anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disordered eating disease characterized by a persistent pursuit of thinness, intense fear of weight gain, distorted body image, and obsessive eating habits. People with AN are at high risk for certain health problems, such as depression, osteoporosis, substance abuse, and cardiovascular and neurological complications. Current treatments for AN include different forms of psychotherapy and medications, but the success of these treatments is highly variable among people with AN. A better pathophysiologic understanding of AN is needed in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies for preventing and treating the disorder. Current research is targeting dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter that is released in response to pleasurable stimuli, such as food and drugs. Animal studies have found that chronic food restriction may alter functioning of the DA system by reducing DA response to food and drug stimuli. A better understanding of the effects of disordered eating on the DA systems of people with AN may provide insight into the development of new and improved treatments for people with AN. This study will use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to investigate changes in DA systems in people with AN before and after both weight restoration and administration of methylphenidate, a psychostimulant medication. The study will also use PET imaging to compare DA systems of people with AN with DA systems of people who are healthy.

This study will involve both healthy participants and participants with AN. Study participation for healthy participants will include two PET scans and one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, which, if the participants prefer, can all be completed in one study visit. Study participation for participants with AN will include three PET and two MRI scans. The first PET and MRI scans will be performed upon entry into the hospital as an inpatient. The remaining scans will be conducted 2 to 4 weeks after participants have accomplished weight restoration.

Including preparation, each MRI study will last about 45 minutes and each PET study will last about 3 hours. For each MRI study, participants will be asked to lie on their backs for 15 minutes in the MRI scanner. For each PET study, participants will first be injected with a dose of \[11C\]raclopride, a radioactive drug used in brain imaging, and will then lie on their backs for 30 minutes in the PET scanner.

One hour before the second PET scan for healthy participants and the third PET scan for participants with AN, participants will receive an oral dose of methylphenidate. During these scans, participants will also undergo blood pressure monitoring and an electrocardiogram (EKG). Once participants no longer feel the effects of the methylphenidate and their vital signs have returned to normal, they will be discharged from the medical center and study participation will be complete.
Patients diagnosed with localized renal cell carcinoma undergo collection of blood and urine samples at baseline and after nephrectomy for analysis via the Flow Cytometry MDSC Clinical Assay. Patients also undergo CT or MRI within 30 days after nephrectomy.
This cluster-based study will be conducted in a Primary Care clinical practice setting in Canada. A total of approximately 60 physician practices will be stratified into single (1 PCP) or group (\>1 PCP) practices and randomized 1:1 into two arms each consisting of approximately 30 Primary Care practices forming the Interventional arm and the Control arm. The study population will include approximately 600 male and female adult participants living in Canada; who have been diagnosed with T2D; who are being treated for this condition by their PCP; who do not have clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and whose eGFR is ≥ 60ml/min; who are receiving metformin at a dose of ≥1500 mg/day as monotherapy for T2D; who are not at the target for glycemic control and whose most recent A1C level is between 7.1 % and 9.0 %. Participant enrollment may be adjusted to ensure balanced distribution of glycemic values at entry across this range between study arms.

All physicians in both arms will receive training on the most current Diabetes Canada 2018 Guidelines for pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes and the role of DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors as add-on therapy to metformin. Physicians in the Interventional arm will receive additional training on specific individualized management for adding DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors to metformin. The nature of the additional training will be described separately in a physician training manual. To avoid contamination, only physicians who have been randomized to the Interventional arm will be given access to the physician training manual during the operation of the study, while those physicians randomized into the Control arm will continue to follow their routine clinical practice for utilizing DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors as add-on to metformin according to the current Diabetes Canada Practice Guidelines.
In acute subdeltoid, subacromial, olecranon, and prepatellar bursitis, one intrabursal injection of 1 mL Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Betamethasone Acetate Injectable Suspension can relieve pain and restore full range of movement. Several intrabursal injections of corticosteroids are usually required in recurrent acute bursitis and in acute exacerbations of chronic bursitis. Partial relief of pain and some increase in mobility can be expected in both conditions after one or two injections. Chronic bursitis may be treated with reduced dosage once the acute condition is controlled. In tenosynovitis and tendinitis, three or four local injections at intervals of 1 to 2 weeks between injections are given in most cases. Injections should be made into the affected tendon sheaths rather than into the tendons themselves. In ganglions of joint capsules and tendon sheaths, injection of 0.5 mL directly into the ganglion cysts has produced marked reduction in the size of the lesions.
FIELD: biotechnology, medicine, gynecology. SUBSTANCE: strain is isolated from vagina of health woman of reproductive age and able to inhibit opportunistic microorganisms effectively both in vitro and in vivo. Strain produces acids and shows expressed adhesion to vaginal epitheliocytes. Strain Bifidobacterium breve P2 is deposited in TSMPM "VNIIgenetics" institute at N Ac-1579. Strain is nonpathogenic and apyretic for humans and animals, it normalizes microflora of genital tract in women. Strain is ready for using in obstetrics-gynecological practice as preparation-probiotic. Strain provides correction of dysbiotic disorders of vaginal microflora, inhibits the growth of opportunistic microorganism in vitro effectively. Invention can be used as preparation-probiotic for correction of microbiocenosis of genital tract in women. EFFECT: strain indicated above, high effectiveness of correction. 3 tbl, 3 ex
The lung can experience different oxygen concentrations, low as in hypoxia, high as under supplemental oxygen therapy, or oscillating during intermittent hypoxia as in obstructive sleep apnea or intermittent hypoxia/hyperoxia due to cyclic atelectasis in the ventilated patient. This study aimed to characterize the oxygen-condition-specific protein composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in vitro to decipher their potential role in biotrauma using quantitative proteomics with bioinformatic evaluation, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and non-activated thromboelastometry (NATEM). The release of vesicles enriched in markers CD9/CD63/CD81 was enhanced under intermittent hypoxia, strong hyperoxia and intermittent hypoxia/hyperoxia. Particles with exposed phosphatidylserine were increased under intermittent hypoxia. A small portion of vesicles were tissue factor-positive, which was enhanced under intermittent hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia/hyperoxia. EVs from treatment with intermittent hypoxia induced a significant reduction of Clotting Time in NATEM analysis compared to EVs isolated after normoxic exposure, while after intermittent hypoxia/hyperoxia, tissue factor in EVs seems to be inactive. Gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that EVs from individual oxygen conditions potentially induce different biological processes such as an inflammatory response under strong hyperoxia and intermittent hypoxia/hyperoxia and enhancement of tumor invasiveness under intermittent hypoxia.
Following the consent process, participant will have access to a Patient Navigator, who will serve as a resource for during the time in the study to help navigate and get connected to local resources. The Patient Navigator will keep track of the kinds of support services and referrals provided. The Patient Navigator will contact the participant in 4 months to reassess current needs, quality of life, and areas where additional support is needed.
Despite the accumulation of data documenting the reality of extensive functional impairments following ICU stay, the specific treatment needs of individuals experiencing Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) are not well known largely because of a relative lack of knowledge about the specific unmet needs of patients at risk for PICS at the time of hospital discharge. These possible needs include oxygen prescriptions, equipment for noninvasive ventilation, durable medical equipment prescriptions, coordination with government assistance and community health programs, physical or occupational therapy in the home or at an outpatient clinic, medications restarted or discontinued as appropriate.

This study will enrol individuals who were diagnosed with acute respiratory failure during an ICU admission and were discharged from the ICU alive. Once enrolled, participants' medical records will be reviewed for demographic and medical information. Questionnaires will be used to assess the participant's status prior to ICU admittance, including comorbidities, medications, physical functioning, quality of life, alcohol/smoking/substance use, social support and healthcare utilization. While in the ICU, participants will receive usual clinical care in this observational study. Data on mechanical ventilation, arterial blood gas values, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) diagnosis, delirium, and medical status will be collected. Information regarding the patients' postdischarge needs including medical equipment, medication, home care services, dialysis, appointments, counselling and referral will also be collected by reviewing the discharge note. Follow-up evaluations by phone call will occur at 1-4 weeks, 3 and 6 months following the ICU discharge. At 1-4 weeks, the investigators will evaluate, via phone call whether the patient's post-discharge needs are met. At 3 months and 6 months phone calls, standardized surveys will be used to assess mortality status, readmission, healthcare utilization, functional outcomes, quality of life, mental health status, coping and social support and return to work.
BACKGROUND: Newborns are at high risk of sepsis. At present there is no definitive "rule in" blood test for sepsis at the point of clinical concern. A positive blood culture remains the gold standard test for neonatal sepsis, however laboratory markers that correlate prospectively with culture positive sepsis could aid clinicians in making decisions regarding administration of empiric antibiotic therapies.
METHODS: This multi-site, prospective observational study will take place in two neonatal intensive care units (National Maternity Hospital and Rotunda Hospital, Dublin). Neonates born at less than 34 weeks will be enroled and informed consent obtained prior to late onset sepsis work up. If at any point subsequently during their neonatal intensive care stay they develop signs and symptoms of possible sepsis requiring blood culture, an additional sodium citrate sample will be obtained. Infants will be categorised into three groups as follows: (i) culture positive sepsis, (ii) culture negative sepsis where an infant receives 5 days of antibiotics (iii) non sepsis. Our primary outcome is to establish if differential platelet/endothelial activation can prospectively identify neonatal culture positive late onset sepsis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05530330 IMPACT: Preterm infants are a high risk group for the development of sepsis which is a major cause of mortality in this population. Platelets have been associated with host response to invasive bacterial infections both in animal models and translational work. A positive blood culture is the gold standard test for neonatal sepsis but can be unreliable due to limited blood sampling in the very low birth weight population. This study hopes to establish if platelet/endothelial associated plasma proteins can prospectively identify late onset neonatal sepsis.
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC) is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. In recent years, much emphasis has been placed on early diagnosis and treatment. PAX2 (Paired box 2) inactivation is reportedly an important biomarker for endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) and EEC. However, the role of PAX2 in EEC carcinogenesis remains unclear. PAX2 expression and associated clinical characteristics were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia databases and clinical paired EIN/EEC tissue samples. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify the putative molecular function and mechanism of PAX2. Cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion assays in vitro, and mouse xenograft models were utilized to study the biological functions of PAX2 in vivo. Pyrosequencing and the demethylating drug 5-Aza-dc were used to verify promoter methylation in clinical tissues and cell lines, respectively. The mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) on PAX2 expression was investigated by receptor block assay and double luciferase reporter assay. PAX2 expression was found to be significantly downregulated in EIN and EEC tissues, its overexpression inhibited EEC cell malignant behaviors in vivo and in vitro and inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PAX2 inactivation in EEC was related to promoter methylation, and its expression was regulated by E2 and P4 through their receptors via promoter methylation. Our findings elucidated the expression and function of PAX2 in EEC and have provided hitherto undocumented evidence of the underlying molecular mechanisms. PAX2 expression is suppressed by estrogen prompting its methylation through estrogen receptor. Furthermore, PAX2 regulates the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to influence EEC progression. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Perioperative complications (\<30 days) considered are mortality, morbidity (i.e. leak, bleeding, occlusion, pneumonia, vascular complications, portal pulmonary-splenic embolism) and type treatment.
The utility model relates to a blumea balsamifera plaster. The blumea balsamifera plaster comprises two substrates, two heating layers, a medicine layer, a bonding layer and an anti-bonding layer, wherein the medicine layer is arranged between the two heating layers; the two heating layers are arranged between the medicine layer and the substrates; the bonding layer is arranged between the anti-bonding layer and one substrate; and the medicine layer is impregnated with blumea balsamifera powder. The blumea balsamifera plaster has a simple structure and is convenient to use. In the physiological period of women, the blumea balsamifera plaster is taken out of a sealed packaging bag and is stuck to the lower abdomen. As blumea balsamifera has the functions of activating blood, dissipating stasis and easing pain, the blumea balsamifera plaster can be used for treating dysmenorrhea and relieving discomfort symptoms in the menstrual period of women. The product emits heat, so the product can better promote transdermal absorption of medicines while playing a role in warming wombs and the two functions complement each other when being combined. Besides, the blumea balsamifera essential oil component contained in the blumea balsamifera extract can effectively promote scar repair after caesarean sections of women.
The disclosure relates to a stable solid tablet formulation of vitamin D3 (also called cholecalciferol) comprising: (a) a tablet core comprising 5000 - 75000 IU vitamin D3, at least one lipophilic dispersant, one or more antioxidants, at least one adsorbent and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; and (b) at least one barrier coating. The lipophilic dispersants are a fatty acid, wax, a long chain monohydric alcohol, a fat or combinations thereof. The antioxidant are tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol acid succinate, β-carotene, propyl gallate, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole, vitamin E, ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, ascorbic palmitate, 2,4,5- trihydroxybutyrophenone, 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, erythorbic acid, gum guaiac, thiodipropionic acid, dilauryl thiodipropionate, tertbutylhydroquinone or combinations thereof. The adsorbent is be mannitol, dibasic calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium phosphate tribasic, or combinations thereof. The pharmaceutically acceptable excipient may be a diluent, binder, disintegrant, lubricant, colorant, coating agent, anti-adherent, glidant, or combinations thereof. The barrier coating comprises hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, pullulan, polyvinyl alcohol and vinyl alcoholethylene glycol copolymer; copolymer comprising methyl methacrylate and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poylmethacrylic acids, polymethacrylates or combinations thereof. The vitamin D3 is substantially uniformly dispersed throughout the tablet core and the formulation comprises less than about 2% by weight of total impurities after 6 months at 40°C and 75% relative humidity. The disclosure also relates to processes of preparing these formulations and the use of these formulations in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing conditions associated with vitamin D3 insufficiency or deficiency, such as osteomalacia, osteoporosis, osteopenia, fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium rickets or hypocalcaemia.
A controlled release doxorubicin containing composition comprises doxorubicin physically entrapped in a dextran-methacrylate biodegradable hydrogel. The composition provides a rapid initial release of doxorubicin over a period of 5 to 7 hours followed by slow release. Increased degree of substitution in the dextran methacrylate decreases cumulative doxorubicin release. The composition provides higher cumulative release in acid pH (e.g., the stomach) than at physiological pH at lower degrees of substitution. The composition allows administration alternatives to the bolus intravenous and continuous intravenous methods of administration now used for doxorubicin. The composition can be prepared without the use of heat (which can result in heat destruction of doxorubicin) and is prepared without chemical cross-linker such as glutaraldehyde and the toxicity associated therewith.
The invention discloses an external plaster for treating rheumatism, hyperosteogeny, cough, asthma and diarrhea, medicinal powder for treating gynecological vaginitis, cervicitis, leucorrhoea peculiar smell and pruritus vulvae, and medicinal oil for treating burns, scalds and skin itch. The main raw materials employed by the external plaster for treating Taishaolianggan cough are cassia twig, Chinese herbaceous peony, radix bupleuri, scutellaria baicalensis, sea clam powder, saposhnikovia divaricata, polygonum cuspidatum, andrographis paniculata nees, rhizoma phragmitis, centipeda minima, loquat leaves, almonds and platycodon grandiflorum. The main raw materials employed by the external plaster for treating cold-heat complication-type cough and asthma are perillaseed, cassia twig, centipeda minima, fructus forsythia, polygala tenuifolia, cape jasmine, rhizoma belamcandae, almonds, tabasheer, curcuma aromatica and andrographis paniculata nees. The acupoint application medicine and the external medicines which are prepared from pure traditional Chinese medicine and can treat internal diseases by external treatment provided by the invention, avoid destruction, disorder and damage to the environment inside bodies when medicine is taken into human bodies. The combined action of acupoints and medicines can enhance resistance to disease of children, so rehabilitated children are not easy to get sick, and easy to rehabilitate if children get sick. The plaster and the external medicines are easy to use and economical and have direct effects.
Adults    
In general, clinically significant responses are not seen at doses below 1500 mg per day. However, a lower recommended starting dose and gradually increased dosage is advised to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms. 

The usual starting dose of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP is 500 mg once daily with the evening meal. Dosage increases should be made in increments of 500 mg weekly, up to a maximum of 2000 mg once daily with the evening meal. If glycemic control is not achieved on metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP 2000 mg once daily, a trial of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP 1000 mg twice daily should be considered. (See Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.: Error! Hyperlink reference not valid..) 

In a randomized trial, patients currently treated with metformin hydrochloride tablets were switched to metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Results of this trial suggest that patients receiving metformin hydrochloride tablets treatment may be safely switched to metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets once daily at the same total daily dose, up to 2000 mg once daily. Following a switch from metformin hydrochloride tablets to metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, glycemic control should be closely monitored and dosage adjustments made accordingly (see Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.: Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.). 

Pediatrics   
Safety and effectiveness of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP in pediatric patients have not been established.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as a promising pharmacological adjunct to treat and prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). We provide an overview of TXA, including its pharmacology, key findings of randomized trials and observational studies, and critical patient safety information.
RECENT FINDINGS: Pharmacokinetic data indicate that TXA infusions result in peak plasma concentration within 3 min (range: 1-6.6 min). Ex-vivo pharmacodynamic data suggest that low-dose TXA (5 mg/kg) inhibits maximum lysis for at least 1 h. In predominantly developing countries, TXA has demonstrated a 19% reduction in the risk of bleeding-related death among patients with PPH. Based on high-quality randomized trials, TXA prophylaxis does not effectively reduce the risk of PPH during vaginal delivery and is likely ineffective in reducing the PPH risk during cesarean delivery. TXA exposure does not increase the risk of maternal thrombotic events. Maternal deaths have occurred from accidental intrathecal TXA injection from look-alike medication errors.
SUMMARY: TXA has shown promise as an important adjunct for PPH treatment, especially in low-resource settings. However, TXA is not recommended as PPH prophylaxis during vaginal or cesarean delivery. Patient safety initiatives should be prioritized to prevent maternal death from accidental intrathecal TXA injection.