Question: The People's Political Party, (PPP) was Jamaica's first modern political party, formed in September 1929 by Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr., was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially which location?
Context: The 2007 Thai general elections were held on 23 December.  This was the first legislative election after the Council for National Security, a military junta, had overthrown Thailand's elected government and abrogated the constitution on September 19, 2006.  The junta had canceled general elections scheduled for October 2006 and promised new elections within 12 months.  The Constitutional Tribunal then outlawed the Thai Rak Thai party, the largest political party in Thailand, and banned TRT executives from contesting in the elections for five years.  After their political party had been dissolved, the former TRT members regrouped under the band of People's Power Party (PPP) led by Samak Sundaravej, the seasoned politician.  Following its formation, the junta issued a classified order to suppress the activities of the PPP and to frame it for lèse majesté.  The order was leaked to the public, leading to a complaint towards the Election Commission from the PPP.  However, the Election Commission dismissed the complaint on the grounds that the Council for National Security (CNS) had granted itself immunity in the 2007 Constitution of Thailand. Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr., ONH (17 August 188710 June 1940), was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially the United States.  He was a leader of a mass movement called Pan-Africanism and he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL).  He also founded the Black Star Line, a shipping and passenger line which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands.  Although most American Black leaders condemned his methods and his support for racial segregation, Garvey attracted a large following.  The Black Star Line went bankrupt and Garvey was imprisoned for mail fraud in the selling of its stock.  His movement then rapidly collapsed. The Democratic Renewal Party (Indonesian: "Partai Demokrasi Pembaruan" (PDP)) is a political party in Indonesia.  It was established in 2005 by former members of the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (PDI-P) who were once close aides of party leader Megawati Sukarnoputri.  Following the 2005 PDI-P congress, differences appeared over the nature of democratic methods within the party.  A group of people, including Petrus Selestinus, took the view that although the PDI-P was a modern political party, it still used the old authoritarian methods such as giving absolute prerogative rights to the party chairman and having only one candidate for senior positions.  This group then established the Democratic Renewal Party.  Unlike the PDI-P, it has a system of collective leadership, with 35 people forming the national leadership. The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (Amharic: : Yethiopia Hizbawi Abyotawi Party), also referred to as Ihapa or the EPRP, is the first modern political party in Ethiopia, established in April 1972 (the founding congress was held from April 2 – April 9).  Its first political program called for the overthrow of the monarchy, the removal of the feudal system, and the creation of a democratic republic.  The party was forced into clandestinity because the monarchy, headed by Emperor Haile Selassie, did not allow political parties or legal dissent. Wentworth Arthur Matthew (June 23, 1892 – December 1973), a West Indian immigrant to New York City, was the founder in 1919 of the Commandment Keepers of the Living God, a Black Hebrew congregation.  It was influenced by the pan-Africanism and black nationalism of Marcus Garvey from Jamaica.  Matthew developed his congregation along Jewish lines of observance and the theory that they were returning to Judaism as the true Hebrews.  He incorporated in 1930 and moved the congregation to Brooklyn.  There he founded the Israelite Rabbinical Academy, teaching and ordaining African-American rabbis.  His theory of Black Hebrews was generally not accepted in that period by European-American Jews of the Orthodox and Conservative communities. Garveyism is an aspect of black nationalism that refers to the economic, and political policies of UNIA-ACL founder Marcus Garvey.  At the movement's peak of popularity, followers of Garveyism, known as "Garveyites", numbered in the millions, with almost a thousand local divisions in the United States, the Caribbean, Central America, Canada and Africa.  The ideology of Garveyism centers on the unification and empowerment of African-American men, women and children under the banner of their collective African descent, and the repatriation of African slave descendants and profits to the African continent.  Garvey was fought by the African-American establishment in the U.S.  An investigation by the Justice Department, directed by J. Edgar Hoover, led to Garvey's arrest on charges of mail fraud in January 1922, and his projects collapsed. The Communist Party of Jamaica was a political party in Jamaica, founded in 1975.  At the time of the foundation of the party, when the 'Preparatory Committee for a Communist Party of Jamaica' was formed, the Workers Liberation League decided to stay out of it.  Instead, the WLL founded the Workers Party of Jamaica (another communist party) three years later.  The two parties existed parallel to each other, but the WPJ was larger than the CPJ. Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai (Mongolian: Лувсаннамсрайн Оюун-Эрдэнэ ) is one of the young political leaders of Mongolia.  His career was started as the Head of the Secretariat of the Governor of Berkh, Khentii, his hometown when he was only 21 years old.  Then he was recruited by World Vision Mongolia as the team leader of the Area Development Program (ADP) in Khentii province.  Eventually he was promoted to become the Zonal Director of the organization.  Since 2009 he has held senior leadership positions such as the Head of the Secretariat of the Governor, the Secretary and acting Secretary General of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), the oldest political party of Mongolia.  Between 2010-2014 he served as the President of the Social Democracy Mongolian Youth Federation, the largest political youth organization of Mongolia.  He is considered as one of the major leaders of the Party as he led the Mongolian People's Party reform to become a modern political party.  He initiated the “Development Agenda-6” Party platform in 2009 and stood firm on his position to remove the word “revolutionary” from the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party's name. The Marcus Garvey People's Political Party (formerly known as the Marcus Garvey People's Progressive Party) is a political party in Jamaica formed by the merger of two minor parties.  The ideology associated with the party is socialist, republican and Pan-Africanist.  The party is named after Jamaican National Hero, Marcus Garvey.  On election ballots, the party campaign as MG/PPP or simply PPP. The People's Political Party (also known as the PPP) was Jamaica's first modern political party.  Formed in September 1929 by Marcus Garvey, it set out a 14 point manifesto - the first of its kind in the island's electoral history.  The points contained in the PPP's manifesto were far-reaching and perceptive as illustrated by a few of them, such as:
Answer: United States