Question: Which band was formed first, Massive Attack or Throwing Muses?
Context: Throwing Muses is the 1986 debut album of the band Throwing Muses, released on British independent label 4AD.  This was the first album by an American band to be released on 4AD, which had concentrated primarily on British-based acts up to this point.  The release marked a shift in the label's direction; a year later 4AD would sign Pixies based in part on the band's connection to the Muses, and by the mid-1990s much of the label's roster was made up of American bands. Throwing Muses is an alternative rock band formed in 1981 in Newport, Rhode Island, that toured and recorded extensively until 1997, when its members began concentrating more on other projects.  The group was originally fronted by two lead singers, Kristin Hersh, and Tanya Donelly, who both wrote the group's songs.  Throwing Muses are known for performing music with shifting tempos, creative chord progressions, unorthodox song structures, and surreal lyrics.  The group was set apart from other contemporary acts by Hersh's stark, candid writing style; Donelly's pop stylings and vocal harmonies; and David Narcizo's unusual drumming techniques eschewing use of cymbals.  Hersh's hallucinatory, febrile songs occasionally touched on the subject of mental illness, more often drawing portraits of characters from daily life or addressing relationships. Massive Attack are an English trip hop group formed in 1988 in Bristol, consisting of Robert "3D" Del Naja, Grant "Daddy G" Marshall and formerly Andy "Mushroom" Vowles ("Mush").  Their debut album "Blue Lines" was released in 1991, with the single "Unfinished Sympathy" reaching the charts and later being voted the 63rd greatest song of all time in a poll by "NME".  1998's "Mezzanine", containing "Teardrop", and 2003's "100th Window" charted in the UK at number one.  Both "Blue Lines" and "Mezzanine" feature in "Rolling Stone"' s list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. The discography of American alternative rock band The Breeders consists of four studio albums, one live album, three extended plays, ten singles and twelve music videos. Kim Deal, then-bassist of American alternative rock band the Pixies, formed The Breeders as a side-project with Tanya Donelly, guitarist of American alternative rock band Throwing Muses.  After recording a demo tape, The Breeders signed to the English independent record label 4AD in 1989.  Their debut studio album "Pod" was released in May 1990, but was not commercially successful.  After the revival of the Pixies and Throwing Muses in 1990, The Breeders became mostly inactive until the Pixies' breakup in 1993.  With a new lineup, The Breeders released their "Safari" EP in 1992, followed by their second studio album "Last Splash" in 1993.  "Last Splash" was The Breeders' most successful album; it peaked at number 33 on the United States "Billboard" 200 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1994.  The album spawned the band's most successful single, "Cannonball".  The single peaked at number 44 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and at number two on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs chart. Belly is an alternative rock band formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1991 by former Throwing Muses member Tanya Donelly (who was also in The Breeders).  The original lineup consisted of Donelly on lead vocals and guitar, Fred Abong on bass, and brothers Tom and Chris Gorman on guitar and drums respectively.  Although formed in Boston, the group's members are all from the Newport, Rhode Island area, and identify themselves as a Rhode Island band as opposed to a Boston one. Throwing Muses is an album by the alternative rock band Throwing Muses.  It was recorded over three weekends and released simultaneously with Kristin Hersh's solo record "The Grotto" on 17 March 2003.  The album features Bernard Georges on bass and David Narcizo on drums as well as original bandmate Tanya Donelly on backing vocals. Limbo is a 1996 album by the American alternative rock band Throwing Muses, released on Rykodisc.  The album was recorded at the same New Orleans studio the band recorded "University".  Following a tour for the album, Throwing Muses were dissolved, with Kristin Hersh continuing her solo career and David Narcizo and Bernard Georges working on several personal and music projects including Hersh's.  The album, engineered by Trina Shoemaker, also features cellist Martin McCarrick and Robert Rust on piano. Hips and Makers is the debut solo album by Kristin Hersh, best known as the primary singer and songwriter of the band Throwing Muses.  The album was released by 4AD in the UK on January 24, 1994, and by Sire Records in the US on February 1, 1994.  In contrast to Hersh's rock-oriented work with Throwing Muses, the album is primarily acoustic, with Hersh usually playing unaccompanied.  Other credited musicians include Jane Scarpantoni on cello and Michael Stipe of R.E.M., who sings backing vocals on the opening track, "Your Ghost."  In addition to Hersh's own material, the album features a cover of the traditional song "The Cuckoo". "Unfinished Sympathy" is a song by English trip hop group Massive Attack, released under the temporary group name of Massive.  It was written by the three band members Robert "3D" Del Naja, Andrew "Mushroom" Vowles and Grant "Daddy G" Marshall, the song's vocalist Shara Nelson and the group's co-producer Jonathan "Jonny Dollar" Sharp.  The song was released as the second single from the band's debut album "Blue Lines", on the band's Wild Bunch label distributed through Circa Records on 11 February 1991.  The choice of using the name "Massive" was done to avoid a radio ban as its release coincided with the Gulf War.  Produced by Massive Attack and Dollar, the song incorporates various musical elements into its arrangement, including vocal and percussion samples, drum programming, and string orchestration by arranger Wil Malone. Lakuna was an electronic instrumental project begun by drummer David Narcizo after Throwing Muses first split up following their 1996 "Limbo" album.  Lakuna first released a 12-inch called "So Happy" and then a 1999 full-length album called "Castle of Crime."  Narcizo provided drums, drum programming, and keyboards on all the tracks.  The album's guest musicians included Bernard Georges on bass, Kristin Hersh on guitar loops, Belly's Tom Gorman on bass, Melissa "Misi" Narcizo on piano and keyboards, and Frank Gardner on bass and bass synthesizer.  Narcizo employed tape loops and samples from obscure, vintage music to achieve the album's ambient-styled instrumental sounds.  Lakuna recorded on the 4AD and Throwing Music labels.
Answer: Throwing Muses