Question: The president of the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights from 1956 to 1969 helped who during the Civil Rights movement?
Context: Long Civil Rights Movement is an argument advanced by American historian Jacquelyn Dowd Hall.  It was proposed in the article "The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past" within "The Journal of American History" in 2005.  Dowd had used the term in an earlier article titled, "Broadening Our View of the Civil Rights Movement" within the journal "The Chronicle of Higher Education" in 2001.  Since 2005, the long civil rights movement argument has attracted substantial attention from scholars and academics that study the Civil Rights Movement. Colonel Stone Johnson (September 9, 1918 – January 19, 2012) was an African-American activist in the Civil Rights Movement.  A railway worker and union representative by trade, he got involved in the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Alabama in the mid 1950s, working with Fred Shuttlesworth.  He started a civil rights organization called the Civil Rights Guards that protected homes and business involved in the movement, usually while armed. Raji Sourani (Arabic: راجي الصوراني‎ ‎ , born c. 1954) is a human rights lawyer in the Gaza Strip.  He was a recipient of the Robert F Kennedy Human Rights Award in 1991, given each year to an individual whose courageous activism is at the heart of the human rights movement and in the spirit of Robert F. Kennedy's vision and legacy.  He was an Amnesty International prisoner of conscience in 1985 and 1988, member of International Commission of Jurists EXCO and IDAL EXCO, and Vice President of the International Federation of Human Rights.  He is the founder and director of the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights.  Sourani was active in the cases of Palestinians representing deportation, and in monitoring the conditions of Israeli prisons and detentions.  He remains an unreserved critic of human rights violations occurring on both sides of the conflict. Bethel Baptist Church in the Collegeville neighborhood of Birmingham, Alabama served as headquarters from 1956 to 1961 for the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR), which was led by Fred Shuttlesworth and active in the Birmingham during the Civil Rights Movement.  The ACMHR focused on legal and nonviolent direct action against segregated accommodations, transportation, schools and employment discrimination.  It played a crucial role in the 1961 Freedom Ride that resulted in federal enforcement of U.S. Supreme Court and Interstate Commerce Commission rulings to desegregate public transportation. Frederick Lee "Fred" Shuttlesworth ( born Fred Lee Robinson, March 18, 1922 – October 5, 2011), was a U.S. civil rights activist who led the fight against segregation and other forms of racism as a minister in Birmingham, Alabama.  He was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, and continued to work against racism and for alleviation of the problems of the homeless in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up a pastorate in 1961.  He returned to Birmingham after his retirement in 2007.  He helped Martin Luther King Jr. during the Civil Rights Movement. The Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) was a civil rights organization in Birmingham, Alabama, United States, which coordinated boycotts and sponsored federal lawsuits aimed at dismantling segregation in Birmingham and Alabama during the Civil Rights Movement.  Fred Shuttlesworth, pastor of Bethel Baptist Church, served as president of the group from its founding in 1956 until 1969.  The ACMHR's crowning moment came during the pivotal Birmingham Campaign which it coordinated along with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the Spring of 1963. Human rights in Cuba are under the scrutiny of human rights organizations, who accuse the Cuban government of systematic human rights abuses, including arbitrary imprisonment and unfair trials.  International human rights organizations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have drawn attention to the actions of the human rights movement and designated members of it as prisoners of conscience, such as Óscar Elías Biscet.  In addition, the International Committee for Democracy in Cuba led by former heads of state Václav Havel of the Czech Republic, José María Aznar of Spain and Patricio Aylwin of Chile was created to support the civic movement. A Human Rights City is a municipality that refers explicitly to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards and/or law in their policies, statements, and programs.  Analysts have observed growing numbers of such cities since 2000... The Human Rights City initiative emerged from the global human rights movement, and it reflects efforts of activist groups to improve respect for human rights principles by governments and other powerful actors who operate at the local/community level.  Because of their focus on local contexts, Human Rights Cities tend to emphasize economic, social, and cultural rights as they affect the lives of residents of cities and other communities and their ability to enjoy civil and political human rights. Hafez Abu Seada is an Egyptian politician, human rights activist and the current Chairman of the Egyptian Organization for Human rights Egypt's oldest Human Rights NGO , most known for his campaigns against torture and police brutality in Egypt.  Abu Seada was born in 1965 in Cairo Egypt.  He took part in the student movement of the 1980s against president Mubarak's government and was detained several times due to his dissident activities.  After graduating from law school he worked as a human rights lawyer and got involved in Egyptian civil society.  Throughout his human rights career he held many posts including the presidency of the Egyptian Organization for human Rights.  He was also appointed in the mid 2000s in the government formed Egyptian National or Human Rights, and is a member of International Federation for Human Rights and was its envoy to the Arab league from 2004 to 2007.  Abu Seada took part in dozens of international human rights conferences, as well as attending the United Nations Human Rights council sessions in Geneva regularly representing the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights which has a consultative status with the UN that gives it the right to observe various UN sessions.  Abu Seada was a vocal supporter of Egypt's 2011 Revolution against the Mubarak regime, and took part in the street protests that ousted Egypt's longtime dictator, Abu Seada also harshly opposed the Muslim Brotherhood's regime and took part in the June 2013 uprising that ultimately led to the deposing of president Morsi on July 3, 2013.  Abu Seada ran in Egypt's 2015 parliamentary elections, he nominated himself in the Maadi electoral district as a candidate of the conservative party.  He pledged that the preservation of human rights and freedom of expression will be on the top of his legislative agenda if elected.  Abu Seada's strongest opponents in the elections were Hussein Megawer a leading figure of Mubarak's defunct National Democratic Party and a former member of parliament, and Gamal El Sherif a well known lawyer.  Abu Seada came in third in the polls, losing in the first round, while El Sherif defeated Megawer in the runoffs by a landslide.  Abu Seada attained a PHD in international law from Alexandria University in 2017, and remains one of the vocal defenders of human rights in Egypt despite a massive government crackdown on civil society. Septima Poinsette Clark (May 3, 1898 – December 15, 1987) was an American educator and civil rights activist.  Clark developed the literacy and citizenship workshops that played an important role in the drive for voting rights and civil rights for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement.  Septima Clark's work was commonly under appreciated by Southern male activists.  She became known as the "Queen mother" or "Grandmother" of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.  Martin Luther King, Jr. commonly referred to Clark as "The Mother of the Movement".  Clark's argument for her position in the Civil Rights Movement was one that claimed "knowledge could empower marginalized groups in ways that formal legal equality couldn't."
Answer: Martin Luther King Jr.