anurajms/meta_analysis huggingface dataset:
comparison group:
Antibiotics for treating urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and non‐pregnant women
1. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating fractures of the middle third of the clavicle
1. Ultrasound therapy 2. Adjunctive Care 3. Shoulder Strapping 4. Physiotherapy 5. Sling 6. Application Of Clavicular Bandage 7. Splint
comparison group:
Oral H1 antihistamines as ‘add‐on’ therapy to topical treatment for eczema
1. Placebo 2. Administration Of Substance Via Topical Route
comparison group:
Inpatient versus outpatient care, partial hospitalisation and waiting list for people with eating disorders
1. Hospital Based Outpatient Care 2. Day Hospital Care 3. Usual Care 4. Inpatient Care 5. Waiting list control 6. Outpatient Care Management
comparison group:
Adverse events in people taking macrolide antibiotics versus placebo for any indication
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Adrenaline and vasopressin for cardiac arrest
1. Epinephrine 2. Placebo 3. High Dose 4. Vasopressin
comparison group:
Postoperative epidural analgesia versus systemic analgesia for thoraco‐lumbar spine surgery in children
1. Postoperative 2. Analgesics
comparison group:
Antiamoebic drugs for treating amoebic colitis
1. Placebo 2. Antiamebic Drug Prophylaxis
comparison group:
Potentiators (specific therapies for class III and IV mutations) for cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Transfusion of red blood cells stored for shorter versus longer duration for all conditions
1. Red Blood Cell Transfusion
comparison group:
Interventions for treating wrist fractures in children
1. Bandage 2. Closed Reduction Of Fracture 3. Cast 4. Splint
comparison group:
First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning
1. First Aid
comparison group:
Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment
1. Placebo 2. Sedation
comparison group:
Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus
1. Insulin (human)
comparison group:
Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
1. Preventive 2. Probiotics 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Liberal versus conservative fluid therapy in adults and children with sepsis or septic shock
1. Management Of Fluid Therapy
comparison group:
Dressings and topical agents for preventing pressure ulcers
1. Preventive 2. Application Of Topical Agent To Skin 3. Wound dressing 4. Usual Care 5. Pressure Ulcer Prevention
comparison group:
Oral and intrauterine progestogens for atypical endometrial hyperplasia
1. Placebo 2. Progestogens 3. Medroxyprogesterone 4. Megestrol 5. Oral 6. Hydroxyprogesterone
comparison group:
Inhaled steroids with and without regular salmeterol for asthma: serious adverse events
1. Corticosteroids - Inhaled 2. Inhaled
comparison group:
Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis
1. Appendectomy
comparison group:
Oral isotretinoin for acne
1. Placebo 2. Isotretinoin
comparison group:
Omega‐3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy
1. Placebo 2. N-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation
comparison group:
Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Protocol‐directed sedation versus non‐protocol‐directed sedation in mechanically ventilated intensive care adults and children
1. Sedation Management 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans to prevent hospital readmission for acute exacerbations in children with chronic respiratory illness
1. Discharge Planning
comparison group:
One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health
1. Oral Hygiene Education 2. Dental Clinic
comparison group:
Biocompatible dialysis fluids for peritoneal dialysis
1. Peritoneal dialysis solution
comparison group:
Carbamazepine versus phenobarbitone monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review
1. Phenobarbital 2. Carbamazepine
comparison group:
Oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review
1. Phenytoin
comparison group:
Leukotriene receptor antagonists for eczema
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for preventing and treating cardiac complications in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy and X‐linked dilated cardiomyopathy
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome
1. Education, Social Care or Health Professional 2. Communication Interventions 3. Usual Care 4. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Dietary modifications for infantile colic
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Eszopiclone for insomnia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychological interventions for needle‐related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care 4. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents
1. Drug Therapy 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Antibiotics for treating scrub typhus
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use
comparison group:
Insulin and glucose‐lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis
1. Corticosteroids - Otological 2. Nasal 3. Antifungals For Systemic Use 4. Placebo 5. Corticosteroids - Systemic use 6. Oral 7. Antifungal Antibiotics, Topical
comparison group:
Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
1. Water 2. Early Treatment 3. Nasogastric 4. Delayed Treatment 5. Nasal 6. Preterm Infant Formula 7. Colostrum 8. Breast Milk
comparison group:
Head‐to‐head trials of antibiotics for bronchiectasis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use
comparison group:
Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical lower limb ischaemia patients
1. Stem Cell Therapy
comparison group:
Impact of medication reconciliation for improving transitions of care
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Drugs for treating Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans disease)
1. Placebo 2. Regimes And Therapies
comparison group:
Client feedback in psychological therapy for children and adolescents with mental health problems
1. Psychotherapy
comparison group:
Xenon as an adjuvant to therapeutic hypothermia in near‐term and term newborns with hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy
1. Hypothermia Treatment
comparison group:
E‐Health interventions for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with long‐term physical conditions
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Attention Placebo Control 4. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Enteral nutrition for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Enteral nutrition 2. Mesalazine 3. Mercaptopurine
comparison group:
Sodium valproate versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review
1. Valproate
comparison group:
Needle size for vaccination procedures in children and adolescents
1. Needle
comparison group:
Vitamin A and beta (β)‐carotene supplementation for cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill people
1. Isotonic Solutions 2. Hypertonic Solutions
comparison group:
Antibiotics for prolonged wet cough in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Treatment for chronic methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus pulmonary infection in people with cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Ear drops for the removal of ear wax
1. Water 2. Sodium Bicarbonate 3. Ceruminolytic agent 4. Hydrogen Peroxide 5. Ear drops 6. Saline 7. Olive Oil 8. Ear wax removal 9. Almond Oil
comparison group:
Parent‐mediated communication interventions for improving the communication skills of preschool children with non‐progressive motor disorders
1. Education, Social Care or Health Professional 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control 4. Communication Skills Training
comparison group:
Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by humanitarian crises
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Attention Placebo Control 4. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Effects of total fat intake on bodyweight in children
1. Restricting Food Intake
comparison group:
Negative pressure wound therapy for open traumatic wounds
1. Negative Pressure Wound Dressing
comparison group:
Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in people on anticoagulants undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review
1. Lamotrigine
comparison group:
Pharmacological treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with comorbid tic disorders
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Antibiotics for exacerbations of asthma
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Early planned removal versus expectant management of peripherally inserted central catheters to prevent infection in newborn infants
1. Expectant Management 2. Removal Of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
comparison group:
Local anaesthetics and regional anaesthesia versus conventional analgesia for preventing persistent postoperative pain in adults and children
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Nurse‐led versus doctor‐led care for bronchiectasis
1. Disease Management Program 2. Medical Doctor
comparison group:
Immunosuppressive drug therapy for preventing rejection following lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis
1. Preventive 2. Placebo 3. Immunosuppressive Therapy For Transplant
comparison group:
Dual antibiotics for bronchiectasis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use
comparison group:
Ribavirin for treating Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever
1. Delayed Treatment 2. Intravenous 3. Oral 4. Ribavirin
comparison group:
Continuous versus intermittent antibiotics for bronchiectasis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Prophylaxis 3. Continuous Administration
comparison group:
Intramuscular versus oral corticosteroids to reduce relapses following discharge from the emergency department for acute asthma
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic 2. Oral
comparison group:
Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1. Sham Intervention 2. Physical therapy exercises 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Mirtazapine adjunct for people with schizophrenia
1. Adjunct 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Educational interventions for improving primary caregiver complementary feeding practices for children aged 24 months and under
1. Usual Care 2. Infant Nutrition Education
comparison group:
Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Cyclamen europaeum extract for acute sinusitis
1. Corticosteroids - Nasal preparations 2. Nasal 3. Placebo 4. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Placebo 3. Prophylaxis 4. Expectant Management 5. Adenoidectomy
comparison group:
Early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Lower versus higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth
1. Oxygen 2. High Dose
comparison group:
Cyclodestructive procedures for non‐refractory glaucoma
1. Argon Laser Photocoagulation 2. Diode Laser
comparison group:
Smectite for acute infectious diarrhoea in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for infantile haemangiomas of the skin
1. Active Monitoring 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Honey for acute cough in children
1. Honey 2. Placebo 3. Antitussive agent 4. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Glucocorticosteroid‐free versus glucocorticosteroid‐containing immunosuppression for liver transplanted patients
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic 2. Immunosuppressant
comparison group:
Ivermectin and permethrin for treating scabies
1. Permethrin 2. Systemic 3. Topical 4. Ivermectin
comparison group:
Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Corticosteroids - Otological 2. Enteral nutrition
comparison group:
Early intervention (mobilization or active exercise) for critically ill adults in the intensive care unit
1. Intensive Care Unit 2. Inspiratory Muscle Training 3. Respiratory Muscle Training 4. Therapeutic mobilization 5. Physical therapy exercises 6. Usual Care
comparison group:
Oral versus inhaled antibiotics for bronchiectasis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Inhaled
comparison group:
Nutritional supplements for patients being treated for active visceral leishmaniasis
1. Diet Education 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Vascular access specialist teams for device insertion and prevention of failure
1. Vascular Device
comparison group:
Immunoglobulin for alloimmune hemolytic disease in neonates
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Laryngeal mask airway versus bag‐mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
1. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 2. Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation Via Bag And Mask 3. Endotracheal intubation
comparison group:
Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Prophylaxis 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Systemic corticosteroids for acute otitis media in children
1. Placebo 2. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) and Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system for supporting caregivers and improving outcomes in caregivers and their infants
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Interventions for preventing high altitude illness: Part 2. Less commonly‐used drugs
1. Placebo 2. Acetazolamide
comparison group:
Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis
1. Postural Drainage Therapy
comparison group:
Provision of respiratory support compared to no respiratory support before cord clamping for preterm infants
1. Delayed Cord Clamping 2. Umbilical Cord Milking
comparison group:
Endovascular revascularisation versus conservative management for intermittent claudication
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Antibiotics at the time of removal of central venous catheter to reduce morbidity and mortality in newborn infants
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants
1. Amino Acid for Parenteral Nutrition 2. Low Dose
comparison group:
Beta‐blockers for prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control 4. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Slow‐release fluoride devices for the control of dental decay
1. Topical application of fluoride 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Prostaglandin E1 for maintaining ductal patency in neonates with ductal‐dependent cardiac lesions
1. Placebo 2. Repair Of Patent Ductus Arteriosus 3. Alprostadil 4. Stent
comparison group:
Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
BIS monitoring versus clinical assessment for sedation in mechanically ventilated adults in the intensive care unit and its impact on clinical outcomes and resource utilization
1. Intensive Care Unit 2. Monitored anesthesia care
comparison group:
Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
1. Preventive 2. Warming Blanket 3. Active Radiant Warming Of Infant 4. Infant Incubator 5. Warming Mattress 6. Usual Care 7. Control Of Room Temperature
comparison group:
Oral vitamin D supplementation for adults with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery
1. Vitamin D 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Midwife continuity of care models versus other models of care for childbearing women
1. Shared Care 2. Obstetrician 3. General Practitioner 4. Healthcare Professional 5. Antenatal Care
comparison group:
Antioxidants for adults with chronic kidney disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease
1. Probiotics 2. Non-Pharmacological Interventions 3. Placebo 4. Prebiotics
comparison group:
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age‐related macular degeneration
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Dance movement therapy for dementia
1. Dance Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for people with overweight or obesity
1. High glycemic index diet 2. High glycemic load diet
comparison group:
Serenoa repens for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic enlargement
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Non‐Chinese herbal medicines for functional dyspepsia
1. H2-receptor Antagonists 2. Placebo 3. Prokinetic Agent 4. Usual Care 5. Proton pump inhibitor
comparison group:
Antidepressants for smoking cessation
1. Antidepressants 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity
1. Low Dose 2. Caffeine
comparison group:
The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain
1. Educational Material 2. Placebo 3. Exercise therapy 4. Manual Therapy 5. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Ultrasound and shockwave therapy for acute fractures in adults
1. Sham Intervention 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Altered dietary salt intake for preventing diabetic kidney disease and its progression
1. High-sodium diet
comparison group:
Yoga for chronic non‐specific low back pain
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Upper limb exercise for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people requiring permanent haemodialysis access
1. Surgery
comparison group:
Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation for impairment and disability in people after stroke
1. Sham Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation
comparison group:
Acupuncture for treating overactive bladder in adults
1. Sham Intervention 2. Conservative Therapy 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Listening to music for insomnia in adults
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Marine‐derived n‐3 fatty acids therapy for stroke
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Antioxidants for male subfertility
1. Antioxidants 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychological treatments for depression and anxiety in dementia and mild cognitive impairment
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis
1. Sham Intervention 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Calcium supplementation for prevention of primary hypertension
1. Placebo
comparison group:
High versus low‐added sugar consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Dietary Regime 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease‐related malnutrition in adults
1. Diet Education 2. Usual Care 3. Nutritional supplement
comparison group:
Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Mindfulness‐based psychological interventions for improving mental well‐being in medical students and junior doctors
1. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Roselle for hypertension in adults
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Humour‐based interventions for people with schizophrenia
1. Psychosocial intervention 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Cannabinoids for the treatment of dementia
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Chinese herbal medicine for subfertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
1. Diet Education 2. Placebo 3. Exercise therapy 4. Unilateral Ovarian Drilling 5. Bilateral Ovarian Drilling 6. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Ginseng for erectile dysfunction
1. Placebo 2. Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Probiotics for preventing gestational diabetes
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Vegan dietary pattern for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
1. Dietary Regime 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure
1. Coenzyme Q10 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Intermittent fasting for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Souvenaid for Alzheimer's disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride
1. Salty Food
comparison group:
Acupuncture for chronic nonspecific low back pain
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Melatonin for preoperative and postoperative anxiety in adults
1. Benzodiazepine 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Iron chelators for acute stroke
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving activities of daily living, and physical and cognitive functioning, in people after stroke
1. Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
comparison group:
Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Low protein diets for non‐diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease
1. Preventive 2. Low Protein Diet - Prophylaxis 3. Protein Food
comparison group:
Magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Antioxidants for female subfertility
1. Antioxidants 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Aromatherapy for dementia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Therapeutic ultrasound for chronic low back pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Tea tree oil for Demodex blepharitis
1. Shampoo 2. Eyelid Solution
comparison group:
Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis‐related outcomes
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chelation therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Omega‐3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Diet Education 2. Placebo 3. Low Dose 4. N-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation
comparison group:
Electrical stimulation for treating pressure ulcers
1. Sham Intervention
comparison group:
Omega‐3 and omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids for dry eye disease
1. Artificial tears 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients
1. Psychosocial Intervention Strategy 2. Psychosocial Care 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Animal‐assisted therapy for dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
1. Usual Care 2. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Xiao Chai Hu Tang, a herbal medicine, for chronic hepatitis B
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for pityriasis rosea
1. Drug vehicle 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Acupuncture for chronic hepatitis B
1. Sham Intervention
comparison group:
Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome
1. Placebo 2. Lifestyle Adjustment Training 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder
1. Preventive 2. Melatonin 3. Light Therapy 4. Antidepressants 5. Placebo 6. Agomelatine 7. Activity Of Daily Living Procedures And Interventions
comparison group:
Acetyl‐L‐carnitine for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in adults with aphasia after stroke
1. Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation 2. Speech And Language Therapy Regime
comparison group:
Yoga as part of a package of care versus non‐standard care for schizophrenia
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Radix Sophorae flavescentis versus no intervention or placebo for chronic hepatitis B
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Herbal medicinal products or preparations for neuropathic pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder
1. Preventive 2. Melatonin 3. Light Therapy 4. Antidepressants 5. Placebo 6. Activity Of Daily Living Procedures And Interventions 7. Agomelatine 8. Waiting list control 9. Therapeutic Air Ionizer, Stationary
comparison group:
Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Dietary Regime 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Yoga for treating urinary incontinence in women
1. Pelvic Floor Exercises 2. Lifestyle education
comparison group:
Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Iron for the treatment of restless legs syndrome
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Restriction of salt, caffeine and alcohol intake for the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome
1. Restricted Alcohol Diet 2. Restricted Caffeine Diet
comparison group:
Single herbal medicine for diabetic retinopathy
1. Placebo 2. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Acupuncture for symptomatic gastroparesis
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Traditional Chinese herbal medicine for vascular dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture and related interventions for the treatment of symptoms associated with carpal tunnel syndrome
1. Corticosteroids - Opthamological and Otological 2. Physiotherapy 3. Placebo 4. Decompression Of Median Nerve 5. Injection 6. Splint
comparison group:
Omega‐6 fats for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Low Polyunsaturated Fat Food 2. Diet Education 3. Placebo 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture for hypertension
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Cannabis for the treatment of Crohn's disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Rutosides for prevention of post‐thrombotic syndrome
1. Rutoside
comparison group:
Rutosides for treatment of post‐thrombotic syndrome
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis
1. Placebo 2. Low Dose 3. Usual Care 4. Vitamin D and analogues
comparison group:
Art therapy for people with dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for family carers of people with dementia
1. Emotional And Psychosocial Support And Education 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Prescribed hypocaloric nutrition support for critically‐ill adults
1. Intensive Care Unit 2. Hypercaloric Nutrition
comparison group:
Immersion in water during labour and birth
1. Medical Examination Under Hypnosis 2. Biofeedback Procedure 3. Placebo 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐invasive brain stimulation techniques for chronic pain
1. Sham Intervention
comparison group:
Acupuncture for acute stroke
1. Sham Intervention 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour
1. Water 2. Hypnotherapy 3. Water Birth Delivery 4. Biofeedback Procedure 5. Placebo 6. Relaxation Program 7. Aromatherapy 8. Usual Care
comparison group:
Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour
1. Water 2. Hypnotherapy 3. Biofeedback Procedure 4. Relaxation Program 5. Patient Warming Therapy 6. Neuromuscular Procedure 7. Acupressure 8. Water Birth Delivery 9. Placebo 10. Aromatherapy 11. Body Massage 12. Shiatsu 13. Acupuncture 14. Usual Care 15. Osteopathy 16. Musculoskeletal System Manipulation 17. Chiropractic Manipulation 18. Reflexology
comparison group:
Oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency
1. Intramuscular 2. Administration Of Vitamin B12
comparison group:
Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture for depression
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Antidepressants 3. Placebo 4. Usual Care 5. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates
1. Intravenous 2. Prophylaxis 3. Oral 4. Vitamin K
comparison group:
Vitamin E for antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Respiratory muscle training for multiple sclerosis
1. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation 2. Physiotherapy 3. Functional Rehabilitation
comparison group:
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile‐associated diarrhea in adults and children
1. Placebo 2. Steroid Prophylaxis
comparison group:
Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise
1. Antioxidants 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Acupuncture for neuropathic pain in adults
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women
1. Antifungals For Systemic Use
comparison group:
Music therapy for depression
1. Music Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Combined diet and exercise interventions for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus
1. Physical therapy exercises 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for fibromyalgia in adults
1. Hydrotherapy 2. Electroacupuncture 3. Placebo 4. Waiting list control 5. Heat Therapy
comparison group:
Yoga for epilepsy
1. Relaxation Training Therapy 2. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
comparison group:
Yoga as part of a package of care versus standard care for schizophrenia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Yoga versus non‐standard care for schizophrenia
1. Talking therapy 2. Exercise therapy 3. Expressive therapy
comparison group:
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for neuropathic pain in adults
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Pharmacological and mechanical interventions for labour induction in outpatient settings
1. Placebo 2. Expectant Management 3. Induction Of Labor
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Whole grain cereals for the primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Refined Carbohydrate Food
comparison group:
Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events
1. Folic Acid 2. Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin And Analogues) 3. Placebo 4. Vitamin B6
comparison group:
Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Dietary Regime
comparison group:
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration
1. Placebo 2. Vitamins
comparison group:
Deep brain and cortical stimulation for epilepsy
1. Excision Of Epileptogenic Focus 2. Placebo 3. Neurostimulation Procedure 4. Antiepileptics
comparison group:
Continuous support for women during childbirth
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Wendan decoction (Traditional Chinese medicine) for schizophrenia
1. Antipsychotics 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia‐like disorders
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Branched‐chain amino acids for people with hepatic encephalopathy
1. Lactulose 2. Placebo 3. Antibiotic Therapy 4. Food
comparison group:
Therapeutic ultrasound for venous leg ulcers
1. Sham Ultrasound 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Effect of cocoa on blood pressure
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Arginine supplementation for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
L‐carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of human milk for preterm infants
1. Breast Milk
comparison group:
Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus
1. Diet Education 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Probiotics for people with hepatic encephalopathy
1. Placebo 2. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Acupuncture for acute hordeolum
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Music interventions for acquired brain injury
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Topical capsaicin (high concentration) for chronic neuropathic pain in adults
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus
1. Diet Education 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants
1. Infant Formula
comparison group:
Nutrient‐enriched formula versus standard formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge
1. Term Infant Formula
comparison group:
Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults
1. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation 2. Placebo 3. Non-Surgical Interventions 4. Sham Electrical Stimulation
comparison group:
Zinc supplementation for the prevention of pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Oral Astragalus (Huang qi) for preventing frequent episodes of acute respiratory tract infection in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people
1. Antifibrinolytic Amino Acid 2. Placebo 3. Energy Supplementation 4. Protein Supplements 5. Mineral Supplements 6. Vitamin IV Solution Additives
comparison group:
Zinc supplementation for tinnitus
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) for treatment of constipation in children
1. Neuromuscular Stimulation 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
1. Sham hyperbaric oxygen therapy
comparison group:
Methods of milk expression for lactating women
1. Pump Extraction Of Milk From Lactating Breast 2. Manual Extraction Of Milk From Lactating Breast
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in infants one to six months of age
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for children with specific learning disorders
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Routine vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of blindness due to measles infection in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants
1. Kangaroo Care 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short‐ and long‐term morbidity in very low birth weight infants
1. Vitamin A 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients
1. Oil 2. Fish Oil 3. Statins
comparison group:
Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug‐resistant epilepsy
1. Placebo 2. Antiepileptics
comparison group:
Cycled light in the intensive care unit for preterm and low birth weight infants
1. Darkness 2. Continuous Bright Light 3. Light Reduction
comparison group:
Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for idiopathic Parkinson's disease
1. Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
comparison group:
Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis
1. Dietary Needs Education 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Acupuncture and related interventions for symptoms of chronic kidney disease
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture for the prevention of episodic migraine
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Migraine Prophylaxis 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Tai Chi for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Hypnosis for pain management during labour and childbirth
1. Analgesic Technique 2. Analgesics 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage
1. Preventative intervention 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care 4. Vitamin IV Solution Additives
comparison group:
Yoga for asthma
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture for the prevention of tension‐type headache
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Omega‐3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Padma 28 for intermittent claudication
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Melatonin for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women
1. Multivitamins, Combinations 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Dietary advice for people with schizophrenia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Dietary supplements for dysmenorrhoea
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Puerarin for ischaemic stroke
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Antioxidant treatments for schizophrenia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chinese herbal medicines for unexplained recurrent miscarriage
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment and prevention of migraine and cluster headache
1. Sham Intervention 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care 4. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
comparison group:
Interventions for central serous chorioretinopathy: a network meta‐analysis
1. Argon Laser Photocoagulation 2. Diode Laser 3. Photodynamic Therapy 4. Antineovascularisation Agents
comparison group:
Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
1. Preventive 2. Sham Acupuncture
comparison group:
Ozone therapy for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes
1. Application Of Topical Agent To Skin 2. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 3. Sham Ozone Therapy 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes
1. Placebo 2. Vitamins, Other Combinations
comparison group:
Yoga versus standard care for schizophrenia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Cordyceps sinensis (a traditional Chinese medicine) for kidney transplant recipients
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interventions for preventing and treating low‐back and pelvic pain during pregnancy
1. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation 2. Multi-modality Physical Therapy System 3. Kinesthesiometer 4. Manual Therapy 5. Leather 6. Yoga 7. Acupuncture 8. Usual Care 9. Therapeutic Exercise
comparison group:
Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Nutrient supplementation
comparison group:
Nut consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Leaflet provision
comparison group:
Vitamin K for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy
1. Nausea And Vomiting Care Management 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Nutritional supplement
comparison group:
Electromagnetic therapy for treating pressure ulcers
1. Sham Electromagnetic Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Massage for low‐back pain
1. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation 2. Manipulation 3. Placebo 4. Physiotherapy 5. Therapeutic mobilization 6. Usual Care 7. Physical therapy exercises 8. Acupuncture 9. Traction 10. Self-care Patient Education 11. Relaxation Therapy Session
comparison group:
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for schizophrenia
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Alginate dressings for venous leg ulcers
1. Application Of Topical Agent To Skin 2. Wound Management Dressing 3. Wound dressing 4. Wound And Ulcer Preparations
comparison group:
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for phantom pain and stump pain following amputation in adults
1. Sham Intervention 2. Non-Pharmacological Interventions 3. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Effects of total fat intake on body weight
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Selenium supplementation for critically ill adults
1. Nutrient supplementation
comparison group:
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Supplementation with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) to breastfeeding mothers for improving child growth and development
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Capsaicin for non‐allergic rhinitis
1. Nasal 2. Capsaicin 3. Placebo 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Pilates for low back pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Electromagnetic therapy for treating venous leg ulcers
1. Sham Electromagnetic Therapy
comparison group:
Massage therapy for preventing pressure ulcers
1. Sham Massage
comparison group:
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for acute pain
1. Sham Intervention 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Qigong for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Indirect Encounter 2. Health Promotion
comparison group:
Vitamin K for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver diseases
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chinese herbal medicine for treating recurrent urinary tract infections in women
1. Biomedicine 2. Placebo 3. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Zinc supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults with insulin resistance
1. Placebo 2. Zinc
comparison group:
Oral protein calorie supplementation for children with chronic disease
1. Nutrition education 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Alginate dressings for treating pressure ulcers
1. Application Of Topical Agent To Skin 2. Calcium Alginate Dressing 3. Wound Management Dressing 4. Wound dressing 5. Wound And Ulcer Preparations
comparison group:
Tong‐xin‐luo capsule for patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
1. Administration Of Medication 2. Placebo
comparison group:
L‐acetylcarnitine for treating fragile X syndrome
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chelation for autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Vitamin D for the treatment of chronic painful conditions in adults
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Saline nasal irrigation for acute upper respiratory tract infections
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Feverfew for preventing migraine
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Exercise programs for people with dementia
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing or slowing the progression of age‐related macular degeneration
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Quinine for muscle cramps
1. Vitamin E 2. Placebo 3. Injection 4. Lidocaine 5. Quinine 6. Theophylline
comparison group:
Reiki for depression and anxiety
1. Sham Intervention 2. Exercise therapy 3. Placebo 4. Usual Care 5. Waiting list control 6. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults
1. Xylitol 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Honey as a topical treatment for wounds
1. Application Of Topical Agent To Skin 2. Wound Management Dressing 3. Wound dressing 4. Wound And Ulcer Preparations
comparison group:
Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain
1. Sham Muscle Energy Technique
comparison group:
Morita therapy for anxiety disorders in adults
1. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Dance movement therapy for depression
1. Dance Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Ganoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chinese herbal medicines for hypothyroidism
1. Thyroid Hormones 2. Placebo 3. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Acupuncture for mumps in children
1. Sham Acupuncture 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Homeopathic Oscillococcinum® for preventing and treating influenza and influenza‐like illness
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Complementary therapies for acne vulgaris
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin B and its derivatives for diabetic kidney disease
1. B Vitamins 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Mailuoning for acute ischaemic stroke
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Immunonutrition as an adjuvant therapy for burns
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Creatine for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Cordyceps sinensis (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Ephedrine for myasthenia gravis, neonatal myasthenia and the congenital myasthenic syndromes
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
NA
1. Analgesics 2. Oral
comparison group:
Music interventions for mechanically ventilated patients
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Co‐enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Garlic for the common cold
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Decongestants, antihistamines and nasal irrigation for acute sinusitis in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Probiotics for preventing ventilator‐associated pneumonia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Acupuncture for schizophrenia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Cannabis and schizophrenia
1. Antipsychotics 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Acupuncture for functional dyspepsia
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for panic disorder in adults
1. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 2. Sham Intervention 3. Electroconvulsive therapy
comparison group:
Glutamine supplementation for critically ill adults
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Oral zinc for arterial and venous leg ulcers
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Antioxidants for pain in chronic pancreatitis
1. Antioxidants 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Chinese herbal medicines for treating skin and soft‐tissue infections
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care