Question: In what year was the British historian who was arrested in 2005 for Holocaust denial in Austria born?
Context: David John Cawdell Irving (born 24 March 1938) is an English Holocaust denier and author who has written on the military and political history of World War II, with a focus on Nazi Germany.  His works include "The Destruction of Dresden" (1963), "Hitler's War" (1977), "Churchill's War" (1987), and "Goebbels: Mastermind of the Third Reich" (1996).  In his works, he argued that Hitler did not know of the extermination of Jews or, if he did, opposed it.  Though Irving's revisionist views of World War II were never taken seriously by mainstream historians, he was once recognised for his knowledge of Nazi Germany and his ability to unearth new historical documents. In 2005, the British historian David Irving was arrested for Holocaust denial in Austria.  In early 2006, he was convicted and given a sentence of three years, of which he served 13 months after a reduction of his prison sentence. Robert Jan van Pelt (born 15 August 1955) is a Dutch author, architectural historian, professor at the University of Waterloo and University of Toronto in Ontario and a Holocaust scholar.  One of the world's leading experts on Auschwitz, he regularly speaks on Holocaust related topics, through which he has come to address Holocaust denial.  He was an expert witness in Deborah Lipstadt's successful defence in the civil libel suit brought against her by David Irving. Gerald Fredrick Töben (born 2 June 1944) is a German-born Australian citizen who was director and founder of the Adelaide Institute, a Holocaust denial group in Australia.  He is the author of numerous works on education, political science, and history.  He was arrested and imprisoned for nine months in Mannheim Prison in 1998 for breaching Germany's Holocaust Law (§ 130 public incitement) prohibiting anyone from defaming the dead.  Töben wrote of his work: "If you wish to begin to doubt the Holocaust-Shoah narrative, you must be prepared for personal sacrifice, must be prepared for marriage and family break-up, loss of career, and go to prison."  In the past he had denied that he said that the Holocaust was a "lie". The Institute for Historical Review (IHR), founded in 1978, is an organization best known for publishing articles and books promoting Holocaust denial, a practice which attracted notoriety to the IHR.  It is considered by many scholars to be central to the international Holocaust denial movement.  IHR is widely regarded as antisemitic and as having links to neo-Nazi organizations.  The Institute published the "Journal of Historical Review" until 2002, but now disseminates its materials through its website and via email.  The Institute is affiliated with the Legion for the Survival of Freedom and Noontide Press. Holocaust denial is the act of denying the genocide of Jews in the Holocaust during World War II.  Holocaust denial often includes the following claims: that Nazi Germany's Final Solution was aimed only at deporting Jews from the Reich, but that it did not include the extermination of Jews; that Nazi authorities did not use extermination camps and gas chambers to mass murder Jews; or that the actual number of Jews killed was significantly lower than the historically accepted figure of 5 to 6 million, typically around a tenth of that figure. Holocaust denial, the denial of the systematic genocidal killing of 6 million Jews and people of various ethnic groups in Europe by Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s, is illegal in 16 European countries.  Many countries also have broader laws that criminalize genocide denial.  Of the countries that ban Holocaust denial, some, such as Austria, Germany, Hungary, and Romania, were among the perpetrators of the Holocaust, and many of these also ban other elements associated with Nazism, such as the expression of Nazi symbols. Harry Elmer Barnes (June 15, 1889 – August 25, 1968) was an American historian who, in his later years, was known for his historical revisionism and Holocaust denial.  Barnes taught history at Columbia University from 1918 to 1929.  Afterwards, he worked as a freelance writer and occasional adjunct professor at smaller schools.  Through his position at Columbia and his prodigious scholarly output, Barnes was once highly regarded as a historian.  However, by the end of the 1950s, he had lost credibility because of the major role he played in the inception of the Holocaust denial movement. Kenneth "Ken" McVay, OBC (born  1940), a Canadian-American dual citizen, is an Internet activist against Holocaust denial.  He is the founder of the Nizkor Project, one of the first (and largest) websites against Holocaust denial. The Belgian Holocaust denial law, passed on March 23, 1995, bans public Holocaust denial.  Specifically, the law makes it illegal to publicly "deny, play down, justify or approve of the genocide committed by the German National Socialist regime during the Second World War".  Prosecution is led by the Belgian Centre for Equal Opportunities.  The offense is punishable by imprisonment of up to one year and fines of up to 2,500 EUR.
Answer: 1938