anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The dentate nuclei of the cerebellum are key sites of neuropathology in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). Reduced dentate nucleus volume and increased mean magnetic susceptibility, a proxy of iron concentration, have been reported by magnetic resonance imaging studies in people with FRDA. Here, we investigate whether these changes are regionally heterogeneous.
METHODS: Quantitative susceptibility mapping data were acquired from 49 people with FRDA and 46 healthy controls. The dentate nuclei were manually segmented and analyzed using three dimensional vertex-based shape modeling and voxel-based assessments to identify regional changes in morphometry and susceptibility, respectively.
RESULTS: Individuals with FRDA, relative to healthy controls, showed significant bilateral surface contraction most strongly at the rostral and caudal boundaries of the dentate nuclei. The magnitude of this surface contraction correlated with disease duration, and to a lesser extent, ataxia severity. Significantly greater susceptibility was also evident in the FRDA cohort relative to controls, but was instead localized to bilateral dorsomedial areas, and also correlated with disease duration and ataxia severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the structure of the dentate nuclei in FRDA are not spatially uniform. Atrophy is greatest in areas with high gray matter density, whereas increases in susceptibility-reflecting iron concentration, demyelination, and/or gliosis-predominate in the medial white matter. These findings converge with established histological reports and indicate that regional measures of dentate nucleus substructure are more sensitive measures of disease expression than full-structure averages. Biomarker development and therapeutic strategies that directly target the dentate nuclei, such as gene therapies, may be optimized by targeting these areas of maximal pathology. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Patients receive an individualized diet plan for 6 months. Patients complete an individualized home-based exercise program aerobic and resistance exercise over 10-30 minutes per day, at minimum 3 days per week for 6 months, and a progressive resistance exercise program including an individually tailored prescription targeting the chest, shoulders, arms, and leg musculature for 1-4 sets of 10-15 repetitions, 5 days per week over 6 months. Patients also attend monthly educational meetings for 6 months.
A method, system, and computer program product are provided for generating a predictive model. A processor(s) obtains a raw data set (peptide libraries) of patients designated as diagnosed/pre-diagnosed with a condition or not diagnosed with the condition. The processor(s) segments the raw data set into a pre-defined number of groups and separates out a holdout group. The processor(s) performs a principal component analysis on the remaining groups to identify, based on a frequency of features in the remaining groups, common features (principal components) in the remaining groups and weighs the common features based on frequency of occurrence. The processor(s) determines a smallest number of the principal components that yields a pre-defined level of validation accuracy. The processor(s) generates a predictive model, by utilizing the smallest number for a best fit in a logistic regression model. The predictive model provides binary outcomes.
Fluoxetine inhibits the activity of CYP2D6, and may make individuals with normal CYP2D6 metabolic activity resemble a poor metabolizer. Coadministration of fluoxetine with other drugs that are metabolized by CYP2D6, including certain antidepressants (e.g., TCAs), antipsychotics (e.g., phenothiazines and most atypicals) and antiarrhythmics (e.g., propafenone, flecainide and others) should be approached with caution. Therapy with medications that are predominantly metabolized by the CYP2D6 system and that have a relatively narrow therapeutic index (see list below) should be initiated at the low end of the dose range if a patient is receiving fluoxetine concurrently or has taken it in the previous 5 weeks. Thus, his/her dosing requirements resemble those of poor metabolizers. If fluoxetine is added to the treatment regimen of a patient already receiving a drug metabolized by CYP2D6, the need for decreased dose of the original medication should be considered. Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index represent the greatest concern (e.g., flecainide, propafenone, vinblastine and TCAs). Due to the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death potentially associated with elevated plasma levels of thioridazine, thioridazine should not be administered with fluoxetine or within a minimum of 5 weeks after fluoxetine has been discontinued [see Contraindications (4)].
Infants assigned to usual FCC will have NICU nurses as primary caregivers per standard NICU protocol. FCC provides parents with orientation to the NICU; individualized teaching and support; and encouragement to participate in infant care under nursing supervision. Individualized support from social workers, lactation consultants and other specialists will be offered. As part of the study, parents will be asked to use the We3Health mobile app track their time in the NICU, time learning and time spent in infant caregiving activities and to keep of a journal of their NICU experience.
Acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water (AEOW) was applied to suppress disease development and maintain good quality of fresh fruit. However, the involvement of AEOW in improving disease resistance of fresh longan remains unknown. Here, transcriptomic and metabolic analyses were performed to compare non-treated and AEOW-treated longan during storage. The transcriptome analysis showed AEOW-induced genes associated with phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. The metabolome analysis found the contents of coumarin, phenolic acid, and tannin maintained higher levels in AEOW-treated longan than non-treated longan. Moreover, the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify hub genes, and a gene-metabolite correlation network associated with AEOW-improved disease resistance in longan was constructed by the co-analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics. These findings identified a series of important genes and metabolites involving in AEOW-induced disease resistance of longan fruit, expanding our knowledges on fruit disease resistance and quality maintenance at the transcript and metabolic levels.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic capable of enhancing the humectant properties in the skin or the hair of the head without applying unfavorable irritation to the skin or the hair of the head. SOLUTION: This cosmetic is characterized in that a mineral water containing a mineral ingredient eluted from charcoal is formulated. The mineral water is a wash liquid of the charcoal and/or a boiled liquid of the charcoal containing at least Ca, K and Mg and comprises 1.5-3.5 of Ca and 8.0-12.0 of K when Mg is 1. The charcoal used is preferably either of white charcoal and black charcoal. Quercus phillyraeoides, Fagus crenata Blume, Quercus aliena, Oryza sative L., Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc., Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, Quercus acutissima, Quercus serrata Thunb., etc., are used as the material wood.
The invention discloses a drug composite to promote the stability of strontium ranelate in the preparation. The invention is characterized in that after the effective dosage of the strontium ranelate for treatment is mixed with medicinal excipients, various dosage forms are produced by adding stabilizer. The dosage of the stabilizer refers to the dosage scope of excipients proscribed in the pharmacopoeia. The experiments and studies determine that the weight percentage of the stabilizer in the drug composite is 0.01-5 percent, which is preferred as 0.01-2 percent. The invention with a simple and unique way solves the color change problem of appearance of strontium ranelate or the problem of material increasing resulting from the excipients like citric acid, aspartame and saccharin sodium contained in the preparation; under the condition of not changing the structure of the strontium ranelate, a certain dosage of stabilizer is added into the excipients to achieve the purpose of the stability of the strontium ranelate. The method simplifies the process and saves the cost, and is more suitable for large-scale industrial production.
BACKGROUND: Over the past decades, the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) has undergone significant changes. Analysing long-term mortality trends by sex and ethnicity can inform more targeted public health interventions.
METHODS: Using data from death certificates, we calculated age-standardised mortality rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), asthma and pneumoconiosis among the US population from 1979 to 2021, stratified by sex and ethnicity. Trend analyses of mortality rates were conducted using joinpoint regression models.
RESULTS: Mortality trends varied significantly by demographic groups and disease types. Specifically, COPD mortality exhibited an overall increasing trend among females and white individuals throughout the study period while remaining stable among males and black individuals. ILD mortality showed an overall increasing trends for both males and females as well as individuals of white ethnicity. Asthma mortality showed an increase before 1996 followed by a consistent decline across all populations from about 1996 to 2021. In contrast, pneumoconiosis mortality has risen among white individuals since 2001 with a notable increase among females after 2009.
CONCLUSION: Our analysis reveals fluctuating trends in CRD mortality rates from 1979 to 2021 with varying patterns across sex, ethnicity and disease types. These findings underscore the need for ongoing research and tailored interventions to address these disparities.
The described system stores health-related programs to assist users in meeting their health needs. Users browse the programs to select one to join. Users can browse programs or search for on certain criteria. Health related programs include plans and challenges which can take the form of a health related goal or a routine. A plan is designed for use by a user individually and does not require others to participate. A challenge provides a team environment in which multiple individuals participate jointly. Both plans and challenges can be created by individuals or by corporate entities.
Multiple-baseline-across-word-sets designs were used to determine whether a computer-based intervention would enhance accurate word signing with four participants. Each participant was a hearing college student with reading disorders. Learning trials included 3 s to observe printed words on the screen and a video model performing the sign twice (i.e., simultaneous prompting), 3 s to make the sign, 3 s to observe the same clip, and 3 s to make the sign again. For each participant and word set, no words were accurately signed during baseline. After the intervention, all four participants increased their accurate word signing across all three word sets, providing 12 demonstrations of experimental control. For each participant, accurate word signing was maintained. Application of efficient, technology-based, simultaneous prompting interventions for enhancing American Sign Language learning and future research designed to investigate causal mechanisms and optimize intervention effects are discussed.
Study participants in cohort B undergo stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, targeted only to PSMA PET-CT-positive areas judged to be suspicious of prostate cancer metastasis by nuclear medicine physician. Dose fractionations in the experimental arm vary from 24/8 Gy to 30/10 Gy in PSMA PET-CT positive lymph nodes in pelvic or para-aortic areas. PSMA PET-CT positive areas in the prostatic bed receive a dose of 35/7 Gy.
The possibility of impaired cognitive function during deep space flight missions or while living on a Martian colony is a critical point of concern and pleads for further research. In addition, a fundamental gap exists both in our understanding and application of countermeasures for the consequences of long duration space travel and/or living in an extreme environment such as on the Moon or Mars. Previous studies, while heavily analyzing pre- and post-flight conditions, mostly fail to appreciate the cognitive stressors associated with space radiation, microgravity, confinement, hostile or closed environments, and the long distances from earth. A specific understanding of factors that affect cognition as well as structural and/or physiological changes in the brains of those on a space mission in addition to new countermeasures should result in improved health of our astronauts and reduce risks. At the core of cognitive changes are mechanisms we typically associate with aging, such as inflammatory responses, changes in brain metabolism, depression, and memory impairments. In fact, space flight appears to accelerate aging. In this review, we will discuss the importance of monitoring inflammatory and immune system mediators such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and mitochondrial changes related to brain metabolism. We conclude with our recommended countermeasures that include pharmacological, metabolic, and nutritional considerations for the risks on cognition during space missions.
[Problem] Provided are: a compound having excellent antimicrobial activity, and a compound having action for enhancing the antimicrobial activity of another antimicrobial agent.[Solution] Disclosed is a saccharide derivative represented by Chemical Formula (1) or (2), or a salt thereof. This compound includes units of a monosaccharide linked to each other in a chainlike or cyclic manner through glycosidic bonding and has antimicrobial action. In the formulae, Rrepresents an amino-containing structure; and n represents an integer of 3 or more. Also disclosed is a saccharide derivative represented by Chemical Formula (5) or (6), or a salt thereof. This compound includes units of a monosaccharide linked to each other in a chainlike or cyclic manner through glycosidic bonding and has antimicrobial activity enhancing action. In the formulae, Rrepresents an amino-containing structure; Ris selected from acetyl and propanoyl; and n represents an integer of 3 or more.
With the availability of Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), juvenile osteoporosis has been recognized and diagnosed in recent years. The disease results from either diminished bone formation or increased bone removal (resorption) resulting in low bone density and fractures. No specific drug therapy has been recommended for juvenile osteoporosis. In an open label study, we earlier have shown that alendronate treatment (10 patients) for 12 months increased bone density without side effects. Subsequently, in a double blind, crossover study, we have further confirmed that alendronate treatment (11 patients) increased bone density significantly whereas, placebo (11 patients with calcium and vitamin D), increased the bone density only minimally. There were no side effects. These patients were treated with alendronate only for 12 months and the clinical trials have been completed. We therefore, have designed a post study to evaluate the current status of the bone density and fracture history in the above participants after the discontinuation (1-6 years) of alendronate treatment. Available participants, who have completed the earlier study, will be scheduled for a one time clinic visit. Measurements include DXA bone density measurement of spine and hip, urinalysis and blood work. No treatment is involved.
After reading the materials about their chosen behavior, participants will be asked to make a detailed plan for the following two weeks based on the following items taken from a study by Sniehotta and colleagues (2004): 1) when to complete studying/exercise, 2) where to complete studying/exercise, 3) how to complete studying/exercise (e.g., what types of exercise- cardio, class, etc. or what types of studying activities- reading, taking notes, creating outlines, etc.), and 4) how often to complete studying/exercise. Participants will be given a calendar as an aid to planning their behavior.
Patients were administered a single sub-anaesthetic i.v. bolus of ketamine (0.2 mg/kg over 1-2 min) in the ED, with continuous monitoring of vital signs, adverse events and psychotomimetic side-effects for 4 h post-administration.
Colonoscopy is started with the unassisted colonoscope. Stiffening wire #1 is introduced on entry of the tip of the colonoscope into the transverse colon.
In patients randomized into control group, the transcranial Doppler probe will be fixed in a required position using a special helmet as in sonolysis group patients, but middle cerebral artery segment in a depth of 55 mm will be only localized using a diagnostic 2-MHz transcranial Doppler probe with a maximal diagnostic energy and the transcranial Doppler monitoring will be stopped afterwards. Patients in the control group will undergo a sham procedure in which further sonolysis (transcranial Doppler monitoring) will not be conducted.
This multi-center trial will follow a cohort of Veterans with dysphagia for 8 weeks as they undergo clinically guided oropharyngeal exercises with oropharyngeal strengthening as the primary goal. Veterans with dysphagia will be assessed at three time points: baseline, 6-4 weeks post-treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment. A non-dysphagic Veteran control group (n=50) will also undergo data collection at parallel time points, without completion of a treatment paradigm. The investigators will then compare patients to nondysphagic controls using pHRM, videofluoroscopy, diet assessment, functional reserve tests, and patient reported outcome measures. The investigators aim to 1) quantify change in pHRM measures of swallowing function resulting from dysphagia treatment; 2) determine which combination of standard of care and/or pHRM-based metrics best track with patient-reported outcome measures; and 3) develop multimodal prognostic algorithms that predict treatment success. This research will establish a precise outcome measurement paradigm suitable for dysphagia clinical care and research, thus improving clinical confidence and paving the way for a personalized medicine approach for dysphagia rehabilitation in Veterans.
Citrus canker disease, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, poses a significant threat to global citrus production. The control of the disease in the field relies mainly on the use of conventional tools such as copper compounds, which are harmful to the environment and could lead to bacterial resistance. This scenario stresses the need for new and sustainable technologies to control phytopathogens, representing a key challenge in developing studies that translate basic into applied knowledge. During infection, X. citri subsp. citri secretes a transcriptional activator-like effector that enters the nucleus of plant cells, activating the expression of the canker susceptibility gene LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES 1 (LOB1). In this study, we explored the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with phosphorothioate modifications to transiently inhibit the gene expression of CsLOB1 in Citrus sinensis. We designed and validated three potential ASO sequences, which led to a significant reduction in disease symptoms compared with the control. The selected ASO3-CsLOB1 significantly decreased the expression level of CsLOB1 when delivered through two distinct delivery methods, and the reduction of the symptoms ranged from approximately 15 to 83%. Notably, plants treated with ASO3 did not exhibit an increase in symptom development over the evaluation period. This study highlights the efficacy of ASO technology, based on short oligonucleotide chemically modified sequences, as a promising tool for controlling phytopathogens without the need for genetic transformation or plant regeneration. Our results demonstrate the potential of ASOs as a biotechnological tool for the management of citrus canker disease.
Weakly acidic organic cpds (I) whose solubility in water is greater at a first pH than at a second pH are encapsulated by dissolving the cpd. in aq. base at the first pH, which is at least 2 pH units above the pKa of the cpd.. The aq. base also contains an encapsulating material and an electrolyte in an insufficient amt. to cause coacervation of the encapsulating material without interacting with it. Whilst stirring, the pH is reduced to the second pH which causes pptn. of the organic cpd. (I) forming a coacervate with the encapsulating material which is then gelled. The base may also contain a surfactant.
Active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations of hepatic transaminase levels.

Hypersensitivity to any component of ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)].

Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant. Ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides increase during normal pregnancy, and cholesterol or cholesterol derivatives are essential for fetal development. Atherosclerosis is a chronic process and discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets use during pregnancy; however in rare reports, congenital anomalies were observed following intrauterine exposure to statins. In rat and rabbit animal reproduction studies, atorvastatin revealed no evidence of teratogenicity. Ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive and have been informed of the potential hazards. If the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets should be discontinued immediately, and the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

Nursing mothers. It is not known whether atorvastatin is excreted into human milk; however, a small amount of another drug in this class does pass into breast milk. Because statins have the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require ezetimibe and atorvastatin tablets treatment should not breastfeed their infants [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)].
Patients receive 2 additional courses of VIDE induction chemotherapy (courses 5 and 6). Patients requiring radiotherapy to the axial tumor also undergo concurrent radiotherapy 5 days a week. Some patients may then undergo surgical resection of the tumor. All patients will then receive vincristine IV on day 1 and dactinomycin IV and ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on days 1 and 2 (VAI). Treatment repeats every 21 days for 8 courses (courses 7-14). Patients requiring radiotherapy to the brain and/or spinal cord also undergo concurrent radiotherapy.