Compact fluid pump

Abstract: A pump for dispensing fluid from a dispenser (10) includes a base (20) in fluid communication with a source of fluid carried by the dispenser (10) and with the atmosphere. The pump includes a base (20) attachable to the source of fluid, a flexible transparent dome (60) attachable to the base in overlying relationship therewith and in fluid-tight relationship, and a retainer (100) attachable to the base in partial overlying relationship with the dome to retain the dome on the base. The pump also includes valves (50) for selectively opening and closing the pump to fluid communication with the source of fluid and the ambient atmosphere.

Description: This invention relates in general to pumps for dispensing fluids from a source or reservoir and relates in particular to a pump for dispensing soap, lotion or similar skin care products onto the hand of the user from a wall-mounted dispenser carrying the reservoir. Wall-mounted dispensers for soap, lotion and hand care products in general are well known in the art. These generally consist of a wall-mounted cabinet or dispenser per se with a chamber for receipt of refills or cartridges containing the soap or other product. For purposes of simplicity throughout, "soap" will be used to describe the product being dispensed with it being understood that other skin care products can be and are dispensed in this fashion and, also, that the present invention is not limited to apparatus for dispensing skin care products per se inasmuch as other flowable products may also be dispensed with the present pump. The dispensers of the prior art, as noted, generally include the dispenser which includes a base mountable on a wall or counter top and a cover, usually hinged to the base to provide access to the interior. The base includes various types of receptacles or shelves designed to support and position a cartridge, bag or box which itself contains the soap and which is replaceable so that the dispenser can be refilled when the supply is exhausted. These cartridges or refills take various shapes and forms in the prior art. Perhaps the most common currently used are the so-called "bag-in-box" arrangements which include a collapsible bag, which actually contains the soap, and a box for storage and transportation of the bag. The box has a tearaway portion on one face and is simply placed inside the dispenser when needed, following which the tearaway portion is removed and the soap is dispensed from the bag through an elongate tube or pump which extends downwardly from the bag and terminates in a nozzle which, when properly positioned, projects from the bottom of the dispenser. In this way, soap may be dispensed onto the hand of the user, generally by utilization of a hand-operated lever which compresses the tube pump. The most common forms of the prior art involve a lever which is engaged by either the heel of the hand to depress and activate the pump or tube to dispense the fluid onto the palm and fingers of the hand, or by the fingers of the hand to pull the lever toward the user to similarly depress and activate the pump and dispense the soap. All of these arrangements involve some sort of nozzle and pump arrangement which generally include various types of valving to control flow of the soap by opening the tube to the reservoir or cartridge to fill it and then closing off the reservoir or cartridge and opening a valve to the nozzle to permit the soap to actually be dispensed. It is desirable in most instances to dispense a measured charge of the soap with each actuation of the handle and, therefore, the tube/pump is generally elongate so as to accommodate a "charge" of the product. Examples of this prior art can be readily seen in many U.S. patents, such as, for example, Bartasevich U.S. Patent 5,265,772; Bell U.S. Patent 5,443,236; Bell U.S. Patent 5,465,877; and Kanfer U.S. Patent 4,621,749. The prior art contains many other variations on this general theme. In general, the prior art of this general nature has in common the fact that the elongate tube extends from the bag or other reservoir and terminates in a nozzle which projects from the bottom of the dispenser. The soap is dispensed by engaging a pressure member, as above described, which presses against the tube with the tube serving as the actual pump to expel a measured charge of the material through the nozzle. As can be seen in the prior art just referred to and other prior art well known to those versed in this art, the dispensers themselves are of a relatively standard overall size because they must fit in a fairly confined space in a washroom or restroom. This size, of course, has a bearing on the size of the refill or cartridge, and thus on the amount of soap, which can be stored within the dispenser. A review of the references referred to above and the other prior art well known in this field will show that the elongate tube occupies a fairly significant portion of the overall interior height dimension of the dispenser. To some extent, at least from the standpoint of how much soap can be stored at a given time, this space is wasted because the major portion of the soap is stored in the bag. Furthermore, the various valving arrangements and the tube and its associated fitments are relatively expensive to manufacture and are also somewhat labour-intensive to assemble. Additionally, the bags are generally transparent and many of the prior art dispensers are provided with a sight window in the cover, thus enabling one to view the bag and, theoretically, to ascertain when the bag is empty. However, in practice, the sight window must be located fairly high up on the cover, and thus, one can only ascertain when the supply is low and not when the bag is empty. That requires opening the cover to view the bag which, unless the bag is truly empty, is a wasted operation. Accordingly then, it is believed that an improvement can be made by reducing the size of the actual "pump" structure to replace the tubes of the prior art, thereby enabling a dispenser of a standard size to provide more interior space so that a greater quantity of soap can be stored, thereby reducing the number of refill replacement operations required over the life of the dispenser. DE-A-3430646 discloses a dispenser including a base supporting a flexible diaphragm defining a chamber, an inlet valve through which fluid can pass into the chamber from a fluid source, and an outlet valve through which fluid can be dispensed from the chamber. By collapsing the flexible diaphragm, fluid within the chamber is dispensed through the outlet valve. When the flexible diaphragm is released and returns to its normal position, fluid is drawn through the inlet valve into the chamber. US-A-4330071 discloses a dispenser including a pressure bulb that is alternately compressed and relaxed to draw fluid into the bulb and dispense fluid from the bulb. According to the present invention, a pump for use with a source of fluid, including a base, a connector projecting from the base for attachment to the source of fluid, the base having through outlet means in fluid communication with the ambient atmosphere, the connector being hollow for fluid communication between the source of fluid and the base, the connector and the through outlet means having their axes disposed in planes substantially normal to each other, and a flexible pressure member attached to the base in overtyping, fluid-tight relationship therewith and forming a chamber with the base whereby, upon collapse of the pressure member, fluid within the chamber is expelled therefrom through the through outlet and, upon expansion of the pressure member, fluid is drawn into the chamber, characterised in that the flexible pressure member is transparent. By providing first and second valve means, the connector in fluid communication with the bag can be closed off upon depression of the pressure member and the connector leading to the hand of the user through the nozzle can be opened. Release of pressure on the flexible pressure member will close off the second valve means and open the first connector which is in fluid communication with the bag or reservoir to draw a new charge of material into the chamber formed by the base and the flexible pressure member. A valve means can be employed by providing a cage consisting of one or more ribs on the base with a ball received loosely within the cage thus formed so that, upon depression of the pressure member, the inlet will be closed off by the pressure thus created against the ball and, upon release, the ball may unseat within the confines of the cage to free up the first connector opening to permit refilling of the chamber. The cage or ribs keep the ball in a relatively confined space so that it will readily reseat when needed. Fluid-tight sealing can be achieved by providing mating rib and groove means on a peripheral shoulder of the pressure member and the base so that the pressure member may snap or press fit snugly on the base and by providing a retaining ring having rib and groove means for engagement with the base and the shoulder of the pressure member whereby a secure fluid-tight seal can be achieved when the pump is assembled. It has further been found that the nozzle can be securely attached to the second connector by providing ribs on the projecting end of the second connector which leads to the hand of the user, and mating grooves on the interior of the nozzle so that the nozzle may also be snap fit on the second connector in solid, fluid-tight condition. In the accompanying drawings: FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a dispenser for use with the pump of the present invention; FIGURE 2 is an elevational view thereof; FIGURE 3 is a side elevation, partially broken away, showing the interaction between the handle or lever of the dispenser and the pump; FIGURE 4 is a top plan view of the assembled pump; FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIGURE 4; FIGURE 6 is a view similar to FIGURE 5 showing the pump in the collapsed or dispensing condition; FIGURE 7 is a sectional view taken along the line 7-7 of FIGURE 6; and FIGURE 8 is an exploded view of the improved pump. FIGURES 1 through 3 of the drawings show a dispenser of the general type in which the improved pump of the present invention would be used. It should be noted that the dispenser, which is generally indicated by the numeral 10, is intended to be exemplary only and the present pump could operate with equal efficiency in other designs of dispensers. Turning then to FIGURES 1 through 3 of the drawings, it will be noted that the dispenser 10 generally includes a base 20, which is intended to be mounted on a wall or other vertical surface, and a cover 30 which is pivotally secured to the base so that it can be opened for replacement of the refill or cartridge which is illustrated as a collapsible bag 40 containing the soap and which is received within the illustrated dispenser 10 on ledge or shelf 21 and retained by bag holders . Alternatively, the bag 40 could be carried by the conventional box. Pivotally affixed to the cover 30 is a handle or push member 31 which is intended to be engaged by the hand of the user to activate the pump and dispense the soap. With reference to FIGURE 3 of the drawings, it will be seen that this handle is pivotally mounted to the cover, as at 32, so that it may be moved inwardly toward the base 20 in order to collapse or activate the pump, as will be described below. Interiorly of the dispenser 10 and mounted on the base 20 is a shelf or ledge 21 with upwardly extending sidewalls 22, and it is believed apparent that the bag or other type of reservoir containing the soap, generally indicated by the numeral 40, may be removably supported thereon. The valve means, generally indicated by the numeral 50, are affixed to this bag and activated by the lever 31, as will be described below. Turning then to FIGURES 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the drawings for a more detailed description of the valve means 50, it will be seen that the valve means 50 includes a base 51. The base 51 generally includes a bottom wall 51a and an upstanding peripheral wall 51b. It will be noted here that, as can be seen in FIGURE 4, the base is generally circular in configuration as illustrated, but it will be understood that the particular configuration of the base need not necessarily to be limited to that precise shape. Base 51 also has a recess 51c spaced inwardly from the wall or flange 51b and extending around the circumference of the base 51 for receipt of the flexible dome 60, as will be described below. A first connector 52 projects from the bottom wall 51a of the base 51 and has a through bore 52a. In this fashion, as can be seen in FIGURE 3 of the drawings, the first connector 52 can be secured to the bag or reservoir 40 in fluid communication therewith. Preferably, the first connector is molded as an integral part of the base, thereby eliminating the multiplicity of parts and the assembly operations required in the prior art in which a separate connector must be affixed to one end of the conventional tube. Projecting upwardly from the bottom wall 51a of the base also are one or more ribs 51d which are generally L-shaped in cross-section so that their short legs overlie the base, as can be seen in FIGURES 5, 6 and 7 of the drawings, thus forming a cage for the ball 70. The ball 70 is received in the space between the overlying legs of the ribs 51d and the inboard end of the through passageway 52a of the first connector 52. The ball is sized so that, when seated, as shown in FIGURE 6 of the drawings, it will close off the through bore 52a, thereby prohibiting soap from entering the pump from the bag or cartridge. Conversely, when unseated, soap may be drawn into the chamber formed by base 51 and flexible dome 60. A second connector 53 also projects from the bottom wall 51a of base 51 and also has a through bore 53a. It will be noted that the bore 53a opens into the interior of the chamber formed by the flexible dome 60 and the base 51 in a position 180° from the position of the bore 52a. Thus, the axis of the through passage 53a is then disposed normally to the axis of the bore 52a. Here again, the second connector is preferably molded as an integral part of the base, thereby eliminating the need for an additional piece and its assembly to the end of the usual tube as is the case with the prior art. Received within the second connector 53 is a second valve, and this type of valve, as illustrated, is a ball and spring arrangement in which the ball 80 is supported on a spring 81 so that, for example, in FIGURE 5, the spring seats the ball to close off the bore 53a to prevent discharge from the interior of the pump. However, depression of the flexible dome 60, as shown in FIGURE 6 of the drawings, creates pressure which unseats the ball against the force of the spring and permits the soap to be dispensed. The flexible dome 60 is intended to be a generally hemispherical, flexible material and transparent so that one can view whether there is soap within the pump from the exterior of the dispenser. This flexible dome 60 seats on the base 51 to form an interior chamber 90 therewith and is constructed so as to provide a fluid-tight seal therewith. To that end, the flexible dome 60 includes a shoulder 61 which extends around its circumference and which is sized so as to seat within the recess 51c of the base, as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6. This shoulder fits into recess 51c. A retaining ring 100 is also provided. This ring has an annular lip 101 extending about its periphery and a central opening 103. Flexible dome 60 has an annular recess 62 in the top surface of shoulder 61. The retaining ring 100 fits over the shoulder 61 of the flexible dome and has an annular projecting lip 101 which fits into the recess 62 formed in the top of the shoulder 61. In particular, the base 51 has an upstanding peripheral flange 51b and a recess 51c spaced inwardly from the flange 51b, the pressure member 60 has a peripheral shoulder 61 sized to fit partially within the recess 51c and a retaining ring 100 is provided with a recess for engagement with the shoulder 61 when the pressure member 60 is partially' received with the recess 51c of the base 51. The peripheral flange 51b of the base also has one or more radially inwardly extending tabs 54 which are L-shaped when viewed in cross-section with the depending portion of the ribs seating on the lip 101 of retaining ring 100. The retaining ring has a peripheral groove for engagement with the tabs. In this way, a secure, fluid-tight seal is achieved abut the chamber 90 once the flexible pressure member and retaining ring have been snapped into place. The second connector 53 projects beyond the wall 51 b of the base 51. It is intended to receive a nozzle, and it will be noted that two different versions of nozzles are illustrated in the drawings. FIGURES 3 through 6 illustrate one version, and another version is illustrated in FIGURE 8 of the drawings. In either event, the second connector has a projecting end which has a series of ribs 53b projecting from its periphery. The nozzle 200 is intended to be fitted over the projecting end of the second connector 53 and has appropriate recesses on its interior service so as to engage the ribs 53b,53b. This arrangement insures a fluid-tight seal between the nozzle and the connector so as to avoid dripping and both the loss of soap and an unsightly nozzle projecting from the dispenser. In use or operation of the improved device, and assuming that the bag or other reservoir has been inserted into the dispenser 10 and the pump has its connector 52 secured to the bag or reservoir, depressing and releasing the flexible dome 60 will cause the ball 70 to unseat and the chamber 90 to fill up with a predetermined amount of soap. The flexible dome includes a flattened area at its apex. Upon actuation of the handle or lever 31, which rests against the pressure member 60 as can be seen in FIGURE 3, the collapsible pressure member 60 will collapse toward base 51, as can be seen by comparing FIGURES 5 and 6. The pressure caused by this motion will seat the ball 70 and open the ball 80 against the force of spring 81, thereby permitting the soap to be dispensed. Additionally, it will be noted that, when pressure is released on the handle or lever 31 and thus on the pressure member 60, it will, by nature of its flexibility, return to the condition of FIGURE 5, creating a reduced pressure within chamber 90 and permitting the ball 80 to seat and the ball 70 to open, thereby permitting refill of the pump chamber 90. FIGURES 1 and 2 illustrate one of the significant advantages of the invention. In that regard, a clear window 300 is disposed in the operating lever 31. The purpose here is to have this window overlie the flexible dome 60. Inasmuch as these are both transparent, it is thus possible to view the contents of the chamber 90 and thus of the bag through these windows. This accomplishes two functions. First, it is common in this industry to dispense various products, and those various products have generally different pigments added to them so that soap may be of a pink color, while lotion may be creamy ivory-type or some other color. In this fashion, when viewing through the window 300 and thus through the clear dome 60, one can, at a glance, ascertain the nature of the contents. Second, this enables one to view the contents of the chamber 90 to ascertain whether or not the supply of soap or other material in the dispenser has been exhausted. If there is soap visible through the windows in the pumping apparatus itself, then the dispenser is operational for at least one more hand washing. If none is viewed, it may be safely assumed that the dispenser is totally empty and the bag needs to be replaced. It will also be noted that, because of the configuration of the pumping mechanism of the invention, it is possible to locate it adjacent the bottom edge of the bag. In this fashion, one no longer would need to guess whether or not the bag is nearly empty. Obviously, furthermore, this ability to position the pumping mechanism at the ultimate bottom and to replace the usual tube arrangement with this pumping assembly makes it possible to utilize a standard size container and supply a bag with a much greater capacity because the space usually allotted for the conventional tube is no longer required for that purpose. It has been found that the resulting increase in bag capacity can be in the order of fifty percent. Inasmuch as a major expense in this field is labor cost, this enables the maintenance personnel to more quickly and accurately ascertain the need for refills and it also makes it possible to economically provide more of a supply of the material with each refill, thereby reducing the total number of times that the dispenser needs attention by the maintenance personnel. This makes the refill operation much more efficient. While the pump of the present invention has been illustrated and described as being utilized in connection with a bag-in-box cartridge or simply with a collapsible bag alone, it is also believed to have utility with other types of containers, such as, for example, bottles. Furthermore, while the pump has been illustrated and described in connection with a dispenser holding a single source of supply of fluid, it could also be employed with dispensers holding more than one.

Claims: A pump for use with a source of fluid, including a base (51), a connector (52) projecting from the base (51) for attachment to the source of fluid, the base (51) having through outlet means in fluid communication with the ambient atmosphere, the connector (52) being hollow for fluid communication between the source of fluid and the base, the connector (52) and the through outlet means having their axes disposed in planes substantially normal to each other, and a flexible pressure member (60) attached to the base (51) in overlying, fluid-tight relationship therewith and forming a chamber (90) with the base (51) whereby, upon collapse of the pressure member (60), fluid within the chamber is expelled therefrom through the through outlet and, upon expansion of the pressure member (60), fluid is drawn into the chamber (90), characterised in that the flexible pressure member (60) is transparent. The pump of Claim 1, in which a handle (31) is pivotally mounted with respect to the base (51), the handle (31) including a lever for selectively engaging and collapsing the pressure member (60). The pump of Claim 1 or Claim 2, further comprising a source of fluid provided in a collapsible bag (40). The pump of any one of the preceding claims, wherein first valve means are carried by the base (51) for selectively closing off and opening the connector (52) to fluid communication. The pump of Claim 4, wherein the first valve means include a ball (70) movable into and out of engagement with the connector (52). The pump of Claim 5, wherein the base (51) has a bottom wall (51a) and at least one rib (51d) projecting upwardly from the bottom wall (51 a) and disposed adjacent the point of connection of the connector (52) with the base (51), and the ball (70) is loosely held between the at least one rib (51d) and the bottom wall (51 a). The pump of Claim 6, wherein the at least one rib (51d) is integral with the base (51). The pump of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible pressure member (60) is generally configured as a hemisphere. The pump of Claim 8, wherein the flexible pressure member (60) has a flattened area at its apex. The pump of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (51) has an upstanding peripheral flange (51b) and a recess (51c) spaced inwardly from the flange (51b), the pressure member (60) has a peripheral shoulder (61) sized to fit partially within the recess (51c) and a retaining ring (100) is provided with a recess for engagement with the shoulder (61) when the pressure member (60) is partially received with the recess (51c) of the base (51). The pump of Claim 10, wherein at least one radially inwardly extending engagement lug is provided on the upstanding peripheral flange (51b) of the base (51) for engagement with the retaining ring (100) when the pressure member (60) and the retaining ring (100) are seated in the base (51). The pump of Claim 11, wherein the retaining ring (100) has a peripheral groove for engagement with the at least one engagement lug. The pump of any one of the preceding claims, comprising a second connector (53) carried by the base (51) in fluid communication with the through outlet means, and valve means dispose within the second connector (53) for selectively opening and closing the second connector to fluid communication. The pump of Claim 13, wherein the valve means disposed within the second connector (53) include a spring (81) received within the second connector (53) and a ball engaged with the spring (81). The pump of Claim 13 or Claim 14, wherein the second connector (53) includes an elongate hollow body interconnecting the base (51) and the atmosphere, the projecting end of the elongate body including annular rib means (53b) on its external surface, and a nozzle (200) releasably received on the projecting end. The pump of Claim 15, wherein the rib means (53b) include a series of three annular ribs, and the nozzle (200) includes mating internal recesses for releasable engagement with the rib means (53b) on the projecting end of the second connector (53). The pump according to claim 2 or any claim dependent thereon, in which the handle (31) includes a transparent window aligned with the flexible pressure member (60).

Inventors: MADDOX JEFFREY T, MAST REXFORD R, YEAGER ROBERT H, MADDOX, JEFFREY T., MAST, REXFORD R., YEAGER, ROBERT H.
Applicants: KANFER JOSEPH S, KANFER, JOSEPH S.
Application year: 2000
Main classification: A47K5
IPC codes: A45D34, A47K5, F04B43