Intervention: Cilofexor
Trial phase: Phase 2
SMILES: O=C(O)c1ccnc(N2CC(O)(c3ccc(OCc4c(-c5c(Cl)cccc5Cl)noc4C4CC4)cc3Cl)C2)c1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 10
Group description: Non-cirrhotic participants received cilofexor (CILO) 30 mg tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Eligibility criteria:
Key Inclusion Criteria:

Males and females between 18-75 years of age (Cohorts 1-9: 18-75 years and Cohorts 10-13: ≥ 18 years); inclusive based on the date of the screening visit
Willing and able to provide informed consent prior to any study specific procedures being performed

For Cohorts 1 through 6 and 9, individuals must meet the following conditions:

Clinical diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Screening FibroTest® < 0.75, unless a historical liver biopsy within 12 months of Screening does not reveal cirrhosis. In individuals with Gilbert's syndrome or hemolysis, FibroTest® will be calculated using direct bilirubin instead of total bilirubin,
Screening magnetic resonance imaging - proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) with ≥ 10% steatosis,
Screening magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) with liver stiffness ≥ 2.88 kPa, OR
A historical liver biopsy within 12 months of Screening consistent with NASH (defined as the presence of steatosis, inflammation, and ballooning) with stage 2-3 fibrosis according to the NASH Clinical Research Network (CRN) classification (or equivalent), AND
No documented weight loss > 5% between the date of the liver biopsy and Screening;

For Cohorts 7 and 8, individuals must have a clinical diagnosis of NAFLD and have at least one of the following criteria:

Screening MRE with liver stiffness ≥ 4.67 kPa,
A historical FibroScan® ≥ 14 kPa within 6 months of Screening,
Screening FibroTest® ≥ 0.75,
A historical liver biopsy consistent with stage 4 fibrosis according to the NASH CRN classification (or equivalent);

For Cohorts 10 and 11, individuals must have a clinical diagnosis of NAFLD and meet at least two criteria for metabolic syndrome modified from the NCEP ATP III Guidelines and one of the following criteria at Screening:

A historical liver biopsy within 6 months of Screening consistent with NASH and bridging fibrosis (F3) or within 12 months of Screening consistent with NASH and compensated cirrhosis (F4) in the opinion of the investigator,
Screening liver stiffness by MRE ≥ 3.64 kPa;
Screening liver stiffness by FibroScan® ≥ 9.9 kPa;

For Cohorts 12 and 13, individuals must have a clinical diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH and at least two criteria for metabolic syndrome as modified from the NCEPT ATP III Guidelines, OR one of the following criteria:

A historical liver biopsy within 6 months of Screening consistent with NASH for individuals without compensated cirrhosis (F4); or within 12 months of Screening consistent with NASH for individuals with compensated cirrhosis (F4) in the opinion of the investigator,
A historical MRE with liver stiffness ≥ 2.88 kPa within 6 months of Screening,
A historical FibroScan® with liver stiffness ≥ 9.9 kPa within 6 months of Screening, AND
No documented weight loss > 5% between the date of the historical liver biopsy, historical MRE, or historical FibroScan® and Screening;
Platelet count ≥ 100,000/µL;
Serum creatinine < 2 mg/dL (Cohorts 1-9) at Screening;
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 80 mL/min (Cohorts 10-11) or ≥ 60 mL/min (Cohorts 12-13), as calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation at Screening;
For Cohorts 10-13, serum triglyceride level ≥ 150 mg/dL at Screening.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

Pregnant or lactating females
Other causes of liver disease including autoimmune, viral, and alcoholic liver disease
Any history of decompensated liver disease, including ascites, hepatic encephalopathy or variceal bleeding
For Cohorts 7-8, 10-13, Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CPT) score > 6
History of liver transplantation
History of hepatocellular carcinoma;
Weight reduction surgery in the past 2 years or planned during the study;
Documented weight loss > 5% between the date of the historical liver biopsy and Screening, if applicable;
Body Mass Index (BMI) < 18 kg/m2;
ALT > 5 x ULN at Screening;
For Cohorts 10-13, HbA1c ≥ 9.5% (or serum fructosamine ≥ 381 µmol if HbA1c is unable to be resulted) at Screening;
For Cohorts 10-13, hemoglobin ≤ 10.6 g/dL at Screening;
INR > 1.2 (Cohorts 1-9) or INR > 1.4 (Cohorts 10-13) at Screening, unless on anticoagulation therapy;
Total bilirubin > 1x ULN (Cohorts 1 through 6 and 9), >1.5 x ULN (Cohorts 7 and 8), or >1.3 x ULN (Cohorts 10-13) except in confirmed cases of Gilbert's syndrome;
Triglycerides ≥ 500 mg/dL (Cohorts 5-8 and 10-13) or ≥ 250 mg/dL (Cohort 9) at Screening;
Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score > 12 at Screening (Cohorts 10 -13), unless due to an alternate etiology such as therapeutic anticoagulation;
Chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg positive);
Chronic hepatitis C (HCV RNA positive). individuals cured of HCV infection less than 2 years prior to the Screening visit are not eligible (Cohorts 10-13);
HIV Ab positive;
Presence of gallstones within 6 months of Screening (Cohorts 10-13);
Alcohol consumption greater than 21 oz/week for males or 14 oz/week for females (1oz/30 mL of alcohol is present in 1 12oz/360 mL beer, 1 4oz/120 mL glass of wine, and a 1 oz/30 mL measure of 40% proof alcohol);
Positive urine screen for amphetamines, cocaine or opiates (i.e., heroin, morphine) at Screening. Individuals on stable methadone or buprenorphine maintenance treatment for at least 6 months prior to Screening may be included in the study. Individuals with a positive urine drug screen due to prescription opioid-based medication are eligible if the prescription and diagnosis are reviewed and approved by the investigator;
Unstable cardiovascular disease;
History of intestinal resection of the extent that would result in malabsorption;
Use of any prohibited concomitant medications as described in the protocol;

History of a malignancy within 5 years of Screening with the following exceptions:

Adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix,
Adequately treated basal or squamous cell cancer or other localized non-melanoma skin cancer.

Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.