A FLUID DELIVERY MECHANISM FOR USE WITH ANASTOMOSING, STAPLING, AND RESECTING INSTRUMENTS

Abstract: A medicine delivery mechanism or fibrin injection mechanism for use in combination with an anastomosing and stapling attachment for an electromechanical device driver comprises a dispensing chamber with an elongated cylindrical cross section (although other shapes can be used) which is formed in the staple housing of the attachment in lieu of a staple port or staple ports, and which has a mouth forming a channel lined at its innermost edge perimeter with inward facing prongs or teeth. The dispensing chamber contains a sac filled with fibrin. A delivery or plunger driver travels within the dispensing chamber to press a sac of fibrin against the inward facing prongs, tearing the sac and releasing the fibrin to push the fibrin through the channel to the treatment site.

Description: A FLUID DELIVERY MECHANISM FOR USE WITH ANASTOMOSING, STAPLING, AND RESECTING INSTRUMENTS Background of the Invention Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to a fluid delivery mechanism for use with anastomosing, stapling, and resecting surgical tools, and more specifically to a fibrin injection mechanism by which such tools may deliver f brin to the stapling and cutting site of a resected colon. Description of the Prior Art Upon identification of cancerous or other anomalous tissue in the gastrointestinal tract, surgical intervention is often prescribed. The field of cancer surgery, and more specifically, the surgical procedure by which a section of the gastrointestinal tract which includes cancerous or anomalous tissue is resected, mcludes a number of uniquely designed instruments Ln combination with a descπption of the present instrumentation and their functions, a description of the state of the art in this surgical procedure shall also be provided. The first question which must be answered when determining how to treat gastrointestinal cancer relates to the specific location of the cancerous tissue This is very important insofar as the instruments which are provided in the present art have limitations relating to how far they may be inserted into the gastrointestinal tract. If the cancerous tissue is too far up the colon, for example, then the standard instrumentation provided is unusable, thus requiring special accommodations. These accommodations generally increase the πsk of contamination of the surrounding tissues with bowel contents, increase the length of the surgery and the corresponding need for anesthesia, and eliminate the benefits of precise anastomosing and stapling which comes from utilizing a mechanized device. More specifically, in the event that the cancerous tissue is located at a position in the colon which is accessible by the present instrumentation, the patient's abdomen is initially opened to expose the bowel. The surgeon then utilizes a linear cutter and stapling device which cuts the tube of the colon on either side of the cancerous tissue, thereby creating two stapled ends of the bowel (a distal end which is directed toward the anus, and the proximal end which is closest to the small intestine). This is done in order to temporarily minimize contamination. More particularly, referring to FIG. 1, the bowel is placed between the scissoring elements 1, 2 at the tip of the linear stapling instrument 5. By squeezing the trigger 3 in the handle 4 of the device, the surgeon causes the scissoring elements 1, 2 to come together. A second trigger (or a secondary action of the same tπgger) is then actuated to drive a series of staples 6 through the clamped end of the colon, thereby closing and transecting the ends. The surgeon then partially opens the proximal end and inserts the removable anvil portion of an anastomosing and stapling instrument into the exposed proximal end. This step, as well as those of the remainder of the surgical procedure, are related to the functioning of this surgical instrument. More particularly, and with respect to FIG. 2, the surgeon begins by taking the instrument 7 and manually turning the dial 8 at the base of the handle 9 which causes the anvil head 10 at the opposite end to advance forward. The surgeon continues to turn the dial 8 until the anvil head 10 advances to its most extreme extended position. This manual turning requires nearly thirty full rotations. Once fully extended, the anvil head of the instrument is decoupled therefrom and is inserted into the partial opening of the proximal end such that the coupling post extends outwardly therethrough. This partial opening of the proximal end is then sutured closed. The extending shaft 11 of the anastomosing and stapling instrument 7 is then inserted and advanced into the lower colon, transanally, until the coupling stem 12 thereof extends through the stapled distal end The surgeon then joins the coupling ends of the anvil and shaft together and begins to manually rotate the dial in the handle again, this time bringing the anvil head closer to the end 13 of the shaft. Once the anvil head and shaft are brought close together, after the surgeon has manually rotated the dial another thirty times, a grip-style tπgger 14 in the handle is manually actuated. This actuation causes a circular blade 15 to advance axially out from the tip of the shaft, and into contact with the opposing face 16 of the anvil 10 The blade cuts through the stapled-closed ends of the proximal and distal ends of the colon, thereby also cutting a new pair of ends of the proximal and distal portions of the colon. The tissue which has been severed is held in an inteπor volume at the end of the shaft. In lock step with the cutting, the freshly opened ends are joined together by a seπes of staples 17 which are advanced through holes in the perimeter of the tip of the shaft (being pressed against and closed by the opposmg face of the anvil). The coupled shaft and anvil are then withdrawn from the patient. As with many such devices of the pπor art, all of the above devices are considered fully disposable, and are, in fact, thrown away after a single use. They are complicated devices, having multiple moving parts, requiring substantial structural integπty and, therefore, expense in manufacturing. The fact that they are used only once, and no part can be used again render the use of such devices expensive and wasteful of resources. In addition to this failure, as can be readily observed from the preceding descriptions, the pπor art devices suffer from numerous other limitations which would be desirable to overcome. These include the requirement that the surgeon manually actuate a number of different functions (including those associated with the dial and tngger of the anastomosing and stapling mstrument and the multiple triggers of the cutting and stapling instrument). Another failure is that the prior art devices provide no means to allow the delivery of fluid to the site of the freshly cut tissue Medicine or other substances which accelerate the healing process, if dehvered to the site simultaneous with or subsequent to the stapling and cutting process, could speed healing of the tissue or perform other medical functions. One such substance is fibπn, which is the principal protein component of connective tissue, and serves as the fundamental element of the tissue- mending process, specifically the process of scar formation at the joining of two previously separate tissues. Therefore, the ability to mject such a substances at the site of the freshly stapled and cut tissue would provide an advantage over the prior art devices, which make no provision for such delivery Therefore, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide a medicine delivery mechanism which can effect such medicine delivery at the stapling and cutting site of targeted tissue. It is also a principal object of the present invention to provide such a medicine delivery mechanism in a form integral with an instrument for cutting, anastomosing, and stapling, which reduces the waste of resources by permitting the reuse of portions thereof It is further an object of the present invention to provide such a medicine delivery mechanism which reduces the requirements for the surgeon to manually actuate different components and mechanisms. Other ob j ects of the present invention shall be recognized in accordance with the descπption thereof provided hereinbelow, and in the Detailed Descπption of Preferred Embodiments in conjunction with the remaining Figures. Summary of the Invention The preceding objects of the invention are provided by a medicine delivery mechanism which is integral with an anastomosing and stapling attachment which has been coupled to an electromechanical dnver assembly. Such an electromechanical driver assembly is shown in FIG. 3 and has a handle 150 and a flexible drive shaft 155. The handle 150 has a pistol gπp-styled design, havmg one or more, and preferably two, finger triggers 160 which are independently coupled to at least one, and preferably two separate motors 165 which each turn separate flexible drive shafts 170 (described more fully, herembelow). The motors 165 are each dual direction motors, and are coupled to a manual drive switch 172 to the top of the handle, by which the user can selectively alter the turning direction of each motor. This dual direction capacity may be most simply achieved by selecting motors which turn in a direction corresponding to the direction of current, and actuation of the drive switches alters the direction of the current accordingly. In this example, the power source 175 supplying the motors must be a direct cuπent source, such as a battery pack (and most desirably, a rechargeable batter}' pack). Ln the event that the device should be useable with an alternating current, either a transformer can be included, or a more sophisticated intermediate gearing assembly may be provided. In conjunction with the present description, the embodiments of the present invention which will be descπbed utilize a rechargeable battery pack providing a direct current Ln addition to the motor components, the handle further includes several other features, including a remote status indicator 180, a shaft steering means 185, and an on/ off switch (not shown). First, the remote status indicator may comprise an LCD (or similar read out device) by which the user may gain knowledge of the position of components (for example whether a clamping element is in the proper position pπor to the driving of the staples). Second, the handle also includes a manually actuateable steering means, for example, a joystick or track ball, for directing the movement of the flexible shaft (by means of guidewires implanted in the shaft portion descπbed more fully herembelow). Finally, the handle may include an additional electrical power supply and an on/ off switch for selectively supplying electrical power to the attachments. More particularly, with respect to the flexible shaft, the shaft comprises a tubular sheath 195, preferably formed of a simple elastomeπc material which is tissue compatible and which is steπlizable (i.e., is sufficiently rugged to withstand an autoclave) Vaπous lengths of this shaft may be provided. The flexible shaft and the handle portions can be separable. If separable, the interface between the proximal end of the shaft and the distal end of the handle should mclude a coupling means for the dπve components. Specifically regarding the dπve components of the shaft, within the elastomeπc sheath are a pair of smaller fixed rubes 215 which each contain a flexible dπve shaft 220 which is capable of rotating withm the rube. The flexible dπve shaft, itself, translates a torque from the motor in the handle to the distal end of the shaft, but is flexible enough to be bent, angled, curved, etc. as the surgeon deems necessary to "snake" through the colon of the patient. In order for the distal end of the dπve shaft to couple with an attachment, such as the anastomosing and stapling attachment discussed herein, however, the distal tips of the dπve shafts must have a conformation which permits the continued translation of torque. For example, the distal tips 200 of the dπve shafts may be hexagonal, thereby fitting mto a hexagonal recess in the coupling interface of the attachment. Appropriate gearmg mechanisms may be provided at the distal end of the shaft, or in the interfacing portion of the attachment, to ensure that the appropriate torque is provided to the attachment. As suggested above, in conjunction with the manually actuateable steermg means mounted to the handle, the sheath further includes at least two guidewires 205 which are flexible, but are coupled to the inner surface of the sheath near the distal end thereof. The guidewires may be axially translated relative to one another by actuation of the steering means, which action causes the sheath to bend and curve accordmgly. Also as suggested above, in conjunction with the LCD indicator of the handle, the shaft further contams an electπcal lead 210 for coupling to the attachments. This electπcal lead channels a signal from the attachment to the handle for indicating the status of the attachment (for example, whether the anvil portion is in close proximity to the SBR portion, so that the surgeon knows it is safe to staple). Similarly, a second electπcal lead may be provided to supply power to separate aspects of the attachment if so required. As stated above, the present invention is designed to be integral with an anastomosing and stapling attachment for the electromechanical device dπver. Such an anastomosing and stapling attachment compπses an anvil portion, and a staple, blade and reservoir portion (SBR portion), which mcludes a pair of turning drive shafts which are coupleable to the drive components of the shaft element described above, and a corresponding pair of advancing and retracting nuts mounted to the turning dπve shafts, but which are prevented from rotating and therefore linearly advance and retract along the shafts when they turn. The anvil portion is bullet shaped, having a blunt nosed top portion, a flat cutting support surface on the bottom, and a freely rotating coupling post extending axially from the bottom surface. This coupling post is designed to be selectively coupleable and removable from the corresponding nut mounted to one of the turning dπve shafts. The SBR portion is cyhndncal in shape, forming a housmg which has a hollow rntenor. It is this hollow mteπor which forms the reservoir. On the axially outward facmg surface of the cyhndncal wall of the housmg are a series of staple ports, through which the staples of the device are discharged. A seπes of staple drivers are mounted within the cyhndncal walls, beneath the staple ports, for dπvmg the staples therethrough. More accurately, the staple dπvers are a series of protuberances on the outer edge of a smgle cyhndncal component which seats in the wall of the SBR portion. The staples, pnor to being discharged, are mounted m the holes; and they are advanced through the holes by the forward motion of the staple dπver and the protuberances thereof. The blade is similarly cyhndncal, and seats m the mside of the housing, against the inner surface of the wall thereof. Both the blade and the staple dπver are mounted to the second nut, which is, m turn, mounted to the other turning dπve shaft. As the tuning dnve shaft rotates, the nut (which is constrained against rotating) advances along the shaft, thus hnearly advancing the blade and staple dπver. The blade and the staple dπver are, therefore, selectively advanceable axially outward from the housing, m accordance with actuation of the appropnate tngger on the handle. In order to accelerate the healing process, the attachment is fitted with the present invention, i.e., a mechanism for delivering medicme or a healing substance such as fibπn at the cutting and stapling site, immediately after the cutting and stapling action described above. This mechanism can take on any of several embodiments, two of which are described herembelow as examples Ln general terms, the present invention comprises a dispensmg chamber contammg a fluid, a channel communicating between a treatment site and the dispensmg chamber, and a dehvery or plunger driver traveling withm the dispensmg chamber with a force greater than the force needed to push the fluid through the channel In the preferred embodiment, the present invention comprises a dispensmg chamber with an elongated cylindrical cross section (although other shapes can be used) which is formed m the staple housmg of the attachment m heu of a staple port or staple ports. That is, the staple housmg contains staple ports as well as a plurahty of such dispensmg chambers, with all such dispensmg chambers havmg identical parts and identical functions as described herem. The mouth of the dispensmg chamber forms a channel lined at its innermost edge perimeter with inward facmg prongs or teeth. The dispensmg chamber contams a sac filled with fibrm. A delivery or plunger driver travels withm the dispensmg chamber. The dehvery or plunger dnver protrudes from the innermost end of the dispensmg chamber, similar to the way each staple protrudes from its staple port m the staple housmg. When the turning dnve shaft of the attachment (which is connected to the electromechanical driver to dnve the staple dπver(s) and blade dπver) is activated (via the tπgger on the electromechanical driver handle), the staple driver moves forward to push a plurahty of staples through coπespondrng staple ports m the staple housmg and against the anvil of the attachment to pass through and staple together the target tissue At the same time, the staple dnver moves forward to push each dehvery or plunger dπver through its corresponding dispensmg chamber. As each dehvery or plunger dπver moves forward through the dispensmg chambers, it presses the sac of fibπn agamst the prongs. As the sac presses agamst the mward facmg prongs of the channel, it tears, releasmg the fibπn out through the channel and onto the newly stapled tissue. Meanwhile, the blade dπver has moved forward, pushmg the blade through the newly stapled tissue and cutting away the excess. The attachment is removed, and the hea ng process begins, accelerated by the presence of the fibrm at the cutting and stapling site. In an alternate embodiment, the channel does not have mward facmg prongs. Instead, the channel is clear. However, m lieu of a sac of fibrin and a separate dehvery or plunger dnver, the dispensmg chamber is loaded with a cannula havmg a sharp pomt. The sharp end of the cannula is pomted toward the stapling surface (that is, when pushed out the dispensmg chamber, it will puncture the tissue and eventually be stopped by the flat cutting surface of the anvil). Immediately inside the sharp end of the cannula, the inner perimeter of the cannula is lined with mward facmg prongs, similar to the mward facmg prongs of the preferred embodiment Inside the cannula sits a sac of fibrm. Behmd the sac of fibπn is located a dehvery or plunger driver. This dehvery or plunger driver is attached to the walls of the cannula, but is set to break away from the walls after the tip of the cannula has reached the anvil. That is, when the turning drive shaft of the attachment is activated, the staple driver moves forward to push a plurahty of staples through corresponding staple ports m the staple housmg and agamst the anvil of the attachment to pass through and staple together the target tissue At the same time, the staple dπver moves forward to push each delivery or plunger dπver. The dehvery or plunger driver first pushes the cannula out the dispensmg chamber and through the tissue, agamst the anvil. Once the tip of the cannula has reached the anvil, the dehvery or plunger driver continues to be pushed forward. This motion breaks the dehvery or plunger driver away from the walls of the cannula, and thereafter the dπver can continue to move forward through the cannula itself. As each dehvery or plunger dnver moves forward through its cannula, it presses the sac of fibrm agamst the prongs. As the sac presses against the mward facmg prongs of the cannula, it tears, releasmg the fibπn out through the cannula and onto the opposmgside of the newly stapled tissue. Meanwhile, the blade dπver has moved forward, pushmg the blade through the newly stapled tissue and cutting away the excess. The attachment is removed, and the hea ng process begins, accelerated by the presence of the fibπn at the cutting and stapling site. Still another embodiment can mvolve a compressible connection between the dehvery dnver and the cannula, instead of a break-away portion as descπbed immediately above. For example, spπngs can be used to connect the dehvery dπver to the cannula. This would maintain πgidity of the cannula-dnver assembly during the initial travel of the cannula to the anvil, as well as permit the dehvery dnver to continue its forward motion to press against the sac. That is, once the cannula tip has reached the anvil and stopped, the dehvery dnver will contmue to be pushed forward as the springs compress, allowing the dehvery dπver to press agamst the sac. The remainder of the operation of the device would be as descnbed above. A unique aspect of this embodiment is that the assembly could be re-used. Instead of the connection between the dehvery driver and the cannula bemg destroyed, the spπngs would return to their onginal state after operation of the device, and the assembly could be sterilized and prepared for another application. It should be noted that vanous embodiments can be used m conjunction with one another, so as to reach both sides of the treatment site durmg the same procedure. For example, the embodiment not mvolvmg the cannula can reach the proximal side of the treatment site, whereas the embodiment mvolvmg the cannula can reach the distal side of the treatment site. In practice, this attachment is utilized once the section of the colon which is to be removed has been resected (but pπor to the linear clamping and staplmg step is complete), m the following manner The surgeon begins by coupling the anastomosing and stapling attachment to the electromechanical driver and advancing the anvil portion to its fullest extent. The anvil head is then removed and inserted mto the exposed proximal end. This proximal end is then stapled closed (with the coupling post protruding from the stapled proximal end). The surgeon then advances the shaft and the SBR portion of the attachment up the colon until it extends through the stapled distal end of the colon The surgeon then couples the anvil to the advancing and retracting nut of the correspondmg dπve shaft. Subsequent tπggermg of the motor m the handle causes the anvil to retract toward the SBR portion. When the anvil portion and the SBR portion have come close enough to dnve the blade and staple driver, subsequent actuation of the other trigger on the handle causes the corresponding other turning dnve shaft to advance the blade and staple dnver toward the flat cutting support surface of the anvil portion. The blade cuts through the stapled-closed ends of the colon, leaving the tissue which has been severed in the mteπor reservoir Simultaneous with the cutting, the freshly opened ends are joined together by the senes of staples which are advanced through holes m the peπmeter edge of the SBR (bemg pressed agamst and closed by the opposmg face of the anvil). Simultaneous with the staphng, the staple dπvers push the dehvery or plunger drivers forward m the dispensmg chambers. The drivers push the sacs agamst the mward facmg prongs, which breaks the sacs and releases the fibrm. The fibπn is then pushed out the channel to the cutting and staphng site. The attachment and the flexible shaft are then withdrawn from the patient. It should be noted that inasmuch as the present mvention can be used for apphcations and m conjunction with devices not related to an anastomosing and staphng attachment, or even colon resecting tools, but rather can be used for apphcations mvolvmg and m conjunction with other surgical devices, the present invention can be used alone, or with a blade, or with a stapler, or with other devices or combinations of devices to dehver medicine or other heahng substances to a treatment site. A Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of a linear clamping and staphng instrument of the pπor art; FIG. 2 is a side perspective view of an anastomosing and staphng instrument of the pnor art; FIG. 3 is a side cutaway view of a handle and flexible shaft of an electromechanical device driver which is used to drive the anastomosing and staphng attachment descπbed herem; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention; FIG. 5 is a side cutaway view of an anastomosing and stap ng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention m a preferred embodiment, showmg a staple m a staple port; FIG. 6 is a side cutaway view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention in a preferred embodiment, showmg a sac m a dispensmg chamber; FIG. 7 is a front cutaway view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention m a preferred embodiment, showmg a sac m a dispensmg chamber; FIG. 8 is a side cutaway view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention m an alternate embodiment, showmg a cannula; and FIG. 9 is a front cutaway view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment havmg an integrated medicine dehvery mechanism of the present mvention m an alternate embodiment, showing a cannula. A Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments While the present mvention will be descπbed more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawmgs, m which particular embodiments are shown, it is to be understood at the outset that persons skilled m the art may modify the mvention herem descnbed while achievmg the functions and results of this invention. Accordmgly, the descriptions which follow are to be understood as illustrative and exemplary of specific structures, aspects and features withm the broad scope of the present mvention and not as hmitmg of such broad scope. Like numbers refer to similar features of hke elements throughout. A preferred embodiment of the medicme dehvery mechanism of an anastomosing and staphng attachment accordmg to the present mvention is illustrated m FIGS. 4-9 More particularly, referring now to FIG 4, a perspective extenor view of an anastomosing and staphng attachment m an extended position is shown. The anvil portion 20 and the staple, blade, and reservoir (SBR) portion 25 are connected by a coupling post 30 which extends from the flat cutting support surface 35 of the anvil portion 20 and is selectively coupleable and removable from the correspondmg nut mounted to one of the turning drive shafts 40 of the SBR portion 25. Referrmg now also to FIG. 5, a cutaway view of the mteπor of the SBR portion 25 is shown The SBR portion 25 is cylindrical m shape, and has a hollow mteπor, or reservoir 45. A stapling surface 50 faces axially outward toward the cutting support surface 35 of the anvil portion 20, and contams a senes of staple ports 55 (formed m a staple housmg 58), through which staples 60 are discharged. In addition, a senes of dispensmg chambers 95 are formed m lieu of staple ports 55 as shown. A senes of staple dπvers 65 are mounted withm a staple dπver shaft 80, behmd correspondmg staple ports 55, for dπvmg the staples 60 therethrough. More accurately, the staple dπvers 65 are a series of protuberances on the outer edge of a dnvmg cylinder 70 which seats m the SBR portion 25 and which is connected to the second dπve shaft (not shown) of the SBR portion 25. The staples 60, prior to bemg discharged, are mounted behmd the staple ports 55 as shown and are advanced through the ports 55 by the forward motion of the staple dnvers 65 and the protuberances thereof. The blade 75 is similarly cyhndncal, and seats in the SBR portion adjacent the staple dnver shaft 80. The blade 75 and the staple dnvers 65 are mounted to the dnvmg cylinder 70 as shown, which is connected to the second drive shaft (not shown) of the SBR portion 25 Referrmg now to FIGS. 6 and 7, a closer cut away view of the anastamosing and staphng attachment fitted with the preferred embodiment of the present mvention is shown. Illustrated is the wall 28 of the SBR portion 25 of the attachment, the staple housmg 58, and a dispensmg chamber 95 in lieu of a staple port 55 (FIG. 5). Similar dispensmg chambers 95 are formed m lieu of staple ports 55 along the perimeter of the staphng surface 50 (best shown m FIG. 4) The dispensmg chamber can be cyhndncal, or have an elongated cyhndncal cross-section as shown in FIG. 7, or take on other shapes. The mouth of the dispensmg chamber forms a channel 90 which is lined at its innermost edge perimeter with mward facmg prongs or teeth 92. The dispensmg chamber 95 contams a sac 100 filled with fibrm. A dehvery or plunger dπver 110 travels withm the dispensmg chamber 95. The dehvery or plunger dπver 110 protrudes from the innermost end of the dispensmg chamber 110 as shown, similar to the way each staple 60 protrudes from its staple port 55 m the staple housmg 58, as best shown m FIG. 5. Referrmg now to FIGS. 8 and 9, a closer cut away view of the anastamosing and staphng attachment fitted with an alternate embodiment of the present mvention is shown. Many aspects of this embodiment are identical to the aspects of the preferred embodiment, and are so numbered. In this alternate embodiment, however, the channel 90 does not have mward facmg prongs or teeth. Instead, the channel 90 is clear. However, m lieu of a sac of fibπn and a separate dehvery or plunger dπver, the dispensmg chamber 95 is loaded with a cannula 112 havmg a sharp pomt. The sharp end of the cannula 112 is pomted toward the staphng surface 50 (that is, when pushed out the dispensmg chamber 95, it will puncture the tissue and eventually be stopped by the flat cutting surface of the anvil (not shown)). Immediately mside the sharp end of the cannula 112, the inner perimeter of the cannula 112 is Lined with mward facmg prongs or teeth 92, similar to the mward facmg prongs of the preferred embodiment. Inside the cannula 112 sits a sac 100 of fibπn. Behmd the sac 100 is located a dehvery or plunger dnver 110. This dehvery or plunger dnver 110 is attached to the walls of the cannula 112 as shown, but is set to break away from the walls after the tip of the cannula has reached the anvil The break away portion 114 is noted m shade. It should be noted that the preferred embodiment and the alternate embodiment can be used m conjunction with one another, so as to deliver fibπn to both sides of the treatment site durmg the same procedure. In operation (the operation of both embodiments will be described herembelow), the attachment is utilized once the section of the colon which is to be removed has been resected (but prior to the linear clamping and staphng step is complete). The surgeon begins by coupling the anastomosing and staplmg attachment to the electromechanical dnver and advancing the anvil portion 20 to its fullest extent via a tnggenng of the motor (not shown) m the handle (not shown). The anvil portion 20 is then decoupled from the electromechanical dnver and inserted mto the exposed proximal end. This proximal end is then stapled closed (with the coupling post 30 protruding from the stapled proximal end). The surgeon then advances the first turning drive shaft 40 and the SBR portion 25 of the attachment up the colon until it extends through the stapled distal end of the colon. The surgeon then re-couples the anvil portion 20, via the coupling post 30, to the first turning dπve shaft 40. Subsequent reverse tnggenng of the motor (not shown) m the handle (not shown) causes the anvil portion 20 to retract toward the SBR portion 25, thus bringing the stapled-closed proximal and distal ends of the colon together. When the anvil portion 20 and the SBR portion 25 have come close enough to drive the blade 75 and staple dπver 65, subsequent actuation of a second tπgger (not shown) on the handle (not shown) causes the correspondmg second turning dnve shaft (not shown) to advance the blade 75 and staple driver 65 toward the flat cutting support surface 35 of the anvil portion 25. Once the blade 75 reaches the flat cutting support surface 35 of the anvil portion 25, the blade 75 cuts through the stapled- closed proximal and distal ends of the colon, leavmg the now-severed tissue m the reservoir 45. Meanwhile, the staple drivers 65 (which have been advancing with the blade 75, yet positioned slightly behmd the plane of the blade 75 as shown, m order to correctly time the staphng action to come immediately after the cutting action) reach the butts of the staples 60, and contmue forward to push the staples 60 through the staple ports 55 and toward the staphng surface 50 and finally agamst the flat cutting support surface 35, which action bends the staple prongs to close the staples 60, thereby jommg together the freshly cut-open proximal and distal ends of the colon. At the same time (m the preferred embodiment) the staple drivers 65 move forward to push each dehvery or plunger dπver 110 through its coπesponding dispensmg chamber 95. As each dehvery or plunger driver 110 moves forward through the dispensing chamber 95, it compresses the sac 100 of fibrm. As the sac presses agamst the mward facmg prongs or teeth 92 of the channel 95, it tears, releasmg the fibrm out through the channel 95 and onto the newly stapled tissue. Meanwhile, the blade dπver 76 (FIG. 5) has moved forward, pushmg the blade 75 (FIG 5) through the newly stapled tissue and cutting away the excess. The attachment is removed, and the heahng process begins, accelerated by the presence of the fibrin at the cutting and staphng site. Alternatively, at the same time (m the alternate embodiment), the staple driver 65 (FIG. 5) moves forward to push each dehvery or plunger dπver 110. The dehvery or plunger dπver 110 first pushes the cannula 112 out the dispensmg chamber 95 and through the tissue, agamst the flat cutting surface 35 (FIG. 5) of the anvil portion 20 (FIG. 5). Once the tip of the cannula 112 has reached the anvil 20 (FIG. 5), the dehvery or plunger dπver 110 contmues to be pushed forward. This motion breaks the dehvery or plunger dπver 110 away from the walls of the cannula 112 (the break away portion 114 breaks), and thereafter the driver 110 can contmue to move forward through the cannula 112 itself. As each dehvery or plunger dnver 110 moves forward through its cannula 112, it compresses the sac 100 of fibrin. As the sac 100 presses agamst the mward facmg prongs 92 of the cannula 112, it tears, releasmg the fibrm out through the cannula 112 and onto the opposmg side of the newly stapled tissue. Meanwhile, the blade dnver 76 (FIG. 5) has moved forward, pushmg the blade 75 (FIG. 5) through the newly stapled tissue and cutting away the excess. The attachment is removed, and the heahng process begins, accelerated by the presence of the fibrm at the cutting and staphng site. As noted above in the Summary, an embodiment mvolvmg a compressible connection between the dehvery driver and the cannula, mstead of a break-away portion as described immediately above will function m a similar fashion. For example, if sprmgs (not shown) are used m heu of a break-away portion, once the tip of the cannula 112 has reached the anvil 20 (FIG. 5), the dehvery or plunger dπver 110 also contmues to be pushed forward. This motion compresses the spπngs, and the dehvery or plunger driver 110 can contmue to move forward through the cannula 112 itself. As each dehvery or plunger dnver 110 moves forward through its cannula 112, it compresses the sac 100 of fibπn The remainder of the operation is as descπbed above. While there has been described and illustrated specific embodiments of new and novel medicme dehvery mechanisms, it will be apparent to those skilled m the art that variations and modifications are possible without deviating from the broad spint and prmciple of the present mvention which shall be limited solely by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Claims: What is claimed is: 1. A fluid dehvery device, compπsmg: a dispensmg chamber contammg a fluid; a channel communicatmg between a treatment site and said dispensmg chamber; a dehvery dnver traveling withm said dispensmg chamber with a force greater than the force needed to push said fluid through said channel. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a sac withm said dispensmg chamber and enclosmg said fluid; and wherem at least one of said dispensmg chamber and said channel has at least one sharpened mterior portion. 3 The device of claim 2, wherem at least one of said dispensmg chamber and said channel has an mterior and wherem at least one sharpened prong extendmg from a wall of said channel and directed toward said mterior. 4. The device of claim 3, wherem said prong is also directed m a direction opposite the direction of travel of said dehvery dπver. 5. The device of claim 1, further comprising a housmg, said housing containing said dispensmg chamber, and containing a port adapted to fit an unbent staple. 6. The device of claim 5, wherem said dehvery dπver is an extension of a turning drive shaft, and wherem said turning dπve shaft also drives a staple dnver. 7. The device of claim 5, wherem said dehvery dπver is cyhndncal 8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a cannula, said cannula havmg a sharpened distal end, said cannula traveling withm said dispensmg chamber. 9. The device of claim 8, further comprising a sac withm said cannula and enclosmg said fluid; and wherem said cannula has at least one sharpened mterior portion. 10. The device of claim 9, wherem said cannula has an mteπor and at least one sharpened prong extendmg from a wall of said cannula and directed toward said mtenor. 11. The device of claim 10, wherein said prong is also directed m a direction opposite the direction of travel of said dehvery dnver. 12. The device of claim 8, further compπsmg a housmg, said housmg contammg said dispensmg chamber, and contammg a port adapted to fit an unbent staple. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein said delivery dnver is an extension of a turning dnve shaft, and wherem said turning drive shaft also drives a staple dπver. 14 The device of claim 12, wherem said delivery dnver is cylindrical. 15. The device of claim 8, wherem said dehvery dnver is an extension of a proximal end of said cannula. 16. The device of claim 15, further mcludmg a connector portion connecting said dehvery dnver and said cannula. 17. The device of claim 16, wherem said connector portion is structurally weaker than said dehvery dπver or said cannula. 18. The device of claim 16, wherem said connector portion is compressible. 19. The device of claim 18, wherem said connector portion mcludes a spring.

Inventors: WHITMAN MICHAEL P, WHITMAN, MICHAEL, P.
Applicants: POWERMED INC, POWERMED, INC.
Application year: 2001
Main classification: A61B17
IPC codes: A61B17, A61M31