anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Absence seizures result from aberrant thalamocortical processing that confers synchronous, bilateral spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) and behavioral arrest. Previous work has demonstrated that SWDs can result from enhanced thalamic tonic inhibition, consistent with the mechanism of first-line antiabsence drugs that target thalamic low-voltage-activated calcium channels. However, nearly half of patients with absence epilepsy are unresponsive to first-line medications. In this study we evaluated the role of cortical tonic inhibition and its manipulation on absence seizure expression.
METHODS: We used video-electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring to show that mice with a γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor mutation (γ2R43Q) display absence seizures. Voltage-clamp recordings in brain slices from wild type and γ2R43Q mice were used to evaluate the amount of tonic inhibition and its selective pharmacological modulation. Finally, we determined whether modulating tonic inhibition controls seizure expression.
RESULTS: γ2R43Q mice completely lack tonic inhibition in principal neurons of both layer 2/3 cortex and ventrobasal thalamus. Blocking cortical tonic inhibition in wild type mice is sufficient to elicit SWDs. Tonic inhibition in slices from γ2R43Q mice could be rescued in a dose-dependent fashion by the synthetic neurosteroid ganaxolone. Low-dose ganaxolone suppressed seizures in γ2R43Q mice.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that reduced cortical tonic inhibition promotes absence seizures and that normal function can be restored via selective pharmacological rescue. These results, together with previous findings, suggest that deviations of tonic inhibition either above or below an optimal set point can contribute to absence epilepsy. Returning the thalamocortical system to this set point may provide a novel treatment for refractory absence epilepsy.
PURPOSE:An antitumor agent, containing 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol as an active constituent, and capable of exhibiting the inhibitory action on the multiplication of tumorous cells or cellulicidal effects without side effects in continuous use for a long term. CONSTITUTION:An antitumor agent containing 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol of formula I , e.g. 24R, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol of formula II, as an active constituent. The above-mentioned compound is found to have the inhibitory action on the multiplication of tumorous cells or cellulicidal effects in 10mug/ml concentration as a result of in vitro studies on antitumor effects by using K-562 derived from human leukemia and LICR-LON-HMy2 cells derived from human myeloma. On the other hand, there is no abnormality in vivo blood biochemical tests and anatomical findings as a result of continued administration for 30 days in 1mg/kg/day dose. This substance is an in vivo substance, and a safe new type anticancer agent administrable for a long term.
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is related to the aggregation of insoluble fibrous deposits of misfolded proteins within the myocardium. Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis are the main forms of CA. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in CA patients, especially in those with ATTR amyloidosis. Increased atrial preload and afterload, atrial enlargement, enhanced atrial wall stress, and autonomic dysfunction are the main mechanisms of AF in CA patients. CA is associated with the formation of endocardial thrombi and systemic embolism. The promoters of thrombogenesis include endomyocardial damage, blood stasis, and hypercoagulability. The prevalence of thrombi in patients with AF remains elevated despite long-term anticoagulation. Consequently, transesophageal ultrasound examinations before cardioversion should be performed to exclude endocardiac thrombi despite anticoagulation. Furthermore, the CHA2DS2-VASc score should not be used to assess the thromboembolic risk in CA patients with AF. Rate control is challenging in patients with CA, while rhythm control is the preferred treatment option, especially in the early stages of the disease process. Although catheter ablation is an effective treatment option, more data are needed to explore the role of the procedure in CA patients.
Patients randomized to the outpatient cervical ripening arm will come in for a scheduled visit in Labor and Delivery prior to her scheduled induction. A research nurse will examine her and place the Cervidil insert into the posterior vaginal fornix. The patient will be monitored for 2 hours and sent home after a the following are present: (1) reactive non-stress test (NST) (2) category 1 tracing x 2 hours (3) no vaginal bleeding (4) normal maternal vital signes (5) intact bag of water (BOW) and (6) less than 1 contraction every 10 minutes at the time of discharge. The patient will remove the insert the following morning prior to her scheduled induction.
Patients will undergo a 20 minute pretreatment MRI scan and a 30 minute post treatment MRI scan with contrast agent administration. Ten patients with brain metastasis will be recruited in the study. All the patients will be undergoing SRS (Stereotactic Radiosurgery). Patients will have 1 pretreatment evaluation and 2 post treatment evaluations \[1-72 hours post treatment and 8 weeks (+/- 2 weeks) post treatment\] for early response. Patients are to be administered contrast prior to obtaining MRI scans. These research scans are estimated to take 20 minutes of scan time (+/- 10 minutes), which includes patient set up and conducting the research sequences..
Receiving 6-to-12 weekly sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy immediately after allocation. Each session will be up to one hour in length.
Patients rocked in a rocking chair in 10-20 minute increments for at least one hour per day beginning on the first day after surgery. Activity was increased each day and continued until passage of first postoperative flatus.
FIELD: medicine, dermatology, oncology. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes administration of prospidin with the preliminary enhancement of microcirculation to the lymphosystem site for treatment of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma idiopathic type. Then prospidin is administrated by lymphotropic route at the dose 50-150 mg each other day, 10-15 injections per a treatment course. Additionally the preparation of recombinant interferon "Viferon" is administrated by rectal route at the dose 500 000 IU, 2 times per a day for 30 days. Proposed method ensures to obtain the prolonged remission that exceeds by 6-7 times remission after treatment by the known procedures. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment, prolonged remission. 2 ex
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a product having a high anticoagulant activity by specifying the number of -OSO3 groups in a repeating disaccharide unit of an O-persulfated glycosaminoglycan formed by persulfating hydroxyl groups of a glycosaminoglycan. SOLUTION: Hydroxyl groups of a glycosaminoglycan selected from among dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid are sulfated. The number of -OSO3 groups in a repeating disaccharide unit of the O-persulfated glycosaminoglycan is set at 3.8 or higher, pref. 3.9 or higher. The O-persulfated glycosaminglycan may be in the form of a pharmacologically tolerable salt, can be produced by reacting a glycosaminoglycan salt with sulfur trichloride in an aprotic solvent at 30-50 deg.C in a molar ratio of free hydroxyl groups in chondroitin sulfate to sulfur trioxide of (1:8)-(1:12), and is esp. excellent in IIa factor inhibition activity.
PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a drug delivery device is provided to dissolve one or more drug delivery device components in a phase change ink. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing a drug delivery device is as follows. A substrate is provided. At least one drug delivery device components capable of being dissolved and dispersed in a phase change ink are provided. A first layer is formed on a substrate by discharging a first portion of the phase change ink. A second layer is formed on the first layer by discharging a second portion of the phase change ink. At least one drug delivery device components include active pharmaceutical ingredients, additives, or both of them.
INTRODUCTION: Revascularization of nonculprit arteries in patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is now recommended based on several trials. However, the optimal therapeutic strategy of nonculprit lesions remains unknown. Murray law-based Quantitative Flow Ratio (μQFR) is a novel, non-invasive, vasodilator-free method for evaluating the functional severity of coronary artery stenosis, which has potential applications for nonculprit lesion assessment in STEMI patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with STEMI who received staged PCI before hospital discharge were enrolled retrospectively. μQFR analyses of nonculprit vessels were performed based on both acute and staged angiography.
RESULTS: Eighty-four patients with 110 nonculprit arteries were included. The mean acute μQFR was 0.76 ± 0.18, and the mean staged μQFR was 0.75 ± 0.19. The average period between acute and staged evaluation was 8 days. There was a good correlation (r = 0.719, P < 0.001) between acute μQFR and staged μQFR. The classification agreement was 89.09%. The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for detecting staged μQFR ≤ 0.80 was 0.931.
CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to calculate the μQFR during the acute phase of STEMI patients. Acute μQFR and staged μQFR have a good correlation and agreement. The μQFR could be a valuable method for assessing functional significance of nonculprit arteries in STEMI patients.
Compositions and methods relating to nucleic acid nanostructures that can encapsulate cargo for, e.g., therapeutic, diagnostic, and analytical applications are disclosed. The nanostructure may have a plurality of interconnected subunits configured such that the nanostructure has a continuous torus-like structure comprising a closed three-dimensional cavity. Preferably, the nanostructure is the nucleic acid mazzocchio. The subunits are connected by a linker of a defined length to confine the nanostructure to a continuous torus-like shape. The closed three-dimensional cavity has a defined size to encapsulate any cargo of interest. Cargo may also be placed in the openings in the center of the nanostructure. The cargo may be a wide range of compounds including, for example, chemical drugs, small molecules, therapeutic agents, targeting agents, enzymes, dyes, and fluorescent molecules. Thus, the disclosed nanostructures are suitable for delivering one or more therapeutic, toxic, imaging, diagnostic or prophylactic agents.
Environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is ubiquitous, and this study explored whether exposure to VOCs is associated with the risk of kidney stones. We performed a nationally representative US cross-sectional study using data from five survey cycles (2011-2020) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) program. Exposure to VOCs was determined by urine creatinine-corrected metabolites of VOCs (mVOCs). In total 5505 participants and 15 urine mVOCs were included for analysis, and the prevalence of kidney stones was 9.57 % (527/5505). Multivariable logistic regression showed that urine AMCC (parent VOCs (pVOCs): N, N-Dimethylformamide), 3,4-MHA (pVOCs: xylene), MA (pVOCs: ethylbenzene; styrene), DHBMA (pVOCs: 1,3-butadiene), HMPMA (pVOCs: crotonaldehyde) and 2HPMA (pVOCs: propylene oxide) were significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney stones in US general population. Sub-analysis revealed that there was a more pronounced association in women and the overweight/obesity group (body mass index ≥ 25). Moreover, the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model consistently identified a positive association between co-exposure to VOCs and the risk of kidney stones, in which AMCC played the most important role among the 15 mVOCs. Mediation analysis further identified serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) as a mediator of the association between VOC co-exposure and kidney stones. Our study draws attention to the previously unknown positive associations between non-occupational VOC exposure and the risk of kidney stones in the general population. However, further studies are required to clarify the existence of such causation.
Recent information strongly suggests that abnormal blood glucose levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher incidence of congenital abnormalities. Most experts recommend that insulin be used during pregnancy to maintain blood glucose as close to normal as possible. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, glipizide and metformin hydrochloride tablets should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly needed (see below).

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women with glipizide and metformin hydrochloride tablets or its individual components. No animal studies have been conducted with the combined products in glipizide and metformin hydrochloride tablets. The following data are based on findings in studies performed with the individual products.
This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study in 80 patients with first-ever, unilateral, subcortical ischemic stroke 0.5-4 weeks after stroke onset with moderate to severe hemiparesis. Participants were randomized into four groups underwent either real dual tDCS \[ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) anodal stimulation and contralesional M1 cathodal stimulation; 2 mA for 20 mins; 10 sessions within 2 weeks\] with citalopram or placebo, or sham stimulation with citalopram or placebo. All will receive concurrent hospitalized intensive rehabilitation of 2 daily sessions of 90-minute physiotherapy. Action reach am test (ARAT), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), multimodality MRI and EEG will be measured at baseline and after 2 weeks' tDCS modulation. The primary outcome is the ARAT at 3 months after intervention. The combination of tDCS and a SSRI will be expected to improve response to motor training more effectively than either intervention alone. The enhanced responsiveness will be correlated or predicted by biomarkers from multimodality MRI or EEG.
(1) Protein compsn. (free from other proteins) showing a biological activity of Factor VIIIC and being a complex of an 80 kd and 77 kd protein calcium bridged with a 92.5 kd protein is new. (2) Human protein compsn. comprising 1 or 2 polypeptides of 67-80 kd and having an amino acid sequence of formula (I) in the N-terminal half of the polypeptide and having a biological activity of Factor VIIIC is new. (3) Human protein compsn. comprising a polypeptide of 92.5 kd and having an amino acid sequence of formula (II) in the N-terminal half of the polypeptide and having a biological activity of Factor VIIIC. (4) Monoclonal antibody prepd. with a protein compsn. as defined in paragraphs (1)-(3) is new. (5) Detection of a polynucleotide sequence encoding for at least part of Factor VIIIC comprises hybridising it, in single-stranded form, with a probe (III) and then isolating polynucleotide duplexing with the probe.
The family-based intervention will be tested in a 6 month randomized controlled trial of 24 depressed older men-family member dyads (18 intervention and 6 controls). The purpose of the RCT is to test the acceptability of the intervention, as well as the feasibility of the study methods. Patients from the RCT will be identified from a family practice clinic based on their scores on the PHQ-9 as well as additional inclusion and exclusion criteria. Once they and their family member have agreed to participate, patients will be randomized either to the family based intervention or a usual care control condition augmented by family psychoeducation. The investigators will recruit English and Spanish speaking age 60 and above older men from SJGH who have 1) significant depressive symptoms (i.e. PHQ \> 15, 2) have at least one criteria A symptom (depressed mood or anhedonia), 3) depression-related functional impairment) and 4) an adult family member willing to participate in the study. We have chosen a higher cut-off to minimize false positives. We will exclude psychotic, demented or institutionalized men. After enrollment, 24 dyads (i.e. older man and family member) will be randomized one of two groups: intervention or usual care augmented by written psychoeducational materials on depression. Dyads will be randomized to achieve a 2:1 ratio of intervention versus usual care dyads (i.e. 18 intervention and 6 control dyads). To ensure adequate numbers of ethnic minority patients in each arm of the trial, we will conduct a stratified randomization such that each arm of the RCT is 50% English language preferring and 50% Spanish language preferring (i.e. 3 in control and 9 in intervention arm). The research assistant will conduct subject assessment at baseline, 1-month, 3-months and 6 months.
Two sprays via atomizer (about 0.18 ml) of oxymetazoline 0.05% (Nasivion) in each nasal cavity five minutes prior to fiberoptic procedure. Two sprays will be given at the gap of ten seconds.
PURPOSE:To obtain a plaster having low skin-irritation, resistant to peeling and remaining on the surface of skin over a long period, exhibiting excellent drug-releasability and achieving high transcutaneous absorbability of drug by applying a tacky adhesive layer containing a specific compound on one surface of a substrate. CONSTITUTION:A surface of a flexible film or sheet (e.g. polyethylene film) is coated with a tacky adhesive containing (A) a compound having plasticizing action to the tacky adhesive base such as acrylic tacky adhesive, (B) silicic anhydride composed of hydrophilic silicic anhydride and hydrophobic silicic anhydride and having particle diameter of 5-100mum and (C) a drug other than nitroglycerin, e.g. an antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent and a vasodilator such as indomethacin. The compound having plasticizing action is isopropyl myristate, octyl dodecyl myristate, liquid paraffin, etc. The agent can be easily peeled off from the skin surface without applying mechanical stimulation to the skin.
INTRODUCTION: The mechanism of post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) hypoxemia involves ventilation/perfusion mismatch and loss of pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been studied as an adjunct treatment to avoid the use of high positive end-expiratory pressure and inspired oxygen in treatment-refractory hypoxia. We hypothesized that iNO treatment following TBI would improve systemic and cerebral oxygenation via improved matching of pulmonary perfusion and ventilation.
METHODS: Thirteen human patients with isolated TBI were enrolled and randomized to receive either placebo or iNO with measured outcomes including pulmonary parameters, blood gas data, and intracranial pressure (ICP) /perfusion. To complement this study, a porcine model of TBI (including 10 swine) was utilized with measured outcomes of brain tissue blood flow and oxygenation, ventilator parameters, and blood gas data both after administration and following drug removal and clearance.
RESULTS: There were no clinically significant changes in pulmonary parameters in either the human or porcine arm following administration of iNO when compared to either the placebo group (human arm) or the internal control (porcine arm). Analysis of pooled human data demonstrated the preservation of alveolar recruitment in TBI patients. There were no clinically significant changes in human ICP or cerebral perfusion pressure following iNO administration compared to controls.
CONCLUSIONS: iNO had no significant effect on clinically relevant pulmonary parameters or ICPs following TBI in both human patients and a porcine model. The pressure-based recruitment of the human lungs following TBI was preserved. Further investigation will be needed to determine the degree of utility of iNO in the setting of hypoxia after polytrauma.
The present invention relates to a neck plaster which belongs to the external medicine of traditional Chinese medicine for people living. The present invention is mainly used for treating cervical spondylosis, and is characterized in that the present invention has a formula of 4 to 6g of angelica, 4 to 6g of white atractylodes rhizome, 4 to 6g of radix isatidis, 1 to 2g of borneol, 3 to 5g of almond, 3 to 5g of gleditsia officinalis and 4 to 6g of raw aconite. The traditioal Chinese medicine is pulverized into powder for even stirring, and the powder is put into a gauge bag for packaging. When the present invention is used, spirit is wetted to be applied to affected parts. The present invention has the advantages of convenient use, safety, reliability, short treatment time and low expense. Besides, the curative effect of the present invention runs up to 90%.
BACKGROUND: Pathological scars (PS) are one of the most common complications in patients with trauma and burns, leading to functional impairments and aesthetic concerns. Mechanical tension at injury sites is a crucial factor in PS formation. However, the precise mechanisms remain unclear due to the lack of reliable animal models.
RESULTS: We developed a novel mouse model, the Retroflex Scar Model (RSM), which induces PS by applying controlled tension to wounds in vivo. RNA sequencing identified significant transcriptome changes in RSM-induced scars. Elevated expression of E-Selectin (Sele) was observed in endothelial cells from both the RSM model and human PS (Keloid) samples. In vitro studies demonstrated that cyclic mechanical stretching (CMS) increased Sele expression, promoting monocyte adhesion and the release of pro-inflammatory factors. Single-cell sequencing analysis from the GEO database, complemented by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation, confirmed the role of Sele-mediated monocyte adhesion in PS formation. Additionally, we developed Sele-targeted siRNA liposome nanoparticles (LNPs) to inhibit monocyte adhesion. Intradermal administration of these LNPs effectively reduced PS formation in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
CONCLUSIONS: This study successfully established a reliable mouse model for PS, highlighting the significant roles of mechanical tension and chronic inflammation in PS formation. We identified Sele as a key therapeutic target and developed Sele-targeted siRNA LNPs, which demonstrated potential as a preventive strategy for PS. These findings provide valuable insights into PS pathogenesis and open new avenues for developing effective treatments for pathological scars.
PURPOSE:To prevent the deterioration in activity of a tumor necrotic factor useful as a carcinostatic agent in the step of separating, purifying, freeze-drying the tumor nectotic factor, etc. and stabilize the factor, by adding a nonionic surfactant to the above-mentioned tumor necrotic factor. CONSTITUTION:A nonionic surfactant is added to stabilize a tumor necrotic factor (hereinafter abbreviated to TNF). The TNF is specific for species, and unreactive with normal cells. Therefore, the TNF is expected as a carcinostatic agent, but the activity thereof is remarkably deteriorated by storing or freezing or freeze-drying the solution of the TNF in high purity. Thus, it is found that the nonionic surfactant having preferably 9-20HLB value from the viewpoint of the dispersibility and solubility is added thereto to suppress the deterioration in activity thereof. A polyoxyethylene ester of a fatty acid, may be cited as the above-mentioned surfactant, and the concentration thereof to be added is 1mug- 1mg, preferably 5-100mug, based on one ml solution containing the TNF.