anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND/AIM: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare pathology caused by overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Its common clinical features include generalized muscle weakness, bone pain, and fractures. Complete resection of the offending tumor is the mainstay treatment. In this report, we present the first case of TIO by an FGF23 producing tumor treated using a tumor-bearing autograft treated with liquid nitrogen.
CASE REPORT: A 63-year old female presented with generalized body pain, particularly in the left arm. The patient was diagnosed with a FGF23 producing tumor of the left humerus. Wide resection of the involved tumor was performed using a tumor-bearing autograft that was treated with liquid nitrogen. Postoperatively, the FGF23 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels significantly decreased and inorganic phosphate normalized. There was also subsequent relief of generalized body pain. Immediately after the operation, range of motion of the left shoulder and elbow was initiated. The patient was instructed to perform forward flexion and abduction up to 90° with a rotational restraint. Almost complete bone union was observed at 12 months post procedure. Postoperative functional results were as follows: Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score of 27/30, 90% and International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) score of 26/30, 87%. Ten years after the surgery, osteotomy line was completely obscured based on radiographs. The patient was disease free and without activity limitation.
CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of wide excision of a FGF23 producing tumor and reconstruction using a tumor-bearing frozen autograft performed with excellent outcomes.
All participants receive vibrotactile stimulation at three different stimulation settings as well as one sham condition. Specifically, stimulation is applied at (1) brief bursts of 80Hz that occur at the individual tremor frequency, (2) 80Hz bursts at tremor frequency\*1.5, and (3) continuous stimulation at 80Hz. The sham condition does not involve any stimulation. All of the stimulations will be applied under three different contextual manipulations: during rest, posture and cognitive coactivation (serial subtraction task). Within each context, stimulation/sham conditions are applied in random order.
PURPOSE: According to evidence from randomized trials and current guidelines, elective carotid artery stenting (CAS) is still considered second-line therapy compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA). However, the publication of randomized comparative trials for patients with symptomatic stenoses occurred well over 10 years ago. In view of problems regarding German quality assurance when differentiating elective from emergency interventions and low case numbers for CAS indications, it seemed reasonable to present neurologically controlled CAS results and to investigate whether elective CAS consistently fulfills the strict quality criteria and what differences exist with respect to emergency CAS interventions in acute ischemic stroke.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 01/2012 and 07/2022, 141 elective CAS procedures were performed to treat patients with symptomatic (n = 123) and asymptomatic (n = 18) stenoses. Protection by a filter system was achieved in 134 of these elective procedures (95 %). During the same period, 158 patients underwent carotid stenting for acute stroke. Complication rates were determined using neurologically controlled data. CAS-related complications (stent thrombosis, stent-associated vascular damage, thromboembolism, and symptomatic hemorrhage) were extracted from emergency interventions, and clinical outcome (NIHSS progression) was determined during the inpatient stay.
RESULTS: The rate of stroke and death determined during the inpatient stay for elective symptomatic patients was 0.8 %. Early treatment within the first 7 days after the index event, age > 70 years, and operator experience were not significant risk factors for the occurrence of complications. No complications were observed after CAS of asymptomatic stenoses. The procedure-related complication rate for emergency procedures was 7.8 %, which was significantly higher than after elective CAS, as expected (p < 0.006).
CONCLUSION: Even with limited indications and limited case numbers, compliance with the strict quality criteria of the current S3 Guideline 2022 for elective CAS interventions is possible for both symptomatic and asymptomatic stenoses in an experienced center. Emergency CAS interventions have significantly higher complication rates under other conditions and must be considered separately with regard to quality assurance.
KEY POINTS: · Elective carotid stenting fulfills the strict quality criteria of the current S3 guideline 2022.. · Emergency carotid stenting has significantly higher complication rates than elective procedures.. · Elective and emergency carotid stenting cannot be meaningfully compared..
CITATION FORMAT: · Keil F, Stahn S, Reitz SC et al. Elective carotid stenting fulfills quality standards defined in guidelines. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; 196: 471 - 481.
INTRODUCTION: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous genetic heart disease with an estimated prevalence in the general population of 0.2% to 0.6%. Clinically, HCM can range from no symptoms to severe symptoms such as heart failure or sudden cardiac death. Currently, the management of HCM involves lifestyle modifications, familial screening, genetic counseling, pharmacotherapy to manage symptoms, sudden cardiac death risk assessment, septal reduction therapy, and heart transplantation for specific patients. Multicenter randomized controlled trials have only recently explored the potential of cardiac myosin inhibitors (CMIs) such as mavacamten as a directed pharmacological approach for managing HCM.
AREAS COVERED: We will assess the existing medical treatments for HCM: beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, disopyramide, and different CMIs. We will also discuss future HCM pharmacotherapy guidelines and underline this patient population's unfulfilled needs.
EXPERT OPINION: Mavacamten is the first-in-class CMI approved by the FDA to target HCM pathophysiology specifically. Mavacamten should be incorporated into the standard therapy for oHCM in case of symptom persistence despite using maximally tolerated beta blockers and/or calcium channel blockers. Potential drug-drug interactions should be assessed before initiating this drug. More studies are needed on the use of CMIs in patients with kidney and/or liver failure and pregnant/breastfeeding patients.
Monitor platelet count, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinalysis, urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin during treatment with TEGSEDI, and for 8 weeks following discontinuation of treatment.

Platelet Count

Do not initiate TEGSEDI in patients with a platelet count less than 100 x 109/L. Monitor platelet count during the entire course of treatment with Tegsedi and for 8 weeks following discontinuation of treatment. Recommendations for platelet monitoring frequency and TEGSEDI dosing are specified in Table 1. If a patient develops signs or symptoms of thrombocytopenia, obtain a platelet count as soon as possible, and hold dosing until platelet count is confirmed. Recheck the platelet count as soon as possible if a platelet measurement is uninterpretable (e.g., clumped sample) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8].

Renal Monitoring

TEGSEDI should generally not be initiated in patients with a urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR) of 1000 mg/g or higher. Monitor serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinalysis, and UPCR every 2 weeks during treatment with TEGSEDI. Hold TEGSEDI in patients who develop a UPCR of 1000 mg/g or higher, or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 45 mL/minute/1.73 m2, pending further evaluation of the cause.

If a dose is held, once eGFR increases to ≥45 mL/minute/1.73 m2, UPCR decreases to below 1000 mg/g, or the underlying cause of the decline in renal function is corrected, weekly dosing may be reinitiated. In the case of UPCR of 2000 mg/g or higher, perform further evaluation for acute glomerulonephritis, as clinically indicated. If acute glomerulonephritis is confirmed, TEGSEDI should be permanently discontinued.

Liver Tests

Monitor alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin monthly during treatment with TEGSEDI; monitor monthly for patients who have received a liver transplant [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. TEGSEDI should be discontinued in patients suspected of developing liver injury induced by TEGSEDI [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].
To date, the optimal dose of PS is inconsistent, although the recommended dose of PS is given in the 2019 update guideline. PS is not recommended to adult and pediatric ARDS. Systematic review indicates that PS does not reduce the incidences of BPD and death in infants with meconium aspiration syndrome(MAS, a subtype of NARDS). A reasonable speculation is that preterm infants with NARDS do not benefit from PS. And the speculation can explain why not all preterm infants with RDS can be beneficial from PS. In the era of pre-NARDS, the preterm infants fulfilling the definition of NARDS may have been considered as RDS in the first three days after birth.

Meantime, the dose of PS given to infants with NARDS remains unknown. the aim of the present study is to assess the optimal dose of PS. the control group: PS is given according to the European RDS management guideline in 2019 edition. The study group: PS is stopped when the pressure is equal between before patent ductus arteriosus(bPDA) and after PDA(aPDA). the primary outcomes are the closure rate of PDA within 7 days, the incidence of BPD and/or death.
Theophylline is structurally classified as a methylxanthine. It occurs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Anhydrous theophylline has the chemical name 1H-Purine- 2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-, and is represented by the following structural formula:

The molecular formula of anhydrous theophylline is C7H8N4O2 with a molecular weight of 180.17. 

ELIXOPHYLLIN Elixir (Theophylline Oral Solution, USP) is available as a liquid intended for oral administration, containing 80 mg of theophylline anhydrous and 20% alcohol in each 15 mL (tablespoonful).

ELIXOPHYLLIN Elixir (Theophylline Oral Solution, USP) also contains the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous citric acid, glycerin, saccharin sodium, artificial tutti fruiti flavor #051880A, FD&C red #40 and purified water. ELIXOPHYLLIN Elixir (Theophylline Oral Solution, USP) has a pH of 3.0-4.0.
A nasal irrigation solution comprising is disclosed comprising water and hydrastine extracted from one or more plants. Another solution comprises water and berberine extracted from one or more plants. These solutions are provided from an extract of goldenseal plant. Solutions are also disclosed having canadine, canadaline, and hydrastidine, all extracted from the goldenseal plant. More general solutions are disclosed including alkaloids extracted from one or more plants. The alkaloids are selected from one or more of the group consisting of: berberine, oxyberberine, berbamine, palmatine, magnoflorine, phellodendrine, jateorrhizine, candicine, menisperine, coptisine, worenine, columbamine, epiberberine, hydrastine, canadine, canadaline, hydrastidine, oxycyanthine, berberrubine, and isotetrandine. Alkaloids are provided from plant from the group consisting of: Oregon grape root, yellow root, phellodendron bark, coptis rhizome, barberry root, and Indian barberry root bark. Other constituents may include extract of grapefruit seed, vegetable glycerine, salt, and water soluble zinc. A method for using these solutions is disclosed which includes flowing the solution through desired portions of nasal cavities.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled promoter free from side effects easily and inexpensively, by drying seeds of green peppers, powdering the dried seeds of green peppers. CONSTITUTION:Seeds of green peppers are dried, and the dried seeds of green peppers are powdered by a proper means, to give a secretion promoter of insulin. It stimulates human pancreatic functions, promotes secretion of insulin, has especially no side effects by habitual use of patients of diabetes, and it is handy to carry. The seeds of green peppers almost requires no cost of material, and the drying is sufficient by natural drying of exposing them to sunlight. The powdering operation requires neither special machine nor device, and can be carried out sufficiently by hand method. The main component of the promoter is sulfonylurea.
Inflammasomes comprise a group of protein complexes with fundamental roles in the induction of inflammation. Upon sensing stress factors, their assembly induces the activation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and -18 and a lytic type of cell death, termed pyroptosis. Recently, CARD8 has joined the group of inflammasome sensors. The carboxy-terminal part of CARD8, consisting of a function-to-find-domain (FIIND) and a caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD), resembles that of NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), which is recognized as the main inflammasome sensor in human keratinocytes. The interaction with dipeptidyl peptidases 8 and 9 (DPP8/9) represents an activation checkpoint for both sensors. CARD8 and NLRP1 are activated by viral protease activity targeting their amino-terminal region. However, CARD8 also has some unique features compared to the established inflammasome sensors. Activation of CARD8 occurs independently of the inflammasome adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), leading mainly to pyroptosis rather than the activation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CARD8 was also shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity. It interacts with, and inhibits, several proteins involved in inflammation and cell death, such as the inflammasome sensor NLRP3, CARD-containing proteins caspase-1 and -9, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2), or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CARD8, some of them occurring at high frequencies, are associated with various inflammatory diseases. The molecular mechanisms underlying the different pro- and anti-inflammatory activities of CARD8 are incompletely understood. Alternative splicing leads to the generation of multiple CARD8 protein isoforms. Although the functional properties of these isoforms are poorly characterized, there is evidence that suggests isoform-specific roles. The characterization of the functions of these isoforms, together with their cell- and disease-specific expression, might be the key to a better understanding of CARD8's different roles in inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
Process for the manufacture and properties of a chemical molecule proposed as an antidiabetic medicament: 1, 2, N-trimethyl-5-pyrrolinecarboxamide. The proposed molecule is hyperinsulinaemic, as a result of its molecule derived from butanone, through an increase in the quantity of insulin from proinsulin of the pancreas. The proposed molecule brings about the release of insulin by proinsulin (by O,S bonding); a rapid renewal of insulin manufacture; a protection of insulin against catabolism. The proposed molecule acts as an enzyme in the reaction of release of insulin (by O,S bonding); it recovers its initial state. Therapeutic administration appears to be very safe: known radicals which are tolerated, on a physiological molecule. Antidiabetic therapeutic use is especially recommended: the value appears to be very great, in effect the molecule acts as an enzyme and hence dosages are minimal and doses can be taken less frequently. Protection is great, monitoring is easy and industrial manufacture is straightforward.
Background: Implementation of exclusive human milk (EHM) feeding defined as mother's own milk or donor human milk fortified with human milk-derived fortifiers can place an economic burden on institutions. Methods: Retrospective study of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants before and after the implementation of EHM feedings. Neonatal demographics and clinical outcomes including necrotizing enterocolitis, severe retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, late-onset sepsis, days on parenteral nutrition (PN), and length-of-stay were collected. The net cost to the institution was estimated using published data. Results: Sixty-four infants in the pre-EHM period and 57 infants in the post-EHM period were enrolled. Net product acquisition cost in 2020 and 2021 was $884,823. The EHM feeding guideline led to a reduction in the mean length of stay and mean days of PN use by 6.3 and 6.8 days per infant, respectively. This led to a cost saving of $1,813,444 ($31,815 per infant). No significant difference in incidence of short-term morbidities was observed. Combining the cost avoidance from clinical outcomes, the estimated financial impact over 2 years excluding insurance reimbursement was an estimated $ 913,840 ($16,032 per infant). Conclusion: Implementation of EHM-based feeding in VLBW infants is a cost-effective option for neonatal intensive care units that can result in reduced length of stay and days on PN without adversely impacting short-term morbidities.
INTRODUCTION: Immediate control of bleeding and anti-infection play important roles in wound management. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death may occur if persistent bleeding, hemodynamic instability, and hypoxemia are not addressed. The combination of clay and hydrogel provides a new outlet for wound hemostasis. In this review, the current research progress of hydrogel/clay composite hemostatic agents was reviewed.
AREAS COVERED: This paper summarizes the characteristics of several kinds of clay including kaolinite, montmorillonite, laponite, sepiolite, and palygorskite. The advantages and disadvantages of its application in hemostasis were also summarized. Future directions for the application of hydrogel/clay composite hemostatic agents are presented.
EXPERT OPINION: Clay can activate the endogenous hemostatic pathway by increasing blood cell concentration and promoting plasma absorption to accelerate the hemostasis. Clay is antimicrobial due to the slow release of metal ions and has a rich surface charge with a high affinity for proteins and cells to promote tissue repair. Hydrogels have some properties such as good biocompatibility, strong adhesion, high stretchability, and good self-healing. Despite promising advances, hydrogel/clay composite hemostasis remains a limitation. Therefore, more evidence is needed to further elucidate the risk factors and therapeutic effects of hydrogel/clay in hemostasis and wound healing.
Volunteers with radiating neck or back pain who attended 7 visits over 4 weeks and received 6 30 minute acupuncture treatment sessions during visits 2-7. This group received true acupuncture treatment (the needles punctured the skin).
The efficacy of duloxetine as a treatment for depression was established in 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose studies in adult outpatients (18 to 83 years) meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression. In 2 studies, patients were randomized to duloxetine 60 mg once daily (N=123 and N=128, respectively) or placebo (N=122 and N=139, respectively) for 9 weeks; in the third study, patients were randomized to duloxetine 20 or 40 mg twice daily (N=86 and N=91, respectively) or placebo (N=89) for 8 weeks; in the fourth study, patients were randomized to duloxetine 40 or 60 mg twice daily (N=95 and N=93, respectively) or placebo (N=93) for 8 weeks. There is no evidence that doses greater than 60 mg/day confer additional benefits.

In all 4 studies, duloxetine demonstrated superiority over placebo as measured by improvement in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) total score.

In all of these clinical studies, analyses of the relationship between treatment outcome and age, gender, and race did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of these patient characteristics.

In another study, 533 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD received duloxetine 60 mg once daily during an initial 12-week open-label treatment phase. Two hundred and seventy-eight patients who responded to open label treatment (defined as meeting the following criteria at weeks 10 and 12: a HAMD-17 total score ≤9, Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) ≤2, and not meeting the DSM-IV criteria for MDD) were randomly assigned to continuation of duloxetine at the same dose (N=136) or to placebo (N=142) for 6 months. Patients on duloxetine experienced a statistically significantly longer time to relapse of depression than did patients on placebo. Relapse was defined as an increase in the CGI-S score of ≥2 points compared with that obtained at week 12, as well as meeting the DSM-IV criteria for MDD at 2 consecutive visits at least 2 weeks apart, where the 2-week temporal criterion had to be satisfied at only the second visit. The effectiveness of duloxetine in hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder has not been studied.
PURPOSE:To prepare the titled antibiotic substance having antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, by culturing a specific microbial strain belonging to Dactylosporangium genus and capable of producing the antibiotic substance, and separating from the cultured product. CONSTITUTION:Microbial strain belonging to Dactylosporagium genus and capable of producing the antibiotic substance SF-2107A2 is cultured, and the objective antibiotic substance SF-2107A2 is separated from the cultured product. Glucose, starch, molasses, soybean oil, etc. can be used as the nutrient source for the cultivation. The nitrogen source is, e.g. soybean flour, wheat embryo, meat extract, dried yeast, fish meal, ammonium sulfate, urea, etc. The submerged method is the most suitable cultivation method, and the temperature is preferably 25-32 deg.C. The concentration of SF-2107A2 substance reaches its peak in 3-10 days by either shake cultivation or tank cultivation.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition for lip is provided to ensure blood vessel enlargement and blood circulation promotion without skin irritation and to improve elasticity. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for lip contains 0.001-10 weight% of L-arginin and 0.001-5 weight% of wilfordi root. The composition is used for improving color and elasticity of lip. The cosmetic composition further contains oil and tackifier. The cosmetic composition also contains 0.1-20 weight% of wax and 5-60 weight% of ester oils or hydrocarbon oils. The cosmetic composition is used in the form of lip stick, lip gloss, or lip balm.