anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Vascular calcification is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality, with a significant prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pharmacological inhibition of histone acetyltransferase has been proven to protect against from vascular calcification. However, the role of Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and molecular mechanisms in vascular calcification of CKD remains unknown. An in vivo model of CKD was established using mouse fed with a high adenine and phosphate diet, and an in vitro model was produced using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated with β-glycerophosphate (β-GP). HDAC2 expression was found to be reduced in medial artery of CKD mice and β-GP-induced VSMCs. Overexpression of HDAC2 attenuated OPN and OCN upregulation, α-SMA and SM22α downregulation, and calcium deposition in aortas of CKD. The in vitro results also demonstrated that β-GP-induced osteogenic differentiation was inhibited by HDAC2. Furthermore, we found that HDAC2 overexpression caused an increase in LC3II/I, a decrease in p62, and an induction of autophagic flux. Inhibition of autophagy using its specific inhibitor 3-MA blocked HDAC2's protective effect on osteogenic differentiation in β-GP-treated VSMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that HDAC2 may protect against vascular calcification by the activation of autophagy, laying out a novel insight for the molecular mechanism in vascular calcification of CKD.
Abdominal massage process stage; After the preliminary test data were obtained, the hands were warmed and creamed with vaseline, abdominal massage was applied to the patient in the supine position for 15 minutes. After 24 hours, gastrointestinal complications and comfort parameters were recorded.
Chronic oropharyngeal dysphagia (COD) and aspiration after esophageal cancer surgery may have clinical significance; however, it is a rarely studied topic. In a prospective cross-sectional observational study we comprehensively evaluated the nature, severity, and impact of COD, its predictors, and the impact of the surgical approach and site of anastomosis. Forty participants were recruited via purposive sampling from the (Irish) National Center between November 2021 and August 2022. Swallow evaluations included videofluoroscopy [Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity v2 (DIGESTv2), MBS Impairment Profile, Penetration-Aspiration Scale)]. Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) identified oral intake status. The patient reported outcome measures of swallowing, and Quality of Life (QL) included EAT-10 and MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI). Fourteen (35%) participants presented with COD on DIGESTv2 and 10% had uncleared penetration/aspiration. Avoidance or modification of diet on FOIS was observed in 17 (42.5%). FOIS was associated with pharyngeal dysphagia (OR = 4.05, P = 0.046). Median (range) EAT-10 and MDADI Composite results were 3(0-30) and 77.9(60-92.6), respectively. Aspiration rates significantly differed across surgical groups (P = 0.029); only patients undergoing transhiatal surgery aspirated. Survivors of esophageal cancer surgery may have COD that is undiagnosed, potentially impacting swallow-related QL. Given the small number of aspirators, further research is required to determine whether aspiration risk is associated with surgical approach. A FOIS score below 7 may be a clinically useful prompt for the MDT to refer for evaluation of COD following curative intent surgery. These data present findings that may guide preventive and rehabilitative strategies toward optimizing survivorship.
Patients will receive an intensive (non surgical) regimen of scaling and root planing of the root surfaces under local analgesia (depending on the severity in one session or two sessions within 2 days). Any tooth that from the baseline examination is defined as hopeless or irrational to treat will be extracted at the oral hygiene visit. After the 2 months re-assessment individuals if presenting with at least one periodontal pocket of 6 mm in depth will undergo additional corrective periodontal therapy consisting of periodontal surgery and re-instrumentation under local analgesia. If surgical periodontal therapy is not indicated, appropriate re-instrumentation of the sites will be performed.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject medicine, comprising an extract, etc., of a cotton seed or a leaf or bark of Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. as an active ingredient, having inhibitory activity against testosterone-5alpha-reductase and useful for treating and preventing, etc., prostatic hypertrophy, male type alopecia, common acne, etc. CONSTITUTION:This testosterone-5alpha-reductase inhibitor is obtained by respectively drying and pulverizing a cotton seed or a leaf or bark of Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc., adding a solvent to the pulverized substance, extracting the substance at ambient temperature for 7 days while occasionally shaking the mixture, filtering the resultant solution through a filter paper, providing a galenical extract solution, blending the prepared solution with a vasodilator, an adrenocortical hormone, an antihistaminic agent, an antiinflammatory agent, a keratinous dissolvent, a germicide, a humectant agent, an oil, a surfactant, a polyhydric alcohol, an antioxidant, a sequestering agent, a refreshing agent, a coloring matter, a perfume, etc., according to the use, and formulating the prepared blend into an external preparation such as a lotion, 2 tonic, a cream, an ointment or an aerosol. The inhibitor is effective in treating and preventing, etc., prostatic hypertrophy, male type alopecia, common acne, etc., with hardly any side effects.
In our prospective randomized controlled study, 44 patients who met the inclusion criteria and had mild to moderate carpal measured syndrome with EMG as described in previous studies were included in the study. The 44 volunteer participants with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome were randomly divided into 2 groups as wrist splint treatment group (control group) and wrist splint + 5% dextrose injection treatment group (study group) by stratified and block randomization method. Stratified randomization was done according to the variable of having mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. Assignment to the treatment or control group for each stratum was done by 1:1 block randomization.

All patients were given the same type of wrist splint to be used for at least 8 hours at night for 4 weeks, to be worn in a neutral position and in accordance with the wrist as described in previous studies to restrict movement in the wrist, and activities that aggravate symptoms (repetitive and demanding wrist movements: Knitting, keyboard use, use of vibrating tools, etc.) were recommended to be avoided. The given wrist splint is a commercially available wrist splint with a metal bar on the palmar side and Velcro straps on the dorsal side that can be adjusted according to the wrist, restricting flexion and extension of the wrist and allowing movement of the metacarpophalangeal joint. Patients who did not sleep for 8 hours were asked to complete 8 hours of wrist splint use before going to sleep or after waking up. All patients were given a wrist splint diary and asked to write down the days and hours of splinting. Patients who did not wear splints for enough days and hours were excluded from the study. In the study group, 2 ml each of 5% dextrose injection was administered once at the proximal wrist level above the median nerve separating the median nerve from the flexor retinaculum and below the median nerve separating the median nerve from the flexor tendons by nerve hydrodissection method in the transverse inplane plane under ultrasound guidance. After the application, the spread of the injectate was observed by looking longitudinally at the median nerve. A 25 gauge syringe was used for administration. Patients were observed for side effects and side effects were noted. Patients were asked to rate their injection pain on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) after injection to measure the pain during injection. All patients were advised not to take any additional treatment for their symptoms during the study. Patients who received additional treatment were noted. All patients were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Turkish version of Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), grip strength (GS) measured by hand dynamometer, and median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) measured by ultrasonography before the start of the study (week 0) and at the end of the 4th week.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The primary aim of this review is to provide an in-depth examination of the role bioactive lipids-namely lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and ceramides-play in inflammation-mediated cardiac remodeling during heart failure. With the global prevalence of heart failure on the rise, it is critical to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to its pathogenesis. Traditional studies have emphasized factors such as oxidative stress and neurohormonal activation, but emerging research has shed light on bioactive lipids as central mediators in heart failure pathology. By elucidating these intricacies, this review aims to: Bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice by highlighting clinically relevant pathways contributing to the pathogenesis and prognosis of heart failure. Provide a foundation for the development of targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of LPA and ceramides on heart failure. Serve as a comprehensive resource for clinicians and researchers interested in the molecular biology of heart failure, aiding in better diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings have shed light on the central role of bioactive lipids, specifically lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and ceramides, in heart failure pathology. Traditional studies have emphasized factors such as hypoxia-mediated cardiomyocyte loss and neurohormonal activation in the development of heart failure. Emerging research has elucidated the intricacies of bioactive lipid-mediated inflammation in cardiac remodeling and the development of heart failure. Studies have shown that LPA and ceramides contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure by promoting inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in cardiac cells. Additionally, recent studies have identified potential targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of bioactive lipids on heart failure, including LPA receptor antagonists and ceramide synthase inhibitors. These recent findings provide a promising avenue for the development of targeted therapies that could improve the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. In this review, we highlight the pivotal role of inflammation induced by bioactive lipid signaling and its influence on the pathogenesis of heart failure. By critically assessing the existing literature, we provide a comprehensive resource for clinicians and researchers interested in the molecular mechanisms of heart failure. Our review aims to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice by providing actionable insights and a foundation for the development of targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of bioactive lipids on heart failure. We hope that this review will aid in better diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, further advancing our collective understanding and management of heart failure.
Omecamtiv mecarbil was administered as an oral modified-release tablet twice daily for up to 20 weeks. Participants randomized to this arm started at an omecamtiv mecarbil dose of 25 mg twice daily. The dose could be increased based on plasma concentrations at Weeks 2 and 6.
For the purpose of the study, flow cytometry analyses will be performed before intervention, at 1 week, 1 month and 9 months. In addition, cell functionality analyses will be performed by quantification of colony forming units, aldehidrodehidrogenase activity, cell proliferation by WST-1 and senescence by !-galactosidase enzyme. At 9 months the degree of neointimal proliferation will be measured by optical coherence tomography . A clinical follow-up will be performed at 1 year. Secondary endpoints include: 1. to correlate the change in the number and cell functionality of circulation progenitor cells following everolimus eluting stent and the injury score analyses measured by optical coherence tomography, and the percentage of non covered struts by optical coherence tomography at 9 months.

2.-. To evaluate the role of other subtypes of cells CD 133+/Kinase Insert Domain Receptor (KDR+), CD 14+, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cell markers (VE cadherina, P1H12), integrin expression of Macrophage-1 antigen (MAC-1) and the development of neointimal hyperplasia.
Pruritus has long been linked to hepatic dysfunction; however, there are limited data characterizing the association between liver disease and prurigo nodularis (PN), a chronic inflammatory skin disease featuring severe pruritis. We thus conducted a cross-sectional analysis of hepatic comorbidities in PN patients using TriNetX, a large global health research network. This analysis revealed that PN patients had a higher risk (p < 0.001) of developing liver cirrhosis, acute and subacute hepatic failure, inflammatory liver disease, chronic hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, portal hypertension, fatty liver, chronic passive congestion of the liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma compared with healthy controls. The cumulative incidence of liver disease was about three times higher in PN patients compared with healthy controls. These findings provided the basis for translational studies to investigate a genetic mechanism for this association. Cutaneous transcriptomic analysis performed on PN patients revealed the dysregulation of genes related to hepatic failure in lesional PN compared with both nonlesional PN and control skin. Similarly, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) revealed a significantly increased (p < 0.05) activation of liver metabolism, chronic hepatic failure, acute hepatic failure, cholestatic liver disease, polycystic liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma pathways in lesional PN compared with control skin. A subsequent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified shared single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes AR, EDIL3, MACROD2, PCSK5, RUNX1T1, TENM4, and ZEB2 between PN and liver disease from the FinnGen cohort. Significant dysregulation of the skin-liver axis in PN patients may explain the increased incidence and severity of hepatic comorbidities and help identify future therapeutic targets for PN.
Usual Care will receive treatment "as usual" from their health care clinicians with outcomes measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Participants will not be discouraged from physical activity, but will be asked not to change their current level of activity for 6 months while in the study. Usual care involves ICD interrogation and follow-up every 3 months, measured either in-person or with home telephonic transmissions. Because participants in usual care may choose to participate in another exercise program, we will monitor those who participate in exercise programs and use the StepWatch monitor to quantify the amount and timing of physical activity. To control for group differences in attention, investigators will telephone usual care participants requesting information about health care utilization twice during the study at 3, 6, and 12 months.
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) ranks among the most cultivated and consumed vegetables in China. A major threat to its production is Plasmodiophora brassicae, which causes large root tumors, obstructing nutrient and water absorption and resulting in plant withering. This study used a widely targeted metabolome technique to identify resistance-related metabolites in resistant (DH40R) and susceptible (DH199S) Chinese cabbage varieties after inoculation with P. brassicae. This study analyzed disease-related metabolites during different periods, identifying 257 metabolites linked to resistance, enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, and 248 metabolites linked to susceptibility, enriched in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Key metabolites and genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway were upregulated at 5 days post-inoculation (DPI), suggesting their role in disease resistance. In the arachidonic acid pathway, linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid were upregulated at 5 and 22 DPI in resistant plants, while arachidonic acid was upregulated at 22 DPI in susceptible plants, leading to the conclusion that arachidonic acid may be a response substance in susceptible plants after inoculation. Many genes enriched in these pathways were differentially expressed in DH40R and DH199S. The research provided insights into the defense mechanisms of Chinese cabbage against P. brassicae through combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis.
Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) monitoring during spine surgery is now used routinely. However it is affected by a variety of anesthetics including fluctuating and/or excessively deep or light levels of anesthesia. A common problem is maintaining an overall constancy and adequacy of anesthesia. Individual patients' responses to anesthesia can differ greatly from population means and can complicate the interpretation of MEPs. False alarms can have significant consequences. One strategy to minimize the anesthetic induced variability of MEPs, and thereby improve the monitoring overall, is to keep the patient's anesthetic state (or "depth") in a narrow range during surgery. This study tests whether using a commercially available depth of anesthesia monitor in addition to usual clinical practice improves the quality of MEPs.

The hypothesis of this study is that the SedLine Monitor, which uses an EEG derived assessment of anesthetic depth, may facilitate MEP monitoring if it is kept within a narrow range during spine surgery. Because SedLine recommends maintaining their Index between 30 and 40 during surgical anesthesia, this is the range used in the primary hypothesis.
Detailed research plan Clinical evaluation About 60 clinically diagnosed adult patients having Parthenium dermatitis will be taken up for the study. Pregnant females and lactating mothers will be excluded. All the patients will be patch tested with the standardised aqueous extract of Parthenium hysterophorus to confirm the diagnosis and those showing positive patch test reactions to standardised extract will be tested further with serial dilutions of the antigens to determine the titre of contact hypersensitivity (TCH).20 Antibodies do not have any role in this disease therefore the estimation of immunoglobulins will not be done. The diagnosis will be done by patch test. It will be a randomised, clinically study where the patients will be randomly treated with azathioprine 300 mg per week or azathioprine 100 mg a day orally along with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% w/w and oral cetirizine hydrochloride 10 mg daily for symptomatic relief. No other drugs including the medicines of alternate system will be given for the dermatitis. Clinical evaluation of the patients will be undertaken every four weeks. This will be continued for six months. After 6 months the treatment will be stopped and the patients will be followed up for another 6 months. The graphic record of the disease activity and the treatment will be maintained. In addition, each patient will be evaluated for the side effects of these regimens clinically as well as by the laboratory parameters as per the proforma enclosed, especially haemoglobin, total blood count, differential count, platelets, serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphate, serum transaminases, serum electrolytes, serum creatinine, blood urea, blood sugar, urine routine and microscopy and stool examination for occult blood. These tests will be carried out before starting the therapy and then repeated every month during the follow up period. Chest X-ray electrocardiogram and TCH will also be done before the therapy and then at six months unless otherwise required. At the end of the study period, a final evaluation based on the change in severity of the dermatitis, changes in the titre of contact hypersensitivity and the side effects of the drugs will be made. Statistical analysis using chi-square test will be done.
Pharmacokinetic testing in 12 volunteers demonstrated that a single 30 mg dose of a capsule, tablet or suspension will result in equivalent extent of absorption. 

For the capsule and tablet, peak plasma levels averaged 450 mg/mL and were observed to occur about 3 hours after dosing. The mean elimination half-life for oxazepam was approximately 8.2 hours (range 5.7 to 10.9 hours).

This product has a single, major inactive metabolite in man, a glucuronide excreted in the urine. 

Age (<80 years old) does not appear to have a clinically significant effect on oxazepam kinetics. A statistically significant increase in elimination half-life in the very elderly (> 80 years of age) as compared to younger subjects has been reported, due to a 30% increase in volume of distribution, as well as a 50% reduction in unbound clearance of oxazepam in the very elderly (see PRECAUTIONS, Geriatric Use).
In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats at dose levels of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/day, 2 rare tumors were found in muscle in high-dose females: in one, there was a rhabdomyosarcoma and, in another, there was a fibrosarcoma. This dose represents a plasma AUC (0 to 24) value of approximately 16 times the mean human plasma drug exposure after an 80 mg oral dose.

A 2-year carcinogenicity study in mice given 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day resulted in a significant increase in liver adenomas in high-dose males and liver carcinomas in high-dose females. These findings occurred at plasma AUC (0 to 24) values of approximately 6 times the mean human plasma drug exposure after an 80 mg oral dose.

In vitro, atorvastatin was not mutagenic or clastogenic in the following tests with and without metabolic activation: the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, the HGPRT forward mutation assay in Chinese hamster lung cells, and the chromosomal aberration assay in Chinese hamster lung cells. Atorvastatin was negative in the  in vivo mouse micronucleus test. 

In female rats, atorvastatin at doses up to 225 mg/kg (56 times the human exposure) did not cause adverse effects on fertility. Studies in male rats performed at doses up to 175 mg/kg (15 times the human exposure) produced no changes in fertility. There was aplasia and aspermia in the epididymis of 2 of 10 rats treated with 100 mg/kg/day of atorvastatin for 3 months (16 times the human AUC at the 80 mg dose); testis weights were significantly lower at 30 and 100 mg/kg and epididymal weight was lower at 100 mg/kg. Male rats given 100 mg/kg/day for 11 weeks prior to mating had decreased sperm motility, spermatid head concentration, and increased abnormal sperm. Atorvastatin caused no adverse effects on semen parameters, or reproductive organ histopathology in dogs given doses of 10, 40, or 120 mg/kg for two years.