Question: What was the profession of James Berry and William Marwood, who in the late 19th-century perfected the "long drop" procedure?
Context: James Owens Farm is a historic home and farm at Bristol, Anne Arundel County, Maryland.  The home was built by successful tobacco farmer James Owens and is a large mid-19th century, two-story brick cross-gable late Greek Revival/Italianate dwelling.  Outbuildings are all of frame construction and include an early 19th-century cornhouse, an early 19th-century tobacco barn, a mid-19th-century board-and-batten kitchen, carriage house, and smokehouse, and a late 19th-century chicken house. Jemima Wedderburn Blackburn (1 May 1823 – 9 August 1909) was a Scottish painter whose work gives us an evocative picture of rural life in 19th-century Scotland.  One of the most popular illustrators in Victorian Britain, she illustrated 27 books.  Her greatest ornithological achievement was the second edition of her "Birds from Nature" (1868).  Most of the illustrations are watercolors, with early paintings often including some ink work.  A few are collages, in which she cut out a bird’s outline and transferred it to a different background, in a similar manner to John James Audubon.  Her many watercolours show daily family life in the late 19th-century Scottish Highlands as well as fantasy scenes from children's fables.  She achieved widespread recognition under the initials JB or her married name Mrs Hugh Blackburn. William Frederick Horry, also known as Fred Horry (December 1843 – 1 April 1872), was the first person to be hanged by Victorian hangman William Marwood, and the first to fall using the long drop method.  He was hanged at Lincoln Castle, Lincoln, England on 1 April 1872, aged 28, for the murder of his wife, Jane Horry. James Berry (8 February 1852 – 21 October 1913) was an English executioner from 1884 until 1891.  Berry was born in Heckmondwike in the West Riding of Yorkshire, where his father worked as a wool-stapler.  His most important contribution to the science of hanging was his refinement of the long drop method developed by William Marwood, whom Berry knew quite well.  His improvements were intended to diminish mental and physical suffering and some of them remained standard practice until the abolition of capital punishment for murder. The Catalpa Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Princess Anne, Somerset County, Maryland, United States.  It is a two-story, five-bay center passage structure built in two principal stages.  The older section is a two-story, three-bay side-hall parlor house with service wing erected around 1825-1840.  A two-story one-room plan frame addition was attached shortly thereafter.  Also on the property are an early 19th-century dairy and smokehouse, a late 19th-century privy, a modern garage, a mid-19th-century corn crib, an early 20th-century gambrel-roofed barn, and an early 19th-century tobacco house. Norwood is a historic plantation house and farm located near Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia.  The main house was built about 1819, and consists of a two-story, three bay, brick main block with two-story, brick side wing in the Federal-style.  The front facade features a classical one-story, one-bay portico with Doric order columns.  Also on the property are the contributing brick meathouse, which dates to the same period as the main house; a late 19th-century frame tenant house; and several late 19th-century agricultural buildings. Science and Religion in American Thought (1952) is a book by Edward A. White, a Stanford University history professor.  In 1952, the first edition was simultaneously published by both Stanford University Press in Stanford, California and Oxford University Press in London, England.  Key figures historically illustrated in the text are John William Draper, a late 19th-century positivist; Andrew Dickson White, the founding President of Cornell University; John Fiske, a late 19th-century American philosopher; William James; David Starr Jordan, President and later Chancellor of Stanford University; and John Dewey. The Port Townsend Historic District is a National Historic Landmark District encompassing a significant portion of the waterfront and downtown area of Port Townsend, Washington.  This area has many well-preserved late 19th-century buildings, owing to a building boom and crash in the 1880s.  The result is one of the finest examples of a late 19th-century port town on the west coast.  The historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1977. LaGrange, also known as La Grange Plantation or Meredith House, is a historic home located at Cambridge, Dorchester County, Maryland, United States.  It was built about 1760.  The house is a 2 ⁄ -story Flemish bond brick house and is one of the few remaining Georgian houses in the town.  Sun porches and a frame wing were added to the main house in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Three outbuildings remain, including a late 19th-century dairy, an 18th-century smokehouse, and a 20th-century garage. William Marwood (1818 – 4 September 1883) was a hangman for the British government.  He developed the technique of hanging known as the "long drop".
Answer: executioner