anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endomorphins have shown great promise as pharmaceutics for the treatment of pain. We have previously confirmed that novel endomorphin analogues CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 behaved as potent μ agonists and displayed potent antinociceptive activities at the supraspinal and peripheral levels. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive properties of CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 following intrathecal (i.t.) administration. Furthermore, their antinociceptive tolerance and opioid-like side effects were also determined.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The spinal antinociceptive effects of CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 were determined in a series of pain models, including acute radiant heat paw withdrawal test, spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain, complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain, visceral pain and formalin pain. Antinociceptive tolerance was evaluated in radiant heat paw withdrawal test.
KEY RESULTS: Spinal administration of CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 produced potent and prolonged antinociceptive effects in acute pain. CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 may produce their antinociception through distinct μ receptor subtypes. These two analogues also exhibited significant analgesic activities in neuropathic, inflammatory, visceral and formalin pain at the spinal level. It is noteworthy that CEMR-1 showed non-tolerance-forming analgesic properties, while CEMR-2 exhibited substantially reduced antinociceptive tolerance. Furthermore, both analogues displayed no or reduced side effects on conditioned place preference response, physical dependence, locomotor activity and gastrointestinal transit.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The present investigation demonstrated that CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 displayed potent and long-lasting antinociception with a favourable side effect profile at the spinal level. Therefore, CEMR-1 and CEMR-2 might serve as promising analgesic compounds with minimal opioid-like side effects.
The neurocognitive manifestations of HIV/AIDS have long been recognized as important for the management, survival, and quality of life of affected patients and their families. Following the advent of Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) the incidence of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) has fallen, but the prevalence of the milder forms of HIV-related cognitive disorders has risen. This is important because alterations in cognitive function can have significant impact on work and social activities, mood, and perceived quality of life. To date, pharmacological management of HIV-associated cognitive disorders - apart from HAART - have met with limited success (e.g., Peptide T, Ritalin). Therefore, it appears reasonable to ask whether the use of non-pharmacological tools might help alleviate or ameliorate the symptoms of the milder forms of cognitive impairment, and thus improve mood and activities of daily living. The purpose of this application is to request funds to allow us to complete a feasibility/pilot study of the merits of using an internet-based cognitive stimulation program (CSP) to improve the cognitive functions and quality of life of individuals with HIV/AIDS, and, secondarily, to detect such changes using a computerized assessment tool designed for use in a health care practitioner's office (Computer-Based Assessment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (CAMCI)).
With the progressive aging of society, there is an increasing prevalence of age-related diseases that pose a threat to the elderly's quality of life. Adipose tissue, a vital energy reservoir with endocrine functions, is one of the most vulnerable tissues in aging, which in turn influences systematic aging process, including metabolic dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that NRG4, a novel adipokine, is obviously decreased in adipocyte tissues and serums during aging. Moreover, delivered recombinant NRG4 protein (rNRG4) into aged mice can ameliorate age-associated insulin resistance, glucose disorders and other metabolic disfunction. In addition, rNRG4 treatment alleviates age-associated hepatic steatosis and sarcopenia, accompanied with altered gene signatures. Together, these results indicate that NRG4 plays a key role in the aging process and is a therapeutic target for the treatment of age-associated metabolic dysfunction.
Patients will receive fulvestrant or AIs and PI3K inhibition (alpelisib) per SOC (fulvestrant on days 1, 15, 29 and monthly thereafter; Ais on a daily continuous basis). Participants will receive one injection of benralizumab 30mg subcutaneously on day -1.
INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with limited treatment success, characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Accumulating evidence has shown that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by activated neutrophils are important for initiating and perpetuating synovial inflammation and thereby could be a promising therapeutic target for RA. K/B × N serum transfer-induced arthritis (STIA) is a rapidly developed joint inflammatory model that somehow mimics the inflammatory response in patients with RA. Human gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have been previously shown to possess immunosuppressive effects in arthritis and humanized animal models. However, it is unknown whether GMSCs can manage neutrophils in autoimmune arthritis.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether infusion of GMSCs can alleviate RA by regulating neutrophils and NETs formation. If this is so, we will explore the underlying mechanism(s) in an animal model of inflammatory arthritis.
METHODS: The effects of GMSCs on RA were assessed by comparing the symptoms of the K/B × N serum transfer-induced arthritis (STIA) model administered either with GMSCs or with control cells. Phenotypes examined included clinical scores, rear ankle thickness, paw swelling, inflammation, synovial cell proliferation, and immune cell frequency. The regulation of GMSCs on NETs was examined through immunofluorescence and immunoblotting in GMSCs-infused STIA mice and in an in vitro co-culture system of neutrophils with GMSCs. The molecular mechanism(s) by which GMSCs regulate NETs was explored both in vitro and in vivo by silencing experiments.
RESULTS: We found in this study that adoptive transfer of GMSCs into STIA mice significantly ameliorated experimental arthritis and reduced neutrophil infiltration and NET formation. In vitro studies also showed that GMSCs inhibited the generation of NETs in neutrophils. Subsequent investigations revealed that GMSCs secreted prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to activate protein kinase A (PKA), which ultimately inhibited the downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway that is essential for NET formation.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that infusion of GMSCs can ameliorate inflammatory arthritis mainly by suppressing NET formation via the PGE2-PKA-ERK signaling pathway. These findings further support the notion that the manipulation of GMSCs is a promising stem cell-based therapy for patients with RA and other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Patients on treatment with Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide or Carboplatin and Taxane and showing fatigue not associated to anemia or with anemia grade 1 (10 patients) or associated to anemia grade 2 (10 patients) will be enrolled. The control of the event will be evaluated during treatment with 40 drops TID of Stinging Nettle Fluid Extract; the assessment of fatigue will be performed at every chemotherapy cycle, for a maximum period of 6 months.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an osteolytic malignancy that is incurable due to the emergence of treatment resistant disease. Defining how, when and where myeloma cell intrinsic and extrinsic bone microenvironmental mechanisms cause relapse is challenging with current biological approaches. Here, we report a biology-driven spatiotemporal hybrid agent-based model of the MM-bone microenvironment. Results indicate MM intrinsic mechanisms drive the evolution of treatment resistant disease but that the protective effects of bone microenvironment mediated drug resistance (EMDR) significantly enhances the probability and heterogeneity of resistant clones arising under treatment. Further, the model predicts that targeting of EMDR deepens therapy response by eliminating sensitive clones proximal to stroma and bone, a finding supported by in vivo studies. Altogether, our model allows for the study of MM clonal evolution over time in the bone microenvironment and will be beneficial for optimizing treatment efficacy so as to significantly delay disease relapse.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a composition in which an ultraviolet ray shielding effect or Sun Protection Factor (hereinafter called SPF) is improved by a little ultraviolet defense agent, and the emulsion condition is stabilized in a cosmetic or a dermatological quasi drug formulation which has an ultraviolet ray shielding effect.  <P>SOLUTION: The formulation includes combining, with a specific compounding ratio, each of: a powder which has an ultraviolet ray shielding effect; an ultraviolet ray shielding agent which contains at least one kinds of organic based ultraviolet absorbers; water; an oil; and an emulsifier. The composition of a cosmetic or a dermatological quasi drug formulation which has an ultraviolet ray shielding effect (SPF) and the manufacturing therefor includes as follows. A treatment liquid is held into a container at a manufacturing process. In a stirring method which rotates a stirring implement in the treatment liquid, and agitates the treatment liquid, the high-speed stirring of the stirring implement with an end arriving at the proximity of the inner peripheral surface of the container is carried out in the treatment liquid, the stirring implement agitates at the end of stirring implement, making the treatment liquid rotate by a hollow membrane while making the treatment liquid stick to the container inside surface by pressure with a centrifugal force by the rotation of the treatment liquid accompanying with the rotation of the stirring implement, in this way a thin film rotation type high speed stirring is performed (for example T.K. FILMIX is used), thereby a dispersed state and an emulsion condition of the powder are stabilized.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
All patients receive 4 cycles of EIA chemotherapy pre- and postoperatively. There is no further observation arm. The study is non-randomized.
This study aimed to explore the topographic features of thalamic subregions, functional connectomes and hierarchical organizations between thalamus and cortex in poststroke fatigue patients. We consecutively recruited 121 acute ischemic stroke patients (mean age: 59 years) and 46 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and educational level. The mean age was 59 years (range 19-80) and 38% of acute stroke patients were females. Resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging were conducted on all participants. The fatigue symptoms were measured using the Fatigue Severity Scale. The thalamic functional subdivisions corresponding to the canonical functional network were defined using the winner-take-all parcellation method. Thalamic functional gradients were derived using the diffusion embedding analysis. The results suggested abnormal functional connectivity of thalamic subregions primarily located in the temporal lobe, posterior cingulate gyrus, parietal lobe, and precuneus. The thalamus showed a gradual increase from the medial to the lateral in all groups, but the right thalamus shifted more laterally in poststroke fatigue patients than in non- poststroke fatigue patients. Poststroke fatigue patients also had higher gradient scores in the somatomotor network and the right medial prefrontal and premotor thalamic regions, but lower values in the right lateral prefrontal thalamus. The findings suggested that poststroke fatigue patients had altered functional connectivity and thalamocortical hierarchical organizations, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms of the thalamus.
Patients receive Vitamin D3 10,000 IU daily for 5 or 14 days depending on VitD baseline level. They then undergo Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment of actinic keratosis.
LungTalk is a novel theoretically grounded health educational tool that will be delivered via iPad and is an interactive computer-based program that includes audio, video and animation segments with scripts presented from a master content library in consideration of different ways people like to learn. Informed by our prior research, LungTalk tailors its content based on smoking status and perceived barriers. In prior work, LungTalk more than doubled Lung Cancer Screening (LCS) knowledge and health beliefs (p \< 0.01), and was associated with a significant increase in deciding to screen for lung cancer compared to control group; OR 1.99; 95% CI, 1.03, 3.85, p = 0.03.
The prevalence of GDM is increasing all over the world. It has bad influence for both pregnant women and fetus. Early treatment is useful for GDM prevention. Therefore early screening is important for healthcare doctors to detect the potential patients. Glycated albumin (GA) is an optimal index for blood glucose evaluation compared to HbA1c, however it may be influenced by body weight and composition. The investigators are going to investigate the predictive ability of glycated albumin combined with body composition, including body weight, BMI, fat free mass and fat mass for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis. This study recruit pregnant women before 12 weeks of their pregnant age and test GA level and body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis. During 24-28 weeks of pregnant age, all participants will do the glucose tolerant test for GDM diagnosis.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an oral sustained controlled-release particle drug delivery system. The particle system comprises sustained controlled-release pellets or particles with two different release behaviors of A and B; A and B contain effective components of a same medicament, and the effective components are the same. The release curves of A and B are located at two sides of a target release curve; the slopes of Ka, Kb, and Kc of A, B and the target release curve at sampling points with the same release rate meet that Ka and Kb are within the range of Kc*(1+/-50%). The particle system is filled with proper auxiliary materials to become a capsule, or is pressed to become a tablet. The oral sustained controlled-release particle drug delivery system of the invention can effectively increase the process design space, allows the dissolving curve to approach the target release curve, reduces the development risk of the medicament, can effectively reduce differences between batches of final products, increases the consistency of the products and the internal quality of the final products, and facilitates the improvement of production stability. The invention is applicable to the imitation of products on the market and the development of new medicaments, and the operations for mass production are provided with more flexibility and maneuverability.
Background: Preterm birth significantly contributes to mortality and morbidities, with recent studies linking these issues to gut microbiota imbalances. Probiotic supplementation shows promise in mitigating adverse outcomes in preterm infants, but optimal timing and guidelines remain unclear. This study assesses the benefits of probiotic supplementation for preterm infants without consistent guidelines. Methods: This retrospective study examined extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units from 2017 to 2021. Mortality and preterm-related outcomes were compared between infants receiving probiotics and those not. Subgroup analyses based on probiotic initiation timing were conducted: early (≤14 days), late (>14 days), and non-probiotic groups. Results: The study included 330 ELBW infants: 206 received probiotics (60 early, 146 late), while 124 did not. Probiotic supplementation was associated with lower overall mortality (adjusted OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09-0.48) and decreased mortality from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or late-onset sepsis (LOS) (adjusted OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.03-0.45). Early probiotics reduced overall mortality, NEC/LOS-related mortality, and NEC/LOS-unrelated mortality. Late probiotics decreased overall mortality and NEC/LOS-related mortality. Early probiotic use also expedited full enteral feeding achievement. Conclusions: Probiotic supplementation reduces mortality and improves feeding tolerance in preterm infants. Establishing guidelines for probiotic use in this population is crucial.
Somatic chromosomal mosaicism, chromosome instability, and cancer are intimately linked together. Addressing the role of somatic genome variations (encompassing chromosomal mosaicism and instability) in cancer yields paradoxical results. Firstly, somatic mosaicism for specific chromosomal rearrangement causes cancer per se. Secondly, chromosomal mosaicism and instability are associated with a variety of diseases (chromosomal disorders demonstrating less severe phenotypes, complex diseases), which exhibit cancer predisposition. Chromosome instability syndromes may be considered the best examples of these diseases. Thirdly, chromosomal mosaicism and instability are able to result not only in cancerous diseases but also in non-cancerous disorders (brain diseases, autoimmune diseases, etc.). Currently, the molecular basis for these three outcomes of somatic chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability remains incompletely understood. Here, we address possible mechanisms for the aforementioned scenarios using a system analysis model. A number of theoretical models based on studies dedicated to chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability seem to be valuable for disentangling and understanding molecular pathways to cancer-causing genome chaos. In addition, technological aspects of uncovering causes and consequences of somatic chromosomal mosaicism and chromosome instability are discussed. In total, molecular cytogenetics, cytogenomics, and system analysis are likely to form a powerful technological alliance for successful research against cancer.
The present invention relates to a Chinese medicine for treating prostatitis and nephritis and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese medicine is composed of the following raw materials by weight ratio: 30 to 50 of prepared rhizome of rehmannia, 5 to 30 of cornel, 5 to 30 of Chinese yam, 10 to 25 of water plantain, 10 to 25 of tuckahoe, 10 to 25 of tree peony bark, 20 to 35 of fructus rubi, 20 to 35 of plantain seed, 20 to 35 of barbary wolfberry fruit, 20 to 35 of dodder seed, 20 to 35 of Chinese magnolivine fruit, 10 to 30 of tortoise plastron glue and 10 to 30 of deerhorn glue. The preparation method of the Chinese medicine comprises the steps: the raw materials are taken according to the weight ratio; the raw materials are selected cleanly, washed, dried, ground into fine powder, and evenly mixed, and the mixture is refined by honey to form pills which are separately packed. The present invention has the advantages of definite application curative effect, no poison, no side effect, no adverse effect and safe and reliable administration, and the total effective rate is 98 %. Thus, the present invention has important meanings for treating diseases, such as nephritis, kidney diseases, etc. The present invention is suitable for popularization and application, and has wide economic benefit and social benefit. The Chinese medicine can be prepared into granules, oral liquid, pills and tablets.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, namely to therapy and can be used in pulmonology in selection of starting antibacterial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (ABT CP) in patients addicted to persistent tobacco-smoking. Method includes anamnesis analysis and determination of persistent tobacco-smoking as risk factor. Additionally estimated is individual sensitivity of patient's organism to medication cefotaxime. For this purpose after introduction of cefotaxime dose to patient chromatographically determined is said medication concentration in blood serum. If concentration value is lower than 2.24 mcg/ml inhibitor-protected penicillins and other antibacterial cefotaxime-free medications are used. In tobacco-smoking patient smoking index is determined and if its value is more than 25 packets/years, in therapy inhibitor-protected penicillins and other cefotaxime-free medications are used in therapy. ^ EFFECT: method makes it possible to carry out adequate starting antibacterial therapy, taking into account such risk factor as tobacco-smoking, and basing on prediction of drug resistance and reduction of cefotaxime concentration in blood, which ensures increase of pneumonia treatment efficiency in said contingent of patients, reducing drug load on organism and treatment terms. ^ 2 ex, 2 tbl
The present invention relates to a method of using zatebradine by intravenous (IV) injection to retard or eliminate arrhythmias due to abnormal spontaneous activity in subendocardial Purkinje fibers. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of zatebradine to reduce intracellular Na +  activity in Purkinje fibers and block I f  current. Arrhythmias due to abnormal spontaneous activity in subendocardial Purkinje fibers occur 24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in canine heart. These Purkinje fibers in the infarcted hearts are depolarized and have elevated intracellular Na +  activity. The major current underlying normal automaticity in these fibers is the I f  current. Zatebradine reduces intracellular Na +  activity in Purkinje fibers by 4 mM. In vivo, 0.25-1.0 mg/kg intravenous injections of zatebradine slow ventricular rhythms by 24%. Although zatebradine also slows sinus nodal rate, it precipitates a more severe arrhythmia. However, during right atrial pacing, capture of ventricular rhythms occurs at lower rates (i.e. 28% reduction) in the presence of zatebradine. Thus, zatebradine eliminates the arrhythmia when the right atria is paced at the original sinus rate.
The invention provides antibodies or fusion proteins with modified heavy chain IgG constant regions that promote assembly of multimeric complexes. Within an antibody or fusion protein unit there are two heavy chains each including at least CH2 and CH3 regions. The two heavy chains bear complementary modifications (e.g., knob and hole) to promote coupling of the heavy chains within a unit. One and only one of the heavy chains in a unit is fused at its C-terminus to a homomultimerizing peptide. The presence of the homomultimerizing peptide promotes association between units. For example, if the homomultimerizing peptide is a homotrimerizing peptide it promotes association of three units to form a trimeric complex.
A 26-week, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, non-inferiority study was conducted in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes to assess the safety and efficacy of APIDRA (n=435) given within 15 minutes before a meal compared to regular human insulin (n=441) administered 30 to 45 minutes prior to a meal. NPH human insulin was given twice a day as the basal insulin. All patients participated in a 4-week run-in period with regular human insulin and NPH human insulin. Eighty-five percent of patients were Caucasian and 11% were Black. The mean age was 58 years (range 26 to 84 years). The average body mass index (BMI) was 34.6 kg/m2. At randomization, 58% of the patients were taking an oral antidiabetic agent. These patients were instructed to continue use of their oral antidiabetic agent at the same dose throughout the trial. The majority of patients (79%) mixed their short-acting insulin with NPH human insulin immediately prior to injection. The reductions from baseline in GHb were similar between the 2 treatment groups (see Table 8). No differences between APIDRA and regular human insulin groups were seen in the number of daily short-acting insulin injections or basal or short-acting insulin doses (see Table 8).