Question: Which psychiatric hospital was federally rather than privately funded, St. Elizabeths Hospital or Psychiatric Institute of Washington?
Context: The Zucker Hillside Hospital, previously known as Hillside Hospital, is an in-patient and out-patient psychiatric hospital and clinic in the borough of Queens in New York City.  In 1999, Donald and Barbara Zucker made a substantial donation to the Hillside Hospital and the hospital was renamed The Zucker Hillside Hospital in their honor.  In its 2008 "US NEWS and WORLD REPORT" rating of the Best Psychiatric Hospitals in the US, The Zucker Hillside Hospital received a 3.9% on the reputation scale.  The Zucker Hillside Hospital is a 236-bed psychiatric facility known for its pioneering work in diagnosis, treatment and research of mental illness.  The hospital has a campus-like setting, which offers athletic facilities and a fully accredited grade school and high school.  The central park area was designed and installed by Goldberg & Rodler, Inc. of Huntington, NY.  Goldberg & Rodler, Inc. has also been responsible for other site improvements over the past 60 years.  Inpatient services include units for general psychiatry, schizophrenia, affective disorders, geriatrics, children and adolescents.  They have outpatient services for all ages as well as partial hospital and continuing day treatment programs.  They also have programs for chemical abusers, and a special Center for Neuropsychiatric Outcomes and Rehabilitation.  The hospital uses the very latest virtual reality software to treat various phobic disorders, including fear of flying and heights. Loreta Janeta Velázquez (June 26, 1842 – 1923), was a Cuban-born woman who masqueraded as a male Confederate soldier during the American Civil War.  After her soldier husband's accidental death, she enlisted in the Confederate States Army in 1861.  She then fought at Bull Run, Ball's Bluff, and Fort Donelson, but was discharged when her gender was discovered while in New Orleans.  Undeterred, she reenlisted and fought at Shiloh, until unmasked once more.  She then became a Confederate spy, working in both male and female guises, and as a double agent also reporting to the U.S. Secret Service.  She remarried three more times, being widowed in each instance.  According to William C Davis, she died in January 1923 under the name Loretta J. Beard after many years away from the public eye in a public psychiatric facility, St. Elizabeths Hospital.  She spied on the Union for about 5 years. Royal Park Psychiatric Hospital, commonly known as Royal Park is a former Receiving House and Psychiatric Hospital located in Parkville.  Operating for over 90 years, Royal Park Hospital was the first psychiatric hospital established in Victoria after the Lunacy Act of 1903, and was intended for patients with curable disorders.  Built on the north-western edge of the 181 hectare parklands known as Royal Park, Royal Park Hospital along with Royal Melbourne Hospital, Royal Children's Hospital and Mount Royal formed the Parkville Hospital Precinct.  Following the hospital's closure in the 1990s, several of the hospital's original buildings have been listed on the Victorian Heritage Register for their historic and architectural values. Douglass is a residential neighborhood in Southeast Washington, D.C., on the eastern side of St. Elizabeths Hospital, on the border of the Congress Heights Metro Station.  It is bounded by Suitland Parkway to the north and east, Alabama Avenue to the south, and the St. Elizabeths campus to the west. Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital (also known as Greystone Psychiatric Park, Greystone Psychiatric Hospital, or simply Greystone and formerly known as the State Asylum for the Insane at Morristown, New Jersey State Hospital, Morris Plains, and Morris Plains State Hospital) referred to both the former psychiatric hospital and the historic building that it occupied in Morris Plains, New Jersey.  Built in 1876, the facility was built to alleviate overcrowding at the state's only other "lunatic asylum" located in Trenton, New Jersey.  Originally built to accommodate 350 people, the facility, having been expanded several times, reached a high of over 7700 patients resulting in unprecedented overcrowding conditions.  In 2008, the facility was ordered to be closed as a result of deteriorating conditions and overcrowding.  A new facility was built on the large Greystone campus nearby and bears the same name as the aging facility.  Despite considerable public opposition and media attention, demolition of the main Kirkbride building began in April 2014 and was completed by October 2015. Visits to St Elizabeths is a poem by Elizabeth Bishop modelled on the English nursery rhyme "This is the house that Jack built".  The poem refers to the confinement between 1945 and 1958 of Ezra Pound in St Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D.C.  The nursery rhyme style gives an unusual effect to the strange or unsettling descriptions of a psychiatric hospital in the poem.  Likewise the poem treats Pound ambivalently describing him by turns as "honored", "brave", "cruel", and "wretched" among other things. St. Elizabeths Hospital opened in 1855 as the first federally operated psychiatric hospital in the United States.  Housing over 8,000 patients at its peak in the 1950s, the hospital at one point had a fully functioning medical-surgical unit, a school of nursing, and accredited internships and psychiatric residencies.  Its campus was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1990. Tower Psychiatric Hospital is a government funded Psychiatric hospital and Psychosocial Rehabilitation Centre in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality area of Fort Beaufort, Eastern Cape in South Africa.  It provides long term psychiatric care and psychosocial rehabilitation services to the entire Eastern Cape.  The hospital has a full time Psychiatrist since December 2015. The Psychiatric Institute of Washington (PIW) is an acute (104 bed) psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C. Opened in 1967, PIW is a short-term, private hospital.  It offers behavioral healthcare to patients suffering from mental and addictive illnesses, including children, adolescents, adults and the elderly.  Services offered by PIW include inpatient, partial and intensive outpatient hospitalization, and group treatment programs for substance abuse and addiction. Winfred Overholser (1892 – October 6, 1964) was an American psychiatrist, president of the American Psychiatric Association, and for 25 years the superintendent of St. Elizabeths Hospital, a federal institution for the mentally ill in Washington, D.C.
Answer: St. Elizabeths Hospital