Kekaisaran Maurya

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Outline of South Asian history
Palaeolithic (2,500,000–250,000 BC) Madrasian Culture Soanian Culture
Neolithic (10,800–3300 BC) Bhirrana Culture (7570–6200 BC) Mehrgarh Culture (7000–3300 BC) Edakkal Culture (5000–3000 BC)
Chalcolithic (3500–1500 BC) Anarta tradition (c. 3950–1900 BC) Ahar-Banas Culture (3000–1500 BC) Pandu Culture (1600–1500 BC) Malwa Culture (1600–1300 BC) Jorwe Culture (1400–700 BC)
Bronze Age (3300–1300 BC) Indus Valley Civilisation(3300–1300 BC) – Early Harappan Culture(3300–2600 BC) – Mature Harappan Culture(2600–1900 BC) – Late Harappan Culture(1900–1300 BC) Vedic Civilisation(2000–500 BC) – Ochre Coloured Pottery culture(2000–1600 BC) – Swat culture(1600–500 BC)
Iron Age (1500–200 BC) Vedic Civilisation(1500–500 BC) – Janapadas (1500–600 BC) – Black and Red ware culture(1300–1000 BC) – Painted Grey Ware culture (1200–600 BC) – Northern Black Polished Ware (700–200 BC) Pradyota Dynasty (799–684 BC) Haryanka Dynasty (684–424 BC) Three Crowned Kingdoms (c. 600 BC – AD 1600) Maha Janapadas (c. 600–300 BC) Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Ror Dynasty (450 BC – AD 489) Shaishunaga Dynasty (424–345 BC) Nanda Empire (380–321 BC) Macedonian Empire (330–323 BC) Maurya Empire (321–184 BC) Seleucid India (312–303 BC) Pandya Empire (c. 300 BC – AD 1345) Chera Kingdom (c. 300 BC – AD 1102) Chola Empire (c. 300 BC – AD 1279) Pallava Empire (c. 250 BC – AD 800) Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire (c. 250 BC – c. AD 500) Parthian Empire (247 BC – AD 224)
Middle Kingdoms (230 BC – AD 1206) Satavahana Empire (230 BC – AD 220) Kuninda Kingdom (200 BC – AD 300) Mitra Dynasty (c. 150 – c. 50 BC) Shunga Empire (185–73 BC) Indo-Greek Kingdom (180 BC – AD 10) Kanva Empire (75–26 BC) Indo-Scythian Kingdom (50 BC – AD 400) Indo-Parthian Kingdom (AD 21 – c. 130) Western Satrap Empire (AD 35–405 ) Kushan Empire (AD 60–240) Bharshiva Dynasty (170–350) Nagas of Padmavati (210–340) Sasanian Empire (224–651) Indo-Sassanid Kingdom (230–360) Vakataka Empire (c. 250 – c. 500) Kalabhras Empire (c. 250 – c. 600) Gupta Empire (280–550) Kadamba Empire (345–525) Western Ganga Kingdom (350–1000) Kamarupa Kingdom (350–1100) Vishnukundina Empire (420–624) Maitraka Empire (475–767) Huna Kingdom (475–576) Rai Kingdom (489–632) Kabul Shahi Empire (c. 500 – 1026) Chalukya Empire (543–753) Maukhari Empire (c. 550 – c. 700) Harsha Empire (606–647) Tibetan Empire (618–841) Eastern Chalukya Kingdom (624–1075) Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) Gurjara-Pratihara Empire (650–1036) Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) Pala Empire (750–1174) Rashtrakuta Empire (753–982) Paramara Kingdom (800–1327) Yadava Empire (850–1334) Chaulukya Kingdom (942–1244) Western Chalukya Empire (973–1189) Lohara Kingdom (1003–1320) Hoysala Empire (1040–1347) Sena Empire (1070–1230) Eastern Ganga Empire (1078–1434) Kakatiya Kingdom (1083–1323) Zamorin Kingdom (1102–1766) Kalachuris of Tripuri (675-1210) Kalachuris of Kalyani (1156–1184) Chutiya Kingdom (1187–1673) Deva Kingdom (c. 1200 – c. 1300)
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Early modern period (1526–1858) Mughal Empire (1526–1858) Sur Empire (1540–1556) Madurai Kingdom (1559–1736) Thanjavur Kingdom (1572–1918) Bengal Subah (1576–1757) Marava Kingdom (1600–1750) Thondaiman Kingdom (1650–1948) Maratha Empire (1674–1818) Sikh Confederacy (1707–1799) Travancore Kingdom (1729–1947) Sikh Empire (1799–1849)
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Kekaisaran Maurya diperintah oleh Dinasti Maurya yang didirikan oleh Candragupta di Pataliputra (sekarang disebut Patna) di Magadha, India timur laut. Pada 322 SM, Chandragupta naik tahta hasil dari kudeta yang dipimpinnya dari dinasti Nanda. Pada masa pemerintahan Chandragupta merupakan persinggungan antara India dengan bangsa asing, tepatnya kekaisaran Macedonia yang dipimpin oleh Alexander Agung. Peristiwa ini berlangsung 2 tahun sebelum Chandragupta naik tahta. Kedatangan Macedonia selain dengan maksud politis, juga dengan maksud menyebarkan kebudayaan barat ke timur. Pasca ekspansi bangsa barat adalah kemunculan budaya hellenisme, yakni perpaduan antara budaya timur dengan budaya barat (helenis: Yunani, yangg sedang berkembang saat itu).
Chandragupta naik tahta beberapa saat pasca kematian Alexander Agung. Ia berhasil menguasai daerah yang sebelumnya dikuasai oleh Macedonia, dan bahkan berhasil menjalin hubungan dengan musuh Alexander Agung, Seloucos Nicator (penguasa Yunani di Asia Barat) yang kemudian banyak membantu Chandragupta dalam menuliskan sejarah India.
Menurut kitab Wisnu Purana, jumlah raja-raja Dinasti Maurya ada sepuluh dan memerintah selama 137 tahun:
Candragupta
Bindusara
Asoka-wardhana
Suyasas
Dasaratha
Sanggata
Salisuka
Somasarman
Sasadharman
Brihadratha
Nama-nama ini kadangkala agak berbeda-beda ejaannya.


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Kategori:Dinasti Maurya