anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are the effects of diabetes on pregnancy?
Answer: If you're thinking about having a baby, take steps to lessen the risks for both you and your child. If you regularly have high blood sugar levels while you're pregnant (and especially in the 24 hours before delivery), your baby may get dangerously low blood sugar right after they're born. Changing what and how you eat will help you avoid problems with your blood sugar levels.
Question: Does diabetes affect pregnancies?
Answer: If you're thinking about having a baby, take steps to lessen the risks for both you and your child. If you regularly have high blood sugar levels while you're pregnant (and especially in the 24 hours before delivery), your baby may get dangerously low blood sugar right after they're born. Changing what and how you eat will help you avoid problems with your blood sugar levels.
Question: How will your blood sugar change during labor and delivery if you have diabetes?
Answer: It may not be safe to use some drugs, or you may get better sugar control. Labor can be a stressful time for you and the baby. If you've been using insulin during your pregnancy, insulin needs will continue through labor. Right after delivery, your need for insulin will likely drop quickly.
Question: How are blood tests used to diagnose adenocarcinoma?
Answer: Your blood may show signs of possible cancer. For example, your doctor may check it to see if you have anemia from a bleeding tumor. Also, high levels of some enzymes or other things made by cancer cells might mean canceer is likely.
Question: How is adenocarcinoma diagnosed?
Answer: You could have symptoms like pain, diarrhea, bleeding, or fatigue, depending on your type of cancer. But early on, you may not feel that anything's wrong. Your doctor will give you a physical exam. He may feel your organs to see if there is any swelling or a growth. He may also notice something's not right when you have regular screening tests like a colonoscopy, when a doctor puts a tube into your colon to check for polyps.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the prostate?
Answer: This is a gland in men that's just below the bladder. It helps make some of the fluid that protects sperm cells. Adenocarcinoma starts in the cells that make this fluid. Most prostate cancers are this type.
Question: What can be affected by adenocarcinoma?
Answer: Adenocarcinoma can happen in many places, like your colon, breasts, esophagus, lungs, pancreas, or prostate.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the esophagus?
Answer: This is the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach. Adenocarcinoma usually starts in mucus glands that line the lower part of your esophagus.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the lungs?
Answer: Adenocarcinoma makes up about 40% of lung cancers. It's most often found in the outer part of the lungs and grows more slowly than other types of lung cancer. You usually get it if you're a smoker or used to be one.
Question: How are imaging tests used to diagnose adenocarcinoma?
Answer: They can help see if any of the tissues in your organs don't look normal. You may get a CT scan, which is a powerful X-ray that makes detailed pictures inside your body. Or you might need an MRI, which uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of organs and tissues. If you do have cancer and start treatment, imaging tests can also help your doctor learn how well your treatment is working.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the pancreas?
Answer: This is an organ in the back of your belly, behind your stomach. It makes hormones and enzymes that help digest food. About 85% of pancreatic cancers are caused by adenocarcinoma. These tumors start in the ducts of this organ.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the colon and rectum?
Answer: It's a long tube that helps remove water and nutrients from the food you eat. Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of colon cancer. It starts out as a small polyp, or growth, that's usually harmless at first but can turn into cancer. The disease can also start in your rectum, the part of your large intestine where the leftover waste from digested food, called stool, gets pushed out of your body.
Question: What are the side effects of adenocarcinoma treatment?
Answer: Your cancer treatment can have side effects. You might get very tired or feel like you need to throw up. Your doctor can suggest ways to manage these problems. He may prescribe drugs that fight nausea.
Question: How is a biopsy used to diagnose adenocarcinoma?
Answer: Your doctor takes a small sample of tissue from the organ where he thinks you may have cancer. For example, he may remove a polyp or growth from your colon, or use a small needle to remove tissue from your breast. A doctor called a pathologist will look at it under a microscope to see if there are cancer cells. A biopsy can also show if they are just in that one organ, have spread from another place in your body, or how much they've grown.
Question: How is surgery used to treat adenocarcinoma?
Answer: Your first treatment will probably be to remove the tumor and tissue around it. Your doctor can then look at the tissue to see if you're cured or if there still may be cancer cells in your body. You may need to combine other treatments with surgery to make sure your cancer is gone.
Question: What can you do to manage adenocarcinoma?
Answer: If you do have cancer and start treatment, imaging tests can also help your doctor learn how well your treatment is working. They can be a huge source of support. Check the web site of the American Cancer Society. You can find out about local support groups, where you'll meet people who have the same type of cancer as you and can share their experience.
Question: How does adenocarcinoma start in the breasts?
Answer: The disease can also start in your rectum, the part of your large intestine where the leftover waste from digested food, called stool, gets pushed out of your body. Most prostate cancers are this type.
Question: How can you get adenocarcinoma?
Answer: You get adenocarcinoma when cells in the glands that line your organs grow out of control. They may spread to other places and harm healthy tissue. If you do have cancer and start treatment, imaging tests can also help your doctor learn how well your treatment is working.
Question: What can you do to help with a broken wrist?
Answer: Regular X-rays to make sure your wrist is healing normally You will probably also want to: Elevate your wrist on a pillow or the back of a chair above the level of your heart for the first few days. This will ease pain and swelling. Ice the wrist. Do this for 15-20 minutes every two to three hours for two to three days. Be careful to keep the splint or cast dry while icing. Take over-the-counter painkillers. Ask your doctor about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin (except for children). They can help with pain and swelling. However, these drugs have side effects, such as an increased risk of bleeding and ulcers. They should be used only occasionally unless your doctor specifically says otherwise, as this may delay healing. Practice stretching and strengthening exercises of the fingers, elbow, and shoulder if your doctor recommends them.
Question: What is a prosthetic eye?
Answer: Your doctor will decide which method to use based on: type of eye condition you have degree of damage to the eye A prosthetic eye can improve the appearance of the affected eye socket. For most people it is vastly preferable to wearing an eye patch or bandage.
Question: How does a prosthetic eye function after surgery?
Answer: A prosthetic eye moves, but often not as fully or briskly as your other healthy eye. The pupil in a prosthetic eye does not change in response to light. So the pupils of the two eyes may appear unequal. The eye socket may continue to change shape after surgery. Additional fitting and adjustment of the prosthesis may be necessary for weeks or months after initial placement.
Question: Why might an eye be removed?
Answer: Some of the reasons why an eye may be removed are: injury glaucoma infection inside the eye eye tumors There are two surgical methods for removing a damaged eye.
Question: For how long am I contagious if I have a cold?
Answer: Cold symptoms usually last for about a week. During the first three days that you have cold symptoms, you are contagious.
Question: What is the best way to prevent colds and the flu?
Answer: Hand washing by rubbing the hands with warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds helps to slough germs off the skin. In addition to hand washing to prevent flu or cold symptoms, you can also get a flu vaccine to prevent seasonal influenza.
Question: What kind of mucus is associated with a cold?
Answer: With cold symptoms, the nose teems with watery nasal secretions for the first few days. Later, these become thicker and darker. Dark mucus is natural and does not usually mean you have developed a bacterial infection, such as a sinus infection.
Question: How can you know if you have the flu or a common cold?
Answer: Take your temperature, say many experts. Flu symptoms often mimic cold symptoms with nasal congestion, cough, aches, and malaise. But a common cold rarely has symptoms of fever above 101 degrees. With flu symptoms, you will probably have a fever initially with the flu virus and you will feel miserable. Body and muscle aches are also more common with the flu.
Question: What should I do if my fever isn't going away?
Answer: If you already have flu or cold symptoms, it's important to call your doctor if you also have any of the following severe symptoms: Persistent fever: A fever lasting more than three days can be a sign of another bacterial infection that should be treated.
Question: What flu or cold symptoms are emergencies for adults?
Answer: In some cases, you may need to get emergency medical attention right away. In adults, signs of a crisis include: Severe chest pain Severe headache Shortness of breath Dizziness Confusion Persistent vomiting In children, additional signs of an emergency are: Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing Bluish skin color Not drinking enough fluids Lethargy and failure to interact normally Extreme irritability or distress Symptoms that were improving and then suddenly worsen Fever with a rash The most important prevention measure for preventing colds and flu is frequent hand washing.
Question: What should I do if I have a severe sore throat?
Answer: Painful swallowing: Although a sore throat from a cold or flu can cause mild discomfort, severe pain could mean strep throat, which requires treatment by a doctor.
Question: When should I take my child to the hospital for the flu or a cold?
Answer: In some cases, you may need to get emergency medical attention right away. In adults, signs of a crisis include: Severe chest pain Severe headache Shortness of breath Dizziness Confusion Persistent vomiting In children, additional signs of an emergency are: Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing Bluish skin color Not drinking enough fluids Lethargy and failure to interact normally Extreme irritability or distress Symptoms that were improving and then suddenly worsen Fever with a rash The most important prevention measure for preventing colds and flu is frequent hand washing.
Question: How do symptoms of a cold progress?
Answer: If cold symptoms begin quickly and are improving after a week, then it is usually a cold, not allergy. Flu symptoms often mimic cold symptoms with nasal congestion, cough, aches, and malaise. But a common cold rarely has symptoms of fever above 101 degrees. Body and muscle aches are also more common with the flu.
Question: What should I do if my cold isn't going away?
Answer: If cold symptoms do not seem to be improving after a week, you may have a bacterial infection, which means you may need antibiotics. If your cold symptoms do not seem to be getting better after a week, check with your doctor to see if you have developed an allergy or sinusitis.
Question: How does the flu spread?
Answer: Several hundred different viruses may cause your cold symptoms. In addition to hand washing to prevent flu or cold symptoms, you can also get a flu vaccine to prevent seasonal influenza.
Question: How long do flu symptoms last?
Answer: While cold symptoms can make you feel bad for a few days, flu symptoms can make you feel quite ill for a few days to weeks. The flu can also result in serious health problems such as pneumonia and hospitalizations. If you notice shortness of breath, let your doctor know. Another common sign of pneumonia is fever that comes back after having been gone for a day or two.
Question: What causes pinched (compressed) nerves?
Answer: A pinched nerve occurs when there is "compression" (pressure) on a nerve. The pressure may be the result of repetitive motions.
Question: When do you need surgery to treat pinched (compressed) nerves?
Answer: In more severe cases, it may be necessary to remove material that's pressing on a nerve, such as: Scar tissue Disc material Pieces of bone Treatment may include: NSAIDs.
Question: What are the symptoms of pinched (compressed) nerves?
Answer: With nerve compression, sometimes pain may be your only symptom. Or you may have other symptoms without pain. These are some of the more common symptoms of compressed nerves: Pain in the area of compression, such as the neck or low back Radiating pain, such as sciatica or radicular pain Numbness or tingling " Pins and needles" or a burning sensation Weakness, especially with certain activities Sometimes symptoms worsen when you try certain movements, such as turning your head or straining your neck.
Question: How can pinched (compressed) nerves affect me?
Answer: In some cases, you can't reverse the damage from a pinched nerve. The pressure may be the result of repetitive motions. Nerve compression often occurs when the nerve is pressed between tissues such as: Ligament Tendon Bone For example, inflammation or pressure on a nerve root exiting the spine may cause neck or low back pain. It may also cause pain to radiate from the neck into the shoulder and arm (cervical radiculopathy). For example, if a disc weakens or tears -- known as a herniated disc -- pressure can get put on a spinal nerve.
Question: What do you need to know about pinched (compressed) nerves?
Answer: If you have a pinched nerve (nerve compression) your body may send you warning signals such as pain. Don't ignore these warning signals. It may cause temporary or long-lasting problems. The earlier you get a diagnosis and treatment for nerve compression, the more quickly you'll find relief. In some cases, you can't reverse the damage from a pinched nerve.
Question: What other conditions besides multiple sclerosis can cause Lhermitte's sign?
Answer: MS is not the only condition that can cause Lhermitte's. It can also happen to people with other disorders involving the upper part of the spinal cord, and to people with a severe lack of vitamin B12. Your doctor will want to test you to see if MS or another health problem is causing your symptoms.
Question: How are symptoms of Lhermitteâs sign treated?
Answer: Your doctor may prescribe a few treatments to help relieve your pain: Electrical stimulating devices. These machines ease pain by sending low-voltage electricity to your nerves. Some work from outside your body, such as TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation). Others your doctor can implant inside you. A soft neck brace or collar to limit movement Massage and muscle relaxation techniques Deep breathing Stretching There are also medications that can combat Lhermitte's sign: Antiseizure drugs Muscle relaxers Antidepressants Sodium channel blockers Steroids Talk to your health care team about the mix of treatments that will help you the most.
Question: How is Lhermitte's sign related to multiple sclerosis?
Answer: When you have MS, your immune system begins to attack the fatty coating, called myelin, that protects your nerves. Without it, scar tissue forms and begins to block the messages traveling in your brain and spinal cord. Lhermitte's sign is one of the symptoms that happens when those signals don't move like they should.
Question: What treatments can relieve pain from Lhermitte's sign?
Answer: Your doctor may prescribe a few treatments to help relieve your pain: Electrical stimulating devices. These machines ease pain by sending low-voltage electricity to your nerves. Some work from outside your body, such as TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation). Others your doctor can implant inside you. A soft neck brace or collar to limit movement Massage and muscle relaxation techniques Deep breathing Stretching There are also medications that can combat Lhermitte's sign: Antiseizure drugs Muscle relaxers Antidepressants Sodium channel blockers Steroids Talk to your health care team about the mix of treatments that will help you the most.
Question: Is Lhermitte's sign life-threatening?
Answer: The problem can be painful, but it's not life-threatening. With time or with treatment, some people stop having Lhermitte's sign.
Question: What medications are used to treat Lhermitteâs sign?
Answer: A soft neck brace or collar to limit movement Massage and muscle relaxation techniques Deep breathing Stretching There are also medications that can combat Lhermitte's sign: Antiseizure drugs Muscle relaxers Antidepressants Sodium channel blockers Steroids Talk to your health care team about the mix of treatments that will help you the most.
Question: What medications can I take to combat Lhermitte's sign?
Answer: A soft neck brace or collar to limit movement Massage and muscle relaxation techniques Deep breathing Stretching There are also medications that can combat Lhermitte's sign: Antiseizure drugs Muscle relaxers Antidepressants Sodium channel blockers Steroids Talk to your health care team about the mix of treatments that will help you the most.
Question: How can you trigger Lhermitteâs sign?
Answer: Like a lot of MS symptoms, you're more likely to trigger Lhermitte's sign if you're tired or overheated. It can also happen if you move your head the wrong way, often when your chin hits your chest.
Question: What does it mean when you get Lhermitteâs sign?
Answer: When you have MS, your immune system begins to attack the fatty coating, called myelin, that protects your nerves. Without it, scar tissue forms and begins to block the messages traveling in your brain and spinal cord. Lhermitte's sign is one of the symptoms that happens when those signals don't move like they should. MS is not the only condition that can cause Lhermitte's. It can also happen to people with other disorders involving the upper part of the spinal cord, and to people with a severe lack of vitamin B12. Your doctor will want to test you to see if MS or another health problem is causing your symptoms.
Question: What is Lhermitte's sign?
Answer: It's called Lhermitte's sign, or barber chair sign, and it's often one of the symptoms that people mention when they're first diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. It can also happen if you move your head the wrong way, often when your chin hits your chest.
Question: How is deep vein thrombosis (DVT) treated?
Answer: Your doctor will want to stop the blood clot from getting bigger or breaking off and heading toward your lungs. She'll also want to cut your chances of getting another DVT.
Question: What medications are used to to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: Blood thinners are the most common medications used to treat DVT. They cut your blood's ability to clot. You may need to take them for 6 months. If your symptoms are severe or your clot is very large, your doctor may give you a strong medicine to dissolve it. These medications, called thrombolytics, have serious side effects like sudden bleeding. That's why they're not prescribed very often.
Question: What are the signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: But you might notice any of the following: Leg or arm swelling that comes on without warning Pain or soreness when you stand or walk Warmth in the area that hurts Enlarged veins Skin that looks red or blue If a blood clot breaks free and moves through your bloodstream, it can get stuck in a blood vessel of your lung.
Question: How can sitting for long periods affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: When you sit for long stretches of time, the muscles in your lower legs stay lax. This makes it hard for blood to circulate, or move around, the way it should. Long flights or car rides can put you at risk.
Question: What injuries can affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: This could result from a broken bone, surgery, or other trauma.
Question: What health issues affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: Conditions like Irritable bowel disease, cancer, and heart disease can all raise your risk.
Question: At what BMI does your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) increase?
Answer: People with a body mass index ( BMI) over 30 have a higher chance of DVT. This measures how much body fat you have, compared with your height and weight.
Question: What can deep vein thrombosis (DVT) lead to?
Answer: DVT can lead to major health problems. In some cases, it can be fatal. That's why if you think you have one, you must see a doctor right away.
Question: What blood disorders affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: Some diseases that run in families can make your blood thicker than normal or cause it to clot more than it should.
Question: How can a pulmonary embolism (PE) happen in deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: But you might notice any of the following: Leg or arm swelling that comes on without warning Pain or soreness when you stand or walk Warmth in the area that hurts Enlarged veins Skin that looks red or blue If a blood clot breaks free and moves through your bloodstream, it can get stuck in a blood vessel of your lung. Doctors call this a pulmonary embolism, or PE. It can be fatal.
Question: How can you prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: Simple lifestyle changes may help lower your odds of getting one. Try these simple tips to keep your blood circulating the way it should: Take care of yourself. Stop smoking, lose weight, and get active. Get regular checkups. And if your doctor has prescribed a medicine to control a health problem, take it as directed. Don't sit for too long. If you're traveling for 4 hours or more, take breaks to flex and stretch your lower leg muscles. If you're on a flight, walk up and down the aisle every half-hour. On long car drives, pull over each hour to stretch. Wear loose-fitting clothes, and drink plenty of water. Plan surgery after-care. Talk to your doctor about what you can do to prevent DVT after surgery. She might suggest you wear compression stockings or take blood thinners. You'll also want to get out of bed and start moving around.
Question: How can smoking affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: Smoking makes blood cells stickier than they should be. It also harms the lining of your blood vessels.
Question: How can pregnancy affect your chances of getting deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: This pressure prevents blood from pooling in your veins. Talk to your doctor about what you can do to prevent DVT after surgery.
Question: How is an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter used to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Answer: When a blood clot forms in a vein deep inside your body, it causes what doctors call deep vein thrombosis ( DVT). If your symptoms are severe or your clot is very large, your doctor may give you a strong medicine to dissolve it. Inferior vena cava ( IVC) filter.