anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Childhood flatfoot and overweight can affect children's quality of life and influence their development, increasing the risk of musculoskeletal problems in adulthood. There is evidence linking overweight to the development of childhood flatfoot. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the weight status of school children and their foot posture and to determine whether there are differences between both sexes.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study (2021) in a sample of schoolchildren (n=296, 153 boys and 143 girls, mean age 8.5±2.7) from Colegio San Agustín in Zaragoza was carried out. Foot posture was assessed according to the foot postural index, and weight status was obtained using the body mass index according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. The correlation between weight status and foot posture was analyzed using Spearman's coefficient. The Chi-square test was used to determine the differences between the variables according to sex.
RESULTS: Weight status showed no correlation with foot posture in boys (right foot p=0.095; left foot p=0.067) and girls (right foot p=-0.04; left foot p=0.008). Boys had a higher prevalence of flat feet than girls (boys foot posture index=8; girls foot posture index=7; right foot p<0.036; left foot p<0.009). Boys had higher prevalence of overweight than girls (28.75; 18.18, p<0.027).
CONCLUSIONS: Weight status has no effect on foot posture. The male gender could predispose to the development of flat feet and overweight in childhood.
The calculated dose should then be removed and added to any appropriate intravenous solution at a volume selected for administration during each 1 hour infusion. Infusion concentrations of approximately 7 mg/mL or lower are recommended. In clinical studies, the average 70 kg adult received between 60 and 150 mL of fluid per dose. Higher concentrations (e.g., 10 mg/mL) may produce phlebitis or inflammation at the injection site upon inadvertent extravasation. Standard, commercially available electrolyte and glucose solutions are suitable for intravenous administration; biologic or colloidal fluids (e.g., blood products, protein solutions, etc.) are not recommended. 

Once diluted for administration, each dose should be used within 24 hours.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal ointment with antibacterial and antipruritic effects and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese medicinal ointment comprises the following raw materials: amur corktree bark, lightyellow sophora root, common ducksmeat herb, aloe, argy wormwood leaf, fineleaf schizonepeta herb, borneol and the like. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the Chinese medicinal ointment, which comprises the following steps: preparing a water phase from the amur corktree bark, the lightyellow sophora root, the common ducksmeat herb and the aloe; collecting volatile oil from the argy wormwood leaf and the fineleaf schizonepeta herb; grinding the borneol into fine powder; preparing an oil phase from cetyl alcohol, vaseline and glycerin; and preparing the ointment by normal working procedures. When the Chinese medicinal ointment is prepared, a water decoction heat filter method and a steam distillation method are respectively adopted to make effective medicaments give full play. When used, the Chinese medicinal ointment has the characteristics that the medicaments are directly acted on disease positions; and the response is quick. The ointment of the invention has good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects and is in a dose-response relationship. The long-term toxicity research proves that the Chinese medicinal ointment is safe.
Study participation will involve 2 visits. The first visit will take approximately 90 minutes, but may be longer if participant desires longer interaction with the DSI/DA. The second visit will take approximately 5 minutes.
Smartphone Impact Scale (SIS) was originally developed in English to determine the cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts of smartphones in everyday life. The purpose of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the SIS instrument into Turkish and investigate its psychometric properties. Two hundred healthy young adults will include. For cross-cultural adaptation, two bi-lingual translators used the back-translation procedure. Within a 5-to-7-day period after the first assessment, the participants completed the Turkish version of SIS (SIS-T) to evaluate test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to assess internal consistency. The correlations with the Turkish version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-T) and Turkish version of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP-T) will determine to check the validity.
PCT No. PCT/AU91/00160 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 27, 1991 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 27, 1991 PCT Filed Apr. 24, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/16010 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 31, 1991.A composite living skin equivalent is described comprising an epidermal layer of cultured keratinocyte cells, a layer of non-porous collagen, and a dermal layer of cultured fibroblast cells in a porous cross-linked collagen sponge matrix. Preferably the non-porous collagen is Type 1, Type 3 or mixtures of Types 1 and 3 bovine collagen, which has been pepsin treated. A process for preparing the skin equivalent is described, as well as a test kit for in vitro testing of the skin equivalent. The skin equivalent has use for skin grafting as well as in vitro testing of the effects of various substances on skin.
During wakefulness pharyngeal dilator muscles (dilators) provide the necessary force to permit an adequate flow in all subjects regardless of how collapsible their passive pharynx is. This dilator activity is substantially lost at sleep onset. Subjects in whom the passive pharynx cannot permit adequate ventilation must recruit dilators through reflex mechanisms if they are to remain asleep. Dilators can be recruited reflexly via changes in blood gas tensions and in afferent activity of pharyngeal mechanoreceptors.

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) develop repetitive obstructive events during which air flow decreases substantially (hypopneas) or ceases altogether (apneas). These last from 10 to \>60 seconds following which there is a substantial increase in ventilation (hyperventilatory phase) that lasts for several breaths. The cycle then repeats. Arousal from sleep occurs at some point during the hyperventilatory phase in the vast majority of obstructive respiratory events. However it has been shown that in the majority of OSA patients, the reflex mechanisms are competent and can deal with the obstruction without arousal. The respiratory drive must increase a finite amount before the upper airway muscles begin responding to increasing respiratory drive, and often the patient wakes up first. Thus, when a subject with a narrowed or more compliant pharynx falls asleep and obstructs his/her airway, blood gas tensions must deteriorate a threshold amount before the pharyngeal dilators begin responding. Once this threshold is reached, the dilators respond briskly to further changes in blood gas tensions and open the airway. This threshold was termed the Effective Recruitment Threshold (TER).

The basis for this research project is that if respiratory drive can be maintained at or near the threshold, the dilators would respond promptly to any obstruction and there would be little further increase in respiratory drive during obstruction.We estimate that the required increase in drive can be attained by simply raising carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2) 2-3 mmHg, a highly tolerable increase. We intend to increase respiratory drive on a continuous basis, beginning before sleep by asking the participants to breath through a regular continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mask with added dead space.

To increase dead-space we will modify commercial rebreathing bags used for oxygen therapy so that the amount of rebreathing can be adjustable. This should raise arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) a few millimetres of mercury (mmHg) in the steady state. Upon sleep, the respiratory drive would be at or above TER in nearly half the patients. Should the airway obstruct, the dilator muscles would be in a position to respond promptly, preventing an acute further rise in respiratory drive. This will reduce the frequency of obstructive respiratory events by \>50% in at least half the patients, and improve sleep quality and nocturnal oxygen saturation.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most effective treatment for severe obesity. A very low-calorie diet (VLCD) is another effective dietary intervention to treat obesity. This study evaluated the effect of a VLCD versus RYGB on weight reduction, changes in body composition and the resolution of comorbidities during a 12-week period. Individuals with obesity at the obesity clinic, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 or ≥32.5 kg/m2 with obesity-related complications were recruited. Treatment options, either RYGB or VLCD, were assigned depending on patients' preferences and physicians' judgment. The analysis included 16 participants in the RYGB group and 15 participants in the VLCD group. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups; nevertheless, the participants in the VLCD group were significantly younger than those in the RYGB group. The number of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) was slightly higher in the RYGB group (43.8% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.552). Additionally, patients in the RYGB group had a longer duration of T2D and were treated with anti-diabetic agents, while VLCD patients received only lifestyle modifications. At 12 weeks, total and percentage weight loss in the RYGB and VLCD groups, respectively, were as follows: -17.6 ± 6.0 kg vs. -15.6 ± 5.1 kg (p = 0.335) and -16.2% ± 4.3% vs. -14.1% ± 3.6% (p = 0.147). Changes in biochemical data and the resolution of comorbidities were similar between the groups at 12 weeks. A 12-week VLCD resulted in similar weight loss and metabolic improvement compared with RYGB. Large-scale studies with long follow-up periods are needed to elucidate whether VLCD is a viable alternative treatment to bariatric surgery.
BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between changes in retinal thickness and cognition in people with MS (PwMS), exploring the predictive value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) markers of neuroaxonal damage for global cognitive decline at different periods of disease.
METHOD: We quantified the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre (pRFNL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform (GCIPL) layers thicknesses of 207 PwMS and performed neuropsychological evaluations. The cohort was divided based on disease duration (≤5 years or >5 years). We studied associations between changes in OCT and cognition over time, and assessed the risk of cognitive decline of a pRFNL≤88 µm or GCIPL≤77 µm and its predictive value.
RESULTS: Changes in pRFNL and GCIPL thickness over 3.2 years were associated with evolution of cognitive scores, in the entire cohort and in patients with more than 5 years of disease (p<0.01). Changes in cognition were related to less use of disease-modifying drugs, but not OCT metrics in PwMS within 5 years of onset. A pRFNL≤88 µm was associated with earlier cognitive disability (3.7 vs 9.9 years) and higher risk of cognitive deterioration (HR=1.64, p=0.022). A GCIPL≤77 µm was not associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline, but a trend was observed at ≤91.5 µm in PwMS with longer disease (HR=1.81, p=0.061).
CONCLUSIONS: The progressive retinal thinning is related to cognitive decline, indicating that cognitive dysfunction is a late manifestation of accumulated neuroaxonal damage. Quantifying the pRFNL aids in identifying individuals at risk of cognitive dysfunction.
Subjects in this group were subjects enrolled in the 10PN-PD-DIT-043 (NCT00861380 - EUDRACT 2008-005149-48) study, aged 12 to 18 months at enrolment. Subjects received the Havrix (called also HAV) vaccine according to a 2-dose vaccination with an interval of at least and preferably 6 months between doses (12-18M Schedule). The vaccine was administered intramuscularly in the thigh or in the deltoid region of upper arm, provided the muscle size was adequate.
Within 3 hours prior to surgery, patient will orally ingest \[or be given via Nasogastric (NG), Orogastric (OG), or Gastric tube (G-tube)\] 1.5 Gm. placebo - ascorbic acid in 50 ml sterile water.
PCT No. PCT/JP95/01139 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 11, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 11, 1996 PCT Filed Jun. 7, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/02549 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 1, 1996The present invention relates to a substituted thiazolo[3,2-a]azepine derivative having inhibitory activity against angiotensin I converting enzyme and neutral endpeptidase. The above substituted thiazolo[3,2-a]azepine derivative is represented by the following general formula (I):    <IMAGE>  (I)  (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of a thiol group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a hetroaryl group which may have a substituent, a lower alkoxyl group or a lower alkylthio group; R3, R4 and R5 may be the same or different from one another and represent each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxyl group, a lower alkylthio group or the like, with the proviso that the case wherein all of R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen atoms are excepted; R6 and R7 may be the same or different from each other and represent each a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R8 represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of a carboxyl group; and m and m are each independently 0 or, 1 or 2).
BACKGROUND: Up to 1/3 of patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) may develop ophthalmoplegia. Although zoster-related ophthalmoplegia (ZO) is typically treated with antiviral agents, there is controversy regarding the therapeutic role of systemic steroids.
METHODS: This was a retrospective case series and case report-based systematic review. For the case series, participants were recruited from tertiary neuro-ophthalmology clinics. Eligible participants were those who developed cranial nerve palsies (CNP) within 1 month of HZO diagnosis. In the systematic review, all adults with ZO in the literature who were treated with antivirals or steroids only, or combination therapy were included. Main outcomes were initial presentation, investigations, neuroimaging, treatment regimen, and final outcomes of ophthalmoplegia.
RESULTS: Eleven immunocompetent patients with ZO were included. The most common CNP was CN III (5/11), followed by CN VI (2/11) and CN IV (2/11). One patient had multiple CNPs. All patients were treated with antivirals, and 4 also treated with a short course of oral steroids. At 6-month follow-up, 75% of patients treated with combination therapy and 85.7% treated with antivirals alone had complete recovery of ZO. The systematic review identified 63 studies consisting of 76 cases of ZO. When comparing patients treated with antivirals with those treated with antivirals and steroids, patients on combination therapy had more severe ocular findings, including complete ophthalmoplegia ( P < 0.001). Age was the only significant predictor of complete recovery of ophthalmoplegia on multivariable logistic regression ( P = 0.037).
CONCLUSIONS: The rate of complete recovery in immunocompetent patients with ZO was similar in patients treated with antivirals alone vs those treated with antivirals and oral steroids. The systematic literature review affirmed these findings. However, age may influence recovery of ophthalmoplegia.
Electroacupuncture (EA) at the Neiguan acupoint (PC6) has shown significant cardioprotective effects. Sympathetic nerves play an important role in maintaining cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). Previous studies have found that EA treatment may improve cardiac function by modulating sympathetic remodeling after MI. However, the mechanism in how EA affects sympathetic remodeling and improves cardiac function remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the cardioprotective mechanism of EA after myocardial ischemic injury by improving sympathetic remodeling and promoting macrophage M2 polarization. We established a mouse model of MI by occluding coronary arteries in male C57/BL6 mice. EA treatment was performed at the PC6 with current intensity (1 mA) and frequency (2/15 Hz). Cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography. Heart rate variability in mice was assessed via standard electrocardiography. Myocardial fibrosis was evaluated by Sirius red staining. Levels of inflammatory factors were assessed using RT-qPCR. Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed through ELISA, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining. Macrophage polarization was evaluated using flow cytometry. Our results indicated that cardiac systolic function improved significantly after EA treatment, with an increase in fractional shortening and ejection fraction. Myocardial fibrosis was significantly mitigated in the EA group. The sympathetic nerve marker tyrosine hydroxylase and the nerve sprouting marker growth-associated Protein 43 were significantly reduced in the EA group, indicating that sympathetic remodeling was significantly reduced. EA treatment also promoted macrophage M2 polarization, reduced levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and decreased macrophage-associated nerve growth factor in myocardial tissue. To sum up, our results suggest that EA at PC6 attenuates sympathetic remodeling after MI to promote macrophage M2 polarization and improve cardiac function.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of early castration and eucalyptus oil (EUC) supplementation on dry matter intake (DMI), growth performance, and immune response of Holstein calves. Fifty-six male Holstein calves 52 d old and with an initial body weight (BW) of 63.5 ± 5.27 kg were used. The animals were blocked by BW and randomly assigned into 1 of the 4 treatment groups in a randomized complete block design with a 2 (no castration vs. castration) × 2 (without vs. with EUC) factorial arrangement of treatments. The treatments were (1) uncastrated calves fed without EUC, (2) uncastrated calves fed 0.5 g/d EUC (EUC group), (3) castrated calves (steers) fed without EUC (castrated group), and (4) steers fed with 0.5 g/d EUC (castrated + EUC). The experiment was 8 wk long, including pre- and postweaning (weaned at 72 d). The EUC × castrated interactions were not significant for DMI, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immune response. Castration did not affect the DMI, final BW, average daily gain (ADG), or feed efficiency, except that the ADG was greater for bull calves than for steers at postweaning. Supplementation with EUC increased DMI pre- and postweaning and increased the ADG of weaned calves. Digestibility in the total digestive tract was not affected by castration (except for organic matter digestibility), whereas adding EUC improved the digestibility of dry matter, acid detergent fiber, and crude protein. Blood concentration of IL-6 at d 94 was decreased by feeding EUC. These results indicate that the EUC could be fed to either intact or castrated dairy calves to promote growth and health postweaning; castration before weaning may reduce ADG and cause inflammatory stress without affecting feed intake or feed efficiency.
Unconsciousness is common after an acute brain injury such as a brain hemorrhage, and recovery is poorly understood. This lack of knowledge is a key impediment to the development of novel strategies to improve outcomes and is one of the main reasons that prognostication of recovery of consciousness and functional outcomes is inaccurate. One-fifth of clinically unconscious patients with acute brain injury are able to follow commands using a simple, bedside EEG motor imagery test that directly measures brain activity associated with the attempt to move. This state is called cognitive motor dissociation (CMD). Pilot data indicate that CMD patients are more likely to clinically recover consciousness and have better longterm functional outcomes than non-CMD patients. To integrate these findings into clinical practice, there is a need to better understand the trajectory of CMD. This will only be possible in a tightly-controlled study with a homogenous patient cohort that is well characterized early after the injury and captures long-term outcomes.

RECONFIG is a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional observational study in patients who have a clinical diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and that are unresponsive at the time of enrollment. One hundred and fifty subjects will be recruited over 4 years at 2 sites. Subjects will be assessed with behavioral measures and MRI during the acute hospitalization. Patients will be followed for 6 months to determine the functional outcome (primary outcome measure). Additionally, the investigator will study conscious intracerebral hemorrhage patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and aphasia to determine the impact of aphasia.
Obesity has increased dramatically worldwide. Being overweight or obese can lead to various conditions, including dyslipidaemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and metabolic syndrome (MetS), which may further lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have identified a link between β-cell dysfunction and the severity of MetS, with multiple organs and tissues affected. Identifying the associations between pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and organs is critical. Research has focused on the interaction between the liver, gut and pancreatic β-cells. However, the mechanisms and related core targets are still not perfectly elucidated. The aims of this review were to summarize the mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction and to explore the potential pathogenic pathways and targets that connect the liver, gut, adipose tissue, muscle, and brain to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
In dyeing keratin-contg. substances or tissues with a dyestuff or co-reagent having a ketone- or aldehyde function, colour formation is intensified by also applying a sulphoxy gp.-contg. aminoacid, (I), before, during or after treatment with the dye or co-reagent. The materials can be used (1) in cosmetics, for skin-tanning and for dyeing nails and hair, (2) for dyeing furs and feathers and (3) for colouring horn, scale or tortoise-shell articles. A uniform shade is obtd. The colour resists washing and is developed more quickly. (I) are more soluble in water than thioaminoacids, whereby more solns. can be used. The sulphoxide function allows penetration and fixation of (I), and derived dye complex, in horn layer. (I)-derived compsns. are odourless.
The present invention provides nucleotide sequences, methods and compositions that enable the experimental determination as to whether any gene in the genome of Aspergillus fumigatus is essential, and whether that gene is required for virulence or pathogenicity. The methods involve the construction of genetic mutants in which a target gene is placed under conditional expression. The identification of essential genes and those genes critical to the development of virulent infections, provides a basis for the development of screens for new drugs against Aspergillus fumigatus. The present invention further provides Aspergillus fumigatus genes that are essential and are potential targets for drug screening. The nucleotide sequence of the target genes can be used for various drug discovery purposes, such as expression of the recombinant protein, hybridization assay and construction of nucleic acid arrays. The uses of proteins encoded by the essential genes, and genetically engineered cells comprising modified alleles of essential genes in various screening methods are also encompassed by the invention.