anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Oral dosage forms for peptide drugs (I) contain (I) in a matrix of gelatin, fractionated gelatin, collagen hydrolysate or derivatised gelatin, together with carriers and additives. The gelatin has a peak molecular wt. of 10 power 4- 10 power 7. The dosage forms may have a multilayer or core/shell structure, esp. with a slow-release first layer or shell and a fast-release second layer or core. The dosage forms are tablets. USE/ADVANTAGE - The dosage forms are esp. useful for oral admin. of insulin in the treatment of diabetes. Other peptide hormones, e.g. corticotropin, may also be formulated in this way. By appropriate choice of gelatin type, (I) may be released in the small intestine or colon, thus avoiding degradation by peptidase enzyme
Only the 'Desktop Helper (version 10)' will be integrated in the EMR system. Specifically, GPs will receive a notification about the 'Desktop Helper (version 10)'. This notification will inform general practitioners about the option in the Medicom Smart Module to identify COPD patients with comorbidities who have one or more 'medication-comorbidity clashes' (i.e. undesired interactions between medications for COPD and comorbid conditions).
EMDR is a psychotherapy method used in the treatment of psychological traumas. The Flash technique is considered one of the fastest and most effective techniques of EMDR. The self-therapy application allows users to apply the Flash technique by themselves by following guidelines, aiming to reduce depression, anxiety, and stress levels associated with traumatic memories. Applications like "Self-Therapy" could serve as an important model for the development and widespread adoption of remote psychological support services. With this project, individuals experiencing stressful life events could support their own healing process through a mobile application. This could lay the foundation for the development and expansion of similar mobile applications, thereby inspiring new projects and studies aimed at enhancing and increasing the accessibility of post-traumatic support services. The ease of access to psychotherapy through a mobile application could help increase societal awareness and acceptance of psychological health services.The "Self-Therapy" project is specifically designed for adults aged 18 and older who have experienced a traumatic or stressful event and perceive a decline in their quality of life due to its effects. The mobile application, available for download on both the Apple Store and Google Play, is primarily intended for individuals diagnosed with a mental health disorder, and it is recommended that they use the application under the guidance and recommendation of their psychiatrist.

The application employs a virtual guide, an avatar named Therapist Yağmur, who leads users through the program. Through the avatar's instructions, users engage in the Flash technique to actively address and work through their traumatic memories. Additionally, the application includes relaxation exercises that can be utilized as needed. Users are able to track their progress within the app, enabling them to pause and resume their therapeutic journey as required, thereby facilitating a self-directed approach to managing and potentially mitigating the impacts of their traumatic experiences.
Gallstones are a prevalent biliary system disorder that is particularly common in women. They can lead to various complications, such as biliary colic, infection, cholecystitis, and even gallbladder cancer. However, the etiology of gallstones remains incompletely understood. The significant role of bacteria in gallstone formation has been demonstrated in recent studies. Certain bacteria not only influence bile composition and the gallbladder environment but also actively participate in stone formation by producing enzymes such as β-glucuronidase and mucus. Therefore, this review aimed to analyze the mechanisms involving the types and quantities of bacteria involved in gallstone formation, providing valuable references for understanding the etiology and clinical treatment of gallstones.
Patient with acute coronary syndrome will be included. They will have sprints, vertical jumps, questionary Short Form-12 (SF-12), activity actigraph and program of usual practice.
The invention relates to a kind of natural medicine of broad spectrum antibiotic. At present, the broad spectrum antibiotic medicine with high effect and safety is at shortage all round the world. The invention is intended to extract laminarinsulphate or sulphonic acid sugar ester or sulphosalts from plant chickweed or other chickweed plant with two resin adsorption methods or a water extraction and alcohol precipition method. The spectrum antibiotic in the invention is distributed under 50,000 in the formula weight formed by carbon glycosidic bond and/or oxide glycosidic bond with phenol, especially the total flavones comprising apigenin. However, the invention mainly acts as total phenolic glycoside with the formula weight under 4,000. Besides, the invention can form brownish compound with the total flavones comprising apigenin and the glycosidic ingredients without sulfur element, so as to be applied as broad spectrum antibiotic drug. Therefore, the compound in the invention can be applied to cure ADIS virus, hepatitis virus, influenza virus and parainfluenza virus comprising SARS, adenovirus, verruca acuminate virus, enterovirus, mumps virus, herpes simplex virus, herpes zoster virus and varicella. No toxic effect has been found in the application. What is more, the invention can be made into 10 sorts of formulation, disinfector and health-improving products.
Participants will undergo instrumented PLF at one or two adjacent levels from L2-S1 with PEEK interbody cages (containing allograft or autograft) using nanOss Bioactive in combination with autograft and bone marrow aspirate in the posterolateral gutter on one side. Autograft alone will be used in the opposite posterolateral gutter.
Most of an administered dose is swallowed as shown by fecal excretion studies. Ipratropium bromide is a quaternary amine. It is not readily absorbed into the systemic circulation either from the surface of the lung or from the gastrointestinal tract as confirmed by blood level and renal excretion studies.

Autoradiographic studies in rats have shown that ipratropium bromide does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The half-life of elimination is about 2 hours after inhalation or intravenous administration. Ipratropium bromide is minimally bound (0 to 9% in vitro) to plasma albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein. It is partially metabolized to inactive ester hydrolysis products. Following intravenous administration, approximately one-half of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine.

A pharmacokinetic study with 29 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (48-79 years of age) demonstrated that mean peak plasma ipratropium concentrations of 59±20 pg/mL were obtained following a single administration of 4 inhalations of ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol (84 mcg). Plasma ipratropium concentrations rapidly declined to 24±15 pg/mL by six hours. When these patients were administered 4 inhalations QID (16 inhalations/day=336 mcg) for one week, the mean peak plasma ipratropium concentration increased to 82±39 pg/mL with a trough (6 hour) concentration of 28±12 pg/mL at steady state.
DEMEROL (meperidine hydrochloride, USP) Tablet and Oral Solution are opioid agonists. DEMEROL Tablets are available as 50 mg and 100 mg Tablets for oral administration. The chemical name is 4-Piperidinecarboxylic acid, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-, ethyl ester, hydrochloride. The molecular weight is 283,80. Its molecular formula is C15H21NO2·HCl, and it has the following chemical structure.

Meperidine hydrochloride is a white crystalline substance with a melting point of 186°C to   
  
189°C. It is readily soluble in water and has a neutral reaction and a slightly bitter taste. The solution is not decomposed by a short period of boiling.

The Tablets contain 50 mg or 100 mg of meperidine hydrochloride.

The DEMEROL Oral Solution is a pleasant-tasting, nonalcoholic, banana-flavored solution containing 50 mg of meperidine hydrochloride, per 5 mL (10 mg/mL).

The Inactive Ingredients in DEMEROL Tablets include: Calcium Sulfate, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Starch, Stearic Acid, and Talc. The Tablets are white, round and convex. The 50 mg is a scored tablet and has a stylized “W” on one side and “D” over “35” on the other side. The 100 mg is a scored tablet and has a stylized “W” on one side and “D” over “37” on the other side.

The Inactive Ingredients in DEMEROL Oral Solution include: Benzoic Acid, Flavor, Liquid Glucose, Purified Water, Saccharin Sodium.
Long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of non‑coding RNA molecules located in the cytoplasm or nucleus, which can regulate chromosome structure and function by interacting with DNA, RNA, proteins and other molecules; binding to mRNA bases in a complementary manner, affecting the splicing, stabilization, translation and degradation of mRNA; acting as competing endogenous RNA competitively binds to microRNAs to regulate gene expression and participate in the regulation of various vital activities of the body. The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway plays a key role in numerous biological and cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. It has been found that the lncRNA/PI3K/AKT axis regulates the expression of cancer‑related genes and thus tumour progression. The abnormal regulation of lncRNA expression in the lncRNA/PI3K/AKT axis is clearly associated with clinicopathological features and plays an important role in regulating biological functions. In the present review, the expression and biological functions of PI3K/AKT‑related lncRNAs both in vitro and in vivo over recent years, were comprehensively summarized and analyzed. Their correlation with clinicopathological features was also evaluated, with the objective of furnishing a solid theoretical foundation for clinical diagnosis and the monitoring of efficacy in digestive system neoplasms. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the expression and biological functions of PI3K/AKT‑related lncRNAs in digestive system neoplasms and to assess their correlation with clinicopathological features. This endeavor seeks to establish a solid theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and efficacy monitoring of digestive system tumors.
Background and Objectives: Our aim was to clarify the oncological outcomes of the two different approaches to laparoscopic nephroureterectomies (LNUs) in Japan, and to examine whether there were any significant differences between the transperitoneal approach and the retroperitoneal approach. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent an LNU for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) from January 2013 to December 2022. We identified 52 patients who underwent a transperitoneal LNU (tLNU) and 93 who underwent a retroperitoneal LNU (rLNU). We adopted age, smoking, and pT-stage matching, and 43 patients were classified in each group. We investigated the time from surgery to recurrence (RFS: recurrence-free survival), the time to death (OS: overall survival), and the time to non-urothelial-tract recurrence-free survival (NUTRFS). A Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors that influenced recurrence. Results: There were no significant differences in the RFS, OS, and NUTRFS between the two matched groups. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the pT stage (pT3≥ vs. pT2≤) had an HR = 2.09 and a p = 0.01, and was an independent prognostic risk factor regarding cancer recurrence. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the oncological outcomes between the tLNU and rLNU groups. It is suggested that the transperitoneal approach should be selected for LNUs.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic which possesses an excellent sensory characteristic (refreshing feeling) and is useful as a base for hair and skin cosmetics, a detergent, an emulsion and a conditioning agent by formulating an anionic surfactant with a specific molecular structure thereto. SOLUTION: The objective cosmetic is obtained by formulating an anionic surfactant of the formula [(n) is 8-18; Y is a sulfate group or a phosphate group] in an amount of 0.01-50 wt.%, preferably in particular 1-20 wt. %, based on the whole weight of the cosmetic for skin and hair (composition). The compound of the formula is prepared by reacting epoxide decan with ethylene glycol at 140 deg.C for 5 hrs. under stirring in the presence of a catalytic amount of alumina. After removal of the unreacted stylene glycol under reduced pressure, the residue is dissolved into dichloromethan, and the resultant solution is gradually added dropwise into acetic acid containing chlorosulfuric acid with keeping at 0 deg.C and stirred for 3 hrs. and further 2 hrs. at room temperature.  Then, the reaction solution is neutralized with an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and distribution-extracted with n-butanol/water. After removal of the solvent, the objective cosmetic is obtained.
OBJECTIVE: We developed a novel method for thyroidectomy using a single-incision oral vestibular approach. To assess its advantages and disadvantages, we compared the perioperative parameters of this approach with those of transoral three-incision thyroidectomy and trans-areolar thyroidectomy.
METHODS: In a study of 136 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients (2016-2018), precise thyroidectomy and neck dissection were conducted. Among them, 52 chose single-incision oral vestibular approach, 33 chose three-incision variant, and 51 underwent trans-areolar thyroidectomy. Perioperative aspects of the transoral single-incision group were compared with those of transoral three-incision group, and transthoracic group.
RESULTS: In the cohort, meticulous tumor level VI lymph node dissection was performed, achieving intended resection extent with one case requiring a switch from transoral to transthoracic approach. No nerve palsy occurred in the transoral group. Thyroidectomy duration varied significantly across groups. Transoral single-incision had a shorter duration than transoral three-incision and longer than transthoracic. Minor differences were observed in blood loss and drainage. Perioperative factors like hematoma, infection, hypocalcemia, et al., remained consistent. Notably, no tumor recurrence was observed in this study.
CONCLUSIONS: This new transoral video-assisted neck surgery (TOVANS) method for thyroidectomy without gas insufflation approach did not increase the surgical complexity compared with the transoral vestibular three-incision thyroidectomy and the trans-areolar thyroidectomy.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:2976-2984, 2024.
Before starting the study, the "Structured Patient Information Form," "Edmonton Symptom Diagnosis Scale," and "Oxford Happiness Scale Short Form" were applied to the patients. Then, the researcher gave the patients face-to-face information about the robotic cat "Silver" and its use for approximately 15 minutes in the waiting room and offered them a "Robotic Cat Information Brochure." In each pet therapy application, patients' hand hygiene and cleaning of the Robotic Cat was provided, the robot cat was given to the patients.
Despite hundreds of studies demonstrating the involvement of neuron-glia-immune interactions in the establishment and/or maintenance of persistent pain behaviors in animals, the role (or even occurrence) of so-called "neuroinflammation" in human pain has been an object of contention for decades. Here, I present the results of multiple positron emission tomography (PET) studies measuring the levels of the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a putative neuroimmune marker, in individuals with various pain conditions. Overall, these studies suggest that brain TSPO PET signal: (1) is elevated, compared to healthy volunteers, in individuals with chronic low back pain (with additional elevations in spinal cord and neuroforamina), fibromyalgia, migraine and other conditions characterized by persistent pain; (2) has a spatial distribution exhibiting a degree of disorder specificity; (3) is parametrically linked to pain characteristics or comorbid symptoms (eg, nociplastic pain, fatigue, depression), as well as measures of brain function (ie, functional connectivity), in a regionally-specific manner. In this narrative, I also discuss important caveats to consider in the interpretation of this work (eg, regarding the cellular source of the signal and the complexities inherent in its acquisition and analysis). While the biological and clinical significance of these findings awaits further work, this emerging preclinical literature supports a role of neuron-glia-immune interactions as possible pathophysiological underpinnings of human chronic pain. Gaining a deeper understanding of the role of neuroimmune function in human pain would likely have important practical implications, possibly paving the way for novel interventions.
23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is hypertonic and must be diluted prior to administration. Inadvertent direct injection or absorption of concentrated sodium chloride solution may give rise to sudden hypernatremia and such complications as cardiovascular shock, central nervous system disorders, specifically osmotic demyelination syndrome, extensive hemolysis, cortical necrosis of the kidneys and severe local tissue necrosis (if administered extravascularly).

Solutions containing sodium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing sodium may result in sodium retention. The intravenous administration of this solution (after appropriate dilution) can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of other serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema.

Excessive administration of potassium-free solutions may result in significant hypokalemia.

WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.

Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
The medicine is prepared with saline cistanche, deglued anter powder, Chinese pyrola herb, etc. as main Chinese medicinal materials and Lycium chinense, laminaria, safflower, etc. as auxiliary Chinese medicinal materials. It has the functions of invigorating kidney, softening dry faces, invigorating spleen and stomach, eliminating wetness-evil, relieving pain, etc. and can strengthen calcium ion metabolism and prevent and treat hyperosteogeny effectively. It has no toxic side effect.
384 participants will be recruited to participate (n=32/group) ensuring equal numbers based on gender (men and women), income (low and medium-high), and age (18-35, 36-55, \>56 years). Participants will be asked to prepare a 3-day food record representative of their current dietary intake. Participants will then be told, "Health Canada has approved the following health claim: 40g of ground flaxseed per day has been shown to help lower cholesterol, which is a risk factor for heart disease." Without any further guidance, participants will then be asked to modify their diet to achieve 40g per day of flaxseeds for the following 2 weeks. They will be asked to prepare another 3-day food record so we can see if/how their diet changed. At the end of the 2-week period, participants will be asked if they were successful with the changes and what barriers they faced in implementing these changes. This survey will be accomplished remotely with informed consent and communication with participants happening over the phone or videoconference. Participants will mail the food records to clinical trial staff. Analysis of food records will identify the food choices used to achieve dietary change, if these changes altered nutrient intake compared to their usual diet and if they were able to achieve the target laid out (ie. 40g flaxseed per day). A questionnaire will be used to identify barriers to implementation of dietary change (ie. price, availability, sensory aspects of food, ease of preparation).
Exercise therapy will be applied for 8 weeks. Selected balance, coordination and walking exercises according to the individual needs of patients. After 1 week washout period exercise therapy and whole body vibration will be applied together for 8 weeks.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antipruritic agent containing an alkaloidal ingredient extracted from a plant which is effective against acute and chronic itching and has high safety as an active ingredient.  <P>SOLUTION: This antipruritic agent comprises, as the active ingredient, the alkaloid containing, as a main ingredient, oxymatrine or matrine contained in Sophora flavescens aiton and the other leguminous plants. The extract and the alkaloid fraction have remarkable antipruritic action and is useful as the antipruritic agent. For example, the agent is effective against atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, senile skin pruritus, insect bites, urticaria, eczema, psoriasis, or the like, and further effective for treatment of internal organs accompanying itching, e.g. hepatic diseases, renal failure, malignant tumor, diabetes mellitus.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Lung cancer is known for its high mortality; many patients already present with metastases at the time of diagnosis. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of new treatment strategies on the survival of primarily metastatic lung cancer patients and to analyze the differences in outcomes between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Population-based data, provided by the Robert-Koch Institute in Germany, was used and patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2018 were included in the study. We differentiated between NSCLC and SCLC patients and analyzed the survival over time for both sexes separately, using the Kaplan-Meier method. To evaluate survival advantages, we calculated multivariable hazard ratios. In total, 127,723 patients were considered for the study. We observed a moderate increase in survival over time. All patients showed an increased survival rate when undergoing chemotherapy. Minimal to no increase in survival was shown in NSCLC patients when receiving radiotherapy, whereas SCLC patients' survival time did benefit from it. NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy showed an increase in survival as well. It can be concluded that advancements in radiotherapy, the application of chemotherapy, and the introduction of immunotherapies lead to an increased survival time of both NSCLC and SCLC primarily metastatic lung cancer patients.