Question: Smallville was created by which co-creator of Superman who was also known as Joe Carter and Jerry Ess? 
Context: Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series "Smallville".  He was a series regular from the pilot episode until the season seven finale, and has been played continuously by Michael Rosenbaum, with various actors portraying the character as a child throughout the series.  The character of Lex Luthor, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1940 as nemesis of Superman, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar—this is only the third time the character has been adapted to a live action television series.  The character has also appeared in various literature based on the "Smallville" television series, none of which directly continues from or into the television episodes. Lionel Luthor is a fictional character portrayed by John Glover in the television series "Smallville".  The character was initially a recurring guest in season one, and became a series regular in season two and continued until being written out of the show in season seven.  The character returned to the show in season ten again as a recurring guest role as a parallel universe (Earth-2) version of the character.  In "Smallville", Lionel Luthor is the father of Lex Luthor (Michael Rosenbaum), and founder and CEO of LuthorCorp.  Lex Luthor's father was first introduced in "Superman" comics by Jerry Siegel in 1961 and has since appeared in other Superman-related media under different names.  "Smallville" is the first appearance in which the character has been an intricate part of a Superman adaptation.  Series developers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar created Lionel Luthor for "Smallville" to provide an antithesis to the parenting style of Jonathan Kent (John Schneider) and Martha Kent (Annette O'Toole). Karen McDonald (also Phillips) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, "Coronation Street", played by Suranne Jones.  Karen was created by producer Jane Macnaught as a recurring character and one of the factory girls.  She made her debut in the episode airing on 21 June 2000.  On 13 May 2004, Jones announced her decision to leave the soap and her final scenes were broadcast on 26 December 2004.  Karen's storylines have focused on her number of boyfriends including, Vikram Desai (Chris Bisson) and Joe Carter (Jonathan Wrather), also her relationship with Steve McDonald (Simon Gregson) and her miscarriage and her feud with Tracy Barlow (Kate Ford), the mother of Steve's daughter. Jerome "Jerry" Siegel ( ; October 17, 1914 – January 28, 1996), who also used pseudonyms including Joe Carter, and Jerry Ess, was the American co-creator, along with Joe Shuster, of Superman, the first of the great comic book superheroes and one of the most recognizable of the 20th century. Clark Kent is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville".  The character of Clark Kent, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1938 as the alternate identity of Superman, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar.  This is the fourth time the character has been adapted to a live-action television series.  Clark Kent has been played continually by Tom Welling, with various other actors portraying Clark as a child.  The character has also appeared in various literature based on the "Smallville" series, all of which are completely independent of the television episodes.  As of 2011, "Smallville"' s Clark Kent has appeared in eighteen young adult novels. Joanne Siegel (born Jolan Kovacs; December 1, 1917 – February 12, 2011) was an American model, who in the 1930s worked with Superman artists Joe Shuster as the model for Lois Lane, Superman's love interest.  She later married Superman's co-creator Jerry Siegel and sued for restoration of her husband's authorship copyright in the Superman character. "Back to Back" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake.  It is the second diss track created by Drake aimed at American rapper Meek Mill, following "Charged Up".  At OVO Fest 2015, Drake performed "Charged Up" and "Back to Back" live.  The album's cover art is a still from Game 6 of the 1993 World Series, when former professional baseball player Joe Carter of the Toronto Blue Jays famously hit a walk-off home run to win the series against the Philadelphia Phillies. The 1997 Toronto Blue Jays season was the franchise's 21st season of Major League Baseball.  It resulted in the Blue Jays finishing fifth in the American League East with a record of 76 wins and 86 losses.  With a massive re-design of their logos and uniforms, the Blue Jays attempted to re-establish themselves in the American League East by signing Roger Clemens via Free Agency and bringing All-Stars Carlos García and Orlando Merced through trade.  Although Clemens rejuvenated himself with the Blue Jays (en route to one of the best-ever single seasons by a starting pitcher, winning the Cy Young Award and the pitchers' triple crown), both Garcia and Merced ended up being flops as dismal overall hitting and an inconsistent bullpen doomed the Blue Jays once again to a last-place finish.  1997 also marked the end of the road for manager Cito Gaston, being fired near the end of the season (Gaston would eventually return to the team in 2008).  Longtime fan-favourite Joe Carter also played in his final season for the Blue Jays, as he was released at the end of the season. Chloe Sullivan is a fictional character in the television series "Smallville", which is based on the Superman and Superboy comics published by DC Comics.  Portrayed by series regular Allison Mack, the character was created exclusively for "Smallville" by series developers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar.  Other than main character Clark Kent, Chloe is the only main character to last the duration of the show, though Mack only signed on for five episodes in the tenth and final season.  The character has also appeared in various literature based on "Smallville", an internet series, and was then later adapted back into the original Superman comics which inspired "Smallville". Smallville is an American television series developed by writer-producers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar, based on the DC Comics character Superman created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster.  The series, initially broadcast by The WB, premiered on October 16, 2001.  After "Smallville"' s fifth season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, the series' later United States broadcaster.  "Smallville", which ended its tenth and final season on May 13, 2011, follows Clark Kent (Tom Welling) in the fictional town of Smallville, Kansas, before he becomes known as Superman.  The first four seasons focus on Clark and his friends in high school.  After season five "Smallville" ventures into adult settings, eventually focusing on his career at the "Daily Planet" and introducing other DC comic-book superheroes and villains.
Answer: Jerry Siegel