anurajms/meta_analysis huggingface dataset:
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Non‐antistreptococcal interventions for acute guttate psoriasis or an acute guttate flare of chronic psoriasis
All randomised controlled trials assessing the effects of treatments for acute guttate psoriasis or an acute guttate flare of chronic psoriasis clinically diagnosed in children and adults. This included all topical and systemic drugs, biological therapy, phototherapy (all forms: topical and systemic), and complementary and alternative therapies. We compared these treatments against placebo or against another treatment. We did not include studies on drugs that aim to eradicate streptococcal infection. We did not include studies when separate results for guttate psoriasis participants were not available.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis
We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing antistreptococcal interventions (tonsillectomy or systemic antibiotic treatment) in people with clinically diagnosed acute guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis compared with placebo, no intervention, or each other.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of structured and systematic pressure ulcer risk assessment tools with no structured pressure ulcer risk assessment, or with unaided clinical judgement, or RCTs comparing the use of different structured pressure ulcer risk assessment tools.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Support surfaces for treating pressure ulcers
We included published or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs), that assessed the effects of support surfaces for treating pressure ulcers, in any participant group or setting.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Education of healthcare professionals for preventing pressure ulcers
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs, that evaluated the effect of any educational intervention delivered to healthcare staff in any setting to prevent pressure ulceration.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Foam dressings for treating pressure ulcers
Published or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs, that compared the clinical and cost effectiveness of foam wound dressings for healing pressure ulcers (Category/Stage II or above).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Systemic antibiotics for treating malignant wounds
Randomised controlled trials that assessed the effects of any systemic antibiotics on malignant wounds were eligible for inclusion.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Anabolic steroids for treating pressure ulcers
Published or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of anabolic steroids with alternative treatments or different types of anabolic steroids in the treatment of pressure ulcers.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Scalpel versus electrosurgery for major abdominal incisions
Studies considered in this analysis were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared electrosurgery to scalpel for creating abdominal incisions during major open abdominal surgery. Incisions could be any orientation (vertical, oblique, or transverse) and surgical setting (elective or emergency). Electrosurgical incisions were made through major layers of the abdominal wall, including subcutaneous tissue and the musculoaponeurosis (a sheet of connective tissue that attaches muscles), regardless of the technique used to incise the skin and peritoneum. Scalpel incisions were made through major layers of abdominal wall including skin, subcutaneous tissue, and musculoaponeurosis, regardless of the technique used to incise the abdominal peritoneum. Primary outcomes analysed were wound infection, time to wound healing, and wound dehiscence. Secondary outcomes were postoperative pain, wound incision time, wound‐related blood loss, and adhesion or scar formation.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus
We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of drugs to treat people with DLE in any population group and of either gender. Comparisons included any drug used for DLE against either another drug or against placebo cream. We excluded laser treatment, surgery, phototherapy, other forms of physical therapy, and photoprotection as we did not consider them drug treatments.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Emollients and moisturisers for eczema
Randomised controlled trials in people with eczema.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Wound drainage for lower limb arterial surgery
We considered randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the use of any type of drain in lower limb arterial surgery.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Bed rest for pressure ulcer healing in wheelchair users
We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs that evaluated the impact of bed rest on healing pressure ulcers in wheelchair users.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antibiotics and antiseptics for pressure ulcers
Randomised controlled trials which enrolled adults with pressure ulcers of stage II or above were included in the review.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions for acne scars
We include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which allocated participants (whether split‐face or parallel arms) to any active intervention (or a combination) for treating acne scars. We excluded studies dealing only or mostly with keloid scars.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antibiotics and antiseptics for surgical wounds healing by secondary intention
Randomised controlled trials which enrolled adults with a surgical wound healing by secondary intention and assessed treatment with an antiseptic or antibiotic treatment. Studies enrolling people with skin graft donor sites were not included, neither were studies of wounds with a non‐surgical origin which had subsequently undergone sharp or surgical debridement or other surgical treatments or wounds within the oral or aural cavities.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Surgical hand antisepsis to reduce surgical site infection
Randomised controlled trials comparing surgical hand antisepsis of varying duration, methods and antiseptic solutions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Anti‐TNF agents for paediatric psoriasis
All relevant RCTs that evaluated the efficacy and safety of anti‐TNF agents for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis in individuals less than 18 years of age.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of all interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Wound‐care teams for preventing and treating pressure ulcers
We considered RCTs that evaluated the effect of any configuration of wound‐care teams in the treatment or prevention of pressure ulcers.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Oral fumaric acid esters for psoriasis
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of FAE, including DMF monotherapy, in individuals of any age and sex with a clinical diagnosis of psoriasis.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Negative pressure wound therapy for treating surgical wounds healing by secondary intention
Published or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of NPWT with alternative treatments or different types of NPWT in the treatment of SWHSI. We excluded open abdominal wounds from this review as they are the subject of a separate Cochrane review that is in draft.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions for rosacea
Randomised controlled trials in people with moderate to severe rosacea.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Randomised controlled trials evaluating the use of preoperative skin antiseptics applied immediately prior to incision in clean surgery. There was no restriction on the inclusion of reports based on language of publication, date or publication status.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions for vitiligo
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of treatments for vitiligo.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Repositioning for treating pressure ulcers
We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing repositioning with no repositioning, or RCTs comparing different repositioning techniques, or RCTs comparing different repositioning frequencies for the review. Controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were only to be considered in the absence of RCTs.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Negative pressure wound therapy for partial‐thickness burns
All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that evaluated the safety and effectiveness of NPWT for partial‐thickness burns.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Recombinant human growth hormone for treating burns and donor sites
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing rhGH with any comparator intervention, e.g. oxandrolone or placebo, in adults or children with burns.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of wearing or removing finger rings and nail polish on the efficacy of the surgical scrub and postoperative wound infection rate.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Topical agents and dressings for fungating wounds
Eligible studies comprised randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or, in their absence, controlled clinical trials (CCTs) with a concurrent control group.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Pressure‐relieving devices for treating heel pressure ulcers
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of pressure‐relieving devices on the healing of pressure ulcers of the heel. Participants were treated in any care setting. Interventions were any pressure‐relieving devices including mattresses and specific heel devices.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Narrow‐band ultraviolet B phototherapy versus broad‐band ultraviolet B or psoralen‐ultraviolet A photochemotherapy for psoriasis
We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared NB‐UVB phototherapy with BB‐UVB or PUVA for treating psoriasis, which included chronic plaque psoriasis (CPP), guttate psoriasis (GP), and palmoplantar psoriasis (PPP).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing burn wound infection
All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of BWI. Quasi‐randomised studies were excluded.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use in low‐ and middle‐income countries
All RCTs comparing an indicated prevention or treatment intervention (pharmacologic or psychosocial) versus a control condition for people with harmful alcohol use in LMICs were included.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Baclofen for alcohol use disorder
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of at least four weeks' treatment duration and 12 weeks' overall study duration comparing baclofen for AUD treatment with placebo, no treatment or other treatments.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Opioid agonist treatment for people who are dependent on pharmaceutical opioids
We included RCTs with adults and adolescents examining maintenance opioid agonist treatments that made the following two comparisons.1. Full opioid agonists (methadone, morphine, oxycodone, levo‐alpha‐acetylmethadol (LAAM), or codeine) versus different full opioid agonists or partial opioid agonists (buprenorphine) for maintenance treatment.2. Full or partial opioid agonist maintenance versus non‐opioid agonist treatments (detoxification, opioid antagonist, or psychological treatment without opioid agonist treatment).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Music therapy for people with substance use disorders
We included randomised controlled trials comparing MT plus standard care to standard care alone, or MT plus standard care to active intervention plus standard care for people with SUD.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Strategies to improve smoking cessation rates in primary care
We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs (cRCTs) carried out in primary care, including non‐pregnant adults. Studies investigated a strategy or strategies to improve the implementation or success of smoking cessation treatment in primary care. These strategies could include interventions designed to increase or enhance the quality of existing support, or smoking cessation interventions offered in addition to standard care (adjunctive interventions). Intervention strategies had to be tested in addition to and in comparison with standard care, or in addition to other active intervention strategies if the effect of an individual strategy could be isolated. Standard care typically incorporates physician‐delivered brief behavioral support, and an offer of smoking cessation medication, but differs across studies. Studies had to measure smoking abstinence at six months' follow‐up or longer.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions to reduce tobacco use in people experiencing homelessness
We included randomized controlled trials that recruited people experiencing homelessness who used tobacco, and investigated interventions focused on the following: 1) improving access to relevant support services; 2) increasing motivation to quit tobacco use; 3) helping people to achieve abstinence, including but not limited to behavioral support, tobacco cessation pharmacotherapies, contingency management, and text‐ or app‐based interventions; or 4) encouraging transitions to long‐term nicotine use that did not involve tobacco. Eligible comparators included no intervention, usual care (as defined by the studies), or another form of active intervention.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Dihydrocodeine for detoxification and maintenance treatment in individuals with opiate use disorders
We included randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effect of DHC for detoxification and maintenance substitution therapy for adolescent (aged 15 years and older) and adult illicit opiate users.The primary outcomes were abstinence from illicit opiate use following detoxification or maintenance therapy measured by self‐report or urinalysis. The secondary outcomes were treatment retention and other health and behaviour outcomes.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Smoking cessation intervention for reducing disease activity in chronic autoimmune inflammatory joint diseases
We included randomised controlled trials testing any form of smoking cessation intervention for adult daily smokers with a diagnosis of IJD, and measuring smoking cessation at least six months after baseline.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Additional behavioural support as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation
Randomised or quasi‐randomised controlled trials in which all participants received pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and conditions differed by the amount or type of behavioural support. The intervention condition had to involve person‐to‐person contact (defined as face‐to‐face or telephone). The control condition could receive less intensive personal contact, a different type of personal contact, written information, or no behavioural support at all. We excluded trials recruiting only pregnant women and trials which did not set out to assess smoking cessation at six months or longer.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Cognitive‐behavioural treatment for amphetamine‐type stimulants (ATS)‐use disorders
Eligibility criteria consisted of RCTs and quasi‐RCTs comparing CBT versus other types of interventions with adult ATS users (aged 18 years or older) diagnosed by any explicit diagnostic system. Primary outcomes included abstinence rate and other indicators of drug‐using behaviours.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antidepressants for the treatment of people with co‐occurring depression and alcohol dependence
Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials comparing antidepressants alone or in association with other drugs or psychosocial interventions (or both) versus placebo, no treatment, and other pharmacological or psychosocial interventions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of brief interventions to reduce hazardous or harmful alcohol consumption in people attending general practice, emergency care or other primary care settings for reasons other than alcohol treatment. The comparison group was no or minimal intervention, where a measure of alcohol consumption was reported. 'Brief intervention' was defined as a conversation comprising five or fewer sessions of brief advice or brief lifestyle counselling and a total duration of less than 60 minutes. Any more was considered an extended intervention. Digital interventions were not included in this review.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling populations
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of digital interventions compared with no intervention or with face‐to‐face interventions for reducing hazardous or harmful alcohol consumption in people living in the community and reported a measure of alcohol consumption.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Opioid antagonists with minimal sedation for opioid withdrawal
We included randomised and quasi‐randomised controlled clinical trials along with prospective controlled cohort studies comparing opioid antagonists plus minimal sedation versus other approaches or different opioid antagonist regimens for withdrawal in opioid‐dependent participants.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Supervised dosing with a long‐acting opioid medication in the management of opioid dependence
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and prospective controlled cohort studies, involving people who are receiving OST (methadone, buprenorphine) and comparing supervised dosing with dispensing of medication to be consumed away from the dispensing point, usually without supervision.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Psychostimulant drugs for cocaine dependence
We included randomised parallel group controlled clinical trials comparing the efficacy of a psychostimulant drug versus placebo.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Psychosocial interventions for cannabis use disorder
All randomised controlled studies examining a psychosocial intervention for cannabis use disorder (without pharmacological intervention) in comparison with a minimal or inactive treatment control or alternative combinations of psychosocial interventions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Alpha2‐adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal
Randomised controlled trials comparing alpha2‐adrenergic agonists (clonidine, lofexidine, guanfacine, tizanidine) with reducing doses of methadone, symptomatic medications or placebo, or comparing different alpha2‐adrenergic agonists to modify the signs and symptoms of withdrawal in participants who were opioid dependent.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence
All randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials with focus on the use of any antipsychotic medication for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Dopamine agonists for the treatment of cocaine dependence
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing dopamine agonists alone or associated with psychosocial intervention with placebo, no treatment or other pharmacological interventions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Anticonvulsants for cocaine dependence
All randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that focus on the use of anticonvulsant medications to treat individuals with cocaine dependence.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Universal school‐based prevention for illicit drug use
Randomised controlled trials (RCT) evaluating school‐based interventions designed to prevent illicit drugs use.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Restricting or banning alcohol advertising to reduce alcohol consumption in adults and adolescents
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, controlled before‐and‐after studies and interrupted time series (ITS) studies that evaluated the restriction or banning of alcohol advertising via any format including advertising in the press, on the television, radio, or internet, via billboards, social media or product placement in films. The data could be at the individual (adults or adolescent) or population level.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Maintenance treatments for opiate ‐dependent adolescents
Randomised and controlled clinical trials of any maintenance pharmacological interventions either alone or associated with psychosocial intervention compared with no intervention, placebo, other pharmacological intervention, pharmacological detoxification or psychosocial intervention in adolescents (13 to 18 years).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Anticonvulsants for alcohol dependence
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing anticonvulsants alone or in association with other drugs and/or psychosocial interventions versus placebo, no treatment and other pharmacological or psychosocial interventions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence
Randomised controlled trials of buprenorphine maintenance treatment versus placebo or methadone in management of opioid‐dependent persons.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Efficacy of psychostimulant drugs for amphetamine abuse or dependence
All randomised, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group clinical trials investigating the efficacy or safety of psychostimulants for amphetamine dependence or abuse conducted in an outpatient setting.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults
We included randomized controlled trials involving adults aged 18 years or older with non‐neurogenic OAB. We excluded studies of participants whose symptoms were caused by factors outside the urinary tract (e.g. neurologic disorders, cognitive impairment, gynecologic diseases).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Oestrogen therapy for treating pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi‐RCTs, multi‐arm RCTs, and cross‐over RCTs that evaluated the effects of oestrogen therapy (alone or in combination with other treatments) versus placebo, no treatment, or other interventions in postmenopausal women with any grade of POP.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Conservative interventions for managing urinary incontinence after prostate surgery
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐RCTs of adult men (aged 18 or over) with UI following prostate surgery for treating prostate cancer or LUTS/BPO. We excluded cross‐over and cluster‐RCTs. We investigated the following key comparisons: PFMT plus biofeedback versus no treatment; sham treatment or verbal/written instructions; combinations of conservative treatments versus no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instructions; and electrical or magnetic stimulation versus no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instructions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We included parallel‐group randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs of participants with BPH who underwent TUMT.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Anticholinergics combined with alpha‐blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic obstruction
We included randomized controlled trials. Inclusion criteria were men with LUTS secondary to BPO, ages 40 years or older, and a total International Prostate Symptom Score of 8 or greater. We excluded trials of men with a known neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, or central nervous system disease, and those examining medical therapy for men who were treated with surgery for BPO. We performed three comparisons: combination therapy versus placebo, combination therapy versus alpha‐blockers monotherapy, and combination therapy versus anticholinergics monotherapy.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We included parallel‐group randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster‐RCTs, and non‐randomised observational prospective studies with concurrent comparison groups, in which men with BPH underwent convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy, another active therapy, or a sham procedure.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Bipolar versus monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared monopolar and bipolar TURP in men (> 18 years) for management of LUTS secondary to BPO.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We included parallel group randomized controlled trials (RCTs). While we planned to include non‐RCTs if RCTs had provided low‐certainty evidence for a given outcome and comparison, we could not find any non‐RCTs.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Physical activity for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction
We included published and unpublished randomised controlled and controlled clinical trials that included men diagnosed with LUTS/BPO. We excluded studies in which medical history suggested non‐BPO causes of LUTS or prior invasive therapies to physical activity or that used electrical stimulation.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antimicrobial agents for preventing urinary tract infections in adults undergoing cystoscopy
We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi‐RCTs that compared any prophylactic antibiotic versus placebo, no treatment, or other non‐antibiotic prophylaxis in adults undergoing cystoscopy. There was no restriction on the dose, frequency, formulation, duration, or mode of administration of the antibiotics.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Ureteral stent versus no ureteral stent for ureteroscopy in the management of renal and ureteral calculi
We included trials in which researchers randomised participants undergoing uncomplicated ureteroscopy to placement of a ureteral stent versus no ureteral stent.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We considered for inclusion in this systematic review randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PDEIs versus placebo, ABs, or 5‐ARIs for at least four weeks in men with BPH‐LUTS.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We included all parallel RCTs. We also included cross‐over design trials.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Non‐pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
We included randomised controlled trials. Inclusion criteria were men with a diagnosis of CP/CPPS. We included all available non‐pharmacological interventions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women
We included randomised or quasi‐randomised controlled trials of ES with non‐implanted devices compared with any other treatment for SUI in women. Eligible trials included adult women with SUI or stress‐predominant mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). We excluded studies of women with urgency‐predominant MUI, urgency urinary incontinence only, or incontinence associated with a neurologic condition. We would have included economic evaluations had they been conducted alongside eligible trials.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
We included all parallel, randomized controlled trials. We also included cross‐over designs.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men
We included randomised or quasi‐randomised trials. Inclusion criteria were men with nocturia defined as one or more voids per night. We excluded trials of children or adults with primary or secondary enuresis or underlying distinct disorders.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Surgery versus non‐surgical management for unilateral ureteric‐pelvic junction obstruction in newborns and infants less than two years of age
We selected randomised and quasi‐randomised controlled trials comparing surgical with non‐surgical interventions for the treatment of unilateral UPJO.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Antimicrobial therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis
We included all randomized controlled comparisons of one antimicrobial agent versus placebo or one or more comparator antimicrobial agents, combined or not with non‐antimicrobial drugs. We also included trials comparing different doses, treatment durations, dosing frequencies, or routes of administration of antimicrobial agents. We excluded studies in which patients were not diagnosed according to internationally recommended criteria, or were not subjected to lower urinary tract segmented tests.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Reconstructive surgery for treating pressure ulcers
Published or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed reconstructive surgery in the treatment of pressure ulcers.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi‐RCTs that recruited adults with open fractures of the major long bones, comparing: 1) timings of prophylactic antibiotic treatment, 2) duration of prophylactic antibiotic treatment, 3) timing of wound debridement following injury or 4) timing of the stages of reconstructive surgery.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Reactive air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers
We included randomised controlled trials that allocated participants of any age to reactive air beds, overlays or mattresses. Comparators were any beds, overlays or mattresses that were applied for preventing pressure ulcers.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection
We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of participants undergoing surgical procedures in which the use of a particular type of intraoperative washout (irrigation or lavage) was the only systematic difference between groups, and in which wounds underwent primary closure. The primary outcomes were SSI and wound dehiscence. Secondary outcomes were mortality, use of systemic antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, adverse events, re‐intervention, length of hospital stay, and readmissions.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Topical phenytoin for treating pressure ulcers
We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing the effects (both benefits and harms) of topical phenytoin on the healing of pressure ulcers of any grade compared with placebo or alternative treatments or no therapy, irrespective of blinding, language, and publication status.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Interventions for treating gas gangrene
We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐RCTs that compared one treatment for gas gangrene with another treatment, or with no treatment.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Dressings and securement devices for central venous catheters (CVC)
We included randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effects of dressing and securement devices for CVCs. All types of CVCs were included, i.e. short‐ and long‐term CVCs, tunnelled and non‐tunnelled, port‐a‐caths, haemodialysis catheters, and peripherally‐inserted central catheters (PICCs).
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Devices and dressings to secure peripheral venous catheters to prevent complications
RCTs or cluster RCTs comparing different dressings or securement devices for the stabilisation of PVCs. Cross‐over trials were ineligible for inclusion, unless data for the first treatment period could be obtained.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Perioperative corticosteroids for preventing complications following facial plastic surgery
We included RCTs that compared the administration of perioperative systemic corticosteroids with another intervention, no intervention or placebo in facial plastic surgery.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Continuous versus interrupted skin sutures for non‐obstetric surgery
We included only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared skin closure using continuous sutures with skin closure using interrupted sutures, irrespective of whether there were differences in the nature of the suture materials used in the two groups. We included all relevant RCTs in the analysis, irrespective of language of publication, publication status, publication year or sample size.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins
We evaluated all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effect on infection and other complication rates of different methods of cleansing or dressing orthopaedic percutaneous pin sites.
Provide selection criteria that should be included in the study
Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of prophylactic antimicrobials during PEG tube placement, with no restrictions regarding language of publication, date of publication, or publication status. Both review authors independently selected studies.