anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Among the greatest public health concerns today is the rapid rise in obesity in the pediatric population, which now exceeds 18% in children (6-11 y) and 17% in adolescents (12-19 y), while obesity among young adults (20-39 y) approaches 30%. Though much has been learned regarding the regulation of body weight and the development of adiposity, the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, demonstrating that even today the factors that predict healthy weight maintenance remain poorly understood. In fact, the transition from overweight adolescent to obese adult is almost inevitable, with the probability of obesity in adulthood exceeding 50% among children \>13 years of age whose BMI percentiles meet or exceed the 95th percentile for age and gender. But what if we could deter the expected transition from overweight adolescent to obese adult and intervene on a young person at a critical time when he/she is beginning to feel empowered by independence? This is the essence of the Training Interventions and Genetics of Exercise Response (TIGER) Study. The TIGER Study began in 2003 with the goal of identifying genetic factors that influence physiologic response to exercise training, while introducing sedentary college age individuals to regular exercise. Subjects in the TIGER Study currently underwent 30 weeks (2 semesters) of exercise training, 3 days per week for 40 minutes at 65-85% of age-predicted maximum heart rate. More than 80% of subjects lost weight or maintained their weight within 2 kg, and only 18% of subjects gained more than 2 kg. We have identified preliminary associations between gene variation and exercise dropout in the first phase of the study, and in phase 2 of the TIGER study, we will build on these observations. We will focus on three primary areas of investigation: 1) formal evaluation of the TIGER Study intervention protocol to achieve long-term change in the participants; 2) investigation of gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue as a strategy for identifying genes related to exercise response; and 3) investigation of the association between genetic variation and exercise adherence. Subjects will undergo 35 weeks of exercise training based on the established TIGER protocol, and subjects will be re-contacted 6, 12, and 24 months following completion of the study protocol and questioned regarding current exercise habits and body weight. In addition, genetic analysis of candidate genes related to exercise behavior and neural signaling will be undertaken in order to identify genetic factors that may influence exercise adherence. Finally, patterns of gene expression in subcutaneous adipose, skeletal muscle, and peripheral leukocytes will be analyzed at baseline and following exercise training in order to identify factors that influence physiologic change consequent to exercise training. Results from this study are designed to enlighten our current understanding of how and why individuals respond and/or persist in exercise, with the ultimate goal of formulating better and more efficacious interventions for obesity.
A method of producing an active composition comprising selecting a fermentation broth comprising a filamentous fungus and removing water from the broth to produce a solid product, wherein the solid product is an active composition. The filamentous fungus may comprise a Fusarium species, such as Fusarium venenatum A3/5 (strain number IMI 145425 ATCC PTA 2684). The solid product may be a dry, dehydrated or anhydrous product with less than 15 wt.% water. The solid product may include at least 35 wt.% protein, 10 wt.% dietary fibre, and 8 wt.% fat. Also claimed is the active composition per se comprising a solid product which is a fermentation broth comprising a filamentous fungus, wherein the amount of water in the broth has been reduced to less than 10 wt.%. The solid product may comprise more native proteins than non-native proteins and at least 3 wt.% RNA. Also claimed is a method of producing an emulsion, increasing the viscosity, increasing the foaming, and/or increasing gelation in a material by contacting the material with the active composition, and the use of the active composition therefor. The material may be a food or non-food. The composition may be used as a vegan rheology modifier.
The present invention discloses a new method for preparing ageratum Qi purifying capsules, which is composed of a process of single medicine treatment, processes of mixed treatment of mixed medicines, thick paste concentration, and powder medicine drying and grinding and a process of supplementary medicine mixing, auxiliary materials adding and capsulizing. The present invention is characterized in that the single medicine treatment process comprises: respectively extracting liquid medicine from officinal magnolia bark, dahurian angelica, largehead atractylodes rhizome and tuckahoe; extracting volatile oil from cablin patchouli herb, perilla leaf, dried tangerine peel and ginger; decocting dregs of decoction extracted from radix glycyrrhiza, areca peel, platycodon root, Chinese date, cablin patchouli herb, etc. and extracting liquid medicine; pulverizing processed pinellia tuber into powder or decocting processed pinellia tuber. The mixed treatment of mixed medicines comprises: mixing the liquid medicine of officinal magnolia bark, dahurian angelica and largehead atractylodes rhizome; mixing the liquid medicine of radix glycyrrhiza, cablin patchouli herb, etc.; separating and purifying the liquid medicines through a macroporous adsorptive resin column; mixing and concentrating the eluent and decocted tuckahoe liquid into a thick paste; drying and pulverizing the thick paste into medicine powder. The present invention has the advantages of eliminating residual pesticide and heavy metal impurity and raising the purity of medicines.
Atorvastatin calcium is a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early and rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis.

The drug substance used in atorvastatin calcium tablets is atorvastatin calcium in the form of propylene glycol solvate. The chemical name for atorvastatin calcium propylene glycol solvate is calcium bis((3R,5R)-7-[3-(anilinocarbonyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-isopropyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoate) propylene glycol solvate. The empirical formula of atorvastatin calcium propylene glycol solvate is C66H68CaF2N4O10 * C3H8O2 and its molecular weight is 1231.46. Its structural formula is:

Atorvastatin calcium is a white to off-white solid that is insoluble in aqueous solutions of pH 4 and below. Atorvastatin calcium is slightly soluble in distilled water, pH 7.4 phosphate buffer, and acetonitrile; slightly soluble in ethanol; and freely soluble in methanol.

Atorvastatin calcium tablets for oral administration contain 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg atorvastatin and the following inactive ingredients: calcium acetate, croscarmellose sodium, sodium carbonate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate (vegetable source), colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide.
Intervention aimed at conveying a supervised combined moderate aerobic and resistance training, once a week with a duration of 40-60 minutes plus daily home exercise, personalized according to patients' age and functional status. Dietary intervention aimed at a one-on-one nutritional counseling. In the first visit a dietary plan is designed and one daily oral nutritional supplement (Fortimel Compact®, Nutricia) is given to meet the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) recommended intake.
BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The intercellular communication in post-infarction angiogenesis remains unclear.
METHODS: In this study, we explored the role and mechanism of action of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exos) in angiogenesis after MI. M2-exos were harvested and injected intramyocardially at the onset of MI. Two distinct endothelial cells (ECs) were cultured with M2-exos to explore the direct effects on angiogenesis.
RESULTS: We showed that M2-exos improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, and enhanced angiogenesis after MI. Moreover, M2-exos promoted angiogenesis in vitro; the molecules loaded in the vesicles were responsible for its proangiogenic effects. We further validated that higher abundance of miR-132-3p in M2-exos, which recapitulate their functions, was required for the cardioprotective effects exerted by M2-exos. Mechanistically, miR-132-3p carried by M2-exos down-regulate the expression of THBS1 through direct binding to its 3´UTR and the proangiogenic effects of miR-132-3p were largely reversed by THBS1 overexpression.
CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that M2-exos promote angiogenesis after MI by transporting miR-132-3p to ECs, and by binding to THBS1 mRNA directly and negatively regulating its expression. These findings highlight the role of M2-exos in cardiac repair and provide novel mechanistic understanding of intercellular communication in post-infarction angiogenesis.
Subjects who have successfully completed the Screening phase will enter the Randomization and Double-Blind treatment phase of the study. Subjects will take the assigned randomized treatment, MT101-5 at 400 mg, 600 mg or placebo for 12 weeks. MT101-5 and matching placebo are oral tablets that will be taken as six tablets two times a day (b.i.d.) at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after meal in the morning and evening daily during this study.
This protocol consists of 3 separate studies: an 8-week Phase 2b dose-finding induction study, an 8-week dose-confirming Phase 3 induction study, and a 44-week Phase 3 maintenance study. Subjects who respond to induction will enter the maintenance study; those who do not will receive TD-1473 during extended induction. The safety and efficacy data of the Phase 2b study will be analyzed to select the induction and maintenance dose regimens for the confirmatory Phase 3 studies. Participants who have disease relapse or complete the maintenance study may be eligible to enter a separate long-term safety study. Efficacy, pharmacokinetic, biomarkers, and safety will be evaluated in all 3 studies.

240 subjects are planned for the Phase 2b and the planned Primary Completion Date for this portion of the study is JULY 2021. 640 subjects are planned for the Phase 3 portion of the study.
An oral pharmaceutical composition comprising a liposome is provided. The composition can comprise a plurality of liposomes. The liposome can comprise fasudil, alone or in combination with another rho kinase inhibitors, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a prodrug thereof, a substituted derivative thereof, or a metabolite thereof, or any combination thereof. The liposome can comprise a phospholipid and cholesterol. The oral pharmaceutical composition can be formulated as any desired dosage form or combination of dosage forms. The liposome can comprise a coating. A method is provided that can comprise administering to a patient a liposomal composition in an amount sufficient to treat the neurogenerative disease or a symptom thereof. Methods of forming fasudil-containing liposomes formulated for oral administration are also provided, for example, coated liposomes.
The present invention centers around the treatment of peripheral neuropathy by administering to a symptomatic patient, especially one suffering pain and/or burning symptoms and especially in the legs or feet, and soles of the feet, a combination of two medications, a substituted phenothiazine, and a tricyclic antidepressant. The substituted phenothiazine potentiates the activity of, or acts synergistically with the tricyclic antidepressant, to provide relief that is otherwise not obtainable with one medication alone at reasonable dosage levels. The particular antidepressant may be imipramine (or analog thereof) and may be selected from the group consisting of the following well-known antidepressants: desipramine, imipramine, imipramine N-oxide, tripripramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, protriptyline, and their pharmaceutically acceptable free forms, and acid addition salts and esters thereof. The second compound of the regimen is a substituted phenothiazine. Those preferred for use in the invention are selected from the group consisting of the following: chlorpromazine hydrochloride, mesoridazine besylate, thioridazine hydrochloride, acetophenazine maleate, fluphenazine, fluphenazine hydrochloride, fluphenazine enanthate, fluphenazine decanoate, perphenazine, trifluoperazine hydrochloride, and their pharmaceutically acceptable free forms, and acid addition salts and esters thereof. Most preferred is fluphenazine hydrochloride. The most preferred combination of antidepressant and substituted phenothiazine for use is desipramine hydrochloride with fluphenazine hydrochloride. The substituted phenothiazine may be taken alone, i.e. not in combination with the antidepressant. For fluphenazine, a dosage level higher than the amount used in the combination may be required depending on the severity of the neuropathy.
Actilyse (tPA) will be administered as a 2-hour bolus then low dose infusion over 24 hours (safety and dose-finding stage) and 72 hours (randomised stage). Regular monitoring of the coagulation status and lysis time using VET will enable increases or decreases/cessation of the dose. Prophylactic low molecular weight heparin will continue throughout.
Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) is a procedure whereby ischaemia is induced to a limb for short periods of time by inflating pressure cuffs around arms to above systolic pressures (mmHg). This procedure induce neurohormonal, systemic or vascular changes in the body. Such changes often result in improved collateralisation of blood supply to various areas of the body, as well as improved efficiencies of cellular metabolism. RIC has been shown to improve outcomes in patients with heart attacks, strokes, but is not investigated for PD. We argue that RIC may exert neuroprotective effect on PD due to its multiple mechanisms. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of RIC on long term outcomes in patients with PD.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is a serious vision-threatening disease. Intravitreal antiviral drug delivery was used as first-line treatment in several studies when systematic injection has been ruled out. The reported dose of intravitreal injections of ganciclovir (IVG) varied from 200 μg/0.1 ml to 5mg/0.1 ml in patients with AIDS. There was no consensus on the dose of ganciclovir in the treatment of CMVR in HIV-negative patients. Previous work showed the safety and the efficacy of 1mg IVG. The investigators proposed that a higher dose of ganciclovir (6mg/0.1ml) for the first injection followed by lower dose for maintenance may indicate a better result. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of initial high-dose IVG for CMVR in HIV-negative patients.
Hoarseness is one of the most common presenting complaints in otolaryngology. The differential diagnosis for hoarseness is board, but a large percentage has been attributed to laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). LPR refers to the symptomatic effects of regurgitated gastric contents into the pharynx and larynx.1-3 1,2 Although dual-probe 24 hour pH monitoring is the gold standard in the diagnosis of LPR, it is not always performed due to inconvenience and cost. Patients are commonly treated based on history and physical examination findings alone. The literature on the efficacy of anti-reflux therapy and LPR is controversial. Karkos et al performed a systematic review on the use of empiric treatment of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in patients suspected of having LPR and found no statistically significant difference between patients treated with PPI and those treated with placebo in reference to symptom severity or frequency of presumed reflux events. 2 Commonly patients are started on empiric therapy with anti-reflux medications and lifestyle modifications. Laryngoscopy is performed on all patients presenting with dysphonia. While a variety of findings have been characterized as consistent with reflux a study performed by Hicks et al, found that 86% of normal volunteers had findings consistent with reflux on flexible laryngoscopy.5 This calls into question the sensitivity and specificity of laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of LPR. Park et al performed a study comparing the effectiveness of anti-reflux therapy alone versus a combination of voice therapy with PPI in the treatment of presumed LPR-related dysphonia, and found combination therapy to be superior to anti-reflux therapy alone. 3 Because there are no studies comparing voice therapy directly with anti-reflux therapy, one cannot determine whether the improvements are due to augmentation of anti-reflux therapy with voice therapy, or if voice therapy alone is superior in the treatment of LPR-related dysphonia. There are currently no studies comparing the effectiveness of voice therapy alone, anti-reflux therapy alone, and combination therapy. Patients who present with dysphonia may be over treated with anti-reflux medications. These medications are not without side effects. It is hypothesized that a subset of patients who are thought to have reflux related dysphonia are misusing their voice and can be successfully treated with voice therapy alone. This study will be a prospective, randomized, unblinded but controlled trial. Patients presenting to the Otolaryngology clinic who are diagnosed with LPR-related dysphonia who meet inclusion criteria will be eligible to enroll in the study and will be randomized to one of the three treatment arms. Reflux symptom index (RSI) scores, reflux finding scores (RFS), voice handicap index-10 (VHI-10) scores, and consensus auditory perceptual evaluation-voice (CAPE-V) scores will be compared prior to initiation of therapy as well as at 1, 2, and 3 months following initiation of treatment.
The study goal is to improve music and speech perception for cochlear implant users. The relevant health outcome is their quality of life. This proposal focuses on how well cochlear implant users can learn to use temporal fine structure if provided as a clear and consistent cue for music or voice pitch. Historically, cochlear implants have discarded temporal fine structure and have only transmitted timing information of relatively slow envelope fluctuations. Attempts have been made to restore temporal fine structure into cochlear implant stimulation, but it is unclear whether previous attempts were limited by implementation, lack of experience, or inherently by physiology. The proposed approach is unique in that it examines the perceptual and physiological plasticity that occurs when temporal fine structure is restored. Proposed research is organized into two aims, which examine the relative salience of stimulation place and rate for providing a sense of pitch (Aim 1) and the salience of dynamic-rate stimulation compared to conventional methods (Aim 2). Both aims combine perceptual learning, computer-controlled electrode psychophysics, electrophysiology, and computational neural modeling to characterize the plasticity of pitch perception in cochlear implant users.

Aim 1 examines the perceptual and physiological plasticity associated with place and rate of cochlear implant stimulation. Cochlear implant users hear an increasing pitch associated with increasing stimulation rate, but this effect is difficult to measure above 300 Hz. Most studies of psychophysical sensitivity to cochlear implant stimulation rate have not considered perceptual learning. Preliminary results show that the sense of pitch provided by stimulation rate improves with training. The proposed research examines perceptual sensitivity and physiological encoding throughout a crossover training study with training provided for pitch based on place and rate of stimulation. The primary hypothesis tested is that cochlear implant users have a latent ability to hear pitch associated with stimulation rate, but they require training to learn how to use this new information.

Aim 2 is to determine whether dynamic-rate stimulation provides better sensitivity and better physiological encoding of fundamental frequency compared to conventional stimulation methods based on amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation. In normal physiology, auditory-nerve activity phase locks to the temporal fine structure of sound. Since cochlear implants typically discard this information, it is unknown how well cochlear implant users can learn to use it if provided. Aim 2 focuses on the comparison between dynamic-rate stimulation in which stimulation rate is dynamically adjusted to convey temporal fine structure compared to conventional methods based on amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation. The primary hypothesis is that dynamic-rate stimulation provides better pitch sensitivity and better physiological encoding compared to amplitude modulation of constant-rate stimulation.
DNA damage contributes to the aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we identified a heterogeneous functional role of microcephalin (MCPH1) in the nucleus and cytoplasm of mouse HSCs. In the nucleus, MCPH1 maintains genomic stability, whereas in the cytoplasm, it prevents necroptosis by binding with p-RIPK3. Aging triggers MCPH1 translocation from cytosol to nucleus, reducing its cytoplasmic retention and leading to the activation of necroptosis and deterioration of HSC function. Mechanistically, we found that KAT7-mediated lysine acetylation within the NLS motif of MCPH1 in response to DNA damage facilitates its nuclear translocation. Targeted mutation of these lysines inhibits MCPH1 translocation and, consequently, compromises necroptosis. The dysfunction of necroptosis signaling, in turn, improves the function of aged HSCs. In summary, our findings demonstrate that DNA damage-induced redistribution of MCPH1 promotes HSC aging and could have broader implications for aging and aging-related diseases.
Fifty patients were included for the randomized, prospective, split mouth and single-blind study. Two groups were formed in the study. The lower right and lower left wisdom teeth of the patients with extraction indication for lower impacted wisdom teeth were included in separate groups. In the first group (on one side of the same patients), leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF, 2700rpm,12 min) was obtained after lower impacted wisdom tooth surgery, applied into the socket and sutured. The other tooth of the patient was operated 5 weeks after the operation of the region included in the first group. In the second group (to the other side of the same patient), injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF, 700rpm, 3min) was obtained and 1\*2 cm type 1 collagen plug (ACE RCP(Resorbable Collagen Plug), Resorbable Collagen Plug, Collagen Matrix, Inc. Oakland, New Jersey, USA) was impregnated and applied into the socket as such. It was followed for 4 weeks. Both surgical sites were sutured with 4\\0 silk sutures (18mm, 3\\8 sharp, 75cm black suture). It was determined randomly which material would be used first on which side.
After the evaluation, the intervention group performed oculo-motor exercises for 4 weeks, 6 days a week, morning and evening, twice a day for 10 minutes, in addition to normal ball training. While doing the exercises, individuals were taught to focus on the purpose they held in their hands, move their head, and aim fast enough to see the image clearly. Two repetitions each week were added to the exercise numbers. Ten seconds rest between two sets and five seconds rest between movements.