anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) is a key factor in promoting cytarabine (Ara-C) resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however the underly mechanism remains unclear. Acute myeloid leukemia cells, were cultured with either IDH2 knockdown (KD-IDH2) or overexpression (OE-IDH2) to elucidate the role of IDH2 in these leukemic cell lines. Additionally, mutant cell lines were engineered to replicate clinically relevant IDH2 mutations. To investigate cellular responses, the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was administered to the cells. Cell proliferation was quantified using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), while apoptosis was evaluated through propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry. Glycolytic metabolism levels were measured using a specific reagent kit, and Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of glycolysis-related proteins. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to elucidate the mechanisms by which IDH2 mutations influence glycolysis. Furthermore, both in vitro cell experiments and in vivo subcutaneous transplantation tumor models in nude mice were utilized to validate these mechanisms. OE-IDH2 in AML cells, enhances resistance to the Ara-C, promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis, and inhibits apoptosis. KD-IDH2 exhibits opposite effects. Both IDH2 mutations and OE-IDH2 produce similar effects on these cellular processes. The increase in glycolysis levels following IDH2 mutation may contribute to the reduced efficacy of Enasidenib in inhibiting the proliferation of IDH-mutant AML cells. Transcriptome sequencing results indicate an enrichment of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in IDH2-mutant AML cells. BEZ235 significantly inhibits the expression of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), mTOR, glycolytic metabolism, and Ara-C resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression and mutation of IDH2 coordinate with the Warburg effect through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote Ara-C resistance in AML.
The medications to be used in this study are Lamivudine (EPIVIR®) and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (VIREAD®), medications already used in people with certain other types of viruses \[but not HERV-K(HML2)\] in their body. Treatment will last 16 weeks. This is an experiment combining these two drugs and has been issue an Investigational New Drug (IND) Exemption by the FDA.
For those randomized to routine airway management, nasal cannula with oxygen 2L/min will be applied and this will be titrated to achieve a maternal SpO2 \> 95%. End tidal CO2 monitors will be applied to both patient groups.
The invention discloses a rooibos preparation, which includes a controlled and/or sustained-release composition including a rooibos extract (Aspalathus linearis). The preparation can be a rooibos tea preparation. The rooibos extract can be a rooibos tea extract. The preparation includes a controlled and/or sustained-release rooibos extract provided in the form of a tablet, mini-tablet and/or capsule. The rooibos preparation includes a modified release delivery system to ensure a sustained-release of rooibos compounds for an extended period of time. The invention also discloses a method to improve the relatively short duration of the rooibos anti-oxidant constituents in the systemic circulation due to rapid elimination.
BACKGROUND: Functional ovarian cysts are common among women of reproductive age, often necessitating medical intervention. This hospital-based interventional study compares the efficacy and safety of combined oral contraceptive pills (COC) and dydrogesterone in managing functional ovarian cysts.
METHODS: This randomized controlled trial will be conducted over two years at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, AVBRH, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences. The study population consists of reproductive-age women seeking care at the outpatient unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology at AVBRH hospital. The sample size of 46 participants per group has been calculated based on a 95% confidence interval and the estimated prevalence of functional ovarian cysts. Group A will receive low-dose COC for three menstrual cycles. At the same time, Group B will be administered dydrogesterone (10 mg twice daily) for ten days during the luteal phase, repeated across three cycles.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES: The primary outcomes include evaluating the recession of cysts within three months, monitoring alterations in menstrual patterns (frequency, regularity, duration, and volume), assessing the necessary treatment duration, and observing potential side effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting, weight gain, and acne) and complications (e.g., thromboembolism, delayed menstrual cycles post-treatment, and interactions with other drugs). Data analysis will encompass descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and regression models to assess the primary outcomes. The significance level for hypothesis testing will be 0.05 with a two-tailed approach.
REGISTRATION: CTRI/2023/04/051811.
The invention discloses chitosan-loaded capsaicin microspheres, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. According to the invention, a chitosan solution and a capsaicin solution are adopted as main materials, and the microspheres are prepared with a combination of an ionic cross-linking method and a spray drying method. Chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate are firmly combined through chemical bonds, and capsaicin is entrapped in the combination through twice coating. The particle sizes of the microspheres are 0.8mum to 4.5mum. According to the invention, the entrapment ratio of chitosan and capsaicin is determined; preferable preparation conditions are provided, and twice coating is carried out upon capsaicin in the ionic cross-linking process and the spray drying process. The microspheres have good sustained-release performance. With the microspheres, chitosan and capsaicin provide synergetic effects of inflammation eliminating and bacteria inhibiting. Successful twice coating assists in reducing the irritation of capsaicin. With the microspheres and the method provided by the invention, defects in traditional drug-loading microspheres of insufficient yield, use of organic solvent, low entrapment rate and low drug-loading rate are overcome. Therefore, the microspheres and the method have good industrial application value.
The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of semaglutide or of other semaglutide products. 

During the 26 to 78-week treatment periods in 5 clinical trials [see Clinical Studies (14.2), (14.3)] and 1 clinical trial in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 14/2924 (0.5%) of RYBELSUS-treated patients developed anti-semaglutide antibodies. Of these 14 RYBELSUS-treated patients, 7 patients (0.2% of the total RYBELSUS-treated study population) developed antibodies that cross-reacted with native GLP-1. No identified clinically significant effect of anti-semaglutide antibodies on pharmacokinetics of RYBELSUS was observed. There is insufficient information to characterize the effects of anti-semaglutide antibodies on pharmacodynamics, safety, or effectiveness of semaglutide.
The present invention provides a scutellaria stem and leaf injection powder and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is prepared from scutellaria root stem and leaf extracts and auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and polyethylene glycol. The preparation method is characterized in that the scutellaria stems and leaves are extracted by water, acidified and refined, and then the extracts are prepared; the extracts are covered by the auxiliary materials, frozen, dried, etc., and then the injection powder is prepared. The injection powder has the same medical care function with homogeneous medicine oral liquids, granules, tablets, capsules, dripping pills, injections, etc. The injection powder can be used for analgesia, inflammation or/and fever relieving and aphrenia resistance, and can also be used for resisting viruses, bacteria, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, oxidation and tumors. The present invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing technology, stable property, little stimulation, convenient transportation and long storage period. Therefore, the injection powder can be used as a novel preparation form of the novel scutellaria stem and leaf medicine to be produced in large scale and popularized and applied in large area.
Labetalol HCl injection is intended for intravenous use in hospitalized patients. DOSAGE MUST BE INDIVIDUALIZED depending upon the severity of hypertension and the response of the patient during dosing.

Patients should always be kept in a supine position during the period of intravenous drug administration. A substantial fall in blood pressure on standing should be expected in these patients. The patient’s ability to tolerate an upright position should be established before permitting any ambulation, such as using toilet facilities.

Either of two methods of administration of labetalol HCl injection may be used: a) repeated intravenous injection, or b) slow continuous infusion.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is responsible for about 10% of all acute myocardial infarctions (AMI). Therapeutic strategies and prognosis depend on the underlying etiology, and a multimodal approach is essential. The objectives of this study were to characterize the group of patients diagnosed with MINOCA and to valuate the diagnostic yield of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).
METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, and analytical study, including 516 patients admitted for a non-ST-elevation MI and with no significant coronary disease on coronary angiography between January 2016 and September 2021.
RESULTS: After the inclusion criteria, 163 patients remained of the 516 admitted to the study. They were divided into four groups based on the CMR results: MINOCA (n=51), Takotsubo syndrome (n=37), myocarditis (n=33), and without diagnosis (n=42). Most patients diagnosed with MINOCA were female with a mean age of 61.06±13.83 years. CMR identified the diagnosis in 74.2% of patients admitted for suspected acute MI, in which coronary angiography showed the absence of significant obstructions. The median time between hospital admission and CMR was significantly shorter in the groups that had a diagnosis compared with the group with no diagnosis (p=0.038), with a significant increase in diagnostic profitability if CMR was performed up to 14 days after admission (p=0.022). There were no deaths of cardiovascular etiology during the follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: CMR was fundamental as it identified the diagnosis in three out of four patients; it should be performed in the first 14 days.
Plant pathogens secrete proteins, known as effectors, that function in the apoplast or inside plant cells to promote virulence. Effector recognition by cell-surface or cytosolic receptors results in the activation of defence pathways and plant immunity. Despite their importance, our general understanding of fungal effector function and recognition by immunity receptors remains poor. One complication often associated with effectors is their high sequence diversity and lack of identifiable sequence motifs precluding prediction of structure or function. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that fungal effectors can be grouped into structural classes, despite significant sequence variation and existence across taxonomic groups. Using protein X-ray crystallography, we identify a new structural class of effectors hidden within the secreted in xylem (SIX) effectors from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). The recognised effectors Avr1 (SIX4) and Avr3 (SIX1) represent the founding members of the Fol dual-domain (FOLD) effector class, with members containing two distinct domains. Using AlphaFold2, we predicted the full SIX effector repertoire of Fol and show that SIX6 and SIX13 are also FOLD effectors, which we validated experimentally for SIX6. Based on structural prediction and comparisons, we show that FOLD effectors are present within three divisions of fungi and are expanded in pathogens and symbionts. Further structural comparisons demonstrate that Fol secretes effectors that adopt a limited number of structural folds during infection of tomato. This analysis also revealed a structural relationship between transcriptionally co-regulated effector pairs. We make use of the Avr1 structure to understand its recognition by the I receptor, which leads to disease resistance in tomato. This study represents an important advance in our understanding of Fol-tomato, and by extension plant-fungal interactions, which will assist in the development of novel control and engineering strategies to combat plant pathogens.
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor crucial in cellular defense against oxidative and electrophilic stresses. Recent research has highlighted the significance of NRF2 in normal erythropoiesis and anemia. NRF2 regulates genes involved in vital aspects of erythroid development, including hemoglobin catabolism, inflammation, and iron homeostasis in erythrocytes. Disrupted NRF2 activity has been implicated in various pathologies involving abnormal erythropoiesis. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding the mechanisms of NRF2 activation in erythropoiesis and explore the roles of NRF2 in various types of anemia. This review also discusses the potential of targeting NRF2 as a new therapeutic approach to treat anemia.
The following adverse reactions have been observed in the clinical study of LAGEVRIO that supported the EUA. The adverse reaction rates observed in these clinical trials cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Additional adverse events associated with LAGEVRIO may become apparent with more widespread use.

Overall, more than 900 subjects have been exposed to LAGEVRIO 800 mg twice daily in clinical trials. The safety assessment of LAGEVRIO is primarily based on an analysis from subjects followed through Day 29 in the Phase 3 study in non-hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 (MOVe-OUT) [see Clinical Studies (14)].

The safety of LAGEVRIO was evaluated based on an analysis of a Phase 3 double-blind trial (MOVe-OUT) in which 1,411 non-hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 were randomized and treated with LAGEVRIO (N=710) or placebo (N=701) for up to 5 days. Adverse events were those reported while subjects were on study intervention or within 14 days of study intervention completion/discontinuation.

Discontinuation of study intervention due to an adverse event occurred in 1% of subjects receiving LAGEVRIO and 3% of subjects receiving placebo. Serious adverse events occurred in 7% of subjects receiving LAGEVRIO and 10% receiving placebo; most serious adverse events were COVID-19 related. Adverse events leading to death occurred in 2 (<1%) subjects receiving LAGEVRIO and 12 (2%) of subjects receiving placebo.

The most common adverse reactions in the LAGEVRIO treatment group in MOVe-OUT are presented in Table 1, all of which were Grade 1 (mild) or Grade 2 (moderate).

Laboratory Abnormalities

Selected Grade 3 and 4 laboratory abnormalities in chemistry (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and lipase) and hematology (hemoglobin, platelets, and leukocytes) parameters all occurred at a rate of less than or equal to 2% and occurred at a similar rate across arms in MOVe-OUT.
A scSMT will be performed with the contact hand of the clinician resting lightly on the paraspinal area of the neck of the subject. The subject's head will be rotated to 45 degrees and supported by the clinician's forearm, lying on headpiece. A inferior drop thrust will be applied to the drop piece. After the first scSMT maneuver the subject will turn over on the chiropractic table to lie in the prone position for a post-scSMT PPT measurement. PPT measurements will be taken at 5-minute intervals for 30 minutes. A rcSMT will be performed 30 minutes after the first scSMT. The subject will turn over to the prone position for repeat PPT measurements in 5-minute intervals for 30 minutes post-rcSMT. Once the subject has left the treatment area the clinician will mark on the treatment card weather the scSMT was performed adequately without cavitation and whether a cavitation occurred with the rcSMT.
After measuring baseline plaque pH, the subjects rinsed for 1 minute with the sucrose solution. Plaque pH was then measured at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after the mouth rinse.
BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are a group cohort of transfusion recipients due to their low blood volume and underdeveloped hematopoietic system. The objective of this study was to probe the effect of days of age at first blood transfusion on intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very low and extremely low birth weight VLBW and ELBW infants.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data of 150 VLBW and ELBW infants receiving blood transfusions were reviewed. IVH and non-IVH groups were established. General data on infants and their mothers and data related to blood transfusion, IVH risk factors, and the predictive value of the relevant factors for IVH were analyzed.
RESULTS: The IVH group had lower birth weight, hemoglobin levels on admission, and days of age at first blood transfusion and higher 5-min Apgar score ≤7 points and early transfusion rate. Spontaneous delivery and 5-min Apgar score ≤7 points were risk factors for IVH. Birth weight and days of age at first blood transfusion had predictive value for IVH in VLBW and ELBW infants.
CONCLUSIONS: The younger the days of age at first blood transfusion, the higher the IVH risk. It is necessary to delay the days of age at first blood transfusion and reduce early blood transfusion.
NEW MATERIAL:cis- or trans-5,8,11-tetradecatrien-2-one and trans-5-cis,cis-8,11- tetradecatrien-2-one of formula A. USE:A lasting flavoring or flavor-promoting agent having the flavor suggesting the flavor of melon, algae or hay with soft and sweet greenish or fruity note. It has long durability, and can be produced easily and economically on an industrial scale. PREPARATION:The compound of formula 1 is made to react with the compound of formula 2 in the presence of e.g. a copper catalyst and EtMgBr to obtain the compound of formula 3, which is halogenated in the presence of PBlambda3 and pyridine. The obtained compound of formula 4 is made to react with the compound of formula 5 in the presence of e.g. a copper catalyst and EtMgBr to obtain the compound of formula 6, which is hydrolyzed in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain the compound of formula 7. The catalytic reduction of the compound of formula 7 in the presence of a Lindlar catalyst gives the compound of formula (A)-1 which is one of the compound of formula A.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a temp. active adhesive compsn. prescribed with a crystalline polymer. SOLUTION: This adhesive is an adhesive for medical use having adhesiveness at a temp. not lower than 37 deg.C and contains a polymer as the main component, and the polymer is composed of a unit (a) derived from an acrylic acid ester and/or a methacrylic acid ester whose ester groups contain a 14-22C crystalline linear alkyl group and a unit (b) derived from an acrylic acid ester and/or a methacrylic acid ester whose ester groups contain a non-crystalline alkyl group, and the crystalline polymer starts melting at a temp. T0 (a) and completely melts until the temp. reaches Tm=(T0+15) deg.C (b), and below T0, it shows almost no tackiness, it shows tackiness if heated from below T0 to over Tm, and shows almost no tackiness if cooled from over Tm to below T0.
Current dosing practices for immunoglobulin G (IgG) may be inadequate in extreme body weight. Total (TBW), ideal (IBW), and adjusted (AdjBW) body weight-based dosing strategies are suggested, but these recommendations are based on expert opinion rather than high quality evidence. The adoption of a specific strategy is highly variable depending on the clinician and/or institutional setting. Recently, payors have also adopted strategies to reduce IgG therapy costs of by capping doses. These recommendations are often based on the presumption that IgG distribution is limited to the vascular space. While this assertion is logical, it does not account for changes adipose tissue may confer on target sites, nor does it account for the potential for adipose tissue to function serve as a metabolic sink or a source of inflammatory mediators. The later would be especially important in patients receiving SCIG. Several observational studies have evaluated IgG dosing in obese patients and have been the source of support for dosing strategies. Many of these studies were not representative of specific populations, contained a wide variety of patients with different IgG indications, and had inadequate serum sampling. More recently, the phase III randomized controlled PATH trial did not find a correlation with serum IgG concentrations and clinical endpoints. However, it is important to note that the study was not designed to evaluate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic endpoints. There is also considerable interpatient variation in response; therefore, identification of patient characteristics that predict response or IgG change from baseline will be a useful tool to improve patient responses. Our study will evaluate the influence of body composition and other patient characteristics may have on IgG exposure when given intravenously or subcutaneously.
There are provided systems and methods for ensuring compliance with mandated pre-operative policies and procedures to prevent wrong site surgeries. In an embodiment, at least two operating room personnel perform a pre-operative assessment prior to a scheduled surgical procedure. The at least two participants to the pre-operative assessment provide some indicia of their personal identity as a form of attestation to their respective participation in the pre-operative assessment. Upon verifying the submitted indicia of personal identification information received from each of the at least two operating room personnel participants to the assessment, critical operating room lighting fixtures and critical outlets are switched from an initialized disabled state to an enabled state to permit activation by the operating room personnel to allow the procedure to run its normal course. In another embodiment, a recording device is activated prior to the start of a pre-operative assessment. At least two participants perform a pre-operative assessment while the recording device is activated. The recording device is then de-activated at the conclusion of a pre-operative assessment. Responsive to the de-activation of the recording device, operating room lighting fixtures and critical outlets are switched from a disabled state to an enabled state. Accordingly, a failsafe method is provided for ensuring strict compliance with the performance of the pre-operative assessment in a timely manner. The system and method is dependent upon a repeatable obligatory behavior that is easily implemented and can be added to existing physical infrastructure at a very low cost.