Question: Joseph L. Lewis, was an American freethinker and atheist activist, publisher, and litigator, he later credited, The Age of Reason, a work with helping him leave theism, by which English and American political activist, arguing for the philosophical position of Deism?
Context: The American Unitarian Conference (AUC) is a religious organization and a missionary and publication society which serves the needs of individual Unitarian believers.  It was founded in 2000 by several Unitarian Universalists who felt that the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) had become too theologically liberal and too political.  They decided their mission was to promote classical Unitarianism, which they argued as being based on Christian beliefs though not solely confined by them.  They also hoped their organization would be of interest to non-Christians who embrace generic or philosophical theism and Deism. God in the Age of Science? : A Critique of Religious Reason is a 2012 book by the Dutch philosopher Herman Philipse, written in English and published in the United Kingdom.  Philipse found his "Atheist Manifesto" (1995) to be too hastily and superficially written, and decided to set up a more complete work to systematically refute all the arguments for the existence of God epistemologically and to settle accounts with any reason to adhere to any form of theism. Joseph Lewis (June 11, 1889 – November 4, 1968) was an American freethinker and atheist activist, publisher, and litigator.  During the mid-twentieth century, he was one of America’s most conspicuous public atheists, the other being Emanuel Haldeman-Julius.  Born in Montgomery, Alabama to a Jewish family, he was forced by poverty to leave school at the age of nine to find employment.  He read avidly, becoming self-educated.  Lewis developed his ideas from reading, among others, Robert G. Ingersoll, whose published works made him aware of Thomas Paine.  He later credited Paine's "The Age of Reason" with helping him leave theism. Daniel Edwin Barker (born June 25, 1949) is an American atheist activist who served as a Christian preacher and musician for 19 years but left Christianity in 1984.  He and his wife Annie Laurie Gaylor are the current co-presidents of the Freedom From Religion Foundation.  He has written numerous articles for "Freethought Today", an American freethought newspaper.  He is the author of several books including "Losing Faith in Faith: From Preacher to Atheist". Patrick Greene is a former atheist activist from San Antonio, Texas.  He became a recognizable figure in the media for threatening to bring a lawsuit against Henderson County for displaying a nativity scene in front of the courthouse during the Christmas season.  The motion caused thousands of individuals to rally in Athens, Texas to protest the proposition to remove the nativity scene.  Greene planned to organize a demonstration against the crèche but rescinded, citing medical reasons.  The former and current activist received monetary donations from the Baptist church which had erected the display, in order to assist in Greene's surgery.  Two months later, Greene announced his conversion to Christianity, a faith he left again one month later. In philosophy, spiritualism is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.  This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a universal mind or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely materialistic interpretations.  Generally, any philosophical position, be it dualism, monism, atheism, theism, pantheism, idealism or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter.  Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism. Deism ( or ; derived from Latin "deus" meaning "god") is a philosophical position that posits that a god does not interfere directly with the world.  It also rejects revelation as a source of religious knowledge and asserts that reason and observation of the natural world are sufficient to determine the existence of a single creator of the universe. A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.  The "Treatise" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.  In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.  Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the "extent and force of human understanding".  Against the philosophical rationalists, Hume argues that passion rather than reason governs human behaviour.  He introduces the famous problem of induction, arguing that inductive reasoning and our beliefs regarding cause and effect cannot be justified by reason; instead, our faith in induction and causation is the result of mental habit and custom.  Hume defends a sentimentalist account of morality, arguing that ethics is based on sentiment and passion rather than reason, and famously declaring that "reason is, and ought only to be the slave to the passions".  Hume also offers a skeptical theory of personal identity and a compatibilist account of free will. Goparaju Ramachandra Rao (nickname: Gora) (15 November 1902 – 26 July 1975) was an Indian social reformer, atheist activist and a participant in the Indian independence movement.  He authored many books on atheism and proposed atheism as self-confidence.  He propagated positive atheism by his articles, speeches, books and his social work.  He is the founder of Atheist Centre along with his wife Saraswathi Gora and a few volunteers. The Age of Reason; Being an Investigation of True and Fabulous Theology is a work by English and American political activist Thomas Paine, arguing for the philosophical position of Deism.  It follows in the tradition of eighteenth-century British deism, and challenges institutionalized religion and the legitimacy of the Bible.  It was published in three parts in 1794, 1795, and 1807.  It was a best-seller in the United States, where it caused a short-lived deistic revival.  British audiences, however, fearing increased political radicalism as a result of the French Revolution, received it with more hostility.  "The Age of Reason" presents common deistic arguments; for example, it highlights what Paine saw as corruption of the Christian Church and criticizes its efforts to acquire political power.  Paine advocates reason in the place of revelation, leading him to reject miracles and to view the Bible as "an ordinary piece of literature rather than as a divinely inspired text".  It promotes natural religion and argues for the existence of a creator-God.
Answer: Thomas Paine