FARNESYL PROTEIN TRANSFERASE INHIBITOR COMBINATIONS WITH TAXANE COMPOUNDS

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with combinations of a farnesyl transferase inhibitor and a taxane compound for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and useful in the treatment of cancer.

Description: FARNESYL PROTEIN TRANSFERASE INHIBITOR COMBINATIONS WITH TAXANE COMPOUNDS The present invention is concerned with combinations of a farnesyl transferase inhibitor and a taxane compound for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells, useful in the treatment of cancer Oncogenes frequently encode protein components of signal transduction pathways which lead to stimulation of cell growth and mitogenesis. Oncogene expression in cultured cells leads to cellular transformation, characterized by the ability of cells to grow in soft agar and the growth of cells as dense foci lacking the contact inhibition exhibited by non-transformed cells Mutation and/or overexpression of certain oncogenes is frequently associated with human cancer A particular group of oncogenes is known as ras which have been identified in mammals, birds, insects, mollusks, plants, fungi and yeasts The family of mammalian ras oncogenes consists of three major members ("isoforms") : H-ras, K-ras and N-ras oncogenes. These ras oncogenes code for highly related proteins geneπcally known as p21 ras . Once attached to plasma membranes, the mutant or oncogemc forms of p21 ras will provide a signal for the transformation and uncontrolled growth of malignant tumor cells. To acquire this transforming potential, the precursor of the p21 ras oncoprotein must undergo an enzymatically catalyzed farnesylation of the cysteine residue located in a carboxyl- termmal tetrapeptide Therefore, inhibitors of the enzyme that catalyzes this modification, farnesyl protein transferase, will prevent the membrane attachment of p21 ras and block the aberrant growth of ras-transformed tumors Hence, it is generally accepted in the art that farnesyl transferase inhibitors can be very useful as anticancer agents for tumors in which ras contπbutes to transformation. Since mutated, oncogemc forms of ras are frequently found in many human cancers, most notably in more than 50 % of colon and pancreatic carcinomas (Kohl et al., Science, vol 260, 1834 - 1837, 1993), it has been suggested that farnesyl tranferase inhibitors can be very useful against these types of cancer. Following further investigations, it has been found that a farnesyl transferase inhibitor is capable of demonstrating antiprohferative effects in vitro and antitumor effects in vivo in a vaπety of human tumor cell lines with and without ras gene mutations. WO-97/21701 descπbes the preparation, formulation and pharmaceutical properties of farnesyl protein transferase inhibiting (imidazoly-5-yl)methyl-2-quinolinone derivatives of formulas (I), (II) and (HI), as well as intermediates of formula (II) and (HI) that are metabolized in vivo to the compounds of formula (I). The compounds of formulas (I), (II) and (HI) are represented by (i) (II) (HI) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R 1 is hydrogen, Ci -I2alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Cι _6alkyl, quinolinylCi-ζalkyl, pyridylCi-όalkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkyl, aminoCi-galkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk!-C(=0)-R 9 , -Alk!-S(0)-R 9 or -Alk!-S(0)2-R 9 , wherein Alk^ is Ci-βalkanediyl, R 9 is hydroxy, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, amino, Ci-8alkylamino or Ci-8alkylamino substituted with Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl; R2, R3 and Rl6 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-galkyloxy, hydroxyCi-6alkyloxy, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, aminoCi-6alkyl- oxy, mono- or di(Ci -6alkyl)aminoCι_6alkyloxy, Ar2oxy, Ar^Ci-όalkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-galkyloxycarbonyl, trihalomethyl, trihalomethoxy, C2-6 lkenyl, 4,4-dimethyloxazolyl; or when on adjacent positions R 2 and R^ taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (a-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (a-2), -0-CH=CH- (a-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (a-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R4 and R^ each independently are hydrogen, halo, Ar^, Ci-6alkyl, hydroxyCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkylthio, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl or Cι_6alkylS(O)2Ci-6alkyl; R^ and R7 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-ζalkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy, Ar 2 oxy, trihalomethyl, Ci-βalkylthio, di(Ci-6alkyl)amino, or when on adjacent positions R" and R^ taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (c-l) . or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (c-2); R^ is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, C 1 _6alkylcarbonylC 1 -ζalkyl, cyanoC 1 -βalkyl , C 1 _6alkyloxycarbonylC 1 -6alkyl , carboxyCι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, aminoCι _6alkyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)- aminoCi-βalkyl, imidazolyl, haloCi-βalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, aminocarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -O-RlO (b-1), -S-RlO (b-2), -N-RllRl2 (b-3), wherein RlO 1S hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ar , Ar 2 Cι _6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical or formula -Alk 2 -ORl3 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; R 1 1 is hydrogen, Ci-i2alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar Ci -6alkyl; Rl2 is hydrogen, Cι _6alkyl, Cι _i6aikylcarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylaminocarbonyl, Ar^, Ar 2 Cι _6alkyl, C1 _6alkylcarbonyl- Ci-6alkyl, a natural amino acid, Ar^carbonyl, Ar 2 Cι _6alkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonylcarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci -6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, di(Cι_6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkylcarbonyl, amino, Cι_6alkylamino, Cι_6alkylcarbonylamino, or a radical or formula -Alk 2 -OR 13 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk 2 is Ci_6alkanediyl; Rl3 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy- Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar Cι _6alkyl; R 14 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Cι _6alkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-βalkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar or Ar 2 Ci_6alkyl; Rl ' is hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ar^; R! 8 is hydrogen, Ci-βalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy or halo; R 1 9 is hydrogen or C i -βalkyl ; Ar is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci -βalkyl, hydroxy, amino, Cι _6alkyloxy or halo; and Ar 2 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci-6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci _6alkyloxy or halo. WO-97/ 16443 concerns the preparation, formulation and pharmaceutical properties of farnesyl protein transferase inhibiting compounds of formula (IV), as well as intermediates of formula (V) and (VI) that are metabolized in vivo to the compounds of formula (IV). The compounds of formulas (IV), (V) and (VI) are represented by (IV) (V) (VI) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R! IS hydrogen, Ci -i2alkyl, Ar*, Ar 2 Ci -6alkyl, quιnohnylCi-6alkyl, pyπdyl- Ci-6alkyl, hydroxyCι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or dι(Cj_6alky])- amιnoCi-6alkyl, amιnoCι_6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk!-C(=0)-R 9 , -Alk 1 -S(0)-R 9 or -Alk 1 -S(0)2-R 9 , wherein Alk 1 is Ci -6alkanedιyl, R 9 is hydroxy, Ci-6alkyl, Ci -6alkyloxy, amino, Cι_8alkylamιno or Cι_8alkylamιno substituted with Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, R 2 and R 3 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, h\droxyCi-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, amino- Ci-6alkyloxy, mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιnoCi-6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl, Ar 2 oxy, Ar 2 Cι _6alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, tπhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl; or when on adjacent positions R 2 and R 3 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -0-CH2-0- (a-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (a-2), -0-CH=CH- (a-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (a-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R and R 5 each independently are hydrogen, Ar , Ci 6 alkyl, C \ 6 alkyloxyCι 6 alkyl, Ci 6 alkyloxy, Cι_ 6 alkylthιo, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, C] 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci 6 alkylS(0)C, 6 alkyl or Ci G alkylS O^ 6 alkyl; R^ and R^ each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-ζalkyloxy or Ar 2 oxy; R& is hydrogen, Ci-βalkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyl- carbonylCi-6alkyl, cyanoCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCι_6alkyl, hydroxy- carbonylCι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi-6alkyl, aminoCi -6alkyl, mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)- amιnoCι_6alkyl, haloCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, ammocarbonylCι_6alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci _6alkyloxyCi_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylthιoCι_6alkyl; R 1 ^ IS hydrogen, Ci- alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo; R 1 1 is hydrogen or C i-6alkyl; Ar 1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci-6alkyl, hydroxy, amino. Ci -6alkyl ox y or halo; Ar 2 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci-βalkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo. -o- WO-98/40383 concerns the preparation, formulation and pharmaceutical properties of farnesyl protein transferase inhibiting compounds of formula (VII) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeπc forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond, X is oxygen or sulfur; -A- is a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH- (a-1), -CH2-S- (a-6), -CH2-CH2- (a-2), -CH2-CH2-S- (a-7), -CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-3), -CH=N- (a-8), -CH2-O- (a-4), -N=N- (a-9), or -CH2-CH2-O- (a-5), -CO-NH- (a-10); wherein optionally one hydrogen atom may be replaced by Ci-4alkyl or Ar 1 ; R 1 and R 2 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-βalkyl, tπhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, C2-6 a lkenyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, hydroxyCι _6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, ammoCi-6alkyloxy, mono- or di(Ci_6alkyl)aminoCi -6alkyloxy, Ar 2 , Ar 2 -Ci-6alkyl, Ar -oxy, Ar -Ci-6alkyloxy; or when on adjacent positions R 1 and R 2 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (b-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (b-2), -0-CH=CH- (b-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (b-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (b-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (b-6); R 3 and R 4 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-galkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ar^-oxy, Cι_6alkylthιo, di(Ci-6alkyl)ammo, tπhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, or when on adjacent positions R 3 and R 4 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (c-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (c-2), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (c-3); R5 is a radical of formula wherein R 3 is hydrogen, halo, Ar 4 , Ci -6alkyl, hydroxyCι _6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy- Cι_6alkyl, Ci-galkyloxy, Ci-galkylthio, amino, Ci-βalkyloxy- carbonyl, Ci-6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl or Ci-6alkylS(0)2Cι_6alkyl; R 14 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl or di(Ci-4alkyl)aminosulfonyl; R" is hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, Ci -6alkyl, cyano, haloCi-6alkyl, hydroxyC ι _6alkyl, cyanoCi-6alkyl, aminoCi -6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, C 1.6alkylthioC 1 -6alkyl , aminocarbonylC 1.βalkyl, C 1 _6alkyloxycarbonylC 1 -6alkyl , C 1 -βalkylcarbonyl-C 1.βalkyl , Ci _6alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCι _6alkyl, Ar^, Ar5-Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl; or a radical of formula -O-R 7 (e-1), -S-R7 (e- 2 ), -N-RδR 9 (e-3), wherein R 7 is hydrogen, Ci -6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ar^, Ar6-Cι _6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR ^ or -Alk-NR n R 12 ; R^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 7 or Ar7-Ci -6alkyl; R 9 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci -6alkylcarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylaminocarbonyl, Ar^, Ar^-Cι_6alkyl, Cι _6alkylcarbonyl- Ci-6alkyl, Ar^-carbonyl, Ar^-Ci-βalkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl- carbonyl, Ci -6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci-βalkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, di(Cι _6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkylcarbonyl, amino, C 1.6alkylamino, C 1.βalkylcarbonylamino, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 10 or -Alk-NR 1 l R 12 ; wherein Alk is Ci-6alkanediyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyCi-6alkyl, Ar 9 or Ar 9 -Cι_6alkyl; R 1 is hydrogen, Ci- alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 *- 1 or Ar 10 -Ci_6alkyl; R 12 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 11 or Ar^-Ci-όalkyl; and Ar 1 to Ar 1 are each independently selected from phenyl; or phenyl substituted with halo, Cι _6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl. WO-98/49157 concerns the preparation, formulation and pharmaceutical properties of farnesyl protein transferase inhibiting compounds of formula (VEH) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R 1 and R 2 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, trihalomethyl, trihalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, hydroxyCι_6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, aminoCι_6alkyloxy, mono- or di(Cι_6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , A^Ci -6alkyl, A^o y or AriCi-όalkyloxy; R3 and R 4 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, Ar y, Cι _6alkylthio, di(Cι_6alkyl)amino, trihalomethyl or trihalomethoxy: R5 is hydrogen, halo, Ci_6alkyl, cyano, haloCι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, cyanoCι_6alkyl, aminoCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, C i -6alkylthioC i _6alkyl, aminocarbonylC i -6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl-Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkyl, Ar 1 , AriCi-όalkyloxyCi-όalkyl; or a radical of formula .O-RlO (a-1), _S- R 10 (a-2), -N-RUR 12 (a-3), wherein R ^ is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6aikylcarbonyl, Ar 1 , AriCi -όalkyI, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; R 11 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or AriCi -όalkyl; R 2 is hydrogen, Ci -6alkyl, Ci-βalkylcarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylaminocarbonyl, Ar 1 , AriCi -όalkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl- Cι_6alkyl, Aricarbonyl, AriCi -βalkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl- carbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCι_6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci-6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, dι(Cι_6alkyl)amιnoCι _6alkylcarbonyl, ammo, Cι_6alkylamιno, Cι_6alkylcarbonylamιno, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 , wherein Alk is Ci .βalkanediyl; R 13 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy- Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or A^Ci-όalkyl, R 14 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 or AriCi .βalkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 or AriCi-όalkyl; R6 is a radical of formula R 16 (b-2), wherein hydrogen, halo, Ar 1 , Ci-βalkyl, hydroxyCi .βalkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy- Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, Cι_6alkylthιo, amino, C i -όalkyloxycarbonyl, C i -6alkylthιoC i -6alkyl, Ci-6alkylS(O)Cι_6alkyl or Ci-6alkylS(O)2Cι_6alkyl, R 17 ιs hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl or dι(Ci-4alkyl)amιnosulfonyl; R 7 IS hydrogen or Cι_6alkyl provided that the dotted line does not represent a bond; R 8 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl or Ar 2 CH2 or Het 1 CH2; R 9 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl , Ci- alkyloxy or halo; or R8 and R 9 taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH- (c-1), -CH2-CH2- (c-2), -CH2-CH2-CH2- (c-3), -CH2-O- (c-4), or -CH2-CH2-O- (c-5); Ar 1 is phenyl; or phenyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy or tπfluoromethyl; Ar 2 is phenyl; or phenyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy or tπfluoromethyl; and Het 1 is pyπdinyl; pyπdinyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy or tπfluoromethyl. WO-OO/39082 concerns the preparation, formulation and pharmaceutical properties of farnesyl protein transferase inhibiting compounds of formula (IX) or the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein =X ! -X 2 -X 3 - is a tπvalent radical of formula =N-CR 6 =CR 7 - (x-1), =CR 6 -CR 7 =CR 8 - (x-6), =N-N=CR 6 - (χ- 2 ), =CR 6 -N=CR 7 - (x-7), =N-NH-C(=O)- (x-3), =CR 6 -NH-C(=0)- (x-8), or =N-N=N- (χ- 4 ), =CR 6 -N=N- (x-9); =N-CR 6 =N- (x-5), wherein each R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, 4 alkyl, hydroxy, Cι -4 alkyloxy, aryloxy, Ci alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxyCi 4 alkyl, Cι. 4 alkyloxyCι alkyl, mono- or dι(Cι alkyl)amιnoCι alkyl, cyano, amino, thio, C]. 4 alkylthιo, arylthio or aryl; >Y ! -Y 2 - is a tπvalent radical of formula >CH-CHR y (y-i), >C=N- (y- 2 ), >CH-NR 9 - (y-3),or >C=CR , 9 y - (y-4), wherein each R 9 independently is hydrogen, halo, halocarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, hydroxyCi alkyl, cyano, carboxyl, Ci 4 alkyl, Cι- alkyloxy, Ci alkyloxyCι. alkyl, C]. alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or dι(C] 4 alkyl)amιno, mono- or dι(Cι- 4 alkyl)amιnoCι 4 alkyl, aryl; r and s are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; t is 0, 1, 2 or 3; each R 1 and R 2 are independently hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, tπhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, C 2 6 alkenyl, hydroxyCi. 6 alkyloxy, C]. 6 alkylthιo, Ci 6 alkyloxyCμ 6 alkyloxy, Cι_ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, ammoCι. 6 alkyloxy, mono- or dι(Cι_ 6 alkyl)amιno, mono- or dι(Cι 6 alkyl)ammoCι 6 alkyloxy, aryl, aryl 6 alkyl, aryloxy or arylCi 6 alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, amιnoCι. 6 alkyl, mono- or dι(Cι 6 alkyl)ammocarbonyl, mono- or dι(Cι- alkyl)ammoCι 6 alkyl; or two R 1 or R 2 substituents adjacent to one another on the phenyl ring may independently form together a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH 2 -O- (a- 1 )' -0-CH 2 -CH 2 -O- (a-2), -0=CH=CH- (a-3), -0-CH 2 -CH 2 - (a-4), -0-CH 2 -CH 2 - CH 2 - (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R 3 is hydrogen, halo, Cι -6 alkyl, cyano, haloCι_ 6 alkyl, hydroxyCi _ 6 alkyl, cyanoCι_ 6 alkyl, aminoCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι- 6 alkyloxyCι- 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkylthioCι_ 6 alkyl, aminocarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl, hydroxycarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι. 6 alkyloxycarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι. 6 alkylcarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, C ! _ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, arylCι_ 6 alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Cι. 6 alkyl)aminoCι_ 6 alkyl; or a radical of formula -O-R 10 (b-1), -S-R 10 0 -2), -NR n R 12 ( -3), wherein R 10 is hydrogen, Cι_ 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι. 6 alkyloxycarbonylC]-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; R 1 1 is hydrogen, Cι- alkyl, aryl or arylCι- 6 alkyl; R 12 is hydrogen, C]_ 6 alkyl, aryl, hydroxy, amino, Cι_ 6 alkyloxy, Cι. 6 alkylcarbonylC]. 6 alkyl, arylCi- alkyl, C]_ 6 alkylcarbonylamino, mono- or di(Cι_ 6 alkyl)amino, Cι_ 6 alkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, haloCi_ 6 alkylcarbonyl, arylCι_ 6 alkylcarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, C]. 6 alkyloxyCι. 6 alkylcarbonyl, mono- or di(Cι_ alkyl)aminocarbonyl wherein the alkyl moiety may optionally be substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from aryl or Cι_ 3 alkyloxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylcarbonyl, mono- or di(Cι_6alkyl)aminoCι -6 alkylcarbonyl, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk is Cι_ 6 alkanediyl; R 13 is hydrogen, Cι -6 alkyl, Cι. 6 alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyCi _ 6 alkyl, aryl or arylC]. 6 alkyl; R 14 is hydrogen, Cι_ 6 alkyl, aryl or arylCι_ 6 alkyl; R 15 is hydrogen, Cι -6 alkyl, Cι„ 6 alkylcarbonyl, aryl or arylC 1-6 alkyl; R 4 is a radical of formula wherein R 16 is hydrogen, halo, aryl, C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxyC]_ 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyCμ alkyl, C]. 6 alkyloxy, Cι -6 alkylthio, amino, mono- or di(Cι -4 alkyl)amino, hydroxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylthioC]. 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkylS(O)C 1-6 alkyl or Ci. 6 alkylS(0) 2 Ci, 6 alkyl; R 16 may also be bound to one of the nitrogen atoms in the imidazole ring of formula (c-1) or (c-2), in which case the meaning of R 16 when bound to the nitrogen is limited to hydrogen, aryl, Cι_ 6 alkyl, hydroxyCi. alkyl, Cι-6alkyloxyCι. 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι.6alkylS(O)Cι_ 6 alkyl or Cι. 6 alkylS(O) 2 C,_ 6 alkyl; R 17 is hydrogen, Cι -6 alkyl, Cι- 6 alkyloxyCι_ 6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or di(Cι_ alkyl)aminosulfonyl; R 5 is Cι. 6 alkyl , Cι- 6 alkyloxy or halo; aryl is phenyl, naphthalenyl or phenyl substituted with 1 or more substituents each independently selected from halo, C h alky!, Cι- 6 alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl . The taxane compounds are a class of compounds having the taxane ring system and related to or derived from extracts from certain species of yew (Taxus) trees. These compounds have been found to have activity against tumor cell growth and certain compounds in this class have been used in the clinic for the treatment of various cancers. Thus, for example, paclitaxel is a diterpene isolated from the bark of the the yew tree, Taxus brevifolia, and can be produced by partial synthesis from 10- acetylbacctin, a precursor obtained from yew needles and twigs or by total synthesis, see Holton et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116; 1597-1601 (1994) and Nicholau et al, Nature 367:630 (1994). Paclitaxel has shown neoplastic activity and more recently it has been established that its antitumor activity is due to the promotion of microtubule polymerisation, Kumar N. J., Biol. Chem. 256: 1035-1041 (1981); Rowinsky et al. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82: 1247-1259 (1990); and Schiff et al, Nature 277:655-667 (1979). Paclitaxel has now demonstrated efficacy in several human tumors in clinical trials, McGuire et al , Ann. Int. Med. I l l: 273-279 (1989); Holmes et al, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83: 1797-1805 (1991); Kohn et al J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86: 18-24 (1994); and Kohn et al , American Society for Clinical Oncology, 12 (1993). Paclitaxel has for example been used for the treatment of ovarian cancer and also breast cancer. Another taxane compound which has been used in the clinic is docetaxel which has been shown to have particular efficacy in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Docetaxel has shown a better solubility in excipient systems than paclitaxel, therefore increasing the ease with which it can be handled and used in pharmaceutical compositions. There is therefore a need to increase the inhibitory efficacy of taxane compounds against tumor growth and also to provide a means for the use of lower dosages of taxane compounds to reduce the potential of adverse toxic side effects to the patient Certain investigations on a combination of a farnesyl transferase inhibitor and a taxane compound were reported at the 90 th Annual meeting of the Ameπcan Association for Cancer Research (10-14 Apπl 1999, Philadelphia, USA). In vitro expeπments in human tumor cells, an additive anti-tumor effect was observed with a combination of paclitaxel and the farnesyl transferase inhibitor (+)-6-[amιno(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl- lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-l-methyl-2(lH)-qumolιnone. In an in vitro mouse colon cancer (LoVo) model, an additive anti-tumor effect was also observed with a combination of paclitaxel and the above farnesyl transferase inhibitor. However, these results are not necessaπly predictive of the likely therapeutic effect of such a combination in the clinic It is an object of the invention to provide a therapeutic combination of a taxane compound and a farnesyl transferase inhibitor of the type descπbed above which has an advantageous inhibitory effect against tumor cell growth, in compaπson with the respective effects shown by the individual components of the combination. According to the invention therefore we provide a combination of a taxane compound and a farnesyl transferase inhibitor of formula (I), (TJ), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) above, in particular a compound of formula (I), (H) or (HI): (I) (ID (HI) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R is hydrogen, Ci_i2alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl, quinolinylCi_6alkyl, pyridyl- Cι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -galkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)- aminoCi-6alkyl, aminoCi-βalkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk 1 -C(=0)-R 9 , -Alki-S^)^ 9 or -Alk 1 -S(0)2-R 9 , wherein Alk 1 is Ci-6alkanediyl, R 9 is hydroxy, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-galkyloxy, amino, Ci-8alkylamino or Ci-8alkylamino substituted with Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl; R 2 , R3 and R ^ each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, hydroxyCi -6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyloxy, aminoCi-6alkyloxy, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCι_6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl, Ar 2 oxy, Ar 2 Cι_6alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, trihalomethyl. trihalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl, 4,4- dimethyloxazolyl; or when on adjacent positions R 2 and R-^ taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -0-CH2-0- (a-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (a-2), -0-CH=CH- (a-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (a-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R 4 and R^ each independently are hydrogen, halo, Ar 1 , Cι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi _6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl , Ci-βalkyloxy, Cι_6alkylthio, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl or Ci-6alkylS(0)2Ci-6alkyl; R^ and R 7 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ar 2 oxy, trihalomethyl, Ci-6alkylthio. di(Ci-6alkyl)amino, or when on adjacent positions R" and R ' taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (c-1), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (c-2), R& IS hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, Ci- 6 alkyl- carbonylCi-galkyl, cyanoCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, carboxy- Ci-6alkyl, hydroxyCi .βalkyl, amιnoCi-6alkyl, mono- or dι(Cι_6alkyl)amιno- Cι_6alkyl, lmidazolyl, haloCi-βalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, aminocarbonyl- Cι_6alkyl, or a radical of formula -O-RlO (b-1), -S-RlO (b-2), -N-RllRl2 (b-3), wherein hydrogen, Ci_6alkyl, Ci-βalkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonylCi-galkyl, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; R 1 1 ^ hydrogen, Cι_i2alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl; R 1 ιs hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-iβalkylcarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylammocarbonyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 C _6alkyl, Ci-βalkylcarbonyl- Ci-6alkyl, a natural amino acid, A^carbonyl, Ar 2 Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, ammocarbonylcarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci-6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, dι(Cι_6alkyl)amιnoCι_6alkylcarbonyl, ammo, Cι_6alkylamιno, Cι_6alkylcarbonylamιno, or a radical or formula -Alk 2 -OR 13 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk 2 is Ci-6alkanedιyl; R 3 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-ζalkylcarbonyl, hydroxy¬ Ci -6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl; R 14 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Ci- 6 alkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-βalkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl; R^is hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ar 1 ; R 18 ιs hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo; R 19 is hydrogen or Cι_ 6 alkyl; Ar 1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Cι_6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci_6alkyloxy or halo; and Ar 2 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci_6alkyl, hydroxy, ammo, Ci- alkyloxy or halo. O 01/64199 _ _. PCT/EPO 1/02170 -lo- The above descπbed combinations are hereinafter referred to as combinations according to the invention. These combinations may provide a synergistic effect whereby they demonstrate an advantageous therapeutic effect which is greater than that which would have been expected from the effects of the individual components of the combinations. In Formulas (I), (π) and (III), R 4 or R^ may also be bound to one of the nitrogen atoms in the lmidazole πng. In that case the hydrogen on the nitrogen is replaced by R 4 or R^ and the meaning of R 4 and R^ when bound to the nitrogen is limited to hydrogen, Ar 1 , Ci-6alkyl, hydroxyCi -όalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylS(0)2Cι_6alkyl. Preferably the substituent R 18 is situated on the 5 or 7 position of the qumo none moiety and substituent R 19 is situated on the 8 position when R 1 ^ is on the 7-posιtιon Interesting compounds are these compounds of formula (I) wherein X is oxygen. Also interesting compounds are these compounds of formula (I) wherein the dotted line represents a bond, so as to form a double bond. Another group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 1 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιnoCi-6alkyl. or a radical of formula -Alk 1 -C(=O)-R 9 , wherein Alk 1 is methylene and R 9 is Ci-8alkyl- amino substituted with Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl. Still another group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 3 is hydrogen or halo; and R 2 is halo, Cι_6alkyl, C2-6alkenyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, tπhalomethoxy or hydroxyCi-6alkyloxy. A further group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R 2 and R 3 are on adjacent positions and taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula (a-1), (a-2) or (a-3). A still further group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R^ is hydrogen and R 4 is hydrogen or Ci-6alkyl. Yet another group of interesting compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R^ is hydrogen; and R^ IS Ci-6alkyl or halo, preferably chloro, especially 4-chloro A particular group of compounds are those compounds of formula (I) wherein R° is hydrogen, hydroxy, haloCi-βalkyl, hydroxyCi _6alkyl, cyanoCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy- carbonylCi-6alkyl, lmidazolyl, or a radical of formula -NR^R 2 wherein R 1 1 is hydrogen or Cι_i2alkyl and R 2 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-ζalkyloxy, hydroxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, or a radical of formula -Alk 2 -OR 13 wherein R 13 is hydrogen or Cι_6alkyl. Preferred compounds are those compounds wherein R is hydrogen, Cμόalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, dι(Ci-6alkyl)ammoCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk 1 -C(=0)-R 9 , wherein Alk 1 is methylene and R 9 is Ci-8alkylamιno substituted with Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl; R 2 is halo, Ci-ζalkyl, C2-6alkenyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, tπhalomethoxy, hydroxyCi-ζalkyloxy or Ar 1 ; R 3 is hydrogen, R 4 is methyl bound to the nitrogen in 3-posιtιon of the imidazole; R^ IS hydrogen; R" is chloro; R^ IS hydrogen, R8 IS hydrogen, hydroxy, haloCi-6alkyl, hydroxyCi _6alkyl, cyanoCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, lmidazolyl, or a radical of formula -NR^R 12 wherein R 1 1 is hydrogen or Ci-i2alkyl and R 12 is hydrogen. Ci-6alkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, or a radical of formula -Alk -OR 13 wherein R 13 ts Ci-6alkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen and R 18 is hydrogen. Most preferred compounds are 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-[(4-chlorophenyl)hydroxy(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]- l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnohnone, 6-[ammo(4-chlorophenyl)-l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-ylmethyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)- l-methyl-2(lH)-qumohnone; 6-[(4-chlorophenyl)hydroxy(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxyphenyl)- l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnohnone; 6-[(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxyphenyl)-l-methyl- 2(lH)-qumohnone monohydrochloπde.monohydrate, 6-[amιno(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxyphenyl)-l- methyl-2(lH)-quιnohnone, 6-ammo(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-l-methyl-4-(3- propylphenyl)-2(lH)-qumohnone, a stereoisomeπc form thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt; and (+)-6-[ammo(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)- l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnolιnone (Compound 75 in Table 1 of the Expeπmental part of WO-97/21701) ; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. The latter compound is especially preferred. Further preferred embodiments of the present invention include compounds of formula (IX) wherein one or more of the following restπctions apply. • =X 1 -X 2 -X 3 is a tπvalent radical of formula (x-1), (x-2), (x-3), (x-4) or (x-9) wherein each R independently is hydrogen, Ci alkyl, C \ 4 alkyloxycarbonyl, ammo or aryl and R 7 is hydrogen, • >Y*-Y 2 - is a tπvalent radical of formula (y-1), (y-2), (y-3), or (y-4) wherein each R 9 independently is hydrogen, halo, carboxyl, Ci 4 alkyl or Ci alkyloxycarbonyl, • R 1 is halo, C) 6 alkyl or two R 1 substituents ortho to one another on the phenyl πng may independently form together a bivalent radical of formula (a-1); • R is halo; • R J is halo or a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-3) wherein R 10 is hydrogen or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 13 . R 11 is hydrogen; • R 12 is hydrogen, Cι_ 6 alkyl, C* 6 alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci 6 alkyloxy or mono- or dι(C i 6 alkyl)ammoC i . 6 alkylcarbonyl , Alk is Ci 6 alkanedιyl and R 13 is hydrogen; R . 4 is a radical of formula (c-1) or (c-2) wherein R 1 16 is hydrogen, halo or mono- or dι(Cι. alkyl)ammo; R 17 is hydrogen or Ci 6 alkyl; • aryl is phenyl. A particular group of compounds consists of those compounds of formula (IX) wherein =X'-X 2 -X 3 is a tπvalent radical of formula (x-1), (x-2), (x-3), (x-4) or (x-9), >Y1-Y2 is a tπvalent radical of formula (y-2), (y-3) or (y-4), r is 0 or 1, s is 1, t is 0, R 1 is halo, C ( i - ) alkyl or forms a bivalent radical of formula (a-1), R 2 is halo or Ci 4 alkyl, R 3 is hydrogen or a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-3), R 4 is a radical of formula (c-1) or (c-2), R 6 is hydrogen, Cj alkyl or phenyl, R 7 is hydrogen, R 9 is hydrogen or Ci alkyl, R 10 is hydrogen or -Alk-OR 13 , R 1 1 is hydrogen and R 12 is hydrogen or Ci-βalkylcarbonyl and R 13 is hydrogen; 1 9 1 Preferred compounds are those compounds of formula (IX) wherein =X -X -X is a tπvalent radical of formula (x-1) or (x-4), >Y1-Y2 is a tπvalent radical of formula (y- 4), r is 0 or 1, s is 1, t is 0, R 1 is halo, preferably chloro and most preferably 3-chloro, R is halo, preferably 4-chloro or 4-fluoro, R is hydrogen or a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-3), R 4 is a radical of formula (c-1) or (c-2), R 6 is hydrogen, R 7 is hydrogen, R 9 is hydrogen, R 10 is hydrogen, R 1 1 is hydrogen and R 12 is hydrogen; Other preferred compounds are those compounds of formula (IX) wherein =X*-X 2 -X 3 is a trivalent radical of formula (x-2), (x-3) or (x-4), >Y1-Y2 is a trivalent radical of formula (y-2), (y-3) or (y-4). r and s are 1, t is 0, R 1 is halo, preferably chloro, and most preferably 3-chloro or R 1 is C 1 -4 alkyl, preferably 3-methyl, R 2 is halo, preferably chloro, and most preferably 4-chloro, R 3 is a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-3), R 4 is a radical of formula (c-2), R 6 is Cι_ alkyl, R 9 is hydrogen, R 10 and R 1 1 are hydrogen and R 12 is hydrogen or hydroxy. The most preferred compounds of formula (IX) are 7-[(4-fluorophenyl)(lH-imidazol-l-yl)methyl]-5-phenylimidazo[l,2-a]quinoline; α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)-5-phenylimidazo[l,2-a]quinoline- 7-methanol; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)- -(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)-imidazo- [l,2-a]quinoline-7-methanol; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)imidazo- [l,2-a]quinoline-7-methanamine; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)tetrazolo- [l,5-a]quinoline-7-methanamine; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-l-methyl- -(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)- l,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoline-7-methanol; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)- -(4-chlorophenyl)- -(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)tetrazolo- [l,5-a]quinoline-7-methanamine; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)tetrazolo- [ 1 ,5-a]quinazoline-7-methanol ; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro- -(l -methyl- lH-imidazol- 5-yl)tetrazolo[l,5-a]quinazoline-7-methanol; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l -methyl- lH-imi dazol-5-yl)tetrazolo- [l,5-a]quinazoline-7-methanamine; 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-hydroxy-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)- tetrahydro[l,5-a]quinoline-7-methanamine; α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)-5-(3-methylphenyl)tetrazolo- [l,5-a]quinoline-7-methanamine; the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof. 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)tetrazolo- [l,5-a]qumazolme-7-methanamιne, especially the (-) enantiomer, and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are especially preferred. As used in the foregoing definitions and hereinafter halo defines fluoro, chloro, bromo and lodo, C -βalkyl defines straight and branched chained saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like; Cι_8alkyl encompasses the straight and branched chained saturated hydrocarbon radicals as defined in Ci-6alkyl as well as the higher homologues thereof containing 7 or 8 carbon atoms such as, for example heptyl or octyl; Ci-i2alkyl again encompasses Ci-8alkyl and the higher homologues thereof containing 9 to 12 carbon atoms, such as, for example, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, Ci-i6alkyl again encompasses Ci-i2alkyl and the higher homologues thereof containing 13 to 16 carbon atoms, such as, for example, tπdecyl, tetradecyl, pentedecyl and hexadecyl; C2-6 a lkenyl defines straight and branched chain hydrocarbon radicals containing one double bond and having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as, for example, ethenyl, 2-propenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, and the like; Cι_6alkanedιyl defines bivalent straight and branched chained saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as, for example, methylene, 1,2-ethanedιyl, 1,3-propanedιyl, 1,4-butanedιyl, 1,5-pentanedιyl, 1,6-hexanedιyl and the branched isomers thereof The term "C(=O)" refers to a carbonyl group, "S(O)" refers to a sulfoxide and "S(0)2" to a sulfon. The term "natural amino acid" refers to a natural amino acid that is bound via a covalent amide linkage formed by loss of a molecule of water between the carboxyl group of the amino acid and the amino group of the remainder of the molecule. Examples of natural amino acids are glycine, alamne, vahne, leucine, isoleucine, methionme, prohne, phenylanalme, tryptophan, seπne, threonine, cysteine, tyrosme, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, argmme, histidine. The pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts as mentioned heremabove are meant to compπse the therapeutically active non-toxic acid and non-toxic base addition salt forms which the compounds of formulas (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI). (VH), (VIII) or (IX) are able to form. The compounds of formulas (I), (H), (HI), (TV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VIH) or (IX) which have basic properties can be converted in their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts by treating said base form with an appropπate acid. Appropπate acids compπse, for example, inorganic acids such as hydrohahc acids, e.g. hydrochloπc or hydrobromic acid, sulfuπc; nitπc; phosphoπc and the like acids; or organic acids such as, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxyacetic, lactic, pyruvic, oxalic, malonic, succmic (1 e butanedioic acid), maleic, fumaπc, malic, tartaπc, citπc, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, cyclamic, salicylic, p-aminosalicyhc, pamoic and the like acids. The compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) which have acidic properties may be converted in their pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts by treating said acid form with a suitable organic or inorganic base. Appropπate base salt forms compπse, for example, the ammonium salts, the alkali and earth alkaline metal salts, e.g. the lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium salts and the like, salts with organic bases, e g the benzathine, N-methyl-D-glucamme, hydrabamine salts, and salts with ammo acids such as, for example, arginine, lysme and The terms acid or base addition salt also compπse the hydrates and the solvent addition forms which the compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) are able to form. Examples of such forms are e.g hydrates, alcoholates and the like. The term stereochemically isomeπc forms of compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX), as used hereinbefore, defines all possible compounds made up of the same atoms bonded by the same sequence of bonds but having different three-dimensional structures which are not interchangeable, which the compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) may possess Unless otherwise mentioned or indicated, the chemical designation of a compound encompasses the mixture of all possible stereochemically isomeπc forms which said compound may possess. Said mixture may contain all diastereomers and/or enantiomers of the basic molecular structure of said compound. All stereochemically isomeπc forms of the compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) both in pure form or in admixture with each other are intended to be embraced within the scope of the present invention. Some of the compounds of formulae (I), (H), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) or (IX) may also exist in their tautomeπc forms. Such forms although not explicitly indicated in the above formula are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. Whenever used hereinafter, the term "compounds of formulae (I), (H), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VET) or (IX)" is meant to include also the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and all stereoisomeπc forms. The taxane compound used in the combinations according to the invention is preferably paclitaxel or docetaxel referred to above. Paclitaxel is available commercially for example under the trade name Taxol from Bπstol Myers Squibb and docetaxel is available commercially under the trade name Taxotere from Rhone- Poulenc Rorer Both compounds and other taxane compounds may be prepared in conventional manner for example as descπbed in EP 253738, EP 253739 and WO 92/09589 or by processes analogous thereto The present invention also relates to combinations according to the invention for use in medical therapy for example for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. The present invention also relates to the use of combinations according to the invention for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. The present invention also relates to a method of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells in a human subject which compπses administeπng to the subject an effective amount of a combination according to the invention. This invention further provides a method for inhibiting the abnormal growth of cells, including transformed cells, by administeπng an effective amount of a combination according to the invention. Abnormal growth of cells refers to cell growth independent of normal regulatory mechanisms (e.g. loss of contact inhibition). This includes the abnormal growth of : (1) tumor cells (tumors) expressing an activated ras oncogene; (2) tumor cells in which the ras protein is activated as a result of oncogemc mutation of another gene; (3) benign and malignant cells of other prohferative diseases in which aberrant ras activation occurs. Furthermore, it has been suggested in literature that ras oncogenes not only contπbute to the growth of of tumors in vivo by a direct effect on tumor cell growth but also indirectly, i.e. by facilitating tumor-induced angiogenesis (Rak. J. et al, Cancer Research, 55, 4575-4580, 1995). Hence, pharmacologically targett g mutant ras oncogenes could conceivably suppress solid tumor growth in vivo, in part, by inhibiting tumor-induced angiogenesis. This invention also provides a method for inhibiting tumor growth by admmisteπng an effective amount of a combination according to the present invention, to a subject, e g a mammal (and more particularly a human) in need of such treatment. In particular, this invention provides a method for inhibiting the growth of tumors expressing an activated ras oncogene by the administration of an effective amount of combination according to the present invention. Examples of tumors which may be inhibited include, but are not limited to, lung cancer (e.g. adenocarcinoma and including non- small cell lung cancer), pancreatic cancers (e.g. pancreatic carcinoma such as, for example exocrine pancreatic carcinoma), colon cancers (e.g. colorectal carcinomas, such as, for example, colon adenocarcinoma and colon adenoma), hematopoietic tumors of lymphoid lineage (e.g. acute lymphocytic leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma), myeloid leukemias (for example, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)), thyroid follicular cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), tumors of mesenchymal origin (e.g. fibrosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas), melanomas, teratocarcinomas, neuroblastomas, gliomas, benign tumor of the skin (e.g. keratoacanthomas), breast carcinoma (e.g. advanced breast cancer), kidney carninoma, ovary carcinoma, bladder carcinoma and epidermal carcinoma. This invention also provides a method for inhibiting proliferative diseases, both benign and malignant, wherein ras proteins are aberrantly activated as a result of oncogenic mutation in genes, i.e. the ras gene itself is not activated by mutation to an oncogenic mutation to an oncogenic form, with said inhibition being accomplished by the administration of an effective amount of a combination according to the invention, to a subject in need of such a treatment. For example, the benign proliferative disorder neurofibromatosis, or tumors in which ras is activated due to mutation or overexpression of tyrosine kinase oncogenes may be inhibited by the combinations according to the invention. The taxane compound and the farnesyl transferase inhibitor may be administered simultaneously (e.g. in separate or unitary compositions) or sequentially in either order. In the latter case, the two compounds will be administered within a period and in an amount and manner that is sufficient to ensure that an advantageous or synergistic effect is achieved. It will be appreciated that the preferred method and order of administration and the respective dosage amounts and regimes for each component of the combination will depend on the particular taxane compound and farnesyl transferase inhibitor being administered, their route of administration, the particular tumor being treated and the particular host being treated. The optimum method and order of administration and the dosage amounts and regime can be readily determined by those skilled in the art using conventional methods and in view of the information set out herein. The farnesyl transferase inhibitor is advantageously administered in an effective amount of from 0.0001 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg body weight, and in particular from 0.001 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg body weight. More particularly, for an adult patient, the dosage is conveniently in the range of 50 to 500mg bid, advantageously 100 to 400 mg bid and particularly 300mg bid. The taxane compound is advantageously administered in a dosage of 50 to 400 mg per square meter (mg/m 2 ) of body surface area, for example 75 to 250 mg/m 2 , particularly for paclitaxel in a dosage of about 175 to 250 mg m 2 and for docetaxel in about 75 to 150 mg/m 2 per course of treatment. These dosages may be administered for example once, twice or more per course of treatment, which may be repeated for example every 7, 14, 21 or 28 days. It is especially preferred to administer the farnesyl tranferase inhibitor at a dosage of 100 or 200mg bid for 7, 14, 21 or 28 days with a dosage of the taxane compound in the ranges indicated above. In view of their useful pharmacological properties, the components of the combinations according to the invention, i.e. the taxane compound and the farnesyl transferase inhibitor may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes. The components may formulated separately in individual pharmaceutical compositions or in a unitary pharmaceutical composition containing both components. Farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors can be prepared and formulated into pharmaceutical compositions by methods known in the art and in particular according to the methods described in the published patent specifications mentioned herein and incorporated by reference; for the compounds of formulae (I), (H) and (HI) suitable examples can be found in WO-97/21701. Compounds of formulae (IV), (V), and (VI) can be prepared and formulated using methods described in WO 97/16443, compounds of formulae (VH) and (VHI) according to methods described in WO 98/40383 and WO 98/49157 and compounds of formula (IX) according to methods described in WO 00/39082 respectively. The present invention therefore also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a taxane compound and a farnesyl tranferase inhibitor of formula (I) together with one or more pharmaceutical carriers. To prepare pharmaceutical compositions for use in accordance with the invention, an effective amount of a particular compound, in base or acid addition salt form, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable earner, which earner may take a wide vaπety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration. These pharmaceutical compositions are desirably in unitary dosage form suitable, preferably, for administration orally, rectally, percutaneously, or by parenteral injection. For example, in prepanng the compositions in oral dosage form, any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations such as suspensions, syrups, elixirs and solutions; or solid earners such as starches, sugars, kaolin, lubncants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of powders, pills, capsules and tablets. Because of their ease in administration, tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit form, in which case solid pharmaceutical earners are obviously employed. For parenteral compositions, the earner will usually compnse stenle water, at least in large part, though other ingredients, to aid solubility for example, may be included Injectable solutions, for example, may be prepared in which the earner compπses saline solution, glucose solution or a mixture of saline and glucose solution. Injectable suspensions may also be prepared in which case appropnate liquid earners, suspending agents and the like may be employed. In the compositions suitable for percutaneous administration, the earner optionally compnses a penetration enhancing agent and/or a suitable wetting agent, optionally combined with suitable additives of any nature in minor proportions, which additives do not cause a significant deleteπous effect to the skin. Said additives may facilitate the administration to the skin and/or may be helpful for prepanng the desired compositions. These compositions may be administered in vanous ways, e g., as a transdermal patch, as a spot-on, as an ointment It is especially advantageous to formulate the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used in the specification and claims herein refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical earner. Examples of such dosage unit forms are tablets (including scored or coated tablets), capsules, pills, powder packets, wafers, injectable solutions or suspensions, teaspoonfuls, tablespoonfuls and the like, and segregated multiples thereof. It may be appropπate to administer the required dose of each component of the - o- combination as two, three, four or more sub-doses at appropnate intervals throughout the course of treatment Said sub-doses may be formulated as unit dosage forms, for example, in each case containing independently 0.01 to 500 mg, for example 0.1 to 200 mg and in particular 1 to lOOmg of each active ingredient per unit dosage form Expenmental Testing of Combinations for Inhibition of Tumor Growth The combinations according to the invention may be tested for their efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth using conventional assays descnbed in the literature for example the HTB 177 lung carcinoma descπbed by Liu M et al, Cancer Research, Vol. 58, No.21, 1 November 1998, pages 4947-4956, and the anti-mitotic assay descnbed by Moasser M et al, Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol 95, pages 1369-1374, February 1998. Other in vitro and in vivo models for determining ant-tumor effects of combinations and possible synergy of the combinations according to the invention are descnbed in WO 98/54966 and WO 98/32114. Clinical models for determining the efficacy and possible synergism for combination therapy in the clinic are generally descnbed in Cancer: Pnnciples and Practice of Oncology, Fifth Edition, edited by Vincent T DeVita, Jr., Samuel Hellman, Steven A. Rosenberg, Lippmcott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1997, especially Chapter 17, pages 342-346.

Claims: Claims 1. A combination of a taxane compound and a farnesyl transferase inhibitor selected from compounds of formulae (I), (II), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) and (IX) below: (I) (II) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R 1 is hydrogen, Ci_i2alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl, quinolinylCι_6alkyl, pyridylCi-6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCι_6alkyl, aminoCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk 1 -C(=0)-R 9 , -Alki-S^-R 9 or -Alki-S(0)2-R 9 , wherein Alk 1 is Ci-6alkanediyl, R 9 is hydroxy, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy, amino, Cι_8alkylamino or Ci-8alkylamino substituted with Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl; R 2 , R 3 and R 1 ^ each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, hydroxyCi -6 lkyloxy, Cι_6alkyloxyCι_6alkyloxy, aminoCi-6alkyl- oxy, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCι_6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl, Ar 2 oxy, Ar 2 Cι_6alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, trihalomethyl, trihalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl, 4,4-dimethyloxazolyl; or when on adjacent positions R 2 and R 3 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (a-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (a-2), -0-CH=CH- (a-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (a-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R 4 and R^ each independently are hydrogen, halo, Ar 1 , Cι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, C _6alkyloxy, Cι_6alkylthio, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl or Ci-6alkylS(0)2Ci-6alkyl; R6 and R^ each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ar 2 oxy, trihalomethyl, Ci-βalkylthio, di(Cι_6alkyl)amino, or when on adjacent positions R" and R' taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (c-1), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (c-2); R8 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonylCi-6alkyl, cyanoCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, carboxyC -galkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, aminoCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)- aminoCi-6alkyl, imidazolyl, haloCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, aminocarbonylCi-βalkyl, or a radical of formula -O-RiO (b-1), _S-R10 (b-2), -N-Ri iR 12 (b-3), wherein R ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 , Ar Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; R is hydrogen, Ci-i2alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar Cι_6alkyl; R 12 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-i6alkylcarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylaminocarbonyl, Ar 1 , Ar Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl- Ci-6alkyl, a natural amino acid, Aricarbonyl, Ar 2 Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonylcarbonyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, C -ζalkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCi_6alkylcarbonyl, amino, Ci-6alkylamino, C _6alkylcarbonylamino, or a radical or formula -Alk 2 -OR 13 or -Alk 2 -NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk 2 is Ci-6alkanediyl; R 13 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy- Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Cι_6alkyl, R 14 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl, R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 or Ar Ci-6alkyl; R 1 "7 is hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ar 1 ; R ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo, R 9 is hydrogen or Ci-6alkyl; Ar 1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci-6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Cι_6alkyloxy or halo; and Ar 2 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Cι_6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo. (IV) (V) (VI) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts and the stereochemically isomeπc forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond; X is oxygen or sulfur; R 1 is hydrogen, Ci-I2alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci_6alkyl, quιnohnylCi-6alkyl, pyπdyl- Cι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)- ammoCi_6alkyl, aminoCi- alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk 1 -C(=0)-R 9 , or -Alk 1 -S(0)2-R 9 , wherein Alk is Ci-6alkanedιyl, R 9 is hydroxy, C _6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, amino, Cι_8alkylamino or Cι_8alkylamino substituted with Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl; R 2 and R 3 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-galkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, hydroxyCi -βalkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, amino- Ci-6alkyloxy, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCi-6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Ci-6alkyl, Ar 2 oxy, Ar Ci-6alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, trihalomethyl, trihalomethoxy, C2-6 a lkenyl; or when on adjacent positions R 2 and R 3 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -0-CH2-0- (a-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (a-2), -0-CH=CH- (a-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (a-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R 4 and R 5 each independently are hydrogen, Ar 1 , Ci-βalkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyCι.6alkyl, Ci_ 6 alkyloxy, Cι_ 6 alkylthio, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, Cι. 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι- 6 alkylS(0)Cι_ 6 alkyl or C,_ 6 alkylS(0) 2 Ci- 6 alkyl; R6 and R "7 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, C -βalkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy or Ar 2 oxy; R^ is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl, Ci- alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkyl- carbonylCι_6alkyl, cyanoCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCι_6alkyl, hydroxy- carbonylCι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi-6alkyl, aminoCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Cι_6alkyl)- aminoCi-6alkyl, haloCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, aminocarbonylCi-6alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar 2 Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylthioCι_6alkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo; R 1 1 is hydrogen or Ci-6alkyl; Ar 1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Cι_6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo; Ar 2 is phenyl or phenyl substituted with Cι_6alkyl, hydroxy, amino, Ci-6alkyloxy or halo. the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomenc forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond, X is oxygen or sulfur, -A- is a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH- (a-1), CH 2 -S- (a-6), -CH2-CH2- (a-2), CH2-CH2-S- (a-7), -CH2-CH2-CH2- (a-3), CH=N- (a-8), -CH2-O- (a-4), ■ N=N- (a-9), or -CH2-CH2-O- (a-5), CO-NH- (a-10), wherein optionally one hydrogen atom may be replaced by Cι_4alkyl or Ar 1 ; R 1 and R 2 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, tπhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl, Ci-βalkyloxy, hydroxyCi _6alkyloxy, C _6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, Ci-βalkyloxycarbonyl, amιnoCi-6alkyloxy, mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιnoCι_6alkyloxy, Ar 2 , Ar 2 -Ci-6alkyl, Ar 2 -oxy, Ar 2 -Ci-6alkyloxy; or when on adjacent positions R 1 and R 2 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (b-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (b-2), -0-CH=CH- (b-3), -O-CH2-CH2- (b-4), -O-CH2-CH2-CH2- (b-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (b-6); R 3 and R 4 each independently < ire hydrogen, halo, cyano, C -βalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ar 3 -oxy, Ci-6alkylthιo, dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιno, tnhalomethyl, tπhalomethoxy, or when on adjacent positions R 3 and R 4 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-O- (c-1), -O-CH2-CH2-O- (c-2), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (c-3); R* is a radical of formula wherein R 3 is hydrogen, halo, Ar 4 , Ci-6alkyl, hydroxyCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy- Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkylthιo, am o, Cι _6alkyloxy- carbonyl, Cι_6alkylS(0)Ci-6alkyl or Cι_6alkylS(0)2Ci-6alkyl; R 1 ιs hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl or dι(Ci-4alkyl)ammosulfonyl, R6 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, Cι_6alkyl, cyano, haloCι_6alkyl, hydroxyCi -6 a lkyl, cyanoCι_6alkyl, aminoCi-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl, C i _6alkylthioC i _6alkyl, aminocarbonylC l _6alkyl , C i _6alkyloxycarbonylC i -6alkyl , C i -6alkylcarbonyl-C i _6alkyl , Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or di(Ci-6alkyl)aminoCι_6alkyl, Ar^, Ar5-Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl; or a radical of formula -O-RV (e-1), -S-R7 (e-2), -N-R8R 9 (e-3), wherein R 7 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ar^, Ar6-Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonylCι_6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 10 or -Alk-NR R 12 ; R8 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ar "7 or Ar^-Ci-όalkyl; R 9 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Cι _6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylaminocarbonyl, Ar^, Ar^-Ci-όalkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl- Ci-6alkyl, Ar^-carbonyl, Ar^-Ci-όalkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl- carbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci-6alkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, di(Cι_6alkyl)aminoCι _6alkylcarbonyl, amino, Ci-6alkylamino, Cι_6alkylcarbonylamino, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 10 or -Alk-NR 1 l R u ; wherein Alk is Cι_6alkanediyl; R 10 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-βalkylcarbonyl, hydroxyCi -όalkyl, Ar 9 or Ar -Ci-6alkyl; R 1 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 10 or Ar 10 -Ci-6alkyl; R 12 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 or Ar^-Ci-όalkyl; and Ar 1 to Ar 1 are each independently selected from phenyl; or phenyl substituted with halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy or trifluoromethyl. the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein the dotted line represents an optional bond, X is oxygen or sulfur; R 1 and R 2 each independently are hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, Ci-βalkyl, tnhalomethyl, tnhalomethoxy, C2-6alkenyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, hydroxyCi -βalkyloxy, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, amιnoCi_6alkyloxy, mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)ammoCi-6alkyloxy, Ar 1 , Aτ^C\.βaXky], Ar y or AriCi-βalkyloxy; R 3 and R 4 each independently are hydrogen, halo, cyano, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy, Ario y, Ci-βalkylthio, dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιno, tπhalomethyl or tπhalomethoxy; R^ IS hydrogen, halo, Ci-6alkyl, cyano, haloCi-6alkyl, hydroxyCi _6alkyl, cyanoCι_6alky], aminoCi-βalkyl, Cι_6alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, C _6alkylthιoCi-6alkyl, amιnocarbonylCi-6alkyl, C 1 -6alkyloxycarbonylC i -galkyl , C i -6alkylcarbonyl-C l -6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or dι(Cι_6alkyl)ammoCi-6alkyl, Ar 1 , Ar^i-όalkyloxyCi-όalkyl; or a radical of formula .O-RlO (a-1), _S-R10 (a-2), -N-Rl lRl2 (a-3), wherein R 10 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 , AriCi-βalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonylCi-6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; R ! is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or A^Ci-galkyl; R 12 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Cι_6alkylcarbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxycarbonyl, Ci-6alkylamιnocarbonyl, Ar 1 , Ar^i-όalkyl, Ci-^alkylcarbonyl- Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 carbon yl, Ar^ -βalkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl- carbonyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, Ci-galkyloxy, aminocarbonyl, dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιnoCι_6alkylcarbonyl, ammo, C i -6alkylammo, C i -6alkylcarbonylammo, or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk is Ci-6alkanedιyl; R 13 is hydrogen, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy- Cι_6alkyl, Ar 1 or R 14 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ar 1 or AriCi-όalkyl; R 1 ^ is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkylcarbonyl, Ar 1 or AriCi-όalkyl; R" IS a radical of formula /^ N — N (b- 1), (b-2), R .6 IST R 17 wherein R^is hydrogen, halo, Ar 1 , Cι_6alkyl, hydroxyC -όalkyl, Ci-βalkyloxy- Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, Cι_6alkylthio, amino, Cι_6alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylthioCι_6alkyl, Ci_6alkylS(0)Cι -όalkyl or Ci-6alkylS(0)2Cι_6alkyl; R^is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl or di(Ci_4alkyl)aminosulfonyl; R is hydrogen or Ci -όalkyl provided that the dotted line does not represent a bond; R 8 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl or Ar CH2 or Het 1 CH2; R 9 is hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl , Ci-βalkyloxy or halo; or R8 and R 9 taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH- (c-1), -CH2-CH2- (c-2), -CH2-CH2-CH2- (c-3), -CH2-O- (c-4), or -CH2-CH2-O- (c-5); Ar 1 is phenyl; or phenyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Cι_6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl; Ar 2 is phenyl; or phenyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Ci-6alkyl, Cι_6alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl; and Het 1 is pyridinyl; pyridinyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each independently selected from halo, Ci -όalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl and or the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein =X'-X 2 -X 3 - is a trivalent radical of formula =N-CR 6 =CR 7 - (x-1), =CR 6 -CR 7 =CR 8 - (x-6), =N-N=CR - (x-2), =CR 6 -N=CR 7 - (x-7), =N-NH-C(=0)- (x-3), =CR 6 -NH-C(=0)- (x-8), or =N-N=N- (x-4), =CR 6 -N=N- (x-9); =N-CR 6 =N- (x-5), wherein each R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, Cι- alkyl, hydroxy, Cι -4 alkyloxy, aryloxy, C]. 4 alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxyCi _ 4 alkyl, Cι_ alkyloxyC]_ 4 alkyl, mono- or di(Cι- alkyl)aminoCι. alkyl, cyano, amino, thio, Cι_ 4 alkylthio, aryl thio or aryl; >Y -Y - is a trivalent radical of formula >CH-CHR 9 - (y-i), >C=N- (y- 2 ), >CH-NR 9 - (y-3),or >C=CR 9 - (y- 4 ); wherein each R 9 independently is hydrogen, halo, halocarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, hydroxyCi _ 4 alkyl, cyano, carboxyl, Cι- alkyl, Cι_ alkyloxy, Cι -4 alkyloxyCι_ 4 alkyl, Cι_ alkyloxycarbonyl, mono- or di(C]_ alkyl)amino, mono- or di(Cι. 4 alkyl)amιnoCι_ alkyl, aryl; r and s are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; t is O, 1, 2 or 3; each R 1 and R 2 are independently hydroxy, halo, cyano, Cι_6alkyl, trihalomethyl, trihalomethoxy, C 2-6 alkenyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxy, Cι- 6 alkyloxyCι. 6 alkyloxy, Cι_ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, aminoCι_ 6 alkyloxy, mono- or di(C]_ 6 alkyl)amino, mono- or di(Cι- 6 alkyl)aminoCι_ 6 alkyloxy, aryl, arylCι_ alkyl, aryloxy or arylCι_ 6 alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, aminoCi-βalkyl, mono- or di(Cι_ 6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl, mono- or di(Cι. 6 alkyl)ammoCι -6 alkyl; or two R 1 or R 2 substituents adjacent to one another on the phenyl ring may independently form together a bivalent radical of formula -0-CH 2 -0- (a- 1 )- -0-CH 2 -CH 2 -0- (a-2), -0=CH=CH- (a-3), -0-CH 2 -CH 2 - (a-4), -O-CH 2 -CH 2 - CH 2 - (a-5), or -CH=CH-CH=CH- (a-6); R 3 is hydrogen, halo, Cι_ 6 alkyl, cyano, haloC]. 6 alkyl, hydroxyCi _ 6 alkyl, cyanoCi_ 6 alkyl, aminoCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyCι -6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkylthioCι_ 6 alkyl, aminocarbonylCι- 6 alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl, hydroxycarbonylCi-βalkyl, Cι -6 alkyloxycarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι. 6 alkylcarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, Cι- alkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, arylCι_ 6 alkyloxyCi-6alkyl, mono- or di(Cι_ 6 alkyl)aminoCι -6 alkyl; or a radical of formula -O-R 10 (b-1), -S-R 10 (b-2), -NR n R 12 (b-3), wherein R 10 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, Cι- 6 alkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylCi-ealkyl, Cι -6 alkyloxycarbonylCι_6alkyl, or a radical of formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; R 11 is hydrogen, Cι -6 alkyl, aryl or R 1 7 is hydrogen, Cι -6 alkyl, aryl, hydroxy, amino, Cι_ 6 alkyloxy, Cι -6 alkylcarbonylCι_ 6 alkyl, arylCι. 6 alkyl, Ci-όalkylcarbonylamino, mono- or di(C]. 6 alkyl)amino, Cι -6 alkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, haloCι_ alkylcarbonyl, arylCι_ 6 alkylcarbonyl, Cι. 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyC]. 6 alkylcarbonyl, mono- or di(Ci- 6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl wherein the alkyl moiety may optionally be substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from aryl or Cι_ 3 alkyloxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylcarbonyl, mono- or di(Cι_ 6 alkyl)aminoCι. 6 alkylcarbonyl. or a radical or formula -Alk-OR 13 or -Alk-NR 14 R 15 ; wherein Alk is Cι. 6 alkanediyl; R 13 is hydrogen, Cι. 6 alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyCi _ 6 alkyl, aryl or arylCι_ 6 alkyl; R 14 is hydrogen, Cι_ 6 alkyl, aryl or arylCι_ 6 alkyl; R 15 is hydrogen, Cι. 6 alkyl, C]. alkylcarbonyl, aryl or arylCι -6 alkyl; R 4 is a radical of formula (c-2), wherein R , 16 i •s hydrogen, halo, aryl, Cι_ 6 alkyl, hydroxyCi -6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyCι- alkyl. Cι. 6 alkyloxy, Cι_ 6 alkylthio, amino, mono- or di(Cι- 4 alkyl)amino, hydroxycarbonyl, C]. 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_6alkylthioCι- 6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylS(0)Ci. 6 alkyl or C,. 6 alkylS(0) 2 Ci. 6 alkyl; R 16 may also be bound to one of the nitrogen atoms in the imidazole ring of formula (c-1) or (c-2), in which case the meaning of R 16 when bound to the nitrogen is limited to hydrogen, aryl, C]. 6 alkyl, hydroxyCi. 6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxyCι -6 alkyl, Cι_ 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, Cι_ 6 alkylS(O)Cι_ alkyl or Ci. 6 alkylS(0) 2 C, -6 alkyl; R 17 is hydrogen, C). alkyl, d. 6 alkyloxyCι- 6 alkyl, arylCι. 6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or di(Cι- alkyl)aminosulfonyl; R 5 is Cι -6 alkyl , or halo; aryl is phenyl, naphthalenyl or phenyl substituted with 1 or more substituents each independently selected from halo, C]_ 6 alkyl, Cι- 6 alkyloxy or trifluoromethyl . 2 A combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor is a compound of formula (I) wherein X is oxygen and the dotted line represents a bond 3. A combination as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor is a compound of formula (I) wherein R 1 is hydrogen, Ci-όalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkyl or mono- or dι(Ci-6alkyl)amιnoCι_6alkyl and wherein R 3 is hydrogen and R 2 is halo, Ci-6alkyl, C2-6alkenyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, tnhalomethoxy or hydroxyCi -όalkyloxy 4. A combination as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor is a compound of formula (I) wherein R 8 is hydrogen, hydroxy, haloCi-όalkyl, hydroxyCi - alkyl, cyanoCi-όalkyl, C -όalkyloxycarbonylCi-galkyl, lmidazolyl, or a radical of formula -NR 1 iR 1 wherein R 1 is hydrogen or Ci-i2alkyl and R 12 is hydrogen, Ci-όalkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, Ci-6alkyloxyCι_6alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, or a radical of formula -Alk 2 -OR 13 wherein R 13 is hydrogen or Ci-6alkyl. 5. A combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the farnesyl transferase inhibitor is selected from: 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-[(4-chlorophenyl)hydroxy(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)- methyl]-l-methyl-2(lH)-quinohnone, 6-[ammo(4-chlorophenyl)-l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-ylmethyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)- l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnohnone, 6-[(4-chlorophenyl)hydroxy(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxy- phenyl)-l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnolιnone; 6-[(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxyphenyl)-l- methyl-2(lH)-quιnohnone monohydrochloπde.monohydrate; 6-[amιno(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-ethoxyphenyl)- l-methyl-2(lH)-quιnolιnone, and 6-amιno(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-l-methyl-4-(3- propylphenyl)-2(lH)-qumolmone; a stereoisomenc form thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts thereof. 6. A combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the farnesyl transferase inhibitor is (+)-6-[amιno(4-chlorophenyl)(l-methyl-lH-ιmιdazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chloro- phenyl)-l-methyl-2(lH)-quinohnone; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid -όo- addition salt thereof. A combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor is a compound of formula (IX) wherein =X'-X 2 -X 3 is a tπvalent radical of formula (x-2), (x-3) or (x-4), >Y1-Y2 is a tπvalent radical of formula (y-2), (y- 3) or (y-4), r and s are 1, t is 0, R is halo, preferably chloro, and most preferably 3-chloro or R 1 is Cι_ alkyl, preferably 3-methyl, R 2 is halo, preferably chloro, and most preferably 4-chloro, R 3 is a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-3), R 4 is a radical of formula (c-2), R 6 is Ci alkyl, R 9 is hydrogen, R 10 and R 1 1 are hydrogen and R 12 is hydrogen or hydroxy. 8. A combination as claimed m claim 1 wherein the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor is 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(l -methyl- lH-ιmιdazol-5- yl)tetrazolo[l,5-a]quιnazolιne-7-methanamme or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. 9. A combination as claimed in any of the preceding claims in which the taxane compound is paclitaxel or docetaxel. 10. A combination as claimed in any of the preceding claims in the form of a pharmaceutical composition compπsing a taxane compound and a famesyl transferase inhibitor selected from compounds of formulae (I), (H), (HI), (IV), (V), (VI), (VH), (VHI) and (IX) (as defined in claim 1) together with one or more pharmaceutical earners. 11. A combination as claimed in any of the preceding claims for use in medical therapy 12. A combination as claimed in claim 11 for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. 13. Use of a combination as claimed in any of claims 1 to 12 in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. 14. A method of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells in a human subject which compnses administeπng to the subject an effective amount of a combination as claimed in any of claims 1 to 12.

Inventors: HORAK IVAN DAVID, PALMER PETER ALBERT, HORAK, IVAN, DAVID, PALMER, PETER, ALBERT
Applicants: HORAK IVAN DAVID, JANSSEN PHARMACEUTICA NV, PALMER PETER ALBERT, HORAK, IVAN, DAVID, JANSSEN PHARMACEUTICA N.V., PALMER, PETER, ALBERT
Application year: 2001
Main classification: A61K31
IPC codes: A61K31, A61P35, A61P43