anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Polymerized hemoglobin is injurious to the red cell membrane, resulting in oxidative damage in sickle cell disease . Fetal hemoglobin is protective against sickling and its decrease is associated with vaso-occlusive crisis . Gum Arabic is soluble fibers with prebiotic properties. It increased the level of serum butyrate which is short chain fatty acid. The latter proved to serve as fetal hemoglobin inducing agent both in vivo and in vitro study. And also has strong anti-inflammatory properties. So our aim to test whether oral digestion of Gum Arabic will induce fetal hemoglobin among sickle cell pediatric patients
Participants will receive iGlarLixi once daily for 20 weeks. iGlarLixi is to be initiated with the starting daily dose of 5-10 dose steps on Visit 4 (Day 1) and will be titrated according to fasting SMBG to achieve glycemic target of ≥80 and ≤110 mg/dL.
Compounds of the general formula <FORM:0971164/C1/1> wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-5 alkyl radical, R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl radical or an alkaline earth, alkali metal or ammonium cation and R3 is a hydrogen atom or a C2-5 acyl radical may be prepared by reacting the appropriate a -bromo-aliphatic acid with acetoxime to form the corresponding a -isopropylideneaminooxy aliphatic acid (racemic) which may be resolved by fractional crystallization of the ephedrine salt.  The optical isomers may be converted to the corresponding a -aminooxy aliphatic acids by steam distillation with concentrated HCl and these acids may be converted to the hydrobromides by steam distillation with 20% HBr.  The acids (in hemihydrochloride form) may be converted to the alkyl esters by reaction with the appropriate alkanol in the presence of HCl gas and to the corresponding a -acylminooxy aliphatic acids by reaction with the appropriate acid anhydride. Alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal salts of the aminooxy aliphatic acids may be prepared by reacting the acid with the appropriate alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline-earth metal salt sodium hydroxide.ALSO:Pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions useful in the treatment of stress and mental diseases including epilepsy comprise a carrier and a compound of general formula <FORM:0971164/A5-A6/1> wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-5 alkyl radical, R2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkaline earth or alkali metal cation (including substituted and unsubstituted ammonium) a a C1-5 alkyl radical and R3 is a C2-5 acyl radical, or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.  The preferred compound is amino-oxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride and in compounds wherein stereoisomeresin occurs the laevo form is preferred to the racemic mixture.  The compositions may be in conventional unit dosage forms for oral or parenteral administration, e.g. tablets, pills, elixirs, solutions, suspensions and premixes with animal feeds.  As optional active ingredients which may be included in the compositions there are mentioned numerous reductions, e.g. barbiturates; ataractics, e.g. reserpine, ectylurea, chlorpromazine, meprobamate, prochlorperazine, promazine, azacyclonol and phenaglycodol; analgesics, e.g. aspirin, phenacetin, salicylamide, and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol; anticonvulsants, e.g. diphenylhydantoin, paramethadione, phenylacetylurea, phensuxamide, primadone and trimethadone, vitamins and chlline chloride.
Randomization will occur following the diagnostic renal angiogram. Blinded patients randomized to treatment will receive the renal denervation procedure using PRDS-001 System to deliver ultrasound energy to thermally ablate and disrupt the renal sympathetic nerves while sparing the renal arterial wall.
ALI/ARDS is a life-threatening condition that involves inflammation of the lungs and fluid accumulation in the air sacs, which leads to low blood oxygen levels and respiratory failure. Common causes include pneumonia, septic shock, and lung trauma. Symptoms usually develop within 24 to 48 hours of the original injury or illness, and most patients require immediate care in an intensive care unit (ICU). The main form of treatment for ALI/ARDS is the delivery of oxygen and a continuous level of pressure to the damaged lungs through mechanical ventilation. Past research has shown that lower tidal volume ventilation (LTVV), a protective ventilator management technique in which lower volumes of oxygen are administered, improves short-term clinical outcomes in individuals with ALI/ARDS. However, the long-term impact of LTVV remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of LTVV on long-term outcomes in individuals with ALI/ARDS.

This study will enroll individuals admitted to an ICU who have been recently diagnosed with ALI/ARDS. Once enrolled, participants' medical records will be reviewed for demographic and medical information. Participants will be examined to determine level of cognition and delirium. Questionnaires will be used to assess the participant's status prior to ICU admittance, including level of hearing, physical functioning, quality of life, employment, and living status. Questionnaires will be given to participants as well as a close contact to increase the reliability of feedback. While in the ICU, participants will receive normal clinical care. Data on laboratory tests, mechanical ventilator settings, arterial blood gas values, and medical status will be collected throughout the ICU stay. Information regarding the medical staff-to-patient ratio and the use of different medical treatments and therapies will also be collected by reviewing medical records and interviewing nurses. Follow-up evaluations, lasting approximately four hours each, will occur 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months following the ALI/ARDS diagnosis. At each follow-up visit, participants will undergo a physical examination, and standardized surveys and tests will be used to assess medical outcomes, organ impairment, pulmonary function, mental function, and quality of life. If participants are unable to return to the research clinic for the follow-up evaluations, visits may occur at their home or over the phone.

The original 2-year follow-up duration, for which participants were consented, was subsequently extended to allow 5-year follow-up. In recruiting these previously consented participants into the 5-year follow-up extension, they will be randomized to selected recruitment strategies (e.g., different mailing and telephone strategies) in order to gain insight regarding the most effective methods of recruiting participants.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an immunopotentiator free from any side effects and having higher immunopotentiating ability.  <P>SOLUTION: This immunopotentiator comprises, as active ingredients, a cultured product comprising β-1,3-1,6-glucan that is obtained by culturing fungi belonging to Aureobasidium sp. and lactobacillus. In this immunopotentiator, the fungi belonging to Aureobasidium sp. is preferably Aureobasidium pullulans M-1(FERM P-19213) and it is preferable that the lactobacillus is Enterococcus faecalis and has been subjected to heat sterilization.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder with a substantial socioeconomic burden with a global prevalence rate of 16%. The underlying pathophysiology of depression is still not understood completely. Among the different proposed hypotheses, the most accepted is the monoamine hypothesis which is the basis of most of the available drugs like tricyclic antidepressants, Monoamine oxidase Inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Although many medications are available, a significant proportion of patients become either non-responders or treatment-resistant depression patients.

Another major concern is the therapeutic lag period with all of these monoaminergic antidepressants. Additionally, most of the available antidepressant drugs have many adverse effects, which increase with increments in dose. The discovery of the rapid and sustained antidepressant effect of subanesthetic dose of ketamine, especially in the treatment of non-responders and treatment-resistant cases leads to many extensive clinical and preclinical research in the recent past. As repeated doses of ketamine are related to abusive potential and many other adverse effects, the search for a similar antidepressant agent is going on, which acts via a similar mechanism with a better safety profile. Dextromethorphan, an FDA-approved over-the-counter antitussive drug, has a similar property of non-competitively blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors of glutamate, like ketamine. Additionally, Dextromethorphan has serotonin transporter inhibitory and NET inhibitory properties, so it can also increase the availability of serotonin in synapses, hence may achieve a synergistic effect with SSRIs. In 2010, US-FDA approved Dextromethorphan plus quinidine (Nuedexta) for use in pseudobulbar affect (PBA), and currently, it is under investigation as a potential antidepressant agent in MDD (NCT01882829, NCT02153502). In the phase, IIa clinical trial by Murrough et al. have reported acceptable tolerability and efficacy of dextromethorphan/quinidine combination in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Another combination of Dextromethorphan and bupropion is currently in phase III clinical trial for TRD. In the present background, the investigators hypothesize that the major concerns of antidepressant therapy like therapeutic latency, lack of efficacy, and adverse drug reactions may be overcome by adding Dextromethorphan to SSRI in MDD. As SSRIs inhibit CYP2D6, the addition of quinidine with Dextromethorphan may not be reasonable and hence, not considered in the present study. The literature search found that to date, there is no randomized controlled trial on Dextromethorphan as an add-on therapy to first-line antidepressants like SSRIs. So, the present randomized controlled trial has been planned to evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on dextromethorphan to SSRIs in major depressive disorder.
Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a serious condition that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. However, the current criteria for assessing the severity of AKI may not adequately capture the heterogeneity of this condition. This can lead to difficulties in identifying treatment effects in specific patient subgroups, which may contribute to the growing number of negative interventional trials in AKI. To address this issue, researchers have developed and validated two subphenotypes of AKI: resolving and nonresolving. These subphenotypes are based on the trajectory of serum creatinine (SCr) levels in the first 3 days after hospital presentation. By stratifying AKI patients based on these subphenotypes, we can better assess their risk and predict outcomes.

Several novel biomarkers have been developed to aid in the early detection of AKI, discrimination of its underlying causes, and prediction of outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether these biomarkers can accurately predict the development of a nonresolving AKI subphenotype. In our present study, we aim to address this gap in knowledge by conducting a large cohort study. Our goal is to identify and validate novel biomarkers that can effectively detect the resolving subphenotype of AKI, as well as predict major adverse kidney events and other poor outcomes.
The exercise intervention is a 12-week program involving 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise (65-69% of participant's age-predicted \[220-age\] maximum heart rate) each week. Participants will complete one 50-minute supervised treadmill exercise session in the laboratory and 100 minutes of exercise on their own. These exercises may include walking, jogging, biking, or other forms of aerobic exercise. The at-home exercise regimen will be individualized for each participant.
BACKGROUND: Tumor heterogeneity presents a formidable challenge in understanding the mechanisms driving tumor progression and metastasis. The heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cellular level is not clear.
METHODS: Integration analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data and spatial transcriptomics data was performed. Multiple methods were applied to investigate the subtype of HCC tumor cells. The functional characteristics, translation factors, clinical implications and microenvironment associations of different subtypes of tumor cells were analyzed. The interaction of subtype and fibroblasts were analyzed.
RESULTS: We established a heterogeneity landscape of HCC malignant cells by integrated 52 single-cell RNA sequencing data and 5 spatial transcriptomics data. We identified three subtypes in tumor cells, including ARG1+ metabolism subtype (Metab-subtype), TOP2A+ proliferation phenotype (Prol-phenotype), and S100A6+ pro-metastatic subtype (EMT-subtype). Enrichment analysis found that the three subtypes harbored different features, that is metabolism, proliferating, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Trajectory analysis revealed that both Metab-subtype and EMT-subtype originated from the Prol-phenotype. Translation factor analysis found that EMT-subtype showed exclusive activation of SMAD3 and TGF-β signaling pathway. HCC dominated by EMT-subtype cells harbored an unfavorable prognosis and a deserted microenvironment. We uncovered a positive loop between tumor cells and fibroblasts mediated by SPP1-CD44 and CCN2/TGF-β-TGFBR1 interaction pairs. Inhibiting CCN2 disrupted the loop, mitigated the transformation to EMT-subtype, and suppressed metastasis.
CONCLUSION: By establishing a heterogeneity landscape of malignant cells, we identified a three-subtype classification in HCC. Among them, S100A6+ tumor cells play a crucial role in metastasis. Targeting the feedback loop between tumor cells and fibroblasts is a promising anti-metastatic strategy.
Adult participants from Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan with high-risk localized prostate cancer (HR LPC) who received radical prostatectomy (RP) and perioperative (neoadjuvant and/ or adjuvant) hormonal therapy will be observed from the date of confirmed HR LPC diagnosis until death, lost to follow-up (last known visit), or end of study period, whichever comes first. This study will utilize data from electronic medical records (EMR) in South Korea and Taiwan, and data from chart reviews in Japan. Data will be analyzed retrospectively from 1 January 2015 to 30 June 2017, with a follow-up till 30 June 2022.
NEW MATERIAL:A single stranded plasminogen activator collected from the tissue culture liquid of the cell originated from the normal tissue of man. Molecular weight, 63,000+ or -10,000; isoelectric point 7-8.5; optimum pH, 7-9.5; having affinity of fibrin and concanavalin A; essentially resistant to decomposition by reduction. USE:Thromobolytic agent, antithrombic agent for artificial vessel, etc., and diagnotic for thrombosis, etc. It has 30 times stronger thrombolytic activity than urokinase, and is effective at a small dose. It is administered preferably at a dose of 50-1,000,000 unit/day by intravenous injection. PREPARATION:Cell originated from normal human tissue (e.g. kidney, intestine, lung, etc. of human fetus) is cultured, separated and purified in the presence of a proteinase inhibitor. The titled novel substance can be prepared selectively by this process. The separation and purification can be carried out by conventional process of protein chemistry, especially by using a specific antibody.
The aim of the current study is to test the acceptability and efficacy of an updated digital app for IBS patients. The design of the study is experimental. There will be two experimental groups, an immediate treatment group and an active control group. Once consented and enrolled, participants will be randomly assigned to either the immediate treatment group or the active control group by the coin toss feature of random.org. Participants in the immediate treatment group will be able to download the app at no cost. Participants in the control group will be given access to an education and relaxation training control app at no cost to them. At 8 weeks after enrollment, all participants in both groups will receive a battery of follow-up questionnaires (the same that they answered directly after consenting in the beginning of the study as baseline measures). Upon receipt of the 8 week questionnaire data, participants in the control group will be given access to the Zemedy app. After having had access to the app for 8 weeks, control participants will be asked to complete another set of questionnaires. All participants will receive 3 month post-treatment follow-up questionnaires. The research method is experimental, cross over (randomized controlled trial) with a control control. Participation in the study will last approximately 4.5 months, depending on the subjects willingness to participate and rate of completion.
PURPOSE:To separate and concentrate vitamin E compounds, especially alpha- tocopherol, from fresh vegetable tissue, without loss, in high efficiency, by a combination of the extraction with a specific solvent and the treatment with an ion exchange material. CONSTITUTION:A vegetable tissue containing vitamin E compounds (e.g. gramineous plant or arecaceous plant, especially leaves and stalks having high alpha- tocopherol content) is thoroughly crushed, and the exuded syrup is removed e.g. by pressure filtration, etc. The residue is mixed with a non-polar organic solvent which is water-insoluble and forms azeotropic mixture with water (e.g. n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), and the mixture is heated at the azeotropic temperature to extract the vitamin E compounds to the solvent while removing the residual water by azeotropic distillation. The solution is separated by filtration, etc., and the solvent in the solution is distilled off to obtain the concentrate. The concentrate is heated in the presence of a lower alcohol to remove the alcohol-insoluble resinous material, and the resultant solution is treated with an ion exchange material (preferably a basic anion exchange material) to obtain concentrated vitamin E compound.
Multidimensional health function impairments are common in older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to explore whether the risk or severity of geriatric syndrome increased with a decline in renal function. This survey was conducted for CKD patients aged  ≥ 60 years and hospitalized at West China Hospital of Sichuan University (Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Nephrology, and Endocrinology) and Chengdu Kangfu Kidney Disease Hospital from September 01, 2013 to June 30, 2014. Patients underwent multidimensional individualized assessments by trained doctors. Logistic regression analysis found that the risk of assisted walking (P = 0.001) and urinary incontinence (P = 0.039) increased with a decline in renal function. Regression analysis revealed that the scores of activities of daily living (P = 0.024), nutritional status (P = 0.000), total social support (P = 0.014), and objective support (P = 0.000) decreased with a decline in renal function.
PCT No. PCT/US93/06916 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 24, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 24, 1995 PCT Filed Jul. 23, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/02475 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 3, 1994Compounds   <IMAGE>   are useful for enhancing synaptic responses mediated by AMPA receptors are disclosed, as are methods for the preparation thereof and methods for their use for treatment of subjects suffering from impaired nervous or intellectual functioning due to deficiencies in the number of excitatory synapses or in the number of AMPA receptors. The invention compounds can also be used for the treatment of non-impaired subjects for enhancing performance in sensory-motor and cognitive tasks which depend on brain networks utilizing AMPA receptors and for improving memory encoding.
Naratriptan tablets, USP contain naratriptan hydrochloride USP, a selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Naratriptan hydrochloride, USP is chemically designated as N-methyl-3-(1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-1H-indole-5-ethanesulfonamide monohydrochloride, and it has the following structure:

The empirical formula is C17H25N3O2S•HCl, representing a molecular weight of 371.93. Naratriptan hydrochloride, USP is a white to pale yellow powder that is sparingly soluble in water.

Each naratriptan tablet, USP for oral administration contains 1.11 or 2.78 mg of naratriptan hydrochloride USP, equivalent to 1 or 2.5 mg of naratriptan, respectively. Each tablet also contains the inactive ingredients croscarmellose sodium, anhydrous lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, opadry white (1 mg tablet) and opadry green (2.5 mg tablet). The components of opadry white are hypromellose, triacetin, and titanium dioxide. The components of opadry green are hypromellose, triacetin, titanium dioxide, iron oxide yellow, and FD&C Blue No. 2.
Methods and systems for assisting a patient to reprogram parameters of an implantable medical device, such as a spinal cord stimulator, are disclosed. A patient may use an external controller, which may be either a dedicated device or a personal computing device, to interact with their implantable medical device and evaluate the efficacy of their therapy. If the efficacy diminishes, the patient may use their external controller to adjust either the neural dosage (i.e., frequency, pulse width, and/or amplitude) and/or the location at which stimulation is provided. A reprogramming assistant is provided, which guides the patient in adjusting their stimulation using their external controller. The patient may use supra-perception or sub-perception stimulation for the adjustment. The implantable medical device may include pre-programmed “rescue programs” to assist the patient in recovering the efficacy of their therapy.
The sham protocol will be delivered to each patient of this arm imitating the exat sound of the equipment and structure of the experimental arms. After rTMS sham, patients will be submitted to 45 minutes of neurofunctional physiotherapy. Experimental sessions will be repeated five times per week for two weeks.
Pediatric Use: Use of cyclopentolate has been associated with psychotic reactions and behavioral disturbances in pediatric patients. Increased susceptibility to cyclopentolate has been reported in infants, young children, and in children with spastic paralysis or brain damage. These disturbances include ataxia, incoherent speech, restlessness, hallucinations, hyperactivity, seizures, disorientation as to time and place, and failure to recognize people. Feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants may follow ophthalmic use of this product. Cases of NEC have been reported in preterm infants following administration; however, causality has not been established. It is recommended that feeding be withheld for four (4) hours after examination. Observe infants closely for at least 30 minutes (see WARNINGS).