anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What happens due to pain caused by tissue damage?
Answer: The injury to body tissue can come from a disease such as cancer. Or it can come from physical injury such as a cut or a broken bone. The pain you experience may be an ache, a sharp stabbing, or a throbbing. It could come and go, or it could be constant. You may feel the pain worsen when you move or laugh. Sometimes, breathing deeply can intensify it. Pain from tissue damage can be acute. For example, sports injuries like a sprained ankle or turf toe are often the result of damage to soft tissue. Or it can be chronic, such as arthritis or chronic headaches. And certain medical treatments, such as radiation for cancer, can also cause tissue damage that results in pain.
Question: What is acute and chronic pain?
Answer: There are several ways to categorize pain. One is to separate it into acute pain and chronic pain. Acute pain typically comes on suddenly and has a limited duration. It's frequently caused by damage to tissue such as bone, muscle, or organs, and the onset is often accompanied by anxiety or emotional distress. Chronic pain lasts longer than acute pain and is generally somewhat resistant to medical treatment. It's usually associated with a long-term illness, such as osteoarthritis. In some cases, such as with fibromyalgia, it's one of the defining characteristic of the disease. Chronic pain can be the result of damaged tissue, but very often is attributable to nerve damage. Both acute and chronic pain can be debilitating, and both can affect and be affected by a person's state of mind. But the nature of chronic pain -- the fact that it's ongoing and in some cases seems almost constant -- makes the person who has it more susceptible to psychological consequences such as depression and anxiety. At the same time, psychological distress can amplify the pain. About 70% of people with chronic pain treated with pain medication experience episodes of what's called breakthrough pain. Breakthrough pain refers to flares of pain that occur even when pain medication is being used regularly. Sometimes it can be spontaneous or set off by a seemingly insignificant event such as rolling over in bed. And sometimes it may be the result of pain medication wearing off before it's time for the next dose.
Question: What is diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain?
Answer: This pain comes from nerve damage in the feet, legs, hands, or arms caused by diabetes. Individuals with diabetic neuropathy experience various kinds of pain including burning, stabbing, and tingling.
Question: What is complex regional pain syndrome?
Answer: This is a chronic pain syndrome that can follow a serious injury. It's described as persistent burning. Certain abnormalities such as abnormal sweating, changes in skin color, or swelling may be noticed in the area of the pain.
Question: What is central pain syndrome?
Answer: This syndrome is marked by chronic pain that stems from damage to the central nervous system. The damage can be caused by stroke, MS, tumors, and several other conditions. The pain, which is typically constant and may be severe, can affect a large part of the body or be confined to smaller areas such as the hands or feet. The pain often can be made worse by movement, touch, emotions, and temperature changes.
Question: What should I know about pain?
Answer: Imagine, for instance, what would happen if you felt nothing when you put your hand on a hot stove. Pain is one way the body tells you something's wrong and needs attention. But pain -- whether it comes from a bee sting, a broken bone, or a long-term illness -- is also an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. It has multiple causes, and people respond to it in multiple and individual ways. The pain that you push your way through might be incapacitating to someone else. Even though the experience of pain varies from one person to the next, it is possible to categorize the different types of pain. Pain is most often classified by the kind of damage that causes it.
Question: What are some other ways pain to classify pain?
Answer: A third category is psychogenic pain, which is pain that is affected by psychological factors. Psychogenic pain most often has a physical origin either in tissue damage or nerve damage, but the pain caused by that damage is increased or prolonged by such factors as fear, depression, stress, or anxiety. In some cases, pain originates from a psychological condition. Pain is also classified by the type of tissue that's involved or by the part of the body that's affected. For example, pain may be referred to as muscular pain or joint pain. Or a doctor may ask you about chest pain or back pain. Certain types of pain are referred to as syndromes. For instance, myofascial pain syndrome refers to pain that is set off by trigger points located in the body's muscles. Fibromyalgia is an example. The pain caused by nerve damage, neuropathic pain, is often described as burning or prickling.
Question: What are shingles and postherpetic neuralgia?
Answer: Pain is most often classified by the kind of damage that causes it. Shingles and postherpetic neuralgia. The pain is described as intense and lightning like, and it can occur in the lips, scalp, forehead, eye, nose, gums, cheek, and chin on one side of the face.
Question: When should you call a doctor about bruises?
Answer: The bruised area seems very painful, swollen, or infected. Your child has a bruise after a serious accident or head or abdominal injury. Your child has a large number of bruises or unexplained bruises. Your child has a fever.
Question: How can I ease my child's pain from bruises?
Answer: Follow the dosing instructions on the label. If your child has never taken this medication before, call your pediatrician first. Don't give aspirin to a child under 16.
Question: Is there treatment for an ocular migraine headache?
Answer: Since it is brief, the vision loss of migraine with aura is not usually treated. But you may need relief for the headache that accompanies or follows it.
Question: What causes juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?
Answer: But it may be tied to genes that run in your family. About one-third of those with the condition have a relative who has seizures. It is clear that some things tend to bring on seizures, though. The most common triggers are lack of sleep and too much stress.
Question: How do you diagnose juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?
Answer: You'll have the test while you're asleep and awake. To do the test, your medical team places electrodes on your scalp. They're connected with wires to a computer that shows the electrical activity of your brain cells. The results look like a graph of spikes and wavy lines. Your doctor will scan them to look for patterns that signal JME.
Question: How often do juvenile myoclonic epilepsy seizures happen?
Answer: Seizures often happen within 30 minutes to an hour of waking up in the morning or after a nap. A cluster of myoclonic jerks may be a warning sign that a tonic-clonic seizure is coming.
Question: What are some myths about electrolysis?
Answer: Myth: Electrolysis is very painful. For most people, today's methods don't cause a lot of pain, but it can hurt. If you find it too uncomfortable, your doctor may be able to give you an anesthetic cream. Myth: The electric tweezer method is permanent. The FDA and the American Medical Association recognize only electrolysis as a permanent method of removing hair. Some states prohibit those using or selling the electric tweezer from claiming it provides permanent hair removal. Myth: Temporary methods of hair removal can be better. Chemical depilatories (liquids or creams) are often used to remove body hair. These products contain irritating chemicals and can be time-consuming and messy. Likewise, bleaches contain harsh chemicals and do little to disguise dark hair. They may also discolor skin. Waxing is another temporary method of hair removal and is usually done in salons. A hot wax is applied to the skin and removed once it has dried over the hair. The hair is stripped off when the wax is removed. Waxing can be painful and costly. Home waxing kits are available, but they can be messy and difficult to use. There are electrolysis devices available for home use, but they are often unsafe for use by anyone who is not trained in electrolysis.
Question: How do I choose an electrologist for electrolysis?
Answer: Electrologists are people who have special training to perform electrolysis. If you are considering electrolysis, it is important that you do your research before committing to sessions. The wrong decision can mean extra sessions and cost along with unnecessary discomfort and scarring. Know the professional's qualifications. Many states require electrologists to be licensed or certified within the state to practice. If you live in one of those states, be sure the practitioner's certificate is current and on display. For states that do not regulate electrolysis, look for electrologists who have certification from an accredited electrology school. Ask around. One of the best ways to find good services is to ask friends and family as well as your doctor for recommendations. If you know anybody who has undergone electrolysis, ask for his or her input. Get a consultation. Many places will give you a free consultation. During the consultation, be sure all of your questions are answered. Some things you may want to ask about include: how the procedure will feel; how many visits you will likely need; how much each visit costs; how long each session lasts; how long the practitioner has been in business; and the number of clients he or she has treated. Make sure the electrologist uses the right technique. The practitioner should use needle electrolysis, which is the only permanent form of hair removal. Some places may advertise electrolysis but use electronic tweezers or photoepilators instead. These are not permanent hair removal procedures. Use common sense. When you go to your consultation, look around. Does the place look clean? Do the workers look clean? Do they use disposable gloves or needles? Ask to meet the person who will be performing the electrolysis. Does he or she strike you as professional? If you are not comfortable with somebody, look for someone else to do the procedure. Personal comfort is essential to knowing you have made the right choice.
Question: What is electrolysis?
Answer: After a very fine probe is inserted into the hair follicle, the hair is removed with tweezers. Most areas of the body can be treated with electrolysis, including the eyebrows, face, abdomen, thighs, breasts, and legs. There are generally no permanent side effects, but sometimes a temporary, slight reddening of the skin may occur. The FDA and the American Medical Association recognize only electrolysis as a permanent method of removing hair.
Question: What is the outlook for people with pancreatic cancer?
Answer: The American Cancer Society reports that only about 23% of patients with cancer of the exocrine pancreas are still living one year after diagnosis. About 8.2% are still alive five years after being diagnosed.
Question: What is the treatment for pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Symptoms of pancreatic cancer include: Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes) Pain in the upper or middle abdomen and back Unexplained weight loss Loss of appetite Fatigue Depression The factors which could put you at risk for developing pancreatic cancer include: Smoking Chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) Inherited conditions (including hereditary pancreatitis) Familial pancreatic cancer syndromes Long-standing diabetes Obesity After taking down your health history and performing a physical exam, the doctor may order several tests to determine the cause of your problem or extent of the condition, including: CT scan (computed tomography) MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Endoscopic ultrasound ( EUS) Laparoscopy (surgical procedure to look at organs) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography ( PTC; procedure used to X-ray liver and bile ducts) Biopsy (removal of tissue to view it under a microscope) There are various treatments for pancreatic cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to treat cancer, while radiation therapy uses X-rays or other kinds of radiation to kill cancer cells. Surgery can be used to remove a tumor or to treat symptoms of pancreatic cancer.
Question: What tests are used to diagnose pancreatic cancer?
Answer: Symptoms of pancreatic cancer include: Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes) Pain in the upper or middle abdomen and back Unexplained weight loss Loss of appetite Fatigue Depression The factors which could put you at risk for developing pancreatic cancer include: Smoking Chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) Inherited conditions (including hereditary pancreatitis) Familial pancreatic cancer syndromes Long-standing diabetes Obesity After taking down your health history and performing a physical exam, the doctor may order several tests to determine the cause of your problem or extent of the condition, including: CT scan (computed tomography) MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Endoscopic ultrasound ( EUS) Laparoscopy (surgical procedure to look at organs) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography ( PTC; procedure used to X-ray liver and bile ducts) Biopsy (removal of tissue to view it under a microscope) There are various treatments for pancreatic cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
Question: Who can get canker sores?
Answer: Canker sores appear most commonly in adolescents and young adults, often occurring during times of stress. They are also more likely to appear around a women's menstrual period, and there is a greater likelihood of having canker sores if a parent also has them.
Question: What mental health conditions may accompany stress and ADHD?
Answer: ADHD may also be accompanied by other mental health conditions -- conditions that are also linked to stress including: Depression Negative thoughts Anxiety Difficulty sleeping Are these conditions secondary to ADHD or themselves causes of stress? No one knows for sure, but it's important to address stress, in addition to your ADHD.
Question: What are some healthy steps for managing ADHD and stress?
Answer: Maintain overall health Staying healthy helps you manage ADHD better and also helps your body respond more readily to any extra stress. Children, teens, and adults with ADHD can all take these steps to maintain health: Minimize your intake of caffeine or nicotine. Eat a balanced diet. Exercise regularly. Get enough sleep. Avoid drugs and alcohol.
Question: When should I be worried about ADHD-associated stress?
Answer: Stress becomes bad when it overwhelms your ability to act. When stress levels remain high for long periods, problems like depression and heart disease can result.
Question: How does taking control of situations affect ADHD-related stress?
Answer: Take control of your life wherever you can This can be especially helpful to children and teens who often feel lack of control of their ADHD. Older children and teens, for example, should be part of any school planning team that reviews the student's educational needs and plans. Adults may want to learn how to make ADHD-friendly career choices or ask for help to lessen stressors in the workplace.
Question: How can I remove stressors to treat ADHD?
Answer: Remove stressors when appropriate Some stressors can simply be removed or avoided altogether. For example, for a child with ADHD, you may want to schedule play dates with only one other child and monitor the play closely. A teen or adult may want to cut back on extra activities during stressful times.
Question: How do stress management skills help with ADHD?
Answer: Learn stress management skills You can learn skills to deal more effectively or minimize stress. Here are some areas to consider: Strategies for dealing with or avoiding stressful situations Developing more effective problem-solving skills Improving communication skills Learning to speak up for yourself and your needs (self-advocacy) Develop relaxation techniques Learn techniques for meditation or relaxation.
Question: What are some support systems people with ADHD can use to deal with stress?
Answer: Seek out support Friends, family, others with ADHD, and mental health professionals who understand ADHD can all help children, teens, and adults deal with stress. Here are some suggestions: Teens and adults can benefit from working with an ADHD coach, a professional organizer, or a job coach. Connect with groups that provide ADHD information and support. If you're not sure where to go for support, here are some places to start: Attention Deficit Disorder Resources (http://www.addresources.org) Children and Adults with AD/ HD (http://www.chadd.org).
Question: What are common questions about ADHD and stress?
Answer: Does ADHD cause stress? Can stress cause ADHD? Is living with ADHD just a vicious cycle? How can the cycle be interrupted?
Question: Is it okay to feel stressed with ADHD?
Answer: Everyone feels stress. Stress helps you focus on something that requires your attention -- and that's good. It can make you work harder and react quicker.
Question: How can I reduce stress associated with my ADHD?
Answer: Talk to your doctor before making any changes to your treatment plan.
Question: What other health problems could arise with ADHD and stress?
Answer: ADHD symptoms can lead to frustration and feelings of loss of control and hopelessness -- a sure set-up for daily stress. If you have ADHD and a lot of unmanaged stress, it could raise your risk of some health problems and worsen symptoms of others, including: Tics or Tourette's syndrome Depression or anxiety attacks Fibromyalgia or chronic pain syndrome Anyone with ADHD -- children, teens, and adults -- can do a lot to manage ADHD and reduce stress.
Question: Why do ADHD and stress often go together and what is the risk of having both?
Answer: ADHD symptoms can lead to frustration and feelings of loss of control and hopelessness -- a sure set-up for daily stress. If you have ADHD and a lot of unmanaged stress, it could raise your risk of some health problems and worsen symptoms of others, including: Tics or Tourette's syndrome Depression or anxiety attacks Fibromyalgia or chronic pain syndrome Anyone with ADHD -- children, teens, and adults -- can do a lot to manage ADHD and reduce stress.
Question: Where can one go for support with ADHD-related stress?
Answer: Can stress cause ADHD? Here are some suggestions: Teens and adults can benefit from working with an ADHD coach, a professional organizer, or a job coach. Connect with groups that provide ADHD information and support. If you're not sure where to go for support, here are some places to start: Attention Deficit Disorder Resources (http://www.addresources.org) Children and Adults with AD/ HD (http://www.chadd.org).
Question: What are some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants?
Answer: Nevertheless, your doctor may prescribe newer antidepressants known as SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for treating depression in bipolar disorder -- along with lithium or other mood stabilizing drugs such as valproate, carbamazepine or an atypical antipsychotic. If and when an antidepressant is effective for someone with bipolar depression, it is believed that the medicine works by boosting the functioning of nerve cells in the brain that communicate through the chemical (neurotransmitter) serotonin. This class of antidepressants includes: citalopram ( Celexa) escitalopram ( Lexapro) fluoxetine ( Prozac) fluvoxamine ( Luvox) paroxetine ( Paxil) sertraline( Zoloft) Vilazodone ( Viibryd) and vortioxetine ( Trintellix, formerly called Brintellix) are two newer antidepressants that affect the serotonin transporter as well as other serotonin receptors in the brain.
Question: How quickly will SSRI antidepressants for bipolar disorder work?
Answer: Most antidepressants take several weeks to start working. Though the first one that is prescribed works in the majority of people, others may need to try two or three to find the right one. Your doctor may also prescribe a sedative to help relieve anxiety, agitation, or sleep problems while the antidepressant begins to work.
Question: What are common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants?
Answer: Nevertheless, your doctor may prescribe newer antidepressants known as SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for treating depression in bipolar disorder -- along with lithium or other mood stabilizing drugs such as valproate, carbamazepine or an atypical antipsychotic. Common SSRI side effects may include: Nausea Nervousness Insomnia Diarrhea Rash Agitation Erectile dysfunction Loss of libido Weight gain or loss In people with bipolar disorder, SSRIs and other antidepressants carry a risk of inducing mania, making it essential to monitor for signs of excess energy, decreased need for sleep, or abnormal and excessive mood elevation.
Question: What are risks of taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants for bipolar disorder?
Answer: Nevertheless, your doctor may prescribe newer antidepressants known as SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for treating depression in bipolar disorder -- along with lithium or other mood stabilizing drugs such as valproate, carbamazepine or an atypical antipsychotic. Common SSRI side effects may include: Nausea Nervousness Insomnia Diarrhea Rash Agitation Erectile dysfunction Loss of libido Weight gain or loss In people with bipolar disorder, SSRIs and other antidepressants carry a risk of inducing mania, making it essential to monitor for signs of excess energy, decreased need for sleep, or abnormal and excessive mood elevation. The FDA also recommends closely observing young people treated with SSRIs or other antidepressants for worsening depression or the emergence of suicidal tendencies. For this reason, the FDA recommends careful monitoring of patients being treated with these drugs -- especially at the beginning of therapy and during dose changes.
Question: What are side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants for bipolar depression?
Answer: This class of antidepressants includes: citalopram ( Celexa) escitalopram ( Lexapro) fluoxetine ( Prozac) fluvoxamine ( Luvox) paroxetine ( Paxil) sertraline( Zoloft) Vilazodone ( Viibryd) and vortioxetine ( Trintellix, formerly called Brintellix) are two newer antidepressants that affect the serotonin transporter as well as other serotonin receptors in the brain. SSRI side effects are generally milder than those of the older classes of antidepressants. There are many strategies to counteract the common side effects of SSRIs if they develop, and some side effects may occur only briefly at the beginning of treatment.
Question: Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants work for bipolar disorder?
Answer: Traditional antidepressants are considered "experimental" for treating bipolar depression in that none has been proven to be more effective than a placebo (sugar pill) in bipolar I disorder. Nevertheless, your doctor may prescribe newer antidepressants known as SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for treating depression in bipolar disorder -- along with lithium or other mood stabilizing drugs such as valproate, carbamazepine or an atypical antipsychotic. If and when an antidepressant is effective for someone with bipolar depression, it is believed that the medicine works by boosting the functioning of nerve cells in the brain that communicate through the chemical (neurotransmitter) serotonin.
Question: How can I control animal dander?
Answer: It may (but does not always) help to wash the animal at least once a week to remove excess dander and collected pollens. Never allow the pet into the allergic child's bedroom. If you don't already own a pet and your child has asthma, consult your child's doctor if you're considering getting one.