anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What should I expect for my child with Hunter syndrome (MPS II)?
Answer: Hunter syndrome usually affects how the boy looks: Large, round cheeks Broad nose Thick lips and a large tongue Bushy eyebrows Large head Slowed growth Thick, tough skin Short, broad hands with stiff, curled fingers He'll probably have these symptoms: Joint problems that make it hard to move Numbness, weakness, and tingling in his hands A lot of coughs, colds, and sinus and throat infections Breathing problems, including pauses in breathing at night, or sleep apnea Hearing loss and ear infections Trouble walking and weak muscles Bowel problems, such as diarrhea Heart problems, including damaged heart valves Enlarged liver and spleen Bone thickening When a boy's brain is affected, it's likely he'll have: Trouble thinking and learning by the time he is 2 to 4 years old Trouble talking Behavior problems such as a hard time sitting still or aggression Kids who have Hunter syndrome are usually cheerful and affectionate, despite the problems it can cause. Do they come and go? Kids with severe Hunter syndrome are less likely to reach adulthood. Their brains will slowly stop working, and eventually they'll need special care to make them comfortable. Parents of other Hunter syndrome boys are a great resource for understanding what's going on, sharing your feelings, and getting ideas for how to live with the condition. You can find ways to enjoy the time that you have with your child.
Question: What causes Hunter syndrome (MPS II)?
Answer: A dad with Hunter syndrome will pass the problem gene to his daughter, but she won't get the disease unless she gets the gene from her mom, too. It's possible -- but very, very unlikely -- that someone could develop Hunter syndrome even though no one in their family going back has had it. It replaces the protein their body doesn't make.
Question: Where can I get more information about Hunter syndrome (MPS II)?
Answer: If I have more children, are they likely to have this disease? They can also help you connect with other families who are facing the same challenges.
Question: Is Gaucher's disease a genetic condition?
Answer: Gaucher disease isn't something you "catch," like a cold or the flu. It's an inherited condition that's caused by a problem with the GBA gene. You get the disease when both of your parents pass along a damaged GBA gene to you. You can pass a faulty gene on to your children even if you don't have Gaucher disease.
Question: Can enzyme replacement therapy treat Gaucher's disease?
Answer: Enzyme replacement therapy is one option for people who have type 1 and some with type 3. It helps reduce anemia and shrinks an enlarged spleen or liver. Enzyme replacement therapy medications may include: Imiglucerase ( Cerezyme) Taliglucerase alfa ( Elelyso) Velaglucerase alfa ( VPRIV) Other medications for type 1 are eliglustat ( Cerdelga) and miglustat ( Zavesca).
Question: How does a doctor confirm that you have Gaucher's disease?
Answer: If your doctor thinks it's Gaucher disease, he can confirm that with a blood or saliva test. He'll also do tests regularly to track the condition. You may have an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan to see if your liver or spleen is swollen. You might also get a bone density test to check for any loss of bone. When Gaucher disease runs in your family, blood or saliva tests can help you find out if you could pass the disease to your child.
Question: What is cardiovascular Gaucher's disease?
Answer: This is rare and mainly affects your heart. You might have symptoms like: Hardening of the heart valves and blood vessels Bone disease Enlarged spleen Eye problems When you go to your doctor, he might ask: When did you notice your symptoms?
Question: What can I do to make needle pricks easier for my child with diabetes?
Answer: Kids don't like needle pricks, but there are ways to make this easier: Breathing exercises. Breathe deeply with her to help her relax. If she is calm, the pinch won't be so bad. If you have a younger child, have her blow into a bubble wand. That'll encourage her to exhale slowly and deeply. Let her choose which finger to prick. Have her count down to zero with you so she knows when she'll feel the stick.
Question: What tests should I do to check my child's blood sugar levels if they have diabetes?
Answer: Your child's doctor will tell you how often to check her blood sugar levels, what the target numbers are, and what method is best for her. You can prick her finger or test another body part, or your child may have a special blood glucose meter.
Question: Should I give my child with diabetes insulin?
Answer: It may be up to you to give her insulin, either by injection or through an insulin pump. Your doctor will let you know how much to give and when to give it.
Question: How can my child's diabetes stay under control while in school?
Answer: Make a medical management plan with the help of your child's doctor. Give her school a copy. It should spell out what the school should do for every situation. The following questions can help you get started: What treatment should she should get when her blood sugar levels are too high or too low? Can she monitor blood sugar levels herself? What are the guidelines for playing sports based on blood sugar levels or other factors? Together, you and the staff at your child's school can help make sure her diabetes stays under control.
Question: How can I get my child with diabetes to eat healthier?
Answer: If your child has diabetes, encourage the whole family to eat healthier. If everyone makes changes, she won't feel like she's missing out. Ask her doctor if she can have treats on special occasions like birthdays, and whether you'll need to adjust her insulin if she does.
Question: How can my teen manage her diabetes on her own?
Answer: If your teen is ready to manage her diabetes on her own, try these things to help her feel more responsible: Let go of control slowly, and make sure she can handle the job. Try not to nag about her self-care. Praise her when she does well. It will inspire her to want to keep up the good work. Allow her some alone time with the doctor. This can help her feel more in control of her care. Remind her that she can talk to you about anything, whenever she needs to.
Question: How does exercise affect my child's blood sugar levels if they have diabetes?
Answer: Exercise can affect blood sugar levels for up to 24 hours, so she may need to take extra insulin or eat extra snacks. The following questions can help you get started: What treatment should she should get when her blood sugar levels are too high or too low?
Question: What can I do to help my child with diabetes?
Answer: You check her blood sugar levels, give her insulin, make sure she eats the right foods, and keep her blood sugar in a healthy range at all times. It's a lot -- but you can manage when you know what to do in every situation. If your child has diabetes, encourage the whole family to eat healthier.
Question: Do I need to monitor exercise for my child with diabetes?
Answer: If your child plays sports or has plans to be more active than usual, check her blood sugar levels before she begins the activity. What are the guidelines for playing sports based on blood sugar levels or other factors?
Question: What medication for heartburn works best?
Answer: All of these over-the-counter medicines, to a varying degree, can relieve the symptoms of heartburn. If you have more severe heartburn symptoms that these medications don't relieve, or if you've been using these medicines for more than 2 weeks, call your doctor. You may need a stronger prescription medicine and tests to see what's causing your symptoms.
Question: How should you take antacids?
Answer: If you use the tablets, chew them well before swallowing for faster relief. Be sure to follow the directions on the label so you don't overdose or overuse antacids. Side effects include constipation, diarrhea, changes in the color of bowel movements, and stomach cramps. Take them according to the directions on the package or as advised by your doctor.
Question: Which medical conditions are often accompanied by anal fissures?
Answer: Anal fissures are seen more often with certain medical conditions, such as: Anal cancer Leukemia STDs and HIV Complications from other conditions, like Crohn's or ulcerative colitis They're caused by trauma or injury that stretches your anal canal.
Question: How can I keep anal fissures from coming back?
Answer: To help these fissures heal and keep them from coming back: Eat a healthy diet that has plenty of fiber. Stay well-hydrated. Avoid being constipated.
Question: Who gets anal fissures?
Answer: But you can have them at any age, even though your risk generally goes down as you get older.
Question: What shots will the veterinarian us to put my pet to sleep?
Answer: Many vets give the pet a shot of sedative before the euthanasia drug. The vet will explain to you what he's doing and where he's giving the shot. Some vets only use a sedative if the pet is frightened or can't relax.
Question: How does euthanasia medication work to put my pet to sleep?
Answer: The euthanasia medication most vets use is pentobarbital, a seizure medication. In large doses, it quickly renders the pet unconscious. It shuts down her heart and brain functions usually within one or two minutes. It is usually given by an IV injection in one of her legs.
Question: What happens after I've put my pet to sleep?
Answer: If you have children, explain what's happening in advance to help them prepare for the loss of their friend. Most vets will provide a blanket, bugt one from home may be more soothing to you pet, You may want to sit with your friend so you can pet and comfort her while the vet gives her the medicine. Many vets give the pet a shot of sedative before the euthanasia drug. Or you may not want to be there when your pet passes. Your city may have a company that will pick up your friend's remains from the vet's office or from your home. They'll cremate the pet and let you have time for a memorial service before if you want. Your vet may have a service he uses. If not, contact your local or state government for guidance and regulations.
Question: What are some connections between bone strength and ulcerative colitis?
Answer: Because you have ulcerative colitis, your bones might not be as strong as they should be. Thirty percent to 60% of people with inflammatory bowel disease (including UC and Crohn's disease) have low bone density, according to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. This could be because of the disease itself. Proteins called cytokines that are part of your response to inflammation may change how your body breaks down old bone and creates new bone. Another reason you may have weaker bones when you have UC is that corticosteroids, which treat your disease, make you more likely to get osteoporosis. Whatever the cause of your bone trouble, exercise can help.
Question: How can exercise help people with ulcerative colitis (UC) lift their mood?
Answer: If living with ulcerative colitis starts to wear you down emotionally, exercise can help. Doing anything aerobic can boost your mood because it prompts your body to make endorphins, which are your body's natural pain relievers and feel-good chemicals.
Question: How can exercise keep your muscles and joints working to treat ulcerative colitis (UC)?
Answer: As many as 1 of every 4 people with inflammatory bowel disease have inflammation in their joints, too. Inflammation, as well as corticosteroid use and problems with nutrition, can lead to weaker muscles, which puts more strain on your joints. Regular exercise makes your muscles stronger and helps your joints move more easily.
Question: What are activities for people with ulcerative colitis (UC) that can keep their muscles and joints working?
Answer: Try this: The weight-bearing activities that help your bones also help your muscles and joints. Aerobic or cardio exercise that gets your heart beating faster, such as fast walking, builds muscles and strengthens joints, too. If pain makes it tough, try low-impact workouts such as swimming or cycling. Stretching should also be part of your plan to help keep your muscles and joints flexible.
Question: How can exercise help people with ulcerative colitis (UC) lower stress?
Answer: Stress doesn't cause ulcerative colitis, but many people find that it makes their symptoms worse. Being active is a proven way to help tame stress.
Question: What are activities for people with ulcerative colitis (UC) that can help them lower their stress?
Answer: Try this: Choose an activity with gentle, relaxing movements. Try yoga, tai chi, or walking.
Question: How can exercise help people with ulcerative colitis (UC) prevent colon cancer?
Answer: That's not yet clear. But with so many perks from being active, it can't hurt to try, especially since people with ulcerative colitis are more likely to get colon cancer. Try this: Work up a sweat by walking fast, biking on hills, or other activities that really get you moving. If you're just starting out, go slow and gradually challenge yourself more as you build your fitness. For some people, hard exercise may trigger cramps and diarrhea, so you may need to keep the intensity moderate or switch to a different kind of exercise.
Question: What are activities for people with ulcerative colitis (UC) to lift their mood?
Answer: Try this: Take a brisk walk, go dancing, work out at the gym, or do any activity that you can comfortably enjoy.
Question: What drugs used to treat manic episodes are also used as maintenance treatment for bipolar disorder?
Answer: However, many other drugs used to treat manic episodes are also used for maintenance treatment. These drugs include: Antipsychotic medication Antidepressants Carbamazepine ( Tegretol) Valproate ( Depakote) A combination of these drugs may also be used.
Question: How likely is a relapse after remission from an acute episode for someone with bipolar disorder?
Answer: In bipolar disorder, after remission from an acute episode of mania or depression, a person is at an especially high risk of relapse for about six months. Thus, continuation and maintenance of (ongoing) therapy is often recommended as treatment for bipolar disorder. Anyone who has experienced two or more episodes of bipolar disorder generally is considered to have lifelong bipolar disorder, where the goal focuses not only on treating current symptoms but also preventing future episodes. That person should have maintenance therapy. Once your doctor has helped stabilize the moods of the acute phase of the disorder (either a manic or depressive episode), drug therapy is continued indefinitely -- sometimes at lower doses.
Question: How is lithium used to treat bipolar disorder?
Answer: Lithium (brand names include Eskalith or Lithobid) is the most widely used and studied medication for treating bipolar disorder. It has been used for more than 50 years and helps reduce the severity and frequency of manic states. It may also help relieve bipolar depression. People with bipolar disorder may take lifelong lithium as maintenance therapy to prevent relapses. When lithium treatment stops, relapses can occur within six months in 90% of patients. Moreover, subsequent lithium treatment may sometimes be less effective, particularly if lithium is stopped abruptly rather than gradually (meaning, over a period of 2 weeks or longer). Studies show that lithium can significantly reduce the risk of suicide among people with bipolar disorder. It also helps prevent future manic episodes. Lithium is a simple salt that acts on a person's central nervous system. Doctors don't know exactly how lithium works to stabilize mood. However, it helps people with bipolar disorder have more control over their emotions and cope better with the problems of daily life.
Question: What happens when you stop taking Adderall?
Answer: When you quit taking the drug, your dopamine levels drop and your body and brain have to adjust to the change. Most people who take it as instructed don't have any issues if they take a break from it. But if you use it too often or take too much, you might notice some effects when you stop.
Question: How can you prevent Adderall withdrawal symptoms?
Answer: Adderall should only be used under a doctor's care and typically for only a short time. There's no way to guarantee that you won't have withdrawal symptoms, but you may be less likely to if you: Take the medicine only as instructed. Get regular checkups while you're taking it. Talk to your doctor about lowering your dose before stopping.
Question: How is alcoholic hepatitis diagnosed?
Answer: Over time, it stops working right. Your doctor may ask about your medical past to see if there's reason to believe you may have alcohol-related liver problems. These will check your liver enzymes. Abnormally high levels are a sign of liver damage. Liver biopsy. It depends on how bad the condition is, but your doctor may suggest that you: Stop drinking alcohol.
Question: What is alcoholic hepatitis?
Answer: It's a serious condition that affects people who are, or used to be, heavy drinkers. It can cause short- or long-term liver damage. The liver is the largest organ in the body, and it removes poisons such as alcohol from the blood. Over time, it stops working right. You might also have a fever, stomachache, or liquid buildup in your belly, and you may lose weight. If you've been diagnosed with it or think you might have it, here's what you need to know.
Question: What are the side effects of vitamin K?
Answer: Group Adequate Intake Children 0-6 months 2 micrograms/day Children 7-12 months 2.5 micrograms/day Children 1-3 30 micrograms/day Children 4-8 55 micrograms/day Children 9-13 60 micrograms/day Girls 14-18 75 micrograms/day Women 19 and up 90 micrograms/day Women, pregnant or breastfeeding (19-50) 90 micrograms/day Women, pregnant or breastfeeding (under 19) 75 micrograms/day Boys 14-18 75 micrograms/day Men 19 and up 120 micrograms/day There have been no adverse effects of vitamin K seen with the levels found in food or supplements. However, this does not rule out danger with high dose. Researchers have not set a maximum safe dose.
Question: Where can you get vitamin K naturally?
Answer: Good natural food sources of vitamin K include: Vegetables like spinach, asparagus, and broccoli Legumes like green beans You can also meet your daily requirement with foods that have lesser amounts of vitamin K: Eggs Strawberries Meat like liver Side effects of oral vitamin K at recommended doses are rare.
Question: How effective is vitamin K?
Answer: Many drugs can interfere with the effects of vitamin K. They include antacids, blood thinners, antibiotics, aspirin, and drugs for cancer, seizures, high cholesterol, and other conditions.
Question: What is vitamin K?
Answer: Vitamin K is actually a group of compounds. The most important of these compounds appears to be vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Vitamin K1 is obtained from leafy greens and some other vegetables. Vitamin K2 is a group of compounds largely obtained from meats, cheeses, and eggs, and synthesized by bacteria. Vitamin K1 is the main form of vitamin K supplement available in the U. S. Recently, some people have looked to vitamin K2 to treat osteoporosis and steroid-induced bone loss, but the research is conflicting.
Question: When might you have a vitamin K deficiency?
Answer: While vitamin K deficiencies are uncommon, you may be at higher risk if you: Have a disease that affects absorption in the digestive tract, such as Crohn's disease or active celiac disease Take drugs that interfere with vitamin K absorption Are severely malnourished Drink alcohol heavily In these cases, a health care provider might suggest vitamin K supplements.
Question: Why do people take vitamin K?
Answer: Vitamin K1 is the main form of vitamin K supplement available in the U. S. Recently, some people have looked to vitamin K2 to treat osteoporosis and steroid-induced bone loss, but the research is conflicting. While vitamin K deficiencies are uncommon, you may be at higher risk if you: Have a disease that affects absorption in the digestive tract, such as Crohn's disease or active celiac disease Take drugs that interfere with vitamin K absorption Are severely malnourished Drink alcohol heavily In these cases, a health care provider might suggest vitamin K supplements. Uses of vitamin K for cancer, for the symptoms of morning sickness, for the removal of spider veins, and for other conditions are unproven.
Question: What are the risks of taking vitamin K?
Answer: Most people get enough vitamin K from their diets. Good natural food sources of vitamin K include: Vegetables like spinach, asparagus, and broccoli Legumes like green beans You can also meet your daily requirement with foods that have lesser amounts of vitamin K: Eggs Strawberries Meat like liver Side effects of oral vitamin K at recommended doses are rare. Many drugs can interfere with the effects of vitamin K. They include antacids, blood thinners, antibiotics, aspirin, and drugs for cancer, seizures, high cholesterol, and other conditions. You should not use vitamin K supplements unless your health care provider tells you to. They should not use vitamin K supplements unless advised to do so by their health care provider.
Question: How effective are psoriasis laser treatments?
Answer: Because laser treatment for psoriasis is still a relatively new therapy, research is still underway to confirm its effectiveness. Some studies find that most people who are treated with lasers see real improvements in their skin that can last anywhere from several months to a year. Results are usually seen within 8 to 10 sessions.
Question: What are side effects of psoriasis laser treatments?
Answer: Avoid laser treatments if you have: Lupus or scleroderma Sun sensitivity Xeroderma pigmentosum (an inherited disease that causes sensitivity to sunlight) Risks for, or a history of, skin cancer A condition that requires you to take medications that make you sensitive to the sun Laser therapy is generally safe, but some people have reported side effects after treatment, including: Temporary redness, itching, burning, and stinging Blistering Purple-colored spots (purpura) on the skin Darkening or lightening of the skin (hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation) Scarring More research is needed to determine whether exposure to UVB light from the excimer laser might increase the long-term risk for skin cancer.
Question: Are excimer lasers used to treat psoriasis?
Answer: Today, there is another option for treating psoriasis: excimer lasers, which deliver ultraviolet light to localized areas of the skin. This treatment uses intense, focused doses of laser light to help control areas of mild to moderate psoriasis without harming healthy skin around them. Targeted laser therapy is similar in effectiveness to traditional light therapy, but it works in fewer sessions with stronger doses of light that can reach deeper into the affected skin. The handheld laser wands are also good for reaching psoriasis in hard-to-treat areas, such as the elbows, knees, palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and scalp.
Question: Where are psoriasis laser treatments done?
Answer: Excimer laser treatments are performed in the dermatologist's office. Each session takes only a few minutes. During the treatment, the doctor aims the laser directly at patches of psoriasis. You might feel some warmth at the site or a snapping sensation against the skin.
Question: What dose of laser light will treat my psoriasis?
Answer: Your doctor will determine your dose of laser light based on the thickness of your psoriasis plaques and your skin color (a lower dose is used on lighter skin). During the procedure, you will be given dark goggles to protect your eyes.