A TCP aware local retransmission scheme for unreliable transmission network

Abstract: The present invention relates to a local retransmission scheme, which uses Transport Control Protocol (TCP)in an unreliable network. It provides reliable transmission for out-of-order TCP data packet in unreliable link. It recovers all non-congestion loss packets. It avoids incorrect adjustment of window size in TCP source end. It applies a TCP local retransmission scheme, which checks together link layer transfer sequence and TCP source delivery sequence. With inserting timestamp of local sequence number, which is in TCP data packet and TCP acknowledgement packet, together with acknowledgement number AN, it is defined whether a data packet is lost and retransmitted. Then, with explicit retransmission ERN feedback, a TCP source false action is avoided. Therefore the TCP performance of wireless network is greatly improved.

Description: Present invention relates to a retransmission scheme on unreliable network. More precisely, it concerns one kind of TCP Aware Local Retransmission scheme for Transport Control Protocol (TCP). The scheme provides reliable retransmission on unreliable transmission link and avoids effectively the disturbance between different layers of protocol, so it improves greatly TCP performance of the unreliable network. With the rapid development of Internet, it is very possible to be the united platform of multimedia networks in the future. Therefore, it is very important to access Internet with various network technologies, among them accessing through mobile communication system to Internet is more real. ITU is now making great efforts to promote international standards of the third generation mobile communication system (IMT2000), which is expected to support mobile computing and nomadic access of Internet. It could be said, with the development of network technology and business, the lower layers of Internet is more and more varieties. It was unpredictable for the Internet creators that the simple assumptions of the network characteristic at the creation beginning stage cause many of its kernel protocols are not adequate to the varieties of mixed network in the future, especially for the TCP layer. TCP is originally designed for wire link networks and has been widely used in Internet. It provides reliable transport service for applications, such as WWW browsing, remote login (Telnet) and file transfer (FTP) etc. But many of the basic technologies, which the protocol is based on, are unreliable from the present point of view. For example, all of the packet losses are regarded as the result of congestion. Generally speaking, TCP performance is guaranteed by the technical schemes: the congestion control and error recovery. The congestion control is based on the sliding window scheme, which has been improved repeatedly and is nearly perfect. The basic idea of error recovery is the feedback of acknowledgement, with the transfer of limited feedback information, i.e. the ACK (acknowledge) and NACK (non-acknowledge), to decide whether to retransmit the data packet. But it cannot differentiate the congestion loss and non-congestion loss by itself. This means in spite of loss is congestion or non-congestion, the TCP source inflates window size automatically when ACK received, and shrinks automatically when NACK received. In this way the window size is adjusted to the network volume (throughput) in order to decrease the possibility of congestion. In practice of transmission processes especially in the unreliable network such as wireless link, because the error rate is higher at the wireless environment and non-congestion loss is severe at bad channel, this is an incorrect trigger of congestion control. This incorrect control causes unnecessary adjustment of window size, it decreases availability of network resources. At the same time as the window is severely disturbance, TCP performance is worse. Therefore, TCP is facing many challenges in unreliable network such as wireless network. On the other hand, the TCP recovery ability of losing packet is limited. There are many improving proposals for increasing the packet retransmission rate and efficiency, such as TCP-New Reno(Reference [1] J. C. Hoe, Improving the Start-Up Behavior of a Congestion Control Scheme for TCP. In proceeding ACM SIGCOMM 96, August 1996) and TCP-SACK (Reference [2] Fall and S. Floyd, Simulation-based Comparisons of Tahoe, Reno and Sack TCP, Computer Communication Review, July 1996). All of these proposals do not solve the difficult problem that is to identify the reason of losses. If using the Explicit Loss Notification (ELN) bit to solve this problem (Reference [3] Harl, Balakrishnan, and Randy H. Katz, Explicit Loss Notification and Wireless Web Performance, Globecom 98, Sydney, Australia, November 1998), it needs to update the kernel protocol of Internet, so it is infeasible. In summary, a mixed network, especially with wireless networks, the urgent problem to be solved is to differentiate the congestion loss packet and non-congestion loss packet, and to solve the incorrect window size adjustment when non-congestion loss packet is detected. In order to solve these problems, some local solutions have been proposed, such as based on link-layer AIRMAIL (Reference [4] E. Ayanoglu, S. Paul, T. F. Laporta, K. K. Sabnaai and R. D. Gitlin, AIRMAIL: A Link-Layer protocol for Wireless Network. ACM ACM/Baltzer Wireless Networks Journal, 1: 47-60, February 1995) and other ARQ/FEC (Automatic retransmission request. Forward error correction). With retransmission of the lost packet, they improve TCP performance, but with these pure local solutions, a large amount of overhead is added and decreases the efficiency. Reference [5] (H. Balakrishnan, S. Seshan and R. H. Katz, Improving Reliable Transport and Handoff Performance in Cellular Wireless Networks, ACM Wireless Networks, December 1995) proposes the awareness concept to solve this problem. This concept applies TCP/ACK (Transmission Control Protocol/Acknowledgement) packet in link layer to provide the local retransmission. Because it still uses the timer for lost packet recovery, it is necessary to estimate the round-trip time accurately. Besides, with timer in base station, a lot of system resource is wasted. At TCP source side to prevent ACK duplication, unnecessary timeout cannot be avoided totally. Congestion or Retransmission causes the packets out-of-order. If an out-of-order packet is lost at wireless link, it is impossible to recover it with duplicated ACK or partial ACK. A current solution is the timeout retransmission, it is needed to estimate the round-trip time accurately in a wireless link, but it is difficult to do for an unreliable wireless network. Another solution is to use a pure link layer protocol, such as automatic retransmission request (ARQ). In this solution, the protocol can give every packet a sequence number to identify the arrival order and to use it for recovery of losses, but the overhead will cause lower efficiency. In "A Comparison of Mechanisms for Improving TCP Performance over Wireless Links" by Balakrishnan et al, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, IEEE Inc., New York, US, Vol. 5, no. 6, 1 December 1997, pages 756-769, XP000734405, there are compared several schemes designed to improve the TCP in networks where packet losses occur due to congestion and for other reasons. The article discloses a TCP local retransmission method for use in connection with data packets received from an Internet network by a mobile communications system, which mobile communications system serves to transmit the data packets to the mobile terminal in encapsulated form and to store the data packets as transmitted for subsequent retransmission if required. According to the present invention there is provided a TCP local retransmission method for use in connection with data packets received from an Internet network by a mobile communications system and to be transmitted to a mobile terminal by the mobile communications system, which mobile communications system serves to transmit the data packets to the mobile terminal in encapsulated form and to store the data packets as transmitted for subsequent retransmission if required, characterized by the steps of: (a) at the mobile communications system receiving a said data packet from the Internet network, giving the said data packet a time-stamp comprising a respective number of a first local sequence, forming the data packet including the time-stamp into a format for transmission to the mobile terminal, transmitting the formed data packet to the mobile terminal and storing a copy of the transmitted data packet including the time-stamp in a buffer; (b) at the mobile terminal, sending acknowledgement data from the mobile terminal to the mobile communications system when the mobile terminal successfully receives a said transmitted data packet, which acknowledgement data includes an acknowledgement number and a time-stamp comprising a respective number of a second local sequence which corresponds to the maximum number of the first local sequence received among all successfully received corresponding data packets; and (c) at the mobile communications system receiving the acknowledgement data sent from the mobile terminal and comparing the number of the second local sequence included therein with the numbers of the first local sequence stored in the buffer in order to detect a said data packet which has not been successfully received at the mobile terminal, and retransmitting the said detected data packet. This invention uses a technical scheme with cooperation of transport and link layer. That is TCP Aware Local Retransmission. It uses link layer transmission sequence together with TCP source delivery sequence to detect the lost data packet, then using Explicit Retransmission Notification (ERN) to avoid the false actions of TCP source. The invention is based on the TCP aware local retransmission. The invention is implemented as follows: a local retransmission mechanism of TCP used in unreliable network, is characterized in the following steps: A. When the access point of unreliable link receives a new TCP data packet from Internet TCP source, it inserts the packet a LAC-PDU head with time-stamp of first local sequence number. The packet is encapsulated to a LAC-PDU packet as "LAC-PDU head + IP head + TCP head + Data", then is delivered to the current terminal; B. When the current terminal successfully receives a TCP data packet, it produces an acknowledgement packet (ACK1) which includes an acknowledgement number (AN). It is also inserted a LAC-PDU head with time-stamp of second local sequence number, i.e. the acknowledgement packet is encapsulated to a LAC-PDU acknowledgement packet and is delivered back to the access point of unreliable link; C. At the access point of unreliable link, a detection of whether there is a data packet loss is made. This is according to the Acknowledgement Number (AN), the Time-stamp of second local sequence number, both received from the acknowledgement package, and the Time-stamp of first local sequence number, which is stored in the access point. If a lost data packet is detected, as step A procedure, updates its time-stamp of first local sequence number in LAC-PDU head, and retransmits. When congestion loss of the data packet is impossible, which corresponds to the acknowledgement number (AN) of acknowledgement packet, the acknowledgment packet (ACK1), with explicit retransmission feedback (ERN) field marked, is delivered to the TCP source. In step A mentioned above, when a LAC-PDU head with time-stamp of first local sequence number is inserted, a copy of the encapsulated LAC-PDU data packet is stored in a buffer at the same time. The time-stamp of first local sequence number, mentioned above, is a fix length bit field. Along with delivered data packet increases, starting from 0 with 1 as step length its value increases sequentially. During the whole delivery process from access point to terminal, the real delivery sequence is uniquely determined by the time-stamp value of first local sequence number in TCP data packet. The time-stamp of second local sequence number, mentioned above, is also a fix length bit field. It records the maximum value of time-stamp of first local sequence number among all the successfully received TCP data packets in current terminal. As mention above at access point of unreliable link, a lost data packet is detected according to the acknowledgement number (AN), the time-stamp of second local sequence number, both comes from received acknowledgement packet, and the time-stamp of first local sequence number, which is stored at the access point. Further more, detection is made for whether the data packet is still in the access point of unreliable link,, which corresponds to the acknowledgement number (AN) of acknowledgement packet, if it is, a comparison between two time-stamps is made. The comparison is between the time-stamp of first local sequence number in the data packet and the time-stamp of second local sequence number in the acknowledgement packet. If the time-stamp of first local sequence number is less than the time-stamp of second local sequence number, the lost data packet is detected; then the time-stamp of first local sequence number at the LAC-PDU head is updated and the data packet is retransmitted. In addition, in the access point of unreliable link, the data packets, which time-stamp of first local sequence number is less than the acknowledgement number (AN), are all deleted. The update of the time-stamp of first local sequence number at the LAC-PDU head of the data packet, mentioned above, substitutes the time-stamp of first local sequence number with the current delivery sequence, then retransmits. As mentioned above, in the access point of unreliable link, the data packets, which TCP sequence number is less than the acknowledgement number, are all deleted at the following situations. They are: a data packet, which corresponds to acknowledgement number (AN) of acknowledgement packet, is not in the access point of unreliable link,; the time-stamp of first local sequence number is equal or greater than time-stamp of second local sequence number; after data packet is lost, updated and retransmitted. The explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback, mentioned above, is an one bit field. When the data packet, corresponding to the acknowledgement number (AN), is in the access point of unreliable link, the explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback bit of acknowledgement packet (ACK1), which is to be sent to TCP source, is set. When TCP source receives an acknowledgement packet (ACK1) with explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback bit set, at the same time fast retransmission or timeout retransmission of the TCP data packet happen, which corresponds to the acknowledgement packet (ACK1), only the data packet is retransmitted without any shrink operation of the sending window. The mentioned above time-stamp length, for first local sequence number or second local sequence number, is the maximum packet number can be buffered at the access point of unreliable link. The mentioned above time-stamp length, for first local sequence or second local sequence number, is an eight bits field, including one carry bit for overflow. In mentioned step A, in LAC-PDU data packet the time-stamp of first local sequence number may be substituted by lower layer transfer sequence number, and a corresponding relationship between sequence number of TCP data packet and its lower layer transfer sequence number is created. With this substitution, in mentioned step B, the time-stamp of second local sequence number is the successfully received maximum transfer sequence number of lower layer in the terminal. The invention points to user terminal environment, such as mobile terminal. With unreliable link, such as wireless link, it is connected to data network, such as Internet, and an one direction TCP connection from remote server to wireless access point then to mobile terminal is established. The invention solves non-congestion loss problem of the out-of-order TCP data packet in the unreliable link with the following ideas. The time-stamp of first local sequence number is used to identify the real transmitting sequence of TCP data packets in the unreliable link segment. Then with the acknowledgement number (AN) of TCP acknowledgement packet and the corresponding first and second local sequence number, the lost data packet, which corresponds to the acknowledgement number (AN), is detected. If it is lost, the data packet is retransmitted locally. At the same time, with explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback, false window action is prevented. Therefore, the invention is one kind of cooperation, between time-stamp of local sequence number and acknowledgement number (AN), to detect the lost data packet, and it is also an explicit retransmission feedback method. The advantages of this invention are as following. Because the lost data packet is detected by the cooperation of TCP acknowledgement packet (ACK1) and local sequence number time-stamp, and it is retransmitted locally, so without the lower layer extra overhead for control, the non-congestion loss of data packet is recovery by retransmission in time. It has characteristics of fast recovery and high efficiency. It recovers out-of-order TCP lost data packet effectively. With the appended figures, the invention is further explained in the following. Figure 1 is the structure diagram of one direction TCP connection in a mixed network with wireless access. Figure 2 is the structure diagram of data packet transmission from wireless access point to mobile terminal. Figure 3 is the corresponding relationship diagram between TCP sequence number and time-stamp of first local sequence number. Figure 4 is the flowchart diagram using acknowledgement packet (ACK1) to detect data packet loss. Reference to figure 1, a mixed network with wireless access,for example mobile communication system based on IMT2000, is shown. 10 is the international interconnection network (Internet Network), 20 is a remote server, i.e. TCP source, of Internet, 30 is a wireless (unreliable link) access point server, 40 is a mobile terminal (also a mobile computer, user terminal or user computer).The wireless access server is in a mobile communication system which comprises a Mobile Exchanger , Radio Network Controller and base station. The wireless access server can be set up in the Mobile Exchanger , Radio Network Controller or base station. Further, function of wireless access server can be installed to the Mobile Exchanger , Radio Network Controller or base station without setting up the wireless access server. The operation of wireless access point server 30 is as following. When it receives a new TCP data packet which comes from TCP source 20 in Internet 10, it encapsulates the data packet in a Link Access Control-Protocol Data Units (LAC-PDU). There is a fix length bit field in the LAC-PDU head for each LAC-PDU data packet. This field is used to record the real transmission sequence number, i.e. delivery sequence, and is referred to as time-stamp of first local sequence number. The structure of the LAC-PDU data packet is shown in figure 2. It is "LAC-PDU head (with time-stamp of first local sequence number) + IP head + TCP head + DATA". When the time-stamp of first local sequence number is filled in, the LAC-PDU data packet is also copied to the buffer at the same time. As data packets increase, the time-stamp value of first local sequence number is increased with the step of 1, starting from 0. Therefore each TCP data packet moves from wireless access point server (base station) 30 to mobile terminal 40, its real transmitting sequence is uniquely defined by the time-stamp of first local sequence number in LAC-PDU data packet. As shown in figure 3, #1, #2, #4, #3 ... represent TCP data packet sequence number, 0, 1, 2, 3 ... represent time-stamp value of first local sequence number corresponding to LAC-PDU data packet #1, #2, #4, #3 ... respectively. They are delivered along the time axis t sequentially. In the international interconnection(i.e. Internet)or large scale local area network(i.e.WAN: wide area network), there are many paths to connect between a data source and end user for realize a reliable network. This means that if the first established path has a network congestion, the system may choose another path to deliver data. However, each path has a different delivery time. Thus, during a data transfer, a path change caused out-of-order data delivery. As a result,there is a case that the wireless access server receives TCP packet data by above order of #1, #2, #4, #3 .... Mobile terminal 40 produces an acknowledgement packet (ACK1) for each successfully received TCP data packet. As the TCP data packet, the acknowledgement packet is also encapsulated in a LAC-PDU. At the head of this LAC-PDU packet, there is a field for time-stamp of second local sequence number. This field records the maximum time-stamp value of first local sequence number for all successfully received TCP data packet. The current mobile terminal sends back to wireless access point server (base station) 30 acknowledgement packet (ACK1), with the time-stamp of second local sequence number and acknowledgement number. It is used to detect TCP data packet loss at wireless link. The detection method is further described by reference to figure 4. Said Acknowledgment number means a number that indicates the next sequence number expected. In a backhanded manner, this also shows the TCP sequence number of the continuously received last TCP data packet; it shows TCP sequence number of the continuously received last TCP packet data plus 1. Step 401 detects whether there is a TCP data packet, which sequence number corresponds to the acknowledgement number (AN) of acknowledgement packet (ACK1), in the buffer of wireless access point server 30 (base station). If it is then executes step 402, otherwise step 406. Step 402 gets the time-stamp of first local sequence number in the TCP data packet, said ts. Step 403 compares ts with the time-stamp of second local sequence number, said tS max , carried by the acknowledgement packet, to detect whether there is ts < tS max . If it is ts < tS max , then executes step 404, 405 and 406, otherwise step 406. When ts < tS max , step 404 and 405 are executed. It means the TCP data packet, corresponding to acknowledged data packet sequence number (AN), is lost. Then substituting the time-stamp of first local sequence number, the TCP data packet is retransmitted. This means a new time-stamp, which represents current transmitting sequence number, substitutes the time-stamp of first local sequence number of the LAC-PDU data packet, which corresponds to the acknowledgement number (AN), then the updated LAC-PDU data packet is retransmitted. Step 406 deletes all the TCP data packet, which sequence number is less than AN, in the wireless access point server (base station) 30, under the following situations. They are: there isn't a TCP data packet, corresponding to acknowledged data packet sequence number (AN) in acknowledgement packet (ACK1), in the buffer of wireless access point server (base station) 30; there isn't ts < tS max and after step 404 and 405 are executed. In the invention, an explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback (or explicit retransmission notification) bit is defined in the unused bits (as 6 bits) of acknowledgement packet (ACK1) head. When there is a TCP data packet, corresponding to the acknowledged data packet sequence number in the acknowledgement packet, in the buffer of wireless access point server (base station) 30, the explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback bit in this acknowledgement packet is set. The acknowledgement packet (ACK1), which includes the explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback and the acknowledged data packet sequence number AN, is sent to TCP source 20. When TCP source 20 receives an acknowledgement packet with explicit retransmission (ERN) feedback bit set, and the TCP data packet, corresponding to the acknowledgement packet (ACK1), is in the fast retransmission or timeout retransmission, there are no any operation to shrink the window size, only the TCP data packet is retransmitted. The time-stamp value of first or second local sequence number is fix. Its length is the possible maximum buffered data packets for a TCP connection in the wireless access point (base station). If a TCP data packet length is 576 bytes, time-stamp of local sequence number takes value 0 - 127 (in general, it is enough for a TCP connection), i.e. time-stamp length of sequence number is 7 bits. As transmitted data packet number increases, when the time-stamp value of local sequence number exceeds its possible represented maximum value, an overflow happens and it is counted starting from 0 again. In this case, the time-stamp of local sequence number cannot represent the real data packet sequence number, so there is a carry bit in this invention. When overflow happens, the carry bit is complemented. In this way at step 403, a correct checking for greater and less relation of two time-stamps of local sequence number can be made, so an 8 bits length of time-stamp for local sequence number is suggested. In the invention, a time-stamp of local sequence number is used to identify real sequence number of TCP data packet transmitted on an unreliable link, so any other equivalent manners can be employed, if it implements the function. The implementation of this invention encapsulates TCP data packet and time-stamp of local sequence number together in LAC-PDU, then transmits. In many mobile communication system, they provide transfer function of transmitting sequence number in lower layer (data link layer). In this case the detection of data packet loss can be performed under the following conditions. They are: corresponding relationship between sequence number of TCP data packet and transmitting sequence number of its lower layer is established; the mobile terminal sends back to base station the lower layer maximum transmitting sequence number it receives. In practice, the lower layer transmitting sequence number acts the function of time-stamp of local sequence number. The invention can be widely used in many reliable data communication which access data network - Internet with unreliable link. The key idea of this technical scheme is combining the advantages of TCP and Data Link layer, in order to decrease the data link layer overhead and provide effective reliable transmission for out-of-order packet. In our scheme, the time-stamp, which can be seen as sequence number of data link layer for the TCP section, represents the TCP section transmitting sequence in the unreliable link access point. With simulation, our conclusion is as follows. The technical scheme of this invention definitely and greatly improves TCP performance of unreliable network, such as wireless network.

Claims: A TCP local retransmission method for use in connection with data packets received from an Internet network (10,20) by a mobile communications system (30) and to be transmitted to a mobile terminal (40) by the mobile communications system (30), which mobile communications system serves to transmit the data packets to the mobile terminal in encapsulated form and to store the data packets as transmitted for subsequent retransmission if required, characterized by the steps of: a) at the mobile communications system (30) receiving a said data packet from the Internet network (10,20), giving the said data packet a time-stamp comprising a respective number of a first local sequence, forming the data packet including the time-stamp into a format for transmission to the mobile terminal (40), transmitting the formed data packet to the mobile terminal and storing a copy of the transmitted data packet including the time-stamp in a buffer; b) at the mobile terminal (40), sending acknowledgement data from the mobile terminal to the mobile communications system when the mobile terminal successfully receives a said transmitted data packet, which acknowledgement data includes a TCP acknowledgement number and a time-stamp comprising a respective number of a second local sequence which corresponds to the maximum number of the first local sequence received among all successfully received corresponding data packets; and c) at the mobile communications system (30) receiving the acknowledgement data sent from the mobile terminal and comparing the number of the second local sequence included therein with the numbers of the first local sequence stored in the buffer in order to detect a said data packet which has not been successfully received at the mobile terminal, and retransmitting the said detected data packet. The method of claim 1, wherein said mobile communication system (30) includes a server and employing the server to perform the steps of giving the time-stamp comprising the respective number of the first local sequence to received data packets, forming the data packets into the transmission format and storing the copies of the transmitted data packets. The method of claim 1 and including the step of receiving the data packets from the Internet network at an access point of the mobile communication system, wherein in the step a): the step of giving the data packet the time stamp is carried out by the access point by inserting into a LAC-PDU-Link Access Control Protocol Data Unit-head the time-stamp comprising the respective number of the first local sequence, and the step of forming the data packet comprises encapsulatihg the resultant packet to a LAC-PDU packet comprising the LAC-PDU head, an IP head, a TCP head and data. The step b) is comprised by, at the mobile terminal, producing an acknowledgement packet including the TCP acknowledgement number, inserting the acknowledgement number in a respective LAC-PDU head with the time-stamp of the respective number of the second local sequence number. The retransmitting of step c) includes at the access point updating the time-stamp of the first local sequence number in LAC-PDU head prior to retransmission. The method of claim 3 wherein, when due to congestion loss local retransmission of the detected data packet corresponding to the acknowledgement number of the acknowledgement packet is not possible, delivering the acknowledgement packet, with an explicit retransmission feedback field marked, to a TCP source of the Internet network. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the time-stamp of the first local sequence number is a fixed length bit field which increases in value sequentially with delivered data packet increases, starting from 0 with 1 as step length. The method of claim 3, characterized in that during the whole delivery process from the access point to the mobile terminal, the real delivery sequence is uniquely determined by the time-stamp value of the first local sequence number in TCP data packet. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the time-stamp of the second local sequence number is a fixed length bit field which records the maximum value of time-stamp of the first local sequence number among all the successfully received TCP data packets in the mobile terminal. The method of claim 3 or 4, characterized in that , at the access point, a lost data packet is detected according to the TCP acknowledgement number, the time-stamp of the second local sequence number, which both come from received acknowledgement packet, and the time-stamp of the first local sequence number, which is stored at the access point, wherein detection is carried out for whether the data packet, which corresponds to the acknowledgement number of acknowledgement packet, is still in the access point, if it is, a comparison between the two time-stamps is made, the comparison being between the time-stamp of the first local sequence number in the data packet and the time-stamp of the second local sequence number in the acknowledgement packet, wherein if the time-stamp of the first local sequence number is less than the time-stamp of the second local sequence number, a lost data packet is detected; and wherein the time-stamp of first local sequence number at the LAC-PDU head is then updated and the data packet is retransmitted, and wherein, in the access point, the data packets, whose time-stamps of the first local sequence number are less than the acknowledgement number are all deleted. The method of claim 8, characterized in that the update of the time-stamp of the first local sequence number of the LAC-PDU head of the data packet substites the time-stamp of the first local sequence number with the current delivery sequence, and then retransmits. The method of claim 8, characterized in that , at the access point, the data packets, whose TCP sequence number is less than the acknowledgement number, are all deleted in the following situations, namely: when a data packet, which corresponds to acknowledgement number of acknowledgement packet, is not in the access point; when the time-stamp of the first local sequence number is equal or greater than the time-stamp of the second local sequence number; or after a lost data packet is detected, updated and retransmitted. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the explicit retransmission feedback is a one bit field, wherein when the TCP source receives an acknowledgement packet with an explicit retransmission feedback bit set, at the time when fast retransmission or timeout retransmission of the TCP data packet corresponding to the acknowledgement number happens, only the data packet is retransmitted without any shrink operations of a sending window. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the time-stamp length, for the first local sequence number or the second local sequence number, is the maximum packet number can be stored at the access point. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the time-stamp length, for the first local sequence or the second local sequence number, is an eight bits field, including one carry bit for overflow. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that in the LAC-PDU data packet the time-stamp of the first local sequence number is substituted by a lower layer transfer sequence number, and a corresponding relationship between a sequence number of a said TCP data packet and its lower layer transfer sequence number is created, and the time-stamp of the second local sequence number is the successfully received maximum transfer sequence number of lower layer in the mobile terminal.

Inventors: NIU ZHISHENG, NIU, ZHISHENG
Applicants: FUJITSU LTD, UNIV TSINGHUA, FUJITSU LIMITED, TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY
Application year: 2001
Main classification: H04L1
IPC codes: G06F15, H04L12, H04L1, H04L29, H04W80, H04W28