Question: What fraudulent company was listed on both the Alberta Stock Exchange and the Toronto Stock Exchange?
Context: The Alberta Stock Exchange (ASE) was a stock exchange based in Calgary, Alberta established in 1913.  It featured mostly mining, resource exploration, and oil sands stocks.  The ASE was the original listing exchange for Bre-X, one of the biggest corporate frauds in Canadian history. Philadelphia Stock Exchange (PHLX), now known as NASDAQ OMX PHLX, is the oldest stock exchange in the United States.  It is now owned by The NASDAQ OMX Group.  Founded in 1790, the exchange was originally named the Board of Brokers of Philadelphia, also referred to as the Philadelphia Board of Brokers.  In 1875, the Board of Brokers changed its name to the Philadelphia Stock Exchange.  The exchange merged with the Baltimore Stock Exchange in 1949 and was named the Philadelphia-Baltimore Stock Exchange.  It merged with the Washington Stock Exchange in 1954, becoming known as the Philadelphia-Baltimore-Washington Stock Exchange (often abbreviated as PBW).  In 1969, the exchange acquired the Pittsburgh Stock Exchange.  In 2007, PHLX was purchased by NASDAQ for $652 million. The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) was established in 1960 as the Lagos Stock Exchange.  In 1977, its name was changed from the Lagos Stock Exchange to the Nigerian Stock Exchange.  As at March 7, 2017, it has 176 listed companies with a total market capitalization of about N8.5 trillion.  All listings are included in the Nigerian Stock Exchange All Shares index.  In terms of market capitalization, the Nigerian Stock Exchange is the third largest stock exchange in Africa. The San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange was a regional stock exchange based in San Francisco, California, United States.  Founded in 1882, in 1928 the exchange purchased and began using the name San Francisco Stock Exchange, while the old San Francisco Stock Exchange was renamed the San Francisco Mining Exchange.  The San Francisco Curb Exchange was absorbed by the San Francisco Stock Exchange in 1938.  In 1956 the San Francisco Stock Exchange merged with the Los Angeles Oil Exchange to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange. The Karachi Stock Exchange Limited (KSE), was a stock exchange located at the Stock Exchange Building (SEB) on Stock Exchange Road, in the heart of Karachi's Business District, I. I. Chundrigar Road, Karachi, Sindh Province of Pakistan.  It is now incorporated in the Pakistan Stock Exchange along with the other two bourses of Pakistan, the Lahore Stock Exchange and the Islamabad Stock Exchange It is Pakistan's largest and one of the oldest stock exchange in South Asia by market capitalization, with many Pakistani consortium as well as overseas enterprises listings. The New Securities Stock Exchange or NEX Stock Exchange (NEX) was a stock exchange located in Podgorica, Montenegro.  The NEX Stock Exchange was founded 2001.  It was one of two principal stock exchanges in Montenegro, the other being the Montenegro Stock Exchange, also in Podgorica.  In January 2010, stockholders in NEX approved a merger with the Montenegro Stock Exchange, initially expected to take place within two to three months.  However, the two were technically merged as of 31 December 2010, with their systems jointly operating since 10 January 2011.  Thus, NEX Stock Exchange ceased to exist as a legal subject.  The merger consolidated and simplified securities trading in Montenegro. Nasdaq, Inc. is an American multinational financial services corporation that owns and operates (and is listed on) the NASDAQ (formerly National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) stock market and eight European stock exchanges, namely Armenian Stock Exchange, Copenhagen Stock Exchange, Helsinki Stock Exchange, Iceland Stock Exchange, Riga Stock Exchange, Stockholm Stock Exchange, Tallinn Stock Exchange, and NASDAQ OMX Vilnius.  It is headquartered in New York City, and its president and chief executive officer is Adena Friedman. Bre-X was a group of companies in Canada.  Bre-X Minerals Ltd., a major part of Bre-X based in Calgary, was involved in a major gold mining scandal when it reported it was sitting on an enormous gold deposit at Busang, Indonesia (in Borneo).  Bre-X bought the Busang site in March 1993 and in October 1995 announced significant amounts of gold had been discovered, sending its stock price soaring.  Originally a penny stock, its stock price reached a peak at CAD $286.50 (split adjusted) in May 1996 on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSE), with a total capitalization of over CAD $6 billion.  Bre-X Minerals collapsed in 1997 after the gold samples were found to be a fraud. CATS (Computer Assisted Trading System) was an automated exchange system developed by the Toronto Stock Exchange.  It went live on November 18, 1977, with 90 stocks.  CATS was introduced, piloted and developed by Harold B. Hofmann, then the Vice President of Operations at the Toronto Stock Exchange.  CATS was one of the first technologies allowing for a full automation of the price-setting process in a stock exchange.  This technology was implemented in several other stock exchanges in the 1980s.  In some cases, it was used as an assistance to open-outcry, but in others it allowed for a full dismantlement of the open-outcry institution.  The Paris Bourse purchased this system in the early 1980s and implemented it as CAC (Cotation Assistée en Continu). Toronto Stock Exchange (often abbreviated as TSX) is one of the world's largest stock exchanges.  It is the ninth largest exchange in the world by market capitalization.  Based in Toronto, it is owned by and operated as a subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities.  A broad range of businesses from Canada and abroad are represented on the exchange.  In addition to conventional securities, the exchange lists various exchange-traded funds, split share corporations, income trusts and investment funds.  More mining and oil and gas companies are listed on Toronto Stock Exchange than any other stock exchange.
Answer: Bre-X