Intervention: Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
Trial phase: Phase 4
SMILES: COC(=O)C(c1ccccc1)C1CCCCN1.Cl
Sex: All
Age groups: Child
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 103
Group description: Adhansia XR capsules taken orally once daily in the morning

Adhansia XR: Methylphenidate extended-release capsules taken once daily (12.5 mg, 25 mg, 35 mg, 45 mg, 55 mg, and 70 mg)
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Male and female subjects ≥4 and ≤12 years of age at the time of informed consent/assent.
Females of childbearing potential who are not pregnant and not nursing.
Females of childbearing potential who agree to practice a clinically accepted method of contraception during the study and for at least 1 month prior to study dosing and 1 month following completion of the study. Acceptable contraceptive methods include abstinence, oral contraception, surgical sterilization (bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or hysterectomy), intrauterine device, or diaphragm in addition to spermicidal foam and condom on male partner, or systemic contraception (eg, levonorgestrel-releasing implant).
Diagnosis of ADHD (any type: combined, predominately hyperactive impulsive type or predominately inattentive type) by a psychiatrist, psychologist, pediatrician, or licensed allied healthcare professional using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and confirmed by administration of a structured diagnostic interview using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime DSM-5 version (K-SADS-PL).
Subjects who have received, or are receiving treatment with medication (amphetamine, methylphenidate, or non-stimulant) for ADHD must be willing to undergo a washout period of a minimum of 3 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to study drug administration. The washout period for prohibited concomitant medications will be at least 5 half-lives or 3 days, whichever is longer.
If subjects are currently off treatment, this must be for any reason other than noncompliance, nonresponse, or intolerance to side effects.
Ratings on the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder-Rating Scale, version 5 (ADHD RS-5) when the subject is not receiving treatment for ADHD must be ≥90th percentile normative value for sex and age in at least 1 of the categories: total score, inattentive subscale, or hyperactive/impulse subscale.
Dissatisfied with his or her current pharmacological therapy for treatment of ADHD or not currently receiving pharmacological therapy for ADHD for any reason other than nonresponse, noncompliance, or tolerability issues with stimulants. Newly diagnosed and treatment naïve subjects may be included at the discretion of the investigator.
Must be functioning at an age-appropriate level intellectually as determined by an intelligence quotient (IQ) of ≥80 on a documented IQ assessment such as the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence II (WASI-II) vocabulary and matrix reasoning components, or the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, Second Edition (KBIT-2)
Parent(s)/legal guardian(s) must have the ability to read and understand the language in which the informed consent is written and are mentally and physically competent to provide written informed consent for their child.
Written or verbal assent from the subject (as applicable).
Subject and parent(s)/legal guardian/caregiver are willing and able to comply with all the protocol requirements and parent(s)/legal guardian/caregiver must be able to provide transportation for the subject to and from the clinic visits.

Exclusion Criteria:

Has a known allergy, intolerance, or hypersensitivity to methylphenidate.
History of allergic reactions to tartrazine.
Known nonresponder to methylphenidate treatment.
Subject has received a monoamine oxidase inhibitor within 2 weeks before study treatment.
Blood pressure and heart rate outside the 95th percentile for age and sex.
Subject has a current or recent history (within the past 6 months) of drug abuse or dependence disorder; or someone in the subject's immediate family has a current or recent history (within the past 6 months) of drug abuse or dependence disorder; or someone living at the subject's home has a current or recent history (within the past 6 months) of drug abuse or dependence disorder; or subject has a positive urine drug screen for stimulant medication (other than currently prescribed stimulant for the treatment of ADHD) or drugs of abuse at the screening visit.
Has abnormal thyroid function, glaucoma, Gilles de la Tourette's disorder, a history of seizures (except simple febrile seizures), or a tic disorder. Mild medication induced tics are not exclusionary.
Primary and/or comorbid psychiatric diagnosis other than ADHD with the exception of simple phobias, motor skill disorders, communication disorders, learning disorders, and adjustment disorders so long as such disorder is judged not to interfere with study participation or the safety of the subject.
Subjects with a family history (first-degree relatives) of sudden cardiac death require review and approval by the medical monitor for participation in the study.
Subject has a history of disorders of the sensory organs, including deafness, blindness or the subject is severely or profoundly developmentally disabled.
Any clinically significant abnormality or clinically significant abnormal laboratory test results found during screening or a positive test for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV found during screening (subjects who have received a hepatitis A vaccine and test positive for hepatitis A may be included in the study, at the discretion of the investigator).
Use of an investigational drug within 30 days (90 days for biologics) or participation in an investigational study within 30 days prior to dosing.
Any reason which, in the opinion of the investigator, would prevent the subject from participating in the study.
Clinically significant ECG abnormalities (including but not limited to Wolff Parkinson-White syndrome, supraventricular tachycardia, left ventricular hypertrophy, abnormal conduction defect, or other cardiac arrhythmia), or vital sign abnormalities (normal vital signs should be between 5th and 95th percentile for age) at screening.
Known history of cardiovascular disorders including hypertension, angina, arterial occlusive disease, heart failure, hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, myocardial infarction, potentially life-threatening arrhythmias, and channelopathies (disorders caused by the dysfunction of ion channels).
Clinically significant history of neurological, endocrinal (including thyrotoxicosis), pulmonary, hematological, immunologic, gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic or metabolic disease, or psychiatric illness other than ADHD.
History of anxiety, tension, agitation, motor tics, Tourette's syndrome or a family history (first-degree relatives) of Tourette's syndrome.
History of glaucoma.
Has a positive serum pregnancy test (if applicable) at screening.
Positive findings on the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) for suicidal ideation or behaviors at screening.
Clinically significant illness or surgery within 4 weeks prior to dosing. Subjects who experience vomiting within 24 hours prior to clinic admission will be carefully evaluated for upcoming illness/disease.
Hemoglobin <105 g/L or hematocrit <0.310 L/L at screening (subjects with abnormal hemoglobin and/or hematocrit levels deemed not clinically significant may be included in the study, at the discretion of the investigator).
Subject has received anticonvulsants (eg, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), coumarin anticoagulants, prescription pressor agents, pressor agents, guanethidine, tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine, desipramine, selective serotonin inhibitors) or herbal remedies within 30 days prior to the first dosing, or melatonin within 3 days prior to the first dosing.

Other protocol specific inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.