anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
An incrementally-sized dishware system and method for weight management gradually modifies food portion consumption behavior to provide healthier eating habits. The incrementally-sized dishware system and method includes a plurality of incrementally-sized plates having successively differentiated plate surface areas. Each of the incrementally-sized plate surface areas is successively different by an increment to modify food portion delivery to a user. When utilizing the incrementally-sized dishware system and method a user selects a starting plate surface area based on a combination of weight management factors, and over time successively shifts to plates having smaller/larger plate surface areas. Interval changes between the dishes of the incrementally-sized dishware system and method adjust the amount of food consumed and rate of weight loss over time. Children using the incrementally-sized dishware system and method learn to recognize an appropriate meal size for their body size and weight, and establish healthy eating habits that carry into adulthood.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

Psoriasis 

A total of 439 subjects 14 to 87 years of age were treated with TAZORAC Gel, 0.05% and 0.1% in two controlled clinical trials. The most frequent adverse events reported with TAZORAC Gel, 0.05% and 0.1% occurring in 10 to 30% of subjects, in descending order, included pruritus, burning/stinging, erythema, worsening of psoriasis, irritation, and skin pain. Reactions occurring in 1 to 10% of subjects included rash, desquamation, irritant contact dermatitis, skin inflammation, fissuring, bleeding, and dry skin. Increases in “psoriasis worsening” and “sun-induced erythema” were noted in some subjects over the 4th to 12th months of treatment as compared to the first three months of a 1 year study. In general, the incidence of adverse events with TAZORAC Gel 0.05% was 2 to 5% lower than that seen with TAZORAC Gel 0.1%.

Acne 

A total of 596 subjects 12 to 44 years of age were treated with TAZORAC Gel, 0.05% and 0.1% in two controlled clinical trials. The most frequent adverse events reported during clinical trials with TAZORAC Gel, 0.1% in the treatment of acne occurring in 10 to 30% of subjects, in descending order, included desquamation, burning/stinging, dry skin, erythema and pruritus. Reactions occurring in 1 to 10% of subjects included irritation, skin pain, fissuring, localized edema and skin discoloration.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is recognized as an especially severe stroke variant, notorious for its high mortality and long-term disability rates, in addition to a range of both immediate and enduring neurologic impacts. Over half of the SAH survivors experience varying degrees of neurologic disorders, with many enduring chronic neuropsychiatric conditions. Due to the limitations of traditional imaging techniques in depicting subtle changes within brain tissues posthemorrhage, the accurate detection and diagnosis of white matter (WM) injuries are complicated. Against this backdrop, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a promising biomarker for structural imaging, renowned for its enhanced sensitivity in identifying axonal damage. This capability positions DTI as an invaluable tool for forming precise and expedient prognoses for SAH survivors. This study synthesizes an assessment of DTI for the diagnosis and prognosis of neurologic dysfunctions in patients with SAH, emphasizing the notable changes observed in DTI metrics and their association with potential pathophysiological processes. Despite challenges associated with scanning technology differences and data processing, DTI demonstrates significant clinical potential for early diagnosis of cognitive impairments following SAH and monitoring therapeutic effects. Future research requires the development of highly standardized imaging paradigms to enhance diagnostic accuracy and devise targeted therapeutic strategies for SAH patients. In sum, DTI technology not only augments our understanding of the impact of SAH but also may offer new avenues for improving patient prognoses.
Background and Problem Statement. Speech training in gender diverse individuals focuses on aspects of communication that strongly influence gender perception. Findings from the literature suggest that a listener's gender perception is determined not only by pitch, but also by other components such as intonation. However, the nature and extent of pitch changes required to alter gender perception are not known. In speech therapy, intonation training is frequently used for speech feminization. However, empirical evidence for this is lacking.

Research questions and/or hypotheses Thisresearch investigates the short- and long-term effects of intonation training on acoustic voice characteristics, gender perception and findings of gender-diverse individuals using a randomized sham-controlled trial (RCT). Based on findings from the literature, (a) gender-congruent values are expected for intonation parameters, in addition (b) assessments of gender that fit the gender identity of the person and (c) an improvement in self-assessment after intonation training in the short and long term. This study will lead to new insights into the relationship between intonation and gender perception and makes an important contribution to the evidence for the use of intonation training.

Research Protocol An RCT will be used. Gender diverse individuals will be recruited through the Ghent University Hospital. Inclusion criteria are: diagnosis of gender dysphoria established by the multidisciplinary gender team, age between 18 and 60 years, normal hearing and Dutch mother tongue. Taking into account the expertise of the research group and the low-threshold recruitment through the gender clinic of UZ Gent, a total of n=20 participants is a very feasible number. Subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental (intonation training) or control group (receiving a placebo intervention). Randomization will be stratified by age group and baseline speaking fundamental frequency. The experimental group will receive 4 weeks (1h/week) of intonation training with a pre- and post-voice assessment and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive sham therapy at a similar duration and frequency, also with a pre- and post-measurement and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive 4 more weeks (1 hour/week) of intonation training with a post measurement (due to ethical reasons). The multidimensional speech assessments will be blinded and completed and well-defined training programs will be used. The primary outcome measures are: acoustic intonation parameters, gender perception by listeners and self-assessment and client satisfaction. Linear mixed models with post-hoc pairwise comparisons will be used to analyze the evolution of continuous data within and between groups. ICC models and Cohen's kappa will be used to analyze inter- and intra rater reliability.
Teratogenic Effects:

Pregnancy category C

Terazosin was not teratogenic in either rats or rabbits when administered at oral doses up to 280 and 60 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose. Fetal resorptions occurred in rats dosed with 480 mg/kg/day, approximately 280 times the maximum recommended human dose. Increased fetal resorptions, decreased fetal weight and an increased number of supernumerary ribs were observed in offspring of rabbits dosed with 60 times the maximum recommended human dose. These findings (in both species) were most likely secondary to maternal toxicity. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women and the safety of terazosin in pregnancy has not been established. Terazosin is not recommended during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the mother and fetus.
In controlled clinical trials [see Clinical Studies (14)] a total of 77 (7%) of the 1102 TRESIBA-treated patients with type 1 diabetes were 65 years or older and 9 (1%) were 75 years or older. A total of 670 (25%) of the 2713 TRESIBA-treated patients with type 2 diabetes were 65 years or older and 80 (3%) were 75 years or older. Differences in safety or effectiveness were not suggested in subgroup analyses comparing subjects older than 65 years to younger subjects. 

In the safety outcomes trial (DEVOTE), a total of 1983 (52%) of the 3818 TRESIBA-treated patients with type 2 diabetes were 65 years or older and 381 (10%) were 75 years or older. Differences in safety or effectiveness were not observed in these subgroup analyses. 

Nevertheless, greater caution should be exercised when TRESIBA is administered to geriatric patients since greater sensitivity of some older individuals to the effects of TRESIBA cannot be ruled out. The initial dosing, dose increments, and maintenance dosage should be conservative to avoid hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia may be more difficult to recognize in the geriatric patients.
Numerous reports in recent years have focused on the influence of environmental factors on rheumatoid arthritis. This article provides an overview of the current study situation on the influence of modifiable environmental factors on the development and course of rheumatoid arthritis. Lifestyle factors, such as cigarette smoking, diet, exercise and body weight can be individually influenced. Factors such as air pollution and socioeconomic status can be influenced by environmental and sociopolitical measures at a public level. Epidemiological studies have identified nicotine abuse, an unhealthy diet and obesity as well as a low level of education and social status as risk factors for the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Numerous factors are also associated with a poorer response to treatment and a worse prognosis. As randomized interventional studies on most environmental factors are hardly feasible, the causal relationship of the individual factors to the incidence and progression of rheumatoid arthritis is difficult to quantify. Nevertheless, the current evidence already enables the provision of appropriate counselling to patients with rheumatoid arthritis with respect to a healthy lifestyle including abstaining from cigarette smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, physical activity and avoiding obesity.
Trait fatigues reflects tiredness that persists throughout a prolonged period, whereas state fatigue is a short-term reaction to intense or prolonged effort. We investigated the impact of sustained attention (using the SART) on both trait and state fatigue levels in the general population. An online version of the SART was undertaken by 115 participants, stratified across the whole adult lifespan. While pre-task trait fatigue was a strong indicator of the initial state fatigue levels, undergoing the task itself induced an increase in reported subjective state fatigue, and an accompanying reduction in subjective energy rating. Consistent with this finding, greater subjective state fatigue levels were associated with reduced accuracy. In addition, age was the best predictor of inter-participant accuracy (the older the participants, the greater the accuracy), and learning (i.e., task duration reducing reaction times). Moreover, a ceiling effect occurred where participants with higher trait fatigue did not experience greater state fatigue changes relative to those with low trait scores. In summary, we found improved accuracy in older adults, as well as a tight coupling between state fatigue and SART performance decline (in an online environment). The findings warrant further investigation into fatigue as a dynamic, task-dependent state and into SART performance as an objective measure and inducer of fatigue.
An electrophotographic printing machine in which an electrostatic latent image is recorded on a moving photoconductive surface by charging the appropriate areas of the surface to predetermined polarities. The latent image is a developed in a development zone with toners of a preselected color and predetermined polarity which are delivered by magnetic bead carriers. A bead removal device is provided adjacent the surface and downstream from the development zone relative to the movement of the surface. The bead removal device magnetically attracts carrier beads off the photoconductive surface. The beads are then deposited in a sump. A vacuum source is also provided for urging beads into the sump from the surface. The bead removal device comprising a sleeve mounted for rotation in a housing, adjacent the surface. The sleeve has a fixed magnet disposed proximate the surface therein and a shunt disposed generally opposite the magnet to define an attraction zone and a release zone. The vacuum source has a port proximate the release zone for drawing beads thereto and the housing can be ultimately formed to have a large aperture or relatively small aperture to urge beads on and near the photoconductive surface to the small aperture.
The treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, is undergoing a revolution. Intraocular injections of medications that can shut down the rapidly destructive "wet" form of the disease have changed this form to a chronic illness. However, vision is still lost. For the early forms of AMD, progression to the advanced "wet" and "dry" forms and severe vision loss is impeded but not stopped by current therapies of oral antioxidants. Thus, a better understanding of early AMD is needed to discover its root causes and provide treatment before irreparable damage is done.

The most important, highest-risk, and least understood form of early AMD is "reticular macular disease" (RMD). RMD is associated with significant progression to advanced AMD, both wet and dry. The lesions of RMD are well seen on the advanced retinal imaging techniques of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO). On SLO, RMD presents a pox-like pattern of dark defects SD-OCT provides high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina, where RMD is seen as a collection of cholesterol-containing deposits, and the choroid, an essential blood supply of the retina, which is thinned and may be damaged in RMD. A unified explanation of these facets of RMD is lacking.

Regarding AMD and systemic diseases, the association between stroke, heart attack and AMD has been studied, but with some conflicting findings. For example, a relationship with heart attack has been established in patients less than age 75, but not in older patients. Where does RMD fit in? At present, no one knows. However, the known facts are these: RMD is associated with decreased longevity, which is not the case with other early forms of AMD. This could happen if RMD and systemic vascular disease co-exist. Finally, there is the very high proportion of women relative to men among older patients with RMD, about 85%. Women develop heart disease later than men and survive heart disease a decade longer on average. It is possible that these diseases both begin earlier in life, with more men dying before reaching older ages and demonstrating RMD. The research team submitting this proposal has preliminary data suggesting that this is in fact the case.

In a small group of subjects 50-75 years old, RMD was detected in a significant proportion of those with CAD compared to those without. Furthermore, in this younger group, the ratio of men to women in the RMD group was equal. The team proposes a large-scale initiative to provide definitive answers to these questions, in collaboration with expert cardiologists and neurologists to document vascular status unequivocally, and utilizing the most advanced retinal imaging available for the detection of RMD. This could lead to greater understanding of all three, stroke, heart attack and AMD, and ultimately better treatment, providing much needed relief to suffering patients and relief to the healthcare burden of an aging population.
A composite implant is provided for repairing a tissue defect in a patient. In one embodiment, the implant is a porous tissue scaffold having at least one pocket formed therein and adapted to contain a viable tissue. The tissue scaffold can have a variety of configurations, and in one embodiment it includes top and bottom portions that can be at least partially mated to one another, and in an exemplary embodiment that are heated sealed to one another around a perimeter thereof to form an enclosed pocket therebetween. The pocket is preferably sealed with a viable tissue disposed therein. In another embodiment, the tissue scaffold is substantially wedge-shaped and the pocket comprises a hollow interior formed in the tissue scaffold, and/or at least one lumen extending into the tissue scaffold. The tissue scaffold can also optionally include at least one surface feature formed thereof to promote blood vessel formation.
FIELD: biologically active compounds. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel polymorphous forms of lesopitron (2-[4-[4-(chloropyrazol-1-yl] - 1- piperazinyl] pyrimidine) dihydrochloride showing activity relating central nervous system and particularly exhibiting anxiolytic, tranquillizing and antidepressant effects. Polymorphous forms are characterized by X-ray spectra of powder diffraction and IR spectra of scattered reflection. Indicated forms are prepared by crystallization of lesopitron dihydrochloride solution in mono-or polyatomic C1-C4-alcohol involving stepwise cooling followed by drying. Different polymorphous forms, I or II, are obtained depending on cooling conditions. Form I can also be prepared from form II. Lesopitron dihydrochloride hydrates are prepared in air oven at room temperature with air circulation providing required humidity, which depends on hydrate to be obtained. EFFECT: optimized preparation procedure. 17 cl, 8 dwg, 4 tbl, 6 ex
A detailed body composition profile report that consists of the following elements: basic demographic data, percent body fat, weight to muscle ratio, visceral fat and abdominal subcutaneous fat volume, visceral fat ratio (the fraction of visceral divided by total abdominal fat), muscle fat infiltration and liver fat (%), and thigh muscle volumes (also separated into right and left, anterior and posterior compartments). Each parameter is presented on a visual scale in the context of the individual value, general population defined by reference data (from United Kingdom (UK) Biobank population), a metabolic disease-free population (also from UK Biobank), low/high and very low/very high, corresponding to 15th and 5th percentiles, respectively. There are also descriptions of each biomarker and how they are derived to provide context for the recipient.
Urea cycle impairment and its relationship to obesity and inflammation remained elusive, partly due to the dramatic clinical presentation of classical urea cycle defects. We generated mice with hepatocyte-specific arginase 2 deletion (Arg2LKO) and revealed a mild compensated urea cycle defect. Stable isotope tracing and respirometry revealed hepatocyte urea and TCA cycle flux defects, impaired mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and glutamine anaplerosis despite normal energy and glucose homeostasis during early adulthood. Yet during middle adulthood, chow- and diet-induced obese Arg2LKO mice develop exaggerated glucose and lipid derangements, which are reversible by replacing the TCA cycle oxidative substrate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Moreover, serum-based hallmarks of urea, TCA cycle, and mitochondrial derangements predict incident fibroinflammatory liver disease in 106,606 patients nearly a decade in advance. The data reveal hierarchical urea-TCA cycle control via ARG2 to drive oxidative metabolism. Moreover, perturbations in this circuit may causally link urea cycle compromise to fibroinflammatory liver disease.
PURPOSE:To obtain a runproofing agent which can prevent the propagation of a small break or run formed in a stocking by a sharp object by using a specified adhesive. CONSTITUTION:The runproofing agent is prepared by mixing a quick drying adhesive desirably comprising at least one resin selected from among an alkyd resin, an acrylic resin and a toluene resin (e.g. alkyd resin) and at least one solvent selected from among an acetic ester, an alcohol and an aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. ethyl acetate and toluene) desirably with a film former (e.g. nitrocellulose) and a colorant (e.g. iron oxide).
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject new compound from inexpensive, readily available raw materials, having sustainable flavoring characteristics involving vegetablelike, seaweedlike or soillike fresh green feeling, useful as a formulation material for foods/beverages, cosmetics, hygienic goods, toiletries, medicines etc. CONSTITUTION: This compound is expressed by the formula (R is a 1-3C alkyl), e.g. 1-ethyl-5-methoxy-2-pyrrolidone. This compound of the formula is obtained by the following process: (A) an N-ethylsuccinimide is hydrogenated in (B) an alkanol such as methanol, ethanol or propyl alcohol in the presence of (C) a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride or lithium borohydride at 0-20 deg.C for 5-10h, and the product is purified and isolated through e.g. distillation, extraction, column chromatography or the like. The amounts of the components A, B and C to be used are as follows: B: 5-30 pts.wt. per pt.wt. of the component A, and C: 5-10mol per mol of the component A.
PURPOSE: An antioxidative composition containing a fermented Liriope platyphylla extract is provided to remove radicals and to suppress peroxide without side effects in a human body. CONSTITUTION: An antioxidative composition for a medicinal and pharmaceutical product contains a fermented Liriope platyphylla extract as an active ingredient. The Liriope platyphylla extract is fermented by using one or more kinds selected from a group consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Bifidobacterium breve, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The extract is prepared by using water, C1-C4 alcohol, and a mixture solvent thereof. An antioxidative composition for foods contains the extract as an active ingredient. An antioxidative composition for a cosmetic product contains the extract as an active ingredient.
Active or sham auricular stimulation will be conducted using the FDA-cleared tAN device (Sparrow®) manufactured by Spark Biomedical (Dallas, TX). The tAN devices are portable, wearable systems with two channels of stimulation (auricular vagus and auricular trigeminal). Two individual stimulation frequencies will be set: 15 Hz at cymba concha (Region1/Channel 1; vagal innervation) and 100 Hz adjacently anterior to the tragus (Region 2/Channel 2; trigeminal innervation). The pulse duration will be set at 250 µs for all participants. The stimulation intensities (mA) will be set at 1.0 and 1.4 (for Regions 1 and 2, respectively) based on values observed in previous clinical studies. If the participant states that the stimulation intensity is discomforting or unperceivable, the study personnel will gradually decrease/increase the intensity until a comfortable stimulation intensity is achieved.