Question: What United States Senator representing Arkansas from January 1945 until his resignation in December 1974 founded the Fulbright Program?
Context: The Fulbright Program, including the Fulbright–Hays Program, is an American scholarship program of competitive, merit-based grants for international educational exchange for students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists, founded by United States Senator J. William Fulbright in 1946.  Under the Fulbright Program, competitively selected American citizens may become eligible for scholarships to study, conduct research, or exercise their talents abroad; and citizens of other countries may qualify to do the same in the United States of America.  The program was established to increase mutual understanding between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills.  It is one of the most prestigious scholarships in the world. James William Fulbright (April 9, 1905 – February 9, 1995) was a United States Senator representing Arkansas from January 1945 until his resignation in December 1974.  Fulbright is the longest serving chairman in the history of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.  A Southern Democrat and a staunch multilateralist who supported the creation of the United Nations, he was also a segregationist who signed the Southern Manifesto.  Fulbright opposed McCarthyism and the House Un-American Activities Committee and later became known for his opposition to American involvement in the Vietnam War.  His efforts to establish an international exchange program eventually resulted in the creation of a fellowship program which bears his name, the Fulbright Program. The J. William & Harriet Fulbright Center is a non-profit, non-governmental organization based in Washington, D.C., whose mission is to "...foster peace and justice through collaboration."  The center is not related to the Fulbright Scholarship Program, aside from the Fulbright Name.  The center was founded by United States Senator J. William Fulbright and his wife, current center president Harriet Mayor Fulbright, and supports international collaborations among students, teachers, and schools, and culturally immersive programs for scholars and world leaders. The U.S.- Italy Fulbright Commission is a bi-national, non-profit organization promoting the opportunities for study, research, and teaching in Italy and the United States of America.  The commission acts as executor of the Fulbright Program to and from Italy.  Since 1948, the commission has fostered mutual cultural understanding through educational exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills.  The commission offers competitive, merit-based grants for students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists. Harriet Anna Mayor {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born December 13, 1933) is the second wife, and widow, of United States Senator J. William Fulbright; the Senator's first marriage of 53 years was to Elizabeth Williams Fulbright (Betty). The Austrian-American Educational Commission/ Fulbright Austria (AAEC) is one of the 50 bi-national commissions under the Fulbright Program, which exists in order to promote “mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the peoples of other countries.” James Nicholas Tedisco (born July 15, 1950) is an American politician.  He is the New York State Senator representing 49th District, which includes parts of Saratoga, Schenectady and Herkimer Counties and all of Fulton and Hamilton Counties.  He served in the Assembly since 1983 and was the Assembly's Minority Leader from November 2005 until his resignation in April 2009.  He was the Republican nominee in a special election for the 20th US Congressional District to fill the seat vacated by Kirsten Gillibrand, following Gillibrand's appointment to the United States Senate.  On January 4, 2017 he was officially sworn into office to serve as the new State Senator for New York’s 49th State Senate District. The J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences is the University of Arkansas' college for students with interest in the liberal arts.  It is named for former University President and United States Senator J. William Fulbright.  The College has 19 different academic departments.  Fulbright College's Creative Writing and Translation programs rank among the top in the nation. The Franco-American Fulbright Commission (officially, the Commission franco-américaine d'échanges universitaires et culturels) is a bi-national commission established between the United States of America and the French Republic by the Fulbright-Hays Act of 1961 (P.L. 87-256) and the Franco-American Treaty of May 7, 1965.  The Commission administers the Fulbright Program in France and operates the US State Department's EducationUSA advising center for France. The United States-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) (formerly known as the United States Educational Foundation in India) is an international foundation dedicated to higher education in India and the United States.  Its primary focal points include administering the Fulbright Program to Indian and American students, faculty and professionals; encouraging international engagement of Fulbright scholars; advising students in India of higher education opportunities in the United States; and linking higher education institutions in the USA and India.  In addition to administering the Fulbright-Nehru programs in India, the Foundation also administers several Fulbright grants, including the Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowships; New Century Scholars Program, Teacher Exchange Program; International Fulbright Science and Technology Award; and the Foreign Language Teaching Assistant Program.
Answer: James William Fulbright