Question: Orange Order was founded by whom?
Context: The Grand Orange Lodge of British America, more commonly known as the Grand Orange Lodge of Canada or simply Orange Order in Canada, is the Canadian branch of the Orange Order, a Protestant fraternal organization that began in County Armagh, Ireland, in 1795.  It has played a large part in the history of Canada, with many prominent members including four Prime Ministers, amongst them Sir John A. Macdonald and John Diefenbaker , as well as Tommy Douglas , founder of the New Democratic Party. The Loyal Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based primarily in Northern Ireland.  It also has a significant presence in the Scottish Lowlands and lodges throughout the Commonwealth, as well as in the United States and Togo.  The Orange Order was founded in County Armagh in 1795, during a period of Protestant–Catholic sectarian conflict, as a Masonic-style brotherhood sworn to maintain the Protestant Ascendancy.  It is headed by the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland, which was established in 1798.  Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant king William of Orange, who defeated the army of Catholic king James II in the Williamite–Jacobite War (16881691).  Its members wear orange sashes and are referred to as Orangemen.  The Order is best known for its yearly marches, the biggest of which are held on or around 12 July ('The Twelfth'). The Flag of the Orange Order, also known as the Boyne Standard or the Orange Standard, is the flag used by the Northern Irish Protestant fraternal organisation, the Orange Order.  The flag consists of an orange background with purple star and a Cross of Saint George in canton. Orange walks are a series of parades held annually by members of the Orange Order on a regular basis during the summer in Ulster, and mostly in Scotland, and occasionally in :England, and throughout the Commonwealth.  These typically build up to 12 July celebrations which mark Prince William of Orange's victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.  Although the term "march" or "parade" is widely used in the media, the Order prefers terms such as "walk" or "demonstration".  Orange walks have faced opposition from Catholics, Irish Nationalists, Scottish Nationalists and those on the political left who see the parades as sectarian and triumphalist.  Those who attend the procession, however, regard it as having a vital ceremonial significance. Banners are a significant part of the Culture of Northern Ireland, particularly for the Protestant/unionist community, and one of the region's most prominent types of folk art.  They are typically carried in parades such as those held on the Twelfth of July, Saint Patrick's Day and other times throughout the year.  Generally these are organised by societies such as the Orange Order, the Ancient Order of Hibernians, the Royal Black Institution and the Apprentice Boys of Derry, and the banners are typically commissioned, and represent, a lodge within one of these societies.  Banners are also carried by trade unions and church groups, and by marching bands. Most banners are painted by professionals and executed on silk, although canvas was a more popular material in the past.  Most have a painting on each side, usually depicting different subjects, and the name and number of the lodge.  Most banners have one subject per side, surrounded by flourishes, scrolls, and other decoration.  Despite being in many ways a sectarian art form, Catholic and Protestant banners are usually very similar in terms of style and composition.  Apart from subject matter, the main difference is colour: Orange Order banners make heavy use of the colour orange and to a lesser extent red, white, blue and purple, while Catholic banners tend to feature a lot of green. The Orange Institution, better known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based in Northern Ireland.  It has been a strong supporter of Irish unionism and has had close links with the Ulster Unionist Party, which governed Northern Ireland from 1922 to 1972.  The Institution has lodges throughout Ireland, although it is strongest in the North.  There are also branches throughout the British Commonwealth (especially in Scotland and Canada), and in the United States.  In the 20th century, the Institution went into sharp decline outside Northern Ireland and County Donegal.  Observers have accused the Orange Institution of being a sectarian organisation, due to its goals and its exclusion of Roman Catholics and close relatives of Catholics as members.  The Order has a substantial fraternal and benevolent component. On the 1 September 1975 Irish Republicans from the Provisional IRA using the covername South Armagh Republican Action Force carried out a gun attack on an Orange Order building (known as a Orange Hall) in Tullyvallen, Newtownhamilton, County Armagh close to the Irish border. The Peep o' Day Boys was an agrarian Protestant association in 18th-century Ireland.  Originally noted as being an agrarian society around 1779–80, from 1785 it became the Protestant component of the sectarian conflict that emerged in County Armagh, their rivals being the Catholic Defenders.  After the Battle of the Diamond in 1795, where an offshoot of the Peep o' Day Boys known as the Orange Boys defeated a force of Defenders, the Orange Order was instituted, and whilst repudiating the activities of the Peep o' Day Boys, they quickly superseded them.  The Orange Order would blame the Peep o' Day Boys for "the Armagh outrages" that followed the battle. Sir Robert George Caldwell "Robin" Kinahan, ERD (24 September 1916 – 2 May 1997) was a politician, businessman and a senior member of the Orange Order in Northern Ireland.  In his obituary, he was described as one of the last of the "county elite" to remain a high-ranking member of the Orange Order during the turbulent years of The Troubles, when it became potentially dangerous to belong.  In his personal life he deplored bigotry and was almost expelled from the Orange Order for having attended a Roman Catholic funeral service. The Orange Volunteers (OV) or Orange Volunteer Force (OVF) is a small Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland.  It was formed in 1998 by loyalists who opposed the Belfast Agreement and the loyalist ceasefires.  Over the following year it carried out a wave of bomb and gun attacks on Catholics and Catholic-owned property in rural areas, but since 2000 has been relatively inactive.  The group has been associated with elements of the Orange Order and has a Protestant fundamentalist ideology.  Its original leader was Pastor Clifford Peeples.  The OV are a Proscribed Organisation in the United Kingdom under the Terrorism Act 2000.
Answer: Irish Republicans