anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How is psoriasis treated?
Answer: Some things that can trigger outbreaks are: Cuts, scrapes, or surgery Emotional stress Strep infections Luckily, there are many treatments. Some slow the growth of new skin cells, and others relieve itching and dry skin. Your doctor will select a treatment plan that is right for you based on the size of your rash, where it is on your body, your age, your overall health, and other things. Common treatments include: Steroid creams Moisturizers for dry skin Coal tar (a common treatment for scalp psoriasis; available in lotions, creams, foams, shampoos, and bath solutions) Vitamin D cream (a strong kind ordered by your doctor; vitamin D in foods and pills has no effect) Retinoid creams Treatments for moderate to severe cases of psoriasis include: Light therapy.
Question: How do retinoids help treat psoriasis?
Answer: These pills, creams, foams, and gels are a class of drugs related to Vitamin A. Retinoids can cause serious side effects, including birth defects, so they're not recommended for women who are pregnant or planning to have children.
Question: How do biologic treatments help treat psoriasis?
Answer: These work by blocking the body's immune system (which is over-active in psoriasis) to better control the systemic inflammation associated with psoriasis. Biologic medications include adalimumab ( Humira), brodalumab ( Siliq), etanercept ( Enbrel), guselkumab ( Tremfya), infliximab ( Remicade), ixekizumab ( Taltz), risankizumab-rzaa ( SKYRIZI), secukinumab ( Cosentyx), and ustekinumab ( Stelara).
Question: How do I know if I have psoriasis?
Answer: If you have a rash that isn't healing, see your doctor.
Question: How does psoriasis occur?
Answer: It usually appears in early adulthood. For most people, it affects just a few areas. In severe cases, it can cover large parts of the body. The rashes can heal and then come back throughout a person's life.
Question: What things trigger an outbreak of psoriasis?
Answer: Some things that can trigger outbreaks are: Cuts, scrapes, or surgery Emotional stress Strep infections Luckily, there are many treatments.
Question: When is methotrexate used to treat psoriasis?
Answer: This drug can cause liver disease and lung problems, so it's only for serious cases. Doctors closely watch patients. You may have to get lab work, a chest X-ray and possibly a liver biopsy.
Question: How are biologic treatments used to treat moderate to severe psoriasis?
Answer: These work by blocking the body's immune system (which is over-active in psoriasis) to better control the systemic inflammation associated with psoriasis. Biologic medications include adalimumab ( Humira), brodalumab ( Siliq), etanercept ( Enbrel), guselkumab ( Tremfya), infliximab ( Remicade), ixekizumab ( Taltz), risankizumab-rzaa ( SKYRIZI), secukinumab ( Cosentyx), and ustekinumab ( Stelara).
Question: How are enzyme inhibitors used to treat moderate to severe psoriasis?
Answer: The medication apremilast ( Otezla) is a new kind of drug for long-term inflammatory diseases like psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It's a pill that works by blocking a specific enzyme, which helps to slow other reactions that lead to inflammation.
Question: How does cyclosporine help treat psoriasis?
Answer: This drug, made to suppress the immune system, may be taken for serious cases that do not respond to other treatments. It can damage the kidneys and raise blood pressure though, so your doctor will closely watch your heath while you take it.
Question: How does methotrexate help treat psoriasis?
Answer: This drug can cause liver disease and lung problems, so it's only for serious cases. Doctors closely watch patients. You may have to get lab work, a chest X-ray and possibly a liver biopsy.
Question: How does light therapy help treat psoriasis?
Answer: A doctor uses ultraviolet light to slow the growth of skin cells. PUVA is a treatment that combines a medicine called psoralen with a special form of ultraviolet light.
Question: What can trigger outbreaks of psoriasis?
Answer: Some things that can trigger outbreaks are: Cuts, scrapes, or surgery Emotional stress Strep infections Luckily, there are many treatments.
Question: What is the treatment for psoriasis?
Answer: Some slow the growth of new skin cells, and others relieve itching and dry skin. Your doctor will select a treatment plan that is right for you based on the size of your rash, where it is on your body, your age, your overall health, and other things. Common treatments include: Steroid creams Moisturizers for dry skin Coal tar (a common treatment for scalp psoriasis; available in lotions, creams, foams, shampoos, and bath solutions) Vitamin D cream (a strong kind ordered by your doctor; vitamin D in foods and pills has no effect) Retinoid creams Treatments for moderate to severe cases of psoriasis include: Light therapy. Biologic treatments.
Question: What are the causes of psoriasis?
Answer: Normally, skin cells are replaced every 10 to 30 days. With psoriasis, new cells grow every 3 to 4 days. The buildup of old cells being replaced by new ones creates those silver scales. These work by blocking the body's immune system (which is over-active in psoriasis) to better control the systemic inflammation associated with psoriasis.
Question: What causes meningitis?
Answer: Meningitis symptoms can develop within hours or days and may include: Confusion Fever Headache Numbness in your face Sensitivity to light Stiff neck so that you can't lower your chin to your chest Upset stomach or vomiting Meningitis is almost always caused by a bacterial or viral infection that begins somewhere else in your body, like your ears, sinuses, or throat. Less common causes of meningitis include: Autoimmune disorders Cancer medications Syphilis Tuberculosis It's an extremely serious illness.
Question: What is fungal meningitis?
Answer: Fungal meningitis is much less common than the bacterial or viral forms. Healthy people rarely get it. Someone with a problem with their immune system -- because they have AIDS, for example -- is more likely to become infected with this form of meningitis.
Question: Who's more likely to get meningitis?
Answer: Anyone can get meningitis, but research shows that it's more common in these age groups: Children under 5 Teenagers and young adults ages 16-25 Adults over 55 Meningitis is more of a danger for people with certain medical conditions, such as a damaged or missing spleen, long-term disease, or immune system disorders. Because certain germs that cause meningitis can spread easily, outbreaks are most likely to happen in places where people live close to each other. College students in dorms or military recruits in barracks can be more likely to catch the disease.
Question: What are the different types of meningitis?
Answer: There are several causes of this disease, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacterial meningitis can be life-threatening and spreads between people in close contact with each other. Viral meningitis tends to be less severe, and most people recover completely without treatment. Fungal meningitis is a rare form of the disease. It usually happens only in people whose immune system -- the body's defense against germs -- has been weakened.
Question: How does bacterial meningitis spread?
Answer: The bacteria that cause meningitis can spread when people who are infected cough or sneeze. If you or your child has been around someone who has bacterial meningitis, ask your doctor what steps you should take to avoid catching it.
Question: How does bacterial meningitis start?
Answer: In many cases, bacterial meningitis starts when bacteria get into your bloodstream from your sinuses, ears, or throat. The bacteria travel through your bloodstream to your brain.
Question: What is meningitis?
Answer: You or your children can catch it. Fungal meningitis is a rare form of the disease.
Question: What causes bacterial meningitis?
Answer: There are several causes of this disease, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The most common ones in the U. S. are: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) Listeria monocytogenes (in older people, pregnant women, or those with immune system problems) A bacteria called Haemophilus influenzae type b ( Hib) was a common cause of meningitis in babies and young children until the Hib vaccine became available for infants. There are also vaccines for Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Experts recommend that all children get them, as well as all adults who are at a higher risk for the disease.
Question: Should I use a cane when I have rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Use a cane in the hand opposite a painful hip or knee. It curbs wear-and-tear on your joints.
Question: What are the signs of joint damage as a result of rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: If you have swelling and stiffness every day, you're more likely to have damage than someone who has these symptoms less often. You can get damage even if you don't feel pain, but swelling in your joint is a reliable sign. So is a feeling of tenderness when you press on it.
Question: What steps can I take to avoid long-term trouble from my rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Take these steps to improve your odds of avoiding long-term trouble. Get treated early. Much of the damage that eventually becomes serious starts soon after you learn you have RA. The earlier you start treatment, the less your chances of problems. See your doctor often. You'll have less damage if you see your rheumatologist several times a year. Exercise. It makes your joints stronger. Your doctor or physical therapist will help you make a plan that's safe and fits your fitness level. Rest when you need to. You need to find a balance between downtime and exercise. Make sure you don't overdo it when you work out. Use a cane in the hand opposite a painful hip or knee. It curbs wear-and-tear on your joints. If you smoke, quit. Talk to you doctor to get advice on how to end your tobacco habit.
Question: Why should I pay attention to the stiffness of my joints?
Answer: Also, pay attention to how long your joints feel stiff in the morning. Ask yourself when you get up, " How long does it take until I'm feeling as loose as I'll feel for the day?" The longer you feel stiff, the more likely it is that your RA is active.
Question: What is a "boggy" joint in relation to rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Another sign you can look for is something called a "boggy" joint. When your joint lining starts to have problems, it may give your joint a mushy texture. This may continue even when you don't have a flare. See your rheumatologist if you notice this happening.
Question: Is it important to see my doctor for rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: See your doctor often. You'll have less damage if you see your rheumatologist several times a year.
Question: What are habits that help treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Because treatment for rheumatoid arthritis has improved over the years, many experts believe that most people who now have it will get less joint damage than ever before. Take these steps to improve your odds of avoiding long-term trouble.
Question: Should I smoke if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: If you smoke, quit. Talk to you doctor to get advice on how to end your tobacco habit.
Question: Is treatment for rheumatoid arthritis improving?
Answer: Because treatment for rheumatoid arthritis has improved over the years, many experts believe that most people who now have it will get less joint damage than ever before.
Question: Is it important to get treated early for rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Much of the damage that eventually becomes serious starts soon after you learn you have RA. The earlier you start treatment, the less your chances of problems.
Question: What are signs of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: If you have swelling and stiffness every day, you're more likely to have damage than someone who has these symptoms less often. You can get damage even if you don't feel pain, but swelling in your joint is a reliable sign. So is a feeling of tenderness when you press on it.
Question: Is exercise used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: It makes your joints stronger. Your doctor or physical therapist will help you make a plan that's safe and fits your fitness level.
Question: What should I do if my rheumatoid arthritis flares up?
Answer: Watch for signs of trouble and learn the steps to stay healthy. It makes your joints stronger.
Question: What is the proper way to insert eye drops?
Answer: It may help to ask someone to check that the drops get in your eye. Look up to the ceiling with both eyes. Tilt your head back and pull your lower lid down with one hand. Hold the bottle or tube in your other hand. If you need to, rest part of your hand on your forehead to keep it steady. Place one drop or a little ointment inside your lower lid. Don't let the tip of the bottle or tube touch your eye. Blink and dab away any extra fluid with a tissue. If you have both drops and ointment, use the drops first. If you don't, the ointment may keep the eye drops from being absorbed. If you have more than one type of drop, wait about 5 minutes after the first medicine before you use the second. Keep your eyes closed for a few minutes. That lets the medicine get inside your eye. Wash your hands as soon as you're done to remove any medication still there. If you have any questions, talk to your eye doctor.
Question: What are symptoms of diastolic heart failure?
Answer: Common signs of heart failure can include: Shortness of breath Tiredness, weakness Swelling in your feet, ankles, legs, or abdomen Lasting cough or wheezing Fast or irregular heartbeat Dizziness, confusion Having to pee more often at night Nausea, lack of appetite To figure out if you have heart failure, your doctor will examine you, ask about your medical history, and run some tests.
Question: How can you treat diastolic heart failure with medication?
Answer: Your plan can include: Lifestyle changes: Your doctor will probably suggest: A heart-healthy diet Regular exercise Work to get to a healthy weight You quit smoking Medication: You may need to take one or more drugs as part of your treatment. Common heart failure medications for diastolic heart failure include: Diuretics, which help ease swelling Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, a type of diuretic to get rid of extra salt and fluid but help the body keep potassium High blood pressure medication
Question: How do you diagnose diastolic heart failure?
Answer: Common signs of heart failure can include: Shortness of breath Tiredness, weakness Swelling in your feet, ankles, legs, or abdomen Lasting cough or wheezing Fast or irregular heartbeat Dizziness, confusion Having to pee more often at night Nausea, lack of appetite To figure out if you have heart failure, your doctor will examine you, ask about your medical history, and run some tests. Those tests might include: An echocardiogram to check for diastolic dysfunction Blood tests Electrocardiogram ( EKG) Chest X-ray Exercise test (stress test) Heart catheterization Although diastolic heart failure can't be cured, treatment can help ease symptoms and improve the way your heart pumps.
Question: What are the possible causes of diastolic heart failure?
Answer: So diastolic heart failure is more common as people get older. Other than normal aging, the most common causes are: High blood pressure : If you have it, your heart has to work harder to pump more blood through your body. That makes it stiffen. Coronary artery disease : The amount of blood flowing to your heart muscle is blocked or less than normal.
Question: What are the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants and children?
Answer: Feeling as if there is a lump in your throat Sudden increase of saliva Bad breath In infants and children, GERD can produce these symptoms: Recurrent vomiting Coughing Breathing problems A failure to thrive You regularly need to take over-the-counter medicine for heartburn or your heartburn symptoms persist after taking the drug Your symptoms also include weight loss, difficulty or pain when swallowing, dark-colored stools, or vomiting Seek immediate emergency medical help ( Call 911) for any chest pain or breathing problems.
Question: What are the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Not everyone with GERD has heartburn, but the primary symptoms of GERD are heartburn, regurgitation, and an acid taste in the mouth. Heartburn usually is described as a burning pain in the middle of the chest. It may start high in the abdomen or may extend up the neck or back. Sometimes the pain may be sharp or pressure-like, rather than burning. Such pain can mimic heart pain (angina). Typically, heartburn related to GERD is seen more commonly after a meal. Other symptoms of GERD include: Hoarseness; if acid reflux gets past the upper esophageal sphincter, it can enter the throat (pharynx) and even the voice box (larynx), causing hoarseness or sore throat. Laryngitis Chronic dry cough, especially at night; GERD is a common cause of unexplained coughing. It is not clear how cough is caused or aggravated by GERD. Feeling as if there is a lump in your throat Sudden increase of saliva Bad breath In infants and children, GERD can produce these symptoms: Recurrent vomiting Coughing Breathing problems A failure to thrive You regularly need to take over-the-counter medicine for heartburn or your heartburn symptoms persist after taking the drug Your symptoms also include weight loss, difficulty or pain when swallowing, dark-colored stools, or vomiting Seek immediate emergency medical help ( Call 911) for any chest pain or breathing problems.
Question: When should you call your doctor about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Answer: Feeling as if there is a lump in your throat Sudden increase of saliva Bad breath In infants and children, GERD can produce these symptoms: Recurrent vomiting Coughing Breathing problems A failure to thrive You regularly need to take over-the-counter medicine for heartburn or your heartburn symptoms persist after taking the drug Your symptoms also include weight loss, difficulty or pain when swallowing, dark-colored stools, or vomiting Seek immediate emergency medical help ( Call 911) for any chest pain or breathing problems.
Question: Why is it hard to tell if smoking marijuana causes cancer?
Answer: Another problem is that many people who smoke marijuana also smoke tobacco, sometimes mixed in the same cigarette. So if they get lung cancer, it's impossible to sort out what substance caused it. Some marijuana smokers in the studies have been fairly young, which could skew the results. Cancers can take time to grow.
Question: Can smoking marijuana prevent cancer?
Answer: Animal research suggests that some chemicals in marijuana work against tumor growth, which could explain why lung cancer isn't showing up as often as scientists might expect in people who smoke it. The studies on this are in their early days, and researchers need to take a deeper look into this theory.
Question: Can smoking marijuana cause lung cancer?
Answer: Even as more people use it, health experts aren't sure whether smoking pot raises your odds of getting lung cancer. Tar, the sticky stuff left after burning, has high levels of harmful substances, and it's concentrated at the end of a joint. When scientists looked at lung tissue of some people who smoked weed regularly, they found changes that are known to signal the future growth of cancer.
Question: What are the two types of mastectomy?
Answer: There are two kinds: A lumpectomy removes the tumor and a small cancer-free area of tissue surrounding the tumor. A quadrantectomy removes the tumor and more of the breast tissue than a lumpectomy. In some cases, more surgery is required after a partial mastectomy. Sometimes, if cancer cells are still in breast tissue, it may be necessary to remove the entire breast.
Question: What does the right type of mastectomy depend on?
Answer: The type of mastectomy that's right for you depends on several things, including: Your age General health Menopause status Tumor size Tumor stage (how far it's spread) Tumor grade (its aggressiveness) Tumor's hormone receptor status Whether or not lymph nodes are involved With this procedure, also called simple mastectomy, your doctor removes your entire breast, including the nipple.
Question: What is a total mastectomy?
Answer: The type of mastectomy that's right for you depends on several things, including: Your age General health Menopause status Tumor size Tumor stage (how far it's spread) Tumor grade (its aggressiveness) Tumor's hormone receptor status Whether or not lymph nodes are involved With this procedure, also called simple mastectomy, your doctor removes your entire breast, including the nipple. Your lymph nodes, the small glands that are part of your immune system, may sometimes be removed from your underarm. You're most likely to have a total mastectomy if the cancer has not spread beyond the breast or if you're having a preventative mastectomy to lower your risk of getting breast cancer.
Question: What is a preventative mastectomy?
Answer: Women who have a high risk of breast cancer may choose to have a preventive mastectomy, also called prophylactic mastectomy. In some cases, women have both breasts removed. This is called a double mastectomy. Some women who've had breast cancer in one breast will decide to have a preventive mastectomy to remove the other breast. A radical mastectomy is the complete removal of the breast, including the nipple.
Question: What is a radical mastectomy?
Answer: In the past, a radical mastectomy with complete removal of the breast, lymph nodes in the underarm, and some chest muscles under the breasts, was the standard treatment for breast cancer. The surgeon also removes the overlying skin, the muscles beneath the breast, and the lymph nodes. Because radical mastectomy typically isn't more effective than less extreme forms of mastectomy, it's rarely performed today. It's only recommended when the cancer has spread to the chest muscle.
Question: What treats are good for my dog if he has diabetes?
Answer: Avoid snacks that list syrup, molasses, fructose, dextrose, or maltose on the ingredients label. Homemade dehydrated meats, carrots, snap peas, and even canned pumpkin are good options. Balancing insulin and food is like a relay race. The body constantly processes food and insulin between meals and injections.
Question: Does regular exercise help dogs with diabetes?
Answer: Regular exercise will also help your pooch lose weight and lower blood sugar levels. It’s best to have your dog exercise for the same length of time and at the same intensity every day. An unusually long or vigorous workout could cause blood sugar levels to drop too low.
Question: What is the best diet for dogs with diabetes?
Answer: Like humans, when dogs have diabetes, staying trim is key. Most vets recommend a high-fiber, low-fat diet. Fiber slows the entrance of glucose into the bloodstream and helps your dog feel full. Low-fat foods have fewer calories. Together, the diet can help your dog eat less and lose weight.
Question: What is heart failure and how is it related to breathing issues?
Answer: Even though âfailureâ is in the name, it doesn't mean that your heart stops beating. It means that it's weak. Shortness of breath and feeling tired can be signs of the condition. Often people also have swelling in their ankles, feet, legs, and mid-section because the heart is not strong enough to pump blood properly. In the early stages of heart failure, you may have trouble breathing after exercise, getting dressed, or walking across a room. But as the heart gets weaker, you may feel breathless even when you lie down. See your doctor if that's happening to you. She can recommend medicines and treatments that can help.