Question: Which opera was produced first, Norma or Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny?
Context: Norma, or A Politician's Love (Norwegian:"Norma eller En Politikers Kjærlighed") is an eight-page drama written as an opera parody by Henrik Ibsen.  It is influenced by Vincenzo Bellini's opera "Norma", which Ibsen saw in 1851, but the characters are contemporary politicians.  The play was first printed anonymously in the satirical magazine "Andhrimner" in 1851.  The first book edition came in 1909, and the first performance of the play was at a student theatre in Trondheim 1994. The "Alabama Song"—also known as "Moon of Alabama", "Moon over Alabama", and "Whisky Bar"—is an English version of a song written by Bertolt Brecht and translated from German by his close collaborator Elisabeth Hauptmann in 1925 and set to music by Kurt Weill for the 1927 play "Little Mahagonny".  It was reused for the 1930 opera "Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny" and has been notably covered by The Doors and David Bowie. Mahagonny-Songspiel, also known as The Little Mahagonny, is a "small-scale 'scenic cantata'" written by the composer Kurt Weill and the dramatist Bertolt Brecht in 1927.  Weill was commissioned in the spring to write one of a series of very short operas for performance that summer, and he chose to use the opportunity to create a "stylistic exercise" as preparation for a larger-scale project that they had begun to develop together (the two had met for the first time in March), their experimental 'epic opera' "The Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny" (1930). Norma (] ) is a "tragedia lirica" or opera in two acts by Vincenzo Bellini with libretto by Felice Romani after "Norma, ou L'infanticide" ("Norma, or The Infanticide") by Alexandre Soumet.  It was first produced at La Scala in Milan on 26 December 1831. "The Modern Theatre Is the Epic Theatre" is a theoretical work by the twentieth-century German theatre practitioner Bertolt Brecht.  It was composed in 1930 as a set of notes to accompany his opera "Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny".  In it, he outlines his ideas for a "refunctioning" of the theatre, his principle of the 'separation of the elements" (conceived in opposition to Wagner's principle of the "integrated work of art"), and the "shifts of accent" involved in the move from traditional "dramatic" theatre to his own "epic" theatre.  It also contains one of the earliest formulations of "Gestus". Inga Nielsen (2 June 1946 – 10 February 2008) was a Danish soprano who had an active international opera career from 1971 to 2006.  A child prodigy, Nielsen performed on American radio during the 1950s, beginning at the age of six, and also released some commercial recordings of Danish folk songs and Christmas carols as a child.  She began her opera career performing parts in the lyric soprano repertory and then became an admired singer of dramatic soprano roles, beginning in the late 1980s.  She was a particularly renowned interpreter of the roles of Konstanze in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's "Die Entführung aus dem Serail" and the title role in Richard Strauss's "Salome".  She excelled in portraying some of the more rarely heard and demanding dramatic soprano roles such as the woman in Arnold Schoenberg's "Erwartung", Ursula in "Mathis der Maler" and Jenny in "Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny". Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny (German: Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny ) is a political-satirical opera composed by Kurt Weill to a German libretto by Bertolt Brecht.  It was first performed on 9 March 1930 at the Neues Theater in Leipzig. Power Rangers is an American entertainment and merchandising franchise built around a live action superhero television series.  Produced first by Saban Entertainment, later by BVS Entertainment, and today by SCG Power Rangers, the television series takes much of its footage from the Japanese tokusatsu "Super Sentai", produced by Toei Company.  The first "Power Rangers" entry, "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers", debuted on August 28, 1993, and helped launch the Fox Kids programming block of the 1990s, during which it catapulted into popular culture along with a line of action figures and other toys by Bandai.  s of 2001 , the media franchise has generated over $6 billion in retail sales worldwide. Marcus Samuel Blitzstein (March 2, 1905January 22, 1964), was an American composer, lyricist, and librettist.  He won national attention in 1937 when his pro-union musical "The Cradle Will Rock", directed by Orson Welles, was shut down by the Works Progress Administration.  He is known for "The Cradle Will Rock" and for his Off-Broadway translation/adaptation of "The Threepenny Opera" by Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill.  His works also include the opera "Regina", an adaptation of Lillian Hellman's play "The Little Foxes"; the Broadway musical "Juno", based on Seán O'Casey's play "Juno and the Paycock"; and "No for an Answer".  He completed translation/adaptations of Brecht's and Weill's musical play "Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny" and of Brecht's play "Mother Courage and Her Children" with music by Paul Dessau.  Blitzstein also composed music for films, such as "Surf and Seaweed" (1931) and "The Spanish Earth" (1937), and he contributed two songs to the original 1960 production of Hellman's play "Toys in the Attic". Nell Gwynne is a three-act comic opera composed by Robert Planquette, with a libretto by H. B. Farnie.  The libretto is based on the play "Rochester" by William Thomas Moncrieff.  The piece was a rare instance of an opera by a French composer being produced first in London.  Farnie had written an earlier libretto on the same subject, with the same name, for composer Alfred Cellier, which was produced at the Prince's Theatre in Manchester in 1876.
Answer: Norma