Question: Speedpass is a keychain RFID device introduced in which year, by Mobil Oil Corp., for electronic payment, it was originally developed by Verifone?
Context: A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material on the card.  The magnetic stripe, sometimes called swipe card or magstripe, is read by swiping past a magnetic reading head.  Magnetic stripe cards are commonly used in credit cards, identity cards, and transportation tickets.  They may also contain an RFID tag, a transponder device and/or a microchip mostly used for business premises access control or electronic payment. The Arun gas field is a natural gas field located onshore north Sumatra, Indonesia.  It was discovered by Mobil Oil Corporation in 1971 and developed by Mobil and Pertamina.  Mobil also built and operated the Arun natural gas liquefaction plant there for export.  The field began production in 1975 and produced natural gas and condensates.  The total proven reserves of the Arun gas field were around 16 trillion cubic feet (457×10m³), and production was around 450 million cubic feet/day (12.9×10m³). Mobil 1 is a brand of synthetic motor oil and other automotive lubrication products.  Originally developed by the Mobil oil company, and is now globally marketed and sold by ExxonMobil. Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres (born 7 June 1955) is a Puerto Rican nationalist who was convicted and sentenced to life in prison for the 1977 bombing of the Mobil Oil Building in Manhattan that killed one person and injured several others.  Torres was linked by a fingerprint on a job application she filled at the Mobil building just before the bombing.  She and her husband, Carlos Torres, were members of the Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (FALN), which claimed responsibility for the Mobil Oil bombing and numerous others.  Supporters of Torres considered her a political prisoner.  She was released on April 14, 2009. Speedpass is a keychain RFID device introduced in 1997 by Mobil Oil Corp. (which merged with Exxon to become ExxonMobil in 1999) for electronic payment.  It was originally developed by Verifone.  As of 2004, more than seven million people possess Speedpass tags, which can be used at approximately 10,000 Exxon, Mobil and Esso gas stations worldwide.  At one point, Speedpass was deployed experimentally in fast-food restaurants and supermarkets in select markets.  McDonald's alone deployed Speedpass in over 400 Chicago area restaurants.  The test was deemed a failure and McDonald's removed the scanners from all their restaurants in mid-2004.  Additionally, the New England grocery chain Stop & Shop tested Speedpass at their Boston area stores; the units were removed in early 2005.  Speedpass has also been previously available through a Speedpass Car Tag and a Speedpass-enabled Timex watch. Ventra is an electronic fare payment system for the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) and Pace, which replaced the Chicago Card and the Transit Card automated fare collection systems.  Ventra (purportedly Latin for "windy," though the actual Latin word is "ventosa") launched in August 2013, with a full system transition slated for July 2014.  The payment system includes several options of payment, including a contactless smart card powered by RFID, a single day or use ticket powered by RFID, any personal bank-issued credit card or debit card that has an RFID chip, and a compatible mobile phone.  Ventra is operated by Cubic Transportation Systems. Verifone is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Jose, California that provides technology for electronic payment transactions and value-added services at the point-of-sale. Video tolling (sometimes referred to as video billing) is a form of electronic toll collection, which uses video or still images of a vehicle's license plate to identify a vehicle liable to pay a road toll.  The system dispenses with collection of road tolls using road-side cash or payment card methods, and may be used in conjunction with "all electronic" open road tolling, to allow drivers without an RFID device (often referred to as a "Tag") to use the toll road. The Texas Instruments digital signature transponder (DST) is a cryptographically enabled radio-frequency identification (RFID) device used in a variety of wireless authentication applications.  The largest deployments of the DST include the Exxon-Mobil Speedpass payment system (approximately 7 million transponders), as well as a variety of vehicle immobilizer systems used in many late model Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Toyota, and Nissan vehicles. The Magnolia Petroleum Company was an early twentieth century petroleum company in Texas founded on April 24, 1911 by the Sealy family of Galveston, as a consolidation of several earlier companies.  Standard Oil of New York (Socony) exchanged its stock for all of the Magnolia stock (except seven shares for the Directors) in December 1925 though it continued to operate as an affiliate of Socony.  Socony merged with Vacuum Oil Company in 1931, becoming Socony-Vacuum Oil Company.  Magnolia Petroleum continued to operate as a subsidiary of Socony-Vacuum.  In 1959, Magnolia was fully incorporated into the Mobil division of Socony-Vacuum, which later changed its name to Socony Mobil and, ultimately to Mobil Mobil Oil Corporation.
Answer: 1997