anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Recent studies hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation and subsequent higher 25(OH)D serum levels could protect against respiratory infections in children. This cross-sectional study, conducted from May 2022 to December 2023 in Timisoara, Romania, aimed to evaluate the potential influence of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of respiratory infections among preschool-age children. This study examined 215 children over 18 months who were split into a group of patients with recurrent respiratory infections (n = 141) and another group of patients with only one respiratory tract infection in the past 12 months (n = 74). Patients were evaluated based on their serum vitamin D levels 25(OH)D, demographic characteristics, and health outcomes. The study identified that preschool-age children with recurrent infections had significantly lower mean vitamin D concentrations (24.5 ng/mL) compared to the control group (29.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Additionally, a higher proportion of vitamin D deficiency was observed among children with recurrent infections in the past 12 months. Notably, vitamin D supplementation above 600 IU/week significantly reduced the likelihood of respiratory infections, evidenced by an odds ratio of 0.523 (p < 0.001), indicating that preschool-age children receiving a dose of vitamin D higher than 600 IU/week were about half as likely to experience respiratory infections compared to those who did not. Furthermore, no significant associations were found between sun exposure, daily sunscreen use, and the incidence of respiratory infections. Conclusively, this study underscores the potential role of vitamin D in helping the immune system against respiratory infections in preschool-age children. The observed protective effect of vitamin D supplementation suggests a potential public health strategy to mitigate the incidence of respiratory infections in preschool children on top of the already known benefits.
UNLABELLED: Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD) are a backbone therapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Despite their efficacy, most patients develop resistance, and the mechanisms are not fully defined. Here, we show that IMiD responses are directed by IMiD-dependent degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3 that bind to enhancers necessary to sustain the expression of MYC and other myeloma oncogenes. IMiD treatment universally depleted chromatin-bound IKZF1, but eviction of P300 and BRD4 coactivators only occurred in IMiD-sensitive cells. IKZF1-bound enhancers overlapped other transcription factor binding motifs, including ETV4. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing showed that ETV4 bound to the same enhancers as IKZF1, and ETV4 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation resulted in sensitization of IMiD-resistant MM. ETV4 expression is associated with IMiD resistance in cell lines, poor prognosis in patients, and is upregulated at relapse. These data indicate that ETV4 alleviates IKZF1 and IKZF3 dependency in MM by maintaining oncogenic enhancer activity and identify transcriptional plasticity as a previously unrecognized mechanism of IMiD resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE: We show that IKZF1-bound enhancers are critical for IMiD efficacy and that the factor ETV4 can bind the same enhancers and substitute for IKZF1 and mediate IMiD resistance by maintaining MYC and other oncogenes. These data implicate transcription factor redundancy as a previously unrecognized mode of IMiD resistance in MM. See related article by Welsh, Barwick, et al., p. 34. See related commentary by Yun and Cleveland, p. 5. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 4.
Background and Objectives: Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine administration has been suggested to prevent glucose metabolism abnormalities and fatty liver in genetically obese ob/ob mice; however, it is not clear whether the beneficial effects of BCG are also observed in the progression of glucose intolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Therefore, the effects of BCG vaccination on changes in glucose tolerance and insulin response were investigated in HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: We used the BCG Tokyo 172 strain to determine effects on abnormalities in glucose metabolism. For vaccination, five-week-old male mice were injected intraperitoneally with BCG and maintained on a HFD for three weeks. The mice were regularly subjected to intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests (IGTTs and ITTs). These tests were also performed in mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from BCG-vaccinated donor mice. Results: Significant effects of BCG vaccination on blood glucose levels in the IGTTs and ITTs were observed from week 12 of the experiment. BCG vaccination significantly improved changes in fasting glucose and insulin levels, insulin resistance indexes, and glucagon-to-insulin ratios in conjunction with the HFD at the end of the experiment. Significant inhibitory effects in the IGTTs and ITTs on glucose intolerance were also observed with transplantation with bone marrow cells derived from BCG-vaccinated donor mice. Conclusions: BCG vaccination significantly delayed glucose intolerance progression, suggesting a beneficial effect of BCG on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. It has also been suggested that the effects of BCG vaccination may be at least partially due to an immune memory (trained immunity) for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of the bone marrow.
AIM: Oral semaglutide, an innovative orally administered GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management was herein evaluated for its effectiveness in a multi-center retrospective real-world study.
METHODS: We included new-users of oral semaglutide from 18 specialist care centres and collected retrospective data on baseline clinical characteristics. Updated values of HbA1c and body weight were analyzed using the mixed model for repeated measures.
RESULTS: The study included 166 individuals with T2D, predominantly men (64.5%), with a mean age of 64.4 years and a mean diabetes duration of 10.1 years. In the majority of patients (68.3%) oral semaglutide was used as a second-line drug, mostly with metformin. At baseline, mean BMI was 28.9 kg/m2 and HbA1c was 7.5%. During the 18-month observation period, oral semaglutide demonstrated significant reductions in HbA1c, with a maximum change of - 0.9%, and 42.1% of patients achieved HbA1c values below 7.0%. Additionally, there was a substantial reduction in body weight, with an estimated change of - 3.4 kg at 18 months, and 30.3% of patients experienced a 5% or greater reduction in baseline body weight. Only 24.2% of patients reached the 14 mg dose. Subgroup analysis revealed that baseline HbA1c > 7%, persistence on drug, not being on a prior therapy with DPP-4 inhibitors, and loosing 5% or more the initial body weight were associated with greater HbA1c reductions.
CONCLUSION: This study supports oral semaglutide as an effective option for T2D treatment, offering improved glucose control and weight management in a real-world setting.
BACKGROUND: Pleural neoplasms are rare and can be subdivided into pleural metastasis and primary pleural neoplasms. Non-mesothelioma primary pleural neoplasms are a diverse group of extremely rare pathologies.
CASE PRESENTATION: In this case series, we describe the presentation and management of two rare primary pleural neoplasms. A first case describes a primary pleural yolk sac tumor treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, extended pleurectomy decortication, and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy. In a second case we describe the management of a primary pleural synovial sarcoma by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and extrapleural pneumonectomy. A complete resection was obtained in both cases and the post-operative course was uncomplicated. No signs of tumor recurrence were noted during follow-up in the first patient. In the second patient a local recurrence was diagnosed 6 months after surgery.
CONCLUSION: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by extensive thoracic surgery, including hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy, is a feasible treatment strategy for non-mesothelioma primary pleural neoplasms, but careful follow-up is required.
Cefoxitin for Injection, USP contains cefoxitin sodium a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral administration. It is derived from cephalosporin C, which is produced by Cephalosporium Acremonium. Its chemical name is sodium (6R, 7S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-8-oxo-7-[2-(2-thienyl)acetamido]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate carbamate (ester). The molecular formula is C16H16N3NaO7S2, and the structural formula is: 

Cefoxitin for Injection, USP is supplied as a dry powder in vials and contains approximately 53.8 mg (2.3 milliequivalents) of sodium per gram of cefoxitin activity. Solutions of Cefoxitin for Injection, USP range from colorless to light amber in color. The pH of freshly constituted solutions usually ranges from 4.2 to 7. 

Each pharmacy bulk package bottle contains sterile cefoxitin sodium, USP equivalent to 10 g of cefoxitin and is intended for intravenous infusion only. A pharmacy bulk package is a container of a sterile preparation for parenteral use that contains many single doses. The contents are intended for use in a pharmacy admixture service and are restricted to the preparation of admixtures for intravenous infusion. FURTHER DILUTION IS REQUIRED BEFORE USE. RECONSTITUTED BULK SOLUTION SHOULD NOT BE USED FOR DIRECT INFUSION. RECONSTITUTED STOCK SOLUTION MUST BE TRANSFERRED AND FURTHER DILUTED FOR I.V. INFUSION.
Antibacterial compositions suitable for reconstitution with water to form suspensions for intramuscular use comprise a particulate alpha-aminobenzylpenicillin trihydrate represented by the formula wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, nitro, di-C 1-6 - alkylamino, C 1-6 -alkanoylamino, C 1-6 -alkanoyloxy, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, sulphamyl, chloro, iodo, bromo, fluoro, trifluoromethyl, C 1-6 - alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylsulphonyl, carbo-C 1-6 -alkoxy, benzyl, phenethyl, cycloheptyl, cyclohexyl or cyclopentyl in which the particles are coated with a physiologically acceptable hydrophilic surface active agent and a phsysiologically acceptable lipophilic surface active agent. The composition may also contain a physiologically acceptable preservative which may also be coated with the surface active agents. The penicillin is preferably alpha-aminobenzylpenicillin trihydrate, the lipophilic surface active agent may be lecithin, sorbitan monopalmitate, and/or sorbitan trioleate and the hydrophilic surface active agent may be a poly oxyalkylene derivative of sorbitan monopalmitate or sorbitan trioleate. The composition may be prepared by mixing particulate alphaaminobenzylpenicillin trihydrate of formula I having a size less than 100 mesh (U.S. sieve series standard) with an organic solvent (e.g. chloroform, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, other or petroleum ether) solution of the surface active agents, evaporating the solvent to produce particulate trihydrate coated with a mixture of the surface active agents, and if necessary pulverizing the coated material so that not more than 1% by weight thereof is larger than 200 mesh. The compositions may also contain dodecyl gallate, ascorbic acid (or its Na salt), sodium acetate, NaCl, methylcellulose or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Sleeping disorder breathing is not only underdiagnosed in the general population, but more specifically in pregnant women. Some recent research has found an association between sleep disorder breathing and preeclampsia. Both conditions have shown to be associated with worse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, more research is needed to find the strength of these associations. By gathering more information, this provides investigators with an opportunity to see if there is a way to slow the progression of complications in preeclampsia through the management of sleep-disordered breathing. Preeclampsia continues to be one of the top reasons for maternal mortality in the U.S. and this percentage continues to grow each year. Through the study, investigators hope to bring awareness of the comorbidity and how its similar pathogenesis can potential exacerbate complications in pregnant women.
The invention relates to a compound preparation used for preventing and treating animal viral diseases. The compound preparation mainly comprises a polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid polymer and appropriate auxiliary materials. Polyinosinic-polytidylin acid has high-efficiency interferon induction and immune adjustment effects. A conventional polyinosinic-polytidylin acid preparation is widely used for preventing and treating human and animal viral diseases; and the preparation formulation is an injection, an eye drop and the like. The injection has the disadvantages of great stress, inconvenient use and the like. Therefore, in order to bring convenience to animal medication, the preparation is prepared into a rectal suppository which is suitable to be used for animals by special process treatment, and simultaneously provides a feasible way for industrial large-scale production and is suitable for popularization and application.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes epilepsy in up to 30% of civilian and 50% of military head injuries, exacerbating chronic neurological disability. There is currently no method for preventing epilepsy after TBI. We hypothesize that the new antiepileptic drug, topiramate (TPM), will (1) reduce acute seizures and prevent the development of epilepsy following TBI and (2) improve neurological recovery. We propose to perform a pilot clinical trial to develop the necessary infrastructure for larger scale randomized clinical trials to test TPM, and, possibly, other new antiepileptic drugs with neuroprotective properties, for their ability to prevent epilepsy after TBI. Subjects with TBI will be randomized within 24 hours to one of three groups: 1) TPM for one week, 2) TPM for three months, or 3) phenytoin for one week. Subjects will be followed for two years for the development of seizures and for neurological outcome. Serial EEGs and MRIs will be performed to explore potential mechanisms for the development of epilepsy after TBI. These new tools for the clinical study of epilepsy prevention, and neuroprotection in general, will be developed that can be applied to a wide variety of studies and which will facilitate future research in this critical area.
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most lethal form of tuberculosis. Clinical features, such as coma, can predict death, but they are insufficient for the accurate prognosis of other outcomes, especially when impacted by co-morbidities such as HIV infection. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characterises the extent and severity of disease and may enable more accurate prediction of complications and poor outcomes. We analysed clinical and brain MRI data from a prospective longitudinal study of 216 adults with TBM; 73 (34%) were HIV-positive, a factor highly correlated with mortality. We implemented an end-to-end framework to model clinical and imaging features to predict disease progression. Our model used state-of-the-art machine learning models for automatic imaging feature encoding, and time-series models for forecasting, to predict TBM progression. The proposed approach is designed to be robust to missing data via a novel tailored model optimisation framework. Our model achieved a 60% balanced accuracy in predicting the prognosis of TBM patients over the six different classes. HIV status did not alter the performance of the models. Furthermore, our approach identified brain morphological lesions caused by TBM in both HIV and non-HIV-infected, associating lesions to the disease staging with an overall accuracy of 96%. These results suggest that the lesions caused by TBM are analogous in both populations, regardless of the severity of the disease. Lastly, our models correctly identified changes in disease symptomatology and severity in 80% of the cases. Our approach is the first attempt at predicting the prognosis of TBM by combining imaging and clinical data, via a machine learning model. The approach has the potential to accurately predict disease progression and enable timely clinical intervention.
The first group consists of 85 dysphagia patients who have at least six months of dysphagia complaints. The participants will given the Turkish version of Sydney Swallow questionnaire (SSQ-T), consisted of 17 questions, eating assessment tool-10 and two scales evaluated with FEES. After the two weeks, 30 participants will given the SSQ-T for sampling.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy with a high relapse rate and progressive drug resistance. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) contributes to post-transcriptional dysregulation, but little is known about the association between APA and AML. The APA quantitative trait locus (apaQTL) is a powerful method to investigate the relationship between APA and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We quantified APA usage in 195 Chinese AML patients and identified 4922 cis-apaQTLs related to 1875 genes, most of which were newly reported. Cis-apaQTLs may modulate the APA selection of 115 genes through poly(A) signals. Colocalization analysis revealed that cis-apaQTLs colocalized with cis-eQTLs may regulate gene expression by affecting miRNA binding sites or RNA secondary structures. We discovered 207 cis-apaQTLs related to AML risk by comparing genotype frequency with the East Asian healthy controls from the 1000 Genomes Project. Genes with cis-apaQTLs were associated with hematological phenotypes and tumor incidence according to the PHARMGKB and MGI databases. Collectively, we profiled an atlas of cis-apaQTLs in Asian AML patients and found their association with APA selection, gene expression, AML risk, and complex traits. Cis-apaQTLs may provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms related to APA in AML occurrence, progression, and prognosis.
Participants on complete bed rest group kept antepartum confinement to bed with toileting restricted to bedpan use. Participants in this group received prophylactic subcutaneous enoxaparin (40mg/day).
Background: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is a devastating neurological disorder with high mortality and disability rates. Secondary injury following HICH may worsen motor function rehabilitation in subacute and chronic hematoma. Hematoma evacuation has the potential to reduce mass effect and mitigate the neurotoxic effects. A per-protocol analysis identified a significant functional improvement in patients with minimally invasive surgery with thrombolysis achieving end of treatment (EOT) goal ≤ 15mL. However, no surgical management of stabilized subacute or chronic HICH have been reported before. Therefore, we design this study in which we hypothesize this robotic assisted approach to hematoma EOT goal ≤ 15mL would accelerate functional rehabilitation in subacute and chronic HICH patients.
Cohort A2 will contain participants ≥12 to \<16 years of age. Participants will receive a single oral dose of omaveloxolone, capsule, at a dosage level determined by a Bayesian popPK analysis using the data from Cohort A1 to select the dose in part 1 followed by the same dose in part 2 up to week 240 or commercial availability whichever comes first. The dose in part 2 may be adjusted as per additional safety and Bayesian popPK analyses.
This study is an open-label, single-arm, phase I/II clinical study. Phase I is a multi-center, dose-escalation study. Following the "3+3" principle, it plans to recruit 9-18 patients with clinically diagnosed relapsed or refractory AML who will be treated with venetoclax and mitoxantrone liposome, in order to explore the MTD of mitoxantrone liposome, and determine the RP2D. Mitoxantrone liposome began to explore the dose from 24 mg/m\^2, and every 4 weeks (28 days) was a cycle. Three dose groups of 24, 30 and 36 mg/m\^2 were preseted; The trial phase includes screening period (within 28 days), treatment period (planned 2 cycles), follow-up period (RFS and OS follow-up, planned 1 year).

Phase II is a multi-center, exploratory study, aiming to explore efficacy of venetoclax combined with mitoxantrone liposome in the treatment of relapsed or refractory AML patients, and to explore the differences in the efficacy of this combination therapy with different gene mutations. After Phase I reaches MTD and the dose of Phase II is determined, Phase II clinical trials will be carried out. The phase II trial phase includes screening period (within 28 days) , treatment period (planned 6 cycles ) and a follow-up period (RFS and OS follow-up, planned for 1 year).
The invention discloses enterococcus faecium YQH2 and a probiotic preparation, wherein the probiotic preparation comprises enterococcus faecium YQH 2. The invention also discloses application of the enterococcus faecium YQH2 or the probiotic preparation in poultry animal breeding. The invention also discloses application of the enterococcus faecium YQH2 or the probiotic preparation in preparation of repairing intestinal injury or enhancing intestinal immunity. The invention also discloses application of the enterococcus faecium YQH2 or the probiotic preparation in preparation of a medicine for inhibiting Salmonella typhimurium infection. The enterococcus faecium YQH2 can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Enterococcus faecium YQH2 can improve the depth of crypt and increase of inflammatory factor level caused by salmonella infection, stimulate proliferation of epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa, and maintain the potential of intestinal mucosa barrier.
BACKGROUND: A wide range of household secondary infection rates has been reported, and the role of children in population transmission dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 remains ill-defined. We sought to better understand household infection early in the pandemic.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study of 17 households in the Atlanta metropolitan area with at least one child and one case of COVID-19 in the prior 1-4 months were recruited between December 2020 and April 2021. Self-collected saliva samples were tested on a multiplexed platform to detect IgG antibodies that bind to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Secondary infection rates (SIR) were calculated and compared.
RESULTS: We report results on 17 families, including 66 individuals. We found an average SIR of 0.58; children and adults were similarly infected (62% children vs. 75% adults) (p = 0.2). Two out of 17 households had a pediatric index per our definition. Number of pediatric infections per household (p = 0.18), isolation (p = 0.34), and mask wearing (p = 0.80) did not differ significantly among households with an SIR above the mean vs. those with SIR below the mean. Households with higher SIR also had a higher number of symptomatic cases (p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION: We demonstrated high household SIRs at the early stages of the pandemic in late 2020 to early 2021 with similar impact on children and adults. The ease of collecting saliva and the detection of asymptomatic infections highlight the advantages of this strategy and potential for scale-up.