Question: Which meteorological data assimilation project is a joint product from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research?
Context: The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data set is a continually updated (1948–present) globally gridded data set that represents the state of the Earth's atmosphere, incorporating observations and numerical weather prediction (NWP) model output from 1948 to present.  It is a joint product from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).  (See also Meteorological reanalysis.) A mesoscale discussion (MD) is a short-term technical weather forecast (and nowcast) issued by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) national guidance centers.  They typically are issued 1-6 hours prior to a weather event and contain a map illustrating relevant meteorological variables and the area covered.  Forecasts concerning thunderstorms, such as high winds, hail, and tornadoes are mesoscale convective discussions (MCDs) issued by the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) and forecasts concerning precipitation (heavy rainfall, flash flooding) are mesoscale precipitation discussions (MPDs) issued by the Weather Prediction Center (WPC). The Weather Prediction Center (WPC), located in College Park, Maryland, is one of nine service centers under the umbrella of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), a part of the National Weather Service (NWS), which in turn is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the U.S. government.  Until March 5, 2013 the Weather Prediction Center was known as the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (HPC).  The Weather Prediction Center serves as a center for quantitative precipitation forecasting, medium range forecasting (three to eight days), and the interpretation of numerical weather prediction models. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) system designed to serve both atmospheric research and operational forecasting needs.  NWP refers to the simulation and prediction of the atmosphere with a computer model, and WRF is a set of software for this.  WRF features two dynamical (computational) cores (or "solvers"), a data assimilation system, and a software architecture allowing for parallel computation and system extensibility.  The model serves a wide range of meteorological applications across scales ranging from meters to thousands of kilometers. The Local Data Manager (LDM) is a suite of programs for the distribution of near real-time atmospheric earth data to researchers and educators free of charge as it becomes available.  The system is specifically focused with passing, receiving, and managing arbitrary data products accessed through event-driven (push) technologies via the Internet.  Data products mostly include GOES satellite imagery, radar imagery, and model output from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, the Canadian Meteorological Centre, and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center. Eugenia Kalnay (born 1 October 1942) is an Argentine meteorologist and a Distinguished University Professor of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, which is part of the University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences at the University of Maryland, College Park in the United States.  She is the recipient of the 54th International Meteorological Organization Prize in 2009 from the World Meteorological Organization for her work on numerical weather prediction, data assimilation, and ensemble forecasting.  As Director of the Environmental Modeling Center of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), Kalnay published the 1996 NCEP reanalysis paper, entitled “The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project”, which is one of the most cited papers in the geosciences.  She is listed as the author or co-author on over 120 scientific papers and wrote the book "Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability," which was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003. Richard A. Anthes (born March 9, 1944) was a long time president of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (from 1988 to 2012).  The Anthes Building in Boulder, Colorado, is the first UCAR-owned building to be named for an eminent scientist – and a living one at that.”  His area of study at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, focused on hurricanes and tropical cyclones.  Dr. Anthes taught as a professor for ten years at Pennsylvania State University before accepting a position at the National Center for Atmospheric Research as director of the Atmospheric and Prediction Division in 1981, a position he kept until 1986 when he became director of NCAR.  In 1988, he started working as president of UCAR, and retired from that position n 2012.  During his presidency at UCAR, he participated or chaired over forty different national committees for agencies such as NASA, NSF, and NOAA.  He also established a program aimed at increasing participation (especially of minority professionals) in the atmospheric sciences called SOARS (Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research and Science). A meteorological reanalysis is a meteorological data assimilation project which aims to assimilate historical observational data spanning an extended period, using a single consistent assimilation (or "analysis") scheme throughout. The Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) improves numerical weather, marine and climate predictions at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), through a broad program of research in data assimilation and modeling.  In support of the NCEP operational forecasting mission, the EMC develops, improves and monitors data assimilation systems and models of the atmosphere, ocean and coupled system, using advanced methods developed internally as well as cooperatively with scientists from Universities, NOAA Laboratories and other government agencies, and the international scientific community. The Monthly Weather Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Meteorological Society.  It covers research related to analysis and prediction of observed and modeled circulations of the atmosphere, including technique development, data assimilation, model validation, and relevant case studies.  This includes papers on numerical techniques and data assimilation techniques that apply to the atmosphere and/or ocean environment.  The editor-in-chief is David M. Schultz (University of Manchester).
Answer: Meteorological reanalysis