Question: To what country did Iannis Xenakis flee in the same year that Mark Kidel was born?
Context: The ST-X Ensemble is an American ensemble dedicated to performing the music of Iannis Xenakis.  It was formed in New York City in 1994 by the conductor Charles Zachary Bornstein, who had served as an assistant conductor to Leopold Stokowski, and was the last private student of the Austrian musical conductor Hans Swarowsky.  He formed the music to promote performances of Xenakis's music in the United States after learning that most of the performances of that composer's music took place outside the United States. Metastaseis (Greek: Μεταστάσεις ; spelled "Metastasis" in correct French transliteration, or in some early writings by the composer "Métastassis") is an orchestral work for 61 musicians by Iannis Xenakis.  His first major work, it was written in 1953-54 after his studies with Olivier Messiaen and is 8 minutes in length.  The work was premiered at the 1955 Donaueschingen Festival with Hans Rosbaud conducting.  This work was originally a part of a Xenakis' trilogy titled "Anastenaria" (together with "Procession aux eaux claires" and "Sacrifice"), but was detached by Xenakis for separate performance. CCMIX (Center for the Composition of Music Iannis Xenakis, 2000), formerly Les Ateliers UPIC [UPIC workshops], CEMAMu (Centre d'Etudes de Mathématique et Automatique Musicales, 1972), and EMAMu (Equipe de Mathématique et Automatique Musicales), was a research institute and a center for contemporary music.  It was established by composer Iannis Xenakis with the support of the French Ministry of Culture in 1966 to encourage interdisciplinary research between arts and sciences.  The center is best known for producing UPIC (Unité Polyagogique Informatique CEMAMu, 1977). Uncompromising in artistic standards, Marc Ponthus is the first pianist to perform solo programs featuring a single avante-garde composer from the second half of the 20th century including Boulez, Stockhausen (3 concerts) and Xenakis in North America.  He performed the world premiere of a Webern's unpublished work in New York City.  In 2004, he recorded the complete piano music of Iannis Xenakis for Neuma Records, receiving glowing reviews from Gramophone Magazine and BBC Magazine.  Ponthus has conducted a number of ensembles, mostly for contemporary music and has staged and directed contemporary chamber operas. Mark Kidel (born 6 July 1947) is a documentary filmmaker and writer who lives in Bristol, England.  <br>His award-winning films include portraits of John Adams (composer), Elvis Costello, Boy George, Ravi Shankar, Rod Stewart, Bill Viola, Iannis Xenakis, pianists Alfred Brendel and Leon Fleisher, Derek Jarman, Balthus, Tricky, Robert Wyatt and American theatre and opera director Peter Sellars. After the creation of the Radio France studio by Pierre Schaeffer in 1948, Iannis Xenakis became very interested in the possibilities of concrete music and electroacoustic music.  By 1955, Xenakis started working in this studio as part of the "Groupe des recherches musicales" (French: "Musical Research Group" ).  In the particular case of Xenakis, just like Schaeffer, the sounds used in recordings were extracted from engines, trains and other natural and mechanical phenomena. Nomos Alpha (Greek: Νόμος α΄ ) is a piece for solo cello composed by Iannis Xenakis in 1965, commissioned by Radio Bremen for cellist Siegfried Palm, and dedicated to mathematicians Aristoxenus of Tarentum, Évariste Galois, and Felix Klein.  This piece is an example of a style of music called, by Xenakis, symbolic music – a style of music which makes use of set theory, abstract algebra, and mathematical logic in order to create and analyze musical compositions. Along with symbolic music, Xenakis is known for his development of stochastic music. The Xenakis Ensemble (Ensemble Xenakis in French) is a Dutch ensemble dedicated to the performance of contemporary classical music.  Based in Middelburg, it is known as one of the few ensembles specializing in the works of the composer Iannis Xenakis.  It is frequently conducted by Diego Masson, who conducted the performances of many of Xenakis's works, as well as other guest conductors including Huub Kerstens.  Its concertmaster is Mifune Tsuji. Formalized Music: Thought and Mathematics in Composition is a book by Greek composer, architect, and engineer Iannis Xenakis in which he explains his motivation, philosophy, and technique for composing music with stochastic mathematical functions.  It was published in Paris in 1963 as "Musiques formelles: nouveaux principes formels de composition musicale" as a special double issue of "La Revue musicale" and republished in an expanded edition in 1981 in Paris by Stock Musique.  It was later translated into English with three added chapters and published in 1971 by Indiana University Press, republished in 1992 by Pendragon Press with a second edition published in 2001, also by Pendragon.  The book contains the complete FORTRAN program code for one of Xenakis's early computer music composition programs GENDY.  It has been described as a groundbreaking work. Iannis Xenakis (Greek: Γιάννης (Ιάννης) Ξενάκης ] ; 29 May 1922 – 4 February 2001) was a Romanian-born, Greek-French composer, music theorist, architect, and engineer.  After 1947, he fled Greece, becoming a naturalized citizen of France.  He is considered an important post-World War II composer whose works helped revolutionize 20th century classical music.
Answer: France.