COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SOLUBILIZED ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVE

Abstract: Disclosed are antiperspirant compositions which comprise from about 0.1 % to about 50 % by weight of solubilized antiperspirant active (e.g., aluminum containing materials or aluminum-zirconium containing materials), and from about 0.1 % to about 99.9 % by weight of a liquid polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups, liquid polyol having adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at the alpha and beta positions of the liquid polyol but not more than 4 adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms in the liquid polyol, wherein the liquid polyol conforms to formula (I) wherein R is an amide, ester, alkyl, ether or silicone and contains at least 3 adjacent atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, non-hydroxy oxygen, nitrogen, silicone and combinations thereof, and wherein the liquid polyol has a C log P value of from about -4.0 to about 2.0. These antiperspirant compositions and corresponding methods of application provide improved antiperspirant efficacy, cosmetics, and mildness. These compositions can also be used as base or intermediate materials to formulate other antiperspirant product forms providing similar performance benefits.

Description: COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SOLUBILIZED ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVE FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to compositions comprising solubihzed antiperspirant active and selected polyol liquids defined by ClogP values and defined numbers and arrangements of attached hydroxyl groups These compositions provide improved mildness, cosmetics and antiperspirant efficacy as compared to many other polyol-contaming antiperspirant compositions, and can provide an improved means for formulating compositions containing solubihzed antiperspirant active BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Polyol-contaming carriers and solvents are well known for use m topical antiperspirant compositions These carriers are most typically used to solubihze the antiperspirant active or as coupling agents during the manufacturing process These polyol carriers are typically aliphatic polyhydπc alcohols which have from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, examples of which include ethylene glycol, diefhylene glycol, butylene glycol (1,3-butane-diol), 1 ,2-proplyene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, glycerine (1,2,3-trihydroxy propane), 2-mefhyl-2,4-pentane-dιol (hexylene glycol), 2-ethyl-l,3-hexane-dιol, 1,2,6-hexanetrιol, 1,2,4- butanetriol, and combinations thereof Polyol-containmg carriers are especially useful in formulating clear or translucent antiperspirant compositions These compositions are typically anhydrous systems containing solubihzed antiperspirant active, wherein the polyol carrier is used to help solubihze the active and in most cases provides the primary carrier material withm which the solubihzed active is irascible or dispersed within Many polyol-contaming carriers, however, can cause skin irritation when topically applied to the underarms or other sensitive areas of the skin This skm irritation is especially problematic when the applied composition is an anhydrous system containing higher concentrations of the polyol carrier These higher polyol concentrations are often necessary in anhydrous antiperspirant compositions to successfully couple product gellants, structurants, thickening agents or other similar materials with other product carriers or solvents This skin irritation, especially when caused by higher polyol concentrations, is especially problematic in a small percentage of the population that is unusually sensitive to topical polyol irritation Although this type of skm irritation can be minimized by adding lower irritation solvents such as mineral oil or volatile sihcones, these low irritation solvents are not miscible with higher concentrations of short carbon chain, highly polar, polyol solvents, e g , dipropylene glycol, glycerm One recent attempt at providing improved polyol-contaming carriers for use in antiperspirant products is described in U S.Patent Application 09/071,178 (Swaile et al.) filed July 27, 1999 The Swaile et al Application discloses antiperspirant compositions containing 1 ,2-hexanediol, and the use of such compositions to provide improved mildness, cosmetics and antiperspirant efficacy It has now been found that polyol-contammg carriers other than 1,2-hexanedιol can also be selected for use in antiperspirant compositions which provide improved mildness, cosmetics and antiperspirant efficacy, provided that the selection is limited to those liquid polyols having adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at the α and β positions of the liquid polyol but not more than 4 adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms m the liquid polyol, wherein the hydroxy-substituted carbon at the β position also has attached a second group selected from an amide, ester, alkyl, ether or silicone wherein the second group contains at least 3 adjacent atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, non-hydroxy oxygen, nitrogen, silicone and combinations thereof The liquid polyol must have a C log P value of from about -4 0 to about 2 0, preferably a ClogP value of less than about 2 0, and the mole ratio of the liquid polyols to the antiperspirant metal ions (e g , aluminum, zirconium) is preferably at least about 2 0 It has also been found that these polyol-contaming carriers are especially effective in providing a suitable means for providing intermediate and finished antiperspirant products with solubilized antiperspirant active It also been found that the selection of the liquid polyols as defined by ClogP values provides the selected polyol with optimal active release characteristics at the appropriate time after topical application to the underarm It has been found that the active release characteristics such as that provided by the selected polyols helps provide the composition with unproved antiperspirant efficacy SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to antiperspirant compositions, and corresponding methods of application, which compositions compπse from about 0 1% to about 50% by weight of solubihzed antiperspirant active, and from about 0 1% to about 99 9% by weight of a liquid polyol having adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at the α and β positions of the liquid polyol but not more than 4 adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms in the liquid polyol, wherein the liquid polyol conforms to the formula HO- CH 2 - CH- R OH wherein R is an amide, ester, alkyl, ether or silicone and contains at least 3 adjacent atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, non-hydroxy oxygen, nitrogen, silicone and combinations thereof, and wherein the liquid polyol has a C log P value of from about -4 0 to about 2 0 The mole ratio of the liquid polyols to the antiperspirant metal ions (e g , aluminum and zirconium) is preferably at least about 2 0 It has been found that these antiperspirant compositions, and corresponding methods of application provide improved antiperspirant efficacy, cosmetics, and are milder to the skin, provided that the liquid polyol is selected to have the requisite number and arrangement of hydroxyl groups, and provided that the liquid polyol also has a ClogP value of less than about 2 0 and is used in the requisite mole ratio relative to the antiperspirant metal ions m the composition DETAILED DESCRIPTION The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention include antiperspirant compositions m final, intermediate, or base forms, and include product forms such as solids or gel solid sticks, soft solids or creams, lotions or other liquids, aerosol or pump sprays, solutions or dispersions, and so forth These antiperspirant compositions are intended for topical application to the underarm or other suitable area of the skm, or for formulation into topical underarm products that are likewise intended for similar application The term "anhydrous" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, characterizes the water content of the compositions and corresponding ingredients of the present invention, and means that these compositions and ingredients so characterized contain less than about 20%, more preferably less than about 10%, even more preferably less than about 5%, even more preferably less than about 3%, most preferably zero percent, by weight water The term "ambient conditions" as used herein refers to surrounding conditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relative humidity, and at about 25°C The term "volatile" as used herein refers to those materials which have a measurable vapor pressure as measured at 25°C Such vapor pressures will typically range from about 0 01 mmHg to about 6 mmHg, more typically from about 0 02 mmHg to about 1 5 mmHg, and have an average boiling point at one atmosphere of pressure (1 arm) typically less than about 250°C, more typically less than about 235°C, at 1 atmosphere (atm) of pressure The term "aluminum and zirconium" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, means aluminum, or it means the combination of aluminum and zirconium in those embodiments optionally containing zirconium The term "metal" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, means the combination of aluminum and optional zirconium in the anhydrous composition of the present invention All percentages, parts and ratios as used herein are by weight of the total composition, unless otherwise specified All such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified The antiperspirant compositions and corresponding methods of application of the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations of the invention described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients, components, or limitations described herem Selected Polyols The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention comprises selected polyols for solubilizrng or helping to solubihze the antiperspirant active material in the composition The antiperspirant composition comprises from about 0 1 % to about 99 9%, preferably from about 5% to about 80%, more preferably from about 10% to about 60%, by weight of the selected liquid polyols The selected liquid polyols for use in the antiperspirant composition of the present invention comprise adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at the α and β positions of the liquid polyol but not more than 4 adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms m the liquid polyol, wherein the liquid polyol conforms to the formula HO- CH 2 - CH- R I OH wherein R is an amide, ester, alkyl, ether or silicone The R group also contains at least about 3 adjacent atoms, preferably from about 3 to about 10 adjacent atoms, which atoms are selected from the group consisting of carbon, non-hydroxy oxygen, nitrogen, silicone and combinations The R group is most preferably an alkyl or ether The liquid polyols preferably have either 2 or 3 hydroxyl groups in total The R group on the liquid polyol can therefore be substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated The R group is preferably an alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, or any substituted alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms (e g , hydroxy substituted, ethoxylates, propoxylates) Non limiting examples of suitable substituents include hydroxyl groups, amines, amides, esters, ethers, alkoxylate groups (e g , ethoxylates, propoxylates, etc ) and so forth The selected liquid polyols for use in the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention are preferably formulated into the composition so that the resulting mole ratio of the selected liquid polyols to the combination of zirconium and aluminum ions is at least about 2 0, preferably at least about 2 5, most preferably at least about 3 0 It has been found that the concentration of antiperspirant active solubihzed into the liquid polyols is dependent upon this mole ratio of the selected 1 ,2-dιols to antiperspirant metal ions (zirconium and aluminum) Solutions with a mole ratio of selected polyols to antiperspirant metal ions of less than about 2 0 are unstable and will easily precipitate during the manufacturing process or during storage, so that the maximum concentration of active that can be used to make a stable solution is dependent upon the molecular weight of the selected polyol solvent, the number of 1 ,2 diol functional groups per molecule, and the aluminum to zirconium ratio making up the active The selected polyols for use in the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention must also have a ClogP value of less than about 2 0, preferably from about -4 0 to about 2 0, more preferably from about -4 0 to about 1 0, even more preferably from about -2 0 to about 1 0, even more preferably from about -1 0 to about 0 5 It has been found that the selection of the liquid polyols as defined by ClogP values provides the selected polyol with optimal active release characteristics at the appropriate time after topical application to the underarm It has been found that the active release characteristics such as that provided by the selected polyols helps provide the composition with improved antiperspirant efficacy The ClogP value (calculated logP) as used herein helps define selection of the liquid polyol component of the present invention For purposes of defining and selecting the appropriate liquid polyol, the ClogP values are calculated for each liquid polyol by the Pamona Med Chem Daylight "CLOGP" program, Version 4 42, available from Biobyte Corporation, Claremont, California Other suitable methods for determining ClogP values include the fragment approach described by Hansch and Leo ( cf , A Leo, in Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry, Vol 4, C Hansch, P G Sammens, J B Taylor and C A Ramsden, Eds , p 295, Pergamon Press, 1990), which description is incorporated herein by reference Still other suitable methods are described or provided by Daylight Information Systems, Mission Viejo, California, Daylight V4 61, Algorithm V3 05, Database VI 6 General information pertaining to ClogP values and methodologies are described m Chemical Reviews, 93(4), 1993, 1281-1306, which description is also incorporated herein by reference Examples of suitable liquid polyols, and their corresponding ClogP values, for use in the composition include 1 ,2-pentanedιol (0 0), 4-methyl-l,2-pentanedιol (0 397), 2-methyl-l,2-pentanedιol (0 399 ), 3,3- methyl-l,2-butanedιol (0 267), 4-methyl-l,2-hexanedιol (0 926), 1,2-heptanedιol (1 056), 3-phenyl-l,2- propanediol (0 508), and combinations thereof Preferred liquid polyols include glycerol ether liquids for selection and use in the composition of the present invention include those which correspond to the formula HO- CH 2 - CH- CH 2 - OR, I OH wherein the glycerol ether liquids must have the requisite ClogP and hydroxyl group arrangement as described herein for all selected polyols, and wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon or sihcone-contammg moiety The R 2 group is preferably selected from alkyl groups having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or substituted groups contaimng 2 or more carbon atoms (e g , hydroxy substituted, ethoxylates, propoxylates) Non limiting examples of suitable substituents include hydroxyl groups, amines, amides, esters, ethers, alkoxylate groups (e g , ethoxylates, propoxylates, etc ) and so forth Suitable glycerol ethers and then respective ClogP values mclude glycerol isopropyl ether (-0 51), glycerol propyl ether (-0 73), glycerol ethyl ether (-1 04), glycerol methyl ether (-1 57), glycerol butyl ether (0 01), glycerol isopentyl ether (0 41), diglycerol isopropyl ether (-1 49), diglycerol isobutyl ether (-0 96), triglycerol (-3 71), triglycerol isopropyl ether (-2 25), and combinations thereof Other suitable polyol liquids and their respective ClogP values include acetic acid glycerol ester (- 1 30), propanoic acid glycerol ester (-0 77), butanoic acid glycerol ester (-0 24), 3-methyl butanoic acid glycerol ester (0 16) and 3-tπmethylsιly-l,2-propane diol (0 56) and combinations thereof It is intended, however, that the selected liquid polyols as defined herein do not include 1,2,6- hexanetriol, 1 ,2-hexandιol, 1 ,2,4-butanetrιol, 1 ,2-butylene glycol, diglycerol, propylene glycol, glycerme, or ethylene glycol, but that such excluded materials can be added to the composition in addition to the selected polyol liquids as described herein These selected polyols are formulated into the antiperspirant composition alone or preferably in combination with one or more other liquid carriers, examples of such other liquid carriers include any known or otherwise effective carrier liquid suitable for topical application to the skin which is also compatible with the solubihzed antiperspirant active component of the composition. Such other optional liquid carriers are preferably anhydrous Solubilized Antiperspirant Active The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.1 % to about 50% by weight of a solubihzed antiperspirant active suitable for application to human skin The concentration of antiperspirant active in the composition should be sufficient to provide the finished antiperspirant product with the desired perspiration wetness and odor control The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention preferably comprise, or provide finished product that comprises, solubihzed antiperspirant active at concentrations of from about 0.1%o to about 35%, preferably from about 3% to about 20%>, even more preferably from about 4% to about 19%, by weight of the composition. All such weight percentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt basis exclusive of water and any complexing or buffering agent such as glycine, glycme salts, or other complexing or buffering agent. The solubihzed antiperspirant active for use in the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention include any compound, composition or other material having antiperspirant activity Preferred antiperspirant actives include astringent metallic salts, especially the inorganic and organic salts of aluminum, zirconium and zinc, as well as mixtures thereof Particularly preferred are the aluminum and zirconium salts, such as aluminum hahdes, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum hydroxyhahdes, zirconyl oxyha des, zirconyl hydroxyhahdes, and mixtures thereof. Preferred aluminum salts for use in the antiperspirant compositions include those which conform to the formula- Al 2 (OH) a Cl b • x H 2 0 wherein a is from about 2 to about 5; the sum of a and b is about 6, x is from about 1 to about 6; and wherem a, b, and x may have non-mteger values. Particularly preferred are the aluminum chlorhydroxides referred to as "5/6 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a = 5, and "2/3 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a = 4. Processes for preparmg aluminum salts are disclosed in U S. Patent 3,887,692, Gilman, issued June 3, 1975, U.S. Patent 3,904,741, Jones et al , issued September 9, 1975, U.S. Patent 4,359,456, Gosling et al , issued November 16, 1982, and British Patent Specification 2,048,229, Fitzgerald et al , published December 10, 1980, all of which are incorporated herein by reference Mixtures of aluminum salts are described in British Patent Specification 1,347,950, Shin et al , published February 27, 1974, which description is also incorporated herem by reference Preferred zirconium salts for use in the antiperspirant compositions mclude those which conform to the formula ZrO(OH) 2-a Cl a x H 2 0 wherein a is any number having a value of from about 0 to about 2, x is from about 1 to about 7, and wherein a and x may both have non-integer values These zirconium salts are described in Belgian Patent 825,146, Schmitz, issued August 4, 1975, which description is incorporated herem by reference Particularly preferred zirconium salts are those complexes which additionally contain aluminum and glycme, commonly known as ZAG complexes These ZAG complexes contain aluminum chlorhydroxide and zirconyl hydroxy chloride conforming to the above described formulas Such ZAG complexes are described in U S Patent 3,679,068, Luedders et al , issued February 12, 1974, Great Britain Patent Application 2,144,992, Callaghan et al , published March 20, 1985, and U S Patent 4,120,948, Shelton, issued October 17, 1978, all of which are incorporated herein by reference It has been found that the anhydrous antiperspirant compositions of the present invention, which all contam solubihzed antiperspirant active, provide good application and aesthetic characteristics, and relative to other solubihzed active compositions, are typically less sticky during or after application and are milder to the skm It has also been found that solutions of solubihzed antiperspirant active and the selected polyol as defined herein are more compatible with nonpolar solvents, even when the latter is used at higher concentrations This now allows for the formulation of clear or translucent antiperspirant compositions containing nonpolar solvents such as volatile and nonvolatile si cones Optional Ingredients The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more optional components which may modify the physical, chemical, cosmetic or aesthetic characteristics of the compositions or serve as additional "active" components when deposited on the skm The compositions may also further comprise optional inert ingredients Many such optional ingredients are known for use in deodorants, antiperspirants or other personal care compositions, and may also be used m the antiperspirant compositions herem, provided that such optional materials are compatible with the essential materials described herein, or do not otherwise unduly impair product performance Nonlimitmg examples of optional ingredients suitable for use in the antiperspirant compositions herein include pH buffering agents, other solid or liquid carriers, emollients, humectants, soothing agents, wash-off aids, residue masking agents, dyes and pigments, medicaments, baking soda and related materials, preservatives, and so forth Optional Liquid Carriers In addition to the selected polyol liquids described herein, the antiperspirant composition preferably further comprises one or more optional liquid carriers suitable for topical application and appropriate for the product form desired Such other optional carriers include any known or otherwise effective liquid carrier material for use in antiperspirants, deodorants or other topical compositions In the event that the optional liquid carrier is not readily miscible or dispersible in the selected polyol liquid or with other optional carriers in the composition, then other liquid carriers or coupling agents may be added to the composition to bring the selected polyol liquid and other immiscible or nondispersible materials (e g , nonpolar solvents) into a homogenous solution or dispersion Optional liquid carriers include any topically safe and effective organic or sihcone-contammg, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar carrier liquid, provided that the resulting combination of carrier materials forms a solution or other homogenous liquid or liquid dispersion at the selected processing temperature of the composition, or which otherwise form a clear or translucent emulsion or suspension Processing temperatures for the antiperspirant compositions typically range from about 28°C to about 250° C, more typically from about 28°C to about 110°C, and even more typically from about 28°C to about 100° C Examples of suitable optional carrier liquids, and other optional ingredients suitable for use herem, are described in U S Patents 5,902,570 (Bretzler et al ), 5,750,096 (Guskey), and 5,916,546 (Sawrn et al ), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference Preferred optional carrier liquids include volatile sihcones in combination with the selected polyol liquid The concentration of the volatile silicone preferably ranges from about 10%> to about 90%, more preferably from about 15% to about 65%, by weight of the antiperspirant composition These volatile silicone carriers may be cyclic, linear or branched chain sihcones having the requisite volatility defined herein Nonlimitmg examples of suitable volatile sihcones are described m Todd et al , "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91 27-32 (1976), which descriptions are incorporated herem by reference Preferred among these volatile sihcones are the cyclic sihcones having from about 3 to about 7, more preferably from about 4 to about 5, silicon atoms Most preferably are those which conform to the formula wherem n is from about 3 to about 7, preferably from about 4 to about 5, most preferably 5 These volatile cyclic sihcones generally have a viscosity value of less than about 10 centistokes All viscosity values described herem are measured or determined under ambient conditions, unless otherwise specified Suitable volatile sihcones for use herein include, but are not limited to, Cyclomethicone D-5 (commercially available from G E Sihcones), Dow Coming 344, and Dow Coming 345 (commercially available from Dow Coming Corp ), GE 7207, GE 7158 and Silicone Fluids SF-1202 and SF-1173 (available from General Electric Co ), SWS-03314, SWS-03400, F-222, F-223, F-250, F-251 (available from SWS Sihcones Corp ), Volatile Sihcones 7158, 7207, 7349 (available from Union Carbide), Masil SF-V ( available from Mazer) and combinations thereof Other optional liquid carriers may also include a non-volatile, solid or liquid, silicone carrier These non-volatile silicone carriers are preferably liquids, and are preferably linear sihcones which include, but are not limited to, those which conform to either of the formulas CH, — wherein n is greater than or equal to 1 These linear silicone materials will generally have viscosity values of up to about 100,000 centistoke, preferably less than about 500 centistoke, more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 200 centistoke, even more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 50 centistoke, as measured under ambient conditions Examples of non-volatile, lmear sihcones suitable for use in the antiperspirant compositions include, but are not limited to, Dow Coming 200, hexamethyldisiloxane, Rhodorsil Oils 70047 available from Rhone-Poulenc, Masil SF Fluid available from Mazer, Dow Corning 225, Dow Coming 1732, Dow Coming 5732, Dow Coming 5750 (available from Dow Coming Corp ), SF- 96, SF-1066 and SF18(350) Silicone Fluids (available from G E Sihcones), Velvasil and Viscasil (available from General Electric Co ), and Silicone L-45, Silicone L530, Silicone L-531 (available from Union Carbide), and Siloxane F-221 and Silicone Fluid SWS- 101 (available from SWS Sihcones) The antiperspirant composition preferably comprises a combination of volatile and nonvolatile silicone materials, more preferably a combination of volatile and nonvolatile silicone carrier liquids Nonlimitmg examples of suitable combinations of such silicone materials are described in U S Patent 5,156,834 (Beckmeyer et al ), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference Other optional carriers for use in combination with the selected polyol liquid may also mclude mono and polyhydπc alcohols, fatty acids, esters of mono and dibasic carboxyhc acids with mono and polyhydπc alcohols, polyoxyethylenes, polyoxypropylenes, polyalkoxylates ethers of alcohols, and combmations thereof Preferably such optional liquid carriers are also water-immiscible liquids under ambient conditions Other suitable water-immiscible, polar organic liquid carriers or solvents for use in combination with the selected polyol liquid are described in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol 1, 27-104, edited by Balsam and Sagarin (1972), U S Patent 4,202,879 issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980, and U S Patent 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al on March 28, 1989, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference Other optional liquid carriers for use in combination with the selected polyol liquid include anhydrous, water-miscible, polar organic liquid carriers or solvents, examples of which include short chain alcohols such as ethanol and glycol solvents such as propylene glycol, hexylene glyol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and so forth Other suitable similar solvents also include polyalkoxylated carriers such as polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, combinations and derivatives thereof, and so forth Nonlimitmg examples of polar solvents suitable for use herein are described in U S Patent 5,429,816, which description is incorporated herein by reference Other suitable polar solvents include phthalate co-solvents, benzoate co-solvents, cmnamate esters, secondary alcohols, benzyl acetate, phenyl alkane and combinations thereof Optional liquid carriers for use in combination with the selected polyol liquid may also include non- polar carriers such as mineral oil, petrolatum, isohexadecane, isododecane, various hydrocarbon oils such as the Isopar or Norpar series available from Exxon Corp or Permethyl series available from Persperse, and the Soltrol series available from Phillips Chemical, and any other polar or non-polar, water-miscible, organic carrier liquid or solvent known or otherwise safe and effective for topical application to human skm Optional Suspending or Thickening Agent The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may further comprise a suspending or thickening agent to help provide the composition with the desired viscosity or product hardness, or to otherwise help suspend any dispersed solids or liquids within the composition Suitable suspending or thickening agents include any material known or otherwise effective m providing suspending or thickening properties to the composition, or which otherwise provide structure to the final product form These suspending or thickemng agents include gelling agents, and polymeric or nonpolymeπc or inorganic thickening or viscosifymg agents Such materials will most typically include organic solids, silicone solids, crystalline or other gellants, inorganic particulates such as clays or silicas, or combinations thereof The concentration and type of optional suspending or thickening agent selected for use in the antiperspirant composition will vary depending upon the desired product form, viscosity, and hardness For most suspending or thickemng agents suitable for optional use herein, the concentration of such suspendmg or thickenmg agents will most typically range from about 0 1% to about 35%, more typically from about 0 1% to about 20%, by weight of the composition Suitable gelling agents for use as optional suspending or thickening agents m the antiperspirant composition include, but are not limited to, fatty acid gellants, hydroxy acid gellants, esters and amides of fatty acid or hydroxy fatty acid gellants, cholesterohc materials, dibenzyhdene alditols, lanolinohc materials, and other amide and polyamide gellants Suitable gelling agents mclude fatty alcohols having from about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms These gelling agents are wax-like materials which are most typically used at concentrations ranging from about 1% to about 25%o, preferably from about 5% to about 20%>, most preferably from about 10% to about 20%, by weight of the antiperspirant composition Preferred are cetyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and combinations thereof, more preferably stearyl alcohol Other suitable gelling agents include waxes or wax-like materials having a melt point of above 65 °C, more typically from about 65°C to about 130°C, examples of which include, but are not limited to, waxes such as beeswax, camauba, baysberry, candehlla, montan, ozokerite, ceresm, hydrogenated castor oil (castor wax), synthetic waxes, microcrystalhne waxes Castor wax is preferred withm this group Other high melting point waxes are described m U S Patent 4,049,792, Elsnau, issued September 20, 1977, which description is incorporated herein by reference Other suitable gelling agents include fatty acid gellants such as fatty acid and hydroxy or alpha hydroxy fatty acids, having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, and esters and amides of such gelling agents Nonlimitmg examples such gelling agents include 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, 12-hydroxylaurιc acid, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoιc acid, behenic acid, eurcic acid, steaπc acid, capryhc acid, lauπc acid, lsosteaπc acid, and combinations thereof Preferred are esters of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, amides of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid and combinations thereof, and all other gelling agents which correspond to the following formula wherem R j is OR 2 NR 2 R β , or a silicone containing moiety, and R 2 and R3 are hydrogen, or an alkyl, aryl, or arylalkyl radical which is branched linear or cyclic and has from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, preferably, from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms R and R3 may be either the same or different, however, at least one is preferably a hydrogen atom Preferred among these gellants are those selected from the group consisting of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid methyl ester, 12 -hydroxy steaπc acid ethyl ester, 12-hydroxysteaπc acid stearyl ester, 12-hydroxystearιc acid benzyl ester, 12-hydroxysteaπc acid amide, isopropyl amide of 12- hydroxysteaπc acid, butyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, benzyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, phenyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, t-butyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, cyclohexyl amide of 12- hydroxysteanc acid, 1-adamantyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, 2-adamantyl amide of 12-hydroxysteanc acid, dnsopropyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, and mixtures thereof, even more preferably, 12- hydroxysteaπc acid, isopropyl amide of 12-hydroxysteaπc acid, and combinations thereof Suitable amide gellants include disubstituted or branched monoamide gellants, monosubstituted or branched diamide gellants, triamide gellants, and combinations thereof, including n-acyl ammo acid derivatives such as n-acyl amino acid amides, n-acyl ammo acid esters prepared from glutamic acid, lysme, glutamine, apartic acid, and combinations thereof Other suitable amide gelling agents are described in U S Patent 5,429,816, issued July 4, 1995, and U S Patent Application Serial Number 08/771,183, filed December 20, 1996, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference Concentrations of all such gelling agents preferably range from about 0 1% to about 25%, preferably of from about 1% to about 15%, more preferably from about 1% to about 10%, by weight of the antiperspirant composition Other suitable gelling agents include triglyceπde gellant systems which compπse glyceryl tπbehenate and other tπglyceπdes, wherein at least about 75%, preferably about 100%, of the esteπfied fatty acid moieties of said other tπglyceπdes each have from about 18 to about 36 carbon atoms, and wherein the mole ratio of glyceryl tπbehenate to said other tπglyceπdes is from about 20 1 to about 1 1, preferably from about 10 1 to about 3 1, more preferably from about 6 1 to about 4 1 The esteπfied fatty acid moieties may be saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, but are preferably linear, saturated, unsubstituted ester moieties derived from fatty acid materials having from about 18 to about 36 carbon atoms The tπglyceride gellant material preferably has a melting point of at less than about 110°C, preferably between about 50°C and 110°C Preferred concentrations of the above-described tπglyceπde gellant systems range from about 0 1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0 5% to about 15%>, by weight of the antiperspirant composition For roll-on formulations having a penetration force value of from about 20 gram force to about 100 gram force, triglyceπde concentrations preferably range from about 1% to about 5% by weight of the antiperspirant composition For other cream formulations, including those formulations suitable for use in cream applicator devices, which have a penetration force value of from about 100 gram force to about 500 gram force, tπglyceπde concentrations preferably range from about 4% to about 20%o, more preferably from about 4% to about 10%, by weight of the antiperspirant composition Specific examples of tπglyceπde gelling agents for use in the antiperspirant compositions that are commercially available mclude, but are not limited to, tπstearm, hydrogenated vegetable oil, trihydroxystenn (Thixcin® R, available from Rheox, Inc ), rape seed oil, castor wax, fish oils, tπpalmiten, Syncrowax® HRC and Syncrowax® HGL-C (Syncrowax® available from Croda, Inc ) Other suitable suspending or thickening agents for use in the antiperspirant composition include particulate suspending or thickening agents such as clays and colloidal pyrogemc silica pigments Other known or otherwise effective particulate suspending or thickemng agents can likewise be used m the antiperspirant composition Concentrations of optional particulate thickening agents preferably range from about 0 001%) to about 15%, more preferably from about 1%> to about 15%, even more preferably from about 1%) to about 8%>, by weight of the composition Colloidal pyrogenic silica pigments are preferred, a common example of which includes Cab-O-Sil ®, a submicroscopic particulated pyrogenic silica Suitable clay suspendmg or thickening agents include montmoπllonite clays, examples of which include bentomtes, hectorites, and colloidal magnesium aluminum silicates These and other suitable clay suspending agents are preferably hydrophobically treated, and when so treated will generally be used in combination with a clay activator Nonlimitmg examples of suitable clay activators include propylene carbonate, ethanol, and combinations thereof The amount of clay activator will typically range from about 25%) to about 75% by weight of the clay, more typically from about 40% to about 60% by weight of the clay Optional Deodorant Active and Fragrance The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may further comprise a deodorant active, fragrance or combination thereof at concentrations rangmg from about 0 001%) to about 50%, preferably from about 0 01%o to about 20%>, more preferably from about 0 1% to about 10%>, by weight of the composition These deodorant actives and perfumes may be used in addition to or in place of some or all of the antiperspirant active material, and include any known or otherwise safe and effective deodorant or fragrance suitable for topical application to human skin Deodorant actives suitable for use m the composition of the present invention includes any topical material that is known for or is otherwise effective m preventing or eliminating malodor associated with perspiration, other than those active materials described hereinbefore These deodorant actives are typically antimicrobial agents (e g , bacteπocides, fungicides), malodor-absorbing material, or combinations thereof Preferred deodorant actives are antimicrobial agents, Nonlimitmg examples of which include cetyl- trimethylammonium bromide, cetyl pyπdinium chloride, benzethomum chloride, dnsobutyl phenoxy ethoxy ethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sodium N-lauryl sarcosme, sodium N-palmethyl sarcosme, lauroyl sarcosme, N-myπstoyl glycine, potassium N-lauryl sarcosme, tπmethyl ammonium chloride, sodium aluminum chlorohydroxy lactate, tπethyl citrate, tπcetylmefhyl ammonium chloride, 2,4,4'-tπchloπo-2'- hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4'-tπchlorocarbanιhde, diaminoalkyl amides such as L-lysme hexadecyl amide, heavy metal salts of citrate, sahcylate, and piroctose, especially zinc salts, and acids thereof, heavy metal salts of pyπthione, especially zmc pyπthione, zinc phenolsulfate, farnesol, and combmations thereof Other optional deodorant actives mclude odor-absorbing materials such as carbonate and bicarbonate salts, including alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates, ammonium and tetraalkylammomum Preferred are sodium and potassium salts of such odor-absorbing mateπals The antiperspirant composition of the present mvention may optionally comprise fragrances suitable for use in a topical composition, and includes any topical material that is known for or is otherwise effective in masking malodor associated with perspiration, or which otherwise provides the composition with the desired perfumed aroma These fragrances include any perfume or perfume chemical suitable for topical application to the skm The concentration of the optional fragrance should be effective to provide the desired aroma characteristics or to mask malodor, wherein the malodor is inherently associated with the composition itself or is associated with malodor development from human perspiration Also, the fragrance and whatever carriers accompany it preferably do not impart excessive stinging to the skin, especially broken or irritated skin, at the levels previously disclosed The fragrance will typically be in the form of water insoluble perfumes that are solubihzed m the matrix of the composition Fragrances are made by those skilled in the art in a wide variety of fragrances and strengths Typical fragrances are described in Arctander, Perfume and Flavour Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals), Vol I and II (1969), and Arctander, Perfume and Flavour Materials of Natural Origin (1960) U S Patent 4,322,308 and U S Patent 4,304,679, both incorporated herein by reference, disclose fragrance components as generally including, but are not limited to, volatile phenolic substances (such as iso-amyl sahcylate, benzyl sahcylate, and thyme oil red), essence oils (such as geranium oil, patchouli oil, and petitgram oil), citrus oils, extracts and resins (such as benzoin siam resinoid and opoponax resinoid), "synthetic" oils (such as Bergamot 37 and 430, Geranium 76 and Pomeransol 314), aldehydes and ketones (such as B-mefhyl naphthyl ketone, p-t-butyl-A-mefhyl hydrocinnamic aldehyde and p-t-amyl cyclohexanone), polycychc compounds (such as coumaπn and β-naphthyl methyl ether), esters (such as diethyl phthalate, phenylethyl phenylacetate, non-annelid- 1 4) Fragrances also mclude esters and essential oils derived from floral materials and fruits, citrus oils, absolutes, aldehydes, resinoides, musk and other animal notes (e g , natural isolates of civet, castoreum and musk), balsamic, etc and alcohols (such as dimyrcetol, phenylethyl alcohol and tetrahydromuguol) Examples of such components useful in fragrances herein include decyl aldehyde, undecyl aldehyde, undecylenic aldehyde, lauπc aldehyde, amyl cmnamic aldehyde, ethyl methyl phenyl glycidate, methyl nonyl acetaldehyde, myπstic aldehyde, nonalactone, nonyl aldehyde, octyl aldehyde, undecalactone, hexyl cmnamic aldehyde, benzaldehyde, vanillin, hehotropine, camphor, para-hydroxy phenolbutanone, 6-acetyl 1,1,3,4,4,6 hexamethyl tetrahydronaphfhalene, alpha-methyl lonone, gamma- methyl lonone, and amyl-cyclohexanone and mixtures of these components Other suitable but optional fragrances are those which mask or help to mask odors associated with perspiration (hereinafter referred to as odor masking fragrances), some nonlimitmg examples of which are described in U S Patent 5,554,588, U S Patent 4,278,658, U S Patent 5,501,805, and EP Patent Application 684 037 Al, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety Preferred odor masking fragrances are those which have a Deodorant Value of at least about 0 25, more preferably from about 0 25 to about 3 5, even more preferably from about 0 9 to about 3 5, as measured by the Deodorant Value Test described in EP Patent Application 684 037 Al The optional fragrance may also contain solubihzers, diluents, or solvents which are well known in the art Such materials are described in Arctander, Perfume and Flavour Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals), Vol I and II (1969) Method of Manufacture The compositions of the present invention may be made by any method known in the art for formulating compositions containing solubihzed antiperspirant active, or which are otherwise effective m formulating such compositions As will be apparent to those skilled m the art, the particular method will be dependent upon the selection of the specific types and amounts of the components employed, as well as the desired product form, e g , solid, semi-solid, liquid, solution or suspension, finish product or manufacturing intermediate, etc In general, the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention can be prepared by combining the selected polyol liquid with the antiperspirant active under the appropriate process conditions Optional ingredients can be added m any known or otherwise effective manner for formulating the desired product form, or to otherwise help solubihze the antiperspirant active in the selected product formulation For example, to formulate an anhydrous composition containing solubilized antiperspirant active, the antiperspirant active may be solubihzed in an aqueous earner comprising a polyol solvent, wherein the polyol solvent is or comprises the selected polyol liquid as defined herein, and then processed to remove substantially all of the water m the resulting composition Suitable processing methods for application in this manner include, but are not limited to, those methods described in U S Patent 4,781,917 (Luebbe et al ), U S Patent 5,643,558 (Provancal et al ), and European Patent Application 0 404 533 Al (Smith et al ), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference To formulate a solid or soft solid product, the antiperspirant active is preferably dissolved or maintained as such by the addition of the selected polyol and any optional liquid carriers or cosolvents at a processing temperature of up to about 130°C, typically at a temperature of from about 60°C to about 130°C Optional suspending agents are added to the heated mixture, and the heating process maintained until the heated liquid appears to be clear and homogenous, which will typically occur for most combmations at a temperature of between about 60°C and about 130°C The resulting clear liquid is then cooled or allowed to cool to between about 40°C and about 120°C, at which tune any other optional mgredients are then added to and mixed with the cooled liquid The resulting liquid solution or mixture is then poured into contamers and allowed to cool further and solidify to the desired product hardness Alternatively, many of these optional ingredients can be added along with the liquid carriers during the initial heating sequence, or at any other time that is suitable for such addition in order to manufacture the desired product form To formulate an aerosol, roll-on or other liquid formulation, any known or otherwise effective manufacturing or formulation method can be use to formulate the antiperspirant compositions m such product forms Nonlimitmg examples of suitable methods for manufacturing the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention are described m U S Patent 5,429,816 (Hofπchter et al ), U S Patent 5,733,534 (Sawin et al ), U S Patent 5,605,681 (Trandai et al ), U S Patent 5,346,694 (Juneja), U S Patent 5,298,236 (Orr et al ), and U S Patent 5,718,890 (Putnam et al ), which descriptions are incorporated herein be reference Method of Use The antiperspirant composition of the present invention may be used as a manufacturing intermediate m formulating other antiperspirant compositions, or it may be formulated in final form to be topically applied to the axilla or other area of the skin m any known or otherwise effective method for controlling malodor associated with perspiration These methods comprise applying to the axilla or other area of the human skin a safe and effective amount of the antiperspirant composition of the present invention In this context, the term "safe and effective amount" means an amount of the antiperspirant composition topically applied to the skm which is effective in inhibiting or minimizing masking, perspiration at the site of application while also being safe for human use at a reasonable risk/benefit ratio In this context, a safe and effective amount typically ranges from about 0 1 gram per axilla to about 2 0 gram per axilla The compositions are preferably applied to the axilla or other area of the skm one or more times daily, preferably once daily EXAMPLES The following Examples 1-9 illustrate specific embodiments of the antiperspirant compositions of the present invention, including methods of manufacture and use, but are not intended to be limiting thereof Other modifications can be undertaken by the skilled artisan without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention The exemplified compositions are applied topically to the underarm m an amount effective to inhibit or prevent perspiration in humans, typically an amount which ranges from about 0 1 gram to about 2 grams per axilla The applied compositions are effective in inhibiting perspiration from the applied areas, and have good skin feel characteristics during and after application The applied compositions are milder to the skm and cause little or no skin irritation All exemplified amounts are weight-weight percents based on the total weight of the composition, unless otherwise specified The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention include final and intermediate product forms, and such forms can have a wide range of viscosity and physical characteristics depending on whether the product is in solid, semi-solid or liquid form, or is otherwise formulated as a solution, suspension, dispersion, etc Nonlimitmg working examples of some of these product forms are descπbed hereinafter Examples 1-6 The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention includes the clear or translucent liquid compositions described m Examples 1-6 These compositions can be used as manufacturing intermediates to make other products or they can be used as a topical liquid delivered from an appropriate package, e g , roll-on applicator Each of the exemplified compositions contains solubihzed, activated, antiperspirant active and are formulated by methods well known for making solubihzed, activated, antiperspirant active or finished product forms containing them Table 1 Examples 7-9 The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention includes the finished product forms described m Examples 7-9. Each of these exemplified compositions contain solubilized, activated antiperspirant active and are formulated by conventional methods described herein, and can also be formulated by any of a variety of well known methods for making solubihzed antiperspirant active and finished antiperspirant product forms Table 2

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1 An anhydrous antiperspirant composition comprising A) from about 0 1%> to about 50% by weight of solubihzed antiperspirant active, and B) from about 0 1% to about 99 9% by weight of a liquid polyol having adjacent hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at the α and β positions of the liquid polyol but not more than 4 adjacent hydroxy- substituted carbon atoms in the liquid polyol, wherein the liquid polyol conforms to the formula HO- CH 2 - CH- R I OH wherein R is an amide, ester, alkyl, ether or silicone and contains at least 3 adjacent atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, non-hydroxy oxygen, nitrogen, silicone and combinations thereof, and wherein the liquid polyol has a C log P value of from about -4 0 to about 2 0 2 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms 3 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein R is an ether group such that the liquid polyol conforms to the formula HO- CH 2 - CH- CH 2 - OR 2 I OH wherein R 2 contains from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 4 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein the ClogP value is from about -2 0 to about 1 0 5 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 4 wherein the ClogP value is from about -1 0 to about 0 5 6 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 4 wherein the composition comprises from about 0 1% to about 35%) by weight of the solubihzed antiperspirant active 7 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 4 wherein the composition is visibly clear or translucent at 25°C 8 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 4 wherein the composition further comprises about 10% to about 90% by weight of a volatile silicone 9 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 8 wherein the composition further comprises a nonvolatile silicone 10 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 4 wherein the antiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting of aluminum-containing antiperspirant actives and aluminum-zirconium contammg actives, and wherein the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 2 0 1 11 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 10 wherein the antiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting of aluminum hahdes, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum hydroxyhahdes, zirconyl oxyhahdes, zirconyl hydroxyhahdes, and combinations thereof 12 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 10 wherein the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 3 0 1 13 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 11 wherein the liquid polyol is selected from the group consisting of 1 ,2-pentanedιol, 4-methyl-l,2-ρentanedιol, 2-methyl-l,2-pentanedιol, 3, 3 -methyl- 1,2- butanediol, 4-methyl-l,2-hexanedιol, 1 ,2-heptanedιol, 2-phenyl-l,2-propanedιol, and combinations thereof 14 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein the composition comprises from about 5% to about 80%) by weight of the liquid polyol, and wherein the liquid polyol comprises a glycerol ether selected from the group consistmg of glycerol isopropyl ether, glycerol propyl ether, glycerol ethyl ether, glycerol methyl ether, glycerol butyl ether, glycerol isopentyl ether, diglycerol isopropyl ether, diglycerol isobutyl ether, triglycerol, triglycerol isopropyl ether, and combinations thereof 15 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 14 wherein the liquid polyol is glycerol butyl ether 16 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein the liquid polyol is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid glycerol ester, propanoic acid glycerol ester, butanoic acid glycerol ester, 3-mefhyl butanoic acid glycerol ester, 3-tπmefhylsιly-l,2-propanedιol, and combinations thereof 17 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 wherein the composition contams less than 3% by weight of water 18 A method of controlling malodor associated with perspiration comprising the topical application to the axillary area of an effective amount of the antiperspirant composition of Claim 1 19 An anhydrous antiperspirant composition comprising: A) from about 5%> to about 80% by weight of a glycerol butyl ether; B) from about 5% to about 20%> by weight of solubihzed antiperspirant active selected from the group consisting of alummum-contammg active and aluminum zirconium-containing active; and C) less than 5% by weight of water 20 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 19 wherem the mole ratio of glycerol butyl ether to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 2 0 1, and the antiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting aluminum hahdes, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum hydroxyhahdes, zirconyl oxyhahdes, zirconyl hydroxyhahdes, and combinations thereof 21 The antiperspirant composition of Claim 20 wherein the mole ratio of glycerol butyl ether to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 3.0:1 22. The antiperspirant composition of Claim 20 wherein the composition further comprises from about 0.1%) to about 35% by weight of a suspending or thickening agent and from about 10% to about 90% by weight of a volatile silicone.

Inventors: HAYES FRED JOSEPH, HILVERT JENNIFER ELAINE, MOTLEY CURTIS BOBBY, SWAILE DAVID FREDERICK, HAYES, FRED, JOSEPH, HILVERT, JENNIFER, ELAINE, MOTLEY, CURTIS, BOBBY, SWAILE, DAVID, FREDERICK
Applicants: PROCTER & GAMBLE, THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
Application year: 2000
Main classification: A61K7
IPC codes: A61K8, A61Q15