Question: Jimmie Nicol temporarily replaced which drummer during a series of concerts in 1964?
Context: Oasis were an English rock band from Manchester.  Formed in 1991, the group originally featured Gallagher brothers Liam (lead vocals) and Noel (guitar, vocals), as well as guitarist and keyboardist Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs, bassist Paul "Guigsy" McGuigan and drummer Tony McCarroll.  After signing to Creation Records in 1993, the band released their debut album "Definitely Maybe" in 1994, which topped the UK Albums Chart and went on to sell over 15 million copies worldwide.  In April 1995, after the recording and release of the single "Some Might Say", McCarroll was fired from Oasis.  He was replaced by Alan White, who performed on the band's second album "(What's the Story) Morning Glory? ", released in 1995.  McGuigan briefly left the band during a tour in September 1995 and was temporarily replaced by Scott McLeod, although he returned a few weeks later.  The band's third album "Be Here Now" was released in 1997, following the previous two releases by topping the UK Albums Chart. Megadeth is an American thrash metal band formed by guitarist/vocalist Dave Mustaine—after he departed from Metallica—along with bassist David Ellefson, guitarist Greg Handevidt, and drummer Dijon Carruthers, in 1983.  Early in 1984, Megadeth recorded a demo that featured new drummer Lee Rausch, who replaced Carruthers.  Slayer guitarist Kerry King covered live dates while a permanent replacement was sought.  This lineup was short-lived and after a few shows in 1984, Lee Rausch was replaced by jazz fusion drummer Gar Samuelson, in addition to the second guitarist Chris Poland.  During the Megadeth's 1985 tour promoting their debut, "Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good! ", Poland left the band and was temporarily replaced by Mike Albert.  Poland then rejoined Megadeth in October of the same year, shortly before they began work on "Peace Sells... but Who's Buying? ".  After years of problems stemming from substance abuse, Mustaine fired both Poland and Samuelson before recording the third album "So Far, So Good... So What! "; being replaced by Jeff Young and Chuck Behler, respectively. The following list details musicians who have been and still are members of the American band Bad Company since its formation in 1973.  The band's current lineup includes original members Simon Kirke (drums), Mick Ralphs (guitar) and Paul Rodgers (lead vocals) joined by latter members Howard Leese (guitar, formerly of Heart) and Todd Ronning (bass guitar).  The band has gone through many lineup changes throughout its career.  The only member to appear in every lineup is drummer Simon Kirke.  He is the only member of the band to have performed at every Bad Company concert and to appear on every album.  Mick Ralphs is currently still a part of the band but is being temporarily replaced by former Black Crowes guitarist Rich Robinson for the bands 2016 United States tour.  While still officially a member of the band in 1990-1991, Ralphs also sat out most of their Holy Water tour.  This time he was temporarily replaced by Geoff Whitehorn. The Happy End was a band formed by Mat Fox in 1983.  The group was a 'big band' in format and had a playing membership of 20 people plus a lead singer.  Inspired by the music of Kurt Weill, Hanns Eisler and Charlie Haden, the band reflected the political landscape of London and the United Kingdom throughout the Thatcher years.  Conceived in the squats of Bonnington Square and Vauxhall Grove, The Happy End grew to accommodate up to 24 musicians.  The original singer Sarah Jane Morris left in 1988 to work with the Communards and Pere Ubu, and pursue a solo career.  She was temporarily replaced by actor and singer Denise Black.  At the end of 1988 singer Bernadette Keeffe joined permanently and remained with the band until the final concert.  Bass player Danny Manners went on to work with Louis Philippe, Sandy Dillon and Cathal Coughlan, and later joined Big Big Train.  They became a regular feature at anti-establishment gatherings of the 1980s.  They played over 150 benefit concerts for the miners during the events which originated with the 1984 strike.  The band played its last official concert in May 2000 for the first Mayoral and London Assembly elections. 999 are an English punk rock band, formed in London in December, 1976.  From the period of 1976 to 1985, the line-up of 999 consisted of Nick Cash (vocals, guitar), Guy Days (lead guitar), Jon Watson (bass guitar) and Pablo LaBrittain (drums).  (As a result of injuries sustained in a motor accident, LaBrittain was temporarily replaced by drummer Ed Case aka Paul Edwards in 1980.)  Jon Watson left the band in 1985; being replaced by Danny Palmer, who remained with the band until 1991.  Palmer was replaced by Arturo Bassick, who remains the bass guitarist with 999 to this date. James George Nicol (born 3 August 1939), better known as Jimmie Nicol or Jimmy Nicol, is a British drummer and business entrepreneur.  He is best known for temporarily replacing Ringo Starr in The Beatles for a series of concerts during the height of Beatlemania in 1964, elevating him from relative obscurity to worldwide fame and then back again in the space of a fortnight.  Nicol had hoped that his association with The Beatles would greatly boost his career, but instead found that the spotlight moved away from him once Starr returned to the group.  His subsequent lack of commercial success led him into bankruptcy in 1965.  After then working with a number of different bands, including a successful stint with The Spotnicks, he left the music business in 1967 to pursue a variety of entrepreneurial ventures.  Over the decades, Nicol has increasingly shied away from media attention, preferring not to discuss his connection to The Beatles nor seek financial gain from it.  He has a son, Howard, who is a BAFTA award-winning sound engineer. "Reckless" (aka "Reckless (Don't Be So)", "Reckless (Don't You Be So)", "She Don't Like That") was a 1983 song from the EP "Semantics" by iconic Australian surf rock band Australian Crawl.  The song showed a change in the line up of the band as drummer Bill McDonough was temporarily replaced by Graham Bidstrup (also on keyboards).  After the EP was released, Bidstrup was replaced by John Watson (drums). Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes is the seventh studio album by the American punk rock band Social Distortion, released on January 18, 2011.  It is the band's first album recorded with bassist Brent Harding, their first album of new material since 2004's "Sex, Love and Rock 'n' Roll", and their first release on Epitaph Records.  Work on the album began in 2006 and it was originally forecast for a 2007 release, but was pushed back several times while the band continued touring and writing new material.  After four years of writing, Social Distortion recorded the album from February to July 2010 at Ocean Studios in Burbank, California.  Drummer Atom Willard left the group during the recording sessions in favor of his other band, Angels & Airwaves.  He was temporarily replaced by Scott Reeder before David Hidalgo, Jr. joined as the band's new permanent drummer.  Despite being listed as a band member on the album, Hidalgo did not actually play on it; instead, the band hired session musician Josh Freese to record the drum tracks. Richard Starkey, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 7 July 1940), known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English drummer, singer, songwriter and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles.  He occasionally sang lead vocals, usually for one song on an album, including "With a Little Help from My Friends", "Yellow Submarine", "Good Night", and their cover of "Act Naturally".  He also wrote the Beatles' songs "Don't Pass Me By" and "Octopus's Garden", and is credited as a co-writer of others, including "What Goes On" and "Flying". Tjitske Siderius (born 24 September 1981, in Groenlo) is a Dutch politician.  She was a member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands for the Socialist Party between 3 September 2013 and 26 November 2013, temporarily replacing Sadet Karabulut, who went on maternity leave.  From 6 February 2014 Siderius temporarily replaced Renske Leijten who went on maternity leave.  When Paulus Jansen resigned in April 2014, Siderius became his permanent replacement on 14 May 2014.  Henri Swinkels then became the temporary replacement for Leijten.  Her term in the House ended on 23 March 2017.
Answer: Richard Starkey