anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Why is it important to know the connection between fibromyalgia and depression?
Answer: Learning more about the connection between fibromyalgia and depression can help you seek appropriate medical treatment from your doctor. That includes asking your doctor about antidepressants. By following an appropriate fibromyalgia treatment plan and getting the support of family and friends, you can take control of your fibromyalgia. You can also get control over your symptoms of depression and improve your quality of life.
Question: What are signs of depression with chronic pain in people with fibromyalgia?
Answer: The signs of depression with chronic pain may include: decreased energy difficulty concentrating or making decisions feelings of hopelessness, guilt, or irritability loss of interest in nearly all activities persistent sad or anxious mood uncontrollable tearfulness In severe cases, depression with chronic pain can lead to thoughts of death or suicide.
Question: What disorders can affect my nervous system?
Answer: Still, things can go wrong with your nervous system just like any other part of your body. When a disorder damages it, that affects the communication between your brain, your spinal cord, and your body. Examples of these disorders include: Infections like meningitis, encephalitis, or polio Physical problems like an injury, Bell's palsy, or carpal tunnel syndrome Conditions like Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or Alzheimer's disease Issues with your blood vessels, like strokes, transient ischemic attacks ( TIAs), or subdural hematoma (when blood collects outside your brain, typically after a serious head injury) Just like other parts of your body, your brain needs sleep for rest and repair, so a good regular sleep schedule is key.
Question: What protects my nervous system?
Answer: That network -- your nervous system -- has two parts: Your brain and spinal cord make up your central nervous system. Your brain is guarded by your skull, and your spinal cord is shielded by small bones in your spine (vertebrae) and thin coverings (membranes). They're both cushioned by a clear fluid called cerebrospinal fluid.
Question: What are the parts of the nervous system?
Answer: The nerves in the rest of your body make up your peripheral nervous system. This is also how messages get from your body back to your brain and spinal cord.
Question: Do chronic allergies ever go away?
Answer: Some people, most often children, may outgrow an allergy completely. Others find that with age, their allergy symptoms lighten up. That may be because the immune system can weaken with age, and perhaps can't muster as strong a reaction to the allergen. But as an adult, once you have an allergy, it usually doesn't go away on its own.
Question: What should you know about doses in birth control pills?
Answer: Most versions have a combination of estrogen and progesterone. Some have more estrogen in them than others. While fewer hormones sounds like a good thing -- and it mostly is -- you should know the drawbacks when you're weighing your choices.
Question: What are side effects from ultra-low-dose birth control pills?
Answer: Many women who take them have breakthrough bleeding, which can lead women to stop taking them. Taking your pill at exactly the same time every day may help reduce this problem, but there are no guarantees. Another issue is that women who take ultra-low-dose pills may get vaginal dryness and chronic pelvic pain. Those can make sex uncomfortable.
Question: What are some low-dose birth control pill options?
Answer: Some examples of low-dose pills are: Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol ( Yasmin) Levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol ( Levora) Norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol ( Estrostep or Ortho- Novum) Norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol ( Ortho- Tri- Cyclen Lo) Norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol ( Lo/ Ovral-28) In recent years there's been a trend toward even lower levels of hormones. "
Question: What are some ultra-low-dose birth control pill options?
Answer: Some examples of low-dose pills are: Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol ( Yasmin) Levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol ( Levora) Norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol ( Estrostep or Ortho- Novum) Norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol ( Ortho- Tri- Cyclen Lo) Norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol ( Lo/ Ovral-28) In recent years there's been a trend toward even lower levels of hormones. " Ultra-low-dose" pills have 20 micrograms of estrogen or less. Some examples are: Desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol ( Mircette) Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol ( Yaz) Levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol ( Alesse) Norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol ( Lo Loestrin Fe) Ultra-low-dose pills seem to be just as good at preventing pregnancy as higher dose options. They also come with a lower risk of side effects such as headaches and fluid retention.
Question: What are other possible benefits of birth control pills?
Answer: Birth control pills have benefits besides contraception. They lower your risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer and can help with acne. But it's not clear if ultra-low-dose formulas do as good a job of providing these perks.
Question: What are low-dose birth control pills?
Answer: You probably know that the pill has hormones in it to keep you from getting pregnant. The catch is that the more estrogen you take, the more likely you are to have side effects such as headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, and rare but potentially fatal blood clots. Nowadays, the highest dose available is 50 micrograms of estrogen, but even that is rarely prescribed anymore. Today, most pills have 35 micrograms or less of estrogen, an amount that's generally called "low dose." These pills are both safe and effective for most women.
Question: What should I do to treat a mucocele?
Answer: If you or your child develops a soft swelling in the mouth, it may just be a mucocele -- a harmless cyst. It's still a good idea to get it checked out, though, especially if it's bothersome. But sometimes they enlarge. Don't try to open them or treat them yourself. See your doctor, your child's pediatrician, or your dentist for expert advice.
Question: What are the symptoms of mucoceles?
Answer: If you or your child develops a soft swelling in the mouth, it may just be a mucocele -- a harmless cyst. Mucoceles often show up on the inside of your lower lips, your gums, the roof of your mouth, or under your tongue. Those on the floor of the mouth are called ranulas. These are rare, but because they are larger, they can cause more problems with speech, chewing, and swallowing.
Question: What are the characteristics of a mucocele?
Answer: If you or your child develops a soft swelling in the mouth, it may just be a mucocele -- a harmless cyst. Mucoceles may have these characteristics: Moveable and painless Soft, round, dome-shaped Pearly or semi-clear surface or bluish in color 2 to 10 millimeters in diameter Mucoceles often go away without treatment.
Question: What is the goal of sleep apnea treatment?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The goal of sleep apnea treatment is to open your airway so you can breathe better at night. Many devices can help that happen. Among the most common options are CPAP machines, mouth appliances, and specially designed pillows.
Question: What is the "tennis ball technique" and how does it help sleep apnea?
Answer: Sleeping on your side may improve your symptoms. To keep you off your back, some doctors suggest you pin a tube sock filled with a couple of tennis balls to the back of your PJs. One study of the tennis ball technique showed it did help some people. Of the 50 people who used the method and reported back, 38% said they were still doing it after 6 months. They said they had better sleep quality, more daytime alertness, and quieter snoring.
Question: What does a CPAP machine do?
Answer: These machines use a mask that fits over your nose, or nose and mouth. It blows air at a pressure that keeps your airway open during sleep. Your doctor can tell you the right pressure to use and how to set it on the machine. Over the years, these devices have become smaller, lighter, and much quieter. Some common side effects include nasal congestion, dry mouth, and skin irritation -- but treatments can help relieve all of them.
Question: How do mouth devices treat sleep apnea?
Answer: You can get these custom-made or buy them over the counter. This looks like a mouth guard that athletes wear. Hinges let your lower jaw ease forward, which keeps your tongue and soft palate stable so your airway stays open while you're asleep. Tongue retaining device. This is sort of like a splint that holds your tongue in place to keep your airway open. Doctors don't prescribe it as often as the MAD. You heat it in hot water, then bite into it to make it fit your mouth. You can choose from a few different models, so you should be able to find a mask that works for you.
Question: What is a hypoglossal nerve stimulator?
Answer: Your doctor can tell you the right pressure to use and how to set it on the machine. It monitors your breathing patterns and sends signals to the nerves that control your tongue and other muscles. They move forward, and keep your airway open. The device is an option for people who've tried CPAP without any success or don't use it properly. And a few studies suggest it works about as well as the mask-machine combo. But ask your doctor if it's a good choice for you.
Question: What treatment will I get if I'm hospitalized for depression?
Answer: While in the hospital you will usually be seen by one or more psychiatrists or a physician's assistant daily, although such one-on-one visits in the hospital tend to be brief. Formal individual psychotherapy generally doesn't occur while in the hospital, although various forms of group therapy are common, focusing on strategies such as stress management, coping with depression, and discussions about medications and their side effects.
Question: What is the goal of hospitalization for depression?
Answer: Keep in mind that most hospital stays for depression are brief and voluntary. The goal of hospitalization is to get you on the right track by starting treatments that can be continued on an outpatient basis. When you leave the hospital you should be safe and stable and on the path to recovery.
Question: How long are people hospitalized for depression?
Answer: The length of your stay is determined by the staff based on your clinical condition, although insurance companies can independently decide if they no longer believe continued hospitalization is "medically necessary." In this situation, they may refuse to pay for ongoing treatment in the hospital.
Question: How long will insurance cover my hospitalization for depression?
Answer: Some health insurance policies will cover hospitalization for a limited amount of time. Others won't cover it at all. However, under the 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act ( MHPAEA), part of Obamacare, insurance companies cannot impose less favorable benefits on mental health coverage than on medical/surgical benefits, including necessary hospitalization. Before a person can be hospitalized, some insurers require that he or she be evaluated by an evaluator under contract with their company. Very few insurers will cover a hospital stay for depression that isn't an emergency.
Question: What are the rules when you're hospitalized for depression?
Answer: Even if you are admitted to the hospital on a voluntary basis, you usually cannot leave whenever you want. The hospital may strictly control visits from family and friends and limit the items you can take in with you, like cell phones or laptop computers. Sharp objects like razors that you may bring with you will usually be kept by staff in a safe place, and you may be asked to not wear shoe laces or belts. You may be on a locked ward for at least some of your stay. You may also be expected to follow a certain schedule.
Question: Why would I need to go to the hospital for my depression?
Answer: Usually, a stay in the hospital is just a way for you to recover in a safe and stable environment. This allows you to take a break from some of the daily stresses that contributed to your depression.
Question: Could I be hospitalized for depression against my will?
Answer: Once there, a hospital doctor will talk to you and decide whether you actually need to be hospitalized. While the doctor has the final say whether you get admitted, friends or family members can be involved by providing input about your symptoms and functioning to the health care professionals who are evaluating you. If a doctor believes that involuntary hospitalization is necessary, the hospital has the right to evaluate your condition, usually for several days, before asking a judge whether ongoing involuntary hospitalization and medications or other treatments are medically warranted and can therefore be administered against your will. Before a person can be hospitalized, some insurers require that he or she be evaluated by an evaluator under contract with their company.
Question: How often is depression treated on an outpatient basis?
Answer: But, in cases of severe depression or treatment-resistant depression, some people need to stay in the hospital for a short time. The goal of hospitalization is to get you on the right track by starting treatments that can be continued on an outpatient basis.
Question: Are proteins important when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: Proteins help repair and maintain your body, including muscle. You can get protein in all types of food. Good sources include fish, meat, poultry, eggs, cheese, nuts, beans, and other legumes.
Question: What minerals are important when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: Minerals, like vitamins, must come from the diet. Your body needs them, but it can't make them. You need more of some minerals (such as calcium, potassium, and iron) than others. For instance, you need only small amounts of the minerals zinc, selenium, and copper.
Question: How many calories should I eat per day when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: A dietitian can help you figure that out. Don't cut your calories too much, or your diet is going to be hard to stick with and may not give you the nutrients your body needs.
Question: How are calories an important measurement when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: A good general rule is to use My Plate, which makes it easy to envision just how much of each food type to include in your meal. When you eat more calories than you need, your body stores the extra calories as fat. Even low-carb and fat-free foods can have a lot of calories that can be stored as fat.
Question: What does a healthy diet include?
Answer: But exactly what is a healthy diet? It should include: Protein (found in fish, meat, poultry, dairy products, eggs, nuts, and beans) Fat (found in animal and dairy products, nuts, and oils) Carbohydrates (found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans and other legumes) Vitamins (such as vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K) Minerals (such as calcium, potassium, and iron) Water (both in what you drink, and what's naturally in foods) Dieting or not, everyone needs a mix of those nutrients, ideally from foods. Stick to your calorie âbudget,â because when you're working on losing weight, you need to burn more calories than you eat or drink.
Question: What are some general tips when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: More tips: Choose nonfat or 1% milk instead of 2% or whole milk. Pick lean meat instead of fatty meat. Select breads and cereals that are made with whole grains and are not prepared with a lot of fat. If you eat a high-calorie food or meal, balance your intake by choosing low-calorie foods the rest of the day or the next day. Check the food labels on packaged foods to help you budget fat, cholesterol, and sodium over several days. That's just the start of what you might want to know about nutrition for weight loss. Keep learning as much as you can, including the following terms.
Question: How important is water when eating healthy for weight loss?
Answer: It should include: Protein (found in fish, meat, poultry, dairy products, eggs, nuts, and beans) Fat (found in animal and dairy products, nuts, and oils) Carbohydrates (found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans and other legumes) Vitamins (such as vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K) Minerals (such as calcium, potassium, and iron) Water (both in what you drink, and what's naturally in foods) Dieting or not, everyone needs a mix of those nutrients, ideally from foods. But most Americans get too much of it, which makes high cholesterol and heart disease more likely. You can drink water or get it from foods that naturally have water in them, like fruits and vegetables.
Question: Why are biologics for Crohn's disease so expensive?
Answer: You may be able to get help to pay for it. Biologics are hard to make, and that drives up the price. One year of treatment can add up to about $20,000. Even if you have health insurance, you may have to pay 25% to 35% of the cost of the drug. You can find out which help pay for each type of biologic used to treat Crohn's disease.
Question: How can you screen for colorectal cancer?
Answer: The current American Cancer Society screening guidelines for colorectal cancer n an average risk patient begin at the age of 45 and include the following options: Stool based tests: Fecal immunochemical test ( FIT) yearly Guaiac fecal occult blood test yearly Stool DNA test every 3 years Structural examinations: Colonoscopy every 10 years Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) every 5 years. If you have a positive result on a screening test that is not a colonoscopy, further evaluation should be performed on a timely basis with a colonoscopy test to take a look at your entire colon.
Question: What happens after a biopsy confirms colorectal cancer?
Answer: Should a biopsy confirm cancer, imaging tests using chest X-rays and CT scans of the abdomen, pelvis, and possibly chest are performed to find out whether the cancer has spread to other sites. Blood tests will also be ordered to find out how well the liver and kidneys are functioning, to determine if you are anemic, and to measure the blood level of a substance called carcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA), often found in higher-than-normal concentration in the presence of colorectal cancer, especially if it has spread.
Question: How is colorectal cancer diagnosed?
Answer: The current American Cancer Society screening guidelines for colorectal cancer n an average risk patient begin at the age of 45 and include the following options: Stool based tests: Fecal immunochemical test ( FIT) yearly Guaiac fecal occult blood test yearly Stool DNA test every 3 years Structural examinations: Colonoscopy every 10 years Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) every 5 years. If you have a positive result on a screening test that is not a colonoscopy, further evaluation should be performed on a timely basis with a colonoscopy test to take a look at your entire colon.
Question: How is radiation therapy used to treat colorectal cancer?
Answer: For rectal cancer, radiation is usually given after surgery, along with chemotherapy (known as adjuvant therapy), in order to destroy any cancer cells left behind. In addition, it can be used along with chemotherapy before surgery (known as neoadjuvant therapy) in order to shrink a large tumor, making the surgery easier. In advanced rectal cancer, radiation can be used to shrink tumors that cause symptoms of bowel obstruction, bleeding, or pain.
Question: What are the treatments for colorectal cancer?
Answer: The need for permanent colostomy is more common with rectal cancer, since retaining the rectum may be difficult. Radiation therapy is treatment with high-energy rays that destroy the cancer cells.
Question: How is surgery used to treat colorectal cancer?
Answer: The main types of treatment for colorectal cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Usually, the surgeon can reconnect the healthy sections of the colon and rectum. When this is not possible, the surgeon forms an opening -- known as a stoma -- in the abdomen and reroutes the severed colon to it. Waste is collected in a bag worn over the stoma. This procedure, known as a colostomy, often is only temporary. Once the bowel has had time to heal, a second operation reconnects the colon and rectum. The need for permanent colostomy is more common with rectal cancer, since retaining the rectum may be difficult. Radiation therapy can be used in people with colon cancer when the tumor has attached to another organ in the abdomen, or if a tumor is found near the margins of the cancer that was removed. These drugs work by blocking the cancer's blood supply or blocking a protein or genetic change made by the cancer to enhance it growth.
Question: What are signs of convulsion in children that need immediate medical attention?
Answer: Appears to have a seizure with uncontrolled, rapid shaking Has trouble breathing Turns blue Hits his head before or during a convulsion Is unconscious for several minutes Might have ingested something poisonous Convulsions, also known as seizures, in babies and young children can be terrifying for parents, and to be safe you should seek emergency help.
Question: What are symptoms of akathisia?
Answer: They include: Drugs used to prevent vomiting and nausea Antidepressants like tricyclics and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs) Calcium-channel blockers So can health conditions like: Parkinson's disease Traumatic brain injury Encephalitis, a type of brain inflammation The main sign of akathisia is a sense of restlessness and intense need to move. To relieve this feeling, you need to stay in motion. It usually affects your legs, usually while you're sitting. People with akathisia are likely to: Rock back and forth Pace or march in place Shift their weight from foot to foot Cross and uncross their legs Squirm or fidget Grunt or moan Other symptoms include feeling irritable, stressed, impatient, or panicked. You may feel like jumping out of your skin.
Question: What is tardive akathisia?
Answer: Tardive akathisia may not show up until months or years after you take a medicine.
Question: How is tardive dyskinesia similar to akathisia?
Answer: Usually, akathisia is a side effect of antipsychotic drugs. It causes movements you do over and over, like blinking and grimacing. But you don't have control over them. With akathisia, you make the choice to move to relieve an urge.
Question: What can't you have on you when you get an MRI?
Answer: Personal items such as your watch, wallet, including any credit cards with magnetic strips (they will be erased by the magnet), and jewelry should be left at home if possible, or removed prior to the MRI scan. Secured lockers are usually available to store personal possessions.
Question: Is an MRI safe?
Answer: If this condition applies to you, you can receive sedation during the exam if prior arrangements have been made.
Question: What is gadolinium for an MRI?
Answer: Certain MRI exams require an injection of a contrast material called gadolinium. This helps identify certain structures on the scan images.
Question: What happens after a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam for epilepsy?
Answer: The results of your MRI should be available to your doctor within 24 hours after your test, Monday through Friday. Your doctor will discuss the test results with you. Many facilities will give you a CD that contains the study that you can carry to your doctor.
Question: How long is the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam?
Answer: The MRI exam poses no risk to the person if appropriate safety guidelines are followed. During the test, several dozen images may be obtained.