Question: Which dog breed, Russian Spaniel or Portuguese Podengo, has been around the longest?
Context: The Russian Spaniel is a type of spaniel first standardised in 1951 in the Soviet Union after World War II by cross breeding English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels and other spaniel breeds.  Physically it is similar to a Cocker Spaniel, but has a shorter, tighter coat and a longer body.  Developed and used as hunting dogs, this breed does not suffer from any major health complaints other than those normally associated with spaniels.  Popular in its native Russia, the breed was only introduced overseas in the 1990s, and is not yet recognised by any major kennel clubs. The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a breed of dog and a member of the spaniel family.  Thought to be comparable to the old Land Spaniel, they are similar to the English Springer Spaniel and historically have been referred to as both the Welsh Spaniel and the Welsh Cocker Spaniel.  They were relatively unknown until a succession of victories in dog trials by the breed increased its popularity.  Following recognition by The Kennel Club in 1902, the breed gained the modern name of Welsh Springer Spaniel.  The breed's coat only comes in a single colour combination of white with red markings, usually in a piebald pattern.  Loyal and affectionate, they can become very attached to family members and are wary of strangers.  Health conditions are limited to those common among many breeds of dog, although they are affected more than average by hip dysplasia and some eye conditions.  They are a working dog, bred for hunting, and while not as rare as some varieties of spaniel, they are rarer than the more widely known English Springer Spaniel with which they are sometimes confused. The King Charles Spaniel (also known as the English Toy Spaniel) is a small dog breed of the spaniel type.  In 1903, the Kennel Club combined four separate toy spaniel breeds under this single title.  The other varieties merged into this breed were the Blenheim, Ruby and Prince Charles Spaniels, each of which contributed one of the four colours available in the breed. The Portuguese Podengo is an ancient multi-sensory hound (sight and scent) breed of dog from Portugal.  As a breed, the Podengo is divided into three size categories that are not interbred: small (Pequeno), medium (Medio) and large (Grande).  Their coats are either short and 'smooth', or longer and 'wired'.  The smooth coated variety is traditional, dating back to the 5th century, whereas the wire coated variety is an outcome of the assimilation of various other breeds during the 20th century.  In general, the breed is healthy; the Pequeno (small) variety has an average lifespan of approximately 15–17 years. The English Cocker Spaniel is a breed of gun dog.  The English Cocker Spaniel is an active, good-natured, sporting dog standing well up at the withers and compactly built.  There are "field" or "working" cockers and "show" cockers.  It is one of several varieties of spaniel and somewhat resembles its American cousin, the American Cocker Spaniel, although it is closer to the working-dog form of the Field Spaniel and the English Springer Spaniel. The American Cocker Spaniel is a breed of sporting dog.  It is a spaniel type dog that is closely related to the English Cocker Spaniel; the two breeds diverged during the 20th century due to differing breed standards in America and the UK.  In the United States, the breed is usually called the Cocker Spaniel, while elsewhere in the world, it is called the American Cocker Spaniel in order to differentiate between it and its English cousin, which was already known as "Cocker Spaniel" before the American variety was created.  The word "cocker" is commonly held to stem from their use to hunt woodcock in England, while "spaniel" is thought to be derived from the type's origins in Spain. The Andalusian hound (Spanish: "Podenco andaluz" ) is a dog breed originating in Spain, especially Andalusia.  These dogs are similar to other Iberian breeds such as the Ibizan Hound, the Portuguese Podengo, the Podenco Canario and the Maneto.  In the Iberian Peninsula there are cave paintings representing dogs with a strong resemblance to these races.  Dogs very similar to these, including the Cirneco dell'Etna and Pharaoh Hound, have been bred in much of the Mediterranean basin since ancient times.  Despite the widespread belief that the podencos were introduced into Spain some 3,000 years ago by the Phoenicians, recent genetic studies have concluded that these dogs actually have a close genetic relationship with other European hunting dogs and are no more "primitive" than the others. The English Springer Spaniel is a breed of gun dog in the Spaniel family traditionally used for flushing and retrieving game.  It is an affectionate, excitable breed with a typical lifespan of twelve to fourteen years.  They are very similar to the Welsh Springer Spaniel and are descended from the Norfolk or Shropshire Spaniels of the mid-19th century; the breed has diverged into separate show and working lines.  The breed suffers from average health complaints.  The show-bred version of the breed has been linked to "rage syndrome", although the disorder is very rare.  It is closely related to the Welsh Springer Spaniel and very closely to the English Cocker Spaniel; less than a century ago, springers and cockers would come from the same litter.  The smaller "cockers" hunted woodcock while the larger littermates were used to flush, or "spring," game.  In 1902, The Kennel Club recognized the English Springer Spaniel as a distinct breed.  They are used as sniffer dogs on a widespread basis.  The term "Springer" comes from the historic hunting role, where the dog would flush (spring) birds into the air. The Alpine Spaniel is an extinct breed of dog which was used in mountain rescues by the Augustinian Canons, who run hospices in the region around the Great St. Bernard Pass.  The spaniel was a large dog notable for its thick curly coat.  One of the most famous specimens of the Alpine Spaniel is Barry, however his preserved body has been modified on more than one occasion to fit with descriptions of the extinct breed from earlier time periods.  Due to the conditions in the Alps, and a series of accidents, extinction was discussed as a possibility by authors during the 1830s, and at some point prior to 1847 the entire breed was reduced to a single example due to disease.  Evidence held at the Natural History Museum in Bern show that two distinct breeds of dog were being used in the area during this time period.  The breed is thought to be the predecessor to the modern St. Bernard and the Clumber Spaniel. A breed standard (also called bench standard or the standard) in the dog fancy is a set of guidelines covering specific "externally observable" qualities such as "appearance", "movement", and "temperament" for that dog breed.  Breed standards are not scientific documents, but are written for each breed by clubs of hobbyists called breed clubs for their own specific requirements.  Details and definitions within breed standards for a specific dog breed may vary from breed club to breed club and from country to country.  Dog breed standards are similar in form and function to breed standards for other domesticated animals.
Answer: Portuguese Podengo