anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention discloses a lignan compound, a preparation method and application thereof. The name of the lignan compound is (5S, 6S, 7R)-5-(3, 4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methoxy-6-(methoxy-methyl)-5, 6, 7, 8-tetralin [2, 3-d] [1, 3] dioxin miscellaneous cyclopentene. In the extraction method, dry phyllanthus amarus is smashed, and extreacted by a solvent; the extracted solution is separated; the extractum can be prepared after filtration and concentration. The extractum can be partially separated to prepare petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol and water-soluble parts. The part of petroleum ether can be separated through silica gel column chromatography; the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate can be used for gradient elution to prepare each component; the components containing the target compounds can be separated through the silica gel column chromatography; the eluant that consists of 30 portions of petroleum ether and 1 portion of ethyl acetate is used for repeated elution; then the lignan compound can be prepared after repeated crystallization and refining. The lignan compound can be used for inhibiting hepatitis B viruses in human bodies and relevant treatment.
Immune cells are the housekeepers of the human body. They protect the body from pathogens, cellular damage, and foreign matter. Proper activation of immune cells is of great significance to diseases such as infection, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. However, excessive activation of cells can be detrimental. An ideal biomaterial could enhance the cellular immune function without proinflammation. In this work, we used sporopollenin exine capsules (SEC) from pollen to promote functions of primary microglia, a typical resident immune cell of the brain. We found that microglia aggregated around SEC and did not undergo any proinflammation. SEC improved the viability, migration, phagocytosis, and anti-inflammatory ability of microglia. By exploring the underlying mechanism of microglial activation without the production of cytotoxic pro-inflammatory cytokines, we found that SEC protects microglia against inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an immunostimulatory factor, through the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in a myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent manner. These findings might shed light on the potential application of SEC in microglia transplantation for treatment of microglia-associated degenerative central nervous system diseases.
Patients participate in ERT over 12 weeks, in which they will receive prompts via a guided smartphone application to engage in ERT in their daily lives. Patients are asked to recall past positive experiences to create text cues which vividly describes these experiences.
The occurrence of immune disease comorbidities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been observed in both epidemiological and molecular studies, suggesting a neuroinflammatory basis in AD. However, their shared genetic components have not been systematically studied. Here, we composed an atlas of the shared genetic associations between 11 immune-mediated diseases and AD by analyzing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics. Our results unveiled a significant genetic overlap between AD and 11 individual immune-mediated diseases despite negligible genetic correlations, suggesting a complex shared genetic architecture distributed across the genome. The shared loci between AD and immune-mediated diseases implicated several genes, including GRAMD1B, FUT2, ADAMTS4, HBEGF, WNT3, TSPAN14, DHODH, ABCB9, and TNIP1, all of which are protein-coding genes and thus potential drug targets. Top biological pathways enriched with these identified shared genes were related to the immune system and cell adhesion. In addition, in silico single-cell analyses showed enrichment of immune and brain cells, including neurons and microglia. In summary, our results suggest a genetic relationship between AD and the 11 immune-mediated diseases, pinpointing the existence of a shared however non-causal genetic basis. These identified protein-coding genes have the potential to serve as a novel path to therapeutic interventions for both AD and immune-mediated diseases and their comorbidities.
The susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection depends on the cell surface expression of the human CD4 molecule and a human fusion accessory factor associated with HIV infection (STRL33). STRL33 is a member of the 7-transmembrane segment superfamily of G-protein-coupled cell surface molecules. STRL33 plays a role in the membrane fusion step of HIV infection for both TCL-tropic and M-tropic variants of HIV. The invention provides STRL33 polypeptide and polynucleotide sequences encoding STRL33 polypeptide. The establishment of stable, nonhuman cell lines and transgenic mammals having cells that coexpress human CD4 and STRL33 provides valuable tools for the continuing research of HIV infection and the development of more effective anti-HIV therapeutics. In addition, antibodies against STRL33, isolated and purified peptide fragments of STRL33, and STRL33-binding biologic agents, capable of blocking membrane fusion between HIV and target cells represent potential anti-HIV therapeutics.
The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations, and discloses a medicine composition with an effect of improving sleeping. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-2 parts of cinnamon, 2.5-4 parts of dried ginger, 2.5-4 parts of schisandra chinensis, 2.5-4 parts of fried spina date seed, 4.5-7 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 2.5-4 parts of radix rehmanniae, 2.5-4 parts of moutan bark, 2.5-4 parts of lophatherum gracile and 2.5-4 parts of Chinese date. The medicinal materials are synergized to play healthy functions of nourishing heart, tranquilizing, nourishing yin and liver, tonifying qi, relieving restlessness and improving sleeping. The medicine composition has a remarkable effect of improving sleeping, and does not have side effect. The invention further relates to a method for preparing the medicine with the effect of improving sleeping. The preparation method is simple to operate, environmentally friendly, economical, effective and non-toxic, and has a wide application prospect.
Part 1 is SAD with 5 cohorts (1 to 5) where each participant will receive single dose of RSN0402 powder for inhalation or placebo following a 10hour fast. Cohort 2 will also receive single dose of nintedanib oral soft capsule.
Individuals with low social status are at heightened risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), and MDD also influences social status. While the interrelationship between MDD and social status is well-defined, the behavioral causality between these two phenotypes remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the behavioral relationships between depressive and dominance behaviors in male mice exposed to chronic restraint stress and the role of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) astrocytes in these behaviors. Chronic restraint stress induced both depressive and submissive behaviors. Chemogenetic mPFC astrocyte activation significantly enhanced dominance in chronic stress-induced submissive mice by increasing the persistence of defensive behavior, although it did not affect depressive behaviors. Notably, repetitive winning experiences following mPFC astrocyte stimulation exerted anti-depressive effects in chronic restraint stress-induced depressive mice. These data indicate that mPFC astrocyte-derived winning experience renders anti-depressive effects, and may offer a new strategy for treating depression caused by low status in social hierarchies by targeting mPFC astrocytes.
This will be a trial evaluating the efficacy of micro-needling via tattoo device in stimulating scalp hair growth in patients with AA refractory to combination JAK inhibitor and oral minoxidil treatment. Ten healthy subjects who are at least eighteen years of age who have experienced no or partial scalp hair regrowth after ≥three months of JAK inhibitor plus oral minoxidil treatment will be enrolled. Subjects will undergo a treatment session once every thirty days for a total of six sessions over six months and will complete a total of eight visits over eight months. Procedures and visits are not standard of care but conducted for research. Each visit will last about an hour. Approximately 30 minutes will be spent on consenting and time for patient to ask questions during the first visit. The remaining 30 minutes will be allotted for the investigator to determine if the patient meets criteria for trial enrollment. During the remaining visits, 20 minutes will be allotted for photography, 15-20 minutes for the procedure and 10-15 minutes for post-procedure patient assessment. Remaining 10 minutes on visits 2 and 8 will be used for biopsy.
Sepsis is one of the main causes of admission to Intensive Care Units (ICU). The hemodynamic objectives usually sought during the resuscitation of the patient in septic shock correspond to macrohemodynamic parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, central venous pressure). However, persistent alterations in microcirculation, despite the restoration of macrohemodynamic parameters, can cause organ failure. This dissociation between the macrocirculation and microcirculation originates the need to evaluate organ tissue perfusion, the most commonly used being urinary output, lactatemia, central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2), and veno-arterial pCO2 gap. Because peripheral tissues, such as the skin, are sensitive to disturbances in perfusion, noninvasive monitoring of peripheral circulation, such as skin temperature gradient, capillary refill time, mottling score, and peripheral perfusion index may be helpful as early markers of the existence of systemic hemodynamic alterations. Peripheral circulation monitoring techniques are relatively easy to interpret and can be used directly at the patient's bedside. This approach can be quickly applied in the intra- or extra-ICU setting. The objective of this narrative review is to analyze the various existing tissue perfusion markers and to update the evidence that allows guiding hemodynamic support in a more individualized therapy for each patient.
A randomized control trial will be held at Safi hospital Faisalabad after the approval of the synopsis. The study will be double blinded clinical trial. Simple lottery method will be practiced to allocate subjects into two groups. Subjects are selected according to there explained inclusion exclusion criteria. The two groups are differentiated as control group and experimental group. Both the groups will be given the baseline intervention including TENS and Infrared. Along with baseline treatment control group will be given proprioceptive training and experimental group will be given core instability exercises. The evaluation is done before the research begin, after 6 weeks, after 12th week and Follow up on 16th week at the end of therapy. The outcomes will be assessed through Visual Analog Scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Fullerton Advanced Balance scale. The data will be recorded pre and post treatment and compared after 12th week. Informed consent should be signed by each patient and analysis is done by Statistical Package of Social Sciences Version 21.
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools created to enhance decision-making may have a significant impact on treatment algorithms for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). A Markov-based AI model was developed to predict optimal therapy based on maximization of calculated quality of life (cQoL), a patient-centered system of assessment designed to report outcomes directly linked to health-related quality of life.
STUDY DESIGN: The AI model was prospectively interrogated immediately after individual interventions for PAD over a 12-year period to test predictive performance. Patient cQoL was determined at each patient follow-up visit.
RESULTS: A total of 1,143 consecutive patients were evaluated, with a median follow-up of 18 months. Observed mean annualized cQoL was higher than predicted by the model (0.85 ± 0.38 vs 0.79 ± 0.18, p < 0.0001). Of 5 potential clinical outcomes, the AI model correctly predicted final status in 71.3% of patients, with insignificant model performance deterioration over time (-0.15% per month, r = -0.49, p = 0.063). The chance of having the condition predicted by the model was 0.57 ± 0.32, compared with a theoretical maximum of 0.70 ± 0.19 (p < 0.0001, mean ratio 0.79). The AI model performed better in patients with claudication than limb-threatening ischemia (75.5% vs 63.6%, p = 0.014) but equally well for open or endovascular intervention (69.8% vs 70.5%, p = 0.70). Graft or artery patency and amputation-free survival were better for patients with claudication and those treated with endovascular techniques.
CONCLUSIONS: AI can successfully predict treatment for PAD that maximizes patient quality of life in most cases. Future application of AI incorporating better estimates of patient anatomic and physiological risk factors and refinement of model structure should further enhance performance.
A method for making a directed antisense library against a target transcript is described. A cDNA of the target transcript is cloned in an appropriate cloning vector. Next, a plurality of deletion derivatives of the cloned cDNA  is prepared such that the deletions serially extend into the cDNA from one end thereof. The resulting deletion library is then treated such that cDNA is removed from the other end of each cDNA insert, thus obtaining a fragment library having fragments of a selected size. An antisense gene is then inserted into each fragment of the fragment library, resulting in the directed antisense library. An illustrative antisense gene in the hammerhead ribozyme catalytic core. Plasmids for making the antisense library, plasmids and methods for making the fragment library, and a method for identifying target sites for antisense-mediated gene inhibition are also described.
OBJECTIVE: To summarise the evidence on the effect of physiotherapy-led versus physician-led care on clinical outcomes, healthcare use, and costs in persons with low back pain.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, and PEDro were systematically searched with the latest search performed in July 2024. Reference lists of articles were hand-searched.
REVIEW METHODS: Studies comparing clinical outcomes, healthcare use, or costs between adults with low back pain first consulting a physiotherapist and those first consulting a physician were included. Methodological quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Study design, clinical setting, patient characteristics, and group effects were extracted. Findings on outcomes assessed in two or more studies were synthesised narratively. Certainty of evidence was determined using the GRADE approach.
RESULTS: Eighteen studies comprising 1,481,980 persons with low back pain were included. Most studies were non-randomised retrospective or prospective cohort studies. In primary care (15 studies), consistent evidence, though of mostly very low certainty, indicated that physiotherapy-led care leads to higher patient satisfaction, less use of medication, injections and imaging, fewer physician's visits, lower total healthcare costs, and less sick leave compared to physician-led care, without increased harm. In emergency care (three studies), evidence of very low certainty showed that physiotherapy-led care leads to shorter waiting and treatment times, and fewer hospital admissions.
CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy-led care is a clinically, time- and cost-effective care pathway for low back pain, although the certainty of evidence was overall very low. Further high-quality research with a greater focus on clinical outcomes is warranted.
Sodium Iodide I-131 Solution, a radioactive therapeutic agent, provides a concentrated solution of sodium iodide I-131 with a radioconcentration of 37,000 MBq/mL (1,000 mCi/mL). Each mL of the concentrated solution contains 37,000 MBq of no-carrier-added sodium iodide I-131, disodium edetate dihydrate USP as a stabilizer, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate USP as a reducing agent, and dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous USP. The pH of the concentrated solution is between 7.5 and 10.

The concentrated solution provided with Sodium Iodide I-131 Solution is used for the preparation of sodium iodide I-131 capsules or sodium iodide I-131 solution of varying strengths for oral administration for therapy.

Sodium iodide I-131 solution is designated chemically as Na 131I and has a molecular weight of 153.99 g/mol. Hard gelatin capsules, provided for the preparation of the sodium iodide I-131 capsules final dosage form, contain approximately 300 mg of dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous USP as the absorbing buffer.
Numerous epidemiological studies have been performed on the incidence of breast, endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer in women using oral contraceptives. The risk of having breast cancer diagnosed may be slightly increased among current and recent users of combination oral contraceptives (COCs). However, this excess risk appears to decrease over time after COC discontinuation and by 10 years after cessation the increased risk disappears. Some studies report an increased risk with duration of use while other studies do not and no consistent relationships have been found with dose or type of steroid. Some studies have found a small increase in risk for women who first use COCs before age 20. Most studies show a similar pattern of risk with COC use regardless of a woman's reproductive history or her family breast cancer history.

Breast cancers diagnosed in current or previous oral contraceptive users tend to be less clinically advanced than in nonusers. Women who currently have or have had breast cancer should not use oral contraceptives because breast cancer is usually a hormonally-sensitive tumor.

Some studies suggest that oral contraceptive use has been associated with an increase in the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in some populations of women.45–48 However, there continues to be controversy about the extent to which such findings may be due to differences in sexual behavior and other factors. In spite of many studies of the relationship between oral contraceptive use and breast and cervical cancers, a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established.
Sydenham's chorea (SC), an autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system, is a pivotal diagnostic criterion for acute rheumatic fever. Primarily prevalent in childhood, especially in developing countries, SC manifests with involuntary movements and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Predominantly occurring between ages 5 and 15, with a female bias, SC may recur, particularly during pregnancy or estrogen use. The autoimmune response affecting the basal ganglia, notably against dopamine, underlies the pathophysiology. Clinical management necessitates an integrated approach, potentially involving immunomodulatory therapies. To address discrepancies in SC management, a survey was conducted across Italy, targeting specialists in neurology, pediatrics, child neuropsychiatry, and rheumatology. Of the 51 responding physicians, consensus favored hospitalization for suspected SC, with broad support for laboratory tests and brain MRI. Treatment preferences showed agreement on oral prednisone and IVIG, while opinions varied on duration and plasmapheresis. Haloperidol emerged as the preferred symptomatic therapy. Post-SC penicillin prophylaxis and steroid therapy gained strong support, although opinions differed on duration. Follow-up recommendations included neuropsychological and cardiological assessments. Despite offering valuable insights, broader and more studies are needed in order to guide treatment decisions in this well-known yet challenging complication of acute rheumatic fever, which continues to warrant scientific attention and concerted clinical efforts.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently accompanied by declarative memory deficits. It has been hypothesized that these latter could be related to dopaminergic depletion within the fronto-striatal network. However, the nature of this relationship is not clearly understood. In this study we aim to assess the role of daily dopaminergic stimulation on the retrieval processes needed to perform different cognitive tasks. A group of PD patients will be administered declarative memory task both "on" (standard medication intake) and "off" (12/18 hours after the last medication intake). A group of comparable normal controls will also present with the same cognitive task twice, without any drug assumption. Understanding the effect of dopamine treatment on declarative memory processes will allow standard medication treatment to be adjusted in order to take into account both motor and cognitive features of Parkinson's disease.
The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal preparation for treating heat stroke. The preparation is characterized by being prepared from the following selected raw material medicaments in part by weight: 30 parts of mongolian snakegourd root, 30 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 30 parts of raw gypsum, 30 parts of cinnamomvine, 15 parts of Indian buead, 15 parts of honeysuckles, 15 parts of anemarrhena root, 15 parts of white hyacinth bean, 8 parts of megnolia hypoleuca and 8 parts of liquorice. The Chinese medicinal preparation may be pills, capsules, orally taken preparations, tablets and powder prepared by the traditional preparation process or modern preparation process. The selected medicinal materials combine the effect of invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis, clearing away heat and toxic material, and promoting the production of body fluid and moistening dryness. The Chinese medicinal preparation improves the immunity function of people who orally take the preparation and has good treatment effect on heat stroke caused by various factors. Clinical application shows that the Chinese medicinal preparation has the advantages of quick effect, obvious treatment effect, high tolerance, low cost and no toxic or side effect.
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a significant health concern for veterans and individuals with spinal cord injury, yet screening for overweight/obesity can be challenging. This study examines how healthcare providers screen for overweight/obesity and the challenges encountered in identifying overweight/obesity in veterans and persons with spinal cord injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthcare providers who provide care for persons with spinal cord injury completed a semi-structured interview. The interview explored their perspectives on measuring overweight/obesity in persons with spinal cord injury and the challenges they faced. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the interviews.
RESULTS: Twenty-five providers (88% female with an average experience of 9.6 ± 7.3 years in providing care for spinal cord injury patients) participated in the interviews. The themes described the health indicators and equipment used to assess overweight/obesity, provider concerns regarding measurement, and criteria for classifying overweight/obesity. Body weight and body mass index were the most commonly used indicators. However, concerns were raised regarding accuracy of these measures for spinal cord injury patients, as well as issues related to the accessibility, calibration, and usability of the equipment. Many providers reported using standard body mass index ranges and categories instead of those specific to spinal cord injury.
CONCLUSION: This study identified the most commonly used indicators of weight or body composition in veterans and persons with spinal cord injury and highlighted providers' concerns with these measures. Future research is needed to identify the most feasible, accurate, and appropriate health indicators that could be used in a clinical setting to identify overweight and obesity in this population.