Question: Which Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland appointed Sir Brian O'Neill as judge? 
Context: The Protestant Revolution of 1689, sometimes called "Coode's Rebellion" after one of its leaders, John Coode, took place in the Province of Maryland when Puritans, by then a substantial majority in the colony, revolted against the proprietary government led by the Roman Catholic Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore.  The rebellion followed the "Glorious Revolution" in England of 1688, which saw the Protestant Monarchs William III and Mary II, replace the English, Catholic monarch, King James II.  The Lords Baltimore lost control of their proprietary colony, and for the next 25 years, Maryland would be ruled directly by the British Crown.  The Protestant Revolution also saw the effective end of Maryland's early experiments with religious toleration, as Catholicism was outlawed, and Roman Catholics forbidden from holding public office.  Religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until after the American Revolution. Roman Catholic Diocese of Sultanpet (Latin: "Dioecesis Sultanpetensis" ) is a Roman Catholic diocese consisting of Palakkad district, Kerala, India erected from the division of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Coimbatore and Roman Catholic Diocese of Calicut, and a suffragan of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Verapoly.  Rev. Peter Abir Antonisamy clergy of Archdiocese of Pondicherry and Cuddalore was appointed as its first bishop.  The parish church of San Sebastian, located in Sultanpet in the city of Palaghat, is the cathedral of this diocese.  At the time of its erection it was the 31st Roman Catholic diocese in Kerala and 167th in India.  The diocese is almost coterminus with the Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Palghat. Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (17 August 1843 – 16 December 1913) was an Italian Cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, and the last man to have his candidacy for papal election vetoed by a Catholic monarch. A crown-cardinal (Italian: "cardinale della corona" ) was a cardinal protector of a Roman Catholic nation, nominated or funded by a Catholic monarch to serve as their representative within the College of Cardinals and, on occasion, to exercise the right claimed by some monarchs to veto a candidate for election to the papacy.  More generally, the term may refer to any cardinal significant as a secular statesman or elevated at the request of a monarch. Sir Brian O'Neill, 2nd Baronet (died 1694) was an Irish landowner, barrister  and judge.  He was one of the Roman Catholic judges appointed by James II of England in his efforts to "Romanise" the Irish administration.  As such he and his fellow Catholic judges have been treated harshly by historians.  However William of Orange, after he overthrew his father-in-law James II, also made use of O'Neill's services for a time.  He was the second of the O'Neill Baronets of Upper Claneboys. Sir Robert Doyne (1651–1733) was member of the Irish House of Commons for New Ross from 1692 to ! 695, and later a distinguished judge who served as Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer from 1695 to 1703 and Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas from 1703 to 1714.  In the latter year like all the senior judges in Ireland appointed under Queen Anne he was removed by the new administration; while allegations of corruption were made, the removal seems to have been a simple matter of politics.  Although the Irish House of Commons passed a resolution that he had acted corruptly, no further action seems to have been taken against him and he lived in peaceful retirement for many years. James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.  He was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland. Lynch was born in Aberdeen.  He was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School before taking degrees at the University of Aberdeen and the University of London.  His first academic post was a lectureship in the history department at University College, Bangor (now Bangor University) from 1971-1979.  From there he took up a lectureship in the Scottish history department at the University of Edinburgh, where, in 1993, he was appointed Sir William Fraser Professor of Scottish History and Palaeography, holding this Chair—the oldest and most distinguished Scottish history professorship in the world—until his retirement in 2005.  As Professor he served as chairman of the Ancient Monuments Board for Scotland (1996-2002), president of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (1996-1999), and a trustee of the National Museum of Scotland (2002-2005). Dr. Gerard Newe, OBE (1907–1982), was the first Roman Catholic to be appointed a minister in the Government of Northern Ireland.  He was appointed on 27 October 1971 as a Minister of State (i.e. junior minister) in the Prime Minister of Northern Ireland's Department.  Dr. Newe was appointed even though he was not an MP.  Brian Faulkner, then Prime Minister, appointed him to advise on matters concerning the Roman Catholic community.  This was widely viewed as an attempt to improve community relations and encourage the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) to return to the parliament. The Roman Catholic dioceses in Great Britain are organised by two separate hierarchies: the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, and the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland.  Within Great Britain, the Roman Catholic Church of England and Wales has five provinces, subdivided into 22 dioceses, and the Roman Catholic Church of Scotland has two provinces, subdivided into 6 dioceses.  The Roman Catholic dioceses in Northern Ireland are organised together with those in the Republic of Ireland, as the Church in Ireland was not divided when civil authority in Ireland was partitioned in the 1920s.
Answer: James II of England