Intervention: Cannabidiol
Trial phase: Phase 1
ATC code: N03AX24
SMILES: C=C(C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=C[C@H]1c1c(O)cc(CCCCC)cc1O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 80
Group description: The participants (or their caregivers) self-administered CBD 100mg/mL oral solution at a starting dose of 5 mg/kg/day in twice daily dosing and titrated by 5 mg/kg/2 weeks up to 25 mg/kg/day. Additional increases in dosing, by 5 mg/kg/day up to a maximum of 50 mg/kg/day, was instituted at the discretion of the treating PI.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Any patient with disabling epilepsy with diagnosis confirmed by video/EEG monitoring, and
Patient should have history of a trial of at least four anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) including one trial of a combination of two concomitant AEDs, without successful seizure control. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) deep brain stimulation, or the ketogenic diet can be considered an equivalent to a drug trial,
Between 1-4 baseline anti-epileptic drugs at stable doses for a minimum of 4 weeks prior to submitting records for review by the CBD Treatment Approval Committee.
VNS or RNS must be on stable settings for a minimum of 3 months,
If on ketogenic diet, must be on stable ratio for a minimum of 3 months.

The referring provider needs to make available for review all of the following:

Most recent Brain MRI report,
Most recent ECG report,
Video/EEG monitoring report confirming the diagnosis of epilepsy,
Evidence that the patient has failed 4 AEDs as indicated above,
Current Medication List
Patient must have at least 4 clinically countable seizures per month.
Seizure history to include a documented history of generalized seizures (drop attacks, atonic, tonic-clonic and/or myoclonic), focal seizures without loss of consciousness with a motor component, focal seizures with loss of consciousness, or focal seizures with secondary generalization,
Results of routine testing including blood work (Complete Blood Count (CBC), Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP), Liver Function Tests (LFTs), renal panel, Urinary Analysis (UA), and levels of all AEDs) and digital copy of a routine EEG along with the formal written report performed within 3 months prior to submitting records for CBD Treatment Approval review. If any AED dose was adjusted within 3 months prior to submitting records for CBD Treatment Approval Committee review, level on the new dose will need to be provided. If applicable, results of any metabolic or genetic testing performed should be included in submitted records for review:
If applicable, documentation (including date of surgery) of prior VNS, RNS, Corpus Callosotomy, or other epilepsy surgery the patient has received.
Age 15 years and older,
Patients are able to keep and provide seizure calendar for at least 3 months prior to submitting records for CBD Treatment Approval Committee review. The patient will need to provide an updated calendar at the time of enrollment,
Acceptable method of contraception (or abstinence) for women of childbearing potential and for male patients with partners of childbearing potential; female patients must have a negative urine pregnancy test on the day of initiating CBD,
For patients who agree to participate in the optional neuroimaging sub-study, an MRI screen will be obtained to show that the patient does not have contraindication to receiving MRI/function MRI (fMRI) at 3 Tesla (e.g., metallic artifact).
Approval for inclusion by the CBD Treatment Approval Committee.
Current State of Alabama Resident

Acceptable documentation of Alabama residency includes the following:

a state issued identification (ID), such as a driver's license, from patient or patient's parent/legally authorized representative (LAR).
documents showing the patient or patient's parent/LAR rents/owns property in the state,
state voter registration from patient or patient's parent/LAR, or
a recent state tax return from patient or patient's parent/LAR.

Exclusion Criteria:

Active Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES); Patients with more than 1 year freedom from PNES will not be excluded,
Patients who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or not using acceptable methods of contraception during the course of the study and for three months thereafter,
Male patient's partner is of child bearing potential; unless willing to ensure that they (male patients) or their partner(s) are using acceptable methods of contraception during the course of the study and for three months thereafter,
History of substance abuse/addiction,
Use of medical marijuana or CBD based product in the past 30 days,
Initiation of felbamate within last 12 months,
Allergy to CBD or any marijuana-type products,
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) >5 x Upper Limit of Normal (ULN) or Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) >5 x ULN, as seen in participant's laboratory results submitted to the CBD Treatment Approval Committee for review.
Hemoglobin <10 or Hematocrit <30 or White Blood Count (WBC) < 2000, as seen in participant's laboratory results submitted to the CBD Treatment Approval Committee for review.
In investigator's judgment, active medical condition/treatment that impacts study activities.
Unable to provide consent (and no LAR),
Unable/Failure to comply with study visits/requirements and/or instructions,

Confirmed diagnosis for Dravet Syndrome or Lennox Gastaut Syndrome that qualifies the patient for a Greenwich (GW) Dravet Syndrome or Lennox Gastaut Syndrome randomized controlled clinical trial for which the patient is eligible pursuant to the GW clinical trial enrollment criteria unless

(a) there is no study that is either actively open for enrollment of patients at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) or that is expected to actively begin enrolling patients at UAB within two (2) months of the date on which the patient is screened for the UAB Pediatric CBD Program or UAB Adult CBD Program,
Subjects with contraindications to MRI/fMRI at 3 Tesla (e.g., metallic artifact) will not be offered participation in the optional substudy.
Primary residence in a State different than Alabama.