Question: Which case dealt with same-sex relationships, Furman v. Georgia or Bowers v. Hardwick?
Context: Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in the U.S. state of Indiana since October 6, 2014.  The state had previously restricted marriage to male-female couples by statute in 1986.  By legislation passed in 1997, it denied recognition to same-sex relationships established in other jurisdictions.  A lawsuit challenging the state's refusal to grant marriage licenses to same-sex couples, "Baskin v. Bogan", won a favorable ruling from the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana on June 25, 2014.  Until the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit granted an emergency stay of the district court's ruling on June 27, most Indiana counties issued marriage licenses to same-sex couples.  The Court of Appeals affirmed the district court's ruling in "Baskin" on September 4.  A ruling in "Bowling v. Pence" stated that the state must recognize same-sex marriages performed out-of-state and the decision was stayed until the Circuit ruled on the merits in similar cases.  It also stated that the ruling would remain stayed if the circuit court stayed its decision in the related cases. Gregg v. Georgia", "Proffitt v. Florida", "Jurek v. Texas", "Woodson v. North Carolina", and "Roberts v. Louisiana, 428 U.S. 153 (1976) , reaffirmed the United States Supreme Court's acceptance of the use of the death penalty in the United States, upholding, in particular, the death sentence imposed on Troy Leon Gregg.  Referred to by a leading scholar as the July 2 Cases and elsewhere referred to by the lead case Gregg, the Supreme Court set forth the two main features that capital sentencing procedures must employ in order to comply with the Eighth Amendment ban on "cruel and unusual punishments".  The decision essentially ended the "de facto" moratorium on the death penalty imposed by the Court in its 1972 decision in "Furman v. Georgia" 408 U.S. 238 (1972) . Domestic violence in same-sex relationships is a pattern of violence or abuse that occurs within same-sex relationships.  Domestic violence is an issue that affects people of any sexuality, but there are issues that affect victims of same-sex domestic violence specifically.  These issues include homophobia, HIV and AIDS stigma, STD risk and other health issues, lack of legal support, and the violence they face being considered less serious than heterosexual domestic violence.  Moreover, the issue of domestic violence in same-sex relationships has not been studied as comprehensively as domestic violence in heterosexual relationships.  However, there are legal changes being made to help victims of domestic violence in same-sex relationships, as well as organizations that cater specifically to victims of domestic violence in same-sex relationships. X and Others v. Austria 53 ILM 64 was a human rights case that was decided in 2013 by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR).  The case concerned whether the Government of Austria had discriminated against Austrian citizens who were in same-sex relationships because the wording of the Austrian Civil Code (German: "Allgermeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch") did not permit unmarried same-sex couples access to legally granted second-parent adoptions, whereas it was available to unmarried heterosexual couples. Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986) , is a United States Supreme Court decision, overturned in 2003, that upheld, in a 5–4 ruling, the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults, in this case with respect to homosexual sodomy, though the law did not differentiate between homosexual sodomy and heterosexual sodomy. Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972) was a criminal case in which the United States Supreme Court struck down all death penalty schemes in the United States in a 5–4 decision, with each member of the majority writing a separate opinion.  Following "Furman", in order to reinstate the death penalty, states had to at least remove arbitrary and discriminatory effects, to satisfy the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Societal attitudes towards same-sex relationships have varied over time and place, from expecting all males to engage in same-sex relationships, to casual integration, through acceptance, to seeing the practice as a minor sin, repressing it through law enforcement and judicial mechanisms, and to proscribing it under penalty of death. Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003) is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court.  The Court struck down the sodomy law in Texas in a 6-3 decision and, by extension, invalidated sodomy laws in 13 other states, making same-sex sexual activity legal in every U.S. state and territory.  The Court, with a five-justice majority, overturned its previous ruling on the same issue in the 1986 case "Bowers v. Hardwick", where it upheld a challenged Georgia statute and did not find a constitutional protection of sexual privacy. Societal attitudes towards same-sex relationships have varied over time and place, from expecting all males to engage in same-sex relationships, to casual integration, through acceptance, to seeing the practice as a minor sin, repressing it through law enforcement and judicial mechanisms, and to proscribing it under penalty of death.  The following individuals received the death penalty for it. Gary Mark Gilmore (December 4, 1940 – January 17, 1977) was an American criminal who gained international notoriety for demanding the implementation of his death sentence for two murders he committed in Utah.  After the U.S. Supreme Court upheld a new series of death penalty statutes in the 1976 decision "Gregg v. Georgia", he became the first person in almost ten years to be executed in the United States.  These new statutes avoided the problems under the 1972 decision in "Furman v. Georgia," which had resulted in earlier death penalty statutes being deemed as "cruel and unusual" punishment, and therefore unconstitutional.  (The Supreme Court had previously ordered all states to commute death sentences to life imprisonment after Furman v. Georgia.)  Gilmore was executed by firing squad in 1977.  His life and execution was the subject of the 1979 nonfiction novel "The Executioner's Song" by Norman Mailer, and 1982 TV film of the novel starring Tommy Lee Jones as Gilmore.
Answer: Bowers v. Hardwick