Question: Clotel; or, The President's Daughter is an 1853 novel by United States author and playwright who was a prominent African-American abolitionist lecturer, novelist, playwright, and historian, about Clotel and her sister, fictional slave daughters of Thomas Jefferson,?
Context: William C. Goodridge (1806–1873) was a prominent biracial businessman in York, Pennsylvania in the mid 1800s.  He was an African-American abolitionist and a conductor on the Underground Railroad.  Born a slave, Goodridge and his wife, Evalina Wallace Goodridge, started with a barbershop in 1827 and built a significant estate through diverse investments and enterprises, all of which they put at risk as stationmasters in the Underground Railroad.  Among those whose freedom Goodridge helped secure and retain, were the farmers and one fugitive slave involved in the Christiana Resistance of 1851, where black and white abolitionists killed a Southern slaveholder who was pursuing his property in Christiana, Pennsylvania according to rights granted to him by the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.  Goodridge also conducted Osborne Perry Anderson, first lieutenant of John Brown, in his escape to Canada following the failed 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry.  Both the Christiana Resistance and the raid on Harpers Ferry were significant events leading up to the Civil War. Eston Hemings Jefferson (May 21, 1808 – January 3, 1856) was born a slave at Monticello, the youngest son of Sally Hemings, a mixed-race slave.  Most historians who have considered the question believe that his father was Thomas Jefferson, the United States president.  Evidence from a 1998 DNA test showed that a descendant of Eston matched the Jefferson male line, and historical evidence also supports the conclusion that Thomas Jefferson was probably Eston's father.  Many historians believe that Jefferson had a relationship with Sally Hemings and fathered her six children, four of whom survived to adulthood. William Wells Brown (circa 1814 – November 6, 1884) was a prominent African-American abolitionist lecturer, novelist, playwright, and historian in the United States.  Born into slavery in Montgomery County, Kentucky, near the town of Mount Sterling, Brown escaped to Ohio in 1834 at the age of 20.  He settled in Boston, Massachusetts, where he worked for abolitionist causes and became a prolific writer.  While working for abolition, Brown also supported causes including: temperance, women's suffrage, pacifism, prison reform, and an anti-tobacco movement.  His novel "Clotel" (1853), considered the first novel written by an African American, was published in London, England, where he resided at the time; it was later published in the United States. Clotel; or, The President's Daughter is an 1853 novel by United States author and playwright William Wells Brown about Clotel and her sister, fictional slave daughters of Thomas Jefferson.  Brown, who escaped from slavery in 1834 at the age of 20, published the book in London.  He was staying after a lecture tour to evade possible recapture due to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act.  Set in the early nineteenth century, it is considered the first novel published by an African American and is set in the United States.  Three additional versions were published through 1867. Charles Bennett Ray (December 25, 1807 – August 15, 1886) was a prominent African-American abolitionist, the owner and editor of the weekly newspaper "The Colored American", and a notable journalist and clergyman. The Frances Ellen Watkins Harper House is a historic row house at 1006 Bainbridge Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.  Of uncertain construction date, it was the home of Frances Harper (1825-1911) from 1870 until her death.  Harper was a prominent African-American abolitionist, women's rights and civil rights activist, and author.  It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson is a multi-volume scholarly edition devoted to the publication of the public and private papers of Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States.  The project, established at Princeton University, is the definitive edition of documents written by or to Jefferson.  Work on the series began in 1944 and was undertaken solely at Princeton until 1998, when responsibility for editing documents from Jefferson’s post-presidential retirement years, 1809 until 1826, shifted to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello.  This enabled work to progress simultaneously on two different periods of Jefferson’s life and thereby doubled the production of volumes without compromising the high standards set for the project. The Haitian Revolution provoked mixed reactions in the United States.  In June 1793 when the Haitian people, led by Toussaint Louverture, overthrew the French colonial rule and declared themselves an independent colony, it made the neighboring United States uneasy.  The slaves in Saint-Domingue’s were able to observe the growing disunity among the white colonists and themselves.  They realized that they would need to seek an opportunity to stop the tyranny that was being placed upon them, thus they took a stand and revolted.  The Haitian Revolution of 1804 impacted the United States of America, led by Thomas Jefferson, instilling fear of racial instability in the US, and the possible problematic effect the revolution could have on the early foreign relations and trade between the US and the new independent Haiti.  Thomas Jefferson realized that the Haitian Revolution had the potential to cause an upheaval against slavery in the US not only by the slaves themselves, but by white abolitionists as well.  Southern slaveholders feared that the revolt might spread from the island of Hispaniola to the slave plantations of the Southern United States.  The primary goal of the US was to maintain social order in the country, so the United States attempted to suppress the Haitian Revolution.  The US even went as far as to refuse acknowledgement of Haitian independence until 1862, which was during the heat of the North American civil war; coincidentally the main causal factor for the war between the states was slavery.  The second major impact that the Haitian Revolution had on the United States was on early foreign relations and trade that had been conducted with Haiti.  The United States had conducted trade and commerce with the Haitian island under French rule during the eighteenth century.  Haiti was the main producer of the United States supply of sugar and coffee, and once the Haitian slave population had broken from slavery, the US was reluctant to continue trade with them in fear that they would upset the French and the Southern slaveholders.  American merchants conducted a substantial trade with the plantations on Hispaniola (aka the French colony of Saint Domingue or Haiti).  But there were anti-slavery advocates in northern cities who believed that consistency with the principles of the American Revolution — life, liberty and equality for all—demanded that the U.S. support the slave insurgents.  An extremely beneficial aspect and real estate triumph that resulted from the Haitian Revolution and impacted the United States was the Louisiana Purchase.  Once Napoleon had lost his control of the land holding in the Caribbean to the Haitian rebellion, he felt that the French territory in the southern part of the United States was useless to the French Empire.  The US was only interested in the New Orleans area; however, the revolution enabled the sale of the entire territory west of the Mississippi River for around $15 million.  This purchase more than doubled the United States’ territory. Rev. Thomas H. Jones (1806-?)  was born a slave in Wilmington, NC and was a prominent African-American abolitionist in antebellum America.  Jones escaped slavery, traveled to Canada and subsequently relocated to Worcester, MA.  Following years of working as an itinerant preacher and lecturer, Jones began a prominent figure within the Colored Conventions Movement.  He served as a delegate to the 1859 New England Colored Convention.  His narrative, "Experience and Personal Narrative of Uncle Tom Jones; Who Was for Forty Years a Slave.  Also the Surprising Adventures of Wild Tom, of the Island Retreat, a Fugitive Negro from South Carolina", captures his early life as an enslaved person and his subsequent escape to slavery. The Jefferson–Hemings controversy is a historical debate over whether a sexual relationship between U.S. President Thomas Jefferson and his slave, Sally Hemings resulted in his fathering some or all of her six recorded children.  For more than 150 years, most historians denied rumors from Jefferson's presidency that he had a slave concubine.  Based on his grandson's report, they said that one of his nephews had been the father of Hemings' children.  Before changing his mind following the results of DNA analysis in 1998, Jefferson biographer Joseph J. Ellis had said, "The alleged liaison between Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings may be described as the longest-running miniseries in American history."
Answer: William Wells Brown