anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) frequently leads to malignant ascites (MA) in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remaining a bottleneck in the treatment. This study aimed to explore the differences in microbes in paired groups and provide novel insights into PVTT and MA-related treatments. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedding ascite samples were collected from MA secondary to HCC and benign ascites (BA) secondary to liver cirrhosis (LC). Ascitic microbiota profiles were determined in the HCC and LC groups by 16S rRNA sequencing. Prognostic risk factors were screened using survival analysis. The correlation between the significantly different microbial signatures in the groups with PVTT (WVT) and non-PVTT (NVT) and clinical characteristics was explored. The expression of different immune cells was determined by labeling four markers in the MA tissue chips using multiplex immunohistochemistry. A total of 240 patients (196 with HCC with MA and 44 with LC with BA) were included in this study. Microbial profiles differed between the HCC and LC groups. PVTT and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage were shown to be prognostic risk factors. Significant differences in the alpha and beta diversities were observed between the WVT and NVT groups. Gammaproteobacteria and Acinetobacter were the most abundant in the HCC MA. Differences in microbial signatures between the WVT and NVT groups were correlated with the level of C-reactive protein and apolipoprotein A1. This study revealed the microbial differences in the tumor microenvironment of MA secondary to HCC and BA secondary to LC.IMPORTANCEFirst, we explored the alteration of the ascites ecosystem through the microbiota in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis. Second, this is the first clinical study to investigate the differences between patients with HCC with and without portal vein tumor thrombosis via 16S rRNA sequencing. These results revealed a decreased microbial diversity and metabolic dysregulation in individuals with HCC and portal vein tumor thrombosis. Gammaproteobacteria and Acinetobacter were the most abundant in the HCC malignant ascitic fluid. Our study provides a new perspective on treating malignant ascites secondary to HCC.
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis, serving as the primary pathological mechanism at the core of cardiovascular disease, is now widely acknowledged to be associated with DNA damage and repair, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, molecules involved in the DNA repair process may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Our research endeavors to explore the contributions of specific and interrelated molecules involved in DNA repair (APE1, BRCA1, ERCC2, miR-221-3p, miR-145-5p, and miR-155-5p) to the development of atherosclerotic plaque and their interactions with each other.
METHODS & RESULTS: Gene expression study was conducted using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method on samples from carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques and nonatherosclerotic internal mammary arteries obtained from 50 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and carotid artery disease. Additionally, 50 healthy controls were included for the determination of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Although no difference was observed in mRNA gene expressions, we noted a decrease in miR-155-5p gene expression (p = 0.003) and an increase in miR-221-3p gene expression (p = 0.015) in plaque samples, while miR-145-5p gene expression remained unchanged (p = 0.57). Regarding serum 8-OHdG levels, patients exhibited significantly higher levels (1111.82 ± 28.64) compared to controls (636.23 ± 24.23) (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: In our study demonstrating the role of miR-155-5p and miR-221-3p in atherosclerosis, we propose that these molecules are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for coronary artery diseases and carotid artery disease.
BACKGROUND: Autogenic training (AT) is a structured meditative-style practice, consisting of a sequence of simple mental exercises intended to induce a relaxed state in patients. There is some emerging evidence to suggest that AT can be effective in treating certain chronic conditions, however, further evidence is required. A service evaluation of AT services at the Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine was conducted to evaluate the impact of AT on patients with chronic conditions.
METHODS: The service evaluation consisted of the completion of validated quantitative outcome measures pre and posttreatment to explore the impact of AT. AT patients were asked to complete the Measure Yourself Medical Outcomes Profile (MYMOP) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) at their first hospital appointment (baseline) and then again 8 weeks later following completion of their AT sessions. Pre- and posttreatment scores for each outcome measure were analysed in SPSS using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
RESULTS: One hundred ninety-nine patients completed both initial and follow-up MYMOP forms and were included in the evaluation. The most common presenting complaints for MYMOP symptom 1 were prolonged anxiety/stress and depression (n = 70, 35.2%), chronic pain and migraine headache (n = 44, 22.1%), chronic insomnia and sleep problems (n = 42, 21.1%) and, long-term exhaustion and fatigue (n = 18, 9%). The change in median score pre- and posttreatment for all MYMOP categories (symptoms, activity and well-being) were statistically highly significant p < 0.001. Anxiety, stress, depression, pain and insomnia were the symptoms that had the largest statistically significant difference between the median score pre- and posttreatment. Fifty-five patients completed the PSS questionnaire at two time points (pre- and posttreatment). It showed a highly statistically significant change in PSS median score in patients experiencing stress (p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION: The findings of the evaluation indicate that 8 weeks of AT appears to be effective in improving symptoms of concern to patients and enhancing patients' overall well-being. In particular, AT was found to be beneficial for patients with symptoms of anxiety, stress, depression, pain and insomnia.
Many methods to computationally predict red blood cell damage have been introduced, and among these are Lagrangian methods that track the cells along their pathlines. Such methods typically do not explicitly include cell-cell interactions. Due to the high volume fraction of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, these interactions could impact cell mechanics and thus the amount of damage caused by the flow. To investigate this question, cell-resolved simulations of red blood cells in shear flow were performed for multiple interacting cells, as well as for single cells in unbounded flow at an effective viscosity. Simulations run without adjusting the bulk viscosity produced larger errors unilaterally and were not considered further for comparison. We show that a periodic box containing at least 8 cells and a spherical harmonic of degree larger than 10 are necessary to produce converged higher-order statistics. The maximum difference between the single-cell and multiple-cell cases in terms of peak strain was 3.7%. To achieve this, one must use the whole blood viscosity and average over multiple cell orientations when adopting a single-cell simulation approach. The differences between the models in terms of average strain were slightly larger (maximum difference of 6.9%). However, given the accuracy of the single-cell approach in predicting the maximum strain, which is useful in hemolysis prediction, and its computational cost that is orders of magnitude less than the multiple-cell approach, one may use it as an affordable cell-resolved approach for hemolysis prediction.
Immediately after initiation of PA therapy, patients should be closely observed for possible hypersensitivity reactions. In conversion of atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm by any means, dislodgement of mural thrombi may lead to embolization, which should be kept in mind. After achieving and maintaining therapeutic plasma concentrations and satisfactory electrocardiographic and clinical responses, continued frequent periodic monitoring of vital signs and electrocardiograms is advised. If evidence of QRS widening of more than 25 percent or marked prolongation of the Q-T interval occurs, concern for overdosage is appropriate, and interruption of the PA infusion is advisable if a 50 percent increase occurs. Elevated serum creatinine or urea nitrogen, reduced creatinine clearance or history of renal insufficiency, as well as use in older patients (over age 50), provide grounds to anticipate that less than the usual dosage or infusion rate may suffice, since the urinary elimination of PA and NAPA may be reduced, leading to gradual accumulation beyond normally- predicted amounts. If facilities are available for measurement of plasma PA and NAPA, or acetylation capability, individual dose adjustment for optimal therapeutic levels may be easier, but close observation of clinical effectiveness is the most important criterion.
Cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers among the most prevalent and deadly forms. These cancers often lead to high mortality rates and demand the use of potent cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. For example, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) forms the backbone of chemotherapy regimens for various GI cancers, including colorectal cancer. While these chemotherapeutics efficiently kill cancer cells, they frequently cause off-target effects such as chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM), characterized by debilitating symptoms like pain, nausea, and diarrhoea, necessitating medical intervention. In this study, we elucidated the potential of melatonin and misoprostol to reduce 5-FU-induced small intestinal mucositis. Morphological and cellular changes in the jejunum, along with colonic faecal water content were quantified in rats as markers for CIM. Additionally, the effects of melatonin were investigated in vitro on 5-FU treated murine intestinal organoids. The results showed that melatonin prevented villus atrophy in the rat jejunal mucosa and upheld cell viability in murine intestinal organoids. In contrast, misoprostol alone or in combination with melatonin did not significantly affect CIM caused by 5-FU. These in vivo and in vitro experiments provided promising insights that melatonin may be used as a preventive and/or adjuvant combination therapy to prevent and reduce CIM, holding the potential to enhance cancer treatment outcomes and improve patient quality-of-life.
T2DM participants received once daily subcutaneous liraglutide titrated to 1.8 mg starting at 0.6 mg and increasing to 1.2 mg on Day 8, and 1.8 mg on Day 15. The total number of dosing days was 29.
The invention discloses a medicine for treating upper respiratory tract infection and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a medicament for treating upper respiratory tract infection, which comprises the following raw materials in part by weight: 4-6 parts of giant knotweed rhizome, 3-5 parts of weeping forsythia capsule and 3-5 parts of indigowoad root. In order to enhance the curative effect of the medicament, the medicament formula also comprises the following adjuvant medicaments in part by weight: 3-5 parts of radix bupleuri, 3-5 parts of patrinia, 3-5 parts of verbena, 2-4 parts of reed rhizome and 1-3 parts of liquorice. The invention can improve ischemia and anoxia of local tissue cells, improve microcirculation, and has obvious curative effect on upper respiratory tract infection diseases such as common cold, acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngolaryngitis, acute parotitis, etc. In more than five thousand wind-heat disease cases treated by the medicine, the total effective rate reaches 100 percent, the cure rate reaches 98 percent, and no toxic or side effect exists. The medicine has the advantages of convenient administration, low production cost, and convenient popularization and application.
The in-person crisis response planning (CRP) session will last between 30 minutes to 1-hour. The in-person CRP will follow the same protocol and include the same treatment components as the virtual CRP. However, it will occur face-to-face, instead of on doxy.me, with a trained study therapist. The treatment components, outlined under the virtual CRP arm description, are written by the participant on an index card. The index card serves as a concrete reference for participants in the real-world.
Ifosfamide interferes with oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Amenorrhea, azoospermia, and sterility in both sexes have been reported. Development of sterility appears to depend on the dose of ifosfamide, duration of therapy, and state of gonadal function at the time of treatment. Sterility may be irreversible in some patients.

Female Patients

Amenorrhea has been reported in patients treated with ifosfamide. The risk of permanent chemotherapy‑induced amenorrhea increases with age. Pediatric patients treated with ifosfamide during prepubescence subsequently may not conceive and those who retain ovarian function after completing treatment are at increased risk of developing premature menopause.

Male Patients

Men treated with ifosfamide may develop oligospermia or azoospermia. Pediatric patients treated with ifosfamide during prepubescence might not develop secondary sexual characteristics normally, but may have oligospermia or azoospermia. Azoospermia may be reversible in some patients, though the reversibility may not occur for several years after cessation of therapy. Sexual function and libido are generally unimpaired in these patients. Some degree of testicular atrophy may occur. Patients treated with ifosfamide have subsequently fathered children.
'Heat-not-burn' products (HnBP) contain lower levels of harmful substances than traditional cigarettes, but the use of these products warrants further toxicological evaluation. We have compared the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of a heat-not burn product with conventional cigarettes, in vivo and in vitro. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to mainstream smoke from conventional cigarettes or a HnBP, for 4 or 28 days, followed by isolation of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and histological examination of the testes. Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells were exposed in vitro to total particulate matter from cigarette smoke obtained through Cambridge filters. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of total particulate matter were assessed by the neutral red uptake assay, chromosome aberration assay, in vitro micronucleus test, comet assay, and Ames assay. In the short-term exposure rat models, only the conventional-cigarettes group showed a significant increase in the ratio of micronuclei to total PCE. There was no significant difference in rat testis histology in the long-term exposure models. In vitro, in the neutral red uptake assay, the HnBP product showed lower cytotoxicity than conventional cigarettes. Conventional cigarettes showed greater genotoxicity in the chromosome aberration assay, high-dose Ames tests with exogenous metabolic activation, and micronucleus tests. In summary, our results suggest that HnBP have lower cytotoxicity and genotoxicity than conventional cigarettes.
Participants receive zolmitriptan 5 mg tablets, one tablet administered orally at initial onset of moderate to severe migraine headache. If, after 2 hours post-dose, participants still have a moderate to severe migraine or migraine recurs, participants may receive an optional second dose of study drug (placebo) or one dose of non-study rescue medication.
PURPOSE:To obtain a preventing and treating agent for C type viral hepatitis, containing a 3-oxygermylpropionic acid-based compound as a main ingredient. CONSTITUTION:This preventing and treating agent contains 0.005-5wt.% of a 3-oxygermylpropionic acid polymer expressed by formula I, preferably formula II [R is CH2CH2COOH; (m) is 137+ or -84 as weight-average polymerization degree expressed in terms of weight average molecular weight of propagermanium propylester]. Preferably, the polymer is blended with a saccharide (e.g. lactose) or a cellulose-based polymer substance (e.g. hydroxypropylcellulose) as a stabilizing carrier for activating action before the blend is formulated. Oral dose of this agent to adult (having 50kg body weight) is preferably 150mg/day with the dose range of 1-1500mg. The compound of formula II is an eight-membered organic germanium compound expressed by the minimum unit (O1/2)3GeCH2CH2 COOH or the experimental formula C6H10Ge2O7.
Immunosenescence refers to the age-related progressive decline of immune function contributing to the increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in older people. Neurocryptococcosis, an infectious disease of central nervous system (CNS) caused by Cryptococcus neoformans (C. Neoformans) and C. gattii, has been observed with increased frequency in aged people, as result of the reactivation of a latent infection or community acquisition. These opportunistic microorganisms belonging to kingdom of fungi are capable of surviving and replicating within macrophages. Typically, cryptococcus is expelled by vomocytosis, a non-lytic expulsive mechanism also promoted by interferon (IFN)-I, or by cell lysis. However, whereas in a first phase cryptococcal vomocytosis leads to a latent asymptomatic infection confined to the lung, an enhancement in vomocytosis, promoted by IFN-I overproduction, can be deleterious, leading the fungus to reach the blood stream and invade the CNS. Cryptococcus may not be easy to diagnose in older individuals and, if not timely treated, could be potentially lethal. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the putative causes of the increased incidence of cryptococcal CNS infection in older people discussing in depth the mechanisms of immunosenscence potentially able to predispose to neurocryptococcosis, laying the foundations for future research. A deepest understanding of this relationship could provide new ways to improve the prevention and recognition of neurocryptococcosis in aged frail people, in order to quickly manage pharmacological interventions and to adopt further preventive measures able to reduce the main risk factors.
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm worldwide. Viral infections are involved with carcinogenesis, especially those caused by oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes. Despite the detection of HPV in breast carcinomas, the virus's activity against this type of cancer remains controversial. HPV infection promotes remodeling of the host's immune response, resulting in an immunosuppressive profile. This study assessed the individual role of HPV oncogenes in the cell line MDA-MB-231 transfected with the E5, E6, and E7 oncogenes and co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunophenotyping was conducted to evaluate immune system modulation. There was an increase in CD4+ T cell numbers when compared with non-transfected and transfected MDA-MB-231, especially in the Treg profile. Pro-inflammatory intracellular cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17, were impaired by transfected cells, and a decrease in the cytolytic activity of the CD8+ and CD56+ lymphocytes was observed in the presence of HPV oncogenes, mainly with E6 and E7. The E6 and E7 oncogenes decrease monocyte expression, activating the expected M1 profile. In the monocytes found, a pro-inflammatory role was observed according to the cytokines released in the supernatant. In conclusion, the MDA-MB-231 cell lineage transfected with HPV oncogenes can downregulate the number and function of lymphocytes and monocytes.
FIELD: biotechnology, microbiology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of preparing and/or purification of clavulanic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester. Method involves removal of solid substances from fermentation broth containing clavulanic acid by microfiltration to form the first filtrate with pH 5.8-6.2 followed by removal of solid substances from the first filtrate by ultrafiltration using polysulfone membrane providing removal of substances with molecular mass from 10 to 30 kDa with passage capacity from 10 to 30 l•m -2 •h -1 . Formed second filtrate is concentrated by water removal and obtained concentrated second filtrate is treated to yield clavulanic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester. Method provides decrease the content of impurities showing absorption at 420 nm. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of isolation and bleaching of clavulanic acid. 7 cl, 1 ex
In direct seeding, hypoxia is a major stress faced by rice plants. Therefore, dissecting the response mechanism of rice to hypoxia stress and the molecular regulatory network is critical to the development of hypoxia-tolerant rice varieties and direct seeding of rice. This review summarizes the morphological, physiological, and ecological changes in rice under hypoxia stress, the discovery of hypoxia-tolerant and germination-related genes/QTLs, and the latest research on candidate genes, and explores the linkage of hypoxia tolerance genes and their distribution in indica and japonica rice through population variance analysis and haplotype network analysis. Among the candidate genes, OsMAP1 is a typical gene located on the MAPK cascade reaction for indica-japonica divergence; MHZ6 is involved in both the MAPK signaling and phytohormone transduction pathway. MHZ6 has three major haplotypes and one rare haplotype, with Hap3 being dominated by indica rice varieties, and promotes internode elongation in deep-water rice by activating the SD1 gene. OsAmy3D and Adh1 have similar indica-japonica varietal differentiation, and are mainly present in indica varieties. There are three high-frequency haplotypes of OsTPP7, namely Hap1 (n = 1109), Hap2 (n = 1349), and Hap3 (n = 217); Hap2 is more frequent in japonica, and the genetic background of OsTPP7 was derived from the japonica rice subpopulation. Further artificial selection, natural domestication, and other means to identify more resistance mechanisms of this gene may facilitate future research to breed superior rice cultivars. Finally, this study discusses the application of rice hypoxia-tolerant germplasm in future breeding research.