anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What is heart rate variability  in biofeedback?
Answer: Heart rate variability ( HRA). This measures heart rate. It may be used for anxiety, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), and irregular heartbeat. Each biofeedback therapy section lasts about 60-90 minutes. Usually, you can start to see biofeedback benefits within 10 sessions or less. Some conditions, such as high blood pressure, can take more sessions to improve.
Question: What is electrodermal activity in biofeedback?
Answer: This measures sweating and can be used for pain and anxiety.
Question: How does biofeedback help with chronic pain?
Answer: By helping you identify tight muscles and then learn to relax those muscles, biofeedback may help relieve the discomfort of conditions like low back pain, abdominal pain, temporomandibular joint disorders ( TMJ), and fibromyalgia. For pain relief, biofeedback can benefit people of all ages, from children to older adults.
Question: How does biofeedback therapy help headaches?
Answer: This measures muscle activity and tension. There is good evidence that biofeedback therapy can relax muscles and ease stress to reduce both the frequency and severity of headaches. Biofeedback seems to be especially beneficial for headaches when it's combined with medications.
Question: Can secondhand tobacco smoke cause lung cancer?
Answer: Secondhand tobacco smoke is also a cause. People who live with someone who smokes are 20% to 30% more likely to get lung cancer than those who live in a smoke-free home.
Question: Where does squamous cell carcinoma start?
Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma usually starts in the lung's largest branches, which doctors call the âcentral bronchi.â This type accounts for 30% of lung cancers, and it's more common in men and people who smoke.
Question: Besides smoking are there other causes for lung cancer?
Answer: Some genetic glitches may put some people at higher risk.
Question: What parts of the body are affected by squamous cell carcinoma?
Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma can also spread to the lymph nodes, bones, and other organs such as the liver.
Question: What affects your risk for lung cancer?
Answer: There are also other reasons. People who live with someone who smokes are 20% to 30% more likely to get lung cancer than those who live in a smoke-free home. Lung tissue that was scarred by a disease or infection, such as scleroderma or tuberculosis, becomes at risk for tumors in that tissue. Doctors call this a scar carcinoma.
Question: What are advanced symptoms of ALS?
Answer: Over time, it affects almost all of the muscles you control. ALS doesn't affect all muscles and organs in the body. The heart and bladder, for instance, usually stay healthy. Among the more advanced signs of the disease are: Weaker muscles Less muscle mass More serious chewing and swallowing problems Difficulty being understood when speaking Trouble breathing During the early stages of the disease, some forms of treatment might help give you a better quality of life. Some early ALS symptoms are the same as those of other less-serious conditions.
Question: When should you see a doctor about ALS symptoms?
Answer: A muscle cramp in your leg or a weak feeling in your hand once in a while isn't usually enough to send you to the doctor. If those feelings last for days or weeks, however, you should make an appointment. Pay attention to changes in how the muscles in your arms and legs feel. Listen to friends or family if they point out a change in your speech or how you walk. Some early ALS symptoms are the same as those of other less-serious conditions. To know for sure, don't hesitate to describe your symptoms to a doctor.
Question: How can I manage hives?
Answer: While you're waiting for hives and swelling to disappear, here are some tips: Apply cool compresses or wet cloths to the affected areas. Try to work and sleep in a cool room. Wear loose-fitting lightweight clothes.
Question: What is dermatographism?
Answer: Dermatographism: This is a common form of physical urticaria where hives form after firmly stroking or scratching the skin. These hives can also occur along with other forms of urticaria.
Question: What is acute urticaria?
Answer: There are several different types of hives, including: Acute urticaria: Hives lasting less than six weeks. The most common causes are certain foods, medications, or infections. Insect bites and internal disease may also be responsible. The most common foods that cause hives are nuts, chocolate, fish, tomatoes, eggs, fresh berries, and milk. Fresh foods cause hives more often than cooked foods. Certain food additives and preservatives may also be to blame. Drugs that can cause hives and angioedema include aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen, high blood pressure drugs ( ACE inhibitors), or painkillers such as codeine.
Question: What are hives?
Answer: Urticaria, also known as hives, is an outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques (wheals) on the skin that appear suddenly -- either as a result of the body's reaction to certain allergens, or for unknown reasons. var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && ! !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Hives usually cause itching, but may also burn or sting. They can appear anywhere on the body, including the face, lips, tongue, throat, or ears. Hives vary in size (from a pencil eraser to a dinner plate), and may join together to form larger areas known as plaques. They can last for hours, or up to one day before fading.
Question: When should I call the doctor about hives?
Answer: If hives or angioedema occur with any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor right away: Dizziness Wheezing Difficulty breathing Tightness in the chest Swelling of the tongue, lips, or face
Question: How are hives and angioedema treated?
Answer: The best treatment for hives and angiodema is to identify and remove the trigger, but this is not an easy task. Antihistamines are usually prescribed by your doctor to provide relief from symptoms. Antihistamines work best if taken on a regular schedule to prevent hives from forming in the first place. Chronic hives may be treated with antihistamines or a combination of medications. When antihistamines don't provide relief, oral corticosteroids may be prescribed. A biologic drug, omalizumab ( Xolair), is also approved to treat chronic hives in those at least 12 years of age. For severe hive or angioedema outbreaks, an injection of epinephrine (adrenaline) or a cortisone medication may be needed.
Question: What is chronic urticaria and angioedema?
Answer: Chronic urticaria and angioedema: Hives lasting more than six weeks. The cause of this type of hives is usually more difficult to identify than those causing acute urticaria. For most people with chronic urticaria, the cause is impossible to determine. In some cases, though, the cause may be thyroid disease, hepatitis, infection, or cancer. Chronic urticaria and angioedema can affect other internal organs such as the lungs, muscles, and gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms include muscle soreness, shortness of breath, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Question: What is physical urticaria?
Answer: Physical urticaria: Hives caused by direct physical stimulation of the skin -- for example, cold, heat, sun exposure, vibration, pressure, sweating, and exercise. The hives usually occur right where the skin was stimulated and rarely appear elsewhere. Most of the hives appear within one hour after exposure.
Question: What is angioedema?
Answer: Angioedema is characterized by deep swelling around the eyes and lips and sometimes of the genitals, hands, and feet. It generally lasts longer than hives, but the swelling usually goes away in less than 24 hours. Rarely, angioedema of the throat, tongue, or lungs can block the airways, causing difficulty breathing. This may become life threatening. The best treatment for hives and angiodema is to identify and remove the trigger, but this is not an easy task.
Question: How are hives and angioedema diagnosed?
Answer: Since there are no specific tests for hives -- or the associated swelling of angioedema -- testing will depend on your medical history and a thorough exam by your primary care doctor or dermatologist. Routine blood tests are done to determine if a system-wide illness is present. Antihistamines are usually prescribed by your doctor to provide relief from symptoms.
Question: What causes hives and angioedema?
Answer: Allergic hives and angioedema form when, in response to histamine, blood plasma leaks out of small blood vessels in the skin. Histamine is a chemical released from specialized cells along the skin's blood vessels. Deferred(); $(function() { require(['ia-modules/1/ia-modules.min','video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader','webmd.oauth/1/webmd.oauth'], function(ia M, video Loader, oauth){ window.webmd Video Promise.resolve(video Loader, oauth); }); }); Allergic reactions, chemicals in certain foods, insect stings, sunlight exposure, or medications can all cause histamine release. It's often impossible to find out exactly why hives have formed.
Question: Does antiretroviral therapy (ART) put HIV in remission?
Answer: It protects your immune system and stops the progression to full-blown AIDS. But it can't get rid of all the HIV.
Question: What does it mean if your human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is in remission?
Answer: Scientists haven't exactly agreed on a definition of âremissionâ as it applies to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), the virus that causes AIDS. But it generally means that HIV viral load has remained undetectable after HIV treatment has been stopped. It falls short of a âcure.â For a cure, no HIV can be found in the genetic information in the patient's cells. People who are successfully treatmed have very low levels of virus in their blood.
Question: What are risks of stem cell transplants for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
Answer: It's the longest one recorded so far. Stem cell transplants aren't likely to become a common treatment for HIV, because they can have dangerous side effects.
Question: What does research say about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remission?
Answer: But this may be changing. In rare cases, people have been able to control the virus and live well long after they quit HIV medications. Doctors and researchers hope to make it a reality for more than just a handful of people. When you stop taking the drugs, this so-called "latent HIV reservoir" wakes up and gives new life to the infection. Some researchers believe that if treatment starts early enough, it will prevent a reservoir of HIV and further treatment may not be needed. There are reports of long remissions in children who've done this. It didn't for almost a dozen years.
Question: What is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remission?
Answer: The cause of your disease isn't necessarily gone, but your immune system is able to control it. Scientists haven't exactly agreed on a definition of âremissionâ as it applies to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), the virus that causes AIDS. But it generally means that HIV viral load has remained undetectable after HIV treatment has been stopped. It falls short of a âcure.â For a cure, no HIV can be found in the genetic information in the patient's cells. It's the longest one recorded so far.
Question: How does antiretroviral therapy (ART) work in treating HIV?
Answer: If you start ART at the right time and follow your doctor's orders, you can expect to live for many years. But you'll probably need to be on the drugs for the rest of your life. Some people can't pay for the medications, and others don't want to stay on them because of side effects, such nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness. But if you quit treatment, the virus usually comes back within weeks. That's because pools of HIV are "asleep" in your body. When you stop taking the drugs, this so-called "latent HIV reservoir" wakes up and gives new life to the infection. There are reports of long remissions in children who've done this.
Question: Which foods usually cause trouble for people with ulcerative colitis?
Answer: You may want to cut these out for a while and see if your symptoms ease up: High-fiber foods like bran, nuts, seeds, and popcorn Fatty, greasy items and sauces Dairy products Alcohol Just because a food is on your problem list doesn't mean you have to give it up.
Question: What should I eat after surgery for my ulcerative colitis?
Answer: If you have an operation for your UC, your doctor will ask you to stick to a soft, bland diet while your body heals. Gradually, you can start to eat foods with more fiber. Depending on the kind of surgery you have, you might be able to eat anything after you've recovered, even things that caused problems when your UC was active.
Question: What food choices can help my  ulcerative colitis?
Answer: Try to switch from full-fat to low-fat dairy. Or tweak your cooking method: bake or broil meats instead of frying. Bake or stew vegetables rather than eating them raw or lightly cooked. You can also swap out items in the main food groups. Grains Common problem foods: Whole-grain breads, bagels, rolls, crackers, cereals, and pasta Brown or wild rice Better choices: Products made from white or refined flour White rice Vegetables and Fruits Common problem foods: Veggies such as broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts Leafy greens, including mustard, turnip, and collard greens, and spinach Most raw fruits Raisins and other dried fruits Canned cherries and berries Better choices: Well-cooked vegetables without seeds Ripe bananas, peeled apples, and melons Soft, canned fruits without added sugar Meat and Protein Common problem foods: Fried meats, such as sausage and bacon Luncheon meats, like bologna and salami Hot dogs Dried beans, peas, and nuts Better choices: Tender, well-cooked meats and poultry Fish Eggs Milk Products Common problem foods: Whole milk Half-and-half Sour cream Better choices: Buttermilk Evaporated milk Low-fat or skim milk Powdered milk Plant-based alternatives, such as soy, almond, or coconut âmilksâ Other Dairy Products Common problem foods: Full-fat cheese, ice cream, and frozen custard Yogurt with berries or nuts Better choices: Low-fat or nondairy cheese and ice cream Sherbet Smooth yogurt with live, active cultures and without nuts or berries Drinks and Sweets Common problem choices: Sweet fruit juices, sodas, or other drinks made with sugar or corn syrup Caffeinated and carbonated drinks Alcohol Sugarless gums and candies Better choices: Water Decaf coffee, tea, and sugar-free soft drinks Rehydration beverages, like sports drinks or things used to prevent dehydration in people with stomach viruses, diarrhea, etc.
Question: If I have ulcerative colitis, how can I handle lactose?
Answer: Then look for patterns. You may want to cut these out for a while and see if your symptoms ease up: High-fiber foods like bran, nuts, seeds, and popcorn Fatty, greasy items and sauces Dairy products Alcohol Just because a food is on your problem list doesn't mean you have to give it up. Using an enzyme product such as Lactaid may help as well. Also try other calcium sources, like fortified soy milk, almond milk, or other products that have calcium added to them. Canned salmon and leafy greens also have a lot of calcium. Check with your doctor to make sure you get enough of this important mineral in your diet.
Question: Which foods should I avoid if I have ulcerative colitis?
Answer: Then look for patterns. Avoid things that seem to cause cramps or a trip to the bathroom. See if your symptoms get better or go away. Talk to your doctor about what you notice. Your goal should be to eat as many types of healthy foods as you can, so your diet is as balanced as possible. Lactose is the main, natural sugar in milk and other dairy products. Depending on the kind of surgery you have, you might be able to eat anything after you've recovered, even things that caused problems when your UC was active.
Question: Where should I keep my medications for diabetes if I'm traveling?
Answer: Keep medicines, syringes, and blood sugar testing supplies in your carry-on luggage. Don't put them in checked luggage in case the airline loses your bag. Also, the cargo hold isn't heated or insulated well, which could damage your medicine and supplies.
Question: What should I do to maintain foot care while travelling if I have diabetes?
Answer: Instead, wear shoes that are specially made for ocean or beach walking. Protect your feet at all times when you're walking by the pool, in the park, on the beach, or swimming in the ocean. Do not wear open-toe shoes, including sandals and flip-flops. If your toes aren't protected, you raise your risk of injuring them. Follow your daily foot care routine.
Question: What should I do if I have a diabetes-related medical emergency in a foreign country?
Answer: If you have an emergency and you don't know where to go, try to reach the American consulate, the Red Cross, or a local medical school. Try to learn helpful phrases in the local language such as: " I need help" or " I have diabetes, where is the hospital?" or " I need sugar." Another resource for English speakers who need to find medical help is the International Association for Medical Assistance to Travelers ( IAMAT) (www.iamat.org). You can reach IAMAT at 716-754 4883.
Question: How can traveling affect my diabetes?
Answer: Changes in what you eat, how active you are, and time zones can affect your blood sugar levels.
Question: How can I care for my insulin injections if I have diabetes?
Answer: Bring a list of the medicines you take and keep it with you at all times.
Question: How much medication for diabetes should I bring for travel?
Answer: Take enough medicines and supplies to last an extra week in case you get stranded or stay longer than you planned. If you're traveling with someone, ask if he can carry some of them for you.
Question: Does my insulin injection schedule change with time zones if I have diabetes?
Answer: Time zone changes of 2 or more hours may mean you need to change your injection schedule. Check with your doctor for special instructions.
Question: What should I pack to care for my feet while traveling if I have diabetes?
Answer: Follow these tips to keep your feet healthy away from home: Pack at least two pairs of shoes so you can change them often. This will help prevent blisters and sore pressure points. Pack comfortable shoes, socks, and a first aid kit to treat minor foot injuries.
Question: Is there anything that I need to always carry if I have diabetes?
Answer: Always carry hard candy, a small snack, or glucose gel or tablets in case your blood sugar dips too low.
Question: Do I need to inform others that I have diabetes when traveling?
Answer: Let the airlines, cruise ships, and tour guides know in advance that you have diabetes.
Question: What if I need an insulin injection during my flight if have diabetes?
Answer: If you are traveling on an airplane and you need an insulin injection during your flight, follow your usual procedure with one difference: Put only half as much air into your insulin bottle as you normally would. The pressure is different in airplanes than on the ground.
Question: What should I bring with me if I'm travelling with diabetes?
Answer: Get twice as many supplies as you usually need to travel, and bring extra prescriptions and a letter from your doctor explaining that you have diabetes. Bring your doctor's name and phone number and keep it with you at all times. Bring a list of the medicines you take and keep it with you at all times. Always carry and wear medical identification that tells others that you have diabetes.
Question: How should I inform security when travelling with diabetes?
Answer: Bring a list of the medicines you take and keep it with you at all times. To make your trip through airport security hassle-free, try to: Make sure you tell security that you have diabetes and that you're carrying medical supplies. If you're wearing an insulin pump, you must notify security. You must request that they not remove the meter.
Question: How can I prepare for travel if I have diabetes?
Answer: Make an appointment with your doctor to go over your travel plans. Get twice as many supplies as you usually need to travel, and bring extra prescriptions and a letter from your doctor explaining that you have diabetes. If you need vaccines, plan to get them 3 to 4 weeks before your trip. If you have an emergency and you don't know where to go, try to reach the American consulate, the Red Cross, or a local medical school.
Question: What should you do to follow up on taking care of a blister?
Answer: Change the bandage daily and whenever it gets dirty or wet. Avoid wearing shoes or doing the activity that caused the blister until it heals. Wear thick socks or work gloves for blisters on the feet or hands. See a doctor for signs of infection, including pus, fever, red or warm skin around the blister, red streaks leading away from blister, swollen lymph glands, or increased pain or swelling, or if your last tetanus shot was more than 10 years ago.
Question: How do you treat a blister that has popped?
Answer: Wash the area with warm water and gentle soap. Do not use alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodine. Smooth down the the skin flap that remains. Apply antibiotic ointment to the area. Cover the area loosely with a sterile bandage or gauze.
Question: How do you drain a blister?
Answer: Try not to pop or drain it. If the blister is in a pressure area such as the bottom of the foot, put a donut-shaped moleskin on it. Wash the area with warm water and gentle soap. Gently squeeze out the fluid. Wash the blister again and pat dry. Don't remove the skin over the blister. Smooth down the skin flap. Apply antibiotic ointment. Cover the area loosely with a sterile bandage or gauze.
Question: What are key characteristics of fibromyalgia?
Answer: It may range from mild discomfort to pain severe enough to limit work, social activities, and everyday tasks. Pain commonly occurs in the neck, upper back, shoulders, chest, rib cage, lower back, and thighs and may feel like a burning, gnawing, throbbing, stabbing, or aching sensation and may develop gradually. It sometimes seems worse when a person is trying to relax and is less noticeable during activity. A related, key aspect of fibromyalgia is the presence of "tender points," muscles and tendons that are tender when pressed. Typically, tender points are located in the neck, back, knee, shoulder, elbow, and hip. People with fibromyalgia also feel moderately to severely fatigued and have sleep problems, including insomnia. People with fibromyalgia may also experience other problems including headaches, memory or concentration problems, and irritable bowel syndrome.
Question: What are the symptoms of eye allergies?
Answer: You may start to have symptoms as soon as the eyes come in contact with the allergen, or you may not have symptoms for two to four days. Symptoms of eye allergies include: Red, irritated eyes Itchiness Tearing or runny eyes Swollen eyelids Soreness, burning, or pain Sensitivity to light Usually you'll also have other allergy symptoms, such as a stuffy, runny nose and sneezing.
Question: What over-the-counter antihistamines treat eye allergies?
Answer: Over-the-counter antihistamines include cetirizine ophthalmic ( Zerviate) and ketotifen fumarate ( Alaway, Claritin Eye, Refresh Eye Itch Relief, or Zaditor).