anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppressed patients are at increased risk for opportunistic infections, including activation of latent viral infections. These include cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) which have been observed in patients receiving immunosuppressants, including CellCept. 

Cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), sometimes fatal, have been reported in patients treated with CellCept. Hemiparesis, apathy, confusion, cognitive deficiencies and ataxia were the most frequent clinical features observed. The reported cases generally had risk factors for PML, including treatment with immunosuppressant therapies and impairment of immune function. In immunosuppressed patients, physicians should consider PML in the differential diagnosis in patients reporting neurological symptoms and consultation with a neurologist should be considered as clinically indicated. Consideration should be given to reducing the amount of immunosuppression in patients who develop PML. In transplant patients, physicians should also consider the risk that reduced immunosuppression represents to the graft.

BKVAN is associated with serious outcomes, including deteriorating renal function and renal graft loss (see ADVERSE REACTIONS: Postmarketing Experience). Patient monitoring may help detect patients at risk for BK virus-associated nephropathy. Reduction in immunosuppression should be considered for patients who develop evidence of BK virus-associated nephropathy.
The invention relates to construction and application of chimeric antigen receptor-mononuclear/macrophage (CAR-M). The gene editing means is used for designing and optimizing a gene engineering receptor molecule suitable for introducing mononuclear/macrophage cell membrane organization as a chimeric antigen receptor, wherein the chimeric antigen receptor comprises a leader peptide, a recognition region, a hinge region and a transmembrane/intracellular signal region, and specifically comprises a sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.1-SEQ ID NO. 18. The invention also relates to application of the chimeric antigen receptor-mononuclear/macrophage (CAR-M), the invention adopts the mononuclear/macrophage as a carrier cell for cell immunotherapy, and the invention can solve the problem that the CAR-T cannot enter the inside of the solid tumor by utilizing good tissue infiltration and cytokine chemotaxis. The invention utilizes chimeric antigen receptor to endow mononuclear/macrophage with targeting to tumor cells, enhances phagocytosis to tumor cells, further can present tumor antigen to T cells, and enhances anti-tumor immunity. The chimeric antigen receptor-mononuclear/macrophage (CAR-M) constructed by the invention can be used for cell immunotherapy of solid tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and the like.
All participants underwent routine ophthalmic examination by their physician. Three independent examiners performed gonioscopy using Spaeth Gonioscopic Grading System. Findings were recorded independently along with risk assessment of angle being closed as: high, medium, and low or no risk. Patient information was not available to doctor during gonioscopy. One eye of each patient was imaged using both Visante and Cirrus OCT. Imaging was performed under scotopic and photopic conditions and obtained from horizontal (3:00 and 9:00 o'clock) and vertical (6:00 and 12:00 o'clock) meridians. The same experienced independent examiner performed all Cirrus measurements. Visante was performed by 3 trained technicians using same protocol.

OCT images were exported and masked to be evaluated for presence of open or closed anterior chamber angle. Masked images were presented with no other patient information available to two examiners with glaucoma training working together to score on basis of iridocorneal angle as, closed (0 degree), high possibility (10 degree), medium risk (20 degree), and low or no risk (\> 30 degree).
BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections (BSI) represent a common cause of sepsis and mortality in children. Blood culture (BC) is the gold standard for diagnosis of BSI. The low sensitivity of BC in the pediatric population is usually due to the small volume of blood used for inoculation and to the antibiotics used before sampling. Here, we explore the ways to effectively reduce antibiotic activity to maximize the chances of pathogen recovery, and to enhance the growth of microorganisms in lower blood volume and bacterial counts.
METHODS: The recovery of common pathogens causing blood stream infections was analyzed after exposure to cefo-perazone/sulbactam, vancomycin, and caspofung by using resin-containing or not BacT/Alert PF Plus and BD FX400 peds plus pediatric bottles. The microbial growth in the resin-containing bottles was assessed using 0.5 colony-forming units (CFU) bacterial inoculum to mimic the bacteremia/fungemia condition. The usefulness of a diagnosis to confirm or exclude BSI was evaluated by lower than recommended blood culture sampling (102 CFU/mL, 0.3 mL).
RESULTS: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Candida glabrata (C. glabrata) were recovered from 100% of two types of resin-containing bottles in the presence of a sufficient antibiotic dose, while Escherichia coli (E. coli) was not restored to 100% in BD FX400 peds plus pediatric bottles. The shorter TTD for S. aureus, C. glabrata, and E. coli were observed in antibiotic-containing BacT/Alert PF Plus bottles. Both the PF Plus and BD resin test bottles showed consistently good TTD performances to Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and yeast species in low inoculum levels, with the exception of S. aureus. The lower volume of blood inoculated into culture bottles hardly affected the growth of most bacteria, but optimized PF Plus resin-bottles accelerated the detection of infectious agents, especially S. aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and C. glabrata.
CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to enhance recovery from antibiotic-containing pediatric bottles and shorten TTD for the identification of pathogens by using the BacT/Alert blood culture system combination with new resin-containing media.
BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure (ALF) secondary to metastatic melanoma presents a rare and diagnostically challenging clinical scenario.
CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 57-year-old male who succumbed to fulminant liver failure attributed to hepatic infiltration by malignant melanoma. Despite extensive diagnostic evaluation, the underlying cause of ALF remained elusive until postmortem examination revealed multifocal metastatic melanoma. Notably, the autopsy disclosed a remarkable finding: a 10 cm lymph node in the right axilla, conspicuously harboring metastatic melanoma cells. Surprisingly, this progressive lymph node was not detected on admission or during comprehensive imaging studies conducted 24 h prior to death. Rigorous cross-referencing of radiological and autopsy findings highlighted the accuracy of prior interventions visible on imaging, further accentuating the dynamic nature of metastatic melanoma progression.
CONCLUSION: This case underscores the importance of vigilance in detecting metastatic melanoma, even in atypical sites, and emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in complex clinical scenarios.
Screening of a  Parietaria  pollen-λgt22 library with antisera to a 14-kDa pollen protein from  Parietaria  led to the identification of several cDNA clones encoding allergenic proteins. Nucleotide sequence analysis of these clones indicated that, on the basis of the sequence homologies, these clones may be classified to three groups; group I (PJ001) comprising seven isoallergens, group II (PJ002) comprising two isoallergens and group III (PJ003) with three isoallergenic variants. Four of these cDNAs were expressed in pCNAII vectors which bound to the murine antibodies. IgE binding assay with 15-residue peptides designed from the deduced sequences of one of the group I proteins revealed a dominant IgE-binding region which spanned two overlapping peptides, peptides #27 and #28. These peptides are conserved among all of the group I iso-allergens. Furthermore, a murine monoclonal antibody directed to a major  Parietaria-  allergen bound to peptide #28, suggesting that this peptide is recognized by mouse antibodies as well. In a splenocyte culture of mice immunized with Parietaria allergens, peptide #28 stimulated the production cytokines IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ, whereas, peptide #23 stimulated production of only cytokine IFN-γ. Furthermore,  Parietaria -specific antibodies were found in sera of North American subjects and these antibodies were shown to bind the 14 kDa  Par   j  I allergen. Accordingly, these recombinant  Parietaria  allergens are useful in both diagnosis and therapy of allergic diseases induced by  Parietaria  pollens.
A protein antigen (SSP2) on the surface of $i(Plasmodium) sporozoites which is detected by a monoclonal antibody (NYS4) which is specific for a 140 kilodalton (kD) protein of the sporozoite surface is disclosed. Immunoreactive genomic clones expressing this surface antigen gene are also disclosed. The nucleic acid sequence and deduced amino acid sequence are disclosed. A synthetic peptide containing repeating epitopes of SSP2 derived protein antigen which are substantially shorter in length than the intact antigen are disclosed. The peptide elicits antibodies which bind to the SSP2 protein on the sporozoite surface. In combination, the SSP2 protein and the CS protein elicit immunological responses in the mammalian host which confer 100 % protection against challenge infection.
Consented participants referred from the 5 developments randomized to the Usual Care Arm +Automated Appointment Reminders who are referred to an ophthalmologist for a follow-up eye exam will only be scheduled for their initial appointment at either Columbia Harkness Eye Institute or Harlem Hospital Ophthalmology. They will not receive enhanced support. Scheduling this initial appointment will allow tracking of adherence. Arm 2 represents a realistic choice available for participants following screening over a 1-year period.
The utility model discloses a medical record filing status monitoring system which includes a hospital information system server, a medical record filing server, a medical record department terminal, a nurse station terminal, a scanner and a medical record with a bar code. The output of the hospital information system server is connected to the input of the medical record filing server for transmitting hospital discharge information of the hospital information system server into the medical record filing server. The medical record filing server is in telecommunication connection with the medical record department terminal for data transmission therebetween. The nurse station terminal is in telecommunication connection with the medical record filing server for data transmission therebetween. The scanner is connected to the nurse station terminal, and is used for scanning the bar code on the medical record. According to the utility model, nurses in each ward scan and recycle medical records of discharged patients in time, a computer in a medical record department monitors the filing status of the medical records in real time, the timeliness and accuracy of medical record recycling are improved, the working efficiency and quality are improved, and the error rate is reduced.
INTRODUCTION: Early extubation has been adopted in many settings within cardiothoracic surgery, with several advantages for patients. We sought to determine the association of timing of extubation in lung transplant recipients' short- and long-term outcomes.
METHODS: Adult, primary lung transplants were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing database. Recipients were stratified based on the duration of postoperative ventilation: 1) None (NV); 2) <5 Days (<5D); and 3) 5+ Days (5+D). Comparative statistics were performed, and both unadjusted and adjusted survival were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier Methods and a Cox proportional hazard model. A multivariable model including recipient, donor, and transplant characteristics was created to examine factors associated with NV.
RESULTS: 28,575 recipients were identified (NV = 960, <5D = 21,959, 5+D = 5656). The NV group had shorter median length of stay (P < 0.01) and lower incidence of postoperative dialysis (P < 0.01). The NV and <5D groups had similar survival, while 5+D recipients had decreased survival (P < 0.01). The multivariable model demonstrated increased donor BMI, center volume, ischemic time, single lung transplant, and transplantation between 2011 and 2015 were associated with NV (P < 0.01 for all). Use of donation after cardiac death donors and transplantation between 2016 and 2021 was associated with postoperative ventilator use.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients extubated early after lung transplantation have a shorter median length of stay without an associated increase in mortality. While not all patients are appropriate for earlier extubation, it is possible to extubate patients early following lung transplant. Further efforts are necessary to help expand this practice and ensure its' success for recipients.
The present disclosure is directed to devices, systems, and methods for sensing and discerning whether a distal portion of a fat grafting cannula or probe is disposed in fat tissue or muscle tissue during fat grafting procedures. In one aspect of the present disclosure, a fat grafting cannula or probe is provided including first and second electrodes. Each electrode is coupled to a circuit, e.g., disposed in an electrosurgical generator. During a fat grafting procedure, the electrodes contact patient tissue. Based on signals received from each electrode, the circuit is configured to determine whether a distal portion of the fat grafting cannula is disposed in a fat tissue or muscle tissue. If the circuit determines that the fat grafting cannula is disposed in muscle tissue, the surgeon operating the fat grafting cannula is alerted to ensure that processed fat is not injected into the muscle tissue of the patient.
Patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) are at risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VA). The ICD is a device that can treat VA by antitachycardia pacing or ICD shocks. Since ICD shocks are painful and unpredictable, patients with an ICD can suffer from anxiety symptoms. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment (EMDR) is an effective treatment to enhance the process of traumatic events. In addition, this treatment has also shown to be able to reduce anxiety symptoms. EMDR treatment according to standard protocol starts with flashback (FB) procedure and may be followed by the flashforward (FF) procedure. The FB procedure focusses on events that happened in the past, while the FF procedure aims to reduce fear evoked by images of imagined future adverse events. So far, it is not clear whether the FB procedure is always necessary for the EMDR treatment to be effective. Moving straight towards application of the FF procedure (without first applying the FB procedure), may save treatment time and costs. Therefore, the main objective in this study is to test whether flashforward (FF) EMDR alone is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in ICD patients. This will be tested with a pilot randomized controlled trial with a three-arm repeated measures design. Subjects will either receive FF EMDR, FB EMDR or no EMDR during the study. To measure their heart focussed anxiety, subjects will fill out the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) before, during and after treatment or waiting period.
In Treatment Period 1, participants will receive single oral dose of Debio 1450 40 mg on Day 1. In Treatment Period 2, participants will receive itraconazole 200 mg, twice daily (BID) orally, on Day 1, followed by itraconazole 200 mg once daily (QD), on Days 2 to 4, and then single oral dose of Debio 1450 40 mg and itraconazole 200 mg on Day 5, followed by a single oral dose of itraconazole 200 mg on Days 6 and 7.
The aim of this study was to assess the risk of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). We recruited both OSAS patients and non-OSAS subjects from multiple centers and evaluated their skeletal muscle index (SMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and inflammatory factors. All participants underwent polysomnography (PSG) testing, handgrip strength testing, chest CT, and dual-energy x-ray BMD testing. Based on the PSG diagnosis results, the participants were divided into a control group and an OSAS group. The analysis results revealed a higher incidence of sarcopenia in the OSAS group (χ2 = 22.367; P = 0.000) and osteoporosis (χ2 = 11.730a; P = 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in BMI (P = 0.000), grip strength (P = 0.000), SMI (P = 0.000), bone density (P = 0.000) and vitamin D (P = 0.000). The independent sample t test results showed that there was no statistical difference between IL-6 (P = 0.247) and CRP (P = 0.246). Considering the potential impact of body weight on the observed indicators, we employed covariance analysis to calculate the modified P value for each observation indicator. The findings demonstrated that the grip strength, IL-6, and CRP levels in the OSAS group were significantly higher compared to the control group. Conversely, the SMI, bone density, and Vitamin D levels were found to be significantly lower in the OSAS group than in the control group. These results suggest a higher likelihood of sarcopenia and osteoporosis among OSAS patients. Further studies should be conducted in larger study populations.
This is a single-center, single-dose, open-label, randomized, crossover study in healthy adults, following a 5-sequence, 5-treatment, 5-period Latin square design. The study consists of a screening phase (within 21 days before the first administration of study drug), and a treatment phase consisting of 5 periods during which volunteers will receive a single dose of study drug under fasting conditions \[orally with 240 mL of water or intravenously (i.v.)\] in a random order. Pharmacokinetic blood and urine samples will be collected over a 96-hour period following study drug administration during each treatment period. Volunteers will be confined to the testing facility from at least 10 hours before dosing until 72 hours after dosing in each treatment period and will return for additional assessments. Each administration of study drug will be separated by a washout period of at least 7 to a maximum of 14 days. The duration of volunteer participation is maximally 12 weeks, including the 3 week screening period. CYP2D6 metabolizer status will be assessed by phenotyping and will be corroborated by genotyping of a DNA sample to be collected from volunteers who consent to this part of the study. Pharmacokinetic data are available after oral administration of immediate release and extended release formulations of paliperidone. No data are available after i.v. administration of paliperidone. The data obtained in this study for the i.v. route are important to further characterize the pharmacokinetics of paliperidone, and for future population pharmacokinetics modeling of paliperidone. For chiral substances, it is requested by regulatory authority guidelines to document the disposition of the enantiomers. Therefore, the disposition of the (+) and (-) enantiomers of paliperidone for different administration routes (i.v. and oral) and formulations (immediate release and extended release \[ER OROS\]) will be documented. Separate enantiomers will be administered in this study, as it is important for the full understanding of the pharmacokinetics of paliperidone to document the possible chiral interconversion. Safety and tolerability will be monitored throughout the study. 5 single doses, one each of: Treatment A, 1 mg IR paliperidone oral solution; Treatment B, 3 mg ER OROS paliperidone oral; Treatment C, 1 mg paliperidone as a 30-min i.v. infusion; Treatment D, 1 mg (+)-paliperidone (R078543) oral solution; and Treatment E, 1 mg (-)-paliperidone (R078544) oral solution.
The sham acupuncture group will be performed by superficial needling with less than 4mm depth. The needling location is about 0.5 cm away from the acupoints. Both the real acupuncture group and the sham acupuncture group received the same treatment protocol.
### Pediatrics

Promethazine hydrochloride injection should not be used in pediatric patients less than 2 years of age because of the potential for fatal respiratory depression. Postmarketing cases of respiratory depression, including fatalities, have been reported with use of promethazine in pediatric patients less than 2 years of age. A wide range of weight-based doses of promethazine hydrochloride injection have resulted in respiratory depression in these patients.

Caution should be exercised when administering promethazine hydrochloride injection to pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. It is recommended that the lowest effective dose of promethazine hydrochloride injection be used in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. Avoid concomitant administration of other drugs with respiratory depressant effects because of an association with respiratory depression, and sometimes death, in pediatric patients.

### Other

Because of the risk of potentially fatal respiratory depression, use of promethazine hydrochloride injection in patients with compromised respiratory function or patients at risk for respiratory failure (e.g. COPD, sleep apnea) should be avoided.
In contemporary times, tumors have emerged as the primary cause of mortality in the global population. Ongoing research has shed light on the significance of neurotransmitters in the regulation of tumors. It has been established that neurotransmitters play a pivotal role in tumor cell angiogenesis by triggering the transformation of stromal cells into tumor cells, modulating receptors on tumor stem cells, and even inducing immunosuppression. These actions ultimately foster the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. Several major neurotransmitters have been found to exert modulatory effects on tumor cells, including the ability to restrict emergency hematopoiesis and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, thereby inhibiting malignant progression. The abnormal secretion of neurotransmitters is closely associated with tumor progression, suggesting that focusing on neurotransmitters may yield unexpected breakthroughs in tumor therapy. This article presents an analysis and outlook on the potential of targeting neurotransmitters in tumor therapy.