anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Which T-UCR has been implicated in prostate cancer?
Answer: The transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) are a novel class of non-coding RNAs that are absolutely conserved across species and are involved in carcinogenesis including prostate cancer (PC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the expression of T-UCR Uc.63+ was increased in PC tissues. MTT assay and wound healing assay revealed that Uc.63+ was involved in cell growth and cell migration. miR-130b was predicted to have binding sites within the Uc.63+ sequence. The expression of miR-130b was significantly disturbed by the overexpression or knockdown of Uc.63+. Overexpression of Uc.63+ increased the expression of AR and its downstream molecule PSA and promoted resistance to docetaxel through AR regulation. In patients treated with docetaxel, the expression of serum Uc.63+ in the docetaxel-resistant patients was higher than that in the docetaxel-sensitive patients (P = 0.011). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the high expression of serum Uc.63+ correlated with a worse prognosis (P = 0.020).
Question: Which gene is involved in CADASIL?
Answer: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), the most common form of familial vascular dementia, is caused by mutations of the NOTCH3 gene.
Question: Which eye condition is managed by the athens protocol?
Answer: The athens protocol (transepithelial topography-guided PRK therapeutic remodeling, combined with same-day, collagen cross-linking) was developed for the management of cornea blindness due to severe corneal scarring.
Question: Which hormone abnormalities are common in Williams syndrome ?
Answer: Thyroid hormone abnormalities are common in Williams syndrome. Oxytocin and vasopressin, cortisol, growth hormone and calcitonin were also implicated in the Williams syndrome.
Question: Which olfactory gene senses androsterone?
Answer: A previously reported association between the olfactory receptor or7d4 and the androstenone was not detected until we specifically typed this gene  p = 1.1 × 10  -4.Any mammals can decipher these scent codes to discern the gender , age , endocrine status , social status , and genotype of conspecifics using dedicated sensory receptors in their olfactory system.
Question: Which olfactory gene senses androsterone?
Answer: These findings suggest that 1) the perceived intensity of some but not all odorants is a heritable trait, 2) use of a current genome-wide marker panel did not detect a known olfactory genotype-phenotype association, and 3) person-to-person differences in androstenone perception are influenced by OR7D4 genotype and perhaps by variants of other genes. A previously reported association between the olfactory receptor OR7D4 and the androstenone was not detected until we specifically typed this gene (P = 1.1 × 10(-4)). any mammals can decipher these scent codes to discern the gender, age, endocrine status, social status, and genotype of conspecifics using dedicated sensory receptors in their olfactory system.
Question: Which olfactory gene senses androsterone?
Answer: Person-to-person differences in androstenone perception are influenced by OR7D4 genotype and perhaps by variants of other genes.
Question: Which olfactory gene senses androsterone?
Answer: These findings suggest that 1) the perceived intensity of some but not all odorants is a heritable trait, 2) use of a current genome-wide marker panel did not detect a known olfactory genotype-phenotype association, and 3) person-to-person differences in androstenone perception are influenced by OR7D4 genotype and perhaps by variants of other genes.
Question: Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas?
Answer: Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3.
Question: Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas?
Answer: Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3. Genome-wide analyses indicate a resetting of the transformed precursors to a developmentally more primitive stem cell state, with evidence of major modifications of histone marks at several master regulator genes.
Question: Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas?
Answer: some of these molecular changes with clinicopathological utility have been used for the first time in the most recent edition of the world health organization (who) classification of cns tumours to define entities like ependymoma, rela fusion-positive or diffuse midline glioma, h3 k27m-mutant.
Question: Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas?
Answer: Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3
Question: What delivery system is used for the Fluzone Intradermal vaccine?
Answer: Fluzone was the first influenza vaccine licensed in the USA that uses a new microinjection system for intradermal delivery of vaccines (Soluvia(tm), Becton Dickinson).
Question: Clue cells are characteristics to which causative bacteria of vaginitis?
Answer: Clue cells are characteristic to Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis). Depopulation of lactobacilli from the normal vaginal flora and overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic species are the presumed etiology. The diagnosis is confirmed when at least three of the following four findings are present (Amsel's criteria): 1) thin, homogenous discharge, 2) pH greater than 4.5, 3) positive amine test, and 4) presence of clue cell.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory SNPs which affect predicted transcription factor binding site affinity?
Answer: SNP2TFBS is a computational resource intended to support researchers investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory variation in the human genome. The database essentially consists of a collection of text files providing specific annotations for human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely whether they are predicted to abolish, create or change the affinity of one or several transcription factor (TF) binding sites. A SNP's effect on TF binding is estimated based on a position weight matrix (PWM) model for the binding specificity of the corresponding factor.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory SNPs which affect predicted transcription factor binding site affinity?
Answer: SNP2TFBS is a computational resource intended to support researchers investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory variation in the human genome. The database essentially consists of a collection of text files providing specific annotations for human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely whether they are predicted to abolish, create or change the affinity of one or several transcription factor (TF) binding sites.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory SNPs which affect predicted transcription factor binding site affinity?
Answer: SN2TFBS is a computational resource intended to support researchers investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory variation in the human genome. The database essentially consists of a collection of text files providing specific annotations for human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely whether they are predicted to abolish, create or change the affinity of one or several transcription factor (TF) binding sites. A SNP's effect on TF binding is estimated based on a position weight matrix (PWM) model for the binding specificity of the corresponding factor.
Question: Which database exists that contains regulatory SNPs which affect predicted transcription factor binding site affinity?
Answer: SNP2TFBS is a computational resource intended to support researchers investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory variation in the human genome. The database essentially consists of a collection of text files providing specific annotations for human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely whether they are predicted to abolish, create or change the affinity of one or several transcription factor (TF) binding sites. A SNP's effect on TF binding is estimated based on a position weight matrix (PWM) model for the binding specificity of the corresponding factor. These data files are regenerated at regular intervals by an automatic procedure that takes as input a reference genome, a comprehensive SNP catalogue and a collection of PWMs. SNP2TFBS is also accessible over a web interface, enabling users to view the information provided for an individual SNP, to extract SNPs based on various search criteria, to annotate uploaded sets of SNPs or to display statistics about the frequencies of binding sites affected by selected SNPs.
Question: What does gepotidacin do to bacteria?
Answer: Gepotidacin inhibits bacterial DNA replication.
Question: Brensocatib was tested for treatment of which disease?
Answer: Brensocatib was tested for bronchiectasis. Brensocatib in patients with bronchiectasis was associated with improvements in bronchiectasis clinical outcomes.
Question: What cellular process is JAK/STAT involved in?
Answer: The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines and interferons, and is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunity.
Question: What cellular process is JAK/STAT involved in?
Answer: The serine/threonine kinase JAK/STAT is a major regulator of Janus kinase activity and plays a critical role in regulating the ubiquitin/proinflammatory signaling pathway.
Question: What cellular process is JAK/STAT involved in?
Answer: JAK/STAT is a master regulator of immunity
Question: What cellular process is JAK/STAT involved in?
Answer: JAK/STAT is involved in the regulation of immunity
Question: Which bacteria was EcoRI, restriction endonuclease isolated from?
Answer: Among hundreds of restriction endonucleases, the Eco R1 enzyme is the most useful and widely investigated enzyme and was isolated from E. coli RY 13
Question: Where is corticosterone synthesized?
Answer: Following a stressful event, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis mediates the release of the stress hormone cortisol (corticosterone in rodents; CORT).
Question: When did the polio vaccine becomes available?
Answer: Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), developed in the USA by Jonas Salk in the early 1950s, was field tested in 1954,
Question: When did the polio vaccine becomes available?
Answer: The Salk polio Vaccine was field tested in 1954.
Question: Which R / bioconductor package is used for enrichment analysis of genomic regions?
Answer: locus overlap analysis (lola) provides easy and automatable enrichment analysis for genomic region sets, thus facilitating the interpretation of functional genomics and epigenomics data.
Question: Which R / bioconductor package is used for enrichment analysis of genomic regions?
Answer: Genomic datasets are often interpreted in the context of large-scale reference databases. Locus Overlap Analysis (LOLA) provides easy and automatable enrichment analysis for genomic region sets, thus facilitating the interpretation of functional genomics and epigenomics data.
Question: Which R / bioconductor package is used for enrichment analysis of genomic regions?
Answer: Locus Overlap Analysis (LOLA) provides easy and automatable enrichment analysis for genomic region sets, thus facilitating the interpretation of functional genomics and epigenomics data.
Question: What is the protein product of the gene GBA2?
Answer: The GBA2 gene encodes the non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase (NLGase), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to ceramide and glucose.
Question: Which gene is mutated in a subtype of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy known as Naxos disease?
Answer: Identification of a deletion in plakoglobin in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with palmoplantar keratoderma and woolly hair (Naxos disease).Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited disorder associated with arrhythmias and sudden death. A recessive mutation in the gene encoding plakoglobin has been shown to cause Naxos disease, a cardiocutaneous syndrome characterized by ARVC and abnormalities of hair and skin.
Question: Which gene is mutated in a subtype of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy known as Naxos disease?
Answer: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited disorder associated with arrhythmias and sudden death. A recessive mutation in the gene encoding plakoglobin has been shown to cause Naxos disease, a cardiocutaneous syndrome characterized by ARVC and abnormalities of hair and skin.
Question: Which gene is mutated in a subtype of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy known as Naxos disease?
Answer: A homozygous loss-of-function mutation of the Plakoglobin (Jup) gene, which encodes a major component of the desmosome and the adherens junction, had been identified in Naxos patients, although the underlying mechanism remained elusive.
Question: Which gene is mutated in a subtype of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy known as Naxos disease?
Answer: A homozygous loss-of-function mutation of the Plakoglobin (Jup) gene, had been identified in Naxos Disease patients, a subset of ARVC, which is characterized by cutaneous disorder.
Question: What is the major sequence determinant for nucleosome positioning?
Answer: G+C content is the primary determinant of MNase-derived nucleosome occupancy.
Question: Which are the smallest known subviral pathogens of plants?
Answer: Contrary to earlier beliefs, viruses are not the smallest causative agents of infectious diseases. Single-stranded RNAs as small as 246 nucleotides exist in certain higher plants and cause more than a dozen crop diseases. These RNAs have been termed viroids. Viroids are plant subviral pathogens whose genomes are constituted by a single-stranded and covalently closed small RNA molecule that does not encode for any protein.
Question: Which are the smallest known subviral pathogens of plants?
Answer: Since the discovery of non-coding, small, highly structured, satellite RNAs (satRNAs) and viroids as subviral pathogens of plants , have been of great interest to molecular biologists as possible living fossils of pre-cellular evolution in an RNA world.
Question: Which deep learning algorithm has been developed for variant calling?
Answer: A deep convolutional neural network can call genetic variation in aligned next-generation sequencing read data by learning statistical relationships between images of read pileups around putative variant and true genotype calls. The approach, called DeepVariant, outperforms existing state-of-the-art tools. The learned model generalizes across genome builds and mammalian species, allowing nonhuman sequencing projects to benefit from the wealth of human ground-truth data.
Question: Which mushroom is poisonous, Amanita phalloides or Agaricus Bisporus
Answer: The well-known cultivated species Agaricus bisporus is safe to eat while Amanita Phalloides is poisonous.
Question: At which kind of individuals is pharmacological treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism effective in reducing cardiovascular events?
Answer: Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with fewer cardiovascular events in younger individuals, but this issue has not been resolved yet in elderly people.
Question: What organism causes tularemia?
Answer: Francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, is a Gram-negative coccobacillus primarily pathogen for animals and occasionally for humans. F. tularensis is the causative agent of zoonotic tularemia.
Question: What organism causes tularemia?
Answer: Francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, is a Gram-negative coccobacillus primarily pathogen for animals and occasionally for humans.
Question: What organism causes tularemia?
Answer: francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, is a gram-negative coccobacillus primarily pathogen for animals and occasionally for humans.
Question: What methodology does the HercepTest use?
Answer: The HercepTest is immunohistochemistry based.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against BAFF.  Belimumab, a human monoclonal antibody specific for soluble BLyS, was ultimately approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in March 2011 for active autoantibody patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) despite standard therapy.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: blys
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: The main therapeutic target of belimumab is BLyS
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an inv
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab is an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody. BAFF is also known as BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator).
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an investigational B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) inhibitor.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a B-cell survival factor, was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibody-positive SLE
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab is a fully human anti-BLyS monoclonal antibody with specificity for BLyS. It is approved for SLE treatment.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus Belimumab, an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a B-cell survival factor, was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibody-positive SLE
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an investigational B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) inhibitor. Belimumab, an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibodies to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus.
Question: Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment?
Answer: belimumab is a blys-specificsor for systemic lupus erythematos
Question: Which enzyme is inhibited by niraparib?
Answer: Niraparib is a Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitor. It is used for ovarian cancer treatment.
Question: What is the link between HOT regions and RNA polymerase recruitment?
Answer: Most HOT regions co-localize with RNA polymerase II binding sites, but many are not near the promoters of annotated genes. At HOT promoters, TF occupancy is strongly predictive of transcription preinitiation complex recruitment and moderately predictive of initiating Pol II recruitment, but only weakly predictive of elongating Pol II and RNA transcript abundance.
Question: Which disease can be treated with Delamanid?
Answer: Delamanid is used in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Question: Mutation of which gene causes arterial tortuosity syndrome?
Answer: Arterial tortuosity syndrome is an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in SLC2A10, which encodes facilitative glucose transporter 10 (GLUT10).
Question: The common house cat, Felis silvestris catus and the domestic dog, Canis familiaris both belong to what taxonomic order?
Answer: Domestic dogs and cats can be interpreted in terms of their descent from members of the order Carnivora.
Question: The common house cat, Felis silvestris catus and the domestic dog, Canis familiaris both belong to what taxonomic order?
Answer: The common house cat and domestic dog both belong to the order Carnivora in the class Mammalia
Question: The common house cat, Felis silvestris catus and the domestic dog, Canis familiaris both belong to what taxonomic order?
Answer: domestic dogs and cats can be interpreted in terms of their descent from members of the order Carnivora.
Question: Which portal has been developed to explore protein-protein interactions in cancer cell lines?
Answer: The OncoPPi Portal has been developed as an interactive web resource that allows investigators to access, manipulate and interpret a high-quality cancer-focused network of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) experimentally detected in cancer cell lines. To facilitate prioritization of PPIs for further biological studies, this resource combines network connectivity analysis, mutual exclusivity analysis of genomic alterations, cellular co-localization of interacting proteins and domain-domain interactions. Estimates of PPI essentiality allow users to evaluate the functional impact of PPI disruption on cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, connecting the OncoPPi network with the approved drugs and compounds in clinical trials enables discovery of new tumor dependencies to inform strategies to interrogate undruggable targets like tumor suppressors. The OncoPPi Portal serves as a resource for the cancer research community to facilitate discovery of cancer targets and therapeutic development.
Question: What happens to H2AX upon DNA bouble strand breaks?
Answer:  Phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) is rapidly concentrated in chromatin domains around DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) after the action of ionizing radiation or chemical agents and at stalled replication forks during replication stress The nuclear foci of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) are frequently used as a marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) following ionizing radiation (IR)
Question: What happens to H2AX upon DNA bouble strand breaks?
Answer:  phosphorylated h2ax (γh2ax) is rapidly concentrated in chromatin domains around dna double-strand breaks (dsbs) after the action of ionizing radiation or chemical agents and at stalled replication forks during replication stress.
Question: What happens to H2AX upon DNA bouble strand breaks?
Answer: Defective or inefficient DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair results in failure to preserve genomic integrity leading to apoptotic cell death, a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Phosphorylated H2AX (Î³H2AX) is rapidly concentrated in chromatin domains around DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) after the action of ionizing radiation or chemical agents and at stalled replication forks during replication stress.