anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are risks of taking ashwagandha?
Answer: Talk to a doctor before using ashwagandha if you have any health conditions, including cancer, diabetes, thyroid problems, bleeding disorders, ulcers, lupus, multiple sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. Ashwagandha might interfere with thyroid tests. Stop taking ashwagandha two weeks before surgery.
Question: What are interactions of ashwagandha?
Answer: If you take any drugs or supplements regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using ashwagandha supplements. They could interact with sedatives, blood thinners, thyroid supplements, drugs that suppress the immune system, and drugs for anxiety, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Ashwagandha might also interact with supplements that cause sleepiness, like St. John's wort, kava, valerian, and others.
Question: Why do people take ashwagandha?
Answer: However, the practical benefits and risks for people aren't clear yet. One study found that a compound containing ashwagandha helped relive osteoarthritis symptoms. It's not clear which of the ingredients had the benefit since ashwaganda is traditionally used in combination with other herbs. Ashwagandha might help lower blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes and lower high cholesterol. Since ashwagandha has sedative effects, it could help ease anxiety and stress -- in fact, human studies have indicated as much.
Question: What is ashwagandha?
Answer: It is high in iron and has been shown to help increase hemoglobin levels. In some parts of the world, people eat ashwagandha shoots, seeds, and fruit.
Question: What is Rett syndrome?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Rett syndrome is a rare, severe neurological disorder that affects mostly girls. It's usually discovered in the first two years of life, and a child's diagnosis with Rett syndrome can feel overwhelming. Although there's no cure, early identification and treatment may help girls and families who are affected by Rett syndrome. In the past, it was felt to be part of the Autism Spectrum Disorder. We now know that it is mostly genetically based.
Question: How effective are treatments for Rett syndrome?
Answer: The best options available to treat Rett syndrome include: Standard medical care and medication Physical therapy Speech therapy Occupational therapy Good nutrition Behavioral therapy Supportive services Experts believe that therapy can help girls with Rett syndrome and their parents. Some girls may be able to go to school and learn better social interaction. Medicines can treat some of the problems with movement in Rett syndrome. Medication can also help control seizures. Many girls with Rett syndrome can live at least into middle age. Researchers are studying women with the disease, which was only widely recognized in the last 20 years.
Question: What causes Rett syndrome?
Answer: Most children with Rett syndrome have a mutation on the X chromosome. Exactly what this gene does, or how its mutation leads to Rett syndrome, isn't clear. Researchers believe that the single gene may influence many other genes involved in development. Although Rett syndrome is genetic, children almost never inherit the faulty gene from their parents. Rather, it's a chance mutation that happens in DNA. When boys develop the Rett syndrome mutation, they rarely live past birth. Males have only one X chromosome (instead of the two girls have), so the effects of the disease are much more serious, and almost always fatal.
Question: How does Rett syndrome develop?
Answer: The age when symptoms appear varies, but most babies with Rett syndrome seem to grow normally for the first 6 months before any signs of the disorder are obvious. The most common changes usually show up when babies are between 12 and 18 months, and they can be sudden or progress slowly.
Question: How does surgery work to treat hypospadias?
Answer: There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. But many cases of hypospadias call for surgery to move the urethra and opening. This procedure often includes straightening the penis. The goal of surgical correction is to create a penis with normal function and appearance with a urethral opening as close as possible to the ventral tip of the penis.
Question: What are the types of hypospadias?
Answer: There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone.
Question: What complication's can hypospadias cause?
Answer: But boys with hypospadias are born with the location of the opening ranging anywhere within the head or shaft of penis, the scrotum, or perineum Hypospadias is pretty common and can sometimes be left as is. Depending on where the opening is on your son's penis, he cmight have problems having children because his sperm might not be able to effectively fertilize an egg. Keeping it clean may be hard, too. If his hypospadias isn't corrected early, a boy may have to sit down when he pees. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone.
Question: What is the procedure for surgery to treat hypospadias?
Answer: But doctors can do surgery to fix the problem when needed. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone. Children who get this surgery are usually between 3 months and 18 months old. The child is anesthetized -- not awake -- during the surgery.
Question: What causes hypospadias?
Answer: They think some of the reasons could be: Genetics. It's more likely if the boy has a father or brother who were born with it. Fertility treatments. The mother may have used hormone therapy or medicine to help her get pregnant.. There's more chance a baby will be born with hypospadia if his mom is overweight and over age 35, has diabetes prior to her pregnancy Expsoure to smoking or pesticides Premature You can reduce your baby's chances of hypospadias while you're pregnant. There are three kinds, depending on where the urethra opening is located: Near the head of the penis (subcoronal) Along the shaft of the penis (midshaft) Where the penis and scrotum meet, or on the scrotum (penoscrotal) If the location of the opening is near the tip, the penis often works well enough to leave it alone.
Question: How does progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) work?
Answer: Here is how it works; While inhaling, contract one muscle group (for example your upper thighs) for 5 seconds to 10 seconds, then exhale and suddenly release the tension in that muscle group. Give yourself 10 seconds to 20 seconds to relax, and then move on to the next muscle group (for example your buttocks). While releasing the tension, try to focus on the changes you feel when the muscle group is relaxed. Imagery may be helpful in conjunction with the release of tension, such as imagining that stressful feelings are flowing out of your body as you relax each muscle group. Gradually work your way up the body contracting and relaxing muscle groups.
Question: Who first came up with progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)?
Answer: The technique of progressive muscle relaxation was described by Edmund Jacobson in the 1930s and is based upon his premise that mental calmness is a natural result of physical relaxation. Progressive muscle relaxation can be learned by nearly anyone and requires only 10 minutes to 20 minutes per day to practice.
Question: What is progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) for stress and insomnia?
Answer: Progressive muscle relaxation is based upon the simple practice of tensing, or tightening, one muscle group at a time followed by a relaxation phase with release of the tension. Doctors have used progressive muscle relaxation in combination with standard treatments for symptom relief in a number of conditions, including headaches, cancer pain, high blood pressure, and digestive disturbances.
Question: What do practitioners recommend when doing progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)?
Answer: Progressive muscle relaxation is based upon the simple practice of tensing, or tightening, one muscle group at a time followed by a relaxation phase with release of the tension. You can practice this technique seated or lying down, and you should try to practice with comfortable clothing on, and in a quiet place free of all distractions.
Question: What are the side effects of the Td vaccine?
Answer: Mild side effects of Tdap may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache Tiredness Stomach upset, including nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Muscle aches and pains Swollen glands Mild side effects of Td may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache In some people, these side effects may be more intense. They may temporarily interfere with daily activities. Severe swelling of the arm has been reported in three out of 100 people receiving either Tdap or Td. About one in 250 adults who receive the Tdap vaccine develop a fever of 102 F or higher.
Question: What is tetanus?
Answer: Tetanus enters the body through a wound or cut. It affects the brain and nervous system and causes extremely painful muscle spasms. Spasms of the jaw can make it impossible for you to open your mouth. This condition is often called "lockjaw." Tetanus kills one out of five people infected with the disease.
Question: What is pertussis?
Answer: Pertussis, or whooping cough, is an extremely contagious respiratory infection that can lead to severe breathing problems, especially in infants. Pertussis first appears like an ordinary cold, but then causes intense, uncontrollable coughing spells. A "whoop" noise is heard when the person tries to take a breath after coughing.
Question: What is Tdap and Td vaccine?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Tdap is a combination vaccine that protects against three potentially life-threatening bacterial diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough). Td is a booster vaccine for tetanus and diphtheria. It does not protect against pertussis.
Question: Who needs a Tdap vaccine?
Answer: Tdap is given only once during your lifetime. However, you may need routine booster shots of the Td vaccine every 10 years to adequately protect you against tetanus and diphtheria.
Question: What has been found in clinical trials of the Tdap vaccine?
Answer: During clinical trials of Tdap, two adults developed temporary nervous system problems. It's unknown whether this was due to the vaccine or not. In rare cases, vaccination with Tdap or Td has led to extreme swelling of the arm where the shot was given.
Question: What are the mild side effects of Tdap vaccine?
Answer: Mild side effects of Tdap may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache Tiredness Stomach upset, including nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Muscle aches and pains Swollen glands Mild side effects of Td may include: Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given Mild fever Headache In some people, these side effects may be more intense.
Question: What is diphtheria?
Answer: Diphtheria is a very contagious infection that makes it difficult to breathe. In severe cases, it can cause heart and nerve damage.
Question: When should I get the Tdap vaccine?
Answer: New mothers who have never received the Tdap People who travel to countries where pertussis is common You may be given the Tdap vaccine if you have a severe cut or burn and have never received a dose before. Severe cuts or burns raise your risk for tetanus. The Tdap vaccine can be given any time of the year. Only one shot is needed. It may be given with other vaccinations. Tdap can be given regardless of the interval since the last Td vaccine was given. The Tdap vaccine can be used safely for those ages 65 and over, according to 2013 CDC recommendations.
Question: Who should not get the vaccine?
Answer: You should not receive the vaccine if you have had: A serious allergic reaction to any of the vaccine ingredients in the past A coma or seizures within a week of receiving childhood vaccinations for pertussis (such as DTa P), unless the vaccine was not the cause; Td can be used in these cases.
Question: When should adults be vaccinated with Tdap?
Answer: New mothers who have never received the Tdap People who travel to countries where pertussis is common You may be given the Tdap vaccine if you have a severe cut or burn and have never received a dose before.
Question: What are the side effects and risks of Tdap and Td vaccine?
Answer: Like all medicines, vaccines can have side effects. However, the chance of a life-threatening reaction is small. The CDC says the dangers of developing pertussis, tetanus, or diphtheria far outweigh the risks of vaccination.
Question: When should I talk to my doctor about getting Tdap vaccine?
Answer: If you have had any of the following, talk to your doctor about whether the Tdap or Td vaccine is right for you: Epilepsy or another nervous system problem Guillain- BarrÃ© syndrome ( GBS) A history of severe swelling or pain after receiving a pertussis, tetanus, or diphtheria vaccination in the past If you are moderately to severely ill (your doctor may recommend waiting to get the shot until after you recover); the CDC says you can still get the vaccine if you have a mild illness such as a cold or low-grade fever.
Question: What should I know about Tdap vaccination?
Answer: Td is a booster vaccine for tetanus and diphtheria. Tdap stands for tetanus and diphtheria toxoids with acellular pertussis. It is marketed under the brand names Adacel and Boostrix. Tdap is an inactive vaccine, which means it is made using dead bacteria. The dead germs cannot make you sick. Tdap is not the same as DTa P, the vaccine used for children to prevent the same diseases.
Question: Can adults have allergic reactions to Tdap or Td vaccines?
Answer: You should not receive the vaccine if you have had: A serious allergic reaction to any of the vaccine ingredients in the past A coma or seizures within a week of receiving childhood vaccinations for pertussis (such as DTa P), unless the vaccine was not the cause; Td can be used in these cases. This generally happens in less than one in a million doses. Most of the time, such reactions occur within a few minutes of receiving the vaccine. The following can be signs of a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis: Behavior changes Breathing difficulty, including wheezing Dizziness Hoarse voice High fever Hives Pale skin Rapid heart beat Weakness Seek immediate medical care if you notice any of these signs after receiving the Tdap or Td vaccines.
Question: How common is pertussis?
Answer: Waning immunity and inadequate vaccination -- many parents choose not to vaccinate their children -- have led to a resurgence of the disease in the U. S. in recent years. Outbreaks of pertussis among adolescents and adults have been reported in several states. Only one shot is needed.
Question: What is a slit-lamp test to help diagnose eye stroke?
Answer: You sit in front of a special microscope. It shines a narrow line of light in your eye so your doctor can look for anything unusual.
Question: What happens when you get fluorescein angiography to help find out if you had an eye stroke?
Answer: Your doctor injects a harmless dye in your arm. It moves through your bloodstream to your retina. A special camera takes pictures of your eye to show which blood vessels are blocked.
Question: What is a visual field test if you might have had an eye stroke?
Answer: You look into a machine and click a button each time you see a light. It checks if you lost any peripheral vision, which is what you see out the sides of your eyes.
Question: How is eye stroke treated?
Answer: Minutes count in order to save your vision after an eye stroke. You may avoid lasting injury if doctors can clear the central artery blockage and restore blood flows within 90-100 minutes. But after 4 hours, the blockage could damage your vision for good.
Question: What type of eye stroke is central retinal occlusion?
Answer: You may notice: Loss of all or part of your sight Not able to see out of side of your eyes Blurry or distorted vision Blind spots The most common type of eye stroke is called central retinal artery occlusion. It can leave you with little useful vision. You might be able to see a hand move, but not much more. Rarely, your vision might return on its own. If you have the less serious blockage in the smaller arteries, your vision may go back to normal about 80% of the time.
Question: How can optical coherence tomography help in the diagnosis of eye stroke?
Answer: You get drops to dilate your pupils. Then a machine scans your eyes to make a detailed image of the retina. If your doctor thinks a clot from another part of the body caused the blockage, she may suggest other tests to look for problems in your arteries and heart. She also may order blood tests to check for clotting disorders and your cholesterol levels.
Question: How can paracentesis help treat eye stroke?
Answer: A specialist uses a small needle to remove a few drops of fluid from the front of your eye. This reduces pressure, which may increase blood flow in the retina.
Question: What are symptoms of eye stroke?
Answer: Other things that make a retinal artery occlusion more likely include: Being 40 or older Being a man Smoking Trauma to the eye Damage from radiation treatments Kidney disease Clotting disorders such as sickle cell disease Birth control pills Carotid artery disease Abnormal heart rhythms like atrial fibrillation Vasculitis, an inflammation of the blood vessel wall Pregnancy The main sign of eye stroke is a sudden change in sight. It almost always happens in only one eye. You usually won't feel any pain. You may notice: Loss of all or part of your sight Not able to see out of side of your eyes Blurry or distorted vision Blind spots The most common type of eye stroke is called central retinal artery occlusion.
Question: How can medications help with treating eye stroke?
Answer: You may get drugs to bust clots or to lower the pressure in your eyes. These include drugs used for glaucoma, like acetazolamide ( Diamox).
Question: How can eye massage help with treating eye stroke?
Answer: Your doctor may try one or more of the following treatments: Eye massage. Your doctor will massage your closed eyelid with a finger to dislodge the clot.
Question: Can you prevent eye stroke?
Answer: You usually get an eye stroke because of another medical issue, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. So keep your cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in check. If you have diabetes, get your eyes checked every year.
Question: What makes eye stroke more likely?
Answer: If you have a condition that affects the blood vessels -- including diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or heart disease -- it can raise your chances of an eye stroke.
Question: What is carbon-dioxide-oxygen to help treat eye stroke?
Answer: You breathe in a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen to increase blood flow to the retina. It also widens the arteries.
Question: How is eye stroke diagnosed?
Answer: She may ask you to read an eye chart. She'll also put drops in your eyes to open up your pupils and use an ophthalmoscope to check your retina for any blockages or bleeding. Your doctor will massage your closed eyelid with a finger to dislodge the clot.
Question: Can you have a stroke in your eye?
Answer: It can cause blurry vision and even blindness. Arteries carry blood to the retina from the heart. Without blood flow, the cells in the retina don't get enough oxygen. They can start to die within minutes or hours. An eye stroke is an emergency. If you don't get treated right away, you can damage your vision permanently. This reduces pressure, which may increase blood flow in the retina.
Question: What can you do to prevent migraine headaches from alcohol?
Answer: You can also try to: Have alcohol with a meal. This may lower the chance of bringing on a migraine. Don't drink when you're stressed. It's linked to a higher number of migraine headaches. Skip home hangover remedies. There's no proof that drinking raw eggs or downing hot sauce will get rid of your morning-after migraine faster. Downing more alcohol (the âhair of the dogâ theory) won't help either. Try triptans. Ask your doctor if this medicine might help. It can't prevent a migraine, but it can help stop one after it starts. Triptans work best when you take them at the early signs of a migraine. Still, they can cause serious health risks for many people.
Question: What can trigger migraine headaches?
Answer: Many things can trigger a migraine, from stress at work to changes in the weather and foods like aged cheese. And for about one-third of people who have these headaches, alcohol is also a trigger.
Question: Can home hangover remedies help migraine headaches?
Answer: There's no proof that drinking raw eggs or downing hot sauce will get rid of your morning-after migraine faster. Downing more alcohol (the âhair of the dogâ theory) won't help either.
Question: How can triptans help treat migraine headaches?
Answer: Ask your doctor if this medicine might help. It can't prevent a migraine, but it can help stop one after it starts. Triptans work best when you take them at the early signs of a migraine. Still, they can cause serious health risks for many people.
Question: What are symptoms of migraine triggered by alcohol?
Answer: Alcohol can cause two different types of migraine headaches. You could get a headache within 30 minutes to 3 hours of drinking. You don't have to chug a large amount for this to happen. Some people only sip a glass or two of wine before their head starts to throb. Or you might be fine until after your blood alcohol level returns to normal. This is called a delayed alcohol-induced headache ( DAIH). It may not show up until the morning after you drink. This type of headache can happen to anyone, but people with migraines are more likely to get one. It can happen even if you drink less than people who don't get migraine headaches.
Question: What are the symptoms of a migraine headache caused by alcohol?
Answer: But if you're prone to migraine headaches, drinking even a small amount of alcohol can bring on an attack. You could get a headache within 30 minutes to 3 hours of drinking. You don't have to chug a large amount for this to happen. Some people only sip a glass or two of wine before their head starts to throb. Or you might be fine until after your blood alcohol level returns to normal. This is called a delayed alcohol-induced headache ( DAIH). It may not show up until the morning after you drink. This type of headache can happen to anyone, but people with migraines are more likely to get one. It can happen even if you drink less than people who don't get migraine headaches.