anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic painful knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling physical health condition. Alterations in brain responses to arthritic changes in the knee may explain persistent pain. This study investigated source localized, resting-state electroencephalography activity and functional connectivity in people with knee OA, compared to healthy controls. Adults aged 44 to 85 years with knee OA (n = 37) and healthy control (n = 39) were recruited. Resting-state electroencephalography was collected for 10 minutes and decomposed into infraslow frequency (ISF) to gamma frequency bands. Standard low-resolution electromagnetic brain tomography statistical nonparametric maps were conducted, current densities of regions of interest were compared between groups and correlation analyses were performed between electroencephalography (EEG) measures and clinical pain and functional outcomes in the knee OA group. Standard low-resolution electromagnetic brain tomography nonparametric maps revealed higher (P = .006) gamma band activity over the right insula (RIns) in the knee OA group. A significant (P < .0001) reduction in ISF band activity at the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, whereas higher theta, alpha, beta, and gamma band activity at the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, the somatosensory cortex, and RIns in the knee OA group were identified. ISF activity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with pain measures and psychological distress scores. Theta and alpha activity of RIns were negatively correlated with pain interference. In conclusion, aberrations in infraslow and faster frequency EEG oscillations at sensory discriminative, motivational-affective, and descending inhibitory cortical regions were demonstrated in people with chronic painful knee OA. Moreover, EEG oscillations were correlated with pain and functional outcome measures. PERSPECTIVE: This study confirms alterations in the rsEEG oscillations and its relationship with pain experience in people with knee OA. The study provides potential cortical targets and the EEG frequency bands for neuromodulatory interventions for managing chronic pain experience in knee OA.
Neutropenia: Neutropenic deaths have been reported. Monitor for neutropenia with frequent blood cell counts. Cabazitaxel Injection is contraindicated in patients with neutrophil counts of ≤1,500 cells/mm 3. Primary prophylaxis with G-CSF is recommended in patients with high-risk clinical features. Consider primary prophylaxis with G-CSF in all patients receiving a dose of 25 mg/m 2[see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2)] . 

Severe hypersensitivity: Severe hypersensitivity reactions can occur and may include generalized rash/erythema, hypotension and bronchospasm. Severe hypersensitivity reactions require immediate discontinuation of the Cabazitaxel Injection infusion and administration of appropriate therapy. Patients should receive premedication. Cabazitaxel Injection is contraindicated in patients who have a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to cabazitaxel or to other drugs formulated with polysorbate 80 [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Contraindications (4), and Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] .
Decitabine is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor. Decitabine is a white to off white coloured powder with the molecular formula of C8H12N4O4 and a molecular weight of 228.21. Its chemical name is 4-amino-1-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one and it has the following structural formula:

Decitabine is soluble in dimethyl sulphoxide and sparingly soluble in water. 

Decitabine for injection for intravenous use, is a sterile, white to almost white lyophilized powder supplied in a clear colorless glass single-dose vial. Each 20 mL vial contains 50 mg decitabine, 68 mg monobasic potassium phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and 11.6 mg sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is used for pH adjustment.
PURPOSE:To obtain an agent for lowering side effect of Plecotus auritus having cardiac action, comprising barrenwort, crude medicine widely used for the purpose of robustness and energy from ancient times or its essence as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An agent for lowering side effect of Plecotus auritus, a crude medicine widely used for the purpose of cardiac action, comprises barrenwort or its essence as an active ingredient. For example, powder obtained by grinding leaf part of dried barrenwort, extracting the ground barrenwort with a solvent such as water, warm water or hydrous ethanol and removing the solvent may be cited as the essence of barrenwort. Barrenwort or its essence may be used as dried powder and preferably made into tablet, granule, capsule, etc., and orally administered. A dose is 0.5-5mg. Cardiac steroid which is the active ingredient of Plecotus auritus is a medicine having narrow safety, shows cardiac action immediately after administration of Plecotus auritus and exhibits side effect following the cardiac action. This agent for lowering the side effect promotes steroid metabolism and excretion and reduces side effect.
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous coaxial large-channel endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (PCLE-LIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. The clinical data of patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who underwent PCLE-LIF (experimental group) and TLIF (control group) surgery from September 2019 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. We collected clinical data and compared the two groups in terms of perioperative parameters, treatment response rate, inflammatory response markers, postoperative complications, postoperative pain, and functional recovery. The results showed that the treatment outcomes in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group. Specifically, perioperative parameters and inflammatory response markers in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The overall treatment response rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, postoperative VAS pain scores and ODI functional scores were lower, and postoperative JOA functional scores were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). In conclusion, PCLE-LIF appears to be a promising technique with better clinical outcomes in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.
PURPOSE: A tackifier, emulsion stabilizing agent, and external use skin composition containing the same are provided to maintain stable formulation without viscosity reduction. CONSTITUTION: A tackifier contains scleroglucan and locust bean gum as an active ingredient. The scleroglucan is denoted by chemical formula 1. The locust bean gum is denoted by chemical formula 2. The emulsion stabilizing agent contains scleroglucan and locust bean as an active ingredient. An external use skin composition contains scleroglucan and locust bean as an active ingredient. The content of the active ingredient is 0.001-10.0 wt%. The composition further contains salt or pH adjusting agent.
Proteoglycans containing link domains modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) to regulate cellular homeostasis and can also sensitize tissues/organs to injury and stress. Hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) injury disrupts cellular homeostasis by activating inflammation and attenuating regeneration and repair pathways. In the brain, the main component of the ECM is the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA), but whether HA modifications of the ECM regulate cellular homeostasis and response to H-I injury is not known. In this report, employing both male and female mice, we demonstrate that link-domain-containing proteoglycan, TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), is active in the brain from birth onward and differentially modifies ECM HA during discrete neurodevelopmental windows. ECM HA modification by TSG-6 enables it to serve as a developmental switch to regulate the activity of the Hippo pathway effector protein, yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), in the maturing brain and in response to H-I injury. Mice that lack TSG-6 expression display dysregulated expression of YAP1 targets, excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1; glutamate-aspartate transporter) and 2 (EAAT2; glutamate transporter-1). Dysregulation of YAP1 activation in TSG-6-/- mice coincides with age- and sex-dependent sensitization of the brain to H-I injury such that 1-week-old neonates display an anti-inflammatory response in contrast to an enhanced proinflammatory injury reaction in 3-month-old adult males but not females. Our findings thus support that a key regulator of age- and sex-dependent H-I injury response in the mouse brain is modulation of the Hippo-YAP1 pathway by TSG-6-dependent ECM modifications.
FIELD: stomatology. SUBSTANCE: two-side adhesive film contains one or more water-soluble polymers, plasticizer, if necessary partially water-soluble polymer, nonionic surfactants, and drugs. Film is manufactured by dissolving polymer and plasticizer in deionized water at 40-45 C or, if necessary at 80-85 C, after which cooled and filtered. If necessary, filtrate is supplemented by partially water-soluble polymer, stirred at 40-45 C and filtered. Resulting filtrate is dried in uniform layer on a surface at temperature no higher than 25 C in inert gas atmosphere until 5-10% water content in film is attained. EFFECT: eliminated damaging effects on contact with mucous tissues, denaturation of drugs, and allergic effects. 9 cl, 17 ex
The patients in this group underwent general anaesthesia with total intravenous anesthesia containing Remifentanyl (0,3 mg/kg ideal body weight/h), Propofol (4 mg/kg ideal body weight/h) and Atracurium. They received no additional medication.
Currently there is only one radiopharmaceutical agent approved in Canada (and the world) for clinical imaging of the pulmonary circulation, metastable isotope 99 of technetium. This agent is exclusively used for the diagnosis of physical defects of the circulation due to pulmonary embolus. There is imperative need for new lung tracers that will provide a greater safety profile while enabling functional as well as anatomical imaging of the pulmonary circulation. A novel adrenomedullin derivative has been developed, for molecular imaging of the pulmonary circulation. PulmoBind is labelled with metastable isotope 99 of technetium, the most commonly used imaging isotope in clinical nuclear medicine. PulmoBind is a adrenomedullin derivative specifically designed to bind to the adrenomedullin receptor while avoiding any hemodynamic effects. This novel tracer has the potential to help in the diagnosis and follow-up of various disorders of the pulmonary circulation for which there is currently no alternative. In PulmoBind I three escalating doses were administered and safety was assessed. The product was well tolerated and there were no safety concerns. Imaging revealed predominant lung uptake.
After randomization, the enrolled patients in this arm should be completely free from the risk of perioperative complications or recovered from the effects of complications, usually no earlier than 4 weeks after surgery but no more than 10 weeks after surgery, before receiving baseline follow-up and starting oral administration of Furmonertinib on the day of baseline follow-up. Patients in the treatment group should take Furmonertinib (80 mg each time) orally on an empty stomach before breakfast once a day. The medicine should be taken about the same time each day, by swallowing the whole tablet with water, without crushing or chewing. Patients should maintain oral administration of Furmonertinib for 6 consecutive months, unless there is disease progression, death, new anti-tumor therapy received or intolerance of investigational drugs.
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that primarily stimulates the Th1 immune response. IL-18 exhibits anticancer activity and has been evaluated in clinical trials as a potential cancer treatment. However, evidence suggests that it may also facilitate the development and progression of some cancers. So far, the impact of IL-18 on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been investigated. In this study, we found that the expression of IL-18 was significantly increased in PTC compared to normal thyroid tissue. Elevated IL-18 expression was closely associated with lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases. Furthermore, compared to PTC patients with no nodal metastasis, serum IL-18 levels were slightly increased in patients with 1-4 nodal metastases and significantly elevated in patients with 5 or more nodal metastases. The pro-metastatic effect of IL-18 may be attributed to the simultaneous increase in the expression of S100A10, a known factor that is linked to nodal metastasis in PTC. In addition, the activation of several pathways, such as the intestinal immune network for lgA production and Staphylococcus aureus infection, may be involved in the metastasis process. Taken together, IL-18 may trigger pro-metastatic activity in PTC. Therefore, suppressing the function of IL-18 rather than enhancing it appears to be a reasonable strategy for treating aggressive PTC.
Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a chronic disease in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin and the glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body. The main symptom is hyperglycemia. After 10 to 15 years of disease long-term vascular complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and macrovascular disease are seen. Among the most common long-term complications of diabetes, diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality. There is considerable uncertainty about the prevalence of DN due to a lack of large epidemiological studies and consensus on diagnostic criteria with data variation ranging from 5% to 100%. DN is thought to result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (vasa nervorum). It is a set of heterogeneous clinical syndromes that affect distinct regions of the nervous system, individually or combined. The investigators differentiate autonomic and peripheral neuropathy: Clinical presentation of autonomic neuropathy includes postural hypotension, vomiting, diarrhea, bladder paresis, impotence, sweating abnormalities, and gastric fullness. Peripheral neuropathy presents as altered pain sensations (dys-, para-, hypo- or hyperesthesia), burning, and either superficial or deep pain. The examination of choice for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy is to determine nerve conduction velocity.

One of the main goals in treating children and adolescents suffering from diabetes mellitus type I is to avoid long-term complications by early detection of clinical or, even better, subclinical signs. For this reason, the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) periodically issues Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines, particularly for screening for vascular complications. With regard to DN there is still uncertainty about the time frame, intensity and diagnostic method of choice.

The investigators aim to examine children and adolescents from 8 to 18 years suffering from diabetes mellitus type I for more than one year with an insulin requirement of more than 0.5 IU/kg/d. The investigators will exclude children with other chronic diseases, handicapped children or children suffering from cancer or chronic renal impairment, as well as children with other neurological diseases which can also cause a change in nerve conduction velocity, and children with blood glucose levels below 50 or above 350 mg/dl. At the time of the annual check-up the patients will undergo a detailed examination for anthropometric data, blood pressure, blood and urine. Thereafter, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity will be determined by electrical stimulation using surface patch electrodes. The nerves to be investigated are the nervus tibialis anterior, nervus medianus and nervus peroneus. Finally, the patient will undergo a neurological investigation to calculate his Young Score (Neuropathy Symptom Score).
PURPOSE: To obtain a hair conditioning composition containing an oily sunscreening substance in a lamella phase, comprising two phases, capable of reducing the amount of the sunscreening substance washed out and uniformly protecting hair. CONSTITUTION: This composition comprises a lamella phase containing a cationic surfactant (e.g. cetyltrimethylammonium chloride) and generally a long-chain aliphatic alcohol (e.g. cetostearyl alcohol) and a lamella phase containing 0.1-10wt.% of an oily sunscreening substance (e.g. p-methoxy cinnamic acid 2-ethyl hexyl ester). The composition further comprises a free fatty substance, a conditioning substance, a viscosity adjuster, a perfume, a colorant buffering agent, etc.
Evidence is growing that the individual adjustment of energy targets guided by indirect calorimetry (IC) can improve outcome. With the development of a new generation of devices that are easier to use and rapid, it appears important to share knowledge and expertise that may be used to individualize nutrition care. Despite the focus of this tutorial being on one contemporary device, the principles of IC apply across existing devices and can assist tailoring the nutrition prescription and in assessing response to nutrition therapy. The present tutorial addresses its clinical application in intubated mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing adult patients (canopy), i.e. it covers the range from critical illness to outpatients. The cases that are presented show how the measured energy expenditure (mEE), and the respiratory quotient (RQ), i.e. the ratio of expired CO2 to consumed O2, should be applied in different cases, to adapt and individualize nutrition prescription, as it is a good marker of over- or underfeeding at the different stages of disease. The RQ also informs about the patient's body's capacity to use different substrates: the variations of RQ indicating the metabolic changes revealing insufficient or excessive feeding. The different cases reflect the use of a new generation device as a metabolic monitor that should be combined with other clinical observations and laboratory biomarkers. The tutorial also points to some shortcomings of the method, proposing alternatives.
The day before the test, the patient was titrated with the oxygen concentration under non-invasive ventilation. The non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure ventilation was used, the pressure was set at 8cmH2O, and the oxygen concentration was titrated when the blood oxygen saturation was greater than 92% during non-invasive ventilation, and the oxygen concentration in the respiratory tube was constant after the test. In non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation mode, maintain the same positive airway pressure setting, and superimpose high-frequency oscillatory airflow with amplitude of 6cmH2O and oscillatory frequency of 10HZ.
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of CSF leak following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery remains the most important measure in the success of any repair. The nasoseptal flap (NSF) has played a pivotal role in reconstructing defects. However, morbidity associated with the NSF includes bleeding, septal injury, altered smell and crusting. Tachosil® is an absorbable fibrin sealant patch that promotes haemostasis and wound healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Tachosil® to repair intraoperative defects during an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients who underwent an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach with the use of Tachosil® at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, between January 2013 and June 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Tachosil® was used as an overlay patch over of the bony defect, in a multi-layered repair depending on the defect and grade of CSF leak. The primary outcome measure was post-operative CSF leak.
RESULTS: A total of 52 primary procedures where Tachosil® was used as the overlay were analysed. There were 23 (44.2%) intraoperative CSF leaks. The overall post-operative CSF leak rate was 7.8% (n = 4), with all cases having had a Tachosil® overlay reconstruction with no NSF. A formal NSF was harvested in only five cases alongside the Tachosil® patch, where a grade 2 or more leak was identified at the time of the primary procedure, none of which developed a post-operative leak. No patient had any post-operative adverse outcomes that were attributed to Tachosil®.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe this to be the largest case series evaluating the endoscopic use of Tachosil® in skull base reconstruction. Our data show that in endoscopic transsphenoidal approach, Tachosil® may be used safely in a multi-layered approach as an effective alternative to the NSF in low flow CSF leak cases, or alongside a NSF in higher flow leaks.
INTRODUCTION: The prospective study aimed to investigate the long-term associated risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across various subtypes of steatotic liver disease (SLD).
METHODS: We enrolled 332,175 adults who participated in a health screening program between 1997 and 2013. Participants were categorized into various subtypes, including metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD with excessive alcohol consumption (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), based on ultrasonography findings, alcohol consumption patterns, and cardiometabolic risk factors. We used computerized data linkage with nationwide registries from 1997 to 2019 to ascertain the incidence of cirrhosis and HCC.
RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 16 years, 4,458 cases of cirrhosis and 1,392 cases of HCC occurred in the entire cohort, resulting in an incidence rate of 86.1 and 26.8 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The ALD group exhibited the highest incidence rate for cirrhosis and HCC, followed by MetALD, MASLD, and non-SLD groups. The multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for HCC were 1.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-2.44), 2.91 (95% CI 2.11-4.03), and 2.59 (95% CI 1.93-3.48) for MASLD, MetALD, and ALD, respectively, when compared with non-SLD without cardiometabolic risk factors. The pattern of the associated risk of cirrhosis was similar to that of HCC (all P value <0.001). The associated risk of cirrhosis for ALD increased to 4.74 (95% CI 4.08-5.52) when using non-SLD without cardiometabolic risk factors as a reference.
DISCUSSION: This study highlights elevated risks of cirrhosis and HCC across various subtypes of SLD compared with non-SLD, emphasizing the importance of behavioral modifications for early prevention.