anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The host response to infection and other forms of tissue injury has been termed the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). SIRS is seen in association with a wide variety of non-infective insults, including major trauma and surgical procedures, including those necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this population the incidence of SIRS is high, afflicting up to 70% of patients. This may be manifest from an increased vasopressor requirement, to refractory hypotension, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with liver, renal, myocardial, and neurological problems. MODS is associated with significant mortality rates of around 30-45%. Survivors require prolonged and costly intensive care, thereby representing a considerable burden for the healthcare services. Survivors often suffer considerable morbidity and have significantly impaired health related quality of life.

Despite intense investigations of anti-inflammatory therapies in SIRS and its sequelae, the case of patients is largely supportive whilst underlying triggers (such as infection) for the process are treated. Indeed, the only therapy drotrecogin alfa (activated) demonstrated to reduced mortality in a randomised study has only been investigated in patients with the most severe SIRS consequent of infection (i.e. severe sepsis) and is contra-indicated in those who have just undergone surgery.

Haemolysis is a common feature of surgery requiring CPB and may potentiate the development of SIRS and organ injury through the release of heme/iron. Furthermore, haemolysis during CPB may lead to the depletion of important mechanisms which scavenge free heme/hemoglobin from the circulation. Albumin, the most abundant plasma protein, has specific and non-specific heme and iron binding sites which are used under circumstances in which standard scavengers are overwhelmed. However, albumin is also depleted following CPB. It is therefore hypothesised that by priming the CPB circuit with albumin the heme/iron scavenging capability of the plasma will be maintained following surgery and that the systemic inflammatory response will be attenuated.
The KRAS mutation stands out as one of the most influential oncogenic mutations, which directly regulates the hallmark features of cancer and interacts with other cancer-causing driver mutations. However, there remains a lack of precise information on their cooccurrence with mutated variants of KRAS and any correlations between KRAS and other driver mutations. To enquire about this issue, we delved into cBioPortal, TCGA, UALCAN, and Uniport studies. We aimed to unravel the complexity of KRAS and its relationships with other driver mutations. We noticed that G12D and G12V are the prevalent mutated variants of KRAS and coexist with the TP53 mutation in PAAD and CRAD, while G12C and G12V coexist with LUAD. We also noticed similar observations in the case of PIK3CA and APC mutations in CRAD. At the transcript level, a positive correlation exists between KRAS and PIK3CA and between APC and KRAS in CRAD. The existence of the co-mutation of KRAS and other driver mutations could influence the signaling pathway in the neoplastic transformation. Moreover, it has immense prognostic and predictive implications, which could help in better therapeutic management to treat cancer.
PURPOSE: To obtain a hair tonic having preventing effect on removal of hair and promoting effect on hair production, comprising an extract of a plant of the family Euphorbiaceae growing in the Andean district in Peru as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION: This hair tonic comprises 0.005-20wt.% calculated as a dried material of an extract of a plant derived from Jatropha curcas L. or Jatropha gossypifolia L. of the family Euphorbiaceae, a crude medicine from Peru, called Pinon Negro or Pinon Blanco, as an active ingredient. The plant is extracted with a solvent (e.g. methanol). The hair tonic is properly mixed with conventional components, prepared into properties appl icable to pellicle such as liquid, emulsion or ointment and percutaneously administered by direct application or spraying to skin. A dose is 0.01-100mg/kg/day.
This R21 application aims to clarify the neurobiological mechanisms by which change occurs during cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder (MDD). This hypothesis-driven study will explore the association between the psychological constructs of psychological mindedness (PM) and mindfulness (M) during the time course of CBT for MDD, and its relationship to electrophysiological and behavioral measures of automatic (i.e. stimulus-driven or bottom-up) emotion processing. This objective is motivated by the following rationale: PM and M represent different meta-cognitive processes of self-knowledge deemed critical for emotion regulation (ER) and CBT success. Event-related potentials (ERPs) to salient affective pictures reflect different stages of motivated attention. Using advanced analytic EEG techniques, we have linked these stages to the hierarchical activation of 'emotional' brain regions along the occipitotemporal ventral stream, ranging from preconscious stimulus categorization (right secondary visual cortex, right temporoparietal junction) to conscious appraisal (posterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial cortex). Importantly, blunted ERP responses to emotionally-arousing stimuli have been observed in clinical depression, and hypoactivation of right temporoparietal and dorsolateral prefrontal regions normalize after successful antidepressant or electroconvulsive treatment. A dichotic emotion recognition test, which provides an auditory measure of bottom-up emotion processing in form of a left ear (right hemisphere) advantage for recognizing the emotional intonation of speech patterns, has revealed behavioral deficits in MDD patients. Moreover, an increased right ear advantage for verbal stimuli (left hemisphere) is seen in CBT responders. Employing a sample of 60 MDD patients randomly assigned to CBT or nonspecific supportive therapy (placebo), we will obtain psychological, electrophysiological, behavioral and clinical outcome measures of response to 12 weeks of CBT in a pre-post treatment design to determine: (1) when and where in the brain automatic emotion processing is altered by CBT; (2) if changes in emotional responding are moderated or mediated by meta-cognitive processes of self-knowledge; and, (3) if these measures, alone or in combination, have promise as markers of CBT treatment response. Existing ERP and behavioral data for healthy adults (HC) obtained using the same experimental protocols will provide normative (yardstick) data. This study brings together experienced clinical psychologists and psychiatrists doing treatment and research in depression with investigators having expertise in affective neuroscience and electrophysiological studies in MDD. It will provide a critical new step for outlining the affective-cognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms of ER by which change through CBT occurs. Apart from their theoretical relevance, the findings of this project will also aid in developing novel and more targeted interventions and in identifying patients who may benefit most from CBT for unipolar depression.
PURPOSE: A polysaccharide of lotus roots is provided to enhance skin moisturization, anti-inflammatory activity, to relieve skin irritation, to suppress erythema caused by UV ray, and to treat skin inflammation and irritation. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for relieving skin irritation contains 0.005-5 wt% of polysacchrides of lotus roots. The polysaccharides are applied by sub-microcapsulation, microcapsulation, or liposomization. The cosmetic composition further contains lactic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, or retinol. A cosmetic composition for skin moisturization contains 0.005-5 wt% of the polysaccharides. [Reference numerals] (AA) Polysaccharides of lotus roots; (BB) Extract of lotus roots; (CC) UV irradiation
Uterine leiomyomas, commonly called fibroids, are a major health concern for women of reproductive age. The objectives of the study described herein are to investigate the growth dynamics of uterine leiomyomas in a clinically relevant population of women. We will test the hypotheses that uterine leiomyomas are heterogeneous in terms of their growth characteristics and in their clinical symptoms or outcomes, and that differences in leiomyoma growth dynamics can be discriminated by molecular markers and cellular phenotypes. Participants will include 300 premenopausal women (greater than 18 years old) with at least one uterine leiomyoma. The inclusion criteria for patient enrollment is confirmed diagnosis of leiomyoma by ultrasound. At least one leiomyoma must be equal to or greater than 2 cm in diameter and the uterus must be enlarged to the size typical during the eigth week of pregnancy. After enrollment and informed consent, T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans will be conducted beginning at the first visit and then at 3, 6, and 12 months. Each patient will have a physical exam, provide urine and blood samples at each MRI visit, and respond to an initial extensive telephone-administered questionnaire followed by abbreviated monthly questionnaire updates. A number of the enrolled women will require surgical intervention (hysterectomy/myomectomy) as standard care. If surgery is an outcome for women enrolled in the study, MRI will be conducted before surgery and the surgical pathologist will map uterine leiomyomas for comparison to MRI. Leiomyoma samples will be analyzed for histopathological and molecular changes correlated with growth. Because hysterectomy and myomectomy are common outcomes in women with leiomyomas, we anticipate tissue will be available from at least 100 of the 300 women in the study. For those women who opt for surgery, we will also administer a brief (less than 5 minute) questionnaire clarifying their reason for electing surgery. Upon completion of data collection, we will be able to compare leiomyoma growth as a function of multiplicity and location; examine the relationship between leiomyoma growth and clinical symptoms or outcome; identify molecular, cellular, and pathological characteristics of leiomyomas with differing growth dynamics; and examine endocrinological parameters and lifestyle factors related to differential growth dynamics of uterine leiomyomas. The data may be used to establish a clinical severity scale and establish diagnostic markers currently not available for uterine leiomyomas.
This study introduces a novel approach utilizing a temporary drug-eluting hydrogel corneal patch to prevent neovascularization, alongside a numerical predictive tool for assessing the release and transport kinetics of bevacizumab (BVZ) after the keratoplasty. A key focus was investigating the impact of tear film clearance on the release kinetics and drug transport from the designed corneal patch. The proposed tear drug clearance model incorporates the physiological mechanism of lacrimal flow (tear turnover), distinguishing itself from previous models. Validation against experimental data confirms the model's robustness, despite limitations such as a 2D axisymmetrical framework and omission of blink frequency and saccadic eye movements potential effects. Analysis highlights the significant influence of lacrimal flow on ocular drug transport, with the corneal patch extending BVZ residence time compared to topical administration. This research sets the stage for exploring multi-layer drug-eluting corneal patches as a promising therapeutic strategy in ocular health.
AIM: To assess the role of hyperfiltration for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study enrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with an initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or higher. Patients were categorized into two groups: hyperfiltration (eGFR exceeding the age- and gender-specific 95th percentile values from a prior national cohort study) and normofiltration. Rapid DKD progression was defined as an eGFR decline of more than 5 mL/min/1.73m2/year. We used a linear mixed effect model and Cox regression with time-varying covariate model to compare eGFR changes and identify factors associated with rapid DKD progression.
RESULTS: Of the enrolled 7563 T2D patients, 7.2% had hyperfiltration. The hyperfiltration group exhibited a higher rate of eGFR decline compared with the normofiltration group (-2.0 ± 0.9 vs. -1.1 ± 0.9 mL/min/1.73m2/year; P < .001). During an average follow-up period of 4.65 ± 3.86 years, 24.7% of patients with hyperfiltration experienced rapid DKD progression, compared with 15.7% of patients with normofiltration (P < .001). Cox regression analyses identified that initial hyperfiltration was a significant determinant of rapid DKD progression, with a hazard ratio of 1.66 (95% confidence interval: 1.41-1.95; P < .001). When combined with albuminuria, the risk of progression was further compounded (hazard ratio 1.76-3.11, all P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS: In addition to using the current Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes CGA classification system, considering glomerular hyperfiltration status can improve the accuracy of predicting DKD progression.
Perifosine 207: a Phase IIA Trial of Two Schedules of Perifosine Arm A: 50 mg daily with food. Arm B: 50 mg twice daily with food.
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is commonly used in clinical practice because of its sedative, analgesic, antisympathetic, hemodynamic stabilization and antianxiety effects. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated that DEX plays a role in both the prevention and treatment of perioperative arrhythmias. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of DEX remain unclear. Furthermore, few studies have examined the effect of DEX on cardiac electrophysiology. ECG recording was performed in vivo and ex vivo on C57 mice. Simultaneous recording of membrane voltage (Vm) and [Ca2+]i changes was achieved with dual-dye optical mapping, in which voltage- and Ca2+-sensitive dyes are employed. Simultaneous programmed electrical stimulation was used to pacing and induce arrhythmias. Simulating catecholamine-induced arrhythmias with isoprotereno (ISO) and preconditioning with DEX to investigate the antiarrhythmic effects of DEX. Our findings demonstrated that ISO increased the incidence of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in mice during rapid pacing stimulation. DEX preconditioning reduced the incidence of ISO-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Optical mapping with simultaneous recordings of dual dyes (Vm dye and intracellular Ca2+ dye) revealed that DEX pretreatment attenuated the ISO-induced shortening of action potential duration (APD), calcium transient duration (CaTD), and time-to-peak (TTP) of calcium transients, as well as the ISO-induced increase in repolarization heterogeneity. DEX also slowed the conduction velocity. More importantly, DEX preconditioning significantly reduced the calcium transient alternans ratio at 80-ms, 70-ms, and 60-ms pacing cycles. These findings suggest that DEX preconditioning can reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias induced by acute stress simulated by ISO. Prolongation of action potential duration and calcium transient duration and the maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis may be the electrophysiological mechanisms involved.
Sema4D (CD100) is closely related to pathological and physiological processes, including tumor growth, angiogenesis and cardiac development. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of Sema4D in cardiac hypertrophy are still unclear to date. To assess the impact of Sema4D on pathological cardiac hypertrophy, TAC surgery was performed on C57BL/6 mice which were transfected with AAV9-mSema4D-shRNA or AAV9-mSema4D adeno-associated virus by tail vein injection. Our results indicated that Sema4D knockdown mitigated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction when exposed to pressure overload, and Sema4D downregulation markedly inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II. Meanwhile, Sema4D overexpression had the opposite effect in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, analysis of signaling pathways showed that Sema4D activated the MAPK pathway during cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, and the pharmacological mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor U0126 almost completely reversed Sema4D overexpression-induced deteriorated phenotype, resulting in improved cardiac function. Further research indicated that myocardial hypertrophy induced by Sema4D was closely related to the expression of the pyroptosis-related proteins PP65, NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD, IL-18 and IL-1β. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Sema4D regulated the process of pathological myocardial hypertrophy through modulating MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, and Sema4D may be the promising interventional target of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Curcumin compositions herein are described for improving muscle performance, endurance capacity and resistance to fatigue, when administered in effective amounts to a subject in need of such improvement. The compositions are comprised of curcumin and at least one pharmaceutically and/or nutraceutically acceptable excipient such as a hydrophilic carrier and exhibit enhanced bioavailability. More particularly methods are described and include use of curcumin compositions to increase exercise time, performance and capacity and to prevent muscle soreness, fatigue and injury. The compositions enhance mitochondrial biogenesis by modulating mitochondrial function, increasing mitochondrial mass and oxygen consumption, thus increasing mitochondrial aerobic capacity. The compositions reduce oxidative muscle stress, by decreasing inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory markers. Curcumin compositions are safe for consumption for pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical purposes and are prepared by economic methods using conventional equipments and can be effectively used for enhancing muscle and exercise performance.
Participants will engage in balance and postural control training on a robotic balance platform called Hunova (Movendo, Italy). Before balance training, the current intensity of 2 mA will be delivered to the leg motor area identified using neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation, and the stimulation will be turned ON for 20 minutes.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of interventional treatment in patients with hypoperfusion cerebral infarction in the territory of the lenticulostriate arteries caused by middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis.
METHODS: A prospective, single-center, non-blinded research design was employed to assess the efficacy of interventional treatment for hypoperfusion cerebral infarction in the territory of the lenticulostriate arteries caused by MCA stenosis. Clinical and surgical data were collected from patients with MCA atherosclerotic disease who underwent interventional therapy at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. The intervention group consisted of 8 patients meeting the criteria for hypoperfusion cerebral infarction caused by MCA stenosis, while the control group comprised 8 patients with hypoperfusion cerebral infarction caused by middle cerebral artery stenosis who received conventional treatment. Clinical and imaging characteristics, perioperative complications, and follow-up outcomes were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: Pre-intervention cerebral perfusion imaging revealed significantly prolonged rMTT and rTTP, decreased rCBF, and altered rCBV within the territory of the lenticulostriate arteries in all 8 patients. Follow-up imaging showed restoration of blood flow and comparable perfusion to the healthy contralateral side. A case demonstrating successful restoration of vessel patency, good recovery, and absence of complications was presented. Both groups had favorable outcomes during follow-up, with no cases of stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), or death in the perioperative period. There were no significant differences in relative perfusion parameters, NIHSS scores, and mRS scores between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: Interventional treatment demonstrates good efficacy and low risk of complications in treating cortical watershed cerebral infarction caused by middle cerebral artery stenosis. It is an effective and safe alternative to conventional treatment.
ALKS 4230 will be administered via SC injection once every 7 or 21 days at escalating doses or at the recommended phase 2 dose and schedule; pembrolizumab will be administered as an intravenous infusion given over 30 minutes; the dose level for pembrolizumab will be 200 mg per the approved label. In December 2020, an RP2D of 3 mg with an administration schedule of q7d was determined for SC ALKS 4230.
This study is a multi-center, single arm, non-interventional study to assess the safety and performance of NOVOCART® Basic and the clinical outcome of MAC with NOVOCART® Basic in patients treated for cartilage defects in the knee. In this study data will be collected retrospectively from patient files of adult and pediatric patients who had received an MAC with NOVOCART® Basic for cartilage defects in the knee according to medical practice. In addition, at the time when a patient consents to participate in the study, he/she will have to fill-out questionnaires on current symptoms and knee function, quality of life, satisfaction with treatment and subsequent surgical interventions on the target knee performed outside the study site, i.e. the duration of follow-up is not standardized. All clinical sites having treated more than 8 patients with NOVOCART® Basic between 2014 and 2017 will be contacted for participation. Participating clinical sites will be asked to collect informed consent from their patients to document relevant data from their medical charts and to complete the questionnaires. Consenting patients will send the signed informed consent form(s) and the completed questionnaires back to the study site. The date of questionnaire completion is regarded the end of observation for an individual patient. For data documentation, a medical documentation specialist authorized by TETEC AG will be given access to the patient files, the informed consent forms, and the completed questionnaires. The relevant data will be entered directly into an electronic database by the medical documentation specialist. Only data from patients who have given informed consent to study participation will be documented. If available, post-MAC MRIs will be collected and reviewed by independent experts.
The investigators will recruit 108 adult women survivors of breast cancer living with chronic neuropathic pain. All will have their medical treatment optimized by a pain medicine specialist before being randomly assigned to either an 8-week group MBSR program or a wait-list. All participants will complete self-report questionnaires, provide a hair sample for cortisol measurements and a blood sample to measure several markers of immune function at four different time points: before medical treatment, after medical treatment and before randomization to MBSR or waiting, after the completion of MBSR as well as at 3-month follow-up. A sub-sample will complete a series of tasks while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after participation in MBSR.

The primary outcome is pain interference. The investigators will compare the proportion of participants who report reduced pain-related disability, as measured by the Brief Pain Inventory-Interference Scale, in each group. The primary hypothesis is that at 3-month follow-up, there will be at least 30% more responders (≥1.0 decrease in mean Brief Pain Inventory Interference score) in the interdisciplinary program in comparison to medical treatment alone.