Question: In Battle of Salamanca, an Anglo-Portuguese army under who, which was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain?
Context: The Battle of Grijó (] ) (10–11 May 1809) was a battle that ended in victory for the Anglo-Portuguese Army commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley (the future 1st Duke of Wellington) over the French army commanded by Marshal Nicolas Soult during the second French invasion of Portugal in the Peninsular War.  The next day, Wellesley drove Soult from Porto in the Second Battle of Porto. In Battle of Salamanca (in French and Spanish known as "Battle of Arapiles") an Anglo-Portuguese army under the Duke of Wellington defeated Marshal Auguste Marmont's French forces among the hills around Arapiles, south of Salamanca, Spain on 22July 1812 during the Peninsular War.  A Spanish division was also present but took no part in the battle. The 3rd (United Kingdom) Division, known at various times as the Iron Division, 3rd (Iron) Division, Monty's Iron Sides or as Iron Sides; is a regular army division of the British Army.  It was created in 1809 by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, for service in the Peninsular War, and was known as the Fighting 3rd under Sir Thomas Picton during the Napoleonic Wars.  The division is also sometimes referred to as the Iron Division, a nickname earned during the bitter fighting of 1916, during the First World War.  The division's other battle honours include: the Battle of Waterloo, the Crimean War, the Second Boer War, the Battle of France (1940) and D-Day landings of 6 June 1944.  It was commanded for a time, during the Second World War, by Bernard Montgomery.  The division was to have been part of a proposed Commonwealth Corps, formed for a planned invasion of Japan in 1945–46, and later served in the British Mandate of Palestine. The Battle of La Gudina, Battle of Val Gudina, or Battle of Campo Maior "(Spanish: Batalla de La Gudiña) (Portuguese: Batalha de Caia)" was fought on 7 May 1709 near Arronches between the Spanish Bourbon army of Extremadura, under the Marquis de Bay, and the Portuguese and British, under the Huguenot Earl of Galway and the Marquis of Fronteira.  This battle resulted in a crushing defeat for the Anglo-Portuguese army, 4,000-5,000 soldiers were killed, wounded or captured, while the Spanish had only 400 soldiers dead or wounded. In the Battle of Roliça (17 August 1808) an Anglo-Portuguese army under Sir Arthur Wellesley defeated an outnumbered French army under General Henri Delaborde, near the village of Roliça in Portugal.  The French retired in good order.  Formerly spelled "Roleia" in English, it was the first battle fought by the British army during the Peninsular War. The Battle of Orthez (27 February 1814) saw the Anglo-Portuguese Army commanded by Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington attack a Imperial French army under Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult.  Soult's army was posted on a ridge to the north of the town of Orthez in southern France and in the town itself.  For over two hours the outnumbered French repulsed repeated Allied assaults on their right flank, forcing Wellington to order a general assault.  After a struggle, the Allies overcame the French defenses and Soult was compelled to order a retreat.  At first, the French divisions withdrew in good order, but as they approached the bridge over the Luy de Béarn at Sault-de-Navailles, many soldiers began to panic.  The next day Soult decided that his army was too demoralized to resist more attacks and continued his retreat.  Allied casualties were about 2,200 while the French lost about 4,000 killed, wounded and captured.  The battle was fought near end of the Peninsular War. Mir 'Ali Mardan Shah, Nuzrat ol-Molk (1840 – 1903) was a prominent Persian ruler and one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Persia.  His defeat of Turkomans and Afghans in 1868 put him in the top rank of Persia's military heroes. Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain.  His defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 put him in the first rank of Britain's military heroes. Elizabeth (Eliza) Wigham (23 February 1820 – 3 November 1899) was a leading suffragist and abolitionist in 19th-century Edinburgh, Scotland.  She was involved in several major campaigns to improve women's rights in 19th-century Britain, and has been noted as one of the leading citizens of Edinburgh.  Her stepmother, Jane Smeal, was a leading activist in Glasgow, and her brother John Richardson Wigham was a prominent lighthouse engineer. Major-General Arthur Robert MacDonnell (1835-1900) R.E., J.P., was an Anglo-Irish soldier who served with the Royal Engineers during 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia under Sir Robert Napier.  Born at Dalkey, Co.  Dublin, the youngest son of Richard MacDonnell, Provost of Trinity College, Dublin.  He studied at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and was gazetted into the Royal Engineers in 1854.  After service in India, in 1868 he took part in the Abyssinian Expedition under Sir Robert Napier, during which he was made Brevet Major.  In command of Companies 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the Bombay Sappers, he saw action at the Battle of Aroghee and the Battle of Magdala.  At the capture of Magdala, he served alongside Harry Prendergast V.C., commander of the Madras Sappers, and was mentioned in despatches as "having rendered valuable and important services."  In 1884, he retired from the army with the rank of Major-General.  His first wife, Araminta Preston, was the daughter of Rev. Arthur Preston, grandson of William Beresford, 1st Baron Decies.  His second wife, Florence, was a daughter of Sir Henry Nightingale, 13th Bt., of Newport Pond.  He died at his home near Nairn, where he was Justice of the Peace.  Arthur MacDonnell was a brother of Captain Frederick MacDonnell (1832-1858) of the Punjab Cavalry, who served with distinction in over twenty engagements but was shot and killed during the Indian Mutiny.  Their elder brother, Major Charles MacDonnell (1823-1853) of the 29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot, was killed at the Battle of Sobraon.  Another of the brothers was Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell.
Answer: Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington