Question: The great film director Stanley Kubrick adapted 2001: A Space Odyssey for the screen from the novel by which author?
Context: 2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 epic science-fiction film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick.  The screenplay was written by Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke, partially inspired by Clarke's short story "The Sentinel".  Clarke concurrently wrote the novel "", published soon after the film was released.  The film follows a voyage to Jupiter with the sentient computer Hal after the discovery of a mysterious black monolith affecting human evolution.  It deals with the themes of existentialism, human evolution, technology, artificial intelligence, and extraterrestrial life.  It is noted for its scientifically accurate depiction of space flight, pioneering special effects, and ambiguous imagery.  It uses sound and minimal dialogue in place of traditional narrative techniques; the soundtrack consists of classical music such as "Also sprach Zarathustra", "The Blue Danube", and pieces from then-living composers Aram Khachaturian and György Ligeti. Stanley Kubrick's Boxes is a 2008 documentary film directed by Jon Ronson about the film director Stanley Kubrick.  Ronson's intent was not to create a biography of the filmmaker but rather to understand Kubrick by studying the director's vast personal collection of memorabilia related to his feature films.  The documentary came about in 1998 when Ronson received a request from Kubrick's estate for a copy of a documentary Ronson made about the Holocaust (Ronson was unaware that it was Kubrick who was asking for the film until months later).  A year later, as Ronson was making plans to conduct a rare interview with the director, Kubrick suddenly died after completing work on his final film "Eyes Wide Shut".  To his surprise, Ronson was invited to Kubrick's house by his widow.  When he arrived, he found that half the house was filled by more than one thousand boxes containing snap shots, newspaper clippings, film out-takes, notes, and fan letters which the director used for research towards each of his films. The Stanley Kubrick Archive is held by the University of the Arts London in their Archives and Special Collection Centre at the London College of Communication.  The Archive opened in October 2007 and contains material collected and owned by the film director Stanley Kubrick (1928–1999).  It was transferred from his home in 2007 through a gift by his family.  It contains much of Kubrick's working material that was accumulated during his lifetime. Anthony Edward Frewin (born 1947, in Kentish Town, London) is a writer and erstwhile personal assistant to film director Stanley Kubrick (from 1965 to 1968, and from 1979 to 1999).  Frewin now represents the Stanley Kubrick Estate.  His novel "London Blues" has been described as "masterful". Dark Side of the Moon is a French mockumentary by director William Karel which originally aired on Arte in 2002 with the title Opération Lune.  The basic premise for the film is the theory that the television footage from the Apollo 11 Moon landing was faked and recorded in a studio by the CIA with help from director Stanley Kubrick.  It features some surprising guest appearances, most notably by Donald Rumsfeld, Dr. Henry Kissinger, Alexander Haig, Vernon Walters, Buzz Aldrin and Stanley Kubrick's widow, Christiane Kubrick. Stanley Kubrick ( ; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer, editor, and photographer.  He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.  His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music. 2001: A Space Odyssey is a science-fiction narrative, produced in 1968 as both a , written by Arthur C. Clarke, and a , directed by Stanley Kubrick.  It is a part of Clarke's "Space Odyssey" series.  Both the novel and the film are partially based on Clarke's short story "The Sentinel", written in 1948 as an entry in a BBC short story competition, and "Encounter in the Dawn", published in 1953 in the magazine "Amazing Stories". S is for Stanley (Italian: "S Is for Stanley - Trent'anni dietro al volante per Stanley Kubrick" ) is a 2016 Italian documentary film co-written and directed by Alex Infascelli.  It depicts the relationship between celebrated director Stanley Kubrick and his personal chauffeur and assistant, Emilio D'Alessandro.  It was produced by Kinethica and Lock And Valentine.  It is based on D'Alessandro's autobiography "Stanley Kubrick and Me". 2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 science fiction novel by British writer Arthur C. Clarke.  It was developed concurrently with Stanley Kubrick's and published after the release of the film.  Clarke and Kubrick worked on the book together, but eventually only Clarke ended up as the official author.  The story is based in part on various short stories by Clarke, including The Sentinel (written in 1948 for a BBC competition, but first published in 1951 under the title "Sentinel of Eternity").  By 1992, the novel had sold three million copies worldwide.  An elaboration of Clarke and Kubrick's collaborative work on this project was made in "The Lost Worlds of 2001". 2001: A Space Odyssey was the name of an American oversized comic book adaptation of the 1968 as well as a monthly series, lasting ten issues, which expanded upon the concepts presented in the Stanley Kubrick film and the novel by Arthur C. Clarke.  Jack Kirby wrote and pencilled both the adaptation and the series, which were published by Marvel Comics beginning in 1976.  The adaptation was part of the agreement of Kirby's return to Marvel.
Answer: Arthur C. Clarke