Question: Publius Papinius Statius is known for his appearance as a guide in the "Purgatory", a poem written in what century?
Context: Adonaïs: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats, Author of Endymion, Hyperion, etc. , also spelled Adonaies, is a pastoral elegy written by Percy Bysshe Shelley for John Keats in 1821, and widely regarded as one of Shelley's best and most well-known works.  The poem, which is in 495 lines in 55 Spenserian stanzas, was composed in the spring of 1821 immediately after 11 April, when Shelley heard of Keats' death (seven weeks earlier).  It is a pastoral elegy, in the English tradition of John Milton's "Lycidas".  Shelley had studied and translated classical elegies.  The title of the poem is modelled on ancient works, such as "Achilleïs" (a poem about Achilles), an epic poem by the 1st century CE Roman poet, Statius, and refers to the untimely death of the Greek Adonis, a god of fertility.  Some critics suggest that Shelley used Virgil's tenth Eclogue, in praise of Cornelius Gallus, as a model. Purgatorio (] ; Italian for "Purgatory") is the second part of Dante's "Divine Comedy", following the "Inferno", and preceding the "Paradiso".  The poem was written in the early 14th century.  It is an allegory telling of the climb of Dante up the Mount of Purgatory, guided by the Roman poet Virgil, except for the last four cantos at which point Beatrice takes over as Dante's guide. Publius Papinius Statius ( ; c. 45c.  96 AD) was a Roman poet of the 1st century AD (Silver Age of Latin literature).  His surviving Latin poetry includes an epic in twelve books, the "Thebaid"; a collection of occasional poetry, the "Silvae"; and an unfinished epic, the "Achilleid".  He is also known for his appearance as a guide in the "Purgatory" section of Dante's epic poem "The Divine Comedy". The Thebaid ( ; Latin: "Thēbaïs") is a Latin epic in 12 books written in dactylic hexameter by Publius Papinius Statius (AD c. 45 – c. 96).  The poem deals with the Theban cycle and treats the assault of the seven champions of Argos against the city of Thebes. Manto is a didactic poem written in Latin in the 1480s by the Italian poet and humanist Poliziano.  In it Poliziano pairs the goddesses of Revenge and Fate--Nemesis and Fortuna—to introduce the works of Virgil.  Poliziano collected Manto with three other poems in his "Silvae" ("Woodlands") collection, a title he took from the Roman poet Statius.  Poliziano used Manto along with the other poems in his "Silvae" as prologues to his classical courses which he taught in Florence; in 1516, they received a French edition. The Achilleid (Latin: "Achilleis" ) is an unfinished epic poem by Publius Papinius Statius that was intended to present the life of Achilles from his youth through his death at Troy.  Only about one and a half books (1,127 dactylic hexameters) were completed before the poet's death.  What remains is an account of the hero's early life with Chiron the centaur, and an episode in which his mother Thetis disguised him as a girl on the island of Scyros before he joined the Greek expedition against Troy. Dafydd Baentiwr was a 16th-century Welsh poet.  A bardic controversy ("ymryson") contains his only known surviving works (a poem written by Dafydd to Gruffydd, a poem written by Gruffydd in reply, and another poem written by Dafydd). The Silvae is a collection of Latin occasional poetry in hexameters, hendecasyllables, and lyric meters by Publius Papinius Statius (c. 45 – c. 96 CE).  There are 32 poems in the collection, divided into five books.  Each book contains a prose preface which introduces and dedicates the book.  The subjects of the poetry are varied and provide scholars with a wealth of information on Domitian's Rome and Statius' life. The Dream of Gerontius is a poem written by John Henry Newman consisting of the prayer of a dying man, and angelic and demonic responses.  The poem, written after Newman's conversion from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism, explores his new Catholic-held beliefs of the journey from death through Paradise to God and thence to Purgatory.  The poem follows the main character as he nears death and then reawakens as a soul, preparing for judgment, following one of the most important events any human can experience: death. Jnanappana is a devotional poem written by the 16th century Malayalam poet Poonthanam.  This poem written as a devotional prayer to Guruvayoorappan is considered as an important work in Malayalam literature.  Written in simple Malayalam, the Jnanappana was Poonthanam's magnum opus and is an important work of Bhakti literature from Kerala and is revered for its poetic merit and intensity of devotion.
Answer: the early 14th century