anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What problems are associated with the build up of sugar in blood?
Answer: Other problems associated with the build up of sugar in the blood include: Dehydration. The build up of sugar in the blood can cause an increase in urination (to try to clear the sugar from the body). When the kidneys lose the sugar through the urine, a large amount of water is also lost, causing dehydration. Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma . When a person with type 2 diabetes becomes severely dehydrated and is not able to drink enough fluids to make up for the fluid losses, they may develop this life-threatening complication. Damage to the body. Over time, high sugar levels in the blood may damage the nerves and small blood vessels of the eyes, kidneys, and heart and predispose a person to atherosclerosis (hardening) of the large arteries that can cause heart attack and stroke.
Question: How is kidney damage related to type 2 diabetes?
Answer: The risk of kidney disease increases over time, meaning the longer you have diabetes the greater your risk. This complication carries significant risk of serious illness -- such as kidney failure and heart disease.
Question: What helps treat inflammatory bowel disease?
Answer: What helps: You need medicine to control the symptoms and also to know what your triggers are, including which foods are irritating, so that you can avoid them. You'll want to work with your doctor, and write down your symptoms and what was going on right before they struck (including food and stress). A nutritionist who specializes in these conditions can also be a good resource.
Question: What is gastroparesis in diabetes?
Answer: What happens: Over time, uncontrolled diabetes harms your nerves. If it damages your vagus nerve, which stimulates muscles that move food through your digestive system, digestion can slow down or stop. That can lead to heartburn, nausea, bloating, and feeling too full after you've eaten. Doctors call this gastroparesis. The most common cause is diabetes, but it sometimes also affects people with nervous system disorders, like Parkinson's disease (see below) and multiple sclerosis.
Question: How can heart failure affect my nutrition?
Answer: What happens: People with chronic heart failure can lose muscle mass, as well as fat and bone, leaving them frail. Causes include swelling of the bowel wall, which prevents the absorption of nutrients, and liver or kidney disease that can result from heart failure. They may lead to nausea. Once the wasting process starts, poor nutrition can make it worse.
Question: How can chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affect the way I eat?
Answer: What happens: This lung disease gradually makes it harder to breathe. People who have it often find that their appetite isn't what it used to be. People with severe COPD can get very thin because they burn so many calories with the work of breathing. What helps: Since the disease causes your body to use up lots of energy during breathing, it's important to make sure you get enough calories.
Question: How can hepatitis affect the way I eat, and what are steps to control it?
Answer: What happens: This infectious disease commonly causes gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, weight loss, fatigue, and stomach discomfort. What helps: Avoid alcohol, try eating smaller, more frequent meals, and ask your doctor about medicine to fight nausea. There is a cure for hepatitis C, and for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the treatment is weight loss.
Question: How do hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism affect my appetite and weight?
Answer: What happens: Your thyroid doesn't make enough hormones to keep your body running properly. You might not have any appetite, yet still unexpectedly gain weight. It can also cause uncomfortable constipation. ( Hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, can trigger the opposite symptoms: extreme hunger and thirst, diarrhea, and weight loss.)
Question: How can anxiety and depression affect the way I eat?
Answer: What happens: Anxiety can upset your stomach. If you're depressed, that can lead to eating too little or too much. What helps: Food, on its own, isn't a cure. But a balanced diet may help you feel better, and stomach symptoms often gradually fade as you start to benefit from psychological treatment in the form of therapy, lifestyle changes (like exercise), and medication, if needed.
Question: Do I need to change my diet if I have kidney disease?
Answer: What helps: Your doctor will tell you how to change your diet. If you're in the earlier stages of kidney disease, you may need to focus on sodium. If your disease is more advanced, you may also have limits on how much potassium or protein you can get. If you have kidney stones, you may need to make other changes to your eating habits.
Question: How might cancer affect my appetite?
Answer: What happens: Cancer comes in many forms. Both the disease and its treatments can affect your nutrition. Many types dim your appetite, cause stomach pain, or make it tough to absorb the nutrients in food. Other kinds -- such as cancers of the head, neck, and esophagus -- can make it hard to chew and swallow. Then there's nausea from the treatments themselves.
Question: How can human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect the way I eat?
Answer: What happens: The virus can cause painful sores or infections inside your mouth or in your esophagus, making it difficult to swallow. Medications may also cause nausea and diarrhea, leaving you with little interest in eating.
Question: How can Parkinson's disease affect the way I eat?
Answer: What happens: The symptoms of Parkinson's, which affects your body's nervous system, often get worse gradually, and can include constipation, feeling overly full after eating, and trouble swallowing. It can also affect the nerves that control your digestive system, causing a condition called gastroparesis (see above in " Diabetes").
Question: What helps if someone with Alzheimer's forgets to eat?
Answer: What happens: As dementia sets in, people with Alzheimer's may forget to eat, become overwhelmed by choosing and cooking food, or have trouble using utensils. What helps: Offer lots of easy-to-eat foods, like smoothies and soups, so that the person you're caring for gets enough calories and stays hydrated. Try to limit distractions, and serve only one or two foods at a time. Remind the person that there's food in front of him or her.
Question: What is dysphagia after stroke?
Answer: Or you could have trouble digesting or absorbing the nutrients in food, and then have side effects from poor nutrition. What happens: The effects of a stroke depend on what part of the brain it affects. Many people who've had one find it hard to swallow, a condition called âdysphagia.â As a result, they may not get enough nutrients. What helps: Part of the recovery from a stroke could include learning to swallow again. Small pieces of foods, or small sips of liquid, may help. Some people may need to be fed through a tube.
Question: What can you do to check the effectiveness of drugs for inflammatory diseases?
Answer: When you are prescribed any drug, it is important to meet with your doctor regularly so he or she can check its effectiveness and detect the development of any side effects.
Question: How are inflammatory joint diseases treated?
Answer: There are a number of treatment options for inflammatory joint diseases including medications, rest, exercise, and surgery to correct joint damage. The type of treatment prescribed will depend on several factors including the type of disease, the person's age, type of medications he or she is taking, overall health, medical history, and severity of symptoms.
Question: What diseases are associated with inflammation?
Answer: Some, but not all types of arthritis, are the result of misdirected inflammation. Arthritis is a general term that describes inflammation in joints. Some types of arthritis associated with inflammation include: Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Gouty arthritis Systemic lupus erythematosus The most common form of arthritis called osteoarthritis (also known as degenerative arthritis) is a bit of a misnomer.
Question: What are the  tests used to diagnose gallbladder problems?
Answer: A check of the blood's amylase or lipase levels to look for inflammation of the pancreas. A HIDA scan. In this test, a radioactive material called hydroxy iminodiacetic acid ( HIDA) is injected into the patient. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( MRCP), which uses magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) to produce detailed pictures. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP), a procedure in which a tube is placed down the patient's throat, into the stomach, then into the small intestine. Dye is injected and the ducts of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas can be seen on X-ray.
Question: When should my baby visit the dentist for the first time?
Answer: Even if there isn't a problem, your child should go for his or her first dentist visit by age 1. The dentist can give you advice about: baby tooth care teething fluoride thumb sucking It can take two years before all of the infant teeth have made their way through your baby's gums.
Question: How should I take care of my baby's teeth?
Answer: But at first, the care won't involve a toothbrush and toothpaste. Instead, take these steps: Get a soft, moistened washcloth or piece of gauze. Gently wipe down your baby's gums at least twice a day. Especially wipe your baby's gums after feedings and before bedtime. This will wash off bacteria and prevent them from clinging to gums. Bacteria can leave behind a sticky plaque that damages infant teeth as they come in.
Question: How should I brush my baby's teeth?
Answer: Choose one with a: soft brush small head large handle At first, just wet the toothbrush. As soon as teeth erupt, you can start using toothpaste in the amount of a grain of rice. You can increase this to a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste when your child is age 3. Brush gently all around your child's baby teeth -- front and back.
Question: When do I let my baby brush their own teeth?
Answer: You should brush your baby's teeth until he or she is old enough to hold the brush. Continue to supervise the process until your child can rinse and spit without assistance. That usually happens at around age 6.
Question: How long should it take for all my baby teeth to make it through the gums?
Answer: The dentist can give you advice about: baby tooth care teething fluoride thumb sucking It can take two years before all of the infant teeth have made their way through your baby's gums.
Question: How do I prevent cavities in my baby's teeth?
Answer: To prevent cavities, only fill your baby's bottle with: formula breast milk water Avoid giving your child fruit juices, sodas, and other sugary drinks. Sweet drinks -- even milk -- can settle on the teeth. This can lead to baby tooth decay -- also known as "baby bottle tooth decay." Bacteria feed on the sugar from sweet drinks and produce acid, which attacks baby's teeth. If you have to send your baby to bed or naps with a bottle or sippy cup, fill it with water only. Also avoid putting anything sweet -- such as sugar or honey -- on your baby's pacifier.
Question: How important are baby teeth?
Answer: Baby teeth may be small, but they're important. They act as placeholders for adult teeth. Without a healthy set of baby teeth, your child will have trouble chewing and speaking clearly. That's why caring for baby teeth and keeping them decay-free is so important.
Question: What are the symptoms of teething?
Answer: Teething is uncomfortable. That's why your baby cries and fusses in the days or weeks before each baby tooth pops up. Babies can display other teething symptoms, too, including: drooling swollen gums slightly higher than normal temperature Here are a few tips to relieve your baby's teething pain: Teething rings.
Question: Which type of toothbrush should I use to brush my baby's teeth?
Answer: Choose one with a: soft brush small head large handle At first, just wet the toothbrush. In addition to caring for baby teeth, you need to protect them.
Question: How can I ease my baby's teething pain?
Answer: You can start caring for baby's gums right away. Let your baby chew on a clean, cool teething ring or cold washcloth. Just avoid giving your child anything that is small enough to choke on. Also avoid a teething ring with liquid inside that could break open. Rub your baby's gums with a clean finger. Pain relief. Give your baby Tylenol (acetaminophen) occasionally to relieve pain -- but ask your pediatrician first. Never give your child aspirin. It has been linked with a rare but serious condition called Reye's syndrome in children.
Question: Why can't children use cough medicine, decongestants, or antihistamines?
Answer: So if he's that young, don't give him: Cough medicine Decongestants Antihistamines Evidence suggests these cold medicines don't really help, and they have a small risk of serious side effects. Between 1969 and 2006 there were reports that 60 young children died from decongestants or antihistamines. Since there's no proof that kids' cold medicines help children, some think any risk, no matter how slight, isn't worth it. Most colds run their course in 5 to 10 days -- with or without treatment.
Question: When should I call the doctor if my child has a common cold?
Answer: Ask your child's doctor if you're not sure if a medicine is right for your child.
Question: How can I ease symptoms without cold medicines?
Answer: So if he's that young, don't give him: Cough medicine Decongestants Antihistamines Evidence suggests these cold medicines don't really help, and they have a small risk of serious side effects. Use caution, and check with your physician prior to using them if you are unsure or if your child is under age 4. That way he can check if the cold medicine works safely with them. Don't use ibuprofen in children under age 6 months. Try saline drops in his nose to clear out mucus. If your child is young enough, you may be able to bulb suction some of the mucous. Make sure your child gets plenty to drink. It helps thin his mucus. Use a humidifier in your child's room to add moisture to the dry air, especially during winter when the air is drier. If he has asthma or wheezes, talk to the doctor. Your child may need prescription medicine to open up swollen airways. Avoid cold/cough medicines in children with asthma; they can aggravate asthma symptoms.
Question: What medicines should not be used in children?
Answer: So if he's that young, don't give him: Cough medicine Decongestants Antihistamines Evidence suggests these cold medicines don't really help, and they have a small risk of serious side effects. Children's cough and cold medicines are considered safe for kids 4 and over.
Question: What are the rules for giving cough and cold medicine to children?
Answer: Cough and cold medicines should not be used by kids under 4. But the FDA recommends you follow these commonsense rules: Always read the package label and follow directions carefully. Many of these medicines contain several drugs. If you're giving a cold medicine to your child that has a painkiller, fever reducer or decongestant in it, make sure you don't give him more of those separately. Too much medicine could be risky, and your child can get an overdose of medicine. Never increase the dose or give it to your child more frequently than it says to on the package. Too much can cause serious and life-threatening side effects. Don't give adult medicines to kids. Children should only take products marked for use in babies, infants, or children, sometimes called "pediatric" use on the package. There are many natural and herbal remedies available on the market. Use caution, and check with your physician prior to using them if you are unsure or if your child is under age 4. Ask your child's doctor if you're not sure if a medicine is right for your child. Remember, cough and cold medicines come in many different strengths. Tell your child's doctor about any other medications your child takes. That way he can check if the cold medicine works safely with them. Always use the measuring device that comes in the medicine package. A teaspoon from your kitchen isn't accurate.
Question: How is meningioma diagnosed?
Answer: The most common symptoms include: Headaches Seizures Blurred vision Weakness in arms or legs Numbness Speech problems Meningiomas are rarely diagnosed before they begin to cause symptoms. If symptoms indicate the possibility of a tumor, a doctor may order a brain scan: an MRI and/or a CT scan. These will allow the doctor to locate the meningioma and determine its size. A biopsy may sometimes be performed. A surgeon removes part or all of the tumor to determine whether it is benign or malignant.
Question: How is meningioma treated?
Answer: Regular brain scans will be performed to determine if the tumor is growing. If the tumor's growth threatens to cause problems or if symptoms begin to develop, surgery may be necessary. If surgery is required, a craniotomy will typically be performed. The procedure involves removing a piece of bone from the skull. This gives the surgeon access to the affected portion of the brain. The surgeon then removes the tumor -- or as much of it as possible. The bone that was removed at the start of the procedure is then replaced. The location of the meningioma will determine how accessible it is to the surgeon. If it can't be reached via surgery, radiation therapy may be used. Radiation can shrink the tumor or help prevent it from growing any larger. Radiation can also be used to kill cancer cells if the tumor is malignant. It may also be used on the parts of a tumor the surgeon was unable to remove.
Question: What are the causes and risks factors of meningioma?
Answer: Exposure to radiation Neurofibromatosis type 2, a genetic disorder Previous injury may also be a risk factor, but a recent study failed to confirm this. Meningiomas have been found in places where skull fractures have occurred. They've also been found in places where the surrounding membrane has been scarred. Some research suggests a link between meningiomas and the hormone progesterone. Middle-aged women are more than twice as likely as men to develop a meningioma. Most meningiomas occur between the ages of 30 and 70. They are very rare in children. The location of the meningioma will determine how accessible it is to the surgeon.
Question: What are the symptoms of meningioma?
Answer: The most common symptoms include: Headaches Seizures Blurred vision Weakness in arms or legs Numbness Speech problems Meningiomas are rarely diagnosed before they begin to cause symptoms. If the tumor's growth threatens to cause problems or if symptoms begin to develop, surgery may be necessary.
Question: What is MAGNUN (Migraine Awareness group: A National Understanding for Migraineurs)?
Answer: MAGNUM: The National Migraine Association Magnum: Migraine Awareness Group: A National Understanding for Migraineurs, was created to raise awareness of migraines as a neurological disease.
Question: What is the American Headache Society?
Answer: American Headache Society The American Headache Society is a professional society of health care providers dedicated to the study and treatment of headache and face pain.
Question: What is the National Headache Foundation?
Answer: National Headache Foundation The National Headache Foundation exists to enhance the medical treatment of headache. It serves as a resource for people who suffer from headaches, physicians, allied health professionals, and the public.
Question: How is circumcision done?
Answer: During a circumcision, the foreskin is freed from the head of the penis, and the excess foreskin is clipped off. If done in the newborn period, the procedure takes about five to 10 minutes. Adult circumcision takes about one hour. The circumcision generally heals in five to seven days.
Question: What is circumcision?
Answer: Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, the tissue covering the head(glans) of the penis. It is an ancient practice that has its origin in religious rites. Today, many parents have their sons circumcised for religious or other reasons.
Question: Can circumcision prevent hygiene problems with the penis?
Answer: Circumcision also makes it easier to keep the end of the penis clean. Note: Some studies show that good hygiene can help prevent certain problems with the penis, including infections and swelling, even if the penis is not circumcised. In addition, using a condom during sex will help prevent STDs and other infections.
Question: What are the risks of circumcision?
Answer: Like any surgical procedure, there are risks associated with circumcision. However, this risk is low. Problems associated with circumcision include: Pain Risk of bleeding and infection at the site of the circumcision Irritation of the glans Increased risk of meatitis (inflammation of the opening of the penis) Risk of injury to the penis
Question: What are the benefits of circumcision?
Answer: There is some evidence that circumcision has health benefits, including: A decreased risk of urinary tract infections. A reduced risk of some sexually transmitted diseases in men. Protection against penile cancer and a reduced risk of cervical cancer in female sex partners. Prevention of balanitis (inflammation of the glans) and balanoposthitis (inflammation of the glans and foreskin). Prevention of phimosis (the inability to retract the foreskin) and paraphimosis (the inability to return the foreskin to its original location). Circumcision also makes it easier to keep the end of the penis clean.
Question: Is circumcision necessary?
Answer: The use of circumcision for medical or health reasons is an issue that continues to be debated. The American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP) found that the health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks, but the benefits are not great enough to recommend universalnewborn circumcision. The procedure may be recommended in older boys and men to treat phimosis (the inability to retract the foreskin) or to treat an infection of the penis. Parents should talk with their doctor about the benefits and risks of the procedure before making a decision regarding circumcision of a male child. Other factors, such as your culture, religion, and personal preference, will also be involved in your decision.
Question: When is circumcision done?
Answer: Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, the tissue covering the head(glans) of the penis. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Circumcision is usually performed on the first or second day after birth. ( Among the Jewish population, circumcision is performed on the eighth day.) The procedure becomes more complicated and riskier in older babies, children, and men.
Question: When should my child get medical attention for croup?
Answer: No matter which type of croup it is, any time your child has difficulty breathing, retractions (when his skin pulls tight around his ribs), or stridor at rest, immediate medical attention is needed. Stridor when crying, agitated, or playing, or a barky cough is not an emergency.
Question: What is croup?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Croup is a condition that irritates your baby's upper airways and causes them to swell. As the airway below his vocal cords becomes narrow, your baby will find it hard to breathe. His breathing will be noisy and he'll have a cough that sounds a lot like a high-pitched seal or dog bark. His voice will also sound raspy and hoarse, especially when he cries.