Question: In what year was the person born who defeated Speaker Pro Tem Shane Schoeller in the 2012 election?
Context: Chris Peden is a Friendswood, Texas, City Councilman and served as Mayor Pro Tem.  Peden was elected to the Friendswood City Council in 2005, receiving over 67% of the vote.  One year after he was elected to City Council, Peden was elected Mayor Pro Tem by his fellow council members. The Malaysian Dayak Congress (MDC) or Malay: "Kongres Dayak Malaysia" is a political party in based in Sarawak, Malaysia representing the Dayak indigenous population.  The MDC submitted the relevant documents to the Registrar of Societies (ROS) for registration on 6 May 2005.  It is formed by group of supporters and leaders of the deregistered and defunct Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS) where most of them are supporters of the ex-Deputy President of PBDS, Datuk Seri Daniel Tajem who has involved in the 2003-2004 internal party leadership crisis.  As a result of the tussle of the PBDS internal leadership which Daniel Tajem supposedly take over but was disagreed by the party information chief, Daniel Tajem has caused PBDS to deregistered twice on 5 December 2003 and 21 October 2004 by ROS.  After the crisis, James Jemut Masing's group has formed and founded a new party Sarawak People's Party (PRS) that has joined the Barisan Nasional coalition.  While the registration for MDC submitted on 6 May 2005 was declined by the Ministry of Home Affairs (KDN) through its letters dated 9 April 2008 informing ROS decission on 19 July 2006 has rejected MDC application due to "Public Order and Security" under Article 7 of Societies Act 1966.  The pro tem committee of MDC has submitted their appeal on 12 August 2006, however up until now, the party never received its status as legal political party's status in Malaysia from Registrar of Societies (ROS).  The delay and reluctance of ROS to approve the registration of MDC has caused its pro tem committee deadlocked in their effort since they decided not to bring their case to the Judicial Court and just to leave their fate to god and ROS. Thomas A. Maloney (born May 22, 1889 in San Francisco, California - died January 15, 1986 in Belmont, California) was first elected to the California State Senate in 1924.  He was reelected in 1927.  In 1932 the Federal government instituted the Federal Reapportionment plan.  When this happened Senator Maloney decided to run for State Assembly instead of the State Senate.  He was elected to represent the 23rd assembly district.  He rose to become speaker pro tem in 1943 and kept the job through four speakers.  He held this position until 1956 when he lost the race for reelection.  During his time in the Senate and the Assembly Senator Maloney was elected as Speaker Pro Tempore of the Assembly and appointed to committees handling Constitutional Amendments, Finance and Insurance issues, and Government Organization issues.  He gained a reputation for supporting labor, industry and business. Myron Lowery was the Mayor Pro Tem of Memphis, Tennessee, from July 31, 2009 to October 26, 2009.  He is a former television news anchor for WMC-TV 5 in Memphis.  Mayor Pro Tem Lowery has served on the Memphis City Council since 1991.  He became interim mayor on July 31, 2009, following the retirement of Mayor W. W. Herenton.  He ran for Mayor of Memphis in a special election held on October 15, 2009, losing to A C Wharton. The Missouri Secretary of State election, 2012 was held on November 6, 2012, alongside the presidential and gubernatorial elections. Democratic State Representative Jason Kander defeated Republican Speaker Pro Tem Shane Schoeller by 39,085 votes. Shane Schoeller (born August 21, 1971), is an American former Republican member of the Missouri House of Representatives.  Schoeller represented the 139th district, encompassing North Springfield and the communities of Walnut Grove, Fair Grove, and Willard in the northern half of Greene County.  Schoeller also served as the Speaker Pro Tem of the House for the 96th General Assembly.  On August 13, 2012, Speaker of the Missouri House of Representatives Steven Tilley resigned.  As Speaker Pro Tem, Schoeller held the office for one month until a replacement was named. Jason David Kander (born May 4, 1981) is an American lawyer and politician.  A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected Secretary of State of Missouri in 2012, serving from 2013 to 2017.  He previously served as a state representative.  He was an intelligence officer in the Army National Guard, achieving the rank of Captain.  He was the Democratic nominee for the United States Senate, narrowly losing the 2016 Senate election to Republican incumbent Roy Blunt. Jeff A. Kaufmann (born 9 January 1963) is the former Iowa State Representative from the 79th District.  He served in the Iowa House of Representatives for 8 years - from his election in 2004 until his retirement in 2013.  He served in House leadership for 6 years, serving as the assistant minority leader and Speaker Pro Tem. Donald Walker (died September 28, 2009) was a United States politician who served from 1994 to 2009 as mayor of Warner Robins, Georgia.  He was in the midst of a campaign for a fourth term in office when he committed suicide by a self-inflicted gunshot wound.  He had previously temporarily stepped down as mayor during foot surgery in 2008, during which Clifford Holmes served as mayor pro tem; after Walker's death, John Havrilla currently serves as mayor pro tem until the next mayor is elected in November elections. Frank Paul Simoneaux (born October 30, 1933) is a lawyer in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, who served as a Democrat from 1972 to 1982 in the Louisiana House of Representatives.  His tenure corresponded with the first two terms of Governor Edwin Edwards and the first two years of the term of Republican David C. Treen.  From 1980 to 1982, Simoneaux was the House Speaker Pro Tem.  He resigned from the House with more than a year remaining in his third term.
Answer: 1981