anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What is surgery for sarcoma?
Answer: Surgery takes the tumor out of your body. In most cases of osteosarcoma, the doctor can remove just the cancer cells, and you won't need your arm or leg removed, too.
Question: What causes osteoporosis?
Answer: Until about age 30, a person normally builds more bone than he or she loses. During the aging process, bone breakdown begins to outpace bone buildup, resulting in a gradual loss of bone mass. Once this loss of bone reaches a certain point, a person has osteoporosis.
Question: How can I get calcium if I am lactose intolerant?
Answer: Although most dairy products may be intolerable, some yogurt and hard cheeses might be digestible. You can also eat lactose-containing food by first treating it with commercial preparations of lactase (which can be added as drops or taken as pills). There are also lactose-free dairy products you can buy. You can also eat lactose-free foods high in calcium, such as leafy green vegetables, salmon (with bones), and broccoli. There are many foods that are fortified with calcium too, such a some orange juices and breads Weight-bearing exercises are activities that make your muscles work against gravity.
Question: How is osteoporosis treated?
Answer: Menopausal women who have had fractures Treatments for established osteoporosis (meaning, you already have osteoporosis) include: Medications such as alendronate ( Binosto, Fosamax), ibandronate ( Boniva), raloxifene ( Evista), risedronate ( Actonel, Atevia), and zoledronic acid ( Reclast, Zometa) Calcium and vitamin D supplements.
Question: How do I protect myself from fractures if I have osteoporosis?
Answer: If you have osteoporosis, it is important to protect yourself against accidental falls, which may result in fractures. Take the following precautions to make your home safe: Remove loose household items, keeping your home free of clutter. Install grab bars on tub and shower walls and beside toilets. Install proper lighting. Apply treads to floors and remove throw rugs.
Question: Are there tests for osteoporosis?
Answer: Bone mineral density ( BMD) tests, or bone measurements, are X-rays that use very small amounts of radiation to determine bone strength.
Question: How is osteoporosis related to menopause?
Answer: There is a direct relationship between the lack of estrogen during perimenopause and menopause and the development of osteoporosis. Early menopause (before age 45) and any prolonged periods in which hormone levels are low and menstrual periods are absent or infrequent can cause loss of bone mass.
Question: Can I take hormone therapy to treat osteoporosis?
Answer: Weight-bearing exercises (which make your muscles work against gravity) Injectable abaloparatide ( Tymlos), teriparatide ( Forteo) or PTH to rebuild bone Injectable denosumab ( Prolia, Xgeva) for women at high risk of fracture when other drugs don't work Hormone therapy Hormone therapy [estrogen] isbelieved to be useful in preventing or alleviating the increased rate of bone loss that leads to osteoporosis. However, using hormone replacement therapy for prevention of osteoporosis alone -- not to treat menopausal symptoms -- is not recommended by the FDA. If you are using hormone therapy only for osteoporosis prevention, be sure to talk to your doctor so you can weigh the benefits of hormone therapy against your personal risk and consider other medications for your bones. If needed, your doctor can prescribe different treatments to help prevent osteoporosis.
Question: Who is more likely to get osteoporosis?
Answer: Petite and thin women have a greater risk of developing osteoporosis in part because they have less bone to lose than women with more body weight and larger frames.
Question: Can weight-bearing exercises help with treating osteoporosis?
Answer: There are many foods that are fortified with calcium too, such a some orange juices and breads Weight-bearing exercises are activities that make your muscles work against gravity. Walking, hiking, stair-climbing, or jogging are all weight-bearing exercises that help build strong bones. Thirty minutes of regular exercise (at least 3 to 4 days a week or every other day) along with a healthy diet may increase peak bone mass in younger people. Older women and men who engage in regular exercise may experience decreased bone loss or even increased bone mass.
Question: How can I prevent osteoporosis?
Answer: There are multiple ways you can help protect yourself against osteoporosis, including: Exercise. Supplements. If you think you need to take a supplement to get enough calcium, check with your doctor first. Estrogen. Limit alcohol consumption and do not smoke. You can also eat lactose-free foods high in calcium, such as leafy green vegetables, salmon (with bones), and broccoli.
Question: What is osteoporosis?
Answer: Osteoporosis is a disease that weakens bones, increasing the risk of sudden and unexpected fractures. Many times, osteoporosis is not discovered until weakened bones cause painful fractures usually in the back or hips. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to help prevent osteoporosis from ever occurring. And treatments can slow the rate of bone loss if you already have osteoporosis.
Question: What are some alternatives to hormone therapy for osteoporosis?
Answer: Bisphosphonates are used to prevent and/or treat osteoporosis. This drug is a selective estrogen receptor modulator ( SERM) that has many estrogen-like properties. It may increase the risk of blood clots. Teriparatide ( Forteo) and abaloparatide ( Tymlos), are a type of hormone used to treat osteoporosis. It is used to treat women at high risk of fracture when other osteoporosis drugs have not worked. Most of the bisphosphonates that are taken by mouth as well as raloxifene ( Evista) can be given to help prevent osteoporosis in people who are at high risk for fractures.
Question: How do you treat irritated eyes caused by foreign objects?
Answer: Solution: If something feels stuck in your eye, try to wash it out with water. Don't touch your eye or try to remove the object. Keep your eye closed as much as possible and go to an eye doctor or emergency room immediately.
Question: Are foreign objects irritating your eyes?
Answer: Foreign objects: Sand, dirt, and sawdust can make you weepy. They can also scratch your cornea, the clear covering of the front of your eye. Symptoms include pain (which may be worse when you open or shut your eye), redness, watering, and sensitivity to light.
Question: How do I treat medical conditions that irritate my eyes?
Answer: Symptoms include: Always feeling like you have something in your eye Eyelids or lashes that crust over Eyelashes that grow in wrong directions Flakes at the base of your lashes Redness and itching Solution: Your doctor may prescribe medications for chronic dry eyes. There are treatments for blepharitis, too, and your doctor will probably suggest using an eyelid scrub.
Question: How do I keep my eyes healthy and infection-free?
Answer: Replace your mascara often, and never share makeup. Wear wrap-around sunglasses, and use safety glasses if you work with machinery. Keep them moist. Dry eyes are more likely to get inflamed or scarred. Stay away from cigarette smoke. Air conditioning can pull moisture from the air in your house, so run a humidifier if it feels too dry. Ask your doctor if any of your medications might dry out your eyes. Be careful with contacts. Wash your hands before you put in your lenses. See your eye doctor. If you have pain or blurriness, double vision, or a serious eye injury, go to the doctor immediately.
Question: What is pinkeye?
Answer: Infections: Red, itchy pinkeye is a form of conjunctivitis caused by a virus or bacteria. Your eyes put out a sticky or ropy discharge. Your eyelids may crust over. It usually starts in one eye and spreads to the other. And you can infect other people. Solution: Try cool compresses if they're itchy. Your doctor can tell you if the cause is a virus or bacteria. He might prescribe eye drops to treat it.
Question: How do you treat allergies that cause eye irritation?
Answer: Solution: Try over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops or allergy pills. A cool compress may soothe the itching.
Question: What should I do if something feels stuck in my eye?
Answer: Foreign objects: Sand, dirt, and sawdust can make you weepy. They can also scratch your cornea, the clear covering of the front of your eye. Symptoms include pain (which may be worse when you open or shut your eye), redness, watering, and sensitivity to light. Solution: If something feels stuck in your eye, try to wash it out with water. Don't touch your eye or try to remove the object. Keep your eye closed as much as possible and go to an eye doctor or emergency room immediately.
Question: What medical conditions can irritate my eyes?
Answer: Medical conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis and SjÃ¶gren's syndrome can cause dry eyes as well as more serious problems. Bacteria or a form of dandruff can cause blepharitis, a chronic condition that involves inflammation of the eyelids.
Question: How do I soothe common eye irritants?
Answer: Irritants: Other things that can make your eyes red and itchy include tobacco smoke, chlorinated pool water, and even the air around indoor pools. Solution: Rinse your eyes with clean, warm water, and use artificial tears to soothe them.
Question: How do you treat what's irritating your eyes?
Answer: Solution: Rinse your eyes with clean, warm water, and use artificial tears to soothe them.
Question: Is an allergy irritating your eyes?
Answer: Allergies: Your eyes let you know when it's allergy season, or if your new partner's pet gives off dander. Itchy, watery, swollen, and red eyes are signs of allergic conjunctivitis, an inflammation of the membrane that covers the whites of your eyes. Sometimes this happens along with nasal allergy symptoms.
Question: Are medical conditions causing your irritated eyes?
Answer: Medical conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis and SjÃ¶gren's syndrome can cause dry eyes as well as more serious problems. Bacteria or a form of dandruff can cause blepharitis, a chronic condition that involves inflammation of the eyelids. Symptoms include: Always feeling like you have something in your eye Eyelids or lashes that crust over Eyelashes that grow in wrong directions Flakes at the base of your lashes Redness and itching Solution: Your doctor may prescribe medications for chronic dry eyes.
Question: What can you do to keep your eyes healthy and happy?
Answer: Keep your eye closed as much as possible and go to an eye doctor or emergency room immediately. Follow these steps: Give them a break. Replace your mascara often, and never share makeup. Wear wrap-around sunglasses, and use safety glasses if you work with machinery. Keep them moist. Dry eyes are more likely to get inflamed or scarred. Stay away from cigarette smoke. Air conditioning can pull moisture from the air in your house, so run a humidifier if it feels too dry. Ask your doctor if any of your medications might dry out your eyes. Be careful with contacts. Wash your hands before you put in your lenses.
Question: Are your contacts or eye makeup causing irritated eyes?
Answer: Symptoms include pain (which may be worse when you open or shut your eye), redness, watering, and sensitivity to light. Solution: If something feels stuck in your eye, try to wash it out with water. Dry eyes are more likely to get inflamed or scarred.
Question: What are the stages of sleep?
Answer: When you get your ZZZs, you cycle between REM and non- REM sleep. REM stands for rapid eye movement. During REM sleep, your eyes move quickly in different directions. That doesn't happen during non- REM sleep. First comes non- REM sleep, followed by a shorter period of REM sleep, and then the cycle starts over again. Dreams typically happen during REM sleep.
Question: How does your sleep change as you age?
Answer: As you get older, you sleep more lightly and get less deep sleep. Aging is also linked to shorter time spans of sleep, although studies show you still need as much sleep as when you were younger.
Question: What is ginger?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Ginger grows in China, India, Africa, the Caribbean, and other warm climates. The root of the ginger plant is well known as a spice and flavoring. It's been a traditional remedy in many cultures for thousands of years.
Question: What are interactions when taking ginger?
Answer: Always tell your doctor about herbal medicines you take, including ginger Interactions. If you take any medications regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using ginger supplements. They could interact with blood thinners and medications for diabetes and high blood pressure.
Question: How safe is ginger?
Answer: The U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA) does regulate dietary supplements; however, it treats them like foods rather than medications. Unlike drug manufacturers, the makers of supplements don't have to show their products are safe or effective before selling them on the market.
Question: What are the side effects of taking ginger?
Answer: Side effects. In small doses, ginger has few side effects. High doses of ginger -- more than 5 grams a day -- increases the chances of side effects. Ginger on the skin may cause a rash. Consumption may cause: Gas Heartburn Upset stomach Mouth irritation High doses of ginger -- more than 5 grams a day -- increase the chances of side effects.
Question: What are the risks of taking ginger?
Answer: Ginger may raise the risk of bleeding. If you have a bleeding disorder, it may not be safe. Always tell your doctor about herbal medicines you take, including ginger Interactions.
Question: How much ginger should you take?
Answer: It's been a traditional remedy in many cultures for thousands of years. Quality and active ingredients in supplements may vary widely from maker to maker. This makes it very hard to set a standard dose. Ask your doctor for advice.
Question: Can you get ginger naturally from foods?
Answer: The root of the ginger plant is well known as a spice and flavoring. Many people drink ginger teas or soft drinks.
Question: What are the side effects of antipsychotics for schizophrenia?
Answer: Other, even newer atypical antipsychotics include: Brexpiprazole ( Rexulti) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) While the first-generation, older meds usually cost less, they can have different side effects than the newer antipsychotics. Some can cause higher levels of the hormone prolactin. This can affect sex drive, mood, menstrual cycles, and growth of breast tissue in both men and women. One of the common side effects of many of the newer antipsychotics is weight gain. Your loved one may also have trouble keeping his blood sugar and cholesterol levels under control. One of the more serious side effects from long-term use of both the older and newer medications is a movement disorder called tardive dyskinesia. It makes your facial, tongue, and neck muscles move uncontrollably and can be permanent. While both older and newer antipsychotics can cause tardive dyskinesia, researchers believe that the odds are higher with the older antipsychotics. Antipsychotics come with other side effects as well. Your loved one could have any of the following: Weight gain Sexual problems Drowsiness Dizziness Restlessness Dry mouth Constipation Nausea Blurred vision Low blood pressure Seizures Low white blood cell count Be sure he sees his doctor regularly while he's taking antipsychotic medication.
Question: How do doctors know what medications work best for schizophrenia?
Answer: Doctors will choose which medication is best by looking at the following: How well it works on his symptoms How much it will cost Side effects How easily he can get it How often he has to take it There are two groups of antipsychotics.
Question: How can get someone to remember to take medications for schizophrenia?
Answer: If you think he might have trouble remembering to take medicine every day, he can try a shot he gets from his doctor once or twice a month called a long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication ( LAI). It works just as well as taking a daily pill.
Question: What are the different types of antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia?
Answer: Doctors will choose which medication is best by looking at the following: How well it works on his symptoms How much it will cost Side effects How easily he can get it How often he has to take it There are two groups of antipsychotics. Doctors call the older group of medications âfirst-generation,â âtypical,â or âconventionalâ antipsychotics. Some common ones are: Chlorpromazine ( Thorazine) Fluphenazine ( Prolixin) Haloperidol ( Haldol) Perphenazine ( Trilafon) Thioridazine ( Mellaril) Thiothixene ( Navane) Trifluoperazine ( Stelazine) The newer ones are called âsecond-generation,â or âatypicalâ antipsychotics. Examples of these medicines include: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Aripiprazole lauroxil ( Aristada) Asenapine ( Saphris) Clozapine ( Clozaril) Iloperidone ( Fanapt) Lurasidone ( Latuda) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Paliperidone ( Invega Sustenna) Paliperidone palmitate ( Invega Trinza) Quetiapine ( Seroquel) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) Note: Clozapine is the only FDA-approved medication for treating schizophrenia that is resistant to other treatments. It's also indicated for decreasing suicidal behaviors in those with schizophrenia who are at risk.
Question: How should you provide support for someone taking medications for schizophrenia?
Answer: Schizophrenia can make it hard to stick to a medication plan. Your loved one will need a strong support system. Learn as much as you can about schizophrenia and be part of the decision-making process with your loved one's doctor. Surrounding him with people who care about his well-being is also key. When he starts to take his medication, he may feel better right away. But it may take up to 4 to 6 weeks before symptoms like hallucinations and delusions get better. Be sure he keeps taking it long enough for his doctor to know if it's working. Sometimes it can take several tries to find out which medication works best.
Question: How do antipsychotics work to treat schizophrenia?
Answer: They ease symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. Doctors call the older group of medications âfirst-generation,â âtypical,â or âconventionalâ antipsychotics. But it may take up to 4 to 6 weeks before symptoms like hallucinations and delusions get better.
Question: How long does someone need to take medications for schizophrenia?
Answer: If you have a loved one with schizophrenia, you want them to get help as quickly as possible. He can take antipsychotics as a liquid, a pill, or as an injection.
Question: How often should you see your doctor when taking antipsychotics for schizophrenia?
Answer: But you have to be sure your family member takes his medication. And encourage him to talk to his doctor if he has any concerns about side effects.
Question: How is schizophrenia treated?
Answer: But you have to be sure your family member takes his medication. Learn as much as you can about schizophrenia and be part of the decision-making process with your loved one's doctor. Surrounding him with people who care about his well-being is also key.
Question: What types of cancer can secondhand smoke cause?
Answer: Secondhand smoke can cause other types of cancer: Bladder Brain Breast Larynx Pharynx Rectum Sinus Stomach You're also more likely to get heart disease and stroke.
Question: What is in secondhand smoke?
Answer: Secondhand smoke is what you breathe in when people around you smoke cigarettes, cigars, hookahs, or pipes. About 7,330 lung cancer deaths every year result from secondhand smoke. They include poisons, radioactive elements, and metals: Arsenic (a well-known poison) Benzene Beryllium 1,3 Butadiene Cadmium Chromium Ethylene oxide Nickel Polonium Vinyl chloride Formaldehyde Benzo[Î±]pyrene Toluene When you breathe it in, the smoke and its toxic chemicals go deep into your lungs and damage the lining.
Question: What is secondhand smoke?
Answer: But you could still get it if you hang out around people who do smoke. Secondhand smoke is what you breathe in when people around you smoke cigarettes, cigars, hookahs, or pipes. You can also take it in if you ride in a car with someone who's smoking, even if the air conditioner is on or the windows are open.
Question: How can you protect yourself from secondhand smoke?
Answer: The amount from just one cigarette is enough to do you harm. Don't let anyone smoke in your house or car. If a houseguest wants to smoke, ask her to take it outside. Pick smoke-free restaurants, and ask for nonsmoking rooms at hotels and motels.
Question: How does a free flap procedure work?
Answer: Free flap procedure. A free flap procedure is often performed during breast reconstruction or following surgery to remove head or neck cancer. During the procedure, muscle, skin, or bone is transferred along with the original blood supply from one area of the body (donor site) to the surgical site in order to reconstruct the area. The procedure often involves the use of microsurgery. Healing of the surgical site can be slow and require frequent wound care. Total recovery may take six to eight weeks or longer.
Question: What are other general signs of infection that will require medical treatment?
Answer: If you notice any of the following symptoms of infection, it is important that you call your health care provider as soon as possible. A persistent elevation of body temperature greater than 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit ( Take your temperature daily, at the same time each day Sweats or chills Skin rash Sore or scratchy throat or pain when swallowing Sinus drainage, nasal congestion, headaches, or tenderness along the upper cheekbones Persistent, dry or moist cough that lasts more than two days White patches in your mouth or on your tongue Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Trouble urinating: pain or burning, constant urge or frequent urination Bloody, cloudy, or foul-smelling urine
Question: How does skin changes after cosmetic surgery?
Answer: You also may notice numbness, a tingling sensation, or minimal feeling around your incisions. This is normal. These sensations will continue to improve over the next few months. If you notice any of the following symptoms of infection, it is important that you call your health care provider as soon as possible.
Question: Why is it important to discuss alternative treatments for acne with your doctor before you try any?
Answer: Alternative treatments, though, do not need to be tested and shown to be safe before they are sold online or placed on store shelves in the U. S. So, be sure to discuss the pros and cons of any alternative remedy with your doctor or dermatologist before starting treatment.
Question: How effective is tea tree oil as an alternative treatment for acne?
Answer: Topical treatment with tea tree oil is considered safe for most adults. It may, though, trigger an allergic skin reaction in some people. This is especially true if it has oxidized after exposure to air. Tea tree oil should never be taken orally. It can cause toxic reactions ranging from rash to coma.
Question: How effective is manuka honey as an alternative treatment for acne?
Answer: To date, however, there have been no definitive studies to prove or disprove the effectiveness of manuka honey.
Question: How effective are tannins as an alternative treatment for acne?
Answer: Some practitioners of alternative and complementary medicine recommend topical treatments containing tannins or fruit acids. Tannins have natural astringent properties. They can be gotten by boiling a mixture of 5 to 10 grams of extract of bark from such trees as witch hazel, white oak, or English walnut in one cup of water. Commercial preparations, though, are not recommended. The distillation process removes the tannins.