anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What problems can happen after LASIK?
Answer: Your eye doctor can correct it with glasses, contact lenses, or surgery. Once he covers your eyes with transparent shields, you're ready to go home. Most people who have LASIK are happy with the results. But there are some potential downsides to LASIK: The procedure could over- or under-correct your vision, which will require follow-up surgery. You may see a glare around lights at night. You might think this would be confusing, but most people adjust easily. You can wear contact lenses or handheld lenses to see what it'll be like before you get the surgery. If you have more severe astigmatism, you may have laser surgery instead.
Question: How can eyeglass lenses help with treating astigmatism?
Answer: The measurements tell your doctor about the shape of your cornea and how well it can focus. They work well when you look straight ahead. But depending on how much correction you need, they might make the floor or walls look tilted. This should go away as you get used to them. If you have severe astigmatism it might take a week or so. If your sight doesn't get better, ask your doctor to recheck your prescription.
Question: What is a phoropter?
Answer: The doctor will swing that big lens machine (it's called a phoropter) in front of your face. You'll look through it and tell him which lens choice helps you see the best. Sometimes, the doctor looks at your eye through a handheld device called a retinoscope. Then he'll offer you different choices in lenses through the phoropter to refine the fix until you can see the vision chart clearly. After he measures both eyes, he'll give you a prescription for glasses or contacts.
Question: How is astigmatism diagnosed?
Answer: A diagnosis starts with a visit to the eye doctor. Keratometry. This machine measures the bend in the center of your cornea. It determines the steepest and the flattest curves. The measurements tell your doctor about the shape of your cornea and how well it can focus. The doctor also uses the keratometer to fit contact lenses and to check your cornea after eye surgery.
Question: How effective is chromium for the treatment of diabetes?
Answer: But chromium is found in many healthy foods, such as green vegetables, nuts, and grains. Studies have suggested that biotin, also called vitamin H, when used with chromium, may improve glucose metabolism in people with diabetes. But no studies have shown that biotin by itself is helpful.
Question: How can you track your own sugar levels to help with treatment for diabetes?
Answer: By checking your own blood sugar levels, you can track your body's changing needs for insulin and work with your doctor to figure out the best insulin dosage. People with diabetes check their blood sugar up to several times a day with an instrument called a glucometer. The glucometer measures glucose levels in a sample of your blood dabbed on a strip of treated paper. Also, there are now devices, called continuous glucose monitoring systems ( CGMS), that can be attached to your body to measure your blood sugars every few minutes for up to a week at a time. But these machines check glucose levels from skin rather than blood, and they are less accurate than a traditional glucometer.
Question: Do vitamins B6 and B12 help diabetes?
Answer: Vitamins B6 and B12 may help treat diabetic nerve pain if you have low levels of these vitamins and that is contributing to the nerve pain. But otherwise, there is no proof that taking these vitamins will help.
Question: Why should you wear a MedicAlert bracelet or tag if you have diabetes?
Answer: This will make others aware of your condition in case you have a severe hypoglycemic attack and are not able to make yourself understood, or if you are in an accident and need emergency medical care. Identifying yourself as having diabetes is important because hypoglycemic attacks can be mistaken for drunkenness, and victims often aren't able to care for themselves. Without prompt treatment, hypoglycemia can result in a coma or seizures. And, because your body is under increased stress when you are ill or injured, your blood sugar levels will need to be checked by the medical personnel who give you emergency care.
Question: What is degludec (Tresiba)?
Answer: Insulin degludec ( Tresiba) is a once-daily, long-acting insulin, providing a basal dose of insulin lasting beyond 42 hours. ( It the only basal insulin approved for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in patients as young as 1 year old.) It is also available in combination with rapid-acting insulin ( Ryzodeg 70/30).
Question: Why do you have to check your blood sugar levels if you have diabetes?
Answer: By checking your own blood sugar levels, you can track your body's changing needs for insulin and work with your doctor to figure out the best insulin dosage. People with diabetes check their blood sugar up to several times a day with an instrument called a glucometer. The glucometer measures glucose levels in a sample of your blood dabbed on a strip of treated paper. Also, there are now devices, called continuous glucose monitoring systems ( CGMS), that can be attached to your body to measure your blood sugars every few minutes for up to a week at a time. But these machines check glucose levels from skin rather than blood, and they are less accurate than a traditional glucometer.
Question: What professionals may help me with diabetes other than my doctor?
Answer: Your doctor will help you make a diabetes treatment plan that is right for you -- and that you can understand. You may also need other health care professionals on your diabetes treatment team, including a foot doctor, nutritionist, eye doctor, and a diabetes specialist (called an endocrinologist).
Question: How is a rapid-acting inhaled insulin used to treat diabetes?
Answer: Injectable insulin comes in five types: Rapid-acting (taking effect within a few minutes and lasting 2-4 hours) Regular or short-acting (taking effect within 30 minutes and lasting 3-6 hours) Intermediate-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting up to 18 hours) Long-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting beyond 24 hours) Ultra-long-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting 42 hours) A rapid-acting inhaled insulin ( Afrezza) is also FDA-approved for use before meals. It must be used in combination with long-acting insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes and should not be used by those who smoke or have chronic lung disease. It comes as a single dose cartridge. Premixed insulin is also available for people who need to use more than one type of insulin.
Question: Does capsaicin cream help with diabetes?
Answer: Herbal Remedies Capsaicin cream, a topical ointment made with cayenne, has been reported by some patients to help lower pain in the hands and feet from diabetic neuropathy. But people with loss of sensation in the hands or feet should use caution when using capsaicin, as they may not be able to fully feel any burning sensation. Check with your doctor if you are thinking of trying this product.
Question: What is injectable insulin for diabetes?
Answer: Injectable insulin comes in five types: Rapid-acting (taking effect within a few minutes and lasting 2-4 hours) Regular or short-acting (taking effect within 30 minutes and lasting 3-6 hours) Intermediate-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting up to 18 hours) Long-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting beyond 24 hours) Ultra-long-acting (taking effect in 1-2 hours and lasting 42 hours) A rapid-acting inhaled insulin ( Afrezza) is also FDA-approved for use before meals.
Question: Do all people with diabetes need insulin medication?
Answer: For some people with type 2 diabetes, diet and exercise are enough to keep the disease under control. Other people need medication, which may include insulin and an oral drug.
Question: What do you need to keep in mind regarding eating and diet if you have diabetes?
Answer: Eating a balanced diet is vital for people who have diabetes, so work with your doctor or dietitian to set up a menu plan. If you have type 1 diabetes, the timing of your insulin dosage is determined by activity and diet. When you eat and how much you eat are just as important as what you eat. Usually, doctors recommend three small meals and three to four snacks every day to maintain the proper balance between sugar and insulin in the blood.
Question: Does evening primrose oil help with diabetes?
Answer: Evening primrose oil is thought to help diabetic nerve pain, but no conclusive evidence has yet been found.
Question: Which herbs may help with diabetes?
Answer: Ginkgo, garlic, holy basil leaves, fenugreek seeds, ginseng, and hawthorn are other herbals that have been promoted by some as remedies for diabetic symptoms. More research is needed to see what, if any, role these herbals may play. Check with your doctor before trying any herbal product.
Question: Can alternative medicine be used for diabetes?
Answer: Vitamins and Minerals Alternative medicine should never be used alone to treat diabetes. But there are things you can do -- in addition to medication, proper diet, and exercise -- that may help control your blood sugar and prevent complications of diabetes.
Question: Does vitamin C help diabetes?
Answer: Vitamin C may make up for low blood levels of insulin, which normally works to help cells absorb the vitamin. Proper amounts of vitamin C may help the body maintain a good cholesterol level and keep blood sugar levels under control. But too much can cause kidney stones and other problems. Check with your doctor to see if a vitamin C supplement is right for you.
Question: What should I keep in mind if exercising with diabetes?
Answer: Another crucial element in a treatment program for diabetes is exercise. With either type of diabetes, check with your doctor before starting an exercise program. Exercise improves your body's use of insulin and may lower blood sugar levels. To prevent your blood sugar from falling to dangerously low levels, check your blood sugar and, if necessary, eat a carbohydrate snack about half an hour before exercising. If you start to feel symptoms of low blood sugar (called hypoglycemia), stop exercising and have a carbohydrate snack or drink. Wait 15 minutes and check again. Have another snack again if it is still too low.
Question: What types of foods should you have in your diet if you have diabetes?
Answer: A healthy balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in your diet will help keep your blood glucose on target. How much of each will depend on many factors, including your weight and your personal preferences. Watching your carbohydrates -- knowing how much you need and how many you are eating -- is key to blood sugar control. If you are overweight, either a low-carbohydrate, low-fat/low calorie, or Mediterranean diet may help you get your weight to goal. No more than 7% of your diet should come from saturated fat, and you should try to avoid trans fats altogether.
Question: Why would my doctor suspect that I have diabetes?
Answer: If you have type 1 diabetes, your pancreas no longer makes the insulin your body needs to use blood sugar for energy.
Question: What is an insulin pump for diabetes?
Answer: Some people with diabetes use a computerized pump -- called an insulin pump -- that gives insulin on a set basis. You and your doctor program the pump to deliver a certain amount of insulin throughout the day (the basal dose). Plus, you program the pump to deliver a certain amount of insulin based on your blood sugar level before you eat (bolus dose).
Question: How may vitamins B16 and B12 help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Vitamins B6 and B12 may help treat diabetic nerve pain if you have low levels of these vitamins and that is contributing to the nerve pain. But otherwise, there is no proof that taking these vitamins will help.
Question: How may mind or body medicine help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Mind/ Body Medicine Guided imagery, biofeedback, meditation, hypnotherapy, and yoga reduce stress hormones, which in turn may help stabilize blood sugar levels. Biofeedback may also help lower blood pressure, but more research is needed to discover its role in the treatment of diabetes and high blood pressure.
Question: What herbals have been promoted as remedies for diabetic symptoms?
Answer: Ginkgo, garlic, holy basil leaves, fenugreek seeds, ginseng, and hawthorn are other herbals that have been promoted by some as remedies for diabetic symptoms. More research is needed to see what, if any, role these herbals may play. Check with your doctor before trying any herbal product.
Question: What should you consider when exercising to help treat diabetes?
Answer: Another crucial element in a treatment program for diabetes is exercise. With either type of diabetes, check with your doctor before starting an exercise program. Exercise improves your body's use of insulin and may lower blood sugar levels. To prevent your blood sugar from falling to dangerously low levels, check your blood sugar and, if necessary, eat a carbohydrate snack about half an hour before exercising. If you start to feel symptoms of low blood sugar (called hypoglycemia), stop exercising and have a carbohydrate snack or drink. Wait 15 minutes and check again. Have another snack again if it is still too low.
Question: How may evening primrose oil help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Evening primrose oil is thought to help diabetic nerve pain, but no conclusive evidence has yet been found.
Question: How can exercise help treat diabetes?
Answer: Exercise helps some people with type 2 diabetes lower their blood glucose levels and may help prevent the disease in those at risk. For people with either type of diabetes, exercise can lower the chance of having a heart attack or stroke and can improve circulation. It may offer stress relief, as well. People with type 2 diabetes who need to lose weight can benefit from moderate exercise. Most people with diabetes are encouraged to get at least 150 minutes each week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity, like walking. Strength training is often recommended at least twice a week. Talk to your doctor about what type of exercise is right for you.
Question: How are treatment plans for diabetes tailored?
Answer: When you eat and how much you eat are just as important as what you eat.
Question: How is a long-acting insulin used to treat diabetes?
Answer: Insulin degludec ( Tresiba) is a once-daily, long-acting insulin, providing a basal dose of insulin lasting beyond 42 hours. ( It the only basal insulin approved for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in patients as young as 1 year old.) It is also available in combination with rapid-acting insulin ( Ryzodeg 70/30).
Question: How may vitamin E help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Vitamin E may help limit damage to the blood vessels and help protect against kidney and eye disease. But too much can lead to serious problems, such as a higher risk of stroke. Talk to your doctor before adding this supplement.
Question: How may magnesium help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Magnesium helps control blood sugar levels. Some people with diabetes have a serious magnesium deficiency. Magnesium supplements, in this case, may improve the action of insulin.
Question: What lifestyle changes can help with the treatment of diabetes?
Answer: It is a good idea to wear a Medic Alert bracelet or tag that says you have diabetes. This will make others aware of your condition in case you have a severe hypoglycemic attack and are not able to make yourself understood, or if you are in an accident and need emergency medical care. Identifying yourself as having diabetes is important because hypoglycemic attacks can be mistaken for drunkenness, and victims often aren't able to care for themselves. Without prompt treatment, hypoglycemia can result in a coma or seizures. And, because your body is under increased stress when you are ill or injured, your blood sugar levels will need to be checked by the medical personnel who give you emergency care. Be sure to take good care of your teeth and floss regularly.
Question: What drugs will you need to treat diabetes?
Answer: Your blood sugar (also called blood glucose) levels may be high if your pancreas is producing little or no insulin (type 1 diabetes), or if the body is not responding normally to insulin (type 2 diabetes). You will need insulin in the form of injections or through use of a continuous pump. Learning to give injections to yourself or to your infant or child may at first seem the most daunting part of managing diabetes, but it is much easier that you think. Some people with diabetes use a computerized pump -- called an insulin pump -- that gives insulin on a set basis. You and your doctor program the pump to deliver a certain amount of insulin throughout the day (the basal dose). Plus, you program the pump to deliver a certain amount of insulin based on your blood sugar level before you eat (bolus dose).
Question: Why do I need to take insulin if I have diabetes?
Answer: Your blood sugar (also called blood glucose) levels may be high if your pancreas is producing little or no insulin (type 1 diabetes), or if the body is not responding normally to insulin (type 2 diabetes). You will need insulin in the form of injections or through use of a continuous pump. Learning to give injections to yourself or to your infant or child may at first seem the most daunting part of managing diabetes, but it is much easier that you think.
Question: What are the benefits of exercise for people with diabetes?
Answer: Exercise helps some people with type 2 diabetes lower their blood glucose levels and may help prevent the disease in those at risk. For people with either type of diabetes, exercise can lower the chance of having a heart attack or stroke and can improve circulation. It may offer stress relief, as well. Most people with diabetes are encouraged to get at least 150 minutes each week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity, like walking. Strength training is often recommended at least twice a week. Check with your doctor to see if a vitamin C supplement is right for you.
Question: Does vitamin E help diabetes?
Answer: Vitamin C may make up for low blood levels of insulin, which normally works to help cells absorb the vitamin. But too much can cause kidney stones and other problems. Talk to your doctor before adding this supplement.
Question: How may vitamin C help with the treatment for diabetes?
Answer: Talk to your doctor about what type of exercise is right for you. Vitamin C may make up for low blood levels of insulin, which normally works to help cells absorb the vitamin. Proper amounts of vitamin C may help the body maintain a good cholesterol level and keep blood sugar levels under control.
Question: When will I know I have bronchitis?
Answer: The first few days you're sick, it will probably be hard to tell if you have a âregularâ cold or bronchitis.
Question: How long will I be contagious due to  bronchitis?
Answer: The first few days you're sick, it will probably be hard to tell if you have a âregularâ cold or bronchitis. Since you may not know what kind of illness you have -- and doctors don't test for individual viruses, since there are hundreds of them -- it's best to assume you could spread the disease while you have cold symptoms. There's blood in the mucus you cough up, or you have other symptoms that seem unusual for a cold.
Question: What is the outlook for people with depression?
Answer: The outlook for depressed people who seek treatment is very promising. By working with a qualified and experienced mental health care professional, you can regain control of your life.
Question: What are symptoms of depressive disorder with a winter pattern?
Answer: Symptoms of depression with a winter pattern may include the seasonal occurrence of: Fatigue Increased need for sleep Decreased levels of energy Weight gain Increase in appetite Difficulty concentrating Increased desire to be alone Symptoms of depression with a summer pattern may include the seasonal occurrence of: Weight loss Trouble sleeping Decreased appetite There is not just one cause of depression.
Question: What are symptoms of dysthymia relative to depression?
Answer: Symptoms of dysthymia include: Difficulty sleeping Loss of interest in activities or the ability to enjoy oneself Excessive feelings of guilt or worthlessness Loss of energy or fatigue Difficulty concentrating, thinking or making decisions Changes in appetite Thoughts of death or suicide Dysthymia differs from major depression in that dysthymia involves fewer of the above symptoms than occurs in major depression.
Question: What atypical antipsychotic medicines can help with treating depression?
Answer: Sometimes, certain atypical antipsychotic medicines or other drugs (such as lithium or other mood stabilizers) may be used in combination with antidepressants, when antidepressants alone are not fully effective at treating depression.
Question: What are the types of depression?
Answer: There are several different types or subtypes of depression, including: Major depressive disorder Dysthymia and chronic depression (now called persistent depressive disorder) Seasonal affective disorder Psychotic depression Bipolar depression An individual with major depression, or major depressive disorder, feels a profound and constant sense of hopelessness and despair.
Question: What are symptoms of major depression?
Answer: Symptoms of depression include: Sadness Irritability Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed Withdrawal from social activities Inability to concentrate Disrupted sleep Fatigue or loss of energy Appetite changes Thoughts of suicide Roughly 25% of people who are admitted to the hospital for depression suffer from what is called psychotic depression.
Question: How is psychotic depression different from other mental disorders?
Answer: While people with other mental disorders, like schizophrenia, also experience psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations), people with psychotic depression typically have symptoms that reflect irrational levels of despair and negativism, such as profound feelings of hopelessness, being punished, or having committed a sin. People also may be ashamed or embarrassed and try to hide their psychotic symptoms, or minimize their intensity, which can make diagnosing this condition difficult. In psychotic depression, delusions and hallucinations also are not present unless a depressive syndrome also is present.
Question: What are symptoms of depressive disorder with seasonal pattern?
Answer: People who suffer from depressive disorder with seasonal pattern have the symptoms of a major depressive episode. These can include sadness, irritability, loss of interest in their usual activities, withdrawal from social activities, and inability to concentrate.
Question: What is depressive disorder with seasonal pattern?
Answer: Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern, formerly called seasonal affective disorder ( SAD), is a subtype of major depressive disorder that recurs each year at the same time, usually starting in fall or winter and ending in spring or early summer. It is more than just "the winter blues" or "cabin fever." A rare form of depressive disorder with seasonal pattern, known as "summer depression," begins in late spring or early summer and ends in fall.
Question: Can depression play a role in fatigue from hepatitis C?
Answer: Hepatitis C is no different. You may be angry, anxious, or sad about your health or the changes you've had to make in your life. Your doctor can help.
Question: How should you eat to prevent fatigue from hepatitis C?
Answer: Instead of larger breakfasts, lunches, and dinners, this dining style gives your body and brain a regular supply of fuel. Make sure to keep it healthy, with lots of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Fatty, fried, and processed foods zap your energy.
Question: Why does hepatitis C cause fatigue?
Answer: But two things are clear. If you have scarring of the liver, called cirrhosis, you're more likely to get tired. And taking interferon, sometimes a part of treatment, can rob you of energy. But if you go through treatment and get cured, your fatigue will get better.