Question: Are Julio Cortázar and Edward Abbey both American essayists?
Context: Jonathan Troy (1954) was Edward Abbey's first published novel, as detailed in James M. Cahalan's biography of Abbey.  Only 5,000 copies were printed and almost immediately after it was released the author wanted to disown the work.  He asked that it never be published again, and it has not been, making it very rare and the only one of his eight novels that many Edward Abbey fans have not read. Intimidad de los parques is a 1965 Argentine film directed by Manuel Antín.  Like Antín's film "Circe," it is based on a short story by Antín's compatriot Julio Cortázar.  Cortázar was bitterly disappointed in the film and expressed his sentiments in a pair of letters to Antín written in March and April 1965. Edward Paul Abbey (January 29, 1927 – March 14, 1989) was an American author and essayist noted for his advocacy of environmental issues, criticism of public land policies, and anarchist political views.  His best-known works include the novel "The Monkey Wrench Gang", which has been cited as an inspiration by environmental groups, and the non-fiction work "Desert Solitaire". Gregory Kolovakos (July 30, 1951 - April 16, 1990) was an American literary translator and activist, best known as a translator of Latin American literature by writers such as Jorge Luis Borges, Julio Cortázar, José Donoso and Mario Vargas Llosa, and as the founding executive director of the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. Último round (the title translates as "Last Round", as in boxing) is a two-volume work by Julio Cortázar published by Siglo XXI Editores in 1969.  Containing nearly one hundred articles, essays, poems, short stories, and sketches by Cortázar, it is illustrated with reproductions of various drawings, paintings, and photographs.  Portions of the volumes were included in the English-language collection "Around the Day in Eighty Worlds." La vuelta al día en ochenta mundos is a two-volume collection of short pieces by Julio Cortázar, which was published by Siglo XXI Editores in 1967.  Portions of the collection, along with portions of Cortázar's later two-volume collection "Último round," were translated by Thomas Christensen and published by North Point Press in 1986 under the title "Around the Day in Eighty Worlds."  The contents of the North Point volume match the selection (made by the author) for the corresponding French-language edition, "Le Tour du jour en quatre-vingt mondes" (1980). Anne McLean is a Canadian translator of Spanish literature.  She began to learn Spanish in her late twenties and developed her language skills while living in Central America.  Some years later in England, she took a master's degree in literary translation.  McLean has translated a number of Spanish and Latin American authors, including Julio Cortázar, Javier Cercas, Evelio Rosero, Juan Gabriel Vásquez, and Carmen Martín Gaite, among others.  Jointly with the author, she won the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize: in 2004 for her translation of "Soldiers of Salamis" and again in 2009 for "The Armies" by Evelio Rosero. Julio Cortázar, born Jules Florencio Cortázar (] ; August 26, 1914 – February 12, 1984), was an Argentine novelist, short story writer, and essayist.  Known as one of the founders of the Latin American Boom, Cortázar influenced an entire generation of Spanish-speaking readers and writers in the Americas and Europe. The Latin American Boom was a flourishing of literature, poetry and criticism in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s, when writers from this region explored new ideas and came to international renown in a way that had not happened previously.  Major figures of the boom include Julio Cortázar, Gabriel García Márquez, Carlos Fuentes, Jorge Luis Borges, and Mario Vargas Llosa. The Russell Tribunal, also known as the International War Crimes Tribunal, Russell-Sartre Tribunal, or Stockholm Tribunal, was a private body organised by British philosopher and Nobel Prize winner Bertrand Russell and hosted by French philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre.  Along with Lelio Basso, Ken Coates, Ralph Schoenman, Julio Cortázar and several others, the tribunal investigated and evaluated American foreign policy and military intervention in Vietnam, following the 1954 defeat of French forces at Diên Biên Phu and the establishment of North and South Vietnam.  The tribunal did not investigate alleged war crimes by the Viet Cong; Schoenman commented: "Lord Russell would think no more of doing that than of trying the Jews of the Warsaw Ghetto for their uprising against the Nazis."
Answer: no