ansulev/circl-vulnerability-scores huggingface dataset:
GHSA-8mpq-mw74-r6q5: An issue was discovered in the MQTT input plugin in Fluent Bit through 1.0.4. When this plugin acts as an MQTT broker (server), it mishandles incoming network messages. After processing a crafted packet, the plugin's mqtt_packet_drop function (in /plugins/in_mqtt/mqtt_prot.c) executes the memmove() function with a negative size parameter. That leads to a crash of the whole Fluent Bit server via a SIGSEGV signal.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
RHSA-2026:13565: Red Hat Security Advisory: kernel security update
kernel: Linux kernel: Denial of Service in libceph OSD client due to unreset sparse-read state kernel: Linux kernel: Use-after-free in traffic control (act_ct) may lead to denial of service or privilege escalation kernel: nfsd: fix heap overflow in NFSv4.0 LOCK replay cache kernel: crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place kernel: crypto: algif_aead - Fix minimum RX size check for decryption
CVSS v3.1: 7.1
CVE-2024-44734: Incorrect access control in Mirotalk before commit 9de226 allows attackers to arbitrarily change usernames via sending a crafted roomAction request to the server.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2026-24082: Use After Free in Automotive GPU
Memory Corruption when copying data from a freed source while executing performance counter deselect operation.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2021-23820: Prototype Pollution
This affects all versions of package json-pointer. A type confusion vulnerability can lead to a bypass of CVE-2020-7709 when the pointer components are arrays.
CVSS v3.1: 5.6
GHSA-cjf9-jxrx-c3wr: A SQL injection vulnerability in ConnectionFactory.java in sazanrjb InventoryManagementSystem 1.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the parameters such as "username", "password", etc.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2002-0481: An interaction between Windows Media Player (WMP) and Outlook 2002 allows remote attackers to bypass Outlook security settings and execute Javascript via an IFRAME in an HTML email message that references .WMS (Windows Media Skin) or other WMP media files, whose onload handlers execute the player.LaunchURL() Javascript function.
CVSS v2.0: 5.1
GHSA-rp2p-wr4p-pq8q: Unknown vulnerability in login for AIX 5.1L, when using loadable authentication modules, allows remote attackers to gain access to the system.
GHSA-hmx5-gpvw-gpv4: SQL injection in Logon Page in MV's mConnect application, v02.001.00, allows an attacker to use a non existing user with a generic password to connect to the application and get access to unauthorized information.
CVE-2019-6846: A CWE-319: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability exists in Modicon M580, Modicon M340, Modicon BMxCRA and 140CRA modules (all firmware versions), which could cause information disclosure when using the FTP protocol.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2025-67752: OpenEMR Has Disabled SSL Certificate Verification in HTTP Client
OpenEMR is a free and open source electronic health records and medical practice management application. Prior to version 7.0.4, OpenEMR's HTTP client wrapper (`oeHttp`/`oeHttpRequest`) disables SSL/TLS certificate verification by default (`verify: false`), making all external HTTPS connections vulnerable to man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. This affects communication with government healthcare APIs and user-configurable external services, potentially exposing Protected Health Information (PHI). Version 7.0.4 fixes the issue.
CVSS v3.1: 8.1
GHSA-2jx3-p89p-3f69: An authenticated user can perform XML eXternal Entity injection in Management Console in Symantec Identity Manager 14.4
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
RHSA-2025:10616: Red Hat Security Advisory: jq security update
jq: jq has signed integer overflow in jv.c:jvp_array_write jq: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow in jq_fuzz_execute (jv_string_vfmt)
CVSS v3.1: 5.5
GHSA-v2pp-pjq5-47rj: Windows Print Spooler Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
CVSS v3.1: 7.3
CVE-2016-8652: The auth component in Dovecot before 2.2.27, when auth-policy is configured, allows a remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) by aborting authentication without setting a username.
CVSS v3.0: 5.9
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2017-16551: K7 Antivirus Premium before 15.1.0.53 allows local users to gain privileges by sending a specific IOCTL after setting the memory in a particular way.
CVSS v3.0: 7
CVSS v2.0: 4.4
GHSA-mq8v-v9h8-26cg: cPanel before 62.0.17 allows a CPHulk one-day ban bypass when IP based protection is enabled (SEC-224).
CVSS v3.0: 7.5
GHSA-3244-j874-rhc2: Netty: Memory Exhaustion in RedisArrayAggregator due to Deeply Nested Arrays
SummaryAn attacker can cause DoS by sending a crafted Redis payload with deeply nested arrays. This forces the server to allocate a massive number of state objects and collections, leading to memory exhaustion and an OutOfMemoryError.Detailsio.netty.handler.codec.redis.RedisArrayAggregator aggregates RedisMessage parts into ArrayRedisMessage. It uses a `Deque<AggregateState>` to keep track of nested arrays. However, it does not limit the maximum depth of nested arrays. When an attacker sends a continuous stream of nested array headers (e.g., `*1\r\n*1\r\n*1\r\n...`), RedisArrayAggregator pushes a `new AggregateState` onto the stack and allocates a `new ArrayList` for each header. Because there is no depth limit, an attacker can send millions of such headers. This consumes a massive amount of heap memory for the AggregateState instances and their backing ArrayLists, eventually resulting in an OutOfMemoryError.ImpactDenial of Service due to memory exhaustion. Any application using Netty's RedisArrayAggregator to handle untrusted Redis traffic is vulnerable.
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-mjqc-rj22-4rf2: The WP Responsive Popup + Optin plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to and including 1.4. This is due to the settings form on the admin page (wpo_admin_page.php) lacking nonce generation (wp_nonce_field) and verification (wp_verify_nonce/check_admin_referer). This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update all plugin settings including the 'wpo_image_url' parameter via a forged request, granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking a link.
CVSS v3.1: 6.1
GHSA-rc7g-prg9-344f: fastadmin v1.2.1 is affected by a file upload vulnerability which allows arbitrary code execution through shell access.
CVE-2022-50751: configfs: fix possible memory leak in configfs_create_dir()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

configfs: fix possible memory leak in configfs_create_dir()

kmemleak reported memory leaks in configfs_create_dir():

unreferenced object 0xffff888009f6af00 (size 192):
  comm "modprobe", pid 3777, jiffies 4295537735 (age 233.784s)
  backtrace:
    kmem_cache_alloc (mm/slub.c:3250 mm/slub.c:3256 mm/slub.c:3263 mm/slub.c:3273)
    new_fragment (./include/linux/slab.h:600 fs/configfs/dir.c:163)
    configfs_register_subsystem (fs/configfs/dir.c:1857)
    basic_write (drivers/hwtracing/stm/p_basic.c:14) stm_p_basic
    do_one_initcall (init/main.c:1296)
    do_init_module (kernel/module/main.c:2455)
    ...

unreferenced object 0xffff888003ba7180 (size 96):
  comm "modprobe", pid 3777, jiffies 4295537735 (age 233.784s)
  backtrace:
    kmem_cache_alloc (mm/slub.c:3250 mm/slub.c:3256 mm/slub.c:3263 mm/slub.c:3273)
    configfs_new_dirent (./include/linux/slab.h:723 fs/configfs/dir.c:194)
    configfs_make_dirent (fs/configfs/dir.c:248)
    configfs_create_dir (fs/configfs/dir.c:296)
    configfs_attach_group.isra.28 (fs/configfs/dir.c:816 fs/configfs/dir.c:852)
    configfs_register_subsystem (fs/configfs/dir.c:1881)
    basic_write (drivers/hwtracing/stm/p_basic.c:14) stm_p_basic
    do_one_initcall (init/main.c:1296)
    do_init_module (kernel/module/main.c:2455)
    ...

This is because the refcount is not correct in configfs_make_dirent().
For normal stage, the refcount is changing as:

configfs_register_subsystem()
  configfs_create_dir()
    configfs_make_dirent()
      configfs_new_dirent() # set s_count = 1
      dentry->d_fsdata = configfs_get(sd); # s_count = 2
...
configfs_unregister_subsystem()
  configfs_remove_dir()
    remove_dir()
      configfs_remove_dirent() # s_count = 1
    dput() ...
      *dentry_unlink_inode()*
        configfs_d_iput() # s_count = 0, release

However, if we failed in configfs_create():

configfs_register_subsystem()
  configfs_create_dir()
    configfs_make_dirent() # s_count = 2
    ...
    configfs_create() # fail
    ->out_remove:
    configfs_remove_dirent(dentry)
      configfs_put(sd) # s_count = 1
      return PTR_ERR(inode);

There is no inode in the error path, so the configfs_d_iput() is lost
and makes sd and fragment memory leaked.

To fix this, when we failed in configfs_create(), manually call
configfs_put(sd) to keep the refcount correct.
GHSA-xcxx-hrwh-p33p: A Remote Code Execution vulnerability in HPE Intelligent Management Center (iMC) PLAT version PLAT 7.3 (E0504) was found. The problem was resolved in HPE Intelligent Management Center PLAT v7.3 (E0506) or any subsequent version.
CVSS v3.0: 8.8
GHSA-grvx-723j-w74g: AVS Audio Converter 9.1 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to overwrite CPU registers by manipulating the 'Exit folder' input field. Attackers can craft a specially designed text file with 264 bytes of padding followed by register overwrite values to compromise the application and potentially execute arbitrary code.
CVSS v4.0: 8.4
CVSS v3.1: 8.4
CVE-2020-16097: On controllers running versions of v8.20 prior to vCR8.20.200221b (distributed in v8.20.1093(MR2)), v8.10 prior to vGR8.10.179 (distributed in v8.10.1211(MR5)), v8.00 prior to vGR8.00.165 (Distributed in v8.00.1228(MR6)), v7.90 prior to vGR7.90.165 (distributed in v7.90.1038(MRX)), v7.80 or earlier, It is possible to retrieve site keys used for securing MIFARE Plus and Desfire using debug ports on T Series readers.
CVSS v3.1: 7.3
CVE-2023-5930: Campcodes Simple Student Information System manage_academic.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Campcodes Simple Student Information System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/students/manage_academic.php. The manipulation of the argument student_id leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-244330 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
CVSS v3.1: 3.5
CVSS v3.0: 3.5
CVSS v2.0: 4
GHSA-mw69-x5r5-p6pw: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the mod_pagespeed module 0.10.19.1 through 0.10.22.4 for the Apache HTTP Server allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
GHSA-fpm4-ph9q-4wjx: An issue in DataLife Engine v.17.1 and before is vulnerable to SQL Injection in dboption.
CVSS v3.1: 9.8
CVE-2019-11398: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in UliCMS 2019.2 and 2019.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the go parameter to admin/index.php, the go parameter to /admin/index.php?register=register, or the error parameter to admin/index.php?action=favicon.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
CVSS v2.0: 4.3
CVE-2014-0954: IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF28, and 8.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF12 does not validate JSP includes, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, bypass intended request-dispatcher access restrictions, or cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted URL.
CVSS v2.0: 6.8
GHSA-325v-5c6v-wv5g: ** DISPUTED **  PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in index.php in the Virii Info 1.10 and earlier module for Xoops allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the xoopsConfig[root_path] parameter. NOTE: the issue has been disputed by a reliable third party, stating that the application's checkSuperglobals function defends against the attack.
CVE-2026-52904: drm/nouveau: fix nvkm_device leak on aperture removal failure
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/nouveau: fix nvkm_device leak on aperture removal failure

When aperture_remove_conflicting_pci_devices() fails during probe, the
error path returns directly without unwinding the nvkm_device that was
just allocated by nvkm_device_pci_new(). This leaks both the device
wrapper and the pci_enable_device() reference taken inside it.

Jump to the existing fail_nvkm label so nvkm_device_del() runs and
balances both. The leak was introduced when the intermediate
nvkm_device_del() between detection and aperture removal was dropped
in favor of creating the pci device once.
CVE-2026-5021: Tenda F453 httpd PPTPUserSetting fromPPTPUserSetting stack-based overflow
A flaw has been found in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This affects the function fromPPTPUserSetting of the file /goform/PPTPUserSetting of the component httpd. This manipulation of the argument delno causes stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used.
CVSS v4.0: 8.7
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
CVSS v3.0: 8.8
CVSS v2.0: 9
GHSA-vjf2-54rq-vcpj: An Authentication Bypass vulnerability in HPE MSA 1040 and MSA 2040 SAN Storage IN version GL220P008 and earlier was found.
CVSS v3.0: 9.8
CVE-2026-33954: LinkAce discloses private notesto unauthorized authenticated users via the web link detail page
LinkAce is a self-hosted archive to collect website links. In versions prior to 2.5.3, a private note attached to a non-private link can be disclosed to a different authenticated user via the web interface. The API appears to correctly enforce note visibility, but the web link detail page renders notes without applying equivalent visibility filtering. As a result, an authenticated user who is allowed to view another user's `internal` or `public` link can read that user's `private` notes attached to the link. Version 2.5.3 patches the issue.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
CVE-2024-28117: Grav vulnerable to Server Side Template Injection (SSTI)
Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, Grav validates accessible functions through the Utils::isDangerousFunction function, but does not impose restrictions on twig functions like twig_array_map, allowing attackers to bypass the validation and execute arbitrary commands. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Upgrading to patched version 1.7.45 can mitigate this issue.

CVSS v3.1: 8.8
GHSA-2pjg-9fhw-m4p9: A remote code execution vulnerability in libavc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. This issue is rated as Critical due to the possibility of remote code execution within the context of the Mediaserver process. Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1. Android ID: A-33934721.
CVSS v3.0: 7.8
GHSA-h4wc-p3wj-466q: A malicious actor may convince a victim to open a malicious USD file that may trigger an uninitialized variable which may result in code execution.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
GHSA-hf47-ffvj-wm45: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ProjectForge before 3.5.3 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a validation message.
GHSA-6mqv-xf3m-2rgf: Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u95, 7u80, and 8u45; JavaFX 2.2.80; and Java SE Embedded 7u75 and 8u33 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D.
CVE-2025-22814: WordPress Zephyr Admin Theme Plugin <= 1.4.1 - CSRF to Stored XSS vulnerability
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Dylan James Zephyr Admin Theme zephyr-modern-admin-theme allows Cross Site Request Forgery.This issue affects Zephyr Admin Theme: from n/a through <= 1.4.1.
CVSS v3.1: 7.1
GHSA-p596-x7gf-xq3c: An Out-of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure vulnerability in Trend Micro Maximum Security (Consumer) 2018 could allow a local attacker to disclose sensitive information on vulnerable installations due to a flaw within processing of IOCTL 0x222814 by the tmnciesc.sys driver. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
CVSS v3.0: 5.5
GHSA-wjv3-vv76-gqfj: The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.3, visionOS 2.3, iOS 18.3 and iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequoia 15.3, watchOS 11.3, tvOS 18.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to memory corruption.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
cisco-sa-20190807-hypflex-csrf: Cisco HyperFlex Software Cross-Site Request Forgery Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco HyperFlex Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attack on an affected system.

The vulnerability is due to insufficient CSRF protections for the web UI on an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the interface to follow a malicious link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary actions with the privilege level of the affected user.

There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.

This advisory is available at the following link:
https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-hypflex-csrf ["https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190807-hypflex-csrf"]
CVSS v3.0: 5.4
CVE-2023-46956: SQL injection vulnerability in Packers and Movers Management System v.1.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via crafted payload to the /mpms/admin/?page=user/manage_user&id file.
CVSS v3.1: 7.2
CVE-2022-25352: Prototype Pollution
The package libnested before 1.5.2 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the set function in index.js. **Note:** This vulnerability derives from an incomplete fix for [CVE-2020-28283](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-LIBNESTED-1054930)
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
CVE-2025-29471: Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in Nagios Log Server v.2024R1.3.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a payload into the Email field.
CVSS v3.1: 8.3
GHSA-6f38-24fq-5q25: An issue was discovered on Samsung mobile devices with P(9.0) (Exynos chipsets) software. The S.LSI Wi-Fi drivers have a buffer overflow. The Samsung ID is SVE-2020-16906 (May 2020).
PYSEC-2025-194: A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in PyTorch 2.6.0. This affects the function torch.jit.script. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS v4.0: 4.8
GHSA-jcg7-h3pf-wrm2: A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in linlinjava litemall 1.8.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /wx/comment/post. The manipulation of the argument adminComment leads to improper authorization. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
CVSS v4.0: 2.1
CVSS v3.1: 4.3
GHSA-pvwc-h4wp-xc77: The Packet Data Network Gateway (aka PGW) component on Cisco ASR 5000 devices with software 15.0(912), 15.0(935), and 15.0(938) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Session Manager outage) via malformed fields in an IP packet, aka Bug ID CSCut38476.
CVE-2026-27769: Connected Workspaces: Malicious remote server can manipulate arbitrary user's status
Mattermost versions 10.11.x <= 10.11.12 fail to validate whether users were correctly owned by the correct Connected Workspace which allows a malicious remote server connected using the Conntexted Workspaces feature to change the displayed status of local users via the Connected Workspaces API.. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00603
CVSS v3.1: 2.7
CVE-2012-1795: webglimpse.cgi in Webglimpse before 2.20.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the query parameter, as exploited in the wild in March 2012.
CVSS v2.0: 7.5
GHSA-jg67-mr48-c26q: IdentityServer IdentityServer4 through 2.4 has stored XSS via the httpContext to the host/Extensions/RequestLoggerMiddleware.cs LogForErrorContext method, which can be triggered by viewing a log.
CVSS v3.0: 6.1
GHSA-236p-442f-j636: Screen SFT DAB 600/C Firmware 1.9.3 contains a weak session management vulnerability that allows attackers to bypass authentication controls by reusing IP-bound session identifiers. Attackers can exploit the vulnerable deviceManagement API endpoint to reset device configurations by sending crafted POST requests with manipulated session parameters.
CVSS v4.0: 8.7
CVSS v3.1: 7.5
GHSA-655p-hr7f-rh2c: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in admin.php in Php-Stats 0.1.9.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) sel_mese and (2) sel_anno parameters in a systems action. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
GHSA-3rcv-jp3w-f98g: The Node Reference module in Content Construction Kit (CCK) module 6.x before 6.x-2.7 for Drupal does not perform access checks for the source field in the backend URL for the autocomplete widget, which allows remote attackers to discover titles and IDs of controlled nodes.
CVE-2026-45207: An origin validation vulnerability in the Apex One/SEP agent could allow a local attacker to escalate privileges on affected installations. This is similar to CVE-2026-45206 but exists in a different process protection communication mechanism.

Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
CVSS v3.1: 7.8
CVE-2026-37429: qihang-wms commit 75c15a was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the datascope parameter in the SysUserMapper.xml file. This vulnerability allows attackers to access sensitive database information, including users' Personally Identifiable Information (PII) via a crafted SQL statement.
CVSS v3.1: 6.5
GHSA-hxhj-hp9m-qwc4: private_address_check vulnerable to bypass of Resolv.getaddresses method
The private_address_check ruby gem before 0.4.0 is vulnerable to a bypass due to use of Ruby's `Resolv.getaddresses` method, which is OS-dependent and should not be relied upon for security measures, such as when used to blacklist private network addresses to prevent server-side request forgery.
GHSA-mh5w-r55j-6jjp: Directory traversal vulnerability in administrator/download.php in IDMOS (aka Phoenix) 1.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the fileName parameter.
GHSA-rfqh-qhwq-hww8: A vulnerability was determined in FastAdmin up to 1.7.0.20250506. Affected is the function selectpage of the file application/common/controller/Backend.php of the component Backend Controller. Executing manipulation of the argument custom/searchField can lead to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
CVSS v4.0: 2
CVSS v3.1: 4.7
GHSA-7rc4-v56c-j5pm: Privilege escalation in Automatic Systems Maintenance SlimLane 29565_d74ecce0c1081d50546db573a499941b10799fb7 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the FtpConfig.php page.
CVSS v3.1: 8.8
GHSA-2rrp-7c8v-xf6v: Stack-based buffer overflow in the _lib_spawn_user_getpid function in (1) swatch.exe and (2) surgemail.exe in NetWin SurgeMail 38k4 and earlier, and beta 39a, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via an HTTP request with multiple long headers to webmail.exe and unspecified other CGI executables, which triggers an overflow when assigning values to environment variables.  NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.