anurajms/meta_analysis huggingface dataset:
comparison group:
Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy
1. Endoscopy Training Model
comparison group:
Home parenteral nutrition for people with inoperable malignant bowel obstruction
1. Prescribed Dietary Intake 2. Intravenous fluids and electrolytes 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Communication skills training for healthcare professionals working with people who have cancer
1. Alternative Communication Technique Education
comparison group:
Pembrolizumab monotherapy versus chemotherapy for treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma with disease progression during or following platinum‐containing chemotherapy. A Cochrane Rapid Review
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Anticoagulation for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in people with cancer
1. Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy 2. Fondaparinux 3. Unfractionated Heparin Therapy
comparison group:
Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Anticoagulation for people with cancer and central venous catheters
1. Direct acting anticoagulant 2. Parenteral 3. Placebo 4. Anticoagulant therapy 5. Vitamin K Antagonists
comparison group:
Primary cryotherapy for localised or locally advanced prostate cancer
1. Sham Intervention 2. Radical Prostatectomy 3. External Beam With Internal Radiotherapy 4. Brachytherapy Of Prostate Using Fluoroscopic Guidance 5. Active Surveillance
comparison group:
Stent placement versus surgical palliation for adults with malignant gastric outlet obstruction
1. Palliative surgery
comparison group:
Hormone replacement therapy for women previously treated for endometrial cancer
1. Placebo 2. Progestogens
comparison group:
Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Hyperbaric oxygenation for tumour sensitisation to radiotherapy
1. Radiotherapy 2. Sensitizers Used In Photodynamic/radiation Therapy
comparison group:
Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas
1. Chemotherapy 2. Intravenous 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Breast surgery for metastatic breast cancer
1. Systemic
comparison group:
Oral water soluble contrast for malignant bowel obstruction
1. Placebo 2. Supportive care 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer
1. Ghrelin 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents to induce regression and prevent the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Influenza vaccines in immunosuppressed adults with cancer
1. Placebo 2. Vaccine
comparison group:
Physical activity for women with breast cancer after adjuvant therapy
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Selenium for preventing cancer
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple brain metastases
1. Stereotactic Radiosurgery Of Brain Tissue 2. Whole Brain Radiation Therapy 3. Steroid therapy 4. High Dose
comparison group:
Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic cancers
1. Radiotherapy Planning 2. Placebo 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Gefitinib
comparison group:
Bisphosphonates for advanced prostate cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Tumour bed boost radiotherapy for women after breast‐conserving surgery
1. Whole Breast Radiation Therapy
comparison group:
Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications
1. Preventive 2. Layer Closure Procedure 3. Interrupted Suture Technique 4. Non-absorbable Suture 5. Multifilament Suture
comparison group:
Bisphosphonates and other bone agents for breast cancer
1. Delayed Treatment 2. Placebo 3. Drugs Affecting Bone Structure And Mineralization 4. Bisphosphonates
comparison group:
Lymphadenectomy for the management of endometrial cancer
1. Pelvic Lymph Nodes Sampling 2. Pelvic Lymphadenectomy
comparison group:
Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) alone versus WBRT and radiosurgery for the treatment of brain metastases
1. Whole Brain Radiation Therapy
comparison group:
Pancreaticojejunostomy versus pancreaticogastrostomy reconstruction for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy
1. Pancreaticojejunostomy
comparison group:
Intravesical electromotive drug administration for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
1. Transurethral resection of bladder tumour 2. Chemotherapy 3. Placebo 4. BCG vaccine
comparison group:
Laparoscopic and robotic‐assisted versus open radical prostatectomy for the treatment of localised prostate cancer
1. Radical Prostatectomy
comparison group:
Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole to prevent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
1. Analgesics 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Retinoic acid postconsolidation therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
1. Chemotherapy 2. Placebo 3. Transplantation Of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell
comparison group:
Home‐based multidimensional survivorship programmes for breast cancer survivors
1. Multidimensional Survivorship Program 2. Usual Care 3. Waiting list control 4. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Chemoradiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy plus surgery for esophageal cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine for recurrent high‐grade glioma
1. Procarbazine 2. Chemotherapy 3. Placebo 4. Lomustine 5. Electrical stimulation 6. Temozolomide 7. Supportive Counseling 8. Vincristine 9. Angiogenesis inhibitor
comparison group:
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for cancer‐related pain in children and adolescents
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Opioids for cancer‐related pain in children and adolescents
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychosocial interventions for fatigue during cancer treatment with palliative intent
1. Usual Care 2. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Oral nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for cancer pain in adults
1. Analgesics 2. Opioids 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) for cancer pain
1. Opioids 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Corticosteroids for adult patients with advanced cancer who have nausea and vomiting (not related to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery)
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Antiemetics And Antinauseants
comparison group:
Retroperitoneal drainage versus no drainage after pelvic lymphadenectomy for the prevention of lymphocyst formation in women with gynaecological malignancies
1. Pelvic Lymphadenectomy
comparison group:
Ketamine as an adjuvant to opioids for cancer pain
1. Opioids 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Platinum‐containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Early palliative care for adults with advanced cancer
1. Delayed Treatment 2. Palliative Care 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Focal laser treatment in addition to chemotherapy for retinoblastoma
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Drug therapy for symptoms associated with anxiety in adult palliative care patients
1. Drug Therapy 2. Counseling 3. Placebo 4. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 5. Relaxation Therapy Session
comparison group:
Tramadol with or without paracetamol (acetaminophen) for cancer pain
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
1. Cancer immunotherapy 2. Interleukins 3. Interferon 4. BCG vaccine
comparison group:
Partial nephrectomy versus radical nephrectomy for clinical localised renal masses
1. Radical Nephrectomy
comparison group:
Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Biopsy versus resection for the management of low‐grade gliomas
1. Surgical Removal
comparison group:
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation following high‐dose chemotherapy for nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas
1. Chemotherapy 2. Standard Dose
comparison group:
Online support groups for women with breast cancer
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for treating non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
1. BCG vaccine 2. Intravesical
comparison group:
External beam radiotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for raising breast cancer awareness in women
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Methadone for cancer pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
1. Irinotecan 2. Oxaliplatin 3. Placebo 4. Leucovorin 5. Fluorouracil
comparison group:
Immediate referral to colposcopy versus cytological surveillance for minor cervical cytological abnormalities in the absence of HPV test
1. Colposcopy
comparison group:
Antibiotics for infection prevention after excision of the cervical transformation zone
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Dietary fibre for the prevention of recurrent colorectal adenomas and carcinomas
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Axillary treatment for operable primary breast cancer
1. Simple mastectomy 2. Simple Mastectomy With Axillary Lymph Node Sampling 3. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Fulvestrant for hormone‐sensitive metastatic breast cancer
1. Aromatase Inhibitors 2. Chemotherapy 3. Tamoxifen
comparison group:
Yoga for improving health‐related quality of life, mental health and cancer‐related symptoms in women diagnosed with breast cancer
1. Usual Care 2. Attention Placebo Control 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
1. Combined Radiotherapy 2. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Nipple‐ and areola‐sparing mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer
1. Modified Radical Mastectomy
comparison group:
Educational interventions for the management of cancer‐related fatigue in adults
1. Waiting list control 2. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Adjuvant platinum‐based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Radiation Oncology And/or Radiotherapy 3. Adjuvant
comparison group:
Benzodiazepines for the relief of breathlessness in advanced malignant and non‐malignant diseases in adults
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle weakness in adults with advanced disease
1. Placebo 2. Physical therapy exercises 3. Sham Electrical Stimulation
comparison group:
Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for FIGO stage I ovarian cancer
1. Laparotomy For Staging Of Ovarian Cancer
comparison group:
Exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Therapeutic exercises for affecting post‐treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced‐stage head and neck cancers
1. Sham Intervention 2. Physical therapy exercises 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment due to systemic cancer treatment
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Sun protection for preventing basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Pain relief for women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing colposcopy treatment
1. Pain Relief
comparison group:
Hypofractionated radiation therapy for early breast cancer
1. Postoperative 2. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Intracystic bleomycin for cystic craniopharyngiomas in children
1. Surgery 2. Placebo 3. Adjuvant 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for the treatment of relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Placebo 2. Chemotherapeutic Agent
comparison group:
Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults
1. Chemotherapy 2. Usual Care 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Massage with or without aromatherapy for symptom relief in people with cancer
1. Body Massage
comparison group:
Follow‐up strategies for women treated for early breast cancer
1. General Practitioner 2. Surveillance 3. Laboratory procedure
comparison group:
High‐dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for women with early poor prognosis breast cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Different types of implants for reconstructive breast surgery
1. Reconstruction Of Breast With Immediate Insertion Of Breast Prosthesis 2. Breast Implantation
comparison group:
Stents for the prevention of pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy
1. Stent
comparison group:
Non‐surgical interventions for late rectal problems (proctopathy) of radiotherapy in people who have received radiotherapy to the pelvis
1. Sucralfate 2. Pentoxifylline 3. Other Antibacterials 4. Corticosteroids - Opthamological and Otological 5. Coagulation 6. Placebo 7. Aminosalicylic Acid And Derivatives 8. Formaldehyde 9. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy 10. Fatty Acid Derivatives
comparison group:
Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia
1. Hospital 2. Food
comparison group:
Oral morphine for cancer pain
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo 3. Morphine
comparison group:
Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum
1. Colonoscopy 2. Endoscopy
comparison group:
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment
1. Surgery Care Management 2. Chemotherapy 3. Placebo 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer
1. Distal Subtotal Pancreatectomy
comparison group:
Laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy for gastric cancer
1. Gastrectomy
comparison group:
Opioids for the palliation of refractory breathlessness in adults with advanced disease and terminal illness
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Laparoscopic versus open transhiatal oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer
1. Trans-hiatal Esophagectomy
comparison group:
Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐surgical versus surgical treatment for oesophageal cancer
1. Esophagectomy
comparison group:
Very early discharge versus early discharge versus non‐early discharge in children with cancer and febrile neutropenia
1. Discharge Planning
comparison group:
Pylorus‐preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (pp Whipple) versus pancreaticoduodenectomy (classic Whipple) for surgical treatment of periampullary and pancreatic carcinoma
1. Pancreaticoduodenectomy
comparison group:
Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and progression‐free survival in patients with advanced and/or metastatic colorectal cancer
1. Irinotecan
comparison group:
End‐of‐life care pathways for improving outcomes in caring for the dying
1. End Of Life Care Planning
comparison group:
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy versus percutaneous radiological gastrostomy for swallowing disturbances
1. Insertion Of Percutaneous Gastrojejunostomy Tube Using Radiologic Guidance
comparison group:
Antiemetic medication for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in childhood
1. Placebo 2. Antiemetics And Antinauseants
comparison group:
Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chemotherapy for resistant or recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the initial management of primary epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Intraperitoneal 2. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Interval debulking surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Adjuvant
comparison group:
Localization techniques for guided surgical excision of non‐palpable breast lesions
1. Excision Of Lesion Of Breast Using Wire Guidance
comparison group:
Adjuvant (post‐surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Cannabinoids for nausea and vomiting in adults with cancer receiving chemotherapy
1. Placebo 2. Dopamine Agonists
comparison group:
Stapler versus scalpel resection followed by hand‐sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant for distal pancreatectomy
1. Cutting Stapler 2. Hand-sewn closure
comparison group:
Levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Haloperidol for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Chemotherapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer in the elderly population
1. Platinum Combination Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Acupuncture for cancer pain in adults
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
High‐dose chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic stem cell rescue for children with high‐risk neuroblastoma
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Cyclophosphamide versus ifosfamide for paediatric and young adult bone and soft tissue sarcoma patients
1. Chemotherapy 2. Ifosfamide
comparison group:
Oral tapentadol for cancer pain
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy
1. Fluid therapy 2. Usual Care 3. Nutritional Support
comparison group:
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation after primary brain tumour treatment
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Spinal cord stimulation for cancer‐related pain in adults
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Taxane‐containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy versus nasogastric tube feeding for adults with swallowing disturbances
1. Nasogastric Tube
comparison group:
Rapid COJEC versus standard induction therapies for high‐risk neuroblastoma
1. Induction Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Interventions for cough in cancer
1. Drug Therapy 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by lymph node dissection for localised primary cutaneous melanoma
1. D1 Lymph Node Dissection 2. Observational Assessment 3. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
comparison group:
Laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Laetrile treatment for cancer
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Buprenorphine for treating cancer pain
1. Buprenorphine 2. Placebo 3. Drug Therapy
comparison group:
Chewing gum for postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Conservative interventions for preventing clinically detectable upper‐limb lymphoedema in patients who are at risk of developing lymphoedema after breast cancer therapy
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Percutaneous ethanol injection or percutaneous acetic acid injection for early hepatocellular carcinoma
1. Percutaneous Tumour Ablation
comparison group:
Palliative radiotherapy regimens for patients with thoracic symptoms from non‐small cell lung cancer
1. Palliative Course Of Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Dance/movement therapy for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Follow‐up strategies after treatment (large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ)) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN): Impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) test
1. Sampling Of Vagina For Papanicolaou Smear After Hysterectomy For Malignant Disease 2. Human Papillomavirus Screening
comparison group:
Minimally invasive surgery versus open surgery for the treatment of solid abdominal and thoracic neoplasms in children
1. Exploratory Thoracotomy 2. Laparotomy
comparison group:
Chemotherapy for children with medulloblastoma
1. Procedure On Brain 2. Chemotherapy 3. Low Dose 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Adjuvant chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Long‐term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the development of gastric pre‐malignant lesions
1. Placebo 2. Histamine H2 antagonist 3. Endoscopic anti-reflux treatment
comparison group:
Droperidol for treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chemotherapy with cetuximab versus chemotherapy alone for chemotherapy‐naive advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Colony‐stimulating factors for chemotherapy‐induced febrile neutropenia
1. Placebo 2. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
High dose rate versus low dose rate intracavity brachytherapy for locally advanced uterine cervix cancer
1. Intracavitary Brachytherapy 2. Low Dose 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Treatment including anthracyclines versus treatment not including anthracyclines for childhood cancer
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Treatment of severe or progressive Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV‐infected adults
1. Antiretroviral Therapy
comparison group:
Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy compared with luteinising hormone–releasing hormone agonists or surgical castration monotherapy for advanced prostate cancer
1. Male Castration
comparison group:
Impact of morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone or codeine on patient consciousness, appetite and thirst when used to treat cancer pain
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Surgical treatment of stage IA2 cervical cancer
1. Radical Trachelectomy With Bilateral Total Pelvic Lymphadenectomy And Paraaortic Lymph Node Biopsy 2. Radical Hysterectomy
comparison group:
Surgery versus primary endocrine therapy for operable primary breast cancer in elderly women (70 years plus)
1. Endocrine Therapy
comparison group:
Adjuvant treatment of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas
1. Surgery
comparison group:
Adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced endometrial cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Adjuvant 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Medically assisted nutrition for adult palliative care patients
1. Placebo 2. Supportive care 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
1. Total Mesorectal Excision
comparison group:
Surgical interventions for high‐grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia
1. Observation Regime
comparison group:
Surgery or radiosurgery plus whole brain radiotherapy versus surgery or radiosurgery alone for brain metastases
1. Surgery 2. Stereotactic Radiosurgery
comparison group:
Resection versus other treatments for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
1. Palliative Care
comparison group:
De‐escalation treatment protocols for human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
1. Chemotherapy 2. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Exenterative surgery for recurrent gynaecological malignancies
1. Chemotherapy 2. Combined Chemotherapy And Radiation Therapy 3. Expectant Management 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Combination versus sequential single agent chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer
1. Sequential chemotherapy
comparison group:
Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer
1. Supportive care
comparison group:
Post‐operative radiotherapy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
1. Breast Conserving Surgery
comparison group:
Patient‐reported outcome measures for follow‐up after gynaecological cancer treatment
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for first‐line treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Chemotherapy
comparison group:
Oral versus intravenous antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients
1. Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy versus radical abdominal hysterectomy for the treatment of early cervical cancer
1. Radical Abdominal Hysterectomy
comparison group:
Perioperative nutrition interventions for women with ovarian cancer
1. Nutrition Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Cervico‐thoracic or lumbar sympathectomy for neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndrome
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychosocial interventions for patients with head and neck cancer
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Maintenance chemotherapy for ovarian cancer
1. Cancer immunotherapy 2. Postoperative Course Of Radiotherapy 3. Maintenance Therapy
comparison group:
Beta‐lactam versus beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy in cancer patients with neutropenia
1. Intravenous 2. Aminoglycoside Antibacterials 3. Beta-lactam Antibacterials, Penicillins 4. Other Beta-lactam Antibacterials
comparison group:
Interventions for cutaneous Bowen's disease
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interferon alpha for the adjuvant treatment of cutaneous melanoma
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of home palliative care services for adults with advanced illness and their caregivers
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interferon after surgery for women with advanced (Stage II‐IV) epithelial ovarian cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Fibrin glue instillation under skin flaps to prevent seroma‐related morbidity following breast and axillary surgery
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Sequencing of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for early breast cancer
1. Chemotherapy 2. Adjuvant 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Temozolomide for high grade glioma
1. Chemotherapy 2. Temozolomide 3. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Megestrol acetate for treatment of anorexia‐cachexia syndrome
1. Placebo 2. Drug Therapy 3. Megestrol Acetate
comparison group:
Pre‐treatment surgical para‐aortic lymph node assessment in locally advanced cervical cancer
1. Diagnostic Procedure
comparison group:
Multidimensional rehabilitation programmes for adult cancer survivors
1. Multiple Component Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy after surgery for uterine carcinosarcoma
1. Chemotherapy 2. Surgery 3. Supportive care 4. Radiotherapy
comparison group:
Chemotherapy for metastatic and recurrent cervical cancer
1. Supportive care
comparison group:
Interventions for reducing anxiety in women undergoing colposcopy
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Chemotherapy for malignant germ cell ovarian cancer in adult patients with early stage, advanced and recurrent disease
1. Chemotherapy 2. Supportive care
comparison group:
Chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone in non‐small cell lung cancer
1. Surgery
comparison group:
Topical anti‐inflammatory treatments for eczema: network meta‐analysis
1. Drug vehicle 2. Placebo 3. Emollient
comparison group:
Non‐invasive high‐frequency ventilation in newborn infants with respiratory distress
1. Invasive Ventilation 2. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation
comparison group:
Oral killed cholera vaccines for preventing cholera
1. Placebo 2. Vaccine
comparison group:
Topical and oral steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Vaccination
comparison group:
Corrector therapies (with or without potentiators) for people with cystic fibrosis with class II CFTR gene variants (most commonly F508del)
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis
1. Antibacterials For Systemic Use
comparison group:
Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children
1. Non-surgical treatment 2. Tympanostomy 3. Hearing Aid 4. Active Surveillance
comparison group:
Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children
1. Placebo 2. Expectant Management
comparison group:
Methylxanthine for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Anti‐seizure medications for neonates with seizures
1. Anticonvulsants
comparison group:
Immunoglobulin treatment for hospitalised infants and young children with respiratory syncytial virus infection
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Immunomodulatory interventions for focal epilepsy
1. Placebo 2. Immunostimulants 3. Antiepileptics
comparison group:
Higher versus lower sodium intake for preterm infants
1. Low Sodium Diet
comparison group:
Superoxide dismutase for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants
1. Aminophylline 2. Theophylline
comparison group:
Psychological interventions for depression in adolescent and adult congenital heart disease
1. Sham Intervention 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates
1. Sucrose 2. Infant Oral Pacifier 3. Placebo 4. Glucose 5. Positioning Patient
comparison group:
Specific psychological therapies versus other therapies or no treatment for severe and enduring anorexia nervosa
1. Antipsychotics 2. Antidepressants 3. Usual Care 4. Waiting list control 5. Dietary counseling
comparison group:
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) or non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, alone or combined, for pain relief in acute otitis media in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
High flow nasal cannula for respiratory support in term infants
1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation 2. Oxygen Therapy
comparison group:
Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Perioperative glycaemic control for people with diabetes undergoing surgery
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Early nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm infants
1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Nasal Oxygen Cannula 2. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation
comparison group:
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for apnoea of prematurity
1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation 2. Usual Care 3. Mechanical ventilation
comparison group:
Vedolizumab for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Mobile phone‐based interventions for improving contraception use
1. Clinic 2. Counseling
comparison group:
Infant isolation and cohorting for preventing or reducing transmission of healthcare‐associated infections in neonatal units
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome
1. Placebo 2. Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill
comparison group:
Opioids for procedural pain in neonates
1. Skin-to-skin contact 2. Swaddling 3. Analgesics 4. Opioids 5. Music Therapy 6. Placebo 7. Sweet solution 8. Non-nutritive sucking 9. Sedative
comparison group:
Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants
1. Oral Motor Stimulation 2. Sham Intervention 3. Stroking Massage 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Routine monitoring of gastric residual for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
1. Evaluation Of Gastrointestinal Tract
comparison group:
Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Antivirals for prevention of hepatitis B virus mother‐to‐child transmission in human immunodeficiency virus positive pregnant women co‐infected with hepatitis B virus
1. Placebo 2. Antiviral Therapy
comparison group:
Hand hygiene for the prevention of infections in neonates
1. Hand washing
comparison group:
Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse in children and adolescents: a network meta‐analysis
1. Adjunctive Care 2. Psychotherapy
comparison group:
Alemtuzumab for multiple sclerosis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interventions for the symptoms and signs resulting from jellyfish stings
1. Placebo 2. Active control
comparison group:
Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis
1. Anti-bacterial agent 2. Intravenous 3. Placebo 4. Oral 5. Usual Care 6. Inhaled
comparison group:
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for autistic spectrum disorders
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Interleukin‐6 blocking agents for treating COVID‐19: a living systematic review
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Prebiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Lactoferrin for the postoperative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in neonates
1. Endotracheal intubation
comparison group:
Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants
1. Oxygen 2. Oxygen Nasal Cannula 3. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation 4. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
comparison group:
Conventional chest physiotherapy compared to other airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
1. Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique 2. Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure Physiotherapy 3. Exercise 4. Autogenic Pulmonary Drainage 5. High-pressure positive expiratory pressure therapy 6. Oscillatory device 7. Positive End Expiratory Pressure Therapy
comparison group:
Antiseptic solutions for skin preparation during central catheter insertion in neonates
1. Antiseptics 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Personalised interventions for subgroups of children with conduct problems
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
1. Autologous fecal microbiota transplant 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care
comparison group:
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Airway clearance techniques compared to no airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates
1. Fixed schedule 2. Opioids 3. Enteral 4. Intravenous Bolus
comparison group:
Nebulised hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants
1. Inhaled Bronchodilator Therapy 2. Saline 3. Usual Care 4. Inhaled
comparison group:
Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates
1. Skin-to-skin contact 2. Swaddling 3. Analgesics 4. Placebo 5. Music Therapy 6. Sweet solution 7. Non-nutritive sucking
comparison group:
Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old
1. Chest Physiotherapy 2. Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique 3. Usual Care 4. Drainage Procedure
comparison group:
Bubble devices versus other pressure sources for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants
1. Ventilator 2. Infant Flow Driver CPAP
comparison group:
Zinc supplementation for preventing mortality, morbidity, and growth failure in children aged 6 months to 12 years
1. Placebo 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus
1. Botulinum Toxin 2. Strabismus Surgery 3. Orthoptic Training 4. Ophthalmic Prism
comparison group:
Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
1. Corticosteroids
comparison group:
Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema
1. Placebo 2. Eye Patch 3. Inpatient Care 4. Ambulatory Care
comparison group:
Ultrasound‐guided arterial cannulation in the paediatric population
1. Palpation 2. Doppler Probe 3. Arterial Cannula Insertion
comparison group:
Ataluren and similar compounds (specific therapies for premature termination codon class I mutations) for cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Systemic opioids versus other analgesics and sedatives for postoperative pain in neonates
1. Skin-to-skin contact 2. Swaddling 3. Analgesics 4. Opioids 5. Placebo 6. Music Therapy 7. Sugar solution 8. Non-nutritive sucking
comparison group:
Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Catheter insertion techniques for improving catheter function and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients
1. Fluoroscopic guided peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion 2. Laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion 3. Open surgical peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion 4. Peritoneoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion 5. Percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion
comparison group:
Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Stem cell‐based interventions for the prevention and treatment of intraventricular haemorrhage and encephalopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
1. Placebo 2. Mesenchymal stromal cells 3. Stem Cell Therapy
comparison group:
Antibiotics for chronic pulmonary infection in children with a neurodisability (neurodevelopmental disorder)
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities
1. Usual Care 2. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Vitamin D for the management of asthma
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Active cycle of breathing technique for cystic fibrosis
1. Chest Physiotherapy 2. Autogenic Pulmonary Drainage 3. Positive Expiratory Pressure Mask Physiotherapy 4. Inspiratory/expiratory Limb Respiratory Tubing 5. High frequency oscillatory device 6. High Frequency Chest Compression Vest Physiotherapy 7. Physical therapy exercises
comparison group:
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses
1. Preventive 2. Transmission-based Precautions
comparison group:
Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation
1. Bone Immobilization 2. Physiotherapy Manipulation 3. Rehabilitation Therapy 4. Electrotherapy 5. Education 6. Manual Therapy 7. Immobilization Physiotherapy 8. Physical therapy exercises 9. Strapping Procedure 10. Brace 11. Splint
comparison group:
Vitamin D as an adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of acute childhood pneumonia
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in people with cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care 3. Bisphosphonates
comparison group:
Glucocorticoids for croup in children
1. Glucocorticoids - Systemic 2. Epinephrine 3. Placebo
comparison group:
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants
1. Cyclo-oxygenase Inhibitor 2. Ibuprofen 3. Placebo 4. Indomethacin
comparison group:
Late (≥ 7 days) inhaled corticosteroids to reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Vaccines for the common cold
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Homeopathic medicinal products for preventing and treating acute respiratory tract infections in children
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Interventions for the eradication of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in people with cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Family‐centred interventions for Indigenous early childhood well‐being by primary healthcare services
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Ultrasound guidance versus landmark method for peripheral venous cannulation in adults
1. Anatomic Landmarks
comparison group:
Bioengineered nerve conduits and wraps for peripheral nerve repair of the upper limb
1. Microsurgical Repair Of Peripheral Nerve 2. Nerve Graft 3. Peripheral Neuroanastomosis 4. Artificial Conduit 5. Nerve Wrap
comparison group:
Statins for Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome
1. Bile acid supplementation 2. Cholesterol
comparison group:
Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis
1. Anti-bacterial agent 2. Placebo 3. Usual Care 4. Inhaled
comparison group:
Pharmacological interventions for pain and sedation management in newborn infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia
1. Placebo 2. Music Therapy 3. Sweet solution 4. Non-nutritive sucking 5. Massage 6. Acupuncture
comparison group:
Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Biomarkers as point‐of‐care tests to guide prescription of antibiotics in people with acute respiratory infections in primary care
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors for juvenile idiopathic arthritis‐associated uveitis
1. Placebo 2. Methotrexate
comparison group:
Splinting for the non‐operative management of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in children under six months of age
1. Waiting list control 2. Splint
comparison group:
Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children
1. Corticosteroids - Inhaled 2. Asthma Action Care Planning
comparison group:
Laser therapy for treating hypertrophic and keloid scars
1. Therapeutic Procedure
comparison group:
Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis
1. Appetite Stimulants
comparison group:
Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients
1. Herbal medicine 2. Probiotics 3. Immunosuppressant 4. Diet Education 5. Placebo 6. Behavioral Therapy 7. Educational Therapy 8. Synbiotics 9. Vitamins 10. Antibiotic Therapy 11. Prebiotics 12. Traditional Chinese Medicine
comparison group:
Fluvoxamine for the treatment of COVID‐19
1. Dexamethasone 2. Placebo 3. Remdesivir 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Water for wound cleansing
1. Water 2. Saline
comparison group:
Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients
1. Immunosuppressive Therapy 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Adding rapid diagnostic tests to community‐based programmes for treating malaria
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Stiripentol add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
1. Placebo 2. Antiepileptics
comparison group:
D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections
1. Placebo 2. Mannose
comparison group:
Strategies for enhancing the implementation of school‐based policies or practices targeting diet, physical activity, obesity, tobacco or alcohol use
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Memantine for autism spectrum disorder
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs)
1. Dental Or Oral Splint 2. Attention Placebo Control
comparison group:
Physical activity and exercise training in cystic fibrosis
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Inhaled antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis
1. Placebo 2. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for asthma
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Child protection training for professionals to improve reporting of child abuse and neglect
1. Waiting list control 2. Skills Training
comparison group:
Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis
1. Inhaled Bronchodilator Therapy 2. Placebo
comparison group:
Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis
1. Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique 2. Autogenic Pulmonary Drainage 3. Exercise therapy 4. Oscillatory device 5. Postural Drainage Therapy
comparison group:
Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in hospitalized children
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
1. Placebo 2. Antibiotic Therapy
comparison group:
Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income countries
1. Sham Intervention 2. Placebo 3. Waiting list control
comparison group:
Music therapy for autistic people
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Care delivery and self‐management strategies for children with epilepsy
1. Usual Care
comparison group:
Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Negative pressure wound therapy for surgical wounds healing by primary closure
1. Wound dressing
comparison group:
Fortification of salt with iron and iodine versus fortification of salt with iodine alone for improving iron and iodine status
1. Iodized salt
comparison group:
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children
1. Sham Intervention
comparison group:
Prophylactic cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor drugs for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta‐analysis
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries
1. Conditional Cash Transfers 2. Lower Middle Income Country
comparison group:
Oral dextrose gel for the treatment of hypoglycaemia in newborn infants
1. Placebo 2. Intermittent Intravenous Infusion Of Therapeutic Substance 3. Glucose 4. Usual Care
comparison group:
Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Systemic interventions for treatment of Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and SJS/TEN overlap syndrome
1. Placebo 2. Systemic 3. Symptom Management
comparison group:
Synbiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants
1. Placebo 2. Usual Care
comparison group:
Extended‐release methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Clonazepam monotherapy for treating people with newly diagnosed epilepsy
1. Placebo 2. Antiepileptics
comparison group:
Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth
1. Dental Pit/Fissure Sealant
comparison group:
Binocular versus standard occlusion or blurring treatment for unilateral amblyopia in children aged three to eight years
1. Occlusion Therapy
comparison group:
Antiepileptic drugs for the primary and secondary prevention of seizures after stroke
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Low‐carbohydrate versus balanced‐carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk
1. Weight reduction regime 2. Balanced carbohydrate diet
comparison group:
Cuffed versus uncuffed endotracheal tubes for neonates
1. Endotracheal Tube
comparison group:
Oral antihistamine‐decongestant‐analgesic combinations for the common cold
1. Placebo
comparison group:
Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants
1. Enteral nutrition 2. Parenteral nutrition