Question: What was the malicious wounding that Andrew Kearney dead as a result?
Context: Samuel Leonard Boyd is an Australian multiple murderer from New South Wales, currently serving four consecutive sentences of life imprisonment plus 25 years without the possibility of parole for the murder of four people and the malicious wounding of a fifth between September 1982 and April 1983. Oscar Joseph Slater (8 January 1872 – 31 January 1948) was a victim of a Scottish miscarriage of justice.  He was born Oscar Leschziner in Oppeln, Upper Silesia, Germany to a Jewish family.  Around 1893, to evade military service, he moved to London, where he worked as a bookmaker using various names, including "Anderson", before settling on "Slater" for official purposes.  He was prosecuted for malicious wounding in 1896 and assault in 1897 but was acquitted in both cases. The Prevention of Crime Act 1953 (C.14) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that restricts the carrying of offensive weapons in public.  The Act was passed in response to the large rise in violent crime in the United Kingdom, with 800 cases of armed robbery, assault with intent to rob or robbery with violence and 4,445 cases of malicious wounding in 1951 (the last year up to that point with such statistics) while many of these crimes did not include the use of weapons there were calls from politicians, police officers and members of the public for new laws to combat the problem by restricting civilian weapons.  Prior to the act it was not a crime to carry a weapon in a public place for offensive or defensive purposes (though carrying or using a weapon during the commission of a crime would earn a greater punishment) unless it was a firearm or imitation firearm.  The Prevention of Crime Act was created to under the presumption that banning weapons from all civilians, regardless of their intention, from public places would reduce violent crime, receiving the Royal Assent on 6 May 1953 and coming into force on 6 June.  No subsequent studies were carried out afterwards to ascertain what effect, if any, the act had on crime. In 1992, a group of McKinsey partners in New York left the firm to start a Financial Services Group at A.T. Kearney, a Chicago-based competitor.  The relationship soon soured as A.T. Kearney was in the process of selling itself to EDS, an IT outsourcing conglomerate.  As a result, the original Mitchell Madison Group was co-founded by Vikas Kapoor in a management buy-out with about 120 professionals in 1994, and doubled its revenue year on year. Andrew Thomas Kearney (1892–1962) was the founder of A.T. Kearney, one of the world's oldest management consulting firms. Kneecapping is a form of malicious wounding, often as criminal punishment or torture, in which the victim is injured in the knee.  The injury is typically inflicted by a low-velocity gunshot to the knee pit with a handgun.  The term is considered a misnomer by medical professionals because only a very small minority of victims suffer damage to the kneecap.  A review of eighty kneecapping victims found that only two had a fractured kneecap.  Some victims have their elbows and ankles shot as well. The M25 Three were Raphael George Rowe, Michael George Davis, and Randolph Egbert Johnson, who were jailed for life at the Old Bailey in March 1990 after being found guilty of murder and robbery.  The name was taken from the location of the crimes, which were committed around the M25, London's orbital motorway, during the early hours of 16 December 1988.  The original trial took place between January and February 1990, resulting in all three being convicted of the murder of Peter Hurburgh, causing grievous bodily harm with intent to Timothy Napier and several robberies.  Each was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder and given substantial sentences for the other offences.  Davis also pleaded guilty to separate charges of robbery and Johnson to robbery and rape, offences committed during the commission of an earlier burglary several days before the murder.  For these crimes, Davis was sentenced to ten years and Johnson to twelve years.  All sentences were concurrent.  Rowe also had previous convictions, including malicious wounding. Grievous bodily harm (often abbreviated to GBH) is a technical term used in English criminal law which has become synonymous with the offences that are created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861.  The distinction between these two sections is the requirement of specific intent for section 18; the offence under section 18 is variously referred to as "wounding with intent" or "causing grievous bodily harm with intent", whereas the offence under section 20 is variously referred to as "unlawful wounding", "malicious wounding" or "inflicting grievous bodily harm".  The offence is the most serious form of assault anyone can commit. R v Brown [1994] 1 AC 212 is a House of Lords judgment in which a group of men were convicted for their involvement in consensual sadomasochistic sexual acts over a 10-year period.  They were convicted of "unlawful and malicious wounding" and "assault occasioning actual bodily harm" contrary to sections 20 and 47 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861.  The key issue facing the Court was whether consent was a valid defence to assault in these circumstances, to which the Court answered in the negative. Andrew Kearney (c.1965 – 19 July 1998) was an Irishman from Belfast who died as a result of a punishment shooting carried out by members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA).
Answer: Kneecapping