anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What happens if you do have a seizure during labor?
Answer: Your doctor may give you IV medication to stop the seizure. If that doesn't work, you may have to have a caesarean section. Although most women with epilepsy have normal vaginal deliveries, they do have a higher rate of C-sections than other women. Sometimes, anticonvulsant drugs can also reduce the ability of the muscles of your uterus to contract. If this happens, your labor might not progress as well and a C-section may be your best option.
Question: How can epilepsy affect your fertility?
Answer: Before you try to conceive, you should talk to your neurologist and your obstetrician. Most doctors recommend that women with epilepsy be cared for by a high-risk obstetrician during their pregnancy. Both will want to monitor you closely throughout.
Question: What can help decrease the chance of birth defects if you have epilepsy?
Answer: Although the link between antiseizure medications and birth defects is not clear, your doctor may recommend that you take 4 mg per day of folic acid supplements one to three months before trying to get pregnant and throughout the first trimester of pregnancy.
Question: What should a female with elipesy know about the possibility of pregnancy?
Answer: Fortunately, most women with epilepsy give birth to normal, healthy babies, if you take precautions, your chance of having a healthy child is greater than 90%. There are increased risks. But working closely with your doctor can help minimize those risks. Before you try to conceive, you should talk to your neurologist and your obstetrician. Most doctors recommend that women with epilepsy be cared for by a high-risk obstetrician during their pregnancy. Both will want to monitor you closely throughout.
Question: Does having epilepsy lower a woman's chance of getting pregnant?
Answer: Their fertility rate is between 25% and 33% lower than average. Here are some possible reasons: Women with epilepsy have higher rates of some conditions that can cause infertility. Women with epilepsy are more likely to have irregular menstrual cycles, which can make it more difficult to get pregnant. Women with epilepsy are also more likely to have menstrual cycles that do not produce an egg. Some antiseizure drugs may affect the hormone levels in your ovaries, which can affect reproductive functioning. Women with epilepsy are more likely to have abnormalities in hormones involved in pregnancy.
Question: Do women with epilepsy need to take folic acid while pregnant?
Answer: There are increased risks. Unfortunately, some of the most common drugs for controlling seizures -- phenytoin ( Dilantin) and valproate, valproic acid ( Depakote, Depakene) -- may be associated with a higher risk of having a child with birth defects, especially neural tube defects like spina bifida, because they reduce concentrations of certain forms of folate in the blood. Although the link between antiseizure medications and birth defects is not clear, your doctor may recommend that you take 4 mg per day of folic acid supplements one to three months before trying to get pregnant and throughout the first trimester of pregnancy.
Question: Could I have an epilectic seizure during labor and delivery?
Answer: Although the link between antiseizure medications and birth defects is not clear, your doctor may recommend that you take 4 mg per day of folic acid supplements one to three months before trying to get pregnant and throughout the first trimester of pregnancy. As your pregnancy progresses, your metabolism changes, leading to lower levels of antiseizure medication in your body. That's why your doctor will be monitoring the levels of medication in your blood throughout your pregnancy, and might increase the dosage if it's getting too low. You will also be in pain and breathing hard, which can increase the chance of a seizure. This doesn't mean that seizures are common during labor and delivery, but they are a possibility.
Question: What causes post-concussion syndrome?
Answer: In general, post-concussion syndrome follows the occurrence of an injury or trauma to the head. Not all people who suffer mild traumatic head injury experience post-concussion syndrome. This syndrome may be worse in people who have had previous concussions or head trauma. It may also be more severe in those who have early symptoms of headache after injury, or who have mental changes such as amnesia, fogginess or fatigue. Other risk factors include younger age and prior history of headaches. Women and older patients appear to be more susceptible to the development of post-concussion symptoms.
Question: What are the symptoms of post-concussion syndrome?
Answer: Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome are often vague and non-specific. Commonly reported symptoms include: Headache Dizziness Sleep problems Psychological symptoms such as depressed mood, irritability, and anxiety Cognitive problems involving memory, concentration, and thinking Such symptoms can affect day-to-day life, and inhibit the ability to perform in situations like work.
Question: How is post-concussion syndrome treated?
Answer: Most people with post-concussion syndrome are able to recover with rest and by minimizing stress. Most health care providers will also treat symptoms of post-concussion syndrome. For example, migraine or pain medications may be prescribed for those with headache. A specialist such as a neurologist and/or psychiatrist may also be involved to treat mental health symptoms associated with post-concussion syndrome. Antidepressants and psychotherapy may be recommended.
Question: What is typhoid fever like at a glance?
Answer: Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria. Typhoid fever is contracted by the ingestion of contaminated food or water. Diagnosis of typhoid fever is made when Salmonella bacteria are detected with stool, urine, or blood cultures. Typhoid fever is treated with antibiotics. Typhoid fever symptoms are poor appetite, headaches, generalized aches and pains, fever, and lethargy. Approximately 3%-5% of patients become carriers of the bacteria after the acute illness.
Question: Is there a vaccine for typhoid fever?
Answer: For those traveling to high-risk areas, vaccines are now available.
Question: What are the symptoms of typhoid fever?
Answer: About 3%-5% of people become carriers of the bacteria after the acute illness. Symptoms include: Poor appetite Headaches Generalized aches and pains Fever as high as 104 degrees Farenheit Lethargy Diarrhea Chest congestion develops in many people, and abdominal pain and discomfort are common. The fever becomes constant. Improvement occurs in the third and fourth week in those without complications. About 10% of people have recurrent symptoms after feeling better for one to two weeks. Relapses are actually more common in individuals treated with antibiotics.
Question: How is typhoid fever treated?
Answer: Prior to the use of antibiotics, the fatality rate was 20%. Death occurred from overwhelming infection, pneumonia, intestinal bleeding, or intestinal perforation. With antibiotics and supportive care, mortality has been reduced to 1%-2%. With appropriate antibiotic therapy, there is usually improvement within one to two days and recovery within seven to 10 days. Several antibiotics are effective for the treatment of typhoid fever. Chloramphenicol was the original drug of choice for many years. Because of rare serious side effects, chloramphenicol has been replaced by other effective antibiotics. The choice of antibiotics is guided by identifying the geographic region where the infection was contracted (certain strains from South America show a significant resistance to some antibiotics.) If relapses occur, patients are retreated with antibiotics. Typhoid fever is treated with antibiotics.
Question: What is typhoid fever?
Answer: It can also be caused by Salmonella paratyphi, a related bacterium that usually causes a less severe illness. The bacteria are deposited in water or food by a human carrier and are then spread to other people in the area. The incidence of typhoid fever in the United States has markedly decreased since the early 1900s, when tens of thousands of cases were reported in the U. S. Today, less than 400 cases are reported annually in the United States, mostly in people who have recently traveled to Mexico and South America. This improvement is the result of better environmental sanitation. India, Pakistan, and Egypt are also known as high-risk areas for developing this disease. Worldwide, typhoid fever affects more than 21 million people annually, with about 200,000 people dying from the disease. Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria.
Question: Is smoking during pregnancy bad?
Answer: These conditions have been linked to secondhand smoke exposure in children: Sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS) More respiratory infections (such as bronchitis and pneumonia) More severe and frequent asthma attacks Ear infections Chronic cough Smoking during pregnancy is especially dangerous to the developing baby. It's tied to premature delivery, low birth weight, SIDS, limited mental ability, trouble with learning, and ADHD.
Question: What are the dangers of secondhand smoke for children?
Answer: Kids are particularly at risk for the effects of secondhand smoke because their bodies are still growing and they breathe at a faster rate than adults. These conditions have been linked to secondhand smoke exposure in children: Sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS) More respiratory infections (such as bronchitis and pneumonia) More severe and frequent asthma attacks Ear infections Chronic cough Smoking during pregnancy is especially dangerous to the developing baby.
Question: Is being exposed to secondhand smoke bad for you?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Being around tobacco smoke is bad for you, even if it's someone else's smoke. When someone smokes a cigarette, most of the smoke doesn't go into their lungs. It goes into the air, where anyone nearby can breathe it. Exposure to secondhand smoke raises the risk -- by as much as 30 percent -- that others will get lung cancer and many other types of cancer, it can lead to emphysema, and it is bad for your heart. Smoke makes your blood stickier, raises your "bad" LDL cholesterol, and damages the lining of your blood vessels. Eventually, these changes can make you more likely to have a heart attack or stroke.
Question: What are chalazia?
Answer: Chalazia, which look like styes but are infected oil glands, often disappear on their own too. But it could take a month or more for them to go away.
Question: Do I need surgery if I have a stye?
Answer: Sometimes you need minor surgery to completely drain a stye. After applying a local anesthetic to numb your eyelid (that means you won't have to go to sleep), the doctor cuts it open and removes the gunk inside. Your eyelid should heal quickly.
Question: How can I get rid of a chalazion?
Answer: Although a chalazion will sometimes clear up on its own, warm compresses may speed things along. Your doctor might give you a shot of anti-inflammatory medicine to help. He can also remove the chalazion through simple surgery. It should only require a local anesthetic. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
Question: What should I do if my stye comes back?
Answer: If it comes back, your doctor may give you an antibiotic cream or ointment to put on the spot. Or you might take antibiotic pills or have other treatments if there is an underlying condition such as blepharitis. Follow the instructions on whatever medicine he gives you.
Question: How long should I keep a compress on my eye when treating a stye?
Answer: Keep your eye closed while you use the compress. When the stye comes to a head, keep using the compresses to put pressure on it until it ruptures. Don't squeeze it -- let it burst on its own. Some styes spread skin infections when they pop. If that happens, you'll have to take antibiotics.
Question: How are chalazia treated?
Answer: Although a chalazion will sometimes clear up on its own, warm compresses may speed things along. Your doctor might give you a shot of anti-inflammatory medicine to help. He can also remove the chalazion through simple surgery. It should only require a local anesthetic. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
Question: What are styes?
Answer: But they're just a blocked oil gland on your eyelid and should go away on their own or with simple treatment in a few days.
Question: Do you need surgery to treat a stye?
Answer: Sometimes you need minor surgery to completely drain a stye. After applying a local anesthetic to numb your eyelid (that means you won't have to go to sleep), the doctor cuts it open and removes the gunk inside. Your eyelid should heal quickly.
Question: What medications are used to treat styes?
Answer: If it comes back, your doctor may give you an antibiotic cream or ointment to put on the spot. Or you might take antibiotic pills or have other treatments if there is an underlying condition such as blepharitis. Follow the instructions on whatever medicine he gives you.
Question: How can you treat a stye?
Answer: After applying the compress, use your finger to press on the inflamed bump to try to unplug the oil gland. Doing this can ease your pain and inflammation and help the stye go away faster. Keep your eye closed while you use the compress. When the stye comes to a head, keep using the compresses to put pressure on it until it ruptures. Don't squeeze it -- let it burst on its own. Some styes spread skin infections when they pop. If that happens, you'll have to take antibiotics. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
Question: What are the symptoms of a toe infection?
Answer: You might have an infected toe if you notice: Redness Soreness or pain A pus-filled blister, or pus that drains from your toe Cracked, thickened, yellow toenails (from a fungal infection) Diabetes can prevent you from feeling that you might have an infection, so check your feet every day. Look for redness, swelling, pus, and other signs of infection.
Question: How can you treat toe infections at home?
Answer: You can also try these remedies at home: Soak the toe for about 15 minutes in a bathtub or bucket filled with warm water and salt. Do this three to four times a day. Rub a medicated ointment on the toe and wrap it in a clean bandage. To treat an ingrown toenail, gently lift the corner of the nail. Place a small piece of cotton or waxed dental floss underneath to hold the nail away from your skin. You'll also want to protect your toe while it heals. To help it heal properly, wear loose, comfortable shoes that don't rub. Keep your foot dry, and change your socks every day.
Question: When should you see a doctor about toe infections?
Answer: Make an appointment with your primary care doctor or a podiatrist (foot specialist) if the redness, swelling, and other symptoms don't go away with home treatment. See your doctor right away if: You have a fever or chills You notice red streaks on the skin leading away from the infected area Your joints or muscles hurt Your doctor will examine your toe.
Question: How is a toe infection treated?
Answer: If bacteria caused the infection, an antibiotic cream or pill can clear up the problem. Fungal infections are treated with antifungal pills or cream. You can buy antifungal medicines over the counter or with a prescription from your doctor. To treat an ingrown toenail, your doctor might lift the nail and place a piece of cotton or a splint underneath it. This will help the nail grow away from your skin. If lifting doesn't work, the doctor can remove part or all of the affected nail. Sometimes the infection can cause a pus-filled blister to form. Your doctor might have to drain the blister.
Question: What causes toe infections?
Answer: If your toe is infected, one of these things might be to blame: You cut the nail too short, or you cut the cuticle around the nail. You have an ingrown toenail (the side of your nail grows into the skin). You've picked up a fungus, which you can get if you walk barefoot in common areas like a gym shower or locker room. You have a callus -- thickened skin caused by rubbing (for example, when your toe rubs against your shoe). You put your feet in water a lot (for example, if you swim a lot).
Question: When are you more likely to get toe infections?
Answer: Damage to your blood vessels from high blood sugar can make it harder for your body to fight off infections. And diabetic nerve damage can prevent you from feeling minor trauma that could lead to a toe infection. If you have a weakened immune system, you're also more likely to get toe infections. This includes people with HIV, or those who've had an organ transplant.
Question: What should you know about toe infections?
Answer: If you have a weakened immune system, you're also more likely to get toe infections. You might need tests to find out what type of bacteria or fungus caused the infection.
Question: What conditions can lead to a broken rib?
Answer: There are several ways your ribs could be broken: A traffic accident Getting punched in your rib cage Contact sports -- football, hockey, or soccer, for example Repeated movements, like swinging a golf club, rowing or swimming Coughing very hard again and again A fall onto a hard surface Getting CPR Some conditions can lead to a broken rib without your being hit very hard, including: Osteoporosis (thin, brittle bones, usually linked to aging) Cancerous lesions that weaken bones Sharp chest pain happens with a broken rib.
Question: How is a broken rib diagnosed?
Answer: He'll ask you what happened and will touch the painful area. He'll want to listen to your lungs when you breathe and watch your rib cage as your chest goes up and down. If your doctor suspects a rib fracture, he will want to get images of your chest. If the broken rib is caused by blunt trauma or a serious accident, he will want to make sure there's is no other serious damage to internal organs. Your doctor might order one or more of these: X-ray. These catch 75% of all broken ribs. They can also show other problems, like a collapsed lung. CT scan. This type of image shows fractures that don't appear on X-rays. Your doctor will want you to get one if he thinks the X-ray missed something. It can also show damage to soft tissue and organs, like your lungs, liver, spleen or kidneys. MRI. Like a CT scan, these images can show fractures that X-rays miss. They can pinpoint damage to soft tissue and organs. Bone scan. If you have a stress fracture to a rib, or a history of prostate cancer, this may do a better job of showing where the damage is.
Question: What are the consequences of a broken rib?
Answer: Many times, it's just a crack or hairline fracture, and the rib doesn't move out of place. But if more ribs are broken or if the fracture is from a serious injury, more problems are possible. A broken rib can have a jagged edge that juts into the chest cavity. There's a chance that it can harm one of your organs: If you break a rib toward the top of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could tear or puncture an important blood vessel. If you break a rib in the middle of your rib cage, the sharp end of bone could puncture a lung. If you break a rib toward the bottom of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could cause damage to your liver, kidney, or spleen.
Question: What can cause a broken rib?
Answer: There are several ways your ribs could be broken: A traffic accident Getting punched in your rib cage Contact sports -- football, hockey, or soccer, for example Repeated movements, like swinging a golf club, rowing or swimming Coughing very hard again and again A fall onto a hard surface Getting CPR Some conditions can lead to a broken rib without your being hit very hard, including: Osteoporosis (thin, brittle bones, usually linked to aging) Cancerous lesions that weaken bones Sharp chest pain happens with a broken rib.
Question: How is a broken rib treated?
Answer: Most broken ribs take about 6 weeks to heal. Take pain medicine like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. If you need something stronger, your doctor may prescribe something for you. Take deep breaths to avoid pneumonia. A lung infection is the most common thing you can get with rib fractures. Your doctor may give you a simple device to encourage you to breathe deeply. Don't wrap anything tightly around your ribs while they're healing. You don't want anything to limit your breathing. If you have a more serious injury, you may need additional treatment or possibly surgery. For example, if your lung has been punctured by the sharp end of one of your ribs, you may need to have a procedure done to remove air or blood from inside your chest. Some people whose ribs are badly injured might need to have them repaired with metal plates, but this is rare.
Question: What should you know about a broken rib?
Answer: And if they're broken badly they can seriously damage internal organs. Your chest will hurt more when you take a deep breath. It can also show damage to soft tissue and organs, like your lungs, liver, spleen or kidneys. But if more ribs are broken or if the fracture is from a serious injury, more problems are possible.
Question: How might sex be different after giving birth?
Answer: After pregnancy, some women notice a lack of vaginal lubrication during intercourse. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse to decrease the discomfort of vaginal dryness.
Question: Will sex feel different during pregnancy?
Answer: As your pregnancy progresses, changing positions may become necessary for your comfort. After the fourth month of pregnancy a woman may notice feeling dizzy or nauseated while lying flat on her back. This is related to the weight of the growing uterus pressing on major blood vessels. Positions may need to be altered at this time. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse if necessary.
Question: Why would your doctor recommend against sex when you're pregnant?
Answer: Your doctor may recommend not having intercourse early in pregnancy if you have a history of miscarriages. Intercourse also may be restricted if you have certain complications of pregnancy, such as pre-term labor or bleeding. You may need to ask your doctor to clarify if this means no penetration, no orgasms, or no sexual arousal, because different complications may require different restrictions.
Question: When can I have sex after my baby is born?
Answer: In general, you can resume sexual activity between 4 and 6 weeks after delivery, but talk to your doctor. She may recommend that you wait until after your first postpartum appointment before having intercourse with your partner. That's typically at about 6 weeks.
Question: Will my sexual desires change during pregnancy?
Answer: Changing hormones cause some women to experience an increased sex drive during pregnancy, while others may not be as interested in sex as they were before they became pregnant. During the first trimester, some women commonly lose interest in sex because they are tired and uncomfortable, while other women's sexual desires stay the same. If your doctor has limited your sexual activity, or if you are not in the mood for intercourse, remember to take time for intimacy with your partner.
Question: Is painful sex during pregnancy normal?
Answer: During intercourse, you should not feel pain. During orgasm, your uterus will contract. If you have any contractions that are painful or regular, contact your doctor. Also, discontinue intercourse and call your doctor immediately if you have heavy vaginal bleeding (light spotting is normal) or if your water breaks (nothing should enter the vagina after your water breaks).