Question: Who first proposed the physics theory, known to have been later independently proposed in a more complete paper by the current tenured professor at the University of Amsterdam, and director and Leon Levy professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton?
Context: Matthijs Eduard Willem van den Bos (born 19 April 1969, Haarlem) is a scholar of Iranian and Shi'i Studies.  He teaches in the Department of Politics at Birkbeck College of the University of London.  Professor van den Bos has been a Visitor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ, a fellow of the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies at the University of Amsterdam, and a fellow at the International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World (ISIM) in Leiden.  Before joining the University of London, van den Bos taught at the Universities of Utrecht and Amsterdam. Steven K. Libutti, M.D., F.A.C.S. (born April 18, 1964) is an American surgeon and scientist.  In January 2017, he became the third permanent Director of the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Vice Chancellor for Cancer Programs for Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences and the Senior Vice President for Oncology Services for RWJBarnabas Health, the largest health system in New Jersey.  He is a tenured Professor of Surgery at the Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.  Libutti's work on the study of tumor angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment has led to novel approaches for the treatment of cancer.  He is also one of the pioneers of regional and targeted cancer therapy.  He was the founding Director of the Montefiore-Einstein Center for Cancer Care, and served as the Associate Director of the Albert Einstein Cancer Center and Vice-Chairman of the Department of Surgery at Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine from 2009-2017.  Libutti was a tenured Professor of Surgery and Genetics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, New York and a Professor of Surgery at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland.  In September, 2009, Libutti was invested as "The Marvin L. Gliedman, M.D. Distinguished Surgeon" in the Department of Surgery at Montefiore Medical Center.  Libutti is the Editor-in-Chief of the Springer Nature journal, Cancer Gene Therapy. The Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University (CASTU; ) is a research institute established in Beijing in 1997.  Modelled after the Princeton-based Institute for Advanced Study, albeit in a university setting, it is engaged in theoretical studies in physics, computer science and biology.  Its honorary director is the Nobel Laureate professor Chen Ning Yang, who has provided guidance and support to CASTU since its inception, and current director is professor Gu Binglin. Deborah Frances Tannen (born June 7, 1945) is an American academic and professor of linguistics at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. She has been McGraw Distinguished Lecturer at Princeton University and was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences following a term in residence at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ. In physics, matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework.  Type IIA string theory can be shown to be equivalent to a maximally supersymmetric two-dimensional gauge theory, the gauge group of which is U("N") for a large value of "N".  This matrix string theory was first proposed by Luboš Motl in 1997 and later independently in a more complete paper by Robbert Dijkgraaf, Erik Verlinde, and Herman Verlinde.  Another matrix string theory equivalent to Type IIB string theory was constructed in 1996 by Ishibashi, Kawai, Kitazawa and Tsuchiya.  This version is known as the IKKT matrix model. Andrzej Jerzy Buras (born 26 October 1946 in Warsaw, Poland) is a theoretical physicist, professor emeritus at the Technical University Munich (TUM).  He received his master's degree in theoretical physics at the Warsaw University in 1971, and emigrated to Denmark in the same year.  One year later, he received his PhD at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen.  He then worked as a post-doctoral fellow at the Niels Bohr Institute until 1975.  After a fellowship in the CERN theory group from 1975-1977 he was first a visitor and then a staff member in the Fermilab theory group from 1977 till 1982.  He then became staff member of the Max Planck Institute for Physics in Munich (1982-1988).  In 1988 finally he was appointed full professor in the Physics Department of the TUM.  After his retirement in 2012 he moved to the TUM Institute for Advanced Study where he is leading the focus group 'Fundamental Physics'. Robertus Henricus "Robbert" Dijkgraaf ( [        ]; born 24 January 1960) is a Dutch mathematical physicist and string theorist.  He is tenured professor at the University of Amsterdam, and director and Leon Levy professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Stefan Dercon is the current chief economist of the UK Department for International Development (DfID).  He is a Development Economist who has, since 2015, been Professor of Economic Policy at the Oxford University (at the Blavatnik School of Government and the Economics Department] and a Professorial Fellow of Jesus College.  He is also the Director of the Centre for Study of African Economies at Oxford University.  Previously he was Professor of Development Economics at Oxford University.  Between 2000 and 2002 he was Programme Director at the World Institute of Development Economics (WIDER), United Nations University where he led their research programme on “Insurance against Poverty”.  Prior to this between 1993 and 2000 he was a Tenured Professor of Development Economics at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.  Until he joined DFID, he was also the Lead Academic for the Ethiopia country programme at the International Growth Centre, which is a research centre based jointly at The London School of Economics and Political Science and the University of Oxford. Raúl Rabadán is an Associate Professor in the Department of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University.  He is the director of the Center for Topology of Cancer Evolution and Heterogeneity.  From 2001 to 2003, Dr. Rabadán was a fellow at the Theoretical Physics Division at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, in Geneva, Switzerland.  In 2003 he joined the Physics Group of the School of Natural Sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study.  During 2006-2008, Dr. Rabadán was the Martin A. and Helen Chooljian Member at The Simons Center for Systems Biology at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.  He has been named one of Popular Science's Brilliant 10 (2010), a Stewart Trust Fellow (2013), and he received the Harold and Golden Lamport Award at Columbia University (2014).  At Columbia, he has put together a highly interdisciplinary lab with researchers from the fields of mathematics, physics, computer science, engineering, and medicine, with the common goal of solving pressing biomedical problems through quantitative computational models.  Dr. Rabadán’s current interest focuses on uncovering patterns of evolution in biological systems—in particular, RNA viruses and cancer. Frederick Charles Inglis (born 17 May 1937) is Emeritus Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Sheffield in the UK.  Previously Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Warwick, he has been a member of the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, Fellow-in-Residence at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study, and Visiting Fellow Humanities Research Centre, Australian National University, Canberra.
Answer: Luboš Motl