anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How can I use epinephrine for life-threatening allergies?
Answer: This strong, fast-acting medication is given with an easy-to-use auto-injector. Inject the drug at the first sign of a reaction, and call 911 right away. Have him sit down, lie down, or stay in the most comfortable position for breathing. Stay calm. Be aware that epinephrine can make you feel jumpy, boost your heart rate and make you feel a little sick. If an insect stinger is involved, remove it with a gentle brushing motion. Listen and watch to make sure he's breathing. If you're trained in CPR, give it if needed. You can give a second shot of epinephrine if the symptoms don't go away. But remember, it's better to use expired epinephrine in an emergency than nothing at all.
Question: What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis?
Answer: Call 911 immediately if you think someone's having symptoms of anaphylaxis. These may include: Hoarseness Trouble speaking Tightness in the throat Wheezing, or trouble breathing or swallowing Hives Swollen eyes, lips or tongue Runny nose Dizziness Abdominal pain or diarrhea Nausea and vomiting Confusion Anxiety If the person has an epinephrine injector, don't wait to use it, even if you aren't sure the symptoms are allergy-related. If it isn't clear, replace the unit.
Question: How can ADHD affect your emotions?
Answer: You may get stressed if your loved ones say you don't listen and you feel you've let them down in some way. You have the same emotions as everyone else. But because of ADHD, you may feel them more strongly or for a longer time. The right treatment and therapy can help you manage your ADHD symptoms and emotions.
Question: How can ADHD affect you at work?
Answer: ADHD can create challenges at work. You may tend to put off tasks or have a hard time organizing them. You may get distracted easily, have trouble finishing projects, or interrupt others during meetings.
Question: Can treating ADHD help manage your emotions?
Answer: Coaching, therapy, and support groups can help you learn new ways to deal with them and feel better about life with ADHD. Individual, couples, or group therapy can help you learn ways to manage ADHD symptoms and your emotions.
Question: Can counseling help you manage emotions with ADHD?
Answer: The right treatment and therapy can help you manage your ADHD symptoms and emotions. Here are some tips to deal with common ADHD symptoms at work: Ask for a quiet spot to work in.
Question: What are tips to deal with your emotions in relationships if you have ADHD?
Answer: Here are some ways to deal with your emotions in relationships: Plan ahead: If family gatherings or other social events make you stressed, let your partner know. Agree to leave early or take a break halfway through to walk outside. Don't take on more than you can handle. Give yourself burnout breaks: It's OK to let your partner or friends know you need some quiet time. Admit when you've messed up: Don't blame all your mistakes on your ADHD or get defensive with your partner.
Question: How do doctors diagnose a cholesteatoma?
Answer: Your doctor will look inside your ear with an otoscope -- an instrument that has a magnifying glass and a light on it. She'll also test how well you can hear sounds to see if your cholesteatoma has affected your hearing.
Question: What are the symptoms of cholesteatomas?
Answer: Cholesteatomas typically cause symptoms in only one ear. The signs include: Constant sound inside your ear (tinnitus) Dizziness (or vertigo) Ear infection Earache Feeling of "fullness" in one ear Fluid that smells bad and leaks from your ears Trouble hearing in one ear Weakness in half your face If you've had a cholesteatoma for a long time and haven't treated it, it can grow into other areas of your ear, like the part you use for balance. More seriously, it can turn into an infection in your inner ear or even in your brain. This can cause pus-filled swelling in your brain or meningitis. Both are very rare.
Question: Can a cholesteatoma be from an ear infection or injury?
Answer: A cholesteatoma can happen for several reasons: You get an ear infection or injury. Sometimes after an operation on your ear, a cold, or an allergy, your Eustachian tube doesn't work normally. A vacuum is created in your middle ear, which sucks in your ear drum, making a sac -- the perfect place for skin cells to collect. Cholesteatomas caused by ear infections are the most common kind.
Question: How is a cholesteatoma diagnosed?
Answer: Your doctor will look inside your ear with an otoscope -- an instrument that has a magnifying glass and a light on it. She'll also test how well you can hear sounds to see if your cholesteatoma has affected your hearing. If your doctor thinks you might have a cholesteatoma, she'll refer you to an ear, nose, and throat specialist. There you'll get image scans such as the following so the doctor can look more closely at your cholesteatoma: CT scan (computerized tomography): This is a series of X-ray images that show your doctor a detailed picture of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissue inside your ear.
Question: How is a cholesteatoma removed surgically?
Answer: You'll be given medicine to make you sleep, and the removal will be done in one of two ways: Mastoidectomy: Your mastoid is the bone behind your ear. Your surgeon opens this bone up to remove the cyst. Tympanoplasty: This fixes damage to your eardrum (tympanic membrane). Your surgeon uses cartilage or muscle from another part of your ear to fill any holes in your eardrum.
Question: Can cholesteatomas return after surgery?
Answer: Cholesteatomas can be aggressive. They can come back if they're not removed completely, so it's important to see your doctor for regular follow-up visits.
Question: How can a problem with a Eustachian tube cause a cholesteatoma?
Answer: If the tube that connects your ear and your nose doesn't work the way it should, your eardrum can't handle changes in pressure well. That can make it collapse and become a pocket. Skin cells build up in the pocket and form a cholesteatoma.
Question: How common are cholesteatomas?
Answer: Cholesteatomas aren't common -- only 9 out of every 100,000 adults in the U. S. get them. They can show up at any age, and men are more likely to get them than women.
Question: How is an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) used to diagnose a cholesteatoma?
Answer: MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): If a CT scan shows your doctor something that needs a closer look, an MRI is used if an infection is suspected to have spread to the brain.
Question: What happens if cholesteatomas are not removed for a long time?
Answer: The signs include: Constant sound inside your ear (tinnitus) Dizziness (or vertigo) Ear infection Earache Feeling of "fullness" in one ear Fluid that smells bad and leaks from your ears Trouble hearing in one ear Weakness in half your face If you've had a cholesteatoma for a long time and haven't treated it, it can grow into other areas of your ear, like the part you use for balance. More seriously, it can turn into an infection in your inner ear or even in your brain. This can cause pus-filled swelling in your brain or meningitis. Both are very rare.
Question: Are cholesteatomas cancerous?
Answer: But if you don't treat them, they can cause problems, including hearing loss. Cholesteatomas aren't common -- only 9 out of every 100,000 adults in the U. S. get them.
Question: How is a cholesteatoma treated?
Answer: There's no medicine that will make a cholesteatoma go away. They usually need to be removed with surgery. It typically takes 2 to 3 hours, and you won't need to stay in a hospital.
Question: What symptoms are caused by cholesteatomas?
Answer: Cholesteatomas typically cause symptoms in only one ear. The signs include: Constant sound inside your ear (tinnitus) Dizziness (or vertigo) Ear infection Earache Feeling of "fullness" in one ear Fluid that smells bad and leaks from your ears Trouble hearing in one ear Weakness in half your face If you've had a cholesteatoma for a long time and haven't treated it, it can grow into other areas of your ear, like the part you use for balance.
Question: How is a CT scan (computerized tomography) used to diagnose a cholesteatoma?
Answer: There you'll get image scans such as the following so the doctor can look more closely at your cholesteatoma: CT scan (computerized tomography): This is a series of X-ray images that show your doctor a detailed picture of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissue inside your ear. This can tell your doctor if your cholesteatoma has grown into the bones of your ear, which can mess with your hearing and balance. Your doctor may especially want to do this scan if surgery might be a treatment option for you. It can give him a better picture of what's going on before the procedure.
Question: How do computerized tomography (CT) scans diagnose a cholesteatoma?
Answer: There you'll get image scans such as the following so the doctor can look more closely at your cholesteatoma: CT scan (computerized tomography): This is a series of X-ray images that show your doctor a detailed picture of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissue inside your ear. This can tell your doctor if your cholesteatoma has grown into the bones of your ear, which can mess with your hearing and balance. Your doctor may especially want to do this scan if surgery might be a treatment option for you. It can give him a better picture of what's going on before the procedure.
Question: Which medicines will cure a cholesteatoma?
Answer: There's no medicine that will make a cholesteatoma go away. They usually need to be removed with surgery. It typically takes 2 to 3 hours, and you won't need to stay in a hospital.
Question: How do MRIs diagnose a cholesteatoma?
Answer: MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): If a CT scan shows your doctor something that needs a closer look, an MRI is used if an infection is suspected to have spread to the brain.
Question: What is a cholesteatoma ear cyst?
Answer: The lump typically starts deep in your ear near your eardrum and grows toward your middle and inner ear. But if you don't treat them, they can cause problems, including hearing loss. Cholesteatomas aren't common -- only 9 out of every 100,000 adults in the U. S. get them. They can show up at any age, and men are more likely to get them than women. Skin cells build up in the pocket and form a cholesteatoma.
Question: What is a cholesteatoma?
Answer: The lump typically starts deep in your ear near your eardrum and grows toward your middle and inner ear. Skin cells build up in the pocket and form a cholesteatoma.
Question: What causes a cholesteatoma?
Answer: More seriously, it can turn into an infection in your inner ear or even in your brain. A vacuum is created in your middle ear, which sucks in your ear drum, making a sac -- the perfect place for skin cells to collect. Cholesteatomas caused by ear infections are the most common kind. You have a problem with a Eustachian tube. If the tube that connects your ear and your nose doesn't work the way it should, your eardrum can't handle changes in pressure well. That can make it collapse and become a pocket. Skin cells build up in the pocket and form a cholesteatoma. It forms when you do. In rare cases, cholesteatomas start when babies are still developing. Part of the lining of the ear gets trapped inside bone as it grows. These are usually found early in childhood.
Question: How are cholesteatomas treated?
Answer: The signs include: Constant sound inside your ear (tinnitus) Dizziness (or vertigo) Ear infection Earache Feeling of "fullness" in one ear Fluid that smells bad and leaks from your ears Trouble hearing in one ear Weakness in half your face If you've had a cholesteatoma for a long time and haven't treated it, it can grow into other areas of your ear, like the part you use for balance. Tympanoplasty: This fixes damage to your eardrum (tympanic membrane). Your surgeon uses cartilage or muscle from another part of your ear to fill any holes in your eardrum. Surgery often helps with some of your hearing loss, but not always. Cholesteatomas can be aggressive. They can come back if they're not removed completely, so it's important to see your doctor for regular follow-up visits.
Question: What are symptoms of liver cancer?
Answer: Liver cancer usually has no initial symptoms or may have vague symptoms such as fatigue, fever, chills, and night sweats. Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general weakness, mental confusion, loss of sex drive, pain in the left side of the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen, and the development of skin lesions that resemble a spider.
Question: What are the symptoms of liver cancer?
Answer: Liver cancer usually has no initial symptoms or may have vague symptoms such as fatigue, fever, chills, and night sweats. Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general weakness, mental confusion, loss of sex drive, pain in the left side of the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen, and the development of skin lesions that resemble a spider.
Question: What are symptoms of advanced stage liver cancer?
Answer: Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general weakness, mental confusion, loss of sex drive, pain in the left side of the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen, and the development of skin lesions that resemble a spider.
Question: What are the symptoms of advanced liver cancer?
Answer: Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general weakness, mental confusion, loss of sex drive, pain in the left side of the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen, and the development of skin lesions that resemble a spider.
Question: What is an acetabular labrum tear?
Answer: A acetabular labrum tear can cause a wide variety of symptoms. Some people don't have any discomfort. Others have sharp pain around the groin, which may extend into the upper leg or buttocks. Acetabular labral tears often cause a feeling of the leg "catching" or "clicking" in the hip socket as you move it. It may also feel like the leg is locking up. Over time, the increased stress on the joint could lead to further deterioration and permanent damage.
Question: How is widow maker heart attack treated?
Answer: You're more likely to have heart attacks if you: Smoke Are obese Eat a lot of unhealthy foods Are over 45 (men) or 55 (women) Don't exercise Have high blood pressure Have uncontrolled diabetes Have a family history of heart disease You may survive a widow maker if the emergency room doctors can treat you quickly. The ER team races against time to unblock your left main or LAD artery within 90 minutes of your heart attack. Restoring the blood flow can prevent scars on your heart that can do permanent damage. Usually, you won't need surgery. Instead, your doctors most likely will need to place one or more stents.
Question: Who is more likely to have a widow maker heart attack?
Answer: You're more likely to have heart attacks if you: Smoke Are obese Eat a lot of unhealthy foods Are over 45 (men) or 55 (women) Don't exercise Have high blood pressure Have uncontrolled diabetes Have a family history of heart disease You may survive a widow maker if the emergency room doctors can treat you quickly.
Question: How does a widow maker heart attack happen?
Answer: Without oxygen, the cells in your heart muscles start to die in minutes. They're a major pipeline for blood. If blood gets 100% blocked at that critical location, it's almost always fatal without emergency care. You may feel pain, pressure, squeezing, or fullness in the center of your chest for several minutes. You're more likely to have heart attacks if you: Smoke Are obese Eat a lot of unhealthy foods Are over 45 (men) or 55 (women) Don't exercise Have high blood pressure Have uncontrolled diabetes Have a family history of heart disease You may survive a widow maker if the emergency room doctors can treat you quickly. The ER team races against time to unblock your left main or LAD artery within 90 minutes of your heart attack.
Question: What is widow maker heart attack?
Answer: Without emergency treatment, you most likely won't survive. Despite its name, the widow maker strikes women, too. A widow maker is when you get a big blockage at the beginning of the left main artery or the left anterior descending artery ( LAD). If blood gets 100% blocked at that critical location, it's almost always fatal without emergency care.
Question: What causes a widow maker heart attack?
Answer: Heart attacks can be deadly, and the widow maker is one of the deadliest kind. Cholesterol and fatty plaque clog your arteries over time and choke off blood.
Question: What signs of infection should you look out for when taking care of your stitches?
Answer: Even as you continue to take care of your stitches, watch for any signs of infection. They include: Increasing pain Redness around the wound that gets worse, not better A red streak from the wound traveling upward Swelling Pus or bleeding A bad smell coming from the area Fever Call your doctor if you see signs of infection. You should get treatment as soon as possible.
Question: What do my stitches do?
Answer: Your stitches are important because they lower your chances of more bleeding or infection. They also reduce scarring.
Question: Should you wash the dirt around the stitches?
Answer: Afterwards: You should wash off dirt and the crust that forms around the stitches. That lowers your chances of having a scar. You may need to place a bandage on it if the wound leaks clear, yellow fluid. After washing, be sure to dry the area with gentle pats of a clean towel.
Question: What are stitches?
Answer: You can think of stitches in your skin like you do those in your clothes -- thread that holds things together. They're made from various materials, such as nylon or silk. Some, such as the ones used in the mouth, dissolve by themselves. Others will need to be taken out later.
Question: How can you make scars from stitches less visible?
Answer: Here are a few things you can do to make them less visible: Protect yourself from the sun. Damaged skin is much more likely to be discolored by the sun for up to 6 months after an injury. Products with silicone may help soften scars and improve the color if you use them at least 12 hours a day. Talk to your doctor before you do this, though. Onion extract. Your doctor might suggest a cream ( Mederma) that contains this extract. Massage . Use your fingers and rub the scar in circles with medium pressure. This might help your scar to soften and flatten faster.
Question: How do you get your stitches taken out?
Answer: Some, such as the ones used in the mouth, dissolve by themselves. Others will need to be taken out later. When you should do this depends on the type of cut and where it's located. You usually need stitches that are over joints, such as your knees and elbows, to stay in for longer than in other places. With stitches, it's harder putting them in than taking them out.
Question: Why should you tell your doctors about supplements you're taking along with pycnogenol?
Answer: Tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural. That way, your doctor can check on any potential side effects or interactions with medications.
Question: What are side effects of pycnogenol?
Answer: Side effects. Pycnogenol seems well-tolerated for use in adults for up to 6 months. It may cause side effects such as: Dizziness Vertigo Upset stomach Risks.
Question: What is pycnogenol?
Answer: It comes from the bark of a European pine tree. Pycnogenol is thought to be an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage. The active ingredients in pycnogenol can also be extracted from other sources, including peanut skin, grape seed, and witch hazel bark. It seems to lower blood pressure and improve blood flow to the legs. More research is needed to see how this supplement affects all of these conditions.
Question: How does pycnogenol interact with other medications?
Answer: It comes from the bark of a European pine tree. Pycnogenol is thought to be an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage. The active ingredients in pycnogenol can also be extracted from other sources, including peanut skin, grape seed, and witch hazel bark. They could interact with medicines to suppress the immune system, chemotherapy drugs, and blood thinners.
Question: What are risks of taking pycnogenol?
Answer: It comes from the bark of a European pine tree. Pycnogenol is thought to be an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage. The active ingredients in pycnogenol can also be extracted from other sources, including peanut skin, grape seed, and witch hazel bark. Pycnogenol may stimulate the immune system. So it may not be safe for people with immune disorders, such as: Lupus Multiple sclerosis ( MS) Rheumatoid arthritis It's not known if pycnogenol is safe for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Question: Does pycnogenol affect medicines?
Answer: Tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural. Pycnogenol may stimulate the immune system.
Question: What are optimal doses of pycnogenol?
Answer: Optimal doses of pycnogenol have not been set for any condition. If you take any medications regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using pycnogenol supplements.
Question: What are some side effects associated with taking aromatase inhibitors to treat breast cancer?
Answer: One serious side effect of aromatase inhibitors is osteoporosis, which can lead to bone fractures. You'll need bone density tests to check for osteoporosis. Other side effects include hot flashes, muscle and joint pain, memory problems, and a greater chance of heart disease.
Question: How is Tamoxifen taken to treat breast cancer?
Answer: Tamoxifen ( Nolvadex, Soltamox) is a pill you take daily. It's been prescribed for decades to treat breast cancer. Women of any age can use it, regardless of whether they've gone through menopause. Research shows that taking tamoxifen for 5 years lowers the chance of breast cancer recurrence and new breast cancers in women with ER-positive or ER-unknown breast tumors.
Question: How does ovarian ablation help with breast cancer?
Answer: If you haven't yet gone through menopause and have ER-positive cancer, your doctor may want to stop your ovaries from making estrogen. This can be done by: Aiming radiation at the ovaries Surgically removing the ovaries Taking a drug called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( LHRH) agonist Your treatment may include both ovarian ablation and hormone therapy.
Question: Which hormone drugs treat breast cancer?
Answer: There are other hormone therapy drugs used to treat breast cancer, too. Most, such as fulvestrant ( Faslodex) and toremifene ( Fareston), are used to treat metastatic breast cancer. Toremifene, like tamoxifen, blocks certain effects of estrogen and is used as a treatment for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Studies show that giving women an LHRH agonist alone or with tamoxifen is at least as effective as the chemotherapy combination used in hormone-sensitive, early breast cancer and in metastatic breast cancer of premenopausal women.