Sheet media system having radio-frequency identification transponder

Abstract: A sheet media system comprising an apparatus for utilizing sheet media; and a radio-frequency identification transceiver associated with said apparatus for communicating with a transponder associated with sheet media utilized by said apparatus.

Description: This invention relates in general to sheet media systems and more particularly to a cartridge or other packaging containing sheet media for use in such sheet media imaging systems, the cartridge or other packaging having a radio-frequency identification transponder associated with it. Sheet media imaging systems include laser imaging systems which produce medical images on photosensitive sheet film from digital medical images generated by diagnostic imaging systems (MRI, CT, US, PET), computed radiography systems, medical image digitizers, digital or analog medical image archives, direct digital radiography or the like. The sheet film can be packaged in optically opaque packaging which is removed under dark room conditions and loaded into a film supply of a laser imager. Dark room film loading is eliminated by the resealable film cartridge disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,473,400, issued December 5, 1995, inventors Lemberger et al. The disclosed cartridge allows for daylight loading and can be reused and removed from the laser imager. U.S. Patent 5,229,585, issued July 20, 1993, inventors Lemberger et al., discloses a bar code system which uses this resealable cartridge to control a laser imaging system. The cartridge has attached to it an optical bar code with a unique cartridge ID, film size, film type information and film sensitometric information. The laser imager has a bar code scanner which reads information from the bar code as the cartridge is opened. An imager management system controls the laser imager as a function of the input data and the information read from the bar code. A film processor develops the film as a function of film type information read from the bar code. The laser imager stores information relating to film usage of the cartridge. Although the optical bar code system disclosed in the latter two patents is useful for the purposes for which they were intended, certain limitations are inherent in this technology as follows. 1. The optical bar code has a limited data storage capability. 2. There are a limited number of unique bar codes. 3. The data is fixed and cannot be changed. 4. The bar code must be located on the outside of the cartridge to allow scanning, exposing the bar code to wear and dirt which result in bar code read failures. 5. Film usage information is stored in the image management system of the laser imaging system. Other technologies for encoding data on a cartridge are also limited. Thus, magnetic encodement allows data to be changed but requires precise contact between a magnetic layer on the cartridge and a magnetic head. Electrical contact with a memory chip mounted on a cartridge also requires precise positioning of the cartridge relative to the read/write device. Both technologies are complex and expensive and are susceptible to wear and degradation. U.S. Patent 5,428,659, issued June 27, 1995, inventors Renner et al. discloses a device for transferring electrical signals and electric energy to the memory device of a cassette by radio frequency signals by means of a capacitive coupling device. Although the disclosed device is useful for the purpose for which it was intended, it requires precise positioning of the cassette for transfer of data and direct contact between the cartridge and the cartridge receiver. There is thus a need for a sheet media system which uses sheet media packaging having encoded data which has a large data storage, which allows reading of and writing to the data storage, which is resistant to degradation due to dirt, wear and tear, and which is simple and economical to implement. According to the present invention, there is provided a printable sheet media system as defind in claim 1. The invention has the following advantages. 1. Sheet media packaging is provided having large encoded data storage. 2. The encoded data storage can be read and written to. 3. Encoded data can be read or written too quickly. 4. The RFID system is resistant to degradation due to dirt, wear and tear. 5. The RFID system is simple and economical to implement. 6. The RFID system encodes film usage as well as initial film count. 7. The RFID system can encode information on recycling of the cartridge such as number of times cartridge is recycled, time from last recycling, quality of cartridge to prevent bad cartridge from being reused. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a laser imager which uses the present invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively plan and side elevational views of a resealable cartridge incorporating the present invention. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a transponder, which can be used in the present invention. Figs. 6-8 are diagrammatic views of other embodiments of the present invention. Figs. 9-11 are perspective views of a cartridge receiving base with transceiver according to an aspect of the invention. Fig. 12 is a block diagram of a cartridge/film manufacturing process. Fig. 13 is a general block diagram of a radiographic laser imager. Figs. 14 and 15 are diagrammatic views of other embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 1 shows a sheet media imaging system such as digital imager 10 which is configured to operate with a resealable photographic film cartridge 12. In the embodiment shown, laser imager 10 includes a cartridge-receiving base 16 into which film cartridge 12 with film sheets 14 is loaded. A cartridge opening/closing mechanism 18 is mounted to base 16. Film cartridge 12 is loaded into base 16, and sealed within a light-tight compartment. Opening/closing mechanism 18 then opens cartridge 12 to permit access to film sheets 14 in cartridge 12. Sheets 14 are removed from the opened cartridge 12 and transported to other subsystems of imager 10 (as described below). Opening/closing mechanism 18 is also actuated to close cartridge 12 before the cartridge is removed from imager 10. Since cartridge 12 is resealable, it can be removed from imager 10 before all the film within the cartridge has been exposed. Cartridges 12 with different sizes or types of film media can therefore be conveniently loaded into and removed from laser imager 10 as needed, without wasting and unused film remaining within the cartridge. As shown, imager 10 includes an optical scanning module 208, electronics module 210, and integrated thermal processor 310 enclosed in enclosure 201. Film sheet 14 is transported out of cartridge by suction feed mechanism 228, fed into staging area 230 where sheet 14 is transported by bidirectional film staging mechanism 232 into optical scanning module 208. Module 208 is mounted onto optical frame 240, for aligning and holding film sheet 14 during the image scanning process. Optical frame 240 is constructed from a rolled sheet metal which is welded to a box-shaped housing. Film sheet 14 transported onto cylindrical film platen 244 where it is scanned. Film alignment devices 248, align film sheet 14 on platen 244. Once the scanning of the image is complete then exposed film sheet 14 is transported out of film platen 244 toward bidirectional film staging mechanism 232 for transportation of exposed film sheet 14 to thermal processor 310. Bidirectional film staging mechanism 232 includes a set of three rollers 238, 234, and 236 where center roller 234 is driven and rollers 238, 236 are idlers. Film staging mechanism 232 is designed such that exposed film sheet 14 can be transported out of film platen 244 between rollers 234 and 236 while simultaneously transporting unexposed film sheet 14 onto film platen 244 between rollers 234 and 238, if desired. Electronics module 210 includes imager control systems. The operator can interface with the electronics through either a keypad mounted on a console, a portable keypad or a modem. The imager control system receives information from densitometer 264 reads and compares optical density information from an optical density patch generated during the scanning process having a predetermined target optical density on the trailing edge of developed film sheet 14. If necessary, the exposure is adjusted to compensate for any minor differences in optical density. Enclosure 201 is divided into two primary chambers, upper chamber 202 and lower chamber 204, with a passage for transporting film sheet 14 between the two chambers. Thermal processor 310 is preferably located in upper chamber 202. Lower chamber 204 containing optical scanning module 208, electronics module 210, and power supply 211 and is kept at a positive pressure with respect to upper chamber 202 to prevent damage of the optics due to volatile materials outgassed from film sheet 14 during thermal processing and to protect optical scanning module 208 from detrimental temperature increases. Thermal processor 310 includes rotatable heated member 314 and guiding members 316 for heat development of exposed film sheet 14. Enclosure 201 can include an openable cover 266. For example, openable cover 266 can be pivotally connected to the remainder of enclosure 201. Guiding members 316 can be attached to cover 266 so that when cover 266 is opened, guiding members 316 are lifted away from heated member 314 providing easier access to heated member 314. After processing, developed film sheet 14 is cooled and deposited in output tray 280. Resealable cartridge 12 can be described in greater detail with reference to Figs. 2 and 3. As shown, cartridge 12 includes a optically opaque polymer film-receiving tray 20 and flexible, optically opaque polymer cover 22. Cover 22 is resealably mounted to tray 20 by adhesive coating 24A-24D. Other resealing techniques can be used such as magnetic strips. Tray 20 is preferably molded in one piece from a polymeric material. Tray 20 is a relatively shallow member and includes a generally planar bottom wall 26, front wall 28A, rear wall 28B and side walls 28C and 28D. Lips 30A-30D extend outwardly from the upper edges of respective walls 28A-28D, and circumscribe a film access opening of tray 20. Inwardly projecting guides 32 are formed on walls 28A-28D to properly position sheets of film (not shown) within tray 20. Feet 34A-34D are formed into and extend downwardly from bottom wall 26 to support cartridge 12 within base 16 of laser imager 10. Bottom wall 26 also includes positioning recesses 36 which are tapered and extend into tray 20 from the bottom wall. Positioning recesses 36 are configured to receive positioning lugs extending from base 16. The positioning lugs secure and properly orient cartridge 12 within laser imager 10. In the embodiment shown, positioning recesses 36 are molded into feet 34A and 34B adjacent to front wall 28A. A media presence monitoring well 35 is also formed in bottom wall 26. Media presence monitoring sensors of imager 10 (not shown) extend into well 35 below the surface of bottom wall 26 when all film has been removed from tray 20. Feet 34A and 34B (i.e., those adjacent to front wall 28A) also include ramp surfaces 38 which slope downwardly from the lower edge of the front wall to the bottom of the feet. Ramp surfaces 38 guide feet 34A and 34B over the positioning lugs in imager base 16 as cartridge 12 is being loaded into the base. The embodiment of tray 20 illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 also includes a recess 40 in bottom wall 26 which forms a platform on the bottom exterior of tray 20. A pair of feet 41 are formed as releases in bottom wall 26 adjacent recess 40. Reinforcing ribs (not shown in Figs. 2 and 3) can also be molded into bottom wall 26 and/or side walls 28A-28D to increase the rigidity of tray 20. The forwardmost or leading edge of front lip 30A also includes a series of spaced cut-out sections 42. Cut-out sections 42 form a series of spaced projections 44 on the leading edge of lip 30A. Cut-out sections 42 and projections 44 cooperate with yet to be described aspects of cover 22 and opening/closing mechanism 18 to facilitate the opening and subsequent closing of cartridge 12. Cover 22 is a flexible, photo-inert and optically opaque sheet of material sized to extend over the access opening of tray 20. Cover 22 has edges 23A-23D (only edges 23A and 23D are shown in Fig. 2) which extend between and mate with tray lips 30A-30D, respectively. The front edge 23A of cover 22 extends over the tray cut-out sections 42, and includes elongated apertures 46 which are positioned over the cut-out sections when the cover is sealed onto tray 20. Apertures 46 facilitate the engagement of opening/closing mechanism 18 with cover 22 in a manner described below. Cartridge 12 is provided with a stack of photosensitive sheet media, such as unexposed radiographic film used in laser imagers. The film may be processable by conventional wet processing techniques or by thermographic dry processing techniques. According to the present invention cartridge 12 has a radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder associated with it. As shown in Fig. 4, an inlay transponder 50 is mounted on the bottom of liner 52 facing the bottom wall of cartridge 12. Radio-frequency identification transponders are widely available in a variety of forms. Inlay transponders have a substantially flat shape. Fig. 5 shows an inlay transponder 50 having a flexible support sheet 54 carrying a planar flat coil antenna 56 and integrated circuit chip 58 having a non-volatile digital memory such as an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory). Stored in non-volatile memory are relevant encoded digital data. Sheet 54 is electrically insulating plastic and antenna 56 is a layer of conductive material deposited on sheet 54. Connectors 59 and necessary insulation are provided as deposited layers. Inlay transponders of this type are marketed by Texas Instrument Inc., Dallas, Texas as Tag-it™ inlays. Transponders supplied from other sources may also be used. The transponder is interrogated by an RF signal from an external transceiver which is not in contact with the transponder and may be some distance from it. The transponder has a unique ID code which is transmitted to the transceiver upon interrogation. Data can be both written to and read from the non-volatile memory. In this embodiment other transponder configurations can be used in place thereof. For example, the transponder can be cylindrical. The transponder associated with cartridge 12 can be mounted in other areas thereof. Fig. 6 shows transponder 50 mounted on upper sheet 22. Fig. 7 shows transponder 50 mounted on the side of cartridge 12. Fig. 8 shows transponder 50 mounted on the outside surface of cartridge 12 can also be mounted on the inside surface of the bottom of the cartridge 12. It will be understood that transponder 50 can be mounted on cartridge 12 in any convenient area on the inside or outside thereof. Alternatively, the transponder can be molded as part of the cartridge. Referring now to Figs. 9-11, there is shown cartridge receiving base 16 and opening and closing mechanism 18. Base 16 is mounted in imager 10 (Fig. 1). Base 16 has a bottom member 70 side members 72, 74, rear member 76, and front member 78. Lugs 80, 82 engage recess 36 of cartridge 12 to position cartridge 12 in base 16. Opening/closing mechanism 18 has a unit 84 which engages the apertures 46 of cover 22 to roll it back for removal of film sheets from cartridge 12. Mechanism 18 rides in tracks 86, 88. The operation of mechanism 18 is described in greater detail in U.S. Patent 5,132,724, issued July 21, 1992, inventors Lemberger et al. The transceiver for communicating with transponder 50 includes an antenna 90 and read/write electronics 92 electrically connected to antenna 90. Antenna 90 is located in proximity to transponder 50 when cartridge 12 is positioned in base. Fig. 12 is a block diagram of an exemplary manufacturing process for making film cartridge 12. As shown, process A produces a wide web film base which is coated in process B to produce unexposed film. A large roll of wide film is then slit into narrower strips which are cut into sheets (process C). A five sided cartridge with an open top is molded in process D and adhesive added to the upper edges of the cartridge. A liner with transponder is inserted into the bottom of the cartridge and a resealable cover is applied in process E. In process F, the cartridge is opened and a stack of film sheets is inserted into the cartridge on top of the insert. In process G, the resealable cover is closed. In process H, one or more film or cartridge processes or other relevant digital data are stored in the transponder. Referring to Fig. 13, there is shown a block diagram of imager 10. A film cartridge 400 containing unexposed radiographic film and having a transponder 402 is loaded into a cartridge receiver station 100. RFID transponder 402 is interrogated by RFID transceiver 404 under the control of control system 406. Cartridge/Film Handling system 408, opens the film cartridge, removes a sheet of film, and transports it to Film Exposure Station 410. Image Source 412, such as a digital radiographic image storage, transmits an image to be reproduced to Image Processor 414, where the image can be processed for various parameters including ones which have been derived from data supplied by RFID transponder 402. Such data can include film size, film sensitometry, film age, etc. The processed image is reproduced by Laser Scanner 416 on a film sheet located at Film Exposure Station 410. The exposed film is then processed by Film Processor 418 which can be a wet process film processor or a dry film processor. An exemplary laser imager for use with heat processable dry film is described in U.S. Patent 6,007,971, issued December 28, 1999, inventors Star et al. According to the invention the cartridge transponder can store one or more of the following types of relevant digital data, among others. 1. Unique transponder ID number 2. Cartridge ID number 3. Film type, lot number, all manufacturing machines or processes that film saw (e.g., those associated with processes A, B, and C of Fig. 12). 4. Film expiration date 5. Film size and initial number of film sheets in cartridge 6. All manufacturing machines or processes that cartridge saw (e.g., those associated with processes D, E, F, G of Fig. 12) 7. Messages for customers, sales or service 8. Upgrade software for the laser imager According to a further feature of the invention, the laser imager transceiver can transmit one or more of the following types of data to the film cartridge transponder after installation in the laser imager. 1. Number of film sheets remaining in the cartridge. 2. Any measured laser imager parameter such as film calibration, image processing look up tables, motor speeds, temperature, errors, transfer functions, laser imager ID number, imager film usage, density patch tracking for Automatic Image Quality Control. 3. Any information relating to recycling of the cartridge such as: number of times recycled, date of recycling, time from last recycle, error codes that can prevent cartridge from being reused. 4. Laser imager failures, such as: sheet film jams, optic failure, communication problems, recalibration. 5. Times to scheduled service, preventive maintenance, error fix, film supply. 6. Codes to facilitate auditing of film, cartridge, customer, imager. Although the present invention is described as associated with a cartridge containing sheet media, it will be understood that the RFID transponder can be used with other types of sheet media packaging, such as the flexible packaging disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,973,768, issued October 26, 1999, inventors Mazion et al., the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. As shown in Fig. 14, flexible packaging 4000 includes a light tight enclosure for a stack of light sensitive media sheets 4020. Packaging 4000 is made of a bag having sides 4040, 4060, rolled up end 4080 secured by tape 4100 and tapered end 4120. Packaging 4000 can be inserted in a light tight sheet media supply in a laser printer and removed in the printer by mechanical means to leave the stack of media sheets 4020 in the printer supply. (Reference is made to U.S. Patent 5,765,091, issued June 9, 1998, inventors Kovach et al., for an exemplary apparatus in which the packaging 4000 may be used). According to a feature of the present invention, RFID transponder 4140 is associated with packaging 4000. Transponder 4140 stores relevant digital data as further explained above. The apparatus utilizing packaging 4000 includes a transceiver for communicating with the transponder associated with the packaging as further explained above. Instead of associating the RFID transponder with a sheet media cartridge of other packaging containing the sheet media, another feature of the present invention illustrated in Fig. 15, involves placing a removable transponder in apparatus utilizing sheet media, in proximity to a transceiver located in the apparatus. For example, as shown, a removable insert 500 having transponder 502 associated therewith, is inserted in sheet media supply drawer 504. Sheet media are stacked on insert 500 in drawer 504. Drawer 504 is inserted into sheet media utilization apparatus 506 through slot 508. Apparatus 506 includes transceiver 510 which communicates with transponder 502. Other techniques for providing transponder 502 will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It will also be understood that other types of sheet media can be used in association with the transponder of the present invention. Thus, sheet media used in other printing systems such as ink jet, thermal, dye transfer, electrographic, lithographic, ink contact, or the like are considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims: A printable sheet media system (10) comprising: a printable sheet media assemblage including a stack of printable sheet media (14, 4020), packaging (12, 4000) for containing said stack of printable sheet media (14, 4020), and a transponder (50, 4140) which has an antenna (56) and which stores digital data relevant to said printable sheet media system (10); and a printer apparatus including, a base assembly (16) for receiving the printable sheet media assemblage, a printer (208) for printing images on printable sheet media (14, 4020) removed from said printable sheet media assemblage received in said base assembly (16), and a radio frequency identification transceiver (90, 92) including an antenna and being located in relation to said base assembly (16), such that, when a printable sheet media assemblage is received by said base assembly (16), said transceiver (90, 92) can communicate with said transponder (50, 4140) and such that said transceiver (90, 92) and said transponder (50, 4140) are not in physical contact. The printable sheet media system(10) of claim 1 wherein said packaging (12, 4000) includes a resealable, removable cartridge (12) containing said stack of printable sheet media (14, 4020), and wherein said printer apparatus includes a mechanism (18) for opening and resealing said cartridge (12), so that said cartridge can be removed and replaced in said printer apparatus when less than all of the printable sheet media (14, 4020) are removed from said cartridge (12). The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said printable sheet media (14, 4020) is photo-sensitive sheet media. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said printable sheet media (14, 4020) is one of, ink jet print media, thermal print media, dye transfer print media, electrographic print media, lithographic print media, and ink contact print media. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said transponder (50, 4140) stores digital data representing one or more of the following: media size, initial number of media sheets, media type, media lot number, media manufacturing history, media parameters, media expiration date. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said transponder (50, 4140) stores digital data representing one or more of the following: unique transponder ID number, messages for customers, sales or service personnel, upgrade software for printable sheet media system. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said transponder (50, 4140) stores digital data representing one or more of the following: packaging manufacturing history, packaging recycling data, packaging error codes. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said transponder (50, 4140) stores digital data representing one or more of the following: number of sheets remaining, any measured system parameter, any information relating to recycling of media packaging, any information relating to system failures, codes to facilitate auditing of media, packaging, customer, media system. The printable sheet media system (10) of claims 1 or 2 wherein said printable sheet media (14, 4020) is heat processible photosensitive sheet media and wherein said printer apparatus includes a processor (310) for heat processing said sheet media.

Inventors: DONALDSON ERIC J, FEATHERSTONE LEAH C, JENSEN DOUGLAS D, JOYCE TERRENCE H, SPURR ROBERT W, TANAMACHI STEVEN W, VRAA TIMOTHY S, DONALDSON, ERIC J., FEATHERSTONE, LEAH C., JENSEN, DOUGLAS D., JOYCE, TERRENCE H., SPURR, ROBERT W., TANAMACHI, STEVEN W., VRAA, TIMOTHY S., Donaldson, Eric J., c/o Eastman Kodak Company, Featherstone, Leah C., c/o Eastman Kodak Company, Jensen, Douglas D., c/o Eastman Kodak Company, Joyce, Terrence H., c/o Eastman Kodak Company, Spurr, Robert W., c/o EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, Tanamachi, Steven W., c/o Eastman Kodak Company, Vraa, Timothy S., c/o Eastman Kodak Company
Applicants: EASTMAN KODAK CO, EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
Application year: 2001
Main classification: G03B42
IPC codes: G06K19, G03B42, H04B1, B41J29