text: /*
  Package buffer provides http.Handler middleware that solves several problems when dealing with http requests:
  
  Reads the entire request and response into buffer, optionally buffering it to disk for large requests.
  Checks the limits for the requests and responses, rejecting in case if the limit was exceeded.
  Changes request content-transfer-encoding from chunked and provides total size to the handlers.
  
  Examples of a buffering middleware:
  
    // sample HTTP handler
    handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
      w.Write([]byte("hello"))
    })
  
    // Buffer will read the body in buffer before passing the request to the handler
    // calculate total size of the request and transform it from chunked encoding
    // before passing to the server
    buffer.New(handler)
  
    // This version will buffer up to 2MB in memory and will serialize any extra
    // to a temporary file, if the request size exceeds 10MB it will reject the request
    buffer.New(handler,
      buffer.MemRequestBodyBytes(2 * 1024 * 1024),
      buffer.MaxRequestBodyBytes(10 * 1024 * 1024))
  
    // Will do the same as above, but with responses
    buffer.New(handler,
      buffer.MemResponseBodyBytes(2 * 1024 * 1024),
      buffer.MaxResponseBodyBytes(10 * 1024 * 1024))
  
    // Buffer will replay the request if the handler returns error at least 3 times
    // before returning the response
    buffer.New(handler, buffer.Retry(`IsNetworkError() && Attempts() <= 2`))
  
  */
  package buffer
  
  import (
  	"bufio"
  	"fmt"
  	"io"
  	"io/ioutil"
  	"net"
  	"net/http"
  	"reflect"
  
  	"github.com/mailgun/multibuf"
  	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
  	"github.com/vulcand/oxy/utils"
  )
  
  const (
  	// DefaultMemBodyBytes Store up to 1MB in RAM
  	DefaultMemBodyBytes = 1048576
  	// DefaultMaxBodyBytes No limit by default
  	DefaultMaxBodyBytes = -1
  	// DefaultMaxRetryAttempts Maximum retry attempts
  	DefaultMaxRetryAttempts = 10
  )
  
  var errHandler utils.ErrorHandler = &SizeErrHandler{}
  
  // Buffer is responsible for buffering requests and responses
  // It buffers large requests and responses to disk,
  type Buffer struct {
  	maxRequestBodyBytes int64
  	memRequestBodyBytes int64
  
  	maxResponseBodyBytes int64
  	memResponseBodyBytes int64
  
  	retryPredicate hpredicate
  
  	next       http.Handler
  	errHandler utils.ErrorHandler
  
  	log *log.Logger
  }
  
  // New returns a new buffer middleware. New() function supports optional functional arguments
  func New(next http.Handler, setters ...optSetter) (*Buffer, error) {
  	strm := &Buffer{
  		next: next,
  
  		maxRequestBodyBytes: DefaultMaxBodyBytes,
  		memRequestBodyBytes: DefaultMemBodyBytes,
  
  		maxResponseBodyBytes: DefaultMaxBodyBytes,
  		memResponseBodyBytes: DefaultMemBodyBytes,
  
  		log: log.StandardLogger(),
  	}
  	for _, s := range setters {
  		if err := s(strm); err != nil {
  			return nil, err
  		}
  	}
  	if strm.errHandler == nil {
  		strm.errHandler = errHandler
  	}
  
  	return strm, nil
  }
  
  // Logger defines the logger the buffer will use.
  //
  // It defaults to logrus.StandardLogger(), the global logger used by logrus.
  func Logger(l *log.Logger) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		b.log = l
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  type optSetter func(b *Buffer) error
  
  // CondSetter Conditional setter.
  // ex: Cond(a > 4, MemRequestBodyBytes(a))
  func CondSetter(condition bool, setter optSetter) optSetter {
  	if !condition {
  		// NoOp setter
  		return func(*Buffer) error {
  			return nil
  		}
  	}
  	return setter
  }
  
  // Retry provides a predicate that allows buffer middleware to replay the request
  // if it matches certain condition, e.g. returns special error code. Available functions are:
  //
  // Attempts() - limits the amount of retry attempts
  // ResponseCode() - returns http response code
  // IsNetworkError() - tests if response code is related to networking error
  //
  // Example of the predicate:
  //
  // `Attempts() <= 2 && ResponseCode() == 502`
  //
  func Retry(predicate string) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		p, err := parseExpression(predicate)
  		if err != nil {
  			return err
  		}
  		b.retryPredicate = p
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // ErrorHandler sets error handler of the server
  func ErrorHandler(h utils.ErrorHandler) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		b.errHandler = h
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // MaxRequestBodyBytes sets the maximum request body size in bytes
  func MaxRequestBodyBytes(m int64) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		if m < 0 {
  			return fmt.Errorf("max bytes should be >= 0 got %d", m)
  		}
  		b.maxRequestBodyBytes = m
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // MemRequestBodyBytes bytes sets the maximum request body to be stored in memory
  // buffer middleware will serialize the excess to disk.
  func MemRequestBodyBytes(m int64) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		if m < 0 {
  			return fmt.Errorf("mem bytes should be >= 0 got %d", m)
  		}
  		b.memRequestBodyBytes = m
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // MaxResponseBodyBytes sets the maximum request body size in bytes
  func MaxResponseBodyBytes(m int64) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		if m < 0 {
  			return fmt.Errorf("max bytes should be >= 0 got %d", m)
  		}
  		b.maxResponseBodyBytes = m
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // MemResponseBodyBytes sets the maximum request body to be stored in memory
  // buffer middleware will serialize the excess to disk.
  func MemResponseBodyBytes(m int64) optSetter {
  	return func(b *Buffer) error {
  		if m < 0 {
  			return fmt.Errorf("mem bytes should be >= 0 got %d", m)
  		}
  		b.memResponseBodyBytes = m
  		return nil
  	}
  }
  
  // Wrap sets the next handler to be called by buffer handler.
  func (b *Buffer) Wrap(next http.Handler) error {
  	b.next = next
  	return nil
  }
  
  func (b *Buffer) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
  	if b.log.Level >= log.DebugLevel {
  		logEntry := b.log.WithField("Request", utils.DumpHttpRequest(req))
  		logEntry.Debug("vulcand/oxy/buffer: begin ServeHttp on request")
  		defer logEntry.Debug("vulcand/oxy/buffer: completed ServeHttp on request")
  	}
  
  	if err := b.checkLimit(req); err != nil {
  		b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: request body over limit, err: %v", err)
  		b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  		return
  	}
  
  	// Read the body while keeping limits in mind. This reader controls the maximum bytes
  	// to read into memory and disk. This reader returns an error if the total request size exceeds the
  	// predefined MaxSizeBytes. This can occur if we got chunked request, in this case ContentLength would be set to -1
  	// and the reader would be unbounded bufio in the http.Server
  	body, err := multibuf.New(req.Body, multibuf.MaxBytes(b.maxRequestBodyBytes), multibuf.MemBytes(b.memRequestBodyBytes))
  	if err != nil || body == nil {
  		b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: error when reading request body, err: %v", err)
  		b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  		return
  	}
  
  	// Set request body to buffered reader that can replay the read and execute Seek
  	// Note that we don't change the original request body as it's handled by the http server
  	// and we don'w want to mess with standard library
  	defer func() {
  		if body != nil {
  			errClose := body.Close()
  			if errClose != nil {
  				b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: failed to close body, err: %v", errClose)
  			}
  		}
  	}()
  
  	// We need to set ContentLength based on known request size. The incoming request may have been
  	// set without content length or using chunked TransferEncoding
  	totalSize, err := body.Size()
  	if err != nil {
  		b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: failed to get request size, err: %v", err)
  		b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  		return
  	}
  
  	if totalSize == 0 {
  		body = nil
  	}
  
  	outreq := b.copyRequest(req, body, totalSize)
  
  	attempt := 1
  	for {
  		// We create a special writer that will limit the response size, buffer it to disk if necessary
  		writer, err := multibuf.NewWriterOnce(multibuf.MaxBytes(b.maxResponseBodyBytes), multibuf.MemBytes(b.memResponseBodyBytes))
  		if err != nil {
  			b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: failed create response writer, err: %v", err)
  			b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  			return
  		}
  
  		// We are mimicking http.ResponseWriter to replace writer with our special writer
  		bw := &bufferWriter{
  			header:         make(http.Header),
  			buffer:         writer,
  			responseWriter: w,
  			log:            b.log,
  		}
  		defer bw.Close()
  
  		b.next.ServeHTTP(bw, outreq)
  		if bw.hijacked {
  			b.log.Debugf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: connection was hijacked downstream. Not taking any action in buffer.")
  			return
  		}
  
  		var reader multibuf.MultiReader
  		if bw.expectBody(outreq) {
  			rdr, err := writer.Reader()
  			if err != nil {
  				b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: failed to read response, err: %v", err)
  				b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  				return
  			}
  			defer rdr.Close()
  			reader = rdr
  		}
  
  		if (b.retryPredicate == nil || attempt > DefaultMaxRetryAttempts) ||
  			!b.retryPredicate(&context{r: req, attempt: attempt, responseCode: bw.code}) {
  			utils.CopyHeaders(w.Header(), bw.Header())
  			w.WriteHeader(bw.code)
  			if reader != nil {
  				io.Copy(w, reader)
  			}
  			return
  		}
  
  		attempt++
  		if body != nil {
  			if _, err := body.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
  				b.log.Errorf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: failed to rewind response body, err: %v", err)
  				b.errHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  				return
  			}
  		}
  
  		outreq = b.copyRequest(req, body, totalSize)
  		b.log.Debugf("vulcand/oxy/buffer: retry Request(%v %v) attempt %v", req.Method, req.URL, attempt)
  	}
  }
  
  func (b *Buffer) copyRequest(req *http.Request, body io.ReadCloser, bodySize int64) *http.Request {
  	o := *req
  	o.URL = utils.CopyURL(req.URL)
  	o.Header = make(http.Header)
  	utils.CopyHeaders(o.Header, req.Header)
  	o.ContentLength = bodySize
  	// remove TransferEncoding that could have been previously set because we have transformed the request from chunked encoding
  	o.TransferEncoding = []string{}
  	// http.Transport will close the request body on any error, we are controlling the close process ourselves, so we override the closer here
  	if body == nil {
  		o.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(req.Body)
  	} else {
  		o.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(body.(io.Reader))
  	}
  	return &o
  }
  
  func (b *Buffer) checkLimit(req *http.Request) error {
  	if b.maxRequestBodyBytes <= 0 {
  		return nil
  	}
  	if req.ContentLength > b.maxRequestBodyBytes {
  		return &multibuf.MaxSizeReachedError{MaxSize: b.maxRequestBodyBytes}
  	}
  	return nil
  }
  
  type bufferWriter struct {
  	header         http.Header
  	code           int
  	buffer         multibuf.WriterOnce
  	responseWriter http.ResponseWriter
  	hijacked       bool
  	log            *log.Logger
  }
  
  // RFC2616 #4.4
  func (b *bufferWriter) expectBody(r *http.Request) bool {
  	if r.Method == "HEAD" {
  		return false
  	}
  	if (b.code >= 100 && b.code < 200) || b.code == 204 || b.code == 304 {
  		return false
  	}
  	// refer to https://github.com/vulcand/oxy/issues/113
  	// if b.header.Get("Content-Length") == "" && b.header.Get("Transfer-Encoding") == "" {
  	// 	return false
  	// }
  	if b.header.Get("Content-Length") == "0" {
  		return false
  	}
  	return true
  }
  
  func (b *bufferWriter) Close() error {
  	return b.buffer.Close()
  }
  
  func (b *bufferWriter) Header() http.Header {
  	return b.header
  }
  
  func (b *bufferWriter) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
  	length, err := b.buffer.Write(buf)
  	if err != nil {
  		// Since go1.11 (https://github.com/golang/go/commit/8f38f28222abccc505b9a1992deecfe3e2cb85de)
  		// if the writer returns an error, the reverse proxy panics
  		b.log.Error(err)
  		length = len(buf)
  	}
  	return length, nil
  }
  
  // WriteHeader sets rw.Code.
  func (b *bufferWriter) WriteHeader(code int) {
  	b.code = code
  }
  
  // CloseNotifier interface - this allows downstream connections to be terminated when the client terminates.
  func (b *bufferWriter) CloseNotify() <-chan bool {
  	if cn, ok := b.responseWriter.(http.CloseNotifier); ok {
  		return cn.CloseNotify()
  	}
  	b.log.Warningf("Upstream ResponseWriter of type %v does not implement http.CloseNotifier. Returning dummy channel.", reflect.TypeOf(b.responseWriter))
  	return make(<-chan bool)
  }
  
  // Hijack This allows connections to be hijacked for websockets for instance.
  func (b *bufferWriter) Hijack() (net.Conn, *bufio.ReadWriter, error) {
  	if hi, ok := b.responseWriter.(http.Hijacker); ok {
  		conn, rw, err := hi.Hijack()
  		if err != nil {
  			b.hijacked = true
  		}
  		return conn, rw, err
  	}
  	b.log.Warningf("Upstream ResponseWriter of type %v does not implement http.Hijacker. Returning dummy channel.", reflect.TypeOf(b.responseWriter))
  	return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("the response writer wrapped in this proxy does not implement http.Hijacker. Its type is: %v", reflect.TypeOf(b.responseWriter))
  }
  
  // SizeErrHandler Size error handler
  type SizeErrHandler struct{}
  
  func (e *SizeErrHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, err error) {
  	if _, ok := err.(*multibuf.MaxSizeReachedError); ok {
  		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge)
  		w.Write([]byte(http.StatusText(http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge)))
  		return
  	}
  	utils.DefaultHandler.ServeHTTP(w, req, err)
  }
  