anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are the warning signs of penile cancer?
Answer: Growths on the penis that look bluish-brown Smelly discharge underneath the foreskin A sore on the penis, which may be bleeding Swelling at the end of the penis Lumps under the skin in the groin area Most men with these symptoms don't have penile cancer.
Question: What types of people are more at risk for penile cancer?
Answer: This type of cancer is more common in men over age 60, in smokers, and in those who have a weakened immune system.
Question: What is the main sign of penile cancer?
Answer: Changes in the penis skin are the most common symptom of penile cancer. They can show up on the foreskin of uncircumcised men, or on the penis tip (the glans) or shaft.
Question: How do imaging tests diagnose penile cancer?
Answer: Imaging tests, like X-rays, CT scans, ultrasounds, and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI).
Question: How is penile cancer treated?
Answer: If your cancer is in the early stages, your treatment may include: A medicine that goes on your skin as a cream Cryotherapy, a procedure that uses an extremely cold liquid or a device to freeze and destroy tissue that contains cancer Mohs surgery, in which doctors remove affected skin, one layer at a time, until they reach normal, healthy tissue Lasers to cut and destroy areas that contain cancer Circumcision, which is surgery to remove the foreskin. You would have this procedure if you only had cancer in your foreskin.
Question: How does a biopsy diagnose penile cancer?
Answer: The doctor will take a small sample of tissue from a skin lesion on the penis. Lab tests will check it for cancer cells.
Question: What is the treatment for advanced stages of penile cancer?
Answer: If your cancer is advanced or has a high risk of spreading, treatment may involve any of the above, and/or: Surgery to remove some or all o your inguinal lymph nodes if your cancer has spread to them Radiation and/or chemotherapy to rid your body of cancer cells A penectomy, which is surgery to remove some or all of your penis Most treatments for early-stage penile cancer don't affect your ability to have sex, but chemotherapy and radiation may. Talk to your doctor about possible side effects.
Question: How do I join a clinical trial for penile cancer?
Answer: Before you sign up, ask for information on what's involved, and what the risks and benefits would be. You can learn more about different trials throughout the U. S. at the National Cancer Institute's web site, http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials.
Question: How is penile cancer treated in the early stages?
Answer: If your cancer is in the early stages, your treatment may include: A medicine that goes on your skin as a cream Cryotherapy, a procedure that uses an extremely cold liquid or a device to freeze and destroy tissue that contains cancer Mohs surgery, in which doctors remove affected skin, one layer at a time, until they reach normal, healthy tissue Lasers to cut and destroy areas that contain cancer Circumcision, which is surgery to remove the foreskin. You would have this procedure if you only had cancer in your foreskin.
Question: How will my doctor test me for penile cancer?
Answer: Your doctor will give you a physical exam, talk with you about your symptoms, and may recommend other tests, such as: A biopsy. The doctor will take a small sample of tissue from a skin lesion on the penis. Lab tests will check it for cancer cells. Imaging tests, like X-rays, CT scans, ultrasounds, and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI). These look inside your body for tumors or other signs that cancer has spread.
Question: What are the symptoms of penile cancer?
Answer: Changes in the penis skin are the most common symptom of penile cancer. They can show up on the foreskin of uncircumcised men, or on the penis tip (the glans) or shaft. Warning signs of the disease can include: Changes in thickness or color of skin on the penis A lump on it A rash or small âcrustyâ bumps on it; it can look like an unhealed scab. Growths on the penis that look bluish-brown Smelly discharge underneath the foreskin A sore on the penis, which may be bleeding Swelling at the end of the penis Lumps under the skin in the groin area Most men with these symptoms don't have penile cancer. If your cancer is in the early stages, your treatment may include: A medicine that goes on your skin as a cream Cryotherapy, a procedure that uses an extremely cold liquid or a device to freeze and destroy tissue that contains cancer Mohs surgery, in which doctors remove affected skin, one layer at a time, until they reach normal, healthy tissue Lasers to cut and destroy areas that contain cancer Circumcision, which is surgery to remove the foreskin. If your cancer is advanced or has a high risk of spreading, treatment may involve any of the above, and/or: Surgery to remove some or all o your inguinal lymph nodes if your cancer has spread to them Radiation and/or chemotherapy to rid your body of cancer cells A penectomy, which is surgery to remove some or all of your penis Most treatments for early-stage penile cancer don't affect your ability to have sex, but chemotherapy and radiation may.
Question: Is penile cancer common?
Answer: But it can be treated, especially if it's found early on. In the U. S., doctors find it in about 2,100 men each year. If you or someone you love has it, you'll want to know what your options are. Growths on the penis that look bluish-brown Smelly discharge underneath the foreskin A sore on the penis, which may be bleeding Swelling at the end of the penis Lumps under the skin in the groin area Most men with these symptoms don't have penile cancer.
Question: What questions will my doctor likely ask about urinary incontinence?
Answer: Preparing for the conversation about urinary incontinence may help you feel more in control. That means being able to answer the questions your doctor is likely to ask, including: When did your urinary incontinence symptoms begin? Have you had urinary incontinence symptoms before? What drugs are you on, and when did you start each of them? Do you leak urine with physical activity, coughing or sneezing?
Question: How do Kegel exercises help you treat urinary incontinence?
Answer: That may mean paying more attention to doing Kegel exercises, designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. Weakened pelvic floor muscles are often the cause of a common type of urinary incontinence called stress incontinence, in which small amounts of urine are leaked, especially when you cough, sneeze, or laugh.
Question: How do I talk to my doctor about urinary incontinence?
Answer: One good opener might be something like this: " I have been having bladder troubles." That means being able to answer the questions your doctor is likely to ask, including: When did your urinary incontinence symptoms begin?
Question: Can taking iron help relieve the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Answer: Because low levels of iron might be linked to RLS, your doctor will likely suggest taking iron supplements.
Question: Can a good sleep routine help relieve the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Answer: Throwing off your sleep pattern can make your RLS symptoms worse. Try going to bed at the same time every night and getting up at the same time every morning. To get deep sleep, it may help to go to bed a little later and get up later. Keep your bedroom cool, dark, and comfortable. Keep the TV and computer out of the bedroom.
Question: What stress relief strategies can help manage restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Answer: Stress can cause your RLS to flare and make symptoms worse. Find ways that help you relax and calm your anxiety. You might want to try deep breathing, yoga, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, or tai chi.
Question: Does acupuncture help relieve the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Answer: There's no hard proof that acupuncture helps with symptoms, yet many people with RLS give it a try to relieve symptoms.
Question: Can a massage help relieve the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Answer: Throwing off your sleep pattern can make your RLS symptoms worse. Try massage right before bed to see if it helps you get a more restful night's sleep.
Question: What are the side effects of chlorella?
Answer: Side effects of chlorella include: Bloating Diarrhea Fatigue Gas Green-colored stools Nausea Stomach cramps Allergic reactions have been reported in some people taking chlorella. These reactions have included severe breathing problems and a life-threatening allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. There isn't enough research to know if chlorella is safe for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Chlorella may make it harder for warfarin and other blood-thinning drugs to work. Some chlorella supplements may contain iodine, so people with thyroid conditions may want to avoid taking chlorella.
Question: Which fruits and veggies should you eat in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Fruits and veggies: Go for variety and lots of color. Research has shown that vitamin K-rich leafy greens like spinach and kale curb inflammation, as does broccoli and cabbage. And the substance that gives fruits like cherries, raspberries, and blackberries their color is a type of pigment that also helps fight inflammation.
Question: What are the benefits of nuts in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Nuts: They have a healthy kind of fat that helps stop inflammation. ( Olive oil and avocados are also good sources.) Stick to just a handful of nuts a day; otherwise, the fat and calories will add up.
Question: What are the benefits of beans in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Beans: They're high in fiber, plus they're loaded with antioxidants and other anti-inflammatory substances.
Question: How much fish should you eat in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Fish: Put it on your plate at least twice a week. Salmon, tuna, and sardines all have plenty of omega-3 fatty acids, which fight inflammation.
Question: How can trans fats affect your anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Coffee creamers, margarine, and anything else with trans fats: Trans fats (look on the label for "partially hydrogenated oils") raise LDL cholesterol, which causes inflammation. There's no safe amount to eat, so steer clear.
Question: What are anti-inflammatory foods?
Answer: Fruits and veggies: Go for variety and lots of color.
Question: How can fried foods affect your anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: French fries, fried chicken, and other fried foods: Cooking them in vegetable oil doesn't make them healthy. Corn, safflower, and other vegetable oils all have omega-6 fatty acids. You need some omega-6s, but if you get too much, as most Americans do, you throw off the balance between omega-6s and omega-3s in your body and end up with -- you guessed it -- more inflammation.
Question: How can gluten affect your anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Wheat, rye, and barley: The focus here is gluten, and this one's a controversial maybe. People who have celiac disease need to avoid gluten. But for everyone else, the science is solid that whole grains are beneficial.
Question: Which foods should you avoid in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Anything highly processed, overly greasy, or super sweet isn't a good choice for you if you have inflammation.
Question: What are the benefits of herbs and spices in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Herbs and spices: They add antioxidants (along with flavor) to your food. Turmeric, found in curry powder, has a strong substance called curcumin. And garlic curbs the body's ability to make things that boost inflammation.
Question: Which refined starches and sugary foods should you avoid in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Sweets, cakes and cookies, and soda: They're not dense in nutrients, and they're easy to overeat, which can lead to weight gain, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol (all related to inflammation). Sugar causes the body to release inflammatory messengers called cytokines. Soda and other sweet drinks are main culprits. Anti-inflammatory diet experts often say you should cut out all added sugars, including agave and honey.
Question: Which whole grains should you have in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: Whole grains: Oatmeal, brown rice, whole-wheat bread, and other unrefined grains tend to be high in fiber, and fiber also may help with inflammation.
Question: Which high-fat and processed red meat should you avoid in an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: High-fat and processed red meat (like hot dogs): These have a lot of saturated fat, which can cause inflammation if you get more than a small amount each day.
Question: What should you know about an anti-inflammatory diet?
Answer: If you have, say, rheumatoid arthritis, changing what's on your plate won't be a magic cure -- but it might lessen the number of flare-ups that you have, or it may help take your pain down a few notches. An anti-inflammatory diet is widely regarded as healthy, so even if it doesn't help with your condition, it can help lower your chances of having other problems. Anti-inflammatory diet experts often say you should cut out all added sugars, including agave and honey.
Question: What are calcium channel blockers?
Answer: Heart conditions that calcium channel blockers might be prescribed for: High blood pressure (especially in African Americans) Coronary artery disease Coronary spasm Angina (chest pain) Abnormal heart rhythms Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Diastolic heart failure (preserved left ventricular function) Raynaud's syndrome (a circulatory problem affecting blood vessels in the hands and feet) Pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the arteries of your lungs) If you have systolic heart failure, then amlodipine and felodipine are the only calcium channel blockers you should use.
Question: What should I avoid when I'm taking calcium channel blockers?
Answer: Contact your doctor right away if you: Gain weight Have trouble breathing (shortness of breath, coughing, or wheezing) Get a skin rash or hives Are very lightheaded or faint Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice while you're taking a calcium channel blocker. Avoid alcohol because it can change how calcium channel blockers work and make the side effects worse. Your doctor needs to know about all the medications you're taking, to avoid problems with calcium channel blockers. Talk to your doctor before you take anything new, including over-the-counter drugs, herbs, and supplements.
Question: What side effects of calcium channel blockers should I immediately contact my doctor for?
Answer: Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) Tenderness or bleeding of the gums Sexual dysfunction Let your doctor know if these side effects are severe or don't go away. Contact your doctor right away if you: Gain weight Have trouble breathing (shortness of breath, coughing, or wheezing) Get a skin rash or hives Are very lightheaded or faint Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice while you're taking a calcium channel blocker.
Question: Are calcium channel blockers safe to use during pregnancy?
Answer: However, you should always consult with your doctor before taking calcium channel blockers during pregnancy. These drugs may pass into breast milk, but no adverse effect on breastfed infants has been found. Discuss the risks and benefits of using calcium channel blockers while breastfeeding with your doctor.
Question: What are the side effects of calcium channel blockers?
Answer: Calcium channel blockers are prescription medications that relax blood vessels and increase the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while also reducing the heart's workload. Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) Tenderness or bleeding of the gums Sexual dysfunction Let your doctor know if these side effects are severe or don't go away.
Question: How safe are calcium channel blockers for older adults?
Answer: Avoid alcohol because it can change how calcium channel blockers work and make the side effects worse. Doctors usually prescribe lower doses.
Question: How can I treat my child's dyslexia?
Answer: Testing and screening for dyslexia are available and are very important.
Question: What is the assessment for dyslexia?
Answer: An assessment for dyslexia includes reading or writing while the tester looks for signs of dyslexia, such as adding, dropping, or changing words; pulling words from other lines; or reversing or transposing words and letters. While not diagnostic in itself, body language may provide a clue: A person with dyslexia may frequently clear his or her throat, tap a pencil, or fidget during the testing out of anxiety about performing the test.
Question: How can a person get dyslexia?
Answer: Dyslexia is a disorder present at birth and cannot be prevented or cured, but it can be managed with special instruction and support. Early intervention to address reading problems is important. Parents must understand that children with dyslexia can learn normally, but probably need to learn in different ways than children without the condition. Teaching should be individualized and may involve modeling letters and words in clay or other three-dimensional techniques to help the child learn letters and words.
Question: How can counseling help treat migraines?
Answer: In acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT), you accept that you have some migraine pain instead of trying to control it completely or avoid it. You commit to âgrow awayâ from a focus on migraines to discover goals and values you want more of in your life. And then you take action toward those goals.
Question: How can sphenopalatine ganglion nerve block help treat migraines?
Answer: This short, simple procedure numbs the SPG, a group of nerve cells inside and behind your nose. The FDA has approved three devices for doing this. It works because your SPG is linked to your trigeminal nerve, which is involved in these headaches. You get the procedure in your doctor's office. You'll be awake for it. Your doctor will insert a thin plastic tube, called a catheter, into your nose, one nostril at a time. Through an attached syringe, you'll get an anesthetic to numb your SPG and the area around it. Your doctor may use an X-ray machine to be sure the tube is inserted correctly. Once the numbness wears off, you may still feel relief for some time.
Question: What is an SPG (sphenopalatine ganglion) nerve block for migraine treatment?
Answer: This short, simple procedure numbs the SPG, a group of nerve cells inside and behind your nose. The FDA has approved three devices for doing this. It works because your SPG is linked to your trigeminal nerve, which is involved in these headaches.
Question: What is SPG (sphenopalatine ganglion) nerve block for a migraine treatment?
Answer: You get the procedure in your doctor's office. You'll be awake for it. Your doctor will insert a thin plastic tube, called a catheter, into your nose, one nostril at a time. Through an attached syringe, you'll get an anesthetic to numb your SPG and the area around it. Your doctor may use an X-ray machine to be sure the tube is inserted correctly. Once the numbness wears off, you may still feel relief for some time.
Question: How can calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibitors help in treating migraine?
Answer: CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) is a molecule involved in causing migraine pain. CGRP inhibitors are a new class of drugs that block the effects of CGRP. Erenumab ( Aimovig) was the first medicine specifically approved to prevent migraine attacks. In 2018, fremanezumab ( Ajovy) was also aproved. With each, you give yourself an injection once a month with a pen-like device.
Question: How is Cefaly used to treat migraines?
Answer: You wear it like a headband across your forehead. You can use it every day, but not more than once a day: Apply the self-adhesive electrode to your forehead. It's the first TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) device approved for treating migraines before they start.
Question: How can Botox help treat migraines?
Answer: Ask your doctor. About every 12 weeks, you get 31 Botox shots around your head and neck. Each session takes 10-15 minutes. After your first session, it may take 10-14 days for your symptoms to improve. If you get migraines on fewer than 14 days a month or you get other types of headaches, Botox isn't your answer.
Question: How can Botox help in treating migraine?
Answer: Ask your doctor. About every 12 weeks, you get 31 Botox shots around your head and neck. Each session takes 10-15 minutes. After your first session, it may take 10-14 days for your symptoms to improve. If you get migraines on fewer than 14 days a month or you get other types of headaches, Botox isn't your answer.
Question: What is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for people with migraines?
Answer: If you still find it hard to stop or prevent your headaches, you'll want to know what else you can try. You may find that this helps you manage your migraine pain without being derailed by it.
Question: How can mindfulness-based therapy help in treating migraine?
Answer: If you still find it hard to stop or prevent your headaches, you'll want to know what else you can try. â Mindfulnessâ is a practice of being aware of your mind and body right now. Distracting thoughts come up, but you let them go. You may find that this helps you manage your migraine pain without being derailed by it. You might also feel less anxious or depressed about it. You simply notice your thoughts, emotions, and body sensations. Mindfulness is an additional practice you can do by yourself.
Question: Can you use stevia as a cooking ingredient?
Answer: Each brand has its own sugar-to-stevia ratio, so check the package before you measure out sweetener.
Question: Are products with stevia safe?
Answer: It's a sugar substitute called stevia. Products considered safe contain words in their ingredient list such as stevia extract or stevia rebaudiana. If you see whole stevia leaves or crude stevia extracts at your local natural foods store, don't buy them.
Question: Can misaligned bones cause runner's knee?
Answer: If any of the bones from your hips to your ankles are out of their correct position, including the kneecap, that can put too much pressure on certain spots. Then your kneecap won't move smoothly through its groove, which can cause pain.
Question: When can I go back to my old level of activity after runner's knee?
Answer: Don't return to your old level of physical activity until: You can fully bend and straighten your knee without pain. You feel no pain in your knee when you walk, jog, sprint, or jump. Your knee is as strong as your uninjured knee.
Question: What is runner's knee?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } First, it isn't just for runners. Also, it isn't really a specific injury. Runner's knee is a broad term used to describe the pain you feel if you have one of several knee problems. You might hear a doctor call it patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Question: What is chondromalacia patella?
Answer: Chondromalacia patella, a condition in which the cartilage under your kneecap breaks down The main thing is pain.
Question: What are the symptoms of runner's knee?
Answer: Chondromalacia patella, a condition in which the cartilage under your kneecap breaks down The main thing is pain. You might notice it: Usually in front of your kneecap, though it could be around or behind it When you bend your knee to walk, squat, kneel, run, or even get up from a chair Getting worse when you walk downstairs or downhill The area around your knee could swell, or you might hear popping or have a grinding feeling in the knee.
Question: What do I do if my runner's knee doesn't get better?
Answer: If you try these techniques and your knee still hurts, ask your doctor if you need to see a specialist, like an orthopedic surgeon. It's rare, but you may need surgery for severe cases of runner's knee. An orthopedic surgeon can remove or replace damaged cartilage and, in extreme cases, correct the position of your kneecap to send stress through the joint more evenly.