Question: The 1999 film is an adaptation of a Shakespeare tragedy throught to be written between what years?
Context: Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.  It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century. Cymbeline (released as Anarchy in the UK) is a 2014 American film version of the Shakespeare tragedy based on the play "Cymbeline" by William Shakespeare.  The film is directed by Michael Almereyda and stars Ethan Hawke, Ed Harris, Dakota Johnson, Milla Jovovich and John Leguizamo. Titus is a 1999 Italian-American-British film adaptation of William Shakespeare's revenge tragedy "Titus Andronicus", about the downfall of a Roman general.  Starring Anthony Hopkins and Jessica Lange, it was the first theatrically-released feature film adaptation of the play.  The film was made by Overseas Filmgroup and Clear Blue Sky Productions and released by Fox Searchlight Pictures.  It was the film directorial debut of Julie Taymor, who co-produced and wrote the screenplay.  It was produced by Jody Patton, Conchita Airoldi and executive produced by Paul G. Allen. Ran (乱, Japanese for "chaos") is a 1985 period tragedy directed, edited and co-written by Akira Kurosawa as an adaptation of Shakespeare's tragedy "King Lear".  It is a Japanese-French venture produced by Herald Ace, Nippon Herald Films and Greenwich Film Productions.  The film stars Tatsuya Nakadai as Hidetora Ichimonji, an aging "Sengoku"-era warlord who decides to abdicate as ruler in favor of his three sons.  The film is an adaptation of the Shakespearean tragedy "King Lear", and includes segments based on legends of the "daimyō" Mōri Motonari. The Spanish Tragedy, or Hieronimo is Mad Again is an Elizabethan tragedy written by Thomas Kyd between 1582 and 1592.  Highly popular and influential in its time, "The Spanish Tragedy" established a new genre in English theatre, the revenge play or revenge tragedy.  Its plot contains several violent murders and includes as one of its characters a personification of Revenge.  "The Spanish Tragedy" was often referred to (or parodied) in works written by other Elizabethan playwrights, including William Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and Christopher Marlowe. Mark Gray (attempted assassin) was a traveling salesman from Keokuk, Iowa who fired two shots from a pistol at actor Edwin Booth on April 23, 1879.  Booth was playing the title role in Richard II (play) at McVickers Theatre in Chicago, Illinois, during the final act of the William Shakespeare tragedy.  Gray gave as his motive a wrong done to a friend by Booth. British actor Christian Bale has starred in various films, as well as advertisements and a video game.  He made his acting debut in 1986, on the television film "".  The following year, he made his film debut starring alongside John Malkovich and Miranda Richardson in the war film "Empire of the Sun".  Bale's role of a young boy, interned in China by the Japanese, received praise from most film critics.  Two years later, Bale had a minor role in "Henry V", a drama film based on William Shakespeare's play "The Life of Henry the Fifth".  It has been considered one of the best Shakespeare film adaptations ever made.  In 1992, Bale starred as Jack Kelly in the Walt Disney musical drama "Newsies", which was a critical and commercial failure; however, it gained a cult following.  He received a role in the 1994 drama "Little Women", which garnered positive reviews.  Bale lent his voice for the Disney animated film "Pocahontas" in 1995, although it received a mixed reception and attained box office success.  He starred as British journalist Arthur Stuart in the Todd Haynes-directed drama "Velvet Goldmine" (1998).  Although critics were divided on the film, Bale's role was "eagerly anticipated".  Bale portrayed Demetrius in the critically praised 1999 film "A Midsummer Night's Dream", an adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name, directed by Michael Hoffman.  The same year, he portrayed Jesus of Nazareth in the television movie "Mary, Mother of Jesus". Shakespearean tragedy is the designation given to most tragedies written by playwright William Shakespeare.  Many of his history plays share the qualifiers of a Shakespearean tragedy, but because they are based on real figures throughout the History of England, they were classified as "histories" in the First Folio.  The Roman tragedies—"Julius Caesar", "Antony and Cleopatra" and "Coriolanus"—are also based on historical figures, but because their source stories were foreign and ancient they are almost always classified as tragedies rather than histories.  Shakespeare's romances (tragicomic plays) were written late in his career and published originally as either tragedy or comedy.  They share some elements of tragedy featuring a high status central character but end happily like Shakespearean comedies.  Several hundred years after Shakespeare's death, scholar F.S. Boas also coined a fifth category, the "problem play," for plays that don't fit neatly into a single classification because of their subject matter, setting, or ending.  The classifications of certain Shakespeare plays are still debated among scholars. Revenge tragedy (less commonly referred to as revenge drama, revenge play, or tragedy of blood) defines a genre of plays made popular in early modern England.  Ashley H. Thorndike formally established this genre in his seminal 1902 article "The Relations of Hamlet to Contemporary Revenge Plays," which characterizes revenge tragedy "as a tragedy whose leading motive is revenge and whose main action deals with the progress of this revenge, leading to the death of the murderers and often the death of the avenger himself."  Thomas Kyd's "The Spanish Tragedy" (c.1580s) is often considered the inaugural revenge tragedy on the early modern stage.  However, more recent research extends early modern revenge tragedy to the 1560s with poet and classicist Jasper Heywood's translations of Seneca at Oxford University, including "Troas" (1559), "Thyestes" (1560), and "Hercules Furens" (1561).  Additionally, Thomases Norton and Sackville's play "Gorbuduc" (1561) is considered an early revenge tragedy (almost twenty years prior to "The Spanish Tragedy").  Other well-known revenge tragedies include William Shakespeare's "Hamlet" (c.1599-1602) and "Titus Andronicus" (c.1588-1593) and Thomas Middleton's "The Revenger's Tragedy" (c.1606). Romeo & Juliet is a 2013 internationally co-produced romantic drama film adaptation of William Shakespeare's romantic tragedy of the same name written by Julian Fellowes and directed by Carlo Carlei.  The film stars Douglas Booth, Hailee Steinfeld, Damian Lewis, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Ed Westwick, Stellan Skarsgård and Paul Giamatti.  The film opened in the United Kingdom and the United States on 11 October 2013.  Like Franco Zeffirelli's adaptation of Shakespeare's tragedy, this film uses the traditional setting of Renaissance Verona, but, unlike previous major film adaptations, only follows the plot and uses only some of the dialogue as written by Shakespeare.  This has led to a controversy; several critics denounced the film's advertising as misleading and losing the essence of the play.  The film grossed $3 million.
Answer: 1588 and 1593