Question: Which opera premiered first, Julietta or La favorite?
Context: "For the opera by Donizetti, see La favorite.  For the stadium in Palermo, Italy, see La Favorita.  For the Canadian early music ensemble, see La Favoritte.  For the Brazilian soap opera, see A Favorita." In 1841, while Donizetti was in Paris waiting for the libretto to be completed for a commission by La Scala, he had a chance encounter with Gustave Vaëz, who had co-written the libretti for two of his earlier operas, "Lucie de Lammermoor" (the French version of "Lucia di Lammermoor") and "La favorite".  He asked Vaëz if he could provide a libretto for a short opera to keep him busy while waiting for the La Scala project to advance.  Vaëz quickly created "Deux hommes et une femme" ("Two Men and a Woman"), a comic piece in one act consisting of eight musical numbers connected by spoken dialogue.  According to Vaëz, Donizetti completed the score in eight days.  However, the Opéra-Comique rejected it and Donizetti then had the libretto translated into Italian for an intended performance at the Teatro del Fondo in Naples.  Following the death of the Teatro del Fondo's impresario, Domenico Barbaja, the Naples performance fell through.  The score, still unperformed, was found in Donizetti's effects when he died in 1848. Jérusalem is a grand opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi.  The libretto was to be an adaptation and partial translation of the composer's original 1843 Italian opera, "I Lombardi alla prima crociata".  It was the one opera which he regarded as the most suitable for being translated into French and, taking Eugène Scribe's advice, Verdi agreed that a French libretto was to be prepared by Alphonse Royer and Gustave Vaëz, who had written the libretto for Donizetti's most successful French opera, "La favorite".  The opera received its premiere performance at the Salle Le Peletier in Paris on 26 November 1847.  The maiden production was designed by Paul Lormier (costumes), Charles Séchan, Jules Diéterle and Édouard Desplechin (sets of Act I, Act II, scene 1, Act III scene 1, and Act IV), and Charles-Antoine Cambon and Joseph Thierry (sets for Act II, scene 2 and Act III, scene 2). Corrado Zambelli (3 June 1897 - 1 September 1974) was an Italian classical bass who had an active international singing career in operas and concerts from the 1920s through the 1950s.  He appears on several complete opera recordings, including "Otello" and "Carmen" for His Master's Voice; and "Ernani", "Il trovatore", "La favorite", and "La Gioconda" for Columbia Records. Julietta is an opera by Bohuslav Martinů, who also wrote the libretto, in French, based on the play "Juliette, ou La clé des songes (Juliette, or The Key of Dreams)" by the French author Georges Neveux.  A libretto in Czech was later prepared for its 1938 premiere, and it has become widely considered as Martinů's masterpiece. Francesco Dominici (1885–1968) was an Italian operatic tenor particularly admired for his acting in comedic roles.  He made his professional opera debut as Fernando in Donizetti's "La favorite" at the Teatro Donizetti in Bergamo in 1914.  He created the role of Prunier in the original 1917 production of Puccini's "La rondine" at the Grand Théâtre de Monte Carlo, a role which he performed at many other opera houses including the Teatro Comunale di Bologna.  Over the next several years he played mostly leading roles at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome including Rodolfo in Puccini's "La Bohème", Fenton in Verdi's "Falstaff", and the Ernesto in Donizetti's "Don Pasquale".  In the early 1920s he joined the roster at La Scala where he began playing more buffo roles than leading roles.  In 1921, he sang the role of doctor Cajus in Verdi's Falstaff at La Scala and in 1922 was Filipeto in the company's first production of Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari's "I quattro rusteghi".  In 1926 he created the role of Emperor Altoum in the original production of Puccini's "Turandot" at La Scala.  In 1929 he went on tour with La Scala to Germany.  Other roles that Dominici performed at La Scala include David in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg", Monostatos in Mozart's "The Magic Flute", and the Neipperg in Umberto Giordano's "Madame Sans-Gêne".  In 1931 he moved to Cuba, where he taught music for many years.  Dominici died in Havana in 1968. Jean-Nicolas-Gustave Van Nieuwen-Huysen (known as Gustave Vaëz) (6 December 1812 – 12 March 1862) was a Belgian playwright, librettist and translator of opera librettos.  Born in Brussels, he studied law and earned a doctorate at the State University of Leuven.  Since he had no desire to work as a lawyer, he devoted himself to a career as a playwright.  He published a large number of plays.  His first plays were staged from 1829 to 1834 in Brussels, which he left for Paris to work with librettist Alphonse Royer.  Operas where Vaëz was involved as a librettist and translator are "Lucia di Lammermoor" (1839), "La favorite" and "Rita, ou Le mari battu" by Gaetano Donizetti (1840), and "Jérusalem" by Giuseppe Verdi.  He died in Paris on 12 March 1862. Suzanna Guzmán (born in East Los Angeles, California) is an American mezzo-soprano and television host.  Currently she is the host of KCET's weekly series "Open Call".  As a singer she has performed with international and American Opera companies as a principal artist: La Traviata at the Metropolitan Opera, "La Favorite" in Montpellier, France, and "Goya" at the Spoleto Festival in Italy.  Known for her portrayal of the title role in Carmen for Houston Grand Opera's multimedia production (known as the "MTV "Carmen""), a role she has performed more than 200 times. La Favorite (The Favourite, sometimes referred to by its Italian title: La favorita) is a grand opera in four acts by Gaetano Donizetti to a French-language libretto by Alphonse Royer and Gustave Vaëz, based on the play "Le comte de Comminges" by Baculard d'Arnaud.  It premiered on December 2, 1840 at the Académie Royale de Musique (Salle Le Peletier) in Paris, France. Il burbero di buon cuore ("The Good-Hearted Curmudgeon") is an opera dramma giocoso in two acts by Vicente Martín y Soler.  The Italian libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte is based on the French comedy "Le bourru bienfaisant" by Carlo Goldoni.  The opera premiered on January 4, 1786 in Vienna at the Burgtheater with a cast that included three well known Viennese singers of the day: Nancy Storace as Angelica, Francesco Benucci as Ferramondo, and Maria Mandini as Marina.  The opera premiered in the same year and at the same house as Mozart's "Le nozze di Figaro", and both operas enjoyed revivals at the Burgtheater three years later — each boasting two new arias for new leading ladies.  The new arias for "Il burbero di buon cuore" (""Chi sa, chi sa, qual sia"" K. 582 in Act I and ""Vado, ma dove?""  K. 583 in Act II, both for Lucilla) were actually composed by Mozart, as Martín y Soler had left Vienna to work at the court of Catherine the Great in St. Petersburg.  The opera recently received its first modern revival in 2007 at the Teatro Real in Madrid, a performance which was videotaped live and released on DVD in 2009.
Answer: La Favorite