anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How does physical therapy help treat arthritis?
Answer: Preserving good range of motion is key to maintain the ability to perform daily activities. Therefore, increasing the range of motion of a joint is the primary focus of physical therapy. Building strength in the involved muscles surrounding the joint also is extremely important, since stronger muscles can better stabilize a weakened joint.
Question: How can an occupational therapist help someone with arthritis?
Answer: An occupational therapist can show you ways to do everyday tasks without worsening pain or causing joint damage. Some joint protection techniques include: Using proper body mechanics for getting in and out of a car, chair or tub, as well as for lifting objects. Using your strongest joints and muscles to reduce the stress on smaller joints.
Question: How can a physical therapist help with treating arthritis?
Answer: Physical therapists provide exercises designed to preserve the strength and use of your joints. They can show you the best way to move from one position to another and can also teach you how to use walking aids such as crutches, a walker or a cane, if necessary.
Question: Do ice packs and heating pads help if you have arthritis?
Answer: Applying ice packs or heating pads, as well as deep heat provided by ultrasound and hot packs, can help relieve local pain. Heat also relaxes muscle spasm around inflamed joints. Heating joints and muscles with a warm bath or shower before exercising may help you exercise more easily.
Question: How can occupational therapy help if you have arthritis?
Answer: Occupational therapy can teach you how to reduce strain on your joints during daily activities. Occupational therapists can show you how to modify your home and workplace environments to reduce motions that may aggravate arthritis. They also may provide splints for your hands or wrists, and recommend assistive devices to aid in tasks such as driving, bathing, dressing, housekeeping, and certain work activities.
Question: What's the goal of physical therapy for arthritis?
Answer: The goal of physical therapy is to get a person back to the point where he or she can perform normal, everyday activities without difficulty.
Question: What types of devices can help if you have arthritis?
Answer: Some joint protection techniques include: Using proper body mechanics for getting in and out of a car, chair or tub, as well as for lifting objects. Your therapist can show you catalogs that have a wide variety of assistive devices.
Question: Can I exercise if I have neck pain?
Answer: As long as your doctor says it's OK, you should start as soon as possible to ease stiffness and pain. Resting for too long, usually anything more than a couple of days, will make it harder to get moving again. Don't exercise if you have severe neck pain or weakness in your hands or arms. If you get it while you exercise, stop right away and call your doctor.
Question: What is a side-to-side neck tilt?
Answer: Side-to- Side Neck Tilt. From the same starting position, tilt you neck toward one shoulder, leading with your ear. Hold for 5 seconds and then return to the starting position. Do this five times on each side.
Question: How do you do shoulder circles?
Answer: Shoulder Circles: Standing, raise your shoulders straight up and move them in a circle one way. Lower your shoulder and repeat in the other direction.
Question: How can I do rotations for my neck pain?
Answer: Rotations: Stand or sit with your back and your head squarely over your shoulders. Then, turn your head as far you can comfortably to one side. Hold it for up to 30 seconds. Then turn your head to the other side, and hold it for up to 30 seconds.
Question: How long does neck pain usually last?
Answer: Your pain should ease within 2 weeks. Full recovery should take 4-6 weeks. As your neck starts feeling better, you can do more of what you're used to.
Question: How can I do head lifts for my neck pain?
Answer: Head Lifts. Lying on the floor with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor, lift and lower your head. Make sure you don't raise your shoulders as you do this. You can also do these lying on your side and on your stomach.
Question: How can I do resistance exercises for my neck pain?
Answer: Resistance Exercises: Standing or sitting, put your left hand on the side of your head above your ear. Gently press your head against your hand while holding your head straight. Do the same thing with your right hand. Core exercises can help with your neck pain.
Question: How are corns treated?
Answer: Corns Don't try to cut the corn or remove it with a sharp object. After you take a bath or shower, while your skin is still soft, use a pumice stone or an emery board to smooth and gently remove the build-up of tissue. Move the emery board or pumice stone in one direction only. You can also use cushioned or medicated pads.
Question: How are calluses treated?
Answer: Calluses Don't try to cut the callus or remove it with a sharp object. After your bath or shower, use a pumice stone to gently remove the build-up of tissue. You can use cushioned pads, donut pads and insoles to keep the pressure off the callus area. Your health care provider may prescribe medications to soften the calluses.
Question: What are blisters and how do they form?
Answer: Blisters: A blister is a bubble on the skin surface that often contains a clear liquid, although it may also contain blood or pus. Blisters can form when the skin is repeatedly rubbed; for instance, when your shoes rub the same spot on your foot, when you wear shoes that don't fit properly, or when you wear shoes without socks.
Question: How can blisters, corns, and calluses be prevented?
Answer: Blisters can form when the skin is repeatedly rubbed; for instance, when your shoes rub the same spot on your foot, when you wear shoes that don't fit properly, or when you wear shoes without socks.
Question: What is a callus and what causes it?
Answer: Callus: A callus is a build-up of hard skin, usually on the underside of the foot. Calluses are caused by an uneven distribution of weight, generally on the bottom of the forefoot or heel. Calluses also can be caused by improperly fitting shoes or by a skin abnormality. It's normal to have some calluses on the soles of your feet.
Question: Are over-the-counter painkillers safe to use?
Answer: Some signs that your flu is getting worse include: A high fever Shaking chills Shortness of breath If you take them properly and follow the label instructions, OTC painkillers are safe for most people. But if you need pain relief for more than 10 days, talk to your doctor. Although they're usually safe, side effects can occur and may be quite serious for some people. For instance, if you use blood-thinning medicine or have active stomach or bowel ulcers, don't take aspirin or other NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen.
Question: Can I combine over-the-counter pain relievers with other cold medicines?
Answer: Since combination cold medicines often have a pain reliever in them, usually acetaminophen or ibuprofen, be careful that you don't take another painkiller on top of that. Read the ingredients label to see which pain reliever is in your cold medicine. If it's one that's not safe to take with your medical condition, look for another. To be safe, talk with your doctor about any OTC drugs you're thinking of using.
Question: Is acetaminophen safer than ibuprofen?
Answer: You shouldn't take it if you already have liver disease or if you regularly drink moderate to heavy amounts of alcohol.
Question: When is aspirin not safe for use in children?
Answer: And the FDA and drugmakers say that over-the-counter cough and cold medicines should not be given to children under age 4. Some doctors say that people with asthma should avoid aspirin because they get short of breath. If it's one that's not safe to take with your medical condition, look for another.
Question: What does over-the-counter (OTC) medicine mean?
Answer: Both acetaminophen and NSAIDs can lower your fever and ease muscle aches. Some people find that one medicine works better for them than another. Many OTC cold medicines have either acetaminophen or ibuprofen in them. Many symptoms of these two illnesses are similar. NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen, may also cause stomach upset.
Question: Do I need to go to a doctor if I am achy while sick?
Answer: When you feel like you're coming down with a cold, you don't need a crystal ball to figure out what's next. Maybe a headache, sore throat, or a runny nose. Achy muscles can be a problem, too. Want some relief?
Question: How do over-the-counter (OTC) pain medicines work?
Answer: Some good choices for pain relief are acetaminophen or NSAIDs like aspirin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen. Acetaminophen affects the areas of your brain that receive "pain messages."
Question: How can you drain a K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: Constant drainage is best during the first 3 to 4 weeks for a new pouch. If the catheter or tube accidentally falls out before that time, you can put it back in with these simple steps: Relax your abdominal muscles. It may be helpful to bend your knee as you do that. Relubricate the catheter with water-soluble lubricant. Don't use Vaseline or other products containing petroleum jelly. Reinsert the catheter up to the preset mark. If you find this hard to do, relax, change positions and try again. During this initial period, you will need to irrigate the catheter several times a day with 1 ounce of tap water and let it drain off.
Question: How do you irrigate the catheter in a K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: Separate the catheter from the drainage bag and drain the contents of the catheter into the basin. Collect 1 ounce of tap water into the bulb syringe. Tip: Mark this spot on the bulb syringe with permanent marker or nail polish for accurate, easy measurement. To insert the ounce of tap water into the catheter, slowly squeeze the bulb syringe to release the water. While you hold the syringe bulb down with your thumb, pinch the catheter and separate the bulb syringe from the catheter. Unpinch the catheter and drain its contents into the basin. Don't withdraw the fluid from the catheter into the syringe. If the fluid you just put in seems to take a long time to come back out, or if mucus blocks the catheter, irrigate again as needed until stool flows freely through the catheter. If water doesn't go in or come back out, the tube may be blocked. You may have to remove the catheter from the stoma and rinse it with cool tap water to clean any mucus built up inside the catheter. Then reinsert the catheter. Don't put in more than 2 ounces of water without the pouch contents emptying. When the stool flow has stopped, reconnect the catheter. Cleanse the skin around it and the stoma. Use a non-oily soap and warm water to do that. Rinse, and pat dry with a soft towel or paper towel. Put two layers of "split" dry gauze dressing around the catheter and over the stoma. Secure with tape as needed. Throw out the trash. Wash the basin and the bulb syringe with soap and warm water. Let the supplies air dry, or dry with a clean towel. Wash, rinse, and dry your hands.
Question: What is a K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: Unlike other ileostomies, the K-pouch has a valve that the surgeon makes. She sews the intestine in a special way so that waste material doesn't leak out. Instead, you insert a tube called a catheter when it's time to empty the pouch. As the pouch fills with what's in your intestines (such as liquids and partly digested food), pressure builds up on the pouch and its many stitches. Without relief, the pouch could tear or develop a hole, or the valve could slip or leak.
Question: How should you drain a K-pouch (continent ileostomy) after the first few weeks?
Answer: After the first 3 to 4 weeks, you can stop the continuous draining and start draining several times per day, or as instructed by your health care provider. Though you usually make this change after seeing your doctor for the first time after the operation, sometimes your doctor will tell you to start doing the following earlier: Drain the pouch every 2 hours during the day while you are awake. Drain at bedtime and first thing in the morning. Don't drink or eat within 2 hours of bedtime. During the night, you will usually set the catheter to constant drainage. You may also set your alarm clock to wake you to empty the pouch.
Question: What are other helpful tips about K-pouch (continent ileostomy) care?
Answer: Check the catheter often to be sure drainage flows freely through the tube. Irrigate it twice a day, or as instructed by your ET nurse or doctor. You should also inspect your stoma daily. It should look shiny, moist, and red. If you see any changes, tell your doctor. If your stool becomes too thick and movement through the catheter slows down or has problems, you may need to drink more water, juice, or other beverages that don't have caffeine. Go for 10-12 glasses -- 8 ounces each -- per day. Never take laxative preparations. They can cause diarrhea and lead to dehydration.
Question: How should you drain a K-pouch (continent ileostomy) after three months?
Answer: Three months after surgery, there are usually no specific restrictions. You'll probably need to empty the pouch four to six times per day and use irrigation two of these times. But anytime you feel full or bloated, drain the pouch. And do it before you work out or go to bed.
Question: How often do I drain a K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: Right after the operation, you will have what doctors call an indwelling catheter, meaning the surgeon will leave a tube in the pouch to drain continuously. This will last for about 3 to 4 weeks to allow the pouch to mature. After that, you will drain the pouch several times per day. The number of times you need to drain the pouch each day becomes less over time. Talk with your doctor, surgeon, or enterostomal therapist ( ET), a nurse who specializes in the care of stomas. Most likely, you will have met them before the operation. They can remind you of how to take care of your stoma, ostomy, or pouch.
Question: What should you do if you think drainage has stopped in your K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: If, at any time, you think pouch drainage has stopped, do these four things: Irrigate the catheter. Pinch the catheter between your finger and thumb and check to see if a fluid or air column is moving up and down. Wiggle the catheter in and out about an inch. If you still think pouch drainage has stopped, remove the catheter in case food particles or debris has blocked it. Flush the catheter with cool tap water, then reinsert it. Irrigate the catheter. While you hold the syringe bulb down with your thumb, pinch the catheter and separate the bulb syringe from the catheter.
Question: How can you prepare to clean the catheter and your skin in a K-pouch (continent ileostomy)?
Answer: First, gather these supplies: Washcloths or paper towels Soap that isn't oily Plastic bag or newspaper Dressing Irrigation supplies: tap water, bulb syringe, and basin Wash your hands with soap and warm water, and dry them with a clean towel. Cleanse the skin around it and the stoma.
Question: Are there ways to get pregnant that bypass the fallopian tubes?
Answer: Once you begin to successfully ovulate, your doctor may suggest trying artificial insemination, in which sperm is inserted directly into your uterus. Keep in mind that some standard treatments for endometriosis can either prevent pregnancy or, in the case of the hormone Danocrine, cause serious birth defects. Make sure your doctor knows that you are trying to conceive if you're being treated for endometriosis.
Question: How do problems with the fallopian tubes affect fertility?
Answer: Problems with the fallopian tubes also account for a significant percentage of infertility cases. Sometimes, the tubes may be blocked or they may be scarred as a result of disease or infection. When an egg is released from one of the ovaries, it travels through one of the fallopian tubes, which are narrow ducts that connect the ovaries to the uterus. Normally, the egg will join with the sperm in the fallopian tubes during conception and the now-fertilized egg will continue on to the uterus. However, the fallopian tubes are extremely fragile. If they are blocked, there's no way for the egg to become fertilized by the sperm.
Question: Should I let my doctor know if I'm trying to conceive while being treated for endometriosis?
Answer: Keep in mind that some standard treatments for endometriosis can either prevent pregnancy or, in the case of the hormone Danocrine, cause serious birth defects. Make sure your doctor knows that you are trying to conceive if you're being treated for endometriosis.
Question: How do I find out if my fallopian tubes are blocked?
Answer: To determine whether your fallopian tubes are blocked, your doctor may suggest a laparoscopy or a hysterosalpingogram ( HSG). In an HSG test, liquid dye is inserted by catheter through the vagina (cervix) into the uterus. Then, X-rays are taken to see if there is a blockage or if the dye flows freely into the abdomen. Another method of HSG uses saline and air rather than dye and ultrasound instead of X-ray. If you have problems with your fallopian tubes, your doctor may recommend surgery to correct the damage or unblock the tubes.
Question: How does endometriosis affect your menstrual cycle?
Answer: The problem is that this tissue behaves like normal endometrial tissue -- it builds up and breaks down with your menstrual cycle -- but it can't be shed like normal endometrial tissue during your period. As a result, the rogue tissue causes irritation and inflammation. This buildup of tissue can prevent the eggs from getting out of the ovaries or being fertilized by sperm. It can also scar and block the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting.
Question: What are common symptoms of endometriosis?
Answer: In addition to fertility problems, some common signs and symptoms of endometriosis include: Pelvic pain Painful intercourse Painful urination Painful bowel movements Severe abdominal pain Lower back pain Heavy periods or spotting between periods Fatigue Some women with endometriosis do not have symptoms.
Question: How are fallopian tubes damaged?
Answer: Sometimes, the tubes may be blocked or they may be scarred as a result of disease or infection.
Question: How does  laparoscopy help diagnose endometriosis?
Answer: To find out, your doctor may suggest a laparoscopy. In this procedure, a surgeon inserts a small camera through a tube into your abdomen to check for abnormal endometrial tissue. Make sure your doctor knows that you are trying to conceive if you're being treated for endometriosis.
Question: How does surgery help endomeriosis?
Answer: In some women, surgery significantly improves their chances of getting pregnant. You should know, however, that pregnancy rates tend to be lower for women with severe endometriosis. If you have problems with your fallopian tubes, your doctor may recommend surgery to correct the damage or unblock the tubes.
Question: What is the purpose of a proctoscopy?
Answer: Your doctor may need to look for diseases of the rectum or anus, to check on abnormal results of a barium enema, or to look for causes of rectal bleeding. You may also get proctoscopy to track the growth of polyps (benign growths on the lining of the intestine) or to check for a return of rectal cancer if you've already had surgery for cancer.
Question: What is a proctoscopy?
Answer: Your doctor may need to look for diseases of the rectum or anus, to check on abnormal results of a barium enema, or to look for causes of rectal bleeding. You may also get proctoscopy to track the growth of polyps (benign growths on the lining of the intestine) or to check for a return of rectal cancer if you've already had surgery for cancer.
Question: How do you prepare for a proctoscopy?
Answer: Before you get a proctoscopy, your doctor will usually ask you to use an enema (medication inserted into the rectum in order to cleanse the bowel) the night before the procedure. Ask for specific instructions. Or you may get an enema in the doctor's office just before the test.
Question: What happens on the day of a proctoscopy?
Answer: You'll probably get a proctoscopy in your doctor's office. You will remove your clothing below the waist and lie on your side on a table. The doctor will insert a gloved finger into your anus to check for tenderness or blockage. The doctor will then insert a lubricated proctoscope into your rectum and pump air in to expand the rectum. You may feel some fullness, like you need to pass a stool. Your doctor also may use special tools to remove growths or to take a sample of tissue -- called a biopsy -- for further testing. When the exam is over, your doctor will gently withdraw the scope. Most people don't need anesthesia for this procedure. You may feel some pressure or cramping while the scope is in place. But you should not feel any pain.
Question: What are the symptoms of sulfa allergies?
Answer: If you're allergic to sulfa drugs, or any other medication, you may have one or more of these symptoms: Skin rash or hives Itching Breathing problems Swelling The reaction can also cause these serious skin reactions: Sulfonamide drug hypersensitivity syndrome: Rash, fever, and organ problems begin within 1 to 2 weeks after you start the drug.
Question: What are the skin symptoms of sulfa allergies?
Answer: If you're allergic to sulfa drugs, or any other medication, you may have one or more of these symptoms: Skin rash or hives Itching Breathing problems Swelling The reaction can also cause these serious skin reactions: Sulfonamide drug hypersensitivity syndrome: Rash, fever, and organ problems begin within 1 to 2 weeks after you start the drug. Drug eruption: Red or swollen, rounded patches form in 30 minutes to 8 hours. Stevens Johnson syndrome: This potentially life-threatening reaction causes skin to blister and peel off. Other reactions to sulfa drugs include headache, trouble sleeping, cloudy urine (crystalluria), and low blood counts. Rarely, a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis happens.
Question: What drugs should I avoid with sulfa allergies?
Answer: Sulfa antibiotics have been widely used for more than 70 years. In fact, the first antibiotic was a sulfa drug introduced in 1936. Today, these drugs include burn creams, vaginal suppositories, and eye drops as well as medications for many types of infections. If you've had an allergic reaction to one sulfa antibiotic, you're probably allergic to all of them. Here are a few examples of common sulfa drugs that could cause problems: Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim ( Bactrim, Sulfatrim): a sulfa combination drug that can be taken in liquid or pill form for many types of infections Sulfacetamide ( BLEPH-10): drops for eye infections Sulfadiazine silver ( Silvadene): cream to prevent and treat burn infections Sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine): pills for rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease Even if you're allergic to antibiotics that have sulfa, you might be able to take some other types of sulfa drugs without a reaction.
Question: How common is pelvic organ prolapse (POP)?
Answer: Nearly half of all women between ages 50 and 79 have at least a little bit of pelvic organ prolapse ( POP). It doesn't always cause symptoms, so you could actually have it and not know it. Men can get POP, too, if their bladders or rectums drop down.