anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Stigmatization and trivialization of headache confront individuals with headache disorders, but the degree to which media may contribute is incompletely understood.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to quantify the frequency of disparaging metaphorical use of the words "headache" and "migraine" in articles and summaries of major publications.
METHODS: This longitudinal study analyzed a dataset of 1.3 million articles and summaries written by authors and editors of 38 major publications. Data cover written publications from 1998 up to 2017. The use of the words "headache" or "migraine" in articles and summaries by major publications was rated by two authors (P.Z. and A.V.) as either "metaphorical" or "medical" based on their contextual application. Pearson's chi-squared test was applied to assess differences in the frequency of metaphorical use of "headache" in comparison to "migraine." Secondary outcomes were the source of publication and time of publication.
RESULTS: A total of 6195 and 740 articles included the words "headache" or "migraine," respectively; 7100 sentences contained the word "headache" and 1652 sentences contained the word "migraine." Among a random sample of 1000 sentences with the word "headache," there was a metaphorical use in 492 (49.2% [95% CI, 46.1-52.3]) sentences. Among a random sample of 1000 sentences with the word "migraine," there was a metaphorical use in 45 (4.5% [95% CI, 3.2-5.8]) sentences. The five most prevalent sources were CNN, Fox News, The New York Times, The Guardian, and The Washington Post. There was an overall increase in the number of articles containing the words "headache" or "migraine" from database inception until analysis (1998 up to 2017). The database included no articles containing either "headache" or "migraine" in 1998; in 2016, this number was 1480 articles.
CONCLUSIONS: In this longitudinal study, major publications applied a metaphorical use of "headache" about half of the time. The metaphorical use of "headache" is 11-fold greater than the metaphorical use of "migraine" in the same media sample. These depictions may contribute to the trivialization of headache and the stigmatization of individuals with headache disorders. Studies with individuals affected by headache disorders are needed to clarify potential influences.
Adolescence is a critical stage that is associated with a high vulnerability to developing obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Schools are part of the natural developmental context of adolescents, and teachers are involved in their education and personal development. In this sense, teachers play an essential role in the early detection and referral of students with possible obsessional symptoms and will also have to deal with the management of this symptomatology in the classroom. Moreover, teachers often have low knowledge of mental health problems and lack strategies for handling mental symptomatology in the classroom.

esTOCma is a mobile health (mHealth) application that has been developed to promote mental health literacy and reduce stigmatizing attitudes associated with OCD. Previous studies have shown that it is a tool with great potential in terms of intervention on stigma and OCD literacy in the general population. Thus, it could be of great interest to use this app in the field of education, and especially in non-university education (primary and secondary education) since adolescents, a highly vulnerable collective to the development of OCD, spend much of their time in the classroom, and often seek help from school staff.
Participants in the Education Control will receive four, 15-minute weekly individual sessions in which the scheduling and duration of interaction with the study staff are identical to the APA and Sham interventions. Educational sessions are intended to reflect usual standard medical care per guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), while also meeting the needs of trial participation, including (1) the knowledge of hormonal therapy and side effects; (2) assessment and management of physical long-term and late effects; (3) assessment and management of psychological long-term and late effects; and (4) dietary (developed by Co-I, van Londen) and physical activity in Breast Cancer Survivors (BCS) (developed by Co-I, Stearns). These materials have been used by the research team, and clinical practice. Materials will be tailored so that they can be delivered within 15 minutes for each session.
Mobile health technologies include the wearable sensor technologies that are body-worn and passively collect information and mobile devices like smartphones that can be frequently used by patients to actively or passively collect information. However, there has been limited comparison of different wearable technologies to validated clinical rating scales to allow us to come to a consensus about their utility in both clinical practice and research trials. Data from mobile health technologies in Parkinson's Disease (PD) have not been validated to use in the place of clinician rating scales. It is also not clear if the information obtained with the devices consistently correlates with change on the clinician scales and longitudinal motor decline. Technological challenges, such as the feasibility (safety, compliance) of use devices in patients with neurodegenerative disease, change in equipment and algorithms over time, collaboration with companies who may own patents, and other issues may also limit their use in healthcare and research. The purpose of this study is to compare data from a battery of novel mobile health technologies to standard-of-care validated patient questionnaires and clinician rating scales in PD patients. The hypothesis is that there will be an association between data from mobile health technologies and data obtained from validated questionnaires/scales, indicating that these technologies are a reliable means of monitoring motor symptomatology and functional impairment and disability over time. The primary aims of the study are to compare information on continuously-measured patient-reported PD-related functional impairment and disability changes from traditional validated questionnaires to continuously-measured health-related data from a battery of novel mobile health technologies, and to assess the feasibility (compliance, safety, satisfaction) of PD patients to use a battery of novel mobile health technologies.
We report that diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) is a glial messenger mediating crosstalk between satellite glial cells (SGCs) and sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). DBI is highly expressed in SGCs of mice, rats, and humans, but not in sensory neurons or most other DRG-resident cells. Knockdown of DBI results in a robust mechanical hypersensitivity without major effects on other sensory modalities. In vivo overexpression of DBI in SGCs reduces sensitivity to mechanical stimulation and alleviates mechanical allodynia in neuropathic and inflammatory pain models. We further show that DBI acts as an unconventional agonist and positive allosteric modulator at the neuronal GABAA receptors, particularly strongly affecting those with a high-affinity benzodiazepine binding site. Such receptors are selectively expressed by a subpopulation of mechanosensitive DRG neurons, and these are also more enwrapped with DBI-expressing glia, as compared with other DRG neurons, suggesting a mechanism for a specific effect of DBI on mechanosensation. These findings identified a communication mechanism between peripheral neurons and SGCs. This communication modulates pain signaling and can be targeted therapeutically.
The present invention discloses a preparation method for a black bean ginger injection. After washed and cut up, black beans and gingerroots are put into a distiller, and distilled water and sodium bisulfite are added. The black beans, the gingerroots, the distilled water and the sodium bisulfite are heated, are distilled, are extracted and are cooled, and are again poured into the distiller for being heated. Mixed liquor is distilled off, and then, the cold storage and the filtration of the mixed liquor are carried out. Sodium chloride, benzyl alcohol and tween 80 are proportionally added, the pH value is regulated by caustic lye of soda, and encapsulation and disinfection are carried out. The present invention has the advantages of simple technology, easy use, safety, no harmful ingredient, conspicuous curative effect and low cost, and the total cure effective rate of cerebral infarction, cerebral ischemia, coronary diseases, high blood pressure, apoplexy hemiplegia sequelae, etc. reaches 92 to 98%.
PCT No. PCT/JP94/01047 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 27, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 27, 1995 PCT Filed Jun. 28, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/01178 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 12, 1995There are provided novel antitussive agents different from existing antitussive agents or those under development. Antitussive agents containing morphinan derivatives represented by compound 6:id-addition salts thereof and those derivatives or their salts as effective components. The antitussive agents according to the present invention have strong antitussive effects as highly selective  kappa -opioid agonists, and may thus be applied as useful antitussive agents in the prophylaxis and treatment of coughing in a patient in need thereof.
Continuous Interscalene block patients will receive a shot of up to 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine and then a catheter is placed. The catheter is secured with Dermabond and Tegaderm. Once surgery is complete, the catheter is connected to a pain ball system which holds 400ml of 0.2% Ropivacaine local anesthetic. The rate is locked in at 8ml/hr. Catheter is pulled once the pain ball is empty.
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that most frequently affects part of the distal ileum, but it may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. CD may also be related to systemic inflammation and extraintestinal manifestations. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, gradually worsening behavioral and cognitive functions. Despite the meaningful progress, both diseases are still incurable and have a not fully explained, heterogeneous pathomechanism that includes immunological, microbiological, genetic, and environmental factors. Recently, emerging evidence indicates that chronic inflammatory condition corresponds to an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, and intestinal inflammation, including CD, increases the risk of AD. Even though it is now known that CD increases the risk of AD, the exact pathways connecting these two seemingly unrelated diseases remain still unclear. One of the key postulates is the gut-brain axis. There is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota with its proteins, DNA, and metabolites influence several processes related to the etiology of AD, including β-amyloid abnormality, Tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. Considering the role of microbiota in both CD and AD pathology, in this review, we want to shed light on bacterial amyloids and their potential to influence cerebral amyloid aggregation and neuroinflammation and provide an overview of the current literature on amyloids as a potential linker between AD and CD.
Inclusion required an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score greater than 10 and any subjective nocturnal sleep concern, usually insomnia. An acclimation and screening polysomnogram was performed to exclude subjects with sleepdisordered breathing. The following evening, subjects underwent another polysomnogram, followed by an evaluation with the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) while practically defined off ("off") PD medications, ESS (primary efficacy point), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory, and Fatigue Severity Scale. Subjects then started sodium oxybate therapy, which was titrated from 3 to 9 g per night in split doses (at bedtime and 4 hours later) across 6 weeks, and returned for subjective sleep assessments. They then returned at 12 weeks after initiating therapy for a third polysomnogram, an offmedication UPDRS evaluation, and subjective sleep assessments. Data are expressed as mean (SD).
Only exercise program will be applied to 15 patients in this group. The exercise program will include stretching exercises for the hand, strengthening exercises, normal joint movement exercises, functional exercises and tendon sliding exercises.
Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) represent a challenging and heterogeneous cohort with high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. To make a definitive diagnosis of PH, one needs to conduct an invasive right heart catheterization (RHC) in order to assess the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP). As PH occurs sporadically in various medical conditions, including connective tissue disease, and congenital heart disease, and presenting symptoms are non-specific, there is a need to raise the suspicion of PH early in the community. For this reason, noninvasive tools that are widely available for upfront screening would be ideal to enable timely diagnosis of PH. Transthoracic echocardiography has emerged as the mainstay for screening of PH, yet the sensitivity and specificity of this approach remain limited even in experienced hands. As high-throughput technologies advance and access to PH big data improve, it will be critical to prudently select artificial intelligence approaches for data analysis, visualization, and interpretation. By combining the multimodal clinical data (such as indicators from chest X-ray, electrocardiography, and echocardiography), this study aims to develop artificial intelligence-assisted programs to assist the screening and diagnosis of PH, and to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy for PH as compared with RHC, and to estimate whether this approach outperforms the conventional echocardiographic method.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a homogeneous cosmetic composition for skin makeup, capable of providing the translucent makeup with excellent opacity and a quite natural appearance, when used for the skin makeup by including specific powder fractions. SOLUTION: This cosmetic composition for skin makeup contains one or more powder fractions dispersed in a binder comprising an emulsion containing a fatty oil phase and a water phase. The powder fraction has a particle size of 0.1-100 μm and a relative density of D, and further satisfies specified requirements as to a particle concentration per unit volume of the composition and a filler content.  The particle concentration per unit volume of the composition, referred to as C and defined by the equation: C=VCT/(VCT+VG) (VCT is a volume of all of the powder fractions; VG is a volume of non-volatile oil in the fatty oil phase of the binder, which is calculated by subtracting the volume of volatile oil from the total volume of fatty oil phase containing all of the oil-soluble components), is not less than a critical particle concentration C* (according to ASTM specifications D 281-84). The filler content F, defined by the equation: F(%) = 100 × (weight of the powder fractions excluding pigments)÷(total weight of the composition)], is in a range of from F0 to 1.8×F0. F0 is 10, when D<=0.1. F0 is represented by the equation: (60×D)+4, when 0.1<D<=0.6. F0 is 40, when D>0.6.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine whether theophylline will improve the dyspnea rating of patients with cancer who are short of breath and have evidence of respiratory muscle weakness. II. Determine whether this drug will improve the ability to perform daily activities in this group of patients. III. Determine whether this drug will improve objective measures of lung function (e.g., FEV-1, FVC) and maximum inspiratory pressure in these patients. IV. Determine whether the serum theophylline level is related to the magnitude of the effect that is observed in this patient population. V. Determine whether this drug will improve a global rating of quality of life in this patient group.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, double blind, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to those who can complete a 6 minute walking test versus those who cannot. Patients receive either oral theophylline or placebo once daily for 3 days. In the absence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT), patients receive an increased dose for an additional 4 days. In the presence of DLT, patients receive a decreased dose or treatment is stopped. Following completion of the 7 day study period, patients may be given the option to continue on active drug or placebo for 1 additional month unless toxic side effects develop. Quality of life is assessed on days 1 and 8 and at the end of the additional 1 month period.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 60 patients (30 in each arm) will be accrued for this study.
An ophthalmic composition includes oil globules dispersed in an aqueous phase. The globules include a surfactant component, a polar oil component that includes an Omega-3 fatty acid and a viscosity modifying agent. The surfactant to oil ratio produces an average size of globules of about 0.1 microns or less. The viscosity is at least as viscous as.25% 800K sodium hyaluronate. The composition can be used for treatment of dry eye. The compositions are stable and can have anti-microbial activity sufficient for use as contact lens disinfecting solutions.
Absorption — HUMALOG Mix75/25 has two phases of absorption. The early phase represents insulin lispro and its distinct characteristics of rapid onset. The late phase represents the prolonged absorption of insulin lispro protamine suspension. 

In 31 healthy subjects given subcutaneous doses (0.3 unit/kg) of HUMALOG Mix75/25, the median peak serum concentration was 60 minutes (range: 30 minutes to 4 hours) after dosing. Identical results were found in patients with type 1 diabetes. The rapid absorption characteristics of HUMALOG are maintained with HUMALOG Mix75/25. HUMALOG Mix75/25 has a more rapid absorption than HUMULIN 70/30, which has been confirmed in patients with type 1 diabetes. 

Metabolism — Human metabolism studies of HUMALOG Mix75/25 have not been conducted. However, studies in animals indicate that the metabolism of HUMALOG, the rapid-acting component of HUMALOG Mix75/25, is identical to that of regular human insulin. 

Elimination — Because of the absorption-rate limited kinetics of insulin mixtures, a true half-life cannot be accurately estimated from the terminal slope of the concentration versus time curve. 

Specific Populations

The effects of age, race, obesity, pregnancy, smoking, or renal or hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of HUMALOG Mix75/25 have not been studied. 

Gender — Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparisons between men and women administered HUMALOG Mix75/25 showed no gender differences.
This study is designed as a single institution trial. The study utilizes safe and clinically-validated tools for preoperative workup of patients with small pituitary tumors. CRH stimulation and 18F-FDG uptake in PET imaging will be used to detect MRI-negative pituitary adenomas in patients with Cushing s disease. Patients who have MRI-negative pituitary microadenomas will undergo 18F-FDG PET-imaging with CRH stimulation. Intravenous 18F-FDG will be given approximately four hours following CRH administration. Within 12 weeks after completion of the last 18F-FDG high-resolution PET-imaging scan, patients will undergo surgical resection of the pituitary adenoma. Surgical and histological confirmation of adenoma location will be noted. All images will be read independently by neuroradiologists blinded to clinical and histopathological outcomes. The diagnostic and localization accuracy of PET-imaging will be assessed by comparing the PET findings with histopathology.
Chronic stress induces a group of unrecognized cardiovascular impairments, including elevated hemodynamic variables and vascular dysfunction. Moreover, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), a gasotransmitter that regulates the cardiovascular system decreases under chronic stress. Thus, this study assessed the impact of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) (H 2 S donor) on chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced cardiovascular changes. For that purpose, male Wistar rats were restrained for 2 hours a day in a transparent acrylic tube over 8 weeks. Then, body weight, relative adrenal gland weight, serum corticosterone, H 2 S-synthesizing enzymes, endothelial nitric oxide synthetize expression, reactive oxygen species levels, lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione-to-oxidized glutathione (GSH 2 :GSSG) ratio were determined in the thoracic aorta. The hemodynamic variables were measured in vivo by the plethysmograph method. The vascular function was evaluated in vitro as vasorelaxant responses induced by carbachol or sodium nitroprusside, and norepinephrine (NE)-mediated vasocontractile responses in the thoracic aorta. CRS increased (1) relative adrenal gland weight; (2) hemodynamic variables; (3) vasoconstrictor responses induced by NE, (4) reactive oxygen species levels, and (5) lipid peroxidation in the thoracic aorta. In addition, CRS decreased (1) body weight; (2) vasorelaxant responses induced by carbachol; (3) GSH content, and (4) GSH 2 :GSSG ratio. Notably, NaHS administration (5.6 mg/kg) restored hemodynamic variables and lipid peroxidation and attenuated the vasoconstrictor responses induced by NE in the thoracic aorta. In addition, NaHS treatment increased relative adrenal gland weight and the GSH 2 :GSSG ratio. Taken together, our results demonstrate that NaHS alleviates CRS-induced hypertension by reducing oxidative stress and restoring vascular function in the thoracic aorta.
CASE: This report describes a 25-year-old female professional triathlete with right external iliac artery endofibrosis (EIAE) that was definitively diagnosed on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images obtained immediately after treadmill running. The EIAE was treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. By 8 weeks after surgery, she had no symptoms of claudication or pain in the right thigh after a 1-hour running session. There has been no recurrence in 1 year postoperatively.
CONCLUSION: EIAE is a rare condition and difficult to diagnose in a timely manner because symptoms and radiographic imaging features appear only during intense exercise. Our patient was successfully treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.
The increasing global cancer burden necessitates the development of new treatment options. Herbal medicine offers a viable alternative to conventional cancer treatments. Numerous studies have shown that 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture more accurately represents tumor characteristics in vivo. Therefore, this study utilized tumor spheroids to explore the therapeutic efficacy of emodin, a natural product-derived bioactive agent. We investigated differences in chemotherapeutic response between A549 cells cultured in 2D versus spheroids, assessing key factors influencing cancer progression, including apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion. The findings revealed that spheroid cells displayed increased resistance to emodin compared to cells cultured in 2D. Emodin exhibited a more pronounced cytostatic effect in 2D cells, while its cytotoxic effect was more prominent in spheroid cells. Moreover, emodin treatment diminished the migratory and invasive capabilities of the cells. Mechanistic investigations indicated that emodin triggered apoptosis in A549 cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Emodin-treated cells exhibited a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of key cancer progression pathways, including JAK2, STAT3, FAK, and ERK, compared to untreated controls. Molecular docking analysis confirmed the interactions of emodin with JAK2 and FAK. These findings suggest that the JAK2/STAT3 and FAK/ERK signaling pathways may serve as critical drivers of the therapeutic effectiveness of emodin in A549 cells.