Question: Spanish Mastiff and Standard Schnauzer are examples of breeds of what type of animal?
Context: Herding Group is the name of a breed group of dogs, used by kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds.  It does not refer to one particular type of dog.  How the "Herding Group" is defined varies among kennel clubs, and different kennel clubs may not include the same breeds in their "Herding Group".  Some kennel clubs do not use the term "Herding Group".  The international kennel club association, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, does not have a "Herding Group", and includes most pastoral dogs in Group 1 "Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs)" and Group 2 "Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid Breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs". The German Pinscher (original name Deutscher Pinscher, FCI No. 184) is a medium-sized breed of dog, a Pinscher type that originated in Germany.  The breed is included in the origins of the Dobermann, the Rottweiler, the Miniature Pinscher, the Affenpinscher, the Standard Schnauzer (and, by extension, the Miniature Schnauzer and Giant Schnauzer).  The breed is rising in numbers in the U.S., mainly due to their full acceptance to AKC in 2003.  In Australia, the breed is established with a rise in popularity becoming evident. The chizer is a mixed dog breed originating in the United States of America.  Chizers are a mix of the Chihuahua and the miniature schnauzer.  This breed is NOT recognized by the American Kennel Club.  The chizer has a combination of looks from both breeds of dogs, and can vary depending upon the breakdown of the breed.  General sizes of a chizer range between 6-14 inches in height and approximately 4-15-lbs in weight.  The chizer is a small breed dog, and works great in smaller areas, such as apartments, condos, and townhomes.  The chizer comes in a typical variety of colours, usually grey, black, brown or white.  This breed has a smooth, short haired coat that needs constant grooming, trimming around the eyes, ears and nose.  They are usually low to average shedding dogs, and typically most groomers leave their facial hair to mimic a schnauzer beard.  The ears of a chizer are medium in length and can stand erect when at attention, and their tail is usually docked.  The chizer can have either an apple shaped head, or round head, with either a long or short snout, giving it either the appearance of a Chihuahua or Miniature Schnauzer.  The body of the chizer is generally long and lean, with slender legs, and a square, robust back end.  This back end tends to make the dog sturdier, and gives them surprising jumping abilities to reach great heights. The Miniature Schnauzer is a breed of small dog of the Schnauzer type that originated in Germany in the mid-to-late 19th century.  Miniature Schnauzers developed from crosses between the Standard Schnauzer and one or more smaller breeds such as the Poodle and Affenpinscher, as farmers bred a small dog that was an efficient ratting dog.  They are described as "spunky" but aloof dogs, with good guarding tendencies without some guard dogs' predisposition to bite.  Miniature Schnauzers are recognized in three colors internationally: solid black, black and silver, and a color known as 'salt and pepper'.  There is a controversial fourth color variant in Miniature Schnauzers, pure white, which is not recognized universally. The English Mastiff is a breed of extremely large dog (often known simply as the Mastiff) perhaps descended from the ancient Alaunt and Pugnaces Britanniae, with a significant input from the Alpine Mastiff in the 19th century.  Distinguishable by enormous size, massive head, and a limited range of colours, but always displaying a black mask, the Mastiff is noted for its gentle and loving nature.  The lineage of modern dogs can be traced back to the early 19th century, but the modern type was stabilised in the 1880s and refined since.  Following a period of sharp decline, the Mastiff has increased its worldwide popularity.  Throughout its history, the Mastiff has contributed to the development of a number of dog breeds, some generally known as Mastiff-type dogs, or, confusingly, just as "Mastiffs". Mastiff type means a large molosser dog.  The term "mastiff type" has been used synonymously with the term "molosser".  For example, the bulldog breeds, the Great Dane, the mountain dogs, the pit bulls and even smaller dogs such as the Boston terrier, may be considered "mastiff types" in this broad sense.  The descriptive term, mastiff type, should not be confused with the breed, the Mastiff.  All breeds are individual and should be referred to by their breed name to ensure correct identification. The Standard Schnauzer is a dog breed that originated in Germany in the 15th and 16th centuries.  The literal translation is "snouter" from the German word for "snout" and means colloquially "moustache", because of the dog's distinctively bearded snout.  Although the schnauzer is considered a terrier-type dog, they do not have the typical terrier temperament. Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources is a strategy wherein samples of animal genetic materials are preserved cryogenically.  Animal genetic resources, as defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, are "those animal species that are used, or may be used, for the production of food and agriculture, and the populations within each of them.  These populations within each species can be classified as wild and feral populations, landraces and primary populations, standardised breeds, selected lines, varieties, strains and any conserved genetic material; all of which are currently categorized as Breeds."  Genetic materials that are typically cryogenically preserved include sperm, oocytes, embryos and somatic cells.  Cryogenic facilities are called gene banks and can vary greatly in size usually according to the economic resources available.  They must be able to facilitate germplasm collection, processing, freezing, and long term storage, all in a hygienic and organized manner.  Gene banks must maintain a precise database and make information and genetic resources accessible to properly facilitate cryoconservation.  Cryoconservation is an "ex situ" conservation strategy that often coexists alongside "in situ" conservation to protect and preserve livestock genetics.  Cryoconservation of livestock genetic resources is primarily done in order to preserve the genetics of populations of interest, such as indigenous breeds, also known as local or minor breeds.  Material may be stored because individuals shared specific genes and phenotypes that may be of value or have potential value for researchers or breeders.  Therefore, one of the main goals remains preserving the gene pool of local breeds that may be threatened.  Indigenous livestock genetics are commonly threatened by factors such as globalization, modernization, changes in production systems, inappropriate introduction of major breeds, genetic drift, inbreeding, crossbreeding, climate change, natural disasters, disease, cultural changes, and urbanization.  Indigenous livestock are critical to sustainable agricultural development and food security, due to their: adaptation to environment and endemic diseases, indispensable part in local production systems, social and cultural significance, and importance to local rural economies.  The genetic resources of minor breeds have value to the local farmers, consumers of the products, private companies and investors interested in crossbreeding, breed associations, governments, those conducting research and development, and non-governmental organizations.  Therefore, efforts have been made by national governments and non-governmental organizations, such as the Livestock Conservancy, to encourage conservation of livestock genetics through cryoconservation, as well as through other "ex situ" and "in situ" strategies.  Cryogenic specimens of livestock genetic resources can be preserved and used for extended periods of time.  This advantage makes cryoconservation beneficial particularly for threatened breeds who have low breed populations.  Cryogenically preserved specimens can be used to revive breeds that are endangered or extinct, for breed improvement, crossbreeding, research and development.  However, cryoconservation can be an expensive strategy and requires long term hygienic and economic commitment for germplasms to remain viable.  Cryoconservation can also face unique challenges based on the species, as some species have a reduced survival rate of frozen germplasm. The Giant Schnauzer is a working breed of dog developed in the 17th century in Germany.  It is the largest of the three breeds of Schnauzerthe other two breeds being the Standard Schnauzer and the Miniature Schnauzer.  Numerous breeds were used in its development, including the black Great Dane, the Bouvier des Flandres, and the German Pinscher.  Originally bred to assist on farms by driving livestock to market and guarding the farmer's property, the breed eventually moved into the city, where it worked guarding breweries, butchers' shops, stockyards and factories.  It was unknown outside of Bavaria until it became popular as a military dog during World War I and World War II. The Mastín Español or Spanish Mastiff, is a giant breed of dog, originating in Spain, originally bred to be a guard dog whose specialized purpose is to be a Livestock guardian dog protecting flocks (and occasionally herds) from wolves and other predators.  The Mountain dog type has a heavier coat.
Answer: dog