text: #ifndef PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H
  #define PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H
  
  /*
   * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
   * Windows WAVEFORMAT* data structure utilities
   * portaudio.h should be included before this file.
   *
   * Copyright (c) 2007 Ross Bencina
   *
   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
   * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
   * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
   * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
   * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
   * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
   * subject to the following conditions:
   *
   * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
   * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
   *
   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
   * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
   * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
   * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
   * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
   * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
   * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
   */
  
  /*
   * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however, 
   * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
   *
   * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
   * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
   * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also 
   * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the 
   * license above.
   */
  
  /** @file
   @brief Windows specific PortAudio API extension and utilities header file.
  */
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  /*
  	The following #defines for speaker channel masks are the same
  	as those in ksmedia.h, except with PAWIN_ prepended, KSAUDIO_ removed
  	in some cases, and casts to PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask added.
  */
  
  typedef unsigned long PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask;
  
  /* Speaker Positions: */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x1)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x2)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x4)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x8)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT					((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x10)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x20)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER		((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x40)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER		((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x80)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x100)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT					((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x200)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x400)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x800)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_LEFT			((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x1000)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_CENTER			((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x2000)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_RIGHT			((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x4000)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_LEFT				((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x8000)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_CENTER			((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x10000)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_RIGHT			((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x20000)
  
  /* Bit mask locations reserved for future use */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_RESERVED					((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x7FFC0000)
  
  /* Used to specify that any possible permutation of speaker configurations */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_ALL						((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x80000000)
  
  /* DirectSound Speaker Config */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT					0
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_MONO						(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO					(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD						(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SURROUND					(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1					(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1					(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND			(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND			(PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT | \
  												PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
  /*
   According to the Microsoft documentation:
   The following are obsolete 5.1 and 7.1 settings (they lack side speakers).  Note this means
   that the default 5.1 and 7.1 settings (KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1 and KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1 are
   similarly obsolete but are unchanged for compatibility reasons).
  */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_BACK				PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_WIDE				PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1
  
  /* DVD Speaker Positions */
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_LEFT			PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_CENTER		PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_RIGHT		PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_LEFT			PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_RIGHT			PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_MIDDLE				PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER
  #define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SUPER_WOOFER				PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY
  
  
  /*
  	PaWinWaveFormat is defined here to provide compatibility with
  	compilation environments which don't have headers defining 
  	WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE (e.g. older versions of MSVC, Borland C++ etc.
  
  	The fields for WAVEFORMATEX and WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE are declared as an
      unsigned char array here to avoid clients who include this file having 
      a dependency on windows.h and mmsystem.h, and also to to avoid having
      to write separate packing pragmas for each compiler.
  */
  #define PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX   18
  #define PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE (PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX + 22)
  
  typedef struct{
      unsigned char fields[ PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE ];
      unsigned long extraLongForAlignment; /* ensure that compiler aligns struct to DWORD */ 
  } PaWinWaveFormat;
  
  /*
      WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE fields:
      
      union  {
  	    WORD  wValidBitsPerSample;    
  	    WORD  wSamplesPerBlock;    
  	    WORD  wReserved;  
      } Samples;
      DWORD  dwChannelMask;  
      GUID  SubFormat;
  */
  
  #define PAWIN_INDEXOF_WVALIDBITSPERSAMPLE	(PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+0)
  #define PAWIN_INDEXOF_DWCHANNELMASK			(PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+2)
  #define PAWIN_INDEXOF_SUBFORMAT				(PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+6)
  
  /*
  	Use the following two functions to initialize the waveformat structure.
  */
  
  void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat, 
  		int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, double sampleRate );
  
  
  void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat, 
  		int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, double sampleRate,
  	    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask );
  
  
  /* Map a channel count to a speaker channel mask */
  PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( int numChannels );
  
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif /* __cplusplus */
  
  #endif /* PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H */
  