Question: Which "Pennsylvania"-class battleship was sunk in 1941?
Context: The Battle off Barbados was fought in March 1778 during the American Revolutionary War.  While escorting a fleet of American ships in the West Indies, the frigate USS "Randolph" was attacked by the British ship-of-the-line HMS "Yarmouth".  The following action resulted in America's most costly naval defeat, in terms of human lives, until the sinking of USS "Arizona" in 1941. The 16"/45 caliber gun (spoken "sixteen-inch-forty-five-caliber") was used for the primary batteries of the last class of Standard-type battleships for the United States Navy, the "Colorado"-class .  These guns promised twice the muzzle energy over the Mark 7 12-inch/50 caliber guns of the "Wyoming"-class battleship and a 50% increase over the 14-inch/45 caliber guns of the "New York"-class , "Nevada"-class , and "Pennsylvania"-class battleship s. Slava (Russian: Слава "Glory") was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the Imperial Russian Navy, the last of the five "Borodino"-class battleship s. Commissioned too late to participate in the Battle of Tsushima during the Russo-Japanese War, she survived while all of her sister ships were either sunk during the battle or surrendered to the Imperial Japanese Navy. The 38 cm SK C/34 naval gun was developed by Germany mid to late 1930s.  It armed the "Bismarck"-class battleship s and was planned as the armament of the O-class battlecruiser s and the re-armed "Scharnhorst"-class battleship s. Six twin-gun mountings were also sold to the Soviet Union and it was planned to use them on the "Kronshtadt"-class battlecruiser s, however they were never delivered.  Spare guns were used as coastal artillery in Denmark, Norway and France.  One gun is currently on display at Møvig Fortress outside Kristiansand. USS "Idaho" (Battleship No. 24), the second ship of the "Mississippi"-class battleship s, was the second ship of the United States Navy named in honor of the US state of Idaho.  After her career in the USN, she was sold to Greece and renamed "Lemnos" in 1914.  "Lemnos" was sunk by German bombers in April 1941.  "Idaho" and her sister "Mississippi" were designed in response to Congressional desire to cap the growth and expense of new battleships, whose size and cost had increased dramatically since the first US battleships, the "Indiana" s of 1893, had been authorized.  Displacement was limited to 13000 LT , a reduction of from the prior "Connecticut" class . USS "Arizona" was a "Pennsylvania"-class battleship built for and by the United States Navy in the mid-1910s.  Named in honor of the 48th state's recent admission into the union, the ship was the second and last of the "Pennsylvania" class of "super-dreadnought" battleships.  Although commissioned in 1916, the ship remained stateside during World War I.  Shortly after the end of the war, "Arizona" was one of a number of American ships that briefly escorted President Woodrow Wilson to the Paris Peace Conference.  The ship was sent to Turkey in 1919 at the beginning of the Greco-Turkish War to represent American interests for several months.  Several years later, she was transferred to the Pacific Fleet and remained there for the rest of her career. USS "California" (BB-44), one of two "Tennessee"-class battleship s completed shortly after World War I, was the fifth ship of the United States Navy named in honor of the 31st state.  She was the last American battleship built on the West Coast, and the only one of the dreadnought type.  She served in the Pacific her entire career, and for twenty years was the flagship of the Pacific Fleet.  She was sunk in the attack on Pearl Harbor at her moorings in Battleship Row, but was salvaged and reconstructed.  She served again for the remainder of World War II before being decommissioned in 1947.  She was sold for scrap in 1959. Poltava (renamed Frunze in 1926) was the second of the "Gangut"-class battleship s of the Imperial Russian Navy built before World War I.  The "Gangut"s were the first class of Russian dreadnoughts.  She was named after the Russian victory over Charles XII of Sweden in the Battle of Poltava in 1709.  She was completed during the winter of 1914–15, but was not ready for combat until mid-1915.  Her role was to defend the mouth of the Gulf of Finland against the Germans, who never tried to enter, so she spent her time training and providing cover for mine laying operations.  She was laid up in 1918 for lack of trained crew and suffered a devastating fire the following year that almost gutted her.  Many proposals were made to reconstruct or modernize her in different ways for the next twenty years, but none were carried out.  While all this was being discussed she served as source of spare parts for her sister ships and was used as a barracks ship.  She was finally struck from the Navy List in 1940 and scrapping began at a very leisurely rate.  She was intentionally grounded in late 1941 to prevent her from being sunk in some inconvenient location by the Germans.  She was refloated in 1944 and scrapped beginning in 1949. The two "Nevada"-class battleship s were the first Standard-type battleships produced by the U.S. Navy, and also the first to use triple main turrets.  "Nevada" (BB-36) and "Oklahoma" (BB-37) were both ordered in March 1911.  In armament, armor, and propulsion the "Nevada" class represented a considerable evolution in battleship design and, in being designed specifically to fight at extreme gunnery ranges, was actually well ahead of its time.  They would be followed by the "Pennsylvania"-class battleship s. Imperator Alexandr III (Russian: Император Александр III ) was a "Borodino"-class battleship built for the Russian Imperial Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.  The design of the "Borodino" class was derived from that of the French-designed battleship "Tsesarevich" .  The ship was completed a few months before the start of the Russo-Japanese War in February 1904 and was assigned to the Second Pacific Squadron sent to the Far East six months later to break the Japanese blockade of Port Arthur.  The Japanese captured the port while the squadron was in transit and their destination was changed to Vladivostok.  During the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905, "Imperator Alexandr III" was sunk by Japanese gunfire with the loss of 778 men, her entire crew.
Answer: USS "Arizona"