anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What can you do to prevent corneal opacities?
Answer: Although corneal opacities have many causes, there are a few things you can do to help prevent damage to your cornea: Wear protective eyewear. Protect your eyes with goggles or safety glasses during activities that can cause eye injury. This includes using power tools, chopping wood, or handling chemicals. Also be sure to wear sunglasses when spending time outdoors. Make sure your children also wear sunglasses. Use contact lenses correctly. Follow your eye doctor's instructions for properly handling, storing, disinfecting, and discarding and replacing soft contact lenses. Have regular eye exams. Many eye conditions can be detected early, before symptoms develop. Also be sure to see your eye doctor right away if you injure your eye or develop any unusual eye symptoms or vision problems. Know your family history for eye diseases. Because corneal dystrophies are hereditary, you may be at risk if someone in your family has eye disease.
Question: How are corneal injuries treated?
Answer: Treatment may include patching the eye, using a temporary contact lens, and prescription eye drops or ointments. If vision problems remain or the cornea becomes permanently damaged, you may need a cornea transplant. This surgery removes the damaged cornea and replaces it with a healthy donor cornea.
Question: What can cause corneal opacities?
Answer: Injury, infection, and certain eye diseases can cause corneal opacities.
Question: What other eye problems can lead to corneal opacity?
Answer: The cornea is formed by strong, tough tissue composed of five different layers, each with a specific function. The condition usually causes only minor eye irritation. Shingles that develop on the face, head, or neck can also affect the cornea.
Question: How do you treat keratoconus?
Answer: Early on, drops, ointments, and special contact lenses may ease symptoms. In early to moderate cases where the patient is still visually successful with glasses or contact lenses, corneal crosslinking, a procedure that uses riboflavin and light to strengthen the cornea, is generally recommended. Procedures such as Intacs can help improve vision by partially reversing keratoconus, and a minimally invasive procedure called corneal collagen cross linking. Corneal transplant, a surgery that replaces the cornea with a cadaver cornea, may be an option after all non surgical measures have been tried. Often contact lenses and glasses are required afterwards to improve sight.
Question: What is keratoconus?
Answer: Here are a few of the more common types of corneal dystrophies: Fuchs' dystrophy progresses slowly, usually affecting people in their 50s and 60s. With keratoconus, the cornea becomes thin and bulges outward in a cone shape, like a hernia. The condition can cause moderate to severe blurred vision, multiple images, glare, and halos around objects at night and rob people of the ability to lead a normal life. Often nearsightedness and astigmatism develop from keratoconus. Other symptoms include swelling and scarring of the cornea.
Question: Why are steroids injected?
Answer: Injecting steroids into one or two local areas of inflammation allows doctors to deliver a high dose of medication directly to the problem area. When doctors give steroids by mouth or intravenously, they cannot be sure an adequate amount of the steroid will eventually reach the problem area.
Question: What negative effects can happen from steroid injections?
Answer: In rare instances, the following side effects might occur: Infection Allergic reactions Local bleeding Rupture of a tendon Skin discoloration Excessively frequent, repeated injections into the same area can cause the bone, ligaments, and tendons to weaken. Not everyone will develop side effects. How often any side effect occurs varies from patient to patient. If steroid injections are infrequent (less than every three to four months), it is possible that none of the listed side effects will occur.
Question: How do steroids work?
Answer: When doctors give steroids by mouth or intravenously, they cannot be sure an adequate amount of the steroid will eventually reach the problem area. Steroids are often injected directly into joints to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or other inflammatory diseases.
Question: What should you avoid to prevent high blood sugar in the morning?
Answer: You'll also want to avoid all sugar-sweetened beverages, like soda, fruit punch, fruit drinks, and sweet tea. Just a single serving can raise your blood sugar -- and, in some cases, give you hundreds of extra calories.
Question: When should you see a doctor about high blood sugar in the morning if you have diabetes?
Answer: If you have diabetes, chances are your blood sugar will be higher in the morning from time to time. That may not be something to be overly concerned about. If it happens for several mornings in a row, check it once during the night -- around 2 or 3 a.m. -- for a few nights. Then, take those numbers to your doctor. She can figure out if you really have the dawn phenomenon, or if something else is causing those higher morning numbers.
Question: Is it normal to have high blood sugar in the morning if I have diabetes?
Answer: It's called the dawn phenomenon or the dawn effect. If you have diabetes, chances are your blood sugar will be higher in the morning from time to time.
Question: How do I treat high blood sugar in the morning if I have diabetes?
Answer: Generally, the normal hormonal changes your body makes in the morning will boost your blood sugar, whether you have diabetes or not. This will make your blood sugar go up. It helps bring your blood sugar back to normal, which tells your body that it's time to rein in the anti-insulin hormones.
Question: How do I know the reason for high blood sugar in the morning?
Answer: It's called the dawn phenomenon or the dawn effect. If it happens for several mornings in a row, check it once during the night -- around 2 or 3 a.m. -- for a few nights.
Question: What are the different stages of prolapsed uterus?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Muscle weakness or relaxation may allow your uterus to sag or come completely out of your body in various stages: First degree: The cervix drops into the vagina. Second degree: The cervix drops to the level just inside the opening of the vagina. Third degree: The cervix is outside the vagina. Fourth degree: The entire uterus is outside the vagina. This condition is also called procidentia.
Question: How is a prolapsed uterus diagnosed?
Answer: Seek medical care immediately if you experience any of the following: Obstruction or difficulty in urination and/or bowel movement Complete uterine prolapse (your uterus comes out of your vagina) Your health care provider can diagnose uterine prolapse with a medical history and physical examination of the pelvis. The doctor may need to examine you in standing position and while you are lying down and ask you to cough or strain to increase the pressure in your abdomen. Specific conditions, such as ureteral obstruction due to complete prolapse, may need an intravenous pyelogram ( IVP) or renal sonography. Dye is injected into your vein, and a series of X-rays are taken to view its progress through your bladder. Ultrasound may be used to rule out other pelvic problems. In this test, a wand is passed over your abdomen or inserted into your vagina to create images with sound waves.
Question: What causes a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: The following conditions can cause a prolapsed uterus: Pregnancy/childbirths with normal or complicated delivery through the vagina Weakness in the pelvic muscles with advancing age Weakening and loss of tissue tone after menopause and loss of natural estrogen Conditions leading to increased pressure in the abdomen such as chronic cough (with bronchitis and asthma), straining (with constipation), pelvic tumors (rare), or an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen Being overweight or obese with its additional strain on pelvic muscles Major surgery in the pelvic area leading to loss of external support Smoking Other risk factors include: Excess weight lifting Being Caucasian Family history Symptoms of a prolapsed uterus include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis (you may describe it as a feeling of sitting on a small ball) Low back pain Feeling that something is coming out of your vagina Painful sexual intercourse Difficulty with urination or moving your bowels Discomfort walking Notify your health care provider if you experience any of the following symptoms: You feel the cervix near the opening of the vaginal canal or you feel pressure in your vaginal canal and the feeling of something coming out of your vagina.
Question: What is a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: Your uterus (or womb) is normally held in place inside your pelvis with various muscles, tissue, and ligaments. Because of pregnancy, childbirth or difficult labor and delivery, in some women these muscles weaken. Also, as a woman ages and with a natural loss of the hormone estrogen, her uterus can drop into the vaginal canal, causing the condition known as a prolapsed uterus.
Question: What is follow-up treatment for a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: If you had surgery, you need to follow up according to your surgeon's advice. If you have a pessary inserted in your vagina, it needs to be cleaned and checked by your health care provider for the correct position and fit at regular intervals unless you are instructed on how to remove it and clean it yourself at home. If you have been told to do Kegel exercises, you should have a regular follow-up visit so that your health care provider can check the progress of your muscle strength.
Question: What medications treat a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: Estrogen (a hormone) cream or suppository ovules or rings inserted into the vagina help in restoring the strength and vitality of tissues in the vagina. But estrogen is only for use in select postmenopausal women.
Question: Can you prevent a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: If you had surgery, you need to follow up according to your surgeon's advice. Do Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles. Avoid heavy lifting or straining.
Question: Can Kegel exercises help a prolapsed uterus?
Answer: You do these by tightening your pelvic muscles, as if trying to stop the flow of urine. Have your health care provider instruct you on the proper ways to isolate and exercise the muscles. Do Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles.
Question: When should I talk to my doctor about migraines related to sleeping problems?
Answer: If you have signs of obstructive sleep apnea, see your doctor to get the right treatment. It may help prevent migraines. Symptoms of the sleep disorder include: Snoring Pauses in breathing while sleeping Waking up during the night Sleepiness during the day If you can't sleep more than 6 hours a night, talk to your doctor about whether you may have insomnia that can be treated. Treatments, including medications, diet changes, and behavioral sleep therapy, can also help prevent migraines if they're triggered by poor sleep.
Question: How can I improve my sleep to avoid headaches?
Answer: Quality shut-eye is one of the keys to preventing a headache attack. Try to get 7 to 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep every night at a consistent time. Get 7 to 8 hours of sleep. Make the room you sleep in dark and quiet. Avoid caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol. Try not to watch TV, use the computer, or text on your cellphone in bed just before you go to sleep. Do relaxing activities at bedtime. Exercise regularly, but not right before bed. Spend some time outside in natural light during the day.
Question: Are there long-lasting side effects of chemotherapy?
Answer: That's what causes some of the side effects from the treatment.
Question: What side effects of chemotherapy go away after treatment?
Answer: That's what causes some of the side effects from the treatment.
Question: How do you know what chemotherapy is best for you?
Answer: It depends on your overall health, the type of cancer you have, how far along it is, and the amount and type of chemotherapy drugs.
Question: Where can chemotherapy take place?
Answer: It also depends on where you live, and whether you get treatment at home, in an office clinic, or during a hospital stay.
Question: What is a personalized chemotherapy plan based on?
Answer: It depends on your overall health, the type of cancer you have, how far along it is, and the amount and type of chemotherapy drugs.
Question: Will I know how long my chemotherapy is going to take?
Answer: For example, a 4-week cycle may be 1 week of treatment and then 3 weeks of rest. The rest allows your body to make new healthy cells. It usually stays in place until all your treatment cycles are finished. On days you don't feel well, you may want to see if you can work fewer hours or work from home.
Question: How long does chemotherapy take?
Answer: That's what causes some of the side effects from the treatment. It depends on the kind of cancer you have and how far along it is. For example, a 4-week cycle may be 1 week of treatment and then 3 weeks of rest. The rest allows your body to make new healthy cells. It usually stays in place until all your treatment cycles are finished. On days you don't feel well, you may want to see if you can work fewer hours or work from home. It depends on the type of chemotherapy, how much you get, and how often you get it.
Question: How is chemotherapy personalized?
Answer: Chemotherapy may be used to: Shrink a tumor before radiation therapy or surgery -- called neoadjuvant chemotherapy Destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery or radiation therapy -- called adjuvant chemotherapy Make other therapies (biological or radiation) more effective Destroy cancer cells that return or spread to other parts of your body That depends on: The type of cancer you have How far along it is The goal of treatment: cure, control growth, or ease pain The type of chemotherapy The way your body responds to the treatment You may have chemotherapy in âcycles,â which means a period of treatment and then a period of rest. Then your medical team will likely plan a new cycle to help you get back on track. Intra-arterial ( IA): The drugs go directly into the artery that is feeding the cancer, through a needle, or soft, thin tube (catheter). It depends on the type of chemotherapy, how much you get, and how often you get it.
Question: How is chemotherapy different from radiation or surgery?
Answer: Also called âchemo,â it's a way to treat cancer that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. It targets cells that grow and divide quickly, as cancer cells do. That's what causes some of the side effects from the treatment. Chemotherapy may be used to: Shrink a tumor before radiation therapy or surgery -- called neoadjuvant chemotherapy Destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery or radiation therapy -- called adjuvant chemotherapy Make other therapies (biological or radiation) more effective Destroy cancer cells that return or spread to other parts of your body That depends on: The type of cancer you have How far along it is The goal of treatment: cure, control growth, or ease pain The type of chemotherapy The way your body responds to the treatment You may have chemotherapy in âcycles,â which means a period of treatment and then a period of rest.
Question: What should I bring to my doctor when discussing chemotherapy plans?
Answer: It depends on the kind of cancer you have and how far along it is. Tell your doctor if you notice any signs of infection around your port. Your doctor may be able to help you manage some of the more severe side effects of chemotherapy. On days you don't feel well, you may want to see if you can work fewer hours or work from home.
Question: How long does chemotherapy treatment last?
Answer: It depends on the kind of cancer you have and how far along it is. Chemotherapy may be used to: Shrink a tumor before radiation therapy or surgery -- called neoadjuvant chemotherapy Destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery or radiation therapy -- called adjuvant chemotherapy Make other therapies (biological or radiation) more effective Destroy cancer cells that return or spread to other parts of your body That depends on: The type of cancer you have How far along it is The goal of treatment: cure, control growth, or ease pain The type of chemotherapy The way your body responds to the treatment You may have chemotherapy in âcycles,â which means a period of treatment and then a period of rest. On days you don't feel well, you may want to see if you can work fewer hours or work from home. It depends on the type of chemotherapy, how much you get, and how often you get it.
Question: How are catheters used in chemotherapy?
Answer: Intra-arterial ( IA): The drugs go directly into the artery that is feeding the cancer, through a needle, or soft, thin tube (catheter). Your doctor puts one end into a large vein, often in your chest area. It usually stays in place until all your treatment cycles are finished. Port: It's a small disc that a surgeon places under your skin. A nurse may insert a needle into your port to give you chemotherapy drugs or draw blood.
Question: How can you take the drugs for chemotherapy?
Answer: Intra-arterial ( IA): The drugs go directly into the artery that is feeding the cancer, through a needle, or soft, thin tube (catheter). Your doctor puts one end into a large vein, often in your chest area. It usually stays in place until all your treatment cycles are finished. Port: It's a small disc that a surgeon places under your skin. A nurse may insert a needle into your port to give you chemotherapy drugs or draw blood. It depends on the type of chemotherapy, how much you get, and how often you get it.
Question: How is chemotherapy tailored for you?
Answer: Chemotherapy may be used to: Shrink a tumor before radiation therapy or surgery -- called neoadjuvant chemotherapy Destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery or radiation therapy -- called adjuvant chemotherapy Make other therapies (biological or radiation) more effective Destroy cancer cells that return or spread to other parts of your body That depends on: The type of cancer you have How far along it is The goal of treatment: cure, control growth, or ease pain The type of chemotherapy The way your body responds to the treatment You may have chemotherapy in âcycles,â which means a period of treatment and then a period of rest. Then your medical team will likely plan a new cycle to help you get back on track. Intra-arterial ( IA): The drugs go directly into the artery that is feeding the cancer, through a needle, or soft, thin tube (catheter). It depends on the type of chemotherapy, how much you get, and how often you get it.
Question: What happens if nothing helps bursitis?
Answer: When bursitis doesn't respond to treatment or flares up all the time, it could be time for surgery to remove the bursa. You and your doctor will decide if this is the right choice for you. It's usually the last resort.
Question: How can you treat an infected bursa?
Answer: If your doctor sees signs of infection, she'll prescribe antibiotics. If they don't do the trick, she can also use a needle to drain the fluid.
Question: What is knee bursitis?
Answer: Your knees each have a bursa sac that's filled with fluid. Sometimes they get inflamed or infected.
Question: What should I do to treat an inflamed bursa?
Answer: Try these simple steps first: Rest: Take it easy for a few days. Don't do anything that seems to make your symptoms worse. You can still do low-impact or gentle exercises like a light walk or stationary bike ride. Ice: Put an ice pack on your knee about 3 to 4 times a day. You can also use a bag of frozen veggies like peas or corn. Leave it on for 20 minutes at a time. Medicate: Take a mild, over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drug like ibuprofen or naproxen sodium. Elevate: Prop up the sore knee while you rest on the couch. This may ease the swelling.
Question: What are the mental, emotional, and behavioral symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
Answer: Like physical symptoms, how much you are affected mentally and emotionally when you quit smoking will be different for everybody. But assume you will deal with some or all of the following signs of withdrawal: Anxiety. Smoking relieves stress, so your anxiety can skyrocket when you quit. It tends to pop up around 3 days in and can last a couple of weeks. Depression. It can start the first day you quit but is generally gone within a month. But if you have a history of anxiety and/or depression, yours could last longer and you might need extra help from your doctor to manage your symptoms. Irritability. You might have a short fuse -- even find yourself angry -- from time to time as you deal with the physical symptoms. It's normal and should pass. Mental fog. You'll probably have a hard time concentrating as the nicotine wears off and leaves your body.
Question: What are the physical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
Answer: Everybody is different, and symptoms of withdrawal depend on many things, like how long and how many packs a day you've smoked. But for the most part, you can expect to have these common physical issues when you quit: Appetite. Within a day or so of your last cigarette, your appetite will shoot up for a while. A lot of people also find that they eat to fill the time when they used to be smoking. Nicotine cravings are the symptom you will deal with the longest, and they could start just 30 minutes after your last cigarette. Each craving will last only about 15 to 20 minutes, but they'll keep coming. You'll need to do your best to avoid triggers (like drinking alcohol or being around people who smoke) and find ways to get yourself through each craving. Cough. Your respiratory system can't clean itself very well when nicotine is around. As your body works it out, you'll probably have a cough that could last for a few weeks. Headaches and dizziness. These are usually on the mild side, and they're often the first withdrawal symptom to show up and first to taper off. Fatigue. Nicotine is a stimulant and perks you up, so you'll probably feel tired without it. But you'll also be restless and might have insomnia. Constipation. For the first month, constipation can be another unpleasant side effect. Your cravings taper off but anxiety will start to rise.
Question: How fast after I quit smoking will my body start to change?
Answer: Here's what you can expect after finishing your final cigarette: 30 minutes to 4 hours: The effects from the nicotine will wear off and you'll start to crave another cigarette. 2 days: You'll have headaches as the nicotine leaves your system. Your cravings taper off but anxiety will start to rise. 2 to 4 weeks: You still won't have much energy, but the brain fog will be clearing up and your appetite will settle down. Your cough, depression, and anxiety will also improve.
Question: What should you know about nicotine withdrawal?
Answer: Even though nicotine's high isn't as dramatic as cocaine or heroin's, it's equally as addictive as those illegal drugs. And nicotine withdrawal is very real. Nicotine affects all areas of your body, from your heart and blood vessels to your hormones, metabolism, and brain. You'll physically crave that nicotine hit and become irritable if you can't have it. Nicotine withdrawal usually lasts only a month or so, but you could be fighting the mental battle against cigarettes for a long time.