DISPENSING HEAD COMPRISING NOZZLE INSERT WITH O-RING SEAL ON A NOZZLE EXTENSION

Abstract: A dispensing head for air assisted and airless application of a material to a surface includes a cylindrical barrel (18) having a supply passage therein for the material to flow from a source to a nozzle (44). The barrel includes at one end a nozzle seat (42) that slideably receives a nozzle body (44). The nozzle body (44) has a bore (78) that opens at one end to the barrel passageway, and at another end has a nozzle tip with an orifice (80) through which material is dispensed. The nozzle body (44) has a groove (72) formed therein that receives a seal (74). When the nozzle body (44) is inserted into the nozzle seat (42), the seal (74) is compressed between the nozzle groove wall and a wall of the nozzle seat to hold the nozzle (44) within the nozzle seat (42) during further assembly of the dispensing head. The seal (74) is preferably captured and isolated from a set of air jets (82) that are formed in the nozzle body, thereby preventing the seal (74) for blocking the air jets (82).

Description: DISPENSING HEAD COMPRISING NOZZLE INSERT WITH O-RING SEAL ON A NOZZLE EXTENSION Technical Field of the Invention The invention relates generally to spray apparatus for selective application of materials to objects, for example, the application of conformal coating to a printed circuit board. More specifically, the invention relates to an improved nozzle assembly for a dispensing head used in such spray apparatus. Background of the Invention Printed circuit boards with electrical components mounted thereon are typically coated by a moisture resistant, electrically insulating film. Such films are generally known as conformal coatings, such as silicone, polyurethane, acrylic or epoxy resins. Conformal coatings play an important role in protecting circuit board components from moisture, dust and other contaminants that can adversely affect component performance. Since some components and contacts on a circuit board must remain uncoated, selective coating techniques have been developed. Traditional methods such as standard spray apparatus, brushing and dipping are not suitable for accurate selective application of conformal coatings. Such known systems typically involve a substantial amount of masking and unmasking which is very labor intensive and can lead to extensive rework. Recently, a new robotically controlled conformal coating application system has been introduced by Nordson Corporation of Westlake, Ohio. This system is sold under the name of the SELECT COAT spraying system. This system and components thereof are described in the following United States Patents: 4,753,819; 4,880,663; 5,336,320; and 5,409,733; the entire disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. In general, a selective coating apparatus such as the SELECT COAA spraying system uses an electronic control system to control the operation of a robot- based dispensing unit. The control system controls operation of a robot mechanism for positioning a dispensing head relative to the circuit board and the specific locations thereon where the coating material is to be applied. The control system also controls operation of the dispensing unit to selectively open and close a control valve at the appropriate times to apply coating material to the circuit board. Such systems can be self-contained stand-alone workstations, or alternatively can be integrated into a conveyorized continuous process production line to accommodate high volume operations, including in-line curing ovens. The dispensmg head is an important part of the overall spraying apparatus because the dispensing head shapes the spray pattern of the coating mateπal that is directed to the circuit board Dispensing options include but are not limited to non-atomizing methods which are typically used with low viscosity coating mateπal (under 100 centipoise, for example) and air assisted atomizing methods for higher viscosity coating materials (for example, 100-3,500 centipoise) The Nordson SELECT COAT ® spraying system further mcludes the capability for SWIRL COAT™ spray application technology of conformal coatmg material to a circuit board The SWIRL COAT™ spraymg method and apparatus are descπbed m co-pendmg Umted States Patent applications serial nos 08/687,790 filed on July 19, 1996, now abandoned, and a continuafion-in-part thereof, seπal no 08/878,756 filed on June 19, 1997, which applications are both owned in common by the assignee of the present invention, the entire disclosures of which are fully incorporated herem by reference The referenced applications descπbe a dispensing head that incorporates a single nozzle design for a plurality of dispensing options The dispensing options clude, but need not be limited to, bead mode dispensmg, monofilament mode dispensmg and swirl mode dispensmg The apparatus is useful with low viscosity material, high viscosity mateπal and solid mateπals Bead mode is generally an airless spray technique, while monofilament and swirl modes utilize an air stream directed at the mateπal stream to impart rotation The present mvention is directed to improvements in the dispensmg head and nozzle configuration for not only the SWIRL COAT™ dispensmg head used with the SELECT COAT ® spraymg system, but for any spray dispensing head that utilizes a two-piece spray nozzle, to improve ease of assembly and maintenance Summary of the Invention To the accomplishment of the foregomg objectives, and m accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a dispensing head for air assisted and airless application of a material to a surface mcludes a cylindπcal baπel having a material or fluid supply passage therem for the mateπal to flow from a source to a nozzle The baπel mcludes at one end a nozzle seat that slideably receives a nozzle body The nozzle body has a bore that opens at one end to the supply passageway The bore opens at an opposite end to a nozzle tip having an orifice through which mateπal is dispensed In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the nozzle body has a groove formed therein that retams a seal When the nozzle body is inserted into the nozzle seat, the seal is compressed between the nozzle and a wall of the nozzle seat to hold the nozzle within the seat duπng further assembly of the dispensing head In accordance with another aspect of the mvention, the dispensmg head mcludes a second cylindrical baπel that is mounted about the first baπel and mcludes a flange or shoulder that engages and secures the nozzle m the nozzle seat In accordance with another aspect of the mvention, the seal may be realized m the form of an annular seal, for example, an o-πng type seal, that is retamed m a groove formed in a stem of the nozzle body and that produces a frictional engagement with a wall of the nozzle seat to retain the nozzle in the seat duπng assembly This permits the nozzle to be retamed m the seat even against the force of gravity when the dispensing head is m a vertical position duπng assembly This frictional retention also helps mamtam proper alignment of the nozzle m the baπel while the nozzle is secured to the baπel Still further, the annular seal functions as a seal that blocks air from enteπng into the fluid supply passageway of the baπel The seal, by bemg positioned within the nozzle seat, isolates or separates the fluid mateπal from the nozzle air jets or oπfices used to impart air to the mateπal dispensed from the nozzle tip for air assisted spraymg modes In this manner, seal mateπal will not extrude or otherwise block the air jets These and other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled m the art from the following description of the prefeπed embodiments in view of the accompanymg drawings Brief Description of the Drawings The mvention may take physical form m certain parts and aπangements of parts, prefeπed embodiments and a method of which will be descπbed m detail m this specification and illustrated m the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and wherem Fig 1 is a dispensmg head m elevation, suitable for use with the present invention, Fig 2 is the dispensmg head of Fig 1 m longitudinal cross-section along the lme A-A m Fig 1, Fig 3 illustrates m an enlarged view and m cross-section the region within the dotted circle of Fig 2, Figs 4A and 4B illustrate m a simplified view m cross-section a nozzle assembly m accordance with the invention in an unassembled condition (Fig 3A) and after assembly (Fig 3B), and Fig 5 illustrates a cross-section view taken along the line 5-5 in Fig 2 Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments With reference to Fig 1, a dispensmg head 10 is illustrated such as can be used with the concepts of the present invention Although the mvention and prefeπed embodiments thereof are descπbed herem with reference to a specific type of dispensmg head 10 used for the application and spraymg of conformal coatmg onto a circuit board, such descπption is for explanation only and should not be construed m a limiting sense The present mvention finds application generally with any dispensing head that uses a separate nozzle body and nozzle seat The dispensmg head 10 can be, for example, part no 226315 available from Nordson Corporation of Amherst, Ohio Except for specifics of the nozzle assembly as descπbed hereinafter, the design and operation of the dispensmg head 10 is fully descπbed in the above incorporated U.S Patent 5,336,320 (hereafter the '"320 patent") and reference can be made thereto for such descπption The dispensmg head 10 of the present mvention is somewhat modified from the dispensmg head descπbed m the '320 patent and such differences will be described herem In general, the dispensmg head 10 of the present invention mcludes a supply for air m order to be able to effect an air assisted spray pattern, although the dispensmg head 10 of the present mvention can also operate m an arrless mode The dispensmg head 10 mcludes a main dispenser body 12 which at a first end 13 thereof has a valve plunger return and adjustment mechamsm 14 that is mounted on the mam body 12 by bolts 16 Design and operation of the mechamsm 14 is fully set forth m the '320 patent and need not be repeated herem A baπel assembly 18 mcludes a sleeve 20 that is mounted on the mam body 12 opposite the first end 13 by bolts 22 The baπel assembly 18 mcludes a nozzle and nozzle seat, as well as inner and outer baπels or tubes, as will be further explained m connection with Fig 2 With reference next to Fig 2, the dispensmg head 10 is shown m longitudinal cross-section When compaπng Fig 2 to the disclosure m the '320 patent it should be noted that m the present mvention the main body 12 is one piece, whereas m the '320 patent the mam body mcludes two modules Either embodiment is suitable for the dispensing head Additionally, a manifold for connecting the dispensmg head 10 to a source of the coating material and to a source of pressurized air for actuating the plunger mechanism 14 is omitted from the drawings herein for claπty The '320 patent fully describes the mamfold and its operation and reference may be made thereto for additional details Still further, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention does not mclude the re- circulation feature described in the '320 patent, however, such a feature may be used with the present 5 mvention if so required for a particular application For purposes of the present invention, it is sufficient to note that the coating mateπal is introduced mto the dispensmg head 10 via an inlet port 24, and actuating pressurized air is introduced mto the mechamsm 14 via an air port 26 The coatmg mateπal passes mto a cavity 25 and then down mto a feed bore as will be descπbed hereinafter A supply hose A is connected at one end to the port 10 24 by any suitable fitting (not shown) as is well known in the art, and at the other end to a supply B of the mateπal bemg dispensed, m this exemplary embodiment liquid conformal coating mateπal, however, those of ordmary skill m the art will readily understand and appreciate that the present mvention is not limited to dispensmg conformal coatmg but may be used in connection with dispensmg any fluid suitable for use with the overall dispensing apparatus 15 The present mvention is more particularly directed to the baπel assembly 18 With continued reference to Fig 2, this assembly 18 mcludes the sleeve 20 having a flange 28 for mounting the sleeve 20 on the main body 12 via bolts 22 The sleeve 20 has a central bore 30 that receives a first end (32a) of a first or inner baπel or mateπal feed tube 32 The inner baπel 32 slides up mto the sleeve 20 and bottoms on a counterbore shoulder 34 thereof The inner baπel 32 extends to an opposite nozzle seat 0 end 32b With reference also to Fig 3, the nozzle end 32b of the inner baπel 32 has a nozzle seat recess 36 formed therein In this embodiment, the recess 36 is m the form of a counterbore, however, the baπel 32 can be provided with any configuration that is suitable for retaining a nozzle seat, or the seat could be integrally formed therewith, for example 5 In this exemplary embodiment, the dispensing head 10 mcludes a two piece nozzle assembly 40 The nozzle assembly 40 mcludes a nozzle seat 42 and a discharge nozzle 44 The nozzle seat 42 is received m the recess 36 and is inserted until the seat 42 engages a shoulder 46 where it is brazed or otherwise secured m place The nozzle seat 42 is preferably made of a suitable hard mateπal, such as, for example, carbide However, other mateπals for the seat 42 may be used as required dependmg on the type of material being dispensed and the type of valve used to control flow of the mateπal Other suitable materials mclude but are not limited to tool steel, ceramics and so on to name a few examples With additional reference to Fig 4A, the nozzle seat 42 is generally a cylindrical structure with an inwardly extending seat wall 48 having a central flow port 50 formed therethrough The port 50 is opened and closed by a valve member 52, which can be realized in the form of a ball tip caπied at an end of a valve plunger 54 Other valve designs may be used as required for a particular application, for example, a needle valve configuration may be used to name just one example The plunger 54 is disposed withm a central feed bore 56 of the inner baπel 32 The plunger 54 is appropπately dimensioned so that there is sufficient space for coatmg material to flow from the cavity 25, down the baπel 32 to the nozzle assembly 40 The coating material thus flows down the inner baπel 32 through the bore 56 along the outside of the plunger 54 When the plunger 54 is retracted (not shown), the ball tip unseats from the seat wall 48 to open the port 50, thus permitting mateπal to flow through the port 50 to the discharge nozzle 44. The plunger 54 is operatively connected to the plunger retracting assembly 14 in a manner as descπbed m the '320 patent The assembly 14 mcludes a mechamsm for biasing the plunger to a closed position such as is illustrated in Fig 2 hereof In this embodiment, a spring assembly 15 is used to bias the valve 52 closed To open the valve 40, pressurized air is supplied to the port 26 and acts on an air piston assembly 58 to retract the plunger 54 which is operatively coupled to the piston, the details of which are fully described m the '320 patent With continued reference to Figs 2 and 4A, the nozzle seat 42 mcludes a cylindrical extension 60 with a counterbore recess 62 formed therem This recess 62 closely receives a central annular nozzle body stem 70 of the discharge nozzle 44 The stem 70 has a seal groove 72 formed therein A seal 74 is disposed on the stem 70 in the groove 72 The seal 74 preferably is retained within the groove 72 sufficiently so as not to be dislodged when the nozzle stem 70 is mserted mto the nozzle seat recess 62 In this embodiment, the seal 74 is realized m the form of an o-πng made of any suitable material that is compatible with the material bemg dispensed, in this case a conformal coatmg mateπal For example, the seal 74 can be made of KALREZ ® available from DuPont Dow Elastomers, for example Other seal configurations besides an o-rmg can be used as appropriate, for example, a quad- ring may be used The discharge nozzle 44 further mcludes a tapered central tip 76 through which mateπal is dispensed toward a target such as a printed circuit board (not shown) A central dispensmg bore 78 extends through the nozzle 44 from the stem 70 to the tip 76 Material flowing from the port 50 when the valve 52 opens is thus discharged through an outlet spray orifice 80 The nozzle 44 also mcludes air jets 82 formed m an annular flange 84 The air jets 82 may be realized m the form of individual bores formed through the flange 84 as illustrated Preferably, the jets 82 are precisely angled so as to direct air towards the mateπal exiting the oπfice 80 to impart a swrrlmg motion to the mateπal flow pattern This swirling motion is m the nature of a tornadic swirling motion to effect a thorough yet highly selective and controlled application of the conformal coating mateπal on the target The jets 82 are radially disposed outward of the seat extension 60 so as to be open to a cavity that suπounds the outside of the nozzle seat 42 as will be further descπbed hereinafter Fig 4B illustrates the nozzle 44 fully inserted and seated m the nozzle seat 42 Note that the seal 74 is appropπately dimensioned so that it engages the counterbore 62 wall when the stem is seated therem The seal 74 preferably is compressed between the counterbore 62 wall and the stem groove 72 wall as illustrated The seal 74 thus seals agamst mateπal escaping from the nozzle assembly 40 around the stem 70, and also prevents air from passmg up mto the feed bore 56 In other words, the seal 74 separates the fluid mateπal section or bore 56 from the air section or passage 92 In accordance with a further aspect of the mvention, the seal 74 is substantially captured, encapsulated and isolated within the groove 72 after the stem 70 is fully seated m the recess 62 This helps reduce the possibility of the seal 74 extruding towards and obstructing the air jets 82 Preferably, but not necessaπly, the flange 82 bottoms agamst the lower wall 60a of the seat extension 60 before the stem 70 upper wall 70a bottoms against the lower wall surface 48a of the seat wall 48 The nozzle 44 can be mserted mto the seat 42 by pushing the nozzle 44 up mto the recess 62 with a slight twisting motion The seat extension 60 may be chamfered as at 60b to help guide the nozzle stem 70 mto the recess 62 and to reduce the occuπence of damaging the seal 74 duπng assembly With reference again to Figs 2 and 3, an outer baπel or tube 86 is generally concentπcally disposed about the inner baπel 32 and the nozzle assembly 40 The outer baπel 86 mcludes an internally threaded tubular end 88 that is screwed onto an externally threaded end 20a of the sleeve 20 An o-πng 90 or other suitable sealing technique is used to seal this jomt against loss of pressurized air The outer baπel 86 is appropriately sized so as to provide an air passage 92 between the inner wall 86a of the baπel 86 and the outer wall 94 of the inner baπel 32 Spacers 96 may be used m this air passage 92 to maintain concentric alignment of the two baπels 32, 86 along the axial extent thereof The spacers 96 can also be used to impart a turbulent or swrrlmg motion to the an flow The air passage 92 is an annulus that is m fluid communication with an an- inlet port 98 that is coupled to an air mlet fitting 100 (Fig. 1) The fitting 100 connects with a standard air hose (102) that feeds air from a pressurized air supply 104. The annulus 92 feeds air mto three air passage lobes 93 (see 93a, 93b and 93c Fig. 5) which lobes extend down the outside of the inner baπel 32 to provide air to the air passage 92. In this manner, the inner baπel 32 can be press fit mto the sleeve 20 while at the same time allowing air to be fed mto the space between the inner and outer baπels 32, 20 The air passage 92 opens to a preferably but not necessarily enlarged air cavity 108. The air jets 82 also open to this cavity 108 The valve seat 42 may be tapered as at 110 (Fig. 4A) to provide this enlarged air cavity. The jets 82 are preferably angled downward and radially to produce a rotating air pattern around the discharge oπfice 80. As the fluid that is dispensed from the nozzle 40 enters the tornadic rotatmg air pattern, the fluid swirls and rotates to produce a desired spray pattern mcluding a swirling atomized fluid spray pattern or a swirling monofilament fluid pattern As illustrated m Figs 2 and 3, the nozzle end of the outer baπel 86 has an mwardly extendmg shoulder or flange 106 This flange 106 engages the flange 84 of the nozzle 42 and securely holds the nozzle 42 m place after the outer baπel 86 is fully threaded and tightened down onto the sleeve 20. The radial extent of the outer baπel flange 106 is limited m order to prevent obstruction of the air jets 82 and to prevent interference with the swrrlmg air flow. It should be noted that the dispensing head 10 can be operated without air flow, m which case a bead mode of dispensmg is used by producing a non-atomized stream of the coating mateπal from the nozzle 42 Dependmg on the air pressure and mateπal flow rates, a monofilament spray mode can be effected by usmg the air to impart a comcal, loopmg pattern to the mateπal stream. Control of the material flow and air flow thus can be used to effect the monofilament pattern or a swirl mode pattern having the atomized tornadic spray pattern discussed herein before These various aspects of the different modes of spray pattern are fully set forth m the above-incorporated co-pending United States patent applications In accordance with another aspect of the mvention, the snug engagement of the seal 74 with the seat wall 62 and the groove 72 wall serves to fπctionally hold the nozzle 44 m proper alignment and keep the nozzle 44 and seat 42 together dunng further assembly of the dispensmg head 10, even when the dispensing head 10 is held vertically The nozzle 44 will not fall out of the nozzle seat 42 Thus the outer baπel 86 can be mstalled after the nozzle 42 and seat 44 are assembled, without the assembler havmg to hold all the parts or assemble the parts horizontally and further without losing alignment as the baπel 86 is mstalled and tightened down The invention has been descπbed with reference to the prefeπed embodiment Obviously, modifications and alterations will occur to others upon a reading and understanding of this specification It is mtended to mclude all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof

Claims: CLAIMS Having thus descπbed the invention, it is claimed 1 A dispensmg head for air assisted and airless application of a mateπal to a surface, comprismg a baπel havmg a material supply passageway therethrough to receive the material, said baπel havmg a nozzle seat at an end thereof, and a nozzle havmg an orifice through which mateπal from said supply passageway is dispensed, said nozzle having an extension closely received m a recess of said nozzle seat, and a seal disposed on said extension and engaging a wall of said recess to retam said nozzle body m said nozzle seat duπng assembly of the dispensing head 2 The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said seal compπses an o-πng 3 The apparatus of claim 1 wherem said nozzle compπses an annular flange suπounding said oπfice, with an ports formed m said flange to direct air at mateπal flowing out said oπfice 4 The apparatus of claim 3 compπsmg a source of pressurized air, pressurized air bemg supplied to said air ports to impart a swirling motion to a mateπal stream flowmg from said oπfice 5 The apparatus of claim 4 wherem said mateπal compπses a conformal coating that is applied to a surface 6 The apparatus of claim 1 compπsmg a second baπel disposed about said first baπel with a radial separation between said baπels to provide an air passageway 7 The apparatus of claim 6 wherem said second baπel holds said nozzle in said nozzle seat 8 The apparatus of claim 6 wherem said nozzle compπses air ports disposed about a nozzle tip and m fluid communication with said air passageway 9 The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said nozzle mcludes an annular flange with said air ports formed therem, said second baπel comprismg an inwardly extendmg shoulder that engages said flange to securely hold said nozzle in said nozzle seat after assembly 10 The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said second baπel is threaded onto a sleeve of the dispensing head 11 The apparatus of claim 1 wherem said seal is isolated from said air ports 12 The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said extension comprises a groove m which said seal is enclosed after assembly 13 The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said nozzle seat is inserted mto an end of said baπel 14 A nozzle assembly for air assisted and airless application of a fluid to a surface, comprismg a nozzle seat having a recess to retam a nozzle, a nozzle comprismg a nozzle fluid passageway with an oπfice through which fluid is dispensed, said nozzle having a stem that is received m said nozzle seat recess, and a seal disposed on said stem and that engages a wall of said recess to retam said nozzle in said nozzle seat duπng subsequent assembly 15 The apparatus of claim 14 wherem said nozzle comprises air ports about said oπfice 16 The apparatus of claim 14 wherem said seal is disposed m a stem groove and is isolated from said air ports by bemg enclosed within said groove by said wall 17 The apparatus of claim 14 compπsmg means for securely holdmg said nozzle body m said nozzle seat recess 18 A dispensing head for air assisted and airless application of a fluid to a surface, comprismg a first baπel havmg a supply passageway formed therethrough to receive a fluid, said first baπel having a nozzle seat at an end thereof, a nozzle body comprising a nozzle fluid passageway with an orifice through which fluid from said supply is dispensed, said nozzle body having air ports suπoundmg said orifice to direct air at fluid dispensed from said orifice, a second baπel concentrically mounted with said first baπel to form an an passageway between said baπels, said nozzle body having an extension received m said nozzle seat recess; and a seal disposed on said extension and that retams said nozzle body in said nozzle seat during assembly; said seal bemg isolated from said air ports to prevent said seal from extruding and blocking said ports 19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherem the dispensing head applies a conformed coating to a printed circuit board. 20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherem said nozzle seat is received m a recess formed at a nozzle end of said first baπel.

Inventors: REIGHARD MICHAEL A, SELESTAK DAVID M, REIGHARD, MICHAEL, A., SELESTAK, DAVID, M.
Applicants: NORDSON CORP, REIGHARD MICHAEL A, SELESTAK DAVID M, NORDSON CORPORATION, REIGHARD, MICHAEL, A., SELESTAK, DAVID, M.
Application year: 2000
Main classification: B05B7
IPC codes: B05B7, B05B15