anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Status epilepticus (SE), the most severe form of epilepsy, leads to brain damage. Uncertainty persists about the mechanisms that lead to the pathophysiology of epilepsy and the death of neurons. Overloading of intracellular iron ions has recently been identified as the cause of a newly recognized form of controlled cell death called ferroptosis. Inhibiting ferroptosis has shown promise as a treatment for epilepsy, according to recent studies. So, the current study aimed to assess the possible antiepileptic impact of CoQ10 either alone or with the standard antiepileptic drug sodium valproate (SVP) and to evaluate the targeted effect of COQ10 on hippocampal oxidative stress and ferroptosis in a SE rat model. Using a lithium-pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy, we evaluated the effect of SVP, CoQ10, or both on seizure severity, histological, and immunohistochemical of the hippocampus. Furthermore, due to the essential role of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in inducing ferroptosis, we evaluated malonaldehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and ferritin in tissue homogenate. Our work illustrated that ferroptosis occurs in murine models of lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures (epileptic group). Nissl staining revealed significant neurodegeneration. A significant increase in the number of astrocytes stained with an astrocyte-specific marker was observed in the hippocampus. Effective seizure relief can be achieved in the seizure model by administering CoQ10 alone compared to SVP. This was accomplished by lowering ferritin levels and increasing GPX4, reducing MDA, and increasing GSH in the hippocampus tissue homogenate. In addition, the benefits of SVP therapy for regulating iron stores, GPX4, and oxidative stress markers were amplified by incorporating CoQ10 as compared to SVP alone. It was concluded that CoQ10 alone has a more beneficial effect than SVP alone in restoring histological structures and has a targeted effect on hippocampal oxidative stress and ferroptosis. In addition, COQ10 could be useful as an adjuvant to SVP in protecting against oxidative damage and ferroptosis-related damage that result from epileptic seizures.
This study is a randomized control trial that compares MCT to HIIT using a patient-centered and home-based delivery model with CF Care Centers in the United States. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an MCT or HIIT arm. Both the MCT and HIIT interventions are accepted forms of prescribed exercise in clinical practice. The interventions will be delivered with a telehealth platform using internet (HIPAA-Compliant video), phone, and email/text support. All study sites will receive initial and on-going training and program facilitation to assure consistency of delivering the intervention. All participants across both arms visit their respective CF clinics on a regular basis for routine CF care. Thus, our research team will be able to coordinate all testing/assessment visits, including long-term (18-month timepoint), with participants throughout the study. The primary and secondary outcomes include important patient-centered outcomes as selected by our study's CF Patient and Stakeholder Advisory Board.
Docetaxel will be administered via IV infusion on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle at a dose of 60 mg/m\^2 per day, and rhuMab 2C4 will be given on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle as a fixed-dose 420-mg IV infusion. For Cycle 1 only, rhuMab 2C4 administration will be delayed to Day 2 with an initial 840-mg loading dose. The incidence of DLTs will be used to guide intrapatient dose modification, as well as subsequent enrollment.
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been a dominating reason of mortality globally due to its complexity of etiology. A variety of gastrointestinal disorders (GDs) have been accounted to be related to CAD. Thus, this study aims to determine their causal relationship by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
METHODS: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) relevant to 22 GDs were employed as instrumental variables from the genome-wide association summary (GWAS) datasets. Genetic associations with CAD and HF were acquired from UK Biobank, FinnGen, and other GWAS studies. We conducted a univariable MR (UVMR) analysis followed by a meta-analysis. A multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was then performed with smoking and body mass index (BMI) as justifications. Also, a bi-directional MR analysis was leveraged to verify the reverse causal correlations.
RESULTS: Generally, UVMR analyses separately observed the causal effects of GDs on CAD and HF. Genetic liability to gastroesophageal reflux disease displayed a positive association with both CAD (OR=1.19; 95%CI: 1.01-1.41) and HF (OR=1.22; 95%CI: 1.00-1.49) risk; genetic liability to celiac disease separately attributed to CAD (OR=1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.03) and HF (OR=1.01; 95%CI: 1.00-1.02), which also maintained after MVMR analysis. Besides, we observed mutually causal associations between CAD and celiac disease.
CONCLUSION: Our work suggested that genetic susceptibility to some GDs might causally increase the risk of CAD and HF, emphasizing the importance of preventing CAD in patients with GDs.
Fetal growth abnormalities, such as macrosomia and intrauterine growth retardation, are an important cause for increased perinatal mortality in the United States. Toward this end, accurate fetal weight determinations are very important for guiding prenatal care. Three-dimensional ultrasound is a recent technology that provides a new way to evaluate the fetus. This technique allows one to arbitrarily scan through a digital ultrasound volume dataset, visualize organs from different perspectives, and render anatomical features through computer processing. It also allows the retrospective measurement of distances and volumes even in the physical absence of the patient.

This protocol consists of two study arms and emphasizes the ability of 3D ultrasound to reliably measure fetal soft tissue as an index of generalized nutritional status. The longitudinal arm will enroll 400 pregnancies to allow the use of 2D and 3D ultrasonography for characterizing serial growth patterns of sonographic parameters throughout pregnancy. This approach compares ultrasound measurements or birth characteristics to individual growth standards specified by Rossavik prediction models. After delivery, a maximum of 329 newborn infants, resulting from the same pregnancies, will have correlative photographs and measurements of their head, abdomen, thigh, skin folds, weight, and crown-heel length taken to classify growth outcome. Noninvasive air displacement plethymography will be used to measure neonatal percent body fat and lean body mass after delivery. Infant body composition data will allow the precise classification of neonatal growth outcome for subsequent correlation to prenatal sonographic studies. The cross-sectional arm of this protocol will allow sonographic studies of 2,577 fetuses with similar correlative neonatal evaluation of 1,212 infants for a total of 3,789 subjects. The results will be used to develop a new fetal weight estimation models that combine 2D and 3D sonographic parameters to improve accuracy and precision of these predictions. A maximum of 50 newborns from this cross-sectional arm will also be re-evaluated for infant body composition at 1 and 2 weeks following delivery to document changes in percent body fat and fat-free mass. Therefore, the subject recruitment ceiling would be (2,577 mothers + 1,212 infants) + (400 mothers + 329 infants) or 4,518 total subjects for this Protocol.
Screening for prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most controversial issues in urological practice. Although robust data from the European Randomised study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) suggest a disease specific survival benefit in favor of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based PCa screening, the coinciding unfavorable harm-benefit precludes that PCa screening can be adopted as a public health policy. The diagnostic pathway needs to be optimized to reduce unnecessary testing and to avoid diagnosing those cancers that will never harm a patient if not detected through screening. Some men may thus benefit from PCa screening, but with the currently used diagnostics (i.e. the PSA test and systematic TRUS (transrectal ultrasound )-guided prostate biopsy) many more men are harmed by unnecessary testing and the cascade of diagnostic and treatment related events that follow.

Further refinements to screening strategies, focusing on detecting only those PCa that are potentially life threatening (clinically significant) are needed to become acceptable to the general population and health care providers. The investigators propose such a refinement within this protocol, with upfront individual risk prediction and in addition a MRI-driven diagnostic pathway in only those men that are considered to be at intermediate/high-risk of having a potentially life threatening PCa (in general defined as Gleason sum Score (GS) =7).
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), caused by a pathogenic amoeba, is a sight-threatening corneal infection with severe pain, epithelial defect, epithelial haze, pseudodendrites, and, most characteristically, radial keratoneuritis. The corneal infection of AK was first recognized in the mid 1970s. Since then, a growing number of AK cases were diagnosed, mainly resulting from improper use of soft contact lenses.

Clinical diagnosis of AL is difficult, especially in the early phases of the disease, and it often is misdiagnosed and treated as a herpes simplex infection. It was reported a diagnostic delay of more than 18 days between onset of symptoms and start of anti- amoebic treatment results in a poor disease progress. While definitive diagnosis is made by confirmation of Acanthamoeba cysts or trophozoites in corneal lesions by staining, corneal biopsy, or tissue culturing.

In vivo confocal microscopy was considered useful in the rapid diagnosis of AK. The Acanthamoeba cysts were observed almost exclusively in the epithelial cell layer as highly reflective, round or stellate, high-contrast particles with a diameter of 10 to 20 μm. It was suggested that invasion of Acanthamoeba cysts into Bowman's layer may be a useful predictor for a persistent clinical course. The trophozoites are pear-shaped or irregularly wedge-shaped structures, some surrounded by a brilliant halo some exhibiting fine pseudopodia-like extensions, with mean size of 30.2 µm (range 19.2-55.6μm). It was reported to present in cornea stroma. Highly reflective activated keratocytes forming a honeycomb pattern change was reported to be present around the keratoneuritis. In addition, infiltration of inflammatory cells, possibly polymorphonuclear cells, was observed along with the keratocytes in cases of AK. However, the in vivo confocal microscopic findings in patients with AK is still limited. Some clinical findings may not be correlated with the reports published before.

John K.G. et al recommended clinical treatment toward Acanthamoeba keratitis using Diamidine and Biguanide which are the only two proofed Acanthamoeba cysticidal medication, while Metronidazole is effective in vivo but not in vitro. Topical steroid was considered rather controversial but important and beneficial. It was recommended to use a minimum of 2 weeks of Biguanide prior to the use of topical steroid for inflammation control. When Acanthamoeba keratitis was diagnosed early in the disease course, topical steroid can be spared for the immediate using Diamidine and Biguanide to kill pathogen. In a United Kingdom multicenter study of 218 patients, the average duration of medical therapy was 6 months (range, 0.5 to 29 months). In 2011, a little over half of respondents using corticosteroids in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Surgical managements including epithelial debridement, cryotherapy and corneal graft surgery may itself be therapeutic if performed early and promote penetration. Therefore, when Acanthamoeba keratitis was suspected, a long-term and immediate medical treatment may be needed ,and the use of topical steroid toward Acanthamoeba keratitis is still worth investigating.
The present invention relates to a spraying agent for treating burn and scald and a producing method, which is composed of sparganium stoloniferum, asparagus fern, notoginseng, Chinese angelica, sophora subprostrata, radix aconiti, turtle shell, spirit, etc. Compared with the prior art, the spraying agent has the characteristics of quick fever allaying, obvious acesodyne effect, clearing heat and removing toxicity, reducing transudate, relieving inflammation and bacterium resistance. The present invention can prevent scar from forming, and has no toxic side effect or stimulation to human bodies. The therapeutic effect is quick. The spraying agent has strong bacteriostatic action to yellow staphylococcus, haemolytic streptococcus, escherichia coli, hay bacillus, bacillus proteus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. The spraying agent is suitable for treating burn caused by flame, steam, hot water, electric current, radioactive rays, strong acid, strong alkali, etc.
The Coma Recovery Scale-revised (CRS-r) is the gold standard for the behavioral assessment of patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DoCs). However, the misdiagnosis rate is around 40%. For this reason, recent guidelines suggested enhancing the assessment with neurophysiological measures: among these, surface electromyography (sEMG) represents a convenient bedside solution. This work presents the use of the STRIVEfc system, a wearable device that allows CRS-r administration while recording four sEMG signals. STRIVEfc was employed in 40 sessions on 33 DoCs patients and the sEMG was analyzed to look for voluntary and consistent over threshold (OT) muscular activities. Their duration, amplitude, and number were retained and compared between patients in Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS), revealing more numerous and significantly longer OTs in the latter group. Lastly, the EMG information was exploited to enrich the behavioral assessment by building the instrumented CRS-r score (ICRS-r). In 9/16 UWS sessions, the ICRS-r score suggested a higher-level functioning, not translated into a behavioral response, compatible with MCS diagnosis. Overall, the use of STRIVEfc allows to reveal hidden muscular patterns not detectable by the clinician, thus improving the characterization of DoCs patient's functional capabilities and supporting the diagnostic process.
An inflammatory response is one of the pathogeneses of depression. The anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of auraptene have previously been confirmed. We established an inflammatory depression model by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection combined with unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS), aiming to explore the effects of auraptene on depressive-like behaviors in adult mice. Mice were divided into a control group, vehicle group, fluoxetine group, celecoxib group, and auraptene group. Then, behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of auraptene in ameliorating depressive-like behavior. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were examined by ELISA. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were examined by protein chip technology. The morphology of microglia was observed by the immunohistochemical method. The data showed that, compared with the control group, the vehicle group mice exhibited a depressive-like behavioral phenotype, accompanied by an imbalance in inflammatory cytokines and the activation of microglia in the hippocampus. The depressive behaviors of the auraptene group's mice were significantly alleviated, along with the decrease in pro-inflammatory factors and increase in anti-inflammatory factors, while the activation of microglia was inhibited in the hippocampus. Subsequently, we investigated the role of auraptene in vitro-cultured BV-2 cells treated with LPS. The analysis showed that auraptene downregulated the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and NO, and diminished the ratio of CD86/CD206. The results showed that auraptene reduced the excessive phagocytosis and ROS production of LPS-induced BV2 cells. In conclusion, auraptene relieved depressive-like behaviors in mice probably via modulating hippocampal neuroinflammation mediated by microglia.
Therapy with Omegaven® will be initiated at the goal dose of 0.5-1/kg/day. The default is over 24 hours, but shorter intervals may be considered if a program of total parenteral nutrition cycling is recommended. Omegaven® will be infused intravenously through either a central or peripheral catheter.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Zhumeria majdae, a unique native plant of southern Iran, has been traditionally used to treat various health issues. Preclinical studies suggest its therapeutic potential for immunological and inflammatory disorders. This study investigates the effect of Z. majdae essential oil (ZMEO) on TNBS-induced colitis in rats, focusing on the NF-κB/p38 MAPK/Nrf-2 pathway.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were used, with all groups except the sham group receiving a single intra-rectal dose of TNBS. Three different doses of ZMEO and also 1 mg/kg dexamethasone were administered orally for 2 weeks. Colon tissue was analyzed for ulcer index, histological changes, inflammatory cytokines, apoptotic factors, and levels of NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and Nrf-2.
KEY RESULTS: GC-mass analysis identified 25 compounds with linalool (52.01%) and camphor (31.01%) as the major compounds in ZMEO. ZMEO ameliorated colon injuries, reduced ulcer index, and prevented the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic proteins. It also increased the levels of IL-10 and Bcl-2 proteins. Furthermore, ZMEO decreased the expression of p-NF-κB and p38 MAPK while increasing the expression of pNrf-2.
CONCLUSIONS: ZMEO mitigates colon damage associated with IBD by suppressing inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic proteins possibly through modulating the NF-κB/p38 MAPK/Nrf-2 signaling pathway.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: preparation is used as an aqueous solution of microelements at a certain qualitative and quantitative ratio ("ESVICYN"). It is applied 3-5 times daily either to gargle a throat or inside per 2-25 ml. The monotherapy suggested enables to interrupt disease manifestations at simultaneous increase of immunity. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 cl
The invention provides a nano material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of biomedical materials. The nanometer material comprises a compound with one end being an amino group and the other end being a hydroxyl group, wherein the hydroxyl group end of the compound is connected with a hyperbranched polymer. The amino end of the compound can be used for connecting functional substances, such as small molecular organic compounds, high molecular compounds, nano particles, biological macromolecules and the like, and the defect that the functions of the carrier cannot be further improved because the hyperbranched polymer cannot be connected with other functional substances in the prior art is overcome. The other characteristics are improved to make it beneficial to human body without changing its original biological activity function. The nano material provided by the invention is in nano level, has small size, can better penetrate through the physiological barrier of a human body, and has high safety to the human body. In addition, the nano material provided by the invention has wide application prospect in treating tumors and other diseases as a medicine carrying material.
Participants in clinical response to golimumab at Week 6 of induction study C0524T16 (NCT00488774) or C0524T17 (NCT00487539) and randomized to placebo subcutaneous (under the skin) injection matching to golimumab administered every 4 weeks through Week 52 in maintenance study C0524T18 (NCT00488631). Participants with loss of clinical response will have their dose increased to golimumab 100 mg subcutaneous injection administered every 4 weeks through Week 52.
There are conflicting data on the weight-reducing potential of metformin (MTF) in nondiabetic patients with obesity. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of MTF on weight and cardiometabolic parameters in adults with overweight/obesity with or without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (CRD42018085512). We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults without diabetes mellitus, with mean body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, with or without NAFLD, comparing MTF to placebo/control, lifestyle modification (LSM) or a US Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-obesity drug, reporting on weight or metabolic parameters, and extending over at least 3 months. We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and the Cochrane Library without time limitation (until March 2022). We screened and selected eligible articles, abstracted relevant data, and assessed the risk of bias. All steps were in duplicate and independently. We conducted a random-effects model meta-analysis using Review Manager version 5.3, with prespecified subgroup analyses in case of heterogeneity. We identified 2650 citations and included 49 trials (55 publications). Compared to placebo, MTF was associated with a significant reduction in BMI (mean difference [MD] -0.56 [-0.74, -0.37] kg/m2; p < 0.0001), at doses ranging from 500 to 2550 mg/day, and with a significant percentage change in BMI of -2.53% (-2.90, -2.17) at the dose 1700 mg/day. There was no interaction by baseline BMI, MTF dose or duration, nor presence or absence of NAFLD. There was no significant difference between MTF and LSM. Orlistat was more effective than MTF (at doses of 1000-1700 mg/day) in terms of weight loss, with an MD in BMI of -3.17 (-5.88; -0.47) kg/m2, favouring the former. Compared to placebo/control, MTF improved insulin parameters, while no effect was detected when compared to LSM. A few small trials showed heterogenous effects on liver parameters in patients with NAFLD treated with MTF compared to placebo/control. There was a large variability in the expression of outcome measures and RCTs were of low quality. In conclusion, MTF was associated with a modest weight reduction in obese nondiabetic patients. Further high-quality and better powered studies are needed to examine the impact of MTF in patients with insulin resistance and NAFLD.
Apparatus for plotting pathological diagnoses on anatomical diagrams is provided. The apparatus may include a mapping tool. The mapping tool may identify a plurality of biopsy marker records including a received criterion. The mapping tool may identify a body part image associated with a body part image ID. The mapping tool may section the body part image into a first quadrant and a second quadrant. The mapping tool may loop through the plurality of biopsy marker records to identify an X,Y coordinate associated with each of the plurality of biopsy marker records. For each X,Y coordinate identifying a location within the first quadrant, the mapping tool may iteratively tally a first count for the first quadrant. For each X,Y coordinate identifying a location within the second quadrant, the mapping tool may iteratively tally a second count for the second quadrant.