anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Is it possible for someone to have hiccups for more than a week?
Answer: In extraordinarily rare cases, hiccups can last for more than a month. These are known as âintractable hiccups.â Other terms to describe the same condition include âchronic hiccupsâ and âintractable singultusâ -- which is another way to say hiccups. The longest recorded case of intractable hiccups continued for 60 years. Intractable hiccups are very uncommon -- happening in about 1 in 100,000 people. You should see your doctor if you have hiccups that go on for longer than 48 hours. This could be a sign of a health problem.
Question: How long might I need to take medication for my intractable hiccups?
Answer: Medications used to treat intractable hiccups include: Baclofen ( Gablofen, Lioresal) a muscle relaxant Chlorpromazine a medicine used to treat psychiatric illnesses Haloperidol, a type of tranquilizer Metoclopramide ( Reglan), used to treat problems in the esophagus and GERD Anticonvulsant drugs such as phenytoin, valproic acid ( Depakene, Depakote, Depakote ® ER, Depakote ® Sprinkle), gabapentin ( Horizant, Neurontin), and carbamazepine ( Carbatrol, Epitol, Equetro, Tegretol) Sedatives Pain medication Stimulants Your doctor may prescribe one of these medications for several weeks, raising the dose until your hiccups decrease. The dose may be slowly reduced until you can stop taking the medicine. Talk to your doctor if the hiccups return after you stop taking the medication.
Question: What is the longest known case of hiccups?
Answer: The longest recorded case of intractable hiccups continued for 60 years.
Question: What's causing my intractable hiccups?
Answer: Finding a cause for your intractable hiccups may be a long process. Intractable hiccups are not inherited, as most cases pop up in people without any family history. You'll have to talk to your doctor about your medical history and may have to go through blood tests, imaging, and other lab studies to find the cause. In rare cases, medication may not be effective in treating hiccups.
Question: What are the symptoms of arterial clots?
Answer: Symptoms You may not have any at first. As the clot grows or blocks more of your blood flow, you might notice any of the following: Cold arm or leg Fingers or hands that feel cool to the touch Muscle pain or spasm in the affected area Numbness or tingling in your arm or leg Weakness of the affected limb Loss of color in the affected limb These form in your veins.
Question: What can happen if deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is left untreated?
Answer: Left untreated, a DVT can turn into a pulmonary embolism. Call 911 if you have pain, swelling, or tenderness in your leg, and: You can't breathe. You have chest pain.
Question: What type of blood clot is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: This is also called a âvenous thrombosis.â It's a blood clot that forms in a major vein deep in your body. It usually happens in your lower leg, thigh, or pelvis. But it can also form in other parts of your body, like your arm, brain, intestines, liver, or kidney.
Question: What type of blood clot is pulmonary embolism?
Answer: It's a DVT that breaks off and travels up your leg to your lungs, where it gets stuck. It can be fatal.
Question: What is superficial venous thrombosis?
Answer: This is a blood clot that forms in a vein close to the surface of the skin. They don't normally break loose and travel through the bloodstream.
Question: What are the symptoms of superficial venous thrombosis?
Answer: Symptoms If your vein is near your skin's surface (superficial venous thrombosis), these may include: Painful, swollen, inflamed skin over the affected vein A vein that feels hard or painfully tender to the touch Red skin over the affected vein If you have a DVT, you may notice the following: The affected leg is swollen (sometimes both legs swell).
Question: What are arterial clots?
Answer: These form in your arteries -- the blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart. Arterial clots block blood and oxygen from reaching your vital organs. They can lead to tissue damage. Often, they occur in your legs and feet. Sometimes, they happen in your brain, where they can lead to stroke. Or, they may form in your heart, where they can cause a heart attack. Arterial clots can also take root in your kidneys, intestines, or eyes, though this is rare.
Question: Why are blood clots important?
Answer: Most of the time, your body breaks down the clot after your wound has healed. But sometimes, they don't dissolve on their own. Other times, clots form inside your blood vessels for no reason. When this happens, it can lead to serious health problems. There are two main types of clots: Thrombus: Blood clots can be stationary. That means they don't move. Embolus : Blood clots can also break loose. Doctors call these embolisms. They're dangerous because they can travel to other parts of the body Clots are also classified by where they form. This type of blood clot is a medical emergency. Call 911 if you have pain, swelling, or tenderness in your leg, and: You can't breathe.
Question: How can men prevent genital itching?
Answer: Males should take the following steps to help avoid genital itching: Wash the penis well, including the area under the foreskin in uncircumcised men. Keep the area dry, since moisture in the genital area can lead to infections. Cornstarch powders during the summer may be helpful. Both males and females should take the following steps to help avoid genital itching: Wear loose, natural-fiber underwear and clothing. Change underwear at least every 24 hours. Keep the genital area clean and dry. Use mild soap and rinse well. Use mild, unscented laundry detergents to wash your underwear. Dry off thoroughly after bathing and swimming. Avoid staying in wet clothing for long periods of time. Avoid unprotected sex, especially if you are worried that you or your partner might have an infection.
Question: Does acupuncture help with breast cancer treatment side effects?
Answer: A small study shows that acupuncture may help relieve hot flashes caused by some breast cancer treatments. Yoga, massage, and meditation have also been shown to decrease these hot flashes. Other benefits of acupuncture may include less vomiting, pain, and fatigue.
Question: Is reiki good for relaxation if you have breast cancer?
Answer: Another form of energy medicine that is sometimes used in the treatment of breast cancer is reiki, a practice that comes from Japan. Practitioners pass their hands over a person's body to manipulate bioenergy. Most women who try reiki report feelings of relaxation and reduced pain, but no research has yet proved its benefits or shown how it works.
Question: What questions do I need to ask my doctor before doing complementary treatment for breast cancer?
Answer: Ask your doctor these basic questions: What are the proven benefits of this complementary treatment? What are the "anecdotal" benefits reported by patients but not officially studied, such as less stress or better sleep? What are the risks, if any? Can this form of complementary treatment interfere with my standard breast cancer care?
Question: Can you do yoga if you have breast cancer?
Answer: Complementary treatments can also help you feel empowered. Tai chi and qigong are both from China and are based on manipulating energy through gentle movement, a focus on breathing, and meditation. Women with breast cancer -- especially after surgery -- should look for a gentle style of yoga. Precautions: More athletic styles of yoga, such as power yoga, work the upper body. Depending on the type of treatment, these may not be good for some women. If you've had lymph nodes removed under one arm, there may be a risk of lymphedema. Ask your doctor these basic questions: What are the proven benefits of this complementary treatment?
Question: Do herbs, supplements, and botanicals help treat breast cancer?
Answer: That's because there is a risk of swelling and excess fluid, a condition called lymphedema. Precautions: Talk with your doctor before taking any vitamin, mineral, or herbal supplements, especially in high doses. This includes garlic capsules, ginseng, ginkgo, soy, and valerian. Some of these supplements can affect cancer treatment. For example, St. John's wort, which is used for depression, can block certain cancer drugs. High doses of vitamin C, an antioxidant, can change the way chemotherapy and radiation affect your body.
Question: How might meditation, journaling, music therapy, and support groups help a woman with breast cancer?
Answer: Many CAM therapies are based on the idea that a natural, vital "bioenergy" exists. Meditation, journaling, music or art therapy, guided imagery, and joining a breast cancer support group all help you relax. They make you feel less alone and help create a positive mental and physical state. Many women also use healing prayers and affirmations -- perhaps the most popular form of mind-body medicine.
Question: Is it OK to smoke before surgery for living-donor liver transplant?
Answer: Stop smoking. Quitting tobacco 1-2 months before surgery can help cut the chance of complications. Quitting smoking even right before surgery can increase the amount of oxygen in your body. After 24 hours without smoking, nicotine and carbon monoxide are already gradually broken down in the blood. Your lungs start to work better after about 2 smoke-free months.
Question: How is an ultrasound used inside the body?
Answer: Sometimes, however, doctors and technicians can get a better diagnostic image by inserting a special transducer into one of the body's natural openings: In a transvaginal ultrasound, a transducer wand is placed in a woman's vagina to get better images of her uterus and ovaries. A transrectal ultrasound is sometimes used in the diagnosis of prostate conditions. A transesophageal echocardiogram uses the transducer probe in the esophagus so that the sonographer can obtain clearer images of the heart.
Question: What are the therapeutic applications of ultrasound?
Answer: Therapeutic applications.
Question: How is ultrasound used for diagnostics?
Answer: Doctors employ ultrasound imaging in diagnosing a wide variety of conditions affecting the organs and soft tissues of the body, including the heart and blood vessels, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, bladder, uterus, ovaries, eyes, thyroid, and testicles. Ultrasounds do have some diagnostic limitations, however; sound waves do not transmit well through dense bone or parts of the body that may hold air or gas, such as the bowel.
Question: What imaging tests can be done with an ultrasound?
Answer: Additionally, ultrasound technology has advanced to allow for different types of imaging: Doppler is a special type of ultrasound that creates images of blood flow through vessels. Bone sonography helps doctors diagnose osteoporosis. Echocardiograms are used to view the heart.
Question: How is ultrasound used during medical procedures?
Answer: Ultrasound imaging can help doctors during procedures such as needle biopsies, which require the doctor to remove tissue from a very precise area inside the body for testing in a lab.
Question: What are the advantages of ultrasound?
Answer: Ultrasounds offer many advantages: They are generally painless and do not require needles, injections, or incisions. Patients aren't exposed to ionizing radiation, making the procedure safer than diagnostic techniques such as X-rays and CT scans. In fact, there are no known harmful effects when used as directed by your health care provider. Ultrasound captures images of soft tissues that don't show up well on X-rays. Ultrasounds are widely accessible and less expensive than other methods.
Question: How does ultrasound imaging work?
Answer: Ultrasound, also called sonography, uses sound waves to develop ultrasound images of what's going on inside the body. An instrument called a transducer emits high-frequency sound, inaudible to human ears, and then records the echoes as the sound waves bounce back to determine the size, shape, and consistency of soft tissues and organs. This technology can help diagnose and treat certain conditions. Depending on the type of ultrasound test you are having, your doctor may offer special instructions, such as not eating or drinking anything for a number of hours before the test. Often a technician will discuss what he or she is seeing during the test, but in some instances, you may need to wait to discuss the findings with your doctor.
Question: What therapy is used for psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: These include: Cyclosporine, to slow down your overactive immune system Low-dose retinoids like acitretin ( Soriatane), to reduce cell multiplication Methotrexate, which slows an enzyme that causes the rapid growth of skin cells in psoriasis Doctors often combine retinoids with light therapy for hands and feet psoriasis. You might have UVB or psoralen- UVA ( PUVA) phototherapy or targeted phototherapy (laser treatment). PUVA involves taking the drug psoralen, either by mouth or applied like paint, along with the light therapy.
Question: How does hydrocolloid occlusion treat psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: Your doctor might have you use a corticosteroid under a type of dressing called hydrocolloid occlusion. This filmy layer bonds to the cream, helps keep skin moist, and can be worn for several days.
Question: When is a biologic used to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: Psoriasis is an immune system condition, so if skin treatments don't work, your doctor may recommend drugs that affect the disease at a cellular level.
Question: What are examples of biologics used to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: Examples include: Adalimumab ( Humira) Brodalumab ( Siliq) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Guselkumab ( Tremfya) Infliximab ( Remicade) Ixekizumab ( Taltz) Secukinumab ( Cosentyx) Ustekinumab ( Stelara) Some people -- mostly adults who smoke -- get pustular psoriasis on their palms and soles.
Question: What is pustular psoriasis and how can it affect your hands and feet?
Answer: Examples include: Adalimumab ( Humira) Brodalumab ( Siliq) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Guselkumab ( Tremfya) Infliximab ( Remicade) Ixekizumab ( Taltz) Secukinumab ( Cosentyx) Ustekinumab ( Stelara) Some people -- mostly adults who smoke -- get pustular psoriasis on their palms and soles. Known as palmoplantar pustulosis ( PPP), it can erupt over months or years. It may also cause painful cracks, redness, and scales. It can be more stubborn to treat than other types of hand and foot psoriasis, but the same methods are used.
Question: What is involved in cosmetic repair for nail psoriasis?
Answer: This can involve: Nail scraping and filing Nail polish Artificial nails Surgical removal To help prevent problems, trim your nails as short as possible, and wear gloves when you work with your hands.
Question: What is used to treat nail psoriasis?
Answer: It could cause: Shallow or deep holes Shape changes Thickening Separation of the nail from the nail bed, with debris under the nail Discoloration Corticosteroid creams or ointments and light therapy are also used to treat nail psoriasis. If these don't get the job done, your doctor might suggest corticosteroid injections into your nail beds. Nail psoriasis can cause fungal infections -- your doctor will prescribe anti-fungal agents.
Question: What may be recommended to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: Hands and feet psoriasis ( HFP) can also cause your skin to: Crack or split Thicken Redden Scale Swell Blister or have pimple-like spots (pustules) Here are some common ways to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet and relieve your symptoms. In addition to moisturizers, mild soaps, and soap substitutes, your doctor may recommend: Coal tar products, like creams, gels, or ointments, to slow skin growth and ease itchy, inflamed, or scaly skin Salicylic acid, a peeling agent that softens or reduces thick scales Corticosteroids, often creams and ointments Combinations of these often work better than one treatment alone. Sometimes doctors suggest alternating or using topical corticosteroids with a type of vitamin D called calcipotriene. This medicine should not be used on the face, so be sure to wear gloves when applying to your hands and feet in order to avoid getting it on your face later.
Question: What happens if you have hands and feet psoriasis?
Answer: Hands and feet psoriasis ( HFP) can also cause your skin to: Crack or split Thicken Redden Scale Swell Blister or have pimple-like spots (pustules) Here are some common ways to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet and relieve your symptoms.
Question: What medications can stop the progress of psoriasis on the hands and feet?
Answer: Psoriasis is an immune system condition, so if skin treatments don't work, your doctor may recommend drugs that affect the disease at a cellular level. These include: Cyclosporine, to slow down your overactive immune system Low-dose retinoids like acitretin ( Soriatane), to reduce cell multiplication Methotrexate, which slows an enzyme that causes the rapid growth of skin cells in psoriasis Doctors often combine retinoids with light therapy for hands and feet psoriasis.
Question: How does psoriasis on the hands and feet affect you?
Answer: But it can also appear on the tops of your feet, backs of your hands, and on knuckles and nails. Your hands and feet make up only 4% of your body's total surface area. But psoriasis here can still have a big effect on your quality of life. You might have pain, or you may just want to cover up the scales. If it affects your work, that could lead to a financial burden as well.
Question: How can you prevent nail psoriasis?
Answer: This can involve: Nail scraping and filing Nail polish Artificial nails Surgical removal To help prevent problems, trim your nails as short as possible, and wear gloves when you work with your hands.
Question: What should I do if I have a psoriasis flare-up on my hands or feet?
Answer: He'll work with you until you find something that helps. Psoriasis on these areas is most likely to show up on the palms and soles. This is called palmar-plantar psoriasis. But it can also appear on the tops of your feet, backs of your hands, and on knuckles and nails. Hands and feet psoriasis ( HFP) can also cause your skin to: Crack or split Thicken Redden Scale Swell Blister or have pimple-like spots (pustules) Here are some common ways to treat psoriasis on the hands and feet and relieve your symptoms.
Question: What non-drug interventions can help adults with ADHD?
Answer: Adult ADHD may be treated with one or more of the following: Individual cognitive and behavioral therapy to change negative thought patterns and enhance self-esteem Relaxation training and stress management to reduce anxiety and stress Behavioral coaching to teach strategies for organizing home and work activities Job coaching or mentoring to support better working relationships and improve on-the-job performance Family education and therapy
Question: What are non-drug interventions for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Answer: Non-drug interventions for ADHD include making adjustments in the environment to promote more successful social interactions. Such adjustments include creating more structure and encouraging routines.
Question: What are treatments for adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Answer: Adult ADHD may be treated with one or more of the following: Individual cognitive and behavioral therapy to change negative thought patterns and enhance self-esteem Relaxation training and stress management to reduce anxiety and stress Behavioral coaching to teach strategies for organizing home and work activities Job coaching or mentoring to support better working relationships and improve on-the-job performance Family education and therapy
Question: Are there non-drug interventions for ADHD?
Answer: Such adjustments include creating more structure and encouraging routines. Children with ADHD may need help in organizing their lives. Therefore, some simple interventions to try for childhood ADHD include: Create a schedule.
Question: How can you create routines for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Answer: Children with ADHD may need help in organizing their lives. Therefore, some simple interventions to try for childhood ADHD include: Create a schedule. Make sure your child has the same routine every day. The schedule should include homework time and playtime. Post this schedule in a prominent place in the home. Help your child organize everyday items. Work with your child to have a place for everything. This includes clothing, backpacks, and school supplies. Note that children with ADHD need consistent rules that they can easily follow. When your child follows rules, he or she should be rewarded.
Question: How can carbidopa help with treating Parkinson's disease?
Answer: To curb nausea and other possible side effects from levodopa, doctors usually suggest you take a drug called carbidopa along with it. A combination drug with both medicines is called Sinemet. Rarely, some people can't handle carbidopa and need to take levodopa alone. If that's the case for you, it's important not to take it at the same time as food or vitamins that have vitamin B6, which can affect how well your medicine works.
Question: What are side effects of anticholinergic drugs for Parkinson's disease?
Answer: If you take these drugs when you're older, you're more likely to get side effect such as: Dizziness Confusion Dry mouth Blurry vision Nausea Trouble peeing or having bowel movements Some people with Parkinson's have surgery called deep brain stimulation ( DBS).
Question: How can monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors help with treating Parkinson's disease?
Answer: They also block the action of an enzyme that breaks down dopamine. You can take them alone early in Parkinson's disease or with other drugs as your disease moves to a later stage. MAO- B inhibitors include selegiline ( Eldepryl) and rasagaline ( Azilect). You usually take them alone because you can get side effects when you combine them with other drugs.
Question: What should you eat to help you manage acute myeloid leukemia?
Answer: Get it from sources like fish, poultry, eggs, beans, peas, soy, and lean red meat. Carbohydrates for energy. Complex carbohydrates -- such as whole grains, vegetables, and beans -- are the healthiest sources. â Goodâ fats to help you use energy and to carry certain vitamins around your body. Good sources include vegetable oil (olive, canola, safflower, sunflower) and avocadoes.
Question: Should you ask for a therapist or counselor if you have acute myeloid leukemia?
Answer: If your cancer and its treatment feel overwhelming, get help. Ask your doctor to recommend a therapist or counselor who can talk you through the issues you're having.
Question: How can staying active help you manage acute myeloid leukemia?
Answer: But staying as active as possible will give you more energy and fight fatigue. Ask your doctor how to exercise safely with AML. A physical therapist can help you design a fitness program that matches your strength and energy levels. Start slowly. At first, you might only be able to walk for a few minutes at a time. Gradually increase the length and intensity of your workouts once you feel ready. Your goal is to do 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise on most days of the week.
Question: How can you manage stress if you have acute myeloid leukemia?
Answer: Read a book, take a warm bath, plant flowers in your garden, or watch a funny movie. Socialize. Go out for dinner or to a movie with friends. Get plenty of rest. Do something creative to express your emotions. Paint or write in a journal. Try a relaxation technique such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing.
Question: What are some side effects of acute myeloid leukemia treatments?
Answer: Even if you eat a well-rounded diet, it can be harder to get the nutrients you need because of treatment side effects like these: Loss of appetite Nausea Changes in tastes Mouth sores Diarrhea or constipation If you can't eat large amounts of food at once, have a few small meals during the day instead of three big ones.