POSITIONAL ADJUSTING MECHANISM

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positional adjusting mechanism for a cutting insert (20; 20') in a tool for chip removing machining, preferably a milling cutter, which positional adjusting mechanism comprises a first hole (3) recessed in the tool body in connection with a cutting seat (1) for the cutting insert (20), a slotted bushing (5) mounted in said holes (3) as well as an adjusting screw (10) received in said bushing (5). The invention also relates to a tool, which is provided with a positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention. Characteristic of the positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention is that in the mounted state of the bushing (5) in the first hole (3), an offset abutment is provided between an upper part of the bushing (5) and a support surface (4) of the tool body, which support surface (4) is situated in connection with the first hole (3).

Description: POSITIONAL ADJUSTING MECHANISM Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a positional adjusting mechanism for a cutting insert in a tool for chip removing machining, preferably a milling cutter, which positional adjusting mechanism comprises a first hole recessed in the tool body in connection with a cutting seat for the cutting insert, a slotted bushing mounted in said hole as well as an adjusting screw received in said bushing. The invention also relates to a tool, which is provided with a positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention. Prior Art An adjustable stop for a cutting insert is previously known from WO 98/43766, said stop comprising a slotted stop body in the upper part thereof, which is provided with a laterally protruding tongue, the free end of which constitutes a stop face. The adjustable stop furthermore comprises a bushing mounted inside the stop body, which has an internal thread intended to co-operate with an adjusting screw that is threaded in the bushing, and the head of which co-operates with the upper slotted part of the stop body, whereby a lateral displacement is provided by the stop face on the laterally protruding tongue, said stop face affecting the cutting insert and causing adjustment of the position thereof. Thus, this known stop comprises at least three separate components. Furthermore, the slotted stop body is unsymmetrical, which means that it has to be mounted by means of a separate clamping part . An additional disadvantage is that there is a play between the stop body and the bushing, which is of disadvantage with respect to the precision of the system. A machine reamer which has a positional adjusting mechanism for a cutting insert is previously known from US-A- 5 391 023. In that, a slotted bushing is received in a tool body, there being a play between said bushing and said tool body. This is disadvantageous to the precision of the system. The bushing is secured in a hole in the tool body by means of press fit, which means that said bushing is only locked against rotation by the friction between the bushing and the hole. Neither is the bushing secured against axial movement that may be caused by high centrifugal forces in connection with high rotational speeds. Aims and Features of the Invention A primary aim of the present invention is to describe a positional adjusting mechanism of the kind defined in the introduction, which can adjust the position of the cutting insert with exceptionally high precision. Another aim of the present invention is that the positional adjusting mechanism should comprise as few components as possible as well as in other respects be structurally simple. Yet a further aim of the present invention is that the components included in the positional adjusting mechanism should be anchored in relation to forces acting on the tool as well as that the tool should be balanced irrespective of the adjustment of the positional adjusting mechanism. An additional aim of the present invention is that the positional adjusting mechanism should be well defined, i.e. rigid, in order to obtain maximum repetitive accuracy when installing the cutting inserts included in the tool. At least the primary the aim of the present invention is realised by means of a positional adjusting mechanism/a tool having the features defined in the subsequent independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. Short Description of the Drawings Below, embodiments of the invention will be described, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, where: Fig 1 shows an exploded view in perspective of the components included in a preferred embodiment of a positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention, a cutting insert and a cutting seat of the milling body being illustrated separated from each other and that the cutting insert is provided with grooves while the cutting seat is provided with ridged teeth; Fig 2 shows an exploded view from the side of the compo nents/parts illustrated in Fig 1; Fig 3 shows a planar view of the positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention as well as a cutting insert, which is effected by said positional adjusting mechanism; Fig 4 shows the corresponding exploded view as in Fig 1, the cutting seat and the cutting insert, however, lacking ridged teeth and grooves, respectively; Fig 5 shows a perspective view of a bushing and an adjusting screw in positions separated from each other; and Fig 6 shows a side view of the tubular screw and adjusting screw according to Fig 5, also in positions separated from each other. Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment of the Present Invention In Fig 1, a cutting seat 1 of a milling cutter is shown, a first cylindrical hole 3 being arranged in connection with said cutting seat 1. As is indicated in Fig 1, a generally cylindrical threaded bushing 5 is intended to be mounted in said first hole 3 , whereby the assembly of the threaded bushing 5 may take place thanks to the threaded bushing 5 being provided with an external thread, which co-operates with an internal thread of the irst hole 3. The threaded bushing 5 is, at the upper end thereof in Fig 1, provided with a collar 6, which has an external cylindrical surface 7 having a diameter which is larger than the external diameter in other respects of the threaded bushing 5. On the external cylindrical surface 7, two diametrically situated facets 8 are arranged, only one of which being seen in Fig 1. On the inside thereof, the collar 6 has a conical surface 9, which is intended to co-operate with an adjusting screw 10 included in the positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention, which will be explained more in detail below. As is seen in Fig 1, the threaded bushing 5 has in the upper part thereof two diametrically situated, axially running slots 11, which play a big part during the adjustment which is carried out by the positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention. The threaded bushing 5 also has an internal cylindrical recess 12 as well as an internal thread 19 situated axially farther away from the collar 6, which thread is not seen in Fig 1 but in Figs 5 and 6. The adjusting screw 10 comprises a shank which is provided with an external thread 13 as well as a head 14, which is provided with an external conical surface 15. The external thread 13 of the adjusting screw 10 is intended to co-operate with the internal thread 19 of the threaded bushing 5 while the external conical surface 15 of the adjusting screw 10 is intended to co-operate with the internal conical surface 9 of the threaded bushing 5. This will be described in more detail below. As can be seen in Figs 1 and 2, the cutting seat 1 is provided with a second hole 16, which is internally threaded, as well as ridged teeth 17, which according to the illustrated embodiment are two in number. The cutting seat 1 is intended to receive a cutting insert 20 for chip removing machining, said cutting insert 20 being provided with a third hole 21 as well as grooves 22 on the bottom side thereof, which according to the illustrated embodiment are two in number and intended to co-operate with the ridged teeth 17 of the cutting seat 1. The planar view according to Fig 3 shows the position when the threaded bushing 5 is mounted in the first hole 3 and the adjusting screw 10 is mounted in the threaded bushing 5. On mounting of the threaded bushing 5 in the first hole 3, it is ensured that the diametrically situated facets 8 of the threaded bushing 5 are oriented in such a way that one of the facets 8 abuts against the cutting insert 20, which ensures that there is in principle no risk that the threaded bushing 5 should rotate and that the adjustment force which effects the cutting insert 20 is directed parallel to the ridged teeth 17. The dimensions of the portions connecting to the hole 3 are such that when mounting the threaded bushing 5 in the hole 3, the threaded bushing 5 is given an offset, which eliminates the thread play between the hole 3 and the threaded bushing 5 which may possibly occur. As is seen in Figs 1 and 2, a transition portion 2 is arranged above the threaded hole 3, which portion has such a bending radius that said transition portion 2 does not abut against the outside of the threaded bushing 5 but there is a small gap between the transition portion 2 and the threaded bushing 5. Above the transition portion 2, a support surface 4 is arranged, which is provided with a chamfer 4A. The support surface 4 has a bending radius that in principle equals the bending radius of the collar 6 of the threaded bushing 5. The support surface 4 is displaced in relation to the hole 3, i.e. the centre axis of the hole 3 does not coincide with the bending centre of the support surface 4. More precisely, the support surface 4 is displaced so that when the threaded bushing 5 is threaded into the hole, the collar 6 comes into abutment against the support surface 2, the chamfer 4A ensures that the collar 6 and the support surface 2 do not get caught in each other but that they in the assembled state of the threaded bushing 5 overlap each other and abut against each other with a force which ensures that a offset of the bushing 5 is obtained. Fig 4 shows a corresponding perspective view as in Fig 1, but the cutting seat 1 ' does not have any ridged teeth and the cutting insert 20' is not provided with any grooves. The components included in the positional adjusting mechanism are in principle identical with the components illustrated in Fig 1, and therefore said components in Fig 4 have received the corresponding reference designations as in Fig 1. In Figs 5 and 6 the threaded bushing 5 as well as the adjusting screw 10 are shown more in detail. In that connection, it should be pointed out that the adjusting screw 10 in the transition between the external thread 13 and the external conical surface 15 of the head 14 has a first stop face 18. The threaded bushing 5 is provided with a second stop face 22 in the transition between the internal cylindrical recess 12 and the internal conical surface 9. The threaded bushing 5 and the adjusting screw 10 co-operate in such a way that initially the external thread 13 of the screw 10 engages the internal thread 19 of the threaded bushing 5. Then, the external conical surface 15 of the screw 10 comes into abutment against the internal conical surface 9 of the threaded bushing 5, during this stage an expansion of the slot takes place and thus a displacement radially outwards from the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bushing 5 of that half of the collar 6, the facet 8 of which abuts against the cutting insert 20. Thereby, also a displacement in the downward direction in Fig 3 of the cutting insert 20 will take place, i.e. in the direction of the ridged teeth 17. In spite of the cutting insert 20 being anchored in the cutting seat 1 by means of a centre screw 23, which thus co-operates with the internal thread 19 of the threaded bushing 5, it is possible for a displacement of the cutting insert 20 to take place, as it in the present case is a question of exceptionally small displacements, more precisely of the order of 0,001-0,1 mm. This displacement continues until the first stop face 18 of the screw 10 comes to abutment against the second stop face 22 of the threaded bushing 5. Thereby, any additional axial displacement cannot take place between the threaded bushing 5 and the adjusting screw 10. In this context, it should be pointed out that the positional adjusting mechanism according to the present invention preferably is optimised in such a way that the stop faces 18 and 22 come to abutment against each other before the threaded bushing 5 in the upper part thereof has been widened so much that a permanent deformation remains . In cases where the cutting seat 1 ' and the cutting insert 20' are not provided with ridged teeth and grooves, respectively, see Fig 4, a displacement of the cutting insert 20' will anyway take place in the direction away from the threaded bushing 5, but this displacement will not be equally well-defined, as regards its direction, as in the case that the cutting seat is provided with ridged teeth and the cutting insert has co-operating grooves. In this connection, it should be pointed out that the present invention thus does not presuppose the presence of ridged teeth and grooves, even if it is the most preferred embodiment . It is general for the two above-described embodiments that for a milling tool made with a radial location of the positional adjusting mechanism and the cutting insert, the position of the centre of gravity of the tool is not effected when the positional adjusting mechanism causes a displacement of the cutting insert. This is of great importance when the tool is used at high rotational speeds, since the sensitivity to forces, which are caused by imbalance, is especially large at high rotational speeds. Feasible Modifications of the Invention In the above-described embodiments, the adjusting screw 10 co-operates with a threaded bushing 5. However, it is feasible within the scope of the present invention that a bushing is used instead of the threaded bushing, said bushing being secured in the first hole 3 by means of press fit . In this connection, it should be pointed out that in such a case, the bushing does not necessarily need to be rotationally symmetrical. Within the scope of the invention, it is, for instance, also possible that the bushing is secured in the first hole 3 by means of some type of bayonet fitting, the bushing in such a case being rotationally symmetrical. In order to emphasize that both a bushing and a threaded bushing may be used, the term bushing has been used in some of the subsequent claims, by which, in this connection, it should be understood that a threaded bushing constitutes a kind of bushing. In the embodiment according to Figs 1-3, two groups of ridged teeth 17 are arranged in the cutting seat 1 while in the embodiment according to Fig 4 ridged teeth are lacking in the cutting seat 1' . However, within the .scope of the present invention it is also feasible that the number of ridged teeth in the cutting seat in principle may vary freely within what is functionally and practically possible. In the embodiment according to Figs 1-3, it is stated that the adjustment force, by which the threaded bushing 5 effects the cutting insert 20, is directed parallel to the ridged teeth 17. However, it is fully possible, within the scope of the present invention, that the ridged teeth and adjustment force form a mutual angle. In the embodiment according to Figs 1-3, ridged teeth 17 are arranged in the cutting seat 1 while grooves 22 are arranged at the bottom side of the cutting insert 20. However, within the scope of the present invention it is also possible that the cutting seat 1 be provided with grooves and that the cutting insert 20 has ridged teeth. Also in this case, of course, the number of grooves and ridged teeth may vary within the scope of what is functionally and practically possible.

Claims: Claims 1. Positional adjusting mechanism for a cutting insert (20; 20') in a tool for chip removing machining, preferably a milling cutter, which positional adjusting mechanism comprises a first hole (3) recessed in the tool body in connection with a cutting seat (1; 1") for the cutting insert (20; 20'), a slotted bushing (5) mounted in said hole (3) as well as an adjusting screw (10) received in said bushing (5) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in the mounted state of the bushing (5) in the first hole (3) , an offset abutment is provided between an upper part of the bushing (5) and a support surface (4) of the tool body, which support surface (4) is situated in connection with the first hole (3) . 2. Positional adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r-i z e d in that the upper part of the bushing (5) is in the form of a collar (6) , and that the offset abutment takes place against the part of the collar (6) which is turned away from the cutting seat (1; 1') of the tool body. 3. Positional adjusting mechanism according to claim 1 or 2 , c h a r a c-t e r i z e d in that the bending centre of the support surface (4) is situated besides the longitudinal centre axis of the first hole (3) . 4. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that a chamfer (4A) for the bushing (5) is arranged above the support surface (4). 5. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the bushing (5) has two diametrically situated slots (11) , which have an extension in the axial direction of the bushing (5) . 6. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of claims 1-5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the bushing (5) is slotted in the upper part thereof. 7. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the bushing (5) is provided with two diametrically situated facets (8) , one of which being intended to abut against the cutting insert (20; 20 ' ) . 8. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the head (14) of the adjusting screw (10) has an external conical surface (15) , which is intended to co-operate with an internal, conical surface of the bushing (5) , whereby an expansion of an upper part of the bushing (5) is provided. 9. Positional adjusting mechanism according to claim 8, c h a r a c t e r-i z e d in that the adjusting screw (10) has a first stop face (18) , which is intended to come to abutment against a second stop face (22) of the bushing (5) , the abutment between the stop faces being achieved before the bushing (5) gets a permanent deformation in the upper part thereof . 10. Positional adjusting mechanism according to any one or some of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the bushing consists of a threaded bushing (5) , which has an external thread that is intended to co-operate with an internal thread of the first hole (3) . 11. Tool for chip removing machining, preferably a milling cutter, which comprises a positional adjusting mechanism for a cutting insert (20; 20') in a cutting seat (1; l 1 ) of the tool body, the positional adjusting mechanism comprising a first hole (3) recessed in the tool body in connection with the cutting seat (1; 1') for the cutting insert (20; 20'), a slotted bushing (5) mounted in said hole (3) as well as an adjusting screw (10) received in said bushing (5) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in the mounted state of the bushing (5) in the first hole (3) , a prestressing abutment is provided between an upper part of the bushing (5) and a support surface (4) of the tool body, which support surface (4) is situated in connection with the first hole (3) . 12. Tool according to claim 11, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the cutting seat (1) and the cutting insert (20) have cooperating ridged teeth (17) and grooves (22) .

Inventors: ENQUIST LARS-ERIK, ENQUIST, LARS-ERIK
Applicants: SANDVIK AB
Application year: 2001
Main classification: B23C5
IPC codes: B23B27, B23C5