anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lipid disorders associated with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy are of growing concern. There is little information available on the safety and efficacy of statins or fibrates in the treatment of HIV-associated hyperlipidemias. Fenofibrate and pravastatin both are able to reduce low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides (TG), but it is unclear whether one therapy will be more effective than the other, or if combination therapy will be needed to achieve desirable reductions in both LDL and TG. \[AS PER AMENDMENT 12/13/01: The NIAID HIV Therapeutic Trials Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) met June 26, 2001 to review the interim results. The interim monitoring plan for this study states that accrual into either single-agent therapy arm should stop if the response rate failed to meet a pre-specified minimum at the time of interim review. The DSMB found that this stopping criterion was met for each single-therapy arm. The DSMB recommended that patients currently on single-agent therapy be offered the opportunity to initiate dual-agent therapy, regardless of time on study. There were no safety concerns.\]

Patients are randomized to either Arm A or Arm B and stratified by gender, TG level, and number of cardiovascular risk factors. Patients add daily fenofibrate (Arm A) or pravastatin (Arm B) to their antiretroviral therapy for 48 weeks. Evaluations at Week 12 determine LDL, TG, and high-density lipid (HDL) levels. Patients who achieve clinical goals for these levels stay on the drug for the rest of the study. Patients who do not achieve the goals by Week 12 receive a combination of pravastatin and fenofibrate for the rest of the study. At regular clinic visits, patients have physical exams and are questioned about their medications, diet, and exercise. Blood samples are drawn for clinical evaluations, including lipid profiles and HIV-1 RNA monitoring. \[AS PER AMENDMENT 12/13/01: On June 26, 2001, the DSMB reviewed interim results and determined that the response rates for both arms met the stopping rule for futility. As a result, all patients who were currently on single-agent therapy were offered the opportunity to initiate dual-agent therapy regardless of time on study. No additional accrual was sought; however, exceptions were made for patients who were in screening at the time of the DSMB review. These patients were given the option of starting single- or dual-agent therapy. The DSMB recommended that all patients on dual-agent therapy be followed for 32 weeks to obtain additional safety and efficacy data. Further endpoints will be analyzed after Week 12 of single-agent therapy or Week 32 of dual-agent therapy.\]
PURPOSE: To obtain products which are less decreased in lactic acid bacteria in spite of room-temp. storage by culturing milk products contg. the lactic acid bacteria in an inert gaseous atmosphere and freeze drying these products in production of dry products consisting essentially of cow's milk or milk products and contg. the lactic acid bacteria. CONSTITUTION: The dry products are produced by adding the lactic acid bacteria (Bifiodobacteria) to a mixture consisting essentially of the cow's milk or milk products and carbide, culturing the bacteria in the inert gaseous atmosphere of nitrogen, etc., molding the mixture to flow molding to form into disk, chip, rod and other shapes and freeze drying them in the inert gaseous atmosphere. The products are airtightly and aroma-tightly packed and are storable at room temp.
BACKGROUND: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most effective and durable treatment for obesity. We aimed to compare the trajectories of antihypertensive medication (AHM) use among obese individuals treated and not treated with MBS.
METHODS: Adults with a body mass index of ≥35 kg/m2 were identified in the Merative Database (US employer-based claims database). Individuals treated with versus without MBS were matched 1:1 using baseline demographic and clinical characteristics as well as AHM utilization. Monthly AHM use was examined in the 3 years after the index date using generalized estimating equations. Subanalyses investigated rates of AHM discontinuation, AHM initiation, and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension.
RESULTS: The primary cohort included 43 206 adults who underwent MBS matched with 43 206 who did not. Compared with no MBS, those treated with MBS had sustained, markedly lower rates of AHM use (31% versus 15% at 12 months; 32% versus 17% at 36 months). Among patients on AHM at baseline, 42% of patients treated with MBS versus 7% treated medically discontinued AHM use (P<0.01). The risk of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension was 3.41× higher (95% CI, 2.91-4.01; P<0.01) 2 years after the index date in patients who did not undergo MBS. Among those without hypertension treated with MBS versus no MBS, 7% versus 21% required AHM at 2 years.
CONCLUSIONS: MBS is associated with lower rates of AHM use, higher rates of AHM discontinuation, and lower rates of AHM initiation among patients not taking AHM. These findings suggest that MBS is both an effective treatment and a preventative measure for hypertension.
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is the most common cause of long-term disability in term neonates, and white matter injury is the primary cause of cerebral palsy. Therapies that focus on the neuroprotection of myelination and oligodendrocyte proliferation could potentially ameliorate long-lasting neurological impairments after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Clemastine, a histamine H1 antagonist, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury by promoting oligodendrogenesis and re-myelination. In this study, we demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of clemastine in our rat model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of either vehicle or clemastine (10 mg/kg) for 6 consecutive days. Our results showed a significant reduction in white matter loss after treatment, with a clear effect of clemastine on oligodendrocytes, showing a significant increase in the number of Olig2+ cells. We characterized the MAPK/ERK pathway as a potential mechanistic pathway underlying the neuroprotective effects of clemastine. Altogether, our results demonstrate that clemastine is a potential compound for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with a clear neuroprotective effect on white matter injury by promoting oligodendrogenesis.
Absorption   
Diclofenac is 100% absorbed after oral administration compared to intravenous (IV) administration as measured by urine recovery. However, due to firstpass metabolism, only about 50% of the absorbed dose is systemically available (see Table 1). When diclofenac sodium extended-release tablet are taken with food, there is a delay of 1 to 2 hours in the Tmax and a 2-fold increase in Cmax values. The extent of absorption of diclofenac, however, is not significantly affected by food intake.

  


Table 1. Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Diclofenac
A crowd contact history tracking system by epidemic prevention portable device and a method thereof are provided. Broadcasted received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of second epidemic prevention portable device/first epidemic prevention portable device is obtained by first epidemic prevention portable device/second epidemic prevention portable device when broadcast of second epidemic prevention portable device/first epidemic prevention portable device is received by first epidemic prevention portable device/second epidemic prevention portable device through wireless transmission. First determine distance is converted with RSSI by first epidemic prevention portable device/second epidemic prevention portable device. Warning flag is triggered by first epidemic prevention portable device/second epidemic prevention portable device when first determine distance less than or equal to warning distance. First epidemic prevention portable device identification information/second epidemic prevention portable device identification information transferred to second epidemic prevention portable device/first epidemic prevention portable device from first epidemic prevention portable device/second epidemic prevention portable device when converted second determine distance again less than or equal to warning distance and warning flag is triggered. Therefore, the efficiency of crowd contact history tracking by epidemic prevention portable device may be achieved.
The invention discloses a lactobacillus plantarum strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y strain which is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) No. M2023384 in 2023 and 3-month 21 and application thereof. The invention also discloses application of the lactobacillus plantarum and the microbial inoculum thereof in preparing medicines or animal feeds for preventing and/or treating intestinal pathogenic bacteria infection. The invention also discloses application of the lactobacillus plantarum and the microbial inoculum thereof in preparing foods or health-care products. The invention also discloses application of the lactobacillus plantarum in preparing a reagent or a kit for detecting the agglutination test of the antigen or the antibody. The lactobacillus plantarum provided by the invention has stronger acid resistance and bile salt resistance. Has obvious inhibiting effect on salmonella, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae. Has high self-coagulation ability and high coagglutination ability to salmonella typhimurium SL 1344. Can effectively inhibit the adhesion of salmonella typhimurium SL1344 to IPI-2I cells.
INTRODUCTION: Texas consistently accounts for approximately 10% of annual national births, the second highest of all US states. This temporal study aimed to evaluate incidences of neonatal surgical conditions across Texas and to delineate regional pediatric surgeon accessibility.
METHODS: The Texas Birth Defects Registry was queried from 1999 to 2018, based on 11 well-established regions. Nine disorders (30,476 patients) were identified as being within the operative scope of pediatric surgeons: biliary atresia (BA), pyloric stenosis (PS), Hirschsprung's disease, stenosis/atresia of large intestine/rectum/anus, stenosis/atresia of small intestine, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, gastroschisis, omphalocele, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Annual and regional incidences were compared (/10,000 births). Statewide pediatric surgeons were identified through the American Pediatric Surgical Association directory. Regional incidences of neonatal disorder per surgeon were evaluated from 2010 to 2018 as a surrogate for provider disparity.
RESULTS: PS demonstrated the highest incidence (14.405/10,000), while BA had the lowest (0.707/10,000). Overall, incidences of PS and BA decreased significantly, while incidences of Hirschsprung's disease and small intestine increased. Other diagnoses remained stable. Regions 2 (48.24/10,000) and 11 (47.79/10,000) had the highest incidence of neonatal conditions; Region 6 had the lowest (34.68/10,000). Three rural regions (#2, 4, 9) lacked pediatric surgeons from 2010 to 2018. Of regions with at least one surgeon, historically underserved regions (#10, 11) along the Texas-Mexico border consistently had the highest defect per surgeon rates.
CONCLUSIONS: There are temporal and regional differences in incidences of neonatal conditions treated by pediatric surgeons across Texas. Improving access to neonatal care is a complex issue that necessitates collaborative efforts between state legislatures, health systems, and providers.
Patients receive lapatinib ditosylate PO BID on days -2 to 0. Within 3-5 hours after last dose of lapatinib ditosylate, patients undergo surgical resection of tumor on day 0. Within 30 days of surgical resection of tumor, patients receive lapatinib ditosylate BID for 2 days every 7 days. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Study group(n=50) included CP children with chewing disorder. Growth, feeding evaluation will be done.
Participants will consume the controlled diet for five days. After one day on the diet, subjects will provide three 24-hour urine collections. On the last dayof the diet, subjects will come in a fasted state to ingest a small amount of carbon-13 oxalate and sucralose, with hourly urine collections and blood samples being taken before and after the ingestion.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Revision due to infection, as reported to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register (NAR), is a surrogate endpoint to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). We aimed to find the accuracy of the reported causes of revision after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared with PJI to see how good surgeons were at disclosing infection, based on pre- and intraoperative assessment.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated the reasons for revision potentially caused by PJI following primary THA: infection, aseptic loosening, prolonged wound drainage, and pain only, reported to the NAR from surgeons in the region of Western Norway during the period 2010-2020. The electronic patient charts were investigated for information on clinical assessment, treatment, biochemistry, and microbiological findings. PJI was defined in accordance with the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) definition. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated.
RESULTS: 363 revisions in the NAR were eligible for analyses. Causes of revision were (reported/validated): infection (153/177), aseptic loosening (139/133), prolonged wound drainage (37/13), and pain only (34/40). The sensitivity for reported revision due to infection compared with PJI was 80%, specificity was 94%, and accuracy-the surgeons' ability to disclose PJI or non-septic revision at time of revision-was 87%. The accuracy for the specific revision causes was highest for revision due to aseptic loosening (95%) and pain only (95%), and lowest for revision due to prolonged wound drainage (86%).
CONCLUSION: The accuracy of surgeon-reported revisions due to infection as representing PJI was 87% in the NAR. Our study shows the importance of systematic correction of the reported cause of revision in arthroplasty registers, after results from adequately taken bacterial samples.
Jasmonic acid (JA) is a crucial phytohormone that regulates plant immunity. The endogenous JA level is determined by the rates of its biosynthesis and catabolism in plants. The activation of JA biosynthesis has been well documented; however, how plants repress JA catabolism upon pathogen infection remains elusive. In this study, we identified and characterized Botrytis cinerea-induced F-box protein 1 (BFP1) in Arabidopsis. The expression of BFP1 was induced by B. cinerea in a JA signaling-dependent manner, and BFP1 protein was critical for plant defense against B. cinerea and plant response to JA. In addition, BFP1 overexpression increased plant defenses against broad-spectrum pathogens without fitness costs. Further experiments demonstrated that BFP1 interacts with and mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of jasmonic acid oxidases (JAOs, also known as jasmonate-induced oxygenases, JOXs), the enzymes that hydroxylate JA to 12OH-JA. Consistent with this, BFP1 affects the accumulation of JA and 12OH-JA during B. cinerea infection. Moreover, mutation of JAO2 complemented the phenotypes of the bfp1 mutant. Collectively, our results unveil a new mechanism used by plants to activate immune responses upon pathogen infection: suppressing JA catabolism.
Lateral metatarsal osteotomy (LMO) aims to reposition the affected metatarsals in a chosen position. The approach may be open or percutaneous. There are several types of LMO, according to displacement: shortening, raising, translation or lengthening. Preoperative planning covers type and extent of displacement, osteotomy location and type (open or percutaneous), and number of metatarsals concerned. In the 1990s, older concepts of non-fixed osteotomies gave way to preoperative planning and calculated shortening, including the development of Weil shortening osteotomy. Diaphyseal lengthening or shortening osteotomy is mainly used for brachymetatarsia. The older concept of non-fixed lateral rays made a comeback with percutaneous first-ray surgery. Distal metatarsal minimally invasive osteotomy (DMMO) is the most effective, giving rise to variants such as distal oblique metatarsal minimally invasive osteotomy (DOMMO), to meet the requirements of greater displacement, especially in shortening and translation, and to be applicable in as wide a range of cases as possible. Presently, these percutaneous techniques have not demonstrated superiority over open surgery, and entail specific complications. Even so, they are now part of the armamentarium of forefoot surgery, as their minimal invasiveness corresponds to current trends in surgery, especially in the foot. Level of evidence: V.
The topic of interest is the gut microbiome and the impact of symbiotics (prebiotics coupled with probiotics) on gut health after weight loss surgeries due to surgical alterations of the stomach and bowels as a result of the procedures. Symbiotics provide positive gut health benefits, ie. improvement in bowel function and reduction in gastrointestinal distress symptoms such as bloating. However, when conducting a literature review on probiotics/prebiotics, most of the research studies have poor quality and do not cite the quantity of each strain being studied. To date, no research has been conducted on symbiotic administration in post bariatric surgery patients and their relationship regarding improvements in gastrointestinal symptoms.

There is no standard dose recommended for probiotics. Each strain should be given at a dose that has shown to be effective at providing a health benefit to the host through clinical trials. However, no clear criteria has been established to determine what classifies as effective and what health benefits are considered clinically relevant. Most healthcare organizations recommend between 1 to 20 x 109 colony forming units (CFU)/ day for adults. In many cases, higher dosages have been shown to be more effective, but a clear dose-dependent response has not been identified and a "more is better" philosophy does not apply to all strains. Therefore, one rule states that "If a product contains multiple strains, then each strain should be present at levels of 109 to ensure effectiveness."

The primary objective of this study would be to determine the efficacy of symbiotic administration for improving gastrointestinal health in weight loss surgery patients. This study would test the efficacy of a once daily, multi strain symbiotic on gut health changes in weight loss surgery patients, twelve months or greater post-surgery, by testing stool samples prior to administration and then three months after administration of the symbiotic to monitor any changes in bacteria in the stool samples. Study participants will also complete a survey that evaluates their bowel habits, stool consistency, and gastrointestinal symptoms prior and post symbiotic administration.
Relevant to asthma, the chemical identities and potent anti-inflammatory signaling actions of endogenously-produced Electrophilic Fatty acid OXidation products (EFOXs) have recently been described. Endogenous EFOXs include nitro and alpha and beta-unsaturated ketone derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids that are generated as byproducts of a) fatty acid oxidation and nitration by inflammatory-derived reactive species and b) enzymatic fatty acid oxygenation reactions catalyzed by cyclooxygenase-2 and lipoxygenases. Recent data reveal that multiple salutary post-translational protein modifications are induced by EFOXs. Specifically, the covalent adduction of functionally-significant thiols in signaling proteins occurs, with these reactions modulating critical inflammatory signaling pathways. These signaling proteins include the nuclear lipid receptor PPARg and the redox-sensitive transcription factors NF kappaB and Keap1/Nrf2. This proposed research investigates the concept that the reversible reaction of EFOXs with critical transcription factors results in the regulation of adaptive responses to inflammation.

In this clinical study, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) will be obtained from asthmatics treated with COX-2 inhibitors that enhance (aspirin) and inhibit (indomethacin) COX-2 dependent EFOX generation, as well as from those assigned to no intervention. BAL will be obtained from healthy, non-smoking adults with controlled asthma having at least a 12% increase in FEV1 after short-acting bronchodilator treatment or a positive methacholine response (reduction in FEV1 ≥ 20% at or before 16 mg/ml). A total of 30 asthmatic subjects will be randomized (10 per arm) to a) aspirin, b) indomethacin or c) no intervention groups
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), also known as Multiorgan Hypersensitivity, has been reported in patients taking APTIOM. DRESS may be fatal or life-threatening. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, and/or lymphadenopathy, in association with other organ system involvement, such as hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis sometimes resembling an acute viral infection. Eosinophilia is often present. Because this disorder is variable in its expression, other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, the patient should be evaluated immediately. APTIOM should be discontinued and not be resumed if an alternative etiology for the signs or symptoms cannot be established. Patients with a prior DRESS reaction with either oxcarbazepine or APTIOM should not be treated with APTIOM [see Contraindications (4)].
One of main reason of nocturia is known as nocturnal polyuria. For the treatment of nocturia caused by overactive bladder, the combined therapy of anticholinergics plus behavioural modification has been established as the first line therapy. However, nocturia mainly comes from polyuria has been treated with desmopressin pharmacotherapy and the effect of behaviour modification education has not yet evaluated. Therefore, in this study, short term synergistic effect of combinational treatment of desmopressin and SyBeMeP (Systemized Behavioral Modification education Program) comparing desmopressin monotherpy will be evaluated in patients with nocturia.

Control group: Desmopressin (Minirin Tablet 0.1-0.4mg/day) + simple instruction Study group: Desmopressin (Minirin Tablet 0.1-0.4mg/day) + SyBeMeP. Patients will be randomized and assigned to each group at the ratio of 1:1. At screening visit, flowmetry and residual urine measurement, Complete Blood Count (CBC), atypical diabetes mellitus (ADM), electrolytes, urinalysis micro, urine concentration, and demographic examination will be done. Voiding diary will be distributed. At 2nd visit, patients will be randomized and each treatment will be initiated. IPSS, ICIQ-nocturia, and PPTB will be completed. Voiding diary will be distributed. At 3rd visit (2 weeks after from 2nd visit): IPSS, ICIQ-nocturia, and PPTB will be completed. Assess the treatment outcome including voiding diary analysis.