anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary tumors (GHomas) are the most common acromegaly cause. At diagnosis, most of them are macroadenomas, and up to 56% display cavernous sinus invasion. Biomarker assessment associated with tumor growth and invasion is important to optimize their management.
OBJECTIVES: The study aims to identify clinical/hormonal/molecular biomarkers associated with tumor size and invasiveness in GHomas and to analyze the influence of pre-treatment with somatostatin analogs (SSAs) or dopamine agonists (DAs) in key molecular biomarker expression.
METHODS: Clinical/analytical/radiological variables were evaluated in 192 patients from the REMAH study (ambispective multicenter post-surgery study of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition). The expression of somatostatin/ghrelin/dopamine system components and key pituitary/proliferation markers was evaluated in GHomas after the first surgery. Univariate/multivariate regression studies were performed to identify association between variables.
RESULTS: Eighty percent of patients harbor macroadenomas (63.8% with extrasellar growth). Associations between larger and more invasive GHomas with younger age, visual abnormalities, higher IGF1 levels, extrasellar/suprasellar growth, and/or cavernous sinus invasion were found. Higher GH1 and lower PRL/POMC/CGA/AVPR1B/DRD2T/DRD2L expression levels (P < .05) were associated with tumor invasiveness. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator's penalized regression identified combinations of clinical and molecular features with areas under the curve between 0.67 and 0.82. Pre-operative therapy with DA or SSAs did not alter the expression of any of the markers analyzed except for DRD1/AVPR1B (up-regulated with DA) and FSHB/CRHR1 (down-regulated with SSAs).
CONCLUSIONS: A specific combination of clinical/analytical/molecular variables was found to be associated with tumor invasiveness and growth capacity in GHomas. Pre-treatment with first-line drugs for acromegaly did not significantly modify the expression of the most relevant biomarkers in our association model. These findings provide valuable insights for risk stratification and personalized management of GHomas.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new compound useful as an antitumor agent, having excellently inhibitory action on secretion of acid in the stomach, no side effects and high safety. CONSTITUTION:A compound of formula I (X is halogen or lower alkoxy; (m) is 0-2; A is phenyl or pyridyl) such as 2-(2-dimethylaminobenzylthio)-4- chloroquinazoline. The compound of formula I is obtained by reacting a compound of formula II with a halogenating agent such as phosphorus oxychloride or phosphorus tetrabromide in a solventless state or in a solvent at 20-150 deg.C. Optionally the reaction product is reacted with an oxidizing agent (e.g. m- chloroperbenzoic acid). The compound of formula I is useful as an inhibitory activator against tyrosinase having influence on biosynthesis of melanin and a beautifying cosmetic.
PURPOSE: Risk of malignant tumors increase with age;hence, careful examination of older patients should be consdiered when identifying the causes of acute appendicitis. Here, we report a case of a patient with cecum cancer with synchronous metastases to the small intestine that was found during acute appendicitis.
CASE REPORT: A 74-year-old man presented with right lower abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed deep tenderness at McBurney's point. Enhanced computed tomography scan showed an abscess around the enlarged appendix and a thickened cecum wall. Colonoscopy revealed a type 2 tumor in the ileocecal region, and pathological examination of the biopsied specimen revealed adenocarcinoma. Microscopic findings revealed two type 2 tumors in the small intestine, pathologically diagnosed as cecum cancer metastases. The final diagnosis was acute appendicitis caused by cecum cancer with synchronous metastases to the small intestine, pStage ⅣB pT4bN1aM1b. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and has currently been disease-free for 24 months.
CONCLUSIONS: In prolonged appendicitis among older adults, the possibility of malignancy should be considered during preoperative examination and prior to selecting a treatment plan. Delays in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and metastases may lead to missed opportunities for complete resection and poor prognosis. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 293-297, August, 2024.
Solifenacin succinate tablets are a muscarinic receptor antagonist. Chemically, solifenacin succinate is a butanedioic acid compound with 1(S)-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid 3(R)-quinuclidinyl ester Monosuccinate having an empirical formula of C23H26N2O2•C4H6O4, and a molecular weight of 480.55 g/mol. The structural formula of solifenacin succinate is:

Solifenacin succinate is a white to pale-yellowish-white crystal or crystalline powder. It is freely soluble or soluble in water, glacial acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide; soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in acetone and ethanol. 

Each solifenacin succinate tablet contains 5 or 10 mg of solifenacin succinate and is formulated for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient solifenacin succinate, the tablets also contain the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, talc, titanium dioxide and triacetin. The 5 mg tablets contain the colorants iron oxide yellow and FD&C yellow# 6. The 10 mg tablets contain the colorants iron oxide yellow and FD&C Red# 40.
During the past two decades, remarkable progress has been made in the treatment of rectal cancer. The main goal of rectal surgery for malignancy is oncologic radicality in an effort to achieve the preservation of sphincters and sexual-urinary function.The introduction of circular stapling devices is largely responsible for their increasing popularity and utilization. Sphincter-saving procedures associated to partial or total mesorectal excision (TME) for the treatment of mid and distal rectal cancer have become increasingly prevalent as their safety and efficacy have been proved. Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the best available treatment for rectal cancer. With the advancement of surgical techniques, the majority of patients with mid and upper rectal cancer can undergo a sphincter-saving TME procedure. After TME, the most widely used reconstructive technique is straight coloanal anastomosis. With the advancement of surgical technique, the local recurrence rate after rectal cancer surgery has been decreased from 25-50% to 3-8%. Naturally, it is time to focus on how to improve bowel functional outcomes and quality of life (QoL) for rectal cancer patients. However, because the sigmoid colon is usually excised during surgery which decreases the storage volume of stool, there is a common problem seriously influencing the life quality of patients, including increased tool frequency, urgency and incontinence, which is termed as anterior resection syndrome (ARS). About 19-56% of patients would suffer from ARS. Thus, the demand for a technique with better functional outcomes made surgeons modify the straight anastomotic technique. Thus, another modified anastomotic technique, side-to-end anastomosis, which has been used since 1966, has gained attention. Side-to-end anastomosis usually needs a 3-5 cm-long colonic segment. Multiple studies on the literature have shown that compared with straight anastomosis, side-to-end anastomosis has advantages in bowel functional and operative outcomes.
Radioactive grafts or cuffs are made by incorporating radioactive elements into a pliable material such as ePTFE. The radioactive grafts or cuffs are placed into the body to prevent the proliferation of malignant cells. For example, a graft or cuff may be used in an occluded lumen after it has been opened to prevent subsequent restenosis. While the grafts are used primarily  for implantation inside a body lumen, the cuffs can be used in a variety of locations including being wrapped around the outside of an affected vessel. Some embodiments of the present invention incorporate radioactive seeds into  ePTFE grafts. The radioisotopes comprising the seeds are chosen according to  their radioactive properties and are mixed with the PTFE prior to extrusion.  Following extrusion, the PTFE is expanded and sintered to yield a final product.
PURPOSE: To obtain a skin preparation for external use containing, as active ingredients, beet saponin and at least one kind of compound selected from L-ascorbic acid compounds, placenta extract, kojic acid compounds, azelaic acid compounds, glucosamine compounds, hydroquinone compounds and tranexamic acid compounds. CONSTITUTION: This skin preparation for external use contains, as active ingredients, 0.001-20wt.% of at least one kind of compound selected from L- ascorbic acid and derivatives therefrom, placenta extract, kojic acid and derivatives therefrom, azelaic acid and derivatives therefrom, glucosamine and derivatives therefrom, hydroquinone glycosides and derivatives therefrom, and tranexamic acid and derivatives therefrom and 0.001-20wt.% of beet saponin and/or its salt. Combined use of the above two kinds of active ingredients results in the synergistic skin beautifying effect of this skin preparation with high safety. The skin preparation can be made into such formulations as solubilized system e.g. lotion, emulsified system e.g. milky lotion or cream, ointment or dispersion. The beet saponin is an oleanolic acid glycoside obtainable from the extract of Beta vulgaris belonging to Chenopodiacese plants.
Heart failure: Verapamil has a negative inotropic effect, which in most patients is compensated by its afterload reduction (decreased systemic vascular resistance) properties without a net impairment of ventricular performance. In clinical experience with 4,954 patients, 87 (1.8%) developed congestive heart failure or pulmonary edema. Verapamil should be avoided in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction (e.g., ejection fraction less than 30%) or moderate to severe symptoms of cardiac failure and in patients with any degree of ventricular dysfunction if they are receiving a beta-adrenergic blocker ( see PRECAUTIONS, Drug interactions). Patients with milder ventricular dysfunction should, if possible, be controlled with optimum doses of digitalis and/or diuretics before verapamil treatment. (Note interactions with digoxin underPRECAUTIONS) 

Hypotension: Occasionally, the pharmacologic action of verapamil may produce a decrease in blood pressure below normal levels, which may result in dizziness or symptomatic hypotension. The incidence of hypotension observed in 4,954 patients enrolled in clinical trials was 2.5%. In hypertensive patients, decreases in blood pressure below normal are unusual. Tilt-table testing (60 degrees) was not able to induce orthostatic hypotension. 

Elevated liver enzymes: Elevations of transaminases with and without concomitant elevations in alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin have been reported. Such elevations have sometimes been transient and may disappear even with continued verapamil treatment. Several cases of hepatocellular injury related to verapamil have been proven by rechallenge; half of these had clinical symptoms (malaise, fever, and/or right upper quadrant pain), in addition to elevation of SGOT, SGPT, and alkaline phosphatase. Periodic monitoring of liver function in patients receiving verapamil is therefore prudent.
Healthy subjects in this arm will receive single applications of GSK1278863 or placebo (with 6:2 ratio) on intact skin in two escalating dosing periods each separated by 10 days. The first application will be with a single dose of 0.3 mg and second application will be single dose of 3 mg.
The invention discloses an external pasting plaster for treating parotitis. Each batch of plater products is prepared from the following medicinal materials and auxiliary materials: 500-700 g of climbing groundsel herbs, 1000-1200 g of Chinese honeylocust spines, 5-7 centipedes and 1500-2000 g of high-quality vinegar. A preparation method comprises the steps as follows: smashing 1000 g of the Chinese honeylocust spines and 500 g of the climbing groundsel herbs into coarse powder, adding water, decocting the coarse powder for 1 h, taking out medicine juice, and repeatedly decocting the mixture 3 times; combining and filtering medicine liquids, and adding 1500 g of the high-quality vinegar for decoction until sliver drawing from the medicine through hand twisting; grinding 10 centipedes into quite fine powder, adding the centipedes to the medicine liquid for even stirring, spreading the medicine on pre-disinfected kraft paper evenly, and using 10 g of medicine on each piece of plaster to obtain one batch of products. The external pasting plaster is remarkable in curative effect, rich in medicine source and easy to prepare. The plaster can be produced within one day if the parotitis is prevalent in a place, so that the disease is quickly controlled. The external pasting plaster is applicable to treatment of bacterial and viral parotitis and particularly applicable to epidemic parotitis.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological inflammatory disease. The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA CN) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) are known to contribute to human pathologies and cancer. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the association of mtDNA CN and TFAM+35G/C (rs1937) polymorphism with the risk of endometriosis in Egyptian females.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study involved 160 Egyptian females divided into two groups: 80 endometriosis cases and 80 controls. The mtDNA CN was quantified using a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the TFAM +35G/C SNP (rs1937) was genotyped using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay technique.
RESULTS: The mtDNA CN was markedly decreased in endometriosis cases compared to controls (P < 0. 001). TFAM rs1937 genotypes and allele distributions were all in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The GC genotype and the 'C' allele frequency (P = 0.015 and P = 0.017, respectively) were substantially greater in endometriosis cases.
CONCLUSION: Decreased mtDNA CN and the GC genotype of TFAM +35G/C polymorphism were significantly associated with the risk of endometriosis in Egyptian females.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effects of motor imagery (MI), action observation (AO), and action execution (AE) interventions on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in individuals with chronic stroke.
METHODS: This was a single-center, randomized, case-control study. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to MI (n = 10), AO (n = 15), and the AE group (n = 11). Heart rate (HR)-based measurements (HR, heart rate variability (HRV)) and blood pressure were evaluated before the practice of each group. In the MI group, participants were instructed to imagine themselves walking at their own comfortable pace for 5 minutes. Meanwhile, in the AO group, participants were shown a video of a person walking for 5 minutes. Finally, in the AE group, participants were instructed to actually walk for 5 minutes. Then, all measurements were taken again.
RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found in HR and mean RR interval within the AE group (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the Root Mean Square of Successive Differences Between Normal Heartbeats (RMSSD) (ms) within the AO group (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in HR and mean RR intervals (ms) between groups (p < 0.05). According to post-hoc analyses, HR was statistically significantly higher in the AE group compared to the other groups, and the mean RR interval was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, in patients with chronic stroke, AE and AO may affect ANS by increasing sympathetic activation. It is recommended for future studies to evaluate whether patients actually engage in imagery during the MI task.
The present disclosure provides therapeutic agents for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other eye conditions. One or more therapeutic agents may be used to treat AMD at any stage, including early, intermediate, and late stages, as well as any phenotype of AMD, including geographic atrophy (including non-central GA and central GA) and neovascularization (including NV types 1, 2, and 3). In some embodiments, the one or more therapeutic agents are or include an anti-dyslipidemia agent, an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory agent, a complement inhibitor, a neuroprotective agent, or an anti-angiogenic agent, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more therapeutic agents are or include an anti-dyslipidemia agent (e.g., an apolipoprotein mimetic or/and a statin). In some embodiments, one or more therapeutic agents are mixed with, non-covalently bound to, or covalently bonded to a Cell Penetrating Peptide (CPP), encapsulated in a CPP-conjugated nanoparticle, micelle, or liposome, or modified (e.g., stapled, prenylated, lipidated, or coupled to a small molecule alpha-helix mimetic) to achieve membrane translocation capability. In certain embodiments, the one or more therapeutic agents are administered via eye drops.
Experimental: Intervention Group The mobile application containing an interactive nurse support program will be uploaded to the telephone of the intervention group patients. Patients will be informed on how to use the mobile application. Data will be collected face-to-face before chemotherapy begins and by telephone one week after every four chemotherapy. Demographic/Clinical Information Form, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Scale, Multidimensional scale of perceived social support, Memorial Symptom Rating Scale, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer- Quality of Life, QLQ-BR23, Beck Anxiety Scale and Mobile Application evaluation form will be used to collect data.
* Stop Mili if an arterial thrombotic event or venous thromboembolic (VTE) event occurs.
  * Stop Mili if there is unexplained loss of vision, proptosis, diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions. Evaluate for retinal vein thrombosis immediately [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)].
  * If feasible, stop Mili at least 4 weeks before and through 2 weeks after major surgery or other surgeries known to have an elevated risk of VTE as well as during and following prolonged immobilization.
  * Start Mili no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery, in women who are not breastfeeding. The risk of postpartum VTE decreases after the third postpartum week, whereas the risk of ovulation increases after the third postpartum week.
  * The use of COCs increases the risk of VTE. However, pregnancy increases the risk of VTE as much or more than the use of COCs. The risk of VTE in women using COCs is 3 to 9 cases per 10,000 woman-years. The risk of VTE is highest during the first year of use of COCs and when restarting hormonal contraception after a break of 4 weeks or longer. The risk of thromboembolic disease due to COCs gradually disappears after use is discontinued.
  * Use of COCs also increases the risk of arterial thromboses such as strokes and myocardial infarctions, especially in women with other risk factors for these events. COCs have been shown to increase both the relative and attributable risks of cerebrovascular events (thrombotic and hemorrhagic strokes). This risk increases with age, particularly in women over 35 years of age who smoke.
  * Use COCs with caution in women with cardiovascular disease risk factors.
OBJECTIVE: Induction of browning in white adipose tissue (WAT) increases energy expenditure and may be an attractive target for the treatment of obesity. Since activation of Fas (CD95) induces pathways known to blunt expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), we hypothesized that Fas expression in adipocytes inhibits WAT browning and thus contributes to the development of obesity.
METHODS: Adipocyte-specific Fas knockout (FasΔadipo) and control littermate (FasF/F) mice were fed a regular chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. Energy expenditure was assessed by indirect calorimetry, and browning was determined in subcutaneous WAT. In vitro, UCP1 was analyzed in subcutaneous murine adipocytes treated with or without Fas ligand. Moreover, FAS expression in WAT was correlated to UCP1 and percentage of body fat in human individuals.
RESULTS: HFD-fed FasΔadipo mice displayed reduced body weight gain and blunted adiposity compared to control littermates. Concomitantly, whole-body energy expenditure and WAT browning were elevated. In cultured adipocytes, Fas ligand treatment blunted isoproterenol-induced UCP1 protein levels. In support of these findings in rodents, FAS expression in WAT correlated negatively with UCP1 but positively with adiposity in human individuals.
CONCLUSIONS: Fas activation in adipocytes contributes to HFD-associated adiposity in rodents and may be a therapeutic target to reduce obesity and associated diseases.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To fix and characterize different integrins by providing a step for bringing a sample into contact with an antibody for subunit, and a step for detecting the bonding of the antibody. SOLUTION: A receptor composite is unbound from fibroblast line using a monoclonal antibody for each subunit. The unbound subunit is then identified using a series of antibodies and a substance refined by anti-αv monoclonal antibody is refined immunoreactivity and through immune precipitation using a polyclonal serum for an anti-β1 monoc,lonal antibody and peptide having cytoplasm area position of β1 . All three anti-β1 reagents recognize integrin containing α and, on the contrary, a substance obtained from the β1 . monoclonal antibody is refined using a polyclonal serum for two different anti-αv monoclonal antibody and a peptide having cytoplasm area position of αv. These data indicates that the αv and β1 subunits surely form a composite and meeting.
Male subjects will be assigned to one of four cohorts (9, 10, 11 or 12). In each cohort, six subjects will be randomized to receive GSK3335065. In all cohorts each dose level will consist of an IV bolus on Day 1 subsequently followed by a continuous IV infusion for seven days.
Conventional ET + PDT. PDT will be carried out with diode laser with optical fibre coupled to the equipment (660 nm, 100 mW, 10 s). The photosensitizer used will be methylene blue.