anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a common extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Alterations in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain expression, with reduced type I and increased type II myosin heavy chain expression, are associated with COPD severity when studied in largely male cohorts. The objectives of this study were (1) to define an abnormal myofibre proportion phenotype in both males and females with COPD and (2) to identify transcripts and transcriptional networks associated with abnormal myofibre proportion in COPD.
METHODS: Forty-six participants with COPD were assessed for body composition, strength, endurance and pulmonary function. Skeletal muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were assayed for fibre-type distribution and cross-sectional area via immunofluorescence microscopy and RNA-sequenced to generate transcriptome-wide gene expression data. Sex-stratified k-means clustering of type I and IIx/IIax fibre proportions was used to define abnormal myofibre proportion in participants with COPD and contrasted with previously defined criteria. Single transcripts and weighted co-expression network analysis modules were tested for correlation with the abnormal myofibre proportion phenotype.
RESULTS: Abnormal myofibre proportion was defined in males with COPD (n = 29) as <18% type I and/or >22% type IIx/IIax fibres and in females with COPD (n = 17) as <36% type I and/or >12% type IIx/IIax fibres. Half of the participants with COPD were classified as having an abnormal myofibre proportion. Participants with COPD and an abnormal myofibre proportion had lower median handgrip strength (26.1 vs. 34.0 kg, P = 0.022), 6-min walk distance (300 vs. 353 m, P = 0.039) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s-to-forced vital capacity ratio (0.42 vs. 0.48, P = 0.041) compared with participants with COPD and normal myofibre proportions. Twenty-nine transcripts were associated with abnormal myofibre proportions in participants with COPD, with the upregulated NEB, TPM1 and TPM2 genes having the largest fold differences. Co-expression network analysis revealed that two transcript modules were significantly positively associated with the presence of abnormal myofibre proportions. One of these co-expression modules contained genes classically associated with muscle atrophy, as well as transcripts associated with both type I and type II myofibres, and was enriched for genetic loci associated with bone mineral density.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that there are significant transcriptional alterations associated with abnormal myofibre proportions in participants with COPD. Transcripts canonically associated with both type I and type IIa fibres were enriched in a co-expression network associated with abnormal myofibre proportion, suggesting altered transcriptional regulation across multiple fibre types.
Apparatus and methods are described herein for a container with a unit dose of a concentrated substance that can be diluted and orally consumed using the container. In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a container body that defines an opening in fluid communication with an interior of the container body. A cap is coupled to the container body and encloses the opening. A unit dose of a concentrated medicament or a concentrated contrast agent is disposed within the interior of the container body. The unit dose of concentrated medicament or contrast agent can be diluted to a select dilution strength with a volume of a liquid receivable through the opening and within the interior of the container body. In some embodiments, the apparatus can include a barrier member in which the container body and cap can be disposed to protect the medicament or contrast agent from light and/or moisture.
According to an embodiment, an intraoral scanning system and method are disclosed. The intraoral scanning system includes an intraoral scanning device configured to acquire light information reflected from a three-dimensional dental object during a scanning session, and further includes one or more processors operatively connected to the intraoral scanning device. The one or more processors are configured to determine surface information in real-time from the light information and generate a three-dimensional (3D) surface model of the dental object using the surface information. At least one of the one or more processors is one or more remote computers. The one or more remote computers include a resource pool, wherein the system provides temporary access to one or more resources of the resource pool for the intraoral scanning device based on a predefined performance pattern of the scanning session. The predefined performance mode is one of at least two predefined performance modes. Each of the at least two predefined performance modes is configured to operate the intraoral scanning device with a different number and/or type of resources from the resource pool.
The ligands of chemokine receptors 2 and 5 (CCR2 and CCR5, respectively) are associated with the pathomechanism of neuropathic pain development, but their role in painful diabetic neuropathy remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the function of these factors in the hypersensitivity accompanying diabetes. Additionally, we analyzed the analgesic effect of cenicriviroc (CVC), a dual CCR2/CCR5 antagonist, and its influence on the effectiveness of morphine. An increasing number of experimental studies have shown that targeting more than one molecular target is advantageous compared with the coadministration of individual pharmacophores in terms of their analgesic effect. The advantage of using bifunctional compounds is that they gain simultaneous access to two receptors at the same dose, positively affecting their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and consequently leading to improved analgesia. Experiments were performed on male and female Swiss albino mice with a streptozotocin (STZ, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) model of diabetic neuropathy. We found that the blood glucose level increased, and the mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity developed on the 7th day after STZ administration. In male mice, we observed increased mRNA levels of Ccl2, Ccl5, and Ccl7, while in female mice, we observed additional increases in Ccl8 and Ccl12 levels. We have demonstrated for the first time that a single administration of cenicriviroc relieves pain to a similar extent in male and female mice. Moreover, repeated coadministration of cenicriviroc with morphine delays the development of opioid tolerance, while the best and longest-lasting analgesic effect is achieved by repeated administration of cenicriviroc alone, which reduces pain hypersensitivity in STZ-exposed mice, and unlike morphine, no tolerance to the analgesic effects of CVC is observed until Day 15 of treatment. Based on these results, we suggest that targeting CCR2 and CCR5 with CVC is a potent therapeutic option for novel pain treatments in diabetic neuropathy patients.
A process for the production of a hydrodispersible polyvitamin preparation containing at least one liposoluble and at least one hydrosoluble vitamin is characterized in that colloidal silica is incorporated in a vegetable oil at a temperature of at least 100 DEG C. so as to convert the resulting mixture to a gel. the resulting gel is allowed to cool, the hydrosoluble vitamin is incorporated in the gel, the liposoluble vitamin is dissolved in a condensate of ethylene oxide with a rosaceous kernel oil and the resulting solution is mixed with the gel.  Specified vegetable oils are arachis, olive, sesame, cotton, maize.  Specified kernel oils are peach or apricot. Specified vitamins are B1, B2, B6, B12, C, folic acid, acetylated or unacetylated K, PP, calcium pantothenate as hydrosuluble, and A, D2, D3, E, F as liposoluble.  Particularly suitable colloidal silica may be obtained by the pyrogenation of a halogen derivative of silicon and is preferably used in 2-7% by weight based on the vegetable oil which is gelled.  Essential amino acids, such as lysine and tryptophane, ferments, peptides, such as the di- or poly-peptide of cocarboxylase may be included.
PURPOSE:To provide a skin cosmetic containing a far IR light-irradiating ceramics and a low mol.wt. acidic mucopolysaccharide or a salt thereof as active ingredients, accelerating the function of a skin and having excellent skin aging- preventing effect and skin-beautifying effect. CONSTITUTION:A far IR light-irradiating ceramic powder having an electromagnetic wave irradiation percent of >=80% based on the electromagnetic wave- irradiating amount of a black body at the same temperature in a wavelength range of 6-20mum and at least one selected from a low mol.wt. acidic mucopolysaccharide (e.g., hyaluronic acid) and salts thereof as active ingredients are suitably compounded with a dyestuff, perfume, antiseptic, surfactant, antioxidizing agent, oily base, etc., by a conventional method to provide the objective cosmetic. The contents of the far IR light-irradiating ceramic powder and the acidic mucopolysaccharide are 0.01-20wt.% and 0.01-3wt.%, respectively. The cosmetic can be applied to calamine lotions, creams, milky lotions, make-up bases, etc.
Apparatuses and methods for corrective guidance of eating behavior of a patient equipped with a gastric restriction device. The apparatus provides continuous monitoring or one or more parameters related to food passing through the gastric restriction device. Each monitored parameter is processed to provide a visual indication of the current eating behavior. The visual indication is used as input to the patient or a caregiver to modify the eating behavior. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes an emergency relief mechanism that automatically relieves excess pressure developing in the gastric restriction device. In some embodiments, the apparatus is enabled to deliver an appetite suppressant to modify the eating behavior.
Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many cellular metabolic functions, including the degradation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs; C ≥ 22), the initiation of ether-phospholipid synthesis, and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species. All of these processes are essential for the maintenance of cellular lipid and redox homeostasis, and their perturbation can trigger inflammatory response in immune cells, including in the central nervous system (CNS) resident microglia and astrocytes. Consistently, peroxisomal disorders, a group of congenital diseases caused by a block in peroxisomal biogenesis or the impairment of one of the peroxisomal enzymes, are associated with neuroinflammation. Peroxisomal function is also dysregulated in many neurodegenerative diseases and during brain aging, both of which are associated with neuroinflammation. This suggests that deciphering the role of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation may be important for understanding both congenital and age-related brain dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current advances in understanding the role and function of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation.
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is a new strategy recommended by World Health Organization in 2012 for areas of highly seasonal transmission such as the Sahel. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown SMC to be highly effective, evidence and experience from routine implementation of SMC has been lacking. For these reasons, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the coverage, adherence, and impact of SMC on malaria infection and disease, and anemia when delivered through routine programs using existing community health workers in the Kayes region in Mali. A pre-post design was used, with one intervention district, Kita where four rounds of SMC with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine (SP+AQ) took place in August-November 2014, and one comparison district, Bafoulabe. Cross-sectional surveys were carried out in children aged 3-59 months from 30 randomly selected localities (15/district) at baseline and in follow-up to assess the impact of SMC on malaria parasitemia, fever, malaria illness, and anemia. The baseline survey was performed in July 2014 prior to the start of SMC implementation and the post-intervention (follow-up) surveys took place in December 2014. Blood samples were collected for thick/thin smears for malaria and hemoglobin measurement in two cross-sectional surveys, one prior to SMC in July 2014 and one after SMC in December 2014. The impact on malaria morbidity was assessed using routine data on confirmed malaria cases extracted from the registers by the research team in nine of the 47 community health centers in Kita and seven of the 24 health centers in Bafoulabe. Cross-sectional surveys were also carried out about 7 days after each of the four rounds of SMC to assess caregivers' adherence to the administration of SMC drugs and determine the frequency of adverse events in the intervention district of Kita. Coverage was assessed by cross-sectional in children 3-59 months in 30 randomly selected clusters in the district of Kita using interview of the caregivers and information on the SMC card in December 2014.
Sleep alteration is a common problem among ventilated ICU patient. About one third of the patient have abnormal EEG pattern which cannot be scored by using the AASM standard criteria. Patients experience marked fragmentation, absence of deep sleep, and REM sleep is decreased, . It has been shown that sleep deprivation has a negative impact on respiratory muscle endurance. So a good sleep is essential when the respiratory system is being challenged, as in the ICU during the weaning period. Indeed, in the ICU, patients with altered sleep, had a markedly longer weaning duration than in patients with normal sleep, and are more likely to fail a spontaneous breathing trial. Many factors may influence the quality of sleep in the ICU (noise, medication, mechanical ventilation ...) but few studies have focus on the cause of this altered sleep, and the cause of altered sleep remains unknown. Previous studies have shown that decreasing nocturnal respiratory muscle activity through mechanical ventilation might improve sleep quality. Mechanical ventilation can decrease the charge imposed on the respiratory pump, and allows muscle to rest. Indeed, when the charge is too high (for example after an ARDS during the weaning period), the diaphragm may be overloaded, and there could be a greater involvement of other inspiratory muscles in breathing. In other pathological condition, the neck inspiratory muscle activity is increased (e.g. COPD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), and sometimes this activity persist during sleep with marked degradation in sleep architecture. Nocturnal respiratory muscle activity may be one of the potential factor which contribute to alter sleep in the ICU. Ttherefore, the aim of tis study is to analyse the presence of NIM activation during the night and it's consequence in an ICU population with the same pathology (COVID 19 ARDS).
PURPOSE:To produce a drink, drinkable easily, and effective for beauty culture of women, by drying a medicinal herb extract consisting essentially of adlay instantaneously into granules. CONSTITUTION:Adlay seeds mainly, rhizome of Aloe arborescens Mill. var. natalensis Breg. and Polygonatum falcatum A. Gray, leaf of Atemiscia princeps Pamb. and total herb of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. are dried in the sun, dried and cut finely and wholly decocted in an earthen pot to reduce the amount of water to about half. A mandarin orange peel or lemon fruit juice and honey are added to the resultant decoction, further decocted a little and filtered through cloth to give a medicinal herb extract, which is then instantaneously dried under heating into granules.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a nonfoaming aerosol hairdressing composition, used in order to provide the hair with a specific shape and form, capable of keeping a discharged material in a misty state, affording a product at a low cost and considering even environmental problems. SOLUTION: This nonfoaming aerosol hairdressing composition comprises two phases of a stock solution phase containing a vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer as a resin for hairdressing, alcohols (e.g. a modified alcohol) and water and a propellant phase containing an insoluble propellant (e.g. a liquefied petroleum gas). The ratio of the propellant to the contents is preferably <=35wt.%. The ratios of the ingredients in the stock solution are preferably 0.1-10wt.% vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-90wt.% alcohols and 10-90wt.% water. Since the discharged material consists essentially of the stock solution, the particle size of the mist is large and the sticking ratio is high. Since the copolymer which is usually the most expensive in the blend can efficiently be applied, the cost is lowered.  Furthermore, the amount of the propellant used can be reduced, the amount of a discharged volatile organic compound can be reduced. The composition is favorable in aspects of the environment.
Preoperative nutrition, relaxation strategies + high intensity interval training (HIT). HIT alternates a series of high-intensity bouts with relief period. This will be a personalized, 3 times per week, 40-min exercise. Protein supplement will be prescribed if needed to achieve a daily intake of 1.5 g protein/kg.
Kidney transplantation is the best renal replacement therapy for patients with end stage kidney disease. It provides longer patient survival and better quality of life than dialysis. The clinical course after kidney transplantation could be complex and variable. Patients may develop various complications or even kidney graft failure. Symptom burden related to uraemia in patients with graft failure, and the side-effects of immunosuppression, cause psychological distress and adversely affect the quality of life of patients. Treatment decisions in patients with graft failure can be challenging to patients and their caregivers. Renal palliative care is an emerging field, but its adoption remains relatively low among kidney transplant recipients with progressive graft failure. In this context, timely consideration and referral for palliative care can improve symptom burden, reduce stress in patients and their caregivers, and facilitate treatment goal setting and advanced care planning. Common barriers to bring palliative care to suitable patients include: (I) misconception in patients, caregivers and healthcare providers that palliative care means abandonment of life sustaining treatment; (II) over-optimistic prognostic assessment and over-aggressive management approach; (III) insufficient awareness and training in palliative care of healthcare professionals; (IV) inadequate access to and insufficient resources in palliative care. Enhanced training and awareness, and further studies, would be needed to optimize the decision process and delineate the benefit of palliative care, and to guide evidence-based practice in the transplant population.
The most frequent drugs for procedural sedation and analgesia are propofol, benzodiazepines and opioids. However, these drugs may cause respiratory depression and circulatory instability. Combination will increase the risk of hypoxia and apnea.

In China, most anesthesia for hysteroscopy and gastroenteroscopy is procedural sedation and analgesia(PAS) provided by anesthetists. Foester et,al. have been tested that IVL could significantly reduce propofol requirements 、postoperative pain and fatigue scores in colonoscopy. Chen,et,al. find the same effect of IVL in elderly. However, there is no research reporting IVL used in hysteroscopy and diagnostic curettage. So, our main objective is to evaluate the effect of intravenous lidocaine on propofol requirements in patients undergoing hysteroscopy and diagnostic curettage.
Buprenorphine maintenance is an effective treatment for opioid dependence, yet diffusion has been limited. Physician concern about induction is a reported barrier, primarily as buprenorphine may precipitate withdrawal due to its partial opioid agonist activity and high receptor binding affinity. To minimize risk, guidelines recommend in-office assessment and monitoring during induction. As this may not be feasible (e.g., time limitations), many patients are instructed to self-induct at home. While this may facilitate treatment entry, data on at-home induction are limited. The study will assess the effectiveness of at-home vs. in-office induction for patients entering buprenorphine maintenance at Associates in Internal Medicine (AIM) primary care clinic. Currently, patients receive buprenorphine maintenance at AIM as part of standard clinical practice and through an observational study (IRB 5258). Most patients are insured through Medicaid, which covers visit, medication (obtained through prescription from a local pharmacy), lab, and outside psychosocial treatment cost. In this demonstration project, 20 opioid dependent patients will be randomly assigned to at-home or in-office induction, and then monitored for 12 weeks. Ancillary psychosocial treatment will be encouraged but not required. After randomization, AIM clinic and NYSPI research visits will be scheduled weekly for 4 weeks, and then at weeks 8 and 12. The primary outcome will include a comparison of the proportion of patients successfully inducted one week after the initial primary care visit. Secondary outcomes will include: 1) Time to stabilization after buprenorphine initiation assessed by: a) Time until the patient is without withdrawal for two consecutive days, and b) Time until the patient is opioid free for two consecutive weeks; and 3) Retention-in-treatment at 4 and 12 weeks. Other secondary outcomes include patient satisfaction and change in addiction severity. These data will provide important information in buprenorphine initiation in primary care and enable determination of treatment effects size prior to future clinical trials.
Early treatment of kidney disease can slow disease progression and reduce the increased risk of mortality associated with end-stage kidney disease. However, uncertainty exists whether early referral (ER) to nephrological care per se or an optimal dialysis start impacts patient outcome after dialysis initiation. We determined the effect of ER and suboptimal dialysis start on the 3-year mortality and hospitalizations after dialysis initiation. Between January 2015 and July 2018, 349 patients with ≥1 month of follow-up started dialysis at nine Romanian dialysis clinics. After excluding patients with COVID-19 during follow-up, 254 patients (97 ER and 157 late referral) were included in this retrospective study. The observational period was truncated at 3 years, death, or loss to follow-up. Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the quality database of the nephrological care providers. Patients were followed for a median (25-75%) of 36 (16-36) months. At dialysis start, ER patients had higher hemoglobin, phosphate, and albumin levels and started dialysis less often via a central dialysis catheter (p < 0.001 for each). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated an independent lower risk for frequent hospitalizations for ER patients (odds ratio 0.22 (95% confidence interval 0.1-0.485), p < 0.001), and Cox regression analysis revealed an improved survival (hazard ratio 0.540 (95% confidence interval 0.325-0.899), p = 0.02), both independent of optimal dialysis start. In conclusion, early referral to nephrological care was associated with improved survival and lower hospitalization rates during the three years after dialysis initiation, independent of optimal dialysis start. These results strongly support the reimbursement of nephrological care before dialysis initiation.