anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of neurological disability and even more serious fetal or neonatal asphyxia death. As the therapeutic time window is limited and timely intervention could have a better prognosis, elucidating the mechanisms underlying HIE and developing novel therapeutic strategies is of great importance. In the present study, 1, 5-Diaminonaphthalene hydrochloride (1, 5-DANHCl) assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) was applied to the neonatal rat model of HIE to investigate metabolic changes during hypoxic-ischemic period. Seventy-three metabolites involved in various metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, nucleoside metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and ionic homeostasis demonstrated significant changes. It is worth mentioning that we have detected neutral triglycerides (TGs) that are difficult to ionize and observed their accumulation in the ischemic region, which has been rarely reported in previous studies. The results not only help us discover biomarkers but also provide new insights into its mechanism for us to understand the pathological and physiological processes of the disease.
The present study aims to determine whether a computer-based intervention can provide augmentation of home visiting services to decrease the risk of child maltreatment. The computer-based software includes modules on motivation, Cognitive Retraining, and elements of the ecobehavioral SafeCare approach. A total of 420 mother-infant dyads from four Healthy Families America (HFA) sites will be randomly assigned to either treatment as usual, software-supplemented home visitation, or community control conditions. For families in the software-supplemented condition, home visitors will present the software to parents via a Tablet PC during regular home visits. All parents will be followed-up at 6, 12, and 18 months by independent and blinded research assistants. Parents are evaluated for maltreatment and maltreatment risks as measured by self-report, home visitor report, blinded independent observers, and statewide CPS data. If validated, the proposed intervention can provide augmentation of home visiting services with unprecedented ease of dissemination, at negligible additional cost, and with limitless potential for further development.
BACKGROUND: Perinatal depression (including antenatal-, postnatal-, and depression that spans both timepoints) is a prevalent disorder with high morbidity that affects both mother and child. Even though the full biological blueprints of perinatal depression remain incomplete, multiple studies indicate that, at least for antenatal depression, the disorder has an inflammatory component likely linked to a dysregulation of the enzymatic kynurenine pathway. The production of neuroactive metabolites in this pathway, including quinolinic acid (QUIN), is upregulated in the placenta due to the multiple immunological roles of the metabolites during pregnancy. Since neuroactive metabolites produced by the pathway also may affect mood by directly affecting glutamate neurotransmission, we sought to investigate whether the placental expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes controlling QUIN production was associated with both peripheral inflammation and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
METHODS: 68 placentas obtained at birth were analyzed using qPCR to determine the expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes. Cytokines and metabolites were quantified in plasma using high-sensitivity electroluminescence and ultra-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) throughout pregnancy and the post-partum. Associations between these factors were assessed using robust linear regression with ranked enzymes.
RESULTS: Low placental quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (QPRT), the enzyme responsible for degrading QUIN, was associated with higher IL-6 and higher QUIN/kynurenic acid ratios at the 3rd trimester. Moreover, women with severe depressive symptoms in the 3rd trimester had significantly lower placental expression of both QPRT and 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD); impaired activity of these two enzymes leads to QUIN accumulation.
CONCLUSION: Overall, our data support that a compromised placental environment, featuring low expression of critical kynurenine pathway enzymes is associated with increased levels of plasma cytokines and the dysregulated kynurenine metabolite pattern observed in depressed women during pregnancy.
Smoking exerts harmful effects on nearly every organ of the body and causes 7 million deaths worldwide each year. In Hong Kong, despite a decrease in the prevalence of daily cigarette smoking from 23.3% in 1982 to 10.0% in 2017, there are still 615,000 daily smokers. The evidence has shown that continued smoking in patients with chronic diseases can reduce the efﬁcacy of medical treatments and increase the risk of treatment-related side effects. Nevertheless, many smokers with chronic diseases have a long smoking history, a strong nicotine dependency, and have not attempted or have no intention to quit. It is essential to develop and evaluate a more innovative and effective intervention to enhance the acceptability of smoking cessation for smokers with chronic diseases.

The proposed intervention will aim to facilitate the movement through five stages of change (pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance)15 via the (i) foot-in-the-door technique and (ii) a brief MI. The World Health Organization defines medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices as mobile health, a new strategy to promote health.21 Instant messaging, such as WhatsApp/WeChat delivered by mobile devices, is widely used for health promotion and treatment compliance.22 One advantage of using WhatsApp/WeChat is that it can offer quick, real-time interactions and continuing professional advice and support for subjects to manage their health-related lifestyle practices. Most importantly, WhatsApp/WeChat is more flexible, efficient and time-saving compared to face-to-face meetings to deliver a brief MI as face-to-face meetings would require the subjects to return several times for interventions. A systematic review of the use of mobile phone-based interventions for smoking cessation showed that smokers who received instant messages via mobile phones were more likely to abstain from smoking compared to those who used traditional face-to-face cessation services.23 A recent study conducted by our team in Hong Kong also showed that the use of WhatsApp for instant messaging was more effective in smoking relapse prevention for recent quitters.24 However, we found no reports or proposals based on the above conceptual framework and strategies in which ICTs were used with smokers who had no intention to quit.
Context-dependent physiological remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for development and organ homeostasis. On the other hand, consumption of high-caloric diet leverages ECM remodeling to create pathological conditions that impede the functionality of different organs, including the heart. However, the mechanistic basis of high caloric diet-induced ECM remodeling has yet to be elucidated. Employing in vivo molecular genetic analyses in Drosophila, we demonstrate that high dietary sugar triggers ROS-independent activation of JNK signaling to promote fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the pericardial cells (nephrocytes). An elevated level of FAO, in turn, induces histone acetylation-dependent transcriptional upregulation of the cytokine Unpaired 3 (Upd3). Release of pericardial Upd3 augments fat body-specific expression of the cardiac ECM protein Pericardin, leading to progressive cardiac fibrosis. Importantly, this pathway is quite distinct from the ROS-Ask1-JNK/p38 axis that regulates Upd3 expression under normal physiological conditions. Our results unravel an unknown physiological role of FAO in cytokine-dependent ECM remodeling, bearing implications in diabetic fibrosis.
Despite the high mortality rate, sepsis lacks specific and effective treatment options. Conventional antibiotics, such as TIENAM (TIE; imipenem and cilastatin sodium for injection), face challenges owing to the emergence of bacterial resistance, which reduces their effectiveness and causes adverse effects. Addressing resistance and judicious drug use is crucial. Our research revealed that aloin (Alo) significantly boosts survival rates and reduces inflammation and bacterial load in mice with sepsis, demonstrating strong antimicrobial activity. Using a synergistic Alo + TIE regimen in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model, we observed a remarkable increase in survival rates from 10 % to 75 % within 72 h compared with the CLP group alone. This combination therapy also modulated inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, mitigated tissue damage, regulated immune cells by lowering NK, activated CD8+ and CD4+ T cells while increasing peritoneal macrophages, and decreased the bacterial load in the peritoneal cavity. We noted a significant shift in the abdominal cavity microbiota composition post-treatment, with a decrease in harmful bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Klebsiella, Bacillus, and Escherichia, and an increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Mucispirillum. Our study emphasizes the efficacy of combining Alo with TIE to combat sepsis, and paves the way for further investigations and potential clinical applications aiming to overcome the limitations of TIE and enhance the therapeutic prospects of Alo.
A treating physician must perform a clinical assessment within half an hour of patient arrival. This assessment includes the decision whether the patient is suspected of having pneumonia and if this is the case, a sputum specimen and chest x-ray will be ordered. Patients with suspected pneumonia who can deliver a sputum specimen will be randomly allocated with a 1:1 computer-generated randomization schedule with permuting blocks in relation to optimal therapeutical intervention strategy. All standard care sputum samples will be cultured and analysed according to the sites' standard procedures. Under standard care, the treating physician alone decides on the optimal therapeutical intervention.
FIELD: medicine, stomatology. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with chalk- based dental pastes. Dental paste contains chalk, sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose, either glycerol or sorbitol, sodiumlaurylsulfate, lavender oil, eucalyptus oil, sage oil, menthol, conservant and water. It provides both curative and prophylactic actions upon organs and tissues of mouth cavity. EFFECT: higher quality of dental paste. 5 cl, 2 ex
Placebo 25mL, without any ingredients of immature ponkan extract. Drink 25mL for once, and once a day.
Background/Objectives: The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition linked to the ongoing obesity pandemic, is rapidly increasing worldwide. In turn, its multifactorial etiology is consistently associated with low dietary quality. Changing dietary macronutrient and phytochemical quality via incorporating cooked common bean into an obesogenic diet formulation has measurable health benefits on the occurrence of both obesity and hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: A cohort of C57BL/6 mice were randomized into experimental diets containing multiple dietary concentrations of common bean. The primary endpoint of this study was comparing metabolomic analyses from liver and plasma of different treatment groups. Additionally, RNA sequencing and protein expression analysis via nanocapillary immunoelectrophoresis were used to elucidate signaling mediators involved. Results: Herein, global metabolomic profiling of liver and plasma identified sphingolipids as a lipid subcategory on which bean consumption exerted significant effects. Of note, C16 and C18 ceramides were significantly decreased in bean-fed animals. Hepatic RNAseq data revealed patterns of transcript expression of genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism that were consistent with metabolite profiles. Conclusions: Bean incorporation into an otherwise obesogenic diet induces effects on synthesis, biotransformation, and degradation of sphingolipids that inhibit the accumulation of ceramide species that exert pathological activity. These effects are consistent with a mechanistic role for altered sphingolipid metabolism in explaining how bean inhibits the development of MASLD.
OBJECTIVE: Describing spectrum, evolution, and clinical relationship of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a large case series of children with febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES).
METHODS: This retrospective study included 31 children with FIRES. Clinical data and MRI findings of the brain were evaluated. Poor clinical outcome was defined as severe disability, persistent vegetative state or stupor, very low intelligence quotient (<80), or death (modified Rankin scale 4-6 and Glasgow Outcome Score 1-3).
RESULTS: Seventeen (54.8%) children with FIRES showed no abnormalities in the initial MRI, whereas 28 (90.3%) children showed MRI abnormalities at follow-up. The most frequent abnormalities were brain atrophy (74.2%) and T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery changes (64.5%), mostly hippocampal (45.2%). Generalized brain atrophy was the most frequent type of atrophy (58%). The earliest atrophy was recorded 9 days after the onset of disease. It progressed even beyond the acute phase in most children (51.6%). The exploratory data analysis revealed nominal significance between all MRI abnormalities considered together and poor outcome (p = 0.049) and between generalized brain atrophy and anesthesia (p = 0.024). After adjustment for multiple testing, the p-values were not significant. The outcome in four (12.9%) children was not poor despite generalized brain atrophy.
CONCLUSION: In contrast to the uniform clinical course, MRI demonstrated a broad spectrum of findings. Initially, these were mostly normal and therefore indicative of FIRES but then changed rapidly and were mostly progressive despite the stable chronic course. The cause may be ongoing disease, treatment intensity, or both. Future studies should focus on what process underlies the onset and the progression of brain atrophy. However, brain atrophy was not always related to poor outcomes in children despite FIRES.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a low-toxic, highly safe therapeutic agent free from any side effect, useful for treating intractable angiitis such as malignant arthrorheumatism, including a specific hydantoin derivative. SOLUTION: This therapeutic agent including, as effective ingredient, a hydantoin derivative of the formula (R1 and R2 are each H, an alkyl, or the like; X and Y are each H, OH, an alkoxy, or the like) (e.g. 1-methylhydantoin) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is obtained. This agent is pref. a therapeutic agent for malignant arthrorheumatism. The compound of the formula can be made into medicaments through combination with relevant supports or diluents, and can be manufactured into pharmaceutical preparations as oral agents including tablets and capsules or as parenteral agents including hypodermic injections and intravenous injections; the oral agents can also be combined with additives (e.g. vehicles including lactic acid, binders including gum arabic, disintegrants including cornstarch).  The daily dose of the compound of the formula is pref. 5-600 mg/adult in terms of the active ingredient for oral administration.
The invention relates to dihydroxydibenzo [ b, f ]][1,5]Dioxaoctyl ring compounds, a preparation method, a medicinal composition and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of chemistry and medicines. The structure of the compound is shown as the formula (I): formula (I). The compound is separated from lichen and red snow tea, and can remarkably kill and/or inhibit various human cancer cells in vitro. Has obvious inhibiting effect on the growth of mouse transplantation tumor in vivo. Has synergistic or additive combined antitumor effect with clinical antitumor drug. The in vitro anticancer effect has obvious targeting property and selectivity. Can affect the cycle distribution, gene expression, signal path and function of cancer cells, and promote cancer cell apoptosis. Has no obvious toxicity to animals, and can also obviously reduce the toxicity of the cisplatin to the animals. The compound of formula (I) can be used as a chemotherapeutic drug for human cancers, as a combined drug of other anticancer drugs, a toxicity antagonist drug or a health product for cancer adjuvant therapy.
A 9-year-old Thoroughbred mare with normal external genitalia and regular oestrus symptoms was gynecologically examined prior to insemination. This primary examination revealed the presence of a hypoplastic uterus and the lack of normal ovaries, and the mare was therefore subjected to more detailed diagnostics, including endocrinological, genetic, and clinical tests. Diagnostic imaging with the use of ultrasonography and endoscopy confirmed the underdevelopment of internal genitalia. Analysis of circulating sex hormones revealed very low concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol. Finally, cytogenetic analysis showed the presence of non-mosaic X trisomy (65,XXX), an aneuploidy of sex chromosomes that is rarely detected in horses. This finding was also confirmed by molecular methods, including highly sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and microsatellite markers genotyping. Our study reveals the need for gynaecological and genetic evaluation of broodmares, even if their phenotype (including developed external genitalia and oestrus symptoms) shows no signs of potential abnormalities.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a humectant dispersion having high dispersibility, high ultraviolet-protecting effect and excellent stability in a cosmetic by using an inorganic ultraviolet shielding material subjected to a specific treatment and dispersing the material in a humectant. SOLUTION: Humectant molecules are adsorbed to an inorganic ultraviolet- shielding material by a mechanochemical reaction and the material is dispersed in a humectant. The dispersion is preferably carried out by using a dispersing agent to assist the dispersion operation. The material is preferably fixed to a fixation agent. The weight ratios of (inorganic ultraviolet-shielding material) : (dispersing agent) : (humectant) (including adsorbed humectant molecules) are 1:(0.2-0.9):(2-9.5) and the ratios of (inorganic ultraviolet-shielding material) : (fixing agent) : (dispersing agent) : (humectant) are 1:(0.4-0.9):(0.2-0.6):(2-9.5).  The dispersion can suppress the optical activity and catalytic activity of the inorganic ultraviolet-shielding material and, accordingly, does not cause adverse effect on the other components compounded to a cosmetic or the coagulation together with the other components.
Patients receive daratumumab and hyaluronidase-fihj SC over 3-5 minutes on days 1 and 15 as well as bortezomib SC over 3-5 minutes, cyclophosphamide PO or IV, and dexamethasone PO or IV on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days for up to 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo echocardiography at screening and at progression. Patients undergo bone marrow aspiration and biopsy within14-28 days post consolidation treatment and at progression. Patients undergo blood and urine sample collection at screening, at the start of each cycle, and the end of treatment and during follow up or at progression.
The sponsor was required to include all patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and who were treated Humira in routine medical practice during the review period by the PMDA. The safety analysis set included all patients who met all eligibility criteria and received at least one dose of Humira. The full analysis set included all patients who were treated with Humira for at least 2 weeks and had complete DAS 28 assessments at baseline and at least one other time point.
Patients receive cabozantinib-s-malate PO QD on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
ULTRAPRO® Partially Absorbable Lightweight Mesh (Ethicon, Inc.) is manufactured from approximately equal parts of absorbable poliglecaprone-25 monofilament fiber and non-absorbable polypropylene monofilament fiber. Designed for open and laparoscopic hernia repairs, it allows surgeons the versatility to perform various hernia repairs with a single technology. It offers excellent strength with minimal foreign body mass, to allow patients to heal more naturally with increased comfort and mobility.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease (NDD), is characterized by chronic neuronal cell death through progressive loss of cognitive function. Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins are considered the hallmarks of AD pathology. Different therapeutic approaches approved by the Food and Drug Administration can only target a single altered pathway instead of various mechanisms that are involved in AD pathology, resulting in limited symptomatic relief and almost no effect in slowing down the disease progression. Growing evidence on modulating the components of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) proclaimed their neuroprotective effects by reducing neurochemical alterations and preventing cellular dysfunction. Recent studies on AD mouse models have reported that the inhibitors of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol (MAGL), hydrolytic enzymes for N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), respectively, might be promising candidates as therapeutical intervention. The FAAH and MAGL inhibitors alone or in combination seem to produce neuroprotection by reversing cognitive deficits along with Aβ-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative responses, and neuronal death, delaying AD progression. Their exact signaling mechanisms need to be elucidated for understanding the brain intrinsic repair mechanism. The aim of this review was to shed light on physiology and pathophysiology of AD and to summarize the experimental data on neuroprotective roles of FAAH and MAGL inhibitors. In this review, we have also included CB1R and CB2R modulators with their diverse roles to modulate ECS mediated responses such as anti-nociceptive, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory actions in AD. Future research would provide the directions in understanding the molecular mechanisms and development of new therapeutic interventions for the treatment of AD.