Intervention: Bupivacaine hydrochloride
Trial phase: Phase 3
SMILES: CCCCN1CCCCC1C(=O)Nc1c(C)cccc1C.Cl
Sex: Female
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Participants at risk: 70
Group description: A single local administration of 100 mg in a 20-mL volume into each breast implant pocket for a total dose of 200 mg (i.e., a total of 40 mL)
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Women greater than or equal to 18 years of age at Screening Visit
Postmenopausal, surgically sterile, or willing to use acceptable means of contraception for at least 30 days after surgery including any of the following: hormonal contraceptives (e.g., oral, injectable, implantable starting at least 30 days before study administration), effective double-barrier methods (e.g., condoms with spermicide), intrauterine device, lifestyle with a personal choice of abstinence, nonheterosexual lifestyle, or a strictly monogamous relationship with a partner who has had a vasectomy.
Scheduled to undergo primary, bilateral, cosmetic, sub-muscular, breast augmentation under general anesthesia (endotracheal or otherwise)
American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) Physical Class 1-4
Able and willing to comply with all study visits and procedures, and with diary entries through postoperative day 8
Able to speak, read, and understand the language of the informed consent form (ICF), study questionnaires, and other instruments used for collecting subject-reported outcomes, in order to enable accurate and appropriate responses to pain scales and other required study assessments
Willing and capable of providing written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

A subject will not be eligible for the study if she meets any of the following criteria:

Women undergoing reconstructive surgery following mastectomy
Pregnancy, nursing, or planning to become pregnant during the study or within one month after study drug administration.

Use of any of the following medications within the times specified before surgery:

long-acting opioids within 3 days.
Any opioid medication within 24 hours.
Concurrent painful physical condition or concurrent surgery that may require analgesic treatment in the postoperative period for pain that is not strictly related to the surgical site being administered study drug (e.g., significant pain from other joints, chronic neuropathic pain, concurrent abdominal surgery, etc.), which have the potential to confound the postoperative study assessments.
Body weight less than 50 kilograms (110 pounds)
History of hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to amide-type local anesthetics, opioid medication, epinephrine, or sulfites.
Contraindication to epinephrine, such as concurrent administration of ergot-type drugs, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors or antidepressants of tryptoline or imipramine types, conditions where the production or exacerbation of tachycardia could provide fatal (e.g., poorly controlled thyrotoxicosis or severe heart disease) or any other pathological conditions that might be aggravated by the effect of epinephrine.
Administration of investigational product within 30 days of 5 elimination half-lives of such investigational product, whichever is longer, prior to study drug administration or planned administration of another investigational product or procedure during the subject's participation in this study.
History of, suspected, or known addiction to or abuse of illicit drug(s), prescription medicine(s), or alcohol within the past 2 years.
Uncontrolled anxiety, schizophrenia, or other psychiatric disorder that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with study assessments or compliance with the protocol.

Significant medical conditions or laboratory results that, in the opinion of the Investigator, indicate an increased vulnerability to study drugs and procedures, and expose the subject to an unreasonable risk as a result of participating in this clinical trial, such as: debilitating diseases, acute illnesses, hypotension, partial or complete conduction block, impaired cardiac function, untreated hypertension, advanced arteriosclerotic heart disease, cerebral vascular insufficiency, pre-existing abnormal neurological or neuromuscular disease (e.g., epilepsy, myasthenia gravis), advanced liver disease, severe renal impairment, advanced diabetes, co-morbid conditions associated with an immunocompromised status such as blood dyscrasias, HIV/AIDS, or recent chemotherapy.

In addition, the subject will be ineligible to receive study drug if she meets the following criteria during surgery:

Any clinically significant event or condition uncovered during the surgery (e.g., excessive bleeding, acute sepsis) that might render the subject medically unstable or complicate the subject's postoperative course.