Question: Which Soviet sniper and a Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II became the source material for a character from "Enemy at the Gates?"
Context: Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union was considered by the Soviet Union to be part of German war reparations for the damage inflicted by Nazi Germany on the Soviet Union during World War II.  German civilians in Eastern Europe were deported to the USSR after World War II as forced laborers.  Ethnic Germans living in the USSR were deported during World War II and conscripted for forced labor.  German prisoners of war were also used as a source of forced labor during and after the war by the Soviet Union and the Western Allies. The German–Soviet Credit Agreement (also referred to as the German–Soviet Trade and Credit Agreement) was an economic arrangement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany whereby Soviet Union received an acceptance credit of 200 million Reichsmark.  over 7 years with an effective interest rate of 4.5 percent.  The credit line was to be used during the next two years for purchase of capital goods (factory equipment, installations, machinery and machine tools, ships, vehicles, and other means of transport) in Germany and was to be paid off by means of Soviet material shipment from 1946 onwards.  The economic agreement was the first step toward improvement in relations between the Soviet Union and Germany.  The next day after the Credit Agreement, the Soviet Union went to war against Japan, in a successful four-week military campaign in the Far East.  The Nazi-Soviet Pact was signed four days after the Credit Agreement.  The 1939 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement renewed declined Nazi–Soviet economic relations and was adjusted and expanded with the larger German–Soviet Commercial Agreement in February 1940 and January 1941 German–Soviet Border and Commercial Agreement.  German shipments to the Soviets became tardy and failed to provide all that was promised the closer the date of Barbarossa came.  The Soviets fulfilled their obligations to the letter right up until the invasion, wanting to avoid provoking Germany.  All these agreements were terminated when Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, in violation of the treaties between the two countries.  Soviet trade with Germany in the pre-invasion period ended up providing the Germans with many of the resources they needed for their invasion of the Soviet Union. Ivan Ustinovich Kharchenko (Ukrainian: Іван Устинович Харченко , 23 September 1918 - 1 July 1989) was a Soviet Army Military engineering Colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union.  During World War II, he was a platoon commander.  Kharchenko received was promoted to Junior lieutenant in 1939, lieutenant in 1943 and senior lieutenant in 1944.  He reportedly personally defused more than 50,000 explosives, including bombs, mines and shells.  For his actions in defusing explosives, Kharchenko was named a Hero of the Soviet Union and awarded the Gold Star and Order of Lenin on 2 November 1944.  In the citation for the Hero of the Soviet Union award, it was stated that Kharchenko personally defused more than 1500 bombs weighing more than 500 kilograms each and 25,000 other explosive objects.  After World War II, Kharchenko continued his military service until retirement in 1964.  Until 1956 he was personally engaged in rendering innocuous explosive items left over from World War II. In October and November 1940, German–Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II.  The negotiations, which occurred during the era of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov, Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements.  After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940, Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers (Japan, Germany, Soviet Union, Italy).  Hitler, Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland's resources, and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans.  Molotov remained firm, seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans.  Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism.  In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia.  These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line.  According to a Columbia University academical source, on 25 November 1940, the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact, but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran.  Germany did not respond, leaving the negotiations unresolved.  Regarding the counterproposal, Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin "demands more and more", "he's a cold-blooded blackmailer" and that "a German victory has become unbearable for Russia" so that "she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible."  Germany broke the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union. Hermann Kreß (23 July 1895 – 11 August 1943) was a German general (Generalleutnant) in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 4th Mountain Division.  He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.  Kreß was killed instantly by a shot in the head from a Soviet sniper on 11 August 1943 near Novorossiysk, Soviet Union. Vasily Grigoryevich Zaytsev; 23 March 1915 – 15 December 1991) was a Soviet sniper and a Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II.  Prior to 10 November, he killed 32 Axis soldiers with a standard-issue rifle.  Between 10 November 1942 and 17 December 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad, he killed 225 enemy soldiers, including 11 snipers. List of Azerbaijani Heroes of the Soviet Union lists all ethnic Azerbaijani Heroes of the Soviet Union, along with their unit and rank at time of action, and the date of the award.  The title Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction of the Soviet Union.  42 Azerbaijanis were awarded the title, including three whose ethnicity is disputed.  All Azerbaiajni Heroes of the Soviet Union received their award for actions in World War II.  Hazi Aslanov was the only Azerbaijani to receive the title twice. Enemy at the Gates is a 2001 French-American war film written and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and based on William Craig's 1973 nonfiction book "", which describes the events surrounding the Battle of Stalingrad in the winter of 1942 and 1943.  The film's main character is a fictionalized version of sniper Vasily Zaytsev, a Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II.  It includes a snipers' duel between Zaytsev and a "Wehrmacht" sniper school director, Major Erwin König. Hero City (Russian: город-герой, "gorod-geroy" , Ukrainian: місто-герой, "misto-heroy" , Belarusian: горад-герой, "horad-heroy" ) is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (the Eastern Front was known in the former Soviet Union as The Great Patriotic War).  It was awarded to twelve cities of the Soviet Union.  In addition the Brest Fortress was awarded an equivalent title of Hero Fortress.  This symbolic distinction for a city corresponds to the individual distinction Hero of the Soviet Union. Noah Petrovich Adamiya (Georgian: ნოე ადამია , Noe Adamia; Russian: Ной Петрович Адамия ) (December 21, 1917 – July 3, 1942) was a Soviet sniper of the Soviet Maritime Forces and Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II.  He participated in the Sevastopol sniper movement and personally trained about 80 snipers.  Adamiya is credited with killing around 300 German soldiers during the Battle of Sevastopol.
Answer: Vasily Zaytsev