Question: The common stored value ticket was replaced by a contactless smart card that lead to the development of what in London?
Context: The Octopus card () is a reusable contactless stored value smart card for making electronic payments in online or offline systems in Hong Kong.  Launched in September 1997 to collect fares for the territory's mass transit system, the Octopus card system is the second contactless smart card system in the world, after the Korean Upass, and has since grown into a widely used payment system for all public transport in Hong Kong, leading to the development of Oyster Card in London. Nagasaki Smart Card (長崎スマートカード , Nagasaki Sumāto Kādo ) is a contactless smart card system used in Nagasaki, Japan.  Its operators are Nagasaki Electric Tramway and six bus companies, namely, Nagasaki Bus, Nagasaki Prefectural Bus, Saihi Bus, Saikai Kōtsū, Sasebo Municipal Bus, and Shimatetsu Bus.  The system uses Sony FeliCa technology, the same as that used in the Octopus card in Hong Kong, EZ-Link in Singapore and Suica on JR East. The Breeze Card is a stored value smart card that passengers use as part of an automated fare collection system which the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) introduced to the general public in early October 2006.  The card automatically debits the cost of the passenger’s ride when placed on or near the Breeze Target at the fare gate.  Transit riders are able to add value or time-based passes to the card at Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) located at all MARTA stations.  The major phases of MARTA's Breeze transformation took place before July 1, 2007 when customers were still able to purchase TransCards from ridestores or their employers.  They were also able to obtain paper transfers from bus drivers to access the train.  As of July 1, 2007 the TransCard and the paper transfers were discontinued and patrons now use a Breeze Card or ticket to access the system (except for single bus rides, which can still be paid for in exact change), and all transfers are loaded on the card.  Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) distribute regional transit provider passes (providing that the requested system has completed their transformation to the Universal Breeze AFC.)  The Breeze Card employs passive RFID technology currently in use in many transit systems around the world. A common stored value ticket was a plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999.  It was also used on Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services.  The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999.  The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single-journey and souvenir tickets. A contactless smart card is a contactless 13.56-MHz credential whose dimensions are credit-card size.  Its embedded integrated circuits can store and sometimes process data and communicate with a terminal via radio waves.  There are two broad categories of contactless smart cards.  Memory cards contain non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic.  Contactless smart cards do contain read-only RFID called CSN (Card Serial Number) or UID, and a re-writeable smart card microchip that can be transcribed via radio waves. The ORCA ("One Regional Card for All") card is a contactless, stored value smart card used for payment of public transport fares in the Puget Sound region of Washington state, United States.  ORCA was introduced on a limited basis on April 20, 2009, with a full public launch in June 2009.  As of March 2016, an adult ORCA card costs $5, one of the highest prices for a public transportation smart card in the United States. NicePass (ナイスパス , Naisupasu ) is a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transport in Hamamatsu, Japan, introduced by Enshū Railway (Entetsu) group, from August 20, 2004, succeeding the previous ET Card, a magnetic prepaid card.  The name is an acronym of New Intelligence Card of Entetsu Personal and Smart System.  Just like JR East's Suica or JR West's ICOCA, the card uses RFID technology developed by Sony corporation known as FeliCa.  This was the first smart card in Japan that is usable for both railway lines and bus lines. Waon (ワオン ) is a Japanese electronic money system introduced by ÆON in April 2007.  It is a rechargeable contactless smart card.  Like many other smart card systems in Japan, it uses RFID technology developed by Sony known as FeliCa.  Its name comes from "waon" (和音 ) , meaning chord.  The card's official mascot is a white dog.  The card reader makes a "waon" sound upon successful transaction, a Japanese onomatopoeia for dog barks. IC e-card (ICい～カード , Aishī ī-kādo ) is a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transport by Iyo Railway (Iyotetsu) in Matsuyama, Japan.  The card was introduced from August 23, 2005, succeeding the previous e-card, a magnetic prepaid card.  This is the first smart card system by Japanese transportation operators with Osaifu-Keitai mobile payment service (Mobile FeliCa), preceding that of Mobile Suica. The EZ-Link card is a contactless smart card based on the Sony FeliCa smart card technology and used for the payment of public transportation fares in Singapore, with limited use in the small payments retail sector.  Established in 2001, it was promoted as the means for speedier boarding times on buses.  It had a monopoly on public transportation fare payments in Singapore until September 2009, when the NETS FlashPay card, which had a monopoly over Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) toll payments, entered the market for transportation payments (and vice versa).  EZ-Link cards are sold, distributed and managed by EZ-Link Pte. Ltd., a subsidiary of Singapore's Land Transport Authority.  In September 2009, the new CEPAS EZ-Link card replaced the original EZ-Link card.
Answer: Oyster Card