Question: Between Columbia University and University of British Columbia, which institution was founded earlier?
Context: Joseph-Achille Mbembe, known as Achille Mbembe (born 1957), is a Cameroonian philosopher, political theorist, and public intellectual.  He was born near Otélé in French Cameroons in 1957.  He obtained his Ph.D. in history at the University of Sorbonne in Paris, France, in 1989.  He subsequently obtained a D.E.A. in political science at the Institut d’Etudes Politiques in the same city.  He has held appointments at Columbia University in New York, Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C., University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Berkeley, Yale University, Duke University and Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) in Dakar, Senegal.  He was Assistant Professor of History at Columbia University, New York, from 1988-1991, a Senior Research Fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C., from 1991 to 1992, Associate Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania from 1992 to 1996, Executive Director of the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (Codesria) in Dakar, Senegal, from 1996 to 2000.  Achille was also a visiting Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, in 2001, and a visiting Professor at Yale University in 2003.  He is currently a Research Professor in History and Politics at Harvard University's W.E.B. Dubois Research Institute. The University Act was enacted by the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia to establish one degree-granting universities for British Columbia.  The first University Act was passed in 1890, which act continues in force and defines the first Convocation of The University of British Columbia.  A subsequent Act was passed in 1908 (in conjunction with the University Endowment Act of 1907).  Under this new statute, the governance of the University of British Columbia was clarified. Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City, often cited as one of the world's most prestigious universities. The University Transition Program, often called the Transition Program, is an early college entrance program funded by the Vancouver School Board, the University of British Columbia and the BC Ministry of Education that is based in the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  Each year, the program accepts around 20 new students between the ages 12 and 15, half of which are from outside the Vancouver School District.  This is out of approximately 200 applicants; rigorous testing must be performed to select acceptable candidates.  Over the course of two years, students aim to complete the required high school curriculum along with some university level coursework.  When they graduate from the program, the students usually are accepted into UBC earlier than they would if they had graduated from a regular high school (aged 14–16 instead of 17–18).  The program was first established in 1993 by the Vancouver School Board, British Columbia Ministry of Education and the University of British Columbia.  Students of the program have access to most UBC facilities and possess UBC undergraduate student cards.  The program held its 20th anniversary on May 15-17, 2015. Jean Barman is a historian of British Columbia.  Born in Stephen, Minnesota, United States, Barman arrived in British Columbia in 1971.  Her work "The West Beyond the West: A History of British Columbia" has been described as the "standard text on the subject [of British Columbia history]."  She has received the Lieutenant Governor's Medal for historical writing, and the 2006 City of Vancouver Book Award (for "Stanley Park's Secret").  She is a professor emerita at the University of British Columbia, as is her husband, the historian of Brazil Roderick Barman. Columbia Bible College (CBC) is an institution of higher education in Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada.  The college states that its mission is to "equip people for a life of discipleship, ministry and leadership in service to the church and community".  Theologically, Columbia Bible College is evangelical Anabaptist and is operated by two regional Mennonite conferences, British Columbia Mennonite Brethren and Mennonite Church British Columbia.  Columbia is accredited by the international Association for Biblical Higher Education (ABHE), and is registered with the British Columbia Private Career Training Institution Association (PCTIA).  The musical group Close Talker was formed out of Columbia. The British Columbia Democratic Coalition (BCDC) was a short-lived coalition of minor political parties in British Columbia, Canada.  It was founded in September 2004 to bring together four minor parties: the British Columbia Democratic Alliance, the British Columbia Moderate Democratic Movement, the Citizens Action Party and Link BC.  The British Columbia Labour Party joined shortly thereafter. The University Endowment Lands (UEL) is an unincorporated area that lies to the west of the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, surrounding the University of British Columbia.  Pacific Spirit Regional Park lies within the UEL, and although geographically located within the UEL, the University of British Columbia and private housing on university land are not under the administration of the UEL.  This housing, comprising 6000 residents in 2009, is administered by a partnership between the University of British Columbia and the University Neighbourhoods Association (UNA), with the UNA providing most municipal functions.  The UEL is part of Metro Vancouver and sometimes considered part of Vancouver (for example, Canada Post uses Vancouver for UEL addresses).  The governance arrangements for these three areas are different, however. The British Columbia Unity Party was a political party in British Columbia, Canada.  The party was founded as an attempted union of five conservative parties: the Reform Party of British Columbia, the British Columbia Social Credit Party, the British Columbia Conservative Party, the British Columbia Party, and the Family Coalition Party of British Columbia.  Members from the first four parties joined with the Family Coalition Party to refound the Family Coalition Party as the BC Unity Party on January 10, 2001.  The party was formed to present a united conservative option to voters in opposition to the centre-right BC Liberals and the centre-left New Democratic Party (NDP). The University of British Columbia, commonly referred to as UBC, is a public research university with campuses and facilities in British Columbia, Canada.  Founded in 1908 as the McGill University College of British Columbia, the university became independent and adopted its current name in 1915.  It is British Columbia's oldest institution of higher learning and has over 60,000 students at its Vancouver and Okanagan Valley campuses.  Most students are enrolled in five larger faculties: Arts, Science, Applied Science, UBC Faculty of Medicine and the Sauder School of Business.  UBC's 4.02 km2 Vancouver campus is within the University Endowment Lands, about 10 km west of Downtown Vancouver.  The 2.09 km2 Okanagan campus, acquired in 2005, is in Kelowna.
Answer: Columbia University