text: /*
   *  Driver for generic ESS AudioDrive ES18xx soundcards
   *  Copyright (c) by Christian Fischbach <fishbach@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
   *  Copyright (c) by Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>
   *
   *
   *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   *   (at your option) any later version.
   *
   *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   *   GNU General Public License for more details.
   *
   *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
   *
   */
  /* GENERAL NOTES:
   *
   * BUGS:
   * - There are pops (we can't delay in trigger function, cause midlevel 
   *   often need to trigger down and then up very quickly).
   *   Any ideas?
   * - Support for 16 bit DMA seems to be broken. I've no hardware to tune it.
   */
  
  /*
   * ES1868  NOTES:
   * - The chip has one half duplex pcm (with very limited full duplex support).
   *
   * - Duplex stereophonic sound is impossible.
   * - Record and playback must share the same frequency rate.
   *
   * - The driver use dma2 for playback and dma1 for capture.
   */
  
  /*
   * ES1869 NOTES:
   *
   * - there are a first full duplex pcm and a second playback only pcm
   *   (incompatible with first pcm capture)
   * 
   * - there is support for the capture volume and ESS Spatializer 3D effect.
   *
   * - contrarily to some pages in DS_1869.PDF the rates can be set
   *   independently.
   *
   * - Zoom Video is implemented by sharing the FM DAC, thus the user can
   *   have either FM playback or Video playback but not both simultaneously.
   *   The Video Playback Switch mixer control toggles this choice.
   *
   * BUGS:
   *
   * - There is a major trouble I noted:
   *
   *   using both channel for playback stereo 16 bit samples at 44100 Hz
   *   the second pcm (Audio1) DMA slows down irregularly and sound is garbled.
   *   
   *   The same happens using Audio1 for captureing.
   *
   *   The Windows driver does not suffer of this (although it use Audio1
   *   only for captureing). I'm unable to discover why.
   *
   */
  
  /*
   * ES1879 NOTES:
   * - When Zoom Video is enabled (reg 0x71 bit 6 toggled on) the PCM playback
   *   seems to be effected (speaker_test plays a lower frequency). Can't find
   *   anything in the datasheet to account for this, so a Video Playback Switch
   *   control has been included to allow ZV to be enabled only when necessary.
   *   Then again on at least one test system the 0x71 bit 6 enable bit is not 
   *   needed for ZV, so maybe the datasheet is entirely wrong here.
   */
   
  #include <linux/init.h>
  #include <linux/err.h>
  #include <linux/isa.h>
  #include <linux/pnp.h>
  #include <linux/isapnp.h>
  #include <linux/module.h>
  #include <linux/delay.h>
  
  #include <asm/io.h>
  #include <asm/dma.h>
  #include <sound/core.h>
  #include <sound/control.h>
  #include <sound/pcm.h>
  #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
  #include <sound/mpu401.h>
  #include <sound/opl3.h>
  #define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
  #define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
  #include <sound/initval.h>
  
  #define PFX "es18xx: "
  
  struct snd_es18xx {
  	unsigned long port;		/* port of ESS chip */
  	unsigned long ctrl_port;	/* Control port of ESS chip */
  	struct resource *res_port;
  	struct resource *res_mpu_port;
  	struct resource *res_ctrl_port;
  	int irq;			/* IRQ number of ESS chip */
  	int dma1;			/* DMA1 */
  	int dma2;			/* DMA2 */
  	unsigned short version;		/* version of ESS chip */
  	int caps;			/* Chip capabilities */
  	unsigned short audio2_vol;	/* volume level of audio2 */
  
  	unsigned short active;		/* active channel mask */
  	unsigned int dma1_shift;
  	unsigned int dma2_shift;
  
  	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
  	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_a_substream;
  	struct snd_pcm_substream *capture_a_substream;
  	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_b_substream;
  
  	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
  
  	struct snd_kcontrol *hw_volume;
  	struct snd_kcontrol *hw_switch;
  	struct snd_kcontrol *master_volume;
  	struct snd_kcontrol *master_switch;
  
  	spinlock_t reg_lock;
  	spinlock_t mixer_lock;
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  	unsigned char pm_reg;
  #endif
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  	struct pnp_dev *dev;
  	struct pnp_dev *devc;
  #endif
  };
  
  #define AUDIO1_IRQ	0x01
  #define AUDIO2_IRQ	0x02
  #define HWV_IRQ		0x04
  #define MPU_IRQ		0x08
  
  #define ES18XX_PCM2	0x0001	/* Has two useable PCM */
  #define ES18XX_SPATIALIZER 0x0002	/* Has 3D Spatializer */
  #define ES18XX_RECMIX	0x0004	/* Has record mixer */
  #define ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO 0x0008	/* Has mono duplex only */
  #define ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME 0x0010	/* Playback and record must share the same rate */
  #define ES18XX_NEW_RATE	0x0020	/* More precise rate setting */
  #define ES18XX_AUXB	0x0040	/* AuxB mixer control */
  #define ES18XX_HWV	0x0080	/* Has separate hardware volume mixer controls*/
  #define ES18XX_MONO	0x0100	/* Mono_in mixer control */
  #define ES18XX_I2S	0x0200	/* I2S mixer control */
  #define ES18XX_MUTEREC	0x0400	/* Record source can be muted */
  #define ES18XX_CONTROL	0x0800	/* Has control ports */
  
  /* Power Management */
  #define ES18XX_PM	0x07
  #define ES18XX_PM_GPO0	0x01
  #define ES18XX_PM_GPO1	0x02
  #define ES18XX_PM_PDR	0x04
  #define ES18XX_PM_ANA	0x08
  #define ES18XX_PM_FM	0x020
  #define ES18XX_PM_SUS	0x080
  
  /* Lowlevel */
  
  #define DAC1 0x01
  #define ADC1 0x02
  #define DAC2 0x04
  #define MILLISECOND 10000
  
  static int snd_es18xx_dsp_command(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char val)
  {
          int i;
  
          for(i = MILLISECOND; i; i--)
                  if ((inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x80) == 0) {
                          outb(val, chip->port + 0x0C);
                          return 0;
                  }
  	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "dsp_command: timeout (0x%x)\n", val);
          return -EINVAL;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
  {
          int i;
  
          for(i = MILLISECOND/10; i; i--)
                  if (inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x40)
                          return inb(chip->port + 0x0A);
  	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "dsp_get_byte failed: 0x%lx = 0x%x!!!\n",
  		   chip->port + 0x0A, inb(chip->port + 0x0A));
          return -ENODEV;
  }
  
  #undef REG_DEBUG
  
  static int snd_es18xx_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
  {
  	unsigned long flags;
  	int ret;
  	
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
  	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		goto end;
          ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, data);
   end:
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
  #endif
  	return ret;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
  {
  	unsigned long flags;
  	int ret, data;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
  	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC0);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		goto end;
          ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		goto end;
  	data = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
  	ret = data;
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x now is %02x (%d)\n", reg, data, ret);
  #endif
   end:
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  /* Return old value */
  static int snd_es18xx_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
  			   unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
  {
          int ret;
  	unsigned char old, new, oval;
  	unsigned long flags;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
          ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC0);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		goto end;
          ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		goto end;
  	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
  	if (ret < 0) {
  		goto end;
  	}
  	old = ret;
  	oval = old & mask;
  	if (val != oval) {
  		ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			goto end;
  		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
  		ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, new);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			goto end;
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x (%d)\n",
  			   reg, old, new, ret);
  #endif
  	}
  	ret = oval;
   end:
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  static inline void snd_es18xx_mixer_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
  {
  	unsigned long flags;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
          outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
          outb(data, chip->port + 0x05);
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
  #endif
  }
  
  static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
  {
  	unsigned long flags;
  	int data;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
          outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
  	data = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, data);
  #endif
          return data;
  }
  
  /* Return old value */
  static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
  					unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
  {
  	unsigned char old, new, oval;
  	unsigned long flags;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
          outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
  	old = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
  	oval = old & mask;
  	if (val != oval) {
  		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
  		outb(new, chip->port + 0x05);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  		snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n",
  			   reg, old, new);
  #endif
  	}
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
  	return oval;
  }
  
  static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
  					    unsigned char mask)
  {
  	int old, expected, new;
  	unsigned long flags;
          spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
          outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
  	old = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
  	expected = old ^ mask;
  	outb(expected, chip->port + 0x05);
  	new = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
          spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x, now is %02x\n",
  		   reg, old, expected, new);
  #endif
  	return expected == new;
  }
  
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_reset(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
  {
  	int i;
          outb(0x03, chip->port + 0x06);
          inb(chip->port + 0x06);
          outb(0x00, chip->port + 0x06);
          for(i = 0; i < MILLISECOND && !(inb(chip->port + 0x0E) & 0x80); i++);
          if (inb(chip->port + 0x0A) != 0xAA)
                  return -1;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
  {
          outb(0x02, chip->port + 0x06);
          inb(chip->port + 0x06);
          outb(0x00, chip->port + 0x06);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static struct snd_ratnum new_clocks[2] = {
  	{
  		.num = 793800,
  		.den_min = 1,
  		.den_max = 128,
  		.den_step = 1,
  	},
  	{
  		.num = 768000,
  		.den_min = 1,
  		.den_max = 128,
  		.den_step = 1,
  	}
  };
  
  static struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums new_hw_constraints_clocks = {
  	.nrats = 2,
  	.rats = new_clocks,
  };
  
  static struct snd_ratnum old_clocks[2] = {
  	{
  		.num = 795444,
  		.den_min = 1,
  		.den_max = 128,
  		.den_step = 1,
  	},
  	{
  		.num = 397722,
  		.den_min = 1,
  		.den_max = 128,
  		.den_step = 1,
  	}
  };
  
  static struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums old_hw_constraints_clocks  = {
  	.nrats = 2,
  	.rats = old_clocks,
  };
  
  
  static void snd_es18xx_rate_set(struct snd_es18xx *chip, 
  				struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  				int mode)
  {
  	unsigned int bits, div0;
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) {
  		if (runtime->rate_num == new_clocks[0].num)
  			bits = 128 - runtime->rate_den;
  		else
  			bits = 256 - runtime->rate_den;
  	} else {
  		if (runtime->rate_num == old_clocks[0].num)
  			bits = 256 - runtime->rate_den;
  		else
  			bits = 128 - runtime->rate_den;
  	}
  
  	/* set filter register */
  	div0 = 256 - 7160000*20/(8*82*runtime->rate);
  		
  	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2) && mode == DAC2) {
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x70, bits);
  		/*
  		 * Comment from kernel oss driver:
  		 * FKS: fascinating: 0x72 doesn't seem to work.
  		 */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA2, div0);
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x72, div0);
  	} else {
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA1, bits);
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA2, div0);
  	}
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  					 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	int shift, err;
  
  	shift = 0;
  	if (params_channels(hw_params) == 2)
  		shift++;
  	if (snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(hw_params)) == 16)
  		shift++;
  
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
  		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
  		    (chip->capture_a_substream) &&
  		    params_channels(hw_params) != 1) {
  			_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(hw_params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
  			return -EBUSY;
  		}
  		chip->dma2_shift = shift;
  	} else {
  		chip->dma1_shift = shift;
  	}
  	if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
  		return err;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
  	return snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback1_prepare(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
  	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
  	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
  
          snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, DAC2);
  
          /* Transfer Count Reload */
          count = 0x10000 - count;
          snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x74, count & 0xff);
          snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x76, count >> 8);
  
  	/* Set format */
          snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7A, 0x07,
  			      ((runtime->channels == 1) ? 0x00 : 0x02) |
  			      (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x01 : 0x00) |
  			      (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x04));
  
          /* Set DMA controller */
          snd_dma_program(chip->dma2, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback1_trigger(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  					int cmd)
  {
  	switch (cmd) {
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
  		if (chip->active & DAC2)
  			return 0;
  		chip->active |= DAC2;
                  /* Start DMA */
  		if (chip->dma2 >= 4)
  			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0xb3);
  		else
  			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0x93);
  #ifdef AVOID_POPS
  		/* Avoid pops */
                  udelay(100000);
  		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
  			/* Restore Audio 2 volume */
  			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7C, chip->audio2_vol);
  		else
  			/* Enable PCM output */
  			snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
  #endif
  		break;
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
  		if (!(chip->active & DAC2))
  			return 0;
  		chip->active &= ~DAC2;
                  /* Stop DMA */
                  snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0x00);
  #ifdef AVOID_POPS
                  udelay(25000);
  		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
  			/* Set Audio 2 volume to 0 */
  			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7C, 0);
  		else
  			/* Disable PCM output */
  			snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD3);
  #endif
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	int shift, err;
  
  	shift = 0;
  	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
  	    chip->playback_a_substream &&
  	    params_channels(hw_params) != 1) {
  		_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(hw_params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	if (params_channels(hw_params) == 2)
  		shift++;
  	if (snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(hw_params)) == 16)
  		shift++;
  	chip->dma1_shift = shift;
  	if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
  		return err;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
  	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
  	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
  
  	snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(chip);
  
          /* Set stereo/mono */
          snd_es18xx_bits(chip, 0xA8, 0x03, runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x02 : 0x01);
  
          snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, ADC1);
  
          /* Transfer Count Reload */
  	count = 0x10000 - count;
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA4, count & 0xff);
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA5, count >> 8);
  
  #ifdef AVOID_POPS
  	udelay(100000);
  #endif
  
          /* Set format */
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 
                           snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x51 : 0x71);
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x90 |
                           ((runtime->channels == 1) ? 0x40 : 0x08) |
                           (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x04 : 0x00) |
                           (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x20));
  
          /* Set DMA controller */
          snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  				      int cmd)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  
  	switch (cmd) {
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
  		if (chip->active & ADC1)
  			return 0;
  		chip->active |= ADC1;
                  /* Start DMA */
                  snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x0f);
  		break;
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
  		if (!(chip->active & ADC1))
  			return 0;
  		chip->active &= ~ADC1;
                  /* Stop DMA */
                  snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x00);
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback2_prepare(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
  	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
  	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
  
  	snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(chip);
  
          /* Set stereo/mono */
          snd_es18xx_bits(chip, 0xA8, 0x03, runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x02 : 0x01);
  
          snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, DAC1);
  
          /* Transfer Count Reload */
  	count = 0x10000 - count;
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA4, count & 0xff);
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA5, count >> 8);
  
          /* Set format */
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB6,
                           snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x80 : 0x00);
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 
                           snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x51 : 0x71);
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x90 |
                           (runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x40 : 0x08) |
                           (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x04 : 0x00) |
                           (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x20));
  
          /* Set DMA controller */
          snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback2_trigger(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  					int cmd)
  {
  	switch (cmd) {
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
  		if (chip->active & DAC1)
  			return 0;
  		chip->active |= DAC1;
                  /* Start DMA */
                  snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x05);
  #ifdef AVOID_POPS
  		/* Avoid pops */
                  udelay(100000);
                  /* Enable Audio 1 */
                  snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
  #endif
  		break;
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
  	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
  		if (!(chip->active & DAC1))
  			return 0;
  		chip->active &= ~DAC1;
                  /* Stop DMA */
                  snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x00);
  #ifdef AVOID_POPS
  		/* Avoid pops */
                  udelay(25000);
                  /* Disable Audio 1 */
                  snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD3);
  #endif
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
  		return snd_es18xx_playback1_prepare(chip, substream);
  	else
  		return snd_es18xx_playback2_prepare(chip, substream);
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
  				       int cmd)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
  		return snd_es18xx_playback1_trigger(chip, substream, cmd);
  	else
  		return snd_es18xx_playback2_trigger(chip, substream, cmd);
  }
  
  static irqreturn_t snd_es18xx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
  {
  	struct snd_card *card = dev_id;
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  	unsigned char status;
  
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_CONTROL) {
  		/* Read Interrupt status */
  		status = inb(chip->ctrl_port + 6);
  	} else {
  		/* Read Interrupt status */
  		status = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7f) >> 4;
  	}
  #if 0
  	else {
  		status = 0;
  		if (inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x01)
  			status |= AUDIO1_IRQ;
  		if (snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7A) & 0x80)
  			status |= AUDIO2_IRQ;
  		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) &&
  		    snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x64) & 0x10)
  			status |= HWV_IRQ;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	/* Audio 1 & Audio 2 */
          if (status & AUDIO2_IRQ) {
                  if (chip->active & DAC2)
                  	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_a_substream);
  		/* ack interrupt */
                  snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7A, 0x80, 0x00);
          }
          if (status & AUDIO1_IRQ) {
                  /* ok.. capture is active */
                  if (chip->active & ADC1)
                  	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_a_substream);
                  /* ok.. playback2 is active */
                  else if (chip->active & DAC1)
                  	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_b_substream);
  		/* ack interrupt */
  		inb(chip->port + 0x0E);
          }
  
  	/* MPU */
  	if ((status & MPU_IRQ) && chip->rmidi)
  		snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
  
  	/* Hardware volume */
  	if (status & HWV_IRQ) {
  		int split = 0;
  		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
  			split = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x64) & 0x80;
  			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
  					&chip->hw_switch->id);
  			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
  					&chip->hw_volume->id);
  		}
  		if (!split) {
  			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
  					&chip->master_switch->id);
  			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
  					&chip->master_volume->id);
  		}
  		/* ack interrupt */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x66, 0x00);
  	}
  	return IRQ_HANDLED;
  }
  
  static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es18xx_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
  	int pos;
  
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
  		if (!(chip->active & DAC2))
  			return 0;
  		pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma2, size);
  		return pos >> chip->dma2_shift;
  	} else {
  		if (!(chip->active & DAC1))
  			return 0;
  		pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, size);
  		return pos >> chip->dma1_shift;
  	}
  }
  
  static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es18xx_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
  	int pos;
  
          if (!(chip->active & ADC1))
                  return 0;
  	pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, size);
  	return pos >> chip->dma1_shift;
  }
  
  static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es18xx_playback =
  {
  	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
  				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
  				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
  	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | 
  				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
  	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
  	.rate_min =		4000,
  	.rate_max =		48000,
  	.channels_min =		1,
  	.channels_max =		2,
  	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
  	.period_bytes_min =	64,
  	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
  	.periods_min =		1,
  	.periods_max =		1024,
  	.fifo_size =		0,
  };
  
  static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es18xx_capture =
  {
  	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
  				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
  				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
  	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | 
  				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
  	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
  	.rate_min =		4000,
  	.rate_max =		48000,
  	.channels_min =		1,
  	.channels_max =		2,
  	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
  	.period_bytes_min =	64,
  	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
  	.periods_min =		1,
  	.periods_max =		1024,
  	.fifo_size =		0,
  };
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
  		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
  		    chip->capture_a_substream && 
  		    chip->capture_a_substream->runtime->channels != 1)
  			return -EAGAIN;
  		chip->playback_a_substream = substream;
  	} else if (substream->number <= 1) {
  		if (chip->capture_a_substream)
  			return -EAGAIN;
  		chip->playback_b_substream = substream;
  	} else {
  		snd_BUG();
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  	substream->runtime->hw = snd_es18xx_playback;
  	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
  				      (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) ? &new_hw_constraints_clocks : &old_hw_constraints_clocks);
          return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
  	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  
          if (chip->playback_b_substream)
                  return -EAGAIN;
  	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
  	    chip->playback_a_substream &&
  	    chip->playback_a_substream->runtime->channels != 1)
  		return -EAGAIN;
          chip->capture_a_substream = substream;
  	substream->runtime->hw = snd_es18xx_capture;
  	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
  				      (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) ? &new_hw_constraints_clocks : &old_hw_constraints_clocks);
          return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  
  	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
  		chip->playback_a_substream = NULL;
  	else
  		chip->playback_b_substream = NULL;
  	
  	snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
  {
          struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
  
          chip->capture_a_substream = NULL;
  	snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
          return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   *  MIXER part
   */
  
  /* Record source mux routines:
   * Depending on the chipset this mux switches between 4, 5, or 8 possible inputs.
   * bit table for the 4/5 source mux:
   * reg 1C:
   *  b2 b1 b0   muxSource
   *   x  0  x   microphone
   *   0  1  x   CD
   *   1  1  0   line
   *   1  1  1   mixer
   * if it's "mixer" and it's a 5 source mux chipset then reg 7A bit 3 determines
   * either the play mixer or the capture mixer.
   *
   * "map4Source" translates from source number to reg bit pattern
   * "invMap4Source" translates from reg bit pattern to source number
   */
  
  static int snd_es18xx_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
  {
  	static char *texts5Source[5] = {
  		"Mic", "CD", "Line", "Master", "Mix"
  	};
  	static char *texts8Source[8] = {
  		"Mic", "Mic Master", "CD", "AOUT",
  		"Mic1", "Mix", "Line", "Master"
  	};
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  
  	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED;
  	uinfo->count = 1;
  	switch (chip->version) {
  	case 0x1868:
  	case 0x1878:
  		uinfo->value.enumerated.items = 4;
  		if (uinfo->value.enumerated.item > 3)
  			uinfo->value.enumerated.item = 3;
  		strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name,
  			texts5Source[uinfo->value.enumerated.item]);
  		break;
  	case 0x1887:
  	case 0x1888:
  		uinfo->value.enumerated.items = 5;
  		if (uinfo->value.enumerated.item > 4)
  			uinfo->value.enumerated.item = 4;
  		strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name, texts5Source[uinfo->value.enumerated.item]);
  		break;
  	case 0x1869: /* DS somewhat contradictory for 1869: could be be 5 or 8 */
  	case 0x1879:
  		uinfo->value.enumerated.items = 8;
  		if (uinfo->value.enumerated.item > 7)
  			uinfo->value.enumerated.item = 7;
  		strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name, texts8Source[uinfo->value.enumerated.item]);
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	static unsigned char invMap4Source[8] = {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 3};
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	int muxSource = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x1c) & 0x07;
  	if (!(chip->version == 0x1869 || chip->version == 0x1879)) {
  		muxSource = invMap4Source[muxSource];
  		if (muxSource==3 && 
  		    (chip->version == 0x1887 || chip->version == 0x1888) &&
  		    (snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7a) & 0x08)
  		) 
  			muxSource = 4;
  	}
  	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = muxSource;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	static unsigned char map4Source[4] = {0, 2, 6, 7};
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	unsigned char val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
  	unsigned char retVal = 0;
  
  	switch (chip->version) {
   /* 5 source chips */
  	case 0x1887:
  	case 0x1888:
  		if (val > 4)
  			return -EINVAL;
  		if (val == 4) {
  			retVal = snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7a, 0x08, 0x08) != 0x08;
  			val = 3;
  		} else
  			retVal = snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7a, 0x08, 0x00) != 0x00;
   /* 4 source chips */
  	case 0x1868:
  	case 0x1878:
  		if (val > 3)
  			return -EINVAL;
  		val = map4Source[val];
  		break;
   /* 8 source chips */
  	case 0x1869:
  	case 0x1879:
  		if (val > 7)
  			return -EINVAL;
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  	return (snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x1c, 0x07, val) != val) || retVal;
  }
  
  #define snd_es18xx_info_spatializer_enable	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_spatializer_enable(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	unsigned char val = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x50);
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = !!(val & 8);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_put_spatializer_enable(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	unsigned char oval, nval;
  	int change;
  	nval = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? 0x0c : 0x04;
  	oval = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x50) & 0x0c;
  	change = nval != oval;
  	if (change) {
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x50, nval & ~0x04);
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x50, nval);
  	}
  	return change;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_info_hw_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
  {
  	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
  	uinfo->count = 2;
  	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
  	uinfo->value.integer.max = 63;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_hw_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x61) & 0x3f;
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x63) & 0x3f;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #define snd_es18xx_info_hw_switch	snd_ctl_boolean_stereo_info
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_hw_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = !(snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x61) & 0x40);
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = !(snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x63) & 0x40);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static void snd_es18xx_hwv_free(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	chip->master_volume = NULL;
  	chip->master_switch = NULL;
  	chip->hw_volume = NULL;
  	chip->hw_switch = NULL;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_reg_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
  			       unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
  {
  	if (reg < 0xa0)
  		return snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, reg, mask, val);
  	else
  		return snd_es18xx_bits(chip, reg, mask, val);
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_reg_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
  {
  	if (reg < 0xa0)
  		return snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, reg);
  	else
  		return snd_es18xx_read(chip, reg);
  }
  
  #define ES18XX_SINGLE(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
  { .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
    .info = snd_es18xx_info_single, \
    .get = snd_es18xx_get_single, .put = snd_es18xx_put_single, \
    .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
  {
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
  
  	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
  	uinfo->count = 1;
  	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
  	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
  	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
  	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
  	int val;
  	
  	val = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, reg);
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val >> shift) & mask;
  	if (invert)
  		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
  	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
  	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
  	unsigned char val;
  	
  	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
  	if (invert)
  		val = mask - val;
  	mask <<= shift;
  	val <<= shift;
  	return snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, reg, mask, val) != val;
  }
  
  #define ES18XX_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
  { .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
    .info = snd_es18xx_info_double, \
    .get = snd_es18xx_get_double, .put = snd_es18xx_put_double, \
    .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
  {
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
  
  	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
  	uinfo->count = 2;
  	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
  	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
  	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
  	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
  	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
  	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
  	unsigned char left, right;
  	
  	left = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, left_reg);
  	if (left_reg != right_reg)
  		right = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, right_reg);
  	else
  		right = left;
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (left >> shift_left) & mask;
  	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (right >> shift_right) & mask;
  	if (invert) {
  		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
  		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
  	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
  	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
  	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
  	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
  	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
  	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
  	int change;
  	unsigned char val1, val2, mask1, mask2;
  	
  	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
  	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
  	if (invert) {
  		val1 = mask - val1;
  		val2 = mask - val2;
  	}
  	val1 <<= shift_left;
  	val2 <<= shift_right;
  	mask1 = mask << shift_left;
  	mask2 = mask << shift_right;
  	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
  		change = 0;
  		if (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, left_reg, mask1, val1) != val1)
  			change = 1;
  		if (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, right_reg, mask2, val2) != val2)
  			change = 1;
  	} else {
  		change = (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, left_reg, mask1 | mask2, 
  					      val1 | val2) != (val1 | val2));
  	}
  	return change;
  }
  
  /* Mixer controls
   * These arrays contain setup data for mixer controls.
   * 
   * The controls that are universal to all chipsets are fully initialized
   * here.
   */
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_base_controls[] = {
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0, 0x60, 0x62, 0, 0, 63, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0, 0x60, 0x62, 6, 6, 1, 1),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 0, 0x3e, 0x3e, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0, 0x38, 0x38, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("FM Playback Volume", 0, 0x36, 0x36, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0, 0x1a, 0x1a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Volume", 0, 0x3a, 0x3a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Record Monitor", 0, 0xa8, 3, 1, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", 0, 0xb4, 0xb4, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  {
  	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
  	.name = "Capture Source",
  	.info = snd_es18xx_info_mux,
  	.get = snd_es18xx_get_mux,
  	.put = snd_es18xx_put_mux,
  }
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[] = {
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Capture Volume", 0, 0x69, 0x69, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mic Capture Volume", 0, 0x68, 0x68, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Line Capture Volume", 0, 0x6e, 0x6e, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("FM Capture Volume", 0, 0x6b, 0x6b, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("CD Capture Volume", 0, 0x6a, 0x6a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Aux Capture Volume", 0, 0x6c, 0x6c, 4, 0, 15, 0)
  };
  
  /*
   * The chipset specific mixer controls
   */
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_speaker =
  	ES18XX_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", 0, 0x3c, 0, 7, 0);
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1869[] = {
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Capture Switch", 0, 0x1c, 4, 1, 1),
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Video Playback Switch", 0, 0x7f, 0, 1, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mono Playback Volume", 0, 0x6d, 0x6d, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mono Capture Volume", 0, 0x6f, 0x6f, 4, 0, 15, 0)
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1878 =
  	ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Playback Volume", 0, 0x68, 0x68, 4, 0, 15, 0);
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1879[] = {
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Video Playback Switch", 0, 0x71, 6, 1, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Playback Volume", 0, 0x6d, 0x6d, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Capture Volume", 0, 0x6f, 0x6f, 4, 0, 15, 0)
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[] = {
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0, 0x14, 0x14, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[] = {
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0, 0x7c, 0x7c, 4, 0, 15, 0),
  ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 1, 0x14, 0x14, 4, 0, 15, 0)
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[] = {
  ES18XX_SINGLE("3D Control - Level", 0, 0x52, 0, 63, 0),
  {
  	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
  	.name = "3D Control - Switch",
  	.info = snd_es18xx_info_spatializer_enable,
  	.get = snd_es18xx_get_spatializer_enable,
  	.put = snd_es18xx_put_spatializer_enable,
  }
  };
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_micpre1_control = 
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+26dB)", 0, 0xa9, 2, 1, 0);
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_micpre2_control =
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+26dB)", 0, 0x7d, 3, 1, 0);
  
  static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls[] = {
  {
  	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
  	.name = "Hardware Master Playback Volume",
  	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
  	.info = snd_es18xx_info_hw_volume,
  	.get = snd_es18xx_get_hw_volume,
  },
  {
  	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
  	.name = "Hardware Master Playback Switch",
  	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
  	.info = snd_es18xx_info_hw_switch,
  	.get = snd_es18xx_get_hw_switch,
  },
  ES18XX_SINGLE("Hardware Master Volume Split", 0, 0x64, 7, 1, 0),
  };
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_config_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
  {
  	int data;
  
  	outb(reg, chip->ctrl_port);
  	data = inb(chip->ctrl_port + 1);
  	return data;
  }
  
  static void __devinit snd_es18xx_config_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip, 
  					      unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
  {
  	/* No need for spinlocks, this function is used only in
  	   otherwise protected init code */
  	outb(reg, chip->ctrl_port);
  	outb(data, chip->ctrl_port + 1);
  #ifdef REG_DEBUG
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "Config reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
  #endif
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_initialize(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					   unsigned long mpu_port,
  					   unsigned long fm_port)
  {
  	int mask = 0;
  
          /* enable extended mode */
          snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC6);
  	/* Reset mixer registers */
  	snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x00, 0x00);
  
          /* Audio 1 DMA demand mode (4 bytes/request) */
          snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB9, 2);
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_CONTROL) {
  		/* Hardware volume IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x27, chip->irq);
  		if (fm_port > 0 && fm_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  			/* FM I/O */
  			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x62, fm_port >> 8);
  			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x63, fm_port & 0xff);
  		}
  		if (mpu_port > 0 && mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  			/* MPU-401 I/O */
  			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x64, mpu_port >> 8);
  			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x65, mpu_port & 0xff);
  			/* MPU-401 IRQ */
  			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x28, chip->irq);
  		}
  		/* Audio1 IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x70, chip->irq);
  		/* Audio2 IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x72, chip->irq);
  		/* Audio1 DMA */
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x74, chip->dma1);
  		/* Audio2 DMA */
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x75, chip->dma2);
  
  		/* Enable Audio 1 IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB1, 0x50);
  		/* Enable Audio 2 IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7A, 0x40);
  		/* Enable Audio 1 DMA */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB2, 0x50);
  		/* Enable MPU and hardware volume interrupt */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x64, 0x42);
  		/* Enable ESS wavetable input */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x48, 0x10, 0x10);
  	}
  	else {
  		int irqmask, dma1mask, dma2mask;
  		switch (chip->irq) {
  		case 2:
  		case 9:
  			irqmask = 0;
  			break;
  		case 5:
  			irqmask = 1;
  			break;
  		case 7:
  			irqmask = 2;
  			break;
  		case 10:
  			irqmask = 3;
  			break;
  		default:
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid irq %d\n", chip->irq);
  			return -ENODEV;
  		}
  		switch (chip->dma1) {
  		case 0:
  			dma1mask = 1;
  			break;
  		case 1:
  			dma1mask = 2;
  			break;
  		case 3:
  			dma1mask = 3;
  			break;
  		default:
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid dma1 %d\n", chip->dma1);
  			return -ENODEV;
  		}
  		switch (chip->dma2) {
  		case 0:
  			dma2mask = 0;
  			break;
  		case 1:
  			dma2mask = 1;
  			break;
  		case 3:
  			dma2mask = 2;
  			break;
  		case 5:
  			dma2mask = 3;
  			break;
  		default:
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid dma2 %d\n", chip->dma2);
  			return -ENODEV;
  		}
  
  		/* Enable and set Audio 1 IRQ */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB1, 0x50 | (irqmask << 2));
  		/* Enable and set Audio 1 DMA */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB2, 0x50 | (dma1mask << 2));
  		/* Set Audio 2 DMA */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7d, 0x07, 0x04 | dma2mask);
  		/* Enable Audio 2 IRQ and DMA
  		   Set capture mixer input */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7A, 0x68);
  		/* Enable and set hardware volume interrupt */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x64, 0x06);
  		if (mpu_port > 0 && mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  			/* MPU401 share irq with audio
  			   Joystick enabled
  			   FM enabled */
  			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x40,
  					       0x43 | (mpu_port & 0xf0) >> 1);
  		}
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7f, ((irqmask + 1) << 1) | 0x01);
  	}
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) {
  		/* Change behaviour of register A1
  		   4x oversampling
  		   2nd channel DAC asynchronous */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x71, 0x32);
  	}
  	if (!(chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
  		/* Enable DMA FIFO */
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x80);
  	}
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_SPATIALIZER) {
  		/* Set spatializer parameters to recommended values */
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x54, 0x8f);
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x56, 0x95);
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x58, 0x94);
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x5a, 0x80);
  	}
  	/* Flip the "enable I2S" bits for those chipsets that need it */
  	switch (chip->version) {
  	case 0x1879:
  		//Leaving I2S enabled on the 1879 screws up the PCM playback (rate effected somehow)
  		//so a Switch control has been added to toggle this 0x71 bit on/off:
  		//snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x71, 0x40, 0x40);
  		/* Note: we fall through on purpose here. */
  	case 0x1878:
  		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x29, snd_es18xx_config_read(chip, 0x29) | 0x40);
  		break;
  	}
  	/* Mute input source */
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_MUTEREC)
  		mask = 0x10;
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_RECMIX)
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x1c, 0x05 | mask);
  	else {
  		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x1c, 0x00 | mask);
  		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xb4, 0x00);
  	}
  #ifndef AVOID_POPS
  	/* Enable PCM output */
  	snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
  #endif
  
          return 0;
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_identify(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
  {
  	int hi,lo;
  
  	/* reset */
  	if (snd_es18xx_reset(chip) < 0) {
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "reset at 0x%lx failed!!!\n", chip->port);
  		return -ENODEV;
  	}
  
  	snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xe7);
  	hi = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
  	if (hi < 0) {
  		return hi;
  	}
  	lo = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
  	if ((lo & 0xf0) != 0x80) {
  		return -ENODEV;
  	}
  	if (hi == 0x48) {
  		chip->version = 0x488;
  		return 0;
  	}
  	if (hi != 0x68) {
  		return -ENODEV;
  	}
  	if ((lo & 0x0f) < 8) {
  		chip->version = 0x688;
  		return 0;
  	}
  			
          outb(0x40, chip->port + 0x04);
  	udelay(10);
  	hi = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
  	udelay(10);
  	lo = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
  	if (hi != lo) {
  		chip->version = hi << 8 | lo;
  		chip->ctrl_port = inb(chip->port + 0x05) << 8;
  		udelay(10);
  		chip->ctrl_port += inb(chip->port + 0x05);
  
  		if ((chip->res_ctrl_port = request_region(chip->ctrl_port, 8, "ES18xx - CTRL")) == NULL) {
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable go grab port 0x%lx\n", chip->ctrl_port);
  			return -EBUSY;
  		}
  
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	/* If has Hardware volume */
  	if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x64, 0x04)) {
  		/* If has Audio2 */
  		if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x70, 0x7f)) {
  			/* If has volume count */
  			if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x64, 0x20)) {
  				chip->version = 0x1887;
  			} else {
  				chip->version = 0x1888;
  			}
  		} else {
  			chip->version = 0x1788;
  		}
  	}
  	else
  		chip->version = 0x1688;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_probe(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					unsigned long mpu_port,
  					unsigned long fm_port)
  {
  	if (snd_es18xx_identify(chip) < 0) {
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "[0x%lx] ESS chip not found\n", chip->port);
                  return -ENODEV;
  	}
  
  	switch (chip->version) {
  	case 0x1868:
  		chip->caps = ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME | ES18XX_CONTROL;
  		break;
  	case 0x1869:
  		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_SPATIALIZER | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_NEW_RATE | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_MONO | ES18XX_MUTEREC | ES18XX_CONTROL | ES18XX_HWV;
  		break;
  	case 0x1878:
  		chip->caps = ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME | ES18XX_I2S | ES18XX_CONTROL;
  		break;
  	case 0x1879:
  		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_SPATIALIZER | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_NEW_RATE | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_I2S | ES18XX_CONTROL | ES18XX_HWV;
  		break;
  	case 0x1887:
  	case 0x1888:
  		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME;
  		break;
  	default:
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "[0x%lx] unsupported chip ES%x\n",
                             chip->port, chip->version);
                  return -ENODEV;
          }
  
          snd_printd("[0x%lx] ESS%x chip found\n", chip->port, chip->version);
  
  	if (chip->dma1 == chip->dma2)
  		chip->caps &= ~(ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME);
  
  	return snd_es18xx_initialize(chip, mpu_port, fm_port);
  }
  
  static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es18xx_playback_ops = {
  	.open =		snd_es18xx_playback_open,
  	.close =	snd_es18xx_playback_close,
  	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
  	.hw_params =	snd_es18xx_playback_hw_params,
  	.hw_free =	snd_es18xx_pcm_hw_free,
  	.prepare =	snd_es18xx_playback_prepare,
  	.trigger =	snd_es18xx_playback_trigger,
  	.pointer =	snd_es18xx_playback_pointer,
  };
  
  static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es18xx_capture_ops = {
  	.open =		snd_es18xx_capture_open,
  	.close =	snd_es18xx_capture_close,
  	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
  	.hw_params =	snd_es18xx_capture_hw_params,
  	.hw_free =	snd_es18xx_pcm_hw_free,
  	.prepare =	snd_es18xx_capture_prepare,
  	.trigger =	snd_es18xx_capture_trigger,
  	.pointer =	snd_es18xx_capture_pointer,
  };
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device,
  				    struct snd_pcm **rpcm)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
          struct snd_pcm *pcm;
  	char str[16];
  	int err;
  
  	if (rpcm)
  		*rpcm = NULL;
  	sprintf(str, "ES%x", chip->version);
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
  		err = snd_pcm_new(card, str, device, 2, 1, &pcm);
  	else
  		err = snd_pcm_new(card, str, device, 1, 1, &pcm);
          if (err < 0)
                  return err;
  
  	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_es18xx_playback_ops);
  	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_es18xx_capture_ops);
  
  	/* global setup */
          pcm->private_data = chip;
          pcm->info_flags = 0;
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME)
  		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
  	if (! (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
  		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
  	sprintf(pcm->name, "ESS AudioDrive ES%x", chip->version);
          chip->pcm = pcm;
  
  	snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
  					      snd_dma_isa_data(),
  					      64*1024,
  					      chip->dma1 > 3 || chip->dma2 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
  
          if (rpcm)
          	*rpcm = pcm;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* Power Management support functions */
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  static int snd_es18xx_suspend(struct snd_card *card, pm_message_t state)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  
  	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
  
  	snd_pcm_suspend_all(chip->pcm);
  
  	/* power down */
  	chip->pm_reg = (unsigned char)snd_es18xx_read(chip, ES18XX_PM);
  	chip->pm_reg |= (ES18XX_PM_FM | ES18XX_PM_SUS);
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg);
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg ^= ES18XX_PM_SUS);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_resume(struct snd_card *card)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  
  	/* restore PM register, we won't wake till (not 0x07) i/o activity though */
  	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg ^= ES18XX_PM_FM);
  
  	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
  	return 0;
  }
  #endif /* CONFIG_PM */
  
  static int snd_es18xx_free(struct snd_card *card)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  
  	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_port);
  	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_ctrl_port);
  	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_mpu_port);
  	if (chip->irq >= 0)
  		free_irq(chip->irq, (void *) card);
  	if (chip->dma1 >= 0) {
  		disable_dma(chip->dma1);
  		free_dma(chip->dma1);
  	}
  	if (chip->dma2 >= 0 && chip->dma1 != chip->dma2) {
  		disable_dma(chip->dma2);
  		free_dma(chip->dma2);
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_free(device->card);
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_new_device(struct snd_card *card,
  					   unsigned long port,
  					   unsigned long mpu_port,
  					   unsigned long fm_port,
  					   int irq, int dma1, int dma2)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
  		.dev_free =	snd_es18xx_dev_free,
          };
  	int err;
  
  	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
   	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
          chip->port = port;
          chip->irq = -1;
          chip->dma1 = -1;
          chip->dma2 = -1;
          chip->audio2_vol = 0x00;
  	chip->active = 0;
  
  	chip->res_port = request_region(port, 16, "ES18xx");
  	if (chip->res_port == NULL) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to grap ports 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", port, port + 16 - 1);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  
  	if (request_irq(irq, snd_es18xx_interrupt, 0, "ES18xx",
  			(void *) card)) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to grap IRQ %d\n", irq);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	chip->irq = irq;
  
  	if (request_dma(dma1, "ES18xx DMA 1")) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to grap DMA1 %d\n", dma1);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	chip->dma1 = dma1;
  
  	if (dma2 != dma1 && request_dma(dma2, "ES18xx DMA 2")) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to grap DMA2 %d\n", dma2);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	chip->dma2 = dma2;
  
  	if (snd_es18xx_probe(chip, mpu_port, fm_port) < 0) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		return -ENODEV;
  	}
  	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
  	if (err < 0) {
  		snd_es18xx_free(card);
  		return err;
  	}
          return 0;
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  	int err;
  	unsigned int idx;
  
  	strcpy(card->mixername, chip->pcm->name);
  
  	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_base_controls); idx++) {
  		struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
  		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_base_controls[idx], chip);
  		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
  			switch (idx) {
  			case 0:
  				chip->master_volume = kctl;
  				kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
  				break;
  			case 1:
  				chip->master_switch = kctl;
  				kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
  				break;
  			}
  		}
  		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
  			return err;
  	}
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls); idx++) {
  			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
  				return err;
  		} 
  	} else {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls); idx++) {
  			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_RECMIX) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_recmix_controls); idx++) {
  			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	}
  	switch (chip->version) {
  	default:
  		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre1_control, chip))) < 0)
  			return err;
  		break;
  	case 0x1869:
  	case 0x1879:
  		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre2_control, chip))) < 0)
  			return err;
  		break;
  	}
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_SPATIALIZER) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls); idx++) {
  			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	}
  	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls); idx++) {
  			struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
  			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls[idx], chip);
  			if (idx == 0)
  				chip->hw_volume = kctl;
  			else
  				chip->hw_switch = kctl;
  			kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
  			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
  				return err;
  			
  		}
  	}
  	/* finish initializing other chipset specific controls
  	 */
  	if (chip->version != 0x1868) {
  		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_speaker,
  						     chip));
  		if (err < 0)
  			return err;
  	}
  	if (chip->version == 0x1869) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_opt_1869); idx++) {
  			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
  					  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1869[idx],
  						       chip));
  			if (err < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	} else if (chip->version == 0x1878) {
  		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1878,
  						     chip));
  		if (err < 0)
  			return err;
  	} else if (chip->version == 0x1879) {
  		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_opt_1879); idx++) {
  			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
  					  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1879[idx],
  						       chip));
  			if (err < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
         
  
  /* Card level */
  
  MODULE_AUTHOR("Christian Fischbach <fishbach@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>, Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>");  
  MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ESS ES18xx AudioDrive");
  MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{ESS,ES1868 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1869 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1878 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1879 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1887 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1888 PnP AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1887 AudioDrive},"
  		"{ESS,ES1888 AudioDrive}}");
  
  static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
  static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
  static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP;
  #endif
  static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280 */
  #ifndef CONFIG_PNP
  static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = -1};
  #else
  static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
  #endif
  static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
  static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
  static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
  static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
  
  module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for ES18xx soundcard.");
  module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for ES18xx soundcard.");
  module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable ES18xx soundcard.");
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
  #endif
  module_param_array(port, long, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for ES18xx driver.");
  module_param_array(mpu_port, long, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for ES18xx driver.");
  module_param_array(fm_port, long, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for ES18xx driver.");
  module_param_array(irq, int, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for ES18xx driver.");
  module_param_array(dma1, int, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA 1 # for ES18xx driver.");
  module_param_array(dma2, int, NULL, 0444);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA 2 # for ES18xx driver.");
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  static int isa_registered;
  static int pnp_registered;
  static int pnpc_registered;
  
  static struct pnp_device_id snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids[] = {
  	{ .id = "ESS1869" },
  	{ .id = "ESS1879" },
  	{ .id = "" }		/* end */
  };
  
  MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids);
  
  /* PnP main device initialization */
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
  {
  	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "PnP configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	/* ok. hack using Vendor-Defined Card-Level registers */
  	/* skip csn and logdev initialization - already done in isapnp_configure */
  	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev)) {
  		isapnp_cfg_begin(isapnp_card_number(pdev), isapnp_csn_number(pdev));
  		isapnp_write_byte(0x27, pnp_irq(pdev, 0));	/* Hardware Volume IRQ Number */
  		if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
  			isapnp_write_byte(0x28, pnp_irq(pdev, 0)); /* MPU-401 IRQ Number */
  		isapnp_write_byte(0x72, pnp_irq(pdev, 0));	/* second IRQ */
  		isapnp_cfg_end();
  	}
  	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
  	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
  	mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
  	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
  	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
  	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
  	snd_printdd("PnP ES18xx: port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, mpu port=0x%lx\n", port[dev], fm_port[dev], mpu_port[dev]);
  	snd_printdd("PnP ES18xx: dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\n", dma1[dev], dma2[dev], irq[dev]);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnp(int dev, struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct pnp_dev *pdev)
  {
  	chip->dev = pdev;
  	if (snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(dev, chip->dev) < 0)
  		return -EBUSY;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static struct pnp_card_device_id snd_audiodrive_pnpids[] = {
  	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Compaq dual P-Pro motherboard and Genius 18PnP 3D) */
  	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS1868" }, { "ESS0000" } } },
  	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Maxisound Cards) */
  	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS8601" }, { "ESS8600" } } },
  	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Maxisound Cards) */
  	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS8611" }, { "ESS8610" } } },
  	/* ESS ES1869 Plug and Play AudioDrive */
  	{ .id = "ESS0003", .devs = { { "ESS1869" }, { "ESS0006" } } },
  	/* ESS 1869 */
  	{ .id = "ESS1869", .devs = { { "ESS1869" }, { "ESS0006" } } },
  	/* ESS 1878 */
  	{ .id = "ESS1878", .devs = { { "ESS1878" }, { "ESS0004" } } },
  	/* ESS 1879 */
  	{ .id = "ESS1879", .devs = { { "ESS1879" }, { "ESS0009" } } },
  	/* --- */
  	{ .id = "" } /* end */
  };
  
  MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_audiodrive_pnpids);
  
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnpc(int dev, struct snd_es18xx *chip,
  					struct pnp_card_link *card,
  					const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
  {
  	chip->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
  	if (chip->dev == NULL)
  		return -EBUSY;
  
  	chip->devc = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
  	if (chip->devc == NULL)
  		return -EBUSY;
  
  	/* Control port initialization */
  	if (pnp_activate_dev(chip->devc) < 0) {
  		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "PnP control configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
  		return -EAGAIN;
  	}
  	snd_printdd("pnp: port=0x%llx\n",
  			(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(chip->devc, 0));
  	if (snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(dev, chip->dev) < 0)
  		return -EBUSY;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  #endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  #define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
  #else
  #define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
  #endif
  
  static int snd_es18xx_card_new(int dev, struct snd_card **cardp)
  {
  	return snd_card_create(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
  			       sizeof(struct snd_es18xx), cardp);
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
  {
  	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
  	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
  	int err;
  
  	err = snd_es18xx_new_device(card,
  				    port[dev], mpu_port[dev], fm_port[dev],
  				    irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
  	if (err < 0)
  		return err;
  
  	sprintf(card->driver, "ES%x", chip->version);
  	
  	sprintf(card->shortname, "ESS AudioDrive ES%x", chip->version);
  	if (dma1[dev] != dma2[dev])
  		sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma1 %d, dma2 %d",
  			card->shortname,
  			chip->port,
  			irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
  	else
  		sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
  			card->shortname,
  			chip->port,
  			irq[dev], dma1[dev]);
  
  	err = snd_es18xx_pcm(card, 0, NULL);
  	if (err < 0)
  		return err;
  
  	err = snd_es18xx_mixer(card);
  	if (err < 0)
  		return err;
  
  	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  		if (snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
  				    OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
  			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING PFX
  				   "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n",
  				   fm_port[dev]);
  		} else {
  			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
  			if (err < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_ES18XX,
  					  mpu_port[dev], MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
  					  -1, &chip->rmidi);
  		if (err < 0)
  			return err;
  	}
  
  	return snd_card_register(card);
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_isa_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
  {
  	return enable[dev] && !is_isapnp_selected(dev);
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
  {
  	struct snd_card *card;
  	int err;
  
  	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
  	if (err < 0)
  		return err;
  	snd_card_set_dev(card, devptr);
  	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
  		snd_card_free(card);
  		return err;
  	}
  	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int __devinit snd_es18xx_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
  {
  	int err;
  	static int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, 11, 12, -1};
  	static int possible_dmas[] = {1, 0, 3, 5, -1};
  
  	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
  		if ((irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
  			return -EBUSY;
  		}
  	}
  	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
  		if ((dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
  			return -EBUSY;
  		}
  	}
  	if (dma2[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
  		if ((dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
  			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
  			return -EBUSY;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
  		return snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
  	} else {
  		static unsigned long possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x240, 0x260, 0x280};
  		int i;
  		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
  			port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
  			err = snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
  			if (! err)
  				return 0;
  		}
  		return err;
  	}
  }
  
  static int __devexit snd_es18xx_isa_remove(struct device *devptr,
  					   unsigned int dev)
  {
  	snd_card_free(dev_get_drvdata(devptr));
  	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, NULL);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  static int snd_es18xx_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
  				  pm_message_t state)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev), state);
  }
  
  static int snd_es18xx_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
  }
  #endif
  
  #define DEV_NAME "es18xx"
  
  static struct isa_driver snd_es18xx_isa_driver = {
  	.match		= snd_es18xx_isa_match,
  	.probe		= snd_es18xx_isa_probe,
  	.remove		= __devexit_p(snd_es18xx_isa_remove),
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  	.suspend	= snd_es18xx_isa_suspend,
  	.resume		= snd_es18xx_isa_resume,
  #endif
  	.driver		= {
  		.name	= DEV_NAME
  	},
  };
  
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
  					    const struct pnp_device_id *id)
  {
  	static int dev;
  	int err;
  	struct snd_card *card;
  
  	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev))
  		return -ENOENT;	/* we have another procedure - card */
  	for (; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
  		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
  			break;
  	}
  	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
  		return -ENODEV;
  
  	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
  	if (err < 0)
  		return err;
  	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
  		snd_card_free(card);
  		return err;
  	}
  	snd_card_set_dev(card, &pdev->dev);
  	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
  		snd_card_free(card);
  		return err;
  	}
  	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
  	dev++;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static void __devexit snd_audiodrive_pnp_remove(struct pnp_dev * pdev)
  {
  	snd_card_free(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
  	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_suspend(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev), state);
  }
  static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_resume(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
  }
  #endif
  
  static struct pnp_driver es18xx_pnp_driver = {
  	.name = "es18xx-pnpbios",
  	.id_table = snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids,
  	.probe = snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect,
  	.remove = __devexit_p(snd_audiodrive_pnp_remove),
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  	.suspend = snd_audiodrive_pnp_suspend,
  	.resume = snd_audiodrive_pnp_resume,
  #endif
  };
  
  static int __devinit snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
  					       const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
  {
  	static int dev;
  	struct snd_card *card;
  	int res;
  
  	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
  		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
  			break;
  	}
  	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
  		return -ENODEV;
  
  	res = snd_es18xx_card_new(dev, &card);
  	if (res < 0)
  		return res;
  
  	if ((res = snd_audiodrive_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
  		snd_card_free(card);
  		return res;
  	}
  	snd_card_set_dev(card, &pcard->card->dev);
  	if ((res = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
  		snd_card_free(card);
  		return res;
  	}
  
  	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
  	dev++;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static void __devexit snd_audiodrive_pnpc_remove(struct pnp_card_link * pcard)
  {
  	snd_card_free(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
  	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, NULL);
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard), state);
  }
  
  static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
  {
  	return snd_es18xx_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
  }
  
  #endif
  
  static struct pnp_card_driver es18xx_pnpc_driver = {
  	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
  	.name = "es18xx",
  	.id_table = snd_audiodrive_pnpids,
  	.probe = snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect,
  	.remove = __devexit_p(snd_audiodrive_pnpc_remove),
  #ifdef CONFIG_PM
  	.suspend	= snd_audiodrive_pnpc_suspend,
  	.resume		= snd_audiodrive_pnpc_resume,
  #endif
  };
  #endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
  
  static int __init alsa_card_es18xx_init(void)
  {
  	int err;
  
  	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_es18xx_isa_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  	if (!err)
  		isa_registered = 1;
  
  	err = pnp_register_driver(&es18xx_pnp_driver);
  	if (!err)
  		pnp_registered = 1;
  
  	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&es18xx_pnpc_driver);
  	if (!err)
  		pnpc_registered = 1;
  
  	if (isa_registered || pnp_registered)
  		err = 0;
  #endif
  	return err;
  }
  
  static void __exit alsa_card_es18xx_exit(void)
  {
  #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
  	if (pnpc_registered)
  		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&es18xx_pnpc_driver);
  	if (pnp_registered)
  		pnp_unregister_driver(&es18xx_pnp_driver);
  	if (isa_registered)
  #endif
  		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_es18xx_isa_driver);
  }
  
  module_init(alsa_card_es18xx_init)
  module_exit(alsa_card_es18xx_exit)
  