anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
80 breast cancer patients and 30 normal patients with no known cancer history were enrolled in this study. All patients were female. The mean ages of cancer patients were 58.2 and 52.7 consecutively for cancer and non-cancer patients. The mean serum ATX levels of cancer and non-cancer patients were 1570.72 and 121.86 ng/mL consecutively (p=0.001). The cut-off value of ATX serum level was 178.49ng/mL according to the ROC analysis. The area under the ROC curve was 0.901showing that ATX is very efficient in distinguishing between two diagnostic groups (diseased/normal). ATX also showed good correlations with known tumor markers (CEA, CA15-3, CA125 levels). ATX levels were still higher than the cut-off value even in cancer patients with normal or low classical tumor marker levels.
BP001 is a promising small molecule compound that has been specifically designed to target and degrade Bruton's tyrosine kinases (BTK), which is known to play a crucial role in lymphoma development. Macrophages are important immune cells in inflammation regulation and immune response. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of BP001 on RAW264.7 macrophage activation stimulated by a high glucose environment. Our findings revealed that treatment with BP001 significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in RAW264.7 macrophages exposed to high glucose conditions. Furthermore, we observed that BP001 treatment also down-regulated the expression of BTK in these activated macrophages. To elucidate the underlying mechanism behind these observations, we investigated the phosphorylation level of NF-κB. Our results demonstrated that BP001 treatment led to decreased phosphorylation levels of NF-κB, thereby inhibiting the level of inflammation. In addition, we also found that BP001 could restore RAW264.7 macrophages from the pro-inflammatory state to the normal phenotype and reduce the occurrence of inflammation. The regulatory function of BP001 in autoimmunity is mediated through the degradation of BTK protein, thereby attenuating macrophage activation. Additionally, BTK plays a pivotal role in transcriptional regulation by inducing NF-κB activity. Consequently, it is not difficult to understand that BP001 effectively inhibits inflammation. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that BP001, a BTK degrader, can serve as a novel immunomodulator of inflammation induced by high glucose, making it an attractive candidate for further investigation.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Methyl gallate (MG), a plant phenolic compound, has known anticancer properties. However, its effects on canine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) are unclear. This study evaluated the impact of MG on cell viability, migration, and apoptosis in two CMT cell lines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: CMT-U27 and CF41.mg cells were used. In vitro experiments included MTT and scratch assays, Annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining, immunocytochemistry, and western blot analyses. An in vivo CMT xenograft mouse model was also used to observe the effects of MG on tumor growth and vasculature. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze vessel density and apoptosis in tumor tissues. Cell migration and tube formation assays with canine aortic endothelial cells assessed the anti-angiogenic effects of MG.
RESULTS: Data showed a significant decrease in cell viability and migration in both CMT cell lines after 24 h exposure to various MG concentrations. MG treatment induced dose-dependent apoptotic cell death and elevated cleaved caspase-3 expression. In vivo experiments confirmed tumor growth suppression 21 days post-treatment with 40 mg/kg MG. Tumor tissues displayed increased cleaved caspase-3 and reduced vessel density. MG also inhibited cell migration and disrupted tube formation in canine endothelial cells.
CONCLUSION: MG has potential as an anticancer drug for CMTs by promoting apoptotic cell death and reducing angiogenesis, highlighting its therapeutic promise.
Rural areas are noted for marked disparities in mortality, cardiovascular health, and access to health care. Prevalence rates for both coronary heart disease (CHD) and depressive symptoms in rural areas are higher than in urban areas. These facts are important because CHD patients experience high rates of depressive symptoms, which are associated with increased risk of getting and dying from CHD. Unfortunately, rural people with CHD and depressive symptoms do not receive needed therapy for depressive symptoms because of lack of mental health providers in rural areas, worries about stigma leading to treatment avoidance, and difficulty accessing mental health care because of barriers to travel to get care. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), reduces depressive symptoms in CHD patients, but in its traditional form (in-person meetings of patient and therapist), CBT is resource-intensive and inaccessible to most rural patients. Wireless internet technology has the potential to make CBT more user-friendly, and accessible to rural patients. There has been a proliferation of alternative, internet-based, remote-delivery CBT interventions recently. The permutations of remote-delivery CBT fall under two categories - real-time, face-to-face, video-conferenced CBT (vcCBT) and self-administered internet-based CBT (iCBT). It is unclear which category of these delivery modalities is more effective. Determining which treatment option is more effective for treating depressive symptoms in rural patients with CHD and depressive symptoms will identify an easily accessible treatment option for rural patients. Using a randomized, controlled, stratified (by sex) design, the investigators will compare vcCBT, iCBT and usual care in rural CHD patients on the primary outcome of depressive symptoms over time. In addition, the investigators will determine whether intervention adherence, satisfaction or acceptability moderate treatment effects. The investigators will also assess whether sex or stigma moderate intervention effects to determine whether effectiveness of treatment option varies by sex or stigma level. Data about outcomes will be collected at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months and provide important information about the trajectory of outcomes. Results from this study will provide new knowledge about which approach to treating depressive symptoms in rural CHD patients is more effective to improve decision-making in patients and healthcare providers, and increase the number of patients properly treated.
Women in their 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy who have significant pregnancy related pain (\>5/10). Subjects will be allowed to use the device during labor and one month postpartum.
Following the information, the attendant will provide emotional and physical support to the pregnant woman (such as massage, supporting the pregnant woman while moving, giving the pregnant woman a warm shower), and all interventions made by the companion and their duration will be recorded by the researcher in the 'Birth Process Support Form'. When the cervical dilatation is 8 cm, the Birth Comfort Scale will be applied to the pregnant woman, and two hours after the birth, the Birth Satisfaction Scale and the Postpartum Comfort Scale will be applied. Information about the birth process will be recorded in the Birth Information Form. In addition, semi-structured questions in the 'Companion Interview Form' will be asked to the companions selected for qualitative interviews and voice recording will be recorded.
The GLB curriculum will be adapted to direct participants to decrease the time they spend sitting in a day rather than to increase moderate+ physical activity as is the case in the current GLB program. In order for the participant to become aware of how much time they spend sitting and where most of their sitting time occurs, they will fill out a "7 Day Sedentary Diary" that consists of daily entry of time spent sitting over the course of one week. Participants will be asked to eliminate a 45 minute sitting bout in a day with non-sitting activity. They will initially be asked to eliminate 45 minutes of sitting for two days in that week. This will increase one day a week until 7 days in a week are met.
ADDERALL XR is a once daily extended-release, single-entity amphetamine product. ADDERALL XR combines the neutral sulfate salts of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine, with the dextro isomer of amphetamine saccharate and d,l-amphetamine aspartate monohydrate. The ADDERALL XR capsule contains two types of drug-containing beads designed to give a double-pulsed delivery of amphetamines, which prolongs the release of amphetamine from ADDERALL XR compared to the conventional ADDERALL (immediate-release) tablet formulation.

Inactive Ingredients and Colors

The inactive ingredients in ADDERALL XR capsules include: gelatin capsules, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methacrylic acid copolymer, opadry beige, sugar spheres, talc, and triethyl citrate. Gelatin capsules contain edible inks, kosher gelatin, and titanium dioxide. The 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg capsules also contain FD&C Blue #2. The 20 mg, 25 mg, and 30 mg capsules also contain red iron oxide and yellow iron oxide.
PURPOSE: To remove an unpleasant smell from an agent for perming by using a specific natural essential oil. CONSTITUTION: This composition contains at least one of natural essential oil obtained from Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Citrus sinensis Osbeck or Citrus aurantium subsp. amara, Caryophyllata Thunb., Pinus spp., Mentha arvensis L., Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Antheis nobilis L. The essential oil obtained from the Citrus sinensis Osbeck or Citrus aurantium subsp. amara in the natural essential oil has especially high effects and a citrus refreshing aroma and is extremely readily usable. Among them, the essential oil obtained from Citrus sinensis f. valencia has the highest effects. The content of the natural essential oil in the composition is 0.01-1.00wt.% based on the total amount.
BACKGROUND: Extension of prostate cancer beyond the primary site by local invasion or nodal metastasis is associated with poor prognosis. Despite significant research on tumour evolution in prostate cancer metastasis, the emergence and evolution of cancer clones at this early stage of expansion and spread are poorly understood. We aimed to delineate the routes of evolution and cancer spread within the prostate and to seminal vesicles and lymph nodes, linking these to histological features that are used in diagnostic risk stratification.
METHODS: We performed whole-genome sequencing on 42 prostate cancer samples from the prostate, seminal vesicles and lymph nodes of five treatment-naive patients with locally advanced disease. We spatially mapped the clonal composition of cancer across the prostate and the routes of spread of cancer cells within the prostate and to seminal vesicles and lymph nodes in each individual by analysing a total of > 19,000 copy number corrected single nucleotide variants.
RESULTS: In each patient, we identified sample locations corresponding to the earliest part of the malignancy. In patient 10, we mapped the spread of cancer from the apex of the prostate to the seminal vesicles and identified specific genomic changes associated with the transformation of adenocarcinoma to amphicrine morphology during this spread. Furthermore, we show that the lymph node metastases in this patient arose from specific cancer clones found at the base of the prostate and the seminal vesicles. In patient 15, we observed increased mutational burden, altered mutational signatures and histological changes associated with whole genome duplication. In all patients in whom histological heterogeneity was observed (4/5), we found that the distinct morphologies were located on separate branches of their respective evolutionary trees.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results link histological transformation with specific genomic alterations and phylogenetic branching. These findings have implications for diagnosis and risk stratification, in addition to providing a rationale for further studies to characterise the genetic changes causally linked to morphological transformation. Our study demonstrates the value of integrating multi-region sequencing with histopathological data to understand tumour evolution and identify mechanisms of prostate cancer spread.
Disclosed is a computerized method and system for estimating treatment costs for a health care product and/or service for a health care patient. The estimate of health care costs is calculated before the patient is discharged from the facility providing the health care product or service. The estimate of health care costs may also be performed prior to any treatment or admission to the health care facility of the health care patient. The estimate of treatment costs may include a patient payable amount that estimates the cost of the health care product/service that will be the patient's responsibility. The health care patient may be billed for the health care product or service prior to discharging the health care patient and/or prior to providing the health care product or service to the health care patient. If desired, a loan for the estimated patient payable amount may be arranged and/or provided to the health care patient to pay for the patient's portion of the cost for the health care product and/or service.
Dextran palmitate is made by heating dextran to 100 DEG C. to 155 DEG C. with a palmitic acid halide, preferably the chloride, in the presence of equal parts by weight of an acid acceptor and of a substance capable of dissolving or swelling the ester as it is formed, so as to produce a dextran palmitate containing 2,9 palmitoyl radicals per anhydroglucose unit.  The acid acceptor may be an organic base such as quinoline, pyridine or N-methyl morpholine.  The substance which dissolves or swells the ester may be xylene, toluene or dioxane.  The temperature employed and the reaction time depend on the boiling point of the mixture of acid acceptor and solvent.  Using a mixture of pyridine and toluene, a temperature of 100 DEG  to 115 DEG  C. is used for 1 to 3 hours.  With quinoline and xylene, a temperature of 150-155 DEG  C. is used for 30 minutes to an hour. The dextran employed may be native dextran produced microbiologically from sucrose, or it may be a dextran hydrolyzate having an average molecular weight of 60,000 to 80,000.  A composition of the ester in an organic solvent may be used to form chemical gloves.  The esters are soluble in non-polar solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene and the xylenes, and a film of the ester deposited on the hands from a solution in an organic solvent is not removed by water, soap and water or abrasives.
The gait performance of the cases was evaluated with a spatio-temporal gait analysis device named LEGSystm developed by BioSensicstm The device is controlled from the computer with its own software and instantly sends the raw data it collects to the computer via Bluetooth.The Modified Get Up and Go Test (MKYT), which is also supported by the legsyst, was used for assesment. The test was repeated 2 times and the average time was recorded. Legsystm provides information on double stride length, duration and speed of walking, as well as standing, turning, sitting times and total time.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Jiegeng decoction (JGD), consisting of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Platycodonis Radix at the ratio of 2:1, is a classical Chinese medicine prescription firstly recorded in "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". JGD has been extensively utilized to treat sore throat and lung diseases for thousands of years in China. However, the pharmacological effect and mechanism of JGD on acute pharyngitis (AP) remain unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Our research aimed to reveal the pharmacological effect of JGD on AP and its potential mechanisms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chemical components of JGD were analyzed based on the UPLC-MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory effect of JGD was evaluated by NO production using the Griess assay in RAW 264.7 cells. The mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 was determined by qRT-PCR in vitro. A 15% ammonia-induced AP model was established. The histopathology, the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1 in serum and the apoptosis-related genes caspease-8 and caspease-3 were determined by H&E staining, ELISA and qRT-PCR, respectively. The expression levels of p-p65, p65, p-JNK, JNK, p-p38, p38, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, and COX2 were measured through western blotting.
RESULTS: Nine compounds, including liquiritin, liquiritin apiosde, liquiritigenin, platycodin D, platycoside A, licorice saponin J2, licorice saponin G2, glycyrrhizic acid, and licochalcone A, were identified. JGD significantly inhibited NO production and regulated the mRNA expression levels of cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results of in vivo experiments confirmed that JGD ameliorated AP through improving the pathological state of pharyngeal tissue, decreasing the serum levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 and preventing the tissue mRNA expression of caspease-8 and caspease-3. Furthermore, JGD also inhibited the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the AP model.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that JGD could alleviate AP through its anti-inflammation via NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which supported the traditional application of JGD for the treatment of throat diseases.
Intravenous bolus treatment will be administered over 1 minute (min) at a dose of 1 microgram per kilogram (mcg/kg) followed by 24 hour intravenous infusion which is comprised of Period 1 (fixed-dose) with dose of 0.01 mcg/kg/min and Period 2 (flexible-dose) where dosage will be increased by 0.005 mcg/kg/min every 3 hours. Total dosage to be administered will be 15.4 to 35.2 mcg/kg.
A chest wall deformity is a structural abnormality of the chest that can range from mild to severe. Chest wall deformities occur when the cartilage that connects the ribs grows unevenly. It is not clear why this happens, but the condition tends to run in families. The two most common types of chest wall deformity are Pectus excavatum and Pectus carinatum, Pectus carinatum goes far beyond a simple esthetical problem. It can be responsible of physical signs and symptoms and also has significant psychological impact. Defects tend to worsen during pubertal growth spurts and even during adult life. Recent evidence shows that these patients are at risk for a disturbed body image and reduced quality of life and many patients refer feelings of discomfort, shame, shyness, anxiety, anguish, and even depression, which can lead to social isolation. Chest pain or discomfort, especially when lying in prone position, intolerance to physical exercise, scoliosis, impaired shoulders and kyphotic position are some of the physical signs and symptoms.Non-invasive treatment approaches for PC include compression orthosis and exercises that target the deformity itself and concurrent postural impairment and scoliosis. In addition, the formation of muscles can help close the deformity. Most evidence of non-invasive treatment is retrospective or prospective case series. In a prospective case series, patients were instructed to perform chest wall strengthening exercises, but the effects of the exercises were not investigated . Although, exercise training is recommended, there is no randomized study showing its effectiveness in the literature. Therefore, in our study, the investigators aimed to investigate the effectiveness of exercise therapy in addition to compression orthotics.
Eligible subjects will be randomly assigned into either the study groups (receive somatropin co-treatment) or the control group (without sopmatropin treatment). Polyethylene glycol recombinant human somatropin will be injected weekly (3mg/per week) for approximately 6 weeks, i.e. from the beginning of preceding menstruation cycle until the day of ovum pickup. Both groups will receive a similar common protocol for ovarian stimulation. In vitro fertilization with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection will be performed according to semen parameters. All embryos will undergo culture for blastocyst and the obtained blastocysts will be vitrified for deferred frozen embryo transfer. The Blastocyst formation rate will be the primary outcome measure.
PURPOSE:A liniment pharmaceutical, consisting of a drug efficacious ingredient and room temperature blending expansion type silicone foam material and capable of forming a silicone foam film containing the drug efficacious ingredient by blending both and directly applying to an application part and having improved touch, absorbability of the drug efficacious ingredient, etc. CONSTITUTION:A liniment pharmaceutical, consisting of (a) an useful drug efficacious ingredient, e.g. analgesic agent, anti-inflammatory agent, etc., and (b) a room temperature blending expansion type silicone foam material curable into a spongy form by blending at room temperature, preferably a liquid silicone rubber of basic multipack form and capable of forming a film of the ingredient (b) containing the ingredient (a) by blending the ingredients (a) with (b) and directly applying to an application part. Since the above-mentioned liniment pharmaceutical for external use has improved follow-up property, air permeability, touch, absorbability, sustained property and protecting action of the drug efficacious ingredient on an application part. Furthermore, physical stimulation, e.g. expansion pressure, etc., can be given to the application part to promote the absorption of the drug efficacious ingredient into the skin and remarkably enhance the drug efficacy.
PURPOSE: To obtain a separate dispersion for the subject use of ultrafine particles by dissolving an acrylic-based polymer swellable in water and a water- insoluble cellulose-derived polymer in an organic solvent, then adding and emulsifying the resultant mixture in water and removing the organic solvent from the emulsion. CONSTITUTION: A cellulose-derived polymer (e.g. ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate phthalate) and an acrylic-based polymer (e.g. a polymethacrylate) at preferably (1:1) to (2:1) ratio are dissolved in an organic solvent (methylene chloride is especially preferred) and the resultant mixture is then emulsified in water. The organic solvent is subsequently removed from the emulsion to afford a dispersion. Water may be removed from the resultant dispersion to form a pseudolatex containing 15-30wt.% solid substance. The prepared pseudolatex may be applied and prepared as a dosage form such as a tablet, a capsule or a suspension.