Question: How many MLB players were named in the Mitchell report who are alleged to have used performance enhancing drugs,  which is considered unethical and therefore prohibited by most international shorts organizations? 
Context: Cytoskeletal drugs are small molecules that interact with actin or tubulin.  These drugs can act on the cytoskeletal components within a cell in three main ways.  Some cytoskeletal drugs stabilize a component of the cytoskeleton, such as taxol which stabilizes microtubules or Phalloidin which stabilizes actin filaments.  Others such as Cytochalasin D bind to actin monomers and prevent them from polymerizing into filaments.  Drugs such as demecolcine act by enhancing the depolymerisation of already formed filaments.  Some of these drugs have multiple effects on the cytoskeleton, for example Latrunculin both prevents actin polymerization as well as enhancing its rate of depolymerization.  Typically the microtubule targeting drugs can be found in the clinic where they are used therapeutically in the treatment of some forms of cancer.  As a result of the lack of specificity for specific type of actin (i.e. cannot distinguish between cardiac, smooth muscle, muscle and cytoskeletal forms of actin) the use of these drugs in animals results in unacceptable off target effects.  Despite this the actin targeting compounds are still useful tools that can be used on a cellular level to help further our understanding of how this complex part of the cells internal machinery operates.  For example, Phalloidin which has been conjugated with a fluorescent probe can be used for visualizing the filamentous actin in fixed samples. Victor Conte Jr. (born 1950 in Fresno, California) is a former bassist with Tower of Power and the founder and president of Bay Area Laboratory Co-operative (BALCO), a sports nutrition center in California.  He served time in prison in 2005 after pleading guilty to conspiracy to distribute steroids and money laundering.  Conte played a role in tarnishing professional sports with his distribution of illegal performance enhancing drugs.  He currently operates, Scientific Nutrition for Advanced Conditioning (SNAC Nutrition). In competitive sports, doping refers to the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs by athletic competitors, where the term "doping" is widely used by organizations that regulate sporting competitions.  The use of banned drugs to enhance performance is considered unethical, and therefore prohibited, by most international sports organizations, including the International Olympic Committee.  Furthermore, athletes (or athletic programs) taking explicit measures to evade detection exacerbates the ethical violation with overt deception and cheating. Performance-enhancing substances, also known as performance-enhancing drugs (PED), are substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans.  A well-known example involves doping in sport, where banned physical performance–enhancing drugs are used by athletes and bodybuilders.  Athletic performance-enhancing substances are sometimes referred to as ergogenic aids.  Cognitive performance-enhancing drugs, commonly called nootropics, are sometimes used by students to improve academic performance.  Performance-enhancing substances are also used by military personnel to enhance combat performance. Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is a firm-level strategic orientation which captures an organization's strategy-making practices, managerial philosophies, and firm behaviors that are entrepreneurial in nature.  Entrepreneurial orientation has become one of the most established and researched constructs in the entrepreneurship literature.  A general commonality among past conceptualizations of EO is the inclusion of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking as core defining aspects or dimensions of the orientation.  EO has been shown to be a strong predictor of firm performance with a meta-analysis of past research indicating a correlation in magnitude roughly equivalent to the prescription of taking sleeping pills and getting better sleep.  Still, some research has argued that EO does not enhance the performance for all firms.  Instead, EO can be argued not to be a simple performance enhancing attribute but rather enhancing if it is applied under the right circumstances of the firm.  In some cases, EO can even be disadvantageous for firms, if the situation of the firm does not fit with applying EO.  Different situations (also known as context) can be the environment that the firm is situated within or internal situations such as structure and strategy. The Report to the Commissioner of Baseball of an Independent Investigation into the Illegal Use of Steroids and Other Performance Enhancing Substances by Players in Major League Baseball, informally known as the "Mitchell Report," is the result of former Democratic United States Senator from Maine George J. Mitchell's 20-month investigation into the use of anabolic steroids and human growth hormone (HGH) in Major League Baseball (MLB).  The 409-page report, released on December 13, 2007, covers the history of the use of illegal performance-enhancing substances by players and the effectiveness of the MLB Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program.  The report also advances certain recommendations regarding the handling of past illegal drug use and future prevention practices.  In addition, the report names 89 MLB players who are alleged to have used steroids or other performance-enhancing drugs. Bodybuilding at the 2011 Pacific Games in Nouméa, New Caledonia was held on August 29, 2011.  The competition was marred by doping scandals, with Tahitain bodybuilder Steve Wong Foe convicted of importation and possession of performance enhancing drugs prior to the games, and the post-competition disqualification of four gold medallists, two each from Tahiti and Tonga, due to positive drug tests. A development director or director of development is the senior fundraising manager of a non-profit organization, company, or corporation.  The position works closely with a chief financial officer (CFO) or treasurer.  A Director of Development is chiefly responsible for bringing in revenue streams to a non-profit (grants, donations, special events), and a CFO is responsible for the fiscal management of the organization.  A CFO is rarely assigned to write grant narratives, but may oversee the budget section of a grant application or a fiscal report for a grant.  Some larger organizations (especially those that have large government grants) have a grants manager as well as a grant writer/Director of Development.  A Grants Manager assists the CFO with grant reports and/or grant related accounting.  A development director is usually remunerated for his or her work, and in best practices for nonprofit organizations, development directors earn salaries.  Commissions are still considered unethical by professional organizations such as the Grant Professionals Association (GPA) and the Association of Fundraising Professionals (AFP), but the practice of commission based remuneration is growing, particularly in the current economy. Larry Steven Jeltz (born May 28, 1959) is a former professional baseball player.  He played in parts of eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the Philadelphia Phillies and Kansas City Royals.  Jeltz primarily played shortstop and batted .210 in his career.  Jeltz is one of only a handful of MLB players to have been born in France, and he leads that nation's MLB players in several career statistical categories. A drug test is a technical analysis of a biological specimen, for example urine, hair, blood, breath, sweat, and/or oral fluid/saliva — to determine the presence or absence of specified parent drugs or their metabolites. Major applications of drug testing include detection of the presence of performance enhancing steroids in sport, employers screening for drugs prohibited by law (such as cannabis, cocaine and heroin) and police officers testing for the presence and concentration of alcohol (ethanol) in the blood commonly referred to as BAC (blood alcohol content).  BAC tests are typically administered via a breathalyzer while urinalysis is used for the vast majority of drug testing in sports and the workplace.
Answer: 89 MLB players