anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How is a blood test used to diagnose testicular cancer?
Answer: Blood test: In many cases, testicular cancers create proteins or enzymes that can be found in the blood. If they are elevated, it may help doctors determine which type of cancer you have or whether it has spread. To get the blood, a doctor's aide will insert a thin needle into your arm to pull it out. You usually just feel a small prick.
Question: Is there a test for detecting testicular cancer?
Answer: There's no standard test for detecting it, but sometimes your doctor will notice something not quite right during a routine exam. If he finds a sign, he has several tests he can use can confirm a diagnosis or rule it out.
Question: How do I check myself for testicular tumors?
Answer: Often, you can find a tumor by examining yourself. Here's how to do it: While standing, gently but firmly roll each testicle between your thumb and fingers and feel for anything abnormal. If you come across a small, hard lump, any pain, or swelling, check with your doctor.
Question: What are stromal tumors?
Answer: There are also growths called âstromal tumorsâ that are often benign but sometimes can be cancerous. They show up in the tissues that produce hormones inside the testicles. They account for about 5% of adult cases and about 20% for boys.
Question: When is the best time to examine my testicles for cancer?
Answer: Do the exam during or after a warm bath or shower. This relaxes the skin, making it easier to feel anything unusual.
Question: What makes me at risk for testicular cancer?
Answer: They include: Testes that didn't form or descend normally. It can tell whether some growths are more likely to be cancer or might be something harmless.
Question: What are the different types of testicular cancer?
Answer: The majority of cases come in two main types: Seminomas, which are slow-growing and slow-spreading tumors. Nonseminomas, which are usually made up of more than one type of cancer cell. They grow and spread more quickly than seminomas. There are also growths called âstromal tumorsâ that are often benign but sometimes can be cancerous. They show up in the tissues that produce hormones inside the testicles. They account for about 5% of adult cases and about 20% for boys. When you do this test, you usually lie on your back on an exam table.
Question: What are symptoms of testicular cancer other than lumps or swollen testicles?
Answer: However, it's normal for one of your testicles to be larger than the other. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about your exam. Watch for early signs of puberty, such as the growth of facial hair or a deepening of the voice, in a younger boy. Blood test: In many cases, testicular cancers create proteins or enzymes that can be found in the blood.
Question: What increases my chances of getting testicular cancer?
Answer: They include: Testes that didn't form or descend normally. Your father or brother has had it. You've had testicular cancer before. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Men in their 20s and early 30s make up about half of all cases. Also, white men are as much as five times more likely than African- American or Asian- American men to develop testicular cancer. Being in the higher-risk groups does not mean you will get cancer. And you may not have any of these risk factors and could still develop it. It can tell whether some growths are more likely to be cancer or might be something harmless.
Question: What are physical signs of testicular cancer other than lumps?
Answer: And you may not have any of these risk factors and could still develop it. However, it's normal for one of your testicles to be larger than the other. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about your exam.
Question: What are the stages of testicular cancer?
Answer: If they are elevated, it may help doctors determine which type of cancer you have or whether it has spread. That's called a biopsy, and you usually get the result quickly. In Stage 0, the cancer is found only in small tubes inside of the testicle called seminiferous tubules. In Stage II, it has spread to the lymph nodes in the abdomen. In Stage III, cancer has spread to distant lymph nodes or other organs, perhaps as far as the lungs, liver or brain. This is known as âmetastasis.â Once your diagnosis is finished, you and your doctor can talk about the best treatment.
Question: What are the different kinds of testicular cancers?
Answer: The majority of cases come in two main types: Seminomas, which are slow-growing and slow-spreading tumors. Nonseminomas, which are usually made up of more than one type of cancer cell. They grow and spread more quickly than seminomas. When you do this test, you usually lie on your back on an exam table.
Question: Can a doctor help me tell the difference between grief and depression?
Answer: The grief process is normal, and most people go through it. But when grief takes over your life and you begin to feel hopeless, helpless, and worthless, then it's time to talk to your doctor about telling the difference between normal grief and depression.
Question: How much protein do I need to stay healthy after childbirth?
Answer: You also need to get enough: Protein: Foods like beans, seafood, lean meats, eggs, and soy products are rich in protein, which help your body recover from childbirth. Aim for five servings each day, or seven if you're breastfeeding.
Question: How can iron help me after childbirth?
Answer: Iron: This nutrient helps your body make new blood cells, which is especially important if you lost a lot of blood during your delivery. Red meat and poultry are high in iron. So are tofu and beans. Whether you eat meat or go vegetarian, the daily requirement for lactating women is 9 mg daily for women ages 19 and older, and 10 mg daily for adolescents. If you had twins, have a health condition, or are vegan, check with your doctor. You may need a supplement to get the right nutrition.
Question: How much calcium do I need after childbirth?
Answer: Calcium: You'll need 1,000 milligrams -- about 3 servings of low-fat dairy -- each day.
Question: Why is good nutrition important after childbirth?
Answer: It helps your body recover and gives you the energy you need to care for your little one.
Question: Which foods should I avoid after childbirth?
Answer: Talk to your doctor about what's right for you. Caffeine: Drink more than 3 cups (24 ounces) of coffee or soda a day, and you can upset your baby's sleep. Some fish: Swordfish, shark, king mackerel, and tilefish are high in mercury, a toxin that is harmful to your baby, so avoid them. Tuna can have some mercury, too. Make sure to only eat the âlightâ kind and no more than 6 ounces each week.
Question: How much should I eat after childbirth?
Answer: In the months after childbirth, most new moms need between 1,800 and 2,200 calories each day. Nursing? You'll need up to 500 more. If you're underweight, you work out more than 45 minutes each day, or you're breastfeeding more than one infant, that number could be higher. Talk to your doctor to figure out the right amount for you and to determine continuation of vitamin supplementation.
Question: How much water do I need after childbirth?
Answer: Aim for five servings each day, or seven if you're breastfeeding. If you're breastfeeding, the foods you eat can pass to your baby through your milk.
Question: How many pounds do most new moms lose after childbirth?
Answer: In the months after childbirth, most new moms need between 1,800 and 2,200 calories each day. You may need a supplement to get the right nutrition. If you get fewer than 1,800 calories, you'll see a drastic drop in your energy level and mood. If you're nursing, you can also harm your baby if you don't eat enough. The best thing to do is to stick with a healthy, balanced meal plan, and start exercising when your doctor says it's OK.
Question: What is cervicitis?
Answer: Cervicitis is inflammation of the cervix, which can bedue to: Irritation Infection Injury of cells that line the cervix These irritated or infected tissues may become red, swollen, and ooze mucus and pus. They may also bleed easily when touched.
Question: How is cervicitis diagnosed?
Answer: If your doctor suspects you have cervicitis, he or she may do a pelvic exam. This lets the doctor get a closer look at the cervix. The doctor will probably also swab the cervix to collect vaginal fluids or to see how easily it bleeds. Your doctor will also probably ask questions about your sexual history.
Question: Should your partner get treated if you have cervicitis?
Answer: Depending on what organism is causing the infection, your doctor may prescribe: Antibiotics Antifungal medications Antiviral medications Your doctor may also recommend that your partner be treated to make sure you don't get infected again. You should not have sex until you and your partner have finished treatment.
Question: What are the symptoms of cervicitis?
Answer: Many women with cervicitis don't have any symptoms. The condition may be discovered only after a routine exam or test. Signs and symptoms, if present, may include: Grayish or pale yellow vaginal discharge Abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as bleeding after sex or between periods Pain during sex Difficult, painful, or frequent urination Pelvic or abdominal pain or fever, in rare cases You may be at higher risk for cervicitis if you: Had recent sexual intercourse without a condom Recently had multiple sexual partners Have had cervicitis before Studies show that cervicitis will recur in 8% to 25% of women who get it.
Question: What are tests for cervicitis?
Answer: The doctor will want to know: The number of partners you've had in the past Whether or not you've had sex without a condom The kind of contraception you used Even if you don't have symptoms, your doctor will perform a routine exam to look for cervicitis if: You are pregnant The doctor thinks you are at high risk for an STD Your doctor may swab the cervix to check for discharge, swelling, tenderness, and bleeding. Your doctor will test your vaginal fluid for the presence of harmful bacteria or viruses.
Question: What helps treat the pain from a slipped disk?
Answer: Loses bladder or bowel control Has weakness in the arms or legs Has numbness in the inner, upper part of the thighs Changing positions or shifting posture may reduce immediate discomfort. For example, laying on the back, with feet on a chair and knees at a 90-degree angle, can sometimes be quite comfortable for back problems. Apply a cold compress several times a day for no more than 20 minutes at a time. Give nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (such as Motrin, Aleve, Advil or Naprosyn).
Question: Who is able to diagnose someone with ADHD?
Answer: An ongoing pattern of behavior that suggests inattention, hyperactivity, or being impulsive could be ADHD if it: Started before age 12 Has lasted for more than 6 months Interferes with daily life Happens in multiple settings Your pediatrician or primary care doctor can diagnose the disorder. They'll want to hear from parents, teachers, and others who have regular contact with the person. Your doctor may do tests or have you see a specialist to rule out other causes, too.
Question: What sources of caffeine can affect the brain?
Answer: A little caffeine can help you focus, but too much can make you jittery and restless. You may not realize how much you're getting. It's found in chocolate and some headache medicines, as well as coffee, black and green teas, sodas, and energy drinks. And having caffeine later in the day might cause trouble sleeping, which can also make you distracted. If you've been overdoing the caffeine, back off slowly to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms.
Question: What is stress?
Answer: Stress is your body's reaction when it feels threatened in some way. Your child could have trouble with a subject at school, get into a fight with a friend, or pick up on tension at home. Perhaps you're trying to make a deadline or are worried about an unexpected expense.
Question: What should parents do to help children through bullying?
Answer: It's hard to avoid cyberbullying, and it's easy for others to pile on and amplify it.
Question: How can substance abuse affect someone's focus?
Answer: Problems at school or work, poor memory, bad judgment, and moodiness are just a few symptoms of drug or alcohol misuse. The key things to look for are big changes in how someone looks, acts, and interacts with others.
Question: How does diet affect brain function?
Answer: If you're moody, cranky, drowsy, or confused, it may be because you have low blood sugar. A healthy meal or snack -- like a spinach salad with salmon and avocado, or a handful of walnuts -- could help you concentrate. Eating a lot of sweets, though, could slow down your brain.
Question: What should parents do if they suspect their child is being bullied?
Answer: If it is bullying, most schools have prevention programs and anti-bullying policies. Find out what these policies are and check that they're being enforced. Meet with your child's teacher to talk about the classroom setting and schoolwork.
Question: What steps should be taken if someone suspects substance abuse?
Answer: To help keep your body hydrated, have one with every meal and at least one between meals. Drug addiction can be treated with behavior therapy, sometimes medication, and support.
Question: What should someone do to get good sleep?
Answer: Your brain needs water to work. To improve the quality of your sleep, get some exercise during the day and limit how much you eat and drink right before bed. Try cutting back on or avoiding naps to encourage nighttime slumber.
Question: What are some negative factors to stress?
Answer: Long-term stress can also hurt memory. Talk to your child about what's going on.
Question: How do I know if my home blood pressure monitor is accurate?
Answer: That's why it's important to bring your blood pressure monitor to the doctor before you start to use it. She can test it against the ones used in her office.
Question: What are types of blood pressure monitors that use an arm cuff?
Answer: There are two basic types of monitors that use an arm cuff: Aneroid monitors: You squeeze a bulb to inflate the cuff around your upper arm. Then you read a gauge to find your blood pressure. These are the least expensive options, but they're also easy to damage. Digital monitors: On some models you inflate the cuff. On others the machine does it for you. Your reading appears on a small screen. Some even offer a paper printout. They're easy to use and read.
Question: Are smartphone apps accurate at checking blood pressure?
Answer: The best way to know for sure if you have high blood pressure is to measure it several times a day for a few months. Early research suggests you can't -- at least not yet. One small study found readings from a popular blood pressure app were highly inaccurate. A review of several apps notes that most haven't been scientifically proven to give correct readings. It recommends more studies before apps are used for medical purposes.
Question: What are pros and cons of using wrist monitors for blood pressure?
Answer: You can even choose a model that you wear on your arm or wrist during the day. They may be less accurate than the ones that use a cuff. That's because you need to take the reading with your arm at heart level. Other positions can affect your numbers. But they could be a good option if a cuff monitor hurts or if your upper arm is too large for one.
Question: How does weight play a role in the TLC program?
Answer: The third part of the TLC Program is about shedding unwanted pounds. Besides the cholesterol, extra fat can increase your chances for high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and other issues.
Question: What are good choices of carbohydrates?
Answer: Some great choices: Beans Fruit Lentils Quinoa Vegetables Whole grains and whole wheat sources That's a whole lot of information about food to take in, but there are two more pillars to the program.
Question: Can you stop cholesterol medication while on the TLC Program?
Answer: You will need medication, too. But with lifestyle changes such as the TLC Program, you may be able to take lower doses.
Question: Is exercise important for the TLC program?
Answer: Physical activity is also part of the plan. You should try to get at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most, if not all, days of the week. Brisk walking is a great place for many people to start. Some other suggestions: Bicycling Bowling Dancing Gardening Of course, you should talk with your doctor before you start a new exercise plan.
Question: Are pilates, tai chi, or yoga used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: These slow, gentle, flowing exercises help boost your balance and flexibility. They may even ease your pain. Research by the Arthritis Foundation shows that yoga poses, breathing, and relaxation lower joint tenderness and swelling for some people with RA. Studies show tai chi reduces long-term pain. Pilates strengthens your core, which takes pressure off your joints. All of these exercises are good for your mind and your body.
Question: Do people with rheumatoid arthritis have higher levels of cytokines than people without rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: People with RA have higher levels of cytokines than others. Studies show that omega-3s may ease joint pain and shorten the time you have morning stiffness. Good sources include cold-water fatty fish like salmon, trout, tuna, or sardines.
Question: Should I eat healthy foods if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: It helps you fight inflammation. Certain fish, for example, are full of omega-3 fatty acids that curb chemicals called cytokines, which ramp up inflammation in the body.
Question: Are occupational therapists useful in treating rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: An occupational therapist shows you ways to do specific tasks at home or at work. A physical therapist helps keep you moving and gets you stronger and more flexible. No matter which type you choose, it's best to see someone who has experience working with people who have arthritis.
Question: What is renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: It's the most common type of kidney cancer. Although it's a serious disease, finding and treating it early makes it more likely that you'll be cured. No matter when you're diagnosed, you can do certain things to ease your symptoms and feel better during your treatment.
Question: Where can you get support for renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: To get more information on renal cell carcinoma, visit the web site of the American Cancer Society.
Question: What tests are done to diagnose renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: From there, he'll do some tests that could include: Urine tests Blood tests Biopsy Tests to see how well your liver is working Ultrasound, which uses sound waves to make a picture of the organs inside your body CT scan, a test that uses a powerful X-ray to make detailed pictures inside your body Nephrectomy, when doctors remove part of one of your kidneys, or sometimes the whole kidney, to check it for renal cell carcinoma. You'll have this test if your doctor has already spotted a tumor, but doesn't know if it's cancer.
Question: What can increase your chances of getting renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: Several things can raise your chances of getting the disease, like: Smoking Being very overweight Taking a lot of pain medicine, like aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen, for a long time Having hepatitis C Exposure to certain dyes, asbestos, cadmium (a metal), herbicides, and solvents Having acquired cystic kidney disease Some inherited conditions, especially von Hippel- Lindau disease Early on, renal cell carcinoma doesn't usually cause any symptoms.
Question: What questions will my doctor ask me if I have symptoms of renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: As the disease gets more serious, you might have warning signs like: A lump on your side, belly, or lower back Blood in your pee Low back pain on one side Losing weight for no clear reason Not feeling hungry Fever Feeling tired Not enough red blood cells (anemia) Night sweats High levels of calcium in your blood High blood pressure Your doctor will want to find out more about your symptoms to figure out what's going on. First, he'll give you a physical exam and ask you questions like: When did you first notice a problem? Is there blood in your urine? Have you been having any pain? Where? Does anything make your symptoms better or worse? Has anyone in your family had von Hippel- Lindau disease? What about kidney cancer?
Question: What causes renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: Scientists aren't sure exactly what causes renal cell carcinoma. They know that most kidney cancers start when something goes wrong in the genes in the kidney. No one can say for certain why that happens.
Question: When does renal cell carcinoma start?
Answer: Most people who have renal cell carcinoma are older, usually between ages 50 and 70. It often starts as just one tumor in a kidney, but sometimes it begins as several tumors, or it's found in both kidneys at once. You might also hear it called renal cell cancer.
Question: What can put me at risk for renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: Several things can raise your chances of getting the disease, like: Smoking Being very overweight Taking a lot of pain medicine, like aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen, for a long time Having hepatitis C Exposure to certain dyes, asbestos, cadmium (a metal), herbicides, and solvents Having acquired cystic kidney disease Some inherited conditions, especially von Hippel- Lindau disease Early on, renal cell carcinoma doesn't usually cause any symptoms.
Question: How bad is renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: It's the most common type of kidney cancer. Although it's a serious disease, finding and treating it early makes it more likely that you'll be cured. No matter when you're diagnosed, you can do certain things to ease your symptoms and feel better during your treatment.
Question: What should you expect if you have renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: The stage of cancer depends on how large your tumor is and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of your body. The earlier you find and treat renal cell carcinoma, the better your progress will be. Treatment helps many people fight the cancer, and you have several good options to ease pain and other symptoms.
Question: What can you do to take care of yourself during treatment for renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: No matter when you're diagnosed, you can do certain things to ease your symptoms and feel better during your treatment. Eat well. You need calories and nutrients to stay strong for treatment. If it's hard for you to eat, try smaller meals every few hours instead of three big meals. Keep moving. Exercise is good for your body and your mind. Your treatment may leave you feeling tired, so be sure to balance activity with rest. Follow your treatment plan. Keep your doctor in the loop about any changes in how you're feeling. Get support. It's important to take care of your emotional health, too. Trained counselors and support groups can offer safe places to talk about how you and your loved ones feel. Also, ask for help from family, friends, and members of your community.
Question: What are the warning signs of renal cell carcinoma?
Answer: As the disease gets more serious, you might have warning signs like: A lump on your side, belly, or lower back Blood in your pee Low back pain on one side Losing weight for no clear reason Not feeling hungry Fever Feeling tired Not enough red blood cells (anemia) Night sweats High levels of calcium in your blood High blood pressure Your doctor will want to find out more about your symptoms to figure out what's going on. These treatments usually don't work well for renal cell carcinoma.
Question: How safe is a breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
Answer: A breast MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a test that is sometimes performed along with a screening mammogram in women with at least a 20% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. It is often done in women who have already been diagnosed with breast cancer to measure size and extent of the breast cancer.