anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How can wearing hearing protection help you prevent hearing loss?
Answer: If you know you're going to be around loud sounds for more than a few minutes, think about wearing protection, such as: Earplugs. Usually made of foam or rubber, they go in your ear canal and can reduce noise by 15 to 30 decibels. You can buy them off-the-shelf or have them custom-made to fit you. Some earplugs lower noise levels evenly across all frequencies. They're useful for people who need to make sound quieter but undistorted, such as musicians. Earmuffs. These fit completely over your ears and reduce sounds by about 15 to 30 decibels. They have to fit tightly over both ears to block sound.
Question: How can you prevent more damage if you have hearing loss?
Answer: Make an appointment to get a hearing test if you: Have close relatives with hearing loss Have trouble hearing conversations Are around loud noises on a regular basis Often hear ringing in your ears If you have some hearing loss, you can avoid getting more damage by steering clear of loud noises. If your problem is severe enough, think about a hearing aid or other treatment. Be sure to see your doctor if you have a sudden change in what you can hear that you can't explain. It could be a symptom of other serious medical problems.
Question: How can enforcing quiet help you to prevent hearing loss?
Answer: Think about buying appliances and devices that have low noise ratings. And if it's too loud in the movie theater, restaurant, or any other place you go often, ask the manager to turn it down.
Question: What causes hearing loss?
Answer: Noise: A lot of loud sound over time can damage the hair cells in your ears. Here are eight tips to help keep your ears as sharp as possible.
Question: How can checking your medications help prevent hearing loss?
Answer: A buildup of wax in your ears can muffle sound. If you must take a medication that may harm your ears, make sure your doctor checks your hearing and balance before and during your treatment.
Question: How can limiting the sounds in your life help you prevent hearing loss?
Answer: Many adults eventually realize they're pressing the âvolume upâ button on the TV remote more often, or that a lot of people around them need to speak up. If you have to shout over the noise around you, it's loud enough to damage your hearing. Noise-induced hearing loss is a result of the loudness of sounds and how long you hear them.
Question: Should I eat carbs to treat irritable bowel syndrome with constipation?
Answer: Keep some carbs. Be mindful of low-carb diets. A high-protein and low-carb diet can cause constipation. You need protein, but don't cut out the carbs from fruits and vegetables. They'll help keep your digestive track working.
Question: If I have IBS-C, should I have more fiber?
Answer: Fiber makes stool easier to pass. It helps many people with IBS- C symptoms, but not everyone.
Question: Will a symptom journal help me control my irritable bowel syndrome?
Answer: An IBS symptom journal can help you and your doctor figure out which foods may trigger your symptoms. Make a habit of writing down any symptoms you might have, along with what and how much you ate beforehand. If you see a pattern with certain foods, see if you feel better when you don't eat them, or cut back on how much of them you eat. But cut foods one at a time. If you cut several foods at the same time, you won't know for sure which one may be causing your symptoms.
Question: Should I have prunes and liquids to treat irritable bowel syndrome with constipation?
Answer: Some fruity foods that are higher in the sugar sorbitol, such as prunes, dried plums (another name for prunes), and prune juice, can loosen bowels. But again, too much can cause gas, bloating, cramping, and diarrhea. Some people find ground flaxseed helps ease their IBS- C symptoms. You can sprinkle it on salads, cooked vegetables, and cereals. Keeping yourself well-hydrated can help, too. Drink plenty of liquids like water and juice. But coffee, carbonated drinks, and alcohol can dehydrate you and make your IBS- C symptoms worse.
Question: How much fiber should I eat if I have irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C)?
Answer: Too little roughage in your diet can make it hard to have a bowel movement. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends 25 grams of fiber for women and 38 grams for men each day. People over age 50 may need a little less fiber (21 grams for women and 30 grams for men). You can get fiber in foods such as: Whole-grain bread and cereals Fruits Vegetables Beans Although meeting your daily fiber needs is best accomplished by eating the right foods, taking a fiber supplement can also help. Your body will need time to get used to it, so add a little each day. But coffee, carbonated drinks, and alcohol can dehydrate you and make your IBS- C symptoms worse.
Question: Where can you find xylitol?
Answer: The amount naturally found in foods is very small. However, it is increasingly found as an ingredient (additiive) in more and more foods and health products. In addition to gum, xylitol can be found in some hard candies, chocolate, table syrup, jams, jellies, baked goods, cough syrup, vitamins, some nut butters, over-the-counter medications and many others.
Question: Does xylitol interact with any foods, supplements, herbs, or other drugs?
Answer: Doctors don't know of any interactions with other herbs, supplements, drugs, or foods. Tell your doctor about any you're taking, even if they're natural. That way, your doctor can check on any potential side effects or interactions with medications, foods, or other herbs and supplements.
Question: What are the risks of taking xylitol?
Answer: Xylitol is mostly safe, especially if taken in amounts found in food. The FDA has approved xylitol as a food additive or sweetener. If you take large amounts of xylitol, such as 30 to 40 grams, you may experience diarrhea or gas. There is not enough information to confirm xylitol's safety in pregnant and breastfeeding women, so they should not use it for medicinal purposes. Although some animal studies have shown tumor growth resulting from high doses of xylitol over long periods, more research is needed.
Question: What is xylitol used for?
Answer: People with diabetes sometimes use xylitol as a sugar substitute. Blood sugar levels stay at a more constant level with xylitol than with regular sugar. Some types of gum or oral care products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash, also contain xylitol. Mouth bacteria can't use xylitol as a source of energy, so it may help prevent tooth decay and the buildup of plaque. Researchers have studied the use of xylitol to prevent sudden attacks of middle ear inflammation (otitis media) in children with frequent earaches. More studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness for this and other uses.
Question: How do I treat bleeding under a nail?
Answer: But the pressure generated by pooled blood under the nail can be extremely painful. To relieve the pain, your doctor may perform decompression, also called trephination, which allows the underlying blood to drain, relieving pressure and pain to the area.
Question: What should I know about bleeding under a nail?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Your doctor may call it a âsubungual hematomaâ if you have bleeding under a fingernail or toenail. It usually happens if the nail gets crushed in an injury. It can cause symptoms such as intense pain and throbbing as blood collects under the nail. Unless you also have broken bones or damage to the nail bed and/or surrounding tissues, this injury usually isn't worrisome.
Question: What are complications associated with using needles to treat bleeding under a nail?
Answer: The main complication associated with decompression is a small risk of infection in the residual hematoma. If you have bleeding under a large area of the nail surface, the nail bed may be injured. In this case, your doctor may need to remove the entire nail and use stitches to repair the nail bed.
Question: How is cautery used to treat bleeding under a nail?
Answer: The doctor uses a heated wire (electrocautery device) or carbon laser to burn a hole or holes. The heated tip of the wire is cooled by contact with the hematoma, which prevents injury to the nail bed. This is a quick and painless procedure.
Question: What are the symptoms of bleeding under the nail?
Answer: The most common symptom is severe, throbbing pain. It happens because of the pressure of blood collecting between the nail and the nail bed. You may also have: A dark-colored discoloration (red, maroon, or purple-black) under all or part of the affected nail Tenderness and swelling of the tip of the affected finger or toe If you had a severe blow to a finger or toe, either seek immediate medical attention from your doctor or go to an emergency room.
Question: What causes a nail to bleed underneath?
Answer: These injuries can happen easily. You might: Slam your finger in a car door or house door Hit your finger with a heavy object such as a hammer Drop a heavy object such as a dumbbell on your toe Stub your toe on a hard surface If you have a darkened area under a nail and haven't had an injury, see your doctor to rule out other possible causes.
Question: How is bleeding under a nail diagnosed?
Answer: You may also have: A dark-colored discoloration (red, maroon, or purple-black) under all or part of the affected nail Tenderness and swelling of the tip of the affected finger or toe If you had a severe blow to a finger or toe, either seek immediate medical attention from your doctor or go to an emergency room. You should do this in case you have broken bones or serious damage to the nail bed and/or surrounding tissues. Your doctor will examine your nail. You'll probably also have an X-ray taken to see if you have a bone fracture or other injury.
Question: What are tips for treating acne?
Answer: To reduce acne and its damage to your skin, follow these tips. Choose a cleanser specially formulated for acne. Clean your face gently, as trauma to the acne breakouts may worsen the acne or cause scarring. If you need to use a moisturizer, use only light, non-comedogenic moisturizers, which do not aggravate acne. There are oil-free moisturizers on the market that contain anti-bacterial agents for acne-prone skin. Picking can result in further inflammation and possible scarring.
Question: Should I avoid certain drugs while taking beta-blockers?
Answer: A beta-blocker is often prescribed with other medications such as a diuretic, ACE inhibitor, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor ( ARNI), or angiotensin receptor blocker ( ARB). If you have side effects after taking your medications together, call your doctor or nurse. You may need to change the times you take each drug. It's important that your doctor be aware of all the medications you are taking, as some may interact with beta-blockers. Talk to your doctor before taking any new drug, including over-the-counter drugs, herbs, and supplements.
Question: What are the types of beta-blockers?
Answer: There are several types of beta-blockers, but only three are approved by the FDA to treat heart failure: Bisoprolol ( Zebeta) Carvedilol ( Coreg) Metoprolol ( Toprol) They may be taken with meals, at bedtime, or in the morning.
Question: What do beta-blockers do for people with heart failure?
Answer: Drugs called beta-blockers perform four main tasks essential for people with heart failure: Improve your heart's ability to relax Decrease the production of harmful substances your body makes in response to heart failure Slow your heart rate Improve the heart's pumping ability over time If you have heart failure, you need beta-blockers -- even if you do not have symptoms.
Question: How should you take beta blockers to treat heart failure?
Answer: There are several types of beta-blockers, but only three are approved by the FDA to treat heart failure: Bisoprolol ( Zebeta) Carvedilol ( Coreg) Metoprolol ( Toprol) They may be taken with meals, at bedtime, or in the morning. Food delays how your body absorbs beta-blockers, but they also may reduce side effects. Follow the directions on the label. Beta-blockers shouldn't be used if you have very low blood pressure (hypotension) or a slow pulse (bradycardia) that may cause you to feel dizzy or lightheaded. If you have severe lung congestion, your doctor will treat your congestion before prescribing a beta-blocker. While you are taking this beta-blocker, your doctor may tell you to take and record your pulse daily. He'll tell you how rapid your pulse should be. If your pulse is slower than it should be or your blood pressure is less than 100, call your doctor about taking your beta-blocker that day. Never stop taking your medicine without speaking to your doctor first, even if you feel that it's not working. When you start taking beta-blockers, your heart failure symptoms may become a bit worse while your heart adjusts to the medication. This is normal, but let your doctor or nurse know if you become extremely tired, gain more than 5 pounds, have trouble breathing, or have other signs of congestion or swelling. Once your heart adjusts, you will feel better.
Question: What beta-blockers do doctors use to treat heart failure?
Answer: There are several types of beta-blockers, but only three are approved by the FDA to treat heart failure: Bisoprolol ( Zebeta) Carvedilol ( Coreg) Metoprolol ( Toprol) They may be taken with meals, at bedtime, or in the morning.
Question: How do beta-blockers help with heart failure?
Answer: Drugs called beta-blockers perform four main tasks essential for people with heart failure: Improve your heart's ability to relax Decrease the production of harmful substances your body makes in response to heart failure Slow your heart rate Improve the heart's pumping ability over time If you have heart failure, you need beta-blockers -- even if you do not have symptoms. Beta-blockers are prescribed for patients with systolic heart failure and improve survival, even in people with severe symptoms.
Question: What are the side effects associated with taking beta-blockers for heart failure?
Answer: Dizziness or lightheadedness: This may be strongest when you get out of bed or get up from a chair. Get up more slowly. Call your doctor or nurse if these symptoms don't go away or are severe. Tiredness, cold hands and feet, headache , nightmares , trouble sleeping, heartburn , diarrhea or constipation , or gas. Weight gain is common as your doctor increases your medication dose. Call your doctor if you gain 3 or more pounds in 1 day, or if you continue to gain weight for more than 2 days. Increased shortness of breath; wheezing ; trouble breathing; skin rash ; slow, fast, or irregular heartbeat ; swelling of feet and lower legs; chest pain . If you have these, you may become dehydrated, which can lead to low blood pressure. Call your doctor or nurse. Also call your doctor or nurse if you have any other symptoms that cause concern.
Question: What are side effects of beta-blockers?
Answer: Dizziness or lightheadedness: This may be strongest when you get out of bed or get up from a chair. Weight gain is common as your doctor increases your medication dose. Increased shortness of breath; wheezing ; trouble breathing; skin rash ; slow, fast, or irregular heartbeat ; swelling of feet and lower legs; chest pain . Severe vomiting or diarrhea . Also call your doctor or nurse if you have any other symptoms that cause concern.
Question: Should you avoid taking certain drugs while taking beta-blockers?
Answer: Call your doctor or nurse. You may need to change the times you take each drug. It's important that your doctor be aware of all the medications you are taking, as some may interact with beta-blockers. Talk to your doctor before taking any new drug, including over-the-counter drugs, herbs, and supplements.
Question: How does immunotherapy for cancer work?
Answer: The shots put your immune system on alert, but they didn't make you sick. Over time, your doses got bigger. That helped you build a tolerance to the allergen. In other words, you became immune. Those allergy shots were a type of immunotherapy. So are vaccines for diseases like measles and mumps. How does that relate to cancer? The disease starts when one cell in your body goes rogue. Researchers hope immunotherapy treatment will harness the power of your body's natural defenses to fight cancer cells, just like it would with a germ, virus, or allergy. One approach is to tell your system to stage a full-out assault on cancer cells. Another is to try to make your defenses stronger. Researchers are exploring many ways to help your immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells.
Question: What is the future of immunotherapy as a cancer treatment?
Answer: Researchers are trying to find ways to help your immune system fight cancer, and to better understand your defenses and how they protect you. Science is also looking at how to combine immunotherapy with other treatments to make them work even better. Researchers are even looking into what happens when you pair two types of immunotherapy. One big question that still remains: Why does this -- like traditional treatments -- work for one patient, but not another? Study -- and with it, discovery -- goes on.
Question: What is adoptive T-cell immunotherapy for cancer?
Answer: This is designed to boost your key immune cells. Basically, researchers remove T cells (white blood cells in your immune system) from your tumor, then figure out which ones are fighting the growth the most. Once that's known, scientists genetically engineer the genes in those cells to be stronger and return them to your system through an IV. This approach shows a lot of promise in the treatment of many different types of cancer.
Question: Why is immunotherapy an important way to treat cancer?
Answer: These molecules treat many different types of cancer.
Question: What are checkpoint inhibitors for cancer?
Answer: This is designed to boost your key immune cells. These drugs help your immune system see the cancer as a problem, and fight it. Some monoclonal antibodies can have chemotherapy drugs or radioactive substances attached to them and can help stop the growth of cancer cells.
Question: What are monoclonal antibodies and how are they used in immunotherapy for cancer?
Answer: Monoclonal antibodies are molecules made in a laboratory. They attach to cancer cells. Then, like a beacon, they make those cells more visible to your immune system, so it can fight them better. Some monoclonal antibodies can have chemotherapy drugs or radioactive substances attached to them and can help stop the growth of cancer cells.
Question: Should I bring my medications with me to the hospital?
Answer: Bring in your medications. Your health care team at the hospital needs to know about every drug you take, whether it's prescription, over-the-counter, or an herbal supplement. One easy way to do this is to bring in all of your medications in a bag to show them.
Question: How can keeping a list of my drugs help prevent hospital medication errors?
Answer: Before surgery, start up a list of the drugs you'll probably be taking, along with doses and details about why you take the medicine (indication). Bring it with you to the hospital and keep it up to date. This way, you're more likely to notice any changes to your regimen.
Question: How can I make sure the hospital gives me the right medicines?
Answer: Make sure the medicine is for you. Another way to avoid a serious hospital medication error is to ask your nurse to compare your ID with the name on the prescription before you get it. Ask your family to help out. Since you might be drowsy and forgetful after surgery, it's great to have a family member or friend who's keeping track of your medication for you.
Question: How should I keep a list of my medications?
Answer: Bring in your medications. A written list with the names and dosing of your medication is also useful. Keep notes.
Question: What questions should I ask a nurse in the hospital when he or she gives me medication?
Answer: One easy way to do this is to bring in all of your medications in a bag to show them. How much do you need? How often do you need it? Asking questions is a key way of lowering the risk of errors. Another way to avoid a serious hospital medication error is to ask your nurse to compare your ID with the name on the prescription before you get it.
Question: How often should pregnant women with diabetes have their eyes checked for diabetic retinopathy?
Answer: Women with diabetes who become pregnant should have a comprehensive eye exam during the first trimester and close follow-up with an eye doctor during their pregnancy. ( This recommendation does not apply to women who develop gestational diabetes.)
Question: What are the signs of diabetic neuropathy?
Answer: Over time, diabetes can cause nerve damage that produces symptoms of numbness, burning, or pain. If your skin becomes numb, you may not notice small wounds that could grow to become bigger health threats. Check your feet and hands daily for redness, calluses, cracks, or skin breakdown. If you notice any of these symptoms before your next scheduled visit, notify your health care provider immediately.
Question: How can I be proactive about diabetic nephropathy if I have diabetes?
Answer: If you have diabetes, urine testing should be performed yearly to look for diabetic nephropathy -- kidney disease. A baseline creatinine blood test should also be done to determine your kidney function. Your health care provider will also check your blood pressure regularly, because control of high blood pressure is essential in slowing kidney disease. Blood pressure should be less than 130/80.
Question: Does having diabetes increase my risk of heart disease?
Answer: Diabetes complications include: Heart disease Stroke Kidney disease Nerve damage Eye damage Digestion problems Erectile dysfunction Skin problems Infection Dental problems Heart disease is one of the most common diabetes complications. In office visits, your doctor may perform various tests to check for heart disease and help you prevent any serious heart-related problems. At every visit, your health care provider will check your blood pressure. Your cholesterol level and triglycerides may be checked at your first visit. A baseline EKG should also be obtained as part of a complete medical record. Learn more about personal risk factors you have for heart disease, such as a family history or whether you smoke, and work out a prevention plan that includes weight loss, regular exercise, and stress management, as well as keeping your blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides at normal levels.
Question: How often should I have my eyes checked for diabetic retinopathy if I have diabetes?
Answer: To protect your vision, all people with diabetes should see an ophthalmologist (an eye doctor) at least yearly. As part of the eye exam the doctor will dilate your eyes so that he or she can see the back of the eye (retina) and determine if the diabetes is causing damage. In people with type 1 diabetes, these annual exams should start within three to five years of diabetes once the patient is age 10 or older. People with type 2 diabetes should have their first eye exam once they are diagnosed. Those with eye complications may need to see their ophthalmologist more frequently.
Question: How can I prevent my diabetes from causing skin problems?
Answer: As many as a third of people with diabetes will have a skin condition related to their disease at some time in their lives. High levels of glucose in the blood provide an excellent breeding ground for bacteria and fungi and can reduce the body's ability to heal itself. Fortunately, most skin conditions can be prevented and successfully treated if caught early. If your skin is not cared for properly with type 2 diabetes, a minor skin condition can turn into a serious problem with potentially severe consequences.