anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Which gene is responsible for the Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeodomain complex 1 (PITX1) gene.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome is caused by a deletion upstream to the PITX1 gene resulting in transformation of the upper limbs to reflect lower limb characteristics The deleted region is upstream to the PITX1 gene.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome is caused by a deletion upstream to the PITX1 gene resulting in transformation of the upper limbs to reflect lower limb characteristics
Question: What is Telangiectasia?
Answer: Telangiectasia (macroscopically visible dilated skin vessels)
Question: What is Telangiectasia?
Answer: Telangiectasias are small focal red macules and papules created by abnormally prominent capillaries, venules, and arterioles
Question: What is Telangiectasia?
Answer: Telangiectasias are prominent small vessels (venules, capillaries or arterioles) that are visible as small red-purple focal lesions in the skin and mucous membranes.
Question: What is Telangiectasia?
Answer: Telangiectasias are small focal red macules and papules created by abnormally prominent capillaries, venules, and arterioles Telangiectasia (macroscopically visible dilated skin vessels)
Question: Which tool exists for microsatellite (SSR) loci detection and primer design?
Answer: Microsatellites are genomic sequences comprised of tandem repeats of short nucleotide motifs widely used as molecular markers in population genetics. FullSSR is a new bioinformatic tool for microsatellite (SSR) loci detection and primer design using genomic data from NGS assay.
Question: Which tool exists for microsatellite (SSR) loci detection and primer design?
Answer: FullSSR is a new bioinformatic tool for microsatellite (SSR) loci detection and primer design using genomic data from NGS assay.
Question: What is the role of STAG1/STAG2 proteins in differentiation?
Answer: STAG1/STAG2 proteins are tumour suppressor proteins that suppress cell proliferation and are essential for differentiation.
Question: What is the role of STAG1/STAG2 proteins in differentiation?
Answer: involved in the g2-m transition
Question: What is the role of STAG1/STAG2 proteins in differentiation?
Answer: STAG1/STAG2 proteins are tumour suppressor proteins that suppress cell proliferation and differentiation.
Question: What is the role of STAG1/STAG2 proteins in differentiation?
Answer: The expression of STAG1 mRNA was induced in response to various genotoxic stresses in a p53-dependent manner; moreover, enforced expression of STAG1 led to apoptosis in several additional cancer cell lines. The simultaneous blocking of STAG1 and STAG2 significantly reduces cell proliferation.  STAG1 preferentially contributes to the stabilization of topologically associating domain boundaries together with CTCF, whereas STAG2 promotes cell-type-specific contacts between enhancers and promoters independently of CTCF.
Question: How does neuronal activity affect neuroligin-3?
Answer: Neuronal activity-induces secretion of neuroligin-3.
Question: What is the outcome of TAF10 interacting with the GATA1 transcription factor?
Answer: TAF10 Interacts with the GATA1 Transcription Factor and Controls Mouse Erythropoiesis.
Question: Which tool has been developed for tagging biomedical concepts via interactive learning?
Answer: ezTag is a web-based annotation tool that supports annotating a wide variety of biological concepts with or without pre-existing training data. It allows curators to perform annotation and provide training data with humans in the loop. ezTag supports both abstracts in PubMed and full-text articles in PubMed Central. It also provides lexicon-based concept tagging as well as the state-of-the-art pre-trained taggers such as TaggerOne, GNormPlus and tmVar. ezTag is freely available at http://eztag.bioqrator.org.
Question: Which was the first mutant IDH2 inhibitor to be approved for patients with acute myeloid leukemia?
Answer: Enasidenib was the first mutant IDH2 inhibitor to be approved for the treatment of refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.
Question: What is the phenotype of people carrying mutations in the gene PRDM12?
Answer: New therapeutic options have recently been derived from studies of individuals with congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP). Here we identified 10 different homozygous mutations in PRDM12 (encoding PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain-containing protein 12) in subjects with CIP from 11 families.
Question: What is the genetic cause of Roberts syndrome?
Answer: Roberts syndrome (RBS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin acetyltransferase ESCO2.
Question: Is the H3K4me3 histone mark related to transcriptional initiation or elongation?
Answer: H3K4me3 is associated with transcriptionally active genes, but its function in the transcription process is still unclear. It is well known to occur in the promoter region of genes for transcription activation but its levels correlate positively with the antisense expression levels of the associated sense genes implying that it may be also involved in the activation of antisense transcription. Although it is mostly associated with transcription initiation H3K4me3 levels determine the efficiency of transcription elongation.
Question: What is a Aquaporin channel?
Answer: Aquaporins are membrane channels expressed in almost every organism and involved in the bidirectional transfer of water and small solutes across cell membranes. Aquaporins have important biological roles and have been implicated in several pathophysiological conditions suggesting a great translational potential in aquaporin-based diagnostics and therapeutics.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia?
Answer: Braineacv2 has been identified as a database that contains regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia?
Answer: Genome-wide association studies have generated an increasing number of common genetic variants associated with neurological and psychiatric disease risk. An improved understanding of the genetic control of gene expression in human brain is vital considering this is the likely modus operandum for many causal variants. However, human brain sampling complexities limit the explanatory power of brain-related expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and allele-specific expression (ASE) signals. Disease-relevant regulatory loci were identified, finding that splicing eQTLs are enriched for regulatory information of neuron-specific genes, that ASEs provide cell-specific regulatory information with evidence for cellular specificity, and that incomplete annotation of the brain transcriptome limits interpretation of risk loci for neuropsychiatric disease. This resource of regulatory data is accessible through http://braineacv2.inf.um.es/.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia?
Answer: Braineacv2 is a database that contains regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia.
Question: Which programming language has been used for implementing GWAR?
Answer: Stata
Question: What is the preDIVA clinical trial?
Answer: The preDIVA trial (Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care) was an open-label, cluster-randomized controlled trial in community-dwelling individuals aged 70 to 78 years.
Question: What is the cause of the disease Xeroderma Pigmentosum?
Answer: Mutations in the ERCC1 or ERCC4 genes cause a remarkable array of rare inherited human disorders including specific forms of xeroderma pigmentosum. Individuals with NER-defective xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), in which bulky DNA lesions are not efficiently removed, are cancer-prone and suffer neurodegeneration.
Question: What are check point inhibitors?
Answer: Immune checkpoint blocking monoclonal antibodies are heralded as a promising therapeutic approach in clinical oncology. These mAbs do not directly attack the malignant cells as most anticancer mAbs; rather, they enhance the anti-tumor response of the immune system by targeting immune regulatory pathways.
Question: What kind of chromatography is HILIC?
Answer: Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC)
Question: What is the color of the protein Ranasmurfin?
Answer: Ranasmurfin is a blue protein.
Question: Which G protein is essential in the formation and function of lamellipodia?
Answer: Recruitment of the small G-protein Rac1 to the plasma membrane is essential in inducing the local formation of specialized cellular processes termed lamellipodia.
Question: What gene is mutated in Huntington's disease?
Answer: Huntington disease (HD; OMIM 143100), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by an expanded trinucleotide CAG (polyQ) motif in the HTT gene. Mutations of the huntingtin protein (HTT) gene underlie both adult-onset and juvenile forms of Huntington's disease (HD).
Question: What gene is mutated in Huntington's disease?
Answer: Huntington disease  is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is caused by an expanded trinucleotide CAG (polyQ) motif in the HTT gene.
Question: Which polyQ tract protein is linked to Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 2?
Answer: Ataxin-2 is an evolutionarily conserved protein first identified in humans as responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). The molecular basis of SCA2 is the expansion of a polyglutamine tract in Ataxin-2, encoding a Lsm domain that may bind RNA and a PAM2 motif that enables interaction with the poly (A) binding protein.
Question: What body parts are also known as phalanges?
Answer: The anatomical structure of each finger is comprised of four phalanges (distal, middle, proximal, and metacarpal phalange). Toes are also known as phalages
Question: Which gene is associated with Muenke syndrome?
Answer: Muenke syndrome has been related to a mutation on the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR3) gene.
Question: What is the inheritance pattern of Li–Fraumeni syndrome?
Answer: Li-Fraumeni syndrome shows autosomal dominant inheritance.
Question: What is the cyberknife used for?
Answer: CyberKnife(r) is a robotic stereotactic radiotherapy system
Question: Which is the genome browser database for DNA shape annotations?
Answer: GBshape provides minor groove width, propeller twist, roll, helix twist and hydroxyl radical cleavage predictions for the entire genomes of 94 organisms. Additional genomes can easily be added using the GBshape framework. GBshape can be used to visualize DNA shape annotations qualitatively in a genome browser track format, and to download quantitative values of DNA shape features as a function of genomic position at nucleotide resolution.
Question: Which algorithm is available for computing minimal absent words using external memory?
Answer: emMAW
Question: Which algorithm is available for computing minimal absent words using external memory?
Answer: emMAW is the first external-memory algorithm for computing minimal absent words. A free open-source implementation of this algorithm is available. This implementation requires less than 3 h on a standard workstation to process the full human genome when as little as 1 GB of RAM is made available.
Question: Which is the molecular weight of the protein angiogenin?
Answer: The molecular weight of angiogenin is 14,120 Da. The bovine angiogenin is 14,595 Da
Question: In which cells are gasdermins expressed?
Answer: Members of the novel gene family Gasdermin (Gsdm) are exclusively expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner in the epithelium of skin and the gastrointestinal tract.
Question: Which is the target of bortezomib used in cancer therapy?
Answer: Bortezomib is a potent and specific reversible ubiquitin/proteasome pathway inhibitor, which has shown strong in vitro antitumor activity as single agent and in combination with other cytotoxic drugs in a broad spectrum of hematological and solid malignancies.
Question: What has pimavanserin been approved for by the FDA (2018)?
Answer: Pimavanserin was approved for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis.
Question: Selexipag is used for which disease?
Answer: Selexipag is a novel, oral, selective prostacyclin (PGI2) receptor agonist in clinical development for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Question: Which microRNA is the mediator of the obesity phenotype of patients carrying 1p21.3 microdeletions?
Answer: MIR137 is the mediator of the obesity phenotype of patients carrying 1p21.3 microdeletions.
Question: Which was the first adeno-associated virus vector gene therapy product approved in the United States?
Answer: The first adeno-associated virus vector gene therapy product in the United States was Luxturna.
Question: What is a likely origin of intronless genes?
Answer: More than half of SEGs identified in most of the species have at least one ortholog multiple exon gene in the same genome, which provides insight to their possible origin by retrotransposition
Question: What is a likely origin of intronless genes?
Answer: There is strong support for the idea that retrotransposition followed by tandem duplications is the most probable event that can explain the expansion of intronless or single-exon genes (SEG) in eukaryotic organisms. More than half of SEGs identified in most of the species have at least one ortholog multiple exon gene in the same genome, which provides insight to their possible origin by retrotransposition.
Question: What is a likely origin of intronless genes?
Answer: The origin of intronless genes is most likely retrotransposition
Question: What is a likely origin of intronless genes?
Answer: Intronless genes (IGs) constitute approximately 3% of the human genome. Their origin is likely to be retrotransposition due to loss-of-function mutations or duplication.
Question: What is a likely origin of intronless genes?
Answer: Genes without introns are a characteristic feature of prokaryotes, but there are still a number of intronless genes in eukaryotes. Most of these genes may have originated from retrotransposition rather than lineage-specific expansions of repeat elements.
Question: Is there any genetic determinant of hair pigmentation that could be useful in forensic analyses?
Answer: Yes, there are at least 12 genes associated with human hair color variation such as: TYR, TYRP1, OCA2, SLC45A2, SLC24A5, MC1R, ASIP and KITLG.
Question: Which company produces patisiran?
Answer: Patisiran has been developed by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals.
Question: To what extent does HPV vaccination reduce the risk for cervical cancer?
Answer: The most effective strategy therein was vaccination of 12-year-olds, plus a temporary 12-24-year-old catch-up program covering both sexes; whereby HPV 6/11/16/18-related cervical cancer, high-grade cervical precancer, and genital wart incidence was reduced by 84-98% during year 50 following vaccine introduction. Vaccine efficacy in prevention of CIN 2 or higher lesions in HPV 16 or HPV 18 negative women, who received all vaccination doses, ranges between 98% and 100%
Question: What is the lipid droplet used for in the cell?
Answer: Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous and physiologically active organelles regulating storage and mobilization of lipids in response to metabolic demands.
Question: Which bioconductor tool has been developed for accessing bacterial regulatory networks?
Answer: The Regutools R package to facilitates programmatic access to RegulonDB data in computational biology. regutools gives researchers the possibility of writing reproducible workflows with automated queries to RegulonDB. The regutools package serves as a bridge between RegulonDB data and the Bioconductor ecosystem by reusing the data structures and statistical methods powered by other Bioconductor packages.
Question: Which bioconductor tool has been developed for accessing bacterial regulatory networks?
Answer: RegulonDB has collected, harmonized and centralized data from hundreds of experiments for nearly two decades and is considered a point of reference for transcriptional regulation in Escherichia coli K12. The regutools package serves as a bridge between RegulonDB data and the Bioconductor ecosystem by reusing the data structures and statistical methods powered by other Bioconductor packages.
Question: How many groups of viruses exist  in the Baltimore Classification?
Answer: There are seven "Baltimore classes" (BCs) that define the major features of virus reproduction.
Question: How many groups of viruses exist  in the Baltimore Classification?
Answer: seven "Baltimore classes" (BCs) that define the major features of virus reproduction
Question: How many groups of viruses exist  in the Baltimore Classification?
Answer: The Baltimore Classification system consists of seven classes (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, C and D) that are classified into seven different regions based on sequence similarity.
Question: Which enzyme is inhibited by ribociclib?
Answer: Ribociclib is inhibitor of cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK 4/6). It is used for breast cancer treatment.
Question: What is the name of the stem loop present in the 3' end of genes encoding for selenoproteins?
Answer: SECIS (selenocysteine insertion sequence)
Question: What causes Black Lung?
Answer: Black lung, also known as pneumoconiosis, is caused by chronic exposure to coal dust.
Question: Which mutated gene is associated with Waardenburg and Tietz syndromes?
Answer: Mutations in microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) gene cause Waardenburg and Tietz syndromes.
Question: Which is the most common editing modification in eukaryotic mRNA?
Answer: One of the most common forms of pre-mRNA editing is A-to-I editing, in which adenosine is deaminated to inosine, which is read as guanosine during translation.
Question: Mutations in which gene form the genetic basis of the DOORS syndrome?
Answer: Mutations in TBC1D24 seem to be an important cause of DOORS syndrome and can cause diverse phenotypes. Thus, individuals with DOORS syndrome without deafness and seizures but with the other features should still be screened for TBC1D24 mutations. More information is needed to understand the cellular roles of TBC1D24 and identify the genes responsible for DOORS phenotypes in individuals who do not have a mutation in TBC1D24.
Question: What is the mode of inheritance in Fanconi anemia?
Answer: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome with diverse clinical symptoms including developmental defects, short stature, bone marrow failure, and a high risk of malignancies. Fifteen genetic subtypes have been distinguished so far. The mode of inheritance for all subtypes is autosomal recessive, except for FA-B, which is X-linked
Question: What is the mode of inheritance in Fanconi anemia?
Answer: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome. So far, fifteen genetic subtypes have been distinguished. The mode of inheritance for all subtypes is autosomal recessive, except for FANCB, which is X-linked.
Question: Which type of genes are modulated by SATB1?
Answer: Lack of effector T cell (T(eff) cell) function and gain of suppressive activity by T(reg) cells are dependent on the transcriptional program induced by Foxp3. Here we report that repression of SATB1, a genome organizer that regulates chromatin structure and gene expression, was crucial for the phenotype and function of T(reg) cells. Release of SATB1 from the control of Foxp3 in T(reg) cells caused loss of suppressive function, establishment of transcriptional T(eff) cell programs and induction of T(eff) cell cytokines. At an Associative t-test threshold of P
Question: Which type of genes are modulated by SATB1?
Answer: Repression of the genome organizer SATB1 in regulatory T cells is required for suppressive function and inhibition of effector differentiation
Question: Which type of genes are modulated by SATB1?
Answer: Release of SATB1 from the control of Foxp3 in T(reg) cells caused loss of suppressive function, establishment of transcriptional T(eff) cell programs and induction of T(eff) cell cytokines.
Question: What is the name of the RNAi investigational drug being developed against hereditary amyloidosis?
Answer: Patisiran.
Question: What is the name of the RNAi investigational drug being developed against hereditary amyloidosis?
Answer: The investigational RNAi drug in development for the treatment of hereditary amyloidosis is patisiran.
Question: Which ploidy-agnostic method has been developed for estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data?
Answer: Telomerecat is a ploidy-agnostic method for estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data. Previous methods have been dependent on the number of telomeres present in a cell being known, which may be problematic when analysing aneuploid cancer data and non-human samples. Telomerecat is designed to be agnostic to the number of telomeres present, making it suited for the purpose of estimating telomere length in cancer studies. Telomerecat also accounts for interstitial telomeric reads and presents a novel approach to dealing with sequencing errors.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the development of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome?
Answer: Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the development of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome?
Answer: Nonsense mutations of the ZFHX1B gene in two Japanese girls with Mowat-Wilson syndromezfhz1b is the causative gene for Mowat-Wilson syndrome, in which patients demonstrate developmental delay and Hirschsprung disease, as well as other anomalies.
Question: Which gene is responsible for the development of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome?
Answer: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a multiple congenital anomaly-mental retardation complex caused by mutations in the Zinc Finger Homeobox 1 B gene (ZFHX1B, also known as ZEB2 or SIP-1).
Question: Which gene is responsible for the development of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome?
Answer: zfhz1b is the causative gene for Mowat-Wilson syndrome, in which patients demonstrate developmental delay and Hirschsprung disease, as well as other anomalies. Intrahepatic biliary anomalies in a patient with Mowat-Wilson syndrome uncover a role for the zinc finger homeobox gene zfhx1b in vertebrate biliary development
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: The LMNA gene is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and affects approximately 25% of the patients.
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: Mutations in the gene encoding lamin A/C (LMNA) cause dilated cardiomyopathy
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: lamin a/c gene (lmna)
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: The most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the lamin A/C gene. Mutations in this gene are responsible for the most common form of DCM and result in a recessive form of cardiac hypertrophy.  A compound heterozygous one amino-acid insertion/nonsense mutation in the plectin gene causes dilatedCardiac b-myosin heavy chain gene (LMNA) to be mutated in 25% of patients with DCM.
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) may cause familial dilated cardiomyopathy (dilated cardiomyopathy)
Question: Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?
Answer: The most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the LMO2-binding protein (LMNA) gene. Mutations in the LMNA gene underlie both adult-onset and juvenile forms of DCM and result in very severe cardiac dysfunction.