ansulev/circl-vulnerability-scores huggingface dataset:
GHSA-82gm-q2vc-g3x3: A vulnerability in the History API of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient API authorization checking on the underlying operating system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted API request to Cisco vManage as a lower-privileged user and gaining access to sensitive information that they would not normally be authorized to access.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-qpr4-2qj4-54m8: A vulnerability was found in code-projects Police Station Management System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function criminal::display of the file source.cpp of the component Display Record. The manipulation of the argument N leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS v4.0: 4.8
CVSS v3.1: 5.3
GHSA-2xwj-6795-v7p4: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in NotFound PrivateContent. This issue affects PrivateContent: from n/a through 8.11.5.
CVSS v3.1: 7.1
CVE-2025-15506: AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenColorIO FileRules.cpp ConvertToRegularExpression out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenColorIO up to 2.5.0. This issue affects the function ConvertToRegularExpression of the file src/OpenColorIO/FileRules.cpp. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is named ebdbb75123c9d5f4643e041314e2bc988a13f20d. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch. The fix was added to the 2.5.1 milestone.
CVSS v4.0: 4.8
CVSS v3.1: 3.3
CVSS v3.0: 3.3
CVSS v2.0: 1.7
CVE-2017-1000358: Controller throws an exception and does not allow user to add subsequent flow for a particular switch. Component: OpenDaylight odl-restconf feature contains this flaw. Version: OpenDaylight 4.0 is affected by this flaw.
CVSS v3.0: 6.5
CVSS v2.0: 4
GHSA-ww2r-9459-jw7x: An issue in dom96 HTTPbeast v.0.4.1 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted request to the parser.nim component.
CVSS v3.1: 9.8
CVE-2007-4943: Multiple buffer overflows in a certain ActiveX control in sparser.dll in Baofeng Storm 2.8 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via malformed input in an unknown set of arguments or property values, a different DLL than CVE-2007-4816.  NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVSS v2.0: 9.3
CVE-2025-2368: WebAssembly wabt Malformed File binary-reader-interp.cc OnExport heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in WebAssembly wabt 1.0.36 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function wabt::interp::(anonymous namespace)::BinaryReaderInterp::OnExport of the file wabt/src/interp/binary-reader-interp.cc of the component Malformed File Handler. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
CVSS v4.0: 5.3
CVSS v3.1: 6.3
CVSS v3.0: 6.3
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
GHSA-97rm-mr46-24cw: Due to a race condition in the MDSS MDP driver in all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel (Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) before security patch level 2018-07-05, a Use After Free condition can occur.
CVSS v3.0: 7
CVE-2013-3386: The IronPort Spam Quarantine (ISQ) component in the web framework in IronPort AsyncOS on Cisco Email Security Appliance devices before 7.1.5-106 and 7.3, 7.5, and 7.6 before 7.6.3-019 and Content Security Management Appliance devices before 7.9.1-102 and 8.0 before 8.0.0-404 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service crash or hang) via a high rate of TCP connection attempts, aka Bug IDs CSCzv25573 and CSCzv81712.
CVSS v2.0: 7.8
CVE-2007-5982: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in X7 Chat 2.0.4, 2.0.5, and possibly other versions allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) room parameter to sources/frame.php, the (2) theme_c parameter to help/index.php, or the (3) INSTALL_X7CHATVERSION parameter to upgradev1.php.
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
GHSA-fh62-4c6v-6f9m: Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in Pyrophobia 2.1.3.1 allow remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the (1) act or (2) pid parameter to the top-level URI (index.php), or the (3) action parameter to admin/index.php.  NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
GHSA-8769-f7h2-qvf4: The WebUI of PHOENIX CONTACT FL SWITCH 3xxx, 4xxx, 48xx versions prior to 1.35 is vulnerable to brute-force attacks, because of Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVE-2018-8011: mod_md, DoS via Coredumps on specially crafted requests
By specially crafting HTTP requests, the mod_md challenge handler would dereference a NULL pointer and cause the child process to segfault. This could be used to DoS the server. Fixed in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.34 (Affected 2.4.33).
CVSS v3.0: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 5
GHSA-2gqg-8593-7cc7: ans.pl in Avenger's News System (ANS) 2.11 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the p (plugin) parameter.
GHSA-q7xh-8hj5-54x4: Cisco ASR 5500 System Architecture Evolution (SAE) Gateway devices with software 19.1.0.61559 and 19.2.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (BGP process restart) via a crafted header in a BGP packet, aka Bug ID CSCuw65781.
GHSA-c5f5-pj8m-xqgq: A vulnerability in live_mfg.shtml of WAVLINK AERIAL X 1200M M79X3.V5030.191012 allows attackers to obtain sensitive router information via execution of the exec cmd function.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-4crf-28c7-v4gr: Openshift Console insufficient entropy vulnerability
An insufficient entropy vulnerability was found in the Openshift Console. In the authorization code type and implicit grant type, the OAuth2 protocol is vulnerable to a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attack if the state parameter is used inefficiently. This flaw allows logging into the victim’s current application account using a third-party account without any restrictions.
CVSS v4.0: 5.5
CVSS v3.1: 8
GHSA-9vr6-p64m-w7rx: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in view_caricatier.php in AL-Caricatier 2.5 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) CatName, (2) CaricatierID, or (3) CatID parameter.
CVE-2026-1535: code-projects Online Music Site AdminReply.php sql injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects Online Music Site 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /Administrator/PHP/AdminReply.php. Such manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
CVSS v4.0: 6.9
CVSS v3.1: 7.3
CVSS v3.0: 7.3
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
GHSA-7gm4-4495-5666: OMFLOW from The SYSCOM Group has an information leakage vulnerability, allowing unauthorized remote attackers to read arbitrary system configurations. If LDAP authentication is enabled, attackers can obtain plaintext credentials.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-6mw8-c4j3-m9rv: A heap buffer over-read vulnerability exists in the wolfSSH_CleanPath() function in wolfSSH. An authenticated remote attacker can trigger the issue via crafted SCP path input containing '/./' sequences, resulting in a heap over read by 1 byte.
CVSS v4.0: 5.1
CVSS v3.1: 8.1
CVE-2024-36434: An SMM callout vulnerability was discovered in Supermicro X11DPH-T, X11DPH-Tq, and X11DPH-i motherboards with BIOS firmware before 4.4.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-w8xw-fch8-g9jq: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:bpf, sockmap: Fix double uncharge the mem of sk_msgIf tcp_bpf_sendmsg is running during a tear down operation, psock may be
freed.tcp_bpf_sendmsg()
 tcp_bpf_send_verdict()
  sk_msg_return()
  tcp_bpf_sendmsg_redir()
   unlikely(!psock))
     sk_msg_free()The mem of msg has been uncharged in tcp_bpf_send_verdict() by
sk_msg_return(), and would be uncharged by sk_msg_free() again. When psock
is null, we can simply returning an error code, this would then trigger
the sk_msg_free_nocharge in the error path of __SK_REDIRECT and would have
the side effect of throwing an error up to user space. This would be a
slight change in behavior from user side but would look the same as an
error if the redirect on the socket threw an error.This issue can cause the following info:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 2136 at net/ipv4/af_inet.c:155 inet_sock_destruct+0x13c/0x260
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __sk_destruct+0x24/0x1f0
 sk_psock_destroy+0x19b/0x1c0
 process_one_work+0x1b3/0x3c0
 worker_thread+0x30/0x350
 ? process_one_work+0x3c0/0x3c0
 kthread+0xe6/0x110
 ? kthread_complete_and_exit+0x20/0x20
 ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
 </TASK>
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
GHSA-x2p6-jhvj-44vf: Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Technology Stack component in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.2, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Oracle Forms.
CVE-2021-47741: ZBL EPON ONU Broadband Router V100R001 Privilege Escalation via Configuration Endpoint
ZBL EPON ONU Broadband Router V100R001 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows limited administrative users to elevate access by sending requests to configuration endpoints. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by accessing the configuration backup or password page to disclose the super user password and gain additional privileged functionalities.
CVSS v4.0: 8.7
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2015-4281: Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cisco WebEx Meetings Server 2.5 MR1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug IDs CSCus56150 and CSCus56146.
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-36w9-q9mj-9wvp: Flat PHP Board 1.2 and earlier stores sensitive information under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to obtain credentials via a direct request for the username php file for any user account in users/.
GHSA-qc7v-9xrw-j497: LANChat Pro Revival 1.666c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a malformed UDP packet.
CVE-2012-3960: Use-after-free vulnerability in the mozSpellChecker::SetCurrentDictionary function in Mozilla Firefox before 15.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, Thunderbird before 15.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, and SeaMonkey before 2.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v2.0: 10
CVE-2018-0463: Cisco Network Services Orchestrator Network Plug and Play Information Disclosure Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Network Plug and Play server component of Cisco Network Services Orchestrator (NSO) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to configuration data that is stored on an affected NSO system. The vulnerability exists because the Network Plug and Play component performs incomplete validation when configured to use secure unique device identifiers (SUDI) for authentication. An attacker who controls a Cisco device that supports SUDI authentication and has connectivity to an affected NSO system could exploit this vulnerability. The attacker would need to leverage information about the devices that are being registered on the NSO server to send crafted Cisco Network Plug and Play authentication packets to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to configuration data for devices that will be managed by the NSO system.
CVSS v3.0: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 5
CVE-2026-22686: Sandbox Escape via Host Error Prototype Chain in enclave-vm
Enclave is a secure JavaScript sandbox designed for safe AI agent code execution. Prior to 2.7.0, there is a critical sandbox escape vulnerability in enclave-vm that allows untrusted, sandboxed JavaScript code to execute arbitrary code in the host Node.js runtime. When a tool invocation fails, enclave-vm exposes a host-side Error object to sandboxed code. This Error object retains its host realm prototype chain, which can be traversed to reach the host Function constructor. An attacker can intentionally trigger a host error, then climb the prototype chain. Using the host Function constructor, arbitrary JavaScript can be compiled and executed in the host context, fully bypassing the sandbox and granting access to sensitive resources such as process.env, filesystem, and network. This breaks enclave-vm’s core security guarantee of isolating untrusted code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.
CVSS v3.1: 10
CVE-2013-6937: Buffer overflow in VideoCharge Software Watermark Master 2.2.23 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in the name attribute of the cols element in a .wstyle file.
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-8265-5pcw-vhx2: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Markdown on Save Improved plugin before 2.5.1 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
GHSA-pxq3-h2cm-cxrj: Use-after-free vulnerability in SumatraPDF Reader 2.x before 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted PDF file.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2023-36725: Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2018-1004: A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the VBScript engine handles objects in memory, aka "Windows VBScript Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This affects Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2, Internet Explorer 9, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 10.
CVSS v3.0: 8.8
CVSS v2.0: 9.3
CVE-2023-20788: In thermal, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07648734; Issue ID: ALPS07648735.
CVSS v3.1: 6.4
GHSA-64fr-7cvm-hm46: Buffer overflow in the readline function in util/texindex.c, as used by the (1) texi2dvi and (2) texindex commands, in texinfo 4.8 and earlier allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Texinfo file.
GHSA-wg5x-3j3h-vr62: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:drm/virtio: Fix GEM handle creation UAFUserspace can guess the handle value and try to race GEM object creation
with handle close, resulting in a use-after-free if we dereference the
object after dropping the handle's reference.  For that reason, dropping
the handle's reference must be done *after* we are done dereferencing
the object.
CVSS v3.1: 4.7
CVE-2021-28842: Null Pointer Deference vulnerability exists in TRENDnet TEW-755AP 1.11B03, TEW-755AP2KAC 1.11B03, TEW-821DAP2KAC 1.11B03, and TEW-825DAP 1.11B03, which could let a remote malicious user cause a denial os service by sending the POST request to apply_cgi via action do_graph_auth without login_name key.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 5
GHSA-gcc5-hrjv-52gx: file.cgi in Secure Computing SecurityReporter (aka Network Security Analyzer) before 4.6.3 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via a name parameter ending with a "%00.gif" sequence. NOTE: a separate traversal vulnerability could be leveraged to download arbitrary files.
CVSS v3.1: 9.8
GHSA-83rh-f8p6-mcrp: Atlassian Bitbucket Server from version 4.9.0 before version 7.2.4 allows remote attackers to intercept unencrypted repository import requests via a Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-4jmr-68h5-qq5j: This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader 11.2.1.53537. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Annotation objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-16663.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2018-5409: PrinterLogic Print Management Software updates and executes the code without origin and code verification
The PrinterLogic Print Management software, versions up to and including 18.3.1.96, updates and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code. An attacker can execute malicious code by compromising the host server, performing DNS spoofing, or modifying the code in transit.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVSS v2.0: 10
RHSA-2025:0400: Red Hat Security Advisory: redis security update
redis: Redis' Lua library commands may lead to remote code execution
CVSS v3.1: 7
CVE-2015-4700: The bpf_int_jit_compile function in arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c in the Linux kernel before 4.0.6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) by creating a packet filter and then loading crafted BPF instructions that trigger late convergence by the JIT compiler.
CVSS v2.0: 4.9
GHSA-hwf7-pj3r-v27q: A remote attacker could bypass the Sandstorm organization restriction before build 0.203 via a comma in an email-address field.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
GHSA-24hp-h53g-7w7v: IBM Spectrum Copy Data Management 2.2.0.0 through 2.2.14.3 is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows users to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the Web UI thus altering the intended functionality potentially leading to credentials disclosure within a trusted session. IBM X-Force ID: 214534.
CVSS v3.1: 5.4
CVE-2024-3429: Path Traversal in parisneo/lollms
A path traversal vulnerability exists in the parisneo/lollms application, specifically within the `sanitize_path_from_endpoint` and `sanitize_path` functions in `lollms_core\lollms\security.py`. This vulnerability allows for arbitrary file reading when the application is running on Windows. The issue arises due to insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input, enabling attackers to bypass the path traversal protection mechanisms by crafting malicious input. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive files, information disclosure, and potentially a denial of service (DoS) condition by including numerous large or resource-intensive files. This vulnerability affects the latest version prior to 9.6.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
GHSA-5h3m-qx95-m9p7: In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile and Snapdragon Mobile SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 820, and SD 820A, an unsigned RTIC health report susceptible to tampering by malware executing in the context of the HLOS may be requested.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVE-2025-65046: Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability
CVSS v3.1: 3.1
GHSA-3c9c-mvvg-2vw7: Vulnerability in the Oracle AutoVue product of Oracle Supply Chain (component: Security). The supported version that is affected is 12.0.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle AutoVue. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle AutoVue accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.3 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).
CVSS v3.1: 5.3
CVE-2023-37836: libjpeg commit db33a6e was discovered to contain a reachable assertion via BitMapHook::BitMapHook at bitmaphook.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
CVE-2022-34344: WordPress Wholesale Suite Plugin <= 2.1.5 is vulnerable to Broken Access Control
Missing Authorization vulnerability in Rymera Web Co Wholesale Suite – WooCommerce Wholesale Prices, B2B, Catalog Mode, Order Form, Wholesale User Roles, Dynamic Pricing & More.This issue affects Wholesale Suite – WooCommerce Wholesale Prices, B2B, Catalog Mode, Order Form, Wholesale User Roles, Dynamic Pricing & More: from n/a through 2.1.5.
CVSS v3.1: 5.4
CVE-2024-37877: UERANSIM before 3.2.6 allows out-of-bounds read when a RLS packet is sent to gNodeB with malformed PDU length. This occurs in function readOctetString in src/utils/octet_view.cpp and in function DecodeRlsMessage in src/lib/rls/rls_pdu.cpp
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
GHSA-r39r-m3xh-jh67: Double free vulnerability in libxml2, as used in Google Chrome before 14.0.835.163, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors related to XPath handling.
CVE-2013-7361: Directory traversal vulnerability in SAP CMS and CM Services allows attackers to upload arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v2.0: 5
GHSA-6hfm-rxpf-979r: A flaw in grub2 was found where its configuration file, known as grub.cfg, is being created with the wrong permission set allowing non privileged users to read its content. This represents a low severity confidentiality issue, as those users can eventually read any encrypted passwords present in grub.cfg. This flaw affects grub2 2.06 and previous versions. This issue has been fixed in grub upstream but no version with the fix is currently released.
CVSS v3.1: 3.3
GHSA-mhr8-vxv5-m5v8: There is a digital signature verification bypass vulnerability in AR1200, AR1200-S, AR150, AR160, AR200, AR2200, AR2200-S, AR3200, SRG1300, SRG2300 and SRG3300 Huawei routers. The vulnerability is due to the affected software improperly verifying digital signatures for the software image in the affected device. A local attacker with high privilege may exploit the vulnerability to bypass integrity checks for software images and install a malicious software image on the affected device.
CVSS v3.0: 6.7
CVE-2026-53857: OpenClaw < 2026.5.3 - Mutable Display Name Binding in Zalo allowFrom Policy
OpenClaw before 2026.5.3 contains a policy enforcement vulnerability where Zalo contacts with mutable display metadata could match allowFrom policy entries through display name changes. Attackers with mutable display names could receive agent responses intended for different Zalo identities when the feature is enabled.
CVSS v4.0: 8.6
CVSS v3.1: 8.1
CVE-2025-48631: In onHeaderDecoded of LocalImageResolver.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-2g43-m4mx-mjqr: Out of bounds memcpy can occur by providing the embedded NULL character string and length greater than the actual string length in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8009, APQ8017, APQ8053, APQ8064, APQ8096AU, APQ8098, IPQ4019, IPQ8064, IPQ8074, MDM9206, MDM9207C, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8905, MSM8909, MSM8909W, MSM8917, MSM8920, MSM8937, MSM8939, MSM8940, MSM8996, MSM8996AU, QCA4531, QCA8081, QCA9531, QCA9558, QCA9886, QCA9980, QCN7605, QCS605, SDA660, SDX20, SDX24, SDX55, SM8150, SXR1130
GHSA-m87c-4frp-hf77: siteminderagent/SmMakeCookie.ccc in Netegrity SiteMinder does not ensure that the TARGET parameter names a valid redirection resource, which allows remote attackers to construct a URL that might trick users into visiting an arbitrary web site referenced by this parameter.