Question: Does the OPUS card use close physical proximity or WiFi networks to make payments?
Context: Contactless payment systems are credit cards and debit cards, key fobs, smart cards, or other devices, including smartphones and other mobile devices, that use radio-frequency identification (RFID) or near field communication (NFC, e.g. Samsung Pay, Apple Pay, Android Pay, or any bank mobile application that support Contactless) for making secure payments.  The embedded chip and antenna enable consumers to wave their card, fob, or handheld device over a reader at the point of sale terminal.  Contactless payments are made in close physical proximity, unlike mobile payments which use broad-area cellular or WiFi networks and do not involve close physical proximity. Menlo School, also referred to simply as Menlo, is an independent college preparatory school in Atherton, California, United States, near the heart of Silicon Valley.  Menlo comprises a middle school that includes grades 6–8 and a high school that includes grades 9–12.  Both the middle school and high schools are located in close physical proximity, but they operate as semi-autonomous units with select overlapping administration. OPUS is a rechargeable, contactless stored-value smart card using the Calypso Standard and is used by major public transit operators in Greater Montreal and Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. NGC 5112 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici.  This galaxy is in close physical proximity to the edge-on dwarf spiral NGC 5107. In the United States, the daylight overdraft (also called "intraday overdraft") is a system in which “allows qualifying banks to overdraw on their Federal Reserve accounts in order to make payments via Fedwire.  Banks can acquire overdrafts throughout the day to make payments, but must ensure that their accounts are not in a negative position at the end of the day.” A science park (also called a "university research park", or a "science and technology park") is a strategically planned, purpose built work environment.  It is designed to locate in close physical proximity university, government and private research bodies involved in a particular field of endeavour.  This is so that knowledge can be shared, innovation promoted and research outcomes progressed to viable commercial products. Credit card interest is the principal way in which credit card issuers generate revenue.  A card issuer is a bank or credit union that gives a consumer (the cardholder) a card or account number that can be used with various payees to make payments and borrow money from the bank simultaneously.  The bank pays the payee and then charges the cardholder interest over the time the money remains borrowed.  Banks suffer losses when cardholders do not pay back the borrowed money as agreed.  As a result, optimal calculation of interest based on any information they have about the cardholder's credit risk is key to a card issuer's profitability.  Before determining what interest rate to offer, banks typically check national, and international (if applicable), credit bureau reports to identify the borrowing history of the card holder applicant with other banks and conduct detailed interviews and documentation of the applicant's finances. Far-Play (stylized fAR-Play, from augmented reality) is a software platform developed at the University of Alberta, for creating location-based, scavenger-hunt style games which use the GPS and web-connectivity features of a player's smartphone.  According to the development team, "our long-term objective is to develop a general framework that supports the implementation of AARGs that are fun to play and also educational".  It utilizes Layar, an augmented reality smartphone application, QR codes located at particular real-world sites, or a phone's web browser, to facilitate games which require players to be in close physical proximity to predefined "nodes".  A node, referred to by the developers as a Virtual Point of Interest (vPOI), is a point in space defined by a set of map coordinates; fAR-Play uses the GPS function of a player's smartphone—or, for indoor games, which are not easily tracked by GPS satellites, specially-created QR codes—to confirm that they are adequately near a given node.  Once a player is within a node's proximity, Layar's various augmented reality features can be utilized to display a range of extra content overlaid upon the physical play-space or launch another application for extra functionality. Android Pay is a digital wallet platform developed by Google to power in-app and tap-to-pay purchases on mobile devices, enabling users to make payments with Android phones, tablets or watches.  Android Pay uses near field communication (NFC) to transmit card information facilitating funds transfer to the retailer.  It replaces the credit or debit card chip and PIN or magnetic stripe transaction at point-of-sale terminals by allowing the user to upload these in the Android Pay wallet.  It is similar to contactless payments already used in many countries, with the addition of two-factor authentication.  The service lets Android devices wirelessly communicate with point of sale systems using a near field communication (NFC) antenna, host-based card emulation (HCE), and Android's security. Microsoft Wallet is a mobile payment and digital wallet service by Microsoft that lets users make payments and store loyalty cards on certain devices.  Making payments is currently supported with the Microsoft Lumia 950, Lumia 950 XL, and Lumia 650.  Microsoft Wallet does not require Microsoft Wallet-specific contactless payment terminals, and can work with existing contactless terminals.  Similar to Android Pay, Microsoft Wallet utilizes Host card emulation (HCE) for making in-store payments.
Answer: close physical proximity