METHOD AND DEVICE IN AUTOMATIC CHIP-REMOVING MACHINE OF A WORK PIECE

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device in the chip-removing machining of a work-piece (3) by means of a rotatable tool (4) with an arbor arranged in a headstock. The tool (4) is displaceable both in an axial direction towards and away from the work-piece (3) and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the arbor. Arranged around a machining point (2) is an enclosure (1), which has a first opening (6), designed to bear tightly against the work-piece (3) around the machining point (2). A second opening (9) in the enclosure (1) is made in a wall (8) substantially perpendicular to the arbor and is designed, during machining, to bear tightly against a plane plate (10) arranged behind the tool (4) and around the headstock, substantially perpendicular to the arbor, so that during machining there is a substantially enclosed space in the area around the tool (4) and the machining point (2). The device comprises means of delivering cutting fluid to the machining point (2) and the enclosure (1) has an outlet opening (12) through which chips that are removed are evacuated from the enclosure (1) by means of the cutting fluid delivered.

Description: Method and device in automatic chip-removing machining of a work-piece The present invention relates to a method in the chip-removing machining of a work- piece by means of a tool rotating with an arbor arranged in a headstock, which tool is displaceable both in an axial direction towards and away from the work-piece and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the arbor, according to the pre-characterising part of claim 1. and to a device in a machine for the chip-removing machining of a work-piece by means of a tool capable of rotating with an arbor arranged in a headstock. which tool is displaceable both in an axial direction towards and away from the work-piece and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the arbor, according to the pre-characterising part of claim 5. In existing automatic chip-removing machining very large quantities of chips are produced. Even if the actual machining does nor require the supply of cutting fluid for cooling purposes and in order to improve the chip removal, large quantities of cutting fluid are used to carry the chips away. The cutting fluid has a low surface tension, which means that it easily gets into seals and bearings etc.. and is aggressive towards electrical and mechanical components. During machining chips and cutting fluid are thrown around in an uncontrolled manner, which may upset the machine and reduce its availability. When machining is in progress it is generally impossible to get close to the machine owing to the dispersion of cutting fluid and chips. Attempts have certainly been made to reduce the dispersion of chips and cutting fluids by arranging a tunnel around the part that is to be machined, clamping devices for the latter and the machining tool. This has admittedly been successful in containing the chips and cutting fluid within a more restricted area, but such a tunnel does not prevent exposure of bearing heels, conveying devices for moving the part, indexing elements, sensors etc. The chips may interfere with sensors for controlling the clamping and machining, which may lead to false alarms, and can get jammed when clamping the part, which may lead to incorrect machining or production stoppages etc. The object of the present invention is to produce a method and a device of the above- mentioned type by means of which the consumption of cutting fluid can be reduced, bringing economic and environmental improvements together with fewer and shorter machine stoppages, which gives greater availability and improved economy and more available production time. The object has been achieved by a method and a device having the characteristics specified in claim 1 and claim 5 respectively. Preferred embodiments of the method and the device moreover have any or some of the characteristics specified in the respective sub-ordinate claims. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing attached, in which 1 generally denotes an enclosure, designed to be arranged around a machining point 2 in a machine for chip-removing machining of a work -piece 3, here represented as an engine block. A cutting tool 4 is rotatable with an arbor arranged in a headstock and is displaceable both in an axial direction, that is to say in the axial direction of the arbor, towards and away from the work-piece 3. and in a plane perpendicular to the arbor for performing one or more machining operations on the work-piece 3. The enclosure 1 has a first wall 5 facing the work-piece 3 with a first opening 6, which is designed to bear tightly against the work-piece 3 around the part of the work-piece 3 that is to be machined, that is to say the machining point 2. As shown, the first wall 5 may have an opening 6, for example, the outline of which is congruent with but somewhat larger than the surface that is to be machined. It may also have an opening 6 somewhat larger than the outline of the work-piece 3 and a seal 7. designed to allow the work-piece 3 to be at least partially introduced into the space in a machining position, while the seal 7 forms a seal against the work-piece 3. A second wall 8 (shown transparent in the figure) opposite the first wall 5 and substantially perpendicular to the arbor has a second opening 9, which allows the tool 4 to be introduced into the enclosure 1 in order to carry out the machining. The second wall 8 is designed, during displacement of the headstock in the direction of the arbor for machining purposes, to bear tightly against a plane plate 10, arranged axially behind the machining tool 4 and around the headstock, substantially perpendicular to the arbor, so that a substantially enclosed space is formed in the area around the tool 4 and the machining point 2. The enclosed space is formed by the said two walls 5, 8 and a third circular wall 11, which joins the peripheries of the first and second walls. The plate 10 is arranged so that when the tool 4 is applied against the work-piece 3 the plate can move against a return force in the direction of the arbor whilst continuing to bear tightly against the second wall 8 of the enclosure. The plate 10 is also displaceable with the tool 4 in the plane perpendicular to the arbor whilst bearing tightly around the second opening 9 in the enclosure. This is due to the fact that the plate 10 is designed so much larger than the second opening 9 that it completely covers the second opening 9 and bears around its periphery during the maximum displacement of the tool 4 in the plane perpendicular to the arbor permitted by the machine tool during machining. Alternatively, the said third wall 11 may be formed by a telescopic cover or a flexible bellows, which of itself or with the aid of spring devices can generate the return force that is required to maintain a tight bearing contact between the second wall and the plate. In this way it is also possible to make the second opening 9 of the enclosure 1 including uV wall 8 displaceable in relation to the work-piece 3 against a return force in the direction of the arbor (not shown). Because the wall 8 of the enclosure 1 containing the second opening 9 is formed in a part of the enclosure 1. which whilst maintaining the seal can move telescopically around a part of the enclosure 1 that includes the first opening 9, it is possible to maintain not only the sealing contact against the plate 10 but also an enclosed space around the machining point 2 when the tool 4 is applied to the work-piece 3. The enclosure 1 furthermore has an outlet opening 12 at the bottom, through which chips that are removed can be evacuated from the enclosure 1 by means of cutting fluid delivered to the machining point. Cutting fluid can be delivered to the machining point 2 in many different ways, for example by means of a line opening into the enclosed space, which line can be introduced into the enclosure 1 through a separate opening in the enclosure 1 or through the first opening 6 via the work-piece 3 or through the second opening 9 in connection with the machine tool 4. A negative pressure source, for example a suction fan (not shown), to further assist the evacuation of chips and cutting fluid can be arranged in connection with the outlet opening 12.

Claims: Claims 1. Method in the chip-removing machining of a work-piece (3) by means of a tool (4) rotating with an arbor arranged in a headstock, which tool is displaceable both in an axial direction towards and away from the work-piece (3) and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the arbor, an enclosure (1) being arranged around a machining point (2) on the work-piece (3), a first opening (6) in the enclosure (1) being made to bear tightly against the work-piece (3) around the machining point (2) and a second opening (9). made in a wall (8) of the enclosure ( 1 ) substantially perpendicular to the arbor being made, during machining, to bear tightly against a plane plate (10) arranged behind the tool (4) and around the headstock. substantially perpendicular to the arbor, so that during machining a substantially enclosed space is created in the area around the tool (4) and the machining point (2), characterised in that when the tool (4) is applied to the work-piece (3) the plate (10) is displaced axially together with the tool (4) against a return force whilst bearing tightly around the second opening (9), in that when the tool (4) is applied to the work-piece (3) the wall (8) of the enclosure (1) containing the opening (9) is displaced axially in relation to the work-piece (3) against a return force whilst not only bearing tightly against the plate (10) but also maintaining an enclosed space around the machining point (2). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the tool (4) can be moved in the plane of the plate ( 10) within the area enclosed by the opening (9) whilst bearing tightly against the wall (8). 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that cutting fluid is delivered to the machining point (2) and the enclosure (1) furthermore has an outlet opening (12) through which chips that are removed are evacuated from the enclosure (1) by means of the cutting fluid delivered to the machining point (2). 4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a negative pressure source, for example a suction fan, is arranged in connection with the outlet opening (12). 5. Device in a machine for chip-removing machining of a work-piece (3) by means of a tool (4) capable of rotating with an arbor arranged in a headstock, which tool is displaceable both in an axial direction towards and away from the work-piece (3) and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the arbor, an enclosure (1) arranged around a machining point (2) on the work-piece (3) having a first opening (6) designed to bear tightly against the work-piece (3) around the machining point (2), and a second opening (9) made in a wall (8) of the enclosure (1) substantially perpendicular to the arbor, which second opening (9) is designed, during machining, to bear tightly against a plane plate (10) arranged behind the tool (4) and around the headstock, substantially perpendicular to the arbor, so that during machining there is a substantially enclosed space in the area around the tool (4) and the machining point (2), characterised in that the plate (10) is axially displaceable relative to the tool (4) against a return force whilst bearing tightly around the second opening (9) of the enclosure ( 1 ), and in that the wall (8) of the enclosure containing the opening (9) is axially displaceable relative to the work-piece (3) against a return force whilst not only bearing tightly against the plate (10) but also maintaining an enclosed space around the machining point (2). 6. Device according to claim 5. characterised in that the tool (4), whilst bearing tightly against the wall (8), is moveable in the plane of the plate (10) within the area defined by the opening (9). 7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the device comprises means of delivering cutting fluid to the machining point (2) and the enclosure (1) has an outlet opening (12) through which chips that are removed can be evacuated from the enclosure (1) by means of the cutting fluid delivered. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the outlet opening (12) is connected to a negative pressure source, for example a suction fan. 9. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first opening (6) has an outline that is congruent with but somewhat larger than the outline of the work-piece (3) and a seal (7), designed to allow the work- piece (3) to be introduced, at least partially, into the space into a machining position 0. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a line arranged as a means of delivering cutting fluid opens into the enclosed space.

Inventors: ANDERSSON MATZ, LOEF KLAS-ARNE, ANDERSSON, MATZ, LOEF, KLAS-ARNE
Applicants: ANDERSSON MATZ, LOEF KLAS ARNE, VOLVO AB, AB VOLVO, ANDERSSON, MATZ, LOEF, KLAS-ARNE
Application year: 2000
Main classification: B23Q11
IPC codes: B23Q11