NOVEL BIARYLCARBOXAMIDES

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), wherein A represents (II), (III), (IV) or (V), D represents oxygen or sulfur; E represents a single bond, oxygen, sulfur, or NR<10>; R represents hydrogen or methyl; Ar<1> represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; Ar<2> represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom or; an 8-, 9- or 10-membered fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero to one oxygen atom, and zero to one sulfur atom; the aromatic rings Ar<1> and Ar<2> are optionally substituted with one or three substituents selected from: halogen, C1-4alkyl, C2-4alkenyl, C2-4alkynyl, CN, NO2, NR<1>R<2>, CH2NR<1>R<2>, OR<3>, CH2OR<3>, CO2R<4>, CF3; R<1>, R<2> and R<3> are independently C1-4alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C(O)R<5>, C(O)NHR<6>, C(O)R<7>, SO2R<8> or R<1> and R<2> may together be (CH2)jG(CH2)k where G is oxygen, sulfur, NR<9>, or a bond; j is 2 to 4; k is 0 to 2; R<4>, R<5>, R<6>, R<7>, R<8>, R<9>, and R<10> are independently C1-4alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or an enantiomer thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; with the provisos that: (1) if D represents oxygen, E represents a single bond, and A represents (II) and either Ar<1> or Ar<2> represents a pyrazole ring, then all optional substituents on the pyrazole ring shall be hydrogen; and (2) if Ar<1> represents a pyridine ring, Ar<2> represents an aryl ring, and A represents (II), then all optional substituents on the pyridine ring shall be hydrogen; and (3) formula (I) does not represent (a); processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy, especially in the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic and intellectual impairment disorders.

Description: NOVEL BIARYLCARBOXAMIDES Technical Field This invention relates to novel biarylcarboxamides or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, processes for prepaπng them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy A further object is to provide active compounds that are potent gands for nicotinic acetylcho ne receptors (nAChRs). Background of the Invention The use of compounds which bind nicotinic acetylchohne receptors in the treatment of a range of disorders involving reduced chohnergic function such as Alzheimer's disease, cognitive or attention disorders, anxiety, depression, smoking cessation, neuroprotection, schizophrenia, analgesia, Tourette's syndrome, and Parkinson's disease has been discussed in McDonald et al. (1995) "Nicotinic Acetylchohne Receptors. Molecular Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacology", Chapter 5 in Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 30, pp. 41-50, Academic Press Inc., San Diego, CA; and in Williams et al. (1994) "Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylchohne Receptors," Drug News & Perspectives, vol. 7, pp. 205- 223. Disclosure of the Invention According to the invention, it has been found that compounds of formula I: wherein: A represents: II III IV V D represents oxygen or sulfur, E represents a single bond, oxygen, sulfur, or NR 1 , R represents hydrogen or methyl; Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom: Ar" represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom, or; an 8-, 9- or 10-membered fused aromatic or heteroaromatic πng system containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero to one oxygen atom, and zero to one sulfur atom; wherein when Ar2 is unsubstituted phenyl, Ar 1 is not pyrazolyl; the aromatic πngs Ar 1 and Ar optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from: halogen, C, 4 alkyl, C 24 alkenyl, C 2 4 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'RØ ORØ CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 ; but if Ar 1 is phenyl and Ar 2 is qumolynyl, then Ar 2 is substituted with 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from C-^alkyl, C 2 _ alkenyl, C 2 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 and CO 2 R 4 ; R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently C alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C(O)R 5 . C(O)NHR 6 , C(O)R 7 , SO 2 R 8 or R 1 and R 2 may together be (CH 2 ) j G(CH 2 ) k where G is oxygen, sulfur, NR 9 , or a bond; j is 2 to 4; R 4 , R 5 , R°, R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 , are independently d 4 alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl. or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, with the provisos that: if D represents oxygen, E represents a single bond, and A represents: and either Ar 1 or Ar 2 represents a pyrazole ring , then all optional substituents on the pyrazole πng are hydrogen; and if Ar represents a pyπdine πng, Ar" represents an aryl πng, and A represents: then all optional substituents on the pyπdine πng shall be hydrogen; and formula I does not represent: are potent hgands for nicotinic acetylchohne receptors. Unless otherwise indicated, the Cι- alkyl groups referred to herein, e.g., methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, l-propyl, l-butyl, t-butyl, s-butyl, whether alone or part of another group, may be straight-chained or branched, and the C 3 _4 alkyl groups may also be cyclic, e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl. Alkyl groups referred to herein may optionally be substituted with one to three halogen atoms. Unless otherwise indicated, aryl refers to a phenyl πng which may optionally be substituted with one to three of the following substituents selected from: halogen, C-. alkyl, C 2 _ 4 alkenyl, C 2 4 alkynyl. NR l R 2 . CaNR^ 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR0 C0 2 R 4 , CN, N0 2 , and CF 3 . Unless otherwise indicated, heteroaryl refers to a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom, provided that the πng contains at least one nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom, which may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents selected from: halogen, Cι_ 4 alkyl. C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 _ 4 alkynyl, NR'R 2 , CH.NR'R 2 , OR 3 . CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 . CN, NO 2 , and CF 3 . Unless otherwise indicated, halogen refers to fluoπne. chloπne, bromine, or iodine. Pharmaceutically acceptable deπvatives include solvates and salts. For example, the compounds of formula I can form acid addition salts with acids, such as the conventional pharmaceutically acceptable acids, for example, maleic, hydrochloπc, hydrobromic, phosphoπc, acetic, fumaπc, salicylic, citπc, lactic, mandelic, tartaπc and methanesulfonic acids. Preferred compounds of the invention are compounds according to formula I wherein A represents: or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Prefeπed embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein E represents a single bond; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein E represents oxygen or NR 10 , or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Among these, compounds in which Ar 1 represents a benzene πng, furan πng or thiophene πng, are particularly preferred. Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein Ar " represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Among these, compounds in which Ar" represents a benzene πng, furan πng. thiophene πng, or pyπdine πng are particularly preferred. Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I, wherein 1 1 the aromatic πng Ar is substituted with -EAr " and the carboxamide, or thiocarboxamide group, C(=D)NHA, but no further substituents; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds in which the -EAr" and the carboxamide or thiocarboxamide group, C(=D)NHA, substituents on Ar 1 are positioned in a 1,3-relatιonshιp relative to each other: or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein Ar 1 or Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from: halogen. Ci alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, CN, N0 2 , NR'R 2 , CH J NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR0 CO 2 R 4 . and CF 3 ; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention also include compounds of formula I wherein A represents: D represents oxygen; E represents a single bond; Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom, and most preferably represents a benzene πng, furan πng or thiophene πng; Ar represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; The aromatic πng Ar is substituted with -EAr " and the carboxamide group, C(=O)NHA, but no further substituents, and these substituents on Ar 1 are most preferably positioned in a 1,3-relatιonshιp relative to each other; Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from: halogen, C- alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 4 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH-zNR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR0 CO 2 R 4 . and CF 3 ; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula I wherein A represents: D represents oxygen; E represents oxygen, or NH, Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom, and more preferably represents a benzene πng, furan πng or thiophene πng; Ar 2 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom: The aromatic πng Ar 1 is substituted with -EAr 2 and the carboxamide group, C(=O)NHA, but no further substituents, and these substituents on Ar 1 are more preferably positioned in a 1,3-relatιonshιp relative to each other, Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from, halogen, Ci alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 4 alkynyl, CN, N0 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 ; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred embodiments of the invention include compounds according to formula I wherein A represents - and the configuration of the carbon atom in the quinuchdine to which the amide nitrogen is attached is (R), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred compounds of the invention include the following- N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-pyπdyl)benzarmde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-fluorophenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methylphenyl)benzamιde): N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-thιenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3.5-dιchlorophenyl)benzamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-naphthyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxarrude); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tπfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(NN-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnohnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdylamιno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Aza-bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-morphohnyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(ammomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) , N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylammo)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); and N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide). Particularly preferred compounds of the invention include the following: (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); f/? -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-pyπdyl)benzamιde); (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); ('R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-fluorophenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methylphenyl)benzamιde); (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-thιenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3,5-dιchlorophenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-naphthyl)benzamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamιde), (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde), R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2 2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tπfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); ('R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2 2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde), (RJ-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethylιsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde): (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)[ 5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(NN-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxarmde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnolιnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (5 N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde), (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde): (RJ-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); ('R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Aza-bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdylamιno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Aza-bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-mo hohnyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(amιnomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ammophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) ; (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Among these compounds, the following compounds of the invention are more particularly preferred: (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde); f/?)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)benzamide); R N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-thienyl)benzamide); (R / )-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thienyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thienyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nitrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tπfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (7?)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)[ 5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnolmyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); 5)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (5)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndylamιno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-morpholmyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3~yl)(5-(3-(ammomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) ; (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylammo)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Among these compounds, the following compounds of the invention are most particularly preferred: (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde). (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tπfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylammo)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcydo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde); (5)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (5)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Methods of Preparation In the reaction schemes and text that follow, A, E, Ar 1 , and Ar " unless otherwise indicated, are as defined above for formula I. The compounds of formula I in which E represent a single bond may be prepared according to the methods outlined in Scheme 1. I, D=S, E=single bond ,Ar,- Ύ O Ar— M H .NH, XII A .N γ ,Ar VII A - N γ r , Ar 2 o O d VIII Scheme 1 Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents a single bond may be prepared from compounds of formula VI wherein J represents a halogen or OS0 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to πng Ar 2 is formed, by reaction with an appropπate organometal c compound of formula VII m the presence of a suitable organometalhc catalyst and solvent. Suitable compounds of formula VII include boronic acids, in which M represents B(OH) 2 and organotin compounds, in which M represents a suitable tπalkylstannyl group, for example tπmethylstannyl or tπ-n- butylstannyl. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include palladium (0) complexes, for example tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) or a combination of tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum(0) and a suitable tπarylphosphine or tπarylarsine ligand, for example tπphenylphosph e, tπ(o-tolyl)phosphme or tπphenylarsme Suitable solvents include inert ether solvents, for example 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahvdrofuran, or 1,4-dιoxane, or alcohols, such as ethanol, or mixtures thereof. If the compound of formula VII is a boronic acid, the presence of a suitable base in addition to the other reagents is preferred. Suitable bases include sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and baπum hydroxide. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0-120 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents a single bond may also be prepared from organometalhc compounds of formula VIII by reaction with a compound of formula IX in which J represents a halogen or OSO : CF, in the presence of a suitable organometalhc catalyst and solvent. Suitable compounds of formula VIII include boronic acids, in which M represents B(OH) 2 and organotin compounds, in which M represents a suitable tπalkylstannyl group, for example lstannyl or tπ-n- butylstannyl Suitable organometalhc catalysts include palladium (0) complexes, for example tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) or a combination of tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0) and a suitable tπarylphosphine or tπarylarsine ligand, for example tπphenylphosphine, tπ(o-tolyl)phosphιne or tπphenylarsme. Suitable solvents include inert ether solvents, for example 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, or 1,4-dιoxane, or alcohols, such as ethanol, or mixtures thereof. If the compound of formula VIII is a boronic acid, the presence of a suitable base in addition to the other reagents is preferred. Suitable bases include sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and baπum hydroxide. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0-120 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents a single bond may also be prepared from compounds of formula X by reaction with a suitable compound of formula XI, wherein L represents a suitable leaving group, using a suitable acylation procedure. Suitable leaving groups L include: OH, halogen, OAlkyl, OAryl, OCOAlkyl, OCOAryl. A suitable acylation procedure involves treatment of a compound of formula X with a compound of formula XI at 0-120 °C in a suitable solvent. The presence of a base, or, when Y=OH, a coupling agent, may also be necessary for the reaction to occur. Suitable bases for the reaction include: 4-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)pyπdιne, pyπdine, tπethylamine, N,N-dnsopropylethylamιne. The preferred base is N,N- diisopropylethylamine. Suitable coupling agents when L=OH include: carbodπmides, for example 1,3-dιcyclohexylcarbodπmιde or l-(3-dιmethylamιnopropyl-3-ethylcarbodιιmιde hydrochloπde; phosphonium reagents, for example benzotπazol-1- yloxytπs(dιmethylamιno)phosphomum hexafluorophosphate or benzotπazol-1- yloxytnpyπOhdmophosphonium hexafluorophosphate: and uronium reagents, for example 0-benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate. The preferred coupling agent is O-benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. Suitable solvents for the reaction include N,N-dιmethvlformamιde, dimethvlsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, or chlorotorm The prefeπed solvent is N,N-dιmethylformamιde The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C. and most preferably at a temperature of 20-30 °C. Compounds of formula I in which D represents sulfur and E represents a single bond may be prepared from compounds of formula I in which D represents oxygen and E represents a single bond by reaction with a suitable sulfide in a suitable solvent. The preferred sulfides are phosphorus sulfides, in particular 4-methoxyphenylthιonophosphme sulfide dimer ("Lawesson's Reagent"), and diphosphorus pentasulfide. Suitable solvents for the reaction include aryl hydrocarbon solvents, for example toluene or xylene The reaction is performed at a temperature of 0-200 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 50-180 °C. Certain compounds of formula VI wherein J represents halogen may be prepared from compounds of formula VI wherein J represents hydrogen by reaction with a suitable halogenating agent m a suitable solvent. Suitable halogenatmg agents include bromine. Suitable solvents include acetic acid The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of 0-25 °C. Compounds of formula VI wherein J represents OSO 2 CF 3 may be prepared from compounds of formula VI wherein J represents OH by reaction with tπfluoromethanesulfonic anhydπde or other tπfluoromethanesulfonylating agent in the presence of a base and a suitable solvent. Suitable bases include pyπdine, and 2,6-dι-t- butylpyπdme. The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of -78 to 120 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of -78 to 0 °C. Compounds of formula VI wherein J represents hydrogen, halogen, OH, or OSO 2 CF 3 may be prepared from compounds of formula X by reaction with a suitable compound of formula XII, wherein L represents a suitable leaving group and J represents hydrogen, halogen, OH, or OSO 2 CF 3 , using a suitable acylation procedure. Suitable leaving groups L include: OH, halogen, OAlkyl, OAryl, OCOAlkyl, OCOAryl. A suitable acylation procedure involves treatment of a compound of formula X with a compound of formula XII at 0-120 °C in a suitable solvent. The presence of a base, or, when L=OH, a coupling agent, may also be necessary for the reaction to occur. Suitable bases for the reaction include: 4- (N,N-dιmethylammo)pyπdιne, pyπdine, tπethylamine, N,N-dιιsopropylethylamιne. The preferred base is N,N-dnsopropylethylamιne. Suitable coupling agents when Y=OH include: carbodnmides, for example 1,3-dιcyclohexylcarbodιιmιde or l-(3- dιmethylamιnopropyl-3-ethylcarbodιιmιde hydrochloπde; phosphomum reagents, for example benzotπazol-l-yloxytπs(dιmethylammo)phosphonιum hexafluorophosphate or benzotπazol-1-yloxytπpyrrolιdmophosphonιum hexafluorophosphate, and uronium reagents, for example O-benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate The preferred coupling agent is 0-benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate. Suitable solvents for the reaction include N,N-dιmethylformamιde. dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahvdrofuran, or chloroform. The preferred solvent is N,N- dimethylformamide The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of 20-30 °C. Compounds of formula VIII in which M represents B(OH) 2 may be prepared from compounds of formula VI in which J represents hydrogen, halogen, or OSO 2 CF 3 by methods known to one skilled in the art. For example compounds of formula VI in which J represents hydrogen or halogen may be converted to compounds of formula VIII in which M represents B(OH) 2 via conversion to the corresponding arylhthium or arylmagnesium compounds followed by reaction with tπmethylborate and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting borate ester. The reaction is performed in a suitable inert solvent, for example, tetrahydrofuran. Alternatively, compounds of formula VI wherein J represents halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 may be converted to compounds of formula VIII in which M represents B(OH) 2 via reaction with bιs(pmacolato)dιboron and an organometalhc catalyst, followed by hydrolysis of the resulting borate ester. For typical procedures for effecting such conversions, see, for example, Organic Syntheses, 1963, Coll. Vol. 4, 68; J. Org. Cliem. 1995, 60, 7508. Compounds of formula VIII in which M represents a tπalkylstannyl group may be prepared from compounds of formula VI in which J represents hydrogen, halogen, or OSO 2 CF 3 by methods known to one skilled in the art. For example compounds of formula VI in which J represents hydrogen or halogen may be converted to compounds of formula VIII in which M represents a tπalkylstannyl group via conversion to the corresponding arylhthium or arylmagnesium compounds followed by reaction with an appropπate tπalkylstannyl hahde. The reaction is performed in a suitable inert solvent, for example, tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is performed at a temperature of -78 °C to 20 °C, preferably at -78 °C to 0 °C. Alternatively, compounds of formula VI wherein J represents halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 may be converted to compounds of formula VIII in which M represents a tπalkylstannyl group via reaction with the appropπate bιs(tπalkyltιn). The reaction is performed in a suitable inert solvent, for example tetrahydrofuran, in the presence of a suitable organometalhc catahst. for example tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphme) The reaction is performed at a temperature of 0 °C to 150 °C, preferably at 20 °C to 100 °C Compounds of formula VIII wherein M represents B(OH) 2 or a tπalkylstannyl group may be prepared from compounds of formula X by reaction with a suitable compound of formula XIII, herein L represents a suitable leaving group M represents B(OH) 2 or a tπalkylstannyl group, using a suitable acylation procedure. Suitable leaving groups L include: OH, halogen. OAlkyl. OAryl, OCOAlkyl, OCOAryl. A suitable acylation procedure involves treatment of a compound of formula X with a compound of formula XIII at 0-120 °C in a suitable solvent. The presence of a base, or, when L=OH, a coupling agent, may also be necessary for the reaction to occur. Suitable bases for the reaction include: 4-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)pyπdιne, pyπdine, tπethylamme, N,N- diisopropylethylamine. The preferred base is N,N-dnsopropylethylamιne. Suitable coupling agents when L=OH include: carbodπmides. for example 1,3-dιcyclohexylcarbodιιmιde or l-(3-dιmethylamιnopropyl-3-ethylcarbodnmιde hydrochloπde; phospho um reagents, for example benzotπazol-l-yloxytπs(dιmethylamιno)phosphonιum hexafluorophosphate or benzotπazol-1-yloxytπpyrrolιdιnophosphonιum hexafluorophosphate; and uronium reagents, for example ( -benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. The preferred coupling agent is < -benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. Suitable solvents for the reaction include N,N-dιmethylformamιde, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, or chloroform. The preferred solvent is N,N- dimethylformamide. The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of 20-30 °C. Compounds of formula XI may be prepared from compounds of formula XII wherein J represents a halogen or OSO2CF3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to πng Ar 2 is formed, by reaction with an appropπate organometalhc compound of formula VII m the presence of a suitable organometalhc catalyst and solvent. Suitable compounds of formula VII include boronic acids, in which M represents B(OH) 2 and organotin compounds, in which M represents a suitable tπalkylstannyl group, for example tπmethylstannyl or tπ-n-butylstannyl. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include palladium (0) complexes, for example tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) or a combination of tπs(dιbenzylιdιeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0) and a suitable tπarylphosphine or tπarylarsme ligand. for example tπphenylphosphine, tπ(o-tolyl)phosphιne or tπphenylarsme. Suitable solvents include inert ether solvents, for example 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, or 1,4-dιoxane, or alcohols, such as ethanol, or mixtures thereof. If the compound of formula VII is a boronic acid, the presence of a suitable base in addition to the other reagents is prefeπed. Suitable bases include sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and barium hydroxide. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-120 °C. and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula XI may also be prepared from organometalhc compounds of formula XIII by reaction with a compound of formula IX m which J represents a halogen or OSO2CF3 in the presence of a suitable organometalhc catalyst and solvent. Suitable compounds of formula XIII include boronic acids, in which M represents B(OH) 2 and organotin compounds, in which M represents a suitable tπalkylstannyl group, for example tπmethylstannyl or tπ-n-butylstannyl. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include palladium (0) complexes, for example tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) or a combination of tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0) and a suitable tπarylphosphine or tπarylarsine ligand, for example tπphenylphosphine, tπ(o-tolyl)phosphιne or tπphenylarsme. Suitable solvents include inert ether solvents, for example 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, or 1,4-dιoxane, or alcohols, such as ethanol, or mixtures thereof. If the compound of formula VIII is a boronic acid, the presence of a suitable base in addition to the other reagents is preferred. Suitable bases include sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and baπum hydroxide. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0-120 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60- 120 °C. Compounds of formula VII and compounds of formula XIII are either commercially available, or may be prepared by methods known to one skilled in the art. In particular, methods are known to one skilled in the art for the conversion of aryl hahdes or heteroaryl ha des to aryl or heteroaryl boronic acids or aryl or heteroaryl tπalkylstannanes, providing methods for the conversion of compounds of formula IX in which J represents halogen to compounds of formula VII and compounds of formula XII in which J represents halogen to compounds of formula XIII. For example, boronic acids may be synthesised from aryl or heteroaryl hahdes via conversion to the arylhthium or arylmagnesium compounds followed by reaction with tπmethylborate. or via reaction with bιs(pιnacolato)dιboron and an organometalhc catalyst, followed by hydrolysis of the resulting borate ester (see, for example, Organic Syntheses, 1963, Coll. Vol. 4. 68, J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 7508). Tπalkylstannanes may be synthesised from aryl or heteroaryl hahdes via conversion to the arylhthium or arylmagnesium compounds followed by reaction with the appropπate chlorotrialkyltin, or via reaction with the appropπate bιs(tπalkyltin) and an organometalhc catalyst. The compounds of formula I in which E represents oxygen, sulfur, or NR 10 may be prepared according to the methods outlined in Scheme 2. H .E^ A .N Ar, Ar 2 S 1, D=S, E= 0, S, or NR 10 — J L γ 0 Ar Ar— EH H H NH 2 XII ^ A .l\L γ .Ar. J XIV Arj' ^Ar 2 » O 0 π X XV H A γ Ar, S bS, E=Q S, or NR 10 Ar,- " Y Ar— EH H ^E ,NH, XI I A .N γ Ar- XI V A 'NγAr, Ar 2 O XV Scheme 2 Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents NR 10 may be prepared from compounds of formula VI wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to nitrogen is formed, by reaction with an appropπate amine of formula XIV in which EH represents NHR 10 The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable strong base. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether, a hydrocarbon solvent, for example benzene or toluene, or an amide solvent, for example dimethylformamide, or N-methyl-2- pyrrohdinone. The preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran. Suitable strong bases include alkali metal alkoxide or amide bases, for example sodium t-butoxide or potassium t- butoxide, lithium bιs(tπmethylsιlyl)amιde, or lithium dnsopropylamide. The preferred strong base is sodium t-butoxide. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of an organometalhc catalyst. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include complexes of palladium (0) with a suitable phosphme ligand, preferably a tπarylphosphine ligand, and most preferably a bi dentate tπarylphosphine ligand. Preferred ligands include 2,2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l,l'-bιnaphthyl or l,l'-bis(diphenylphosphmo)ferrocene. The catalyst may be synthesised by the combination of a suitable source of palladium (0), for example tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0), with the phosphme ligand, and may either be pre-formed or formed in situ by including the palladium source and phophme ligand in the reaction mixture. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents ΝR 10 may also be prepared from compounds of formula IX wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar at which the bond to nitrogen is formed, by reaction with an appropnate amine of formula XV in which EH represents ΝHR 1 The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable strong base. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether, a hydrocarbon solvent, for example benzene or toluene, or an amide solvent, for example dimethylformamide, or N- methyl-2-pyrrohdιnone. The preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran. Suitable strong bases include alkali metal alkoxide or amide bases, for example sodium t-butoxide or potassium t-butoxide, lithium bιs(tπmethylsιlyl)amιde, or lithium dnsopropylamide. The preferred strong base is sodium t-butoxide. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed m, the presence of an organometalhc catalyst. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include complexes of palladium (0) with a suitable phosphme ligand, preferably a tnarylphosphine ligand, and most preferably a bidentate tπarylphosphine ligand Prefened ligands include 2,2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l.l'-bιnaphthyl or l,l'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)ferrocene. The catalyst may be synthesised by the combination of a suitable source of palladium (0), for example tns(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0), with the phosphme ligand, and may either be pre-formed or formed m situ by including the palladium source and phophine ligand in the reaction mixture. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents oxygen or sulfur may be prepared from compounds of formula VI wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF-, substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to oxygen is formed, by reaction with an appropπate compound of formula XIV in which EH represents OH or SH. The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable base. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of a catalyst. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether, an amide solvent, for example dimethylformamide, or N-methyl-2-pyrrohdιnone, or a basic heterocyclic aromatic solvent, for example pyπdine. The preferred solvent is pyπdine. Suitable bases include alkali metal alkoxides, or alkali metal carbonates, for example potassium carbonate. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include copper or its salts, preferably copper (I) salts, and most preferably copper (I) iodide. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 100-150 °C Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents oxygen or sulfur may also be prepared from compounds of formula IX wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of nng Ar" at which the bond to nitrogen is formed, by reaction with an appropπate compound of formula XV in which EH represents OH or SH. The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable base. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of a catalyst. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4- dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether, an amide solvent, for example N,N-dιmethylformamιde, or N-methylpyrrohdinone, or a basic heterocyclic aromatic solvent, for example pyπdine. The preferred solvent is pyπdme. Suitable bases include alka metal alkoxides, or alkali metal carbonates, for example potassium carbonate Suitable organometalhc catalysts include copper or its salts, preferably copper (I) salts, and most preferably copper (I) iodide. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 100-150 °C. Compounds of formula I wherein D represents oxygen and E represents oxygen, sulfur, or NR may also be prepared from compounds of formula X by reaction with a suitable compound of formula XVI. wherein E represents oxygen, sulfur, or NR 10 and L represents a suitable leaving group, using a suitable acylation procedure. Suitable leaving groups L include: OH, halogen, OAlkyl, OAryl, OCOAlkyl, OCOAryl. A suitable acylation procedure involves treatment of a compound of formula X with a compound of formula XI at 0-120 °C in a suitable solvent. The presence of a base, or, when Y=OH. a coupling agent, may also be necessary for the reaction to occur. Suitable bases for the reaction include: 4- (N,N-dιmethylamιno)pyndιne. pyπdine, tnethylamine, N,N-dπsopropylethylamιne. The preferred base is N,N-dnsopropylethylamιne. Suitable coupling agents when L=OH include: carbodπmides, for example 1,3-dιcyclohexylcarbodιιmιde or l-(3- dιmethylamιnopropyl-3-ethylcarbodπmιde hydrochloπde; phosphomum reagents, for example benzotnazol-l-yloxytπs(dιmethylamιno)phosphonιum hexafluorophosphate or benzotnazol-1-yloxytπpyπOlιdιnophosphomum hexafluorophosphate; and uronium reagents, for example O-benzotnazol-l-yl-NNN'.N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate. The preferred coupling agent is O-benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. Suitable solvents for the reaction include N,N-dιmethylformarnιde, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, or chloroform. The prefeπed solvent is N,N- dimethylformamide. The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of 20-30 °C. Compounds of formula XV wherein EH represents OH, SH, or ΝHR 10 may be prepared from compounds of formula X by reaction with a suitable compound of formula XVII, wherein L represents a suitable leaving group and EH represents OH. SH or ΝHR , using a suitable acylation procedure. Suitable leaving groups L include: OH, halogen, OAlkyl, OAryl, OCOAlkyl, OCOAryl. A suitable acylation procedure involves treatment of a compound of formula X with a compound of formula XVII at 0-120 °C in a suitable solvent. The presence of a base, or, when L=OH, a coupling agent, may also be necessary for the reaction to occur. Suitable bases for the reaction include: 4-(N,N- dιmethylammo)pyπdιne, pyndine, tnethylamine, N,N-dπsopropylethylamιne. The prefeπed base is NN-dπsopropylethylamine. Suitable coupling agents when L=OH include carbodnmides, for example 1,3-dιcyclohexylcarbodιιmιde or l-(3-dιmethylamιnopropyl-3- ethylcarbodnmide hydrochloπde; phosphonium reagents, for example benzotnazol-1- yloxytns(dιmethylamιno)phosphonιum hexafluorophosphate or benzotπazol-1- yloxytnpyπOhdinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate; and uronium reagents, for example 0-benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. The preferred coupling agent is <9-benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate. Suitable solvents for the reaction include N,N-dιmethylformamιde, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, or chloroform. The preferred solvent is N,N-dιmethylformamιde. The reaction is preferably performed at a temperature of 0-50 °C, and most preferably at a temperature of 20-30 °C. Compounds of formula I, XIV, XV or XVII in which E represents ΝR 10 and R 10 represents an alkyl group may be prepared from compounds of the corresponding formula wherein R 10 represents hydrogen by a suitable alkylation procedure. Typical alkylation procedures include treatment with an appropnate alkyl hahde or sulfonate ester and base, for example sodium hydπde, in a suitable solvent, for example N,N-dιmethylformamιde, or reductive alkylation using the appropπate aldehyde or ketone together with a suitable reducing agent in the presence of an acidic catalyst and in an inert solvent. The prefeπed method is reductive alkylation. Suitable reducing agents include sodium borohydnde and sodium cyanoborohydπde. The preferred reducing agent is sodium borohydnde. Suitable inert solvents include water, methanol or ethanol. The preferred solvent is methanol. Suitable acidic catalysts include acetic acid or zinc chloride. The preferred acidic catalyst is acetic acid. The reaction is usually conducted at a temperature of 0-100 °C, and preferably at 20-65 °C. Compounds of formula I, XIV, XV or XVII in which E represents ΝR 10 and R 10 represents an aryl or heteroaryl group may be prepared from compounds of the corresponding formula wherein R 10 represents hydrogen by reaction with an appropπate aromatic or heteroaromatic ha de or tπfluoromethanesulfonate. The reaction may be performed by heating an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable strong base. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2- dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyefhyl)ether, a hydrocarbon solvent, for example benzene or toluene, or an amide solvent, for example N,N-dιmethylformamιde, or N-methyl-2- pyrro dinone. The preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran. Suitable strong bases include alkah metal alkoxide or amide bases, for example sodium t-butoxide or potassium t- butoxide, lithium bιs(tnmethylsιlyl)amιde, or lithium dnsopropylamide The prefeπed strong base is sodium t-butoxide. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of an organometalhc catalyst. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include complexes of palladium (0) with a suitable phosphme ligand, preferably a tπarylphosphine ligand, and most preferably a bidentate tπarylphosph e ligand Preferred ligands include 2,2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l,l'-bιnaphthyl or l.l'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)feπocene. The catalyst may be synthesised by the combination of a suitable source of palladium (0), for example tπs(dιbenzyhdιeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0), with the phosphme ligand, and may either be preformed or formed in situ by including the palladium source and phophine ligand in the reaction mixture. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C Compounds of formula I in which D represents sulfur and E represents oxygen or NR 10 may be prepared from compounds of formula I in which D represents oxygen and E represents oxygen, or NR 1 by reaction with a suitable sulfide in a suitable solvent. The prefened sulfides are phosphorus sulfides, in particular 4-methoxyphenylthιonophosphme sulfide dimer ("Lawesson's Reagent"), and diphosphorus pentasulfide. Suitable solvents for the reaction include aryl hydrocarbon solvents, for example toluene or xylene The reaction is performed at a temperature of 0-200 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 50-180 °C. Compounds of formula XVI wherein D represents oxygen and E represents NR 10 may be prepared from compounds of formula XII wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF, substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to nitrogen is formed, by reaction with an appropnate amine of formula XIV in which EH represents NHR 10 , or, alternatively, from compounds of formula XVII in which EH represents NHR 10 by reaction with an appropπate compound of formula IX wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 2 at which the bond to nitrogen is formed. The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable strong base. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether, a hydrocarbon solvent, for example benzene or toluene, or an amide solvent, for example N,N-dιmethylformamιde, or N- methyl-2-pyrrohdιnone. The preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran. Suitable strong bases include alkali metal alkoxide or amide bases, for example sodium t-butoxide or potassium t-butoxide, lithium bιs(tπmethylsιlyl)amιde, or lithium dnsopropylamide. The prefeπed strong base is sodium t-butoxide. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of an organometalhc catalyst. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include complexes of palladium (0) with a suitable phosphme ligand, preferably a tπarylphosphine ligand, and most preferably a bidentate tπarylphosphine ligand. Preferred ligands include 2.2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l.l'-bιnaphthyl or l,l'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene. The catalyst may be synthesised by the combination of a suitable source of palladium (0), for example tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0), with the phosphme ligand, and may either be pre-formed or formed in situ by including the palladium source and phophine ligand in the reaction mixture. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 60-120 °C. Compounds of formula XVI wherein D represents oxygen and E represents oxygen or sulfur may be prepared from compounds of formula XII wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 1 at which the bond to oxygen or sulfur is formed, by reaction with an appropnate compound of formula XIV in w hich EH represents OH or SH, or, alternatively, from compounds of formula XVII in which EH represents OH or SH by reaction with an appropπate compound of formula IX wherein J represents a halogen or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar 2 at which the bond to oxygen or sulfur is formed. The reaction may be performed by heating in an inert solvent in the presence of a suitable base. The reaction may require, and is preferably performed in, the presence of a catalyst. Suitable inert solvents include ether solvents, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dιoxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, or dι(2-methoxyethyl)ether. an amide solvent, for example N,N-dιmethylformamιde, or N-methyl-2-pynohdmone, or a basic heterocyclic aromatic solvent, for example pyndine. The preferred solvent is pyπdine. Suitable bases include alkali metal alkoxides, or alkali metal carbonates, for example potassium carbonate. Suitable organometalhc catalysts include copper or its salts, preferably copper (I) salts, and most preferably copper (I) iodide. The reaction is earned out at a temperature of 0-150 °C, and preferably at a temperature of 100-150 °C. Compounds of formula IX, X, and XII, XIV, and XVII are either commercially available, known in the literature, or may be prepared by methods known to one skilled in the art. It will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that certain optional aromatic substituents in the compounds of the invention may be introduced by employing aromatic substitution reactions, or functional group transformations to modify an existing substituent, or a combination thereof. Such reactions may be effected either prior to or immediately following the processes mentioned above, and are included as part of the process aspect of the invention The reagents and reaction conditions for such procedures are known in the art. Specific examples of procedures which may be employed include, but are not limited to, electrophilic functionahsation of an aromatic πng, for example via nitration, halogenation, or acylation; transformation of a nitro group to an amino group, for example via reduction, such as by catalytic hydrogenation; acylation, alkylation, sulfonylation of an ammo or hydroxyl group; replacement of an am o group by another functional group via conversion to an intermediate diazonium salt followed by nucleophihc or free radical substitution of the diazonium salt; or replacement of a halogen by another functional group, for example via nucleophihc or organometalhcally-catalysed substitution reactions. Where necessary, hydroxy. amino, or other reactive groups may be protected using a protecting group as described in the standard text "Protecting groups in Organic Synthesis", 3 rd Edition (1999) by Greene and Wuts. The above descπbed reactions, unless otherwise noted, are usually conducted at a pressure of about one to about three atmospheres, preferably at ambient pressure (about one atmosphere). Unless otherwise stated, the above described reactions are conducted under an inert atmosphere, preferably under a nitrogen atmosphere. The compounds of the invention and intermediates may be isolated from their reaction mixtures by standard techniques. Acid addition salts of the compounds of formula I which may be mentioned include salts of mineral acids, for example the hydrochloπde and hydrobromide salts; and salts formed with organic acids such as formate, acetate, maleate, benzoate, tartrate, and fumarate salts. Acid addition salts of compounds of formula I may be formed by reacting the free base or a salt, enantiomer or protected deπvative thereof, with one or more equivalents of the appropπate acid. The reaction may be earned out in a solvent or medium in which the salt is insoluble or in a solvent in which the salt is soluble, e.g., water, dioxane, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether, or a mixture of solvents, which may be removed in vacuum or by freeze drying. The reaction may be a metathetical process or it may be earned out on an ion exchange resin. The compounds of formula I exist in tautomeπc or enantiomenc forms, all of which are included within the scope of the invention. The vaπous optical isomers may be isolated by separation of a racemic mixture of the compounds using conventional techniques, e.g. fractional crystallisation, or chiral HPLC. Alternatively the individual enantiomers may be made by reaction of the appropπate optically active starting mateπals under reaction conditions which w ill not cause racemisation. Intermediates A further aspect of the invention relates to intermediates. Of interest among the intermediates are compounds of formula VI m Scheme 1. These intermediates are useful in the synthesis of compounds of formula I, but their use is not limited to the synthesis of such compounds. For example, compounds of formula VI are active as ligands for acetylchohne receptors, and therefore share the utilities descnbed for compounds of formula I. Accordingly, there is also provided a compound of formula VI: VI wherein: Ar represents a benzene, furan, or thiophene πng; J represents halogen, or OSO 2 CF 3 , provided that when Ar represents a benzene πng, J may only represent bromine, iodine, or OSO 2 CF 3 in a position meta or para to the carboxamide group; or an enantiomer thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Preferred compounds of this aspect of the invention include the following: N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-ιodobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(4-ιodobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde); or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Particularly prefened compounds of this aspect of the invention include the following- R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde): S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde); (Λ)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-brornobenzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-ιodobenzamιde); (7?)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-ιodobenzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde); or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Intermediate compounds also exist in enantiomenc forms and may be used as puπfied enantiomers, racemates or mixtures. Pharmaceutical Compositions A further aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition or disorder as exemplified below ansing from dysfunction of nicotinic acetylchohne receptor neurotransmission in a mammal, preferabh a human, compπsing an amount of a compound of formula I, an enantiomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, effective in treating or preventing such disorder or condition in admixture with an inert pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or earner. For the above-mentioned uses the dosage administered will, of course, vary with the compound employed, the mode of administration and the treatment desired. However, in general, satisfactory results are obtained when the compounds of the invention are administered at a daily dosage of from about 0.1 mg to about 20 mg per kg of animal body weight, preferably given in divided doses 1 to 4 times a day or in sustained release form For man, the total daily dose is in the range of from 5 mg to 1,400 mg, more preferably from 10 mg to 100 mg, and unit dosage forms suitable for oral administration compnse from 2 mg to 1,400 mg of the compound admixed with a solid or liquid pharmaceutical earner or diluent The compounds of formula I, or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, may be used on their own or in the form of appropπate medicinal preparations for enteral or parenteral administration. According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition including preferably less than 80% and more preferably less than 50% by weight of a compound of the invention in admixture with an inert pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or earner. Examples of diluents and earners are- - for tablets and dragees: lactose, starch, talc, steanc acid; for capsules: tartaπc acid or lactose; - for mjectable solutions: water, alcohols, glyceπn, vegetable oils for suppositoπes. natural or hardened oils or waxes There is also provided a process for the preparation of such a pharmaceutical composition which compnses mixing the ingredients. Utility A further aspect of the invention is the use of a compound according to the invention, an enantiomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of one of the below mentioned diseases or conditions; and a method of treatment or prophylaxis of one of the above mentioned diseases or conditions, which compnses administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the invention, or an enantiomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a patient. Compounds according to the invention are agonists of nicotinic acetylchohne receptors. While not being limited by theory, it is believed that agonists of the α nAChR (nicotinic acetylchohne receptor) subtype should be useful in the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders and intellectual impairment disorders, and have advantages over compounds which are or are also agonists of the c * nAChR subtype. Therefore, compounds which are selective for the 7 nAChR subtype are prefeπed. The compounds of the invention are indicated as pharmaceuticals, in particular in the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders and intellectual impairment disorders. Examples of psychotic disorders include schizophrenia, mania and manic depression, and anxiety. Examples of intellectual lmpairment disorders include Alzheimer ' s disease, learning deficit, cognition deficit, attention deficit, Lewy Body Dementia, memory loss, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The compounds of the invention may also be useful as analgesics in the treatment of pain (including chronic pain) and m the treatment or prophylaxis of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, and neurodegenerative disorders in which there is loss of chohnergic synapses The compounds may further be indicated for the treatment or prophylaxis of jetlag, for use in inducing the cessation of smoking, and for the treatment or prophylaxis of nicotine addiction (including that resulting from exposure to products containing nicotine). It is also believed that compounds according to the invention are useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of ulcerative colitis. Pharmacology The pharmacological activity of the compounds of the invention may be measured in the tests set out below: Test A - Assay for affinity at 7 nAChR subtype 1251-α -Bungarotoxin (BTX) binding to rat hippocampal membranes. Rat hippocampi were homogenized in 20 volumes of cold homogemsation buffer (HB: concentrations of constituents (mM): tns(hydroxymethyl)amιnomethane 50; MgCl2 1; NaCl 120; KCl 5: pH 7.4). The homogenate was centπfuged for 5 minutes at 1000 g, the supernatant was saved and the pellet re-extracted. The pooled supernatants were centπfuged for 20 minutes at 12000 g, washed, and re-suspended in HB. Membranes (30- 80 μg) were incubated with 5 nM [ 1251] α -BTX, 1 mg/mL BSA (bovine serum albumin), test drug, and either 2 mM CaCl2 or 0.5 mM EGTA [ ethylene glycol-bιs(β - ammoethylether)] for 2 hours at 21° C, and then filtered and washed 4 times over Whatman glass fibre filters (thickness C) using a Brandel cell harvester. Pre-treating the filters for 3 hours with 1% (BSA/0.01% PEI (polyethyleneimine) in water was cntical for low filter blanks (0.07% of total counts per minute). Non-specific binding was descπbed by 100 μ M (-)-nιcotιne, and specific binding was typically 75%. Test B - Assay for affinity to the nAChR subtype r 3H1 -(-)-nιcotιne binding. Using a procedure modified from Martmo-B arrows and Kellar (Mol Pharm (1987) 31: 169-174), rat brain (cortex and hippocampus) was homogenised as in the [ 1251] α -BTX binding assay, centπfuged for 20 minutes at 12,000 x g, washed twice, and then re-suspended in HB containing 100 μ M dnsopropyl fluorophosphate. After 20 minutes at 4° C, membranes (approximately 0 5 mg) were incubated with 3 nM [ 3H] -(-)-nιcotιne, test drug, 1 μ M atropine, and either 2 mM CaCl2 or 0 5 mM EGTA for 1 hour at 4° C, and then filtered over Whatman glass fibre filters (thickness C) (pre-treated for 1 hour with 0 5% PEI) using a Brandel cell harvester. Nonspecific binding was descnbed by 100 μ M carbachol, and specific binding was typically 84% Binding data analysis for Tests A and B IC50 values and pseudo Hill coefficients (nπ) were calculated using the non-linear curve fitting program ALLFIT (DeLean A, Munson P J and Rodbard D (1977) Am. J. Physiol., 235:E97-E102). Saturation curves were fitted to a one site model, using the nonlinear regression program ENZFTTTER (Leatherbanow, R.J (1987)), yielding K D values of 1.67 and 1.70 nM for the I25l-α -BTX and [ 3H] -(-)-nιcotιne ligands respectively. K, values were estimated using the general Cheng-Prusoff equation: K,=[ IC 50 ] /((2+([hgand] /K D ] ) π ) 1/n -l) where a value of n=l was used whenever Π H < 1 5 and a value of n=2 was used when Π H ≥ 1.5. Samples were assayed m tπp cate and were typically ± 5%. K, values were determined using 6 or more drug concentrations. The compounds of the invention are compounds with binding affinities (K.) of less than lOμM in either Test A or Test B, indicating that they are expected to have useful therapeutic activity. The compounds of the invention have the advantage that they may be less toxic, be more efficacious, be longer acting, have a broader range of activity, be more potent, produce fewer side effects, are more easily absorbed or have other useful pharmacological properties. General Experimental Procedures Commercial reagents were used without further puπfication. Mass spectra were recorded using either a Hewlett Packard 5988A or a MicroMass Quattro-1 Mass Spectrometer and are reported as m/z for the parent molecular ion. Room temperature refers to 20-25 °C. EXAMPLES The following examples are prefeπed non-limiting examples embodying prefened aspects of the invention Intermediate 1 fR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2 2.21oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) A mixture of (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochloπde (655 mg), 5- bromofuran-2-carboxyhc acid (681 mg), 1-hydroxybenzotπazole hydrate (457 mg), O- benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate (1.069 g), andNN- diisopropylethylamine (2.5 mL) in N,N-dιmethylformamιde (10 mL) was agitated until a homogenous solution was obtained, and was then allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. The solution was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between aqueous sodium hydroxide and chloroform. The chloroform layer was dned over magnesium sulfate. filtered, and evaporated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel in a solid phase extraction cartridge using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The compound was then dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL), excess hydrogen chlonde (5 mL; IM solution in diethyl ether) was added, and the solution was evaporated and then recrystalhsed from methanol / diethyl ether to give the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (538 mg); MS (ES + ) 299, 301 (Mtf). Intermediate 2 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) A mixture of (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochloπde (4 g), 5- bromothιophene-2-carboxylιc acid (4.25 g), 1-hydroxybenzotπazole hydrate (2.77 g), O- benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate (6.6 g), and N.N- dnsopropylethylamme (14 mL), in N,N-dιmethylformamιde (100 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solution was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between aqueous sodium hydroxide and chloroform. The chloroform layer was dned over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. The residue was punfied by flash chromatography on silica gel and eluted with 5%-20% 3.5Ν methano c ammonia / chloroform mixtures. Evaporation of solvent gave yellow solid (5.87 g); MS (ES + ) 315, 317 (MIT). Intermediate 3 fS)-N-( " l-Azabιcyclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) A mixture of (S)-N-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochloπde (1.9 g), 5- bromothιophene-2-carboxyhc acid (1.97 g), 1-hydroxybenzotπazole hydrate (1.28 g), O- benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate (3.06 g), and N.N- dnsopropylethylamine (8.3 mL) in N,N-dιmethylformamιde (20 mL) as stiπed at room temperature overnight The solution was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between aqueous sodium hydroxide and chloroform. The chloroform layer was dned (Mg 2 S0 ), filtered, and evaporated. The residue as punfied by flash chromatography on silica gel and eluted with 5%-20% 3 5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures. Evaporation of solvent gave white solid (3 g), MS (ES + ) 315, 317 (MH + ). Intermediate 4 (R.-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamιne dihydrochloπde and 3- bromobenzoic acid; the compound was punfied by chromatography on silica gel using ammoniated methanol/chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The compound was then dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, excess hydrogen chlonde (IM solution in diethyl ether) was added, and the solution was evaporated and then recrystallised from methanol / diethyl ether to give the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 309, 311 (MET). Intermediate 5 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-y])(4-bromobenzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamιne dihydrochlonde and 4- bromobenzoic acid; the compound was punfied by chromatography on silica gel using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The compound was then dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, excess hydrogen chlonde (IM solution in diethyl ether) was added, and the solution was evaporated and then recrystallised from methanol / t-butyl methyl ether to give the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 309, 311 (MH + ) Intermediate 6 (R,-N-q-Azabιcvclol " 2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-ιodobenzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamιne dihydrochlonde and 3- lodobenzoic acid; the compound was purified by solid phase extraction on silica gel using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent followed by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were evaporated, the residue was dissolved in methanol, excess hydrogen chlonde solution (4M in 1,4-dioxane) was added and the solution was evaporated to give the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 357 (MET). Intermediate 7 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(4-ιodobenzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochlonde and 4- lodobenzoic acid; the compound was purified by solid phase extraction on silica gel using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent followed by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were evaporated, the residue was dissolved in methanol, excess hydrogen chlonde solution (4M in 1,4-dioxane) was added and the solution was evaporated to give the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 357 (MH + ). Intermediate 8 fR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) (A) 4-Bromothιophene-2-carboxyhc acid Chromium (VI) oxide (20 g), and concentrated sulfuπc acid (32 g) were dissolved in water (50 mL) and when dissolution was complete, the volume was made up to 100 mL with water. 55 mL of the resulting solution was added dropwise to a solution of 4- bromothιophene-2-carboxaldehyde (19.1 g) in acetone (200 mL) stirred at 0 °C. After 2h, the solution was diluted with water and extracted with chloroform. The organic extracts were washed with water, then extracted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The alkaline mixture was acidified by cautious addition of concentrated hydrochloπc acid then extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was then dπed(Mg 2 SO ), filtered, and evaporated. The resulting solid was recrystallised from diethyl ether/hexane to give a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 207, 209 (MET). (B) tR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamιne dihydrochloπde and 4- bromothιophene-2-carboxyhc acid. The residue from evaporation of the reaction mixture was partitioned between aqueous hydrochloπc acid and chloroform The aqueous layer was then basified with aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform. The organic extracts were dned (MgS0 ), filtered, and evaporated and resulting solid was recrystallised from ethyl acetate/hexane to give the title compound as a colourless solid: MS (ES + ) 315, 317 (MET). Intermediate 9 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2 2 21oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde) (A) 5-Bromothιophene-3-carboxyhc acid Bromine (46.5 g) in acetic acid (200 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of thιophene-3-carboxyhc acid (38 g) in acetic acid (300 mL). After the addition was complete, stirring was continued at room temperature for 30mιn. The reaction mixture was poured into 2000 mL of ice/water and the precipitated solid was collected and recrystallised from water to give a colourless solid; MS (ES ) 205, 207 (MH + ) (B) (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed for the preparation of Intermediate 1 from (R)-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochloπde and 5- bromothιophene-3-carboxyhc acid. The compound was purified by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were evaporated, the residues dissolved in methanol, excess hydrogen chlonde solution (4M in 1,4-dioxane) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid: MS (ES + ) 315, 317 (MH + ). Example 1 R -N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde) (RJ-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) hydrochloπde (100 mg), phenylboromc acid (45 mg), tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) (20 mg), cesium carbonate (547 mg), in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane (6 mL), ethanol (1 5 mL) and water (1 mL) were stirred under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 17 h. The solution was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in chloroform. The solution was washed with aqueous sodium carbonate and the organic layer was then dned (Mg SO 4 ), filtered, and evaporated. HPLC punfication using a gradient of 1.1 ammoniated methanol in chloroform, and chloroform gave the title compound as a colourless solid (63 mg); MS (ES + ) 297 (MIT). Example 2 (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2 21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carbo\amιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-fluorobenzeneboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphme)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by filtration through a silica gel solid phase extraction cartridge using ammoniated methanol/chloroform mixtures as the eluent, and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C [8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of solvent gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid, MS (ES T ) 315 (MH ÷ ). Example 3 (fl)-N-q-AzabιcvcIor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3-thιopheneboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladmm (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of solvent gave the tπfluoroacetate of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 313 (MH + ). Example 4 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and phenylboromc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by flash chromatograph\ on silica gel and eluted with 3%-10% 3.5Ν methano c ammonia / chloroform mixtures. Evaporation of solvent gave the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 307 (MET)* Example 5 rR)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-pyndyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described m Example 1 from (R)-l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and pyndme-3-boromc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 308 (MH + ). Example 6 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and phenylboronic acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase EIPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 313 (MET 1" ). Example 7 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3-methoxyphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 337 (MET 1" ). Example 8 fR)-N-fl-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 2-methoxyphenylboromc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιπe)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water . The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tπfluoroacetic acid as the eluent Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES T ) 337 (MH + ). Example 9 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylammo)phenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3-(N-acetylammo)phenylboronic acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetonitnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 364 (MH + ). Example 10 (J?)-N-q-Azabιcvclor2 2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-fluorophenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3-fluorobenzeneboromc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0 1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 325 (MET). Example 11 rR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methylphenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3-methylphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphme)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0 1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 321(MH + ). Example 12 rR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(3-( ' 2-thιenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 2-thιopheneboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0), cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1.2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ! 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) (MET) Example 13 CR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2 2.21oct-3-yl)r3-( ' 3.5-dιchlorophenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 3,5-dιchlorophenylboronιc acid, tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0), cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 375,377MH + ). Example 14 fR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo.2.2.21oct-3-yl)0-(2-naphthyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 2-naphthaleneboronιc acid, tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0), cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 357(MH + ). Example 15 rR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)f3-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde) and 4-fluorophenylboromc acid, using tefrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and cesium carbonate m a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 325 (MET). Example 16 (fl)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and pyndιne-3-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 298 (MH + ) Example 17 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)( , 5-(3-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-thιopheneboronιc acid, tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0), sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 303(MH + ). Example 18 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzorb1furanyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and benzo[b]furan-2-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 337(MH + ). Example 19 (R)-N-(l-AzabιcvcIor2.2.21oct-3-yl)f5-(4-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and pyπdιne-4-boronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 298 (MH + ). Example 20 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 2-thιopheneboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 303(MH + ) Example 21 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-methoxyphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate m a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES T ) 327 (MET 1" ). Example 22 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 2-methoxyphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ] column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 327 (MH + ). Example 23 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 4-fluorophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* 8 column using a gradient of acetomtπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 315 (MH + ). Example 24 R)-N-d-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 2-naphthaleneboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ]8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 347 (MH + ). Example 25 (R -N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-methylphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπpheπylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 311 (MET). Example 26 fR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo| " 2 2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared b\ a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-furanboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and cesium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water . The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C-g column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 287 (MH + ). Example 27 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2 2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) A mixture of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) (146 mg), 2-(tn-n-butylstannyl)furan (0.15 mL), tns(dιbenzylιdeneacetone)dιpalladιum(0) (13 mg), lithium chlonde (59 mg), and tπ(o-tolyl)phosphιne (44 mg) in 1,2- dimethoxyethane (2 mL) was stirced under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 5h. The solution was filtered and evaporated. The compound was punfied by filtration through a silica gel solid phase extraction cartridge using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent, and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (59 mg); MS (ES + ) 287 (MET). Example 28 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 29 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 2-(tπ-π- butylstannyl)pyndme. The compound was punfied by filtration through a silica gel solid phase extraction cartridge using ammoniated methanol/chloroform mixtures as the eluent, and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound was obtained as a light yellow solid; MS (ES + ) 298 (MH + ). Example 29 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyndιne-4-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystal sation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS Example 30 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyπdιne-3-boromc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MH + ). Example 31 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed in Example 27 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 2-(tn-π- butylstannyl)pyπdιne. The compound was punfied by filtration through a silica gel solid phase extraction cartndge using ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixtures as the eluent, and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chloπde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a light yellow solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MH + ). Example 32 ?)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 27 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 2-(tπ-;.- butylstannyl)pyπdιne. The compound was punfied by filtration through a silica gel solid phase extraction cartndge using ammoniated methanol/chloroform mixtures as the eluent, and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0 1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound was obtained as a light yellow solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MET). Example 33 R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(4-(4-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyndme-4-boronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of aceto tnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MET). Example 34 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyπdιne-3-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid, MS (ES + ) 314 (MH + ) Example 35 (7?)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(Ν-acetylamιno)phenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-(N- acetylamιno)phenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphme)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1.2-dιmethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ] 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a yellow solid; MS (ES + ) 354 (MH + ). Example 36 ^R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-nιtrophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and water. The compound was purified by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a yellow solid; MS (ES + ) 342 (MET) Example 37 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tnfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3- tnfluoromethylphenylboromc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 365 (MET). Example 38 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo| " 2.2 21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-chlorophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. After drying under vacuum, the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound was obtained as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 331 (MET). Example 39 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-(N- acetylammo)phenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 370 (MET) Example 40 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-fluorophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 331 (MET). Example 41 R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2 2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-methoxyphenyl- boronic acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphine)palladium(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 343 (MET). Example 42 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-ethoxyphenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tnfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 357 (MET). Example 43 (J?,-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2 2 21oct-3-yl)(5-(3.5-dιmethylιsoxazol-4-yl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3,5 dιmethyhsoxazolyl-4- boronic acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C-g column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chloride solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 316 (MET). Example 44 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3.5-dιmethylιsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3,5-dιmethyhsoxazolyl- 4-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chloride solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 332 (MH + ). Example 45 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-amιnophenylboronιc acid hydrochlonde, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chloride solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 328 (MH + ). Example 46 (7?)-_V-(T-Azabιcvclo[ " 2 2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde) and pyndιne-3-boronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphme)palladιum (0), and sodium carbonate in a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ] 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The product-containing fractions were then evaporated and the residue dissolved in methanol. Excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) was added and the solution was evaporated. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MH + ) Example 47 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochlonde and 5-(4-chlorophenyl)furoιc acid; the compound was purified by chromatography on silica gel using ammoniated methanol/chloroform mixtures as the eluent; MS (ES + ) 331, 333 (MH + ). Example 48 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde) A mixture of (R)-N-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamme dihydrochlonde (294 mg), 2- (3-pyπdyl)thιazole-4-carboxyhc acid (304 mg), 1-hydroxybenzotnazole hydrate (199 mg), O-benzotπazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronιum tetrafluoroborate (473 g), and N.N- dnsopropylethylamine (1.0 mL) in N,N-dιmethylformamιde (10 mL) was stiπed at room temperature overnight. The solution was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between aqueous sodium hydroxide and chloroform. The solution was evaporated and the residue was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (428 mg); MS (ES + ) 315 (MET). Example 49 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde) A mixture of (R)-N-l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamιne dihydrochloπde (236 mg), 2- (4-pyπdyl)thιazole-4-carboxyhc acid (243 mg), 1-hydroxybenzotnazole hydrate (159 mg), 0-benzotnazol-l-yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (379 mg), and N,N- dnsopropylethylamine (0.82 mL) in N,N-dιmethylformamιde (10 mL) was stiπed at room temperature overnight. The solution was evaporated, and the residue was partitioned between aqueous sodium hydroxide and chloroform. The solution was evaporated and the residue was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (428 mg); MS (ES + ) 315 (MET). Example 50 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-('N.N-dιmethylammo)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) Formaldehyde (37% solution in water, 0.18 mL) was added to a solution of (R)-N- (l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)-thιophene-2-carboxamιde) (92 mg) in 1% acetic acid in methanol (5 mL). After 30 minutes at room temperature, sodium cyanoborohydnde (35 mg) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for lh. The solution was evaporated and the residue was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (54 mg); MS (ES + ) 356 (MH + ). Example 51 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnolιnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descnbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l-aza- bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 8-quιnolιneboronιc acid , tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0), sodium carbonate in a mixture of DME, and water The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of aceto tnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 364 (MET 1" ). Example 52 S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclof2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (S -N-(l-aza- bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyπdιne-3-boromc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MlT). Example 53 S,-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (S)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and pyπdιne-4-boromc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate m a mixture of 1,2- dimethoxyethane and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 314 (MET). Example 54 f )-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 27 from (S)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 2-(tn-.z- butylstanny pyndine. The compound was punfied by flash chromatography 5%-20% 3.5Ν ammoniated methanol / chloroform mixture as eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid: MS (ES + ) 314 (MH + ) Example 55 (S)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yI)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (S)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and phenylboronic acid, tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES") 313 (MH + ). Example 56 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l-Aza- bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde) and phenylboronic acid, using tetrakis(tnphenylphosphme)palladium(0), and sodium carbonate m a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C 18 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. Evaporation of the product-containing fractions gave the tπfluoroacetate salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 313 (MET). Example 57 R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l-Aza- bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and phenylboronic acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water. The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C ] 8 column using a gradient of aceto tnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from ethyl acetate gave the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 313 (MH + ). Example 58 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cvanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-cyanophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum(0), and sodium carbonate m a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water . The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C* 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 338 (MET). Example 59 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) Sodium methoxide (14 mL, 0.5M solution in methanol) was added to the solution of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) (550 mg) in methanol (5 mL), then paraformaldehyde (117 mg) was added. The mixture was heated under reflux for lh. After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, sodium borohydnde (175 mg) was added, and the solution was then heated under reflux for 2h. Aqueous potassium hydroxide (IM, 1.4 mL) was added. Heating under reflux was resumed for 2h and the reaction mixture was then left at room temperature for 16h. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® 8 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product- containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (120 mg); MS (ES + ) 342 (MH + ). Example 60 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hvdroxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) To the (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) (900 mg), 48% aqueous hydrobromic acid (10 mL) and glacial acetic acid (10 mL) were added. After heating under reflux for 4h, saturated aqueous sodium carbonate and solid sodium carbonate were added to adjust to pH 10. The aqueous layer was extracted with chloroform and the combined extracts were dned over magnesium sulfate. After filtration and evaporation, residue was punfied by flash chromatography using 5%-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The product obtained was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the hydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a colourless solid (32 mg); MS (ES + ) 329 (MET). Example 61 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndylamιno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) The mixture of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2- carboxamide) (315 mg), 3-amιnopyπdιne (188 mg), tns(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum (0) (46 mg), racemιc-2,2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l,r-bιnaphthyl (62 mg), and sodium t- butoxide (192 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was heated under reflux for 20h. The mixture was filtered and the residue was punfied by flash chromatography using 5%-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The compound was punfied further by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C i8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochlonde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as a yellow solid (77 mg); MS (ES + ) 329 (MET). Example 62 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclo[2 2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2 2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-chlorophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tnphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water . The compound was punfied by flash chromatography using a gradient of 5%-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent to give the title compound as a colourless solid; MS (ES + ) 347 (MET). Example 63 R)-N-α-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-morpholmyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) A mixture of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) (0.98 g), morphohne (0.5 mL), tπs(dιbenzyhdeneacetone)dιpalladιum(0) (132 mg), racemιc-2,2'-bιs(dιphenylphosphιno)-l,l'-bιnaphthyl (180 mg), and sodium t- butoxide (554 mg) m tetrahydrofuran (25 mL) was heated under reflux for 20 hr under nitrogen. The mixture was filtered and the residue was punfied by flash chromatography using a gradient of 5%-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The mixture was then subjected to reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Ci 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochlonde salt of the title compound as solid (400 mg); MS (ES + ) 398(MH + ). Example 64 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(amιnomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) To the solution of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene- 2-carboxamιde) (311 mg) in methanol and acetic acid (1:1, 10 mL) a catalytic amount of 10% Pd-C was added and the mixture was hydrogenated at 50 p.s.i. for 36 hr. The mixture was filtered through a pad of celite. The residue was punfied first by flash chromatography using 5-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C i 8 column using a gradient of acetonitπle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The free base was prepared by basification of the product-containing fractions and extraction into chloroform followed by evaporation to gave the title compound (23 mg); MS (ES "1" ) 342 (MH + ). Example 65 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde) To a solution of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2- carboxamide) (463 mg) in pyndine (10 mL) phenol (158 mg), copper iodide (32 mg) and potassium carbonate (97 mg) were added. The mixture was stirred at 125 °C for 65h under nitrogen. Water was added and the aqueous layer was extracted with chloroform. Following evaporation, the residue was punfied by flash chromatography using 5-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C- 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The free base was prepared by basification of the product-containing fractions and extraction into chloroform followed by evaporation to gave the title compound (80 mg); MS (ES + ) 329 (MH + ). Example 66 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in Example 1 from (R)-N-(l- azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde) and 3-amιnophenylboronιc acid, using tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphιne)palladιum (0) and sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water . The compound was punfied by flash chromatography using 5-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent and then by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® Cι 8 column using a gradient of aceto tnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The free base was prepared by basification of the product-containing fractions and extraction into chloroform followed by evaporation to gave the title compound; MS (ES + ) 312 (MET " ). Example 67 R)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N.N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide) To the solution of (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2- carboxamide) (220 mg) in 1% acetic acid in ethanol (10 mL) formaldehyde (0.26 mL) was added. After 45mιn, sodium cyanoborohydnde (89 mg) was added. The mixture was stiπed for 4h. Water was added and the solution was basified to pH>10 by adding solid sodium carbonate. The aqueous layer was extracted chloroform and the extracts were dned over magnesium sulfate. filtered and evaporated. The compound was punfied by flash chromatography using 5-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent. The hydrochloπde salt was prepared by evaporation of the product-containing fractions, dissolution of the residue in methanol, addition of excess hydrogen chlonde solution (IM in diethyl ether) and evaporation. Recrystalhsation from methanol / diethyl ether gave the dihydrochloπde salt of the title compound as solid (141 mg); MS (ES + ) 340 (MIX). Example 68 (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) Prepared by a method analogous to that descπbed in example 1 from (R)-N-(l-aza- bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde) and 3-formylphenyl boronic acid . tetrakιs(tπphenylphosphme)palladιum (0), sodium carbonate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water . The compound was punfied by reverse phase HPLC on a Waters Bondapak® C, 8 column using a gradient of acetomtnle and 0.1% aqueous tnfluoroacetic acid as the eluent. The free base was prepared by basification of the product-containing fractions. The aqueous layer was extracted by chloroform and evaporated to gave the title compound; MS (ES + ) 341 (MET 1" ) Example 69 rR)-N-(l-Azabιcvclor2.2.21oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fhvdroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide) To the solution of rR)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3- formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde) (875 mg) in methanol (15 mL), sodium borohydnde (97.2 mg) was added. The mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 4h. The residue was partitioned between water and chloroform. The extracts were dned over magnesium sulfate. filtered, and evaporated, and the residue was then punfied by flash chromatography using 5-20% 3.5M methanohc ammonia / chloroform mixtures as the eluent to give the title compound (547 mg); MS (ES + ) 343 (MET).

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A compound of formula I: wherein: IV V D is oxygen or sulfur; E is a single bond, oxygen, sulfur, or NR 10 ; R is hydrogen or methyl; Ar 1 is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, wherein there is no more than 1 oxygen or sulfur atom; Ar " is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, wherein there is no more than 2 oxygen or sulfur atom; or an 8-, 9- or 10-membered fused aromatic or heteroaromatic πng system containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, wherein there is no more than 2 oxygen or sulfur atoms; wherein when Ar2 is unsubstituted phenyl, Ar 1 is not pyrazolyl; wherein the aromatic πngs Ar 1 and Ar 2 are substituted with 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen. ^alkyl, C 2 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, CN. NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 and CF 3 ; but if Ar 1 is phenyl and Ar 2 is qumolynyl, then Ar 2 is substituted with 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from C 2 _ alkenyl, C2 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 and CO 2 R 4 ; R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently C,. 4 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C(O)R 5 , C(O)NHR 6 , C(O)R 7 , SO 2 R 8 ; or R 1 and R 2 may together be (CH 2 ) J G(CH 2 ) k where G is oxygen, sulfur, NR , or a single bond, k is 0, 1 or 2; R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are independently C, 4 alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or an enantiomer thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; with the provisos that: (1) if D represents oxygen, E represents a single bond, and A represents. and either Ar 1 or Ar" represents a pyrazole ring , then all optional substituents on the pyrazole πng shall be hydrogen; and (2) if Ar 1 represents a pyndine πng, Ar 2 represents an aryl nng, and A represents: then all optional substituents on the pyndine nng shall be hydrogen; and (3) formula I does not represent: 2. A compound according to Claim 1 , wherein D represents oxygen. 3. A compound according to Claim 2, wherein E represents a single bond. 4 A compound according to Claim 2, wherein E represents oxygen or NR 10 5. A compound according to Claim 1, wherein A represents 6. A compound according to Claim 1, wherein Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom, or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof 7. A compound according to Claim 5, wherein Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. A compound according to Claim 1, wherein Ar 1 represents phenyl. furyl, thiophenyl or thiazolyl. 9. A compound according to Claim 5, wherein Ar 1 represents phenyl. furyl, thiophenyl or thiazolyl. 10. A compound according Claim 1, wherein Ar" represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 11. A compound according Claim 5, wherein Ar" represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 12. A compound according Claim 9, wherein Ar 2 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic nng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 13. A compound according claim 11 wherein Ar 2 represents a phenyl, furyl, thiophenyl, or pyπdmyl. 14. A compound according claim 12 wherein Ar" represents a phenyl, furyl. thiophenyl, or pyndinyl. 15. A compound according Claim 1, wherein Ar 1 is substituted with the carboxamide or thiocarboxamide group C(=D)NHA, but no further substituents. 16. A compound according Claim 14, wherein Ar 1 is substituted with the carboxamide or thiocarboxamide group C(=D)NHA, but no further substituents. 17. A compound according to Claim 15, in which the -EAr" and the carboxamide or thiocarboxamide group C(=D)NHA substituents on Ar 1 are positioned in a 1,3-relationship relative to each other. 18. A compound according to Claim 16, in which the -EAr" and the carboxamide or thiocarboxamide group C(=D)NHA substituents on Ar 1 are positioned in a 1,3-relationship relative to each other. 19. A compound according to Claim 1, wherein Ar 1 or Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from: halogen, Cι_ 4 alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 alkynyl, CN. NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 . 20. A compound according to Claim 14, wherein Ar 1 or Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from: halogen, C-. alkyl, C 2 _ 4 alkenyl, C 2 _ 4 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 . 21. A compound according to Claim 1 wherein A represents: II D represents oxygen; E represents a single bond; Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic nng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; Ar" represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; the aromatic nng Ar 1 is substituted with Ar 2 and the carboxamide group C(=O)NHA, but no further substituents; and Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from: halogen, Ci alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH^R'R 2 , OR J , CH 2 OR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 . 22. A compound according to claim 21, wherein Ar represents a benzene nng, furan nng, or thiophene πng; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 23. A compound according to Claim 1, wherein: A represents: II D represents oxygen; E represents a oxygen or NH; Ar 1 represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic nng containing zero or one nitrogen atom, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; Ar" represents a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic πng containing zero to three nitrogen atoms, zero or one oxygen atom, and zero or one sulfur atom; the aromatic nng Ar 1 is substituted with EAr 2 and the C(=O)NHA group, but no further substituents; Ar 2 is substituted with zero or one substituents selected from halogen, C ! - alkyl, C 2 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, CN, NO 2 , NR'R 2 , CH 2 NR'R 2 , OR 3 , CELOR 3 , CO 2 R 4 , and CF 3 . 24. A compound according to Claim 23, wherein Ar 1 represents a benzene πng, furan πng, or thiophene ring; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 25 A compound according to Claim 24, in which the EAr2 and the carboxamide group, C(=O)NHA on Ar 1 , are positioned in a 1,3-relationship relative to each other; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 26. A compound according to Claim 1, said compound being selected from the group of: N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct -3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct -3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxarnιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct ■3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct •3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- •3-yl)(3-(3-pyndyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct -3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct* 3-yl)(3-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)benzarmde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(3-fluorophenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(3-methylphenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(2-thιenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(3,5-dιchlorophenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(2-naphthyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct- 3-yl)(3-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2 2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)furan-2-carboxarmde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxarmde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(4-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylammo)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tnfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(Ν-acetylammo)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N'-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide), N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnohnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιc\clo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdylarmno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-morphohnyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxarmde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(amιnomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) ; N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); and N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 27. A compound according to Claim 1, said compound being selected from the group of: (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (Λ -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thienyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-pyridyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-fluorophenyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-methylphenyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-thienyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)benzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-naphthyl)benzamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(4-fluorophenyl)benzamide); (7?)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thienyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thienyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (fl N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-furyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(4-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxarmde). (/?)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nιtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxarmde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tnfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylammo)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)furan-2- carboxamide); RJ-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ammophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)thιazole-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnohnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxarmde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-3-carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide), (R)-N-(l-Aza-bιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndylamιno)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Aza-bιcyclo[2 2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-moφholmyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(ammomethyl)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-amιnophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde) ; R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylamιno)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-formylphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); and (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 28. A compound according to Claim 1, said compound being selected from the group of: (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylfuran-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); ( , R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-thιenyl)benzamιde); (R N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-phenylbenzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)benzamιde); (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-(2-thιenyl)benzamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-benzo[b]furanyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyndyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-thιenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde), (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-naphthyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-furyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyndyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (RJ-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (/?)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-(2-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylam no)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-mtrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-tnfluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamιno)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ethoxyphenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3,5-dιmethyhsoxazol-4-yl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-ammophenyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyndyl)thιophene-3-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamιde); (Rj-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N,N-dιmethylammo)phenyl)thιophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(8-quιnohnyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); (5)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyπdyl)thιophene-2-carboxamιde); 5)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); 5)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (5J-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenylthiophene-3-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-methylamino)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (RJ-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridylamino)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(aminomethyl)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythiophene-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-aminophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide) ; (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N.N-dimethylamino)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); and (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 29. A compound according to Claim 1, said compound being selected from the group: (R N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(4-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-nitrophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)furan-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(N-acetylamino)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-aminophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide); (S)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (5)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(2-pyridyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide); (R N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-cyanophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-phenoxythiophene-2-carboxamide); (RJ-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-aminophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide); or (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-(3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)thiophene-2- carboxamide); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 30. A compound according to any one of Claims 1 to 29, for use in therapy. 31. Use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 29, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders or intellectual impairment disorders. 32. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 29, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of human diseases or conditions in which activation of the cc7 nicotinic receptor is beneficial. 33. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 29, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease, learning deficit, cognition deficit, attention deficit, memory loss, Lewy Body Dementia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, mania or manic depression, Parkinson's disease, Huntmgton's disease, Tourette's syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders in which there is loss of chohnergic synapse, jetlag, cessation of smoking, nicotine addiction including that resulting from exposure to products containing nicotine, pain, or ulcerative colitis. 34 A method of treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders or intellectual impairment disorders, which compnses administenng a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 29. 35 A method of treatment or prophylaxis of human diseases or conditions in which activation of the α7 nicotinic receptor is beneficial which compnses administenng a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 29. 36. The method according to Claim 35, wherein the disorder is Alzheimer's disease, learning deficit, cognition deficit, attention deficit, memory loss, Lewy Body Dementia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, mania or manic depression, Parkinson's disease, Huntmgton's disease, Tourette's syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders in which there is loss of chohnergic synapse, jetlag, cessation of smoking, nicotine addiction including that resulting from exposure to products containing nicotine, pam, or ulcerative colitis. 37. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 29, which compnses: reacting a compound of formula VI: VI wherein J represents halogen, or OSO 2 CF 3 substituent at the position of πng Ar at which the bond to nng Ar is formed with a organometalhc compound of formula VII; Ar— M VII in the presence of a organometalhc catalyst and solvent. 38. A compound of formula VI VI wherein. Ar represents a benzene, furan, or thiophene nng, J represents halogen, or OSO 2 CF 3 , provided that when Ar represents a benzene nng, J may only represent bromine, iodine, or OSO 2 CF 3 in a position meta or para to the carboxamide group; or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 39. A compound according to claim 38, said compound being selected from the group: N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(3-ιodobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(4-ιodobenzamιde); N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); or N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2 2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-3-carboxamιde); or an enantiomer thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 40. A compound according to claim 38, said compound being selected from the group: (R)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromofuran-2-carboxamιde); (R -N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); S)-N-(l-Azabιcyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothιophene-2-carboxamιde); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-bromobenzamide); (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromobenzamide); (R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(3-iodobenzamide); (R N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-iodobenzamide); R)-N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(4-bromothiophene-2-carboxamide); or (R -N-(l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)(5-bromothiophene-3-carboxamide); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Inventors: PHILLIPS EIFION, SCHMIESING RICHARD, PHILLIPS, EIFION, SCHMIESING, RICHARD
Applicants: ASTRAZENECA AB, PHILLIPS EIFION, SCHMIESING RICHARD, PHILLIPS, EIFION, SCHMIESING, RICHARD
Application year: 2001
Main classification: C07D453
IPC codes: A61K31, A61P1, A61P7, A61P9, A61P11, A61P17, A61P19, A61P25, A61P29, A61P37, A61P43, C07D453, C07D475, C07D487, C07D513