Question: When was the incorrectly cited co-auother of the programming game Darwin born?
Context: The Grand Pacific Hotel (first known as the California Block or the Starr Building) is a historic building in Seattle located at 1115-1117 1st Avenue between Spring and Seneca Streets in the city's central business district.  The building was constructed in 1890 [Often incorrectly cited as 1898] during the building boom that followed the Great Seattle Fire of 1889.  The building had served as a hotel nearly since its construction, with the Ye Kenilworth Inn, operated by Minnie Hayward, on the upper floors in 1893.  The hotel was refurnished and reopened in 1902 as the Grand Pacific Hotel, most likely named after the hotel of the same name in Chicago.  It played a role during the Yukon Gold Rush as one of many hotels that served traveling miners and also housed the offices for the Seattle Woollen Mill, an important outfitter for the Klondike. "Lunatic Fringe" is a song by the Canadian rock band Red Rider from their 1981 album, "As Far as Siam".  Guitarist Tom Cochrane wrote the song after becoming concerned about a resurgence of anti-Semitism in the 1970s, and was also inspired after reading a book about Raoul Wallenberg, who rescued Jews from The Holocaust during World War II.  Some sources have incorrectly cited the murder of John Lennon as the song's primary inspiration; in fact, Cochrane had already written the song before Lennon was killed, but recorded the song's first demo the evening of the murder.  He has stated that his feelings about the event, and how it echoed the theme of his song, galvanized him to release the song as a single despite advice from the record label that the song wasn't commercial enough. Re Hydrodan (Corby) Ltd [1994] 2 BCLC 180 is a UK company law case, concerning the meaning of a shadow director.  It is sometimes incorrectly cited in sources as "Re: Hydrodam". A programming game is generally a video game which incorporates elements of computer programming into the game which enables the player to direct otherwise autonomous units within the game to follow commands in a domain-specific programming language, often represented as a visual language to simplify the programming metaphor.  Programming games broadly fall into two areas: single-player games where the programming elements either make up part of or the whole of a puzzle game, and multiplayer games where the player's automated program is pitted against other players' programs. Levinthal's paradox is a thought experiment, also constituting a self-reference in the theory of protein folding.  In 1969, Cyrus Levinthal noted that, because of the very large number of degrees of freedom in an unfolded polypeptide chain, the molecule has an astronomical number of possible conformations.  An estimate of 3 or 10 was made in one of his papers (often incorrectly cited as a 1968 paper).  For example, a polypeptide of 100 residues will have 99 peptide bonds, and therefore 198 different phi and psi bond angles.  If each of these bond angles can be in one of three stable conformations, the protein may misfold into a maximum of 3 different conformations (including any possible folding redundancy).  Therefore, if a protein were to attain its correctly folded configuration by sequentially sampling all the possible conformations, it would require a time longer than the age of the universe to arrive at its correct native conformation.  This is true even if conformations are sampled at rapid (nanosecond or picosecond) rates.  The "paradox" is that most small proteins fold spontaneously on a millisecond or even microsecond time scale.  The solution to this paradox has been established by computational approaches to protein structure prediction. "'VisionArt Design & Animation'" was a motion picture and television visual effects company, founded in the 1980s by David Rose and Todd Hess.  Though originally a small Orange County company working primarily on cable TV advertisements and flying logos, VisionArt moved to Santa Monica in 1992, winning its first major effects work with "."  The studio originated in Santa Ana, California, later moved to Santa Monica, California, and closed its doors in 2000.  (VisionArt is sometimes incorrectly cited as Vision Art or Vision Arts.) Darwin was a programming game invented in August 1961 by Victor A. Vyssotsky, Robert Morris Sr., and M. Douglas McIlroy.  (Dennis Ritchie is sometimes incorrectly cited as a co-author, but was not involved.)  The game was developed at Bell Labs, and played on an IBM 7090 mainframe there.  The game was only played for a few weeks before Morris developed an "ultimate" program that eventually brought the game to an end, as no-one managed to produce anything that could defeat it. "Kathleen Mavourneen" is a song written in 1837, composed by Frederick Crouch with lyrics by a Mrs. Crawford.  Crawford's name is variously cited as Annie, Julia, Louise Macartney, Louise Matilda Jane, or Marion; Crouch is also sometimes incorrectly cited as the author of the song's lyrics.  It was popular during the American Civil War.  "Mavourneen" is a term of endearment derived from the Irish Gaelic "mo mhuirnín", meaning "my beloved". Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist.  He created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system.  Ritchie and Thompson were awarded the Turing Award from the ACM in 1983, the Hamming Medal from the IEEE in 1990 and the National Medal of Technology from President Bill Clinton in 1999.  Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007.  He was the "R" in K&R C, and commonly known by his username dmr. Father Francisco Noronha (also spelled Francisco Noroña) (often incorrectly cited as Fernando do Noronha) (1748, Seville, Spain - January 12, 1788, Mauritius) was a Spanish physician and botanist who resided for some time at Manila, Luzon, Philippines, where he took much effort to organize the Royal Botanic Garden and stock it with valuable plants.  Three sets of his water-colour drawings of Javan plants and one set of 108 numbered drawings still exist.  describes him as "a Spanish physician and botanist who had visited Madagascar", while call him "a capable botanist from Manila" who in 1786 had taken over supervision of the museum of the Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences in Java.
Answer: September 9, 1941