anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How are benign breast conditions caused by fibrocystic changes treated?
Answer: They don't require treatment, but your doctor may recommend ways to ease monthly tenderness.
Question: Does a breast lump mean infection?
Answer: Sometimes a painful lump, with or without redness, is the first sign of an infection. Mastitis is an infection most common in breastfeeding moms. It happens when bacteria get into the mammary ducts through your nipple. Infection happens in small pockets. You'll feel tender, warm lumps in your breast. For relief, try a hot shower and let the warm water flow over your breasts. A warm compress can also help. Sometimes your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic.
Question: When should you call your doctor about breast lumps?
Answer: If you notice any breast changes, call your doctor right away to get it checked, but don't panic. Most breast lumps are benign, which means they're not cancer. Benign breast lumps usually have smooth edges and can be moved slightly when you push against them. They are often found in both breasts.
Question: What causes benign breast lumps?
Answer: There are several common causes, including normal changes in breast tissue, breast infections, or injury.
Question: How are benign breast conditions caused by traumatic fat necrosis treated?
Answer: It can be hard to tell if a lump from traumatic fat necrosis is that or something else until your doctor does a biopsy. These usually don't need to be treated. But if the lump bothers you, the doctor can remove it.
Question: What will happen during your appointment for breast lumps?
Answer: Clear or bloody fluid coming out of the nipple Red skin on your breast or nipple The doctor will ask questions about your health history. They'll perform a breast exam to feel for lumps or other changes in the breast tissue and under your arms. If there's fluid coming out of your nipple, the doctor may order blood tests to check hormone levels and collect a sample to check for abnormal cells. They may also do a mammogram or ultrasound to see if the lump is solid or filled with fluid. Your doctor may order a test called a biopsy. He'll take a tiny sample of the lump with a needle or small cut and send it to a lab.
Question: How often does breast tissue change?
Answer: Breast tissue changes during a woman's entire life. It is sensitive to changing hormone levels during the menstrual cycle.
Question: Can men get breast lumps?
Answer: They are often found in both breasts. They can cause bleeding from the nipple. This noncancerous condition is called gynecomastia.
Question: What at home solutions can help my sinuses?
Answer: Use a saline solution to remove allergens, irritants, and excess mucus. You can use a drugstore saline spray. Or make your own solution at home and use a nasal irrigation system like a Neti pot, a gadget that looks like a teapot. You can get one at the drugstore.
Question: Can antihistamine allergy medicines treat sinus problems?
Answer: Antihistamine allergy medicines may help if your sinus problems are related to allergies. Over-the-counter products include cetirizine, diphenhydramine, fexofenadine, and loratadine. If your problems don't go away, talk to your doctor about getting an allergy skin test.
Question: How can decongestants treat sinus problems?
Answer: Decongestants reduce the swelling in your nose and can ease stuffiness and sinus pressure, too. You can get them in more than one form. Here's what to look for on the ingredients list: Nasal sprays: oxymetazoline or phenylephrine Pills: phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine A word of caution: Don't use a nasal decongestant spray for more than 3 days, and don't use a decongestant you take by mouth for more than 7 days.
Question: How does climate affect my sinus problems?
Answer: A dry climate and heated indoor air will both dry out the membranes in your nose. And when the mucus up in there dries, it gets thicker and is more likely to clog your sinuses. The result? Pain and pressure. The best solution: Get a room humidifier for your bedroom and use it while you're running the heat.
Question: Will a HEPA air filter help my sinuses?
Answer: Should you get a HEPA air filter for your bedroom or office? That depends on what irritates your sinuses. These filters are good at removing airborne particles related to dust mites, pollen, and pet dander. But those don't just stay in the air. They settle in your carpets, upholstery, and other areas. If allergies cause your sinus problems, ask your doctor if a HEPA air filter makes sense for you.
Question: How can you open up your sinuses to fight sinus problems?
Answer: Apply a warm, moist washcloth to your face several times a day. This can help open up spaces in your sinuses. To keep them moist, inhale steam two to four times a day. One simple way to get it done: Sit in the bathroom with a hot shower running. Drink plenty of fluids, too. That'll thin out your mucus and help you get rid of it.
Question: How can I make my own saline solution for a neti pot?
Answer: Or make your own solution at home and use a nasal irrigation system like a Neti pot, a gadget that looks like a teapot. You can get one at the drugstore. To make your own saline mixture, mix 3 teaspoons of salt with 1 teaspoon of baking soda and store in a sterile airtight container. To use, combine about 8 ounces of lukewarm water (distilled, sterile or previously boiled) with 1 teaspoon of the mixture. Place the spout into your top nostril and gently pour the solution in. The saline water will flow through your nasal cavity into the other nostril and out. Blow your nose to get rid of remaining water. Repeat the steps on your other nostril.
Question: Can you have an allergic reaction to silver fillings?
Answer: Allergic reactions to silver fillings are rare. Fewer than 100 cases have ever been reported, according to the American Dental Association. In these rare circumstances, mercury or one of the metals used in an amalgam restoration is thought to trigger the allergic response. Symptoms of amalgam allergy are similar to those experienced in a typical skin allergy and include skin rashes and itching. Patients who suffer amalgam allergies typically have a medical or family history of allergies to metals.
Question: What are the recommended treatments for an enlarged prostate?
Answer: The AUA recommends the following treatment for an enlarged prostate based on the severity of symptoms: Mild symptoms that don't bother you ( AUA score 0 to 7): If you are not bothered by your symptoms, and they don't affect your daily life, watchful waiting is the best option for you. You should get regular checkups to make sure that you are not developing complications. Moderate to severe symptoms ( AUA score of 8 or more): If you are not bothered by your symptoms, you may choose watchful waiting. However, if your symptoms do start to interfere, you may choose medication, a minimally invasive procedure, or surgery. Moderate to severe symptoms ( AUA score of 8 or more) with complications: If symptoms are bothersome and you have developed complications such as inability to urinate, you may need a catheter, surgery, or other treatment.
Question: What are side effects in treating enlarged prostate?
Answer: Side effects of treatments: Some BPH treatments cause erection problems, although that risk is low. Men who have normal erections before surgery will not likely have trouble afterward. Some treatments cause retrograde ejaculation (the man ejaculates into the bladder instead of through the urethra). Fertility can also be affected, but is still possible with newer assisted reproductive techniques.
Question: When should I talk to my doctor about enlarged prostate?
Answer: If your enlarged prostate symptoms are mild and not bothersome, there's likely no need for treatment. One-third of men with mild BPH find that their symptoms clear up without treatment. They may just watch and wait. However, when enlarged prostate symptoms are bothersome or are affecting your quality of life or overall health, it's time to talk to your doctor about the treatment options. Together you will determine if you would benefit most from medication, a minimally invasive procedure, or surgery. It's important to talk with a doctor when you begin noticing changes in urinary function. You need to find out what's going on so you can be treated for enlarged prostate if necessary. For many men, especially those who are young when the prostate starts growing, getting early treatment can head off complications later on.
Question: How can a Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Symptom Index help you assess the symptoms of an enlarged prostate?
Answer: A score of 0 to 7 is considered a mild symptom score; 8 or over is considered moderate to severe. The AUA recommends the following treatment for an enlarged prostate based on the severity of symptoms: Mild symptoms that don't bother you ( AUA score 0 to 7): If you are not bothered by your symptoms, and they don't affect your daily life, watchful waiting is the best option for you. Am I ready to do something about this problem?
Question: What happens after you have a urine culture?
Answer: Your sample goes to a lab. Drops of your pee are put in a petri dish and stored at body temperature. Over the next few days, any bacteria or yeast in the sample will multiply and grow. A lab worker will look at the germs under the microscope. Their size, shape, and color tell which types are there. The lab worker will note how many are growing. If there are no harmful germs, the culture is called ânegative.â If there are bad germs growing, it's âpositive.â The most common thing that causes UTI's is E-coli â bacteria that live in your intestines. The lab may do more testing to see which drugs have the best chance of fighting the infection.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by a blood clot?
Answer: Most deep-vein blood clots happen in the lower leg or thigh. They're more likely to happen if you're inactive for long periods, like on a long flight or car ride. You're also at risk if you're overweight, or you smoke, or take certain medications. There's a chance a clot could break off into your bloodstream and travel to an artery in the lungs. If so, it could block blood flow. This is a serious condition called pulmonary embolism.
Question: What can you do to treat lower leg pain caused by broken bones or sprains?
Answer: Try the RICE treatment: rest, ice, compression, and elevation. For a more severe sprain or a broken bone (fracture), apply ice and see your doctor right away. You may need a cast or brace. You may also need physical therapy.
Question: What does recovery look like from lower leg pain caused by broken bones or sprains?
Answer: It will take time, but gradually you'll be able to walk comfortably, again. Go slow as you gradually increase your strength and put weight on the injured leg.
Question: What can you do to treat lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease?
Answer: Other treatments include medications to control cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure. Some people need surgery to improve blood flow to the area.
Question: What can you do to relieve lower leg pain caused by varicose veins?
Answer: Try support stockings to relieve the pain. And throughout the day, switch between standing and sitting. See your doctor about other types of treatment if your varicose veins are very painful.
Question: What should you do if you think you have lower leg pain because of a blood clot?
Answer: If you think you might have a blood clot, go to your doctor or emergency room right away.
Question: What can you do to relieve lower leg pain caused by shin splints?
Answer: Rest your legs to feel better. Ice helps. So can anti-inflammatory meds such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen, if your doctor says these are safe for you. You can buy them over the counter. You might want to see your doctor if the pain stays. Try not to do anything that makes your leg hurt more. Once it feels a little better, do some stretches. The next time out, wear comfortable, supportive shoes. And don't run on hard surfaces if possible.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by shin splints?
Answer: You can feel this pain right up the front of your calf. The muscles and flesh along the edge of the shin bone become inflamed, so it hurts to walk, run, or jump. Doing activity over and over on hard surfaces can bring this on. You may also be more likely to get shin splints if you have flat feet or your feet turn outward.
Question: What can you do to prevent getting lower leg pain caused by blood clots?
Answer: Try support stockings to relieve the pain.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by varicose veins?
Answer: You might be familiar with these, because you can see them at the surface of the skin. They appear to be twisted, dark blue or purple veins, and are caused by weak valves and vein walls. They may cause a dull ache, especially after standing.
Question: Who is more likely to get lower leg pain caused by lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease?
Answer: Other treatments include medications to control cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by muscle cramps?
Answer: It can strike in your sleep or in the middle of the day. This sudden, tight, intense lower leg pain is sometimes called a "charley horse." When it takes a grip, it can get worse quickly. It happens when your muscles are tired or dehydrated. Drink more water if you're prone to leg cramps.
Question: What can you do to relieve lower leg pain caused by lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease?
Answer: But if your arteries become severely narrowed or blocked, the pain may persist, even when you rest. Also, wounds may not heal well.
Question: How do you know if you have lower-leg pain caused by a narrowed spinal canal (stenosis) and sciatica?
Answer: A common cause of a narrowed spinal canal is arthritis of the spine. Sometimes a herniated disc puts pressure on nearby nerve roots, which can lead to symptoms of sciatica, such as: Burning, cramping leg pain when standing or sitting Numbness Tingling Fatigue Weakness Pain may begin in your back and hip, then later extend down into your leg. Rest is often the cure for other pains of the leg, but not this one. It doesn't help sciatica.
Question: What is the treatment for lower-leg pain caused by a narrowed spinal canal (stenosis) and sciatica?
Answer: Or take anti-inflammatories if your doctor says they're okay for you. The source of some pain is problems with your nerves. Physical therapy and stretching exercises are often useful. Gradually increase movement over time. Your doctor may also recommend other treatments or surgery if your pain doesn't get better.
Question: Is it normal to have lower leg pain?
Answer: It can strike in your sleep or in the middle of the day. You may also be more likely to get shin splints if you have flat feet or your feet turn outward.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by diabetic neuropathy?
Answer: A common cause of a narrowed spinal canal is arthritis of the spine. It can cause pain in both of your legs along with numbness and less sensation in the lower legs. Talk to your doctor about medications to control the pain and help manage your blood sugar levels.
Question: How do you know if your lower leg pain is caused by tendinitis?
Answer: It's a common injury that makes the tendon swell, stretch, or tear. You can get it from overworking the calf muscle or climbing the stairs. It might stick around for a long time, too. If your pain feels severe, your Achilles tendon may be torn.
Question: What can help lower leg pain?
Answer: But you can do things at home that help, too. Or take anti-inflammatories if your doctor says they're okay for you.
Question: How do I choose a pair of shoes for a 1-year-old?
Answer: Though you might be tempted to reach for the cutest shoes on the shelf, comfort and fit are the most important priorities for your baby's first pair of shoes. Go to a store that specializes in children's shoes and ask a salesperson to measure your baby's feet. Make sure there is enough room in the shoes for your baby's feet to grow. You'll probably need to go shoe shopping again in two or three months as your baby's feet continue to grow.
Question: What happens to your baby's motor skills at the 12 month mark?
Answer: Your 1-year-old should be standing alone, and may even have taken those first tentative solo steps. If she hasn't, hopefully you'll have your video camera ready to capture the moment when she does. One-year-olds are pretty good at doing a few things for themselves, such as eating with their fingers, helping their parents dress them, and turning the pages of a storybook. Your baby should be starting to use a few everyday items correctly, including a spoon, telephone, and hairbrush.
Question: What happens to your baby's communication at the 12 month mark?
Answer: In this portion of Web MD's month-by-month guide, you'll discover what baby milestones you can expect your child to achieve now that she's 1 year old. If she hasn't, hopefully you'll have your video camera ready to capture the moment when she does. Your baby's vocabulary is expanding quickly. At this point, mama really refers to mama, and dada really means dada. Be firm and let your child know that these behaviors are not acceptable. Meanwhile, reward good behaviors with praise or a treat.
Question: How can simplifying your life help you boost your mood?
Answer: If your life feels jam-packed with work and home chores, it can be hard to remember you even have an inner self. See if you can slow it down. Cut out what you can, especially when you're feeling low. Sometimes, you just need to tell yourself that it's OK to do less.
Question: How can being mindful help you boost your mood?
Answer: You simply watch your thoughts and notice the feelings on your body, all without judgment. Mindfulness works best when you set aside time to practice each day. In time, your notes will be like little crumbs that guide you on your way. It shifts your thoughts and helps you focus on the positive.
Question: What can you do if you think negative thoughts about yourself?
Answer: Tell yourself that story instead. Ask your inner voice for proof. Is it right or just a cranky loudmouth? Try to reframe whatever triggered it. If someone just treated you poorly, it may not really be about you. Maybe they're under a lot of stress and you just happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. You might want to get back to your hobbies.
Question: How can you focus on your inner self to boost your mood?
Answer: Everything from meditation to just plain having fun can be part of the plan. But remember, it's best to start small. Pick one thing that feels right for you and make a habit of it. Over time, it'll add up to bigger changes. If your life feels jam-packed with work and home chores, it can be hard to remember you even have an inner self. Sometimes, you just need to tell yourself that it's OK to do less.
Question: What are speech therapy techniques for people with autism?
Answer: Speech therapy techniques might include: Electronic "talkers" Signing or typing Using picture boards with words, known as picture exchange communication systems that start out using pictures instead of words to help a child learn to communicate Using sounds to which a person is over- or under-sensitive to expand and compress speech sounds Improving articulation of speech by massaging or exercising lips or facial muscles Having individuals sing songs composed to match the rhythm, stress, and flow of sentences Some of these techniques are supported more by research than others.
Question: What are some communication challenges in a person with autism?
Answer: A person with autism may have one or more of these communication challenges: Trouble with conversational skills, which include eye contact and gestures Trouble understanding the meaning of words outside the context where they were learned Memorization of things heard without knowing what's been said Reliance on echolalia -- the repeating of another's words as they are being said -- as the main way to communicate Little understanding of the meaning of words or symbols Lack of creative language Because of these challenges, a child with autism must do more than learn how to speak.
Question: When is the best time to start speech therapy for autism?
Answer: They may also find it very hard to interact socially. Intensive, individualized treatment can help lessen the disabling isolation that may result from this social communication disability.
Question: What are the benefits of speech therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
Answer: Speech therapy can address a wide range of communication problems for people with autism. This makes it possible for people with autism to improve their ability to form relationships and function in day-to-day life.
Question: How can journaling help with breast cancer?
Answer: It will save your energy for more important things. Journaling can help you sleep better and ease fatigue. It can also make it easier to adjust to all the changes you're going through. Have you spent more time with someone you love? Taken the chance to try something new? Keep those good things fresh in your mind by writing about them.
Question: How can I fight fatigue due to breast cancer?
Answer: You may be dealing with treatment side effects. It can also help you live longer and lower your chance of the disease coming back. Light exercise is usually safe during all breast cancer treatments, but ask your doctor if you're unsure whether to start an activity. You may get it right after treatment or up to 3 days later. Try to do something you love on the days you feel good. Spending time in nature can ease fatigue.
Question: How can I deal with energy fluctuations due to breast cancer?
Answer: Make the most of your energy. Listen to your favorite music or read a great book. Watch a funny movie or spend time with friends. Head outside. Accept help. Don't be too proud to let someone pitch in with chores like cooking or grocery shopping. It will save your energy for more important things. Journaling can help you sleep better and ease fatigue.
Question: What are some symptoms of dyscalculia?
Answer: A child with dyscalculia also may have a lot of anxiety about numbers. For example, they may panic at the thought of math homework. School-aged kids with dyscalculia may find it hard to: Estimate things, like how long something takes or the ceiling height Understand math word problems Learn basic math, like addition, subtraction, and multiplication Link a number (1) to its corresponding word (one) Understand fractions Understand graphs and charts (visual-spatial concepts) Count money or make change Remember phone numbers or ZIP codes Tell time or read clocks Any number-based or math-based activity -- even outside school -- can frustrate kids with dyscalculia. For example, a child with this learning disability may get upset with games that require constant counting or scorekeeping.
Question: How common is dyscalculia?
Answer: Up to 7% of elementary school students have dyscalculia. Research suggests it's as common as dyslexia -- a reading disorder -- but not as well understood.
Question: How can I help my child with math if she has dyscalculia?
Answer: Use graph paper. It helps keep columns and numbers straight and neat.
Question: Is dyscalculia associated with ADHD?
Answer: Your school or doctor may call it a âmathematics learning disabilityâ or a âmath disorder.â It can be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) -- up to 60% of people who have ADHD also have a learning disorder, like dyscalculia.