anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The frequency of adverse effects (particularly elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia) may be dose related. In a clinical trial of valproate as monotherapy in patients with epilepsy, 34/126 patients (27%) receiving approximately 50 mg/kg/day on average, had at least one value of platelets ≤ 75 x 109/L. Approximately half of these patients had treatment discontinued, with return of platelet counts to normal. In the remaining patients, platelet counts normalized with continued treatment. In this study, the probability of thrombocytopenia appeared to increase significantly at total valproate concentrations of ≥ 110 mcg/mL (females) or ≥ 135 mcg/mL (males). The therapeutic benefit which may accompany the higher doses should therefore be weighed against the possibility of a greater incidence of adverse effects. 

Because of reports of thrombocytopenia, inhibition of the secondary phase of platelet aggregation, and abnormal coagulation parameters, (e.g., low fibrinogen), platelet counts and coagulation tests are recommended before initiating therapy and at periodic intervals. It is recommended that patients receiving divalproex sodium extended-release tablets be monitored for platelet count and coagulation parameters prior to planned surgery. Evidence of hemorrhage, bruising, or a disorder of hemostasis/coagulation is an indication for reduction of the dosage or withdrawal of therapy.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide pharmaceutical compositions comprising an adsorbent and an adverse agent such as an opioid antagonist and dosage forms.  <P>SOLUTION: At least a portion of the adverse agent is on the surface or within the micropore structure of an adsorbent material. The pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms comprising the adsorbent and the adverse agent are useful for preventing or discouraging tampering, abuse, misuse or diversion of a dosage form containing an active pharmaceutical agent such as an opioid. The invention also relates to methods for treating a patient with such a dosage form, as well as kits containing such a dosage form with instructions for using the dosage form to treat a patient. The invention further relates to a process for preparing such pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Calcium pyrophosphate suitable for use as a dental abrasive consists of from 10 to 50 per cent beta-phase calcium pyrophosphate, the balance being substantially gamma-phase.  The abrasive has a cleaning grade of at least 6.5, and a dentin abrasion value of not more than 700; both these items are defined in the Specification.  The abrasive is preferably in the form of particles of which at least 80 per cent have diameters varying from 3m  to 20m .  Such calcium pyrophosphate may be prepared by treating calcium orthophosphate dihydrate to 500-700 DEG  C., the heating being such that the temperature rises at an average rate of at least 50 DEG  C./min. and in the range 100-300 DEG  C. at a rate of at least 60 DEG  C./min., and maintaining the calcium pyrophosphate so produced at a temperature of 500-700 DEG  C. until at least 10 per cent but not more than 50 per cent of the pyrophosphate is in the beta phase, the balance being substantially in the gamma phase.  The calcium orthophosphate dihydrate preferably has a median particle size of from 6 to 10m , with substantially no particles below 3m .  The relative amounts of beta and gamma phase present may be determined by infra-red absorption spectrometry. The calcium pyrophosphate of the invention may be used in conventional dentifrice preparation (see Group VI).  Specification 746,550, [Group VI], is referred to.ALSO:Dentrifrices contain an abrasive comprising from 10 to 50 per cent beta phase calcium pyrophosphate, the balance being substantially gamma phase calcium pyrophosphate, said abrasive having a cleaning grade of not less than 6.5 and a dentin abrasion value not exceeding 600.  Preferably the calcium pyrophosphate is in the form of particles at least 80 per cent of which have diameters ranging from 3m  to 20m .  Toothpastes contain thickening materials, such as gum karaya, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, and other natural gums, seaweed derivatives such as Irish moss and alginates, or water-soluble salts of cellulose esters such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl hydroxymethyl cellulose.  Sudsing agents may also be present, such as water-soluble alkyl and alkyl ether sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl groups of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, water-soluble salts of sulphonated monoglycerides of fatty acids having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, salts of fatty acid amides of Taurines such as sodium-N-methyl-N-palmitoyl Tauride, or salts of fatty acid esters of isethionic acid.  Humectents, such as glycerine, sorbitols, and other polyhydric alcohols, may also be added.  Texture may be improved by adding colloidal magnesium aluminium silicate.  Flavouring colouring and sweetening materials may be added.  The abrasive may be the calcium pyrophosphate alone or mixed with other abrasives.  Other substances which may be added to the dentrifrices are sarcosinates, fluorine-containing compounds such as stannous fluoride, quaternary ammonia compounds, chlorophyll, sodium dehydroacetates, sodium lauryl sulphate, tyrothium, pencillin and hexachlorophene.  Specification 746,550 is referred to.
PURPOSE:To obtain an external drug for skin, giving smooth feeling to the skin and having hair-growing effect, by extracting OUBAKU (bark of Phellodendron amurense) with a fatty acid ester, leaving the ester layer at rest under freezing, filtering the layer, and using the obtained OUBAKU component soluble in fatty acid ester as an active component. CONSTITUTION:1pt. of OUBAKU is added with 2pts. of a fatty acid ester having a boiling poing of >=80-100 deg.C, immersed at 80-100 deg.C, and separated into the fatty acid ester layer and residue. The ester layer is left at rest at about -20 deg.C, and filtered to obtain a component soluble in a fatty acid ester and useful as an external drug for skin. The residue is defatted with n-hexane, etc., immersed in 20pts. of a 1:1 mixture of water and propylene glycol, based on 1pt. of the separated residue, at 80-100 deg.C, left at rest at -20 deg.C, filtered, and concentrated to obtain a water-soluble extract useful as an external drug for skin. The fat-soluble component of OUBAKU which has been discarded so far can be used as an external drug for skin.
PURPOSE: After the lifting of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical observation showed an increase in complications of acute otitis, followed by a rise in the number of mastoidectomies performed. The aim of this study was to record the number of mastoidectomies performed before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic as an indicator for complications of acute otitis media.
METHODS: Data were collected from a tertiary hospital in a university setting, as well as from four major public health insurance companies in Germany. The data of 24,824,763 German citizens during a period from 2014 until 2023 were analyzed.
RESULTS: According to the data, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of mastoidectomies performed dropped by 54% for children aged 0-6 and by 62% for children aged 7-18. For adults, there were 30% fewer mastoidectomies performed between 2020 and 2022. After the lifting of most NPI's in the season from July 2022 to June 2023, there was a sharp increase in the number of mastoidectomies performed on patients of all ages.
CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in the number of mastoidectomies performed was seen, suggesting a lower incidence of complicated acute otitis, most likely linked to the general decrease of upper airway infections due to NPI's. In contrast, a sharp increase in the incidence of complicated otitis occurred after the hygiene measures were lifted. The current development causes a more frequent performance of mastoidectomies, thus entailing a change in the challenges for everyday clinical practice.
A randomized, double-blinded, positive drug and placebo-controlled, multiple ascending dose (MAD) study in healthy male and female subjects. Subjects will receive QHRD106 by intramuscular-injection (im).
Ischemic stroke is a devastating medical condition with poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment modalities. Transplantation of human neural stem cells or primary neural cells is a promising treatment approach, but this is hindered by limited suitable cell sources and low in vitro expansion capacity. This study aimed (1) use small molecules (SM) to reprogram gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) commitment to the neural lineage cells in vitro, and (2) use hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells to treat ischemic stroke in vivo. Neural induction was carried out with a SM cocktail-based one-step culture protocol over a period of 24 h. The induced cells were analyzed for expression of neural markers with immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 100) were subjected to the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion ischemic stroke model. Then, after 8 days post-MCAO, the modeled rats were randomly assigned to six study groups (n = 12 per group): (1) GMSCs, (2) GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells, (3) HA and GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells, (4) HA, (5) PBS, and (6) sham transplantation control, and received their respective transplantation. Evaluation of post-stroke recovery were performed by behavioral tests and histological assessments. The morphologically altered nature of neural lineages has been observed of the GMSCs treated with SMs compared to the untreated controls. As shown by the qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, SMs further significantly enhanced the expression level of neural markers of GMSCs as compared with the untreated controls (all p < 0.05). Intracerebral injection of self-assembling HA hydrogel carrying GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells promoted the recovery of neural function and reduced ischemic damage in rats with ischemic stroke, as demonstrated by histological examination and behavioral assessments (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, the SM cocktail significantly enhanced the differentiation of GMSCs into neural lineage cells. The HA hydrogel was found to facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells. Furthermore, HA hydrogel seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells could promote tissue repair and functional recovery in rats with ischemic stroke and may be a promising alternative treatment modality for stroke.
During this single session, participants will walk on a treadmill at a moderate-vigorous intensity (65-75% age-predicted HRmax) for 20 minutes. While walking on the treadmill, participants will also watch a 20-minute video clip to match the control condition. Exercise intensity will be continuously monitored using a Polar OH1 heart rate monitor, which will be strapped to the participant's chest prior to starting the exercise session. Age-predicted HRmax will be calculated for each participant using the following formula: (HRmax = 220 - Age). Subjective units of distress related to their perceived exercise intensity will be measured in 3-minute intervals. Following the exercise session, participants will rest until their heart rate returns to within 10% of their resting heart rate (approximately 5 minutes) before starting the post-assessments.
Advancements in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT) procedures have improved patient outcomes over the last two decades, though invasive fungal infections (IFIs) remain a significant risk. The incidence of IFIs in alloHSCT recipients is estimated at 6%, with a mortality rate of 13%, and Aspergillus species are the most common pathogens involved. Posaconazole is effective in preventing IFIs post-transplant and is standard care during neutropenia or when managing graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) with high-dose steroids. However, azole prophylaxis may cause resistant Aspergillus species like A. calidoustus, which are difficult to treat. We report a case from our institution where a patient developed a dual infection with Aspergillus calidoustus and Talaromyces columbinus after alloHSCT and posaconazole prophylaxis. While A. calidoustus is known to cause IFIs in HSCT recipients, T. columbinus represents a previously unreported occurrence in medical literature. This case underscores the importance of a multifaceted diagnostic strategy, integrating BAL diagnosis, mycological cultures, direct microscopy, fungal speciation, susceptibility testing, and biomarkers. These comprehensive approaches are indispensable for accurate pathogen identification and effective management of IFIs with appropriate antifungal agents.
OBJECTIVE: To predict preoperative inguinal lymph node metastasis in vulvar cancer patients using a machine learning model based on imaging features and clinical data from pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS: 52 vulvar cancer patients were divided into a training set (n=37) and validation set (n=15). Clinical data and MRI images were collected, and regions of interest were delineated by experienced radiologists. A total of 1688 quantitative imaging features were extracted using the Radcloud platform. Dimensionality reduction and feature selection were applied, resulting in a radiomics signature. Clinical characteristics were screened, and a combined model integrating the radiomics signature and significant clinical features was constructed using logistic regression. Four machine learning classifiers (K nearest neighbor, random forest, adaptive boosting, and latent dirichlet allocation) were trained and validated. Model performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC), as well as decision curve analysis.
RESULTS: The radiomics score significantly differentiated between lymph node metastasis positive and negative patients in both the training and validation sets. The combined model demonstrated excellent discrimination, with AUC values of 0.941 and 0.933 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis confirmed the model's high predictive accuracy and clinical utility. Among the machine learning classifiers, latent dirichlet allocation and random forest models achieved AUC values >0.7 in the validation set. Integrating all four classifiers resulted in a total model with an AUC of 0.717 in the validation set.
CONCLUSION: Radiomics combined with artificial intelligence can provide a new method for prediction of inguinal lymph node metastasis of vulvar cancer before surgery.
Experimental approaches with significantly greater spatial and temporal resolution are necessary to directly resolve, both local- and population- level, the contrastive encoding of speech sounds. This study proposes an innovative methodological approach using customized intracranial high-density electrode arrays to record neural activity directly from nonprimary auditory cortex in patients undergoing clinical neurosurgical procedures (acute intraoperative and chronic extraoperative). This approach overcomes obstacles in traditional neuroimaging by offering high signal-to-noise recordings, unprecedented detailed spatiotemporal resolution, and a large number of simultaneously recorded cortical sites in awake, behaving subjects. The research study team will leverage the diversity of languages spoken by patients that are treated at the large volume epilepsy and tumor brain mapping programs at the University of California, San Francisco. They will examine cortical responses to speech stimuli (natural speech corpora and control tokens) in Spanish, Mandarin, and English speakers (monolingual and bilingual). They will also focus on encoding models in three fundamental domains of acoustic-phonetic cues that are present in all languages: pitch, formants, and amplitude envelope. The aims of this study seeks to determine how pitch cues encode lexical tone processing in Mandarin (Aim 1), the cortical representation of vowels in Spanish and English (Aim 2), and the encoding of the speech amplitude envelope in Spanish and English (Aim 3). Together, these aims will elucidate mechanistic principles of speech encoding in the human auditory cortex to understand what is shared and different across human spoken languages. Abnormalities in these fundamental processes have been implicated in a host of communication disorders such as dyslexia, developmental language disorder, central hearing loss, and aphasia. These results should heavily impact current theories of speech processing and, therefore, will have significant implications for understanding and remediating human disorders across different languages.
The present invention relates to a preparing technology for a tripterygium wilfordii extract and a beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound thereof. Firstly, the root, the root bark, the stems, the leaves or the other parts of the tripterygium wilfordii are extracted by water, and then, water extraction liquid is extracted by trichloromethane. After the trichloromethane is recovered, the tripterygium wilfordii extract is obtained. Subsequently, the extract is prepared into an ethanol solution (solution A), and the beta-cyclodextrin is prepared into a water solution (solution B). The solution A is added into the hot solution B under a stirring condition. After the solution A and the solution B are treated by thermal insulation, stirring and cooling, the beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound of the tripterygium wilfordii extract is separated. The beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound has obvious therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis, chronic nephrosis, lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, etc., and has small toxic side effects.
Each alfuzosin hydrochloride extended-release tablet, USP contains 10 mg alfuzosin hydrochloride, USP as the active ingredient. Alfuzosin hydrochloride is a white to almost white powder that melts at approximately 240°C. It is freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and practically insoluble in dichloromethane. 

Alfuzosin hydrochloride is (R,S)-N-[3-[(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl) methylamino]propyl]tetrahydro-2-furancarboxamide hydrochloride. The molecular formula of alfuzosin hydrochloride is C19H27N5O4•HCl. The molecular weight of alfuzosin hydrochloride is 425.9. Its structural formula is: 

The tablet also contains the following inactive ingredients: hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, povidone, colloidal silicon dioxide and magnesium stearate. 

Meets USP Dissolution test 4.
UNLABELLED: To evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) in conjunction with an aerobic exercise program (AEP) on the level of pain and quality of life of women with fibromyalgia (FM).
METHODS: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial in which 51 participants with FM were allocated into 4 groups: control group (CG) (n = 12); active PBM group (APG) (n = 12); AEP and placebo PBM group (EPPG) (n = 13); AEP and active PBM group (EAPG) (n = 14). AEP was performed on an ergometric bicycle; and a PBM (with an increase dosage regime) [20 J, 32 J and 40 J] was applied using a cluster device. Both interventions were performed twice a week for 12 weeks. A mixed generalized model analysis was performed, evaluating the time (initial and final) and group (EAPG, EPPG, APG and CG) interaction. All analyses were based on intent-to-treat for a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS: The intra-group analysis demonstrated that all treated groups presented a significant improvement in the level of pain and quality of life comparing the initial and final evaluation (p < 0.05). Values for SF-36 and 6-minute walk test increased significant in intragroup analysis for EPPG comparing the initial and final evaluation. No intergroup differences were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Both exercised and PBM irradiated volunteers present improvements in the variables analyzed. However, further studies should be performed, with other PBM parameters to determine the best regime of irradiation to optimize the positive effects of physical exercises in FM patients.
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) encompasses a range of malignancies including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinomas, as well as gallbladder cancer. While relatively rare in many high-income countries, it poses a significant health challenge in certain regions, with a rising incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma globally. Despite recent therapeutic advancements, BTC remains an aggressive disease with a grim prognosis, characterized by a median overall survival of less than one year and a 5-year survival rate below 5%. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of plasma tumor mitochondrial mutations as a biomarker for MRD assessment and recurrence monitoring in patients with resectable BTC. The study hypothesizes that the presence and dynamics of tumor mitochondrial mutations in plasma are associated with the risk of recurrence and overall survival in BTC patients. This is a prospective, observational, single-center study conducted by the Chinese Cooperative Group of Liver Cancer (CCGLC) under the auspices of the Chinese Chapter of International Hepato-Pancreato Biliary Association. The study will involve the collection and analysis of plasma samples from patients with BTC to detect ct-mtDNA mutations before and after surgery. The primary clinical endpoint is the impact of MRD status on progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include the influence of surgery on MRD markers, the correlation between postoperative residual tumor molecular burden and PFS, and the ability of MRD detection to predict recurrence earlier than traditional tumor markers or imaging methods.This study seeks to contribute to the field of BTC management by providing a more precise and personalized approach to postoperative MRD assessment and recurrence monitoring. The findings have the potential to improve long-term treatment outcomes and quality of life for patients with BTC.
Participants with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) will receive JNJ-64619178 at a dose less than or equal to the RP2D selected in Part 1 for 24 weeks, or longer if there is evidence of clinical benefit. The dose level of JNJ-64619178 may be adjusted based on observed toxicities.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with preparing capsulated material as substance of measles virus, its dispersing in water-soluble charged polyelectrolyte, obtaining coacervate to develop capsular membranes, introduction of hardener and drying of ready-to-use capsules. Hardener is introduced into charged polyelectrolyte simultaneously with substance of measles virus up to final concentration of polyelectrolyte and hardener which causes no phase division of preparation solution; microcapsules are obtained as a result of coacervation process of charged polyelectrolyte and hardener by developing the complex due to freezing the solution at 0.1-3.0 C/min rate up to the temperature being below vitrification of amorphous phase left after ice crystallization, and drying process of microcapsules is carried out by lyophilization. Before freezing, liquid semifinished product should be poured into vials, and after freeze drying vials should be filled in with inert gas and sealed up. EFFECT: increased number of efficient medicinal preparations against measles. 5 cl, 4 dwg, 11 ex, 2 tbl