ansulev/circl-vulnerability-scores huggingface dataset:
GHSA-m98r-2fg7-rppv: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:ext4: silence the warning when evicting inode with dioread_nolockWhen evicting an inode with default dioread_nolock, it could be raced by
the unwritten extents converting kworker after writeback some new
allocated dirty blocks. It convert unwritten extents to written, the
extents could be merged to upper level and free extent blocks, so it
could mark the inode dirty again even this inode has been marked
I_FREEING. But the inode->i_io_list check and warning in
ext4_evict_inode() missing this corner case. Fortunately,
ext4_evict_inode() will wait all extents converting finished before this
check, so it will not lead to inode use-after-free problem, every thing
is OK besides this warning. The WARN_ON_ONCE was originally designed
for finding inode use-after-free issues in advance, but if we add
current dioread_nolock case in, it will become not quite useful, so fix
this warning by just remove this check.======
 WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 1092 at fs/ext4/inode.c:227
 ext4_evict_inode+0x875/0xc60
 ...
 RIP: 0010:ext4_evict_inode+0x875/0xc60
 ...
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  evict+0x11c/0x2b0
  iput+0x236/0x3a0
  do_unlinkat+0x1b4/0x490
  __x64_sys_unlinkat+0x4c/0xb0
  do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0
 RIP: 0033:0x7fa933c1115brm                          kworker
                            ext4_end_io_end()
vfs_unlink()
 ext4_unlink()
                             ext4_convert_unwritten_io_end_vec()
                              ext4_convert_unwritten_extents()
                               ext4_map_blocks()
                                ext4_ext_map_blocks()
                                 ext4_ext_try_to_merge_up()
                                  __mark_inode_dirty()
                                   check !I_FREEING
                                   locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list()
 iput()
  iput_final()
   evict()
    ext4_evict_inode()
     truncate_inode_pages_final() //wait release io_end
                                    inode_io_list_move_locked()
                             ext4_release_io_end()
     trigger WARN_ON_ONCE()
GHSA-95hr-5vrw-gpfq: Vulnerability in wordpress plugin DTracker v1.5, The code dtracker/save_contact.php doesn't check that the user is authorized before injecting new contacts into the wp_contact table.
CVSS v3.0: 7.5
RHSA-2021:4057: Red Hat Security Advisory: python3 security update
python: urllib: Regular expression DoS in AbstractBasicAuthHandler
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
CVE-2019-25763: WordPress Ultimate Addons for Beaver Builder 1.2.4.1 Authentication Bypass
WordPress Ultimate Addons for Beaver Builder 1.2.4.1 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to gain unauthorized access by exploiting the social media login form functionality. Attackers can submit a POST request to the admin-ajax.php endpoint with the uabb-lf-google-submit action, a valid administrator email address, and a valid nonce to obtain session cookies and authenticate as that user.
CVSS v4.0: 9.3
CVSS v3.1: 9.8
CVE-2016-4102: Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.16, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30172, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.016.20039 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-1045, CVE-2016-1046, CVE-2016-1047, CVE-2016-1048, CVE-2016-1049, CVE-2016-1050, CVE-2016-1051, CVE-2016-1052, CVE-2016-1053, CVE-2016-1054, CVE-2016-1055, CVE-2016-1056, CVE-2016-1057, CVE-2016-1058, CVE-2016-1059, CVE-2016-1060, CVE-2016-1061, CVE-2016-1065, CVE-2016-1066, CVE-2016-1067, CVE-2016-1068, CVE-2016-1069, CVE-2016-1070, CVE-2016-1075, CVE-2016-1094, CVE-2016-1121, CVE-2016-1122, and CVE-2016-4107.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVSS v2.0: 10
GHSA-7fpp-w42q-q492: An out of bound read in KMD module for Intel(R) Graphics Driver before version 10.18.14.5067 (aka 15.36.x.5067) and 10.18.10.5069 (aka 15.33.x.5069) may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access.
CVSS v3.0: 4.4
CVE-2026-53340: i2c: imx: fix clock and pinctrl state inconsistency in runtime PM
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

i2c: imx: fix clock and pinctrl state inconsistency in runtime PM

In i2c_imx_runtime_suspend(), the clock is disabled before switching
the pinctrl state to sleep. If pinctrl_pm_select_sleep_state() fails,
the runtime suspend is aborted but the clock remains disabled, causing
a system crash when the hardware is subsequently accessed.

Fix this by switching the pinctrl state before disabling the clock so
that a pinctrl failure leaves the clock enabled and the hardware
accessible.

In i2c_imx_runtime_resume(), restore the pinctrl state back to sleep
if clk_enable() fails to keep the consistent.
CVE-2023-5487: Inappropriate implementation in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 118.0.5993.70 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-cmvv-rx7c-4vmx: IBM QRadar SIEM 7.5 through 7.5.0 Update Package 12  could allow a privileged user to modify configuration files that would allow the upload of a malicious autoupdate file to execute arbitrary commands.
CVSS v3.1: 9.1
CVE-2014-3486: The (1) shell_exec function in lib/util/MiqSshUtilV1.rb and (2) temp_cmd_file function in lib/util/MiqSshUtilV2.rb in Red Hat CloudForms 3.0 Management Engine (CFME) before 5.2.4.2 allow local users to execute arbitrary commands via a symlink attack on a temporary file with a predictable name.
CVSS v2.0: 6.9
CVE-2018-0728: This improper access control vulnerability in Helpdesk allows attackers to access the system logs. To fix the vulnerability, QNAP recommend updating QTS and Helpdesk to their latest versions.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 5
GHSA-vmh7-9c7h-2pgg: auto-favicon has a Server-Side Request Forgery issue
A vulnerability was found in dh1011 auto-favicon up to f189116a9259950c2393f114dbcb94dde0ad864b. This issue affects the function generate_favicon_from_url of the file src/auto_favicon/server.py of the component MCP Tool. The manipulation of the argument image_url results in server-side request forgery. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This product utilizes a rolling release system for continuous delivery, and as such, version information for affected or updated releases is not disclosed. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has yet to receive a response.
CVSS v4.0: 2.1
CVSS v3.1: 6.3
GHSA-vw67-8g5q-g6f3: In extend_frame_lowbd of restoration.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-150780418
CVE-2026-48137: Untrusted pointer dereference in NI grpc-device sideband streaming API
There is an untrusted pointer dereference vulnerability in the NI grpc-device sideband streaming API that may allow an attacker to cause an arbitrary memory dereference, potentially resulting in remote code execution.  Successful exploitation requires an attacker  to supply a specially crafted Moniker protobuf message.  This affects NI grpc-device 2.17.0 and prior versions.
CVSS v4.0: 9.3
CVSS v3.1: 9.1
CVE-2019-7104: Adobe Shockwave Player versions 12.3.4.204 and earlier have a memory corruption vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVSS v2.0: 10
CVE-2024-22209: XBlock custom auth does not respect JWT Scopes
Open edX Platform is a service-oriented platform for authoring and delivering online learning. A user with a JWT and more limited scopes could call endpoints exceeding their access. This vulnerability has been patched in commit 019888f.
CVSS v3.1: 6.4
GHSA-g2cq-whvf-jv55: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Schneider Electric PowerLogic PM8ECC module before 2.651 for PowerMeter 800 devices allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
GHSA-26hq-7286-mg8f: Magento Patch SUPEE-9652 - Remote Code Execution using mail vulnerability
Zend Framework 1 vulnerability can be remotely exploited to execute code in Magento 1. While the issue is not reproducible in Magento 2, the library code is the same so it was fixed as well.Note: while the vulnerability is scored as critical, few systems are affected. To be affected by the vulnerability the installation has to:use sendmail as the mail transport agenthave specific, non-default configuration settings as described [here](https://magento.com/security/patches/supee-9652#:~:text=settings%20as%20described-,here,-.).
CVE-2017-10810: Memory leak in the virtio_gpu_object_create function in drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_object.c in the Linux kernel through 4.11.8 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) by triggering object-initialization failures.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 7.8
GHSA-479q-9rv9-rggg: An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows Lockscreen fails to properly handle Ease of Access dialog.An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could execute commands with elevated permissions.The security update addresses the vulnerability by ensuring that the Ease of Access dialog is handled properly., aka 'Windows Lockscreen Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.
CVE-2025-21359: Windows Kernel Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Windows Kernel Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
GHSA-2cvv-9494-ghp3: The Orinoco driver (orinoco.c) in Linux kernel 2.6.13 and earlier does not properly clear memory from a previously used packet whose length is increased, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information.
GHSA-q239-frwj-6m3v: Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 116, Firefox ESR 115.1, and Thunderbird 115.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 117, Firefox ESR < 115.2, and Thunderbird < 115.2.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
GHSA-2vrr-pgh3-q69w: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the TU-Clausthal ODIN (tuc_odin) extension 0.0.1, 0.1.0, 0.1.1, and 0.2.0 for TYPO3 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
GHSA-9fgp-xgx7-gpx6: A flaw was discovered in ECE before 3.4.0 that might lead to the disclosure of sensitive information such as user passwords and Elasticsearch keystore settings values in logs such as the audit log or deployment logs in the Logging and Monitoring cluster. The affected APIs are PATCH /api/v1/user and PATCH /deployments/{deployment_id}/elasticsearch/{ref_id}/keystore
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-hg45-2x75-x75f: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zenoss 4.2.5 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the title of a device.
CVE-2021-40857: Auerswald COMpact 5500R devices before 8.2B allow Privilege Escalation via the passwd=1 substring.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
CVSS v2.0: 6.5
GHSA-phj6-27f4-6h5w: Ynet Interactive - http://demo.ynetinteractive.com/soa/ SOA School Management 3.0 is affected by: SQL Injection. The impact is: Code execution (remote).
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVE-2005-2415: Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Contrexx before 1.0.5 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) value parameter to the poll module or (2) pId parameter to the gallery module.
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
CVE-2017-0451: An information disclosure vulnerability in the Qualcomm sound driver could enable a local malicious application to access data outside of its permission levels. This issue is rated as Moderate because it first requires compromising a privileged process. Product: Android. Versions: Kernel-3.10, Kernel-3.18. Android ID: A-31796345. References: QC-CR#1073129.
CVSS v3.0: 4.7
CVSS v2.0: 2.6
GHSA-993x-g27h-v6mp: Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 29.0 and SeaMonkey before 2.26 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
GHSA-pq3f-c7q6-qgp9: DBI in Bugzilla 2.17.1 through 2.17.7 displays the database password in an error message when the SQL server is not running, which could allow remote attackers to gain sensitive information.
GHSA-vwcw-wgmf-vx7r: Buffer overflow in pop3svr.exe for DMS POP3 1.5.3.27 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service crash) via a long (1) username or (2) password.
CVE-2017-6056: It was discovered that a programming error in the processing of HTTPS requests in the Apache Tomcat servlet and JSP engine may result in denial of service via an infinite loop. The denial of service is easily achievable as a consequence of backporting a CVE-2016-6816 fix but not backporting the fix for Tomcat bug 57544. Distributions affected by this backporting issue include Debian (before 7.0.56-3+deb8u8 and 8.0.14-1+deb8u7 in jessie) and Ubuntu.
CVSS v3.0: 7.5
CVSS v2.0: 5
GHSA-4mhg-w5rg-4wv7: extras/curltest.php in Zen Cart 1.3.8 and 1.3.8a, and possibly other versions, allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a file:// URI.  NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
GHSA-w7rc-q6cm-f5gm: Apache Airflow's asset dependency graph did not restrict nodes by the viewer's DAG read permissions
The asset dependency graph did not restrict nodes by the viewer's DAG read permissions: a user with read access to at least one DAG could browse the asset graph for any other asset in the deployment and learn the existence and names of DAGs and assets outside their authorized scope.Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.2.1, which fixes this issue.
CVSS v3.1: 4.3
CVE-2010-2223: Virtual Desktop Server Manager (VDSM) in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor (aka RHEV-H or rhev-hypervisor) before 5.5-2.2 does not properly perform VM post-zeroing after the removal of a virtual machine's data, which allows guest OS users to obtain sensitive information by examining the disk blocks associated with a deleted virtual machine.
CVSS v2.0: 2.1
GHSA-x88c-8rhx-h8cw: NVIDIA vGPU software contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager (nvidia.ko), where it may lead to a use-after-free, which in turn may cause denial of service. This attack is complex to carry out because the attacker needs to have control over freeing some host side resources out of sequence, which requires elevated privileges.
CVSS v3.1: 4.1
CVE-2024-43449: Windows USB Video Class System Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Windows USB Video Class System Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVSS v3.1: 6.8
GHSA-9g32-7v2h-hj2x: SAP Solution Manager (Diagnostic Agent) - version 7.20, allows an authenticated attacker on Windows system to access a file containing sensitive data which can be used to access a configuration file which contains credentials to access other system files. Successful exploitation can make the attacker access files and systems for which he/she is not authorized.
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
CVE-2023-3697: A Command injection vulnerability was found on Printer service of ADM
Printer service fails to adequately handle user input, allowing an remote unauthorized users to navigate beyond the intended directory structure and create files. Affected products and versions include: ADM 4.0.6.RIS1, 4.1.0 and below as well as ADM 4.2.2.RI61 and below.

CVSS v3.1: 8.5
GHSA-47p4-jrmw-xq88: Some Huawei Smartphones with software of VNS-L21AUTC555B141 have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Due to the lack string terminator of string, an attacker tricks a user into installing a malicious application, and the application can exploit the vulnerability and make attacker to read out of bounds and possibly cause the device abnormal.
CVSS v3.0: 5.5
CVE-2024-38624: fs/ntfs3: Use 64 bit variable to avoid 32 bit overflow
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fs/ntfs3: Use 64 bit variable to avoid 32 bit overflow

For example, in the expression:
	vbo = 2 * vbo + skip
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
GHSA-5jpg-mjvg-hfhp: Apache Tomcat 5.5.0 and 4.1.0 through 4.1.31 allows remote attackers to bypass an IP address restriction and obtain sensitive information via a request that is processed concurrently with another request but in a different thread, leading to an instance-variable overwrite associated with a "synchronization problem" and lack of thread safety, and related to RemoteFilterValve, RemoteAddrValve, and RemoteHostValve.
CVE-2026-1605: In Eclipse Jetty, versions 12.0.0-12.0.31 and 12.1.0-12.0.5, class GzipHandler exposes a vulnerability when a compressed HTTP request, with Content-Encoding: gzip, is processed and the corresponding response is not compressed.


This happens because the JDK Inflater is allocated for decompressing the request, but it is not released because the release mechanism is tied to the compressed response.
In this case, since the response is not compressed, the release mechanism does not trigger, causing the leak.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-3vrx-27jg-h7pf: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in Apache Traffic Server.This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.0 through 8.1.8, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.2.Users are recommended to upgrade to version 8.1.9 or 9.2.3, which fixes the issue.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2025-13737: Nextend Social Login and Register <= 3.1.21 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Unlink User Social Login
The Nextend Social Login and Register plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.21. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the 'unlinkUser' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to unlink the user's social login via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVSS v3.1: 4.3
CVE-2013-0124: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the administration interface in ASKIA askiaweb allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) Number or (2) UpdatePage parameter to WebProd/cgi-bin/AskiaExt.dll.
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2023-46141: Phoenix Contact: Automation Worx and classic line controllers prone to Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource vulnerability in multiple products of the PHOENIX CONTACT classic line allow an remote unauthenticated attacker to gain full access of the affected device.
CVSS v3.1: 9.8
GHSA-qgvr-6q69-88cj: This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit Reader 10.1.1.37576. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of U3D objects embedded in PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-13244.
ICSA-21-306-01: Sensormatic Electronics VideoEdge
A vulnerability in the JQuery web user interface (UI) component could allow a webpage to be altered before it is served to users.CVE-2020-11023 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
GHSA-f54v-vjvp-jcqm: phpwcms 1.8.9 has XSS in include/inc_tmpl/admin.edituser.tmpl.php and include/inc_tmpl/admin.newuser.tmpl.php via the username (aka new_login) field.
CVSS v3.0: 4.8
GHSA-9m8m-87f2-5gh9: SQL injection vulnerability in Stoneware webNetwork before 6.0.8.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
GHSA-wjp9-62m9-84f3: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in James Low CSS JS Files allows Path Traversal.This issue affects CSS JS Files: from n/a through 1.5.0.
CVSS v3.1: 4.9
CVE-2021-47061: KVM: Destroy I/O bus devices on unregister failure _after_ sync'ing SRCU
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: Destroy I/O bus devices on unregister failure _after_ sync'ing SRCU

If allocating a new instance of an I/O bus fails when unregistering a
device, wait to destroy the device until after all readers are guaranteed
to see the new null bus.  Destroying devices before the bus is nullified
could lead to use-after-free since readers expect the devices on their
reference of the bus to remain valid.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2017-3821: A vulnerability in the serviceability page of Cisco Unified Communications Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. More Information: CSCvc49348. Known Affected Releases: 10.5(2.14076.1). Known Fixed Releases: 12.0(0.98000.209) 12.0(0.98000.478) 12.0(0.98000.609).
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
GHSA-3jgj-55q7-3rwv: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:drm/sched: Check scheduler work queue before calling timeout handlingDuring an IGT GPU reset test we see again oops despite of
commit 0c8c901aaaebc9 (drm/sched: Check scheduler ready before calling
timeout handling).It uses ready condition whether to call drm_sched_fault which unwind
the TDR leads to GPU reset.
However it looks the ready condition is overloaded with other meanings,
for example, for the following stack is related GPU reset :0  gfx_v9_0_cp_gfx_start
1  gfx_v9_0_cp_gfx_resume
2  gfx_v9_0_cp_resume
3  gfx_v9_0_hw_init
4  gfx_v9_0_resume
5  amdgpu_device_ip_resume_phase2does the following:
	/* start the ring */
	gfx_v9_0_cp_gfx_start(adev);
	ring->sched.ready = true;The same approach is for other ASICs as well :
gfx_v8_0_cp_gfx_resume
gfx_v10_0_kiq_resume, etc...As a result, our GPU reset test causes GPU fault which calls unconditionally gfx_v9_0_fault
and then drm_sched_fault. However now it depends on whether the interrupt service routine
drm_sched_fault is executed after gfx_v9_0_cp_gfx_start is completed which sets the ready
field of the scheduler to true even  for uninitialized schedulers and causes oops vs
no fault or when ISR  drm_sched_fault is completed prior  gfx_v9_0_cp_gfx_start and
NULL pointer dereference does not occur.Use the field timeout_wq  to prevent oops for uninitialized schedulers.
The field could be initialized by the work queue of resetting the domain.v1: Corrections to commit message (Luben)
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
GHSA-4g84-hqrm-78fw: Vulnerability in the Oracle WebLogic Server product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: WLS Core Components). The supported version that is affected is 10.3.6.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebLogic Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
CVSS v3.1: 7.2
GHSA-c28j-5qxx-jmfp: In cPanel before 82.0.18, Cpanel::Rand::Get can produce a predictable series of numbers (SEC-525).
CVE-2023-31287: An issue was discovered in Serenity Serene (and StartSharp) before 6.7.0. Password reset links are sent by email. A link contains a token that is used to reset the password. This token remains valid even after the password reset and can be used a second time to change the password of the corresponding user. The token expires only 3 hours after issuance and is sent as a query parameter when resetting. An attacker with access to the browser history can thus use the token again to change the password in order to take over the account.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8