anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Customised polypills may be produced in the pharmacy from two or more drug packages using an assembly machine. Each drug package may comprise an array of cells containing individual doses of a single drug. The individual doses may be combined within the cells of the packages to produce an end user package with an array of cells containing the combined drugs in the form of individual polypills, which may be formed as capsules or pastilles. Label indicia of the drug packages may be combined together to form a composite label of the end user package. Serialization data may be read from the packages during assembly and sent to a remote server for authentication and supply chain management. In another aspect, patients who have a history of poor compliance with a prescribed oral antipsychotic while periodically seeking symptomatic relief from another prescribed psychoactive, are provided with both medicaments in the form of polypills to be taken in place of the solo antipsychotic when the patient is in crisis. Providing the preferred psychoactive as a combination motivates the patient to resume their antipsychotic therapy when symptoms return, which may result in better compliance and more effective management of psychosis in the community.
Weight regain after weight loss is a major problem in the treatment of persons with obesity. Two novel types of intermittent fasting recently have received more attention: the 5:2 diet and time-restricted eating (TRE). TRE requires individuals to eat in a specified number of hours per day (typically 4 to 10 hours) without energy intake restriction. The 5:2 diet involves 5 feast days and 2 fast days per week; participants eat ad libitum without restriction on feast days while 25% of energy needs (approximately 500-800 kcal per day) are consumed on fast day. Preliminary evidence suggests that both TRE and the 5:2 diet have beneficial effects on weight loss and cardioprotection in humans. Whether TRE or the 5:2 diet is an effective approach for weight-loss maintenance remains unknown. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of TRE and the 5:2 diet on weight loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors after a low-calorie diet in obese adults over 12 months compared to usual health care. All participants who have achieved greater than 5% of weight loss after a 8-week low-calorie-diet induced weight loss phase, will be assigned to one of the three study groups (TRE, the 5:2 diet and control groups) in a 1:1:1 ratio. Participants in the TRE group will be instructed to eat during a window of 8 h/d (8 am to 4 pm) over 12 months. Participants in the 5:2 diet group will be instructed to consume 500-600 kcal/d on fast days and eat ad libitum on feast days. Participants in the control group were instructed to receive usual health care.
INTRODUCTION: Severe brain injury (SBI), including severe intraventricular haemorrhage (sIVH) and cystic periventricular leukomalacia, poses significant challenges for preterm infants, yet recent data and trends are limited.
METHODS: Analyses were conducted using the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network data on preterm infants born <32 weeks' gestation admitted at Monash Children's Hospital, Australia, from January 2014 to April 2021. The occurrence and trends of SBI and sIVH among preterm infants, along with the rates and trends of death and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in SBI infants were assessed.
RESULTS: Of 1,609 preterm infants, 6.7% had SBI, and 5.6% exhibited sIVH. A total of 37.6% of infants with SBI did not survive to discharge, with 92% of these deaths occurring following redirection of clinical care. Cerebral palsy was diagnosed in 65.2% of SBI survivors, while 86.4% of SBI survivors experienced NDI. No statistically significant differences were observed in the temporal trends of SBI (adjusted OR [95% CI] 1.08 [0.97-1.20]; p = 0.13) or sIVH (adjusted OR [95% CI] 1.09 [0.97-1.21]; p = 0.11). Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference noted in the temporal trend of the composite outcome, which included death or NDI among infants with SBI (adjusted OR [95% CI] 0.90 [0.53-1.53]; p = 0.71).
CONCLUSION: Neither the rates of SBI nor its associated composite outcome of death or NDI improved over time. A notable proportion of preterm infants with SBI faced redirection of care and subsequent mortality, while most survivors exhibited adverse neurodevelopmental challenges. The development of better therapeutic interventions is imperative to improve outcomes for these vulnerable infants.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition storable over a long period without causing the change of odor even under the supply of air by compounding a phospholipid with a cereal extract and/or finely crushed cereal as a stabilizer. SOLUTION: This composition contains (A) a phospholipid and (B) a cereal extract and/or finely crushed cereal as a stabilizer. The component A is preferably a phospholipid mixture separated from soybean. The phospholipid mixture preferably contains e.g. >=70wt.% of 1,2-diacylglycero-3-phosphatidylcholine. The component B is preferably an extract of wheat, oats, corn, rice, rye, barley and/or millet with water or an aqueous medium and/or finely crushed bran produced by crushing seed coat and/or starch layer and/or extract of the bran. The weight ratio of A:B is preferably 6:1 to 1:2.
Dosage of LODOSYN may be adjusted by adding or omitting one-half or one tablet a day. Because both therapeutic and adverse responses occur more rapidly with combined therapy than when only levodopa is given, patients should be monitored closely during the dose adjustment period. Specifically, involuntary movements will occur more rapidly when LODOSYN and levodopa are given concomitantly than when levodopa is given without LODOSYN. The occurrence of involuntary movements may require dosage reduction. Blepharospasm may be a useful early sign of excess dosage in some patients.

Current evidence indicates other standard antiparkinsonian drugs may be continued while carbidopa and levodopa are being administered. However, the dosage of such other standard antiparkinsonian drugs may require adjustment.
A major challenge in longitudinal built-environment health studies is the accuracy of commercial business databases that are used to characterize dynamic food environments. Different databases often provide conflicting exposure measures on the same subject due to different source credibilities. As on-site verification is not feasible for historical data, we suggest combining multiple databases to correct the bias in health effect estimates due to measurement error in any 1 datasource. We propose a joint model for the time-varying health outcomes, observed count exposures, and latent true count exposures. Our model estimates the time-specific quality of sources and incorporates time dependence of true count exposure by Poisson integer-valued first-order autoregressive process. We take a Bayesian nonparametric approach to flexibly account for location-specific exposures. By resolving the discordance between different databases, our method reduces the bias in the longitudinal health effect of the true exposures. Our method is demonstrated with childhood obesity data in California public schools with respect to convenience store exposures in school neighborhoods from 2001 to 2008.
Participants will receive rituximab (375 milligrams per meter-squared \[mg/m\^2\] intravenously \[IV\]) on Cycle 1 Day 1, followed by fludarabine (25 mg/m\^2 once daily IV) and cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m\^2 once daily IV) for Days 2 to 4 of Cycle 1. Then rituximab (500 mg/m\^2 IV) will be administered on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 6, followed by IV fludarabine (25 mg/m\^2 once daily IV) and cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m\^2 once daily IV) on Days 1 to 3 of Cycles 2 to 6. Each cycle will be 28 days or 4 weeks in length, and the overall duration of treatment will be approximately 6 months.
With the aging of the population, sarcopenia has become more common. Studies have shown a broad association between liver disease and sarcopenia. However, this link remains unclear. Our study explored the link between NAFLD and sarcopenia and predicting the pathogenesis. To begin, we investigated the causal relationship and genetic correlation between them using MR and LDSC. Second, each GWAS was annotated by MAGMA. The annotated genes were analyzed for pleiotropy using the PLACO approach. Finally, functional analysis was conducted on the identified pleiotropic genes. We observed a significant genetic correlation between NAFLD and sarcopenia. Subsequently, we conducted gene-level pleiotropy analysis using PLACO and identified a total of 153 genes with pleiotropic effects. Functional analysis revealed enrichment of these genes in various tissues, including pancreas, liver, heart, blood, brain, and muscle, with involvement in cellular regulation, intracellular function, and antigen response. Moreover, our MR analysis provided evidence of a causal relationship between NAFLD and sarcopenia. Our study has discovered the genetic and causal relationships between NAFLD and sarcopenia, providing further insights into their pathophysiological mechanisms. The identification of pleiotropic genes also offers potential targets for future drug therapies aimed at controlling or treating NAFLD and sarcopenia.
N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and Helicobacter pylori might synergistically promote the malignant transformation of human esophageal epithelial cells (HEECs) through inducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and inhibition of PAXX protein expression. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUG1 is associated with multiple cancers, and its overexpression can promote cancer by interfering with the functions of oncogenes. LncRNA TUG1 is also associated with DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the epithelial signaling pathway of H. pylori infection. To explore the role of LncRNA TUG1 in the malignant transformation of HEECs induced by H.pylori + MNNG, a stable strain of HEECs with LncRNA TUG1 knockdown (LncRNA TUG1-KD) was constructed using RNA interference technology with lentivirus as a vector. Set up negative controls LncRNA TUG1-NC (null carrier lentivirus was selected to transfect HEECs) and block controls (normal HEECs without exposure). H. pylori + MNNG were added to the LncRNA TUG1-KD and LncRNA TUG1-NC groups for 6 h and then passaged until their malignant transformation. From each group, cells in the early, intermediate, and late stages of malignant transformation were used for the alkaline comet assay and determination of protein expression, including γ-H2AX and PAXX, by western blotting assay to assess DNA damage and repair processes. Clone formation assay in soft agar and nude mouse xenograft model was used to assess malignancy. This study suggests that H. pylori + MNNG promotes the malignant transformation of HEECs by inducing DNA DSBs and inhibiting PAXX expression, and this effect may be alleviated by LncRNA TUG1 knockdown. It elucidates the pathogenesis of EC from the perspective of the combined effect of epigenetic and environmental carcinogens, offering new insights for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of EC.
Background and Objectives: Although adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery brought about improvement in the quality of life of patients, it is accompanied by high invasiveness and several complications. Specifically, mechanical complications of rod fracture, instrumentation failures, and pseudarthrosis are still unsolved issues. To better improve these problems, oblique lateral interbody fusion at L5/S1 (OLIF51) was introduced in 2015 at my institution. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic outcomes of anterior-posterior combined surgery for ASD between the use of OLIF51 and transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) at L5/S1. Materials and Methods: A total of 117 ASD patients received anterior-posterior correction surgeries either with the use of OLIF51 (35 patients) or L5/S1 TLIF (82 patients). In both groups, L1-5 OLIF and minimally invasive posterior procedures of hybrid or circumferential MIS were employed. The sagittal and coronal spinal alignment and spino-pelvic parameters were recorded preoperatively and at follow-up. The quality-of-life parameters and visual analogue scale were evaluated, as well as surgical complications at follow-up. Results: The average follow-up period was thirty months (13-84). The number of average fused segments was eight (4-12). The operation time and estimated blood loss were significantly lower in OLIF51 than in TLIF. The PI-LL mismatch, LLL, L5/S1 segmental lordosis, and L5 coronal tilt were significantly better in OLIF51 than TLIF. The complication rate was statistically equivalent between the two groups. Conclusions: The introduction of OLIF51 for adult spine deformity surgery led to a decrease in operation time and estimated blood loss, as well as improvement in sagittal and coronal correction compared to TLIF. The circumferential MIS correction and fusion with OLIF51 serve as an effective surgical modality which can be applied to many cases of adult spinal deformity.
Efficacy was not demonstrated in two 10-week, placebo-controlled trials with 800 pediatric patients with MDD, age 7-17. Neither Cymbalta nor the active control (indicated for treatment of pediatric depression) statistically separated from placebo. Duloxetine steady state plasma concentration was comparable in children (7 - 12 years), adolescents (13 - 17 years) and adults. Cymbalta has not been studied in patients under the age of 7. Thus, safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population has not been established [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. 

Decreased appetite and weight loss have been observed in association with the use of SSRIs and SNRIs. Pediatric patients treated with Cymbalta in MDD clinical trials experienced a 0.2 kg mean decrease in weight at 10-weeks, compared with a mean weight gain of approximately 0.6 kg in placebo-treated patients. The proportion of patients who experienced a clinically significant decrease in weight (≥3.5%) was greater in the Cymbalta group than in the placebo group (11% and 6%, respectively). Subsequently, over the six-month uncontrolled extension period, most Cymbalta-treated patients trended toward recovery to their expected baseline weight percentile based on population data from age- and gender-matched peers. Perform regular monitoring of weight and growth in children and adolescents treated with an SNRI such as Cymbalta. 

In the 2 pediatric MDD studies, the safety findings were consistent with the known safety and tolerability profile for Cymbalta. 

Duloxetine administration to young rats from post-natal day 21 (weaning) through post-natal day 90 (adult) resulted in decreased body weights that persisted into adulthood, but recovered when drug treatment was discontinued; slightly delayed (~1.5 days) sexual maturation in females, without any effect on fertility; and a delay in learning a complex task in adulthood, which was not observed after drug treatment was discontinued. These effects were observed at the high dose of 45 mg/kg/day; the no-effect-level was 20 mg/kg/day.
This paper involves the analysis of the quality of anthropometric data on children under five years of age in two information systems in the State of São Paulo. The sample included 2,117,108 children from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN), and 748,551 from the State Milk Project (VIVALEITE). Initially, we evaluated the frequency of missing values and others outside the equipment spectrum and calculated the digit-to-weight preference index. After calculating height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and body mass index-for-age (BAZ), we flagged the biologically implausible values (BIV) and calculated the standard deviation (SD). For each municipality, we calculated the mean and the SD of HAZ, WAZ, and BAZ; and plotted the SD values as a function of the mean. The digit-to-weight preference index was greater among children aged between 24 and 59 months in SISVAN. The frequency of BIV for HAZ (SISVAN 2.56%; VIVALEITE 0.98%) was higher than for WAZ (SISVAN 2.10%; VIVALEITE 0.18%). For HAZ, variations among municipalities were more pronounced in VIVALEITE than in SISVAN. The height variable presents low reliability in both systems. The weight variable reveals satisfactory quality in VIVALEITE and unsatisfactory quality in SISVAN.
AIMS: MCP-1 has been shown to be elevated in endometriosis. ILK functions in several cellular events and interacts with MCP-1-signaling. In the current study, we evaluated the role of MCP-1-ILK signaling in human endometriotic cell's (Hs832(C).TCs) potential for colonization, invasion, adhesion, etc. and differentiation of macrophage along with inflammation in an endometriosis mouse model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A mouse model of endometriosis with elevated levels of MCP-1 was developed by injecting MCP-1. We examined the migration, adhesion, colonization and invasion of Hs832(C).TCs in response to MCP-1-ILK signaling. We also examined the differentiation of THP-1 cells to macrophage in response to MCP-1-ILK signaling.
KEY FINDINGS: We observed that MCP-1 increased Ser246 phosphorylation of ILK in Hs832(C).TCs and enhanced the migration, adhesion, colonization, and invasion of Hs832(C).TCs. In the mouse model of endometriosis, we found elevated chemokines (CCL-11, CCL-22 and CXCL13) levels. An increased level of MCP-1 mediated ILK activation, leading to increased inflammatory reaction and infiltration of residential and circulatory macrophages, and monocyte differentiation, but suppressed the anti-inflammatory reaction. The inhibitor (CPD22) of ILK reversed the MCP-1-mediated action by restoring Hs832(C).TCs and THP-1 phenotype. ILK inhibition in a mouse model of endometriosis reduced the effects of MCP-1 mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines, but increased anti-inflammatory response along with T-regulatory and T-helper cell restoration.
SIGNIFICANCE: Targeting ILK restores MCP-1 milieu in the peritoneal cavity and endometrial tissues, reduces the inflammatory response, improves the T-regulatory and T-helper cells in the endometriosis mouse model and decreases the migration, adhesion, colonization and invasion of endometriotic cells.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effect of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) on the clinical outcomes and maternal and infant safety of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) procedures in young women aged ≤ 35 years.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed to analyze the clinical data of 4,203 infertile women aged ≤ 35 years who underwent fresh embryo transfer (ET) in IVF/ICSI cycles. The data were collected from their initial visits to Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between January 2015 and January 2022. Based on their ovarian reserve, the participants were categorized into two groups: DOR group (n = 1,027) and non-DOR group (n = 3,176). A propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to ensure a relatively balanced distribution of covariates. The primary outcome assessed in this study was the live birth rate, while the secondary observation indicators included rates of high-quality embryo development, blastocyst formation, clinical pregnancy, and miscarriage, along with perinatal complications, neonatal birth weight, and the incidence of low birth weight (LBW).
RESULTS: The DOR group showed notably lowered rates of blastocyst formation (59.8% vs. 64.1%), embryo implantation (29.8% vs.33.3%), clinical pregnancy (47.9% vs. 53.6%), and live birth (40.6% vs. 45.7%) compared to the non-DOR group (all P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the high-quality embryo rate, miscarriage rate, perinatal complications, neonatal birth weight, or LBW incidence in infants between both groups (all P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: DOR has been found to reduce both clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in young females undergoing fresh ET in IVF/ICSI cycles. However, this reduction does not increase the risk of perinatal complications or LBW of infants through live birth cycles.
INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, elective surgeries including hernia repairs, were postponed, or cancelled completely. However, it has been stated previously that the volume of surgical emergency hernia repairs did not drop during this period. Due to the disruption in elective surgeries, waiting lists have increased rapidly, causing a suspected treatment delay. To gain improved insight in preoperative patient prioritization, the aim of this multicenter study was to track volumes of hernia surgery before, during and after the pandemic to investigate for a shift from elective towards emergency hernia surgery.
METHODS: A retrospective study using hernia databases from four regional hospitals to account for altered referral patterns (elective versus emergent), capturing patients' admissions and surgery times for both groin and ventral hernia repair was conducted. Study period was predefined from March 2019 to March 2023. Data are presented as descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: During the historic period, 106 of 2267 hernia surgeries (4.7%) performed were defined as emergency repairs. During the pandemic, 3864 elective surgeries were executed, of which 213(5.5%) emergencies. During the current period, the portion of emergencies dropped to 4.9% (110 emergency hernia repairs); (p = 0.039). A non-significant increase in emergent incisional hernia repair during the pandemic period was found chronologically 9.9%, 11.8% and 11.6% emergent repairs(p = 0.75). There were no statistically significant differences across the hernia types in elective versus urgent rate.
RESULTS: During the historic period, 106 of 2267 hernia surgeries (4.7%) performed were defined as emergency repairs. During the pandemic, 3864 elective surgeries were executed, of which 213(5.5%) emergencies. During the current period, the portion of emergencies dropped to 4.9% (110 emergency hernia repairs); (p = 0.039). A non-significant increase in emergent incisional hernia repair during the pandemic period was found chronologically 9.9%, 11.8% and 11.6% emergent repairs(p = 0.75). There were no statistically significant differences across the hernia types in elective versus urgent rate.
DISCUSSION: Regionwide data showed a 15% decline in hernia repairs during the pandemic compared to historical levels, with an 0.8% increase in emergent repairs. Surgery rates are still convalescent after the pandemic, with a persistent proportion of emergent surgeries. These numbers emphasize the challenges in selecting patient whose hernia repair should not be postponed.
Patients with at least one ICD-10 diagnosis for DLBCL who were at least 18 years old. Patients also had at least three months of continuous health plan enrollment before administration of CAR-T therapy and received axi-cel following DLBCL diagnosis.
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score is a simple and effective method used to measure patients' pain levels. This method is typically represented by a line ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the most severe pain. Patients are asked to mark a point on the line that corresponds to their level of pain.