Double funnel float valve

Abstract: Accordingly, it can be seen that our Double Funnel Float Valve 10 functions both as a valve and as a trap in liquid supply and liquid disposal systems. It functions without a power source and without mechanical parts, making it inexpensive and durable. It is designed to be easily installed to standard plumbing, virtually maintenance free, and the only movable parts, the floating ball 14, weighted oval shuttle 16, and aspiratory shuttle 24, can be easily replaced. Although the description above contains many specificities, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently preferred embodiments of this invention. Various other embodiments and ramifications are possible within it's scope. For example, the double funnel float valve 10 might also be configured as a faucet or, on a larger scale, sewer systems. Thus the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the examples given.

Description: Background -- Field of Invention This invention relates to valve devices specifically to a floating shuttle within double funnels, which will be able to form a sealing relation at the upper funnel spout point of the double funnel float valve in liquid supply and liquid disposal systems. Background -- Description of Prior Art In both liquid supply and liquid disposal systems, various flow control mechanisms are used to regulate the rate, volume, and direction of the circulated liquid. Presently, a plurality of devices are used as valves, for controlling the flow of air, liquid, or gas in one direction only. Traps are commonly used in disposal systems and are usually U-shaped or S-shaped drain pipes,or drain assembly parts, in prior art, that hold liquid so as to prevent unpleasant gasses entering the drain. US 2,627,868 which represents the closest prior art describes a hydraulic vent valve with a hollow valve member positioned within a cavity. Valve seats at the ends of the cavity are funnel shaped. US 5,662,138 describes a water drop structure with a control floating ball which can seal a lower through hole thereby preventing intrusion of smell and which can seal an upper through hole thereby preventing sewage back floy. Objects and Advantages Accordingly, several objects and advantages of our invention are: 1) The ball or shuttle float, being lighter than liquids, lifts and allows one way flow if the liquid through the valve, but seals the upper funnel in the event of over-flow and/or back-flow. 2) A variation of the valve, in which liquid is constantly present within the double funnels and the normal position of the ball or shuttle seals the upper funnel, also functions as a foot-valve or anti-reverse flow valve. 3) Another variation is forseen, in which an aspiratory shuttle is provided with an air aspirator within the shuttle that will act as a breather during situations involving abrupt or rapid drainage. 4) The weight and size of the ball or shuttle floats can be adjusted to allow the escape of air and/or gas at specific pressures as a safety feature. 5) The design is such that the manufacture and maintenance can be inexpensive and durable. 6) The valve size and construction is such that it can be easily added-on to existing plumbing, drains, or liquid distribution systems. Still further objects and advantages will become apparent from a consideration of the ensuing description and accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a double funnel float valve not forming a part of the invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a liquid supply pump and plumbing, which embodies the invention with a weighted oval shuttle float functioning as an anti-reverse flow valve. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of our invention in a liquid disposal system and embodies the invention utilizing an aspiratory shuttle as a breather. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a closed tank liquid distribution system using all three types of the double funnel float valve. Reference Numerals 10 double funnel float valve 12 double funnel 14 floating ball 16 weighted oval shuttle 18 spout inlet 20 spout outlet 22 aspiratory shuttle 24 aspirator hole 26 weighted shuttle bottom 28 upper hollow shuttle top 30 plastic core 32 air holes 34 breather notches 36 pump Summary Our invention relates to a float valve device which, in addition to the flow control mechanism usually associated with a valve in liquid supply and liquid disposal systems, also functions as a safety measure to prevent back-flow. An additional structural function is to act as a trap, even in the absence of liquid, to prevent objectionable odors and gas from passing through the double funnel valve. We accomplish this with only one moving part, a body capable of floating in the liquid passing through the inverse double funnel valve housing. When liquid is not in the system, the float rests in the lower funnel spout outlet, guided to that position by the funnel shape and held in place by gravity. The shape and specific weight of the floating body are desirably chosen so that it is always held fast in relation with the outlet. Liquid flowing into the valve from either the inlet or outlet will lift the float away from the lower funnel spout outlet allowing flow down the lower funnel spout outlet, but preventing over-flow or back-flow by way of the upper funnel spout inlet structure guiding the float into a sealing relation as the surface level of the liquid reaches the upper funnel inlet sealing point, thereby allowing flow of the liquid on in the drain or downward direction. Thus both valve and trap functions are accomplished without mechanical means and without the need for external power. Preferred Embodiment -- Description In Fig.1 we show a sectional view of the double funnel float valve 10. The valve/trap consists of two parts: a hollow tube tapered at both ends, hence a double funnel 12; and a floating ball 14 or weighted oval shuttle 16 housed within the double funnel tube. The double funnel tube can be made of plastic or metal and be fitted together, after insertion of the ball or oval shuttle, by using a seal and a standard bolted airtight flange. This allows easy maintenance and replacement of the float as necessary. The ends of the funnel tube, spout inlet 18 and spout outlet 20, will be fitted with rotating coupling nuts to enable the valve to be connected to standard drain or liquid supply piping with industry standard sizes and threads. The floating ball 14 will be a smooth orb made of plastic and some additional material to allow adjustment of its' weight between the range of being heavier than air and lighter than the liquid to flow through the valve/trap. The floating ball 14 size should be larger than the inlet and outlet spouts, but smaller than the housing inner diameter, and have a hardness lower than that of the housing material. The weighted oval shuttle 16 will have the lower end of the oval weighted to be heavier than the top, to allow better positioning within the funnel tube, but still capable of floating in the liquid. We envision this to also be made of plastic. The plastic parts are also envisioned to contain bacteria killing material. The double funnel float valve 10 must be installed in a vertical position along the piping as the float seats in the upper spout inlet and is held in place by the surface level of the liquid, and seals the lower funnel spout outlet 20 by gravity, hence the upper and lower spouts must be perpendicular to the horizon in order to form a sealing relation. Fig.2 shows a sectional view of a liquid supply system using a pump 36 and plumbing which embodies the invention with an weighted oval shuttle 16 float functioning as an anti-reverse flow valve. In this embodiment the weighted oval shuttle 16 would be manufactured with grooves in the outer surface which would guide the passage of water past the weighted oval shuttle 16 float and through the lower spout outlet 20 should the pumped pressure of the liquid force it against the lower spout outlet 20. The grooves must be sufficiently large so as to allow the specified volume of the liquid to pass through the lower spout outlet 20. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of our invention in a liquid disposal system and embodies the invention as a trap with a pear-shaped aspiratory shuttle 22. The aspiratory shuttle 22 is made of plastic and has a smooth outer surface on the larger top end suitable to form a sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet 18 to prevent liquid back-flow. The smaller bottom of the shuttle has an aspirator hole 24 at dead-center bottom and is weighted so as to remain perpendicular when floating in liquid. The aspirator hole goes through the solid weighted shuttle bottom 26 and enters the upper hollow shuttle top 28. There are also two breather notches 34 in the weighted shuttle bottom 26. A plastic core 30 runs through the center of the pear-shaped aspiratory shuttle 24 interior to add structural support, having air holes 32 in the hollow portion to facilitate pressure equalization. The upper hollow shuttle 28 interior, acting as an aspirator in partial vacuum conditions, has collapsable sides, which create a partial vacuum themselves as they return to the normal pear-shape of the the aspiratory shuttle 22, following rapid draining conditions, reinflating the upper hollow shuttle top 28. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the above three variations used in a closed tank liquid distribution system. The double funnel float valves can be installed using standard plumbing connections and materials, with the requirement that they be perpendicular to the horizon so that the force of gravity and/or the level of the liquid can secure the float in a sealing situation at both the upper and lower funnel positions. Preferred Embodiment - Operation In Fig.1 waste liquid drains from an outlet in a sanitary convenience, such as a wash basin, via a pipe drain,into the upper inverted funnel spout inlet 18 of our double funnel 10 valve. Gravity causes the liquid to flow into the upper funnel spout inlet 18, lifting the floating ball 14, which is lighter than the liquid, from its' normal seat, which seals the lower funnel spout outlet 20 due to gravity, being heavier than air, thereby allowing the liquid to contine flowing down the drain piping. As the liquid flows down the drain, the floating ball 14 decends with the surface level of the liquid and is guided by the spherical funnel to seat in a sealing relation with the funnel spout outlet 20, where it is held in place by its' weight and gravity. The shape and specific weight of the floating ball 14 is desirably chosen so as to always be held in a sealing relation to the spout outlet 20 of the lower funnel, thereby functioning as a trap to prevent objectionable gas from entering the drain above. In the event of a backflow of liquid, the floating ball 14 is lifted by the surface level of the liquid and guided by the upper funnel shape until it seats and seals the upper funnel spout inlet 18, thereby functioning as a valve, preventing back-flow of liquid into the drain above and allowing liquid flow only in the down drain direction. Fig.2 shows our double funnel float valve in a liquid supply system,wherein liquid is pumped from a lower supply source to an elevated tank or storage container. In this alternate configuration, the normal position of the float; in this drawing shown as an optional weighted oval shuttle 16 shape, is a sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet 18, wherein the weighted oval shuttle 16 float, being lighter than the liquid, is held in place by the gravitational force of the elevated liquid. When the pump 36 is in operation, the higher pressure of the pumped liquid forces the weighted oval shuttle 16 float down from the sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet 18 and pumps the liquid one-way to the elevated storage tank. As a safety feature, the lower half of the weighted oval shuttle 16 float will have a grooved surface which will be capable of conducting the liquid through the lower funnel spout outlet 20 in the event that the pumped liquid pressure is such that it forces the weighted oval shuttle 16 float against the lower funnel spout outlet 20. When power for the pump 36 is turned off, the weighted oval shuttle 16 float, being lighter than the liquid, floats to a sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet 18, guided by the funnel shape, and held in place by gravitional pressure of the liquid, thereby protecting the pump 36 by functioning as an anti-reverse flow valve. In Fig.3 we show an alternate use of the double funnel 10 float valve in a liquid disposal system as a safety device in the event of sudden increases in air, gas, or liquid pressures within the system and, conversley, sudden or abnormal drainage, which might occur, for example, under flood conditions. Here the streamline shape of the weighted pear-shaped aspiratory shuttle 22 will allow the escape of sudden bursts of air or gas pressure by lifting the weighted aspiratory shuttle 22 from its' sealing relation with the lower funnel spout outlet 20, allowing the escape of the air or gas via the drain above, while still preventing the backflow of waste water. When flood water or excess liquid drainage enters from above, the addition pressure will force the weighted aspiratory shuttle 22 away from its' sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet 18 and the liquid will flow down the drain until the surface level of the liquid lowers the weighted aspiratory shuttle 22 to the lower funnel spout outlet 20. Fig.3 also shows a sectional view of the pear-shaped aspiratory shuttle 22 which has an upper hollow shuttle top 28 with an aspirator hole 24 at dead-center bottom and two breather notches 34 in the solid weighted shuttle bottom 26 to allow the system to breathe. Fig.4 shows a sectional view of a closed tank liquid distribution system using all three of the float variations described above. The round floating ball 14 is used as an overflow valve with the floating ball 14 resting at the spout outlet 20 in it's normal position, preventing contamination from entering the tanks and aiding in holding pressure within the closed system. The weighted oval shuttle 16 is shown within the plumbing system as a flow regulator and means of preventing backflow into the tanks. The floating weighted oval shuttle 16 is seated at the spout inlet 18 during normal operation and is forced open by water pressure from the tanks when pressure drops from the spout outlet 20, but seals the spout inlet 18 should backflow pressure occur. The aspiratory shuttle 22 is installed in the drain or sewage system, seated in a relation to the spout outlet when liquids are not draining and preventing gas and contaminants from entering the system. In times of flooding, the aspiratory shuttle 22 seals the spout inlet 18, preventing backflow and also serves as an aspirator should sudden drainage occur.

Claims: A valve device for use in liquid supply and liquid disposal systems, comprising: a housing having inverse funnel spouts (12) as inlet (18) and outlet (20); and a float (14; 16) encased in the housing, the specifications of the float (14; 16) being such that: a. the float is an oval shuttle (16), the specific weight of the lower portion of the float (14; 16) being greater than that of the upper portion in order to maximize perpendicularity of the float (14; 16) while it floats within the housing; b. the diameter of the float (14; 16) is greater than that of both the funnel spout inlet (18) and the funnel spout outlet (20) thereby keeping it enclosed in the housing; c. the specific weight of the float (14; 16) is such that it is capable of floating in a liquid flowing through the system, thereby floating away from the funnel spout outlet (20) as liquid flows through the system, but rising with the surface level of the liquid to form a sealing relation with the funnel spout inlet (18) preventing reverse flow; d. the curvature and the smoothness of the surface of the float (14; 16) are such that it can form a sealing relation with the curvature and smoothness of the inner surfaces of the upper funnel spout inlet (18), floating to a sealing relation with the upper funnel inlet (18) in the event that liquid backs up or there is a reverse flow, the float (14; 16) then sealing the upper funnel inlet(18), guided by the funnel shape and held in place by the surface level and pressure of the liquid; e. the hardness of the float (14; 16) material is such that it is softer than the inner surface of the double funnel housing thereby improving the sealing relation with the funnel spout surface at the point of sealing, but hard enough that its curvature does not change significantly and hard enough that it cannot be forced into nor through the upper funnel spout inlet (18) nor the lower funnel spout outlet (20); characterized in that the surface of the float (14; 16) is grooved such that it will allow the passage of pumped liquid through the lower funnel spout outlet (20) even if the pressure of the pumped liquid forces the float (14; 16) against the surface of the lower funnel spout outlet (20). A valve device for use in liquid supply and liquid disposal systems comprising: a housing having inverse funnel spouts (12) as inlet (18) and outlet (20); and a float (22) encased in the housing, the normal position of the float (22) being a sealing relation with the lower funnel spout outlet (20) , and the valve device functioning as a trap wherein the absence of liquid is the normal state, but requiring back-flow protection and/or rapid draining under abnormal conditions, the specifications of the float (22) being such that: a. the float (22) is a pear shaped aspirator; b. the diameter of the hollow upper portion (28) of the float (22) is larger than both the upper funnel spout inlet (18) and the lower funnel spout outlet (20), preventing passage of the float (22) through either end of the valve and being able to form a sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet (18) as a floating body guided by the funnel shape employed; c. the diameter of the float bottom (26) is tapered such that the solid weighted bottom (26), with an aspirator hole (24) at dead-center bottom, enters into the lower funnel spout outlet (20); d. an inner core (30) with a diameter greater than the spout inlet (18) and outlet (20) is inserted into the float (22) for structural strength and to prevent passage of the float (22) through the inlet (18) and outlet (20) of the housing; e. the specific weight of the float (22) is such that the surface level of a liquid will cause the float (22) to rise with the liquid to form a sealing relation with the upper funnel spout inlet (18) and fall sufficiently with the draining liquid surface level for the float bottom (26) to enter the lower funnel spout outlet (20) ; f. the curvature and smoothness of the float (22) are such that a sealing relation will be formed with the upper funnel spout inlet (18); g. the hardness of the float bottom (26) is equal to or slightly less than the double funnel housing, but the upper hollow float portion (28) is made of a flexible plastic which can collapse and re-inflate as demanded for aspiration during draining of the liquid in the system; whereby the surface of the float (22) is grooved such that it will allow the passage of pumped liquid through the lower funnel spout outlet (20) even if the pressure of the pumped liquid forces the float (22) against the surface of the lower funnel spout outlet (20).

Inventors: KOMIYA KEINOSUKE, KOMIYA KEN, KOMIYA, KEINOSUKE, KOMIYA, KEN
Applicants: HOME ABROAD LINK INC, HOME ABROAD LINK, INC.
Application year: 2000
Main classification: F16K31
IPC codes: F16T1, E03C1, F16K31