Intervention: Chondroitin 4-sulfate
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: M01AX25
SMILES: CC(=O)NC1C(O)OC(OS(=O)(=O)O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C(=O)O)C(O)C(O)C1O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 97
Group description: CHONDROITIN SULPHATE Group: 1200 mg (three capsules of 400 mg each) taken once a day in the morning

Chondroitin sulfate: Chondroitin sulphate 1200 mg/day, 24 months treatment period
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Individuals of either sex, aged 40 years and more
Subjects presenting primary OA of the knee according to ACR criteria with signs of synovitis (warmth, swelling or effusion
OA of radiological stages 2 and 3 according to Kellgren-Lawrence;
Minimum joint space width ≥2 mm in the medial femorotibial compartment on standing knee X-ray
VAS of pain while walking ≥ 40 mm

Exclusion Criteria:

Known allergy to CHONDROITIN SULPHATE, hypersensitivity to CELECOXIB, demonstrated allergic-type reactions to sulphonamides, experienced asthma, urticaria or allergic-type reactions after taking sulphonamides, aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid [ASA]), lactose or NSAIDs
Active malignancy of any type or history of a malignancy within the last five years other than basal cell carcinoma
Increased risk for prostate cancer, with prostate cancer, or with a history of prostate cancer within the last five years
Subjects with other bone and articular diseases (antecedents and/or current signs) such as chondrocalcinosis, Paget's disease of the ipsilateral limb to the target knee, rheumatoid arthritis, aseptic osteonecrosis, gout, septic arthritis, ochronosis, acromegaly, haemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, osteochondromatosis seronegative spondylo-arthropathy, mixed connective tissue disease, collagen vascular disease, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease
Isolated knee lateral compartment OA defined by joint space loss in the lateral compartment only
Class IV functional capacity using the American Rheumatism Association criteria
Have had surgery in any lower limb or arthroscopy, aspiration or lavage in any lower limb joint within 180 days of the Baseline Visit
History of heart attack or stroke, or experienced serious chest pain related to heart disease, or who have had serious diseases of the heart such as congestive heart failure
High risk of CV events, according to the AHA assessment of CV risk tables
History of recurrent UGI ulceration or active inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), a significant coagulation defect, or any other condition, which in the investigator's opinion might preclude the chronic use of CELECOXIB. Subjects may, at the Investigator's discretion, take a PPI or antacids daily as required
Have been diagnosed as having or have been treated for oesophageal, gastric, pyloric channel, or duodenal ulceration within 30 days prior to receiving the first dose of study medication
Subjects using corticosteroids (oral, injectable; exception of intraarticular/soft tissue injection at the exclusion of the target knee), indomethacin, tramadol, codeine, empracet, therapeutic dose of glucosamine or CHONDROITIN SULPHATE during the 12 weeks preceding inclusion
Using hyaluronic acid (intra-articular target knee) during the 26 weeks preceding inclusion
Using Natural Health Products (e.g. capsaicin, boswellia, willow bark), and creams and analgesic gels (e.g. camphor and alcohol based gels) during one week preceding baseline;
Using Natural Health Products susceptible to increase the risk of bleeding (e.g. garlic, dong quai, etc.) during one week preceding baseline;
Receiving radioactive synovectomy (target knee) during the 12 weeks preceding inclusion;
Subjects who are receiving NSAID and do not want to stop during the study
If treatment of osteoporosis (biphosphonates, SERMS, THS) is necessary, it will have to be continued, unmodified, for the entire duration of the study
Have used medications with MMP-inhibitory properties (e.g. tetracycline or structurally related compounds) within 28 days prior to the Baseline Visit
Are taking lithium carbonate, phenytoin or anticoagulants (with the exception of ASA up to a maximum daily dose of 325 mg)
Have received chondrocyte transplants in any lower extremity joint
Use oral or topical COXIBs, calcitonin or immunosuppressive drugs