DRILL FOR MAKING WIDE DIAMETER AND HIGH DEPTH HOLES AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT SAID HOLES

Abstract: A drill for drilling wide diameter and high depth holes in the soil including a base machine (1) having a rotary (2) that is equipped with a clamp (9) and, by means of translation cylinders (8), rotates and axially moves a series of drill stem (7) having a tool (6) at the free end thereof, includes: a hydraulic joint (3) linked to the rotary (2); at leat a winch (4) linked to the hydraulic joint (3) and provided with at least a wire rope (18); a carrier canister (5) slidely connected with the stem (7) between the rotary (2) and the tool (6) by means of at least the wire rope (18); at least a winch (4), a wire rope (18), a carrier canister (5) are rotated together with the stem (7) of the rotary (2) in correspondence of an operating condition of the drill.

Description: DRILL FOR MAKING WIDE DIAMETER AND HIGH DEPTH HOLES AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT SAID HOLES TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a dπll fit for carrying out wide diameter and high depth holes, especially for pilings and wells, and method for carrying out thereof. BACKGROUND ART The piles for the soil consolidation are commonly realized duπng the dπllmg phase, the reinforcement bar installation and concrete casting. The dπlhngs are earned out by means of soil cutting or crumbling and carrying away the removed mateπal. Currently the mateπal removing is done by means of either intermittent transport, using hammer grabs or a telescopic Kelly dπven by a rotary, that must be lifted each time, or continuous transport by means of a cochlea or by fluid circulation. The hammer grab utilization is limited to the scarce cohesion grounds, particularly to transport mateπal trough the casing pipes. Using the rotary with telescopic Kelly s \stem is possible to make holes for wide diameter piles (up to 2-3 meters) but for limited depth, typically 50-60 m The depth limit is due to the tact that the cutting and mateπal transport tool is linked to the infeπor end of seπes of telescopic stem fit to transmit the cutting torque With the hole depth increasing, the stem length or the number of the used elements must increase with difficulties imposing the cued limits Increasing the diameter, the resistance of said elements must be also increased. So the wide diameter and high depth holes can be obtained only with very high, heavy and expensive machines that sometimes don't have the required space to operate With the cochlea system, it is used an helix with the sharp tools in the infeπor part, linked in the upper part to a rotary that dπve the rotating movement and to extraction wire ropes. Said method requires high extraction forces and very high machines, whose height is comparable to the hole depth. Practically holes with 1,2-1,5 m as maximum diameter and 25-30 m as maximum depth are possible The circulating fluid systems require water pumps, or air compressors with flows growing with the diameter and depth increasing. Said systems allow to reach very high depth only if the working diameters are small (200-300 mm). Wider diameter holes (800-1400 mm) would be done using great flow rates required to the crumbled mateπal lifting The reverse circulation system allows to dπll deep and large diameter holes lifting the cut or crumbled mateπal in a stream of water moved upward inside the stem by compressed air. This system can be used only in waterproof soil or on the sea or lakes or making the hole waterproof thanks to expensive casings. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to allow the carrying out of great diameter and high depth holes, for pilings or wells with an equipment limited in height, weight and cost, usable also under bridges, tunnels, buildings near electπc cables, in lakes and in the sea ~> Another object is to hardly increase the hole execution speed According to the method and the machine of the present invention, the dπlled mateπal is earned to the surface by a earner canister or similar that slides along the dπll stems rotated by a rotary, being linked to ropes moved by winches rotating integral with the stems So the mateπal can be quickly and continuously removed, without lifting and moving the stems and without necessanly stopping the dπlhng operations The above descnbed objects are obtained in accordance with the content of the claims BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is now descπbed, refemng to the enclosed drawings that show as sample some possible embodiments, in which - figure 1 shows a schematic side view of the operating dπll, with the earner canister duπng the lifting phase, figures 2 and 3 show respectively a side and a cross sectional view of a device for hooking the earner canister the stems, in the releasing condition, with the free sliding of the earner canister, - figure 4 and 5 show the same particulars of figures 2 and 3, in the hooking condition, figure 6 and 7 show two schematic side views of the dnll equipped with a piston earner canister, duπng two different working phases, figure 8 shows a schematic side view of the working dnll, equipped with a down hole-hammer and linked to a compressor, - figure 9 shows a vanant of the dπll of figure 1 used for making high depth and wide diameter holes BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In figure 1, numeral 1 shows a basic machine that supplies hydraulic power to the rotary 2. and, by means of an hydraulic joint 3, to the winches 4, that rotate integral with the dnll stems 7 having a plurality of longitudinal projecting guides 19. The numeral 5 show the earner canister that is dnven in the vertical movements by wire ropes 18 of the winches 4. The numeral 6 indicates the dπll tool, linked to the stem 7 infenor end. The penetration and extraction force is dπven from the translation cylinders 8 of the rotary to the dπll tool 6 by means of the stems 7 with a stem clamp 9. The numeral 10 shows an auxiliary clamp that allows the stem holding duπng the extraction phase to facilitate the disassembling of this latter. The dπll stems 7 are loaded by a loader 11 and connected by a device 12. The numeral 13 shows a conveyor for moving the removed matenal. In figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, the numeral 5' refers to an inner sleeve of the canister 5, provided with longitudinal grooves 21 of different width forming a shoulder 20. The dπlling matenal can be continuously earned to the surface, without stopping the dπll and without lifting the stems, by means of the earner canister 5 sliding on the dπll stem 7, pulled by the wire ropes 18 linked to the winches 4 rotating integral with the stems To keep the earner canister 5 down dunng the loading phase and to release it duπng the unloading phase, the automatic hooking device compπses the inner sleeve 5' The mfenor ends of the longitudinal projecting guides 19 can engage the shoulder 20 obtained by the longitudinal grooves 21. At the end of the descendant run, the earner canister 5 reaches the soil removed by the dnll tool 6 duπng the ascendant, unload and descendant phases of the canister 5 To carry out the connection between the canister 5 and the stem infeπor end, the stem clamp 9 clamps the stems 7 to the rotary 2 that is lifted by means of the translation cylinder 8, until the wire ropes 18 are loosed showing that the canister 5 is properly lifted by the dπll tool 6. The rotary 2 rotates the dnll stem 7 in the dπlling rotation sense causing the overlay of the lower end of the longitudinal guides 19 on the shoulder 20 causing the automatic linkage between the stem 7 and the inner sleeve 5' of the canister 5. The above mentioned rotation m combination with a downward translation causes the opening of axial or radial valves, known and not illustrated, of the canister bottom that, consequently, can collect the removed soil. In the hooking condition A of the canister 5 to the stem 7 by means of the inner sleeve 5', the canister 5 rotates integral with the steams 7. The canister 5 can be equipped with bottom dπll tools that, because of rotation, digs the soil together with the dπll toll 6, consequently the diameter of the hole can be wider than the diameter of the dnll toll 6 and equal to the diameter of the canister 5. In the vaπant according to figures 6 and 7, the earner canister 5 has an inner piston 14 sliding inside the canister 5 and connected to the wire ropes 18 that facilitates the loading. The piston 14, when is pulled by the wire ropes 18, intakes the removed soil inside the canister 5. In this vanant the dnll tool 6 has the same diameter of the canister 5 that, consequently, is not equipped with bottom dnll tools. In the vanant of the dnll according to figure 8 the numeral 16 indicates a joint connecting the stem bore to the outlet pipeline of an air compressor 15 and the dnll tool 6 consists of a down hole-hammer or similar destruction tool. In such case the compressed air coming from the compressor removes the mateπal from the tool teeth or roller bit avoiding the obstruction of the dπll tool 6. The flow supplied by the compressor is low because the mateπal must be moved and not lifted to the surface Whatever vanant used, the method and the dnll of the present invention can quickly dnll wide diameter and high depth holes and can also working near bndges, buildings, electπc power line or other obstacles, m lakes and sea. A vanant of the earner canister of the dπll has a structure that can be opened, for example, along the opening line 17 of figure 9 so allowing the easy discharging of the earned mateπal into the surface.

Claims: CLAIMS 1) Dπll for dπlling wide diameter and high depth holes in the soil including a base machine (1) having a rotary (2) that is equipped with a clamp (9) and, by means of translation cylinders (8), rotates and axially moves a seπes of dnll stem (7) having a tool (6) at the free end thereof, with said dπll charactenzed that includes- an hydraulic joint (3) linked to the rotary (2); at least a winch (4) linked to the hydraulic joint (3) and provided with at least a - a earner canister (5) slidely connected with the stem (7) between the rotary (2) and the tool (6) by means of at least the wire rope (18); at least a winch (4), a wire rope (18), a earner canister (5) are rotated together with the stem (7) of the rotary (2) m conespondence of an operating condition of the dnll. 2) Dnll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that the stems (7) have at least a longitudinally projecting guide (19) having the lower free end at a predefined distance from the tool (6); the canister (5) has an axial inner sleeve (5') having at least an internal grove (21) into which the related guide (19) slides in conespondence of the axial movement of the canister (5) along the stems (7), each of said grove (21) having a transversal shoulder (20) fit for stopping the related free end of the guide (19) in conespondence of a hooking condition (A )of the canister (5) to the seπes of stems (7) 3) Dnll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that the canister (5) is provided of dnl ng teeth (22) on the bottom. 4) Dnll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that the canister (5) is provided with opening lines (17) fit for carrying out the opening of the same canister (5) 5) Dπll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that it further includes a conveyor (13) placed near the base machine (1) for transporting the matenal earned out by the canister (5). 6) Dπll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that it further includes an auxiliary clamp (10) laying under the winch (4) fit for disassembling the stems (7) 7) Dnll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that it further includes a loader (11) of the stems (7) feeding these latter to a stem connection device (12). 8) Dπll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that the canister (5) contains a inner piston (14) linked to the wire ropes (18) fit for facilitating the loading of matenal into the same canιster(5) 9) Dnll according to the claim 1 charactenzed in that the tool (6) in constituted by a down hole-hammer trough which an air jet flows coming from a compressor (15) trough a joint (16). 10) Method for dπlling wide diameter and high depth holes in the soil charactenzed that includes: the slidly descending along stems (7) a canister (5) till reaching the dπlled mateπal on the hole bottom; the rotation of the canister (5) pressing it on the hole bottom for transferring the matenal into the canister (5), the lifting of the canister (5) till the sole surface; the unloading of the canister (5). 11) Method according to the claim 10 characterized in that it further includes the activation of the tool (6) and stems (7) in correspondence of the desending, loading and unloading conditions. 12) Method according to the claim 11 characterized in that it further includes the activation of the tools (6) and stems (6) in correspondence of the lifting. 13) Method according to the claim 10 characterized in that in correspondence of the rotation of the canister (5), this latter drills. 14) Method according to the claim 10 characterized in that it includes, after the descending of the canister (5) onto the hole bottom, the rotation deactivation of the stems (7), the lifting of the stems (7) up to the contact of the tool (6) with the canister bottom, the reactivation of the stem rotation with the consequent hooking of these latter with the canister (5). 15) Method according to the claim 10 characterized in that it includes, before the lifting, the deactivation of the stem rotation, the counter-rotation of the stems (7) causing the axial release of the canister (5) from the stems (7).

Inventors: ACCORRONI GIULIO, ACCORRONI, GIULIO
Applicants: ACCORRONI GIULIO, I M T S P A, ACCORRONI, GIULIO, I.M.T. S.P.A.
Application year: 2000
Main classification: E21B7
IPC codes: E21B7, E21B27