Question: Which novelist, Malcolm Lowry or Joseph Wambaugh, was born first?
Context: The Choirboys is a 1977 American comedy-drama film directed by Robert Aldrich, written by Christopher Knopf and Joseph Wambaugh based on Wambaugh's novel of the same title.  It features an ensemble cast including Charles Durning, Louis Gossett, Jr., Randy Quaid, and James Woods.  The film was released to theaters by Universal Pictures on December 23, 1977. The Secrets of Harry Bright is the seventh novel written by former Los Angeles Police Department detective Joseph Wambaugh.  Published in 1985, the book continues a pattern of Wambaugh crime fiction beginning with "The Choirboys" that uses black humor to explore the psychological effects of prolonged stress on veteran police officers.  As with all his novels, "The Secrets of Harry Bright", set in November 1984, is contemporaneous with the time frame in which it was written and includes numerous allusions and references to events and personalities of the time. Joseph Aloysius Wambaugh, Jr. (born January 22, 1937) is a bestselling American writer known for his fictional and non-fictional accounts of police work in the United States.  Several of his first novels were set in Los Angeles, California, and its surroundings, and featured Los Angeles police officers as protagonists. Margerie Bonner (February 17, 1905 – September 28, 1988) was an American actress, scriptwriter, and novelist who is best known as the wife of Malcolm Lowry and for her support of the author while he wrote his best known novel, "Under the Volcano", considered one of the finest novels of the 20th century. The Blue Knight is the second novel by former LAPD detective Joseph Wambaugh, and was written while he was still a serving detective.  It follows the last days on the beat for a veteran LAPD police officer, detailing his thoughts and actions from a first person perspective.  The narrative is written in a coarse, sometimes self-deprecating manner; in the first chapter, Bumper refers to himself as having "an ass two nightsticks wide". Clarence Malcolm Lowry ( ; 28 July 1909 – 26 June 1957) was an English poet and novelist who is best known for his 1947 novel "Under the Volcano", which was voted No. 11 in the Modern Library 100 Best Novels list. Ultramarine is the first novel by English writer Malcolm Lowry.  Published in 1933, the novel follows a young man aboard a steamer in the early 20th century and his struggle to gain acceptance from his crew mates.  Lowry tinkered with the novel until his death, adapting it also to make it fit with his second novel, "Under the Volcano" (1947). John Lent is a Canadian poet and novelist, as well as a college teacher of creative writing and literature.  He has published ten books from 1978 to 2012.  His book, "So It Won't Go Away", was shortlisted for the 2006 Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize.  Lent’s fiction and poetry have appeared for years in magazines across Canada, including: "The Malahat Review", "Event", "Dandelion", "Grain", "The Wascana Review", "NeWest Review", "Prairie Fire", "CV2", "New Quarterly", "Waves", "Matrix", "The Fiddlehead", and "The Antigonish Review".  Lent has read from his work in many cities in Canada, and internationally.  Lent has also published critical articles on the work of Malcolm Lowry, Thomas DeQuincey, Wyndham Lewis, Tom Wayman, Kristjana Gunnars, Mavis Gallant, Dennis Brutus and Wilfred Watson. Carlos Thorne (born 1924) is a Peruvian novelist, writer and lawyer.  He is regarded as one of the most original and innovative Peruvian writers of the second half of the 20th century.  This is due to his unique blend of avant garde flashback techniques, following Malcolm Lowry and James Joyce, with historical detail and accuracy, to the point of reproducing the Spanish of the Conquistadores. Under the Volcano is a novel by English writer Malcolm Lowry (1909–1957) published in 1947.  The novel tells the story of Geoffrey Firmin, an alcoholic British consul in the small Mexican town of Quauhnahuac, on the Day of the Dead, 2 November 1938.  The book takes its name from the two volcanoes that overshadow Quauhnahuac and the characters, Popocatepetl and Iztaccihuatl.  "Under the Volcano" was Lowry's second and last complete novel.
Answer: Malcolm Lowry