Question: Irwin Stone originally published the hypothesis that which vitamin can be used as a supplement to treat and prevent scurvy?
Context: Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent scurvy.  Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.  It may be taken by mouth or by injection. Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to prevent and treat riboflavin deficiency and prevent migraines.  It may be given by mouth or injection. Mount Waugh ( ) is a mountain, 585 m, standing at the south side of Beascochea Bay 3.5 nautical miles (6 km) northeast of Nunez Point, on the west coast of Graham Land.  First charted by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot, 1908-10.  Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959 for W.A. Waugh, American biochemist who, with Charles Glen King, first identified the antiscorbutic component from lemon juice, making possible the production of synthetic vitamin C to prevent scurvy, in 1932. Retinol, also known as Vitamin A, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency, especially that which is resulting in xerophthalmia.  In areas where deficiency is common a single large dose is recommended to those at high risk a couple of times a year.  It is also used to prevent further issues in those who have measles.  It is used by mouth or injection into a muscle. Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to treat certain bleeding disorders.  This includes in warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice.  It is also recommended to prevent and treat hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.  Use is typically recommended by mouth or injection under the skin.  Use by injection into a vein or muscle is recommended only when other routes are not possible.  When given by injection benefits are seen within two hours. Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B and pyridoxol, is a form of vitamin B found commonly in food and used as dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent pyridoxine deficiency, sideroblastic anaemia, pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, certain metabolic disorders, problems from isoniazid, and certain types of mushroom poisoning.  It is used by mouth or by injection. Irwin Stone (1907–1984) was an American biochemist, chemical engineer, and author.  He was the first to use ascorbic acid in the food processing industry as a preservative, and originated and published the hypothesis that humans require much larger amounts of Vitamin C for optimal health than is necessary to prevent scurvy. Ergocalciferol, also known as vitamin D and calciferol, is a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement.  As a supplement it is used to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency.  This includes vitamin D deficiency due to poor absorption by the intestines or liver disease.  It may also be used for low blood calcium due to hypoparathyroidism.  It is used by mouth or injection into a muscle. Posca was a popular drink in ancient Rome and Greece, made by mixing sour wine or vinegar with water and flavouring herbs.  It originated in Greece as a medicinal mixture but became an everyday drink for the Roman army and the lower classes from around the 2nd century BC, continuing to be used throughout Roman history and into the Byzantine period.  It was not usually drunk by the upper classes and was associated with the peasants.  It was made by reusing wine spoiled by faulty storage and had important dietary advantages.  As well as being a source of liquid, it provided calories and was an antiscorbutic, helping to prevent scurvy by providing vitamin C.  Its acidity killed harmful bacteria and the flavouring helped to overcome the bad taste of local water supplies. Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties.  It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish.  It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions.  Ascorbic acid is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C.  It was originally called -hexuronic acid, but, when it was found to have vitamin C activity in animals ("vitamin C" being defined as a vitamin activity, not then a specific substance), the suggestion was made to rename it.  The new name, ascorbic acid, is derived from "a-" (meaning "no") and "scorbutus" (scurvy), the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. Because it is derived from glucose, many animals are able to produce it, but humans require it as part of their nutrition.  Other vertebrates which lack the ability to produce ascorbic acid include some primates, guinea pigs, teleost fishes, bats, and some birds, all of which require it as a dietary micronutrient (that is, in vitamin form).
Answer: Vitamin C