anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The purpose of this study is to find out if a drug interaction occurs when glyburide is taken with rifampin and fluconazole. Glyburide is an oral drug commonly used to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Rifampin is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis and a variety of other infections caused by certain germs called bacteria. Both drugs affect a protein found in your liver cells called organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). This protein regulates drugs getting into and out of your body. Fluconazole is commonly used to treat fungal infections like candidiasis, urinary tract infections and a variety of other infections caused by fungi. It interacts with glyburide by affecting your body's ability to breakdown glyburide. Since both rifampin and fluconazole play a role in the way glyburide enters and remains active in the body, we want to find out what effect taking the three drugs together has on the level of glyburide in the blood.
BACKGROUND: Advanced atrioventricular block (AVB), that is, higher than second-degree Mobitz-1, is an abnormal finding in athletes. Despite intensive investigation, in several cases the pathogenesis remains unknown, but frequently pacemaker implantation is still indicated. Increasing evidence points to circulating anti-Ro/Sjögren syndrome-related antigen A (SSA) antibodies cross-reacting with L-type calcium channel and inhibiting the related current as an epidemiologically relevant and potentially reversible cause of isolated AVB in adults. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Ro/SSA-associated advanced AVBs in a large sample of young athletes.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 2536 consecutive athletes aged <40 years without a history of cardiac diseases/interventions were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Resting and exercise electrocardiography was performed, and those presenting any AVB were further evaluated by 24-hour Holter ECG. Athletes with second-degree AVBs and their mothers underwent anti-Ro/SSA testing. Moreover, purified immunoglobulin G from subjects with anti-Ro/SSA-positive and anti-Ro/SSA-negative advanced AVB were tested on L-type calcium current and L-type-calcium channel expression using tSA201 cells. The global prevalence of advanced AVB in the overall sample was ≈0.1%, but the risk considerably increased (2%) when intensely trained postpubertal male subjects were selectively considered. While none of the athletes with advanced AVB showed heart abnormalities, in 100% of cases anti-Ro/SSA antibodies were detected. Ex vivo experiments showed that immunoglobulin G from anti-Ro/SSA-positive but not -negative subjects with advanced AVB acutely inhibit L-type calcium current and chronically downregulate L-type-calcium channel expression.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence that advanced AVB occurs in young athletes, in most cases associated with anti-Ro/SSA antibodies blocking L-type calcium channels. These findings may open new avenues for immunomodulating therapies to reduce the risk of life-threatening events in athletes, avoiding or delaying pacemaker implantation.
BACKGROUND: With the increasing prevalence of obesity, weight loss has become a critical issue in China. Self-managed weight loss through a mobile health (mHealth) app may be a prospective method. However, its practicability in different economic regions of China is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of self-managed weight loss through an mHealth app among individuals with obesity in different economic regions of China and to demonstrate the feasibility of online self-management for weight loss.
METHODS: A total of 165,635 Chinese adults who signed up for the mHealth app were included to analyze the body composition characteristics of individuals from different economic regions by χ2 analyses. Furthermore, 2 types of participants with obesity using mHealth monitoring, including 74,611 participants with a BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 and 22,903 participants with a normal BMI but an excessive percentage of body fat (PBF), were followed for 6 months to explore the weight loss and fat loss effects in different economic regions of China and to find independent predictors associated with weight loss success by 2-tailed Student t test and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: There were 32,129 users from low-income regions and 133,506 users from high-income regions. The proportion of users with obesity in low-income regions was higher than in high-income regions, both based on BMI (15,378/32,129, 47.9% vs 59,233/133,506, 44.4%; P<.001) and PBF classification (19,146/32,129, 59.6% vs 72,033/133,506, 54%; P<.001). Follow-up analyses showed that the weight loss effect among participants with overweight or obesity in low-income regions was greater than in high-income regions (mean -4.93, SD 6.41 vs mean -4.71, SD 6.14 kg; P<.001), while there was no significant difference in fat loss (mean -2.06%, SD 3.14% vs mean -2.04%, SD 3.19%; P=.54). In the population with normal-weight obesity, the weight loss (mean -2.42, SD 4.07 vs mean -2.23, SD 4.21 kg; P=.004) and fat loss effects (mean -1.43%, SD 2.73% vs mean -1.27%, SD 2.63%; P<.001) were stronger in high-income regions than in low-income regions. In addition, multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that age, baseline PBF, skeletal muscle rate, and measurement frequency were related to weight loss, whereas gender and baseline body metabolic rate only showed a correlation with weight loss in the population in high-income regions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study found a high proportion of mHealth app users with obesity in low-income regions. Individuals with overweight and obesity in different economic regions of China experienced significant weight loss and fat loss using an mHealth app. Moreover, individuals in high-income regions paid more attention to body fat and had better fat reduction effects. Therefore, promoting self-monitoring of weight and PBF through an mHealth app could be an important intervention that could be implemented across all regions of China.
Abstract The invention provides compositions or pharmaceutical compositions of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) of a parent compound, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPCs are capable of being converted to parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds such as metabolites after crossing one or more biological barriers and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds can. Additionally, the HPCs are capable of reaching areas that their parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. For example, HPCs of NSAIA have demonstrated indications such as treating hair loss and bold. A HPC can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate. -167-
The present invention relates to in vivo imaging and in particular to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical formulation suitable for use in an MRI procedure and which offers advantages over known such formulations. A particular dose of the pharmaceutical formulation of the invention is also envisioned as well as the use of said dose in a method of in vivo imaging. This present invention provides for simultaneous administration of a liver specific agent and a second MR contrast agent that is capable of better/further enhancing the dynamic vascular phase in a patient. The method of the invention has the advantage of simplicity and patient comfort, compared to sequential injections. Furthermore, the method of the invention provides the advantage that it can enable a lower cumulative dose of contrast agents.
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). This group will receive a portable battery-operated device, KneeHAB® XP (Bio-Medical Research, Galway, Ireland) with the thigh garment. NMES training will consist of 20-minute stimulation sessions performed concurrently with the HEP for 9 weeks; each 20-minute NMES session includes a 2-minute warm-up, a 15-minute work-out and a 3-minute cool down. NMES with the thigh garment will be used as the participant is performing the home exercises of stretching and combined open and closed chain exercises. Those in the NMES group will alternate HEP alone and NMES with HEP for a total of 62 sessions (31 sessions of NMES/HEP and 31 sessions HEP alone).
Eligible overweight/obese children and their overweight/obese parent (N=20 families) will receive the same telehealth diabetes prevention intervention based on Power to Prevent and delivered by a trained lifestyle coach. Families will meet weekly for 11-weeks (60-min sessions), and then monthly (60-min sessions) for 4 pilot behavioral reinforcement maintenance sessions (15 sessions total). Participants will meet in their respective groups (n=5 families per group) via videoconference using Wi-Fi-enabled tablets with cellular connectivity for the entire intervention. Sessions will consist of nutrition and physical activity behavior change strategies (20 min), problem solving and decision-making skills to circumvent barriers to behavioral change (20 min), and family goal setting and action planning (20 min). Assessment measures will be collected from the child and parent participants at baseline, 12-weeks (post-intervention), and 30-weeks (follow-up).
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial condition with diverse etiologies, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and genetic disorders, often culminating in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A hallmark of CKD progression is kidney fibrosis, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, for which there is currently no effective anti-fibrotic therapy. Recent literature highlights the critical role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling in CKD pathogenesis and renal fibrosis. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the latest findings on S1P metabolism and signaling in renal fibrosis and in specific CKDs, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), lupus nephritis (LN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), Fabry disease (FD), and IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Emerging studies underscore the therapeutic potential of modulating S1P signaling with receptor modulators and inhibitors, such as fingolimod (FTY720) and more selective agents like ozanimod and cenerimod. Additionally, the current knowledge about the effects of established kidney protective therapies such as glucocorticoids and SGLT2 and ACE inhibitors on S1P signaling will be summarized. Furthermore, the review highlights the potential role of S1P as a biomarker for disease progression in CKD models, particularly in Fabry disease and diabetic nephropathy. Advanced technologies, including spatial transcriptomics, are further refining our understanding of S1P's role within specific kidney compartments. Collectively, these insights emphasize the need for continued research into S1P signaling pathways as promising targets for CKD treatment strategies.
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), a leading cause of blindness in older adults, presents a challenging pathophysiology involving choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and retinal degeneration. Current treatments relying on intravitreal (IVT) administration of anti-angiogenic agents are costly and of moderate effectiveness. Metformin, the common anti-diabetic drug, has been associated with decreased odds of developing AMD. Studies have shown that metformin can mitigate cellular aging, neoangiogenesis, and inflammation across multiple diseases. This preclinical study assessed metformin's impact on vessel growth using choroidal explants before exploring IVT metformin's effects on laser-induced CNV and light-induced retinal degeneration in C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice, respectively. Metformin reduced new vessel growth in choroidal explants in a dose-dependent relationship. Following laser induction, IVT metformin suppressed CNV and decreased peripheral infiltration of IBA1+ macrophages/microglia. Furthermore, IVT metformin protected against retinal thinning in response to light-induced degeneration. IVT metformin downregulated genes in the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium which are associated with angiogenesis and inflammation, two key processes that drive nAMD progression. These findings underscore metformin's capacity as an anti-angiogenic and neuroprotective agent, demonstrating this drug's potential as an accessible option to help manage nAMD.
Participants will receive MEDI3617 on Days 1 and 15 with paclitaxel on Days 1, 8, and 15 via IV infusion in each cycle until unacceptable toxicity, documented disease progression, or other reasons. Each cycle consists of 28 days.
A composition for treating testicular atrophy and a preparation method thereof relate to the field of medicaments for treating testicular atrophy, in particular to a composition for treating testicular atrophy and a preparation method thereof. Aims to solve the problem that the effect of the existing platelet-rich plasma for treating testicular atrophy is not good. The composition comprises platelet lysate and BMSCs exosomes, wherein the volume ratio of the platelet lysate to the BMSCs exosomes is 1: 1. The invention prepares platelet lysate sPL and BMSCs exosome into a composition for promoting cell regeneration, and is used for improving and treating testis atrophy of rats. An sPL preparation method for increasing the secretion of growth factors for promoting the proliferation of EGF, bFGF and IGF-1 stem cells and a BMSCs culture method for high-expression miR-486-5p exosomes are searched by taking the activation and restoration of the function of the spermatogonial stem cells as entry points. The invention is used for treating testicular atrophy.
Provided are a carbocyclic nucleoside derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The carbocyclic nucleoside derivative or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is represented by chemical formula A. In the chemical formula A, R_1 and R_2 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, at least one is fluorine, and B is chemical formula B-1 or B-2. In the chemical formula B-1, X_1 is chlorine, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or an alkyl amino group, and Y_1 is hydrogen or an amino group. In the chemical formula B-2, X_2 is a hydroxyl group or an amino group, and Y_2 is hydrogen, a methyl group, or halogen. According to the present invention, the carbocyclic nucleoside derivative can be appropriately utilized to suppress virus and prevent viral diseases.
The present disclosure relates to the treatment, e.g. reduction, of body fat mass levels for example in overweight and obese subjects. The present disclosure also relates to weight control in a subject where obesity should be avoided. Disclosed herein are methods of reducing body fat mass e.g. reducing obesity or preventing weight gain and agents used in such methods whereby the agents inhibit a sulphur containing amino acid. Also included in the present disclosure include, without being limited to, methods for determining regimes for the treatment of obesity as well as other subject matter.
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of high-entropy nanoenzyme. The method takes acetylacetone ruthenium, acetylacetone rhodium, acetylacetone palladium, acetylacetone platinum, acetylacetone iridium and acetylacetone as raw materials. In a strong alkaline solvent, generating a polymer precursor through intermolecular polymerization, and obtaining the high-entropy nano enzyme by utilizing a calcination method. The method has the advantages of simple method, small and uniform size of the nano particles, adjustable density of the nano particles and the like, and the reaction system is not added with redundant solvent, thereby meeting the requirement of environmental protection. The preparation method of the high-entropy nano material provided by the invention can promote the further development of related researches of nano enzyme and high-entropy alloy. The high-entropy nano material prepared by the method has excellent peroxidase-like activity, can catalyze hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals with strong cytotoxicity, and therefore has good medical application prospects.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lyophilized pharmaceutical composition by including hirudine, a potassium phosphate and a saccharide to increase the stability of the hirudine. SOLUTION: This pharmaceutical composition is obtained by including (A) hirudine, (B) a potassium phosphate (e.g. dipotassium hydrogenphosphate) and (C) a saccharide (e.g. mannitol), wherein the component A which is a naturally occurring anticoagulant derived from leech, is not a single polypeptide species, but a class of polypeptides composed at least of four typical components named as: hirudine variant 1, hirudine variant 2, hirudine variant 3 and des-(Val)2- hirudine and acting simultaneously, and comprises hirudine (variant), desulfatohirudine (variant) or mutant thereof. The composition is produced by dissolving the components A, B and C in water to prepare an aqueous solution followed by lyophilizing the solution, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution prior to lyophilization is pref. 4-10.
Anodal or cathodal tDCS, 2 milliamps (mA) plus computerized naming treatment for 15 sessions (20 minutes per each 45 minute treatment session) over the course of 3-5 weeks.The electrical current will be administered to the right cerebellum. The stimulation will be delivered at an intensity of 2 mA for a maximum of 20 minutes. Language therapy will be a computer delivered naming +picture matching task.
Competence development in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is tightly intertwined with virulence. In addition to genes encoding genetic transformation machinery, the competence regulon also regulates the expression of allolytic factors, bacteriocins, and cytotoxins. Pneumococcal competence system has been extensively interrogated in vitro where the short transient competent state upregulates the expression of three distinct phases of "early," "late," and "delayed" genes. Recently, we have demonstrated that the pneumococcal competent state develops naturally in mouse models of pneumonia-derived sepsis. To unravel the underlying adaptive mechanisms driving the development of the competent state, we conducted a time-resolved transcriptomic analysis guided by the spatiotemporal live in vivo imaging system of competence induction during pneumonia-derived sepsis. Mouse lungs infected by the serotype 2 strain D39 expressing a competent state-specific reporter gene (D39-ssbB-luc) were subjected to RNA sequencing guided by monitoring the competence development at 0, 12, 24, and, at the moribund state, >40 hours post-infection (hpi). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the competence-specific gene expression patterns in vivo were distinct from those under in vitro conditions. There was significant upregulation of early, late, and some delayed phase competence-specific genes as early as 12 hpi, suggesting that the pneumococcal competence regulon is important for adaptation to the lung environment. Additionally, members of the histidine triad (pht) gene family were sharply upregulated at 12 hpi followed by a steep decline throughout the rest of the infection cycle, suggesting that Pht proteins participate in the early adaptation to the lung environment. Further analysis revealed that Pht proteins execute a metal ion-dependent regulatory role in competence induction.IMPORTANCEThe induction of pneumococcal competence for genetic transformation has been extensively studied in vitro but poorly understood during lung infection. We utilized a combination of live imaging and RNA sequencing to monitor the development of a competent state during acute pneumonia. Upregulation of competence-specific genes was observed as early as 12 hour post-infection, suggesting that the pneumococcal competence regulon plays an important role in adapting pneumococcus to the stressful lung environment. Among others, we report novel finding that the pneumococcal histidine triad (pht) family of genes participates in the adaptation to the lung environment and regulates pneumococcal competence induction.
BACKGROUND: Treatment for autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), idiopathic inflammatory myositis, and systemic sclerosis often involves long-term immune suppression. Resetting aberrant autoimmunity in these diseases through deep depletion of B cells is a potential strategy for achieving sustained drug-free remission.
METHODS: We evaluated 15 patients with severe SLE (8 patients), idiopathic inflammatory myositis (3 patients), or systemic sclerosis (4 patients) who received a single infusion of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells after preconditioning with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide. Efficacy up to 2 years after CAR T-cell infusion was assessed by means of Definition of Remission in SLE (DORIS) remission criteria, American College of Rheumatology-European League against Rheumatism (ACR-EULAR) major clinical response, and the score on the European Scleroderma Trials and Research Group (EUSTAR) activity index (with higher scores indicating greater disease activity), among others. Safety variables, including cytokine release syndrome and infections, were recorded.
RESULTS: The median follow-up was 15 months (range, 4 to 29). The mean (±SD) duration of B-cell aplasia was 112±47 days. All the patients with SLE had DORIS remission, all the patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis had an ACR-EULAR major clinical response, and all the patients with systemic sclerosis had a decrease in the score on the EUSTAR activity index. Immunosuppressive therapy was completely stopped in all the patients. Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome occurred in 10 patients. One patient each had grade 2 cytokine release syndrome, grade 1 immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, and pneumonia that resulted in hospitalization.
CONCLUSIONS: In this case series, CD19 CAR T-cell transfer appeared to be feasible, safe, and efficacious in three different autoimmune diseases, providing rationale for further controlled clinical trials. (Funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and others.).
Shaving creams, soaps and sticks, bubble baths and detergent compositions such as toilet soaps comprise, in addition to conventional ingredients, cellulose crystallite aggregates having an average level-off D.P. in the range 15 to 375 anhydroglucose units. A specific example relates to a shaving cream comprising sodium lauryl sulphate, oleic acid and triethanolamine in addition to the cellulose crystallite aggregate.ALSO:Cosmetic compositions of all types comprise cellulose crystallite aggregates, having an average level-off D.P. of from 15 to 375 and which preferably do not contain over 500 p.p.m. of ether-extractable components and which may have a particle size of from less than 1 micron to about 300 microns, and at least one active cosmetic ingredient in an amount sufficient to impart its cosmetic effect.  The compositions, which may be solid, liquid or in "gel" form, may be suitable for use inter alia as a cream, lotion, powder, deodorant, depilatory, sunscreen, lipstick, mascara, rouge, suntan, antiperspirant or dentifrice and may comprise the materials conventionally employed in their formulation in addition to the cellulose material.
Intensive Mobility Training will be used as an intensive physical therapy intervention. Participants will receive 3 hours per day for a 10 day session, be post-tested, and receive another 10 day session followed by two more testing sessions.