anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The proposed, increased intensity dtDCS is a new, economical, noninvasive stimulation approach that has the potential for large-scale clinical application. Dual tDCS, in conjunction with physical and occupational therapy, is not only more effective in enhancing motor performance and cortical plasticity compared to sham, but approximately 50% more effective than cathodal or anodal stimulation in healthy subjects and after stroke. However, it will only be clinically useful and important if the beneficial effects persist over time in a wider stroke patient population. Improvement in inter-hemispheric balance, through an activation shift toward the affected hemisphere and clinical improvement in response to tDCS has been reported previously in small studies. Hemorrhagic stroke patients have not been evaluated.

The investigators will study rehabilitation associated cortical plasticity at a cellular level to gain insight into the neural substrates underlying the clinical improvement. There are no prior studies investigating the potential of VEGF polymorphisms to contribute to rehabilitative treatment-induced functional recovery in humans. The investigators expect that patients with VEGF genotype 2578A/A will recover less then subjects without this polymorphism. Since in animal models VEGF and BDNF have a complimentary role, VEGF polymorphism may explain some of the variability in strength of association between BDNF polymorphism Val66Met and recovery. This novel pilot study measures both the genetic and physiologic expression of multiple growth factors - before and after a promising new therapy regimen - to better understand the contribution of growth factors to long-term plasticity and functional recovery. If VEGF serum levels elevate with clinical improvement, then this may identify a new indicator of treatment efficacy that can be collected noninvasively and with little cost. The results will provide guidance for new inclusion/exclusion criteria for clinical studies based on genetic markers, as well as uncover the potential for new therapeutic strategies to enhance treatment efficacy by augmenting VEGF during rehabilitation with FDA-approved strategies currently in clinical trials for other conditions (NIH Clinical Trials Registry: NCT01384162, NCT00620217, and NCT00744315).
It is a portable videoryngoscope weighing only 325 grams. The CameraStickTM component consists of a light source and a miniature camera, and the image is displayed on a 1.7 inch LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen mounted on top of the laryngoscope handle. At the same time, the LCD screen maintains visual contact with the patient and the laryngoscope, can be rotated up to 90°, allowing the user to work in a comfortable posture while performing tracheal intubation. The blade length is suitable for children over 5 years old and adults, thus reducing the trouble of storing different sized blades in the emergency intubation trolley. The blades are sterile and there is no risk of contamination as they are disposable.
Asthmatic patients aged 14-year-old, and more were included in the study. Knowing that patient with the age of 14-year is treated as adults at Al Bashir Hospital. Smokers, patients reported to have taken antibiotics for at least two months before study enrolment, and patients who had other respiratory diseases or infections were excluded from the study.
FIELD: physiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the improved method for inhibition of aggregation of platelets. The improved method involves inhibition of aggregation of platelets using sulfur- containing heterocyclic compounds, namely, using the known benzo-1,2-dithiol-3-thione or its derivatives of the general formula:   wherein R 1 -R 4  mean hydrogen atom or C 1-4 -alkyl. Invention provides the enhanced effectiveness for inhibition of aggregation of platelets under in vitro conditions. EFFECT: improved inhibition method. 2 ex
BACKGROUND: Next generation sequencing (NGS) is standard of care for workup of many neoplasms including adenocarcinomas of the lung. Molecular testing of cytology samples is used for many types of neoplasms but the value of such testing for the selection of "first"- and "second-line" treatment protocols is incompletely understood.
METHODS: Fifty-six sequentially performed cytology specimens (49 fine needle aspirates and 7 fluids) submitted for molecular analysis were reviewed by a medical oncologist to determine specimen adequacy and utility of results for therapy selection. Chart review was performed to determine availability of microsatellite instability status, tumor mutational burden, and presence of driver mutations treatable with targeted therapy in a "first"- or "second-line" application.
RESULTS: Forty of 56 cases were successfully sequenced and 34% (19/56) had targetable mutations detected by NGS. Ten of these 19 cases (53%) received targeted therapy for their tumor type with five of 10 patients receiving "first-line" therapy and five (50%) "second-line" therapy. Twenty-two mutations were detected where no targeted therapy for the patient's tumor type existed but targeted therapies were available for other tumor types. Of these specimens, only one patient received treatment using protocols associated with a second tumor type. Total mutation burden and microsatellite instability status results were obtained in 29 of 56 cases (52%).
CONCLUSIONS: 71% (40/56) of cytologic specimens were adequate for sequencing with 34% (19/56) demonstrating a targetable mutation and 53% of these patients receiving therapy targeted to the driver mutation of their tumor type.
Patients receive nivolumab as in Arm A. Patients also receive ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo standard of care surgery within 2 weeks after day 43.
BACKGROUND: The standard for managing traumatic pneumothorax (PTX), hemothorax (HTX), and hemopneumothorax (HPTX) has historically been large-bore (LB) chest tubes (>20-Fr). Previous studies have shown equal efficacy of small-bore (SB) chest tubes (≤19-Fr) in draining PTX and HTX/HPTX. This study aimed to evaluate provider practice patterns, treatment efficacy, and complications related to the selection of chest tube sizes for patients with thoracic trauma.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on adult patients who underwent tube thoracostomy for traumatic PTX, HTX, or HPTX at a Level 1 Trauma Center from January 2016 to December 2021. Comparison was made between SB and LB thoracostomy tubes. The primary outcome was indication for chest tube placement based on injury pattern. Secondary outcomes included retained hemothorax, insertion-related complications, and duration of chest tube placement. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-one patients were included and 297 (87.1%) received LB tubes. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning tube failure and insertion-related complications. LB tubes were more frequently placed in patients with penetrating MOI, higher average ISS, and higher average thoracic AIS. Patients who received LB chest tubes experienced a higher incidence of retained HTX.
DISCUSSION: In patients with thoracic trauma, both SB and LB chest tubes may be used for treatment. SB tubes are typically placed in nonemergent situations, and there is apparent provider bias for LB tubes. A future randomized clinical trial is needed to provide additional data on the usage of SB tubes in emergent situations.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject accelerator for hydrophilic drugs, excellent in percutaneous absorption accelerating effect, by containing a specific amino acid derivative. SOLUTION: This accelerator contains, as the active ingredient, and amino acid derivative shown by formula I [R<1> is an OH-substitutable 5-24C saturated hydrocarbon, acyl or unsaturated hydrocarbon containing 1 to 3 OH-substitutable 5-24C double bond(s); R<2> is H or a group shown by formula II ((n) is 1 or 2; R<3> is H, methyl, isopropyl or the like; M is Na, K, amine or the like)]. When incorporated with the accelerator, a hydrophilic drug having a solubility of at least 0.01 is promptly absorbed through the skin to which it is applied. For the content of the percutaneous absorption accelerator, one pt.wt. of the hydrophilic drug contains 1.25×10<-5> to 10<4> pts.wt. of the accelerator.  This accelerator effectively enables the hydrophilic drug to pass through the external protective layer of the skin to reach the underneath tissues or to be released into the systemic circulatory system, being little toxic or irritant to a human body.
All participants will receive a combination of oral 800 mg tazemetostat BID and oral venetoclax. Since this is a phase 1 trial, the dose of venetoclax will be determined by the investigators per a sequential dose escalation (3+3). Participants will be provided study drug in the form of pills to take at home. Study participants will need to regularly come to the clinic for blood work, imaging, and to monitor and side effects. Participants may receive study drug until their cancer progresses or for up to 24 months.
Epilepsy is characterized by seizures, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the brain that temporarily disrupt normal brain function. Seizures are classified as "generalized," originating in both sides of the brain simultaneously, or "partial-onset," starting in one area of the brain. Antiepilepsy medications, such as topiramate, are selected based on seizure type. This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled study that includes a baseline phase and a treatment phase. During the baseline phase (8 weeks duration), patients receive a stable dose of one or two standard antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and the parent or guardian records the occurrences of seizure in a diary. Patients who continue to have seizures during treatment with standard AEDs proceed into the double-blind treatment phase. Patients then receive topiramate or placebo once daily at a dosage of 25 milligrams\[mg\] or 50 mg based on body weight (to 6mg/kg per day), increasing gradually to twice daily dosing at a maximum of 125-400 mg (based on body weight) for 112 days (16 weeks total duration of the double-blind phase), while continuing on their standard AED regimen. Assessments of effectiveness include the percent reduction in the average monthly seizure rate, percent of patients responding to treatment (having equal to or greater than 50% reduction in seizure rate), and the parent's or guardian's global assessment of medication at end of study. Safety assessments include the incidence of adverse events throughout the study, clinical laboratory tests (hematology, chemistry, urinalysis), neurologic examinations, and vital sign measurements (blood pressure, pulse, body weight) at specific intervals during the treatment phase. The study hypothesis is that topiramate, taken as add-on therapy to treatment with AEDs, will significantly reduce seizure frequency, compared with placebo, in children with refractory partial epilepsy: that is, children who continue to have seizures despite treatment with first-line AEDs. In addition, it is hypothesized that topiramate is well-tolerated. Oral topiramate, daily for 112 days. Starting dose is 25 mg or 50mg, based on body weight. Maximum doses based on patient weight: 125 mg/day (36-54 pounds\[lb\]); 175 mg/day (55-74 lb); 225 mg/day (75-94 lb); and 400 mg/day (95 or more pounds). Matching placebo was used to maintain blinding.
Elevated indoor levels of CO2 and the presence of body odor have been shown to have adverse effects on the cognitive function of building occupants. These factors may also contribute to impaired in-car driving performance, potentially posing a threat to transportation and public safety. To investigate the effects of CO2 and body odor on driving performance, we enrolled 25 participants in highway driving tasks under three indoor CO2 levels (800, 1800, and 3500 ppm) and two body odor conditions (presence and absence). CO2 was injected in the cabin to increase CO2 levels. In addition, we assessed working memory and reaction time using N-back tasks during driving. We found that driving speed, acceleration, and lateral control were not significantly affected by either CO2 or body odor. We observed no significant differences in sleepiness or emotion under varying CO2 or body odor conditions, except for a lower level of emotion valence with exposure to body odor. Task load was also not significantly impacted by CO2 or body odor levels, except for a higher reported effort at 1800 ppm compared to 800 ppm CO2. However, participants did demonstrate significantly higher accuracy with increased body odor exposure, suggesting a complex effect of volatile organic compounds on driver cognition. Our findings also revealed moderating effects of task difficulty of N-back tests and exposure duration on cognition and driving performance. This is one of the first few in-depth studies regarding environmental factors and their effect on drivers' cognition and driving performance, and these results provide valuable insights for car-cabin environmental design for air quality and driving safety.
PURPOSE:The titled remedy, containing a phenolic derivative as an active constituent, useful for the treatment of the skin chromatosis developed by the acquired cause, e.g. liver spots, and having improved effects with little irritant action on the skin. CONSTITUTION:A remedy for the skin chromatosis containing a phenolic derivative expressed by the formula[R is 1-5C alkyl (in which two or less hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group may be substituted by an amino, carboxyl group, etc.)], e.g. hydroxypropuophenone, as an active constituent. The cause and devel opmental mechanism of the skin chromatosis due to the acquired cause, e.g. liver spots, are generally considered as the irritation due to the abnormality of hormonal balance in the body and light irradiation, e.g. sunlight, resulting in the formation and deposition of the melanin pigment. Therefore, the phenolic derivative expressed by the formula in the form of an ointment, cream, lotion, etc. is applied to the affected part of the skin attacked by the chromatosis.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I (R1 is amino or acylamino; R2 is lower aliphatic hydrocarbon group) and its salt. EXAMPLE:7-[2-Ethoxyimino-2-( 5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl )acetamido]-3-(1-methyl-3-pyridiniooxymethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylate. USE:Antibacterial agent. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by hydrolyzing the carboxyl-protecting group of the compound of formula II (R3 is protected carboxyl; Z is acid residue) or its salt in the presence of e.g. trifluoroacetic acid. The starting compound is novel, and can be produced e.g. by reacting the compound of formula III with the compound of formula IV, and reducing the resultant compound of formula V with phosphorus trichloride, etc.
The placebo comes in a single 70 ml drink and is manufactured by James White Drinks. The placebo contains beetroot juice and 2% lemon juice, made from concentrates, and is filtered to remove nitrate.
BACKGROUND: Severe coronary artery disease (CAD) represents an advanced arterial narrowing, often associated with critical complications like myocardial infarction and angina. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate determinants of severe and multi-vessel CAD manifestations.
METHODS: One thousand nine hundred patients with severe and multivessel CAD (stenosis > 70%) were recruited along with 1,056 controls without stenosis. Associations using a genotyping panel comprising 159 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) previously implicated in CAD pathogenesis were examined and these associations were replicated using the UK Biobank cohort (N = 29,970).
RESULTS: The investigation identified 14 genetic associations with severe CAD, of which 7 were also associated with multivessel disease. Notably, PHACTR1 SNP (rs9349379*G) showed a higher association with severe and multivessel CAD in individuals aged ≤ 65, indicating a higher risk of early disease onset. Conversely, the APOC1/APOE SNP (rs445925*T) is associated with reduced susceptibility to severe CAD and multivessel disease in individuals aged over 65, indicating a persistent negative association.
CONCLUSIONS: Following replication of the associations in the large UK Biobank dataset, it was found that patients carrying the rs9349379*G variant in the PHACTR1 gene are at risk of developing severe or multivessel disease. Conversely, the rs445925*T variant in APOC1/APOE is associated with reduced susceptibility to severe CAD and multivessel disease, highlighting the significance of this genetic variant in these specific CAD presentations. This study contributes to a better understanding of CAD heterogeneity, paving the way for tailored management strategies based on genetic profiles.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject inhibitor having excellent apoptosis inhibiting actions by including troglitazone as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This inhibitor is obtained by including troglitazone or its pharmacologically acceptable salt (e.g. a sodium salt, a calcium salt or an ammonium salt) as an active ingredient. The daily dose of the active ingredient is preferably 0.1-1,000 mg at a time in the case of oral administration and 0.01-500 mg at a time in the case of intravenous administration. The above inhibitor is useful for diseases in the nervous system, e.g. ischemic disorders (e.g. cerebral apoplexy, cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction), inflammatory diseases (e.g. sequelae of encephalitis, acute diffuse cerebromeningitis or bacterial cerebromeningitis) or neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease or Down's syndrome).
The invention provides a preparation method of cordyceps militaris superfine powder. Fresh larval worms produced in a GAP planting base serve as raw materials. The method includes the steps of impurity removal and superfine preparation. The method is characterized in that superfine preparation includes the following technological processes of (1) cell wall breakage; (2) microwave dissolving; (3) high-pressure homogenity; (4) centrifuging and filtering; (5) vacuum drying; (6) superfine smashing. Finally, the cordyceps militaris superfine powder with the diameter being 23 microns or smaller is obtained, is rich in cordycepin, cordyceps acid, cordyceps polysaccharide, trace elements and other health-care nutrient substances and has natural fresh and micro fishy smell of cordyceps militaris. The superfine powder can be directly taken after being mixed with water or pressed into tablets and the like to be taken. Because the superfine powder can be taken without being decocted, the superfine powder is convenient to carry, high in utilization rate of effective components and environmentally friendly and is an ideal partner for customers.
Phosphorylated hesperidin containing at least three phosphorus atoms per molecule is prepared by dissolving hesperidin in a heterocyclic nitrogeneous organic solvent (pyridine, quinoline) and adding an inorganic oxygenated phosphohalogen esterifying agent, e.g. phosphorus oxychloride.  The mixture is quenched with water at a temperature below 40 DEG  C., filtered, the filtrate neutralized and the ester precipitated by addition of a C1 to C4 aliphatic alcohol. The product may be purified by dissolving in water and reprecipitated with alcohol.  Other precipitating agents are acetone, aliphatic ethers and ethyl acetate.  The ester may be used in therapeutic compositions containing ACTH (see Group VI).ALSO:A therapeutically active composition comprises ACTH and biochemically active phosphorylated hesperidin (i.e. active as a hyaluronidase inhibitor in vitro tests and in in vitro intradermal dye spreading and capillary permeability tests) containing at least three phosphorus atoms per molecule.  The ACTH may be in the form of crude gland extracts, partially purified concentrates or highly purified material.  A preferred form is ACTX-a solution-of chromatographically purified ACTH extract in a gelled colloid (gelatin).  The phosphorylated hesperidin may be prepared by reacting hesperidin with phosphorous oxychloride in pyridine or quinoline (see Group IV(b)). The compositions may be administered parenterally as solutions or suspensions in water, saline, oils (e.g. peanut oil) or suspensions or solutions of gelatin, pectin, methyl cellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak (AL) in upper gastrointestinal (UGI) surgery continues to be a diagnostic challenge. We seek to identify clinical parameters that predict AL and examine the effectiveness of investigations in evaluating AL following UGI surgeries.
METHODS: 592 patients underwent UGI surgeries with an anastomosis between January 2011 and January 2021. Data on patient characteristics, surgery, postoperative investigations and outcomes were prospectively collected and analysed.
RESULTS: The overall occurrence of AL was 6.4 %. Tachycardia >120 BPM (OR 6.959, 95 % CI 1.856-26.100, p = 0.004) and leukocyte count >19 × 109/L (OR 3.327, 95 % CI 1.009-10.967, p = 0.048) were independent predictors of AL. On multivariate analysis, patients whose anastomosis was deemed high risk and had pre-emptive investigation done postoperatively to exclude a leak were less likely to require intervention and were more likely to be managed conservatively (66.7 % vs 14.3 %, p = 0.025). Methylene blue test, oral contrast study and Computed Tomography scan with intravenous and oral contrast had 50.0 %, 20.0 % and 9.1 % false negative results, while esophagogastroduodenoscopy had none. There was no misdiagnosed AL when more than 1 investigation (n = 15, 39.5 %) were performed.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that the presence of a triad including desaturation, tachycardia and leucocytosis predicts for AL following UGI surgery and for confirmation of a leak, evaluation with 2 or more investigation is needed. A practice of evaluating high risk anastomosis prior to commencement of feeding decreased the need for surgical intervention and improves success of conservative treatment.
PCT No. PCT/EP93/01967 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 15, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 15, 1995 PCT Filed Jul. 24, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/26310 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 24, 1994The invention concerns tablets with improved bioavailability of the active substance dichloromethylenediphosphonic acid or of a physiologically tolerated salt thereof and with a content of microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical auxiliary substance, pharmaceutical packs containing these tablets, the use of the active substance dichloromethylenediphosphonic acid together with microcrystalline cellulose for the production of a tablet with improved bioavailability and the process for producing the tablet.