Question: The Doctrine of Chances was the first textbook on probability theory written by a mathematician who fled France to escape the persecution of French Protestants who follow what?
Context: François Dubois (1529–1584) was a French Huguenot painter who was born in Amiens.  His only surviving work is the best known depiction of the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572, when French Catholics killed French Protestants (Huguenots) in Paris.  It is not known whether Dubois himself was present at the event but a close relative, the surgeon Antoine Dubois, died in the slaughter.  Dubois fled to Lausanne to escape the persecution of the Huguenots and a fellow refugee, a banker from Lyon, commissioned the painting to commemorate the massacre. Bálint Tόth (born 1955) is a Hungarian mathematician whose work concerns probability theory.  He has worked in various fields of probability theory and mathematical physics, for example in microscopic models of Brownian motion, Radha Govind Laha (1 October 1930 – 14 July 1999) was a probabilist, statistician, and mathematician, known for his work in probability theory, characteristic functions, and characterisation of distributions.  He was born in Calcutta, India and he was a student of C. R. Rao at Calcutta University, where in 1957 he earned a doctorate in analytical probability theory from the prestigious Indian Statistical Institute.  His dissertation was entitled "Some Characterization Problems in Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics". In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution (French pronunciation ] ; in American English usually ), named after French mathematician Siméon Denis Poisson, is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time and/or space if these events occur with a known constant rate and independently of the time since the last event.  The Poisson distribution can also be used for the number of events in other specified intervals such as distance, area or volume. The Doctrine of Chances was the first textbook on probability theory, written by 18th-century French mathematician Abraham de Moivre and first published in 1718.  De Moivre wrote in English because he resided in England at the time, having fled France to escape the persecution of Huguenots.  The book's title came to be synonymous with "probability theory", and accordingly the phrase was used in Thomas Bayes' famous posthumous paper "An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances", wherein a version of Bayes' theorem was first introduced. Huguenots (English pronunciation or ; French: "Les huguenots" , ] ) are the ethnoreligious group of French Protestants who follow the Reformed tradition. The Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act 1708 (7 Anne c. 5), sometimes referred to as the Foreign and Protestants Naturalization Act 1708, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain.  It was passed to allow the naturalisation of French Protestants (Huguenots) who had fled to Britain since the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.  It was one of the British Subjects Acts 1708 to 1772. A Choquet integral is a subadditive or superadditive integral created by the French mathematician Gustave Choquet in 1953.  It was initially used in statistical mechanics and potential theory, but found its way into decision theory in the 1980s, where it is used as a way of measuring the expected utility of an uncertain event.  It is applied specifically to membership functions and capacities.  In imprecise probability theory, the Choquet integral is also used to calculate the lower expectation induced by a 2-monotone lower probability, or the upper expectation induced by a 2-alternating upper probability. The Edict of Fontainebleau was issued June 1, 1540 by the French King Francis I while at his Palace of Fontainebleau.  It occurred after the "Affair of the Placards" turned Francis I's policy from one of tolerance to the persecution of the Protestants.  The Edict stated that the Protestant heresy was "high treason against God and mankind" and so deserved the appropriate punishments of torture, loss of property, public humiliation, and death.  Thus, the Edict of Fountainebleau codified the persecution of the French Protestants or Huguenots and was the first of many edicts in France to persecute the Huguenots.  The next major edict was the Edict of Châteaubriant issued by Henry II of France. In probability theory, conditional probability is a measure of the probability of an event given that (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) another event has occurred.  If the event of interest is "A" and the event "B" is known or assumed to have occurred, "the conditional probability of "A" given "B"", or "the probability of "A" under the condition "B"", is usually written as "P"("A"|"B"), or sometimes "P" ("A").  For example, the probability that any given person has a cough on any given day may be only 5%.  But if we know or assume that the person has a cold, then they are much more likely to be coughing.  The conditional probability of coughing given that you have a cold might be a much higher 75%.
Answer: the Reformed tradition