anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Is cancer related to global DNA hypo or hypermethylation?
Answer: DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation are independent processes and appear to play different roles in tumor progression.  Cancer cells are characterized by a generalized disruption of the DNA methylation pattern involving an overall decrease in the level of 5-methylcytosine together with regional hypermethylation of particular CpG islands. Tumors have reduced levels of genomic DNA methylation and contain hypermethylated CpG islands.
Question: Which molecule is targeted by Olaratumab?
Answer: Olaratumab is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody that binds to platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα). It is used for treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.
Question: Which gene therapy treatment is FDA approved for retinal dystrophy?
Answer: Luxturna is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of inherited retinal dystrophy.
Question: During which stage of the cell cycle is cohesin deposited on the yeast genome?
Answer: In the budding yeast, cohesin is loaded onto the chromosome during the late G1 phase, establishes sister chromatid cohesion concomitant with DNA replication, and dissociates by the telophase.
Question: During which stage of the cell cycle is cohesin deposited on the yeast genome?
Answer: Cohesin association with G1 chromosomes requires continued activity of the cohesin loader Mis4/Ssl3, suggesting that repeated loading cycles maintain cohesin binding. In mammalian cells, cohesin binding to chromatin is dynamic in G1, but becomes stabilized during S-phase. Instead, we find that cohesin stability increases at the time of S-phase in a reaction that can be uncoupled from DNA replication. Budding yeast Scc1p/Mcd1p, an essential subunit, is cleaved and dissociates from chromosomes in anaphase, leading to sister chromatid separation.
Question: What is the inheritance pattern of Apert syndrome?
Answer: The Apert syndrome is a disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance.
Question: Hy's law measures failure for what organ?
Answer: Hy's law correlates enzyme elevations with liver injury ad subsequent failure.
Question: Which transcription factor is considered as a master regulator of lysosomal genes?
Answer: Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, driving lysosome adaptation to environmental cues, such as starvation, and therefore targeting of TFEB may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for modulating lysosomal function in human disease.
Question: How can the fetal Rhesus be determined with non-invasive testing?
Answer: The detection of fetal RhD status can be achieved with the non-invasive method of assessing free fetal DNA in the maternal blood.
Question: What is the characteristic domain of histone methyltransferases?
Answer: SET (suppressor of variegation, enhancer of zest and trithorax) domain
Question: Dinutuximab is used for treatment of which disease?
Answer: Dinutuximab, a monoclonal antibody against disialoganglioside, is used for treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma.
Question: What disease is Velcade (bortezomib) mainly used for?
Answer: Velcade (bortezomid), a proteasome inhibitor drug indicated for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Velcade is also approved for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma.
Question: Which tool has been developed for prediction of single-cell DNA methylation states using deep learning?
Answer: DeepCpG is a computational approach based on deep neural networks to predict methylation states in single cells. By evaluating DeepCpG on single-cell methylation data from five cell types generated using alternative sequencing protocols it turns out that DeepCpG yields substantially more accurate predictions than previous methods.
Question: Which tool has been developed for prediction of single-cell DNA methylation states using deep learning?
Answer: DeepCpG is a computational approach based on deep neural networks to predict single-cell DNA methylation states in single cells.
Question: What biologic process in the body is associated with Mast cells?
Answer: Mast cells (MCs) are innate immune cells that are a major source of costimulatory signals and inflammatory mediators in the intestinal mucosa.
Question: What biologic process in the body is associated with Mast cells?
Answer: Mast cells are significantly involved in IgE-mediated allergic reactions but may be involved in defense against parasites as well as other immune mediated diseases including heart disease
Question: What biologic process in the body is associated with Mast cells?
Answer: Mast cells (MCs) are innate immune cells that are a major source of costimulatory signals and inflammatory mediators in the intestinal mucosa
Question: How can the expression of SerH3 immobilization antigen be regulated?
Answer: The expression of Tetrahymena surface proteins serotype H3 (SerH3) is under temperature regulation. SerH3 is expressed when cells are incubated between the temperatures of 20 and 35 degrees C.
Question: Where is the organ of Corti located?
Answer: The cochlea, a coiled structure located in the ventral region of the inner ear, acts as the primary structure for the perception of sound. Along the length of the cochlear spiral is the organ of Corti, a highly derived and rigorously patterned sensory epithelium that acts to convert auditory stimuli into neural impulses.
Question: Which is the database of molecular recognition features in membrane proteins?
Answer: mpMoRFsDB provides valuable information related to disorder-based protein-protein interactions in membrane proteins.
Question: Which is the database of molecular recognition features in membrane proteins?
Answer: mpMoRFsDB provides valuable information related to disorder-based protein-protein interactions in membrane proteins
Question: Which company developed eptinezumab?
Answer: Eptinezumab was developed by Lundbeck Seattle BioPharmaceuticals.
Question: What are the structures formed when keratin molecules come together?
Answer: Keratins form the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton and provide scaffold structures within cells.
Question: What is MOV10?
Answer: MOV10 is an RNA helicase
Question: Which algorithm has been developed for the automatic extraction of co-expressed gene clusters from gene expression data?
Answer: Clust is a method for automatic extraction of optimal co-expressed gene clusters from gene expression data. Clust is available at https://github.com/BaselAbujamous/clust.
Question: Against which protein is the antibody used for immonostaining of Lewy bodies raised?
Answer: alpha-Synuclein is a presynaptic protein, which was identified as a specific component of Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neurites. Therefore, immunostaining for detecting the presence of Lewy bodies is carried out using antibodies against alpha-synuclein.
Question: What is the mode of inheritance of Marchesani syndrome?
Answer: Marchesani syndrome is transmitted either by an autosomal dominant (mutations in FBN1) or an autosomal recessive (mutations in ADAMTS10) mode of inheritance
Question: How does LB-100 affect the DDR proteins (BRCA1, Chk2, and γH2AX)?
Answer: LB100 induced constitutive hyperphosphorylation of DDR proteins (BRCA1, Chk2, and gH2AX).
Question: Which molecule is targeted by Daratumumab?
Answer: Daratumumab, an investigated anti-cancer drug targeting CD38, has been of great interest in the treatment of CD38-expressing malignancies, especially multiple myeloma.
Question: Which molecule is targeted by Daratumumab?
Answer: Daratumumab is a novel, high-affinity, therapeutic human monoclonal antibody against unique CD38 epitope with broad-spectrum killing activity.
Question: Which ligament is most commonly injured in dashboard injury?
Answer: Posterior cruciate ligament injuries have a reported incidence of between 3 and 37%, depending on the clinical setting. The most common mechanism of injury in motor vehicle accidents is a dashboard injury or direct force to the proximal anterior tibia.
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: Vanoxerine's effects were strongly frequency-dependent and we repositioned it for treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter. Vanoxerine has been in clinical trials for Parkinsonism, depression and cocaine addiction but lacked efficacy.
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: Vanoxerine has been in clinical trials for Parkinsonism, depression and cocaine addiction but lacked efficacy. Vanoxerine's effects were strongly frequency-dependent and we repositioned it for treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter.
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: Vanoxerine has been in clinical trials for Parkinsonism, depression and cocaine addiction and can potential treat atrial fibrillation
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: vanoxerine's effects were strongly frequency-dependent and we repositioned it for treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter.
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: Vanoxerine 's effects were strongly frequency-dependent and we repositioned it for treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter.
Question: What alternate indication has Vanoxerine been repositioned for?
Answer: vanoxerine's were strongly frequency-dependent and repositioned it for treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter. . has been in clinical trials for parkinsonism , depression and cocaine addiction but lacked efficacy. .
Question: When was empagliflozin FDA approved?
Answer: Empagliflozin was approved in 2014 by the European Commission and the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Question: Which algorithm is used for detection of long repeat expansions?
Answer: Identifying large expansions of short tandem repeats (STRs), such as those that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and fragile X syndrome, is challenging for short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. A solution to this problem is an important step toward integrating WGS into precision medicine. For that purpose, ExpansionHunter has been developed as a software tool that, using PCR-free WGS short-read data, can genotype repeats at the locus of interest, even if the expanded repeat is larger than the read length.
Question: Which is the most prevalent form of arrhythmia worldwide?
Answer: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide, and it has a significant effect on morbidity and mortality. It is a significant risk factor for stroke and peripheral embolization, and it has an effect on cardiac function. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting up to 1-1.5% of the population.
Question: What percentage of patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) develop recurrent disease?
Answer: 1.04% of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma develop recurrent disease. The overall recurrence rate is 75%.
Question: What percentage of patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) develop recurrent disease?
Answer: The overall recurrence rate was 75% in HPV negative patients and 11% in HPV positive ones. Disease recurred in a spared parotid gland in three patients (1.04%).
Question: Which algorithm has been developed for trio-based benchmarking of variant calls?
Answer: Geck is a tool for trio-based comparative benchmarking tool of variant calls. It is a statistical mixture model for comparing two variant calling pipelines from genotype data they produce after running on individual members of a trio.
Question: What is the function of the protein encoded by the gene PABPC4?
Answer: The main function of PABPC4 is in mRNA stability and translation initiation. PABPC4 may also play a role in chronic inflammation and in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.
Question: What is BORSA?
Answer: Borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is also known as (BORSA)
Question: What is BORSA?
Answer: Borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA)
Question: What is BORSA?
Answer: Borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA).
Question: Which molecular does daratumumab target?
Answer: Daratumumab is an anti-CD38 antibody.
Question: Which network analysis method can you use for prioritization of metabolic disease genes?
Answer: metPropagate is a network-guided propagation of metabolomic information for prioritization of metabolic disease genes.  metPropagate was able to prioritize at least one causative gene in the top 20th percentile of candidate genes for 92% of patients with known IEMs.
Question: Which network analysis method can you use for prioritization of metabolic disease genes?
Answer: Many inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are amenable to treatment, therefore early diagnosis is imperative. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) variant prioritization coupled with phenotype-guided clinical and bioinformatics expertise is typically used to identify disease-causing variants; however, it can be challenging to identify the causal candidate gene when a large number of rare and potentially pathogenic variants are detected. MetPropagate is a network-based approach that uses untargeted metabolomics (UM) data from a single patient and a group of controls to prioritize candidate genes in patients with suspected IEMs.
Question: Which network analysis method can you use for prioritization of metabolic disease genes?
Answer: MetPropagate is a network-guided propagation of metabolomic information for prioritization of metabolic disease genes. Basically, you take a single patient and a group of controls, and compare their metabolomic data to the data of other patients with IEMs. If you find a gene that is in the top 20% of the population, you rank it higher in the network. If not, you don't rank it at all.
Question: Which network analysis method can you use for prioritization of metabolic disease genes?
Answer: Met Propagate is a network-based approach that uses untargeted metabolomics (UM) data from a single patient and a group of controls to prioritize candidate genes in patients with suspected IEMs.
Question: Which network analysis method can you use for prioritization of metabolic disease genes?
Answer: MetPropagate is a network-guided propagation of metabolomic information for prioritization of metabolic disease genes. Basically, you take a single patient and a group of controls, and compare their metabolomic data to the data of other patients with IEMs. If you find a gene that is in the top 20% of the population, you rank it higher than the other genes in the population. If not, you don't.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a specific reversal agent for Factor Xa inhibitors.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. Idarucizumab and andexanet alfa are NOAC-specific reversal agents designed to reverse dabigatran and factor Xa inhibitors accordingly. Andexanet alfa for the reversal of Factor Xa inhibitor related anticoagulation. Andexanet alfa is a specific reversal agent for Factor Xa inhibitors. Andexanet alfa is an antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor enoxaparin.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. Idarucizumab and andexanet alfa are NOAC-specific reversal agents designed to reverse dabigatran and factor Xa inhibitors accordingly. Andexanet alfa for the reversal of Factor Xa inhibitor related anticoagulation. Andexanet alfa is a specific reversal agent for Factor Xa inhibitors. In ex vivo, animal, and volunteer human studies, andexanet alfa (AnXa) was able to dose-dependently reverse Factor Xa inhibition and restore thrombin generation for the duration of drug administration.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: andexanet alfa is a factor xa (fxa) decoy that binds to direct and indirect inhibitors in phase iii trials in healthy volunteers , andexanet alfa reduced anti-fxa activity by more than 90% , reduced the concentration of unbound direct fxa inhibitor , and inhibited thrombin generation . andexanet is an antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor enoxaparin. .
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. In Phase III trials in healthy volunteers, andexanet alfa reduced anti-FXa activity by more than 90%, reduced the concentration of unbound direct FXa inhibitor, and inhibited thrombin generation. Andexanet alfa for the reversal of Factor Xa inhibitor related anticoagulation. Andexanet alfa is an antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor enoxaparin. In ex vivo, animal, and volunteer human studies, andexanet alfa (AnXa) was able to dose-dependently reverse Factor Xa inhibition and restore thrombin generation for the duration of drug administration.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa (r-Antidote, PRT064445; Portola Pharmaceuticals) is a truncated form of enzymatically inactive factor Xa, which binds and reverses the anticoagulant action of the factor Xa inhibitors (e.g.: rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban). Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. Andexanet alfa is an antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor enoxaparin. Andexanet alfa (AnXa), a recombinant modified FXa, is an investigational specific antidote for FXa inhibitors. Antidotes that experimentally reverse the anti-coagulant effect of dabigatran (Idarucizumab; BI 655075; Boehringer Ingelheim); of rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban (Andexanet alfa, r-Antidote, PRT064445; Portola Pharmaceuticals) or of all DOACs (Aripazine, PER-977, ciraparantag; Perosphere Inc.) are discussed. Idarucizumab and andexanet alfa are NOAC-specific reversal agents designed to reverse dabigatran and factor Xa inhibitors accordingly. Andexanet alfa (PRT064445), a specific reversal agent against factor Xa inhibitors, showed a complete reversal of anticoagulant activity of apixaban and rivaroxaban within minutes after administration without adverse effects in two recently completed parallel phase III trials ANNEXA-A and ANNEXA-R respectively.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. Idarucizumab and andexanet alfa are NOAC-specific reversal agents designed to reverse dabigatran and factor Xa inhibitors accordingly.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is an antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor enoxaparin. Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin.
Question: Andexanet Alfa is an antidote of which clotting factor inhibitors?
Answer: Andexanet alfa is a class-specific antidote targeted to reverse the oral direct factor Xa inhibitors as well as the indirect inhibitor, enoxaparin. Andexanet alfa is a factor Xa (FXa) decoy that binds to direct and indirect FXa inhibitors.
Question: What protein is the most common cause of hereditary  renal amyloidosis?
Answer: The most common cause of hereditary  renal amyloidosis is over expression of a mutant form of the Fibrinogen A Alpha protein
Question: Gallbladder carriage is a well recognised means of spread of which bacteria?
Answer: Gallbladder carriage is associated with spread of Salmonella Typhi.
Question: What is the effect of enamel matrix derivative on pulp regeneration?
Answer: EMD increased the osteogenic potential of hDPCs. The expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes, such as ALP, DSPP, BMP, and OPN were also upregulated. In addition, the expression levels of odontogenesis-related transcription factors Osterix and Runx2 were upregulated. Proliferated pulp tissue partly filled the space initially occupied by EMDgel and isolated masses within the proliferated pulp tissue.
Question: Which company produces Eligard?
Answer: Eligard is produced by Astellas Pharma GmbH.
Question: Idarucizumab is an antidote of which drug?
Answer: Idarucizumab is an antidote of Dabigatran. It is used for Dabigatran Reversal.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: Molecular subtyping of cancer is a critical step towards more individualized therapy and provides important biological insights into cancer heterogeneity. Although gene expression signature-based classification has been widely demonstrated to be an effective approach in the last decade, the widespread implementation has long been limited by platform differences, batch effects, and the difficulty to classify individual patient samples. DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification. It is platform independent, robust to missing data, and can be used for single sample prediction facilitating clinical implementation of cancer molecular subtyping.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification. It is based on deep learning of functional spectra quantifying activities of biological pathways. In two case studies about colorectal and breast cancer classification, DeepCC classifiers and DeepCC single sample predictors both achieved overall higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: The DeepCC framework is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification. In two case studies about colorectal and breast cancer classification, DeepCC classifier and DeepCC single sample predictors both achieved overall higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared with other widely used classification methods such as random forests (RF), support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and multinomial logistic regression algorithms.
Question: Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?
Answer: DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification. DeepCC is platform independent, robust to missing data, and can be used for single sample prediction.