anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Gabapentin (GBP), anticonvulsant used to neuropathic pain treatment, is mainly eliminated unchanged in urine. Renal active tubular secretion has been suggested to contribute on GBP excretion by renal excretion. Studies performed on rats with experimental diabetes suggest that hyperglycemia reduces the activity of organic cation transporters (Oct). Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the role of OCTs on kinetic disposition and pharmacodynamics of GBP in patients with neuropathic pain and to verify the regulation of these transporters' activity by glycemic control in diabetes. A cross-over clinical study was performed in patients with neuropathic pain (n=10, Control) to evaluate the influence of CTZ on GBP kinetic disposition. To evaluate the effect of glycemic control, patients with controlled DM2 (DC, n=9) and uncontrolled DM2 (DNC, n=10) were investigated. All participants investigated had neuropathic pain of intensity ≥ 4 evaluated by analogue visual scale (EVA) and were treated with oral single-dose of 300 mg of GBP (Phase 1) or cetirizine (20 mg/day) for 5 days and single-dose of GBP on the last day (Phase 2). Only participants of Control group participated of Phase 2. Serial blood and urine samples were collected up to 36 hours after GBP administration. The intensity of pain was evaluated at the same time of blood sampling, using the visual analog scale. GBP concentration in plasma and urine was validated by JPLC-UV. All participants were genotyped for polymorphisms SLC22A2 808G\>T and SLC22A4 1507C\>T. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis.
Experimental Design. The study design is a parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, stratified, randomized medication treatment trial of male and female veterans who experienced "in-theater" trauma and have both a PTSD and Alcohol Use dual diagnosis. All subjects will receive 12 weeks of manualized cognitive \& behavioral therapy as a standard of care. Additionally, subjects will be randomized 1:1 to receive double-blind treatment with Sertraline vs. Placebo as an adjunctive treatment. The manualized therapy provides standard cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) addressing alcohol use and prolonged exposure (PE) behavioral therapy targeting PTSD. Sertraline is a common treatment for PTSD and psychiatric disturbance but is hypothesized to have differential efficacy in different subtypes of alcohol drinking patients. A stratified randomization scheme will balance placebo and sertraline assignment to two groups, and a post-hoc clustering approach will be used to determine which subgroups of dual diagnosis patients may benefit from sertraline vs. placebo treatment.

Veterans with PTSD who regularly drink more than 5 standard drinks of alcohol in a day (note one 12oz beer = one standard drink) may be eligible for the study if they meet criteria.
A system and method comprising: providing a medical image showing structures (i.e. organs or anatomic features), generating a contour for (i.e. segmenting) a structure, determining if the contour conforms to guidelines for the structure, providing feedback about the quality of the contour, and adjusting the contour in response to the feedback. The contour may be generated manually or semi-automatically. An infringement zone may be determined defining a region of the image where a contour cannot be placed. The guidelines may refer to anatomic boundaries, structures or features and may be chosen manually or automatically. The reference anatomy may be identified using atlas-based auto-contouring or machine learning methods. The image may be one of a CT, CBCT, PET, SPECT, or MRI scan. The feedback may be provided as a report comprising natural language and/or annotation indicating the type and location of error. Also disclosed is a system and method for reviewing a previously contoured image.
BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification, which is characterized by calcium deposition in arterial walls and the osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, is an actively regulated process that involves complex mechanisms. Vascular calcification is associated with increased cardiovascular adverse events. The role of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is the most abundant stable product of lipid peroxidation, in vascular calcification has been poorly investigated.
METHODS: Serum was collected from patients with chronic kidney disease and controls, and the levels of 4-HNE and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α were measured. Sections of coronary atherosclerotic plaques from donors were immunostained to analyze calcium deposition and 4-HNE. A total of 658 patients with coronary artery disease who received coronary computed tomography angiography were recruited to analyze the relationship between coronary calcification and the rs671 mutation in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). ALDH2 knockout (ALDH2-/-) mice, smooth muscle cell-specific ALDH2 knockout mice, ALDH2 transgenic mice, and their controls were used to establish vascular calcification models. Primary mouse aortic smooth muscle cells and human aortic smooth muscle cells were exposed to medium containing β-glycerophosphate and CaCl2 to investigate cell calcification and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
RESULTS: Elevated 4-HNE levels were observed in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease and model mice and were detected in calcified artery sections by immunostaining. ALDH2 knockout or smooth muscle cell-specific ALDH2 knockout accelerated the development of vascular calcification in model mice, whereas overexpression or activation prevented mouse vascular calcification and the osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In patients with coronary artery disease, patients with ALDH2 rs671 gene mutation developed more severe coronary calcification. 4-HNE promoted calcification of both mouse aortic smooth muscle cells and human aortic smooth muscle cells and their osteochondrogenic differentiation in vitro. 4-HNE increased the level of Runx2 (runt-related transcription factor-2), and the effect of 4-HNE on promoting vascular smooth muscle cell calcification was ablated when Runx2 was knocked down. Mutation of Runx2 at lysine 176 reduced its carbonylation and eliminated the 4-HNE-induced upregulation of Runx2.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that 4-HNE increases Runx2 stabilization by directly carbonylating its K176 site and promotes vascular calcification. ALDH2 might be a potential target for the treatment of vascular calcification.
Recent findings in cancer research have pointed towards the bidirectional interaction between circadian and hypoxia pathways. However, little is known about their crosstalk mechanism. In this work, we aimed to investigate this crosstalk at a network level utilizing the omics information of gallbladder cancer. Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analysis were used for selecting the crucial genes from both the pathways, followed by the construction of a logical crosstalk model using GINsim. Functional circuit identification and node perturbations were then performed. Significant node combinations were used to investigate the temporal behavior of the network through MaBoSS. Lastly, the model was validated using published in vitro experimentations. Four new positive circuits and a new axis viz. BMAL1/ HIF1αβ/ NANOG, responsible for stemness were identified. Through triple node perturbations viz.a. BMAL:CLOCK (KO or E1) + P53 (E1) + HIF1α (KO); b. P53 (E1) + HIF1α (KO) + MYC (E1); and c. HIF1α (KO) + MYC (E1) + EGFR (KO), the model was able to inhibit cancer growth and maintain a homeostatic condition. This work provides an architecture for drug simulation analysis to entrainment circadian rhythm and in vitro experiments for chronotherapy-related studies. Insight Box. Circadian rhythm and hypoxia are the key dysregulated processes which fuels-up the cancer growth. In the present work we have developed a gallbladder cancer (GBC) specific Boolean model, utilizing the RNASeq data from GBC dataset and tissue specific interactions. This work adequately models the bidirectional nature of interactions previously illustrated in experimental papers showing the effect of hypoxia on dysregulation of circadian rhythm and the influence of this disruption on progression towards metastasis. Through the dynamical study of the model and its response to different perturbations, we report novel triple node combinations that can be targeted to efficiently reduce GBC growth. This network can be used as a generalized framework to investigate different crosstalk pathways linked with cancer progression.
Individually titrate Methadone Hydrochloride Intensol™ to a dose that provides adequate analgesia and minimizes adverse reactions. Continually reevaluate patients receiving Methadone Hydrochloride Intensol™ to assess the maintenance of pain control and the relative incidence of adverse reactions, as well as monitoring for the development of addiction, abuse, or misuse [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Frequent communication is important among the prescriber, other members of the healthcare team, the patient, and the caregiver/family during periods of changing analgesic requirements, including initial titration. During chronic therapy, periodically reassess the continued need for the use of opioid analgesics.

Patients who experience breakthrough pain may require a dose increase of Methadone Hydrochloride Intensol™, or may need rescue medication with an appropriate dose of an immediate-release analgesic. If the level of pain increases after dosage stabilization, attempt to identify the source of increased pain before increasing the Methadone Hydrochloride Intensol™ dosage.

Because of individual variability in the pharmacokinetic profile (i.e., terminal half-life (T1/2) from 8 to 59 hours in different studies [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], titrate Methadone Hydrochloride Intensol™ slowly, with dose increases no more frequent than every 3 to 5 days. However, because of this high variability, some patients may require substantially longer periods between dose increases (up to 12 days). Monitor patients closely for the development of potentially life-threatening adverse reactions (e.g., CNS and respiratory depression).

If unacceptable opioid-related adverse reactions are observed, the subsequent doses may be reduced and/or the dosing interval adjusted (i.e., every 8 hours or every 12 hours). Adjust the dose to obtain an appropriate balance between management of pain and opioid-related adverse reactions.
We propose a randomized double blinded placebo controlled clinical trial. Healthy females undergoing outpatient surgery will be recruited . Before surgery patients will be tested for pain sensitivity and threshold using a Pathway Pain \& sensory evaluation system (Medoc, Dunham, NC).Subjects will randomized using a computer generated table of random numbers to two groups: Active (Esmolol 0.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 5-15 mcg/kg/min titrated to keep heart rate between 50 and 70 BPM) or control (same volume of normal saline).The infusion will be discontinued at the end of the surgical procedure. Subjects will receive a standard anesthetic regimen: Induction (2 mg versed, 1-2mg /kg propofol and 0.6mg/kg of rocuronium), maintenance (Sevoflurane titrated to a Bispectral index between 40-60 and fentanyl 50 mcg q 10 minutes to maintain blood pressure within 20% of baseline value. Patients will receive at the end of surgery ondansetron 4 mg IV to prevent nausea and/or vomiting. The postoperative analgesic regimen will also be standardized with hydromorphone 0.4 mg every 15 minutes to treat pain greater than 4/10 (scale where 0 means no pain and 10 means the worst possible pain) and hydrocodone 10 mg/acetaminophen 325 for pain control after discharge. Patients will receive ephedrine 5 mg q5minutes if blood pressure is lower than 40% baseline or if the heart rate is less than 40 beats per minute. Before hospital discharge patients will again be tested for pain sensitivity and threshold using a Pathway Pain \& sensory evaluation system (Medoc, Dunham, NC).

The primary outcome will be a validated instrument to measure postoperative quality of recovery (QoR-40) that will be administered to patients by an investigator unaware of group allocation at 24 hours after the surgery.Other outcomes to be evaluated include; postoperative pain sensitivity and threshold, postoperative opioid consumption, postoperative pain, time to meet discharge criteria using a validated instrument (PADDS).
Following negative aspiration, SSACNB volume will be randomized and subjects will receive 5, 10 or 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine will be incrementally injected. Randomization of the volume of bupivacaine will be determined by opening a sequential, pre-sealed envelope with the group assignment designated within. All studied volumes are well within the acceptable range for SSACNB.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject compound useful as a therapeutic agent effective for osteoporosis caused by dissolution of collagen, having excellent inhibitory action on cathepsin L. CONSTITUTION:A physiologically active peptide-based compound of formula I (R is H or -OH) such as cathestatin A of formula II. Cathestatin A has the following physical properties. Appearance: white powder. Molecular formula: C17H23N3O5. Molecular weight: 349. Mass spectrum: (SI-Mass)350(M+H)<+>. Solubility: soluble in water, DMSO and acetic acid, insoluble in benzene, ethyl acetate and chloroform. Color reaction: positive to ninhydrin, etc. The compound of formula I is obtained by culturing a strain SCRC-OB16 (FERM-P-13,390), a newly separated one from a sponge in a sea area of Misaki at Yokosuka city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, under an aerobic condition at pH6-7 at 20-30 deg.C for 2-10 days.
Tolcapone, when administered alone during organogenesis, was not teratogenic at doses of up to 300 mg/kg/day in rats or up to 400 mg/kg/day in rabbits (5.7 times and 15 times the recommended daily clinical dose of 600 mg, on a mg/m2 basis, respectively). In rabbits, however, an increased rate of abortion occurred at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day (3.7 times the daily clinical dose on a mg/m2 basis) or greater. Evidence of maternal toxicity (decreased weight gain, death) was observed at 300 mg/kg in rats and 400 mg/kg in rabbits. When tolcapone was administered to female rats during the last part of gestation and throughout lactation, decreased litter size and impaired growth and learning performance in female pups were observed at a dose of 250/150 mg/kg/day (dose reduced from 250 to 150 mg/kg/day during late gestation due to high rate of maternal mortality; equivalent to 4.8/2.9 times the clinical dose on a mg/m2 basis).

Tolcapone is always given concomitantly with levodopa/carbidopa, which is known to cause visceral and skeletal malformations in rabbits. The combination of tolcapone (100 mg/kg/day) with levodopa/carbidopa (80/20 mg/kg/day) produced an increased incidence of fetal malformations (primarily external and skeletal digit defects) compared to levodopa/carbidopa alone when pregnant rabbits were treated throughout organogenesis. Plasma exposures to tolcapone (based on AUC) were 0.5 times the expected human exposure, and plasma exposures to levodopa were 6 times higher than those in humans under therapeutic conditions. In a combination embryo-fetal development study in rats, fetal body weights were reduced by the combination of tolcapone (10, 30 and 50 mg/kg/day) and levodopa/carbidopa (120/30 mg/kg/day) and by levodopa/carbidopa alone. Tolcapone exposures were 0.5 times expected human exposure or greater: levodopa exposures were 21 times the expected human exposure or greater. The high dose of 50 mg/kg/day of tolcapone given alone was not associated with reduced fetal body weight (plasma exposures of 1.4 times the expected human exposure).

There is no experience from clinical studies regarding the use of TASMAR in pregnant women. Therefore, TASMAR should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exert a scent, infiltration into the skin and a thermal effect compositely and multiplicatively by forming this thermal sticking body with a heating element and a therapeutic scent generating material, and emitting the scent to the surrounding from the therapeutic scent generating material with the heat of the heating element. SOLUTION: A layer 1 containing balm is used as a lower layer, a layer 2 containing a heating element is used as an upper layer, and both layers 1, 2 are integrally embedded in an air-permeable bag-like body. The balm and heating element may be contained in one layer instead of two layers. A thermal sticking body is formed, and it is stuck to the skin by a sticking agent for use. A heating composition containing a porous natural mineral heated under the existence of air, e.g. vermiculite, baked vermiculite or granite porphyry, may be used for the heating element. A heating element reacted with water may be used. A scent effect, a thermal effect and a material infiltration effect can be exerted multiplicatively and compositely according to this constitution.
Patient records from patients underwent colorectal surgery between 2010-2011 will be studied. It was planned to include patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery with a predetermined anaesthesia protocol.

Patients will receive a standardized general anesthetic and thoracal epidural anaesthesia. Ventilatory parameters will be adjusted to maintain ETCO2 35 mmHg, Paw 25 cmH2O.Patient age, gen-der, BMI, ASA classification, the duration of surgery, anesthesia, Trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum. Hemodynamic parameters, blood gas analyzes, ventilation parameters and EtCO₂ values will be recorded. We determined 6 timelines to compare the difference between PaCO₂ and EtCO₂. These timelines were the times where we could collect the most data regarding blood gas analyzes. Preoperative period: to, 10th minute after the first insuflation and trendelendburg position: t₁,the first hour after the first insuflation and trendelendburg position: t₂, 10th minute after desuflation and supine position: t₃, 10th minute after the second insuflation and trendelendburg position: t₄, and 10th minute after the second desuflation and supine position:t₅. Primary outcome measure is the difference between PaCO₂ and EtCO₂ a difference greater than 5 mmHg was assumed to be important.
OBJECTIVES: Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery pneumonectomy (U-VATS-P) is feasible and safe from a perioperative standpoint. How to choose the proper chest tube and drainage method is important in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. In this study, we aimed to assess the safety of one 8.5-Fr (1Fr = 0.333 mm) pigtail catheter for postoperative continuous open gravity drainage after U-VATS-P.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a single surgeon's experience with U-VATS-P for lung cancer from May 2016 to September 2022. Patients were managed with one 8.5-Fr pigtail catheter for postoperative continuous open gravity drainage after U-VATS-P. The clinical characteristics and perioperative outcomes of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: In total, 77 patients had one 8.5-Fr pigtail catheter placed for postoperative continuous open gravity drainage after U-VATS-P for lung cancer. The mean age was 60.9±7.39 (40-76) years; The mean FEV1 was 2.1±0.6 (l/s), and the mean FEV1% was 71.2±22.7. The median operative time was 191.38±59.32 min; the mean operative hemorrhage was 109.46±96.56 ml; the mean duration of postoperative chest tube drainage was 6.80±2.33 days; the mean drainage volumes in the first three days after operation were 186.31±50.97, 321.97±52.03, and 216.44±35.67 ml, respectively; and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.90±2.58 days. No patient experienced complications resulting from chest tube malfunction. Ten patients experienced minor complications. One patient with nonlife-threatening empyema and bronchopleural fistula required short rehospitalization for anti-inflammatory therapy and reintubation. Three patients with chylothorax were treated with intravenous nutrition. Four patients had atrial fibrillation that was controlled by antiarrhythmic therapy. Two patients had more thoracic hemorrhagic exudation after the operation, which was found in time and was cured effectively, so they were discharged from the hospital uneventfully after early hemostatic therapy and nutritional support.
CONCLUSIONS: All patients in this study received early postoperative rehabilitation, and the rate of relevant complications was low. We therefore recommend a single 8.5-Fr pigtail catheter for postoperative continuous open gravity drainage as an effective, safe and reliable drainage method for the management of U-VATS-P.
A first signal is ready from a first machine-readable object, which may be part of a peg stored in a surgical asset tray. A first part number of a first surgical asset is identified based on the first signal. A label is printed to include a first machine-readable visual indicia representing the first part number. A second signal is optically read from the first machine-readable visual indicia. The first part number of the first surgical asset is identified based on the second signal. The first part number of the first surgical asset is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. This method enables information about surgical assets used in the field to be transferred from machine-readable objects into electronic data stores efficiently, effectively, and semi-automatically.
Financial toxicity is common in individuals with COVID-19 and Long COVID. However, the extent of financial toxicity experienced, in comparison to other common comorbidities, is uncertain. Contributing factors exacerbating financial challenges in Long COVID are also unclear. These knowledge gaps are addressed via a cross-sectional analysis utilizing data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a representative sample drawn from the United States. COVID-19 cases were identified through self-reported positive testing or physician diagnoses. Long COVID was defined as experiencing COVID-19-related symptoms for more than three months. Comorbidity was assessed based on self-reported diagnoses of ten doctor-diagnosed conditions (Yes/No). Financial toxicity was defined as having difficulty paying medical bills, cost-related medication nonadherence, delaying healthcare due to cost, and/or not obtained healthcare due to cost. A total of 27,492 NHIS 2022 respondents were included in our analysis, representing 253 million U.S. adults. In multivariable logistic regression models, adults with Long COVID (excluding respondents with COVID-19 but not Long COVID), showed increased financial toxicity compared to those with other comorbidities, such as epilepsy (OR [95% CI]: 1.69 [1.22, 2.33]), dementia (1.51 [1.01, 2.25]), cancer (1.43 [1.19, 1.71]) or respiratory/cardiovascular conditions (1.18 [1.00, 1.40]/1.23 [1.02, 1.47]). Long COVID-related financial toxicity was associated with female sex, age <65 years, lack of medical insurance, current paid employment, residence region, food insecurity, fatigue, mild to severe depression symptoms experienced during the survey completion, visits to hospital emergency rooms, presence of arthritis, cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, and social activity limitations. In conclusion, American adults with Long COVID, but not those who had prior COVID-19 infection without Long COVID, exhibited a higher prevalence of financial toxicity compared to individuals with common comorbidities. Vulnerable populations were at greater risk for financial toxicity. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating strategies to reduce economic burden and increase awareness of the effect of Long COVID-related financial toxicity on patient's healthcare and health status.