anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Opioids are recommended for pain management in patients being cared for and transported by emergency medical services, but no specific guidelines exist for older adults with fall-related injury. Prior research suggests prehospital opioid administration can effectively manage pain in older adults, but less is known about safety in this population. We compared short-term safety outcomes, including delirium, disposition, and length of stay, among older adults with fall-related injury according to whether they received prehospital opioid analgesia.
METHODS: We linked Medicare claims data with prehospital patient care reports for older adults (≥65) with fall-related injury in Illinois between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015. We used weighted regression models (logistic, multinomial logistic, and Poisson) to assess the association between prehospital opioid analgesia and incidence of inpatient delirium, hospital disposition, and length of stay.
RESULTS: Of 28,150 included older adults, 3% received prehospital opioids. Patients receiving prehospital opioids (vs. no prehospital opioids) were less likely to be discharged home from the emergency department (adjusted probability = 0.30 [95% CI: 0.25, 0.34] vs. 0.47 [95% CI: 0.46, 0.48]), more likely to be discharged to a non-home setting after an inpatient admission (adjusted probability = 0.43 [95% CI: 0.39, 0.48] vs. 0.30 [95% CI: 0.30, 0.31]), had inpatient length of stay 0.4 days shorter (p < 0.001) and ICU length of stay 0.7 days shorter (p = 0.045). Incidence of delirium did not vary between treatment and control groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Few older adults receive opioid analgesia in the prehospital setting. Prehospital opioid analgesia may be associated with hospital disposition and length of stay for older adults with fall-related injury. However, our findings do not provide evidence of an association with inpatient delirium. These findings should be considered when developing guidelines for prehospital pain management specific to the older adult population.
BACKGROUND: The senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) is a calcium-binding protein whose expression decreases with age, and is closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The primary goal of this study was to examine the mechanistic effect of SMP30 on HCC migration and invasion.
METHODS: Bioinformatic and immunohistochemical approaches were used to examine the expression of SMP30 in HCC tissues and its relationship to patient survival. We investigated the effects of SMP30 expression on HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle dynamics. cDNA microarray technology was used to determine the gene expression profile of SK-Hep-1 cells following recombinant SMP30 overexpression to identify genes downstream of SMP30 that regulate HCC cell migration and invasion. We identified SMP30 interacting proteins by affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and co-immunoprecipitation/western blotting (COIP-WB).
RESULTS: SMP30 expression was lower in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues, and its expression positively correlated with overall survival in HCC patients. Additionally, SMP30 overexpression effectively blocked the migratory and invasive properties of SK-Hep-1 cells, but did not affect either proliferation rates or cell cycle. cDNA microarray results confirmed that many of the differentially expressed genes identified are involved in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). AP-MS and COIP-WB experiments confirmed that Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) interacts with SMP30 in SK-Hep-1 cells, and ROCK1 is known to intimately regulate the EMT process.
CONCLUSION: SMP30 inhibits HCC metastasis by influencing the expression of EMT-related proteins after interacting with ROCK1.
This comprehensive review explores the incidence, pathophysiology, and management of atrial fibrillation (AF) following percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Although AF is considered a common adverse event post PFO closure, its incidence, estimated at <5%, varies based on monitoring methods. The review delves into the challenging task of precisely estimating AF incidence, given subclinical AF and diverse diagnostic approaches. Notably, a temporal pattern emerges, with peak incidence around the 14th day after closure and a subsequent decline after the 45th day, mimicking general population AF trends. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind post PFO closure AF remain elusive, with proposed factors including local irritation, device-related interference, tissue stretch, and nickel hypersensitivity. Management considerations encompass rhythm control, with flecainide showing promise, and anticoagulation tailored to individual risk profiles. The authors advocate for a personalized approach, weighing factors like age, comorbidities, and device characteristics. Notably, postclosure AF is generally considered benign, often resolving spontaneously within 45 days, minimizing thromboembolic risks. Further studies are required to refine understanding and provide evidence-based guidelines.
Neurite outgrowth and nerve regeneration are promoted by disruption of the steroid receptor complex and stimulation of MAP kinase/kinase activity. This disruption can take the form of disruption of the physical assembly or function of the steroid receptor complex, such as the mature complex or a precursor of the mature complex that is required for assembly of the mature complex. Geldanamycin and its analogs, bastadin and members of the bastadin family, and radicicol and its analogs, as well as FKBP-52 antibody, are shown to disrupt the complex and promote nerve growth. Assays for finding neurotrophic compounds, as well as compounds found by these assays, pharmaceutical compositions into which they are incorporated, and methods of treating subjects having neuronal dysfunction caused by injury or desease are disclosed. Any of these compounds can be used in combination with a therapeutically effective amount of heat, such as heat applied locally to an area where nerve growth is desired, or systemically in an organism in which neurite growth is desired. Alternatively, these compounds can be used in association with a template, such as a tubular member that defines an anatomic pathway along which nerve regeneration is desired (particularly around transected or partially transected nerve).
The invention regards monitoring and modification of eating behavior through continuous meal weight measurements, and has been successfully applied in clinical practice to treat obesity and eating disorders. For this purpose, the Mandometer ®, a plate scale, along with video recordings of subjects during the course of single meals, has been used to assist clinicians in measuring relevant food intake parameters. In this work, we present a novel algorithm for automatically constructing a subject's food intake curve using only the Mandometer ® weight measurements. This eliminates the need for direct clinical observation or video recordings, thus significantly reducing the manual effort required for analysis. The proposed algorithm aims at identifying specific meal related events (e.g. bites, food additions, artifacts), by applying an adaptive pre-processing stage using Delta coefficients, followed by event detection based on a parametric Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar on the derivative of the recorded sequence. Experimental results on a dataset of 114 meals from individuals suffering from obesity or eating disorders, as well as from individuals with normal BMI, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
PCT No. PCT/FR96/00080 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 9, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 9, 1997 PCT Filed Jan. 18, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/22109 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 25, 1996The present invention relates to the use of ethoxylated fatty acid esters as self-emulsifiable compounds particularly useful for the preparation of phytosanitary treatment products or as drugs for veterinary or human use. According to the invention, said fatty acid esters comprise a total number of ethylene oxide molecules such that the HLB value (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) of said compounds is comprised between about 4 and about 10, preferably between about 5 and about 9. Said ethoxylated fatty acid esters form in an original way self-emulsifiable components without requiring any other surfactant, and they are biodegradable and capable of dissolving active principles which are little or non water-soluble.
An increased risk of hematologic malignancies secondary to long-term immunomodulators and biologics has been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease1. Here, we present a case of jejunal stricture after chemotherapy treatment in a patient with ileal Crohn´s disease (CD) and jejunal lymphoma. The patient was a 32-year-old male with ileal CD in remission presenting with abdominal pain and distension. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a poorly defined mass in the proximal jejunum, and positron emission tomography (PET) - CT showed hypermetabolic activity at that level. An upper endoscopy evidenced an indurated, friable circumferential mass causing a significant reduction of the intestinal lumen. Histological and cytometry findings led to a diagnosis of large B cell lymphoma, for which the patient received standard treatment (R-CHOP and IPI), achieving complete response. Eight months later, the patient reported abdominal pain and distention. Abdominal CT showed a thickening of a short segment of the proximal jejunum. An upper endoscopy showed a punctiform stenosis, while multiple biopsies showed neither histological recurrence of lymphoma nor signs of IBD. The patient was diagnosed with a post-chemotherapy stricture and underwent progressive endoscopic balloon dilatation. He finally was scheduled for laparoscopic small bowel resection. An histological analysis of the surgical piece revealed a granulomatous reaction with multinucleated foreign body-like giant cells, without evidence of malignancy (recurrence of lymphoma) nor inflammatory infiltrate suggesting CD. The patient currently remains asymptomatic with no new episodes of abdominal pain.
The development process of medical devices can be streamlined by combining different study phases. Here, for a diagnostic medical device, we present the combination of confirmation of diagnostic accuracy (phase III) and evaluation of clinical effectiveness regarding patient-relevant endpoints (phase IV) using a seamless design. This approach is used in the Thyroid HEmorrhage DetectOr Study (HEDOS & HEDOS II) investigating a post-operative hemorrhage detector named ISAR-M THYRO® in patients after thyroid surgery. Data from the phase III trial are reused as external controls in the control group of the phase IV trial. An unblinded interim analysis is planned between the two study stages which includes a recalculation of the sample size for the phase IV part after completion of the first stage of the seamless design. The study concept presented here is the first seamless design proposed in the field of diagnostic studies. Hence, the aim of this work is to emphasize the statistical methodology as well as feasibility of the proposed design in relation to the planning and implementation of the seamless design. Seamless designs can accelerate the overall trial duration and increase its efficiency in terms of sample size and recruitment. However, careful planning addressing numerous methodological and procedural challenges is necessary for successful implementation as well as agreement with regulatory bodies.
We aimed to determine the epidemiology and resistance patterns of Gram-negative bacteria, the risk factors and outcome of bloodstream infection (BSI). In all, 412 episodes in children who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of bacteremia were analyzed. The most common microorganisms were Klebsiella spp. (43.9%), Escherichia coli (13.5 %) and Acinetobacter spp. (10.6 %). Among isolates, 41.2 % were multidrug-resistant, 13.5 % were extensively drug-resistant and 0.4 % were pan-drug-resistant. Carbapenem resistance was revealed in 27.6 % of isolates. Carbapenem and colistin resistance increased over the years. The most common risk factors were the presence of a central-venous catheter and pediatric intensive care unit admission. Clinical response and infection-related mortality were significantly different in cases infected with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative (CRGN) vs carbapenem-susceptible gram-negative bacteria. The increase in multi-resistant Klebsiella spp. seems to be the biggest obstacles in fight against nosocomial infections. The increasing number of CRGN infections over the years affects both the clinical response and mortality rate of BSI.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of prolonged fasting on the physiological and biochemical alterations and metabolic shifts in healthy adults and to provide experimental data and theoretical support for the hypometabolic state induced by prolonged fasting. Thirteen volunteers were selected through public recruitment to undergo a 21-day complete fasting experiment. The experimental period lasted 34 days, including a 3-day baseline, 21-day completing fasting, 5-day calorie restriction and 5-day full recovery diet. Physiological indicators such as body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood ketones, and blood uric acid were evaluated along with resting metabolic rate, routine blood tests, liver function, and heart function indexes employing traditional approaches. During the 21-day complete fasting period, there was a significant decrease in body weight (average - 14.96 ± 1.55%), a reduction in blood glucose (average - 21.63 ± 0.058%), an increase in blood ketones (from baseline 0.1 ± 0.04 mmol/L to 6.61 ± 1.25 mmol/L) and blood uric acid (from baseline 385.38 ± 57.78 µmol/L to 866.31 ± 172.01 µmol/L), a continuous decline in resting energy expenditure (average - 20.3 ± 11.13%), and the respiratory quotient tending towards fat metabolism. Most of the items in the complete blood count and liver indicators remained stable and within the normal range. Heart function showed functional adaptive changes without structural damage. Prolonged fasting can reduce the body's resting energy expenditure and adapt to body weight loss through physiological regulatory mechanisms without adverse effects on basic physiological functions or the structure of important organs. Under medical supervision, healthy adults can safely engage in prolonged fasting for up to 21 days with metabolic adaption and no damage to pivotal organ, which could provide potential technical support for human health and survival strategies in extreme conditions such as food shortages during long-duration manned spaceflight.
Greg Lemke's laboratory was one of the pioneers of research into the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Not only was Tyro3 cloned in his laboratory, but his group also extensively studied mice knocked out for individual or various combinations of the TAM RTKs Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk. Here we primarily focus on one of the paralogs-MERTK. We provide a historical perspective on rodent models of loss of Mertk function and their association with retinal degeneration and blindness. We describe later studies employing mouse genetics and the generation of newer knockout models that point out incongruencies with the inference that loss of MERTK-dependent phagocytosis is sufficient for severe, early-onset photoreceptor degeneration in mice. This discussion is meant to raise awareness with regards to the limitations of the original Mertk knockout mouse model generated using 129 derived embryonic stem cells and carrying 129 derived alleles and the role of these alleles in modifying Mertk knockout phenotypes or even displaying Mertk-independent phenotypes. We also suggest molecular approaches that can further Greg Lemke's scintillating legacy of dissecting the molecular functions of MERTK-a protein that has been described to function in phagocytosis as well as in the negative regulation of inflammation.
Recently it has been reported that a consistent percentage of the general population consider themselves to be suffering from problems caused by wheat and/or gluten ingestion, even though they do not have CD or wheat allergy. This clinical condition has been named Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity' (NCGS). In a previous paper the investigators suggested the term 'Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity' (NCWS), since it is not known what component of wheat causes the symptoms in NCGS patients, and the investigators also showed that these patients had a high frequency of coexistent multiple food hypersensitivity. The clinical picture of NCWS is characterized by combined gastrointestinal (bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and/or constipation, nausea, epigastric pain, gastroesophageal reflux, aphthous stomatitis) and extra-intestinal and/or systemic manifestations (headache, depression, anxiety, 'foggy mind,' tiredness, dermatitis or skin rash, fibromyalgia-like joint/muscle pain, leg or arm numbness, and anemia). The researchers have just demonstrated in patients affected with seronegative celiac disease that the presence of dilated bowel loops and a thickened small bowel wall had a sensitivity of 83% and a negative predictive value of 95% in CD diagnosis. Considering the presence of one of these two signs, abdominal US sensitivity increased to 92% and negative predictive value to 98%. Nowadays no data are available on the abdominal ultrasonographic features of NCWS patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the abdominal ultrasonographic features of NCWS patients in comparison with patients affected with celiac disease.
We recruited 10 primary care practices from across Colorado, from all regions of the state (e.g., Eastern Plains, Mountain West, Front Range), and a mix of rural and urban practices of varying sizes. We recruited both practice staff and patients for this cohort.
Industrial workers regularly perform physical labor under high heat stress, which may place them at risk for dehydration and acute kidney injury. Current guidelines recommend that workers should consume sports drinks to maintain euhydration during work shifts. However, the impact of fructose sweetened sports drinks on acute kidney injury risk is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sports drink consumption on markers of acute kidney injury following simulated industrial work in the heat. Twenty males completed two matched 2 h simulated industrial work trial visits in a warm and humid environment (30 °C and 55% relative humidity). During and following the bout of simulated work, participants consumed either a commercially available sports drink or a noncaloric placebo. Urine and blood samples, collected pre-, post-, and 16 h post-work were assayed for markers of hydration (plasma/urine osmolality, and urine specific gravity) and acute kidney injury (KIM-1 and NGAL). There were no differences in physiological or perceptual responses to the bout of work (interaction p > 0.05 for all indices), and markers of hydration were similar between trials (interaction p > 0.05 for all indices). KIM-1 (Placebo: Δ Ln 1.18 ± 1.64; Sports drink: Δ Ln 1.49 ± 1.10 pg/mL; groupwide d = 0.89, p < 0.001) and NGAL (Placebo: Δ Ln 0.44 ± 1.11; Sports drink: Δ Ln 0.67 ± 1.22 pg/mL; groupwide d = 0.39, p = 0.03) were elevated pre- to post-work, but there were no differences between trials (interaction p > 0.05). These data provide no evidence that consumption of fructose sweetened sports drinks increases the risk of acute kidney injury during physical work in the heat.
Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for the long-term, real-time active monitoring of a wireless implant. In aspects, a wireless biosensor may be implanted in a breast biopsy cavity. The biosensor may detect biochemical parameter data of the breast biopsy cavity and the human body. The biosensor may transmit the detected biochemical parameter data in real-time to a surveillance system wirelessly coupled to the biosensor. The surveillance system may then facilitate the evaluation of the biochemical parameter data. In examples, the evaluation may comprise detecting trends in a tumors microenvironment, monitoring the progress of a treatment, or adjusting a treatment to tailor a personalized treatment.
This is a prospective randomized study in adult IgA nephropathy. The investigators enrolled 30 patients who have proteinuria exceeds 1 g per day with biopsy proven IgA nephropathy. The experimental arm recieves the non-pharmacological treatment, weight reduction protocol. All patients in this arm must be reduce their body weight in 3-5 % from baseline as protocol. Another arm is control group which recieves standard treatment of IgA nephropathy including ACEIs/ARBs for blood pressure control (target \< 130/80 mmHg). The primary outcome is proteinuria level. The secondary outcome is cytokines and inflammatory markers level including interleukin-6, resistin, adiponectin, leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.
Coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor in the mitochondrial electron-transport-chain in addition to being a potent lipophilic antioxidant. Deficits in CoQ10 status have been linked to cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, fatigue, and depression. CoQ10 supplementation may have a potential therapeutic value for patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial that will compare neurocognitive performance and symptoms of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder in participants randomised to active CoQ10 compared to scores from participants who received placebo. CoQ10 will be administered at a dose of 300mg/day, delivered in 3 doses of 100mg each. Participants will take CoQ10/placebo for 6 months. At three time points (baseline, 3 months and 6 months) each participant completes a neurocognitive and psychological battery of assessments. Blood pressure is monitored, and blood samples to assess mitochondrial function and plasma CoQ10 status are taken at each assessment.
This is a Phase 1, open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention), single-center, and single-dose study of esketamine, in healthy elderly (Cohort 1) and adult (Cohort 2) participants. Cohort 1 will comprise of 14 healthy elderly participants (greater than or equal to \[\>=\] 65 years) with at least 3 participants above \>=75 years of age and Cohort 2 will comprise of 20 healthy adult participants (18 to 55 years of age, inclusive). The study comprises of 3 phases: a Screening phase, an open-label Treatment phase (consisting of 1 treatment period for Cohort 1 and 2 treatment periods for Cohort 2), and a Safety follow-up phase. The duration of Screening phase is of 3 weeks; duration of treatment period for cohort 1 is of 3 days and for cohort 2 is 3 - 5 days (In Treatment period 1: 5 days for the first 7 participants who will complete the additional urine and fecal collection up to 72 hours post dose and 3 days for the last 13 participants who will be discharged after 24 hours; in Treatment period 2: 3 days for all participants). A washout period of 5 to 10 days will separate each intranasal esketamine treatment regimen for Cohort 2. All participants in Cohort 1 will receive Treatment A (that is, esketamine 14 milligram \[mg\] will be self-administered as intranasal spray into each nostril under the direct supervision of the investigator or designee), whereas, all participants in Cohort 2 will receive Treatment A followed by Treatment B (that is, esketamine 14 mg will be self-administered as intranasal spray followed by self-administration of placebo solution after 5 and 10 minutes of esketamine administration into each nostril, under the direct supervision of the investigator or designee) in a fixed sequence. The total esketamine dose will be 28 mg for each regimen. Blood samples will be collected for evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters pre-dose and until 24 hours post-dose for evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters. Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.