anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
For the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes associated with seasonal affective disorder, bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) should generally be initiated in the autumn prior to the onset of depressive symptoms. Treatment should continue through the winter season and should be tapered and discontinued in early spring. The timing of initiation and duration of treatment should be individualized based on the patient's historical pattern of seasonal major depressive episodes. Patients whose seasonal depressive episodes are infrequent or not associated with significant impairment should not generally be treated prophylactically.

Dosing with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) should begin at 150 mg/day given as a single daily dose in the morning. If the 150-mg initial dose is adequately tolerated, the dose of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) should be increased to the 300-mg/day dose after 1 week. If the 300-mg dose is not adequately tolerated, the dose can be reduced to 150 mg/day. The usual adult target dose for bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) is 300 mg/day, given once daily in the morning.

For patients taking 300 mg/day during the autumn-winter season, the dose should be tapered to 150 mg/day for 2 weeks prior to discontinuation.

Doses of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) above 300 mg/day have not been studied for the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: This review aims to elucidate the transformative impact and potential of machine learning (ML) in the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It further aims to bridge the gap between current advances of ML and their practical application in these diseases.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent advances in ML have revolutionized prognostication, diagnosis, and treatment of MDS and AML. ML algorithms have proven effective in predicting disease progression, optimizing treatment responses, and in the stratification of patient groups. Particularly, the use of ML in genomic and epigenomic data analysis has unveiled novel insights into the molecular heterogeneity of MDS and AML, leading to better-informed therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, deep learning techniques have shown promise in analyzing complex patterns in bone marrow biopsy images, providing a potential pathway towards early and accurate diagnosis. While still in the nascent stages, ML applications in MDS and AML signify a paradigm shift towards precision medicine. The integration of ML with traditional clinical practices could potentially enhance diagnostic accuracy, refine risk stratification, and improve therapeutic approaches. However, challenges related to data privacy, standardization, and algorithm interpretability must be addressed to realize the full potential of ML in this field. Future research should focus on the development of robust, transparent ML models and their ethical implementation in clinical settings.
1. Technical Result Increase in antimicrobial efficiency of dentifrice water and widening of assortment. 2. Essence A dentifrice water comprises extract of plant gather on the basis of mineral water “Sairme”, three-phase oil extract of said gather, medicinal tannin, dry calcium chloride, electrolytic silver and aromatization. 3. Field of Application Medicine, stomatology.
A system, for interpreting information for a physician user or non-physician user, is described. The system includes a processing module configured to convert numerical data to at least one of a natural-language text and a machine vocalization. The at least one of the natural-language text and the machine vocalization describes a characteristic of the numerical data. The characteristic of the numerical data comprises at least one of a trend, a first derivative, a second derivative, a high value, a low value, and a time period, a pattern of repetition, an extrapolation, an interpolation, and a frequency. The physician user may enter data or receive data by voice alone through the backend database. The physician user may also order tests, labs or check on the same by voice alone.
Beginning on day 1, patients undergo fractionated EBRT daily for 5 consecutive days a week for up to 12 or 22 treatments. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 1 hour on day 2. Treatment with pembrolizumab repeats every 21 days for up to 35 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Once weekly IV dosing of STA-9090 200mg/m2 was given weeks 1, 2, and 3 of a 4-week cycle. Participants received treatment until evidence of progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. Participants were stratified at baseline into 2 distinct prognostic groups. Cohort A participants had relapsed \> 60 days following initial chemotherapy completion.
Metformin hydrochloride (HCl) extended-release tablets, USP are oral antihyperglycemic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin HCl, USP ( N, N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride) is not chemically or pharmacologically related to any other classes of oral antihyperglycemic agents. The structural formula is as shown: 

Metformin HCl, USP is a white to off-white crystalline compound with a molecular formula of C 4H 11N 5 • HCl and a molecular weight of 165.63. Metformin HCl, USP is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform. The pK a of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin HCl, USP is 6.68. 

Metformin HCl extended-release tablets, USP contain 500 mg or 750 mg of metformin HCl, USP as the active ingredient.

Metformin HCl extended-release tablets, USP 500 mg contain the inactive ingredients; colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.

Metformin HCl extended-release tablets, USP 750 mg contain the inactive ingredients; colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose and magnesium stearate.

Dissolution Method: Test 10

System Components and Performance \- Metformin HCl extended-release tablets, USP comprises a dual hydrophilic polymer matrix system. Metformin HCl, USP is combined with a drug release controlling polymer to form an "inner" phase, which is then incorporated as discrete particles into an "external" phase of a second polymer. After administration, fluid from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract enters the tablet, causing the polymers to hydrate and swell. Drug is released slowly from the dosage form by a process of diffusion through the gel matrix that is essentially independent of pH. The hydrated polymer system is not rigid and is expected to be broken up by normal peristalsis in the GI tract. The biologically inert components of the tablet may occasionally remain intact during GI transit and will be eliminated in the feces as a soft, hydrated mass.
Phonological difficulties have been identified as a core deficit in developmental dyslexia, yet everyday speech comprehension, which relies on phonological processing, is seemingly unaffected. This raises the question as to how dyslexic readers process spoken words to achieve normal word comprehension. Here we establish a link between neural correlates of lexical and sublexical processing in auditory words and behaviourally measured phonological deficits using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Spatiotemporally resolved cortical responses to phonological and lexico-semantic information were computed with the event-related regression technique (Hauk et al., 2009) and correlated with dyslexic and non-dyslexic subjects' phonological skills. We found that phonological deficits reduced cortical responses to both phonological and lexico-semantic information (phonological neighbours and word frequency). Individuals with lower phonological skills - independent of dyslexia diagnosis - showed weaker neural responses to phonological neighbourhood information in both hemispheres 200-500 ms after word onset and reduced sensitivity to written and spoken word frequency between 200 and 650 ms. Dyslexic readers showed weaker responses to written word frequency in particular compared to the control group, pointing towards an additional effect of print exposure on auditory word processing. Source space analysis localised phonological and lexico-semantic effect peaks to the left superior temporal gyrus, a key area that has been related to core deficits in dyslexia across a range of neuroimaging studies. The results provide comprehensive evidence that phonological deficits impact both sublexical and lexical stages of spoken word processing and that these deficits cannot be fully compensated through neural re-organization of lexical-distributional information at the single word level. Theoretical and practical implications for typical readers, dyslexic readers, and readers with developmental language disorder are discussed.
PURPOSE: The anterior stability of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is affected by multiple factors. However, the effect of glenosphere inclination on stability has rarely been investigated, which is what this study aims to look into.
METHODS: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty was performed on 15 cadaveric human shoulders. The anterior dislocation forces and range of motion in internal rotation in the glenohumeral joint (primary measured parameters) were tested in a shoulder simulator in different arm positions and implant configurations, as well as with a custom-made 10° inferiorly inclined glenosphere. The inclination and retroversion of the baseplate as well as the distance between the glenoid and coracoid tip in two planes (secondary measured parameters) were evaluated on CT scans.
RESULTS: In biomechanical testing, the custom-made inclined glenosphere showed no significant influence on anterior stability other than glenoid lateralisation over all arm positions as well as the neck-shaft angle in two arm positions. The 6 mm lateralised glenosphere reduced internal rotation at 30° and 60° of glenohumeral abduction. In 30° of glenohumeral abduction, joint stability was increased using the 155° epiphysis compared with the 145° epiphysis. The mean inclination was 16.1°. The inclination was positively, and the distance between the glenoid and coracoid tip in the anterior-to-posterior direction was negatively correlated with anterior dislocation forces.
CONCLUSIONS: The custom-made inferiorly inclined glenosphere did not influence anterior stability, but baseplate inclination itself had a significant effect on stability.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory features, complications, and outcomes of patients with rhabdomyolysis in the Saudi population.
METHODS: Retrospectives descriptive study of adult patients who presented to King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) withrhabdomyolysis between January 2016 and December 2022.
RESULTS: Most of the participants (84.5%) were male, with a median age of 41 years and a body mass index of 26.5 kg/m2. Medications, mainly statins (22.4%) and illicit drugs (15.5%), constituted the root causes of rhabdomyolysis in the cohort (44.8%). The most common presenting complaints were myalgia (63.8%) and fatigue (37.9%). More than one-third of the participants (32.8%) developed AKI, with 3 patients requiring temporary hemodialysis, and only 8.6% developed acute liver failure (ALF). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was required for 10 patients (17.2%), and the overall mortality rate was 8.6%. Patients who developed complications (composite outcomes of AKI, ALF, multiorgan failure, or death) had significantly reduced kidney function and higher levels of blood urea nitrogen, anion gap, and uric acid upon admission than those who did not.
CONCLUSION: This study offers a thorough understanding of clinical and laboratory features, causes, complications, and outcomes of rhabdomyolysis among Saudi patients. The insights gained enhance our understanding of rhabdomyolysis within this population, providing a foundation for future research and improvements in clinical management.
After GA, patient will be placed in lateral position with side to be anesthetised upwards. U/S probe will be placed in midaxillary line just cephalad to the iliac crest. Scanning anteriorly will identify the three muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. The transversus abdominis typically tapers to form a hyper echoic aponeurosis that passes posterior to quadratus lumborum. Scan will be continued posteriorly to visualize solid organs or viscera deep to the transversus abdominis. The needle will be positioned such that it enters the skin anterior to the ultrasound probe and passes in-plane posterolateral through the three lateral abdominal muscles. Once the tip of the needle correctly placed and confirmed by negative aspiration, 2 ml of normal saline will be instilled to confirm correct separation of the plane. Following this, 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected between the transversus abdominis muscle and the transversalis fascia anterolateral to quadratus lumborum.
Extravascular injection of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) can cause a neuromuscular block because of systemic absorption. Currently, there are no guidelines available on managing extravasation of NMBDs. This article reviews the available literature on extravasation of NMBDs. Medline and Embase databases were searched for studies concerning the paravenous or subcutaneous injection of NMBDs. Nine articles were included consisting of seven case reports, one case series and one clinical trial. Rocuronium was used as primary NMBD in nine cases, vecuronium in two cases and pancuronium in one case. Although there exists significant heterogeneity between the reported information in the included studies, the majority of the case reports describe a slower onset, with a median delay of 20 min and prolonged duration of the neuromuscular block. Nine patients had a residual neuromuscular block at the end of the surgery. Postoperative monitoring in the recovery room was prolonged (median time 4 h). Most studies suggest that the delay in NMBD onset and recovery is caused by the formation of a subcutaneous depot, from which the NMBD is slowly absorbed into the systemic circulation. According to the current literature, extravasation of NMBDs results in an unpredictable neuromuscular block. Strategies to prevent potentially harmful side effects, such as frequent train-of-four (TOF) monitoring, the use of NMBD reversal agents and prolonged length of stay in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU), should be considered. This article suggests a clinical pathway that can be used after extravascular injection of NMBDs.
Alfentanil HCl Injection contains alfentanil, a Schedule II controlled substance. As an opioid, Alfentanil HCl Injection exposes users to the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9)].

Opioids are sought by drug abusers and people with addiction disorders and are subject to criminal diversion. Consider these risks when handling Alfentanil HCl Injection. Strategies to reduce these risks include proper product storage and control practices for a C-II drug. 

Contact local and state professional licensing board or state controlled substances authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.
Rugby require constant pace changes that generates high musculoskeletal demand in rugby one of the commonly affected area is low back pain that can affect player performance and can be accelerated by injury, health and lifestyle factors and possibly by joint pain or musculoskeletal disorders. Data will be collected from players in registered rugby clubs of district Lahore. Informed consents will be taken from all participants with the knowledge of aims and procedure. The results of this study will help to improve treatment protocols options for players how it affects the rehab process and how it affects the movement and pain how it affects the rehab process and how the pain restricts movements among rugby players. This study will be based on a randomized clinical trial used to study the different level of effectiveness of sports specific training versus neuromuscular training on dynamic balance mobility, flexibility in field rugby players. Subjects with low back pain meeting the predetermined inclusion \& exclusion criteria will be divided into two groups by randomization to avoid any plagiarism. Dynamic Balance, measured with Star Excursion Balance Test; Active Range of Motion (ROM), using a manual goniometer and Lumbar Flexibility, assessed with Fingertip-to-floor test will be used for data collection. Subjects in one group will be treated with Bilateral stretches, contract-relax PNF stretching training and other will be treated with weight training, aerobic exercises. Each subject will receive a total four weeks treatment session, thirty minutes sessions will be performed once a week for three weeks. Three evaluations will be performed once before treatment One week after treatment and four week post treatment follow-ups. Sample size 26 each group contains 13 participants. All statistical analysis will be performed with spss16.0.
PURPOSE:To prevent adsorption of the active ingredient of drug on the inner wall of the container, in packing a preparation for parenteral administration containing a specific peptide as an active ingredient to a container, by adding a cationic surface active agent to the preparation. CONSTITUTION:A preparation for parenteral administration containing a peptide selecting from a group consisting of calcitonins (remedy for hyperkalmia, vitamin D toxicosis, metabolic bone disease, etc.) and parathyroid hormones (peptide having raising action on serum calcium) is blended with 0.001-1% based on total amount of a cationic surface active agent (e.g. benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride, etc.) and packed into a container. In the operation, the active ingredient is prevented from adsorbing on the inner wall of the container. This method has high preventing effects on adsorption especially even in the case of lapse, over an extended period.
The recommended phase 2 target dose (RP2D) of tarlatamab in combination with AMG 404 will be estimated using a modified toxicity probability interval (mTPI-2) design. A combination RP2D may be identified based on emerging safety, efficacy, and pharmacodynamic data prior to reaching an maximum tolerated dose (MTD).
OBJECTIVE: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with an elevated risk of developing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of hospitalizations related to DIC in APL and their impact on healthcare.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study entailed a cross-sectional and retrospective analysis of the US National Inpatient Sample database. We identified adults with APL and categorized them into groups of patients with and without DIC. Our focus areas included in-hospital mortality, length of stay, charges, and complications associated with DIC. Unadjusted odds ratios/coefficients were computed in univariate analysis, followed by adjusted odds ratios (aOR)/coefficients from multivariate analysis that accounted for confounding factors.
RESULTS: Our analysis revealed that APL patients with DIC had a substantially higher aOR for mortality (aOR: 6.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.76-9.37, p<0.001) and a prolonged length of stay (coefficient: 10.28 days, 95% CI: 8.48-12.09, p<0.001) accompanied by notably elevated total hospital charges (coefficient: $215,512 [95% CI: 177,368-253,656], p<0.001), thereby emphasizing the reality of extended medical care and economic burden. The presence of DIC was associated with increased odds of sepsis, vasopressor support, pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, intubation/mechanical ventilation, and acute kidney injury, reflecting heightened vulnerability to these complications. Patients with DIC demonstrated significantly higher odds ratios for major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, red blood cell transfusion, platelet transfusion, fresh frozen plasma transfusion, and cryoprecipitate transfusion, highlighting the pronounced hematological risks posed by DIC.
CONCLUSION: This study has revealed the significant associations between DIC in APL and various outcomes, underscoring the clinical and economic implications of these conditions. The hematological risks further increase patients' vulnerability to bleeding events and the need for transfusions.
1. A method of gradually reducing or eliminating an individual's tobacco usage habit, comprising the steps of: (a) administering one unit of an alternative nicotine source one unit of time after waking, waiting one unit of time, and then continuing the individual's normal tobacco usage pattern for a first predetermined period of time; (b) administering one unit of an alternative nicotine source in consecutive time units after waking, and then continuing the individual's normal tobacco usage pattern for a predetermined period of time to define a modified tobacco usage pattern; repeating step (b) until a desired level of usage of said alternative nicotine source and a desired modified tobacco usage pattern is reached; maintaining said desired level of usage of said alternative nicotine source and said modified tobacco usage pattern. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said desired level of usage of said alternative nicotine source is zero and said desired modified tobacco usage pattern is using no tobacco, and further comprising the step of gradually decreasing the number of units of alternative nicotine source used by successively: (a) administering one unit of said alternative nicotine source every one to two units of time for a second predetermined period of time; (b) administering one unit of said alternative nicotine source every two to four units of time for a third predetermined period of time; (c) administering one unit of said alternative nicotine source every four to eight units of time for a fourth predetermined period of time; (d) ceasing to use said alternative nicotine source. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said unit of time is one hour. 4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said second predetermined period of time is substantially five weeks in length. 5. A method according to claim 2, wherein said third predetermined period of time is substantially three weeks in length. 6. A method according to claim 2, wherein said fourth predetermined period of time is substantially three weeks in length. 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein said alternative nicotine source is absorbed through mucous membranes. 8. A method according to claim 7, wherein said alternative nicotine source is nicotine-containing gum, an inhaler, a lozenge or a nasal spray. 9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which the tobacco usage is smoking. 10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which the tobacco usage is the use of a form of smokeless tobacco.
In both arms, one capsule at the morning for the first week. One capsule at the morning and one at the evening for the weeks 2-12.