anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention discloses a medicine for treating varicocele, belonging to the traditional Chinese medicine field. The medicine for treating varicocele is prepared by the following herbs according to certain weight ratio: salvia, fructus liquidambaris, dodder, phellodendron, scutellaria, zedoary turmeric, medlar, angelica, safflower and peach kernel. First the raw material is mixed and put into an earthen pot, dunked fully after proper amount of water being added, decocted to boil by strong fire and then decocted by slow fire for half and hour; and then herb liquor is filtered, leaving herb residue to be decocted for another half an hour after proper amount of water being added; then herb liquor once again is filtered; the herb liquors filtered before are mixed and cooled fully for being taken respectively half an hour before breakfast and two hours after supper. One period of treatment refers to the medicine administration for consecutive one month. If the medicine is taken for one month, the symptom can be effectively relieved; the discomforts of scrotum tenesmus and gall can disappear; the bump is reduced and the color fades. If the medicine is take for another month, the clinic symptoms of ordinary patients may disappear, so that the purpose of complete cure can be achieved. Total 120 cases are treated by the invention, with the cure rate of 86% and the effective rate of 98%.
The invention relates to the technical field of drug development, in particular to application of cannabidiol in preparing a drug for treating and/or preventing amanita poisoning. The invention relates to application of cannabidiol in preparing a medicament for treating and/or preventing amanita poisoning. The invention establishes a model of C57BL/6J mice and L-02 cell alpha-amatoxin poisoning, selects cannabidiol as an intervention drug, and determines the effect of cannabidiol in the induction of liver cell apoptosis and oxidative stress by the alpha-amatoxin. The result shows that: the alpha-amatoxins cause apoptosis and oxidative stress in the liver cells of mice after exposure, resulting in death of mice, and in vitro experiments, the alpha-amatoxins also cause apoptosis and oxidative stress in the L-02 cells. Cannabidiol can up-regulate the activities of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes, improve the apoptosis and oxidative stress level of liver cells and L-02 cells of mice, and increase the survival rate of the mice. Indicating that cannabidiol can be used as a potential therapeutic drug for amanita poisoning.
The fourth dosage that is tested is 5 mg/kg/h for 12 hours every 24 hours for 3 to 6 days. The decision to prolong therapy after 3 days of therapy is made by the treating physician, depending on the clinical state of the patient and the severity of disease..
For Barrett's Esophagus neoplasia of at least LGIN up to early adenocarcinoma, the aim is to debulk or completely treat polypoid dysplastic or malignant lesions in Barrett's esophagus. The Endoscopic Mucosal Resection EMR has been established to be a less invasive, safe, and effective nonsurgical therapy. The most commonly employed modalities of EMR include snare resection with and without prior submucosal injection of fluid, and resection using a cap. Since resection of larger areas can only be done piece - by- piece this kind or resection is also called piecemeal resection or piecemeal EMR. Meanwhile, another endoscopic resection has been developed called Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ESD.It enables complete resection of neoplasms that were impossible to resect en bloc by EMR. After circumferential cutting of the surrounding mucosa of the lesion, fluid is injected into the submucosa to elevate the lesion from the muscle layer, and subsequently the connective tissue beneath the lesion is dissected. As a basic principle on histopathological and oncological terms, the en bloc resection is to be preferred since resection integrity can be evaluated much more securely. However, complexity of this kind of resection technique as well as complication rates can be different and sometimes higher than with EMR. Current approach treating Barrett's esophagus is to eradicate both neoplastic as well as pre neoplastic or non neoplastic Barrett mucosa in order to lower the relapse risk. Current treatment standard is to combine resection of visible neoplastic areas with subsequent thermo-ablation such as RFA or APC, so this approach will also be the basis of the present study. Since RFA has the largest volume of data screened it shall be the preferred method of ablation in this study.In total, data situation ist inconsistent. Short- and Long term of EMR is excellent in centres(Pech et al, Gastroenterology 2014) whereas ESD achieved only suboptimal outcomes in tree minor western studies (Neuhaus et al. Endoscopy 2012, Höbel et al., Surg Endosc 2015, Chevaux et al. Endoscopy 2015). One randomised study published in 2016 (Terheggen et al. Gut 2016) had a higher rate of R0 resections with ESD on 40 patients but no difference in complete remissions in combination with RFA. Although, this study was not empowered sufficientliy, and also showed a higher complication rate on ESD . At present no randomised study data are availale to allow statements about long term developments, so we will set up this current randomised study. We will compare data with regard to efficacy (histological completeness and relapse rates), as well as risks, e.g. perforations and strictures or stenosis by scarring.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is currently the most effective treatment strategy for AMI. Brisk thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 3 flow immediately after PCI in patients with AMI is associated with improved clinical outcomes compared with lower flow grades. However, myocardial reperfusion is suboptimal in many patients, mostly because of the 'no-reflow' phenomenon. No-reflow is defined as suboptimal myocardial reperfusion in part of the coronary circulation without angiographic evidence of mechanical vessel obstruction. To date, however, very few drugs have been shown to reverse established no-reflow.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that regulates plasma glucose, and GLP-1 analogues were recently introduced for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. GLP-1 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and may protect endothelial function. Experimental studies have also revealed that GLP-1 or its analogues protect against reperfusion injury in pigs. Exenatide, a GLP-1 analogue, was reported to reduce reperfusion injury in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Similarly, liraglutide was reported to reduce cardiac rupture and infarct size and improve cardiac output in normal and diabetic mice. To date, however, there is no clinical evidence for the effects of liraglutide on no-reflow in patients with AMI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of liraglutide pretreatment on myocardial no-reflow of prime PCI in patients with AMI.
This PMOS will be conducted in a prospective, single-arm, multicountry, multicenter format. The assignment of the patient to Humira is not decided in advance by this protocol but falls within the current practice. The prescription of Humira is clearly separated from the decision to include the patient in this study. No additional procedures (other than standard of care) shall be applied to the patients. As this study is observational in nature, its follow-up is not interventional and is left to the judgment of each physician within the 14-17 months period (including tuberculosis (TB) screening and prophylaxis, if indicated), which defines the survey for each patient. The TB screening period per patient will be 1-4 weeks and, if applicable, the TB prophylactic treatment period before Humira administration will be 1 month in accordance with local guidelines. For indicative purposes, follow-up of patients should entail approximately 7 patient visits during this period. These visits will take place at average intervals of 3 months, apart from the first visit following TB screening. The first visit following introduction of Humira and final visits are required because of intercurrent events. If treatment with Humira is discontinued, the standard practice is to review the patient after a period of 70 days or 5 half-lives following the intake of the last dose of physician-prescribed treatment. If the physician decides to permanently discontinue Humira before the end of the planned observational period of 13 months, the reason for discontinuation and the new treatment regimen prescribed, if applicable, will be documented. The next routine follow-up visit will be the termination visit for this patient in the PMOS.
Controlled Substance

Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate tablets are classified as a Schedule V controlled substance by federal regulation. Diphenoxylate hydrochloride is chemically related to the narcotic analgesic meperidine.

Drug Abuse and Dependence

In doses used for the treatment of diarrhea, whether acute or chronic, diphenoxylate has not produced addiction.

Diphenoxylate hydrochloride is devoid of morphine-like subjective effects at therapeutic doses. At high doses it exhibits codeine-like subjective effects. The dose which produces antidiarrheal action is widely separated from the dose which causes central nervous system effects. The insolubility of diphenoxylate hydrochloride in commonly available aqueous media precludes intravenous self-administration. A dose of 100 to 300 mg/day, which is equivalent to 40 to 120 tablets, administered to humans for 40 to 70 days, produced opiate withdrawal symptoms. Since addiction to diphenoxylate hydrochloride is possible at high doses, the recommended dosage should not be exceeded.
BACKGROUND: We investigated the potential association between pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and retinoblastoma pathogenicity.
METHODS: In this single-centre, retrospective case series, we performed hereditary cancer panel tests using blood samples for patients with retinoblastoma diagnosed between March 2017 and October 2021. Bioinformatics prediction tools were then used to conduct in silico pathogenicity assessments for patients with BRCA1/2 family variants, in addition to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) variant classification. One patient with a germline BRCA1 variant was analysed with whole-genome sequencing (WGS), mutational signature analysis and methylation analysis for RB1 and BRCA using the patient's tumour and blood samples.
RESULTS: Of 30 retinoblastoma patients who underwent panel sequencing, six (20%) were found to carry germline variants in the BRCA1/2 or BRIP1 genes. Among these six patients, two had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants as per the ACMG variant classification. Additionally, three patients showed potential pathogenic BRCA1/2 family variants through further analysis with alternative bioinformatics prediction tools. In the WGS analysis of a tumour from a patient with a germline likely pathogenic BRCA1 variant in one allele, we observed the loss of one RB1 allele due to a large deletion. No somatic non-synonymous mutations or frameshift indels were detected in the RB1 locus of the remaining allele. This sample also showed BRCA1 gene promoter hypermethylation in the tumour, indicating additional epigenetic silencing.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that some retinoblastoma patients harboured germline BRCA1/2 family variants, which may be associated with the development of retinoblastoma along with RB1 mutations.
The invention relates to a quality detection method for purple pepper tincture ringworm. The purple pepper tincture ringworm consists of 50 grams of leatherleaf mahonia stem, 40 grams of lightyellow sophora root, 40 grams of philippine violet herb, 40 grams of Chinese gall and 30 grams of pricklyash peel, and is prepared into a tincture preparation. In the quality detection method, on the basis of the original standard, the thin-layer chromatography identification of Chinese gall is added, wherein the Chinese gall is one of main ingredients of the purple pepper tincture ringworm. After the thin-layer chromatography identification of Chinese gall is added on the basis of the original standard, the aim of controlling Chinese gall in the preparation qualitatively is fulfilled, and the scientific basis is provided for judgment on the true or false and quality control of products while the quality detection standard of the purple pepper tincture ringworm is completed. In the detection method, sampling tests are easy and convenient to operate, and continuous verification tests such as negative interference and the like prove that the sampling tests are negative, do not have interference, and have excellent repeatability and high specificity. In addition, the control capacity on the quality of the products is improved while the quality detection standard is completed.
As an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, Cut-like homeobox 1 (CUX1) plays crucial roles in embryonic and nervous system development, cell differentiation, and DNA damage repair. One of its major isoforms, p110CUX1, exhibits stable DNA binding capabilities and contributes to the regulation of cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration, and invasion. While p110CUX1 has been implicated in the progression of various malignant tumors, its involvement in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains uncertain. This study aims to elucidate the role of p110CUX1 in AML. Our findings reveal heightened expression levels of both p110CUX1 and pyridoxal phosphatase (PDXP) in AML cell lines. Overexpression of p110CUX1 promotes AML cell proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis and differentiation, whereas knockdown of PDXP yields contrasting effects. Mechanistically, p110CUX1 appears to facilitate AML development by upregulating PDXP expression and activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Animal experimental corroborate the pro-AML effect of p110CUX1. These results provide experimental evidence supporting the involvement of the p110CUX1-PDXP-PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in AML progression. Hence, targeting p110CUX1 may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy for AML.
General: Before prescribing medication to suppress or modify cough, identify and provide therapy for the underlying cause of the cough and take caution that modification of cough does not increase the risk of clinical or physiologic complications. Dextromethorphan should be used with caution in sedated or debilitated patients and in patients confined to supine positions. Use with caution in patients with hypertension, heart disease, asthma, hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure, diabetes mellitus and prostatic hypertrophy.

Information for Patients: Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants while taking this product. Patients sensitive to antihistamines may experience moderate to severe drowsiness. Patients sensitive to sympathomimetic amines may notice mild CNS stimulation. Antihistamines may impair mental and physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. Patients should be warned accordingly.

Drug Interactions: Antihistamines may enhance the effects of tricyclic antidepressants, barbiturates, alcohol and other CNS depressants. MAO inhibitors prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines. Sympathomimetic amines may reduce the antihypertensive effects of reserpine, veratrum alkaloids, methyldopa and mecamylamines. Effects of sympathomimetics are increased with MAO inhibitors and beta-adrenergic blockers. The cough-suppressant action of dextromethorphan and narcotic antitussives are additive. Dextromethorphan is contraindicated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI). (See CONTRAINDICATIONS section.)

Use in Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with CPM/PE/DM Syrup. It is not known whether these products can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or affect reproduction capacity. Give to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether the drugs in CPM/PE/DM Syrup are excreted in human milk. Since many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious side effects in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the use of these products, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Six subjects will be enrolled. Isatuximab (10 mg/kg) intravenous (IV) on days 2, 8, 15, 22 of cycle 2 and days 1 and 15 of subsequent cycles. Pomalidomide (4 mg) by mouth (PO) days 1-21 of each cycle. Elotuzumab (10 mg/kg) on days 1, 8, 15, 22 of cycles 1 and 2; 20 mg/kg on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Dexamethasone 40 mg (20 mg if \>75 years) PO or IV on days 1, 8,15 and 22 of each cycle.
The identification of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus prior to cardioversion for patients with atrial fibrillation is crucial. LAA thrombus can be a frequent cause of cerebral stroke or peripheral embolism post cardioversion, and anticoagulation therapy is required in these instances to prevent cerebral events and avoid embolization. To date, TEE has been considered the clinical reference in detection of LAA thrombi with high diagnostic accuracy. However, diagnosis and size estimation of LAA thrombi remains challenging due to the complex anatomy of the LAA, and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is considered a semi-invasive procedure. To date, there have been few comparative studies involving TEE and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, and the results have been conflicting. With newer CMR Imaging techniques now available, we hypothesize that comparable results will be achieved in detecting LAA thrombus in subjects using a less invasive procedure.
CAPRIE   
  
The CAPRIE trial was a 19,185-patient, 304-center, international, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study comparing clopidogrel (75 mg daily) to aspirin (325 mg daily). To be eligible to enroll, patients had to have: 1) recent history of myocardial infarction (within 35 days); 2) recent histories of ischemic stroke (within 6 months) with at least a week of residual neurological signs; and/or 3) established peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients received randomized treatment for an average of 1.6 years (maximum of 3 years). 

The trial’s primary outcome was the time to first occurrence of new ischemic stroke (fatal or not), new myocardial infarction (fatal or not), or other vascular death. Deaths not easily attributable to nonvascular causes were all classified as vascular.

As shown in Table 6, clopidogrel was associated with a lower incidence of outcome events, primarily MI. The overall relative risk reduction (9.8% vs. 10.6%) was 8.7%, p=0.045. Similar results were obtained when all-cause mortality and all-cause strokes were counted instead of vascular mortality and ischemic strokes (risk reduction 6.9%). In patients who survived an on-study stroke or myocardial infarction, the incidence of subsequent events was lower in the clopidogrel group. 

The curves showing the overall event rate are shown in Figure 7. The event curves separated early and continued to diverge over the 3-year follow-up period.

Figure 7: Fatal or Nonfatal Vascular Events in the CAPRIE Study

The statistical significance favoring clopidogrel over aspirin was marginal (p=0.045). However, because aspirin is itself effective in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with recent myocardial infarction or stroke, the effect of clopidogrel is substantial.

The CAPRIE trial enrolled a population that had recent MI, recent stroke, or PAD. The efficacy of clopidogrel relative to aspirin was heterogeneous across these subgroups (p=0.043) (see Figure 8). Nonetheless this difference may be a chance occurrence because the CAPRIE trial was not designed to evaluate the relative benefit of clopidogrel over aspirin in the individual patient subgroups. The benefit was most apparent in patients who were enrolled because of peripheral arterial disease and less apparent in stroke patients. In patients who were enrolled in the trial on the sole basis of a recent myocardial infarction, clopidogrel was not numerically superior to aspirin.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the productivity in indigo dyeing by shortening a preparation time and omitting steps in a process of preparing a dyeing liquor for indigo dyeing.  <P>SOLUTION: A new indigo reductase is produced by an enzyme, especially Bacillus cohnii reducing indigo into leuco indigo. A Bacillus cohnii BC-001 strain äNITE (National Institute of Technology and Evaluation), accession number (NITE) P-15} which is a microorganism producing the indigo reductase is provided. A method for producing the indigo reductase comprises preparing the indigo reductase from a cultured product of the microorganism. Thereby, uses of the indigo reductase are provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
OBJECTIVE: This research was to unravel the impact of the lncRNA differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR)/microRNA (miR)-146a-5p/mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK6) axis on spinal cord injury (SCI).
METHODS: SCI mouse models were established and injected with si-DANCR or miR-146a-5p agomir. The recovery of motor function was assessed by Basso Mouse Scale. SCI was pathologically evaluated, and serum inflammatory factors were measured in SCI mice. Mouse spinal cord neurons were injured by H2O2 and transfected, followed by assessment of proliferation and apoptosis. DANCR, miR-146a-5p, and MAPK6 in tissues and cells were detected, as well as their relationship.
RESULTS: DANCR increased and miR-146a-5p decreased in SCI. Silencing DANCR or enhancing miR-146a-5p stimulated the proliferation of mouse spinal cord neurons and reduced apoptosis. DANCR was bound to miR-146a-5p to target MAPK6. DANCR affected the proliferation and apoptosis of spinal cord neurons by mediating the miR-146a-5p/MAPK6 axis. Downregulating DANCR or upregulating miR-146a-5p improved inflammation, the destruction of spinal cord tissue structure, and apoptosis in SCI mice.
CONCLUSION: DANCR affects spinal cord neuron apoptosis and inflammation of SCI by mediating the miR-146a-5p/MAPK6 axis.
A non-toxic effervescent pharmaceutical composition comprises a solid organic acid material such as tartaric, citric or succinic acid or their potassium or sodium acid salts and a material such as sodium bicarbonate or carbonate which reacts with the organic acid material on contact with moisture to form a gas and a surface-active agent. The surface-active agent may be cationic, anionic, or nonionic.  In the first case it should preferably amount by weight to not more than 0.2 per cent of the composition; in the second, not more than 2 per cent; in the third, not more than 25 per cent.  A mixture of cationic and nonionic or anionic and nonionic surface-active agents may be used.  The pH of the dissolved composition in water should be from 2 to 10 and preferably 3 to 7.  Specified surface-active agents are (a) cationic: coconut alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethylallyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; (b) anionic: sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium hepta-decyl sulphate; (c) nonionic: the polyethylene glycol mono ester of ricinoleic acid or lauric acid, lauryl ether of polyalkoxyethanol, p-diisobutyl or p-triisopropyl phenoxypolyethoxyethanol having approximately 9 to 11 ethoxy groups. Therapeutic agents may be added for their specific effect: specified are propylparahydroxybenzoate, oxyquinoline sulphate, procaine hydrochloride, butethamine formate and hydrochloride, sulphacetamide, p-nitrosulphathiazole, bacitracin, aureomycin hydrochloride, potassium penicillin. Diluents such as starch and sucrose may be added and the composition may be tabletted.  Many examples are given.