Intervention: Mafenide Acetate
Trial phase: Phase 4
SMILES: CC(=O)O.NCc1ccc(S(N)(=O)=O)cc1
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 138
Group description: Prospective subjects with thermal injuries of 20-60% TBSA on the chest, abdomen, or proximal upper and lower extremities requiring meshed autografts on these areas will receive SS5% as the initial topical moist dressing over the meshed autograft(s) placed at the initial graft procedure (Day 1).

Sulfamylon® (mafenide acetate) For 5 % Topical Solution: Sulfamylon® For 5% Topical Solution is indicated for use as an adjunctive topical antimicrobial agent to control bacterial infection when used under moist dressings over meshed autografts on excised burn wounds.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

In order for prospective subjects to be eligible for entry into the study:

Subjects must have thermal injuries of 20-60% TBSA requiring at least one meshed autograft on the chest, abdomen, or proximal upper and lower extremities following surgical excision of the burn injury. Refer to Supplement 20.3.2: Lund Browder charts
Subjects may be male or female, 3 months of age or older
Females of childbearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test upon admission and agree to avoid pregnancy throughout the course of the study. Since this population is hospitalized for the duration of the study, an agreement of sexual abstinence is appropriate for this trial. Those subjects who do not wish to commit to sexual abstinence for the duration of this study must agree to avoid pregnancy by using a medically supervised method of contraception (such as hormonal contraception in conjunction with a vaginal spermicide or a tubal ligation at least 3 months prior to study entry)
Subjects must be willing and able to provide written informed consent. If subjects are unable to provide written informed consent, then the subject's legally acceptable representative may provide written informed consent in accordance with the IRB/IEC, and federal, state and local regulations.

Exclusion Criteria:

Prospective subjects will be excluded from the study for the following reasons:

Non-thermal burn injuries
Inhalation injuries resulting in a PaO2 /FIO2 ratio < 300 mmHg on more than one arterial blood gas in the first 48 hours post-admission
Females who are currently pregnant or breast feeding, or who intend to become pregnant during the course of the study
Subjects with acute renal failure
Subjects with known systemic allergy to sulfonamides or to sulfur-containing medication
Time interval between burn injury and excision and grafting is greater than 7 days
Grafting procedures that are conducted and/or evaluated on an outpatient basis
Inability to use a meshed autograft as part of the initial grafting procedure
Inability to use SS5% as the only initial prophylactic topical antimicrobial therapy on meshed autografts
Thermal burn injuries less than 20% or greater than 60% TBSA
Subjects who are participating in any other clinical studies involving any investigational product, or who have participated in such a study within the previous 30 days
Subjects with known glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency