anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How many children in the United States have mental illness?
Answer: In any given year, 20% of American children will be diagnosed with a mental illness. Symptoms in children vary depending on the type of mental illness, but some of the general symptoms include: Abuse of drugs and/or alcohol Inability to cope with daily problems and activities Changes in sleeping and/or eating habits Excessive complaints of physical ailments Defying authority, skipping school, stealing, or damaging property Intense fear of gaining weight Long-lasting negative moods, often accompanied by poor appetite and thoughts of death Frequent outbursts of anger Changes in school performance, such as getting poor grades despite good efforts Loss of interest in friends and activities they usually enjoy Significant increase in time spent alone Excessive worrying or anxiety Hyperactivity Persistent nightmares or night terrors Persistent disobedience or aggressive behavior Hearing voices or seeing things that are not there (hallucinations) The exact cause of most mental disorders is not known, but research suggests that a combination of factors, including heredity, biology, psychological trauma, and environmental stress, might be involved.
Question: Can you fix thinning hair?
Answer: Short of a transplant, is there anything you can do to stop thinning hair?
Question: What is minoxidil and how can it help thinning hair?
Answer: This is the only over-the-counter medication for hair loss approved by the FDA for use by both men and women. It won't rescue a receding hairline. It does stimulate hair growth, although scientists aren't quite sure how it works. Minoxidil is available as Rogaine or Theroxidil, or in generic form. It's sold as a liquid or foam and in two strengths: 2% and 5%. Effectiveness: Minoxidil works for about 2 out of 3 men. It's most effective if you're under age 40 and have only recently started to lose your hair. What it doesn't do: Minoxidil does not cure baldness. If you stop using it, you will start losing hair again. Your hair may fall out faster than before. Side effects: You may have redness, itching, dryness, flaking, or other scalp irritation, though this is uncommon. It's more likely if you use the stronger 5% solution.
Question: When should you see a doctor about hair loss?
Answer: If you stop taking it, you will lose hair again. It may be caused by illnesses, medicine, or low levels of iron or vitamin D.
Question: What is biotin and low level laser therapy (LLLT), and how can it help thinning hair?
Answer: Biotin is a B vitamin that is essential for your health. No scientific studies have shown biotin to prevent or treat hair loss. You may have heard that laser combs, brushes, hoods, and caps can help halt hair loss. But there's not enough evidence that any of these devices restore hair or prevent balding.
Question: How does high blood pressure affect the retina of your eye?
Answer: Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the area at the back of the eye where images focus. This eye disease is known as hypertensive retinopathy. The damage can be serious if hypertension is not treated.
Question: What are the symptoms of hypertensive retinopathy?
Answer: A person typically won't experience symptoms of mild to moderate hypertensive retinopathy; it is usually discovered during a routine eye exam. Symptoms of more severe and accelerated hypertension might include headaches and vision problems.
Question: How is hypertensive retinopathy treated?
Answer: Using an ophthalmoscope, an instrument that projects light to examine the back of the eyeball, the doctor will look for signs of retinopathy that include: Narrowing of blood vessels Spots on the retina known as cotton wool spots and exudates Swelling of the macula (the central area of the retina) and optic nerve Bleeding in the back of the eye The best way to treat hypertensive retinopathy is to adequately control your blood pressure.
Question: How can you prevent hypertensive retinopathy?
Answer: To prevent hypertensive retinopathy, keep your blood pressure under control by reaching and maintaining your optimal weight, sticking with a diet recommended by your physician, exercising regularly, and faithfully taking your high blood pressure medications as prescribed. In addition, see your doctor on a regular basis for follow-up care.
Question: What is saw palmetto used for?
Answer: Common Names--saw palmetto, American dwarf palm tree, cabbage palm Latin Names-- Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH). Saw palmetto is also used for other conditions, including chronic pelvic pain, bladder disorders, decreased sex drive, hair loss, and hormone imbalances.
Question: What does science suggest about using saw palmetto to treat the prostate?
Answer: While several small studies suggest that saw palmetto may be effective for treating BPH symptoms, most larger trials found little or no evidence that saw palmetto affects prostate disease. In 2006, a large study of 225 men with moderate-to-severe BPH found no improvement with 320 mg saw palmetto daily for 1 year versus placebo. NCCAM co-funded the study with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Saw palmetto does not appear to affect readings of prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) levels. PSA is protein produced by cells in the prostate. The PSA test is used to screen for prostate cancer and to monitor patients who have had prostate cancer.
Question: What are the Latin names for saw palmetto?
Answer: Common Names--saw palmetto, American dwarf palm tree, cabbage palm Latin Names-- Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH).
Question: What are some common names for saw palmetto?
Answer: Common Names--saw palmetto, American dwarf palm tree, cabbage palm Latin Names-- Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH).
Question: What are some side effects and cautions associated with the use of saw palmetto?
Answer: Saw palmetto may cause mild side effects, including stomach discomfort. Some men using saw palmetto have reported side effects such as tender breasts and a decline in sexual desire. Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including saw palmetto. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.
Question: How is saw palmetto used?
Answer: It is available as a liquid extract, tablets, capsules, and as an infusion or a tea.
Question: How is the rheumatoid factor blood test done?
Answer: Your doctor will use a needle to collect blood from a vein, and then send your blood sample to a lab for testing.
Question: What is the rheumatoid factor blood test?
Answer: This is a simple blood test that measures rheumatoid factor, an antibody that, if it is present, will help your doctor know if you have rheumatoid arthritis. Your body produces antibodies when it detects harmful substances.
Question: When is the rheumatoid factor blood test used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: The test also helps your doctor tell the difference between rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthritis, as well as other conditions.
Question: How is a rheumatoid factor test administered?
Answer: It's quick and almost painless. Your doctor will use a needle to collect blood from a vein, and then send your blood sample to a lab for testing.
Question: What is the rheumatoid factor test?
Answer: This is a simple blood test that measures rheumatoid factor, an antibody that, if it is present, will help your doctor know if you have rheumatoid arthritis. Your body produces antibodies when it detects harmful substances. The test also helps your doctor tell the difference between rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthritis, as well as other conditions.
Question: How does the doctor determine the results of the rheumatoid factor blood test?
Answer: If you have the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, such as pain, swelling, and stiff joints, your doctor may use the rheumatoid factor blood test to help diagnose it. And it's found in people with other immune system conditions like lupus and Sjogren's syndrome. People with chronic infections like viral hepatitis can have it too.
Question: How does someone prepare for the rheumatoid factor blood test?
Answer: But even if the test results show you have a high level of it, your doctor will want to do other tests before he makes a diagnosis. If you have questions, talk to your doctor before the test. If you feel faint or nauseated, let your doctor know.
Question: Is rheumatoid arthritis related to rheumatoid factor?
Answer: But even if the test results show you have a high level of it, your doctor will want to do other tests before he makes a diagnosis. He will also examine you and may order other types of lab tests, such as X-rays, an MRI, an ultrasound, or other scans. Remember, sometimes the rheumatoid factor is also found in the blood of healthy people.
Question: What does it mean if someone has high levels of rheumatoid factor?
Answer: But even if the test results show you have a high level of it, your doctor will want to do other tests before he makes a diagnosis. He will also examine you and may order other types of lab tests, such as X-rays, an MRI, an ultrasound, or other scans. Remember, sometimes the rheumatoid factor is also found in the blood of healthy people.
Question: What can I do to prevent denture problems?
Answer: Wearing dentures can be difficult at first. It may take time to get used to them. But you can prevent denture problems by taking good care of your dentures and seeing your dentist every six months for regular checkups. If you notice changes to the way your dentures fit or any other mouth problems, see your dentist right away.
Question: Who should I call if I have problems with my dentures?
Answer: Otherwise, the following problems may occur: Gum and mouth irritation Problems eating and speaking Dentures that move around in your mouth Mouth infections If you have problems with your dentures, see your dentist right away. Your dentures may need to be adjusted or replaced.
Question: What are some tips for cleaning your dentures?
Answer: Here are some tips for cleaning your dentures: Soak your dentures overnight in a denture cleaner. Thoroughly clean them each morning before putting them in your mouth. Use a soft-bristled brush or special denture-cleaning brush. You can use plain soap and warm water or ask your dentist to recommend a denture cleaner. Never use powdered household cleaners or bleach on your dentures, nor toothpaste, which is too abrasive.
Question: What are common problems when using dentures?
Answer: If you wear dentures, it is very important you keep your mouth clean and healthy. You should also only wear dentures that fit properly. Otherwise, the following problems may occur: Gum and mouth irritation Problems eating and speaking Dentures that move around in your mouth Mouth infections If you have problems with your dentures, see your dentist right away.
Question: What mouth infections are linked to dentures?
Answer: Some people who wear dentures get mouth infections, such as: Cheilitis. Both cheilitis and stomatitis can be treated with medicine and proper denture care.
Question: What are tips for when you first start to wear dentures?
Answer: Here are some ways to treat various denture problems: Make sure your dentures fit. Never try to adjust your dentures yourself. Speak slowly. If you are having trouble eating, follow these tips: Take small bites of soft foods, such as eggs and yogurt. Don't eat anything sticky. Chew your food slowly. In time, you should be able to eat most foods. When your dentures are not in your mouth, store them in a denture-cleaning solution or warm water.
Question: What are side effects of SAM-e?
Answer: SAM-e seems to be a relatively safe drug. High doses of oral SAM-e can cause symptoms like gas, upset stomach, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, anxiety, and skin rashes. SAM-e can also trigger an allergic reaction in some people.
Question: How much SAM-e should you take?
Answer: There is no established ideal dose of SAM-e. For depression, many studies have used between 800 -1,600 milligrams daily. For osteoarthritis, 600-1,200 milligrams daily of SAM-e divided into three doses is common. Ask your doctor for advice. Sometimes, the dose of SAM-e is increased gradually over a few weeks. This can help reduce side effects such as restlessness or anxiety.
Question: Why do people take SAM-e?
Answer: SAM-e has good evidence as a treatment for osteoarthritis pain. Some studies have found that oral SAM-e is as effective as NSAID painkillers, such as ibuprofen and Celebrex. SAM-e takes longer to act than drugs do, but it also has fewer side effects than NSAIDs. SAM-e has also been used to treat depression for many years. Some studies have found that SAM-e might work as well as tricyclic antidepressants in relieving symptoms.
Question: What are interactions of SAM-e?
Answer: SAM-e has also been used to treat depression for many years. If you have any medical issues, check with a doctor before you start using SAM-e supplements. SAM-e could also interact with some prescription painkillers, cough medicines, and treatments for diabetes and Parkinson's disease. Patients taking MAOIs should not use SAM-e without discussing it with their doctor.
Question: Who might benefit from shoulder replacement surgery?
Answer: You may have to have it done if you have a condition that makes it painful and hard to use your arm, such as: A serious shoulder injury like a broken bone Severe arthritis A torn rotator cuff Your doctor will probably try to treat you with drugs or physical therapy first. If those don't work, he may recommend surgery. Shoulder replacement surgery is less common than hip or knee replacements. But more than 50,000 shoulder replacements are done in the U. S. each year. An orthopedic surgeon will replace the natural bone in the ball and socket of your shoulder joint with a material that could be metal or plastic.
Question: What are complications of shoulder replacement surgery?
Answer: But as with any operation, there's a chance of complications. These may include: Infection or bleeding around the joint: You'll probably get antibiotics after your surgery to lower your chances of an infection. Dislocation: This happens when the ball slips out of the socket. Nerves around your shoulder may get damaged during surgery: They usually recover. After years of use, the replacement joint may become loose or separate from the bone: You may need surgery to fix it.
Question: How should you prepare for shoulder replacement surgery?
Answer: Before you get your new shoulder, you'll likely get a full physical exam and X-rays or other imaging tests so the surgeon can get a look at the joint. Talk to your doctor about any other conditions you have and any medications you take. You'll have to stop taking certain drugs, especially narcotic painkillers, several weeks before surgery. You may have to cut back on drinking and get more exercise, too. If you smoke, you'll be asked to quit. You can expect to spend 2 to 5 days in the hospital after your operation before going home.
Question: What happens after shoulder replacement surgery?
Answer: It's a major surgery that'll keep you in the hospital for several days. Before you get your new shoulder, you'll likely get a full physical exam and X-rays or other imaging tests so the surgeon can get a look at the joint. Your arm will be in a sling for most of your recovery. It may be 6 weeks or more before you can drive again. In the year after your surgery, you'll have several follow-up visits with your doctor so she can see how your recovery is going.
Question: What is intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer?
Answer: The IMRT technique is very precise. IMRT uses computer-generated images to plan and then deliver tightly focused radiation beams to prostate cancer tumors. With this capability, clinicians can vary the beam intensity to "paint" a precise radiation dose to the shape and depth of the tumor, while significantly reducing the harmful effects of doses on healthy tissue.
Question: How can you reduce skin reactions from radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: Gently cleanse the treated area using lukewarm water and a mild soap such as Ivory, Dove, Neutrogena, Basis, Castile, or Aveeno Oatmeal Soap. Do not rub. Pat your skin dry with a soft towel or use a hair dryer on a cool setting. Try not to scratch or rub the treated area. Do not apply any ointment, cream, lotion, or powder to the treated area unless your radiation oncologist or nurse has prescribed it. Do not wear tight-fitting clothing or clothes made from harsh fabrics such as wool or corduroy. These fabrics can irritate the skin. Instead, choose clothes made from natural fibers such as cotton. Do not apply medical tape or bandages to the treated area. Do not expose the treated area to extreme heat or cold. Avoid using an electric heating pad, hot water bottle, or ice pack. Do not expose the treated area to direct sunlight, as sun exposure may intensify your skin reaction and lead to severe sunburn. Choose a sunscreen of SPF 30 or higher. Protect the treated area from direct sunlight even after your course of treatment is over.
Question: How can you minimize fatigue while you are receiving radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: To minimize fatigue while you are receiving radiation treatment: Be sure to get enough rest. Eat well-balanced, nutritious meals. Pace your activities and plan frequent rest periods.
Question: What are the general guidelines of 3-D conformal radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: All patients have a CT scan specifically for radiation therapy treatment and planning. The CT data is electronically transferred to the 3-dimensional treatment planning computer. The doctor defines the area to be treated along with surrounding areas, such as the bladder, rectum, bowel, and bones. An optimal radiation beam and dose are analyzed using a 3-dimensional computer-generated model. When the exact dose of radiation to the prostate is determined, the patient returns for a treatment simulation. The simulation process transposes or maps the computer-generated plan to the patient. The doctor will review the treatment course and side effects with the patient.
Question: Who can you contact if you have personal concerns about radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: Many hospitals and clinics have a staff social worker who can help you during your treatment. Check with your doctor to see if this is available to you. The social worker can discuss any emotional issues or other concerns about your treatment or your personal situation and provide information about resources. The social worker can also discuss housing or transportation needs if necessary. People dealing with certain medical issues find it helpful to share experiences with others in the same situation. Your doctor can provide a list of support groups if you are interested. Your social worker can provide additional information, and you can look online for support group resources.
Question: Will radiation therapy for prostate cancer make you tired?
Answer: Everyone has his or her own energy level, so radiation treatment will affect each person differently. Patients often feel fatigue after several weeks of treatment. For most patients, this fatigue is mild. However, a loss of energy may require some patients to change their daily routine. If your doctor thinks you should limit your activity, he or she will discuss it with you.
Question: What happens during radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: External radiation therapy requires regular sessions (generally five days per weeks) during a period of about five to eight weeks. For each treatment, the radiation therapist will help you onto the treatment table and into the correct position. Once the therapist is sure you are positioned well, he or she will leave the room and start the radiation treatment. You will be under constant observation during the treatment. Cameras and an intercom are in the treatment room, so the therapist can always see and hear you. Be sure to remain still and relaxed during treatment. Let the therapist know if you have any problems or discomfort. The therapist will be in and out of the room to reposition the machine and change your position. The treatment machine will not touch you, and you will feel nothing during the treatment. Once the treatment is complete, the therapist will help you off the treatment table. The radiation therapist will take a port film, also known as an X-ray, on the first day of treatment and about every week thereafter. Port films verify that you are being positioned accurately during your treatments. Port films do not provide diagnostic information, so radiation therapists cannot learn about your progress from these films. However, port films are important to help the therapists make sure the radiation is delivered to the precise area that needs treatment.
Question: What are marks on the skin used for in radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: Small marks resembling freckles will be made on your skin along the treatment area by the radiation therapist. These marks provide targets for the treatment and are a semi-permanent outline of your treatment area. Do not try to wash these marks off or retouch them if they fade. The therapist will re-mark the treatment area when necessary.
Question: What is the follow-up care like for radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: After your radiation therapy sessions are complete, you will visit your doctor for periodic follow-up exams and tests. Your doctor will tell you how often to schedule your follow-up appointments. You may be eligible to receive a Survivorship Care Plan outlining both what treatment you were given, what side effects may be expected in the short and long term, and who should be following you for what testing and care. Ask your doctor about it.
Question: What are possible side effects from 3-D conformal radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
Answer: See Radioactive Seed Implants for more about this type of radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Hair loss may occur in the area being radiated. Nausea and vomiting are uncommon unless the upper abdominal areas are radiated. Mild fatigue. Frequent urination, a weak urine stream, or a mild burning with urination. Diarrhea, though uncontrolled diarrhea is rare. Because the radiation beam passes through normal tissues, such as the rectum, bladder, and intestines on its way to the prostate, it kills some healthy cells. This is why diarrhea may result. Possible long-term problems, including proctitis (inflammation of the rectum) with bleeding, bowel problems such as diarrhea, incontinence, and impotence.
Question: How does radiation therapy treat prostate cancer?
Answer: Internal radiation therapy places radioactive implants directly into the tumor. See Radioactive Seed Implants for more about this type of radiation therapy for prostate cancer. These skin reactions are common and temporary. This therapy may be able to deliver more radiation specifically to a prostate cancer tumor with less damage to normal tissue.