Question: St. Louis Plantation was part of the culture during what time period?
Context: The War Lords were a Black militant youth organization in East St. Louis, Illinois in the 1960's.  Founded in January 1965 as The Royal Serpents, the organization's name changed to Imperial War Lords within its first month of existence.  The organization sponsored teenage dances, and frequented the First United Lutheran Church, whose pastors Sonny Goldenstein and later Keith Davis ministered to them.  The group was led by Charles "Sweed" Jeffries, who was active in the East St. Louis school boycotts in the spring of 1968.  He was closely associated with Charles Koen, and often arrested.  The War Lords played an active role in Project IMPACT (innovative Methods of Positive Action for Community Tranquility), a federally funded arts and recreation program in East St. Louis which sponsored summer music concerts.  In 1968, the War Lords were involved in the formation of Youth Organizations United, a national coalition of street gangs, which included the Black Knights from Memphis, the Black Egyptians from East St. Louis, the Vice Lords from Chicago, the Thugs United from New Orleans and many others.  At sometime in 1969, the War Lords joined with the Black Egyptians and possibly Black Culture Inc. as well to form the United Front of East St. Louis.  There are few references to the War Lords after that, although in one late press release, Charles Jeffries stated that membership had been opened to whites.  The War Lord's transition to mixed race membership lead to other endeavors and the formation of Warlords MC(Motorcycle Club), the nation's first interracial 3 piece patch MC. The Kate Chopin House, located at 4232 McPherson Avenue in St. Louis, Missouri, is the former home of author Kate Chopin.  The house was built in 1897 by contractor Oscar F. Humphrey.  Chopin moved to the house in 1903 and lived there until her death in 1904; while living in the house, she wrote her last poem and story.  Chopin grew up in St. Louis before moving to Louisiana with her husband; after his death, she returned to St. Louis, where she began her writing career.  Her stories discussed the evolving role of women in American society, and contemporary literary critics considered her one of the most significant St. Louis authors of the period.  The house at 4232 McPherson is her only surviving former residence in St. Louis. Mary Hancock McLean (28 February 1861 - 17 May 1930) was a physician and missionary.  Born to Elijah McLean, a physician, and Mary Stafford, she enjoyed a privileged childhood with academic opportunities uncommon for girls of her time period.  After graduating from the University of Michigan Medical School, she became the first woman to hold an official position at the St. Louis Female Hospital and first woman admitted to the St. Louis Medical Society. William Butts Ittner (September 4, 1864 – 1936) was an architect in St. Louis, Missouri.  He designed many school buildings in Missouri and other areas, was president of the St. Louis Chapter of the American Institute of Architects from 1893–95, was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Missouri in 1930, served as president of the Architectural League of America during 1903–04, and at the time of his death was president of the St. Louis Plaza Commission, a fellow and life member of the American Institute of Architects, and a thirty-third degree Mason.  He was described as the most influential man in school architecture in the United States and has a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.  He was appointed St. Louis School Board commissioner in 1897 and is said to have designed open buildings that featured "natural lighting, inviting exteriors, and classrooms tailored to specific needs." Plantations were an important aspect of the history of the American South, particularly the antebellum (pre-American Civil War) era.  The mild subtropical climate, plentiful rainfall, and fertile soils of the American Southeast allowed large plantations to flourish; where large numbers of workers, usually Africans held captive for slave labor, were required for agricultural production. The St. Louis Plantation is a Southern plantation with a historic mansion located in Iberville Parish, Louisiana, United States.  It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 3, 1975. The history of St. Louis, Missouri, from 1905 to 1980 saw declines in population and economic basis, particularly after World War II.  Although St. Louis made civic improvements in the 1920s and enacted pollution controls in the 1930s, suburban growth accelerated and the city population fell dramatically from the 1950s to the 1980s.  Like many urban areas, St. Louis experienced high unemployment during the Great Depression, then expanded its industrial base during World War II.  The city became home to the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial during the 1930s, and during the 1960s the Gateway Arch was built on the memorial grounds.  St. Louis City and St. Louis County made multiple attempts at consolidation during the period, but none were particularly successful.  Despite attempts at urban renewal that included public housing projects such as the Pruitt-Igoe complex, and the city continued to lose population to county cities. The 1927 St. Louis – East St. Louis tornado was a powerful and devastating tornado that struck St. Louis, Missouri on September 29, 1927, at 1:00pm.  The tornado is estimated to be at least a F3 or F4 on the Fujita scale.  The 2nd deadliest tornado to occur in the St. Louis metropolitan area, it caused at minimum 72–79 deaths and injured more than 550 people all within a seven-to-twelve-mile long, 100–600 yard wide path.  At one time it was the 2nd costliest tornado in US history.  More than 200 city blocks were destroyed.  It is one of four tornadoes (1871, 1896, 1927, 1959) that have torn through downtown St. Louis. Streetcars in St. Louis, Missouri operated as part of the transportation network of St. Louis from the middle of the 19th century through the early 1960s.  During the first forty years of the streetcar in the city, a variety of private companies operated several dozen lines; from the start of the 20th century, most of these companies consolidated into the St. Louis Public Service Company, which served both the city of St. Louis and neighboring St. Louis County, Missouri.  Other private companies, such as those serving the Metro East region or St. Charles, Missouri, continued separate operations.  Starting in the 1930s and continuing through the 1960s, St. Louis Public Service ended all streetcar service, while other regional operators also ended their services. The St. Louis, Missouri metropolitan area has a history of tornadoes.  The third-deadliest, and the costliest in United States history, the 1896 St. Louis – East St. Louis tornado, injured more than one thousand people and caused at least 255 fatalities in the City of St. Louis and in East St. Louis.  The second-costliest tornado also occurred in St. Louis in September 1927.  More tornado fatalities occurred in St. Louis than any other city in the United States.  Also noteworthy is that destructive tornadoes occurred in winter and autumn, as well as the typical months of spring.  Additionally, damaging tornadoes occurred in the morning and late at night, as well as the more common late-afternoon to early-evening maximum period.
Answer: pre-American Civil War