Question: Who was the temple that Herostratus sought to destroy dedicated to?
Context: Chersiphron ( ; Greek: Χερσίφρων ; fl.  6th century BC), an architect of Knossos in ancient Crete, was the builder of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, on the Ionian coast.  The original temple was destroyed in the 7th century BC, and about 550 BC Chersiphron and his son Metagenes began a new temple, the "Artemision", which became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World in each of its three manifestations.  It was burned by Herostratus in July 356 BC and rebuilt again. Herostratus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρόστρατος ) — or Erostratus — was a 4th-century BC Greek arsonist, who sought notoriety by destroying the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.  His acts prompted the creation of a "damnatio memoriae" law, forbidding anyone to mention his name.  Nevertheless, his name has become a metonym for someone who commits a criminal act in order to become noted. Ernakulam Shiva Temple, also known as Ernakulathappan Temple is one of the major temples of Kerala, located in heart of Ernakulam, the downtown area of the city of Kochi.  The temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is considered as the city temple, with the presiding deity as the protector of the city, as per local Hindu faiths and traditions.  As per the common practice in Kerala, the deity is reverently called Ernakulathappan, which means "Lord of Ernakulam".  The temple is located within the Durbar Hall Ground.  The temple history itself has deep association with history of the city and was one of the 7 royal temples of Kochi Maharajas.  The temple is now under administration of Cochin Devasom Board.  The temple in its current form was built under active patronage of Diwan Sri Edakkunni Sankara Warrier in year 1846 and raised it level of a Royal temple in the Kochi Kingdom.  The temple is built on 1 acre land.  The temple is one of the major Shiva temples in Kerala counted along with the Ettumanoor Mahadevar Temple, Kaduthruthy Mahadeva Temple, Vaikom Temple, Chengannur Mahadeva Temple and Vadakkunathan temple. Luxor Temple is a large Ancient Egyptian temple complex located on the east bank of the Nile River in the city today known as Luxor (ancient Thebes) and was constructed approximately 1400 BCE.  In the Egyptian language it is known as "ipet resyt", "the southern sanctuary".  In Luxor there are several great temples on the east and west banks.  Four of the major mortuary temples visited by early travelers and tourists include the Temple of Seti I at Gurnah, the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el Bahri, the Temple of Ramesses II (a.k.a. Ramesseum), and the Temple of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu; and the two primary cults temples on the east bank are known as the Karnak and Luxor.  Unlike the other temples in Thebes, Luxor temple is not dedicated to a cult god or a deified version of the king in death.  Instead Luxor temple is dedicated to the rejuvenation of kingship; it may have been where many of the kings of Egypt were crowned in reality or conceptually (as in the case of Alexander the Great who claimed he was crowned at Luxor but may never have traveled south of Memphis, near modern Cairo.) Srivaikuntanathan Perumal Temple (also called Srivaikuntam temple and Kallapiran temple) in Srivaikuntam, a town in Thoothukudi district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu.  It is located 22 km from Tirunelveli.  Constructed in the Dravidian style of architecture, the temple is glorified in the "Divya Prabandha", the early medieval Tamil canon of the Azhwar saints from the 6th–9th centuries AD.  It is one of the 108 "Divyadesam" dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Vaikuntanathar and his consort Lakshmi as Vaikuntavalli.  The temple is also classified as a Navatirupathi, the nine temples revered by Nammazhwar located in the banks of Tamiraparani river.  The temple is next only to Alwarthirunagari Temple in terms of importance among the nine Navatirupathi temple.  The temple is one of the Navagraha temples in Vaishnavism, associated with Surya, the Sun god. The Rexburg Idaho Temple is the 125th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).  Announced in late 2003, the temple was dedicated on February 10, 2008 and was the first temple dedicated by Thomas S. Monson as the church's new president.  The Rexburg Idaho Temple was the third LDS temple in Idaho.  (Later in 2008, a fourth Idaho temple was dedicated in Twin Falls.)  The temple sits south of the Brigham Young University–Idaho (BYU–Idaho) campus on the south side of Rexburg.  Prior to its completion, BYU–Idaho had been the only LDS Church-owned university without a temple adjacent to its campus. Abimukeswarar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located at Kumbakonam in Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.  This is one of the 12 Shiva temples connected with Mahamaham festival which happens once in 12 years in Kumbakonam.  Other temples are Kasi Viswanathar Temple, Kumbeswarar Temple, Nageswara Temple, Someswarar Temple, Koteeswarar Temple, Kahahasteeswarar Temple, Gowthameswarar Temple, Amirthakalasanathar Temple, Banapuriswarar Temple, Kambatta Visvanathar Temple and Ekambareswarar Temple. Manakula Vinayagar Temple (Tamil: மணக்குள விநாயகர் கோவில் ) is a Hindu temple in the Union Territory of Puducherry, India.  Dedicated to the god Ganesa, it is a popular pilgrimage site and tourist destination in Puducherry.  The temple is of considerable antiquity and predates French occupation of the territory.  During the tenure of Dupleix, there were attempts to destroy the temple but the temple was finally spared owing to strong protests from the Hindu population and the threat of British and Maratha invasion of the territory. The Temple of Artemis or Artemision (, Turkish: "Artemis Tapınağı" ), also known less precisely as the Temple of Diana, was a Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Artemis.  It was located in Ephesus (near the modern town of Selçuk in present-day Turkey).  One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, it was completely rebuilt three times before its final destruction in 401 AD.  Only foundations and sculptural fragments of the latest of the temples at the site remain. Thyagaraja Temple ( also called as Vadivudai Amman Temple ) is a Hindu temple dedicated to Hindu god Shiva.  It is located in Tiruvottiyur in the northern part of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.  The temple is revered by the "Tevaram" hymns of Saiva nayanars, the 7th century Tamil saint poets and classified as Paadal Petra Sthalam.  The temple is closely associated with the saint poet Sundarar and Pattinathar.  The temple has been in vogue from the Pallava times of the 7th century and widely expanded by Chola kings during the 11th century.  The temple has a seven tiered gateway tower, a tank, with the overall temple area covering 1 acre.  The temple is administered by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board of the Government of Tamil Nadu.  The temple draws parallel with the Thygaraja temple in Tiruvarur as both the temples were expanded by Rajendra Chola I and both have the same dance poses of Shiva.
Answer: goddess Artemis