anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A device for delivering nicotine to a subject, comprises a housing. The housing comprises an inlet 1410 and an outlet in communication with each other and adapted so that a gaseous carrier may pass into the housing through the inlet 1410, through the housing and out of the housing through the outlet. The device comprises in series from inlet 1410 to outlet a first internal area in communication with the inlet and a second internal area in communication with the first internal area. The first internal area comprises a delivery enhancing compound source 1500, and the second internal area comprises a nicotine source 1420. The delivery enhancing compound source 1500 comprises an inorganic acid or a carboxylic acid 1430. The nicotine source 1420 comprises nicotine and an electrolyte forming compound, both in an aqueous solution. The electrolyte forming compound is an Alkali metal hydroxide, an Alkali metal oxide, an Alkaline earth metal oxide, an Alkaline earth metal hydroxide, or a combination thereof.
Treatment   


If an acetaminophen overdose is suspected, obtain a serum acetaminophen assay as soon as possible, but no sooner than 4 hours following oral ingestion. Obtain liver function studies initially and repeat at 24-hour intervals. Administer the antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as early as possible. As a guide to treatment of acute ingestion, the acetaminophen level can be plotted against time since oral ingestion on a nomogram (Rumack-Matthew). The lower toxic line on the nomogram is equivalent to 150 mcg/mL at 4 hours and 37.5 mcg/mL at 12 hours. If serum level is above the lower line, administer the entire course of NAC treatment. Withhold NAC therapy if the acetaminophen level is below the lower line.

For additional information, call a poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.
PURPOSE:To obtain an antiinflammatory and antiallergic agent, comprising a sesquiterpene derivative as an active ingredient and having antileukotriene action and high safety. CONSTITUTION:The objective antiinflammatory and antiallergic agent comprises a compound expressed by formula I (R... is HO or O=), i.e., sec-cedrenol of formula II or cedrenone of formula III as an active ingredient. The compound expressed by formula II is obtained by oxidizing alpha-cedrene, present in cedar oil and expressed by formula IV in the presence of cobalt resinate or reacting the compound expressed by formula IV with a microorganism belonging to the genus Rhodococcus. On the other hand, the compound expressed by formula III is a constituent ingredient contained in the oil of Toona sinensis Roem. and can be separated and purified from the oil of the Toona sinensis Roem. according to a conventional method. Furthermore, this compound is obtained by oxidizing a compound expressed by formula IV in the presence of the cobalt resinate or oxidizing the compound expressed by formula II in the presence of chromic anhydride, pyridinium chlorochromate, etc., as a catalyst.
Participants in the intervention group (n = 36) will be administered the Epilepsy Education Programme based on Pender's Health Promotion Model by the researcher and will be given the education booklet developed by the researcher in line with the literature. The training topics of the intervention programme are: General information about epilepsy, seizure moment management, management of antiepileptic drug treatments, controlling the factors that may trigger seizures, and recommendations to parents about health promoting and protective behaviours. In the training, learning and teaching techniques such as presentation, video demonstration, question and answer sections, lecture and discussion will be applied. The training will last approximately one hour.
Participants with ROS1 fusion-positive locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors will receive JYP0322 at a dose of 150 mg bid. This arm aims to determine the optimal dosing for safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficacy.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to determine the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) and mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia (MBTI) for perinatal insomnia relative to sleep education and hygiene, which is a minimal intervention control. The long-term goal is to maximize the effectiveness of insomnia treatment for perinatal women by adapting safe and efficacious treatments to meet the evolving needs of women through pregnancy and postpartum. Over half of pregnant women develop insomnia, which is associated with high rates of depression during pregnancy and postpartum. By successfully treating insomnia during pregnancy and improving cognitive-emotion regulation, mental health of pregnant and postpartum women may be substantially improved. In a prior clinical trial, Dr. Kalmbach (PI) showed that digital CBTI (i.e., fully automated online program) improved sleep during pregnancy, and offered some protection against sleep problems after childbirth. Women in this prior trial were highly satisfied with CBTI and the ability to participate in treatment remotely. However, the investigators identified important shortcomings of CBTI in this population. Namely, standard CBTI was ineffective at reducing cognitive arousal and depression. Preliminary data suggest that MBTI may effectively reduce cognitive arousal in insomnia patients, which has immense potential to enhance sleep and mental health outcomes in perinatal insomnia. Thus, the investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of MBTI and CBTI for perinatal insomnia relative to a minimal intervention control.

The current study is a 3-arm RCT comparing CBTI and MBTI to sleep education and hygiene minimal intervention control for the treatment of perinatal insomnia. 120 women with insomnia symptoms will be treated beginning in pregnancy and into early postpartum. CBTI and MBTI will address changes in sleep symptoms and challenges that emerge after childbirth. The investigators will collect outcome data on insomnia symptoms and related health outcomes (e.g., cognitive arousal, depression) after prenatal treatment and monthly across the first postpartum year. The investigators will determine the efficacy of the investigator's CBTI and MBTI protocols for perinatal insomnia relative to minimal intervention control. The investigators will then compare the effects of CBTI and MBTI on short- and long-term outcomes.
Halting and reversing glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease (GTR-OSD) will improve the success of long-term medical therapy, impacting millions of patients worldwide. Chronic medical therapy for glaucoma may be immensely benefitted by limiting disabling GTR-OSD, which would aid in the prevention of blindness. In 2015 a novel cationic formulation of cyclosporine A 0.1% was approved with once in the evening dosing in Europe. It is an effective, targeted immunomodulatory compound reducing inflammatory mediators and providing healing of the ocular epithelium. There remains however a paucity of published controlled evidence for GTR-OSD patients treated with this formulation. In addition, there is a lack of evidence on the impact of switching from a combined preserved anti-glaucoma regimen, to a preservative-free one, while employing sufficiently robust OSD metrics. The investigators have therefore carried out a single center prospective, crossover investigation to compare the 6-month effect of switching well controlled open-angle glaucoma patients with at least moderate GTR-OSD, from preserved to triple PF therapy with and without PF cyclosporine 0.1% dosed in the evening.
The present invention relates to 4-(1-phenyl-1H-[1,2,31triazol-4-yl)-phenyl sulfamate derivatives as new compounds. The subject of the invention is the medical use of 4-(1-phenyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl)-phenyl sulfamate derivatives. The subject of the invention is the use of new compounds as an agent with the properties of a steroid sulfatase inhibitor and / or an estrogen receptor modulator. The present invention relates to the medical use of novel compounds for use as estrogen receptor modulator. In particular, 4-(1-phenyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl)-phenyl sulfamate derivatives are for use as medicament in cancer therapy. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these new compounds, wherein the derivatives of 4-(1-phenyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl)-phenol are the intermediate product from which the sulfamate derivatives are obtained. In particular, sulfamate derivatives of formula 1 are provided:
Constipation is often defined as the absence of a bowel movement for 3 consecutive days. The incidence of constipation in critically ill patients is estimated to be 50-80%. Constipation in the ICU is associated with various undesirable clinical outcomes, including: increased rate of infections, prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, greater hospital length of stay, worsening of organ dysfunction, and even higher mortality.

Typical first-line agents for the management of ICU constipation include stool softeners (e.g. docusate) and bowel stimulants (e.g. senna glycol or bisacodyl), and these are often used prophylactically in critically ill patients. However, a significant proportion of patients require additional therapy to promote laxation , the most common being osmotic agents such as propylene glycol or lactulose. Often, multiple doses of osmotic agents over several days are required to achieve acceptable laxation rates during critical illness. As such, this has prompted the need for targeted therapy to improve constipation in the ICU.

Among major risk factors for constipation in the ICU are the lack of bowel stimulation via nutrition and exposure to high doses of continuous opioids . Indeed, clinical data suggests that early enteral nutrition promotes laxation in ICU patients. And recently, methylnaltrexone, a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist, has shown promising results in its ability to reverse opioid-induced constipation. However, methylnaltrexone is delivered via subcutaneous injection and its absorption is likely to be variable in critically ill patients who often receive aggressive fluid resuscitation and have significant peripheral edema. The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved the use of naloxegol, a μ-opioid receptor antagonist available in tablet form, for the management of opioid-induced constipation in non-cancer chronic pain patients.
A method of treating Alzheimer's disease provides for administering NSC to a susceptible individual. Preferably the NSCs are administered intracisternally. Other administration routes are spinal injection, ventricular injection or systemic injection. Preferably, the quantity of NSC administered is in a range of about 400,000 to about 40,000,000. More preferably, the quantity of NSC is about 1,000,000 to about 10,000,000. The NSCs are administered at multiple locations. The NSCs can be administered to the neocortex or other affected areas of both hemispheres. The method of preventing further deterioration in cognitive function in a person diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease provides for administering NSC to the person in sufficient quantity to prevent additional loss of cognitive function.
PURPOSE: A composition for prevention and alleviation of diabetes is provided to contain Angelika keiskei koid extract extracted from by-products generated in juicing Angelica keiskei koid. CONSTITUTION: Extract of Angelika keiskei koid by an organic solvent is manufactured. Water is added to the Angelika keiskei koid extract to remove water-soluble components. The extract in which water-soluble components have been removed is added to alcohol with 1-6 carbons to obtain alcohol melting fraction and to manufacture Angelika keiskei koid extract. A composition for prevention and alleviation of diabetes contains Angelika keiskei koid extract as an active ingredient. The Angelika keiskei koid extract is extract of Angelika keiskei koid by an organic solvent. The organic solvent is any one solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohol with 1-6 carbons, acetone, ethylacetate, n-hexane, diethylether, acetone and benzene. [Reference numerals] (AA) 0 minutes; (BB) 30 minutes; (CC) 60 minutes; (DD) 90 minutes; (EE) 120 minutes; (FF) Control group; (GG) Angelica Keiskei Koid. extract; (HH) Angelica Keiskei Koid. concentrate;
The meat derived from mammals such as cows, sheep, and pigs is commonly referred to as red meat. Recent studies have shown that consuming red meat can activate the immune system, produce antibodies, and subsequently develop into tumors and cancer. This is due to the presence of a potential carcinogenic compound in red meat called N-ethanol neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). Neu5Gc is a common sialic monosaccharide in mammals, synthesized from N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) in the body and typically present in most mammals. However, due to the lack of the CMAH gene encoding the cytidine 5'-monophosphate Neu5Ac hydroxylase, humans are unable to synthesize Neu5Gc. Compared to primates such as mice or chimpanzees, the specific loss of Neu5Gc expression in humans is attributed to fixed genome mutations in CMAH. Although Neu5Gc cannot be produced, it can be introduced from specific dietary sources such as red meat and milk, so it is necessary to use mice or chimpanzees that knock out the CMAH gene instead of humans as experimental models. Further research has shown that early pregnancy factor (EPF) has the ability to regulate CD4+T cell-dependent immune responses. In this study, we established a simulated human animal model using C57/BL6 mice with CMAH gene knockout and analyzed the inhibitory effect of EPF on red meat Neu5Gc-induced CMAH-/- C57/BL6 mouse antibody production and chronic inflammation development. The results showed that the intervention of EPF reduced slow weight gain and shortened colon length in mice. In addition, EPF treatment significantly reduced the levels of anti Neu5Gc antibodies in the body, as well as the inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1β, TNF-α and the activity of MPO. In addition, it also alleviated damage to liver and intestinal tissues and reduced the content of CD4 cells and the expression of B cell activation molecules CD80 and CD86 in mice. In summary, EPF effectively inhibited Neu5Gc-induced antibody production, reduced inflammation levels in mice, and alleviated Neu5Gc-induced inflammation. This will provide a new re-search concept and potential approach for developing immunosuppressants to address safety issues related to long-term consumption of red meat.
Participants received CK-2127107 500 milligram (mg), orally, twice daily for 2 weeks in treatment period 1 followed by matching placebo orally, twice daily for 2 weeks in treatment period 2. A washout period of 2 weeks was maintained between the two treatment periods.
Serum Electrolytes: See PRECAUTIONS.

Creatinine: Minor reversible increases in serum creatinine were observed in patients with essential hypertension treated with Lotensin HCT. Such increases occurred most frequently in patients with renal artery stenosis (see PRECAUTIONS).

PBI and Tests of Parathyroid Function: See PRECAUTIONS.

Other (Causal Relationships Unknown): Other clinically important changes in standard laboratory tests were rarely associated with Lotensin HCT administration. Elevations in blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, glucose, SGOT, and SGPT have been reported (see WARNINGS). In the somewhat larger patient population exposed to benazepril monotherapy in U.S. trials, the same abnormalities were reported, together with scattered accounts of hyponatremia, melena, electrocardiographic changes, leukopenia, eosinophilia, and proteinuria.
BACKGROUND: Acute aortic regurgitation is life-threatening with few nonsurgical options for immediate stabilization. We propose Trans-Aortic Balloon to Ease Regurgitation Applying Counter-Pulsation (TABERNACL), a simple, on-table temporary valve using commercially available equipment to temporize acute severe aortic regurgitation.
METHODS: We hypothesize that an appropriately sized commercial balloon dilatation catheter-straddling the aortic annulus and connected to a counterpulsation console-can serve as a temporizing valve to restore hemodynamic stability in acute aortic regurgitation. We performed benchtop testing of valvuloplasty, angioplasty, and sizing balloons as counterpulsation balloons. TABERNACL was assessed in vivo in a porcine model of acute aortic regurgitation (n=8). We also tested a static undersized, continuously inflated transvalvular balloon as a spacer intended physically to obstruct the regurgitant orifice.
RESULTS: Benchtop testing identified that Tyshak II and PTS sizing (NuMed Braun) balloon catheters performed adequately as temporary valves (ie, complete inflation and deflation with each cycle) and resisted fatigue, in contrast to others. When TABERNACL was used in the acute severe regurgitation animals, there was immediate hemodynamic improvement, with a significant 35% increase in diastolic aortic pressure by 16 mm Hg ([95% CI, 7-25] P=0.0056), 34% reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by -7 mm Hg ([95% CI, -10 to -5] P=0.0006), improvement in the aortic diastolic index by 0.28 ([95% CI, 0.18-0.39] P=0.0009), and reversal of electrocardiographic myocardial ischemia. As an alternative, static balloon inflation across the aortic valve stabilized regurgitation hemodynamics at the expense of a new aortic gradient and caused excessive ectopy from balloon movement in the left ventricular outflow tract.
CONCLUSIONS: TABERNACL improves hemodynamics and reduces coronary ischemia by electrocardiography in animals with acute severe aortic regurgitation. TABERNACL valves obstruct the diastolic regurgitant orifice without systolic obstruction. This may prove a lifesaving bridge to definitive valve replacement therapy.
Marking clips will be placed with endoscopy at the upper end of the stricture. In mild stricture cases that allowed the passage of the endoscope, marking clips will also placed in the lower end. A stent that of at least 4 cm longer than the stricture will be used to allow at least a 2-cm extension above and below the proximal and distal tumor margins. The stent positioned over a guidewire and deployed under fluoroscopy guidance and, in some cases, also under endoscopy guidance. Subsequently, the OTSC system will be loaded onto the scope and part of the upper rim of the stent will be suctioned into the transparent cap before releasing the OTSC, grasping both the SEMS and esophageal wall. Investigator will avoid deploying the OTSC in areas of pulsations to prevent potential grasping of the vasculature structure. Only a single OTSC will be placed per participants.
PURPOSE:To improve detection accuracy of pancreatic cancer, by synthesizing a human pancreatic cancer- and human cholecystic cancer-recognition monoclonal antibody capable of specifically recognizing an antigen relating to human pancreatic cancer and an antigen relating to cholecystic cancer. CONSTITUTION:Ascites of a patient of pancreatic cancer is subjected to Sephacryl S-300 gel chromatography and a mouse is immunized with the obtained void fraction. Spleen cell is collected from the mouse and fused with a myeloma cell to obtain an antibody-producing fused cell. The fused cell is pipetted into plural wells and cultured. The supernatant liquid in each well is analyzed e.g. by an enzyme immunoassay to separate a cell specifically bonding with an antigen originated from the ascites of a patient of pancreatic cancer, free from recognition of normal human serum and capable of producing a monoclonal antibody recognizing human pancreatic cancer and human cholecystic cancer. The separated cell is cultured by direct administration tissue culture and the objective monoclonal antibody is separated from the cultured product and purified.
Inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by persistent inflammation. Moreover, the existing treatments for inflammatory diseases only provide temporary relief by controlling symptoms, and treatments of unstable and expensive. Therefore, new therapeutic solutions are urgently needed to address the underlying causes or symptoms of inflammatory diseases. Inflammation frequently coincides with a high level of (reactive oxygen species) ROS activation, serving as a fundamental element in numerous physiological and pathological phenotypes that can result in serious harm to the organism. Given its pivotal role in inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis, ROS represents a focal node for investigating the (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) Nrf2 pathway and ferroptosis, both of which are intricately linked to ROS. Ferroptosis is mainly triggered by oxidative stress and involves iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The transcription factor Nrf2 targets several genes within the ferroptosis pathway. Recent studies have shown that Nrf2 plays a significant role in three key ferroptosis-related routes, including the synthesis and metabolism of glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4, iron metabolism, and lipid processes. As a result, ferroptosis-related treatments for inflammatory diseases have attracted much attention. Moreover, drugs targeting Nrf2 can be used to manage inflammatory conditions. This review aimed to assess ferroptosis regulation mechanism and the role of Nrf2 in ferroptosis inhibition. Therefore, this review article may provide the basis for more research regarding the treatment of inflammatory diseases through Nrf2-inhibited ferroptosis.
This document summarizes the relevant literature for the selection of the initial imaging in five clinical scenarios in patients with suspected or known nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). These clinical scenarios include suspected nonvariceal UGIB without endoscopy performed; endoscopically confirmed nonvariceal UGIB with clear source but treatment not possible or continued bleeding after endoscopic treatment; endoscopically confirmed nonvariceal UGIB without a confirmed source; suspected nonvariceal UGIB with negative endoscopy; and postsurgical or post-traumatic nonvariceal UGIB when endoscopy is contraindicated. The appropriateness of imaging modalities as they apply to each clinical scenario is rated as usually appropriate, may be appropriate, and usually not appropriate to assist the selection of the most appropriate imaging modality in the corresponding clinical scenarios of nonvariceal UGIB. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.
The participants will be instructed to abstain from caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and strenuous exercise all known to affect blood flow to the limb for 12 hours prior to the study day. After being placed on the one-leg kicking chair, baseline measurements will be performed, followed by passive leg movement for 2 minutes. Then participants will perform one-legged knee-extension exercise at submaximal intensity, first at 10% and then at 20% of the previously measured WLpeak, remaining 3.5 minutes at each level, while femoral blood flow is measured. This study day will be repeated within 2-10 days.