Question: Rupert Brooke and Clarice Lispector both were affected by what?
Context: Benedito Nunes (November 21, 1929 - February 27, 2011) was a Brazilian philosopher and literary critic.  He was born Benedito José Viana da Costa Nunes in Belém, a major city in the north of Brazil, where he was a professor at the Federal University of Pará.  He has also lectured at other universities in the south of Brazil, France and the United States.  In 1987, he was awarded the Prêmio Jabuti, regarded as the most prestigious literary prize in Brazil.  He was awarded again with the same prize in 2010, for the literary critic "A Clave do Poético".  He was one of the most respected authorities in contemporary Brazilian culture, and a specialist in the literary work of Brazilian modernists such as Clarice Lispector.  Benedito Nunes died in his hometown Belém on February 27, 2011. Smother is the third studio album by British indie rock/dream pop band Wild Beasts released on 9 May 2011 by Domino Records.  It reached #17 in the UK Albums Chart.  According to the band, it represents a more synthesiser-based sound than previous efforts, influenced by "moving to Dalston", Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector, minimalist composer Steve Reich, noise pop duo Fuck Buttons, and Mary Shelley's book, "Frankenstein". Family Ties ("Laços de família" in Portuguese) is a 1960 short story collection by the Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector. Rupert Chawner Brooke (middle name sometimes given as "Chaucer"; 3 August 1887 – 23 April 1915) was an English poet known for his idealistic war sonnets written during the First World War, especially "The Soldier".  He was also known for his boyish good looks, which were said to have prompted the Irish poet W. B. Yeats to describe him as "the handsomest young man in England". Júlia Valentina de Silveira Lopes de Almeida (Sep 24, 1862 – May 30, 1934) was one of the first Brazilian women to earn acclaim and social acceptance as a writer.  In a career that spanned five decades, she wrote in a variety of literary genres; however, it is her fiction, written under the influence of the naturalists Émile Zola and Guy de Maupassant, that has captured the attention of recent critics.  Her notable novels include "Memórias de Marta" ("Marta's Memoirs"), the first Brazilian novel to take place in an urban tenement, "A Família Medeiros" ("The Medeiros Family"), and "A Falência" ("The Bankruptcy").  Immensely influential and appreciated by peers like Aluísio Azevedo, João do Rio and João Luso, she is remembered as an early advocate of modernized gender roles and increased women's rights, as a precursor to later women writers like Clarice Lispector, and for her support of abolition.  She was married to the poet Filinto de Almeida. Near to the Wild Heart ("Perto do coração selvagem") is Clarice Lispector's first novel, written from March to November 1942 and published around her twenty-third birthday in December 1943.  The novel, written in a stream-of-consciousness style reminiscent of the English-language Modernists, centers on the childhood and early adulthood of a character named Joana, who bears strong resemblance to her author: ""Madame Bovary, c'est moi"", Lispector said, quoting Flaubert, when asked about the similarities.  The book, particularly its revolutionary language, brought its young, unknown creator to great prominence in Brazilian letters and earned her the prestigious Graça Aranha Prize. Luiz Fernando Carvalho (born in 1960 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian filmmaker and television director, known for works closely linked to literature that constitute a renovation in Brazilian audiovisual aesthetics.  He has already brought to the screen works by Ariano Suassuna, Raduan Nassar, Machado de Assis, Eça de Queirós, Roland Barthes, Clarice Lispector, Milton Hatoum, José Lins do Rego and Graciliano Ramos, among others. Clarice Lispector (December 10, 1920December 9, 1977) was a Brazilian writer acclaimed internationally for her innovative novels and short stories.  Born to a Jewish family in Podolia in Western Ukraine, she was brought to Brazil as an infant, amidst the disasters engulfing her native land following the First World War. The Passion According to G.H. ("A paixão segundo G.H.") is a mystical novel by Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector, published in 1964.  The work takes the form of a monologue by a woman, identified only as G.H., telling of the crisis that ensued the previous day after she crushed a cockroach in the door of a wardrobe.  Its canonical status was recognized in 1988 by its inclusion in the Arquivos Collection, the UNESCO series of critical editions of the greatest works of Latin American literature.  It has been translated into English twice, the first time in 1988 by Ronald W. Sousa, and then by Idra Novey in 2012. A Breath of Life is the last novel by Brazilian author Clarice Lispector.  It was published posthumously in Brazil in the late 1970s.  The book takes the form of dialogue between a male "Author" and his female creation, Angela Pralini (a character who shares a name with a character who appears in Lispector's Where Were You at Night).  The god-like author infuses the so-called breath of life into his creation who speaks, breathes, lives and dies at his behest.  The author loves yet wants to destroy Angela even though he can not ultimately separate her from himself.
Answer: the First World War