anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
When deciding among alternative treatments available for depression, the prescriber should consider the risk of hepatic failure associated with nefazodone hydrochloride tablets, USP treatment (see WARNINGS).

Initial Treatment

The recommended starting dose for nefazodone hydrochloride tablet, USP is 200 mg/day, administered in two divided doses (BID). In the controlled clinical trials establishing the antidepressant efficacy of nefazodone, the effective dose range was generally 300 to 600 mg/day. Consequently, most patients, depending on tolerability and the need for further clinical effect, should have their dose increased. Dose increases should occur in increments of 100 mg/day to 200 mg/day, again on a BID schedule, at intervals of no less than 1 week. As with all antidepressants, several weeks on treatment may be required to obtain a full antidepressant response.

Dosage for Elderly or Debilitated Patients

The recommended initial dose for elderly or debilitated patients is 100 mg/day, administered in two divided doses (BID). These patients often have reduced nefazodone clearance and/or increased sensitivity to the side effects of CNS-active drugs. It may also be appropriate to modify the rate of subsequent dose titration. As steady-state plasma levels do not change with age, the final target dose based on a careful assessment of the patient’s clinical response may be similar in healthy younger and older patients.

Maintenance/Continuation/Extended Treatment

There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long the depressed patient should be treated with nefazodone. It is generally agreed, however, that pharmacological treatment for acute episodes of depression should continue for up to 6 months or longer. Whether the dose of antidepressant needed to induce remission is identical to the dose needed to maintain euthymia is unknown. Systematic evaluation of the efficacy of nefazodone has shown that efficacy is maintained for periods of up to 36 weeks following 16 weeks of open-label acute treatment (treated for 52 weeks total) at dosages that averaged 438 mg/day. For most patients, their maintenance dose was that associated with response during acute treatment. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.) The safety of nefazodone in long-term use is supported by data from both double-blind and open-label trials involving more than 250 patients treated for at least one year. 

Switching Patients to or from a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor

At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of an MAOI and initiation of therapy with nefazodone. In addition, at least 7 days should be allowed after stopping nefazodone before starting an MAOI.
PURPOSE: The high prevalence of multimorbidity in aging societies has posed tremendous challenges to the healthcare system. The aim of our study was to comprehensively assess the association of multimorbidity patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among rural Chinese older adults.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Data from 4,579 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above was collected by the clinical examination and questionnaire survey. Information on 10 chronic conditions was collected and the 3-Level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L) was adopted to measure the HRQOL of older adults. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine multimorbidity patterns. Regression models were fitted to explore the associations of multimorbidity patterns with specific health dimensions and overall HRQOL.
RESULTS: A total of 2,503 (54.7%) participants suffered from multimorbidity, and they reported lower HRQOL compared to those without multimorbidity. Three kinds of multimorbidity patterns were identified including cardiovascular-metabolic diseases, psycho-cognitive diseases and organic diseases. The associations between psycho-cognitive diseases/organic diseases and overall HRQOL assessed by EQ-5D-3L index score were found to be significant (β = - 0.097, 95% CI - 0.110, - 0.084; β = - 0.030, 95% CI - 0.038, - 0.021, respectively), and psycho-cognitive diseases affected more health dimensions. The impact of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases on HRQOL was largely non-significant.
CONCLUSION: Multimorbidity was negatively associated with HRQOL among older adults from rural China. The presence of the psycho-cognitive diseases pattern or the organic diseases pattern contributed to worse HRQOL. The remarkable negative impact of psycho-cognitive diseases on HRQOL necessiates more attention and relevant medical assistance to older rural adults.
Cardiometabolic health is complex and characterized by an ensemble of correlated and/or co-occurring conditions including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. It is affected by social, lifestyle, and environmental factors, which in-turn exhibit complex correlation patterns. To account for the complexity of (i) exposure profiles and (ii) health outcomes, we propose to use a multitrait Bayesian variable selection approach and identify a sparse set of exposures jointly explanatory of the complex cardiometabolic health status. Using data from a subset (N = 941 participants) of the nutrition, environment, and cardiovascular health (NESCAV) study, we evaluated the link between measurements of the cumulative exposure to (N = 33) pollutants derived from hair and cardiometabolic health as proxied by up to nine measured traits. Our multitrait analysis showed increased statistical power, compared to single-trait analyses, to detect subtle contributions of exposures to a set of clinical phenotypes, while providing parsimonious results with improved interpretability. We identified six exposures that were jointly explanatory of cardiometabolic health as modeled by six complementary traits, of which, we identified strong associations between hexachlorobenzene and trifluralin exposure and adverse cardiometabolic health, including traits of obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This supports the use of this type of approach for the joint modeling, in an exposome context, of correlated exposures in relation to complex and multifaceted outcomes.
In response to the pressing requirement for precise and easily accessible COVID-19 detection methods, we present the Cough2COVID-19 framework, which is cost-effective, non-intrusive, and widely accessible. The conventional diagnostic methods, notably the PCR test, are encumbered by limitations such as cost and invasiveness. Consequently, the exploration of alternative solutions has gained momentum. Our innovative approach employs a multi-layer ensemble deep learning (MLEDL) framework that capitalizes on cough audio signals to achieve heightened efficiency in COVID-19 detection. This study introduces the Cough2COVID-19 framework, effectively addressing these challenges through AI-driven analysis. Additionally, this study proposed the CoughFeatureRanker algorithm, which delves into the robustness of pivotal features embedded within cough audios. The CoughFeatureRanker algorithm selects the most prominent features based on their optimal discriminatory performance from 15 features to detect COVID-19. The effectiveness of the CoughFeatureRanker algorithm within the ensemble framework is scrutinized, confirming its favorable influence on the accuracy of COVID-19 detection. The Cough2COVID-19 (MLEDL) framework achieves remarkable outcomes in COVID-19 detection through cough audio signals, boasting a specificity of 98%, sensitivity of 97%, accuracy of 98%, and an AUC score of 0.981. Our framework asserts its supremacy in precise non-invasive screening through an exhaustive comparison with cutting-edge methodologies. This groundbreaking innovation holds the potential to enhance urban resilience by transforming disease diagnosis, offering a significant approach to curtailing transmission risks and facilitating timely interventions in the ongoing battle against the pandemic.
Patients in the Endoscopic Variceal Ligation group were compared with an historical cohort of 30 consecutive patients with portal hypertension and grade 2 or 3 esophageal varices or red spots who received propranolol as primary prophylaxis from January 2009 to December 2013. All patients were treatment-naïve in regards of their upper gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis at the time of the first upper endoscopy.
Road accidents and infection-causing diseases during bone surgery are serious problems in orthopedics, and thus, addressing these pressing challenges is crucial. In the present study, the 70S30C calcium silicate bioactive material (BM) is synthesized by a sustainable approach employing a precipitation method using recycled rice husk and eggshells as a precursor of silica and calcium. Further, 70S30C BM is composited with sodium alginate (SA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the films were prepared by solvent casting method. The composite films were prepared without the addition of acid, binder, and crosslinking agents. Further, the films were characterized by BET, XRD, ATR-FTIR, SEM, and EDS mapping. The in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation study is performed in the simulated body fluid (SBF). The in vitro haemolysis study is executed using human blood and the results demonstrate haemocompatibility of the composite films. The ex ovo CAM assay also exhibits good neovascularization. The in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility assay proves its non-toxic nature. Further, the in vivo study reveals that the engineered composite film demonstrates accelerated osteogenesis. This work broadens the orthopedic potential of the composite film and offers bioactivity, haemocompatibility, angiogenesis, non-toxicity, and in vivo osteogenesis which would serve as a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering application.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined by the International Continence Society as urinary frequency and urgency, with or without urge urinary incontinence. The burden of OAB on the American public is immense in both human and financial terms. Despite this burden, there is a lack of effective diagnostic and treatment modalities for OAB. Other than two-dimensional video urodynamics, which has remained relatively unchanged for decades, there is a lack of diagnostic modalities that will allow investigators to characterize subtypes of OAB and measure the effects of treatment on bladder physiology. Newer imaging techniques are desperately needed to help guide treatment and predict and improve outcomes of different treatment modalities. Intravesical botulinum toxin is a minimally invasive treatment for OAB refractory to medical therapy. Despite the widespread use of intravesical botulinum toxin injection for OAB refractory to medical therapy, to date the optimal placement of the drug has not been determined. Typically ten injections are given, either dispersed evenly across the bladder or in two rows of five injections. However, it remains unknown which injection method will optimize outcomes and reduce the risk of urinary retention after Botox®. This lack of knowledge is a direct result of the fact that there has been no mechanism to study the effect of Botox® on bladder filling and emptying in a three-dimensional fashion. CineMRI-UDS will provide this mechanism, and has the potential to significantly improve care and urologic education by enhancing the understanding of bladder physiology.
Currently in the three countries, Sudan, Kenya and Ethiopia many of the patients present themselves in remote areas and need to be treated in relative resource poor settings. It is for this reason that standardised treatment with proven efficacy is much needed. A shorter course of treatment is not only advantageous for the patient but also reduces the overall case load in the clinics thus reducing the risk of disease outbreaks in already immuno-compromised kala-azar patients. Paromomycin, either alone or in combination with SSG would decrease the treatment duration substantially. An additional added value of combination therapy is that it is likely to reduce the chances of development of parasite resistance against the individual drugs.

Leishmaniasis experts in the three countries are in agreement that there are potential benefits of the combination treatment of SSG and PM and that its efficacy should be evaluated with the view to introduce this protocol if proven efficacious and safe. There is ample circumstantial evidence of the use of this combination therapy and its efficacy and tolerability as a standardized protocol. This can only be confirmed through a randomised controlled study with 6 months follow up.
OBJECTIVES: Unresectable ampullary cancer (AC) is a rare disease entity. The risk factors for recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) following endoscopic biliary stenting (EBS) for unresectable AC remain unknown. In this study we aimed to evaluate the cumulative RBO rate and to identify risk factors for RBO following palliative EBS in patients with unresectable AC.
METHODS: This multicenter retrospective observational study enrolled consecutive patients with unresectable AC who had undergone palliative EBS between April 2011 and December 2021. The cumulative rate of and risk factors for RBO following palliative EBS were evaluated via multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: The study analysis comprised 107 patients with a median age of 84 years (interquartile range 79-88 years). Plastic stents (PSs) and self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) were placed in 53 and 54 patients, respectively. Functional success was accomplished in 104 (97.2%) patients. Of these, RBO occurred in 62 (59.6%) patients, with obstruction and complete/partial migration occurring in 47 and 15 patients, respectively. The median time to RBO was 190 days. Multivariate analysis showed that PS was associated with a higher rate of RBO compared to SEMS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.48; P < 0.01) and that the presence of common bile duct stones/sludge immediately after EBS was an independent risk factor for RBO (HR 1.99; P = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: The use of SEMS compared to PS during EBS reduced the time to RBO in patients with unresectable AC. Common bile duct stones/sludge immediately after EBS was a risk factor for RBO.
200 patients with LBP looking for physiotherapy treatment in 15 clinics at Maccabi Healthcare Service in Israel will be recruited. (100 after competion individual therapy, 100 after competion of group therapy). As part of the regular routine in these clinics, patients will be asked to fill the LFSQ, a questionnaire which deals with their back functional status, their level of pain and fear avoidance of physical activity before and after treatment. In the present study, patients will be asked to fill the LFSQ again, 6 months after treatment completion. In two weeks from treatment completion, patients will be interviewed on the telephone. The interview will focuse on their sensation of how they have been helped. It will include an open-ended question and 18 closed questions.

The main study variables will include: participants' perception of functional status, level pain, level of fear avoidance of physical activity, patient-therapist bonding, and helpful therapeutic impacts (client's sense of how she or he has been helped).
Seventeen patients will be submitted to rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using the mini Hyrax expander. The activation protocol will be 2 turns a day up to obtain transverse overcorrection.
1331819 Quaternary ammonium copolymers GAF CORP 19 April 1971 [30 Jan 1970] 20577/71 Heading C3P A polymer useful e.g. as a component of a hair spray comprises units derived from a monomer of formula  together with N-vinylpyrrolidone units and optionally units of another copolymerizable monomer, the molar proportions of the three types of unit being 1-80%, 20-99% and 0-50% respectively. In the formula R 1  is H or CH 3 , R 2  is CxH 2 x where x = 2-18, R 3  is CH 3 , C 2 H 5  or t-C 4 H 9 , R 4  is CH 3 , C 2 H 5  or C 6 H 5 CH 2 , X is Cl, Br, I, HSO 4  or CH 3 SO 3 , and y is 0 or 1. The polymers are prepared by copolymerizing, by conventional methods, N-vinylpyrrolidone, the tertiary amino ester or ether corresponding to the above formula and optionally the third monomer, then treating the resulting copolymer with a conventional quaternizing agent. Examples describe the polymerization in ethanol solution, using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator, of N-vinylpyrrolidone with dimethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate, dimethylaminobutyl acrylate, diethylaminooctyl acrylate, diethylaminolauryl methacrylate or diethylaminostearyl methacrylate, or with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and methyl vinyl ether, octyl vinyl ether, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride or methacrylonitrile. The polymers are then quaternized with dimethyl sulphate, ethyl sulphonic acid, diethyl sulphate, benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide, or benzyl iodide.
This group will follow the clinics standard rehab protocol, wherein they have a knee orthosis for six weeks, with flexion limited to 0-30 degress week 0-2, 0-60 degrees week 2-4 and 0-90 degrees week 4-6. Crouching is not permitted week 6-12.
Daily intake by healthy volunteers of 2 dosages of LAMBR2 spray during 2 weeks. Probiotic nasal spray.
BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines is generally reduced in cancer patients compared to the general population. However, there are only a few studies that compare the relative risk of breakthrough infections and severe COVID-19 outcomes in fully vaccinated cancer patients versus their unvaccinated counterparts.
METHODS: To assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients, we employed (1) a self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) design, and (2) a retrospective matched cohort design. A SCRI design was used to compare the risk of breakthrough infection in vaccinated cancer patients during the period immediately following vaccination ("control window") and the period in which immunity is achieved ("exposure windows"). The retrospective matched cohort design was used to compare the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated cancer patients. For both studies, data were extracted from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID-19-National Health Insurance Service cohort, including demographics, medical history, and vaccination records of all individuals confirmed with COVID-19. We used conditional Poisson regression to calculate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection and Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for severe outcomes.
RESULTS: Of 14,448 cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between October 2020 and December 2021, a total of 217 and 3996 cancer patients were included in the SCRI and cohort study respectively. While the risk of breakthrough infections, measured by the incidence rate in the control and exposure windows, did not show statistically significant difference in vaccinated cancer patients (IRR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.64-1.22), the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes was significantly lower in vaccinated cancer patients compared to those unvaccinated (HR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.22-0.34).
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce the risk of severe outcomes in cancer patients, though their efficacy against breakthrough infections is less evident.
BACKGROUND Craniopharyngioma is a rare, partly cystic embryonic malformation of the sellar and parasellar region and is usually benign. This report is of a 55-year-old woman presenting with a second diagnosis of craniopharyngioma following diagnosis and successful treatment of craniopharyngioma as a 5-year-old child. CASE REPORT Our patient was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma at age 5 when she presented with headaches accompanied by nausea and vomiting, decreased visual acuity, polyurea, and polydipsia for 6 months. She was found to have diplopia and grade II papilledema. A skull X-ray showed separation of the sutures and a calcified mass in the suprasellar region. A pneumoencephalogram showed extension of the tumor into the third ventricle. Surgery was performed via transcallosal approach followed by radiotherapy at 5000 rays. She was followed up clinically and radiologically and had been disease-free until age 55, when she presented with headache and facial numbness. On examination, she had right-eye Horner syndrome, decreased sensation in the right side of the face, diplopia, and grade 2 facial palsy. An MRI revealed interval significant recurrence of the craniopharyngioma at the sellar/suprasellar mass with extension to the right Meckel's cave and the right posterior fossa. On April 6, 2023, she underwent surgical resection through a right-sided craniotomy and Kawase approach. This was followed by CyberKnife radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS This report has presented a rare recurrence of craniopharyngioma with a 50-year interval and has highlighted the challenges in the diagnosis and the multidisciplinary approach to patient diagnosis and management.
BACKGROUND: Paediatric traumatic duodenal hematoma is a rare type of blunt abdominal injury for which treatment strategies are controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the application value of nonoperative management of paediatric duodenal hematoma caused by trauma.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with duodenal hematoma with a confirmed history of abdominal trauma admitted to our hospital between January 2010 and December 2022. General patient information, including age, sex, cause of injury, clinical manifestations, and treatment outcomes, was recorded.
RESULTS: A total of 11 cases were included in this study, with 6 males and 5 females. School-age children (≥6 years) accounted for 72.7% (8/11) of the cases. Bicycle handlebar injuries accounted for 63.6% (7/11) of cases. Among these cases, 5 (45.5%) were classified as American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade I, while the remaining were classified as grade II. The median history time was 1 day (range: 2 h-12 days). All patients were successfully treated using non-operative methods. The median time to oral feeding after injury was 17 days (range: 9-32 days). Oral feeding was initiated within 2 weeks in 2 patients (18.2%), within 3 weeks in 6 patients (54.5%), and within 4 weeks in 10 patients (90.9%).
CONCLUSION: Paediatric traumatic duodenal hematoma is more common in school-aged children, mainly due to bicycle handlebar injuries. Nonoperative treatment is proven to be safe and effective, with duodenal obstruction symptoms typically resolving within 4 weeks.
A chemical specie is immobilized in a three dimensional, crosslinked matrix by bringing together in covalent bonding proximity a desired chemical specie and a polymeric coupling compound such as a photoderivatized polymer having at least two latent photochemical reactive groups per molecule, each latent reactive group being capable when activated of covalently bonding to another coupling compound molecule or to the chemical specie. The chemical specie may be a protein, carbohydrate, nucleic acid or lipid, and desirably is free of latent reactive groups that are activated upon activation of the latent reactive groups of the coupling compound. The latent reactive groups are simultaneously activated to cause formation via covalent bonding of a three-dimensional molecular network in which molecules of the chemical specie are covalently bonded to molecules of the coupling compound, and molecules of the coupling compound are covalently bonded to each other. The matrix containing the covalently bonded chemical specie may be contacted with a different chemical specie under conditions to incorporate the specie into the matrix in unbound form so that it can be gradually released from the matrix. In a preferred embodiment, the covelently bonded chemical specis is an antithrombic agent and the inbound chemical specil is an antibiotic. Preferably, the three dimensional matrix is formed as a coating upon a surface to which covalent bonds are formed upon activation of the latent reactive groups of the coupling compound.