anthonyyazdaniml/CT-ADE-SOC huggingface dataset:
Intervention: Hypericum
Trial phase: Not Applicable
SMILES: CC1(C)SC2C(NC=O)C(=O)N2C1C(=O)O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 26
Group description: Subjects in this arm received 810 mg/day of St. John's Wort taken orally (in three tablets of 270mg each) for 12 weeks.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Minor Depression symptoms for at least 6 months
Endorse one of the DSM-IV "A" criteria for MDD and at least one other symptom of MDD or endorse both of the "A" criteria for MDD
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score < 70
Short form health survey (SF-36) social functioning score <= 75% or an emotional role functioning score <= 67%
HAM-D-17 score 10-17, inclusive
Minor depression symptoms for at least 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) or dysthymia within the past year or in partial remission of MDD
At least a 12-week course of either citalopram at a minimum or 40 mg/day or St. John's Wort at a minimum of 900 mg/day during the current episode of depression
Previous intolerance to either citalopram or St. John's Wort or history of nonresponse to either citalopram at a minimum of 40 mg/day or St. John's Wort at a minimum of 900 mg/day for at least 12 weeks
Unstable medical illness, including cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, respiratory, endocrine, neurologic, or hematologic disease
Uncontrolled seizure disorder
The following DSM-IV diagnoses: organic mental disorders; substance use disorders, including alcohol, active within the last year or patients with a positive urine drug screen; schizophrenia; delusional disorder; psychotic disorders not elsewhere classified; bipolar disorder; bereavement; adjustment disorder; antisocial personality disorder; panic disorder, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Patients may have a lifetime diagnosis of an anxiety disorder as long as it is not current.
Mood-congruent or mood-incongruent psychotic features
Psychotropic drugs
Hypothyroidism
Investigational psychotropic drugs within the last year
Positive toxicology screen
Medications metabolized by the CYP3A4 system, where induction of this system poses a risk to the medical stability of the patient
Pregnancy or refusal to use a medically accepted method of contraception
Serious suicide or homicide risk
Psychotherapy beginning less than 3 months ago
Intervention: Methylphenidate
Trial phase: Not Applicable
ATC code: N06BA04 | N06BA11 | N06BA15
SMILES: COC(=O)C(c1ccccc1)C1CCCCN1
Sex: All
Age groups: Child
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 153
Group description: 0.3 mg/kg MPH, No BMOD
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
IQ >= 80

Exclusion Criteria:

History of seizures or other neurological problems
Medical history that would involve considerable risk in taking stimulant medication
History or concurrent diagnosis of any of the following disorders: pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, sexual disorder, organic mental disorder, or eating disorder
Intervention: Buspirone Hydrochloride
Trial phase: Phase 2 | Phase 3
SMILES: Cl.O=C1CC2(CCCC2)CC(=O)N1CCCCN1CCN(c2ncccn2)CC1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 213
Group description: buspirone hydrochloride: The dose of buspirone will be 10 mg taken by mouth at bedtime for 3 days, then twice each day, in the morning and at bedtime for the remainder of the 28 day study period
Eligibility criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

Diagnosis of cancer

Treatment includes the following scenarios:

May have had prior chemotherapy course(s)

Scheduled to receive at least 2 courses of chemotherapy

Courses may include multiple treatment days such as days 1-5 or day 1-day 8 regimens and may include oral regimens

Dyspnea as a symptom within the past 5 days (defined by a score of at least grade 2 on the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale)

All underlying causes of dyspnea have received medical treatment per best clinical judgement of treating physician

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age

18 and over

Performance status

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0-2

Life expectancy

Not specified

Hematopoietic

Not specified

Hepatic

Adequate hepatic function (determined by treating oncologist)

Renal

Adequate renal function (determined by treating oncologist)

Cardiovascular

Adequate cardiac function (determined by treating oncologist)

Other

Not pregnant or nursing
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
No history of mania or seizures
No prior hospitalization for any psychiatric condition
No prior hypersensitivity to buspirone
Able to swallow medication

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy

Not specified

Chemotherapy

See Disease Characteristics

Endocrine therapy

Not specified

Radiotherapy

Concurrent radiotherapy allowed

Surgery

Not specified

Other

At least 2 weeks since prior and no concurrent monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Concurrent narcotic medications allowed
Concurrent benzodiazepine medications allowed
Concurrent serotonin reuptake inhibitors allowed
No concurrent alcohol
Intervention: Protirelin
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: V04CJ02
SMILES: NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(Cc1cnc[nH]1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1
Sex: All
Age groups: Child | Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 96
Group description: Subjects receiving TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone)
Eligibility criteria:
DIAGNOSTIC STUDY PROTOCOL

Inclusion Criteria:

-All adults and children requiring dynamic testing of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis for the evaluation of pituitary reserve, inconsistent thyroid function test, inappropriate TSH secretion, or pre-and post-operative evaluation of pituitary adenomas (glycoprotein hormone secreting tumors, growth hormone secreting tumors and TSH secreting tumors).

Exclusion Criteria:

Uncontrolled hypertension;
Uncontrolled seizure disorder;
Unstable coronary disease;
Known allergy to TRH.

RESEARCH PROTOCOLS

-TRH is available for use in other IRB approved research protocols either using the standard diagnostic testing protocol or the modified TRH test.

Exclusion Criteria:

Untreated hypertension;
Coronary artery disease;
History of asthma;
History of seizures;
Pregnancy;
Known allergy to TRH.
Intervention: Dutasteride
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: G04CA52 | G04CB02
SMILES: [H][C@@]12CC[C@@]3([H])NC(=O)C=C[C@]3(C)[C@@]1([H])CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]1([H])C(=O)Nc1cc(C(F)(F)F)ccc1C(F)(F)F
Sex: Male
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 4105
Group description: Dutasteride 0.5 milligrams (mg), repeat oral once daily dosing for 4 years. Dutasteride supplied as gelatin capsule.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

Informed consent to participate in study.
Have had a single negative prostate biopsy within 6 months prior to enrollment in study.
Have a PSA (prostate specific antigen) between 2.5 and 10 if 50-60 years of age; or a PSA between 3.0 and 10 if over age 60.
Ability and will to participate in study for 4 years.

Exclusion criteria:

More than one previous negative prostate biopsy.
History of prostate cancer.
Previous prostate surgery.
Inability to urinate requiring the need of a catheter during the previous 2 years.
Any condition (other than benign prostatic hypertrophy) which may result in urinary symptoms or changes in urine flow rate.
Cancer within previous 5 years (other than basal or squamous cell cancers of the skin).
Any unstable serious medical condition.
Use within the past 12 months of finasteride (Proscar or Propecia), dutasteride (Avodart), testosterone, or drugs that can block the action of male hormones.
Intervention: Risperidone
Trial phase: Phase 4
ATC code: N05AX08
SMILES: Cc1nc2n(c(=O)c1CCN1CCC(c3noc4cc(F)ccc34)CC1)CCCC2
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 30
Group description: Participants assigned to risperidone
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
Current clozapine treatment
Moderate illness severity and inadequate positive symptom response to clozapine treatment
6 month period of clozapine treatment with documented clozapine blood level greater than or equal to 350 ng/ml or clozapine and norclozapine blood level greater than or equal to 450 ng/ml

Exclusion Criteria:

Organic brain disorder
Mental retardation
Medical condition whose pathology or treatment could alter the presentation or treatment of schizophrenia or significantly increase the risk associated with the proposed treatment protocol
Pregnancy
DSM-IV criteria for current alcohol or substance dependence within the last 6 months or DSM-IV criteria for alcohol or substance abuse within the last month
Previously received adjunctive risperidone (at doses greater than or equal to 8 mg/day) with their clozapine treatment for greater than or equal to 6 weeks
Intervention: Gemcitabine
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: L01BC05
SMILES: Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C2(F)F)c(=O)n1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 35
Group description: Induction: Patients will receive the first cycle of gemcitabine 1000 mg/m² intravenously once per week for 6 weeks followed by 1 week rest.

Consolidation: Following the week of rest, treatment will resume with 1000 mg/m² administered intravenously once per week for 3 weeks, followed by 1 week rest, for 5 (4-week) cycles.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

Locally advanced or regional (encompassable within the same radiotherapy portals)
Adenosquamous cancers are allowed
Unresectable disease
Measurable and/or non-measurable disease as determined by computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which must be performed within 4 weeks prior to randomization.
Age>=18
ECOG Performance status of 0-1
Life expectancy >= 12 weeks

Adequate bone marrow reserve,liver and renal function within 2 weeks of randomization:

Absolute granulocyte count at least 2,000/mm^3
Platelet count at least 100,000/mm^3
Bilirubin less than 3 mg/dL (unless secondary to biliary obstruction or cholangitis)
Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic (AST) less than 5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
Albumin greater than 2.5 g/dL
Creatinine no greater than 1.5 times ULN
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
Willing and able to attend follow-up visits
Concurrent enrollment on protocol ECOG-E1Y03 allowed
More than 4 weeks since prior investigational agents

Exclusion Criteria:

Candidate for surgical excision based on local extent of disease (e.g., T3, N1, M0)
Stage M1 disease
Small cell, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, islet cell or papillary cystic histology
Pregnant or nursing
Active infection within within 4 weeks of randomization
Malignancy within the past 5 years except nonmelanoma skin cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or organ-confined prostate cancer (Gleason score no greater than 7)
History of active collagen vascular disease (i.e., systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or scleroderma)
Signs or symptoms of peptic or duodenal ulcer disease
Concurrent serious systemic disorders that are incompatible with study participation
Prior chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer
Prior radiotherapy
Concurrent intensity modulated radiotherapy
Intervention: SODIUM CHLORIDE
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: A12CA01 | B05CB01 | B05XA03 | S01XA03
SMILES: [Cl-].[Na+]
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 843
Group description: Normal Saline: Paramedics initiate a loading dose of placebo normal saline IV over 15 minutes, followed after hospital arrival by a maintenance infusion of placebo normal saline IV over 24 hours.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Suspected stroke identified by the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen
Age 40-95, inclusive
Last known well time within 2 hours of treatment initiation
Deficit present for >/= 15 minutes

Exclusion Criteria:

Coma
Rapidly improving neurologic deficit
Pre-existing neurologic, psychiatric, or advanced systemic disease that would confound the neurological or functional outcome evaluations
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) < 90 or > 220
Known severe renal dysfunction (on dialysis or known chronic creatinine > 3.0)
Severe respiratory distress (O2 sat < 90% or respiratory rate < 12 or >/= 24)
Known second or third degree heart block with no pacemaker in place
Major head trauma in the last 24 hours
Recent stroke within prior 30 days
Patient unable to give informed consent and no available on scene consent or assent provider
Intervention: Magnesium Sulfate
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: A06AD04 | A12CC02 | B05XA05 | D11AX05 | V04CC02
SMILES: O=S(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2]
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 857
Group description: Magnesium Sulfate: Paramedics initiate a loading dose of 4 grams magnesium sulfate IV over 15 minutes, followed after hospital arrival by a maintenance infusion of 16 grams magnesium sulfate IV over 24 hours.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Suspected stroke identified by the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen
Age 40-95, inclusive
Last known well time within 2 hours of treatment initiation
Deficit present for >/= 15 minutes

Exclusion Criteria:

Coma
Rapidly improving neurologic deficit
Pre-existing neurologic, psychiatric, or advanced systemic disease that would confound the neurological or functional outcome evaluations
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) < 90 or > 220
Known severe renal dysfunction (on dialysis or known chronic creatinine > 3.0)
Severe respiratory distress (O2 sat < 90% or respiratory rate < 12 or >/= 24)
Known second or third degree heart block with no pacemaker in place
Major head trauma in the last 24 hours
Recent stroke within prior 30 days
Patient unable to give informed consent and no available on scene consent or assent provider
Intervention: Nitric Oxide
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: R07AX01
SMILES: [N]=O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 73
Group description: Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) administered through the INOvent delivery system to subjects at 40 parts per million (ppm) for up to 48 hours
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

Scheduled to undergo their first LVAD implantation, (or at least 6 months after explanation of a previous LVAD).
Has a pulmonary vascular resistance of at least 2.5 Wood units (200 dynes/sec.) in the 30 days prior to LVAD placement.
Greater than 18 years of age.
Signed IRB approved informed consent.

Exclusion criteria:

Patients with congestive heart failure due to giant cell myocarditis or restrictive cardiomyopathy.
Elective Biventricular Assist Device (BiVAD) surgery, or current support with a temporary BiVad.
LVAD procedure expected to be done without cardiopulmonary bypass.
Pregnancy (a negative pregnancy test must be documented prior to enrollment).
Received nitric oxide by inhalation therapy within the past 24 hours.
Investigational drugs that are expected to change systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance are not allowed.
Intervention: Nitrogen
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: V03AN04
SMILES: N#N
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 77
Group description: Nitrogen (N2) administered through the INOvent delivery system to subjects at 40 ppm for up to 48 hours.
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

Scheduled to undergo their first LVAD implantation, (or at least 6 months after explanation of a previous LVAD).
Has a pulmonary vascular resistance of at least 2.5 Wood units (200 dynes/sec.) in the 30 days prior to LVAD placement.
Greater than 18 years of age.
Signed IRB approved informed consent.

Exclusion criteria:

Patients with congestive heart failure due to giant cell myocarditis or restrictive cardiomyopathy.
Elective Biventricular Assist Device (BiVAD) surgery, or current support with a temporary BiVad.
LVAD procedure expected to be done without cardiopulmonary bypass.
Pregnancy (a negative pregnancy test must be documented prior to enrollment).
Received nitric oxide by inhalation therapy within the past 24 hours.
Investigational drugs that are expected to change systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance are not allowed.
Intervention: Telavancin
Trial phase: Phase 2
ATC code: J01XA03
SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCNCCN[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](Oc3c4cc5cc3Oc3ccc(cc3Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]5C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)c5cc(O)c(CNCP(=O)(O)O)c(O)c5-c5cc3ccc5O)[C@H](O)c3ccc(c(Cl)c3)O4)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)O[C@@H](C)[C@H]1O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 84
Group description: Patients with complicated Gram-positive skin and skin structure infections were randomized to receive telavancin 10 mg/kg/day IV (intravenously)
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Patients must have a diagnosis of one of the following complicated skin and skin structure infections with either a suspected or confirmed Gram positive organism as the major cause of the infection:

major abscess requiring surgical incision and drainage
infected burn (see exclusion criteria for important qualifications)
deep/extensive cellulitis
infected ulcer (see exclusion criteria for important qualifications)
wound infections
Patients must be expected to require at least 4 days of intravenous antibiotic treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

Previous systemic antibacterial therapy (with the exception of aztreonam and metronidazole) for > 24 hours within 7 days prior to the first dose of study medication unless the pathogen was resistant to prior treatment or the patient was a treatment failure (no clinical improvement after 3 days).
Burns involving > 20% of body surface area or third degree/full thickness in nature, diabetic foot ulcers, ischemic ulcers/wounds, necrotizing fasciitis, gas gangrene, or mediastinitis.
Intervention: PG-530742
Trial phase: Phase 2
SMILES: COc1ccc(C(=O)Nc2ccc(S(=O)(=O)NC(CC#CCN3CCOCC3)C(=O)O)cc2)cc1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 125
Group description: PG-116800 tablet (200 mg) twice daily for 90 days
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion:

Be at least 18 years of age but not older than 80 years of age at screening;
Be diagnosed with a heart attack based on electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac enzymes criteria;
The qualifying heart attack has to be a first heart attack;
The qualifying heart attack has to result in a left ventricular ejection fraction (a measure of the working efficiency of the heart) between 15% and 40%.

Exclusion:

Documented previous history of heart attack;
Any past history of heart failure;
Hemodynamic instability (no instability of circulatory system);
History of congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathy (weakened heart muscle) associated with connective tissue disorders;
Recent history or current moderate-to-severe kidney or liver impairment;
Significant blood dyscrasias (disorders of the blood cells);
Females who are currently: pregnant; breast-feeding; or are of childbearing potential.
Intervention: Lamotrigine
Trial phase: Phase 3
ATC code: N03AX09
SMILES: Nc1nnc(-c2cccc(Cl)c2Cl)c(N)n1
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 61
Group description: Patients receive oral lamotrigine (25 mg per pill) once daily for 2 weeks and then twice daily for 8 weeks. Treatment continues for 10 weeks total in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
Eligibility criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

Diagnosis of cancer

Received, or are currently receiving, neurotoxic chemotherapy, including any of the following:

Taxanes (e.g., paclitaxel or docetaxel)
Platinum-based compounds (e.g., carboplatin, cisplatin, or oxaliplatin)
Vinca alkaloids (e.g., vincristine or vinblastine)

Experiencing pain or symptoms of peripheral neuropathy for at least 1 month attributed to chemotherapy

Average daily pain rating of at least 4 out of 10 OR
Peripheral neuropathy at least grade 1 out of 3 using ECOG sensory neuropathy rating

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age

18 and over

Life expectancy

At least 6 months

Hepatic

Bilirubin < 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN)

Renal

Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times ULN

Other

Not pregnant or nursing
Negative pregnancy test
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
No prior allergic reaction or intolerance to lamotrigine
No extreme difficulty swallowing pills

No other identified causes of painful paresthesia preceding chemotherapy, including any of the following:

Radiation or malignant plexopathy
Lumbar or cervical radiculopathy

Pre-existing peripheral neuropathy of another etiology, such as any of the following:

Cyanocobalamin deficiency
AIDS
Monoclonal gammopathy
Diabetes
Heavy metal poisoning amyloidosis
Syphilis
Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
Inherited neuropathy
No significant psychiatric illness (e.g., mania, psychosis, or schizophrenia) that would preclude study participation
Able to complete questionnaires

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Chemotherapy

See Disease Characteristics
More than 7 days since prior methotrexate or other dihydrofolate inhibitors

Other

More than 7 days since prior, and no concurrent use of any of the following:

Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, nortriptyline, or desipramine)

Concurrent selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors allowed
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Opioid analgesics
Anticonvulsants (e.g., gabapentin, topiramate, valproic acid, or clonazepam)

Adjuvant analgesics (e.g., mexiletine)

Prior nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs allowed
Topical analgesics (e.g., lidocaine gel or patch) to the affected area
Amifostine
More than 30 days since prior investigational agents for pain control
No other concurrent investigational agents for pain control
Intervention: Ademetionine
Trial phase: Phase 2 | Phase 3
ATC code: A16AA02
SMILES: C[S+](CC[C@H](N)C(=O)[O-])C[C@H]1O[C@@H](n2cnc3c(N)ncnc32)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 12
Group description: Group A/Forty patients receiving oral SAM-e, 1200mg or 2400 mg
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease as indicated by the presence of at least two of the following signs: resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, or postural reflex impairment
Stable anti-parkinson medication regimen, with no change in medications in the 4 weeks prior to study entry
No antidepressant or antipsychotic medications within 30 days prior to study entry
Agree not to start other pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, or behavior therapy while participating in the trial
Acceptable methods of contraception
Ability to read and/or follow written and oral instructions presented in English
Sufficient cognitive ability (baseline Mini-Mental Status > 24) to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

History of cardiac, hepatic, renal, hematologic, respiratory, endocrine, vascular, metabolic, or other systems abnormalities that are clinically relevant in the opinion of study officials
Certain abnormal laboratory values
Pregnant or breastfeeding
Use of an investigational drug within 3 months of study entry
Use of St. John's Wort or any other "natural" product known to have mood enhancing properties in the 30 days prior to study entry
Selegiline or other monoamine oxidase inhibitor within the 6 weeks prior to study entry
Regular usage of anti-anxiety medications or habitual use of sleep medications, although occasional use of certain hypnotics (temazepam, melatonin, or zolpidem) is allowed
Psychotherapy initiated in the 6 months prior to study entry
History of bipolar disorder, hypomania, mania, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder
Serious suicidal attempt in the 12 months prior to study entry or serious suicidal tendencies/potential
Use of dopamine receptor antagonist (metoclopramide, haloperidol)
Secondary Parkinsonian symptoms due to drugs (including dopamine receptor antagonists), metabolic disorders, cerebrovascular disease, encephalitis, or other degenerative diseases