anthonyyazdaniml/CT-ADE-SOC huggingface dataset:
Intervention: Levemir
Trial phase: Phase 4
SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCCC(NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)C(Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)C(Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C1CSSCC(C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(Cc2ccc(O)cc2)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(Cc2ccc(O)cc2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C2CSSCC(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(Cc3c[nH]cn3)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)Cc3ccccc3)C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(Cc3c[nH]cn3)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)N1)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(C(C)CC)C(=O)N2)C(C)O)C(=O)O
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult
Healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Participants at risk: 13
Group description: long acting insulin+ rapid acting+1.25 mcg Exenatide before the boost

long acting insulin + rapid acting + 1.25 mcg Exenatide: Depends on their body needs.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age between 12-18 years of age at the time of enrollment.
Diagnosed with antibody positive T1DM in the past 3 months.
Otherwise healthy except for their TIDM and treated hypothyroidism.
Females must have a negative pregnancy test.
Hemoglobin equal to or greater than 12 g/dl before each study.
Weight greater than 44 kg.

Exclusion Criteria:

Any chronic disease: leukemia, inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis etc, except for diabetes and hypothyroidism.
Any medications that may affect glucose metabolism.
Abnormal AST, ALT, amylase, lipase, creatinine (more than 3 times normal values).
Lack of a supportive family environment as detected by the clinicians and/or social workers.
History of substance abuse (evaluated by medical history and CRAFFT questionnaire which will be administered at the screening visit).
Positive pregnancy test in females.
Lactating and nursing mothers.
Intervention: EXENATIDE
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: A10BJ01
SMILES: CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)Cc1cnc[nH]1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 13
Group description: This group will get Exenatide(Byetta) along with insulin before breakfast and supper.

Exenatide: Start at 1.25 mcg, capped at 5 mcg, subcutaneously, before breakfast and supper for 4 months
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age of 12 to 21 years.
HbA1C less than 9%
Subjects must be on intensive insulin management
Tanner stage greater than or equal to 3
Having Type 1 Diabetes for at least one year
Type 1Diabetes defined by ADA criteria and having at least one of the following antibodies a. Anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) b. Anti-islet cell 512 (ICA512) c. Anti-insulin
Willing to give consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Type 2 diabetes.
Having any other chronic condition except hypothyroidism stable on medications.
On chronic medications that may affect glucose excursions.
Anemia as defined as Hb less than 9 gm/dl.
Abnormal amylase, lipase or creatinine (twice normal).
Abnormal Liver function tests(three times above normal)
Unsupportive family environment as determined by clinicians and/or social workers.
Pregnant or lactating mothers
Intervention: Novolog mix 70/30
Trial phase: Phase 4
SMILES: CCC(C)C(NC(=O)CN)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(Cc3c[nH]cn3)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)Cc3ccccc3)C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(Cc3c[nH]cn3)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(Cc3ccccc3)C(=O)NC(Cc3ccccc3)C(=O)NC(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C(=O)O)C(C)O)C(C)O)CSSCC(C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CO)NC2=O)NC1=O)C(C)C
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 11
Group description: This group will be on their regular insulin therapy.

Insulin: Rapid acting and long acting, subcutaneously, according to their regimen for the entire duration of the study.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age of 12 to 21 years.
HbA1C less than 9%
Subjects must be on intensive insulin management
Tanner stage greater than or equal to 3
Having Type 1 Diabetes for at least one year
Type 1Diabetes defined by ADA criteria and having at least one of the following antibodies a. Anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) b. Anti-islet cell 512 (ICA512) c. Anti-insulin
Willing to give consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Type 2 diabetes.
Having any other chronic condition except hypothyroidism stable on medications.
On chronic medications that may affect glucose excursions.
Anemia as defined as Hb less than 9 gm/dl.
Abnormal amylase, lipase or creatinine (twice normal).
Abnormal Liver function tests(three times above normal)
Unsupportive family environment as determined by clinicians and/or social workers.
Pregnant or lactating mothers
Intervention: Remifentanil
Trial phase: Not Applicable
ATC code: N01AH06
SMILES: CCC(=O)N(c1ccccc1)C1(C(=O)OC)CCN(CCC(=O)OC)CC1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 142
Group description: Remifentanil 0.08-0.15MCG/KG/MIN INFUSION THROUGHOUT PROCEDURE BASED ON HEMODYNAMICS

Remifentanil: Remifentanil 0.08-0.15MCG/KG/MIN INFUSION THROUGHOUT PROCEDURE BASED ON HEMODYNAMICS
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Patients who undergo general anesthesia for elective surgical excision of a brain tumor with following specifications:

Age: Older than 18
Primary and redo cases will be included
Duration of surgery not exceeding 6 hrs.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient refusal
Emergency craniotomy
Morbid obesity
Uncontrolled hypertension - DBP more than 110
Cardiac conduction defects
Patients with chronic pain.
Intervention: Budesonide
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: A07EA06 | D07AC09 | R01AD05 | R03AK07 | R03AK12 | R03AL11 | R03BA02
SMILES: CCCC1OC2CC3C4CCC5=CC(=O)C=CC5(C)C4C(O)CC3(C)C2(C(=O)CO)O1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 41
Group description: Pulmicort Respules at a dose of 0.25 mg. delivered intranasally via NasoNeb nebulizer once daily
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria

Males and females between 18 and 55 years of age.
History of perennial allergic rhinitis.
Positive skin test to dust mite, dog, cat or indoor mold antigen.
And a combined nasal AM and PM score of ≥4 for nasal congestion in the day preceding entry and total nasal symptom score greater than 8.

Exclusion Criteria

Physical signs or symptoms suggestive of renal, hepatic or cardiovascular disease.
Pregnant or lactating women.
Subjects treated with systemic steroids during the previous 30 days.
Subjects treated with topical (inhaled, intranasal or intraocular) steroids, Nasalcrom or Opticrom during the previous 30 days.
Subjects treated with oral antihistamine/decongestants during the previous seven days.
Subjects treated with topical (intranasal or intraocular) antihistamine/decongestants during the previous 3 days.
Subjects treated with immunotherapy and are escalating their dose.
Subjects on chronic anti-asthma medications.
Subjects with polyps in the nose or a significantly displaced septum.
Upper respiratory infection within 14 days prior to study start.
Intervention: SODIUM CHLORIDE
Trial phase: Not Applicable
ATC code: A12CA01 | B05CB01 | B05XA03 | S01XA03
SMILES: [Cl-].[Na+]
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 20
Group description: Intervention: This group will be given saline (30 ml every 12 hours) for 10 days

Saline: Control
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours in one of the University of Kentucky adult ICU's

Exclusion Criteria:

The physician caring for the patient determines that the patient is too unstable to tolerate these measurements,
If the patient requires high dose pressors (more than 15 mcg/min of norepinephrine or more than 15 mg/kg/min of dopamine),
If the patient requires more than 80% FiO2 or more than 15 cm H2O of PEEP,
If the patient has a cardiac pacemaker or implanted defibrillator,
If the patient has received neuromuscular blocking agents within the 48 hours preceding testing or has a known preexisting muscular disease,
If the patient has a recent history of variceal bleeding,
If the patient is excessively sedated or mentally obtunded as judged by an inability to follow verbal commands.
We will not study pregnant females, prisoners, or institutionalized decisionally impaired patients.
Intervention: Bupropion
Trial phase: Not Applicable
ATC code: A08AA62 | N06AX12
SMILES: CC(NC(C)(C)C)C(=O)c1cccc(Cl)c1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 32
Group description: Once daily treatment with Bupropion with intention to treat ADHD and SUD.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Male and female outpatients 18 years old or older, up to 60 years old.
Patients with the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), by DSM-IV, as manifested in clinical evaluation and confirmed by structured interview.
Patients within the past 6 months known to abuse or to be dependent on alcohol or any drug (nicotine addiction not included)

Exclusion Criteria:

Any clinically unstable medical condition
Clinically significant abnormal baseline laboratory values
Mental retardation (I.Q. <75) or Organic brain disorders
Seizure disorder
Patients with a history or an eating disorder including anorexia or bulimia nervosa
Pregnant or nursing females
Patients with current bipolar disorder
Psychotic disorder of any type
Patients on psychotropics known to treat ADHD (i.e. stimulants, tricyclics)
Patients receiving psychotherapy known to treat ADHD (i.e. cognitive or cognitive/behavioral psychotherapy)
Patients demonstrating active withdrawal from substance abuse
Intervention: Desflurane
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: N01AB07
SMILES: FC(F)OC(F)C(F)(F)F
Sex: All
Age groups: Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 100
Group description: Patients will receive desflurane as general anesthetic

propofol or desflurane: comparison of the incidence in delirium and post-operative cognitive dysfunction from propofol and desflurane in patients under general anesthesia
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age > 65 years old
Body mass index > 30 kg/m2
Undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty surgery
American society of anesthesiology classification II-III

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient refusal to participate in the study
Patient refusal or failure of regional block
Patients with preexisting neuro-cognitive disorders
Known intolerance to any of the drugs to be used according to the study protocol
Intervention: Propofol
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: N01AX10
SMILES: CC(C)c1cccc(C(C)C)c1O
Sex: All
Age groups: Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 100
Group description: Patients will receive propofol as general anesthetic

propofol or desflurane: comparison of the incidence in delirium and post-operative cognitive dysfunction from propofol and desflurane in patients under general anesthesia
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age > 65 years old
Body mass index > 30 kg/m2
Undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty surgery
American society of anesthesiology classification II-III

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient refusal to participate in the study
Patient refusal or failure of regional block
Patients with preexisting neuro-cognitive disorders
Known intolerance to any of the drugs to be used according to the study protocol
Intervention: Testosterone
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: G03BA03 | G03EA02
SMILES: [H][C@@]12CCC3=CC(=O)CC[C@]3(C)[C@@]1([H])CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@@]21[H]
Sex: Male
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 33
Group description: Testim (topical testosterone)

topical testosterone: testosterone gel applied 1x daily for 3 months
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy males between the ages of 21 and 65 years of age
All clinical laboratory tests within normal ranges (any clinically significant deviation of laboratory results will require approval of sponsor)
Previously or concurrently diagnosed as having secondary hypogonadism and confirmed morning testosterone <250ng/dL (two assessments at least 10 days apart)
Ability to complete the study in compliance with the protocol
Ability to understand and provide written informed consent
Agreement to use double barrier contraception if with a fertile female partner
Agreement to provide a semen sample in the clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

Use of an injectable, oral, topical, or subcutaneous pelleted testosterone within 6 months prior to study
Use of spironolactone, cimetidine, Clomid, 5α-reductase inhibitors, hCG, androgen, estrogen, anabolic steroid, DHEA, or herbal hormone products during the study
Use of Clomid in the past year
Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes mellitus based on the Investigator's assessment at baseline. Subjects treated for Type II diabetes but exhibiting glycemic control will be allowed into the study
A hematocrit >50% or a hemoglobin >17 g/dL
Clinically significant abnormal findings on screening examination
Use of an investigational drug or product, or participation in a drug or medical device research study within 30 days prior to receiving study medication
Known hypersensitivity to Clomid
Symptomatic cataracts (nuclear sclerosis cataract or cortical cataract grade > 2 based on 0-4 scale or any trace of posterior subcapsular cataract)
Any condition which in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with the participant's ability to provide informed consent, comply with study instructions, possibly confound interpretation of study results, or endanger the participant if he took part in the study
Irreversibly infertile or compromised fertility (cryptorchism, Kallman Syndrome, primary hypogonadism, vasectomy, or tumors of the pituitary)
Current or history of breast cancer
Current or history of prostate cancer or a suspicion of prostate disease unless ruled out by prostate biopsy, or a PSA>3.6
Presence or history of hyperprolactinemia with or without a tumor
Chronic use of medications use such as glucocorticoids
Subjects with cystic fibrosis (mutation of the CFTR gene)
Subjects unable to provide a semen sample in the clinic
Subject has a BMI >36 kg/m2
Intervention: Enclomiphene
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: G03GB02
SMILES: CCN(CC)CCOc1ccc(C(=C(Cl)c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Sex: Male
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 27
Group description: Androxal 12.5 mg/day

Androxal: Capsule of either 12.5 mg or 25 mg Androxal, 1x daily for 3 months
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy males between the ages of 21 and 65 years of age
All clinical laboratory tests within normal ranges (any clinically significant deviation of laboratory results will require approval of sponsor)
Previously or concurrently diagnosed as having secondary hypogonadism and confirmed morning testosterone <250ng/dL (two assessments at least 10 days apart)
Ability to complete the study in compliance with the protocol
Ability to understand and provide written informed consent
Agreement to use double barrier contraception if with a fertile female partner
Agreement to provide a semen sample in the clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

Use of an injectable, oral, topical, or subcutaneous pelleted testosterone within 6 months prior to study
Use of spironolactone, cimetidine, Clomid, 5α-reductase inhibitors, hCG, androgen, estrogen, anabolic steroid, DHEA, or herbal hormone products during the study
Use of Clomid in the past year
Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes mellitus based on the Investigator's assessment at baseline. Subjects treated for Type II diabetes but exhibiting glycemic control will be allowed into the study
A hematocrit >50% or a hemoglobin >17 g/dL
Clinically significant abnormal findings on screening examination
Use of an investigational drug or product, or participation in a drug or medical device research study within 30 days prior to receiving study medication
Known hypersensitivity to Clomid
Symptomatic cataracts (nuclear sclerosis cataract or cortical cataract grade > 2 based on 0-4 scale or any trace of posterior subcapsular cataract)
Any condition which in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with the participant's ability to provide informed consent, comply with study instructions, possibly confound interpretation of study results, or endanger the participant if he took part in the study
Irreversibly infertile or compromised fertility (cryptorchism, Kallman Syndrome, primary hypogonadism, vasectomy, or tumors of the pituitary)
Current or history of breast cancer
Current or history of prostate cancer or a suspicion of prostate disease unless ruled out by prostate biopsy, or a PSA>3.6
Presence or history of hyperprolactinemia with or without a tumor
Chronic use of medications use such as glucocorticoids
Subjects with cystic fibrosis (mutation of the CFTR gene)
Subjects unable to provide a semen sample in the clinic
Subject has a BMI >36 kg/m2
Intervention: Enclomiphene
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: G03GB02
SMILES: CCN(CC)CCOc1ccc(C(=C(Cl)c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Sex: Male
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 33
Group description: Androxal 25 mg/day

Androxal: Capsule of either 12.5 mg or 25 mg Androxal, 1x daily for 3 months
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy males between the ages of 21 and 65 years of age
All clinical laboratory tests within normal ranges (any clinically significant deviation of laboratory results will require approval of sponsor)
Previously or concurrently diagnosed as having secondary hypogonadism and confirmed morning testosterone <250ng/dL (two assessments at least 10 days apart)
Ability to complete the study in compliance with the protocol
Ability to understand and provide written informed consent
Agreement to use double barrier contraception if with a fertile female partner
Agreement to provide a semen sample in the clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

Use of an injectable, oral, topical, or subcutaneous pelleted testosterone within 6 months prior to study
Use of spironolactone, cimetidine, Clomid, 5α-reductase inhibitors, hCG, androgen, estrogen, anabolic steroid, DHEA, or herbal hormone products during the study
Use of Clomid in the past year
Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes mellitus based on the Investigator's assessment at baseline. Subjects treated for Type II diabetes but exhibiting glycemic control will be allowed into the study
A hematocrit >50% or a hemoglobin >17 g/dL
Clinically significant abnormal findings on screening examination
Use of an investigational drug or product, or participation in a drug or medical device research study within 30 days prior to receiving study medication
Known hypersensitivity to Clomid
Symptomatic cataracts (nuclear sclerosis cataract or cortical cataract grade > 2 based on 0-4 scale or any trace of posterior subcapsular cataract)
Any condition which in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with the participant's ability to provide informed consent, comply with study instructions, possibly confound interpretation of study results, or endanger the participant if he took part in the study
Irreversibly infertile or compromised fertility (cryptorchism, Kallman Syndrome, primary hypogonadism, vasectomy, or tumors of the pituitary)
Current or history of breast cancer
Current or history of prostate cancer or a suspicion of prostate disease unless ruled out by prostate biopsy, or a PSA>3.6
Presence or history of hyperprolactinemia with or without a tumor
Chronic use of medications use such as glucocorticoids
Subjects with cystic fibrosis (mutation of the CFTR gene)
Subjects unable to provide a semen sample in the clinic
Subject has a BMI >36 kg/m2
Intervention: Citalopram
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: N06AB04 | N06AB10
SMILES: CN(C)CCCC1(c2ccc(F)cc2)OCc2cc(C#N)ccc21
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 18
Group description: Veterans with PTSD and depression will receive Escitalopram: 10-20mg daily for 12 weeks
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria - Group I
Patients, men and women between 19 and 55 years of age, inclusive.
Patients with diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as determined by Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.).
Patients, who are able to comprehend and satisfactorily comply with protocol requirements and have an ability to read and write English.
Patients, who signed the written informed consent given prior to entering any study procedure.
Inclusion Criteria - Group II
Patients, men and women between 19 and 55 years of age, inclusive.
Patients with diagnosis of Major Depression as determined by Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). A diagnosis of PTSD will be exclusionary.
Patients, who are able to comprehend and satisfactorily comply with protocol requirements and have an ability to read and write English.
Patients, who signed the written informed consent given prior to entering any study procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

History of cardiovascular disease or a history of hypertension.
Patients with a concurrent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis in any of the following categories as determined by the M.I.N.I.
Lifetime Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
Lifetime Bipolar I Disorder
Substance Dependence or Abuse (excluding nicotine) within one month prior to the Screening Visit.
Patients with a history of intolerance or hypersensitivity to escitalopram or citalopram.
Patients who based on history or mental status examination have a significant risk of committing suicide. Current suicide risk (past month) will be assessed using the M.I.N.I. Suicidality Module. Subjects considered at high suicide risk based on the module (> 17 points) will be excluded from study participation.
Patients who are homicidal or violent and who are in the Investigator's opinion in significant imminent risk of hurting others.
Subjects will be excluded who have a history of significant medical illness and who are on medications that affect cardiac and/or autonomic function.
Female patients who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or if of childbearing potential, not using an acceptable method of birth control.