Question: What Chief Justice served during the Supreme Court decision for the case cited as 17 U.S. 316?
Context: The Jay Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1789 to 1795, when John Jay served as the first Chief Justice of the United States.  Jay served as Chief Justice until his resignation, at which point John Rutledge took office as a recess appointment.  The Supreme Court was established in Article III of the United States Constitution, but the workings of the federal court system were largely laid out by the Judiciary Act of 1789, which set the size of the Supreme Court at six seats.  The court had its first public session in February 1790, but did not decide its first case until 1791.  The court met first in New York City, but moved with the rest of the federal government to Philadelphia in 1791.  In addition to their duties as a court, each justice spent much of his time riding circuit outside of the capital.  The court decided relatively few cases, and perhaps the most important legacy of the court was its refusal to issue an advisory opinion sought by President George Washington, establishing a precedent that the court only hears cases and controversies.  The relative unimportance of the Supreme Court at this time is perhaps best exemplified by the fact that Jay, the sitting Chief Justice, traveled to the United Kingdom in 1794 to negotiate the Jay Treaty for the Washington Administration. Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. ( ; March 8, 1841 – March 6, 1935) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932, and as Acting Chief Justice of the United States from January–February 1930.  Noted for his long service, his concise and pithy opinions and his deference to the decisions of elected legislatures, he is one of the most widely cited United States Supreme Court justices in history, particularly for his "clear and present danger" opinion for a unanimous Court in the 1919 case of "Schenck v. United States", and is one of the most influential American common law judges, honored during his lifetime in Great Britain as well as the United States.  Holmes retired from the Court at the age of 90 years, making him the oldest Justice in the Supreme Court's history.  He also served as an Associate Justice and as Chief Justice on the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, and was Weld Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, of which he was an alumnus. The Chief Justice of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের প্রধান বিচারপতি — "Bānglādēśhēr Prodhān Bichārpoti" ) is the chief amongst the judges of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh, and also head of the whole judicial establishments, including subordinate courts.  The Chief Justice is appointed by The President of Bangladesh, who sits in the Appellate Division with other judges to hear and decide cases.  Chief Justice presides over full court meetings to transact business relating to the administration of the Supreme Court, and control discipline of the judges and magistrates of the subordinate courts.  Most rules for regulating the practice and procedure of both the Appellate and High Court Divisions of the Supreme Court (including subordinate courts) including those specified in certain legislative acts, such as the Companies Act 1994 and the Banking Companies Act 1991, are also duly scrutinized and approved in full court meetings presided over by the Chief Justice.  He also distributes judicial business of the High Court Division by constituting different benches to exercise its original, appellate and revisable jurisdictions. The Rehnquist Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1986 to 2005, when William Rehnquist served as Chief Justice of the United States.  Rehnquist succeeded Warren Burger as Chief Justice after the latter's retirement, and Rehnquist served as Chief Justice until his death in 2005, at which point John Roberts was nominated and confirmed as Rehnquist's replacement.  The Rehnquist Court is generally considered to be more conservative than the preceding Burger Court and Warren Court.  According to Jeffrey Rosen, Rehnquist combined an amiable nature with great organizational skill, and he "led a Court that put the brakes on some of the excesses of the Earl Warren era while keeping pace with the sentiments of a majority of the country."  Biographer John Jenkins argued that Rehnquist politicized the Supreme Court and moved the court and the country to the right.  Through its rulings, the Rehnquist Court often promoted a policy of New Federalism in which more power was given to the states at the expense of the federal government.  The Rehnquist Court was also notable for its stability, as the same nine justices served together from 1994 to 2005, the longest such stretch in Supreme Court history. Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal (born 15 January 1946 in India Bhuj) is a Kenyan-Asian lawyer and the former Deputy Chief Justice and Vice President of the Supreme Court of Kenya.  She was sworn in on June 3, 2013 as the Deputy Chief Justice of Kenya in a ceremony presided over by the President of Kenya and the Chief Justice.  After a protracted case on the question of the retirement age of Judges who were appointed under the old Constitution of Kenya, the Supreme Court delivered a Ruling which effectively set the retirement age at 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. The basis of the Bahamian Law and legal system lies within the English Common Law tradition.  Justices of the Supreme Court, Registrars and Magistrates are all appointed by The Governor-General acting on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, which is composed of five individuals who are headed by the Chief Justice as their chairman.  The Chief Justice and the Justices of the Court of Appeal, including the President, are appointed by the Governor-General on the recommendation of the Prime Minister after consultation with the Leader of the Opposition.  Once appointed, the salaries and other terms of appointment of the Chief Justice, Justices of Appeal and Justices of the Supreme Court cannot be altered to their disadvantage.  Justices of the Supreme Court can serve until the age of 65 years and, where agreed among the judge, the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition, may serve until the age of 67.  Justices of Appeal can serve until the age of 68 years and, where agreed among the judge, the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition, may serve until the age of 70 years.  The law of The Bahamas makes provisions for the appointment of 12 Justices to the Bench of the Supreme Court, inclusive of the Chief Justice, and for five Justices of the Court of Appeal, inclusive of the President.  The Chief Justice, as Head of the Judiciary, is an ex officio member of the Court of Appeal, but only sits at the invitation of the President. The John Marshall House is a historic house museum and National Historic Landmark at 818 East Marshall Street in Richmond, Virginia.  It was the home of Chief Justice of the United States John Marshall, who was appointed to the court in 1801 by President John Adams and served for the rest of his life, writing such influential decisions as "Marbury v. Madison" (1803) and "McCulloch v. Maryland" (1819). The Supreme Court is composed of the Chief Justice, twenty Justices.  The Chief Justice is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Constitutional Council.  S/he is appointed from among the justices having at least three years as a Supreme Court justice.  Justices of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of Nepal on the recommendation of the Judicial Council.  The Chief Justice and the justices of the Supreme Court have to be confirmed by the Parliamentary Hearing Committee before they can be appointed by the President.  The administrative head of the Supreme Court is the Chief Registrar.  In addition to the Chief Registrar, one Registrar and four Joint-Registrar are appointed to led different departments of the Supreme Court and offer administrative assistance to the Court.  Officers of the Supreme Court are appointed by Government of Nepal under the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission. McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316 (1819) , was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States.  The state of Maryland had attempted to impede operation of a branch of the Second Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland.  Though the law, by its language, was generally applicable to all banks not chartered in Maryland, the Second Bank of the United States was the only out-of-state bank then existing in Maryland, and the law was recognized in the court's opinion as having specifically targeted the Bank of the United States.  The Court invoked the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution, which allowed the Federal government to pass laws not expressly provided for in the Constitution's list of express powers, provided those laws are in useful furtherance of the express powers of Congress under the Constitution. United States v. Masonite Corp., 316 U.S. 265 (1942), is a United States Supreme Court decision that limited the scope of the 1926 Supreme Court decision in the "General Electric" case that had exempted patent licensing agreements from antitrust law's prohibition of price fixing.  The Court did so by applying the doctrine of the Court's recent "Interstate Circuit" hub-and-spoke conspiracy decision.
Answer: John Marshall House