anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies are currently defined by their clinical features, with α-synuclein pathology as the gold standard to establish the definitive diagnosis. We propose that, given biomarker advances enabling accurate detection of pathological α-synuclein (ie, misfolded and aggregated) in CSF using the seed amplification assay, it is time to redefine Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies as neuronal α-synuclein disease rather than as clinical syndromes. This major shift from a clinical to a biological definition of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies takes advantage of the availability of tools to assess the gold standard for diagnosis of neuronal α-synuclein (n-αsyn) in human beings during life. Neuronal α-synuclein disease is defined by the presence of pathological n-αsyn species detected in vivo (S; the first biological anchor) regardless of the presence of any specific clinical syndrome. On the basis of this definition, we propose that individuals with pathological n-αsyn aggregates are at risk for dopaminergic neuronal dysfunction (D; the second biological anchor). Our biological definition establishes a staging system, the neuronal α-synuclein disease integrated staging system (NSD-ISS), rooted in the biological anchors (S and D) and the degree of functional impairment caused by clinical signs or symptoms. Stages 0-1 occur without signs or symptoms and are defined by the presence of pathogenic variants in the SNCA gene (stage 0), S alone (stage 1A), or S and D (stage 1B). The presence of clinical manifestations marks the transition to stage 2 and beyond. Stage 2 is characterised by subtle signs or symptoms but without functional impairment. Stages 2B-6 require both S and D and stage-specific increases in functional impairment. A biological definition of neuronal α-synuclein disease and an NSD-ISS research framework are essential to enable interventional trials at early disease stages. The NSD-ISS will evolve to include the incorporation of data-driven definitions of stage-specific functional anchors and additional biomarkers as they emerge and are validated. Presently, the NSD-ISS is intended for research use only; its application in the clinical setting is premature and inappropriate.
BACKGROUND: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) can be complicated by thymoma; however, no standard therapy for thymoma-associated MCNS has yet been established. We herein describe a case of steroid-resistant MCNS associated with thymoma, treated effectively with rituximab.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 71-year-old Japanese man was referred to our department with severe proteinuria (20 g/gCr). Renal biopsy showed minimal change disease and computed tomography revealed an anterior mediastinal mass. Based on these findings, he was diagnosed with thymoma-associated MCNS. He was treated with oral prednisolone (50 mg/day) and cyclosporine, and underwent thymectomy and plasma exchange. However, no improvement in proteinuria was observed. He therefore received intravenous rituximab 500 mg, resulting in a marked decrease in proteinuria from 5328 to 336 mg/day after 1 week.
CONCLUSIONS: This case suggests that rituximab might be an effective therapy in patients with steroid-resistant MCNS associated with thymoma.
Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression has been reported with the use of opioids, even when used as recommended. Respiratory depression, if not immediately recognized and treated, may lead to respiratory arrest and death. Management of respiratory depression may include close observation, supportive measures, and use of opioid antagonists, depending on the patient’s clinical status [see Overdosage (10)]. Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention from opioid-induced respiratory depression can exacerbate the sedating effects of opioids.

While serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression can occur at any time during the use of TARGINIQ ER, the risk is greatest during the initiation of therapy or following a dosage increase. Monitor patients closely for respiratory depression, especially within the first 24-72 hours of initiating therapy and following dosage increases of TARGINIQ ER.

To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing and titration of TARGINIQ ER are essential [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. Overestimating the TARGINIQ ER dosage when converting patients from another opioid product can result in a fatal overdose with the first dose.

Accidental ingestion of even one dose of TARGINIQ ER, especially by children, can result in respiratory depression and death due to an overdose of oxycodone.
HR ALL included one or more of the following baseline parameters: age 30-60 yr, WBC count \>25x109/L and 11q23 or MLL rearrangements. Induction therapy included vincristine, prednisone and daunorubicin for 4 weeks. In pts with slow cytologic response to therapy (≥10% blasts in bone marrow assessed on d14) intensified induction with high dose ARA-C and mitoxantrone was administered. Early consolidation therapy included 3 cycles with rotating cytotoxic drugs including high-dose methotrexate, high-dose ARA-C and high-dose asparaginase. Pts. with slow cytologic response on d14 or MRD level \>0.05% after consolidation were assigned to allogeneic SCT (related or unrelated) and those with standard cytologic response on d14 and MRD level \<0.05% after consolidation received 3 additional cycles of delayed consolidation (identical to those of early consolidation) followed by maintenance therapy up to 2yr in CR.
This article proposes a dispersal strategy for infected individuals in a spatial susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) epidemic model. The presence of spatial heterogeneity and the movement of individuals play crucial roles in determining the persistence and eradication of infectious diseases. To capture these dynamics, we introduce a moving strategy called risk-induced dispersal (RID) for infected individuals in a continuous-time patch model of the SIS epidemic. First, we establish a continuous-time n-patch model and verify that the RID strategy is an effective approach for attaining a disease-free state. This is substantiated through simulations conducted on 7-patch models and analytical results derived from 2-patch models. Second, we extend our analysis by adapting the patch model into a diffusive epidemic model. This extension allows us to explore further the impact of the RID movement strategy on disease transmission and control. We validate our results through simulations, which provide the effects of the RID dispersal strategy.
The present invention relates to a Chinese patent medicine prepared from natural Chinese herbal medicines and a preparing technology of the Chinese patent medicine. The Chinese patent medicine takes pangolin, hedgehog hide, figwortflower picrorhiza rhizome, Chinese gall, sanchi, garden burnet, bee pollen, bud of Chinese scholartree, etc. as the main components, and the main components are respectively processed, crumbled and packaged to obtain the Chinese patent medicine. The medicine of the present invention has the functions of clearing heat and toxin, dispelling pathogenic wind, removing dampness, eliminating swelling, stopping pain, contracting for healing, etc., so common intestinal tract disease can be eliminated, and the functions of the intestinal tract are regulated. The present invention can particularly treat various kinds of haemorrhoids in different stages, haemorrhoids can be radically cured, and the present invention has high cure speed, labor and time saving, low cost, security and no pain for patients, no reserved sequela and no toxic or side effect. The present invention is suitable for patients treated by traditional therapeutic methods (operation, laser, etc.), but relapse happens to the patients, and is suitable for females who are shy and afraid to examine.
Elderly patients, particularly those with reduced renal or hepatic function, may be at increased risk for developing erythromycin-induced hearing loss. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the development of torsades de pointes arrhythmias than younger patients. (See WARNINGS).

Elderly patients may experience increased effects of oral anticoagulant therapy while undergoing treatment with erythromycin. (See PRECAUTIONS - Drug Interactions).

Erythromycin ethylsuccinate granules contain 16.7 mg (0.7 mEq) of sodium per individual dose. 

The geriatric population may respond with a blunted natriuresis to salt loading. This may be clinically important with regard to such diseases as congestive heart failure.
Injections containing saline were done every two weeks, for a total of 3 times. 21 G injection needles with injection technique of posterior approach were used. To provide blindness, all injections were done using injectors coated with non transparent tape. All of the PRP injections were done by the same physician each time, with compliance to preventive measures against complications such as infections. Patients and the physician who applied the injection were blinded to the groups, and the solution was prepared by another researcher who was not blind to the groups.
This work investigated the mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax by Stomoxys calcitrans to cattle in a region without a cyclic vector. The study involved two experiments, one with calves experimentally infected with T. vivax, in the acute phase of trypanosomosis (Experiment 1) and the other in the chronic phase (Experiment 2). In both experiments, two transmission methods were used with flies that had not fed for 24 h or had never fed: (i) Method 1: flies released freely in cattle pens (≈3,300 flies/pen for 10 days); and (ii) Method 2: flies placed in a feeding chamber (12 flies/animal). To develop Method 1 in the two experiments (acute and chronic phases), T. vivax-positive animals were kept with T. vivax-negative animals. Periodically, the Brener method, Woo method, blood smears, cPCR, ELISA, IFAT, and Imunoteste® were performed to detect T. vivax in the animals. We also recorded the animals' head tossing and hoof stomping and the number of flies near the pens' inner walls. Subsequently, biological testing was performed using lambs. For Method 2 in both experiments, flies inside the feeding chamber first fed on T. vivax-positive animals and later on negative animals. In both experiments and methods, we examined the flies for the presence of T. vivax through blood smears and cPCR of the proboscis and abdomen. In Experiment 2 (chronic phase), a test was conducted to determine how long trypomastigotes forms could survive on the blood of animals with different levels of parasitemia. None of the animals (calves and lambs) became infected with T. vivax or showed antibodies against it. During the evaluation period, the animals in the presence of the flies exhibited more hoof stomping and head tossing compared to those without flies (control). Additionally, there was an increase in the number of flies in the pens during the experiment. Only in Experiment 1 (acute phase) were T. vivax trypomastigotes and DNA found in the abdomen of the flies but not in the proboscis. In Experiment 2 (chronic phase), higher concentrations of trypomastigotes per milliliter of blood were associated with a shorter the lifespan of this stage of the parasite. In conclusion, under the variable conditions of the experiments (hosts, number of flies, and level of parasitemia), S. calcitrans was unable to mechanically transmit T. vivax to cattle.
Participants in this arm will receive treatment A in period 1 and treatment B in period 2. Subjects will receive a single reference FDC tablet of 16mg candesartan cilexetil/12.5mg HCTZ as Treatment A administered orally with 240mL of water and a single 16mg candesartan cilexetil/12.5mg HCTZ FDC tablet (GSK587323) as Treatment B.
Community Health Worker (CHW) will do door-to-door sensitization and invite eligible women to attend cervical cancer screening at District Hospital Dschang. At the hospital they will do HPV self-sampling test. HPV-negative women will be advised to repeat the test after 5 years while HPV positive women will undergo visual assessment of the cervix with acetic acid and lugol (VIA/VILI) and treatment if needed.
Test preparation (T): amlodipine besylate controlled-release tablets Specification: 5 mg Batch No.: 22102501 Content: 100.9% Expiry date: October 24, 2024 Storage conditions: dark, sealed at room temperature. Manufacturer: Overseas Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. Provider: Overseas Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. Take one tablet once a day.
BACKGROUND: One of the prominent causes of chronic liver disease worldwide is the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV believed that innate immunity contributes to a sustained virological response (SVR) to the treatment of Sofosbuvir (SOF) (+) Daclatasvir (DCV) (+) Ribavirin (RBV). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of SOF (+) DCV (+) RBV therapy and persistent HCV infection on the subset of natural killer cells (NK) in HCV genotype four patients from Egypt.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and ten patients with persistent HCV infections requiring SOF (+) DCV (+) RBV therapy were grouped, and a flow cytometry (FCM) study of the NK cell subset in peripheral blood was performed. The assessment was performed before and after three and/or six months of the cessation of viral suppression therapy when a patient had a long-term viral response (SVR). One hundred and ten volunteers from the National Liver Institute's (NLI) blood bank were selected as controls.
RESULTS: Patients with chronic HCV infection before therapy had considerably lower CD16+ and CD3- CD56+ cells than controls. Their levels increase during SOF (+) DCV (+) RBV therapy. In patients with SVR during treatment, CD16+ and CD3- CD56+ cells increased significantly compared to those who did not get SVR. Furthermore, CD56+ cells were significantly higher in patients with persistent infection before treatment than controls but diminished with the response to treatment.
CONCLUSION: NK cell activation following SOF (+) DCV (+) RBV therapy and polarization to cytotoxicity occurred early in HCV antiviral therapy and was elevated in the respondents. Our data illustrated that establishing an inhibitory cytotoxic NK profile is related to therapeutic outcomes.
A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to facilitate the efficient generation and submission of medical eligibility and medical claim data. In a method, a modified pharmacy benefits transaction associated with a patient is received that is formatted in a first predefined format. The modified pharmacy benefits transaction is parsed to determine an indicator and data is extracted from the modified pharmacy benefits transaction based on the indicator. A database is accessed to retrieve additional data that is at least partly based on a pharmacy with which the source is associated, a potential payor of the medical transaction or a medication that is a subject of the medical transaction. A medical transaction is generated that includes the extracted data and the additional data and formatted in a second predefined format. A response to the medical transaction is then transmitted to a source for display to a user.
The application provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating condyloma acuminatum and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating condyloma acuminatum comprises an oral preparation and an external preparation, wherein the oral preparation is orally taken, the external preparation is externally used to achieve the effect of treating both symptoms and root causes, and has good curative effect, quick response and low recurrence rate. All adopts natural medicinal herbs, has obvious effect on treating condyloma acuminatum, is safe to use and has small toxic and side effects. The preparation method of the oral preparation takes the water-ethanol mixed solution as a solvent to extract the effective components under the condition of decoction, is simple and easy to implement, can effectively improve the dissolution rate of the effective components, and has good preparation effect. The medicine is prepared, so that the taking and carrying are more convenient, and the patient does not need to decoct every day, so that the time is saved. The external preparation is prepared by leaching and sieving to obtain supernatant, and smearing to extract effective components for absorption by human body.
Myocardial infarction (MI) and its associated complications including ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure are responsible for a significant incidence of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ensuing cardiomyocyte loss results in neurohormone-driven cardiac remodeling, which leads to chronic heart failure in MI survivors. Ivabradine is a heart rate modulation agent currently used in treatment of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The canonical target of ivabradine is the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN) in cardiac pacemaker cells. However, in post-MI hearts, HCN can also be expressed ectopically in non-pacemaker cardiomyocytes. There is an accumulation of intriguing evidence to suggest that ivabradine also possesses cardioprotective effects that are independent of heart rate reduction. This review aims to summarize and discuss the reported cardioprotective mechanisms of ivabradine beyond heart rate modulation in myocardial infarction through various molecular mechanisms including the prevention of reactive oxygen species-induced mitochondrial damage, improvement of autophagy system, modulation of intracellular calcium cycling, modification of ventricular electrophysiology, and regulation of matrix metalloproteinases.
Youths and seniors in the intervention group will be paired to receive a novel five-week (3 hours/ week) bilingual (English/ Mandarin), intergenerational arts programme which includes guided museum tours, collaborative art-making and story telling as well as reflective writing. These sessions will be held at the National Museum, and facilitated by experienced artists and trained art therapists.
The participants will complete moderate intensity whole-body resistance training. This will consist of 4 sets with 4 exercises (leg press, chest press, back row, leg extension in appropriate machines) with a brief warm-up prior to each exercise. Each set will be interspersed by 2-min breaks. Each set (including breaks) will thus equate to 2.5 min. Intensity will be set a 12-repetition max (RM, i.e., can repeated no more than 12 times) or 10 repetitions with 1-2 repetitions in reserve (i.e., 10 repetitions where failure would occur within 1-2 more repetitions).
Early detection of CSU patients with low probability of a clinical response with antihistamines could undergo prompt initiation of therapeutic alternatives. The aim of the study was to develop and internally validate a model for predicting the clinical response to antihistamines in adult patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), who consult allergology and dermatology care centers. A cohort of CSU patients, recruited from four participating centers, were followed up for 12 months. Fifteen candidate variables were selected to be included in the multivariate model and then internal validation was done with bootstrap analysis with 1000 simulations. The outcome variable, clinical response to antihistamines, was evaluated with the UAS (Urticaria Activity Score) scale for seven days: "No response to antihistamines" was defined as UAS7 ≥7 points after at least one month with a maximum dose of antihistamines, while "Response to antiH1" was defined as UAS7 ≤6 points for at least three months with the use of antiH1. A total of 790 patients were included. Among the different models analyzed, the model that included age, angioedema, anxiety/depression, time with the disease, NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) intolerance, and UAS7 baseline was considered the one with the best performance (accuracy 0.675, HL 0.87, AUC 0.727). The internal validation analyses demonstrated good consistency of the model. In conclusion, this prediction model identifies the probability of response to antihistamines in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. The model could be useful for a personalized therapeutic approach according to individual patient risk.
BACKGROUND: Cortical thinning is a well-known feature in schizophrenia. The considerable variation in the spatial distribution of thickness changes has been used to parse heterogeneity. A 'cortical impoverishment' subgroup with a generalized reduction in thickness has been reported. However, it is unclear if this subgroup is recoverable irrespective of illness stage, and if it relates to the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia.
METHODS: We applied hierarchical cluster analysis to cortical thickness data from magnetic resonance imaging scans of three datasets in different stages of psychosis (n = 288; 160 patients; 128 healthy controls) and studied the cognitive and symptom profiles of the observed subgroups. In one of the samples, we also studied the subgroup differences in 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy glutamate concentration in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex.
RESULTS: Our consensus-based clustering procedure consistently produced 2 subgroups of participants. Patients accounted for 75%-100% of participants in one subgroup that was characterized by significantly lower cortical thickness. Both subgroups were equally symptomatic in clinically unstable stages, but cortical impoverishment indicated a higher symptom burden in a clinically stable sample and higher glutamate levels in the first-episode sample. There were no subgroup differences in cognitive and functional outcome profiles or antipsychotic exposure across all stages.
CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thinning does not vary with functioning or cognitive impairment, but it is more prevalent among patients, especially those with glutamate excess in early stages and higher residual symptom burden at later stages, providing an important mechanistic clue to one of the several possible pathways to the illness.
INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous coronary intervention is a well-established revascularization strategy for patients with coronary artery disease. The safety and feasibility of performing these procedures on a same-day discharge basis for selected patients has been studied in a large number of mostly nonrandomized trials. An up to date literature review should focus on trials with radial access, representing the current standard for coronary procedures in Austria and other European countries.
METHODS: The aim of this consensus statement is to review the most recent evidence for the safety and feasibility of performing same-day discharge procedures in selected patients. A structured literature search was performed using prespecified search criteria, focusing on trials with radial access procedures.
RESULTS: A total of 44 clinical trials and 4 large meta-analyses were retrieved, spanning 21 years of clinical evidence from 2001 to 2022. The outcome data from a wide range of clinical settings were unanimous in showing no negative effect on early (24 h) or late (30 day) major adverse events after same-day discharge coronary procedures. Based on nine prospective trials a comprehensive meta-analysis was compiled. Using 1‑month major adverse events data the pooled odds ratio of same-day discharge versus overnight stay procedures was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.35-01.24; p = 0.19; I2 0%), indicating a noninferiority in carefully selected patients.
CONCLUSION: Outcome data from same-day discharge coronary intervention trials with radial access confirm the robust safety profile showing no increase in the risk of major adverse events compared to overnight stay.