Intervention: Entecavir
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: J05AF10
SMILES: C=C1[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1n1cnc2c(=O)nc(N)[nH]c21
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 46
Group description: Entecavir tablets, Oral, 0.5 mg, once daily, up to 48 weeks (Includes 6 participants of the Hispanic cohort)
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Chronic HBV infection, with either HBeAg-positive (HBeAb-negative) or HBeAg-negative (HBeAb-positive) disease
Black/African American Race and/or Hispanic ethnicity
Nucleoside/tide-naive
Males or females ≥ 16 years of age (or minimum age required in a given country)
Compensated liver function
ALT of 1.3 to 10 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
No Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or hepatitis D virus (HDV)

Exclusion Criteria

Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) who are unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method to avoid pregnancy for the entire study period and for up to 6 weeks after study medication has been discontinued
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
Women with a positive pregnancy test on enrollment or prior to study drug administration
Evidence of decompensated cirrhosis including but not limited to: variceal bleeding; hepatic encephalopathy; or ascites requiring management with diuretics or paracentesis
Recent history of pancreatitis (resolution of any recent pancreatitis must be documented by normal lipase at least 12 weeks prior to the first dose of study medication)
Currently abusing illegal drugs or alcohol sufficient, in the investigator's opinion, to prevent adequate compliance with study therapy or to increase the risk of hepatotoxicity or pancreatitis
Other serious medical conditions that might preclude completion of this study or that require chronic administration of prohibited medications
Serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL
Hemoglobin < 10.0 g/dL
Platelet count < 70,000/mm3
Absolute neutrophil count < 1200 cells/mm3
Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level > 100 ng/mL. If the AFP level is between 21 and 100 ng/mL, it must be repeated. If the repeat AFP level is between 21 and 100 ng/mL and if ultrasonography or computerized tomography (CT) of the liver performed prior to the first dose of study medication does not demonstrate a focal lesion suggestive of carcinoma, the subject may be dosed in the study
Known history of allergy to nucleoside analogues
Any prior therapy with Entecavir
Any prior or concomitant use of nucleoside or nucleotide analogue antiviral agents with activity against hepatitis B (e.g., ETV, lamivudine (LVD), tenofovir [TDF], emtricitabine (FTC), clevudine, telbivudine [LdT], famciclovir), or any other experimental anti-HBV antiviral agent
Therapy with interferon, thymosin alpha or other immunostimulators within 24 weeks of enrollment (i.e., dosing) into this study
Subjects who require chronic administration of concomitant medications which cause immunosuppression or which are associated with a high rate of nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity, or which affect renal excretion, should not be enrolled in this study
Unable to tolerate oral medication
Poor peripheral venous access
Prisoners or subjects who are compulsorily detained (involuntarily incarcerated) for treatment of either a psychiatric or physical (e.g., infectious disease) illness must not be enrolled into this study