anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Exposure to temperatures outside of a fish's optimal range results in suppression of the immune system, ultimately leaving aquaculture stocks susceptible to disease outbreaks. This effect is exacerbated in triploid fishes, which demonstrate greater susceptibility to stress than their diploid counterparts. This study investigates the impacts of acute heat stress on the abundance of immune transcripts and proteins in diploid and triploid Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), an important finfish crop. This study also demonstrates that acute heat stress induces significant increases in the abundance hsp70, hsp90 and il1b transcripts in the head kidneys, gills and heart ventricles of both diploid and triploid Chinook salmon. Widespread dysregulation of antigen-presentation transcripts was also observed in fish of both ploidies. These results suggest that acute heat stress activates acute-phase responses in Chinook salmon and dysregulates antigen presentation, potentially leaving fish more susceptible to infection. At the protein level, IL-1β was differentially expressed in the head kidney and ventricles of diploid and triploid salmon following heat shock. Differential expression of two tapasin-like proteins in diploid and triploid salmon subjected to heat shock was also observed. Altogether, these data indicate that diploid and triploid Chinook salmon respond differently to acute thermal stressors.
Disclosed herein are methods for improving user acceptance of an oral dosage form containing an active ingredient for use as a supplement and/or medicament by masking undesirous flavors, odors, tastes, smells, and/or palatability associated with certain active ingredients. A user may be a human and/or animal in need of a particular active ingredient. A preferred embodiment of the methods of the present invention may include: (1) selecting the oral dosage form; (2) incorporating an active ingredient into the oral dosage form; and (3) applying at least one substance to improve user acceptance of the oral dosage form. A substance to improve user acceptance of the oral dosage form may include a fragrance, flavorant, and/or appearance modification agent. Application of a substance to improve user acceptance and the organoleptic qualities of the oral dosage form may be accomplished by introducing the oral dosage form into a polishing and/or tumbler apparatus, washing the dosage form, and/or applying a coating to the oral dosage form. A preferred embodiment of the present invention improves user acceptance and the organoleptic qualities of the oral dosage form by suppressing unpleasant odors, flavors, taste, and/or palatability while not altering the physical parameters of the oral dosage form and being substantially more economical to produce. A preferred embodiment of the present invention may result in a substance to improve user acceptance being applied to the outer and/or inner surface of an oral dosage form.
PURPOSE:To provide a cosmetic containing large amount of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid in combination with cyclodextrin and a neutralizing agent in high stability, and having excellent skin-beautifying effect and anti-suntan effect and improved durability of the anti-suntan effect. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic contains (A) 0.1-20wt% (preferably 0.5-15wt%) 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, (B) 0.5-1.2mol (based on 1mol of the component A) of cyclodextrin and (C) a neutralizing agent (e.g. NaOH, arginine, etc.). The cyclodextrin forms a clathrate complex with the 4-hydroxycinnamic acid in the cosmetic to improve the solubility of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid in water. The skin-beautifying effect of the composition is supposed to be caused by the effect of the cyclodextrin to block the 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and protect the 4-hydroxycinnamic acid from decomposition. Since the apparent molecular weight is increased by the formation of a clathrate compound, the transcutaneous absorption can be suppressed and the durability of the anti-suntan effect can be improved.
OBJECTIVE: This single-blind, randomized controlled study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on sleep quality and fatigue in the postmenopausal period. Progressive muscle relaxation aims to relax the muscles in the body and includes breathing techniques.
METHODS: This study was carried out between January 2022 and July 2022 with 63 postmenopausal women who applied to a district state hospital and had poor sleep quality. The women assigned to the experimental group (EG) (n = 31) applied progressive muscle relaxation exercises every day for 8 weeks. In contrast, the women in the control group (CG) (n = 32) continued their routine coping habits related to sleep problems and fatigue in the postmenopausal period. The EG and CG were reevaluated using the Piper Fatigue Scale and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index in the fourth and eighth weeks. The women applied progressive muscle relaxation exercises with a guide prepared by the researchers and the compact disc of the Turkish Psychologists Association. In the data analysis, the independent-samples t test, Fisher's exact test, and χ2 test were used to compare individual, obstetric, and medical characteristics between the groups. The difference between dependent groups at different times was evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance.
RESULTS: There was an improvement in fatigue symptoms in the progressive muscle relaxation exercises-performing EG at the end of 8 weeks compared with the CG, and fatigue symptoms increased in the CG (P < 0.001). There was a greater improvement in the sleep quality of the progressive muscle relaxation exercises-performing EG at the end of 8 weeks compared with the CG (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In our study, it was determined that progressive muscle relaxation exercises had an improving effect on sleep quality and fatigue.
The invention relates to a bluetongue virus serum 1 (BTV1) VP2 protein monoclonal antibody (BTV1-4B6), a B-cell epitope polypeptide identified by the BTV1-4B6 and application of the BTV1-4B6, belonging to the field of the prevention and treatment of bluetongue. The invention further relates to a hybridoma cell strain which secretes the monoclonal antibody. The BTV1-VP2 protein monoclonal antibody secreted by the hybridoma cell strain disclosed by the invention is named BTV1-4B6. Furthermore, the BTV1-VP2 protein B-cell epitope polypeptide, namely <115>AQPLKVGL<122>, identified by the antibody is appraised by using truncated antigen expression oligopeptides and a peptide scanning technology, and shown by sequence alignment results, the epitope polypeptide is a unique and conservative B-cell epitope polypeptide of BTV1. Shown by immunofluorescence experiment results, the BTV1-4B6 can be subjected to specific reaction with the BTV1 and does not react with BTV2 to BTV24. Thus, the BTV1-4B6 can be applied to the research and application of BTV1 specific diagnosis.
DDH is the most common pediatric hip condition, with 1-3% of all newborns diagnosed at birth. However, the true incidence of DDH is difficult to quantify due to significant variations in diagnostic criteria, terminology, screening and monitoring procedures, as well as ethnic and cultural differences. The spectrum of DDH encompasses mild dysplasia or instability of a reduced hip, to a completely dislocated, irreducible hip. If left undetected or untreated, it can lead to debilitating complications later in life. Much of the evidence existing to date in the DDH literature is from retrospective and/or single-centre studies, and the spectral nature of the condition has resulted in inconsistent or ill-defined terminology to classify patients in regard to diagnosis and laterality. Consequently, the patient population is often not clearly defined or reported, making it difficult to compare or combine different study results in order to produce strong evidence to guide treatment and management. This issue was highlighted in the updated clinical practice guidelines released in partnership between the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery (AAOS) and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) in 2014. Of the nine recommendations made, only two were of moderate strength, while the other seven were of low strength.

Discrepancies begin with DDH screening practices. Clinical examination for hip instability is a universal standard practice; however, not all cases are detectable by this method, leading to potential missed diagnoses or late-presentations that are more difficult to treat. Beyond the clinical exam, screening, management and treatment practices are highly variable across surgeons, centres and countries. Some countries, particularly those in Europe, employ universal ultrasound screening, while others use selective ultrasound screening as a supplement to the clinical exam for infants with specific risk factors. Defined risk factors that have currently been deemed to warrant further screening and monitoring include breech presentation, family history of DDH or a clinical history of hip instability. Regardless of screening program, missed or late-presentations still occur, warranting further investigation. Further variability is introduced with primary treatment and management. Bracing is the most common first-line treatment, particularly in younger patients or patients with unstable or reducible hips. Surgical treatment (closed or open reduction) is more often used as first-line treatment in older patients, or patients with more severe dislocations. However, significant variation is seen in practice patterns, complication rates and treatment success with each of these methods, and identification and analysis of prognostic factors have been lacking methodological rigor. Development of a comprehensive, prospective registry will provide a unique and unprecedented platform for examining numerous aspects of the full DDH spectrum, including long-term treatment outcomes and risk factors.
BACKGROUND: Analyzing bacterial microbiomes consistently using next-generation sequencing (NGS) is challenging due to the diversity of synthetic platforms for 16S rRNA genes and their analytical pipelines. This study compares the efficacy of full-length (V1-V9 hypervariable regions) and partial-length (V3-V4 hypervariable regions) sequencing of synthetic 16S rRNA genes from human gut microbiomes, with a focus on childhood obesity.
METHODS: In this observational and comparative study, we explored the differences between these two sequencing methods in taxonomic categorization and weight status prediction among twelve children with obstructive sleep apnea.
RESULTS: The full-length NGS method by Pacbio® identified 118 genera and 248 species in the V1-V9 regions, all with a 0% unclassified rate. In contrast, the partial-length NGS method by Illumina® detected 142 genera (with a 39% unclassified rate) and 6 species (with a 99% unclassified rate) in the V3-V4 regions. These approaches showed marked differences in gut microbiome composition and functional predictions. The full-length method distinguished between obese and non-obese children using the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, a known obesity marker (p = 0.046), whereas the partial-length method was less conclusive (p = 0.075). Additionally, out of 73 metabolic pathways identified through full-length sequencing, 35 (48%) were associated with level 1 metabolism, compared to 28 of 61 pathways (46%) identified through the partial-length method. The full-length NGS also highlighted complex associations between body mass index z-score, three bacterial species (Bacteroides ovatus, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and Streptococcus parasanguinis ATCC 15912), and 17 metabolic pathways. Both sequencing techniques revealed relationships between gut microbiota composition and OSA-related parameters, with full-length sequencing offering more comprehensive insights into associated metabolic pathways than the V3-V4 technique.
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight disparities in NGS-based assessments, emphasizing the value of full-length NGS with amplicon sequence variant analysis for clinical gut microbiome research. They underscore the importance of considering methodological differences in future meta-analyses.
The invention provides application of eel peptide in preparing food, medicine or health care products for promoting immunity, and relates to the technical field of biological medicine. As shown in the specific example, the Griess method detects the influence of eel peptide on the NO content produced by mouse macrophages, and the eel peptide is found to promote the release of macrophage NO. The CCK-8 method detects the influence of the eel peptide on the activity of the macrophage, and shows that the eel peptide does not influence the cell activity of the macrophage. The protein immunoblotting method is used for determining the expression conditions of iNOS protein and NF-kB signal channel, and the discovery that the eel peptide can well induce the expression of iNOS and activate the NF-kB signal channel is found. The influence of eel peptide on the TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion amount is detected by an ELISA method, and the eel peptide is found to promote the release of cell TNF-alpha and IL-6. The eel peptide has good immunity enhancing effect, and can be developed as novel immunity promoting food, medicine or health care product.
Group 4 is an infectivity-control group for the sporozoite challenge procedures: these volunteers will not be vaccinated. Group 4 volunteers will be used as infectivity controls if any volunteers from groups 1 and 2 are rechallenged 5 - 7 months after the initial CHMI. CHMI may be administered in two separate cohorts if necessary due to limitations on volunteer availability.
We will select our 400 controls from two groups of participants who are free of cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. First, we will leverage community mobilization groups to identify and recruit a target group of 200 community-based population controls. Second, we will identify and recruit the remaining 200 controls from those seeking care in the Outpatient Health Center at OAU, which sees \~50-60 patients per day as part of routine care.
Microscopic hematuria (MH) can be a sign of an underlying disease, including malignancy of the urinary tract, and is reason for referral to a urology clinic. The current standard diagnostic workup for MH patients includes visual inspection of the bladder by cystoscopy and upper tract imaging to rule out the presence of a tumor in the urinary tract. However, the a priori risk of cancer in patients with MH is only 2-5%. Consequently, 95% of MH patients unnecessarily undergo invasive procedures, which are: I) uncomfortable and stressful for patients, II) has a significant impact on limited available (financial) resources and III) a CT scan is accompanied by exposure to ionizing radiation.

Previously we developed a molecular urine assay to detect urinary tract cancer in hematuria patients that had robust diagnostic performance; a negative predictive value \>99%, sensitivity, and specificity \>90%. The SeARCH-trial evaluates the clinical impact of a urine assay as a 'urine-first' strategy, meaning that only patients with an abnormal urine test results undergo invasive diagnostics. In this multicenter stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial we compare clinical outcomes by using a 'urine-first' strategy to 'care-as-usual', which is a cystoscopy and upper tract imaging in all patients presenting with MH. In addition, we assess patients' preferences, patients reported outcome measurements, and healthcare costs to show that a 'urine-first' strategy improves patients' quality of life and results in a more appropriate use of limited available resources.
The invention relates to the use of inhibitors for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases resulting from increased receptor tyrosine kinase activity, especially cancer. Use concerns particularly the inhibition or reduction of over-expression and/or altered activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RKTs). Such changes in the activity of receptor tyrosine kinase may be triggered particularly by a mutation of the FGFR-4, which mutation is especially a point mutation in the transmembrane domain of FGFR-4 and leads to an exchange of a hydrophobic for a hydrophilic amino acid. The invention further relates to the use of an inhibitor directed against FGFR-4 for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer. The invention also relates to a mutated FGFR-4 causing overexpression and/or altered activity in cells. The invention finally relates to a DNA and RNA sequence of a mutated FGFR-4 molecule, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the inhibitor described above, and a diagnostic and screening method.
Crops are constantly exposed to pathogenic microbes. Rust fungi are examples of these harmful microorganisms, which have a major economic impact on wheat production. To protect themselves from pathogens like rust fungi, plants employ a multilayered immune system that includes immunoreceptors encoded by resistance genes. Significant efforts have led to the isolation of numerous resistance genes against rust fungi in cereals, especially in wheat. However, the evolution of virulence of rust fungi hinders the durability of resistance genes as a strategy for crop protection. Rust fungi, like other biotrophic pathogens, secrete an arsenal of effectors to facilitate infection, and these are the molecules that plant immunoreceptors target for pathogen recognition and mounting defense responses. When recognized, these effector proteins are referred to as avirulence (Avr) effectors. Despite the many predicted effectors in wheat rust fungi, only five Avr genes have been identified, all from wheat stem rust. Knowledge of the Avr genes and their variation in the fungal population will inform deployment of the most appropriate wheat disease-resistance genes for breeding and farming. The review provides an overview of methodologies as well as the validation techniques that have been used to characterize Avr effectors from wheat stem rust. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
Vigabatrin causes symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in adults. Pediatric clinical trials were not designed to assess symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, but observed incidence of symptoms based on pooled data from controlled pediatric studies appeared similar for pediatric patients on vigabatrin and placebo. In a pool of North American controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy studies, 4.2% (19/457) of vigabatrin patients developed signs and/or symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. In the subset of North American placebo-controlled epilepsy trials, 1.4% (4/280) of vigabatrin treated patients and no (0/188) placebo patients developed signs and/or symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Initial manifestations of peripheral neuropathy in these trials included, in some combination, symptoms of numbness or tingling in the toes or feet, signs of reduced distal lower limb vibration or position sensation, or progressive loss of reflexes, starting at the ankles. Clinical studies in the development program were not designed to investigate peripheral neuropathy systematically and did not include nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, or skin or nerve biopsy. There is insufficient evidence to determine if development of these signs and symptoms was related to duration of vigabatrin treatment, cumulative dose, or if the findings of peripheral neuropathy were completely reversible upon discontinuation of vigabatrin.
Approximately 4 inch strip of Kinesio Tape will be applied to the scapular spine of the same side as the affected extremity. The Kinesio Tape will remain in place for three days, with the participants returning for skin check by the researchers and re-application four times during the course of the study by the researcher. A tape removal form will be provided should the participants want to remove it prior to the next visit.
Ischemic heart disease gravely threatens human health and even results in death. Kirenol is predominantly derived from the Herba Siegesbeckiae plant species and possesses a wide range of biological effects (such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective). However, the regulatory effects and associated mechanisms of kirenol in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) remain unclear. In this study, first, the MI/RI rat model was established. It was demonstrated that kirenol protected against the aggravation of cardiac function in MI/RI rats. In addition, the inflammation was induced by ischemia reperfusion (IR), which was likewise affected by kirenol (5 or 10 mg/kg). Moreover, IR enhanced oxidative stress, a process that was counteracted by kirenol. Next, cell apoptosis was discovered to be heightened after IR, but this effect was neutralized by kirenol. Finally, it was revealed that kirenol has the ability to block the activation of the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, it was disclosed that kirenol alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress through modulating the NF-κB pathway to improve MI/RI in rats. This work may offer novel insights for searching useful drugs for treating MI/RI.
The invention relates to penicillium citrinum-derived penicitrinine A as well as application thereof to preparation of drugs for resisting human liver cancer. The compound has the effect of restraining human liver cancer cell proliferation. The structural formula of the compound is shown in the description. According to the invention, through fermenting culture of penicillium citrinum IBPT-5, a fermentation product is obtained, and then the compound is separated and purified from the fermentation product. Experiment results confirm that the compound has better antitumor activity on human liver cancer cells such as PLC/PRF/5, HUH-7 and SK-HEP-1. The penicillium citrinum-derived penicitrinine A can be applied to preparation of human liver cancer cell proliferation inhibition drugs or antitumor drugs to be used for research on human liver cancer.