anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How long does constipation last?
Answer: Being constipated means your bowel movements are tough or happen less often than normal. Some people have them three times a day. Others have them just a few times a week. Going longer than 3 or more days without one, though, is usually too long. After 3 days, your poop gets harder and more difficult to pass.
Question: What should I do if I am constipated?
Answer: You may have: Few bowel movements Trouble having a bowel movement (straining to go) Hard or small stools A sense that everything didn't come out Belly bloating You also may feel like you need help to empty your bowels, such as pressing on your belly or using a finger to remove stool from your bottom. Some causes of constipation include: Changes to what you eat or your activities Not enough water or fiber in your diet Eating a lot of dairy products Not being active Resisting the urge to poop Stress Overuse of laxatives Some medications (especially strong pain drugs such as narcotics, antidepressants, and iron pills) Antacid medicines that have calcium or aluminum Eating disorders Irritable bowel syndrome Pregnancy Problems with the nerves and muscles in your digestive system Colon cancer Neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis Underactive thyroid (called hypothyroidism) Take these steps: Drink two to four extra glasses of water a day, unless your doctor told you to limit fluids for another reason. Try warm liquids, especially in the morning. Add fruits and vegetables to your diet. Eat prunes and bran cereal. Your constipation has lasted more than 2 weeks.
Question: What is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)?
Answer: This mostly affects elderly people. As glucose builds up in your blood, your body tries to get rid of it through your urine. At first, you pee a lot. Over time, you pee less, but when you do, it's very dark. This condition can lead to dehydration, coma, and death.
Question: What does having high blood sugar feel like?
Answer: The symptoms can include: Feeling thirstier than usual Blurred vision Having to pee more often Feeling hungrier than normal Numb or tingling feet You might also feel more tired than usual, get infections on your skin, or notice that cuts and sores take a long time to heal. Tell your doctor if you have any of these symptoms.
Question: How do I know if I have high blood sugar?
Answer: The symptoms can include: Feeling thirstier than usual Blurred vision Having to pee more often Feeling hungrier than normal Numb or tingling feet You might also feel more tired than usual, get infections on your skin, or notice that cuts and sores take a long time to heal. Tell your doctor if you have any of these symptoms.
Question: What are the symptoms of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome?
Answer: As glucose builds up in your blood, your body tries to get rid of it through your urine. At first, you pee a lot. Over time, you pee less, but when you do, it's very dark. This condition can lead to dehydration, coma, and death.
Question: What are complications of high blood sugar?
Answer: High glucose levels can affect you from head to toe. If they're out of control for a long time, you could have some or all of the following: Heart disease or heart attack Stroke Kidney damage Nerve damage Eye damage Skin problems Pick up the phone if your blood sugar is high and you have any of these symptoms: Trouble breathing Vomiting High levels of ketones in your urine Extreme thirst or a very dry mouth Having to pee too often Dry or flushed skin Breath that smells like fruit Confusion These are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA).
Question: How can I prevent hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome?
Answer: Get medical help right away if you have any of these warning signs: Blood sugar level over 600 mg/d L Extreme thirst that may later go away Warm, dry skin that doesn't sweat Fever over 101 F Sleepiness or confusion Weakness on one side of your body Vision loss Hallucinations You can avoid many of these problems by keeping your blood sugar under control. Follow your doctor's advice about diet and exercise, take your medicine, keep up with your doctor visits, and check your levels often.
Question: How can I get diabetic ketoacidosis if I have high blood sugar?
Answer: When these build up, your blood becomes more acid-like. This can be life-threatening if it's not treated. This mostly affects elderly people. As glucose builds up in your blood, your body tries to get rid of it through your urine.
Question: When should I call my doctor if my blood sugar is high?
Answer: If they're out of control for a long time, you could have some or all of the following: Heart disease or heart attack Stroke Kidney damage Nerve damage Eye damage Skin problems Pick up the phone if your blood sugar is high and you have any of these symptoms: Trouble breathing Vomiting High levels of ketones in your urine Extreme thirst or a very dry mouth Having to pee too often Dry or flushed skin Breath that smells like fruit Confusion These are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA).
Question: What are the warning signs of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome?
Answer: Get medical help right away if you have any of these warning signs: Blood sugar level over 600 mg/d L Extreme thirst that may later go away Warm, dry skin that doesn't sweat Fever over 101 F Sleepiness or confusion Weakness on one side of your body Vision loss Hallucinations You can avoid many of these problems by keeping your blood sugar under control.
Question: When should I get help if I have high blood sugar?
Answer: Get medical help right away if you have any of these warning signs: Blood sugar level over 600 mg/d L Extreme thirst that may later go away Warm, dry skin that doesn't sweat Fever over 101 F Sleepiness or confusion Weakness on one side of your body Vision loss Hallucinations You can avoid many of these problems by keeping your blood sugar under control.
Question: What can happen if my blood sugar stays high for too long?
Answer: If you have diabetes, you'll need to check your blood sugar, also called glucose, to know if it's too high, too low, or meets your goal. If they're out of control for a long time, you could have some or all of the following: Heart disease or heart attack Stroke Kidney damage Nerve damage Eye damage Skin problems Pick up the phone if your blood sugar is high and you have any of these symptoms: Trouble breathing Vomiting High levels of ketones in your urine Extreme thirst or a very dry mouth Having to pee too often Dry or flushed skin Breath that smells like fruit Confusion These are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA).
Question: Do problems associated with high blood sugar happen suddenly?
Answer: If your blood sugar is too high for too long, it can cause serious health problems. As glucose builds up in your blood, your body tries to get rid of it through your urine.
Question: What if my diabetes screening test is positive?
Answer: If you have diabetes, you'll need to check your blood sugar, also called glucose, to know if it's too high, too low, or meets your goal. Follow your doctor's advice about diet and exercise, take your medicine, keep up with your doctor visits, and check your levels often.
Question: When should I call my doctor about having high blood sugar?
Answer: If they're out of control for a long time, you could have some or all of the following: Heart disease or heart attack Stroke Kidney damage Nerve damage Eye damage Skin problems Pick up the phone if your blood sugar is high and you have any of these symptoms: Trouble breathing Vomiting High levels of ketones in your urine Extreme thirst or a very dry mouth Having to pee too often Dry or flushed skin Breath that smells like fruit Confusion These are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA). This can be life-threatening if it's not treated.
Question: Why is it bad to have high blood sugar?
Answer: How high is too high? Your doctor will tell you what your target range should be and what to do if your levels aren't in that range. If you have diabetes, you'll need to check your blood sugar, also called glucose, to know if it's too high, too low, or meets your goal. This can be life-threatening if it's not treated.
Question: What type of foods can I get lutein and zeaxanthin from to help with my dry eyes?
Answer: You can get them by eating eggs, corn, and leafy greens like: Kale Broccoli Spinach Collards A supplement may help here, too.
Question: How can zinc help with my dry eyes?
Answer: You can get it by eating: Wheat cereal (wheat germ) Almonds Sunflower seeds Peanut butter Hazelnuts Sweet potato This is an important mineral that helps get vitamin A from your liver to your retina to make something called melanin. That's a pigment that protects your eyes. When you don't get enough zinc, your eyes are at a higher risk of infection. Your body doesn't make zinc naturally, so getting it through food is important.
Question: Is there a lutein and zeaxanthin supplement that I can take to help with my dry eyes?
Answer: You can get them by eating eggs, corn, and leafy greens like: Kale Broccoli Spinach Collards A supplement may help here, too. Still, talk to your doctor before you take one.
Question: I am a man and have dry eyes. How much vitamin C should I take a day?
Answer: Men need a little more -- around 90 milligrams a day.
Question: What is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids to help with my dry eyes?
Answer: Go for one of these oily varieties at least twice a week: Tuna (fresh, not canned) Mackerel Salmon Sardines Herring Anchovies You can also get omega-3 fatty acids from: Nuts and seeds (like flaxseed) Vegetable oil Soybeans Green, leafy vegetables You may also need to take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement.
Question: How can vitamin E help with my dry eyes?
Answer: The antioxidant power of this nutrient protects the cells in your eyes from damage. It also boosts your body's immune system.
Question: What vitamin can help with the irritation of my dry eyes?
Answer: Specifically, omega-3s help soothe inflammation in your eyelids or on the surface of your eye. They may also help your tears do their job better.
Question: Is there a omega-3 fatty acid supplement that I can take to help with my dry eyes?
Answer: Go for one of these oily varieties at least twice a week: Tuna (fresh, not canned) Mackerel Salmon Sardines Herring Anchovies You can also get omega-3 fatty acids from: Nuts and seeds (like flaxseed) Vegetable oil Soybeans Green, leafy vegetables You may also need to take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement. Talk to your doctor about it before you try one.
Question: What foods can I get a zinc boost from to help with my dry eyes?
Answer: You can get a zinc boost from foods like: Oysters Beef Lobster Pork Yogurt Salmon Milk Fortified cereals Eggs
Question: What are two antioxidants that can help maintain healthy eyes?
Answer: These two antioxidants cut your odds of having many chronic eye diseases. Among other things, they help keep the cells in your eye healthy and working well.
Question: I am a woman and have dry eyes. How much vitamin C should I take a day?
Answer: Best sources of vitamin C include: Orange juice Grapefruit juice Oranges Cooked spinach Tomatoes Bananas Apples Women should aim for a minimum of 75 milligrams a day, which is about a cup of orange juice.
Question: How are skin and arthritis conditions associated with hepatitis C?
Answer: Skin and Arthritis Conditions and Hepatitis C Two skin conditions, lichen planus and porphyria cutanea tarda, have been associated with chronic hepatitis C virus. Porphyria cutanea tarda may resolve with successful interferon therapy for the hepatitis C virus. There have been cases, however, where lichen planus actually worsened during interferon treatment. In addition, many hepatitis C virus patients have autoimmune antibodies, such as anti-nuclear antibody, anti-smooth muscle antibodies, and rheumatoid factor. But true rheumatoid arthritis is uncommon in people with hepatitis C virus.
Question: How is cryoglobulinemia relative to hepatitis C diagnosed?
Answer: In this test, the cryoglobulins are identified when the blood sample is exposed to the cold (cryo means cold). In addition, a finding of typical inflammation of small blood vessels in certain tissue biopsies (for example, the skin or kidney) supports the diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia. Symptoms of cryoglobulinemia often resolve with successful treatment of the hepatitis C virus infection. B-cell non- Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hepatitis C B-cell non- Hodgkin's lymphoma, a cancer of the lymph tissue, has also been associated with chronic hepatitis C virus. The cause is thought to be the excessive stimulation by the hepatitis C virus of B-lymphocytes, which results in the abnormal reproduction of the lymphocytes.
Question: How is B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with hepatitis C?
Answer: B-cell non- Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hepatitis C B-cell non- Hodgkin's lymphoma, a cancer of the lymph tissue, has also been associated with chronic hepatitis C virus. The cause is thought to be the excessive stimulation by the hepatitis C virus of B-lymphocytes, which results in the abnormal reproduction of the lymphocytes. Interestingly, treatment with interferon therapy and some newer direct-acting antiviral treatments have caused some cases of hepatitis C virus-associated low-grade (not very active) non- Hodgkin's lymphoma to go into remission. However, most individuals with hepatitis C virus-associated high-grade non- Hodgkin's lymphoma will require the usual anti-cancer therapies.
Question: What are common autonomic symptoms of temporal lobe seizure?
Answer: Motor or movement disturbances (called automatisms) may include the following: Rhythmic muscle contractions on one side of the body or face Abnormal mouth behaviors (lip smacking, chewing for no reason, slobbering) Abnormal head movements (forced turning of the head or eyes) Repetitive movements (such as picking at clothing) Other sensory symptoms may include the following sensations that start in one area and spread: Numbness Tingling A feeling that the flesh is crawling Autonomic symptoms may include the following: Abdominal pain or nausea Sweating, flushing, dilated pupils, or rapid heartbeat Depending on whether the person remains conscious, he or she may not remember having had a seizure at all.
Question: What are the motor or movement disorders caused by temporal lobe seizure?
Answer: Motor or movement disturbances (called automatisms) may include the following: Rhythmic muscle contractions on one side of the body or face Abnormal mouth behaviors (lip smacking, chewing for no reason, slobbering) Abnormal head movements (forced turning of the head or eyes) Repetitive movements (such as picking at clothing) Other sensory symptoms may include the following sensations that start in one area and spread: Numbness Tingling A feeling that the flesh is crawling Autonomic symptoms may include the following: Abdominal pain or nausea Sweating, flushing, dilated pupils, or rapid heartbeat Depending on whether the person remains conscious, he or she may not remember having had a seizure at all.
Question: How do foods fight cancer?
Answer: People who eat more fruits and veggies tend to get less cancer. That may be because those foods are high in antioxidants -- chemicals that fight the cell damage that leads to cancer. You can find antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, and other plant-based foods, as well as in supplements. But research suggests that getting them from food works better than getting them from pills. Some supplements may raise your risk of getting cancer.
Question: What can you eat to prevent ovarian cancer?
Answer: Ovarian cancer: Soybeans or foods made with soy (like tofu) could lower your odds of getting ovarian cancer. Tea, especially green tea, may also keep it at bay. But not all research supports these findings.
Question: What can you eat to prevent pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Pancreatic cancer: Belly fat is linked to a higher risk of this type, especially for women. A diet high in red and processed meat could also play a role. Limit these foods, and slim down if you're overweight.
Question: What can you eat to prevent colorectal cancer?
Answer: Colorectal cancer: If you have a spare tire, you're more likely to get this cancer. Do you eat lots of red or processed meat? That can also play a role. So can chemicals called nitrates, which are often added to lunch meat, ham, hot dogs, and bacon. You should also cut back on meats that are fried, broiled, or grilled over an open flame. When animal products cook at high temperatures, they form chemicals that cause cancer. Make sure any meat you eat doesn't burn, and skip the blackened or charred parts. To lower your risk, eat foods with fiber, especially whole grains. Calcium and vitamin D may also protect you.
Question: What can you eat to prevent uterine cancer?
Answer: Uterine cancer: Extra belly fat can make you more likely to get this type. It could be that overweight women make more estrogen, which often fuels cancer growth. Stick to a diet and exercise plan that helps you lose extra belly fat and keep it away.
Question: What can you eat to prevent lung cancer?
Answer: Lung cancer: Smoking is the biggest risk factor here. But many studies show that people who eat at least five servings of fruit and vegetables a day are less likely to get it than those who don't.
Question: What can you eat to prevent prostate cancer?
Answer: Prostate cancer: If you're a man, chowing down on tomatoes, soy, beans, and other legumes could lower your prostate cancer risk. Add cruciferous veggies -- broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage -- to the mix, too. Several studies have linked high levels of calcium, or large amounts of dairy foods, to higher odds of prostate cancer. Don't take calcium unless your doctor recommends it.
Question: What can you eat to prevent breast cancer?
Answer: Here's the list: Breast cancer: People who eat lots of veggies, fruit, poultry, fish, and low-fat dairy products have lower rates of this type of cancer.
Question: What can you eat to prevent digestive cancer?
Answer: Digestive cancers: Obesity often brings on acid reflux, which boosts your chances of cancer in the esophagus and stomach. A healthy weight can keep your risk low. Avoid beverages and foods that are hot enough to burn you. They can damage cells in your mouth, throat, and esophagus and may raise your chances of getting one of these cancers. Salty food has been linked to higher odds of stomach cancer. Processed meat could also make it more likely.
Question: What is the basic health rules that can help fight cancer?
Answer: Obesity is linked to several types of cancer, so it's smart to follow an eating plan that helps you keep your weight as low as you can without being underweight. Cancer experts say it's key to avoid high-calorie processed foods and sugary beverages like soda, sweet tea, and juice-flavored drinks. They have lots of calories but won't help you feel full. Alcohol is also tied to several types of cancer. All types -- beer, wine, and spirits -- seem to raise your chances. Drink in moderate amounts. That means no more than one drink a day for women, and no more than two for men.
Question: Can food help prevent cancer?
Answer: When you put the right kinds of foods -- and the right portions -- into your body, you fuel your cells with the nutrients they need to stay healthy. You'll also avoid unhealthy ingredients that could make you sick. Obesity is linked to several types of cancer, so it's smart to follow an eating plan that helps you keep your weight as low as you can without being underweight.
Question: How are lentigines treated?
Answer: There are several methods for treating lentigines: Cryosurgery (freezing it off) Laser surgery Skin creams such as retinoids and bleaching agents The best way to prevent lentigines is to stay out of the sun as much as possible, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher when outdoors, and wear protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat.
Question: How are moles treated?
Answer: If a dermatologist believes a mole needs to be evaluated further, he or she will do a biopsy by shaving or cutting out the entire spot so that it can be evaluated under the microscope. This is a simple procedure. ( If the dermatologist thinks the mole might be cancerous, cutting through the mole will not cause the cancer to spread.) If the mole is found to be cancerous, the dermatologist will cut out the entire mole or scar from the biopsy site by cutting out the entire area and a rim of normal skin around it, and stitching the wound closed.
Question: What are the ABCDEs of examining moles?
Answer: The following ABCDEs are important characteristics to consider when examining moles. If a mole displays any of the signs listed below, have it checked immediately by a dermatologist. It could be cancerous. Asymmetry. One half of the mole does not match the other half. Border. The border or edges of the mole are ragged, blurred, or irregular. Color. The color of the mole is not the same throughout or has shades of tan, brown, black, blue, white, or red. Diameter. The diameter of a mole is larger than the eraser of a pencil. Evolution. The mole is changing in size, shape, or color.
Question: What causes a mole?
Answer: These cells are called melanocytes, and they make the pigment that gives skin its natural color. Moles may darken after exposure to the sun, during the teen years, and during pregnancy. Congenital nevi are moles that are present at birth. Congenital nevi occur in about one in 100 people.
Question: What is dysplastic nevi mole?
Answer: Dysplastic nevi are moles that are generally larger than average (larger than a pencil eraser) and irregular in shape. They tend to have uneven color with dark brown centers and lighter, uneven edges. These nevi are somewhat more likely to become melanoma. In fact, people who have 10 or more dysplastic nevi have a 12 times higher chance of developing melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Any changes in a mole should be checked by a dermatologist to evaluate for skin cancer.
Question: What are lentigines?
Answer: A lentigo (plural: lentigines) is a spot on the skin that is darker (usually brown) than the surrounding skin. Lentigines are more common among whites, especially those with fair skin.
Question: What is a congenital nevi mole?
Answer: Congenital nevi are moles that are present at birth. Congenital nevi occur in about one in 100 people. These moles are slightly more likely to develop into melanoma (cancer) than are moles that appear after birth. A mole or freckle should be checked if it has a diameter of more than a pencil eraser or any characteristics of the ABCDEs of melanoma (see below).
Question: Can lentigines be prevented?
Answer: There are several methods for treating lentigines: Cryosurgery (freezing it off) Laser surgery Skin creams such as retinoids and bleaching agents The best way to prevent lentigines is to stay out of the sun as much as possible, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher when outdoors, and wear protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Avoid using tanning beds.
Question: What are skin tags?
Answer: Skin tags are not dangerous. They are usually found on the neck, chest, back, armpits, under the breasts, or in the groin area. Skin tags appear most often in women, especially with weight gain, and in elderly people. Skin tags usually don't cause any pain. However, they can become irritated if anything, such as clothing, jewelry, or skin rubs against them. Your dermatologist can remove a skin tag by cutting it off with a scalpel or scissors, with cryosurgery (freezing it off), or with electrosurgery (burning it off with an electric current).
Question: What are common skin lesions?
Answer: Freckles are extremely common and are not a health threat. They are more often seen in the summer, especially among lighter-skinned people and people with light or red hair. Causes of freckles include genetics and exposure to the sun.