anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: MiRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Extensive literature studies have demonstrated that miRNA-disease associations are stratified and encompass ~ 20% causal associations. Computational models that predict causal miRNA-disease associations provide effective guidance in identifying novel interpretations of disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Although several predictive models for miRNA-disease associations exist, it is still challenging to discriminate causal miRNA-disease associations from non-causal ones. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop an efficient prediction model for causal miRNA-disease association prediction.
RESULTS: We developed DNI-MDCAP, an improved computational model that incorporated additional miRNA similarity metrics, deep graph embedding learning-based network imputation and semi-supervised learning framework. Through extensive predictive performance evaluation, including tenfold cross-validation and independent test, DNI-MDCAP showed excellent performance in identifying causal miRNA-disease associations, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.896 and 0.889, respectively. Regarding the challenge of discriminating causal miRNA-disease associations from non-causal ones, DNI-MDCAP exhibited superior predictive performance compared to existing models MDCAP and LE-MDCAP, reaching an AUROC of 0.870. Wilcoxon test also indicated significantly higher prediction scores for causal associations than for non-causal ones. Finally, the potential causal miRNA-disease associations predicted by DNI-MDCAP, exemplified by diabetic nephropathies and hsa-miR-193a, have been validated by recently published literature, further supporting the reliability of the prediction model.
CONCLUSIONS: DNI-MDCAP is a dedicated tool to specifically distinguish causal miRNA-disease associations with substantially improved accuracy. DNI-MDCAP is freely accessible at http://www.rnanut.net/DNIMDCAP/ .
Cholesterol metabolic parameters will be measured in 100 subjects in an observational study. Results will be related to circulating biomarkers and carotid intima-media thickness.
The objective of this study was to analyze a multicenter cohort of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) who underwent treatment with closed reduction. We sought to report the effects that severity of hip dysplasia and age have on the development of femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN) and the need for additional procedures. All patients with DDH and minimum 2 years of follow-up who underwent closed reduction were identified. The following variables were recorded: sex, laterality of hip involvement, age, acetabular index (AI), and International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) grade. The effects of patient age and pre-procedure IHDI grade on the rate of AVN and need for additional procedures after the closed reduction were analyzed using an alpha of 0.05. Seventy-eight total hips were included in the final analysis. The average patient age was 12 months. AVN of the femoral head was reported in 24 hips (30.8%) and 32 hips (41.0%) required additional surgery. Higher pre-op IHDI grade was associated with higher risk of developing Bucholz-Ogden grades II-IV AVN of the femoral head ( P = 0.025) and requiring additional surgery ( P = 0.033) regardless of patient age. There were no statistically significant differences for the effect of age on the measured outcomes ( P  > 0.05). These findings suggest that severity of dislocation (IHDI grade) is a significant risk factor for the development of AVN and need for additional procedure.
Patients will be instructed to write down their blood pressures (BP) in a BP log that will be provided to them at the time of enrollment. Study staff will access the patient's home BP measurements on the BP device dashboard and send a summary of the home BP measurements (mean, median, % of BP measurements at goal) to the primary care provider in a telephone encounter (TE) 3 to 5 days prior to the next scheduled visit.
Malignant ascites effusion (MAE) is a common complication of advanced malignant tumors with limited treatments. Euphorbia lathyris (EL) has a long history of application in patients with edema and ascites. Herein, we reported for the first time a mode in which EL and EL Pulveratum (PEL) spontaneously formed natural microemulsions (ELM and PELM) without the addition of any carriers and excipients, and found that the protein and phospholipid contained in them encapsulated fatty oil and diterpenoid esters through non-covalent interactions. The denaturation and degradation of protein in PELM resulted in stronger binding of diterpenoid esters to the hydrophobic region of protein, which facilitated the sustained and slow release of diterpenoid esters and improved their bioavailability in vivo, thereby retaining the efficacy of preventing MAE while alleviating the irritation of intestinal mucosa. The mechanism by which PELM retained efficacy might be related to increased feces moisture and urine volume, and decreased expression of AVPR2, cAMP, PKA and AQP3 in MAE mice. And its mechanism of reducing intestinal mucosal irritation was related to decreased cell apoptosis, amelioration of oxidative stress, elevation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and up-regulation of Occludin and Claudin-1 expression in IEC-6 cells. This nano-adjuvant-free natural microemulsions may be a promising therapeutic strategy in the field of phytochemistry for promoting the application of natural and efficient nano-aggregates spontaneously formed by medicinal plants in MAE, and provide a new perspective for advancing the development of the fusion of Chinese herbal medicine and nanomedicine and its clinical translation.
The study includes two unblinded trials to evaluate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of HIVST strategies among adults in Malawi.

Aim 1 will test the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of facility-based HIVST in OPD sites in Malawi. It will be an unblinded cluster-randomized trial and include three arms: 1) standard of care for provider-initiated testing and counseling (PITC); (2) optimized standard of care for PITC; and (3) facility-based HIVST while clients wait for routine OPD services. The standard of care arm will receive no intervention. The optimized standard of care arm will receive training and support for implementing the Malawi guidelines for PITC and morning testing. OPD clients in the facility HIVST arm will receive a HIVST demonstration and distribution, followed by uses of HIVST and private spaces for kit interpretation before receiving routine OPD services. Participants may present their self-test results to their provider, who will refer them for confirmatory HIV testing and routine ART initiation (if positive). That same day, participants from all arms will complete a brief survey upon exiting the clinic. Survey and medical record data will be compared across arms to determine whether facility HIVST is superior in regard to number of individuals tested for HIV, cost-effectiveness, number of HIV-positive individuals identified, and linkage rates for those who identify as HIV-positive.

Aim 2 will test the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of index HIVST for the sexual partners of HIV-positive clients. It will be an unblinded individually-randomized trial and include two arms: 1) standard of care partner referral slips for testing; and 2) HIVST. The standard of care arm will receive no intervention for partner notification and referral. HIV-positive clients in the HIVST arm will receive a HIVST demonstration and distribution, with instructions to give the HIVST kit to their sexual partner. Participants will be given one HIVST for each of their sexual partners who has an unknown HIV status or who tested HIV-negative more than six months prior (up to 3 HIVST kits distributed). Participants (index clients) will be given instructions on how their partner can complete the self-test and how to refer their partner(s) to care if they receive a positive result from the self-test. All participants (standard of care and HIVST arms) will complete a brief survey at the beginning of the intervention and a 4-week follow-up survey to assess primary and secondary outcomes. Medical chart reviews will be conducted for all partners reported to test HIV-positive in order to assess ART initiation rates. Survey and medical record data will be compared across arms to determine whether index HIVST is superior in regard to number of partners tested for HIV, cost-effectiveness, number of HIV-positive individuals identified, and linkage rates for those who identify as HIV-positive.
BACKGROUND: The impact of co-management on clinical outcomes in neurosurgical patients is uncertain. This study aims to describe the implementation of a hospitalist co-management program in a neurosurgery department and its impact on the incidence of complications, mortality, and length of stay.
METHODS: The authors used a quasi-experimental study design that compared a historical control period (July-December 2017) to a prospective intervention arm. During the intervention period, patients admitted to a neurosurgery inpatient unit who were older than 65 years, suffered certain conditions, or were admitted from ICUs were included in the co-management program. Two hospitalists joined the surgical staff and intervened in the diagnostic and therapeutical plan of patients, participating in clinical decisions and coordinating patient navigation with neurosurgeons. The incidence of moderate or severe complications measured by the Accordion Severity Grading System, in-hospital mortality, and length of stay of the two cohorts were compared. Multivariate regression was used to adjust for confounders, and the average treatment effect was estimated using inverse probability of treatment weighting.
RESULTS: The adjusted incidence of moderate or severe complications was lower among co-managed patients (odds ratio [OR] 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39-0.91). Mortality was unchanged (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.15-4.17). Length of stay was lower in co-managed patients, with a 1.3-day reduction observed after inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.
CONCLUSION: Hospitalist co-management was associated with a reduced incidence of complications and length of stay in neurosurgical patients, but there was no difference in in-hospital mortality.
OBJECTIVES: Oroantral communication (OAC) is a relatively common and mild complication of maxillary tooth extractions. Preoperative prediction of OAC can reduce treatment duration and prepare both operators and patients for the procedure. This study aims to identify alarming radiographic and clinical indicators that can predict OAC therefore assisting clinical decision making to practicing general dentists.
METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study the OAC group consisting of 97 cases and a control group twice the size was established. Clinical data were collected, and measurements were conducted separately by two blinded observers on digital panoramic radiographs. Inter-rater reliability was assessed. In case of disagreement a third observer's results were utilized. The correlation between OAC and demographic data (age, sex), as well as various factors assessed on panoramic radiographs (including, but not limited to, the length of the root, root projection into the sinus, bone width, presence of mesial and distal adjacent teeth), was statistically evaluated.
RESULTS: Inter-rater reliability was found to be excellent. Several factors were identified as potential predictors of OAC. According to our model, the strongest predictors were the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and marginal bone, extent of root projection into the sinus, presence of sinus recess around the roots, angulation, and absence of the mesial adjacent tooth.
CONCLUSIONS: Well-defined measurements on panoramic radiographs may aid in predicting OAC. Further prospective investigations are necessary to confirm these indicators and address factors related to clinical examination and operation.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: We present several clinical and radiographic warning signs of OAC that can facilitate pre-extraction decision-making.
Cataract and AMD are two of the most important causes of visual impairment in older Americans. Approximately 3.3 million people have visual impairment due to cataract. Cataract extraction, although one of the safest and most successful of all operations, is now the most frequently performed operation in the United States among persons older than 60, costing an estimated $1.5 billion annually. AMD is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in persons aged 65 and older. Approximately 25 percent of persons aged 65 years and older have signs of AMD. The pathogenesis of AMD, however, is only partly understood, and its etiology remains obscure. For most patients, there is no available treatment. The public health burden imposed by cataract and AMD will only increase in the coming decades as the U.S. population ages.

These randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trials will test the hypotheses that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and with low-dose aspirin reduces the risk of age-related cataract and AMD. The study populations are the Women's Health Study (WHS) and the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS). The WHS is a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial using a 2x2 factorial design to test low-dose aspirin (100 mg on alternate days) and vitamin E (600 IU on alternate days) in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. It is being conducted among 39,876 apparently healthy female health professionals age 45 years and older. The WACS is a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled secondary prevention trial using a 2x2x2x2 factorial design to test antioxidant vitamins (vitamins E \[600 IU on alternate days\] and C \[500 mg daily\], beta carotene \[50 mg on alternate days\]), and a combination of folate (800 mg daily), vitamin B6 (25 mg daily), and vitamin B12 (1 mg daily) among women who are at high risk for CVD morbidity and mortality. It is being conducted among 8,171 female health professionals, ages 40 years or older, who either have preexisting CVD or have at least three coronary risk factors and therefore are at high risk for the development of CVD.

In addition to the randomized comparisons, the investigators will also examine risk factors for age-related cataract and AMD in these two populations. Factors to be examined include cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, cardiovascular disease, height, body mass index, diabetes, and dietary factors.

In each study population, followup questionnaires were sent at 6 and 12 months after randomization and every 12 months thereafter requesting information about development of relevant study end points including cataract and AMD and participant compliance with study medications. Reported diagnoses of cataract and AMD are confirmed by medical record review. The primary analysis for the randomized studies will be incidence of AMD or cataract in the treatment and placebo groups. Survival analysis will be used to determine whether there is a difference in time to AMD or cataract diagnosis.
Patients receive cetuximab IV over 60-120 minutes on days 1 and 15 and tivantinib PO BID on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Behavioral: Exercise + Immersive Virtual Reality In the exercise with immersive virtual reality condition, participants will complete a total of 30-minutes on the stationary bike while wearing Oculus Quest 2 goggles. The bout of cycling will be identical to the prescription given in the exercise only condition (5-min warm-up, 20 minutes of moderate-vigorous intensity cycling, and 5-min cool down). During cycling, the Oculus YouTubeVR app will play a 360° version of the YouTube video called "360° VR Cycling Newport Back Bay Sunset \[30 MIN - NO MUSIC\])". Interaction with researchers will be kept at a minimum, similar to that in other sessions. Heart Rate will be recorded every two minutes and perceived exertion will be reported every four minutes.
During a radiotherapy period the prostate movement will be monitored by temporary implanted electromagnetic detector. Rectum fixation at 5/5 fractions. DW-MRI at baseline, 3 months and 12 months.
Compositions and methods are described for the delivery of a fully human post-translationally modified (HuPTM) therapeutic VEGF-Trap (VEGF-Trap HuPTM ) to a human subject diagnosed with an ocular disease, e.g. age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or condition or cancer associated with neovascularization, e.g. metastasised colon cancer, and indicated for treatment with the therapeutic mAb. Delivery may be advantageously accomplished via gene therapy, e.g., by administering a viral vector, preferably AAV8 or variant AAV.7m8, or other DNA expression construct encoding the VEGF-Trap HuPTM  to a patient (human subject) diagnosed with an ocular condition or cancer indicated for treatment with the VEGF-Trap to create a permanent depot in a tissue or organ of the patient that continuously supplies the VEGF-Trap HuPTM ,  i.e. , a human-glycosylated transgene product. Alternatively, the VEGF-Trap HuPTM , for example, produced in cultured human cell culture, e.g. in immortalised retinal or liver cells, can be administered to the patient for treatment of the ocular disease or cancer.
Natural pulmonary surfactant of porcine origin. The object of the present invention is a natural surfactant for therapeutic use obtained by organic extraction of pig lung lavages, and the procedure for obtaining them. The surfactant in question contains from 90 per cent to 97 per cent of phospholipids, from 0.5 to 1.3 per cent of hydrophobic proteins, more than 40 per cent of disaturated phosphatidylcholine and more than 7 per cent of phosphatidylinositol relative to phospholipids. More than 75 per cent of the fatty acid composition of the phosphatidylcholine corresponds to palmitic acid. The total content of anionic phospholipids (phosphatidylglycerol + phosphatidylinositol) is more than 12 per cent relative to phospholipids. One of the pharmaceutical forms thereof is a lyophilizate, stable from 2 to 8 degree C, which is reconstituted at the time of use. The application of the surfactant by the endotracheal route is suitable for the treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, and also of patients with adult respiratory stress.
UNLABELLED: Different cellular mechanisms influence steatotic liver disease (SLD) progression. The influence of different levels of steatogenic inputs has not been studied in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).
METHODS: HepG2 hepatocytes and LX-2 HSCs were cultured in mild (MS) and severe (SS) steatogenic conditions. TGF-β stimulation was also tested for HSCs in control (T) and steatogenic conditions (MS-T and SS-T). Steatosis was stained with Oil Red, and the proliferation was assayed via WST-8 reduction, apoptosis via flow cytometry, and senescence via SA-β-galactosidase activity.
RESULTS: Regarding hepatocytes, steatosis progressively increased; proliferation was lower in MS and SS; and the viability of both conditions significantly decreased at 72 h. Apoptosis increased in MS at 72 h, while it decreased in SS. Senescence increased in MS and diminished in SS. Regarding HSCs, the SS and SS-T groups showed no proliferation, and the viability was reduced in MS at 72 h and in SS and SS-T. The LX-2 cells showed increased apoptosis in SS and SS-T at 24 h, and in MS and MS-T at 72 h. Senescence decreased in MS, SS, and SS-T.
CONCLUSIONS: Lipid overload induces differential effects depending on the cell type, the steatogenic input level, and the exposure time. Hepatocytes are resilient to mild steatosis but susceptible to high lipotoxicity. HSCs are sensitive to lipid overload, undergoing apoptosis and lowering senescence and proliferation. Collectively, these data may help explain the development of steatosis and fibrosis in SLD.
INTRODUCTION: The International Neuromodulation Society convened a multispecialty group of physicians and scientists based on expertise with international representation to establish evidence-based guidance on intrathecal drug delivery in treating chronic pain. This Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC)® project, created more than two decades ago, intends to provide evidence-based guidance for important safety and efficacy issues surrounding intrathecal drug delivery and its impact on the practice of neuromodulation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Authors were chosen on the basis of their clinical expertise, familiarity with the peer-reviewed literature, research productivity, and contributions to the neuromodulation literature. Section leaders supervised literature searches of MEDLINE, BioMed Central, Current Contents Connect, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed from 2017 (when PACC® last published guidelines) to the present. Identified studies were graded using the United States Preventive Services Task Force criteria for evidence and certainty of net benefit. Recommendations are based on the strength of evidence or consensus when evidence is scant.
RESULTS: The PACC® examined the published literature and established evidence- and consensus-based recommendations to guide best practices. Additional guidance will occur as new evidence is developed in future iterations of this process.
CONCLUSIONS: The PACC® recommends best practices regarding intrathecal drug delivery to improve safety and efficacy. The evidence- and consensus-based recommendations should be used as a guide to assist decision-making when clinically appropriate.