Question: In what year was the cultural theorist who described Raphael Samuel as "one of the most outstanding, original intellectuals of his generation" born?
Context: Darko Lukić (born September 8, 1962) is a Croatian theatre scholar, writer, cultural theorist and playwright.  Lukić also publishes scientific papers and participates in international conferences and seminars and translates from English and Spanish language.  He is the member of Programme Board of Maribor 2012, European Capital of Culture 2012.  He was a member of the European jury of theatrologists for “Premio Europa per il teatro” award (2009), member of the jury for “Marko Fotez” theatre award of HAZU (Croatian Academy of Science and Arts (2008), president of the Board of Gavella Theatre (2007-2011), editor in Hrvatsko glumište (Croatian Theatre) magazine HDDU (2007-2009), artistic advisor of HAVC, Hrvatski audiovizualni centar (Croatian Audiovisual Centre) (2008-2011), artistic advisor of Ministry of Culture - Ministarstvo kulture RH and HRT (Croatian Radio – Television) for film (2006-2008), member of the Cultural Council for Performing Arts of Croatian Ministry of Culture (2001- 2004), president of the Theatre Committee of the City of Zagreb (2002-2004), member of the Council for International Cultural Cooperation of the City of Zagreb (2005-2007), and President of the Cultural Council for International Cooperation Ministry of Culture - Ministarstvo kulture RH (2013-2016), and member of Croatian centre of PEN International. The Partisan was a radical venue of the New Left, at 7 Carlisle Street in the Soho district of London, now utilised as office space.  It was established by historian Raphael Samuel in 1958 in the aftermath of the Suez Crisis and the Soviet invasion of Hungary.  It closed in 1962, victim of a "business model" that was hospitable to the penniless intellectuals who patronised it, but wholly unrealistic. Ivan (Ivica) Djeparoski(born 1958 in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia) is a philosopher, cultural theorist, poet and translator.  He graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje where he received his M.A. and Ph.D.  He is an author of fourteen books in the field of aesthetics and cultural theory, five poetry books and also of two poetry anthologies, for which he was awarded the "Mlad Borec Prize" (1984), "Dimitar Mitrev Prize" (1993) and “Paradigm Prize” (2009).  He works at the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje as a professor of "Aesthetics", "History of Aesthetics" and "Cultural Theories".  He is/was Head of the Institute of Philosophy (2004-2009; 2013-), Head of postgraduate studies of the Institute of philosophy (2010-2013) and secretary of Macedonian P.E.N. Centre.  (1999-2001; 2009-2014).  He also translates (William Blake, Joseph Brodsky, James Joyce, David Hume, Edmund Burke).  He was granted the "Grigor Prlicev Award" (1993) for a poetic rendition.  His poetry and some of his essays are translated into several languages. Stuart McPhail Hall, FBA (3 February 1932 – 10 February 2014) was a Jamaican-born cultural theorist, political activist and sociologist who lived and worked in the United Kingdom from 1951.  Hall, along with Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams, was one of the founding figures of the school of thought that is now known as British Cultural Studies or The Birmingham School of Cultural Studies. The Stuart Hall Project is a 2013 British film written and directed by John Akomfrah centred on cultural theorist Stuart Hall, who is regarded as one of the founding figures of the New Left and a key architect of Cultural Studies in Britain.  The film uses a montage of documentary footage together with Hall's own words and thoughts to produce what Peter Bradshaw of "The Guardian" called "an absorbing account", awarding it four stars and stating that it has "an idealism and high seriousness that people might not immediately associate with the subject Hall pioneered". " Sight & Sound" magazine's Ashley Clark described it as "a strongly personal work" that "unfolds simultaneously as a tribute to a heroic figure, a study of the emergence of the New Left and its attendant political ideas, and a summation, in thematic and technical terms, of the key characteristics of Akomfrah’s body of work thus far (intertextuality, archival manipulation, a focus on postcolonial and diasporic discourse in Britain)." Pathosformel or "pathos formula" (German plural: "pathosformeln") is a term coined by the German art historian and cultural theorist Aby Warburg (1866–1929) in his research on the afterlife of antiquity ("das Nachleben der Antike").  It is described as "the primitive words of passionate gesture language" and the "emotionally charged visual trope[s] that recur throughout images in Western Europe.  While the term is associated with formalism, Warburg restricts the concept to cultural-psychological themes, as he held "an honest disgust of aestheticizing art history."  Despite its name, pathosformel does not provide a calculable formula to identify visual links among images.  Instead, it calls on collective and individual imagination to find such links apart from those based on age, type, size, or origin.  In historian Kurt Forster's words, "it exerts its control over existing figurations in a way that endows them with new, 'sign-giving' qualities."  The art historian Ernst Gombrich, described pathosformel as "the primeval reaction of man to the universal hardships of his existence [that] underlies all his attempts at mental orientation." Raphael Elkan Samuel (26 December 19349 December 1996) was a British Marxist historian, described by Stuart Hall as "one of the most outstanding, original intellectuals of his generation".  He was professor of history at the University of East London at the time of his death and also taught at Ruskin College from 1962 until his death. Alison Light (born 4 August 1955) is a writer, critic and independent scholar.  She has held a number of academic posts and is currently Honorary Professor in the Department of English, University College,London and an Honorary Professorial Fellow in the Department of English, Edinburgh University.  She is also a (non-stipendiary) Research Fellow at the Oxford Centre for Research in the Humanities and a Senior Associate of Pembroke College, Oxford.  She is a founding member of the Raphael Samuel Archive and History Centre in London. Jennifer Camille Dempsey EdD (born March 3, 1973) is an American cultural theorist, educator, educational technologist and media strategist.  Her major interest is in exploring how the transition from literacy to virtuality is influencing culture and changing human consciousness.  Her research created a theory for virtuality culture through a theoretical expansion of Walter Ong's literacy and orality culture model.  Dempsey's work investigates the ubiquitous and multimodal nature of the virtuality cultural phenomenon that is mediated by contemporary technology and not explained by pre-existing cultural conventions.  Through examining the theoretical underpinnings of orality and literacy culture, her dissertation explores the cultural shift that is just beginning to restructure human consciousness through the ways that society is connecting, exploring and communicating. Charles Alexander Jencks (born June 21, 1939) is a cultural theorist, landscape designer, architectural historian, and co-founder of the Maggie’s Cancer Care Centres.  He has published over thirty books and became famous in the 1980s as theorist of Postmodernism.  In recent years Jencks has devoted time to landform architecture, especially in Scotland.  These landscapes include "The Garden of Cosmic Speculation" and "Jupiter Artland" outside Edinburgh.  His continuing project "The Crawick Multiverse", commissioned by the Duke of Buccleuch, opened in 2015 near Sanquhar in Scotland.
Answer: 1932