anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious interstitial lung disease with no viable treatment except for lung transplantation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), commonly regarded as an antidiabetic target, exerts antifibrotic effects on various types of organ fibrosis. However, whether GLP-1R modulates the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic effect of GLP-1R using in vitro and in vivo models of pulmonary fibrosis.
METHODS: A silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model was established to evaluate the protective effects of activating GLP-1R with liraglutide in vivo. Primary cultured lung fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1 combined with IL-1β (TGF-β1 + IL-1β) were used to explore the specific effects of liraglutide, MCC950, and 3PO on fibroblast activation in vitro. Cell metabolism assay was performed to determine the glycolytic rate and mitochondrial respiration. RNA sequencing was utilized to analyse the underlying molecular mechanisms by which liraglutide affects fibroblast activation. ChIP‒qPCR was used to evaluate histone lactylation at the promoters of profibrotic genes in TGF-β1 + IL-1β- or exogenous lactate-stimulated lung fibroblasts.
RESULTS: Activating GLP-1R with liraglutide attenuated pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice exposed to silica. Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome suppressed PFKFB3-driven glycolysis and vice versa, resulting in decreased lactate production in TGF-β1 + IL-1β-stimulated lung fibroblasts. Activating GLP-1R inhibited TGF-β1 + IL-1β-induced fibroblast activation by disrupting the interaction between the NLRP3 inflammasome and PFKFB3-driven glycolysis and subsequently prevented lactate-mediated histone lactylation to reduce pro-fibrotic gene expression. In addition, activating GLP-1R protected mitochondria against the TGF-β1 + IL-1β-induced increase in oxidative phosphorylation in fibroblasts. In exogenous lactate-treated lung fibroblasts, activating GLP-1R not only repressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation but also alleviated p300-mediated histone lactylation. Finally, GLP-1R activation blocked silica-treated macrophage-conditioned media-induced lung fibroblast activation.
CONCLUSIONS: The antifibrotic effects of GLP-1R activation on pulmonary fibrosis could be attributed to the inhibition of the interaction between NLRP3 inflammasome and PFKFB3-driven glycolysis, and histone lactylation in lung fibroblasts. Thus, GLP-1R is a specific therapeutic target for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic composition which moderates unevenness, a defect, of the skin, imparts a natural external appearance to the skin, and hence is useful for beauty culture by incorporating an oil phase and particles of a melamine-formaldehyde resin or a urea-formaldehyde resin into a physiologically tolerable medium. SOLUTION: Preferably, the resin particles have a number average particle size of 0.1-20 μm and are incorporated in an amount of 0.05-20 wt.% of the composition. Preferably, the composition is used in an anhydrous state or as an aqueous emulsion. When the composition is in an anbydrous state, the oil phase preferably occupies 60-99.9 wt.% of the composition. In the case of an aqueous emulsion, preferably, the water phase occupies 5-80 wt.% of the composition; the oil phase, 5-70 wt.%; and the composition contains an emulsifier. If necessary, the composition further contains a dye, a pigment, a perfume, a preservative, a sunscreen, a fat-soluble or water-soluble active component, a sequestering agent, a gelling agent, a filler, etc.
For the minimally invasive anterolateral surgical approach, a modified Watson-Jones approach according to Röttinger (Rottinger et al. 2006) was applied with the patient in supine position.
Despite medical advances, sepsis and septic shock remain some of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with a high inter-individual variability in prognosis, clinical manifestations and response to treatment. Evidence suggests that pulmonary sepsis is one of the most severe forms of sepsis, while liver dysfunction, left ventricular dysfunction, and coagulopathy impact the prognostic. Sepsis-related hypothermia and a hypoinflammatory state are related to a poor outcome. Given the heterogeneity of sepsis and recent technological progress amongst machine learning analysis techniques, a new, personalized approach to sepsis is being intensively studied. Despite the difficulties when tailoring a targeted approach, with the use of artificial intelligence-based pattern recognition, more and more publications are becoming available, highlighting novel factors that may intervene in the high heterogenicity of sepsis. This has led to the devise of a phenotypical approach in sepsis, further dividing patients based on host and trigger-related factors, clinical manifestations and progression towards organ deficiencies, dynamic prognosis algorithms, and patient trajectory in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Host and trigger-related factors refer to patients' comorbidities, body mass index, age, temperature, immune response, type of bacteria and infection site. The progression to organ deficiencies refers to the individual particularities of sepsis-related multi-organ failure. Finally, the patient's trajectory in the ICU points out the need for a better understanding of interindividual responses to various supportive therapies. This review aims to identify the main sources of variability in clustering septic patients in various clinical phenotypes as a useful clinical tool for a precision-based approach in sepsis and septic shock.
INTRODUCTION: burst abdomen is a preventable complication of caesarean section that carries an increased risk of maternal death, especially in developing countries including Tanzania. The study aimed to identify the risk factors and high-risk patients for burst abdomen at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania.
METHODS: a case-control study was performed at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam from 2nd April to 27th December 2019. Characteristics of interest of one case of burst abdomen were compared to three randomly selected controls that consisted of caesarean deliveries either 24 hours before or after the time of delivery of cases. The chi-square test, Fischer´s exact test, and multivariate analysis were used. The level of significance was p < 0.05.
RESULTS: a total of 524 women that met the inclusion criteria, comprising 131 cases and 393 controls, delivered by caesarean section in the most recent pregnancy at Muhimbili National Hospital. Cases were independently associated with perioperative illness, including cough (OR 3.8, 95%CI 1.9-7.6), chorioamnionitis (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.3-14.7), and surgical site infection (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.7-6.4), and a vertical midline incision wound (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.1) compared to control group. Most cases (70%) had intact sutures and loose surgical knots.
CONCLUSION: burst abdomen remains a cause of unnecessary severe maternal morbidity and is independently associated with perioperative illnesses such as cough, chorioamnionitis surgical site infection, and a vertical midline abdominal incision. Thus, there is a need for modifying abdominal fascia closure techniques for patients at risk.
An oral composition is provided. The oral composition contains whitlockite. The whitlockite is represented by chemical formula, Ca_20-yXy(HPO_4)_2(PO_4)_12. In chemical formula, the X is any kind of cation except calcium, and the ratio of Ca:X:P is able to be (1.28±0.2):(0.14±0.02):1. The oral composition also contains fluorine ions. The oral composition is able to have an excellent cleansing effect by containing the whitlockite and have an anticavity effect by containing the fluorine ions.
Phase 2: Implementation processes for assessing vaping behaviors and referring patients to a vaping cessation intervention (This is Quitting-TIQ) developed in Phase 1 will be tested within oncology survivorship clinics. Participants who opt to enroll in TIQ will also be asked to answer acceptability and applicability questions about their experience with the program.
Electro acupuncture (EA) intervention will be administered for 12 weeks to the Lung Mu-Shu points and St36 which are related to lung function and general function. The EA control intervention will be administered for 8 weeks and will use Lv7 and Gb 26 which are near the other points but not traditionally related to lung function or general function.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula I (A is lower alkyl, or phenyl; B is H, or lower alkyl; Z is OH, or NH2). EXAMPLE:A compound shown by the formula II. USE:A strong inhibitor having inhibitory actions on enzyme capable of decompositing opioides, capable of reducing an amount of a substance like narcotic such as morphine, etc., capable of alleviating habituation, and addiction caused by repeating use. Soluble slightly in water, showing fat solubility. Expected to have an antitumor action and hypotensive action. PREPARATION:For example, a trichlorogermanium compound shown by the formula III is reacted with dried H2S gas in the presence of a base such as pyridine, etc. in an organic solvent such as pyridine, etc. to give a compound shown by the formula I (Z=OH). Or the compound shown by the formula III is reacted with a chlorinating agent so that it is converted into a corresponding acid chloride, which is reacted with NH3 to give an amide derivative shown by the formula IV, which is treated with H2S gas under the same conditions, to give the compound shown by the formula I (Z=NH2).
Two strengths of HMPL-453 tablets (25 mg and 100 mg based on the free base) will be used for clinical studies. The drug products are coated tablets, which are packaged in white induction sealed HDPE bottles. HMPL-453 will be administered to patients as oral tablet(s) on a daily basis, untill disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or death. Dose levels are to be potentially tested in this study include 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/day.
Instead of receiving the Nitrous that would be used to help calm patients during the standard of care restorative procedure. Patients will be given a the Oculus Quest 2 Virtual realty headset and a video will be played. The FLACC pain scale, Wong Baker FACES Pain rating and Houpt scale data will be collected to compare the patients pain level between the two groups.
With global warming, there are growing challenges for raising taurine and composite beef cattle populations in tropical regions, including elevated temperatures, limited forage availability, parasite infestation, and infectious diseases. These environmental factors can trigger specific physiological responses in the developing fetus, which may have long-term implications on its performance. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the influence of naturally induced thermal stress during the gestation period on the subsequent performance of tropical composite beef cattle progeny. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the impact of genotype-by-gestational thermal environment interaction (G×Eg) on traits under selection pressure in the breeding population. A total of 157,414 animals from 58 farms located in various Brazilian states were recorded for birth weight (BW), preweaning weight gain (PWG), yearling weight (YW), hip height (HH), scrotal circumference (SC), and days to first calving (DFC). We first applied a linear regression model to the BW data, which revealed that the last 40 d of gestation were suitable for calculating the mean temperature humidity index (THIg). Subsequent regression analyses revealed that for every 10-unit increase in THIg, detrimental effects of approximately 1.13% to 16.34% are expected for all traits evaluated. Genetic parameters were estimated through a reaction norm model using THIg as the environmental descriptor. The posterior means of heritability estimates (SD) were 0.35 (0.07), 0.25 (0.03), 0.31 (0.03), 0.37 (0.01), 0.29 (0.07), and 0.20 (0.09) for the direct effect of BW, PWG, YW, HH, SC, and DFC, respectively. These estimates varied along the range of THIg values, suggesting a variable response to selection depending on the thermal environment during gestation. Genetic correlation estimates between more divergent THIg values were low or negative for YW, PWG, and DFC, indicating that the best-performing individuals at low THIg values may not perform as well at high THIg values and vice versa. Overall, thermal stress during gestation impacts the future performance of beef cattle offspring. Our results indicate the need for developing effective breeding strategies that take into account G×Eg effects and the re-ranking of breeding animals along the THIg scale, particularly for traits such as DFC that are highly sensitive to thermal stress.
The adoption of laparoscopy for the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) patients is debated. The laparoscopic approach has been associated with a considerable conversion-to-open rate. Nonetheless, reliable predictors of conversion are still unclear. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with conversion to open in ASBO patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for ASBO and were admitted to our unit between December 2014 and October 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were categorized into two groups: patients who underwent complete laparoscopy approach (Group 1) and patients converted to open technique (Group 2). Demographic, clinical, and radiological features, intraoperative findings, and postoperative outcomes were compared. A total of 168 patients were enrolled: 100 patients (59.5%) were included in Group 1, and 68 patients (40.5%) were included in Group 2. The rate of ischemia (p = 0.023), surgical complications (p = 0.001), operative time (p < 0.0001), days of nasogastric tube maintenance (p < 0.0001), time to canalization (p < 0.0001), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1. Following univariate analysis, the presence of feces signs (p = 0.044) and high mean radiodensity of intraperitoneal free fluid (p = 0.031) were significantly associated with Group 2 compared with Group 1. Following multivariate analysis, the feces sign was a significant predictive factor of conversion (OR 1.965 [IC 95%]; p = 0.046). Laparoscopic treatment is a safe and effective approach in patients affected by ASBO. The feces sign may be a predictive factor of conversion and could guide the surgeon in selecting the appropriate management of patients affected by ASBO.
Although the underlying mechanisms of fatigue have been studied in several disease conditions, the etiology, mechanisms, and risk factors remain elusive, and this symptom remains poorly managed at present. Longitudinal studies related to treatment-related fatigue in cancer patients have been conducted but there are limited data showing changes in molecular mechanisms before and after cancer therapy which can identify individuals who are at risk to experience fatigue during and after therapy. Fatigue is conceptualized as a multidimensional symptom which incorporates temporal, sensory, cognitive/mental, affective/emotional, behavioral, and physiological dimensions. This prospective, observational study will explore the molecular-genetic mechanisms underlying fatigue experienced by cancer patients receiving various therapies (e.g. immune therapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy and chemotherapy).

The primary objective of the study is to describe the changes in the self-reported fatigue experienced by cancer patients over time. The secondary objectives of this study are to (1) investigate the associations between inflammatory, neurometabolic, stress, and mitochondrial markers with fatigue intensification over time during the course of treatments, (2) determine changes in gene expression from peripheral blood samples over time during the course of treatments, (3) relate changes in the levels of these biological markers (i.e., inflammatory/metabolic/stress profiles and gene expression) to patient reported outcomes (PROs) of self-reported fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores, (4) measure cognitive functioning, skeletal muscle strength, physical activity levels and energy expenditure of patients and relate these findings with changes in PRO scores, the inflammatory/metabolic/stress profiles and gene expression, and (5) investigate the psychometric property of the Saligan-Walitt Integrated Fatigue Tool (SWIFT).
Spine pain is highly prevalent and costly, but evaluation with clinical features and anatomic imaging remain limited. Fat-suppressed MR imaging and molecular imaging (MI) may help identify inflammatory, lesional, and malignant causes. Numerous MI agents are available, each with advantages and disadvantages. Herein, FDG PET, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), bone radiotracers, and others are highlighted. No specific pain MI agents have been identified, but mechanisms of key agents are shown in video format, and the mechanism of PSMA as a theranostic agent is displayed. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to master this topic.
Use of high doses of acetyl salicylic acid is claimed to inhibit the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the intima and/or media after vascular injury USE - The high doses of acetylsalicylic acid inhibit the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the intima and/or media after vascular injury and inhibit the migration of smooth muscle cells from the media to the intima and inhibit the formation of an extracellular matrix and neointima formation (plaque formation). Esp. the high acetylsalicylic doses can be used to inhibit and treat arterial resterosis after angioplasty and thickening of the vessel walls after vascular surgery on arteries and veins. In an example human smooth muscle cells were trypsinised and cultivated in 1 ml MEM-EARL's medium contg. 10% human serum (as growth stimulant). After 8 days growth, the control gp. had 387000 cells, while a gp. which had received 150 mg/l acetyl/salicylic acid had 35250 cells. This corresponded to a 90% inhibition of the rate of proliferation.
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease, characterized by upregulated extracellular matrix deposition and inflammatory signalling, with no effective treatment options and targets. The present study was designed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of berberine (BBR) and its underlying mechanism in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced ALF. Male SD rats were administered with TAA 300 mg/kg, i.p., thrice to induce ALF and pre- or post-treated with BBR. To decipher the effects of BBR LFT markers, histopathological analysis of key fibrotic and inflammatory proteins was performed. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were assessed by ELISA. Our work showed TAA-induced ALF animals were associated with increased ALT, AST, bilirubin (LFT markers) and histopathological alterations with profuse infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver tissue. Treatment with BBR has significantly inhibited LFT markers and histological alterations triggered by TAA. In addition, TAA animals demonstrated increased collagen accumulation and upregulated expression of TGF-β1, vimentin, and α-SMA compared to control. The excessive accumulation of collagen, TGF-β1, vimentin, and α-SMA were significantly modulated with BBR treatment. Further, the fluorescence intensity of ROS an activator of NLRP3 including the NLRP3 inflammasome, and its downstream signalling ASC, cleaved IL-1β, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6 stimulated by TAA were attenuated by BBR treatment. The current work indicated that BBR significantly ameliorated TAA-induced ALF by inhibiting the extracellular matrix accumulation associated with the NLRP3/IL-1β signalling pathway and could be a viable therapeutic option to treat ALF and other fibroinflammatory diseases.
The invention discloses an iron-based montmorillonite chewable tablet and a preparation method thereof and relates to medicinal preparations of iron-based montmorillonite. The iron-based montmorillonite chewable tablet is prepared from an iron-based montmorillonite medicine and auxiliary materials. The auxiliary materials mainly comprise filler, a corrigent, a lubricant and a bonder. In addition, an antioxidant is added to have the anti-oxidizing effect. The preparation process of the preparation comprises the following steps: mixing the pre-treated iron-based montmorillonite, the auxiliary materials and the antioxidant in a certain proportion; preparing troches by a wet granulation tabletting method; and coating a sugar-coating outside the chewable tablet. The chewable tablet is good in taste, convenient to take and stable in property and can be used for treating hyperphosphatemia and iron-deficiency anemia caused by chronic renal failure.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicinal formula for treatment of female irregular menstruation. The formula involves the following effective components by weight: 30g of hawthorn, 10g of safflower, and 200g of white spirit. The materials are soaked in the white spirit for 1 week. The obtained product can be taken orally twice every day, 45-30g each time, and the dosage is dependent on one's drinking capacity and does not cause drunkenness. With the efficacy of promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, the formula provided by the invention is mainly used for treatment of hypomenorrhea, purple black and agglomerate menstrual blood, abdominal pain, and reduced pain after discharge of blood clots, raw and cold food should be avoided and the female should be protected from cold. The traditional Chinese medicinal formula provided by the invention aims to treat female irregular menstruation.
Patients age at least 20 years, and have been diagnosed as neuromuscular disorders by the neurologist. Patients who are unable to read the questionnaire, fail to accept all the examinations, and refuse to provide inform consent are excluded from this study.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image processor, with which plural images can be efficiently located in the state easy to observe when successively locating these images in an output region. SOLUTION: An information adding means 220 adds prescribed information (medical information) to plural collected images. An image relocating means 230 relocates the plural collected images on the basis of the prescribed information added to each of images. For example, first of all, the images of a single part (breast images or the like) are located successively from the side close to the head and next, the images of left and right organs (images of left and right hands or the like) are located in the order of the right organ and the left organ. According to the relocating order of the image relocating means 230, an image locating means 240 locates the plural collected images inside the output region. The information in this output region is outputted on a film or display.