text: <?php
  /**
   * CakeTime utility class file.
   *
   * CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (https://cakephp.org)
   * Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (https://cakefoundation.org)
   *
   * Licensed under The MIT License
   * For full copyright and license information, please see the LICENSE.txt
   * Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
   *
   * @copyright     Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (https://cakefoundation.org)
   * @link          https://cakephp.org CakePHP(tm) Project
   * @package       Cake.Utility
   * @since         CakePHP(tm) v 0.10.0.1076
   * @license       https://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php MIT License
   */
  
  App::uses('Multibyte', 'I18n');
  
  /**
   * Time Helper class for easy use of time data.
   *
   * Manipulation of time data.
   *
   * @package       Cake.Utility
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html
   */
  class CakeTime {
  
  /**
   * The format to use when formatting a time using `CakeTime::nice()`
   *
   * The format should use the locale strings as defined in the PHP docs under
   * `strftime` (http://php.net/manual/en/function.strftime.php)
   *
   * @var string
   * @see CakeTime::format()
   */
  	public static $niceFormat = '%a, %b %eS %Y, %H:%M';
  
  /**
   * The format to use when formatting a time using `CakeTime::timeAgoInWords()`
   * and the difference is more than `CakeTime::$wordEnd`
   *
   * @var string
   * @see CakeTime::timeAgoInWords()
   */
  	public static $wordFormat = 'j/n/y';
  
  /**
   * The format to use when formatting a time using `CakeTime::niceShort()`
   * and the difference is between 3 and 7 days
   *
   * @var string
   * @see CakeTime::niceShort()
   */
  	public static $niceShortFormat = '%B %d, %H:%M';
  
  /**
   * The format to use when formatting a time using `CakeTime::timeAgoInWords()`
   * and the difference is less than `CakeTime::$wordEnd`
   *
   * @var array
   * @see CakeTime::timeAgoInWords()
   */
  	public static $wordAccuracy = array(
  		'year' => 'day',
  		'month' => 'day',
  		'week' => 'day',
  		'day' => 'hour',
  		'hour' => 'minute',
  		'minute' => 'minute',
  		'second' => 'second',
  	);
  
  /**
   * The end of relative time telling
   *
   * @var string
   * @see CakeTime::timeAgoInWords()
   */
  	public static $wordEnd = '+1 month';
  
  /**
   * Temporary variable containing the timestamp value, used internally in convertSpecifiers()
   *
   * @var int
   */
  	protected static $_time = null;
  
  /**
   * Magic set method for backwards compatibility.
   * Used by TimeHelper to modify static variables in CakeTime
   *
   * @param string $name Variable name
   * @param mixes $value Variable value
   * @return void
   */
  	public function __set($name, $value) {
  		switch ($name) {
  			case 'niceFormat':
  				static::${$name} = $value;
  				break;
  		}
  	}
  
  /**
   * Magic set method for backwards compatibility.
   * Used by TimeHelper to get static variables in CakeTime
   *
   * @param string $name Variable name
   * @return mixed
   */
  	public function __get($name) {
  		switch ($name) {
  			case 'niceFormat':
  				return static::${$name};
  			default:
  				return null;
  		}
  	}
  
  /**
   * Converts a string representing the format for the function strftime and returns a
   * Windows safe and i18n aware format.
   *
   * @param string $format Format with specifiers for strftime function.
   *    Accepts the special specifier %S which mimics the modifier S for date()
   * @param string $time UNIX timestamp
   * @return string Windows safe and date() function compatible format for strftime
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::convertSpecifiers
   */
  	public static function convertSpecifiers($format, $time = null) {
  		if (!$time) {
  			$time = time();
  		}
  		static::$_time = $time;
  		return preg_replace_callback('/\%(\w+)/', array('CakeTime', '_translateSpecifier'), $format);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Auxiliary function to translate a matched specifier element from a regular expression into
   * a Windows safe and i18n aware specifier
   *
   * @param array $specifier match from regular expression
   * @return string converted element
   */
  	protected static function _translateSpecifier($specifier) {
  		switch ($specifier[1]) {
  			case 'a':
  				$abday = __dc('cake', 'abday', 5);
  				if (is_array($abday)) {
  					return $abday[date('w', static::$_time)];
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'A':
  				$day = __dc('cake', 'day', 5);
  				if (is_array($day)) {
  					return $day[date('w', static::$_time)];
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'c':
  				$format = __dc('cake', 'd_t_fmt', 5);
  				if ($format !== 'd_t_fmt') {
  					return static::convertSpecifiers($format, static::$_time);
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'C':
  				return sprintf("%02d", date('Y', static::$_time) / 100);
  			case 'D':
  				return '%m/%d/%y';
  			case 'e':
  				if (DS === '/') {
  					return '%e';
  				}
  				$day = date('j', static::$_time);
  				if ($day < 10) {
  					$day = ' ' . $day;
  				}
  				return $day;
  			case 'eS' :
  				return date('jS', static::$_time);
  			case 'b':
  			case 'h':
  				$months = __dc('cake', 'abmon', 5);
  				if (is_array($months)) {
  					return $months[date('n', static::$_time) - 1];
  				}
  				return '%b';
  			case 'B':
  				$months = __dc('cake', 'mon', 5);
  				if (is_array($months)) {
  					return $months[date('n', static::$_time) - 1];
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'n':
  				return "\n";
  			case 'p':
  			case 'P':
  				$default = array('am' => 0, 'pm' => 1);
  				$meridiem = $default[date('a', static::$_time)];
  				$format = __dc('cake', 'am_pm', 5);
  				if (is_array($format)) {
  					$meridiem = $format[$meridiem];
  					return ($specifier[1] === 'P') ? strtolower($meridiem) : strtoupper($meridiem);
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'r':
  				$complete = __dc('cake', 't_fmt_ampm', 5);
  				if ($complete !== 't_fmt_ampm') {
  					return str_replace('%p', static::_translateSpecifier(array('%p', 'p')), $complete);
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'R':
  				return date('H:i', static::$_time);
  			case 't':
  				return "\t";
  			case 'T':
  				return '%H:%M:%S';
  			case 'u':
  				return ($weekDay = date('w', static::$_time)) ? $weekDay : 7;
  			case 'x':
  				$format = __dc('cake', 'd_fmt', 5);
  				if ($format !== 'd_fmt') {
  					return static::convertSpecifiers($format, static::$_time);
  				}
  				break;
  			case 'X':
  				$format = __dc('cake', 't_fmt', 5);
  				if ($format !== 't_fmt') {
  					return static::convertSpecifiers($format, static::$_time);
  				}
  				break;
  		}
  		return $specifier[0];
  	}
  
  /**
   * Converts given time (in server's time zone) to user's local time, given his/her timezone.
   *
   * @param int $serverTime Server's timestamp.
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone User's timezone string or DateTimeZone object.
   * @return int User's timezone timestamp.
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::convert
   */
  	public static function convert($serverTime, $timezone) {
  		static $serverTimezone = null;
  		if ($serverTimezone === null || (date_default_timezone_get() !== $serverTimezone->getName())) {
  			$serverTimezone = new DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get());
  		}
  		$serverOffset = $serverTimezone->getOffset(new DateTime('@' . $serverTime));
  		$gmtTime = $serverTime - $serverOffset;
  		if (is_numeric($timezone)) {
  			$userOffset = $timezone * (60 * 60);
  		} else {
  			$timezone = static::timezone($timezone);
  			$userOffset = $timezone->getOffset(new DateTime('@' . $gmtTime));
  		}
  		$userTime = $gmtTime + $userOffset;
  		return (int)$userTime;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a timezone object from a string or the user's timezone object
   *
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * 	If null it tries to get timezone from 'Config.timezone' config var
   * @return DateTimeZone Timezone object
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::timezone
   */
  	public static function timezone($timezone = null) {
  		static $tz = null;
  
  		if (is_object($timezone)) {
  			if ($tz === null || $tz->getName() !== $timezone->getName()) {
  				$tz = $timezone;
  			}
  		} else {
  			if ($timezone === null) {
  				$timezone = Configure::read('Config.timezone');
  				if ($timezone === null) {
  					$timezone = date_default_timezone_get();
  				}
  			}
  
  			if ($tz === null || $tz->getName() !== $timezone) {
  				$tz = new DateTimeZone($timezone);
  			}
  		}
  
  		return $tz;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns server's offset from GMT in seconds.
   *
   * @return int Offset
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::serverOffset
   */
  	public static function serverOffset() {
  		return date('Z', time());
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a timestamp, given either a UNIX timestamp or a valid strtotime() date string.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return int|false Parsed given timezone timestamp.
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::fromString
   */
  	public static function fromString($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		if (empty($dateString)) {
  			return false;
  		}
  
  		$containsDummyDate = (is_string($dateString) && substr($dateString, 0, 10) === '0000-00-00');
  		if ($containsDummyDate) {
  			return false;
  		}
  
  		if (is_int($dateString) || is_numeric($dateString)) {
  			$date = (int)$dateString;
  		} elseif ($dateString instanceof DateTime &&
  			$dateString->getTimezone()->getName() != date_default_timezone_get()
  		) {
  			$clone = clone $dateString;
  			$clone->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get()));
  			$date = (int)$clone->format('U') + $clone->getOffset();
  		} elseif ($dateString instanceof DateTime) {
  			$date = (int)$dateString->format('U');
  		} else {
  			$date = strtotime($dateString);
  		}
  
  		if ($date === -1 || empty($date)) {
  			return false;
  		}
  
  		if ($timezone === null) {
  			$timezone = Configure::read('Config.timezone');
  		}
  
  		if ($timezone !== null) {
  			return static::convert($date, $timezone);
  		}
  		return $date;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a nicely formatted date string for given Datetime string.
   *
   * See http://php.net/manual/en/function.strftime.php for information on formatting
   * using locale strings.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $date UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @param string $format The format to use. If null, `CakeTime::$niceFormat` is used
   * @return string Formatted date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::nice
   */
  	public static function nice($date = null, $timezone = null, $format = null) {
  		if (!$date) {
  			$date = time();
  		}
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($date, $timezone);
  		if (!$format) {
  			$format = static::$niceFormat;
  		}
  		$convertedFormat = static::convertSpecifiers($format, $timestamp);
  		return static::_strftimeWithTimezone($convertedFormat, $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a formatted descriptive date string for given datetime string.
   *
   * If the given date is today, the returned string could be "Today, 16:54".
   * If the given date is tomorrow, the returned string could be "Tomorrow, 16:54".
   * If the given date was yesterday, the returned string could be "Yesterday, 16:54".
   * If the given date is within next or last week, the returned string could be "On Thursday, 16:54".
   * If $dateString's year is the current year, the returned string does not
   * include mention of the year.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $date UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Described, relative date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::niceShort
   */
  	public static function niceShort($date = null, $timezone = null) {
  		if (!$date) {
  			$date = time();
  		}
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($date, $timezone);
  
  		if (static::isToday($date, $timezone)) {
  			$formattedDate = static::_strftimeWithTimezone("%H:%M", $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  			return __d('cake', 'Today, %s', $formattedDate);
  		}
  		if (static::wasYesterday($date, $timezone)) {
  			$formattedDate = static::_strftimeWithTimezone("%H:%M", $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  			return __d('cake', 'Yesterday, %s', $formattedDate);
  		}
  		if (static::isTomorrow($date, $timezone)) {
  			$formattedDate = static::_strftimeWithTimezone("%H:%M", $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  			return __d('cake', 'Tomorrow, %s', $formattedDate);
  		}
  
  		$d = static::_strftimeWithTimezone("%w", $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  		$day = array(
  			__d('cake', 'Sunday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Monday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Tuesday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Wednesday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Thursday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Friday'),
  			__d('cake', 'Saturday')
  		);
  		if (static::wasWithinLast('7 days', $date, $timezone)) {
  			$formattedDate = static::_strftimeWithTimezone(static::$niceShortFormat, $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  			return sprintf('%s %s', $day[$d], $formattedDate);
  		}
  		if (static::isWithinNext('7 days', $date, $timezone)) {
  			$formattedDate = static::_strftimeWithTimezone(static::$niceShortFormat, $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  			return __d('cake', 'On %s %s', $day[$d], $formattedDate);
  		}
  
  		$y = '';
  		if (!static::isThisYear($timestamp)) {
  			$y = ' %Y';
  		}
  		$format = static::convertSpecifiers("%b %eS{$y}, %H:%M", $timestamp);
  		return static::_strftimeWithTimezone($format, $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a partial SQL string to search for all records between two dates.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $begin UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param int|string|DateTime $end UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string $fieldName Name of database field to compare with
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Partial SQL string.
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::daysAsSql
   */
  	public static function daysAsSql($begin, $end, $fieldName, $timezone = null) {
  		$begin = static::fromString($begin, $timezone);
  		$end = static::fromString($end, $timezone);
  		$begin = date('Y-m-d', $begin) . ' 00:00:00';
  		$end = date('Y-m-d', $end) . ' 23:59:59';
  
  		return "($fieldName >= '$begin') AND ($fieldName <= '$end')";
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a partial SQL string to search for all records between two times
   * occurring on the same day.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string $fieldName Name of database field to compare with
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Partial SQL string.
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::dayAsSql
   */
  	public static function dayAsSql($dateString, $fieldName, $timezone = null) {
  		return static::daysAsSql($dateString, $dateString, $fieldName, $timezone);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is today.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is today
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isToday
   */
  	public static function isToday($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  		return date('Y-m-d', $timestamp) === date('Y-m-d', $now);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is in the future.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is in the future
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isFuture
   */
  	public static function isFuture($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		return $timestamp > time();
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is in the past.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is in the past
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isPast
   */
  	public static function isPast($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		return $timestamp < time();
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is within this week.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is within current week
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isThisWeek
   */
  	public static function isThisWeek($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  		return date('W o', $timestamp) === date('W o', $now);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is within this month
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is within current month
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isThisMonth
   */
  	public static function isThisMonth($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  		return date('m Y', $timestamp) === date('m Y', $now);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is within current year.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string is within current year
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isThisYear
   */
  	public static function isThisYear($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  		return date('Y', $timestamp) === date('Y', $now);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string was yesterday.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string was yesterday
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::wasYesterday
   */
  	public static function wasYesterday($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$yesterday = static::fromString('yesterday', $timezone);
  		return date('Y-m-d', $timestamp) === date('Y-m-d', $yesterday);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if given datetime string is tomorrow.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool True if datetime string was yesterday
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::isTomorrow
   */
  	public static function isTomorrow($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$tomorrow = static::fromString('tomorrow', $timezone);
  		return date('Y-m-d', $timestamp) === date('Y-m-d', $tomorrow);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns the quarter
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param bool $range if true returns a range in Y-m-d format
   * @return int|array 1, 2, 3, or 4 quarter of year or array if $range true
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::toQuarter
   */
  	public static function toQuarter($dateString, $range = false) {
  		$time = static::fromString($dateString);
  		$date = (int)ceil(date('m', $time) / 3);
  		if ($range === false) {
  			return $date;
  		}
  
  		$year = date('Y', $time);
  		switch ($date) {
  			case 1:
  				return array($year . '-01-01', $year . '-03-31');
  			case 2:
  				return array($year . '-04-01', $year . '-06-30');
  			case 3:
  				return array($year . '-07-01', $year . '-09-30');
  			case 4:
  				return array($year . '-10-01', $year . '-12-31');
  		}
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a UNIX timestamp from a textual datetime description. Wrapper for PHP function strtotime().
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return int Unix timestamp
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::toUnix
   */
  	public static function toUnix($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		return static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a formatted date in server's timezone.
   *
   * If a DateTime object is given or the dateString has a timezone
   * segment, the timezone parameter will be ignored.
   *
   * If no timezone parameter is given and no DateTime object, the passed $dateString will be
   * considered to be in the UTC timezone.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @param string $format date format string
   * @return mixed Formatted date
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::toServer
   */
  	public static function toServer($dateString, $timezone = null, $format = 'Y-m-d H:i:s') {
  		if ($timezone === null) {
  			$timezone = new DateTimeZone('UTC');
  		} elseif (is_string($timezone)) {
  			$timezone = new DateTimeZone($timezone);
  		} elseif (!($timezone instanceof DateTimeZone)) {
  			return false;
  		}
  
  		if ($dateString instanceof DateTime) {
  			$date = $dateString;
  		} elseif (is_int($dateString) || is_numeric($dateString)) {
  			$dateString = (int)$dateString;
  
  			$date = new DateTime('@' . $dateString);
  			$date->setTimezone($timezone);
  		} else {
  			$date = new DateTime($dateString, $timezone);
  		}
  
  		$date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get()));
  		return $date->format($format);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a date formatted for Atom RSS feeds.
   *
   * @param string $dateString Datetime string or Unix timestamp
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Formatted date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::toAtom
   */
  	public static function toAtom($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		return date('Y-m-d\TH:i:s\Z', static::fromString($dateString, $timezone));
  	}
  
  /**
   * Formats date for RSS feeds
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Formatted date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::toRSS
   */
  	public static function toRSS($dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$date = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  
  		if ($timezone === null) {
  			return date("r", $date);
  		}
  
  		$userOffset = $timezone;
  		if (!is_numeric($timezone)) {
  			if (!is_object($timezone)) {
  				$timezone = new DateTimeZone($timezone);
  			}
  			$currentDate = new DateTime('@' . $date);
  			$currentDate->setTimezone($timezone);
  			$userOffset = $timezone->getOffset($currentDate) / 60 / 60;
  		}
  
  		$timezone = '+0000';
  		if ($userOffset != 0) {
  			$hours = (int)floor(abs($userOffset));
  			$minutes = (int)(fmod(abs($userOffset), $hours) * 60);
  			$timezone = ($userOffset < 0 ? '-' : '+') . str_pad($hours, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . str_pad($minutes, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
  		}
  		return date('D, d M Y H:i:s', $date) . ' ' . $timezone;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns either a relative or a formatted absolute date depending
   * on the difference between the current time and given datetime.
   * $datetime should be in a *strtotime* - parsable format, like MySQL's datetime datatype.
   *
   * ### Options:
   *
   * - `format` => a fall back format if the relative time is longer than the duration specified by end
   * - `accuracy` => Specifies how accurate the date should be described (array)
   *    - year =>   The format if years > 0   (default "day")
   *    - month =>  The format if months > 0  (default "day")
   *    - week =>   The format if weeks > 0   (default "day")
   *    - day =>    The format if weeks > 0   (default "hour")
   *    - hour =>   The format if hours > 0   (default "minute")
   *    - minute => The format if minutes > 0 (default "minute")
   *    - second => The format if seconds > 0 (default "second")
   * - `end` => The end of relative time telling
   * - `relativeString` => The printf compatible string when outputting past relative time
   * - `relativeStringFuture` => The printf compatible string when outputting future relative time
   * - `absoluteString` => The printf compatible string when outputting absolute time
   * - `userOffset` => Users offset from GMT (in hours) *Deprecated* use timezone instead.
   * - `timezone` => The user timezone the timestamp should be formatted in.
   *
   * Relative dates look something like this:
   *
   * - 3 weeks, 4 days ago
   * - 15 seconds ago
   *
   * Default date formatting is d/m/yy e.g: on 18/2/09
   *
   * The returned string includes 'ago' or 'on' and assumes you'll properly add a word
   * like 'Posted ' before the function output.
   *
   * NOTE: If the difference is one week or more, the lowest level of accuracy is day
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateTime Datetime UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param array $options Default format if timestamp is used in $dateString
   * @return string Relative time string.
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::timeAgoInWords
   */
  	public static function timeAgoInWords($dateTime, $options = array()) {
  		$timezone = null;
  		$accuracies = static::$wordAccuracy;
  		$format = static::$wordFormat;
  		$relativeEnd = static::$wordEnd;
  		$relativeStringPast = __d('cake', '%s ago');
  		$relativeStringFuture = __d('cake', 'in %s');
  		$absoluteString = __d('cake', 'on %s');
  
  		if (is_string($options)) {
  			$format = $options;
  		} elseif (!empty($options)) {
  			if (isset($options['timezone'])) {
  				$timezone = $options['timezone'];
  			} elseif (isset($options['userOffset'])) {
  				$timezone = $options['userOffset'];
  			}
  
  			if (isset($options['accuracy'])) {
  				if (is_array($options['accuracy'])) {
  					$accuracies = array_merge($accuracies, $options['accuracy']);
  				} else {
  					foreach ($accuracies as $key => $level) {
  						$accuracies[$key] = $options['accuracy'];
  					}
  				}
  			}
  
  			if (isset($options['format'])) {
  				$format = $options['format'];
  			}
  			if (isset($options['end'])) {
  				$relativeEnd = $options['end'];
  			}
  			if (isset($options['relativeString'])) {
  				$relativeStringPast = $options['relativeString'];
  				unset($options['relativeString']);
  			}
  			if (isset($options['relativeStringFuture'])) {
  				$relativeStringFuture = $options['relativeStringFuture'];
  				unset($options['relativeStringFuture']);
  			}
  			if (isset($options['absoluteString'])) {
  				$absoluteString = $options['absoluteString'];
  				unset($options['absoluteString']);
  			}
  			unset($options['end'], $options['format']);
  		}
  
  		$now = static::fromString(time(), $timezone);
  		$inSeconds = static::fromString($dateTime, $timezone);
  		$isFuture = ($inSeconds > $now);
  
  		if ($isFuture) {
  			$startTime = $now;
  			$endTime = $inSeconds;
  		} else {
  			$startTime = $inSeconds;
  			$endTime = $now;
  		}
  		$diff = $endTime - $startTime;
  
  		if ($diff === 0) {
  			return __d('cake', 'just now', 'just now');
  		}
  
  		$isAbsoluteDate = $diff > abs($now - static::fromString($relativeEnd));
  		if ($isAbsoluteDate) {
  			if (strpos($format, '%') === false) {
  				$date = date($format, $inSeconds);
  			} else {
  				$date = static::_strftime($format, $inSeconds);
  			}
  			return sprintf($absoluteString, $date);
  		}
  
  		$years = $months = $weeks = $days = $hours = $minutes = $seconds = 0;
  
  		// If more than a week, then take into account the length of months
  		if ($diff >= 604800) {
  			list($future['H'], $future['i'], $future['s'], $future['d'], $future['m'], $future['Y']) = explode('/', date('H/i/s/d/m/Y', $endTime));
  			list($past['H'], $past['i'], $past['s'], $past['d'], $past['m'], $past['Y']) = explode('/', date('H/i/s/d/m/Y', $startTime));
  
  			$years = $future['Y'] - $past['Y'];
  			$months = $future['m'] + ((12 * $years) - $past['m']);
  
  			if ($months >= 12) {
  				$years = floor($months / 12);
  				$months = $months - ($years * 12);
  			}
  			if ($future['m'] < $past['m'] && $future['Y'] - $past['Y'] === 1) {
  				$years--;
  			}
  
  			if ($future['d'] >= $past['d']) {
  				$days = $future['d'] - $past['d'];
  			} else {
  				$daysInPastMonth = date('t', $startTime);
  				$daysInFutureMonth = date('t', mktime(0, 0, 0, $future['m'] - 1, 1, $future['Y']));
  
  				if ($isFuture) {
  					$days = ($daysInFutureMonth - $past['d']) + $future['d'];
  				} else {
  					$days = ($daysInPastMonth - $past['d']) + $future['d'];
  				}
  
  				if ($future['m'] != $past['m']) {
  					$months--;
  				}
  			}
  
  			if (!$months && $years >= 1 && $diff < ($years * 31536000)) {
  				$months = 11;
  				$years--;
  			}
  
  			if ($months >= 12) {
  				$years = $years + 1;
  				$months = $months - 12;
  			}
  
  			if ($days >= 7) {
  				$weeks = floor($days / 7);
  				$days = $days - ($weeks * 7);
  			}
  		} else {
  			$days = floor($diff / 86400);
  			$diff = $diff - ($days * 86400);
  
  			$hours = floor($diff / 3600);
  			$diff = $diff - ($hours * 3600);
  
  			$minutes = floor($diff / 60);
  			$diff = $diff - ($minutes * 60);
  
  			$seconds = $diff;
  		}
  
  		$accuracy = $accuracies['second'];
  		if ($years > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['year'];
  		} elseif (abs($months) > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['month'];
  		} elseif (abs($weeks) > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['week'];
  		} elseif (abs($days) > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['day'];
  		} elseif (abs($hours) > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['hour'];
  		} elseif (abs($minutes) > 0) {
  			$accuracy = $accuracies['minute'];
  		}
  
  		$accuracyNum = str_replace(array('year', 'month', 'week', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second'), array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), $accuracy);
  
  		$relativeDate = array();
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 1 && $years > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d year', '%d years', $years, $years);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 2 && $months > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d month', '%d months', $months, $months);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 3 && $weeks > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d week', '%d weeks', $weeks, $weeks);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 4 && $days > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d day', '%d days', $days, $days);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 5 && $hours > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d hour', '%d hours', $hours, $hours);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 6 && $minutes > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d minute', '%d minutes', $minutes, $minutes);
  		}
  		if ($accuracyNum >= 7 && $seconds > 0) {
  			$relativeDate[] = __dn('cake', '%d second', '%d seconds', $seconds, $seconds);
  		}
  		$relativeDate = implode(', ', $relativeDate);
  
  		if ($relativeDate) {
  			$relativeString = ($isFuture) ? $relativeStringFuture : $relativeStringPast;
  			return sprintf($relativeString, $relativeDate);
  		}
  
  		if ($isFuture) {
  			$strings = array(
  				'second' => __d('cake', 'in about a second'),
  				'minute' => __d('cake', 'in about a minute'),
  				'hour' => __d('cake', 'in about an hour'),
  				'day' => __d('cake', 'in about a day'),
  				'week' => __d('cake', 'in about a week'),
  				'year' => __d('cake', 'in about a year')
  			);
  		} else {
  			$strings = array(
  				'second' => __d('cake', 'about a second ago'),
  				'minute' => __d('cake', 'about a minute ago'),
  				'hour' => __d('cake', 'about an hour ago'),
  				'day' => __d('cake', 'about a day ago'),
  				'week' => __d('cake', 'about a week ago'),
  				'year' => __d('cake', 'about a year ago')
  			);
  		}
  
  		return $strings[$accuracy];
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if specified datetime was within the interval specified, else false.
   *
   * @param string|int $timeInterval the numeric value with space then time type.
   *    Example of valid types: 6 hours, 2 days, 1 minute.
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::wasWithinLast
   */
  	public static function wasWithinLast($timeInterval, $dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$tmp = str_replace(' ', '', $timeInterval);
  		if (is_numeric($tmp)) {
  			$timeInterval = $tmp . ' ' . __d('cake', 'days');
  		}
  
  		$date = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$interval = static::fromString('-' . $timeInterval);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  
  		return $date >= $interval && $date <= $now;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns true if specified datetime is within the interval specified, else false.
   *
   * @param string|int $timeInterval the numeric value with space then time type.
   *    Example of valid types: 6 hours, 2 days, 1 minute.
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return bool
   */
  	public static function isWithinNext($timeInterval, $dateString, $timezone = null) {
  		$tmp = str_replace(' ', '', $timeInterval);
  		if (is_numeric($tmp)) {
  			$timeInterval = $tmp . ' ' . __d('cake', 'days');
  		}
  
  		$date = static::fromString($dateString, $timezone);
  		$interval = static::fromString('+' . $timeInterval);
  		$now = static::fromString('now', $timezone);
  
  		return $date <= $interval && $date >= $now;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns gmt as a UNIX timestamp.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $dateString UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @return int UNIX timestamp
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::gmt
   */
  	public static function gmt($dateString = null) {
  		$time = time();
  		if ($dateString) {
  			$time = static::fromString($dateString);
  		}
  		return gmmktime(
  			(int)date('G', $time),
  			(int)date('i', $time),
  			(int)date('s', $time),
  			(int)date('n', $time),
  			(int)date('j', $time),
  			(int)date('Y', $time)
  		);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a formatted date string, given either a UNIX timestamp or a valid strtotime() date string.
   * This function also accepts a time string and a format string as first and second parameters.
   * In that case this function behaves as a wrapper for TimeHelper::i18nFormat()
   *
   * ## Examples
   *
   * Create localized & formatted time:
   *
   * ```
   *   CakeTime::format('2012-02-15', '%m-%d-%Y'); // returns 02-15-2012
   *   CakeTime::format('2012-02-15 23:01:01', '%c'); // returns preferred date and time based on configured locale
   *   CakeTime::format('0000-00-00', '%d-%m-%Y', 'N/A'); // return N/A becuase an invalid date was passed
   *   CakeTime::format('2012-02-15 23:01:01', '%c', 'N/A', 'America/New_York'); // converts passed date to timezone
   * ```
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $date UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object (or a date format string)
   * @param int|string|DateTime $format date format string (or UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object)
   * @param bool|string $default if an invalid date is passed it will output supplied default value. Pass false if you want raw conversion value
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Formatted date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::format
   * @see CakeTime::i18nFormat()
   */
  	public static function format($date, $format = null, $default = false, $timezone = null) {
  		//Backwards compatible params re-order test
  		$time = static::fromString($format, $timezone);
  
  		if ($time === false) {
  			return static::i18nFormat($date, $format, $default, $timezone);
  		}
  		return date($date, $time);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Returns a formatted date string, given either a UNIX timestamp or a valid strtotime() date string.
   * It takes into account the default date format for the current language if a LC_TIME file is used.
   *
   * @param int|string|DateTime $date UNIX timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object
   * @param string $format strftime format string.
   * @param bool|string $default if an invalid date is passed it will output supplied default value. Pass false if you want raw conversion value
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object
   * @return string Formatted and translated date string
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::i18nFormat
   */
  	public static function i18nFormat($date, $format = null, $default = false, $timezone = null) {
  		$timestamp = static::fromString($date, $timezone);
  		if ($timestamp === false && $default !== false) {
  			return $default;
  		}
  		if ($timestamp === false) {
  			return '';
  		}
  		if (empty($format)) {
  			$format = '%x';
  		}
  		$convertedFormat = static::convertSpecifiers($format, $timestamp);
  		return static::_strftimeWithTimezone($convertedFormat, $timestamp, $date, $timezone);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Get list of timezone identifiers
   *
   * @param int|string $filter A regex to filter identifier
   * 	Or one of DateTimeZone class constants (PHP 5.3 and above)
   * @param string $country A two-letter ISO 3166-1 compatible country code.
   * 	This option is only used when $filter is set to DateTimeZone::PER_COUNTRY (available only in PHP 5.3 and above)
   * @param bool|array $options If true (default value) groups the identifiers list by primary region.
   * 	Otherwise, an array containing `group`, `abbr`, `before`, and `after` keys.
   * 	Setting `group` and `abbr` to true will group results and append timezone
   * 	abbreviation in the display value. Set `before` and `after` to customize
   * 	the abbreviation wrapper.
   * @return array List of timezone identifiers
   * @since 2.2
   * @link https://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/time.html#TimeHelper::listTimezones
   */
  	public static function listTimezones($filter = null, $country = null, $options = array()) {
  		if (is_bool($options)) {
  			$options = array(
  				'group' => $options,
  			);
  		}
  		$defaults = array(
  			'group' => true,
  			'abbr' => false,
  			'before' => ' - ',
  			'after' => null,
  		);
  		$options += $defaults;
  		$group = $options['group'];
  
  		$regex = null;
  		if (is_string($filter)) {
  			$regex = $filter;
  			$filter = null;
  		}
  		if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.3.0', '<')) {
  			if ($regex === null) {
  				$regex = '#^((Africa|America|Antartica|Arctic|Asia|Atlantic|Australia|Europe|Indian|Pacific)/|UTC)#';
  			}
  			$identifiers = DateTimeZone::listIdentifiers();
  		} else {
  			if ($filter === null) {
  				$filter = DateTimeZone::ALL;
  			}
  			$identifiers = DateTimeZone::listIdentifiers($filter, $country);
  		}
  
  		if ($regex) {
  			foreach ($identifiers as $key => $tz) {
  				if (!preg_match($regex, $tz)) {
  					unset($identifiers[$key]);
  				}
  			}
  		}
  
  		if ($group) {
  			$return = array();
  			$now = time();
  			$before = $options['before'];
  			$after = $options['after'];
  			foreach ($identifiers as $key => $tz) {
  				$abbr = null;
  				if ($options['abbr']) {
  					$dateTimeZone = new DateTimeZone($tz);
  					$trans = $dateTimeZone->getTransitions($now, $now);
  					$abbr = isset($trans[0]['abbr']) ?
  						$before . $trans[0]['abbr'] . $after :
  						null;
  				}
  				$item = explode('/', $tz, 2);
  				if (isset($item[1])) {
  					$return[$item[0]][$tz] = $item[1] . $abbr;
  				} else {
  					$return[$item[0]] = array($tz => $item[0] . $abbr);
  				}
  			}
  			return $return;
  		}
  		return array_combine($identifiers, $identifiers);
  	}
  
  /**
   * Multibyte wrapper for strftime.
   *
   * Handles utf8_encoding the result of strftime when necessary.
   *
   * @param string $format Format string.
   * @param int $timestamp Timestamp to format.
   * @return string formatted string with correct encoding.
   */
  	protected static function _strftime($format, $timestamp) {
  		$format = strftime($format, $timestamp);
  		$encoding = Configure::read('App.encoding');
  		if (!empty($encoding) && $encoding === 'UTF-8') {
  			if (function_exists('mb_check_encoding')) {
  				$valid = mb_check_encoding($format, $encoding);
  			} else {
  				$valid = Multibyte::checkMultibyte($format);
  			}
  			if (!$valid) {
  				$format = utf8_encode($format);
  			}
  		}
  		return $format;
  	}
  
  /**
   * Multibyte wrapper for strftime.
   *
   * Adjusts the timezone when necessary before formatting the time.
   *
   * @param string $format Format string.
   * @param int $timestamp Timestamp to format.
   * @param int|string|DateTime $date Timestamp, strtotime() valid string or DateTime object.
   * @param string|DateTimeZone $timezone Timezone string or DateTimeZone object.
   * @return string Formatted date string with correct encoding.
   */
  	protected static function _strftimeWithTimezone($format, $timestamp, $date, $timezone) {
  		$serverTimeZone = date_default_timezone_get();
  		if (
  			!empty($timezone) &&
  			$date instanceof DateTime &&
  			$date->getTimezone()->getName() != $serverTimeZone
  		) {
  			date_default_timezone_set($timezone);
  		}
  		$result = static::_strftime($format, $timestamp);
  		date_default_timezone_set($serverTimeZone);
  		return $result;
  	}
  
  }
  