anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The SAFES cohort was formed within a National Research Program (funded by the French Ministry of health) into the recruitment of emergency units in nine teaching hospitals. All nine centres had a geriatric ward. The inclusion of subjects ran from March 1st 2001 to January 17th 2002. To be eligible, patients were to be 75 or over, to have been hospitalised in a medical ward in the same hospital as the emergency unit to which they were initially admitted. Subjects were not eligible if hospitalisation was into intensive care or surgery, or if admission did not occur after admission to the emergency unit. Every day in each centre, patients admitted to the emergency unit were registered. From the list thus obtained, patients were selected by random draw stratified at two levels: in each week, 5 days were selected randomly, and for each of these days, two patients were chosen randomly. Next, each patient was visited by a specialist in geriatrics familiar with the survey procedures. In the course of this interview, patients were informed about the study, prior to signing the consent form. If the clinical status and/or the cognitive status of the patient did not enable informed consent, the interviewer referred to the subject's representative. Follow-up was by telephone interview after the 1st, 8th and 21st month and by face-to-face interviews after the 5th, 12th, 18th, and 24th month following the initial hospitalisation. Several outcome have been studied.
Insulin resistance strongly relates to ectopic lipid deposition in skeletal muscle and the liver, which correlate with insulin resistance. Lipid metabolites accumulating in skeletal muscle and the liver are thought to impair insulin signalling and thereby reduce glucose uptake and glycogen storage. Insulin resistant humans frequently present with decreased mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle which might contribute to lipid accumulation and the development of insulin resistance. Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) comprise fatty liver, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. NAFLD correlate with insulin resistance increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and hepatocellular. The mechanisms leading from fatty liver to steatohepatitis and insulin resistance in the liver are yet unclear. Bariatric surgery relates to surgery for the reduction of body weight. Bariatric surgery frequently leads to normalization of glucose tolerance in previously diabetic humans even before the onset of body weight reduction. The underlying mechanisms are yet unclear. In this study we aim to explore the mechanisms underlying the onset of insulin resistance and steatohepatitis in patients with fatty liver and to identify the mechanisms leading to improved glucose tolerance in humans after bariatric surgery. We test the following hypotheses: increased lipid availability leads to (i) increased lipid oxidation and oxidative stress (ii) accumulation of lipid metabolites that impair insulin signalling (iii) bariatric surgery improves insulin sensitivity by increasing lipid oxidation.

This study will contribute to the understanding of NAFLD and will help to identify new targets for the therapy of diabetes.
BACKGROUND: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) could improve the diagnosed efficiency of pathogens in bloodstream infections or sepsis. Little is known about the clinical impact of mNGS test when used for the early diagnosis of suspected infections. Herein, our main objective was to assess the clinical efficacy of utilizing blood samples to perform mNGS for early diagnosis of suspected infections, as well as to evaluate its potential in guiding antimicrobial therapy decisions.
METHODS: In this study, 212 adult hospitalized patients who underwent blood mNGS test in the early stage of suspected infections were enrolled. Diagnostic efficacy of mNGS test and blood culture was compared, and the clinical impact of mNGS on clinical care was analyzed.
RESULTS: In our study, the total detection rate of blood mNGS was significantly higher than that of culture method (74.4% vs. 12.1%, P < 0.001) in the paired mNGS test and blood culture. Blood stream infection (107, 67.3%) comprised the largest component of all the diseases in our patients, and the detection rate of single blood sample subgroup was similar with that of multiple type of samples subgroup. Among the 187 patients complained with fever, there was no difference in the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS when blood specimens or additional other specimens were used in cases presenting only with fever. While, when patients had other symptoms except fever, the performance of mNGS was superior in cases with specimens of suspected infected sites and blood collected at the same time. Guided by mNGS results, therapeutic regimens for 70.3% cases (149/212) were changed, and the average hospitalized days were significantly shortened in cases with the earlier sampling time of admission.
CONCLUSION: In this study, we emphasized the importance of blood mNGS in early infectious patients with mild and non-specific symptoms. Blood mNGS can be used as a supplement to conventional laboratory examination, and should be performed as soon as possible to guide clinicians to perform appropriate anti-infection treatment timely and effectively. Additionally, combining the contemporaneous samples from suspected infection sites could improve disease diagnosis and prognoses. Further research needs to be better validated in large-scale clinical trials to optimize diagnostic protocol, and the cost-utility analysis should be performed.
PURPOSE:To prevent the lowering of pH due to oxidation as well as to enhance safety by using a maltitol hydroxy aliphatic ether having a specified structure, monostearic acid glycerol and water. CONSTITUTION:A compsn. consisting of 1pt. wt. maltitol hydroxy aliphatic ether represented by the formula [where A is a residue obtd. by removing 1-3 (n) hydroxyl groups from maltitol, each of R<1> and R<2> is H, 1-20C alkyl or branched alkyl and (n) is an integer of 1-3], 0.5-5 pts.wt. monostearic acid glycerol and 3-90 pts.wt. water is blended with 0.5-5 pts.wt. higher alcohols to obtain the objective gelatinous compsn. and this compsn. is further blended with 1-30 pts.wt. oil to obtain the objective emulsified compsn. When each of the gelatinous and emulsified compsns. is added to an endermic liniment, the amt. of the maltitol hydroxy aliphatic ether is regulated to 0.01-30.0wt.%, preferably 0.1-10.0wt.% of the amt. of the liniment.
BACKGROUND: Small-incisional double eyelid surgery has been increasingly performed these years and achieved good aesthetic results, but the techniques vary greatly between literatures. The authors reviewed the cases of three-small-incisional double eyelid surgery performed in the past three years and introduced their surgical technique in detail.
METHODS: A total of 87 patients receiving bilateral three-small-incisional double eyelid surgery were included in this retrospective study. The pretarsal folds were designed meticulously, along which three evenly distributed 2 mm-long incisions were made. A minimal amount of orbicularis oculi muscle and pretarsal soft tissue were removed to expose the pretarsal fascia for further fixation. An appropriate amount of orbital septal fat was removed through the lateral incision if required. The superficial orbicularis oculi muscle and dermis on the lower margin of the incision were fixed onto the pretarsal fascia with some underlying tarsus on the upper margin of the tarsus. The skin was closed by one stitch for each incision.
RESULTS: The average follow-up was 9.9 ± 5.2 months (range: 6-27 months). All the patients were satisfied with the result. None of them experienced loss of the pretarsal fold, bilateral asymmetry, scar hyperplasia, or persistent swelling after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Our three-small-incisional technique with minor soft tissue debulking offers a simple, safe, and reproducible approach to double eyelids. It can create a stable and natural-looking pretarsal fold with a short recovery period.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The investigators will utilize an low level laser therapy device apply into each acupuncture point. Ten acupuncture points will be used. Each acupuncture point will be irradiated for 30 seconds at 8,000 Hz.
This study is designed as a prospective, observational and treatment study, with ongoing monitoring of the progression of HIV infection and HIV-related disease processes. A data base, not otherwise obtainable, will be collected of unusual disease processes related to HIV infection, and of the long-term effects of experimental treatments that patients may have received under earlier protocols for HIV and related infections. Up to 500 patients with known or suspected HIV-infection will be enrolled. Minimal studies scheduled for each visit will include monitoring of immune status, routine safety laboratory tests, and evaluation for possible opportunistic infections. Treatment plans will be individualized for each patient's particular condition, and the number and length of additional visits and diagnostic evaluations will vary accordingly. Specific treatment regimens will be in accordance with standard medical practice.
Ranibizumab 0.5 mg / 0.05mL for intravitreal injection. All patients in this arm will be exposed to one monthly injection for the first four months. During the rest of the study, during the monthly visits, it will be decided if injections are to be continued or postponed. The maximum amount of intravitreal injections to be administered are 12.
This will be an ancillary study to the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) second renewal #201511711). Using a prototype Curve Beam Standing Computed Tomography (SCT) scanner to get a 3 dimensional picture of the knee joint, bilaterally. This scanner by Curve Beam 175 Titus Ave, Suite 300, Warrington, Pennsylvania 18976, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for ankles and feet. This has been modified to do the scan of the knee but is not yet approved by the FDA for the knees. The proposed ancillary study would add the key benefit of providing more sensitive and accurate identification of prevalent knee osteoarthritis (OA) at baseline and incident knee OA at follow-up than is available with plain radiographs. In addition, it would enable biomechanical modeling of the knee joint on a larger scale than achieved in any prior study, allowing testing of biomechanical hypotheses regarding mechanisms of disease development and progression that have not been possible on this scale previously.
Glaucoma is a syndrome. The long-term increase in intraocular pressure eventually leads to visual field defect and blindness. Lowering the intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma is considered to be the most effective way to treat glaucoma. Many studies believe that both blood circulation around the eyes and increased intraocular pressure play a critical role in glaucoma. Some studies have shown that acupuncture can adjust intraocular pressure and improve optic nerve activity, as well as increase blood flow of the eye fundus. Jingming (BL1) can communicate yin and yang, nourish and improve eyesight, and Qiuhou (EX-HN7) can promote qi and blood circulation, and improve vision. The results of our previous research found that acupuncture or electroacupuncture can reduce the intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the therapeutic effect of acupuncture at the Jingming and the Qiuhou acupoints on the visual acuity and visual field in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. This study designed a randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial. A total of 40 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups equally as follows: 1) Sham acupuncture group: Only use Wangbuliu Xingzi Paste on the skin on the acupoints on both sides of the Jingming and the Qiuhou, once a week, once for 20 minutes, for 24 weeks; 2) Acupuncture group: The method is the same as the sham acupuncture group, but the stainless steel needles are used to insert into the two points of Jingming and the Qiuhou, and der-qi, once a week, once for 20 minutes, for 24 consecutive weeks. The main assessment is visual acuity and visual field; the secondary assessment includes intraocular pressure, optic nerve fiber layer thickness, serum homocysteine concentration, and changes in scores on the WHOQOL-REF (Taiwan version) scale.

It is expected that acupuncture intervention can improve the visual acuity and visual field in patients with glaucoma.
The Introductory session provides an orientation to the intervention, basic mindfulness techniques and general description of group sessions. Each session has a central theme/topic and consists of in-session experiential practice, discussions and homework assignments. Sessions begin with a check-in followed by a 20-30 minute meditation (i.e. body scan). The therapist reviews homework assignments, discusses challenges and participants are taught a variety of mindfulness meditation (MM) practices such as breath meditation, urge surfing, walking or movement meditation.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) continues to be a public health priority in Peru and the world. The prevalence of the condition is high in women of reproductive age regardless of geographic area and socioeconomic status. Fortification of staple foods is recognized as a cost-effective strategy to reverse iron deficiency. In Peru, iron fortification of wheat flour and derived products is mandatory, but to date its effect on the IDA has not been evaluated. In recent years, evidence has been generated on the positive effect of zinc, vitamin A and vitamin B12 supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) levels. This project is a three-arm randomized clinical trial that seeks to evaluate the effect of consuming two slices of bread fortified with a multivitamin premix (iron, folic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B12 and zinc) daily on iron deficiency anemia in non-pregnant women of reproductive age. As a control, one group will receive standard bread fortified according to Peruvian legislation and a third group will not receive treatment.
An in vivo method for depleting mammalian cells of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) useful in the treatment of certain cancers is provided. According to the method, a population of cells is obtained from a host and assayed for loss of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAse) activity. MTAse catabolizes methylthioadenosine to adenine for endogenous salvage incorporation into the intracellular AMP pool. The preferred method for assaying loss of MTAse activity is a hybridization technique for detection of a homozygous loss of the gene which encodes MTAse. Hosts having MTAse deficient tumors are treated with a therapeutically effective amount of an agent which inhibits the activity of adenylsuccinate synthetase, which converts inosine 5'-monophosphate to AMP, thus depleting the tumor cells of substrates for de novo AMP production. L-alanosine is the preferred ASS inhibitory agent for use in the method of the invention.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are heterogenous immature myeloid lineage cells that can differentiate into neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells as well. These cells have been characterized to have potent immunosuppressive capacity in neoplasia and a neoplastic chronic inflammatory microenvironment. Increased accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells was reported with poor clinical outcomes in patients. They support neoplastic progression by abrogating antitumor immunity through inhibition of lymphocyte functions and directly by facilitating tumor development. Yet the shifting genetic signatures of this myeloid lineage cell toward immunosuppressive functionality in progressive tumor development remain elusive. We have attempted to identify the gene expression profile using lineage-specific markers of these unique myeloid lineage cells in a tumor microenvironment and bone marrow using a liquid transplantable mice tumor model to trace the changing influence of the tumor microenvironment on myeloid-derived suppressor cells. We analyzed the phenotype, functional shift, suppressive activity, differentiation status, and microarray-based gene expression profile of CD11b+Gr1+ lineage-specific cells isolated from the tumor microenvironment and bone marrow of 4 stages of tumor-bearing mice and compared them with control counterparts. Our analysis of differentially expressed genes of myeloid-derived suppressor cells isolated from bone marrow and the tumor microenvironment reveals unique gene expression patterns in the bone marrow and tumor microenvironment-derived myeloid-derived suppressor cells. It also suggests T-cell suppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells progressively increases toward the mid-to-late phase of the tumor and a significant differentiation bias of tumor site myeloid-derived suppressor cells toward macrophages, even in the presence of differentiating agents, indicating potential molecular characteristics of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in different stages of the tumor that can emerge as an intervention target.
Control group mothers and children (n = 87) were given the usual nutritional consultation and were prescribed diets that covered their energy requirements according to their age and sex. Similarly, CG mother/child pairs received information regarding food groups and portion sizes, were trained in the use of the food equivalence system to encourage variation, and were instructed on how to prepare the diet at home.
BACKGROUND: Tremors are involuntary rhythmic movements commonly present in neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and multiple sclerosis. Intention tremor is a subtype associated with lesions in the cerebellum and its connected pathways, and it is a common symptom in diseases associated with cerebellar pathology. While clinicians traditionally use tests to identify tremor type and severity, recent advancements in wearable technology have provided quantifiable ways to measure movement and tremor using motion capture systems, app-based tasks and tools, and physiology-based measurements. However, quantifying intention tremor remains challenging due to its changing nature.
METHODOLOGY & RESULTS: This review examines the current state of upper limb tremor assessment technology and discusses potential directions to further develop new and existing algorithms and sensors to better quantify tremor, specifically intention tremor. A comprehensive search using PubMed and Scopus was performed using keywords related to technologies for tremor assessment. Afterward, screened results were filtered for relevance and eligibility and further classified into technology type. A total of 243 publications were selected for this review and classified according to their type: body function level: movement-based, activity level: task and tool-based, and physiology-based. Furthermore, each publication's methods, purpose, and technology are summarized in the appendix table.
CONCLUSIONS: Our survey suggests a need for more targeted tasks to evaluate intention tremors, including digitized tasks related to intentional movements, neurological and physiological measurements targeting the cerebellum and its pathways, and signal processing techniques that differentiate voluntary from involuntary movement in motion capture systems.
Perindopril erbumine is a pro-drug for perindoprilat, which inhibits ACE in human subjects and animals. The mechanism through which perindoprilat lowers blood pressure is believed to be primarily inhibition of ACE activity. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes conversion of the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, to the vasoconstrictor, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent peripheral vasoconstrictor, which stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, and provides negative feedback on renin secretion. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, leading to decreased vasoconstriction, increased plasma renin activity and decreased aldosterone secretion. The latter results in diuresis and natriuresis and may be associated with a small increase of serum potassium.  
  
ACE is identical to kininase II, an enzyme that degrades bradykinin. Whether increased levels of bradykinin, a potent vasodepressor peptide, play a role in the therapeutic effects of perindopril erbumine remains to be elucidated.  
  
While the principal mechanism of perindopril in blood pressure reduction is believed to be through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, ACE inhibitors have some effect even in apparent low-renin hypertension. Perindopril has been studied in relatively few black patients, usually a low-renin population, and the average response of diastolic blood pressure to perindopril was about half the response seen in nonblack patients, a finding consistent with previous experience of other ACE inhibitors.
Non-natural oligomers have recently shown promise as functional analogues of lung surfactant proteins Band C (SP-B and SP-C), two helical and amphiphilic proteins that are clitical for normal respiration. The generation of non-natural mimics of SP-Band SP-C has previously been restlicted to step-by-step, sequence-specific synthesis, which results in discrete oligomers that are intended to manifest specific structural attributes. Presented herein an alternative approach to SP-B mimicry that is based on sequence-random copolymers containing cationic and lipophilic subunits. These materials, members of the nylon-3 family, are prepared by ling-opening polymelization of 13-lactams. The best of the nylon-3 polymers display promising in vitro surfactant activities in a mixed lipid film. Pulsating bubble surfactometry data indicate that films containing the most surface-active polymers attain adsorptive and dynamic-cycling properties that surpass those of discrete peptides intended to mimic SP-B.
Healthy adolescents with no history of suicide attempt. Clinical assessments and blood samples; no 12mo follow-up.
The development of a potentially life-threatening serotonin syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)-like reactions have been reported with SNRIs and SSRIs alone, including Effexor XR treatment, but particularly with concomitant use of serotonergic drugs (including triptans) with drugs which impair metabolism of serotonin (including MAOIs, eg, methylene blue), or with antipsychotics or other dopamine antagonists. Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, hyperthermia), neuromuscular aberrations (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination) and/or gastrointestinal symptoms [e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea] (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions). Serotonin syndrome, in its most severe form can resemble neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which includes hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability with possible rapid fluctuation of vital signs, and mental status changes. Patients should be monitored for the emergence of serotonin syndrome or NMS-like signs and symptoms. 

The concomitant use of Effexor XR with MAOIs intended to treat depression is contraindicated (see CONTRAINDICATIONS and WARNINGS, Potential for Interaction with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors). 

If concomitant treatment of Effexor XR with a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonist (triptan) is clinically warranted, careful observation of the patient is advised, particularly during treatment initiation and dose increases (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions). 

The concomitant use of Effexor XR with serotonin precursors (such as tryptophan) is not recommended (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions). 

Treatment with Effexor XR and any concomitant serotonergic or antidopaminergic agents, including antipsychotics, should be discontinued immediately if the above events occur and supportive symptomatic treatment should be initiated.