anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Healthy lifestyle instructions consists of four one-to-one treatment sessions, 30 minutes per session, over a 2 months period. The sessions will be conducted by a specially trained physiotherapist or speech and language therapist. The sessions include patient education and motivational conversation about healthy eating habits, physical activity, stress and relaxation.
HIV infection rates are on a rapid rise within Asian Pacific Americans (APA) communities, 17% annually, with men comprising 80% of new infections in the United States. Optimal self-management is a key to HIV treatment success, because it may alleviate physical and mental symptoms, promote health behaviors, and therefore enhance quality of life and suppress virus replication. Studies suggested that securing assistance from family members in self-management may be effective in addressing these challenges in APA communities. The purpose of this study is to adapt and evaluate the feasibility of a 4-session, 4-week family-informed self-management intervention protocol to promote health among APA men with HIV (APAMHIV). The scientific premise is, regardless of Asian ethnicity, APA communities often share a more collectivist orientation, such that APA prioritizing their responsibilities to their families over their own individual needs. To preserve the harmony in family, HIV disclosure is often indirect. In previous projects, investigators interviewed an ethnically diverse sample of 40 APAMHIV and 20 family members to explore self- and family- management strategies. The hypothesis is that APAMHIV will receive greater levels of family support and health following the family-informed self-management intervention. This study addresses the critical need to optimize self-management skills among APAMHIV that simultaneously address the needs of APAMHIV with support from their families. The long-term goal is to implement a comprehensive, family-informed self-management intervention for APAMHIV. In this project, researchers will conduct a mixed-methods study with two study phases. In Phase 1, researchers will analyze the available qualitative data from the prior projects to revise the conceptualization of family-informed self-management. Based on the revised conceptualization, researchers will adapt an evidence-based self-management intervention using a modified ADAPT-ITT model. In Phase 2, researchers will conduct a pilot waitlist-controlled clinical trial to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the adapted family-informed self-management intervention among 30 APAMHIV without explicitly involving their family members. This small RCT will contain two arms, with participants randomly assigned to either the immediate treatment group (IT Group) or the delayed treatment group (DT Group). Researchers will evaluate feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect sizes, and use the data to revise this family-informed self-management intervention protocol. This will provide the basis for future applications for a fully powered Randomized Controlled Trial of the protocol in the future. Aims are to: 1. Follow the ADAPT-ITT model to culturally adapt an evidence-based family-informed self-management intervention 2. Evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy with a randomized waitlist-controlled trial. And, 3. Finalize the study protocols for future project operations by documenting emerging difficulties and solutions throughout this project implementation.
Glomerulonephritis is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in China, where IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis among individuals undergoing renal biopsy. The outcomes of IgAN vary highly among individuals; some have the stable renal function for lifetime and some quickly progress to ESRD. No biomarker is widely applied to predict the outcomes in IgAN yet. Previous GWAS studies including ours have identified some susceptibility loci associated with the development and clinical features of IgAN. In addition, a few cohort studies have revealed several genetic loci related to the progression of IgAN. But, all of the reported GWAS studies were based on a case-control design, which may not provide the information about the effect of genetic variants on the progression of disease. Previous cohort studies which focused on certain specific candidate genes cannot unbiasedly explore the progression related susceptibility loci. Furthermore, there is no study that integrates the information from whole genomic loci and serum and urine biomarkers to predict the long-term progression in IgAN. Therefore, we design a relative large prospective cohort study to examine the association between blood and urine biomarkers (including whole genomic loci) and long-term kidney disease progression among 2000 Chinese IgAN patients with relatively normal kidney function (eGFR≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2).
PURPOSE: The purpose of this brief review is to analyze the outcomes of customized photorefractive keratectomy in the correction of refractive errors and irregular astigmatism after corneal graft surgery.
METHODS: Two reviewers (M.S.K. and J.L.A.) independently performed a literature search in the MEDLINE/PubMed database, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate from January 2001 to October 2023. To analyze the efficacy, safety, and predictability of the procedure, primary outcomes such as mean change in uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, and root mean square value (RMS) of higher order aberrations were studied. The complications and adverse reactions were analyzed to predict the safety of this procedure.
RESULTS: We identified those studies where customized (topography guided/wavefront guided) photograph refractive keratectomy was performed in patients with postkeratoplasty. Significant change in uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, RMS of higher order aberrations, refractive cylinder, and mean spherical equivalent were observed. Corneal haze was the most common complication documented; however, this was more commonly documented by authors who have not used Mitomycin C in their patients.
CONCLUSIONS: We found out that customized photograph refractive keratectomy is a safe, effective, and predictable method of treatment for refractive error and irregular astigmatism after keratoplasty.
Liver cancer including primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic liver cancers is one the most common malignancies in the world. Over 10000 new cases per year are diagnosed in Taiwan. Despite the many treatment options, the prognosis of HCC remains dismal. More than 8000 people died of this cancer every year in Taiwan. A majority (70% to 85%) of patients present with advanced or unresectable disease. In contrast, small liver cancers can be cured with an appreciable frequency. Five-year disease-free survival exceeding 50% has been reported for surgical resection, and for the inoperable patients who do not have vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is recommended as an alternative curative therapy. However, the main drawback of RFA is its limitation to tumor location. The tumors located adjacent to big vessels such as inferior vena cava (IVC), could not be ablated completely sometimes.

Microwave ablation (MWA) can ablate tumor by higher temperature than RFA, so is supposed not to be diminished by adjacent vessels. Several pre-clinical studies have already demonstrated MWA is a safe and effective treatment for live cancers. The system (Solero Microwave Tissue Ablation System) with 2.45 GHz microwave generator could create a spherical ablation zone, and has certificated by CE mark and FDA approval in 2017. However, there are still few experiences in using MWA for tumor ablation in Taiwan. In this study, we will perform MWA for 20 inoperable patients with liver cancers adjacent to IVC in our hospital. The researchers will evaluate the potential side effect and ablate effect of tumors by abdominal CT or MRI, and the researchers will also follow-up this patients for 4 months to evaluate the complete ablation rate and local recurrence rate. We will appraisal the clinical feasibility and advantage of the system by this study.
BACKGROUND: Prediction of the risk of developing surgical site infection (SSI) in patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is of clinical importance. Genetic susceptibility is involved in developing TKA-related SSI. Previously reported models for predicting SSI were constructed using nongenetic risk factors without incorporating genetic risk factors. To address this issue, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the UK Biobank database.
METHODS: Adult patients who underwent primary TKA (n = 19,767) were analyzed and divided into SSI (n = 269) and non-SSI (n = 19,498) cohorts. Nongenetic covariates, including demographic data and preoperative comorbidities, were recorded. Genetic variants associated with SSI were identified by GWAS and included to obtain standardized polygenic risk scores (zPRS, an estimate of genetic risk). Prediction models were established through analyses of multivariable logistic regression and the receiver operating characteristic curve.
RESULTS: There were 4 variants (rs117896641, rs111686424, rs8101598, and rs74648298) achieving genome-wide significance that were identified. The logistic regression analysis revealed 7 significant risk factors: increasing zPRS, decreasing age, men, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and peripheral vascular disease. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.628 and 0.708 when zPRS (model 1) and nongenetic covariates (model 2) were used as predictors, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased to 0.76 when both zPRS and nongenetic covariates (model 3) were used as predictors. A risk-prediction nomogram was constructed based on model 3 to visualize the relative effect of statistically significant covariates on the risk of SSI and predict the probability of developing SSI. Age and zPRS were the top 2 covariates that contributed to the risk, with younger age and higher zPRS associated with higher risks.
CONCLUSIONS: Our GWAS identified 4 novel variants that were significantly associated with susceptibility to SSI following TKA. Integrating genome-wide zPRS with nongenetic risk factors improved the performance of the model in predicting SSI.
Deuteporfin (7.5mg/kg) was injected intravenously 6 hours before intraluminal photoactivation (wavelength,630 nm;light dose, 180 J/cm(2)). After PDT, endoscopic or percutaneous stenting will be performed.The second treatment may be given after 3 months.
The invention discloses a pure Chinese materia medica preparation for treating hypertension and a preparation method thereof. The preparation has the main efficacy of treating the hypertension, headache, vertigo and the like resulting from the hypertension. Data proves that now report about the pure Chinese materia medica preparation is not available. The preparation is mainly made from uncaria, kudzu root, selfheal and dahurian angelica root, and has the effect of quickly and steadily lowering blood pressure without relapse. The preparation has the advantages of simple formula, significant curative effect, no side effect, low cost and convenient administration. The preparation is a pure traditional Chinese medicine for treating hypertension and is convenient for popularization and application.
PURPOSE:To obtain an external preparation of skin for improving chapped skin by blending a blend of a steroid glycoside and/or triterpenoid glycoside and sphingoglycolipid with a steroid hormone at a specific ratio and adding an anti-inflammatory agent, cell-activating agent, humectant, etc., thereto. CONSTITUTION:The objective external preparation of skin containing a steroid glycoside (e.g. campesteroid glycoside) and/or triterpenoid glycoside (e.g. cycloartenol glycoside) and (B) a sphingoglycolipid (e.g. monohexosylceramide) at an amount of 0.0005-90wt.% based on the total amount (at a weight ratio of the ingredient A/the ingredient B of 90/10 to 10/90) and further containing a steroid hormone at an amount of <=0.5% based on the total amount. The external preparation of skin can recover regularity of arrangement of keratin cells and improve chapped skin by normalizing and retarding turnover of skin keratin layer. The chapped skin-improving effects are further enhanced by adding an anti-inflammatory agent, cell activating agent, lipoperoxide-producing inhibitor, humectant, etc., thereto.
In the 100 years since Eli Moschcowitz reported the first case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), there has been remarkable awareness and progress in the diagnosis and management of this rare blood disorder. This progress initially was the result of careful clinical observations followed by well thought-out therapeutic interventions, with dual goals of both improving outcomes and discerning the pathophysiology of TTP. The discovery of the ADAMTS13 protease set in motion the efforts to more accurately define the specific etiologies of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) based on objective, scientific data rather than clinical characterizations alone. This accurate differentiation led to better and more revealing clinical trials and advancements in the treatment of TTP and other TMAs. Further advances followed and included improvements in immune-suppressive therapy and targeted therapies of immune-mediated TTP (iTTP; caplacizumab) and congenital TTP (cTTP; recombinant ADAMTS13). The longitudinal study of patients with TTP revealed the unexpected risk for long-term complications in both patients with iTTP and those with cTTP in remission. Ongoing studies aim to further understand the prevalence, mechanisms, and appropriate screening for these mood disorders, neurocognitive deficits, and cardiovascular complications that develop at remarkably high rates and are associated with a decreased life expectancy. These discoveries are a result of the collaborative efforts of investigators worldwide that have been fostered by the frequent interactions of investigators via the International TTP Working Group meetings and TMA workshops held regularly at international meetings. These efforts will support the rapid pace of discovery and improved understanding of this rare disease.
The chemotherapy regimen will be given for 2 consecutive days. On day #1, pt. will be premedicated with drugs to prevent nausea and vomiting in addition to intravenous fluids. Then they will receive amifostine intravenously followed by oxaliplatin, 5FU and leucovorin. This will be followed by an infusion of 5FU given in a pump over 22 hours. If the doctor decides on giving the pt. Avastin, this will be given on day #1. On day #2, they will receive the same treatment except for oxaliplatin.
FIELD: hygiene; chemistry.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to a composition for teeth whitening, as well as methods for preparing and using it. Disclosed tooth whitening composition contains: polydiorganosiloxane; from 1.0 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % colloidal silicon dioxide; 25 wt. % Vaseline; from 18 wt. % to 25.0 wt. % of polyvinylpyrrolidone; from 0.1 wt. % to 6.0 wt. % hydrogen peroxide with respect to the total weight of the composition. Composition is anhydrous and does not contain polyethylene. Method of preparing the dental bleaching composition involves combining polydiorganosiloxane, colloidal silicon dioxide, Vaseline, polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydrogen peroxide in the above amounts and mixing them to form a homogeneous dispersion. Tooth surface whitening method involves bringing the tooth surface into contact with the above tooth whitening composition for a period of time sufficient for tooth surface whitening.EFFECT: composition formulation provides good retention of peroxide on tooth surface and maintenance of suspension of all ingredients in absence of polyethylene.8 cl, 5 tbl, 2 ex
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Their prevalence, persistence, and increasing industrial production have led to questions about their long-term impact on human and animal health. This narrative review describes the effects of MNPs on oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging. Exposure to MNPs leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) across multiple experimental models, including cell lines, organoids, and animal systems. ROS can cause damage to cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. Direct interaction between MNPs and immune cells or an indirect result of oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage may lead to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines throughout different MNP-exposure conditions. This inflammatory response is a common feature in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and other age-related diseases. MNPs also act as cell senescence inducers by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, impairing autophagy, and activating DNA damage responses, exacerbating cellular aging altogether. Increased senescence of reproductive cells and transfer of MNPs/induced damages from parents to offspring in animals further corroborates the transgenerational health risks of the tiny particles. This review aims to provoke a deeper investigation into the notorious effects these pervasive particles may have on human well-being and longevity.
As addiction treatment becomes increasingly integrated into the medical care system, two models have rightly received a great deal of attention. The first is the use of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) models to identify cases, provide therapeutic contact, and refer the more severe cases to longer-term care. The second is the treatment of addictions using medical models of treatment, including those that can be implemented in primary care settings. Much less attention has been paid to optimizing strategies for bridging the gap between SBIRT and more intensive/longer-term treatment for those on the severe end of the spectrum. This factor is of critical importance for opioid dependent patients, whose needs are not met by brief interventions or brief treatment. Emergency room interventions for substance use disorders have been largely limited to brief interventions/SBIRT models, and these have focused primarily on alcohol. Although there is a substantial literature documenting the value of case management in linking drug users to treatment, this approach has not been applied to drug users in the emergency department (ED) setting.

In a sample of opioid dependent patients seen in a medical ED who are not currently engaged in treatment, this study will compare the effects of brief strengths-based case management (SBCM) to the effects of screening, assessment and referral alone. Participants meeting DSM-IV criteria for opioid dependence will be randomly assigned (150 per group) to receive 1) Screening, Assessment and Referral or 2) up to 6 sessions of SBCM based on the model previously implemented by Rapp and colleagues in prior studies. Staff who are blinded to treatment condition will complete follow-up assessments at 3 and 6 months. Aims of the study are to identify the main effects of SBCM on substance abuse treatment initiation and engagement, use of opioids and other drugs, and broader measures of health and life functioning; to examine the interactions between treatment assignment and selected participant attributes in predicting treatment initiation, engagement, and substance use outcomes; and to examine effects of treatment involvement on substance use outcomes in the two treatment groups.

The proposed study will be the first trial using a case management approach to link drug dependent patients presenting in EDs to longer-term addiction treatment. It will be one of the first trials focusing specifically on opioid dependent patients in medical EDs. A further innovative feature is that the case management approach will emphasize linkage to pharmacotherapy, facilitating linkage to office-based buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone for patients who desire this treatment.
Promethazine Hydrochloride Tablets, USP are contraindicated for children under 2 years of age (see WARNINGS: Black Box Warning and  Use in Pediatric Patients).

Allergy: The average oral dose is 25 mg taken before retiring; however, 12.5 mg may be taken before meals and on retiring, if necessary. Single 25 mg doses at bedtime or 6.25 to 12.5 mg taken three times daily will usually suffice. After initiation of treatment, in children or adults, dosage should be adjusted to the smallest amount adequate to relieve symptoms. The administration of promethazine hydrochloride in 25 mg doses will control minor transfusion reactions of an allergic nature. 

Motion Sickness: The average adult dose is 25 mg taken twice daily. The initial dose should be taken one-half to one hour before anticipated travel and be repeated eight to twelve hours later if necessary. On succeeding days of travel, it is recommended that 25 mg be given on arising and again before the evening meal. For children, Promethazine Hydrochloride Tablets, syrup, or rectal suppositories, 12.5 to 25 mg, twice daily, may be administered. 

Nausea and Vomiting: Antiemetics should not be used in vomiting of unknown etiology in children and adolescents (see WARNINGS: Use in Pediatric Patients). 

The average effective dose of promethazine hydrochloride for the active therapy of nausea and vomiting in children or adults is 25 mg. When oral medication cannot be tolerated, the dose should be given parenterally or by rectal suppository. 12.5 to 25 mg doses may be repeated, as necessary, at four- to six-hour intervals. 

For nausea and vomiting in children, the usual dose is 0.5 mg per pound of body weight, and the dose should be adjusted to the age and weight of the patient and the severity of the condition being treated. 

For prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting, as during surgery and the postoperative period, the average dose is 25 mg repeated at four- to six-hour intervals, as necessary.

Sedation: This product relieves apprehension and induces a quiet sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Administration of 12.5 to 25 mg promethazine hydrochloride by the oral route or by rectal suppository at bedtime will provide sedation in children. Adults usually require 25 to 50 mg for nighttime, presurgical, or obstetrical sedation. 

Pre- and Postoperative Use: Promethazine hydrochloride in 12.5 to 25 mg doses for children and 50 mg doses for adults the night before surgery relieves apprehension and produces a quiet sleep. 

For preoperative medication, children require doses of 0.5 mg per pound of body weight in combination with an appropriately reduced dose of narcotic or barbiturate and the appropriate dose of an atropine-like drug. Usual adult dosage is 50 mg promethazine hydrochloride with an appropriately reduced dose of narcotic or barbiturate and the required amount of a belladonna alkaloid. 

Postoperative sedation and adjunctive use with analgesics may be obtained by the administration of 12.5 to 25 mg in children and 25 to 50 mg doses in adults. Promethazine Hydrochloride Tablets are contraindicated for children under 2 years of age.
Modulating SYK has been demonstrated to have impacts on pathogenic neutrophil responses in COVID-19. During sepsis, neutrophils are vital in early bacterial clearance but also contribute to the dysregulated immune response and organ injury when hyperactivated. Here, we evaluated the impact of R406, the active metabolite of fostamatinib, on neutrophils stimulated by LPS. We demonstrate that R406 was able to effectively inhibit NETosis, degranulation, ROS generation, neutrophil adhesion, and the formation of CD16low neutrophils that have been linked to detrimental outcomes in severe sepsis. Further, the neutrophils remain metabolically active, capable of releasing cytokines, perform phagocytosis, and migrate in response to IL-8. Taken together, this data provides evidence of the potential efficacy of utilizing fostamatinib in bacterial sepsis.