anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1,155,109. 2-(p-Alkoxyphenyl)-indoles. UPJOHN CO. 10 Nov., 1966 [20 Dec., 1965], No. 50480/66. Heading C2C. Novel compounds of the general formulµ wherein R 1  is H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkoxy having 1-3 carbon atoms or alkyl having 1-3 carbon atoms and R 2  is alkyl having 1-3 carbon atoms, are prepared by treating a 2-(y-alkoxyphenyl) indole of the general formula with an alkyl Grignard reagent and then a p-alkoxyphenylacetyl halide to obtain the palkoxybenzyl - 2 - (p - alkoxyphenyl) - indole - 3- yl ketone II after hydrolysis, which may then be reduced with LiAlH 4 , to give the compound III or with LiBH 4  to give the compounds IV and V; or the compounds III can be obtained by hydrogenating the compounds V in the presence of a palladium or platinum catalyst and an inert solvent; or the compounds V can be obtained by dehydrating the compounds IV with a mineral acid. Reaction of the ketones of general Formula II with sodium borohydride in an alkanol solution results in the formation of the starting materials of general Formula I. Veterinary compositions contain as active ingredient a novel compound of any of the general Formulµ II, III, IV or V. The compositions have a depressant activity on the central nervous system and may be administered orally or parenterally.
The invention may be broadly conceptualized as an approach in which a kind of window period vaccines (small interference RNAs vaccines), which specifically inhibits viruses influenza virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that cause the illness by infecting respiratory tract, residing and replicating there . The invention comprises:     .cndot. Design and generation of a serial of small interference RNA molecules including siRNAs, shRNAs and microRNAs which are specifically for the genomic highly conserved regions of influenza virus and FMDV. .cndot. Screening of the best small interference RNAs. .cndot. Delivery of viral diseases specific small interference RNAs with cationic lipid complexes as spray vaccines during the window period of viral infection.     By imitating viruses' infectious route of entry into an organism, small interference RNAs vaccines could be directly sprayed to the infected respiratory tract during the window period of virus infection. The direct delivery of small interference RNAs into specific cells would save the usage of small interference RNAs and increase the efficiency of silencing of gene expression in the target organs or tissues and also reduce potential toxicity and other side effects. Small interference RNAs vaccines could inhibit the multiplication of influenza virus and FMDV, degrade their specific mRNAs and prevent their epidemics. Small interference RNAs vaccines as window period vaccines would be the most promising and practical vaccines.
AA neuroConn MR-safe 1x1 tDCS stimulator will be used to apply 12 minutes of 2.0 mA electrical current, with 30 seconds ramps up and 30 seconds ramps down. The electrical current will be applied by using two carbon rubber electrodes (one anode, one cathode) with added ten20 conductive paste. The electrode+paste will be affixed on the participant's scalp over the frontal cortices at F3 and F4 location (EEG 10-20 system). Inflow of current (anode) will occur at F4 location, and outflow of current will occur at F3 (cathode).
Physicians are advised to discuss the following issues with patients for whom they prescribe PROVIGIL.

PROVIGIL is indicated for patients who have abnormal levels of sleepiness. PROVIGIL has been shown to improve, but not eliminate this abnormal tendency to fall asleep. Therefore, patients should not alter their previous behavior with regard to potentially dangerous activities (e.g., driving, operating machinery) or other activities requiring appropriate levels of wakefulness, until and unless treatment with PROVIGIL has been shown to produce levels of wakefulness that permit such activities. Patients should be advised that PROVIGIL is not a replacement for sleep.

Patients should be informed that it may be critical that they continue to take their previously prescribed treatments (e.g., patients with OSAHS receiving CPAP should continue to do so).

Patients should be informed of the availability of a patient information leaflet, and they should be instructed to read the leaflet prior to taking PROVIGIL. See Patient Information at the end of this labeling for the text of the leaflet provided for patients.

Patients should be advised to contact their physician if they experience chest pain, rash, depression, anxiety, or signs of psychosis or mania.
FIELD: molecular biology, veterinary science, medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of vaccine used for stimulation of an immune response against helminth parasites in human and animals. Vaccine has a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a carrier of nucleic acid that encodes helminth aminopeptidases. Invention ensures to obtain new drugs for control of helminths in human and animals. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, valuable biochemical properties. 13 cl, 36 dwg, 5 tbl, 1 ex
INTRODUCTION: Work-related back pain has a major impact on diagnostic radiographers' clinical task performance in terms of sickness absenteeism, disability and loss of productivity due to presenteeism. However, there is limited information about the burden of work-related back pain among diagnostic radiographers in Ghana. The aim was to explore diagnostic radiographers' experiences of work-related back pain in Ghana.
METHODS: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured telephone interviews was conducted. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to recruit participants. The interviews were facilitated by an interview guide. Thematic network approach was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS: Eighteen participants, with 14 males and 4 females were interviewed. The mean age of the participants was 31.7 ± 7.3 years. Three themes were developed: increasing burden of work-related back pain; making sense of the multifaceted risk factors for work-related back pain; and preventing work-related back pain. Low back pain was the most common, followed by neck pain with thoracic pain as the least common reported work-related back pain by participants. Identified risk factors included: physical factors; environmental ergonomic factors; and psychosocial factors. Prevention strategies identified were categorised into: health and safety training; creating lifting team; leadership support from diagnostic imaging managers; participatory ergonomics; workforce planning and scheduling; mindfulness exercises; and physical rehabilitation.
CONCLUSION: Assessing the level of ergonomic risks is critical to identifying, analysing and controlling workplace risk factors that can lead to work-related back pain among diagnostic radiographers. Future research is recommended to design and evaluate a multicomponent ergonomic intervention for the prevention of work-related back pain among diagnostic radiographers to enable them deliver care safely and healthily.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Understanding diagnostic radiographers experiences of work-related back pain can help develop effective strategies to reduce the growing burden of pain back.
We devised and clinically validated a schema of rapid personalized predictive dosimetry for 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. It supersedes traditional empiric prescription by providing clinically meaningful predicted absorbed doses for first-strike optimization. Methods: Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET was conceptualized as a simulation study that captures the complex dosimetric interplay between tumor, marrow, and kidneys at a single time point. Radiation principles of fractionation, heterogeneity, normal-organ constraints (marrow, kidney), absorbed dose, and dose rate were introduced. We created a predictive calculator in the form of a free, open-source, and user-friendly spreadsheet that can be completed within minutes. Our schema achieves speed and accuracy by sampling tissue radioconcentrations (kBq/cm3) to be analyzed in conjunction with clinical input from the user that reflect dosimetric preconditions. The marrow-absorbed dose constraint was 0.217 Gy (dose rate, ≤0.0147 Gy/h) per fraction with an interfraction interval of at least 6 wk. Results: Our first 10 patients were analyzed. The first-strike mean tumor-absorbed dose threshold for any prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response was more than 10 Gy (dose rate, >0.1 Gy/h). The metastasis with the lowest first-strike tumor-absorbed dose correlated the best with the percentage decrease of PSA; its threshold to achieve hypothetical zero PSA was 20 Gy or more. Each patient's PSA doubling time can be used to personalize their unique absorbed dose-response threshold. The predicted mean first-strike prescription constrained by marrow-absorbed dose rate per fraction was 11.0 ± 4.0 GBq. Highly favorable conditions (tumor sink effect) were dosimetrically expressed as the combination of tumor-to-normal-organ ratios of more than 150 for marrow and more than 4 for kidney. Our schema obviates the traditional role of the SUV as a predictive parameter. Conclusion: Our rapid schema is feasible to implement in any busy real-world theranostics unit and exceeds today's best practice standards. Our dosimetric thresholds and predictive parameters can radiobiologically rationalize each patient's first-strike prescription down to a single becquerel. Favorable tumor-to-normal-organ ratios can be prospectively exploited by predictive dosimetry to optimize the first-strike prescription. The scientific framework of our schema may be applied to other systemic radionuclide therapies.
Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk Associated With Bipolar Disorder: Patients with bipolar disorder may experience worsening of their depressive symptoms and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behaviors (suicidality) whether or not they are taking medications for bipolar disorder. Patients should be closely monitored for clinical worsening (including development of new symptoms) and suicidality, especially at the beginning of a course of treatment or at the time of dose changes.

In addition, patients with a history of suicidal behavior or thoughts, those patients exhibiting a significant degree of suicidal ideation prior to commencement of treatment, and young adults are at an increased risk of suicidal thoughts or suicide attempts, and should receive careful monitoring during treatment [see Suicidal Behavior and Ideation (5.5)].

Consideration should be given to changing the therapeutic regimen, including possibly discontinuing the medication, in patients who experience clinical worsening (including development of new symptoms) and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation/behavior especially if these symptoms are severe, abrupt in onset, or were not part of the patient's presenting symptoms.

Prescriptions for lamotrigine should be written for the smallest quantity of tablets consistent with good patient management in order to reduce the risk of overdose. Overdoses have been reported for lamotrigine, some of which have been fatal [see Overdosage (10.1)].
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder marked by low platelet counts that puts patients at risk for spontaneous bleeding. A rare trigger for ITP is iron repletion, which has only been reported in a few cases. In this article, we present a unique case of a 54-year-old male with a history of recurrent ITP who experienced rapid thrombocytopenia following iron repletion with ferrous gluconate. Discontinuation of ferrous medications resulted in platelet counts returning to the normal baseline. Following more than 30 years of the patient's clinical timeline, this case demonstrates the chronic nature of ITP and the complexity of its causes. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence of iron repletion-induced thrombocytopenia and its underlying mechanisms.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are first line treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer patients with mutations in targeted genes. TKIs are metabolized in liver into inactive metabolites before eliminating from body. Liver function might plays a significant role in inter-individual differences of pharmacokinetics of TKIs. Hepatitis B is a disease of high prevalence in south China. The liver function will be compromised if the infection of hepatitis B virus has not been controlled. This study aims to compare the pharmacokinetics of TKIs before and after controlling HBV with standard treatment in Chinese patients of non-small-cell lung cancer.
To elucidate the precise upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms of inflammatory factors in osteoporosis (OP) progression and to establish a causal relationship between inflammatory factors and OP. We conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using data for 41 cytokines obtained from three independent cohorts comprising 8293 Finnish individuals. Estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) data were derived from 426,824 UK Biobank White British individuals (55% female) and fracture data from 416,795 UK Biobank participants of European ancestry. The inverse variance-weighted method was the primary MR analysis approach. We employed other methods as complementary approaches for mutual corroboration. To test for pleiotropy and heterogeneity, we used the MR-Egger regression, MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier global test, and the Cochrane Q test. Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α and interleukin (IL)-12p70 expression associated negatively and causally with eBMD (β = -0.017 [MIP-1α], β = -0.011 [IL-12p70]). Conversely, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand was associated with a decreased risk of fractures (Odds Ratio: 0.980). Additionally, OP influenced the expression of multiple inflammatory factors, including growth-regulated oncogene-α, interferon-gamma, IL-6, beta nerve growth factor, and IL-2. Finally, we discovered complex bidirectional causal relationships between IL-8, IL-10, and OP. Specific inflammatory factors may contribute to OP development or may be causally affected by OP. We identified a bidirectional causal relationship between certain inflammatory factors and OP. These findings provide new perspectives for early prediction and targeted treatment of OP. Larger cohort studies are necessary in the future to further validate these findings.
BACKGROUND: Gossypiboma, a retained surgical sponge with a foreign body reaction, is an unusual but serious complication seen in open abdominal surgeries. It is exceptionally rare following head and neck surgeries. Here, we present a case of Gossypiboma of the upper airway following tracheostomy.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old male presented with stridor and difficulty breathing one-month post-tracheostomy after a severe head injury following a road traffic accident. A neck radiograph was unremarkable, and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck showed a well-defined homogenous curvilinear membrane extending from the hypopharynx to the upper trachea. Bronchoscopic evaluation of the larynx and upper trachea revealed a retained surgical sponge, which was retrieved. The patient's breathing improved drastically post intervention.
CONCLUSION: Gossypiboma may go undetected in radiographs and may also present atypically as a homogenous membrane on a CT scan of the neck. Though rare, retained surgical items can have profound medicolegal and professional consequences on physicians. Hence, a strong clinical suspicion and vigilance for gossypiboma is necessary for patients presenting with respiratory distress post-tracheostomy.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder characterized by the development of benign tumors in various organs, including the brain, and is often accompanied by epilepsy, neurodevelopmental comorbidities including intellectual disability and autism. A key hallmark of TSC is the hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which induces alterations in cortical development and metabolic processes in astrocytes, among other cellular functions. These changes could modulate seizure susceptibility, contributing to the progression of epilepsy and its associated comorbidities. Epilepsy is characterized by dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) channels and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics. These factors contribute to hyperexcitability, disrupted synaptogenesis, and altered synchronization of neuronal networks, all of which contribute to seizure activity. This study investigates the intricate interplay between altered Ca2+ dynamics, mTOR pathway dysregulation, and cellular metabolism in astrocytes. The transcriptional profile of TSC patients revealed significant alterations in pathways associated with cellular respiration, ER and mitochondria, and Ca2+ regulation. TSC astrocytes exhibited lack of responsiveness to various stimuli, compromised oxygen consumption rate and reserve respiratory capacity underscoring their reduced capacity to react to environmental changes or cellular stress. Furthermore, our study revealed significant reduction of store operated calcium entry (SOCE) along with strong decrease of basal mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration and Ca2+ influx in TSC astrocytes. In addition, we observed alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, characterized by increased depolarization in TSC astrocytes. Lastly, we provide initial evidence of structural abnormalities in mitochondria within TSC patient-derived astrocytes, suggesting a potential link between disrupted Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between Ca2+ signaling, mitochondria dynamics, apoptosis, and mTOR hyperactivation. Further exploration is required to shed light on the pathophysiology of TSC and on TSC associated neuropsychiatric disorders offering further potential avenues for therapeutic development.
FIT Heart was a randomized controlled trial that tested a novel systems approach to increase adherence to national prevention guidelines among family members of patients hospitalized with CVD. Participants were blood relatives or cohabitants of patients hospitalized with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, aged 20-79 years, did not have established cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and spoke English or Spanish. Participants randomized to a special intervention group received behavioral counseling and education on diet and physical activity; personalized risk factor screening and immediate feedback; and reinforcement and follow-up throughout the year. The control group received a brief CVD prevention message in the form of a handout. All participants received standardized assessments of diet, lifestyle, and CVD risk factors at baseline and 1 year (94% follow-up). The main findings have been published showing the mean percent change in LDL-cholesterol level from baseline to 1-year improved in both groups and was not significantly different in the special intervention vs. control group (-1% vs. -2%; p=.64).
This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of dual-task performance on hand functions in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The study will conduct in the Internal Medicine Clinic of Kutahya Health Sciences University Evliya Celebi Training and Research Hospital. Approval for the study was granted by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Kutahya Health Sciences University and written informed consent forms will be obtained from all the participants. This study is planned to reach at least 50 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus for the study group and 50 participants without diabetes for the control group. The participants will be questioned about their eligibility for the inclusion criteria. The demographic and descriptive data of the participants will be recorded. Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test will be used to evaluate upper extremity functions. The test will be performed with and without the dual-task. Counting backward from a random three-digit number 3 by 3 will be used for the dual-task. The effect of dual-task will calculate using the difference between the completion time of both tests for both groups.
Healthy term infants who were previously randomized or assigned at birth to the intervention group known as delayed cord clamping. The cord was clamped and cut at or beyond 300 seconds (5 mins). Cord milking (cord milked x 5) was used as a proxy for delayed cord clamping when there was a clinical situation of concern.
This study is a single center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial for patients eligible for statin therapy by current guidelines, but not on statin therapy due to a history of statin intolerance. Patients will be provided a "DESIFOR" kit which includes 5 randomly allocated 4-week blister packs of capsules containing either 20mg of rosuvastatin or placebo. While blinded to treatment, patients will document the severity of musculoskeletal symptoms every week using a numerical scale. The primary endpoint will be the difference between the mean musculoskeletal symptom score while randomized to statin therapy compared to the mean score while on placebo. After completion of the study, the results will be unblinded and reviewed at a 6 month follow-up visit with the patient and, for patients with symptoms found to not correlate with statin therapy, a trial of non-blinded statin therapy over the next 3 months will be recommended. This study will serve as a pilot study to determine the feasibility and potential benefits of a larger multicenter trial with similar aims.
While CALM has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing depression, death anxiety and increasing preparation for end of life among patients with advanced cancer later in the illness trajectory, its feasibility and effectiveness in addressing traumatic stress symptoms (TSS) soon after a diagnosis of advanced cancer has not previously been established. Findings of this study could inform the potential development of a larger randomized effectiveness trial. This study will involve a multi-method, single-arm, feasibility trial, approaching a total of 100 OC patients (50 newly diagnosed and 50 recently recurred) at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM). Measurements will be administered at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Participants who declined to participate in the intervention will be invited to share their reasons for opting out, contributing valuable insights to our records. A subset of purposefully sampled participants will also complete qualitative interviews following the completion of outcome measures at 6 months.
The patients will be administered Placebo tablets for 6 weeks from the baseline. Topical corticosteroid paste will be prescribed according to the intensity of the lesion.
In recent years, ERCP is the standard procedure to remove the bile duct stones. The big stones(\>1.2 cm) require additional lithotripsy procedures for complete stone removal. Nevertheless, small stone fragments still remain in the common bile duct when the cholangiogram shows normal. The fragments are too small to be verified. These retained fragments may cause recurrence of stones. Another way to demonstrate residual CBD stones is to use intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS). However, IDUS has limited availability in clinical practice. The single-operator cholangioscopy (SOC)-system Spyglass gains widespread acceptance because of its independent washing channels and direct viewing. The investigators used Spyglass to detect if saline(50 or 100ml) infusion might clear the bile duct fragments after ERCP. Saline irrigation has many advantages such as easy stone removal, no additional cost and rare side effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of saline solution irrigation in decreasing residual CBD stones.