anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for complicated UTIs and exhibits high antibiotic resistance, leading to increased mortality rates, especially in cases of multidrug-resistant strains. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genomic characterization of XDR strains identified in end-stage liver disease patients who underwent liver transplants.
METHODS: In this study, a number of 30 individuals who underwent liver transplants were registered. Ninety urine and 60 wound site swab samples were collected and processed for culturing, identification, and antimicrobial sensitivity. Extensively drug-resistant strain EMARA01 was confirmed through Sanger sequencing and was then processed for whole genome sequencing to characterize the genomic pattern. Sequencing data were processed for de novo assembly using various tools and databases, including genome annotation, serotype identification, virulence factor genes, and antimicrobial resistance gene. Pangenome analysis of randomly selected 147 reference strains and EMAR01 sequenced strain was performed using the Bacterial Pan Genome Analysis (BPGA) software.
RESULTS: Of these total examined samples, nosocomial infection due to P. aeruginosa was detected in twelve patients' samples. AST analysis showed that P. aeruginosa strains exhibit resistance to tobramycin, erythromycin, and gentamicin, followed by piperacillin and ofloxacin, and no strains exhibit resistance to meropenem and imipenem. The CARD database identified 59 AMR genes similar to the EMAR01 strain genome and mostly belong to the family involved in the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump. Five genes; nalC, nalD, MexR, MexA, and MexB, exhibit resistance to 14 classes of antibiotics, while two AMR; CpxR, and OprM, exhibit resistance to 15 classes of drugs. Pangenome analysis revealed that the pan-genome remained open, suggesting the potential for acquiring accessory and unique genes. Notably, the genes predominantly involved in amino acid transport metabolism were identified using the KEGG database.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable insights into the antimicrobial resistance profile, genetic features, and genomic evolution of P. aeruginosa strains causing UTIs in liver transplant patients. The findings emphasize the significance of comprehending AMR mechanisms and genetic diversity in P. aeruginosa for developing effective treatment strategies and infection control measures.
UNLABELLED: Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) is a Gram-positive bacteria which causes a spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening sepsis. Studies report up to 2000 times greater risk of invasive S. pyogenes disease in close contacts of index cases within 30-days of symptom onset. Despite this, there is variability in the management of asymptomatic carriage of S. pyogenes and those at risk of secondary cases of invasive S. pyogenes infection.
OBJECTIVE: Our systematic review assessed the efficacy of different antibiotic regimens used for eradication of S. pyogenes from the pharynx in asymptomatic individuals.
METHODS: We searched Pubmed, EMBASE (1974-), OVID Medline (1948-) and the Cochrane CENTRAL registry. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with asymptomatic participants with >50% with pharyngeal cultures positive with S. pyogenes at baseline. Only studies with microbiological methods including culture (+/- polymerase chain reaction, PCR) were included. We included studies published in English. Each included study was assessed by two independent reviewers for data extraction and risk of bias.
RESULTS: Of 1166 unique records identified, three RCTs were included in the review. Two of the three included RCTs found oral clindamycin for 10-days was the most efficacious regimen, compared to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G followed by 4 days of oral rifampicin, or monotherapy using benzathine penicillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin or erythromycin. Two RCTs were assessed as being at high risk of bias, with the third study demonstrating low/some risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS: Current available evidence for the optimal antibiotic in eradicating pharyngeal S. pyogenes carriage is limited. Future RCTs should include penicillin, first-generation cephalosporins, rifampicin, macrolides (such as azithromycin) and clindamycin.
The nurses selected for the experimental group will be provided with information about the study, and suitable days of the week will be determined for their participation, with two days per week designated. Written and verbal informed consent will be obtained from the volunteers on the first designated day. Subsequently, the nurses will be administered the Demographic Information Form, Perceived Stress Scale, Jenkins Sleep Scale, and Maslach Burnout Scale. Following this, the first session of the planned six sessions of laughter yoga will be conducted. The sessions, lasting approximately 30-45 minutes, will be scheduled between 15:00-16:00 on the two designated workdays per week for one month. After the final session, the nurses will be administered the Perceived Stress Scale, Jenkins Sleep Scale, and Maslach Burnout Scale as post-tests.
Hypertrophic scar (HS) formation is a cutaneous fibroproliferative disease that occurs after skin injuries and results in severe functional and esthetic disability. To date, few drugs have shown satisfactory outcomes for the treatment of HS formation. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Notch interaction via small mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) could facilitate HS formation; therefore, targeting TGF-β/ Notch interaction via Smad3 is a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate HS formation. In addition, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1)-mediated mitochondrial fusion contributes to fibroblast proliferation, and TGF-β/Smad3 axis and the Notch1 pathway facilitate OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether drugs targeting TGF-β/Notch interaction via Smad3 suppressed fibroblast proliferation to attenuate HS formation through OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. We found that the TGF-β pathway, Notch pathway, and TGF-β/Notch interaction via Smad3 were inhibited by pirfenidone, the gamma- secretase inhibitor DAPT, and SIS3 in human keloid fibroblasts (HKF) and an HS rat model, respectively. Protein interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation, and mitochondrial morphology was determined by electron microscopy. Our results indicated that pirfenidone, DAPT, and SIS3 suppressed the proliferation of HKFs and attenuated HS formation in the HS rat model by inhibiting TGF-β/Notch interaction via Smad3. Moreover, pirfenidone, DAPT, and SIS3 hindered OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion through inhibiting TGF-β/Notch interaction, thereby suppressing the proliferation of HS fibroblasts and HS formation. In summary, these findings investigating the effects of drugs targeting TGF-β/Notch interaction on HS formation might lead to novel drugs for the treatment of HS formation.
This study aims to explore the specific mechanism by which miR-155 regulates SHP2 expression in mouse ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced necroptosis. Various methods including cardiac ultrasound, TTC staining, Masson staining, TUNEL staining, and Western blotting were used to examine changes in the morphology and function of the rat left ventricle, myocardial fibrosis, as well as the expression of proteins related to tissue and cardiomyocyte necroptosis pathways. In vivo results showed that knockdown (KD) of miR-155 significantly improved cardiac ultrasound parameters (EF, FS, LVAW;d, and LVAW;s), reduced the myocardial infarction area, myocardial fibrosis, and cell apoptosis in I/R mice, upregulated cardiac SHP2 protein expression, and other proteins including p-ERK1/2, NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-3, caspase-4, and caspase-11 were also significantly decreased. In vitro experiments showed that compared with the SHP2 WT miR-155 KD group, SHP2 protein expression was significantly increased in the SHP2 WT miR-155 KD group, while the expression of other proteins was significantly reduced, consistent with in vivo results. MiR-155 can regulate ERK1/2 and NLRP3 through SHP2. After adding the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 to cardiomyocytes from SHP2 KO mice, it was found that the expression of proteins other than SHP2 significantly decreased compared to SHP2 KO cells without the inhibitor. In summary, low expression of miR-155 promoted the expression of SHP2 and improved mouse I/R-induced necroptosis by inhibiting the activation of the ERK1/2 pathway.
FIELD: medicine, homeopathy, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicinal agent comprising the potentiated activated form of antibodies raised to antigenic material of Altai stag lyophilized serum blood taken off in period of velvet antlers cutting in small and supersmall doses and prepared by multiple successive dilution and by external effect being mainly by homeopathic technology. Invention relates also to method of treatment of different asthenic states using the proposed effective and safety agent for treatment of asthenic states of different etiology and no inducing the tolerance. Invention can be used for treatment of asthenic states of different etiology. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent and treatment. 3 cl, 6 tbl, 4 ex
Patients receive FOLFIRABRAX comprising paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation IV over 0.5 hours, leucovorin calcium IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 1.5 hours, and fluorouracil IV over 46 hours on days 1 and 15. Courses repeat every 4 weeks for up to 6 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Prior research has demonstrated that written exposure therapy (WET), is an efficient, well-tolerated, and efficacious treatment for PTSD. The proposed project takes the next step in establishing WET as an intervention for PTSD by examining whether WET is equally efficacious to an evidence-based treatment for PTSD. Using a randomized noninferiority controlled trial, 126 adults diagnosed with PTSD will be assigned to either WET or Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT). Outcome data will be collected at baseline and 6-, 12-, 24-, 36- and 60-weeks post-first treatment session. The primary aim is to examine whether PTSD participants assigned to WET demonstrate PTSD symptom severity outcome that is noninferior to PTSD participants assigned to CPT. Secondary aims include examining whether expected treatment gains are sustained for both treatments and whether WET has a lower treatment dropout rate relative to CPT. Exploratory aims include examining moderators and mediators of WET and CPT. If the hypothesis that WET is noninferior to CPT is confirmed then a brief treatment option for PTSD will be established.
The starting dose of Candesartan cilexetil will be 4 mg or 8 mg once daily and doubled every 2 weeks, if systolic blood pressure is greater than 100 mmHg, to a maximum dose of 32 mg once daily. After one month the patient will return to clinic for blood pressure check and will be titrated up to 32 mg once daily. The starting dose of Allopurinol is 300 mg daily.
Successful synchronized direct current cardioversion (DCCV) requires adequate current delivery to the heart. However, adequate current for successful DCCV has not yet been established. Transmyocardial current depends on 2 factors: input energy and transthoracic impedance (TTI). Although factors affecting TTI have been studied in animal models, factors affecting TTI in humans have not been well established. Herein, we explored the potential factors that affect TTI in humans. A retrospective review of patients who underwent DCCV at a large quaternary medical center between October 2019 and August 2021 was conducted. Pertinent clinical information, including demographics, echocardiography findings, laboratory findings, and body characteristics, was collected. Cardioversion details, including joules delivered and TTI, were recorded by the defibrillator for each patient's first shock. Predictors of thoracic impedance were assessed using regression analysis. A total of 220 patients (29% women) were included in the analysis; 143 of the patients (65%) underwent DCCV for atrial fibrillation and 77 (35%) underwent DCCV for atrial flutter. The mean impedance in our population was 73 ± 18 Ω. In a regression model with high impedance defined as the upper quartile of our cohort, body mass index (BMI), female sex, obstructive sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease (all p values <0.05) were significantly associated with high impedance. According to a receiver operating characteristic analysis, BMI has a high predictive value for high impedance, with an area under the curve of 0.76. In conclusion, our study reveals that elevated BMI, female sex, sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease were predictors of higher TTI. These factors may help determine the appropriate initial shock energy in patients who underwent DCCV for atrial fibrillation and flutter.
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and disease severity as well as complications in children diagnosed with Henöch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), shedding light on the potential influence of dietary factors on HSP.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling children aged 2-14 years diagnosed with HSP. Participants were divided into low and Pro-inflammatory dietary groups based on their DII scores. Biomarkers, nutrient intake, blood lipid profiles and disease complications were compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between DII and complications.
RESULTS: A total of 115 patients, including 56 patients with anti-inflammatory dietary and 59 with pro-inflammatory dietary, were included. The pro-inflammatory dietary group demonstrated significantly elevated of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count, eosinophils, IgE, consumption of total calories, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, fat intake, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, complications of renal, skin, gastrointestinal, coagulation and respiratory in comparison to the anti-inflammatory dietary group. DII was positively correlated with renal, skin, gastrointestinal, coagulation and respiratory complications.
CONCLUSION: The study highlights the potential influence of dietary inflammatory potential, as quantified by the DII, on disease severity and complications in children with HSP. Understanding the interplay between dietary patterns and inflammatory responses in pediatric vasculitis has implications for the management of HSP, emphasizing the relevance of considering dietary interventions to optimize clinical outcomes and improve the overall well-being of affected children.
This is a pragmatic, randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effectiveness of an integrated care approach at differing levels of intensity on reducing the prevalence of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) among high-risk Black birthing people. High-risk Black birthing people will be identified using the electronic health record (EHR) and 674 birthing people will be recruited and randomized at less than 17 weeks of pregnancy to one of two study arms: MOMs High-Touch (MOMs-HT) vs. MOMs Low-Touch (MOMs-LT). MOMs-HT will consist of close clinical and behavioral health monitoring via chatbot technology and navigation to timely care and services by the MOMs team throughout the prenatal and postpartum periods; 12 bi-weekly self-management support telehealth visits with the MOMs team during the prenatal period; home blood pressure monitor; and bi-weekly postpartum telehealth visits with navigation by the MOMs team up to 6 weeks postpartum. MOMs-LT will also include clinical and behavioral health monitoring via the chatbot along with navigation to services by the MOMs team and bi-weekly postpartum telehealth visits with navigation up to 6 weeks postpartum. Participants in both study arms will receive a Fitbit to track engagement in physical activity. SMM at labor and delivery (primary) and SMM-related hospitalizations at 1-month and 1-year postpartum (secondary) will be based on the CDC's 21 indicators with diagnoses extracted from the EHR. Diagnosis of preeclampsia and initiation of treatment (secondary) will also be captured using the EHR. Questionnaires will be administered to measure domains of social support (secondary). Physical activity behaviors (exploratory) will be assessed via survey and wearable activity monitor (i.e., Fitbit). Determinants of implementation will be captured via semi-structured qualitative interviews and discrete process measures.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common among older individuals, especially those with frailty and comorbidity. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is also common in this group and does not require treatment. UTI diagnosis is complicated by atypical signs and symptoms such as confusion or functional decline. This necessitates a more holistic assessment according to a diagnostic algorithm that includes nonspecific symptoms to avoid overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis. Treatment strategies for UTI in older people generally align with those for younger people, with some exceptions. Prophylaxis is similar to that for postmenopausal women. However, it is crucial to carefully consider comorbidities, polypharmacy, and the risk of potential adverse events. PATIENT SUMMARY: We provide recommendations for the management of urinary tract infection (UTI) in older individuals who are frail and have multiple medical conditions. These patients may have signs and symptoms that are not typical for UTI. Treatment plans for these vulnerable patients should take interactions with other drugs and possible side effects into account.
Goosecoid (GSC), translated from a homeobox gene, is a protein that participates in metastasis of various cancers. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the deadliest malignancies associated with a poor diagnosis and prognosis. To develop new treatment target or biomarker for PAAD, this study intended to assess the effects and the molecular mechanism of GSC on PAAD metastasis. The expressive discrepancy of GSC in PAAD and normal tissues/cells was compared by both the quantitative PCR and western blot. The effects of GSC silencing and GSC over-expression on PAAD cells and TGF-β signaling were proved by wound-healing assay, cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay and western blot. From the results, GSC mRNA and protein levels were enriched in PAAD cancer tissues and cells. GSC silencing prohibited metastasis of PAAD cells including the ability to invade, migrate and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas GSC upregulation stimulated these cells behaviors above. GSC silencing reversed the effects on cellular processes induced by activation of the TGF-β pathway. Furthermore, silencing of GSC postponed tumor growth in xenograft model. In summary, GSC was abundantly expressed in PAAD, which activated the TGF-β pathway to enhance cell metastasis and tumor development.
A variety of dietary interventions have been used in the management of CFS, yet no therapeutic modality demonstrated overall positive results in terms of effectiveness (Whiting et al. 2001). Previous studies have evaluated the effects of essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and/or enzymes, with findings do not support the use of a broad-spectrum nutritional supplement in treating CFS-related symptoms (Brouwers et al. 2002). Considering the fact that patients with CFS have lower levels of high-energy compounds (e.g. phosphocreatine, adenosine triphosphate) (Block et al. 1998), effective dietary treatment of CFS should be focused on providing compounds that facilitates cellular bioenergetics. Besides other candidate agents, guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) could be of particular interest since it occurs naturally in the human body and acts as an immediate precursor of creatine (Wyss and Kaddurah-Daouk, 2000). Due to its low cost and high bioavailability (Baker 2009), if proven effective dietary GAA may be suitable for use in broad CFS population.
The genetic landscape of cancer cells can lead to specific metabolic dependencies for tumor growth. Dietary interventions represent an attractive strategy to restrict the availability of key nutrients to tumors. In this study, we identified that growth of a subset of melanoma was severely restricted by a rationally designed combination therapy of a stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor with an isocaloric low-oleic acid diet. Despite its importance in oncogenesis, SCD underwent monoallelic codeletion along with PTEN on chromosome 10q in approximately 47.5% of melanoma, and the other SCD allele was methylated, resulting in very low-SCD expression. Although this SCD-deficient subset was refractory to SCD inhibitors, the subset of PTEN wild-type melanoma that retained SCD was sensitive. As dietary oleic acid could potentially blunt the effect of SCD inhibitors, a low oleic acid custom diet was combined with an SCD inhibitor. The combination reduced monounsaturated fatty acids and increased saturated fatty acids, inducing robust apoptosis and growth suppression and inhibiting lung metastasis with minimal toxicity in preclinical mouse models of PTEN wild-type melanoma. When combined with anti-PD1 immunotherapy, the SCD inhibitor improved T-cell functionality and further constrained melanoma growth in mice. Collectively, these results suggest that optimizing SCD inhibitors with diets low in oleic acid may offer a viable and efficacious therapeutic approach for improving melanoma treatment. Significance: Blockade of endogenous production of fatty acids essential for melanoma combined with restriction of dietary intake blocks tumor growth and enhances response to immunotherapy, providing a rational drug-diet treatment regimen for melanoma.
The present invention provides three Th cell epitope peptides of a helicobacter pylori urease B subunit, and coding DNA for the three Th cell epitope peptides. Moreover, the present invention provides a B cell epitope (SIKEDVQF) vaccine containing the three epitope peptides and an extra urease B subunit, wherein the Th epitope peptides are polypeptides having one of the following amino acid residue sequences: 1) amino acid sequences of a sequence 2, a sequence 3 and a sequence 7 in a sequence table and 2) derived polypeptides formed by replacing or deleting or adding one or more amino acid residue in the amino acid sequences of the sequence 2, the sequence 3 and the sequence 7 in the sequence table. The coding DNA is one of the following nucleotide sequences: 1) nucleotide sequences of a sequence 8, a sequence 9 and a sequence 10 in a sequence table and 2) nucleotide sequences with the same coding products of the sequence 8, the sequence 9 and the sequence 10 in the sequence table. The epitope vaccine containing the polypeptide of the present invention is a protein vaccine having an amino acid sequence of a sequence 12 in the sequence table. The polypeptide of the present invention can be used as active ingredients to be made into vaccines or medicine, and can perform the function of clearing away a helicobacter pylori infection. The present invention has wide application prospect in the field of medicine.