anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity of the spine, of uncertain etiology, but multifactorial and mainly involves characteristic changes in the sagittal plane also, changes in the coronal plane, and varying degrees of vertebral rotation in the axial plane. The prevalence of scoliosis in the general population worldwide is 0.93% to 12%. In the last few decades, different factors affecting the prevalence of scoliosis have been identified, such as gender, age, skeletal maturity, body mass index, family history, and ethnicity. Discussions about the causes of scoliosis are still ongoing, whether it is only genetic or due to factors such as exercise and environment. In recent studies, pre-scoliotic changes are also examined. Some risk factors for the development of scoliosis include gender, age, ethnicity, and family history. Since apical rotation, gibbosity, and costa vertebral angle are considered to be associated with rotation in the literature, these parameters have been defined as risk factors for the progression of the curve.

Cobb angle, Risser sign, and chronological age are taken as the basis to determine the progression of scoliosis. The main diagnostic criterion for scoliosis with varying degrees of vertebral axial rotation is spinal curvature greater than or equal to 10° in the coronal plane on a flat anteroposterior X-ray image. The Adam's Test is universally accepted as the primary means of diagnosing scoliosis. The Adam's test shows the rotational component of scoliosis. The onset, progression, and treatment of scoliosis include biomechanical changes and parameters. Structural changes, biomechanical changes, and asymmetries develop between the concave and convex sides. Some studies show that paravertebral muscle asymmetry is caused by the curvature of the spine. Trapeze, LD (latissimus dorsi), and erector spine muscles are examples of paravertebral muscles affected.

The LD is a large, smooth muscle lining the lower posterior rib cage and is one of the paravertebral muscles most commonly affected in scoliosis. LD has shoulder, lumbar spine, and sacroiliac joint connections. Scapula, rib cage, and lumbar region deformities seen in scoliosis can be explained by LD. This may make LD a significant cause of scoliosis. In addition, dynamic and static muscle activation rates of LD should be considered in the diagnosis of scoliosis.

Although guidelines have been established for treatments in the direction of spinal curvature, the choice of treatment type is often subjective and based on clinicians' experience. In the treatment of scoliosis, treatment methods such as physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise (PSSE), corset, surgery, EMG biofeedback, and neuromuscular training are used. Asymmetry observed in the paraspinal muscles of individuals with scoliosis made us think that we should analyze the LD muscular activations in more detail. The aim of our study is to examine the muscle activation values of the lateral and medial parts of the LD during isometric exercises.
This intervention consists of two audio-based sessions delivered one week apart. The first session lasts approximately 30 minutes, and the second session lasts approximately 15 minutes. The sessions are audio recordings. The first session introduces behavioral activation and provides instruction for how to schedule and engage in positively reinforcing activities. The second session recaps the principles of behavioral activation and guides participants through methods of troubleshooting. After each session, participants are asked to create an activity schedule for the coming week. Then, each day in the week following each session, participants receive an email with a survey asking them to report on their activity and mood in the previous day.
TDCS will be delivered with two saline-soaked sponge electrodes. The main electrode to anodal stimulation will be placed over the motor cortex, M1. The second electrode is neutral and will be placed on the skin overlying the supraorbital region The current will be delivered at the intensity of 2mA for 20 minutes. The procedure will be repeated at five consecutive days.
Mothers with a term-born (\>37 weeks gestation) infant whom they are exclusively or predominantly breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum. Mothers must be enrolled in the MaPPS Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03287882).
We recruited a total of 25 patients (23 completed the study) with T2DM who had uncontrolled disease on two or more oral antidiabetic drugs. After the wash-up period, they were randomized alternately to first receive either IDeg-100 or IGlar-300 along with metformin. Each insulin was applied for 12 weeks. At the beginning and the end of each phase, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were analysed and augmentation index was measured. On three consecutive days prior to each control point, patients performed a 7-point SMBG profile. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring thiol groups and hydroperoxides (d-ROM) in serum. For augmentation index measuring, we used SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia) which allow non-invasive measurement of AIx on radial artery using strain gauge transducer placed on the tip of a pencil-type tonometer. This method is based on the principle of applanation tonometry
Background. It is known that vasculogenic disorders play a leading role in the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. Cardiovascular risk factors that cause vascular pathologies are also the main actors among the causes of erectile dysfunction. The thickness of the carotid artery intima-media (CIMT) is useful for demonstrate cardiovascular disorders. For this reason, the relationship between CIMT and erectile dysfunction and its use in predicting the response to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5-I) are encountered in the literature. In this study, the investigators also evaluated the predictive value of CIMT in subgroups of patients according to the severity of erectile dysfunction. Methods. A total of 181 subjects were divided into two groups as patient group (n:150) and control group (n:31). The patients were also divided into subgroups as severe, moderate, mild-moderate, mild erectile dysfunction. Blood tests, carotid ultrasonography and The International Erectile Function Index-5 form (IIEF-5) were applied to all subjects. Tadalafil was administered to each patient. The patients were re-evaluated using the IIEF-5 questionnaire after 2 months of treatment period. According to response to medication, patients were also divided into subgroups as responders and non-responders. Results. Fasting blood glucose, BMI, IIEF score and CIMT were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group. The thickness of the carotid artery intima-media thickness was significantly correlated with IIEF-5 score. When the total patient group is evaluated, CIMT value of the responders was significantly lower compared to the non-responders. Carotid artery intima-media was significantly higher in nonresponders of patients with moderate/mild-moderate erectile dysfunction compared to responders, while there were no significant difference in CIMT between responders and non-responders of patients with severe/mild erectile dysfunction. Discussion. In patients with moderate/mild-moderate erectile dysfunction, increased CIMT is associated with an nonresponse to PDE5-I.
New pharmaceutical forms to be known as farmoids comprise tablets containing a medicament and each having an average weight from 100 to 700 mg., around which is from 30 to 200 mg. of excipients forming a sugar external coat and having a wrinkled orange-peel-like surface, and may be prepared by heating tablets coated with a protective resinous material to from 35 DEG C. to 60 DEG C. in a coating pan rotating at from 5 to 30 r.p.m., and spraying on to the protected tablets, with air, a sugar solution or suspension for coating, the solution or suspension being at from 15 DEG C. to 80 DEG C., the sprayed air being at from 20 DEG C. to 65 DEG C., and the coating mixture: air ratio being from 1:4 to 1:20 by volume.  The pressure of the sprayed air may be from 0.5 to 2.5 atmospheres in the general circuit and from 0.1 to 1.5 atmospheres in the coating liquid container; the density of the coating liquid may be from 1.15 to 1.37 at 17.5 DEG C.  The farmoid may be polished with a polishing solution such as a natural or synthetic gum or resin (e.g. benzoin or lac gum) or carnauba wax dispersed or dissolved in suitable solvents.  The sugar solution comprises sorbitol or saccharose and may also contain inert excipients, e.g. calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, starch, talc and natural gum; colouring substances; a plasticizing agent, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol or a polyethylene glycol; a surface active agent, e.g. polyoxyethylene ester of sorbitol; and solvents, e.g. ethyl alcohol and acetone.  The coating mixture may be loaded with pharmaceutical substances, e.g. a mixture of vitamin B12 and folic acid, which must be kept separated from the components of the tablet.
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the safety and quality of recovery (QOR) after discharge on postoperative day (POD) 1 following subxiphoid thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection within an advanced Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was conducted. Characteristics, perioperative and outcome data, compliance with ERAS pathways and a home-transition QOR survey were analysed using a multivariable logistic regression model.
RESULTS: From January 2020 to January 2022, a total of 201 consecutive patients underwent subxiphoid multiportal thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection, comprising 108 lobectomies and 93 sublobar resections (SLRs) (59 complex SLRs and 34 simple SLRs). Among them, 113 patients (56%) were discharged on POD 1, 49% after a lobectomy, 59% after a simple sublobar resection and 68% after a complex sublobar resection. In the multivariable analysis, age > 74 years and duration of the operation were associated with discharge after POD 1, whereas forced expiratory volume in 1 s and complex SLRs were associated with discharge on POD 1. Chest tube removal was achieved on POD 0 in 58 patients (29%), and 138 patients (69%) were free from a chest tube on POD 1. There were 13% with in-hospital morbidity, 10% with 90-day readmission (7% after POD 1 discharge and 14% in patients discharged after POD 1), and 0.5% with 90-day mortality. Patients discharged on POD 1 showed better compliance with the ERAS pathway with early chest tube removal and opioid-free analgesia. The home-transition QOR survey reported a better experience of returning home after discharge on POD 1 and similar pain scores.
CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative day 1 discharge can be safely achieved in appropriately selected patients after subxiphoid thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection, with excellent outcomes and high quality of recovery, supported by early chest tube removal as a determinant ERAS pathway.
With the increased prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the world, effective pharmacotherapy in clinical practice is still lacking. Previous studies have shown that dibenzazepine (DBZ), a Notch inhibitor, could alleviate NASH development in a mouse model. However, low bioavailability, poor water solubility, and extrahepatic side effects restrict its clinical application. To overcome these barriers, we developed a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive nanoparticle based on the conjugation of bilirubin to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains, taking into account the overaccumulation of hepatic ROS in the pathologic state of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The PEGylated bilirubin can self-assemble into nanoparticles in an aqueous solution and encapsulate insoluble DBZ into its hydrophobic cavity. DBZ nanoparticles (DBZ Nps) had good stability, rapidly released DBZ in response to H2O2, and effectively scavenged intracellular ROS of hepatocytes. After systemic administration, DBZ Nps could accumulate in the liver of the NASH mice, extend persistence in circulation, and improve the bioavailability of DBZ. Furthermore, DBZ Nps significantly improved glucose intolerance, relieved hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation, and ameliorated NASH-induced liver fibrosis. Additionally, DBZ Nps had no significant extrahepatic side effects. Taken together, our results highlight the potential of the ROS-sensitive DBZ nanoparticle as a promising therapeutic strategy for NASH.
Receives 32 sessions of explicit treatment then assessed. When assessed, demonstrates "Mastery" and receives 32 sessions of implicit treatment.
BACKGROUND: The effect of a liberal transfusion strategy as compared with a restrictive strategy on outcomes in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury is unclear.
METHODS: We randomly assigned adults with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and anemia to receive transfusion of red cells according to a liberal strategy (transfusions initiated at a hemoglobin level of ≤10 g per deciliter) or a restrictive strategy (transfusions initiated at ≤7 g per deciliter). The primary outcome was an unfavorable outcome as assessed by the score on the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended at 6 months, which we categorized with the use of a sliding dichotomy that was based on the prognosis of each patient at baseline. Secondary outcomes included mortality, functional independence, quality of life, and depression at 6 months.
RESULTS: A total of 742 patients underwent randomization, with 371 assigned to each group. The analysis of the primary outcome included 722 patients. The median hemoglobin level in the intensive care unit was 10.8 g per deciliter in the group assigned to the liberal strategy and 8.8 g per deciliter in the group assigned to the restrictive strategy. An unfavorable outcome occurred in 249 of 364 patients (68.4%) in the liberal-strategy group and in 263 of 358 (73.5%) in the restrictive-strategy group (adjusted absolute difference, restrictive strategy vs. liberal strategy, 5.4 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, -2.9 to 13.7). Among survivors, a liberal strategy was associated with higher scores on some but not all the scales assessing functional independence and quality of life. No association was observed between the transfusion strategy and mortality or depression. Venous thromboembolic events occurred in 8.4% of the patients in each group, and acute respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 3.3% and 0.8% of patients in the liberal-strategy and restrictive-strategy groups, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury and anemia, a liberal transfusion strategy did not reduce the risk of an unfavorable neurologic outcome at 6 months. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; HEMOTION ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03260478.).
Participants allocated to this group will watch a 3-minute video presenting a series of pictures of appetizing foods eaten in facilities in a tourist destination. An audio of a young adult describing herself eating these foods during a trip to London will be played.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation will be administered in a high definition anodal montage at 2 milliamps with anode over T3 (adjusted for each participant) and cathode in an equidistance ring around it with 4 return electrodes. There will be 13 minutes of active stimulation followed by a twenty minute delay, followed by 13 minutes of stimulation. Participants in the pilot study will be administered 2 mA of current at a steady state with a 30 second ramp-up and ramp-down period at the beginning and end of each 13 minute stimulation interval.
Radiotherapy will be delivered with a daily fraction of 1.8 Gy to a total dose of 50.4 Gy. Preplanned concurrent S-1 (70mg/m²/day) will be administered on Day 1 for 14 days, every 3 weeks. After dCRT, maintenance S-1 will be given up to two cycles.
There have been great strides in the management of periodontal intrabony defects, especially with the use of bone graft materials. It is necessary to choose the most appropriate material and procedure in order to obtain the desired regeneration. Among the bone grafts, Demineralised freezed dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and xenografts have shown good results in the management of intrabony defects. Recently, a novel bovine xenograft i.e., Cerabone™ has shown maximum resemblance to human bone with the potential to reconstruct bone defects. Decortication or intramarrow penetration of the bone has shown favourable results in guided bone regeneration procedures. So the goal of the present study was to check the efficacy of decortication with decalcified freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and Cerabone™ bone grafts and to compare the response between the bonegrafts placed following decortication using RVG and CBCT, in intrabony defect.

The combination of decortication with bone grafts i.e., DFDBA and (Cerabone)TM can be an added advantage in the treatment of intrabony defects. To the best of the investigators knowledge no clinical trial reports this combination therapy in scientific literature. There is need for further research in this area.
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Pregnancy Category D. See Warnings and Precautions section.

TEMODAR can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Five consecutive days of oral temozolomide administration of 0.38 and 0.75 times the highest recommended human dose (75 and 150 mg/m2) in rats and rabbits, respectively, during the period of organogenesis caused numerous malformations of the external and internal soft tissues and skeleton in both species. Doses equivalent to 0.75 times the highest recommended human dose (150 mg/m2) caused embryolethality in rats and rabbits as indicated by increased resorptions. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to a fetus. Women of childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant during therapy with TEMODAR.
In one embodiment a layered pharmaceutical formulation includes, but is not limited to two or more pharmaceutical layers and an intermediate layer disposed between at least two of the two or more pharmaceutical layers, the intermediate layer configured to dissolve in vivo to thereby leave the two or more pharmaceutical layers substantially intact. In one preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises bupropion. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises zonisamide. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises naltrexone. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises topiramate. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises phentermine. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises metformin. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises olanzapine. In another preferred embodiment at least one of the pharmaceutical layers comprises fluoxetine.
A computer-implemented method for grading of Aortic Stenosis severity performed by an automated workflow engine executed by at least one processor includes receiving, from a memory, a plurality of echocardiogram images a heart. The plurality of echocardiogram (echo) images according to 2D images and Doppler modality images. The 2D images are classified by view type, and the Doppler modality images are classified by region. The regions of interest in the 2D images are segmented to produce segmented 2D images. The Doppler modality images are segmented to generate waveform traces to produce segmented Doppler modality images. The segmented images are used to calculate measurements of cardiac features of the heart. A conclusion of Aortic Stenosis severity is generated by comparing the calculated measurements to cardiac guidelines. A report is then output showing the calculated measurements of the cardiac features that fall within or outside of the cardiac guidelines.
The genetic diversity that exists in natural populations of Arachis duranensis, the wild diploid donor of the A subgenome of cultivated tetraploid peanut, has the potential to improve crop adaptability, resilience to major pests and diseases, and drought tolerance. Despite its potential value for peanut improvement, limited research has been focused on the association between allelic variation, environmental factors, and response to early (ELS) and late leaf spot (LLS) diseases. The present study implemented a landscape genomics approach to gain a better understanding of the genetic variability of A. duranensis represented in the ex-situ peanut germplasm collection maintained at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which spans the entire geographic range of the species in its center of origin in South America. A set of 2810 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers allowed a high-resolution genome-wide characterization of natural populations. The analysis of population structure showed a complex pattern of genetic diversity with five putative groups. The incorporation of bioclimatic variables for genotype-environment associations, using the latent factor mixed model (LFMM2) method, provided insights into the genomic signatures of environmental adaptation, and led to the identification of SNP loci whose allele frequencies were correlated with elevation, temperature, and precipitation-related variables (q < 0.05). The LFMM2 analysis for ELS and LLS detected candidate SNPs and genomic regions on chromosomes A02, A03, A04, A06, and A08. These findings highlight the importance of the application of landscape genomics in ex situ collections of peanut and other crop wild relatives to effectively identify favorable alleles and germplasm for incorporation into breeding programs. We report new sources of A. duranensis germplasm harboring adaptive allelic variation, which have the potential to be utilized in introgression breeding for a single or multiple environmental factors, as well as for resistance to leaf spot diseases.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

In two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, 1,516 patients were treated with DENAVIR (penciclovir cream) and 1,541 with placebo. One or more local adverse reactions were reported by 3% of the patients treated with DENAVIR and 4% of placebo-treated patients. The rates of reported local adverse reactions are shown in Table 1.

Two studies, enrolling 108 healthy subjects, were conducted to evaluate the dermal tolerance of 5% penciclovir cream (a 5-fold higher concentration than the commercial formulation) compared to vehicle using repeated occluded patch testing methodology. The 5% penciclovir cream induced mild erythema in approximately one-half of the subjects exposed, an irritancy profile similar to the vehicle control in terms of severity and proportion of subjects with a response. No evidence of sensitization was observed.
Serum and Urine samples were collected before anesthesia and immediately after surgery from children who enrolled in part I and undergoing the adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. A PAED score less than 12 was defined as non-EA. The serum and urine samples were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS separately.
Subjects will be randomized to receive a placebo infusion at the baseline or 6 month visit. The placebo is an acellular media product similar in both appearance and odor.