anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are ureaplasma urealyticum and ureaplasma parvum, and how does a person get infected?
Answer: These bacteria live in the urinary tract and genitals of about half of all women and fewer men. Normally, they don't cause any problems. Ureaplasma can spread during sex. If you're pregnant and you're infected, you can pass the bacteria to your baby in the womb or during childbirth.
Question: What are the symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in women?
Answer: If you're infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you may get symptoms like: Sore throat Cough Fever Fatigue Headache To treat your infection, your doctor may suggest one of these types of antibiotics: Fluoroquinolones like levofloxacin or moxifloxacin Macrolides such as azithromycin or erythromycin Tetracyclines like doxycycline You get this if you have sex with someone who's infected. Some people don't have any symptoms. If you're a woman, you may notice that you: Have pain during sex Bleed from the vagina after sex Get a discharge from the vagina If you're a man, the infection can cause: Urethritis -- a swelling of the urethra, the tube that urine goes through as it leaves the body Stinging or burning when you pee Discharge from the penis To find out if you're infected, your doctor may do a test called NAAT to look for the bacteria's genes. To find out if you have an infection caused by this type of bacteria, your doctor will test a sample of fluid from your vagina or urethra.
Question: What are some symptoms of ureaplasma urealyticum and ureaplasma parvum infection?
Answer: These bacteria live in the urinary tract and genitals of about half of all women and fewer men. Some symptoms women can get are: It hurts when you pee Belly pain Pain, odor, or discharge from the vagina Swelling at the opening of the urethra Discharge from the urethra Men who are infected can get inflammation of the urethra, called urethritis.
Question: What are the symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in men?
Answer: If you're infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you may get symptoms like: Sore throat Cough Fever Fatigue Headache To treat your infection, your doctor may suggest one of these types of antibiotics: Fluoroquinolones like levofloxacin or moxifloxacin Macrolides such as azithromycin or erythromycin Tetracyclines like doxycycline You get this if you have sex with someone who's infected. Some people don't have any symptoms. If you're a woman, you may notice that you: Have pain during sex Bleed from the vagina after sex Get a discharge from the vagina If you're a man, the infection can cause: Urethritis -- a swelling of the urethra, the tube that urine goes through as it leaves the body Stinging or burning when you pee Discharge from the penis To find out if you're infected, your doctor may do a test called NAAT to look for the bacteria's genes. To find out if you have an infection caused by this type of bacteria, your doctor will test a sample of fluid from your vagina or urethra.
Question: What symptoms of chemical pneumonia need emergency medical care?
Answer: Immediate evaluation in a hospital's emergency department is necessary for treating the following conditions: Unconsciousness Cyanosis -- A blue discoloration of the mouth or skin Difficulty breathing Sudden change of voice Mouth or throat swelling Chest pain Shortness of breath Cough productive of frothy or bloody spit Altered thinking and reasoning skills Exposure to potentially deadly chemical Vomiting and aspiration The poison control center may suggest other conditions particular to the chemical that would need emergency care.
Question: What should you do if you have any symptoms of chemical pneumonia?
Answer: You can call your local poison control center for help. If your symptoms are serious, you will want immediate treatment at a hospital.
Question: What types of substances can cause chemical pneumonia?
Answer: Many substances can cause chemical pneumonia, including liquids, gases, and small particles, such as dust or fumes, also called particulate matter.
Question: What are the treatments for chemical pneumonia?
Answer: In chemical pneumonia, inflammation of lung tissue is from poisons or toxins. Frequently, the symptoms will be mild, the chemical will be well known, and the medical evaluation brief and focused. Many treatments are possible, including the following: IV fluids Oxygen by mask or tube Breathing treatment with medicine to open breathing tubes Steroid medications by IV or mouth Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by mouth Pain medications by IV or mouth Artificial ventilation (help breathing) Preventive antibiotics (sometimes) Prognosis depends on the chemical exposure and person's medical condition.
Question: What is chemical pneumonia?
Answer: Pneumonia usually is caused by a bacteria or virus. In chemical pneumonia, inflammation of lung tissue is from poisons or toxins. Only a small percentage of pneumonias are caused by chemicals. Chemical pneumonia is only one type of lung inflammation.
Question: How is narcolepsy diagnosed?
Answer: However, none of the major symptoms is exclusive to narcolepsy. Several specialized tests, which can be performed in a sleep disorders clinic or sleep lab, usually are required before a diagnosis can be established. Two tests that are considered essential in confirming a diagnosis of narcolepsy are the polysomnogram ( PSG) and the multiple sleep latency test ( MSLT). The PSG is an overnight test that takes continuous multiple measurements while a patient is asleep to document abnormalities in the sleep cycle. A PSG can help reveal whether REM sleep occurs at abnormal times in the sleep cycle and can eliminate the possibility that an individual's symptoms result from another condition. The MSLT is performed during the day to measure a person's tendency to fall asleep and to determine whether isolated elements of REM sleep intrude at inappropriate times during the waking hours. As part of the test, an individual is asked to take four or five short naps usually scheduled two hours apart.
Question: What causes narcolepsy?
Answer: Some experts think narcolepsy may be due to a deficiency in the production of a chemical called hypocretin by the brain. In addition, researchers have discovered abnormalities in various parts of the brain involved in regulating REM sleep. These abnormalities apparently contribute to symptom development. According to experts, it is likely narcolepsy involves multiple factors that interact to cause neurological dysfunction and REM sleep disturbances. However, none of the major symptoms is exclusive to narcolepsy.
Question: What are the symptoms of narcolepsy?
Answer: People with narcolepsy experience excessive daytime sleepiness and intermittent, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the daytime. It is in REM sleep that we can experience dreams and muscle paralysis -- which explains some of the symptoms of narcolepsy. It can cause symptoms ranging from slurred speech to total body collapse, depending on the muscles involved, and is often triggered by intense emotions such as surprise, laughter, or anger. Hallucinations : Usually, these delusional experiences are vivid and frequently frightening. The content is primarily visual, but any of the other senses can be involved. These are called hypnagogic hallucinations when accompanying sleep onset and hypnopompic hallucinations when they occur during awakening. Sleep paralysis : This symptom involves the temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking up. These episodes are generally brief, lasting a few seconds to several minutes. After episodes end, people rapidly recover their full capacity to move and speak.
Question: How is narcolepsy treated?
Answer: The content is primarily visual, but any of the other senses can be involved. Although there is no cure for narcolepsy, the most disabling symptoms of the disorder ( EDS and symptoms of abnormal REM sleep, such as cataplexy) can be controlled in most people with drug treatment. Sleepiness is treated with amphetamine-like stimulants, while the symptoms of abnormal REM sleep are treated with antidepressant drugs. There has recently been a new medication approved for those who suffer from narcolepsy with cataplexy. This drug, called sodium oxybate ( Xyrem, helps people with narcolepsy get a better night's sleep, allowing them to be less sleepy during the day. Lifestyle adjustments such as avoiding caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, and heavy meals, regulating sleep schedules, scheduling daytime naps (10-15 minutes in length), and establishing a normal exercise and meal schedule may also help to reduce symptoms.
Question: Can I be screened for breast cancer?
Answer: Studies have found that regular mammograms can help you live longer. But medical groups have different guidelines on when you should get them. Some recommend screening tests every other year starting at age 50 if you have a normal risk for breast cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends women starting at age 45 get yearly mammograms and those ages 40 â 44 should have the choice to begin yearly mammograms if they would like.
Question: When is it difficult to treat breast cancer?
Answer: Breast cancer caught early is easier to treat and cure than after it starts to spread. Some types of the disease are also more treatable than others. For example, a breast tumor that is "estrogen receptor positive" will benefit from drugs that lower estrogen levels. On the other hand, "triple negative" breast cancers tend to be more aggressive and don't benefit from targeted treatments.
Question: What makes the chances of recovery from prostate cancer good?
Answer: When that happens, they aren't harmful enough to need treatment. Many men with these types of tumors can live for years without problems. They often die of something other than their cancer.
Question: When is testicular cancer difficult to treat?
Answer: The 5-year survival rate for this type of tumor is 73%, still pretty high for a cancer in the late stages. Does screening help? There are no screening tests for testicular cancer.
Question: How can I be tested for thyroid cancer?
Answer: There are no recommended screening tests for thyroid cancer. Most people find out they have a tumor when they (or a doctor) feel lumps or swelling in their neck. Sometimes a doctor spots the problem when you get an ultrasound for another reason. Definitely tell your doctor if you feel a lump in your neck or if you have any symptoms such as trouble breathing or swallowing.
Question: Does screening for testicular cancer help the chances of recovery?
Answer: There are no screening tests for testicular cancer. Men should see their doctor if they feel a lump in a testicle, or if one becomes larger than the other. These could be early signs of a tumor.
Question: Does screening for melanoma help the chances of recovery?
Answer: You can check your skin for large, dark, oddly shaped, or raised blotches. It's especially important to check your back and your scalp, scrotum, and in between your toes. It's harder to see melanomas in these places. Tell your doctor right away if you notice any of these changes. He can tell you if the spot is normal or not. Get screened regularly by a dermatologist if you have a higher risk for melanoma, like if you've had it before or it runs in your family.
Question: How many people are alive five years after they have been diagnosed with prostate cancer?
Answer: People alive 5 years after a diagnosis: early stages of 0 and 1 - 99% to 100% What makes the chances of recovery good?
Question: What makes the chances of recovery from melanoma good?
Answer: You can usually spot melanoma skin cancer with the naked eye while it is still in its early stages. If it hasn't spread beyond the surface of the skin, doctors can remove and cure it with surgery.
Question: How many people are alive five years after they have been diagnosed with melanoma?
Answer: People alive 5 years after a diagnosis: 91.7% What makes the chances of recovery good?
Question: Can I be screened for testicular cancer?
Answer: There are no screening tests for testicular cancer. Men should see their doctor if they feel a lump in a testicle, or if one becomes larger than the other. These could be early signs of a tumor.
Question: When is thyroid cancer difficult to treat?
Answer: A type of the disease called anaplastic thyroid cancer has a 5-year survival rate of only 7%, but it's very rare.
Question: What makes a cure less likely for thyroid cancer?
Answer: A type of the disease called anaplastic thyroid cancer has a 5-year survival rate of only 7%, but it's very rare.
Question: What makes the chances of recovery from breast cancer good?
Answer: Modern medicine has made great strides against breast cancer. Doctors today know more about how to find and treat it. We also understand the condition much better than ever before. For instance, we now know that breast cancer is not one disease but many. Researchers have come up with different medications to treat specific types.
Question: How many people are alive five years after they have been diagnosed with breast cancer?
Answer: People alive 5 years after a diagnosis: early stages of 0 and 1 - 99% to 100% What makes the chances of recovery good?
Question: How many people are alive five years after they have been diagnosed with thyroid cancer?
Answer: People alive 5 years after diagnosis: about 98% (depending on tissue type) What makes the chances of recovery good?
Question: How many people are alive five years after they have been diagnosed with testicular cancer?
Answer: People alive 5 years after a diagnosis: 95.1% What makes the chances of recovery good?
Question: When is prostate cancer difficult to treat?
Answer: When cancer spreads (called metastatic cancer), it's much harder to treat. A small percentage of prostate cancers can move quickly to distant parts of the body. When that happens, only about 29% of men live 5 years after they're diagnosed. The good news is that doctors usually catch most prostate cancers early before they spread.
Question: Is it possible to survive breast cancer?
Answer: If you don't catch it early, melanoma is much more likely than other skin cancers to spread to other body parts. Modern medicine has made great strides against breast cancer. Doctors today know more about how to find and treat it. We also understand the condition much better than ever before. For instance, we now know that breast cancer is not one disease but many.
Question: Does screening for breast cancer help the chances of recovery?
Answer: That benchmark doesn't mean you can't die from cancer or even that you don't still have it in your body, but it is a good sign. PSA can go up for reasons other than prostate cancer, so some medical groups say men who have a normal risk for the disease shouldn't get the test. Some recommend screening tests every other year starting at age 50 if you have a normal risk for breast cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends women starting at age 45 get yearly mammograms and those ages 40 â 44 should have the choice to begin yearly mammograms if they would like.
Question: What makes the chances of recovery from testicular cancer good?
Answer: If a man has only one testicle removed (which is the norm), the other will usually make enough hormones for him to have sex and father children. For later-stage cancers, surgery and radiation or chemotherapy often work well. There are treatments that work well even for advanced testicular cancer. If it hasn't spread beyond the surface of the skin, doctors can remove and cure it with surgery.
Question: What makes the chances of recovery from thyroid cancer good?
Answer: The most common type of thyroid cancer, papillary, grows slowly. Even when tumors are large or start to grow into other nearby tissues, doctors often can treat and even cure this disease with surgery that removes the gland. After surgery, people take medicine to replace the hormones the thyroid makes. Doctors also are finding thyroid cancers earlier than ever before, which makes them easier to get rid of. It's especially important to check your back and your scalp, scrotum, and in between your toes.
Question: How can I test for prostate cancer?
Answer: One is the digital rectal exam, when your doctor checks inside your bottom with a gloved finger. The second is a blood test called the PSA test, which measures levels of a protein that's often higher in men with prostate cancer. PSA can go up for reasons other than prostate cancer, so some medical groups say men who have a normal risk for the disease shouldn't get the test. Talk with your doctor about whether you need testing. There are no screening tests for testicular cancer.
Question: Is it possible to survive prostate cancer?
Answer: When that happens, they aren't harmful enough to need treatment. Many men with these types of tumors can live for years without problems. They often die of something other than their cancer. People alive 5 years after a diagnosis: 91.7% What makes the chances of recovery good? Only 15%-20% of people who find melanomas after they've spread to other body parts will still be alive 5 years after their diagnosis.
Question: How do I find out the cause of my wheezing?
Answer: For example, if you have no history of lung disease and you always wheeze after eating a certain food or at a certain time of year, the doctor may suspect that you have a food or respiratory allergy. The doctor will listen to your lungs with a stethoscope to hear where the wheezing is and how much wheezing you have. If this is the first time you've been evaluated, your doctor will probably ask you to perform a breathing test (spirometry) and may also order a chest X-ray. Other blood tests and procedures may be necessary, depending on what the doctor learns from interviewing and examining you. If it seems like allergies may be related to your wheezing, there are a variety of other tests your doctor may use to verify allergies, including skin testing or blood tests. First off, see a doctor to determine the cause of your wheezing and then receive treatment for the specific cause.
Question: When should you call 911 about wheezing?
Answer: In emergencies, a medical team may administer any of the following: A shot of epinephrine to open clogged respiratory passages Oxygen A corticosteroid (such as methylprednisolone or prednisone) Frequent or continuous nebulizer (breathing) treatments A mechanical ventilator to help you breathe
Question: What are the treatments for wheezing if it is caused by asthma?
Answer: First off, see a doctor to determine the cause of your wheezing and then receive treatment for the specific cause. If wheezing is caused by asthma, your doctor may recommend some or all of the following to reduce inflammation and open the airways: A fast-acting bronchodilator inhaler -- albuterol ( Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA), levalbuterol ( Xopenex) -- to dilate constricted airways when you have respiratory symptoms An inhaled corticosteroid -- beclomethasone ( Qvar), budesonide ( Pulmicort), ciclesonide ( Alvesco), flunisolide ( Aerospan), fluticasone ( Flovent), mometasone ( Asmanex) A long-acting bronchodilator/corticosteroid combination -- budesonide/formoterol ( Symbicort), fluticasone/salmeterol ( Advair) A long-acting anticholinergic -- tiotropium bromide ( Spiriva Respimat). This drug is used in addition to a regular maintenance medication for better symptom control, and is available for use by anyone age 6 years and older. An asthma controller pill to reduce airway inflammation -- montelukast ( Singulair), zafirlukast ( Accolate) A non-sedating antihistamine pill -- cetirizine ( Zyrtec), fexofenadine ( Allegra), loratadine ( Claritin, Alavert) -- or a prescription nasal spray -- budesonide ( Rhinocort), fluticasone propionate ( Flonase), mometasone furoate ( Nasonex), triamcinolone acetonide ( Nasacort AQ) -- if you have nasal allergies. Flonase, Nasacort Allergy 24 HR and Rhinocort Allergy are also available over the counter.
Question: What are the treatments for wheezing if it is caused by acute bronchitis?
Answer: If you have acute bronchitis, your doctor may recommend some or all of the following: A bronchodilator -- albuterol ( Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA), levalbuterol, ( Xopenex) -- to help ease the wheezing as the infection clears. An antibiotic is usually not needed unless you have an underlying chronic lung problem or your doctor suspects a bacterial infection may be present. Generally, any mild wheezing that accompanies acute bronchitis disappears when the infection does.
Question: What can affect your blood pressure?
Answer: Blood pressure may go up or down depending on your: Age Heart condition Emotions Activity Medications One high reading doesn't mean you have high blood pressure. You have to measure your blood pressure at different times while resting to find out your typical value.
Question: What is a normal blood pressure?
Answer: The 100-120 is the systolic pressure; the diastolic pressure is 80. Blood pressure readings are written like fractions. For example, 120/80.
Question: How do you measure your pulse?
Answer: To measure your pulse, all you need is a watch with a second hand. Place your index and middle finger of your hand on the inner wrist of the other arm, just below the base of the thumb. You should feel a tapping or pulsing against your fingers. Count the number of taps you feel in 10 seconds, then multiply that number by six to find out your heart rate for 1 minute (pulse in 10 seconds x 6 = number of beats per minute).
Question: How does age affect your production of hormones and blood sugar?
Answer: Your body also starts making less of some hormones, including the human growth hormone. Women will create less estrogen and progesterone, and men often produce less of the sex hormone testosterone. And as you get older, you may be more prone to illness and infections that can spike your blood sugar.
Question: Is there anything I can take if menopause is affecting my blood sugar too much?
Answer: Testosterone therapy can improve your blood sugar levels.
Question: How does diabetes affect the timing of menopause?
Answer: You may reach menopause early if you have type 1 diabetes, but if you're overweight and have type 2, your changes could start later. That's because estrogen doesn't drop as quickly in heavier women.
Question: How do I know if my symptoms are due to menopause or blood sugar if I have diabetes?
Answer: The only way to know for sure -- and the safest thing to do -- is to test it. But checking too often can take an emotional toll. If you're worried, your doctor or diabetes educator can help you figure out how often to do it.
Question: Can menopause affect type 1 diabetes?
Answer: This can be a sign that your hormones are going down and you may need less insulin. It's important to know the difference between low blood sugar and moodiness or other perimenopause symptoms. You may reach menopause early if you have type 1 diabetes, but if you're overweight and have type 2, your changes could start later.
Question: Are menopause symptoms similar to high or low blood sugar symptoms?
Answer: As your body's changing, it's easy to confuse signs of menopause with symptoms of high or low blood sugar. Dizziness, sweating, irritability, and trouble concentrating could all result from hormonal changes or from blood sugar that's too high or too low.
Question: Does menopause affect blood sugar in people with diabetes?
Answer: As women get older, hormone changes before and during menopause often cause hot flashes, irritability, and trouble sleeping. Not only do these drops or spikes in the hormones impact your mood and life, but they can also affect your blood sugar. These ups and downs mean may mean you have to test your levels and make adjustments more often.
Question: How do age-related hormones affect blood sugar in men with diabetes?
Answer: Women will create less estrogen and progesterone, and men often produce less of the sex hormone testosterone. This can be a sign that your hormones are going down and you may need less insulin. Testosterone therapy can improve your blood sugar levels.