anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: pharmaceutics.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the pharmaceutical industry, namely to the treatment of cancer selected from bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer, with a composition derived from a whole Ambrosia maritime or Ambrosia hispida plant. A method for producing an extract containing sesquiterpene lactones for the treatment of bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer includes: a) processing of the whole Ambrosia maritime or Ambrosia hispida plant with a polar organic solvent, in which one or more sesquiterpene lactones are soluble; b) evaporation of the polar organic solvent to obtain an unrefined extract; c) processing of the unrefined extract by chromatography using chloroform to obtain a purified extract of the specified one or more sesquiterpene lactones; and d) collection of fractions of individual one or more sesquiterpene lactones. A composition for the treatment of cancer selected from bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer contains an organic extract of Ambrosia maritima or Ambrosia hispida obtained by the above-described method together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A method for the treatment of cancer selected from bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer includes administration to a patient suffering from cancer of the effective amount of the composition together with the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A method for the treatment of cancer selected from bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer includes the administration to a patient suffering from cancer of the effective amount of the composition containing sesquiterpene lactones extracted from Ambrosia hispida together with the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A method for reducing cancer metastasis includes the administration to a patient suffering from cancer of the effective amount of the composition containing sesquiterpene lactones extracted from Ambrosia maritima, while the specified cancer is bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer.EFFECT: above-described group of inventions is effective for the treatment of cancer selected from bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer.10 cl, 28 dwg, 4 tbl
Placebo Administration. Family Health International (FHI) statisticians randomly assigned each participant an allocation number and then subsequently assigned a unique vial identification number for the vial of vaccine the participant should receive at each visit. A single participant could not be assigned more than 1 allocation number.
OBJECTIVE: Smoking was a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study plan to explore the mechanism of Polyphyllin B in lung injury induced by cigarette smoke (CSE) in COPD.
METHODS: Network pharmacology and molecular docking were applied to analyze the potential binding targets for Polyphyllin B and COPD. Commercial unfiltered CSE and LPS were used to construct BEAS-2B cell injury in vitro and COPD mouse models in vivo, respectively, which were treated with Polyphyllin B or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). CCK8, LDH and calcein-AM were used to detect the cell proliferation, LDH level and labile iron pool. Lung histopathology, Fe3+ deposition and mitochondrial morphology were observed by hematoxylin-eosin, Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscope, respectively. ELISA was used to measure inflammation and oxidative stress levels in cells and lung tissues. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were applied to analyze the 4-HNE, LC3 and Ferritin expression. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of FcRn, pIgR, STAT3 and NCOA4. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Ferritin, p-STAT3/STAT3, NCOA4, GPX4, TLR2, TLR4 and P65 proteins. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was applied to detect the gut microbiota.
RESULTS: Polyphyllin B had a good binding affinity with STAT3 protein, which as a target gene in COPD. Polyphyllin B inhibited CS-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial damage, and ferritinophagy in COPD mice. 16S rRNA sequencing and FMT confirmed that Akkermansia and Escherichia_Shigella might be the potential microbiota for Polyphyllin B and FMT to improve CSE and LPS-induced COPD, which were exhausted by the antibiotics in C + L and C + L + P mice. CSE and LPS induced the decrease of cell viability and the ferritin and LC3 expression, and the increase of NCOA4 and p-STAT3 expression in BEAS-2B cells, which were inhibited by Polyphyllin B. Polyphyllin B promoted ferritin and LC3II/I expression, and inhibited p-STAT3 and NCOA4 expression in CSE + LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells.
CONCLUSION: Polyphyllin B improved gut microbiota disorder and inhibited STAT3/NCOA4 pathway to ameliorate lung tissue injury in CSE and LPS-induced mice.
Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease from the group of CAG repeat/polyglutamine diseases and is characterized by a triad of psychiatric alterations, dementia and motor dysfunction. On a sub-cellular level, a mutation with extended CAG tri-nucleotide repeats has been identified as the cause of HD. The therapeutic effects of certain substances can be tested on neurotoxically-induced or transgenic animal models with expanded CAG-repeats. In the present invention, transgenic rats were generated and characterized for human HD. Said rat model for human HD and other diseases of the CNS carries 51 CAG repeats under the control of a rat promoter and has a slow progressive neurological phenotype, closely reflecting human HD syndrome. The comparability of the rat model in relation to human HD is characterized by neuropathological, neuroradiological and neurochemical modifications accompanied by typical behavioral symptoms.
This is an observational study of how patients with Parkinson's disease take their medication. Antiparkinson medication will be monitored using electronic pill bottles, MEMS, Aardex®, Switzerland (which contain a microprocessor in the cap that records the time and date of bottle openings). This gives information about the amount of prescribed medication taken (total compliance), the percentage of days when the correct number of doses is taken (daily compliance), and the percentage of doses taken at the correct time interval (timing compliance).

Five countries will be involved, (UK, Germany, Italy, Spain and France). The total number of patients recruited across Europe will be 144. The study size has been calculated based on a single centre study in Glasgow where 2/3 of 120 patients were scheduled to undergo electronic monitoring as part of a different study design. Accordingly data is available which has informed the expected number of patients completing the study (around a 10% drop out rate) and in order to test 6 key variables with potential influence on therapy compliance and using the general statistical guide that between 10 and 20 patients should be studied per variable to be examined, a sample size of around 120 evaluable patients has been calculated.
Period 1 will be fed, then washout, then Period 2 will be fasted. A different dose of PC14586 will be tested.
Syndesmotic injuries are common and often associated with unstable ankle fractures. The most common treatment is with a syndesmotic screw through the fibula and tibia which is later removed, usually after 10-12 weeks. The ZipTight suture endobutton (Biomet) is used for the same indication. It does not need removal and thus avoids subsequent surgery. This trial will compare these two methods and see if they are equal.

patients 18-70 years presenting to one of the three hospitals with and acute syndesmotic injury are eligible for inclusion. 120 patients are randomized to two treatment groups. One group will be treated with a ZipTight suture endobutton fixation and the other receives a tricortical screw fixation. Neither suture endobutton or screw is routinely removed. Follow up intervals are at 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months with clinical and-points. Standardized CT scans are taken postoperatively and at 12 and 24 months.
Patients will receive Botulinum Toxin-A (Botox) injected in the puborectalis muscle and external anal sphincter. We will use 100 units of Botox, a dose with a good safety profile that has been proven to work in previous studies performed in adults.
Participants in this group will receive Spencer's muscle energy technique along with conventional therapy and home exercise plan. 3 sessions per week will be given for 4 weeks.
Surgeons strive for the best possible outcome of their surgeries with the greatest possible chance for recovery of the patients. Therefore, monitoring and quality improvement is increasingly important in surgery. For this purpose, different concepts were developed with the aim to assess best achievable results for several surgical procedures and reduce unwarranted variation between different centers. The concept of a benchmark establishes reference values which represents the best possible outcome of high-volume centers and can be used for comparison and improvement. In the past years, the concept of benchmarking attaches greater importance in the field of healthcare, especially in surgery. Benchmark values are established within a patients' cohort for which the best possible outcome can be expected. To date, no valid concept exists to describe the outcome of patients after transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas. The aim of our study is the establishment of robust and standardized outcome references after transsphenoidal surgery. After successful implantation of benchmarks from an international cohort of renowned centers, these data serve as reference values for the evaluation of novel surgical techniques and comparisons among centers or future clinical trials.
The membrane-delimited receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is expressed in the intestine, collaborates with broad neutral amino acid transporter 1 (B0AT1). Tryptophan (Trp) is transported into intestinal epithelial cells by ACE2 and B0AT1. However, whether ACE2 and its binding protein B0AT1 are involved in Trp-mediated alleviation of intestinal injury is largely unknown. Here, we used weaned piglets and IPEC-J2 cells as models and found that ACE2/B0AT1 alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced diarrhea and promoted intestinal barrier recovery via transport of Trp. The levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways were altered by ACE2. Dietary Trp supplementation in LPS-treated weaned piglets revealed that Trp alleviated diarrhea by promoting ACE2/B0AT1 expression, and examination of intestinal morphology revealed that the damage to the intestinal barrier was repaired. Our study demonstrated that ACE2 accompanied by B0AT1 mediated the alleviation of diarrhea by Trp through intestinal barrier repair via the mTOR pathway.
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy involves major adaptations in renal haemodynamics, tubular, and endocrine functions. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Uromodulin is a nephron-derived protein that is associated with hypertension and kidney diseases. Here we study the role of urinary uromodulin excretion in hypertensive pregnancy.
METHODS: Urinary uromodulin was measured by ELISA in 146 pregnant women with treated chronic hypertension (n = 118) and controls (n = 28). We studied non-pregnant and pregnant Wistar Kyoto and Stroke Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (n = 8/strain), among which a group of pregnant Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive rats was treated with either nifedipine (n = 7) or propranolol (n = 8).
RESULTS: In pregnant women, diagnosis of chronic hypertension, increased maternal body mass index, Black maternal ethnicity and elevated systolic blood pressure at the first antenatal visit were significantly associated with a lower urinary uromodulin-to-creatinine ratio. In rodents, pre-pregnancy urinary uromodulin excretion was twofold lower in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive rats than in Wistar Kyoto rats. During pregnancy, the urinary uromodulin excretion rate gradually decreased in Wistar Kyoto rats (a twofold decrease), whereas a 1.5-fold increase was observed in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive rats compared to pre-pregnancy levels. Changes in uromodulin were attributed by kidney injury in pregnant rats. Neither antihypertensive changed urinary uromodulin excretion rate in pregnant Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive rats.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we demonstrate pregnancy-associated differences in urinary uromodulin: creatinine ratio and uromodulin excretion rate between chronic hypertensive and normotensive pregnancies. Further research is needed to fully understand uromodulin physiology in human pregnancy and establish uromodulin's potential as a biomarker for renal adaptation and renal function in pregnancy.
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) represent the ectopic aggregations of immune cells arising during chronic inflammation or tumor progression. In cancer, TLS are often associated with beneficial clinical outcomes in patients undergoing immunotherapy, underscoring their prognostic and predictive significance. Mature TLS, characterized by germinal centers and areas of T-cell and B-cell aggregation, are considered primary locations for activating and maintaining both humoral and cellular anti-tumor immune effects. Despite their recognized importance, the mechanisms driving the formation of mature TLS in cancer and their influence on the immune response within tumors remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively explore the structural composition, development mechanisms, maturity impact factors, immunological function, and innovative therapeutic strategies of mature TLS within the tumor microenvironment. The research summarized herein offers novel insights and considerations for therapeutic approaches to promote TLS generation and maturation in patients with cancer, representing a promising avenue for future cancer therapies.
Cognitive impairment, which is highly prevalent, especially among older people, leads to a decrease in the quality of life of patients, impairment of daily activities, and an increased risk of dementia and mortality. Currently, much attention is paid to mild cognitive impairment. The article discusses diagnostic criteria and possible clinical variants of this syndrome. Given the high rate of progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia, it is necessary to identify risk groups and carry out therapeutic preventive measures. Correction of potentially modifiable risk factors is considered as a promising direction of therapy. Sufficient physical and mental activity, proper diet, normalization of sleep, visual acuity and hearing are necessary. Preventing stroke and controlling vascular risk factors may reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment progressing to dementia.
CPAP is administered through a binasal tube fitted with a Benveniste gas jet administered with humified airflow. Start flow is 12-14 l/min and can be changed to maximum 15 or minimum 12 l/min. Oxygen can be supplied as needed to keep SpO2 (peripheral capillary Oxygen saturation) within acceptable limits.
Embodiments of the invention include coated medical devices that can elute one or more bioactive agents within the body, and methods for producing the same.  In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of forming a coated medical device including depositing a coated composition onto a medical device having a roughened segment and a smooth segment. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of forming a coated implantable medical device including depositing a coated composition onto a medical device having a body segment and a piercing segment. In an embodiment, the invention includes a medical device, a coated composition provided on the substrate surface, the composition including a bioactive agent and a polymer. The medical device includes an uncoated component wherein the edge of the coated composition is within 0.5 mm of the uncoated component. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method for disposing a coated composition on a medical device with an ultrasonically atomized spray stream including moving a spray stream in a pattern having a plurality of transverse sweeps and a plurality of longitudinal movements.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major public health problems in the USA and worldwide. Yoga has been proven effective in numerous studies to improve cardiovascular risk factors, with a reduction in the risk of heart attacks and strokes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulators of metabolism by playing a crucial role in cholesterol and lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, insulin and glucose homeostasis. Yoga has been shown to induce a dynamic shift in miRNAs and reset their target genes expression associated with metabolites and pathways connected to CVD and MetS to a normal physiological state. 120 subjects will be included in the study. After recruitment, subjects will be randomized to one of two groups: Yoga (n=60) or Control (n=60) group. Patients randomized to Yoga, will practice yoga poses in a chair for 30 min at least 3 days a week by watching video instruction for 16 weeks. Control group patients will follow standard of care (SOC) treatment. At the enrollment day and at the 16-weeks follow-up visit, 15ml of blood will be collected from all participants for miRNAs expression profile.
The project recruits prenatal and postnatal care providers in 12 Michigan counties. his project will develop and test a scale-up focused implementation approach for addressing pregnancy-related and -associated morbidity and mortality (PRAMM) disparities. Previous efforts have shown that use of hospital- focused maternal safety bundles are an important part of successful efforts to reduce PRAMM. However, overall quality of obstetric care improved in these efforts without any effect on disparities. Thus, unlike previous efforts, the proposed project will implement quality improvement bundles that: (1) focus on PRAMM disparities; and (2) focus on community care (i.e., care provided outside the hospital in outpatient and other community settings) and coordination among care settings. Given that 83% of U.S. pregnancy-related and pregnancy-associated deaths occur during pregnancy or postpartum (rather than around the time of delivery), outpatient and community efforts are vital. Bundles (the evidence-based practices to be implemented) are developed by the national Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health Community Care Initiative (AIM-CCI), and include "Community care for postpartum safety and wellness," and "Community care for maternal mental health," "Chronic conditions," and "Intimate partner violence" bundles. All bundles target PRAMM disparities. • Aim 1 of the proposed project will analyze bundle implementation experiences in 2 counties to develop a county-wide scale-up focused implementation approach for the bundles in partnership with stakeholders date to create and manualize a scale-up implementation intervention. • Aim 2 will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the scale-up implementation intervention using a stepped wedge design in 12 Michigan counties with a total population of nearly 6 million people. PRAMM outcomes (individual level) will be extracted from a pre-existing statewide linked dataset. The sample for these analyses will include all Medicaid insured individuals in the 12 counties observed during pregnancy, at birth, and up to 1 year postpartum during the project period (\~151,920 births, including \~49,110 births to African American and/or Hispanic mothers). Implementation outcomes (provider-level) include scale-up (penetration, reach, control for delivery, and intervention effectiveness at scale) and sustainment (maintenance of fidelity to core elements, health benefits, and capacity to deliver core elements over time). This project is innovative because it: (1) is the first controlled implementation trial to test approaches to implementing quality improvement bundles that: (a) specifically target PRAMM disparities; and (b) focus on community care; (2) advances the science of scale-up (it is the first study to test scale- up or sustainment implementation approaches to addressing maternal morbidity/mortality disparities); and (3) works to improve services across many (vs. a single) health systems. The project is significant because the field needs to reach pregnant people at scale, and scale-up is an understudied aspect of implementation science.
OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is frequently encountered in the hospital setting. The recent guidelines for the management of inpatient hyperglycemia have included the use of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors as an alternative to standard insulin therapy in select patients. This raises the question of the inpatient use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), which have gained increasing popularity in the outpatient setting because of beneficial cardiovascular and renal outcomes. This article describes the risks associated with the use of SGLT2i for the management of inpatient hyperglycemia.
METHODS: A literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar for studies assessing the inpatient use of SGLT2i. Search terms included "SGLT2 inhibitors," "euglycemic DKA," "inpatient hyperglycemia," "DPP4 inhibitors," "hypovolemia," and "urinary tract infections." Studies not written in English were excluded. Forty-eight articles were included.
RESULTS: Review of the literature showed significant safety concerns with the use of SGLT2i for the inpatient management of hyperglycemia. Hospitalized patients treated with SGLT2i were at increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis, euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, hypovolemia, and urinary tract infections. When compared head-to-head, SGLT2i were not more effective for inpatient glycemic control than dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and did not reduce insulin requirements when used in combination with insulin. Although SGLT2i can be considered for the treatment of congestive heart failure, they should be started close to or at the time of discharge.
CONCLUSION: Although SGLT2i are a preferred pharmacotherapy class for the outpatient management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, there are considerable safety concerns when using them in a hospital setting, and avoidance is recommended.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antiprotozoan agent, capable of preventing infection of diseases transmitted by protozoans, in particular malaria by including a cycloprodigiosin. SOLUTION: This antiprotozoan agent essentially contains a cycloprodigiosin or its salt. The cycloprodigiosin is obtained by cultivating Pseudoalteromonas denitrificans AK-1 strain (FERM P-15771), a kind of marine bacterium. The agent can be dosed orally or parenterally, at a daily oral dosage of 5 to 50 mg or parenteral dosage by intravenous or hypodermic injection of 5 to 30 mg in terms of free cycloprodigiosin as the active ingredient, for an adult malaria patient. It is efficacious against, in addition to malaria, coccidiomycosis and other diseases transmitted by protozoans, e.g. those belonging to the Eimeriidae. It is safe and produces an immediate effect at a low concentration.