anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What can you do to prevent pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Eliminating your risk factors for pancreatic cancer won't reduce your risk entirely. But eating a healthy diet, keeping a healthy weight, and exercising frequently will improve overall health, and reduce your risk of other health problems.
Question: Who is more likely to get pancreatic cancer?
Answer: People with any of the risk factors are at slightly higher risk than the general population: Genetics. Five percent to 10% of people with pancreatic cancer have an immediate family member who also had it. Several different genes have been associated with the increased risk, although no "pancreatic cancer gene" has yet been identified. Diabetes. People with diabetes are not necessarily more likely to get pancreatic cancer but the two have been linked. Smoking. Cigarette smoking is well known to increase the risk for pancreatic cancer. The more a person smokes, the higher the risk. Ten years after quitting smoking, the risk returns to about that of someone who never smoked. Obesity and inactivity. In a study of 88,000 nurses, those who were obese (body mass index higher than 30) were more likely to develop pancreatic cancer. Those who exercised frequently were about half as likely to get pancreatic cancer, compared to those who did not exercise at all. Pancreatic cysts and chronic pancreatitis. People who have one or both of these are at higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Diet. A diet high in fat and meat (especially smoked or processed meat) has been linked to pancreatic cancer in animal studies. Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables decreased pancreatic cancer risk in other studies. Still other studies suggest there's no identifiable link between diet and pancreatic cancer. Lycopene and selenium. Studies have shown low levels of these nutrients in some people who developed pancreatic cancer. That's not proof that low levels of lycopene and selenium cause pancreatic cancer, though. Any diet that includes lean meat and red or yellow vegetables should provide adequate lycopene and selenium.
Question: What are the chances of developing pancreatic cancer?
Answer: About one in 76 people will develop pancreatic cancer. This represents the average risk of the condition.
Question: Can I prevent pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Eliminating your risk factors for pancreatic cancer won't reduce your risk entirely. But eating a healthy diet, keeping a healthy weight, and exercising frequently will improve overall health, and reduce your risk of other health problems.
Question: Does having diabetes mean you're at a higher risk for pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Diabetes.
Question: Can diet affect the risk for pancreatic cancer?
Answer: A diet high in fat and meat (especially smoked or processed meat) has been linked to pancreatic cancer in animal studies. Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables decreased pancreatic cancer risk in other studies. Still other studies suggest there's no identifiable link between diet and pancreatic cancer.
Question: How does DNA damage lead to pancreatic cancer?
Answer: No one knows exactly how the process of DNA damage leading to pancreatic cancer occurs. Analyzing pancreatic cancers removed by surgery shows certain mutations that occur in nearly all cases, and others that vary between people. Some of these mutations occur randomly. Others occur in response to things we do or experience in the environment. Some mutations may be inherited. When enough mutations accumulate, a cell becomes malignant and a tumor begins to grow.
Question: Can smoking cause pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Cigarette smoking is well known to increase the risk for pancreatic cancer. The more a person smokes, the higher the risk. Ten years after quitting smoking, the risk returns to about that of someone who never smoked.
Question: How common is pancreatic cancer?
Answer: No one understands the underlying causes of pancreatic cancer, but certain risk factors have been identified. About one in 76 people will develop pancreatic cancer. People who have one or both of these are at higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer.
Question: Is the risk for pancreatic cancer hereditary?
Answer: No one understands the underlying causes of pancreatic cancer, but certain risk factors have been identified. People who have one or both of these are at higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer.
Question: Does caffeine help relieve headaches?
Answer: Whether it's a run-of-the-mill tension headache or a migraine, caffeine can help. That's why it's an ingredient in a lot of popular pain relievers. It can make them as much as 40% more effective. Sometimes you can stop the pain in its tracks just by having caffeine alone.
Question: How is caffeine related to a rebound headache?
Answer: A headache is one of the symptoms. This can happen when you have caffeine regularly, even as little as a cup of coffee a day. Too Much Medication: Caffeine can also a factor in what's known as a medication overuse, or rebound headache. This can happen when you take too much of any kind of pain reliever or take it too often. When the medicine wears off, the pain comes back worse than before. When you combine caffeine with pain relievers this condition is more likely.
Question: Could you cure your headache with caffeine?
Answer: It's possible for caffeine to both cause and cure a headache.
Question: Is caffeine connected to headaches?
Answer: It's possible for caffeine to both cause and cure a headache.
Question: What is caffeine withdrawal and how is it related to headaches?
Answer: Withdrawal: It's easy for your body to get so used to the effects of caffeine that when you don't have it in your system, you have withdrawal. A headache is one of the symptoms. This can happen when you have caffeine regularly, even as little as a cup of coffee a day.
Question: Does caffeine help treat hypnic headaches?
Answer: A very rare condition called hypnic headaches responds especially well to caffeine. These strike older people, waking them in the middle of the night with severe pain. Doctors typically tell people who get these to have a cup of coffee before bed.
Question: How can caffeine help with your headache?
Answer: Whether it's a run-of-the-mill tension headache or a migraine, caffeine can help. That's why it's an ingredient in a lot of popular pain relievers. It can make them as much as 40% more effective. Sometimes you can stop the pain in its tracks just by having caffeine alone. Caffeine helps reduce inflammation, and that can bring relief. It also gives a boost to common headache remedies. Whether you use aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen, they work faster and better and keep the pain away for longer when combined with caffeine. A very rare condition called hypnic headaches responds especially well to caffeine. These strike older people, waking them in the middle of the night with severe pain. Doctors typically tell people who get these to have a cup of coffee before bed.
Question: What can you do about drinking caffeine for headaches?
Answer: Be aware of how caffeine affects you, and pay attention to how much of it you drink and eat. If you get migraines, or if you find yourself having headaches frequently, you may want to try to cut down on caffeine or avoid it completely. It's best to do that gradually. For example, if you normally have 2 cups of coffee in the morning, start by cutting back to one. If you quit suddenly, it can take up to a week to get past the withdrawal symptoms. Keep track of your headaches and what seems to help. Get good sleep, and drink plenty of water. A nutritious diet and daily exercise can also help. Try to manage stress. You might be able to beat a headache with relaxation techniques, meditation, or massage instead of using medicine or caffeine.
Question: How does caffeine intake negatively affect headaches?
Answer: Oddly enough, what makes caffeine effective in pain relief can also cause headaches. Since caffeine narrows the blood vessels that surround your brain, when you stop taking it they expand again, and that can cause pain.
Question: Does caffeine help reduce inflammation?
Answer: It also gives a boost to common headache remedies. Whether you use aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen, they work faster and better and keep the pain away for longer when combined with caffeine. Since caffeine narrows the blood vessels that surround your brain, when you stop taking it they expand again, and that can cause pain.
Question: How will a doctor know for sure if you had a stroke?
Answer: At the hospital, a doctor will examine the person and run tests to confirm the diagnosis and to see if the stroke was caused by clots or from bleeding in the brain. Tests may include an MRI or a CT scan.
Question: What sleep milestones should you expect in your 3-month-old?
Answer: Your 3-month-old's nervous system is maturing, and his stomach can accommodate more milk or formula. Those changes should allow your baby to sleep for a stretch of six or seven hours at a time, which translates into a good night's sleep for you. If your baby does wake up in the middle of the night, wait about 30 seconds before heading into the nursery. Sometimes, babies will cry for a few seconds and then go back to sleep. When you rush in at the first sound of fussing, your baby won't learn how to fall back asleep on his own.
Question: When should you call the doctor about missed milestones in your 3-month-old?
Answer: Don't be alarmed if your 3-month-old misses a milestone, especially if he was born prematurely. However, do call your pediatrician if your baby hasn't done the following things by three months: Responded to noises Followed people or objects with his eyes Smiled Reached for objects A number of experts offer advice on parenting, particularly on how to get your baby to sleep through the night.
Question: What senses milestones should you expect in your 3-month-old?
Answer: Your 3-month-old's hearing and vision are improving. Babies this age turn their heads and smile at the sound of their parents' voices, and they love listening to all kinds of music. Your baby will still prefer to look at brightly colored toys. That's because sharp contrasts are easier to see. Faces are absolutely fascinating to 3-month-old babies. Look at him and he will stare back into your eyes. Your infant will also gaze intently at his own reflection in a crib mirror.
Question: What are some tips for your babyâs third month?
Answer: However, do call your pediatrician if your baby hasn't done the following things by three months: Responded to noises Followed people or objects with his eyes Smiled Reached for objects A number of experts offer advice on parenting, particularly on how to get your baby to sleep through the night. Listen to the advice, but trust your instincts. If letting your baby cry it out (the Ferber method) doesn't work for your baby and it goes against your beliefs as a parent, don't do it. You might hear from a friend or family member that starting your baby on solid foods now will help him sleep through the night. But you need to wait at least one more month. The American Academy of Pediatrics doesn't recommend that babies eat anything but breast milk or formula until they are between 4 months and 6 months old.
Question: What motor skills milestones should you expect in your 3-month-old?
Answer: You've probably also noticed that baby's neck strength is improving. When you hold him upright, you should see very little or even no head wobbling. Three-month-old babies also should have enough upper-body strength to support their head and chest with their arms while lying on their stomach and enough lower body strength to stretch out their legs and kick. As you watch your baby, you should see some early signs of hand-eye coordination. Your baby's hands can open and shut, come together, swipe at colorful dangling toys, briefly grab a toy or rattle, and go straight into the mouth. Your baby's daytime sleep schedule should also become more routine by now.
Question: What communication milestones should you expect in your 3-month-old?
Answer: When you hold him upright, you should see very little or even no head wobbling. As you watch your baby, you should see some early signs of hand-eye coordination. At three months, your baby is becoming more of a unique human being. This is the stage that child psychiatrist Margaret Mahler referred to as ''hatching,'' when babies come out of their ''shells'' and begin to react and relate to the world around them. Part of this hatching process involves interacting with people and smiling for pleasure, otherwise known as social smiles. By the third month, crying is no longer your baby's primary method of communication. Eventually, he will start forming his own sounds and making his own gestures. If letting your baby cry it out (the Ferber method) doesn't work for your baby and it goes against your beliefs as a parent, don't do it.
Question: What are the different types of thyroid cancer?
Answer: There are four main types of thyroid cancer: Papillary (the most common type) Follicular Medullary Anaplastic If your doctor finds cancer, he'll begin the process of staging.
Question: What are the stages of medullary thyroid cancer?
Answer: The following things apply to everyone who has this type of cancer, no matter their age. Stage I -- The tumor is 2 centimeters or smaller. It's only in your thyroid. Stage II -- It's larger than 2 centimeters and found only in your thyroid. Or, it's any size but has spread to tissues beyond your thyroid. It hasn't spread to your lymph nodes. Stage III -- It may be smaller or larger than 2 centimeters and may also be in the tissues beyond your thyroid. The cancer is now in the lymph nodes near your voice box and windpipe. Stage IV -- As with follicular and papillary thyroid cancer, stage IV means that the cancer has spread to distant sites in your body, and the letters â A,â â B,â and â Câ indicate where it has gone.
Question: What are the stages of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, stage IV?
Answer: If you are at stage IV, it means the cancer has spread. Your doctor assigns the letters â A,â â Bâ and â Câ to show how far. Stage IVA -- The cancer has spread beyond your thyroid. It now is under your skin, or it affects your larynx, esophagus or trachea. A smaller tumor in more distant lymph nodes is also considered stage IVA. Stage IVB -- The tumor has grown toward your spine or into nearby large blood vessels, like the carotid arteries. These carry blood to your brain, face, and neck. It might have also spread to your lymph nodes. Stage IVC -- The cancer has spread beyond the thyroid, and to distant sites of the body. It may be in your lungs, bones, and lymph nodes.
Question: What is the TNM staging system for thyroid cancer?
Answer: The American Joint Committee on Cancer created the system that's most often used to describe the stages of thyroid cancer. It's called the â TNMâ system, and it focuses on these three things: T -- How big is the main tumor, and has it spread to other areas of the body? N -- Has the cancer spread to nearby lymph nodes? ( These are bean-shaped cells that help your body fight infection). M -- Has the cancer spread, or metastasized, to other areas of the body or organs, namely the lungs, liver, and bones?
Question: What are the main types of thyroid cancer?
Answer: The thyroid is a gland at the base of your throat. It makes hormones that help your body work properly. There are four main types of thyroid cancer: Papillary (the most common type) Follicular Medullary Anaplastic If your doctor finds cancer, he'll begin the process of staging. He'll run tests to see if it has spread to other parts of your body.
Question: What are the stages of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer in patients under age 45?
Answer: Here's what each stage of thyroid cancer means, grouped by types: Stage I -- The tumor can be any size. It may have spread nearby tissues or nearby lymph nodes. But it hasn't spread to other parts of the body. Stage II -- The tumor is any size. Cancer may have spread to your lymph nodes. It also has spread to other parts of your body, like your lungs or bones.
Question: What are the stages of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer in patients age 45 and older?
Answer: The tumor is 2 centimeters (about the size of a nickel) or smaller. Stage II -- You only have cancer in your thyroid. The tumor is more than 2 centimeters but less than 4 centimeters. Stage III -- The tumor is larger than 4 centimeters and has spread to tissues near your thyroid, or it's smaller and has reached your nearby lymph nodes. Here's what each stage means: Stage IVA -- Cancer is in your thyroid.
Question: What are usual symptoms of food allergies that will lead to asthma?
Answer: Additives, such as sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite, are commonly used in food processing or preparation and can be found in foods such as: Dried fruits or vegetables Potatoes (packaged and some prepared) Wine and beer Bottled lime or lemon juice Shrimp (fresh, frozen, or prepared) Pickled foods For most people, the usual symptoms of food allergies are hives, rash, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. If you have food allergies that trigger symptoms of an asthma attack, you will likely have these allergy symptoms, followed by coughing and wheezing. And if not caught quickly, anaphylaxis -- swelling of the throat, cutting off your airway -- may result.
Question: How can keeping epinephrine help me deal with asthma?
Answer: If your allergies are severe, you should keep two epinephrine shot kits with you that are always easy to get to. If you have any sign of anaphylaxis, don't hesitate to use the epinephrine auto-injector, even if you aren't sure your symptoms are allergy-related. Using the auto-injector as a precaution won't hurt you and might save you. Dial 911 after you give yourself the shot.
Question: How can allergy shots help me deal with asthma?
Answer: They can train your immune system to not overreact. The doctors will give you allergy shots (immunotherapy) -- a small amount of the substance that causes your allergy. After repeated shots over a period of time, your immune system eventually stops causing the allergic reaction. Ask your doctor if you're a candidate for allergy shots. Sublingual immunotherapy ( SLIT) is an alternative to allergy shots.
Question: What food preservatives can trigger asthma attack?
Answer: Foods rarely trigger an asthma attack. Additives, such as sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite, are commonly used in food processing or preparation and can be found in foods such as: Dried fruits or vegetables Potatoes (packaged and some prepared) Wine and beer Bottled lime or lemon juice Shrimp (fresh, frozen, or prepared) Pickled foods For most people, the usual symptoms of food allergies are hives, rash, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Question: What foods most often cause allergic symptoms in people with asthma?
Answer: But the symptoms of a severe allergic reaction to some foods can mimic asthma symptoms. The most common foods associated with allergic symptoms are: Eggs Cow's milk Peanuts Soy Wheat Fish Shrimp and other shellfish Tree nuts Food preservatives can also trigger an asthma attack. If you have food allergies that trigger symptoms of an asthma attack, you will likely have these allergy symptoms, followed by coughing and wheezing.
Question: Can cancer therapy dogs sit on beds or other hospital equipment?
Answer: The animals shouldn't come in contact with wounds or equipment, and they aren't allowed to visit patients who are eating or drinking.
Question: How often do therapy dogs for cancer stay at the hospital?
Answer: Most of these dogs live at home with their owners and make routine visits to cancer facilities. The visits usually last less than 2 hours, and the animals typically stay with each person for about 15 or 20 minutes. Dogs can go to rooms, treatment areas like chemotherapy suites, and lounges or group areas.
Question: Can cancer therapy dogs give me diseases?
Answer: The dogs are screened regularly by a vet and kept current on all their shots, including rabies. It's possible for a dog to pass on diseases to people or injure them. But such things rarely, if ever, happen with trained, registered therapy dogs.
Question: How do I arrange a visit with a cancer therapy dog?
Answer: Most service a local area, but some will bring a pup wherever you are. Some therapy dogs make regularly scheduled visits to facilities, say once or twice a week. If you're just not up for it when the dog comes, you can reschedule for next time. Check with your hospital liaison to get help setting one up.
Question: What kind of dogs are therapy dogs for cancer?
Answer: Therapy dogs come in all shapes, sizes, and breeds, including golden retrievers, poodles, dachshunds, pugs, and German shepherds. But certain canines match up better with specific people. For example, an active child may do better with an active dog who likes to play and can fetch a ball. If you're not feeling well or are in pain, a calm dog who can lie on the bed with you may be a better choice.
Question: Can therapy dogs for cancer help with physical therapy?
Answer: They can help with physical therapy, too. When you pet a dog, that can help improve your sensory and fine motor skills. A canine may even help you with the all-important first step: getting out of bed. Walking with a dog on a leash and playing games with it can help your balance and coordination.
Question: Are cancer therapy dogs clean?
Answer: Anyone who comes in contact with the dog should wash their hands before and afterward. The dogs are usually bathed the day before a therapy session and brushed right before seeing patients. The therapy vest many of the animals wear helps catch loose hair.
Question: What is systolic and diastolic blood pressure?
Answer: For example, a blood pressure reading is written as 120/80 mm Hg, or "120 over 80". The systolic pressure is 120 and the diastolic pressure is 80.
Question: What lifestyle changes can help treat high blood pressure?
Answer: Lifestyle changes for high blood pressure include: Losing weight Quitting smoking Eating a healthy diet, such as the DASH diet, which is high in fruits, vegetables, lean protein and whole grains and low in salt and fat Reducing the amount of salt in your diet Regular aerobic exercise (such as brisk walking) Limiting alcohol consumption Seeking treatment for sleep apnea Commonly prescribed high blood pressure drugs include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and alpha-blockers (alpha-adrenergic antagonists).
Question: What drugs are commonly prescribed for high blood pressure?
Answer: Lifestyle changes for high blood pressure include: Losing weight Quitting smoking Eating a healthy diet, such as the DASH diet, which is high in fruits, vegetables, lean protein and whole grains and low in salt and fat Reducing the amount of salt in your diet Regular aerobic exercise (such as brisk walking) Limiting alcohol consumption Seeking treatment for sleep apnea Commonly prescribed high blood pressure drugs include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and alpha-blockers (alpha-adrenergic antagonists).
Question: What helps someone rehydrate if they have traveler's diarrhea?
Answer: Avoid caffeinated, sugary, and alcoholic drinks, which can worsen diarrhea. If you have diarrhea more than 4 times a day, or are more at risk of dehydration (kids and seniors), use premixed oral rehydration solutions available at drug stores. They provide a balance of water and electrolytes (potassium and sodium) lost in your stools. If you do not feel like eating solid foods at first, you may start the BRAT diet -- bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast -- or salted soda crackers, boiled potatoes, and cereals after 24 hours. Avoiding dairy products for the first 24 hours may help.