anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
With more popularity of screen-based digital devices in the post-pandemic era, childhood myopia prevention and control has encountered a tough challenge on a global scale. Though the protective effect of spending more time outdoors has been well proven, the optimal practice for preventing or delaying the early onset of childhood myopia still needs further investigations, particularly in pre-myopic children around the school entrance age. It has been reported that there is a double-digit increase in myopia prevalence before and after elementary school entry, and young children with early-onset myopia are at great risk of rapid progression to high myopia later in life. Most recently, nightly use of 0.05% atropine eye drops is effective in reducing the incidence of childhood myopia. However, photophobia is a common adverse effect of higher concentration atropine, which may hinder children from daytime outdoor activities. Besides, little is known about the optical approach for myopia prevention in the existing literature. These unmet demands in clinical practice motivate us to propose a randomized controlled trial on myopia prevention with optical (Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments \[DIMS\] spectacle lenses) or pharmacological (0.01% atropine eye drops) modalities among pre-myopic preschoolers aged 5-6 years. To explore the adaptability and feasibility of DIMS spectacle lenses for pre-myopic children with normal visual acuity, we have conducted a pilot study and revealed that all 24 subjects can tolerate daily full-time wearing of DIMS spectacle lenses without significant visual complaints. In this proposal, we plan to recruit a total of 234 eligible participants who have been identified as pre-myopic and asymptomatic in a population-based eye care program in Yilan County. Eligible subjects will be randomly assigned to the DIMS spectacles (n=78), 0.01% atropine (n=78), and usual care (n=78) groups. Less environmental pressure is hypothesized in preschool compared with elementary school. Hence, pre-myopic children will be asked to wear DIMS spectacle lenses in a stepwise pattern: at-home wearing in the preschool stage and full-time in the elementary school stage. Cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) refraction and axial length will be measured every 3 months over the 18-month follow-up period. The primary outcome is the changes in mean cycloplegic SE over the study period in each group. The secondary outcomes include the cumulative percentage of incident myopia, the cumulative percentage of a fast myopic shift of SE, and the changes in mean axial length over the study period in each group. This proposed project may offer insight into the intervention strategy for myopia prevention and evoke the possibility of a reinvented eye care policy that may focus on early identification and intervention for pre-myopic preschoolers.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic inflammatory conditions of the distal gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This chapter explores the potential of Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1), a pattern recognition receptor, as a therapeutic target for IBD. We delve into the multifaceted roles of Dectin-1 in immune response modulation, focusing on its interactions with the gut microbiota and immune system. Key sections include an examination of intestinal dysbiosis and its impact on IBD, highlighting the critical role of fungal dysbiosis and immune responses mediated by Dectin-1. The chapter discusses the dual functions of Dectin-1 in maintaining gut homeostasis and its contribution to disease pathogenesis through interactions with the gut's fungal community. Furthermore, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underpinning Dectin-1's role in IBD susceptibility are explored, alongside its signaling pathways and their effects on immune modulation. We also present therapeutic strategies targeting Dectin-1, including innovative drug delivery systems that leverage its natural binding affinity for β-glucans, enhancing targeted delivery to inflamed tissues. The chapter underscores the potential of dietary modulation of Dectin-1 pathways to restore gut microbiota balance and suggests future research directions to fully exploit Dectin-1's therapeutic potential in managing IBD. By elucidating the complex interplay between Dectin-1 and the gut microbiota, this chapter provides insights into novel therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating IBD symptoms and improving patient outcomes.
Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative structural defect of tooth enamel characterized by a marked opacity, asymmetrically involving the first permanent molars and incisors. Some products containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) have been used in children with MIH. Casein, a protein derived from milk, promotes a remineralizing effect through enzymes present in the oral cavity. The objective of the study will be to evaluate the accuracy of a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V) in the indirect determination of the mineralization of IMH lesions by a dental foam based on CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse Plus™). Upper or lower permanent incisors of children aged 7 to 9 years will be included in the study. Two duly calibrated operators will select participants at the Ceuma University Pediatric Dentistry Clinic and the diagnosis of MIH lesions will be carried out using the European Association of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. Inclusion criteria will be permanent incisors with mild MIH lesions (marked opacities without structural loss) of at least 2mm in diameter, white or beige/yellowish in color and that do not present visible bacterial biofilm. Children with enamel malformation associated with syndromes, amelogenesis imperfecta, fluorosis and dental erosion will be excluded; and children allergic to milk proteins (casein). A questionnaire to collect demographic, socioeconomic information and etiological factors for MIH will be administered to parents/guardians. The color of the lesion will be measured before applying the dental foam at baseline and at other follow-up times. It will be measured using the VITA Easyshade V spectrophotometer (Vita Zahnfakrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany). This measurement will be represented by the luminosity parameter (L) and will occur three times on the same tooth to obtain the average values. The change in color (ΔL) of the lesion will be determined from the initial data minus the data after 1 month of evaluation (before the application of dental foam). The visual appearance of the lesion (opaque or shiny appearance) will be assessed initially (opaque lesion for inclusion of the tooth in the research) and further follow-up times (before applying the foam). The lesion will also be assessed tactilely (presence or absence of roughness) prior to the initial treatment and further follow-up times (before applying the foam). The presence of sensitivity will be assessed initially and during follow-up times (before applying the foam) using an air jet. Demographic, socioeconomic and data related to probable etiological factors for MIH will also be collected. The data will be subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis (tests for dependent measures and agreement analysis).
INTRODUCTION: Ultrasonography (US) in patients with obesity allows us to measure different layers of abdominal fat (superficial subcutaneous, deep subcutaneous, preperitoneal, omental, and perirenal), not assessable by DEXA or CT scan. Omental and perirenal fat depots are considered predictors of metabolic complications. Liraglutide is particularly effective in reducing weight in patients with insulin-resistance, but its direct impact on each abdominal fat layer is unknown.
METHODS: We measured, at the L4 level, all 5 abdominal fat depots in 860 patients with obesity (72.8% women, mean age 56.6 ± 1.5 years, BMI 34.4 ± 4.7 kg/m2, body fat 47 ± 2%, abdominal circumference 105.8 ± 3 cm), before and after 6 months of liraglutide treatment. Laboratory tests for glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were routinely done. T-student was used to compare intraindividual differences.
RESULTS: Weight loss was 7.5 ± 2.8 kg (7.96% from baseline), with no differences by sex/age/BMI. Greater loss was observed in patients with higher dosages and NAFLD. All US-measured fat layers showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) at 6th months. Preperitoneal fat showed a -26 ± 5.5% reduction and 46% of the patients went below metabolic syndrome (MS) risk cut-off values. Omental fat was reduced by -17.8 ± 5% (67% of the patients below MS risk) and perirenal fat by -22.4 ± 4.4% (56% of the patients below MS). Both omental and perirenal fat reduction correlated with total and LDL cholesterol. Higher perirenal fat reduction (-28%) was seen among patients with obesity and hypertension. Perirenal fat also correlated with blood pressure reduction.
CONCLUSION: Liraglutide induces greater fat loss in the layers involved with MS. However, the maximal reduction is seen at perirenal fat, which has been recently related with hypertension and could play an important role in modulating kidney's expansion and intraglomerular pressure. US is a reproducible clinical tool to assess pathologic fat depots in patients living with obesity.
The present disclosure provides a system and method for recommending injectables for cosmetic treatments. An input image including a body regions such as face, is received. The system uses a machine learning module to detect one or more injectable zones within the body region. The system determines an aesthetic score of the body region based on the injectable zones and identifies one or more injectable zones that can be modified by injecting injectables to achieve an augmented body region that has a revised aesthetic score satisfying a predefined threshold. The system then generates an output recommendation image to be displayed on an output device. The output recommendation image indicates the system identified one or more injectable zones that can be modified.
BACKGROUND: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Type IV (aka Vascular Ehlers Danlos, or vEDS) is a dominantly inherited mutation in the Collagen 3A1 gene (COL3A1). The disease is characterized by tissue friability and age-related susceptibility to arterial aneurysm, dissection and rupture as well as uterine and bowl tears. These clinical manifestations result in major surgical intervention and decreased life expectancy. Understanding how mutations in COL3A1 impact the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is important to managing the disease and finding treatments.
RESULTS: Skin fibroblasts from vEDS subjects heterozygous for the p.G588S pathogenic variant in the COL3A1 gene and a normal individual were cultured and studied. Proteomics analysis identified dozens of upregulated proteins related to extracellular matrix dysregulation that is characteristic of fibrosis. Gene expression libraries from cultured primary fibroblasts were screened for messenger RNA (mRNA) markers of ECM degradation. The proteomics and targeted gene expression array results were largely consistent with dysregulation of the extracellular matrix in vEDS. The data show upregulation of multiple Collagen proteins and genes, other ECM components, and enzymes related to ECM processing and turn-over. vEDS fibroblasts expressed significantly more cross linked C-Telopeptide of Collagen III (CTXIII) than normal fibroblasts, indicative of Collagen III degradation and turn-over. Further, the expression and activity of Lysyl Oxidase (LOX), an enzyme that initiates covalent cross-linking of soluble collagen and elastin into protease resistant fibers, is elevated in vEDS fibroblasts compared to normal fibroblasts.
CONCLUSION: Together, these findings suggest dysregulated ECM deposition and processing, reminiscent of a state of fibrosis. Therapeutics that target the dysregulated ECM proteins or help replace damaged tissue may improve clinical outcomes.
A system is provided for aggregating data relating to infant emotional states. Measurement data is obtained from multiple infant monitoring systems, each including an infant monitoring device and an infant monitoring hub. The infant monitoring device is configured to gather measurement data for an infant and the monitoring hub is configured to process the measurement data. A development model is generated at a remote infant developmental analysis platform. The development model reflects a relationship between measurement data and desirable emotional states for infants at various developmental ages. The development model may be sent to a first infant monitoring system.
INTRODUCTION: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the existing published evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of the endovascular aortic repair with chimney technique (ch-EVAR) and physician-modified stent-grafts (PMSGs) for the treatment of pararenal aortic aneurysm repair.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic search of all relevant studies reported until October 2023 according to the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines was performed. The pooled 30-day mortality, peri- and postoperative complication rates were estimated using fixed or random effect methods.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: A total of 679 study titles were identified by the initial search strategy, of which 16 were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A total of 1094 patients (ch-EVAR N.=861 and PMSG N.=233) (90% male) were identified. The pooled 30-day mortality rate was 3.4% for ch-EVAR and 2.6% for PMSG. The major adverse events (MAE) in the early period was 14.7% for ch-EVAR and 18.5% PMSG, respectively. Higher occlusion rate was observed of the chimney stents grafts (8.2%) than the bridging stents (1.4%) during the follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: Ch-EVAR and physician-modified technology are safe with low 30-day mortality in elective settings for pararenal aortic aneurysms repair. No significant differences were seen between the two surgical methods regarding the early major adverse events rate. However, higher occlusion rate for the chimneys can be expected over time.
Recent advancements in bioengineering and medical devices have been greatly influenced and dominated by synthetic polymers, particularly polyurethanes (PUs). PUs offer customizable mechanical properties and long-term stability, but their inherent hydrophobic nature poses challenges in practically biological application processes, such as interface high friction, strong protein adsorption, and thrombosis. To address these issues, surface modifications of PUs for generating functionally hydrophilic layers have received widespread attention, but the durability of generated surface functionality is poor due to irreversible mechanical wear or biodegradation. As a result, numerous researchers have investigated bulk modification techniques to incorporate zwitterionic polymers or groups onto the main or side chains of PUs, thereby improving their hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. This comprehensive review presents an extensive overview of notable zwitterionic PUs (ZPUs), including those based on phosphorylcholine, sulfobetaine, and carboxybetaine. The review explores their wide range of biomedical applications, from blood-contacting devices to antibacterial coatings, fouling-resistant marine coatings, separation membranes, lubricated surfaces, and shape memory and self-healing materials. Lastly, the review summarizes the challenges and future prospects of ZPUs in biological applications.
TRELSTAR is a white to slightly yellow lyophilized cake. When reconstituted, TRELSTAR has a milky appearance. It contains a pamoate salt of triptorelin, a synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). The chemical name of triptorelin pamoate is 5-oxo-L-prolyl-L-histidyl-L-tryptophyl-L-seryl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolylglycine amide (pamoate salt). The empirical formula is C64H82N18O13 · C23H16O6 and the molecular weight is 1699.9. The structural formula is:

Structural formula for TRELSTAR (triptorelin pamoate).

The TRELSTAR products are sterile, lyophilized biodegradable microgranule formulations supplied as single dose vials. Refer to Table 5 for the composition of each TRELSTAR product.

When 2 mL sterile water is added to the vial containing TRELSTAR and mixed, a suspension is formed which is intended as an intramuscular injection. TRELSTAR is available in a vial plus a vial adapter, and a separate pre-filled syringe that contains sterile water for injection, USP, 2 mL.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition useful for preventing and treating various diseases by making the composition include a substance capable of combining with oxidized LDL receptor and preventing in vivo ligand from combining with the receptor and a pharmacologically acceptable carrier. SOLUTION: This composition comprises (A) a substance (e.g. an antibody combining with an oxidized LDL, etc.), capable of combining with an oxidized LDL receptor and preventing in vivo ligand from combining with the oxidized receptor and (B) a pharmacologically acceptable carrier and is effective for treating diseases (e.g. diseases followed by thrombocytopenia, renal disease, etc.), caused by bonding of blood platelet or activated blood platelet to oxidized LDL receptor or taking in of blood platelet or activated blood platelet by a cell developing oxidized LDL receptor.
Participants will receive i.v. bimagrumab 30 mg/kg at baseline and at Weeks 4, 16, 28, 40, 52 and 64.
INTRODUCTION: Hemodiafiltration (HDF) and high-flux hemodialysis (hf-HD) are different methods of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) used for the treatment of kidney failure patients. A debate has raged over the last decade about the survival benefit of patients with the use of HDF compared with hf-HD, but with divergent results from randomized controlled trials. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to compare HDF and hf-HD regarding all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
METHODS: PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched until July 19, 2023, for randomized clinical trials comparing HDF and hf-HD in patients on maintenance dialysis. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.1, applying fixed or random effect models according to the heterogeneity between studies.
FINDINGS: Of the 496 studies found, five met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the hf-HD group, the risk ratio (RR) for all-cause mortality with HDF use was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67-0.88, I2 = 0%). HDF was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality, although the sensitivity analysis showed that the result differed between scenarios. Subgroup analysis showed lower all-cause mortality among patients without diabetes in the HDF group compared with hf-HD (RR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51-0.81, I2 = 0%), but not in diabetic patients (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.65-1.12, I2 = 0.0%). A subgroup analysis considering convection volumes was not performed, but the studies with the highest weight in the meta-analysis described convection volume as more than 20 L/session.
DISCUSSION: More clinical studies considering critical risk factors, such as advanced age and preexisting cardiovascular disease, are needed to confirm the supremacy of HDF over hf-HD on the survival of patients treated by these two forms of kidney replacement therapy.
Method and apparatus for registration and retrieval of medical information from a subscriber's database. A subscriber purchases database storage and enters medical information. In some embodiments, a card or a bracelet or a necklace or clothing or a tattoo, providing an access PIN and instructions, allows medical professionals to access the medical information. The subscriber's pharmaceutical purchases, prescriptions, and dosages can be automatically updated into the database. Various types of point-of-sale activation of the database are described. Other documents, such as wills, non-resuscitation instructions, etc., can be entered into the database. Access of the database is preferably by a fax-on-demand system, with access controlled by the access PIN.
Individuals who live in LTC are at high risk for osteoporosis and fractures, particularly hip fractures, which lead to pain and transfer to acute care. The investigators' previous work in LTC has shown that awareness and use of clinical practice guidelines in LTC are low. To successfully transfer knowledge, it is imperative to understand the needs of the LTC teams and to tailor KT interventions appropriately.

Interventions which focus on strategies to overcome barriers and on new ways to deliver and promote the uptake of best practices that are specific to both the learning needs of LTC health care providers and the operational/organizational culture in LTC are greatly needed. Interdisciplinary teams who participated in the Vitamin D and Osteoporosis Study (ViDOS) indicated several process barriers that may hinder the proper identification and treatment of fractures in LTC. There is a need to educate Ontario LTC practitioners on the osteoporosis guidelines. The investigators' aim is to facilitate the uptake of Osteoporosis Canada 2010 Clinical Practice Guidelines, across Ontario LTC homes using the ViDOS multi-faceted KT model. Furthermore, the investigators will have a greater emphasis on the implementation of guidelines which includes risk assessment and appropriate medication use.
Patients suffering from septic shock admitted in our critical care unit for less than 24 hours will be eligible. TBW, ECW and ICW volumes will be measured using the BCM just before (T0), just at the end (T1) and 1 h after the end (T2) of a fluid challenge of 500 ml of saline. Fluid responsiveness will be assessed using trans thoracic echocardiography (TTE). TTE will be performed at T0, T1 and T2. Blood samples will be obtained at T0, T1 and T2 to dose biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and of capillary leak. The effectiveness of fluid challenge on microcirculation will be investigated by measuring the tissue perfusion index of the urethral mucosa using the IKORUS UP device.

Patients will be followed until Day 28 after admission in the critical care unit.
When PD is being determined the patient will continue with the oral angiogenesis inhibitors for 2 more weeks. After 2 weeks, an Avastinscan will be made and/or a dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). After evaluating these scans patients in group B continue with angiogenesis inhibitors for 2 more weeks. After these 2 weeks(so 4 weeks after inclusion) another Avastinscan will be made and/or a dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and a FDG-PET-scan.
PURPOSE: A natural antibacterial agent is provided to enhance an antibacterial activity using soybean curd whey when culturing Sparassis crispa mycelium and to show stability without a change of the antibacterial activity in thermal treatment. CONSTITUTION: A natural antibacterial agent contains a culture liquid of Sparassis crispa mycelium by culturing the mycelium in a medium containing soybean curd whey. The medium further contains 1-10 wt% of sugar, 0.5-2 wt% of carbohydrate, 0.5-2 wt% of proteins, and 90 mg/100 g-110 mg/100 g of potassium. A food composition contains the natural antibacterial agent. A cosmetic composition contains the natural antibacterial agent. A feed composition contains the natural antibacterial agent.