anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with heart valve diseases often have chronic cardiac insufficiency. Accumulating evidence supports a relationship between the complexity and diversity of the gut microbiota and heart failure. Bacterial colonization and translocation of their toxins to the bloodstream due to altered intestinal permeability are directly correlated with systemic inflammation. The activation of pro-inflammatory pathways and chronic inflammation was hypothesized as a major contributing factor in the pathogenicity and progression of heart failure (HF) Patients undergoing heart valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are always complicated with gastrointestinal tract ischemia-reperfusion injury, which usually leads to AGI. AGI is related to poor outcomes of critically ill patients through many underlying mechanisms. It can leads to infectious complications, multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS), and even death. On the other hand, the supply of probiotics, the good bacteria, is beneficial, despite still having a few controversial results. Therefore, it is important to carefully assess the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of AGI and other complications in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery with CPB, as well as to evaluate the safety of its use.
Because strategies for the management of overdose are continually evolving, it is advisable to contact a Poison Control Center to determine the latest recommendations for the management of an overdose of any drug.

There have been no reports of overdosage with TREXIMET. Since sumatriptan and naproxen have pharmacologically different actions, it is difficult to predict how an individual will respond to an overdosage with TREXIMET.

Patients (N = 670) have received single oral doses of 140 to 300 mg of sumatriptan without significant adverse effects. Volunteers (N = 174) have received single oral doses of 140 to 400 mg without serious adverse events. Overdose of sumatriptan in animals has been fatal and has been heralded by convulsions, tremor, paralysis, inactivity, ptosis, erythema of the extremities, abnormal respiration, cyanosis, ataxia, mydriasis, salivation, and lacrimation.

Significant naproxen overdosage may be characterized by lethargy, dizziness, drowsiness, epigastric pain, abdominal discomfort, heartburn, indigestion, nausea, transient alterations in liver function, hypoprothrombinemia, renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis, apnea, disorientation, or vomiting. Gastrointestinal bleeding can occur. Hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma may occur, but are rare. Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported with therapeutic ingestion of NSAIDs, and may occur following an overdose. Because naproxen sodium may be rapidly absorbed, high and early blood levels should be anticipated. A few patients have experienced seizures, but it is not clear whether or not these were drug related. It is not known what dose of the drug would be life threatening.

In animals 0.5 g/kg of activated charcoal was effective in reducing plasma levels of naproxen. Patients should be managed by symptomatic and supportive care. There are no specific antidotes. Hemodialysis does not decrease the plasma concentration of naproxen because of the high degree of its protein binding. It is unknown what effect hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis has on the serum concentrations of sumatriptan. Emesis and/or activated charcoal (60 to 100 g in adults, 1 to 2 g/kg in children) and/or osmotic cathartic may be indicated in patients seen within 4 hours of ingestion with symptoms or following a large overdose. Forced diuresis, alkalinization of urine, or hemoperfusion may not be useful due to high protein binding.
An indole compound of formula (I); where: R1 is H, halogen or cyano; R2 and R3 are independently H, alkyl or halogen; R4 is H or alkyl; Ring A is cyanophenyl, aminosulfonylphenyl, aminopyridyl, aminopyrimidyl, halopyridyl or cyanothiophenyl; Provided that the following are excluded: i) The compound where R1=R2=R3=H. ii) The compound where R2=R3=H. iii) The compound where ring A is aminosulfonyl and R1=R2=halogen. iv) The compound where ring A is cyanophenyl, 2-amino-5- pyridyl or 2-halo-5-pyridyl, R1 is cyano or halogen and R2=R3=H. Also described is an antiangiogenic agent which comprises the compound of formula (I). The compounds of formula (I) are useful as preventative or therapeutic agents for diseases against which an antiangiogenic agent is effective for prevention or therapy thereof.
BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced brain injury is a neurological condition resulting from radiotherapy for malignant tumors, with its underlying pathogenesis still not fully understood. Current hypotheses suggest that immune cells, particularly the excessive activation of microglia in the central nervous system and the migration of peripheral immune cells into the brain, play a critical role in initiating and progressing the injury. This review aimed to summarize the latest advances in the cellular and molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of microglia in radiation-induced brain injury.
METHODS: This article critically examines recent developments in understanding the role of microglia activation in radiation-induced brain injury. It elucidates associated mechanisms and explores novel research pathways and therapeutic options for managing this condition.
RESULTS: Post-irradiation, activated microglia release numerous inflammatory factors, exacerbating neuroinflammation and facilitating the onset and progression of radiation-induced damage. Therefore, controlling microglial activation and suppressing the secretion of related inflammatory factors is crucial for preventing radiation-induced brain injury. While microglial activation is a primary factor in neuroinflammation, the precise mechanisms by which radiation prompts this activation remain elusive. Multiple signaling pathways likely contribute to microglial activation and the progression of radiation-induced brain injury.
CONCLUSIONS: The intricate microenvironment and molecular mechanisms associated with radiation-induced brain injury underscore the crucial roles of immune cells in its onset and progression. By investigating the interplay among microglia, neurons, astrocytes, and peripheral immune cells, potential strategies emerge to mitigate microglial activation, reduce the release of inflammatory agents, and impede the entry of peripheral immune cells into the brain.
Carcinogenicity studies with budesonide were conducted in rats and mice. In a two-year study in Sprague-Dawley rats, budesonide caused a statistically significant increase in the incidence of gliomas in male rats at an oral dose of 50 mcg/kg (approximately 0.05 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). In addition, there were increased incidences of primary hepatocellular tumors in male rats at 25 mcg/kg (approximately 0.023 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis) and above. No tumorigenicity was seen in female rats at oral doses up to 50 mcg/kg (approximately 0.05 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). In an additional two-year study in male Sprague-Dawley rats, budesonide caused no gliomas at an oral dose of 50 mcg/kg (approximately 0.05 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). However, it caused a statistically significant increase in the incidence of hepatocellular tumors at an oral dose of 50 mcg/kg (approximately 0.05 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). The concurrent reference corticosteroids (prednisolone and triamcinolone acetonide) showed similar findings. In a 91-week study in mice, budesonide caused no treatment-related carcinogenicity at oral doses up to 200 mcg/kg (approximately 0.1 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis).

Budesonide was not genotoxic in the Ames test, the mouse lymphoma cell forward gene mutation (TK +/-) test, the human lymphocyte chromosome aberration test, the Drosophila melanogaster sex-linked recessive lethality test, the rat hepatocyte UDS test and the mouse micronucleus test.

In rats, budesonide had no effect on fertility at subcutaneous doses up to 80 mcg/kg (approximately 0.07 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). However, it caused a decrease in prenatal viability and viability in pups at birth and during lactation, along with a decrease in maternal body-weight gain, at subcutaneous doses of 20 mcg/kg (approximately 0.02 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis) and above. No such effects were noted at 5 mcg/kg (approximately 0.005 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis).
Sustained release formulation containing tacrolimus or its hydrate is provided. The time (T63.2%) required for 63.2% of the maximum amount of tacrolimus or its hydrate to be dissolved is 0.7 to 15 hours. The time is measured in accordance to the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the 13-th edition, Dissolution Test, No. 2 (Puddle method, 50 rpm) using an aqueous 0.005% hydroxypropyl cellulose solution. This aqueous test solution is adjusted to pH 4.5, accordingly. The formulation further comprise a solid base which is a water-soluble polymer and/or wax. The formulation is in the form of a powder, fine powder, granule, tablet or capsule. Furthermore, the formulation is administered to a patient once a day for preventing organ or tissue rejection by transplantation or autoimmune diseases.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and effectively obtain hair care effects and hair growth effects, maintain hair and make the hair healthy by caring for the hair and scalp according to a specific method. SOLUTION: A treatment is applied to hair, which is then warmed. A cleansing agent is further applied to the scalp to carry out massage. A hair growth agent is applied to the scalp to perform the massage of the scalp. For example, the moisture is preferably lightly removed after washing the hair and the treatment (e.g. the one comprising large amounts of seaweed ingredients rich in amino acids and minerals) is preferably applied to the hair. The hair is then preferably subjected to a warming treatment at 70-130 deg.C and a cleansing agent is then preferably applied to carry out the massage. After washing away the cleansing agent, a hair growth agent (e.g. preferably the one prepared by formulating a dialkylmonoamine derivative or D-pantothenyl alcohol) is preferably applied to perform the massage.
This study is designed to be conducted within the context of a patient's standard/usual/typical care from their primary gynecologic care provider. We hypothesize that, compared to COCs, the LNG-IUS will be more effective at improving bleeding-related quality of life at 6 months and one year. To test this hypothesis, we plan to enroll 59 women from several sites who present for gynecologic care and self-report heavy menstrual bleeding into a RCT comparing LNG-IUS to COCs. The eligible study population includes women with heavy menstrual bleeding secondary to ovulatory disorders (AUB-O) or endometrial hemostatic disorders (AUB-E). Women meeting study eligibility will be randomized to receive LNG-IUS or COCs. Main study outcomes will be obtained at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.
Schools in the intervention group will receive the UNICEF/Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)-supported WinS programme that includes a new water supply, 3 latrines (boys, girls, handicapped), and handwashing facilities. It will also include behavior change education.
Patients receive recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin subcutaneously three times weekly. Treatment continues weekly for 90 days in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the impact of environmental exposures on mortality risk after a myocardial infarction (MI).
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate associations of long-term temperature, air pollution and greenness exposures with mortality among survivors of an MI.
METHODS: We used data from the US-based Nurses' Health Study to construct an open cohort of survivors of a nonfatal MI 1990-2017. Participants entered the cohort when they had a nonfatal MI, and were followed until death, loss to follow-up, end of follow-up, or they reached 80 years old, whichever came earliest. We assessed residential 12-month moving average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), satellite-based annual average greenness (in a circular 1230 m buffer), summer average temperature and winter average temperature. We used Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounders to assess hazard ratios (HR and 95% confidence intervals). We also assessed potential effect modification.
RESULTS: Among 2262 survivors of a nonfatal MI, we observed 892 deaths during 19,216 person years of follow-up. In single-exposure models, we observed a HR (95%CI) of 1.20 (1.04, 1.37) per 10 ppb NO2 increase and suggestive positive associations were observed for PM2.5, lower greenness, warmer summer average temperature and colder winter average temperature. In multi-exposure models, associations of summer and winter average temperature remained stable, while associations of NO2, PM2.5 and greenness attenuated. The strength of some associations was modified by other exposures. For example, associations of greenness (HR = 0.88 (0.78, 0.98) per 0.1) were more pronounced for participants in areas with a lower winter average temperature.
CONCLUSION: We observed associations of air pollution, greenness and temperature with mortality among MI survivors. Some associations were confounded or modified by other exposures, indicating that it is important to explore the combined impact of environmental exposures.
PURPOSE: A bone tissue regeneration guiding barrier membrane is provided to prevent the gingival epithelium around the barrier membrane from penetrating into a graft site using a non-absorbing film, and to maintain the enough space until the regeneration of the bone tissue. CONSTITUTION: A bone tissue regeneration guiding barrier membrane includes a non-absorbing film (410) and an absorbing film which are cross-laminated and combined. The non-absorbing film and the absorbing film are combined by a biodegradable medical adhesive to form a laminated structure. The biodegradable medical adhesive is selected from a cyanoacrylate adhesive, fiblin glue, gelatin glue, a polyurethane based adhesive, marine bio-binding agent bone cement and fibrinogen. The non-absorbing film includes plural through-holes. The non-absorbing film and the absorbing film are combined to each other using biodegradable silk.
Training will be held in groups of up to five participants. All of the participants within this group will receive up to 6 days (20m/d) of meditation training to be administered over 15 days. This is a paradigm similar to one employed in previous studies.
The principle of the nerve stimulation technique consists of using a battery powered peripheral nerve stimulator to generate electrical stimuli through an insulated needle at appropriate anatomical locations. The electrical impulses then trigger depolarization as insulated needle approaches the target nerve bundles. Braun Stimuplex, a common nerve stimulator used for peripheral nerve localization, is currently being used in the United States and other countries. Previous studies have suggested it to be a reliable stimulator for the purpose of peripheral nerve blocks. The operational manual however indicated that this device should not be used in patients with cardiac pacemaker because malfunction of the pacemaker may occur. Literature search on the topic of pacemaker interference from peripheral nerve stimulator showed that there was one case of pacemaker interference caused by activation of a nerve stimulator, resulting in cardiac arrest in a patient with a fixed-rate ventricular pacemaker. Studies and case reports suggest that unipolar electrode seems to be most susceptible to interferences from electrosurgical equipment, TENS unit, spinal cord stimulators. Perhaps this is the reason why the manufacturer of the peripheral nerve stimulator recommends against the use of peripheral nerve stimulator in patients with pacemakers. With the advancements of modern pacemakers technology, it is our experience; interscalene nerve blocks and other peripheral nerve blocks using the nerve stimulator can be performed in patients with pacemakers without notable interferences with pacemaker functions and perhaps the initial recommendation by the peripheral nerve stimulator manufacturer can be modified. In this prospective pilot study, we proposed to evaluate the effects of left interscalene stimulation (most likely scenario to interfere with pacemaker function) by varying the configurations of the pacemaker leads (unipolar vs. bipolar pacer lead configuration) and by varying the positions of the positive electrode of the stimulator.
Limited overdosage experience is available. Acute overdosages of up to 30 times the intended dose have been reported. Almost all cases have been asymptomatic and all patients recovered with no sequelae. Occasionally, acute overdosage has been followed by adverse reactions consistent with those listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section except in one case where transient urticaria and lethargy were observed. Based on the poor aqueous solubility and extensive erythrocyte and plasma protein binding, it is anticipated that tacrolimus is not dialyzable to any significant extent; there is no experience with charcoal hemoperfusion. The oral use of activated charcoal has been reported in treating acute overdoses, but experience has not been sufficient to warrant recommending its use. General supportive measures and treatment of specific symptoms should be followed in all cases of overdosage.

In acute oral and IV toxicity studies, mortalities were seen at or above the following doses: in adult rats, 52X the recommended human oral dose; in immature rats, 16X the recommended oral dose; and in adult rats, 16X the recommended human IV dose (all based on body surface area corrections).
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing globally in pediatric populations. Currently, MASLD management primarily relies on lifestyle interventions, which pose challenges in sustaining long-term weight loss. This study investigated the use of weight loss medications in MASLD care through an international survey of 166 pediatric gastroenterologists and hepatologists. The results indicated a notable interest in weight loss medications, with 38% of practitioners considering or using them, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. However, the survey also revealed a tendency among clinicians to refer patients to specialists, emphasizing the potential gap between acknowledgment and prescription practices. Challenges include the lack of guidelines and uncertainty regarding side effects. The study highlights a pressing need for education, with over 90% of the respondents expressing an interest. Our study highlights the current management of MASLD, the potential role of pharmacotherapy, and highlights avenues for improved care and education in this dynamic field.
Patients receive selenomethionine PO twice daily in week 1 and then once daily in weeks 2-11. Patients also receive cisplatin and undergo radiotherapy as in arm I.
1309039 Amplifying factor of cortisone induction OHUGAI SEIYAKU KK 15 Sept 1971 [19 Sept 1970] 43071/71 Heading A5B An amplifying factor of enzyme induction by cortisone is derived from a microorganism of the family Enterobacteriaceae and is characterized by the following properties: (a) pale yellow colour and hygroscopic, (b) soluble in water to give a yellow solution and gives positive ninhydrin, Folin-Ciocalteu and cystein-sulphuric acid reactions, (c) U.V. and I.R. spectro as in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, U.V., absorption at 263 mÁ in water and I.R. absorption at 3,300, 1,650, 1,530, 1,390, 1,040 and 830 cm<SP>-1</SP> by KBr disc method, (d) undergoes decomposition in two stages and (e) M.W. by dextran gel method between 1,357 and 13,000. The microorganism may be of the genus Escherichia Aerobacter, Klebsiella, Paracolobactrum, Alginobacter, Erwinia, Serratia, Salmonella, Proteus or Shigella, e.g. Escherichia Coli, Erwinea aroideae, Erwinia carotovora, Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus morganii, and Aerobacter aerogenes. The factor may be produced by culturing the microorganism in an aqueous nutrient containing a source of carbon, nitrogen and in-  organic salts. The culture broth may be filtered or centrifuged, the insoluble residue extracted with water or saline and the extract added to the soluble part of the culture. The solution so formed may be deproteinized by treatment with perchloric or trichloroacetic acid, absorbed on activated carbon under acidic conditions, and eluted with a KoH/acetone mixture, the eluate neutralized, concentrated and fractionated by column chromatography on dextran gel and fractions collected which have tyrosine transaminase inducing activity.
In Part B, HCV GT1-infected NC participants will take 2 FDC tablets containing UPR 225 mg + GZR 50 mg + RZR 30 mg per tablet q.d. by mouth for 12 weeks.
In this study, the investigators plan to enroll patients of different types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, perioperative diabetes mellitus, pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus (after total pancreatectomy) and diabetes patients in perioperative period，each type of diabetes patients were divided into three groups according to the time (7days, 14days and 28days) reaching the target blood glucose. Those patients are educated to record blood glucose and frequency of hypoglycemia during the study period. After achieving goal blood glucose, follow-up will continue one week to evaluate whether the blood glucose reached our goal and adjust the insulin pump parameter if necessary. The investigators plan to apply continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) for each patient during follow up. The investigators aim to explore the best time to reach goal blood glucose considering frequency of hypoglycemia, economic factors, insulin pump parameters at the end of study and the final insulin pump parameters at the end of follow up. The investigators aim to enroll patients with six different types diabetes because those patients have different insulin secretion pattern, which induced to different mode of CSII. The investigators set the goal fasting blood glucose at 4-6mmol/L and the goal postprandial blood glucose at 6-8mmol/L. The blood glucose of hypoglycemia was lower than 3.9mmol/L.