anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Current treatment strategies for infection of chronic wounds often result in compromised healing and necrosis due to antibiotic toxicity, and underlying biomarkers affected by treatments are not fully known. Here, a multifunctional dressing was developed leveraging the unique wound-healing properties of chitosan, a natural polysaccharide known for its numerous benefits in wound care. The dressing consists of an oxygenating perfluorocarbon functionalized methacrylic chitosan (MACF) hydrogel incorporated with antibacterial polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). A non-healing diabetic infected wound model with emerging metabolomics tools was used to explore the anti-infective and wound healing properties of the resultant multifunctional dressing. Direct bacterial bioburden assessment demonstrated superior antibacterial properties of hydrogels over a commercial dressing. However, wound tissue quality analyses confirmed that sustained PHMB for 21 days resulted in tissue necrosis and disturbed healing. Therefore, a follow-up comparative study investigated the best treatment course for antiseptic application ranging from 7 to 21 days, followed by the oxygenating chitosan-based MACF treatment for the remainder of the 21 days. Bacterial counts, tissue assessments, and lipidomics studies showed that 14 days of application of MACF-PHMB dressings followed by 7 days of MACF dressings provides a promising treatment for managing infected non-healing diabetic skin ulcers.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, cholestasis belongs to category of jaundice. Artemisia capillaris Thunb. has been widely used for the treatment of jaundice in TCM. The polysaccharides are the one of main active components of the herb, but its effects on cholestasis remain unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. polysaccharide (APS) on cholestasis and liver injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The amelioration of APS on cholestasis was evaluated in an alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced mice model. Then nuclear Nrf2 knockout mice, mass spectrometry, 16s rDNA sequencing, metabolomics, and molecular biotechnology methods were used to elucidate the associated mechanisms of APS against cholestatic liver injury.
RESULTS: Treatment with low and high doses of APS markedly decreased cholestatic liver injury of mice. Mechanistically, APS promoted nuclear translocation of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), upregulated downstream bile acid (BA) efflux transporters and detoxifying enzymes expression, improved BA homeostasis, and attenuated oxidative liver injury; however, these effects were annulled in Nrf2 knock-out mice. Furthermore, APS ameliorated the microbiota dysbiosis of cholestatic mice and selectively increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria growth. Fecal microbiota transplantation of APS also promoted hepatic Nrf2 activation, increased BA efflux transporters and detoxifying enzymes expression, ameliorated intrahepatic BA accumulation and cholestatic liver injury. Non-targeted metabolomics and in vitro microbiota culture confirmed that APS significantly increased the production of a microbiota-derived SCFA (butyric acid), which is also able to upregulate Nrf2 expression.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that APS can ameliorate cholestasis by modulating gut microbiota and activating the Nrf2 pathway, representing a novel therapeutic approach for cholestatic liver disease.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a navel depression-cleaning agent capable of easily removing bellybutton lint, etc., at the navel without harming the inner surface of the navel depression, and a method for cleaning the navel depression by using the same.  <P>SOLUTION: This navel depression-cleaning agent comprises a film-forming water soluble polymer and a water-absorbent. The weight ratio of the water soluble polymer to the water absorbent (the former to the latter) is preferably (100:1) to (1:5). The water soluble polymer is preferably polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the water absorbent is preferably a highly absorbable polymer. The method for cleaning the navel depression by using the navel depression-cleaning agent is provided by supplying a mixture of the navel depression-cleaning agent and a water-containing volatile medium to the nave depression and after drying and solidifying the cleaning agent, taking out the film consisting of the solidified material from the navel depression in a state of accompanying the soil in the navel depression.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Twenty healthy participants will be separated into two groups of 10 volunteers each. In both groups, the participant's right eye will serve as a control with only Tropicamide/phenylephrine given. In one group of 10 participants the left eyes will receive Alphagan prior to Tropicamide/phenylephrine. In the other group of 10 eyes, the left eyes will have Tropicamide/phenylephrine administered prior to Alphagan. The investigator will observe the intraocular benefits of the addition of Alphagan over the Tropicamide/phenylephrine alone and determine if pre-treating is any better than post-treating. In addition, the investigator will monitor pupil response, as it is known that Alphagan may have some effect on the pupil dilation.
A medical device is configured to support two-way communication to remotely monitor and manage medical device parameter status and software. A two-way communication module is incorporated into the medical device. A remote monitoring service is configured to regularly communicate with the medical device to initiate status assessments of medical device parameters and perform software updates. The medical device then sends a return message to the remote monitoring service using the two-way communication network. The return message can include the requested information, parameter values, or information about the software updates. This system can be advantageously used to efficiently monitor a large number of portable or mobile medical devices in a manner that is transparent to the users of the medical devices.
HIV-unexposed children enrolled in a randomized open label study on the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV1+1) will be invited to participate in this study. Children enrolled in the PCV1+1 study will receive all vaccines included in the South African public immunization program. Measles vaccine (0.5 mL, subcutaneous injection) will be adminstered at 6 months of age and 12 months of age. Varicella vaccine (0.5 mL, subcutaneous injection) or Hepatitis-A vaccine (0.5 mL, intra-muscular injection) will be administered to the participants at 18 months of age as an additional benefit for participating in the study.
Patients in this group did not receive an erector spinae block. Data are obtained retrospectively (years 2017 and 2018).
AIM: To investigate the factors affecting postoperative frailty and the relationship between frailty and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
DESIGN: The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and predictive.
METHODS: Data were collected by researchers in a university research and application hospital cardiovascular surgery inpatient clinic between March 2022 and March 2023. Sociodemographic-Clinical Characteristics Form, Comorbidity Index, Edmonton Frail Scale, Postoperative Recovery, and Nutritional Risk Screening were used to collect the data.
RESULTS: Of the 145 patients included in the study, 65.51% (n = 95) were male and the mean age was 62.02 ± 10.16 years. While frailty was not found to be significant by age group, it was found that women had more comorbidities and were more frail than men. It was found that 17.2% (n = 25) of patients had a history of falls before surgery, 26.2% (n = 38) had a fear of falling after surgery and 17.24% (n = 25) had rehospitalisations. While postoperative recovery index predicted fraility by 34% in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery; general symptoms and psychological symptoms, which are the sub-dimensions of the postoperative recovery index and comorbidity and, fear of falling after surgery predicted frailty by 61%. The order of importance of variables on fraility: general symptoms (β = 0.297), fear of falling (β = 0.222), psychological symptoms (β = 0.218), Charlson Comorbidity Index (β = 0.183).
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This study clarifies the role of frailty as an important factor influencing the recovery process in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. The findings show that frailty has a determining effect on postoperative recovery in these patients. Among the factors affecting frailty status, comorbidities, fear of postoperative falls, and postoperative general and psychological symptoms were found to contribute. These findings emphasise that these factors should be taken into account when assessing and managing the postoperative recovery process. Understanding these factors that influence postoperative frailty is crucial for patient care. Recognising the multifaceted nature of frailty, personalised interventions are needed to improve patient care and postoperative outcomes. Personalised interventions are particularly important for older women with multiple comorbidities, as they are more likely to be frail.
A new non invasive, in vivo technique to study the molecular changes in the human lens, called Dynamic Light Scattering Device (DLS), has recently been developed. Preliminary studies have shown its potential to detect the earliest changes in cataract, at the stage where anti-cataract treatment would be most effective in reversing, delaying or preventing cataracts. A new miniaturized version of this device has been developed by NASA using lower energy lasers, and under a NASA-NEI Inter Agency Agreement, has been successfully developed into a clinical device at the NEI. We recently conducted pilot studies to evaluate the usefulness and reproducibility of this instrument for quantitating human lens changes, and found good reproducibility. We also derived a useful parameter to use with this new technique, the log mean particle size, derived from particle size distribution data. Preliminary studies have also shown that the NASA-NEI DLS device can be used to detect and monitor molecular changes in early cataract formation as well as in normal aging. We therefore propose to conduct a larger cross sectional clinical study to detect and monitor molecular changes in the lens in early cataract formation and in normal aging.
INTRODUCTION: High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) is the gold standard for detecting anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) precursors. Preliminary studies on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) models to this modality have revealed promising results. However, the impact of staining techniques and anal manipulation on the effectiveness of these algorithms has not been evaluated. We aimed to develop a deep learning system for automatic differentiation of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion vs low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in HRA images in different subsets of patients (nonstained, acetic acid, lugol, and after manipulation).
METHODS: A convolutional neural network was developed to detect and differentiate high-grade and low-grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesions based on 27,770 images from 103 HRA examinations performed in 88 patients. Subanalyses were performed to evaluate the algorithm's performance in subsets of images without staining, acetic acid, lugol, and after manipulation of the anal canal. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, and area under the curve were calculated.
RESULTS: The convolutional neural network achieved an overall accuracy of 98.3%. The algorithm had a sensitivity and specificity of 97.4% and 99.2%, respectively. The accuracy of the algorithm for differentiating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion vs low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion varied between 91.5% (postmanipulation) and 100% (lugol) for the categories at subanalysis. The area under the curve ranged between 0.95 and 1.00.
DISCUSSION: The introduction of AI to HRA may provide an accurate detection and differentiation of ASCC precursors. Our algorithm showed excellent performance at different staining settings. This is extremely important because real-time AI models during HRA examinations can help guide local treatment or detect relapsing disease.
BACKGROUND: Although several studies have addressed plasma proteomics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, limited data are available on the prognostic value of urinary proteomics. The objective of our study was to identify urinary proteins/peptides associated with death and heart failure admission in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population included participants enrolled in TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial). The relationship between urine protein levels and the risk of death or heart failure admission was assessed using Cox regression, in both nonadjusted analyses and adjusting for urine creatinine levels, and the MAGGIC (Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure) score. A total of 426 (12.4%) TOPCAT participants had urinary protein data and were included. There were 40 urinary proteins/peptides significantly associated with death or heart failure admission in nonadjusted analyses, 21 of which were also significant adjusted analyses. Top proteins in the adjusted analysis included ANGPTL2 (angiopoietin-like protein 2) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.5731 [95% CI, 0.47-0.7]; P=3.13E-05), AMY2A (α amylase 2A) (HR, 0.5496 [95% CI, 0.44-0.69]; P=0.0001), and DNASE1 (deoxyribonuclease-1) (HR, 0.5704 [95% CI, 0.46-0.71]; P=0.0002). Higher urinary levels of proteins involved in fibrosis (collagen VI α-1, collagen XV α-1), metabolism (pancreatic α-amylase 2A/B, mannosidase α class 1A member 1), and inflammation (heat shock protein family D member 1, inducible T cell costimulatory ligand) were associated with a lower risk of death or heart failure admission.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study identifies several novel associations between urinary proteins/peptides and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Many of these associations are independent of clinical risk scores and may aid in risk stratification in this patient population.
Participants will be administered a single oral dose (75 mg) of clopidogrel. Blood and urine will be collected for 24 hours.
A direct write dispensing nozzle assembly and method of forming traces and twisted pairs via direct write dispensing. The method includes dispensing conductive material via an inner nozzle so as to form a conductive core. Non-conductive material may be dispensed via a peripheral nozzle surrounding the inner nozzle so as to form a non-conductive casing surrounding the conductive core. The first conductive core and the non-conductive casing may then be deposited on a substrate or other surface. The trace may be positioned on the substrate such that the non-conductive casing contacts a previously deposited trace. An additional conductive core may be dispensed within the non-conductive casing and the direct write dispensing nozzle assembly may be rotated so as to form a twisted pair.
Celiac plexus blocks (CPBs) using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance provide significant pain relief in adults with chronic pancreatitis. We present on EUS-guided CPB for pediatric patients with abdominal pain from chronic pancreatitis or severe functional dyspepsia necessitating clinically assisted nutrition and hydration. Patients who underwent EUS-CPB were included and followed prospectively at 2-, 4-, and 8-weeks postprocedure about pain, enteral tolerance, and school/activity attendance. Thirteen patients underwent EUS-guided CPB with a total of 21 procedures. In the pancreatitis cohort, mean pain relief was 11.7 weeks for those who responded. In the functional dyspepsia cohort, mean improvement (in either pain or enteral tolerance) was 4.8 weeks. Symptom improvement varied between the two cohorts. Acute recurrent/chronic pancreatitis patients demonstrated more sustained relief than the functional dyspepsia cohort. This study adds to the limited data investigating the utility of EUS-CPB as part of a multimodal treatment plan in pediatrics.
Conventional MDR-TB laboratory tests. Sputum culture (and smear microscopy) will be evaluated monthly during the treatment period (and 6 monthly during the follow-up period) for the conventional arm.
OBJECTIVE: Spontaneous regression of tumors is an attractive phenomenon that most commonly occurs in stage 4S neuroblastoma (NB). However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear.
METHODS: Datasets correlated with NB were downloaded from online public databases, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between stage 4 and 4S associated with immunity were identified, and functional enrichment analysis was utilized to explore the potential functions and signaling pathways of these DEGs. In addition, based on these DEGs, a prognostic signature was constructed and validated, and differences in immune cell infiltration were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 13 DEGs were finally identified, and functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily enriched in the positive regulation of neuron differentiation and TGF-β signaling pathway. The signature successfully stratifies patients into two risk score groups and performs well in judging prognosis and predicting overall survival time. In addition, the prognostic value of the risk score calculated by the signature was independent of clinical factors. The results of immune cell infiltration showed that patients with a high infiltration of resting CD4 + memory T cells had a better prognosis, while plasma cells had a worse prognosis.
CONCLUSION: The results of the functional enrichment analysis of these identified DEGs suggested that these DEGs may be related to spontaneous regression of NB. In addition, the prognostic signature has the potential to create new risk stratification in patients with NB.
PURPOSE:A prolonged carcinostatic agent useful as a suture for operation, capable of releasing a toxic carcinostatic agent to a cancerous tissue securely and slowly, not accumulating a high polymer substance in the body, comprising an absorbable high polymer compound containing the carcinostatic agent. CONSTITUTION:A prolonged carcinostatic agent in any type comprising an absorbable high polymer compound such as collagen, polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, etc. containing a carcinostatic agent such as 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, etc. The carcinostatic agent is used as a suture after operation of cancer extraction as a filament, or it in the form of a toothbrush is inserted into a solid cancer. Consequently, the carcinostatic agent can be securely medicated to the cancerous tissue, and the release concentration and rate of the carcinostatic agent can be controlled by the high polymer compound. The high polymer compound is absorbed in the body after the release of the carcinostatic agent, and does not remain for a long time.
Conduit pulmonary arterial stiffening and the resultant increase in pulmonary vascular impedance have emerged as an important underlying driver of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Given that matrix deposition is central to vascular remodeling, we evaluated the role of the collagen cross-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase like 2 (LOXL2) in this study. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) subjected to hypoxia showed increased LOXL2 secretion. LOXL2 activity and expression were markedly higher in primary PASMCs isolated from the pulmonary arteries of the rat Sugen 5416 + hypoxia (SuHx) model of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH). Similarly, LOXL2 protein and mRNA levels were increased in the pulmonary arteries (PA) and lungs of rats with PH (SuHx and monocrotaline (MCT) models). Pulmonary arteries (PAs) isolated from the rats with PH exhibited hypercontractility to phenylephrine and attenuated vasorelaxation elicited by acetylcholine, indicating severe endothelial dysfunction. Tensile testing revealed a significant increase in PA stiffness in PH. Treatment with PAT-1251, a novel small-molecule LOXL2 inhibitor, improved active and passive properties of the PA ex vivo. There was an improvement in right heart function as measured by right ventricular pressure volume loops in vivo with PAT-1251. Importantly, PAT-1251 treatment ameliorated PH, resulting in improved pulmonary artery pressures, right ventricular remodeling, and survival. Hypoxia-induced LOXL2 activation is a causal mechanism in pulmonary artery stiffening in PH and pulmonary artery mechanical and functional decline. LOXL2 inhibition with PAT-1251 could be a promising approach to improve pulmonary artery pressures, right ventricular elastance, cardiac relaxation, and survival in PAH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary arterial stiffening contributes to the progression of PAH and the deterioration of right heart function. This study shows that LOXL2 is upregulated in rat models of PH. LOXL2 inhibition halts pulmonary vascular remodeling and improves PA contractility, endothelial function, and PA pressure, resulting in prolonged survival. Thus, LOXL2 is an important mediator of PA remodeling and stiffening in PH and a promising target to improve PA pressures and survival in PH.
Participants will receive multiple doses of risdiplam orally once daily for 24 months. After 24-month treatment, participants will be offered the opportunity to enter the open-label extension (OLE) phase for 3 years.
In a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition containing erlotinib hydrochloride, the type A crystal is used as elutinib hydrochloride to be provided for granulation. According to a producing method that performs wet granulation, the production of the type B crystal is suppressed. The pharmaceutical composition may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium starch glycolate and sodium croscarmellose. In addition, at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate and sucrose fatty acid ester may be contained. The wet granulation is preferably a fluidized bed granulation. In addition, the pharmaceutical composition is representatively a tablet.