Question: July 31, 1912 this Nobel Prize winner in Economic Sciences founded EdChoice?
Context: The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (officially Swedish: "Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne" , or the Swedish National Bank's Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel), commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics, is an award for outstanding contributions to the field of economics, and generally regarded as the most prestigious award for that field. Since 1957, there have been eight Chinese (including Chinese born) winners of the Nobel Prize (Swedish: "Nobelpriset" ).  The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize.  The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel.  It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901.  An associated prize, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969. This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates by country.  Listings for "Economics" refer to the related Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.  The Nobel Prizes and the Prize in Economic Sciences have been awarded 567 times to 889 recipients, of which 25 awards (all Peace Prizes) were to organizations.  Due to some recipients receiving multiple awards, the total number of recipients is 860 individuals and 22 organizations. The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics.  All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation.  The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics.  Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace.  Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years. EdChoice, formerly the Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice, is an American education reform organization headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.  It was founded in 1996 by Nobel laureate Milton Friedman and his wife, economist Rose Director Friedman.  The organization's mission is to advance “school choice for all children” nationwide. The Stockholm Memorandum is a document signed in May 2011 by many Nobel Laureates based on the verdict from the trial of humanity, which opened the 3rd Nobel Laureate Symposium.  The jury of Nobel laureates concluded that Earth has entered a new geological age, which it calls the Anthropocene, in which humans are the most significant driver of global climate change, and in which human collective actions could have abrupt and irreversible consequences for human communities and ecological systems.  The memorandum was signed by 20 winner of the Nobel Prize winners or the Sveriges Riksbank Prize for Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (six in Chemistry, five in Physics, three in Physiology or Medicine, one in Literature, one Peace Prize winner and four in Economic Sciences) was submitted to the United Nations High Level Panel on global sustainability. Since 1949, there have been twenty-five Japanese winners of the Nobel Prize (Swedish: "Nobelpriset" ).  The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize.  The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel.  It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901.  An associated prize, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969. Milton Friedman ( ; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and the complexity of stabilization policy.  With George Stigler and others, Friedman was among the intellectual leaders of the second generation of Chicago price theory, a methodological movement at the University of Chicago's Department of Economics, Law School, and Graduate School of Business from the 1940s onward.  Several students and young professors that were recruited or mentored by Friedman at Chicago went on to become leading economists; they include Gary Becker, Robert Fogel, Thomas Sowell, and Robert Lucas, Jr. Robert Merton Solow, GCIH ( ; born August 23, 1924), is an American economist, particularly known for his work on the theory of economic growth that culminated in the exogenous growth model named after him.  He is currently Emeritus Institute Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he has been a professor since 1949.  He was awarded the John Bates Clark Medal in 1961, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1987, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2014.  Three of his PhD students, George Akerlof, Joseph Stiglitz, and Peter Diamond, later received Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economic Sciences in their own right. This list of Nobel laureates by university affiliation shows the university affiliations of winners of the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences since 1901 (total 881 individual laureates).  Although this list does not include organizations which were awarded the Nobel prize or any individuals in those organizations, a person who received the Nobel prize while working at a research organization formally affiliated with or operated by a university is counted as an affiliate of that university.  Universities are listed in descending order according to the number of affiliates, while only the top 50 universities are shown explicitly with their ranking.
Answer: Milton Friedman