anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, is a major cell death mode in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, along with mitochondrial permeability transition-driven necrosis, which is inhibited by cyclosporine A (CsA). However, therapeutics targeting ferroptosis during myocardial I/R injury have not yet been developed. Hence, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of deferasirox, an iron chelator, against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced ferroptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes and myocardial I/R injury.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of deferasirox on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced iron overload in the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis were examined in cultured cardiomyocytes. In a mouse model of I/R injury, the infarct size and adverse cardiac remodeling were examined after treatment with deferasirox, CsA, or both in combination. Deferasirox suppressed hypoxia- or hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced iron overload in the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes. Deferasirox treatment reduced iron levels in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevented increases in lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in the I/R-injured myocardium 24 hours after I/R. Deferasirox and CsA independently reduced the infarct size after I/R injury to a similar degree, and combination therapy with deferasirox and CsA synergistically reduced the infarct size (infarct area/area at risk; control treatment: 64±2%; deferasirox treatment: 48±3%; CsA treatment: 48±4%; deferasirox+CsA treatment: 37±3%), thereby ameliorating adverse cardiac remodeling on day 14 after I/R.
CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with deferasirox and CsA may be a clinically feasible and effective therapeutic approach for limiting I/R injury and ameliorating adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE: A prospective single blinded randomized control trial was conducted to study if early initiation of voice therapy after microlaryngeal produces a better voice outcome in patients with benign vocal fold lesions.
METHODS: In this Patients undergoing microlaryngeal surgery for benign vocal fold lesions were recruited for the study and underwent voice evaluation and videostroboscopy preoperatively. Participants were randomised into two groups depending on the duration of voice rest-A (2 days voice rest) and B (5 days voice rest). Following the period of voice rest, voice therapy (tube phonation) was carried out for a month. Postoperative evaluation was done at 6 weeks (over telephone) and 3 months (in person visit) follow up. Outcome measures included the VHI-10, auditory-perceptual voice ratings, acoustic analysis and videostroboscopic vibratory ratings.
RESULTS: Of the 50 subjects, 35 completed the follow up evaluation. The overall compliance to absolute voice rest was 43%. Among the various parameters used for voice evaluation, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups except for jitter, where the improvement in 5 day voice rest group compared to the 2 day voice rest group was statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: Prolonged voice rest after microlaryngeal surgery is difficult to comply with. As there was no significant difference between the two study groups, clinicians may prescribe a shorter duration of voice rest followed by early initiation of voice therapy after microlaryngeal surgery.
OBJECTIVES: Chronically ill adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients experience barriers to accessing psychosocial care. AYAs who receive palliative and psychosocial care experience numerous benefits from these services. However, we still lack research investigating age-appropriate programs targeting AYAs' psychosocial needs that are delivered virtually and extend beyond the hospital setting. Streetlight is a palliative care program designed for chronically ill AYAs that offers the Streetlight Gaming League (SGL), an online health community (OHC) combining peer-based support, online gaming, and community events. We evaluated the usefulness, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of SGL through an assessment of chronically ill AYAs' lived experiences.
METHODS: We used a qualitative evaluation approach grounded in hermeneutic phenomenology. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with 9 chronically ill AYAs to elicit in-depth accounts of their lived experiences of using SGL. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on questionnaire data. Phenomenological data analysis, informed by hermeneutic analysis, was used to analyze interviews.
RESULTS: AYAs reported positive experiences with SGL and valued the ability to engage in various content while having few participation expectations. They also described psychosocial benefits, including reprieve from illness, sense of community, and solidarity through mutual understandings and shared experiences.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULTS: Findings highlight the usefulness and acceptability of a virtual palliative psychosocial care program for chronically ill AYAs. Findings also suggest the effectiveness of SGL and support using an OHC to meet the psychosocial needs of AYAs. This study can guide future programming and implementation of online palliative psychosocial care programs in other hospital settings, resulting in similar beneficial and meaningful experiences.
Liposomal iron, capsules, 1 Capsule with food or few hours before or after taking other medication once daily. 1 arm group, Participants in this study will receive a daily oral dose of 30 mg Iron for a duration of 90 days. The liposomal formulation is designed to enhance the bioavailability of iron, potentially reducing gastrointestinal side effects.
They will have no intervention for 8 weeks. After the period, they will do home exercises.
Patients will be screened at trial sites for determination of eligibility to enter the study on the basis of diagnostic evaluations, according to current diagnostic criteria for probable AD, and safety assessments (vital sign complete physical and neurological examinations). The efficacy assessments (cognitive/behavioral evaluations) will be performed at Baseline before starting treatment and repeated ontreatment at Weeks 6, 12 and 24. EEG neurophysiological examinations will be performed at Baseline and at Week 24. Plasma biomarkers will be collected at baseline and at Week 24. Visit windows are ±7 days for all the scheduled visits. At each in-clinic visit (or upon early termination), AEs will be recorded, at screening, baseline, weeks 6, 12 and 24 vital signs measured, and physical and neurological examination performed. During intervening times between visits, caregivers will be contacted by telephone at approximately at Weeks 4 and 16 and an unscheduled visit will take place if needed in response to a safety concern.
1. Ursodiol will not dissolve calcified cholesterol stones, radiopaque stones, or radiolucent bile pigment stones. Hence, patients with such stones are not candidates for Ursodiol therapy.
  2. Patients with compelling reasons for cholecystectomy including unremitting acute cholecystitis, cholangitis, biliary obstruction, gallstone pancreatitis, or biliary-gastrointestinal fistula are not candidates for Ursodiol therapy.
  3. Allergy to bile acids.
The prevalence of obesity in dogs is increasing worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of a mixed probiotic formula on the weight, body condition score (BCS), blood metabolite profiles, and gut microbiota of overweight and obese dogs over a 12-week supplementation period to determine the anti-obesity effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CBT LP3 and Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3. This was a community-based, randomized study that sampled 41 overweight and obese dogs with a veterinarian-determined BCS of 6 or more. The physical activity of all the subjects was measured using a pedometer designed exclusively for dogs. The food intake was measured using the developed application. Only the treatment group received the mixed probiotic formula twice daily (3 g per dose). A significant decrease in body weight (p < 0.0001), BCS (p < 0.0001), serum TG (p < 0.0001), serum TC (p = 0.0400), and serum leptin (p = 0.0252), and a significantly increased serum adiponectin levels (p = 0.0007) were observed in the treatment group compared with the values in the control group. Microbiota analysis showed that Lactiplantibacillus increased and Erysipelatoclostridium, Staphylococcus, and Gemella decreased more significantly in the treatment group than in the control group. These results suggested that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CBT LP3 and Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3 may be effective in alleviating obesity in dogs.
Oral linagliptin 5mg once daily added to ongoing metformin if the patient is already on it. The duration will be for a 6-month period.
The weekly protocol was as follows: 0.5 g methylprednisolone i.v. weekly for 6 weeks and then the dose was tapered by 0.25 g/week over the following 6 weeks.
Participants randomized to this arm will have stool specimens processed after the conclusion of the study. Participants will also be given placebo x 60 days.
BACKGROUND: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a group of rare but often treatable inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable skeletal muscle weakness. In this paper we present the largest phenotypic analysis to date of a cohort of patients carrying the pathogenic variant c.1327delG in the CHRNE gene, leading to CHRNE-CMS.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify the phenotypic variability in CMS associated with c.1327delG mutation in the CHRNE gene.
METHODS: Disease specific symptoms were assessed using specific standardized tests for autoimmune myasthenia (Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis score) as well as patient-reported scales for symptom severity. Evaluated clinical manifestations included ocular symptoms (ophthalmoparesis and ptosis), bulbar weakness, axial muscle weakness, proximal and distal muscle weakness, and respiratory function. Patients were allocated into three groups according to clinical impression of disease severity: mild, moderate, and severe.
RESULTS: We studied 91 Bulgarian Roma patients, carrying the same causative homozygous CHRNE c.1327delG mutation. Bulbar weakness was present in patients throughout all levels of severity of CHRNE-CMS in this study. However, difficulties in eating and swallowing are more prominent characteristics in the moderate and severe clinical phenotypes. Diplopia and ptosis resulting from fatigue of the extraocular muscles were permanent features regardless of disease severity or age. Levels of axial, proximal and distal muscle weakness were variable between disease groups. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the patients in the three groups, emphasizing a possible variation in symptom manifestation in the evaluated patient population despite the disease originating from the same genetic mutation. Impairment of respiratory function was more prominent in severely affected patients, which might result from loss of compensatory muscle function in those individuals.
CONCLUSION: Results from our study indicate significant phenotypic heterogeneity leading to mild, moderate, or severe clinical manifestation in CHRNE-CMS, despite the genotypic homogeneity.
DAYTRANA has a high potential for abuse and misuse. The use of DAYTRANA exposes individuals to the risks of abuse and misuse, which can lead to the development of a substance use disorder, including addiction. DAYTRANA can be diverted for non-medical use into illicit channels or distribution [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9.2)]. Misuse and abuse of CNS stimulants, including DAYTRANA, can result in overdose and death [see Overdosage (10)], and this risk is increased with higher doses or unapproved methods of administration, such as snorting or injection.

Before prescribing DAYTRANA, assess each patient’s risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction. Educate patients and their caregivers or families about these risks. Advise patients to store DAYTRANA in a safe place, preferably locked, and instruct patients to not give DAYTRANA to anyone else. Throughout DAYTRANA treatment, reassess each patient’s risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction and frequently monitor for signs and symptoms of abuse, misuse, and addiction.

DAYTRANA has special disposal instructions. Instruct patients to find a take back location to dispose of unused or expired DAYTRANA. If a take back program is unavailable, instruct them to:

  1. Remove DAYTRANA from its pouch, separate it from its liner, fold it in half with the adhesive sides touching each other, and immediately flush the used transdermal system down the toilet, and
  2. Place the pouch and liner in a container, close the container, and throw out the container in the trash (advise patients not to flush the pouch and liner down the toilet).
The present invention relates to a particularly convenient medium for providing contrast enhancement and/or distension of the subject body or organ cavity during imaging, radiographic, visualization, or other similar medical examinations, including ultrasound, endoscopic examinations, MRI, x-ray, hystero-salpingograms, CT scans, and similar procedures. The present invention provides the contrast enhancement and/or distends the body or organ cavity without constant leakage of the medium or the resulting need to constantly or repeatedly infuse additional medium. The medium is designed to have sufficient viscosity or consistence initially - whether as a solid, semi-solid, gel, viscous fluid, or otherwise - to remain in the body or organ cavity for a time generally sufficient to complete the procedure, and then to facilitate easy removal or expulsion from the cavity, preferably by liquefying or losing viscosity. For imaging and radiographic examinations, the medium may provide enhanced contrast as well as the distension of the cavity. For visualization examinations, the medium typically would be optically transparent but provide the convenient reliable distension. The phase or viscosity change may be triggered by a variety factors, such as the passage of time, a change in temperature or pH, the addition of another substance, or any other trigger that liquefies or otherwise facilitates easy removal or expulsion of the composition from the cavity.
Patients receive induction chemotherapy comprising paclitaxel IV over 1 hour and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 21. Patients receive consolidation therapy comprising paclitaxel IV over 1 hour and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on days 43, 50, 57, 64, 71, 78, and 85 and oral erlotinib once daily on days 43-91. Patients undergo radiotherapy concurrently with consolidation therapy 5 days a week for 7 weeks beginning on day 43.
Usual diabetes care, every 3 months for 12 months, which consists of visits with their diabetes care physician. In addition, as per usual care, individual sessions and meetings related to transition care with the diabetes social worker will be provided to parents, as needed.
Promethazine HCl Injection may cause marked drowsiness or impair the mental or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. The use of alcohol, sedative/hypnotics (including barbiturates), general anesthetics, narcotics, narcotic analgesics, tricyclic antidepressants, and tranquilizers with Promethazine HCl Injection may enhance impairment (see WARNINGS-CNS Depression and PRECAUTIONS-Drug Interactions). Pediatric patients should be supervised to avoid potential harm in bike riding or in other hazardous activities.

Patients should be advised to report any involuntary muscle movements. 

Persistent or worsening pain or burning at the injection site should be reported immediately. 

Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun.
Propionic acidemia (PA) is one of the most common inborn errors of organic acid metabolism. Although this disorder is now routinely detected in the immediate neonatal period on the US newborn screen, clinical outcomes are poor despite timely and aggressive medical intervention. Worldwide, the incidence of PA varies widely. The estimated live-birth incidence of PA is 1:243,000 in the US, 1:166,000 in Italy and 1:250,000 in Germany. Affected patients are medically fragile and can suffer from complications such as failure to thrive, intellectual disability, basal ganglia strokes, seizures, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, pancreatitis, impaired gut motility, osteoporosis and hematological complications. The frequency of these complications in the US patients and their precipitants remain poorly understood. Furthermore, current treatment outcomes have continued to demonstrate substantial morbidity and mortality in the patient population. Specific treatments include dietary modification to reduce propiogenic precursor load, levocarnitine to facilitate excretion of propionate, and oral antibiotics to suppress propionogenic gut flora. More recently, solid organ transplantation (liver and/or kidney) has been used to treat PA patients experiencing frequent and severe episodes of metabolic instability. However, optimal transplant strategy and post-transplant management have not been delineated. Several survey-based and retrospective studies describing the natural history of propionic acidemia have been published in the last decade. While these publications added to our understanding of the clinical course of this disease, these studies have not systematically focused on the US population using prospective analysis and reflect largely European experience, where many developed countries do not routinely screen for PA using newborn screen. Thus, the benefits of newborn screening on the PA outcomes require further clarification.

Under proposed NIH protocol, we will prospectively evaluate patients with propionic acidemia with special emphasis on the US population. Typical inpatient admissions and outpatient evaluations will last up to 4-5 days and may involve blood drawing, urine collection, stool collections, genomic studies, ophthalmological examination, cardiology evaluation, radiological procedures, brain and cardiac MRI/MRS, dietary assessment and neurobehavioral evaluation. In some patient s skin biopsies will be pursued.

The study objectives will be to describe the natural history of propionic acidemia in the US patients by delineating the spectrum of phenotypes and querying for genotype, enzymology, microbiome, and phenotype correlations. The population will consist of patients previously evaluated at NIH, physician referrals, and families directed to the study from clinicaltrials.gov, Organic Acidemia Association and Propionic Acidemia Foundation. Patients will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center or via telehealth platforms supported by NIH. Outcome measures will largely be descriptive and encompass correlations between clinical, microbiological, biochemical and molecular parameters.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with the pathological hallmarks of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. Although there is a hope that anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies may emerge as a new therapy for AD, the high cost and side effect is a big concern. Non-drug therapy is attracting more attention and may provide a better resolution for the treatment of AD. Given the fact that hypoxia contributes to the pathogenesis of AD, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may be an effective intervention that can alleviate hypoxia and improve AD. However, it remains unclear whether long-term HBOT intervention in the early stage of AD can slow AD progression and ultimately prevent cognitive impairment in this disease. In this study we applied consecutive 3-month HBOT interventions on 3-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 AD mice which represent the early stage of AD. When the APPswe/PS1dE9 mice at 9-month-old which represent the disease stage we measured cognitive function, 24-h blood oxygen saturation, Aβ and tau pathologies, vascular structure and function, and neuroinflammation in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Our results showed that long-term HBOT can attenuate the impairments in cognitive function observed in 9-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Most importantly, HBOT effectively reduced the progression of Aβ plaques deposition, hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregation, and neuronal and synaptic degeneration in the AD mice. Further, long-term HBOT was able to enhance blood oxygen saturation level. Besides, long-term HBOT can improve vascular structure and function, and reduce neuroinflammation in AD mice. This study is the first to demonstrate that long-term HBOT intervention in the early stage of AD can attenuate cognitive impairment and AD-like pathologies. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of long-term HBOT as a disease-modifying approach for AD treatment.
OBJECTIVE: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a nonselective cation channel important in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including pulmonary disease. Using a murine model, we previously demonstrated that TRPV4 mediates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury, the major cause of primary graft dysfunction after transplant. The current study tests the hypothesis that treatment with a TRPV4 inhibitor will attenuate lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in a clinically relevant porcine lung transplant model.
METHODS: A porcine left-lung transplant model was used. Animals were randomized to 2 treatment groups (n = 5/group): vehicle or GSK2193874 (selective TRPV4 inhibitor). Donor lungs underwent 30 minutes of warm ischemia and 24 hours of cold preservation before left lung allotransplantation and 4 hours of reperfusion. Vehicle or GSK2193874 (1 mg/kg) was administered to the recipient as a systemic infusion after recipient lung explant. Lung function, injury, and inflammatory biomarkers were compared.
RESULTS: After transplant, left lung oxygenation was significantly improved in the TRPV4 inhibitor group after 3 and 4 hours of reperfusion. Lung histology scores and edema were significantly improved, and neutrophil infiltration was significantly reduced in the TRPV4 inhibitor group. TRPV4 inhibitor-treated recipients had significantly reduced expression of interleukin-8, high mobility group box 1, P-selectin, and tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5, and zonula occludens-1) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as reduced angiopoietin-2 in plasma, all indicative of preservation of endothelial barrier function.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of lung transplant recipients with TRPV4 inhibitor significantly improves lung function and attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury. Thus, selective TRPV4 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent primary graft dysfunction after transplant.
Nursery staff will be trained by the PhunkyFoods team to deliver the nutritional education programme. Children will be taught Eat Well (learning about different food groups) and Strive for Five (learning about eating fruits and vegetables) components of the PhunkyFoods education programme by their usual nursery staff. Nurseries will be advised to deliver as much as possible of the two components over the 12 week period.
The present invention relates to a process of producing Ala-Glu dipeptide, comprising of: the amino acid protected at N-end reacts with triphenyl phosphine and hexachloroethane in an organic solvent, forming an active ester; the active ester reacts with glutamine in an organic solvent and an aqueous inorganic base solution, acidizing the result reaction mixture with an inorganic acid, deprotected the protection group at N-end. The raw materials are inexpensive. The synthesis process is not difficult. It not necessary to separate the intermediate, or to purify it. It is easy to separate and purify the product. The reagents used in the process are less toxicity so that it is suit for environment.