Question: What is considered the Kingdom of Italy established from 493 to 553?
Context: Egypt–Italy relations refer to relations between Egypt and Italy.  Relations were first established during the period of the Roman Republic, when the Ptolemaic Kingdom frequently interacted with Rome, culminating in the Roman annexation of Egypt in 30 BC.  With the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and Egypt's continuation as a province of the Eastern Roman Empire until the Islamic conquest in 642 AD, there were no independent states of Italy and Egypt, and as such no diplomatic relations.  Cultural ties between Egypt and Italy distanced further over time with the Islamisation of Egypt and the strength of Catholicism in Italy.  It would not be until Egypt's official independence from the Ottomans in 1914 that relations with Italy would be reestablished.  With the rise of Mussolini and fascism in Italy and the eventual Italian invasion of Egypt during World War II, relations became severely strained.  However, after the war, relations were re-established and the countries now have a cordial relationship.  Egypt has an embassy in both Rome and Milan, while Italy has an embassy in both Cairo and Alexandria.  Egypt and Italy are both members of the Union for the Mediterranean. Italy, as a single nation state, began only in 1861, after the Piedmont-based Kingdom of Sardinia conquered most of present-day Italy.  At that point, titles were recognized to all who held them according to the law of so-called "pre-unitarian" States.  Consequently, the Kingdom of Italy had several different nobility traditions, one for each pre-unitarian State and one for the unified state (that was actually the Piedmontese-Savoyard one).  That is why the Italian College of Arms, called "Consulta araldica" (heraldic council), was organized in 14 "regional" commissions.  Common rules concerning all titles were established only in 1926.  That is why a list of Italian marquisates has to be divided into different pre-unitarian lists, plus a unified list for titles granted after 1861.  The latter should be completed with titles granted by the last King of Italy, Humbert II, during his exile and after the proclamation of the republic (1946), until his death in 1983: these concessions base upon the fact that he was not defeated in war and thus remained a king, that is a "fons honorum", but this issue is controversial, titles granted by a non-reigning king not being recognized by most noble and royal families in Europe.  Only the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Corpo della Nobiltà Italiana recognize these titles, while the CILANE treats them as mere titles of courtesy. The Ostrogothic Kingdom, officially the Kingdom of Italy (Latin: "Regnum Italiae"), was established by the Ostrogoths in Italy and neighbouring areas from 493 to 553. Ostrogothic Ravenna refers to the time period in which Ravenna was the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy.  Ravenna is a city in Northeastern Italy that served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom which existed between 493 and 553 CE.  During that time Ravenna saw a great renovation, in particular under Theodoric the Great (454–526).  During his rule Ravenna saw many of its finest monuments constructed or renovated including the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, the Palace of Theoderic and Mausoleum of Theodoric.  Many of these monuments reflected Theodoric's, as well as the Goths as a people, religion of Arian Christianity.  Though an Arian Christian himself, Theodoric's rule was a time of religious tolerance in the city of Ravenna.  His religious tolerance extended also to forging a balance between the Romans and Goths in Ravenna.  Theodoric attempted to model Ravenna as a capital equivalent to that of Rome or Constantinople and as such was a defender of classical antiquity in a western world that saw much of its classical heritage disappearing. The following is a complete list of Presidents of Molise.  Molise (] ) (Molisano: "Mulise") is a region of Southern Italy established in 1970.  Prior to then, it was part of the region of Abruzzi e Molise Abruzzo (] ) is a region of Italy in Southern Italy, with an area of 10,763 square km (4,156 sq mi) and a population of 1.3 million.  Its western border lies 80 km east of Rome.  The region is divided into the four provinces of L'Aquila, Teramo, Pescara, and Chieti.  Abruzzo borders the region of Marche to the north, Lazio to the west and south-west, Molise to the south-east, and the Adriatic Sea to the east.  Geographically, Abruzzo is divided into a mountainous area to the west, which includes the Gran Sasso D'italia, and a coastal area to the east with beaches on the Adriatic sea.  Abruzzo is considered culturally, linguistically, historically, and economically a region of Southern Italy, although geographically it may also be considered central.  The Italian Statistical Authority (ISTAT) deems it to be part of Southern Italy, partially because of Abruzzo's historic association with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: "Regno d'Italia" ) was a state which existed from 1861, when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic.  The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which can be considered its legal predecessor state. The Ostrogothic Papacy was a period from 493 to 537 where the papacy was strongly influenced by the Ostrogothic Kingdom, if the pope was not outright appointed by the Ostrogothic King.  The selection and administration of popes during this period was strongly influenced by Theodoric the Great and his successors Athalaric and Theodahad.  This period terminated with Justinian I's (re)conquest of Rome during the Gothic War (535–554), inaugurating the Byzantine Papacy (537-752). The Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy was the bicameral parliament of the Kingdom of Italy.  It was established in 1861 to replace the Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia and lasted until 18 June 1946, when it was replaced by the present-day Italian Parliament.  It was formed of a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies or after 1939 the Chamber of Fasci and Corporations) and an upper house (Senate of the Kingdom of Italy). The House of Savoy (Italian: "Casa Savoia" ), is a royal family that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region.  Through gradual expansion, the family grew in power from ruling a small county in the Alps of northern Italy to absolute rule of the kingdom of Sicily in 1713.  Through its junior branch, the House of Savoy-Carignano, it led the unification of Italy in 1861 and ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until 1946 and, briefly, the Kingdom of Spain in the 19th century.  The Savoyard kings of Italy were Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Victor Emmanuel III, and Umberto II.  The last monarch ruled for a few weeks before being deposed following the Constitutional Referendum of 1946, after which the Italian Republic was proclaimed.
Answer: the Ostrogothic Kingdom