anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Ensuring adequate fetal oxygenation is an essential aim of fetal monitoring. The purpose of this study was to establish a basic technique for real-time measurement of blood oxygen saturation of the placenta by photoacoustic (PA) technique as a new fetal monitoring method.
METHODS: The hypoxia model established in our previous study was applied to 7 pregnant rabbits. Three phases were induced: normal phase, hypoxia phase, and recovery phase. Three methods were simultaneously used for real-time fetal monitoring: fetal heat rate (FHR) monitoring, oxygen saturation (SO2) measurement by near-infrared spectroscopy (SNO2), and placenta SO2 measured by PA technique (SplO2). The maternal hypoxia was assessed by skin SO2 measured by PA technique (SsO2), and arterial blood SO2 by blood gas analysis (SaO2).
RESULTS: The average of SplO2 in normal phase was 52.6 ± 13.9 %. The averages of SNO2, SSO2, and SplO2 in the seven rabbits changed in parallel from the normal phase to hypoxia phase. In the recovery phase, the SplO2 rose in parallel with recovery of SaO2. There was lag in increase of the FHR compared to the change in the other values. In the detailed analysis of PA signals from the labyrinth and decidua, a unique change in oxygen saturation was seen in one case.
DISCUSSION: Results of this study showed that sensitivity of our novel PA technique in detecting tissue hypoxia was similar to near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). As an advantage, unlike NIRS, monitoring with PA technique was unaffected by ischemia and surface changes in oxygen saturation because of its higher spatial resolution. We conclude that PA technique provides more accurate information about fetal blood placenta than NIRS. Ultrasound imaging, combined with oxygen saturation monitoring by PA technique, would improve fetal monitoring and fetal diagnosis in the future.
Clinical Presentation

Acute overdose with Sufentanil Citrate Injection can be manifested by respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, and, in some cases, pulmonary edema, bradycardia, hypotension, partial or complete airway obstruction, atypical snoring, and death. Marked mydriasis rather than miosis may be seen with hypoxia in overdose situations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

Treatment of Overdose

In case of overdose, priorities are the reestablishment of a patent and protected airway and institution of assisted or controlled ventilation, if needed. Employ other supportive measures (including oxygen and vasopressors) in the management of circulatory shock and pulmonary edema as indicated. Cardiac arrest or arrhythmias will require advanced life-support techniques. 

The opioid antagonists, naloxone or nalmefene, are specific antidotes to respiratory depression resulting from opioid overdose. For clinically significant respiratory or circulatory depression secondary to sufentanil overdose, administer an opioid antagonist. Opioid antagonists should not be administered in the absence of clinically significant respiratory or circulatory depression secondary to sufentanil overdose. 

Because the duration of opioid reversal is expected to be less than the duration of action of sufentanil in Sufentanil Citrate Injection, carefully monitor the patient until spontaneous respiration is reliably reestablished. If the response to an opioid antagonist is suboptimal or only brief in nature, administer additional antagonist as directed by the product's prescribing information. 

In an individual physically dependent on opioids, administration of the recommended usual dosage of the antagonist will precipitate an acute withdrawal syndrome. The severity of the withdrawal symptoms experienced will depend on the degree of physical dependence and the dose of the antagonist administered. If a decision is made to treat serious respiratory depression in the physically dependent patient, administration of the antagonist should be initiated with care and by titration with smaller than usual doses of the antagonist.
Participants assigned to the PICT condition will receive weekly hour long intervention sessions in their home for 6 months. Parents will learn four sets of communication support strategies: (a) visual (e.g., modeling language within the child's line of sight), (b) interactive (e.g., following the child's attentional focus), (c) responsive (e.g., responding to all communicative attempts), and (d) linguistically stimulating (e.g., modeling language targets, expanding child communication).
Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of hydrocodone bitartrate and ibuprofen tablets and other treatment options before deciding to use hydrocodone bitartrate and ibuprofen tablets. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals (see WARNINGS).

After observing the response to initial therapy with hydrocodone bitartrate and ibuprofen tablets, the dose and frequency should be adjusted to suit an individual patient's needs.

For the short-term (generally less than 10 days) management of acute pain, the recommended dose of hydrocodone bitartrate and ibuprofen tablets is one tablet every 4 to 6 hours, as necessary. Dosage should not exceed 5 tablets in a 24-hour period. It should be kept in mind that tolerance to hydrocodone can develop with continued use and that the incidence of untoward effects is dose related.

The lowest effective dose or the longest dosing interval should be sought for each patient (see WARNINGS), especially in the elderly. After observing the initial response to therapy with hydrocodone bitartrate and ibuprofen tablets, the dose and frequency of dosing should be adjusted to suit the individual patient's need, without exceeding the total daily dose recommended.
Background: Sarcopenia is defined as a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass plus a decline in muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance with advancing age. The results of current studies on the relationship between drinking and sarcopenia remain controversial.Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of alcohol consumption with the risk of sarcopenia.Methods: Systematic searches were conducted without language restrictions from the beginning of each database to September 20, 2023 on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, Chinese BioMedical Literature, and China national knowledge infrastructure databases. Meta-analysis was conducted to pool the study-specific odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: Sixty-two studies with 454,643 participants were enrolled. The meta-analysis of proportions revealed that alcohol consumption was not associated with the presence of sarcopenia, with a pooled OR of 0.964 (95% CI = 0.912-1.019). Further subgroup analysis indicated that alcohol consumption was correlated with lower risk of sarcopenia in men (OR = 0.763; 95% CI = 0.622-0.938; P = .010). The nonlinear dose-response analysis suggested a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the risk of sarcopenia, with a nadir at the amounts of alcohol consumption of 6.6 grams/day (OR = 0.765; 95% CI = 0.608-0.957; P < .05).Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that alcohol consumption is not a risk factor for the development of sarcopenia. Any suggestion of a putative protective effect of alcohol should be treated with caution, particularly in light of the overall lack of relationship reported in the present comprehensive meta-analysis.
Major depressive disorder is a common psychiatric condition often resistant to medication. The Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat has been suggested as an animal model of depression; however, it is still challenging to translate results from animal models into humans. Solitary housing is a mild stress paradigm that can simulate the environment of depressive patients with limited social activity due to symptoms. We used voxel-based morphometry to associate the solitary-housed WKY (sWKY) rat model with data from previous human studies and validated our results with behavioural studies. As a result, atrophy in sWKY rats was detected in the ventral hippocampus, caudate putamen, lateral septum, cerebellar vermis, and cerebellar nuclei (p < 0.05, corrected for family-wise error rate). Locomotor behaviour was negatively correlated with habenula volume and positively correlated with atrophy of the cerebellar vermis. In addition, sWKY rats showed depletion of sucrose consumption not after reward habituation but without reward habituation. Although the application of sWKY rats in a study of anhedonia might be limited, we observed some similarities between the regions of brain atrophy in sWKY rats and humans with depression, supporting the translation of sWKY rat studies to humans.
Hydroxychloroquine 600mg o.d. as loading dose (Day 1) +followed by 200mg t.i.d was initiated within 8-12 hours of the loading dose (not to exceed 12 hours) Azithromycin (AZT) placebo o.d.
Participants who choose this group will receive a combination of conventional lipid-lowering therapy following current clinical guidelines (statins, ezetimibe, or PCSK9 inhibitors) and additional treatment with Probucol 0.5g twice daily. This regimen aims to further reduce atherosclerotic plaque burden and improve cardiovascular outcomes.
The present invention relates to an areca catechu medicinal toothpaste composition which comprises areca catechu and tinidazole and has the functions of suppressing or killing various anaerobic bacteria and other pathogenic bacteria in mouth cavities. The single use of the areca catechu medicinal toothpaste composition in clinic can be used for treating or treating parodontitis, pericoronitis and periodical periodontitis as an assistant. The areca catechu medicinal toothpaste composition also has certain curative effect on the prevention of caries diseases, the formation of dental calculuses, oral ulcer, gum haemorrhage and halitosis removal. In a normal curative process, the present invention almost has no side effect. In daily life, people easy to suffer odontopathy can alternately use the areca catechu medicinal toothpaste composition and ordinary toothpaste for ensuring that the odontopathy does not recur. The present invention is suitable for all people and has the advantages of good economic benefit and good social benefit.
Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe brain disorder that can significantly impact quality of life. It is characterized by delusions, paranoia, and disordered thinking. The cause of schizophrenia has not yet been determined. However, there are many treatments, including drug therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, that may help to alleviate symptoms of the condition. Nicotinic receptors are involved in a number of biological processes; they are numerous throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and are diverse in structure and expression. Genetic and neurobiological research has identified decreased expression of the a7 nicotinic receptor as an element in schizophrenia that is related to poor psychosocial outcome. Data indicate that drug therapy may reduce this deficit in receptor expression. Nicotine has been found to stimulate the a7 nicotinic receptor; however, the physiological dependence associated with nicotine makes it an undesirable option. Dimethoxbenzylidene anabaseine (DMXB-A) can stimulate the a7 nicotinic receptor; its advantages include easy oral administration and the lack of dependence-causing effects. This study will determine whether DMXB-A can safely and effectively stimulate the a7 nicotinic receptor in schizophrenia patients and reduce their neurobiological symptoms.

This study will last 6 weeks. Participants will have study visits each week for the duration of the study. During each visit, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either DMXB-A or placebo. An electrocardiogram (EKG) will measure the heart function of participants and participants' blood pressure will be measured. After the first dose of either DMXB-A or placebo, participants will receive a second dose 2 hours later. An evoked potential test, which measures the brain's response to stimuli, will be performed after both doses. Neuropsychological tests, such as verbal reasoning and visual retention, will be performed following the second dose of either DMXB-A or placebo.
Regulation of autophagy through the 62 kDa ubiquitin-binding protein/autophagosome cargo protein sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1), whose level is generally inversely proportional to autophagy, is crucial in microglial functions. Since autophagy is involved in inflammatory mechanisms, we investigated the actions of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-inflammatory rosuvastatin (RST) in secondary microglial cultures with or without bafilomycin A1 (BAF) pretreatment, an antibiotic that potently inhibits autophagosome fusion with lysosomes. The levels of the microglia marker protein Iba1 and the autophagosome marker protein p62/SQSTM1 were quantified by Western blots, while the number of p62/SQSTM1 immunoreactive puncta was quantitatively analyzed using fluorescent immunocytochemistry. BAF pretreatment hampered microglial survival and decreased Iba1 protein level under all culturing conditions. Cytoplasmic p62/SQSTM1 level was increased in cultures treated with LPS+RST but reversed markedly when BAF+LPS+RST were applied together. Furthermore, the number of p62/SQSTM1 immunoreactive autophagosome puncta was significantly reduced when RST was used but increased significantly in BAF+RST-treated cultures, indicating a modulation of autophagic flux through reduction in p62/SQSTM1 degradation. These findings collectively indicate that the cytoplasmic level of p62/SQSTM1 protein and autophagocytotic flux are differentially regulated, regardless of pro- or anti-inflammatory state, and provide context for understanding the role of autophagy in microglial function in various inflammatory settings.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound expressed by formula I (R1 represents H or protecting group of the carboxyl group; R2 and R3 each represent H or lower alkyl; R4 represents lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc.; A represents OH, mercapto, acylthio, carboxyl, etc.). EXAMPLE:Bis-[methyl N-(2-thiobenzoyl)L-prolinate]disulfide. USE:A hypotensor having inhibitory action on angiotensin converting enzymes. PREPARATION:A carboxylic acid expressed by formula II or its reactive derivative is reacted with a compound expressed by formula III to obtain a compound expressed by formula IV, which is then reduced in the presence of a reducing agent such as triphenylphosphine under acidic conditions within room temperature -50 deg.C range. Further, if necessary, hydrolysis of the protecting group of the carboxyl group or acylation of the mercapto group is carried out to obtain the compound expressed by formula I (A represents mercapto or acylthio).
OBJECTIVE: Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PAS) is a serious obstetric complication associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic balloon occlusion (PBO), as an intravascular interventional therapies, has emerged as a potential management strategy for controlling massive hemorrhage in patients with PAS. However, current evidence about the clinical application of PBO in PAS patients are still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PBO in the management of PAS.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study including PAS patients underwent cesarean delivery was conducted in a tertiary hospital from January 2015 to March 2022. Included PAS patients were further divided into balloon and control groups by whether PBO was performed. Groups were compared for demographic characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative parameters, maternal and neonatal outcomes, PBO-related complication and follow up outcomes. Additionally, multivariate-logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the definitive associations between PBO and risk of massive hemorrhage and hysterectomy.
RESULTS: A total of 285 PAS patients met the inclusion criteria were included, of which 57 PAS patients underwent PBO (PBO group) and 228 women performed cesarean section (CS) without PBO (control group). Irrespective of the differences of baseline characteristics between the two groups, PBO intervention did not reduce the blood loss, hysterectomy rate and postoperative hospital stay, but it prolonged the operation time and increased the cost of hospitalization (All P < 0.05) Additionally, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications, neonatal outcomes, and follow-up outcomes(All P > 0.05). In particular, patients undergoing PBO were more likely to develop the venous thrombosis postoperatively (P = 0.001). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PBO significantly decreased the risk of massive hemorrhage (OR 0.289, 95%CI:0.109-0.766, P = 0.013). The grade of PAS and MRI with S2 invasion were the significant risk factors affecting massive hemorrhage(OR:6.232 and OR:5.380, P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: PBO has the potential to reduce massive hemorrhage in PAS patients undergoing CS. Obstetricians should, however, be aware of potential complications arising from the PBO. Additionally, MRI with S2 invasion and PAS grade will be useful to identify PAS patients who at high risk and may benefit from PBO. In brief, PBO seem to be a promising alternative for management of PAS, yet well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to convincingly demonstrate its benefits and triage the necessity of PBO.
Artificially sweetened beverages containing noncaloric monosaccharides were suggested as healthier alternatives to sugar-sweetened beverages. Nevertheless, the potential detrimental effects of these noncaloric monosaccharides on blood vessel function remain inadequately understood. We have established a zebrafish model that exhibits significant excessive angiogenesis induced by high glucose, resembling the hyperangiogenic characteristics observed in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Utilizing this model, we observed that glucose and noncaloric monosaccharides could induce excessive formation of blood vessels, especially intersegmental vessels (ISVs). The excessively branched vessels were observed to be formed by ectopic activation of quiescent endothelial cells (ECs) into tip cells. Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing analysis of the ECs in the embryos exposed to high glucose revealed an augmented ratio of capillary ECs, proliferating ECs, and a series of upregulated proangiogenic genes. Further analysis and experiments validated that reduced foxo1a mediated the excessive angiogenesis induced by monosaccharides via upregulating the expression of marcksl1a. This study has provided new evidence showing the negative effects of noncaloric monosaccharides on the vascular system and the underlying mechanisms.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title compsn. having excellent curing characteristics, giving a cured product having excellent hydrophilic property and dimensional reproducibility and being useful for a dental molding material, by compounding two specified polyethers and a catalyst. CONSTITUTION:The title compsn. is obtd. by compounding a linear or branched polyether (i) having alkenyl end groups of formula I (wherein A is a di-- hexavalent 1-10C satd. hydrocarbon group; R1 is a linear or branched 1-6C alkylene; a is 1-300; B is formula II; R2-6 are each H, 1-10C alkyl; d is 1-10), a linear or branched polyether (ii) having Si-H groups the amt. of which is 0.5-10 mol times as much as alkenyl groups in the obtd. compsn. having polyorganosiloxane residues of formula III (wherein D is A; R7 is R1; E is formula IV; R8-12 are each R2; g is d; e is 1-30; f is 2-6; G is formula V-VII; h and i are each 1-8; R13 is H, CH3; M is CH3; j is 0-8; k is 1-3 and j+k=1-9; p and q are each 0-4 and p+q=1-4; R1 is R13) having one or more Si-H groups on its terminals and having 2 or more Si-H groups in its molecule and a catalyst (iii) selected from platinum (complex) and hexachloroplatinic acid.
When stored in refrigerated conditions between 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F) and protected from light, unopened vials of cladribine injection are stable until the expiration date indicated on the package. Freezing does not adversely affect the solution. If freezing occurs, thaw naturally to room temperature. DO NOT heat or microwave. Once thawed, the vial of cladribine injection is stable until expiry if refrigerated. DO NOT refreeze. Once diluted, solutions containing cladribine injection should be administered promptly or stored in the refrigerator (2° to 8°C) for no more than 8 hours prior to administration.
The invention aims to provide a drug delivery system with bovine antimicrobial peptide BMAP28 as therapeutic gene, a gene expression vector, a drug delivery vector and a preparation method and application thereof. The molecular cloning technique containing PCR technology, point mutation technology and enzyme digestion and connection, etc. is utilized, and a BMAP28 gene-carrying secretion-type eukaryotic expression plasmid is constructed. Naked plasmid DNA is encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles to prepare the antimicrobial peptide gene-loaded drug delivery system. The drug delivery system of the invention can effectively mediate a gene drug to be expressed in eukaryotic cell and secreted to ectoenzyme. The system has good curative effects on cow mastitis.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject compound in high purity by previously hydrogenating natural fats and oils containing a diacyl glyceryl ether, then carrying out ester interchange, removing fatty acid salts by simple treatment of acidification and washing with water and preventing coprecipitation of the fatty acid salts in cooling and separation. CONSTITUTION:Natural fats and oils containing a diacyl glyceryl ether, e.g. residual oil after removing squalene from deep-sea shark liver oil are hydrogenated and the resultant hydrogenated substance is then subjected to ester interchange with a <= 6C alkanol in the presence of an alkali catalyst to provide (A) a glyceryl ether and (B) a fatty acid ester of a lower alcohol. An acid is subsequently added thereto to acidify both. Washing with water is then performed to separate and remove fatty acid salts and prevent the fatty acid salts from depositing in cooling and separating steps. Furthermore, the aforementioned products (A) and (B) are dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent and cooled to deposit and separate the product (A) from th product (B). Thereby, the objective glyceryl ether useful as a special surfactant for cosmetics is industrially and advantageously obtained from the above-mentioned fats and oils in high purity.