anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: What is a nebulizer?
Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A nebulizer changes medication from a liquid to a mist so that it can be more easily inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are particularly effective in delivering asthma medications to infants and small children and to anyone who has difficulty using an asthma inhaler. It is also convenient when a large dose of an inhaled medication is needed. Nebulized therapy is often called a "breathing treatment." And a variety of medications -- both for immediate relief and maintenance of asthma symptoms -- are available for use with a nebulizer. Nebulizers come in home (tabletop) and portable models.
Question: How do you take care of a nebulizer?
Answer: Every third day, after washing your equipment, disinfect the equipment using either a vinegar/water solution or the disinfectant solution your equipment supplier suggests. Storing Cover the compressor with a clean cloth when not in use. Keep it clean by wiping it with a clean, damp cloth as needed. Do not put the air compressor on the floor either for treatments or for storage. Replace or clean according to the directions from your equipment supplier.
Question: How do you get a nebulizer?
Answer: To obtain a nebulizer, you need a prescription from your doctor, or it can be dispensed from your pediatrician's office. Portable nebulizers usually cost a little more than home nebulizers. Both are usually covered under the durable medical equipment portion of health insurance policies. But, most insurance companies will require you to work with a specified durable medical equipment supplier.
Question: How can I avoid a latex allergy at work?
Answer: Use paper clips instead of rubber bands. Don't use erasers, either. Stay away from craft items like paint and rubber cement. If you work where people wear gloves -- cleaning, food service, or beauty work, for example -- ask to switch to latex-free products.
Question: How can I avoid a latex allergy at my doctor's office?
Answer: Call ahead before any appointment and tell them about your allergy. Set your appointment for the first thing in the morning. There's less chance that latex particles will be in the air then. Tell all doctors, nurses, and schedulers about your allergy . Everything from stethoscopes and blood pressure cuffs to IV tubing can have latex.
Question: How can I avoid a latex allergy while at home?
Answer: Use non-latex gloves for cleaning, washing dishes, and other household chores. Check your clothes for elastic waistbands or rubber soles. Check your bathroom for latex condoms, rubber bath-mats, and rubber grips on toothbrushes. Don't use erasers, either. If you know you might have a serious allergic reaction , carry two epinephrine injections, like an Epi Pen. Watch what you eat. Some people with latex allergies have reactions to foods such as: Bananas Avocados Kiwis Chestnuts
Question: How can antibiotics help with Crohn's disease?
Answer: Researchers believe they might help control symptoms by reducing bacteria levels in your intestine and by curbing the intestine's immune system.
Question: What are the side effects of ciprofloxacin for Crohn's disease?
Answer: These side effects of ciprofloxacin are rare, but may include: Headache and severe dizziness Nausea, stomach pain, and diarrhea Sensitivity to sun Rupture of a tendon (very rare) Confusion Depression Hallucinations Fast heartbeat You're also at greater risk for a severe type of colitis.
Question: What are common antibiotics used for Crohn's disease?
Answer: The most common ones used for Crohn's are: Ciprofloxacin ( Cipro) Metronidazole ( Flagyl) Some people need to get antibiotics through a vein ( IV).
Question: What are abscesses, fistulas and pouchitis in relation to Crohn's disease?
Answer: These are pockets of pus that, in Crohn's, often form near the anus. Fistulas. These are abnormal tunnels that go from one part of your intestine to another or to nearby areas, such as the bladder, vagina, anus, or skin. Pouchitis. For some people, Crohn's disease is so severe that they need an operation to have their colon removed. The surgeon makes an internal pouch to hold solid waste before it leaves your body. If this area becomes inflamed -- known as "pouchitis" -- you'll need antibiotics for treatment.
Question: Can I drink alcohol while taking metronidazole for Crohn's?
Answer: It can interact with the drug to cause a rare but severe reaction. The symptoms are nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath.
Question: When should you not take ciprofloxacin for Crohn's disease?
Answer: Do not take ciprofloxacin within a couple of hours of taking: Antacids Vitamin or mineral supplements that contain calcium, iron, or zinc This combination can make the antibiotic less effective.
Question: What are possible side effects of ciprofloxacin for Crohn's?
Answer: These side effects of ciprofloxacin are rare, but may include: Headache and severe dizziness Nausea, stomach pain, and diarrhea Sensitivity to sun Rupture of a tendon (very rare) Confusion Depression Hallucinations Fast heartbeat You're also at greater risk for a severe type of colitis. If you get it, you'll need treatment with another type of antibiotic.
Question: Are there precautions to take when taking antibiotics for Crohn's?
Answer: No matter which antibiotic you're taking: Let your doctor know if you're pregnant before starting the medication. Wear sunscreen during daylight hours. Know that antibiotics can make birth control pills less effective. Be aware that antibiotics can make bleeding more likely if you're also taking anticoagulants (drugs that curb blood clots).
Question: What are the most common medications for ADHD?
Answer: The most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD are stimulants. These include: Amphetamine ( Adzenys XR- ODT) Amphetamine/ Dextroamphetamine ( Adderall, Adderall XR) Dexmethylphenidate ( Focalin, Focalin XR) Dextroamphetamine ( Dexedrine or Dextrostat) Lisdexamfetamine ( Vyvanse) Methylphenidate ( Concerta, Daytrana, Metadate, Methylin, Quillivant XR, Ritalin) Some of these drugs may be available in longer-acting formulations.
Question: How do dosages differ in children who receive multimodal treatment of ADHD?
Answer: Children who receive multimodal treatment may need lower doses of medications compared to children only receiving medication.
Question: What combination of drugs in multimodal treatment of ADHD is most effective?
Answer: A multimodal plan is effective for most children. The particular therapy and medication, however, will vary depending on the individual child. Doctors, parents, and teachers need to work together to develop and administer the best treatment for each child and family.
Question: What is multimodal treatment of ADHD?
Answer: Multimodal treatment involves multiple methods of treatment that work together to help a child with ADHD. The main components of this approach are medications, behavioral therapy, and education.
Question: How is ADHD treated?
Answer: But research suggests that for many children, the best way to manage the symptoms is a multimodal approach.
Question: How many children have ADHD?
Answer: It affects an estimated 5.2 million school-age children in the U. S. Everyone, especially younger children, may have symptoms of ADHD from time to time.
Question: What are characteristics of ADHD?
Answer: ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and the inability to control impulses.
Question: How do I know if my child has ADHD?
Answer: Or it could help a child complete homework.
Question: Why is a medical history and exam necessary for ADHD treatment?
Answer: A higher risk of strokes, heart attacks, and sudden death among patients with existing heart conditions has been linked to use of ADHD medications. An increased risk of psychiatric problems has also been linked to ADHD medications.
Question: What are the side effects of ADHD medicine?
Answer: Side effects of ADHD medicines can include: Anxiety Decreased appetite Fatigue Irritability Sleeping difficulties Skin discoloration (with patches) Upset stomach Most side effects are minor and improve with time. In some cases, doctors may lower a medication dosage to relieve side effects.
Question: How does multimodal treatment benefit children with ADHD?
Answer: It also was effective for those with anxiety and depression in addition to ADHD. Children who receive multimodal treatment may need lower doses of medications compared to children only receiving medication. A multimodal plan is effective for most children.
Question: What does education for parents of children with ADHD involve?
Answer: Educating parents about the disorder and its management is another important part of ADHD treatment. For parents, this may include learning parenting skills to help the child manage his or her behavior. That would involve skills such as giving positive feedback for desirable behaviors, ignoring undesirable behaviors, and giving time-outs when the child's behavior is out of control. In some cases, the child's entire family may be involved in this part of the treatment.
Question: What is the preferred treatment for ADHD in children?
Answer: Treatment guidelines call for behavior therapy as the preferred treatment for preschool children with ADHD. Medicine may be prescribed if further treatment is needed. For older children with ADHD, age 6 and older, an approach that includes both behavior therapy and medication is preferred.
Question: Will I have to try several medications before my child's ADHD symptoms disappear?
Answer: Non-stimulant medications used to treat ADHD, include: Atomoxetine ( Strattera) Clonidine ER ( Kapvay) Guanfacine ER ( Intuniv) ADHD medications are used to improve children's ability to concentrate and work. Sometimes, a doctor must prescribe different medications or different dosages before finding the best treatment for a child. Doctors and parents need to carefully monitor children taking medications for ADHD.
Question: What does behavioral therapy of ADHD involve?
Answer: The main components of this approach are medications, behavioral therapy, and education. This may involve helping the child learn to organize time and activities. It may also involve helping the child control his or her impulses and responses to emotional stimuli.
Question: What happens when you get a bladder infection?
Answer: That causes the lining of the urethra to get thinner and may change the balance of bacteria in the vagina, making infections more likely. When men get them, a prostate infection usually is the cause.
Question: What causes bladder infections?
Answer: The main culprits are bacteria, usually E. coli. These bacteria live on your skin and in your intestines and most of the time, they're not a problem. Everyone has them.
Question: What causes bladder infections after menopause?
Answer: After menopause, women have less of the hormone estrogen. That causes the lining of the urethra to get thinner and may change the balance of bacteria in the vagina, making infections more likely.
Question: What causes bladder infections during pregnancy?
Answer: During pregnancy, the baby can press on your bladder, which prevents it from emptying completely and gives bacteria a place to thrive.
Question: What causes bladder infections in men?
Answer: When men get them, a prostate infection usually is the cause. But any blockage -- like from a bladder stone or enlarged prostate -- can prevent the bladder from totally emptying and cause infection.
Question: Who usually gets bladder infections?
Answer: Usually, the infections are more annoying than they are serious, and antibiotics are the treatment. But they can travel up the ureters to the kidneys and cause more severe problems, so it's important to treat them right away. Bladder infections are more common in women than men for several reasons.
Question: What makes bladder infections more common in women?
Answer: Women get bladder infections much more than men do. Having sex, wiping from back to front after you go to the bathroom, putting in a tampon, and using a diaphragm for birth control are all ways bacteria can get in. That causes the lining of the urethra to get thinner and may change the balance of bacteria in the vagina, making infections more likely.
Question: What can I do to help manage a pinched nerve in my elbow?
Answer: If you have surgery, physical therapy to regain your arm and hand strength will likely be advised. You might need a splint for a few weeks to help make sure the elbow heals properly. Ongoing care for your elbow should include steps to avoid injuring or irritating the nerve further. You should be careful to avoid trauma to your elbow. You may also need to learn, with occupational therapy, how to hold your arm differently, stretch, or take frequent breaks when doing everyday activities such as working on your computer.
Question: What health conditions are linked to panic attacks?
Answer: This is where you have a hard time controlling your worry, and you struggle to keep your anxiety in check. But one of the challenges with panic attacks, long or short, is that the same symptoms happen with a wide range of other health conditions, including allergic reactions and heart and lung diseases. And if you have a tendency to panic, some health problems -- like low blood sugar, asthma, or an overactive thyroid -- can trigger a full-blown panic attack.
Question: Why does my panic attack feel like it will never stop?
Answer: If you get a panic attack, it usually lasts 20 to 30 minutes, hitting its peak at about 10 minutes in. That's why panic attacks that last as long as an hour aren't very common. If that's happening to you, it's likely one of three things: Waves of panic attacks Aftereffects of a single panic attack Another health condition If you have panic attack symptoms for an hour or more, you may really be having a wave of panic attacks, one after another. The overall effect feels like you're being hit with one never-ending attack. The fight or flight response is so draining, it's hard to set it off that often.
Question: How can you tell a panic attack from high anxiety?
Answer: A more likely possibility is that you had a single panic attack that leaves you feeling generally anxious, tired, and frayed. It's tricky. A true panic attack tends to have clear, intense, physical symptoms -- a pounding heart, shortness of breath, and so on. Anxiety can give you some of these, but they tend to be milder. Instead, you'll have more mental symptoms like a racing mind, lots of worries you can't stop, and a hard time focusing. You might also feel restless and have a hard time sleeping.
Question: Why would a panic attack keep going?
Answer: So what's going on if it seems to you like your panic attack just won't end? If that's happening to you, it's likely one of three things: Waves of panic attacks Aftereffects of a single panic attack Another health condition If you have panic attack symptoms for an hour or more, you may really be having a wave of panic attacks, one after another.
Question: How often should I eat if I have gestational diabetes?
Answer: Have three small meals along with two or three snacks at about the same times every day.
Question: How can surgery help a grown man with undescended testicle?
Answer: If you're a grown man with an undescended testicle, surgery to correct it isn't likely to change your fertility level. But you will want to talk to your doctor about testicular cancer as an undescended testicle makes you a little more likely to get it. And since the undescended testicle isn't in the scrotum, it's not possible to do self-exams, which are key to finding cancerous lumps early.
Question: Whatâs an undescended testicle?
Answer: Normally, testicles move from the lower belly into the scrotum -- the pouch of skin below the penis -- in the last few months before birth. But sometimes, one or both do not fall into place. This is called an undescended testicle, and it can affect fertility later in life.
Question: Why is surgery on an undescended testicle called for at such an early age?
Answer: Now they recommend it at 6 to 12 months -- 18 months at the latest. Doctors now know that important changes in the testicles happen very early in life. By the time a boy is just 1 year old, an undescended testicle can start to lose the cells that make sperm. And the longer the testicle stays lodged, the higher the odds that the problem could get worse.
Question: What Is jaundice?
Answer: Newborn babies often get it. But adults can, too. Jaundice happens when there's too much bilirubin, a yellow-orange substance, in your blood. It's found in your red blood cells. When those cells die, the liver filters it from the bloodstream. But if something's wrong and your liver can't keep up, bilirubin builds up and can cause your skin to look yellow. But your doctor will treat the condition that's causing it.
Question: How is jaundice diagnosed?
Answer: Jaundice happens when there's too much bilirubin, a yellow-orange substance, in your blood. If you have jaundice, your level of bilirubin will be high. Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and medical history. She may also give you a physical exam and order tests to check your liver. And she'll do more tests, including imaging tests to find out what caused it.
Question: Whoy do adults get jaundice?
Answer: But adults can, too. Some of these include: Hepatitis: Most of the time, this infection is caused by a virus. Pancreatic cancer: This is the 10th most common cancer in men and the ninth in women.
Question: Can genes play a role in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)?
Answer: Since not everyone with a history of brain trauma gets CTE, some researchers think other things, like genetics, may play a role. But head impacts are the only proven cause.
Question: What are symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)?
Answer: You may have: Memory loss Confusion Impulsive or erratic behavior Bad judgment Aggression Depression Paranoia Dementia These conditions usually begin years, sometimes decades, after your last brain injury or when you stopped playing. Some symptoms are similar to those seen in people with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, which makes it hard to diagnose. Let your doctor know about any head injuries you've had, no matter how long ago, and when your symptoms started.
Question: How can kids and athletes prevent concussions?
Answer: Let your doctor know about any head injuries you've had, no matter how long ago, and when your symptoms started.
Question: How soon can chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) be diagnosed?
Answer: Researchers are developing tests to diagnose CTE earlier. There have already been breakthroughs in tau imaging, and scientists have learned a lot about the condition. Their work may lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Question: Is tau bad for you?
Answer: The clumped tau also spreads to other cells and makes it harder for the brain to work. This is CTE. Make sure all gear is worn properly.
Question: What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)?
Answer: Doctors first identified it under a different name in the 1920s in aging boxers. CTE results from cumulative damage and usually happens years later. When you've had repeated blows to the head, including concussions, they set off a slow series of events that may lead to brain problems. But people who play or have played contact sports face the highest risk.
Question: What severe reactions can I get from anesthesia during surgery?
Answer: Severe reactions to anesthesia are rare, but they do happen. For some people, confusion and memory loss can last as long as a week. And certain people are at greater risk of long-term memory loss. Talk to your doctor about these risks if you have: Heart disease Alzheimer's Parkinson's Lung disease A past stroke Anesthesia hampers your normal breathing and stifles your urge to cough.
Question: What is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and how does it appear after a surgery?
Answer: Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT) can be a problem especially after hip or leg surgery. It's a blood clot in a vein deep inside your thigh or belly. It may make your leg swollen, red, and painful, or it may not cause any symptoms at all.
Question: What happens to my muscles after surgery?
Answer: It doesn't seem like your muscles would weaken after a few days of resting in bed, but they can. Even young, healthy adults lose about 1% of their muscles on a day of complete bed rest. For older adults, it's up to 5% every day. The weaker you are, the longer it will take you to recover completely. So sit up and move when you can. Get out of bed as soon as it's safe to. Eat nutritious foods to help you heal and keep your energy up.
Question: What does it mean if I have pain after my surgery?
Answer: Nearly everyone has some pain after surgery. How much will depend on what type of procedure you've had and how healthy you were before you went into the operating room. Many procedures now are less "invasive" -- in the end, it hurts less and you recover faster. And there are plenty of options for managing your pain. Don't tough it out. Talk to your doctor before your surgery about your options and what's best for you. When your pain is well-controlled, you'll be more willing to move again, and that's key to getting back to your daily routine. You'll also be also less likely to have complications like blood clots or pneumonia.
Question: How can I prevent infection of my wounds after surgery?
Answer: Watch out for: Redness and swelling around the cut Fluid or pus draining from the wound Fever Generally, fewer than 3 people out of 100 will get an infection after surgery. But your chances go up if you're older, you smoke, you're overweight, or you have diabetes or other medical issues. The risk is also higher with an emergency operation or a surgery that lasts more than a couple of hours. Your doctors, nurses, and other health-care providers should clean their hands and all tools and devices they use thoroughly. While you're recovering, carefully follow your doctor's instructions for caring for your cut. Wash your hands before you do. When friends and family come to visit, ask them to clean their hands, too, with soap and water or hand sanitizer.
Question: What are common complaints from anesthesia after having  a surgery?
Answer: When you wake up from "being under," you won't be feeling your best. Common complaints include: Being queasy Confusion Chills Itching Sore throat These symptoms usually don't last long.
Question: What are things that I should watch out with my surgical cut after surgery?
Answer: Most of them are minor, affecting just the skin around the surgical cut. They slow the healing process. But sometimes one can become severe and even life-threatening. Watch out for: Redness and swelling around the cut Fluid or pus draining from the wound Fever Generally, fewer than 3 people out of 100 will get an infection after surgery.
Question: What breathing problems from anesthesia can I have after surgery?
Answer: Talk to your doctor about these risks if you have: Heart disease Alzheimer's Parkinson's Lung disease A past stroke Anesthesia hampers your normal breathing and stifles your urge to cough. After chest or abdominal surgery, it could hurt to breathe in deeply or push air out. Mucus may build up in your lungs. You may not have any symptoms. But if a large part of your lung collapses or stops inflating, it can cause: Shortness of breath Rapid breathing and heart rate Blue lips or skin To prevent a collapsed lung, your doctor may have you use a device called an incentive spirometer.