anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What causes non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes this disease. Many people who get it have smoked or been around smoke. Other things that make lung cancer more likely are: Radon, a radioactive gas found naturally in soil and rocks Asbestos Mineral and metal dust Air pollution Radiation treatment to your chest or breast HIV/ AIDS It can also run in families.
Question: Will doctors examine the inside of the lungs to diagnose lung cancer?
Answer: Your doctor may want to look inside your lungs and chest using a thin, flexible tube with a light and tiny camera. He may also take samples of tissue, including from nearby lymph nodes, to check for cancer cells.
Question: How is laser and photodynamic therapy used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: This technique uses a special laser light to "turn on" special drugs that cancer cells have absorbed. This kills them and helps avoid damage to healthy tissue.
Question: How is a sputum cytology used to diagnose non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Sputum cytology is a lab test that checks the mucus you cough up for cancer cells.
Question: How can clinical trials help with non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Scientists are studying new ways to treat cancer. Check the National Cancer Institute's web site and ask your doctor if a clinical trial would be a good fit for you, what you should consider, and how to sign up.
Question: What should I do to manage my emotional wellbeing while dealing with lung cancer?
Answer: Finding out that you have cancer is very hard to deal with. You may be afraid, angry, or sad. Strong emotions are normal. A support group or a counselor who works with people who have cancer could help you work through your feelings. Look online or in your community, or ask your doctor for suggestions and about other professionals who can help support you -- perhaps social workers, nurses, clergy, or other doctors.
Question: How is radiation used to treat lung cancer?
Answer: It can kill cancer cells that remain after surgery. It also treats certain cancers that your doctor can't get rid of with surgery. The radiation comes either from a high-energy beam aimed at the cancer from outside of your body using a special machine, or from a radioactive substance put inside your body in or near the cancer.
Question: What tests are used to examine your lungs and chest when diagnosing non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Your doctor may want to look inside your lungs and chest using a thin, flexible tube with a light and tiny camera. He may also take samples of tissue, including from nearby lymph nodes, to check for cancer cells. He can do this a few different ways: Bronchoscopy goes through your nose or mouth and into your lungs. Endobronchial ultrasounduses bronchoscopy with an ultrasound placed at the tip of the tube to look at lymph nodes and other structures. Endoscopic ultrasound is like the endobronchial ultrasound, but your doctor puts the endoscope down your throat into the esophagus. Thoracoscopy uses a few small cuts along your side to look at the outside of your lung and the tissue around it. Mediastinoscopy makes a small cut just above your breastbone, in the space between your lungs.
Question: What should I expect if I am diagnosed with lung cancer?
Answer: If it's caught early enough, your cancer may be curable. Even if it's not, your treatment should help you live longer and feel better. Throughout your treatment, you can make choices about what's best for you.
Question: How are fine-needle aspiration biopsies used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy takes cells from an abnormal growth or the fluid in your lungs.
Question: What do the stages of non-small-cell lung cancer mean?
Answer: Based on what your doctor finds, he'll assign a stage, describing where the cancer is. That will help your medical team figure out the best treatment for you. You'll want to know what each stage means: Occult stage: " Occult" means "hidden." Cancer cells are in lung fluid or sputum, but the doctor can't find where the cancer is in your lungs. Stage 0: Cancer cells are in the lining of your airways. Stage I: A small tumor is in only one lung. The cancer hasn't spread to lymph nodes. Stage II: A larger tumor is in one lung, or the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. Stage III: Cancer in one lung has spread to farther lymph nodes or into nearby structures. Stage IV: Cancer has spread to both lungs, to fluid around the lungs, or to other parts of the body, such as the brain and liver.
Question: What should you expect if you have non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: If it's caught early enough, your cancer may be curable. Even if it's not, your treatment should help you live longer and feel better. Throughout your treatment, you can make choices about what's best for you.
Question: What are the stages of lung cancer?
Answer: You'll want to know what each stage means: Occult stage: " Occult" means "hidden." Cancer cells are in lung fluid or sputum, but the doctor can't find where the cancer is in your lungs. Stage 0: Cancer cells are in the lining of your airways. Stage I: A small tumor is in only one lung. The cancer hasn't spread to lymph nodes. Stage II: A larger tumor is in one lung, or the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. Stage III: Cancer in one lung has spread to farther lymph nodes or into nearby structures. Stage IV: Cancer has spread to both lungs, to fluid around the lungs, or to other parts of the body, such as the brain and liver.
Question: What are the causes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?
Answer: Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes this disease. Many people who get it have smoked or been around smoke. Other things that make lung cancer more likely are: Radon, a radioactive gas found naturally in soil and rocks Asbestos Mineral and metal dust Air pollution Radiation treatment to your chest or breast HIV/ AIDS It can also run in families.
Question: What does the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer depend on?
Answer: Your doctor may suggest a combination of treatments, depending on what kind of cancer you have and where it is.
Question: Where can you get support for non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: The Lung Cancer Alliance can help you find other people and families near you who have also faced this disease. Their support can make it easier to live with NSCLC.
Question: How is sputum cytology used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Sputum cytology is a lab test that checks the mucus you cough up for cancer cells.
Question: How is a mediastinoscopy used to diagnose lung cancer?
Answer: Your doctor might put it in your spinal fluid, a specific organ, or a space inside your body to target cancer cells in that area.
Question: Where can I get my support in dealing with lung cancer?
Answer: The Lung Cancer Alliance can help you find other people and families near you who have also faced this disease. Their support can make it easier to live with NSCLC.
Question: Who is most likely to get non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: People who smoke or who breathe a lot of smoke are most likely to get NSCLC. Many of them are over 65.
Question: How is surgery used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Surgery. If you're in an early stage, your doctor will probably recommend surgery to take out the cancer. You could have a part or all of your lung removed. Other types of surgery destroy cancer cells by freezing them or using a heated probe or needle.
Question: What should you let your doctor know when getting treatments for non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Let your doctor know if you have any pain or shortness of breath. There are treatments for that so you can feel better.
Question: How is radiation used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: It can kill cancer cells that remain after surgery. It also treats certain cancers that your doctor can't get rid of with surgery. The radiation comes either from a high-energy beam aimed at the cancer from outside of your body using a special machine, or from a radioactive substance put inside your body in or near the cancer.
Question: How is a thoracoscopy used to diagnose lung cancer?
Answer: Endobronchial ultrasounduses bronchoscopy with an ultrasound placed at the tip of the tube to look at lymph nodes and other structures.
Question: How is chemotherapy used to treat lung cancer?
Answer: Whether you get it as pills or with a needle in a vein or muscle, the drugs travel throughout your body to kill the cancer. Your doctor might put it in your spinal fluid, a specific organ, or a space inside your body to target cancer cells in that area. You could get chemo before surgery to make a tumor smaller, after surgery, or both, or even if you don't have surgery.
Question: What are the symptoms of non-small-cell lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body?
Answer: Like other types of lung cancer, symptoms can include: Coughing that lasts or gets worse Chest pain that often hurts more when you cough, laugh, or take deep breaths Hoarseness or voice changes Harsh, raspy sounds when you breathe Wheezing Weight loss, little appetite Coughing up blood or mucus Shortness of breath Feeling weak or tired Lasting lung problems, like bronchitis or pneumonia If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, you may have: Bone pain Headache Dizziness or balance problems Numbness or weakness in an arm or leg Yellow skin or eyes First, your doctor will talk with you and ask questions like: When did you first notice problems?
Question: What are common symptoms when non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) spreads to other parts of the body?
Answer: Like other types of lung cancer, symptoms can include: Coughing that lasts or gets worse Chest pain that often hurts more when you cough, laugh, or take deep breaths Hoarseness or voice changes Harsh, raspy sounds when you breathe Wheezing Weight loss, little appetite Coughing up blood or mucus Shortness of breath Feeling weak or tired Lasting lung problems, like bronchitis or pneumonia If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, you may have: Bone pain Headache Dizziness or balance problems Numbness or weakness in an arm or leg Yellow skin or eyes First, your doctor will talk with you and ask questions like: When did you first notice problems?
Question: How is chemotherapy used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Whether you get it as pills or with a needle in a vein or muscle, the drugs travel throughout your body to kill the cancer. Your doctor might put it in your spinal fluid, a specific organ, or a space inside your body to target cancer cells in that area. You could get chemo before surgery to make a tumor smaller, after surgery, or both, or even if you don't have surgery.
Question: What should I do if lung cancer affects my ability to breathe?
Answer: If you have trouble breathing, oxygen from a tank may help. So can practicing relaxation techniques, like meditation, listening to music, or picturing yourself in a peaceful place. Complementary treatments, including gentle massage and aromatherapy, may put you more at ease. Talk to your doctor about what you can do when you're tired, in pain, or breathless.
Question: Will lung cancer affect my appetite?
Answer: Some days, your appetite may not be great. But you'll need to eat well to keep your strength and energy up. Try to eat several small meals throughout the day instead of a few large ones.
Question: Will my doctor assign a stage to my lung cancer?
Answer: That will help your medical team figure out the best treatment for you. Your doctor may suggest a combination of treatments, depending on what kind of cancer you have and where it is.
Question: What questions should you ask your doctor about non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: You may want to start by asking your doctor: How serious is my lung cancer? Has it spread, where to, and what does that mean? What are my cancer treatment options? How well do they work? What are the side effects? What other treatments might I need to feel OK? Will I have to stop working while having treatment? What happens if the cancer continues to spread? Have you treated anyone else with this type of lung cancer? Can I take part in clinical trials? How can I find out about that? Is there a medical center that takes care of my kind of cancer regularly that I could go to? Finding out that you have cancer is very hard to deal with.
Question: How is non-small-cell lung cancer treated?
Answer: Their goal is to stay ahead of the symptoms and make you as comfortable as possible. Your doctor may suggest a combination of treatments, depending on what kind of cancer you have and where it is. Because of how they work, they usually harm normal cells less than radiation and chemo.
Question: Where can you get emotional support for non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: You may feel more comfortable getting a second opinion before deciding on your treatment plan. Look online or in your community, or ask your doctor for suggestions and about other professionals who can help support you -- perhaps social workers, nurses, clergy, or other doctors.
Question: Should other people come to my appointments with my lung cancer doctor?
Answer: You may feel more comfortable getting a second opinion before deciding on your treatment plan. Look online or in your community, or ask your doctor for suggestions and about other professionals who can help support you -- perhaps social workers, nurses, clergy, or other doctors.
Question: How is targeted therapy used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer?
Answer: Your doctor might put it in your spinal fluid, a specific organ, or a space inside your body to target cancer cells in that area. Because of how they work, they usually harm normal cells less than radiation and chemo.
Question: What are common symptoms of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?
Answer: Or you might mistake them for another illness, such as pneumonia or a collapsed lung. Like other types of lung cancer, symptoms can include: Coughing that lasts or gets worse Chest pain that often hurts more when you cough, laugh, or take deep breaths Hoarseness or voice changes Harsh, raspy sounds when you breathe Wheezing Weight loss, little appetite Coughing up blood or mucus Shortness of breath Feeling weak or tired Lasting lung problems, like bronchitis or pneumonia If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, you may have: Bone pain Headache Dizziness or balance problems Numbness or weakness in an arm or leg Yellow skin or eyes First, your doctor will talk with you and ask questions like: When did you first notice problems? If it's caught early enough, your cancer may be curable.
Question: What questions should I ask my doctor about my lung cancer?
Answer: You may want to start by asking your doctor: How serious is my lung cancer? Has it spread, where to, and what does that mean? What are my cancer treatment options? How well do they work? What are the side effects? What other treatments might I need to feel OK? Will I have to stop working while having treatment? What happens if the cancer continues to spread? Have you treated anyone else with this type of lung cancer? Can I take part in clinical trials? How can I find out about that? Is there a medical center that takes care of my kind of cancer regularly that I could go to? Finding out that you have cancer is very hard to deal with.
Question: My child has hemophilia A. What precautions should they take when theyâre active?
Answer: Just take some precautions: Your child should wear kneepads, elbow pads, and helmets during any activities if they're doing something that might make them fall. Use safety straps in car seats, strollers, and high chairs. Check your home and yard for hazards, like furniture or play equipment with sharp corners. Teach your child about their hemophilia. Let them know when and how to get help so they feel confident, not scared.
Question: I have hemophilia A. What can I do to take care of myself?
Answer: What's your family's medical history? Keep up with your treatment, follow your doctor's advice, and do these four things: Handle injuries correctly. Clean small cuts, scrapes, and injuries. Tell all your health care professionals that you have (or your child has) hemophilia. Exercise makes them stronger, which makes injuries less likely.
Question: What are the symptoms of hemophilia A?
Answer: Hemophilia A can be mild, moderate, or severe, depending on how little you have of factor VIII. Mild hemophilia A. If you're in this group, you may only notice bleeding after a serious injury. In addition to bleeding after an injury, you may also have frequent episodes of bleeding, often into the joints and muscles, without being able to figure out a specific cause.
Question: Whereâs the best place to get hemophilia A treatment?
Answer: The best place to go for treatment is a federally funded hemophilia treatment center ( HTC). You'll work with a team of specialists, such as surgeons, dentists, physical therapists, and social workers who focus on the blood disorder. The goal of treatment is to give you the factor VIII your body doesn't make. That's called replacement therapy. It's not a cure, but it does help control your hemophilia. But there's a 20% to 30% chance your body will reject it. In that case, your doctors may try different sources for factor VIII, or try different amounts.
Question: Whoâs most likely to get hemophilia A?
Answer: Hemophilia A usually runs in families, but about one-third of people with the disease don't have a family history of it. Most women with the troublesome gene are carriers and have no symptoms, but they can pass it to their sons.
Question: How can I know if my child has hemophilia?
Answer: It's rare, but if you have a head bump -- even if it's minor -- and you have any of these symptoms, call your doctor: Prolonged headache Throwing up Sleepiness/tiredness Sudden weakness or problems walking Double vision If you have a family history of hemophilia and are pregnant, tests can tell if your baby has the disease. There are risks though, so you'll want to talk to your doctor about testing. In children, doctors usually diagnose severe cases in the first year of a baby's life. Does your child bruise easily or bleed for longer than normal from small injuries? Make an appointment with your child's doctor. They can tell if it's hemophilia. Once a baby starts moving, crawling, and bumping into things, you may notice raised bruises, especially on places like the stomach, chest, back, and bottom.
Question: Where can I get support for hemophilia?
Answer: And if you're a woman, you'll learn if you're a carrier. The best place to go for treatment is a federally funded hemophilia treatment center ( HTC). The federal government pays for a network of more than 140 hemophilia treatment centers where you can get treatment, education, and other resources you need.
Question: What are questions I can ask my doctor about hemophilia?
Answer: If you or your child is diagnosed with hemophilia, you'll probably have a lot of questions for your doctor, including: How often will you need to visit the doctor? How long is too long to bleed from a small cut? Are some symptoms more serious than others? What are they? Are there over-the-counter medicines you should or shouldn't use? How do you keep your child safe? What can you expect as your child gets older? How do you connect with other families that have kids with this condition? What are the chances your other children will have hemophilia?
Question: Does keeping a whitening solution on your teeth longer make your teeth whiter?
Answer: Generally, the longer you keep a stronger solution on your teeth, the whiter your teeth become. However, the higher the percentage of peroxide in the whitening solution, the shorter it should be applied to the teeth. Keeping the gel on longer will dehydrate the tooth and increase tooth sensitivity.
Question: Are there foods and drinks I should avoid if I want to keep my teeth white?
Answer: Also, avoid acidic and tannin-rich foods and beverages such as: Black teas and coffee White and red wine Sports drinks Carbonated beverages (dark and light-colored sodas) Berries and other strongly-colored foods Sauces (soy, tomato, curries) Tooth bleaching can make teeth temporarily sensitive -- or be uncomfortable for people who already have sensitive teeth.
Question: What happens in a thyroid stimulating hormone test?
Answer: The TSH test involves simply drawing some blood from your body. The blood will then be analyzed in a lab. This test can be performed at any time during the day. No preparation is needed (such as overnight fasting). You shouldn't feel any pain beyond a small prick from the needle in your arm. You may have some slight bruising. In general, there is no need to stop taking your medicine(s) before having your TSH level checked. However, it is important to let the doctor know what medications you are taking as some drugs can affect thyroid function. For example, thyroid function must be monitored if you are taking lithium. While taking lithium, there is a high chance that your thyroid might stop functioning correctly. It's recommended that you have a TSH level test before starting this medicine. If your levels are normal, then you can have your levels checked every 6 to 12 months, as recommended by your doctor. If your thyroid function becomes abnormal, you should be treated.
Question: What do high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone mean?
Answer: TSH levels typically fall between 0.4 and 4.0 milliunits per liter (m U/ L), according to the American Thyroid Association. Ranges between laboratories will vary with the upper limit being between 4 to 5. If your level is higher than this, chances are you have an underactive thyroid. In general, T3 and T4 levels increase in pregnancy and TSH levels decrease.
Question: What do low levels of thyroid stimulating hormone mean?
Answer: This could be caused by: Graves' disease (your body's immune system attacks the thyroid) Too much iodine in your body Too much thyroid hormone medication Too much of a natural supplement that contains the thyroid hormone If you're on medications like steroids, dopamine, or opioid painkillers (like morphine), you could get a lower-than-normal reading. Taking biotin ( B vitamin supplements) also can falsely give lower TSH levels. The TSH test usually isn't the only one used to diagnose thyroid disorders. Other tests, like the free T3, the free T4, the reverse T3, and the anti- TPO antibody, are often used too when determining whether you need thyroid treatment or not.
Question: What is a thyroid stimulating hormone test?
Answer: A TSH test is done to find out if your thyroid gland is working the way it should. It can tell you if it's overactive (hyperthyroidism) or underactive (hypothyroidism). The test can also detect a thyroid disorder before you have any symptoms. If untreated, a thyroid disorder can cause health problems. This gland tells your thyroid to make and release the thyroid hormones into your blood.
Question: What is one of the most dangerous aspects of hypertension?
Answer: In fact, nearly one-third of people who have high blood pressure don't know it. The only way to know if your blood pressure is high is through regular checkups. This is especially important if you have a close relative who has high blood pressure. If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for,including: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Blood in the urine Pounding in your chest, neck, or ears If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. You could be having a hypertensive crisis that could lead to a heart attack or stroke.