Intervention: Hydroxychloroquine
Trial phase: Not Applicable
ATC code: P01BA02
SMILES: CCN(CCO)CCCC(C)Nc1ccnc2cc(Cl)ccc12
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 10
Group description: hydroxychloroquine twice daily for 4 weeks

Hydroxychloroquine: 200mg twice daily
Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects between the age of 18 and 75, either gender, any ethnic group
Subjects must have type 2 diabetes and the following:
A1c of 6.5-9.0%
Treated with at least 1000 mg of metformin daily with or without a dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP4)inhibitor, a sulfonylurea (glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride),bromocriptine or colesevelam.
Subjects should have a BMI >27

Exclusion Criteria:

Prior treatment with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine as follows:

any exposure in the past 2 years,
>30 days of therapy if exposure was between 2 and 5 years ago,
>90 days of therapy if exposure was between 5 and 10 years ago,
>6 months of therapy if exposure was 10 to 20 years ago,
>1 year of therapy if exposure was 20 to 30 years ago,
No limit if last exposure was >30 years ago, e.g. during the Vietnam conflict.
Morbid obesity (BMI >45)
Coronary artery disease or other vascular disease
History of stroke
Serum creatinine >-4 mg/dl for women and >-5 mg/dl for men.
Seizure disorder
History of psoriasis
Hematologic disorders, including anemia (WHO criteria for anemia:hemoglobin <13g/dL in men and <12 g/dL in women)
Current malignancy or active treatment for recurrence prevention,e.g. tamoxifen. Cancer considered to be cured, either as a result of surgery or other treatment is not exclusionary.
Asthma requiring daily beta agonist therapy or intermittent oral steroids is exclusionary. Inhaled steroids are acceptable. Obstructive sleep apnea will be allowed if continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) or other therapy has been stable for 6 months. Other active respiratory diseases are excluded.
Treatment with 50mg or greater of Metoprolol or treatment with digoxin
Liver disease, or Liver Function Test >2 times normal
Active infection (including HIV)
Serious illness requiring ongoing medical care or medication
Treatment with atypical anti-psychotic medication. Treatment with any other medication for psychiatric illness, unless on a stable dose for 6 weeks prior to enrollment. Patients with unstable psychiatric disorders are excluded per the decision of the study MD regardless of medication history.
Taking any of the following lipid lowering medications: niacin, fibrates, and greater than 1 gm/day of fish oils
Uncontrolled hypertension (BP >150/90 mm Hg) at enrollment
Need for daily Over The Counter medications, or currently taking cimetidine or >1000 IU vitamin E daily and unwilling to reduce or discontinue vitamin E or discontinue cimetidine for the duration of the study. Patients taking more than 1000 IU vitamin E daily should reduce or discontinue the vitamin for 30 days before randomization.
Pregnant or lactating women, or women intending to become pregnant
Women not using adequate birth control (hormonal birth control is acceptable, also double barrier)
QT corrected >450 msec on screening ECG
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency