anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Bupropion hydrochloride, an antidepressant of the aminoketone class, is chemically unrelated to tricyclic, tetracyclic, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, or other known antidepressant agents. Its structure closely resembles that of diethylpropion; it is related to phenylethylamines. It is designated as (±)-1-(3-chorophenyl)-2-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-1-propanone hydrochloride. The molecular weight is 276.2. The molecular formula is C13H18ClNO•HCl. Bupropion hydrochloride powder is white, crystalline, and highly soluble in water. It has a bitter taste and produces the sensation of local anesthesia on the oral mucosa. The structural formula is:

Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) are supplied for oral administration as 150 mg and 300 mg white, round, extended-release tablets. Each tablet contains the labeled amount of bupropion hydrochloride and the inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glyceryl behenate, methacrylic acid copolymer and silicon dioxide. The tablets are printed with edible black ink.

The insoluble shell of the extended-release tablet may remain intact during gastrointestinal transit and is eliminated in the feces.

USP dissolution test is pending.
BACKGROUND: Supporting ageing in place, quality of life and activity engagement are public health priorities for people living with dementia, but little is known about the needs and experiences of community-dwelling people with rarer forms of dementia with lesser known symptoms. Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a rare form of dementia usually caused by Alzheimer's disease but which is characterised by diminished visual processing (rather than a dominant memory problem), which poses challenges for maintaining independence and accessing appropriate support.
METHODS: This study used a comparative qualitative design and focussed ethnographic methods to explore experiential differences in activity engagement for 10 people with the most common, memory-led presentation of Alzheimer's disease and 10 people with posterior cortical atrophy within their everyday home environments.
RESULTS: While the data collection revealed much rich variation in individual and contextual factors, some tentative high-level differences in the experiences of everyday activities could be drawn out, seemingly attributable to the different diagnoses' differing dominant symptoms. These included people with posterior cortical atrophy being less likely to use environmental cues to initiate activities, and more likely to withhold from asking for support because of preserved insight into the impact of this on carers. This lack of initiation of activities could be misinterpreted as apathy. People with posterior cortical atrophy also were discouraged from engaging in activities by disorientation within the home, and difficulties localising, identifying and manipulating objects. People with the more common, memory-led presentation of Alzheimer's disease exhibited more memory-based difficulties with engaging with activities such as forgetting planned activities, where to locate the items required for an activity and the steps involved. Despite these distinct symptom-led challenges, all participants and their family members demonstrated resourcefulness and resilience in making creative adaptations to support continued engagement in everyday activities, supporting the widely reported management strategies of people with dementia of the Alzheimer's type more generally.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings offer helpful insights into some the differing impacts dementia related visual and memory impairments can have on everyday activity engagement, which will be helpful for others navigating these challenges and the health and social care practitioners working with people affected by these conditions. The findings also highlight the vast individual variation in the multitude of individual and contextual factors involved in everyday activity engagement, and suggest important areas for future work utilising methods which are similarly high in ecological validity and accessibility as the home-based focussed ethnographic methods utilised here.
Compositions and methods for increasing delivery of antigen to B cell follicles are provided. The compositions typically include an antigen and a CD35, FDC-M1, FDC-M2, fixative-resistant antigen, FDCSP, CD21, C4, MFG-E8, CD21, or FC receptor binding moiety that are linked or otherwise conjugated to form a binding moiety-antigen molecule or conjugate. Typically, the antigen and binding moieties are polypeptides and in preferred embodiments, the binding moiety-antigen is a fusion protein. The binding moiety is preferably an antibody that specifically binds to CD35, preferably an scFv. The antigen can be derived from, for example, a virus, bacterium, parasite, plant, protozoan, fungus, tissue or transformed cell such as a cancer. Pharmaceutical compositions including the binding moiety-antigen or a nucleic acid encoding the same, and optionally an adjuvant are also provided, as are methods of using the compositions for increasing an immune response in a subject in need thereof.
Cohort 1 will receive 6 mg of FTX-6058 by mouth once daily. Cohort 2 will be dosed at 2 mg once daily by mouth, and cohort 3 will be dosed at 12 mg once daily by mouth. The Sponsor will reinitiate enrolment in the 3rd cohort (12 mg cohort) with the updated inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on review of available safety and biomarker data and with the recommendation of the DMC, a subsequent 4th cohort of 20 mg and potentially a 5th cohort of 30 mg may be initiated. A total of seven cohorts may be included. Following the first cohort, doses for all subsequent cohorts will be determined following DMC review of the safety and pharmacokinetic data observed in participants from the prior and ongoing cohorts. Alternate dosing schedules may be evaluated in some of the cohorts.
A computer may access one or more medical data tables storing medical insurance transaction data for a plurality of patients. The one or more medical data tables comprise a date column and a diagnosis column. The computer may identify, based on the diagnosis column, a set of patients having a biological condition. The set of patients can be from among the plurality of patients. The computer may determine, for each patient in the set of patients, an earliest date when the patient received a diagnosis of the biological condition. The computer may identify, based on the diagnosis column and the date column, a cohort of patients from the set of patients. The cohort of patients can lack a diagnosis from a collection of biological conditions associated with a date occurring during a predefined time window before the earliest date when the patient received the diagnosis of the biological condition.
BACKGROUND: This case report describes a case of Müllerian duct cyst that occurred in a male retroperitoneum. The cyst lesion is rare and complicated with diaphragmatic hernia. Müllerian duct-derived cyst is a rare developmental disorder that is more common in male pelvic tissues and rare in the retroperitoneum. We investigated the important role of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative diagnosis and disease prediction of this condition.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old male was found to have an abnormal occupying lesion in the left diaphragm in imaging examinations, usually healthy with no obvious clinical symptoms. X-ray examination showed a circular, high-density shadow near the left diaphragm. CT scan showed a soft tissue density shadow resembling a tumor in the left adrenal area, irregularly protruding into the chest cavity, with uneven density. MRI examination showed an irregular elongated T1 and T2 signal shadow in the left adrenal area. T2 fat suppression showed high signal intensity with unrestricted diffusion. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery showed left retroperitoneal tumor resection. The patient recovered well postoperatively and had no recurrence after discharge follow-up.
CONCLUSION: The preclinical symptoms of retroperitoneal Müllerian cysts complicated by diaphragmatic hernia in young men are difficult to distinguish, and it is difficult to diagnose other similar cysts with imaging. The method of combined CT and MRI diagnosis guides the endoscopic robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery for excision of cysts to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of such diseases.
For all patients presenting with a periappendicular abscess, an interval appendectomy is planned at 2 to 3 months after initial conservative treatment, which is considered mandatory for all patients over 35 years of age. If a patient is under 35 and asymptomatic and does not want to undergo surgery, a follow-up MRI at 1 year will be performed.
Pregnant women at 16 0/7 - 23 6/7 weeks gestation who have had prior preterm birth, have a normal cervical length, and will not receive any treatment. These women will serve as controls for Group 3.
State of research. The proposed trial has a common theme, i.e., the understanding of the enduring efficacy of psychological treatments in individuals who suffer from general anxiety disorder (GAD). There is meta-analytic evidence that bona fide psychotherapy is an effective treatment for GAD, but also for individuals that suffers from anxiety and depression. Nonetheless, in spite of the empirical evidence of the overall efficacy, there is a lack of randomized controlled studies that systematically investigate the therapists' variability (i. e. therapist effects) within the very same treatment protocol. The development of study designs to investigate potential health professional effects along treatment effects is a general claim for human interventions. This protocol includes one of the very first process-outcome trials in GAD that systematically examine theory-based patients' and therapists' characteristics simultaneously using longitudinal multilevel methodology.

Along with investigating therapist and patient characteristics, two methods for timing the check-in phase at the beginning of each session will be compared by keeping constant the standardized treatment manual for patients with GAD: (a) prolonged focus on subtle changes check-in condition lasting from 7 to 20 minutes and (b) a state of the art (SOA) check-in phase lasting from 5 to 10 minutes. To address the nested data structure, therapists will be allocated by a single-subject ABAB-design. A total of 80 patients (40 participants in each of the two conditions) with a primary GAD diagnosis will be treated by 20 advanced cognitive-behavioral therapy trainees at the psychotherapy outpatient clinic in the department of psychology at the university of Zürich.

Relevance. (a) Study population. GAD is a neglected disorder in the Swiss mental health system. GAD is associated with personal suffering, a reduced quality of life, and high economic costs. (b) Design development. Systematic integration of potential therapist effects is a neglected aspect in many areas of evidence-based human interventions (inside but also outside of psychological interventions). (c) Treatment development. Evidence-based treatments are usually far from being fully efficacious. There is a debate about innovative research agendas and how to foster the efficacy of such treatments. (d) Experimental process-outcome research. There is a need for future research to investigate theory-based therapist effects and in-session timing within rigorous experimental process-outcome research designs to better understand the factors involved in therapeutic change (e.g. http://www.nature.com/news/therapy-deficit-1.11477).
PURPOSE:To provide a reverse transcriptase-inhibiting composition exhibiting a reverse transcriptase-inhibiting activity and useful for inhibiting the multiplication of retro virus by containing a protoberberine type alkaloid. CONSTITUTION:The composition contains a protoberberine type alkaloid such as a compound of the formula (R<1> and R<2> are H, methyl, etc., R<3> and R<4> are H, methyl, etc.; X<-> is anion). The compound of the formula, etc., may be used singly or as a mixture of two compounds or more. The composition can be employed for the prevention and treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency of a mammal animal, particularly human immunodeficiency virus or adult T cell leukemia. The dose is 5-500mg, preferably 20-400mg, a day for an adult as the active ingredient.
Postoperative pain management is challenging. We used mice with a transverse laparotomy to study tactile allodynia measured by the von Frey test, pain at rest measured by facial pain expressions detected by an artificial intelligence algorithm, and movement-induced pain measured by reductions in exploratory activity. The standard analgesics morphine and ibuprofen induced distinct patterns of outcome-dependent effects. Whereas morphine was more effective in reversing pain at rest compared to tactile allodynia, it was unable to alter movement-induced pain. Ibuprofen showed comparable effects across the three outcomes. Administered together, the compounds induced synergistic effects in the three aspects of postoperative pain, mirroring the known advantages of multimodal analgesia used in clinical practice. We explored the impact of neuroimmune interactions using a neutrophil depletion strategy. This reversed pain at rest and movement-induced pain, but did not alter cutaneous sensitivity. Non-peptidergic (IB4+) and peptidergic (CGRP+) nociceptors are segregated neuronal populations in the mouse. We tested the effects of gefapixant, an antitussive drug targeting non-peptidergic nociceptors through P2X3 antagonism, and olcegepant, an antimigraine drug acting as a CGRP antagonist. Both compounds reversed tactile allodynia, while only gefapixant reversed pain at rest, and none of them reversed movement-induced pain. In conclusion, tactile allodynia, pain at rest, and movement-induced pain after surgery have different pharmacological profiles, and none of the three aspects of postoperative pain can predict the effects of a given intervention on the other two. Combining these measures provides a more realistic view of postoperative pain and has the potential to benefit analgesic development.
Ruxolitinib 20 mg orally twice daily for 28 days. Subjects may continue to receive treatment until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity.
A 71-year-old man was diagnosed as having right primary lung squamous cell carcinoma, clinical stage IIIA, but he refused treatment. However, the right upper lobe nodule and lymph node (LN) #4R showed gradual shrinking without treatment. Four years after the diagnosis, a new nodule was detected in the left lung field. We considered that this new nodule might be metachronous primary lung cancer, and hence resected it for diagnosis and treatment. The tumor in the left lung was diagnosed as basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, and that in LN #4R was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma with keratinization. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as having metachronous primary lung cancer that developed during the spontaneous regression of locally advanced lung cancer.
An apparatus for performing dental surgery includes a central processing unit that controls automated operation of the apparatus and a display that renders an image of a target tooth requiring surgical intervention. The image of a target tooth being created from an image file received from the central processing unit. An input device receives surgical instructions from a user for providing the surgical intervention. The instructions are provided to the central processing unit for process. The surgical instructions include visual indications on the image of a target tooth that is to be treated. A robotic arm that includes an end effector is in communication with the central processing unit. The central processing unit controls the robotic arm to remove a region of the target tooth. The system also simultaneously mills the final tooth restoration in a separate milling chamber.
60 patients who underwent laser surgery due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were included in the study. The sedation group (Group S, n=30), received 1 mg/kg ketamine and 1 mg/kg propofol as a bolus for induction. The patients then received an infusion of 100-150 mcg/kg/min propofol and 0.25mg/kg/h of ketamine for maintenance. In the general anesthesia group (Group G, n=30), anesthesia was induced using 8% sevoflurane by inhalation with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen; endotracheal intubation was facilitated without use of a neuromuscular blocker agent. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (2%) and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Our primary objective was to evaluate the need for post-operative mechanical ventilation.
Group A participants will complete the experimental protocol (swallow trials) with the conventional (commercially available) electrodes/sensors first. After a break of 10 minutes, they then will repeat the exact same experimental protocol (exact same swallow trials) with the experimental sensors (i.e., a wearable surface EMG sensors patch we are developing).
FIELD: parapharmacology; may be used as a means for increasing human stability to unfavorable environmental factors. SUBSTANCE: preparation contains, besides natural polyvitamins, macro- and microelements, adaptogenes and/or detoxicants in amount from 0.5 to 97.0 mas.%. Adaptogenes are vegetable and/or animal origin. Preparation additionally has alcohol, products of apiculture and binding substances. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 9 cl
The duration of each subject's participation in this study was approximately 64 weeks (or 1 year, 12 weeks), comprised of five study periods (Screening, Baseline, Pre-transplant, Transplant, and Post-transplant Follow-up). During the Screening Period (approximately 8 weeks), written informed consent (and assent, if applicable) was obtained and the subject had completed other Screening procedures to confirm study eligibility. Once study eligibility was confirmed, the subjects entered the Baseline Period (up to 3 days) during which time assessments would have been performed to establish a pre-transplant baseline. Once baseline assessments were completed, the subject entered the Pre-transplant Period (approximately 6 weeks) during which time mobilization, apheresis, AVR-RD-01 investigational drug product preparation and testing for release, and conditioning regimen administration to achieve myeloablation took place. Following completion of the Pre-transplant Period, the subject entered the Transplant Period (1 day) during which time AVR-RD-01 infusion took place. After AVR-RD-01 infusion, the subject entered the Post-transplant Follow-up Period (approximately 48 weeks), during which time periodic safety and efficacy assessments were performed to assess measures of engraftment, clinical response, and safety post-transplant.

In January 2022, the study was terminated early due to a decision by the study sponsor, to deprioritize its Fabry disease development program, and therefore, some subjects (n=5) did not complete the study (i.e., Week 48). Subsequently, in August 2023, the long-term follow-up study (AVRO-RD-01-LTF01), was also terminated early due to the decision by the sponsor to terminate the development program for Fabry disease, and therefore, no subjects completed the 15-year long-term follow-up study. This decision to terminate was not based on any safety or medical reasons.
INTRODUCTION: Evidence on the impact of nutrient-rich animal source foods such as eggs for improving child growth and cognition is inconsistent. This study aims to examine the impact of an egg intervention in children, along with behaviour change communication (BCC) to the mother, on linear growth and cognition, and nutritional status in children aged 9-18 months.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A 9-month open-labelled randomised controlled trial will be conducted in three urban slums in Hyderabad, India, as a substudy of an observational cohort study (n=350) following pregnant women and their children until 18 months of age in a population at risk of stunting. The children born to women enrolled during the third trimester of pregnancy will be block randomised in a 1:4 ratio into the intervention (n=70) and control (n=280) groups. Children in the intervention group will be supplemented with one egg per day starting from 9 months until 18 months of age. BCC designed to enhance adherence to the intervention will be used. The control group will be a part of the observational cohort and will not receive any intervention from the study team. The primary outcome will be length-for-age z-scores, and the secondary outcomes will include cognition, blood biomarkers of nutritional status including fatty acid profile and epigenetic signatures linked with linear growth and cognition. Multivariate intention-to-treat analyses will be conducted to assess the effect of the intervention.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study is approved by the Institutional ethics committees of ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated to policy-makers. Findings will also be shared with study participants and community leaders.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CTRI/2021/11/038208.
Arachnoiditis, a neuropathic disease caused by inflamation of the arachnoid membrane that surrounds and protects the spinal nerves,can result in a debilitating state that is characterized by numbing and tingling, stinging and burning in the lower back or legs, and possible muscle cramps, twitching and spasms. Current treatments are not always effective in treating the pain associated with arachnoiditis. Recent research has indicated that a group of chemicals called cytokines that are produced by various cells in the body may be responsible for generating the pain response. Medications that effect the release of cytokines or block the action of cytokines may reduce the pain response. Various anti-cytokine medications are now being used to treat painful disease states such as rheumotoid arthritis and Crohn's Disease. In this study the anti-cytokine medication, Thalidomide, is being evaluated for it's effect in treating pain associated with arachnoiditis.
Embodiments of the invention pertain to networked kiosks capable of providing enhanced health and/or entertainment and/or advertising information. In an embodiment of the invention, biometric measurement devices coupled with a communications infrastructure implement a system of secure information exchange and enhanced user security. In an embodiment of the invention, a user's cell phone wirelessly connected via the machine to a call center or other responder to allow for consultation when appropriate. In an embodiment of the invention, a security/verification system is built into the kiosk, so as to be able to verify a user's identity. For example, one or more cameras associated with the kiosk provide various types of visual data usable for security purposes e.g., retinal scan data, face recognition parameter data, and so on. In further embodiments of the invention, other security features are provided additionally or alternatively.
Process comprises submitting the ginseng root to the action of an enzymatic complex before extn. in the normal manner. Pref. enzymes are pectinases, esp. an extract of Aspergillis niger active at 55 degrees C and pH 4.5-3; cellulases, esp. an extract of Basidiomyces sp. Poris active at 50 degrees C and pH 4.3 and a hemicellulase extract of Aspergillus niger active at 60 degrees C and pH 3.5. The extract is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic prepns. The treatment improves the yield both by softening the material and by removing the cellulose walls.