METHOD OF RECYCLING DISPERSION PAINT SUBSTANCES OR GLUES FROM WASTE WATER AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME

Abstract: Recycling dispersion paints selected from the group containing acrylates, acrylate alkyds, acrylate styrene, and acrylate polyurethane copolymers, was based paints, or glues selected from a group containing acrylic dispersion paint substances, dispersion polyvinylacetate, phenolaldehyde, and starch base glues, urea aldehyde, and melamine aldehyde glues and mixtures of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glues, from waste water and liquid waste, based upon chemical and physical treatment by alkalisation followed by coagulation by way of primary argillasceous coagulants and secondary organic acrylate coagulants, and separation and dewatering of coagulation products by filtration and their returning to the production and treatment process, is performed. An apparatus for performing the method and serving for intermittent recycling is also disclosed. Further two apparatuses have been described, the one for continuous recycling with sedimentation of the coagulate, the other for continuous recycling with flotation of the coagulate.

Description: Method of recycling dispersion paint substances or glues from waste water and apparatus for performing the same. Field of technology The invention relates to a method of recycling dispersion paint substances selected from a group containing acrylic, acryloalkydic, acrylate styrene and acrylate polyurethane copolymers, wax coatings or glues selected from a group containing dispersion acrylates, dispersion polyvinylacetates, phenolaldehydes, starch, urea aldehydes, melamine aldehydes and mixtures of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glues, from waste water and liquid waste, based upon chemical and physical treatment by alkalisation followed by coagulation by means of primary argillaceous coagulants and secondary organic acrylate coagulants and separation and de-watering of coagulation products by filtration and their returning to the production and treatment process. Prior art Urea aldehyde glues with low emission of toxic formaldehyde are currently used in the production of plywood sheets, agglomerated plates, and furniture. The construction joinery uses also polyvinylacetate based dispersion glues and one part as well as two-part acrylic paints. The production of special plywood sheets, glued carrying structures and balks according to high strength requirements regarding the glued joint, water and weather resistance, makes melamine and phenolaldehyde based glues preferable. The usual manufacturing and treatment processes are intermittent, as a rule, and during the interruptions the equipment should be cleaned for preventing the glue to dry and harden within the manufacturing equipment. The above glues have usually 45 to 65 mass per cent of dry matter, the rest is water. The glues of urea, melamine, phenolic and dispersion type that are diluted under 20 mass per cent during the water cleaning process lose their homogeneity and get separated from water on the surface of the equipment as a sticky precipitate that is difficult to remove due to exceeded miscibility with water. Melamine glues, e.g., require the utilization of a pressure-washing device or expensive washing solutions based upon anti-adhesive detergents, but the latter cause the degradation of glues in liquid waste, disabling their recycling. In the course of washing with water hydrolytic processes take place, phormaldehyde being eliminated from the methylol groups of glue chains and from the residual contents of formaldehyde adates with urea and melamine, resulting in multiple increase of formaldehyde in liquid waste/waste water, depending upon the contents of glue, pH, water temperature, the degree of dilution, and especially the effect of primary alkali containing free hydroxyle ions causing more than ten times higher elimination of formaldehyde into waste water. The loss of formaldehyde from the glue chain reduces its hydrophility, i.e. water solubility, resulting in its degradation for secondary use. A similar degradation by the effect of water takes place in phenolic glues. The finishing of furniture, the constructional joinery, the printing of technical paper, the foundries and mechanical engineering production are areas where the traditional solvent based paints are increasingly replaced with environmentally more appropriate water based acrylics or modified acrylate alkydes, acrylate polyuretanes and acrylate styrenes that have become hydrophilous due to this modification and, accordingly, have achieved water solubility. Similar environmental friendliness has been achieved in water dispersions of natural waxes. Ruling out solvents is a major hygienic and environmental benefit, allowing to clean the treatment machinery with water. Urea based, melamine and phenolic glues are polycondensates with formaldehyde and their biological resistance rules out biodegradation in water environment, such as in waste water treatment plants. Their liquid waste is classified in category Y-13 and the waste of paints in category Y-12, i.e. dangerous waste. Thermal disposal in combustion plants of industrial waste is expensive. When burning urea and melamine glues, the triple mass content of nitrogen oxides, NO x , originates from the nitrogen contained in them. The development of toxic dioxin and of further dangerous mutants has been proven in this process. Various types of chemical pretreatment are used for the disposal of the above mentioned liquid wastes of glues at the present day, separating the glues and paints from water by coagulants in order to be disposed for pay after dewatering as dangerous waste. Methods allowing to recycle the glues from waste waters at the place of origin, returning them to the manufacturing process, are economically and environmentally more beneficial. Pretreatment methods are known according to CS AO No 170877 for waste waters with urea aldehyde glue and according to CS AO No 172482 for phenolic glues. According to them the glues are separated from waste water by precipitation using solutions of primary coagulants based upon argillaceous and iron salts under simultaneous effect of organic acrylate flocculants accelerating the sedimentation of glue flocks. Their common drawback resides in that the condensed fractions of the glues are separated as sticky particles during the washing of the equipment, and during the precipitation of waste waters they sorb flocks of precipitated glues onto their surface, resulting into renewed turbidity of cleared water above the sediment. Removing this turbidity leads to increased consumption of coagulants, to lower pH of waste water and the sediment to pH 5 to 4.5, which is a region that is close to the condensation of glues and their recyclates. Another method is known according to CS AO No 215605 relating to the adaptation of waste water from the manufacture of chipboard and agglomerated plates containing urea aldehyde or melamine aldehyde glues. Waste water is modified by alkalization using sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide over pH 7 using polyelectrolytic stabilization effects on the basis of acrylic acid, i.e. flocculant and in some cases also primary argillaceous, ferric and lime coagulants are added. This method does not solve cases of the manufacture of plywood boards and furniture where the treated waste water can not be recycled for glue mixtures that have no additions of water, except for water contained in the solution of the stiffener. A considerable ecological failure is the excessive secondary soiling of treated water by separated formaldehyde entering the product, namely the plywood plates, due to the recycled glue, thus worsening its hygienic haraifulness due to desorption. A continuous universal equipment for separating flocculated organic impurities from waste waters is known according to the Czech patent No 279043, allowing their separation by way of flotation supported by pressure aerated cleared water, which is brought about either from the bottom over a plate sprinkler arranged at the bottom of the flocculator against the onflow of waste water introduced from above, using a primary coagulating agent and a tangential uplift along the internal side of the flotator. Water from the flocculator flows through the openings of a common bottom onto the coagulator and from the latter by openings under the lid into the flotator from which the aerated flotate of sludge can overflow over the top into a circumferential collar sludge interceptor, whereas the clarified water is discharged through a pipe from the bottom of the flotator vessel through a height adjustable outflow into a collecting vessel. The disadvantage of such embodiment consists in that the articulate internal structure with rectangular transitions causes the flotate to sediment and to get tapped in the equipment, which is undesirable from the viewpoint of the required smooth recycling and retaining the utility characteristics of the flotate. Although both glues and paints are rather expensive chemical products, the handling of the respective liquid waste results in their total devaluation, except for the mentioned option of coagulating glues by argillaceous salts and the treatment of waste water containing urea aldehydes for being recycled in the production of chipboards.. This causes considerable manufacturing and ecological losses, including undesirable cost of waste disposal. The surface treatment of construction wood products, e.g., results in losses of 15 to 40 mass per cent of paints due to overspraying. Summary of the invention The aim of the invention is to substantially eliminate the above drawbacks and deficiencies of the existing known recycling methods of the mentioned glues and paints and to create an apparatus for separating the mentioned products from waste waters and liquid waste so as to achieve full- fledged recycling within the original manufacturing and treatment process in which the waste water had originated. This task is met and the above drawbacks and deficiencies of known solutions are done away with by the method of recycling dispersion paints selected from the group containing copolymers of acrylates, acrylate alkyds, acrylate styrene, and acrylate polyurethane copolymers, further wax based paints, or glues selected from the group containing acrylic dispersion paint substances, dispersion polyvinylacetate, phenolaldehyde, and starch base glues, urea aldehyde, and melamine aldehyde glues and mixtures of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glues, from waste water and liquid waste, based upon chemical and physical treatment by alkalisation followed by coagulation by primary argillaceous coagulants and secondary organic acrylate coagulants and upon the separation and de-watering of coagulation products by filtration and their returning to the production and treatment process, characterised in that waste water and liquid waste containing acrylic dispersion paint substances or their copolymers of acrylate alkyde, acrylate styrene, or acrylate polyurethane type, or wax dispersion paints, or dispersion glues of the acrylate, the polyvinylacetate, or phenol aldehyde type of starch glues are alkalised to achieve pH 8 to 9.5 by way of a water solution containing 5 to 15 mass per cent of monovalent alcalic metal carbonate for retaining the utility features of the intermediary recycling product in the waste waters, while the waste water and liquid waste containing urea aldehyde or melamine aldehyde glues or their mixtures are alkalised to achieve pH 8 to 9.5 by way of a water solution containing 5 to 15 mass per cent of monovalent alcaline metal carbonate with the admixture of 40 mass per cent of urea, related to the water solution of a monovalent alcaline metal carbonate, whereupon the intermediary recycling product is separated by coagulation by way of a solution containing 5 to 10 mass percent of argillaceous salt under the concurrent effect of a water solution containing 0.1 to 0.2 mass percent of an anionactive acrylate flocculant under pH 7 to 5.8. According to the invention an addition of 1 to 20 mass per cent of urea can be made to the mixture of urea aldehyde glue, and melamine aldehyde glue containing from 70 through 99 mass per cent of urea aldehyde glue, or 20 to 40 mass per cent of urea to the mixture of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glue containing from 70 through 99 mass per cent of melamine aldehyde glue. The substance of an apparatus for intermittent recycling comprising a reactor having a cylindrical case and a tapered bottom consists in that at the upper edge of the reactor, adjacent to the internal surface of its cylindrical case, a sieve filter is arranged with the mouth of the inlet pipe of waste water and, in direction to the internal surface of the cylindrical case, with a discharge chute and further a three-chamber graduated dispenser for treatment solutions, said chambers of which being provided with respective discharge pipes mouthing through the outer side over inlet fittings into the lower part of the internal area of the reactor over which the driving electric motor is arranged, the vertical shaft of which carries, close to the tapered bottom, a mixing and scraping bar, at least one adjustable mixing tool being accommodated between the bar and the driving electric motor, the lower part of the cylindrical case of the reactor having at least one discharge fitting with a discharge pipe mouthing above a separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor and consisting especially of a dewatering unit. The substance of an apparatus for continuous recycling with sedimentation of the coagulation product, containing also a reactor with cylindrical case and tapered bottom consists in that the internal space of the reactor accommodates a co-axial cylindrical coagulator provided at its bottom with an enlarged mouth having an axial mixing device with mixing paddles, and at its upper end a tangentially entering inlet pipe of waste water mixture with stabilising agent and coagulant and, further a flocculant inlet pipe opening into the bottom part of the cylindrical coagulator, whereas the reactor is provided, at the upper internal edge at the level of the overflow surface (Hv), with a circumferential withdrawal of cleared water mouthing outside the reactor into the outlet piping 62 ending above a separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor and consisting especially of a dewatering unit. The substance of the apparatus for continuous recycling with flotation of the coagulant, comprising also a reactor with a cylindrical case and tapered bottom consists in that the reactor is provided, at mid height of the cylindrical case, with a tapered ring partition having outlet elements of pressure air arranged at its higher positioned internal edge, the upper end of reactor being provided with a vertical cylindrical inner structure the bottom part of which has a bell shaped surface adjacent, with a gap, to the internal surface of the cylindrical case, the upper end of the cylindrical inner structure being provided with a ring shaped cover under which, at the overflow level (Hv), a circular outlet trough of cleared water is arranged to which, outside the reactor, the outlet piping is attached that mouths above the separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor and consisting especially of a dewatering unit, whereas the bottom part of tapered bottom accepts the tangential entrance of the inlet pipe of the waste water mixture with the stabilising and coagulating agents and, above the same, also a tangential entrance of the flocculant piping, whereas at the level of the upper surface (Hf) the reactor is provided with a rotary scraping arm of the floatation product and with a collecting interceptor with outlet tube mouthing into the discharge piping. It is favourable, if the separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor and comprising in particular the dewatering unit with discharge piping provided with a system of valves of which the first valve mouths into the collecting tank provided with a return pipe entering into the dewatering unit, the second valve being connected to the sewage system and the third valve mouthing into the re-pumping vessel having a pump for withdrawing the filtrate for utilisation, whereas adjacent to the dewatering device a container for the dewatered recycling product and a dissolving vessel of the recycling product with a mixer are accommodated. The advantage of the recycling method according to the present invention consists in that it unifies the recycling technologies both of the respective glues and of the respective paints, which is enabled by their almost identical chemical basis created by hydrocarbon chain molecules in a similar way as in case of the hydrocarbon chain molecules of glues that are either urea aldehyde or melamine aldehyde or phenol aldehyde based, the chains of all these types comprising hydrophilic hydroxyle groups or amine groups or metylol groups ensuing both the solubility and dispersion capacity in water of these glues and paints. During glueing or surface treatment chemical reactions of chemical functional groups take place due to the evaporation of water, to the effect of temperature, of time and further technological factors, so as to combine chains of molecules and result in netting, while a glued joint or a paint film are brought about. The unified method of recycling the above glues and the above paint substances has a considerable economical and ecological impact, in particular for woodworking, furniture, papermill and foundry industries applying glues and paints simultaneously. An advantage of the apparatus according to the present invention resides in the possibility of its arrangement within the area of preparation and processing of glues and paints allowing it to combine in a unified, almost waste free technological manufacturing system with purposefully organised follow-up servicing. The concept of all embodiments of the apparatus including functional inner structures according to the type of operation and of controlling the technological process depending upon the level, time, and pH are designed so as to maintain the necessary chemical and physical properties of the partial stages of the intermediary recycling product within the reactor in all single stages, thus excluding any delays, ageing and loss of utility properties of the intermediary recycling product in the region of coagulation during the operation. It has been proven that the addition of more than 10 mass per cent of the recycling product produced by way and in the equipment according to the present invention into the new paint does increase the coverage power of the original paint. The same has been proven during mixed recycling of acrylate dyes with starch glue added to new acrylic dye. It has been also proven that the addition of starch recyclate into the original starch above the level of 10 mass per cent extends the time of its resistance against moulds in the course of carton production. Examples of embodiment of the method according to the invention Example 1 Waste water containing any of the dispersion acrylic paints or their acrylate alkyds or acrylate styrene or acrylate polyurethane copolymers, or wax based dispersion paints, or dispersion acrylate, polyvinilacetate, or phenolaldehyde glues, or starch glues, will be alkalised by stabilising agent created by 6 % water solution of sodium carbonate to pH 8.5 under slow mixing and homogenisation. Then it is coagulated by 6 per cent water solution of aluminium phosphate under simultaneous effect of 0.1 per cent of a water solution of anionactive acrylate flocculant so as to achieve pH 6.8. When the mixing is over, the coagulate of the intermediary recycling product is left to sediment. If the waste water contains a dispersion type wax paint mass, the coagulate of the intermediary product will float onto the surface. The cleared water above the sediment or under the float product will be filtered and used, as need be, for the production process or can be mixed with sewage water and subject together with them to biological purification. The coagulate created by the sediment or the floating product of the intermediary product will be de- watered and returned according to its type for being utilised in the production. Example 2 Waste water containing any of the paints or glues according to the example 1 should be alkalised by a stabiliser created by 14 per cent water solution of sodium carbonate so as to achieve pH 9.5 under slow mixing and homogenisation. Then it is coagulated by 9 per cent water solution of aluminium sulphate under simultaneous effect of 0.2 per cent water solution of anionactive acrylate flocculant so as to reach pH 5.8. When the mixing is over, the coagulate of the intermediary recycling product is left to sediment. If the waste water contains any dispersion wax paint mass, the coagulate of the intermediary product will float on the level. The cleared water above the sediment or under the floating product will be filtered and used, as need be, for the production process or can be mixed with sewage water and subject together with it to biological purification. The coagulate created by the sediment or the floating product of the intermediary product will be de- watered and returned according to its type for being utilised in the production. Example 3 Waste water containing urea aldehyde glue, or a mixture of 98 per cent urea aldehyde glue and 2 per cent melamine aldehyde glue should be alkalised by a stabiliser created by 8 per cent water solution of sodium carbonate with the addition of 5 mass per cent of urea to pH 8.5 under slow mixing and homogenisation. Then it is coagulated by 6 per cent water solution of aluminium sulphate under simultaneous effect of 0.1 per cent water solution of anionactive acrylate flocculant so as to achieve pH 6.8. When the mixing is over the coagulate of the intermediary recycling product is left to sediment. The cleared water above the sediment will be filtered and used, as need be, for the production process or can be mixed with sewage water and subject together with it to biological purification. The coagulate created by the sediment of the intermediary product will be de-watered and returned according to its type for being utilised in the production. Example 4 Waste water containing melamine aldehyde glue, or a mixture of 98 per cent melamine aldehyde glue and 2 per cent urea aldehyde glue should be alkalised by a stabiliser created by 14 per cent water solution of sodium carbonate with the addition of 38 mass per cent of urea to pH 9.5 under slow mixing and homogenisation. Then it is coagulated by 9 per cent water solution of aluminium sulphate under simultaneous effect of 0.2 per cent water solution of anionactive acrylate flocculant so as to achieve pH 5.8. When the mixing is over the coagulate of the intermediary recycling product is left to sediment. The cleared water above the sediment will be filtered and used, as need be, for the production process, or can be mixed with sewage water and subject together with it to biological purification. The coagulate created by the sediment of the intermediary product will be de-watered and returned according to its type for being utilised in the production. Review of figures in the drawings Examples of embodiments of an apparatus for performing the method according to the present invention have been depicted in drawings where Fig. 1 represents a diagrammatic vertical axial section of the first example of embodiment of an apparatus for intermittent recycling, Fig. 2 a diagrammatic vertical axial section through the second example of embodiment of an apparatus for continuous recycling with coagulant sedimentation and Fig. 3 a diagrammatic vertical axial section of the third example of embodiment of an apparatus for continuous recycling with coagulate flotation. Examples of embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention The apparatus for discontinuous recycling according to Fig. 1 is created by reactor \ in shape of a vertically oriented vessel with cylindrical coat 2 and tapered bottom 3. The upper part of the reactor I contains, next to the internal surface of cylindrical coat 2, a sieve filter 4 provided with effluent chute 5 directed to this internal surface. The inlet pipe 6 of waste water mouths into the sieve filter 4. Reactor I is provided, in its vertical axis, by mixing device 7 comprising a driving electric motor 8, the vertical shaft 9 of which bears a mixing and scraping bar 10 close to the tapered bottom 3 of reactor I, while between said bar 10 and the driving electric motor 8 at least one height adjustable mixing tool IT is fixed, depending upon the level of liquid in reactor 1. The upper part of reactor I accommodates a three-chamber metering device for treatment liquids, the first chamber 13 being intended for the stabilizing agent, the second chamber 14 for the coagulant and the third chamber 15 for the flocculant. Each of the chambers 13, 14, 15 is provided with one of the discharge pipes 16, 17, 18 mouthing from the outer side of reactor I into the bottom part of its internal space through one of three inlet fittings 19, 20, 21. Close to the tapered bottom 3 of reactor 1 the cylindrical coat 2 contains the inbuilt pH meter 22 that is electrically connected to the inlet fittings 19, 20, 21 for controlled dosage of the operation liquids. Reactor I is further provided by level meter 23 with not illustrated signaling, said meter being electrically connected with the inlet pump 84. Above the tapered bottom 3 of reactor \ the cylindrical coat 2 contains inbuilt outlet fittings 24 with discharge pipe 25 mouthing above the separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the tapered bottom 3 of reactor L The tapered bottom 3 of reactor 1 is provided by outlet 36 with closing valve 37 that is connected with discharge pipe 25. The separate second part of the equipment is created in particular by the dewatering unit 26 containing, e.g., a filtration cloth 27. The dewatering unit 26 is provided with outlet pipe 28 having a system of valves of which the first valve 29 mouths into the collecting tank 30 provided with return pipe 31 mouthing into the dewatering unit 26, the second valve 32 is connected with not illustrated sewage and the third valve 33 mouths into the re-pumping tank 34 provided with pump 35 for pumping the filtrate for further utilization. Next to the dewatering unit 26 the tank 38 for the de-watered recycling product and the dissolving tank 39 with mixer 40 are accommodated. The apparatus for continuous recycling with sedimentation of the coagulate according to Fig. 2 consists also of reactor 1 in form of a vertically accommodated vessel with cylindrical coat 2 and tapered bottom 3. The internal space of reactor I houses the coaxially inbuilt cylindrical coagulator 41 provided with widened mouth 42 at its bottom end. The mixing device 7 containing the driving electric motor 8 3 on the vertical shaft 9 of which mixing paddles 43 are attached, is located within the axis of cylindrical coagulator 41. The inlet piping 44 for the mixture of waste water with the stabilizing and coagulating agent mouths tangentially into the cylindrical coagulator 41, as well as the intake piping 45 for the flocculant entering into the bottom part of cylindrical coagulator 41. The inlet piping 44 follows the delivery pipe 46 for the mixture of waste water with the stabilizing agent, the delivery pipe 46 leaving the mixer 47 accepting the mouth of the waste water pipe 46 that is connected with the stabilizing reservoir 49 with additional piping 50. The delivery pipe 48 comprises pH meter 51 that is electrically connected with the outlet valve 52 of the stabilizing vessel 49. The inlet pipe 44 accepts the additional pipe 53 connected to the coagulant reservoir 54. For the dosage of the coagulant into the inlet pipe 44 and thus into the cylindrical coagulator 4J . this cylindrical coagulator 41 contains the immersed sensor 55 of another pH meter 56 that is electrically connected with the drainage valve 57 of the coagulating agent reservoir 54. The intake pipe 45 of the flocculating agent is connected to the outlet of the flocculant reservoir 58 the metering valve 59 of which is electrically connected with flow meter 60 inserted in the delivery pipe 46. Reactor I is further provided, at its internal upper edge, on the overflow level Hv with circumferential outlet 61 for allowing clear water to get into the discharging pipe 62 mouthing into the separate second part of the equipment, not illustrated in Fig. 2, arranged under the level of tepered bottom 3 of reactor I and consisting in particular of dewatering unit 26 in the same way as described in the apparatus for intermittent recycling according to Fig. 1. The tapered bottom 3 is also provided with outlet 36 with closing valve 37 for draining the sediment of the intermediary product of the coagulate into the dewatering unit 26, not illustrated in Fig. 2. The closing valve 37 is electrically connected with metering device 85 measuring the intensity of the opacity of the sedimenting intermediary product. The bottom part of cylindrical coat 2 of reactor \ is provided with an inspection opening 63 for observing the height of the floating filtration floccular bed of the intermediary coagulate. The sampling fitting 64 is accommodated next to the inspection opening 63. The bottom mixer 47 and the delivery pipe 46 are provided with further sampling fittings 65, 66 for samples, and possibly also for the evacuation, especially of mixer 47. The apparatus for continuous recycling with floating of the coagulate according to Fig. 3 is created by reactor \ in form of a vertically orientated vessel with cylindrical coat 2 and tapered bottom 3. Reactor 1 is provided with a tapered ring shaped partition 67 at its mid height that is anchored to the internal surface of cylindrical coat 2 by its circumferential part that is located lower. The internal rim 68 of the tapered ring shaped partition 67 is provided with outlet elements 69 of supply 70 of pressure air. A vertical cylindrical inner structure 71 is arranged under the upper rim of reactor I and provided with a bell shaped widening 72 at its lower end, adjacent to the internal surface of cylindrical coat 2, with a gap, and provided with a ring shaped cover 73 at its upper end for anchoring the whole cylindrical inner structure 71 to cylindrical coat 2 of reactor I. In the space around the cylindrical inner structure 71 a circular discharge trough 74 for the outlet of cleared water is arranged at the required height of the overflow level Hv, the continuation of said trough being created by discharge pipe 62 mouthing under tapered bottom 3 into the outlet 36 provided with closing valve 37 for drainage of sludge from reactor I. At the level of the upper surface Hf next to the upper edge of reactor 1 the output shaft 75 of driving electric motor 76 bears a pivotable scraping arm 77 for scraping the floating product from the upper surface Hf into the collecting tank 78. The operation of scraping arm 77 is controlled by measuring device 86 located at the cylindrical coat 2 of the reactor \ between the top of the ring shaped cover 73 and the upper surface Hf of the floating intermediary product. The measuring device 86 is electrically connected with the driving electric motor 76. The floating product is removed from the collecting tank 78 by outlet tube 79 into the discharge pipe 62 mouthing above the separate second part of the apparatus, not illustrated in Fig. 3, arranged under the level of tapered bottom 3 of reactor I and created in particular by dewatering unit 26 in the same way as in the apparatus for intermittent recycling according to Fig. 1. Reactor I at the lower part of tapered bottom 3 accepts tangentially the mouth of inlet pipe 44 of mixture of waste water with stabilizer and coagulant, following the delivery pipe 46 of the mixture of waste water with stabilizer while the delivery pipe 46 leaves the mixing vessel 80 that accepts the additional pipe 53 connected to coagulant reservoir 54. Also mixer 47 mouths into the mixing vessel 80, said mixer receiving the waste water supply pipe 48 that is connected with the stabilizing reservoir 49. The delivery pipe 46 is provided with another pH meter 81 that is electrically connected with drainage valve 57 of coagulant reservoir 54. In addition to that the supply pipe 46 is further provided with flow meter 60 that is electrically connected with metering valve 59 at the outlet of flocculant reservoir 58 the intake piping 45 of which is again tangentially mouthing into the tapered bottom 3 of reactor I above the tangential mouthing of inlet pipe 44 for the mixture of waste water with stabilizer and coagulant. Above the anchoring of tapered ring shaped partition 67 to the internal surface of cylindrical coat 2 of reactor 1, the latter is provided with the upper discharge fitting 82, and at the transition area between the cylindrical coat 2 and the tapered bottom 3 with the lower discharge fitting 83. The bottom of mixer 47 and the delivery piping 46 are provided with sampling fittings 65, 66 for samples, or possibly for emptying, especially the mixer 47 similarly to the apparatus according to Fig. 2. An example of an embodiment for intermittent operation according to Fig. 1 operates as follows: Waste water is supplied through the inlet pipe 6, depending upon the level of liquid in the reactor i, into sieve filter 4 wherefrom it flows into the internal space of reactor over discharge chute 5 to the internal wall of cylindrical coat 2. From the chambers 13, 14, 15 of three-chamber dispensing unit 12 the stabilizing, coagulating and flocculating agents are supplied through the respective pipes 15, 17, 18 through the outlet fittings 19, 20, 21 to the bottom part of reactor 1 where they get mixed with waste water by the mixing and scraping bar 10 and at least one height adjustable mixing tool H arranged above bar TO. In case of automatic control of the apparatus the stabilisation and coagulation is controlled by way of metering the stabilising and coagulating agent by pH meter 22 that is electrically connected with inlet fittings 19, 20. The effect of the above treatment liquids results in homogenisation, stabilisation, and following coagulation of the intermediary recycling product, under continuous creation of flocks that are not sticky and sediment after the mixing gets stopped with simultaneous clearing of water above the sediment, the cleared water being removed through discharge fitting 24 and discharge pipe 25 into dewatering unit 26 of the independent second part of the apparatus. The sediment is evacuated from reactor 1 separately through outlet 36 over closing valve 37 into dewatering unit 26. This apparatus for intermittent operation allows also the recycling of dispersion type wax paints in that after the coagulation and flocculation the intermediary product floats onto the level of filled reactor 1. Upon draining the cleared water under the flotate that will have dropped by this action into the tapered bottom 3, the floating product gets removed from the reactor 1 through outlet 36 over closing valve 37 into the dewatering unit 26. Herefrom the filtrate flows through outlet pipe 28 and, as case be, either through first valve 29 into collecting tank 30 for returning to dewatering unit 26, if the filtrate contains fine flocks, or through the second valve 32 into the sewage system, or by third valve 33 into the re-pumping tank 34 wherefrom it is pumped by pump 35 for further use. The dewatered recyclate can be, e.g., transferred manually from the dewatering unit 26 into container 38 wherefrom it gets to the dissolving tank 39 with mixer 40. After the recyclate will get solved, it will be supplied to the treatment process. An example of embodiment for continuous recycling with coagulate sedimentation according to Fig. 2 operates as follows: The mixture of waste water with stabilising and coagulating agents is brought tangentially by inlet pipe 44 into cylindrical coagulator 41 where their flow is oriented from the top to the bottom. The inlet pipe 44 is filled from the delivery pipe 46 supplying the mixture of waste water with stabilising agent leaving mixer 47 into which said mixture gets from waste water pipe 48 into which the stabilising agent from stabilising reservoir 49 is metered by additional pipe 50 over outlet valve 52 controlled by pH meter 51 that is arranged in the delivery pipe 46. The mentioned mixture in delivery pipe 46 is modified by coagulant metered from the coagulant reservoir 54 through additional pipe 53 over the drainage valve 57 controlled by pH meter 56 reading pH values directly in the cylindrical coagulator 41. The bottom part of cylindrical coagulator 4T, depending upon the volume of through-flow of waste water with stabilising agent through the delivery pipe 46 with flow meter 60 gets an amount of flocculant metered from the flocculant reservoir 58, which results into the creation of a floccular filtration bed of the coagulate in the bottom part of reactor 1 the floating of which can be observed by the inspection hole in the cylindrical coat 2 of reactor 1. The cleared water rises through the ring shaped space around the cylindrical coagulator 41 to the top where it flows over into the circumferential outlet unit 61 wherefrom it is removed by discharge pipe 62 to the dewatering unit 26. The sediment from the floccular bed of the coagulant is drained from reactor 1 separately through outlet 36 over closing valve 37 into dewatering unit 26 where operations as described in example 1 take place. An apparatus for continuous recycling with coagulate flotation according to Fig. 3 operates as follows: The mixture of waste water with the stabilising and coagulation agents is brought tangentially by inlet pipe 44 into the internal space above the lower part of tapered bottom 3 of reactor 1 where the coagulation of the intermediary product rising into the zone with flocculant takes place. This mixture enters the inlet pipe 44 from the delivery pipe 46 that is filled from the mixing vessel 80 receiving liquid from mixer 47 that gets waste water through the waste water pipe 48 wherein the stabilising agent is metered through additional pipe 50 over outlet valve 52 controlled by pH meter 51 arranged between mixer 47 and mixing vessel 80 whereto a coagulating agent is metered from coagulant reservoir 54 through additional pipe 53 over outlet valve 57 controlled by pH meter 81 arranged in the delivery pipe 46. The flocculating agent is brought, also tangentially, into the zone above intake pipe 44, and namely through intake pipe 45 over metering valve 59 controlled by flow meter 60 arranged in delivery pipe 46. The flocculating agent brings about the finishing of coagulation and the creation of flock aggregates. The aggregated flotate flocks rise to the conical ring shaped partition 67 and further through its central opening upwards where the rising movement of the flotate is accelerated, being supported by the effect of pressure air leaving the outlet elements 69 along the internal rim 68 of tapered ring shaped partition 67. Above the same the flotate enters a bell shaped widening 72 of the cylindrical inner structure 71 wherefrom the flotate rises to the space above the level of ring shaped cover 73 and gets to the upper level Hf wherefrom it is scraped by scraping arm 77 into the collecting tank 78. Herefrom it is removed by outlet pipe 79 into the discharge pipeline 62. The cleared water from the flotate rises along the internal wall of cylindrical coat 2 into the gap between cylindrical coat 2 and the external circumference of the bell shaped widening 72 where it flows over into the discharge through 74 wherefrom it leaves through discharge pipe 62 into dewatering unit 26 where operations as described in example 1 take place. Industrial applicability The recycling method and an apparatus for recycling the mentioned dispersion paints or mentioned glues can be utilised, especially in furniture manufacturing for glueing wooden elements of furniture and its finishing with dispersion paints. List of reference numbers 1 reactor 26 dewatering unit 2 cylindrical coat 27 filtration cloth 3 tapered bottom 28 outlet pipe 4 sieve filter 29 first valve 5 discharge chute 30 collecting tank 6 inlet pipe 31 return pipe 7 mixing device 32 second valve 8 driving electric motor 33 third valve 9 vertical shaft 34 re-pumping tank 10 mixing and scraping bar 35 pump 11 mixing tool 36 outlet 12 three-chamber graduated dispenser 37 closing valve 13 first chamber 38 tank 14 second chamber 39 dissolving tank 15 third chamber 40 mixer 16 discharge pipe 41 cylindrical coagulator 17 discharge pipe 42 widened mouth 18 discharge pipe 43 mixing paddle 19 inlet fitting 44 inlet piping 20 inlet fitting 45 intake piping 21 inlet fitting 46 delivery pipe 22 pH meter 47 mixer 23 level meter 48 waste water pipe 24 discharge fitting 49 stabilizing reservoir 25 discharge pipe 50 additional piping pH meter 76 driving electric motor outlet valve 77 scraping arm additional pipe 78 collecting tank coagulant reservoir 79 outlet tube sensor 80 mixing vessel pH meter 81 pH meter drainage valve 82 upper discharge fitting flocculant reservoir 83 lower discharge fitting metering valve 84 inlet pump flow meter 85 metering device circumferential outlet 86 measuring device discharge pipe inspection opening sampling fitting sampling fitting sampling fitting ring shaped partition internal rim outlet element supply cylindrical inner structure bell shaped widening ring shaped cover discharge trough output shaft

Claims: C L A I M S 1. Method of recycling dispersion paint substances selected from a group containing acrylic, acryloalkydic, acrylate styrene and acrylate polyurethane copolymers, wax coatings or glues selected from a group containing dispersion acrylates, dispersion polyvinylacetates, phenolaldehydes, and starch, urea aldehydes, melamine aldehydes and mixtures of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glues, from waste water and liquid waste, based upon chemical and physical treatment by alkalisation followed by coagulation by means of primary argillaceous coagulants and secondary organic acrylate coagulants and separation and de-watering of coagulation products by filtration and their returning to the production and treatment process, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t waste water and waste containing acrylic dispersion paint substances or their copolymers of acrylate alkyde, acrylate styrene, or acrylate polyurethane type, or wax dispersion paints, or dispersion glues of the acrylate or the polyvinyl acetate, or the phenol aldehyde glues are alkalised to achieve pH 8 to 9.5 by way of a water solution containing 5 to 15 mass per cent of monovalent alcaline metal carbonate for retaining the utility features of the intermediary recycling product in the waste waters, while the waste water and liquid waste containing urea aldehyde or melamine aldehyde glues or their mixtures are alkalised to achieve pH 8 to 9.5 by way of a water solution containing 5 to 15 mass per cent of monovalent alcaline metal carbonate with the admixture of 40 mass per cent of urea, related to the water solution of a monovalent alcaline metal carbonate, whereupon the intermediary recycling product is separated by coagulation by way of a solution containing 5 to 10 mass percent of argillaceous salt under the concurrent effect of a water solution containing 0.1 to 0.2 mass percent of an anionactive acrylate flocculant under pH 7 to 5.8. 2. Recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that an addition of 1 to 20 mass per cent of urea is made to the mixture of urea aldehyde glue and melamine aldehyde glue containing from 70 through 99 mass per cent of urea aldehyde glue. 3. Recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that an addition of 20 through 40 mass percent of urea is made to the mixture of urea aldehyde and melamine aldehyde glue containing from 70 through 99 mass per cent of urea aldehyde glue. 4. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 comprising a reactor having a cylindrical coat and a tapered bottom and serving for intermittent recycling, characterized in that at the upper edge of reactor (1) adjacent to the internal surface of its cylindrical coat (2) a sieve filter (4) is arranged with the mouth of the inlet pipe (6) of waste water and, in direction to the internal surface of cylindrical coat (2), with a discharge chute (5) a and further a three-chamber graduated dispenser (12) for treatment solutions, the chambers (13, 14, 15) of which being provided with respective discharge pipes (16, 17, 18) mouthing through the outer side over inlet fittings (19, 20, 21) into the lower part of the internal area of the reactor (1) over which the driving electric motor (8) is arranged, the vertical shaft (9) of which carries, close to the tapered bottom (3), a mixing and scraping bar (10), at least one adjustable mixing tool (11) being accommodated between the bar (10) and the driving electric motor (8), the lower part of the cylindrical coat (2) of the reactor having at least one discharge fitting (24) with discharge pipe (25) mouthing above a separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor 1 and consisting especially of a dewatering unit (26). 5. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 containing a reactor with cylindrical coat and tapered bottom for continuous recycling and sedimentation of the coagulation product, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the internal space of reactor (1) accommodates a co-axial cylindrical coagulator (41) provided at its bottom with a widened mouth (42) having an axial mixing device (7) with mixing paddles (43) and at its upper end a tangentially entering inlet pipe (44) of waste water mixture with stabilising agent and coagulant and further a flocculant intake pipe (45) opening into the bottom part of the cylindrical coagulator (41), whereas the reactor (1) is provided, at the upper internal rim at the level of the overflow surface (Hv), with a circumferential outlet (61) of cleared water mouthing outside the reactor (1) into the discharge pipe (62) ending above a separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor (1) and consisting especially of a dewatering unit (26). 6. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 containing a reactor with cylindrical coat and tapered bottom for continuous recycling and with floating the coagulant, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the reactor (1) is provided, at mid height of the cylindrical coat (2), with a tapered ring shaped partition (67) having outlet elements (69) of pressure air arranged at its higher positioned internal rim (68), the upper end of reactor (1) being provided with a vertical cylindrical inner structure (61) the bottom part of which has a bell shaped widening (72) adjacent, with a gap, to the internal surface of the cylindrical coat (2), the upper end of the cylindrical inner structure (71) being provided with a ring shaped cover (73) under which, at the overflow level (Hv), a circular discharge trough (74) of cleared water is arranged to which, outside the reactor (1), the discharge pipe (62) is attached that mouths above the separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of the reactor (1) and consisting especially of a dewatering unit (26), whereas the bottom part of tapered bottom (3) accepts the tangential entrance of the inlet pipe (44) of the waste water mixture with the stabilising and coagulating agents and, above the same, also a tangential entrance of the flocculant intake piping (45), whereas at the level of the upper surface (Hf) the reactor (1) is provided with a pivotable scraping arm (77) of the flotation product and with a collecting tank (78) with outlet tube (79) mouthing into the discharge piping (62). 7. Apparatus according to claims 4, 5 and 6 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the separate second part of the apparatus arranged under the level of reactor (1) and comprising in particular the dewatering unit (26) with outlet pipe (28) provided with a system of valves of which the first valve (29) mouths into the collecting tank (30) provided with a return pipe (31) entering into the dewatering unit (26), the second valve (32) being connected to the sewage system and the third valve (33) mouthing into the re-pumping tank (34) having a pump (35) for withdrawing the filtrate for utilisation, whereas adjacent to the dewatering unit (26) a tank (38) for the dewatered recyclation product and a dissolving tank (39) of the recyclation product with mixer (40) is accommodated.

Inventors: POLINEK VLASTIMIL, POLINEK, VLASTIMIL
Applicants: ASIO SPOL S R O, POLINEK VLASTIMIL, ASIO, SPOL. S.R.O., POLINEK, VLASTIMIL
Application year: 2001
Main classification: C02F1
IPC codes: C02F1, C02F9