anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Vascular calcification is a frequently occurring complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study focused on the significance of long non-coding RNA Fas cell surface death receptor-antisense 1(lncRNA FAS-AS1) in ESRD-related vascular calcification aiming to explore a potential biomarker for the detection.
METHODS: The study enrolled 65 healthy individuals, 79 ESRD patients (48 patients with vascular calcification), and 93 early-stage (I-IV) chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The expression of FAS-AS1 in serum was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The diagnostic potential of FAS-AS1 was assessed in discriminating ESRD patients, vascular calcification, and the severity of vascular calcification. In vitro, the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with a hyperphosphatemia medium to evaluate the effect of FAS-AS1 on VSMCs calcification.
RESULTS: Elevated serum FAS-AS1 was observed in ESRD patients, which could discriminate from healthy individuals and early-stage CKD patients. FAS-AS1 was associated with the development of ESRD and the occurrence of vascular calcification. FAS-AS1 was also upregulated in vascular calcification patients, especially the patients with severe calcification, which showed diagnostic significance in evaluating vascular calcification degrees. Calcified VSMCs showed significantly increased levels of Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), which was attenuated by silencing FAS-AS1.
CONCLUSIONS: FAS-AS1 discriminated ERSD patients and was associated with the occurrence of vascular calcification. The knockdown of FAS-AS1 suppressed hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification via alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation.
In Stage 1 (dose escalation), patients receive either 75 or 150 mcg intravitreal ISIS 2922. In Stage 2 (randomization), patients are enrolled in either the immediate treatment group or delayed treatment group. Immediate treatment consists of intravitreal ISIS 2922 every 7 days for 3 injections (Induction) then every 14 days for 18 weeks (Maintenance). Patients in the delayed treatment group receive no immediate anti-CMV treatment but are monitored weekly for disease progression. If disease progresses, patient receives ISIS 2922 on an identical dosage regimen as those on immediate treatment. Patients may continue ISIS 2922 on a biweekly extended maintenance schedule if dose is considered safe and the CMV retinitis is clinically controlled. Per 2/8/96 amendment, patients are now in Stage 2 at 150 mcg.
PURPOSE: A fusion protein and a composition containing the same for anticancer are provided to efficiently suppress angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation with minimized side effects. CONSTITUTION: A fusion protein for suppressing cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis contains an antibody which binds to a cancer cell-specific antigen or a fragment thereof and VEGF-trap. The fusion protein is an antibdody which binds to Her2 or a fragment thereof and VEGF-trap. The fusion protein is trastuzubmab or a fragment thereof and VEGF-trap. The fusion protein contains scFv of trastuzubmab fused with VEGF-trap. The scFv of trastuzubmab has an amino acid of sequence number 5. The VEGF-trap has an amino acid of sequence number 13 or 14. A composition for suppressing angiogenesis contains the fusion proteins. A composition for treating cancer contains the fusion protein.
BACKGROUND: General practitioners (GPs) form the gateway to healthcare in numerous European countries. Their role in addressing and managing overweight/obesity in children is crucial. In Dutch guidelines, GPs are encouraged to proactively address weight-related issues during patient consultations, regardless of the initial reason of the visit.
OBJECTIVE(S): To examine the frequency, management and follow-up of GP visits of children for overweight/obesity and the identification by GPs of these children presenting with other complaints.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study. Health records from 2012-2021 in the Rijnmond Primary Care Database (RPCD) of children aged 2-18 with overweight/obesity who visited the GP were analysed. Children were categorised into two groups: those visiting for weight-related issues (group 1) and those visiting for other complaints but identified as overweight or obese by GPs (group 2). Data on patient demographics, reasons for contact, and management strategies were extracted.
RESULTS: From the 120,991 children, 3035 children with documented overweight or obesity were identified, 208 were excluded. The study population comprised 2827 individuals: 55% belonging to group 1, 45% to group 2. The frequency of first visits remained stable at approximately 0.5% visits per total person-years each year. Group 1 received more referrals (74%) and follow-up consultations (45.5%) than group 2 with 17% referrals and 19.7% follow-up consultations.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights a concerning difference in the management of the two groups. Strategies for effective management of overweight in children and the GP's role, warrant further investigation. Especially when overweight is not the primary reason for visit.
Taste disorders are frequent side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy (CTX). Dysguesia has prevalence rates of 16% to 1000% during CTX with sometimes also persistent courses. Impact of dysguesia on appetite, body weight as well as health-related quality of life was shown. Until now, evidence for adequate treatment options is limited to specific diary recommendations. Acupuncture in the treatment of side effects of chemotherapy was investigated for nausea and xerostomia, but not for dysguesia. Therefore, this randomized controlled trial aims to investigate hypoglossal acupuncture in comparison to sham acupuncture and standard medical treatment (dietary recommendations) in the treatment of dysgeusia in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for screening a substance which can inhibit absorbing food allergens, a substance for inhibiting absorbing allergens, an absorption inhibitor for allergens, and food and beverage, and medical supplies containing these kinds of absorption inhibitors. SOLUTION: Caco-2 cells originating from a human colon cancer are incubated on a permeable membrane, whereby a stratum compactum of a single layer like a small intestine from view points of a form and a function is formed. A cell judged to form a fully tight junction is selected. A substance to be detected (fermented food or digested substance) prepared by a buffer solution having a pH of 7.4 and, the food allergen (ovalbumin or the like) are added to the side of a mucosa of the selected Caco-2 cell. A quantity of the food allergen per unit time for penetrating from the side of the mucosa to the side of a basement membrane and per unit area is measured. The substance for inhibiting absorbing the allergen such as hexapeptide DKIHPE, tryptophan or the like is screened in this manner.
Subjects will receive single oral dose of 50 mg of Casopitant. There will be wash out period of 7 days.
Participants receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 and regorafenib PO QD on days 1-14. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The present invention relates to a reagent and kit for assaying antibodies against a novel autoantigen, tryptophan hydroxylase. The kit is especially suited for diagnosis of gastrointestinal dysfunction, e.g. in APS I (autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome, type I) patients. Furthermore, the invention relates to tryptophan hydroxylase as a drug target in the production of drugs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The invention also relates to a method for treating patients having an autoimmune disease. The method is characterized by the administration of a drug interacting with tryptophan hydroxylase or parts thereof.
PURPOSE:To provide a bathing agent containing shell membrane, having excellent skin-beautifying effect, available at a low cost and usable every day. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains, as an active component, 0.001-1000ppm (0.001-1000 mg per 1l of bathing water, in terms of solid) of membrane existing on the inner wall surface of an egg shell of birds such as chicken, quail and duck. The membrane may be used as it is as a bathing agent or compounded with conventional raw materials for bathing agent (e.g. sodium carbonate and sodium chloride), perfumery, colorant, excipient, etc. It can be used in the form of liquid, powder, granule, etc., and, as necessary, sealed in a paper or cloth bag or net. The shell membrane to be used in the present agent is the one collected from egg shell, powdery membrane produced by slitting and crushing the membrane or soluble membrane produced by treating the raw membrane with acid, alkali, redox agent, etc.
StrataMGT® is a semi-permeable, non-resorbable and self-drying gel. StrataMGT® contains no steroids, hormones, alcohol, parabens or fragrances. StrataMGT® gel is bacteriostatic, inert, and is manufactured in compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMPs), 21CFR210 and 211.
Proximal tubular uptake of aristolochic acid (AA) forms aristolactam (AL)-DNA adducts, which cause a p53/p21-mediated DNA damage response and acute tubular injury. Recurrent AA exposure causes kidney function loss and fibrosis in humans (Balkan endemic nephropathy) and mice and is a model of (acute kidney injury) AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. Inhibitors of the proximal tubule sodium-glucose transporter SGLT2 can protect against CKD progression, but their effect on AA-induced kidney injury remains unknown. C57BL/6J mice (15-wk-old) were administered vehicle or AA every 3 days for 3 wk (10 and 3 mg/kg ip in females and males, respectively). Dapagliflozin (dapa, 0.01 g/kg diet) or vehicle was initiated 7 days prior to AA injections. All dapa effects were sex independent, including a robust glycosuria. Dapa lowered urinary kidney-injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and albumin (both normalized to creatinine) after the last AA injection and kidney mRNA expression of early DNA damage response markers (p53 and p21) 3 wk later at the study end. Dapa also attenuated AA-induced increases in plasma creatinine as well as AA-induced up-regulation of renal pro-senescence, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes, and kidney collagen staining. When assessed 1 day after a single AA injection, dapa pretreatment attenuated AL-DNA adduct formation by 10 and 20% in kidney and liver, respectively, associated with reduced p21 expression. Initiating dapa application after the last AA injection also improved kidney outcome but in a less robust manner. In conclusion, the first evidence is presented that pretreatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor can attenuate the AA-induced DNA damage response and subsequent nephropathy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Recurrent exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) causes kidney function loss and fibrosis in mice and in humans, e.g., in the form of the endemic Balkan nephropathy. Inhibitors of the proximal tubule sodium-glucose transporter SGLT2 can protect against CKD progression, but their effect on AA-induced kidney injury remains unknown. Here we provide the first evidence in a murine model that pretreatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor can attenuate the AA-induced DNA damage response and subsequent nephropathy.
Severe steatosis in donor livers is contraindicated for transplantation due to the high risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Although Ho-1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HO-1/BMMSCs) can mitigate IRI, the role of gut microbiota and metabolites in this protection remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how gut microbiota and metabolites contribute to HO-1/BMMSCs-mediated protection against IRI in severe steatotic livers. Using rat models and cellular models (IAR20 and THLE-2 cells) of steatotic liver IRI, this study revealed that ischemia-reperfusion led to significant liver and intestinal damage, heightened immune responses, impaired liver function, and altered gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in rats with severe steatosis, which were partially reversed by HO-1/BMMSCs transplantation. Integrated microbiome and metabolome analyses identified gut microbial metabolite oleanolic acid as a potential protective agent against IRI. Experimental validation showed that oleanolic acid administration alone alleviated IRI and inhibited ferroptosis in both rat and cellular models. Network pharmacology and molecular docking implicated KEAP1/NRF2 pathway as a potential target of oleanolic acid. Indeed, OA experimentally upregulated NRF2 activity, which underlies its inhibition of ferroptosis and protection against IRI. The gut microbial metabolite OA protects against IRI in severe steatotic liver by promoting NRF2 expression and activity, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis.
Depression, anxiety, and trauma are common mental disorders that disproportionately affect adolescents and youth with HIV (AYHIV), and are associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) non-adherence and poor treatment outcomes. The integration of mental health services in HIV care for AYHIV is recommended, but is lacking due to few trained mental health providers, and lack of a well validated integration models. Transdiagnostic interventions based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and delivered by lay health workers are effective in addressing these mental health conditions and could potentially improve HIV treatment outcomes. Barriers to integration of these interventions in the care of AYHIV in sub-Saharan Africa include paucity of effectiveness data among AYHIV and the lack of adaptation to tailor implementation for the HIV care context, including the length of treatment (number and frequency of sessions) and the format of delivery. This proposal builds on the successful pilot of 'Psychoeducation, Relaxation, PrOblem solving, Activation, Cognitive coping Therapy' (PROACT), a brief, modular and transdiagnostic intervention for adolescents and youth with mild to moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety in Kenya that resulted in clinically significant reduction in symptoms. The intervention can be delivered in stand-alone modules either in person or by phone, making it particularly appropriate for AYHIV when school is in session. In this project, we propose to further adapt PROACT for the HIV care setting through a stakeholder engagement process with policymakers, mental health and adolescent HIV practitioners, and AYHIV. Using a hybrid 1 cluster randomized trial in 30 HIV clinics in Kenya, we will assess the effectiveness of PROACT in reducing depressive, anxiety and trauma symptoms 6 months and 12 months after enrolment, comparing 300 AYHIV with mild to moderate symptoms in intervention to 300 in control clinics. To inform the integration of the intervention in routine care, we will measure implementation outcomes including reach, fidelity and maintenance, and explore multilevel determinants influencing reach, fidelity and maintenance in mental health screening and management, acceptability of training by providers and satisfaction with services by AYHIV. We will also conduct an economic evaluation through a time-driven activity-based costing of the intervention's implementation activities within the 30 clinics in participating in the study to estimate the implementation costs from a patient and health system perspective.
PURPOSE:To provide an antineoplastic agent containing homocarnosine or its salt as active component, having increased tumor immune reaction, exhibiting antineoplastic effect, and having high safety. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains the homocarnosine of formula or its salt as an active component. Homocarnosine is a dipeptide extracted from the bovine brains. The antineoplastic activity of homocarnosine promoting the nonspecific active immune reaction (immune promoting agent) or promoting the tumor immune reaction different from the direct action to the transplanted cancer cell or from the action of the conventional immune promoting agent, has been established by the use of two experimental systems of the allogeneic DDY- S-180 and the isogeneic BALB/C-METH-A. The administered homocarnosine is hydrolyzed in the body into L-histidine and GABA. The effective dose of homocarnosine, i.e. 50mg/kg (by subcutaneous injection) (2.5g for adult) corresponds to about 1.1g of GABA, and it can be said from the permissible dose of GABA, that the homocarnosine has high safety.
Acute myocardial infarction is caused by an abrupt occlusion of coronary vessel or severe reduction of coronary flow. It has been shown that the reperfusion therapy significantly improves the clinical outcome. Currently the optimal strategy is the primary angioplasty with stent implantation. The treatment is recommended by AHA/ACC and ESC if can be performed within 90 minutes from the first medical contact. However there is still a certain percentage of procedure failure. To further improve the outcome new techniques and devices are tested . Aspiration thrombectomy may facilitate the reperfusion by reducing thrombus burden. The aim of the study is to assess if adjunctive thrombectomy may improve clinical outcome in patients with an acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.
A use of bio-transformed bear bile powder in preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs is disclosed. The present invention carries out a comparative research on the anti-inflammatory drug activity of bio-transformed bear bile powder and natural bear bile powder. A research is made on the effect of the bio-transformed bear bile powder and natural bear bile powder on carrageenan-induced rat inflammation models, and a research is made on the effect of the bio-transformed bear bile powder on LPS-induced lung inflammation in mice. Experimental results show that the bio-transformed bear bile powder administration group obviously reduces plantar swelling of carrageenan-induced inflammation model in rats, and the effect thereof is not lower than that of the natural bear bile powder. Both the bio-transformed bear bile powder and the natural bear bile powder can significantly reduce levels of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in the lung and the serum. It is therefore that the bio-transformed bear bile powder can be used to prepare the anti-inflammatory drugs.
A biocompatible material and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, in which the safety and human body absorption anger are improved by using young fish scales. A biocompatible material and a manufacturing method thereof are as follows. The biocompatible material comprises the composite having the collagen of the young fish scale as the main component like the hydroxyapatite. The molecular weight of hydroxyapatite is 1000. The molecular weight of the collagen is 500~1000. The composite is obtained by mixing hydroxyapatite extract and the collagen extract at a ratio of 8:2 and drying the mixture.
Assignments to therapy in the biomarker driven arms will be done on the basis of the biomarker signature using the current information about the efficacy of the various regimens for that signature. Information from previous studies may be incorporated in the randomization at study onset if such reliable data exists. Specifically, patients with an intact androgen receptor (AR) and without TP53 mutations will have increased chance of being randomized to treatment with ARSi.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review discusses updates in the prediction and prevention of future rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
RECENT FINDINGS: In individuals with musculoskeletal symptoms and elevated antibodies to citrullinated proteins (ACPA) without clinical inflammatory arthritis (IA), a 'simple' score has a positive predictive value (PPV) of ∼28% for clinical IA/RA within 1 year, and a comprehensive score (including ultrasound) has a PPV of ∼71% for clinical RA within 5 years. Controlled clinical trials in individuals at-risk for future RA have been performed using corticosteroids, rituximab, atorvastatin, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine and abatacept. Abatacept modestly reduced rates of incident clinical RA and imaging inflammation within the trials, rituximab delayed clinical IA, and methotrexate improved function, symptoms and imaging inflammation. Vitamin D with or without omega 3 fatty acids reduced incidence of autoimmune diseases, including RA. While not proven in controlled clinical trials, observational studies suggest exercise, weight loss and smoking cessation may reduce progression to clinical RA.
SUMMARY: Prediction and prevention of RA is advancing although there are no currently approved interventions for prevention. Future studies should include deeper evaluation of the pathophysiology of RA development to improve prediction and identify key pathways to target in future clinical trials, as well as develop infrastructure to support prevention-related research.
No drug-drug interaction studies have been conducted with norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol.

In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that estrogens are metabolized partially by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Therefore, inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 may affect estrogen drug metabolism. Inducers of CYP3A4 such as St. John’s Wort preparations (Hypericum perforatum), Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and rifampin may reduce plasma concentrations of estrogens, possibly resulting in a decrease in therapeutic effects and/or changes in the uterine bleeding profile. Inhibitors of CYP3A4 such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, intraconazole, ritonavir and grapefruit juice may increase plasma concentrations of estrogens and may result in side effects.

The following section contains information on drug interactions with ethinyl estradiol-containing products (specifically, oral contraceptives) that have been reported in the public literature. It is unknown whether such interactions occur with norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol or drug products containing other types of estrogens.

### The Effect of Ethinyl Estradiol on Other Drugs

Drug products containing ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the metabolism of other compounds. Increased plasma concentrations of cyclosporin, prednisolone, and theophylline have been reported with concomitant administration of certain drugs containing ethinyl estradiol (e.g., oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol). In addition, drugs containing ethinyl estradiol may induce the conjugation of other compounds.

Decreased plasma concentrations of acetaminophen and increased clearance of temazapam, salicylic acid, morphine, and clofibric acid have been noted when these drugs were administered with certain ethinyl-estradiol containing drug products (e.g., oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol).
BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a frequent disease. It is a critical health concern that can influence functional capacity by restricting living activities.
OBJECTIVES: The current study is to investigate the effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (TVNs) in the management of CLBP.
METHODS: We searched the databases on Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Pedro for randomized clinical trial (RCT) studies published in any language that looked at the effectiveness of TVNs in people with chronic LBP. The inclusion criteria were PICO. Participants in the research were people (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with persistent low back pain for more than 3 months. Study quality was assessed using Cochrane ROB 2.
RESULTS: Our database search found 1084 RCT. A number of studies that were not necessary for the issue were removed, and the overall outcome was six trials. Risk of bias (ROB) evaluations at the study level (derived from outcomes) are reported. In the six studies, two (33.3%) had an overall uncertain ROB (i.e., some concerns), whereas one (16.7%) had a high overall ROB. Three trials (50%) had a low overall RoB.
CONCLUSION: There is still no evidence to support the use of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as a viable therapeutic rehabilitation strategy. Therefore, we recommend high-quality trials and long-term follow-up to evaluate disability, quality of life, and pain outcomes in these patients.