Question: Fritz Johann Hansgirg worked with an American industrialist who established the Kaiser Shipyards, which build Liberty ships during what war?
Context: The four Richmond Shipyards, located in the city of Richmond, California, United States, were run by Permanente Metals and part of the Kaiser Shipyards.  During World War II, Richmond built more ships than any other shipyard, turning out as many as three ships in a single day.  The shipyards are part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park, whose Rosie the Riveter memorial sits on the former grounds of Shipyard #2.  Shipyard #3 is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The "SS Carroll Victory" was the twenty-seventh Victory ship built during the World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program.  It was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on June 13, 1944, and completed on August 31, 1944.  The ship was named after Carroll, Iowa.  The ship’s United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2-S-AP3 with a hull number 27 (V-27).  It was operated by the Lykes Brothers SS Company and it served in the Atlantic Ocean during World War II.  The Carroll was one of the new 10,500-ton class ship known as Victory ships that were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships. Unlike Liberty ships, Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war.  The Victory ships differed from Liberty ships in that they were faster, longer and wider, taller, had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure, and had a long raised forecastle. The "SS Gainesville Victory" was the 22nd Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program.  She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on June 9, 1944, and completed on July 22, 1944.  The ship’s United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2-S-AP3, hull number 22 (V-22).  She was operated by the Seas Shipping Company.  SS "Gainesville Victory" served in the Pacific Ocean during World War II.  SS "Gainesville Victory" was number one of the new 10,500-ton class of ships, known as Victory ships.  Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for WW2, while Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war.  The Victory ships differed from the Liberty ships in that they were faster, longer, wider, taller, had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure, and had a long raised forecastle. Kaiser Ventures (formerly Kaiser Steel) corporation, headquartered in Ontario, California.  It was founded by Henry J. Kaiser to provide steel plate for the Pacific Coast shipbuilding industry, which expanded during World War II, then shrank, then expanded again during the Korean War.  California Shipbuilding Corporation on Terminal Island, California, was one of these shipyards which built hundreds of Liberty ships and Victory ships in World War II, and was also a project of Henry Kaiser.  Kaiser Steel was noted for making the most of its costly steelmaking inputs, and it captured, along with the U.S. Steel plant in Utah, much of the Pacific Coast steel market by the late 1950s.  Its assets included steelmaking plants in Napa, California (that it acquired from Basalt Rock Company in 1955) and Fontana, California (now operated by California Steel Industries), and a former open-pit iron ore mine at Eagle Mountain, California.  Steel manufactured was also used in Kaiser Motors. The St. Johns River Shipbuilding Company was created in Jacksonville, Florida, during World War II to build Liberty ships. Fritz Johann Hansgirg (18911949) was an Austrian electrochemist and metallurgist who in 1928 invented the carbothermic magnesium reduction process (magnesium, like calcium, can be used to reduce uranium oxide to pure uranium metal for use in nuclear weapons), similar to the Pidgeon process.  In 1934, he left Austria for the Empire of Japan where he worked with industrialist Shitagau Noguchi to set up a magnesium plant and further helped the Japanese build a pilot plant to produce heavy water by the Combined Electrolysis Catalytic Exchange (CECE) he invented.  Coming to the United States in 1940, he worked with American industrialist Henry J. Kaiser to design a magnesium plant in California, but at the outbreak of World War II, Hansgirg was arrested by the FBI on a Presidential warrant and interned for "the duration of the war."  After the war, the Soviet Union captured Hansgirg's plants in northern Korea, using the plants' processes and equipment for their atomic bomb project against the United States, likewise, using them in the Manhattan Project, the exact details of which still remain classified in both the United States and Russia. Henry John Kaiser (May 9, 1882 – August 24, 1967) was an American industrialist who became known as the father of modern American shipbuilding.  He established the Kaiser Shipyards, which built Liberty ships during World War II, after which he formed Kaiser Aluminum and Kaiser Steel.  Kaiser organized Kaiser Permanente health care for his workers and their families.  He led Kaiser-Frazer followed by Kaiser Motors, automobile companies known for the safety of their designs.  Kaiser was involved in large construction projects such as civic centers and dams, and invested in real estate.  With his wealth, he established the Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonprofit, non-partisan, charitable organization. Permanente Metals Corporation (PMC) is best known for having managed the Richmond Shipyards in Richmond, California, owned by one of industrialist Henry J. Kaiser's many corporations, and also engaged in related corporate activities.  These four of the seven west coast Kaiser Shipyards were known for their construction of Liberty ships. The "SS China Victory" was a Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program.  She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on January 26, 1944, and completed on April 1, 1944.  The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was 'VC2- S- AP3, hull number 1'.  She was operated by the Matson Navigation Company of Hawaii.  SS "China Victory" served in the Pacific Ocean during World War II.  The 10,500-ton Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for World War II compared to Victory ships, which were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war.  Victory ships differed from Liberty ships in that they were faster, longer and wider, taller, had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure, and had a long raised forecastle. The Kaiser Shipyards were seven major shipbuilding yards located on the United States west coast during World War II.  Kaiser ranked 20th among U.S. corporations in the value of wartime production contracts.  The shipyards were owned by the Kaiser Shipbuilding Company, a creation of American industrialist Henry J. Kaiser, (1882-1967), who established the shipbuilding company around 1939 in order to help meet the construction goals set by the United States Maritime Commission for merchant shipping.
Answer: World War II