anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Obesity-associated dysfunctional intestinal permeability contributes to systemic chronic inflammation leading to the development of metabolic diseases. The inflammasomes constitute essential components in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. We aimed to determine the impact of the inflammasomes in the regulation of gut barrier dysfunction and metabolic inflammation in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
METHODS: Blood samples obtained from 80 volunteers (n = 20 normal weight, n = 21 OB without T2D, n = 39 OB with T2D) and a subgroup of jejunum samples were used in a case-control study. Circulating levels of intestinal damage markers and expression levels of inflammasomes as well as their main effectors (IL-1β and IL-18) and key inflammation-related genes were analyzed. The impact of inflammation-related factors, different metabolites and Akkermansia muciniphila in the regulation of inflammasomes and intestinal integrity genes was evaluated. The effect of blocking NLRP6 by using siRNA in inflammation was also studied.
RESULTS: Increased circulating levels (P < 0.01) of the intestinal damage markers endotoxin, LBP, and zonulin in patients with obesity decreased (P < 0.05) after weight loss. Patients with obesity and T2D exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) jejunum gene expression levels of NLRP6 and its main effector IL18 together with increased (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of inflammatory markers. We further showed that while NLRP6 was primarily localized in goblet cells, NLRP3 was localized in the intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, decreased (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of Nlrp1, Nlrp3 and Nlrp6 in the small intestinal tract obtained from rats with diet-induced obesity were found. NLRP6 expression was regulated by taurine, parthenolide and A. muciniphila in the human enterocyte cell line CCL-241. Finally, a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the expression and release of MUC2 after the knockdown of NLRP6 was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: The increased levels of intestinal damage markers together with the downregulation of NLRP6 and IL18 in the jejunum in obesity-associated T2D suggest a defective inflammasome sensing, driving to an impaired epithelial intestinal barrier that may regulate the progression of multiple obesity-associated comorbidities.
Acute inflammatory response in peri-radicular tissues after root canal treatment is the main cause of post op pain. The peak inflammatory response occurs after 24 - 48 hours of root canal instrumentation. As management of post-endodontic pain is still a challenge for clinicians several drugs which include NSAIDs, acetaminophen, opioids and steroids are used to reduce the inflammatory response. Corticosteroids possess anti-inflammatory efficacy, and they prevent the production and release of inflammatory mediators at the site of tissue injury thus reducing the signs \& symptoms of inflammation such as pain, swelling \& loss of function. Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid that has the ability to reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Dexamethasone can be administered orally, or as an intraosseous, intra ligament periapical \& intracanal injection. Dexamethasone is effective in alleviating pain in first 24 hours post endodontic treatment. Previous research on the effect of dexamethasone injection on post-endodontic treatment pain in patients presenting with necrotic pulp treated with single visit endodontic treatment reported 25% post operative pain occurrence and 9% when treated with dexamethasone.

Study Goal : The current study will assess effect of dexamethasone administered as periapical infiltration in reducing post-instrumentation pain as compared to the prescription of NSAIDs only. If dexamethasone infiltration is effective in pain relief after endodontic treatment, it can be a useful adjunct in managing patients presenting with acute pulpal pain.
This is a randomized, open-label, three-arm study comparing Diovan (valsartan, an ARB), Tekturna (aliskiren, a DRI), and the combination of valsartan + aliskiren (i.e. ARB + DRI). One hundred twenty subjects (40 per arm) will be treated with Tekturna, Diovan, or a combination of both drugs for 9 months on top of their usual antihypertensive treatment. Changes in urinary aldosterone excretion will be monitored during therapy to measure the incidence of aldosterone breakthrough, defined as any sustained positive change from baseline urinary aldosterone excretion by the completion of the 9-month study period. This frequency measure will be compared during ARB, DRI, and ARB + DRI therapy. Changes in urinary protein excretion will also be monitored alongside the urinary aldosterone levels to determine whether aldosterone breakthrough is associated with refractory proteinuria. This is an innovative study that will be the first to (1) examine aldosterone breakthrough during DRI therapy, and (2) explore whether addition of a DRI to an ARB protects against aldosterone breakthrough. In addition, this will be the first study to examine whether DRI therapy (alone or in combination with ARB) is effective therapy for hypertension in patients with non-diabetic proteinuric kidney disease.
BACKGROUND: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is responsible for 3.3 million deaths per annum. Efficacious therapeutic modalities or drug treatments for ALD have not yet been found, so it is urgent to seek new agents for preventing ALD and its related disease. Many experiments have indicated that modulating the gut microbiota and regulating the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway can provide a new target for prevention and treatment of ALD. Marine microalgae have their natural metabolic pathways to synthesize various of bioactive compounds as promising candidates for hepatoprotection. In this study, we investigated ethanol extracts from Isochrysis zhanjiangensis (EEIZ) to evaluate their ability to alleviate acute alcoholic liver injury, regulate TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and modulate intestinal bacteria dysbiosis in mice for ALD treatment.
RESULTS: In the acute ALD mouse model, EEIZ reduced levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triacylglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, while increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein. Besides, TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α expression levels in liver tissue were effectively downregulated by EEIZ. Furthermore, treatment with EEIZ enhanced intestinal homeostasis and significantly alleviated the damage caused by alcohol.
CONCLUSION: EEIZ showed effective hepatoprotective activity against alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice as it could alleviate hepatocyte damage, suppress the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and regulate the intestinal flora structure. EEIZ could be a good candidate for preventing acute alcoholic liver injury. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Accurate dose delivery remains one of the weakest aspects of radiotherapy, especially in the case of thoracic and abdominal tumors, where significant patient motion occurs during dose delivery (intrafraction motion). Such motion results in geometric and dosimetric uncertainties that compromise treatment quality. Effective management of intrafraction motion is therefore key to realizing the full potential of modern image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). While external markers have been found to be well-correlated with internal anatomy within an imaging session, there is no guarantee that these correlations will continue to exist and be constant throughout the course of the therapy. In general, implanted, radio-opaque seeds have been found to be more reliable than external markers. However, implantation of fiducials, whether radio-opaque or electromagnetic, is necessarily invasive and carries with it the risk of associated complications - an issue that becomes especially important for cancer patients with weakened immune systems. Currently, MR imaging is the only modality that is non-invasive and provides high quality volumetric information for the whole body.

The "ideal" intrafraction motion management requires complete spatio-temporal knowledge of the irradiated anatomy. However, to date, there is no clinical method of directly visualizing the tumor volume during dose delivery. Most techniques rely on external or internal surrogate markers which often provide (usually non-volumetric) information of limited accuracy and reliability. In addition, internal markers impose significant "costs" on the patient in terms of interventional complications and increased imaging dose. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of using in-room, fast cine MR imaging as a non-invasive means to provide real-time, soft-tissue-based, volumetric image guidance for continuous monitoring of the target and surrounding anatomy. To date, there has been no systematic investigation of the imaging requirements of an integrated MRI+linac for the specific task of real-time radiotherapy guidance.
Subjects received at Day 0 one dose of FluLaval®-VB vaccine containing the Victoria B flu strain. The FluLaval®-VB vaccine was administered intramuscularly in the deltoid region of the non-dominant arm.
Background: Current anti-obesity medications suffer from limited efficacy and side-effects because they act indirectly on either the central nervous system or gastrointestinal system. Herein, this work aims to introduce a transdermal photothermal and nanocatalytic therapy enabled by Prussian blue nanoparticles, which directly act on obese subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) to induce its beneficial remodeling including stimulation of browning, lipolysis, secretion of adiponectin, as well as reduction of oxidative stress, hypoxia, and inflammation. Methods: Prussian blue nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated into silk fibroin hydrogel for sustained retention. The efficacy of mild photothermal (808 nm, 0.4 W/cm2, 5 min) and nanocatalytic therapy (mPTT-NCT) was assessed both in vitro (3T3-L1 adipocytes) and in vivo (obese mice). The underlying signaling pathways are carefully revealed. Additionally, biosafety studies were conducted to further validate the potential of this therapy for practical application. Results: On 3T3-L1 adipocytes, mPTT-NCT was able to induce browning, enhance lipolysis, and alleviate oxidative stress. On obese mice model, the synergistic treatment led to not only large mass reduction of the targeted sWAT (53.95%) but also significant improvement of whole-body metabolism as evidenced by the substantial decrease of visceral fat (65.37%), body weight (9.78%), hyperlipidemia, and systemic inflammation, as well as total relief of type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: By directly targeting obese sWAT to induce its beneficial remodeling, this synergistic therapy leads to significant improvements in whole-body metabolism and the alleviation of obesity-related conditions, including type 2 diabetes. The elucidation of underlying signaling pathways provides fundamental insights and shall inspire new strategies to combat obesity and its associated diseases.
The nasopharyngeal suction with positive pressure method was employed in the sample group. In this method, the infant's head is turned to the side, to the nostril on the other side 1-2 ml of physiological saline (PS- Mustela trademark), is injected with a 2,5-milliliter syringe (Can Medikal trademark), and then positive pressure is exerted with the help of the end of the oxygen connection hose (CGR Medikal trademark) from the same nostril, with oxygen or air supply at 5-8 lt/min (liter/minute) (if the baby requires oxygen, using an oxygen source) and the nasopharyngeal secretions are removed from the nostril into which physiological saline (PS) has been not injected. The oxygen connection hose is held one centimeter away from the infant's nostril. The researchers prepared a guideline for nasopharyngeal suction with positive pressure based on the literature.
Patients with sepsis are often complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI), which greatly increases mortality. In this study, our purpose was to explore the expression and function of CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) in septic AKI, and the underlying molecular mechanism. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were employed to detect protein and mRNA levels in cells. The inflammation level of cells was evaluated by detecting the content of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Apoptosis of cells was evaluated by Caspase-3 activity assay, flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining. CISD2 was down-regulated in HK-2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS treatment increased the level of inflammatory factors, the activity of Caspase-3, and the rate of apoptosis in HK-2 cells. However, overexpression of CISD2 significantly suppressed these effects. Moreover, overexpression of CISD2 activated the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway. The use of cyclopamine (Cyc), a SHH signaling pathway inhibitor, eliminated the effect of overexpressing CISD2, that is, inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of HK-2 cells. LPS treatment down-regulated CISD2 in HK-2 cells, and overexpression of CISD2 could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of HK-2 cells by activating the SHH signaling pathway.
Intracerebral hemorrhage is characterized by the occurrence of hemorrhage at the brain parenchymal region. This causes disruption to blood-brain barrier, cerebral edema, hematoma and microvascular failure which results in neurological dysfunction or even death. The article "Serum secretoneurin as a promising biomarker for predicting poor prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage: A prospective cohort study" elucidates the potential role of secretoneurin as a promising biomarker for detecting acute brain injury. This is the first report about the significant increase in the level of serum secretoneurin after intracerebral hemorrhage. Authors have demonstrated the correlation of serum secretoneurin levels with the hematoma volume and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores. The work reported will be beneficial to both clinicians and researchers in determining the relationship between serum secretoneurin levels and intracerebral hemorrhage.
Between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2022, all recipients who underwent split liver transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were considered for inclusion. After exluding pediatric cases, multiorgan transplantations, liver cancer patients with macrovascular invasion or distant metastasis and recipients without computed tomography (CT) scan within three months before split liver transplantation, 240 patients were included. The procedures of organ donation and transplantation were strictly implemented under the regulation of the China Organ Donation Committee (CODC), Organ Transplant Committee (OTC) and the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). All donor livers came from donation after citizens' death and there was no procurement from prisoners.
After chest tube placement, the chest tube will be placed to 20cm H2O of suction for 1 minute to evacuate all pneumothorax. After this, the chest tube will be placed to water seal, defined as the water seal chamber on the chest tube drainage system being filled up to the 2cm line and not on suction. All other management decisions related to the chest tube will be left to the providers.
PURPOSE: To describe clinical and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings in a patient with bilateral iridoschisis and unilateral angle closure glaucoma (ACG) associated with abnormal visibility of iris vessels.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 67-year-old male patient with a history of red and painful left eye (LE) one year earlier, presented to our ophthalmology department for a routine examination.Ophthalmic examination of the right eye revealed narrow anterior chamber with sectorial iris atrophy associated to abnormal visibility of an iris vessel. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12 mmHg with normal optic disc appearance. LE anterior chamber was narrow with diffuse iris atrophy and abnormal vessels visibility. IOP was 28 mmHg with an important optic disc excavation. On gonioscopy, angle was narrow without neovessels nor synechiae. AS-OCT of both eyes revealed shallow angles, iris splitting with material release in the anterior chamber, while pigmented epithelium was preservedAnti-glaucoma eye drops were prescribed and peripheral laser iridotomy was performed in both eyes with decreased IOP at 14 mmHg in the LE.
CONCLUSION: Iridoschisis is a rare ocular condition characterized by a separation between the anterior and posterior layers of iris stroma with several clinical presentations, and may be associated with abnormal visibility of iris vessels in some cases. The diagnosis of iridoschisis may be challenging and AS-OCT can be a very useful tool to confirm the diagnosis in atypical presentations and to detect associated angle closure.
The dose of WSP to be used (500 µg/m3 for 2 hours) is based on prior studies which indicate the exposure is well tolerated, and is similar to that found in some indoor exposures in homes heated by wood burning (24-26). The route of administration (breathing air containing WSP at rest, nasally) is intended to mimic natural exposures.
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common tumor in urology. As one of the popular urinary tumors, the incidence rate increases by 2-4% per year. Localized RCC is generally cured by surgery, which has achieved good efficacy. However, advanced RCC are still the main factors influencing the survival of RCC patients due to its intrinsic resistance to conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. 18F-FDG PET/CT is considered to be a viable tool to assess RCC at initial presentation. However, FDG uptake in RCC is lower than most other solid tumors and is indistinguishable from benign lesions. So, it is necessary to find another effective way to detect RCC and its metastases. As in known, pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF, PDGF) are strongly upregulated in clear cell RCC, leading to high vascularized tumors. 68Ga-PSMA has been developed as a targeting imaging agent widely used in prostate cancer in prostate cancer. Thus, this prospective study is going to investigate whether 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT may be superior for diagnosis, therapy response assessment and follow-up of RCC than 18F-FDG PET/CT. Furthermore, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has been widely used in the treatment of prostate cancer lesions that showed high PSMA uptake on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, we'll try to assess the safety and therapeutic response to 177Lu-EB-PSMA-617 in patients with RCC.
Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine sulphate) will be acutely administered per os with 240 ml of water. Two tablets of 200 mg hydroxychloroquine sulphate each will be given.
BACKGROUND: Pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis often requires open airway reconstruction. While these surgeries establish an airway for adequate ventilation, many patients develop subsequent dysphonia. Numerous studies have reported outcomes related to voice.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate dysphonia in pediatric patients following open airway reconstruction, focusing on acoustic parameters, perceptual voice quality, and voice-related quality of life.
METHODS: A comprehensive search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines across 6 databases identified articles involving pediatric patients who underwent open airway reconstruction and reported postoperative vocal acoustic parameters, perceptual voice quality, voice-related quality of life, or vocal mechanics. Articles were assessed for bias risk, and common outcomes were synthesized qualitatively and quantitatively using meta-analyses.
RESULTS: Among 4089 articles, 21 were included, involving 497 pediatric patients. Laryngotracheoplasty was the most common procedure followed by cricotracheal resection. The Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) scale was frequently used to assess voice quality, with a mean score of 55.6 [95% confidence intervals (CIs): 47.9-63.3]. Voice-related quality of life was measured using the pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI) and Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey, with mean scores of 35.6 (95% CI: 21.4-49.7) and 83.7 (95% CI: 74.1-93.2), respectively. The fundamental frequency was 210.5 (95% CI: 174.6-246.3). Other common findings included supraglottic phonation, anterior commissure blunting, posterior glottic diastasis, and abnormal vocal cord mobility.
CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients experiencing dysphonia after open airway reconstruction exhibited moderately decreased voice quality and reduced voice-related quality of life. However, there was inconsistency in study protocols and outcome measures used. Preserving voice quality during airway reconstruction is crucial to avoid negative impacts on quality of life.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically collect and computerize clinical trial data on individual subjects.  <P>SOLUTION: An oral device 10 is attached over a subject's tooth. An acid or alkaline material layer is formed on the surface of an oral drug 50 to be clinically tried. The oral device 10 has a pH sensor for measuring the pH of saliva, and detects administration by a pH change when the oral drug 50 is taken into the mouth. The administration detection is wirelessly transmitted to an extracorporeal device 20. The extracorporeal device 20 adds a subject identification code and a time code indicating the detection time to information indicating the administration of the oral drug 50 to create clinical trial data, and sends the clinical trial data to a management apparatus 40 in a pharmaceutical company via a packet communication network or the like. The clinical trial data is automatically collected from many subjects to the management apparatus 40 as a database.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The Linkage Navigation arm will consist of an additional service layered onto clinician referral and will incorporate protocols from Antiretroviral Treatment and Access Studies (ARTAS). Individuals randomized to this intervention will be contacted by a linkage navigator either during the ED visit (if during business hours) or the following business day (if during non-business hours). If the navigator does not contact the patient at the time of ED visit, they will offer to meet with the patient in person or over the phone. For all individuals in this arm, a structured linkage navigation process will include motivational interviewing and (a) reiteration of posttest counseling messages, (b) assessment of the patient's needs for medical insurance and substance abuse treatment, c) assistance scheduling and/or rescheduling appointments for HCV treatment, and d) follow-up phone call after the first HCV treatment appointment and thereafter as needed up to 6 months after ED visit.