Question: Who formulated this constitutional principle that the Macau government abides by while being financially independent from the Central People's Government (CPG) in Beijing?
Context: The Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (; Portuguese: Governo da R.A.E. de Macau; conventional short name Macau Government, 澳門政府, Governo de Macau), are headed by secretariats or commissioners and report directly to the Chief Executive of Macau.  The affairs of the Government are decided by secretaries, who are appointed by the Chief Executive and endorsed by the Central People's Government (CPG) in Beijing.  As a special administrative region of the PRC, Macau has a high degree of autonomy, in light of the "One Country, Two Systems" policy.  The Macau Government, financially independent from the CPG, oversees the affairs of Macau. The Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (; abbr.  LOCPG or 中聯辦) is an organ of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).  It replaced the New China News Agency (NCNA) as the representative of the PRC government in Hong Kong in 2000. Women's Spirit: Financial Independence - for Women Victims of Violence is an Israeli Amruta that offers women victims of domestic violence the tools and support with which to become financially independent.  The organization seeks to raise awareness of violence against women and provide women with the tools and skills to become personally and financially independent. Tensions between people from Hong Kong and mainland China have developed since the handover of Hong Kong's sovereignty to China in 1997, and in particular since the late 2000s and early 2010s.  Various factors have contributed to the development of such tensions: these include a difference between the popular interpretation in Hong Kong of the "One country, two systems" constitutional principle as against the Chinese government's official interpretation; policies of the Hong Kong and central governments to encourage mainland visitors to Hong Kong; and changing economic environments in Hong Kong and mainland China.  Increasingly, these tensions have resulted in a rising sentiment in Hong Kong of hostility to "mainlanders" and resentment at a perceived trend towards assimilation and interference from the mainland and the central government, and at the same time a rising sentiment in mainland China of bewilderment and resentment at assertions that Hong Kong is, and should remain, different from the mainland in terms of political system, culture and language. The Macau Government Cantonese Romanization refers to the mostly consistent system for romanizing Cantonese as employed by the Government of Macau and other non-governmental organizations based in Macau.  The system has been employed by the Macau Government since the Portuguese colonial period and continues to be used after the 1999 handover of the territory.  Similarly to its counterpart romanization system in Hong Kong, the method is not completely standardized and thus is not taught in schools, but rather employed by government agencies to accurately display the correct pronunciation of Cantonese in public signage and official usage. In economics, a consumer unit is defined as either (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who pool their income to make joint expenditure decisions.  Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: housing, food, and other living expenses.  To be considered financially independent, a respondent must provide at least two of the three major expense categories. The time zones of China refer to the time zone divisions used in China between 1918 and 1949.  The first time zone plan was proposed by the Central Observatory (now Beijing Ancient Observatory) of the Beiyang government in Peking (Beijing) in 1918.  The proposal divided the country into five time zones: Kunlun (), Sinkiang-Tibet (), Kansu-Szechwan (), Chungyuan () and Changpai ().  These time zones were ratified in 1939 by the Nationalist government in the Standard Time Conference, hosted by the Ministry of Interior of Executive Yuan.  Because of the Second Sino-Japanese War, it was also stated that Kansu-Szechwan time shall be the sole national time during the war time.  After the war in 1945, these five times zones were implemented national widely.  In 1949, after the Chinese Civil War, the Central People's Government abolished the five time zones and announced to use a single time zone named "Beijing Time" (北京时间 ).  The term "Chungyuan Standard Time" (中原標準時間 ) was still used by the Nationalist government on Taiwan until the early 2000s. The Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, sometimes also referred to informally as the "Prime Minister", is the Leader of the State Council of China (the "Central People's Government" constitutionally since 1954), who is the head of government and holds the highest rank (Level 1) in the Civil Service.  This position was originally known as Premier of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government () and changed to its current name in 1954. "One country, two systems" is a constitutional principle formulated by Deng Xiaoping, the Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China (PRC), for the reunification of China during the early 1980s.  He suggested that there would be only one China, but distinct Chinese regions such as Hong Kong and Macau could retain their own capitalist economic and political systems, while the rest of China uses the socialist system.  Under the principle, each of the two regions could continue to have its own political system, legal, economic and financial affairs, including external relations with foreign countries. Financial independence is the state of having sufficient personal wealth to live, without having to work actively for basic necessities.  For financially independent people, their assets generate income and/or cash flow from dipping into the assets that is at least as great as their expenses.  For example, a person's quarterly expenses may total $4,000.  They receive dividends from stocks they have previously purchased totaling $5,000 quarterly, while also having more money in other assets.  Under these circumstances, a person is financially independent.  A person's assets and liabilities are an important factor in determining if they have achieved financial independence.  An "asset" is anything of value that can be liquidated if a person has debt, whereas a "liability" is related to debt, in that it is the responsibility of one possessing it to provide compensation.  (Homes and automobiles with no liens or mortgages are common assets.)
Answer: Deng Xiaoping