Intervention: Amlodipine
Trial phase: Phase 2 | Phase 3
ATC code: C07FB07 | C07FB12 | C07FB13 | C08CA01 | C08CA17 | C08CA51 | C08GA02 | C09BB03 | C09BB04 | C09BB07 | C09BB13 | C09BX01 | C09BX03 | C09BX04 | C09DB01 | C09DB02 | C09DB04 | C09DB05 | C09DB06 | C09DB07 | C09DB09 | C09DX01 | C09DX03 | C09DX06 | C09DX07 | C09DX08 | C09XA53 | C09XA54 | C10BX03 | C10BX07 | C10BX09 | C10BX11 | C10BX14 | C10BX18 | C10BX19
SMILES: CCOC(=O)C1=C(COCCN)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1c1ccccc1Cl
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 161
Group description: Amlodipine 2.5 mg capsule plus 4 tablet and 1 capsule placebos taken once daily
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria

Patients with essential hypertension measured by electronic hemodynamometer. - - Patients must satisfy the following criteria.

MSDBP <110 mmHg and MSSBP <180 mmHg at Visit 1
MSDBP ≥ 90 mmHg and < 110 mmHg and MSSBP < 180 mmHg at Visit 2
MSDBP ≥ 95 mmHg and < 110 mmHg and MSSBP < 180 mmHg at Visit 3
The absolute difference in MSDBP between Visit 2 and 3 is ≤ 10 mmHg
Male or female outpatients.
Aged => 20 and =< 80 years (at the time of signing informed consent).
Patients who have written informed consent to participate in this study.

Exclusion criteria

Pregnant women, nursing (lactating) mothers, women suspected of being pregnant, or women who wish to be pregnant during the study, women of child-bearing potential.
Patients with secondary hypertension or suspected of having secondary hypertension.
Patients with a history of malignant hypertension.
Patients with an inability to completely discontinue all prior antihypertensive medications safely for a period of 12 weeks as required by the protocol.
Patients with or with a history of any of the following diseases or signs: Cardiac disease, renal disease, cerebrovascular disorder
Patients with a clinically significant allergy (asthma on pharmacotherapy, multi-drug allergy, or drug-induced or food-induced anaphylactic reactions).
Patients hypersensitive to AII receptor antagonists, calcium channel blockers or dihydropyridine derivatives.
Known moderate or malignant retinopathy.
Patients with or with a history of pancreatitis. Patients with pancreatic injury, or evidence of impaired pancreatic function/injury within 12 months of Visit 1.
Patients with any surgical or medical condition which might significantly alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of any drug.
Patients with volume depletion based on the investigator's or subinvestigator's clinical judgment using vital signs, skin turgor, moistness of mucous membrane and laboratory values.
Patients who are found to have low Na and K (Na <130 mEq/L, K <3.3mEq/L) or high in these parameters (Na ≥ 152 mEq/L, K ≥ 5.2 mEq/L) by laboratory tests at Visit 1.
Patients with type I diabetes mellitus on treatment with insulin, or patients with type II diabetes with poor glucose control defined as a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 8.0% at Visit 1.
Patients with or with a history of malignant tumors including leukemia and lymphoma, treated or untreated, within the past 5 years of Visit 1 whether or not there is evidence of local recurrence or metastases (except for localized basal cell carcinoma of the skin).
Patients with any severe, life-threatening disease within the past 5 years. Patients with a history of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator or subinvestigator, place the patient at higher risk from his/her participation in the study, or are likely to prevent the patient from complying with the requirement of the study or completing the trial period.
Patients who have with or with a history of drug or alcohol abuse within the last 2 years of Visit 1. Patients who have received other investigational product within 12 weeks of Visit 1.
Any chronic inflammatory condition needing chronic anti-inflammatory drug therapy.
Persons directly involved in the execution of this study.
Patients who are considered unlikely to comply with the requirements specified in the protocol by the investigator or subinvestigator.