anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Does stinging nettle help with allergies?
Answer: Stinging nettle leaf may be useful in reducing the symptoms of hay fever by acting as an anti-inflammatory. Some research has linked treatment with stinging nettle leaf to relief of symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. But more well-designed studies are needed to confirm this effect.
Question: Why should you tell your doctor about any stinging nettle supplements you're taking?
Answer: Tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural. That way, your doctor can check on any potential side effects or interactions with any medications.
Question: Does stinging nettle help treat joint pain?
Answer: Research has found some evidence that rubbing stinging nettle leaves on painful joints can provide pain relief. One small study also found that eating stewed nettle leaves was a helpful addition to the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac. People have also used stinging nettle as a diuretic -- a treatment that causes the body to shed more water in the urine. Research has found this effect from stinging nettle in rats. Optimal doses of stinging nettle have not been set for any condition.
Question: Does stinging nettle help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
Answer: Stinging nettle root is a common treatment in Europe for symptoms of BPH. More research is needed to show that the treatment is indeed effective.
Question: How can heart disease be prevented in a person with diabetes?
Answer: The best way to prevent heart disease is to take good care of yourself and your diabetes. Keep your blood sugar as normal as possible. Control your blood pressure, with medication if necessary. The target for people with diabetes is under 130/80. Get your cholesterol numbers under control. You may need to take medication to do this. Lose weight if you are obese. Ask your doctor if you should take an aspirin a day. Exercise regularly. Eat a heart-healthy diet such as the Mediterranean diet or DASH diet. Quit smoking. Work to reduce daily stress.
Question: What are some symptoms of a heart attack?
Answer: The symptoms of a heart attack include: Shortness of breath. Feeling faint. Feeling dizzy. Excessive and unexplained sweating. Pain in the shoulders, jaw, and left arm. Chest pain or pressure (especially during activity). Nausea. Remember not everyone has pain and these other classic symptoms with a heart attack. This is especially true for women. * If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, you should call your doctor, call 911, or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.
Question: How can I reduce risk factors for heart disease if I have diabetes?
Answer: Another medical study showed that people with diabetes, no matter the number of other heart disease risk factors, were as likely to have a heart attack as someone without diabetes who has already had a heart attack.
Question: How likely are you to die from heart disease?
Answer: The more health risks factors a person has for heart disease, the higher the chances that they will develop heart disease and even die from it. Just like anyone else, people with diabetes have an increased risk of dying from heart disease if they have more health risk factors. However, the probability of dying from heart disease is 2 to 4 times higher in a person with diabetes. So, while a person with one health risk factor, such as high blood pressure, may have a certain chance of dying from heart disease, a person with diabetes has double or even quadruple the risk of dying. For example, one medical study found that people with diabetes who had no other health risk factors for heart disease were 5 times more likely to die of heart disease than those without. Another medical study showed that people with diabetes, no matter the number of other heart disease risk factors, were as likely to have a heart attack as someone without diabetes who has already had a heart attack.
Question: What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Answer: Pain in the shoulders, jaw, and left arm.
Question: How can you prevent heart disease if you have diabetes?
Answer: The best way to prevent heart disease is to take good care of yourself and your diabetes. Keep your blood sugar as normal as possible. Control your blood pressure, with medication if necessary. The target for people with diabetes is under 130/80. Get your cholesterol numbers under control. You may need to take medication to do this. Lose weight if you are obese. Ask your doctor if you should take an aspirin a day. Exercise regularly. Eat a heart-healthy diet such as the Mediterranean diet or DASH diet. Quit smoking. Work to reduce daily stress.
Question: What are the symptoms of peripheral vascular disease?
Answer: Loss of fat under the skin of the lower parts of the legs.
Question: What is recommended if you have diabetes and are at risk for heart disease and peripheral vascular disease?
Answer: Peripheral vascular disease is treated by: Participation in a regular walking program (45 minutes per day, followed by rest) Special footwear Aiming for an A1c below 7% Lowering your blood pressure to less than 130/80 Getting your cholesterol to below 100 Aspirin therapy* Medicines Stopping smoking Surgery (in some cases) * Low-dose aspirin therapy is recommended for men and women with types 1 or 2 diabetes who are over age 40 and areat high risk for heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. Talk to your doctor to determine if aspirin therapy is right for you. If you have certain medical conditions, aspirin therapy may not be recommended.
Question: What happens when people with diabetes are at risk for heart failure?
Answer: Not only are people with diabetes at higher risk for heart disease, they're also at higher risk for heart failure, a serious medical condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood adequately. This can lead to fluid build-up in the lungs that causes difficulty breathing, or fluid retention in other parts of the body (especially the legs) that causes swelling.
Question: How is heart disease treated if you have diabetes?
Answer: There are several treatment options for heart disease in those with diabetes, depending on the severity of the heart disease, including: Aspirin therapy* to reduce the risks of clots that lead to heart attacks and strokes.
Question: How is peripheral vascular disease treated relative to heart disease and diabetes?
Answer: Peripheral vascular disease is treated by: Participation in a regular walking program (45 minutes per day, followed by rest) Special footwear Aiming for an A1c below 7% Lowering your blood pressure to less than 130/80 Getting your cholesterol to below 100 Aspirin therapy* Medicines Stopping smoking Surgery (in some cases) * Low-dose aspirin therapy is recommended for men and women with types 1 or 2 diabetes who are over age 40 and areat high risk for heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. Talk to your doctor to determine if aspirin therapy is right for you. If you have certain medical conditions, aspirin therapy may not be recommended.
Question: How does heart disease affect diabetics?
Answer: Heart disease is common in people with diabetes. While all people with diabetes have an increased chance of developing heart disease, the condition is more common in those with type 2 diabetes. The more health risks factors a person has for heart disease, the higher the chances that they will develop heart disease and even die from it.
Question: Do I have heart disease If I have type 2 diabetes?
Answer: In fact, heart disease is the number one cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes. The most common cause of heart disease in a person with diabetes is hardening of thecoronary arteries or atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of cholesterol in the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrition to the heart.
Question: What is vitamin D important for your health?
Answer: It keeps your bones strong by helping your body absorb calcium and phosphorus, key minerals for bone health. Your muscles use it to move, and nerves need it to carry messages throughout your body.
Question: How much vitamin D should you get?
Answer: The amount you need depends on your age: 600 IU (international units) a day for people ages 1 to 70, including women who are pregnant or breastfeeding 800 IU a day for anyone over 70 Some experts think that these recommendations are too low, especially for people who are more likely to get the bone-thinning disease osteoporosis.
Question: What are the risks of taking vitamin D?
Answer: At normal doses, vitamin D seems to have few side effects. Too much vitamin D can cause loss of appetite, the need to pee a lot, nausea, and weight loss. High doses of vitamin D can also make you disoriented and lead to bone pain and kidney stones.
Question: How can you get vitamin D?
Answer: Just 10 to 15 minutes of sunlight without sunscreen a couple of times a week usually gives you enough vitamin D. But it's also important to protect your skin, since too much time under the sun's rays can cause skin cancer. A few foods have it naturally, including: · Fatty fish like salmon, tuna, and mackerel. They're the best source of vitamin D. · Beef liver, cheese, and egg yolks · Mushrooms have a small amount In the U. S., other foods are fortified with vitamin D, such as: · Milk · Breakfast cereal · Some orange juice, yogurt, and soy drinks It's best to get vitamin D from sunlight and food, but you can also get it in a supplement. So the nutrient is important for people with osteoporosis.
Question: How is a sentinel node biopsy done to remove and test lymph nodes?
Answer: The surgeon injects a special blue dye, a radioactive substance, or both into your breast in the area of the tumor. That helps him determine which lymph nodes are the first to receive drainage from the breast -- these nodes would potentially be the first to be invaded by cancer cells. One to three sentinel nodes are usually removed and tested for cancer. If the results are negative, the cancer hasn't spread to the lymph nodes.
Question: What should you watch for after a lymph node biopsy?
Answer: Make sure your doctor gives you: Specific instructions to follow in the days before surgery An overview of the surgical procedure Information about recovery and follow-up care After surgery, watch for warning signs of an infection or swelling in your arm or hand. Call your doctor immediately if you see a buildup of fluid, redness, or other symptoms of infection.
Question: What should you do before a lymph node biopsy?
Answer: Before you have surgery, get a good understanding of what's going to happen and what you might expect. Print out these Questions to Ask. Make sure your doctor gives you: Specific instructions to follow in the days before surgery An overview of the surgical procedure Information about recovery and follow-up care After surgery, watch for warning signs of an infection or swelling in your arm or hand.
Question: What should you expect after a lymph node biopsy?
Answer: But it can take a while to recover, and it can have complications like lymphedema (swelling of the arm) or nerve damage. Complete healing takes about 6 weeks. A physical therapist can teach you simple exercises to relieve muscle soreness and tightness. Your surgeon may suggest more intense exercises after the stitches are out.
Question: How is an axillary node dissection done to remove and test lymph nodes?
Answer: This is called lymph node biopsy and dissection. One to three sentinel nodes are usually removed and tested for cancer. If you have an axillary node dissection, a drain will be placed under your arm to remove fluids that may build up and cause swelling. It's common to have some swelling.
Question: What's the treatment for a ligament injury?
Answer: Treatment for these injuries can include: Rest Physical therapy Surgery In the first 72 hours, you may need to: Ice the injured joint regularly. Use a brace or bandage. Elevate the injury.
Question: How do shoulder ligaments work?
Answer: Ligaments in the shoulder connect your humerus to your shoulder blade (also called the scapula). They also connect the clavicle, or collarbone, to the top of your shoulder blade.
Question: How can you injured your shoulder ligament?
Answer: Ligaments in the shoulder connect your humerus to your shoulder blade (also called the scapula). They also connect the clavicle, or collarbone, to the top of your shoulder blade. When these get stretched, your shoulder becomes unstable. This happens a lot to young people and athletes who put strain on their shoulders, like pitchers in baseball. You can also sprain or tear your shoulder ligament when you use your arm to brace yourself when you fall. There are several ligaments around your ankle.
Question: What do I need to do with ligament injuries in the first 72 hours?
Answer: Treatment for these injuries can include: Rest Physical therapy Surgery In the first 72 hours, you may need to: Ice the injured joint regularly. Use a brace or bandage. Elevate the injury.
Question: What causes shoulder ligament injuries?
Answer: This happens a lot to young people and athletes who put strain on their shoulders, like pitchers in baseball. You can also sprain or tear your shoulder ligament when you use your arm to brace yourself when you fall. When you sprain your ankle, you're tearing one of these ligaments.
Question: What are ankle ligaments?
Answer: There are several ligaments around your ankle. The three main ones on the outside part of your ankle are the anterior talofibular ligament, the posterior talofibular ligament, and the calcaneofibular ligament. It's also the bone you feel on the outside of your ankle. The calcaneofibular ligament connects the fibula to your heel bone. The anterior talofibular and posterior talofibular ligaments connect the talus (the bone between your heel and shinbone) to the fibula on the outside of the ankle.
Question: What causes ankle ligament injuries?
Answer: There are several ligaments around your ankle. When you sprain your ankle, you're tearing one of these ligaments. The most common sprain happens when your foot rolls under your ankle or leg. This usually happens playing sports, especially jumping sports like basketball.
Question: What are common knee ligament injuries?
Answer: The most common knee ligament injury is to the anterior cruciate ligament. If your feet plant in one direction and your knee is twists in another, it can strain or tear your ACL. Football, skiing, and basketball are all sports with a higher risk of ACL injuries. A PCL injury usually happens from a sudden direct impact, like a football tackle or a car accident. MCL tears or strains usually happen because something hits the outside of your knee. There are several ligaments around your ankle.
Question: What is a root in relation to dental health?
Answer: root: tooth structure that connects the tooth to the jaw.
Question: What is nitrous oxide in relation to dental health?
Answer: nitrous oxide: a gas (also called laughing gas) used to reduce patient anxiety.
Question: What is an immediate denture?
Answer: immediate denture: a complete or partial denture that is made in advance and can be positioned as soon as the natural teeth are removed.
Question: What is a supernumerary in relation to dental health?
Answer: supernumerary tooth: an extra tooth.
Question: What are sealants in relation to dental health?
Answer: sealants: a thin, clear or white resin substance that is applied to the biting surfaces of teeth to prevent decay.
Question: What are permanent teeth?
Answer: permanent teeth: the teeth that replace the deciduous or primary teeth -- also called baby teeth. There are (usually) 32 adult teeth in a complete dentition.
Question: What are cusps in relation to dental health?
Answer: cusps: the high points on the chewing surfaces of the back teeth.
Question: What is a porcelain inlay or onlay?
Answer: porcelain inlay or onlay: tooth-colored restoration made of porcelain, cemented or bonded in place.
Question: What is a hygienist in relation to dental health?
Answer: hygienist: a licensed, auxiliary dental professional who is both an oral health educator and clinician who uses preventive, therapeutic, and educational methods to control oral disease.
Question: What is trauma in relation to dental health?
Answer: trauma: injury caused by external force, chemical, temperature extremes, or poor tooth alignment.
Question: What is a periapical?
Answer: periapical: region at the end of the roots of teeth.
Question: What is a pedodontist/pediatric dentist?
Answer: pedodontist/pediatric dentist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the dental problems of children from infancy to young adulthood. This provider also usually cares for special needs patients.
Question: What is a handpiece in relation to dental health?
Answer: handpiece: the instrument used to remove, shape, finish, or modify teeth and dental materials in dental operations.
Question: What is a cap in relation to dental health?
Answer: cap: common term for a dental crown.
Question: What is an ADA Seal of Acceptance in relation to dental health?
Answer: ADA Seal of Acceptance: a designation awarded to products that have met American Dental Association's criteria for safety and effectiveness and whose packaging and advertising claims are scientifically supported.
Question: What is an oral surgeon?
Answer: oral surgeon: the oral health care provider who performs many types of surgical procedures in and around the entire face, mouth, and jaw area.
Question: What is bleaching in relation to dental health?
Answer: bleaching: chemical treatment of natural teeth that uses peroxide to produce the whitening effect.
Question: What is an oral and maxillofacial radiologist?
Answer: oral and maxillofacial radiologist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the production and interpretation of all types of X-ray images and data that are used in the diagnosis and management of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral and maxillofacial region.
Question: What is a maxilla?
Answer: maxilla: the upper jaw.
Question: What is transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in relation to dental health?
Answer: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS): a therapy that uses low-level electrical currents to provide pain relief. In dentistry, TENS is one type of therapy that can be used to relax the jaw joint and facial muscles.
Question: What is a DDS?
Answer: DDS: Doctor of Dental Surgery -- equivalent to DMD, Doctor of Dental Medicine.
Question: What is decay in relation to dental health?
Answer: decay: destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria.
Question: What is anaerobic bacteria in relation to dental health?
Answer: anaerobic bacteria: bacteria that do not need oxygen to grow; they are generally associated with periodontal disease (see below).
Question: What is an alveolar bone in relation to dental health?
Answer: alveolar bone: the bone surrounding the root of the tooth, anchoring it in place; loss of this bone is a possible sign of periodontal (gum) disease.
Question: What is a canker sore?
Answer: canker sore : sores or small shallow ulcers that appear in the mouth and often make eating and talking uncomfortable; they typically appear in people between the ages of 10 and 20 and last about a week in duration before disappearing.
Question: What is baby bottle tooth decay in relation to dental health?
Answer: baby bottle tooth decay: decay in infants and children, most often affecting the upper front teeth, caused by liquids given and left clinging to the teeth for long periods (for example, in feeding bottles or pacifiers); also called "early childhood caries."
Question: What is a bridge in relation to dental health?
Answer: bridge: stationary dental prosthesis (appliance) fixed to teeth adjacent to a space; replaces one or more missing teeth, cemented or bonded to supporting teeth or implants adjacent to the space. Also called a fixed partial denture.
Question: What is an abscess in relation to dental health?
Answer: abscess : an infection of a tooth, soft tissue, or bone.
Question: What is saliva?
Answer: saliva: clear lubricating fluid in the mouth containing water, enzymes, bacteria, mucus, viruses, blood cells and undigested food particles.
Question: What are cuspids?
Answer: cuspids: the third tooth from the center of the mouth to the back of the mouth. These are the front teeth that have one rounded or pointed edge used for biting. Also known as canines.
Question: What is cleft lip?
Answer: cleft lip: a physical split or separation of the two sides of the upper lip that appears as a narrow opening or gap in the skin of the upper lip. This separation often extends beyond the base of the nose and includes the bones of the upper jaw and/or upper gum.
Question: What is an implant in relation to dental health?
Answer: implant: a metal rod (usually made of titanium) that is surgically placed into the upper or lower jawbone where a tooth is missing; it serves as the tooth root and anchor for the crown, bridge, or denture that is placed over it.
Question: What is a nerve (root) canal?
Answer: nerve (root) canal: dental pulp; the internal chamber of a tooth where the nerves and blood vessels pass.
Question: What is teething in relation to dental health?
Answer: teething : baby teeth pushing through the gums.
Question: What is biofeedback?
Answer: biofeedback : a relaxation technique that involves learning how to better cope with pain and stress by altering behavior, thoughts, and feelings.
Question: What is a partial denture?
Answer: partial denture: a removable appliance that replaces some of the teeth in either the upper or lower jaw.
Question: What is an overjet?
Answer: overjet: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw resulting in a horizontal overlap of the front teeth.
Question: What is periodontitis?
Answer: periodontitis: a more advanced stage of periodontal disease in which the inner layer of the gum and bone pull away from the teeth and form pockets and alveolar bone is destroyed.
Question: What is a gum recession?
Answer: gum recession : exposure of dental roots due to shrinkage of the gums as a result of abrasion, erosion, periodontal disease, or surgery.
Question: What is dry mouth?
Answer: dry mouth : a condition in which the flow of saliva is reduced and there is not enough saliva to keep the mouth moist. Dry mouth can be the result of certain medications (such as antihistamines and decongestants), certain diseases (such as SjÃ¶gren's syndrome, HIV/ AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes), certain medical treatments (such as head and neck radiation), as well as nerve damage, dehydration, tobacco use, and surgical removal of the salivary glands.
Question: What is a transplant in relation to dental health?
Answer: transplant: placing a natural tooth in the empty socket of another tooth.
Question: What are molars?
Answer: molars: three back teeth in each dental quadrant used for grinding food.
Question: What is a cyst in relation to dental health?
Answer: cyst: an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material.
Question: What are pregnancy tumors in relation to dental health?
Answer: pregnancy tumors: an extreme inflammatory reaction to a local irritation (such as food particles or plaque) that occurs in up to 10% of pregnant women and often in women who also have pregnancy gingivitis. Pregnancy tumors appear on inflamed gum tissue as large lumps with deep red pinpoint markings on it, usually near the upper gum line. The red lump glistens, may bleed and crust over, and can make eating and speaking difficult and cause discomfort.
Question: What is rinsing in relation to dental health?
Answer: rinsing: antiseptic (antibacterial) rinses reduce bacteria in the mouth that cause plaque and bad breath. Fluoride rinses help prevent tooth decay (cavities).
Question: What is dry socket?
Answer: dry socket : a common complication that occurs when either a blood clot has failed to form in an extracted tooth socket or else the blood clot that did form has been dislodged.
Question: What is a periodontal ligament?
Answer: periodontal ligament: The connective tissue that surrounds the tooth (specifically covering the cementum) and connects the tooth to the jawbone, holding it in place.