anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How can you tell if pelvic support problems are causing chronic pelvic pain?
Answer: Symptoms you may have: Pain is related to sitting Pain doesn't seem to be related to bowel movements You wake up at night in pain Pain usually lasts less than 20 minutes at a time Sometimes women have pelvic pain when the muscles and ligaments that hold organs in place weaken. This causes organs like the uterus, the bladder, or the rectum to move from their normal places and herniate into the vagina. The vagina may also change shape. Pregnancy and giving birth may cause these kinds of problems. Symptoms you may have: Leaking urine Feeling like something is falling out of your vagina Difficulty with bowel movements Lower back pain Pain during sex Pelvic organs bulge into the vagina, or even stick out the vaginal opening, in severe cases Vulvodynia is pain that affects the vulva for no apparent reason.
Question: What can I do to help myself care for someone with gastrointestinal stromal tumors?
Answer: Help for the Caregiver To make sure you don't burn out while caregiving: Take breaks. Set aside some time each day for you, Get out of the house regularly so as not to feel isolated and lonely. Say "no" when you need to, and ask for help. There are times when you can't do everything. Hire or enlist outside help if possible. The resources listed below can help point you in the right direction. Join a caregiver support group. Meeting with a group of people who are also caring for someone with a soft tissue sarcoma, or other disease, can make you feel less alone. At the support group, you can exchange ideas with other people, meet other caregivers, and learn tips to make caregiving tasks easier. Group support is an effective tool to help you cope more effectively. Take care of yourself. The person with GIST isn't the only one who needs a little TLC right now. You can't be an effective caregiver if you're not well. Ensure that your health and well-being are maintained.
Question: What are some resources to help in caring for someone with gastrointestinal stromal tumors?
Answer: American Cancer Society www.cancer.org Cancer Care www.cancercare.org Family Caregiver Alliance www.caregiver.org GIST Support International ( GSI) www.gistsupport.org Life Raft Group www.liferaftgroup.org National Cancer Institute www.cancer.gov National Comprehensive Cancer Network ( NCCN) www.nccn.com National Family Caregivers Association www.nfcacares.org
Question: What should I ask the doctor if I am caring for someone with gastrointestinal stromal tumors?
Answer: The Caregiver's Job When caring for someone with GIST -- or any other cancer -- several responsibilities may fall to you, including: Cooking and cleaning Running errands Helping the person get bathed, dressed, and take medicine Managing insurance issues and bills Driving to the doctor's office and other appointment When you take the person with GIST to the doctor, here are a few questions to ask so you'll know what's expected of you: Where can I learn more about GIST and its treatment? What are the next steps in treatment? What medicines does he or she need to take? How do I give those medicines? What side effects might the treatment cause? For which side effects should I call you? How can I help my family member/friend with GIST feel better during treatment? What can I do to help manage his or her pain? Are there any local support groups or resources I should know about?
Question: How much help does someone with gastrointestinal stromal tumors usually need?
Answer: During treatment for GIST, family and friends may have to help out with day-to-day responsibilities. GIST Resources Here are a few resources to help in caring for the individual with gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Question: What problems can Fabry disease cause?
Answer: You may notice things like: Pain and burning in your hands and feet that get worse with exercise, fever, and hot weather or when you are tired Small, dark red spots usually found between your belly button and knees Cloudy vision Hearing loss Ringing in the ears Sweating less than normal Stomach pain, bowel movements right after eating Fabry disease can lead to more serious problems, especially in men. These can include: Higher chance of heart attack or stroke Serious kidney problems, including kidney failure High blood pressure Heart failure Enlarged heart Osteoporosis It can take a long time to get diagnosed with Fabry disease.
Question: What are symptoms of Fabry disease?
Answer: You may notice things like: Pain and burning in your hands and feet that get worse with exercise, fever, and hot weather or when you are tired Small, dark red spots usually found between your belly button and knees Cloudy vision Hearing loss Ringing in the ears Sweating less than normal Stomach pain, bowel movements right after eating Fabry disease can lead to more serious problems, especially in men.
Question: What is Fabry disease?
Answer: When you have Fabry disease, a certain type of fatty substance builds up in your body. It narrows your blood vessels, which can hurt your skin, kidneys, heart, brain, and nervous system. Your doctor may call Fabry disease a "storage disorder." It usually starts in childhood and is much more common in men than women. That's because the symptoms are common and can affect so many different parts of the body.
Question: What tests do you need when you have Fabry disease?
Answer: You can also expect to get regular tests to keep track of how you're doing. These may include: Blood, urine, and thyroid tests EKG (electrocardiogram). CT of your head.
Question: How is Fabry disease treated?
Answer: The most common has been enzyme replacement therapy ( ERT) which replaces the enzyme that is missing or not working correctly. This allows your body to break down fatty also substances the way it should. You will probably visit an outpatient center every few weeks to get the enzyme injected into a vein. Your doctor may recommend that you also take: Drugs to relieve pain (prescription or nonprescription) Medicine for stomach problems Blood thinners or other drugs for irregular heartbeat or other heart problems Blood pressure medicine, which also helps protect your kidneys You may need dialysis or a kidney transplant if Fabry disease has caused serious kidney damage.
Question: How is Fabry disease diagnosed?
Answer: That's because the symptoms are common and can affect so many different parts of the body. If your family history suggests you could be at risk for Fabry disease, you may want to ask your doctor about getting genetic testing. If your doctor thinks it might be Fabry disease, he will ask you to either take a blood test so he can measure the level of alpha-galactosidase A, or take a DNA test.
Question: What is a hip (acetabular) labral tear?
Answer: In others it causes pain in the groin. It can make you feel like your leg is "catching" or "clicking" in the socket as you move it. Over time, labral tears in the hip may cause permanent damage to the joint. The labrum is a band of tough cartilage and connective tissue that lines the rim of the hip socket, or acetabulum.
Question: Who is most likely to get a labrum tear in their hip?
Answer: Labral tears of the hip are more common in women. They also occur more often in people who have abnormalities of the hip structure, like hip dysplasia and other conditions. In recent years, experts have found that acetabular labral tears are much more common than once thought. Studies show that up to 22% of athletes who complain of groin pain have a labral tear in the hip.
Question: Who is at the greatest risk for complications of the flu?
Answer: While anyone can get flu, infants, the elderly, pregnant women, and people with chronic ailments such as diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, and HIV are at highest risk for flu complications. Despite advances in flu prevention and treatment, the CDC estimates that deaths related to influenza range from 3,000 to 49,000 deaths in the United States each year.
Question: Which flu strains are linked to Reye's syndrome?
Answer: Widespread outbreaks of Reye's syndrome have occurred with influenza type B and also with chickenpox, but other viruses have been implicated. The risk of Reye's syndrome is increased when taking aspirin, so anyone under age 18 should not take aspirin if they have any viral symptoms or are recovering from the flu or any other virus.
Question: What is avian or bird flu?
Answer: Bird flu, or avian influenza, is an infectious disease of birds caused by type A strains of the influenza virus. Bird flu epidemics have occurred worldwide. Bird flu is a leading contender to be the next pandemic flu bug because it has caused an unprecedented epidemic in poultry and wild birds across Asia and Eastern Europe. Still, no one knows for sure whether this will cause the next human flu pandemic.
Question: How many different types of colds and flus are there and how are they treated?
Answer: More than 100 types of cold viruses are known, and new strains of flu evolve every few years. Since both diseases are viral, antibiotics cannot conquer cold or flu. Remember: Antibiotics only treat bacterial infections.
Question: How is the flu prevented?
Answer: Specific strains of flu can be prevented by a flu vaccine, either a flu shot or nasal spray flu vaccine. In addition, antiviral medications are available to prevent flu. These drugs may help reduce the severity and the duration of flu and are best used within the first 48 hours of the appearance of flu symptoms.
Question: Where do influenza viruses originate and how do they mutate?
Answer: Most influenza viruses that infect humans seem to originate in parts of Asia, where close contact between livestock and people creates a hospitable environment for mutation and transmission of viruses. Swine, or pigs, can catch both avian (meaning from birds, such as poultry) and human forms of a virus and act as hosts for these different viral strains to meet and mutate into new forms. The swine then transmit the new form of the virus to people in the same way in which people infect each other -- by transmitting viruses through droplets in the air that people breathe in.
Question: Can antiviral or antibiotic medications treat the flu or a cold?
Answer: But there are no medications that specifically defeat the common cold. Antibiotics may be helpful only if there is a secondary bacterial infection. In addition, antiviral medications are available to prevent flu.
Question: What are the differences in symptoms of a cold and the flu?
Answer: Both cold and flu may bring coughing, headache, and chest discomfort. With the flu, though, you are likely to run a high fever for several days and have body aches, fatigue, and weakness. Symptoms of the flu also tend to come on abruptly. Usually, complications from colds are relatively minor, but a case of flu can lead to a life-threatening illness such as pneumonia. Viruses are the most common cause of stomach flu.
Question: What cold and flu medicines can help me with a headache or body aches?
Answer: Headache or body aches: Choose a pain reliever that contains acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen. If you take one of these, look at any other medicines you're taking to make sure they don't contain the same drug. Many cold and flu treatments have the same ingredients.
Question: What cold and flu medicines can help me with sore throat?
Answer: Sore throat: Use throat lozenges or cough drops to soothe your sore throat. Or try a pain reliever, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen.
Question: What cold and flu medicines can help me with cough?
Answer: Cough: There are two types of over-the-counter cough medicines: expectorants and cough suppressants. Expectorants, like guaifenesin, help thin mucus so you can cough it up more easily. Cough suppressants, such as dextromethorphan, help control cough. You can buy these medicines separately or combined. Ask your doctor or pharmacist which is best for your cough. Cough drops and throat lozenges can also reduce your urge to cough.
Question: What cold and flu medicines can help me with fever?
Answer: Fever: Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen can ease your fever, which may help you feel better.
Question: What cold and flu medicines can help me with stuffy nose?
Answer: Stuffy nose: Look for decongestant pills that contain phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine. Decongestants help a stuffy nose by shrinking swollen nasal passages that cause congestion. You can also try decongestant nose drops or sprays, but you should not use these products for more than 3 days. Saline (saltwater) nose sprays or rinses can also help relieve congestion and break up mucus. These sprays are safe to use as often as you want.
Question: Can children take over-the-counter cold and flu medicines?
Answer: A whole aisle of over-the-counter cold and flu medicines awaits you at the store. For children ages 4-6, only give them if a doctor recommends it. Read the label so you can match the symptoms to the right medicine. Make sure you use the right medicine and the right dose for your child’s age and weight.
Question: Why do I need to take medicine after a heart attack?
Answer: Limit plaques by lowering cholesterol. Other drugs may be prescribed if needed. These include medications to treat irregular heartbeats, lower blood pressure, control chest pain, and treat heart failure.
Question: What are the symptoms of a heart attack, and how long will they last?
Answer: Symptoms of a heart attack include: Discomfort, pressure, heaviness, or pain in the chest, arm or below the breastbone Discomfort radiating to the back, jaw, throat or arm Fullness, indigestion or choking feeling (may feel like heartburn) Sweating, nausea, vomiting or dizziness Extreme weakness, anxiety or shortness of breath Rapid or irregular heartbeats Fatigue During a heart attack, symptoms may last 30 minutes or longer and are not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. Some people have a heart attack without having any symptoms (a "silent" myocardial infarction). A silent MI can occur in anyone, though it is more common among diabetics.
Question: After a heart attack, when should I see my doctor after I leave the hospital?
Answer: Make a doctor's appointment for two to six weeks after leaving the hospital. Your doctor will want to check the progress of your recovery. She may ask you to undergo diagnostic tests (such as an exercise stress test or echocardiogram at regular intervals). These tests can help your doctor diagnose the presence or progression of blockages in your coronary arteries and plan treatment. Call your doctor sooner if you have symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath -- especially at rest, dizziness, or irregular heartbeats.
Question: Iâve had a heart attack. How can I prevent another one?
Answer: The goal after a heart attack is to keep the heart healthy and reduce the risks of having another heart attack. Your best opportunities to ward off future attacks is to take your medications, change your lifestyle, and see your doctor for regular heart checkups.
Question: Whatâs the purpose of drugs that treat a heart attack, and when should they be given?
Answer: The goals of drug therapy are to break up or prevent blood clots, prevent platelets from gathering and sticking to the plaque, stabilize the plaque, and prevent further damage. These medications must be given as soon as possible to decrease the amount of heart damage. The longer the delay in starting these drugs, the more damage can occur and the less benefit they can provide.
Question: How can an artery spasm bring on a heart attack?
Answer: While it is unusual, a heart attack can also be caused by a spasm of a coronary artery. Coronary arteries have a muscle lining which can contract or relax depending on the needs of the heart muscle at a given time. During a coronary spasm, the coronary arteries constrict or spasm without warning, reducing blood supply to the heart muscle and potentially causing a heart attack. The amount of damage to the heart muscle depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between injury and treatment. Earlier treatment can reduce the impact of the heart attack.
Question: How can a blocked artery bring on a heart attack?
Answer: Heart muscle requires a constant supply of oxygen-rich blood to nourish it. Fatty matter, calcium, proteins and inflammatory cells build up within the arteries to form plaques of different sizes and consistencies. With the build-up of plaque, there is less delivery of oxygen to the heart muscle, especially when there is a demand for oxygen (during exertion or exercise) and chest pain or symptoms can develop. The outer surface of the plaque may rupture or crack and platelets (disc-shaped particles in the blood that help form blood clots) then come to the area to form blood clots around the plaque -- like a scab. If a blood clot totally obstructs the artery, the heart muscle can become starved for oxygen. This is called ischemia.
Question: What tests are used to diagnose a heart attack?
Answer: The electrocardiogram ( ECG or EKG) can provide information about the extent and location of heart muscle damage. Blood may be drawn to measure levels of cardiac enzymes that indicate heart muscle damage. By measuring the levels of these enzymes, the doctor can determine approximately when the heart attack started. An echocardiogram (also called an echo) is an ultrasound test that can be used to learn how the heart is pumping overall and what areas might not be pumping normally. Cardiac catheterization.
Question: What are the symptoms of stomach cancer from H. pylori?
Answer: Get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms: Stool that is bloody, dark red, or black Trouble breathing Dizziness or fainting Feeling very tired for no reason Pale skin color Vomit that has blood or looks like coffee grounds Severe, sharp stomach pain It's not common, but H. pylori infection can cause stomach cancer. The disease has few symptoms at first, such as heartburn. Over time, you may notice: Belly pain or swelling Nausea Not feeling hungry Feeling full after you eat just a small amount Vomiting Weight loss for no reason If you don't have symptoms of an ulcer, your doctor probably won't test you for H. pylori.
Question: When should you get tested for H. pylori infection?
Answer: But if you have them now or have in the past, it's best to get tested. Medicines like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) can also damage your stomach lining, so it's important to find out what's causing your symptoms so you can get the right treatment.
Question: How is a computed tomography (CT) scan used to diagnose H. pylori infection?
Answer: It's a powerful X-ray that makes detailed pictures of the inside of your body.
Question: How long do treatments for H. pylori infections last?
Answer: Your treatment could mean you'll take 14 or more pills per day for a few weeks, which seems like a lot of medicine. But it's really important to take everything that your doctor prescribes and to follow her instructions. If you don't take antibiotics the right way, bacteria in your body can become resistant to them, which makes infections harder to treat. If your medications bother you, talk to your doctor about your treatment options and how you can handle side effects. About 1-2 weeks after you finish your treatment, your doctor may test your breath or stool again to make sure the infection is gone.
Question: When should you call your doctor about symptoms of an ulcer from H. pylori?
Answer: Other signs of an ulcer include: Bloating Burping Not feeling hungry Nausea Vomiting Weight loss for no clear reason Ulcers can bleed into your stomach or intestines, which can be dangerous to your health. Get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms: Stool that is bloody, dark red, or black Trouble breathing Dizziness or fainting Feeling very tired for no reason Pale skin color Vomit that has blood or looks like coffee grounds Severe, sharp stomach pain It's not common, but H. pylori infection can cause stomach cancer.
Question: How is an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy used to diagnose H. pylori infection?
Answer: In a hospital, a doctor will use a tube with a small camera, called an endoscope, to look down your throat and into your stomach and the upper part of your small intestine. The procedure may also be used to collect a sample that will be examined for the presence of the bacteria. You may be asleep or awake during the procedure, but you'll get medicine to make you more comfortable.
Question: How can you prevent H. pylori infection?
Answer: You can protect yourself from getting an H. pylori infection with the same steps you take to keep other germs at bay: Wash your hands after you use the bathroom and before you prepare or eat food. Teach your children to do the same. Avoid food or water that's not clean. Don't eat anything that isn't cooked thoroughly. Avoid food served by people who haven't washed their hands. Though stress, spicy foods, alcohol, and smoking don't cause ulcers, they can keep them from healing quickly or make your pain worse. Talk to your doctor about ways to manage your stress, improve your diet, and, if you smoke, how you can get help to quit.
Question: How is H. pylori infection diagnosed?
Answer: To start, your doctor will ask you about your medical history, your symptoms, and any medicines you take. Then she'll give you a physical exam, including pressing on your belly to check for swelling, tenderness, or pain. You may also have: Tests of your blood and stool, which can help find an infection Urea breath test. You'll drink a special liquid that has a substance called urea. Then you'll breathe into a bag, which your doctor will send to a lab for testing. If you have H. pylori, the bacteria will change the urea in your body into carbon dioxide, and lab tests will show that your breath has higher than normal levels of the gas.
Question: How does H. pylori make you sick?
Answer: For decades, doctors thought people got ulcers from stress, spicy foods, smoking, or other lifestyle habits.
Question: Who can get H. pylori infection?
Answer: Many people get H. pylori during childhood, but adults can get it, too. The germs live in the body for years before symptoms start, but most people who have it will never get ulcers. Doctors aren't sure why only some people get ulcers after an infection.
Question: Where can I find information or support for H. pylori infection?
Answer: For some people, an infection can lead to stomach cancer. You may also have: Tests of your blood and stool, which can help find an infection Urea breath test.
Question: What can I expect after H. pylori infection?
Answer: Tests that make detailed pictures of the insides of your body, such as a CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) If you have ulcers caused by H. pylori, you'll need treatment to kill the germs, heal your stomach lining, and keep the sores from coming back. If you've had one, you should avoid taking NSAIDs for pain, since these drugs can damage your stomach lining. If you need pain medicine, ask your doctor to recommend some.
Question: How are upper GI tests used to diagnose H. pylori infection?
Answer: You'll drink a special liquid that has a substance called urea. In a hospital, a doctor will use a tube with a small camera, called an endoscope, to look down your throat and into your stomach and the upper part of your small intestine.
Question: What is H. pylori?
Answer: These germs can enter your body and live in your digestive tract. After many years, they can cause sores, called ulcers, in the lining of your stomach or the upper part of your small intestine. For some people, an infection can lead to stomach cancer. Most ulcers caused by H. pylori will heal after a few weeks of treatment.