Question: In the United States (U.S.), a marksmanship badge is a U.S. military badge or a civilian badge which is presented to personnel upon successful completion of a weapons qualification course, or high achievement in an official marksmanship competition, additionally, which American organization, also issue marksmanship qualification badges to civilians as well as those involved in U.S. law enforcement?
Context: The Observer Badge is a military badge of the United States armed forces dating from the First World War.  The badge was issued to co-pilots, navigators, and flight support personnel who had received a variation in the training required for the standard Pilot's Badge.  The Observer Badge survived through the Second World War and into the 1950s, at which time the concept of an Observer Badge was phased out in favor of the modern Aircrew Badge and Navigator-Observer Badges.  In addition to wings for Naval Aviators and Naval Flight Officers, the United States Navy still maintains an "Observer Badge" which is issued to flight-qualified mission specialists, such as a select number of meteorologists and intelligence officers in both the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps.  The U.S. Air Force awards its USAF Observer Badge, which is identical to the USAF Navigator Badge, to Air Force officers who have qualified as NASA Space Shuttle Mission Specialists, have flown an actual mission aboard the shuttle and/or the International Space Station and who are otherwise not previously aeronautically rated as an Air Force pilot or navigator. A Marksmanship Ribbon is a United States Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard award that is issued to its members who pass a weapons qualification course and achieve an above-average score.  Additionally, there are select State National Guard organizations that award marksmanship ribbons for high placement in state-level marksmanship competitions. The Parachutist Badge, also commonly referred to as "Jump Wings" or "Silver Wings" is a military badge of the United States Armed Forces awarded to members of the United States Army, Air Force, Marine Corps and Navy.  The United States Coast Guard is the only branch that does not issue its own Parachutist Badge, but its members are authorized to receive the Parachutist Badges of other services in accordance with their prescribed requirements.  The DoD military services are all awarded the same Basic Parachutist Badge.  The Army and Air Force issue the same Senior and Master Parachutist Badges while the Navy and Marine Corps issue the Navy and Marine Corps Parachutist Badge to advanced parachutists.  The majority of the services earn their Basic Parachutist Badge through the U.S. Army Airborne School. The National Rifle Association of America (NRA) is an American nonprofit organization which advocates for gun rights.  Founded in 1871, the group has informed its members about firearm-related bills since 1934, and it has directly lobbied for and against legislation since 1975.  It is also the oldest continuously operating civil rights organization in the United States. Combat Arms Training and Maintenance (CATM), or simply Combat Arms are United States Air Force Security Forces personnel who train base populace on the use of small arms, oversee, maintain and repair all small arms in the U.S. Air Force inventory.  AFSC 3P0X1B, SEI 312 (TSgt and above) are Security Forces personnel who completed the 7 week Combat Arms Apprentice Course (Lackland AFB) and conduct marksmanship training to prepare all Air Force personnel for home station and deployment operations.  Combat Arms specialists lead, manage, supervise and implement small arms weapons training programs.  Their duties include operating firing ranges and associated facilities, enforcing range safety, inspecting/repairing weaponry, performing preventative maintenance, developing/utilizing training aides and determining training/maintenance resource requirements.  Combat Arms personnel also provide training in safeguarding weapons, ammunition and equipment; instructing small arms weapons qualification training and providing guidance on weapons placement to SF and other ground defense force commanders.  Combat Arms Instructors are the Air Forces small arms weapons Subject Matter Experts (SME). A Primary Marksmanship Instructor is a United States Marine Corps specialty (MOS 0931) and acts as an instructor to other Marines on how to precisely fire the M16 rifle used as the standard weapon in the Marine Corps.  Instructors also train Marines in use of the M9 pistol.  Marksmanship Instructors instruct in all phases of the Marine Corps Marksmanship Program on the qualification and requalification on small arms ranges.  Additionally, they assist in the operation of firing ranges. The Expert Field Medical Badge (EFMB) is a United States Army special skills badge first created on June 18, 1965.  This badge is the non-combat equivalent of the Combat Medical Badge (CMB) and is awarded to U.S. military personnel and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military personnel who successfully complete a set of qualification tests including both written and performance portions. The Marksmanship Medal is a United States Navy and the U.S. Coast Guard military award and is the highest award one may receive for weapons qualification.  The Marksmanship Medal is the equivalent of the Expert Marksmanship Badge in the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps.  Additionally, select State National Guard organizations award marksmanship medals to guardsman who achieve some of the highest aggregate scores at state-level marksmanship competitions. In the United States (U.S.), a marksmanship badge is a U.S. military badge or a civilian badge which is presented to personnel upon successful completion of a weapons qualification course (known as marksmanship qualification badges) or high achievement in an official marksmanship competition (known as marksmanship competition badges).  Today, the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps are the only military services that issue marksmanship qualification badges.  However, marksmanship medals and/or marksmanship ribbons are issued by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, and U.S. Air Force for weapons qualifications.  For non-military personnel, the Civilian Marksmanship Program (CMP) issue marksmanship qualification badges to civilians and Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) members.  Additionally, the National Rifle Association (NRA) also issue marksmanship qualification badges to civilians as well as those involved in U.S. law enforcement.  All of these organizations and the U.S. National Guard awarded marksmanship competition badges to the people they support who succeed in official competitions. The master-at-arms (MA) rating is responsible for law enforcement and force protection in the United States Navy—equivalent to the United States Army Military Police, the United States Marine Corps Military Police, the United States Air Force Security Forces, and the United States Coast Guard's Maritime Law Enforcement Specialist.  It is one of the oldest ratings in the United States Navy, having been recognized since the inception of the U.S. Navy.  It has had two rating badges during its history.  Its original MAA rating mark was an inverted star until disestablished (1797–1921).  On 20 May 1958 the inverted star reemerged as a nod to the Historical MAA Rating whose duty was to provide good order and discipline aboard ships over the enlisted crews.  Public Law 85-422, the Military Pay Act of 1958, established two new enlisted pay grades of E-8 and E-9 in all five branches of the U.S. Armed Forces.  In the U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard, the new E-8 pay grade was titled Senior Chief Petty Officer and the new E-9 pay grade as Master Chief Petty Officer; as a result it was designated a single (E-8) or double (E-9) inverted star above the anchor for all collar devices and rating badges this point forward.  The MCPON Rating (1971) specialty mark was established using the former MAA inverted star and later expanded to the Command Rates of Fleet / Command Master Chief (1995) or Senior Chief (2015) Ratings.  The current MAA rating mark following its reestablishment has been a police badge with internal star (1973–present), emblematic of its police or sheriff duties as a modern law enforcement specialist.
Answer: National Rifle Association of America (NRA)