MASSAGING APPARATUS USING INFLATABLE BLADDERS

Abstract: A massaging apparatus (10) which utilizes an array of air inflatable bladders (A, B, C, D). The array is to be located in conjunction with a portion of the body of a human. The array can be mounted within a housing (172, 190, 280, 210, 230, 240) such as a flexible belt-type of device (172, 208, 210) or can comprise a rigid stand-type of device (190, 230, 240) within which is incorporated one or more pockets (192) in order to accommodate a human appendage such as a foot. A separate inflation apparatus (10, 232) is associated with the array which is to supply and extract pressurized air to and from the inflatable bladders. The inflation apparatus utilizes at least one opposed piston assembly (78, 80) so that when one piston (100, 102, 108, 110) is supplying pressurized air to certain bladders the other piston is extracting pressurized air from certain other bladders thereby achieving a sequence of alternating pressurizing and depressurizing which produces a desirable massaging effect on the human body.

Description: MASSAGING APPARATUS USING INFLATABLE BLADDERS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1 ) FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a massaging apparatus for a portion of the body of a human for alternatingly applying and removing pressure to the human body for the purpose of achieving a soothing comfortable massage and as an aid in increasing blood flow and stretching muscle and connective tissue. 2) DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Massaging devices for the human body have long been known. One form of a massaging device that has been utilized in the past uses inflatable bladders. Each inflatable bladder is inflated and deflated to replicate a massaging effect when the inflatable bladder is located against the body of a human. Such inflatable bladder massaging devices have been successful at changing the pressure points under a seated or prone patient and also for the purpose of increasing blood circulation by forcing out the blood from an area of the body and thus allowing the capillaries to refill. In the past, such inflation and deflation of bladders in conjunction with massaging devices have been deemed to be relatively a slow procedure. It would be desirable to have this inflation and deflation to be more rapid which would increase the overall effect of the massaging apparatus and also increase blood circulation. In the past, these inflating massaging devices have been known to use different sets of inflatable cells. When one set of cells is being inflated, a second set of cells is being deflated. In order to achieve this inflation and deflation of different cells, there has been utilized a separate inflation device with control valves for each group of cells. This has greatly complicated the structure that is utilized and has inherently caused the inflation and deflation of the air cells to be at a slower than optimal rate. Another disadvantage of such prior art inflation/massaging devices is that each of the inflating and deflating strokes do not necessarily pressurize to precisely the same pressure each and every time. This varying of pressure degrades the overall effect of the massaging device. A still further disadvantage of prior art inflation/massaging devices is that deflation of a cell is accomplished solely by letting the cell leak into the ambient during non-pressurization of the cell. This deflation is slow usually requiring from several seconds to minutes in time. Inflation and deflation should be rapid (approximately one to two seconds) to achieve the most desirable affects. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The structure of the present invention relates to a massaging device which utilizes a bladder array which includes a series of inflatable bladders. The series of inflatable bladders are divided into a first series and a second series with the first series being inflated when the second series is being deflated, and vice versa. The inflation and deflation is achieved by air being pressurized into one or more bladders during inflation and sucked out of one or more other bladders during deflation. The array may be mounted within a housing which can take numerous forms such as a pad, a flexible wrap or a base member which includes pockets that are to be connectable with a human appendage such as a foot. The inflation device is in the form of an opposed piston assembly which is to be driven by an electric motor, and when the pistons move in one direction, a first series of bladders are inflated and a second series of bladders are deflated. When the piston assembly moves in the opposite direction, the reverse is true. The result is because deflation is occurring in the manner of sucking out the air from the bladders, make rapid inflation and deflation is obtained. The opposed piston design substantially reduces the complexity of the inflation and deflation apparatus. By using two separate opposed piston units there are four pistons with the pistons being located ninety degrees out of phase to even out loading on the motor. One of the objectives of the present invention is to construct an extremely effective massaging apparatus which utilizes a series of inflatable bladders with the apparatus that is utilized to achieve this inflation and deflation being of simple construction and therefore can be manufactured at a reasonable cost and sold at a reasonable cost to the consumer. Another objective of the present invention is to use a system for inflation and deflation which achieves rapid inflation and deflation. Another objective of the present invention is to utilize a simple means to change the pattern of the inflation and deflation procedure within a series of bladders for the purpose of providing a different effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a partially cut-away view of an inflation mechanism housing showing the mechanical components that are utilized to achieve inflation and deflation of the massaging apparatus of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 showing an opposed piston unit in a first position; Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing the same opposed piston unit in a second position; Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showing the opposed piston unit in a third position; Figure 5 is a functional schematic view showing the pair of opposed piston units included within the massaging apparatus of the present invention in the position to inflate totally inflatable bladder A of four in number of separate inflatable bladders; Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the opposed piston assembly in the position to totally inflate inflatable bladder B; Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 but showing the opposed piston assembly in the position to totally inflate inflatable bladder C; Figure 8 is a functional schematic view similar to Figure 7 but showing the opposed piston assembly in the position to totally inflate inflatable bladder D; Figure 9 is a view of a bladder housing which is included within the massaging apparatus of the present invention which is to be applicable to the back area of a human user; Figure 10 is a cut-away front view of the inflatable bladder housing showing the inflatable bladders contained within the housing of the embodiment shown in Figure 9; Figure 1 1 is a side elevational view of a stand alone massaging apparatus which is to be usable for massaging the feet of a human user; Figure 1 2 is an isometric view of a configuration of wrap that is to be placed on the feet of the human user showing the wrap in a partially cutaway view with each wrap including a plurality of inflatable bladders which are to be sequentially inflated and deflated to produce a massaging affect on the foot; Figure 1 3 is an isometric view of one of the wraps shown in Figure 1 2 showing it mounted on a human foot; Figure 14 is an isometric view of a chair within which is incorporated a massaging apparatus of the present invention; Figure 1 5 is an isometric view of a pad which is to be used in conjunction with a typical chair; and Figure 1 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of a piston and cylinder that is used in the opposed piston units included within the massaging apparatus of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring particularly to Figures 1 -8 and 1 6 of the drawings, there is shown a housing 20 that contains the mechanism to achieve the inflation and deflation of the massaging apparatus 10 of the present invention. Mounted on the exterior surface of the housing 20 is a carry handle 22. Normally, this carry handle 22 will be designed to pivot from a stowed position from cavity 21 formed within the housing 20 to a position extended from the housing 20 which is shown in the drawings. The designing of handles 22 so as to be pivotable to out of way positions during non-usage has long been known and does not constitute patentable subject matter in this invention. The housing 20 includes an internal chamber 24. Mounted within the internal chamber 24 is an electric motor 26 which is connected to a cooling fan blade 28. The electric motor 26 is to be electrically connected to a pushbutton switch 29 which is mounted on the housing 20 and located primarily within the internal chamber 24. Electrical power from an exterior source is to be supplied to the electric motor 26 through plug 30. Activation of the switch 29 is to cause turning on and turning off of the motor 26. The motor 26 has an output shaft 32. Mounted on the output shaft 32 is a pulley 34. Connecting with the pulley 34 is a belt 36. The belt 36 is also connected to a much larger in size pulley 38. The pulley 38 is mounted on a shaft 40 which is rotationally mounted between a pair of mounting plates 42 and 44. The mounting plates 42 and 44 are fixedly mounted to the housing 20 and are located within internal compartment 24. Mounted on the shaft 40 is a pulley 46 which is much smaller in size than the pulley 38. A belt 48 engages with the pulley 46. The belt 48 also connects to a pulley 50 which is much larger in size than the pulley 46. The pulley 50 is fixedly mounted onto a shaft 52 which is rotationally mounted between the mounting plates 42 and 44. Mounted on shaft 52, between the pulley 50 and the plate 42, is a small sized pulley 54. An identical sized pulley 56 is also mounted on the shaft 52 and located between the pulley 50 and the mounting plate 44. Belt 58 connects with pulley 54. Belt 60 connects with pulley 56. Belt 58 connects with large sized pulley 62. Belt 60 connects with a similar large sized pulley 64. The pulleys 62 and 64 are fixedly mounted onto output shaft 66. One end of output shaft 66 is fixed to a wheel 1 58 with the opposite end of output shaft 66 being fixed to a wheel 1 54. Off center mounted on the wheel 1 54 is a jack shaft 70. Off center mounted on wheel 1 58 is a jack shaft 68. Jack shaft 70 is mounted within elongated slot 72 of a crank arm 74. The jack shaft 68 is also mounted within a similar elongated slot, which is not shown, of a crank arm 76. The crank arm 76 is part of an opposed piston unit 78. The crank arm 74 is part of an opposed piston unit 80. The opposed piston units 78 and 80 are basically identical. It is to be understood that once the electric motor 26 is activated that the opposed piston units 78 and 80 would continuously operate with the piston assemblies in each opposed piston unit 78 and 80 reciprocating continuously. The opposed piston unit 80 includes a channel shaped bar 82. Fixedly mounted between the legs of the channel shaped bar 82 are a pair of cylinders 84 and 86. The cylinder 84 includes an internal chamber 88. The cylinder 86 also includes an internal chamber 90 which is the same configuration as internal chamber 88 and is longitudinally in alignment therewith. In a similar manner, there is a channel shaped bar 82 fixedly mounted onto the mounting plate 42. Fixedly mounted in conjunction between the legs of the channel shaped bar 90 are a pair of cylinders 92 and 94. Cylinder 92 has an internal chamber 96. Cylinder 94 has an internal chamber 98. Again, the internal chambers 96 and 98 are longitudinally aligned. Cylinders 92 and 94 are part of the opposed piston unit 78 and cylinders 84 and 86 are part of the opposed piston unit 80. Mounted within the internal chamber 88 is a piston 1 00. Mounted within the internal chamber 90 is a piston 1 02. Piston 1 00 is mounted on piston rod 1 04. Piston rod 1 04 is fixedly connected to the crank arm 74. The piston 1 02 is fixedly mounted on piston rod 1 06. The piston rod 1 06 is also fixedly mounted to the crank arm 74. In a similar manner, mounted within the internal chamber 96 is a piston 1 08. A similar piston 1 1 0 is mounted within the internal chamber 98. Construction of the pistons 100, 102, 108 and 1 10 are all identical. Piston 108 is connected by piston rod 1 68 to crank arm 76. Piston rod 1 70 connects piston rod 1 1 0 to crank arm 76. Referring particularly to Figure 1 6, detailed constructional features of the piston 1 02 is shown with it being understood that pistons 1 00, 1 02, 1 08 and 1 1 0 will also be constructed in an identical manner. Piston 1 02 includes an annular peripheral groove 1 1 2. Mounted within the groove 1 1 2 is an O-ring 1 1 4. It is to be noted that the groove 1 1 2 is longitudinally oversized . That is the O- ring 1 1 4 is capable of a limited amount of longitudinal movement between a back wall 1 1 6 and a front wall 1 1 8. Back wall 1 1 6 is in the shape of a circular disk and forms a slight space defined as a annular gap 1 20 with the wall of the internal chamber 90. In a similar manner, the front wall 1 1 8 also is basically in the shape of a disk and forms an annular gap 1 22 relative to the wall surface of the internal chamber 90. The back wall 1 1 6 is completely solid and does not include any openings. However, the front wall 1 1 8 does include a pair of openings 1 24 and 1 26. The function of the openings 1 24 and 1 26 will be explained further on in the specification. Generally, the openings 1 24 and 1 26 are no more than one-quarter inch wide. Formed within the body of the piston 1 02 is a through hole 1 28. Connecting with the inner surface of the through hole 1 28 is an annular chamfer 1 30. The annular chamfer 1 30 forms a seat for ball 1 32. The ball 1 32 connects with a coil spring 1 34. The coil spring 1 34 is mounted within a spring housing 1 36. The spring housing 1 36 includes a pair of holes 1 38 and 140. It is to be understood that the pistons 1 00, 1 02, 1 08 and 1 1 0 are movably mounted within their respective internal chambers 88, 90, 96 and 98. During compressive movement of the piston 1 02 in the direction of arrow 142 within the internal chamber 90, the inherent drag of the wall of the internal chamber 90 against the O-ring 1 1 4 will force the O-ring 1 1 4 directly against the back wall 1 1 6. As pressure begins to build within the internal chamber 90, this pressurized air will be conducted through the openings 1 24 and 1 26 to within the groove 1 1 2 and apply pressure against the O-ring 1 1 4. This causes the 0- ring 1 1 4 to be squished and form a tighter seal against the wall of the internal chamber 90 preventing escape of the pressurized air past the O-ring 1 1 4. The coil spring 1 34 is preset to an established force so that only upon the pressure within the internal chamber 90 exceeding a predetermined value will the ball 1 32 be unseated which will permit release of the excess pressure through the through opening 1 28 to the opposite side of the piston 1 02 therefore comprising a pressure relief device. The pressurized air, after passing through the through opening 1 28, is conducted through the holes 1 38 and 1 40. During movement of the piston 102 in the decompressing direction, represented by arrow 144, the O-ring 1 1 4 will move away from the back wall 1 1 6 when the force of the drag against the wall of the internal chamber 90 exceeds the force of the air pressure being applied against the O- ring 1 1 4 from the pressurized air contained within the internal chamber 90. At that point, there will be a created as annular gap 1 20 which includes the space between O-ring 1 14 and wall of the internal chamber 90. The annular gap 1 20 allows air within the internal chamber 90 to return to ambient air pressure. In order to prevent over pressurization from even possibly occurring, and to assure that full pressurization occurs, it is desirable to begin at ambient air pressure that is neither elevated pressure nor vacuum, any time the piston 1 02 starts to move in the compressing direction which is in the direction of arrow 142. Referring particularly to Figures 2-4, the opposed piston unit 80 shows the piston 100 in the bottom dead center position and the piston 1 02 in the top dead center position in Figure 2. From the chamber 90, pressurized air is supplied to connector 146 and a suction is applied from chamber 88 to connector 1 48. At the same time, a lesser degree of pressurization of air is supplied from internal chamber 98 to connector 1 50 with an approximately similar degree of pressurization being supplied from internal chamber 96 to connector 1 52. As the electric motor 26 is driven, the opposed piston units 78 and 80 are driven in a reciprocating manner with unit 80 being ninety degrees out of phase of unit 78. This ninety degree phase relationship is generally preferred as opposed to one hundred eighty degrees out of phase relationship for the reason of evening out the load on the motor. It is to be understood that one hundred eighty degrees out of phase would also provide a good massaging effect and is to be considered within the scope of this invention. Jack shaft 70 is mounted on a wheel 1 54 which is rotated in the direction of arrow 1 56 which causes the opposed piston unit 80 to be moved from the position shown in Figure 2, which is the limit of movement in the downward direction, to an intermediate position shown in Figure 3 and then to the limit of movement in the upper position shown in Figure 4. The jack shaft 70 will move entirely throughout the length of the elongated slot 72 for each revolution of the wheel 1 54. The internal chamber 88 connects with conduit 1 60 which connects with the connector 146. Conduit 1 62 connects with the internal chamber 90 and to connector 1 48. Conduit 1 64 connects with the internal chamber 96 and to connector 1 50. Conduit 1 66 connects with the internal chamber 94 and to connector 1 52. Referring particularly to Figures 9 and 1 0, there is shown a flexible wrap housing 1 72 which is capable of being placed about the body of a human 1 74. The wrap housing 1 72 is particularly designed to accommodate to the lower back of the human 1 74. The wrap housing 1 72 has ends 1 76 and 1 78 which are to be secured together as being connected by a fastener arrangement such as commonly sold under the trademark of Velcro. Included within the housing wrap 1 72 are bladders A, B, C and D. Each of the bladders are of the same size and are circular in shape although the size of the bladders could vary as well as their shape. Bladder A is connected to conduit 1 80. Bladder B is connected to conduit 1 82. Bladder C is connected to conduit 1 84. Bladder D is connected to conduit 1 86. Each of the conduits 1 80, 1 82, 1 84 and 1 86 pass through a shroud 1 87 and terminate at a connector 1 88. The connector 1 88 is to be connectable to connectors 1 46, 148, 1 50 and 1 52. Conduit 1 80 connects with connector 1 46, conduit 1 82 connects with connector 1 48, conduit 1 84 connects with connector 1 50 and conduit 186 connects with connector 1 52. Referring particularly to Figures 5-8, when the opposed piston units 78 and 80 are in the position shown in Figure 5, bladder A is being pressurized. The air is being almost entirely removed from bladder C while bladders B and D are each partially pressurized. As the opposed piston units 78 and 80 continue to move, the next bladder that is pressurized is bladder B with bladder D being totally unpressurized and bladders A and C being partially pressurized. This is shown in Figure 6. Referring particularly to Figure 7, as the opposed piston assemblies 78 and 80 continue to move, bladder C then becomes completely pressurized with bladder Athen being totally unpressurized. Bladders B and D are then partially pressurized. Referring particularly to Figure 8, bladder D is then totally pressurized with bladder B being completely unpressurized . Bladders A and C are partially pressurized. This sequence continues to repeat itself with pressurization of a particular bladder to occur only for a few seconds which means the same bladder is repressurized about every ten to fifteen seconds. It is to be understood that valving could be incorporated to change the sequence of inflation. Instead of the inflation sequence of A, B, C and D, the bladders could be sequentially inflated A, D, B and C or A, C, B and D. Referring particularly to Figure 1 1 , there is shown a foot massager 1 90. The foot massager 1 90 is a stand type of unit which includes a compartment 1 92 into which a human is to insert his or her feet 1 94. Located in conjunction with the compartment 1 92 are a plurality of bladders 1 96 with five in number of such bladders being shown. The bladders 1 96 are to be inflated and deflated by an opposed piston inflation and deflation apparatus 1 98 which is mounted within the foot massager 1 90. Electricity is to be supplied to the apparatus 1 98 by supply cord 200. Activation of the apparatus 1 98 is to occur by pressing of power switch 202. There may also be included a source of heat in conjunction with each of the bladders 1 96. Operation of that heat is by means of activation of switch 204. Referring particularly to Figure 1 2, there is shown an embodiment 206 of foot massager which does not comprise the stand type of unit of Figure 1 1 . The embodiment 206 is shown being mounted on a foot 226 in Figure 1 3. The embodiment 206 utilizes two separate wrap housings 208 and 21 0. The wrap housings 208 and 21 0 each include a plurality of bladders 21 2. The bladders 21 2 within the wrap housing 208 have been assigned numbers A and C with the bladders 21 2 in the wrap housing 210 being assigned numbers B and D. Each wrap housing 208 and 21 0 includes a heel opening 21 4. A conduit 21 6 is to connect with all the bladders denoted as A. A conduit 21 8 connects with all the bladders denoted as C. A conduit 220 connects with all the bladders denoted as B. A conduit 222 connects with all the bladders denoted as D. Conduits 21 6 and 21 8, after passing through shroud 221 , and conduits 220 and 222 after passing through shroud 223 are all to be connected to connectors 146, 1 48, 1 50 and 1 52 respectively. The user is to place a heel of the foot within heel opening 21 4 and then the wrap housing 208 is wrapped about the user's foot and secured by fastener pads 224. Wrap housing 208 is to be applied to one foot and wrap housing 21 0 is to be applied to the other foot with the feet not being shown. Moving of the opposed piston units 78 and 80 will result in connector 1 46 inflating and deflating all the bladders A while connector 1 48 inflates and deflates all the bladders B. Connector 1 50 will cause inflation and deflation of all bladders referenced C and connector 1 52 will cause inflation and deflation of all bladders referenced D. The displacement volume of the unit must be in proportion to the volume of the bladders to be inflated. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 2, the combined smaller bladders correlate to the output displacement volume of the piston unit. In reference to Figure 1 0, the inflation sequence of bladders A, B, C and D is clockwise. The inflation sequence in Figure 1 2 is just alternating in conjunction with each foot. Referring particularly to Figure 1 4, a series of bladders 228 could be constructionally formed at the time of manufacture of a chair 230. The opposed piston inflation and deflation apparatus 232 is mounted within the confines of the chair 230. Control of the operation of the apparatus 232 is achieved by means of hand held controller 234. Referring particularly to Figure 1 5, there could be incorporated with the chair 236 a separate device, such as a housing 20, which connects by tube 238 which carries conduits 1 60, 1 62, 1 64 and 1 66 to a pad 240. The pad 240 is to include a plurality of bladders 242. The pad 240 is to be flexible so as to set within the seated area of the chair 236. The tube 238 connects the bladders 242 to the opposed piston units 78 and 80 which are mounted within the housing 20.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1 . A massaging apparatus comprising: an array of a plurality of air inflatable bladders, said array adapted to be placed against a portion of the body of a human; and inflation means connected to said array, said inflation means located spaced from said array, said inflation means for supplying air to said bladders, said inflation means including at least one opposed piston assembly including a first piston and a second piston, as said first piston is supplying pressurized air to one said bladder said second piston is removing pressurized air from another said bladder. 2. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 1 wherein: said array comprises a flexible housing permitting placement of said housing against a portion of the body of a human. 3. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 2 wherein: said housing is wrappable and securable about a portion of the body of the human. 4. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 1 wherein: said inflation means is operated by an electric motor. 5. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 1 including: a pressure relief device to prevent over inflating of said bladders. 6. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 5 wherein: said pressure relief device is mounted on both said first piston and said second piston with there being a separate said pressure relief device for each said piston. 7. A massaging apparatus comprising: a plurality of inflatable bladders mounted on a housing; and an electrically operated inflation means connected to said bladders, said inflation means to sequentially inflate and deflate said bladders, said inflation means inflates said bladders by supplying air to said bladders and deflates said bladders by withdrawing air from said bladders. 8. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 7 wherein: said inflation means comprises an opposed piston assembly which uses a first piston and a second piston, during inflation of said bladder by said first piston forcing air into said bladder there is simultaneously occurring deflation of at least one other said bladder by said second piston withdrawing air from said one other said bladder. 9. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 8 wherein: said opposed piston assembly comprises a pair of opposed piston units mounted so that their cycles are ninety degrees out of phase. 1 0. The massaging apparatus as defined in Claim 7 wherein: conduit means in the form of a plurality of separate conduits connecting between said bladders and said inflation means, each said conduit connects to a single said bladder, said inflation means having a plurality of connectors, said conduits to connect with said connectors with only a single said conduit connecting with a said connector, said conduits to interchangeably connect with said connectors in order to vary the sequence of which said bladders are inflated and which said bladders are deflated.

Inventors: CRAWFORD ALAN D, GRAHAM CLEVE A, MACKAY SPENCER L, PETERSEN JOHN R, WILSON CHRIS J, CRAWFORD, ALAN, D., GRAHAM, CLEVE, A., MACKAY, SPENCER, L., PETERSEN, JOHN, R., WILSON, CHRIS, J.
Applicants: MACKAY SPENCER L, MACKAY, SPENCER, L.
Application year: 2001
Main classification: A61H
IPC codes: A61H7, A61H23