anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Adults and children weighing over 20 Kg: For genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract infections other than gonorrhea in men and women, the usual dose is 500 mg q.i.d. in equally spaced doses; severe or chronic infections may require larger doses. For the treatment of gonorrhea in both men and women, a single oral dose of 3.5 grams of ampicillin administered simultaneously with 1 gram of probenecid is recommended. Physicians are cautioned to use no less than the above recommended dosage for the treatment of gonorrhea. Follow-up cultures should be obtained from the original site(s) of infection 7 to 14 days after therapy. In women, it is also desirable to obtain culture test-of-cure from both the endocervical and anal canals. Prolonged intensive therapy is needed for complications such as prostatitis and epididymitis. For respiratory tract infections, the usual dose is 250 mg q.i.d. in equally spaced doses. 

Pediatric Patients weighing 20 Kg or less:  For genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract infections, the usual dose is 100 mg/kg/day total, q.i.d. in equally divided and spaced doses. 

For respiratory tract infections, the usual dose is 50 mg/kg/day total, in equally divided and spaced doses three to four times daily. Doses for children should not exceed doses recommended for adults. 

All patients, irrespective of age and weight: Larger doses may be required for severe or chronic infections. Although ampicillin is resistant to degradation by gastric acid, it should be administered at least one half-hour before or two hours after meals for maximal absorption. Except for the single dose regimen for gonorrhea referred to above, therapy should be continued for a minimum of 48 to 72 hours after the patient becomes asymptomatic or evidence at bacterial eradication has been obtained. In infections caused by haemolytic strains of streptococci, a minimum of 10 days' treatment is recommended to guard against the risk of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis (see PRECAUTIONS, Laboratory Tests). In the treatment of chronic urinary or gastrointestinal infections, frequent bacteriologic and clinical appraisal is necessary during therapy and may be necessary for several months afterwards. Stubborn infections may require treatment for several weeks. Smaller doses than those indicated above should not be used. 

Directions for mixing Oral Suspension

Prepare suspension at time of dispensing. For ease of preparation, add water to the bottle in two portions and shake well after each addition.

125 mg/5 mL   
Add a total of 86 mL to the 100 mL package and 170 mL to the 200 mL package. This will provide 100 mL and 200 mL of suspension. Each 5 mL (teaspoonful) will contain ampicillin trihydrate equivalent to 125 mg ampicillin. 

250 mg/5 mL   
Add a total of 70 mL to the 100 mL package and 139 mL to the 200 mL package. This will provide 100 mL and 200 mL of suspension . Each 5 mL (teaspoonful) will contain ampicillin trihydrate equivalent to 250 mg ampicillin.
Cesarean is a major surgical operation that is widely performed around the world. Pain after cesarean is more significant than expected, and pain control remains a problem. In addition, the women undergoing cesarean experience stress and anxiety due to the surgical process. Anxiety and pain experienced after cesarean affect the mother physiologically and psychologically, negatively affecting the healing process. Therefore, it is essential to determine interventions that will reduce pain and anxiety in women undergoing cesarean. This study aims to examine the effect of preoperative virtual reality use on postoperative pain and anxiety in women undergoing cesarean.

This study has a randomized controlled experimental design. The research will be carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of a public hospital in the North of Turkey. Women who had a cesarean will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group using a computer-generated list. A data collection form including an Introductory information form including sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will used for each participant. After obtaining written informed consent, the anxiety levels of women in the intervention and control groups will be determined by applying a pre-test (STAI). Then, the women in the intervention group will be shown a relaxing video (video with a nature view accompanied by nature sounds) through preoperative virtual reality glasses. No intervention will be applied to women in the control group. After surgery, the anxiety levels of women in both groups will be evaluated in the first 4 hours, and the pain levels will be evaluated in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th hours. The IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 21.0 package program will be used to evaluate the data obtained in the study.
BACKGROUND: Adequate postoperative pain treatment is important for quality of life, patient satisfaction, rehabilitation, function, and total opioid consumption, and might lower both the risk of chronic postoperative pain and the costs for society. Prolonged opioid consumption is a well-known risk factor for addiction. Previous studies in upper extremity surgery have shown that total opioid consumption is a third of the amount prescribed, which can be explained by package size. The aim of this study was to examine whether implementation of prepacked takehome analgesia bags reduced the quantity of prescribed and dispensed opioids.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We introduced prepacked take-home analgesia bags for postoperative pain treatment in outpatient surgery. The bags came in two sizes, each containing paracetamol, etoricoxib, and oxycodone. The first 147 patients who received the prepacked analgesia bags were included in the study, and received a questionnaire one month after surgery covering self-assessed pain (visual analog scale of 0-10) and satisfaction (0-5), as well as opioid consumption. Prescription data after introducing the analgesia bags were compared with data before the bags were introduced.
RESULTS: Of the 147 patients included in the study, 58 responded. Compared to standard prescription (small bag group: 14 oxycodone immediate release capsules (5 mg), large bag group: additional 28 oxycodone extended release tablets (5 mg), based on the smallest available package), the patients in the small analgesia bag group received 50% less oxycodone and 67% less for the large bag group. Patients with small bags consumed a median of 0.0 mg oxycodone and those with large bags consumed a median of 25.0 mg oxycodone. The median satisfaction was 5.0 (range: 2-5) and the median pain score was acceptable at the first postoperative day. Prescription data showed a significant reduction of 60.0% in the total amount of prescribed opioids after the introduction of prepacked analgesia bags.
CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of prepacked analgesia bags dramatically reduced the quantity of opioids prescribed after outpatient hand surgery. Patient satisfaction was high and the postoperative pain level was acceptable.
KEY WORDS: analgesia, hand surgery, opioids, outpatint surgery, wrist surgery.
INTRODUCTION: Subtle abnormalities in the preclinical stage of Huntington's Disease (HD) can be detected using saccadic eye movement assessment reflecting disease progression. This study was aimed to evaluate abnormalities in saccade parameters in asymptomatic carriers and symptomatic HD patients at various stages of HD.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study enrolled 104 participants, including 14 asymptomatic carriers of HTT mutations, 44 symptomatic HD patients, and 46 control subjects. HD severity was measured using the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale Total Motor Score (UHDRS-TMS) and Total Functional Capacity Scale (TFC). The evaluation of rapid eye movements (reflexive saccades, anti-saccades, memory-guided saccades) was carried out using 'Saccadometer Research'.
RESULTS: Measures of reflexive and volitional saccades did not differ between the asymptomatic carriers and controls. Significant latency prolongation and increased physiological variability of latency times, as well as higher error rates among HD patients, were found in all saccade tasks (p < 0.001) compared to the controls. Abnormalities in saccade parameters were more pronounced in the advanced stages of the disease. Latency of saccades and error rate of volitional saccades correlated with the UHDRS-TMS and TFC scores.
CONCLUSIONS: The saccade parameters in asymptomatic HD carriers with a long time to disease development were similar to those in the control group. Saccade abnormalities appeared in symptomatic patients at the beginning of the disease, and correlated with HD severity.
Atherosclerotic disease in the vessels that supply the cervical spine may lead to degenerative disease. In angina pectoris (AP), atherosclerotic disease leads to coronary vessel occlusion and resulting symptoms. This study aims to determine the relationship between AP and neck pain. Analysis was focused on respondents who had a history of cervical pain disorders, adjusting for demographic, education, and mental health confounders. A total of 30,461 participated in the survey. Of 1,049 respondents, 21% reported neck pain. Mean age of the respondents was 62.6 ± 16.1 years. Nonwhite race, current everyday smokers, lower family income, hypertension, and diabetes had higher prevalence of neck pain (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, AP was associated with increased odds of neck pain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 1.92], p = 0.026). AP was independently associated with 42% increased odds of having neck pain. Further study into the association of cardiovascular disease with degenerative disc disease pain should be performed. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 33(2):093-096, 2024).
This project focuses on mental health, quality of life and alcohol and substance use in students pursuing higher education. The targeted population, all Norwegian college and university students, are in an important and vulnerable period of life transitions. The overall aim of the current project is two-fold: First, the investigators will conduct a clinical assessment of mental disorders by using the newly developed electronic version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview, fifth version (CIDI 5.0), developed for the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. CIDI 5.0 is a standardized interview assessing 30-days,12 months and lifetime prevalence for several mental and substance use disorders according to diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) and International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD-10). The overall aim of this will be to obtain accurate prevalence rates of disorders, as well as to validate and compare the briefer instrument used in the Students' Health and Wellbeing Study (SHOT), including the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Second, the investigators will examine risk factors based on data from the SHoT, which is one of the world's largest epidemiological studies of student health.
Arm I (R-CHOP-21): Patients receive R-CHOP immunochemotherapy comprising rituximab IV, cyclophosphamide IV over 15 minutes, doxorubicin IV, and vincristine IV on day 1 and oral prednisone once daily on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Sporadic Inclusion-Body Myositis (s-IBM) is the most common muscle disease in patients above the age of 50 years. It is an inflammatory myopathy mediated by sensitized, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that clonally expand in situ and invade MHC-I-expressing muscle fibers. The antigen recognized by the T cells is unknown. The disease is progressive, resists the currently available immunotherapies and leads to wheelchair confinement. Applying therapeutic strategies with agents that deplete T cells clones and investigating the antigenic specificity of the endomysial T cells is expected to enhance our understanding of the cause of s-IBM and lead to clinical improvement. The present study is designed to: a) test in a pilot study the safety, T cell depletion of the endomysial T cells and clinical efficacy of the monoclonal antibody Alemtuzumab in 20 patients with s-IBM followed for 12 months by serial quantitative assessment of muscle strength; b) explore the spectrum of the antigens recognized by the T cells extracted from the muscle biopsy specimens by searching for immune dominant peptides using positional scanning synthetic combinational peptide libraries, before and after therapy; and c) determine the reciprocal relationship between clinical response and endomysial inflammatory mediators before and after treatment. It is anticipated that the study may lead to identification of putative antigens that trigger the disease, clarify the significance of the inflammation and amyloid deposits in muscle fiber injury and provide a novel therapy for s-IBM patients.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title film pharmaceutical preparation remarkably improved in mucus membrane-adherent property by laminating mucus membrane- adherent layer and mucus membrane-non-adherent layer to a base material obtained by blending a water soluble cellulose derivative with a gum substance. CONSTITUTION:The aimed film pharmaceutical preparation having a bilayer structure in which (A) mucus membrane-adherent layer containing a mixture of A1: water soluble cellulose derivative, preferably hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose and A2: a gum substance, e.g. a water soluble natural polysaccharides such as kuraya gum or traganth gum at a ratio of component A2 of 10-35 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. component A1 as a base material and (B) mucus membrane-non-adherent layer containing a water soluble cellulose derivative as a base material and containing a slightly water- solubilizing agent (e.g. higher fatty acid slightly water soluble cellulose derivative, especially ethyl cellulose) of 5-40 pts.wt. based on the base material are laminated.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves cleaning gastroenteric tract on the background of vegetarian dietotherapy course by daily per os administering powders of personally composed curative herb species followed by liver tubage with oil balsam and purgative remedy on the magnesia base seven times a day. Patient blood group is used as individual characteristic determining human organism in selecting vegetarian dietotherapy and composing individual curative herb species. The vegetarian dietotherapy, food stuff and plants and curative herb species are distinguished by lectins entering in no agglutination reaction with blood cells of the given group and lymph. To clean alimentary tract, the curative herb species powder is taken as unfiltered aqueous infusion. Enterosorbent, compensating vitamin and microelement additives, ascorbic acid and laurel leaf infusion are additionally consumed. EFFECT: accelerated treatment course. 15 cl, 1 tbl
Patients receive bortezomib IV over 3-5 seconds twice weekly for 2 weeks. Courses repeat every 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
A beverage containing potable water is infused with molecular hydrogen (H2) at a concentration in excess of 0.75 mmol and a H 2  head pressure of at least 200 kPa. The beverage, together with the H 2  head pressure, may be contained within a sealed metal can. Additionally, the beverage may include a buffering agent for buffering the beverage at a pH of 4.5 or below. The buffering agent may include a food acidulant together with a magnesium salt of such food acidulant. The molar quantity of the magnesium salt exceeds the molar quantity of the molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) dissolved in the beverage. The canned beverage may be made by filling a can with a beverage that lacks infused molecular hydrogen and then transferring a magnesium tablet into the can. The magnesium tablet includes elemental magnesium, i.e., metallic magnesium. After the magnesium tablet is transferred into the can, the can is then sealed and the elemental magnesium is allowed to react with the water in the beverage so as to evolve molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and infuse the beverage therewith. When drinking the beverage, the can is opened and the molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) head pressure is released. The beverage is then consumed while the molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) continues to effervesce therefrom.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having an excellent antitumor activity and useful as an antitumor agent. SOLUTION: A compound of formula I  the ring A is a benzene ring which may have a substituent, a benzene ring having a lower alkylene dioxy group; the ring B is a group of formula II or III [R is NR1 R2 (R1 , R2 are each phenyl, a lower alkyl, etc.,), a nitrogencontaining heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent], etc.} and its salt, e.g. 8-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidinopiperidino) methyl]-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinolin-11-one.dihydrochloride.  The compound is obtained e.g. by condensing 5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde with 1,3-indanedione, subjecting the condensation product to a reductive cyclization reaction in a solvent, and subsequently further subjecting the produced compound having a ring of formula IV or V at a part corresponding to the ring B of the compound of formula I to a Mannich reaction with an amine of the formula: RH or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and formaldehyde in a solvent.
Toe walking is a very common diagnosis in children with a prevalence of 5% -24%. Persistent toe walking in children over 3 years of age often results in parental concern, provoking multiple medical visits, and a range of interventions. Additionally, toe walking has both social implications and concerns for increased foot and ankle pain in those with contracture. Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a diagnosis of exclusion and affirming the diagnosis, ascertaining if intervention is indicated, and determining the optimal timing and intervention strategy are not well defined in the literature. As a family history of toe walking is reported in many children with ITW, there is a strong possibility that a subset of children may have a genetic cause for the condition which may impact the clinical course and outcome of treatment. Several approaches to intervention have been suggested to address toe-walking including: observation, therapy, casting, botulinum toxin A as well as surgery to lengthen the gastroc-soleus complex at the level of the calf or Achilles tendon. The purpose of this multi-center study is to examine a well-defined cohort of children with ITW utilizing a combination of quantitative measurement tools, parent reported outcomes, and whole genome sequencing to promote an evidence-based approach to orthopaedic management of this population. One hundred and eighty children who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria for this study will be recruited from 8 participating SHC sites (POR, NCA, SLC, CHI, PHL, SPO, GRN, LEX) and treated with either serial casting or surgery. Children will be assessed 3 times over 1 year (Baseline, 6-months and 1-year post intervention). A series of screening as well as delineated inclusion/exclusion criteria will be used to ensure the diagnosis of ITW. Clinical assessments, radiographs and 3-D gait analysis utilizing electromyography and a multi-segment foot model will be used to determine if there are differences in the range of motion, gait kinematics and kinetics, motor synergies and foot contact patterns following casting or surgery. Whole genome sequencing will be used to determine if there is a genetic basis for ITW can be identified. Analysis will focus on 1) comparing and contrasting the short and long-term outcomes following non-operative (casting) and surgical intervention to determine if one approach is more efficacious, 2) identify potential genetic determinants for ITWp and 3) identify the factors that mediate and moderate intervention efficacy. The knowledge gained from this study will promote development of an evidence-based and personalized approach to the management of ITW.
Spasticity attributable to exaggerated stretch reflex pathways, particularly affecting the ankle plantar flexors, often impairs overground walking in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. Compelling evidence from rodent models underscores how exposure to acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) can provide a unique medium to induce spinal plasticity in key inhibitory pathways mediating stretch reflex excitability and potentially affect spasticity. In this study, we quantify the effects of a single exposure to AIH on the stretch reflex in able-bodied individuals. We hypothesized that a single sequence of AIH will increase the stretch reflex excitability of the soleus muscle during ramp-and-hold angular perturbations applied to the ankle joint while participants perform passive and volitionally matched contractions. Our results revealed that a single AIH exposure did not significantly change the stretch reflex excitability during both passive and active matching conditions. Furthermore, we found that able-bodied individuals increased their stretch reflex response from passive to active matching conditions after both sham and AIH exposures. Together, these findings suggest that a single AIH exposure might not engage inhibitory pathways sufficiently to alter stretch reflex responses in able-bodied persons. However, the generalizability of our present findings requires further examination during repetitive exposures to AIH along with potential reflex modulation during functional movements, such as overground walking.
Nutritional Composition A high-calorie nutritional composition that has good flavor and stable physicality is provided. The nutritional composition contains a protein source. The protein source of the nutritional composition contains whey protein and whey peptide. The ratio of the sum of the weight of whey protein and whey peptide to the total weight of the protein source is not less than 80 % by weight. The protein energy ratio of the nutritional composition is not less than 16% and less than 50%. The nutritional composition is acidic. The nutritional composition has the caloric density of not less than 100 kcal/100 ml. [No Suitable Figure]
Adenomyosis is a common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age which is characterized by endometrial glands and stroma in the normal myometrium, accompanied by hypertrophy of the surrounding myometrial smooth muscle cells.The results of several studies showed that clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer decreased in infertile patients with adenomyosis. This study intends to explore the immune-related mechanisms in infertile patients with uterine adenomyosis, with a view to finding effective clinical intervention targets for adenomyosis associated infertility, and providing new clues for the prevention and treatment of adenomyosis associated infertility. Peripheral blood was collected on the day of embryo transfer. And if the pregnancy test was positive at 14 days after embryo transfer, peripheral blood was collected at 21 days after the transfer and every 2 weeks thereafter until 12 weeks of gestation. The basic characteristics of the participants, such as age, body mass index, infertility type, infertility duration, gravida, parity times, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone, uterine volume before IVF cycle, controlled ovulation hyperstimulation (COH) protocol, endometrial thickness, number of embryos transferred, transferred embryo type (cleavage embryo/blastocyst) were evaluated. Pregnancy outcomes of all patients were followed up. By analyzing the changes of immune cells and molecules in the peripheral blood of the patients, role of immune factors in infertility combined with adenomyosis was further explored.