anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: biochemistry, biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: blood preparations were treated with hexane, precipitated with 6% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution followed by chromatography using 6% iminiodiacetic or peracetic agarose as zinc-form and 6% cross-linked agarose. Then the end product is lyophilized. Yield of the end product is increased by 7-12% and purity by 5% as compared with prototype. Method can be used for immunoglobulin M preparing. EFFECT: increased yield and purity of the end product.
BACKGROUND: Anesthesia for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients undergoing spinal deformity surgery is challenging. We report an unusual case of an SMA girl who developed severe intraoperative hypoxemia and hypotension during posterior spinal fusion related with surgical positioning.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-yr-old girl diagnosed with SMA type 2, severe kyphoscoliosis and thoracic deformity was scheduled for elective posterior spinal fusion. She developed severe hypoxemia and profound hypotension intraoperatively in the prone position with surgical table tilted 45° to the right. Though transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) could not be performed due to limited mouth opening, her preoperative computed tomography revealed a severely distorted thoracic cavity with much reduced volume of the right side. A reasonable explanation was when the surgeons performed surgical procedure with the tilted surgical table, the pressure was directly put on the shortest diameter of the significantly deformed thoracic cavity, causing severe compression of the pulmonary artery, resulting in both hypoxemia and hypotension. The patient stabilized when the surgical table was tilted back and successfully went through the surgery in the leveled prone position.
CONCLUSIONS: Spinal fusion surgery is beneficial for SMA patients in preventing scoliosis progression and improving ventilation. However, severe scoliosis and thoracic deformities put them at risk of both hemodynamic and respiratory instability during surgical positioning. When advanced monitoring like TEE is not practical intraoperatively, preoperative imaging may help with differential diagnosis, and guide the surgical positioning to minimize mechanical compression of the thoracic cavity, thereby helping the patient complete the surgery safely.
When treatment with oral phenytoin is not possible, fosphenytoin sodium injection can be substituted for oral phenytoin at the same total daily phenytoin sodium equivalents (PE) dose. Dilantin capsules are approximately 90% bioavailable by the oral route. Phenytoin, derived from administration of fosphenytoin sodium injection, is 100% bioavailable by both the IM and IV routes. For this reason, serum phenytoin concentrations may increase modestly when IM or IV fosphenytoin sodium injection is substituted for oral phenytoin sodium therapy. The rate of administration for IV fosphenytoin sodium injection should be no greater than 150 mg PE/min in adults and 2 mg PE/kg/min (or 150 mg PE/min, whichever is slower) in pediatric patients. In controlled trials, IM fosphenytoin sodium injection was administered as a single daily dose utilizing either 1 or 2 injection sites. Some patients may require more frequent dosing. Intramuscular administration of fosphenytoin sodium injection should ordinarily not be used in pediatric patients.
Acidosis is one of the hallmarks of demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). The response to acidic pH is primarily mediated by a family of G protein-coupled proton-sensing receptors: OGR1, GPR4 and TDAG8. These receptors are inactive at alkaline pH, reaching maximal activation at acidic pH. Genome-wide association studies have identified a locus within the TDAG8 gene associated with several autoimmune diseases, including MS. Accordingly, we here found that expression of TDAG8, as opposed to GPR4 or OGR1, is upregulated in MS plaques. This led us to investigate the expression of TDAG8 in oligodendrocytes using mouse and human in vitro and in vivo models. We observed significant upregulation of TDAG8 in human MO3.13 oligodendrocytes during maturation and in response to acidic conditions. However, its deficiency did not impact normal myelination in the mouse CNS, and its expression remained unaltered under demyelinating conditions in mouse organotypic cerebellar slices. Notably, our data revealed no expression of TDAG8 in primary mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), in contrast to its expression in primary human OPCs. Our investigations have revealed substantial species differences in the expression of proton-sensing receptors in oligodendrocytes, highlighting the limitations of the employed experimental models in fully elucidating the role of TDAG8 in myelination and oligodendrocyte biology. Consequently, the study does not furnish robust evidence for the role of TDAG8 in such processes. Nonetheless, our findings tentatively point towards a potential association between TDAG8 and myelination processes in humans, hinting at a potential link between TDAG8 and the pathophysiology of MS and warrants further research.
The invention discloses a schistosoma japonica glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene and an encoded protein and an application thereof. The schistosoma japonica glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene comprises nucleotide sequences shown by SEQ ID No. 1-SEQ ID No. 3; and schistosoma japonica glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase comprises a protein with nucleotide sequences shown by SEQ ID No. 4-SEQ ID No. 6 or a protein with the same functions formed by replacing and deleting or inserting one or a plurality of amino acids. The schistosoma japonica glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase can be applied to schistosome vaccine preparation, medicament screening, anti-schistosoma antibody preparation and serodiagnosis; and the schistosoma japonica glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene can be applied to gene therapy.
(1) Background: Eosinophilia has traditionally been linked to eosinophilic asthma, for which it is the gold-standard prognostic biomarker. However, the association between eosinophilia and the presence of other diseases and comorbidities is yet unclear. (2) Methods: For this retrospective study, we reviewed the electronic medical records of 49,909 subjects with blood eosinophilia to gather data on the presence of asthma, COPD, sleep apnea, tuberculosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases and severe CRSwNP among these subjects. Demographic features including age, sex, and smoking habits were collected, as well as the number of hospitalizations and emergency department visits. T-tests, ANOVA, Fisher test, and logistic regression models were used. (3) Results: For all age groups studied, eosinophilia was significantly more prevalent among asthmatic subjects than nonasthmatics, especially in patients also presenting CRSwNP, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The likelihood of developing asthma, COPD, and CRSwNP, and hospitalization, was increased when BEC was above 600 eosinophils/μL. The association between asthma, CRSwNP, and BEC was corroborated by multiple logistic regressions models. (4) Conclusions: We demonstrated the association of having over 600 blood eosinophils/μL with a higher number of hospitalizations and comorbidities (CRSwNP and COPD), which proves that BEC is a highly useful parameter to consider in subjects who present blood eosinophilia.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) on cognitive function among Chinese young and middle-aged Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
METHODS: Chinese adults struggling from moderate to severe OSA with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 events per hour and adults with primary snoring and mild OSA (AHI < 15 events per hour) were included in the study. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale measured hypersomnia, and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA).
RESULTS: In comparison to the primary snoring and mild OSA group (n=635), the moderate to severe OSA group (n=1423) tended to be older men with higher scores on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), as well as higher levels of oxygen desaturation (ODI) and a higher body mass index (BMI). Patients with moderate to severe OSA had fewer years of education, lower minimum arterial oxygen saturation (min-SaO2), and more severe sleep disturbances, such as decreased slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) and increased non-REM stages (N1 and N2). Comorbid conditions such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in these patients (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, accordingly). Only the delayed recall scores were statistically lower in the moderate to severe OSA group than the primary snoring and mild OSA group (P < 0.05). The main factor associated with delayed recall was the ESS score rather than age or years of education among moderate-severe OSA patients ≤ 40 years of age (P < 0.05). After controlling for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, BMI, education, hypertension, diabetes, sleep stages (SWS and REM), minimum arterial oxygen saturation (min-SaO2), oxygen ODI, and AHI, there was a negative correlation between the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score and the delayed recall scores.
CONCLUSION: Patients with moderate to severe OSA had cognitive dysfunction, particularly impairment of delayed recall. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction in young and middle-aged patients with OSA.
BACKGROUND: The presence of circulating plasma cells (CPCs) is an important laboratory indicator for the diagnosis, staging, risk stratification, and progression monitoring of multiple myeloma (MM). Early detection of CPCs in the peripheral blood (PB) followed by timely interventions can significantly improve MM prognosis and delay its progression. Although the conventional cell morphology examination remains the predominant method for CPC detection because of accessibility, its sensitivity and reproducibility are limited by technician expertise and cell quantity constraints. This study aims to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated system for a more sensitive and efficient CPC morphology detection.
METHODS: A total of 137 bone marrow smears and 72 PB smears from patients with at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, were retrospectively reviewed. Using an AI-powered digital pathology platform, Morphogo, 305,019 cell images were collected for training. Morphogo's efficacy in CPC detection was evaluated with additional 184 PB smears (94 from patients with MM and 90 from those with other hematological malignancies) and compared with manual microscopy.
RESULTS: Morphogo achieved 99.64% accuracy, 89.03% sensitivity, and 99.68% specificity in classifying CPCs. At a 0.60 threshold, Morphogo achieved a sensitivity of 96.15%, which was approximately twice that of manual microscopy, with a specificity of 78.03%. Patients with CPCs detected by AI scanning had a significantly shorter median progression-free survival compared with those without CPC detection (18 months vs. 34 months, p< .01).
CONCLUSIONS: Morphogo is a highly sensitive system for the automated detection of CPCs, with potential applications in initial screening, prognosis prediction, and posttreatment monitoring for MM patients.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Diagnosing and monitoring multiple myeloma (MM), a type of blood cancer, requires identifying and quantifying specific cells called circulating plasma cells (CPCs) in the blood. The conventional method for detecting CPCs is manual microscopic examination, which is time-consuming and lacks sensitivity. This study introduces a highly sensitive CPC detection method using an artificial intelligence-based system, Morphogo. It demonstrated remarkable sensitivity and accuracy, surpassing conventional microscopy. This advanced approach suggests that early and accurate CPC detection is achievable by morphology examination, making efficient CPC screening more accessible for patients with MM. This innovative system has the potential to be used in the diagnosis and risk assessment of MM.
In last decade, the awareness has grown regarding the pain neuroscience education (PNE). In the literature, it has been found that there is strong evidence that the educational strategy of pain neuroscience education (PNE) can have positive effects on pain, disability, catastrophization, and physical performance in chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Nowadays, many physiotherapists integrate the PNE into the treatment of chronic pain. However, the importance of culturally sensitive approaches for the treatment of chronic pain has been proposed depending on the cultural differences of pain beliefs, pain cognitions, pain experiences and pain coping strategies in different ethnic populations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of a culturally sensitive PNE with a standard translated PNE on pain intensity, disability status, pain pressure thresholds and psychosocial factors (conceptualization of pain, pain beliefs, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and illness perception) in Turkish patients with chronic low back pain (LBP).

The effects of culturally sensitive PNE format will be compared with the standard translated PNE in a pilot trial. 40 Turkish patients (first generation migrant living around Ghent) with chronic LBP, between the age of 18 and 65 years, will be randomized to the culturally sensitive PNE or standard translated PNE. The content of 2 sessions PNE include the explanation about differences of acute and chronic pain, purpose of acute pain, production of acute pain and chronic pain, and potential sustaining factors for central sensitization, but presented in different ways. They will be subjected to an individual education session and they will receive a home education program. In session 2 (after 1 week), they will come back to ascertain that everything is understood.

The primary outcomes include pain intensity and disability status. Secondary outcome measures are pain pressure thresholds and psychosocial factors such as conceptualization of pain, pain Beliefs, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and illness perceptions. Pain thresholds will be assessed with the pressure algometer. Pressure will be applied bilaterally at 3 pressure points: one on the mass of erector spinae muscle, one on the quadriceps muscle, and one on the trapezius muscle. All outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, day 7 (immediately after session 2) and after 1 month follow-up.
BACKGROUND: Bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation disorders are a main feature of chronic cholestatic diseases. Promoting BA metabolism is thus a potential method of improving enterohepatic circulation disorders, and treat enterohepatic inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis due to cholestasis.
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of JiaGaSongTang (JGST) and its blood-absorbed ingredient 6-gingerol on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced chronic cholestasis, as well as elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanism.
METHODS: Chronic cholestasis was induced in mice via subcutaneous injection of ANIT (50 mg/kg) every other day for 14 d. Treatment groups were administered JGST orally daily. Damage to the liver and intestine was observed using histopathological techniques. Biochemical techniques were employed to assess total BA (TBA) levels in the serum, liver, and ileum samples. Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze fecal BA components. Bioinformatic methods were adopted to screen the core targets and pathways. The blood-absorbed ingredients of JGST were scrutinized via LC-MS/MS. The effects of the major JGST ingredients on farnesoid X receptor (FXR) transactivation were validated using dual luciferase reporter genes. Lastly, the effects of the FXR inhibitor, DY268, on JGST and 6-gingerol pharmacodynamics were observed at the cellular and animal levels.
RESULTS: JGST ameliorated pathological impairments in the liver and intestine, diminishing TBA levels in the serum, liver and gut. Fecal BA profiling revealed that JGST enhanced the excretion of toxic BA constituents, including deoxycholic acid. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that JGST engaged in anti-inflammatory mechanisms, attenuating collagen accumulation, and orchestrating BA metabolism via interactions with FXR and other pertinent targets. LC-MS/MS analysis identified six ingredients absorbed to the bloodstream, including 6-gingerol. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and dual luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed the abilities of 6-gingerol to bind to FXR and activate its transactivation. Ultimately, in both cellular and animal models, the therapeutic efficacy of JGST and 6-gingerol in chronic cholestasis was attenuated in the presence of FXR inhibitors.
CONCLUSION: The findings, for the first time, demonstrated that 6-gingerol, a blood-absorbed ingredient of JGST, can activate FXR to affect BA metabolism, and thereby attenuate ANIT-induced liver and intestinal injury in chronic cholestasis mice model via inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver fibrosis, in part in a FXR-dependent mechanism.
BACKGROUND: The inactive dephosphorylated and uncarboxylated form of the matrix Gla protein (dp-ucMGP) has been shown to be increased in plasma of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Our aim was to assess if the plasmatic level of dp-ucMGP could reflect disease endoscopic activity, presence of strictures and cumulative structural bowel damage in Crohn's disease (CD) patients.
METHODS: The plasmatic level of dp-ucMGP was measured in a monocentric cohort of prospectively recruited patients. The analysis was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay on blood samples collected the day of a planned ileocolonoscopy. In addition to classical clinical data (gender, age, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, current treatment), endoscopic data (disease location, Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS), mucosal healing (MH), presence of 9 CD lesion types) and biological markers (faecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP)) were collected. The association between dp-ucMGP level and Lémann index was also investigated. Univariate linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between dp-ucMGP level and different parameters collected.
RESULTS: A total of 82 ileocolonoscopies and dp-ucMGP assays were performed in 75 CD patients (45 females; 37 ileocolonic, 19 ileal and 19 colonic diseases) between October 2012 and November 2019. A total of 24 patients (29.3%) showed MH. The dp-ucMGP levels were not associated with MH, CDEIS, faecal calprotectin or CRP levels. Plasmatic dp-ucMGP levels increased significantly with age (p = 0.0032), disease duration (p = 0.0033), corticosteroids use (p = 0.019) and tended to increase in patients with intestinal strictures (p = 0.086) but not with the Lémann index.
CONCLUSION: The significant increase of plasmatic dp-ucMGP levels with age, disease duration and the trend observed in patients with non-ulcerated strictures may suggest that this extracellular matrix protein could be a marker of tissue remodelling and physiological ageing of the gut.
Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus 

Avoid use of NSAIDs, including sumatriptan and naproxen sodium, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs, including sumatriptan and naproxen sodium, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age. 

Oligohydramnios/Neonatal Renal Impairment 

Use of NSAIDs, including sumatriptan and naproxen sodium, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation. Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some postmarketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required. 

If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit sumatriptan and naproxen sodium use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if sumatriptan and naproxen sodium treatment extends beyond 48 hours. Discontinue sumatriptan and naproxen sodium if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
Participants of Cohort 1 will receive placebo matched to GDC-0853, orally once daily along with adalimumab, subcutaneously Q2W starting on Day 1 for 12 weeks. Participants will remain on a stable background therapy of MTX 15-25 mg/week (oral or parenteral; for participants entering the trial on MTX doses 15 mg/week, doses as low as 7.5 mg/week are allowed only if there is clear documentation in the medical record that higher doses were not tolerated or that the dose of MTX is the highest acceptable dose based on local clinical practice guidelines) and folic acid of at least 5 mg total dose weekly (or equivalent) as per investigator's discretion.
Alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) is a serious global health issue. Diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG), a pharmaceutical form of glycyrrhizic acid, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. We investigated the potential hepatoprotective effects of DG against ALI and explored the mechanisms of it. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were used to investigate the protective effect of DG on ALI induced by chronic plus binge alcohol exposure. In vitro, AML-12 cells were applied to evaluate the role of DDX5 in the hepatic protection of DG and explore the possible mechanism of STAT1 activation regulated by DDX5. The results showed that DG significantly alleviated liver injury, inflammation, and lipid deposition in hepatocytes. It also beneficially influenced oxidative stress dysregulation. RNA-seq expression in mouse liver tissue indicated that Dead-box helicase 5 (DDX5) might be a potential target of DG. Compared with the control group, the expression of DDX5 decreased significantly in the ethanol-fed group, while DDX5 was restored in the DG treatment group. In addition, the protective effects of DG against ALI were impaired by DDX5 deficiency. DDX5 inhibited the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) by recruiting the protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1) to STAT1. The protective effect of DG against ALI associated with oxidative stress, steatosis, and inflammation was probably via regulating the DDX5/STAT1 axis.
Metformin ER 1000mg daily D-14 to D-7. Metformin ER 2000mg daily D-7 to D1. D1 Begin Pembrolizumab 200mg every 3 weeks, while continuing Metformin ER 2000mg daily.
The subjects will follow the sitting regime during four days. Each day: 14 hours sitting, 1 hour walking and 1 hour standing and 8 hours sleeping.