anand-s/m_qalm huggingface dataset:
Question: Which domain allowing self-association do exist in TDP-43 and FUS proteins?
Answer: PRION PROTEINS
Question: Which domain allowing self-association do exist in TDP-43 and FUS proteins?
Answer: Mutations in related RNA-binding proteins TDP-43, FUS/TLS and TAF15 have been connected to ALS. These three proteins share several features, including the presence of a bioinformatics-predicted prion domain, aggregation-prone nature in vitro and in vivo and toxic effects when expressed in multiple model systems. TDP-43, FUS and TAF15 share similar properties, including aggregation-prone behavior in vitro and ability to confer neurodegeneration in Drosophila. For TDP-43, both the RRM1 and the C-terminal glycine-rich domain are required for SG localization. Moreover, two RNA-binding proteins, FUS and TDP-43, which form cytoplasmic aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, harbor a 'prion domain' similar to those found in several yeast prion protein
Question: Which domain allowing self-association do exist in TDP-43 and FUS proteins?
Answer: Scouring the human genome with this algorithm enriches a select group of RNA-binding proteins harboring a canonical RNA recognition motif (RRM) and a putative prion domain. Moreover, two RNA-binding proteins, FUS and TDP-43, which form cytoplasmic aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, harbor a 'prion domain' similar to those found in several yeast prion proteins. PrLDs are over-represented in human RNA-binding proteins and mediate phase transitions underpinning RNP granule assembly. For example, TDP-43 and FUS form cytoplasmic inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and mutations in TDP-43 and FUS can cause ALS.
Question: Which domain allowing self-association do exist in TDP-43 and FUS proteins?
Answer: Two RNA-binding proteins, FUS and TDP-43, which form cytoplasmic aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, harbor a 'prion domain' similar to those found in several yeast prion proteins.
Question: What is the 3D tomography imaging technique for diagnosis of  eye disease?
Answer: Currently, eye care professionals use optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans to help diagnose eye conditions.
Question: Which graph database is used by the Reactome graph database?
Answer: Reactome is a free, open-source, open-data, curated and peer-reviewed knowledgebase of biomolecular pathways. The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery.
Question: Which graph database is used by the Reactome graph database?
Answer: The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery. The adoption of this technology greatly improved query efficiency, reducing the average query time by 93%.
Question: Which graph database is used by the Reactome graph database?
Answer: The Reactome graph database organizes data and annotations (called tracks) around the reference sequences or draft assemblies of many eukaryotic biomolecular pathways and presents them using a powerful web-based graphical interface. The data are stored in a relational database, Neo4j, which is updated regularly with the addition of new data and corrections to previous data.
Question: Which graph database is used by the Reactome graph database?
Answer: The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery. The adoption of this technology greatly improved query efficiency, reducing the average query time by 93%. The web service built on top of the graph database provides programmatic access to Reactome data by object oriented queries, but also supports more complex queries that take advantage of the new underlying graph-based data storage.
Question: Which cyclin- dependent kinase inhibitor is regulated by Bmi-1?
Answer: p16INK4 (also known as CDKN2A)
Question: Which data simulator is available for CLIP-SEQ experiments?
Answer: CLIP-Seq protocols such as PAR-CLIP, HITS-CLIP or iCLIP allow a genome-wide analysis of protein-RNA interactions. For the processing of the resulting short read data, various tools are utilized. Some of these tools were specifically developed for CLIP-Seq data, whereas others were designed for the analysis of RNA-Seq data. To this date, however, it has not been assessed which of the available tools are most appropriate for the analysis of CLIP-Seq data. This is because an experimental gold standard dataset on which methods can be accessed and compared, is still not available. To address this lack of a gold-standard dataset, Cseq-Simulator was developed as a simulator for PAR-CLIP, HITS-CLIP and iCLIP-data. This simulator can be applied to generate realistic datasets that can serve as surrogates for experimental gold standard dataset.
Question: How many doses of vaxchora are required?
Answer: Vaxchora is a single-dose vaccine.
Question: Which enzyme is deficient in Gaucher's disease?
Answer: Gaucher's disease is caused by deficient lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity
Question: Which enzyme is deficient in Gaucher's disease?
Answer: Gaucher disease is an inborn recessive autosomal disease due to a partial deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme beta glucocerebrosidase. The deficient activity leads to accumulation of the lipid glucocerebroside in the liver, the spleen and bone marrow with concomitant anemia and thrombocytopenia.
Question: How many genes outside of the MHC locus have been genetically associated to Rheumatoid Arthritis through GWAS?
Answer: Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 30 loci involved in RA pathogenesis. To date, over 30 non-MHC RA-associated loci have been identified in humans, and over 100 arthritis-associated loci have been identified in rodent models of RA. The most relevant non-HLA gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with RA include PTPN22, IL23R, TRAF1, CTLA4, IRF5, STAT4, CCR6, PADI4. Previous studies demonstrate that 6 of the established non-HLA CD and RA risk loci (out of 26 loci for each disease) are shared between both diseases.
Question: What is a foam cell?
Answer: Foam cell, a hallmark of atherosclerosis, is prominently derived from monocyte-differentiated macrophage, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through unlimitedly phagocytizing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Therefore, the inhibition of monocyte adhesion to endothelium and uptake of oxLDL might be a breakthrough point for retarding atherosclerosis.
Question: Treatment of which disease was studied in the Gore REDUCE Clinical Study?
Answer: The Gore REDUCE Clinical Study studied superiority of patent foramen ovale closure in conjunction with antiplatelet therapy over antiplatelet therapy alone in reducing the risk of recurrent clinical ischemic stroke or new silent brain infarct in patients who have had a cryptogenic stroke.
Question: Which molecule is targeted by Asciminib?
Answer: Asciminib is an orally administered allosteric inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase.
Question: Which human gene encode for DNA polymerase θ?
Answer: DNA polymerase theta (pol θ) is an evolutionarily conserved protein encoded by the POLQ gene in mammalian genomes
Question: Which disease is linked to mutations within BRAG1?
Answer: Mutations in BRAG1 have been identified in families with X-linked intellectual disability (XLID).
Question: What is the role of fucokinase?
Answer: FUK encodes fucokinase, the only enzyme capable of converting L-fucose to fucose-1-phosphate, which will ultimately be used for synthesizing GDP-fucose, the donor substrate for all fucosyltransferases.
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: Ty3 is preferentially inserted in genes encoding transfer RNA genes.
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: The retrovirus-like element Ty3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae integrates at the transcription initiation region of RNA polymerase III genes and is preferentially inserted in transfer RNA genes.
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: Ty3 integrates within the region of RNA polymerase III transcription initiation. Thus, genomic insertions of Ty3 in a particular orientation are apparently specified by the target, while the actual position of the insertion relative to the tRNA-coding sequence can vary slightly.
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: The retrovirus-like element Ty3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae integrates at the transcription initiation region of RNA polymerase III
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: The yeast transpozable element Ty3 is preferentially located in the promoter region of genes encoding ribosomal proteins.
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: rna polymerase iii
Question: Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?
Answer: Ty3 inserts at transcription initiation sites of genomic tRNA genes and plasmid-borne 5S and U6 RNA genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III.
Question: Is Rheumatoid Arthritis more common in men or women?
Answer: Disease patterns in RA vary between the sexes; the condition is more commonly seen in women, who exhibit a more aggressive disease and a poorer long-term outcome.
Question: Cytochrome p450 CYP3A is induced by rifampicin  and compounds used to treat what virus?
Answer: Etravirine is an effective and well-tolerated recently approved non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for HIV type-1-infected patients with previous antiretroviral treatment experience.  Etravirine is a weak inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A
Question: Cytochrome p450 CYP3A is induced by rifampicin  and compounds used to treat what virus?
Answer: Four CYP3A inducers were used: rifampicin, rifabutin, carbamazepine, and efavirenz Etravirine is an effective and well-tolerated recently approved non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for HIV type-1-infected patients with previous antiretroviral treatment experience.
Question: Which is the target protein of the drug nivolumab?
Answer: Nivolumab was developed as a monoclonal antibody against programmed death receptor-1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor which negatively regulates T-cell proliferation and activation.
Question: In which condition was protein S100A7 originally identified?
Answer: Psoriasin (S100A7) was originally identified in psoriasis.
Question: Where are Paneth cells located?
Answer: Paneth cells are located in the intestinal crypt base columnar cells (CBCCs).
Question: Which is the most common measure of differences between dinucleotide relative abundance "genomic signatures"
Answer: The concept of a genomic signature was introduced with the observation of species-type specific Dinucleotide Relative Abundance Profiles (DRAPs). The set of dinucleotide odds ratios or 'general design' is a remarkably stable property of the DNA of an organism, and can be used to discriminate between sequences from different organisms. The average absolute dinucleotide relative abundance difference is termed delta-distance. Delta-distance is the most commonly used measure of differences bwetween "genomic signatures". Delta-distances between different genomic sequences in the same species are low, and are generally smaller than the between-species delta-distances.
Question: What is the main manifestation of Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome (MIM 186550) is a very rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by three main features: dysplasia of all of the bony components of the elbow joint, abnormalities in the shape of carpal bones, and brachydactyly.
Question: What is the main manifestation of Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome (MIM 186550) is a very rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by dysplasia of all of the bony components of the elbow joint, abnormalities in the shape of carpal bones, and brachydactyly . It is caused by a deletion upstream to the PITX1 gene resulting in transformation of the upper limbs to reflect lower limb characteristics .
Question: What is the main manifestation of Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: People who are affected by Liebenberg Syndrome suffer from three main symptoms: Dysplasia (improper formation) of the bony components of the elbow. Abnormal shape of carpal bones. Brachydactyly, a symptom where the fingers and toes are shorter than normal.
Question: What is the main manifestation of Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome (MIM 186550) is a very rare autosomal dominant condition . It is characterized by dysplasia of all of the bony components of the elbow joint, abnormalities in the shape of carpal bones, and brachydactyly . We speculate that the area of deletion contains a regulatory sequence that suppresses the expression of PITX1 in the upper limb buds .
Question: What is the main manifestation of Liebenberg syndrome?
Answer: Liebenberg syndrome (MIM 186550) is a very rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by three main features: dysplasia of all of the bony components of the elbow joint, abnormalities in the shape of carpal bones, and brachydactyly
Question: What causes Katayama Fever?
Answer: Katayama fever is an acute clinical condition characterised by high fever, dry cough and general malaise occurring during early Schistosoma spp. infection.
Question: What is the characteristic feature of the Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.
Answer: Cerebral hemiatrophy (atrophy of one cerebral hemisphere) is the characteristic feature of the Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome. It develops due to an insult to the brain in fetal or early childhood period. Calvarial thickening, skull and facial asymmetry, contralateral hemiparesis, cognitive impairment and seizures are also characteristic to the Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.
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Question: What is the mode of administration of Ubrogepant?
Answer: Ubrogepant (MK-1602) is administered orally.
Question: Which enzyme is inhibited by Varespladib?
Answer: Varespladib is a secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibitor. It was tested in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Question: What is the function of the protein Magt1?
Answer: The magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) is a critical regulator of basal intracellular free magnesium ([Mg2+]i) levels.
Question: Which is the protein encoded by the human gene GRIK?
Answer: Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic Kainate
Question: What is another name for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD)?
Answer: Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency(ASMD) is also known as Niemann-Pick disease type A and type B.
Question: What is another name for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD)?
Answer: Historically, ASMD has been classified as Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) types A (NPD A) and B (NPD B). The clinical spectrum distinguishes a severe infantile neurological form (type A), a non-neurological visceral form (type B) and a rare intermediate neurovisceral form.
Question: What is another name for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD)?
Answer: Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is an autosomal recessive disease with a clinical spectrum ranging from a neurovisceral infantile form (Niemann-Pick disease type A) to a chronic visceral form also encountered in adults (Niemann-Pick disease type B, NP-B)
Question: What is another name for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD)?
Answer: niemann-pick disease
Question: What is the life expectancy of professional athletes in respect to the general population?
Answer: Elite endurance (aerobic) athletes and mixed-sports (aerobic and anaerobic) athletes show higher longevity than the general population, but results  about power (anaerobic) athletes are inconsistent.
Question: What is the life expectancy of professional athletes in respect to the general population?
Answer: It remains unclear if high-intensity sports activities further increase life expectancy.
Competitive exercise does not induce cardiac damage in individuals with healthy hearts, but does induce physiological functional and structural cardiac adaptations which have positive effects on life expectancy
It appears that elite endurance (aerobic) athletes and mixed-sports (aerobic and anaerobic) athletes survive longer than the general population, as indicated by lower mortality and higher longevity.
Question: What is the aim of the TRAP assay?
Answer: Telomerase enzyme activity can be detected in whole cell lysates by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method referred to as the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).
Question: What is a mitosome?
Answer: Mitosomes are the simplest and the least well-studied type of anaerobic mitochondria. 	The mitosomes have abandoned typical mitochondrial traits such as the mitochondrial genome and aerobic respiration and their single role known to date is the formation of iron-sulfur clusters
Question: What is the results of mutations in the gene autoimmune regulator?
Answer: Autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE)
Question: Reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to treat what specific type of asthma?
Answer: Reslizumab in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma: an update.
Question: Reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to treat what specific type of asthma?
Answer: Reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to treat eosinophilic asthma
Question: Which heat shock protein is found to be upregulated during Hsp90 inhibition?
Answer: HSP90 inhibition was found to be associated with induction of HSP70 expression.
Question: Which disease is treated with Nusinersen?
Answer: Nusinersen us used for treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy.
Question: CURB65 score is used for stratification of which disease?
Answer: CURB65 (confusion, urea, respiration, blood pressure; age>65 years) is used for assessment of pneumonia severity.
Question: Which is the enzymatic activity of OTULIN?
Answer: OTULIN is a deubiquitinase, that specifically cleaves Met1-linked polyUb.
Question: What is the incidence of Edwards syndrom in the european population?
Answer: Between 0.125 and 39 in every 1000 live births. Most probably 1:5000 of live-born.
Question: What is the function of lysozyme?
Answer: Lysozymes are an ancient group of antimicrobial enzymes of the innate immune system. Lysozyme activity is a marker of Paneth cell function.
Question: Which pituitary adenoma is common cause of infertility is women?
Answer: Prolactinoma is a pituitary adenoma that is strongly associated with infertility in women mainly due to increased prolactin secretion causing hyperprolactinemia. Other pituitary lesions can also be associated with infertility.
Question: Which ApoE isoform is associated with atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease?
Answer: The ApoE4 isoform is associated with increased frequency of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Question: Which disease the skin condition Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is associated to?
Answer: Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) is a rare, granulomatous inflammatory skin disease of unknown origin, sometimes associated with diabetes mellitus.
Question: Which is the database of somatic mutations in normal cells?
Answer: DSMNC is a database of somatic mutations in normal cells (http://dsmnc.big.ac.cn/) and provides a comprehensive catalogue of somatic SNVs in single cells from various normal tissues. In the current version, the database collected ∼0.8 million SNVs accumulated in ∼600 single normal cells (579 human cells and 39 mouse cells). The database interface supports the user-friendly capability of browsing and searching the SNVs and their annotation information.
Question: Which R/bioconductor package exists for discovery of intergenic transcripts?
Answer: To increase the power of transcript discovery from large collection of RNA-seq data sets, a novel '1-Step' approach named pooling RNA-Seq and Assembling Models (PRAM) has been developed that build transcript models from pooled RNA- sequencing data sets. PRAM is implemented as an R/Bioconductor package.
Question: Which R/bioconductor package exists for discovery of intergenic transcripts?
Answer: PRAM is a novel pooling approach for discoveries of intergenic transcripts from large-scale RNA sequencing experiments.
Question: Which R/bioconductor package exists for discovery of intergenic transcripts?
Answer: PRAM is a novel pooling approach for discovering intergenic transcripts from large-scale RNA sequencing experiments. PRAM is implemented as an R/Bioconductor package. It covers raw reads alignment, RNA methylation site detection, motif discovery and functional analysis. More than 50% of reconstructed transcripts represent novel transcriptome elements, including 8,343 novel exons and exon extensions of annotated coding genes, 11,217 novel antisense transcripts and 29,541 novel intergenic transcript or their fragments showing canonical features of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).
Question: Which R/bioconductor package exists for discovery of intergenic transcripts?
Answer: Pooling RNA-seq and Assembling Models (PRAM) is a novel approach for discovering intergenic transcripts from large-scale RNA sequencing experiments. Applying PRAM to 30 human ENCODE RNA-seq data sets identified unannotated transcripts with epigenetic signatures similar to those of recently annotated transcripts.
Question: Which R/bioconductor package exists for discovery of intergenic transcripts?
Answer: PRAM (Pooling RNA-seq and Assembling Models) is a novel pooling approach for discovering intergenic transcripts from large-scale RNA sequencing experiments.
Question: Where is the histone variant CENPA preferentially localized?
Answer: Centromere protein A (Cenpa for mouse, CENP-A for other species) is an essential histone H3-like protein that localizes to the centromeric region of eukaryotic chromosomes, where it replaces conventional histone H3 and together with centromere-specific-DNA-binding factors directs the assembly of active kinetochores.
Question: Where is the histone variant CENPA preferentially localized?
Answer: THe histone variant CENPA is preferentially located at Centromeric chromatin
Question: What is dystopia canthorum?
Answer: Dystopia canthorum is defined as a prominent broad nasal root with increased intercanthal distance.
Question: Which gene is mutated in the classic Bartter's syndrome?
Answer: Classic Bartter's syndrome has been demonstrated to result from defective chloride transport across the basolateral membrane in the distal nephron due to mutations in the chloride channel gene CLCNKB.
Question: What is the function of the TMEM132 genes?
Answer: The extra-cellular portions of TMEM132 proteins contain five conserved domains including three tandem immunoglobulin domains, and a cohesin domain homologue, the first such domain found in animals. These findings strongly predict a cellular adhesion function for TMEM132 family, connecting the extracellular medium with the intracellular actin cytoskeleton.
Question: Which is the most common gene signature in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients?
Answer: A five gene type I IFN signature was assessed in these subjects to identify subpopulations showing both activation and concordance of the type I IFN pathway in the peripheral blood and disease-affected tissues of each disease and to correlate activation of this pathway in the WB with clinical measurements.R Baseline disease activity measurements correlated with a type I IFN gene signature in the WB of subjects with SLE, PM and SSc, as did various serum autoantibody levels in subjects with SLE and DM.
Question: Which is the most common gene signature in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients?
Answer: Baseline disease activity measurements correlated with a type I IFN gene signature in the WB of subjects. The type I IFN signature negatively predicts the clinical response to rituximab treatment in patients with RA.