Question: ] Conax develops television encryption, conditional access and a set of access control technologies for restricting the use of proprietary hardware and what kind of works?
Context: In computer systems security, role-based access control (RBAC) is an approach to restricting system access to authorized users.  It is used by the majority of enterprises with more than 500 employees, and can implement mandatory access control (MAC) or discretionary access control (DAC).  RBAC is sometimes referred to as role-based security. PrivateCore is a venture-backed startup located in Palo Alto, California that develops software to secure server data through server attestation and memory encryption.  The company’s attestation and memory encryption technology fills a gap that exists between “data in motion” encryption (TLS, email encryption) and “data at rest” encryption (disk encryption, tape encryption) by protecting “data in use” (random access memory).  PrivateCore memory encryption technology protects against threats to servers such as cold boot attacks, hardware advanced persistent threats, rootkits/bootkits, computer hardware supply chain attacks, and physical threats to servers from insiders.  PrivateCore was acquired by Facebook, a deal that was announced on 7 August 2014. In computer security, mandatory access control (MAC) refers to a type of access control by which the operating system constrains the ability of a "subject" or "initiator" to access or generally perform some sort of operation on an "object" or "target".  In practice, a subject is usually a process or thread; objects are constructs such as files, directories, TCP/UDP ports, shared memory segments, IO devices, etc.  Subjects and objects each have a set of security attributes.  Whenever a subject attempts to access an object, an authorization rule enforced by the operating system kernel examines these security attributes and decides whether the access can take place.  Any operation by any subject on any object is tested against the set of authorization rules (aka "policy") to determine if the operation is allowed.  A database management system, in its access control mechanism, can also apply mandatory access control; in this case, the objects are tables, views, procedures, etc. Digital rights management (DRM) is a set of access control technologies for restricting the use of proprietary hardware and copyrighted works.  DRM technologies try to control the use, modification, and distribution of copyrighted works (such as software and multimedia content), as well as systems within devices that enforce these policies. A conditional access module (CAM) is an electronic device, usually incorporating a slot for a smart card, which equips an Integrated Digital Television or set-top box with the appropriate hardware facility to view conditional access content that has been encrypted using a conditional access system.  They are normally used with direct-broadcast satellite (DBS) services, although digital terrestrial pay TV suppliers also use CAMs.  PC Card form factor is used as the Common Interface form of Conditional Access Modules for DVB broadcasts. Conax develops television encryption, conditional access and content security for digital television.  Conax provide CAS technology to pay TV operators in 85 countries.  The company has offices in Norway (headquarters), Russia, Germany, Brazil, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, China, Singapore, and India, with a 24/7 Global Support Center in India. The Conditional Access Convention, formally the European Convention on the Legal Protection of Services based on, or consisting of, Conditional Access is a convention of the Council of Europe, which requires its parties to make pieces of software that circumvent paywalls for television and radio programmes as well as "information society services".  The convention is based on the Conditional Access Directive which already required European Union Member states to enact similar legislation. Authorization is the function of specifying access rights/privileges to resources related to information security and computer security in general and to access control in particular .  More formally, "to authorize" is to define an access policy.  For example, human resources staff is normally authorized to access employee records and this policy is usually formalized as access control rules in a computer system.  During operation, the system uses the access control rules to decide whether access requests from (authentication) shall be approved (granted) or disapproved (rejected) .  Resources include individual files or an item's data, computer programs, computer devices and functionality provided by computer applications. Examples of consumers are computer users, computer Software and other Hardware on the computer. In computer security, discretionary access control (DAC) is a type of access control defined by the Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria "as a means of restricting access to objects based on the identity of subjects and/or groups to which they belong.  The controls are discretionary in the sense that a subject with a certain access permission is capable of passing that permission (perhaps indirectly) on to any other subject (unless restrained by mandatory access control)". Directive 98/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 1998 on the legal protection of services based on, or consisting of, conditional access is a European Union directive in the field of intellectual property law, made under the internal market provisions of the Treaty of Rome.  The Directive covers "conditional access services", which are defined as television or radio broadcasts or internet services to which "access [...] in an intelligible form is made conditional upon prior individual authorisation" and payment.  Examples are pay-per-view and encrypted television and internet sites which charge for access.
Answer: copyrighted