anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: medicine, juvenile surgery. SUBSTANCE: the method deals with treating patients with complicated spinal hernias. The method deals with dissecting hernial sac, isolation of spinal radicles under visual control, their differentiation by applying electrodiagnostics, verification for affected nervous conductivity of a radicle, dissection of its affected part and suturing its ends with epineural sutures, plasty of membranes and wound's suturing. Moreover, after crossing the radicle being more centrally against lesion focus at the level where its diameter is not less than radicle's diameter below lesion section one should detect the length of radicle's proximal stump, longitudinal size of hernial entrance below the part of spinal canal. Then crossing of radicle is conducted below the part of pathological lesion is carried out at the level determined by the following formula: X = a - b + c, where X - the length of radicle's distal stump up to inferior edge of hernial entrance; a - longitudinal size of hernial entrance; b - the length of radicle's proximal stump up to superior edge of hernial entrance; c - cross-sectional size of spinal canal. Perfluoran emulsion should be introduced into the site of radicle's stumps link-up and under their external epineurium. The method enables to increase quality of therapy due to more precise development of optimal length of spinal radicle under suturing after its resection and improved conditions for its healing. EFFECT: higher efficiency of surgical therapy. 1 cl, 1 ex
Methylphenidate Transdermal System is supplied in a carton containing 30 individually pouched transdermal systems. See the chart below for information regarding available strengths.

Each dosage form is a translucent rectangular transdermal system with rounded corners consisting of a matte backing film randomly printed with “Methylphenidate Transdermal System” and the “mg/hr” strength in white ink, an adhesive layer and a clear to slightly hazy oversized release liner that is slit. Each transdermal system is overlaid with an additional clear to slightly hazy oversized release liner and is contained in a square, flat pouch that is imprinted with lot number and expiration date.

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not store transdermal systems unpouched. Do not store transdermal systems in refrigerators or freezers.

Apply the transdermal system immediately upon removal from the individual protective pouch. For transdermal use only.

See the Patient Counseling Information (17) for specific disposal instructions for unused or expired methylphenidate transdermal systems.

PHARMACIST: Dispense a Medication Guide with each prescription.
OBJECTIVES: The Epley maneuver (EM) shows immediate effect, wherein disappearance of positional nystagmus occurs soon after the EM. Our previous study showed that setting interval times during the EM reduced the immediate effect. The purpose of this study is to identify the head position for which interval time reduces the immediate effect.
METHODS: Fifty-one patients with posterior canal type of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) were randomly assigned to the following three groups: 10 min interval time set at the first head position of the EM in group A, at the third head position in group B, and at the fourth head position in group C. The primary outcome measure (POM) was the ratio of maximum slow-phase eye velocity of positional nystagmus soon after the EM, compared with that measured before the EM. A large ratio value indicates a poor immediate effect of the EM.
RESULTS: The POM in group A (0.07) was smallest (B: 0.36, C: 0.49) (p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION: The interval times at the third and fourth head positions reduced the immediate effect of the EM. Our previous study showed that the effect of BPPV fatigue is continued by maintaining the first head position of the EM. BPPV fatigue constitutes fatigability of positional nystagmus with repeated performance of the Dix-Hallpike test. Our findings may be interpreted in accordance with the theory that the immediate effect of the EM is BPPV fatigue itself, because we observed that the effect of BPPV fatigue is strongest in group A.
This is the first-time-in-human (FTIH) phase I/IIa study of GSK1223249, a humanised monoclonal antibody against Nogo-A, a neurite outgrowth inhibitor hypothesised to be involved in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and some other neurodegenerative disorders. This study will be a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, sequential dose escalation, 2-part fusion protocol. Approximately 76 patients with ALS will be enrolled. In Part 1, single escalating intravenous (i.v.) doses of GSK1223249 are planned to be evaluated in 5 sequential patient cohorts (2 placebo and 6 active in each cohort) to determine single dose safety and pharmacokinetics (PK). Part 2 will also be of a sequential dose escalating design, but patients in each of the planned 3 cohorts (3 placebo, 9 active in each cohort) will receive 2 repeat i.v. doses approximately 4 weeks apart where, safety and PK will also be evaluated. In two cohorts in Part 1 and all cohorts in Part 2, blood samples and skeletal muscle biopsies will be taken from patients before and at the end of treatment to demonstrate whether or not GSK1223249 binds to its target and produces any measurable pharmacodynamic effect. Patients in both parts will receive their first dose in a hospital-based unit where they will be monitored for at least 24 hours post-dose before being discharged to be followed on an out-patient basis. In each cohort in part 1, the first four subjects will be dosed in a staggered manner such that only one will receive the dose in any 24 hours. Dosing of the first four subjects in the first cohort of part 2 will also be staggered in a similar manner.
The ketogenic diet has therapeutic implications in many disease states. Ketone precursor supplementation can elevate blood ketone levels to therapeutic ranges (2-7mM) without need for dietary restriction. The effects of ketogenic agents were tested on blood glucose, ketones, and lipids with a 28-day dose escalation study in rats using R,S-1,3-Butandiol (BD), acetoacetate ketone ester (KE), and control (H2O) via daily 5g/kg intragastric gavage, based on previous toxicology studies. Once weekly, whole blood samples were acquired for analysis of glucose and βHB select timepoints after test substance administration, or until βHB returned to baseline. Significant elevation of blood ketone was observed with a significant inverse relationship with blood glucose for the duration of the experiment. Whole blood was collected to measure triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDL concentration, with no significant changes identified. There were significant reductions in body weight when treated animals were compared to control.
OBJECTIVES: I. Assess the short- and long-term local control rates, disease-free survival, and overall survival following treatment with neoadjuvant cisplatin plus fluorouracil followed by surgery with or without radiotherapy vs surgery alone with or without radiotherapy in patients with previously untreated stage II-IV squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. II. Assess the prognostic significance of clinical and pathologic responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in these patients. III. Compare the short- and long-term toxic effects of these two regimens.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified by center and nodal status (N0 vs N1-2 vs N3). Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms. Arm I: Patients receive cisplatin IV on day 1 and fluorouracil IV continuously on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with stable disease after 2 courses or progressive disease at any time proceed to surgery. Patients undergo resection of the primary tumor site and possible nodal dissection no sooner than 2 weeks after completion of chemotherapy. Patients then undergo radiotherapy over 5-6 weeks no later than 8 weeks after surgery. Arm II: Patients undergo surgery and radiotherapy as in arm I. Patients are followed every 3 months for 1 year, every 6 months for 2 years, and then yearly thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 240 patients will be accrued for this study over 9 years.
BACKGROUND: Liquid biopsy testing, especially molecular tumor profiling of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in cell-free plasma, has received increasing interest in recent years as it serves as a reliable alternative for the detection of tumor-specific aberrations to guide treatment decision-making in oncology. Many (commercially available) applications have been developed, however, broad divergences in (pre)analytical work flows and lack of universally applied guidelines impede routine clinical implementation. In this review, critical factors in the blood-based ctDNA liquid biopsy work flow are evaluated.
CONTENT: In the preanalytical phase, several aspects (e.g., blood collection tubes [BCTs], plasma processing, and extraction method) affect the quantity and quality of the circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) applicable for subsequent molecular analyses and should meet certain standards to be applied in diagnostic work flows. Analytical considerations, such as analytical input and choice of assay, might vary based on the clinical application (i.e., screening, primary diagnosis, minimal residual disease [MRD], response monitoring, and resistance identification). In addition to practical procedures, variant interpretation and reporting ctDNA results should be harmonized. Collaborative efforts in (inter)national consortia and societies are essential for the establishment of standard operating procedures (SOPs) in attempts to standardize the plasma-based ctDNA analysis work flow.
SUMMARY: Development of universally applicable guidelines regarding the critical factors in liquid biopsy testing are necessary to pave the way to clinical implementation for routine diagnostics.
Patients receive selinexor PO on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36, nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 15, and 29, and ipilimumab PO QD on day 1. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
An “oil-in-water” emulsion comprising an aqueous phase, an oil phase, and an adsorption layer at the interface of the two phases, said adsorption layer consisting of a lignin matrix into which metal oxide nanoparticles are incorporated, characterised in that the lignin is present in a quantity of less than 2 wt. %, in particular in a quantity of between 0.5 wt. % and 2 wt. %, and in that the metal oxide nanoparticles are present in a quantity less than or equal to 1.5 wt. %, in particular in a quantity of between 0.5 wt. % and 1.5 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the emulsion.
The invention discloses a plaster having the efficacies of promoting blood circulation and stopping pain and prepared by adopting herba pegani harmalae. The plaster is prepared from the following medicinal materials by weight: 13-17 g of herba pegani harmalae, 1-5 g of synthetic musk, 4-8 g of menthol, 8-12 g of roots of Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn., 1-5 g of radix rubiae, 4-8 g of fruits of Abelia biflora Turcz., 4-8 g of radix angelicae, 4-8 g of methyl salicylate, 13-17 g of hempseeds, 1-5 g of ephedra sinica stapf, 8-12 g of rhizome of Parthenocissus semicordata (Wall. ex Roxb.) Planch., 1-5 g of lithopone, 13-17 g of all-grass of thellung pimpinella, 1-5 g of diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 8-12 g of lanolin, and 8-12 g of safflower carthamus. The plaster is prepared by taking herba pegani harmalae, all-grass of thellung pimpinella, hempseeds and the like as the main materials, has the efficacies of dispelling wind and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and the like, has very good curative effects in treating osteoarticular pain, sprain and the like, and is free of toxic and side effects.
Deficit of oxygen and nutrients in the tumor microenvironment (TME) triggers abnormal angiogenesis that produces dysfunctional and leaky blood vessels, which fail to adequately perfuse tumor tissues. Resulting hypoxia, exacerbation of metabolic disturbances, and generation of an immunosuppressive TME undermine the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Use of carefully scheduled angiogenesis inhibitors has been suggested to overcome these problems and normalize the TME. Here, we propose an alternative agonist-based normalization approach using a derivative of the C-type natriuretic peptide (dCNP). Multiple gene expression signatures in tumor tissues were affected in mice treated with dCNP. In several mouse orthotopic and subcutaneous solid tumor models including colon and pancreatic adenocarcinomas, this well-tolerated agent stimulated formation of highly functional tumor blood vessels to reduce hypoxia. Administration of dCNP also inhibited stromagenesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix and decreased tumor interstitial fluid pressure. In addition, treatment with dCNP reinvigorated the antitumor immune responses. Administration of dCNP decelerated growth of primary mouse tumors and suppressed their metastases. Moreover, inclusion of dCNP into the chemo-, radio-, or immune-therapeutic regimens increased their efficacy against solid tumors in immunocompetent mice. These results demonstrate the proof of principle for using vasculature normalizing agonists to improve therapies against solid tumors and characterize dCNP as the first in class among such agents.
Fostamatinib is a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) unresponsive to a previous treatment. Real-world studies evaluating the utilization and effectiveness of fostamatinib outside the context of a clinical trial are lacking. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of fostamatinib for the treatment of ITP in a real-world cohort. We conducted a single-center, retrospective, observational study to evaluate the effectiveness of fostamatinib for the treatment of ITP. The primary endpoint was durable response as defined by the American Society of Hematology ITP response criteria. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate, time to response, and safety. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess frequency of durable response in key subgroups of patients based on prior therapies. Thirty-one patients treated with fostamatinib for ITP were included in our analysis. Patients had received a median of four prior lines of therapy. Ten patients (32%) achieved a durable response. Most durable responders maintained their response at 24 months ( n  = 7; 70%). The median time to response was 9 days. Four patients (13%) discontinued fostamatinib due to an adverse event. Subgroups who had higher rates of durable responses included those who had received two to three prior lines of therapy (40%), splenectomized patients (50%), and those who had not received prior rituximab (55%). Fostamatinib therapy in a real-world population of patients with heavily pretreated ITP led to a durable response in a third of patients, which was maintained for most responders.
A large body of evidence has shown that treatments that interfere with memory consolidation become ineffective when animals are subjected to an intense learning experience; this effect has been observed after systemic and local administration of amnestic drugs into several brain areas, including the striatum. However, the effects of amnestic treatments on the process of extinction after intense training have not been studied. Previous research demonstrated increased spinogenesis in the dorsomedial striatum, but not in the dorsolateral striatum after intense training, indicating that the dorsomedial striatum is involved in the protective effect of intense training. To investigate this issue, male Wistar rats, previously trained with low, moderate, or high levels of foot shock, were used to study the effect of tetrodotoxin inactivation of dorsomedial striatum on memory consolidation and subsequent extinction of inhibitory avoidance. Performance of the task was evaluated during seven extinction sessions. Tetrodotoxin produced a marked deficit of memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance trained with low and moderate intensities of foot shock, but normal consolidation occurred when a relatively high foot shock was used. The protective effect of intense training was long-lasting, as evidenced by the high resistance to extinction exhibited throughout the extinction sessions. We discuss the possibility that increased dendritic spinogenesis in dorsomedial striatum may underly this protective effect, and how this mechanism may be related to the resilient memory typical of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Subjects will receive FF/UMEC/VI 100 mcg/62.5 mcg/25 mcg delivered via single ELLIPTA inhaler ('closed' triple) and matching placebo via ELLIPTA inhaler once daily in the morning for 4 weeks as per the randomization. Albuterol/salbutamol will be used as rescue medication throughout the study as needed.
Continuous monitoring of subject's cardiac system using biological signal(s) (BS) during day-to-day activities is essential for managing personal cardiac health/disorders, etc. Conventional systems/methods lack in improvising overall classification results and configured for specific device/signal say ECG or PPG and so on. Present disclosure provides systems and methods for classifying BS obtained from users, wherein BS are preprocessed to obtain filtered signals (FS). Corresponding feature extraction module is utilized for feature set extraction based on features in FS. The feature set is reduced and segmented into test and training data. Biological signal classification model(s) are generated using training data and a BCM is applied on test data to classify biological signals (BS) as one of Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a non-AF, a cardiac arrythmia disorder, or ischemia. Accelerometer features of connected device associated with the users can be obtained to detect activities which in conjunction with the BCM's output improvises above classification.
INTRODUCTION: There are currently different management guidelines for patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that are on long-term anticoagulation. The timing of discontinuation and restarting the anticoagulation is challenging during the postoperative care, which often involves general practitioners and physiotherapists.
METHODS: The systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included 3 databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science Core Collection. It was registered in the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PROSPERO) under the registration number: CRD42023408906. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) criteria.
RESULTS: Six retrospective studies involving 727 patients with therapeutic anticoagulation (1,540 controls) for elective THA, TKA and revision arthroplasty have been included. The follow-up ranged from 30 days to 1 year postoperatively. All studies evaluated outcomes of warfarin therapeutic anticoagulation versus prophylactic dosages of one or more of the following: warfarin, aspirin, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated low-dose heparin (UFH). One study did not discontinue therapeutic anticoagulation. Two studies reported no significant differences in complications between groups, whilst 3 studies had significantly higher rates of superficial wound infections, revision surgeries, postoperative haematomas, and prosthetic joint infections (PJI).
CONCLUSION: Different anticoagulation-related perioperative management strategies achieve different outcomes following elective arthroplasty in patients with therapeutic chronic anticoagulation. There is contradictory evidence regarding the need for the discontinuation of therapeutic warfarin. Retrospective data showed that individual risk stratification with multi-modal prophylaxis resulted in minimal complications.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Systematic Review of Level III studies.
Vibrating ball is held in both hands. Participants complete 5 30-second bouts of 68 Hz vibration with a 1 minute rest in between each bout.
This inventive creation is the development of a coreshell structure with optical magnetic properties for mixing with the compound nanoparticles of biological fluorescent labels. Such a nanoscale core shell structure has both fluorescent and extremely superpapamagnetism properties. Through the surface modification of the shell structure, its surface is able to own functional group, which is available for bonding with deoxyribonucleic acid segments. After that, the deoxyribonucleic acid segments are adhered to an bonded with the fluorescent protein, making them become the nanoscale compound nanoparticles of magnetic nuclear / optical shell / deoxyribonucleic acid / biological fluorescent protein. The magnetism of the core shell structure of this invention can be a referential guidance for the related biological and medical applications. It can also be applied to the cell detection of special tissues and the auxiliary development function, or the aspect of target-based drug therapy.
BACKGROUND: Sleep apnea is associated with hypertension. Metaanalyses indicate that treatment of sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces blood pressure (BP) by a mean of 3 mmHg. To date, predictors of BP response to CPAP remain incompletely understood. We hypothesized that the magnitude of CPAP-induced BP reduction depends on baseline apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the extent of daytime sleepiness.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on the association of BP response to CPAP with polysomnographic readings, intensity of sleepiness (measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ESS), and epidemiologic parameters in 2461 patients with obstructive sleep apnea. BP response was defined as the difference between office BP at polysomonography examinations before and after initiation of CPAP.
RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty-five patients fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Median monthly CPAP usage was 143.7 h (85.4-204.1 h). BP was significantly higher at baseline than at follow-up (129.9 ± 15.5 vs. 128.3 ± 15.2, P  = 0.021) resulting in mean reduction of BP of -1.5 ± 19.2 mmHg. patients with a higher than median baseline AHI (median 21) showed a more pronounced reduction of BP than those with lower AHI (AHI ≥21: 130.5 ± 15.3 vs. 128.6 ± 14.6, P  = 0.06; AHI <21: 129.5 ± 15.8 vs. 127.9 ± 15.8, P  = 0.18). CPAP therapy led to a significant reduction in sleepiness (8.3 ± 4.8 vs. 6.6 ± 4.5, P  < 0.0001). Those subjects with higher than median sleepiness score (ESS ≥8), however, did not show a significant difference in BP response compared with those with a lower sleepiness score. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses investigating the accuracy of AHI and ESS to predict a BP reduction at least 5 mmHg revealed an AUC of 0.51 and 0.52, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The study confirms that CPAP therapy for sleep apnea has a mild BP lowering effect. Although this effect is slightly higher in patients with above-average AHI, neither AHI nor ESS can be used to define threshold values predicting a BP decrease at least 5 mmHg.