anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention belongs to the field of medicine, and provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating depression and a preparation method, a detection method and application thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 1-2 parts of Chenopodium hybridumL., 1-2 parts of large angiopteris rhizome, 1-2 parts of Euonymus sacrosancta Koidz. and 1-2 parts of Polemonium coeruleum. The preparation process is as below: decocting fried Chenopodium hybridumL, large angiopteris rhizome, Euonymus sacrosancta Koidz. and Polemonium coeruleum with water 1-3 times, adding water in the volume 4-15 times, soaking for 0.5-2h, decocting for 0.5-2 h, merging the decoction, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, drying and crushing into a dry powder, adding the accessories, and preparing the powder into tablets, pills, hard capsules, soft capsules and granules by the conventional traditional Chinese pharmaceutical method. The invention also provides a method for determining the content of the traditional Chinese medicine and a fingerprint detection method. The methods have the advantages of high accuracy, stability and repeatability. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be used for the preparation of a medicament for treating insomnia and amnesia.
Observational and genetic studies have reported the relationship between dyslexia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Until now, the causal effect of dyslexia on AD risk has remained unclear. We conducted a two-sample univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal association between dyslexia and the risk of AD, vascular dementia (VD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and its four subtypes. First, we selected 42 dyslexia genetic variants from a large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) dataset and extracted their corresponding GWAS summary statistics from AD, VD, LBD, and FTD. Second, we selected four MR methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO. Heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were then used to evaluate the reliability of all causal estimates. We also conducted multivariable MR (MVMR) and mediation analysis to assess the potential mediating role of cognitive performance (CP) or educational achievement (EA) on the causal association between dyslexia and AD. Two MVMR methods, including MV IVW and MV-Egger, and two-step MR were used to perform the analysis. Using IVW, we found a significant causal association between increased dyslexia and increased risk of AD (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.28, P = 0.006), but not VD, LBD, FTD, or its four subtypes. MR-PRESSO further supported the statistically significant association between dyslexia and AD (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05-1.27, P = 0.006). All sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of causal estimates. Using MV IVW and mediation analysis, we found no causal relationship between dyslexia and AD after adjusting for CP but not EA, CP mediated the total effect of dyslexia on AD with a proportion of 46.32%. We provide genetic evidence to support a causal effect of increased dyslexia on increased risk of AD, which was largely mediated by CP. Reading activity may be a potential intervention strategy for AD by improving cognitive function.
Shotblocker (experimental) group: Patients will undergo standard monitoring. The shotblocker will be sterilized before the procedure. Sterilization of the shotblocker will be controlled by the indicator on the packaging. Necessary sterilization conditions for spinal anesthesia application will be met and the procedure will be performed from the L3 -L4 or L4 -L5 spinal range. During the spinal anesthesia process, the protruding surface of the shot blocker will be placed in the area to be inserted, just before the spinal needle application. The shotblocker will be kept stationary throughout the procedure and pressure will continue to be applied. After entering for the spinal anesthesia procedure, the shot blocker will be removed. During the spinal anesthesia procedure, VAS, patient satisfaction and comfort scale will be applied to the patient in the first 1 minute and at the 24th hour after surgery.
Specifying the role of genetic mutations in cancer development is crucial for effective screening or targeted treatments for people with hereditary cancer predispositions. Our goal here is to find the relationship between a number of cancerogenic mutations and the probability of cancer induction over the lifetime of cancer patients. We believe that the Avrami-Dobrzyński biophysical model can be used to describe this mechanism. Therefore, clinical data from breast and ovarian cancer patients were used to validate this model of cancer induction, which is based on a purely physical concept of the phase-transition process with an analogy to the neoplastic transformation. The obtained values of model parameters established using clinical data confirm the hypothesis that the carcinogenic process strongly follows fractal dynamics. We found that the model's theoretical prediction and population clinical data slightly differed for patients with the age below 30 years old, and that might point to the existence of an ancillary protection mechanism against cancer development. Additionally, we reveal that the existing clinical data predict breast or ovarian cancers onset two years earlier for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
Novel compounds of formula <FORM:1111361/C2/1> where R is a hydrogen atom or a C1- 5 alkyl radical; each of R1 and R2 is a C1- 5 alky radical; X is a halogen atom or a C1- 5 alkyl, C1- 5 haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, C1- 5 alkoxy, C1- 5 alkylthio, aryl, aralkyl, aryloxy or aralkoxy radical, or, taken together, two X radicals on adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring may be combined to form a hydrocarbylene chain containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms between its points of attachment; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and the non-toxic pharmacologically acceptable salts, esters or amides thereof, are prepared by treating a compound of Formula II <FORM:1111361/C2/2> wherein R3 is an alkyl radical, with a reducing agent, and, if desired, hydrolysing the 4-phenoxy-alkanoic acid ester obtained.  The salts are produced by reacting the acid with a base having a non-toxic pharmacologically acceptable cation.  Esters may be obtained from the corresponding acid, e.g. by reacting the acid with an alcohol, or by converting the acid to its halide, and reacting the halide with an alcohol.  Amides may aso be prepared from the acid or acid halide or from the ester.  The 4 - phenoxy - 2 - alkenoic acid ester starting materials may be prepared by treating a 2-phenoxyalkanal with an alkoxycarbonyl-alkylidene - triarylphosphorane or an alkyl dialkoxyphosphinylalkanoate.ALSO:Therapeutic compositions having hypocholesterolemic activity and which can be administered orally or parenterally, contain as active ingredient a compound of formula <FORM:1111361/A5-A6/1> where R is a hydrogen atom or C1-5 alkyl group, each of R1 and R2 is a C1-5 alkyl radical; X is a halogen atom, or a C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, C1-5 alkoxy, C1-5 alkylthio, aryl, aralkyl, aryloxy or aralkoxy radical, or taken together, two X radicals on adjacent carbon atoms may be combined to form a hydrocarbylene chain containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms between its points of attachment, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, or non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, if desired, in association with a further pharmaceutically active compound, e.g. a known hypocholesterolemic or nutritive agent.
###  Risk Summary 

In animal studies, ganciclovir caused maternal and fetal toxicity and embryo-fetal mortality in pregnant mice and rabbits as well as teratogenicity in rabbits at exposures two times the exposure at the recommended human dose (RHD) [see Data]. Although placental transfer of ganciclovir has been shown to occur based on ex vivo experiments with human placenta and in at least one case report in a pregnant woman, no adequate human data are available to establish whether ganciclovir for injection poses a risk to pregnancy outcomes. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in the clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. 

###  Clinical Considerations 

####  Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk 

Most maternal CMV infections are asymptomatic or they may be associated with a self-limited mononucleosis-like syndrome. However, in immunocompromised patients (i.e., transplant patients or patients with AIDS), CMV infections may be symptomatic and may result in significant maternal morbidity and mortality. The transmission of CMV to the fetus is a result of maternal viremia and transplacental infection. Perinatal infection can also occur from exposure of the neonate to CMV shedding in the genital tract. Approximately 10% of children with congenital CMV infection are symptomatic at birth. Mortality in symptomatic infants is about 10% and approximately 50 to 90% of symptomatic surviving newborns experience significant morbidity, including mental retardation, sensorineural hearing loss, microcephaly, seizures, and other medical problems. The risk of congenital CMV infection resulting from primary maternal CMV infection may be higher and of greater severity than that resulting from maternal reactivation of CMV infection.

###  Data 

####  Animal Data 

Daily intravenous doses of ganciclovir were administered to pregnant mice (108 mg/kg/day) and rabbits (60 mg/kg/day), and also to female mice (90 mg/kg) prior to mating, during gestation, and during lactation. Fetal resorptions were present in at least 85% of rabbits and mice. Additional effects observed in rabbits included fetal growth retardation, embryolethality, teratogenicity, and/or maternal toxicity. Teratogenic changes included cleft palate, anophthalmia/microphthalmia, aplastic organs (kidney and pancreas), hydrocephaly, and brachygnathia. In pre/postnatal development studies in mice, there were maternal/fetal toxicity and embryolethality which included fetal effects of hypoplasia of the testes and seminal vesicles in the male offspring, as well as pathologic changes in the nonglandular region of the stomach. The systemic exposure (AUC) of ganciclovir during these studies was approximately 2 times (pregnant mice and rabbits) and 1.7 times (pre/postnatal mice) the exposure in humans at the RHD [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the effect of second look surgery with or without intraperitoneal mitomycin and fluorouracil on the 3 year survival rate of patients with colorectal cancer who are at high risk for peritoneal cavity cancer. II. Compare the quality of life of patients treated with these regimens. III. Compare the toxicity of these regimens in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to center, risk group, presence of symptoms (yes vs no), and isolated disease (yes vs no). After primary surgery, all patients receive 6 months of chemotherapy consisting of leucovorin calcium IV followed by fluorouracil IV over 10 minutes on days 1-5 every 4 weeks. Patients then undergo second look surgery or laparoscopy at 8-12 months. Second look surgery or laparoscopy may be performed earlier if markers increase progressively for unknown reasons or symptoms of peritoneal cancer occur. Patients with recurrent disease that can be resected are randomized to one of two treatment arms. Patients with no residual disease or with unresectable disease are followed for survival. Arm I: Patients undergo complete resection of all detectable lesions followed immediately by intraperitoneal (IP) mitomycin on day 0 and fluorouracil IP on days 1-4. Patients also receive systemic chemotherapy consisting of leucovorin calcium IV over 2 hours and fluorouracil IV bolus, followed by fluorouracil IV over 22 hours on days 1 and 2. Systemic chemotherapy repeats every 2 weeks for 6 months. Arm II: Patients undergo complete or partial resection and then receive systemic chemotherapy as in arm I. Quality of life is assessed at baseline and then every 4 months for 3 years. All patients (including nonrandomized patients) are followed every 4 months for 3 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 152 patients (76 randomized) will be accrued for this study.
BACKGROUND: Balanced insertional translocations (BITs) can increase the risk of infertility, recurrent miscarriages or neonatal birth defects due to chromosomal imbalances in gametes. However, studies on preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for patients carrying BITs are inadequate.
METHODS: A preimplantation genetic genotyping and haplotype analysis approach was developed and implemented in this study. Genome-wide SNP genotyping was performed, followed by core family-based haplotype analysis. The balanced insertion segments in euploid embryos were inferred from the haplotypes inherited from the carrier parent.
RESULTS: A total of 10 BIT carrier couples were enrolled in our study. 15 in vitro fertilisation cycles were conducted, resulting in 73 blastocysts biopsied and subjected to PGT analysis. Among these, 20 blastocysts displayed rearrangement-related imbalances, 13 exhibited de novo aneuploidies, 15 presented a complex anomaly involving both imbalances and additional aneuploidies, while 25 were euploid. Within the euploid embryos, 12 were balanced carrier embryos and 13 were non-carrier embryos. To date, eight non-carrier and one carrier embryos have been transferred, resulting in seven clinical pregnancies. All pregnancies were recommended to perform prenatal diagnosis, our date revealed complete concordance between fetal genetic testing results and PGT results. Presently, five infants have been born from these pregnancies, and two pregnancies are still ongoing.
CONCLUSION: The proposed method facilitates comprehensive chromosome screening and the concurrent identification of balanced insertions or normal karyotypes in embryos. This study offers an effective and universally applicable strategy for BIT carriers to achieve a healthy pregnancy and prevent the transmission of BITs to their offspring.
In arm B, patients will receive first, the OC-DC vaccine in combination with low dose cyclophosphamide, then PEP-DC2 vaccine in combination with low dose cyclophosphamide. Finally, patients will be vaccinated with the personalized PEP-DC2 to continue maintenance vaccination.
UNLABELLED: Many populations experience difficulty accessing eye care, especially in rural areas. Implementing workforce recruitment and retention strategies, as well as task shifting through widening scope of practice, can improve eye care accessibility. This article provides novel evidence on the compatibility of these strategies aimed at enhancing ophthalmic workforce recruitment, retention, and efficacy.
PURPOSE: The global burden of blindness is unequally distributed, affects rural areas more, and is frequently associated with limited access to eye care. The World Health Organization has specified both task shifting and increasing human resources for eye health as instruments to improve access to eye care in underserved areas. However, it is uncertain whether these two instruments are sufficiently compatible to provide positive synergic effects. To address this uncertainty, we conducted a structured literature review and synthesized relevant evidence relating to task shifting, workforce recruitment, retention, and eye care. Twenty-three studies from across the globe were analyzed and grouped into three categories: studies exploring recruitment and retention in human resources for eye health in general, studies discussing the relationship between task shifting and recruitment or retention of health workers in general, and studies specifically discussing task shifting and recruitment or retention in eye care workers.
FINDINGS: Our findings demonstrate that incentives are effective for initiating task shifting and improving recruitment and retention in rural areas with a stronger effect noted in midlevel eye care professionals and trainees. Incentives can take various forms, e.g., financial and nonfinancial. The consideration of context-specific motivational factors is essential when designing strategies to facilitate task shifting and to improve recruitment and retention.
Initially, patients will be given 3mg/kg Vernakalant in 100ml normal saline over 10min. If atrial fibrillation continues after another 15 minutes of observation, patients will receive a second infusion of Vernakalant (2mg/kg), again over 10 minutes. If the initial rhythm has not converted to sinus rhythm after 2 hours, consented patients will be treated with electrical cardioversion using a standard routine protocol.
The categorization of human diseases is mainly based on the affected organ system and phenotypic characteristics. This is limiting the view to the pathological manifestations, while it neglects mechanistic relationships that are crucial to develop therapeutic strategies. This work aims to advance the understanding of diseases and their relatedness beyond traditional phenotypic views. Hence, the similarity among 502 diseases is mapped using six different data dimensions encompassing molecular, clinical, and pharmacological information retrieved from public sources. Multiple distance measures and multi-view clustering are used to assess the patterns of disease relatedness. The integration of all six dimensions into a consensus map of disease relationships reveals a divergent disease view from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), emphasizing novel insights offered by a multi-view disease map. Disease features such as genes, pathways, and chemicals that are enriched in distinct disease groups are identified. Finally, an evaluation of the top similar diseases of three candidate diseases common in the Western population shows concordance with known epidemiological associations and reveals rare features shared between Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease. A revision of disease relationships holds promise for facilitating the reconstruction of comorbidity patterns, repurposing drugs, and advancing drug discovery in the future.
Many snakebite deaths in India may remain unreported as these patients still seek treatment from traditional healers or quacks. Though local and systemic toxicity due to snake envenomation is quite common, the clinical presentation as disseminated extensive tissue damage and ulceration is not seen. We present a lady who presented with extensive skin erosions with tissue necrosis in all four limbs and the trunk. The case was successfully managed with antisnake venom, wound debridement, and split skin grafting. Early antisnake venom halts the progression of tissue damage effects of snake venom. The future treatment of these extensive ulcerations may be the use of drugs that can inhibit the hydrolyzing enzymes of snake venom. The case also stresses the need for excellent wound care after the management of systemic envenomation with antivenom treatment.
Vertigo and dizziness comprise a multisensory and multidisciplinary syndrome of different etiologies. The term "cerebellar vertigo and dizziness" comprises a heterogenous group of disorders with clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction and is caused by vestibulo-cerebellar, vestibulo-spinal or cerebellar systems. About 10 % of patients in an outpatient clinic for vertigo and balance disorders suffer from cerebellar vertigo and dizziness. According to the course of the symptoms, one can considers 3 types: permanent complaints, recurrent episodes of vertigo and balance disorders, or an acute onset of complaints. The most common diagnoses in patients with cerebellar vertigo and dizziness were as follows: degenerative disease, hereditary forms and acquired forms. In a subgroup of patients with cerebellar vertigo, central cerebellar oculomotor dysfunction is indeed the only clinical correlate of the described symptoms. 81 % of patients with cerebellar vertigo suffer from permanent, persistent vertigo and dizziness, 31 % from vertigo attacks, and 21 % from both. Typical clinical cerebellar signs, including gait and limb ataxia or dysarthria, were found less frequently. Key to diagnosis is a focused history as well as a thorough clinical examination with particular attention to oculomotor function. Regarding oculomotor examination, the most common findings were saccadic smooth pursuit, gaze-evoked nystagmus, provocation nystagmus, rebound nystagmus, central fixation nystagmus, most commonly downbeat nystagmus, and disturbances of saccades. Thus, oculomotor examination is very sensitive in diagnosing cerebellar vertigo and dizziness, but not specific in distinguishing different etiologies. Laboratory examinations using posturography and a standardized gait analysis can support the diagnosis, but also help to estimate the risk of falls and to quantify the course and possible symptomatic treatment effects. Patients with cerebellar vertigo and dizziness should receive multimodal treatment.
Airway fibrosis is among the pathological manifestations of benign central airway obstruction noted in the absence of effective treatments and requires new drug targets to be developed. Slit guidance ligand 2-roundabout guidance receptor 1 (Slit2-Robo1) is involved in fibrosis and organ development. However, its significance in airway fibrosis has not yet been reported. The study explored how the recombinant protein Slit2 functions in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-mediated airway fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. In this study, Slit2 expression initially increased in the tracheal granulation tissues of patients with tracheobronchial stenosis but decreased in the fibrotic tissue. In primary rat tracheal fibroblasts (RTFs), recombinant Slit2 inhibited the expression of extracellular matrices such as Timp1, α-SMA, and COL1A2, whereas recombinant TGF-β1 promoted the expression of Robo1, α-SMA, and COL1A2. Slit2 and TGF-β1 played a mutual inhibitory role in RTFs. Slit2 supplementation and Robo1 downregulation inhibited excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition induced by TGF-β1 in RTFs via the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Ultimately, exogenous Slit2 and Robo1 knockdown-mediated attenuation of airway fibrosis were validated in a trauma-induced rat airway obstruction model. These findings demonstrate that recombinant Slit2 alleviated pathologic tracheobronchial healing by attenuating excessive ECM deposition. Slit2-Robo1 is an attractive target for further exploring the mechanisms and treatment of benign central airway obstruction.
During osteosynthesis, cerament BVF will be used for the augmentation of the helical blade. Then, systemic Zoledronic acid 5mg will be given intravenously at day 5 after surgery, during hospitalization.