Question:  Men who have sex with men and sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender is know as?
Context: Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.  As a sexual orientation, homosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to people of the same sex.  It "also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions." Sexual identity is how one thinks of oneself in terms of to whom one is romantically or sexually attracted.  "Sexual identity" may also refer to sexual orientation identity, which is when people identify or dis-identify with a sexual orientation or choose not to identify with a sexual orientation.  Sexual identity and sexual behavior are closely related to sexual orientation, but they are distinguished, with "identity" referring to an individual's conception of themselves, "behavior" referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual, and "sexual orientation" referring to romantic or sexual attractions toward persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, to both sexes or more than one gender, or to no one. In media discourse, sexual content is material depicting sexual behavior.  The sexual behavior involved may be explicit, implicit sexual behavior such as flirting, or include sexual language and euphemisms. An alternative mating strategy is a mating strategy used by males or females that differs from the prevailing strategy of the sex.  The mating strategies of animals are diverse and variable both across and within species.  Animal sexual behavior and mate choice directly affect social structure and relationships in many different mating systems, whether monogamous, polygamous, polyandrous, or polygynous.  Though males and females in a given population typically employ a predominant reproductive strategy based on the overarching mating system, there is still significant variation in behavior among individuals of the same sex.  Alternative strategies provide animals of certain phenotypes with a different means for obtaining mates.  The study of alternative mating strategies is critical to correctly characterizing the diverse sexual behavior practiced by animals in a population and understanding the strength of selection on these individuals. The Kinsey Reports are two books on human sexual behavior, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953), written by Alfred Kinsey, Paul Gebhard, Wardell Pomeroy and others and published by Saunders.  Kinsey was a zoologist at Indiana University and the founder of the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction (more widely known as the Kinsey Institute). Alfred Charles Kinsey ( ; June 23, 1894 – August 25, 1956) was an American biologist, professor of entomology and zoology, and sexologist who in 1947 founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University, now known as the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction.  He is best known for writing "Sexual Behavior in the Human Male" (1948) and "Sexual Behavior in the Human Female" (1953), also known as the Kinsey Reports, as well as the Kinsey scale.  Kinsey's research on human sexuality, foundational to the field of sexology, provoked controversy in the 1940s and 1950s.  His work has influenced social and cultural values in the United States, as well as internationally. Men who have sex with men (MSM), also known as males who have sex with males, are male persons who engage in sexual activity with members of the same sex, regardless of how they identify themselves; many such men do not sexually identify as gay, homosexual or bisexual. Gender polarization is a concept in sociology by American psychologist Sandra Bem which states that societies tend to define femininity and masculinity as polar opposite genders, such that male-acceptable behaviors and attitudes are not seen as appropriate for women, and vice versa.  The theory is an extension of the sex and gender distinction in sociology in which sex refers to the biological differences between men and women, while gender refers to the cultural differences between them, such that "gender" describes the "socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women".  According to Bem, gender polarization begins when natural sex differences are exaggerated in culture; for example, women have less hair than men, and men have more muscles than women, but these physical differences are exaggerated culturally when women remove hair from their faces and legs and armpits, and when men engage in body building exercises to emphasize their muscle mass.  She explained that gender polarization goes further, when cultures construct "differences from scratch to make the sexes even more different from one another than they would otherwise be", perhaps by dictating specific hair styles for men and women, which are noticeably distinct, or separate clothing styles for men and women.  When genders become polarized, according to the theory, there is no overlap, no shared behaviors or attitudes between men and women; rather, they are distinctly opposite.  She argued that these distinctions become so "all-encompassing" that they "pervade virtually every aspect of human existence", not just hairstyles and clothing but how men and women express emotion and experience sexual desire.  She argued that male-female differences are "superimposed on so many aspects of the social world that a cultural connection is thereby forged between sex and virtually every other aspect of human experience". Pregnancy, Birth and Abortion is a 1958 book about human pregnancy by the anthropologist Paul Gebhard, the sexologist Wardell Pomeroy, the sexologist Clyde Martin, and Cornelia Christenson.  It was a publication of the Institute for Sex Research.  The work was prepared and written with careful attention to sampling, methodology and date interpretation, to demonstrate the Institute for Sex Research's scientific competence despite the death of Alfred Kinsey and to answer the criticism that the Institute was interested only in popular, moneymaking books.  Though it did not receive the public acceptance of "Sexual Behavior in the Human Male" and "Sexual Behavior in the Human Female", the work was well received in scientific circles, and demonstrated that the Institute could survive as a productive research organization. Non-reproductive sexual behavior is sexual activities animals participate in that do not lead to the reproduction of the species.  Although procreation continues to be the primary explanation for sexual behavior in animals, recent observations on animal behavior has given alternative reasons for the engagement in sexual activities by animals.  Animals have been observed to engage in sex for social interaction, demonstration of dominance, aggression relief, exchange for significant materials, and sexual stimulation.  Observed non-procreative sexual activities include non-copulatory mounting (without penetration, or by the female), oral sex, genital stimulation, anal stimulation, interspecies mating, and acts of affection.  There have also been observations of animals engaging in homosexual behaviors, as well as sex with dead animals and sex involving juveniles.
Answer: Homosexuality