Packaging provided with means to check integrity thereof

Abstract: A construction of packaging such as an envelope is disclosed that comprises a wall (11, 16, 17, 18, 19) surrounding contents of the packaging and electrically conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) extending over the wall. An electronic control device (20) is mounted to the wall and includes a plurality of output ports (42) to which one end of each conductive track is connected and an input port (41) to which an opposite end of the conductive tracks are connected. The control device outputs from the output ports pulses which are distinguished from one another and monitors the input port for receipt of these pulses to provide an indication of integrity of the wall of the package.

Description: This invention relates to packaging for articles in which the packaging is provided with means to check the integrity thereof and in particular relates to mailing envelopes provided with electronic means for monitoring and checking the integrity of the envelope. In the course of handling articles contained in packaging, the packaging may be subject to damage, either accidental or deliberate. In the event of accidental damage to the packaging the article contained therein may itself become exposed to potential damage. Deliberate damage to packaging may be due to an illegal intent to remove the article from the packaging. An example of an article contained in packaging is a mail piece comprising a mail insert contained in a mailing envelope. It is desirable to be able to monitor the integrity of the packaging of a package during handling thereof to enable detection of the occurrence of damage. Generally, damage is only detected by manual inspection of packages as they pass through a handling system. Damage may not be detected when it occurs and may not be detected until some considerable time after occurrence thereof. As a result it may be difficult to determine where and when the damage to a package occurred during the passage of the package through the handling system and to ascertain the cause of the damage. Detection of occurrence of damage would enable removal of a damaged package from a stream of packages very soon after occurrence of the damage so that the possibility of further damage or of loss of and damage to contents of the package would be reduced. US-A-5506566 discloses a security package which includes a detection circuit for detecting an attempt to break into the security package. In one aspect the present invention provides packaging, including: a wall to extend around and enclose contents to be contained in the packaging; a group of electrically-conductive tracks extending over the wall, each including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end; and an electronic control circuit secured to the wall and including a group of first, output ports and a second, input port, the output ports being connected to respective ones of the first ends of the electrically-conductive tracks and the input port being connected to the second ends of the electrically-conductive tracks; wherein the electronic control circuit is operative to output electrical pulses from each of the output ports, with the pulses output from each of the output ports being distinguished from one another, and, responsive to absence of receipt of pulses from any of the output ports via the electrically-conductive tracks, to provide an indication of occurrence of damage to the wall. The present invention also provides a mailing envelope which comprises the above-described packaging. In another aspect the present invention provides a blank, comprising: a sheet of paper or cardboard bearing a group of electrically-conductive tracks extending over the sheet, each including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end; and an electronic control circuit secured to the sheet and including a group of first, output ports and a second, input port, the output ports being connected to respective ones of the first ends of the electrically-conductive tracks and the input port being connected to the second ends of the electrically-conductive tracks; wherein the electronic control circuit is operative to output electrical pulses from each of the output ports, with the pulses output from each of the output ports being distinguished from one another, and, responsive to absence of receipt of pulses from any of the output ports via the electrically-conductive tracks, to provide an indication of occurrence of damage to the sheet. In a further aspect the present invention provides a package handling system for handling packages including the above-described packaging, including a communications unit operative to communicate with the electronic control circuits of the packages via the respective interfaces during passage of the packages through the package handling system. An embodiment of the invention will be described hereinafter by way of example with reference to the drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates a blank for a mailing envelope prior to folding and gluing to form an envelope, Figure 2 is a block diagram of an electronic digital device for monitoring integrity of the envelope, and Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a system for handling mail pieces or other packages and for monitoring integrity of the mail pieces or other packages during handling thereof. Referring first to Figure 1, a blank 1 of paper to be folded and glued to form a mailing envelope includes a front section 10 bounded by a lower fold line 11, a first side fold line 12, a second side fold line 13 and an upper fold line 14. A rear section 15 extends from the lower fold line 11, a first side section 16 extends from the first side fold line 12, a second side section 17 extends from the second side fold line 13 and a flap 18 extends from the upper fold line 14. As is well known in the construction of mailing envelopes, the blank is folded on the fold lines 12, 13 so that the first and second side sections 16, 17 overlie the front section 10 and then the blank is folded on fold line 11 so that the rear section 15 overlies the front section 10 and the first and second side sections 16, 17. Prior to folding of the blank, adhesive is applied to the side sections or to the rear section in such manner that, after folding, the rear section adheres to the side sections. The flap is provided with a coating of adhesive so that a user of the envelope, after folding the flap about the fold line 14 to bring the flap adjacent the rear section, may seal the flap 18 to the rear section 15. To enable the integrity of the envelope of a mail piece to be monitored during handling of the mail piece so that occurrence of damage to the mail piece is detected, the envelope is provided with an integrity circuit. The integrity circuit comprises an electronic control device 19 connected via conductive tracks to conductive strips 20, 21, 22, 23. Reference is now made also to Figure 2 which illustrates the control device. The conductive strips 20, 21, 22, 23 extend respectively adjacent edges of the rear section 15, the first and second side sections 16, 17, and the flap 18. The conductive strips 20, 21, 22, 23 are connected respectively by conductive tracks 24, 25, 26, 27 to different ones of a plurality of input terminals 28. The conductive strip 20 is connected to respective ones of a group of output terminals 29 by conductive tracks 30 1 - 30 n . Similarly the conductive strip 21 is connected to output terminals 31 by conductive tracks 32 1 - 32 n , the conductive strip 22 is connected to output terminals 33 by conductive tracks 34 1 - 34 n and the conductive strip 23 is connected to output terminals 35 by conductive tracks 36 1 - 36 n . Thus each output terminal of a group is connected by separate conductive tracks to one of the conductive strips and the conductive strip is connected to one input terminal. For clarity in the drawings, only a number of the conductive tracks and of the output terminals are shown but it is to be understood that this is for purposes of illustration only and that a greater or lesser number of conductive tracks and corresponding terminals may be provided. As illustrated in the block diagram of Figure 2, the control device 19 includes a controller 40 having a plurality of groups of output ports and a plurality of input ports. The output ports are connected to respective ones of the output terminals and the input ports are connected to respective ones of the input terminals. For clarity in Figure 2 connections are shown only in respect of a connection between terminal 28 and one input port 41 and between the terminals 35 of one group of terminals and one group of the output ports 42 of the controller 40. However it is to be understood that the other terminals 28 are connected to different input ports and the terminals 29, 31 and 33 also are connected respectively to output ports of three groups of output ports of the controller. In operation the controller 40 generates pulses which are output from the output ports and are transmitted via the conductive tracks to the conductive strips and then are returned via conductive tracks connected to the input ports. For example the controller device generates pulses which are output from a group of output ports and transmitted respectively via the conductive tracks 36 1 - 36 n to the conductive strip 23 and these pulses are returned via the conductive track 27 to one of the input ports of the controller. The pulses output from the output ports of a group are distinguished from one another. For example the timing of output of the pulses may be different for each output port or pulse code modulation may be utilised to distinguish the outputs from each output port of a group. When a pulse is output from an output port the controller expects to receive back the same pulse after transmission along a conductive a track, a conductive strip and a further conductive track at one of the input ports corresponding to group of output ports from which the pulse was transmitted. Thus if a pulse is output from an output port onto conductive track 36 1 it will be expected that the pulse will be received back from conductive track 23 via the conductive track 27 and the terminal 28 by the input port connected to the terminal 28. A pulse is received as an input in response to each output pulse only if the conductive tracks and conductive strips connected to a group of output ports and to a corresponding input port are entire and are not fractured. However if damage has occurred to the envelope such as to fracture any part of the conductive tracks or conductive strips, at least one of the pulses output by the controller will not be received back at the corresponding input port thereby providing an indication that damage has occurred. As described hereinbefore the pulses output from any one group of output ports to a corresponding one of the conductive strips via a group of conductive tracks are distinguished from one another. If desired the pulses output from different groups of output ports may be distinguished from one another or the pulses output from different groups of output ports may be the same. The conductive tracks are distributed over the area of the envelope blank 1 in such a manner that significant damage to any part of the envelope will result in fracture of at least one of the conductive tracks or conductive strips. The adhesive used to adhere the rear section to the side sections and the flap to the rear section is chosen such that the adherence is of sufficient strength that, if an attempt is made to open the envelope at any of the adhesive joints between sections of the envelope, the conductive tracks or conductive strips will be fractured. Accordingly if there is damage to the paper blank from which the envelope is formed or if there is breakage of an adhesive bond between sections of the envelope, at least one of the conductive tracks or conductive strips will be fractured so that at least one of the pulses output by the controller will not be received back by the controller. The lack of reception of a pulse indicates occurrence of damage to the envelope and recognition of which pulse has not been received back provides an indication of the location on the envelope of the damage that has occurred. The integrity device may include a memory 43 connected to the controller 40. In response to absence of a received pulse, the controller may be arranged to write information to the memory representing the occurrence of the damage and which of the pulses has not been received by the controller thereby providing an indication of the location on the envelope of the damage. If the controller is responsive to real time signals, the controller may write date and time information to the memory to enable the approximate time of detection of damage to be determined. Alternatively or in addition, if the controller is responsive to a current location of the envelope in a mail handling system, the controller may write location information to the memory to enable the location at which the damage was detected to be determined. The integrity device is provided with an interface 44 to enable communication between the controller of the integrity device and external systems. A postal mail handling system as shown in Figure 3 may be provided with communication devices 50, 51, 52 at a number of locations in the system whereby the communication devices communicate via the interface with the controller 40 of the integrity device of a mail piece 53 to read information from the memory 43 as the mail piece passes through the system. Also the communication devices may transmit data to the integrity device of a mail piece 53 as the mail piece passes through the system and for example may transmit date, time and location of the mail piece in the handling system. The communication devices may be connected to a control computer 54 that controls the mail handling system, tracks the mail pieces and monitors the mail pieces for occurrences of damage thereto. It will be appreciated that the communication devices may be static and located relative to a mail handling system located at a single mail handling depot or located relative to a mail handling system located at more than one depot. Furthermore a mobile communication device, for example device 52, may be provided having a communication link 55 to the control computer and which is operated by postal delivery or collection personnel. Upon detection of damage to the packaging of a package, the integrity circuit operates to store an indication of the occurrence of damage in the memory and this indication is read from the memory when the controller is in communication with a communication device of the system. In response to the control computer 54 receiving information that damage has occurred to a package in the handling system, means may be operated by the control computer to segregate or to enable segregation of the damaged package from the stream of packages in the system. The paper of which the envelope blank 1 is formed is electrically non-conductive and hence conductive tracks and conductive strips may be formed by deposition of electrically conductive material on a surface of the paper of which the envelope blank 1 is formed. Similarly the control device 19 and semiconductor components thereof may be produced on the surface of the paper blank. It is preferred that the semi-conductors are polymer semi-conductors because such semi-conductors are readily formed by deposition and are able to flex with flexing of the paper forming the envelope. The tracks, the strips and the semiconductor components may be produced by screen printing or other deposition processes. To prevent accidental damage to the integrity circuit itself, it is preferred that the conductive strips, the conductive tracks and the control device be formed on a surface of the paper blank that is to be interior in the finished envelope. If desired to prevent accidental damage to the integrity circuit during insertion of inserts into the envelope, the components of the integrity circuit may be protected by a layer of paper or other insulating material extending over the components. The layer of paper may be of sufficient extent to cover the conductive tracks, conductive strips and the components of the control device or may be co-extensive with the paper blank 1 so that the envelope is formed of a composite comprising two paper layers bonded together with the integrity circuit extending on a surface of one of the layers that, in the envelope blank extends internally of the composite. While hereinbefore the invention has been described as applied to packaging in the form of a mailing envelope and to the detection of the occurrence of damage to mail pieces, it is to be understood that the invention may be applied to other forms of packaging including containers, for example cardboard boxes for parcels, formed from cardboard or like material.

Claims: Packaging, including: a wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18) to extend around and enclose contents to be contained in the packaging; a group of electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) extending over the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18), each including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end; and an electronic control circuit (19) secured to the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18) and including a group of first, output ports (42) and a second, input port (41), the output ports (42) being connected to respective ones of the first ends of the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) and the input port (41) being connected to the second ends of the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ); wherein the electronic control circuit (19) is operative to output electrical pulses from each of the output ports (42), with the pulses output from each of the output ports (42) being distinguished from one another, and, responsive to absence of receipt of pulses from any of the output ports (42) via the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ), to provide an indication of occurrence of damage to the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18). Packaging as claimed in claim 1 wherein electrical pulses output from different ones of the output ports (42) are distinguished by an output timing of the pulses, and the electronic control circuit (19) is responsive to the output timing of the pulses to determine the respective ones of the output ports (42) from which received pulses are output. Packaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein electrical pulses output from different ones of the output ports (42) are distinguished by coding of the pulses, and the electronic control circuit (19) is responsive to the coding of the pulses to determine the respective ones of the output ports (42) from which received coded pulses are output. Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second ends of the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) are connected to a conductive strip (20, 21, 22, 23) at locations spaced along the length of the conductive strip (20, 21, 22, 23) and a further electrically-conductive track (24, 25, 26, 27) connects the conductive strip (20, 21, 22, 23) to the input port (41). Packaging as claimed in claim 4, wherein the conductive strip (20, 21, 22, 23) extends adjacent an edge of the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18). Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, including a plurality of groups of electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ), and wherein the electronic control circuit (19) includes a corresponding plurality of groups of output ports (42) and a corresponding plurality of input ports (41). Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electronic control circuit (19) includes a memory unit (43) and is operative, in response to absence of receipt of a pulse, to write data into the memory unit (43) indicative of absence of receipt of the pulse. Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electronic control circuit (19) includes an interface (44) for communication with an external device (50, 51, 52). Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18) is formed of an electrically-insulating material and the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) are disposed on a surface of the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18). Packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electronic control circuit (19) is formed by deposition on the surface of the wall (10, 15, 16, 17, 18). A mailing envelope comprising packaging as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10. A blank, comprising: a sheet of paper or cardboard bearing a group of electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) extending over the sheet, each including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end; and an electronic control circuit (19) secured to the sheet and including a group of first, output ports (42) and a second, input port (41), the output ports (42) being connected to respective ones of the first ends of the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ) and the input port (41) being connected to the second ends of the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ); wherein the electronic control circuit (19) is operative to output electrical pulses from each of the output ports (42), with the pulses output from each of the output ports (42) being distinguished from one another, and, responsive to absence of receipt of pulses from any of the output ports (42) via the electrically-conductive tracks (30 1 -30 n , 32 1 -32 n , 34 1 -34 n , 36 1 -36 n ), to provide an indication of occurrence of damage to the sheet. A package handling system for handling packages (53) including packaging as claimed in claim 8, including a communications unit (50, 51, 52) operative to communicate with the electronic control circuits (19) of the packages (53) via the respective interfaces (44) during passage of the packages (53) through the package handling system.

Inventors: HERBERT RAYMOND JOHN, HERBERT, RAYMOND JOHN
Applicants: NEOPOST LTD, NEOPOST LIMITED
Application year: 2001
Main classification: G08B13
IPC codes: G08B13