text: <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source to the Rust file `/Users/rseymour/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/rand-0.4.2/src/prng/isaac.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>isaac.rs.html -- source</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../dark.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script src="../../../storage.js"></script><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 8]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu">&#9776;</div><a href='../../../rand/index.html'><img src='https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png' alt='logo' width='100'></a></nav><div class="theme-picker"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!"><img src="../../../brush.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!"></button><div id="theme-choices"></div></div><script src="../../../theme.js"></script><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form js-only"><div class="search-container"><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><a id="settings-menu" href="../../../settings.html"><img src="../../../wheel.svg" width="18" alt="Change settings"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main" class="content"><pre class="line-numbers"><span id="1">  1</span>
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  </pre><pre class="rust ">
  <span class="comment">// Copyright 2013 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT</span>
  <span class="comment">// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at</span>
  <span class="comment">// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.</span>
  <span class="comment">//</span>
  <span class="comment">// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 &lt;LICENSE-APACHE or</span>
  <span class="comment">// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0&gt; or the MIT license</span>
  <span class="comment">// &lt;LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT&gt;, at your</span>
  <span class="comment">// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed</span>
  <span class="comment">// except according to those terms.</span>
  
  <span class="doccomment">//! The ISAAC random number generator.</span>
  
  <span class="attribute">#![<span class="ident">allow</span>(<span class="ident">non_camel_case_types</span>)]</span>
  
  <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core</span>::<span class="ident">slice</span>;
  <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core</span>::<span class="ident">iter</span>::<span class="ident">repeat</span>;
  <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core</span>::<span class="ident">num</span>::<span class="ident">Wrapping</span> <span class="kw">as</span> <span class="ident">w</span>;
  <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">core</span>::<span class="ident">fmt</span>;
  
  <span class="kw">use</span> {<span class="ident">Rng</span>, <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>, <span class="ident">Rand</span>};
  
  <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">allow</span>(<span class="ident">bad_style</span>)]</span>
  <span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">w32</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span><span class="op">&gt;</span>;
  
  <span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_LEN</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">8</span>;
  <span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE</span>: <span class="ident">u32</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">1</span> <span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_LEN</span>;
  <span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">1</span> <span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_LEN</span>;
  
  <span class="doccomment">/// A random number generator that uses the ISAAC algorithm[1].</span>
  <span class="doccomment">///</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// The ISAAC algorithm is generally accepted as suitable for</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// cryptographic purposes, but this implementation has not be</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// verified as such. Prefer a generator like `OsRng` that defers to</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// the operating system for cases that need high security.</span>
  <span class="doccomment">///</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// [1]: Bob Jenkins, [*ISAAC: A fast cryptographic random number</span>
  <span class="doccomment">/// generator*](http://www.burtleburtle.net/bob/rand/isaacafa.html)</span>
  <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">derive</span>(<span class="ident">Copy</span>)]</span>
  <span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="ident">cnt</span>: <span class="ident">u32</span>,
      <span class="ident">rsl</span>: [<span class="ident">w32</span>; <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span>],
      <span class="ident">mem</span>: [<span class="ident">w32</span>; <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span>],
      <span class="ident">a</span>: <span class="ident">w32</span>,
      <span class="ident">b</span>: <span class="ident">w32</span>,
      <span class="ident">c</span>: <span class="ident">w32</span>,
  }
  
  <span class="kw">static</span> <span class="ident">EMPTY</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="ident">cnt</span>: <span class="number">0</span>,
      <span class="ident">rsl</span>: [<span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>); <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span>],
      <span class="ident">mem</span>: [<span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>); <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span>],
      <span class="ident">a</span>: <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>), <span class="ident">b</span>: <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>), <span class="ident">c</span>: <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>),
  };
  
  <span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
  
      <span class="doccomment">/// Create an ISAAC random number generator using the default</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// fixed seed.</span>
      <span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">new_unseeded</span>() <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">rng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EMPTY</span>;
          <span class="ident">rng</span>.<span class="ident">init</span>(<span class="bool-val">false</span>);
          <span class="ident">rng</span>
      }
  
      <span class="doccomment">/// Initialises `self`. If `use_rsl` is true, then use the current value</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// of `rsl` as a seed, otherwise construct one algorithmically (not</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// randomly).</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">init</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">use_rsl</span>: <span class="ident">bool</span>) {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0x9e3779b9</span>);
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">c</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">d</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">e</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">g</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">h</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
  
          <span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">mix</span> {
              () <span class="op">=&gt;</span> {{
                  <span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="number">11</span>); <span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">a</span>; <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">c</span>;
                  <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="number">2</span>);  <span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">b</span>; <span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">d</span>;
                  <span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="number">8</span>);  <span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">c</span>; <span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">e</span>;
                  <span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="number">16</span>); <span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">d</span>; <span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">f</span>;
                  <span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="number">10</span>); <span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">e</span>; <span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">g</span>;
                  <span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="number">4</span>);  <span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">f</span>; <span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">h</span>;
                  <span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="number">8</span>);  <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">g</span>; <span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">a</span>;
                  <span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">^</span>(<span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="number">9</span>);  <span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">h</span>; <span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="ident">b</span>;
              }}
          }
  
          <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw">_</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">4</span> {
              <span class="macro">mix</span><span class="macro">!</span>();
          }
  
          <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">use_rsl</span> {
              <span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">memloop</span> {
                  (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>) <span class="op">=&gt;</span> {{
                      <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="kw">in</span> (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span><span class="op">/</span><span class="number">8</span>).<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="number">8</span>) {
                          <span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span>  ]; <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">1</span>];
                          <span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">2</span>]; <span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">3</span>];
                          <span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">4</span>]; <span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">5</span>];
                          <span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">6</span>]; <span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">arr</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">7</span>];
                          <span class="macro">mix</span><span class="macro">!</span>();
                          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span>  ]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">1</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span>;
                          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">2</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">3</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span>;
                          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">4</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">5</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span>;
                          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">6</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">7</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span>;
                      }
                  }}
              }
  
              <span class="macro">memloop</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>);
              <span class="macro">memloop</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>);
          } <span class="kw">else</span> {
              <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="kw">in</span> (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span><span class="op">/</span><span class="number">8</span>).<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="number">8</span>) {
                  <span class="macro">mix</span><span class="macro">!</span>();
                  <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span>  ]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">a</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">1</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">b</span>;
                  <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">2</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">c</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">3</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">d</span>;
                  <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">4</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">e</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">5</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">f</span>;
                  <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">6</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">g</span>; <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">+</span><span class="number">7</span>]<span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">h</span>;
              }
          }
  
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">isaac</span>();
      }
  
      <span class="doccomment">/// Refills the output buffer (`self.rsl`)</span>
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">isaac</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) {
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">c</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">c</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">1</span>);
          <span class="comment">// abbreviations</span>
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">c</span>;
  
          <span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">MIDPOINT</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="number">2</span>;
  
          <span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">ind</span> {
              (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">x</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>) <span class="op">=&gt;</span> ( <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">x</span> <span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="number">2usize</span>).<span class="number">0</span> <span class="kw">as</span> <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> (<span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span> <span class="op">-</span> <span class="number">1</span>)] )
          }
  
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">r</span> <span class="op">=</span> [(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="ident">MIDPOINT</span>), (<span class="ident">MIDPOINT</span>, <span class="number">0</span>)];
          <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>(<span class="ident">mr_offset</span>, <span class="ident">m2_offset</span>) <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="ident">r</span>.<span class="ident">iter</span>() {
  
              <span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">rngstepp</span> {
                  (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">j</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">shift</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>) <span class="op">=&gt;</span> {{
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">j</span>;
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">mix</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">shift</span>;
  
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span>  <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>];
                      <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> (<span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">^</span> <span class="ident">mix</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">m2_offset</span>];
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">y</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro">ind</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">b</span>;
                      <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">y</span>;
  
                      <span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro">ind</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">y</span> <span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_LEN</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">x</span>;
                      <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">b</span>;
                  }}
              }
  
              <span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">rngstepn</span> {
                  (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">j</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">shift</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>) <span class="op">=&gt;</span> {{
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">j</span>;
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">mix</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">shift</span>;
  
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span>  <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>];
                      <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> (<span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">^</span> <span class="ident">mix</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">m2_offset</span>];
                      <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">y</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro">ind</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">b</span>;
                      <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">mem</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">y</span>;
  
                      <span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="macro">ind</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">y</span> <span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_LEN</span>) <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">x</span>;
                      <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>[<span class="ident">base</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">mr_offset</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">b</span>;
                  }}
              }
  
              <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="kw">in</span> (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="ident">MIDPOINT</span><span class="op">/</span><span class="number">4</span>).<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="number">4</span>) {
                  <span class="macro">rngstepp</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">13</span>);
                  <span class="macro">rngstepn</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">6</span>);
                  <span class="macro">rngstepp</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">2</span>);
                  <span class="macro">rngstepn</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">16</span>);
              }
          }
  
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">a</span>;
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">b</span>;
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE</span>;
      }
  }
  
  <span class="comment">// Cannot be derived because [u32; 256] does not implement Clone</span>
  <span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Clone</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">clone</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
          <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>
      }
  }
  
  <span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Rng</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next_u32</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">u32</span> {
          <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="number">0</span> {
              <span class="comment">// make some more numbers</span>
              <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">isaac</span>();
          }
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">-=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
  
          <span class="comment">// self.cnt is at most RAND_SIZE, but that is before the</span>
          <span class="comment">// subtraction above. We want to index without bounds</span>
          <span class="comment">// checking, but this could lead to incorrect code if someone</span>
          <span class="comment">// misrefactors, so we check, sometimes.</span>
          <span class="comment">//</span>
          <span class="comment">// (Changes here should be reflected in Isaac64Rng.next_u64.)</span>
          <span class="macro">debug_assert</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">&lt;</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE</span>);
  
          <span class="comment">// (the % is cheaply telling the optimiser that we&#39;re always</span>
          <span class="comment">// in bounds, without unsafe. NB. this is a power of two, so</span>
          <span class="comment">// it optimises to a bitwise mask).</span>
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>[(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">%</span> <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE</span>) <span class="kw">as</span> <span class="ident">usize</span>].<span class="number">0</span>
      }
  }
  
  <span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span><span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span> [<span class="ident">u32</span>]<span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">reseed</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span> [<span class="ident">u32</span>]) {
          <span class="comment">// make the seed into [seed[0], seed[1], ..., seed[seed.len()</span>
          <span class="comment">// - 1], 0, 0, ...], to fill rng.rsl.</span>
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">seed_iter</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">seed</span>.<span class="ident">iter</span>().<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="ident">x</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>).<span class="ident">chain</span>(<span class="ident">repeat</span>(<span class="number">0u32</span>));
  
          <span class="kw">for</span> (<span class="ident">rsl_elem</span>, <span class="ident">seed_elem</span>) <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>.<span class="ident">iter_mut</span>().<span class="ident">zip</span>(<span class="ident">seed_iter</span>) {
              <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">rsl_elem</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="ident">seed_elem</span>);
          }
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">0</span>;
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">c</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
  
          <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">init</span>(<span class="bool-val">true</span>);
      }
  
      <span class="doccomment">/// Create an ISAAC random number generator with a seed. This can</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// be any length, although the maximum number of elements used is</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// 256 and any more will be silently ignored. A generator</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// constructed with a given seed will generate the same sequence</span>
      <span class="doccomment">/// of values as all other generators constructed with that seed.</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span> [<span class="ident">u32</span>]) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">rng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EMPTY</span>;
          <span class="ident">rng</span>.<span class="ident">reseed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>);
          <span class="ident">rng</span>
      }
  }
  
  <span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Rand</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">rand</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">R</span>: <span class="ident">Rng</span><span class="op">&gt;</span>(<span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">R</span>) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ret</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EMPTY</span>;
          <span class="kw">unsafe</span> {
              <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">ptr</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">rsl</span>.<span class="ident">as_mut_ptr</span>() <span class="kw">as</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">u8</span>;
  
              <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">slice</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">slice</span>::<span class="ident">from_raw_parts_mut</span>(<span class="ident">ptr</span>, <span class="ident">RAND_SIZE_USIZE</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="number">4</span>);
              <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">fill_bytes</span>(<span class="ident">slice</span>);
          }
          <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">0</span>;
          <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
          <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">b</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
          <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">c</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">w</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);
  
          <span class="ident">ret</span>.<span class="ident">init</span>(<span class="bool-val">true</span>);
          <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">ret</span>;
      }
  }
  
  <span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">fmt</span>::<span class="ident">Debug</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> {
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">fmt</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">fmt</span>::<span class="ident">Formatter</span>) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">fmt</span>::<span class="prelude-ty">Result</span> {
          <span class="macro">write</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">f</span>, <span class="string">&quot;IsaacRng {{}}&quot;</span>)
      }
  }
  
  <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">cfg</span>(<span class="ident">test</span>)]</span>
  <span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">test</span> {
      <span class="kw">use</span> {<span class="ident">Rng</span>, <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>};
      <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="kw">super</span>::<span class="ident">IsaacRng</span>;
  
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">test</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">test_rng_32_rand_seeded</span>() {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">s</span> <span class="op">=</span> ::<span class="ident">test</span>::<span class="ident">rng</span>().<span class="ident">gen_iter</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span><span class="op">&gt;</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">256</span>).<span class="ident">collect</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">Vec</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span>();
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ra</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="ident">s</span>[..]);
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">rb</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="ident">s</span>[..]);
          <span class="macro">assert</span><span class="macro">!</span>(::<span class="ident">test</span>::<span class="ident">iter_eq</span>(<span class="ident">ra</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>),
                                  <span class="ident">rb</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>)));
      }
  
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">test</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">test_rng_32_seeded</span>() {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="kw">_</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">23</span>, <span class="number">456</span>, <span class="number">7890</span>, <span class="number">12345</span>];
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ra</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>);
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">rb</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>);
          <span class="macro">assert</span><span class="macro">!</span>(::<span class="ident">test</span>::<span class="ident">iter_eq</span>(<span class="ident">ra</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>),
                                  <span class="ident">rb</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>)));
      }
  
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">test</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">test_rng_32_reseed</span>() {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">s</span> <span class="op">=</span> ::<span class="ident">test</span>::<span class="ident">rng</span>().<span class="ident">gen_iter</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span><span class="op">&gt;</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">256</span>).<span class="ident">collect</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">Vec</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span>();
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">r</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="ident">s</span>[..]);
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">string1</span>: <span class="ident">String</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">r</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>).<span class="ident">collect</span>();
  
          <span class="ident">r</span>.<span class="ident">reseed</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="ident">s</span>[..]);
  
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">string2</span>: <span class="ident">String</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">r</span>.<span class="ident">gen_ascii_chars</span>().<span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="number">100</span>).<span class="ident">collect</span>();
          <span class="macro">assert_eq</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">string1</span>, <span class="ident">string2</span>);
      }
  
      <span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">test</span>]</span>
      <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">test_rng_32_true_values</span>() {
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="kw">_</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">23</span>, <span class="number">456</span>, <span class="number">7890</span>, <span class="number">12345</span>];
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ra</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>);
          <span class="comment">// Regression test that isaac is actually using the above vector</span>
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">v</span> <span class="op">=</span> (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">10</span>).<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="kw">_</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">ra</span>.<span class="ident">next_u32</span>()).<span class="ident">collect</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">Vec</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="kw">_</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span>();
          <span class="macro">assert_eq</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>,
                     <span class="macro">vec</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="number">2558573138</span>, <span class="number">873787463</span>, <span class="number">263499565</span>, <span class="number">2103644246</span>, <span class="number">3595684709</span>,
                          <span class="number">4203127393</span>, <span class="number">264982119</span>, <span class="number">2765226902</span>, <span class="number">2737944514</span>, <span class="number">3900253796</span>));
  
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="kw">_</span>] <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[<span class="number">12345</span>, <span class="number">67890</span>, <span class="number">54321</span>, <span class="number">9876</span>];
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">rb</span>: <span class="ident">IsaacRng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>::<span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>);
          <span class="comment">// skip forward to the 10000th number</span>
          <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw">_</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">10000</span> { <span class="ident">rb</span>.<span class="ident">next_u32</span>(); }
  
          <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">v</span> <span class="op">=</span> (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">10</span>).<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="kw">_</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">rb</span>.<span class="ident">next_u32</span>()).<span class="ident">collect</span>::<span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">Vec</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="kw">_</span><span class="op">&gt;&gt;</span>();
          <span class="macro">assert_eq</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>,
                     <span class="macro">vec</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="number">3676831399</span>, <span class="number">3183332890</span>, <span class="number">2834741178</span>, <span class="number">3854698763</span>, <span class="number">2717568474</span>,
                          <span class="number">1576568959</span>, <span class="number">3507990155</span>, <span class="number">179069555</span>, <span class="number">141456972</span>, <span class="number">2478885421</span>));
      }
  }
  </pre>
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