Discharge means

Abstract: Discharge means comprising a liquid conduit (24) for discharging liquid from a container (10), at least one mouth (38) through which liquid to be discharged can pass into the conduit (24), and level follower means (26) to ensure that the mouth is moved to follow the level of the liquid in the container (10) as that level changes. Relative mouth-level adjustment means (40) are provided to adjust the level of the mouth (38) between a position in which it is below the surface of liquid in a container (10) to a position in which it is above that surface. The relative mouth-level adjustment means (40) comprise at least one float (40) having a selectively variable displacement.

Description: The present invention relates to discharge means comprising a liquid conduit for discharging liquid from a container, at least one mouth through which liquid to be discharged can pass into the conduit, level follower means to ensure that the mouth is moved to follow the level of the liquid in the container as that level changes, and relative mouth-level adjustment means to adjust the level of the mouth between a position in which it is below the surface of liquid in a container to a position in which it is above that surface. If the liquid is effluent, this reduces the likelihood of ingress of untreated effluent filling the discharge pipe whilst the treatment of the effluent is in progress. When the mouth is below the level of effluent, it is just below the surface, to be clear of floating debris actually on the surface, to reduce the likelihood of such debris contaminating the clear treated effluent just below the surface. Such previously proposed discharge means have relative mouth-level adjustment means in the form of a cable and winch arrangement to raise and lower the mouth, but such means are cumbersome and difficult to install and maintain. In DE 197 42 594 A, the relative mouth-level adjustment means comprise at least one float having a selectively variable displacement. The present invention seeks to provide a remedy. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to discharge means having the construction set out in the opening paragraph of the present specification, in which the relative mouth-level adjustment means comprise at least one float having a selectively variable displacement, and in which the or each float is provided with means to feed air or other gaseous material into the float and to remove air or other gaseous material from the float. Such discharge means are especially effective within a container which constitutes an effluent treatment tank, and in which the liquid to be discharged by the discharge means is treated effluent. The float may comprise a hollow body with an opening, such as a hollow cylinder closed at one end and open at the other. Such a float may be oriented such that its opening is directed downwardly, and the feed means may be arranged to feed air or other gaseous material into the interior of the float. The conduit may comprise an arm which extends within the container interior from a position in the wall of the container which is below an intended level of the liquid, so that discharge can be effected by the force of gravity. The arm may be pivoted to enable it to remain adjacent to the surface of liquid within a container whilst the level of that surface changes. An example of discharge means made in accordance with the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a diametric cross-sectional view of an effluent treatment tank provided with such discharge means; Figure 2 shows an underneath view of the discharge means shown in Figure 1; and Figure 3 shows a diametric cross-sectional view of discharge means shown in Figure 1, taken along the line III shown in that Figure, together with pneumatic circuitry associated with the discharge means. As shown in the Figures, a tank 10 contains treated effluent 12. The level of the treated effluent 12 may vary anywhere between a minimum level 14 and a maximum level 16, for example it may be at level 18. The actual level is dependent upon the amount of effluent which has flowed into the container 10 via the inlet 20, and the amount of effluent which has flowed out of the discharge means 22 at any given time. The discharge means comprise a hollow arm 24 constituting a conduit, and pivoted at a pivot 26 to a discharge outlet 28 which passes through the cylindrical outer wall of the container 10. As can be seen more clearly in Figure 2, the arm 24 is provided with a U-bend 30 to facilitate its connection to the pivot 26. The outlet 28 is connected to the pivot 26 via an angled section 32. A strengthening strut 34 extends between the outlet 28 and the arm 34. At the other end of the arm 34 there is provided a gallery 36 having a plurality of downwardly directed mouths 38. Two floats 40 are provided at respective opposite ends of the gallery 36. These floats 40 each comprise a hollow cylinder 42 having a closed upper end 44 and open lower end 46. Both floats are pivotally attached to the gallery 36 at the intended upper, closed end of the cylinder 42. The weight of the cylinder therefore ensures that it is always suspended in a downward direction from the gallery 36. The upper half of each cylinder 40 is sealed by a diaphragm 48. This constitutes therefore a portion of the float 40 which gives rise to a fixed displacement that does not vary, and is sufficient to keep the mouth 38 just below the surface level of the effluent. However, an air feed pipe 50 is connected to passageways 52 which pass through the upper half of each cylinder 40 and through the diaphragm 48. Therefore, air can be pumped into the lower half of each cylinder 40 or removed therefrom, to vary the total displacement effected by each float 40. Air can be fed to the feed pipe 50, via a T-piece 54 and a further passageway 56 having a non-return valve 58, from a low pressure air source 60. Air can be removed from each float 40 via a further open-and-close valve 62 in a further passageway 64 having one end in communication with the feed pipe 50 and the other end open to atmosphere. When the discharge means are in operation with effluent filling the tank 10, the displacement of the floats 40 is such as to ensure that the mouths 38 are a little below the surface level of the effluent in the tank 10. This relative position of the mouths 38 in relation to the liquid surface level is maintained by virtue of the fact that the arm 24 can pivot about pivot 26. Effluent passes through the mouths 38 and out of the tank 10 via the conduit 24 under the force of gravity. In the event that draining of water from the tank 10 via the conduit 24 and outlet 28 is no longer desired, air from the low pressure air source 60 is fed into the lower half of the floats 40 to increase the displacement of water by the floats and thus to raise the level of the mouths 38 to a level which is above the surface of the liquid in the tank 10. This prevents further drainage, discharge or decanting of effluent from the tank. In the event that the low pressure air source 60 fails, commencement of an aeration process in the tank (by means not shown) to treat the effluent would refloat the discharge means, by virtue of air accumulating in the cylinders 42. An advantage of the illustrated construction is that no valve is needed in the discharge means which might get fouled by effluent and no lift tackle is needed for the relative mouth-level adjustment.

Claims: Discharge means comprising a liquid conduit (24) for discharging liquid from a container (10), at least one mouth (38) through which liquid to be discharged can pass into the conduit (24), level follower means (26) to ensure that the mouth (38) is moved to follow the level of the liquid in the container (10) as that level changes, and relative mouth-level adjustment means (40) to adjust the level of the mouth (38) between a position in which it is below the surface of liquid in the container (10) to a position in which it is above that surface, in which the relative mouth-level adjustment means (40) comprise at least one float (40) having a selectively variable displacement, characterised in that the or each float (40) is provided with means (50 to 60) to feed air or other gaseous material into the float (40), and to remove air or other gaseous material from the float in order to vary the total displacement effected by the or each float (40). Discharge means according to claim 1, characterised in that the float (40) comprises a hollow body (40) with an opening (46). Discharge means according to claim 2, characterised in that the float (40) comprises a hollow cylinder (40) closed at one end (44) and open at the other (46). Discharge means according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterised in that the float (40) is oriented such that its opening (46) is directed downwardly. Discharge means according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the conduit (22) comprises an arm (22) which extends within the container interior from a position in the wall of the container (10) which is below an intended level of the liquid, so that discharge can be effected by the force of gravity. Discharge means according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the arm (22) is pivoted to enable it to remain adjacent to the surface of liquid within the container (10) whilst the level of that surface changes.

Inventors: WICKINS JEREMY, WICKINS, JEREMY
Applicants: WICKINS JEREMY, WICKINS, JEREMY
Application year: 2001
Main classification: B67D5
IPC codes: B67D7