anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are the most common side effects of certolizumab used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: How you take it: By injection How often you take it: Usually every 2-4 weeks (your doctor will decide) Most common side effects: Flu or cold, rash, urinary tract infections Your doctor should: Test you for tuberculosis and hepatitis before you take it Check you for infections, including tuberculosis, while you take it How it works: It targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF), a chemical your body makes that causes inflammation.
Question: How does etancercept treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Your doctor will call this type of drug an " IL-1 blocker." Your doctor should: Test you for tuberculosis and hepatitis before you take it Check you for infections, including tuberculosis, while you take it How it works: It targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF), a chemical your body makes that causes inflammation.
Question: How does anakinra work to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Your doctor will call this type of drug an " IL-1 blocker." Your doctor should: Test you for tuberculosis and hepatitis before you take it Check you for infections, including tuberculosis, while you take it How it works: It targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF), a chemical your body makes that causes inflammation.
Question: How does certolizumab treat rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Your doctor will call this type of drug an " IL-1 blocker." Your doctor should: Test you for tuberculosis and hepatitis before you take it Check you for infections, including tuberculosis, while you take it How it works: It targets tumor necrosis factor ( TNF), a chemical your body makes that causes inflammation.
Question: When do acid reflux symptoms most often happen?
Answer: Acid reflux symptoms most often occur: After eating a heavy meal When bending over or lifting an object When lying down, especially on your back People who have frequent acid reflux symptoms most often experience them at night.
Question: What is dyspepsia?
Answer: Many people with acid reflux disease also have a syndrome called dyspepsia. Dyspepsia is a general term for stomach discomfort. Symptoms of dyspepsia include: Burping Nausea after eating Stomach fullness or bloating Upper abdominal pain and discomfort Symptoms of acid reflux may be a sign that stomach acid has inflamed your esophagus.
Question: Is regurgitation a common acid reflux symptom?
Answer: Another common symptom of acid reflux is regurgitation -- or the sensation of acid backing up into your throat or mouth. Regurgitation can produce a sour or bitter taste, and you may experience "wet burps."
Question: Are heart attack symptoms and acid reflux symptoms similar?
Answer: Also call the doctor right away if you have any "alarm" acid reflux symptoms, such as these: Unexpected weight loss Blood in vomit Black, tarry, or maroon-colored stools Difficulty or pain with swallowing Other acid reflux symptoms that should prompt a call to your doctor include: Asthma-like symptoms, such as wheezing or dry cough Hoarseness, especially in the morning Chronic sore throat Hiccups that don't let up Nausea that lasts for more than a day or two Sometimes, people confuse the symptoms of heart attack with symptoms of acid reflux disease. That's because pain in the chest can feel like heartburn. When in doubt, call your doctor.
Question: How common is heartburn among pregnant women?
Answer: More than half of all pregnant women experience heartburn during pregnancy. Increased hormones and pressure from a growing fetus can combine to produce this acid reflux symptom. In most cases, heartburn improves or completely goes away after delivery.
Question: Are there potential complications with acid reflux symptoms?
Answer: To lessen your symptoms, try avoiding: Citrus fruits Chocolate Caffeinated drinks or alcohol Spicy, fatty, or fried foods Garlic and onions Peppermint Tomatoes Usually, acid reflux symptoms cause no complications. In a few cases, continued esophageal damage can lead to scarring, which may cause the esophagus to narrow. The narrowing creates strictures and makes it difficult to swallow. You may have dysphagia, a sensation that food is stuck in your esophagus. In some cases, normal cells in the lining of the esophagus may be replaced by a different type of cell. This is called Barrett's esophagus, which can sometimes develop into cancer.
Question: When should you call 911 about possible symptoms of a heart attack?
Answer: Call 911 if you have any of these symptoms of heart attack: Chest pain, pressure, or fullness lasting more than a few minutes or that goes away and comes back Pain or discomfort in your neck, shoulder, upper back, or jaw Shortness of breath, with or without chest pain Dizziness, lightheadedness, or nausea Sweating along with chest pain
Question: What foods can make acid reflux symptoms worse?
Answer: Lots of people are intimately familiar with acid reflux symptoms. To lessen your symptoms, try avoiding: Citrus fruits Chocolate Caffeinated drinks or alcohol Spicy, fatty, or fried foods Garlic and onions Peppermint Tomatoes Usually, acid reflux symptoms cause no complications.
Question: How can bloodwork help to diagnose transverse myelitis?
Answer: Bloodwork: Your doctor will test your blood for signs of illnesses with similar symptoms, like lupus, HIV, or another form of myelitis. He'll try to find out if transverse myelitis is a sign of a related illness, like MS.
Question: How is transverse myelitis related to multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Answer: Infections: Bacterial infections like Lyme disease, tuberculosis, and syphilis Fungal infections of the spinal cord, like aspergillus, blastomyces, coccidioides, and cryptococcus Parasites such as toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis, schistosomiasis, and angtiostrongyloid Viral Infections like varicella zoster, which causes chickenpox and shingles; enterovirus; and West Nile virus Multiple sclerosis ( MS): Transverse myelitis can be the first sign of MS, which destroys myelin in your brain and spinal cord. It can also signal a relapse. If it's early MS, you'll probably have symptoms on one side of your body only.
Question: What happens when you get a spinal tap to help diagnose transverse myelitis?
Answer: Spinal tap: For this test, your doctor puts a needle in between two vertebrae (bones in your back) to take a sample of the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord. If it has more disease-fighting white blood cells or certain proteins than it should, you might have an infection.
Question: When can the symptoms of transverse myelitis get worse?
Answer: The first symptoms are usually: Pain in your lower back Sharp pain that moves down your legs and arms or around your chest and belly Weakness or paralysis in your legs or arms Sensitivity to touch, to the point where slight fingertip pressure causes pain Numbness or a pins-and-needles feeling in your toes, feet, or legs Muscle spasms Fever Loss of appetite Bladder and bowel control issues Once they start, symptoms can get worse within hours. Most of the time, they peak within 10 days. At that point, about half the people who get transverse myelitis lose control of their legs. Most have some numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation in their back, belly, arms, or legs. Almost all lose some bladder control. How much of your body is affected depends on which part of your spinal cord has the problem. The higher it is, the more problems you'll have.
Question: What is the outlook on transverse myelitis?
Answer: About a third of people with transverse myelitis get better and don't have much permanent damage. They can walk normally and have only small lingering issues. Another third have problems walking. They also may have muscle spasms, a less sensitive sense of touch, or trouble controlling their bladder. Continue Reading Below The remaining third are no longer able to walk and need help with many everyday activities. Doctors don't know why transverse myelitis affects some people more than others. They do think that the faster your symptoms show up, the harder it may be for you to recover. Early treatment and physical therapy can help.
Question: How can steroids help with treating transverse myelitis?
Answer: Steroids: They'll ease inflammation in your spine. You might get pills or have it put directly into your veins.
Question: How can plasma exchange therapy help treat transverse myelitis?
Answer: Plasma exchange therapy: If steroids don't lower your inflammation, this treatment, also called plasmapheresis, might. The doctor will replace your blood plasma (the liquid part that holds the blood cells). This might get rid of something in it that's causing your immune system to attack your body and keep it from damaging other organs.
Question: How does magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnose transverse myelitis?
Answer: Your doctor will run tests to figure out if you have transverse myelitis or some other condition. Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) or computerized tomography ( CT) scan: These tests created detailed images of your insides. They'll show the doctor if something else is affecting your nerves, like a tumor, a slipped disk, or narrowing of the channel that holds your spinal cord.
Question: How does a spinal tap diagnose transverse myelitis?
Answer: Spinal tap: For this test, your doctor puts a needle in between two vertebrae (bones in your back) to take a sample of the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord. If it has more disease-fighting white blood cells or certain proteins than it should, you might have an infection.
Question: How many people get transverse myelitis?
Answer: Infections: Bacterial infections like Lyme disease, tuberculosis, and syphilis Fungal infections of the spinal cord, like aspergillus, blastomyces, coccidioides, and cryptococcus Parasites such as toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis, schistosomiasis, and angtiostrongyloid Viral Infections like varicella zoster, which causes chickenpox and shingles; enterovirus; and West Nile virus Multiple sclerosis ( MS): Transverse myelitis can be the first sign of MS, which destroys myelin in your brain and spinal cord. About 1,400 people a year get transverse myelitis, and about 33,000 people have some sort of disability as a result.
Question: What causes transverse myelitis?
Answer: More than half the time, doctors aren't sure what causes it. It's often linked to: Autoimmune conditions like lupus and Sjogren's syndrome that cause inflammation. Your doctor will run tests to figure out if you have transverse myelitis or some other condition.
Question: How can neuromyelitis optica cause transverse myelitis?
Answer: If you have this type, symptoms will show up on both sides of your body. Spinal tap: For this test, your doctor puts a needle in between two vertebrae (bones in your back) to take a sample of the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord.
Question: What are common signs of high-output heart failure?
Answer: They can include: Shortness of breath Tiredness or weakness Swelling in your feet, ankles, legs, or abdomen Lasting cough or wheezing Fast or irregular heartbeat Dizziness Confusion Having to go to the bathroom more often at night Nausea Lack of appetite To figure out if you have heart failure, your doctor will: Examine you Ask about your medical history Run some tests Those tests might include: Blood tests: Abnormal levels of important substances can show strain to organs due to heart failure.
Question: How will your doctor figure out if you have high-output heart failure?
Answer: They can include: Shortness of breath Tiredness or weakness Swelling in your feet, ankles, legs, or abdomen Lasting cough or wheezing Fast or irregular heartbeat Dizziness Confusion Having to go to the bathroom more often at night Nausea Lack of appetite To figure out if you have heart failure, your doctor will: Examine you Ask about your medical history Run some tests Those tests might include: Blood tests: Abnormal levels of important substances can show strain to organs due to heart failure.
Question: What causes high-output heart failure?
Answer: The things that lead to high-output heart failure are different from what brings other types of the condition. Many disorders make you need more blood to keep your organs working well. They include: Obesity Liver disease Anemia Hyperthyroidism Pregnancy Lung disease Septic shock Paget's disease Arteriovenous fistula Beriberi heart disease Common signs of high-output heart failure are similar to those of other types.
Question: What tests might your doctor suggest to find out if you have high-output heart failure?
Answer: They can include: Shortness of breath Tiredness or weakness Swelling in your feet, ankles, legs, or abdomen Lasting cough or wheezing Fast or irregular heartbeat Dizziness Confusion Having to go to the bathroom more often at night Nausea Lack of appetite To figure out if you have heart failure, your doctor will: Examine you Ask about your medical history Run some tests Those tests might include: Blood tests: Abnormal levels of important substances can show strain to organs due to heart failure. Electrocardiogram ( EKG): This records the electrical activity of your heart. Chest X-ray: It will let your doctor know if you have an enlarged heart. It can also show congestion. Echocardiogram: This uses sound waves to make a video image of your heart. Exercise test: You may hear this called a stress test. It will show any blockages or weakened arteries.
Question: What is high-output heart failure?
Answer: Usually, if you have heart failure, your heart isn't pumping enough blood through your body to help it work the way it should. With the high-output version, it's pumping a normal amount of blood -- or even more than normal. Still, your body isn't getting enough to help it work well. The things that lead to high-output heart failure are different from what brings other types of the condition. Many of the causes of high-output heart failure are curable.
Question: How is high-output heart failure treated?
Answer: The things that lead to high-output heart failure are different from what brings other types of the condition. It's a good idea to treat the underlying cause first. Your doctor may suggest other treatments, including a diet low in salt and water. You may also take diuretics (water pills) to help ease swelling. Taking traditional heart failure drugs will often not help. They can make things worse. There are medicines called vasoconstrictor adrenergics that can help by making your blood vessels smaller.
Question: What is cystic acne?
Answer: You get a pimple when a pore in your skin gets clogged, usually with dead skin cells. Sometimes bacteria get trapped inside the pore, too, causing the area to become red and swollen. var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && ! !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Cystic acne happens when this infection goes deep into your skin, creating a red, tender bump that's full of pus. It may hurt or itch. If a cyst bursts, the infection can spread, causing more breakouts.
Question: How is cystic acne treated?
Answer: Over-the-counter medicines that work on milder acne often have little effect on cystic acne. A dermatologist will likely recommend one or more of the following: Oral antibiotics help control bacteria and lower inflammation. Sometimes your acne may not respond to antibiotics, though. Or you may find they don't work as well after a few years. Birth-control pills help some women by regulating their hormones. Prescription-strength creams, lotions, or gels with retinoid, a form of vitamin A, can help unplug your pores and help antibiotics do their job. Isotretinoin (formally known as Accutane but now available as the brands Claravis, Sotret, Myorisan, Amnesteem, and Absorica) attacks all causes of acne. The recommended dosage for most of these medications is to take a pill once or twice daily for about 5 months. For most people, this clears the skin completely and permanently. If it recurs, you can repeat the treatment. Women should avoid becoming pregnant while taking this drug. Spironolactone is a medication that helps you get rid of unneeded water, but also is effective for cystic acne in women.
Question: Who can get cystic acne and where does it appear?
Answer: But it can strike someone as young as 8 or as old as 50. Your face, chest, back, upper arms, or shoulders can be affected. Severe cystic acne is more common in men, but women get it, too. Women often have cysts on the lower half of the face.
Question: What should I know about cystic acne?
Answer: But if you have large, red, and painful breakouts deep in your skin, it could mean you've developed something called cystic acne. These breakouts can be treated. Don't try to wait them out. Cystic acne can linger for years. It can affect large areas of your skin and leave permanent scars. A dermatologist can help you with a treatment plan.
Question: How can I treat cystic acne at home?
Answer: See More: Birth Control for Acne Don't touch cysts or pick at these blemishes. You may push the infection deeper and make it spread. Try to relax. Stress can cause your body to release more hormones, which can make acne worse. Follow a healthy lifestyle. Get plenty of sleep and exercise. Some research suggests that a low-glycemic diet, which limits sugar, can help symptoms.
Question: What causes cystic acne?
Answer: When you're a teenager, androgens increase. This leads to changes in your skin that can result in clogged pores and acne. In women, hormone changes can be brought on by menstrual cycles, pregnancy, menopause, or a condition called polycystic ovary syndrome. If one of your parents had severe cystic acne, you have a greater chance of getting it. Spironolactone is a medication that helps you get rid of unneeded water, but also is effective for cystic acne in women.
Question: What does a differential diagnosis mean for food allergies?
Answer: A differential diagnosis is the process of telling the difference between a food allergy, a food intolerance, and other illnesses. When you go to the doctor's office and say, " I think I have a food allergy," they have to consider a list of other things that could cause similar symptoms and be confused with a food allergy.
Question: Which food allergies are most common?
Answer: In adults, they include: Peanuts Tree nuts, such as walnuts Shellfish, including shrimp, crayfish, lobster, and crab For children, the food allergens that most often cause problems are: Eggs Milk Peanuts Adults usually don't lose their allergies, but children do sometimes. Kids are more likely to outgrow allergies to milk, eggs, and soy than to peanuts, fish, and shrimp. The foods that you'll react to are often those that you eat regularly. In Japan, for example, you'll find rice allergy. In Scandinavia, codfish allergy is common.
Question: How can food intolerances be tied to psychological triggers?
Answer: Some people may have a food intolerance with a psychological trigger. An unpleasant event, often during childhood, that's tied to eating a particular food can bring on a rush of unpleasant sensations when you eat that food later, even as an adult.
Question: How are patients with severe food allergies treated?
Answer: Even people who are very careful can make a mistake, so if you have severe food allergies, you must be prepared to treat an accidental exposure. If you've had anaphylactic reactions to a food, you should wear a medical alert bracelet or necklace. And you should carry two auto-injectors of epinephrine ( Adrenaclick, Auvi- Q, Epi Pen) and be ready to use them if you think a reaction is starting. Mild symptoms such as tingling in your mouth and throat or an upset stomach might not be an allergic reaction, but you should still give yourself an injection. It won't hurt, and it could save your life. Then call 911 or get a ride to the emergency room.
Question: What are sensitive food allergies like?
Answer: For highly allergic people, even tiny amounts of an allergen (as little as 1/44,000 of a peanut kernel) can trigger a reaction. Less-sensitive people may be able to have small amounts of a food that they're allergic to.
Question: What are the benefits of breastfeeding relative to food allergies?
Answer: Doctors recommend only breastfeeding infants for the first 4-6 months, if possible, for many reasons, but there's no proof that it prevents food allergies later in life. While some pregnant women may hope limiting their diets while they're pregnant or breastfeeding may help their children avoid allergies, the experts disagree and don't suggest it. Soy formula isn't a good way to prevent allergies either.
Question: Can food allergies cause certain disorders?
Answer: Although some people think certain illnesses can be caused by food allergies, evidence doesn't back up such claims. Histamines in cheese or red wine, for example, can trigger migraines. But we can't say that food allergies actually cause migraines. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis aren't made worse by foods. Food allergies don't cause "allergic tension fatigue syndrome," where people get tired, nervous, and may have problems concentrating or headaches.
Question: What are food allergens?
Answer: And since some food allergens aren't broken down by the heat of cooking or by stomach acids or enzymes that digest food, they can cross into your bloodstream. From there, they can travel and cause allergic reactions throughout your body.
Question: How is a sublingual provocative challenge used to diagnose food allergies?
Answer: You may feel itching in your mouth. Some techniques can't effectively identify food allergies. A technician then checks the sample under the microscope to see if white cells in the blood "die." Sublingual or subcutaneous provocative challenge. It's similar to a skin test, but the sample of food allergen goes under your tongue or gets injected under your skin.
Question: What should I know about food allergies or food intolerances?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } People often have an unpleasant reaction to something they ate and think they have a food allergy. A food allergy is caused by your immune system reacting to the food when it doesn't need to. With a food intolerance, your immune system isn't responsible. For example, being allergic to milk is different from not being able to digest it properly because of lactose intolerance. A differential diagnosis is the process of telling the difference between a food allergy, a food intolerance, and other illnesses. If you're extremely allergic and have severe reactions, skin testing could be dangerous. Some techniques can't effectively identify food allergies. At restaurants, you might have to ask about the ingredients that are in specific dishes or in the kitchen. Researchers have found that hyperactivity in children may be related to food additives, but only occasionally and only when the child has had a lot of them.
Question: What are non-approved treatments for food allergies?
Answer: The first time you eat a food you're allergic to, certain cells make a lot of Ig E for the part of the food that triggers your allergy, called an allergen. You regularly get small amounts of food extracts over a long period of time to help your body build up a kind of tolerance. But researchers haven't yet proven that allergy shots work for food allergies.