anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Prenatal exposure to rare earth elements (REEs) may contribute to adverse birth outcomes in previous studies. Cord blood vitamin D has been suggested to modify or mediate the effects of environmental exposures. However, none has investigated these roles of cord blood vitamin D in the associations of prenatal exposure to REEs with fetal growth. Maternal trimester-specific urinary concentrations of 13 REEs, cord blood total 25-hydroxyvitamin D at delivery, and birth weight (BW)-for-gestational age (GA) were determined in 710 mother-newborn pairs from Wuhan, China. Higher maternal average urinary concentrations of europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), and ytterbium (Yb) across three trimesters, either individually or jointly, were significantly associated with lower BW-for-GA Z-scores and higher odds of small for gestational age (SGA) [β = -0.092; 95 % confidence interval (CI): -0.149, -0.035 for BW-for-GA Z-scores, and odds ratio = 1.60; 95 % CI: 1.14, 2.24 for SGA involved in each unit increase in weighted quantile sum index of REEs mixture]. When stratified by cord blood vitamin D levels, the associations mentioned above persisted in participants with relatively low vitamin D levels (<13.94 μg/L, the first tertile of distribution), but not among those with relatively high levels (≥13.94 μg/L) (all p-values for interaction < 0.05). The mediation analyses taking account of exposure-mediator interaction showed that the relationships between REEs (as individual and mixture) exposure and lower BW-for-GA were partly mediated through decreasing cord blood vitamin D levels. The proportions mediated by cord blood vitamin D levels were 24.48 % for BW-for-GA Z-scores and 29.05 % for SGA corresponding to the REEs mixture exposure. Conclusively, our study revealed that prenatal exposures to Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb were related to fetal growth restriction. Cord blood vitamin D might alleviate toxic effects of these REEs and its reduction might partly mediate REE-induced fetal growth restriction.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound expressed by formula I [R is H or formula II (R<1> is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkanoyloxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, heteroaryloxyalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl] or acid addition salt thereof. EXAMPLE:2-Amino-4-(5-acetylaminomethyl-2-furyl)thiazole.hydrochloride. USE:A medicine useful as a remedy for diseases, e.g. peptic ulcer, acute or chronic gastritis, acute gastric mucosal lesion, etc. having both acid inhibitory action and mucosal protecting action and further useful as an ameliorant of cerebral function having antihypoxic action. PREPARATION:A compound expressed by formula III (X is halogen) is reacted with thiourea to afford the compound expressed by formula I (R is acetoxy), which is then subjected to hydrolysis reaction to give the compound expressed by formula I (R is H). The resultant compound expressed by formula I is then reacted with a compound expressed by formula IV to provide the compound expressed by formula I (R is formula II and R<1>).
Infants of diabetic mothers have been shown in several studies to have an increased frequency of malformations. In previous studies, an increased frequency of several specific malformations has been noted, including anencephaly, bilateral renal agenesis, and double outlet right ventricle. Surveillance, used to identify all malformed infants in a consecutive sample of births, can identify a distinctive pattern of malformations among the affected infants.(1) Maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk for congenital malformations of about2-4 times the background risk.(2) Perinatal outcome of the infant of the diabetic mother (IDM) depends on the onset, duration, and severity of maternal diabetes and is worse for IDM born from mothers with pre-existent insulin-dependent diabetes.(3) that glycemic control is associated with a reduced risk of congenital anomalies. However, the recommended threshold of HgA1c for pregestational diabetic women planning pregnancy is still not known.(4) Congenital anomalies are broadly classified into either single-system or multiple-system malformations. The first type affects a single organ system or body part,(5,6,7) and the second affects more than one organ system or body part. Major congenital anomalies are defined as those that, if uncorrected, could result in considerable impairment of the normal body functions or even reducing the life expectancy. Minor congenital anomalies include the anomalies that cause no disability or have no significant physical or functional effects and can be regarded as normal variants.(5,8,9) In another study conducted in Egypt on live-born babies, the incidence of minor congenital anomalies among infants of diabetic mothers was 18%, while the incidence was 11% for the major congenital anomalies, the later was 4.6 times higher than in the general population.(10) The pathophysiology of maternal diabetes induced birth defects is complex, however, clearly relates to maternal glucose levels. The mechanism is not entirely understood, but animal studies have shown it to be associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis due to high oxidative stress, the second major change is altered gene expression causing deviation from the normal developmental process.(11) However, most congenital defects associated with diabetes occur in the cardiovascular, central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Although hyperglycemia is a common mechanism for teratogenicity, differences in disease characteristics, such as age of onset, ethnicity, obesity and duration of disease, may affect the disease impact on the perinatal outcome and the rate of congenital anomalies.(11,12)
OBJECTIVE: Achondroplasia is associated with foramen magnum stenosis (FMS), which can lead to sudden unexpected death in infants. There is no wide consensus regarding the best management of FMS. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of FMS in a cohort of children with achondroplasia and to evaluate screening and neurosurgical interventions of FMS regarding its effects and complications.
METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study including all children with achondroplasia assessed or treated at Karolinska University Hospital between September 2005 and June 2020. The severity of FMS was graded using the MRI Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score (AFMS). The AFMS was correlated with neurological examinations and polysomnography (PSG) results.
RESULTS: Severe FMS (AFMS 3-4) was present in 35% of the 51 children included in the study. As many as 65% of the children in the cohort underwent foramen magnum decompression (FMD). Neurological examination had a high specificity (94%) but a low sensitivity (28%) for severe FMS. Signs of central apnea on PSG did not correlate with severity of FMS (p = 0.735). Surgery improved FMS (p < 0.001) with a nonsignificant trend of decreased central apnea (p = 0.070), but carried a 9% risk of severe surgery- and anesthesia-related complications.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed previous reports that severe FMS is common in children with achondroplasia, that neurological symptoms may be absent even in severe FMS, and that FMD improves FMS and may improve central apnea. The finding that neurological examination had a low sensitivity for severe FMS supports the recommendation that all children with achondroplasia should undergo early MRI.
Treatment will be repeated every 28 days. Taxotere is administered on days 1, 8 and 15 (rate: 1 hour). Dose levels 1, 2 and 3 (mg/m2 i.v.) are 25, 25 and 30, respectively. Treatment will be administered on an outpatient basis. Treatment will be repeated every 28 days. Doxil is administered on day 1 (rate: 1mg/min). Dose levels 1, 2 and 3 (mg/m2 i.v.) are 25, 30 and 30, respectively.
Thrombin, a key enzyme in the regulation of hemostasis, has been implicated in cancer progression. This study explored the effect of recombinant tyrosine-sulfated haemathrin on cancer cell behavior and signaling pathways compared to wild-type (WT) haemathrin 2. The recombinant proteins, tyrosine-sulfated haemathrin 2 (haemathrin 2S), and WT haemathrin 2 were produced in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified and applied to SKOV3 and MDA-MB-231 cells with and without thrombin stimulation. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Haemathrin 2S treatment significantly diminished cell migration and invasion promoted by thrombin in both SKOV3 and MDA-MB-231 cells (p < 0.05). Additionally, haemathrin 2S effectively inhibited thrombin-induced phosphorylation of serine/threonine kinase (Akt) in both cell lines (p < 0.05), while WT haemathrin 2 had this effect only in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, haemathrin 2S significantly reduced thrombin-activated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and p38 in both cell lines (p < 0.05) and reversed E/N-cadherin expression in thrombin-treated MDA-MB-231 cells (p < 0.05), which were not observed with WT haemathrin 2. Overall, haemathrin 2S was more effective than WT haemathrin 2 in reducing cancer cell migration and invasion, indicating that targeting thrombin with sulfated haemathrin is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, further in vivo studies are needed to confirm these results.
Participants first received a single dose of 3 tablets of Binimetinib 15 mg orally in fasted conditions in the morning on day 1 of a 5-day period. After a washout period of 7 days, they then received a single dose of 1 tablet of Binimetinib 45 mg orally in fasted conditions in the morning for five days on day 1 of a second 5-day period.
During each session, the mother-child dyads will meet with Nurture Science program staff virtually. The entire procedure will be done on Zoom or in person depending on school opening. All mother-child pairs will then be asked to interact, with the child sitting on the mother's lap face-to-face. The rest of the session may continue with: (1) Reading Cuddle and Calm Book (2) Mutual Mother and Child Emotional Exchange Prompts (3) Mothers Support Circle to identify and engage members of the mother's family in helping the dyad with emotional connection (4) Mommy Baby Book (5) Bottle of Emotions (6) Plans for continuing the work in the family. Returning mothers will be asked how they have progressed using the Cuddle and Calm and mutual narrative over the week and what their experience with their child after the session has been.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome and fat accumulation in various organs such as the liver and the kidneys. Our goal was to assess, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Dual-Echo phase sequencing, the association between liver and kidney fat deposition and their relation to obesity.
METHODS: We analyzed MRI scans of individuals who were referred to the Chaim Sheba Medical Center between December 2017 and May 2020 to perform a study for any indication. For each individual, we retrieved from the computerized charts data on sex, and age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia).
RESULTS: We screened MRI studies of 399 subjects with a median age of 51 years, 52.4% of whom were women, and a median BMI 24.6 kg/m2. We diagnosed 18% of the participants with fatty liver and 18.6% with fat accumulation in the kidneys (fatty kidneys). Out of the 67 patients with fatty livers, 23 (34.3%) also had fatty kidneys, whereas among the 315 patients without fatty livers, only 48 patients (15.2%) had fatty kidneys (p < 0.01). In comparison to the patients who did not have a fatty liver or fatty kidneys (n = 267), those who had both (n = 23) were more obese, had higher systolic BP, and were more likely to have diabetes mellitus. In comparison to the patients without a fatty liver, those with fatty livers had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.91 (97.5% CI; 1.61-5.25) to have fatty kidneys. In total, 19.6% of the individuals were obese (BMI ≥ 30), and 26.1% had overweight (25 < BMI < 30). The obese and overweight individuals were older and more likely to have diabetes mellitus and hypertension and had higher rates of fatty livers and fatty kidneys. Fat deposition in both the liver and the kidneys was observed in 15.9% of the obese patients, in 8.3% of the overweight patients, and in none of those with normal weight. Obesity was the only risk factor for fatty kidneys and fatty livers, with an adjusted OR of 6.3 (97.5% CI 2.1-18.6).
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is a major risk factor for developing a fatty liver and fatty kidneys. Individuals with a fatty liver are more likely to have fatty kidneys. MRI is an accurate modality for diagnosing fatty kidneys. Reviewing MRI scans of any indication should include assessment of fat fractions in the kidneys in addition to that of the liver.
FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: solution having 1-50% by mass of a fiber- generating polymer, an aseptic substance and a solvent are brought to the skin area to be protected as at least one jet. The coating is created in an electrostatic field of 1-5 kV intensity. The given method is put into effect by means of a device having a reservoir filled with the solution, a microcompressor connected with the reservoir cavity by means of a tube not reaching the level of the solution in the reservoir, a pressure-tight cover with a forming head having a capillary which one end is connected to a siphon drain tube penetrating the cover and entering the reservoir cavity. The other end is free, being outside the forming head. The device has a high voltage electric power supply source with one terminal connected to the capillary and the other one connected to earth. The forming head cavity of the device may be connected with the reservoir cavity through a branch pipe not reaching the surface of the solution in the reservoir cavity and the free end of the capillary is fixed allowing a clearance with respect to the forming head wall. EFFECT: reliable protection of skin surface area against dust particles and microorganisms. 2 dwg, 3 cl
Infants will receive cholecalciferol 800 IU/day in the first 28 days after birth, given enterally four times per day (0.5mL per dose = 200 IU) until the infant is provided 400 IU/day. At that point the study cholecalciferol will be reduced to 400 IU/day for a total supplementation of 800 IU/day.
BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has shown high efficacy against anal HPV infection and lesions in clinical trials, and the HPV prevalence and type distribution in anal precancers and cancer predict a high preventable potential for HPV vaccination. However, the real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination against anal high-grade lesions and cancer is yet to be shown.
METHODS: We investigated HPV vaccine effectiveness against anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse in a nationwide cohort including all Danish women aged 17-32 years during October 2006 to December 2021 (n = 968 881). HPV vaccinations and first occurrence of anal HSIL or worse were retrieved from nationwide registries. Women were considered vaccinated after first dose and classified by age at vaccination. Using Cox regression, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for anal HSIL or worse according to vaccination status.
RESULTS: During follow-up, the number of incident histological anal HSIL or worse cases was 37 in unvaccinated women, and less than 5 and 26 in women vaccinated at ages younger than 17 years and 17-32 years, respectively. The overall number of cancers was less than 5. Compared with unvaccinated women, the risk of histological anal HSIL or worse was reduced for women vaccinated at age younger than 17 years (HR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.87). For women vaccinated at age 17-32 years, the hazard rate of anal HSIL or worse was 1.21 (95% CI = 0.73 to 2.03).
CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate that HPV vaccination at a younger age is associated with substantially reduced risk of anal HSIL or worse in the general population.
Evaluating the relationship between Quality of Life and tremor is needed to determine the best physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches for individuals with Parkinson's Disease. This study aimed to examine the relationship of quality of life with tremor severity and upper limb functionality in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. Fifty-two individuals with Parkinson's Disease participated in the study. Quality of Life, tremor amplitude, upper limb functionality, grip and pinch strength were evaluated. The relationship of quality of life with tremor severity and upper limb functionality was examined in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. The results of individuals with and without tremor were compared.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a pain given to an animal, not to leave a lesion in dressed carcass, to raise an antibody titer equally to intramuscular administration and to obtain a large amount of an antibody by administering an antigen to a dewlap hypodermic of a bovid animal when the bovid animal is immunized. SOLUTION: An antigen is administered to a dewlap hypodermic of a bovid animal, preferably at a part rich in fat tissue when the antigen is administered to the bovid animal to obtain an antibody from its milk or blood. Human skin, hair, a protein extracted from hair, etc., are preferable as the antigen when the prepared antibody is used as a cosmetic or a medicine and applied to skin and hair. A dose of the antigen is 10<5> to 10<11> viruses and bacteria per animal per time in the case of a virus or a bacterium and is preferably 0.01-200mg in the case of the organism component. Bovine, sheep, goat, etc., are preferable as the bovid animal. The administration is preferably carried out by an injection. The antigen is optionally used with an adjuvant and may be microcapsulated with liposome, etc.
In Part 1 (dose escalation) participants with selected advanced solid tumors will receive escalating doses of EOC237 as monotherapy. Participants can receive EOC237 until disease progression, adverse event (AE), or other discontinuation criteria, whichever occurs first.
NEW MATERIAL:A perfluorobicyclo compound shown by the formulaI(one or both of the ring A and the ring B may be substituted with a lower perfluoroalkyl group; m and n are 3-4). EXAMPLE:3-Methylperhydroindolizine shown by the formula II. USE:A blood substitute, an oxygen transporting component for oxygen transporting transfusion, etc. Capable of dissolving a large amount of oxygen, metabolically inert, and quickly discharged out of the body. Prepared as a water emulsion containing 5-50W/V%, preferably 10-40W/V% compound shown by the formulaI. PROCESS:A hydrocompound corresponding to a compound shown by the formulaI is fluorinated (e.g., electrolytic fluorination, cobalt fluorination) to give a compound shown by the formulaI. Electrolytic fluorination is the most preferable amoung them, for example, anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is blended with a perhydrocompound in an electrolytic cell, a raw material compound, dissolved, and electrolyzed.
BACKGROUND: CHD is a lifelong condition with a significant burden of disease to patients and families. With increased survival, attention has shifted to longer-term outcomes, with a focus on social determinants of health. Among children with CHD, socioeconomic status is associated with disparities in outcomes. Household material hardship is a concrete measure of poverty and may serve as an intervenable measure of socioeconomic status.
METHODS: A longitudinal survey study was conducted at multiple time points (at acute hospitalisation, then 12-24 months later in the chronic phase) to determine the prevalence of household material hardship among parents of children with advanced heart disease and quality of life during long-term follow-up.
RESULTS: The analytic cohort was 160 children with a median patient age of 1 year (IQR 1,4) with 54% of patients <2 years. During acute hospitalisation, over one-third of families reported household material hardship (37%), with significantly lower household material hardship in the chronic phase at 16% (N = 9 of 52). For parents reporting household material hardship during acute hospitalisation, 50% had resolution of household material hardship by the chronic phase. Household material hardship-exposed children were significantly more likely to be publicly insured (56% versus 20%, p = 0.03) with lower quality of life than those without household material hardship (64% versus 82%, p = 0.013).
CONCLUSION: The burden of heart disease during the chronic phase of illness is high. Household material hardship may serve as a target to ensure equity in the care and outcomes of CHD patients and their families.
A patient-specific assessment of fracture probability for the femur proximal end is provided. 3D locations of the femur head center, a point on the femoral shaft center, and the femoral intercondylar notch are determined from a clinical image. A frontal plane, a perpendicular thereunto and a bone shaft axis are determined from the 3D locations. An FEA coordinate system is defined from the frontal plane, the perpendicular and the axis. Two FEA analyses are performed, one for neck fracture and one for pertrochanteric fracture, with the same displacement constraints and the same load magnitude but different load angles. The femur proximal end is divided into four anatomically-based regions. For each region and each load, maximum tensile and compressive principal strains are determined and, based on the body weight and the principal strains, a likelihood of fracture is obtained. The minimum of these 8 likelihoods gives the probability of fracture.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, oncology, and can be used for treating locally advanced breast cancer. For this purpose, the method starts with chemotherapy. 15-30 minutes later, it is followed with hyperthermia at temperature 41.0-42.0C on the periphery of a tumour at exposure time 90-60 min, respectively. If observing involution of the tumour more than by 30% by RECIST criteria, radical mastectomy followed by radiation therapy is performed. A less evident involution requires preoperative radiation therapy followed by radical mastectomy. ^ EFFECT: method allows improving a local therapeutic effect due to the fact that on the periphery of the tumour, total vascular dilatation and blood flow increase are observed that allows for maximum penetration of medicinal agents into the tumour, and in the centre of the tumour, high temperature is generated because of decreased blood flow and therefore heat extraction thereupon by the end of the procedure in the tumour region, blood flow is slowed in vessels and stops almost, the cumulated medicinal agents are kept in the tumour for a long time that allow prolonging the cytotoxic action of chemopreparations on malignant cells. ^ 3 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl, 5 ex