Intervention: Exeporfinium chloride
Trial phase: Phase 2
SMILES: C[N+](C)(C)CCCOc1ccc(-c2c3nc(cc4ccc([nH]4)c(-c4ccc(OCCC[N+](C)(C)C)cc4)c4nc(cc5ccc2[nH]5)C=C4)C=C3)cc1.[Cl-].[Cl-]
Sex: All
Age groups: Adult | Older Adult
Healthy volunteers: No
Participants at risk: 63
Group description: Participants received 0.3 mL applications in each naris of 0.2% w/w XF-73 nasal gel 4 times in one day prior to surgery and once more after surgery, for a cumulative dose of 6.0 mg of XF-73.
Eligibility criteria:
Individuals who meet all of the following criteria are eligible to participate in the study.

Male or female patients between 18 and 75 years of age.
Patients who are confirmed nasal S. aureus carriers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screen assay, and due to undergo surgical procedure.
Patients who are willing to provide written informed consent.
Patients who are willing and able (as per Investigator judgment) to complete all protocol specified visits and assessments.

Woman of childbearing potential* with a negative urine pregnancy test (sensitive to 25 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)).

Women of childbearing potential are defined as those women between menarche and menopause who have not undergone permanent sterilisation. Permanent sterilisation methods include hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, and bilateral oophorectomy.

Individuals who meet any of the following criteria are not eligible to participate in the study.

Pregnancy (current) or currently lactating.
Uncontrolled acute or chronic illness (as determined by the investigator) in addition to those requiring the planned surgical intervention.
History of atopy, allergic reactions or hypersensitivity to the study medication or its components.
Current upper respiratory tract infection, cold or influenza with significant nasal symptoms that might impact on the patient's ability to comply with the gel application procedure.
History of photosensitivity.
Family history of porphyria.
Use of intra-nasal topical or systemic antibiotics or anti-infectives within the last 4 weeks before screening. (Patients who screen positive for nasal carriage of S. aureus and receive topical or systemic antibiotics or anti-infectives which are not part of their prophylactic peri-operative SOC between screening and first dose of investigational medicinal product (IMP) will be excluded from the study.) The use of intra-nasal antibiotics or anti-infectives other than the study medication prior to surgery is not allowed.
Use of other prescribed or over the counter nasal medication in the last 14 days, or oral decongestants in the last 7 days before first administration of study drug.
Participation in a clinical trial within the last 12 weeks before first administration of study drug.
Contemporaneous clinically significant abnormalities in vital signs or laboratory analyses reported within 14 days prior to randomization which in the opinion of the Investigator would preclude from the safety assessment of the medication under study.
Nasal polyps or significant anatomical or other nasal abnormality that would prevent from appropriate administration of the study treatment or represent an excessive risk for the patient's participation.
History of nasal surgery including cauterization.
A recent history of frequent epistaxis and/or an episode of epistaxis within 3 months of the planned surgery.
Use of in situ nasal jewellery or existence of open nasal piercings.