Question: Throughout her illustrious career, German chemist Lotte Loewe researched a variety of topics, from ascorbic acid reaction kinetics and uric acid to which organic pigments commonly made by plants, algae, bacteria and fungi?
Context: Uricosuric medications (drugs) are substances that increase the excretion of uric acid in the urine, thus reducing the concentration of uric acid in blood plasma.  In general, this effect is achieved by action on the proximal tubule of the kidney.  Drugs that reduce blood uric acid are not all uricosurics; blood uric acid can be reduced by other mechanisms (see other ). Lotte Loewe (November 7, 1900-unknown) was a German chemist known for her research in organic chemistry.  Loewe received her doctorate in chemistry from the University of Breslau in 1937 and began her career there shortly thereafter, spending six years as a chemistry assistant from 1927 to 1933.  She then moved to the University of Zurich for one year (1934) and the University of Istanbul for 21 years, from 1934 to 1955.  Her last academic appointment was at the University of Basel, where she spent 6 years from 1955 to 1961.  Loewe then became an industrial chemist in Basel, though she maintained a position as an assistant professor at the University of Freiberg.  Throughout, her research concerned ascorbic acid reaction kinetics, uric acid, carotenoids, keto-enol tautomerism, and diazomethane reactions. Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula CHNO.  It forms ions and salts known as urates and acid urates, such as ammonium acid urate.  Uric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides, and it is a normal component of urine.  High blood concentrations of uric acid can lead to gout and are associated with other medical conditions including diabetes and the formation of ammonium acid urate kidney stones. Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties.  It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish.  It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions.  Ascorbic acid is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C.  It was originally called -hexuronic acid, but, when it was found to have vitamin C activity in animals ("vitamin C" being defined as a vitamin activity, not then a specific substance), the suggestion was made to rename it.  The new name, ascorbic acid, is derived from "a-" (meaning "no") and "scorbutus" (scurvy), the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. Because it is derived from glucose, many animals are able to produce it, but humans require it as part of their nutrition.  Other vertebrates which lack the ability to produce ascorbic acid include some primates, guinea pigs, teleost fishes, bats, and some birds, all of which require it as a dietary micronutrient (that is, in vitamin form). Hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood.  In the pH conditions of body fluid, uric acid exists largely as urate, the ion form.  The amount of urate in the body depends on the balance between the amount of purines eaten in food, the amount of urate synthesised within the body (e.g., through cell turnover), and the amount of urate that is excreted in urine or through the gastrointestinal tract.  In humans, the upper end of the normal range is 360 µmol/L (6 mg/dL) for women and 400 µmol/L (6.8 mg/dL) for men. Pulvinic acid is a natural chemical pigment found in some lichens. Dimers of pulvinic acid have been found in the fungi "Scleroderma citrinum" and "Chalciporus piperatus". .  Hydroxypulvinic acid pigments (pulvinic acid type family of pigments) have been found in Boletus (e.g. Boletus erythropus (Fr.)  Pers.) , Boletinus , Chalciporus, Gyrodon, Leccinum, Pulveroboletus, Suillus (e.g. Suillus luteus, Suillus bovinus(Pers.)  Kuntze, and Suillus grevillei (Klotzsch) Singer)), Paxillus (e.g Paxillus involutus), Serpula (e.g. Serpula lacrymans(Wulfen) Schröt), Xerocomus (e.g. Xerocomus chrysenteron (Bull.)  Quél), Hygrophoropsis (e.g. Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire), Tylopilus (e.g. Tylopilus nigerrimus (Heim) Hongo & Endo), Pulveroboletus (e.g. Pulveroboletus auriflammeus (Berk.  & Curt.)  Sing), and are generally are characteristic of Boletales .  Derivatives and similar pigments of this family include atromentic acid, xerocomic acid, isoxerocomic acid, variegatic acid, variegatorubin, xerocomorubin, chinomethide, methyl bovinate, pulvinone, badion A, norbadion A, bisnorbadiochinone A, pisochinone, and sclerocitrin . Carotenoids ( ), also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi.  Carotenoids can be produced from fats and other basic organic metabolic building blocks by all these organisms.  The only animals known to produce carotenoids are aphids and spider mites, which acquired the ability and genes from fungi or it is produced by endosymbiotic bacteria in whiteflies .  Carotenoids from the diet are stored in the fatty tissues of animals, and exclusively carnivorous animals obtain the compounds from animal fat. Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.  The term is today generally limited to the green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for "green plants").  This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.  Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of "plant" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). Acute uric acid nephropathy (AUAN, also acute urate nephropathy) is a rapidly worsening (decreasing) kidney function (renal insufficiency) that is caused by high levels of uric acid in the urine (hyperuricosuria). Carl Ernst Heinrich Schmidt (13 June 1822 – 27 February 1894), also known in Russia as Karl Genrikhovich Schmidt (Russian: Карл Ге́нрихович Шмидт ) was a Baltic German chemist from the Governorate of Livonia, a part of the Russian Empire.  He determined the typical crystallization patterns of many important biochemicals such as uric acid, oxalic acid and its salts, lactic acid, cholesterin, stearin, etc.
Answer: tetraterpenoids