anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has been shown to modulate several aspects of human social cognition. Although the exact mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear, recent research suggests that OXT modulates the perception of cues that are important for interpersonal processing, particularly emotional facial expressions. Using a backward masking procedure and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the modulatory effects of intranasal OXT on the processing of sub-liminally presented emotional faces. In a double-blind placebo-controlled between-subject pharmaco-fMRI experiment healthy volunteers received either 24IU of intranasal oxytocin or placebo 45mins before they were presented emotional (happy, angry, fearful, sad, disgusting) faces and mirror-reversed neutral faces masked by neutral faces of the same individual. To ensure attentional processing of the faces subjects were required to perform a simple gender decision task in the scanner and a recognition memory task afterwards. All subjects were additionally assessed for their state and trait anxiety and depression as well as empathy. For the analysis, we will use matlab, SPM and SPSS to conduct structural ROI analysis and two Sample t test.
Exosomes are the primary category of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are lipid-bilayer vesicles with biological activity spontaneously secreted from either normal or tansformed cells. They serve a crucial role for intercellular communication and affect extracellular environment and the immune system. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) enclose high levels of immunosuppressive proteins, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). PD-L1 and its receptor PD-1 act as crucial immune checkpoint molecules, thus facilitating tumor advancement by inhibiting immune responses. PDL-1 is abundantly present on tumor cells and interacts with PD-1 on activated T cells, resulting in T cell suppression and allowing immune evasion of cancer cells. Various FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction are commonly used to treat a diverse range of tumors. Although the achieved results are significant, some individuals have a poor reaction to PD-1/PD-L1 blocking. PD-L1-enriched TEXs may mimic the impact of cell-surface PD-L1, consequently potentiating tumor resistance to PD1/PD-L1 based therapy. In light of this, a strong correlation between circulating exosomal PD-L1 levels and response rate to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment has been evinced. This article inspects the function of exosomal PDL-1 in developing resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for opening new avenues for overcoming tumor resistance to such modalities and development of more favored combination therapy.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of recurrent disc hemorrhage (DH) and choroidal microvasculature dropout (MvD).
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 181 eyes with open-angle glaucoma. The clinical characteristics of patients with nonrecurrent and recurrent DH with and without MvD were investigated.
RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients (32.0%) had a single, nonrecurrent DH, and 63 (34.8%) had more than one DH. Sixty eyes (33.1%) with no history of DH were presented as a control group. MvD was more frequent in the recurrent DH group (44.4%) than in the nonrecurrent DH group (27.6%, P = 0.041). The recurrent DH with MvD group experienced more frequent central visual field (VF) progression (71.4%) than the recurrent DH without MvD group (17.1 %, P < 0.001). The recurrent DH without MvD group had a higher frequency of DH recurrence at different locations (42.9%) and more vascular symptoms (37.1%) than the recurrent DH with MvD group (14.3% and 7.1%, P = 0.013 and P = 0.005, respectively). Presence of DH, presence of MvD, vascular symptoms, and DH recurrence at different locations were the factors associated with central VF progression in multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: DH occurrence and the presence of MvDs constitute critical parameters associated with central VF progression. In the presence of MvD, recurrent DH was more likely to recur at the same location as the MvD, whereas recurrent DH without MvD was related to vascular symptoms and recurred at other locations. When eyes present with recurrent DH and MvD, closer follow-up and more aggressive treatment are required to prevent the progression of central VF.
The long-term goal of this project is to develop strategies for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in African Americans. Most intervention studies have excluded African Americans because of the erroneous belief that osteoporosis is not a major health problem in this population. In fact, the incidence rate of hip fracture in blacks is 50% of the rate in whites. Since longevity is increasing in the black population, osteoporotic fractures will become an even greater problem for this ethnic minority in the future. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality from osteoporotic fractures is greater in blacks. The elderly require higher intake of vitamin D to prevent bone loss resulting from secondary hyperparathyroidism. Calcium with sufficient vitamin D supplementation may decrease fractures in elderly white populations as a result of reduction in bone loss and falls (improved physical performance). The only fracture intervention study to include African Americans-the Women's Health Initiative-used an inadequate dose of vitamin D (400 IU), a dose unlikely to achieve the vitamin D status proposed by U.S. experts: serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D \[25(OH)D\] concentration above 75 nmol/L. No calcium/vitamin D intervention studies on fall prevention or physical performance have included African Americans.

As a result of increased skin pigmentation, blacks synthesize less vitamin D from sun exposure. As a result, serum 25(OH)D levels are often in the "insufficient" range. This is accompanied by secondary hyperparathyroidism, but adult blacks have a relative skeletal resistance to PTH, so that they have lower bone turnover. They also have more efficient renal conservation of calcium starting in childhood. Addition of vitamin D3 to a calcium-sufficient African American postmenopausal population does not prevent bone loss. The calcium/vitamin D requirements of black adults may be lower than white adults through midlife. However, the elderly require more vitamin D to produce the higher 25(OH)D levels required to overcome the hyperparathyroidism associated with aging. The skeleton of elderly African Americans appears to be susceptible to the increasing parathyroid hormone levels of old age. Bone loss accelerates and bone turnover markers increase in elderly African Americans just as in whites. The specific aims of this project are to determine if dietary supplementation with calcium/vitamin D will safely reduce bone loss and bone turnover and improve physical performance in elderly African Americans. We will enroll 250 African American women in a four-year vitamin D3 intervention trial where serum 25(OH)D will be maintained at an optimum level above 75 nmol/L. Adequate calcium intake will be ensured. Functional markers of vitamin D including bone density, serum PTH, and bone turnover will be measured. The NIH Conference on Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century, September 5-6, 2007 concluded that research in this population is a high priority.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of 12-week treatment with three different daily doses of ELESTRIN for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms in 484 postmenopausal women between 28 and 74 years of age (mean 54 years; 83-88 percent Caucasian per group) who had at least 60 moderate-to-severe hot flushes per week at baseline. At baseline, mean hot flushes is 13 per day, mean serum estradiol is 11.2-13.2 pg/mL, and prior hormone/estrogen therapy is 75.7-84.5 percent. Participants applied placebo, 1.7 g (1.04 mg estradiol), or 2.6 g (1.56 mg estradiol) once daily to the upper arm. The study was amended to identify the lowest effective dose of ELESTRIN and limit the number of women exposed to the 2.6 g dose. After the study amendment, ELESTRIN 0.87 g (0.52 mg estradiol) was added and the 2.6 g was discontinued from further enrollment. Reduction in both the frequency and severity of moderate to severe hot flushes was statistically significant for the ELESTRIN 1.7 g per day dose compared to placebo at week 4. Statistically significant reductions in both the frequency and severity of moderate to severe hot flushes when compared to placebo were delayed for the ELESTRIN 0.87 g per day dose to week 5. Both the 0.87 g per day and 1.7 g per day doses were statistically significant compared to placebo at week 12. Statistically significant reductions in the frequency and severity of daily moderate-to-severe hot flush rate compared to placebo were noted beginning at week 3 for the 1.7 g per day ELESTRIN treatment (data on file). The reductions in frequency and severity are shown in Table 3.
BACKGROUND: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a cutting-edge technique that employs non-thermal energy to cause cell death by inducing irreversible electroporation of cell membranes. This systematic review evaluates the PFA effectiveness as a potential alternative to radiofrequency and cryo-ablation for treating ventricular tachycardia.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched using keywords related to ventricular tachycardia and pulsed-field ablation. Eligible Studies evaluating this therapeutic approach for ventricular tachycardia were included in the final analysis.
RESULTS: We included six studies (five case reports and one case series) in our systematic review. Eight (88.8%) of procedures were successful with 100% long-term efficacy. No procedural complications or ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence were observed in the cases.
CONCLUSION: The absence of complications, high effectiveness, and long-term success rate make PFAs a good VT treatment option. However, PFA safety and efficacy studies for VT treatment are scarce. Thus, larger investigations on this topic are urgently needed.
Compounds, systems, and methods are provided for the design and assembly of a non-invasive, analyte sensing dressing that includes a sensor and a matrix. The sensor is capable of detecting analytes such as molecular oxygen. The matrix is at least partially permeable to the analyte. In one version of the dressing, the sensor includes a meso-unsubstituted metallated porphyrin that is sensitive towards oxygen. The metallated porphyrin can be excited when illuminated at a first wavelength, followed by emission of phosphorescence at a second wavelength whose intensity can be used as an indicator for oxygen concentration. The metallated porphyrin can be prepared from a phosphorescent meso-unsubstituted porphyrin having the Formula (I):wherein M is a metal, wherein each R is independently an atom or a group of atoms, and wherein at least one R is —O(C)OR′, wherein R′ is optionally substituted alkyl.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled extract, easily and efficiently in a short time, by putting the bark of Melia azadirachta and water in a tube of dialysis membrane, carrying out the hot-water extraction and dialysis simultaneously, removing the extraction residue, and separating the active component from the filtrate. CONSTITUTION:The chips of the bark of Melia azadirachta are put into a tube of a dialysis membrane together with water, the tube is immersed in water, and the water is heated and boiled. The heating may be carried out in a boiling water bath or on a direct fire. The dialysis membrane tube is the one having a fractionation molecular weight of <=50,000. The hot-water extraction and the dialysis can be carried out simultaneously by the above process. The extraction residue is removed from the mixture in the tube by filtration, and the extract of Melia azadirachta bark is separated from the filtrate by conventional process such as evaporation to dryness, freeze-drying, etc. EFFECT:The extraction of the active component from the bark and the removal of the impurities from the extract liquid can be carried out at the same time, and the purification time can be shortened remarkably.
OBJECTIVE: Worsening of sleep quality during menopause is well recognized. However, the underlying hormonal regulation is insufficiently described. In this study, we evaluated associations between sleep and cortisol levels.
STUDY DESIGN: Seventeen perimenopausal and 18 postmenopausal women were enrolled in a three-night sleep study. Diurnal blood sampling was performed during the third night and the following day.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported insomnia and sleepiness were evaluated with the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire and sleep architecture with all-night polysomnography. Diurnal cortisol samples were collected at 20-min intervals. Correlation analyses and generalized linear models adjusted by age, body mass index, vasomotor symptoms and depressive symptoms were conducted.
RESULTS: In correlation analyses, self-reported insomnia and sleepiness were not associated with cortisol levels. Lower sleep efficiency, slow-wave sleep and stage 1 percentages, number of slow-wave sleep and of rapid-eye-movement (REM) periods, longer slow-wave sleep latency and higher wake after sleep onset percentage were associated with higher cortisol levels (all p < 0.05). Further, lower slow-wave sleep percentage and longer slow-wave sleep latency correlated with steeper daytime cortisol slope (i.e. day cortisol decrease, both p < 0.05). In adjusted generalized linear models, lower sleep efficiency and number of rapid-eye-movement periods as well as higher wake after sleep onset percentage correlated with higher cortisol levels; lower slow-wave sleep percentage correlated with higher cortisol awakening response.
CONCLUSIONS: Worse sleep architecture but not worse self-reported insomnia and sleepiness was associated with higher cortisol levels. This is important for understanding sleep in women, especially during the menopausal period.
OBJECTIVES: Patients with chronic cough are some of the most challenging to treat. This preliminary study is the first to examine the effects of a single exercise muscle strength training program to reduce cough severity in patients who failed other treatments.
METHODS: A total of 19 females were included in this study, ranging from age 24 to 80. The maximum phonation time (MPT), laryngeal airway resistance (LAR), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Voice Handicap Index-10, (VHI-10) and the Cough Severity Index (CSI) values were obtained pre- and post-treatment. ANOVA two-factor without replication was used to compare values pre- and post-treatment.
RESULTS: MIP (Mean of 62.00 to a mean of 78.53) and MEP (Mean of 90.00 to a mean of 112.16) showed significant increase post-treatment. In addition, LAR (Mean of 73.30 to a mean of 60.67) and CSI (Mean of 19.37 to a mean of 15.00) significantly decreased post-treatment. General changes in pre- and post-treatment values were identified with MPT (Mean of 14.89 to a mean of 16.17) and VHI-10 (Mean of 8.00 to a mean of 6.76). A follow-up questionnaire indicated that the majority of patients felt their cough was better after 4 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS: Muscle strength training provides a tool to aid in the control of cough for patients who are refractory to medical and other behavioral treatments. Improvement in cough may be associated with a reduction in subglottic pressure and increased air flow resulting in lower laryngeal airway resistance.
The invention discloses a compound preparation for treating rheumatic arthritis. The compound preparation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-10% of prednisone acetate, 15-75% of cinnamaldehyde and the balance of pharmaceutical filling adjuvant materials, and the compound preparation for treating the rheumatic arthritis is in the dosage form of dropping pills, tablets or capsules. The compound preparation disclosed by the invention is prepared by combining the cinnamaldehyde, which serves as a main medicinal component in a traditional Chinese medicine, namely cortex cinnamomi, and the prednisone acetate as raw materials. The preparation has functions of resisting inflammation and relieving pain, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, warming channel and expelling cold. Compared with existing anti-rheumatic drugs, the compound preparation, which is the combination of the cinnamaldehyde and the prednisone acetate, not only can reduce the side effects of the prednisone acetate but also can improve a curative effect. The preparation, on treating the rheumatic arthritis, has the characteristics of being significant in curative effect, short in treatment course, not easy for recurrence and the like, and the preparation has the advantages of being simple in preparation process, controllable in quality, convenient to take and carry and the like; and a finished product (the compound preparation) is good in market development prospect.
Phase A: Open, monocentric safety, dose-finding study: The hNSCs will be produced by the UPTA (Unità Produttiva per Terapie Avanzate) of "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" according to GMP guidelines and injected using an Ommaya reservoir which will be removed immediately after the transplant procedure. The reservoir consists of an indwelling ventricular catheter with a dome-shaped collapsible silicone reservoir port positioned under the scalp. The distal end of the catheter is surgically positioned into the ipsilateral ventricle and connected to the reservoir. Six patients affected by ALS will be consecutively enrolled after pre- and screening visits. Thereafter, the first three patients will receive 20 million of hNSCs. If none of the three patients will present a serious adverse event classified as related to the study treatment, the dose level will be escalated up to 40 million of hNSCs for the next and last cohort of three patients. An Independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will oversee the safety of the Study Subjects on an ongoing basis, will review all safety data and issue a final recommendation at the end of this phase. Phase B: randomized, controlled vs placebo, in three arms, with two different doses of 20 and 40 \*10\^6 cells transplanted using an Ommaya reservoir. The reservoir will be placed to all recruited patients in a first surgical session, after randomization half of the subjects will receive the drug product (further randomized for doses) and half the placebo. After three months, patients that already received cells will also be infused with placebo while the others will be randomized and transplanted with one of the two cell doses previously mentioned. This secondary randomization will be performed to provide experimental treatment to all patients and is not intended as a second stage of a cross-over study. In the second surgical session the Ommaya reservoir will be removed and patients will be monitored for 3 months after that.
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid (SARS-CoV-2 mRNA) vaccines are effective in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), their immune response to vaccination is blunted by immunosuppression. Other tools enhancing vaccination response are therefore needed. Interestingly, aligning vaccine administration with circadian rhythms (chronovaccination) has been shown to boost immune response. However, its applicability in KTRs, whose circadian rhythms are likely disrupted by immunosuppressants, remains unclear. To assess the impact of vaccination timing on seroconversion in the KTRs population, we analyzed data from 553 virus-naïve KTRs who received 2 doses of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine. Bayesian logistic regression was employed, adjusting for previously identified predictors of seroconversion, including allograft function, maintenance immunosuppressants, or time since transplantation. SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured with a median of 47 days after the second dose. The results did not reveal a reliable effect of timing of the first dose but did indicate that earlier timing for the second dose brings a notable benefit-every 1-hour delay in the application was associated with a 16% reduction in the odds of seroconversion (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71, 0.998). Similar results were obtained from quantile regression modeling IgG levels. In conclusion, morning vaccination is emerging as a promising and easily implementable strategy to enhance vaccine response in KTRs.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) vary in physicochemical properties which makes risk assessment challenging. Mice were pulmonary exposed to 26 well-characterized CNTs using the same experimental design and followed for one day, 28 days or 3 months. This resulted in a unique dataset, which was used to identify physicochemical predictors of pulmonary inflammation and systemic acute phase response. MWCNT diameter and SWCNT specific surface area were predictive of lower and higher neutrophil influx, respectively. Manganese and iron were shown to be predictive of higher neutrophil influx at day 1 post-exposure, whereas nickel content interestingly was predictive of lower neutrophil influx at all three time points and of lowered acute phase response at day 1 and 3 months post-exposure. It was not possible to separate effects of properties such as specific surface area and length in the multiple regression analyses due to co-variation.
PURPOSE: A method for preparing ginseng extract with enhanced ginsenoside is provided to remarkably increase ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenoside Rk1, ginsenoside Rg5, and compound K content and to improve anti-inflammatory effect. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing ginseng extract with enhanced ginsenoside comprises: a step of adding water or ethanol to ginseng and extracting to prepare ginseng extract; a step of adding Lactobacillus sp. and fermenting to prepare a fermentation of the ginseng extract; and a step of heating the fermentation at 100-150 Deg.C. for 60-120 minutes. The ginseng is red ginseng. The Lactobacillus sp. is Lactobacillus brevis BJ20( KCTC 11377BP). A method for preparing the fermentation comprises a step of adding the Lactobacillus sp. at 33-39 deg.C. for 12-96 hours. The minute amount of ginsenosides are ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenoside Rk1, ginsenoside Rg5, and compound K. An anti-inflammatory composition contains the ginseng extract as an active ingredient.
Individuals born between 1989 and 1996. HPV-vaccinated will be compared to non-vaccinated in regards to condyloma status post vaccination.