Intervention: Ampreloxetine
Trial phase: Phase 3
SMILES: Fc1cc(F)c(OCc2ccccc2C2CCNCC2)c(F)c1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 96
Group description: Participants received ampreloxetine at a dose of 10 mg once daily (QD) for 4 weeks.

Ampreloxetine: Oral tablet, QD
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Subject is male or female and at least 30 years old.
Subject must meet the diagnostic criteria of symptomatic nOH, as demonstrated by a sustained reduction in BP of ≥20 mm Hg (systolic) or ≥10 mm Hg (diastolic) within 3 minutes of being tilted-up to ≥60o from a supine position as determined by a tilt-table test.
Subject must score at least a 4 on the Orthostatic Hypotension Symptom Assessment Question #1 at randomization visit.
For subjects with PD only: Subject has a diagnosis of PD according to the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society (UKPDS) Brain Bank Criteria (1992).
For subjects with MSA only: Subject has a diagnosis of possible or probable MSA of the Parkinsonian subtype (MSA-P) or cerebellar subtype (MSA-C) according to The Gilman Criteria (2008).
For subjects with PAF only: Subject has documented impaired autonomic reflexes, including the Valsalva maneuver performed within 24 months from the date of randomization.
Subject has plasma NE levels >100 pg/mL after being in seated position for 30 minutes.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subject has a known systemic illness known to produce autonomic neuropathy, including but not limited to amyloidosis, and autoimmune neuropathies.
Subject has a known intolerance to other NRIs or SNRIs.
Subject currently uses concomitant antihypertensive medication for the treatment of essential hypertension unrelated to autonomic dysfunction.
Subject has used strong CYP1A2 inhibitors or inducers within 7 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, prior to randomization or requires concomitant use until the follow-up visit.

Subject has changed dose, frequency, or type of prescribed medication for orthostatic hypotension within 7 days prior to V1.

Midodrine and droxidopa (if applicable) must be tapered off at least 7 days prior to V1.
Subject has a known or suspected alcohol or substance abuse within the past 12 months (DSM-IV-TR® definition of alcohol or substance abuse).
Subject has a clinically unstable coronary artery disease, or major cardiovascular or neurological event in the past 6 months.
Subject has used any monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO-I) within 14 days prior to randomization.
Subject has a history of untreated closed angle glaucoma, or treated closed angle glaucoma that, in the opinion of an ophthalmologist, might result in an increased risk to the subject.
Subject has any significant uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia.
Subject has a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) ≤23.
Subject had a myocardial infarction in the past 6 months or has current unstable angina.
Subject has known congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class 3 or 4).
Subject has a clinically significant abnormal laboratory findings (e.g., alanine aminotransferase [ALT] or aspartate aminotransferase [AST] >3.0 x upper limit of normal [ULN]; blood bilirubin [total] >1.5 x ULN; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73m2, or any abnormal laboratory value that could interfere with safety of the subject).
Subject has demonstrated a history of lifetime suicidal ideation and/or suicidal behavior, as outlined by the C-SSRS (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) (Baseline/Screening Version) subject should be assessed by the rater for risk of suicide and the subject's appropriateness for inclusion in the study.