anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Posterior cranial distraction (PCD) is a surgical technique to address craniosynostosis, especially in syndromic patients. The technique has the ability to significantly expand the cranium, while requiring minimal dural dissection, compared to cranial remodeling. Our goals were to determine the patient characteristics and surgical outcomes of PCD. The two questions that we sought to answer were: 1) What is the average published complication rate and the most common complications of PCD? and 2) How much intracranial volume expansion can one expect with PCD?
DESIGN: A PubMed database search of articles on PCD was performed. Case reports and articles with overlapping patients were excluded. A systematic review was performed using the remaining articles.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient data were extracted in order to determine the total number of patients, patients with a syndrome, types of syndromes, mean age at surgery, mean distraction distance, mean increase in intracranial volume, and complications.
RESULTS: 18 articles representing 325 patients were analyzed. A syndrome was present in 68.6% of patients. The mean age at time of surgery was 22.1 months. Mean distraction amount was 24.7 mm. Mean increase in intracranial volume was 253.2 cm3. The overall complication rate was 32.2%, with the most common complications being surgical-site infection, hardware-related complications and delayed wound healing.
CONCLUSIONS: PCD is a powerful technique in the management of syndromic craniosynostosis, although complication rates are significantly higher than traditional remodeling techniques. Future studies should compare the effects of supratorcular and infratorcular osteotomies on intracranial volume, cosmesis and complications.
BACKGROUND: Vagal activity has analgesic effects that are attributed to exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). High vagal tone and low pain sensitivity are reported in individuals who routinely exercise yet, their association is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown if the heightened vagal tone following high physical activity predicts and intensifies EIH.
METHODS: Fifty-one healthy participants (27 low-moderately physically active; 27 females) underwent a resting-state electrocardiogram followed by heart rate variability analysis. Pain measurements, including pressure (PPT) and heat (HPT) pain thresholds, ratings of tonic heat pain (THP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) paradigm, were conducted pre- and post-exercise on a cycle ergometer.
RESULTS: The highly active group demonstrated higher vagal tone compared to the low-moderately active (root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals: 63.96.92 vs. 34.78 ms, p = 0.018; percentage of successive R-R intervals that exceed 50 ms: 24.41 vs. 11.52%, p = 0.012). Based on repeated-measure ANOVA, the highly active group showed higher PPT at pre-exercise, compared to the low-moderately active group (382 kPa vs. 327 kPa; p = 0.007). Post-exercise, both groups demonstrated EIH, increased HPT (p = 0.013) and decreased THP ratings (p < 0.001). Linear regression revealed that only in the low-moderately active group, higher vagal tone was associated with more efficient pre-exercise CPM and a greater reduction in THP ratings post-exercise (p ≤ 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Highly active individuals demonstrate greater vagal tone and lower pain sensitivity but no greater EIH. Vagal tone moderates pain inhibition efficiency and EIH only in low-moderately active individuals. These findings suggest that physical activity level moderates the vagal-pain association via the endogenous analgesia system.
SIGNIFICANCE: Highly physically active individuals exhibit greater vagal tone and reduced sensitivity to experimental pain, yet they do not benefit more from exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) compared to low-moderately active individuals. Moreover, low-moderately active individuals with greater vagal tone exhibited more efficient endogenous pain inhibition and greater EIH, suggestive of the moderation effect of physical activity level on vagal-pain associations.
Brief physical activity intervention including an initial 45-minute physical activity consultation, telephone support after 2 weeks (approx. 15-minute call), and provision of a pedometer, written information, and a physical activity diary. Embedded behaviour change techniques will include goal setting, self-monitoring, building self-efficacy and social support, and overcoming barriers.
In the PS group, 1 vial of multi-strain probiotics powder via colonoscopic spray is performed once, followed by five-days of two oral placebo capsules daily. After the five-day treatment, the 2nd fecal sample will be collected. Both groups will receive a 23-day course of oral probiotics (two capsules twice daily) subsequently. The patients were asked to keep a diary to record bowel habits and register any adverse events. The 3rd fecal sample will be collected 28 days after the colonoscopy. The questionnaires will be completed 28 days and 84 days after the colonoscopy to assess responses of treatment. Polyethylene glycol and loperamide were allowed during the intervention as the rescue medication.
BACKGROUND: Preoperative frailty is a risk factor associated with postoperative delirium (POD), which has attracted more attention from clinicians, but no research has shown that it is related to elderly patients undergoing craniotomy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of preoperative frailty on POD in older patients, especially those who underwent craniotomy.
METHODS: From October 2022 to May 2023, older patients who underwent elective craniotomy were collected. Assess the occurrence of frailty using the FRAIL scale one day before surgery. Evaluate the occurrence of POD using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) within three days after surgery. Participants were divided into two groups, one group being POD, Logistic regression analysis was used to find the risk variables for POD, and the predictive value of preoperative frailty to POD was determined by using the operating characteristic curve of the subjects.
RESULTS: A total of 300 patients were included in this study, among whom 83 patients (27.7%) exhibited preoperative frailty and 69 patients (23.0%) experienced POD. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that preoperative frailty (OR: 8.816, 95% CI: 3.972-19.572), preoperative hypoalbuminemia (OR: 0.893, 95% CI: 0.811-0.984), low BMI (OR: 0.793, 95% CI: 0.698-0.901), and prolonged operative duration (OR: 1.007, 95% CI: 1.004-1.010) are independent risk factors for POD in older patients who underwent craniotomy. We constructed a risk prediction model using these factors, which had an area under the ROC curve of 0.908 (95% CI: 0.869-0.947, P < 0.001). Preoperative frailty enhanced the discriminative ability of the prediction model by 0.037. POD was associated with a longer length of hospital stay and higher hospitalization costs.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative frailty is an independent risk factor for POD in older patients undergoing elective craniotomy and can predict the occurrence of POD to a certain extent. In addition, early identification of patients at risk of malnutrition and appropriate surgical planning can reduce the incidence of POD.
In the event of overdosage, it can be theorized that electrolyte imbalance would be the major concern, with particular attention to possible hyperkalemia. Other symptoms that might be seen would be nausea and vomiting,other G.I. disturbances and weakness. It is conceivable that some hypotension could occur. As with an overdose of any drug, immediate evacuation of the stomach should be induced through emesis and gastric lavage. Careful evaluation of the electrolyte pattern and fluid balance should be made. There is no specific antidote.

Reversible acute renal failure following ingestion of 50 tablets of a product containing a combination of 50 mg triamterene and 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide has been reported.

The oral LD50 in mice is 380 mg/kg. The amount of drug in a single dose ordinarily associated with symptoms of overdose or likely to be life-threatening is not known. Although triamterene is 67% protein bound, there may be some benefit to dialysis in cases of overdosage.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, histopathology, management, and outcome of nodular histiocytic iritis, an intraocular variant of nodular granulomatous episcleritis (NGE).
METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical records of five dogs with intraocular NGE-type inflammation as diagnosed by histopathology.
RESULTS: Four Border Collies and one crossbreed dog, aged 1.5-3.4 years (mean age 2.38 years). The clinical presentation was an extensive, raised, pale iris lesion of variable location. All cases were unilateral. The physical examination was normal. Complete blood count/serum biochemistry (n = 1) and thoracic radiography (n = 1) were normal. Ocular ultrasound (n = 2) was normal apart from increased iris thickness. Enucleation (n = 4) or excisional biopsy (iridectomy, n = 1) was performed because of suspected neoplasia. Following enucleation, the remaining, contralateral eye did not develop additional lesions (9 days-3.7 years follow-up). There was no recurrence following sector iridectomy with 5 months topical 1% prednisolone acetate (3.9 years follow-up). The histopathologic findings in all five cases indicated a focal histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic anterior uveitis (iritis), similar to that seen in cases of NGE.
CONCLUSION: Nodular histiocytic iritis presents as unilateral iris thickening in isolation and young Collies appear to be predisposed. The histopathological findings are similar to NGE. Although the clinical presentation resembles intraocular neoplasia, an inflammatory process should be considered, which may be amenable to medical management. Definitive diagnosis may be obtained by iris sampling.
Genetic polymorphisms have been linked to the differential waning of vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19 following vaccination. Despite this, evidence on the mechanisms behind this waning and its implications for vaccination policy remains limited. We hypothesize that specific gene variants may modulate the development of vaccine-initiated immunity, leading to impaired immune function. This study investigates genetic determinants influencing the sustainability of immunity post-mRNA vaccination through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Utilizing a hospital-based, test negative case-control design, we enrolled 1,119 participants from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) cohort, all of whom completed a full mRNA COVID-19 vaccination regimen and underwent PCR testing during the Omicron outbreak. Participants were classified into breakthrough and protected groups based on PCR results. Genetic samples were analyzed using SNP arrays with rigorous quality control. Cox regression identified significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breakthrough infections, affecting 743 genes involved in processes such as antigenic protein translation, B cell activation, and T cell function. Key genes identified include CD247, TRPV1, MYH9, CCL16, and RPTOR, which are vital for immune responses. Polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis revealed that individuals with higher PRS are at greater risk of breakthrough infections post-vaccination, demonstrating a high predictability (AUC = 0.787) in validating population. This finding confirms the significant influence of genetic variations on the durability of immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. This study highlights the importance of considering genetic polymorphisms in evaluating vaccine-induced immunity and proposes potential personalized vaccination strategies by tailoring regimens to individual genetic profiles.
PURPOSE:To obtain a stabilized powdery preparation for injection, which is storable for a long period of time without trouble, when it is given to human bodies, by adding an amide compound as a stabilizing agent, to a powdery preparation for injection, containing aspirin DL-lysine. CONSTITUTION:An amide which has marked action to stabilize high content and prevent discoloration of the preparation, is added to a preparation of aspirin-DL-lysine of the formula. The powdery preparation is used for injection to treat rheumatism, neuralgia, myalgia and such. As an amide, is cited, for example, nicotinamide, isonicotinamide, or urea. The content is generally 0.01-50wt.%, preferably 0.05-20wt.%. Further, the addition of magnesium chloride and/or calcium as a desiccant increases the long-term storage stability.
Participants assigned to the mindfulness group will attend four weekly sessions that are each 1.5 hours in length. The sessions will follow the structure described by Short, Mazmanian, Ozen, \& Bédard (2015). The structure is designed to first enhance learners' foundation skills in mindfulness and progresses into teaching learners more advanced mindfulness skills.
The excessive inflammation caused by the prolonged activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its downstream signaling pathways leads to sepsis. CD14-mediated endocytosis of TLR4 is the key step to control the amount of TLR4 on cell membrane and the activity of downstream pathways. The actin cytoskeleton is necessary for receptor-mediated endocytosis, but its role in TLR4 endocytosis remains elusive. Here we show that Tropomodulin 1 (Tmod1), an actin capping protein, inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TLR4 endocytosis and intracellular trafficking in macrophages. Thus it resulted in increased surface TLR4 and the upregulation of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent pathway and the downregulation of TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent pathway, leading to the enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and the reduced secretion of cytokines, such as IFN-β. Macrophages deficient with Tmod1 relieved the inflammatory response in LPS-induced acute lung injury mouse model. Mechanistically, Tmod1 negatively regulated LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis and inflammatory response through modulating the activity of CD14/Syk/PLCγ2/IP3/Ca2+ signaling pathway, the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton, and the membrane tension. Therefore, Tmod1 is a key regulator of inflammatory response and immune functions in macrophages and may be a potential target for the treatment of excessive inflammation and sepsis.
Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a master regulator of gene expression. Mutations of the SATB2 gene results in the SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), a genetic disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental disabilities and autism-related phenotype. The importance of plasma as an indicator of SAS phenotypes is unknown. We aim to investigate if pathogenic variants in SATB2 are associated with alteration to relevant pathways in the plasma of SAS patients and identify key differentially regulated proteins which may serve as biomarkers to improve diagnostic and future pharmacological approaches. We used well-validated proteomic technologies to determine the proteomic profile of plasma from SAS patients compared to healthy control subjects. Bioinformatical analysis was performed to identify significant proteins and functionally enriched pathways. We identified differentially expressed proteins in the plasma of SAS patients that are significantly involved in metabolism-related pathways. Energy metabolism, glucose metabolism and vitamin metabolism pathways are significantly enriched in SAS patients as compared to healthy controls. Our study linked SATB2 mutations to the impairment of plasma proteins involved in different metabolic pathways in SAS patients.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has long been known that airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can negatively affect pregnancy and birth outcomes, such as birth weight, fetal development, and placental growth factors. However, similar studies yield divergent results. Our goal was to estimate the amount of monohydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) metabolites in the urine of pregnant women/mothers and their newborns in relation to birth outcomes, such as placenta weight, Apgar 5', and the growth parameters of children up to the age of two.
METHODS: Two cohorts of children born in 2013 and 2014 during the summer and winter seasons in the Czech Republic in the cities Karviná (N = 144) and České Budějovice (N = 198), which differ significantly in the level of air pollution, were studied. PAH exposure was assessed by the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in the air and the concentration of 11 OH-PAH metabolites in the urine of newborns and mothers. Growth parameters and birth outcomes were obtained from medical questionnaires after birth and from pediatric questionnaires during the following 24 months of the child's life.
RESULTS: Concentrations of B[a]P were significantly higher in Karviná (p < 0.001). OH-PAH metabolites were significantly higher in the mothers' as well as in the newborns' urine in Karviná and during the winter season. Neonatal length was shorter in newborns in Karviná (p < 0.001), but this difference evened out during the next 3 to 24 months. Compared to České Budějovice, newborns in Karviná showed significantly lower weight gain between birth and three months after delivery. The OH-PAH metabolites in mothers' or newborns' urine did not affect birth weight. The presence of seven OH-PAH (top 25% of values of concentrations higher than the median) metabolites in the newborns' urine is associated with decreased length of newborn. Nine OH-PAH metabolites decreased placenta weight, which was the most significant, while seven OH-PAH metabolites decreased Apgar 5'.
CONCLUSION: We have shown a possible connection between higher concentration of OH-PAH metabolites in newborns' urine and decreased length, head circumference, placenta weight, and Apgar 5', but not birth weight.
Disclosed is a compound having an excellent control effect on a harmful arthropod. The compound represented by the formula (I) or a nitrogen oxide thereof has an excellent controlling effect on harmful arthropods. [ wherein Q represents a group represented by Q1 or a group represented by Q2, z represents an oxygen atom or the like, A  2  Represents CR  4a  Etc. A  3  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  4b  Etc. B  1  Represents CR  1  Etc. B  2  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  6b  Etc. B  3  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  6c  Etc. G  1  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  3a  ，G  2  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  3b  ，G  3  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  3c  ，G  4  Represents a nitrogen atom or CR  3d  ，R  1  Represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group substituted with 1 or more substituents selected from a cyano group and a halogen atom, or the like, R  2  Represents C1-C6 alkyl, etc., R  3a  、R  3b  、R  3c  And R  3d  The same or different, represent a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R  4a  、R  4b  、R  6b  And R  6c  The same or different, represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and n represents 0, 1 or 2.]。
Restylane was randomly administered to subjects. The injection volume was limited to 2c.c.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject therapeutic agent, containing a protease inhibitor as an active ingredient and having immediate preventive effects on adsorption.infection of viruses on cells or intercellular propagation thereof. CONSTITUTION:A therapeutic agent containing a protease inhibitor, e.g. cystatin, mainly inhibiting ficin and papain and derived from albumen, ovomucoid, inhibiting trypsin and derived from the albumen or ovoinhibitor inhibiting the trypsin and homotrypsin as an active ingredient. The protease inhibitor is capable of blocking cleavage of VP4 protein constructing an outer layer capsid of rotavirus, preventing viral particles from acquiring infectivity, suppressing onset after infection or confining the onset to a slight degree. Thereby, remarkable treating effects are exhibited. The aforementioned therapeutic agent is also effective against viral diarrhea of juvenile livestock other than humans.
The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments and discloses a wound medication paste. The wound medication paste has the functions of wrapping up, diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, stopping bleeding and preventing bacterial infection. Adhesion ends can be designed according to wound size to be freely adhered to form size-adjustable wound paste. The wound medication paste is convenient to use and strong in generality and applicability. A bottom layer uses non-woven fabric design so as to be strong in breathability and capable of enabling wound to quickly heal. The wound medication paste comprise a non-woven fabric bottom layer, a medical cotton layer, an insulation layer and two adhesion ends packaged through light white paper. The non-woven fabric bottom layer, the adhesion ends and the medical cotton layer adhered in the center of the non-woven fabric bottom layer are packaged by the insulation layer.
Group B received Dry Needling alone having 25 individuals. Treatment lasted four weeks duration, twice a week.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and disease severity and relapse in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG).
METHODS: 145 MG patients including 79 new-onset patients, 30 remission patients and 36 relapse patients were enrolled in this study. The detailed characteristics of all enrolled MG patients were routinely recorded, including gender, age, type, MGFA classification, antibody, thymic status, clinical score, treatment, MGFA-PIS and B cell subsets (memory B cells, plasmablast cells and plasma cells) detected by flow cytometry. Serum MIF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The correlation of MIF levels with clinical subtypes, disease severity and B cell subsets were investigated. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the factors affecting relapse of generalized MG (GMG).
RESULTS: Serum MIF levels were higher in new-onset MG patients than those in controls and were positively associated with QMG score, MGFA classification and memory B cells. Subgroup analysis revealed that MIF levels were increased in GMG patients than in ocular MG (OMG), as well as elevated in MGFA III/IV compared with MGFA I/II. With the remission of the disease, the expression of serum MIF decreased. The multivariate logistic regression models indicated that high MIF and thymoma was a risk factor for relapse of GMG, and rituximab could prevent disease relapse.
CONCLUSIONS: MIF can be used as a novel biomarker to reflect disease severity and predict disease relapse in MG patients.
Ten 40-minute education sessions appropriate to Saudi people will be developed and will cover essential topics for enhancing diet, lifestyle, and health. Each session comprises four modules, including activities and homework reviewed by a dietitian. Based on the EMPOWER weight loss program developed by the Nakamura lab for the US population, adjustments will be made to align with Saudi preferences, including food choices and cooking methods. Participants will access these materials online.
PURPOSE: A recombinant PR8 virus is provided to ensure high productivity in chicken embryos, high immunogenicity in mammals, and non-pathogenicity in birds and mammals, and to be used as a killed vaccine or a live vaccine. CONSTITUTION: An amino acid has one or more mutation selected from a group consisting of substitutions: at 119th amino acid, H to Y(H119Y); at 177th amino acid, K to E(K177E); at 333th amino acid, L to P(L333P); and at 393th amino acid, R to K(R393K). A composition for enhancing proliferation of influenza virus in chicken embryos contains the amino acid molecule. The composition contains an amino acid molecule with an amino acid sequence among sequence numbers 2-16, and an amino acid molecule with an amino acid sequence of sequence number 18. An expression vector contains a gene encoding the amino acid molecule. A low pathogenicity influenza virus mutant strain has substituted NA amino acid sequence at 369th amino acid, S to N(S369N). A vaccine composition for influenza virus contains the strain.