Question: Andrew A. Snelling is a geologist who works for Answers in Genesis, and which titled form of creationism, a religious belief which holds that the universe, Earth, and all life on Earth were created by direct acts of God less than 10,000 years ago?
Context: Gap creationism (also known as ruin-restoration creationism, restoration creationism, or "The Gap Theory") is a form of old Earth creationism that posits that the six-"yom" creation period, as described in the Book of Genesis, involved six literal 24-hour days (light being "day" and dark "night" as God specified), but that there was a gap of time between two distinct creations in the first and the second verses of Genesis, which the theory states explains many scientific observations, including the age of the Earth.  It differs from day-age creationism, which posits that the 'days' of creation were much longer periods (of thousands or millions of years), and from young Earth creationism, which although it agrees concerning the six literal 24-hour days of creation, does not posit any gap of time. Andrew A. Snelling is a young-Earth creationist geologist who works for Answers in Genesis. Progressive creationism (see for comparison intelligent design) is the religious belief that God created new forms of life gradually over a period of hundreds of millions of years.  As a form of Old Earth creationism, it accepts mainstream geological and cosmological estimates for the age of the Earth, some tenets of biology such as microevolution as well as archaeology to make its case.  In this view creation occurred in rapid bursts in which all "kinds" of plants and animals appear in stages lasting millions of years.  The bursts are followed by periods of stasis or equilibrium to accommodate new arrivals.  These bursts represent instances of God creating new types of organisms by divine intervention.  As viewed from the archaeological record, progressive creationism holds that "species do not gradually appear by the steady transformation of its ancestors; [but] appear all at once and "fully formed."  The view rejects macroevolution, claiming it is biologically untenable and not supported by the fossil record, and it rejects the concept of universal descent from a last universal common ancestor.  Thus the evidence for macroevolution is claimed to be false, but microevolution is accepted as a genetic parameter designed by the Creator into the fabric of genetics to allow for environmental adaptations and survival.  Generally, it is viewed by proponents as a middle ground between literal creationism and evolution. A creationist museum is a facility that hosts exhibits which use the established natural history museum format to present a young Earth creationist view that the Earth and life on Earth were created some 6,000 to 10,000 years ago in six days.  These facilities generally promote Biblically-literalist creationism and contest evolutionary science, which has led to heavy criticism from the scientific community. The history of creationism relates to the history of thought based on the premise that the natural universe had a beginning, and came into being supernaturally.  The term "creationism" in its broad sense covers a wide range of views and interpretations, and was not in common use before the late 19th century.  Throughout recorded history, many people have viewed the universe as a created entity.  Many ancient historical accounts from around the world refer to or imply a creation of the earth and universe.  Although specific historical understandings of creationism have used varying degrees of empirical, spiritual and/or philosophical investigations, they are all based on the view that the universe was created.  The Genesis creation narrative has provided a basic framework for Jewish and Christian epistemological understandings of how the universe came into being - through the divine intervention of the god, Yahweh.  Historically, literal interpretations of this narrative were more dominant than allegorical ones. Creationism is the religious belief that the universe and life originated "from specific acts of divine creation," as opposed to the scientific conclusion that they came about through natural processes.  The first use of the term "creationist" to describe a proponent of creationism is found in an 1856 letter of Charles Darwin describing those who objected on religious grounds to the emerging science of evolution. Young Earth creationism (YEC) is a form of creationism, a religious belief which holds that the universe, Earth, and all life on Earth were created by direct acts of God less than 10,000 years ago.  Its primary adherents are Christians who subscribe to a literal interpretation of the creation narrative in the Bible's Book of Genesis and believe that God created the Earth in six 24-hour days.  In contrast to YEC, old Earth creationism is the belief in a metaphorical interpretation of the Book of Genesis and the scientifically-determined estimated ages of the Earth and Universe. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth's atmosphere had no free oxygen (O).  Photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms that produced O as a waste product lived long before the first build-up of free oxygen in the atmosphere, perhaps as early as 3.5 billion years ago.  The oxygen they produced would have been rapidly removed from the atmosphere by weathering of reducing minerals, most notably iron.  This "mass rusting" led to the deposition of iron oxide on the ocean floor, forming banded iron formations.  Oxygen only began to persist in the atmosphere in small quantities about 50 million years before the start of the Great Oxygenation Event.  This mass oxygenation of the atmosphere resulted in rapid buildup of free oxygen.  At current rates of primary production, today's concentration of oxygen could be produced by photosynthetic organisms in 2,000 years.  In the absence of plants, the rate of oxygen production by photosynthesis was slower in the Precambrian, and the concentrations of O attained were less than 10% of today's and probably fluctuated greatly; oxygen may even have disappeared from the atmosphere again around 1.9 billion years ago.  These fluctuations in oxygen concentration had little direct effect on life, with mass extinctions not observed until the appearance of complex life around the start of the Cambrian period,   million years ago .  The presence of O2 provided life with new opportunities.  Aerobic metabolism is more efficient than anaerobic pathways, and the presence of oxygen undoubtedly created new possibilities for life to explore.  Since the start of the Cambrian period, atmospheric oxygen concentrations have fluctuated between 15% and 35% of atmospheric volume.  The maximum of 35% was reached towards the end of the Carboniferous period (about 300 million years ago), a peak which may have contributed to the large size of insects and amphibians at that time.  Whilst human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, affect relative carbon dioxide concentrations, their effect on the much larger concentration of oxygen is less significant. In the geologic record the Chaotian eon or era is unofficially proposed to denote the time preceding the solidification of the Earth's crust and the formation of Earth's moon, it is the earliest era within the eon of Hadean.  It lasted 196 million years, at   million years ago to the beginning of the Zirconian era,   million years ago .  It is named after Chaos, the primeval void in Greek mythology.  The Chaotian sets in with the emergence of Earth at 4.6 billion years ago.  Its upper limit and thus the transition to the Zirconian era is defined by the occurrence of the first conservation capable mineral.  These are zircon, the oldest mineral in the Jack Hills of Narryer Gneiss Terrane in Western Australia (Yilgarn craton) found and were dated 4,404 ± 8 million years ago Prehistoric demography is the study of the demography of human and hominid populations from the origin of hominids about 6,000,000 years ago through the origin of anatomically modern humans about 200,000 years ago, to the beginning of the agricultural revolution about 10,000 years ago.
Answer: Young Earth creationism (YEC)