Question: When did Afghanistan join the group of 193 sovereign states that is the world's largest intergovernmental organization?
Context: The United Nations member states are the 193 sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly.  The UN is the world's largest intergovernmental organization, ahead of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is an intergovernmental organization that provides services and advice concerning migration to governments and migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees, and migrant workers.  As of September 2016, it became a related organization of the United Nations.  It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM) to help resettle people displaced by World War II.  As of June 2016, the International Organization for Migration has 166 member states and 8 observer states. A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory.  Such people are termed linguistic minorities or language minorities.  With a total number of 193 sovereign states recognized internationally (as of 2008) and an estimated number of roughly 5,000 to 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, it follows that the vast majority of languages are minority languages in every country in which they are spoken.  Some minority languages are simultaneously also official languages, including the Irish language in Ireland.  Likewise, some national languages are often considered minority languages, insofar as they are the national language of a stateless nation. Afghanistan officially joined the United Nations on 19 November 1946 as the Kingdom of Afghanistan.  In June 1945, the month after war had ended in Europe, representatives from 50 countries came together and drew up the UN Charter, which was signed on 26 June 1945.  The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945. The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international co-operation and to create and maintain international order.  A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict.  At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193.  The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is subject to extraterritoriality.  Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna.  The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.  Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict.  The UN is the largest, most familiar, most internationally represented and most powerful intergovernmental organization in the world. The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies.  Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states.  Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state.  The earliest known primary states appeared in Mesopotamia c. 3700 BC, in Egypt c. 3300 BC, in the Indus Valley c. 2500 BC, India c. 1700 BC, and in China c. 1600 BC.  As they interacted with their less developed neighbors through trade, warfare, migration, and more generalized ideological influences, the primary states directly or indirectly fostered the emergence of secondary states in surrounding areas, for example, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and Mycenaean states of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan.  According to Professor Gil Stein of the University of Chicago Oriental Institute, "The excavations and archaeological surveys of the last few decades have vastly increased both the quantity and quality of what we know about ancient states and urbanism.  Archaeologists have broadened the scope of their research beyond the traditional focus on rulers and urban elites.  Current research now aims at understanding the role of urban commoners, craft specialists, and village-based farmers in the overall organization of ancient states and societies.  Given the immense geographical scope encompassed by the term 'the Ancient World'".  The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy. For earlier times, the term "sovereign state" is an anachronism.  What corresponded to sovereign states in the medieval and ancient period were monarchs ruling By the Grace of God, de facto feudal or imperial autocrats, or de facto independent nations or tribal confederations.  This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 400 BC and 301 BC. This is a list of sovereign states in the 2000s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2009.  It contains 213 entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty.  It includes 193 widely recognized sovereign states and 15 entities which claim an effective sovereignty but are considered "de facto" dependencies of other powers by the general international community. The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies.  Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states.  Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state.  The earliest known primary states appeared in Mesopotamia c. 3700 BC, in Egypt c. 3300 BC, in the Indus Valley c. 2500 BC, India c. 1700 BC, and in China c. 1600 BC.  As they interacted with their less developed neighbors through trade, warfare, migration, and more generalized ideological influences, the primary states directly or indirectly fostered the emergence of secondary states in surrounding areas, for example, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and Mycenaean states of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan.  According to Professor Gil Stein of the University of Chicago Oriental Institute, "The excavations and archaeological surveys of the last few decades have vastly increased both the quantity and quality of what we know about ancient states and urbanism.  Archaeologists have broadened the scope of their research beyond the traditional focus on rulers and urban elites.  Current research now aims at understanding the role of urban commoners, craft specialists, and village-based farmers in the overall organization of ancient states and societies.  Given the immense geographical scope encompassed by the term 'the Ancient World'".  The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy. For earlier times, the term "sovereign state" is an anachronism.  What corresponded to sovereign states in the medieval and ancient period were monarchs ruling By the Grace of God, de facto feudal or imperial autocrats, or de facto independent nations or tribal confederations.  This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 500 BC and 401 BC. The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies.  Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states.  Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state.  The earliest known primary states appeared in Mesopotamia c. 3700 BC, in Egypt c. 3300 BC, in the Indus Valley c. 2500 BC, India c. 1700 BC, and in China c. 1600 BC.  As they interacted with their less developed neighbors through trade, warfare, migration, and more generalized ideological influences, the primary states directly or indirectly fostered the emergence of secondary states in surrounding areas, for example, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and Mycenaean states of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan.  According to Professor Gil Stein of the University of Chicago Oriental Institute, "The excavations and archaeological surveys of the last few decades have vastly increased both the quantity and quality of what we know about ancient states and urbanism.  Archaeologists have broadened the scope of their research beyond the traditional focus on rulers and urban elites.  Current research now aims at understanding the role of urban commoners, craft specialists, and village-based farmers in the overall organization of ancient states and societies.  Given the immense geographical scope encompassed by the term 'the Ancient World'".  This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 700 BC and 601 BC.  The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy.  For earlier times, the term "sovereign state" is an anachronism.  What corresponded to sovereign states in the medieval and ancient period were monarchs ruling by the grace of God, de facto feudal or imperial autocrats, or de facto independent nations or tribal confederations.  This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 700 BC and 601 BC. An intergovernmental organization or international governmental organization (IGO) is an organization composed primarily of sovereign states (referred to as "member states"), or of other intergovernmental organizations.  Intergovernmental organizations are often called international organizations, although that term may also include international nongovernmental organization such as international nonprofit organizations or multinational corporations.
Answer: 19 November 1946