anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How can I treat the symptoms of diving ear pain?
Answer: For pain, give ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) or acetaminophen ( Tylenol). Avoid ibuprofen and other NSAIDs if the person has heart failure or kidney failure.
Question: If I have diving ear pain, how long should I wait before going on another dive?
Answer: To avoid serious hearing loss or other problems, the person should not go on another dive until the pain goes away or the person sees a doctor.
Question: What are symptoms of diving ear pain (barotrauma)?
Answer: Symptoms of diving ear pain (also known as barotrauma) include: Ear pressure Mild to severe ear pain Nausea Reduced hearing Ringing ear Vertigo Vomiting Help the person ascend until symptoms disappear.
Question: When do I need medical attention for diving ear pain?
Answer: Seek immediate medical care if: Pain, a feeling like there is water in the ears, or muffled hearing continues after the dive is over There are symptoms of inner ear damage, such as deafness, ear ringing, or vertigo The person has experienced ear pain when diving before If possible, see an ear, nose, and throat specialist with experience in treating diving-related ear problems.
Question: Can urinary catheters cause bladder spasms?
Answer: These can happen if your bladder tries to push out the catheter. Medicine can help.
Question: What is a catheter?
Answer: If you have trouble peeing or can't control when you pee, a urinary catheter that goes into your bladder can get rid of urine for you. If you need blood or medicine, your doctor might use an intravenous catheter that's connected to one of your veins with a needle. For example, if you had cancer and needed chemotherapy, that's how you'd get it. It usually goes in through your urethra (the tube that takes urine from your bladder out of your body) and drains your bladder.
Question: At home, what kinds of things call for protective eyewear?
Answer: It can include: Goggles, which are more impact resistant than safety glasses Safety glasses with side protection/shields Face shields, including welding helmets Full-face respirators, which include face shields At home: Protective eyewear can help prevent eye injury from: Household chemicals Workshop activities Gardening and lawn work Car repair or maintenance tasks If you injure your eye(s), get medical attention immediately.
Question: What are some terms Iâll hear about eyeglass lenses, and what do they mean?
Answer: Lenses: Your glasses may have: Monofocal lenses: One vision correction for all distances Multifocal (bifocal, trifocal, progressive, or no-line) lenses: Correct both near and distant vision Ultraviolet ( UV) protection: A lens coating that blocks the sun's damaging and invisible UV rays Antireflective lens coating: Lessens light reflection off your glasses, and reduces daytime glare and the nighttime "starburst" effect around lights You may want to ask your eye doctor about other features like: Photochromatic lenses: They darken in situations where you'd otherwise wear sunglasses but act as regular eyeglasses in normal (usually indoor) light.
Question: What kinds of materials are eyeglass frames made from?
Answer: They can may be made from: Plastic Plain metal A mix of plastic and metal Specialty metals like titanium and carbon graphite -- both are highly damage resistant Fit: Your new specs should feel almost as if you aren't wearing them.
Question: How should a new pair of eyeglasses feel when I put them on?
Answer: They can may be made from: Plastic Plain metal A mix of plastic and metal Specialty metals like titanium and carbon graphite -- both are highly damage resistant Fit: Your new specs should feel almost as if you aren't wearing them. They shouldn't rub against your ears or nose, fall off easily, or just not feel right. Give yourself enough time to get used to them. If problems don't go away, tell your eye doctor.
Question: What are some good features to have in eyeglass lenses?
Answer: Lenses: Your glasses may have: Monofocal lenses: One vision correction for all distances Multifocal (bifocal, trifocal, progressive, or no-line) lenses: Correct both near and distant vision Ultraviolet ( UV) protection: A lens coating that blocks the sun's damaging and invisible UV rays Antireflective lens coating: Lessens light reflection off your glasses, and reduces daytime glare and the nighttime "starburst" effect around lights You may want to ask your eye doctor about other features like: Photochromatic lenses: They darken in situations where you'd otherwise wear sunglasses but act as regular eyeglasses in normal (usually indoor) light. Scratch protection: They're recommended for plastic lenses. Tints: They're mostly just for looks, but they can help if your eyes are sensitive to light.
Question: What are some things that call for special eyeglasses?
Answer: It can come from long hours staring at a computer screen or focusing and refocusing at different distances. Driving: Your options include: Special "driving sunglasses" with polarized lenses to block the light Glasses with both your lens prescription for distance vision and an anti-reflective coating Reading: These are a good choice if you have simple presbyopia (good distance vision but trouble up close). These glasses can be good for close-up hobbies, too. They're OK for most of us, but they may not work for you if your eyes aren't exactly matched or if you have astigmatism. Sports: Protective eyewear can prevent almost all sports-related injuries: Sports goggles with impact-resistant polycarbonate lenses: You can use them for basketball, baseball and softball (fielding), field hockey, women's lacrosse, racket sports, and soccer. Polycarbonate shields (or wire face guards): Used, for example, in baseball and softball (batting), and football Don't wear your everyday eyeglasses during sports.
Question: How do eyeglasses work?
Answer: That depends on whether your eyes change or not. It's a major part of keeping your eyes healthy. When you focus intently, you blink less and your eyes can dry out.
Question: What are types of safety eyewear might you see in the workplace?
Answer: If problems don't go away, tell your eye doctor. Safety eyewear should be comfortable and fit well. It can include: Goggles, which are more impact resistant than safety glasses Safety glasses with side protection/shields Face shields, including welding helmets Full-face respirators, which include face shields At home: Protective eyewear can help prevent eye injury from: Household chemicals Workshop activities Gardening and lawn work Car repair or maintenance tasks If you injure your eye(s), get medical attention immediately.
Question: Do most sinusitis infections go away on their own?
Answer: The most common are tissue injury and infection.
Question: Does surgery cure sinusitis?
Answer: Keep in mind that sinus surgery doesn't always cure sinusitis. Instead, you should look at it as part of your overall treatment plan. For example, you may still get sinus infections from time to time. And in the days right after surgery, your doctor may tell you to continue with saline rinses, antibiotics or other medications to treat your condition.
Question: When should you feel better after surgery for sinusitis?
Answer: If you decide to get surgery, you have a few different options.
Question: What is nasal packing?
Answer: Depending on the extent of the procedure, you may need what's called nasal packing. This is when your doctor places gauze-like material in the nasal cavity to absorb blood or other fluids right after surgery. He will take them out at your next follow-up appointment. There are also dissolvable packing materials that don't need to be removed.
Question: How do liquids help treat my cold?
Answer: The liquid loosens the mucus that's backed up in your sinuses. Hot tea is good. So is chicken soup.
Question: When should I call a doctor to treat a cold?
Answer: Call your doctor if your symptoms stick around for more than a week, or if they get worse after about 5 days.
Question: What should I do before taking a decongestant for sinuses?
Answer: Also make that call if you have diabetes, an enlarged prostate, thyroid disease, or heart disease. While you take this type of medication, watch for side effects like nervousness, dizziness, and sleeplessness.
Question: What are symptoms of Addisonian crisis?
Answer: Symptoms of an Addisonian crisis include: Shock, when the body does not get enough blood flow Sudden penetrating pain in the lower back, abdomen, or legs Severe vomiting and diarrhea, followed by dehydration Fever Weakness and fatigue Low blood pressure Loss of consciousness Multiple organ failure, including kidneys, if circulation of blood cannot be restored
Question: What are the symptoms of Addison's disease?
Answer: Over time, Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, leads to these symptoms: Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness Loss of appetite, inability to digest food, and weight loss Low blood pressure (hypotension) that falls further when standing; this causes dizziness, sometimes to the point of fainting. Blotchy, dark tanning and freckling of the skin; this is most noticeable on parts of the body exposed to the sun, but also occurs in unexposed areas like the gums. Darkened skin is particularly likely to occur on the forehead, knees, and elbows or along scars, skin folds, and creases (such as on the palms). Blood sugar abnormalities, including dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Inability to cope with stress Moodiness, irritability, and depression Intolerance to heat or cold Craving for salty foods Some of these symptoms may indicate conditions other than Addison's disease.
Question: What should be included in your action plan for status asthmaticus?
Answer: It's important to follow the asthma action plan that you made with your doctor, avoid your triggers, take your medicine, and keep up with your doctor appointments.
Question: How can your peak flow meter help with preventing status asthmaticus?
Answer: Use a peak flow meter several times a day. These devices help to check on how well your lungs are working. Start treatment immediately, according to your asthma action plan, if you notice a lower reading, even if you feel fine. Keep up with your doctor appointments to find out how well your lungs are doing and to make sure your medicines are working well.
Question: What is status asthmaticus?
Answer: Status asthmaticus is respiratory failure that comes with the worst form of acute severe asthma, or an asthma attack. If an attack comes on quickly and it doesn't respond to regular treatment, it can lead to status asthmatiscus, If it happens, you may have to go to the hospital to get it treated.
Question: When will you need immediate medical care for status asthmaticus?
Answer: If you have a bad asthma attack and your rescue inhaler or your nebulizer doesn't help, you need medical care right away. If you have a steroid medicine at home (such as prednisone), you can take a dose of it on your way to the emergency room.
Question: How can you prevent status asthmaticus?
Answer: Status asthmaticus is respiratory failure that comes with the worst form of acute severe asthma, or an asthma attack. It's important to follow the asthma action plan that you made with your doctor, avoid your triggers, take your medicine, and keep up with your doctor appointments. You might be surprised to learn that you may not have more of these than usual during a severe asthma attack. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and how well you're breathing. But you can take steps to make them less likely: Take your asthma medication as often as your doctor recommends.
Question: What causes status asthmaticus?
Answer: Status asthmaticus is respiratory failure that comes with the worst form of acute severe asthma, or an asthma attack. Doctors don't know why some people get severe asthma attacks. It may be more likely if: You don't often see your doctor, so your asthma isn't under good control. You come in contact with your asthma triggers or things you're allergic to. You don't use your peak flow meter and asthma medicines as directed by your doctor in your asthma action plan.
Question: What are the triggers for cluster headaches?
Answer: When you're in the middle of a cluster period, any of these can bring on a headache: Cigarette smoke Alcohol Strong smells You have several options when it comes to treating these headaches: Medications Acute attack treatments: These help when the headache hits.
Question: How long do cluster headaches last?
Answer: Men get them more than women do. Short duration: Cluster headaches usually only last 30 to 90 minutes.
Question: Who is at risk for cluster headaches?
Answer: Men get them more than women do. Frequent: Most people will get daily headaches for 2 weeks to 3 months; in between these periods, they'll be pain-free for at least 2 weeks. When that happens, you may notice: Discomfort or a mild burning sensation Swollen or drooping eye Smaller pupil in the eye Eye redness or watering Runny or congested nose Red, warm face Sweating You're sensitive to light Cluster headaches are more common in people who smoke or are heavy drinkers.
Question: What are episodic cluster headaches?
Answer: It's so bad that most people can't sit still and will often pace during an attack. They can be as short as 15 minutes or as long as 3 hours, but then they disappear. You'll probably get one to three of these headaches a day. Frequent: Most people will get daily headaches for 2 weeks to 3 months; in between these periods, they'll be pain-free for at least 2 weeks.
Question: What is an episodic cluster headache?
Answer: It's so bad that most people can't sit still and will often pace during an attack. They can be as short as 15 minutes or as long as 3 hours, but then they disappear. You'll probably get one to three of these headaches a day. Frequent: Most people will get daily headaches for 2 weeks to 3 months; in between these periods, they'll be pain-free for at least 2 weeks.
Question: What are some symptoms of cluster headaches?
Answer: Pain: It's almost always one-sided, and it stays on the same side during a period, the time when you're getting daily attacks. You'll feel it behind or around one eye. When that happens, you may notice: Discomfort or a mild burning sensation Swollen or drooping eye Smaller pupil in the eye Eye redness or watering Runny or congested nose Red, warm face Sweating You're sensitive to light Cluster headaches are more common in people who smoke or are heavy drinkers.
Question: What are the symptoms of cluster headaches?
Answer: Pain: It's almost always one-sided, and it stays on the same side during a period, the time when you're getting daily attacks. You'll feel it behind or around one eye. When that happens, you may notice: Discomfort or a mild burning sensation Swollen or drooping eye Smaller pupil in the eye Eye redness or watering Runny or congested nose Red, warm face Sweating You're sensitive to light Cluster headaches are more common in people who smoke or are heavy drinkers.
Question: When can cluster headaches happen?
Answer: Cluster headaches are a series of relatively short but extremely painful headaches every day for weeks or months at a time. You tend to get them at the same time each year, such as the spring or fall. Cluster headaches can be more severe than a migraine, but they usually don't last as long. Men get them more than women do. The nerve that's affected, the trigeminal nerve, is responsible for sensations such as heat or pain in your face. It's near your eye, and it branches up to your forehead, across your cheek, down your jaw line, and above your ear on the same side, too. They might even wake you up an hour or two after you go to bed.
Question: How can I tell if I might have cluster headaches?
Answer: When you're in the middle of a cluster period, any of these can bring on a headache: Cigarette smoke Alcohol Strong smells You have several options when it comes to treating these headaches: Medications Acute attack treatments: These help when the headache hits. Alternative Treatments Talk to your doctor about: Capsaicin: A nasal spray of this pain reliever might help.
Question: How often is the emergency stockpile of the smallpox vaccine used?
Answer: The variola virus causes it.
Question: What would happen if there were an outbreak of smallpox?
Answer: If an outbreak of smallpox were to happen, public health measures would likely include these steps: find and vaccinate infected people, vaccinate health care workers and others at risk of infection, isolate smallpox patients to keep them from spreading the disease, and give vaccinations for the public as needed to contain the outbreak.
Question: How can I prevent smallpox?
Answer: The vaccine prompts the body's immune system to make the tools, called antibodies, it needs to protect against the variola virus and help prevent smallpox disease.
Question: How soon will I see symptoms of smallpox after I'm  infected?
Answer: During this time, the person isn't contagious and can't spread the virus to others. An infected person is most contagious once they start having symptoms. He can spread smallpox to others until he is completely symptom-free.
Question: What causes smallpox?
Answer: The variola virus causes it. There are two forms of the virus. The more dangerous form, variola major, led to smallpox disease that killed about 30% of people who were infected. Variola minor caused a less deadly type that killed about 1% of those who got it.
Question: How is smallpox treated?
Answer: There's only one known drug that can treat smallpox. Beyond that, medical care aims to ease symptoms like fever and body aches, and control any other illnesses that a person can get when their immune system is weak. Antibiotics can help if someone gets a bacterial infection while they have smallpox. The vaccine prompts the body's immune system to make the tools, called antibodies, it needs to protect against the variola virus and help prevent smallpox disease.
Question: What are some potential risks of the smallpox vaccine>
Answer: The vaccine prompts the body's immune system to make the tools, called antibodies, it needs to protect against the variola virus and help prevent smallpox disease. Some of its side effects can be dangerous, especially for people with weak immune systems. Some people would have a higher risk of a reaction to the vaccine, like: Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding People with skin disorders such as eczema People with a weak immune system due to a medical condition like leukemia or HIV People on medical treatments, such as for cancer, that make the immune system weak It's hard to know how major a threat a smallpox outbreak would be today.
Question: What can my doctor do to help my smallpox?
Answer: There's only one known drug that can treat smallpox. Beyond that, medical care aims to ease symptoms like fever and body aches, and control any other illnesses that a person can get when their immune system is weak. Antibiotics can help if someone gets a bacterial infection while they have smallpox.
Question: How common are exocrine pancreatic cancers?
Answer: Other less common exocrine pancreatic cancers include: Adenosquamous carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Giant cell carcinoma Acinar cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma The exocrine pancreas makes up 95% of the pancreas, so it's not surprising that most pancreatic cancers arise here.
Question: How can you prevent pancreatic cancer?
Answer: There is no known way to prevent pancreatic cancer.
Question: What are risk factors for pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for pancreatic cancer: Smoking roughly doubles the risk for pancreatic cancer when compared to non-smokers. While diabetes is not a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the two have been linked. Age, race, and family history are other risk factors for pancreatic cancer.
Question: How is pancreatic cancer treated?
Answer: Chemotherapy and radiation are often given together, prior to, after, or even without surgery, to slow pancreatic cancer's growth. Palliative care aims to reduce discomfort for people whose pancreatic cancer cannot be cured.
Question: What are exocrine pancreatic cancers?
Answer: Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer Although there are several different types of exocrine pancreatic cancer, 95% of cases are due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Other less common exocrine pancreatic cancers include: Adenosquamous carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Giant cell carcinoma Acinar cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma The exocrine pancreas makes up 95% of the pancreas, so it's not surprising that most pancreatic cancers arise here.
Question: How is pancreatic cancer classified?
Answer: Endocrine Pancreatic Cancer Other cells of the pancreas make hormones that are released directly into the bloodstream (endocrine system).
Question: How is pancreatic cancer prevented?
Answer: There is no known way to prevent pancreatic cancer.
Question: What causes pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Pancreatic cancer occurs when cells in the pancreas grow, divide, and spread uncontrollably, forming a malignant tumor. The exact cause of pancreatic cancer is unknown. Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for pancreatic cancer: Smoking roughly doubles the risk for pancreatic cancer when compared to non-smokers. While diabetes is not a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the two have been linked. Age, race, and family history are other risk factors for pancreatic cancer.
Question: How is surgery used for pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Pancreatic cancer is treated in several ways, alone or in combination: Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Palliative care Surgery is generally done to attempt to cure pancreatic cancer, but it may also be done to lessen or prevent symptoms. Chemotherapy and radiation are often given together, prior to, after, or even without surgery, to slow pancreatic cancer's growth. Palliative care aims to reduce discomfort for people whose pancreatic cancer cannot be cured.
Question: What should you expect from pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Pancreatic cancer's tendency to spread silently before diagnosis makes it one of the most deadly cancer diagnoses, with more than 43,000 people expected to die of the disease in 2017. Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer Although there are several different types of exocrine pancreatic cancer, 95% of cases are due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This can be done with a needle through the skin, during endoscopy, or with an operation.
Question: How is pancreatic cancer diagnosed?
Answer: In 2017, about 53,670 Americans will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. These tests include: Ultrasound CT scanning MRI Endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) A definitive diagnosis of pancreatic cancer only comes from removal of tissue (biopsy) for examination in a lab. This can be done with a needle through the skin, during endoscopy, or with an operation.
Question: What can you do to live longer with pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Pancreatic cancer's tendency to spread silently before diagnosis makes it one of the most deadly cancer diagnoses, with more than 43,000 people expected to die of the disease in 2017. Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer Although there are several different types of exocrine pancreatic cancer, 95% of cases are due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This can be done with a needle through the skin, during endoscopy, or with an operation.
Question: How long does it take for a broken collarbone to heal?
Answer: Usually, a broken collarbone will heal on its own. You just need to give it time.
Question: What are the symptoms of a broken collar bone?
Answer: A broken collarbone is usually pretty obvious. You might feel a crack when it happens. Afterward, you will probably have: Pain and swelling Difficulty moving your arm and shoulder A grinding feeling when you try to raise your arm Sagging in your shoulder A bump around the area of the break To diagnose a broken collarbone, your doctor will give you a thorough physical exam.