anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the effect of circadian PA trajectories remains ambiguous. This study aimed to explore ideal circadian PA patterns to reduce mortality and CVD, and potential mediators.
METHODS: 502,400 participants from UK Biobank were recruited between 2006 and 2010. Among them, 102,323 participants got valid continuously capturing acceleration data over 7 days by wrist-worn accelerometer. K-means cluster analysis was used to identify PA trajectories. The associations of PA with all-cause, cause-specific mortality and CVD were assessed by cox regression. A sensitivity test was also conducted, starting from the time of acceleration collection and excluding participants with corresponding disease prior to it. Furthermore, the mediation of aging and inflammation were explored.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 12.9 years, 3482 deaths were recorded (704 were due to CVD). Five distinct PA trajectories were identified: Persistently Low, Moderate and Stable, Single Increase, Double Increase, and Vigorous patterns. Ideal PA trajectory patterns offered progressively protective benefits against all-cause, CVD caused mortality and CVD, especially in Double Increase and Vigorous patterns. Other cause-specific mortality and renal failure incidence showed similar trend. The sensitivity result was consistent. The mediating effects of phenotypic age and inflammation markers were statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: Ideal PA trajectories offered protective benefits against all-cause, cause-specific mortality and CVD. The protection was associated with both intensity and circadian distribution. Double Increase and Vigorous activity patterns decreased these risks more significantly. Crucially, this protection was mediated by aging deceleration and inflammation regulation.
A clinical trial was conducted to assess the impact dynamic surface exercise training on gross motor and trunk control of children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. The trial enrolled 38 children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy of GMFCS levels 3 and 4. Children were randomly assigned to either the DSET or conventional physiotherapy training groups. Both groups underwent 60-minute vigorous exercise program four days a week for two months. The trunk control measurement scale was used to assess trunk control, while the GMFM-88 was used to assess gross motor function. Trunk control and gross motor function scores were obtained at the beginning, the fourth week, and the eighth week.
Single dose Phase (4 weeks): patients will be treated with Nebivolol 5 mg. Combination Phase (12 weeks): uncontrolled patients will be treated with the extemporaneous combination of Nebivolol 5 mg and Ramipril 2.5 mg for 4 weeks. Ramipril 2.5 mg will switched to Ramipril 5 mg in uncontrolled patients for further 4 weeks while controlled patients will continue with Nebivolol 5 mg/Ramipril 2.5 mg therapy. After 8 weeks Ramipril 5 mg will be switched to Ramipril 10 mg in the uncontrolled patients as well as Ramipril 2.5 mg will be switched to Ramipril 5 mg. Controlled patients will continue same therapy.
A method and a composition are utilized to affect mitochondrial functions on a seizure-genic brain region. In one aspect, the disclosure comprises methods of treating seizures. Seizures are a transient symptom of abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Seizures may manifest as a wild thrashing movement, a brief loss of awareness, an alteration in mental state, tonic or clonic movements, convulsions, a full body slump, and various other psychic symptoms such as déjà vu or jamais vu. Recurrent, unprovoked seizures are medically known as epilepsy. In one implementation, the method of treating a seizure includes administering a composition that restores mitochondrial function to a seizure-genic brain region. In some embodiments, the composition can include ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and pyruvate.
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and severe cardiovascular emergency that requires immediate treatment. Angina pectoris, which typically signals myocardial ischaemia, can appear in MI cases with myriad causes aside from coronary artery disease. However, not all MI patients benefit from invasive revascularisation therapy. We herein report a case involving a 78-year-old female patient with a complex medical history, including non-ST-segment elevation MI and coronary artery bypass grafting, who experienced recurrent chest pain. Instead of a direct result of coronary artery disease, her chest pain was later found to be primarily induced by atrial fibrillation (AF). Consequently, we shifted the focus of management to effective rate control for the AF after careful evaluation and achieved a satisfactory result. This case highlights the successful identification and timely application of intensive heart rate control management in an MI case induced by AF.
The endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) is a carbohydrate-rich layer on the vascular endothelium, and its damage can lead to endothelial and organ dysfunction. Heparanase (HPSE) degrades the eGC in response to cellular stress, but its role in organ dysfunction remains unclear. This study investigates HPSE's role in lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. A left lung hilar occlusion model was used in B6 wildtype (WT) and HPSE genetic knockout (-/-) mice to induce I/R injury in vivo. The left lungs were ischemic for 1 h followed by reperfusion for 4 h prior to investigations of lung function and eGC status. Data were compared between uninjured lungs and I/R-injured lungs in WT and HPSE-/- mice. WT lungs showed significant functional impairment after I/R injury, whereas HPSE-/- lungs did not. Inhibition or knockout of HPSE prevented eGC damage, inflammation, and cellular migration after I/R injury by reducing matrix metalloproteinase activities. HPSE-/- mice exhibited compensatory regulation of related gene expressions. HPSE facilitates eGC degradation leading to inflammation and impaired lung function after I/R injury. HPSE may be a therapeutic target to attenuate graft damage in lung transplantation.
25-30% of patients with colorectal cancer develop colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Cornerstone for optimal survival is achieving radical surgical resections of all metastases . To assist the surgeon in achieving this, the use of intra-operative ICG for fluorescent tumour delineation has widely been adopted as standard of care. Multiple international trials have demonstrated that the use of ICG increases the rate of radical resections and result in the detection of additional malignant lesions invisible to the naked eye. However, the rate of false positives is still high and although it has increased the number of radical resections, even in a minimal invasive cohort the unintended R1 rate is still as much as 8%. Therefore, there is a need of an additional real-time intra-operative tool to detect R1 resections, especially in patients with a priori high risk for R1. To illustrate, in a large shared database of the Erasmus University Medical Center was found that patients that either received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, underwent a resection for \>3 CRLM or patients that had a locally recurrent liver metastasis were independently associated with high R1 rates, ranging between 23-29%. Therefore, here is proposed the addition of SGM-101, a tumour targeted (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA) NIR-fluorescence probe to ICG in patients scheduled for a resection with high risk of R1, ultimately to reduce the R1 ratio. This is the first trial testing the feasibility of working simultaneously with the two fluorescent dyes. If feasibility is met in this trial, this is a step-up towards a powered trial with primary objective to reduce the rate of R1 resections.

An additional exploratory objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of SGM-101's potential to isolate circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as biomarkers for CRC. The load of CTCs and EVs in the circulation is strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes. Studies have shown that they contain information about the molecular profile of the tumour. The administration of SGM-101 may enable the detection of CEA positive CTCs and EVs.
A method of extracting oestrogens, conjugated estrogens, equine gonadotropin and equine follicle stimulant from pregnant mares urine which includes the steps of contacting the urine with dispersed particles of adsorber materials of a particle size above 200 microns and subsequently removing the species by washing the adsorber materials in a buffered aqueous solution of pH between 7.5 and 9.5. The compounds are extracted in situ on the mare using an apparatus which consists of a urine holding vessel suspended beneath the belly of the mare and a urine collection device attached to the perineurn of the mare and communicating with the holding vessel in which the urine collection device and/or the holding vessel incorporates a removable urine permeable container of an adsorbent material for said chemical species. Alternatively the holding container can contain a water immiscible solvent such as hexanol for the in situ extraction of estrogens. An initial filter is incorporated into the urine collection device upstream of the adsorber container. The filter removes mucous and other viscous component of the urine. The system is also applicable to cattle.
A dysregulated inflammatory response contributes to the occurrence of disorders in cows during the transition period from pregnancy to lactation. However, a detailed characterization of clinically healthy cows that exhibit an enhanced inflammatory response during this critical period remains incomplete. In this experiment, a total of 99 individual transition dairy cows and 109 observations (18 cows monitored in 2 consecutive lactations), submitted to similar transition management were involved to evaluate the relationship between elevated an inflammatory response and metabolic and oxidative status, as well as transition outcomes. Blood was taken at -7, 3, 6, 9, and 21 DIM, and concentrations of metabolic parameters (glucose, β-hydroxybutyric acid, nonesterified fatty acids [NEFA], insulin, IGF-1, and fructosamine) were analyzed. Additionally, oxidative parameters (proportion of oxidized glutathione to total glutathione in red blood cells, the activity of glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and superoxide dismutase, concentrations of malondialdehyde, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) and acute phase proteins (APP) including haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and albumin-to-globulin ratio (A:G) were determined in the blood at 21 DIM. The 3 APP parameters were used to group clinically healthy cows into 2 categories through k-medoids clustering (i.e., a group showing an acute phase response, APR; n = 39) and a group not showing such a response (i.e., non-APR; n = 50). Diseased cases (n = 20) were handled in a separate group. Lower SAA and Hp concentrations as well as higher A:G were observed in the non-APR group, although for Hp, differences were observed from the APR group and not from the diseased group. Only 1 of the 5 oxidative parameters differed between the groups, with the non-APR group exhibiting lower GPx activity compared with the diseased group. The non-APR group showed the highest IGF-1 levels among the 3 groups and and lower NEFA concentrations compared with the diseased groups. Cows in the diseased group also showed reduced dry matter intake and milk yield compared with clinically healthy cows, regardless of their inflammatory status. Moreover, the APR group exhibited temporarily lower activity levels compared with the non-APR group. These findings highlight that cows with a lower inflammatory status after 21 DIM exhibited better metabolic health characteristics and productive performance, as well as activity levels. Nevertheless, the detrimental effects of a higher inflammatory status in the absence of clinical symptoms are still relatively limited.
Injuries to the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and fascias may lead to urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse (POP), sensory and emptying abnormalities of the lower urinary tract, defecatory dysfunction, sexual dysfunction and chronic pain syndromes (Bump \& Norton 1998, MacLennan et al 2009, Turner et al 2000). Prevalence rates of the most common pelvic floor disorders are generally high in the fertile female population

To date many randomized controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated significant effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in treatment of stress and mixed urinary incontinence, and it is recommended as first line treatment for stress and mixed UI in women (Level I, Grade A) (Abrams 2010). The effect of postpartum PFMT in prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence is investigated in only four RCTs (Sleep 1987, Meyer 2001, Chiarelli 2001, Ewings 2005) and one matched controlled trial (Mørkved 1997). The results are conflicting. The matched controlled trial by Mørkved (1997) shows the far most effective intervention so far, with 50% less prevalence of UI in the training group. Similar results were found for the same long term effect with 50% less prevalence of UI in the training group with the same long term effect (Mørkved 2000). The high effect size may be explained by the close follow-up and relative high training dosage. However, as this was not a RCT, the effect may be overestimated and the trial is often not included in systematic reviews (Hay-Smith 2008).

Only few research groups have measured PFM function and strength, and there are no studies evaluating possible effects of PFMT on PFM injuries and morphology following pregnancy and childbirth. DeLancey (1996) have suggested that the effect of PFMT would be much higher if we knew the causes of incontinence and were able to include only those with intact pelvic floor muscles. This may be true, but the statement also reflects a belief that muscle injury of the PFM cannot be treated with exercise. However, this is in contrast to common practice in treatment of other skeletal muscles e.g. after sport injuries, where all injuries are treated and it is believed that early mobilization and training is important in speeding up tissue healing (Järvinen 2007). Hence, there is a need to conduct a RCT with high methodological and interventional quality (Herbert 2005) to investigate the effect of postpartum PFMT.
In the ScvO2 group patients receive interventions in two options: if the ScvO2 fall below 75% or more than 3% or if the mean arterial pressure fall below 60 mm Hg. In the former case the mean arterial pressure in the latter the ScvO2 values determined if tha patient received fluid or vasopressor or both.
Patients with clinical Stage II or Stage III MRI-staged, MSI-H or dMMR, solid tumors will receive up to 6 months (9, 21-day cycles) of PD-1 blockade followed by radiological and surgical restaging of the tumor. If subject exhibits complete clinical response, non-operative management will be followed. If a complete clinical response is not reached after 6 months of PD-1 blockade, the participant will proceed with standard chemoradiation. After completing chemoradiation participant will be assessed for response if complete CR is not obtained then the participant will proceed with disease specific surgical resection or standard of care therapy.
The investigators will conduct a 3-site 3-arm pragmatic clinical trial (N = 750) to test effectiveness of 2 Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs), Mobile+Group LAMP and Mobile LAMP, compared to usual practice. Effectiveness will be assessed by pain functioning over the 12-month follow-up period using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) interference score. The investigators will test the following primary hypotheses: (1) Mobile LAMP will be more effective at improving chronic pain (as measured by change in the BPI interference score over the 12-month follow-up period) compared to usual practice, (2) Mobile+Group LAMP will be more effective at improving chronic pain (as measured by BPI interference score over the 12-month follow-up period) compared to usual practice, and (3) Mobile+Group LAMP will be more effective at improving chronic pain (as measured by BPI interference change over the 12-month follow-up period) compared to Mobile LAMP without the group component. The investigators will test the following secondary hypotheses: (1) Comparison of intervention group with secondary outcomes listed below, and (2) primary and secondary hypotheses comparisons will be confirmed in gender-specific strata. The primary outcome will be measured as change in BPI interference score over the 12-month follow-up period. Secondary outcomes will include patient-reported measures related to pain, comorbid mental health conditions and function, expected mediators of treatment effects, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects and measures captured in electronic health records. These outcomes will be assessed at 10 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. Implementation data will be collected and described, using the guided Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.
In the CI group, 40mg/1ml methylprednisolone was applied from the inferior-medial side of the heel to the most sensitive area of the calcaneus medial tubercle of the plantar fascia. The same physician performed a total of two sessions once a week.
The purpose of this study was to test a gender-focused comprehensive HIV testing and counselling (HTC) program, the Young Women's Health CoOp (YWHC) with a standard HTC program in 24 disadvantaged communities in Cape Town, South Africa. The researchers conducted community-level randomization across the 24 communities with balanced recruitment from predominantly Black African and predominantly Coloured communities. The aims of the study were: Aim 1. To train and evaluate adolescent peer role models to conduct community outreach with established outreach workers to recruit 500 out-of-school, substance-using female adolescents aged 16 to 19 for HIV testing and counseling (HTC) and to co-facilitate a gender-focused comprehensive HTC program. Aim 2. To test the efficacy of a young women's gender-focused comprehensive HTC program for reducing substance use, victimization, and sexual risk behavior (primary outcomes) and improving access to effective treatment and support services through linkages to care (substance abuse treatment, HIV, sexually transmitted infections \[STIs\], antenatal and reproductive health as secondary outcomes) relative to standard HTC for adolescent females. The Young Women's Health CoOp has been adapted from the South African Women's Health CoOp (WHC) and the North Carolina Young Women's CoOp (YWC) which was found acceptable in focus groups and maintained all the core elements of the evidence-based intervention. For this study, the intervention was co-facilitated by trained staff from the local communities. The intervention consisted of two 1.5-hour group workshops (sessions), each having several modules that are usually administered a week apart: Workshop 1: Developmental Issues and Alcohol and Other Drugs; Gender, Problem-Solving and Conflict Negotiation, Violence and Values and Becoming a Powerful Young Woman: and Workshop 2: STIs, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Condoms and Role-play. After each session, each participant developed a risk-reduction personalized action plan (PAP). To maintain PAP goals and reduce decay of intervention effects over time, the staff conducted case management to help participants attain these personal goals. Participants completed baseline, 6-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up assessments, which included a survey and biological testing for substance use, pregnancy and HIV.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the concurrent and predictive validity of different combinations of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in patients with colorectal cancer considering different indicators of reduced muscle mass (MM) and the effects of the disease.
METHODS: A secondary analysis with patients with colorectal cancer. The reduced MM was assessed by arm muscle area, arm muscle circumference, calf circumference, fat-free mass index, skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle. Cancer diagnosis or disease staging (TNM) was considered for the etiologic criterion referred to as the effect of the disease. The other phenotypic and etiologic criteria were also evaluated, and we analyzed 13 GLIM combinations. Concurrent validity between GLIM criteria and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment was evaluated. Logistic and Cox regression were used in the predictive validation.
RESULTS: For concurrent validity (n = 208), most GLIM combinations (n = 6; 54.5%) presented a moderate agreement with Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and none showed satisfactory sensitivity and specificity (>80%). Reduced MM evaluated by SMI and SMI were present in the GLIM combinations associated with postoperative complications (odds ratio, ≥2.0), independent of other phenotypic and etiologic criteria. The combinations with reduced MM considering any method and fixed phenotypic criteria and TNM were associated with mortality (hazard ratio, ≥2.0).
CONCLUSIONS: Satisfactory concurrent validity was not verified. The GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition was associated with postoperative complications and mortality.
Participants with Cystic Fibrosis 12 years of age or older with normal glucose tolerance or impaired glucose tolerance consuming a test beverage of a test soda. A week later these participants will have an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.
Ischemic heart failure continues to be a highly prevalent disease among westernized countries and there is great interest in understanding the mechanisms preventing or exacerbating disease progression. The literature suggests an important role for the activation of interleukin-13 or interleukin-4 signaling in improving ischemic heart failure outcomes after myocardial infarction in mice. Dupilumab, a neutralizing antibody that inhibits the shared IL13/IL4 receptor subunit IL4Rα, is widely used for conditions such as ectopic dermatitis in humans. If global depletion of IL4Rα influences ischemic heart failure, either in mice or in humans taking dupilumab, is unknown. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological effects of global IL4Rα genetic deletion in adult mice after surgically induced myocardial infarction (MI). We also determined heart failure risk in patients with ischemic heart disease and concomitant usage of dupilumab using the collaborative patient data network TriNetX. Global deletion of IL4Rα results in exacerbated cardiac dysfunction associated with reduced capillary size after myocardial infarction in mice. In agreement with our findings in mice, dupilumab treatment significantly increased the risk of heart failure development in patients with preexisting diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Our results indicate that systemic IL4Rα signaling is protective against heart failure development in adult mice and human patients specifically following an ischemic event. Thus, the compelling evidence presented hereby advocates for the development of a randomized clinical trial specifically investigating heart failure development after myocardial ischemia in patients taking dupilumab for another underlying condition.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A body of literature suggests a protective role for IL4Rα signaling postmyocardial infarction in mice. Here, our observational study demonstrates that humans taking the IL4Rα neutralizing antibody, dupilumab, have increased incidence of heart failure following an ischemic event. Similarly, global IL4Rα deletion in mice exacerbates heart failure postinfarct. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting an adverse association in humans of dupilumab use with heart failure following a cardiac ischemic event.