anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes of myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) in inflammation-induced pain and acupuncture-mediated analgesia.
METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into three groups by a random number table method: saline group (n=16), complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) group (n=24) and CFA+electroacupuncture (EA) group (n=26). Inflammation-induced pain was modelled by injecting CFA to the plantar surface of the hind paw of mice and EA was applied to bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) to alleviate pain. Only mice in the CFA+EA group received EA treatment (30 min/d for 2 weeks) 24 h after modelling. Mice in the saline and CFA groups received sham EA. von-Frey test and Hargreaves test were used to assess the pain threshold. Brain and spinal tissues were collected for immunofluorescence staining or Western blotting to quantify changes of MD2 expression.
RESULTS: CFA successfully induced plantar pain and EA significantly alleviated pain 3 days after modelling (P<0.01). Compared with the CFA group, the number of MD2+/c-fos+ neurons was significantly increased in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord 7 and 14 days after EA, especially in laminae I - IIo (P<0.01). The proportion of double positive cells to the number of c-fos positive cells and the mean fluorescence intensity of MD2 neurons were also significantly increased in laminae I - IIo (P<0.01). Western blotting showed that the level of MD2 was significantly decreased by EA only in the hippocampus on day 7 and 14 (both P<0.01) and no significant changes were observed in the cortex, thalamus, cerebellum, or the brainstem (P<0.05). Fluorescence staining showed significant decrease in the level of MD2 in periagueductal gray (PAG) and locus coeruleus (LC) after CFA injection on day 7 (P<0.01 for PAG, P<0.05 for LC) and EA significantly reversed this decrease (P<0.01 for PAG, P<0.05 for LC).
CONCLUSION: The unique changes of MD2 suggest that EA may exert the analgesic effect through modulating neuronal activities of the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and certain regions of the brain.
A composition for specific intracellular delivery of a chemical agent into a CR2 receptor-bearing cell comprises a CR2 receptor binding and endocytosis inducing ligand (CBEL) coupled to the chemical agent. The CBEL binds to the CR2 receptor and elicits endocytosis of the composition. Optionally, the composition can include a spacer, which can be either biodegradable or non-biodegradable, for coupling the CBEL to the chemical agent. Chemical agents can include cytotoxins, transforming nucleic acids, gene regulators, labels, antigens, drugs, and the like. The composition can further comprise a carrier such as a water soluble polymer, liposome, or particulate. Methods of using these compositions for delivering a chemical agent in vivo or in vitro are also disclosed.
1. A composition comprising: a base comprising as a principal component a moisturizer suitable for application to human skin; and a plurality of abrasive particles. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the moisturizer comprises one of a liquid, a gel, and an emollient. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles comprise one of corundum and magnesium oxide. 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles comprise corundum having an average particle size in the range of 50 mil to 240 microns. 5. A composition comprising: a base suitable for application to human skin; and a plurality of particles of corundum suspended in the base having an average particle size in the range of 34 microns mil to 556 microns. 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the base comprises as a principal component a moisturizer. 7. The composition of claim 5, further comprising at least one of a vitamin, a mineral, an antioxidant, a cleanser, and an emulsifier. 8. An apparatus comprising: a handle suitable for gripping by a human hand, the handle having a head portion; and a porous applicator coupled to the head portion of the handle having dimensions suitable for contacting localized areas of human skin. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the applicator comprises a sponge. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the applicator further comprises a cap comprising a surface and sidewalls defining an interior volume having dimensions corresponding to dimensions of the head portion of the handle with the sponge coupled to the surface of the cap. 11. An apparatus comprising: a vibrator having a vibratable head; and an applicator coupled to the head, the applicator having dimensions suitable for contacting localized areas of human skin. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the applicator comprises a sponge. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the applicator comprises a closed cell sponge. 14. A method comprising: applying a composition to an area of human skin, the composition comprising a base and a plurality of abrasive particles; and manipulating the composition over the area of human skin with a handle-operated instrument. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein manipulating the composition comprises vibrating. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein manipulating comprises causing a portion of the base to be absorbed by the area of the human skin. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising, after manipulating, wiping off any unabsorbed portion of the composition. 18. A method for skin rejuvenation comprising: applying a composition to an area of human skin, the composition comprising a base and a plurality of abrasive particles, the base comprising, as a principal component, a moisturizer; and using a vibrator, manipulating the composition over the area of human skin. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein manipulating comprises causing a portion of the base to be absorbed by the area of the human skin. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising, after manipulating, wiping off any unabsorbed portion of the composition.
Patients who have not previously received imatinib mesylate receive oral imatinib mesylate daily on days 1-35. Patients who have previously received imatinib mesylate for at least 28 days receive oral imatinib mesylate on days 22-35. All patients receive cytarabine IV over 2 hours every 12 hours on days 29-32. Patients with more than 5% residual blasts in bone marrow on day 28 receive a second course in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
RA patients on long-term treatment (\> 1 year) with oral MTX, with or without other DMARDs, NSAIDs and/or steroids, switched to subcutaneous MTX (same dose). In these patients, treatment with other DMARDs, NSAIDs and/or steroids will continue. The overall management, tests and outpatient rheumatology visits schedule will be similar to other patients with RA, in accordance to standard practice.
A single-blinded, randomised experimental study was conducted. Potential participants were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria during telephone interviews. As the patients were their own controls, self-reported allergy was not an exclusion criterion as long as both interventions were carried out during unchanged allergic exposure.

Patients were then randomly allocated to one of two study arms: Referm® or thickened water (Thick-it ®, commercially available; Kent Precision Foods Group, Inc., Muscatine, IA, USA) as placebo. The patients underwent sigmoidoscopy with biopsies obtained from the distal colon at baseline and after 14 days of intervention with ReFerm® or placebo enema twice a day. The enema was administered rectally, in the left side position, and retained for as long as possible (at least 10 min) both in the left-sided and supine body position to activate retrograde peristalsis. To assess clinical improvement of symptoms, questionnaires were completed twice: before and after the intervention. During the 14 days of the intervention, the patients completed daily questionnaires. To improve compliance with the study intervention, the patients were given a check-up call by a principal investigator (OBe) twice per week during the intervention period.
BackgroundThere are differences between males and females for most diseases both for exposure and course of illness, including outcome. These differences can be related to biological sex or gender i.e. socio-cultural factors that may impact exposure and healthcare access.AimWe aimed to quantify differences between males and females in infectious disease notifications in Europe and identify countries with these differences significantly different from the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) average.MethodsNotifiable infectious disease surveillance data are reported by EU/EEA countries to ECDC. We retrieved surveillance data for 2012-2021. Using a cut-off median of annual disability-adjusted life years above 1 per 100,000 population, we included 16 infectious diseases. We calculated median male proportion and interquartile range by disease, year, country and age group and used boxplots to identify outliers.ResultsFor campylobacteriosis, acute hepatitis B, Legionnaires' disease, malaria and HIV and AIDS, all countries had male proportion above 50%. Most countries had a male proportion below 50% for pertussis (25/28 countries), STEC infection (21/28 countries) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection (16/24 countries). Chlamydia trachomatis infection and listeriosis showed the greatest dispersion of male proportion across age groups. Most outliers were countries reporting few cases.ConclusionWe observed important differences in male proportion across infectious disease notifications in EU/EEA countries. For some diseases with high male proportions in all countries, such as HIV and hepatitis B, behaviours play a role in disease transmission. Screening offered to specific populations may explain differences across countries for example for C. trachomatis infection.
The invention discloses a screwtree root tea dropping pill and a preparation method thereof. The screwtree root tea dropping pill comprises, by mass parts, 1-4 parts of screwtree root tea extract, 13-35 parts of substrate and 0.1-0.4 part of cosolvent. The substrate is selected from polyethylene glycol 4000, polyethylene glycol 6000, polyoxyl(40) stearate or poloxamer and is preferably polyethylene glycol 6000. The cosolvent is selected from polysorbate 80. By dispersing screwtree root tea extract in the substrate and the cosolvent, and the solution is added dropwise into a condensing medium through an emitter to be condensed; and after the solution is condensed into a pill, oil shedding, wiping, drying and packaging are performed to obtain the screwtree root tea dropping pill. The dropping pill is convenient to use, the medicinal activity of screwtree is maintained to a great extent, and the screwtree is absorbed more easily.
Patients admitted to the ICU that fulfill the criteria for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the presence of a(n expected) new infection. 2 3mm skin biopsies will be taken, blood and urine analysis will take place and also blood collection for RNA-investigation.
Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol, the individual components of this product, are substrates of CYP3A4. The use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin) with Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol MDPI is not recommended because increased systemic corticosteroid and increased cardiovascular adverse effects may occur.

Ritonavir: Fluticasone Propionate: A drug interaction trial with fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray in healthy subjects has shown that ritonavir (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) can significantly increase plasma fluticasone propionate exposure, resulting in significantly reduced serum cortisol concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. During postmarketing use, there have been reports of clinically significant drug interactions in patients receiving fluticasone propionate and ritonavir, resulting in systemic corticosteroid effects including Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal suppression.

Ketoconazole: Fluticasone Propionate: Coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg) and ketoconazole (200 mg once daily) resulted in a 1.9‑fold increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure and a 45% decrease in plasma cortisol area under the curve (AUC) but had no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol.

Salmeterol: In a drug interaction trial in 20 healthy subjects, coadministration of inhaled salmeterol (50 mcg twice daily) and oral ketoconazole (400 mg once daily) for 7 days resulted in greater systemic exposure to salmeterol (AUC increased 16‑fold and Cmax increased 1.4‑fold). Three (3) subjects were withdrawn due to beta2‑agonist side effects (2 with prolonged QTc and 1 with palpitations and sinus tachycardia). Although there was no statistical effect on the mean QTc, coadministration of salmeterol and ketoconazole was associated with more frequent increases in QTc duration compared with salmeterol and placebo administration [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
The Experiemnt Arm consists of pembrolizumab at a dose of 400mg every 6-weeks (Q6W) for a duration of 2 years (i.e 17 cycles) as per Standard of Care treatment of oligometastatic HNSCC disease in combination with SABR. For each oligometastatic lesion treatment, specific SABR fractions and targeted dose(Gy) should be used depending on the location of the lesion. Three-fraction regimens will deliver a fraction every second day, and five-fraction regimens are delivered daily. All treatments have to be completed within 10 working days.
The invention provides a lentiviral envelope polypeptide or a nucleic acid sequence encoding a lentiviral envelope polypeptide, which are capable of inducing an immunogenic response against lentiviral infection, such as HIV infection. Examples of envelopes are HIV-1, HIV-2 or SIV envelope proteins or variants thereof. A specific such envelope variant is devoid of its C-terminal domain. The lentiviral envelope polypeptide or nucleic acid encoding said polypeptide is provided in vectors, methods, proviruses, retroviral particles, uses, compositions, vaccines, vaccine compositions and kits. Moreover, the lentiviral envelope polypeptide or nucleic acid encoding said polypeptide may be provided in combination with other compounds, such as selective marker genes, adjuvants, and immunomodulating agents. The invention is applicable for generation of retroviral particles for specific targeting of host cells. The retroviral particles may be used for integration of trangenes in host cells and induction of an immunogenic response, for example against HIV-1.
While the restrictive red cell transfusion practice has become a standard of care in the acutely ill, data on the use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are limited. FFP transfusion may not only be poorly effective in prevention of bleeding complications but is associated with significant complications. In a retrospective cohort of critically ill non-surgical patients with abnormal international normalized ratio (INR), we have observed significant variability in the practice of FFP transfusion. Rather than a benefit with liberal use, more adverse effects were observed, in particular pulmonary edema and acute lung injury. Our overall goal is to improve the safety of blood product transfusion and prevent pulmonary complications. Here we propose a randomized clinical trial of restrictive (INR 1.6-3) versus liberal (FFP transfusion to keep INR \< 1.6) FFP transfusion prior to commonly performed invasive procedures (thoracocentesis, abdominal paracentesis and central venous cannulation). We will use the following outcome measures to compare the differences between the two groups: 1. New onset pulmonary edema; 2. Postprocedural bleeding complications; 3. Number of blood product transfusions; 4. Hospital mortality and 5. Length of intensive care unit and hospital stay. The results of this study will form the basis for future multicenter clinical trials with implications for worldwide transfusion practice.
Hydrotropic polymer micelles effective for increasing the water solubility of poorly soluble drugs are described. Such hydrotropic polymer micelles have the combined properties of polymer micelles and hydrotropic agents, which display a synergistic effect for increasing the solubility of such drugs. Hydrotropic polymer micelles are formed in solution from amphiphilic copolymers that comprise a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer having pendant hydrotropic agents. A preferred copolymer is a di-, tri- or multi-block copolymer composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer chains. A particularly preferred hydrophilic chain comprises polyethyleneoxide (PEG) and a preferred hydrophobic chain comprises hydrotropic monomer units derived from nicotinamide. The micelles are found to be much more effective in solubilizing poorly soluble drugs and exhibit an excellent long-term stability even at high loading of drugs. A hydrotropic polymer micelle has nanometer scale size, by which they can deliver poorly soluble drugs to the body through diverse routes of administration.
Impaired sleep affects millions of people each year representing an important public health issue. This project will utilize metabolomics approaches to identify biomarkers in the blood that respond consistently to insufficient sleep. The overall goal of this project is to use a discovery and targeted approach to identify specific small molecules in plasma as candidate biomarkers of insufficient sleep. Investigators will conduct a controlled in-laboratory insufficient sleep protocol where participants receive 2 days of 5 hour sleep opportunities per night on 2 separate occasions. Plasma will be collected for metabolomics analyses every 2 hours (across 24 hours) during scheduled wakefulness at baseline and during insufficient sleep. Participants will complete the insufficient sleep protocol twice, separated by 23 days of sufficient sleep, to identify which plasma metabolites consistently change during insufficient sleep. Investigators anticipate these findings will be the first step in establishing validated biomarkers of impaired sleep that will advance our understanding, assessment and management of health consequences and symptoms associated with insufficient sleep.
PURPOSE:To provide a fluorine-containing preparation for prevention of tooth decay, which can be  easily applied to the tooth and held to the surface of the tooth for a long time, and is composed of a dried, spongy base composed mainly of an adhesive polymer which dissolves in water or gels with water, and a fluorine compound included therein. CONSTITUTION:A polymer which dissolves in water or gels with water (e.g. gum arabic, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, etc.) and a fluorine compound, and if necessary, a softener, etc. are dissolved in dispersed in, or gelled with water, and  frothed with vigorous agitation. The frothed mixture is freeze-dried as it is to the objective spongy preparation containing fluorine compound. When it is attached to  the surface of a tooth for a definite time interval, the polymer is gelled by the action of saliva, and adheres firmly to the surface. It can be applied without unpleasant  feelings, and can be stored stably for a long time.
In neuroinflammatory diseases, systemic (blood-borne) leukocytes invade the central nervous system (CNS) and lead to tissue damage. A causal relationship between neuroinflammatory diseases and dysregulated cytokine networks is well established across several preclinical models. Cytokine dysregulation is also observed as an inadvertent effect of cancer immunotherapy, where it often leads to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammatory diseases can be separated into those in which a pathogen is at the centre of the immune response and those of largely unknown aetiology. Here, we discuss the pathophysiology, cytokine networks and therapeutic landscape of 'sterile' neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), neurosarcoidosis and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) triggered by cancer immunotherapy. Despite successes in targeting cytokine networks in preclinical models of neuroinflammation, the clinical translation of targeting cytokines and their receptors has shown mixed and often paradoxical responses.
Participants received intravenous infusion of QL1701 with docetaxel. The initial load dose of QL1701 was 8mg/kg, followed by 6mg/kg every three weeks; The recommended dose of docetaxel is 75mg/m2, given once every 3 weeks for a treatment cycle of 3 weeks.
Piperazine compounds represented by the following general formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and drugs comprising these compounds, wherein R1 and R2 represent each hydrogen, halogeno, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, optionally substituted amino, nitro, hydroxy or cyano; R3, R4 and R5 represent each hydrogen, halogeno, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, nitro, optionally substituted amino or hydroxy; R6 and R7 represent each hydrogen, optionally halogenated lower alkyl, aralkyl, acyl or halogenated lower acyl; R8 and R9 represent each hydrogen or lower alkyl; Y represents lower alkylene, etc.; and the ring A represents phenyl, pyrimidyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl or imidazolyl. Because of having excellent TNF-.alpha. production inhibitory effect and/or IL-10 production promoting effect, these compounds are useful as TNF-.alpha. production inhibitors and/or IL-10 production promoters with high safety. They are useful as preventives or remedies for, e.g., chronic inflammatory diseases, acute inflammatory diseases, inflammatory diseases caused by infection, autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases and other TNF.alpha.-mediated diseases.
Group B: Video group Patients in the visual aid group (video group) were provided with the same information mentioned in intervention group A. In addition to that, patients watched a 5 minutes video of the respective procedure. Video showed the animation of a gastroscopy or colonoscopy procedure with a voice over explaining all the steps of the procedure in addition to the pre and post-procedure precautions to be observed.
In the virtual peer-led group Intervention, participants voluntarily engage in verbal, written, and behavioral exercises in which they critique and discuss the costs of pursuing the thin-ideal ideal. The intervention is 4 sessions long (1-hr each) and is administered by trained peer facilitators who use an intervention script. Participants will be asked to complete weekly home exercises throughout the course of the intervention.
A bioflavonoid composition comprising polylysine and/or caprylic acid and/or zinc salt (I) A composition suitable for use in the oral cavity comprising polylysine and/or caprylic acid and/or zinc salt, and one or more flavonoids of formula (I) is provided, wherein R1 is hydroxyl or methoxyl; R2 is hydrogen, hydroxyl or methoxyl; and X is hydrogen or a saccharide. Preferably the composition includes a mixture of flavonoids comprising naringin and neohesperidin and other flavonoids of formula (I). Preferably the bioflavonoid component is a mixture of flavonoids comprising 40% to 65% of naringin (wt/wt of flavonoids) and 20% to 30% of neohesperidin (wt/wt of flavonoids present). Preferably the composition comprises 0.06% to 4% of bioflavonoids and 30mg/L to 240mg/L of ε-polylysine. The composition is useful in reducing bacterial numbers on teeth, gums or other surfaces within the oral cavity. The composition is preferably in the form of a toothpaste or mouthwash and is useful in the treatment of gum disease or reducing plaque formation.