anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The dietary inflammatory index (DII) serves as a tool to assess the inflammatory impact of an individual's diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between DII and some cardio-metabolic risk indices among patients with T2DM.
METHODS: Data from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study, encompassing 2045 adults with T2DM, were analyzed. DII scores were calculated based on food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were performed to assess cardio-metabolic risk factors.
RESULTS: Higher DII scores were positively associated with elevated triglyceride levels, triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body mass index (BMI), hip, waist circumferences (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (all Ptrend < 0.05). Notably, no significant association was observed between DII and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (Ptrend > 0.05). Additionally, dietary intake analysis revealed a negative correlation between DII scores and intake of fiber, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, seafood, dairy products, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E (all Ptrend < 0.05). Conversely, higher DII scores were associated with increased consumption of red meat, processed meat, refined cereals, potatoes, and soft drinks (all Ptrend < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study underscores the critical link between dietary inflammation, assessed by the DII score, and a multitude of cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM. Notably, while the study did not find a significant association between DII and fasting blood sugar levels, it identified robust associations with novel anthropometric and biochemical indices indicative of cardio-metabolic risk. These findings highlight the potential of dietary interventions as a cornerstone strategy for managing T2DM and mitigating its associated complications.
Celiac disease is a growing global public health concern. This epidemiological study is aimed at determining the prevalence of celiac disease in Kermanshah, Western Iran, from 2019 to 2021, as well as the frequency of gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal manifestations associated with the disease. In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of celiac disease between 2019 and 2021 were reviewed. The average population during the study period was 2,058,545. A researcher-developed checklist was used as the data collection tool, and descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis. During the study period, there were 113 patients diagnosed with celiac disease, with a mean age of 29.1 ± 16.6 years. The three-year prevalence of celiac disease was 5.49 (95% CI: 5.17-5.82) per 100,000 population. Among these patients, 70% (n = 78) was female. The most common gastrointestinal manifestations of the disease were abdominal pain (77.8%), constipation (59.3%), and diarrhea (54.9%). Iron-deficiency anemia (64.6%) and vitamin D3 deficiency (46.1%) were the most common nongastrointestinal manifestations. Growth retardation was observed in 39.0% of patients. This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of celiac disease in Kermanshah compared to global statistics. Given the association of celiac disease with other conditions such as diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome, growth retardation, and iron-deficiency anemia, healthcare providers should consider screening patients for celiac disease. Furthermore, community-based education is crucial in raising awareness about the significance of adhering to a proper diet and reducing wheat consumption.
A method of forming dental products, such as dentures, denture relines, dental crowns, dental bridges and dental restorative materials, temporary crown, temporary bridge, provisional crown or provisional bridge, from two polymerizable paste compositions each having a complimentary component of a free radical catalyst system and a polymerizable acrylic compound. One of these paste compositions includes an oxidizing agent and a stabilizer and the other includes a reducing agent as components of a redox catalyst system for free radical polymerization. These paste compositions are mixed in a static mixer to form a polymerizing paste composition, which is then shaped into a dental prosthesis. A handheld mixing dispenser useful in carrying out this method, includes a static mixing conduit, and two containers enclosing the polymerizable paste compositions. The static mixing conduit encloses a static mixing member. The containers are adapted to be connected in fluid flow communication with the static mixing conduit. In the paste composition which includes the reducing agent a photoinitiator may be preferably included. Each container is sufficiently oxygen permeable to maintain inhibition of polymerization of the polymerizable paste composition therein for at least 12 months at 23°C.
Long-acting glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1r agonists) reduce and inhibit pathological processes that give rise to long-term neurological impairment. A biotinylated and/or lipidated GLP-1r agonist analogs with enhanced enzymatic stability needed for gastrointestinal absorption, improved bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are described. In preferred embodiments, the GLP-1r agonist analogs have the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-35. The compositions are typically administered via oral or parenteral routes. The compositions are particularly suited for treating, alleviating, and/or preventing one or more neurological diseases or disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods of treating a human subject having AD or PD or at risk of AD or PD are provided.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a primary air pollutant recognized worldwide as a serious threat to public health. PM2.5, which has a diameter of less than 2.5 μm, is known to cause various diseases, including cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Studies have shown that the respiratory system is particularly susceptible to PM2.5 as it is the first line of defense against external pollutants. PM2.5 can cause oxidative stress, which is triggered by the catalyzation of biochemical reactions, the activation of oxidases and metabolic enzymes, and mitochondrial dysfunction, all of which can lead to lung injury and aggravate various respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and cancer. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the harmful effects and mechanisms of PM2.5 on the respiratory system by activating several detrimental pathways related to inflammation and cellular damage. However, experimental studies have shown that antioxidative therapy methods can effectively cure PM2.5-induced lung injury. This review aims to clarify how PM2.5 induces oxidative stress and the mechanisms by which it is involved in the aggravation of various lung diseases. Additionally, we have listed antioxidant treatments to protect against PM2.5-induced lung injury.
Coadministration of TRUVADA and didanosine should be undertaken with caution and patients receiving this combination should be monitored closely for didanosine-associated adverse reactions. Didanosine should be discontinued in patients who develop didanosine-associated adverse reactions.

When tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was administered with didanosine the Cmax and AUC of didanosine administered as either the buffered or enteric-coated formulation increased significantly [See Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. The mechanism of this interaction is unknown. Higher didanosine concentrations could potentiate didanosine-associated adverse reactions, including pancreatitis, and neuropathy. Suppression of CD4+ cell counts has been observed in patients receiving tenofovir DF with didanosine 400 mg daily.

In patients weighing greater than 60 kg, the didanosine dose should be reduced to 250 mg when it is coadministered with TRUVADA. Data are not available to recommend a dose adjustment of didanosine for adult or pediatric patients weighing less than 60 kg. When coadministered, TRUVADA and Videx EC may be taken under fasted conditions or with a light meal (less than 400 kcal, 20% fat). Coadministration of didanosine buffered tablet formulation with TRUVADA should be under fasted conditions.
All enrolled subjects will under go a single whole-body Positron emission tomography/x-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) scan and a diagnostic-quality x-ray computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast acquired in the same imaging session; and a single brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan with contrast to be completed in separate imaging session but within 2 weeks of the PET/CT scan. Imaging will take place within 7 months after enrollment.
As myopia is a growing worldwide problem, it is important to better understand the range of possible treatments to slow the progression of myopia. Spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets were shown to be effective in reducing myopia progression and axial length elongation in children in the previous clinical trial (Bao et al. 2022). A dose-dependent effect was demonstrated, with higher lenslet asphericity having greater myopia control efficacy.

This open clinical trial will test the safety and effectiveness of a test lens designed to modify the area and amount of myopic defocus on the retina without compromising vision. The study population includes children in Singapore aged 8 to 13 years (40 subjects) at the time of commencing treatment. Axial length and spherical equivalent refraction will be the primary measure for myopia progression. Visual acuities will also be compared between test lenses and control lenses of the historical control group to determine the quality of vision using test lenses
An implantable programmable medication infusion system comprises an implantable portion (2) having a medication reservoir (10) at below body pressure and isolated at its input from the body in which it is implanted by an antechamber (8) the pressure integrity of which is checked before filling the medication reservoir (10). Safety features include a leak detector (35), inlet and outlet valves (14 and 212) used with flow impeding filters (12 and 218), and a maximum allowable pressure in a pulsatile bellows pump (202) all of which prevent undesired infusion of medication. Medication flow from the pulsatile bellows pump (202) is in response to programming commands from a drug programming system (1) and processed in an electronics section (30) which uses the commands to program memory units (320 and 322) and to request pulses of medication. Hardwired limit controls (324 and 326) prevent excessive dosage requests from reaching the pulsatile bellows pump (202). For patient convenience and safety, the memory units (320 and 322) are programmed with running integral limits. A record of medication dispensing can be communicated to a physician by means of a telemetry transmitter (336) which sends signals by telemetry to the communications head (300) which information is displayed on the drug programming unit (3).
Subjects in the no intervention arm will proceed with their TAVR after a minimum 4 weeks without an exercise intervention. All subjects will undergo serial frailty assessments by a blinded research assistant at baseline, pre-TAVR, and 30-days post-TAVR.
The effects of ROZEREM were evaluated after administering a 16 mg dose or placebo in a crossover design to subjects (n=26) with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. Treatment with ROZEREM 16 mg for one night showed no difference compared with placebo on the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (the primary outcome variable), apnea index, hypopnea index, central apnea index, mixed apnea index, and obstructive apnea index. Treatment with a single dose of ROZEREM does not exacerbate mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. There is no available information on the respiratory effects of multiple doses of ROZEREM in patients with sleep apnea. The effects on exacerbation in patients with mild to moderate sleep apnea cannot be definitively known from this study.

ROZEREM has not been studied in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea; use of ROZEREM is not recommended in such patients.
OBJECTIVE: Oxaliplatin is a platinum-group chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In addition to hematological and gastrointestinal side effects, laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia associated with cold is reported as a rare side effect. In this article, seven cases with pharyngolaryngeal dysesthesia were presented and the diagnosis and treatment planning were reviewed in the light of literature findings.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patient records of cancer patients with laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia were retrospectively analyzed between 2020 and 2023. Demographic characteristics, presenting complaints, vital signs, physical examination, and laboratory tests of the patients diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia were recorded.
RESULTS: Seven patients who had gastrointestinal malignancy and oxaliplatin chemotherapy were diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia. The symptoms most commonly developed due to cold weather. The symptoms of three patients had developed while receiving treatment, while four patients were admitted to emergency service after oxaliplatin infusion. The physical examinations revealed no pathological findings of the allergic reaction at presentation or during follow-up skin. Patients were monitored and nasal oxygen therapy was administered. A 5 mg intravenous infusion was given for anxiety symptoms in three patients. Patients were discharged after 4 hours of follow-up with resolution of all symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia should be kept in mind in patients treated with oxaliplatin and presenting with shortness of breath and a feeling of suffocation after cold exposure.
Patients will be given a one time dose of sugar pill 30 to 90 minutes prior to cardiac catheterization.During the catheterization patients will have specialized catheter placed in the heart that measures pressure and volume simultaneously. The patients will undergo an infusion of dobutamine up to 10 micrograms per kilogram per minute to mimic exercise for up to ten minutes..
Background: Despite medical advancements, Gulf War illness (GWI) treatment remains a major challenge. Gulf war veterans with GWI can experience acute or chronic disorders of diarrhea, nausea, joint pain, muscle pain, general fatigue, sleep problems skin rashes, wheezing, persistent cough, dizziness and headaches. It is estimated 25-32% of the over 700,000 coalition troops deployed report symptoms consistent with GWI, 47% of whom experience gut-related symptoms. Longitudinal studies have shown little to no overall improvement in symptoms over time. Currently there are very limited treatment courses for GWI and even fewer for gut-related symptoms leading to the advisory committee on GWIs call for research leading to effective treatments improving the health of GWVs. Studies have shown that the gut is comprised of diverse bacteria that plays a critical role in the health of an individual. Comprised gut microbiota can lead to serious consequences such as GWI. There is thus a critical need to identify a new treatment that is safe, effective with minimal adverse effect to reduce GWI-associated morbidity. Prebiotics are such an example. Prebiotics are natural fibers derived from carbohydrates and can be beneficial to gut microbiota (good bacterial in the gut). Resistant starches (RS) are dietary fiber prebiotics found naturally in many foods including potatoes, plantains, and legumes. In addition to being highly accessible, RS have been shown to be well tolerated with few adverse reactions. While no studies of RS exist in GWI patients, a meta-analysis of RS in IBD has shown RS to be an effective treatment in both animal and clinical studies where improvements in clinical remission and reduced mucosal damage were found. Furthermore, numerous studies have found RS to reduce inflammation in murine models of colonic inflammation and to modify the intestinal microbiota and associated metabolome in mice and swine.

Objectives: The investigators hypothesize those randomized to the RS prebiotic group will experience a reduction in GWI symptoms following the completion of the trial. The investigators also hypothesize the prebiotic group will have increased concentrations of SCFAs and SCFA-producing bacteria in the gut compared to those in the control group.

Methods: This is a phase II randomized clinical trial in Veterans with GWI experiencing gut symptoms. Subjects will be randomized to either taking a RS prebiotic daily for 4 weeks or to the control group (maintenance of normal diet). Subjects will provide stool and serum samples as well as complete a series of health history and dietary questionnaires.
The carcinogenicity of a 1% clindamycin phosphate gel similar to clindamycin phosphate gel was evaluated by daily application to mice for two years. The daily doses used in this study were approximately 3 and 15 times higher than the human dose of clindamycin phosphate from 5 milliliters of clindamycin phosphate gel, assuming complete absorption and based on a body surface area comparison. No significant increase in tumors was noted in the treated animals.

A 1% clindamycin phosphate gel similar to clindamycin phosphate gel caused a statistically significant shortening of the median time to tumor onset in a study in hairless mice in which tumors were induced by exposure to simulated sunlight.

Genotoxicity tests performed included a rat micronucleus test and an Ames Salmonella reversion test. Both tests were negative.

Reproduction studies in rats using oral doses of clindamycin hydrochloride and clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility.
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are relatively common in young men, making accurate diagnosis and prognosis assessment essential. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), including microRNA-371a-3p (miR-371a-3p), have shown promise as biomarkers for TGCTs. This review discusses the recent advancements in the use of miRNA biomarkers in TGCTs, with a focus on the challenges surrounding the noninvasive detection of teratomas. Circulating miR-371a-3p, which is expressed in undifferentiated TGCTs but not in teratomas, is a promising biomarker for TGCTs. Its detection in serum, plasma, and, potentially, cystic fluid could be useful for TGCT diagnosis, surveillance, and monitoring of therapeutic response. Other miRNAs, such as miR-375-3p and miR-375-5p, have been investigated to differentiate between TGCT subtypes (teratoma, necrosis/fibrosis, and viable tumors), which can aid in treatment decisions. However, a reliable marker for teratoma has yet to be identified. The clinical applications of miRNA biomarkers could spare patients from unnecessary surgeries and allow for more personalized therapeutic approaches. Particularly in patients with residual masses larger than 1 cm following chemotherapy, it is critical to differentiate between viable tumors, teratomas, and necrosis/fibrosis. Teratomas, which mimic somatic tissues, present a challenge in differentiation and require a comprehensive diagnostic approach. The combination of miR-371 and miR-375 shows potential in enhancing diagnostic precision, aiding in distinguishing between teratomas, viable tumors, and necrosis. The implementation of miRNA biomarkers in TGCT care could improve patient outcomes, reduce overtreatment, and facilitate personalized therapeutic strategies. However, a reliable marker for teratoma is still lacking. Future research should focus on the clinical validation and standardization of these biomarkers to fully realize their potential.
Participants in the CBT-E condition will receive a total of 20 CBT-E sessions over 20 weeks. CBT-E treatment will consist of four stages. In particular, CBT aims to inform patients about the importance of self-control, the dangers of some restrictive behaviors such as self-induced vomiting. Moreover, CBT provides strategies to patients in order to monitor their usually dysfunctional behaviors and so increasing their awareness (i.e. food diary method) while reducing the availability of food and encourages activities that are incompatible with overeating. Patients will be trained in problem solving in order to change these feelings, as well as in increasing their self-awareness in order to recognize irrational thoughts about their body weight and shape. Additionally, they will be gradually exposed to foods that they had been avoiding.
Fatal and nonfatal pancreatitis has occurred during therapy with didanosine used alone or in combination regimens in both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients, regardless of degree of immunosuppression. Didanosine should be suspended in patients with signs or symptoms of pancreatitis and discontinued in patients with confirmed pancreatitis. Patients treated with didanosine in combination with stavudine may be at increased risk for pancreatitis.

When treatment with life-sustaining drugs known to cause pancreatic toxicity is required, suspension of didanosine therapy is recommended. In patients with risk factors for pancreatitis, didanosine should be used with extreme caution and only if clearly indicated. Patients with advanced HIV-1 infection, especially the elderly, are at increased risk of pancreatitis and should be followed closely. Patients with renal impairment may be at greater risk for pancreatitis if treated without dose adjustment. The frequency of pancreatitis is dose related [see Adverse Reactions (6)].
BACKGROUND: Mastectomy has been the standard surgical treatment for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). Recently, there has been growing interest in repeat breast-conserving surgery (rBCS) for IBTR among breast surgeons; however, there is currently little information regarding patient preferences for surgical procedure for IBTR. The purpose of this study was to evaluate preference for surgical procedure (mastectomy vs. rBCS) among breast cancer patients who had undergone salvage surgery for IBTR.
METHODS: Overall, 100 breast cancer patients who had undergone salvage surgery for IBTR were asked about their preferred surgical methods for IBTR and the reason. The association of patient preference and the reasons related to various clinical and pathological factors were assessed.
RESULTS: Of the 100 respondents, only 11 patients (11%) preferred rBCS. Patients who had undergone rBCS and radiotherapy for IBTR were significantly more likely to prefer to undergo rBCS than other groups (p = 0.030). The most frequent reason for choosing rBCS was the patient's desire to minimize breast deformity and surgical wounds.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that there is a low rate of patients who opt to undergo rBCS among patients who had undergone salvage surgery for IBTR. Discrepancies in perceptions regarding the surgical procedure for IBTR between patients and their surgeons may exist.