Question: When was the Norwegian musician who plays a fretted string instrument with three or four strings born?
Context: The cello ( ; plural cellos or celli) or violoncello ( ; ] ) is a bowed, and sometimes plucked, string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths.  The strings from low to high are generally tuned to C, G, D and A, an octave lower than the viola.  It is the bass member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola and the double bass.  The cello is used as a solo musical instrument, as well as in chamber music ensembles (e.g., string quartet), string orchestras, as a member of the string section of symphony orchestras, and some types of rock bands.  It is the second-largest and second lowest (in pitch) bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra, the double bass being the largest and having the lowest (deepest) pitch. The bowed dulcimer is a musical instrument.  Designed in the style of the Appalachian dulcimer (a fretted string instrument of the zither family, typically with three or four strings), it is either a standard instrument played with a violin bow, or a purpose-built dulcimer designed around bow playing.  The purpose-designed instrument is described as resembling a hybrid between a dulcimer and a cello or viola da gamba. The ruan () is a traditional Chinese plucked string instrument.  It is a lute with a fretted neck, a circular body, and four strings.  Its four strings were formerly made of silk but since the 20th century they have been made of steel (flatwound for the lower strings).  The modern "ruan" has 24 frets with 12 semitones on each string, which has greatly expanded its range from a previous 13 frets.  The frets are commonly made of ivory or in recent times of metal mounted on wood.  The metal frets produce a brighter tone as compared to the ivory frets.  It is sometimes called "ruanqin", particularly in Taiwan. Elisabeth Kværne (born August 31, 1953) is a Norwegian musician.  She plays the "langeleik", a string instrument similar to the Appalachian dulcimer.  She won the 1985 Spellemannprisen in the category folk music and old dance for "På langeleik". The tanpura (or tambura, tanpuri) is a long-necked plucked string instrument found in various forms in Indian music; it does not play melody but rather supports and sustains the melody of another instrument or singer by providing a continuous harmonic bourdon or drone.  A tanpura is not played in rhythm with the soloist or percussionist: as the precise timing of plucking a cycle of four strings in a continuous loop is a determinant factor in the resultant sound, it is played unchangingly during the complete performance.  The repeated cycle of plucking all strings creates the sonic canvas on which the melody of the raga is drawn.  The combined sound of all strings, each string a fundamental tone with its own spectrum of overtones, is a rich and vibrant, dynamic-yet-static tone-conglomerate, due to interactive harmonic resonances that will support and blend with the external tones sung or played by the soloist. The yueqin or yue qin (Chinese: 月琴 ,  "yuèqín"), formerly romanized as yüeh-ch‘in and also known as the moon guitar, moon zither, gekkin, laqin, or la-ch‘in, is a traditional Chinese string instrument.  It is a lute with a round, hollow wooden body which gives it the nickname "moon guitar".  It has a short fretted neck and four strings tuned in courses of two (each pair of strings is tuned to a single pitch), generally tuned to the interval of a perfect fifth.  Occasionally, the body of the yueqin may be octagonal in shape.  It is an important instrument in the Beijing opera orchestra, often taking the role of main melodic instrument in lieu of the bowed string section.  The frets on all Chinese lutes are high so that the fingers never touch the actual body—distinctively different from western fretted instruments.  This allows for a greater control over timbre and intonation than their western counterparts, but makes chordal playing more difficult. The violin is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.  It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.  Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused in the 2010s.  The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato).  Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.  They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition and in many varieties of folk music.  They are also frequently used in genres of folk including country music and bluegrass music and in jazz.  Electric violins are used in some forms of rock music; further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.  The violin is sometimes informally called a fiddle, particularly in Irish traditional music and bluegrass, but this nickname is also used regardless of the type of music played on it. A lute ( , or ) is any plucked string instrument with a neck (either fretted or unfretted) and a deep round back enclosing a hollow cavity, usually with a sound hole or opening in the body.  More specifically, the term "lute" can refer to an instrument from the family of European lutes.  The term also refers generally to any string instrument having the strings running in a plane parallel to the sound table (in the Hornbostel–Sachs system).  The strings are attached to pegs or posts at the end of the neck, which have some type of turning mechanism to enable the player to tighten the tension on the string or loosen the tension before playing (which respectively raise or lower the pitch of a string), so that each string is tuned to a specific pitch (or note).  The lute is plucked or strummed with one hand while the other hand "frets" (presses down) the strings on the neck's fingerboard.  By pressing the strings on different places of the fingerboard, the player can shorten or lengthen the part of the string that is vibrating, thus producing higher or lower pitches (notes). The Appalachian dulcimer (many variant names; see below) is a fretted string instrument of the zither family, typically with three or four strings, originally played in the Appalachian region of the United States.  The body extends the length of the fingerboard, and its fretting is generally diatonic. The octave mandolin is a fretted string instrument with four pairs of strings tuned in fifths, G, D, A, E (low to high), an octave below a mandolin.  It is larger than the mandola, but smaller than the mandocello and its construction is similar to other instruments in the mandolin family.  Usually the courses are all unison pairs but the lower two may sometimes be strung as octave pairs with the higher-pitched octave string on top so that it is hit before the thicker lower-pitched string.  Alternate tunings of G, D, A, D and A, D, A, D are often employed by Celtic musicians.
Answer: 1953