anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What increases my chances of getting a kidney infection?
Answer: Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better.
Question: What are the symptoms of a kidney infection?
Answer: Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better.
Question: What causes a kidney infection?
Answer: Usually, bacteria called E. coli cause the infection to begin with. Other bacteria can also cause kidney infections. It's rare, but you can also have an infection that gets in through your skin, makes its way into your blood, then travels to your kidney. You can get an infection after kidney surgery, too, but that's very uncommon.
Question: When should you call a doctor if you think you have kidney infection?
Answer: Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better. If you don't get treated, it could lead to kidney damage or blood infection, which is life-threatening. Also, if you're pregnant, a kidney infection can affect your baby.
Question: How is a kidney infection diagnosed?
Answer: After asking about your signs and symptoms, your doctor will likely start with a: Urine analysis to check for blood, pus, and bacteria in your pee Urine culture to see what kind of bacteria you have Your doctor may also use these tests: Ultrasound or CT: to check for a blockage in your urinary tract.
Question: What are kidney infections?
Answer: They're part of your urinary tract, which makes pee (urine) and removes it from your body. Like the exhaust system on your car, you want everything in good working order so waste moves in one direction only: out. The urinary tract is made up of your: Kidneys (to clean waste from your blood and make pee) Ureters (thin tubes, one for each kidney, that carry pee to your bladder) Bladder : (stores pee) Urethra: (carries pee from the bladder to outside your body) If any of these parts get bacteria in them, you can get a urinary tract infection ( UTI).
Question: What can I do to feel better from kidney infections?
Answer: Get extra rest. Sit on the toilet, don't squat over it, which can prevent your bladder from completely emptying Take a pain reliever with acetaminophen but avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Use a heating pad on your belly, back, or side You can't completely prevent all bladder infections. But you may be less likely to get one if you: Avoid deodorant sprays or douches on your genitals Don't use condoms or diaphragms with spermicide. Drink lots of water.
Question: Who does plasmapheresis for multiple sclerosis (MS) help?
Answer: Your chance of seeing improvement of MS symptoms is greater if you have a relapsing form of MS and: You're a man. You have Marburg variant MS. Treatment begins within 20 days after your symptoms start. But simpler, less costly treatments often work for MS, so your doctor will probably try those first. For a severe MS attack, your doctor will probably prescribe high doses of anti-inflammatory steroids. If that doesn't relieve your symptoms, then plasma exchange is a short-term option.
Question: How long does plasma treatment last for?
Answer: Most treatments last 2 to 4 hours, depending on how big your body is and how much plasma gets swapped out. You may need two or three treatments each week for 2 or more weeks.
Question: What other diseases does plasmapheresis help?
Answer: Plasma exchange hasn't been shown to help primary progressive or secondary progressive MS. It may also help treat other diseases that damage the coating around your spinal cord and nerves, such as Guillain- BarrÃ© syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and myasthenia gravis. After plasma exchange, people with Guillain- BarrÃ© syndrome or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy are more likely to regain muscle strength and walk without help.
Question: What groups will plasma exchange help in treatment for multiple sclerosis?
Answer: Your chance of seeing improvement of MS symptoms is greater if you have a relapsing form of MS and: You're a man. You have Marburg variant MS. Treatment begins within 20 days after your symptoms start.
Question: When does someone with multiple sclerosis (MS) use plasma exchange?
Answer: People with some forms of multiple sclerosis use plasma exchange to manage sudden, severe attacks, sometimes called relapses or flare-ups. Their plasma could have certain proteins that are attacking their own body. When you take out the plasma, you get rid of those proteins, and symptoms may get better.
Question: Are there side effects and risks of plasma exchange?
Answer: During plasma exchange, your blood pressure is lower than usual. This can make you feel weak, dizzy, or nauseous. Drink lots of water in the days before your treatment, because that can help prevent these symptoms.
Question: Are there detrimental side effects of plasma exchange?
Answer: Plasma exchange can cause bleeding and allergic reactions, and it can make your chance of getting an infection higher. In rare cases, a blood clot could form in the machine.
Question: Will I feel tired after plasma treatment?
Answer: You may feel tired after plasma exchange, but most people can get back to their normal activities right away.
Question: What are the side effects and risks associated with plasmapheresis?
Answer: During plasma exchange, your blood pressure is lower than usual. This can make you feel weak, dizzy, or nauseous. Drink lots of water in the days before your treatment, because that can help prevent these symptoms. You may feel tired after plasma exchange, but most people can get back to their normal activities right away. Plasma exchange can cause bleeding and allergic reactions, and it can make your chance of getting an infection higher. In rare cases, a blood clot could form in the machine.
Question: Are there simple, less costly treatments for multiple sclerosis?
Answer: But simpler, less costly treatments often work for MS, so your doctor will probably try those first. For a severe MS attack, your doctor will probably prescribe high doses of anti-inflammatory steroids. If that doesn't relieve your symptoms, then plasma exchange is a short-term option.
Question: How does plasmapheresis for multiple sclerosis (MS) work?
Answer: When you take out the plasma, you get rid of those proteins, and symptoms may get better. A nurse or a specialist will put a needle attached to a thin tube, called a catheter, into a vein in each arm. If your arm veins are too small, you may have to have a needle in your shoulder or groin instead. Your blood comes out through one of the tubes and goes into a machine that separates your plasma from your blood cells. Then your blood cells get mixed with fresh plasma, and the new blood mixture goes back into your body through the other tube. Most treatments last 2 to 4 hours, depending on how big your body is and how much plasma gets swapped out. You may need two or three treatments each week for 2 or more weeks. In rare cases, a blood clot could form in the machine.
Question: What is plasma exchange?
Answer: Then your blood cells get mixed with fresh plasma, and the new blood mixture goes back into your body through the other tube. During plasma exchange, your blood pressure is lower than usual.
Question: What is plasmapheresis?
Answer: Then your blood cells get mixed with fresh plasma, and the new blood mixture goes back into your body through the other tube. During plasma exchange, your blood pressure is lower than usual.
Question: What do I need to know about periorbital cellulitis?
Answer: Adults can get it, but children under 2 are most likely to have it. It happens when bacteria attack the soft tissue around your eye, including your eyelid. These germs can get into your skin through a cut or scratch, or they can get to the area through an infection in your sinuses. It also can be a reaction to a stye (a tender bump on your eyelid that forms when a gland on your eyelid gets infected). Periorbital cellulitis is sometimes called preseptal cellulitis because it happens outside a part of your skull called the orbital septum. A layer of tissue keeps the infection from spreading to your eye, so it usually doesn't affect your vision.
Question: What are symptoms of periorbital cellulitis?
Answer: The most common signs of periorbital cellulitis are: Redness and swelling around the eye A cut, scratch, or insect bite near the eye The skin in the affected area is tender to the touch and might feel a little tough. The white of the eye might look red. Periorbital cellulitis doesn't cause a fever or pain. If you or your child has a fever and swelling and it hurts to move the affected eye, get medical help right away. These things can be caused by a more serious condition called orbital cellulitis that affects the eye itself.
Question: What foods should you eat in the days before a colonoscopy?
Answer: Your list may include: A prescription or over-the-counter laxative specified by your doctor Low-fiber food Sports drinks, juices, and broths Moist wipes Diaper cream You can help the cleansing process by eating light 3 or 4 days before the procedure. Doctors recommend low-fiber foods that are easy to digest and leave your system quickly. You can have: White bread, pasta, and rice Well-cooked vegetables without skin Fruit without skin or seeds Lean meat, chicken, or fish Eggs Don't eat: Seeds, nuts, or popcorn Fatty foods Tough meat Whole grains Raw vegetables Fruit with seeds or peel Corn, broccoli, cabbage, beans, or peas At this point you should stop taking vitamins or other supplements.
Question: Should you stop taking supplements and medication before a colonoscopy?
Answer: You can have: White bread, pasta, and rice Well-cooked vegetables without skin Fruit without skin or seeds Lean meat, chicken, or fish Eggs Don't eat: Seeds, nuts, or popcorn Fatty foods Tough meat Whole grains Raw vegetables Fruit with seeds or peel Corn, broccoli, cabbage, beans, or peas At this point you should stop taking vitamins or other supplements. Ask your doctor whether and when you should stop taking any prescription medicines you use regularly, and any over-the-counter anti-inflammatory or blood thinning meds you may use.
Question: What is required for a colonoscopy to be accurate?
Answer: To make that happen, you'll have to fast and use strong laxatives beforehand. It's inconvenient and somewhat unpleasant, but it's temporary, and it might help save your life. Here's how to make the process as smooth as possible. Your doctor is your best source of information about how to get ready.
Question: What are some tricks to help get the solution down in preparation for a colonoscopy?
Answer: Keep it well chilled. Drink it through a straw placed far back on your tongue. Follow it with a sip of something good tasting. Suck on a lemon slice or piece of hard candy after drinking.
Question: How should you plan for a colonoscopy?
Answer: Here's how to make the process as smooth as possible. Your doctor is your best source of information about how to get ready. When you schedule the procedure, you'll get instructions. Read them over well before your appointment, and call your doctor if you have any questions. Clear your schedule for the evening before and the day of your colonoscopy, and make plans for someone to go with you the day of the colonoscopy. Shop for some key supplies several days ahead, too. Your list may include: A prescription or over-the-counter laxative specified by your doctor Low-fiber food Sports drinks, juices, and broths Moist wipes Diaper cream You can help the cleansing process by eating light 3 or 4 days before the procedure.
Question: What should be eaten the day before a colonoscopy?
Answer: The day before your procedure you can't eat anything solid.you can only consume clear (see-through) liquids. It is important to stay hydrated by drinking lots of clear liquids, such as sports drinks, clear juice like apple and white grape, and clear broth. Soda is OK, and so are coffee and tea, but without cream. You can have gelatin and ice pops, but stay away from anything colored red, blue, or purple. The dyes can discolor the lining of the colon and make it harder for the doctor to see. Also avoid alcohol and drinks you can't see through, like milk or orange juice. Two to four hours before the procedure, be sure not to drink or eat anything (please consult your doctor on the exact time stop consuming clear liquids)..
Question: What will start to happen when the laxative kicks in for a colonoscopy?
Answer: You may have cramps and bloating. If you have hemorrhoids, they may become irritated. You may also feel nauseated and even vomit. If so, your doctor may recommend you take a short break. Try these tips to make yourself as comfortable as possible: Stay in the bathroom -- bring something to entertain yourself, like a book, television, or laptop. Apply diaper cream before the diarrhea starts.
Question: What is one of the best ways to spot colon cancer?
Answer: Often that's because they're afraid of what they have to go through to get ready for it. Your doctor is your best source of information about how to get ready.
Question: What will help make the purging process more comfortable in preparation for a colonoscopy?
Answer: Here's how to make the process as smooth as possible. Once the laxative starts working, you'll have frequent, forceful diarrhea. Try these tips to make yourself as comfortable as possible: Stay in the bathroom -- bring something to entertain yourself, like a book, television, or laptop.
Question: What should be done the night before a colonoscopy?
Answer: To make that happen, you'll have to fast and use strong laxatives beforehand. Then you'll get up about 6 hours before your appointment to drink another half-gallon.
Question: What are the best foods to eat if you have type 1 diabetes?
Answer: The American Diabetes Association suggests you eat these tasty items. They're low in carbs (also known as low glycemic index foods). And they're high in key nutrients like calcium, potassium, fiber, magnesium, and other vitamins. Beans Dark green leafy vegetables Citrus fruit Sweet potatoes Berries Tomatoes Fish high in omega-3 fatty acids (like salmon) Whole grains Nuts Fat-free yogurt and milk
Question: Can I eat sugar if I have type 1 diabetes?
Answer: But type 1 is caused by genetics and other factors. Still, many sweet foods have a lot of carbs, and that can affect your blood sugar. If a food is "sugar free," that doesn't mean it also has fewer carbs or calories. Read the label so you can count how many carbs you're getting. You may want to consider foods and drinks that use low-calorie or artificial sweeteners. They can satisfy your sweet tooth without the extra carbs and calories.
Question: How can sugar affect your type 1 diabetes?
Answer: But type 1 is caused by genetics and other factors. Still, many sweet foods have a lot of carbs, and that can affect your blood sugar. If a food is "sugar free," that doesn't mean it also has fewer carbs or calories. Read the label so you can count how many carbs you're getting. You may want to consider foods and drinks that use low-calorie or artificial sweeteners. They can satisfy your sweet tooth without the extra carbs and calories.
Question: How can carbohydrates affect your type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Carbs raise your blood sugar levels faster than any food. How many and what type of carbohydrate foods you eat can affect how well you manage your diabetes.
Question: Why does diet matter if you have type 1 diabetes?
Answer: With type 1 diabetes, your body stops making insulin. So you take insulin every day either through shots or a pump. It's also key to track your blood sugar levels. Insulin is only part of the picture. Diet and exercise also play important roles in helping keep your blood sugar levels stable. When you make healthy food choices and eat consistent amounts through the day, it can help control your sugars. It can also lower your chance of diabetes-related problems like heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage.
Question: What are some general guidelines for what to eat if you have type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Follow some general guidelines: Eat less unhealthy fat. Cut back on the saturated fats you find in high-fat meats like bacon and regular ground beef, as well as full-fat dairy like whole milk and butter. Unhealthy fats raise your chance of heart disease. With diabetes, you face higher-than-average odds of getting heart disease. Make smart food choices to lower that risk. Get enough fiber. It may help control your blood sugar. You can get fiber from whole grains, beans, and fruits and vegetables. Try to get 25-30 grams a day. Those high-fiber foods are always better choices than low-fiber carbs such as refined 'white' grains and processed sugary foods.
Question: Which foods have carbohydrates?
Answer: Carbohydrates are your body's main source of energy. You get them from many foods, like grains (pasta, bread, crackers, and cookies), fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and sugars.
Question: What are general diet guidelines for people with type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Follow some general guidelines: Eat less unhealthy fat. Cut back on the saturated fats you find in high-fat meats like bacon and regular ground beef, as well as full-fat dairy like whole milk and butter. Unhealthy fats raise your chance of heart disease. With diabetes, you face higher-than-average odds of getting heart disease. Make smart food choices to lower that risk. Get enough fiber. It may help control your blood sugar. You can get fiber from whole grains, beans, and fruits and vegetables. Try to get 25-30 grams a day. Those high-fiber foods are always better choices than low-fiber carbs such as refined 'white' grains and processed sugary foods.
Question: How can counting carbs affect your type 1 diabetes?
Answer: How many and what type of carbohydrate foods you eat can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Counting carbs helps you keep track of how many carbs you eat. You can work with your doctor or a dietitian to figure out how many grams of carbs you should eat for each meal and snack. You can use the food label, a food exchange app, or other reference to count up the grams of carbs in foods.
Question: Why do carbohydrates matter for people with type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Carbohydrates are your body's main source of energy. You get them from many foods, like grains (pasta, bread, crackers, and cookies), fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and sugars. Carbs raise your blood sugar levels faster than any food. How many and what type of carbohydrate foods you eat can affect how well you manage your diabetes.
Question: What should you eat if you have type 1 diabetes?
Answer: But when you have type 1, you can eat the same healthy diet as everyone else. If a food is "sugar free," that doesn't mean it also has fewer carbs or calories.
Question: Do I have to cut out foods if I have diabetes?
Answer: It's important to eat a healthy diet when you have type 1 diabetes. That doesn't mean you can't enjoy tasty food, including some of your favorites. You can work with your doctor or a dietitian to figure out how many grams of carbs you should eat for each meal and snack.
Question: What are the most common areas for pain from sickle cell disease?
Answer: You may have pain anywhere in your body and in more than one place. The most common areas are: Arms Belly Chest Legs Lower back A pain crisis can last anywhere from hours to weeks.
Question: What are the symptoms of sickle cell disease?
Answer: But when you have sickle cell disease, the abnormal hemoglobin creates stiff, sickle-shaped red blood cells. Usually, they first appear when a child is about five to six months old. Early signs in babies are: Extreme fussiness Painful swelling of the hands and feet due to blockage of blood flow. Your doctor may call this "dactylitis." Yellow skin and whites of the eyes (also called jaundice or icterus) With sickle cell disease, you don't have enough healthy red blood cells. This is a condition called anemia. If they block the blood vessels in your eyes, you can develop vision problems.
Question: What causes pain from sickle cell disease?
Answer: These events trigger the symptoms of sickle cell disease. The deformed blood cells can get stuck in and block your blood vessels. When this happens, oxygen-rich blood cannot reach key organs and tissues. The result is a sudden pain attack, called a pain crisis. The pain may feel sharp, stabbing, intense, or throbbing. Some people with sickle cell disease say it's worse than childbirth or the pain after surgery.