anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Spinal deformity is defined as a curvature in the spine where the alignment is outside of defined normal limits in the sagittal (e.g., kyphosis, lordosis), or coronal plane (e.g., scoliosis). The severity of symptoms among patients with spinal deformity varies and is contingent upon the type and extent of deformity. Studies have shown that adult patients with symptomatic spinal deformity have similar or worse patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) compared with other pathological conditions such as arthritis, chronic pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and cancer. Over the last decade, multiple studies have demonstrated a significant improvement in patient HRQOL, disability and leg pain following spinal deformity surgery at 2-years of follow up. In contrast, patients who are treated non-surgically do not exhibit significant HRQOL changes compared to baseline. Spinal deformity surgery, however, can be associated with complications, with rates as high as 77%. Possible complications include hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid leak, screw malposition, ischemic optic neuropathy, thromboembolic events, cardiopulmonary complications, and infection. Recovery from surgery is long-term and challenging, with an expectation that patients may feel worse for up to 3 months after surgery. Moreover, length of hospital stay (LOS), discharge to inpatient rehabilitation, and additional post-discharge, home-care support following spinal deformity surgery are significant drivers of health care costs. In fact, LOS has been reported up to 100 days, with predictors of increased LOS including frailty and functional status. Thus, strategies that can improve preoperative functional status, and subsequently reduce postoperative LOS and improve postoperative recovery trajectories are important for adults undergoing surgery for spinal deformity.
The present invention relates to a sustained releasing pharmaceutical composition containing rivastigmine. More specifically, the present invention relates to a sustained releasing pharmaceutical composition containing rivastigmine having a pH-dependent sustained releasing phase. After the pharmaceutical composition containing rivastigmine according to the present invention is taken, an initial releasing of the medicine in a stomach is controlled to be minimized such that a maximum blood concentration (C_max) is lowered while an effective blood concentration is reached. Therefore, side effects can be reduced. Then, a main component of the medicine is controlled to be released continuously in order to maintain the effective blood concentration. As a result, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention provides the same effect as for a conventional two-times-a-day dose even when the composition is taken only once a day. Also, treatment efficiency can also be improved by improving administration convenience of a patient.
The invention belongs to the field of drug delivery systems, and particularly relates to a novel blood brain barrier crossing drug delivery system, and a preparation method and application thereof. A novel cross-blood brain barrier drug delivery system includes micelles of amphiphilic peptides encapsulating polydopamine nanoparticles. The diameter of the micelle is 160-270 nanometers, and the potential is 10-30 millivolts. The diameter of the poly-dopamine nano-particles is 120-200 nanometers, and the potential is-60-40 millivolts. The novel cross blood brain barrier drug delivery system of the present application has: (1) good biocompatibility and biodegradability. (2) Easy operation and controllable synthesis, and can be used for large-scale production of nanoparticles. (3) The nano-particles are easy to be modified by certain targeting molecules due to strong functionalization capability, and have good drug delivery effect. (4) Has high diagnosis and treatment efficiency.
The disclosure relates to abeo-taxane derivatives of general formula I and II, wherein the unspecified groups are defined in the specification. The disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and their use in the treatment of cancer. Example compounds include: 10-alpha abeo-taxane-2-methylpropenyl acetal. 10-alpha abeo-taxane-2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadienyl acetal. 10-alpha abeo-taxane benzylidene acetal. The disclosure also relates to taxane derivates.
Currently, some medical providers administer the IV without any pain-relieving techniques. Some medical providers inject a numbing medication underneath the skin prior to the IV placement. This requires an additional needle stick. Some medical providers place a device called Buzzy® on a patient's arm prior to the IV placement. The Buzzy® device is the combination of an ice pack and a vibrator in the shape of a bumble bee. Literature shows that the Buzzy® device makes IV placement more comfortable for children, but there is minimal data in regard to whether it is helpful for adult patients.

The investigators are conducting this study to compare the effectiveness of the Buzzy® device with that of the injection of numbing medication underneath the skin for IV placement in adults. This device has been FDA approved for use.
SpO2 is measured by two pulse oximeters on one participant's hand (on the index finger and middle finger). One pulse oximeter is set to an averaging time of 8 seconds, the second pulse oximeter is set to an averaging time of 16 seconds.
The present disclosure discloses methods for culturing stem cells in three-dimensional methods. Said method is either a spheroid-based method or a microcarrier-based method. The process as described herein leads to the expansion of the stem cells to obtain an expanded population of the stem cells, and a stem cell derived-conditioned medium. The present disclosure also discloses an expanded population of the stem cells, and a stem cell derived-conditioned medium obtained from the process as described herein. Further, an exosome preparation obtained from the stem cell derived-conditioned medium is also disclosed herein. The present disclosure also discloses a composition comprising an expanded population of the stem cells, or a stem cell derived-conditioned medium, or an exosome preparation, or combinations thereof. Methods of treatment using the composition as described herein is also disclosed in the present disclosure.
Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive CBD or matching Placebo as an add-on to antipsychotic medication in an 8 week double blind trial. In this study, Cannabidiol Oral Solution (CBD) product will be used. This product is manufactured and supplied by GW Pharmaceuticals. The formulation is a 100 mg/mL solution. The CBD compound will be dosed at 1000mg/day administered in two divided doses. The dose of CBD was selected based on previous controlled trials that demonstrate the efficacy of CBD in patients with schizophrenia.

The maximum duration of the study from screening to follow up of outcomes and adverse events will be approximately 8 weeks. Participants will receive either the CBD or placebo within this eight.weeks and will also complete pre-treatment, midpoint (week 4) and post-treatment testing (week 8).
Patients should be instructed to avoid allowing the tip of the dispensing container to contact the eye or surrounding structures. Patients should also be instructed that ocular solutions, if handled improperly, can become contaminated by common bacteria known to cause ocular infections. Serious damage to the eye and subsequent loss of vision may result from using contaminated solutions. (See PRECAUTIONS, General.)

Patients should also be advised that if they develop an intercurrent ocular condition (e.g., trauma, ocular surgery or infection), they should immediately seek their physician's advice concerning the continued use of the present multidose container. One of the preservatives in dexamethasone sodium phosphate ophthalmic solution, benzalkonium chloride, may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Patients wearing soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least 15 minutes after instilling dexamethasone sodium phosphate ophthalmic solution before they insert their lenses.
Individually titrate Butalbital, Acetaminophen, Caffeine, and Codeine Phosphate Capsules to a dose that provides adequate analgesia and minimizes adverse reactions. Continually reevaluate patients receiving Butalbital, Acetaminophen, Caffeine, and Codeine Phosphate Capsules to assess the maintenance of pain control, signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal, and other adverse reactions, as well as to reassess for the development of addiction, abuse, or misuse [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.18)]. Frequent communication is important among the prescriber, other members of the healthcare team, the patient, and the caregiver/family during periods of changing analgesic requirements, including initial titration. 

If the level of pain increases after dosage stabilization, attempt to identify the source of increased pain before increasing the Butalbital, Acetaminophen, Caffeine, and Codeine Phosphate Capsules dosage. If after increasing the dosage, unacceptable opioid-related adverse reactions are observed (including an increase in pain after a dosage increase), consider reducing the dosage [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. Adjust the dosage to obtain an appropriate balance between management of pain and opioid-related adverse reactions.
Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins with pathogen sensor activities have evolved to initiate immune signaling by activating helper NLRs. However, the mechanisms underpinning helper NLR activation by sensor NLRs remain poorly understood. Although coiled coil (CC) type sensor NLRs such as the Potato virus X disease resistance protein Rx have been shown to activate the oligomerization of their downstream helpers NRC2, NRC3 and NRC4, the domains involved in sensor-helper signaling are not known. Here, we used Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana to show that the nucleotide-binding (NB) domain within the NB-ARC of Rx is necessary and sufficient for oligomerization and immune signaling of downstream helper NLRs. In addition, the NB domains of the disease resistance proteins Gpa2 (cyst nematode resistance), Rpi-amr1, Rpi-amr3 (oomycete resistance) and Sw-5b (virus resistance) are also sufficient to activate their respective downstream NRC helpers. Using transient expression in the lettuce (Lactuca sativa), we show that Rx (both as full length or as NB domain truncation) and its helper NRC2 form a minimal functional unit that can be transferred from solanaceous plants (lamiids) to Campanulid species. Our results challenge the prevailing paradigm that NLR proteins exclusively signal via their N-terminal domains and reveal a signaling activity for the NB domain of NRC-dependent sensor NLRs. We propose a model in which helper NLRs can perceive the status of the NB domain of their upstream sensors.
Compositions and methods for modulating the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rapid acting injectable insulin formulations are described herein. In the preferred embodiment, the formulations are administered via subcutaneous injection. The formulations contain insulin in combination with a zinc chelator such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (“EDTA”) and a dissolution/stabilization agent, and optionally additional excipients. Calcium disodium EDTA is less likely to remove calcium from the body, and typically has less pain on injection in the subcutaneous tissue. Modulating the type and quantity of EDTA can change the insulin absorption profile. Increasing the quantity of citrate can further enhance absorption and chemically stabilize the formulation. In the preferred embodiment, the formulation contains human insulin, calcium disodium EDTA and a dissolution/stabilization agent such as citric acid or sodium citrate. These formulations are rapidly absorbed into the blood stream when administered by subcutaneous injection.
The present invention is directed to the addition of one or more pharmaceutically and biologically acceptable denaturants to sympathomimetic amine salt-containing pharmaceutical products to make these products less suitable as starting materials for the production of illegal drugs. In one preferred embodiment, the denaturant(s) and the sympathomimetic amine salt exhibit similar chemical and/or physical properties, so that purification of sympathomimetic amine by conventional extraction techniques is rendered difficult or essentially infeasible. In another preferred embodiment, the denaturant physically interferes with the extraction of the sympathomimetic amine salt from the pharmaceutical products i.e., emulsifies and/or alters the viscosity of the pharmaceutical products in solution). Because the separation of denaturant(s) from the sympathomimetic amine salts is rendered impracticable, attempts to isolate the sympathomimetic amine salts from compositions of the invention are unsuccessful or results in preparations that are converted into adulterated illegal drug products.  The present invention is directed to denaturant-containing sympathomimetic amine products and to methods for their preparation. The denaturant-containing sympathomimetic amine products are used for known indications treated by sympathomimetic amines.
Absorption

Following a 200 to 400 mg oral zonisamide dose, peak plasma concentrations (range: 2 to 5 mcg/mL) in normal volunteers occur within 2 to 6 hours. In the presence of food, the time to maximum concentration is delayed; occurring at 4 to 6 hours, but food has no effect on the bioavailability of zonisamide. Zonisamide absorption is dose-proportional in the range of 200 to 400 mg. Cmax and AUC, however, increase disproportionately at 800 mg, possibly due to saturable binding of zonisamide to red blood cells. Once a stable dose is reached, steady state is achieved within 14 days.

Distribution

The apparent volume of distribution (V/F) of zonisamide is about 1.45 L/kg following a 400 mg oral dose. Zonisamide, at concentrations of 1.0 to 7.0 mcg/mL, is approximately 40% bound to human plasma proteins. Zonisamide extensively binds to erythrocytes, resulting in an eight-fold higher concentration of zonisamide in red blood cells than in plasma. Protein binding of zonisamide is unaffected in the presence of therapeutic concentrations of phenytoin, phenobarbital or carbamazepine.

Metabolism and Elimination

Following oral administration of 14C-zonisamide to healthy volunteers, only zonisamide was detected in plasma. Zonisamide is excreted primarily in urine as parent drug and as the glucuronide of a metabolite. Following multiple dosing, 62% of the radiolabeled dose was recovered in the urine, with 3% in the feces by day 10. Zonisamide undergoes acetylation by N-acetyl-transferases to form N-acetyl zonisamide and reduction to form the open ring metabolite, 2–sulfamoylacetyl phenol (SMAP). Of the excreted dose, 35% was recovered as zonisamide, 15% as N-acetyl zonisamide, and 50% as the glucuronide of SMAP. Reduction of zonisamide to SMAP is mediated by cytochrome P450 isozyme 3A4 (CYP3A4).

Zonisamide does not induce its own metabolism. The plasma clearance of oral zonisamide is approximately 0.30 to 0.35 mL/min/kg in patients not receiving enzyme-inducing antiepilepsy drugs (AEDs). The clearance of zonisamide is increased to 0.5 mL/min/kg in patients concurrently on enzyme-inducing AEDs.

After a single-dose administration, renal clearance of zonisamide is approximately 3.5 mL/min. The clearance of an oral dose of zonisamide from red blood cells is 2 mL/min. The elimination half-life of zonisamide in plasma is approximately 63 hours. The elimination half-life of zonisamide in red blood cells is approximately 105 hours.
Three U.S. double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 13-week clinical trials in 1380 adults and children 12 years of age and older with mild-to-moderate asthma demonstrated that zafirlukast improved daytime asthma symptoms, nighttime awakenings, mornings with asthma symptoms, rescue beta2-agonist use, FEV1, and morning peak expiratory flow rate. In these studies, the patients had a mean baseline FEV1 of approximately 75% of predicted normal and a mean baseline beta2-agonist requirement of approximately 4 to 5 puffs of albuterol per day. The results of the largest of the trials are shown in the table below.

In a second and smaller study, the effect of zafirlukast on most efficacy parameters was comparable to the active control (inhaled cromolyn sodium 1600 mcg four times per day) and superior to placebo at end point for decreasing rescue beta2-agonist use (figure below).

In these trials, improvement in asthma symptoms occurred within one week of initiating treatment with zafirlukast. The role of zafirlukast in the management of patients with more severe asthma, patients receiving antiasthma therapy other than as-needed, inhaled beta2-agonists, or as an oral or inhaled corticosteroid-sparing agent remains to be fully characterized.
Sodium Bicarbonate Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, hypertonic solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) in water for injection for administration by the intravenous route as an electrolyte replenisher and systemic alkalizer. 

Solutions are offered in concentrations of 7.5% and 8.4%. See table in HOW SUPPLIED section for contents and characteristics. 

The solutions have an approximate pH of 8.0 (7.0 to 8.5). They contain no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer and are intended only for use as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required, the unused portion should be discarded with the entire unit.

Sodium bicarbonate, 84 mg is equal to one milliequivalent each of Na + and HCO 3¯. Sodium Bicarbonate, USP is chemically designated NaHCO 3, a white crystalline powder soluble in water. 

Water for Injection, USP is chemically designated H 2O.
The PCI procedure in this group will be performed as standard procedure. After deployment of stent, stent optimization will be done based on angiographic findings. The optimization guided by angiography should meet the criteria of angiographic residual diameter stenosis less than 10% by visual estimation and the absence of flow limiting dissection (≥Type C dissection). When angiographic under-expansion of the stent is suspected, adjunctive balloon dilatation will be strongly recommended. In case of staged procedure during the same hospitalization, following the initially allocated strategy would be strongly recommended.
Functional training exercises focus on improving physical fitness and movement skills performance. Functional training targets the neuromuscular system through engagements of muscle groups as well as nerve function to optimize movements. The present study applied functional training to elite male field hockey players to assess fitness level as well as skill performance. Post-test 1 will be after 6 weeks, and post-test 2 after 12 weeks to measure performance.
A transdermal/transmucosal drug delivery system utilizes glycerin to moderate the initial burst effect of transdermal drug delivery and also maintain the delivery to the derma/mucosa at a relatively sustained rate over the duration of the application to either an application or afflicted situs. The drug composition contains an effective amount of a percutaneously absorbable drug and an amount of glycerin which is effective to moderate and maintain the transdermal delivery of the drug. The system also contains means for maintaining the drug composition in a drug transferring relationship with the derma/mucosa. When applied to an afflicted situs the composition is preferably a gel, cream, lotion or ointment. When applied to an application situs the compositions are contained within a device such as a matrix or liquid reservoir patch which is held to the application site by means of the adhesive. The drug composition may contain glycerin in amounts of between about 0.1 to 50 % by volume.
Cervical cancer, CC, is one of the malignant cancers in women worldwide. Many studies about the genesis and progression of CC have been done at genomic, transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. However, much less is done at post-translational modification (PTM) level. We first used pan-PTM antibodies to compare the pan PTM levels between clinical normal cervical tissues and CC tissues; we then sent the selected samples for label-free identification of acetylation sites. Next, we employed WT or K119A mutant PARP1-EGFP-STREPII plasmid transfection in Hela cells and examined various indexes including colony formation, wound healing, ROS generation, early apoptosis, and immunofluorescence and quantification of proliferation markers (Ki67, PCNA, and p-P53). Last, we examined the levels of multiple important kinases regulating cervical cancer progression. We found that pan-acetylation was the most downregulated in clinical CC samples, whereas the acetylation of PARP1, Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, was upregulated at K119. Next, we showed that PARP1-WT overexpression significantly suppressed the proliferation and progression in CC cell line Hela, while K119A overexpression didn't show any impact. Finally, PARP1-WT overexpression significantly decreased p-ERK1/2 while didn't affect the phosphorylation levels of other important kinases such as AKT, MTOR, and RPS6. This study discovered a new type of PTM of PARP1 in CC, and showed that PARP1 acetylation at K119 is essential in regulating the proliferation and progression of CC through ERK1/2. Further studies are required to investigate how PARP1 acetylation impact its function.
The invention provides a self-degradable polymer with controllable precise sequence, which has a structure shown in a formula I. The self-degradable polymer with controllable precise sequence consists of three parts: a) the Trigger depolymerization end is Trigger depolymerization end, b) degradable self-degradation segment, c) dendritic Tag end composed of glycol chain segment or carbon chain. The number of repeating units of the polymer is determined, the sequence is controllable, and the precise polymer can be spontaneously depolymerized by electronic rearrangement after the trigger element is removed under the corresponding stimulation condition. The invention develops a new method for determining an accurate polymer sequence by using a macromolecular mass spectrum by utilizing the characteristic of the accurate self-degradation polymer in catalytic degradation. On the other hand, the invention also determines the sequence of the accurate self-degradation polymer through a macromolecular tandem mass spectrum, and screens out a structure capable of directly reading according to a secondary mass spectrum. The polymer can also be applied to the application fields of novel information storage carriers, anti-counterfeiting, information encryption and the like.
Participants receive 68Ga-PSMA-11 IV and 50-100 minutes later undergo whole-body (skull base to mid-thighs) PET/CT. Participants then undergo SRT per the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist.
A standardized typical lunch test meal consists of a plant-based protein source with a lower DIAAS Score (Plant protein 1- lower protein quality). The total weight of meal, total energy served, as well as energy from macronutrients are standardized across the three test meals.