Question: Publius Valerius Poplicola was the consul of the era of ancient Roman civilization traditionally dated to when?
Context: Lucius Valerius Poplicola Balbinus Maximus (fl.  3rd century) was a Roman senator who was appointed consul in AD 253. Quintus Valerius Falto was a Roman politician in the 3rd century BC.  Quintus was elected consul in 239 BC alongside Gaius Mamilius Turrinus.  He was the brother of his successor, the consul Publius Valerius Falto who served in 238 BC. The Gens Valeria was a patrician family at Rome, which later included a number of plebeian branches.  The Valeria gens was one of the most ancient and most celebrated at Rome; and no other Roman gens was distinguished for so long a period, although a few others, such as the Cornelia gens, produced a greater number of illustrious men.  Publius Valerius, afterwards surnamed "Poplicola" or "Publicola", played a distinguished part in the story of the expulsion of the Kings, and was elected consul in the first year of the Republic, BC 509.  From this time forward, down to the latest period of the Empire, for nearly a thousand years, the name "Valerius" occurs more or less frequently in the Fasti, and it was borne by the emperors Maximinus, Maximianus, Maxentius, Diocletian, Constantius, Constantine the Great, and others. Marcus Atilius Regulus (fl.  213 BC), a son of Marcus Atilius Regulus, the consul captured during the First Punic War, and a grandson of Marcus Atilius Regulus (consul 294 BC), was a Roman consul for the year 227 BC, together with Publius Valerius Flaccus, and was a consul "suffectus" in 217 BC, replacing Gaius Flaminius Nepos, who was killed in battle at Lake Trasimene.  Marcus Atilius Regulus agreed to accompany the consuls of 216 BC, Gaius Terentius Varro and Lucius Aemilius Paullus, along with the other surviving former consul of 217 BC, Gnaeus Servilius Geminus, when an army of 80,000 Romans and allies was amassed together to smash the Carthaginian army under Hannibal.  The historian Polybius records that both he and Servilius died fighting bravely at the Battle of Cannae. Manius Valerius Maximus was Roman dictator in 494 BC during the first secession of the plebs.  His brothers were Publius Valerius Publicola and Marcus Valerius Volusus.  They were said to be the sons of Volesus Valerius. Gaius Nautius Rutilus was the senior consul of the Roman Republic in 475 BC, with Publius Valerius Poplicola.  Nautius Rutilus held the consulship a second time in 458 BC with Lucius Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus.  During his second consulship, he successfully carried on war against the Sabines.  That same year, the Aequi attacked the allied city of "Tusculum" and defeated his colleague, Minucius.  Nautius Rutilus returned to Rome to oversee that the Roman Senate elected a "dictator", Cincinnatus, to deal with the invaders. Publius Valerius Poplicola or Publicola (d. 503 BC) was one of four Roman aristocrats who led the overthrow of the monarchy, and became a Roman consul, the colleague of Lucius Junius Brutus in 509 BC, traditionally considered the first year of the Roman Republic.  The authors of America's "The Federalist Papers" used the pseudonym "Publius" in his honour. The Roman Republic (Latin: Res publica Romana ; ] ) was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.  It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus was a politician and military leader in the early days of the Roman Republic.  Twice, in the years 508 and 504 BC, he was elected Roman Consul, alongside Publius Valerius Poplicola.  Also a military leader, he was victorious against Lars Porsenna during his first consulate.  According to Livy, he led the Roman army together with Valerius against the Sabines in 504 BC and both consuls were awarded the honour of a triumph, however the Fasti Triumphales only mention the triumph of Valerius, in May 504 BC. Publius Valerius Poplicola was consul of the Roman Republic in 475 and 460 BC, and interrex in 462.
Answer: 509 BC