anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Treatment options for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are numerous but adherence remains a key challenge. We performed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) of patients' preferences in accessing care for the management of COPD. The aim of this study was to understand patients' preferences for modes of accessing care for the management of COPD. This piece of work was then used to inform resource allocation decisions in five integrated care systems (ICSs) in England.
METHODS: People with diagnosed COPD in five ICSs were invited to complete an online survey from August to September 2022. An experimental design built on the principles of minimal overlap, level balance and orthogonality was used to create 20 sets of 11 scenarios for participants to assess. Participants were presented with three hypothetical options and asked to select their most preferred or state that none was preferred. Data were analysed using a hierarchal Bayes algorithm.
RESULTS: Of 82 639 patients with COPD in the study area, 520 completed the survey. The mean health-related quality of life score derived using EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level was 0.57 (0.29). The attributes assigned greatest importance were treatment outcomes, treatment delivery and the type of staff who deliver treatment. Mean utility level scores were substantially higher for little relief (22.75 (SD 78.80)) or some relief from symptoms (20.67 (46.77)) than for complete relief (‒43.42 (83.03)). Of the treatment delivery options, in-person individual appointments were preferred (mean utility score 48.34 (SD 48.14)), and care being provided by healthcare professionals was viewed as very important (77.50 (64.39)).
CONCLUSIONS: The DCE approach can help resource allocation decisions by indicating attributes most important to patients and trade-offs they are willing to make in treatment access and delivery.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction. Despite advances in understanding its pathology, sepsis remains a global health concern and remains a major contributor to mortality. Timely identification is crucial for improving clinical outcomes, as delayed treatment significantly impacts survival. Accordingly, biomarkers play a pivotal role in diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. This review comprehensively discusses various biomarkers in sepsis and their potential application in antimicrobial stewardship and risk assessment. Biomarkers such as white blood cell count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, presepsin, and procalcitonin have been extensively studied for their diagnostic and prognostic value as well as in guiding antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, this review explores the role of biomarkers in risk stratification, emphasizing the importance of identifying high-risk patients who may benefit from specific therapeutic interventions. Moreover, the review discusses the emerging field of transcriptional diagnostics and metagenomic sequencing. Advances in sequencing have enabled the identification of host response signatures and microbial genomes, offering insight into disease pathology and aiding species identification. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and future directions of biomarker-based approaches in sepsis diagnosis, management, and personalized therapy.
The invention relates to a three-substance emergency pill integrated novel dosage form preparation technology and a production method thereof. The three-substance emergency pill integrated novel dosage form contains the following raw materials by weight portions: 30 portions of rhubarb, 30 portions of croton and 30 portions of ginger. The production process includes the following steps of pulverization by ultrasonic airflow, extraction by alcohol water, pulverization and extraction by ultrasonic wave, concentration by decocting, drying by ultrasonic sprayer, nanometer grinding, high-pressure homogenization, nano-grain preparation and the like. The preparation technology has the advantages of nanometer carrier coupling technique such as multiple cooperation, multiple targets and the like. After the mass production is realized, the production cost can be greatly reduced, the product quality can be greatly improved, and the targeting and the slow release property of the medicine are stronger. The pill can be taken orally or used externally and can be taken in four periods of time according to the midnight-noon ebb-flow and the blood circulation principle of the human body. The medicine also can be prepared into a membrane form and a transdermal agent to be respectively adhered onto different parts of the human body according to the midnight-noon ebb-flow and the blood circulation principle of the human body and can be directly absorbed by the skin.
The overall objective of the transdisciplinary team of Human Immunology Virus (HIV) and Tobacco funded researchers is to test if tailoring nicotine replacement doses to temper these excessive levels will enhance the efficacy of the intervention. This will be accomplished by assessing: 1) pre-trial plasma levels, 2) doing genotyping, which to researchers knowledge has not been used in cessation studies among people living with HIV (PLWH), and 3) providing tailored feedback to the participants, based on the assumption that the higher the knowledge and perception of risk, the higher the interest in modifying a risky behavior(s). To test researchers proposed model based in proven smoking prevention and control methods 600 PLWH ready to quit smokers will be enrolled in a double-blind randomized clinical trial intent-to-treat design, comparing a standard well-validated brief smoking intervention, that following national guidelines will consist on brief advice + nicotine replacement therapy, versus the tailored one (brief smoking intervention + personalized doses of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). The primary outcome for this study will be rates of smoking cessation, point prevalence abstinence (prior 7 and prior 30 days), and verified continuous abstinence 3-, 6-, and 12-months post scheduled quit day. The knowledge gained here has the potential to provide a more complete bio-behavioral model to the intervention field. The proposed study if successful will provide a new tailored, replicable, and manual-based intervention for people living with HIV. It can also provide much need it information in regards to key mediators and moderators of smoking cessation interventions in this vulnerable population. Researchers long term goal is to reduce the burden of one of the most devastating causes of morbi-mortality in researchers time and improve their quality of life. The study could also pave the path to use a similar model to tailor smoking interventions for other populations (e.g., menthol users, older women, adolescents, older adults).
In this arm, participants will take a 5-day course of placebo-control pills and then a 5-day course of 200 mg of minocycline. Sessions will be separated by a minimum washout period of 14 days.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled composition having excellent affinity to living tissue and useful as a dental cement and backing agent, by preparing tricalcium alpha-phosphate powder optionally added with specific amount of the oxide of Zn, Al, etc., and kneading the powder with an aqueous solution containing tannic acid, etc. CONSTITUTION:Calcium alpha-pyrophosphate is mixed with equimolar amount of CaCO3 heated at 1,200 deg.C for 1hr, and quenched to obtain tricalcium alpha-phosphate used as the principal component. The component is added optionally with 0- 13wt% oxide of Zn, Al and/or Mg, calcined at <=1,200 deg.C for 1hr, and pulverized to pass through a 1,500 mesh sieve. The obtained powder is kneaded with an aqueous solution containing one or more compounds slected from tannin, sodium monochlorophosphate, NaCl, and a sodium salt of organic acid. EFFECT:A composition curable in a short time (i.e. within 5-15min) can be produced without using a polyfunctional acrylate compound having various problems.
Metformin will be administered as pills to be taken orally with an initial dose of 850 mg on the first day; the dose will be increased to 850 mg every 12 hours and 850mg every 8 hours respectively on the second day and then on the days to follow up to the morning of the surgery. Metformin will be discontinued on the day of surgery and will be restarted immediately after surgery.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve medicine solubility, reservability, portability and productivity by combining a porous chemical holder holding a medicine using a surfectant and/or a moisture retaining agent with an oral cavity medicine as essential components and a water-proof container. SOLUTION: A water-proof container 2 and a porous medicine holder 3 are combined to form a quick soluble disposal oral cavity material 1. The porous medicine holder 3 holds a medicine using a surfectant and/or a moisture retaining agent and an oral cavity medicine as essential components. The medicine holder 3 is formed by storing a medicine 4 in a paper-made small porous bag 30 and a thread-like body 31 is mounted thereto. In use, the porous small bag 30 is thrown in the water-proof container 2 and water is poured in the container. The porous small bag 30 is swung vertically and horizontally in the water with the thread-like member 31 held to elute the medicine 4. This is used for rinsing or the like depending on the kind of the oral cavity medicine. Thus, medicine solubility, convenience and handling efficiency can be improved.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject anti-neoplastic agent having a improved drug efficacy especially against drug tolerance cancer cells by blending a specified compound with an anticancer agent. CONSTITUTION:An anticancer agent and a compound of the formula (R is CH3 or CH2CH3) as the active component are mixed and the resultant mixture is subjected to the conventional preparations to obtain the objective drug. As the above-mentioned anticancer agent, an antibiotic (e.g. adriamycin), an alkaloid (e.g. vincristine), an alkylating agent (e.g. cyclophosphamide), an antimetabolite (e.g. methotrexate), etc., are exemplified. The subject agent can be subjected to preparation in forms such as tablet, granule, subtilized granule, powder, syrup, elixir, capsule or injection. The compound of the formula is administrated in an amount of 4mg-2g/kg/day. The dose is 1.0mg-2g/kg/day and 4mg-1g/kg/day in case of oral administration and in case of parenteral administration respectively.
A cover plate for use in lyophilization processes is provided. The cover plate includes a base portion and a plurality of protuberances which project from the base portion. The protuberances are adapted to fit in one or more delivery containers, such as syringe barrels. The cover plate permits the escape of vapor from the one or more delivery containers during a lyophilization process. In addition, the cover plate prevents the escape of lyophilizate from the one or more delivery containers during a lyophilization process. Vent features provided to provide enhanced and preferred venting operations during lyophilization processes.
The investigators propose to study the rate of remission at 15-month follow-up and time to achieve remission of index episode in a multicentric randomized controlled trial using ENVIE program and treatment as usual versus treatment as usual only. The investigators will include depressed subjects suffering from non a first depressive episode as well as recurrent episode.The eligible patients will be randomized into two groups (computer-generated randomisation in a 1 :1 ratio, blocked in groups of 4, stratified on the number of episodes : 1 , 2 , 3 and more). Only outpatients consulting in the investigation centres will be recruited. Sociodemographic data, psychiatric diagnoses using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) and Screening Interview for Axis II Disorder (SCID-II) for borderline personality disorder, pharmacological treatment will be also recorded. Patients will be assessed by clinicians blind to treatment allocation, at inclusion (before intervention) and at 3 months (end of the intervention), 6, 9 and 15 months after the inclusion.
Active vitamin D analogs have been the mainstay of treatment for patients on hemodialysis with mineral and bone disease (MBD) for the past decade. Intravenous calcitriol is an active vitamin D analog which is nearly identical to natural 1, 25 Vitamin D3. Calcitriol results from the hydroxylation of previtamin D3 in the liver and kidney. Paricalcitol, 19-nor-1 , 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, is a newer agent vitamin D analog. This agent is believed to have an effect more specific to the parathyroid gland, and less specific to absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the gut. Although both formulations appear equally effective in suppressing parathyroid hormone (PTH), studies have suggested a greater calcemic effect with intravenous calcitriol as compared to paricalcitol (1). Due to this, paricalcitol is the predominant active vitamin D analog used in hemodialysis patients in the United States. Two recent changes in the management of hemodialysis patients will likely reduce the amount of active vitamin D analogs used in the near future: the liberalization of PTH goals according to international guidelines, (2) and the implementation of bundled payments for dialysis by Medicare. These changes challenge previous studies that have analyzed the safety and efficacy of these medications. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, cross-over study will be to determine whether calcitriol is as safe and effective as paricalcitol in the treatment of MBD in hemodialysis patients using the revised KDIGO parathyroid hormone targets. Our hypothesis is that calcitriol will be as equally safe and effective as paricalcitol in the treatment of MBD in hemodialysis patients.
STD-associated questions and symptoms are submitted frequently to general practitioners and STD outpatient-clinics. In this teaching article we address several important clinical questions regarding epidemiology, risk assessment, testing policy, diagnostics and prevention. STD's form a separate category of infectious diseases because of the role of sexuality. Good communication about sexual behavior is indispensable for an adequate diagnosis. We discuss the recognition of extragenital manifestations of STD, which requires alertness. Estimating the STD-risk based on sexual behaviour is essential for testing policy. Persons at high risk are tested for gonorrhoea, syphilis, hiv and hepatitis B. In other cases testing is based on symptoms and complaints. HIV and syphilis are serious std's. Early detection followed by treatment is important in preventing health damage and preventing further spread. Hiv-indicator-conditions are useful alarm-signs for this purpose. PrEP can help not to acquire hiv and increases sexual health. It can be prescribed by gp's and public health clinicians. But condom-use remains crucial in prevention.
Literature suggests that profound hearing-impaired people have poor access to health care directly related to communication difficulties. A lack of knowledge regarding health and healthy dietary patterns has been documented. Several associations between chronic diseases such as obesity, CVD, hyperlipidemia etc., and hearing impairments have been established. There is a gap in the literature for studies that use Saudi-sign language-tailored programs in patient health and nutrition education.

This project aims to create a Saudi-sign language general nutritional education program and then test its effectiveness in enhancing the nutritional status and knowledge of Saudis with profound hearing impairments.

Methods: The study will be divided into two phases. The first phase will cultural adaptation and translation of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ) which will be used in the intervention study. In this phase, the forward-backwards technique will be followed, for internal consistency will be used Cronbach's alpha. A Saudi-sign language general nutritional education program will be created from accredible source for content appropriateness. For the second phase, the interventional study, the participants will be randomly selected and allocated to either the control or the experimental group. The efficacy of the Saudi-sign language general nutrition education program to enhance the knowledge and nutrition health of Saudi adults with profound hearing impairment will be compared to a control group. A small group counselling will be delivered to the experimental group using pictures, animated films, models, and Saudi-sign language translations supplied by a sign language interpreter in the videos and person during sessions. The same video will be used to create PowerPoint with nutritional education information for the control group in Arabic. Anthropometric data, body composition, a 3-day food diary, and the GNKQ will all be gathered at baseline and twelve weeks later.
In the first funding phase the project AQAH ("Ambulantes Qualitätsmanagement alkoholbezogener Störungen in der hausärztlichen Praxis"-"comprehensive quality management for alcohol-related disorders in primary care") systematically investigated three issues: (1) the outpatient care system and evidence-base for screening, diagnosis and treatment was examined; it developed (2) a comprehensive quality management system (CQM) consisting of documentation material, a pathway of care and evidence-based practice guidelines; (3) the effects of the CQM on the detection and treatment of alcohol-related disorders were investigated in a randomized controlled pre-post design and the results show positive effects of the CQM. In the second funding phase (a 3 year bi-center project) the purpose is now to disseminate and transfer the CQM into routine care. The two steps are (1) to optimize the CQM approach and (2) to investigate the dissemination and transfer into routine care in a randomized trial. (1) The paper-based AQAH-practice guidelines are transformed into an interactive electronic version with online patient documentation and evaluation, decision support measures as well as links to specialists and an e-learning tool. (2) After pilot testing in the AQAH-study-networks, an active transfer to the greater regions of Südbaden and Südwürttemberg will be performed in a parallel group cluster randomized controlled trial with GP practices as unit of randomization. Outcome data will be collected concerning the acceptance of the system and the quality of care delivered.

Comparison(s): (1) Use of the interactive electronic version of the CQM for alcohol-related disorders with a special training for general practitioners, compared to (2) use of the CQM with additional education for the whole practice team and organizational re-structuring advice, compared to (3) a control group who uses the CMQ without any special training.
The purpose of this patient registry is to collect information about a patient's cancer treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT), used alone or in combination with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients will be registered either before or after PDT is performed, regardless of the indication. Analysis of this information may help to refine the treatment care. Data collected in the registry includes patient characteristics/demographics, disease characteristics, treatment details (photodynamic therapy, radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, etc.), side effects, and survival outcomes. By participating in this registry, patients will not be asked to do anything that would not ordinarily be done as a matter of routine care including clinical assessments, laboratory tests, radiology procedures, and treatments. Information on disease, condition, and treatment will be recorded in the registry during routine visits.
The invention discloses an oral liquid for refreshing, promoting digestion and enriching the blood and raw materials includes coffee beans, Chinese date, medicinal glue, fructus cardamomi and semen amomi. The oral liquid of the invention is prepared by a conventional method. The oral liquid for refreshing, promoting digestion and enriching the blood of the invention is a nature plant (coffee beans) and pure Chinese medicine (medicinal glue, Chinese date, fructus cardamomi and semen amomi) preparations which are no innocuity, and have obvious function of stimulating spirits. Detrimental effect of ferri consumption in the human body caused by coffee can be compensated by the effect on enriching the blood of medicinal glue and Chinese date of the oral liquid. The irritant action of the coffee beans to the stomach can be eliminated by the effects on strengthening the stomach and regulating vital energy of the fructus cardamomi and the semen amomi. The oral liquid of the invention has reasonable combination of raw materials, simple preparation method, low cost and convenient taking, and is the ideal oral liquid for refreshing, promoting digestion and enriching the blood.
BACKGROUND: Hypospadias was ranked second after undescended testis as the most prevalent congenital abnormality in newborn males. Hypospadias can be successfully repaired through multiple surgeries in the majority of children. Postoperative complications were not rarely seen after surgeries, such as urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF), meatal stenosis, and glans breakdown. Tissue sealant application in hypospadias repair serves as additional suture line coverage and reduces the post surgery complications. However, the effects of sealants usage during urethroplasty are still uncertain. This review aimed to know the effects of tissue sealant usage on patients with hypospadias who undergo urethroplasty.
METHODS: The study was reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature was searched on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted on October 12th, 2021, using the search term ("glue" OR "sealants" OR "tissue glue" OR "tissue sealant" OR "tissue adhesive") AND ("hypospadias" OR "urethrocutaneous fistula" OR "urethral repair" OR "urethroplasty" OR "hypospadiology").
RESULT: Systematic searching from all databases resulted in 160 potential articles. After a full-text review, eight articles were included in this study. Urethrocytaneous fistula complication was reported in all studies. The occurrence of complication reported by all studies was urethrocutaneous fistula. Several studies also reported tissue edema and flap-related complications. Tissue sealant had no significant effect in reducing meatal stenosis.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review revealed additional benefits from several types of tissue sealant in hypospadias repair surgery. Fibrin sealant application over the urethroplasty suture line in hypospadias repair offers a water-proof coverage and may enhance the outcome from the surgery.