Question: When did Omar al-Bashir, head of the National Congress, come to power?
Context: Stevan Arnold Majiedt (born 18 December 1960 in Kenhardt) is a judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal of South Africa and a former acting judge on its Constitutional Court.  He is best known for his judgment in "National Commissioner of the SAPS v Southern Africa Litigation Centre", which pioneered universal jurisdiction and was a focal precedent in the scandal over the South African government's failure, in violation of an ICC arrest warrant and domestic court order, to arrest Omar al-Bashir. Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir (Arabic: عمر حسن أحمد البشير‎ ‎ ; pronunciation: ] ; born 1 January 1944) is a Sudanese politician, the seventh president of Sudan and head of the National Congress Party.  He came to power in 1989 when, as a brigadier in the Sudanese Army, he led a group of officers in a military coup that ousted the democratically elected government of prime minister Sadiq al-Mahdi after it began negotiations with rebels in the south.  Since then, he has been elected three times as President in elections that have been under scrutiny for corruption.  In March 2009, al-Bashir became the first sitting president to be indicted by the International Criminal Court (ICC), for allegedly directing a campaign of mass killing, rape, and pillage against civilians in Darfur. Major General Zubair Mohamed Salih (1944 – 12 February 1998) was a Sudanese soldier and politician.  Salih was the deputy of Omar al-Bashir in the military government from 1989 to 1993 and then he continued as al-Bashir's Vice President. Islamism in the Gaza Strip involves efforts to promote and impose Islamic laws and traditions in the Gaza Strip.  The influence of Islamic groups in the Gaza Strip has grown since the 1980s.  Following Hamas' victory in the 2006 Palestinian elections and a conflict with supporters of the rival Fatah party, Hamas took complete control of the Gaza Strip, and declared the "end of secularism and heresy in the Gaza Strip".  For the first time since the Sudanese coup of 1989 that brought Omar al-Bashir to power, a Muslim Brotherhood group ruled a significant geographic territory.  Gaza human-rights groups accuse Hamas of restricting many freedoms in the course of these attempts. Officially, the politics of Sudan takes place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic consociationalist republic, where the President of Sudan is head of state, head of government and commander-in-chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces in a multi-party system.  Legislative power is vested in both the government and in the two chambers, the National Assembly (lower) and the Council of States (upper), of the bicameral National Legislature.  The judiciary is independent and obtained by the Constitutional Court.  However, following a deadly civil war and the ongoing genocide in Darfur, Sudan is widely recognized as an authoritarian state where all effective political power is obtained by President Omar al-Bashir the ruling National Congress Party (NCP). (Al-sayyid) Ahmad Ali Al-Mirghani (Arabic: أحمد الميرغني‎ ‎ ; 16 August 1941 – 2 November 2008) was the Head of State of Sudan from May 6, 1986, to June 30, 1989, when the democratically elected government was toppled by a military coup led by the current President Omar al-Bashir. Ahmed Mohammed Haroun (or Ahmad Harun أحمد هارون) (born 1964) is one of three Sudanese men wanted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur.  Despite international pressure on the government of Sudan to surrender him to the ICC, Haroun served as Sudan's Minister of State for Humanitarian Affairs until May 2009 when he was appointed to the governorship of South Kordofan.  In September 2007, he was appointed to lead an investigation into human rights violations in Darfur.  In July 2013 he resigned as Governor of South Kordofan, and was reappointed by Omar al-Bashir as Governor of North Kordofan. Dr. Ahmed Bilal Osman is a Sudanese politician.  He was appointed to the position of Minister of Culture and Information by President Omer Al-Bashir on June 8, 2012, and took his oath of office on June 11 at the Republican Palace.  He had previously worked as an Adviser of the President, representing the Democratic Unionist Party, before Omar al-Bashir relieved all Advisers in June 2012.  He has also headed the High Committee of North Kordufan.  In July 2011 he administered the first dose of Rotarix as part of an immunization drive led by the GAVI Alliance. The National Congress or National Congress Party (NCP) (Arabic: المؤتمر الوطني‎ ‎ ; "al-Mu'tamar al-Waṭanī ") is the governing official political party of Sudan.  It is headed by Omar al-Bashir, who has been President of Sudan since he seized power in a military coup on 30 June 1989, and began institutionalizing Sharia law at a national level.  The party follows ideologies such as Islamism, Pan-Arabism, and Arab nationalism. General elections were held in Sudan between 13 and 23 December 2000 to elect a President and National Assembly.  The elections were boycotted by the main opposition parties including the Umma Party, the Democratic Unionist Party and the Popular National Congress, which resulted in an easy victory for the incumbent President Omar al-Bashir of the National Congress in the presidential election, with the National Congress also victorious the National Assembly election, winning 355 of the 360 seats, 112 of which were uncontested.
Answer: 1989