Question: Selma was based on the marches led by which minister and leader of the civil rights movement?
Context: Bernard Lafayette (or LaFayette), Jr. (born July 29, 1940) is a longtime civil rights activist and organizer, who was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement.  He played a leading role in early organizing of the Selma Voting Rights Movement; was a member of the Nashville Student Movement; and worked closely throughout the 1960s movements with groups such as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the American Friends Service Committee. Amelia Isadora Platts Boynton Robinson (August 18, 1911 – August 26, 2015) was an American activist who was a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement in Selma, Alabama and a key figure in the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches.  In 1984, she became founding Vice-President of the Schiller Institute affiliated with Lyndon LaRouche.  She was awarded the Martin Luther King, Jr., Freedom Medal in 1990.  In 2014, actress Lorraine Toussaint played Robinson in the Ava DuVernay film "Selma". James Luther Bevel (October 19, 1936 – December 19, 2008) was a minister and leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.  As the Director of Direct Action and of Nonviolent Education of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), he initiated, strategized, directed, and developed SCLC's three major successes of the era: the 1963 Birmingham Children's Crusade, the 1965 Selma voting rights movement, and the 1966 Chicago open housing movement.  He suggested that SCLC call for and join a March on Washington in 1963.  Bevel later strategized the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches, which contributed to Congressional passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. James Edward Orange (October 29, 1942 – February 16, 2008) was a pastor and a leading civil rights activist in the Civil Rights Movement in America.  He was assistant to Martin Luther King Jr. in the civil rights movement.  Orange joined the civil rights marches led by King and Ralph Abernathy in Atlanta in 1963.  Later he became a project coordinator for Southern Christian Leadership Conference, drawing young people into the movement. "Glory" is a song performed by American rapper Common and American singer John Legend.  It was written by John Legend, Common, and Rhymefest.  The song was released on December 11, 2014 by Columbia Records as the theme song from the 2014 film "Selma", which portrays the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches.  Common also co-starred as Civil Rights Movement leader James Bevel in "Selma". Selma is a 2014 American historical drama film directed by Ava DuVernay and written by Paul Webb.  It is based on the 1965 Selma to Montgomery voting rights marches led by James Bevel, Hosea Williams, Martin Luther King, Jr. and John Lewis.  The film stars actors David Oyelowo as King, Tom Wilkinson as President Lyndon B. Johnson, Tim Roth as George Wallace, Carmen Ejogo as Coretta Scott King and Common as Bevel. Frederick Douglas Reese, or F. D. Reese, (born November 28, 1929) is a civil rights activist, educator, and minister from Selma, Alabama.  Known as a member of Selma's "Courageous Eight," Reese was the president of the Dallas County Voters League (DCVL) when that organization invited the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King Jr. to come to Selma to amplify the city's local voting rights campaign.  This campaign eventually gave birth to the Selma to Montgomery marches, which later led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.  Reese was also president of the Selma Teachers Association, and in January 1965 he mobilized Selma's teachers to march as a group for their right to vote.  Reese retired from teaching and as of February 2015 was still active as a minister at Selma's Ebenezer Missionary Baptist Church. The Selma to Montgomery marches were three protest marches, held in 1965, along the 54-mile (87 km) highway from Selma, Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery.  The marches were organized by nonviolent activists to demonstrate the desire of African-American citizens to exercise their constitutional right to vote, in defiance of segregationist repression, and were part of a broader voting rights movement underway in Selma and throughout the American South.  By highlighting racial injustice, they contributed to passage that year of the Voting Rights Act, a landmark federal achievement of the Civil Rights Movement. Long Civil Rights Movement is an argument advanced by American historian Jacquelyn Dowd Hall.  It was proposed in the article "The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past" within "The Journal of American History" in 2005.  Dowd had used the term in an earlier article titled, "Broadening Our View of the Civil Rights Movement" within the journal "The Chronicle of Higher Education" in 2001.  Since 2005, the long civil rights movement argument has attracted substantial attention from scholars and academics that study the Civil Rights Movement. Septima Poinsette Clark (May 3, 1898 – December 15, 1987) was an American educator and civil rights activist.  Clark developed the literacy and citizenship workshops that played an important role in the drive for voting rights and civil rights for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement.  Septima Clark's work was commonly under appreciated by Southern male activists.  She became known as the "Queen mother" or "Grandmother" of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.  Martin Luther King, Jr. commonly referred to Clark as "The Mother of the Movement".  Clark's argument for her position in the Civil Rights Movement was one that claimed "knowledge could empower marginalized groups in ways that formal legal equality couldn't."
Answer: James Luther Bevel