Question: As of which earthly date do the Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jesus Christ has been ruling in heaven as king, a date they believe was prophesied in Scripture, resulting in God's selection of Bible Students associated with the early 20th century Christian restorationist minister from Pittsburgh and founder?
Context: The eschatology of Jehovah's Witnesses is central to their religious beliefs.  They believe that Jesus Christ has been ruling in heaven as king since 1914 (a date they believe was prophesied in Scripture), and that after that time a period of cleansing occurred, resulting in God's selection of the Bible Students associated with Charles Taze Russell to be his people in 1919.  They also believe the destruction of those who reject their message and thus willfully refuse to obey God will shortly take place at Armageddon, ensuring that the beginning of the new earthly society will be composed of willing subjects of that kingdom. Jehovah's Witnesses believe their allegiance belongs to God's Kingdom, which they view as an actual government.  They refrain from saluting the flag of any country or singing nationalistic songs, which they believe are forms of worship, although they may stand out of respect.  They also refuse to participate in military service—even when it is compulsory—and do not become involved in politics.  They believe Jesus' refusal to rule the kingdoms of the world as offered by the Devil, his refusal to be made king of Israel by the Jews, and his statements that he, his followers, and his kingdom are not part of the world, provide the bases for not being involved in politics or government.  Witnesses are taught that they should obey laws of the governments where they live unless such laws conflict with their beliefs, such as operating covertly in countries where their activities are banned. The Reflecting God Study Bible is a study Bible published by Zondervan in conjunction with the Christian Holiness Partnership which, as a Wesleyan revision of the "NIV Study Bible", utilized the New International Version (NIV).  Following a 10-year negotiation with Zondervan by two publishing consortia, Holiness Publishers Alliance, and Light and Life Communications, Zondervan struck an agreement with the Christian Holiness Partnership resulting in this volume.  Publisher of Light and Life Communications, John Van Valin, guided the process, including the selection of the title, through to its sponsorship by Christian Holiness Partnership.  While the standard NIV Study Bible serves as the basis of not only the scripture text, but also many portions of the commentary section, interest in publishing this version was in part a response to the failure of the original editorial staff of the NIV Study Bible, to include any significant contribution from Wesleyan-Arminian scholars.  In addition, this volume serves the theological interests of vast portions of the evangelical community including such groups as the Salvation Army, Church of the Nazarene, United Methodist Church, the Wesleyan Church, the Free Methodist Church and many other similar groups.  Dr. Wayne McCown served as the General Editor of the Reflecting God Study Bible with assistance from Robert D. Branson(Old Testament editor), C. L. (Bud) Bence (New Testament Editor) and 20 other scholars who contributed to the commentary section.  This study bible also contains 15 pertinent essays portraying practical applications of the Wesleyan-Arminian theological perspective.  This study bible was declared out of print in approximately 2003 by Zondervan Publishing Company. God the Father is a title given to God in various religions, most prominently in Christianity.  In mainstream trinitarian Christianity, God the Father is regarded as the first person of the Trinity, followed by the second person God the Son (Jesus Christ) and the third person God the Holy Spirit.  Since the second century, Christian creeds included affirmation of belief in "God the Father (Almighty)", primarily as his capacity as "Father and creator of the universe".  Yet, in Christianity the concept of God as the father of Jesus Christ goes metaphysically further than the concept of God as the Creator and father of all people, as indicated in the Apostle's Creed where the expression of belief in the "Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth" is immediately, but separately followed by in "Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord", thus expressing both senses of fatherhood. Jehovah's Witnesses believe salvation is a gift from God attained by being part of "God's organization" and putting faith in Jesus' ransom sacrifice.  They do not believe in predestination or eternal security.  They believe in different forms of resurrection for two groups of Christians.  One group, the anointed, go to heaven while the other group, "the other sheep" or "the great crowd" will live forever on earth. Christian fundamentalism began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and American Protestants as a reaction to theological liberalism and cultural modernism.  Fundamentalists argued that 19th-century modernist theologians had misinterpreted or rejected certain doctrines, especially biblical inerrancy, that they viewed as the fundamentals of the Christian faith.  Fundamentalists are almost always described as having a literal interpretation of the Bible.  A few scholars regard Catholics who reject modern theology in favor of more traditional doctrines as fundamentalists.  Scholars debate how much the terms "evangelical" and "fundamentalist" are synonymous.  In keeping with traditional Christian doctrines concerning biblical interpretation, the role Jesus plays in the Bible, and the role of the church in society, fundamentalists usually believe in a core of Christian beliefs that include the historical accuracy of the Bible and all its events as well as the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. Religion in the Marshall Islands is as of 2009 dominated by major Christian faiths introduced by Western missionaries since around 1857.  Major religious groups in the Republic of the Marshall Islands are United Church of Christ (formerly Congregational) (51.5%), Assemblies of God (24.2%), Roman Catholic church (8.4%), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) (9.5%), Bukot Nan Jesus (also known as Assembly of God Part Two) (2.2%), Baptist (1.0%), Seventh-day Adventists (0.9%), Full Gospel (0.7%), Baha'i Faith (0.6%).  Persons without any religious affiliation account for a small percentage of the population.  The Jehovah's Witnesses are believed to have a few hundred practitioners.  There are fewer than 20 people of Jewish faith and fewer than 20 members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Charles Taze Russell (February 16, 1852 – October 31, 1916), or Pastor Russell, was an American early 20th century Christian restorationist minister from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and founder of what is now known as the Bible Student movement.  After his death, Jehovah's Witnesses and numerous independent Bible Student groups developed from this base. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that the Bible prohibits ingesting blood and that Christians should not accept blood transfusions or donate or store their own blood for transfusion.  The belief is based on an interpretation of scripture that differs from that of other Christian denominations.  It is one of the doctrines for which Jehovah's Witnesses are best known. Jehovah's Witnesses had its origins in the Bible Student movement, which developed in the United States in the 1870s among followers of Christian Restorationist minister Charles Taze Russell.  Bible Student missionaries were sent to England in 1881 and the first overseas branch was opened in London in 1900.  The group took on the name International Bible Students Association and by 1914 it was also active in Canada, Germany, Australia and other countries.  The movement split into several rival organizations after Russell's death in 1916, with one—led by Russell's successor, Joseph "Judge" Rutherford—retaining control of both his magazine, "The Watch Tower", and his legal and publishing corporation, the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania.
Answer: 1914