anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an urea-containing composition exhibiting high stability and good usability even if incorporated with much urea while substantially excluding water content.  <P>SOLUTION: This urea-containing composition comprises urea and one or more hydrophilic nonionic surfactants with an HLB of 8.0-20.0 and preferably including a polyglycerol fatty acid ester. The water content of the composition is ≤1.0 mass% (including 0 mass%). Preferably, the composition also contains glycerol. In the composition, at least most of the urea is solubilized. The composition is usable in the form of a stick preparation, ointment preparation, or the like.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
An Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) is a device implanted in a patient's chest to monitor the heart rhythm and deliver shocks to terminate potentially lethal arrhythmias when necessary. While ICDs reduce sudden cardiac death, patients with these devices do eventually die, either of heart failure or other chronic diseases. As a patient's disease worsens, physiologic changes (intrinsic and extrinsic to the heart) may affect the cardiac conduction system, leading to more arrhythmias and increasing the frequency of shocks. Because ICD shocks can cause pain and anxiety and may not prolong a life of acceptable quality, it is appropriate to consider ICD deactivation as a patient's clinical status worsens and death is near. However, these conversations rarely occur. The investigators propose to conduct a randomized clinical trial of a physician-centered patient counseling and support intervention to improve communication between cardiologists and patients with ICDs. The goals of the study are to determine the effectiveness of the intervention to: 1) increase conversations about ICD deactivation, 2) increase the number of patients who have their devices deactivated, and 3) improve mental health outcomes for bereaved caregivers of deceased patients. The unit of randomization is the hospital, the intervention is aimed at cardiologists, and the unit of analysis is the patient. The investigators have created a network of six academic medical centers across the country. The intervention to be delivered consists of three parts. First, the PI will conduct a workshop on communication specific to ICD-deactivation with cardiologists at the intervention centers. Second, when enrolled patients are admitted to the hospital or seen in the outpatient setting, the cardiologist will receive two reminders (one via email, one in the patient chart) that the patient is appropriate for a conversation about ICD deactivation. Finally, cardiologists will receive aggregated feedback about the number of conversations they have conducted and data on patients' satisfaction with conversations every six months. Physicians at usual care hospitals receive a didactic lecture on advance care planning. All patients and surrogates will be interviewed at baseline and then assessed at regular intervals to determine the outcomes of: 1) the prevalence of conversations about ICD deactivation as reported by the patient/surrogate; and 2) the frequency with which patients have their devices deactivated. Caregivers will continue to be interviewed at regular intervals up to 6 months after the patient dies to determine the relationship of the intervention to caregiver mental health outcomes. Given the exponential increase in the number of patients with ICDs, this intervention has the potential to improve the quality of care for thousands of patients near the end of life and their families.
Young adults diagnosed with cancer constitute a particularly vulnerable population whose medical and psychosocial needs are often overlooked. Those diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 18 and 39 face a number of increased risks including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, second cancers, and emotional distress. Despite this, only a very small percentage of cancer research has focused on the survivorship issues of young adults. The goal of the proposed research is to address some of the unmet needs among young adult cancer survivors by developing and pilot testing a physical activity intervention for this population. Physical activity was selected as the target behavior as: 1. a high percentage of young adult cancer survivors have a sedentary lifestyle and 2. research has shown that cancer survivors who increase their physical activity experience improved cardiopulmonary function, reduced fatigue, enhanced mood and superior cancer outcomes. The intervention will be based on a previously developed, theoretically-grounded, tailored Internet intervention for sedentary adults. This previously developed intervention uses components of the Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory to promote physical activity; for example, participants complete monthly questionnaires online and received tailored feedback reports addressing their self-efficacy, decisional balance and processes of change. The intervention website also includes features such as tips for exercising while caring for young children and local physical activity resources. Two key enhancements will be added to the intervention website in order to target the young adult cancer survivor population- 1. information pertinent to cancer survivors initiating an exercise program and 2. a peer-to-peer support component. Once these enhancements have been added, 10 young adult cancer survivors will evaluate the intervention and provide qualitative feedback. Additional revisions will be made to the intervention, as needed, based on this feedback. The intervention will then be pilot tested with a sample of 40 young adult cancer survivors. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (receiving 12 weeks of access to the intervention website) or a comparison group (receiving information on three cancer-specific Internet sites). Data on intervention feasibility and acceptability will be collected along with preliminary data on intervention effects (i.e., on physical activity level, mood, and fatigue). The latter will be used for effect size estimates when designing a future efficacy trial.
1522229 Oxidation dyes for hair HENKEL KG AUF AKTIEN 9 April 1976 [12 April 1975] 14482/76 Heading DIB Oxidation dyes for hair comprise a coupler and as developer at least one tri-aminoalkoxypyrimidine compound of formula in which R 1  represents a C, to C 4  alkyl group, R 2  to R 5  represent hydrogen a C, to C 4  alkyl group, a C 1  to C, hydroxyalkyl group, a phenyl or substituted phenyl group, or aralkyl group, or R 2  and R 3  and/or R 4  and R 5  together with their respective nitrogen atoms are closed to form a 5- or 6- membered heterocyclic ring which may contain further nitrogen or oxygen atoms, or an inorganic or organic salt thereof. One or more developer components may be employed the developer and coupler components preferably being in equimolar proportions. The dyes are oxidised by air or by hydrogen peroxide used as a 1% by weight solution. The dyes are used as solutions, emulsions, creams or gels which may be weakly acid, neutral or alkaline, preferably pH 8 to 10, said compositions containing from 0.2 to 5% by weight of the dyes. Known couplers are used e.g. α-naphthol, o-cresol, resorinol, m-phenylenediamine, pyrogallol, 2, 6- 2, 5- and 3, 4-dimethylphenol, m-diaminoanisole, 1 -phenyl-3-amino-5-pyrazolone.
This invention provides an oil in water type emulsion composition which contains: (a) a hydrophobic modified polyetherurethane (associative thickening agent), (b) a hydrophobic powder (e.g. a hydrophobically treated titanium dioxide etc.), (c) a dispersion agent (polyglycerin modified silicone, acrylsilicone, polyoxyalkylene modified silicone etc.), and (d) a thickening polysaccharide (succinoglycan, xanthan gum). The components (a) and (d) are combined with an outer phase (aqueous phase), and components (b) and (c) are combined with an inner phase. As a result the thickening effect which is intrinsic feature of the associative thickening agent can be produced sufficiently in an oil-in-water type emulsified composition containing a powder component, and thus an oil-in-water type emulsified composition which exhibits excellent utility and safety can be provided.
GABA-related pro-drugs of the formula (III) are provided that when administered to humans or other mammals provide an increased duration of active compound in the plasma compared to compounds of corresponding structure in which labile groups are not present. The compounds are of the formula (III)In the above formula:P represents hydrogen or methyl;Q represents a labile amine- or amide-forming organic group that becomes removed in the human or animal body;R<1 >represents straight or branched C2-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl or phenyl;R<2 >represents hydrogen or methyl; andR<3 >represents hydrogen, methyl or carboxyl; andR<4 >represents hydrogen or a labile ester-forming group selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl and phenyl groups that become removed in the human or animal body. In the above formula when R<1 >is phenyl, R<2>, R<3 >and R<4 >are not simultaneously hydrogen. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any salt-forming compound within the above class are also included. The compounds may be used to treat a range of neurological conditions, e.g. epilepsy and pain.
This invention pertains to the use of a degassed perfluorocarbon ("PFC") liquid as a method of removing gas emboli from parts of a patient's internal anatomy. Moreover, the invention can be used as a method of imaging parts of a patient's internal anatomy. Furthermore, the invention can also be used as a way of delivering biological agents to parts of a patient's internal anatomy which contain or are surrounded by gas emboli and/or which are to be imaged. In this invention, a degassed PFC liquid is delivered to a region within the patient's internal anatomy which contains gas emboli and/or which is to be imaged. If gas emboli are present, the degassed liquid is permitted to absorb at least a portion of the emboli. Thereafter, the emboli-containing liquid is removed from the patient or is used as an imaging agent. If gas emboli are not present, the cite is imaged before the degassed liquid reaches atmospheric equilibrium. Thereafter, the liquid is removed from the patient. Moreover, by mixing a biological agent with the degassed PFC liquid, the mixture can be used as a way of topically treating parts within a patient's internal anatomy. Furthermore, by regulating the temperature of the degassed liquid, it can also be used as a way of hypo- or hyperthermically treating the patient.
PURPOSE: Although the thyroid isthmus seems like a rudimentary structure that connects bilateral lobes, it is an undiscovered area that needs to be explored. Currently, the data is evolving that the increase in the risk of malignancy is higher in the isthmic nodules, and extrathyroidal extensions and lymph node metastases are more common in isthmic-derived malignant thyroid nodules. Therefore, we aimed to compare the malignancy rate of isthmic and lobar nodules, the ultrasonographic features of isthmic and lobar nodules, and presence of lymph node metastases, distant metastases, and extrathyroidal invasions in malignant isthmic nodules.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, we enrolled patients between the ages of 18-80 years, who had thyroid nodule/nodules cytology and/or pathology results from January 2009 to November 2022. 9504 nodules were selected for the analysis of US findings, cytopathology results, and malignancy rates.
RESULTS: A mean ± SD age of 55.3 ± 13.0 years with a female to male ratio of [7618 (80.2%)/1886(19.8%)] were included in the study. 962 of the nodules were at isthmic localization; whereas 8542 nodules were at lobar localization. 1188 nodules were resulted as malignant from histopathological evaluation. Of the 1188 malignant nodules, 986 nodules were (83.0%) PTC, 114 nodules (9.6%) were FTC, 55 nodules were (4.6%) MTC, 16 nodules 1.3% were Hurtle cell carcinoma, 8 nodules (0.7%) were anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, and 9 nodules (0.8%) were thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP). 156 of the malignant nodules (13.1%) were located in the isthmus, whereas the majority of the malignant nodules (n = 1032, 86.9%) were located at the lobar parts (right or left) of the thyroid. When the metastasis patterns of isthmic and lobar thyroid cancers were examined, no significant relationship was found between isthmic and lobar cancers in terms of capsule invasion (p = 0.435), muscle invasion (p = 0.294), and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.633). A significant relation was found between nodule localization (isthmus-upper-middle and lower lobes) and malignancy (p < 0.001). In our logistic regression analysis, isthmic and upper pole nodule localizations, age and TI-RADS were evaluated as independent risk factors for malignancy (p < 0.001 for all factors).
CONCLUSION: We recommend nodule localization has to be considered an additional risk factor when performing a Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy for the increased malignancy risk in this localization.
Hypercalcemia may occur during ZEMPLAR treatment. Acute hypercalcemia may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and seizures and may potentiate the effect of digitalis on the heart [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Chronic hypercalcemia can lead to generalized vascular calcification and other soft-tissue calcification. Severe hypercalcemia may require emergency attention. 

Hypercalcemia may be exacerbated by concomitant administration of high doses of calcium-containing preparations, thiazide diuretics, or other vitamin D compounds [see Drug Interactions (7)]. In addition, high intake of calcium and phosphate concomitantly with vitamin D compounds may lead to hypercalciuria and hyperphosphatemia. Patients with a history of hypercalcemia prior to initiating therapy may be at increased risk for development of hypercalcemia with ZEMPLAR. In these circumstances, frequent serum calcium monitoring and ZEMPLAR dose adjustments may be required. 

When initiating ZEMPLAR or adjusting ZEMPLAR dose, measure serum calcium frequently (e.g., twice weekly). Once a maintenance dose has been established, measure serum calcium at least monthly. If hypercalcemia occurs, reduce the dose or discontinue ZEMPLAR until serum calcium is normal [see Dosage and Administration (2.2, 2.3)]. 

Inform patients about the symptoms of elevated calcium (feeling tired, difficulty thinking clearly, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst, increased urination and weight loss) and instruct them to report new or worsening symptoms when they occur.
The gut microbiota is central to human health, and the modern, industrialized gut microbiota has been linked to numerous chronic diseases that are driven by inflammation. It is likely dietary changes in the last half-century consistent with adoption of the Western diet have had an adverse impact on the gut microbiota. A critically important next step in this field of research is to identify how different dietary interventions can potentially restore healthy features of the gut microbiota in alignment with the optimization of human health. Dietary interventions that target the microbiota and reduce inflammation may reverse or prevent chronic diseases including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. This study is designed to elicit and contrast inflammatory markers in blood with the amount of increase in microbiota diversity and related metabolic output achievable by two dietary approaches commonly available to the general population. The results could contribute to dietary recommendations for reversing the chronic disease epidemics of Westernization.
Procainamide Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of procainamide hydrochloride in water for injection. Each milliliter of the 2 mL vial contains procainamide hydrochloride 500 mg; methylparaben 1 mg and sodium metabisulfite 1.8 mg added in water for injection. Each milliliter of the 10 mL vial contains procainamide hydrochloride 100 mg; methylparaben 1 mg and sodium metabisulfite 0.8 mg added in water for injection. In both formulations, the solution may contain hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. pH 5.0 (4.0 to 6.0). Headspace nitrogen gassed. 

Procainamide Hydrochloride Injection is intended for intravenous or intramuscular administration. 

Procainamide hydrochloride, a Group 1A cardiac antiarrhythmic drug, is p-amino-N-[2-(diethylamino) ethyl] benzamide mono- hydrochloride. It has the following structural formula: 

  
M.W. 271.79 

*(locus for acetylation to N-acetyl procainamide). 

It differs from procaine which is the p-aminobenzoyl ester of 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol. Procainamide as the free base has a pKa of 9.23; the monohydrochloride is very soluble in water.
Dosing regimen: ad libitum between at least 2 doses, in the morning and in the evening, and at most 10 doses per day. A dose corresponds to two strokes of 100ul each per nostril.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula and its salt. Appearance, colorless or pale yellow oily substance; solubility, easily soluble in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and dimethyl sulfoxide and insoluble in water and hexane; specific rotation, [alpha] =-4.34 deg. (C=1.19, methanol). USE:An antitumor agent and an agent for promoting the effect of other antitumor agent by combined use. PREPARATION:A resorthiomycin-producing strain belonging to genus Streptomyces [e.g. Streptomyces collinus 45H-6 (FERM P-10753)] is inoculated in a medium containing nutrient source and cultured under aerobic condition. The objective resorthiomycin is separated from the obtained culture product.
Participants Forty children (20 boys, 20 girls) were included in the study, and their demographic information was recorded. The participants were divided, using "randomizer.org" with a simple randomization method, into two different groups: the Virtual Reality or Activity Training (control) groups.

Study Design All children were assessed at baseline and after eight weeks of treatment. The children in both groups were evaluated by the same physiotherapist who was blinded. The treatment was given by a different physiotherapist who has been working in the field of pediatric physiotherapy for ten years Interventions The participants were randomized into two groups. The first group was received conventional physiotherapy and virtual reality therapy for 60 minutes. The second group was received conventional physiotherapy and, activity training which the same movement patterns with virtual reality games for 60 minutes. Both treatments were given three times a week for eight weeks.

The conventional physiotherapy interventions, including joint and muscle mobilization, strengthening, and stretching exercises by neurodevelopmental treatment principles and special for the needs of the child, was applied to both groups. The virtual reality therapy group received that simulate daily life and contain individual scenarios by using the USE-IT system for thirty minutes. USE-IT (Most Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey) is a 2D non-immersive virtual reality system that plays games on a 50-inches touchscreen. The children played "the matching, plumber, plumber, math, and car wash games" in accordance with their reaching map results. As the system detects not only hand but also object touch the real-life materials (cloths and hoses etc.) were used to stimulate grip and sense during games. The children in the activity training group received unilateral, bilateral, and bimanual activity training that supported manual skills for thirty minutes. Similar activity patterns were presented to the virtual reality group and activity training group.
The patients in intervention group 1 dieted Coca-cola to treat gastric phytobezoars, 250ml-500ml/2 h till to sleeping time according to the health conditions and life habits. Pay more attention to the stools and assess if the bezoars had excreted. The dieting Coca-cola period is 3 days.The patients will go through an endoscopy once the Coca-cola dieting therapy is over.
Accurate determination of death is a necessary responsibility of the medical profession. Brain death, or death by neurological criteria (DNC), can be legally declared after the determination of permanent loss of clinical brain function, including the capacity for consciousness, brainstem reflexes, and the ability to breathe spontaneously. Despite longstanding debates over the exact definition of brain death or DNC and how it is determined, most middle- and high-income countries have compatible medical protocols and legal policies for brain death or DNC. This review summarizes the 2023 updated guidelines for brain death or DNC determination, which integrate adult and pediatric diagnostic criteria. We discuss the clinical challenges related to brain death or DNC determination in infants and young children. We emphasize that physicians must follow the standardized and meticulous evaluation processes outlined in these guidelines to reduce diagnostic error and ensure no false positive determinations. An essential component of the brain death or DNC evaluation is appropriate and transparent communication with families. Ongoing efforts to promote consistency and legal uniformity in the declaration of death are needed. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Sociocultural sensitivity and appropriate communication with families during the brain death or death by neurological criteria (DNC) evaluation are needed. A key component of the brain death or DNC evaluation is appropriate and transparent communication with families. Uniform international standards and consistent legal definitions for brain death or DNC declaration remain a necessary objective.
Disclosed in the present invention are a tumor-related sequence, a long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and use thereof. lncRNA GMAN is relatively highly expressed in gastric cancer, and especially, is significantly highly expressed in a sample of a gastric cancer patient, which generates distant metastasis, in M1 stage. The high expression of GMAN is significantly related to the poor prognosis of the gastric cancer patient. Studies show that GMAN plays an important role in the development of gastric cancer, GMAN being capable of significantly promoting invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Further studies show that MFR segment of GMAN is critical to the function of the GMAN. Treatment experiments using CRISPR/Cas9 show that GMAN, particularly MFR segments of GMAN, can effectively inhibit metastasis of gastric cancer, and can serve as a new strategy for clinically controlling tumor metastasis.
Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which selectively inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The anti-angiogenesis effect of apatinib has been proved in preclinical tests. Phase II study has showed an improvement of progression free survival in pretreated patients. S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine has considerable effectiveness with mild side effect in patients failed to standard treatments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential efficacy and safety of low-dose Apatinib combined with S-1 in heavily pretreated patients with advanced lung cancer. And to explore the biomarkers of antiangiogenesis therapy and the possible mechanisms of treatment resistance on the basis of next generation sequencing.