Question: Which group carried out the pub bombings that men such as Gerard "Gerry" Conlon were convicted of?
Context: Gareth Peirce (born March 1940) is an English solicitor and human rights activist.  She is best known for her work and advocacy in high-profile cases involving allegations of human rights injustices.  Her work with Gerry Conlon and the Guildford Four – wrongly convicted of bombings carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army – was chronicled in the film "In the Name of the Father" (1993), in which she was portrayed by Emma Thompson. Sarah Conlon (née Maguire) (20 January 1926 – 19 July 2008) was an Irish housewife and a prominent campaigner in one of the most high-profile miscarriage of justice cases in British legal history.  She spent decades campaigning to have the names of her husband Giuseppe and son Gerry cleared over the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) pub bombings at Guildford and Woolwich, and helped secure an apology from former British prime minister Tony Blair in 2005 for their wrongful imprisonment. The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven were the collective names of two groups whose convictions in English courts in 1975 and 1976 for the Guildford pub bombings of 5 October 1974 were eventually quashed after long campaigns for justice.  The Guildford Four were convicted of bombings carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), and the Maguire Seven were convicted of handling explosives found during the investigation into the bombings.  Both groups' convictions were eventually declared "unsafe and unsatisfactory" and reversed in 1989 and 1991 respectively after they had served up to 15–16 years in prison. The Birmingham pub bombings (also known as the Birmingham bombings) occurred on 21 November 1974, when bombs exploded in two public houses in central Birmingham, England.  The explosions killed 21 people and injured 182 others. In the Name of the Father is a 1993 Irish-British-American biographical courtroom drama film co-written and directed by Jim Sheridan.  It is based on the true life story of the Guildford Four, four people falsely convicted of the 1974 IRA's Guildford pub bombings, which killed four off-duty British soldiers and a civilian.  The screenplay was adapted by Terry George and Jim Sheridan from the autobiography "Proved Innocent: The Story of Gerry Conlon of the Guildford Four" by Gerry Conlon. Michael Joseph Murray (ca. 1936 – 7 March 1999) known as Mick Murray and Squire Murray was a Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteer, later named as an organiser of the Birmingham Pub Bombings, which killed 21 people on 21 November 1974. The Brook's Club bomb attack occurred on 22 October 1974 on St James's Street in London.  The Provisional Irish Republican Army's Active Service Unit nicknamed the "Balcombe Street Gang" threw a 5 lb (2.27 kg) bomb into an empty dining room causing extensive damage and injuring three members of staff of the Brook's gentlemans club.  The attacks occurred just two weeks after the ASU began its bombing campaign with the Guildford pub bombings which killed 5, 1 civilian and 4 soldiers and injured over 60 others. Gerard "Gerry" Conlon (1 March 1954 – 21 June 2014) was one of the Guildford Four who spent 15 years in prison after being wrongly convicted of being a Provisional IRA bomber. Birmingham 6 is a Danish electro-industrial/EBM group founded in 1991 and named after the Birmingham Six, a group of Irish men wrongly imprisoned for the Birmingham pub bombings.  Members include Kim Løhde Petersen and Michael Hillerup. The Birmingham Six were six men—Hugh Callaghan, Patrick Joseph Hill, Gerard Hunter, Richard McIlkenny, William Power and John Walker—falsely sentenced to life imprisonment in 1975 in England for the Birmingham pub bombings.  Their convictions were declared unjust and unsatisfactory and quashed by the Court of Appeal on 14 March 1991.  The six men were later awarded compensation ranging from £840,000 to £1.2 million.
Answer: Provisional Irish Republican Army