Question: Who created the National Gas Turbine Establishment and was credited with inventing the turbujeet engine?
Context: Air Commodore Sir Frank Whittle {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 June 1907 – 9 August 1996) was an English Royal Air Force (RAF) engineer air officer.  He is credited with single-handedly inventing the turbojet engine.  A patent was submitted by Maxime Guillaume in 1921 for a similar invention; however, this was technically unfeasible at the time.  Whittle's jet engines were developed some years earlier than those of Germany's Hans von Ohain who was the designer of the first "operational" turbojet engine. Power Jets was a British company set up by Frank Whittle for the purpose of designing and manufacturing jet engines.  The company was nationalised in 1944, and evolved into the National Gas Turbine Establishment. As the name suggests, gas turbine engine compressors provide the compression part of the gas turbine engine thermodynamic cycle.  There are three basic categories of gas turbine engine compressor: axial compressor, centrifugal compressor and mixed flow compressor.  A fourth, unusual, type is the free-piston gas generator, which combines the functions of compressor and combustion chamber in one unit. A Gas turbine locomotive is a locomotive powered by a gas turbine.  The majority of gas turbine locomotives have had electric transmission but mechanical transmission has also been used, particularly in the early days.  The advantage of using gas turbines is that they have very high power-to-bulk and power-to-weight ratios.  The disadvantage is that gas turbines generally have lower thermal efficiency than diesel engines, especially when running at less than full load. The National Gas Turbine Establishment (NGTE Pyestock) in Fleet, part of the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE), was the prime site in the UK for design and development of gas turbine and jet engines.  It was created by merging the design teams of Frank Whittle's Power Jets and the RAE turbine development team run by Hayne Constant.  NGTE spent most of its lifetime as a testing and development centre, both for experimental developments and to support commercial engine companies. Robert Thomas Sawyer, known as R. Tom Sawyer, (June 20, 1901 - January 19, 1986) was the inventor of the first successful Gas Turbine Locomotive.  He also assisted in development of the diesel locomotive while he worked for General Electric, which led him to be known as the "Father of the Diesel Locomotive".  Sawyer was the founder of what is now the modern-day "International Gas Turbine Institute" (IGTI), and among industry professionals was known as "Mr. Gas Turbine".  Sawyer authored books about Gas Turbines, Locomotives, and Atomic Power. , and was awarded three U.S. Patents.  The ASME established the "R. Tom Sawyer Award" to honor him for advancing gas turbine technology in all of its aspects for over 40 years.  The award in his name is the highest award given by the IGTI, and is awarded annually at their international "Turbo Expo." The GT 101 was a turboshaft-type gas turbine engine developed from the BMW 003 aviation engine, that was considered for installation in Nazi Germany's Panther tank.  The German Army's development division, the "Heereswaffenamt" (Army Ordnance Board), studied a number of gas turbine engines for use in tanks starting in mid-1944.  Although none of these was fitted operationally, the GT 101 (GT for "Gas Turbine") reached a production quality stage of development.  Several designs were produced over the lifetime of the program, including the GT 102 and GT 103. The Cheng cycle is a retrofit to the gas turbine cycle.  The Cheng cycle involves the heated exhaust gas from the turbine being used to make steam in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG).  The steam so produced is injected into the gas turbine's combustion chamber to increase power output.  The process can be thought of as a parallel combination of the gas turbine Brayton cycle and a steam turbine Rankine cycle.  The cycle was invented by Prof. D. Y. Cheng of the University of Santa Clara who patented it in 1976. The turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion.  The word "turbofan" is a portmanteau of "turbine" and "fan": the "turbo" portion refers to a gas turbine engine which achieves mechanical energy from combustion, and the "fan", a ducted fan that uses the mechanical energy from the gas turbine to accelerate air rearwards.  Thus, whereas all the air taken in by a turbojet passes through the turbine (through the combustion chamber), in a turbofan some of that air bypasses the turbine.  A turbofan thus can be thought of as a turbojet being used to drive a ducted fan, with both of those contributing to the thrust.  The ratio of the mass-flow of air bypassing the engine core compared to the mass-flow of air passing through the core is referred to as the bypass ratio.  The engine produces thrust through a combination of these two portions working together; engines that use more jet thrust relative to fan thrust are known as "low-bypass turbofans", conversely those that have considerably more fan thrust than jet thrust are known as "high-bypass".  Most commercial aviation jet engines in use today are of the high-bypass type, and most modern military fighter engines are low-bypass.  Afterburners are not used on high-bypass turbofan engines but may be used on either low-bypass turbofan or turbojet engines. A free-turbine turboshaft is a form of turboshaft or turboprop gas turbine engine where the power is extracted from the exhaust stream of a gas turbine by a separate turbine, downstream of the gas turbine and is not connected to the gas turbine (the exhaust airflow is what spins the turbine that is connected to the shaft hence the term "free").  This is opposed to the power being extracted from the power spool via a gear box.
Answer: Frank Whittle