anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How can I prepare my baby to try his first solid food?
Answer: To prepare: Pick a time when your baby is happy and not too hungry, overtired or cranky. Make sure you're not rushed, so that you can enjoy the experience. Choose one food to introduce first. Feed that to her for a few days before introducing the next new food, to check for possible allergic reactions. If you note diarrhea, rashes, or vomiting after introducing a new food, stop offering it and consult your pediatrician. If you offer cereal, make sure it's one made specifically for babies; they're fortified with specific nutrients babies need at this age.
Question: When can my baby start eating solid foods?
Answer: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding exclusively for about six months, and notes that most babies are ready to start solid foods between four and six months. Here are some signs that your baby is ready: She loses the tongue-thrust reflex that pushes the spoon back out of her mouth. Sheï¿½ï¿½s interested in what you're eating -- making âoohâ sounds as she watches you eat, or trying to grab your fork or slice of bread. She can sit up with good head control in the high chair, although she still needs the support of her body. She can draw in her lower lip to take food from a spoon.
Question: Should you continue breastfeeding even after you start feeding your baby  solid foods?
Answer: Even after you start solids, breast milk or formula are your baby's primary source of nutrition for her first year. Keep breastfeeding for at least a year if you can. Don't wait too long to start solid foods.
Question: Is there a cure for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?
Answer: There is no cure for CRPS.
Question: What are the symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?
Answer: The symptoms of CRPS vary in their severity and length. One symptom of CRPS is continuous, intense pain that gets worse rather than better over time. If CRPS occurs after an injury, it may seem out of proportion to the severity of the injury. Even in cases involving an injury only to a finger or toe, pain can spread to include the entire arm or leg. In some cases, pain can even travel to the opposite extremity. Other symptoms of CRPS include: " Burning" pain Swelling and stiffness in affected joints Motor disability, with decreased ability to move the affected body part Changes in nail and hair growth pattern; there may be rapid hair growth or no hair growth. Skin changes; CRPS can involve changes in skin temperature -- skin on one extremity can feel warmer or cooler compared to the opposite extremity. Skin color may become blotchy, pale, purple or red. The texture of skin also can change, becoming shiny and thin. People with CRPS may have skin that sometimes is excessively sweaty. CRPS may be heightened by emotional stress.
Question: What is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?
Answer: Experts believe that CRPS occurs as a result of dysfunction in the central or peripheral nervous systems. Other treatments include: Sympathetic nerve blocks: These blocks, which are done in a variety of ways, can provide significant pain relief for some people.
Question: How is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) treated?
Answer: There is no cure for CRPS. Therapies used include psychotherapy, physical therapy, and drug treatment, such as topical analgesics, narcotics, corticosteroids, osteoporosis medication, antidepressants, osteoporosis medicines, and antiseizure drugs.
Question: What is the best mattress for lower back pain?
Answer: The latest thinking is that there isn't one type of mattress that's best for everyone, including people with chronic back pain. Let personal preference guide you, and choose what feels most comfortable.
Question: How can you tell which mattress is best for your back pain?
Answer: Or choose a mattress that comes with a money-back guarantee: A growing number of companies will let you buy a mattress and use it for anywhere from 30 to 100 days and send it back for a refund if you're not happy with it.
Question: When should you get a new mattress for lower back pain?
Answer: Research is limited, but in one study, researchers assigned new mattresses to more than 300 people with low back pain. That was true regardless of which model they were given, though people who slept in the cheapest beds did report more lower back pain than those in the medium- and higher-priced beds. They noted that the average age of the participants' old beds was 9.5 years. The takeaway: If you've been sleeping on the same mattress for 9 or 10 years (or more), it's time to get a new one. Almost any new replacement is going to be better than the saggy foundation of an old mattress. But it may pay to spring for at least a mid-priced model.
Question: How firm should a mattress be for lower back pain?
Answer: The latest thinking is that there isn't one type of mattress that's best for everyone, including people with chronic back pain. They used either "medium-firm" or "firm" mattresses for 90 days. Those in the medium group reported the least amount of discomfort. You might consider getting a memory foam mattress (instead of a traditional innerspring one). The foam molds to your body. The downside: Some memory foam mattresses keep in heat; and the material might have more chemicals.
Question: How long does a joint replacement last?
Answer: Here are some activities that you should probably avoid after hip or knee replacement, but speak with your doctor first: Jogging, running, or skiing Playing football, basketball, soccer, and other high-impact sports Doing karate or other martial arts Jumping rope Taking a high-impact aerobics class Your new knee or hip can last for more than 15 years, especially if you treat it well. But the more stress and strain you put on the joint, the sooner it is likely to wear out or become loose. Just as before you had joint replacement surgery, activities that put less weight on your joints, like swimming and cycling, are particularly good for exercising a new joint without overstressing it.
Question: How can I know if I'm ready for joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis?
Answer: Ask yourself these questions: Can I still do the things I enjoy doing, like golfing, shopping or playing with my grandchildren? Do the medications I take, and/or physical therapy, still alleviate the pain reasonably well? Can I sleep at night without waking up multiple times due to pain? Can I still do daily activities, like getting out of a chair, going up and down stairs, using the toilet, and getting into and out of the car without much difficulty? If the answers to all of these questions are yes, then you probably don't need to consider joint replacement surgery yet. On the other hand, if you answered ânoâ to most of them, then you should discuss joint replacement surgery as a possible option with your doctor.
Question: What is a joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis?
Answer: Joint replacement or other surgical procedures are sometimes considered the âtreatment of last resortâ for people with osteoarthritis. Doctors frequently tell patients to wait as long as possible before joint replacement, but to get the best results, it should also not be delayed too long.
Question: What  activities do I need to avoid after a hip of knee joint replacement surgery?
Answer: If you're in your 90s, your doctor may discuss with you whether or not the risks of surgery are greater than the long-term benefits you may get from a new joint. High impact activities should be avoided for the rest of your life. Here are some activities that you should probably avoid after hip or knee replacement, but speak with your doctor first: Jogging, running, or skiing Playing football, basketball, soccer, and other high-impact sports Doing karate or other martial arts Jumping rope Taking a high-impact aerobics class Your new knee or hip can last for more than 15 years, especially if you treat it well.
Question: What exercises do I need to do after a joint replacement surgery?
Answer: In order to get the most function out of your new joint, there's a lot of hard work to be done right after surgery. Before pursuing joint replacement surgery, you should commit to an exercise program that will include: Regular walking, first at home and later outdoors and for longer distance, aimed at gradually and safely increasing your mobility Gradually resuming other normal daily activities, like standing, climbing stairs, and getting up and down from a chair Daily, regular exercises designed to strengthen the muscles around your new joint; after your physical therapist teaches you these exercises, you can often do them at home.
Question: What are conditions that may make joint replacement surgery riskier?
Answer: There are several conditions that may make joint replacement surgery riskier, including: Obesity . Your doctor may ask you to lose some weight before undergoing surgery, which will both lessen the risks of surgery (such as infections, bleeding, and problems with anesthesia) and give your new hip or knee a better chance of success. If you're in your 90s, your doctor may discuss with you whether or not the risks of surgery are greater than the long-term benefits you may get from a new joint. Bone density. Heart, lung, or kidney disease.
Question: How much can joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis help?
Answer: The vast majority of people who undergo joint replacement surgery experience dramatic reductions in pain and a great improvement in their ability to do everyday things like going to the store, cleaning house, walking around town, and engaging in light exercise like walking, swimming, ballroom dancing, and stair climbing. According to a study published in June 2008 in the Archives of Internal Medicine, older adults who had joint replacement surgery improved significantly on measurements of arthritis symptoms one year later compared with people who did not have the surgery.
Question: What is a carbuncle?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A carbuncle is a red, swollen, and painful cluster of boils that are connected to each other under the skin. A boil (or furuncle) is an infection of a hair follicle that has a small collection of pus (called an abscess) under the skin. Usually single, a carbuncle is most likely to occur on a hairy area of the body such as the back or nape of the neck. But a carbuncle also can develop in other areas of the body such as the buttocks, thighs, groin, and armpits.
Question: What are complications of carbuncles?
Answer: Sometimes, carbuncles are caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) bacteria, and require treatment with potent prescription antibiotics if the lesions are not drained properly. In rare cases, bacteria from a carbuncle can escape into the bloodstream and cause serious complications, including sepsis and infections in other parts of the body such as the lung, bones, joints, heart, blood, and central nervous system. Sepsis is an overwhelming infection of the body that is a medical emergency and can be fatal if left untreated. Symptoms include chills, a spiking fever, rapid heart rate, and a feeling of being extremely ill.
Question: What is the home treatment for carbuncles?
Answer: The cardinal rule is to avoid squeezing or irritating a carbuncle, which increases the risk of complications and severe scarring. Warm compresses may promote the drainage and healing of carbuncles. Gently soak the carbuncle in warm water, or apply a clean, warm, moist washcloth for 20 minutes several times per day. Similar strategies include covering the carbuncle with a clean, dry cloth and gently applying a heating pad or hot water bottle for 20 minutes several times per day. After each use, washcloths or cloths should be washed in hot water and dried at a high temperature. Washing the carbuncle and covering the area with a sterile bandage also may promote drainage and healing and help prevent the infection from spreading. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help relieve the pain of an inflamed carbuncle. It's important to thoroughly wash your hands after touching a carbuncle. Launder any clothing, bedding, and towels that have touched a carbuncle and avoid sharing bedding, clothing, or other personal items.
Question: What should I know about carbuncles?
Answer: Carbuncles are more likely than boils to leave scars. An active boil or carbuncle is contagious: the infection can spread to other parts of the person's body or to other people through skin-to-skin contact or the sharing of personal items. So it's important to practice appropriate self-care measures, like keeping the area clean and covered, until the carbuncle drains and heals. Carbuncles require medical treatment to prevent or manage complications, promote healing, and minimize scarring. Contact your doctor if you have a boil or boils that have persisted for more than a few days.
Question: How long do carbuncles take to heal?
Answer: But treatment with antibiotics may be necessary in cases such as: When MRSA is involved and drainage is incomplete There is surrounding soft-tissue infection (cellulitis) A person has a weakened immune system An infection has spread to other parts of the body Depending on severity, most carbuncles heal within two to three weeks after medical treatment.
Question: What causes carbuncles?
Answer: Most carbuncles are caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, which inhabit the skin surface, throat, and nasal passages. These bacteria can cause infection by entering the skin through a hair follicle, small scrape, or puncture, although sometimes there is no obvious point of entry.
Question: How can my doctor treat carbuncles?
Answer: Washing the carbuncle and covering the area with a sterile bandage also may promote drainage and healing and help prevent the infection from spreading. Some of the pus can be collected and sent to a lab to identify the bacteria causing the infection and check for susceptibility to antibiotics.
Question: What are the warning signs of an acetaminophen overdose?
Answer: If you think you may have accidentally taken too much acetaminophen, you may have: Nausea Loss of appetite Vomiting Sweating Diarrhea These symptoms may not start until hours after you've taken the drug. By the time you notice something's wrong, your liver may already be severely damaged. If you have questions about whether you took the right amount, call your local poison control center, which will tell you if you need to go to the ER. If you think someone may have overdosed, call 911.
Question: How can you pass the daily limit for acetaminophen?
Answer: Common reasons people mistakenly pass the daily limit include: They take too much at once. They don't wait long enough between doses.
Question: What drugs contain acetaminophen?
Answer: It's still fine to use acetaminophen. For instance, if it's in your headache pill and your cold medicine, and you take them both, you could get more than you should.
Question: When should you talk to your doctor about taking acetaminophen?
Answer: In extreme cases, it can even cause liver failure. If you're not sure how much is OK, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Question: How can acetaminophen affect your liver?
Answer: You use it to ease aches and pains or bring down a fever. When you follow the instructions on those pill-bottle labels, it's helpful and safe, and it generally doesn't upset the stomach like other pain relievers. In extreme cases, it can even cause liver failure. It's still fine to use acetaminophen. You just need to know how to do that safely. For instance, if it's in your headache pill and your cold medicine, and you take them both, you could get more than you should.
Question: Could I be allergic to echinacea if I am allergic to other plants?
Answer: If this happens, you might get: Rashes Worsening of asthma symptoms Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening emergency that can cause trouble breathing) You might be at higher risk of having a reaction to echinacea if you're allergic to other plants in the daisy family. This includes ragweed, chrysanthemums, and marigolds.
Question: What is echinacea?
Answer: It's a flowering plant that grows in the U. S. and Canada, and it's been used as medicine for centuries. There are nine species. Some of its common names are the purple coneflower or black-eyed Susan. The leaves, stems, flower, and roots are used to make supplements, liquid extracts, and teas.
Question: How long should you take echinacea?
Answer: Some experts say you shouldn't take echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time. Although there is no evidence that the herb would cause harm after this point, doctors don't know enough yet about its long-term safety.
Question: What are possible reasons for conflicting results of studies on echinacea?
Answer: Still, sometimes it's hard to compare the results of different studies, because they look at different types and strengths of echinacea, as well as different parts of the plant or root. It's possible that some versions are better than others. Also, it's possible the herbal remedy may be useful against some, but not all, of the more than 200 viruses that cause colds.
Question: Is echinacea regulated in the United States?
Answer: Keep in mind that herbal remedies like echinacea aren't regulated in the U. S. the way medications are. The makers of supplements don't have to show their products are safe or effective before they go on the market. Also, there's a chance that what you buy at the drugstore may not actually have what the label says it does.
Question: Can my doctor give me information about herbal cold remedies?
Answer: If you're interested in using echinacea or another alternative treatment, talk to your doctor. Remember, herbal remedies may have risks, just like any drug. They can cause side effects and could affect how other medications work.
Question: Should I try echinacea?
Answer: Research shows it increases the number of white blood cells, which fight infections. Two studies funded by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health did not find any help for a cold from echinacea in either children or adults, though. Some experts say you shouldn't take echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time. If you're interested in using echinacea or another alternative treatment, talk to your doctor.
Question: Are there side effects of echinacea?
Answer: Extracts of echinacea do seem to have an effect on the immune system, your body's defense against germs. The most common side effect is upset stomach. But some people can have allergic reactions. If this happens, you might get: Rashes Worsening of asthma symptoms Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening emergency that can cause trouble breathing) You might be at higher risk of having a reaction to echinacea if you're allergic to other plants in the daisy family.
Question: When can you breastfeed your baby if you have tuberculosis (TB)?
Answer: After your baby is born, you should be able to breastfeed her safely, even if you're still taking first-line drugs for TB. If you're on isoniazid, keep taking vitamin B6 while you nurse your newborn. Although some of the drug will pass into your breast milk, the amount is too little to cause any harm.
Question: What are the effects of tuberculosis (TB) drugs during pregnancy?
Answer: Catch TB from you after birth, if your disease is active and you aren't being treated You may worry that taking medicine for tuberculosis may harm your unborn child. It's much worse to leave it untreated. TB drugs you take do reach your baby. But they haven't been shown to cause harm in unborn babies. Some TB drugs can lead to birth defects or other problems in a growing baby. But your doctor won't prescribe those drugs if you're pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant. The medicine you get will depend on what kind of TB you have.
Question: What sleep milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?
Answer: He can pull objects closer and pick them up in the palm of his hand then move them adeptly from one hand to the other. He may even be able to hold a bottle or sippy cup by himself. Most babies sleep through the night by five months, but not all. To encourage your baby to get into a regular nighttime sleep rhythm, establish a bedtime routine.
Question: What communication milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?
Answer: Your baby should be babbling away by now, and those babbles might even be starting to sound like real words. Five-month-olds can begin to put consonant and vowel sounds together (such as ''ba-ba''). If you hear a ''ma-ma'' or ''da-da'' in the mix, don't get too excited. Babies at this age haven't yet assigned meaning to words. Wait another couple of months and those ''ma-mas'' and ''da-das'' will be directed at you. At five months, babies are starting to make sense of the sounds they hear, such as a dog barking or a car engine starting. Though they can't yet understand words, they may turn their head at the sound of their name or a simple command like ''no.''
Question: What motor skills milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?
Answer: Five-month-old babies can sit upright for longer periods of time. Your baby probably still needs to be propped up with a pillow or Boppy, but he may also be able to sit unsupported for a few seconds at a time. Some 5-month-olds can start rolling over from their back to their tummy. Once your baby does roll over, you may notice him working his legs and rocking. He's getting ready for crawling and scooting, which are just a couple of months away! But remember, when baby is able to roll over, make sure you never leave him on a bed or other high surface where he can accidentally roll off and get injured. Another thing you'll notice at five months is that your baby's grasp is getting stronger. He can pull objects closer and pick them up in the palm of his hand then move them adeptly from one hand to the other.
Question: What milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?
Answer: You can expect him to make his first attempts at real speech. He's also gearing up to start crawling, which means you need to be ready for your little one's new mobility. This portion of Web MD's month-by-month guide describes a few of the baby milestones you can expect your child to reach at five months. Five-month-old babies can sit upright for longer periods of time.
Question: What are some tips for your babyâs fifth month?
Answer: Babies love music. Play all kinds of songs for your 5-month-old, from classical to jazz to pop. He will clap, smile, and maybe even babble along. Give your baby simple, colorful toys like a soft block or rattle to play with. When you hand over each item, name it ('' This is a block,'' '' That's a rattle'') to help teach your baby new words. Consider removing the mobile hanging over your baby's crib. Once babies can push up onto their hands and knees, they can get caught up in the mobile's hanging cords. If you haven't baby-proofed your house by now, make sure you do it soon. Cover all electrical outlets, place household cleaners and other hazardous materials in locked cabinets, and put away all choking hazards. Also be very careful about not leaving steaming mugs of coffee or curling irons on countertops where your baby might pull them down.
Question: What senses milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?
Answer: Your 5-month-old's vision is continuing to improve. At this point, babies still don't have 20/20 vision, but they can see well at different distances and their eyes can focus together without crossing. At five months, your baby's color perception has sharpened to the point where he can tell the difference between two shades of the same color. But babies at this age still prefer primary colors such as red, blue, and yellow.