Question: Otto Preminger and Aleksei Balabanov were both what?
Context: The Moon Is Blue is a 1953 American romantic comedy film produced and directed by Otto Preminger and starring William Holden, David Niven, and Maggie McNamara.  Written by F. Hugh Herbert and based on his 1951 play of the same title, the film is about a young woman who meets an architect on the observation deck of the Empire State Building and quickly turns his life upside down.  Herbert's play had also been a huge success in Germany, and Preminger decided to film English- and German-language versions simultaneously, using the same sets but different casts.  The German film version is "Die Jungfrau auf dem Dach". Happy Days (Russian: Счастливые дни , translit.  Schastlivye dni) is a 1991 Soviet drama film directed by Aleksei Balabanov.  It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival. Otto Ludwig Preminger ( , ] ; 5 December 1905 – 23 April 1986) was an American theatre and film director, originally from Austria-Hungary. War (Russian: Война , translit.  "Voyna") is a 2002 Russian film by Aleksei Balabanov about the realities of the Second Chechen War starring Aleksei Chadov and Ian Kelly. Aleksei Oktyabrinovich Balabanov (Russian: Алeксeй Oктябpинoвич Балабанoв ; 25 February 1959 – 18 May 2013) was a Russian film director, screenwriter, and producer, who shot mostly arthouse pictures, but gained mainstream popularity with the crime drama Brat ("Brother") and its more action-oriented sequel, "Brat-2" ("Brother 2"), both of which starred Sergei Bodrov, Jr. as a young hitman.  "Brother" was successful both at the box office and in video copies, achieving wide popularity in Russia.  Later, however, Balabanov became better known for his films "Cargo 200" (2007) and "Morphine" (2008). Morphine is a 2008 Russian film by Aleksei Balabanov. Cargo 200 (Russian: Груз 200 , "Gruz 200 " ) is a Russian thriller film from 2007 by Aleksei Balabanov depicting the late Soviet society.  The action is set during the culmination of the Soviet war in Afghanistan in 1984.  The movie's title "Cargo 200" refers to the zinc coffins in which dead Soviet soldiers were shipped home.  The movie was said to be based on a true story. Brother (Russian: Брат , translit.  "Brat") is a 1997 Russian crime film directed by Aleksei Balabanov.  The film stars Sergei Bodrov Jr. as Danila Bagrov, a young Russian ex-conscript.  The character of Danila is considered by many in Russia to be an icon of the early post-Soviet period.  It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.  After its release on VHS in June 1997, "Brother" unexpectedly became one of the most commercially successful Russian films released in the 1990s and quickly became a cult film throughout Russia.  Due to the film's popularity and fan demand, a sequel, "Brother 2", was released in 2000.  "Brother 2" is notable for having a significantly higher budget, more emphasis on action sequences, and taking place in Moscow and Chicago. The Castle (Russian: Замок , "Zamok " ) is a 1994 film directed by Aleksei Balabanov.  It is the second notable screen version of Kafka’s unfinished novel "The Castle".  It tells of an individual desperately trying to preserve his identity while struggling against sinister and invisible bureaucrats who rule the village from inside the titular castle.  The picture is noted for costumes/sets design in bruegelian style, it won Best Art Direction and Best Costumes at the 1994 Nika Awards. Rosebud is a 1975 film directed by Otto Preminger, and starring Peter O'Toole, Richard Attenborough, and Peter Lawford.  The script was by Otto's son, Erik Lee Preminger, based on the novel by Joan Hemingway and .  Originally the film was set to star Robert Mitchum, but he left after disagreements with Preminger.  Kim Cattrall made her film début as a teenager.  Barbara Emerson, who had been cast as one of the girls, was replaced during production.
Answer: film director