anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What motor skills milestones should you expect in your 2-month-old?
Answer: Two-month-old babies are gaining more control over their bodies. That means they can hold their head a little steadier while lying on their tummies or being supported upright. In the second month of life, babies continue to have a strong sucking reflex. You may notice your baby likes to suck on a fist or a few fingers. This is one of the best ways babies have of comforting themselves. At 2 months, your baby doesn't yet have the coordination to play with toys. But she may bat at a colorful object hanging in front of her. Your baby may even briefly hold a toy that you place in one of her hands.
Question: What milestones should you expect in your 2-month-old?
Answer: You're also learning what makes your 2-month-old tick -- from likes and dislikes, to crying triggers, which are pretty basic at this point: hunger, sleepiness, and dirty diapers. In the second month of life, babies continue to have a strong sucking reflex.
Question: What are some tips for your babyâs second month?
Answer: Even though 2-month-old babies can't talk back, they will respond to the sound of your voice, and it will encourage them to start forming their own first words in the coming months. The first few months of a baby's life are exciting and nerve-wracking for new parents. Don't be afraid to ask for advice when you need it. Your pediatrician is the best source for information, but family and friends are good back-ups. Alternate the carrier with periods of tummy time, stroller walks, and plenty of cuddles in your arms. Babies should not routinely sleep in carriers, car seats, or bouncy seats. Touch is very important during baby's first months. Try some skin-to-skin contact. Some experts recommend baby massage, but just holding or rocking her is enough. When your infant cries, try different soothing techniques. Some babies respond to soft music or singing. Others are calmed by ''white noise'' (for example, running the vacuum cleaner or placing the radio dial between stations). If you haven't already done so, try introducing a pacifier. They are soothing and have also been found to help prevent SIDS. Experiment to find what works best for your 2-month-old.
Question: Who should not take ginseng?
Answer: Given the lack of evidence about its safety, ginseng is not recommended for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Question: Can I get ginseng naturally from foods?
Answer: Ginseng is sometimes added to energy drinks and foods.
Question: How effective is ginseng?
Answer: Some studies have found that ginseng may boost the immune system. There is some evidence that one particular type of American ginseng extract might decrease the number and severity of colds in adults. Several studies in people have also shown that ginseng may lower blood sugar levels. There is some early evidence that ginseng might temporarily -- and modestly -- improve concentration and learning. In some studies of mental performance, ginseng has been combined with ginkgo. While these studies are intriguing, many experts feel that we need more evidence. Ginseng has also been studied as a way to improve mood and boost endurance as well as treat cancer, heart disease, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, hepatitis C, high blood pressure, menopausal symptoms, and other conditions. While some of these uses are promising, the evidence isn't conclusive.
Question: How common is ginseng?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Different varieties of ginseng root have been used as treatments in Asia and North America for centuries. Ginseng is one of the most popular herbal medicines in the world.
Question: How can I take ginseng safely without side effects?
Answer: Side effects from ginseng are generally mild. After a break -- or âholidayâ -- your doctor might recommend that you begin taking it again for another few weeks or months.
Question: How much ginseng should I take?
Answer: Quality and active ingredients in supplements may vary widely from maker to maker. This makes it very hard to establish a standard dose. Always buy ginseng from a well-respected company. Because it's an expensive root, there is a risk that disreputable manufacturers might sell adulterated ginseng or include less than advertised on the bottle. There have also been some reports of allergic reactions to ginseng.
Question: What are the side effects of taking ginseng?
Answer: Ginseng has also been studied as a way to improve mood and boost endurance as well as treat cancer, heart disease, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, hepatitis C, high blood pressure, menopausal symptoms, and other conditions. Standard doses of ginseng have not been established for any condition. Since ginseng can act as a stimulant in some people. To avoid side effects from ginseng, some experts suggest that ginseng shouldn't be used for more than three months -- or sometimes just a few weeks -- at a time. Given the lack of evidence about its safety, ginseng is not recommended for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Question: Can ginseng cause adverse drug interactions?
Answer: Several studies in people have also shown that ginseng may lower blood sugar levels. In some studies of mental performance, ginseng has been combined with ginkgo. Do not take ginseng without consulting your doctor if you take any medications. Caffeine may amplify ginseng's stimulant effects.
Question: What is ginseng?
Answer: However, its benefits for most of them haven't been seriously researched. There are two main types of ginseng: Asian or Korean ginseng ( Panax ginseng) and American ginseng ( Panax quinquefolius). Studies have found that the different types have different benefits. In traditional Chinese medicine, American ginseng is considered less stimulating than the Asian variety. Although many other herbs are called ginseng -- like eleuthero, or Siberian ginseng -- they do not contain the active ingredient of ginsenosides. In some studies of mental performance, ginseng has been combined with ginkgo.
Question: What are the disadvantages of deep brain stimulation (DBS)?
Answer: Disadvantages of deep brain stimulation include: Increased risk of infection from the presence of a foreign object in the body Repeat surgery every three to five years in order to replace the battery in the device Uncomfortable sensations that may occur during stimulation There are many important issues to be addressed when considering deep brain stimulation.
Question: How effective is deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment for essential tremor?
Answer: Deep brain stimulation provides moderate relief for approximately 90% of patients with essential tremor.
Question: How does deep brain stimulation (DBS) work for treating essential tremor?
Answer: To treat essential tremor with deep brain stimulation, electrodes are placed in the thalamus during surgery. The electrodes are connected by wires to a type of pacemaker device (called an impulse generator, or IPG) implanted under the skin of the chest, below the collarbone. Once activated, the device sends continuous (painless) electrical pulses to the thalamus, blocking the impulses that cause tremors.
Question: How should I care for the surgical area of deep brain stimulation (DBS) once I get home?
Answer: Your stitches or staples will be removed seven to 10 days after surgery. Each of the four pin sites should be kept covered with band-aids until they are dry. These should be changed every day as necessary. You will be able to wash your head with a damp cloth, avoiding the surgical area. You may shampoo your hair the day after your stitches or staples are removed, but only very gently. You should not scratch or irritate the wound areas.
Question: When will I be able to go home after deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery?
Answer: The average hospital stay for deep brain stimulation surgery is two to three days.
Question: Why will you need to stay awake during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery?
Answer: You will remain awake but in a type of "twilight" zone during most of deep brain stimulation surgery. This allows the surgical team to interact with you when testing the effects of the stimulation. Small amounts of local anesthetic (pain-relieving medication) are given in sensitive areas. The vast majority of people experience minimal discomfort during the procedure.
Question: What should you do before you consider deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor?
Answer: Disadvantages of deep brain stimulation include: Increased risk of infection from the presence of a foreign object in the body Repeat surgery every three to five years in order to replace the battery in the device Uncomfortable sensations that may occur during stimulation There are many important issues to be addressed when considering deep brain stimulation. These issues should be discussed with a movement disorders expert or a specially trained neurologist. Before considering DBS, you should exhaust all medication options. Surgery is not recommended if medications can adequately control the disease.
Question: What is deep brain stimulation (DBS)?
Answer: Deep brain stimulation ( DBS) is used to treat a number of movement disorders, including Essential Tremor. DBS is a way to inactivate the thalamus, a structure deep in the brain that coordinates and controls muscle activity. The true cause of essential tremor is still not understood, but it is thought that the abnormal brain activity that causes tremor is processed through the thalamus.
Question: What activities are restricted after deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery?
Answer: You should not engage in light activities for two weeks after deep brain stimulation surgery. This includes housework and sexual activity. You should not engage in heavy activities for four to six weeks after surgery. This includes jogging, swimming, or any other aerobic activity. You should not lift more than five pounds for at least two weeks. Depending on the type of work you do, you may return to work within four to six weeks.
Question: What are the risks of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery?
Answer: Disadvantages of deep brain stimulation include: Increased risk of infection from the presence of a foreign object in the body Repeat surgery every three to five years in order to replace the battery in the device Uncomfortable sensations that may occur during stimulation There are many important issues to be addressed when considering deep brain stimulation. Be sure to discuss these with your doctor and ask questions before surgery.
Question: What causes gastroenteritis?
Answer: There are many ways gastroenteritis can be spread: Contact with someone who has the virus Contaminated food or water Unwashed hands after going to the bathroom or changing a diaper The most common cause of gastroenteritis is a virus. Gastroenteritis flu can be caused by many different kinds of viruses. The main types are rotavirus and norovirus.
Question: What are symptoms of gastroenteritis?
Answer: You might also have stomach pain, cramping, fever, nausea, and a headache. Because of diarrhea and vomiting, you also can become dehydrated. Watch for signs of dehydration, such as dry skin and a dry mouth, feeling lightheaded, and being really thirsty. Call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms. Norovirus is the most common cause of serious gastroenteritis and also foodborne disease outbreaks in the U. S. Although not as common, bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella can also trigger the stomach flu. Salmonella and campylobacter bacteria are the most common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in the U. S. and are usually spread by undercooked poultry, eggs, or poultry juices.
Question: Can bacteria cause the stomach flu?
Answer: Gastroenteritis flu can be caused by many different kinds of viruses. Norovirus is the most common cause of serious gastroenteritis and also foodborne disease outbreaks in the U. S. Although not as common, bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella can also trigger the stomach flu. Salmonella and campylobacter bacteria are the most common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in the U. S. and are usually spread by undercooked poultry, eggs, or poultry juices. Salmonella can also be spread through pet reptiles or live poultry. Another bacteria, shigella, is often passed around in day care centers. It typically is spread from person to person, and common sources of infection are contaminated food and drinking water.
Question: How long does chemotherapy drug treatment for rheumatologic and autoimmune diseases last?
Answer: Although there are some differences among the drugs and how they are used to treat certain rheumatologic and autoimmune diseases, these drugs usually produce benefits gradually, requiring weeks to months for full effectiveness. Generally, if there is no benefit within four months, it is unlikely that continuing the chemotherapy drug at the same dose will be helpful. Methotrexate and Imuran can be used for prolonged periods (many years) if necessary, as long as they do not cause serious side effects. Cytoxan is generally used for more limited periods because of its greater side effects. However, in certain cases more prolonged use may be necessary.
Question: How is chemotherapy used to treat arthritis different from chemotherapy used to treat cancer?
Answer: In cancer treatment, chemotherapy refers to particular class of drugs used to kill or slow the reproduction of rapidly multiplying cells. In rheumatology, chemotherapy is designed to decrease the abnormal behavior of cells, rather than kill cells. The doses of medication used for rheumatic or autoimmune conditions are generally lower than the doses used for cancer treatment.
Question: How can I cut the chance of having side effects from chemotherapy drugs used to treat my arthritis?
Answer: The occurrence of side effects depends on the dose, type of drug, and length of treatment. It is very important to have the appropriate follow-up exams and lab testing while taking chemotherapy drugs.
Question: How does chemotherapy treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases?
Answer: In many rheumatic diseases, inflammation causes damage to parts of the body; for example - causing painful joints as in rheumatoid arthritis. In many cases, inflammation results from autoimmunity, a malfunction of the immune system where one's own tissues or organs are not recognized as such and are attacked by the body's immune system. Chemotherapy helps people with certain inflammatory and autoimmune diseases because it slows cell reproduction and decreases certain products made by these cells that cause an inflammatory response to occur.
Question: What chemotherapy drugs are used to treat rheumatic diseases?
Answer: These include: Methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall). Methotrexate is the chemotherapeutic drug most widely used by rheumatologists because it is effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and certain other rheumatic diseases (such as certain forms of vasculitis, or inflammation of blood vessels), and it is relatively safe. Usually taken in a single or twice daily dose by mouth, Imuran also is used to suppress the abnormal immune response in some patients with vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus), and rheumatoid arthritis. Cytoxan is a more powerful drug and has more side effects than methotrexate and Imuran. It is usually given intravenously to treat the most aggressive and dangerous rheumatic diseases and their complications, such as severe lupus and some forms of vasculitis.
Question: How common is it for children with ADHD to also have a mood disorder, such as depression?
Answer: Up to 30% of children who have ADHD also have a serious mood disorder like depression. And some experts say that more than half of people who have the condition will get treatment for depression at some point in their lives.
Question: How can psychotherapy help to treat ADHD and depression?
Answer: Psychotherapy can offer ways to manage your symptoms and live a healthy life. A therapist can give you strategies to deal with everyday challenges, such as issues with friends, family, work, or school.
Question: How is epididymitis treated?
Answer: Treatment for epididymitis includes antibiotics (drugs that kill the bacteria causing the infection), bed rest, ice to reduce swelling, the use of a scrotal supporter, and anti-inflammatory medicines ( NSAIDS such as ibuprofen). Partners will need to be treated if the epididymitis is due to a sexually transmitted infection to prevent re-infection.
Question: What is epididymitis?
Answer: Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis. The epididymis is the coiled tube that lies on and around each testicle. It functions in the transport, storage, and maturation of sperm cells that are produced in the testicles. The epididymis connects the testicles with the vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm).
Question: What problems are associated with hypogonadism?
Answer: When it occurs in adult men, hypogonadism may cause the following problems: Erectile dysfunction (the inability to achieve or maintain an erection) Infertility Decreased sex drive Decrease in beard and growth of body hair Decrease in size or firmness of the testicles Decrease in muscle mass and increase in body fat Lose of bone mass (osteoporosis) Enlarged male breast tissue Mental and emotional symptoms similar to those of menopause in women (hot flashes, mood swings, irritability, depression, fatigue) There are various causes of hypogonadism, including: Klinefelter's syndrome.
Question: How successful is testicular cancer treatment?
Answer: The success of testicular cancer treatment depends on the stage of the disease when it is first detected and treated. If the cancer is found and treated before it spreads to the lymph nodes, the cure rate is very high, greater than 98%. Even after testicular cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, treatment is highly effective, with a cure rate greater than 90%.
Question: What treatments are available for testicular cancer?
Answer: Surgery is the most common treatment for testicular cancer. Surgical treatment involves removing one or both testicles through an incision in the groin. In some cases, the doctor also may remove some of the lymph nodes in the abdomen. Radiation, which uses high-energy rays to attack cancer, and chemotherapy, which uses drugs to kill cancer, are other treatment options. Removing the one testicle should not lead to problems with having sex or children. The remaining testicle will continue making sperm and the male hormone testosterone. To re-establish a normal appearance, a man may be able to have a testicular prosthesis surgically implanted in the scrotum which looks and feels like a normal testicle.
Question: What are the symptoms of testicular cancer?
Answer: Symptoms of testicular cancer include a lump, irregularity or enlargement in either testicle; a pulling sensation or feeling of unusual heaviness in the scrotum; a dull ache in the groin or lower abdomen; and pain or discomfort (which may come and go) in a testicle or the scrotum.
Question: What is testicular trauma?
Answer: Because the testicles are located within the scrotum, which hangs outside of the body, they do not have the protection of muscles and bones. This makes it easier for the testicles to be struck, hit, kicked, or crushed, which occurs most often during contact sports. Males can protect their testicles by wearing athletic cups during sports. Trauma to the testicles can cause severe pain, bruising, and/or swelling. In most cases, the testes -- which are made of a spongy material -- can absorb the shock of an injury without serious damage. A rare type of testicular trauma, called testicular rupture, occurs when the testicle receives a direct blow or is squeezed against the hard bones of the pelvis. This injury can cause blood to leak into the scrotum. In severe cases, surgery to repair the rupture -- and thus save the testicle -- may be necessary.
Question: What is testicular cancer?
Answer: Testicular cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the testicles divide and grow uncontrolled. In some cases, certain benign (non-cancerous) tumors may progress and become cancer. Testicular cancer can develop in one or both testicles in men or young boys.
Question: What disorders affect the testicles?
Answer: Some of the more common conditions that affect the testicles include testicular trauma, testicular torsion, testicular cancer, epididymitis, and hypogonadism.
Question: What is hypogonadism?
Answer: Hypogonadism in men is a condition that occurs when the testicles (also called gonads) do not produce enough testosterone. Primary hypogonadism occurs when there is a problem or abnormality in the testicles themselves. Secondary hypogonadism occurs when there is a problem with the pituitary gland in the brain, which sends chemical messages to the testicles to produce testosterone. Hypogonadism can occur during fetal development, at puberty, or in adult men.
Question: What is testicular torsion?
Answer: Because the testicles are located within the scrotum, which hangs outside of the body, they do not have the protection of muscles and bones. Sometimes, this cord gets twisted around a testicle, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. Symptoms of testicular torsion include sudden and severe pain, enlargement of the affected testicle, tenderness, and swelling. This condition, which occurs most often in men under the age of 25, can result from an injury to the testicles or from strenuous activity. It also can occur for no apparent reason.
Question: What causes testicular cancer?
Answer: The risk factors for cancer of the testicles include: Age. Testicular cancer can occur at any age, but most often occurs in men between the ages of 15 and 40. Undescended testicle. Family history. Race and ethnicity. The risk for testicular cancer in white men is more than five times that of black men and more than double that of Asian- American men.
Question: How do people get vitamin D?
Answer: Unlike calcium, which you only get through food, your body makes vitamin D when sunlight hits your skin. Active people who live in sunny regions can get at least some of what they need from spending time outdoors every day. But in less temperate areas such as Minnesota, Michigan, and New York, the skin makes less vitamin D in the winter months, especially for older adults. If you're not getting enough from sunlight and food, you may need to take a supplement. You can get vitamin D in multivitamins and also in combination with a calcium supplement, as well as on its own.
Question: How can you ease geographic tongue symptoms?
Answer: These are examples of what your doctor or dentist may prescribe: Over-the-counter pain relievers Anti-inflammatories Mouth rinses with anesthetic Corticosteroids applied directly on the tongue Zinc supplements If you're wondering about steps you can take to hasten the relief of symptoms, try limiting these substances or avoid them altogether: Tobacco Hot, spicy, or acidic foods or dried, salty nuts Toothpaste with additives, whitening agents, or heavy flavoring (toothpaste for sensitive teeth is a better choice)
Question: What is geographic tongue?
Answer: Two other names for geographic tongue are benign migratory glossitis and erythema migrans. Affecting about 1% to 3% of people, geographic tongue can show up at any age. However, it tends to affect middle-aged or older adults more often. It appears to be more common in women than in men. In fissured tongue, cracks and grooves appear on the tops and sides of the tongue.
Question: Can geographic tongue make your tongue sensitive?
Answer: This is often from sensitivity to substances such as: Hot, spicy, or acidic foods Cigarette smoke Toothpaste Geographic tongue occurs when parts of the tongue are missing layers of small bumps called papillae. Geographic tongue has also been seen more frequently in people with psoriasis and in those with fissured tongue.