anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: When should you see a doctor about infertility?
Answer: They can include: Changes in hair growth Changes in sexual desire Pain, lump, or swelling in the testicles Problems with erections and ejaculation Small, firm testicles If you are under 35 and have been trying to get pregnant without success for a year, see your doctor. Women 35 and older should see their doctor after six months of trying.
Question: How is infertility diagnosed?
Answer: Blood, urine, and imaging tests can be done to discover why you are having trouble getting pregnant. A sperm analysis can be done to check a man's sperm count and the overall health of the sperm. Your doctor may refer you to a reproductive endocrinologist. That's a doctor who specializes in infertility. You will be asked questions about your infertility symptoms and medical history.
Question: What are other symptoms of infertility?
Answer: In this case, symptoms can also include: Skin changes, including more acne Changes in sex drive and desire Dark hair growth on the lips, chest, and chin Loss of hair or thinning hair Weight gain Other symptoms of disorders that may lead to infertility include: Milky white discharge from nipples unrelated to breastfeeding Pain during sex Many other things can be related to infertility in women, and their symptoms vary.
Question: What are the symptoms of infertility in women?
Answer: Bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. Irregular periods. The number of days in between each period varies each month. No periods. You have never had a period, or periods suddenly stop. Painful periods. Back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping may happen. Sometimes, female infertility is related to a hormone problem. In this case, symptoms can also include: Skin changes, including more acne Changes in sex drive and desire Dark hair growth on the lips, chest, and chin Loss of hair or thinning hair Weight gain Other symptoms of disorders that may lead to infertility include: Milky white discharge from nipples unrelated to breastfeeding Pain during sex Many other things can be related to infertility in women, and their symptoms vary.
Question: What are symptoms of infertility due to a hormone problem in women?
Answer: Sometimes no cause is found. In this case, symptoms can also include: Skin changes, including more acne Changes in sex drive and desire Dark hair growth on the lips, chest, and chin Loss of hair or thinning hair Weight gain Other symptoms of disorders that may lead to infertility include: Milky white discharge from nipples unrelated to breastfeeding Pain during sex Many other things can be related to infertility in women, and their symptoms vary.
Question: How long does head-up tilt table test take?
Answer: It usually takes an hour or two to complete. That may vary, depending on how your blood pressure and heart rate change and what symptoms you have during it. Before the test begins, a nurse will start an IV. This is so the doctors and nurses may give you medications and fluids during the procedure if necessary. You'll be awake during the test. They'll ask you to lie quietly and keep your legs still.
Question: What diseases can lead to osteoporosis in children?
Answer: Some of the diseases that can lead to osteoporosis in children include: anorexia nervosa Cushing's syndrome cystic fibrosis diabetes homocystinuria, a genetic metabolic disorder hyperparathyroidism hyperthyroidism juvenile arthritis kidney disease leukemia malabsorption syndrome osteogenesis imperfecta, sometimes called brittle bone disease Some osteoporosis in children is a direct result of disease itself.
Question: Can smoking raise your risk for weaker bones later in life?
Answer: You build about 90% of your bone mass by the time you're ages 18 to 20. Quitting smoking appears to lower this risk over time.
Question: Where can I receive occupational therapy for Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Many hospitals offer outpatient physical therapy services. However, you may need to get a doctor's order to be seen in physical therapy. If you feel you can benefit from physical therapy, do not hesitate to ask your doctor for a referral.
Question: How many physical therapy visits will I need for Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Treatments in physical therapy often can be completed in one to three office visits. The first appointment includes an evaluation and recommendations for exercises. The following appointments check your progress and review and expand your home program. Most hospitals can provide additional sessions of outpatient therapy if needed.
Question: What is occupational therapy for Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Occupational therapy can help people with Parkinson's disease stay active in daily life. By improving your skills, showing you different ways to complete tasks, or introducing you to handy equipment, an occupational therapist can help you perform everyday activities with greater ease and satisfaction. An occupational therapist may also recommend making changes to your home or workplace to promote your independence. For Parkinson's disease, occupational therapy generally provides assessment, treatment, and recommendations in the following areas: Arm and hand therapy Handwriting aids Home modification information Driver evaluation and vehicle modification information Cooking and homemaking adaptations Eating and dinnerware adaptations Ways to make the most of your energy Computer modifications Workplace or work equipment modifications Leisure skill development Manual or electric wheelchair use Bathtub and toilet equipment use Dressing and grooming aids Many hospitals offer outpatient occupational therapy services.
Question: How does physical therapy work in treating Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Physical therapy can help with: Balance problems Lack of coordination Fatigue Pain Gait Immobility Weakness Important note: Some physical therapists may apply diathermy (local heat application produced by high-frequency electrical current) to relieve muscle aches and pains. This could be dangerous to patients who have deep brain stimulators. Many hospitals offer outpatient physical therapy services. However, you may need to get a doctor's order to be seen in physical therapy.
Question: What are work capacity evaluations of physical therapy for Parkinson's disease?
Answer: Many physical therapists can perform functional capacity evaluations to provide more information for disability claims based on physical performance. This functional capacity evaluation can be useful when the Social Security office denies disability to a person who is unable to work for an eight-hour day.
Question: Is exercise a treatment for clinical depression?
Answer: Research has shown that exercise is an effective but often underused treatment for mild to moderate depression.
Question: How often should I exercise to ease depression?
Answer: ( For example: weight loss, strengthening muscles, improving flexibility, or mood enhancement) Try to exercise at least 20 to 30 minutes, three times a week. Studies indicate that exercising four or five times a week is even better. Take it easy if you are just beginning. Start exercising for 20 minutes. Then you can build up to 30 minutes.
Question: How can I decide what types of exercise to do if I have depression?
Answer: Before you begin an exercise program for depression, here are some questions you should consider: What physical activities do I enjoy? Do I prefer group or individual activities? What programs best fit my schedule? Do I have physical conditions that limit my choice of exercise? What goals do I have in mind? ( For example: weight loss, strengthening muscles, improving flexibility, or mood enhancement) Try to exercise at least 20 to 30 minutes, three times a week.
Question: Should I talk to my doctor before exercising if I have depression?
Answer: For most people, it is OK to start an exercise program without checking with a health care provider. However, if you have not exercised in a while, are over age 50, or have a medical condition such as diabetes or heart disease, contact your health care provider before starting an exercise program.
Question: What are the psychological benefits of exercise with depression?
Answer: When you exercise, your body releases chemicals called endorphins. These endorphins interact with the receptors in your brain that reduce your perception of pain. Endorphins also trigger a positive feeling in the body, similar to that of morphine. For example, the feeling that follows a run or workout is often described as "euphoric." That feeling, known as a "runner's high," can be accompanied by a positive and energizing outlook on life.
Question: What should I do if exercise is painful and I have depression?
Answer: It appears that any form of exercise can help depression. Never ignore pain. You may cause stress and damage to your joints and muscles if you continue exercising through pain. If you still feel pain a couple hours after exercising, you have probably overexerted yourself and need to decrease your activity level. If your pain persists or is severe, or if you suspect you have injured yourself, contact your doctor. If you are unable to regularly participate in exercise or athletics, you can also try other tools to help boost your mood. Studies of meditation and massage therapy have demonstrated that these techniques can stimulate endorphin secretion, increase relaxation, and aid in boosting mood.
Question: Can joining a group exercise be helpful with managing depression?
Answer: Research has shown that exercise is an effective but often underused treatment for mild to moderate depression. Some examples of moderate exercise include: Biking Dancing Gardening Golf (walking instead of using the cart) Housework, especially sweeping, mopping, or vacuuming Jogging at a moderate pace Low-impact aerobics Playing tennis Swimming Walking Yard work, especially mowing or raking Yoga Because strong social support is important for those with depression, joining a group exercise class may be beneficial. Do I prefer group or individual activities? If you need reminding, put it on your calendar.
Question: What tips can help me start exercising if I have depression?
Answer: When you first start your exercise program, you should plan a routine that is easy to follow and maintain. When you start feeling comfortable with your routine, then you can start varying your exercise times and activities. Here are some tips to help you get started: Choose an activity you enjoy. Put your exercise routine into your schedule. If you need reminding, put it on your calendar. Make sure you vary your exercises so that you don't get bored. Check your local gymnasium or community center for an assortment of exercise programs. Stick with it.
Question: Which conditions can be treated with glycine?
Answer: Leg ulcers, which can be caused by poor circulation, diabetes, kidney failure, and other health problems, have shown some improvement after treatment with a cream containing glycine and other amino acids.
Question: Where can I get glycine?
Answer: Glycine is also found in high-protein foods such as: Meat Fish Dairy products Legumes It's estimated that we get about 2 grams of glycine a day from food sources.
Question: Why do people take glycine supplements?
Answer: Glycine has numerous proposed uses. Few of those suggested uses have enough evidence to fully back glycine's effectiveness. Glycine has shown the most promise as a part of a treatment plan for schizophrenia. In several studies, glycine boosted the effectiveness of other schizophrenia drugs when taken at doses of .6 grams per kilogram of weight per day.
Question: What can I do to treat bronchitis?
Answer: Here are some things you can do to ease your symptoms: Drink a lot of water. Eight to 12 glasses a day help thin out your mucus and makes it easier to cough it up. Get plenty of rest. Take over-the-counter pain relievers with ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin), naproxen ( Aleve), or aspirin to help with pain, but avoid giving aspirin to children. You can use acetaminophen ( Tylenol) to help with pain and fever. Use a humidifier or try steam to loosen up the mucus; a hot shower can work well.
Question: What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
Answer: Call your doctor if your cough: Brings up mucus that thickens or darkens in color Keeps you awake at night Lasts more than 3 weeks You'll also want to call your doctor if you have a cough and: A foul-tasting fluid in our mouth (this could be reflux) Fever over 100.4 F Wheezing or shortness of breath Pneumonia symptoms can be mild or severe based on what causes it, your age, and your overall health. The most common symptoms are: Cough (you might bring up yellow, green, or even bloody mucus) Fever Shaking chills Shortness of breath (for some people, this happens only when they climb stairs) You may also have: Chest pain (you might get a stabbing or sharp pain that's worse when you cough or take a deep breath) Confusion (more common for adults 65 and older) Run-down feeling Headache Heavy sweating and clammy, damp skin Throwing up or feeling like you might Call your doctor if you have a cough that won't go away or you're coughing up pus.
Question: When should I call my doctor for pneumonia?
Answer: The most common symptoms are: Cough (you might bring up yellow, green, or even bloody mucus) Fever Shaking chills Shortness of breath (for some people, this happens only when they climb stairs) You may also have: Chest pain (you might get a stabbing or sharp pain that's worse when you cough or take a deep breath) Confusion (more common for adults 65 and older) Run-down feeling Headache Heavy sweating and clammy, damp skin Throwing up or feeling like you might Call your doctor if you have a cough that won't go away or you're coughing up pus. Other symptoms that could spur a call: Chest pain Fever that stays at 102 F or higher Shaking chills Shortness of breath as you go about your day Trouble breathing Unable to keep liquids down Most often, the same viruses that give you a cold or the flu also cause bronchitis.
Question: When should I call my doctor for bronchitis?
Answer: Call your doctor if your cough: Brings up mucus that thickens or darkens in color Keeps you awake at night Lasts more than 3 weeks You'll also want to call your doctor if you have a cough and: A foul-tasting fluid in our mouth (this could be reflux) Fever over 100.4 F Wheezing or shortness of breath Pneumonia symptoms can be mild or severe based on what causes it, your age, and your overall health.
Question: What causes pneumonia?
Answer: Pneumonia can be caused by: Bacteria Certain chemicals Fungi Mycoplasmas, which are like bacteria and give you milder symptoms (sometimes called âwalking pneumoniaâ) Viruses (the same ones that cause colds and the flu can also give you pneumonia) As your body fights off the germs, your lungs' air sacs swell and may fill with fluid or pus, much like your bronchial tubes swell and fill with mucus when you have bronchitis.
Question: How is pneumonia treated?
Answer: If it's caused by a virus, you may get an antiviral drug. And if it's really severe, you may need to go to the hospital, though that's not as common. To help ease your symptoms, you can do many of the same things as with bronchitis: Drink plenty of fluids Get as much rest as you can Take pain relievers for pain and fever And again, it's best to avoid cough medicines. In fact, there's actually very little proof that they can help with the cough you get from pneumonia. Pneumonia usually runs its course within a few weeks with treatment, but you may be tired for as long as a month.
Question: What are the different kinds of bronchitis?
Answer: There are two kinds: Acute bronchitis. In this article, we're looking at acute bronchitis. Pneumonia is another infection in your lungs, but instead of the bronchial tubes, you get it in tiny air sacs in your lungs called alveoli. Most of the time, acute bronchitis goes away on its own within a couple of weeks. If it's caused by bacteria, you'll get an antibiotic.
Question: How is depression relative to excessive sleepiness treated?
Answer: Treatment for Depression These are some of the most effective treatments for depression: Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT). This involves targeting thoughts that lead to depressive feelings and changing behaviors that make depression worse. Medications. These include antidepressants, and mood-stabilizing anticonvulsants or lithium for depression associated with bipolar disorder. Exercise and diet changes. This includes limiting caffeine and alcohol.
Question: What conditions can cause sleepiness?
Answer: Not getting enough sleep -- sometimes by choice -- is the most common cause of excessive sleepiness. Working at night and sleeping during the day is another. Other causes include drug, alcohol, or cigarette use, lack of physical activity, obesity, and the use of certain medications. But nodding off when you want or need to be awake may also be caused by an underlying condition. Depression or a sleep disorder -- such as restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea, or narcolepsy -- are common causes of problem sleepiness.
Question: What can you do to help with excessive sleepiness?
Answer: In addition to steps above, try these strategies for excessive sleepiness: Keep a consistent sleep schedule. Do relaxing things at bedtime. Use your bedroom only for sleep and sex.
Question: How does sleep apnea lead to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: Sleep apnea is becoming a more common cause of sleepiness in children and adults. Sleep apnea occurs when the upper airway collapses for at least 10 seconds during sleep -- and does so up to hundreds of times each night. Obstructive sleep apnea is the result of a blockage in the airway. Central sleep apnea occurs when the brain fails to send signals to the muscles that control breathing. Snoring and gasping for air as the airway reopens occur often with sleep apnea. But you may not be aware you have sleep apnea unless your bed partner tells you about the ruckus you're making. Because your breathing is interrupted, so is your sleep, leading to sleepiness during school, work, or other activities. You might mistake yourself as a âgood sleeperâ because you can sleep anytime, anywhere. But falling asleep in traffic or at work is obviously less than ideal. People with sleep apnea have many more auto accidents than people who don't have the condition.
Question: What other problems can sleep apnea cause relative to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: Sleep apnea can cause other problems, too: wide swings in heart rate as well as a decrease in oxygen levels. It is associated with and the possible cause of other medical conditions such as: High blood pressure Heart disease Diabetes Depression Elevated hemoglobin, or thickened blood Fatigue The most common treatments for sleep apnea include: Continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP).
Question: How is restless legs syndrome treated relative to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome Moving your legs lessens RLS symptoms. These steps may also be enough to relieve symptoms of RLS: Take iron or vitamin B12 or folate supplements if your doctor says your levels are low and recommends them. Talk to your doctor about whether a medication or herbal remedy that you're taking may be making symptoms worse. These could include medication that treats high blood pressure, nausea, colds, allergies, heart conditions, or depression. Stay away from alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine. Maintain a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and try relaxation techniques such as hot baths and massage.
Question: How can restless legs syndrome cause excessive sleepiness?
Answer: RLS may also cause jerky leg movements every 20 to 30 seconds throughout the night. Sometimes RLS can affect other parts of the body, too. RLS symptoms may occur or get worse while you're at rest or sleeping. Because the symptoms are usually worse at night, they can greatly interrupt your sleep and lead to sleepiness when you need to be awake. RLS can be so bad, it is mistaken for insomnia. Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome Moving your legs lessens RLS symptoms.
Question: When is sleepiness a problem?
Answer: Sleepiness is likely a problem for you if: You have trouble waking in the morning.
Question: What medications are useful for treating restless legs syndrome relative to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: If these steps are not enough, several types of medication are useful for treating the symptoms of restless legs syndrome or for inducing deep sleep. They include: Anti-seizure drugs such as carbamazepine ( Tegretol), gabapentin ( Neurontin), and valproate. Gabapentin enacarbil ( Horizant) is a newer drug that is used in restless legs syndrome treatment. It was not developed as a seizure medicine. Anti-parkinsonian drugs such as carbidopa/levodopa ( Sinemet), pergolide, pramipexole ( Mirapex), and ropinirole ( Requip XL) Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam ( Klonopin), diazepam ( Valium), lorazepam ( Ativan), and temazepam ( Restoril) Opiates such as codeine, methadone, and oxycodone for severe RLS Because these drugs have not been compared thoroughly in studies, the best approach is to start with one and see how it works. If it's ineffective, work with your doctor to find an alternative. In severe cases, a combination of drugs may work best.
Question: How is sleep apnea treated relative to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: It is associated with and the possible cause of other medical conditions such as: High blood pressure Heart disease Diabetes Depression Elevated hemoglobin, or thickened blood Fatigue The most common treatments for sleep apnea include: Continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP). In this treatment, a nasal device attached to a machine with a blower unit helps keep the airway open. CPAP is the most common treatment used for obstructive sleep apnea. Armodafinil ( Nuvigil) and modafinil ( Provigal). These stimulant medications can help relieve sleepiness in people who do not respond well enough to CPAP alone. Solriamfetol ( Sunosi) iths medication can be used to improve wakefulness in people who have excessive sleepiness due to sleep apnea. Oral appliance therapy. Devices move the tongue, lower jaw, or soft palate forward, which opens the airway. Weight loss. If you are obese, losing weight can decrease risk for sleep apnea by reducing fat deposits in the neck. It also reduces many of the other risks associated with sleep apnea, such as heart disease. Surgery. This may be an option if other treatments don't work. In addition to treatments for sleep apnea, it is important to manage other conditions, such as high blood pressure, that often exist along with it.
Question: What medications are used to treat narcolepsy relative to excessive sleepiness?
Answer: Treatment for Narcolepsy Your doctor may prescribe these medications: Stimulants such as armodafinil, modafinil, methylphenidate, or dextroamphetamine are most commonly used to help people stay awake. Antidepressants such as tricyclics or serotonin reuptake inhibitors can help with cataplexy, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Sodium oxybate ( Xyrem), a central nervous system depressant, helps control cataplexy, when a person suddenly feels weak or collapses. Solriamfetrol ( Sunosi), a dual-acting dopamine and norepinephromere uptake inhibitor helps patients stay awake longer.
Question: How does narcolepsy cause excessive sleepiness?
Answer: Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that causes disabling daytime sleepiness and other symptoms. Narcolepsy is related to the dreaming period of sleep called REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. With narcolepsy, though, REM periods can occur throughout the day. In addition to drowsiness that doesn't improve, narcolepsy may cause brief uncontrollable moments of sleep, or âsleep attacks,â without warning. Another daytime hallmark of narcolepsy is sudden loss of muscle control, or cataplexy. This can be a slight feeling of weakness or total body collapse. It can last from seconds up to a minute. Cataplexy is related to the muscle immobility, or âparalysis,â that is part of REM sleep. It is often triggered by emotions or fatigue.