Question: Name the term used to describe military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, an example being the Albatros Dr.II, a German prototype single-seat triplane, fitted with twin machine guns?
Context: Air-to-air combat is the engagement of flying machines in warfare in which one or more aircraft tries to destroy one or more other aircraft.  The Korean War saw the greatest amount of air-to-air combat since World War II.  During the war the United States claimed to have shot down around 700 fighters.  After the war the USAF reviewed its figures in an investigation code-named "Sabre Measure Charlie" and downgraded the kill ratio of the North American F-86 Sabre against the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 by half from 14:1 to 7:1.  One of the factors inflating US numbers was that most dogfights took place over enemy-controlled area.  The only way to confirm kills was through gun camera photography.  USAF pilots were credited with a kill if the gun camera showed their guns striking the enemy aircraft even if no one actually saw it go down.  However, Soviet kill claims were also highly exaggerated, based upon inherent flaws in their film grading procedures.  For instance, the S-13 gun camera was not aligned with either the gunsight or either cannons' ballistics.  It ran only while the firing buttons were depressed.  Film graders commonly included unit commanders and political commisars who would confirm a "kill"—sometimes even if one had not been claimed by a pilot—when the camera's crosshairs touched the target for two movie frames.  During the first 16 months of combat Soviet V-VS units claimed 218 F-86s destroyed when only 36 (35 to the two elite IADs and one to the 50th IAD) had been lost.  This results in a 600 per cent inflation rate in victory credits over actual Sabres destroyed. A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets.  The hallmarks of a fighter are its speed, maneuverability, and small size relative to other combat aircraft. The Albatros D.X was a German prototype single-seat fighter biplane developed in 1918 in parallel with the Albatros D.IX.  It used the same slab-sided and flat-bottomed fuselage as the D.IX, which was a departure from previous Albatros designs, but was powered by a 145 kW (195 hp) Benz Bz.IIIbo water-cooled V8 engine in place of the D.IX's Mercedes D.IIIa straight-six. The Albatros Dr.II was a German prototype single-seat fighter triplane, the sole example of which flew in the spring of 1918.  It was similar in many respects to the D.X biplane, employing among other features the same 145 kW (195 hp) Benz Bz.IIIbo engine and twin 7.92 mm (.312 in) machine guns. This is a list of military aircraft that are primarily designed for air-to-air combat and thus does not include aircraft intended for other roles where they have some secondary air-to-air capability, such as with many ground attack aircraft.  The list includes fighter aircraft which are currently in "operational" service, those that have been "retired", designs that flew but were "abandoned" without having been used operationally, and future "project" aircraft still in development.  The list does not include projects that were cancelled before an aircraft was built or fictional aircraft.  They are listed alphabetically by manufacturer, but the table can be sorted by any column. A Jet fighter is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other aircraft The Albatros D.VII was a German prototype single-seat fighter biplane flown in August 1917.  It was powered by a water-cooled Benz Bz.IIIb V8 engine developing 145 kW (195 hp) and armed with two 7.92 mm (.312 in) machine guns.  The D.VII had ailerons on both upper and lower wings linked by hinged struts. Albatros D.IX was a German prototype single-seat fighter built in early 1918.  It differed from previous marks by using a simplified fuselage with a flat bottom and slab sides.  The wings and tail were similar to those of the Albatros D.VII.  Power was provided by a 130 kW Mercedes D.IIIa engine.  The D.IX was armed with twin synchronised 7.92 mm LMG 08/15 machine guns. Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons ranging from machine guns (5mm to 20mm) to autocannons or rotary cannons (typically 20mm to 37mm).  This means that, although ground attack using automatic weapons fire is very often accompanied with bombing or rocket fire, the term "strafing" does not specifically include the last two.  The term "strafing" can cover either fixed guns, or aimable (flexible) guns.  Fixed guns firing directly ahead tend to be more predominant on fixed wing aircraft, while helicopters tend to use aimable weapons which can be fired in many different directions independent of the direction the aircraft is pointing in (in most cases, flexible guns on a fixed wing aircraft are for defense purposes only, although they can sometimes be used to fire on ground targets to limited effect).  Some fixed wing aircraft, like fighter-bombers, are capable of flying either air-combat missions or ground attack missions (P-47 Thunderbolt), while others are dedicated ground-attack types (Il-2 Shturmovik).  In cases where an aircraft is capable of both types of combat, when it is assigned to a ground attack role, and thus expected to be using the guns mostly for strafing, the fixed weapons are often mounted so that the convergence point is lower and at a greater range than would be used for air combat.  This is helpful because it allows the pilot to aim at a target without having to dive towards the ground as steeply, decreasing the risk of collision with the ground and increasing the amount of firing time available before having to pull up, and it also increases the range from the target, helping avoid anti-aircraft fire and potential damage from exploding targets.  Because of the low altitude and relatively low airspeed required for accurate strafing, it is very risky for the pilot, who is exposed not only to the risk of flight-into-terrain and obstacles such as power lines, but also to anti-aircraft weapons, including surface-to-air missiles (both vehicle mounted and hand-held), anti-aircraft artillery and small caliber weapons fire (such as machine guns and small arms).  Planes purposely designed for ground attack may include additional armour around and underneath the cockpit and other vulnerable areas such as engines to protect the pilot and key flight components, while aircraft designed mostly for air combat tend to have most of their armor placed to protect directly ahead or to the rear, where fire from other aircraft is most likely, leaving them more vulnerable to fire from directly below or to the sides, where much ground fire often comes from. In current military parlance, a strike fighter is a multirole combat aircraft designed to operate primarily as an attack aircraft, while also incorporating certain performance characteristics of a fighter.  As a category, it is distinct from fighter-bombers.  It is closely related to the concept of interdictor aircraft, but it puts more emphasis on air-to-air combat capabilities as a multirole combat aircraft.  Examples of contemporary American strike fighters are the McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle, Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II.
Answer: fighter aircraft