anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations between analytical methods, such as microarray and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); expedient cutoffs; and the lowest possible number of microarrays in analysis for target biomarker estimation in case-control studies.
METHODS: This study included 321 serum specimens, gathered in different case-control studies to test for atherosclerosis and atrial fibrillation. Among them, 48 serum specimens were analyzed using microarray technology. We used ELISA and commercial kits for confirmation of the results.
RESULTS: Three proteins-cadherin-P, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and adenovirus fiber-were shown to have distinctly different values in the case group vs the control group. As a result, we used those proteins as the target for confirmation using our alternative analytical method. Also, these protein values represented the limiting range between the highest and lowest differences in case-control groups. The results of microarray assay were confirmed using ELISA and commercial kits in the same specimens, in which microarray profiling was performed, and also in separate large case-control groups.
CONCLUSIONS: A 1.5-fold difference in the protein content, as measured using microarray technology, was shown to be sufficient for further investigation of the candidate proteins. As few as 3 microarrays were considered sufficient for perspective evaluation of the target proteins. Microarray serum profiling, therefore, provides semiquantitative determination of protein in serum.
This is a 52-week, open-label trial to evaluate the safety and tolerability of GWP42006. Participants who satisfy all eligibility criteria will start GWP42006 at a dose of 2.5 milligrams per kilogram per day (mg/kg/day) and titrate to a target dose of 10 mg/kg/day or 800 mg/day, whichever is smaller, during the first 4 weeks of treatment. If there is intolerance during titration, the participant may be maintained on a dose below 10 mg/kg/day. The maximum dose participants aged 6 years or older can receive will be 20 mg/kg/day or 1600 mg/day, whichever is smaller. Following the final treatment dose, participants will taper GWP42006 10% per day. The investigator will withdraw participants who fail to demonstrate any perceived benefit and may withdraw participants for whom tolerability is poor.
Quantitative determination (sensitive to ng/ml) of an immunologically active substance (A) in a sample comprises photometrically measuring the increase in extinction as a function of time caused by reaction of (A) with its immunological partner (B). The reaction is made measurable by use of sensitised polymeric carrier particles. Concn. of (A) is then calculated from the kinetic measurements. The sample can be treated directly with particles of immunologically inert polymer sensitised by coating with (B) (direct methods), or it is treated with (B) and carrier sensitised with (A) (indirect method). Esp., the carrier particles have a density about the same as water, esp., a latex of carboxylated styrene-butadiene copolymer is used. The pref. particle size is 0.05-0.9 mu. Method is used for assayifany antigen or antibody in biological fluids or cell or tissue extracts; specifically for assaying human choriongonadotrophin (HCG), a rheumatoid factor or morphine. The method is also useful for quality control of sensitised particles; to establish optimum reaction conditions and to standardise antisera.
PURPOSE:The titled band having improved tack to the affected part without providing it with strong irritation, obtained by using chitin, chitosan, or their derivatives as a water-soluble high polymer substance which is dissolved in water or gelatinized with it to show adhesivity, using chitin, chitosan, or their derivatives as a base material. CONSTITUTION:Chitin shown by the formula I , chitosan shown by the formula II or their derivatives are used as a water-soluble high polymer substance which is dissolved in water or gelatinized with water to show adhesivity, and chitin, chitosan, or their derivatives are used as a base material, to give a medical band useful as drug base for the oral cavity, adhesive plaster for the oral cavity, drug base for the nasal cavity, drug base for vaginal suppository, styptic, etc. When water-soluble chitin is used, an aqueous solution of water-soluble chitin (n<=35), etc. is lyophilized, made into a filmy state with 0.3-5mm. thickness, to give a base material in a band state. When a water-insoluble chitin is used, water-insoluble chitin (n>30), etc. is dissolved in an organic solvent, applied, and dried to give a film with 0.05-1mm. thickness, a water-soluble high polymer is laminated onto it, to give a medical band of lamination type.
Patients who receive "Packet 1" will be in group 1, or the treatment group. In this packet will be 4 forms: the consent to participate in the study form, a pre-treatment questionnaire (VAS and other demographic information), post-treatment questionnaire (various questions, including demographic questions \[age, sex, race, height, weight, etc.\], a 10cm (100mm) VAS for pain, a 10cm (100mm) VAS to measure patient satisfaction, and a Likert Scale to measure patient satisfaction), and a form with specific instructions for the physicians to follow that vary depending on whether the instructions are from "Packet 1" or "Packet 2." The physician will be asked to administer a sub-dissociative dose of ketamine for pain control (0.3 mg/kg IV over 3-5 minutes).
The invention comprises compounds of formula <FORM:1042197/C2/1> wherein Ph is an o-phenylene group optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms or alkyl, alkoxy, methylenedioxy or trifluoromethyl groups, Y is a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, and R11 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, acid addition salts thereof, and their preparation by (a) reduction of a compound of formula <FORM:1042197/C2/2> with in one exemplified case simultaneous reduction of a carboxylic ester group in R1 to form a -CH2OH group, (b) reduction of a compound of formula <FORM:1042197/C2/3> (c) reaction of a compound of formula <FORM:1042197/C2/4> wherein X1 is a reactive esterified hydroxyl group, with ammonia or an amine YH, (d) reacting a compound of formula <FORM:1042197/C2/5> with ammonia, hydroxylamine, or an amine YH, with simultaneous or subsequent reduction of the Schiff's base formed, and (e) alkylation of a product by reaction with a reactive ester of an alkanol, or with formaldehyde and formic acid, or by acylation to the corresponding amide followed by reduction. 1-N-Furfurylcarbonyl-benzocyclobutene is prepared by reaction of the corresponding carboxylic acid with thionyl chloride, and reaction of the acid chloride thus formed with furfurylamine. 1-Acetal-benzocyclobutene is prepared by treatment of 1-cyano-benzocyclobutene with methyl magnesium iodide, followed by hydrolysis.  1 - Cyano - 1 - (b  - carbethoxyethyl) - benzocyclobutene is prepared by reaction of 1-cyanobenzocyclobutene with ethyl acrylate in the presence of trimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride.  1-Cyano-5-methoxy-benzocyclobutene and 1-cyano-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzocyclobutene are prepared by reaction of 3-bromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde or 6-bromo-piperonal with malonic acid to give the corresponding o-bromocinnamic acid derivative; hydrogenating this to give the corresponding o-bromo-hydrocinnamic acid derivative, converting this to the corresponding o-bromo-acid chloride by reaction with thionyl chloride, reacting this with ammonia to give the corresponding b -o-bromo-phenyl-propionamide, reacting this with p-toluene-sulphonyl chloride to give the corresponding b -o-bromophenyl-propionitrile and cyclizing this in the presence of potassium amide.  The compounds of the invention have analgesic activity and may be used in pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions in combination with a carrier, for example in forms suitable for oral or parenteral administration such as tablets, capsules, dragees, solutions, suspensions or emulsions.  They may also be used in animal foodstuffs.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,001,070.
Arousal during sleep can result in sleep fragmentation and various physiological effects, impairing cognitive function and raising blood pressure and heart rate. However, the current definition of arousal has limitations in assessing both amplitude and duration, making it challenging to measure sleep fragmentation accurately. Moreover, there is inconsistency among inter-raters in arousal scoring, which renders it susceptible to subjective variability. Therefore, this study aims to identify a highly accurate classifier for each sleep stage by employing optimized feature selection and machine learning models. According to electroencephalography (EEG) signals during the arousal phase, the intensity level was categorized into four levels. For control, the non-arousal cases were used as level 0 and referred as sham arousal, resulting in five arousal intensity levels. Wavelet transform was applied to analyze sleep arousal to extract features from EEG. Based on these features, we classified arousal intensity levels through machine learning algorithms. Due to the different characteristics of EEG in each sleep stage, the classification model was optimized for the four sleep stages. Excluding sham arousals, a total of 13,532 arousal events were used. The lowest intensity in the entire data, level 1, was computed to be 3107, level 2 was 3384, level 3 was 3472, and the highest intensity of level 4 was 3,569. The optimized classification model for each sleep stage achieved an average sensitivity of 82.68%, specificity of 95.68%, and AUROC of 96.30%. The sensitivity of the control, arousal intensity level 0, was 83.07%, a 1.25% increase over the unoptimized model and a 14.22% increase over previous research. This study used machine learning techniques to develop classifiers for each sleep stage, improving the accuracy of arousal intensity classification. The classifiers showed high sensitivity and specificity and revealed the unique characteristics of arousal intensity during different sleep stages. These findings represent a novel approach to arousal research and have implications for developing more accurate predictive models in sleep research.
FOR DIAGNOSTIC USE ONLY. This product has not been shown by adequate data to be safe and effective for therapeutic use according to Federal Register Notice dated November 16, 1994, Vol. 59, No. 220. The following allergenic extracts are "For Diagnostic Use Only": Coffee (Coffea arabic), Cottonseed (Gossypium spp.), Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), Leafhopper (Cicadellidae), Miller Moth (Night Flying Lepidoptera), Cricket (Gryllidae) and Moth (Frenatae). These extracts are intended for diagnostic testing of patients whose histories indicate that upon natural exposure to the allergen, they experience allergic symptoms. Confirmation is determined by skin testing.
The invention is concerned with a kind of Chinese traditional medicine and its method and using for curing the illness, such as the lack and short of latex, hyperplasia of mammary glands, uterine myoma and prevention and cure of breast carcinoma. Take 100 to 487 shares of astragali and 100 to 487 shares of codonopsis in weight ratio, add 3 to 8 times of water as the stuffs and boil for 0.5 to 3 hours and for at least two times, concentrate filtrate to get thick cream boiled with water. Take 50 to 196 shares of white atractylodes rhizome, 50 to 196 shares of angelica and chuanxiong with 60 to 90 percent of ethanol to reluence to at least two times, concentrate filtrate to get distilled thick cream. Mix the creams to get mixed cream, add assistant stuff as common method of Chinese traditional medicine preparation to produce grain, capsule, oral solution and troche. The medicine can have 49 to 146 shares of bupleurum and 73 to 146 shares of vaccaria (fried), and also have 82 to 146 shares of rhaponticum uniflorm(L.)DC. and 49 to 98 shares of hemerocallis fulva(L.)L. The medicine has effect to benefit spirit and blood, dredge meridian and produce latex, benefit for spleen and liver to cure illness, such as the lack and short of latex, hyperplasia of mammary glands, uterine myoma and prevention and cure of breast carcinoma.
A dental cement contains uranium compounds, e.g. uranyl compounds and red colouring materials, e.g. gold oxide, chrome-alumina colours, copper aluminate and manganic oxide, which give the cement an appearance similar to natural teeth both in natural and artificial light.  The cement may be made in the form of a doughy paste by powdering a fused ceramic and mixing the powder with the uranium compounds, the red colouring materials and an acid, e.g. phosphoric acid.  The ceramic may contain silica, alumina, aluminium phosphate, aluminium fluoride, calcium fluoride and lithium oxide. Specification 497,021 is referred to.
The patients will be submitted to 15 therapeutical sessions two times per week with length of 40 minutes for motor physiotherapy . Each session of the motor physiotherapy will be constituted of exercises that include stretching (emphasizing the front of the torso), reinforcement (with emphasis in inferior members extensores); active exercises as transference (for example, to put into motion it bed or uprising of a chair), to reach and to grasp and training of balance and march.
A photoactive solution and a micro-bubble solution are provided as part of a system for use in disinfecting a root canal. The system also include a handpiece having a flexible tip. When the handpiece is energized, vibrations are induced in the flexible tip to mechanically activate the micro-bubble solution in the root canal. The photoactive solution contains a photoactive compound dissolved in an alcohol carrier solution; and the micro-bubble solution contains an oxygen carrier, an oxidizing agent and a surfactant. The flexible tip transmits light energy into the root canal. The micro-bubble solution facilitates delivery of the light to the photoactive solution to activate the photoactive solution in the canal. The activated photoactive solution then acts on the oxygen introduced in the canal via the micro-bubble solution to disinfect the root canal.
Participants will receive IV midazolam (0.02mg/kg) dissolved in 0.9% sodium chloride in a total volume of 100mL and administered with an infusion pump at a constant rate over 40 minutes. IV midazolam will be administered 8 times over 6 weeks.
PCT No. PCT/JP93/00841 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 1, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 1, 1995 PCT Filed Jun. 22, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/18213 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 18, 1994The present invention provides a method for manufacturing lactulose anhydride, which comprises drying lactulose trihydrate at a temperature within a range of from 45 DEG  to 75 DEG  C. and a degree of vacuum within a range of from 25 to 100 Torr to remove water of crystallization. The method of the present invention permits manufacture of lactulose anhydride through a simple process, at a high yield and at a low cost, and is therefore suitable for mass production of lactulose anhydride in an industrial scale.
The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal composition for treating rhinitis. The Chinese medicinal composition consists of an effective component or the effective component and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The effective component is prepared from the following crude drugs: vietnamese sophora root, Radix Rhapontied, Houttuynia, Ligusticum wallichii, ground beeltles, Astragali Radix, angelica, white peony roots and Ophiopogon japonicus, cortex moutan, Red Paeony Roots, radix scutellariae, radix trichosanthis, corn stigma, Fructus Xanthii, radix angelicae, violet magnolia, mint and radix puerariae. The medicine provided in the invention has the connecting link efficacy of soothing liver and invigorating spleen, harmonizing stomach and benefiting kidney, dispersing lung qi and relieving stuffy nose, restoring consciousness and improving eyesight. Tests prove that, the medicine provided in the invention can be used for treatment of various rhinitis in clinic, has a total effective rate up to 100%, which is significantly higher than the total effective rate of a control drug. Without toxic or side effect, the Chinese medicinal composition is suitable for long-term medication, thus being an ideal drug for treatment of various rhinitis.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to summarize current knowledge from twin studies on migraine. Migraine heritability, genetic correlations with migraine comorbid disorders, and the use of discordant twin pairs in migraine research are described. Further, the review considers the unused potential of twin studies in migraine research and reflects on future directions.
BACKGROUND: Twin studies can be used to understand how heritable and environmental factors influence human traits and disorders. The classical twin design compares the resemblance of a trait in monozygotic twins to that in dizygotic twins. The classical twin design can be extended to estimate the genetic correlation between disorders, model causality, and describe differences within discordant twin pairs.
METHODS: Studies focusing on migraine and using a twin study design were included. The search was performed on the PubMed-MEDLINE database using the search terms "migraine" AND "twin" OR "twins." It was done in May 2023, rerun in November 2023, and managed with the Covidence software.
RESULTS: The search identified 52 twin studies on migraine. In 24 papers, the heritability of migraine was estimated with a classical twin design. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.36 to 0.48 for studies with adults, both men and women, and unspecified migraine. Migraine heritability was predominantly estimated with twin cohorts of North European ancestry, and only two studies examined migraine subtypes. A multilevel classical twin design was used in 11 studies to examine the co-occurrence between migraine and comorbid disorders. The differences within migraine discordant twin pairs were examined in nine studies.
CONCLUSION: The heritability of migraine was estimated with a classical twin design in twin cohorts from seven different countries, with remarkably similar results across studies. Future studies should include migraine subtypes and twin cohorts of non-North European ancestry to better reflect the global population. Beyond heritability estimations, the twin method is a valuable tool for understanding causality and describing differences within discordant twin pairs. Despite more than 80 years of twin studies in migraine research, the twin design has a large unused potential to advance our understanding of migraine.
In the international postmarketing clinical experience and clinical trials, serious adverse reactions have uncommonly been reported following administration of Lumason. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. The serious adverse reactions include fatalities, especially in a pattern of symptoms suggestive of anaphylactoid/hypersensitivity reactions. Other serious reactions included arrhythmias and hypertensive episodes. These reactions typically occurred within 30 minutes of Lumason administration. These serious reactions may be increased among patients with pre-existing PEG hypersensitivity and/or unstable cardiopulmonary conditions (acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary artery syndromes, worsening or unstable congestive heart failure, or serious ventricular arrhythmias) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2)].

Hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis, with manifestations that may include death, shock, bronchospasm, dyspnea, throat tightness, angioedema, edema (pharyngeal, palatal, mouth, peripheral, localized), swelling (face, eye, lip, tongue, upper airway), facial hypoesthesia, rash, urticaria, pruritus, flushing, and erythema.
A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-arm, parallel-group study (Study 1) in male and female adults with refractory partial-onset seizures (18 to 65 years of age, inclusive) was performed to examine the safety and efficacy of Oxtellar XR.

Patients had at least three partial-onset seizures per 28 days during an 8 week Baseline Period. Subjects were receiving treatment with at least one to three antiepileptic drugs and were on stable treatment for a minimum of 4 weeks. Subjects with a diagnosis other than partial-onset seizures were excluded.

The study included an 8 week Baseline Period, followed by a Treatment Period, which included a 4 week Titration Phase followed by a 12 week Maintenance Phase. The primary endpoint of the study was median percentage change from baseline in seizure frequency per 28 days during the treatment period relative to the baseline period. The criterion for statistical significance was p<0.05. A total of 366 patients were enrolled at 88 sites in North America and Eastern Europe. Subjects were randomized to one of three treatment groups and took Oxtellar XR (1200 or 2400 mg/day) or placebo.

Table 6 presents the primary efficacy results by treatment group.

Although the 1200 mg/day-placebo contrast did not reach statistical significance, concentration-response analyses reveal that the 1200 mg/day dosage is an effective dosage.
BACKGROUND: Children with advanced pulmonary disease due to cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk of acute respiratory failure due to pulmonary exacerbations leading to their admission to pediatric intensive care units (PICU). The objectives of this study were to determine short and medium-term outcomes of children with CF admitted to PICU for acute respiratory failure due to pulmonary exacerbation and to identify prognosis factors.
METHODS: This retrospective monocentric study included patients less than 18 years old admitted to the PICU of a French university hospital between 2000 and 2020. Cox proportional hazard regression methods were used to determine prognosis factors of mortality or lung transplant.
RESULTS: Prior to PICU admission, the 29 patients included (median age 13.5 years) had a severe lung disease (median Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s percentage predicted at 29%). Mortality rates were respectively 17%, 31%, 34%, 41% at discharge and at 3, 12 and 36 months post-discharge. Survival rates free of lung transplant were 34%, 32%, 24% and 17% respectively. Risk factors associated with mortality or lung transplant using the univariate analysis were female sex and higher pCO2 and chloride levels at PICU admission, and following pre admission characteristics: home respiratory and nutritional support, registration on lung transplant list and Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia bronchial colonization.
CONCLUSION: Children with CF admitted to PICU for acute respiratory failure secondary to pulmonary exacerbations are at high risk of death, both in the short and medium terms. Lung transplant is their main chance of survival and should be considered early.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacology, biochemistry, radiopharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to synthetic peptide compound with molecular mass less 10 000 Da and binding with calcitonin receptors. This peptide is bound covalently with chelating agent of radioactive metal resulting to formation of the reagent eliciting affinity by binding with calcitonin receptor that is equal or exceeding the affinity binding value with the mentioned receptor that is typical for native calcitonin labeled with radioactive iodine. Compounds can be labeled by radioactive method using suitable isotope and they can be used as diagnostic or radiotherapeutic agents for visualization of tumors in mammal body. Invention describes also scintigraphic visualizing agent for detection of localization and nature of tumor, composition for formation of complex or reagent with radioactive technetium or rhenium, radiotherapeutic agent for scintillation visualization, set for preparing radiopharmaceutical preparation and method for preparing the described preparation. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of peptides. 14 cl, 6 tbl