anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Despite its promise to enhance patient outcomes and support clinical decision making, clinical use of artificial intelligence (AI) models at the bedside remains limited. Translation of advancements in AI research into tangible clinical benefits is necessary to improve neonatal and pediatric care for critically ill patients. This systematic review seeks to assess the maturity of AI models in neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit (NICU and PICU) treatment, and their risk of bias and objectives.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic search in Medline ALL, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar. Studies using AI models during NICU or PICU stay were eligible for inclusion. Study design, objective, dataset size, level of validation, risk of bias, and technological readiness of the models were extracted.
RESULTS: Out of the 1257 identified studies 262 were included. The majority of studies was conducted in the NICU (66%) and most had a high risk of bias (77%). An insufficient sample size was the main cause for this high risk of bias. No studies were identified that integrated an AI model in routine clinical practice and the majority of the studies remained in the prototyping and model development phase.
CONCLUSION: The majority of AI models remain within the testing and prototyping phase and have a high risk of bias. Bridging the gap between designing and clinical implementation of AI models is needed to warrant safe and trustworthy AI models. Specific guidelines and approaches can help improve clinical outcome with usage of AI.
The tongue is an organ involved in multiple essential daily functions (such as eating, speaking, and breathing). Normative values exist for the motor skills of tongue elevation in individuals. However, data regarding protrusion are lacking. Yet, the protrusive strength of the tongue is of particular interest. Indeed a weak protrusive tongue strength may contribute to sleep apnea and swallowing disorders. Therefore, this study aims to collect normative and clinimetric (validity and reliability) data of tongue protrusion strength and endurance among healthy adults.
This protocol is meant to provide a matrix for multiple, simultaneous brain imaging investigations using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3.0 Tesla (3T). We intend to study regional brain structure, physiology, and biochemistry in living human subjects, both healthy and ill. Based on multiple clinical, neuropathological, and functional neuroimaging studies, it is clear that schizophrenia is a brain disorder arising from subtle neuronal deficits (for lack of more specific terminology). These deficits likely arise in a few key regions such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampal formation, that result in widespread, multifaceted, and devastating clinical consequences. These neuronal deficits are clearly heritable, although in a complex fashion from multiple genes interacting in an epistatic fashion with each other and the environment. We hypothesize that these neuronal deficits, clearly resulting in quantifiable behavioral abnormalities in schizophrenic patients, will produce predictable, quantifiable aberrations in neurophysiology that we can "map" using magnetic resonance imaging. In spite of numerous functional imaging findings, clinical applications remain scarce and pathognomonic findings absent. Therefore, we do not anticipate that an approach based solely on any one modality is likely to significantly advance our knowledge base. Instead, we propose to create brain imaging datasets for individual human subjects predicated on 1) the appraisal of brain function from multiple domains simultaneously; 2) the characterization of brain function via summation and intercorrelation of these data; and 3) the digestion of these data based on the parsing of complex clinical phenomenology into quantifiable neurophysiological parameters. Thus, in addition to the identification of those parameters that best characterize and identify manifest schizophrenia (i.e., state variables), we hypothesize that some of these fundamental characteristics will be heritable. These fundamental characteristics, so-called endo- or intermediate phenotypes, represent powerful tools to find susceptibility genes and have already generated a number of linkage findings.
The Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT) efficiently represents the exercise capacity in subjects with chronic respiratory disease, as asthma. The variation of the walking distance is a parameter used to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions, asPulmonary Rehabilitation (PR). However, statistically significant changes in the walking distance do not always represent clinically significant variations. For this reason, it is important to understand in terms of clinical impact, how to interpret the 6MWT when the walking distance changes over time in the same subject (for example, at the beginning and after PR) or when it differs between subjects (some subjects may improve more and some subjects less). It is not enough to state that the intervention works, it is necessary to say how much it works. The demonstration of a clinically relevant effect must be the primary goal of every treatment. A clinically relevant effect is defined as the minimum achievable benefit, which may lead the medical doctor to change his strategy towards the patient, for example by recommending a particular therapy or treatment. The international scientific community calls the minimum achievable benefit with different names; one of the most common is the Minimal Important Difference (MID). The identification of MID is relevant for the clinician, for the agency that is paying the treatment, for the Regulatory Agency and is equally important for the patient for whose health these groups are responsible. MID for 6MWT has been estimated in subjects with different respiratory diseases and not. In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, a variation of 25 meters is considered significant. Recent studies have shown that asthmatic subjects cover a distance of about 500 meters during 6MWT, and that this distance improves after PR on average of 30-60 meters. Up to-day, however, the 6MWT MID in asthmatic patients has not been investigated.

The aim of this prospective study is to determine the MID for the 6MWT in subjects affected by asthma, regardless of the severity of the disease.
BACKGROUND: Invasive ants, such as Linepithema humile (the Argentine ant), pose a global threat, necessitating a better understanding of their behaviour in order to improve management strategies. Traditional eradication methods, including baiting, have had limited success, but the causes of control failure are not always clear. This study aims to investigate whether ants form associations between food odours and corpses, and subsequently avoid areas or food sources with food odours associated with corpses. We propose that ants may learn to avoid toxic baits in part because of their association with ant corpses, which could have implications for pest control strategies.
RESULTS: Ants were tested on a Y-maze after exposure to scented corpses or dummies. 69% (n = 64) of ants avoided branches bearing the scent of scented corpses. Colonies neglected food with corpse-associated odours, with only 42% (n = 273) of foragers feeding from such sources. However, if corpses were produced by feeding ants scented toxicant, focal ants encountering these corpses did not avoid the corpse-associated scent on a Y-maze (53%, n = 65). In dual-feeder tests, ants did not avoid feeding at food sources scented with odours associated with conspecific corpses.
CONCLUSION: Conspecific corpses act as a negative stimulus for ants in a foraging situation, potentially causing avoidance of toxic baits. This study suggests adding odours to baits and cycling them to disrupt the bait-corpse association may be helpful. Interestingly, although avoidance of baits was observed, feeding preferences were not significantly affected. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Massage therapy (in the form of manual lymph drainage \[MLD\]) and compression bandaging (CB) are integral components of combined physical therapy (CPT), the recommended treatment for peripheral lymphedema (LE). According to the World Health Organization, LE afflicts hundreds of millions worldwide and probably millions in the United States. Effects of various forms of massage on lymph circulation have been postulated for more than a century, but the efficacy of MLD alone without CB has not been demonstrated. New data suggest that MLD alone reduces established LE volume as effectively as CB in combination with CPT and minimizes LE development.

Patients will be randomly assigned to either treatment with MLD alone or a combination of MLD and CB. Patients will be treated in 10 one-hour sessions over 2 weeks. They will also undergo lymphangioscintigraphy (a nuclear medicine test) to depict the function of their lymphatic system. Patients will continue self treatment at home and will be followed for 6 months.
OBJECTIVE: Vaginal hysterectomy combined with uterosacral suspension (USLS) is a technique for treating pelvic organ prolapse. Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) has been described as an alternative minimal invasive approachfor treating various gynecological and non-gynecological pathologies. The aim was to compare the surgical time between conventional vaginal hysterectomy combined with USLS and vNOTES hysterectomy combined with USLS.
STUDY DESIGN: Multi-center randomized controlled trial performed 2019-2021 at Rambam Health Care Campus (Israel) and Imelda Hospital (Belgium). Thirty women underwent vNOTES procedures and 30 women underwent conventional vaginal procedures. The primary outcome was total surgical time. Secondary outcomes included hysterectomy time, USLS time, intraoperative bleeding, length of hospitalization, pain during the first 24 h postoperative, the need of analgesia, intraoperative and postoperative adverse events, and patient-reported outcomes questionnaires. Parametric statistical methods were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS: Compared to conventional vaginal procedures, vNOTES procedures were shorter in total surgical time (77 vs. 93 min, p = 0.004), hysterectomy time (26 vs 33 min, p < 0.001), and USLS time (20 vs 26 min. p = 0.02). Blood loss was higher in conventional vaginal compared to vNOTES surgery, as reflected by the mean blood loss estimate (143 vs 60 ml. p < 0.001) and the delta-hemoglobin (pre-operation minus the post-operation hemoglobin level (1.8 vs 1.2 ml/dL, p = 0.01). There was no difference between the groups regarding analgesics used, postoperative pain, surgical objective outcomes, and scores on patient-reported outcomes questionnaires. Adverse events were significantly more frequent in the conventional vaginal group than in the vNOTES group (p < 0.001 for intraoperative events and p = 0.05 for events that occurred in the follow-up time interval).
CONCLUSION: vNOTES hysterectomy with USLS has lower surgical times than conventional vaginal hysterectomy with USLS, lower blood loss and less adverse events. Other surgical objective and subjective outcomes were similar between the approaches.
The clinical team will follow a specific sequence of actions using three devices (Elegard, Lucas-3, and ITD-16), in addition to standard CPR. Firstly, they will place the ITD onto the i-gel) or ETT, followed by the Elegard device and the LUCAS-3. The team will also place a cerebral saturation monitor on (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)) (if they have access to one). After 2 minutes of CPR via the LUCAS-3 with the ResQPOD-16 (ITD), the Elegard device will be turned on and activated to gradually elevate the head approximately 22cm from the ground to the back of the occiput. If necessary, the clinical team may choose to intubate the trachea at this point. Resuscitation will continue for at least 30 minutes or until ROSC is achieved. If ROSC is achieved, standard post ROSC guidelines will be followed.
FIELD: food industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of biologically active food additives (BAFA) to prevent iodine deficiency. BAFA contains crystalline iodine, potassium iodide, NM-V gellan gum, low-molecular food water soluble chitosan and distilled water in certain ratio of the components. BAFA production method involves dissolving crystalline iodine in aqueous solution of potassium iodide in the ratio of 1:2, introduction of NM-V gellan gum and careful stirring. Then low-molecular food water soluble chitosan is added and the mixture is stirred until smooth. The obtained mass is dried up at 20-80C, then the finished product is chopped to have particles of 0.5 mm maximum. BAFA can be widely used for production of bakery, pasta, milk products et cetera. ^ EFFECT: invention enables to produce BAFA ensuring prolonged slurrying strumotropic microelement in the liquid product volume, wide range of biological effects that contribute into optimisation of iodine exchange as a whole. ^ 4 cl, 2 ex
Several types of environmental, chemical and metabolic carcinogens exist both exogenously and endogenously. Humans are daily exposed to aforementioned carcinogens through various sources such as through water, air and food or through metabolic and inflammatory products. This chapter will summarize the links between exogenous and endogenous carcinogen exposure and their metabolism with the cancer pathogenesis and associated risks. This chapter will also cover the carcinogens acquired through lifestyle factors like tobacco use and occupational exposures to different chemicals like asbestos, arsenic, chloroform, vinyl chloride, etc. Moreover, environmental carcinogens such as radiation, sunlight, diet, smoke, etc. will also be discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, there are certain carcinogens that require bio-activation and various human enzymes that play a vital role in the metabolic carcinogenesis will also be recapitulated. Necessary preventive measures against carcinogenic exposure from the exogenous environment are significant to be taken into account to reduce the risks associated with the carcinogens.
Participants will receive an oral dose of bedaquiline 400 milligrams (mg) once daily for first 2 weeks followed by bedaquiline 200 mg thrice a week for 22 weeks (with at least 48 hours between doses) in combination with oral doses of levofloxacin (LFX) up to 1000 mg (weight-based), cycloserine (CS) up to 750 mg (weight-based), clofazimine (CFZ) 100 mg daily for 40 weeks and linezolid \[LZD\] 600 mg daily for at least 24 weeks . If a participant is still sputum culture-positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Week 16, bedaquiline treatment will be extended from Week 24 to Week 40.
A cross-sectional study based on convenience samples. The investigators recruit nurses and the general public to respond to structured self-filling electronic questionnaires by using an electronic data collection system. The questionnaires include demographic data and vaccine hesitancy questions in a total of 35 items. Convenience sampling was applied to estimate the sample size according to the number of nurses in each county. It is planned to collect a total of 4258 responses by the end of the study. The study instrument is the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination, which includes Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, and Collective Responsibility.
FIELD: biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: strain Erysipelothrix rhusiopathicae BP-2 is grown on the liquid nutrient medium, concentrated and diluted with sucrose-gelatinous protective medium on the potassium-phosphate buffer where pepton with cleavage degree 0.3-0.5 is added. Addition of pepton to the composition of protective medium ensures to decrease sucrose concentration, increase specific protection of microorganisms at lyophilization. This medium ensures to retain 87-100% viable cells of strain BP-2 for 12 months. Proposed medium can be used for production of dry living vaccine against erysipelas in swines. EFFECT: increased stability of vaccine bilogical properties. 1 tbl
Despite intensive research, the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia remains unknown. The investigators recently demonstrated that functional dyspepsia patients display impaired duodenal mucosal integrity and low-grade mucosal inflammation. As studies have also shown that functional dyspepsia patients present with an increased spontaneous duodenal acid exposure, the hypothesis of this study is that increased duodenal acid exposure results in increased duodenal permeability via mast cell activation. This will also induce activation of the duodenogastric reflex, resulting in gastric relaxation, eventually leading to the generation of dyspeptic symptoms. The general aim of this project is to assess the effect of mast cell inhibition on duodenal mucosal integrity and intragastric pressure of healthy volunteers after acid infusion in the duodenum.

The study will be a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in 20 healthy volunteers and consists of 2 parts. (1) In the first part, 10 healthy volunteers will be perfused with acid (0.1N HCl) or 0.9% saline during 30 minutes at a rate of 5 mL/min with an interval of at least one month. During acid/saline perfusion, intragastric pressure will be measured with a high resolution manometry system to evaluate activation of the duodenogastric reflex. Dyspeptic symptoms will be scored 1 minute before and every 5 minutes during the infusion. After perfusion, endoscopy will be performed and duodenal biopsies will be obtained to evaluate mucosal integrity using Ussing chambers and by assessing the expression of cell-to-cell adhesion proteins (real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and western blot). (2) In the second part, 10 healthy volunteers will be perfused with acid after a placebo treatment and after treatment with the mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate 100mg 4x2/day (with an interval of at least one month). The rest of the study continues as described in part 1.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system to simply and securely collect the biological data per user measured by a sensor while the user is unaware of it.  <P>SOLUTION: An integrated medical treatment support system is provided with a sensor to measure the biological data of a user, and a portable information terminal to receive these biological data by making radio communications with the sensor. The sensor makes reference to a table that shows the information of each user corresponding to the information contained by his portable information terminal where his biological data have been sent, identifies the portable information terminal of each user where his biological data are to be sent, and searches whether this portable information terminal is located within its radio communication range. If the portable information terminal is not present, the sensor stores the biological data in its memory and waits until the terminal turns ready to communicate. If the terminal exists, the sensor transmits the biological data to the terminal.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Of the over 4 million live births each year in the United States, nearly 800,000 - or 20% - of the mothers will develop major or minor depression within the first 3 months postpartum. This number dwarfs prevalence rates for gestational diabetes (2-5%) and preterm birth (12.7%). Existing clinical approaches to postpartum depression (PPD) use standard pharmacologic and psychological interventions to reduce women's symptoms. Nevertheless, PPD is undertreated, in part because women are reluctant to seek treatment due to stigma associated with mental health care and disinclination to take psychotropic medications when breastfeeding. The consequences of this are substantial. Untreated PPD is associated with diminished quality of life and significant emotional suffering for women, and, through compromised caregiving, poor outcomes in children's cognitive and social-emotional development. Although maternal risk factors for PPD are well known, protocols for prevention based on commonly used depression interventions are only beginning to be evaluated. Building on developmental data showing the profound bi-directionality of emotional and behavioral influences between mother and infant, the investigators are testing a novel PPD intervention protocol that challenges the standard, individually-focused treatment paradigm. Our intervention is based on the conceptualization of PPD as a potential disorder of the dyad, and one that can be approached through behavioral change in and affective engagement with mother and child. Studies show that infant cry/fuss and sleep behavior are associated with PPD, and that parenting interventions can change infant behavior, yet these findings have never been applied to PPD. The investigators aim to collect data on a novel PPD risk-reducing protocol based on a dyadic behavioral approach to PPD in which the investigators treat at-risk women by promoting maternally-mediated behavioral changes in their infants. The investigators will select a sample of pregnant women at risk for PPD, teach parenting skills to increase infant nocturnal sleep and reduce fuss/cry behavior to half of the sample during 3 perinatal visits, then evaluate infant behavior at 6 and 14 weeks, and maternal mood at 6, 10, and 14 weeks postpartum. The investigators will fully exploit the investigative opportunities of this intervention study by using state-of-the-art EEG and fetal monitoring to characterize early biomarkers associated with infant behavior and behavior change. This study has the potential to have a major impact on clinical research, and to transform the standard care of PPD in that (1) the intervention will have high rates of treatment compliance because (a) the protocol sessions can be incorporated into usual perinatal medical visits, (b) parenting skills will appeal to women as a non-psychiatric intervention, (c) the clinical approach will have face validity given the dyadic focus of the perinatal period; (2) its aim is prevention; (3) it fosters both maternal and child well being; (4) it will expand the risk factors for PPD to include neurobehavioral markers in the perinate.
Rituximab was administered weekly x 4 (intravenous 375 mg/m\^2 or subcutaneous equivalent) per institutional standards and vitamin D3, 2000 IU orally once daily. Participants took vitamin D3 until lack of response at week 13, disease progression, or initiation of a new treatment.
Participants will continue receiving routine care, including anti-HT drug prescriptions, from their regular clinicians. In HK, patients with well-controlled HT are routinely seen every 16-18 weeks. Participants will also be given the same HBPM devices and taught the techniques. This is necessary because HBPM is a secondary outcome. According to the HK guidelines, all patients with HT are advised to regularly monitor their home BP, which can be considered as usual care.14 However, the patients will not be taught any BP measurement algorithm (such as that used in the telemedicine group). They will also be asked not to download or use any new HT mobile apps during the study period. In HK, all citizens have unlimited access to GOPCs and emergency departments for health problems. All participants are advised to seek medical help if BP becomes dangerously and persistently high (i.e. SBP ≥180 or DBP ≥110mmHg) or in case of any suspected medical emergencies.