Question: Which "boss of bosses" Mafia member was behind the murder of New York City police sergeant Joseph Petrosino?
Context: Joseph "Joe" Petrosino (August 30, 1860 – March 12, 1909) was a New York City police officer who was a pioneer in the fight against organized crime.  The various crime fighting techniques that Petrosino pioneered during his law enforcement career are still practiced by various agencies. Max Finkelstein (March 5, 1884–May 3, 1940) was a captain in the New York City Police Department.  As president of Shomrim, a fraternal order of Jewish New York City police officers, he became famous in 1938 when Fiorello H. La Guardia picked him to lead a special squad, whose job was to safeguard visiting officials from Nazi Germany and guard the German consulate.  La Guardia's decision to appoint Finkelstein and the other Jewish officers was likely inspired by a decision made by Theodore Roosevelt, when he was New York City Police Commissioner.  When an anti-semitic preacher, Hermann Ahlwardt, decided to speak in New York, Roosevelt assigned 40 Jewish police officers to protect him, in an effort to make the preacher look "ridiculous". The New York City Police Museum (NYCPM) celebrates the history and contributions of the New York City Police Department, established in 1845.  The museum is located in Lower Manhattan in New York City, near Wall Street and the South Street Seaport.  While one of the museum's primary focuses is a memorial to September 11th, the museum contains a wide range of information on the history of the NYPD.  The museum, which grew from a gallery housed at the New York City Police Academy, opened at 26 Broadway at Bowling Green in January 2000 and re-opened in a new location at 100 Old Slip, former home of the First Precinct, in January 2002.  In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused substantial damage at 100 Old Slip, and the museum reopened on October 24, 2013 at 45 Wall Street.  That location closed in 2014 and the museum's future plans are unclear. Enrico Alfano (born 1869 or 1870; date of death unknown), also known as "Erricone", was considered to be one of the chiefs of the Camorra, a Mafia-type organisation in the region of Campania and its capital Naples in Italy, at the turn of the 20th century.  He was described as "a kind of president of the confederation."  According to some sources, Alfano was the man behind the murder of New York City police sergeant Joseph Petrosino in Palermo in 1909.  However, the murder has since been attributed to the Sicilian Mafia, and to Vito Cascioferro in particular. Colonel Arthur Hale Woods (January 29, 1870 – May 12, 1942) was an American educator, journalist, military and law enforcement officer.  One of the most prominent police reformers during the early 20th century, he served as deputy New York City Police Commissioner from 1907 to 1909 and later became New York City Police Commissioner in 1914.  During his time with the New York City Police Department, he was largely responsible for initiating the application of criminology and sociology in modern policing. Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino Park is a New York City public park located in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, New York City between 70th Street to the north, 71st Street to the south, 16th Avenue to the east, and New Utrecht Avenue to the west.  It is on the east side of the 71st Street subway station ( trains ).  This part of Bensonhurst was within the Town of Nieuw Utrecht when it was founded during the Dutch colonial era in 1657.  The town had its name Anglicized to New Utrecht during the English colonial era.  The town lost its autonomous status and became part of the City of Brooklyn in 1894.  Since 16th Avenue and New Utrecht Avenue do not run parallel to each other, the footprint of the park is trapezoidal in shape. The New York City Transit Police Department was a law enforcement agency in New York City that existed from 1953 (with the creation of the New York City Transit Authority) to 1995, and is currently part of the NYPD.  The roots of this organization go back to 1936 when Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia authorized the hiring of special patrolmen for the New York City Subway.  These patrolmen eventually became officers of the Transit Police.  In 1949, the department was officially divorced from the New York City Police Department, but was eventually fully re-integrated in 1995 as the Transit Bureau of the New York City Police Department by New York City Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani. Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino Square is small triangular park in lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by Cleveland Place and Lafayette and Kenmare Streets, two blocks north of the old police headquarters at 240 Centre Street, at the juncture of the Little Italy, Nolita, and SoHo neighborhoods.  Formerly Kenmare Square, it changed its name in 1987 in honor of Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino. Francis J. Banfield (December 1827 – March 4, 1883) was an American soldier, law enforcement officer, police sergeant and founding member of the New York City Police Department "Steamboat Squad".  Born in England, he emigrated to the United States as a child.  He worked as a painter in his youth and later served in the Mexican-American War.  He lived in California for a time before returning the New York to join the police force in June 1857. Vito Cascioferro or Vito Cascio Ferro (January 22, 1862 – September 20, 1943), also known as Don Vito, was a prominent member of the Sicilian Mafia.  He also operated for several years in the United States.  He is often depicted as the "boss of bosses", although such a position does not exist in the loose structure of Cosa Nostra in Sicily.
Answer: Vito Cascioferro