anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is abbreviated as COPD and includes both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD is currently the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Unlike most major medical diseases, the morbidity and mortality from COPD continue to rise in the US. In 2000, over 10 million Americans carried a physician diagnosis of COPD and 120,000 Americans died from this disease. Additionally, from the year 1980 to the year 2000, the number of cases of COPD among women nearly doubled and the prevalence among African Americans increased by 61%. Unlike the other leading causes of death, no medical therapies currently available improve the course of disease or affect survival in COPD. Current therapies for COPD that improve survival in COPD are limited to smoking cessation, oxygen therapy, and possibly surgery. Medical therapies such as inhalers and pills improve symptoms and reduce COPD exacerbations ("attacks"), but have not been shown to slow down the progression of the disease.

Recent investigations suggest that endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation is fundamental to COPD. Fish oil intake improves endothelial dysfunction and lowers levels of inflammatory intermediaries. These inflammatory intermediaries can be measured in the blood and are potentially important in the development of COPD. Large observational studies demonstrate that participants who eat high amounts of fish oil develop less COPD and have lower levels of these inflammatory intermediaries.

The Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Fish Oil (COD-Fish) Pilot Trial will enroll 40-45 participants with COPD. These participants will be randomized to receive Omax3\[TM\] or placebo (containing corn oil). Omax3\[TM\] (Cenestra Health) is a 1 gram softgel capsule containing 94.5% omega-3 fatty acids. Each participant will be taking 3 capsules of either Omax3\[TM\] or matching placebo. The investigators and the subjects will be blinded, meaning that neither the investigators nor the subjects will know if they are taking Omax3\[TM\] or placebo. All participants will perform a number of noninvasive tests at study entry as well as every two months for a total of six months. They will also undergo pulmonary function testing, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), six minute-walk tests (6MWT), blood drawing and answer questionnaire data. Thirty participants who agree to it will undergo a separate procedure to collect cells from inside a forearm vein for analysis to be compared to 30 controls. The main purpose of this trial is to examine the effect of Omax3\[TM\] on endothelial function as measured by change in FMD in patients with COPD. We hypothesize that in subjects with COPD, treatment with Omax3\[TM\] will increase FMD.
OBJECTIVE: Surgical site infection (SSI) after spinal surgery is still a persistent worldwide health concern as it is a worrying and devastating complication. The number of samples in previous studies is limited and the role of conservative antibiotic therapy has not been established. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of empirical antibiotic treatment for suspected early-onset deep spinal SSI.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study to identify all cases with suspected early-onset deep SSI after lumbar instrumented surgery between January 2009 and December 2018. We evaluated the potential risks for antibiotic treatment, examined the antibiotic treatment failure rate, and applied logistic regression analysis to assess the risk factors for empirical antibiotic treatment failure.
RESULTS: Over the past 10 years, 45 patients matched the inclusion criteria. The success rate of antibiotic treatment was 62.2% (28/45). Of the 17 patients who failed antibiotic treatment, 16 were cured after a debridement intervention and the remaining one required removal of the internal fixation before recovery. On univariate analysis, risk factors for antibiotic treatment failure included age, increasing or persisting back pain, wound dehiscence, localized swelling, and time to SSI (cut-off: 10 days). Multivariate analysis revealed that infection occurring 10 days after primary surgery and wound dehiscence were independent risk factors for antibiotic treatment failure.
CONCLUSION: Appropriate antibiotic treatment is an alternative strategy for suspected early-onset deep SSI after lumbar instrumented surgery. Antibiotic treatment for suspected SSI occurring within 10 days after primary surgery may improve the success rate of antibiotic intervention. Patients with wound dehiscence have a significantly higher likelihood of requiring surgical intervention.
National Guard Personnel will receive a single 15-25 minute session of lethal means counseling. The session will focus on increasing the safety of current storage practices for personal firearms (e.g., storing unloaded in a secure location separate from ammunition) as well as planning to voluntarily and temporarily store firearms away from the home during any future hypothetical suicidal crisis. This intervention utilizes a motivational interviewing framework in an effort to remain sensitive to the views and culture of firearm owners.
As the global incidence of diabetes rises and diagnoses among younger patients increase, transplant centers worldwide are encountering more organ donors with diabetes. This study examined 80 donors and 160 recipients, including 30 donors with diabetes (DD) and their 60 recipients (DDR). The control group comprised 50 non-diabetic donors (ND) and 100 recipients (NDR). We analyzed clinical, biochemical, and pathological data for both diabetic and control groups, using logistic regression to identify risk factors for delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation. Results showed that pre-procurement blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in DD [18.20 ± 10.63 vs. 10.86 ± 6.92, p = 0.002] compared to ND. Renal pathological damage in DD was notably more severe, likely contributing to the higher DGF incidence in DDR compared to NDR. Although DDR had poorer renal function during the first three months post-transplant, both groups showed similar renal function thereafter. No significant differences were observed in 1-year or 3-year mortality rates or graft failure rates between DDR and NDR. Notably, according to the Renal Pathology Society (RPS) grading system, kidneys from diabetic donors with a grade > IIb are associated with significantly lower postoperative survival rates. Recipient gender [OR: 5.452 (1.330-22.353), p = 0.013] and pre-transplant PRA positivity [OR: 34.879 (7.698-158.030), p < 0.001] were identified as independent predictors of DGF in DDR. In conclusion, transplant centers may consider utilizing kidneys from diabetic donors, provided they are evaluated pathologically, without adversely impacting recipient survival and graft failure rates.
The modified DMI program consists of 4 stages: lateralization, open motor imagery including action observation training, mirror therapy and upper extremity functional exercise. The program will be implemented for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Lateralization training will be applied in the first 2 weeks. Motor imagery training will be implemented in the 3rd and 4th weeks. For the second stage, the application will be combined with action observation training. As the 3rd stage, mirror therapy will be performed in the 5th and 6th weeks. The participant will be asked to perform some exercises while watching the reflection of the intact extremity in the mirror. In the final stage, they will be asked to physically perform upper extremity functional exercises. The total treatment time will be 40-50 minutes, with patients receiving 20-30 minutes of modified grade motor imagery and 20 minutes of conventional treatment.
TMC649128 panel 4 arm 2: 10 participants receive PegIFN a-2a/RBV in combination with TMC649128 administered q12h or q24h for 14 days. Actual dose and dose regimen (12h or 24h) is to be selected based on panels 1 2 and 3.
PURPOSE:To obtain a bathing agent composition which is excellent in the humectant effect on skin and inhibits skin dryness and roughness, moreover sustains moisture retention effect on skin after bathing. CONSTITUTION:This bathing agent composition comprises at least one of monoesters between cholesterol and a dicarboxylic acid of the formula (R<1> is a 2-20C straight or branched alkylene or alkenylene; R<2> is a residue after OH proton is removed from cholesterol), for example, cholesteryl hemimaleate or cholesteryl hemisuccinate in an amount of 0.01-50wt.%, particularly 0.1-10wt.%. When an antiinflammatory agent is incorporated into this composition, anti-itching effect becomes stronger than in the case of its single application after bathing. The antiinflammatory agent is preferably rice bran oil, german chamomile essence or dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, in the meaning of controlling skin itching. The amount of these antiinflammatory agents is particularly preferably 0.1-5wt.%. This composition may also contain other oil components than the monoester stated above and a dispersion emulsifier for these oil components.
A skin external composition containing a complex of herbal extract is provided to promote the differentiation of keratinocyte, recover the damaged skin barrier function and improve the skin moisturization. A skin external composition comprises a complex of herbal extract containing Punica granatum L., Prunus armeniaca, Coix lacryma-jobi, Saururus chinensis and Perilla frutescens var. acuta in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:6-8:6-8. The complex of herbal extract is contained in 0.0001~20 weight% based on total weight. The complex of herbal extract is extracted using purified water, methanol, ethanol, glycerin, ethylacetate, butyleneglycol, propylene glycol, dichloromethane or the hexane. The complex of herbal extract is obtained by heating or filtering, evaporating solvent, and spray-drying or freeze-drying. The composition is used in a form of skin softener, astringent, lotion, nutrition cream, massage cream, essence, eye cream, eye essence, cleansing cream, cleansing foam, cleansing water, pack, powder, body lotion, body cream, body oil, body essence, make-up base, foundation, shampoo, rinse or body cleanser. The composition is also used in a pharmaceutical form of ointment, gel, cream, patch, or spray.
Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant associated with various cognitive side effects. To mitigate these side effects while enhancing efficacy, it can be co-administered with other antidepressants. In our study, we adopted a similar strategy by combining ketamine with environmental enrichment, a potent sensory-motor paradigm, in adult male Wistar rats. We divided the animals into four groups based on a combination of housing conditions and ketamine versus vehicle injections. The groups included those housed in standard cages or an enriched environment for 50 days, which encompassed a 13-day-long behavioral testing period. Each group received either two doses of ketamine (20 mg/kg, IP) or saline as a vehicle. We tested the animals in the novel object recognition test (NORT), forced swim test (FST), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), and Morris water maze (MWM), which was followed by ex vivo c-Fos immunohistochemistry. We observed that combining environmental enrichment with ketamine led to a synergistic antidepressant effect. Environmental enrichment also ameliorated the spatial memory deficits caused by ketamine in the MWM. There was enhanced neuronal activity in the habenula of the enrichment only group following the probe trial of the MWM. In contrast, no differential activity was observed in enriched animals that received ketamine injections. The present study showed how environmental enrichment can enhance the antidepressant properties of ketamine while reducing some of its side effects, highlighting the potential of combining pharmacological and sensory-motor manipulations in the treatment of mood disorders.
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs), including VIIBRYD, can precipitate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. The risk is increased with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, meperidine, methadone, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John’s Wort) and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin, i.e., MAOIs [see Contraindications (4) and Drug Interactions (7)]. Serotonin syndrome can also occur when these drugs are used alone. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome were noted in 0.1% of MDD patients treated with VIIBRYD in premarketing clinical trials.

Serotonin syndrome signs and symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). 

The concomitant use of VIIBRYD with MAOIs is contraindicated. In addition, do not initiate VIIBRYD in a patient being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. No reports involved the administration of methylene blue by other routes (such as oral tablets or local tissue injection). If it is necessary to initiate treatment with an MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue in a patient taking VIIBRYD, discontinue VIIBRYD before initiating treatment with the MAOI [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1)].

Monitor all patients taking VIIBRYD for the emergence of serotonin syndrome. Discontinue treatment with VIIBRYD and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if the above symptoms occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of VIIBRYD with other serotonergic drugs is clinically warranted, inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome and monitor for symptoms.
BACKGROUND: Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) are at increased risk of incident cardiovascular events. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) have shown a protective effect against incident cardiovacular events. However, the incidence of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with r-axSpA with a history of cardiovascular events, and the effect of TNFi on recurrent cardiovascular events remain unclear. We aimed to assess the incidence rate of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with r-axSpA with a history of cardiovascular events and evaluate the effect of TNFi on the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
METHODS: This nationwide cohort study used data from the Korean National Claims Database. Data of patients with r-axSpA who had a history of cardiovascular events after being diagnosed with r-axSpA were extracted from the database. The outcome of interest was the recurrence of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction or stroke). Patients were followed from the index date (date of the first cardiovascular event) to the date of cardiovascular event recurrence, the last date with claims data, or December 31, 2021, whichever occured first. The incidence rate of recurrent cardiovascular events was calculated. An inverse probability weighted Cox model was used to assess the effect of TNFi exposure on the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
RESULTS: This study included 413 patients (TNFi non-exposure, n = 338; TNFi exposure, n = 75). The incidence rate of recurrent cardiovascular events was 32 (95% confidence interval [CI] 22-42) per 1,000 person-years (TNFi non-exposure, 36 [95% CI 24-48] per 1,000 person-years; TNFi exposure, 19 [95% CI 2-35] per 1,000 person-years). In the inverse probability weighted Cox model, TNFi exposure was significantly associated with a lower risk of recurrent cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.94).
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with r-axSpA is substantial. TNFi exposure was associated with a lower risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
Comparison Group participants will complete a baseline survey, receive a DSMT referral request from research team to their primary care provider and a mailed welcome letter. The mailed letter will welcome the participant to the study and contain general information about diabetes self-care behaviors and goal setting. They will complete a DSMT session. They will then complete a 3-month follow-up survey and qualitative interview.
A cefem compound of the formula (I) shows wide antibacterial spectrum against various pathogenic bacteria including MRSA. wherein, X is N or CY and Y is H or halogen; R1 is amino or protected amino; R2 is hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl etc.; R3 is hydrogen etc.; R4 is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, or optionally substituted N-containing heterocyclic group etc.; R5 is hydrogen etc.; and a wavy line means syn- or anti-isomerism or a mixture thereof.
Subjects will be assigned a CHW for intervention sessions along with receiving primary care from Highland Family Medicine. CHWs will use the SDT-based, trauma-specific motivational approach in the intervention to engage women during 6 sessions. The duration of the intervention is 3 months. Each session will last 1 hour and will take place in a community location. CHW's will also help facilitate primary care by linking subjects to primary care and will use electronic records to update and receive input from medical providers, and support treatment recommendations from Trillium Health. CHWs will empower women to convey their needs to providers for HIV risk reduction, SUD, co-morbidity (MH, IPV) treatment and will support autonomy and competence for treatment in the intervention sessions.
Substance addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by a recurring desire to continue using a substance despite harmful consequences. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein that plays a role in the activity-dependent remodeling of neural function in adult nervous systems. This study analyzed the association of the rs6265 polymorphism of the BDNF gene in a group of patients addicted to psychoactive substances who were participating in addiction treatment for the first time, in a group of post-relapse psychoactive substance abusers and in a control group. The study also assessed personality and anxiety in all study groups. Statistically significant differences in the frequency of genotypes and alleles were found between all study groups. Compared to the control, both study groups had statistically significantly higher scores for trait and state anxiety. Addicted patients in both groups also had higher scores on the Neuroticism and Openness scales and lower scores on the Extraversion and Agreeableness scales. The results of this study provide further evidence that personality traits, anxiety and the rs6265 polymorphism of the BDNF gene may be risk factors for susceptibility to addiction to psychoactive substances. In addition, they can be a predictor of addiction relapse, but further extensive studies are required to confirm these findings.
Hypertension or high blood pressure is a prevalent and leading risk factor for heart disease and stroke afflicting seven million people in Canada and costing our health system approximately $20 billion annually. The prevailing exercise recommendation for people with hypertension is to perform aerobic training (i.e. brisk walking) as a non-pharmacological way to moderately reduce blood pressure. Evidence from several recent studies indicates flexibility training may accrue more positive changes in blood pressure than aerobic training. Additional recent studies show stretching can reduce arterial stiffness and sympathetic nervous system activation, suggesting physiological mechanisms by which blood pressure might be reduced through exercises designed mostly to improve flexibility. The purpose of this study is to determine if a 6-month flexibility program is superior to aerobic training for reducing 24-hour blood pressure measurements, improving measures of vascular function (i.e. arterial stiffness), and improving the ratio of parasympathetic to sympathetic nervous system activation. This study involves a randomized controlled trial of 96 men and women presenting with either high-normal blood pressure (systolic 130 to 139 mmHg or diastolic 85 to 89 mmHg) or stage 1 hypertension (systolic 140 to 159 mmHg or diastolic 90 to 99 mmHg) stratified by blood pressure (i.e. either high normal or stage 1 hypertension), sex, and age (≥55y or \<55y) and randomized to one of two groups for six months duration: 1) a flexibility program (30 minutes of stretching per day); or 2) an aerobic training program (30 minutes of brisk walking per day). Assessments pre- and post-intervention and three months later include: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and heart rate variability. .
GB241 plus CHOP, six cycles. GB241: 375 mg/m2, IV, day 1 of each cycle; Cyclophosphamide: 750 mg/m2, IV, day 2 of each cycle; Doxorubicin: 50 mg/m2, IV, day 2 of each cycle; Vincristine: 1.4 mg/m2, up to a maximal dose of 2 mg, IV, day 2 of each cycle; Prednisone: 100 mg, po, day 2 to day 6 of each cycle.
In the standard low flow therapy is applied continuously through a nonrebreather face mask at a flow rate of 10 liters per minute or more. The rate was adjusted to maintain an oxygen saturation level of 92% or more.
In 1996, the Internation Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection(IRAD) was established to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute aortic dissection. However, most patients from the IRAD are Caucasian. These data were not sufficient to reflect clinical profiles and outcomes of Chinese patients with acute aortic dissection. In China, little is known about clinical features, managements and outcomes of acute aortic dissection involving a large number of patients. The investigators established clinical multicenter registry of acute aortic dissection. Between January 2009 and February 2012, about 2000 were enrolled in the Chinese registry of acute aortic dissection(CRAD) database. The aim of this study is to analyze clinical profiles and outcomes of Chinese patients with acute aortic dissection.
OBJECTIVE: In the era of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), many studies have been devoted to understanding the role of interictal high-frequency oscillations. High-frequency activity (HFA) at seizure onset has been identified as a marker of epileptogenic zone. We address the physiological significance of ictal HFAs and their relation to clinical semiology.
METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients with pure focal primary motor epilepsy. We selected only patients in whom SEEG electrodes were optimally placed in the motor cortex as confirmed by electrical stimulation. Based on these narrow inclusion criteria, we extensively studied 5 patients (3 males and 2 females, mean age = 22.4 years) using time-frequency analysis and time correlation with motor signs onset.
RESULTS: A total of 157 analyzable seizures were recorded in 5 subjects. The first 2 subjects had tonic or clonic semiology with rare secondary generalization. Subject 3 had atonic onset followed by clonic hand/arm flexion. Subject 4 had clusters of tonic and atonic facial movements. Subject 5 had upper extremity tonic movements. The median frequency of the fast activity extracted from the Epileptogenic Zone Fingerprint pipeline in the first 4 subjects was 76 Hz (interquartile range = 21.9Hz). Positive motor signs did not occur concomitantly with high gamma activity developing in the motor cortex. Motor signs began at the end of HFAs.
INTERPRETATION: This study supports the hypothesis of an inhibitory effect of ictal HFAs. The frequency range in the gamma band was associated with the direction of the clinical output effect. Changes from inhibitory to excitatory effect occurred when discharge frequency dropped to low gamma or beta. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1127-1137.