anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of acquired blindness in diabetic patients. Tropisetron (TRO) exerts potent therapeutic effects against diabetic tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of TRO on retinal injury under diabetic condition. Human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 was treated with high glucose (HG) for 48 h to mimic hyperglycemia-induced retinal damage and subsequently treated with multiple concentrations of TRO for therapeutic intervention. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were detected to assess cell damage. The production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors was evaluated by corresponding commercial kits. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay. The expression of inflammation-, apoptosis-, and SIRT1/ROCK1-related proteins was examined using western blot analysis. Additionally, ARPE-19 cells were transfected with over-express ROCK1 (Ov-ROCK1) or pretreatment with SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 to perform the rescue experiments. TRO alleviated cell damage in HG-induced ARPE-19 cells through elevating cell viability and reducing LDH release. HG-caused excessive production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, ROS, malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase activity were partly inhibited by TRO treatment. HG-induced cell apoptosis, accompanied with the upregulation of proapoptotic proteins and the downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins, was hindered by TRO treatment. HG led to the loss of SIRT1 and an elevation of ROCK1 in ARPE-19 cells, which was reversed following TRO treatment. Furthermore, pretreatment with EX527 or transfected with Ov-ROCK1 partially abolished the protective role of TRO against inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in HG-challenged ARPE-19 cells. TRO exerted a protective role against HG-caused ARPE-19 cells inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis by regulating SIRT1/ROCK1 axis, suggesting that TRO might be therapeutic agent for alleviating retinal pigment epithelial cell damage in DR.
The present invention relates to a method to synthesize with high yield a colored metal complex of β-diketones and/or polyphenols by mechanochemistry without using aqueous or organic solvents and covers new complexes obtained therefrom. In an embodiment, only the reactants, a metal alkoxide and a β-diketone and/or a polyphenol, are present and react at different molar ratios to form a metal complex in the form of a homogeneous colored material (i.e. powder) with high yield. If curcumin is used, the color of the final metal complex dye depends on several factors such as the curcuminoids, the metal, the type of alkoxide used, the stoichiometric molar ratio of both reactants and the additives used. If titanium alkoxide and any additive is used, a red or violet colored titanium curcumin complex in powder form is produced. The production process of the metal complex in powder form is characterized by facility of scale up. The entire product is ready to be used in several applications. If polyphenols such as ferulic acid, quercetin, ellagic acid or lignin are used instead of curcumin, other colored complexes are obtained using mechanochemistry. In addition, the product comprising metal complexes of β-diketones and/or polyphenols is characterized by green chemistry manufacture. Besides, these metal complexes of β-diketones and/or polyphenols in several formulations are characterized by improved stability under storage conditions and improved sun protection against UV rays for human skin and human hair. The product is ready to be used alone or in combination with other additives or active ingredients in different formulations. The invention also covers the use of these metal β-diketones/polyphenol complexes in food, cosmetics, the pharmaceutical field and in the creativity field, as sunscreen, skin and hair concealer or foundation in powder form or cream, keratinous dye, textile dye, food dye, dye emulsions, miniemulsions, polymer colloids and catalysts. 
     The production process of these novel metal-complex dyes is also characterized by rapid production of colored compounds without using solvents and, thus, ecofriendliness. The process of the production of metal β-diketone and/or polyphenol complexes is characterized by the non-formation of toxic by-products and high yield. 
     In addition, the present invention comprises a hair dyeing molecule or formulation and procedure combining excellent dyeing properties with reduced risk of development cancer or allergies, while being ecological and of the natural origin.
Zithranol-RR contains anthralin, a synthetic compound whose precise mechanism of anti-psoriatic action is not yet fully understood. However, numerous studies have demonstrated anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of anthralin on psoriatic and normal skin. The anti-proliferative effects of anthralin appear to result from both an inhibition of DNA synthesis as well as from its strong reducing properties. Recently, anthralin’s effectiveness as an anti-psoriatic agent has also been in part attributed to its abilities to induce lipid peroxidation and reduce levels of endothelial adhesion molecules which are markedly elevated in psoriatic patients. Unlike retinoids and PUVA, anthralin does not inhibit liver microsomal enzyme activity; consequently, the likelihood of adverse drug interactions is greatly reduced when other agents are administered concomitantly with anthralin.

Since Zithranol-RR’s proprietary microcrystalline delivery system rapidly releases anthralin into psoriatic plaques on contact with skin, Zithranol-RR is especially useful for short contact (5-15 minutes) therapy with anthralin.
The present invention relates to a mask pack using a fine current generating device capable of effectively penetrating nutrients impregnated in a mask sheet into skin through fine current stimulation by forming a conductive layer in a pattern set in the mask sheet, installing an electrode to be connected to the conductive layer, and connecting a device for generating fine current to the electrode to supply the fine current. The mask pack using a fine current generating device comprises: the mask sheet (10); two iron electrodes (20); a device (30); a mask pack composition (40); and a pouch (50). The mask sheet (10) includes the conductive layer (11) coated by printing a conductive material in the set pattern on one surface. The two iron electrodes (20) are connected to the conductive layer (11) in one side of the mask sheet (10) and plate the conductive material on the surfaces. The device (30) includes two magnets (31) on a lower surface to be attached to the electrode (20) and supplies the fine current to the electrode (20) through the magnets (31) by generating the fine current of 40-60 μA during an operation. The mask pack composition (40) is impregnated in the mask sheet (10) and includes the nutrients for skin beauty. The pouch (50) forms a first accommodating space (51) and a second accommodating space (52) by dividing an inside into a wall (53) to separate the mask sheet (10) and the mask pack composition (40) and accommodate the same individually, and forms a separating unit (54) by connecting a first accommodating space (51) and a second accommodating space (52) while separating a part of the wall (53) by external pressure, moving the mask pack composition (40), and impregnating the composition in the mask sheet (10).
INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered the gold standard treatment for kidney stones greater than 20 mm. However, retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) may achieve the same stone-free rate with repeated procedures, and potentially fewer complications. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of PCNL and two-staged RIRS.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science for studies comparing PCNL and RIRS for kidney stones greater than 20mm. The primary outcome is stone-free rate (SFR) of PCNL and RIRS (repeated once if needed). Secondary outcomes were SFR of PCNL versus RIRS (single procedure), operative time, hospital stay, need for auxiliary procedures, and complications. We performed a subgroup analysis for randomized trials, non-randomized trials, and patients with solitary kidney. We performed a trial sequential analysis for the main outcome.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We included 31 articles, with 1987 patients in the PCNL and 1724 patients in RIRS. We confirmed the traditional result that after a single procedure PCNL has a higher SFR. We also found that comparing the SFR of PCNL and RIRS, repeated up to two times if needed, no difference in SFR was observed. Surprisingly, only 26% (CI95 23%-28%) of the patients required a second RIRS. In the trial sequential analysis, the last point of the z-curve was within futility borders. We observed that PCNL has a higher incidence of complications (RR=1.51; CI95 1.24, 1.83; P<0.0001; I2=28%), specifically CD2 (RR=1.82; CI95 1.30, 2.54; P=0.0004; I2=26%) and longer hospital stay (MD 2.57; 2.18, 2.96; P<0.00001; I2-98%). No difference was observed regarding operative time.
CONCLUSIONS: RIRS repeated up to two times is equivalent to PCNL in terms of the SFR and may have the same safety.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain. Among different analgesic strategies, continuous femoral nerve block is reported as an efficient method, reducing opioid consumption and allowing rapid rehabilitation; however, patients may develop a transient neuropathy after surgery, which could have a significant impact on active patients, particularly on athletes who need immediate rehabilitation and who will put their knee to greater use during the postoperative period. This study is designed to compare the incidence of femoral neuropathy in two groups of patients: one with a femoral nerve block, and one with a PCA of morphine (self-iv administration of morphine). All patients will have a clinical neurological exam with a preoperative ENMG in order to rule out a pre-existing neuropathy. Another clinical neurological exam with ENMG will be performed between 4 and 6 weeks and, if pathological, repeated at 6 months, 9 months and 12 months. The operation will be done under general anesthesia for all patients.
This two-part trial is designed to evaluate the clinical significance of the PRO Onc assay when used in patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. The first part of this study will determine the incidence of HER overexpression/activation, as determined by the PRO Onc assay, in patients previously judged to have HER2-negative breast cancer by FISH analysis. Blood specimens will be obtained from patients with HER2-negative breast cancer; CTCs will then be isolated and tested for HER2 overexpression/activation using the PRO Onc Assay. When clinically indicated, fine needle aspiration biopsy will also be obtained and submitted for the PRO Onc Assay. If the incidence of HER2 overexpression/activation, as determined by the PRO Onc Assay, is \>10%, the study will proceed to Part 2. Part 2 of this study will assess the efficacy of HER2-targeted therapy in a group of patients with HER2-negative breast cancer who are identified as having HER2 overexpression/activation by the PRO Onc Assay. Patients will be treated with either trastuzumab or pertuzumab. Patients who progress during the first 8 weeks will have HER2-targeted treatment discontinued and will be removed from study. After 8 weeks, patients who have stable disease will be allowed to add chemotherapy to HER2-targeted therapy. Patients who have an objective response to single-agent, HER2-targeted therapy after 8 weeks will continue single-agent therapy.
The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine dark morning glory seed-white morning glory seed powder for treating pertussis. The traditional Chinese medicine dark morning glory seed-white morning glory seed powder is mainly used for solving the problem that the current drugs for treating pertussis are poor in treatment effect and have side effects. The traditional Chinese medicine dark morning glory seed-white morning glory seed powder is prepared through the steps of weighing 3g of roasted dark morning glory seed, 3g of white morning glory seed, 6g of raw rhubarb and 1.5g of lepidium seeds, and co-grinding into fine powder. The usage and dosage are as follows: the powder is orally taken once in the morning, noon and evening of a day by 6g every time. The traditional Chinese medicine dark morning glory seed-white morning glory seed powder has the aims and advantages that the total effective rate for pertussis treatment is over 95%, and the cure rate is over 80%. The traditional Chinese medicine dark morning glory seed-white morning glory seed powder is free from toxic and side effects.
Perhexiline maleate is an antianginal agent which increases the efficiency of energy production by shifting substrate utilisation from free fatty acids towards glucose. We showed that perhexiline therapy was highly effective in improving exercise capacity, symptoms and cardiac function in patients with systolic heart failure of both ischaemic and non ischaemic aetiology. Perhexiline acts by inhibiting both carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) and CPT-2, which are key enzymes in mitochondrial free fatty acid uptake. This leads to increased myocardial glucose substrate utilization. Further we wish to ascertain whether or not this drug improves cardiac energetics and efficiency by altering substrate utilization. In this proposal we will assess the cardiac function (by cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI), cardiac energetic status (by cardiac Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy MRS), cardiac efficiency (via pressure-volume loops) and substrate utilization (via left and right heart catheterization), following one month of perhexiline therapy or placebo in patients with symptomatic idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy on optimal conventional heart failure medications. An interim analysis is planned after 20 patients.
EEG Biomarkers may be useful for understanding abnormal brain oscillations associated with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders as well as the brain changes that occur when symptoms remit. This study will invite adults with MDD who enroll and are randomized in the Neurolief Sponsored "MOOD" study to undergo collection of EEG data at pre-treatment baseline, again after completing the 8-week blinded treatment phase, and, if eligible/appropriate, again after completing an 8-week open-label treatment phase. EEG will be recorded at rest and during a computer task. This EEG "add-on" study is observational in nature, as it will not manipulate the treatment assignment in the MOOD clinical trial or otherwise impact concurrently ongoing treatments for any condition. Researchers collecting and analyzing EEG data will be blinded to treatment assignment when participants are in the double-blinded treatment phase of the MOOD clinical trial. EEG data will be processed and analyzed to evaluate changes in frontal alpha oscillations associated with 8 weeks of active Relivion®DP stimulation.
One dose (1 capsule) of Virtiva Plus will be consumed twice daily for up to 5 weeks. A single dose contains: 120mg Ginkgo biloba extract (leaf), a minimum of 14.4mg phosphatidylserine, and a minimum of 6mg ginkgo flavonglycosides.
A pharmaceutical composition is provided which includes sorafenib and GW5074. This combination therapy inhibits cancer cell growth via c-Raf-PP2A-DAPK signaling transduction pathway in either an in vitro or pre-clinical animal model for orthotopic spontaneous kidney cancer which simulates clinical symptoms. Formation of the bond between c-Raf and GW5074 leads to conformational change which consequently increases the affinity between sorafenib and c-Raf. Binding with the specific drug target facilitates serine 308 dephosphorylation of DAPK by PP2A and induces necrosis in cancer cells. Serine 308 of DAPK protein may also be used as a biomarker for drug screening. A novel pharmaceutical composition is provided which includes sorafenib and GW5074, a protein complex target consisting of c-Raf and DAPK for drug designing, as well as biomarkers including c-Raf protein, DAPK protein and phosphorylation status of DAPK for drug screening.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a composition for preventing gray hair, comprising a plant extract as an active ingredient and excellent in promoting actions on tyrosinase activities and preventing actions on the gray hair. SOLUTION: This composition comprises an extract of a plant belonging to the genera Salvia, Anemarrhena and Ipomoea as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.005-20wt.%, preferably 0.01-5wt.% expressed in terms of a dry substance. The extraction is carried out by, as necessary, drying the respective plant bodies, then dipping the plant bodies in a solvent (e.g. ethanol) or bringing the plant bodies into contact with a thermally refluxing extracting solvent and subsequently filtering and concentrating the resultant extract. The composition is prepared as a form applicable to the skin or scalp such as a liquid, a milky lotion or an ointment by further suitably blending a usually used additive therewith. The application to, e.g. the scalp is performed in a daily dose of 0.001-100mg active ingredient for an adult.
This single-blinded randomized bilateral left to right controlled comparison clinical trial of 24 weeks duration will compare the efficacy of NB-UVB to t-PUVA. For each patient one hand will be randomly assigned to receive t-PUVA and the other hand will receive NB-UVB. Each hand will receive treatment with either NB-UVB or topical PUVA three times weekly. Treatment will be performed until complete or almost complete clearing of psoriasis/eczema or until 50 exposures (over 16 weeks) have been reached, whichever comes first.
The investigators will enroll participants aged over 55 in the psychiatric outpatient department. The participants will get a one-month caring chatbot and can interact with the chatbot freely.
(1) Background: Bariatric surgery has demonstrated the capacity to improve metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in patients with morbid obesity. In addition, the Mediterranean diet contains anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-fibrotic components, promoting a beneficial effect on MAFLD. This study aimed to assess the improvement of MAFLD, specifically liver steatosis, in morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and following a hypocaloric Mediterranean-like diet. (2) Methods: A prospective observational pilot study of 20 patients undergoing RYGB was conducted. The participants underwent a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study 2 weeks before the surgical act and one year postoperatively to assess the percentage of lipid content (PLC). The adherence to the Mediterranean diet was determined by the KIDMED test 1 year after surgery. (3) Results: Mean baseline PLC was 14.2 ± 9.4%, and one year after surgery, it decreased to 4.0 ± 1.8% (p < 0.001). A total of 12 patients (60%) were within the range of moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet, whereas 8 patients (40%) showed a high adherence. The patients with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet presented significantly lower values of postoperative PLC. (4) Conclusions: Liver steatosis significantly reduces after RYGB. This reduction is further improved when associated with a high adherence to a Mediterranean diet.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those mentioned in Patient Information Leaflets. Do not use montelukast sodium tablets for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give montelukast sodium tablets to other people even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them. Keep montelukast sodium tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children.

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BACKGROUND: Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common among patients with obesity and linked to cardiovascular disease, there is a lack of studies evaluating the effects of reaching remission from OSA after metabolic and bariatric surgery.
STUDY DESIGN: A registry-based nationwide study including patients operated with sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass from 2007 until 2019 in Sweden. Patients who reached remission of OSA were compared with those who did not reach remission and a propensity score-matched control group of patients without OSA at the time of operation. The main outcome was overall mortality, and secondary outcome was major cardiovascular events (MACEs).
RESULTS: In total, 5,892 patients with OSA and 11,552 matched patients without OSA completed a 1-year follow-up and were followed for a median of 6.8 years. Remission of OSA was seen for 4,334 patients (74%). Patients in remission had a lower risk for overall mortality (cumulative incidence 6.0% vs 9.1%; p < 0.001) and MACE (cumulative incidence 3.4% vs 5.8%; p < 0.001) at 10 years after operation compared with those who did not reach remission. The risk was similar to that of the control group without OSA at baseline (cumulative incidence for mortality 6%, p = 0.493, for MACE 3.7%, p = 0.251).
CONCLUSIONS: The remission rate of OSA was high after metabolic and bariatric surgery. This was in turn associated with reduced risk for death and MACE compared with patients who did not achieve remission reaching a similar risk seen among patients without OSA at baseline. A diligent follow-up of patients who do not reach remission remains important.
Auditory-motor and visual-motor networks are often coupled in daily activities, such as when listening to music and dancing; but these networks are known to be highly malleable as a function of sensory input. Thus, congenital deafness may modify neural activities within the connections between the motor, auditory, and visual cortices. Here, we investigated whether the cortical responses of children with cochlear implants (CI) to a simple and repetitive motor task would differ from that of children with typical hearing (TH) and we sought to understand whether this response related to their language development. Participants were 75 school-aged children, including 50 with CI (with varying language abilities) and 25 controls with TH. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record cortical responses over the whole brain, as children squeezed the back triggers of a joystick that vibrated or not with the squeeze. Motor cortex activity was reflected by an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (HbO) and a decrease in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (HbR) in all children, irrespective of their hearing status. Unexpectedly, the visual cortex (supposedly an irrelevant region) was deactivated in this task, particularly for children with CI who had good language skills when compared to those with CI who had language delays. Presence or absence of vibrotactile feedback made no difference in cortical activation. These findings support the potential of fNIRS to examine cognitive functions related to language in children with CI.