Intervention: Imatinib
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: L01EA01 | L01XE01
SMILES: Cc1ccc(NC(=O)c2ccc(CN3CCN(C)CC3)cc2)cc1Nc1nccc(-c2cccnc2)n1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 532
Group description: Participants received STI571, capsules or tablets, orally, once a day at a dose of 400 mg. During the Core Phase of the study, participants received STI571 daily for up to 12 months. Participants completing 12 months of therapy were eligible to continue treatment in the Extension Phase of the study, and they continued STI571 for as long as the therapy was beneficial or until death, intolerable toxicity or the decision to discontinue by the investigator, whichever came first. (Maximum duration on study was approximately 14 years).
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Participants included in the study were:

Consenting males or females greater than or equal to (≥)18 years of age with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

With a documented failure of interferon-alpha (IFN) or an IFN-containing therapy, characterized as resistance or refractoriness defined as any of the following:

Hematologic Resistance - Failure to achieve a complete hematological response (CHR), lasting for at least 1 month despite 6 or more months of IFN or an IFN-containing regimen, in which IFN was administered at a dose of at least 25 million international units (MIU) per week. During this treatment period the cumulative duration of hydroxyurea therapy may not have exceeded 50% of the treatment period with the IFN-containing regimen.
Cytogenetic Resistance - Bone marrow cytogenetics showing ≥65% Ph+ after one year of IFN-based therapy,
Cytogenetic Refractoriness - An increase in the Ph+ chromosome in BM cells by at least 30 percentage points (e.g. from 20% to 50%, or from 30% to 60%) confirmed by two samples at least 1 month apart, or an absolute increase to ≥65%,
Hematologic Refractoriness - A rising white blood cell count (WBC) [to a level ≥20 x 10^9/L confirmed by two samples taken at least two weeks apart] for participants achieving a complete hematologic response while receiving IFN or an IFN-containing regimen. This regimen must have included IFN at a dose of at least 25 MIU administered per week. During this treatment period the cumulative duration of hydroxyurea therapy may not have exceeded 50% of the treatment period with the IFN-containing regimen.

In this report all refractory populations were referred to as "relapsed" populations.

With a documented intolerance to IFN therapy defined as a ≥Grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity persisting for at least one month, for participants receiving IFN or an IFN- containing regimen. IFN was to be administered at a dose of at least 25 MIU/week. Participants who were intolerant of IFN were to have been diagnosed ≥6 months prior to the time of entry into the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

Participants excluded from the study were:

Females of childbearing potential without a negative pregnancy test prior to the initiation of study drug. Barrier contraceptive precautions were to be used throughout the trial in both sexes.
With serum bilirubin and creatinine concentrations more than twice the upper limit of the normal range (ULN).
With serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) more than twice the ULN.
With >15% of blasts or basophils in peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM).
With ≥30% of blasts plus promyelocytes in PB or BM.
With a platelet count of less than (<)100 x 10^9/L.
With an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status Score ≥3.
Receiving busulfan within 6 weeks of Day 1.
Receiving treatment with IFN or cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) within 14 days of Day 1.
Receiving treatment with hydroxyurea within 7 days of Day 1.
Receiving other investigational agents within 28 days of Day 1.
With prior marrow or stem cell transplantation.