Question: The Afro-American religion of Caribbean, Santería, developed where? 
Context: Santería, also known as Regla de Ochá, La Regla de Ifá, or Lucumi, is an Afro-American religion of Caribbean origin that developed in the Spanish Empire among West African descendants.  "Santeria" is a Spanish word that means the "worship of saints".  Santería is influenced by and syncretized with Roman Catholicism.  Its sacred language, a variety of Yoruba, is the Lucumí language. The Yoruba religion, comprising the traditional religious concepts and practices of the Yoruba people, is found primarily in southwestern Nigeria and the adjoining parts of Benin, and Togo, commonly known as Yorubaland.  Yoruba religion is ancestral or partially ancestral to the Afro-American religions Santería, Trinidad Orisha, Umbanda, Brujería, Hoodoo, Candomblé, Quimbanda, Orisha, Xangô de Recife, Xangô do Nordeste, Comfa, Espiritismo, Santo Daime, Candomblé, Abakuá, Kumina, Winti, Sanse, Cuban Vodú, Dominican Vudú, Louisiana Voodoo, Haitian Vodou, and Vodun.  Yoruba religious beliefs are part of "itan", the complex cultural concepts which make up the Yoruba society. The Religion is a horror novel written in 1982 by Nicholas Conde.  It explores the ritual sacrifice of children to appease the pantheon of voodoo deities, through the currently used practice of Santería.  This is by no mean accurate, as the practice of Santería has never practiced nor condoned the sacrifice of humans, much less children, but the novel depicts the various deities and personas commonly seen in Santería, and it attempts to explain the connection and differences between Santería(white magic)and Brujeria (black magic).  In an essence, the novel shows that there is a difference between Santeria and Brujeria, in which Brujeria is the evil force in the novel, where as Santeria is a force for good . The Spiritual Baptist (or Shouter Baptist) faith is a syncretic Afro-American religion that combines elements of traditional African religion with Christianity.  Despite the African influences, Spiritual Baptists consider themselves to be Christians. Harold Courlander (September 18, 1908 – March 15, 1996) was an American novelist, folklorist, and anthropologist, an expert in the study of Haitian life.  The author of 35 books and plays and numerous scholarly articles, Courlander specialized in the study of African, Caribbean, Afro-American (U.S.), and Native American cultures.  He took a special interest in oral literature, cults, and Afro-American cultural connections with Africa. Obeah (sometimes spelled "Obi", "Obeah", or "Obia") is a term used by the Igbo tribe in Nigeria and in the West Indies to refer to sorcery and religious practices developed among enslaved West Africans of Igbo origin.  Obeah is similar to other Afro-American religions such as Palo, Haitian Vodou, Santería, and Hoodoo.  Obeah is practiced in The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, The Virgin Islands, and other Caribbean nations. Cowrie-shell divination refers to several distinct forms of divination using cowrie shells that are part of the rituals and religious beliefs of certain religions.  Though best-documented in West Africa as well as in Afro-American religions, such as Santería, Candomblé, and Umbanda, cowrie-shell divination has also been recorded in other regions, notably East Africa and India. Osun (Ozun) is a major Orichá (manifestation of a god) in the Santería religion of the Caribbean(Cuba and Trinidad) brought over by West African slaves during the transatlantic slave trade.  Traditionally, Osun is a to the other Orichás, and he protects the orí (head) of Santería practitioners.  He is syncretized with Saint John the Baptist (Elijah, Ilesha, Ilungu) by the fact that out of vodun he came forth to know and accept Ethiopian Christianity and Jesus as one greater than he, hence the book of John.  The same book that spurred a memorable apocalyptic movie entitled, "The Book of Eli".  The Strong's Hebrew Concordance lists #7564 as " Rishah" meaning wickedness. "Babalú" is a Cuban popular afro song written by Margarita Lecuona, the cousin of composers Ernestina and Ernesto Lecuona.  The song title is a reference to the Santería deity Babalú Ayé. Trinidad Orisha, also known as Shango, is a syncretic religion in Trinidad and Tobago and is of Caribbean origin, originally from West Africa (Yoruba religion) and influenced by Roman Catholicism.  Trinidad Orisha incorporates elements of Spiritual Baptism, and the closeness between Orisha and Spiritual Baptism has led to use of the term "Shango Baptist" to refer to members of either or both religions.  Anthropologist James Houk described Trinidad Orisha as an "Afro-American religious complex", incorporating elements mainly of traditional African religion and Yoruba and incorporates some elements of Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism), Hinduism, Islam (especially Sufism), Buddhism, Judaism, Bahá'í, and Trinidad Kabbalah.
Answer: the Spanish Empire