anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The safety and effectiveness of vigabatrin as adjunctive treatment of refractory complex partial seizures in pediatric patients 2 to 16 years of age have been established and is supported by three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in patients 3 to 16 years of age, adequate and well-controlled studies in adult patients, pharmacokinetic data from patients 2 years of age and older, and additional safety information in patients 2 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Clinical Studies (14.1)]. The dosing recommendation in this population varies according to age group and is weight-based [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. Adverse reactions in this pediatric population are similar to those observed in the adult population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

The safety and effectiveness of vigabatrin as monotherapy for pediatric patients with infantile spasms (1 month to 2 years of age) have been established [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) and Clinical Studies (14.2)].

Safety and effectiveness as adjunctive treatment of refractory complex partial seizures in pediatric patients below the age of 2 and as monotherapy for the treatment of infantile spasms in pediatric patients below the age of 1 month have not been established.

Duration of therapy for infantile spasms was evaluated in a post hoc analysis of a Canadian Pediatric Epilepsy Network (CPEN) study of developmental outcomes in infantile spasms patients. This analysis suggests that a total duration of 6 months of vigabatrin therapy is adequate for the treatment of infantile spasms. However, prescribers must use their clinical judgment as to the most appropriate duration of use [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].

Abnormal MRI signal changes and Intramyelinic Edema (IME) in infants and young children being treated with vigabatrin have been observed [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3, 5.4)].

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

Oral administration of vigabatrin (5, 15, or 50 mg/kg/day) to young rats during the neonatal and juvenile periods of development (postnatal days 4 to 65) produced neurobehavioral (convulsions, neuromotor impairment, learning deficits) and neurohistopathological (brain gray matter vacuolation, decreased myelination, and retinal dysplasia) abnormalities. The no-effect dose for developmental neurotoxicity in juvenile rats (the lowest dose tested) was associated with plasma vigabatrin exposures (AUC) substantially less than those measured in pediatric patients at recommended doses. In dogs, oral administration of vigabatrin (30 or 100 mg/kg/day) during selected periods of juvenile development (postnatal days 22 to 112) produced neurohistopathological abnormalities (brain gray matter vacuolation). Neurobehavioral effects of vigabatrin were not assessed in the juvenile dog. A no-effect dose for neurohistopathology was not established in juvenile dogs; the lowest effect dose (30 mg/kg/day) was associated with plasma vigabatrin exposures lower than those measured in pediatric patients at recommended doses [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Real-time captions appear to be an effective tool in assisting deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) college students' access information and communication in certain classroom settings. However, there is limited knowledge of DHH students' direct experiences with real-time captioning services. In this study, we gathered narratives from 15 DHH college students across the United States about their experiences with real-time captioning services in college. We analyzed the stories using thematic narrative analysis and uncovered 4 types that students told about their experiences. The story types were (a) stories of overcoming obstacles, (b) stories of resignation, (c) pragmatic stories, and (d) stories of personal connection. These story types reveal that although many students eventually experience effective communication access through real-time captioning services, they can initially struggle to overcome barriers to using the services successfully. Making time and space to listen to DHH students' narratives can teach educators and professionals how to support these students and resolve barriers before they arise.
Pre-intervention (baseline) and post-intervention measurements will be obtained before and after the 4-week supplementation period. Physical activity and blood glucose will be monitored using wearable devices.
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) obtained from patients with liver disease stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts. Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) has also been found to stimulate fibroproliferation of fibroblasts, and to be at least partially responsible for the fibroproliferative effect of the MCM.  Further in accordance with the present invention, the effect of MCM and PDGF  on the expression of c-fos and c-jun has been investigated, because c-fos and c-jun form AP-1 complexes which can stimulate genes involved in proliferation.  It has recently been reported that pentoxifylline inhibits platelet derived growth factor-stimulated proliferation. Studies were conducted to determine whether pentoxifylline altered the expression of c-fos and c-jun. While PDGF  was found to induce the expression of both c-fos and c-jun, pentoxifylline was found to effectively reduce the effect of PDGF-induced c-jun gene expression, without altering c-fos gene expression. These results suggest that pentoxifylline inhibits PDGF-stimulated proliferation by decreasing c-jun expression. These results further suggest a variety of diseases and/or conditions which may also be successfully treated with compounds, such as pentoxifylline, which reduce the transcription of c-jun gene.
Rocuronium (ROC), a neuromuscular blocking agent used in surgical procedures, is primarily eliminated by biliary excretion. Its distribution to the liver, mediated the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2), is a determining factor for the duration of neuromuscular blockade. Age and release of cytokines during inflammation and infection processes of sepsis can alter expression of SLCO1A2 gene, encoding OATP1A2. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of age and sepsis on in vivo activity of OATP1A2 using ROC as a probe and evaluating the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in ASA I-III surgical patients. Adult patients without sepsis (control group, n=12), adult patients with sepsis (sepsis group, n=12) and elderly patients without sepsis (elderly group, n=12), all submitted to small to medium-sized surgeries are being investigated. All patients are being induced with individual doses of rocuronium, fentanyl and propofol. Serial blood samples are being collected up to 360 minutes after administration of ROC. Neuromuscular blockade induced by ROC is monitored by stimulation of the adductor muscle of the thumb on the ulnar nerve through the train of four monitoring (TOF) at the same times of blood sampling. The plasma concentration of ROC will be analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization using positive ion mode.
Participants will receive an emailed information sheet containing online support information on POTS. After the initial 4- month period is over, participants will receive a smart watch and Bluetooth blood pressure monitor and attend a virtual Zoom meeting to learn how to install and use the app with devices.
An improved composition of hair oil for stimulation of hair growth, control of hair fall, dandruff and infections thereof. The composition of hair oil comprising active ingredients of Capric Caprylic Tri-Glycerides (CCTG), Mineral oil, Coconut Oil, Ylang Ylang Oil, Di-propylene Glycol,  Centella Asiatica  Extract and Butylated Hydroxy Toulene. The composition of hair oil supports the hair growth and relaxation of the scalp. The composition of hair oil also effectively reduces/remove dandruff and thereby control hair fall in the subject (e.g., not limiting to male/female human). The composition of hair oil additionally demonstrates the properties of cooling effect, darkening of hair and promotion of hair upon continuous use of the hair oil by the subjects. The proposed composition is alternatively used to reduce/remove Psoriasis.
PURPOSE: Language sample analysis (LSA) provides many benefits for assessing, identifying therapy goals, and monitoring the progress of children with language disorders. Despite these widely recognized advantages, previous surveys suggest the declining use of LSA by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This study aimed to provide updates on clinical LSA use following the recent introduction of two new LSA protocols, namely, the Sampling Utterances and Grammatical Analysis Revised (SUGAR) protocol and the Computerized Language Analysis KIDEVAL program.
METHOD: Survey data from SLPs practicing in the United States (N = 337) were used to examine rates of LSA use, methods, and protocols. Factors predicting LSA use and reported facilitators and barriers were also examined.
RESULTS: Results indicated that 60% of SLPs used LSA in the past year. LSA skill level, training, and serving preschool or elementary school children predicted LSA use, whereas workplace, caseload, and years of experience were not significant predictors. Most SLPs reported using self-designed LSA protocols (62%), followed by Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (23%) and SUGAR (12%) protocols. SLPs who did not use LSA reported limited time (74%), limited resources (59%), and limited expertise (41%) as barriers and identified additional training on LSA computer programs (52%) and access to automatic speech recognition programs (49%) as facilitators to their adoption of LSA.
CONCLUSIONS: Reported rates of LSA use and methods were consistent with previous survey findings. This study's findings highlight the ongoing needs for more extensive preprofessional training in LSA.
Patients receive busulfan IV over 3 hours on days -9 to -6, etoposide IV continuously over 24-36 hours on days -5 and -4, and cyclophosphamide IV over 4 hours on days -3 and -2. Patients then undergo autologous stem cell transplant on day 0.
Contact Registrants will be sent an email invitation describing the study. A unique link will be generated for each registrant and included in the email invitation. After 2 weeks, a second email invitation will be sent to the registrants who have not yet participated. After 1 month, a third email invitation will be sent to the registrants who have not yet participated. We may send additional emails periodically (e.g. every 6-12 months) to subjects enrolled to remind them to complete new surveys if they have taken any other medications of interest or have experienced any new reactions/attacks.

If the registrant wants to participate in the study, he/she will follow the survey link in the email invitation, which directs him/her to an IRB-approved online consent form. If the participant consents to participate, he/she will be directed to online forms to report general information (ex. age, sex, test results, family history), suspected medication-related acute attacks, and "uneventful use of possibly risky medication". If a patient has multiple medication-related acute attacks, the patient/caregiver will be able to submit multiple report forms that will be linked. In addition to the report forms, patients will be asked to review a list of "Medications of Interest" and report current or past use.
The invention provides a combined heatable pillow stuffed with Chinese medicine for patients suffering from hypertension. The combined heatable pillow stuffed with Chinese medicine can treat the hypertension and is for external use. The pillow stuffed with Chinese medicine consists of a common pillow, a small electric blanket and a cushion with Chinese medicine. The cushion with Chinese medicines is stuffed with 11 kinds of Chinese medicine powder, including szechuan lovage rhizome, radix paeoniae lactiflorae and mint, etc. The pillow, the electric blanket and the cushion with Chinese medicine are packed into pillow shape, so patients can use the invention as a pillow. The invention has the advantages of being easy to produce and convenient for external use and low production cost. The prescription of the Chinese medicine of the cushion is scientific and effect is synergetic. The combined heatable pillow stuffed with Chinese medicine has the functions of promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, widening vessels, nourishing blood, regulating the nutrient, clearing head and eyes and lowering blood pressure smoothly. Therefore, the combined heatable pillow stuffed with Chinese medicine can effectively treat the hypertension.
### Pregnancy Category C 

Eszopiclone administered by oral gavage to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis showed no evidence of teratogenicity up to the highest doses tested (250 and 16 mg/kg/day in rats and rabbits, respectively; these doses are 800 and 100 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] on a mg/m2 basis). In the rat, slight reductions in fetal weight and evidence of developmental delay were seen at maternally toxic doses of 125 and 150 mg/kg/day, but not at 62.5 mg/kg/day (200 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). 

Eszopiclone was also administered by oral gavage to pregnant rats throughout the pregnancy and lactation periods at doses of up to 180 mg/kg/day. Increased post-implantation loss, decreased postnatal pup weights and survival, and increased pup startle response were seen at all doses; the lowest dose tested, 60 mg/kg/day, is 200 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. These doses did not produce significant maternal toxicity. Eszopiclone had no effects on other behavioral measures or reproductive function in the offspring. 

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of eszopiclone in pregnant women. Eszopiclone should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Telmisartan is an effective treatment of hypertension in once daily doses of 20 to 80 mg while amlodipine is effective in doses of 2.5 to 10 mg. 

Dosage must be individualized and may be increased after at least 2 weeks. Most of the antihypertensive effect is apparent within 2 weeks and maximal reduction is generally attained after 4 weeks. The maximum recommended dose of telmisartan and amlodipine tablets is 80/10 mg once daily. 

The adverse reactions of telmisartan are uncommon and independent of dose; those of amlodipine are a mixture of dose-dependent phenomena (primarily peripheral edema) and dose-independent phenomena, the former much more common than the latter [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

Telmisartan and amlodipine tablets may be taken with or without food.
The mechanism of the antidepressant action of venlafaxine in humans is believed to be associated with its potentiation of neurotransmitter activity in the CNS. Preclinical studies have shown that venlafaxine and its active metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), are potent inhibitors of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and weak inhibitors of dopamine reuptake. Venlafaxine and ODV have no significant affinity for muscarinic cholinergic, H -histaminergic, or α -adrenergic receptors . Pharmacologic activity at these receptors is hypothesized to be associated with the various anticholinergic, sedative, and cardiovascular effects seen with other psychotropic drugs. Venlafaxine and ODV do not possess monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity. 11in vitro
During epoch 2, participants received matching placebo to canakinumab 150 mg qw4. Participants who required blinded escape,they received a single add-on dose of canakinumab (150 mg or 2mg/kg for participants weighing \<= 40kg) between Day 8 and 28 and then received blinded one dose of placebo and one dose of canakinumab q4w from day 29 through day 112. If flare or re-flare still occurred after receipt of canakinumab 150mg, participants were uptitrated to open-label canakinumab 300 mg.
PURPOSE: A composition for reducing skin wrinkles and enhancing elasticity is provided to be used as a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external application, a cosmetic composition, or a health food as falcarindiol promotes collagen synthesis of fibroblast of skin, suppresses activity of collagenase to improve elasticity of skin, and removes wrinkles. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for reducing skin wrinkles and enhancing elasticity includes a compound represented by Fomrula 1 as an active ingredient. The active ingredient is included at a content of 1*10^-6 to 10wt% based on the total wt% of the composition. A skin external application for reducing skin wrinkles and enhancing elasticity includes a compound represented by Formula 1 as an active ingredient. A cosmetic compound for reducing skin wrinkles and enhancing elasticity includes a compound represented by Formula 1 as an active ingredient. A health food for reducing skin wrinkles and enhancing elasticity includes a compound represented by Formula 1 as an active ingredient.
168 patients (ASA I-II-III) between 18 and 65 years of age, who were to undergo laparoscopic appendectomy, were randomized and divided into two groups. 32 patients were dropout for different reasons.(68 patients in each of the TAP block and QLB block groups). TAP block was performed for TAP group and QLB block was performed for QLB group. Postoperative analgesia was provided by intravenous tramadol hydrochloride using a patient-controlled analgesia device. 24-hour total tramadol hydrochloride consumption was primary outcome measure.Postoperative numeric rating scale values were the secondary outcome measure.
Participants in multiple cohorts and treatment periods will receive placebo matching to GDC-0134 under fed/fasting conditions. Few participants may receive rabeprazole 20 mg.
NEW MATERIAL:A substance having an amino acid sequence shown by the formula. USE:An antibacterial agent, antiviral agent and antiviral food additive. Having almost no toxicity and excellent thermostability. Producible inexpensively and in an industrial scale. PREPARATION:A cell derived from an embryo of Sarcophaga peregrina is cultivated and the supernatant liquid of the culture mixture is treated by ion exchange chromatography by the use of CM cellulose column. Then the prepared fraction having antibacterial activity, for example, is maintained at 10 deg.C for 10min so that the fraction is heat-treated. The produced precipitate is removed by centrifugal separation. Successively, the prepared filtrate is separated and fractionated by molecular sieve chromatography and an active fraction is adsorbed, separated and fractionated by HPLC reversed chromatography and purified to give the aimed substance.
Patients received lung recruitment maneuver with postural changes of lateral decubitus using pressure-control ventilation, 10 cmH2O level of PEEP in left and in right lateral decubitus during 90 seconds in each one. Lung ultrasound examination will be performed at two different times-point immediately after induction and after recruitment maneuver to monitor lung aeration.
Skin aging is characterized by changes in its structural, cellular, and molecular components in both the epidermis and dermis. Dermal aging is distinguished by reduced dermal thickness, increased wrinkles, and a sagging appearance. Due to intrinsic or extrinsic factors, accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers a series of aging events, including imbalanced extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, accumulation of senescent fibroblasts, loss of cell identity, and chronic inflammation mediated by senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). These events are regulated by signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Senescent fibroblasts can induce and accelerate age-related dysfunction of other skin cells and may even cause systemic inflammation. In this review, we summarize the role of dermal fibroblasts in cutaneous aging and inflammation. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms by which dermal fibroblasts influence cutaneous aging and inflammation are also discussed.
BACKGROUND: Despite declining over the past three decades, unintentional drownings still account for an estimated 236 000 annual deaths worldwide. Susceptibility persists amongst demographic groups and is influenced by sex, age, and socio-economic status, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Due to rapidly evolving population dynamics, particularly within Europe, there is a further responsibility to understand the impact of ethnicity on the risks of drowning to guide prevention.
METHODS: We conducted a national population-based retrospective study using data from the Swedish National Board of Forensic Medicine and Statistics Sweden for the years 2002 to 2021. The analysis includes variables such as age, sex, presence of alcohol and narcotics as well as activity undertaken at the time of drowning and type of water body. Furthermore, we considered ethnicity to identify subpopulations at greater risks.
RESULTS: Results revealed a plateau in unintentional drowning rates in Sweden since 2012, despite an overall decrease from 2002 to 2021. Findings confirm the trend that males are overrepresented within drowning statistics across all age groups, and that individuals aged > 50 constitute over half of all unintentional drownings. Men aged between 40-69 years boating, and individuals of non-Swedish origin, particularly those < 20 years of age, face a notably greater risk of drowning, underscoring the need for subpopulation-targeted prevention strategies.
CONCLUSION: The ten-year plateau in unintentional drowning signals the need for an official national prevention strategy with annual evaluations. Suggestions also include improved parental supervision of children, further avoidance of alcohol while swimming and boating, as well as targeted swimming lessons and water competency training for individuals of non-Swedish origin.
OBJECTIVES: This retrospective cohort multicentre study aimed to characterise the signalment, clinicopathologic data, complications and the association between treatment and outcome (the reduction in ionised calcium concentration) in cats with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia managed with alendronate and standard treatment or standard treatment alone, and to compare the outcome between the two groups.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records for cats diagnosed with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia were retrospectively reviewed. Cats treated with alendronate and standard treatment were assigned to the alendronate group and cats treated with standard treatment alone were assigned to the control group. The standard treatment was defined as dietary modification and/or monitoring of ionised calcium concentrations and management of complications secondary to hypercalcaemia. The follow-up period was selected as 6 months.
RESULTS: Twenty-nine cats were enrolled in the study. Nine cats were included in the control group and 20 cats in the alendronate group. A significant reduction in serum ionised calcium was observed in both groups between the baseline and the follow-up visit; however, this reduction did not differ significantly between both groups (the mean change in the ionised calcium concentration in alendronate and control group was -0.18 and -0.17, respectively). Suspected bisphosphate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw was reported in one cat receiving alendronate.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, similar reduction in serum ionised calcium concentration was observed in cats with ionised hypercalcaemia treated with diet alone and in cats treated with diet and alendronate. These results should be interpreted with caution, as the study was underpowered for meaningful statistical comparison. Cats receiving alendronate should be monitored for the development of adverse reactions, including osteonecrosis of the jaw.