Meghalay

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Bhartachea 22 ghottok rajeantolem ixany vattharantolem ekh rajy. KxetrofollH 22,429 chovo.Kimi.LoksonkheaH 1,760,626(1991). Xilang hi hea rajeachi rajdhani ani rajeantolem ek vhodd xar. Meghaloyache utrek ani udentek bhartantolem asam' rajy ani dokxinnek toxench ostontek bangladex asa. Poilinchea asam' rajeantole garo hily, somyukt khasi ani zoitia hils jilheanche mellun 21 zanevari 1972 disa bharti-i songhrajeantolem ek rajy mhunn meghaloyachi sthapnnuk zali.
Nhomyo
hangachea dongri ani potthari prodexantlean khub nhomyo vhamvtat. Choddxo nhomyo tollpantlean ani dongratlean vhamvil'lean teo chodd nettan vhamvtat. Tekhatir modim modim dhobdhobe toyar zatat.Rajeachea garo hils jilheantlean krixnnai, kalu, bhugi, nitai,somexrvori nhomyo vhamvtat. Khasi hils jilheantlean kinxi, khi, umtryu, umnogott, umiam' mauflang ani umiam' khvankhvan zalear zoitia hils jilheantlean kopili, myinttddu ani myinttang heo nhomyo vhamvtat. Xilangosaun 16 kimi. Ontracher boddapani lek hem tollem ani umiam' ho namnecho zolvighutnirmiti proklp toxench cherapunji lagsar mosmai hangacho nohsnigothiang dhobdhobo polloup sarko asa.
Dongri vatthar
meghaloi ho dangri vatthar. Ostontekoddlea gora dongul'leanchi unchai 300 mi.Zalear udentekoddlean khasi dongul'leanchi unchai 1,800 mi. Asa. Zoitia dongul'leanchi unchai matxi unni asa. 'xilang pik' hi rajeantoli soglleant uncheli suvat asun tichi unchai 1,965 mi. Asa. Ostontekodde garo dongul'leantolem 1,412 mi. Unchayechem nokrek hem rajeantolem dusrem unchelem temuk asa.
Zomniche prokar
hangache zomniche tin prokar korum yetat. Dokxinnekoddolo demvti axil'lo prodex potthari prodex ani utrekoddlea asamachea degnna lagsarocho matso demvti axil'lo vatthar. Ostonteporos udentekoddlea prodexantoli unchai vaddot vota. Rajdhani xilang ho modhyourti potthari prodex.
Hovaman
noirrity mosmi vareanchea kallant. Bongalchea upsagora voilean ayil'lem baxpan bhoril'lem varem ani kupam meghaloyachea dongrall vattharant yetat. Hem varem ani kupam dongrall prodex axil'lean addautat. Te khatir hi bhum-i sodanch kupamni bhoril'li axil'loyan tika meghaloi mhonnttat. Garo hils hangachem vorsuki tapman choddant chodd 34 se. Ani unneant unnem 4 se. Asa. Khasi ani zoitia hilsantolem hech promann onukroman 23.3 se.Asa. Hangacho vorsuki paus 1000 te 1200 sem'mi. Asa. Zogant soglleant chodd paus,hea rajeantlea cherapunji ani mosinoram' hea suvatimni onukroman 1300 sem'mi. Ani 1800sem'mi. Itlo poddtta. Rajpattonn xilang hangacho vorsuki paus 241.5sem'mi. Asa.
Vonspot ani monzat
chodd pausak lagun hanga rananchoi vatthar chodd mhollear 8,51,000 hekttor itlo asa. Pain, sail, konddo toxench borch, ok, bich, gurgra, holldu, ddalu ani koutthi chamfo hi vonspot hanga chodd promannant melltta.
Hot'ti, vagh, horonn, sambor, bhangramazor, hulok, randukor, ranreddo, rangovo, landdgo, somso, makodd, xempddi naxil'lo makodd, sorop, chani, mor, titor, kobutor, hornobil. Ranbodok, popott hi monzat thoim asa.
Itihas
purvil'lea kallant brohmodex ani mizho hea vattharantlean megoliyon vonxache lok hanga yeun raule. Ahom' lok asamant rajy kortale. Tankamlagun hea vattharacher hindu somskritayecho probhavo poddlo. Khasi, zointea ani garo heo hangacheo mukhel zomati. Brittixamvellar hanga porot porot yetaleo. Meghaloyantoli mukhel khasi zomat monkhmer vanxit poromporentoli asun zointia zomat legit hech poromporentoli asa.Garo zomat tibett poromporentoli. He lok boddo bhas uloitat.
Khasi-zoitea hea zomatinchea mukheleak siem' hea namvan vollkhotat. Brittixanchea survechea kallant hanga 25 voir siem' apaplea vattharant mukhel axil'le. 1824 vorsasaun brittixamni, siem' rajyokarobharant survat keli. Brohmodexan ghal'le ghuryek lagun zointea zomaticho raza uramosimh hannem brittixankodde palou maglo. Brittixamni hi ghuri portili punn hea vattharant khub bondhnam ghalim. 1829 vorsasaun brittix ani khasi vadak survat zali.
Inglix adhkari ddeuhidd skott hannem rannikundai te slher oso marg korpati yeuzonn akhumn tekhatir nounglkha hangacho siem' tirotosimh hachekodden porvano maglo. Survek tannem brittixank virodh korpak sirvat keli. Him zhogddim 4 vorsam choltalim. Brittixamni ekeka siemak haroilo ani tirotosimhak bondkhonnint dourolo.
1863 vorsa brittixamni zoiteanchem rajy khasi prodexak zoddun khasi-zoitia oso novo prodex toyar kelo. Kompni sorkaracho xek choltalo ten'na divanni ani poujgari khottleachem kam' siem' hachekodde sompoil'lem. Hea prodexamotole roste brittixamni kel. Chuneacheo bhott'ttoyo, xetam osli soglli dhon doulot brittix odhikareamni bollzoboren bollkaili. Tankam virodh korotleank khor kheast mellttali. Siemchea avantthabhailo vatthar brittixamni sorsokott bollkailo.Lhou lhou korun siemche odhikar unne zale. 1853 vorsa hea vattharantolem loxkor ani nagri proxason vegllem kelem. 1864 vorsa cherapunji hangachi rajdhani haloun xilang hanga vheli ani thoincho karbhar polloupaposot eka upayuktachi nemnnuk keli. 1883 vorsa purai khasi prodexacher brittixamni aplo xek dourolo. Siemank hem manoulemna. 1923 vorsa khasi raxttri-i dorbar hea rajki-i pokxachi sthapnnuk keli. Khasimni suru kel'le he rajki-i svatontreache cholloullint garo zomatichea mukheleamni-i vantto ghetlo.
Khasi zomatik 1921 vorsa asam' vidhanosobhent ek protinidhi dhaddpacho odhikar mell'llo. Punn motdanache odhikar fokot xilangantlea nogropalika vattharantleach vyoktink dilo. 1927-28 vorsa saimon ayogamukhar khasimni asam' vidhanosobhent 2protinidhi asche oxi magnni keli. 1935vorsachea kaideapromannasam' prantik vidhanosobhent khasinche3 protinidhi venchle. Tatunt ek khasi bail legit axil'li. Asamant khasi somazantolech lok chodd xikil'le axil'le. 1934-35vorsa khasi sttettfedderoxonochi sthapnnuk zali.
Bharot svotontr zauchepoilim sogllea khasi siemamni ekttham-i yeun raxttri-i dorbar songhttenochi sthapnnik keli. Eka svotontr porvoti-i rajeachi magnni korpacho tancho bet axil'lo. Punn je.Je. Nikolos roi sarkea fuddareamni, tache bodlak bharti-i songhrajeabhitor svait rajeachi magnni keli. Bharti-i somvidhan toyar kortona bharot sorkaran nikolos roi hache suchounnepromann bardaloi upsomiti nemli. He somitin jilha somiti sthapon korpachi suchounni keli. Tepromann hea vattharant jilhosomiteanchi sthapnnuk zali.
1954 vorsa tura xarant vilyomoson songma hachea fuddaroponnakhal bhoril'le porixodent, hea porvoti-i vattharachem asamosaun vegllem ani svotontr rajy nirmann korchem oso nirnnoi ghetlo. Punn 1956vorsa rajyopunrchona ayogan hi magnni many keli na ani asam' rajeantuch hea vattharacho aspavo kelo. Vattharacho aspavo kelo. 1957 vorsachi venchnnuk zatkoch vilyomoson songma hacho adim' zati koleannomontri mhunn asam' montrimonddollant aspavo zalo. 1960 vorsa haflong hanga meghaloyantlea fuddareachi boska zaun tatunt portun svotontr rajeachi magnni keli.1961vorsa el partti hil liddrs konforos sthapon zaun tura hanga he songhttoneutin porixod bhoroili. 1962vorsache venchnnukent khasi garo prodexantole soglle 12 umedovar venchun aile punn svatontreachi magnni purai zali na. Dekhun 7 protinidhimni vidhanosobhecho rajinamo dilo.
31march 1962 saun thett cholloull korpachem porvoti-i fuddareamni tharailem. Punn teach vellar chinan bhartacher ghuri ghal'lean ho bet fuddem dhuklocho poddlo. 1963 vorsa zal'le pottvenchonnukent el partti hl liddrs konfornsoche 6 umedovar venchun aile. Ponddit nehrun asam' racheantuch porvoti-i vattharachem svait rajy korchem oxi suchounni keli. Kendr sorkarautin horibhavo pattsokor hannem thoinchea fuddareamvangodda nehru yeuzonnecher bhasabhas keli. Punn tankam ti manouli na. 1966 vorsa gulzharilal nonda hannem asamantuch, porvoti-i vattharakhatir svotontr vidhanosobha ani montrimonddoll aschem oso tharavo manddlo. Punn hi-i magnni tamnni nhoikaroli. 1967 che venchnnukent porvoti-i fuddareani svotontr rajeache magnnecheruch vantto ghetlo. Zanevari 1967 asamache punrrochonevixim dil'liche boskent bhasabhas zali, ten'na 1967 che vidhanosobhechea venchऩpokancher porvoti-i fuddareamni bohixokar ghalo ani asamasoit ek songhrajeachi nirmiti tamnni manun ghetlina. 25 sopttembor 1967disa pontprodhan indira gandhin meghaloyachem svotontr rajy nirmann korpacho nirnnoi ddahir kelo. Tepromann 1969 vorsa bharti-i somsden asam' punrrochona (meghaloi) nem' pas kelo. 2 epril 1970 disa meghaloi hem svait rajy zalem ani 21 zanevari 1972 saun bhartantolem svotontr rajy mhunn tachi sthapnnuk zali.
Rajyoveustha
rajeantole vidhanosobhent 60 sobhasod asun rajeache udrogotikhatir 20 vikasogott keleat. Udent ani oostont khasi hils, udent ani ostont garo hils ani zoitia hils oxe panch jilhe rajeant asat. Xilang, nagsttoin, zoui, tura ani vilyomonogor him jilheanchi mukhel tthamnni asat. Nyaiveustheche nodren meghaloi, gouhati, uchch neayaloyant yeta. Rajeant svotontr lokseva ayog asa.
Orthik sthiti
xetki pikaullH xeti hoch choddaut lokancho veusai asun,choddxe lok xeticheruch pott bhortat. Dongrall vatthar axil'lean xetki purok oxi zomin hanga unnea promannant mhollear 19,09,994 hekttor itli asa. Tatuntoli fokot 26 zomin zolsinchonakhal asa. Hanga ddhum' pod'dotichi xeti poromporen chalu asa. Kaim' svorpachi xeti zaunchi mhunn sorkar yotn korta. Tekhatir xetkamteank sudarit zomin vanttop, sarem, bim, udkachi soulot sorkar dita. Xeti utpadon bazaropetth melloun divpachoi sorkar yotn korta. Bottatt, tejhpatta, ums, kodd'ddonn, kapus, tag, ttepioka, supari, alem, miream, hollod him hangachim mukhel pikam asat. Toxench kaim vattharant bhat, gomv, moko him-i pikam kaddttat. Khasi ani zoitia jilheant follam ani bhajipaleachem utpadon zata. Naspot, sotpallu, olubukhar, onos, sofrochond, sontrim, limbu, kellimhim mhotvachim follam hanga zatat. Menddhram, mhoxi, dukram ani her zonauram hanga vhodd promannant postat. Asam' rajeak dudachi purounn hem rajea korta. Zoui hanga dudachem kendr asun thoim lonni, tup hanchem utpadon zata.
Rajeant dogddi kollso, silimonaitt, chunkhoddok, ddolomaitt, bhaddki mati, felsopar, kanchmixrit remv him khonizam mellttat. Dexantolem 95 silimonaitt utpadon hangachea khasi dongul'leanchea vattharant melltta.
Soiman nottil'lea hea rajeakhatir hanga poryotton ud'degak khub vavo asa. Adivasi somskritichim khaxeloponnam hem poryottokanchem akrxonn zaun asa.
Rajeachi ud'degik udrogot chalu asa. Rajeant ud'dagik vikas nigmochi sthapnnuk zalea. Khoniz sompti ani ranantolem utpadon hancher adarit ud'degodhonde suru zaleat. Plaivudd ,thondd peyam,khaupachem tel rosainam,sarem oslea ud'deganche proklp khajgi kxetrant suru zaleat. Cherapunji hanga sorkarocho vhodd simentt karkhano asa. Garo ani zointia hanga sorkaran lhan simentt karkhane suru keleat. Toxench lakudd kapop, kapsacheo gotthtthe bandop, bekri osle ud'deg dhondey rajeant asat. Khasi,garo ani zointia hanga mellun 644 lhan ud'degik kendram asat. Udkache lhan proklp asat ani 18,500 hekttor zomnik hacho faido zata. Rajeant 4 zolvighut ani 1 ouxnnik proklp asa.
Yeradari ani soncharonn
meghaloyant 461 kimi. Raxttri-i mohamarg asat. 5139 kimi. Lambayeche pokke ani kochche roste asat. Xilang ho ekuch vimanotoll rajeant asa. Vayudut seva hanga cholta.
Lok ani somazojinn
hanga sogllea dhormanche lok rautat. Tatunt 53 kiristamv, 15 hindu, 3 musloman ani her dhormanche lok rautat. Fattlea xenkddeasaun kiristamv dhormacho vhodd promannant prosar zalo ani khubxa lokamni kiristamv dhorm' apnnailo.
Rajeant khasi, zointia ani garo heo mukhel adivasi zomati asun,khasi ani zointia hanche bhitor khub sarkemponn asa.Khub tempasaun, hea dongrall vattharant rabito kel'lean bhailea zogakodde hea lokancho chodd sombond ailona. Dekhun tancheo chaliriti toxoch tigun urleo. Meghaloyantoli garo zomat hi mullchi tibettantoli oxem kaim zannakaranchem mot asa. He lok tibetti-brohmi vanxik gottantole asat.
Meghaloyant matrisotak ghorabom' pod'dot axil'lyin thoincheo chaliriti khaxeleo astat. Auyvottechean, tancho nateagoteantolo itihas polloitat. Isttetticho vantto auykoddlean dhuvekodde vota. Choddkorun dhakttea zamveak, mam-i-mavachi seva korpakhatir mavoddeam rauncho poddtta. Mamebhavakodde logn korpachi chal garo zomatint asa. Voyant yetkoch bhurgim nokpante namvachea yuvaghorant rautat.Kuttumbachem xetkam' soglle ekttham yeun kortat.
He lok kukddam, dukram, gorva postat. Gorvancho upeg mamsakhatir chodd kortat. Tandllamposun toyar kel'lo bir ho soro thoinchea dadleanchem auddichem pey asa. Halim te lok her toranchoi sara pietat. Sonna-porbek he lok sara pietat toxench chomeamnachuy kortat.
Sonn ani utsou
nongkrem' hi khasinchi raxttri-i porob va nachacho utsou asa. Xilangolagosar smine namvachea gamvant hi porob monoitat. Zomat mukheleakoddem hea utsovakhatir xubhdis tharaun, dhormik-bhouxik oso ho nach kortat. Nach ani songit hem khasi zomatichem khaxeloponn asa. Gitgain hem choddxem vaghvadon ani nachavangodda zata. Khasi ani garo zomatiche chomonach mekllea moidanant zatat. Khasi dadle-bailo vegveglleo vattkulleo rango korun nachtat. Dhol, nogare ani paip him vadham sathik astat. Logn zal'loyo bailo nachant vantto ghenat. Xodsukomimsiyom' ho khasincho sonn zaun asa. Ho sonn epril zata. Urbebhorit zaun nachop hem hea sonnachem khaxeloponn asa. Bhouxik utsovavellar zointia zomatint yudhdonrity kortat. Garo zomatint sugicho utsou kortat.
Kolakusor
siem' va mukheleanche mohal,pul heasarkea vastumni khasi zomatichi vastukola disun yeta. He mohal fatranche asun, tanchim daram bhangrachea va rupeachea toxench pachvea ,hollduvea valimni sozoil'lim astat. Monis,sounnim,zonauram,ranam he khasi murtikoleche vixoi zaun asat. Sonfor lagsaroche gholint deunagori lipyentole korantil'le lekh toxench zhuzari, lekh toxench zhuzari, hot'ti ani ghoddesvaranchim chitram asat. Zovai xara lagsor, eka dampoteachi xilpakriti polloupasaroki asa. Khasinche poromporik chitrokolent matyechea aidonam voilem ani kopddeavoilem velinchem nokxikam' polloupasarokem asta. Nachavellar ghaltat te mukutt toxench tanchea olonkarancher chitrovichitr chitranchem chitronn kel'leachem dista. Mel'lea monxachea angacher ghaltat te chadricher ful,sotri,zonauram hanchim chitram kaddil'lim astat.
Xikxonn
rajeantolem borpakxorichem promann 1991 che lok mejnnepromann 48.26 asa. Rajeant xikxonnik somstha vaddot asat. Thoim 1 kaido mohavideal. , 2 sorkari ani 17 khajgi mohavidealoyam ani north istton hil yunivhorsitti (NEHU) asa.
Bhaxa ani sahity
khasi ani garo heo upbhaso asat. Khasi bhas hi esttro-axiai bhaxa-pogonddantoli ani garo,boddo heo bhaso tibettobrohyi bhaxapongoddantleo manleat. Hea bhaxank svotachi lipi naxil'lean kiristamv dhorm' prosarokamni tanchekhatir romicho vapor kelo. Aizolegit thoim romi lipich vaprotat kiristamv dhorm' prosarokamni he bhaxent okunnisavea xenkddeant baibolacho novo korar (1841), poili khasi provexika ani khasi-angl xobdokox oxem saditea toyar kelem. U jiben ramb hannench 1899 vorsa xilangant svotontr chhapkhano kaddlo. Toxench seng-khasi hi somstha hi sthapun patthyopustokam toyar kelim. U rambonosimh hannem khasi dhorm', utsou, lokkotha hea vixeancher pustokam boroilim. Tacho ek lhan kothanjhelo ujvadda aila.
1895 te 1910 hea kallant khobramptram, mhoinallim-i suru kelim. Vhi.Ke.Roi hannem itihas, veakronn hea vixeancher pustokam boroileant. Radhinosimh bedi ho purvil'lo khasi kovi asa. Hea khasi kovik khub namna mell'lli. Nhomyo- dongranchem sobit vornnon techbhoxen samany lokanchi sukhdukhkham tache kovitent distat. Tannem kel'lea isaponiti chea onnkarak khub namna mell'lli. U thakyu , pi .Gatfoh ,ech.Ilais,vi.Ji.Boreh he kaim visavea xenkddeantole namneche kovi asat. Soghachea sahiteant khasi somskritayeche osmitayecher chodd bhor dista. Ech echom linddah hannem khoirom' ani cheri hea siemancho itihas boroila. Toxench khasi somskritichem adheatmik ani bhoutik khaxeloponn tannem aplea dusrea eka pustokant vornnilam. Ddi. Kostta hannem purvil'lim nattkam, kothasahitea, mohakaveam, lokkotha, mhonni ani vakprochar hanchem sonxodhon korun sahity nirmilam. Pnar bhaxent fokot vherior elvin hannem ekuch pustok boroilam. Kakenson ani divannosimh hea bhavamni garo loksahiteavixim likhann kelam. Pra. Khebett momin hachi somajik nattkokar mhunn namna asa. Khosang hea kovin tonddi poromporentlea eka purvil'lea garo mohakaveachem likhann kelam.
Mhotvachim tholla
xilang-gouhti margacher axil'lem (Uniam) sorour ani tatuntoli nustemarichi soulot, kilong rok-213 mi. Unchayecho grenaitt fatracho soimik ghumott, cherapunjilagosarocho mosmai hangacho dhobdhobo,thoimsaun laginch mosmai guha, norttiang hangachim purvil'le somskritichim vhodd paxannachim yadstikam him thollam poryottokanchim khaxelim akrxonnam tharleant.
Polleiat.
Meghalaya