anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1314019 Antibiotics from Pseudomocas Rollandi ALBERT ROLLAND SA 17 July 1970 [19 July 1969] 36428/69 Heading C2A In a process for producing an antibiotic whose infra-red spectrum is shown in Fig. 3, a strain of Pseudomonas Rollandi is aerobically cultured at 12-42 C., preferably 28 to 37 C., in a culture medium for a sufficient period of time to achieve the stationary growth phase of the Pseudomonas, the resulting Pseudomonas is then separated and ground, the resulting ground material is dehydrated, and the dehydrated material is extracted with methanol to give a methanolic solution of the crude antibiotic. The methanolic extract may be evaporated to dryness, extracted with a chlorinated solvent, e.g. chloroform, methylene chloride or trichloroacetic acid, followed by, or preceded by treatment with hexane or heptane to remove lipids. The resultant product may be extracted with ethanol to purify the antibiotic still further. The antibiotic comprises a peptide-ester or a depsipeptide component of average molecular weight 1000 to 2000, which can be isolated as slightly beige crystals, m.p. 155-156 C., αD (measured at 20 C. in ethanol) = - 46 degrees and having the infra-red spectrum shown in Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings and a second component which is a mixture or complex of dipeptide and in part depsi-peptide character, which can be isolated in a semi-crystalline, ninhydrinpositive form, which is soluble in dilute acetic acid and has an Rf of 0À35 on a cellulose plate when using the solvent system butanol-acetic acid-water, 12 : 3 : 5. Pharmaceutical compositions having antibiotic properties contain an antibiotic as described above in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
See FDA-Approved Patient Labeling

Pregnancy: Tell female patients of childbearing age about the consequences of exposure to olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide tablets during pregnancy. Discuss treatment options with women planning to become pregnant. Tell patients to report pregnancies to their physicians as soon as possible.

Symptomatic Hypotension: Advise patients that lightheadedness can occur, especially during the first days of therapy, and that it should be reported to the prescribing physician. Tell patients that if syncope occurs, olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide tablets should be discontinued until the physician has been consulted.

Tell patients that inadequate fluid intake, excessive perspiration, diarrhea, or vomiting can lead to an excessive fall in blood pressure, with the same consequences of lightheadedness and possible syncope.
BACKGROUND: Dynamic monitoring of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) functional status in septic mice can help to explore the pathological mechanisms. Therefore, we proposed a new method for monitoring BBB permeability and applied it to the detection of sepsis models.
METHODS: The new method involves the construction of an optical cranial window and in vivo imaging. We performed dynamic monitoring of BBB permeability and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in cecal ligation puncture (CLP) and endotoxemia (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) mice.
RESULTS: The sensitivity and accuracy of this method were higher than those of Evans blue evaluation. The increase of BBB permeability in the group of CLP mice was relatively mild and correlated with overall survival, and the damage was irreversible. Contrarily, BBB damage in the LPS group was more acute and severe, unrelated to overall survival, but recoverable. The CBF decreased significantly in both model mouse groups 24 h after modeling, but only the CBF proportion decrease in the LPS group was significantly correlated with an increase in BBB permeability. Within 24 h after both models were established, the decrease in blood flow in the digestive organs occurred earlier than in the brain and kidneys, and the decrease in small intestine blood flow in the LPS group progressed faster.
CONCLUSIONS: We have successfully demonstrated the feasibility of our novel method to detect BBB permeability in mice. Our results revealed a significant difference in the BBB permeability change trend between the CLP and LPS model mice when survival curves were consistent. Notably, the CLP-model mice demonstrated a closer resemblance to clinical patients. Our findings suggest that early-stage brain tissue hypoperfusion has a greater impact on BBB function damage in endotoxemia mice, which is related to the faster progression of blood flow redistribution.
BACKGROUND: Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the pivotal event of acute kidney injury (AKI), and they are unavoidable in the process of kidney transplantation, which eventually leads to the loss of renal allograft. Ferroptosis is a newly identified programmed cell death. Recent studies have suggested that ferroptosis may participate in the pathophysiological process of renal IRI. Therefore, we aimed to determine biomarkers associated with ferroptosis during renal IRI and their impact on renal allografts.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and established an IRI-AKI animal model to illustrate the critical role of ferroptosis-related hub genes (FRHGs) in IRI-AKI and their potential impact on kidney transplantation.
RESULTS: In this study, we identified 60 ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in renal IRI based on the GSE148420 dataset and FerrDb database. And then we performed functional annotation analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by online tool String. EZH2, CDKN1A, PPARA, EGR1, ATF3, and CD44 were identited as six ferroptosis-related hubgenes (FRHGs) using four methods, including MMC, Degree, DMNC, and EPC. FRHGs expression level were verified by the validation sets GSE58438 and GSE126805. Protein expression level of FRHGs verified by Proteomics and Western blot. Cibersort was utilized to analyze immune cell infiltration during renal IRI as well as the correlation between FRHGs and immune cells. The GSE21374 dataset was used for renal allografts survival analysis. Finally, We induced the IRI-AKI animal model and illustrated the importance of FRGHs CD44 in ferroptosis and the accumulation of macrophages.
CONCLUSION: We identified 6 FRHGs. We found that FRHGs not only exhibited significant correlation with immune cells but also directly influenced the survival of transplanted kidneys in the human population. Among six FRHGs, only CD44 was overexpressed at both the gene and protein levels. Anti-CD44 exerts a protective effect by inhibiting ferroptosis and the accumulation of M1 macrophages during renal IRI. This study provided new insights into the pathogenesis of renal IRI and provided new evidence for its treatment.
A 689 nm laser treatment delivering 95 J/cm2 by application of an intensity of 805 mW/cm2 over 118 seconds was performed. No verteporfin or other drugs were administered to the patients.
Flash lamp pulsed dye laser; Candela SPTL-1 (Candela Corp., Wayland, Mass.) with the following parameters: (585nm wavelength, 450 msec pulse duration, 6.5 to 7.5 J/cm² energy density and 5or 7mm spot size).
CMV infection is a medically significant opportunistic disease in patients with HIV-related infection. The purine nucleoside ganciclovir has been used to treat AIDS patients with CMV disease. Although ganciclovir is useful in treating CMV disease, such treatment is frequently complicated by hematologic (blood) toxicity. Also, treatment is difficult because it requires daily intravenous dosing. Test tube studies show that FIAC and its primary breakdown product FIAU are highly and specifically active against several viruses including CMV. A single-dose, pharmacokinetic (blood level) study showed that FIAC, when taken orally, is readily absorbed into the bloodstream, and most of it is converted to FIAU.

Patients are treated as outpatients if general health permits. This is continued for up to 90 days or until failure on basis of efficacy, tolerance, or toxicity. The dose escalation between groups of patients uses the formula n + 0.7n. Entry of new patients at the next higher dose is based on results of antiviral, tolerance, and safety data for the prior cohort when they have received at least 14 days of therapy. Consecutively qualifying patients are enrolled for each dose group and not based on either disease severity or expected tolerance. Although not formally randomized due to the sequential nature of the study and serious medical condition of the patients, every attempt to avoid bias in assigning a patient to a dose is made. Patients are advised to avoid heavy exercise within 24 hours of any laboratory tests.
Participants in the (group TCPB) will receive US-guided thyroid cartilage plane block. Ultrasound-guided bilateral Thyroid Cartilage Plane Block is performed using the thyroid cartilage plate as an anatomical landmark. 3ml of 2% lidocaine is injected on the surface of the thyroid cartilage plate. Subsequently, perform fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided oropharyngeal, subglottic, and tracheal surface anesthesia. After completing surface anesthesia, perform fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation, securing it properly.
On Day 1, participants will undergo 24-hour Acute Challenge 1, in which participants will receive a single dose of 100 U/kg epoetin alfa IV. After completing Acute Challenge 1, participants will enter in an 8-week Hgb maintenance period. At the end of Hgb maintenance period, on Day 57, Acute Challenge 2 will be performed utilizing the same treatment dose administered in Acute Challenge 1.
The control group will receive control acupuncture and hydrotubation.Hydrotubation (80,000 U gentamicin , 400U chymotrypsin , 5mg dexamethasone , 50ml 0.9% saline) will be performed within 3 7 days after the menstruation\[12\].We use a manometer to measure the pressure and record the number on a card, then calculate the gap of the first and last time,it continues 3 menstrual cycles.Two needles will be inserted in each arm, one in each shoulder and one in each upper arm at nonacupuncture pointsAll the needles will be keep in positions for 30 min. Acupuncture will be performed three times per week,for a total of 36 sessions (12 wk).
The Psychoeducation program that focused on social skill development, consists of 8 sessions, one day a week, each lasting an average of 60 Minutes. Psychoeducation was conducted in three groups and each of them consisted of eight patients.
Infants who are randomized to experimental group will follow the SMART treatment protocol, which includes echocardiographic screening every 72 hours to categorize PDA disease severity by combining clinical and echocardiographic features. At any evaluation if patients are found to have a "severe PDA" on echocardiography, irrespective of clinical symptoms, or a "moderate PDA" on echocardiography with at least moderate clinical illness, they will receive pharmacotherapy aimed at PDA closure (The PDA severity has been divided into mild, moderate or severe based on pre-defined clinical and echocardiographic criteria).
We compared the magnitude of exercise-induced hypoalgesia and conditioned pain modulation between blood-flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise (RE) and moderate-intensity RE. Twenty-five asymptomatic participants performed unilateral leg press in two visits. For moderate-intensity RE, subjects exercised at 50% 1RM without BFR, whereas BFR RE exercised at 30% 1RM with a cuff inflated to 60% limb occlusion pressure. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia was quantified by pressure pain threshold changes before and after RE. Conditioned pain modulation was tested using cold water as the conditioning stimulus and mechanical pressure as the test stimulus and quantified as pressure pain threshold change. Difference in conditioned pain modulation pre- to post-RE was then calculated. The differences of RE on pain modulations were compared using paired t-tests. Pearson's r was used to examine the correlation between exercise-induced hypoalgesia and changes in conditioned pain modulation. We found greater hypoalgesia with BFR RE compared to moderate-intensity RE (p=0.008). Significant moderate correlations were found between exercise-induced hypoalgesia and changes in conditioned pain modulation (BFR: r=0.63, moderate-intensity: r=0.72). BFR RE has favorable effects on pain modulation in healthy adults and the magnitude of exercise-induced hypoalgesia is positively correlated with conditioned pain modulation activation.
The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal pill for resolving stagnation, clearing liver and quenching thirst, which is prepared from the following raw materials: 13 traditional Chinese medicines of salvia miltiorrhiza, mulberry leaf, mint, silkworm excrement, kudzuvine root, Chinese thorowax root, lychee seed, white paeony root, rehmannia root, baical skullcap root, reed root, corn stigma, liquoric root and the like are combined in a formula. 1. Has no influence or little influence on normal physiological functions and no toxic or side effect. 2. The effect is nonspecific and broad-spectrum. 3. Has effects in maintaining normal physiological function of human body, softening blood vessel, lowering blood sugar, and promoting blood circulation. 4. Can obviously improve the clinical symptoms and physical signs of patients and regulate the balance of yin and yang of internal organs.
Invasive intensive care unit (ICU) treatments for patients with advanced medical illnesses and poor prognoses may prolong suffering with minimal benefit. Unfortunately, the quality of care planning and communication between clinicians and critically-ill patients/families in these situations are highly variable, frequently leading to over-utilization of invasive ICU treatments. Time limited trials (TLTs) are agreements between the clinicians and patients/decision-makers to use certain medical therapies over defined periods of time and evaluate whether patients improve or worsen according to pre-determined clinical parameters. For patients with advanced medical illnesses receiving aggressive ICU treatments, TLTs can promote effective dialogue, develop consensus in decision-making, and set rational boundaries to treatments based on patients' goals of care. The objective of our study is to examine whether a multi-component quality improvement strategy that uses protocoled time limited trials as the default ICU care planning approach for critically-ill patients with advanced medical illnesses will decrease duration and intensity of non-beneficial ICU care without changing hospital mortality.

This study will be conducted in medical ICUs of 3 public teaching hospitals in Los Angeles County. We will train clinicians to use protocol-enhanced TLTs as the default communication and care planning approach in patients with advanced medical illnesses who receive invasive ICU treatments. Eligible patients will be those considered by treating ICU physicians to be at high risk for non-beneficial treatments according to guidelines from the Society of Critical Care Medicine. ICU physicians will be trained to use the TLT protocol through a curriculum of didactic lectures, case discussions, and simulations utilizing actors as family members in role-playing scenarios. Family meetings will be schedule by trained care managers. The improvement strategy will be implemented sequentially in the 3 participating hospitals, and outcomes will be evaluated using a before-after study design.

Key process outcomes will include frequency, timing, and content of family meetings. The primary clinical outcome will be ICU length of stay. Secondary outcomes will include hospital length of stay, days receiving life-sustaining treatments (mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and renal replacement therapy), number of attempts at cardiopulmonary resuscitation, frequency of invasive ICU procedures, and disposition from hospitalization.
### Carcinogenesis 

Lifetime carcinogenicity studies of zaleplon were conducted in mice and rats. Mice received doses of 25 mg/kg/day, 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day, and 200 mg/kg/day in the diet for two years. These doses are equivalent to 6 to 49 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 20 mg on a mg/m2 basis. There was a significant increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenomas in female mice in the high dose group. Rats received doses of 1 mg/kg/day, 10 mg/kg/day, and 20 mg/kg/day in the diet for two years. These doses are equivalent to 0.5 to 10 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 20 mg on a mg/m2 basis. Zaleplon was not carcinogenic in rats. 

### Mutagenesis 

Zaleplon was clastogenic, both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation, causing structural and numerical aberrations (polyploidy and endoreduplication), when tested for chromosomal aberrations in the in vitro Chinese hamster ovary cell assay. In the in vitro human lymphocyte assay, zaleplon caused numerical, but not structural, aberrations only in the presence of metabolic activation at the highest concentrations tested. In other in vitro assays, zaleplon was not mutagenic in the Ames bacterial gene mutation assay or the Chinese hamster ovary HGPRT gene mutation assay. Zaleplon was not clastogenic in two in vivo assays, the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay and the rat bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, and did not cause DNA damage in the rat hepatocyte unscheduled DNA synthesis assay. 

### Impairment of Fertility 

In a fertility and reproductive performance study in rats, mortality and decreased fertility were associated with administration of an oral dose of zaleplon of 100 mg/kg/day to males and females prior to and during mating. This dose is equivalent to 49 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 20 mg on a mg/m2 basis. Follow-up studies indicated that impaired fertility was due to an effect on the female.
OBJECTIVE: Intestinal fibrosis is considered an inevitable consequence of chronic IBD, leading to stricture formation and need for surgery. During the process of fibrogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) components critically regulate the function of mesenchymal cells. We characterised the composition and function of ECM in fibrostenosing Crohn's disease (CD) and control tissues.
DESIGN: Decellularised full-thickness intestinal tissue platforms were tested using three different protocols, and ECM composition in different tissue phenotypes was explored by proteomics and validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Primary human intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMFs) treated with milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) were evaluated regarding the mechanism of their antifibrotic response, and the action of MFGE8 was tested in two experimental intestinal fibrosis models.
RESULTS: We established and validated an optimal decellularisation protocol for intestinal IBD tissues. Matrisome analysis revealed elevated MFGE8 expression in CD strictured (CDs) tissue, which was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. Treatment with MFGE8 inhibited ECM production in normal control HIMF but not CDs HIMF. Next-generation sequencing uncovered functionally relevant integrin-mediated signalling pathways, and blockade of integrin αvβ5 and focal adhesion kinase rendered HIMF non-responsive to MFGE8. MFGE8 prevented and reversed experimental intestinal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo.
CONCLUSION: MFGE8 displays antifibrotic effects, and its administration may represent a future approach for prevention of IBD-induced intestinal strictures.
Systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids can produce reversible hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression with the potential for glucocorticosteroid insufficiency after withdrawal of treatment. Manifestations of Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria can also be produced in some patients by systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids while on treatment.

Patients applying a topical steroid to a large surface area or to areas under occlusion should be evaluated periodically for evidence of HPA axis suppression. This may be done by using the ACTH stimulation, A.M. plasma cortisol, and urinary free cortisol tests.

Hydrocortisone Valerate Cream USP, 0.2% has produced mild, reversible adrenal suppression in adult patients when used under occlusion for 5 days, 15 grams twice a day over 25 to 60% body surface area or when used three times a day over 20 to 30% body surface area to treat psoriasis for 3-4 weeks. If HPA axis suppression is noted, an attempt should be made to withdraw the drug, to reduce the frequency of application, or to substitute a less potent corticosteroid. Recovery of HPA axis function is generally prompt upon discontinuation of topical corticosteroids. Infrequently, signs and symptoms of glucocorticosteroid insufficiency may occur, requiring supplemental systemic corticosteroids. For information on systemic supplementation, see prescribing information for these products.

Pediatric patients may be more susceptible to systemic toxicity from equivalent doses due to their larger skin surface to body mass ratios (see PRECAUTIONS \- Pediatric Use).

If irritation develops, Hydrocortisone Valerate Cream USP, 0.2% should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Allergic contact dermatitis with corticosteroids is usually diagnosed by observing a failure to heal rather than noting a clinical exacerbation, as with most topical products not containing corticosteroids. Such an observation should be corroborated with appropriate diagnostic patch testing. If concomitant skin infections are present or develop, an appropriate antifungal or antibacterial agent should be used. If a favorable response does not occur promptly, use of Hydrocortisone Valerate Cream USP, 0.2% should be discontinued until the infection has been adequately controlled.
Depression and anxiety disorders have their pathophysiologies linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. In this context, celecoxib (CLX) and etoricoxib (ETR) inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), an enzyme expressed by cells involved in the inflammatory process and found in the brain. Studies have been using CLX as a possible drug in the treatment of depression, although its mechanisms at the central nervous system level are not fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of CLX and ETR on behavioral, oxidative, and inflammatory changes induced by systemic exposure to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were evaluated in adult male swiss mice. For ten days, the animals received intraperitoneal injections of LPS at 0.5 mg/kg. From the sixth to the tenth day, one hour after LPS exposure, they were treated orally with CLX (15 mg/kg), ETR (10 mg/kg), or fluoxetine (FLU) (20 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after the last oral administration, the animals underwent evaluation of locomotor activity (open field test), predictive tests for depressive-like behavior (forced swim and tail suspension tests), and anxiolytic-like effect (elevated plus maze and hole board tests). Subsequently, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and striatum were dissected for the measurement of oxidative and nitrosative parameters (malondialdehyde, nitrite, and glutathione) and quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6). LPS induced depressive and anxious-like behavior, and treatment with CLX or ETR was able to reverse most of the behavioral changes. It was evidenced that nitrosative stress and the degree of lipid peroxidation induced by LPS were reduced in different brain areas after treatment with the drugs, as well as the endogenous defense system against free radicals was strengthened. CLX and ETR also significantly reduced LPS-induced cytokine levels. These data are expected to expand information on the role of inflammation in depression and anxiety and provide insights into possible mechanisms of COX-2 inhibitors in psychiatric disorders with a neurobiological basis in inflammation and oxidative stress.