anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Headaches (HA) and wide spread pain are some of the most common debilitating symptoms in Gulf War Veterans (GWV) with Gulf War Illness (GWI). Migraine like HA and diffuse body pain were detected in 64% of GWV with GWI. This high prevalence of chronic HA and diffuse body pain conditions are often associated with neuropsychological dysfunction in mood, attention, memory and other systemic symptoms, which cast a profound negative impact on patients' quality of life. Unfortunately, conventional pharmacological treatments for GWI related headaches and pain (GWI-HAP) has not been shown to be effective and drugs such as narcotics contain many long term untoward psychosomatic and abusive side effects. Therefore, developing and validating non-invasive and low risk innovative treatment for this patient population is warranted. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is currently a US FDA approved treatment for major depression and migraine HA.
Dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis occurs in multiple types of tumors and promotes cancer progression. Investigating the specific processes that induce abnormal cholesterol metabolism could identify therapeutic targets to improve cancer treatment. In this investigation, we observed upregulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), a vital enzyme involved in the synthesis of cholesterol, within bladder cancer tissues in comparison to normal tissues, which was correlated with increased bladder cancer metastasis. Increased expression of DHCR7 in bladder cancer was attributed to decreased mRNA degradation mediated by YTHDF2. Loss or inhibition of DHCR7 reduced bladder cancer cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, DHCR7 promoted bladder cancer metastasis by activating the cAMP/protein kinase A/FAK pathway. Specifically, DHCR7 increased cAMP levels by elevating cholesterol content in lipid rafts, thereby facilitating the transduction of signaling pathways mediated by cAMP receptors. DHCR7 additionally enhanced the cAMP signaling pathway by reducing the concentration of 7-dehydrocholesterol and promoting the transcription of the G protein-coupled receptor, namely gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor. Overall, these findings demonstrate that DHCR7 plays an important role in bladder cancer invasion and metastasis by modulating cholesterol synthesis and cAMP signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of DHCR7 shows promise as a viable therapeutic strategy for suppressing bladder cancer invasion and metastasis. Significance: Inhibiting DHCR7 induces cholesterol metabolism reprogramming and lipid raft remodeling to inactivate the cAMP/protein kinase A/FAK axis and suppress bladder cancer metastasis, indicating the therapeutic potential of targeting DHCR7.
Tarceva (Erlotinib hydrochloride) + Radiation Therapy. Tarceva 150 mg by mouth every day beginning Day 1. Whole Brain Radiation Therapy (WBRT) for total dose of 3500cGy in 14 daily fractions beginning after Day 6.
Cytokines regulate immune responses essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, as deregulated cytokine signaling can lead to detrimental outcomes, including inflammatory disorders. The antioxidants emerge as promising therapeutic agents because they mitigate oxidative stress and modulate inflammatory pathways. Antioxidants can potentially ameliorate inflammation-related disorders by counteracting excessive cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses. A comprehensive understanding of cytokine-mediated inflammatory pathways and the interplay with antioxidants is paramount for developing natural therapeutic agents targeting inflammation-related disorders and helping to improve clinical outcomes and enhance the quality of life for patients. Among these antioxidants, curcumin, vitamin C, vitamin D, propolis, allicin, and cinnamaldehyde have garnered attention for their anti-inflammatory properties and potential therapeutic benefits. This review highlights the interrelationship between cytokines-mediated disorders in various diseases and therapeutic approaches involving antioxidants.
Chylothorax after cardiac surgery is a rare complication associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This report documents successful treatment with percutaneous thoracic duct embolization for chylothorax after total arch replacement. A 69-year-old man underwent replacement of the aortic arch to treat a ruptured aortic aneurysm. After surgery, the left thoracic drain discharged 2,000 to 3,000 mL serosanguineous fluid per day, even though the patient took nothing orally and was administered subcutaneous octreotide therapy. On postoperative day 9, percutaneous thoracic duct embolization was performed, and the drain could be removed. The chylothorax did not recur, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 17.
A system and method for storing items and tracking usage of items in a user configurable medication dispensing cabinet is disclosed. Items are stored in a tray or drawer having user-adjustable storage spaces. A graphical user interface comprising a touch screen enables users to rapidly customize the layout of storage spaces, which allows a wide variety of shapes and sizes of items to be stored in the tray. A kit of items that are identified in advance may be removed more efficiently by ordering removal based on the location of the storage spaces in which the items are stored. Items not identified in advance may be removed and tracked more efficiently through the use of the graphical user interface or a scanner for reading machine-readable identification tags on the items or the storage spaces. Bar codes and RFED devices are contemplated for use as identification tags.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common worldwide and is strongly associated with peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The eradication rate of H. pylori treatment is limited in the recent years although standard first-line therapy is used. There is a growing antibiotic resistance due to antibiotic consumption for other infections. The failure of first-line therapy for H. pylori can significantly limit the efficacy of the subsequent rescue therapies.

H. pylori resistance to amoxicillin (AMO), both primary and acquired, have been reported to be uncommon. The bactericidal effect of AMO against H. pylori is pH- and time- dependent with a sustaining higher intragastric pH. Thus, the therapy consisting of high-dose PPI and AMO may have advantage over the currently recommended furazolidone-based quadruple therapy.
Polyacrylic acid (PAA), an organic chemical, has been used as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It has been suggested recently that PAA has a high pulmonary inflammatory and fibrotic potential. Although endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced by various external and intracellular stimuli, there have been no reports examining the relationship between PAA-induced lung injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress. F344 rats were intratracheally instilled with dispersed PAA (molecular weight: 269,000) at low (0.5 mg/mL) and high (2.5 mg/mL) doses, and they were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after exposure. PAA caused extensive inflammation and fibrotic changes in the lungs' histopathology over a month following instillation. Compared to the control group, the mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers Bip and Chop in BALF were significantly increased in the exposure group. In fluorescent immunostaining, both Bip and Chop exhibited co-localization with macrophages. Intratracheal instillation of PAA induced neutrophil inflammation and fibrosis in the rat lung, suggesting that PAA with molecular weight 269,000 may lead to pulmonary disorder. Furthermore, the presence of endoplasmic reticulum stress in macrophages was suggested to be involved in PAA-induced lung injury.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tacky adhesive tape for medical treatment which less damages the corny damage of the skin and has sufficient tacky adhesive strength to adherends. SOLUTION: This tacky adhesive tape is formed by laminating an acrylic tacky adhesive which consists of 100 pts.wt. acrylic copolymer and 5 to 25 pts.wt. disester compd. of 6 to 8C dicarboxylic acid and 4 to 11C monofunctional alcohol or 5 to 60 pts.wt. 8 to 15C satd. hydrocarbon and is crosslinked by an isocyanate crosslinking agent.
The disclosure relates to compositions, preferably in the form of a powder and/or granules, which contain as principal components a first component selected from the group consisting of isoflavones, soy products containing at least one isoflavone, and mixtures thereof, together with a polysaccharide as second component. A preferred first component is genistein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof (e.g. genistin). A preferred second component is pectin. The disclosure further relates to a process for the manufacture of such compositions, and their use in dietary supplements, pharmaceutical and personal care compositions. The disclosure is also directed to the use of a polysaccharide for improving the flowability of a component selected from the group consisting of isoflavones, soy products, preferably those containing at least one isoflavone, and mixtures thereof.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a neuropeptide antagonist, a specific diphenylacetanilide compound, intended to inhibit or mitigate the morbid state or physiological disorders of mammals due to neuropeptide Y through its administration thereto. SOLUTION: This neuropeptide antagonist is a compound of formula I [R is N(C2H5)2, CH3, or a group of formula II] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. By administering this compound (salt) in an amount enough to inhibit neuropeptide Y to a mammal needing a therapy relevant thereto, the morbid state or physiological disorders (in particular, eating disorders including obesity and hyperphagia) of the mammal, characterized by or associated with neuropeptide Y, can be inhibited or mitigated. The compound of formula I is obtained by irradiation on equimolar amounts of diphenyldiazomethane and p-diethylaminophenyl isonitrile. The dose of the compound of formula I is pref. 0.05-10 mg/kg body weight in oral administration, being 0.01-20 mg/kg body weight/day in parenteral administration.
Phase 1 (8 weeks): Supplement and Placebo groups ingested 3 oz of Supplement and Placebo per day respectively for the first four weeks as a loading dose, and then switched to 2 oz per day for weeks 5 - 8. This phase was double-blinded.
Patients use a power lung device to complete 3 sets of 15 RMT exercises over 30 minutes 6 days per week over 2-4 weeks for a minimum of 12 sessions prior to surgery. Patients also receive usual care consisting of attending physical therapy once weekly, receiving pre-surgical information, instruction on the use of a spirometer device, and wearing a Fitbit to track activity. Patients then undergo video-assisted thoracic surgery or laparoscopic surgery. Patients continue to track activity using the Fitbit for 3 months post-surgery.
Skeletal muscle is crucial for health, and glucocorticoid-induced atrophy poses a significant clinical challenge. This study utilized a dexamethasone (Dex)-induced mouse model to assess the impact of selenium supplementation on skeletal muscle atrophy during and after Dex treatment. Increasing evidence suggests the existence of a 'gut-muscle axis', where gut microbiota plays a regulatory role in muscle metabolism and function. We also examined changes in gut microbiota during selenium supplementation and applied the PAM (Partitioning Around Medoids, PAM) algorithm to identify key enterotypes influencing muscle health. Our findings show that selenium supplementation significantly mitigated Dex-induced muscle atrophy and hastened recovery post-treatment. Selenium intervention not only restructured the gut microbiota, enhancing diversity and promoting short-chain fatty acid producers, but also favored the Lactobacillus and Dubosiella enterotypes. These enterotypes are linked to improved amino acid and energy utilization, beneficial for muscle function. This study suggests that selenium may be a valuable nutritional supplement for combating Dex-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.
Transdermal therapeutic system comprises: a carrier layer; an adhesive layer comprising buprenorphine and/or its salts; and optionally a detachable protective layer. The transdermal therapeutic system is non-occlusive and suitable for pain therapy according to stage 3 of the three-stage world health organization-staging system. An independent claim is also included for producing the transdermal therapeutic system, comprising: preparing a liquid adhesive composition of (i) buprenorphine and/or its salts, (ii) an adhesive and (iii) a suitable liquid; preparing a multilayer system by coating a first layer with the liquid adhesive composition; drying the multilayer system; optionally adding an additional layer to the multilayer system; and cutting the multilayer system into smaller surface units. ACTIVITY : Analgesic. No biological data given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.
BACKGROUND: Mental health issues are common among patients with chronic physical conditions, affecting approximately one in five patients. Poor mental health is associated with worse disease outcomes and increased mortality. Problem-solving therapy (PST) may be a suitable treatment for targeting poor mental health in these patients. This study protocol describes a randomised controlled trial of the Healthy Mind intervention, a general practice-based intervention offering PST to patients with type 2 diabetes and/or ischaemic heart disease and poor mental well-being.
METHODS: A stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial with 1-year follow-up will be conducted in Danish general practice. At the annual chronic care consultation, patients with type 2 diabetes and/or chronic ischaemic heart disease will be screened for poor mental well-being. Patients in the control group will be offered usual care while patients in the intervention group will be offered treatment with PST provided by general practitioners (GPs) or general practice staff, such as nurses, who will undergo a 2-day PST course before transitioning from the control to the intervention group. The primary outcome is change in depressive symptoms after 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes include change in mental well-being, anxiety, and diabetes distress (patients with type 2 diabetes) after 6 and 12 months as well as change in total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and blood glucose levels (patients with diabetes) after 12 months. Process outcomes include measures of implementation and mechanisms of impact. We aim to include a total of 188 patients, corresponding to approximately 14 average-sized general practices.
DISCUSSION: The Healthy Mind trial investigates the impact of PST treatment for patients with chronic disease and poor mental well-being in general practice. This will be the first randomised controlled trial determining the effect of PST treatment for patients with chronic diseases in general practice. The results of this study will provide relevant insights to aid GPs, and general practice staff manage patients with poor mental well-being.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05611112. Registered on October 28, 2022.
The dopamine system plays important roles in various neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Several positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed topography (SPECT) tracers have been developed including \[11C\]CFT and \[123I\]beta-CIT. These tracers have been successfully applied in patients, particularly to stage those with Parkinson's disease. However, these tracers lack selectivity among monoamine (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) transporters. Recently a new PET tracer, \[18F\]FECNT brain uptake and washout has been developed, which has high selectivity and affinity to the dopamine transporter (DAT). Part 1 of this study will measure the kinetics of \[18F\]FECNT brain uptake and washout. Part 2 will estimate radiation-absorbed doses in healthy human subjects by performing whole body PET imaging studies. Part 3 will assess the reliability of measuring DAT densities in the brain by performing a test retest brain PET studies in healthy human subjects. The results of this overall study are required to apply this tracer in various neurological and psychiatric disorders in the future.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled pharmaceutical, obtained by adding an alcohol, glycerol and fat or oil, etc. to a phospholipid fraction extracted from an egg yolk, and enveloping the resultant mixture in gelatin capsules, and having a high phospholipid concentration. CONSTITUTION:An egg yolk phospholipid pharmaceutical obtained by adding one or several kinds of additives consisting of an alcohol, glycerol and fat or oil to a phospholipid fraction extracted from an egge yolk, and enveloping the resultant mixture in gelatin capsules. The encapsulated egg yolk phospholipid pharmaceutical has been used regularly as nutriments or health food in recent years, but the phospholipid concentration is generally about 30%. The filling of a liquid material in soft capsules is almost impossible unless the viscosity of the liqiud material is about 2.0X10<4> cP or below. The use of the additives, e.g. the above- mentioned alcohol, permits the filling of the phospholipid fraction having about 45% concentration thereof in the phospholipid fraction and 2.0X10<4> cP or below viscosity.
Patients will undergo an induction phase of intraventricular (ITV) DepoCyt, using the dosage determined from the Phase I portionPatients with stable disease (clinically and radiographically), not exhibiting systemic toxicity, will undergo a three month consolidation phase of ITV DepoCyt, for one month (Cycles 3-6). Patients without progression or toxicity will undergo maintenance therapy using ITV DepoCyt every four weeks (+/- 3 days) for a maximum of 8 months (cycles 7-14) or until recurrence or toxicity ensues. Oral metronomic Temozolomide dosing of 75 mg/m2 daily for 21 days followed by 7 days off will be given throughout the Induction, Consolidation, and Maintenance Phases of the ITV DepoCyt described above.
BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a frequent complication following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), may lead to severe conditions like pulmonary embolism. Current knowledge on postoperative DVT risk factors is, however, limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the risk of DVT after PCNL.
METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent PCNL from March 2020 to March 2023 at our institution. Patient demographics and clinical data, including, DVT-specific information, preoperative labs, and surgical details, was evaluated.
RESULTS: One hundred patients were included. Thirty-two (20 males, 12 females, mean age 52.5 ± 7.4 years) developed lower limb DVT post-surgery, while the remaining 68 (48 males, 20 females, mean age 51.1 ± 5.5 years) had no DVT symptoms. Analysis revealed significant correlations between hyperlipidemia, operating time, postoperative bed rest duration, D-dimer level on the first day after surgery, Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) score, and DVT risk. D-dimer on the first day after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, postoperative bed rest time and Caprini RAM scores were independent risk factors for DVT after PCNL. Sex, age, hypertension status, diabetes status and smoking and drinking habits were not significantly associated with DVT risk.
CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer on the first day after PCNL, postoperative bed rest time and Caprini RAM scores were independent risk factors for DVT after PCNL.
The aim of this study is to define atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence and incidence rates across minority groups in the United States (US), to aid in diversity enrollment target setting for randomized controlled trials. In AF, US minority groups have lower clinically detected prevalence compared to the non-Hispanic or Latino White (NHW) population. We assess the impact of ascertainment bias on AF prevalence estimates. We analyzed data from adults in Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database from 2017-2020 in a cohort study. Presence of AF at baseline was identified from inpatient and/or outpatient encounters claims using validated ICD-10-CM diagnosis algorithms. AF incidence and prevalence rates were determined both in the overall population, as well as in a population with a recent stroke event, where monitoring for AF is assumed. Differences in prevalence across cohorts were assessed to determine if ascertainment bias contributes to the variation in AF prevalence across US minority groups. The period prevalence was respectively 4.9%, 3.2%, 2.1% and 5.9% in the Black or African American, Asian, Hispanic or Latino, and NHW population. In patients with recent ischemic stroke, the proportion with AF was 32.2%, 24.3%, 25%, and 24.5%, respectively. The prevalence of AF among the stroke population was approximately 7 to 10 times higher than the prevalence among the overall population for the Asian and Hispanic or Latino population, compared to approximately 5 times higher for NHW patients. The relative AF prevalence difference of the Asian and Hispanic or Latino population with the NHW population narrowed from respectively, -46% and -65%, to -22% and -24%. The study findings align with previous observational studies, revealing lower incidence and prevalence rates of AF in US minority groups. Prevalence estimates of the adult population, when routine clinical practice is assumed, exhibit higher prevalence differences compared to settings in which monitoring for AF is assumed, particularly among Asian and Hispanic or Latino subgroups.
Identifying the adaptive mechanisms of metastatic cancer cells remains an elusive question in the treatment of metastatic disease, particularly in pancreatic cancer (pancreatic adenocarcinoma, PDA). A loss-of-function shRNA targeted screen in metastatic-derived cells identified Gstt1, a member of the glutathione S-transferase superfamily, as uniquely required for dissemination and metastasis, but dispensable for primary tumour growth. Gstt1 is expressed in latent disseminated tumour cells (DTCs), is retained within a subpopulation of slow-cycling cells within existing metastases, and its inhibition leads to complete regression of macrometastatic tumours. This distinct Gstt1high population is highly metastatic and retains slow-cycling phenotypes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition features and DTC characteristics compared to the Gstt1low population. Mechanistic studies indicate that in this subset of cancer cells, Gstt1 maintains metastases by binding and glutathione-modifying intracellular fibronectin, in turn promoting its secretion and deposition into the metastatic microenvironment. We identified Gstt1 as a mediator of metastasis, highlighting the importance of heterogeneity and its influence on the metastatic tumour microenvironment.