anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Cardiac rehabilitation is a multifaceted physical activity program that incorporates medication adherence, smoking cessation, nutrition, and psychological counseling. Implementation of cardiac rehabilitation among those with cardiovascular disease (including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and valvular heart disease) has been shown to increase physical activity and reduce cardiovascular mortality, morbidity, and hospital readmission rates. Cardiac rehabilitation carries a class I indication (standard of care) for post-acute coronary syndrome, post-percutaneous coronary intervention, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting/valve surgery, in patients with stable angina, and in patients with chronic heart failure per American College of Cardiology guidelines. Patient attendance and completion rates of a full regimen of cardiac rehabilitation therapy have been shown to be \< 40% of those referred, depriving many eligible patients of the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of using behavioral economic interventions targeting daily step goals using wearable activity monitors to improve cardiac rehabilitation attendance among patients already referred for cardiac rehabilitation. We will compare three groups of 30 patients each as follows: 1) behaviorally designed gamification with social support; 2) loss-framed financial incentives; and 3) behaviorally designed gamification with social support AND loss-framed financial incentives.
Bile acids (BA) are key for liver regeneration and injury. This study aims at analyzing the changes in the BA pool induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IRI) and investigates the impact of hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) on the BA pool compared to static cold storage (SCS). In a porcine model of IRI, liver grafts underwent 30 min of asystolic warm ischemia followed by 6 h of SCS (n = 6) ± 2 h of HOPE (n = 6) and 2 h of ex-situ warm reperfusion. The BA pool in bile samples was analyzed with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 16 BA and observed significant changes in response to ischemia-reperfusion, which were associated with both protective and injury mechanisms. Second, HOPE-treated liver grafts exhibited a more protective BA phenotype, characterized by a more hydrophilic BA pool compared to SCS. Key BA, such as GlycoCholic Acid, were identified and were associated with a decreased transaminase release and improved lactate clearance during reperfusion. Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis revealed a distinct injury profile for the HOPE group. In conclusion, the BA pool changes with liver graft IRI, and preservation with HOPE results in a protective BA phenotype compared to SCS.
Stage 2 was an open-label, randomized, controlled trial. Eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either (1) G+C combination treatment in 28-day cycles at 30 mg/m2 SC once daily on Days 1-5 and carboplatin IV AUC 4 on Day 8, or (2) treatment of choice (TC) of topotecan, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), paclitaxel, or gemcitabine based on recommended dosing in 28-day cycles; participants initially randomized to TC were able to cross over to receive 30 mg/m2 G+C due to disease progression.
This review examines the complex connection between commensal microbiota and the development of opportunistic infections. Several underlying conditions, such as metabolic diseases and weakened immune systems, increase the vulnerability of patients to opportunistic infections. The increasing antibiotic resistance adds significant complexity to the management of infectious diseases. Although commensals have long been considered beneficial, recent research contradicts this notion by uncovering chronic illnesses linked to atypical pathogens or commensal bacteria. This review examines conditions in which commensal bacteria, which are usually beneficial, contribute to developing diseases. Commensals' support for opportunistic infections can be categorized based on factors such as colonization fitness, pathoadaptive mutation, and evasion of host immune response. Individuals with weakened immune systems are especially susceptible, highlighting the importance of mucosal host-microbiota interaction in promoting infection when conditions are inappropriate. Dysregulation of gut microbial homeostasis, immunological modulation, and microbial interactions are caused by several factors that contribute to the development of chronic illnesses. Knowledge about these mechanisms is essential for developing preventive measures, particularly for susceptible populations, and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balanced gut microbiota in reducing the impact of opportunistic infections.
Fenofibrate at doses equivalent to 87 mg to 130 mg fenofibrate per day [at the highest dose, comparable to Fenoglide, 120 mg] can increase serum transaminases [AST (SGOT) or ALT (SGPT)].

In a pooled analysis of 10 placebo-controlled trials, increases to >3 times the upper limit of normal occurred in 5.3% of patients taking fenofibrate versus 1.1% of patients treated with placebo.

When transaminase determinations were followed either after discontinuation of treatment or during continued treatment, a return to normal limits was usually observed. The incidence of increases in transaminases related to fenofibrate therapy appear to be dose related. In an 8-week dose-ranging study, the incidence of ALT or AST elevations to at least three times the upper limit of normal was 13% in patients receiving dosages equivalent to 87 mg to 130 mg fenofibrate per day and was 0% in those receiving dosages equivalent to 43 mg or less fenofibrate per day, or placebo. Hepatocellular, chronic active and cholestatic hepatitis have been reported after exposures of weeks to several years. In extremely rare cases, cirrhosis has been reported in association with chronic active hepatitis.

Regular periodic monitoring of liver tests, including serum ALT (SGPT) should be performed for the duration of therapy with Fenoglide, and therapy discontinued if enzyme levels persist above three times the normal limit.
277,774. Haythornthwaite, A., and May & Baker, Ltd. July 16, 1926. Medicines for internal use.-Stable solutions of bismuth salts of arylarsinic acids are prepared by the addition of a base to a suspension of the salt to render it soluble and of a salt of an aliphatic hydroxypolybasic acid with a base to stabilize the solution. The two bases, which may be the same or different, comprise ammonia or a strongly-basic substituted ammonia, another strong base such as piperazine, or a caustic alkali; organic acids specified are citric and tartaric acids. The bismuth salt may be prepared in situ in the solution in which it is dissolved. Neutrality of the final solution may be effected by adding a weak acid such as acetic acid. According to the examples, (1) bismuth 3-acetylamino-4-oxyphenylarsinate is mixed with sodium potassium tartrate and either piperazine, sodium hydroxide or ammonia in water, and the solution neutralized with acetic acid; (2) piperazine is added to a suspension of 3-acetylamino-4-oxyphenylarsinic acid, sodium potassium tartrate and sodium bismuthyl tartrate added, and the solution neutralized with acetic acid; (3) a solution of piperazine and sodium potassium tartrate is added to bismuth N-phenylglycinamide-p-arsinate or bismuth p-aminophenylarsinate; (4) a mixture of bismuth 3-acetylamino- 4-oxyphenylarsinate, piperazine and tartaric acid is taken up with water. Specifications 258,641, and 266,820, [Class 1 (iii), Oxides &c., Metallic], are referred to. According to the Provisional Specification, stabilization may be effected by the addition of a polyhydroxyalcohol such as glucose.
BACKGROUND: Older patients are particularly vulnerable to age-related respiratory changes. This prospective randomized controlled trial studied the effects of high and low fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) with the recruitment maneuver (RM) during extubation on lung atelectasis postoperatively in older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
METHODS: We randomized a total of 126 patients aged >60 years who underwent both elective and emergency major abdominal surgeries and met the inclusion criteria into three groups (H, HR, and LR) using computer-generated block randomization. Group H received high FiO2 (1), Group HR received high FiO2 (1) with RM followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H2O, and Group LR received low FiO2 (0.4) with RM followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H2O 10 minutes before extubation. Oxygenation and atelectasis were measured using the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)/FiO2 ratios and lung ultrasound score. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded up to 24 hours postoperatively.
RESULTS: The mean PaO2/FiO2 at 30 minutes post-extubation was significantly higher in Groups LR and HR compared to that in Group H (390.71±29.55, 381.97±24.97, and 355.37±31.70; p<0.001). In the immediate postoperative period, the median lung ultrasound score was higher in Group H than that in Groups LR and HR (6 [5-7], 3 [3-5], and 3.5 [2.25-4.75]; p<0.001). The incidence of oxygen desaturation and oxygen requirements was higher in Group H during the postoperative period.
CONCLUSION: The RM before extubation is beneficial in reducing atelectasis and postoperative pulmonary complications, irrespective of the FiO2 concentration used in older adults undergoing major abdominal surgeries. (Trail registration number: Reference No. CTRI/2022/04/042115; date of CTRI registration 25/02/2022; and date of enrolment of the first research participant 05/05/2022).
Gender-based violence is prevalent globally, yet the impacts of sexual and physical violence on women's experiences of routine gynecologic care are not well understood. The purpose of this systematic review of quantitative research is to describe (a) psychological distress and pain related to gynecologic exams among female survivors of sexual and physical violence and (b) differences in distress or pain between survivors and women without this history. Fourteen articles based on 12 discrete studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogeneous, with a moderate risk of bias; therefore, a descriptive summary approach was utilized rather than a meta-analytic approach. Synthesized results indicated that survivors of violence experience mild-to-severe levels of distress and mild-to-moderate levels of pain related to gynecologic exams. The findings suggest that survivors of sexual or physical violence experience higher levels of distress than women without this history (i.e., moderate to severe), and this difference was further accentuated among women with more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Differences in pain by violence history and PTSS severity were not consistently observed, possibly due to a lack of variability in ratings and small sample sizes. Additional research is needed that bolsters the measurement of exam-related distress and pain, adjusts for confounding variables, and explores mechanisms by which sexual and physical violence impact care experiences. Further empirical work will be critical to developing interventions at the patient and provider levels to improve women's experiences of care.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: the parental source for human antiherpetic preparation producing is precipitate B formed at alcohol separation of plasma blood from native nonvaccinated donors containing initially high antibody content to the simplex herpes virus. Method involves the treatment of aqueous extract of precipitate B with chloroform and dextran sulfate followed by sequence separation with polyethylene glycol (molecular mass is 4000) taken at concentrations 2-4% and 5-7% by volume. For precipitation fraction IgG polyethylene glycol is added up to saturation 12-14% by volume. The content of IgG in human antiherpetic immunoglobulin preparation obtained from ballast fraction (precipitate B) is 97% EFFECT: decreased cost, usage of waste. 1 tbl
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable even despite the development of more effective surgical approaches. During hepatic IRI, activated HSC (aHSC) are involved in liver injury and recovery.
APPROACH AND RESULT: A proportion of aHSC increased significantly both in the mouse liver tissues with IRI and in the primary mouse HSCs and LX-2 cells during hypoxia-reoxygenation. "Loss-of-function" experiments revealed that depleting aHSC with gliotoxin exacerbated liver damage in IRI mice. Subsequently, we found that the transcription of mRNA and the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) protein were lower in aHSC compared with quiescent HSCs. Interestingly, overexpression or knockdown of BTLA resulted in opposite changes in the activation of specific markers for HSCs such as collagen type I alpha 1, α-smooth muscle actin, and Vimentin. Moreover, the upregulation of these markers was also observed in the liver tissues of global BLTA-deficient (BTLA-/-) mice and was higher after hepatic IRI. Compared with wild-type mice, aHSC were higher, and liver injury was lower in BTLA-/- mice following IRI. However, the depletion of aHSC reversed these effects. In addition, the depletion of aHSC significantly exacerbated liver damage in BTLA-/- mice with hepatic IRI. Furthermore, the TGF-β1 signaling pathway was identified as a potential mechanism for BTLA to negatively regulate the activation of HSCs in vivo and in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS: These novel findings revealed a critical role of BTLA. Particularly, the receptor inhibits HSC-activated signaling in acute IRI, implying that it is a potential immunotherapeutic target for decreasing the IRI risk.
INTRODUCTION: Because prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in cancer patients presenting with COVID-19 may affect outcomes, we investigated the beta-coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus (MHV)-1, in a lethal pneumonia model in the absence (Study 1) or presence of prior programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody (PD-L1mAb) treatment (Study 2).
METHODS: In Study 1, animals were inoculated intratracheally with MHV-1 or vehicle and evaluated at day 2, 5, and 10 after infection. In Study 2, uninfected or MHV-1-infected animals were pretreated intraperitoneally with control or PD-L1-blocking antibodies (PD-L1mAb) and evaluated at day 2 and 5 after infection. Each study examined survival, physiologic and histologic parameters, viral titers, lung immunophenotypes, and mediator production.
RESULTS: Study 1 results recapitulated the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and revealed increased cell surface expression of checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1), higher expression of the immune activation marker angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but reduced detection of the MHV-1 receptor CD66a on immune cells in the lung, liver, and spleen. In addition to reduced detection of PD-L1 on all immune cells assayed, PD-L1 blockade was associated with increased cell surface expression of PD-1 and ACE, decreased cell surface detection of CD66a, and improved oxygen saturation despite reduced blood glucose levels and increased signs of tissue hypoxia. In the lung, PD-L1mAb promoted S100A9 but inhibited ACE2 production concomitantly with pAKT activation and reduced FOXO1 levels. PD-L1mAb promoted interferon-γ but inhibited IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production, contributing to reduced bronchoalveolar lavage levels of eosinophils and neutrophils. In the liver, PD-L1mAb increased viral clearance in association with increased macrophage and lymphocyte recruitment and liver injury. PD-L1mAb increased the production of virally induced mediators of injury, angiogenesis, and neuronal activity that may play role in COVID-19 and ICI-related neurotoxicity. PD-L1mAb did not affect survival in this murine model.
DISCUSSION: In Study 1 and Study 2, ACE was upregulated and CD66a and ACE2 were downregulated by either MHV-1 or PD-L1mAb. CD66a is not only the MHV-1 receptor but also an identified immune checkpoint and a negative regulator of ACE. Crosstalk between CD66a and PD-L1 or ACE/ACE2 may provide insight into ICI therapies. These networks may also play role in the increased production of S100A9 and neurological mediators in response to MHV-1 and/or PD-L1mAb, which warrant further study. Overall, these findings support observational data suggesting that prior ICI treatment does not alter survival in patients presenting with COVID-19.
NEW MATERIAL:An oxazole derivative shown by the formula I (R<1> and R<2> are H, or lower alkyl; R<3> is hydroxyl group, or substituted amino group; X and Y are H or halogen; n is 1, or 2). EXAMPLE:N-(2-Thiazolyl)-2-[4-(2-phenyl)oxazolylmethylthio] propionic acid amide. USE:Having an adjusting action of immune function and antiallergic action, useful as a remedy for rheumatoid arthritis, nephritis, autoimmune disease, cancer, microbism, etc. or a drug for hyperlipemia. Having low side effect. PREPARATION:A compound shown by the formula II is reacted with a compound shown by the formula III in an inert solvent such as methanol, etc. in the presence of a dehydrohalogenating agent such as sodium carbonate, etc. at 0- 120 deg.C to tive a compound shown by the formula IV. Then the compound shown by the formula IV is reacted with a compound shown by the formula V in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as phosphorus pentachloride, etc. at 180- 220 deg.C to give a compound shown by the formula I .
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to find predictive factors for intractable Graves' disease (GD).
METHODS: Ninety-three GD patients who visited two pediatric endocrinology clinics from March 2009 to August 2019 were involved in this study. Data were collected on the methimazole (MZ) dosages prescribed from their first visits to their fifth visits. The amount of tapered dosage was presented as a "tapering velocity" (dosage difference (mg/m2)/follow-up interval (months)). The relationship between the tapering velocity and the remission rate of GD was analyzed. Remission of GD was defined as having a total period of MZ treatment less than 5 years with no relapse after MZ withdrawal for at least more than a year.
RESULTS: Of 93 patients diagnosed with GD, 26 patients (28.0%) were classified as the "remission group" and 67 (72.0%) were classified as the "intractable group." The frequency of goiter was significantly higher in the intractable group (p = 0.031). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the tapering velocity change from the first to the fifth visit significantly influenced the risk of intractable GD: odds ratio (OR) = 0.598, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.413-0.865, p = 0.006. An accompanying goiter at the time of diagnosis (OR = 4.706 95% CI 1.315-16.847, p = 0.017) and thyroid stimulation hormone receptor antibody titer (OR = 1.032 95% CI 1.002-1.062, p = 0.034) were also found to be independent factors associated with intractable progress in GD.
CONCLUSION: Difficulty in tapering the MZ dosage in the first 4 months of treatment was an independent predicting factor for intractable GD.
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a nanoparticle with Ce6 and copper ions loaded by a triterpene micromolecule co-assembly wrapped by a cancer cell membrane, and the nanoparticle is prepared by a pure natural co-assembly nano transmission system-terpenoid and a photosensitizer co-assembly nanoparticle with brand new morphological characteristics and various biological activities. In the composite nano-assembly, the triterpene compound and the photosensitizer Ce6 are assembled into nano-particles, so that effective and safe chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy are providedForce therapy. Subsequently, cu is complexed on the nanoparticle surface  2+  When Cu is introduced  2+  When active oxygen is consumed by excessive glutathione in the tumor, the effect of PDT reduction can be counteracted. In addition, it can also pass H overexpressed in tumor sites  2  O  2  A Fenton-like catalytic reaction occurs, conferring CDT therapy. Finally, these molecules are encapsulated by tumor cell membranes. By constructing cm@oabace6/CuNPs with homology targeting, a triple synergy platform for cancer treatment using PDT, chemotherapy and CDT was created.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase convenience of input operation in client side in a thin client system.SOLUTION: A medical image display device is connected to a medical image management device through a network, so that the medical image management device can be logged in from the medical image display device. An input device includes a first input key provided in the medical image display device. A log in session management part 36 receives a input key image regarding a second input key provided in the medical image management display from the medical image management device. A display part 39 displays the received input key image. An input part 31 operates the displayed input key image in accordance with the input operation by a user and generates operational signals according to the input operation. A remote access part 35 sends the generated operation signals to the medical image management device.
The control group is a wait-list control group. Participants in the control group will be offered to use the app after 10 weeks of being in the study. The control group participants once they opted to use the app after 10 weeks will only have access to the app for 6 weeks.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide formulations limiting spread of pulmonary infections.  <P>SOLUTION: Formulations have been developed for pulmonary delivery to treat or reduce the infectivity of diseases such as viral infections, (especially tuberculosis, SARS, influenza and RS virus in humans and hoof and mouth disease in animals). Formulations for pulmonary administration include a material that significantly alters physical properties such as surface tension and surface elasticity of lung mucus lining fluid, (which may be a surfactant) and, optionally, a carrier. The formulation may be administered as a powder where the particles consist basically of the material altering surface tension. The carrier may be a solution, such as an alcohol, although an aqueous solution may be utilized, or a material mixed with the material altering surface tension to form particles.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
The efficacy and safety of CIMZIA were assessed in one multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (AS-1) in 325 patients ≥18 years of age with adult-onset active axial spondyloarthritis for at least 3 months. The majority of patients in the study had active AS.

Patients had active disease as defined by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) ≥4, and spinal pain ≥4 on a 0 to 10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Patients must have been intolerant to or had an inadequate response to at least one NSAID. Patients were treated with a loading dose of CIMZIA 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 (for both treatment arms) or placebo followed by either 200 mg of CIMZIA every 2 weeks or 400 mg of CIMZIA every 4 weeks or placebo. Concomitant NSAIDs were received by 91% of the AS patients. The primary efficacy variable was the proportion of patients achieving an ASAS20 response at Week 12.

Clinical Response

In study AS-1, at Week 12, a greater proportion of AS patients treated with CIMZIA 200 mg every 2 weeks or 400 mg every 4 weeks achieved ASAS 20 response compared to AS patients treated with placebo (Table 10). Responses were similar in patients receiving CIMZIA 200 mg every 2 weeks and CIMZIA 400 mg every 4 weeks. The results of the components of the ASAS response criteria and other measures of disease activity are shown in Table 11.

The percent of AS patients achieving ASAS20 responses by visit for Study AS001 is shown in Figure 3. Among patients receiving CIMZIA, clinical responses were seen in some AS patients within one to two weeks after initiation of therapy.

Figure 3: Study AS-1: ASAS20 response over 24 weeks in AS patients *