Intervention: Peramivir
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: J05AH03
SMILES: [H][C@@]1([C@@H](NC(C)=O)C(CC)CC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C(=O)O)C[C@H]1NC(=N)N
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 113
Group description: Single dose administered as bilateral 2-mL intramuscular injections in each gluteal muscle (one injection of peramivir 150 mg and one injection of placebo).
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Age ≥18 years
Presence of fever at time of screening of ≥38.0 ºC (≥100.4 ºF) taken orally, or ≥38.5 ºC (≥101.2 ºF) taken rectally. However, this requirement is waived if the subject has a history of fever within the 24 hours prior to screening and has been administered antipyretic(s) in the 6 hours prior to screening.
Presence of at least one respiratory symptom (cough, sore throat, or nasal symptoms) of any severity (mild, moderate, or severe)
Presence of at least one constitutional symptom (headache, malaise, myalgia, sweats and/or chills, or fatigue) of any severity (mild, moderate, or severe)
Onset of illness no more than 48 hours before presentation. Note: Time of onset of illness is defined as either (1) the time when the temperature (either oral or rectal) was first measured as elevated (at least one ºC of elevation-oral temperature), OR (2) the time when the subject experienced the presence of at least one respiratory symptom AND the presence of at least one constitutional symptom.
Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) performed on an adequate specimen collected from an anterior nasal swab is positive. A negative initial RAT may be repeated within one hour of obtaining a negative result. A second negative RAT result will exclude the subject from evaluation for enrollment.

Females of childbearing potential must report one of the following:

Be surgically sterile
Have been sexually abstinent 4 weeks prior to date of screening evaluation and be willing to remain abstinent through 4 weeks after study drug administration
Use oral contraceptives or other form of hormonal birth control including hormonal vaginal rings or transdermal patches and have been using these for 3 months prior through 4 weeks after study drug administration
Use an intra-uterine device (IUD), or adequate barrier contraception (or double-barrier method such as condom or diaphragm with spermicidal gel or foam) as birth control 4 weeks prior to date of screening evaluation through 4 weeks after study drug administration.

Exclusion Criteria:

Women who are breast-feeding
History of diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or diagnosis of severe persistent asthma
History of chronic renal impairment requiring hemodialysis or known or suspected to have moderate or severe renal impairment (actual or estimated creatinine clearance <50 mL/min)
History of congestive heart failure requiring daily pharmacotherapy with symptoms consistent with New York Heart Association Class II, III, or IV within the past 12 months
Immunocompromised status due to illness or previous organ transplant
Current use of systemic immunosuppressive medications (except inhaled corticosteroids)
Use of rimantadine, amantadine, zanamivir, or oseltamivir in the past 7 days
Immunized against influenza with live attenuated virus vaccine (FluMist®) in the previous 21 days
Clinical evidence of active bacterial infection at any body site requiring therapy with oral or systemic antibiotics
Clinically significant signs of acute respiratory distress
Clinically significant signs of acute cardiac disease
Screening ECG which suggests acute ischemia or presence of medically significant dysrhythmia
Presence of a chronic disease or illness(es) with either clinical or historical evidence of recent exacerbation of such disease(s) or illness(es) or lack of control of such disease(s) or illness(es)
History of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus infection
History of alcohol abuse or drug addiction within 1 year prior to admission in the study
Participation in a study of any investigational drug within the last 30 days
Positive urine pregnancy test