anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: How is the hemoglobin A1c test used in people with diabetes?
Answer: People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range. It can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines. The A1c test is also used to diagnose diabetes.
Question: Is it possible get misleading A1c test results?
Answer: People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test.
Question: What is the target A1c level for people with diabetes?
Answer: $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes.
Question: What is the target hemoglobin A1c level for people with diabetes?
Answer: $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes.
Question: What can affect the results of a hemoglobin A1c test?
Answer: People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test.
Question: What is a normal hemoglobin A1c test?
Answer: For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes.
Question: How does the hemoglobin A1c test work?
Answer: The sugar in your blood is called glucose. When glucose builds up in your blood, it binds to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. The A1c test measures how much glucose is bound. Red blood cells live for about 3 months, so the test shows the average level of glucose in your blood for the past 3 months. If your glucose levels have been high over recent weeks, your hemoglobin A1c test will be higher.
Question: What is a normal hemoglobin A1c test result?
Answer: For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes.
Question: How often should people with diabetes get a hemoglobin A1c test?
Answer: People with diabetes should have an A1c test every 3 months to make sure their blood sugar is in their target range. If your diabetes is under good control, you may be able to wait longer between the blood tests. But experts recommend checking at least two times a year.
Question: What is the hemoglobin A1c test for diabetes?
Answer: The hemoglobin A1c test tells you your average level of blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months. It's also called Hb A1c, glycated hemoglobin test, and glycohemoglobin. People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range. It can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines. The A1c test is also used to diagnose diabetes.
Question: How often should people with diabetes have an A1c test?
Answer: People with diabetes should have an A1c test every 3 months to make sure their blood sugar is in their target range. If your diabetes is under good control, you may be able to wait longer between the blood tests. But experts recommend checking at least two times a year.
Question: What type of tests can diagnose paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: You might have some of the following tests: Electrocardiogram, also known as an EKG, which records your heart's rate, rhythm, and electrical impulses Echocardiogram, which uses sound waves to make a picture of your heart X-ray to look for signs of related heart problems Blood tests to look for signs of other illnesses that can cause fibrillation Stress test , in which doctors check your heart's performance after exercise Holter monitor, a wearable device that measures and records your heart's activity for a day or two Event monitor, a portable EKG that measures heart activity for a few week or a few months.
Question: What questions will my doctor ask me about my paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: If your doctor thinks you have atrial fibrillation, he'll give you an exam and ask questions about your medical and family history. He'll also ask about your symptoms and if you smoke or drink caffeine or alcohol.
Question: How often can paroxysmal atrial fibrillation occur?
Answer: It can happen a few times a year or as often as every day. It often becomes a permanent condition that needs regular treatment.
Question: What should I do if I feel chest pain or pressure with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: You might feel: Heat palpitations -- a flutter in your chest or rapid heartbeat Chest pain or pressure Confused Weak or short of energy Dizzy Short of breath Like you have to pee more often Like it's hard to exercise Tired You may feel chest pain or pressure. If you do, call 911 right away. You may be having a heart attack.
Question: What treatment options are available if I have serious symptoms of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: You may need other drugs. Get more exercise: More physical activity strengthens your heart And make other changes to lower your odds of heart disease: Quit smoking Stay at, or try to reach, a healthy weight Control your blood pressure Manage your cholesterol Drink alcohol in moderation Keep doctor appointments
Question: What are my treatment options for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: Generally, your doctor will try to keep your heartbeat steady and prevent problems like blood clots. Heart rate control: The most common way to treat atrial fibrillation is with drugs that control your heartbeat. Blood clots and stroke prevention: These medications thin your blood to lower your chance of having these conditions. These can make you bleed more easily, though, so you might have to cut back on some activities that can lead to injuries.
Question: What are my options if other treatments don't work for my paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: When it reaches the area that's causing the arrhythmia, it sends out electrical signals that destroy those cells. AV node ablation: You might get this procedure if: You don't respond to medications You can't take medications because of side effects You aren't a good candidates for a procedure that cures you Your doctor will insert a catheter into a vein in your groin and slide it up to the AV node, a nerve that conducts electrical impulses between the top and bottom chambers of your heart. This stops the signals that lead to AFib. It's connected to one or two wires that are inserted through a vein and sit in your heart. Get more exercise: More physical activity strengthens your heart And make other changes to lower your odds of heart disease: Quit smoking Stay at, or try to reach, a healthy weight Control your blood pressure Manage your cholesterol Drink alcohol in moderation Keep doctor appointments
Question: What are symptoms of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is a type of irregular heartbeat. You might feel: Heat palpitations -- a flutter in your chest or rapid heartbeat Chest pain or pressure Confused Weak or short of energy Dizzy Short of breath Like you have to pee more often Like it's hard to exercise Tired You may feel chest pain or pressure.
Question: What causes paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
Answer: It often happens because things like coronary heart disease or high blood pressure damage your heart. If that damage affects the part of your heart that sends the electrical pulses that control your heartbeat, those pulses can come too fast or at the wrong time. Doctors don't know, though, why this happens.
Question: What are heart palpitations?
Answer: It often becomes a permanent condition that needs regular treatment. The surgeon makes small cuts in the upper part of the heart. She'll send radiofrequency energy through the catheter to destroy the AV node. It delivers painless electric pulses that make your heart beat.
Question: How is a prostate biopsy done?
Answer: Once your doctor decides to do a prostate biopsy, it's a simple, 10-minute procedure. He inserts a needle through the wall of your rectum and into the prostate to extract the cells for testing. Doctors usually take a dozen samples from various parts of the prostate. The idea of such a procedure can make men nervous and it sounds painful. But the biopsy usually causes just brief discomfort. You may notice some blood in your pee and there could be some light bleeding from your bottom. There can also be blood in your semen. This can last for several weeks. The sample will be sent to a lab, where they'll be looked at under a microscope. It takes 3 days or so to get results back.
Question: What are treatment options for prostate cancer?
Answer: Other treatment options include: Radiation Cryotherapy (using very cold temperatures to freeze cancer cells) Hormone therapy Chemotherapy Some men with the disease might only need âactive surveillance,â also called "watchful waiting." This means regular blood tests, rectal exams and possibly biopsies to keep an eye on things. If the cancer gets worse, you might discuss treatment options with your doctor.
Question: When do I need biopsy for my prostate?
Answer: Your doctor may order a biopsy if your prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) level in your blood work is elevated or there is an abnormal lump found during a digital rectal exam. During a digital rectal exam, your doctor inserts a finger up your bottom to feel if your prostate is enlarged or has bumps. Another option before a biopsy is an ultrasound. Instead of a finger, a small probe is inserted to take pictures of the prostate.
Question: What does my prostate do?
Answer: ( That's the tube that carries pee and semen out of the penis). Here's what it does: It produces fluid for semen, which includes sperm produced in the testicles. It prevents urine from being included during ejaculation. He inserts a needle through the wall of your rectum and into the prostate to extract the cells for testing.
Question: How long do you need to take ringworm mecicine?
Answer: Some of the most popular include: Clotrimazole ( Lotrimin, Mycelex) Miconazole ( Aloe Vesta Antifungal, Azolen, Baza Antifungal, Carrington Antifungal, Critic Aid Clear, Cruex Prescription Strength, Derma Fungal, Desenex, Fungoid Tincture, Micaderm, Micatin, Micro- Guard, Miranel, Mitrazol, Podactin, Remedy Antifungal, Secura Antifungal) Terbinafine ( Lamisil) Ketoconazole ( Xolegel) In most cases, you'll have to use the medicines on your skin for 2 to 4 weeks to make sure you kill the fungus that causes ringworm. It'll also lower your chances of it coming back. If you have ringworm on your scalp or in many different places on your body, OTC treatments may not be enough. Your doctor will write you a prescription for an antifungal medication that you'll have to take by mouth for 1 to 3 months. You might also have to use an antifungal shampoo.
Question: What are the most popular over-the-counter treatments for ringworm?
Answer: If the infection is on your skin â as in the case of athlete's foot or jock itch â your doctor will likely suggest an OTC antifungal cream, lotion, or powder. Some of the most popular include: Clotrimazole ( Lotrimin, Mycelex) Miconazole ( Aloe Vesta Antifungal, Azolen, Baza Antifungal, Carrington Antifungal, Critic Aid Clear, Cruex Prescription Strength, Derma Fungal, Desenex, Fungoid Tincture, Micaderm, Micatin, Micro- Guard, Miranel, Mitrazol, Podactin, Remedy Antifungal, Secura Antifungal) Terbinafine ( Lamisil) Ketoconazole ( Xolegel) In most cases, you'll have to use the medicines on your skin for 2 to 4 weeks to make sure you kill the fungus that causes ringworm.
Question: Are there prescription medications for ringworm?
Answer: Griseofulvin ( Grifulvin V, Gris- PEG), Terbinafine, and Itraconazole are the oral medicines doctors prescribe most often for ringworm. Terbinafine. If your doctor puts you on these tablets, you'll have to take them once a day for 4 weeks. Griseofulvin. You'd have to take this for 8 to 10 weeks. It's also available as a spray. This is prescribed in pill form for 7 or 15 days.
Question: What are goals of using medications to treat epilepsy?
Answer: The goals of using medications to treat epilepsy include: Having no or few seizures Having no or few side effects Using only one epilepsy medication, called monotherapy Which epilepsy medication is best for you depends on many factors, including: Type of epilepsy.
Question: How do you take medicine for epilepsy?
Answer: Most epilepsy medications are taken by mouth. Depending on the type of drug, you may have to take it several times a day. Talk to your doctor about when you will need to take the medication, and how this affects your lifestyle. In rare cases, epilepsy medicine may be given by injection. This is most often done when seizures need to be immediately controlled.
Question: How to you find the right epilepsy medication?
Answer: The goals of using medications to treat epilepsy include: Having no or few seizures Having no or few side effects Using only one epilepsy medication, called monotherapy Which epilepsy medication is best for you depends on many factors, including: Type of epilepsy. There are different forms of epilepsy, and each may cause a different type of seizure. And, sometimes, an epilepsy medication can make seizures worse. If your doctor can't determine what type of seizures you have, you may be prescribed what's known as a "broad-spectrum" epilepsy medication. You may have other medical conditions that dictate which epilepsy medications you can or cannot safely take. For example, liver and kidney disease may alter the levels of epilepsy medication in your bloodstream. Your doctor may also consider your risk of osteoporosis before prescribing an epilepsy drug. Some epilepsy drugs can cause bone loss and lead to osteoporosis.
Question: What should I do if the epilepsy medication did not work?
Answer: You may need to change your medication or adjust your dose. Birth control pills, for instance, may not work as well if you take certain epilepsy medications. Together, you and your doctor will decide which epilepsy medication might be best for you. For children with epilepsy, the doctor may suggest a special diet.
Question: What are epilepsy medications?
Answer: Other names used are anticonvulsants or antiseizure drugs. Sometimes, the drugs are just called seizure drugs. These medications help suppress the faulty signaling in the brain that leads to seizures. You must take epilepsy medication every day as directed, even when you aren't having symptoms. Some people need to take epilepsy medication for life. Your doctor may need to change your medicine or dose from time to time to better control your seizures or reduce unpleasant side effects.
Question: What questions should I ask my doctor about epilepsy medication?
Answer: Here are some questions to ask your doctor about epilepsy medication: How and when do I take this medicine? What side effects might it have? Will this medicine cause any long-term health risks? Can I safely take this drug with the other medications I take? I take birth control pills. Will this drug affect how they work? Can I take this drug if I get pregnant? What should I do if I miss a dose? How long do I have to wait to drive if you change my medication? Is there a generic I could take? Finding the best epilepsy medication for you can be complicated.
Question: What side effects can epilepsy medications cause?
Answer: Side effects. Older adults are often more sensitive to these side effects. What side effects might it have?
Question: How might lupus lead to mood swings and personality changes?
Answer: People with lupus may experience unpredictable changes in moods and personality traits. This can include feeling of anger and irritability.
Question: How can living with lupus affect you?
Answer: Either way, you are likely to have experienced mental and physical problems such as difficulty concentrating or sleeping. These feelings are common. Having a chronic illness like lupus may make it difficult to take care of your home or family the way you would like to or feel you should. Don't make lupus the focus of your life.
Question: How might lupus affect your mental abilities?
Answer: They may describe these problems as feeling âfuzzy-headedâ or being in a âlupus fog.â These problems often coincide with periods of increased disease activity, or flares. But cognitive problems can also be symptoms of depression. Often it is difficult for doctors to sort out the actual cause.
Question: What are some outward signs can have from lupus or its treatments?
Answer: Visible problems such as a facial rash or weight gain from corticosteroids used to treat lupus can affect your physical appearance and self-esteem. This can affect the pleasure you get from your job, your sense of purpose, and your income. Emotionally, this can lead to frustration and feelings of hopelessness.
Question: How might lupus affect you professionally, socially, and emotionally?
Answer: The disease or its treatment may make it necessary to cut back at work or even leave your job completely. This can affect the pleasure you get from your job, your sense of purpose, and your income. Simply living with pain and other symptoms every day can wear you down. Emotionally, this can lead to frustration and feelings of hopelessness. When you feel bad or use all of your energy just to get through the day, social activities may be among the first things to go. Concerns about changes in your appearance may also cause you to withdraw.
Question: What lifestyle habits can help with my lupus?
Answer: Exercise regularly; eat a healthy, balanced diet; get enough rest; and avoid alcoholic beverages, particularly if you are depressed. Alcohol is a natural depressant. A mental health professional can teach you techniques, such as progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and meditation, that you can use regularly to cope with the stress of lupus. Other stress relievers you can try include listening to soothing music, taking a warm bath or a walk, or doing some gentle exercises. Lupus may limit some activities.
Question: What are treatments for dry eyes and mouth caused by primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
Answer: Dry eyes and mouth: Start with over-the-counter artificial tears. If they don't work, see your eye doctor for prescription drops. You can also find saliva substitutes to help with a dry mouth. Prescription options are available if they don't do the trick. You can also suck on hard candy or chew gum to help with dry mouth.
Question: What are treatments for itchy skin caused by primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
Answer: If it isn't too bad, try over-the-counter antihistamines that contain diphenhydramine. They can make you sleepy, so you might try them if itching keeps you awake at night. If they don't help, your doctor can prescribe something else like cholestyramine ( Novo- Cholamine, Prevalite, Questran), naltrexone ( Revia), rifampin ( Rifadin, Rimactane), and sertraline ( Zoloft).
Question: What are medications for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
Answer: It's a natural bile acid that helps move bile out of your liver and into your small intestine. If your doctor prescribes it, you may have to take it every day for the rest of your life. You might take it alone or along with UDCA. But it might take years.
Question: What are the symptoms of psoriatic arthritis (PsA)?
Answer: Often makes joints feel stiffer in the morning Can lead to fatigue, low-grade fever, and weight loss Psoriatic arthritis: Can affect joints in the back and pelvis in addition to the ones in fingers and toes Often affects only one side of your body; that means it's asymmetric. Sometimes causes foot pain, especially on the sole of your foot or the back of your heel May make your fingers swell up like sausages May make your nails pit and flake Tends to affect entheses, areas where tendons or ligaments attach to bones With both conditions, you'll probably have times when your symptoms get worse. These are called flares. In between these flares are times without symptoms called remissions.
Question: What are symptoms of psoriatic arthritis (PsA)?
Answer: Often makes joints feel stiffer in the morning Can lead to fatigue, low-grade fever, and weight loss Psoriatic arthritis: Can affect joints in the back and pelvis in addition to the ones in fingers and toes Often affects only one side of your body; that means it's asymmetric. Sometimes causes foot pain, especially on the sole of your foot or the back of your heel May make your fingers swell up like sausages May make your nails pit and flake Tends to affect entheses, areas where tendons or ligaments attach to bones With both conditions, you'll probably have times when your symptoms get worse. These are called flares. In between these flares are times without symptoms called remissions.
Question: How do the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) appear?
Answer: Both rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) and psoriatic arthritis ( Ps A) are conditions that damage your joints, causing swelling, stiffness, and pain. Rheumatoid arthritis: Often starts in the smaller joints, like the ones in your fingers and toes; over time, it may affect other joints, too, like your wrists, knees, hips, and ankles. Usually shows up on the same joints on both sides of your body (such as both the left and right index fingers); that means it's symmetric. Often makes joints feel stiffer in the morning Can lead to fatigue, low-grade fever, and weight loss Psoriatic arthritis: Can affect joints in the back and pelvis in addition to the ones in fingers and toes Often affects only one side of your body; that means it's asymmetric. RF is a protein found in people with rheumatoid arthritis.
Question: How are rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) diagnosed?
Answer: Both are autoimmune diseases, which means your immune system attacks healthy parts of your body by mistake. Because these two conditions share similar symptoms, it's important to get an accurate diagnosis from a rheumatologist. A rheumatoid factor ( RF) blood test is one way your doctor can tell which condition you have. Blood tests looking for other antibodies such as anti- CCP can also help differentiate the two. Another way to tell is to look at your skin and nails. If you have scaly patches on your skin, pitting and flaking on your nails, or both, you have Ps A. Once you've had the disease for a while, X-rays might also be able to distinguish the two conditions. It is possible to have RA and Ps A together, but it's rare.
Question: What are symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA)?
Answer: Both rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) and psoriatic arthritis ( Ps A) are conditions that damage your joints, causing swelling, stiffness, and pain. Both are autoimmune diseases, which means your immune system attacks healthy parts of your body by mistake. Both RA and Ps A cause joint swelling, stiffness, and pain. And each one can cause other symptoms, too. Often makes joints feel stiffer in the morning Can lead to fatigue, low-grade fever, and weight loss Psoriatic arthritis: Can affect joints in the back and pelvis in addition to the ones in fingers and toes Often affects only one side of your body; that means it's asymmetric.
Question: Does the Protein Power diet work?
Answer: The Final Word It's a simple dieting approach that essentially eliminates one major food group, and, like any restrictive diet, it is difficult for most people to sustain for a long time, . This diet will help you lose weight, but if you have a specific nutritional need this may not be the diet for you. You may need to take a daily supplement to cover any nutritional gaps in vitamins and minerals.