Question: What British soldier received an award from Royal Society judges for a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science"?
Context: A Royal Medal, known also as The King's Medal or The Queen's Medal, depending on the gender of the monarch at the time of the award, is a silver-gilt medal, of which three are awarded each year by the Royal Society, two for "the most important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge" and one for "distinguished contributions in the applied sciences", done within the Commonwealth of Nations.  The award was created by George IV and awarded first during 1826.  Initially there were two medals awarded, both for the most important discovery within the year previous, a time period which was lengthened to five years and then shortened to three.  The format was endorsed by William IV and Victoria, who had the conditions changed during 1837 so that mathematics was a subject for which a Royal Medal could be awarded, albeit only every third year.  The conditions were changed again during 1850 so that: The Comer Range ( ) is a mountain range, 3 nmi long, running southwest to northeast and rising to 600 meters to the west of Harbour Glacier in Wiencke Island, Palmer Archipelago.  From south to north the range includes Jabet Peak and Noble Peak.  Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2007 after Gary Comer (1927-2006), an American philanthropist and founder of the Lands' End company whose association with polar research stems from his 2001 trip through the Northwest Passage in the vessel "Turmoil".  The ease of his passage in comparison to that of numerous experienced sailors previously convinced him that climate change was occurring.  To research the issue Comer contacted distinguished scientists Wallace S. Broecker, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, and F. Sherwood Rowland, University of California, Irvine, and engaged their help in sponsoring a fellowship/mentorship program that he would fund.  Comer’s investments in climate and environmental change research in the Arctic, and in particular the polar science internship program that he developed and supported, represents a substantial contribution to the advancement of polar science.  The new intellectual capital represented by the cadre of new scientists trained through his internship program has already made substantial contributions to knowledge of the Arctic and this in turn represents a significant contribution to improving the global glacial-geologic and glaciological context that is essential for understanding climate change work in the Antarctic. The Royal Society (The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge), is a society for science in the Unites people ed Kingdom. Fellowship of the Royal Society is open to scientists, engineers and technologists from the United Kingdom and Commonwealth of Nations, on the basis of having made "a substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science".  Election to the Fellowship is highly regarded and sought after, bringing prestige to both the individual academically and the institution the Fellow is associated with.  For scientists in the United Kingdom, the recognition is considered second only to being awarded the Nobel Prize. Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society judges to have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science". The Copley Medal is a scientific award given by the Royal Society, for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science."  It alternates between the physical and the biological sciences.  Given every year, the medal is the oldest Royal Society medal still awarded, and probably the oldest surviving scientific award in the world, having first been given in 1731 to Stephen Gray, for "his new Electrical Experiments: – as an encouragement to him for the readiness he has always shown in obliging the Society with his discoveries and improvements in this part of Natural Knowledge". The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science and is possibly the oldest such society still in existence.  Founded in November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as "The Royal Society".  The Society is the United Kingdom's and Commonwealth of Nations' Academy of Sciences and fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, fostering international and global co-operation, education and public engagement. The Hector Medal (formerly known as the Hector Memorial Medal) is a science award given by the Royal Society of New Zealand in memory of Sir James Hector to researchers working in New Zealand.  It is awarded annually in rotation for different sciences – currently there are three: chemical sciences; physical sciences; mathematical and information sciences.  It is given to a researcher who "has undertaken work of great scientific or technological merit and has made an outstanding contribution to the advancement of the particular branch of science."  It was previously rotated through more fields of science – in 1918 they were: botany, chemistry, ethnology, geology, physics (including mathematics and astronomy), zoology (including animal physiology).  For a few years it was awarded biennially – it was not awarded in 2000, 2002 or 2004. The Independence Day Award (Bengali: স্বাধীনতা পদক ), also termed Independence Award (Bengali: স্বাধীনতা পুরস্কার ), Swadhinata Padak, and Swadhinata Puroskar, is the highest state award given by the government of Bangladesh.  Introduced in 1977, this award is bestowed upon Bangladeshi citizens or organizations in recognition of substantial contribution to one of many fields, including the War of Liberation, the Language Movement, education, literature, journalism, public service, science and technology, medical science, social science, song, games and sports, fine arts, rural development, and other areas. George Martin Lees MC DFC FRS (16 April 1898 – 5 January 1955) was a British soldier, geologist and leading authority on the geology of the Middle East.
Answer: George Martin Lees