anurajms/meta_analysis huggingface dataset:
Interventions:
Surgical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
1. Simple Excision Of Nasal Polyps
Interventions:
Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non‐surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis
1. Tonsillectomy 2. Tonsillectomy And Adenoidectomy 3. Adenoidectomy
Interventions:
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
1. Hearing Aid
Interventions:
Once or twice daily versus three times daily amoxicillin with or without clavulanate for the treatment of acute otitis media
1. Amoxicillin 2. Clavulanic Acid
Interventions:
Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children
1. Epinephrine 2. Nebulizer Therapy 3. Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing Treatment
Interventions:
Oral rinses, mouthwashes and sprays for improving recovery following tonsillectomy
1. Mouthwash 2. Oral Spray
Interventions:
Steroids for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic 2. Oral
Interventions:
Acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the common cold in adults
1. Paracetamol
Interventions:
Intranasal ipratropium bromide for the common cold
1. Nasal 2. Ipratropium Bromide
Interventions:
Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis
1. Antibiotic Therapy
Interventions:
Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho‐pulmonary disease
1. Acetylcysteine 2. Systemic 3. Carbocisteine 4. Inhaled
Interventions:
Autoinflation for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion
1. Politzerization Of Eustachian Tube 2. Inflation Of Eustachian Tube Using Balloon 3. Nasal Balloon 4. Procedure On Eustachian Tube
Interventions:
Interventions for the prevention of postoperative ear discharge after insertion of ventilation tubes (grommets) in children
1. Preventive 2. Administration Of Prophylactic Medication 3. Anti-bacterial agent 4. Corticosteroids - Otological 5. Corticosteroids, Combinations With Antibiotics
Interventions:
Surgery for Ménière's disease
1. Surgery
Interventions:
Clinical service organisation for adults with atrial fibrillation
1. Care planning 2. Case Management 3. Telehealth 4. Disease Management Program 5. Integrated services
Interventions:
Collaborative care approaches for people with severe mental illness
1. Collaborative care 2. Usual Care
Interventions:
Admission avoidance hospital at home
1. Admission avoidance hospital at home 2. Home
Interventions:
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of well‐being in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Healthcare Professional 2. Lower Middle Income Country 3. Mental Health Promotion
Interventions:
Interventions to improve the appropriate use of polypharmacy for older people
1. Polypharmacy 2. Pharmacist
Interventions:
Interventions for the uptake of evidence‐based recommendations in acute stroke settings
1. Healthcare economics and financial management 2. Healthcare administration and delivery 3. Stroke Unit 4. Governance arrangements
Interventions:
Acute assessment services for patient flow assistance in hospital emergency departments
1. Emergency Care 2. Accident And Emergency Department 3. Acute assessment service 4. Acute assessment unit
Interventions:
Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for treating depression after stroke
1. Brain Stimulation 2. Therapeutic Psychology 3. Drug Therapy
Interventions:
Case management for integrated care of older people with frailty in community settings
1. Case Management 2. Community Environment
Interventions:
Medication review in hospitalised patients to reduce morbidity and mortality
1. Healthcare Professional 2. Medication review
Interventions:
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for community‐dwelling, high‐risk, frail, older people
1. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
Interventions:
Discharge planning from hospital
1. Discharge Planning
Interventions:
Early warning systems and rapid response systems for the prevention of patient deterioration on acute adult hospital wards
1. Rapid response system 2. Early Warning System
Interventions:
Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in clinical practice
1. Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes
Interventions:
Decision‐support tools via mobile devices to improve quality of care in primary healthcare settings
1. Mobility Device 2. Accident And Emergency Department
Interventions:
Telerehabilitation services for stroke
1. Telerehabilitation
Interventions:
Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults
1. Depression Management Program 2. Pharmacist
Interventions:
Manually‐generated reminders delivered on paper: effects on professional practice and patient outcomes
1. Quality improvement 2. Manually-generated reminder
Interventions:
Telephone counselling for smoking cessation
1. Telephone Counseling
Interventions:
Follow‐up services for improving long‐term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors
1. Follow-up Encounter
Interventions:
Patient‐mediated interventions to improve professional practice
1. Decision aids
Interventions:
Impact of public release of performance data on the behaviour of healthcare consumers and providers
1. Public release of performance data 2. Performance data
Interventions:
Pharmacist services for non‐hospitalised patients
1. Outpatient Environment 2. Pharmacist
Interventions:
Hospitalisation in short‐stay units for adults with internal medicine diseases and conditions
1. Short Stay Unit
Interventions:
Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care
1. Nurse
Interventions:
Improving adherence to Standard Precautions for the control of health care‐associated infections
1. Standard Precautions
Interventions:
Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older people admitted to a surgical service
1. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
Interventions:
Patient reminder and recall interventions to improve immunization rates
1. Reminding
Interventions:
Providing physicians with feedback on medication adherence for people with chronic diseases taking long‐term medication
1. Monitoring Adherence To Medication Regime
Interventions:
Interventions to change the behaviour of health professionals and the organisation of care to promote weight reduction in children and adults with overweight or obesity
1. Service delivery site 2. Training 3. Decision coaching 4. Work-oriented Specific Training 5. Multidisciplinary team 6. Education Provision 7. Clinical Decision Support System 8. Chronic care model
Interventions:
Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital
1. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
Interventions:
Interprofessional collaboration to improve professional practice and healthcare outcomes
1. Collaborative care
Interventions:
Home or foster home care versus institutional long‐term care for functionally dependent older people
1. Home Care 2. Foster Care 3. Home
Interventions:
Non‐medical prescribing versus medical prescribing for acute and chronic disease management in primary and secondary care
1. Prescription Of Therapeutic Regimen
Interventions:
Tools developed and disseminated by guideline producers to promote the uptake of their guidelines
1. Guidelines implementation 2. Press release 3. Costing template 4. Guideline education 5. Programme evaluation 6. Benchmarking tools 7. Guideline recommendation
Interventions:
Mobile clinics for women's and children's health
1. Clinic 2. Mobile Clinic
Interventions:
Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children under five
1. Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Strategy
Interventions:
Professional interventions for general practitioners on the management of musculoskeletal conditions
1. Musculoskeletal Care Management 2. Professional / Ancillary Services Education
Interventions:
Transition of care for adolescents from paediatric services to adult health services
1. Transitional care
Interventions:
Interventions to optimise prescribing for older people in care homes
1. Safe prescribing 2. Physician 3. Nurse 4. Pharmacist
Interventions:
Interactive telemedicine: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
1. Telemedicine
Interventions:
Alternative versus standard packages of antenatal care for low‐risk pregnancy
1. Antenatal Care
Interventions:
Medical day hospital care for older people versus alternative forms of care
1. Care Of Aged 2. Day Hospital
Interventions:
Chronic disease management programmes for adults with asthma
1. Disease Management Program
Interventions:
In‐service training for health professionals to improve care of seriously ill newborns and children in low‐income countries
1. Neonatal life support training 2. Paediatric life support training
Interventions:
Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia
1. Case Management
Interventions:
Dental auxiliaries for dental care traditionally provided by dentists
1. Dental Auxiliary 2. Dental procedures
Interventions:
Task shifting from doctors to non‐doctors for initiation and maintenance of antiretroviral therapy
1. Antiretroviral Therapy 2. Lay Health Worker
Interventions:
Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice
1. Computer generated advice 2. Prescribing 3. Drug dosage advice
Interventions:
Nutritional screening for improving professional practice for patient outcomes in hospital and primary care settings
1. Assessment Of Nutritional Status
Interventions:
Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Staff Supervision 2. Visit By Health Visitor
Interventions:
Dressings and topical agents containing hyaluronic acid for chronic wound healing
1. Hyaluronic Acid 2. Wound dressing 3. Topical
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for diabetic macular oedema: a network meta‐analysis
1. Antineovascularisation Agents
Interventions:
Fenofibrate for diabetic retinopathy
1. Fenofibrate
Interventions:
Interventions for motor rehabilitation in people with transtibial amputation due to peripheral arterial disease or diabetes
1. Muscular Strength Development Exercise 2. Usual Care
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factors in combination with vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy
1. Antineovascularisation Agents
Interventions:
Blood pressure control for diabetic retinopathy
1. Blood Pressure Monitoring
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
1. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
Interventions:
Parathyroidectomy for adults with primary hyperparathyroidism
1. Parathyroidectomy by Bilateral Surgical Neck Exploration 2. Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy
Interventions:
Antenatal dietary supplementation with myo‐inositol for preventing gestational diabetes
1. Inositol
Interventions:
Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia
1. Drug Therapy
Interventions:
Rituximab for thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy
1. Rituximab 2. Intravenous Infusion
Interventions:
Recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)‐aided radioiodine treatment for non‐toxic multinodular goitre
1. Recombinant human thyrotropin 2. Radioiodine Thyroid Imaging
Interventions:
Through‐knee versus above‐knee amputation for vascular and non‐vascular major lower limb amputations
1. Through Knee Amputation
Interventions:
Continuous glucose monitoring systems for monitoring cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes
1. Glucose Monitoring System
Interventions:
Nutritional supplementation for nonalcohol‐related fatty liver disease: a network meta‐analysis
1. Nutritional supplement
Interventions:
Lifestyle modifications for nonalcohol‐related fatty liver disease: a network meta‐analysis
1. Physical activity 2. Lifestyle Education Regarding Diet 3. Diet Education
Interventions:
Interventions for weight loss in people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese
1. Pharmacotherapy 2. Surgery 3. Lifestyle Adjustment Training
Interventions:
Interventions for preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Preventative intervention
Interventions:
Psychological interventions for treating foot ulcers, and preventing their recurrence, in people with diabetes
1. Preventive 2. Counseling 3. Psychodynamic Psychotherapy 4. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 5. Family, Systemic, Couple And Sex Therapy
Interventions:
Antiandrogen or estradiol treatment or both during hormone therapy in transitioning transgender women
1. Antiandrogens 2. Estradiol
Interventions:
Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Pioglitazone
Interventions:
(Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Ultra-long-acting insulin analogue 2. Long-acting insulins and analogues
Interventions:
Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy guided by intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring (IOPTH) and preoperative imaging versus bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in adults
1. Intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring 2. Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy
Interventions:
Nutritional interventions for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes
1. Nutritional supplement
Interventions:
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Metformin 2. Oral
Interventions:
Non‐nutritive sweeteners for diabetes mellitus
1. Sweetener 2. Behavioral Therapy
Interventions:
Zinc supplementation for the promotion of growth and prevention of infections in infants less than six months of age
1. Preventive 2. Oral 3. Zinc
Interventions:
Resveratrol for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Resveratrol 2. Oral
Interventions:
Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Metformin
Interventions:
Oxandrolone for growth hormone‐treated girls aged up to 18 years with Turner syndrome
1. Somatropin 2. Oxandrolone
Interventions:
Thyroxine replacement for subfertile women with euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease or subclinical hypothyroidism
1. Levothyroxine
Interventions:
Techniques of monitoring blood glucose during pregnancy for women with pre‐existing diabetes
1. Blood Glucose Monitoring
Interventions:
Metformin and second‐ or third‐generation sulphonylurea combination therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Sulfonylureas 2. Metformin
Interventions:
Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal tumours in adults
1. Laparoscopic Excision Of Adrenal Gland By Retroperitoneal Approach
Interventions:
Alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
Interventions:
Sliding scale insulin for non‐critically ill hospitalised adults with diabetes mellitus
1. Sliding Scale Insulin Regime
Interventions:
Tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease
1. Tocilizumab
Interventions:
Negative pressure wound therapy for treating foot wounds in people with diabetes mellitus
1. Negative Pressure Wound Dressing
Interventions:
Monotherapy laser photocoagulation for diabetic macular oedema
1. Photocoagulation Of Eye 2. Krypton Laser Photocoagulation 3. Argon Laser Photocoagulation 4. Laser Photocoagulation To Retina 5. Ophthalmic Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser System 6. Focal Laser Photocoagulation Of Retina 7. Diode Laser 8. Grid Retinal Photocoagulation
Interventions:
Metformin for women who are overweight or obese during pregnancy for improving maternal and infant outcomes
1. Metformin
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor combined with intravitreal steroids for diabetic macular oedema
1. Dexamethasone Drug Implant 2. Ranibizumab 3. Intravitreal Steroid Injection 4. Monoclonal Antibodies 5. Antineovascularisation Agents 6. Bevacizumab 7. Triamcinolone acetonide
Interventions:
Different lasers and techniques for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
1. Photocoagulation Of Eye 2. Ophthalmic Argon Laser System
Interventions:
Planned birth at or near term for improving health outcomes for pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes and their infants
1. Elective Cesarean Section 2. Induction Of Labor
Interventions:
Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Nutrition Therapy 2. Exercise therapy
Interventions:
Insulin for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes
1. Insulin Regime 2. Insulin (human)
Interventions:
Oral anti‐diabetic agents for women with established diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance or previous gestational diabetes planning pregnancy, or pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes
1. Oral 2. Insulins and analogues
Interventions:
Psychological interventions for diabetes‐related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Motivation Therapy 2. Counseling 3. Psychotherapy 4. Educational Therapy 5. Education About Self Management Of Diabetes 6. Telemedicine
Interventions:
Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and infant health
1. Preconception Care
Interventions:
Phototherapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes
1. Phototherapy Of Skin
Interventions:
Topical antimicrobial agents for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes
1. Antiseptics And Disinfectants 2. Medicated Dressings With Antiinfectives 3. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 4. Topical 5. Usual Care 6. Antibiotics For Topical Use
Interventions:
Glucose targets for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression
1. Preventive 2. Glycaemic-lowering agent
Interventions:
Dipeptidyl‐peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 analogues for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Blood Glucose Lowering Drugs, Excl. Insulins 2. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 3. Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (dpp-4) Inhibitors
Interventions:
Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes
1. Blood Glucose Monitoring 2. Lifestyle education 3. Dietary Regime 4. Physical Exercises 5. Behavioral Therapy
Interventions:
Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults
1. Prescribed Dietary Intake 2. Support System Interventions
Interventions:
Drug interventions for the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents
1. Drug Therapy
Interventions:
Insulin secretagogues for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Combination Therapy 2. Sulfonylureas 3. Meglitinide
Interventions:
Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus
1. Short-acting insulin analogue
Interventions:
Fortification of staple foods with zinc for improving zinc status and other health outcomes in the general population
1. Micronutrients 2. Foods 3. Zinc
Interventions:
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes
1. Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion Of Insulin
Interventions:
Autologous platelet‐rich plasma for treating chronic wounds
1. Autologous Platelet-rich Plasma
Interventions:
Different intensities of glycaemic control for pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes
1. Blood Glucose Monitoring
Interventions:
Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adult people with severe mental illness
1. Self-management
Interventions:
Sodium‐glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Sodium-glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors
Interventions:
Radioiodine therapy versus antithyroid medications for Graves' disease
1. Radioiodine Thyroid Imaging
Interventions:
Skin grafting and tissue replacement for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes
1. Skin Grafting
Interventions:
Subcutaneous rapid‐acting insulin analogues for diabetic ketoacidosis
1. Subcutaneous 2. Insulins and analogues
Interventions:
Intensive versus conventional glycaemic control for treating diabetic foot ulcers
1. Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion Of Insulin 2. Blood Glucose Monitoring 3. Lifestyle education 4. Subcutaneous Injection Of Insulin
Interventions:
Parent‐only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years
1. Parent
Interventions:
Thyroid surgery for Graves’ disease and Graves’ ophthalmopathy
1. Thyroidectomy
Interventions:
Growth factors for treating diabetic foot ulcers
1. Growth Factor 2. Usual Care
Interventions:
Aromatase inhibitors for short stature in male children and adolescents
1. Aromatase Inhibitors 2. Somatropin 3. Androgens
Interventions:
Systemic antibiotics for treating diabetic foot infections
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use
Interventions:
Complex interventions for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
1. Preventive 2. Diabetic Care
Interventions:
Total or near‐total thyroidectomy versus subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular non‐toxic goitre in adults
1. Total Thyroidectomy
Interventions:
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for chronic wounds
1. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Interventions:
Topical non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents for diabetic cystoid macular oedema
1. Antiinflammatory Agents, Non-steroidal, Ophthalmologic
Interventions:
Calcimimetics for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients
1. Calcimimetic Agent
Interventions:
Intensive glucose control versus conventional glucose control for type 1 diabetes mellitus
1. Intensive Glucose Control
Interventions:
Transtheoretical model stages of change for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults
1. Physiotherapy 2. Dietary Regime Management 3. Transtheoretical Model Stages
Interventions:
Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults
1. Vitamin D and analogues
Interventions:
Blue‐light filtering spectacle lenses for visual performance, sleep, and macular health in adults
1. Blue-light filtering spectacle lense
Interventions:
Laser‐assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery
1. Femtosecond Pulsed Laser 2. Phacoemulsification
Interventions:
Antibiotics versus placebo for acute bacterial conjunctivitis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Administration Of Drug Or Medicament To Skin Via Topical Route
Interventions:
Device‐modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma
1. Trabeculectomy
Interventions:
Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure
1. Small Incision Manual Extracapsular Cataract Extraction 2. Phacoemulsification 3. Extracapsular Extraction Of Lens 4. Lysis Of Goniosynechiae
Interventions:
Interventions for acute non‐arteritic central retinal artery occlusion
1. Artery dilation 2. Enhanced External Counterpulsation 3. Antiplatelet Agent Therapy 4. Removal of obstruction 5. Steroid therapy 6. Thrombolysis 7. Intraocular Pressure-reducing System
Interventions:
Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia
1. Trifocal intraocular lens
Interventions:
Iridotomy to slow progression of visual field loss in angle‐closure glaucoma
1. Iridotomy
Interventions:
Early vitrectomy for exogenous endophthalmitis following surgery
1. Vitrectomy 2. Intravitreal Antibiotic Injection
Interventions:
Adjunctive steroid therapy versus antibiotics alone for acute endophthalmitis after intraocular procedure
1. Steroid therapy 2. Antibiotic Therapy
Interventions:
Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis
1. Corticosteroids - Opthamological and Otological 2. Tocilizumab
Interventions:
Immediate sequential bilateral surgery versus delayed sequential bilateral surgery for cataracts
1. Phacoemulsification 2. Intraocular lens
Interventions:
Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
1. Povidone-iodine 2. Corticosteroids - Opthamological and Otological 3. Cyclosporine
Interventions:
Pneumatic retinopexy versus scleral buckle for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
1. Pneumatic Retinopexy
Interventions:
Fornix‐based versus limbal‐based conjunctival trabeculectomy flaps for glaucoma
1. Trabeculectomy
Interventions:
Intraocular lens optic edge design for the prevention of posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery
1. Insertion Of Intraocular Lens
Interventions:
Adjunctive modulation of wound healing during cataract surgery to promote survival of a previous trabeculectomy
1. Phacoemulsification
Interventions:
Photobiomodulation for non‐exudative age‐related macular degeneration
1. Low Power Laser Therapy
Interventions:
Surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane
1. Epiretinal Dissection 2. Vitrectomy
Interventions:
Lens extraction for chronic angle‐closure glaucoma
1. Lens extraction 2. Phacoemulsification
Interventions:
Laser peripheral iridoplasty for chronic angle closure
1. Laser Iridoplasty
Interventions:
Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with Trabectome for open‐angle glaucoma
1. Minimal Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
Interventions:
Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive errors
1. Wavefront-guided refractive surgery 2. Wavefront-optimized refractive surgery
Interventions:
Visual cycle modulators versus placebo or observation for the prevention and treatment of geographic atrophy due to age‐related macular degeneration
1. Fenofibrate
Interventions:
Corneal collagen cross‐linking for bacterial infectious keratitis
1. Corneal collagen crosslinking
Interventions:
Treatment regimens for administration of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor agents for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration
1. Ranibizumab 2. Aflibercept 3. Bevacizumab
Interventions:
Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a mechanical microkeratome compared to LASIK with a femtosecond laser for LASIK in adults with myopia or myopic astigmatism
1. Microkeratome 2. Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis
Interventions:
Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction
1. Intense Pulsed Light Dry Eye Therapy Unit
Interventions:
Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with Schlemm´s canal microstent (Hydrus) for open angle glaucoma
1. Minimal Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
Interventions:
Low vision rehabilitation for better quality of life in visually impaired adults
1. Follow-up Visit 2. Perceptual Training 3. Referral To Gp 4. Writing Therapy 5. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 6. Assistive Device Education 7. Housing modifications 8. Skills Training 9. Health Promotion Education 10. Closed-circuit Television System 11. Life Skills Training 12. Provision Of Practice Information Leaflet 13. Counseling 14. Initial Ophthalmological Assessment 15. Self-management 16. Reading Assistive Training Device 17. Behavioral Therapy 18. Home Visit 19. Support Group Facilitation 20. Problem Solving Therapy 21. Discussion About Therapy
Interventions:
Toric intraocular lens versus limbal relaxing incisions for corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification
1. Toric Iol - Intraocular Lens Implant
Interventions:
Pars plana vitrectomy combined with scleral buckle versus pars plana vitrectomy for giant retinal tear
1. Scleral Buckle 2. Pars Plana Virectomy
Interventions:
Topical cyclosporine A therapy for dry eye syndrome
1. Artificial tears 2. Applying Medication To Eyes 3. Cyclosporine
Interventions:
Conventional occlusion versus pharmacologic penalization for amblyopia
1. Eye Patch
Interventions:
Intrastromal corneal ring segments for treating keratoconus
1. Collagen 2. Keratectomy 3. Insertion Of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments
Interventions:
Aqueous shunts with mitomycin C versus aqueous shunts alone for glaucoma
1. Mitomycin 2. Intraoperative 3. Glaucoma Shunt Device
Interventions:
Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with iStent for open‐angle glaucoma
1. Minimal Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
Interventions:
Cyclodestructive procedures for refractory glaucoma
1. Photocoagulation Of Ciliary Body
Interventions:
Pars plana vitrectomy versus scleral buckling for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
1. Pars Plana Virectomy
Interventions:
Endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) for open angle glaucoma and primary angle closure
1. Minimal Invasive Glaucoma Surgery 2. Photocoagulation Of Ciliary Body
Interventions:
Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery
1. Electrocardiographic Monitor 2. Measurement of Plasma Creatinine 3. Serum Glucagon Measurement 4. Electrolyte Monitoring 5. Respired Nitrogen Monitoring 6. Preoperative Care
Interventions:
Anti‐tumour necrosis factor biological therapies for the treatment of uveitic macular oedema (UMO) for non‐infectious uveitis
1. Golimumab 2. Certolizumab Pegol 3. Etanercept 4. Infliximab 5. Adalimumab
Interventions:
Subconjunctival draining minimally‐invasive glaucoma devices for medically uncontrolled glaucoma
1. Minimal Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
Interventions:
Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) versus Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) for corneal endothelial failure
1. Endothelial Keratoplasty
Interventions:
Blue‐light filtering intraocular lenses (IOLs) for protecting macular health
1. Insertion Of Intraocular Lens
Interventions:
Reading aids for adults with low vision
1. Low Vision Aid 2. Optical Low Vision Aid Provision
Interventions:
Optical correction of refractive error for preventing and treating eye symptoms in computer users
1. Contact Lenses 2. Eye Glasses 3. Refractive Surgery
Interventions:
Adjustable versus non‐adjustable sutures for strabismus
1. Adjustable Suture Technique During Strabismus Surgery
Interventions:
Interventions to increase attendance for diabetic retinopathy screening
1. Interpersonal Intervention 2. Health Promotion Education 3. Clinical Support 4. Education 5. Role Enhancement 6. Diabetic Retinopathy Screening 7. Behavior Management 8. Communication Interventions
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity
1. Intravitreal 2. Laser Photocoagulation To Retina 3. Antineovascularisation Agents 4. Cryotherapy To Retina
Interventions:
Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy
1. Operations On Superior Oblique
Interventions:
Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Education About Health Seeking Behaviour
Interventions:
Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion
1. Applying Medication To Eyes 2. Ocriplasmin
Interventions:
Different‐sized incisions for phacoemulsification in age‐related cataract
1. Phacoemulsification Of Cataract With Intraocular Lens Implantation
Interventions:
Aqueous shunts for glaucoma
1. Glaucoma Shunt Device
Interventions:
Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction
1. Probing Of Nasolacrimal Duct
Interventions:
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after uncomplicated cataract surgery
1. Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug 2. Corticosteroids - Otological 3. Topical
Interventions:
Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis versus pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous floaters
1. Lysis Of Vitreous In Anterior Chamber Of Eye Using Laser
Interventions:
Topical non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for analgesia in traumatic corneal abrasions
1. Applying Medication To Eyes 2. Curative 3. Antiinflammatory Agents, Non-steroidal, Ophthalmologic
Interventions:
Autologous serum eye drops for dry eye
1. Autologous Conditioned Serum Set
Interventions:
N‐acetylcarnosine (NAC) drops for age‐related cataract
1. N-acetylcarnosine
Interventions:
Endonasal versus external dacryocystorhinostomy for nasolacrimal duct obstruction
1. Intranasal Dacryocystorhinostomy
Interventions:
Perioperative medications for preventing temporarily increased intraocular pressure after laser trabeculoplasty
1. Trabeculoplasty 2. Antiglaucoma Preparations And Miotics
Interventions:
Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma
1. Instilling Eye Drops
Interventions:
Surgery for cataracts in people with age‐related macular degeneration
1. Extraction Of Cataract
Interventions:
Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correcting myopia
1. Laser Superficial Keratectomy
Interventions:
Perioperative antibiotics for prevention of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Prophylaxis
Interventions:
Non‐surgical interventions for acute internal hordeolum
1. Corticosteroids - Opthamological and Otological 2. Antibiotic Therapy
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia
1. Antineovascularisation Agents
Interventions:
Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction
1. Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implant
Interventions:
Fibrin glue versus sutures for conjunctival autografting in primary pterygium surgery
1. Fibrin Glue 2. Conjunctival Autograft To Conjunctiva
Interventions:
Oral antivirals for preventing recurrent herpes simplex keratitis in people with corneal grafts
1. Acyclovir Oral Tablet
Interventions:
Valacyclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in immunocompetent patients
1. Valaciclovir
Interventions:
Integrated versus non‐integrated orbital implants for treating anophthalmic sockets
1. Porous Orbital Implant
Interventions:
Prophylactic non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for the prevention of macular oedema after cataract surgery
1. Corticosteroids - Otological 2. Antiinflammatory Agents, Non-steroidal, Ophthalmologic
Interventions:
Statins for age‐related macular degeneration
1. Statin Prophylaxis
Interventions:
Patching for corneal abrasion
1. Eye Patch 2. Antibiotics For Topical Use
Interventions:
Antibiotics versus no treatment for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis
1. Antibiotic Therapy
Interventions:
Over the counter (OTC) artificial tear drops for dry eye syndrome
1. Artificial tears
Interventions:
Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of myopia
1. Laser Assisted Subepithelial Keratomileusis
Interventions:
Peripheral iridotomy for pigmentary glaucoma
1. Laser Iridotomy
Interventions:
Conjunctival autograft for pterygium
1. Excision Of Pterygium With Graft To Conjunctiva
Interventions:
Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration
1. Aflibercept
Interventions:
Doxycycline plus ivermectin versus ivermectin alone for treatment of patients with onchocerciasis
1. Doxycycline 2. Ivermectin
Interventions:
Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor for control of wound healing in glaucoma surgery
1. Antineovascularisation Agents
Interventions:
Interventions for dissociated vertical deviation
1. Strabismus Surgery 2. Non-Surgical Interventions
Interventions:
Interventions for trachoma trichiasis
1. Correction Of Trichiasis
Interventions:
Mitomycin C versus 5‐Fluorouracil for wound healing in glaucoma surgery
1. Postoperative 2. Mitomycin 3. Trabeculectomy With Intraoperative Application Of Mitomycin
Interventions:
Day care versus in‐patient surgery for age‐related cataract
1. Day Hospital Care
Interventions:
Laser treatment of drusen to prevent progression to advanced age‐related macular degeneration
1. Laser Photocoagulation To Retina
Interventions:
Intravitreal steroids versus observation for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion
1. Intravitreal Implant 2. Intravitreal Steroid Injection
Interventions:
Sub‐Tenon's anaesthesia versus topical anaesthesia for cataract surgery
1. Local Anesthesia For Procedure On Eye 2. Anesthesia For Lens Surgery
Interventions:
Immunosuppressants for the prophylaxis of corneal graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty
1. Immunosuppressant
Interventions:
Corticosteroids for treating optic neuritis
1. Corticosteroids - Otological
Interventions:
Interventions for idiopathic intracranial hypertension
1. Diuretic 2. Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination 3. Corticosteroids - Otological 4. Lumbar Puncture 5. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6. Dietary Regime 7. Bariatric surgery 8. Octreotide 9. Decompression Of Optic Nerve (ii)
Interventions:
Combined surgery versus cataract surgery alone for eyes with cataract and glaucoma
1. Phacoemulsification 2. Glaucoma surgery
Interventions:
Assistive technology for children and young people with low vision
1. Low Vision Aid 2. Optical Low Vision Aid Provision
Interventions:
Macular grid laser photocoagulation for branch retinal vein occlusion
1. Grid Retinal Photocoagulation
Interventions:
Medical interventions for fungal keratitis
1. Triazole Derivatives 2. Antiinfectives And Antiseptics For Local Oral Treatment 3. Econazole Ophthalmic Solution 4. Antifungal Antibiotics, Topical 5. Antibiotics, Ophthalmologic
Interventions:
Surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
1. Decompression Of Optic Nerve (ii)
Interventions:
Optical reading aids for children and young people with low vision
1. Low Vision Aid 2. Optical Low Vision Aid Provision
Interventions:
Medical interventions for acanthamoeba keratitis
1. Biguanides - Antimalarial
Interventions:
Face washing promotion for preventing active trachoma
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Hygiene Education
Interventions:
Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis
1. Debridement 2. Interferons 3. Antivirals
Interventions:
Interventions for asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration for preventing retinal detachment
1. Laser Photocoagulation To Retina 2. Cryotherapy
Interventions:
Excimer laser refractive surgery versus phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of moderate to high myopia
1. Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis 2. Laser Assisted Subepithelial Keratomileusis 3. Wavefront-guided Photorefractive Keratectomy
Interventions:
D‐Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
1. Penicillamine
Interventions:
Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
1. Vitamin D 2. High Dose
Interventions:
Fibrin‐based haemostatic agents for reducing blood loss in adult liver resection
1. Bioabsorbable Hemostatic Agent
Interventions:
Prostaglandins for adult liver transplanted recipients
1. Prostaglandins
Interventions:
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)‐covered stents versus bare stents for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in people with liver cirrhosis
1. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene covered stent
Interventions:
Rifaximin for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis
1. Lactulose 2. Lactitol 3. Rifaximin
Interventions:
Fibrin sealants for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreatic surgery
1. Fibrin Glue
Interventions:
Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor with or without stem or progenitor cell or growth factors infusion for people with compensated or decompensated advanced chronic liver disease
1. Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factors
Interventions:
Exercise interventions for adults after liver transplantation
1. Exercise
Interventions:
Remote care through telehealth for people with inflammatory bowel disease
1. Telephone delivered intervention 2. Symptom Management 3. Remote Consultation 4. Telemedicine
Interventions:
Patient education interventions for the management of inflammatory bowel disease
1. Symptom Management
Interventions:
Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
1. Erythromycin 2. Endoscopy
Interventions:
Interventions to improve sanitation for preventing diarrhoea
1. Sanitation measures
Interventions:
Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia
1. Fundoplication 2. Heller Cardiomyotomy
Interventions:
Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins
1. Cephalosporins
Interventions:
Electromagnetic‐guided versus endoscopic‐guided postpyloric placement of nasoenteral feeding tubes
1. Electromagnetic-guided post-pyloric placement 2. Nasoenteral Tube
Interventions:
Certolizumab pegol for maintenance of medically induced remission in Crohn’s disease
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic 2. Immunosuppressant 3. Certolizumab Pegol 4. Mesalazine 5. Subcutaneous
Interventions:
Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
1. Exercise 2. Physical activity 3. Exercise Education 4. Usual Care
Interventions:
Antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis
1. Antibiotic Therapy
Interventions:
Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease
1. Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplant 2. Mesenchymal stromal cells
Interventions:
Tacrolimus (FK506) for induction of remission in corticosteroid‐refractory ulcerative colitis
1. Tacrolimus
Interventions:
Guidewire‐assisted cannulation of the common bile duct for the prevention of post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis
1. Guide Wire 2. Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Interventions:
Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
1. Proton pump inhibitor
Interventions:
Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic instillation versus no intraperitoneal local anaesthetic instillation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
1. Intraperitoneal 2. Local Anesthetics
Interventions:
Mesh fixation techniques in primary ventral or incisional hernia repair
1. Hernia Surgical Mesh 2. Repair Of Ventral Hernia Using Sutures 3. Fibrin Glue 4. Tack
Interventions:
Primary prevention of variceal bleeding in people with oesophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis: a network meta‐analysis
1. Beta Blocking Agent 2. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt 3. Portosystemic Shunt Operation 4. Endoscopy Of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract And Banding Of Varix Of Esophagus 5. Organic Nitrates 6. Sclerotherapy Of Esophageal Varices
Interventions:
Secondary prevention of variceal bleeding in adults with previous oesophageal variceal bleeding due to decompensated liver cirrhosis: a network meta‐analysis
1. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt 2. Portosystemic Shunt Operation 3. Endoscopy Of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract And Banding Of Varix Of Esophagus 4. Organic Nitrates 5. Beta Blocking Agents, Non-selective 6. Sclerotherapy Of Esophageal Varices
Interventions:
Risk of postoperative infectious complications from medical therapies in inflammatory bowel disease
1. Aminosalicylate 2. Immunosuppressant 3. Perioperative 4. Corticosteroids 5. Tofacitinib 6. Tumour Necrosis Factor Inhibitors 7. Immunomodulators 8. Interleukin Inhibitors
Interventions:
Portosystemic shunts versus endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment for prevention of rebleeding in people with cirrhosis
1. Distal Splenorenal Anastomosis 2. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt 3. Portosystemic Shunt Operation
Interventions:
Interventions for preventing postpartum constipation
1. Drugs For Constipation 2. Non-Pharmacological Interventions
Interventions:
Adalimumab for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Adalimumab
Interventions:
Antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernia repair
1. Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Interventions:
Nasogastric versus nasojejunal tube feeding for severe acute pancreatitis
1. Nasogastric Tube
Interventions:
Anti‐IL‐12/23p40 antibodies for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Interleukin-12/23 Inhibitor 2. Ustekinumab 3. Briakinumab
Interventions:
Adalimumab for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Adalimumab
Interventions:
Band ligation versus beta‐blockers for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein thrombosis
1. Band Ligator
Interventions:
Certolizumab pegol for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Certolizumab Pegol 2. Subcutaneous
Interventions:
Plasma expanders for people with cirrhosis and large ascites treated with abdominal paracentesis
1. Plasma expander
Interventions:
Lateral pararectal versus transrectal stoma placement for prevention of parastomal herniation
1. Preventive 2. Lateral pararectal stoma placement
Interventions:
Adjuvant therapy with antidepressants for the management of inflammatory bowel disease
1. Antidepressants
Interventions:
Glucocorticosteroids for people with alcoholic hepatitis
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic
Interventions:
N‐acetylcysteine as an adjuvant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Acetylcysteine
Interventions:
Antibiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Oral
Interventions:
Acetyl‐L‐carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy
1. Acetylcarnitine
Interventions:
Cannabis for the treatment of ulcerative colitis
1. Cannabis 2. Cannabinoids
Interventions:
Surgical portosystemic shunts versus transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for variceal haemorrhage in people with cirrhosis
1. Portosystemic Shunt Operation
Interventions:
Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke
1. Swallowing Promotion Therapy
Interventions:
Carvedilol versus traditional, non‐selective beta‐blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices
1. Carvedilol
Interventions:
Prokinetics for functional dyspepsia
1. Prokinetic Agent
Interventions:
Modifying the consistency of food and fluids for swallowing difficulties in dementia
1. Food Consistency Types
Interventions:
Mesh versus non‐mesh for inguinal and femoral hernia repair
1. Repair Of Femoral Hernia 2. Laparoscopic Repair Of Femoral Hernia 3. Hernia Surgical Mesh 4. Lichtenstein Repair Of Inguinal Hernia 5. Laparoscopic Repair Of Inguinal Hernia 6. Inguinal hernia repair
Interventions:
Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults
1. Intravenous 2. Patient Controlled Analgesia 3. Opioids
Interventions:
Surgical portosystemic shunts versus devascularisation procedures for prevention of variceal rebleeding in people with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
1. Distal Splenorenal Anastomosis 2. Shunt Of Portal Vein To Vena Cava 3. Proximal Splenorenal Anastomosis 4. Caval-mesenteric Vein Anastomosis
Interventions:
Prosthetic mesh placement for the prevention of parastomal herniation
1. Preventive 2. Hernia Surgical Mesh
Interventions:
Glucocorticosteroids for infants with biliary atresia following Kasai portoenterostomy
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic
Interventions:
Withdrawal of immunosuppressant or biologic therapy for patients with quiescent Crohn's disease
1. Recommendation to discontinue a therapy
Interventions:
Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose
1. Activated Charcoal 2. Ipecacuanha 3. Extracorporeal Circulation Procedure 4. Intravenous 5. Acetylcysteine 6. Curative 7. Irrigation Of Stomach 8. Oral 9. Antidote
Interventions:
Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro‐oesophageal reflux
1. Infant Formula 2. Breast Milk 3. Feed Thickening Preparations
Interventions:
Laparoscopic versus open resection for sigmoid diverticulitis
1. Laparoscopic-assisted Sigmoid Colectomy
Interventions:
Proton pump inhibitors for functional dyspepsia
1. Proton Pump Inhibitors 2. Oral
Interventions:
Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy
1. Ligation 2. Closure By Clip 3. Closure By Staple
Interventions:
Mesalamine (5‐ASA) for the prevention of recurrent diverticulitis
1. Preventive 2. Mesalazine
Interventions:
Needle syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy for preventing hepatitis C transmission in people who inject drugs
1. Buprenorphine 2. Opiate Substitution Therapy 3. Needle-Exchange Program 4. Methadone
Interventions:
Direct‐acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C
1. Direct Acting Antivirals
Interventions:
Ursodeoxycholic acid for cystic fibrosis‐related liver disease
1. Oral 2. Ursodeoxycholic Acid