Question: The National Space Olympiad is conducted in remembrance of an astronaut  who first flew to space in what year ?
Context: The National Space Olympiad (NSO) is a science competition conducted in India.  The competition is conducted at the Department of Physics, Cochin University of science and Technology.  Students from class 8 to class 10 can participate in the competition.  The National Space Olympiad is conducted in remembrance of Indian astronaut Kalpana Chawla.  All students participating in NSO are given a Certificate of Participation. The Lviv Centre of Institute for Space Research (LC ISR) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and National Space Agency of Ukraine was formed in 1996 at the basis of Special Design Bureau of Karpenko Institute for Physics and Mechanics of NASU (involved into space research since 1968) as a scientific experimental division of Institute for Space Research of Ukraine.  At the same time it became subordinated to both National Academy of Sciences and National Space Agency of Ukraine. Kalpana Chawla (March 17, 1962 – February 1, 2003) was an American astronaut and the first woman of Indian origin in space.  She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator.  In 2003, Chawla was one of the seven crew members who died in the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster when the craft disintegrated during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.  Chawla is a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. International Space Olympiad (ISO) is an international level Quiz competition on space science and technology for students of Grades 5-12 and is organized by Edu Mithra Intellectual services Pvt. Ltd., every year with a mission to attract and encourage talents in the fields of space science and technology and enhance the aptitude of children in space science. The National Space Institute was a space advocacy group, the first of its kind, established by Dr. Wernher von Braun to help maintain the public's support for the United States space program.  It has since merged, in 1987, with the L5 Society founded by fans of the Space Colonization and Industrialization work of Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill, to become the present-day National Space Society. The Piper PA-8 Skycycle was a 1940s American single-seat light aircraft designed and built by Piper Aircraft at their Lock Haven, Pennsylvania plant.  Towards the end of 1944 Piper announced a number of aircraft it intended to build after the war.  One of these was the PWA-8 (Post War Airplane 8).  An aerodynamic test aircraft was built with the name Cub Cycle and it first flew on 27 August 1944 with a small two cylinder Franklin engine.  The Franklin engine was replaced by a 37 hp Continental A-40-3 and the aircraft first flew with the Continental engine on 12 September 1944.  The Skycycle was a fabric-covered mid-wing single-engined single-seat monoplane with a tailwheel landing gear.  The fuselage was produced using a belly fuel tank as used on the F4U Corsair.  The Cub Cycle was scrapped and a similar but new aircraft was built with the name Skycycle.  The Skycycle first flew on 29 January 1945 using the same Continental engine as the Cub Cycle.  The aircraft was further modified in 1945 with a 55 hp Lycoming O-145-A2 engine and designated the PA-8 Skycycle.  No further examples were built. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China.  It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities.  CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.  It is a subordinate agency of the State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence (SASTIND), itself a subordinate agency of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). Ronald John Garan Jr. (born October 30, 1961) is a NASA astronaut.  After graduating from State University of New York College at Oneonta in 1982, he joined the Air Force, becoming a Second Lieutenant in 1984.  He became an F-16 pilot, and flew combat missions in Desert Shield and Desert Storm.  Before becoming an astronaut he was the Operations Officer of the 40th Flight Test Squadron (FTS).  He first flew in space as a Mission Specialist on the STS-124 mission to the International Space Station (ISS).  He returned to ISS on April 4, 2011 for a six-month stay as a member of Expedition 27. The International Space Development Conference (ISDC) is the annual conference of the National Space Society (NSS).  Now in its 33rd year, these conferences connect the general public and the NSS membership with leaders of contemporary space efforts.  The ISDC provides a nexus for industry, government, scientists, advocates, and the public to meet and discuss the latest issues in space technology, science, policy, commerce, medicine, exploration, settlement and much more.  Winners of the annual NASA space settlement Contest annually attend the conference, with several interesting activities and programs.  With National Space Society's major goal being to accelerate the process of space exploration and development they also foster astronautics for students by encouraging them and getting them involved. The National Space Development Agency (宇宙開発事業団 , Uchū Kaihatsu Jigyōdan ) of Japan, or NASDA, was a Japanese national space agency established on October 1, 1969 under the National Space Development Agency Law only for peaceful purposes.  Based on the Space Development Program enacted by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), NASDA was responsible for developing satellites and launch vehicles as well as launching and tracking them.
Answer: 1997