Question: The Shockley diode was named after an American physicist who was the manager of a research group where?
Context: The Schottky diode (named after German physicist Walter H. Schottky), also known as hot-carrier diode, is a semiconductor diode formed by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal.  It has a low forward voltage drop and a very fast switching action.  The cat's-whisker detectors used in the early days of wireless and metal rectifiers used in early power applications can be considered primitive Schottky diodes. John James Kirton (born 1948) is a professor of political science and the director and co-founder of the G8 Research Group, co-director (with Alan Alexandroff and Donald Brean) and founder of the G20 Research Group, founder and co-director (with James Orbinski) of the Global Health Diplomacy Program, and founder and co-founder (with Marina Larionova of the National Research University - Higher School of Economics) of the BRICS Research Group, all housed at the Munk School of Global Affairs at University of Trinity College in the University of Toronto. The traitorous eight was a group of eight employees who left Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in 1957 to found Fairchild Semiconductor.  William Shockley had in 1956 recruited a group of young PhD graduates with the goal to develop and produce new semiconductor devices.  While Shockley had received a Nobel Prize in Physics and was an experienced researcher and teacher, his management of the group was authoritarian and unpopular.  This was accentuated by the fact that Shockley’s research focus wasn’t proving fruitful.  After the demand for Shockley to be replaced was rebuffed, the eight left to form their own company. Clarence Melvin Zener (December 1, 1905 – July 2, 1993) was the American physicist who first (1934) described the property concerning the breakdown of electrical insulators.  These findings were later exploited by Bell Labs in the development of the Zener diode, which was duly named after him.  Zener was a theoretical physicist with a background in mathematics who conducted research in a wide range of subjects including: superconductivity, metallurgy, ferromagnetism, elasticity, fracture mechanics, diffusion, and geometric programming. The Shockley diode (named after physicist William Shockley) is a four-layer semiconductor diode, which was one of the first semiconductor devices invented.  It was a "pnpn" diode.  It is equivalent to a thyristor with a disconnected gate. William Bradford Shockley Jr. ( ; February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American physicist and inventor.  Shockley was the manager of a research group at Bell Labs that included John Bardeen and Walter Brattain.  The three scientists were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for "their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect." The Shockley diode equation or the "diode law", named after transistor co-inventor William Shockley of Bell Telephone Laboratories, gives the I–V (current-voltage) characteristic of an idealized diode in either forward or reverse bias (applied voltage): The Cognitive Computing Research Group (CCRG) is a multi-disciplinary research center located at the University of Memphis.  The CCRG’s research revolves around the design and implementation of cognitive software agents, their computational applications, and their use in cognitive modeling.  Until 2006, the Cognitive Computing Research Group was known as the Conscious Software Research Group (CSRG).  The director is Stan Franklin. In electronics, diode modelling refers to the mathematical models used to approximate the actual behaviour of real diodes to enable calculations and circuit analysis.  A diode's I-V curve is nonlinear (it is well described by the Shockley diode law).  This nonlinearity complicates calculations in circuits involving diodes Ed Vernon Hungerford III is an American physicist and one of the prominent international particle physicists.  He is one of the world leaders in the field of Hypernuclear Physics with significant original research carried out in the field.  Since 2011, he is MD Anderson Professor of Physics at the Department of Physics, University of Houston, where he has been leading his research group (Medium-Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics group).  He is known for his significant contributions to the field of hypernuclear physics and hypernuclear spectroscopy, with more than hundred important research papers, multiple grants and more than twenty successful PhD students advised during his highly-productive career.
Answer: Bell Labs