Question: What character in the second novel by Charles Dickens did Catherine: A Story criticize?
Context: Oliver Twist, or The Parish Boy's Progress, is the second novel by English author Charles Dickens and was first published as a serial 1837–39.  The story is of the orphan Oliver Twist, who is born in a workhouse and is then sold into apprenticeship with an undertaker.  He escapes from there and travels to London, where he meets the Artful Dodger, a member of a gang of juvenile pickpockets led by the elderly criminal, Fagin. Tavistock House was the London home of the noted British author Charles Dickens and his family from 1851 to 1860.  At Tavistock House Dickens wrote "Bleak House", "Hard Times", "Little Dorrit" and "A Tale of Two Cities".  He also put on amateur theatricals there which are described in John Forster's "Life of Charles Dickens".  Later, it was the home of William and Georgina Weldon, whose lodger was the French composer Charles Gounod, who composed part of his opera "Polyeucte" at the house. Catherine: A Story was the first full-length work of fiction produced by William Makepeace Thackeray.  It first appeared in serialized installments in "Fraser's Magazine" between May 1839 and February 1840, credited to "Ikey Solomons, Esq.  Junior".  Thackeray's original intention in writing it was to criticize the Newgate school of crime fiction, exemplified by Bulwer-Lytton and Harrison Ainsworth, whose works Thackeray felt glorified criminals.  Thackeray even included Dickens in this criticism for his portrayal of the good-hearted streetwalker Nancy and the charming pickpocket, the Artful Dodger, in "Oliver Twist". The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (commonly known as Martin Chuzzlewit) is a novel by Charles Dickens, considered the last of his picaresque novels.  It was originally serialised between 1842 and 1844.  Dickens thought it to be his best work, but it was one of his least popular novels.  Like nearly all of Dickens' novels, "Martin Chuzzlewit" was released to the public in monthly instalments.  Early sales of the monthly parts were disappointing, compared to previous works, so Dickens changed the plot to send the title character to America.  This allowed the author to portray the United States (which he had visited in 1842) satirically as a near wilderness with pockets of civilisation filled with deceptive and self-promoting hucksters. Sir Henry Fielding Dickens, KC (16 January 1849 – 21 December 1933) was the eighth of ten children born to English author Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine.  The most successful of all of Dickens's children, he was a barrister, a KC and Common Serjeant of London, a senior legal office which he held for over 15 years.  He was also the last surviving child of Dickens. Mary Scott Thompson Hogarth (1819/20 – 7 May 1837 ) was the sister-in-law of Charles Dickens and the sister of Catherine Dickens (née Hogarth).  Hogarth lived with the Dickens family for one of the 17 years of her life, and was the inspiration for a number of characters in Dickens novels. The Cricket on the Hearth: A Fairy Tale of Home is a novella by Charles Dickens, published by Bradbury and Evans, and released 20 December 1845 with illustrations by Daniel Maclise, John Leech, Richard Doyle, Clarkson Stanfield and Edwin Henry Landseer.  Dickens began writing the book around 17 October 1845 and finished it by 1 December.  Like all of Dickens's Christmas books, it was published in book form, not as a serial.  Dickens described the novel as "quiet and domestic [...] innocent and pretty."  It is subdivided into chapters called "Chirps", similar to the "Quarters" of "The Chimes" or the "Staves" of "A Christmas Carol".  It is the third of Dickens's five Christmas books, preceded by "A Christmas Carol" (1843) and "The Chimes" (1844), and followed by "The Battle of Life" (1846) and "The Haunted Man and the Ghost's Bargain" (1848). Charles Culliford Boz Dickens (6 January 1837 – 20 July 1896) was the first child of the English novelist Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine.  A failed businessman, he became the editor of his father's magazine "All the Year Round", and a successful writer of dictionaries.  He is now most remembered for his two 1879 books "Dickens's Dictionary of London" and "Dickens's Dictionary of the Thames". Great Expectations is the thirteenth novel by Charles Dickens and his penultimate completed novel; a bildungsroman that depicts the personal growth and personal development of an orphan nicknamed Pip.  It is Dickens's second novel, after "David Copperfield", to be fully narrated in the first person.  The novel was first published as a serial in Dickens' weekly periodical "All the Year Round", from 1 December 1860 to August 1861.  In October 1861, Chapman and Hall published the novel in three volumes. The Frozen Deep is an 1856 play, originally staged as an amateur theatrical, written by Wilkie Collins under the substantial guidance of Charles Dickens.  Dickens's hand was so prominent – beside acting in the play for several performances, he added a preface, altered lines, and attended to most of the props and sets – that the principal edition of the play is entitled "Under the Management of Charles Dickens".  John C. Eckel wrote: "As usual with a play which passed into rehearsal under Dickens' auspices it came out improved.  This was the case with "The Frozen Deep".  The changes were so numerous that the drama almost may be ascribed to Dickens".  Dickens himself took the part of Richard Wardour and was stage-manager during its modest original staging in Dickens's home Tavistock House.  The play, however, grew in influence through a series of outside performances, including one before Queen Victoria at the Royal Gallery of Illustration, and a three-performance run at the Manchester Free Trade Hall for the benefit of the Douglas Jerrold Fund to benefit the widow of Dickens's old friend, Douglas Jerrold.  There, night after night, everyone – including, by some accounts, the carpenters and the stage-hands – was moved to tears by the play.  It also brought Dickens together with Ellen Ternan, an actress he hired to play one of the parts, and for whom he would later leave his wife Catherine.  The play remained unpublished until a private printing appeared sometime in 1866.
Answer: the Artful Dodger