MULTI-HOLE NOZZLE

Abstract: The object of the invention is a multi-hole nozzle used as the ending of fuel injectors supplying combustion engines. In the multi-hole according to the invention the inlet holes of the tip (4) have rounded edges and the tip is provided with at least two holes (5) in the form of thin passages (5), while the symmetry axes of the holes (5) intersect. The holes (5) are situated on at least one side of the tip (4) and they preferably are in the shape of an arc section (6).

Description: MULTI-HOLE NOZZLE The object of the invention is a multi-hole nozzle used as a tip of fuel injectors supplying combustion engines. There are two known kinds of hole-type nozzles of injectors, some of them are provided with a well and the others have a seat. Nevertheless, regardless of their structure, their purpose is to deliver a fuel stream to a combustion chamber of an engine through its injection at high-pressure, which in order to ensure good fuel atomisation and mixing with air can reach even 205 MPa. The holes of injectors are in the form of passages, which are usually drilled using electro-erosion methods and situated in the nozzle body inside the stream cone. The number and diameter of holes depends on the injection dosage, the shape of the combustion chamber and the intensity of the air whirl in the combustion chamber. Nozzles have to be carefully selected based on the engine type used. In order to ensure appropriate injection dosages nozzles must be selected correctly - depending on the injection duration and dosage per degree of crankshaft rotation, fuel atomisation - depending on the number, shape and atomisation of fuel streams, fuel distribution in the combustion chamber and its leakproofness. In injection units and Common Rail systems the nozzles are mounted directly in the injectors and the inlet edges of the injection passages are rounded in order to prevent wearing of the edges caused by abrasive particles contained in the fuel and also in order to reduce the fuel flow rate tolerance. The purpose of the invention is to develop a nozzle that would ensure more effective fuel atomisation when fuel is injected into the engine combustion chamber by obtaining smaller diameters of fuel drops and appropriate solid angle of atomisation, which would enable a considerable increase in engine efficiency and exhaust gas purity. In the multi-hole nozzle according to the invention the inlet holes have rounded edges and the invention is characterised by the fact that its tip is provided with at least two holes ending in thin passages with intersecting symmetry axes. Holes in the form of thin passages are situated on at least one side of the tip and they are preferably in the shape of an arc section and the holes are preferably situated in the direct neighbourhood of an appropriately shaped mechanical obstacle. It is an advantage of the nozzle constructed according to the invention that it can be used in all known types of injectors, especially in injectors with a well and those with a seat while such a nozzle tip ensures a considerable increase in fuel atomisation using the energy of the fuel stream while interacting streams in the antiphase increase energy used simultaneously for better fuel atomisation. The use of the solution according to the invention makes it possible to have the engine supplied directly with organic fuels, especially with organic oils and alcohols. The object of the invention has been described in the example products presented in the drawings, where fig. 1 - shows the location of the nozzle in the chamber of a combustion engine; fig. 2 - shows a nozzle tip with broken holes in the form of thin passages; fig. 3 - presents a nozzle tip with a seat with holes in the form of an arc; fig. 4 - presents a nozzle tip with a seat with angularly situated holes; fig. 5 - shows a nozzle tip with a seat having a hole situated in the direct neighbourhood of an appropriately shaped mechanical obstacle situated at the front of the nozzle; and fig. 6 - shows a nozzle tip with a seat situated in the neighbourhood of a lateral mechanical obstacle. As shown in the drawing, an injector 1 is located in a combustion chamber 2 and it is ended with a nozzle 3 whose tip 4 is provided with at least two holes 5 in the form of thin passages having rounded edges at their inlet while the symmetry axes of the holes 5 intersect. It is also preferable to have the holes 5 situated on at least one side of the tip 4 and to have them formed into the shape of an arc section 6 and have them located in the direct neighbourhood of an appropriately shaped mechanical obstacle 7.

Claims: Patent claims 1. A multi-hole nozzle with the inlet holes having rounded edges characterised by the fact that it has a tip (4) provided with at least two holes (5) in the form of thin passages, whose symmetry axes intersect. 2. The nozzle according to claim 1 characterised by the fact that the holes (5) are situated on at least one side of the tip (4). 3. The nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 characterised by the fact that the holes (5) are preferably in the form of an arc section (6). 4. The nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 characterised by the fact that the holes (5) are situated in the direct neighbourhood of an appropriately shaped mechanical obstacle (7).

Inventors: JAKUBOWSKI EDWARD, SOCHA ADAM, JAKUBOWSKI, EDWARD, SOCHA, ADAM
Applicants: JAKUBOWSKI EDWARD, SOCHA ADAM, JAKUBOWSKI, EDWARD, SOCHA, ADAM
Application year: 2001
Main classification: F02M61
IPC codes: F02B23, F02M61