anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What are some ways to prevent reactions if I have dust mite allergies?
Answer: Here are some tips to help prevent allergic asthma at home: For prevention of asthma and allergies when you have dust mite allergies, try the following strategies: Wash all bedding in hot water once a week. Don't allow smoking in your house. Wear a mask and gloves when cleaning, vacuuming, or painting to limit dust and chemical exposure. Vacuum twice a week. When possible, choose hardwood floors instead of carpeting. Dust all surfaces with a damp cloth often, including lampshades and windowsills. Keep clutter under control. Replace traditional stuffed animals with washable stuffed animals. Pillows and bedding should not contain feathers. Keep indoor humidity low (25%-50%). Use a dehumidifier. Regularly change filters on heaters and air conditioners. Also change your shirt.
Question: What are some ways to prevent reactions if I have mold and mildew allergies?
Answer: For asthma prevention when you have mold and mildew allergies, try the following suggestions: Air out damp, humid areas frequently. Do not carpet the bathroom. Avoid sources of outdoor molds, such as wet leaves or garden debris. To clean visible mold, use a cleaning solution containing 5% bleach and a small amount of detergent. Avoid areas where molds may collect, including basements, garages, crawl spaces, barns, and compost heaps. Don't leave wet clothes in the washer where mold can quickly grow. Store firewood outside. Use air conditioning if possible.
Question: What can dental X-rays do?
Answer: Dental X-rays help dentists visualize diseases of the teeth and surrounding tissue that cannot be seen with a simple oral exam. In addition, X-rays help the dentist find and treat dental problems early in their development, which can potentially save you money, unnecessary discomfort, and maybe even your life.
Question: What problems can dental X-rays detect in adults?
Answer: In adults, dental X-rays can be used to: Show areas of decay that may not be visible with an oral exam, especially small areas of decay between teeth Identify decay occurring beneath an existing filling Reveal bone loss that accompanies gum disease Reveal changes in the bone or in the root canal resulting from infection Assist in the preparation of tooth implants, braces, dentures, or other dental procedures Reveal an abscess (an infection at the root of a tooth or between the gum and a tooth) In children, dental X-rays are used to: Watch for decay Determine if there is enough space in the mouth to fit all incoming teeth Determine if primary teeth are being lost quickly enough to allow permanent teeth to come in properly Check for the development of wisdom teeth and identify if the teeth are impacted (unable to emerge through the gums) Reveal other developmental abnormalities, such as cysts and some types of tumors The frequency of getting X-rays of your teeth often depends on your medical and dental history and current condition.
Question: What causes a broken tailbone after giving birth?
Answer: The coccyx (tailbone) is at the very bottom of your spine. If your baby moves through the birth canal very quickly or at the wrong angle, it can bruise or fracture your tailbone. It's more likely if your doctor delivers your baby with forceps. The pain can last for weeks or months. It may hurt when you sit down, stand for a long time, use the bathroom, or have sex.
Question: What causes pelvic girdle pain after childbirth?
Answer: It's more likely if your doctor delivers your baby with forceps. This is often a last resort, and it isn't common. There may be swelling or bleeding when the ligament stretches and the bones come apart. A gap between your pelvic bones can be painful. That pain can last for 3 to 8 months. It may hurt when you walk, and you may have trouble walking normally. You may also be in pain when you sit or stand for a long time.
Question: What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES)?
Answer: Zollinger- Ellison syndrome ( ZES) is a disease of the gastrointestinal system. People who have ZES develop tumors known as gastrinomas in the pancreas and duodenum (the first section of the small intestine). The gastrinomas caused by ZES secrete the hormone gastrin. Because gastrin creates excessive stomach acid, 90 percent of patients with ZES develop stomach and duodenal ulcers.
Question: How should I dress a child with eczema?
Answer: Wash clothes before wearing. Avoid heavy, tight, or scratchy material such as wool, nylon, or synthetic fibers.
Question: What are tips to help prevent skin irritation in a child with eczema?
Answer: Keep your child's fingernails short and clean. Avoid any substance you know will trigger an allergy. Avoid irritants such as perfumed soaps and detergents. Use cold compresses to relieve the itch. Don't let your baby get too hot or sweaty. Either one can make eczema worse. Never give a baby an antihistamine without talking to a pediatrician first. Ask your pediatrician about medications to relieve itching and whether food or environmental allergens could be triggering the eczema.
Question: When should I call a doctor about my baby's eczema?
Answer: Your baby develops a new rash. The rash looks infected, appears redder, or has a yellow crust or ooze. Home eczema treatments aren't helping. Your baby has a fever associated with the rash.
Question: How do I moisturize a baby with eczema?
Answer: It's not a dangerous condition, but it can be itchy and uncomfortable for baby and frustrating for parents. Limit your use of soap and discuss with your doctor the type of soap you should use. Hypoallergenic fragrance-free moisturizers are best.
Question: How do I bathe a child with eczema?
Answer: Hot water can make eczema worse. Limit your use of soap and discuss with your doctor the type of soap you should use. Rinse your child's skin twice to remove soap residue. Keep baths short since prolonged contact with water can be irritating. Either one can make eczema worse.
Question: Why is it important for cancer doctors to have experience?
Answer: Ask how many cases your doctor has treated over his or her career and over the past year. How many is enough? There's no easy answer. But you should have the feeling that your doctor is treating people like you on a regular basis.
Question: What other doctors may help with the treatment of cancer?
Answer: Depending on your case, you may also need to see other types of doctors for special cancer care. For instance, you may need to see a hematologist, who specializes in treating disorders of the blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Sometimes, surgery might be done by a general surgeon instead of a surgical oncologist. Or you might need to see a plastic surgeon if you need reconstructive surgery after treatment. You might also wish to see a psychiatrist or a psycho-oncologist, a psychiatrist who specializes in the psychological challenges of coping with cancer.
Question: Why is it important for cancer doctors to have good training?
Answer: Those framed degrees on a cancer specialist's wall aren't just for decoration, says Terri Ades, DNP, FNP- BC, AOCN, director of cancer information at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta. Look at them closely. Where did your doctor train? Ask if he or she has other special qualifications or areas of interest. Ask if he or she has published any relevant journal articles on cancer treatment.
Question: Why is it important to be open with your questions when choosing a cancer doctor?
Answer: This is one of the most important things to look for in a cancer specialist. You need to feel like your doctor is listening to you and answering your questions. Also, make sure your doctor will be available to you when you need to talk to him or her -- even after you leave the office.
Question: Other than cancer treatment specialists, what other specialists may I need to see for cancer care?
Answer: Depending on your case, you may also need to see other types of doctors for special cancer care. For instance, you may need to see a hematologist, who specializes in treating disorders of the blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Sometimes, surgery might be done by a general surgeon instead of a surgical oncologist. Or you might need to see a plastic surgeon if you need reconstructive surgery after treatment. You might also wish to see a psychiatrist or a psycho-oncologist, a psychiatrist who specializes in the psychological challenges of coping with cancer.
Question: How important is school, training, and qualifications in choosing a cancer specialist?
Answer: Those framed degrees on a cancer specialist's wall aren't just for decoration, says Terri Ades, DNP, FNP- BC, AOCN, director of cancer information at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta. Look at them closely. Where did your doctor train? Ask if he or she has other special qualifications or areas of interest.
Question: What is a medical oncologist?
Answer: This is the cancer specialist you'll probably see most often. Usually your oncologist will oversee your general care and coordinate treatments with other specialists. Your oncologist will also be in charge of chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. You'll likely visit your medical oncologist for long-term, regular checkups.
Question: What are the different kinds of cancer specialists?
Answer: Basically, there are three ways to treat cancer: with medicine (such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy), with radiation, and with surgery. Each treatment may be handled by a different specialist. Not every person will need all three types of treatments.
Question: What is a surgical oncologist?
Answer: This is a surgeon who has special training in treating cancer. Your surgical oncologist may be called in to diagnose cancer with a biopsy. Surgical oncologists also treat cancer by removing tumors or other cancerous tissue.
Question: How do medical oncologists treat cancer?
Answer: This is the cancer specialist you'll probably see most often. Usually your oncologist will oversee your general care and coordinate treatments with other specialists. Your oncologist will also be in charge of chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. You'll likely visit your medical oncologist for long-term, regular checkups.
Question: How do surgical oncologists treat cancer?
Answer: This is a surgeon who has special training in treating cancer. Your surgical oncologist may be called in to diagnose cancer with a biopsy. Surgical oncologists also treat cancer by removing tumors or other cancerous tissue.
Question: Should my cancer specialist be board certified?
Answer: Board-certified doctors are trained in a specific area of medicine and must pass an exam testing their knowledge and skill. So if your doctor is board-certified -- in medical oncology or surgery, for instance -- you can be confident that he or she is highly qualified in that field. That said, board certification is not available for every subtype of cancer treatment.
Question: What type of experience should I look for in my cancer specialist?
Answer: A cancer specialist should have a lot of experience treating the specific type of cancer that you have. Ask how many cases your doctor has treated over his or her career and over the past year. How many is enough? There's no easy answer.
Question: What is a radiation oncologist?
Answer: Radiation oncologist.
Question: Other than tangible qualifications, what should I look for in a cancer specialist?
Answer: This is one of the most important things to look for in a cancer specialist. You need to feel like your doctor is listening to you and answering your questions. Also, make sure your doctor will be available to you when you need to talk to him or her -- even after you leave the office.
Question: How does someone find a cancer specialist?
Answer: Usually your oncologist will oversee your general care and coordinate treatments with other specialists. Your insurance company may also have a specific list of providers that they will work with.
Question: How many cancer specialists will someone with cancer need to see?
Answer: Cancer is a complex and tricky disease, so you may need to see several different cancer specialists during your treatment. You need to feel like your doctor is listening to you and answering your questions.
Question: Where do I go to find a cancer specialist?
Answer: Usually your oncologist will oversee your general care and coordinate treatments with other specialists. Your insurance company may also have a specific list of providers that they will work with. There are other ways to get the names of cancer specialists. You could call your local hospital and ask for the names of cancer specialists who are on staff.
Question: How can I prepare for an electrocardiogram (EKG)?
Answer: Your doctor uses the EKG to: Assess your heart rhythm Diagnose poor blood flow to the heart muscle (ischemia) Diagnose a heart attack Evaluate certain abnormalities of your heart, such as an enlarged heart To prepare for an EKG: Avoid oily or greasy skin creams and lotions the day of the test. They interfere with the electrode-skin contact. Avoid full-length hosiery, because electrodes need to be placed directly on the legs. Wear a shirt that can be easily removed to place the leads on the chest.
Question: What can an electrocardiogram (EKG) do?
Answer: Your doctor uses the EKG to: Assess your heart rhythm Diagnose poor blood flow to the heart muscle (ischemia) Diagnose a heart attack Evaluate certain abnormalities of your heart, such as an enlarged heart To prepare for an EKG: Avoid oily or greasy skin creams and lotions the day of the test.
Question: What is a signal-averaged electrocardiogram (EKG)?
Answer: This is a painless test used to assess whether a person is at high risk of developing a potentially fatal heart arrhythmia.
Question: What is a holter monitor?
Answer: A holter monitor is a portable EKG that monitors the electrical activity of a person's heart, generally for one to two days, 24 hours a day. It is most often used when the doctor suspects an abnormal heart rhythm or ischemia (not enough blood flow to the heart muscle). It is a painless test; electrodes from the monitor are taped to the skin. Once the monitor is in place, you can go home and perform all of your normal activities (except showering). You will be asked to keep a diary of your activities and any symptoms you experience and when they occur.
Question: What is an event monitor?
Answer: If your symptoms are infrequent your doctor may suggest an event monitor. This is a device that, when you push a button, will record and store the heart's electrical activity for a few minutes. Each time you develop symptoms you should try to get a reading on the monitor. Event monitors are typically used for one month.
Question: What is an electrocardiogram (EKG)?
Answer: An EKG may be part of a routine physical exam or it may be used as a test for heart disease. During an EKG, a technician will attach 10 electrodes with adhesive pads to the skin of your chest, arms, and legs.
Question: How does hepatitis C (HCV) affect your baby?
Answer: How HCV Affects Your Baby One in 20 infants born to mothers with HCV gets the virus. That can happen in the womb, during delivery, or after the baby is born. The disease usually does not affect your baby before birth. Your child can't catch the virus from your breast milk, but check with your doctor if your nipples are cracked or bleeding since the virus spreads through blood. There's no way to prevent the virus from spreading to your baby. You don't need to deliver by cesarian section just because you have hepatitis C. Test and Care Most doctors recommend testing a baby for hepatitis C after they're 18 months old.
Question: How do you get hepatitis A?
Answer: You usually get hepatitis A by eating or drinking something that has had contact with an infected person's poop, such as through dirty hands during food prep. Most people recover on their own without treatment. It's rare for pregnant women to pass it to her child.
Question: If I have hepatitis B, does my newborn need treatment?
Answer: Care After Delivery There's no cure for hepatitis B. But if your newborn gets his first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine and another shot called hepatitis B immune globulin within 12 hours, he has better than a 90% chance of never getting the virus. All babies routinely get the first shot. But they get the immune globulin only if the mother has or is suspected of having HBV. The baby also needs two remaining doses of the vaccine over the next 6 months to get maximum protection. You can safely breastfeed if you have hepatitis B.
Question: What is hepatitis B (HBV)?
Answer: Like hepatitis C, this virus can cause serious infections that damage the liver. You can pass both viruses to your baby before, during, or after vaginal or C-section delivery. The difference with hepatitis B is that: You can get it not only through blood, but less likely through semen, vaginal discharge, saliva, and other body fluids. A vaccine can prevent HBV infection, and most babies get it at birth.
Question: Can hepatitis A affect your labor?
Answer: But HAV can make you go into labor too early, especially if you get the virus after your first trimester. It can lead to other dangerous complications, such as causing your placenta to separate from your uterus before your baby is ready to be born.
Question: What are hepatitis C tests for babies?
Answer: You don't need to deliver by cesarian section just because you have hepatitis C. Test and Care Most doctors recommend testing a baby for hepatitis C after they're 18 months old. Checking before then isn't useful because a very young infant still carries his mother's antibodies to HCV. A test would show that the baby is infected when he might not be.
Question: What is hepatitis C (HCV)?
Answer: Today, most Americans get it after sharing needles or other tools to inject drugs. HCV is showing up in more and more pregnant women, probably because of the sharp rise in heroin and prescription drug abuse. Your child can't catch the virus from your breast milk, but check with your doctor if your nipples are cracked or bleeding since the virus spreads through blood.
Question: Does having hepatitis affect a pregnancy?
Answer: Usually, it won't hurt your unborn baby or affect your pregnancy. If your doctor knows you have it, or might have it, she can help you manage it during your pregnancy to lower the chances of any long-term liver disease for you and your baby. Like hepatitis C, this virus can cause serious infections that damage the liver. It's rare for pregnant women to pass it to her child.
Question: What should you do if you think you've been exposed to the hepatitis A virus and are pregnant?
Answer: Usually, it won't hurt your unborn baby or affect your pregnancy. What You Can Do Hepatitis A is more common in places without clean food and water and with poor sanitation systems. If you are pregnant or of childbearing age, consider getting an HAV vaccine before you visit those areas. If you've eaten at a restaurant that reported a hepatitis A outbreak, see your doctor. But you need to get it within 2 weeks of getting the virus.
Question: What types of fats are heart-healthy?
Answer: Favor unsaturated fats, such as canola, olive, and peanut oils. These oils are less likely than butter or lard to clog your arteries. Eat fish that are high in omega-3 fatty acids, including albacore tuna, salmon, and sardines. Omega-3s seem to lower triglycerides, fight plaque in your arteries, lower blood pressure, and reduce your risk of abnormal heart rhythms.
Question: How can I handle allergies from pets?
Answer: Since there's no completely âhypoallergenicâ dog or cat, these strategies may help: Make your bedroom off-limits. You spend a lot of time there, so if you keep your pet out of that room, that will help. Dust with a damp cloth often. You might want to wear a mask when you do that. Clean up after playtime. Wash your hands and change your clothes after you play with your pet.
Question: How can I control or prevent allergies at home?
Answer: Pollen, mold, dust mites, and animal dander are some of the usual things that cause itchy eyes and congestion. Keep windows closed and use air conditioning. Clean air filters frequently and air ducts at least once a year. Keep humidity in your house at 50% or below to prevent mold growth. Install dehumidifiers in basements and other damp areas. Avoid moldy areas: basements, garages, crawl spaces, barns, and compost heaps. Keep pets outside. Wash bedding in hot water every week to kill dust mites. Vacuum with a double-layered microfilter bag or a HEPA filter. Use air conditioning.
Question: What are common allergy triggers in homes?
Answer: Take these steps to control the things that trigger your reactions. Pollen, mold, dust mites, and animal dander are some of the usual things that cause itchy eyes and congestion. To get rid of them, you can make changes in your home and your daily habits, as well as taking your medicine. You're allergic but want to keep your pet.
Question: Which areas do doctors recommend to have fine needle aspiration?
Answer: Doctors may recommend fine needle aspiration for areas such as: cysts (fluid-filled lumps) nodules or masses (solid lumps) enlarged lymph nodes Without a biopsy, it's usually hard for a doctor to confirm what these abnormal areas contain.
Question: Why do people get a fine needle aspiration?
Answer: The most common reason to get a fine needle aspiration is to test for cancer. Most fine needle aspirations are done on these areas: breast thyroid gland lymph nodes in the neck, groin, or armpit Those types of fine needle aspirations are performed through the skin.
Question: What over-the-counter pain medications can help with managing discomfort after a fine needle aspiration?
Answer: At the biopsy site, you may have some: swelling soreness pain In most people, over-the-counter pain medicines are enough to decrease discomfort. Examples include the generic drug acetaminophen. It is also sold under these brand names: Actamin Panadol Tylenol Final results of testing after a fine needle aspiration can take up to a week or longer.
Question: When should a fine needle aspiration be done
Answer: Or it may be discovered on an imaging test such as: CT scan mammogram ultrasound Imaging tests may also discover abnormal spots deeper inside the body. Most fine needle aspirations are done on these areas: breast thyroid gland lymph nodes in the neck, groin, or armpit Those types of fine needle aspirations are performed through the skin. Ultrasound may be used during the procedure.
Question: What are potential complications from a fine needle aspiration?
Answer: Complications are infrequent. Minor bleeding under the skin at the biopsy site can occur. This can result in a tender, swollen area called a hematoma. Infection at the biopsy site is rare, because sterile techniques and equipment are used for all fine needle aspirations. The risk of complications from fine needle aspiration during endoscopy is slightly higher. But it is still quite low for most people.
Question: What should I expect after fine needle aspiration?
Answer: If you will be getting sedating medication, be sure to bring someone with you to drive you home. At the biopsy site, you may have some: swelling soreness pain In most people, over-the-counter pain medicines are enough to decrease discomfort.
Question: What can I do at home to treat food poisoning?
Answer: Diarrhea and vomiting can really throw off your body's balance of fluids and electrolytes. Electrolytes are minerals, such as sodium and potassium, that help with everything from keeping your heartbeat normal to controlling how much water is in your body. So your main job is to drink plenty of fluids. Start with ice chips or small sips if you need to.