anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Adults and Adolescents ≥ 12 Years Old

The safety and efficacy of Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP were evaluated in a 4-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in 362 adult and adolescent patients 12 years of age and older, with mild-to-moderate asthma (mean baseline FEV 1 60% of predicted). Approximately half of the patients were also receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Patients were randomized to receive Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP 0.63 mg, Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP 1.25 mg, racemic albuterol sulfate 1.25 mg, racemic albuterol sulfate 2.5 mg, or placebo three times a day administered via a PARI LC Plus™ nebulizer and a Dura-Neb ® portable compressor. Racemic albuterol delivered by a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) metered-dose inhaler (MDI) was used on an as-needed basis as the rescue medication. 

Efficacy, as measured by the mean percent change from baseline FEV 1, was demonstrated for all active treatment regimens compared with placebo on day 1 and day 29. On both day 1 (see Figure 1) and day 29 (see Figure 2), 1.25 mg of Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP demonstrated the largest mean percent change from baseline FEV 1 compared with the other active treatments. A dose of 0.63 mg of Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP and 2.5 mg of racemic albuterol sulfate produced a clinically comparable mean percent change from baseline FEV 1 on both day 1 and day 29. 

The mean time to onset of a 15% increase in FEV 1 over baseline for levalbuterol at doses of 0.63 mg and 1.25 mg was approximately 17 minutes and 10 minutes, respectively, and the mean time to peak effect for both doses was approximately 1.5 hours after 4 weeks of treatment. The mean duration of effect, as measured by a > 15% increase from baseline FEV 1, was approximately 5 hours after administration of 0.63 mg of levalbuterol and approximately 6 hours after administration of 1.25 mg of levalbuterol after 4 weeks of treatment. In some patients, the duration of effect was as long as 8 hours. 

Children 6-11 Years Old

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-and active-controlled study was conducted in children with mild-to-moderate asthma (mean baseline FEV 1 73% of predicted) (n = 316). Following a 1-week placebo run-in, subjects were randomized to Levalbuterol Inhalation Solution, USP (0.31 mg or 0.63 mg), racemic albuterol (1.25 mg or 2.5 mg), or placebo, which were delivered three times a day for 3 weeks using a PARI LC Plus™ nebulizer and a Dura-Neb ® 3000 compressor. 

Efficacy, as measured by mean peak percent change from baseline FEV 1, was demonstrated for all active treatment regimens compared with placebo on day 1 and day 21. Time profile FEV 1 curves for day 1 and day 21 are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, respectively. The onset of effect (time to a 15% increase in FEV 1 over test-day baseline) and duration of effect (maintenance of a > 15% increase in FEV 1 over test-day baseline) of levalbuterol were clinically comparable to those of racemic albuterol.
JCXH-211 will be delivered by intratumoral injection. The dose to be used will be determined after review of the data from Phase Ia.
This was a longitudinal cohort study designed to evaluate and measure the implementation processes of a breastfeeding counseling and support intervention offered to pregnant and postpartum women in private health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. This study was conducted as part of the Alive \& Thrive Nigeria program, implemented by FHI 360 and partners. RTI led the design, implementation, and analysis for the study, with Datametrics Associates Ltd. serving as the data collection partner in Nigeria. The study took place in 20 private health facilities. Ten facilities were assigned to intervention and 10 to comparison based on their location within the existing intervention and comparison local government areas (LGAs) for our overall impact evaluation of the Alive \& Thrive program in Nigeria (NCT02975063). To be included in the study, facilities had to provide maternity and pediatric services, such as antenatal care, postnatal care, and immunizations, and be registered with the Association of General and Private Medical Practitioners of Nigeria and the Health Facility Monitoring and Accreditation Agency. To ensure that the investigators would achieve their sample size, selected facilities with a monthly average of ≥40 antenatal clients and ≥20 deliveries over 3 months. All eligible women attending antenatal care on the days of data collection were invited to participate until the target enrollment at each facility was achieved. The investigators collected survey data from a cohort of 1,200 women (600 per study arm) during the third trimester of pregnancy and when their child was 6 weeks and 24 weeks. The purpose of the surveys were to obtain data on the women's breastfeeding intentions (third trimester) and practices (6 weeks and 24 weeks), their breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes, and their exposure to the intervention. To measure implementation outcomes, the investigators conducted 180 observations of client-provider interactions among a subset of women enrolled in the study and then completed a short exit interview with the women immediately after their facility visit. In addition, the investigators conducted qualitative interviews with 20 health providers and facility managers/owners in the intervention facilities at the end of the intervention to learn about the facilitators and barriers to implementation.
For the control group (G3 group) the Kinesio Taping® bandage will be placed from the lateral extremity to the medial axis. Bandages in the G3 group will be applied laterally to produce a similar visual effect, which control for the placebo effect, but without tension so that a muscle stimulus will be not generated. With a dynamometer Jamar® pressure the grip strength will be messure in four stages: immediately before placing the Kinesio Taping®, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after its application.
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major hindrance to the success of cardiac reperfusion therapy. Although increased neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of MIRI, the subtypes and alterations of neutrophils in this process remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell sequencing of cardiac CD45+ cells isolated from the murine myocardium subjected to MIRI at six-time points. We identified diverse types of infiltrating immune cells and their dynamic changes during MIRI. Cardiac neutrophils showed the most immediate response and largest changes and featured with functionally heterogeneous subpopulations, including Ccl3hi Neu and Ym-1hi Neu, which were increased at 6 h and 1 d after reperfusion, respectively. Ym-1hi Neu selectively expressed genes with protective effects and was, therefore, identified as a novel specific type of cardiac cell in the injured heart. Further analysis indicated that neutrophils and their subtypes orchestrated subsequent immune responses in the cardiac tissues, especially instructing the response of macrophages. The abundance of Ym-1hi Neu was closely correlated with the therapeutic efficacy of MIRI when neutrophils were specifically targeted by anti-Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D (Ly6G) or anti-Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) neutralizing antibodies. In addition, a neutrophil subtype with the same phenotype as Ym-1hi Neu was detected in clinical samples and correlated with prognosis. Ym-1 inhibition exacerbated myocardial injury, whereas Ym-1 supplementation significantly ameliorated injury in MIRI mice, which was attributed to the tilt of Ym-1 on the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype in myocardial tissue. Overall, our findings reveal the anti-inflammatory phenotype of Ym-1hi Neu and highlight its critical role in myocardial protection during the early stages of MIRI.
BACKGROUND: The use of self-report pain scales in persons with aphasia can be challenging due to communication and cognitive problems, while for assessing pain self-report pain is considered the gold standard (Harrison RA, Field TS. Post stroke pain: identification, assessment, and therapy. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;39(3-4):190-201.). An observational scale may be used as an alternative. This study examines the validity and reliability of the observational Pain Assessment in Impaired Cognition (PAIC15) scale in persons with aphasia.
METHODS: Persons with aphasia were observed during rest and transfer by two observers using the PAIC15. The PAIC15 comprises 15 items covering the three domains of facial expressions, body movements, and vocalizations. When able, the participant completed four self-report pain scales after each observation. The observations were repeated within one week. For criterion validity, correlations between the PAIC15 and self-report pain scales were calculated and for construct validity, three hypotheses were tested. Reliability was determined by assessing internal consistency, and intra- and interobserver agreement.
RESULTS: PAIC15 observations were obtained for 71 persons (mean age 75.5 years) with aphasia. Fair positive correlations (rest: 0.35-0.50; transfer: 0.38-0.43) were reported between PAIC15 and almost all self-report pain scales. Results show that significantly more pain was observed in persons with aphasia during transfer than during rest. No differences were found for observed pain between persons with aphasia who use pain medication and those without, or persons who have joint diseases compared to those without. Results showed acceptable internal consistency. Intra- and interobserver agreement was high for most PAIC15 items, particularly for the domains body movements and vocalizations during rest and transfer.
CONCLUSIONS: Recognition of pain in persons aphasia using the PAIC15 showed mixed yet promising results.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a bathing agent imparting excellent touches when and after bathing, and further giving an excellent hot bathing touch and an excellent moist touch by adding a specific amount of a sugar, a moisturizing component, and sodium bicarbonate and/or sodium sulfate. SOLUTION: This bathing agent contains (A) a sugar in an amount of 0.1-5.0 wt.%, preferably 0.1-2.0 wt.%, (B) a moisturizing component in an amount of 0.001-10.0 wt.%, preferably 0.01-1.0 wt.%, and (C) sodium bicarbonate and/or sodium sulfate. The component A is especially preferably trehalose. The component B is preferably a glycyrrhizic acid salt, a galenical, collagen (hydrolysate), sodium casein (hydrolysate), vitamins, a plant extract, etc. The galenical includes the extract of angericae radix, the extract of Artemisia princeps and the extract of puerariae radix. The plant extract includes the extract of Sasa albo- marginata, the extract of peach, the extract of aloe, and the extract of Luffa cylindrica.
FIELD: hygiene.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to personal hygiene products such as antiperspirants, deodorants, body washing products, shower gels, bar soaps, shampoos, hair conditioners or cosmetics. First, a basic amino acid, e.g., arginine and zirconium oxychloride are combined in a water solution at a molar ratio of the basic amino acid to zirconium oxychloride of less than 1.5. The solution is then incubated at a temperature above 40°C and cooled. The cooled solution is placed on a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) column with deionized water as a mobile phase filled with polyacrylamide granules the size whereof in moist condition is less than 45 mcm, wherein the fractionation range constitutes 100 to 1800 MW. The GPC fraction containing the purified zirconium oxychloride cluster is collected for 1160 to 1300 minutes. The produced zirconium oxychloride cluster containing the described amino acid is stable at pH 2 to 6, 3 to 5, 3.5 to 4.5 or 4 to 4.5, does not contain aluminium as an active ingredient and is characterized by a rotation radius of 0.5 to 50 nm determined by the small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method using Guinier plot analysis.EFFECT: invention allows creating effective personal hygiene products containing clusters of zirconium oxychloride stable in relation to gelation and flocculation in acidic media.16 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl, 3 ex
Hot snare polypectomy, the endoscopist advances the snare sheath, opens the snare and encircles the polyp. The snare is then slowly and progressively closed, with the aim of capturing 1-2 mm of normal tissue around the polyp,then use Electrocoagulation until complete closure is achieved and the polyp is guillotined. The polyp can then be suctioned and retrieved for histologic assessment.
Genomic epidemiology enhances the ability to detect and refute methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreaks in healthcare settings, but its routine introduction requires further evidence of benefits for patients and resource utilization. We performed a 12 month prospective study at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust in the UK to capture its impact on hospital infection prevention and control (IPC) decisions. MRSA-positive samples were identified via the hospital microbiology laboratory between November 2018 and November 2019. We included samples from in-patients, clinic out-patients, people reviewed in the Emergency Department and healthcare workers screened by Occupational Health. We sequenced the first MRSA isolate from 823 consecutive individuals, defined their pairwise genetic relatedness, and sought epidemiological links in the hospital and community. Genomic analysis of 823 MRSA isolates identified 72 genetic clusters of two or more isolates containing 339/823 (41 %) of the cases. Epidemiological links were identified between two or more cases for 190 (23 %) individuals in 34/72 clusters. Weekly genomic epidemiology updates were shared with the IPC team, culminating in 49 face-to-face meetings and 21 written communications. Seventeen clusters were identified that were consistent with hospital MRSA transmission, discussion of which led to additional IPC actions in 14 of these. Two outbreaks were also identified where transmission had occurred in the community prior to hospital presentation; these were escalated to relevant IPC teams. We identified 38 instances where two or more in-patients shared a ward location on overlapping dates but carried unrelated MRSA isolates (pseudo-outbreaks); research data led to de-escalation of investigations in six of these. Our findings provide further support for the routine use of genomic epidemiology to enhance and target IPC resources.
Summary of cardiovascular function study Lassa fever carries a treated mortality in hospitalized patients of up to 30%. Lassa fever is often described as being characterized by vascular leak and shock in the terminal phase, but, whilst animal data supports this, there are limited data in humans. A further aim of this study therefore is to characterize cardiovascular function in patients with Lassa fever, with the ultimate goal of informing future trials of supportive or therapeutic strategies.

Summary of ribavirin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics sub-study Lassa fever carries a treated mortality in hospitalized patients of up to 30% in Nigeria. Ribavirin is the current standard of care. However, the efficacy of ribavirin has not been established in RCTs. There is very limited PK data on ribavirin in patients with Lassa fever and the optimal dose of ribavirin for an RCT is unknown. The aim of this study is to characterize the PK of ribavirin in Lassa fever, and identify any associations between ribavirin PK parameters and viral load and markers of inflammatory status.
BACKGROUND: Distance walking fatigability (DWF) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is defined as a decrease in the distance walking over time. However, declines in gait quality (i.e., gait quality fatigability- GQF) may occur independently or alongside DWF.
OBJECTIVE: i) to investigate how walking fatigability manifests and its prevalence in pwMS; ii) to describe the temporal pattern of the changes of specific gait characteristics during the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) METHODS: Eighty-eight pwMS (EDSS 4[0-6.5], 49[21-70] years) and 47 healthy controls (HC- 46[25-60] years) performed the 6MWT wearing inertial measurement units. Gait characteristics (stride length, sensor-based gait speed, cadence, double support, step duration, stance phase, step duration asymmetry, step duration variability, foot-strike, toe-off, and leg circumduction) and walking distance were recorded in 1-minute intervals. A fatigability index was calculated by comparing the last and first minute of the 6MWT to identify abnormal worsening based on cutoff scores. The manifestation of walking fatigability was counted. The temporal pattern of worsening of gait characteristics during the 6MWT was examined in pwMS exceeding the cutoff values, compared to pwMS without abnormal changes and HC, using a two-way ANOVA (group vs. minutes) RESULTS: Thirty-five pwMS presented both DWF and GQF, 2 presented isolated DWF, 27 presented isolated GQF, and 24 presented non-walking fatigability. PwMS having GQF presented worsening in gait characteristics (cadence, step duration, step duration variability, or toe-off angle) from minute 2 onwards of the 6MWT, while HCs and pwMS without abnormal changes stabilized gait from minute 2 towards the end of the 6MWT.
CONCLUSION: Walking fatigability in pwMS manifests not only as a decrease in walking distance but also as changes in gait quality. Understanding changes in gait characteristics during walking can help tailor rehabilitation interventions.
The objective of this randomized, Investigator-blinded, parallel group, multicenter, pilot study is to evaluate the preliminary safety, palatability and effectiveness of pancrelipase microtablets to improve fat absorption. The hypothesis is that PANCREASE MT will provide effective, safe and palatable pancreatic enzyme supplementation to be used for the treatment of fat malabsorption in a cohort of infants with cystic fibrosis-related pancreatic insufficiency. On Day 1 of the study, parents will be instructed to administer 500 units lipase/kg/meal for a full five days. Stool will be collected and analyzed during the last 72 hours of this baseline period. On Day 6 of the study, subjects will be randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Parents will be instructed to administer the appropriate dose for a full five days and stool will be collected and analyzed during the last 72 hours of this randomized treatment period. Patients will receive PANCREASE MT 500 units lipase/kg/meal by mouth for a maximum of five doses per day for the first 120 hours. Patients will receive PANCREASE MT 500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 units lipase/kg/meal by mouth, for a maximum of five meals per day for the next 120 hours.
Limited data are available related to overdosage in humans. The most likely manifestations of overdosage would be hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic (vagal) stimulation. Depressed level of consciousness, circulatory collapse and shock have been reported. If symptomatic hypotension should occur, institute supportive treatment.

Valsartan is not removed from the plasma by hemodialysis.

Valsartan was without grossly observable adverse effects at single oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg in rats and up to 1000 mg/kg in marmosets, except for salivation and diarrhea in the rat and vomiting in the marmoset at the highest dose (60 and 31 times, respectively, the MRHD dose on a mg/m2 basis). (Calculations assume an oral dose of 320 mg/day and a 60-kg patient).
The person was positioned supine, and the ankle joint was dorsiflexed by the physiotherapist to the point where the tension was felt. Then, while the person was trying to push the foot towards the plantarflexion direction for 10 seconds, the movement was prevented by the physiotherapist and isometric contraction was achieved at 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction. After 10 seconds, the person was asked to relax slowly and passive stretching was applied to the plantar flexors for 20 seconds. The contract-relax technique was applied for 30 seconds and completed with 3 repetitions (3x30sec) with 15-second rest intervals.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a type of scan which offers the possibility of assessing tumour function by measuring concentrations of chemicals (metabolites) within the abnormal tissue. This is a prospective feasibility study, aiming to recruit 15 consecutive patients with lung cancer to undergo proton MRS. The feasibility and repeatability of the technique will be assessed by analysis of the MR spectra obtained.
All subjects will be identified through The Royal Melbourne Hospital's IBD clinic, associated specialty clinics and the colonoscopy waiting list of The Royal Melbourne Hospital. The potential participants who have been commenced on Anti TNF induction therapy 6-12 months prior to commencement of the study will be identified. The potential participants identified in this way will be informed of the project at the time of contact and assessment; in some instances the potential participant will be informed of the project via telephone where subjects are remote. The potential participants will be provided an Ethically-approved information sheet at this time. Consent will be gained at the time of assessment.
The invention discloses luodwei dorjie granules and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: refluxing codonopsis alpine, tinospora sinensis, costustoot, corydalis impatiens and rhizoma nardostachyos by using ethanol, filtering, combining solution of ethanol, recovering the ethanol and concentrating into cream; drying the cream under reduced pressure and grinding to obtain fine powder; mixing the fine powder with auxiliary materials, preparing into soft materials by using the ethanol, and screening by using a 14-mesh screen to prepare granules; and drying, pelletizing and packaging the prepared granules so as to prepare the luodwei dorjie granules. The composition has the effects of clearing heat and releasing toxin, reducing swelling and easing pain and expelling wind and removing dampness, and is mainly used for treating gout. The decoction is inconvenient to decoct, carry and use; and oral liquid or an oral solid preparation stands for a certain time after high-speed centrifugation and alcohol precipitation, precipitates separate out, and the clarity and appearance of the preparation are influenced. In addition, the product is prepared into oral liquid, the oral liquid is bitter, and has low stability. Therefore, the granules in the oral solid preparations are adopted, the extracted medicaments are rapidly absorbed, and the product is small in volume, stable and is convenient to take.