Intervention: EXENATIDE
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: A10BJ01
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Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 20
Group description: The participants with T2DM well-controlled on an intensified insulin regimen for the previous 6 months with the combination of a premeal insulin injection of the drug aspart (Novolog) three times a day and a bedtime insulin injection of the drug detemir (Levemir). The dosage of the insulin is determined by the need by the need of the participant. The Exenatide treatment will consist of an injection of the insulin twice daily and will replace the premeal insulin regiment of aspart.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

To enter the study subjects must meet the following criteria:

Have been on intensified insulin therapy with insulin detemir (Levemir) and premeal insulin aspart (Novolog®) for the previous 6 months.
Be able to communicate meaningfully with the Investigator and be legally competent to provide written informed consent.
Female patients must be non-lactating and must either be at least two years post-menopausal, or be using adequate contraceptive precautions (i.e. oral contraceptives, approved hormonal implant, intrauterine device, diaphragm with spermicide, condom with spermicide), or be surgically sterilized (i.e. bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy). Female patients who have undergone a hysterectomy are eligible for participation in the study. Female patients (except for those patients who have undergone a hysterectomy or a bilateral oophorectomy) are eligible only if they have a negative pregnancy test throughout the study period.
Age range of 18 to 70 years (inclusive).
Patients must have been on a stable dose of allowed chronic medications for 6 months prior to entering the double-blind treatment period.
All participants must have the following laboratory values:

Hemoglobin ≥12 g/dl in males or ≥11 g/dl in females Serum creatinine ≤1.5 mg/dl AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤2.5 times upper limit of normal Alkaline phosphatase ≤2.5 times upper limit of normal

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients will be excluded if any of the following criteria are present:

Individuals with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes and a FPG ≥ 300 mg/dl; poor compliance with insulin therapy.
Subjects on sulfonylureas, metformin and/or TZDs unless the dose has been stable for at least 6 months prior to study entry.
Patients on any of the following medications: thiazide or furosemide diuretics, beta-blockers, or other chronic medications with known adverse effects on glucose tolerance levels unless the patient has been on stable doses of such agents for the past two months before entry into the study. Patients may be taking stable doses of estrogens or other hormonal replacement therapy if the patient has been on these agents for the prior two months. Patients taking systemic glucocorticoids will be excluded.
Past (within 1 year) or current history of alcohol abuse.
Patients will be excluded if there is a history of clinically significant heart disease (New York Heart Classification greater than grade II), peripheral vascular disease (history of claudication), or pulmonary disease (dyspnea on exertion of one flight or less; abnormal breath sounds on auscultation) or chronic renal failure (serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl).