anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Identification of individuals at high risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) several years before diagnosis is crucial for developing treatments to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. This study aimed to develop predictive models for PD risk that combine plasma proteins and easily accessible clinical-demographic variables.
METHODS: Using data from the UK Biobank (UKB), which recruited participants across the United Kingdom, we conducted a longitudinal study to identify predictors for incident PD. Participants with baseline plasma proteins and no PD were included. Through machine learning, we narrowed down predictors from a pool of 1,463 plasma proteins and 93 clinical-demographic. These predictors were then externally validated using the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort. To further investigate the temporal trends of predictors, a nested case-control study was conducted within the UKB.
RESULTS: A total of 52,503 participants without PD (median age 58, 54% female) were included. Over a median follow-up duration of 14.0 years, 751 individuals were diagnosed with PD (median age 65, 37% female). Using a forward selection approach, we selected a panel of 22 plasma proteins for optimal prediction. Using an ensemble tree-based Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm, the model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.800 (95% CI 0.785-0.815). The LightGBM prediction model integrating both plasma proteins and clinical-demographic variables demonstrated enhanced predictive accuracy, with an AUC of 0.832 (95% CI 0.815-0.849). Key predictors identified included age, years of education, history of traumatic brain injury, and serum creatinine. The incorporation of 11 plasma proteins (neurofilament light, integrin subunit alpha V, hematopoietic PGD synthase, histamine N-methyltransferase, tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3, ectodysplasin A2 receptor, Latexin, interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-1, BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3, tryptophanyl-TRNA synthetase, and secretogranin-2) augmented the model's predictive accuracy. External validation in the PPMI cohort confirmed the model's reliability, producing an AUC of 0.810 (95% CI 0.740-0.873). Notably, alterations in these predictors were detectable several years before the diagnosis of PD.
DISCUSSION: Our findings support the potential utility of a machine learning-based model integrating clinical-demographic variables with plasma proteins to identify individuals at high risk for PD within the general population. Although these predictors have been validated by PPMI, additional validation in a more diverse population reflective of the general community is essential.
Interactive website with five modules to address safer sex motivation, knowledge, attitudes/norms, self-efficacy, and sexual communication skills. Program takes approximately 30-45 minutes to complete.
Cerebral infarction is a common neurological disease with high rates of morbidity, mortality, and recurrence, posing a great threat to human life and health. Cerebral infarction is the second leading cause of death in the world and the leading cause of long-term disability in humans. The results of the third national retrospective sampling survey on causes of death in 2008 showed that cerebral infarction has become the leading cause of death in China and its mortality rate is 4-5 times that of European and American countries. Therefore, this article proposed a study on the predictive value of Cmmi-MHR combined with thromboelastography parameters that was performed for acute cerebral infarction. This paper mainly proposed a high frame rate imaging technology and analyzed its algorithm. In this article, in the experimental part, an in-depth analysis of the predictive value of the Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) combined with thromboelastography parameters was performed for acute cerebral infarction. The final experimental results showed that HDL (OR = 1.695%, P-trend = 0.049) had a probability of death within 90 days of hospitalization (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 1.06-3.11, P-trend = 0.523). There were no significant differences in mortality rate after 90 days. Regardless of adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, and NIHSS score, there was no significant difference in the risk of MHR or monocyte count within 90 days of hospitalization. The conclusion indicates that the combination of Cmmi-MHR and thromboelastography parameters provides a new perspective and method for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction, and provides important support for personalized treatment and management of cerebral infarction.
This comparison arm will consist of 150 uninfected people in each city whom we screen in the course of testing. The key comparisons here are on two of the central variables: adverse/supportive events and behavior change. This comparison arm will help mitigate social desirability effects that can lead to inaccurate reporting and/or Hawthorne effects and related processes that can lead to behavior changes simply based on the interview. Participants in this arm will be matched on age (within five years), risk group, and gender with an Arm 1 member.
This study aimed to investigate the concurrent infection of Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) type B:2, which causes Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS), with cases of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) outbreaks in cattle in Bangladesh between March and December 2023. Samples were collected from 11 distinct outbreak areas, totaling 102 samples. These included 54 FMD samples (saliva, tissue epithelium, and morbid tissues such as lung, spleen, and heart) and 54 HS samples (nasal swabs and morbid tissues) from 50 cattle of various ages and sexes, all showing clinical signs of suspected concurrent HS and FMD infection. After sample processing, molecular detection of FMDV and its serotypes was performed using Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) with universal and serotype-specific primers. The HS-causing agent, P. multocida type B:2, was initially identified through cultural and morphological characteristics on various media, followed by Gram's and methylene blue staining, biochemical tests, and pathogenicity tests through inoculation of isolates into mice. Finally, molecular detection of P. multocida type B:2 was confirmed using PCR with specific primers. Forty-five (83 %) of the 54 FMD suspected samples tested positive for FMDV, with 53 % of these positive for serotype 'O,' 17 % for serotype 'A,' and 6 % for mixed serotypes 'O' and 'A.' Among the FMDV-positive samples, 17 (38 %) of the HS-suspected samples tested positive for concurrent infection with P. multocida type B:2. The study reveals that FMDV-induced acute immunosuppression in cattle can lead to complications from concurrent infections, particularly those caused by P. multocida type B:2, resulting in HS alongside FMD.
Conventional therapy (CT), such as donepezil and memantine are well- known short-term treatments for the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The efficacy of them, however, drops below baseline level after 9 months. Should Chinese herbal medicine make add-on benefit? The GRAPE formula was designed by Prof. J Tian, a prepared granules of Chinese herbs, according to Qifuyin in Jing Yue Quan Shu (published in A.D. 1624). Patients treated with CT+herbal therapy or CT alone for up to and over 12 months are collected. Cognition, activities of daily living and behavioral symptoms are selected as outcomes for assessing the effectiveness.
Novel multicomponent polynucleotide complexes for efficient transfection of cells are disclosed. The complexes comprise a bifunctional carrier component linked to a polynucleotide. The carrier binds to the polynucleotide and comprises one or more components which increase transfection efficiency and/or expression of the polynucleotide once internalized into a cell. In one embodiment, the carrier is cationic so that it complexes with the polynucleotide. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier comprises a cellular ligand. In other embodiments, the carrier further comprises an endosomolytic agent and/or a nuclear targeting agent. The multicomponent complexes can be used to transfect a variety of cells either in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo in a highly efficient and specific manner.
In an effort to develop better methods for preparing 99m Tc-labelled peptides for radioimaging and radiodiagnostic applications, we have developed a simple solid phase synthetic approach that allows the mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) technetium chelate to be attached directly onto the growing peptide chain using conventional solid phase peptide chemistry. This novel approach permits the facile, high yield preparation of precisely labelled and very pure (>95%) peptide-chelator conjugates. We believe this method has a number of significant advantages over other widely used protocols. In particular, it reduces the number of purification steps, eliminates the need for solution-phase conjugation and avoids the problems of non-specific chelator conjugation. Tests involving two different MAG3-bombesin conjugates, prepared using this technique, show that the peptide-conjugates can be efficiently labelled with 99mTc (92%), are highly resistant to cysteine challenge, are very stable in plasma and can bind to the desired cellular targets. This suggests that the protocols described here should be generally applicable in the preparation of other 99mTc labelled peptides.
This study is a 12-week, open-label, non-randomized, pilot clinical intervention trial. This is investigator initiated study.This trial will be done at St Louis University ALS clinic. ALS patients will be screened for depression using Beck depression inventory (BDI-II) scale. A mental healthcare provider will evaluate the patients scoring 19 or above, before inclusion in the study. Quality of Life (QOL) assessment by questionnaire (McGill) and ALS functional rating scale (ALS-FRS) measurement will be done at the baseline. Then these patients will be allocated into two treatment groups to receive either TCA or SSRI medication for 12 weeks based on the clinical judgment (non-randomized). Patients will require clinical encounters every 4 weeks and telephone encounters in between the visits to assess the effectiveness of medication and tolerability of the side effects if any. If any patient endorses active suicidal ideation on any of these assessments, he/she will be immediately sent to the ER for appropriate management. At 4, 8 and 12-week clinic visits, repeat BDI, QOL and ALS-FRS measurement will be done on each patient from both groups and used in the data analysis.
The mission of the KU Brain Aging Project is to promote healthy brain aging. How the brain changes with age is not well-characterized and even less is known about the factors influencing the rate of brain aging. Thus, we are using MRI scans to examine the structure of the brain in relation to important lifestyle factors. This will allow us to better understand the processes influencing the brain as it ages. In turn, this will help identify specific ways to promote healthy brain aging and, perhaps, prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease.

Participants complete 4 visits over several months. The first visit entails a clinical evaluation and memory testing involving the use of paper and pencil testing. The second visit is an MRI brain scan which lasts approximately one hour. The third visit involves drawing blood for laboratory testing and blood banking for future lab studies, lasting roughly 4 hours. The glucose tolerance test is administered. The fourth and final visit is an assessment of the participant's metabolism and exercise testing. This visit lasts approximately two hours.
Subjects with normal liver function test will be administered a single oral inhaled dose of 400 micrograms (mcg) GW685698X in the morning of the study day. Each healthy subject will be matched as closely as possible for age, gender, bodyweight and race to a subject with impaired liver function.
Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) is a common orthopaedic procedure associated with a high incidence of post-operative ileus (POI) and concomitant increased length of hospital stay (LOHS). POI is exacerbated by high dose opiate consumption often required by these patients post-operatively. We propose a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial studying the use of alvimopan, a peripherally-acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist known to reduce POI in bowel resection. We hypothesize that alvimopan will shorten POI in spine fusion patients without negatively affecting post-operative pain control. Treatment efficacy will be assessed by recording time to first bowel movement, time to hospital discharge, and post-operative pain control.

We hypothesize that acute administration of alvimopan, a peripherally-acting mu-opioid antagonist, shortens the duration of post-operative ileus (POI) in patients undergoing long-segment (5 or greater thoracolumbar levels) posterior spinal fusion (PSF). The study will be a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Reducing the morbidity of POI in patients undergoing PSF will decrease hospital stay and costs, and also improve patient satisfaction and post-operative care after major orthopaedic surgery.
The test fluids 7.2% NaCl 3 ml/kg will be infused over 10 min. The hemodynamic parameters will be determined before and after infusion by a cardiologist blinded to the type of infusion.
INTRODUCTION: Nicotine dependence follows a chronic course that is characterized by repeated relapse, often driven by acute stress and rewarding memories of smoking retrieved from related contexts. These two triggers can also interact, with stress influencing retrieval of contextual memories. However, the roles of these processes in nicotine dependence remain unknown.
AIMS AND METHODS: We investigated how acute stress biases memory for smoking-associated contexts among smokers (N = 65) using a novel laboratory paradigm. On day 1, participants formed associations between visual stimuli of items (either neutral or related to smoking) and places (background scenes). On day 2 (24 hours later), participants were exposed to an acute laboratory-based stressor (socially evaluated cold pressor test; N = 32) or a matched control condition (N = 33) prior to being tested on their memory recognition and preferences for each item and place. We distinguished the accuracy of memory into specific (ie, precisely correct) or gist (ie, lure items with similar content) categories.
RESULTS: Results demonstrated that the stressor significantly induced physiological and subjective perceived stress responses, and that stressed smokers exhibited a memory bias in favor of smoking-related items. In addition, the stressed group displayed greater preference for both smoking-related items and places that had been paired with the smoking-related items. We also found suggestive evidence that stronger smoking-related memory biases were associated with more severe nicotine dependence (ie, years of smoking).
CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the role of stress in biasing smokers toward remembering contexts associated with smoking, and amplifying their preference for these contexts.
IMPLICATIONS: The current study elucidates the role of acute stress in promoting memory biases favoring smoking-related associations among smokers. The results suggest that the retrieval of smoking-biased associative memory could be a crucial factor in stress-related nicotine seeking. This may lead to a potential intervention targeting the extinction of smoking-related context memories as a preventive strategy for stress-induced relapse.
Women assigned to the LPP+ arm will receive all components of the LP arm plus access to mindfulness videos via the app, in addition to participating in a virtual 6-session weekly, PN led mindfulness meditation enhanced intervention. The sessions will be delivered in real time, by PNs and will involve 1 on 1 discussions on a) the principles and health benefits of mindfulness meditation, b) lived experiences of women living with HIV and intersectional identities of being Black, and doubling identifying as women, c) experiencing trauma in personal relationships, d) ethnic pride, e) sex/gender pride, and f) positive self-affirmations. Sessions will be conducted online, in-app, and include culturally congruent video clips, role playing, and skills building activities that enhance self-pride and coping during stressful situations.
Infants will consume commercially available baby food pear (P) (Earth's Best, First Pears) for 7 days followed by a 4 day washout period of exclusive breast milk. Participants will be instructed to offer 1-2 tablespoons of pears to their infant at least three times per day for seven days in a row.
This study group will have the dry 2 x 2 dressing replaced with a honey 2 x 2 dressing. Additionally all indentations in the exit site wound will be filled with honey ointment prior to the application of the dressing.
Participants receive gemcitabine 1250 mg/m\^2, administered as IV infusion on Days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle and carboplatin AUC 5 or 6, administered as IV infusion on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle, for 4-6 cycles or until documented PD or participant discontinuation. If PD occurs, participants may be able to receive pembrolizumab Q3W in a second course of treatment.
INTRODUCTION: The oral cavity and gut tract, being interconnected and rich in microbiota, may have a shared influence on gingivitis. However, the specific role of distinct gut microbiota taxa in gingivitis remains unexplored. Utilizing Mendelian Randomization (MR) as an ideal method for causal inference avoiding reverse causality and potential confounding factors, we conducted a comprehensive two-sample MR study to uncover the potential genetic causal impact of gut microbiota on gingivitis.
METHODS: Instrumental variables were chosen from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with 418 gut microbiota taxa, involving 14,306 individuals. Gingivitis, with 4,120 cases and 195,395 controls, served as the outcome. Causal effects were assessed using random-effect inverse variance-weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. For replication and meta-analysis, gingivitis data from IEU OpenGWAS were employed. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran's Q tests, funnel plots, leave-one-out analyses, and MR-Egger intercept tests. This study aimed to assess the genetic correlation between the genetically predicted gut microbiota and gingivitis using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC).
RESULTS: Three gut microbiota taxa (class Actinobacteria id.419, family Defluviitaleaceae id.1924, genus Defluviitaleaceae UCG011 id.11287) are predicted to causally contribute to an increased risk of gingivitis (P< 0.05). Additionally, four gut microbiota taxa (class Actinobacteria id.419, genus Escherichia Shigella id.3504, genus Ruminococcaceae UCG002 id.11360) potentially exhibit inhibitory causal effects on the risk of gingivitis (P< 0.05). No significant evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy is detected. Our findings indicate a suggestive genetic correlation between class Actinobacteria id.419, class Bacteroidia id.912, family Defluviitaleaceae id.1924, genus Escherichia Shigella id.3504 and gingivitis.
CONCLUSION: Our study establishes the genetic causal effect of 418 gut microbiota taxa on gingivitis, offering insights for clinical interventions targeting gingivitis. Subsequent research endeavors are essential to corroborate the findings of our present study.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a conjugate or derivative thereof for reducing blood glucose is provided to enhance effective molecular size and to treat physiological activity in vivo. CONSTITUTION: A conjugate is prepared by conjugating fatty acid and anti-diabetic peptide to polyethylene glycol(PEG). The PEG contains a derivative thereof. The each end of the PEG is succinimidyl succinate, succinimidyl propionate, succinimidyl butanoate, N-hydrosucciinimide, benzotriazole carbonate, maleimide, or OPSS. The anti-diabetic peptide is GLP-1, exendin-4, insulin or agonist, derivative, fragment, variant, or mixture thereof. A composition for reducing blood glucose contains an anti-diabetic peptide-PEG-fatty acid conjugate as an active ingredient.
The group applies Lipikar Baume AP+M twice daily for 3 months. Participants have 4 visits (Day0, Day 28, Day56, Day84) with different outcome measures including self-evaluations).
This will be a randomised crossover study which will be conducted on overweight and obese women with BMI of 27-35 kg/m2 and 18 -50 years old. Subjects will conduct two experimental trials, each lasting over 2 days and involving the consumption of two low-calorie meal replacements, one for breakfast and another one for dinner, and a low carbohydrate lunch meal for 2 consecutive days. In one trial, during each meal participants will take 3g of beta-glucan supplement and 3 g of cellulose as a placebo will be taken in another trial. On day 1 of each trial, a low-calorie breakfast will be consumed at the metabolic investigation laboratory at New Lister Building (NLB) of Glasgow Royal Infirmary and low carbohydrate lunch and low-calorie dinner at home. On day 2, breakfast and lunch will be consumed at the laboratory. On day 2, prior to the breakfast, 1000mg of paracetamol will be taken, and blood samples, breath hydrogen tests, appetite questionnaires and metabolic rate measurements will be obtained for 7 hours after the completion of breakfast. Trials will be separated by a 7-day washout period. All measurements will be collected at New Lister Building (NLB). Prior to the main experimental trials, participants will be asked to undergo a screening session which includes answering a health screening questionnaire and undergoing measurements of height, body weight, body composition and resting energy expenditure.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a dual role, acting as both an oxidant and a reducer, with various effects depending on its concentration and environment. Acute kidney injury's (AKI) pathogenesis observed in cardiorenal syndrome 3 (CRS 3) involves inflammatory responses and the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. However, the role of NO on the development of CRS 3 is still not completely understood. The study aimed to mimic CRS 3 in vitro and investigate NO signaling and inflammatory molecules.
METHODS: Thus, HEK293 cells were submitted to normoxia (NX) or hypoxia (HX) protocols for 16 h followed by 3 h of reoxygenation, treated or not with L-NAME. Conditionate medium by HEK293 was transferred to H9c2 for 24 h. Cellular viability was evaluated by MTT assay, real time PCR was used to analyze gene expression and NO content were evaluated in the intra and extracellular medium by amperimetry.
RESULTS: Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) expression increased 2.9-fold after hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced 18 % cell viability in HEK293 that was restored by L-NAME treatment. The sum of nitrite (NO2-) and S-nitrosothiol (S-NO) fractions in HEK293 cells showed a substantial decrease on NO intracellular content (38 %). Both IL-6 and IL-10 decreased in all groups compared to NX cells. Besides TNF-α and Bax/Bcl2 ratio increased in hypoxia (approximately 120-fold and 600-fold, respectively) and L-NAME restored this effect. Regarding H9c2 cells, the S-NO fractions showed a substantial decrease in extracellular content after HX (17%) that was not restored by L-NAME. IL-1β decreases in cardiac cells treated with conditioned medium from HX/L-NAME.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion this study highlights the complex interplay of NO and inflammatory factors in hypoxia-induced renal and cardiac cell responses, with potential implications for cardiorenal syndrome.