anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How should you blow your nose if you have stuffy ears and sinuses?
Answer: Clogged sinuses can mean more than a stuffy nose. Blow your nose gently.
Question: Why should I consider switching up my workout, and what can that do for me?
Answer: You may have gotten so used to your routine that it's simply too easy now. To get faster or stronger, or just beat boredom, it's time to change things up. It's a fact: The best way to keep building muscle mass or burn calories is to make it a habit to switch up your workout -- especially when you notice that your current plan has become comfy. It keeps you on your toes. You're ready to turn your walks into jogs, lift heavier weights, or swim faster than you might have thought you ever would.
Question: How can a professional trainer or a friend help me boost my workout?
Answer: They can tweak your plan, whether you're working toward a marathon or you want to lose those last 10 pounds. And they can make sure you don't make too many changes, too fast. If you're not interested in hiring someone -- maybe getting professional help seems too expensive or time-consuming -- you could team up with a workout buddy. It makes you more likely to stick with the plan and show up. For the best results, pick a partner who's slightly fitter than you are. Research shows that working out with a person who's in better shape can motivate you to push yourself harder.
Question: What is the FITT principle, and how can it improve my workouts?
Answer: Use the " FITT" principle of exercise -- frequency, intensity, time, and type -- to guide you. Frequency: How many days a week do you work out? Intensity: How hard do you exercise? Do you reach your target heart rate? That will help you boost your fitness. Your target heart rate zone is 50% to 85% of that. Type: What specific exercises are you doing? Consider going from walking to jogging, jogging to running, or add a completely new activity -- biking, swimming, Pilates, weight training, etc. Consider a session or two, or more, with a certified personal trainer or exercise physiologist.
Question: What does it mean if muscle enzymes are too high in relation to rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: What it means: You might have an inflammatory muscle disease. Higher levels of CPK can also show up after trauma, injections into a muscle, muscle disease due to an underactive thyroid, and while taking certain medications such as cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins.
Question: What is the complement system in relation to rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer: Other conditions you might have: Lupus Heart attack Muscular dystrophy Early pregnancy Complement What it measures: More than 30 blood proteins that work together in your immune system during an inflammatory response. What's normal: Serum CH50: 30-75 U/m L (units per milliliter) Serum C3: Men: 88-252 mg/d L (milligrams per deciliter) Women: 88-206 mg/d L Serum C4: Men: 12-72 mg/d L Women: 13-75 mg/d L What it means: Lower levels of all three components signal lupus and vasculitis, or inflamed blood vessels. If you have lupus with kidney disease, your doctor may continue to give you this test because levels rise and fall along with disease activity. What it means: You have a form of vasculitis, or inflamed blood vessels.
Question: What blood markers are used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
Answer: But people who don't have RA can have rheumatoid factor. In general, if you have RA but don't have high RF, your disease will be less severe. Levels are high in people who have RA or those who are about to get it. If you have anti- CCP antibodies, your rheumatoid arthritis might be more severe.
Question: What does the presence of HLA-B27 mean?
Answer: What's normal: 0-20 u/m L (units per milliliter of blood) What's high: 20 u/m L or higher What it means: About 70% to 90% of people with a high reading have RA. Other conditions you might have: The profile helps your doctor look for diseases such as: Lupus Scleroderma SjÃ¶gren's syndrome HLA- B27 What it measures: A protein on the surface of white blood cells. What it means: HLA- B27 is a gene that's linked to a group of conditions (you might hear it called a genetic marker) known as spondyloarthropathies.
Question: Are there tests that determine the severity of arthritic inflammation?
Answer: Other conditions you might have: A high ESR rate doesn't point to any particular disease, but it's a general sign of the amount of inflammation in the body. It could be tied to disease activity if you have: Polymyalgia rheumatica Systemic vasculitis Temporal arteritis C- Reactive Protein ( CRP) What it measures: A protein your liver makes when inflammation is present. A high level suggests significant inflammation or injury in your body. Doctors also use this test after you're diagnosed to monitor disease activity and to understand how well your treatment is working. If you have lupus with kidney disease, your doctor may continue to give you this test because levels rise and fall along with disease activity.
Question: What is the benefit of a laparoscopic approach for colorectal cancer?
Answer: The benefit of using a laparoscopic approach is that you will likely experience less pain and scarring after surgery, a more rapid recovery, and less risk of infection than with an open surgery through a large incision.
Question: How is laparoscopic surgery done for colorectal cancer?
Answer: Until recently, all bowel or intestinal surgery was done through long abdominal incisions, which often resulted in a painful and lengthy recovery. In the early 1990s, doctors started using a laparoscope, an instrument that had primarily been used to treat gynecological problems and gallbladder disease, to perform certain types of bowel surgery. Rather than making long incisions common in traditional "open" surgery, laparoscopic surgery requires only small incisions to perform the same operation. Another type of laparoscopic surgery is called hand-assisted and allows for one of the surgeons hands to be inserted into the abdominal cavity while still viewing the procedure with the laparoscope.
Question: How is fecal diversion done for colorectal cancer?
Answer: This procedure is used to create an ileostomy (opening between the surface of the skin and the small intestine) or colostomy (opening between the surface of the skin and the colon). This is often used as a temporary measure to allow for healing of an infection, recent surgery, or chronic inflammation.
Question: What are the surgical options to treat colorectal cancer?
Answer: Colorectal surgeons have used laparoscopy to treat the following conditions: Crohn's disease Colon cancers Diverticulitis Familial polyposis Certain colon polyps that cannot be removed by colonoscopy Bowel leakage or fecal incontinence Rectal prolapse Ulcerative colitis Certain rectal cancers There are several types of surgery which may be used to treat colorectal cancer: Partial colectomy. As the name suggests, this is when the surgeon removes only part of the colon. The remaining parts will be joined together in a procedure that doctors call anastamosis. If you have a partial colectomy, then your bowel habits should go back to being pretty much the way they were before you had the cancer. Right colectomy, or Ileocolectomy. During a right colectomy, the right side of the colon is removed. During an ileocolectomy, the last segment of the small intestine - which is attached to the right side of the colon, called the ileum, is also removed. Abdominoperineal resection. This is an operation in which the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon are removed. A permanent colostomy is required, as the anus is removed. Proctosigmoidectomy. In this operation, the diseased section of the rectum and sigmoid colon is removed. Total abdominal colectomy. A total abdominal colectomy is an operation that removes the entire large intestine. Total proctocolectomy. This is the most extensive bowel operation performed and involves the removal of both the rectum and the colon. If the surgeon is able to leave the anus and it works properly, then sometimes an ileal pouch (see below) can be created so that you can go to the bathroom as you did before you had cancer. However, often a permanent ileostomy (see below) is needed, particularly if the anus must be removed, is weak, or has been damaged.
Question: What is a polypectomy for colorectal cancer?
Answer: Polypectomy is a procedure in which polyps -- small growths on the inner lining of the colon -- are removed during a colonoscopy, a procedure in which a special instrument (the colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum to view the rectum and colon.
Question: How are stomas or ostomies done for colorectal cancer?
Answer: A stoma is an opening of some part of the bowel onto the skin. A colostomy is an opening of the colon onto the skin and an ileostomy is an opening of the ileum (or small intestine) onto the skin. A colostomy or an ileostomy may be permanent or temporary. Permanent stomas are made when stool cannot go through its normal route after surgery. Temporary stomas are made to keep stool away from a damaged or recently operated area while healing occurs. The stool that comes out of a stoma is collected in a bag.
Question: How is an ileal (J) pouch done for colorectal cancer?
Answer: To replace the rectum and provide a place to store the stool before going to the bathroom after a total proctocolectomy (see above), surgeons can sometimes create a pouch out of the end of the small intestine called the ileum. There are different forms of the ileal pouch, named after the shape in which the end of the small intestine is placed before it is sewn (or stapled) to make a pouch. The most common form is the " J" pouch. Creating the pouch is complicated and it sometimes doesn't work. To improve your chances, the surgeon will make a temporary ileostomy to allow the pouch to heal without having to defend itself from a stream of stool. Usually, the temporary ileostomy can be reversed after about two to three months.
Question: How do colorectal surgeons use laparoscopy?
Answer: Colorectal surgeons have used laparoscopy to treat the following conditions: Crohn's disease Colon cancers Diverticulitis Familial polyposis Certain colon polyps that cannot be removed by colonoscopy Bowel leakage or fecal incontinence Rectal prolapse Ulcerative colitis Certain rectal cancers There are several types of surgery which may be used to treat colorectal cancer: Partial colectomy.
Question: What is laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer?
Answer: Laparoscopic surgery The word "laparoscopy" means to look inside the abdominal cavity with a special camera or scope. To perform laparoscopy, between 3 and 6 small (5-10 mm) incisions are made in the abdomen. The laparoscope and special laparoscopic instruments are inserted through these small incisions. The surgeon is then guided by the laparoscope, which transmits a picture of the intestinal organs on a video monitor.
Question: How is a K pouch done for colorectal cancer?
Answer: K pouch. The K pouch is also known as the "continent ileostomy." Unlike the J pouch (see below), which is attached to the anus to allow you to go to the bathroom the usual way, the K pouch is a fancy form of an ileostomy. Unlike a usual ileostomy which needs to be attached to a bag outside the body, the K pouch provides a reservoir for the stool and adds a nipple valve to prevent the stool from leaking. The pouch is emptied by inserting a stiff catheter through the stoma, which is covered with gauze in between emptying. One problem with the pouch, and the reason it is not very popular among surgeons, is that the valve often comes undone, or slips, and another operation is needed to repair it. The surgery is very complex and long-term problems are common.
Question: What is a resection for colorectal cancer?
Answer: Resection involves the removal of part, or all, of the colon along with the cancer and its attaching tissues.
Question: What is a local excision for colorectal cancer?
Answer: The procedure involves removing the cancer and some tissue of the wall of the rectum. It may be done through the anus (the opening of the rectum) or through a small cut in the rectum. The procedure does not require major abdominal surgery. Colorectal surgeons have used laparoscopy to treat the following conditions: Crohn's disease Colon cancers Diverticulitis Familial polyposis Certain colon polyps that cannot be removed by colonoscopy Bowel leakage or fecal incontinence Rectal prolapse Ulcerative colitis Certain rectal cancers There are several types of surgery which may be used to treat colorectal cancer: Partial colectomy.
Question: How effective is an IUD as emergency contraception?
Answer: An IUD can be inserted to prevent pregnancy.
Question: Where can you get emergency contraception?
Answer: Some doctors will prescribe ECPs over the phone and call the prescription in to a pharmacy. As mentioned above, levonorgestrel is available at pharmacies without a prescription.
Question: How effective is Plan B One-Step as an emergency contraception?
Answer: If levonorgestrel is taken as directed after unprotected sex, it will decrease the chances of a pregnancy occurring. About 7 out of every 8 women who would have gotten pregnant do not become pregnant. However, research shows that levonorgestrel starts to lose its effectiveness in women who are overweight or obese. Instead, an IUD is the suggested option in this group.
Question: Can emergency contraception protect me from contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDS)?
Answer: Emergency contraception will not protect you from contracting an STD, such as HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The best way to avoid getting STDs is to limit sexual contact to one uninfected partner. If that is not an option, use a latex condom correctly every time you have sex.
Question: Who should not use emergency contraceptives?
Answer: Emergency contraception -- also called postcoital contraception -- is a form of birth control that may be used by women who have had unprotected sex or used a birth control method that failed. Levonorgestrel will not affect an implanted pregnancy. Ella should not be used by women who are already pregnant or may be pregnant. The risk to a human fetus is unknown. Animal studies have demonstrated risk of fetal loss.
Question: How can lung cancer treatments affect the mouth?
Answer: Lung cancer and its treatments can affect your day-to-day life in different ways. If you know you will be getting those treatments, visit your dentist as soon as possible to make sure your mouth is in good shape.
Question: How can you prevent atrial fibrillation (AFib) complications?
Answer: A few healthy habits can help you avoid the other health problems that AFib can cause. Eat a heart- and brain-healthy diet. Limit salt, and saturated and trans fats. Make fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein the majority of your diet. Exercise on most days of the week. Ask your doctor to recommend a fitness plan that's safe for your heart. Manage blood pressure and cholesterol with diet, exercise, and medicine if you need it. If you smoke, ask your doctor for advice on how to quit. Limit alcohol and caffeine.
Question: How can atrial fibrillation (AFib) cause cardiomyopathy?
Answer: AFib makes the ventricles beat faster to push blood out of the heart. Beating too fast for a long time can make the heart muscle too weak to pump enough blood to your body. This is called cardiomyopathy. Medicines for AFib like beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers slow your heart rate. These drugs can help prevent cardiomyopathy.
Question: How can atrial fibrillation (AFib) cause strokes?
Answer: That means blood can pool inside the heart. Clumps of blood called clots can form there, too. A clot that forms in the atria can travel to the brain. If it gets stuck in an artery, it can block blood flow and cause a stroke.
Question: How can atrial fibrillation (AFib) cause fatigue?
Answer: Your body needs a steady supply of oxygen-rich blood to work properly. When your heart can't pump enough, you'll feel tired. If fluid builds up in your lungs because of heart failure, that can add to your exhaustion.
Question: What can lower your chances of getting heart failure?
Answer: To lower your chances of getting heart failure, manage these four key things: Keep your blood pressure in a normal range. Stay at a healthy weight with diet and exercise. Don't smoke. Control your blood sugar if you have diabetes.
Question: How can atrial fibrillation (AFib) cause heart failure?
Answer: That prevents it from pumping blood as well as it should. After a while, the effort of pumping makes your heart so weak, it can't send out as much blood as your body needs. This is called heart failure. Blood can get backed up in the veins of your lungs and cause fluid to build up there. That causes symptoms like fatigue and shortness of breath.
Question: What foods can help me manage my diabetes?
Answer: If you have diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, it's critical that you carefully control your blood sugar levels. Choose from: Fresh fruits and vegetables Cooked dried beans and peas Whole-grain breads, cereals, and crackers Brown rice Bran products It's important to eat foods that are low in animal fat.
Question: What foods should I avoid if I have neuropathy and diabetes?
Answer: Ask your doctor for an exercise routine that is right for you. Avoid high-salt foods, which can cause high blood pressure: Salt Boxed mixes of potatoes, rice, pasta Canned meats Canned soups and vegetables Processed and packaged foods (lunch meat, sausage, bacon, ham) Salty snack foods such as chips and pretzels
Question: Can I exercise if I have neuropathy?
Answer: Your doctor can get you started on an exercise program that won't be hard on your feet - such as walking, swimming, biking, or yoga. You may need to limit exercises that are hard on your feet, such as running or aerobics. People with neuropathy -- especially those with bone deformities -- should always wear well-fitted shoes to avoid pressure sores and ulcers on the foot. Alcohol can worsen peripheral neuropathy and make it hard to control your blood sugar levels.
Question: Can I smoke if I have diabetes and neuropathy?
Answer: If you have diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, it's critical that you carefully control your blood sugar levels. Ask your doctor for an exercise routine that is right for you. Smoking makes circulatory problems worse, and it worsens the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Talk to your doctor about ways to quit smoking. Alcohol can worsen peripheral neuropathy and make it hard to control your blood sugar levels.
Question: Can I drink alcohol if I have diabetes and neuropathy?
Answer: Smoking makes circulatory problems worse, and it worsens the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Carefully limit alcohol. Alcohol can worsen peripheral neuropathy and make it hard to control your blood sugar levels.
Question: How is IBS-D diagnosed?
Answer: There isn't a test that tells you if you have IBS- D (or any kind of IBS). Instead, your doctor will look at your health history and symptoms. If you've had abdominal pain and other signs of IBS for at least 3 months, you may have it. If you have other symptoms, like rectal bleeding, weight loss, or a family history of gastrointestinal cancer, your doctor may want you to have tests to rule out other possibilities. These can include a blood test to check for celiac disease and a colonoscopy to check for abnormal growths and signs of cancer.
Question: How does relieving stress help treat IBS-D?
Answer: Stress relief: The link between stress and IBS is complicated. Stress and related issues like anxiety and depression don't cause IBS. But they can make symptoms like diarrhea worse. That's why it's important to try to find effective ways to manage your mood. Exercise can help you feel better and improve the way your bowel functions, too. Massage, yoga, hypnotherapy, and forms of talk therapy can help with stress, which may lessen your symptoms.
Question: Do over-the-counter medications affectively treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Over-the-counter medications: Anti-diarrhea medications like loperamide ( Imodium) may help. Peppermint oil supplements may reduce cramping. Some experts believe probiotics (âgoodâ bacteria, which you can get in supplement form or from foods like pickles and sauerkraut) can help relieve IBS symptoms, including diarrhea.
Question: Is there a cure for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Exercise can help you feel better and improve the way your bowel functions, too.
Question: How is eluxadoline used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Eluxadoline ( Viberzi) may help reduce bowel contractions, belly cramps, and diarrhea. It's also important to note that this is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance. This means, among other things, that you'll have to have a new prescription from your doctor each time you need it.
Question: Do stress relief techniques affectively treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Stress relief: The link between stress and IBS is complicated. Stress and related issues like anxiety and depression don't cause IBS. But they can make symptoms like diarrhea worse. That's why it's important to try to find effective ways to manage your mood. Exercise can help you feel better and improve the way your bowel functions, too. Massage, yoga, hypnotherapy, and forms of talk therapy can help with stress, which may lessen your symptoms.
Question: What diet changes can help treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Possible treatments include: Diet changes: Foods and beverages don't cause IBS- D, but some may trigger your symptoms or make them worse. Alcohol, drinks with caffeine (like coffee and soda), carbonated drinks, chocolate, sorbitol (an artificial sweetener used in some gums and mints), fried food, and milk products may make IBS-related diarrhea worse.
Question: What causes IBS-D?
Answer: Researchers don't know what causes IBS or IBS- D. We do know that women are more likely to have it than men, and it's more common in adults under 50. If you have a family member with IBS, your odds of getting IBS or IBS- D go up. With IBS, your colon is more sensitive than normal. It can react to things like stress, bacteria, and even certain foods. Your brain also plays a role and may respond too much to signals that control your colon. The result: Your intestines squeeze too hard, making food move too quickly through your system. That can cause pain, diarrhea, and other problems like gas.
Question: What causes irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: If you have a family member with IBS, your odds of getting IBS or IBS- D go up. With IBS, your colon is more sensitive than normal. It can react to things like stress, bacteria, and even certain foods. Your brain also plays a role and may respond too much to signals that control your colon. The result: Your intestines squeeze too hard, making food move too quickly through your system. That can cause pain, diarrhea, and other problems like gas.
Question: Are antidepressants used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: If you have a family member with IBS, your odds of getting IBS or IBS- D go up. Your brain also plays a role and may respond too much to signals that control your colon.
Question: How do anticholinergic dicyclomine and hyoscyamine treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: Make sure your doctor is in the picture. Eluxadoline ( Viberzi) may help reduce bowel contractions, belly cramps, and diarrhea.
Question: How is rifaximin used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)?
Answer: That can cause pain, diarrhea, and other problems like gas. You take it for 2 weeks at a time. The treatment can be repeated up to two times if the symptoms come back.