anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What happens if cataracts interfere with day-to-day life?
Answer: If halos or glare are problems, limit night driving. Glare can also happen during the day, so make sure your vision prescription is up to date, and ask if special tinting could lessen glare. If a cataract begins to interfere with your day-to-day life, an ophthalmologist specializing in cataract surgery can remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a clear lens implant.
Question: What is the wet type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
Answer: Other symptoms include: Hazy vision Needing extra light or having trouble when going from bright to low light Trouble reading or recognizing people's faces Colors appearing less vivid The wet type of AMD causes sudden, severe loss of central vision from leaking blood vessels growing in or under the retina. You may see a large dark spot in the center of your vision. If you have these blind spots, see an eye doctor right away.
Question: How can I treat cataracts?
Answer: Symptoms of a cataract often develop slowly and can include: Blurry, cloudy, or dim vision -- a little like looking through a dirty windshield Double vision with one eye Trouble seeing at night or in dim light Halos around lights Sensitivity to light and glare Faded or yellow colors, or trouble telling the difference between blues and greens Trouble seeing an object against a background of the same color These factors raise your risk for developing cataract: Lots of exposure to sunlight Smoking High cholesterol or high blood pressure Diabetes Previous eye injury or surgery Family history of cataracts At earlier stages, simply changing your eyeglass or contacts prescription is all you need. Using brighter lights for reading or a magnifying glass may also help.
Question: Who is most likely to get AMD?
Answer: Other symptoms include: Distorted vision Objects appearing a different size for each eye Colors appearing less vivid or differently in each eye You may be more likely to get AMD if you smoke, have a family history of AMD, or are obese. Other risk factors include genetics, exposure to ultraviolet ( UV) light, and a lack of nutrients reaching the retina.
Question: Is there a cure for age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
Answer: There is no cure for AMD, but there are options that may slow the progression of wet macular degeneration. Anti- VEGF treatment limits growth of new blood vessels in the eye that can threaten vision. Thermal laser treatment uses heat to disrupt the disease. Photodynamic therapy destroys blood vessels in the eye that are leaking and damaging vision.
Question: What are the symptoms of AMD?
Answer: Other symptoms include: Hazy vision Needing extra light or having trouble when going from bright to low light Trouble reading or recognizing people's faces Colors appearing less vivid The wet type of AMD causes sudden, severe loss of central vision from leaking blood vessels growing in or under the retina.
Question: How does age affect glaucoma?
Answer: You may not know you have it. Age makes it more likely, as do these things: A family history of glaucoma African or Hispanic ancestry High levels of farsightedness or nearsightedness Past eye injury High eye pressure or low blood pressure Diabetes Treatments include eye drops, other medication, laser treatment, and surgery. Retinal vessel occlusion is a common complication of diabetes or glaucoma.
Question: What should breastfed babies' poop be like?
Answer: Breastfed babies: Make yellow poop that's speckled with little seeds--like mustard Poop one or more times a day, usually after they eat Formula-fed babies: Have tan, yellow, or greenish poop Poop once a day, sometimes more often What's normal: Poop can come in a rainbow of colors, changing to yellow, green, or brown.
Question: What does normal baby poop look like?
Answer: Breastfed babies: Make yellow poop that's speckled with little seeds--like mustard Poop one or more times a day, usually after they eat Formula-fed babies: Have tan, yellow, or greenish poop Poop once a day, sometimes more often What's normal: Poop can come in a rainbow of colors, changing to yellow, green, or brown. Some babies don't poop for a day or two -- even a week. You don't need to worry as long as your baby is still eating and gaining weight.
Question: What is not normal in a baby's poop?
Answer: What's not normal (time to call your doctor): Poop that is filled with mucus, water, or blood could be a sign of an allergy or infection. Solid, hard poop means your baby is probably constipated.
Question: What should formula-fed babies' poop be like?
Answer: Breastfed babies: Make yellow poop that's speckled with little seeds--like mustard Poop one or more times a day, usually after they eat Formula-fed babies: Have tan, yellow, or greenish poop Poop once a day, sometimes more often What's normal: Poop can come in a rainbow of colors, changing to yellow, green, or brown.
Question: What should you know about panic disorder?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A panic attack can happen anywhere, at any time. You may feel terrified and overwhelmed, even though you're not in any danger. If this kind of random event has happened to you at least twice, and you constantly worry and change your routine to keep from having one, you might have panic disorder -- a type of anxiety disorder. One in 10 adults in the U. S. have panic attacks each year. About a third of people have one in their lifetime. But most of them don't have panic disorder. Only about 3% of adults have it, and it's more common in women than in men.
Question: How long does an attack last in panic disorder?
Answer: You'll have four or more of these signs: Pounding or fast heartbeat Sweating Trembling or shaking Shortness of breath or a feeling of being smothered A choking feeling Chest pain Nausea or stomach pains Feeling dizzy or faint Chills or hot flashes Numbness or tingling in the body Feeling unreal or detached A fear of losing control or going crazy A fear of dying An attack usually passes in 5-10 minutes, but it can linger for hours. It can feel like you're having a heart attack or a stroke. So people with panic attacks often wind up in the emergency room for evaluation.
Question: How is panic disorder diagnosed?
Answer: There isn't a lab test specifically for panic disorder. Your doctor probably will examine you and rule out other health issues. If you've had two or more random panic attacks and live in fear of a repeat episode, you likely have panic disorder.
Question: Is there a link between poorly managed diabetes and erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Answer: Poorly managed diabetes : Diabetes can affect blood flow to your penis. Maintain a healthy diet, get regular exercise, and take your medicine as prescribed.
Question: Can an active lifestyle lower your risk for erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Answer: Inactive lifestyle: If you want to reduce your chance of getting ED, get off the couch. Regular exercise can help to make sure that when the time comes, you're ready.
Question: How can being overweight raise your odds of getting erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Answer: Being overweight : Carrying extra pounds increases your risk of blood vessel disease, a cause of ED.
Question: How can smoking raise your chances of getting erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Answer: Smoking : It increases your risk of hardening of the arteries. This reduces blood flow to the penis. It's that blood flow that helps you get an erection.
Question: Is alcohol linked to erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Answer: Alcohol: If you have more than two drinks a day, you could be hurting your ability to get an erection. Alcohol restricts blood flow to the penis and can hinder production of testosterone. Low testosterone can affect not only your performance, but your desire, too.
Question: How can electroconvulsive therapy help with treating neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
Answer: Medicines used to treat NMS include: Drugs that relax tight muscles, such as dantrolene ( Dantrium) Parkinson's disease drugs that make your body produce more dopamine, such as amantadine ( Symmetrel) or bromocriptine ( Parlodel) If these medicines don't help, your doctor might try electroconvulsive therapy. During this treatment, you're asleep and pain-free. A small electric current travels through your brain to trigger a seizure. This won't hurt you, and it should help your symptoms. NMS usually gets better in 1 to 2 weeks. After recovery, most people can start taking antipsychotic medicine again. Your doctor might switch you to a different drug. NMS can come back after you're treated. Your doctor will closely check for any signs of it.
Question: What are symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
Answer: They may include: High fever (102 to 104 F) Muscle stiffness Sweating a lot Anxiety or other changes in mental state Fast or abnormal heartbeat Quick breathing More saliva than usual NMS can damage muscles and cause very high or low blood pressure.
Question: What newer antipsychotic drugs can cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
Answer: The older antipsychotic drugs include: Chlorpromazine ( Thorazine) Fluphenazine ( Prolixin) Haloperidol ( Haldol) Loxapine ( Loxitane) Perphenazine ( Etrafon) Thioridazine ( Mellaril) Doctors call the newer antipsychotic drugs "atypical antipsychotics." They include: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Brexpiprazole ( Rexulti) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Clozapine ( Clozaril) Iloperidone ( Fanapt) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Paliperidone ( Invega) Quetiapine ( Seroquel) Risperidone ( Risperdal) These drugs block a brain chemical called dopamine. That can make your muscles stiff and can cause rigid movements in people with Parkinson's disease.
Question: What tests are done to diagnose neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
Answer: If you're not treated, you can get serious problems, like: Kidney failure Heart and lung failure Lack of oxygen in the body Infection in the lungs caused by breathing in fluid (aspiration pneumonia) More acid in the body Your doctor will look for the two main symptoms of NMS: a high temperature and stiff muscles. To be diagnosed with it, you also need to have a few other warning signs, like a fast heartbeat, low or high blood pressure, and sweating. Some other disorders have symptoms that are similar to NMS. To figure out if you have it, your doctor will do one or more of these tests: Blood and urine tests Brain imaging scans Test of spinal fluid EEG to find electrical problems in the brain Your doctor will first take you off the drug that caused this syndrome.
Question: What older antipsychotic drugs can cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
Answer: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ( NMS) is a rare reaction to antipsychotic drugs that treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental health conditions. Most people who get it make a full recovery when it's found early. Any antipsychotic drug can cause NMS. But stronger drugs, like fluphenazine and haloperidol, are more likely to trigger it.
Question: What is flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon.
Question: What happens after a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: After the procedure, your doctor will talk with you about the results. You may go back to your normal diet and activities. If the doctor found any growths, or polyps, during the procedure, you may get a biopsy (removal of tissue) of the polyp or polyps. Or your doctor may recommend that you get a complete colon exam, by colonoscopy with polyp removal.
Question: How do you prepare for a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: First, tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant Have a lung or heart condition Are allergic to any medications Have diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting If you take certain medicines, your doctor may need to adjust them before you get this test. You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No.
Question: When do you need to take antibiotics before a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No.
Question: What happens during a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes. You may not need to be sedated. Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up. He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon. The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls. You may feel mild cramping during the procedure. To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths. The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel.
Question: What is used to do a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
Answer: Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon. A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon. It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon.
Question: Whoâs most likely to have a reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug?
Answer: It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.
Question: What drugs can cause sun sensitivity?
Answer: There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.
Question: What kind of reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug is phototoxicity?
Answer: This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.
Question: What kind of reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug is photoallergy?
Answer: In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.
Question: What are sun-sensitizing drugs?
Answer: Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.
Question: What effect can sun-sensitizing drugs have on the body?
Answer: Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.
Question: What is gestational diabetes insipidus?
Answer: In some cases, the disease runs in the family.
Question: How does gestational diabetes insipidus affect women?
Answer: This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.
Question: How is gestational diabetes insipidus treated?
Answer: The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.
Question: How is gestational diabetes insipidus diagnosed?
Answer: If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.
Question: What are the symptoms of gestational diabetes insipidus?
Answer: Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.
Question: When should I see my doctor if I think I have gestational diabetes insipidus?
Answer: As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.
Question: Is there medication for myelofibrosis?
Answer: There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.
Question: Can interferon alfa-2a help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis?
Answer: Interferon alfa-2a.
Question: What new treatments may be helpful for myelofibrosis?
Answer: Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.
Question: How do erythropoietins treat anemia in myelofibrosis?
Answer: Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.
Question: How is treatment for myelofibrosis chosen?
Answer: MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.
Question: What are the benefits and side effects of taking Jakafi for myelofibrosis?
Answer: These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.
Question: What supplements can help with myelofibrosis?
Answer: Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.
Question: How do blood transfusions treat anemia in myelofibrosis?
Answer: These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.
Question: How can I reduce stress associated with myelofibrosis?
Answer: Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.
Question: Are there alternative therapies for myelofibrosis?
Answer: Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.
Question: How does androgen therapy treat anemia in myelofibrosis?
Answer: It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.
Question: Can radiation help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis?
Answer: If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.
Question: Do I have to treat myelofibrosis?
Answer: Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.
Question: Is there a cure for myelofibrosis?
Answer: Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.
Question: Can chemotherapy help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis?
Answer: Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.
Question: Why is allogenic stem cell transplantation risky?
Answer: Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.