anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a subtype of ALCL that arises as a seroma or a mass in the capsule surrounding textured breast implants. However, collections of cases usually come from large groups of institutions or countries, with different approaches regarding surgery and treatment. Here we describe a cohort of 18 cases undergoing implant removal and capsulectomy followed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all the cases of women with breast implants undergoing implant removal and capsulectomy for BIA-ALCL at MSKCC from January 2011 to June 2020.
RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 57 (range 35-77) years following a median implant exposure of 11 (range 7-33) years. All known implants were macrotextured with the proprietary Biocell macrotexturing pattern from salt-loss technique. A total of 16 patients (89%) had implants placed for breast cancer reconstruction. Patients presented with clinically evident effusion in 78% of cases and a mass in 17% of cases, and 83% of patients presented with stage 1 BIA-ALCL. Patients were followed for a median of 43.4 months (SD 45 months) after diagnosis. There were no cases of recurrent ALCL. All patients remain disease free and no patients died of ALCL.
CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of patients with BIA-ALCL surgically treated and followed at a single institution, we confirm the importance of adequate surgery (bilateral implant removal and complete capsulectomy) in patients presenting with seroma-confined disease. This dataset reinforces high rates of progression-free and overall survival when diagnosis is identified and treatment performed in those with limited-stage disease.
BACKGROUND: The merits of classifying the heterogeneous group of essential tremors into essential tremor (ET) and essential tremor plus (ETP) are debated.
OBJECTIVES: We studied the electrophysiological and spiral characteristics of tremor in ET and ETP.
METHODS: We reviewed standardized videos from a tremor database and clinically classified patients into ET, ETP, or dystonic tremor (DT). The following variables were derived from combined tri-axial accelerometry-surface electromyography (EMG)-peak frequency, total power, peak power, full width half maximum, tremor stability index and EMG-coherence. We analyzed hand-drawn spirals to derive mean deviation, tremor variability, inter-, and intra-loop widths. We compared these variables among the groups.
RESULTS: We recruited 72 participants (81.9% male) with mean age 47.7 ± 16.1 years and Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale total score 31.1 ± 14.1. Patients with ET were younger (P = 0.014) and had less severe tremor (P = 0.020) compared to ETP and DT. In ETP group, 48.6% had subtle dystonia. Peak frequency was greater in ETP (7.3 ± 0.3 Hz) compared to DT (6.1 ± 0.4 Hz; P = 0.024). Peak power was greater in ETP and DT for postural tremor. Rest tremor was recordable on accelerometry in 26.7% of ET. Other variables were similar among the groups.
CONCLUSION: Electrophysiological evaluation revealed postural tremor of frequency 6 to 7 Hz in ET, ETP, and DT with subtle differences more severe tremor in ETP and DT, and higher frequency in ETP compared to DT. Our findings suggest a similar tremor oscillator in these conditions, supporting the view that these entities are part of a spectrum of tremor disorders, rather than distinct etiological entities.
Toremifene has been shown to prolong the QTc interval in a dose- and concentration-related manner [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. Prolongation of the QT interval can result in a type of ventricular tachycardia called Torsade de pointes, which may result in syncope, seizure, and/or death.

Toremifene should be avoided in patients with long QT syndrome. Caution should be exercised in patients with congestive heart failure, hepatic impairment and electrolyte abnormalities. Hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia must be corrected prior to initiating toremifene and these electrolytes should be monitored periodically during therapy. Drugs that prolong the QT interval should be avoided. In patients at increased risk, electrocardiograms (ECGs) should be obtained at baseline and as clinically indicated [see Drug Interactions (7.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].
This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial of early PT (within 3 months after surgery) versus delayed PT (greater than 3 months after surgery) in adults following ACDF surgery for degenerative conditions. The central hypothesis is that an early PT program will be effective in improving disability, pain, physical function, opioid use and return to work/duty. 76 participants will be enrolled and randomized (38 patients per randomized group), with 64 (85%) expected to be retained in the trial at the 12-month follow-up. Eligible patients undergoing ACDF surgery for a degenerative condition will be randomized to one of two groups (early PT or delayed PT). Patients will be enrolled prior to surgery, asked to complete a preoperative questionnaire prior to surgery and then randomized. Patients randomized to one of the PT groups will have their first PT visit scheduled for them by study staff prior to surgery. This visit will occur at approximately 2 weeks after hospital discharge for the early PT group and approximately 3 months after hospital discharge for the delayed PT group. All randomized patients will be asked to participate in follow-up visits approximately 3-, 6- and 12-months after hospital discharge.
The experimental group consumed an vitamin D3-enhanced egg (\~ 400 IU). The randomization unit was the take care SEDESOL centers. All children in 3 day-care centers were given one vitamin D3-enhanced egg at breakfast, 3 times a week for 12 weeks (Monday, Wednesday and Friday).
The invention discloses a method for drying an extract of Huangjing Zanyu capsules. The extract of the Huangjing Zanyu capsules comprises an A dense extract which is extracted by using water, a B dense extract which is obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and a C dense extract which is obtained by ethanol percolation. The method for drying the extract of the Huangjing Zanyu capsules comprises the following steps of: mixing the A dense extract with the B dense extract; placing the mixed dense extracts into a vacuum drying pot for carrying out vacuum drying at a temperature of 60-80 DEG C for 6-8 hours with a vapor pressure kept within a range of 0.1-0.2 Mpa; and individually carrying out the vacuum drying on the C dense extract at the temperature of 60-80 DEG C for 4-6 hours with the vapor pressure kept within the range of 0.1-0.2 Mpa. The method for drying the extract of the Huangjing Zanyu capsules, using the technical scheme, has the longest drying time of 8 hours, so that oxidized ingredients are reduced and the generation of carbides is reduced due to reducing the drying time. Only 0.5% of the carbides are generated. According to the method provided by the invention, the drying time is reduced, the energy is saved, namely if a batch of the capsules are produced, 3 tons of the vapor can be saved, and the production cost is decreased.
BACKGROUND: The practical application of 'virtual' (computed) fractional flow reserve (vFFR) based on invasive coronary angiogram (ICA) images is unknown. The objective of this cohort study was to investigate the potential of vFFR to guide the management of unselected patients undergoing ICA. The hypothesis was that it changes management in >10% of cases.
METHODS: vFFR was computed using the Sheffield VIRTUheart system, at five hospitals in the North of England, on 'all-comers' undergoing ICA for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The cardiologists' management plan (optimal medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass surgery or 'more information required') and confidence level were recorded after ICA, and again after vFFR disclosure.
RESULTS: 517 patients were screened; 320 were recruited: 208 with ACS and 112 with CCS. The median vFFR was 0.82 (0.70-0.91). vFFR disclosure did not change the mean number of significantly stenosed vessels per patient (1.16 (±0.96) visually and 1.18 (±0.92) with vFFR (p=0.79)). A change in intended management following vFFR disclosure occurred in 22% of all patients; in the ACS cohort, there was a 62% increase in the number planned for medical management, and in the CCS cohort, there was a 31% increase in the number planned for PCI. In all patients, vFFR disclosure increased physician confidence from 8 of 10 (7.33-9) to 9 of 10 (8-10) (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The addition of vFFR to ICA changed intended management strategy in 22% of patients, provided a detailed and specific 'all-in-one' anatomical and physiological assessment of coronary artery disease, and was accompanied by augmentation of the operator's confidence in the treatment strategy.
Patients receive copanlisib IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: Despite initial dramatic responses, metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) invariably recurs. Irinotecan is one of the active agents for patients with recurrent SCLC. In the second line, weekly or three-weekly irinotecan regimens have been adopted, however, the optimal dose and schedule is not defined. In our institution, we use a bi-weekly regimen of irinotecan. In this study, we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the bi-weekly irinotecan in the second- or third-line treatment of SCLC patients.
METHODS: The study population consisted of advanced stage SCLC patients who were followed at Hacettepe University Cancer Institute between January 2007 and March 2021 and received salvage irinotecan 180 mg/m2 every two weeks, following progression after platinum-etoposide treatment.
RESULTS: One hundred patients were included. At diagnosis, nineteen patients (19%) had limited stage and 81 patients (81%) had extensive stage SCLC. Objective response rates (ORR) were 44.6% and 46.2% for patients who received irinotecan treatment in second line, and in third line, respectively. Seventeen percent of all the patients had grade 3 and above adverse events during irinotecan treatment. In our study, 45.8% of patients were able to complete at least 6 cycles of irinotecan treatment and 69.8% were able to receive at least 3 cycles of irinotecan treatment without any dose interruption or reduction.
CONCLUSIONS: Irinotecan 180 mg/m2 every two weeks appears to be safe and effective in the 2nd- and 3rd-line treatment of advanced stage SCLC. Bi-weekly administration allows G-CSF prophylaxis in between doses, leading to an uninterrupted administration.
PURPOSE: To describe a patient with venous overload choroidopathy in whom venous bulbosities masqueraded as polyps and intervortex venous anastomosis mimicked a branching vascular network, giving the appearance of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.
METHODS: The patient had complete ophthalmic examination including indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. Venous bulbosities were defined on indocyanine green angiography as focal dilations in which the diameter of the dilation is two times that of the host vessel.
RESULTS: A 75-year-old woman presented with combined subretinal and subretinal pigment epithelium hemorrhages in the right eye. During indocyanine green angiography, focal nodular hyperfluorescent lesions connected to a network of vessels were observed, which looked like polyps and branching vascular network in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. In both eyes, the midphase angiogram had multifocal choroidal vascular hyperpermeability. There was late-phase placoid staining nasal to the nerve in the right eye. During enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography evaluation, there were no retinal pigment epithelium elevations that would be expected with polyps or branching vascular network in the right eye. A double-layer sign was seen corresponding to the placoid area of staining. Diagnosis of venous overload choroidopathy and choroidal neovascularization membrane was made. She was treated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections for the choroidal neovascularization membrane.
CONCLUSION: Indocyanine green angiography findings in venous overload choroidopathy may mimic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, but differentiation is essential because it has implications for treatment. Similar findings may have been misinterpreted in the past and may have previously contributed to conflicting clinical and histopathologic descriptions of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host's dysfunctional response to infection. Abnormal activation of the immune system and disturbance of energy metabolism play a key role in the development of sepsis. In recent years, the Sirtuins (SIRTs) family has been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. SIRTs, as a class of histone deacetylases (HDACs), are widely involved in cellular inflammation regulation, energy metabolism and oxidative stress. The effects of SIRTs on immune cells are mainly reflected in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. This regulation helps balance the inflammatory response and may lessen cell damage and organ dysfunction in sepsis. In terms of energy metabolism, SIRTs can play a role in immunophenotypic transformation by regulating cell metabolism, improve mitochondrial function, increase energy production, and maintain cell energy balance. SIRTs also regulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting cells from oxidative stress damage by activating antioxidant defense pathways and maintaining a balance between oxidants and reducing agents. Current studies have shown that several potential drugs, such as Resveratrol and melatonin, can enhance the activity of SIRT. It can help to reduce inflammatory response, improve energy metabolism and reduce oxidative stress, showing potential clinical application prospects for the treatment of sepsis. This review focuses on the regulation of SIRT on inflammatory response, energy metabolism and oxidative stress of immune cells, as well as its important influence on multiple organ dysfunction in sepsis, and discusses and summarizes the effects of related drugs and compounds on reducing multiple organ damage in sepsis through the pathway involving SIRTs. SIRTs may become a new target for the treatment of sepsis and its resulting organ dysfunction, providing new ideas and possibilities for the treatment of this life-threatening disease.
Patients will receive 75mg cetuximab + 15 mg Cetuximab-IRDye800CW I.V. four days prior to surgery.
Patients receive induction therapy comprising rituximab and bendamustine hydrochloride as patients in arm A. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then proceed to arm G.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes human disease ranging from subclinical to a fatal haemorrhagic syndrome. Determinants of CCHF pathogenesis are largely unknown and animal models that recapitulate human disease are limited. A recently described mouse model uses a monoclonal antibody (mAb 5A3) targeting the interferon (IFN) alpha/beta receptor to suppress type I IFN responses, making animals transiently susceptible to infection. To advance utility of this model, we investigated effects of challenge route, timing of 5A3 delivery, mouse sex and age, and virus strain on clinical course and outcome. C57BL/6J mice received mAb 5A3 -1, 0, or -1/+1 days post-infection (dpi). Subsets were challenged with CCHFV strain Turkey04 or IbAr10200 subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, and serially euthanized 3- and 7-dpi, when meeting euthanasia criteria or at study completion (14 dpi). CCHFV-IbAr10200-infected mice almost uniformly succumbed to infection, whereas CCHFV-Turkey04-infected mice transiently lost weight but survived. These results were consistent regardless of mAb timing or route of challenge. Viral replication and dissemination were comparable between the two strains at 3 dpi. However, in the plasma and livers of non-survivors, expression of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines that correspond with macrophage activation and recruitment were significantly elevated. Lethal disease was also associated with elevated levels of macrophage activation marker CD163 in plasma. Further, mouse macrophages were more permissive to IbAr1200 infection in vitro, suggesting tropism for these cells may influence pathogenesis. Our data suggest that early inflammation may be a critical determinant of CCHF outcome and therapeutics to control inflammation may be worthwhile targets for future investigation.
Aging is associated with a decline in the functionality of various cell types, including dermal fibroblasts, which play a crucial role in maintaining skin homeostasis and wound healing. Chronic inflammation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are hallmark features of aging, contributing to impaired wound healing. MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) has been implicated as a critical regulator of inflammation and oxidative stress in different cell types, yet its role in aged dermal fibroblasts and its potential relevance to wound healing remains poorly understood. We hypothesize that miR-146a is differentially expressed in aged dermal fibroblasts and that overexpression of miR-146a will decrease aging-induced inflammatory responses and ROS production. Primary dermal fibroblasts were isolated from the skin of 17-week-old (young) and 88-week-old (aged) mice. Overexpression of miR-146a was achieved through miR-146a mimic transfection. ROS were detected using a reliable fluorogenic marker, 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Real-time PCR was used to quantify relative gene expression. Our investigation revealed a significant reduction in miR-146a expression in aged dermal fibroblasts compared to their younger counterparts. Moreover, aged dermal fibroblasts exhibited heightened levels of inflammatory responses and increased ROS production. Importantly, the overexpression of miR-146a through miR-146a mimic transfection led to a substantial reduction in inflammatory responses through modulation of the NF-kB pathway in aged dermal fibroblasts. Additionally, the overexpression of miR-146a led to a substantial decrease in ROS production, achieved through the downregulation of NOX4 expression in aged dermal fibroblasts. These findings underscore the pivotal role of miR-146a in mitigating both inflammatory responses and ROS production in aged dermal fibroblasts, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for addressing age-related skin wound healing.
OBJECTIVE: Vomiting is a common and distressing acute side effect of chemotherapy, negatively impacting quality of life, nutritional status, and the ability of patients to tolerate further treatment. Standardized guidelines have been developed to improve control of nausea and vomiting. We aimed to determine the benefit of adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on complete control of acute chemotherapy-induced vomiting in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with cancer.
METHODS: An electronic dashboard of pediatric patients newly diagnosed with cancer at Phoenix Children's Hospital between August 2019 and January 2021 and receiving their first cycle of chemotherapy was utilized to monitor chemotherapy regimen, antiemetic medications, and vomiting episodes. Blocks were classified as guideline-inconsistent, guideline-consistent, or guideline-consistent PLUS if additional prophylactic antiemetic medications were utilized. We identified patients with complete control of vomiting, defined as no vomiting and no additional antiemetics needed.
RESULTS: Among 136 patients, 29% received guideline-inconsistent care, 37% received guideline-consistent care, and 34% received guideline-consistent PLUS care. Overall, 48% of patients achieved complete control of vomiting. Older patients (p < 0.0001) and those receiving higher emetogenicity chemotherapy (p = 0.0003) were more likely to receive guideline-consistent or guideline-consistent PLUS therapy. With guideline-consistent and -consistent PLUS grouped together, the diagnosis was also associated with improved adherence to CPGs (p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that patients more likely to receive guideline-consistent prophylaxis were of older age (OR 1.11, p = 0.016) and solid tumor patients (OR 5.59, p = 0.028).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite high rates of CPG adherence, complete control of vomiting remains suboptimal, which highlights the need for novel and/or risk-adapted therapies.
Human Experience– Of 1,027 cases of overdose involving sertraline hydrochloride worldwide, alone or with other drugs, there were 72 deaths (circa 1999). 

Among 634 overdoses in which sertraline hydrochloride was the only drug ingested, 8 resulted in fatal outcome, 75 completely recovered, and 27 patients experienced sequelae after overdosage to include alopecia, decreased libido, diarrhea, ejaculation disorder, fatigue, insomnia, somnolence and serotonin syndrome. The remaining 524 cases had an unknown outcome. The most common signs and symptoms associated with non-fatal sertraline hydrochloride overdosage were somnolence, vomiting, tachycardia, nausea, dizziness, agitation and tremor.

The largest known ingestion was 13.5 grams in a patient who took sertraline hydrochloride alone and subsequently recovered. However, another patient who took 2.5 grams of sertraline hydrochloride alone experienced a fatal outcome.

Other important adverse events reported with sertraline hydrochloride overdose (single or multiple drugs) include bradycardia, bundle branch block, coma, convulsions, delirium, hallucinations, hypertension, hypotension, manic reaction, pancreatitis, QT-interval prolongation, serotonin syndrome, stupor and syncope.

Overdose Management–Treatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any antidepressant. 

Ensure an adequate airway, oxygenation and ventilation. Monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. General supportive and symptomatic measures are also recommended. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large-bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion, or in symptomatic patients.

Activated charcoal should be administered. Due to large volume of distribution of this drug, forced diuresis, dialysis, hemoperfusion and exchange transfusion are unlikely to be of benefit. No specific antidotes for sertraline are known.

In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug involvement. The physician should consider contacting a poison control center on the treatment of any overdose. Telephone numbers for certified poison control centers are listed in the Physicians' Desk Reference® (PDR®).
At baseline, three lesions were randomized to untreated control site. Topical anesthetic cream was applied to the scar 30 minutes before laser treatment. The evaluation of scar site was conducted 3 months later after last treatment.