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  </head>
  <body class="article">
  <div id="header">
  <h1>Documentation Common to Pack and Http Protocols</h1>
  </div>
  <div id="content">
  <div class="sect1">
  <h2 id="_abnf_notation">ABNF Notation</h2>
  <div class="sectionbody">
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>ABNF notation as described by RFC 5234 is used within the protocol documents,
  except the following replacement core rules are used:</p>
  </div>
  <div class="listingblock">
  <div class="content">
  <pre>  HEXDIG    =  DIGIT / "a" / "b" / "c" / "d" / "e" / "f"</pre>
  </div>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>We also define the following common rules:</p>
  </div>
  <div class="listingblock">
  <div class="content">
  <pre>  NUL       =  %x00
    zero-id   =  40*"0"
    obj-id    =  40*(HEXDIGIT)
  
    refname  =  "HEAD"
    refname /=  "refs/" &lt;see discussion below&gt;</pre>
  </div>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>A refname is a hierarchical octet string beginning with "refs/" and
  not violating the <em>git-check-ref-format</em> command&#8217;s validation rules.
  More specifically, they:</p>
  </div>
  <div class="olist arabic">
  <ol class="arabic">
  <li>
  <p>They can include slash <code>/</code> for hierarchical (directory)
  grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
  dot <code>.</code>.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They must contain at least one <code>/</code>. This enforces the presence of a
  category like <code>heads/</code>, <code>tags/</code> etc. but the actual names are not
  restricted.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot have two consecutive dots <code>..</code> anywhere.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
  values are lower than \040, or \177 <code>DEL</code>), space, tilde <code>~</code>,
  caret <code>^</code>, colon <code>:</code>, question-mark <code>?</code>, asterisk <code>*</code>,
  or open bracket <code>[</code> anywhere.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot end with a slash <code>/</code> or a dot <code>.</code>.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot end with the sequence <code>.lock</code>.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot contain a sequence <code>@{</code>.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>They cannot contain a <code>\\</code>.</p>
  </li>
  </ol>
  </div>
  </div>
  </div>
  <div class="sect1">
  <h2 id="_pkt_line_format">pkt-line Format</h2>
  <div class="sectionbody">
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>Much (but not all) of the payload is described around pkt-lines.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>A pkt-line is a variable length binary string.  The first four bytes
  of the line, the pkt-len, indicates the total length of the line,
  in hexadecimal.  The pkt-len includes the 4 bytes used to contain
  the length&#8217;s hexadecimal representation.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>A pkt-line MAY contain binary data, so implementors MUST ensure
  pkt-line parsing/formatting routines are 8-bit clean.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>A non-binary line SHOULD BE terminated by an LF, which if present
  MUST be included in the total length.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>The maximum length of a pkt-line&#8217;s data component is 65520 bytes.
  Implementations MUST NOT send pkt-line whose length exceeds 65524
  (65520 bytes of payload + 4 bytes of length data).</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>Implementations SHOULD NOT send an empty pkt-line ("0004").</p>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>A pkt-line with a length field of 0 ("0000"), called a flush-pkt,
  is a special case and MUST be handled differently than an empty
  pkt-line ("0004").</p>
  </div>
  <div class="listingblock">
  <div class="content">
  <pre>  pkt-line     =  data-pkt / flush-pkt
  
    data-pkt     =  pkt-len pkt-payload
    pkt-len      =  4*(HEXDIG)
    pkt-payload  =  (pkt-len - 4)*(OCTET)
  
    flush-pkt    = "0000"</pre>
  </div>
  </div>
  <div class="paragraph">
  <p>Examples (as C-style strings):</p>
  </div>
  <div class="listingblock">
  <div class="content">
  <pre>  pkt-line          actual value
    ---------------------------------
    "0006a\n"         "a\n"
    "0005a"           "a"
    "000bfoobar\n"    "foobar\n"
    "0004"            ""</pre>
  </div>
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