Method and device for forming fiber packs for manufacturing brushes from a fiber strand

Abstract: Method for forming fiber packs for manufacturing brushes from a fiber strand, whereby fiber packs (2) are formed from a fiber strand (1) which is provided with a cover (4) by cutting off parts (5) of this fiber strand (1), characterized in that, before such a part (5) is cut off, the cover (4) is entirely removed from said part (5).

Description: The present invention concerns a method and a device for forming fiber packs from a fiber strand, in particular fiber packs which are used for manufacturing brushes. It is known that the fibers for forming brush hairs are packed into fiber strands consisting of parallel fibers which are kept together by means of a cover. These fiber strands, which usually have a diameter of some 5 cm and a length of 1 to 2 m, are cut in parts of the required length at a later stage. Thus are obtained packed fiber packs which can be supplied to a brush manufacturing machine, where the cover is removed from the fiber packs and where the fibers are provided in the fiber magazines. According to American patent No. 4.680.850 of the applicant, the cover of the fibers which are cut at a specific length is removed by partially cutting in the cover and by folding it, such that the fibers are set free over a certain length, and by subsequently grasping the fiber pack with a clamp on the part which has been set free, after which the cover is entirely removed. From German patent No. 195.25.808 it is known to partially turn up the cover of each part to be cut off from such a fiber strand before cutting off the part concerned. Thus are obtained fiber packs cut at a specific length whose fibers are still kept together by the cover, but which also have a part which has been set free which makes it possible to put a clamp on the fiber pack, after which the cover can be entirely removed from the fiber pack. The present invention aims an improved method and device for making fiber packs from fiber strands which are new and which moreover offer several advantages. To this end, the invention aims a method for forming fiber packs for manufacturing brushes from a fiber strand, whereby fiber packs are formed from a fiber strand which is provided with a cover by cutting off parts of this fiber strand, characterized in that, before such a part is cut off, the cover is entirely removed from said part. As the cover is already entirely removed from the part to be cut off before this part is cut off from the fiber strand, this offers the advantage that one does not need to be particularly cautious when removing the cover, as the fibers of the fiber pack to be formed are still connected to the rest of the fiber strand at that time and thus cannot fall apart. Also according to the invention, the time-consuming intermediate treatment, which is necessary in the known embodiments in order to remove the cover of the fiber pack which has already been cut off, is excluded. As the entire fiber part to be cut off is set free according to the invention, the cover does not form an obstacle for providing a clamp, which is the case with the above-mentioned known techniques, as the fibers of the fiber pack are still surrounded by a part of the cover while the clamp is being provided, so that there is little place for the clamp. Another ensuing advantage consists in that the length of the fiber packs to be cut off is no longer restricted by the manipulations which have to be carried out thereupon later on in order to remove the cover, so that fiber packs with very short fiber lengths, smaller than 2 cm, can be formed and be processed. It is clear, however, that the fibers to be cut off have to be clamped or inserted in an appropriate device before they are cut off, so that the fiber pack does not fall apart after the fibers have been cut off. Preferably, the fibers of the above-mentioned part are held to this end in a clamping device, after the cover has been removed from this part, but before the part is cut off, so that they can be carried off directly for further manipulation by means of this clamping device. According to the most preferred embodiment, the cover is systematically removed as the parts are being cut off. As a result, the fibers of the remaining part of the fiber strand remain well arranged. According to a practical embodiment, the cover is removed by systematically removing it as of the end where the above-mentioned parts are being cut off, whereas the cover on the remaining part of the fiber strand is left untouched. In particular, the cover is preferably removed by cutting it in the longitudinal direction at one or several places on the perimeter and by carrying off the cut cover sideways. According to a variant, the cover is removed by unwinding it from the fiber strand. Although the cover of the rear part of the fiber strand is preferably left untouched, as described above, it is not excluded to remove the cover by either shifting it backward, or by shifting it as a whole like a cylinder, or by turning it up in a zigzag way. According to a special embodiment, a fixed device is used to remove the cover; the fiber strand is moved through this device; and the fiber strand is lowered through the above-mentioned device, making use of the gravitational force, either or not with the help of additional means. Practically, the cut-off fiber packs are then straightened by beating them or making them vibrate in an auxiliary device, between two stops, such that all the ends of the fibers are situated in one and the same plane. The invention also concerns a method for manufacturing brushes, characterized in that the brush fibers are obtained from fiber packs which are formed according to the above-described method. Further, the invention also concerns a device for forming fiber packs from a fiber strand according to the known method, characterized in that it at least consists of supply means for a fiber strand; means for removing the cover from the fiber strand; a stop for the end of the fiber strand; a cutting device for cutting off parts of the fiber strand which operates in between the means for removing the cover from the fiber strand and the above-mentioned stop; and a clamping device for holding the above-mentioned parts. In order to better explain the characteristics of the invention, the following preferred embodiments are described as an example only without being limitative in any way, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 schematically represents the method according to the invention; figure 2 schematically represents a device for realizing the method of figure 1; figure 3 represents the device of figure 2 in another condition; figure 4 represents the part indicated by F4 in figure 3 to a larger scale; figure 5 represents the above-mentioned device in perspective, for practically the same condition as in figure 3; figure 6 represents a view analogous to that in figure 3, but for yet another condition; figure 7 schematically represents another part of the device; figure 8 shows a variant in perspective; figures 9 and 10 schematically represent two variants for removing the cover from the fiber strand; figure 11 represents a tooth brush as a section with brush hairs consisting of fibers which are formed of the above-mentioned fiber strands. As is represented in figure 1, the invention concerns the processing of fiber strands 1 into fiber packs 2. The fiber strands 1 are, as represented in step A, supplied in the form of a bundle of parallel fibers 3 around which is provided a cover 4, usually made of paper. The fiber packs 2 are formed by cutting off parts 5 with a specific length from the fiber strand 1, as a function of the fiber length which is required for manufacturing the brushes. The invention is special in that, as represented in step B, the cover 4 is entirely removed from the part 5, before this part 5, as indicated in steps C and D, is cut off by means of a knife 6 or such. Before the part 5 is cut off, the fibers 3 are taken up in a clamping device 7 at the height of the part 5, so that the loose fibers 3A obtained after the cutting are kept together. As indicated in step D, the cut-off fibers 3A, whose cover 4 has then been entirely removed, can be further manipulated by means of the clamping device 7, as will be further explained hereafter. In practice, the above-mentioned method can be realized in different ways. An example of a device 8 is described hereafter on the basis of figures 2 to 6. This device 8 mainly consists of supply means 9 for a fiber strand 1; means 10 for removing the cover 4 from the fiber strand 1; a stop 11 for the end 12 of the fiber strand 1; a cutting device 13 for cutting off parts 5 of the fiber strand 1 which operates in between the above-mentioned means 10 and the above-mentioned stop 11; and a clamping device 7 for holding the above-mentioned parts 5. In the example of figures 2 to 6, the supply means 9 consist of an upward, in particular vertically upward directed guide 14 forming a passage 15 for the fiber strand 1. The means 10 consist of one or several, in this case six knives 16 which are erected along the perimeter of the above-mentioned passage 15 or its extension, as well as of a guide 17 for carrying off the cut parts 18 of the cover 4 sideways. The guide 17 is formed of the top side of a plate 19, which is provided with an opening 20 for the fiber strand 1. The cutting device 13 consists of a knife 21 which can be moved under the above-mentioned guide 14, in particular under the plate 19, by means of a drive element 22. The above-mentioned stop 11 is situated under the plate 19, such that a fiber strand 1 provided in the guide 14 can rest with its end 12 on the stop 11. The working of the device 8 is explained hereafter on the basis of the different steps which are represented in figures 2 to 6. First, a fiber strand 1 1 is provided in the guide 14, as represented in figure 2. As represented in the figures 3, 4 and 5, the fiber strand 1 slides down under its own weight, until it rests on the stop 11 with its end 12. The cover 4 is hereby cut in the longitudinal direction over its perimeter where the knives 16 are situated. The cut parts 18 are hereby carried off sideways over the top side of the plate 19. Hereby is created a part 5 whose cover 4 has been entirely removed, whose fibers 3 are subsequently grasped by means of the clamping device 7. By subsequently activating the cutting device 13, as represented in figure 6, a fiber pack 2 of loose fibers 3A is formed. It should be noted that the distance X between the cutting device 13 and the stop 11 is preferably adjustable by means of setting means which are not represented, such that the length of the fibers 3A can be adjusted. It should also be noted that the fiber strand 1, before being cut, can be subjected to a vibrating or beating treatment via the stop 11 so as to make sure that the fibers 3 near the end 12 are all situated in one and the same plane. The device 8 can possibly be equipped, as represented in figure 7, with an auxiliary device 23 for setting the ends of the fibers 3A at equal heights again after the cutting, which may cause some shifts. As is represented, this auxiliary device 23 consists for example of two stops 24-25 in between which the fibers 3A are straightened by beating them or by making them vibrate. It should be noted that the device 8 can be either or not part of a brush manufacturing machine. In case it is part of such a brush manufacturing machine, the whole will be equipped with transfer means 26 which, as is schematically represented in figure 7, put the cut-off fiber packs 2 in the fiber magazine 27 with the help of the clamping device 7. After the lower part 5 has been cut off and removed, the fiber strand 1 drops again, after which the cycle can be repeated. Thus, the cover 4 is systematically removed as the parts 5 are being cut off. It is clear that the device 8 can be made according to a large number of variants. The fiber strand 1 can for example be set in motion with the help of a press-on element 28. According to a variant, it can also be moved horizontally, provided suitable drive means are used. Moreover, the movement does not necessarily have to be carried out by the fiber strand 1, but it can also be obtained by systematically moving the stop 11 and the cutting device 13. Figure 8 represents yet another variant whereby the knives for cutting the cover 4 consist of cutting dies 29, whereas the above-mentioned plate 19 has been replaced by a tube part 30. Naturally, the cover 4 can also be removed in other ways. Figure 9 represents a variant whereby the cover 4 is removed by unwinding it from the fiber strand 1. Usually, this unwinding is very easy, as the cover 4 is formed in practice by enveloping the fiber strand 1 like a spiral with a strip, which strip can thus be easily unwound again. Figure 10 schematically represents a variant in which the cover 4 is removed by shifting it backward over at least the part 5 to be cut off. In figure 10, the cover 4 is shifted backward like a tube, but it is clear that it could also be turned up in a zigzag manner and be pushed away. According to a variant which is not represented, the fiber strand 1 could also be first stripped of its cover 4 over its entire length and it could be grasped in one or several clamping devices to be then divided in fiber packs. The method of the invention is particularly appropriate for manufacturing brushes, in particular tooth brushes whereby the fiber bundles consist of simple fibers instead of the conventional double-folded fibers. The length of the inserted fiber bundles hereby mainly coincides with the length of the fibers. Since the fibers are not double-folded in this case, one should take relatively short fiber packs 2 as a basis, which does justice to the method according to the invention. What precedes does not exclude, however, that the invention can also be applied for manufacturing other brushes, whereby the fibers 3A are either or not double-folded later on. The method of the invention is also particularly useful for manufacturing wire-wound brushes, in particular interdental brushes 31 and mascara brushes, as represented in figure 11. These types have a small diameter D1 and hence also a short fiber length. When, thanks to the present invention, it is possible to process short fibers during the manufacturing, this leads to less loss of raw materials, as less fibers are cut off. Thus, in all the above-mentioned systems for removing the above-mentioned cover 4, use can be either or not made of the gravitational force, in particular of the fiber strand's 1 own weight, to make the cover 4 loose.

Claims: Method for forming fiber packs for manufacturing brushes from a fiber strand, whereby fiber packs (2) are formed from a fiber strand (1) which is provided with a cover (4) by cutting off parts (5) of this fiber strand (1), characterized in that , before such a part (5) is cut off, the cover (4) is entirely removed from said part (5). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers (3) of the above-mentioned part (5), after the cover (4) has been removed from this part (5), but before this part (5) is cut off, are grasped in a clamping device (7). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber strand (1) is put against a stop (11) with the end (12) where the above-mentioned part (5) is cut off. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (4) is systematically removed as the parts (5) are being cut off. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (4) is removed by cutting it in the longitudinal direction at one or several places on the perimeter and by carrying off the cut cover (4) sideways. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the fiber strand (1) is carried along a guide (17); the cover (4) for this guide (17) is cut in the longitudinal direction by means of at least two fixed knives (16); the cut cover (4) is bent off along the guide (17); and the part (5) of the fiber strand (1) which has been set free is cut behind the above-mentioned guide (17) so as to form a fiber pack (2) with loose fibers (3A) of the required length. Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover (4) is removed by unwinding it from the fiber strand (1). Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover (4) is removed by shifting it backward over at least the part (5) to be cut off. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fixed device (8) is used for removing the cover (4); in that the fiber strand (1) is moved through this device (8); and in that , in order to move the fiber strand (1), it is lowered through the above-mentioned device (8), making use of the gravitational force. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends of the fibers (3A) of the cut fiber packs (2) are subsequently straightened by beating them or by making them vibrate in an auxiliary device (23), in particular in between two stops (24-25). Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used to form fibers (3A) with a length smaller than 2 cm. Method for manufacturing brushes, characterized in that the brush fibers are formed according to the method of any of claims 1 to 11. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the cut parts (5) of the fiber strand (1) are directly or indirectly transferred to a fiber magazine (27) of a brush manufacturing machine via a clamping device (7) which holds the fibers (3A) while they are being cut. Method according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it is used for manufacturing brushes, in particular tooth brushes of the type whereby the length of the inserted fiber bundles mainly coincides with the length of the fibers (3A) of which they are formed. Method according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it is used for manufacturing wire-wound brushes (31). Device for forming fiber packs from a fiber strand according to the method of claim 1, characterized in that it consists at least of supply means (9) for a fiber strand (1); means (10) for removing the cover (4) from the fiber strand (1); a stop (11) for the end (12) of the fiber strand; a cutting device (13) for cutting off parts (5) of the fiber strand (1) which operates between the above-mentioned means (10) and the above-mentioned stop (11); and a clamping device (7) to hold the above-mentioned parts (5). Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the supply means (9) consist of an upward, preferably vertically upward directed guide (14) forming a passage (15) for the fiber strand (1); in that the stop (11) is situated under this guide (14), such that a fiber strand (1) provided in the guide (14) can rest with its lower end (12) on the stop (11); in that the means (10) for removing the cover (4) from the fiber strand (1) consist of one or several knives (16-21) which are erected along the perimeter of the above-mentioned passage (15) or the extension thereof, as well as of a guide (17) for carrying off the cut parts (18) of the cover (4) sideways; and in that the cutting device (13) is provided under the above-mentioned guide (17) for carrying off the cover (4) sideways.

Inventors: BOUCHERIE BART GERARD, BOUCHERIE, BART GERARD
Applicants: BOUCHERIE NV G B, FIRMA G.B. BOUCHERIE
Application year: 2000
Main classification: A46D1
IPC codes: A46D1