Question: Cruella de Vil is a character who appeared in a novel by an author born in which year ?
Context: Cruella de Vil (spelled de Vil in the novel, spelled De Vil by Disney) is a character who appeared in Dodie Smith's 1956 novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians", Disney's animated film adaptations "101 Dalmatians" and "", and Disney's live-action film adaptations "101 Dalmatians" and "102 Dalmatians" as the main antagonist. Susanne Ann Blakeslee (also known as Susan Blakeslee, Suzanne Blakeslee and Suzanne Blakesley; born January 27, 1956) is an American voice actress and musical theatre actress.  Among her notable roles are the voices of Timmy Turner's fairy godmother Wanda and his mother Mrs. Turner on Nickelodeon's "The Fairly OddParents"; and as the voice of Maleficent in the "Kingdom Hearts" video game series and "Disney media".  She also does voices of Lady Tremaine, Queen Grimhilde, Cruella de Vil, and Madame Leota in Disney direct-to-video sequels, theme parks and merchandise.  In 2012, Blakeslee won an Ovation Award for Lead Actress in a Musical for "Forbidden Broadway Greatest Hits, Volume 2". Marie Antoinette syndrome is a sudden whitening of the hair.  The event that named the syndrome was the observation that the hair of Queen Marie Antoinette of France turned stark white after her capture following the ill-fated Flight to Varennes during the French Revolution.  Witnesses have alleged that Antoinette's hair suddenly turned white on three separate occasions.  In the novel 'One hundred and One Dalmatians', by Dodie Smith, after the Dalmatians destroy Cruella de Vil's stock of furs, the shock renders her black hair white (and her white hair green).  In Victor Hugo's novel 'Les Miserables' Jean Val-Jean's hair also goes pure white after the trauma of appearing in court in Arras.  Other examples can be found in George R.R. Martin's "A Song of Ice and Fire" series, where the character Theon Greyjoy's hair turns white and brittle from extended brutal torture. 101 Dalmatians is a 1996 American live-action comedy adventure film based on Walt Disney's animated 1961 movie adaptation of Dodie Smith's 1956 novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians."  Directed by Stephen Herek and co-produced by John Hughes and Ricardo Mestres, it stars Glenn Close, Jeff Daniels, Joely Richardson, Joan Plowright, Hugh Laurie, Mark Williams and Tim McInnerny.  In contrast with the 1961 film, none of the animals talk in this version.  Released on November 27, 1996 by Walt Disney Pictures, the film was praised for its faithfulness to the animated classic.  It received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success, grossing $320.6 million in theaters against a $75 million budget.  Close, who was universally praised for her portrayal as Cruella de Vil, was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical, but lost to Madonna in "Evita".  The film was also nominated for a BAFTA award for best makeup effects.  A theatrical sequel titled "102 Dalmatians" was released on November 22, 2000 with Close and McInnerny reprising their roles. Descendants is a 2015 American musical fantasy television film directed and choreographed by Kenny Ortega.  The film stars Dove Cameron, Sofia Carson, Booboo Stewart, and Cameron Boyce as the teenage daughters and sons of Maleficent, the Evil Queen, Jafar, and Cruella De Vil, respectively.  The film follows these teenagers adjusting to life outside their island prison, while on a mission to steal the Fairy Godmother's wand and free their parents from captivity. Victoria Smurfit (born 31 March 1974) is an Irish actress.  She is known for her role as Cruella De Vil in "Once Upon a Time". Dorothy Gladys "Dodie" Smith (3 May 1896 – 24 November 1990) was an English children's novelist and playwright, known best for the novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians" (1956).  Other works include "I Capture the Castle" (1948), and "The Starlight Barking" (1967).  "The Hundred and One Dalmatians" was adapted into a 1961 Disney animated movie version.  Her novel "I Capture the Castle" was adapted into a 2003 movie version.  "I Capture the Castle" was voted number 82 as "one of the nation's 100 best-loved novels" by the British public as part of the BBC's The Big Read (2003). 102 Dalmatians is a 2000 American live action and CG-animated film adventure drama film directed by Kevin Lima in his live-action directorial debut and produced by Edward S. Feldman and Walt Disney Pictures.  It is the sequel to the 1996 film "101 Dalmatians", a live-action remake of the 1961 Disney animated film of the same name and stars Glenn Close reprising her role as Cruella de Vil as she attempts to steal puppies for her "grandest" fur coat yet.  Close and Tim McInnerny were the only two actors from the first film to return for the sequel, however.  The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Costume Design, but lost to "Gladiator." Florentine Houdinière is a French international ice skater and choreographer.  She won "Sterren Dansen Op Het IJs" (the Dutch version of "Skating with Celebrities") as Hein Vergeer's partner and also appeared as the professional partner of journalist Donal MacIntyre on British television show "Dancing on Ice".  The pair finished second in the series.  She has also skated in two shows for Disney on Ice, in "Beauty and the Beast" from 1996 to 1998 as Belle and in "Magical Fantasy" in 1998 as Cruella de Vil.  She also skated as Anya in Anastasia on ice. One Hundred and One Dalmatians, often abbreviated as 101 Dalmatians, is a 1961 American animated adventure film produced by Walt Disney and based on the 1956 novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians" by Dodie Smith.  The 17th Disney animated feature film, the film tells the story of a litter of dalmatian puppies who are kidnapped by the villainous Cruella de Vil (Betty Lou Gerson), who wants to use their fur to make into coats.  Their parents, Pongo and Perdita, (Rod Taylor and Cate Bauer respectively) set out to save their children from Cruella, all the while rescuing 84 additional puppies that were bought in pet shops, bringing the total of dalmatians to 101.
Answer: 1896