Question: What does the perennial rainforest shrub containing an active alkaloid also found in Voacanga africana and Tabernaemontana undulata induce in large doses?
Context: Jatrorrhizine is a protoberberine alkaloid isolated from "Enantia chlorantha" (Annonaceae) and other species.  Synonyms that may be encountered include jateorrhizine, neprotin, jatrochizine, jatrorhizine, or yatrorizine.  It has been reported to have antiinflammatory effect, and to improve blood flow and mitotic activity in thioacetamide-traumatized rat livers.  It was found to have antimicrobial and antifungal activity.  It binds and noncompetitively inhibits monoamine oxidase (IC 4 micromolar for MAO-A and 62 for MAO-B) It interferes with multidrug resistance by cancer cells "in vitro" when exposed to a chemotherapeutic agent.  Large doses (50–100 mg/kg) reduced blood sugar levels in mice by increasing aerobic glycolysis. Tabernaemontana undulata, the Becchete or Bëcchëte (pronounced B'-chéw-teh, a Matis and Matsés word for a medicinal plant) is a milkwood species in the family Apocynaceae.  It occurs in the Amazon rainforest. Voacamine, also known under the older names voacanginine and vocamine, is a naturally occurring dimeric indole alkaloid of the secologanin type, found in a number of plants, including "Voacanga africana". Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.  Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a "cigarette".  Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.  In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.  In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to "spiritual enlightenment". A flavonoid alkaloid also known as a flavoalkaloid is a type of natural product produced by plants that contains both a flavonoid core structure and a nitrogen containing substituent so that the substance is also classified as an alkaloid.  The most common flavonoid alkaloids contain a nitrogen heterocycle such as a pyridine or piperidine which is covalently bonded to the A-ring of a chromone.  One flavonoid alkaloid, lilaline, was isolated from Lilium candidum in 1987.  The synthesis of flavonoid alkaloids has been achieved Voacangine (12-methoxyibogamine-18-carboxylic acid methyl ester) is an alkaloid found predominantly in the rootbark of the "Voacanga africana" tree, as well as in other plants such as "Tabernanthe iboga", "Tabernaemontana africana", "Trachelospermum jasminoides" and "Ervatamia yunnanensis".  It is an iboga alkaloid which commonly serves as a precursor for the semi-synthesis of ibogaine.  It has also been demonstrated in animals to have similar anti-addictive properties to ibogaine itself. Putrescine, or tetramethylenediamine, is a foul-smelling organic chemical compound NH(CH)NH (1,4-diaminobutane or butanediamine) that is related to cadaverine; both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses.  The two compounds are largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contribute to the odor of such processes as bad breath and bacterial vaginosis.  They are also found in semen and some microalgae, together with related molecules like spermine and spermidine. Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in plants in the Apocynaceae family such as "Tabernanthe iboga", "Voacanga africana" and "Tabernaemontana undulata".  It is a psychedelic with dissociative properties. Hordenine ("N","N"-dimethyltyramine) is an alkaloid of the phenethylamine class that occurs naturally in a variety of plants, taking its name from one of the most common, barley ("Hordeum" species).  Chemically, hordenine is the "N"-methyl derivative of "N"-methyltyramine, and the "N","N"-dimethyl derivative of the well-known biogenic amine tyramine, from which it is biosynthetically derived and with which it shares some pharmacological properties (see below).  Currently, hordenine is widely sold as an ingredient of nutritional supplements, with the claims that it is a stimulant of the central nervous system, and has the ability to promote weight loss by enhancing metabolism.  In experimental animals, given sufficiently large doses "parenterally" (i.e. by injection), hordenine does produce an increase in blood pressure, as well as other disturbances of the cardio-vascular, respiratory and nervous systems.  These effects are generally not reproduced by "oral" administration of the drug in test animals, and there are virtually no scientific reports of the effects of hordenine in human beings.  More detailed discussions of hordenine pharmacology and toxicology are given below this section. Tabernanthe iboga or simply iboga is a perennial rainforest shrub and psychedelic, native to western Central Africa.  Iboga stimulates the central nervous system when taken in small doses and induces visions in larger doses.  In parts of Africa where the plant grows, the bark of the root is chewed for various pharmacological or ritualistic purposes.  Ibogaine, the active alkaloid, is also used to treat substance abuse disorders and depression.  A small amount of ibogaine, along with precursors of ibogaine, are found in "Voacanga africana".
Answer: visions