Question: What is the teaching hospital and biomedical research facility of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, who had a doctor with  numerous contributions to neurosurgery in particular and to medicine in general has increased as the field of neurosurgery has evolved?
Context: The Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is an independent, interdisciplinary center serving the entire Johns Hopkins University and Health System.  It is dedicated to the study of complex moral and policy issues in biomedical science, health care, and health policy.  Established in 1995, the Institute seeks answers to ethical questions by promoting research in bioethics and encouraging moral reflection among a broad range of scholars, professionals, students, and citizens.  Contributing to its mission are four divisions of the University: the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing. William Henry Welch (April 8, 1850 – April 30, 1934) was an American physician, pathologist, bacteriologist, and medical school administrator.  He was one of the "Big Four" founding professors at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.  He was the first dean of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and was also the founder of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, the first school of public health in the country.  Welch was more known for his cogent summations of current scientific work, than his own scientific research.  The Johns Hopkins medical school library is also named after Welch.  In his lifetime he was called "the Dean of American Medicine" and received various awards and honors throughout his lifetime, and posthumously. The Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) is the teaching hospital and biomedical research facility of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.  It was founded in 1889 using money from a bequest by philanthropist Johns Hopkins.  Johns Hopkins Hospital and the school of medicine are the founding institutions of modern American medicine and the birthplace of numerous medical traditions including rounds, residents and housestaff.  Many medical specialties were formed at the hospital including neurosurgery, by Harvey Cushing; cardiac surgery by Alfred Blalock; and pediatrics and child psychiatry, by Leo Kanner. Cooper University Hospital is a teaching hospital and biomedical research facility located in Camden, New Jersey.  The hospital formerly served as a clinical campus of Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.  It is currently affiliated with the newly established Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and offers training programs across a variety of fields for medical students, residents, fellows, nurses, and allied health professionals.  In 2013, Cooper announced a partnership with the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and opened a new comprehensive cancer center to serve patients in New Jersey and the Delaware Valley.  Cooper also is affiliated with the Coriell Institute for Medical Research, a leading non-profit research organization that focuses on stem cell science, genomics and personalized medicine. Lisa A. Cooper (born 1963) is a public health physician, and a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins.  She is the James F. Fries Professor of Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Vice President of Health Care Equity and Director of the Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities in the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.  She is also a core faculty member in the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research and the Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality.  She holds joint appointments in the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and in the departments of Epidemiology, Health Policy and Management, and Health, Behavior and Society in the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.  She is internationally recognized for her research on the impact of race, ethnicity and gender on the patient-physician relationship and subsequent health disparities. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM), located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S., is the academic medical teaching and research arm of Johns Hopkins University.  Johns Hopkins has consistently been among the nation's top medical schools in the number of research grants awarded by the National Institutes of Health.  Its main teaching hospital, the Johns Hopkins Hospital, is ranked the #3 hospital in the United States by "U.S. News & World Report". Walter Edward Dandy (April 6, 1886 – April 19, 1946) was an American neurosurgeon and scientist.  He is considered one of the founding fathers of neurosurgery, along with Victor Horsley (1857–1916) and Harvey Cushing (1869–1939).  Dandy is credited with numerous neurosurgical discoveries and innovations, including the description of the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, surgical treatment of hydrocephalus, the invention of air ventriculography and pneumoencephalography, the description of brain endoscopy, the establishment of the first intensive care unit (Fox 1984, p. 82), and the first clipping of an intracranial aneurysm, which marked the birth of cerebrovascular neurosurgery.  During his 40-year medical career, Dandy published five books and more than 160 peer-reviewed articles while conducting a full-time, ground-breaking neurosurgical practice in which he performed during his peak years about 1000 operations per year (Sherman et al. 2006).  He was recognized at the time as a remarkably fast and particularly dextrous surgeon.  Dandy was associated with the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Hospital his entire medical career.  The importance of his numerous contributions to neurosurgery in particular and to medicine in general has increased as the field of neurosurgery has evolved. Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General or MGH) is the original and largest teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and a biomedical research facility located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.  It is the third oldest general hospital in the United States and the oldest and largest hospital in New England with 950 beds.  With Brigham and Women's Hospital, it is one of the two founding members of Partners HealthCare, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts.  Massachusetts General Hospital conducts the largest hospital-based research program in the world, with an annual research budget of more than $750 million.  It is currently ranked as the #3 hospital in the United States by "U.S. News & World Report". Rong Li is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Whiting School of Engineering.  She is also the Director of the Center for Cell Dynamics in the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine’s Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences.  She is a leader in understanding cellular asymmetry, division and evolution, and specifically, in how eukaryotic cells establish their distinct morphology and organization in order to carry out their specialized functions. Max Brödel (June 8, 1870 – October 26, 1941) was a medical illustrator.  Born in Leipzig, Germany, he began his artistic career after graduating from the Leipzig Academy of Fine Arts, working for Dr. Carl Ludwig.  Under Dr. Carl Ludwig's instruction, he gained a basic knowledge of medicine and became recognized for his detailed medical illustrations.  In the late 1890s, he was brought to the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore to illustrate for Harvey Cushing, William Halsted, Howard Kelly, and other notable clinicians.  In addition to being an prolific medical illustrator, he developed new artistic techniques such as the carbon dust technique that helped the advancement of the quality and accuracy of medical illustrations for physicians.  In 1911, he presided over the creation of the first Department of Art as Applied to Medicine; located at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, it continues to train medical illustrators to this day.  His graduates spread out across the world, and have founded a number of other academic programs.
Answer: Johns Hopkins Hospital