anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What palliative care treatments can help with lung cancer?
Answer: It's a range of therapies that help you feel better, and help you manage your cancer and treatments. Your doctor can draw out some of the fluid in your lungs or put in stents that hold open your airways. This can help you get enough oxygen when you breathe. Some drugs can help open your air passages or calm swelling. Others control blood clots that can block your airways. You may also need medications to help ease your anxiety or depression.
Question: Where do you get palliative care for lung cancer?
Answer: Your family members and loved ones can get palliative care too. Your palliative care may include radiation or chemotherapy too. This can be done at home. You may get palliative care treatments from many other specialists too. You can also get palliative care while you're in the hospital, at an outpatient clinic or doctor's office, at a nursing home or skilled nursing facility, or in a hospice.
Question: Why does testicular cancer happen?
Answer: But they have been able to find some links to other conditions. There is one thing they do know: Testicular cancer is among the most treatable, even in an advanced stage. It is rarely life-threatening. Even if it has spread to nearby organs, you have an excellent chance of long-term survival.
Question: How is HIV infection linked to testicular cancer?
Answer: HIV infection: The virus that causes AIDS has been linked with it.
Question: Can cryptorchidism cause testicular cancer?
Answer: They include: Undescended testicle: Testicular cancer happens more often in men who were born with a condition called cryptorchidism. Early in a pregnancy, the testes form in the male baby's lower belly. Not too long before birth, they should âdropâ down into the scrotum. But for about 3 or 4 out of 100 newborns, this doesn't happen. And that rate goes much higher if the baby is born early.
Question: Am I at a higher risk for testicular cancer if I am infertile?
Answer: Fertility problems: If you have trouble making a woman pregnant, you are more likely to be diagnosed with testicular cancer. You should ask your doctor to screen you.
Question: How are issues before birth linked to testicular cancer?
Answer: Issues before birth: Conditions related to your mother's pregnancy could play a role as well. They include abnormal bleeding and estrogen, or hormone, therapy.
Question: Could issues before birth put me at risk for testicular cancer?
Answer: Issues before birth: Conditions related to your mother's pregnancy could play a role as well. They include abnormal bleeding and estrogen, or hormone, therapy. If you find a lump in your testicle, go to a doctor so he can check it.
Question: How is a previous diagnosis related to testicular cancer?
Answer: Previous diagnosis: If you've already been cured of cancer in one testicle, you have a 4% chance of getting it again in the other one.
Question: How are fertility problems linked to testicular cancer?
Answer: Fertility problems: If you have trouble making a woman pregnant, you are more likely to be diagnosed with testicular cancer. You should ask your doctor to screen you.
Question: Am I at a higher risk for testicular cancer if I have HIV?
Answer: HIV infection: The virus that causes AIDS has been linked with it.
Question: What is testicular cancer?
Answer: Men have two testicles, sometimes called testes. They are one of many glands in the body. Their job is to make male hormones and sperm. They hang beneath and behind a man's penis in a pouch of skin called the scrotum. Each testicle is connected to what's called the spermatic cord. It's made up of a sperm duct, nerves, and blood vessels. Testicular cancer may spread slowly or quickly. It can go to nearby lymph nodes, the lungs, the liver, bones, and possibly the brain.
Question: How is family history related to testicular cancer?
Answer: Family history: It may also run through the generations, from parent to child. Men with the genetic disorder Down syndrome have a higher chance of getting it.
Question: What causes testicular cancer?
Answer: But they have been able to find some links to other conditions.
Question: Can I get testicular cancer again if I have had it before?
Answer: Previous diagnosis: If you've already been cured of cancer in one testicle, you have a 4% chance of getting it again in the other one.
Question: Where does testicular cancer occur?
Answer: Men have two testicles, sometimes called testes. They are one of many glands in the body. Their job is to make male hormones and sperm. They hang beneath and behind a man's penis in a pouch of skin called the scrotum. Each testicle is connected to what's called the spermatic cord. It's made up of a sperm duct, nerves, and blood vessels. Testicular cancer may spread slowly or quickly. It can go to nearby lymph nodes, the lungs, the liver, bones, and possibly the brain.
Question: Why should I see a doctor about uveitis?
Answer: What if it comes back?
Question: What are the symptoms of uveitis?
Answer: It can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms may come on quickly. If you notice any of these, see an eye doctor right away: Change in vision Dark floating spots (floaters) Eye pain Eye redness Light sensitivity Swelling You'll need to see an eye doctor called an ophthalmologist.
Question: How does a doctor check your eyes for uveitis?
Answer: During eye exam, the doctor will: Test your vision to see if your eyesight has changed Measure the pressure in your eye Widen, or dilate, your pupils so she can look at the back of your eye Use a microscope and a thin beam of light to check different parts of your eye. This is called a slit lamp exam. She may dilate your eyes or use a special dye to make certain parts easier to see. She may also do blood tests, X-rays, or other lab tests to check for medical conditions that might be linked to uveitis.
Question: Who gets uveitis?
Answer: Adults between 20 and 60 years old are most likely to get it. How it affects you depends a lot on the cause and how quickly you get treated. You might only have minor problems with your sight. Or it could cause serious vision loss.
Question: How long will I have uveitis?
Answer: It all depends on what the root cause is and how quickly you get treatment. You may have one bout of uveitis, or it may come back again and again. Whatever the case, medicines can help ease pain, restore vision, and stop damage to your eye.
Question: How is uveitis diagnosed?
Answer: If you notice any of these, see an eye doctor right away: Change in vision Dark floating spots (floaters) Eye pain Eye redness Light sensitivity Swelling You'll need to see an eye doctor called an ophthalmologist. She'll give you an eye exam and ask you questions about your symptoms, like: Have you had any pain? Where? How is your vision? Have you noticed any changes? Is it hard for you to look at light or be in a bright place? Does anything make your symptoms better or worse? Have you injured your eye or your face recently? Do you have any other medical conditions?
Question: Are there different types of uveitis?
Answer: There are two types: Infectious uveitis can result from a bacteria or virus in your eye. Noninfectious uveitis can result from an eye injury or a disease somewhere else in your body. That causes inflammation. During eye exam, the doctor will: Test your vision to see if your eyesight has changed Measure the pressure in your eye Widen, or dilate, your pupils so she can look at the back of your eye Use a microscope and a thin beam of light to check different parts of your eye.
Question: What can I do about uveitis?
Answer: You might have it for a short time or for many years. Treatment will help ease any eye pain and swelling you may have, but keep your doctor informed about any discomfort or changes in your vision. If your uveitis was caused by another medical condition, you'll need to make sure you get the right treatment for it as well. Whatever the case, medicines can help ease pain, restore vision, and stop damage to your eye.
Question: What are cavernous hemangiomas?
Answer: Cavernous hemangiomas (also called angioma cavernosum or cavernoma) are similar to strawberry hemangiomas but are more deeply situated. They may appear as a red-blue spongy mass of tissue filled with blood. Some of these lesions may disappear on their own -- usually as a child approaches school age.
Question: What are salmon patches?
Answer: Salmon patches (also called stork bites) are very common birthmarks and appear on newborn babies. These marks are small blood vessels (capillaries) that are visible through the skin. They are most common on the forehead, eyelids, upper lip, between the eyebrows, and the back of the neck. Often, these marks fade as the infant grows.
Question: Do birthmarks need to be treated?
Answer: Most birthmarks need no treatment. They usually remain stable as a child grows older. However, some areas that can resemble blood vessel tumors -- called hemangiomas -- may need treatment because of their location. For example, a raised hemangioma near a child's eye may interfere with his or her ability to see. In rare cases, birthmarks are associated with other conditions, such as growths in the liver, lungs, stomach, or intestines.
Question: What are strawberry hemangiomas?
Answer: Types of hemangiomas and birthmarks include: Strawberry hemangiomas (also called strawberry mark, nevus vascularis, capillary hemangioma, hemangioma simplex) may appear anywhere on the body, but are most common on the face, scalp, back, or chest. They consist of small, closely packed blood vessels. They may be absent at birth, and develop during the first several weeks afterward. They usually grow rapidly, remain a fixed size, and then subside. In most cases, strawberry hemangiomas disappear by the time a child is 10 years old.
Question: What are signs of red birthmarks?
Answer: Signs of red birthmarks include: Skin markings that develop before or shortly after birth Skin markings that resemble blood vessels In most cases, a health professional can diagnose a red birthmark based on the appearance of the skin.
Question: What are hemangiomas?
Answer: The hemangioma is a common type of vascular tumor that may occur early in life and resemble a birthmark. It is usually painless and harmless and its cause is not known.
Question: How is carcinoid syndrome diagnosed?
Answer: These include your symptoms and the location and size of the tumor or tumors.
Question: Is carcinoid syndrome common in people with a carcinoid tumor?
Answer: Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms that result from a rare type of tumor called a carcinoid tumor.
Question: What is carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: This tumor grows slowly, starting most often in cells that line the digestive tract or lung. Carcinoid syndrome occurs in fewer than 20% of those with a carcinoid tumor.
Question: How is the spread of carcinoid tumors treated?
Answer: Some examples are: Interferon, often given along with octreotide for symptoms and to help slow tumor growth Cyproheptadine, an antihistamine that can be used with carcinoid tumors that release histamines Telotristat ethyl ( Xermelo) can be used in combination with SSA therapy to treat adults with carcinoid syndrome diarrhea In addition to surgery, your doctor may treat the spread of the tumor to the liver with: Hepatic artery embolization, which reduces blood supply to the liver tumor Cryoablation, which freezes the tumor Radiofrequency ablation ( RFA), which kills tumor cells with heat from electric currents Chemotherapy, which uses drugs to stop the growth of tumor cells Chemoembolization, which delivers a high dose of chemotherapy directly into a blood vessel that feeds the tumor and also blocks the arteries, trapping the drug in the tumor Radiation therapy, which uses high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation to kill tumor cells You can take steps at home to help with the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome.
Question: What are the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: In many cases, carcinoid tumors often cause no symptoms. In advanced cases, when the tumor has spread, the increased release of hormonal substances can cause a diverse set of symptoms.
Question: Other than octreotide and lanreotide, what drugs can control specific symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: Other drugs control specific symptoms. Some examples are: Interferon, often given along with octreotide for symptoms and to help slow tumor growth Cyproheptadine, an antihistamine that can be used with carcinoid tumors that release histamines Telotristat ethyl ( Xermelo) can be used in combination with SSA therapy to treat adults with carcinoid syndrome diarrhea In addition to surgery, your doctor may treat the spread of the tumor to the liver with: Hepatic artery embolization, which reduces blood supply to the liver tumor Cryoablation, which freezes the tumor Radiofrequency ablation ( RFA), which kills tumor cells with heat from electric currents Chemotherapy, which uses drugs to stop the growth of tumor cells Chemoembolization, which delivers a high dose of chemotherapy directly into a blood vessel that feeds the tumor and also blocks the arteries, trapping the drug in the tumor Radiation therapy, which uses high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation to kill tumor cells You can take steps at home to help with the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome.
Question: Can surgery cure carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: Surgery may cure the syndrome if it can remove the entire tumor. Surgery may involve removing the tumor, nearby lymph nodes, and other tissue.
Question: How are somatostatin analogues used to treat carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: Somatostatin analogues ( SSA) are drugs that block the extra release of hormones that cause the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. Octreotide is one example of this type of drug. It is typically given by injection. Symptoms such as diarrhea and flushing may lessen quickly. Lanreotide is a similar type of drug that may also help with symptoms. These medications will not reduce the size of the tumor but may help slow its growth.
Question: How are carcinoid tumors treated?
Answer: Severe symptoms include: Severe, lasting flushing Confusion Very low blood pressure A very rapid heartbeat Trouble breathing Bluish skin color The type of treatment your doctor suggests depends on many factors. These include your symptoms and the location and size of the tumor or tumors.
Question: What things can be done at home to help with symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?
Answer: You can take steps to improve these symptoms. This might include stress, certain types of physical activity, a large meal, alcohol, and some foods such as aged cheeses and other tyramine-containing foods.
Question: When should I go to the doctor for symptoms of carcinoid tumor?
Answer: You may be at greater risk if you: Are African- American Have a certain genetic syndrome Have a condition that affects the stomach's ability to produce acid Carcinoid syndrome results when a carcinoid tumor is advanced and releases large amounts of hormonal substances such as serotonin or other substances. Severe symptoms include: Severe, lasting flushing Confusion Very low blood pressure A very rapid heartbeat Trouble breathing Bluish skin color The type of treatment your doctor suggests depends on many factors.
Question: How safe are natural therapies in the treatment for bipolar disorder?
Answer: In addition, always discuss any alternative remedy or dietary supplement with your doctor to avoid an herb/drug interaction, which could be medically dangerous. No matter what the advertising flyer claims at the natural food store, even the most popular medicinal herbs with pharmaceutical compounds have ingredients that have not been tested and are not scrutinized by FDA. Unlike products that have FDA approval, many herbal products have not gone through clinical trials to show that they are safe and effective before going onto the market.
Question: How safe is St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) in treating bipolar disorder?
Answer: But St. John's wort is not recommended for the treatment of bipolar disorder. In addition, St. John's wort may cause serious herb-drug reactions if taken with other SSRI medications such as Prozac.
Question: What is radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: Surgery alone may cure the cancer, so not everyone needs this step. After the operation, your thyroid gets tested. The results will help you and your doctor decide if you might need RAI ablation to keep cancer from returning. This is typically a one-time treatment where you take a pill with radioactive iodine. Any leftover thyroid cells take in the iodine, which then kills them. It doesn't usually have side effects, since only thyroid cells soak it up.
Question: What are symptoms of papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: Often, you won't have any. You might only find out about it because of an imaging test for another problem. Or, during a routine physical, your doctor might just happen to feel a lump, called a nodule, on your thyroid. Nodules are growths that may be solid or filled with fluid. They're very common and often don't cause any trouble. But about 1 in 20 are cancer.
Question: What are symptoms of papillary thyroid carcinoma as a nodule gets bigger?
Answer: As a nodule gets bigger, you may start to have symptoms like: Lump in your neck that you can see or feel Hard time swallowing (you might have pain or find that food or pills get stuck) Sore throat or hoarseness that doesn't go away Swollen lymph nodes in your neck Trouble breathing, especially when you lie down Doctors aren't sure.
Question: What might raise your chances of getting papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: You may have a higher chance of getting papillary thyroid carcinoma because of things like: Certain genetic conditions. Diseases like familial adenomatous polyposis ( FAP), Gardner syndrome, and Cowden disease can raise your odds. Family history. In a small number of cases, papillary thyroid carcinoma runs in the family. Radiation therapy. If you had radiation to treat cancer for another condition when you were a child, it can raise your chances. Gender. It's much more common in women than men, but doctors aren't sure why.
Question: Who might need radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: You typically get RAI ablation if you had nodules bigger than 4 centimeters or if the cancer: Grows beyond the thyroid Moves into the lymph nodes Spreads to another part of your body Thyroid hormone pills.
Question: What follow-up care will you need after getting papillary thyroid carcinoma treatment?
Answer: At first, you'll get blood tests every few months to check your thyroid hormone levels and get the dose right for your medicine. Once everything has evened out, you'll get an ultrasound and blood tests every 6-12 months. This is to check that you still have the right dose for your meds and to make sure the cancer hasn't come back.
Question: How is papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed?
Answer: You'll need a few different tests to see if a nodule is cancer. Physical exam. Your doctor will feel for unusual growths in your neck and ask about any symptoms you might have. Blood tests. You may get your thyroid hormone levels checked. Your doctor will find out about their shape, size, and other features. Your doctor will use a very fine needle to take a sample of the nodule to test for cancer. Typically, the most you'll feel during it is a small pinch. Once everything has evened out, you'll get an ultrasound and blood tests every 6-12 months.
Question: What happens during surgery to treat papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: In a small number of cases, papillary thyroid carcinoma runs in the family. If the cancer is small, you might choose to have only part of your thyroid removed. Even in this case though, many doctors think it's better to take it out completely. It can make follow-up care work better and lower the chances that cancer comes back.
Question: What is papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: It's only about as big as a quarter, but the hormones it makes help control how your body works, including your blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature. While it may come as a shock to learn you have papillary thyroid carcinoma, keep in mind that it's a slow-growing cancer that usually can be cured. This is a hormone from your pituitary gland that would normally tell your thyroid to start pumping out hormones.
Question: How do thyroid hormone pills help treat papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Answer: If the cancer is small, you might choose to have only part of your thyroid removed. You start taking these after surgery. It gives your body the thyroid hormones that you no longer make on your own, since your thyroid has been removed. You'll typically take one pill a day for the rest of your life. The pill also stops your body from making thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH). And that would raise the odds that cancer could return.
Question: How does vasectomy reversal affect my sex life?
Answer: But don't have sex or ejaculate until your doctor gives you the âall clear.â Most doctors recommend that you wait 2 to 3 weeks to have sex.
Question: How Is a vasectomy reversed?
Answer: This can be done using one of two methods. The first is through vasovasostomy, where your doctor sews the ends of the vas deferens from the testes to the penis back together. The second method is vasoepididymostomy. Here, the doctor attaches the vas deferens to the small organ at the back of each testicle that holds sperm. It's far more difficult than a vasovasostomy. Your doctor may only choose this method if you can't have a vasovasostomy or if he doesn't think it will work.
Question: How do I know if reverse vasectomy worked?
Answer: You'll know your vasectomy reversal was successful if sperm appear in your semen after a few months. And if you had a vasoepididymostomy, it may take even longer than a year for sperm to appear in your semen.
Question: When should you call the doctor about dehydration in a child?
Answer: Dehydration can be serious in a baby or young child. If you notice these signs, see a doctor right away: Extreme sleepiness Less responsive than usual Few wet diapers Cold and blotchy hands and feet No tears when crying Dark yellow pee Very dry mouth Usually, dehydration is easy to treat at home if you get out of the heat and drink plenty of liquids. But once you're thirsty, you're probably already dehydrated, so it's best to drink plenty of fluids regularly.
Question: What causes dehydration?
Answer: You can become dehydrated for many different reasons. It could be from sweating too much. Vomiting or diarrhea can quickly remove fluids from your body, too. So can medicines that make you pee a lot. All of these things can cause you to lose more water and electrolytes (essential minerals in your blood and body fluids) than are good for you. If you don't have enough, your body has trouble doing the things it's supposed to do. There's really only one way to treat dehydration -- replace the fluids and electrolytes your body has lost.
Question: What are alternative treatments for ankylosing spondylitis?
Answer: Ask your doctor about how these techniques can help ease pain and stiffness in addition to your other treatments: Acupuncture Massage Yoga Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS) Things you can do at home to improve your AS symptoms include: Exercise daily.
Question: What is axial ankylosing spondylitis?
Answer: There are two types of AS. Axial AS causes lower back pain. Peripheral AS causes pain and swelling in joints other than your spine.
Question: What can I do to improve quality of life with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)?
Answer: Heat and cold therapy. Healthy lifestyle and food choices. Take your drugs as prescribed, don't smoke, and exercise daily to help ease your inflammation and prevent spine fusion or organ damage.
Question: What are the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis?
Answer: Pain and stiffness. You might also feel pain in other joints such as your knees, shoulders, and jaw.
Question: Who gets ankylosing spondylitis?
Answer: It tends to start between your teens and 30s. You can inherit it from your parents. One gene, called HLA- B27, is common in people with AS. There are two types of AS.