WASTE WATER FILTRATION TANK

Abstract: A waste water filtration tank (1) receives waste water under hydrostatic pressure. The tank (1) collects solids using a filter screen (7). When the screen (7) becomes clogged with collected solids, liquid is forced into a float chamber (6) which contains a float (13). As waste water collects in the float chamber (6), the float (13) rises, as do a beam member (14) and a pair of rod members (19) to which the float (13) is attached. When the float (13) reaches a predetermined level, cams contained on the rising rod members (19) act on spring-loaded latches, opening the latches and permitting a spring loaded sleeve (20) and reservoir gate (17) to rise, opening the reservoir outlet (12). Accumulated solids are then drained from the reservoir and the backwash from the screen chamber (2) also clears the clogged screen (7).

Description: WASTE WATER FILTRATION TANK The present invention relates to a waste water filtration tank for the treatment of raw waste water. Before waste water can be passed to processing plants such as water treatment facilities, all the solid waste within the effluent must be removed. It is known to use filtration tanks in order to remove such material, with the waste material being separated from the water before the water is either passed on for further processing or else, in some instances, discharged back into the river or sea. Other known methods of treatment include sand filtration and chemical treatment of the liquid to remove impurities . It is the aim of the present invention to provide an automatic waste water flushing system which filters out solids from the effluent before automatically removing said solids from the tank, thereby allowing the filtration to be carried out with the minimum of supervision and also removing the need for the filtered solids to be discharged manually. According to the present invention, there is provided a waste water tank for the filtering of solids from effluent, said tank comprising filtration means and automatic discharge means, wherein said discharge means discharges the filtered solids when said filter reaches a predetermined degree of contamination. Preferably, said tank further comprises an inlet and first and second chambers, said filtration means being located between said inlet and said first chamber. Preferably, said effluent enters said inlet under hydrostatic pressure. Preferably, said tank further comprises a reservoir which communicates with said inlet and each of said first and second chambers. Preferably, said reservoir has a discharge outlet which moves between open and closed states under the action of said discharge means . Preferably, said filtration means is a mesh screen adapted to prevent solids of a predetermined size from entering said first chamber from said reservoir. Preferably, said tank is adapted so that liquid flows into said second chamber from said reservoir when said screen reaches said predetermined level of contamination. Preferably, said discharge means comprises a float located within said second chamber, a gate covering said outlet, and operating means for the operation of said gate, wherein said float acts on said operating means when the level of liquid in said second chamber reaches a predetermined level. Preferably, said operating means comprises a pivotable beam member, first and second rod members having first and second cams attached thereto, a flanged sleeve member attached to said gate, and a locking means, wherein said beam member and said first and second rod members are attached to said float, and wherein said beam member and said first and second rod members are adapted to communicate the movement of said float to said gate. Preferably, said operating means further comprises biasing means which forces said gate into the open position. Preferably, said locking means comprises a pair of spring-loaded latches adapted to move between open and closed positions, said closed position being when said latches act on said flanged sleeve member and said open position being when said latches move away from said sleeve member under the action of said first and second cams, said gate opening under the action of said biasing means. A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a projected view of the filtration tank according to the present invention, the side wall of said tank having been removed for illustrative purposes; Figure 2 shows a side elevation of the tank, with fluid flow directions highlighted; Figure 3 shows a plan view of the tank as seen in Figure 2 ; Figure 4 shows a rear view of the tank as seen in Figures 2 and 3 ; Figure 5 shows a front view of the tank as seen in Figures 2 to 4; Figure 6 shows a projected cut-away view of the tank as seen in Figures 2 to 5 ; and Figure 7 is a detail view of the sluice mechanism as seen in Figure 1. Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a waste water filtration tank 1 with a side wall panel removed for illustrative purposes . The tank 1 has an inlet chamber 3, and a screen chamber 2 which contains a screen 7. The unfiltered effluent is pumped into the inlet chamber 3 via pressure from a generated head through inlet flange 11. The head can either be generated by a pump or by gravity. The effluent flow fills the inlet chamber 3 and the reservoir 8 until it reaches a predetermined level whereupon in begins to pass upwards through the screen 7 into the screen chamber 2. As the effluent passes through the screen 7, solid residue is trapped in the reservoir 8 and cannot pass into the screen chamber 2. Due to the pressure generated in the head, the level of filtered liquid which enters the screen chamber 2 continues to rise until it begins to overflow 9 into an overflow chamber 4, which can be seen in Figures 2 and 3. The filtered liquid then passes out of the overflow chamber 4 via outlet 10 to be discharged for further treatment or else into a sea or river area. The more solids which are filtered by the screen 7, the more blocked the screen 7 will become, thus restricting the flow of liquid through the screen 7 into the screen chamber 2. With the restricted flow through the screen 7, a back pressure is created in a stilling chamber 5 connected to the reservoir 8. As the screen 7 continues to clog, the back pressure increases in the stilling chamber 5, raising the level of liquid in the stilling chamber 5 until it begins to overflow into a float chamber 6. The float chamber 6 contains a drum float 13 which will begin to rise as liquid enters the chamber 6. The float 13 is part of a mechanism which controls the automatic operation of a sluice gate 17. This gate control mechanism alleviates the need to flush the tank 1, as the tank 1 automatically flushes itself when solids have blocked the screen 7 to a certain degree. As shown best in Figure 1, the gate control mechanism consists of a pivoting beam 14 to which the float 13 is attached. Also attached to the beam 14 at the opposite end from the pivot are a rod member 15 and a pair of secondary rod members 19, with the rod member 15 passing down through a sleeve 20. The sleeve 20 has a flange 16 around its circumference, and marries with the top of a sluice rod member 18 which is connected to a sluice gate 17. The sluice rod member 18 is acted on by a compressed spring (not shown) which acts upwards on the sluice rod, the sluice rod acting on the sleeve 20. As the rise in fluid within the float chamber 6 lifts the float 13, the float 13 raises the beam 14, which in turn lifts the rod member 15 and the secondary rod members 19. The pair of secondary rod members 19 each pass through spring-loaded latches 21 which hold the sleeve 20 in position via the flange 16. The latches 21 each have an aperture 22 through which the secondary rods 19 pass. These apertures 22 have a tapered inner surface 22a which is acted on by a cam (not shown) attached to the secondary rod 19. As the combination of the float 13 and beam 14 lift the secondary rods 19 to a predetermined level, the cams act on the respective inner surfaces 22a of the latches 21, thereby pushing the latches 21 outward against their springs (not shown) . The outward movement of the latches 21 releases the flange 16 of the sleeve 20, sending the sleeve 20 and sluice rod 18 swiftly upwards under the force of the compressed spring. The rapid upward movement of the sluice rod 18 then opens the sluice gate 17, allowing the solid residue and fluid trapped in the reservoir 8 to be discharged. As the reservoir 8 is discharged through the sluice gate 17, the level of fluid in the screening chamber 2 will quickly drop, thus backwashing the screen 7 to remove any solids on the underside. At the same time as the sluice gate 17 is opened, a dump valve (not shown) within the float chamber 6 opens, thus emptying the float chamber 6 at a controlled rate . As the float chamber 6 empties, the weight of the float 13 causes both the float and beam 14 to lower. With the lowering of the beam 14, the rod member 15 pushes the sleeve 20 and sluice member 18 down against the spring until the tapered flange 16 reengages with the latches 21. As the sleeve 20 lowers, it also lowers the sluice member 18 to compress the spring and close the sluice gate 17 against the flow of fluid through the inlet flange 11. The mechanism then automatically resets and begins the filtration cycle again. Thus, the filtration tank 1 provides a filtration mechanism which filters the incoming effluent until such time as the filtering screen 7 becomes blocked. Then, without the need for operation by an operator, the mechanism will automatically discharge the filtered solids and begin the cycle again. Thus, the mechanism can operate with the minimum of supervision, and without the need for any manual intervention. Modifications and improvements can be incorporated without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims: CLAIMS : 1. A waste water tank for the filtering of solids from effluent, said tank comprising filtration means and automatic discharge means, wherein said discharge means discharges the filtered solids when said filter reaches a predetermined degree of contamination. 2. A tank according to Claim 1, said tank further comprising an inlet and first and second chambers, said filtration means being located between said inlet and said first chamber. 3. A tank according to Claim 2 , wherein said effluent enters said inlet under hydrostatic pressure. 4. A tank according to any of Claims 2 to 4, said tank further comprising a reservoir which communicates with said inlet and each of said first and second chambers . 5. A tank according to Claim 4, wherein said reservoir has a discharge outlet which moves between open and closed states under the action of said discharge means. 6. A tank according to Claim 5, wherein said filtration means is a mesh screen adapted to prevent solids of a predetermined size from entering said first chamber from said reservoir. 7. A tank according to Claim 6, wherein said tank is adapted so that liquid flows into said second chamber from said reservoir when said screen reaches said predetermined level of contamination. 8. A tank according to any of Claims 5 to 7, wherein said discharge means comprises a float located within said second chamber, a gate covering said outlet, and operating means for the operation of said gate, wherein said float acts on said operating means when the level of liquid in said second chamber reaches a predetermined level . 9. A tank according to claim 8, wherein said operating means comprises a pivotable beam member, first and second rod members having first and second cams attached thereto, a flanged sleeve member attached to said gate, and a locking means, wherein said beam member and said first and second rod members are attached to said float, and wherein said beam member and said first and second rod members are adapted to communicate the movement of said float to said gate. 10. A tank according to Claim 9, wherein said operating means further comprises biasing means which forces said gate into the open position. 11. A tank according to Claim 10, wherein said locking means comprises a pair of spring-loaded latches adapted to move between open and closed positions, said closed position being when said latches act on said flanged sleeve member and said open position being when said latches move away from said sleeve member under the action of said first and second cams, said gate opening under the action of said biasing means .

Inventors: COWAN ANTHONY, COWAN, ANTHONY
Applicants: COWAN ANTHONY, G & K VALVE SERVICES LTD, COWAN, ANTHONY, G & K VALVE SERVICES LIMITED
Application year: 2000
Main classification: B01D29
IPC codes: B01D29