Question: In which year was this crime novel written by Italian American author Mario Puzo published where Don Anthony "Black Tony" Stracci first appeared?
Context: Fools Die is a 1978 novel by Italian American author Mario Puzo.  Played out in the worlds of gambling, publishing and the film industry, Merlyn and his brother Artie obey their own code of honor in the ferment of contemporary America, where law and organized crime are one and the same.  Set in New York, Hollywood, and Las Vegas, Mario Puzo considered "Fools Die" to be his personal favorite.  The paperback rights to the book were sold in 1978 by the publisher, G. P. Putnam's Sons, to New American Library for a then record $2.55 million. The Godfather is a crime novel written by Italian American author Mario Puzo.  Originally published in 1969 by G. P. Putnam's Sons, the novel details the story of a fictional Mafia family based in New York City (and Long Beach, New York), headed by Vito Corleone.  The novel covers the years 1945 to 1955, and also provides the back story of Vito Corleone from early childhood to adulthood. The Godfather is an American film series that consists of three crime drama films directed by Francis Ford Coppola inspired by the novel of the same name by Italian American author Mario Puzo.  The series follows the trials of the Corleone family, Italian Americans whose patriarch, Vito Corleone, rises to be a major figure in American organized crime.  His youngest son, Michael Corleone, becomes his successor.  All three films were distributed by Paramount Pictures and released in 1972, 1974 and 1990.  The series achieved success at the box office, with the films earning over $550 million worldwide.  The first two films have received wide acclaim since release; the former, "The Godfather", is seen by many as one of the greatest films of all time.  Its sequel, "The Godfather Part II", is viewed by many as the best sequel in cinematic history.  The series is heavily awarded, winning 9 out of 29 total Academy Award nominations. The Godfather Part II is a 1974 American crime film produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola from a screenplay co-written with Mario Puzo, starring Al Pacino and Robert De Niro.  Partially based on Puzo's 1969 novel "The Godfather", the film is both sequel and prequel to "The Godfather", presenting parallel dramas: one picks up the 1958 story of Michael Corleone (Pacino), the new Don of the Corleone crime family, protecting the family business in the aftermath of an attempt on his life; the prequel covers the journey of his father, Vito Corleone (De Niro), from his Sicilian childhood to the founding of his family enterprise in New York City. The Godfather Returns is a novel written by author Mark Winegardner, published in 2004.  It is the sequel to Mario Puzo's "The Godfather", which was originally published in 1969, and "The Sicilian" (1984).  The publisher, Random House, selected Winegardner to write a sequel after Puzo's death.  As the original novel covered the years 1945 to 1955, and included significant back story on Don Vito Corleone's life, "Returns" covers the years 1955 to 1962, and includes significant back story on Michael Corleone's life prior to the first novel. The Family is a 2001 novel written by Mario Puzo.  The novel is about Pope Alexander VI and his family.  Puzo spent over twenty years working on the book off and on, while he wrote others.  The novel was finished by his longtime girlfriend, Carol Gino.  "The Family" is effectively his last novel. Don Anthony "Black Tony" Stracci is a fictional character who first appeared in Mario Puzo's novel "The Godfather". Sin Pit is a crime novel by American journalist Paul S. Meskil (Jul 2, 1923–Oct 11, 2005), published by Lion Books in 1954.  It is one of those rare paperback originals that has achieved cult status through a combination of circumstances, including the fact the author wrote only one work of crime fiction, the initial print run was relatively low for paperbacks at the time, the book had only one print run by the original publisher (Lion Books) and, finally, found an audience years later among collectors of 1950s paperback crime novels.  Sin Pit shares all the above circumstances with another paperback crime novel published a year earlier, in 1953, that similarly achieved cult status — Black Wings Has My Angel by Elliott Chaze, published by Fawcett Gold Medal.  Both authors were respected journalists their entire lives and wrote only a single crime novel that was never republished until years later, only after gaining an audience among aficionados of pulp fiction. Edward Falco is an American author.  "Toughs", his most recent novel, follows the lives of fictional characters and their relationship to the notorious criminal Vince "Mad Dog" Coll, as well as Lucky Luciano, Owney Madden, Dutch Shultz, and other gangland figures. " The Family Corleone", his previous novel, is based on a screenplay by Mario Puzo and was published by Grand Central Publishing in 2012.  Other novels include "Saint John of the Five Boroughs", and "Wolf Point", both published by Unbridled Books.  His short story collection "Sabbath Night in the Church of the Piranha: New and Selected Stories" was also published by Unbridled.  Falco's "In the Park of Culture", a collection of short fictions, was published by the University of Notre Dame Press. The Sicilian is a novel by Italian-American author Mario Puzo.  Published in 1984 by Random House Publishing Group (ISBN  ), it is based on Puzo's most famous work, "The Godfather".  It is regarded as "The Godfather"'s literary sequel.
Answer: 1969