Question: Which British fortification was a post of passage during a war launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes, primarily from the Great Lakes region?
Context: The Battle of Fallen Timbers (August 20, 1794) was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between Native American tribes affiliated with the Western Confederacy, including support from the British led by Captain Alexander McKillop, against the United States for control of the Northwest Territory (an area north of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi River, and southwest of the Great Lakes).  This land had been ceded to the United States in accordance with the Treaty of Paris (1783), but the Native Americans (who had not been party to the treaty) refused to comply with the treaty and relinquish control.  British army bases were maintained there to support their Native allies.  This ultimately led to the American offensive and subsequent British-Indian withdrawal from the territory altogether following the Treaty of Greenville.  The battle, which was a decisive victory for the United States, ended major hostilities in the region until Tecumseh's War and the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. The Northwest Indian War (1785–1795), also known as the Ohio War, Little Turtle's War, and by other names, was a war between the United States and a confederation of numerous Native American tribes, with support from the British, for control of the Northwest Territory.  It followed centuries of conflict over this territory, first among Native American tribes, and then with the added shifting alliances among the tribes and the European powers of France and Great Britain, and their colonials. The Great Lakes (French: "les Grands-Lacs" ), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.  Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron (or Michigan–Huron), Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume.  The total surface is 94250 sqmi , and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5439 cumi .  Due to their sea-like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as "inland seas".  Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.  The southern half of the Great Lakes is bordered by the Great Lakes Megalopolis. The Treaty of Saginaw, also known as the Treaty with the Chippewa, was made between Gen. Lewis Cass and Chief Mash Kee Yosh, Chief John Okemos, Chief Wasso and other Native American tribes of the Great Lakes region (principally the Ojibwe, but also the Ottawa and Potawatomi) in what is now the United States, on September 24, 1819, proclaimed by the President of the United States on March 25, 1820, and placed in law as 7 Stat.  203 . Fort Winnebago was a 19th-century fortification of the United States Army located on a hill overlooking the eastern end of the portage between the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers east of present-day Portage, Wisconsin.  It was the middle one of three fortifications along the Fox-Wisconsin Waterway that also included Fort Howard in Green Bay, Wisconsin and Fort Crawford in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin.  Fort Winnebago was constructed in 1828 as part of an effort to maintain peace between white settlers and the region's Native American tribes following the Winnebago War of 1827.  The fort's location was chosen not only because of its proximity to the site of Red Bird's surrender in the Winnebago War, but also because of the strategic importance of the portage on the Fox-Wisconsin Waterway, a heavily traveled connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River.  Fort Winnebago's location near the portage allowed it to regulate transportation between the lakes and the Mississippi. Fort Ligonier is a British fortification from the French and Indian War located in Ligonier, Pennsylvania, United States.  The fort served as a staging area for the Forbes Expedition of 1758.  During the eight years of its existence as a garrison, Fort Ligonier was never taken by an enemy.  It served as a post of passage to the new Fort Pitt, and during Pontiac's War of 1763, was a vital link in the British communication and supply lines.  It was attacked twice and besieged by the Native Americans, prior to the decisive victory at Bushy Run in August of that year.  The fort was decommissioned from active service in 1766.  Today, there is a museum next to the reconstructed fort.  Inside the museum there are artifacts from the battle.  An individual can take a guided tour of the fort, and on Fort Ligonier Days, the fort's cannons are fired. The Indian barrier state or buffer state was a British proposal to establish a Native American state in the portion of the Great Lakes region of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains, and bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and the Great Lakes.  The concept of establishing such a state, first conceived in the late 1750s, was part of a long-term plan to reconcile the Indian tribes to British rule and diminish hostilities between the tribes and the British Army following its victory in the French and Indian War.  After the region was assigned to the United States in the 1783 treaty ending the American Revolutionary War, British officials pursued efforts to organize the various tribes within it into a sort of Confederation that would form the basis of an Indian state, independent of the United States and under their tutelage, as a way to protect their fur trade ventures in the region and to block anticipated American attacks upon their remaining North American possessions. Pontiac's War (also known as Pontiac's Conspiracy or Pontiac's Rebellion) was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes, primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies in the Great Lakes region after the British victory in the French and Indian War (1754–1763).  Warriors from numerous tribes joined the uprising in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region.  The war is named after the Odawa leader Pontiac, the most prominent of many native leaders in the conflict. Barnes' points are lanceolate Paleo-Indian projectile points distributed throughout the lower northeastern United States, from Missouri to the Great Lakes area, extending into Canada.  Barnes points are associated with the Early Paleoindian Parkhill complex of the eastern Great Lakes region, with sites being especially common in southwestern Ontario.  Barnes points have also been found in northeastern Indiana, which suggests affinities with the Great Lakes region during the early and middle portions of the Paleoindian period.  It is a large, fluted spear point with "delicate ears" and a fishtail base.  The fluting, or groove in the center of the point, tends to extend nearly the entire length of the point.  It was first classified in 1963 by William Roosa.  The Barnes site, in Midland County, Michigan, was first located by Mr. Wallace Hill, whose house was then a few hundred feet from the site.  The staff of the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology was informed of the site in 1959.  William Roosa recognized that the fluting technique on the points, while similar to that of Folsom points, was otherwise unique. The history of human activity in Michigan, a U.S. state in the Midwest, began with settlement of the western Great Lakes region by Native Americans perhaps as early as 11,000 BCE.  The first European to explore Michigan, Étienne Brûlé, came in about 1620.  The area was part of Canada (New France) from 1668 to 1763.  In 1701, the French officer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, along with fifty-one additional French-Canadians, founded a settlement called Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit, now the city of Detroit.  When New France was defeated in the French and Indian War, it ceded the region to Britain in 1763.  After the British defeat in the American Revolutionary War, the Treaty of Paris (1783) expanded the United States' boundaries to include nearly all land east of the Mississippi River and south of Canada.  Michigan was then part of the "Old Northwest".  From 1787 to 1800, it was part of the Northwest Territory.  In 1800, the Indiana Territory was created, and most of the current state Michigan lay within it, with only the easternmost parts of the state remaining in the Northwest Territory.  In 1802, when Ohio was admitted to the Union, the whole of Michigan was attached to the Territory of Indiana, and so remained until 1805, when the Territory of Michigan was established.
Answer: Fort Ligonier