ansulev/circl-vulnerability-scores huggingface dataset:
GHSA-crxc-8h2p-6c8g: The phpinfo implementation in ext/standard/info.c in PHP before 5.4.30 and 5.5.x before 5.5.14 does not ensure use of the string data type for the PHP_AUTH_PW, PHP_AUTH_TYPE, PHP_AUTH_USER, and PHP_SELF variables, which might allow context-dependent attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory by using the integer data type with crafted values, related to a "type confusion" vulnerability, as demonstrated by reading a private SSL key in an Apache HTTP Server web-hosting environment with mod_ssl and a PHP 5.3.x mod_php.
GHSA-jhj6-3653-rmq8: This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in Apple Music Classical 2.3 for Android. An app may be able to unexpectedly leak a user's credentials.
CVSS v3.1: 6.2
GHSA-4262-wr7p-gpcj: Rundeck Community Edition vulnerable to Cross-site Scripting
An XSS issue was discovered on the Job Edit page in Rundeck Community Edition before 3.0.13, related to assets/javascripts/workflowStepEditorKO.js and views/execution/_wfitemEdit.gsp.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
cisco-sa-NFVIS-MUL-7DySRX9: Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an attacker to escape from the guest virtual machine (VM) to the host machine, inject commands that execute at the root level, or leak system data from the host to the VM.

For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details ["#details"] section of this advisory.

Cisco has released software updates that address these vulnerabilities. There are no workarounds that address these vulnerabilities.


CVSS v3.1: 7.4
CVE-2025-9319: A potential vulnerability was reported in the Lenovo Wallpaper Client that could allow arbitrary code execution under certain conditions.
CVSS v4.0: 7.5
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-pwww-grqm-vmgr: Directory traversal vulnerability in Aruba Networks ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) before 6.4.4 allows remote administrators to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
GHSA-x25g-r4mr-6x6p: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in sample.php in WiKID wClient-PHP 3.0-2 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the PHP_SELF variable.
CVE-2023-53073: perf/x86/amd/core: Always clear status for idx
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf/x86/amd/core: Always clear status for idx

The variable 'status' (which contains the unhandled overflow bits) is
not being properly masked in some cases, displaying the following
warning:

  WARNING: CPU: 156 PID: 475601 at arch/x86/events/amd/core.c:972 amd_pmu_v2_handle_irq+0x216/0x270

This seems to be happening because the loop is being continued before
the status bit being unset, in case x86_perf_event_set_period()
returns 0. This is also causing an inconsistency because the "handled"
counter is incremented, but the status bit is not cleaned.

Move the bit cleaning together above, together when the "handled"
counter is incremented.
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
CVE-2019-9750: In IoTivity through 1.3.1, the CoAP server interface can be used for Distributed Denial of Service attacks using source IP address spoofing and UDP-based traffic amplification. The reflected traffic is 6 times bigger than spoofed requests. This occurs because the construction of a "4.01 Unauthorized" response is mishandled. NOTE: the vendor states "While this is an interesting attack, there is no plan for maintainer to fix, as we are migrating to IoTivity Lite."
CVSS v3.0: 9.1
CVSS v2.0: 6.4
CVE-2015-1863: Heap-based buffer overflow in wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash), read memory, or possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted SSID information in a management frame when creating or updating P2P entries.
CVSS v2.0: 5.8
GHSA-3ccj-6ghv-9ggf: Cross-site scripting vulnerability in LogonTracer 1.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
CVE-2016-4198: Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.17, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30198, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.017.20050 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4191, CVE-2016-4192, CVE-2016-4193, CVE-2016-4194, CVE-2016-4195, CVE-2016-4196, CVE-2016-4197, CVE-2016-4199, CVE-2016-4200, CVE-2016-4201, CVE-2016-4202, CVE-2016-4203, CVE-2016-4204, CVE-2016-4205, CVE-2016-4206, CVE-2016-4207, CVE-2016-4208, CVE-2016-4211, CVE-2016-4212, CVE-2016-4213, CVE-2016-4214, CVE-2016-4250, CVE-2016-4251, CVE-2016-4252, and CVE-2016-4254.
CVSS v3.0: 8.8
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
CVE-2023-35005: Apache Airflow: Information disclosure on configuration view
In Apache Airflow, some potentially sensitive values were being shown to the user in certain situations.

This vulnerability is mitigated by the fact configuration is not shown in the UI by default (only if `[webserver] expose_config` is set to `non-sensitive-only`), and not all uncensored values are actually sentitive.


This issue affects Apache Airflow: from 2.5.0 before 2.6.2. Users are recommended to update to version 2.6.2 or later.



CVSS v3.1: 6.5
CVE-2012-4282: SQL injection vulnerability in photo.php in Trombinoscope 3.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter.
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
GHSA-29m7-5q7x-g3fr: Unauth. Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Ezoic AmpedSense – AdSense Split Tester plugin <= 4.68 versions.
CVSS v3.1: 7.1
GHSA-hm9h-qvfm-ggw4: IBM Security Access Manager 9.0.1 through 9.0.6 uses weaker than expected cryptographic algorithms that could allow an attacker to decrypt highly sensitive information. IBM X-Force ID: 158512.
CVSS v3.1: 5.9
RHSA-2025:8277: Red Hat Security Advisory: Errata Advisory for Red Hat OpenShift GitOps v1.15.3 security update
argocd: Improper URL Sanitization in Argo CD Repository Page Allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
CVSS v3.1: 8.2
GHSA-wh9w-fm3v-7wfw: Use after free in WebXR in Google Chrome on Android prior to 86.0.4240.75 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
CVE-2014-1291: WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 7.1 and Apple TV before 6.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-1289, CVE-2014-1290, CVE-2014-1292, CVE-2014-1293, and CVE-2014-1294.
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
CVE-2024-38573: cppc_cpufreq: Fix possible null pointer dereference
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

cppc_cpufreq: Fix possible null pointer dereference

cppc_cpufreq_get_rate() and hisi_cppc_cpufreq_get_rate() can be called from
different places with various parameters. So cpufreq_cpu_get() can return
null as 'policy' in some circumstances.
Fix this bug by adding null return check.

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2015-0811: The QCMS implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 37.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process heap memory or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via an image that is improperly handled during transformation.
CVSS v2.0: 6.4
CVE-2026-2143: D-Link DIR-823X DDNS Service set_ddns os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/set_ddns of the component DDNS Service. The manipulation of the argument ddnsType/ddnsDomainName/ddnsUserName/ddnsPwd leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
CVSS v4.0: 8.6
CVSS v3.1: 7.2
CVSS v3.0: 7.2
CVSS v2.0: 8.3
GHSA-9jg7-472x-vxf4: Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Framework component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, and 12.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors.
GHSA-p3mv-xmc9-r2fr: Oracle MySQL 5.1 before 5.1.49 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (mysqld daemon crash) via certain arguments to the BINLOG command, which triggers an access of uninitialized memory, as demonstrated by valgrind.
GHSA-qvqw-6658-7p9p: The DL Robots.txt WordPress plugin through 1.2 does not sanitise and escape some of its settings, which could allow high privilege users such as admin to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting attacks even when the unfiltered_html capability is disallowed (for example in multisite setup).
CVSS v3.1: 4.8
GHSA-x5qw-gg87-5754: The Pop ups, Exit intent popups, email popups, banners, bars, countdowns and cart savers – Promolayer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized plugin settings update due to a missing capability check on the disconnect_promolayer function in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber access or higher, to remove the Promolayer connection.
CVSS v3.1: 4.3
GHSA-pvg4-29vg-mvc4: Pioneers (formerly gnocatan) before 0.11.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) by triggering a delete operation while the Session object is still being used, as demonstrated by causing a "Broken pipe" error.
CVE-2008-1926: Argument injection vulnerability in login (login-utils/login.c) in util-linux-ng 2.14 and earlier makes it easier for remote attackers to hide activities by modifying portions of log events, as demonstrated by appending an "addr=" statement to the login name, aka "audit log injection."
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
GHSA-2cxw-4p8f-4qp7: DOS / potential heap overwrite in mkv demuxing using zlib decompression. Integer overflow in matroskademux element in gst_matroska_decompress_data function which causes a segfault, or could cause a heap overwrite, depending on libc and OS. Depending on the libc used, and the underlying OS capabilities, it could be just a segfault or a heap overwrite. If the libc uses mmap for large chunks, and the OS supports mmap, then it is just a segfault (because the realloc before the integer overflow will use mremap to reduce the size of the chunk, and it will start to write to unmapped memory). However, if using a libc implementation that does not use mmap, or if the OS does not support mmap while using libc, then this could result in a heap overwrite.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
GHSA-mqgx-hmx4-4fh7: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in (1) editcomponents.cgi, (2) editgroups.cgi, (3) editmilestones.cgi, (4) editproducts.cgi, (5) editusers.cgi, and (6) editversions.cgi in Bugzilla 2.16.x before 2.16.6, and 2.18 before 2.18rc1, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript as other users via a URL parameter.
GHSA-8wvx-w97g-7fq3: A vulnerability has been identified in Location Intelligence family (All versions < V4.4). The web server of affected products is configured to support weak ciphers  by default. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker in an on-path position to to read and modify any data passed over the connection between legitimate clients and the affected device.
CVSS v4.0: 6
CVSS v3.1: 6.7
CVE-2017-9751: opcodes/rl78-decode.opc in GNU Binutils 2.28 has an unbounded GETBYTE macro, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted binary file, as demonstrated by mishandling of this file during "objdump -D" execution.
CVSS v3.0: 7.8
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-5524-cf37-2p8f: In OPC Foundation Local Discovery Server (LDS) before 1.04.402.463, remote attackers can cause a denial of service (DoS) by sending carefully crafted messages that lead to Access of a Memory Location After the End of a Buffer.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2024-2611: A missing delay on when pointer lock was used could have allowed a malicious page to trick a user into granting permissions. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 124, Firefox ESR < 115.9, and Thunderbird < 115.9.
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
RHSA-2020:0591: Red Hat Security Advisory: ruby security update
ruby: DoS by large request in WEBrick ruby: Unintentional directory traversal by poisoned NULL byte in Dir rubygems: Path traversal when writing to a symlinked basedir outside of the root rubygems: Unsafe Object Deserialization Vulnerability in gem owner allowing arbitrary code execution on specially crafted YAML rubygems: Infinite loop vulnerability due to negative size in tar header causes Denial of Service rubygems: Improper verification of signatures in tarball allows to install mis-signed gem rubygems: Missing URL validation on spec home attribute allows malicious gem to set an invalid homepage URL rubygems: XSS vulnerability in homepage attribute when displayed via gem server rubygems: Path traversal issue during gem installation allows to write to arbitrary filesystem locations
CVSS v3.0: 5.5
GHSA-xvx2-mpv8-r9xf: An issue was discovered in mjs (mJS: Restricted JavaScript engine), ES6 (JavaScript version 6). There is stack buffer overflow in mjs_execute() in mjs.c.
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
GHSA-4mwv-393f-264r: A Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability was discovered on Intelbras Win 240 V1.1.0 devices. An attacker can change the Admin Password without a Login.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
GHSA-w2w2-525q-3w94: Vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component of Oracle Fusion Middleware (subcomponent: Outside In Filters). The supported version that is affected are 8.5.3 and 8.5.4. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Outside In Technology. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Outside In Technology and unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Outside In Technology accessible data. Note: Outside In Technology is a suite of software development kits (SDKs). The protocol and CVSS score depend on the software that uses the Outside In Technology code. The CVSS score assumes that the software passes data received over a network directly to Outside In Technology code, but if data is not received over a network the CVSS score may be lower. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.1 (Confidentiality and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H).
CVSS v3.0: 7.1
CVE-2025-2667: IBM Sterling B2B Integrator information disclosure
IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 6.0.0.0 through 6.1.2.7_1 and 6.2.0.0 through 6.2.0.4 and IBM Sterling File Gateway 6.0.0.0 through 6.1.2.7_1 and 6.2.0.0 through 6.2.0.4 could disclose sensitive system information about the server to a privileged user that could aid in further attacks against the system.
CVSS v3.1: 2.7
CVE-2010-0808: Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and 7 on Windows XP and Vista does not prevent script from simulating user interaction with the AutoComplete feature, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive form information via a crafted web site, aka "AutoComplete Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
CVSS v2.0: 2.6
GHSA-h6m2-qvjv-82rx: Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion in Granola <= 1.13 versions.
CVSS v3.1: 8.1
GHSA-x22x-5jv5-w996: Multiple incomplete blacklist vulnerabilities in the Simple File Upload (mod_simplefileuploadv1.3) module before 1.3.5 for Joomla! allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with a (1) php5, (2) php6, or (3) double (e.g. .php.jpg) extension, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in images/, as exploited in the wild in January 2012.
cisco-sa-ise-file-upload-P4M8vwXY: Cisco Identity Services Engine Arbitrary File Upload Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the API of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Cisco ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to upload files to an affected device.

This vulnerability is due to improper validation of the file copy function. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted file upload request to a specific API endpoint. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.

Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.


CVSS v3.1: 4.9
GHSA-rp67-9cgj-jf2x: IBM OpenPages GRC Platform 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows users to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the Web UI thus altering the intended functionality potentially leading to credentials disclosure within a trusted session. IBM X-Force ID: 114711.
CVSS v3.0: 5.4
GHSA-qgv7-2wcr-vmm2: Moddable SDK v11.5.0 was discovered to contain a SEGV vulnerability via xs/sources/xsProxy.c in fxProxyGetPrototype.
CVE-2023-5327: SATO CL4NX-J Plus path traversal
A vulnerability was found in SATO CL4NX-J Plus 1.13.2-u455_r2. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /rest/dir/. The manipulation of the argument full leads to path traversal. The attack needs to be initiated within the local network. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-241028.
CVSS v3.1: 3.5
CVSS v3.0: 3.5
CVSS v2.0: 2.7
CVE-2015-2596: Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 7u80 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2024-45575: Integer Overflow or Wraparound in Camera Driver
Memory corruption Camera kernel when large number of devices are attached through userspace.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2023-38732: IBM Robotic Process Automation information disclosure

IBM Robotic Process Automation 21.0.0 through 21.0.7 server could allow an authenticated user to view sensitive information from application logs. IBM X-Force ID: 262289.


CVSS v3.1: 4.3
CVE-2014-0637: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the back-office case-management application in RSA Adaptive Authentication (On-Premise) 6.x and 7.x before 7.1 SP0 P2 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2017-4995: An issue was discovered in Pivotal Spring Security 4.2.0.RELEASE through 4.2.2.RELEASE, and Spring Security 5.0.0.M1. When configured to enable default typing, Jackson contained a deserialization vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary code execution. Jackson fixed this vulnerability by blacklisting known "deserialization gadgets." Spring Security configures Jackson with global default typing enabled, which means that (through the previous exploit) arbitrary code could be executed if all of the following is true: (1) Spring Security's Jackson support is being leveraged by invoking SecurityJackson2Modules.getModules(ClassLoader) or SecurityJackson2Modules.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper); (2) Jackson is used to deserialize data that is not trusted (Spring Security does not perform deserialization using Jackson, so this is an explicit choice of the user); and (3) there is an unknown (Jackson is not blacklisting it already) "deserialization gadget" that allows code execution present on the classpath. Jackson provides a blacklisting approach to protecting against this type of attack, but Spring Security should be proactive against blocking unknown "deserialization gadgets" when Spring Security enables default typing.
CVSS v3.1: 8.1
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-m348-74wh-fj2c: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in IDX Broker IMPress for IDX Broker allows Stored XSS. This issue affects IMPress for IDX Broker: from n/a through 3.2.3.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-4crx-48p2-6mjx: An issue was discovered in gravity through 0.8.1. A NULL pointer dereference exists in the function ircode_register_pop_context_protect() located in gravity_ircode.c. It allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service.
GHSA-45wr-h3w5-q72v: In libvpx, there is a possible information disclosure due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-80479354
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-35w7-q98m-gqgx: A flaw was found in the OpenShift Pipelines operator. The tekton-scheduler-rolebinding ClusterRoleBinding grants the system:authenticated group write access to Kueue and cert-manager custom resources via the tekton-scheduler-role ClusterRole. When Kueue or cert-manager CRDs are present on the cluster, any authenticated user can disrupt workload scheduling, tamper with scheduling priorities, delete other tenants' Workload objects, or induce cert-manager to overwrite TLS Secrets including the default ingress controller certificate.
CVSS v3.1: 9.6
CVE-2009-2353: encoder.php in eAccelerator allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by copying a local executable file to a location under the web root via the -o option, and then making a direct request to this file, related to upload of image files.
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-5h4r-7wmm-74hj: Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.3.0.15, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.0, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.30, LTS 2023 release versions 7.10.1.0 through 7.10.1.60, contain a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the DDSH CLI. A high privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Denial of service.
CVSS v3.1: 2.3
CVE-2023-50739: A buffer overflow vulnerability has been identified in the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) in various Lexmark devices.
A buffer overflow vulnerability has been identified in the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) in various Lexmark devices. The vulnerability can be leveraged by an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
GHSA-q494-cp95-c73f: Multiple integer overflows in unspecified suboperations in the flask hypercall in Xen 3.2.x and earlier, when XSM is enabled, allow local users to cause a denial of service (processor fault) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-1891, CVE-2014-1892, and CVE-2014-1893.
CVE-2018-18082: XSS exists in Waimai Super Cms 20150505 via the fname parameter to the admin.php?m=Food&a=addsave or admin.php?m=Food&a=editsave URI.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2026-27610: Parse Dashboard Has a Cache Key Collision that Leaks Master Key to Read-Only Sessions
Parse Dashboard is a standalone dashboard for managing Parse Server apps. In versions 7.3.0-alpha.42 through 9.0.0-alpha.7, the `ConfigKeyCache` uses the same cache key for both master key and read-only master key when resolving function-typed keys. Under specific timing conditions, a read-only user can receive the cached full master key, or a regular user can receive the cached read-only master key. The fix in version 9.0.0-alpha.8 uses distinct cache keys for master key and read-only master key. As a workaround, avoid using function-typed master keys, or remove the `agent` configuration block from your dashboard configuration.
CVSS v4.0: 7
GHSA-65vc-fcph-6983: A denial of service vulnerability exists in the cgiserver.cgi JSON command parser functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to a reboot. SetLocalLink param is not object. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-63x4-9h28-566c: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Mat Bao Corp WP Helper Premium plugin <= 4.5.1 versions.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
GHSA-3mmm-4r2q-pghm: Untrusted search path vulnerability in Adobe PhotoShop CS2 through CS5 allows local users, and possibly remote attackers, to execute arbitrary code and conduct DLL hijacking attacks via a Trojan horse dwmapi.dll or Wintab32.dll that is located in the same folder as a PSD or other file that is processed by PhotoShop.  NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.