Question: Who was an Italian-American composer and librettist, Antonín Dvořák or Gian Carlo Menotti ?
Context: Gian Carlo Menotti (] ; July 7, 1911 – February 1, 2007) was an Italian-American composer and librettist.  Although he often referred to himself as an American composer, he kept his Italian citizenship.  He wrote the classic Christmas opera "Amahl and the Night Visitors", along with over two dozen other operas intended to appeal to popular taste. Labyrinth is an opera in one act by composer Gian Carlo Menotti.  The work was commissioned for television by the NBC Opera Theatre and uses an English language libretto by the composer.  Unlike Menotti's previous television operas, such as "Amahl and the Night Visitors", this opera was written with no intention of being moved to live stage performance later.  Menotti intended for this work to utilize the special effects unique to television which could not be recreated in live theatre.  As a result, NBC's television production of the opera is the only performance the work has received.  At its premiere in March 1963 the opera was mainly criticized by the press for its trite use of allegory and music which rejected the avante garde in favour of romanticism.  Critic Harold C. Schonberg stated in his review in "The New York Times" that, "Menotti falls back on the procedures he has always used: the scraps of canonic imitation, the stretches of parlando, the Puccini like melodies, the banal waltz themes... [It] ended up an allegory that had all the dimension of a Mobius strip: an example of slick television and cinema of the 1960s wedded pretty much to music of the 1890s... On the whole "Labyrinth" is one of the thinnest musical concoctions Menotti has ever put together. Help, Help, the Globolinks!  is an opera in four scenes by Gian Carlo Menotti with an original English libretto by the composer.  It was commissioned by the Hamburg State Opera and first performed as "Hilfe, Hilfe, die Globolinks!"  in a German translation by on December 21, 1968 in a double bill with Menotti's "Amahl and the Night Visitors".  The opera had its English language premiere on August 1, 1969 in the United States at the Santa Fe Opera in a double bill with Igor Stravinsky's "The Nightingale".  Both premiere productions were directed by the composer.  Many of the cast members from the Santa Fe production reprised their roles for the work's New York debut at the New York City Opera in December 1969. Antonín Leopold Dvořák ( ; ] ; 8 September 1841 – 1 May 1904) was a Czech composer.  After Bedřich Smetana, he was the second Czech composer to achieve worldwide recognition.  Following Smetana's nationalist example, Dvořák frequently employed aspects, specifically rhythms, of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia.  Dvořák's own style has been described as "the fullest recreation of a national idiom with that of the symphonic tradition, absorbing folk influences and finding effective ways of using them." Lee Henry Hoiby (February 17, 1926 – March 28, 2011) was an American composer and classical pianist.  Best known as a composer of operas and songs, he was a disciple of composer Gian Carlo Menotti.  Like Menotti, his works championed lyricism at a time when such compositions were deemed old fashioned.  His most well known work is his setting of Tennessee Williams's "Summer and Smoke", which premiered at the St Paul Opera in 1971. The Old Maid and the Thief is a radio opera in one act by Italian-American composer Gian Carlo Menotti.  The work uses an English language libretto by the composer which tells a twisted tale of morals and evil womanly power.  Menotti writes in the libretto "The devil couldn't do what a woman can- Make a thief out of an honest man." Christmas operas are operas which are thematically based on either the Nativity of Jesus or secular Christmas stories.  The earliest Christmas operas appeared in the early 17th century, not long after the creation of the art form.  Because of the ban on secular theatrical works during the season of Advent, these early Christmas operas, while elaborately staged, were based on religious themes relating to the Nativity.  By the mid 19th century the ban on secular operas during Advent had ceased, and operas based on a wider array of Christmas themes, such as Santa Claus and King Wenceslaus, emerged.  Several operas have been inspired by Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol", including works by composers Bernard Herrmann and Thea Musgrave.  The story of the Magi has also been the basis of several operas, including Gian Carlo Menotti's 1951 opera "Amahl and the Night Visitors".  Initially written for television performance, Menotti's opera has become the only modern Christmas opera to earn an enduring place in the live opera performance repertoire.  In the 21st century, composer Kevin Puts' "Silent Night" (2011) achieved critical success and won the Pulitzer Prize for music in 2012. Amelia al ballo ("Amelia Goes to the Ball") is a one-act "opera buffa" by Gian Carlo Menotti, who set his own Italian libretto.  Composed during 1936 when Menotti was in his mid-twenties, it was the composer's first mature opera and first critical success.  The opera recounts a series of farcical events as a young Italian socialite overcomes obstacles to her attendance at the first ball of the season. The Hero is a two-act opera by Italian-American composer Gian Carlo Menotti.  Commissioned by the Opera Company of Philadelphia, the work premiered at the Philadelphia Academy of Music on June 1, 1976.  At this point of his career, Menotti's style of composition, which rejected the avant-garde, was out of favor with the classical music world. " Time" stated in its review of the opera, "Most of Menotti's music is passable Puccini: melodic, easy to take—and totally beside the point in 1976." The Last Savage is an opera in three acts by composer Gian Carlo Menotti.  Menotti wrote his own libretto, originally in the Italian language ("L'ultimo selvaggio").  The opera was translated into French ("Le dernier sauvage") by Jean-Pierre Marty for the work's first (private) performance at the Opéra-Comique in Paris on 21 October 1963, followed the next day by the public premiere.  George Mead translated the work into English for the opera's American premiere at the Metropolitan Opera the following year.
Answer: Gian Carlo Menotti