anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hospital surfaces can harbour bacterial pathogens, which may disseminate and cause nosocomial infections, contributing towards mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). During the BARNARDS study, hospital surfaces from neonatal wards were sampled to assess the degree of environmental surface and patient care equipment colonisation by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we perform PCR screening for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (blaCTX-M-15) and carbapenemases (blaNDM, blaOXA-48-like and blaKPC), MALDI-TOF MS identification of GNB carrying ARGs, and further analysis by whole genome sequencing of bacterial isolates. We determine presence of consistently dominant clones and their relatedness to strains causing neonatal sepsis. Higher prevalence of carbapenemases is observed in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Ethiopia, compared to other countries, and are mostly found in surfaces near the sink drain. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter hormaechei, Acinetobacter baumannii, Serratia marcescens and Leclercia adecarboxylata are dominant; ST15 K. pneumoniae is identified from the same ward on multiple occasions suggesting clonal persistence within the same environment, and is found to be identical to isolates causing neonatal sepsis in Pakistan over similar time periods. Our data suggests persistence of dominant clones across multiple time points, highlighting the need for assessment of Infection Prevention and Control guidelines.
An integrated ion membrane electrolysis devicein the present invention includesanion exchange membraneelectrolytic cell and an integrally formedintegrated flow device. Theion exchange membraneelectrolytic cell generates a gas with hydrogen. The integral flow devicehas a first setting structure, a water tank, a gas-pathway system and a water-pathway system. The water tank accommodates water. The first setting structure is configured for removably fixingthe ion exchange membrane electrolytic cellat the integral flow device. The water-pathway systemconnects the water tank and the first setting structure for inputting the water in the water tank into the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell. The gas-pathway system is connected to the first setting structure for receiving and transporting the gas with hydrogen. Therefore, thepresent inventionintegrates functionally independent pathway, decreases pipeline connections, reduces volumeof the integrated ion membrane electrolysis device, and improves safety of operation.
A delayed extended release pharmaceutical composition includes a compressed core containing an effective amount of bupropion or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a water-attractant polymer. The core is preferably devoid of a stabilizer. The core is surrounded by an extended release layer, which is free of plasticizer and pore-forming agent. The extended release layer is surrounded by a delayed release layer. Alternating coats of extended release layer and delayed release layer may follow. A preferred extended release layer includes ethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and a preferred delayed release layer includes methacrylic acid copolymer and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, lactose and a combination of triethyl citrate and polyethylene glycol and talc. A method of preparing the delayed extended release bupropion hydrochloride containing pharmaceutical composition is also disclosed.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pharmaceutical preparation topically applicable to aural cavity, nasal cavity, oral cavity, etc., and retainable at the applied part for a long period.  <P>SOLUTION: The invention relates to a granulated material produced by dry-granulation method and containing a gel-forming substance and a low-melting substance. A gel having stickiness is easily produced by adding water, etc., to a granulated material produced by dry-granulation of a medicine, a gel-forming substance and a low-melting substance or adding a medicine solution or medicine dispersion to a granulated material produced by dry-granulation of a gel-forming substance and a low-melting substance. The gel can retain the medicine for a long period at the applied part such as aural cavity, nasal cavity and oral cavity. A medicine sensitive to water and heat can be easily gelatinized by the method.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Compositions and methods for killing ectoparasites on a non-human subject are disclosed, wherein the compositions contain a fatty acid ester, e.g., isopropyl myristate, effective for killing ectoparasites. Also described are compositions containing a fatty acid ester and a cyclic siloxane (e.g. decacyclomethicone). The compositions can also contain a mectin and/or a mycin, and S-methoprene. The compositions are useful against a variety of ectoparasites that afflict humans, animals, and plants, e.g., head lice, fleas, body lice, crab lice, scabies, ticks, and plant parasites. A method of killing ectoparasites on a non-human subject comprises: topically administering to an area on the subject where ectoparasites are present, a composition comprising a fatty acid ester (such as isopropyl myristate) and a non-aqueous, volatile liquid which comprises a cyclic siloxane (e.g. decacyclomethicone); wherein the fatty acid ester is provided in an amount of between 25% and 65% w/w, and wherein the composition does not comprise any other agent in an amount effective for killing ectoparasites present on the subject.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing, as an active ingredient, an extract of mycelium of Phellinus linteus and a fraction thereof is provided. The composition has nerve cell protecting activity and has no toxicity and is thus effectively used as a therapeutic or treating agent for neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral apoplexy, dementia, etc. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical composition contains a methanol extract of mycelium of Phellinus linteus, or an EtOAc fraction or a n-hexane fraction thereof having nerve cell protecting activity. It is formulated into a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. For an example, 5kg of mycelium of Phellinus linteus is added with 4ml MeOH, followed by sonication, filtration and concentration under reduced pressure to produce 365g of an extract. Thereafter, the extract is suspended in distilled water, followed by fractionation with n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and concentration under reduced pressure to produce a n-hexane fraction(49g), an EtOAc fraction(34g), a n-BuOH fraction(100g) and a H2O fraction(182g).
DSP107 will be administered by IV infusion over 1 hour on Days 1, 8 and 15 of each 21-day cycle. Subjects will receive atezolizumab 1200 mg by intravenous infusion over 30 mins (first infusion over 1 hour) on Day 1 of every treatment cycle. DSP107 infusion will commence 1 hour following completion of atezolizumab infusion. The study will include up to 12 treatment cycles.
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is an important complication of total joint arthroplasty of the hip and knee and occurs in 1-2% after primary arthroplasty and in 10-15% after revision arthroplasty. To prevent a PJI, peri-operative antibiotic prophylaxis is given. There's inadequate evidence for a recommendation about the optimal duration of prophylaxis, especially in revision arthroplasty. The aim of this multicenter open-label, randomized controlled trial is to investigate the superiority of 5 days (extended) versus a single dose of cefazolin prophylaxis in revision arthroplasty of the hip and knee. Patients will be recruited at the orthopedic departments of two Dutch hospitals, University Medical Center Radboudumc Nijmegen (Radboudumc) and Sint Maartenskliniek in Nijmegen (SMK). Patients will be included if they will undergo revision arthroplasty of the hip or knee, with exclusion of patients with a proven PJI at baseline. A total of 780 subjects will be randomized between 2 prophylactic strategies: A) Cefazolin at a single dose of 2 grams intravenously 15-60 minutes before incision; B) Cefazolin at a dose of 2 grams intravenously 15-60 minutes before incision, followed by cefazolin 1 gram intravenously t.i.d. until five days post-surgery. The primary endpoint is the difference in proportion of infectious-free implant survival between both groups within 1 year of follow-up.
The increasing incidence of disrupted lactogenesis in Asian populations underscores the importance of timely identification and efficient intervention. This study acknowledges the influence of ethnicity on genetic variations and aims to investigate the genetic mechanisms that contribute to lactogenesis in individuals of Asian descent. This study examines the possibilities of genetic screening as a means of applying preventive measures, with a particular focus on epigenetic techniques. Additionally, the analysis looks into the underlying mechanisms involved in milk production. This review discusses the intricate mechanisms underlying breast milk production and the potential influence of genetic variables on lactogenesis. Specifically, it explores the association between lactogenesis issues and genetic conditions such as depression, obesity, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes. These genetic factors could potentially be found by genetic screening as contributors to disruption in lactogenesis. This study aims to promote future investigation in the subject of genetic testing and its potential association with lactogenesis issues, despite the current scarcity of direct research on this topic. The statement posits that the progress made in genetic testing has the potential to provide novel insights into the timely identification and treatment of disrupted lactogenesis.
Respiratory muscle training will be done with Threshold® IMT and Threshold™ PEP devices. Training intensity will be set to 40% of MIP and MEP measurements in the first week. For inspiratory muscle training, participants will be asked to rest after 5 breathing repetitions and repeat the training for 10 sets. Participants will be asked to rest after 5 exhalation repetitions for expiratory muscle training and repeat the training for 10 sets. In each set, there will be a one-minute rest break between repetitions. As the progression progresses, the perceived exertion level will be increased by 5-10% on a weekly basis, to be in the range of 4-6 according to the Modified Borg scale. At this point, if the training threshold exceeds the upper pressure limits of Threshold® IMT + Threshold™ PEP devices, the training intensity will continue at the upper limit.
This study will be an open single arm, single centre, interventional study conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A sample size of 1,000 infants will be recruited to the study between 8 to 9 weeks (which is around 2 months) of age. These infants will receive two doses of the rotavirus vaccine, Rotarix with an interval of 28-37 days (or 4-5 weeks). The parents will be requested to bring the infants 2-3 days following each Rotarix vaccination to receive the standard EPI vaccinations. The infants will then be under passive and active surveillance for rotavirus-associated diarrhoea until 18 months of age. Blood samplings during pre and post vaccination and at 6, 12 and 18 month old visits will be collected.
A  Grifola frondosa  polysaccharide F2 with hypoglycemic activity, process for preparation and use thereof. The process for preparation of  Grifola frondosa  polysaccharide F2 is as follows: The fruit bodies of  Grifola frondosa  were homogenized to a fine powder and extracted with hot water. The mixture was filtered and precipitated with absolute ethanol. The precipitation was obtained. The said precipitation was applied on DEAE Sepharose Fast chromatographic column, equilibrated with Tris-HCl (10 mM, pH=8.0), collecting the efficient eluting peak to obtain the fraction F1; eluted with Tris-HCl (10 mM, pH=8.0) which contains 0.1M NaCl, fraction F2 was obtained; then concentrated under reduced pressure, dialyzed and lyophilized,  Grifola frondosa  polysaccharide F2 was obtained. This isolates a new  Grifola frondosa  polysaccharide F2 with hypoglycemic activity from the fruit bodies of  Grifola frondosa.  The  Grifola frondosa  polysaccharide F2 can be used in manufacturing a drug for treating diabetes. The polysaccharide makes a foundation for developing new anti-diabetes agents.
PURPOSE:To obtain an embrocation for hyperesthesia consisting of a first liquid containing aluminum and a second liquid containing a compound selected from phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, silicic acid, a fluoride and an alkaline compound. CONSTITUTION:This embrocation is obtained by mixing a first liquid of pH3-8 containing 0.1-10wt.% aluminum compound [e.g. Al(NO3)3] with a second liquid containing a compound selected from a phosphoric acid compound (e.g. orthophosphoric acid), an oxalic acid compound (e.g. potassium oxalate), a silicic acid compound (e.g. sodium silicate), a fluoride (e.g. NaF) and an alkaline compound (e.g. NaOH) so as to adjust pH to 5-9. The second liquid contains 0.1-10wt.% phosphorus content in the case of the phosphorus compound, 0.1-10wt.% oxalic acid ion in the case of oxalic acid compound, 0.1-10wt.% silicon in the case of silicic acid compound and 0.01-5wt.% fluorine in the case of fluoride. This embrocation is useful in prevention and treatment of hyperesthesia and excellent in storage stability and safety and does not cause discoloration of lesions after application.
Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors that induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Reducing the blood pressure levels of population can not only control the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease effectively, but also reduce the mortality. Anti-hypertension drug therapy has been proven to be an effective method to reduce blood pressure. Dietary sodium restriction and potassium supplementation is the core of dietary approaches to stop hypertension. Tibet is located on the Tibetan Plateau with an average altitude about 4000 meters above sea level. Tibetan diet is rich in meat but poor in vegetables and fruits. Salt intake is quite high due to habitual drinking of salty butter tea. Former national surveys showed a high prevalence of hypertension in Tibet. The investigators conducted this randomized controlled intervention study to test whether the investigators can offer a cost effective way to lower blood pressure and control hypertension in a sample of subjects from Yangbajing and Gongtang in Dangxiong County, Lhasa, Tibet.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Yangbajing Township and Gongtang Village in the Dangxiong county , Tibet. A total of 282 hypertensive patients were chosen as study subjects. The regular salt or salt substitution were randomly allocated to the two groups. The whole intervention last for 6 months, with Phase 1 for three months and a following Phase 2 for another three months. For Phase 1, the study subjects were allocated the regular salt or the salt substitute after a randomization. For Phase 2, the study subjects continued the intervention of regular salt or salt substitute while the ones with a blood pressure above 140mmHg/90 mmHg will be given low-dose diuretic for further anti-hypertensive therapy. During the whole intervention period, the study subjects were not informed of what kind of salt they were taking. Blood pressure was the major outcome and would be measured at baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
INTRODUCTION: Hemolytic interference may impact various laboratory tests, including coagulation analyses. Apixaban is the most commonly used direct oral anticoagulant in Norway, and there is lacking knowledge on how apixaban concentration measurements might be influenced by hemolysis. Moreover, hemolysis-induced alterations in apixaban levels could potentially impact the risk of bleeding in specific clinical scenarios. We wanted to study whether hemolysis would increase apixaban concentration and investigate the impact of hemolytic interference on apixaban concentration measurements.
METHODS: Blood samples from 20 apixaban-treated patients and 8 healthy controls were hemolyzed in vitro by a freeze method. The degree of hemolysis was measured with plasma free hemoglobin (PfHb) at baseline and two levels of hemolysis. Apixaban concentration was measured in plasma using both the chromogenic anti-Xa method and the ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Thrombin generation assay was performed to assess coagulability.
RESULTS: UPLC-MS measurements showed a mean concentration change of -1.66% (±3.2%, p = 0.005) and anti-Xa assay showed a mean concentration change of 3.37% (±6.5%, p = 0.09) with increasing hemolysis. Thrombin generation lagtime decreased, and endogenous thrombin potential and peak thrombin increased with increasing hemolysis in both the control group and the apixaban group.
CONCLUSION: Apixaban concentration measurements by anti-Xa assay and UPLC-MS were not affected by hemolysis to a clinically relevant extent. Furthermore, hemolysis did not lead to hypocoagulability when assessed by thrombin generation.
The USG probe will be placed at the level of the posterior axillary line and the broken ribs. The ribs, external intercostal muscle, and internal intercostal muscle structures will be imaged. 3 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected into the subcostal area. This 3 ml 0.25% bupivacaine injection will be administered for each broken rib. The block will be terminated.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disease which prevalence is increasing worldwide. The impact of environmental factors on MS susceptibility has already been defined and highlighted in many previous reports, particularly vitamin D or ultraviolet B light exposure, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, obesity, and smoking. There is increasing evidence that environmental and lifestyle factors are not only important in triggering MS but are also implicated in MS progression. Low sun exposure and vitamin D deficiency exhibit a strong relationship with disease progression in both animal and human studies. The gestational period seems also to impact long-term disease progression as January's babies had a higher risk of requiring walking assistance than those born in other months. The implication of EBV in neurodegeneration and MS progression was also suggested even though its specific targets and mechanisms are still unclear. Cigarette smoking is correlated with faster clinical progression. The association of obesity and smoking seems to be associated with a faster progression and an increased rate of brain atrophy. Although the effect of air pollution on MS pathogenesis remains not fully understood, exposure to polluted air can stimulate several mechanisms that might contribute to MS severity. People with MS with active disease have an altered microbiota compared to patients in the remission phase. Cardiovascular comorbidities, epilepsy, and depression are also associated with a more severe disability accrual. Knowledge about MS modifiable risk factors of progression need to be incorporated into everyday clinical practice in order to ameliorate disease outcomes.
The present invention concerns the detection of resistance in a living organism, e.g., herbicide resistance in weed crops. Based on non-separated compounds obtained from an organism, e.g., an extract from a plant, a color development is generated. The color or shade developed is dependent on the compounds of the organism. By comparing the color or shade of the extract obtained from an organism with a standard color scale developed with respect to the same organism, it is possible to determine if the organism is resistant to a pesticide, e.g., a herbicide. The invention also concerns a method of providing a standard color scale for material from a living organism that has been exposed to stress, e.g., a pesticide. As assay kit for the determination of whether material from a living organism is resistant to a pesticide is also described. The present invention may be used by farmers or advisors to test if the plants have developed resistance to a herbicide.
Autoimmune cerebellar ataxia is a disease entity that affects the cerebellum and is induced by autoimmune mechanisms. The disease is classified into several etiologies, including gluten ataxia, anti-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) ataxia, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia and postinfectious cerebellar ataxia. The autoimmune response in the periphery cross-reacts with similar antigens in the cerebellum due to molecular mimicry. Breakdown of the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) could potentially explain the vulnerability of the cerebellum during the development of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia, as it gives rise to the entry of pathogenic autoantibodies or lymphocytes into the cerebellum. In this review, the maintenance of the BBB under normal conditions and the molecular basis of BBB disruption under pathological conditions are highlighted. Next, the pathomechanism of BBB breakdown in each subtype of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia is discussed. We recently identified glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 antibodies in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, and GRP78 antibodies induced by cross-reactivity with tumors can disrupt the BBB and penetrate anti-P/Q type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibodies into the cerebellum, thus leading to cerebellar ataxia in this disease.
Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are localized areas of abnormal development of the lymphatic system that commonly occur in the head and neck of children. LMs are considered a rare or orphan disease which causes complications including pain, ulceration, secondary infection, infiltration of other organs, and death. Current therapies involve surgical excision or methods of chemical or physical destruction of portions of lesions. No therapies are uniformly effective and all have the risk of significant adverse events. We recently witnessed almost complete resolution of a LM lesion in a child who was treated with sildenafil oral therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. We have subsequently evaluated additional subjects who improved with sildenafil. The goal of this clinical research trial is to document the benefit or absence of benefit of sildenafil therapy for LMs and identify which type of patient will benefit from sildenafil. This study is a double-blind placebo-controlled trial which involves precise documentation of volume changes associated with therapy or placebo by using MRI segmentation techniques. We will also observe and document the clinical response to sildenafil or placebo using clinical evaluation scores and surveys. The results of the study should identify characteristics of LM lesions which may suggest a beneficial response to sildenafil therapy. Sildenafil has very low risk of side effects in the dosage used in this trial. Documentation of an effective response of LMs to sildenafil will accelerate the interest in, and the ability to understand, the mechanisms of LM formation and treatment.
The patient awaited allogeneic corneal donation and underwent corneal transplantation surgery. Postoperatively, the patient was followed up and re-examined for 2 years.