anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Since the majority of the population is inactive, this study is being done to develop a better strategy that might encourage people to exercise more and improve their health. The current physical activity guidelines suggest that adults aged 18-64 should perform at least 150 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week . However, 84% of the Canadian population is insufficiently active. The large percentage of inactive individuals may be due to the daunting expectation that individuals must exercise for long periods of time to achieve health benefits, and many individuals report not having enough time. However, studies have shown that exercising for short, repeated bouts of intense exercise resulted in improved cardiometabolic health to the same extent as traditional endurance training, despite lower exercise volume. One study found that the prescription for a higher frequency of exercise significantly increased the accumulation of exercise without a negative effect on adherence. Further, in another study, participants who performed short intense bouts of physical activity have shown greater adherence than participants who were performing traditional exercise, working at a moderate intensity for a prolonged exercise period (89% and 71%, respectively). None of the studies mentioned above examined time matched exercise groups and included varying intensities of exercise, and collected data through virtual means, mimicking the natural environment of participants. The investigators believe that the proposed study will address these concerns and therefore advance the knowledge of sprint interval training.
The anti-inflammatory diet is characterized by the exclusion of potential inflammatory foods, such as gluten, dairy and processed food, for three months. During the first month, a low FODMAPs diet will be implemented, followed by the reintroduction of all fruits and vegetables over a consecutive period of 2 months. Additionally, some potentially anti-inflammatory foods will be promoted: Omega-3 through specific fish (tuna fish, salmon, sardine, horse mackerel) and nuts, antioxidant rich foods, such as fruit and vegetables, and the maintenance of glycemic index.
Patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease who are scheduled to have elective noncardiac, nonneurologic, nonvascular surgery will be recruited at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). The study will first be introduced to patients at their preoperative surgical clinic appointment by his/her surgeon. If patients are interested in participating, they will notify their surgeons, and subsequent recruitment will take place at the MGH Pre-Admission Testing Area (PATA), a clinic for preoperative evaluation and medical optimization. Patient contact and recruitment, however, will only proceed with permission from (1) the patient him/herself and (2) the patient's surgeon. Per the Partners Human Research Committees-approved criteria, if patients do not have capacity for clinical-decision making but express a willingness to participate in the study, a surrogate (i.e. healthcare proxy and/or family member) co-signature will be required on the consent form. On the day of the subject's surgery, the anesthesia team will be allowed to choose one of four anesthetic options (i.e. propofol anesthesia, isoflurane anesthesia, sevoflurane anesthesia, or desflurane anesthesia) based on clinical preference and appropriateness. The research team will be blinded to the anesthetic to which subjects are assigned. Finally, patients will be followed for one year post-operatively with a battery of cognitive tests to determine differences in cognitive trajectory.
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) restricts blood supply to the lower limbs. The disease causes obstructions that can affect blood vessels in both the proximal and distal regions. When these vessel obstructions exist for more than 3- 6 Months they are classed as chronic total occlusions. Without sufficient collateral formation this can lead to to chronic limb-treatening ischemia (CLTI), which is characterized by chronic pain and tissue loss. Without revascularization this frequently leads to amputation. The purpose of this clinical study is to investigate the safety and the efficacy of the URECA CTO Device during recanalization and mechanical re-entry into the true lumen after passing the occlusions/calcifications (chronic total occlusions) in the peripheral vasculature.
BACKGROUND: Observational studies have suggested that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether OCD is a causal risk factor for AD remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the causal effect of OCD on AD risk by performing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
METHODS: Genome-wide association summary statistics were obtained for OCD, comprising 2688 cases and 7037 controls, as well as for AD, including 21,982 cases and 41,944 controls from Kunkle et al.'s study, and 39,918 cases and 358,140 controls from Wightman et al.'s study. On the basis of two diverse thresholds, OCD-associated genetic variants were screened as instrumental variables (IVs) for subsequent MR analyses. Inverse variance weighed was the primary MR method. MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode were used as supplementary MR methods. Various sensitivity tests assessed the reliability of MR results.
RESULTS: On the basis of strict IV selecting thresholds, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) identified significant causal associations between genetic liability to OCD and increased risk of AD in two different sources ((i) Kunkle et al.: odds ratio [OR] = 1.070, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.015-1.127, p = 0.012; (ii) Wightman et al. 0.012; (iii) Wightman et al.: OR = 1.051, 95% CI: 1.014-1.090, p = 0.007). Three other supplementary MR methods yielded similar results to IVWs (OR > 1). Furthermore, all results were replicated in MR analyses based on lenient IV selecting thresholds. The sensitivity tests indicated that MR results were stable and not affected by significant horizontal pleiotropy.
CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive MR study suggests that genetic liability to OCD is a causal risk factor for AD. Early intervention in patients with OCD may be beneficial in preventing future AD progression.
Controlled Substance

Oxycodone hydrochloride is a Schedule II narcotic under the U.S. Controlled Substances Act ( CSA) (21 U.S.C. 801-886). Oxycodone hydrochloride tablets can produce drug dependence of the morphine type, and therefore, have the potential for being abused. Psychic dependence, physical dependence and tolerance may develop upon repeated administration. Oxycodone hydrochloride tablets should be prescribed and administered with the same degree of caution appropriate to the use of other narcotic-containing medications.

Abuse

Since oxycodone hydrochloride is a mu-opioid agonist, it may be subject to misuse, abuse, and addiction. Addiction to opioids prescribed for pain management has not been estimated. However, requests for opioids from opioid-addicted patients occur. As such, physicians should take appropriate care in prescribing oxycodone hydrochloride tablets.

Dependence

Opioid analgesics may cause psychological and physical dependence. Physical dependence results in withdrawal symptoms in patients who abruptly discontinue the drug after long term administration. Also, symptoms of withdrawal may be precipitated through the administration of drugs with mu-opioid antagonist activity, e.g., naloxone or mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, dezocine) (see also OVERDOSAGE). Physical dependence usually does not occur to a clinically significant degree, until after several weeks of continued opioid usage. Tolerance, in which increasingly larger doses are required to produce the same degree of analgesia, is initially manifested by a shortened duration of an analgesic effect and, subsequently, by decreases in the intensity of analgesia.

In chronic pain patients, and in opioid-tolerant cancer patients, the administration of oxycodone hydrochloride tablets should be guided by the degree of tolerance manifested and the doses needed to adequately relieve pain.

The severity of the oxycodone hydrochloride tablet abstinence syndrome may depend on the degree of physical dependence. Withdrawal is characterized by rhinitis, myalgia, abdominal cramping, and occasional diarrhea. Most observable symptoms disappear in 5 to 14 days without treatment: however, there may be a phase of secondary or chronic abstinence which may last for 2 to 6 months characterized by insomnia, irritability, and muscular aches. The patient may be detoxified by gradual reduction of the dose. Gastrointestinal disturbances or dehydration should be treated with supportive care.
BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are associated with the severity of co-occurring symptoms. This study's aim was to examine the extent of healthcare utilization and clinical outcomes associated with sleep disturbances in children with ASD.
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of 541 children with ASD from the Azrieli National Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment Research (ANCAN) whose parents completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Children with a total CSHQ score ≥ 48 were defined as having sleep disturbances. Sociodemographic characteristics, ASD diagnostic measures, chronic co-occurring conditions, medication usage, hospitalizations, visits to the emergency room (ER), and visits to specialists were compared in ASD children with and without sleep disturbances. Multivariate logistic regression models were then used to assess the independent association of sleep disturbances with clinical characteristics and healthcare utilization.
RESULTS: Of the 541 children with ASD, 257 (47.5%) had sleep disturbances. Children with sleep disturbances exhibited higher rates of multiple (≥ 3) co-occurring conditions (19.1% vs. 12.7%; p = 0.0414) and prescribed medications (45.5% vs. 32.7%; p = 0.0031) than other children. Finally, ASD children with sleep disturbances were 1.72 and 2.71 times more likely to visit the ER and be hospitalized than their counterparts (aOR = 1.72; 99%CI = 1.01-2.95; and aOR = 2.71; 99%CI = 1.10-6.67, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that sleep disturbances are associated with greater healthcare utilization among children with ASD. Further studies could examine whether treating sleep disturbances in children with ASD yields additional clinical benefits beyond improvements in sleep.
The goal of the proposed study is to examine the impact of remote exercise training on cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia display a broad range of cognitive impairments that have been identified as major determinants of poor functional outcome and disability, thus representing an important public health concern and a target for interventions. At present, available treatments offer only minimal to limited benefits to ameliorate these deficits. Extensive animal and human research literatures converge in supporting the positive influence of aerobic exercise training on cognitive functioning. Preliminary data indicate that aerobic exercise training is effective in improving cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia. However, previous studies employed small samples, focused on a single or limited range of cognitive domains, and/or collected insufficient information on daily functioning or putative biomarkers underlying cognitive change. Supported by supplement funding from NIMH, the goal of the proposed study is also to explore the impact of remote exercise training on suicide risk in individuals with schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia are at increased risk for suicide, with approximately 40-50% of individuals attempting to take their own lives during their lifetime, and an estimated 5-10% actually being successful in completing suicide. This highly elevated risk represents a serious public health concern and an important target for interventions. However, available treatments offer only minimal to limited benefits to ameliorate this risk. Extensive animal and human research literatures converge in supporting the positive influence of AE training on a number of predictors of suicide risk including depressed mood, sleep difficulties, and poor cognition. Yet, at present there are no studies directly examining the impact of AE on suicide risk in this population.
In this randomized clinical trial (RCT) will include adult outpatients linked to the Gastroenterology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (Hospital of Clinics of Porto Alegre-HCPA) -Brazil with diagnosis of NAFLD confirmed by biopsy and transient elastography. Patients who are cirrhotic, pregnant, co-infected or who have Chronic Kidney Disease will not be included. All patients, after signing the Written Informed Consent Form, will undergo a complete anamnesis to investigate alcohol consumption (AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), smoking, previous history, medications in use, food consumption assessment (through a 3-day food record), physical activity level and physical and functional capacity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, sit-to-stand test, unipodal, walk test and dynamometry), body composition (Electrical bioimpedance, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), anthropometric measurements), cardiovascular risk (Framingham Score and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease - ASCVD), biochemical parameters for assessment of inflammatory status \[C-reactive protein (CRP), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)\], lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides), hepatic function \[cytokeratin-18 (CK18), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase\], as well as blood glucose level , insulin, albumin, creatinine and complete blood count and even assessment of gut microbiota (patients will be provided with a kit for collecting feces and from the extraction of DNA from stool samples, after which a metagenomic analysis will be performed). These procedures will be performed at baseline and repeated after 24 weeks (at the end of the study). Through the of process of randomization (randomization.com), the patients will be allocated to receive treatment A or B. As for patients and researchers involved both are blinded (double-blind study). The intervention consists of treatment with probiotic mix (Lactobacillus acidophilus 1x109 colony-forming unit (CFU) + Bifidobacterium lactis 1x109 CFU + Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1x109 CFU + Lactobacillus paracasei 1x109 CFU) and the placebo identical in characteristics and packaging (polydextrose/maltodextrin). Patients will be instructed to consume 2 sachets/day during 24 weeks. Patients will be instructed to report any symptoms or para effects related to the use of sachets and adherence control will be carried out through the patient's notes on a form provided and also by checking the number of sachets.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a very severe disease in Taiwan caused 7,000 deaths per year, and majorly about 70% is caused by the chronic hepatitis B virus infection. A repeat, long-term, and severe chronic hepatitis would be more possible progressed into liver cirrhosis and HCC. As previous records, there might be 2% of chronic HBV patient would progress to liver cirrhosis, and 5% of the liver cirrhosis's patients would develop to HCC. In some cases, the HBV patient also might directly develop to HCC without liver cirrhosis phase.

Spirulina platensis is a kind of ancient livings for a 3.5 billions years, and had been recognized as a kind of space food by National Aeronautics and Space Administration(USA) because of containing numerous nutrients, especially vitamin B and beta-carotene. Beta-carotene would convert into vitamin A and help keep health vision, skin, and mucosa. With a rich source of vitamins B, especial B12 which is almost only in meals (animal livers), 1.2 grams of Spirulina platensis daily uptake would be sufficient for a human daily need, and also be a very good source for vegetarians. The investigators add the B12 test in this trial as a secondary endpoint to help monitor the absorption rates of the Spirulina platensis in human. Otherwise, the plant pigments in Spirulina platensis would also have many bioactivities on human healthy. Among these bio-activities of Spirulina platensis would contain anti-virus, anti-cancer, immune modulation, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, improve liver abnormality, and liver cirrhosis abilities. As previous small scale of clinical trial results in HBV patients provided by Far East Bio-Tec Company, lamivudine combined with oral Spirulina platensis would also improve the sero-conversion rates of HBeAg.
This therapeutic agent for cancer contains a compound that acts on a retinoid receptor and a BRAF inhibitor. The therapeutic agent for cancer is for use alongside a BRAF inhibitor, and contains a compound that acts on a retinoid receptor. The compound that acts on a retinoid receptor may be a retinoid compound or a derivative thereof. The compound that acts on a retinoid receptor may be ATRA, tamibarotene, or bexarotene. The BRAF inhibitor may be dabrafenib or encorafenib. The therapeutic agent for cancer may further contain an MEK inhibitor. The therapeutic agent for cancer may further contain a compound that acts on an EFG or EGF receptor.
No intervention. Subjects in this groups will wait for 5 minutes between pre- and post-testing of dependent variables.
Participants will receive the applicable dose identified during Study mRNA-3927-P101 (NCT04159103) on Day 1. The dose can be adjusted based on Sponsor recommendation.
Twenty patients in the PCC group receive 15 IU/kg of Octaplex concentrate and 2 g of Riastap concentrate. Additional fibrinogen is administered (if needed) to increase the baseline FIBTEM-MCF (at 5 min) to the target of 15 mm.
The invention comprises compounds of the general formula <FORM:0889660/IV (b)/1> and their physiologically tolerable acid addition and quaternary ammonium salts, wherein X represents O or H2, A represents an alkylene residue containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms, B represents a dialkylamino group, each alkyl of which contains up to 5 carbon atoms, or an N,N-alkyleneimino group, or an N,N-oxa- or aza-alkyleneimino group, the alkylene residue containing 4 to 6 carbon atoms and each of the benzene rings may be substituted by an alkyl or alkoxy group containing up to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a tri-fluoro methyl group.  The compounds of the invention may be prepared by introducing the tertiary amino alkyl residue, directly or in stages, into a compound of the general formula <FORM:0889660/IV (b)/2> which may be appropriately substituted in the benzene nuclei and, if desired, reducing the resulting 6,11-diones to the corresponding 6-ones.  Thus a morphanthridine-6,11-dione or -6-one is condensed, desirably in the presence of a condensing agent, with a reactive ester of an alcohol B1-A-OH, where B1 is a tertiary amino group or a residue replaceable thereby or convertible thereinto, and, if necessary, converting or replacing B1 by a tertiary amino group. Morphanthridine-6-one is prepared by hydrogenating the 6,11-dione. Benz-methyl- -chloro- and -methoxy-morphanthridine-6,11-diones are prepared by reacting a substituted anthraquinone with hydrazoic acid. (Two isomers are formed in each case).ALSO:Pharmaceutical preparations comprise compounds of the general formula <FORM:0889660/VI/1> and their physiologically tolerable acid addition salts and quaternary ammonium salts (wherein X represents O or H2, A represents an alkylene residue containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms, B represents a dialkylamino group, each alkyl of which contains up to 5 carbon atoms or an N,N-alkyleneimino group, or an N.N.oxa- or -aza-alkyleneimino group, the alkylene residue containing 4 to 6 carbon atoms and each of the benzene rings may be substituted by an alkyl or alkoxy group containing up to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group) in admixture or in conjunction with a pharmaceutical carrier suitable for enteral or parenteral administration.  The compositions may be in any conventional form and may contain other therapeutically useful substances.  Acid addition salts are formed from organic or inorganic acids including methionine tryptophane, lysine and orginine.  The compounds possess antispasmodic properties without significant anticholinergic and/or antihistaminic side effects.
Concomitant use of benzodiazepines, including clorazepate dipotassium, and opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. Because of these risks, reserve concomitant prescribing of these drugs in patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate.

Observational studies have demonstrated that concomitant use of opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines increases the risk of drug-related mortality compared to use of opioids alone. If a decision is made to prescribe clorazepate dipotassium concomitantly with opioids, prescribe the lowest effective dosages and minimum durations of concomitant use, and follow patients closely for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation. In patients already receiving an opioid analgesic, prescribe a lower initial dose of clorazepate dipotassium than indicated in the absence of an opioid and titrate based on clinical response. If an opioid is initiated in a patient already taking clorazepate dipotassium, prescribe a lower initial dose of the opioid and titrate based upon clinical response.

Advise both patients and caregivers about the risks of respiratory depression and sedation when clorazepate dipotassium is used with opioids. Advise patients not to drive or operate heavy machinery until the effects of concomitant use with the opioid have been determined (see PRECAUTIONS: Drug Interactions).
This is a randomized control trial. Participants will be recruited from the psychiatric rehabilitation organizations in Taiwan. They will be randomly assigned to the intervention group or control group. The recovery program has 2 phases and consists of 20 classes, 1.5 hour per class and one class per week. We will introduce concepts of recovery and personal strengths in phase 1. Then, we will help participants to set goals and implement their plans in phase 2. Participants will fill out five questionnaires during the recruitment meeting, including Stages of Recovery Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, The Hope Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Brief Symptom Rating Scale-50. They will fill out the same questionnaires plus the course satisfaction survey in the end of phase 1 and 2. Six months later, participants will receive a follow-up interview and fill out the questionnaires again. The control group will receive a spiritual book and complete the questionnaires at the same time as the intervention group.