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  /*!@file
  *  This is a test to validate right behaviour of
  *   calling CODECACHE_InvalidateRange from an analysis routine."
  *   test flow:
  *           instrument and run foo
  *           cache out foo from code cache
  *           instrument and run foo
  *           (Fini) check that foo was instrumented twice
  */
  
  #include<iostream>
  #include<fstream>
  #include<cassert>
  #include"pin.H"
  
  #ifdef TARGET_MAC
  #define FOO "_foo"
  #define BAZ "_baz"
  #else
  #define FOO "foo"
  #define BAZ "baz"
  #endif
  
  /*================================================================== */
  //Global variables
  /*================================================================== */
  
  UINT64 fooInstrumentCount = 0;        //number of times the first instruction of foo is instrumented
  ADDRINT fooAddress = 0;
  
  std::ostream* out = &cerr;
  
  /*===================================================================== */
  //Command line switches
  /*===================================================================== */
  KNOB<string> KnobOutputFile(KNOB_MODE_WRITEONCE,  "pintool",
     "o", "", "specify file name for invalidate_cache_analysis output");
  
  /*===================================================================== */
  //Utilities
  /*===================================================================== */
  
  /*!
  *  Print out help message.
  */
  INT32 invalidateCacheAnalysisUsage()
  {
     cerr << "This tool counts the number of times " << FOO << "'s first line instrumentation is called." << endl;
     cerr << "It assumes the application uses CODECACHE_InvalidateRange (instrumentes on " << BAZ << ")";
     cerr << " to unload the instrumented code so that foo intrumentation will be called twice." << endl << endl;
     cerr << KNOB_BASE::StringKnobSummary() << endl;
  
     return -1;
  }
  
  /*===================================================================== */
  //Analysis routines
  /*===================================================================== */
  
  /*!
  *Make "foo" function to be cashed out from the code cash
  */
  VOID bazAnalysis() {
     CODECACHE_InvalidateRange(fooAddress, fooAddress+1);
  }
  
  /*===================================================================== */
  //Instrumentation callbacks
  /*===================================================================== */
  
  /*!Insert call to "baz" function so it will cache out "foo" function from code cash
  * @param[in]   rtn    baz routine as found by "Image" function to be instrumented
  */
  VOID bazInstrumantation(RTN rtn) {
     RTN_Open(rtn);
     RTN_InsertCall(rtn, IPOINT_BEFORE, (AFUNPTR)bazAnalysis, IARG_END);
     RTN_Close(rtn);
  }
  
  /*!Add instrumentation to the first instruction of foo, so that instumatation will be re-called
  *   after every time we cache out the intrumented function
  *
  *   @param[in]   ins    An instruction - we expect to see the first instruction of "foo" twice
  */
  VOID Instruction(INS ins, VOID* v) {
     ADDRINT insAddress = INS_Address(ins);
     if (insAddress == fooAddress) {
         fooInstrumentCount++;
     }
  }
  
  
  VOID Image(IMG img, VOID* v){
     //  Find the foo() function.
     RTN rtn = RTN_FindByName(img, FOO);
  
     if (RTN_Valid(rtn))
     {
         fooAddress = RTN_Address(rtn);
     }
  
     //  Find the baz() function.
     rtn = RTN_FindByName(img, BAZ);
     if (RTN_Valid(rtn))
     {
         bazInstrumantation(rtn);
     }
  }
  
  
  
  /*!
  * Print out analysis results.
  * This function is called when the application exits.
  * @param[in]   code            exit code of the application
  * @param[in]   v               value specified by the tool in the
  *                              PIN_AddFiniFunction function call
  */
  VOID Fini(INT32 code, VOID *v)
  {
     *out << "fooInstrumentCount : " << fooInstrumentCount << " (expecting 2)"<< endl;
     assert(fooInstrumentCount == 2);
  
  }
  
  /*!
  * The main procedure of the tool.
  * This function is called when the application image is loaded but not yet started.
  * @param[in]   argc            total number of elements in the argv array
  * @param[in]   argv            array of command line arguments,
  *                              including pin -t <toolname> -- ...
  */
  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
  {
     // Initialize PIN library. Print help message if -h(elp) is specified
     // in the command line or the command line is invalid
     if( PIN_Init(argc,argv) )
     {
         return invalidateCacheAnalysisUsage();
     }
     PIN_InitSymbols();
  
     string fileName = KnobOutputFile.Value();
  
     if (!fileName.empty()) { out = new std::ofstream(fileName.c_str());}
  
     // Register function to be called to instrument traces
     IMG_AddInstrumentFunction(Image, 0);
  
     INS_AddInstrumentFunction(Instruction, 0);
  
     // Register function to be called when the application exits
     PIN_AddFiniFunction(Fini, 0);
  
     if (!KnobOutputFile.Value().empty())
     {
         cout <<  "===============================================" << endl;
         cout << "See file " << KnobOutputFile.Value() << " for analysis results" << endl;
         cout <<  "===============================================" << endl;
     }
  
     // Start the program, never returns
     PIN_StartProgram();
  
     return 0;
  }
  
  /*===================================================================== */
  /*eof */
  /*===================================================================== */
  