Question: When was the beginning of the crisis which prompted the Malta Declaration? 
Context: The Czechoslovak Declaration of Independence or the Washington Declaration (Czech: "Washingtonská deklarace" ; Slovak: "Washingtonská deklarácia" ) was drafted in Washington, D.C. and published by Czechoslovakia's Paris-based Provisional Government on 18 October 1918.  The creation of the document, officially the Declaration on Independence of the Czechoslovak Nation by Its Provisional Government (Czech: "Prohlášení nezávislosti československého národa zatímní vládou československou" ), was prompted by the imminent collapse of the Habsburg Austro-Hungarian Empire, of which the Czech and Slovak lands had been part for almost 400 years, following the First World War. The Banca Romana scandal surfaced in January 1893 in Italy over the bankruptcy of the Banca Romana, one of the six national banks authorised at the time to issue currency.  The scandal was the first of many Italian corruption scandals, and, like the others, it discredited the whole political system.  The crisis prompted a new banking law, tarnished the prestige of the Prime Ministers Francesco Crispi and Giovanni Giolitti and prompted the collapse of the latter's government in November 1893. John M. Bridgeland (born May 1, 1960) is President and CEO of Civic Enterprises, a public policy firm in Washington, D.C. and vice-Chair of Malaria No More, a non-profit launched at the White House Summit on Malaria that is creating a grassroots, global movement to engage the private and non-profit sectors in helping to end malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.  As well, his research on America’s "Silent Epidemic" which discusses the nation's high school drop-out crisis, has gained momentum in bringing national attention to the issue, while advocating solutions and alternatives to remedy the problem as a way to ensure equal education for America’s youth.  The report prompted the TIME cover story, "Dropout Nation," and two Oprah Winfrey shows on the topic.  Bridgeland also led the National Summit on America's Silent Epidemic with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the National Governors Association, TIME Magazine and MTV that prompted action at the federal, state and local levels around a 10-point plan of action to increase graduation rates and college and workforce readiness. The Malta Declaration is a declaration made on 3 February 2017 during the European migrant crisis by leaders of the European Union in Malta, which holds the six-month rotating presidency of the European Union, that focuses on measures to stem the flow of immigration from Libya to Italy and the EU. The National Archives of Malta (NAM) is the central archive maintained by the Mediterranean island nation of Malta.  The Archives has been housed in the Grandmaster's Palace for most of its lifetime, having moved to three separate locations during the late 1980s.  In 1988, the Legal Documentation Section of the National Archives of Malta was opened, after records of court and tribunal hearings and decisions had been transferred to a Mdina facility beginning the previous year.  A Gozo facility was opened soon after, and in 1994, the then-President of Malta, Ugo Mifsud Bonnici, officially opened the Archives' new Rabat head office and main facility.  All of the Archives' locations feature a reading room, with facilities for researchers open to those over the age of sixteen who produce valid identification. Operation White was a British attempt to deliver 14 aircraft—12 Hawker Hurricane fighters and two Blackburn Skua dive bombers—to Malta from the aircraft carrier HMS "Argus" , on 17 November 1940.  The operation was thwarted by the presence of the Italian Fleet at sea, which prompted a premature take-off of the fighters, and bad weather, with the result that only five aircraft reached Malta.  White was one of several so-called "Club Runs" that supplied short-range fighters for the defence of Malta. The Bosnian crisis of 1908–09, also known as the Annexation crisis or the First Balkan Crisis, erupted when on 8 October 1908, Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, territories formally within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire.  This unilateral action—timed to coincide with Bulgaria's declaration of independence (5 October) from the Ottoman Empire—sparked protestations from all the Great Powers and Austria-Hungary's Balkan neighbours, Serbia and Montenegro.  In April 1909 the Treaty of Berlin was amended to reflect the "fait accompli" and bring the crisis to an end.  The crisis permanently damaged relations between Austria-Hungary on one hand and Serbia, Italy and the Russian Empire on the other.  The Italian historian Luigi Albertini regarded it as laying the grounds for World War I.  Although the crisis ended with what appeared to be a total Austro-Hungarian diplomatic victory, Russia became determined not to back down again and hastened its military build-up.  Austrian–Serbian relations became permanently stressed. A declaration of independence or declaration of statehood is an assertion by a defined territory that it is independent and constitutes a state.  Such places are usually declared from part or all of the territory of another nation or failed nation, or are breakaway territories from within the larger state.  In 2010, the UN's International Court of Justice ruled in an advisory opinion in Kosovo that "International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence", though the state from which the territory wishes to secede may regard the declaration as rebellion, which may lead to a war of independence or a constitutional settlement to resolve the crisis. The Malta declaration is the statement of the Third International Intersex Forum, which took place in Valetta, Malta, in 2013.  The event was supported by the ILGA and ILGA-Europe and brought together 34 people representing 30 organisations from multiple regions of the world. The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe.  These people included asylum seekers, but also others, such as economic migrants and some hostile agents, including Islamic State militants disguised as refugees or migrants.
Answer: 2015