THERMO ELECTRIC CURRENT NONCONTACT TYPE TWO CHANNEL ROTATING POSITIONING SENSOR

Abstract: The present invention relates to a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor which can accurately measure the magnitude of the magnetism caused by the rotation of a rotating body by eliminating the imbalance of the magnetism that can be generated due to the eccentricity of the rotating body, by sensing with two hall element the magnitude of magnetism detected by two sensing bars located in opposite places.

Description: THERMO ELECTRIC CURRENT NONCONTACT TYPE TWO CHANNEL ROTATING POSITIONING SENSOR Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor, and more specifically to a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor which can accurately measure the magnitude of the magnetism caused by the rotation of a rotating body by eliminating the imbalance of the magnetism that can be generated due to the eccentricity of the rotating body, by sensing with two hall element the magnitude of magnetism detected by two sensing bars located in opposite places. Background of the Invention Conventionally, a rotary positioning sensor is used to apply continuously changing physical changes of a rotating body to electric circuits, and rotary positioning sensors equipped with electric signal output facility are utilized in various ways in many industries. For example, they are used for opening degrees control of the engine throttle valve for a transport vehicle, rotation angle control of a steering shaft, treading control of an electromagnetic accelerator pedal, positioning control of heavy equipment or farm machines, or on-off measurement of a fluid feed valve. The methods of measuring rotary positioning include potentiometric sensing, coded disk shaft encoder sensing, hall elements sensing, magneto- resistive sensing, and inductive sensing types. And in actual use, it should be possible to operate at temperatures of -40°C to +70°C required by extreme operating conditions of commercial vehicle or heavy equipment and maintain a minimum endurance period of about 5 million times with ±2% required by environmental conditions of dust and vibration. It should be able to maintain an error range of ±2% and an endurance exceeding the minimum endurance period of about 5 million operation times required by environmental conditions of dust and vibration. However, the potentiometric rotary positioning sensor, which is made of a printed circuit board (hereinafter to be referred to as PCB) or a ceramic board processed with resistance tracks, has drawbacks such as change of electric characteristics due to temperatures and limits to the endurance period and measuring extent due to brush ware. For example, firstly, because of a wide-range change in resistance characteristic value according to temperature change, which is a general characteristic of electric resistance, the initial value adjusted at factory according to the characteristics of each engine exceeds the limit value in many cases of actual use. Secondly, because of the rolling wear contact structure between electric resistance track and brush, there is a change in durability reliability and a lack of accuracy due to the electrical noise caused by the peripheral electric devices and extreme operating conditions (dust, moisture, vibration, temperature). Thirdly, because of the mechanical structure due to rolling contact between electric resistance track and brush, extra mold should be made and mechanical performance testing should be done in order to change the electrical characteristics, which entails more time and cost. Examples include the limit to rated capacity (0.5 watt rated for commercial vehicle, 1.5 watts for heavy equipment) and change in resistance value (2.5 kΩ, 5 kΩ, single track, double track). Fourthly, the sensor switch load capacity is 50 μA or less on the average, which has limitations in controlling the load in electromagnetic control unit. Fifthly, it has limitations in having two or more switches built in the sensor due to the limit of the power supplied from the electromagnetic control unit. Summary of the Invention It is an object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non- contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor that can accurately measure the magnitude of magnetism at two place caused by rotation by eliminating the imbalance of magnetism that can occur due to the eccentricity of the rotating body, by having one or two hall element sense the magnitude of magnetism detected by two sensing bars located in different positions. It is another object of the present invention to make it possible to detect the intensity of magnetic force measured in two different positions in the same direction or mutually reverse direction according to the positioning of the hall element It is yet another object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor that can quantitatively detect each position of the rotating body, by adopting the method of digital detecting the present location by converting the detected signals into high-resolution digital signals using analog-to-digital converter, as well as utilizing as output signals of the sensor by measuring by means of change in voltage the changes of current detected by the hall element according to the magnitude of magnetism. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor that can eliminate limited life and electric sparks that can occur due to mechanical ware, reduce the number and size of parts, and save the manufacturing cost, by substituting a non-contact type photocoupler for a contact type switch of mechanical structure such as limit switch. It is still yet another object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor that enables to obtain accurate output values that have high linear degrees and low hysteresis in output signals, by stabilizing unstable amplitude or seismic level caused by extreme operating conditions such as temperature change, power source noise, noise due to amplification, electric motor, compressor, dust, moisture, and vibration. It is further another object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor that can output analog and digital signals with the same product and operate two or more signal switches in various rotary positions, by modifying microprocessor algorithm without changing the external appearance of the sensor. It is further another object of this invention to provide a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor of average 25 mA or less, which can operate three signal switches having a load capacity of 50 mA or less in various rotary positions with the same part without any physical change by using a comparison logic switch circuit without changing the external appearance. In accordance with this present invention, a less current consuming non- contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor a housing with a receipt seat formed on the bottom, a cover with sensor mounting holes and through hole for covering the housing, a rotating body whose one end seats on the receipt seat of the housing and whose flange in the middle is joined to the circumference of the through hole of the cover to be supported in a rotatable manner within the housing and whose top end is formed with a coupling slot, a rotary shaft whose one end is coupled with the rotating body by a coupling protuberance inserted into the coupling slot and whose other end is coupled with the rotary object to be measured, a permanent magnet inserted into the base of the rotating body, sensing bars placed in parallel around the base of the rotating body to detect the location of the permanent magnet, and a PCB placed in the housing so as to join with the sensing bars by inteφosing one or more hall element. Brief Description of the Drawings Other objects and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a rotating body illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic plane view of a permanent magnetic and sensing bars in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relation between voltage and angle of rotation at the rotary positioning sensor of the present invention FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing at programmable signal processor. FIG. 7 is a block diagram in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram for a power stable circuit of power supplying part in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of 2-channel rotary positioning sensor in accordance with the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiments First, as shown in FIG. 1, less current consuming non-contact type 2- channel rotary positioning sensor 1 according to the present invention is equipped with a rotary shaft 10 with spline formed for joining with the object to be measured such as engine, motor frame or pedal, and a rotary shaft 10 is mounted on a housing 30 in a rotatable manner. The top of the housing 30 is covered with a cover 20, and the rear of housing 30 has a number of wires protruded. At the ends of these wires 74, terminals of various forms not shown are inserted to be connected with connectors or wire harnesses not shown. In the cover 20 are formed sensor mounting holes 22, which penetrate the housing 30 to couple the rotary positioning sensor 1 of the present invention with the object to be measured. At one end are formed adhesives injecting holes 26 for injecting adhesives such as silicone to prevent float of wires 74. Next, as shown in FIGs. 2 and 3, the rotary shaft 10 is joined to the rotating body 40 through a coupling protuberance 12 which is formed at bottom thereof, and around the rotating body 40 are placed two sensing bars 60 and 62. In bottom end base 46 of the rotating body 40 is inserted a permanent magnet 50, and the sensing bars 60 and 62 sense the positioning of the permanent magnet 50 transmitted through the rotary shaft 10 and transmit it to a PCB 70. The permanent magnet 50 is inserted in advance during insertion of plastic injecting molding of the rotating body 40, fixed securely to a base portion 46 of the rotating body 40, and reciprocates and rotates at an angle of about 90 in a reciprocal direction by the actions of the rotating body 40 and a return spring 82. Here, at the top end head 42 of the rotating body 40 is formed coupling slot 42a for inserting the coupling protuberance 12 of the rotary shaft 10, so by inserting the coupling protuberance 12 into the coupling slot 42a and fixing it, the rotary force of the rotary shaft 10 is exactly transmitted to the rotating body 40. Also, in the middle of the rotating body 40 is formed a joining flange 44. Therefore, at the same time when the top end head 42 of the rotating body 40 is inserted into the through hole 24 of the cover 20 during assembly, it is possible to support the rotating body 40 within the housing 30 5 in a rotatable manner, as the joining flange 44 is joined at a suitable interval between the bottom end circumference of the through hole 24 and sensor mounting holes 22. Around the top of through hole 24 are formed teeth 24a. In the bottom base 46 of the rotating body 40 is inserted the permanent magnet 50, and between this base 46 and the joining flange 44 is wound the 0 return spring 82 for returning to the original position the rotating body 40 rotated by the rotary shaft 10. Sensing bars 60 and 62 placed opposite each other at a given interval at both sides of the permanent magnet 50 are placed parallel in a manner of embracing the base 46 of the rotating body 40. Also, at the ends of sensing 5 bars 60 and 62 are formed the peφendicularly extending extensions 60a and 62a, 60b and 62b respectively, and in the gap between extensions 60a and 62a, 60b and 62b is placed two hall elements 72 and 73. These hall elements 72 and 73 are joined to PCB 70, acting the role of transmitting the displacements of permanent magnet 50 sensed through sensing bars 60 and 62. !0 In the housing 30 forming the external appearance of rotary positioning sensor 1 are formed lengthwise two long slots 34 where the sensing bars 60 and 62 are inserted, and between these long slots 34 is formed receipt seat 32 where receipt protuberance 48 formed on the base 46 of the rotating body 40 is received in a rotatable manner. Also, on the bottom of the housing 30 are !5 formed fixing holes 36 for fixing the PCB 70, and at the rear end is formed bottom crimp terminal 38 for preventing float by crimping wires 74 together with top crimp terminal 28 formed at the bottom end of the cover 20. To assemble, first place two sensing bars 60 and 62 in long lost 34 of the housing 30, and place the PCB 70 on the bottom of the housing 30 while placing the hall elements 72 and 73 between extensions 60a and 62a, 60b and 62b of sensing bars 60 and 62. At this time, fix the hall elements 72 and 73 on the bottom of the housing 30 by welding, for example. Next, place on the receipt seat 32 of the housing 30 the base 46 of rotating body 40 that has permanent magnet 50 inserted. At this time, between the joining flange 44 of the rotating body 40 and the base 46 is the return spring 82 wound in advance, and one end of the return spring 82 is fixed on the joining flange 44 and the other end is supported by the inner wall of the housing 30. Next, put and join the cover 20 on the top of the housing 30, while inserting a rubber O-ring 80 in the top end head 42 of the rotating body 40 to prevent inflow of water or foreign matter from outside. In this process, insert wires 74 connected to the rear end of the PCB 70 between the top crimp terminal 28 of the cover 20 and the bottom crimp terminal 28 of the housing 30 to crimp them, and then inject adhesives such as silicone through adhesives injecting holes 26 for assembly. In such a state of assembly, join the coupling protuberance 12 of the rotary shaft 10 to the coupling slot 42a formed on the top end head 42 of the rotating body 40 to complete assembly, and mount the rotary positioning sensor of the present invention on the object to be measured through sensor mounting holes 22. At this time, the rotary shaft 10 is assembled in such a manner that it can rotate as a single body together with the rotating part of the object to be measured. On the other hand, the base portion 46 of the rotating body 40 has an elliptical form as illustrated, so it has a structure whereby a 360-degree rotation is impossible inside the sensing bars 60 and 62. The sensing bars 60 and 62 play a role of stopper that prevents rotation of the base portion 46. Namely, it prevents the base portion from moving at an angle exceeding about 90 degrees in the positive direction. Therefore, the angle of rotation in the base portion becomes smaller, and as a result, it is characterized by the ability of minimizing the air gap. Next, FIG. 4 is a sketch showing layout of the sensing bars and permanent magnet of the present invention. As shown here, we can see that the pair of sensing bars 60 and 62 is placed opposite each other across a given interval (air gap) between both ends when each of the pair is positioned on a straight line with both ends of the permanent magnet 50. Also, since the hall elements 72 and 73 are placed between the upper and lower extensions 60a and 62a, 60b and 62b formed opposite each other on both ends of sensing bars 60 and 62, the magnetic field strength according to variation of the distance between both ends of the permanent magnet 50, which is transmitted through the rotary shaft 10 and the rotating body 40, can be transmitted to the hall elements 72 and 73. Also, since the direction of the transmitted magnetic field is changed according to the direction wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the hall elements 72 and 73 are inserted between the sensing bar extensions 60a, 62a, 60b and 62b, the output signals of the sensor are outputted positive or reverse. Namely, by positioning the sensing bars 60 and 62 closer to the inside of the magnetic field that is formed by the permanent magnet assembled to the elliptical base portion 46, the position sensor detects the changes of magnetic field by rotation of the permanent magnet to use them as sensor output. Since both ends of sensing bars 60 and 62 that are embracing the permanent magnet 50 are placed in such a manner that one magnetic field strength of the same permanent magnet 50 is transmitted to two hall elements 72 and 73 of the same point, the imbalance of magnetic force line caused by the inconsistency of air gap between the rotating body 40 and sensing bars 60 and 62 can be compensated. The electric signal detected at the hall element 72 is converted into digital signal by the PCB 70 before it is outputted as output signal and switch signal. As illustrated, it is designed to ensure the reliability of the sensor when assembling the hall elements, by outputting with the sensor two proportional and mutually complementing signals with respect to the same angle of rotation through two hall elements for the magnetic field strength of one identical permanent magnet 50. Next, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relation between voltage and angle of rotation at the rotary positioning sensor of the present invention. In this graph, the abscissa represents angle of rotation (θ) of the permanent magnet 50 and the ordinate represents output voltage (Vs). Signals outputted from sensor 1 are shown by a graph between angle of rotation (θ) and output voltage (Vs). As illustrated here, we can see output voltage (Vs) is obtained in proportion to angle of rotation (θ) in the rotary positioning sensor 1 of the present invention. Also, it is designed to obtain at least two short-circuit signals at two or more given voltage potentials of output signal. At this time, it is possible to change appropriately as necessary the on-off state of short- circuit signal. (Namely, it is also possible to maintain connection or insulation by keeping it on or off.) FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing at a programmable signal processor of rotating positioning sensor in accordance with present invention. First, have the output signal of the hall elements 72 and 73 inputted using comparators. For the standard voltage of the comparator, use Vdd voltage to extract three different standard voltages Vref. By using comparators 97, 98 and 99, we can obtain triggering signals of a given potential as desired by the user at 5V or less. These signals are handled by inputting into the electromagnetic control unit (ECU) of the vehicle through photocoupler. Fig. 7 is a block diagram of PCB according to the present invention. As mentioned above, the changes of the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet rotating together with the rotating body 40 by the rotary shaft 10 are detected by a pair of sensing bars 60 and 62, and the resultant field strength detected at the sensing bars 60 and 62 is transmitted to PCB 70 by the hall elements 72 and 73 placed between the extensions 60a and 62a, 60b and 62b of the pair of sensing bars 60 and 62 in the assembled condition protruded by a given length in the unilateral direction from the unilateral portion of PCB 70, so that the imbalance of the magnetic field generated by the eccentricity of the rotating body 40 is compensated. At this time, the instantaneous intensity of magnetic field detected in proportion to each angle of rotation of the permanent magnet 50 is amplified to high-level voltage through amplifier (AMP) 90, before it is given as output signal of rotary positioning sensor 1 through wires 74 via compensating circuit 91. The given signal is inputted into the electromagnetic control unit and the comparison logic circuit 94 of the vehicle. This comparison logic circuit can send the inputted signal through the comparators 97, 98, 99 as comparison signal at a desired voltage. This signal activates the photocouplers 96, which drive directly the connected load respectively. Filter 92 located at the front end of input voltage Vref is composed of RC circuit, and it stabilizes within ±0.1% the voltage supplied from the electromagnetic controller of the object to be measured such as engine or electric motor for stable supply to the integrated circuit and comparison logic circuit of the hall elements 72 and 73, so that stable output signal can be guaranteed even during unstable power supply. The PCB 70 is equipped with independent current circuit so that the photocoupler 96 can operate as short-circuit switch of high-voltage power source separately from the hall elements 72 and 73. Fig. 8 is a circuit for supplying power to the circuit of Fig. 7, and it is designed to stably supply power from the battery of the vehicle in a volume sufficient to directly drive the load connected to photocouplers 96 respectively. The power supply portion 70 is designed. with the free voltage circuit 101 that eliminates voltage pulsation from the power supplied from the battery using the regulator 100 and blocks the power source noise to convert to a stable voltage level. This circuit makes the present sensor effectively correspond to the voltage level that is different according the vehicle applied, and also plays a role of protecting the control portions 72, 73 and circuit 94 of Fig. 7 from over-voltage. Fig. 9 is a block diagram schematically showing the processing of signals by the present rotary positioning sensor, wherein the driving power is stabilized by having the outside unstable pulsating direct current power supplied and then hall elements 72 and 73 detect each displacement that changes according to the rotary displacement of the rotary shaft 10 and convert it to a linear analog signal, and send it to the comparison logic circuit portion 95 inside the electromagnetic control unit and sensor of the vehicle in use. The signal transmitted directly to the electromagnetic control unit of the vehicle is used to control the throttle valve of the vehicle, and the signal transmitted to the comparison logic circuit can be used to drive or stop the loads of the connected vehicle by activating each switch at a given voltage position. According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to provide a semi-permanent sensor that can maintain an endurance period of more than 1,000 times in the intensity of the magnetism obtained by a 2- channel non-contact rotary displacement measuring method whereby the intensity of magnetic force is perceived according to the movement of the rotating body having a permanent magnet inserted, and that can operate smoothly even under extreme operating conditions of vehicle or farm machine while maintaining an exact measurement error range of ±1%.

Claims: What is claimed is: 1. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor non-contact type rotary positioning sensor comprising: a housing with a receipt seat formed on the bottom, a cover with sensor mounting holes and through hole for covering the housing, a rotating body whose one end seats on the receipt seat of the housing and whose flange in the middle is joined to the circumference of the through hole of the cover to be supported in a rotatable manner within the housing and whose top end is formed with a coupling slot, a rotary shaft whose one end is coupled with the rotating body by a coupling protuberance inserted into the coupling slot and whose other end is coupled with the rotary object to be measured, a permanent magnet inserted into the base of the rotating body, sensing bars placed in parallel around the base of the rotating body to detect the location of the permanent magnet, and a PCB placed in the housing so as to join with the sensing bars by inteφosing one or more hall element. 2. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor according to claim 1 wherein the imbalance of magnetic force line caused by the inconsistency of air gap between the rotating body and sensing bars is compensated due to both ends of sensing bars that are embracing the permanent magnet are placed in such a manner that one magnetic field strength of the same permanent magnet is transmitted to one or more hall element of the same point. 3. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor according to claim 1 wherein the PCB is provided with a differential amplifier type comparactor which can change the operating position of switch whiout change for the outer configuration and inside hardware of the sensor. 4. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor according to claim 1 further including a filter on the PCB to stabilizes within ±0.1% the voltage supplied from the electromagnetic controller of the object to be measured such as engine or electric motor for stable supply to the integrated circuit of the hall element 72 and the programmable signal processor 94, so stable the hysteresis of sensing output signal during unstable power supply. 5. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor according to claim 1 wherein the PCB is provided with at least of one photocoupler switching device. 6. A less current consuming non-contact type 2-channel rotary positioning sensor according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the base portion of the rotating body has elliptical configuration to prohibit a 360-degree rotation of itself inside the sensing bars.

Inventors: LEE HYO-MOON, LEE, HYO-MOON
Applicants: CONTROL & MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS, LEE HYO-MOON, CONTROL & MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS CO., LTD., LEE, HYO-MOON
Application year: 2001
Main classification: G01B7
IPC codes: G01D5