Question: The a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 reported the smell of what war gas allegedly developed by the French chemist Eugène Turpin?
Context: Paul Delos Boyer (born July 31, 1918) is an American biochemist, analytical chemist, and a professor of chemistry at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) .  He shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (ATP synthase) with John E. Walker, making Boyer the only Utah-born Nobel laureate; the remainder of the Prize in that year was awarded to Danish chemist Jens Christian Skou for his discovery of the Na+/K+-ATPase.  He is the oldest living Nobel laureate at age 99 . John Charles Polanyi, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 23 January 1929) is a Hungarian-Canadian chemist who won the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for his research in chemical kinetics.  Polanyi was educated at the University of Manchester, and did postdoctoral research at the National Research Council in Canada and Princeton University in New Jersey.  Polanyi's first academic appointment was at the University of Toronto, and he remains there as of 2017 .  In addition to the Nobel Prize, Polanyi has received numerous other awards, including 33 honorary degrees, the Wolf Prize in Chemistry and the Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering.  Outside of his scientific pursuits, Polanyi is active in public policy discussion, especially concerning science and nuclear weapons.  His father, Mihály (Michael), was a noted chemist and philosopher.  His uncle Karl was an economist. Jean-Marie Lehn (born 30 September 1939) is a French chemist.  He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Donald Cram and Charles Pedersen in 1987 for his synthesis of cryptands. Lehn was an early innovator in the field of supramolecular chemistry, i.e., the chemistry of host-guest molecular assemblies created by intermolecular interactions, and continues to innovate in this field.  His group has published in excess of 900 peer-reviewed articles in chemistry literature. Panclastites are a class of Sprengel explosives similar to oxyliquits.  They were first suggested in 1881 by Eugène Turpin, a French chemist.  They are a mixture of liquid dinitrogen tetroxide serving as oxidizer with a suitable fuel, e.g. carbon disulfide, in the 3:2 volume ratio.   Other fuel being used is nitrobenzene.  Possible alternative fuels are e.g. nitrotoluene, gasoline, nitromethane, or halocarbons. Turpinite, also called Turpenite, is a fictional war gas allegedly developed by the French chemist Eugène Turpin and deployed against the attacking German army during the first months of World War I.  According to contemporary accounts, Turpinite, delivered by artillery shells, silently and suddenly killed any person within 400 yd of impact with its fumes.  Survivors of Turpinite barrages reported a strong chemical smell after an attack.  In reality, this smell was a side effect of the explosives used by the French and British militaries during the war.  The widespread, sudden deaths caused by artillery were in many cases caused by concussion, which leaves no mark on the victim.  After the war, German scientist Fritz Haber, who pioneered German gas attacks at the Second Battle of Ypres, said German soldiers had reported a strong chemical smell attributed to turpenite.  Haber and others investigated, finding the smell was due to incomplete combustion of the picric acid used in British artillery shells.  The belief that the French used chemical weapons in 1914 may have contributed to later German use of such weapons. Otto Paul Hermann Diels (] ; 23 January 1876 – 7 March 1954) was a German chemist.  His most notable work was done with Kurt Alder on the Diels–Alder reaction, a method for diene synthesis.  The pair was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1950 for their work.  Their method of synthesizing cyclic organic compounds proved valuable for the manufacture of synthetic rubber and plastic.  He completed his education at the University of Berlin, where he later worked.  Diels was employed at the University of Kiel when he completed his Nobel Prize–winning work, and remained there until he retired in 1945.  Diels was married, with five children.  He died in 1954. Fritz Haber (] ; 9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.  This invention is of importance for the large-scale synthesis of fertilizers and explosives.  The food production for half the world's current population depends on this method for producing nitrogen fertilizers.  Haber, along with Max Born, proposed the Born–Haber cycle as a method for evaluating the lattice energy of an ionic solid. Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus (25 December 1876 – 9 June 1959) was a German chemist who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1928 for his work on sterols and their relation to vitamins.  He was the doctoral advisor of Adolf Butenandt who also won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1939. François Eugène Turpin (30 September 1848 – 24 January 1927) was a French chemist involved in research of explosive materials.  He lived in Colombes. Yves Chauvin (] ; October 10, 1930 – January 27, 2015) was a French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate.  He was honorary research director at the "Institut français du pétrole" and a member of the French Academy of Science.  He was known for his work for deciphering the process of metathesis for which he was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock.
Answer: Turpenite