anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aims to estimate average COVID-19-associated healthcare costs per capita in Germany from a payer perspective. In addition, insights into COVID-19-associated mortality should be gained.
METHODS: For this purpose, a retrospective longitudinal analysis using health insurance claims data was performed. Patients affected by COVID-19 in Q1/2021 (investigation group (IG)) were compared to a matched non-COVID-19 control group (CG) (1:1 propensity score matching (PSM)). Mean values of healthcare costs in 2020 and 2021 were computed for both groups and then separated by age and by development of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS). Group differences were examined using Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.05). Difference-in-Differences approach (DiD) was used to estimate average cost effects of COVID-19 in 2021. Concerning mortality, the number of deaths in 2021 was compared between IG and CG using χ2 test of independence.
RESULTS: A total of 8,014 insurants were included (n = 4,007 per group; n = 536 per group examining PCS patients only). Total healthcare costs varied a lot in the sample, were comparable between IG and CG in 2020, but were significantly higher in the IG in 2021 (DiD estimate = € 1,063 (in total); € 3,242 (PCS group)). This was more pronounced in the older age groups. High hospital costs of a minority of patients were the most influential driver of COVID-19-associated healthcare costs. Mortality was more than doubled in the IG (tripled in patients aged ≥ 60).
CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 is associated with significantly increased healthcare costs and mortality, especially in older age groups. The additional development of PCS further increases the costs of COVID-19.
The present invention provides for a system and method for assessing and improving the quality of care provided by healthcare professionals in the workplace. A database is instantiated with user information from a plurality of users. A rating scheme is then created from the database comprising a plurality of ratees and raters. The rating scheme may be validated by a validator, and then surveys are automatically transmitted to the raters.            The completed surveys are received and a report is generated for each rate, which may be subject to further approval. The ratees are then emailed software modules and prompted with reminders to select development goals, participate in online training, obtain ongoing evaluations from leadership, and receive follow-up survey feedback on the extent to which the ratee has improved.                       The software modules are determined by the system based on the behaviorally anchored feedback received for each ratee.
FIELD: medicine, pulmonology, phytotherapy, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to parapharmaceutical industry producing preparations of curative and prophylactic designations and can be used as an accessory agent promoting to regulation of respiratory organs. Invention proposes an active supplement based on medicinal plants comprising licorice roots dry extract, dry aqueous concentrates of elecampane roots, sage herb, hyssop herb, dry concentrate of peppermint tincture, ginger milled roots, zinc sulfate, calcium gluconate, starch, calcium stearate and sugar taken in the definite ratio of components. Invention can be used in treatment of patients with acute and chronic diseases of respiratory organs and alternative cases in individual intolerance of separate components. EFFECT: expanded assortment of medicinal agents, valuable medicinal properties of supplement. 2 tbl
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bathing agent containing granules usable as a turbidity-forming agent, and packaged in a paper container or a plain-wrap container.  <P>SOLUTION: The bathing agent packaged in the paper container or the plain-wrap container contains the granules containing titanium oxide and carboxymethylcellulose sodium. The use of the paper container or the plain-wrap container for the bathing agent containing the granules containing the titanium oxide and the carboxymethylcellulose sodium is also provided. The bathing agent has a large merit from the viewpoint of reduction of a waste and simplification of package because the bathing agent is packaged in the paper container or the plain-wrap container. The stability of this preparation is kept when the preparation is used after preservation, and the good solubility and the sufficient turbidity-forming effects are also kept regardless of being packaged in the paper container or the plain-wrap container.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Oral Tivantinib 360 mg twice daily continuously for each day (days 1-28) of every 4-week treatment cycle (taken as three tablets of 120 mg each). Courses continue every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
1 Russian center was approved for participation in this study and was initiated. Healthy volunteers were enrolled in 1 center. The study consisted of 4 periods: screening, single administration, multiple administration and follow-up.

All eligible subjects were randomized into the study in appropriate cohort groups sequentially. Cohort 1 - Treamid or Placebo 5 mg once and then daily 14 days after a 6-day break; Cohort 2 - Treamid or Placebo 15 mg once and then daily during 14 days after a 6-day break; Cohort 3 - Treamid or Placebo 50 mg once and then daily during 14 days after a 6-day break. The decision regarding increasing of the study drug dose for a subsequent cohort was made by the Data Safety Monitoring Committee on the basis of preliminary safety results assessment. A total of 16 volunteers received Treamid (4 - 5 mg, 4 -15 mg, 8 - 50 mg) and a total of 4 volunteers received the placebo during the study participation. The follow-up period lasted for 4 weeks.
Pemetrexed (Alimta, Eli Lilly and Company) is administrated by intrathecal injection, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 4 weeks. The maximum-tolerated dose determined in phase I study is chosen as the treatment dose in phase II study.
Before starting and at the end of the chemotherapy, along with a blood withdrawal for GLP-2 evaluation, a GSRS (gastrointestinal symptom rate scale) questionnaire will be filled by each patient to account for GI symptoms. In addition, minor complaints such as warm sensation after chemotherapy, susceptibility to nausea under specific condition, sweating and weakness will scored by visual analog score (VAS). Lastly, the NCI-CTC score for mucositis will be performed.
Patientes with Refractory/relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL R/R) with multiple failed therapies represent a therapeutic dilemma. The goal of next-line treatment is long-term disease control with manageable adverse reactions. Given the limited therapeutic options for patients with HL R/R, better therapies should be sought, more effective, with better tolerability, less toxicity, with increased overall survival (OS) of the patients, with the aim of improving outcomes in terms of disease-free survival progression (PFS) of the current standard treatment. Since currently only 50% of the patients with high-risk R/R HL treated with the standard regimen achieve healing. The high effectiveness and low toxicity of immunotherapy with prolonged remission or stabilization of the disease make it a new treatment option promising for HL R/R. Based on the above, a treatment strategy is proposed to rescue base with Brentuximab plus PD-1 blockade followed by autotransplantation and consolidation with Brentuximab plus PD-1 blockade in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma High-Risk Relapse/Refractory Compared to Reported OS and PFS Rates in the literature obtained with standard treatment.
It remains a challenge to endow a polymeric material with antithrombotic ability by surface grafting without disturbing the bulk properties of the substrate. Heparin-based functional structures of less than 80 nm were fabricated and covalently grafted on a polyethylene terephthalate surface via carbene chemistry (Hep-g-PET). Heparin was oxidized with the minimum antithrombrin sequence retained, creating an aldehyde group on the chain terminus. Oxidized heparin was then covalently attached to a poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)-grafted PET substrate. The interface between blood and PET was improved by the surface functionality, and the amount of attached platelets decreased to 29 ± 12.1% of its initial value. The bulk properties of the functionalized film were hardly influenced, and the visible light transmittance remained more than 96%. The tethered structures also showed the ability to kill attached S. aureus and E. coli efficiently. The functionalized membrane showed negligible ex vivo cell cytotoxicity and a low hemolysis ratio. Hep-g-PET was implanted in between rat skin and muscle, and showed an outstanding histological response and antimicrobial ability. The influences of the graft thickness and the heparin chain length were explored. The strategies reported in this work may help to improve the design of polymeric implant bio-devices.
Surgical injury to tissue causes a variety of profound physiologic reactions which are essential for the restoration of an organisms' homeostasis. The inflammatory response involves a surge of stress hormones (i.e. ACTH, cortisol, catecholamines), activation of the complement system, migration of leukocytes to the site of injury, the release of cytokines (i.e. interleukins, tumor necrosis factor), as well as other cellular products (i.e. superoxide radicals, proteases, growth factors) (1-3). An appropriate inflammatory cascade is essential for tissue reconstitution and infection control. The associated impairment of multiple organ function is generally mild, because of the physiological reserve of the biological systems. However, a systemic inflammatory response may also lead to postoperative complications in the elderly, neonates, and patients with significant co-morbidity (4, 5). Indeed, mediators of inflammation may induce fatigue and prolong convalescence in healthy patients. On the other hand, dysregulation or suppression of the inflammatory process may lead to improper wound healing, infection and, as demonstrated recently, even an increase in cancer recurrence due to reduction in natural killer cell activity (6, 7).

Anesthetic management may affect both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive mechanisms either directly by modulating functions of immune cells or indirectly by attenuating the stress response. For example, inhalational anesthetics inhibit neutrophil function and depress lymphocyte proliferation while increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (8, 9)). Propofol also inhibits neutrophil and monocyte function, and has strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects (10). Opioids attenuate the direct cell immune response, but have only minimal effects on systemic inflammatory responses (11). It is expected that the choice of anesthetic technique may disturb the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses thus affecting clinical outcomes. A most advantageous anesthetic choice would enhance or have a neutral effect on cellular immunity while minimizing contribution to the systemic inflammatory response.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with neuromuscular disease often have a weak and ineffective cough due to respiratory muscle weakness. One treatment option is mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E), also known as cough assist, which is known to increase cough strength. However, some patients have a laryngeal response to MI-E, which can make the treatment ineffective. Currently, the only method for assessing this is via nasal endoscopy while using MI-E. Some MI-E devices have onboard secure data (SD) cards, which allow the visualisation of waveforms. We hypothesise that the waveforms can be used to identify laryngeal responses to the MI-E.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Participants will complete baseline assessments of spirometry, peak cough flow and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure. A nasal endoscope will be used to visualise the larynx during simultaneous MI-E via a mask with a drilled hole. MI-E will be delivered by an experienced physiotherapist. Four cycles of MI-E at a range of prescriptions will be delivered. MI-E waveforms will be downloaded into Care Orchestrator Essence software (Philips, Murraysville). Data will be collected prospectively and reviewed in a descriptive context, providing trends and potential rationales describing the waveforms in comparison to the nasal endoscope videos.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol has been reviewed by the East of England-Cambridge Central Research Ethics Committee, who have granted a favourable ethical opinion. The study opened to recruitment in January 2022 and aims to publish trial results in June 2024.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05189600.
In the cervical spine, literature shows that a static plate utilizing fixed screws loses its ability to load share and to limit motion following subsidence of the interbody spacer. In contrast, a dynamic plate system utilizing variable-angle screws maintains load-sharing and stiffness following subsidences. Increasing the load on the bone graft in the interbody space increases the rate of graft fusion. Although literature exists supporting the in vivo use of anterior cervical plate systems and the advantages of screw angulation, there is no data evaluating and supporting the use of anterior plate systems in the lumbar spine. The different biomechanical loads between cervical and lumbar spine suggest cervical data may not generalize to the lumbar spine. Additionally, it will be useful to characterize the effect of different screw configurations on subsidence and stress shielding and fusion success. The proposed study will not only assess clinical outcomes following Trinica ALP implantation, but will also provide valuable comparison data regarding two different screw configurations.

The study is a prospective, randomized, between groups design. The subject pool will be comprised of individuals who are appropriate for spinal fusion surgery, and who meet the inclusion criteria. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three screw configurations. All subjects will receive structural allograft (Puros A Anterior Allograft) as interbody support. Other procedures identified by the surgeon to be in the best interest of the patient may be completed but are not required by the protocol.
Risk Summary

Available data from published literature and postmarketing experience over several decades with azithromycin use in pregnant women have not identified any drug-associated risks for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes ( seeData). Developmental toxicity studies with azithromycin in rats, mice, and rabbits showed no drug-induced fetal malformations at doses up to 200 mg/kg/day. The doses used in these studies were orders of magnitude in excess of the clinical exposure that would be possible following topical ocular administration of azithromycin. ( see Data). 

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Data 

Human Data

Available data from published observational studies, case series, and case reports over several decades do not suggest an increased risk for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes with oral or topical ophthalmic azithromycin use in pregnant women. Limitations of these data include the lack of randomization and inability to control for confounders such as underlying maternal disease and maternal use of concomitant medications.

Animal Data

Azithromycin administered during the period of organogenesis did not cause fetal malformations in rats and mice at oral doses up to 200 mg/kg/day (moderately maternally toxic). Assuming 100% absorption from topical ocular exposure, this dose is hundreds of times daily dose that can be achieved with topical ophthalmic administration. In rabbits administered azithromycin at oral doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day during organogenesis, reduced maternal body weight and food consumption were observed in all groups; no evidence of fetotoxicity or teratogenicity was observed at these doses, the highest of which is estimated to be at least 100 times topical ophthalmic dose assuming 100% absorption from ocular exposure. 

In a pre- and postnatal development study, azithromycin was administered orally to pregnant rats from day 6 of pregnancy until weaning at doses of 50 or 200 mg/kg/day. Maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption and body weight gain; increased stress at parturition) was observed at the higher dose. Effects in the offspring were noted at 200 mg/kg/day during the postnatal development period (decreased viability, delayed developmental landmarks). These effects were not observed in a pre- and postnatal rat study when up to 200 mg/kg/day of azithromycin was given orally beginning on day 15 of pregnancy until weaning. Assuming 100% absorption from topical ocular exposure, this dose is hundreds of times daily dose that can be achieved with topical ophthalmic administration.
TAK-667, single SC administration on the abdomen on Day 1. The dose of TAK-667 will be dependent on the participant's body weight (Up to 30 mg; 10 mg for 12 kg to 25 kg, 15 mg for 26 kg to 40 kg, 20 mg for 41 kg to 50kg, 25 mg for 51 kg to 65 kg, 30 mg for \>65 kg).
Participants will receive rehabilitation based on hand robotic exosqueleton (ROBHAND, ITAP Valladolid, Spain) Patients will perform upper limb exercises assisted by the device. Training involve 16 sessions, 2 sessions per week for 8 weeks, each lasting about 60 minutes.
Background: The Family Integrated Care (FICare) model is a modern approach that supports the participation of parents (excluding ventilation, monitor adjustments, vascular fluid and drug administration) developed in collaboration between parents and healthcare professionals, which is carried out gradually in the NICU (1). Parents are informed about the general development of the baby, brain and sensory development, motor and behavior development, care of the premature. In addition, parents are informed about what they can do about general body cleaning and care, especially in touch, attachment, skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding and increased breast milk and diaper change (2).FICare; It is a care model with a 25% increase in the weight gain of premature babies, a 80% increase in breastfeeding rate, a 25% decrease in parental stress, a significant decrease in critical incident reports such as hospital infection and sudden infant death (3). The care that these babies receive in their first hours, days, weeks and months is vital to determine their future health and long-term outcomes. Evidence suggests that if parents are supported and encouraged to take care of their babies while in hospital, this will have better outcomes for both the baby and their family. FICare support not only reduces the length of hospital stay of parents, but also reduces the rate of re-hospitalization, and strengthens the bond between parents and babies. It helps parents feel safer when taking care of their babies, both in the hospital and at home (4).

A standard care model for discharge preparation is not applied to parents who have a premature baby in their NICU. Institutions make the decision to discharge with the opinions of the doctor and nurse working in the unit. With the FICare model, it is thought that parents will be prepared for discharge, bonding between parents and babies, fulfilling their parental roles, supporting babies' breastfeeding, reducing hospital stay, enhancing parental-employee communication, and increasing the quality of care services..

Premature infants who were hospitalized for at least seven days between February 6, 2020, and August 15, 2021, in the NICU of a training and research hospital formed the population of the study. In the study, the total number of parents was determined as 68 when the margin of error was 5%, the power level was 81.17%, and the effect size value was 0.70. At the end of the study, a post hoc power analysis was conducted to determine the adequacy of the sample size. As a result of the power analysis, for the details of the difference between the groups in terms of the scale score of fathers with premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit, type 1 error: 0.05, n: 68 people, effect size = 1.990, and the power level according to the structure was determined as 1.000. To determine the difference in terms of the scale score of mothers with premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit, type 1 error: 0.05, n: 68 people, effect size = 2.586 and power level according to temperature was determined as 1.000. These values show that the sample size is sufficient.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: Candida yeast-like fungi are measured. Lamypharen biogel is used to cover approximate dental surfaces along the quadrants (1.2) and (3.4) or (1.5-1.8, 1.4-2.4, 2.5-2.8), (3.5-3.8, 3.4-4.4, 4.5-4.8), into a gingival surface, inflamed surfaces of a gingival crest or into a gingival pockets. The exposure makes 20 to 30 minutes. After the gel is removed by means of Alod - 01-GRANAT diode laser, the gingival papillas or gingival pockets are treated. If the measured Candida yeast-like fungus content is 10-10CFU/tampon or CFU/ml, the exposure length makes 2 minutes. If the measured value is 10-10CFU/tampon or CFU/ml, the exposure length is 1 minute. What is used is a laser light at wave length 662nm with a radiation power of 0.4Wt, a power density of 14-18 J/cmin a continuous mode. That is followed by Lamypharen biogel applications on the gingival mucosa, into the gingival pockets covered with a protective dressing for 1-2 hours. The therapeutic course makes 3 procedures. Besides, Lamypharen biogel is administered orally once a day 30 minutes before a meal in an amount of 20 g for 14-30 days depending on a severity of the disease.EFFECT: reducing the inflammation and pathogenic microflora, prolonging the remission of the disease by enhancing the inflow of biological substances into a chronic inflammatory periodontal tissues.4 cl, 5 ex
a. The surge of COVID-19 cases has been accompanied by glaring racial disparities in COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality; disparities in outcomes have been most pronounced for African Americans who, despite comprising only 13% of the US population account for about 30% of all COVID-19 cases in states for which race-related data are reported. Infectious disease modelers, epidemiologists, and other public health experts believe that COVID-19 is here to stay and suggest that annual surges may persist through 2025 and beyond. With vaccine hesitancy and delay compromising our ability to attain herd immunity, the best means for controlling the spread of COVID-19 according to public health experts is mass adoption of the 3 Ws (Wear a mask, Wait 6 feet apart, and Wash your hands) and increasing awareness of one's status through testing. As such, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are currently our best options for viral control and containment. NPIs that are community-driven and developed in collaboration with diverse partners, including community members, public health agencies, and researchers may offer an acceptable and effective approach to reducing COVID-19 transmission and addressing individual and socio-structural barriers that lead to worse COVID-19-related outcomes among African Americans. Our study goals are to use a crowdsourcing open call to identify exceptional ideas (e.g., messages, videos, communication and dissemination strategies) that promote COVID-19 testing and encourage the public to practice the 3 Ws, referred to as health-promotive behaviors.