A METHOD FOR THE CONTROL OF A GROUND WOOD PULPING PROCESS

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the control of a ground wood pulping process, whereby pulpwood logs are pressed against the periphery of a rotating grinding stone, the grinding stone is sprayed with water, and the generated fibre suspension, the pulp, is stored, and whereby the pulp's drainability or freeness CF and a second quantity Q characterising the quality of the pulp are measured, the measured values CFx and Qx are compared with the set points CF0 and Q0 of the corresponding quantities, and the wood supply rate Vn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the peripheral speed Vp of the grinding stone are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value. Pressurised water sharpening of the grinding stone is initiated when the grinding stone reaches a certain degree of bluntness being defined e.g. as a certain value of the wood supply pressure Fn or the wood supply rate Vn or a variable depending on these, and this pressurised water sharpening is continued until the measured quality quantity Qx deviates from its set point Q0 by a given amount, the difference DELTA Q, after which the pressurised water sharpening is discontinued. Then the wood supply rate Vn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the grinding stone's peripheral speed Vp are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value.

Description: A method for the control of a ground wood pulping process The present invention is based on a previously patented method for the control of a ground wood pulping process in order to achieve an optimal value for both the drainability of the pulp and for another characteristic of the pulp, preferably the tearing resistance of the pulp, and which process uses wood supply rate or wood supply pressure and peripheral speed ofthe grinding stone as control variables. The Finnish patent 102975 describes a method for the control of a ground wood pulping process. According to the invention one measures the drainability of the pulp (freeness, CF) and another quantity Q characterising the quality of the pulp, preferably the tearing resistance (tear index RI), and the measured values CFx and Qx are compared with the set points CFO and QO of the corresponding quantities. The wood supply rate Nn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the peripheral speed Np of the grinding stone are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value. The method is based on previously performed tests where it has been found that, at a constant freeness, it is possible to improve the strength properties, particularly the tearing resistance, by reducing the peripheral speed of the grinding stone. According to an article by Jan-Anders Fagerhed, "Development of wood grinding" in Paperi ja Puu - Paper and Timber 72 (1990): 7 the tearing resistance of the pulp increases by about 40 % at a grinding overpressure of 0 to 1 bar when the peripheral speed of the grinding stone is reduced from 30 m/s to 10 m/s. The corresponding increase in tearing resistance is about 20 % at an overpressure of 2 bar, and about 8 % at an overpressure of 3 to 4 bar. The same article also discloses that the tensile strength (at a given freeness value) can be affected to a certain extent by the peripheral speed of the grinding stone, though the effect is not as obvious as concerning the tearing resistance. However, an increase of about 35 % in tensile strength is obtained when the grinding is done at atmospheric pressure and the peripheral speed is reduced from 30 m/s to 10 m/s. The above-mentioned patent publication does not mention shaφening of the grinding stone. Shaφening becomes necessary when a grinding stone for a ground wood pulping process becomes blunt. Traditionally the grinding stones have been shaφened mechanically. However, some disadvantages are connected with this shaφening method. Firstly, the production must be stopped for the time of the shaφening. Secondly, the stone easily becomes too shaφ, which in turn results in too high a freeness of the pulp, and the pulp quality becomes inferior, if the wood supply rate or pressure is not reduced at the same time (i.e., if the production is not reduced). This is due to the fact that a very shaφ stone surface will not defibrate the wood in a desired way, but rather cuts out wood particles. In order to compensate for this effect the load must be reduced. Pressurised water shaφening of grinding stones for ground wood pulping has been proposed in the articles S Blomqvist et al., "Water Jet - New Technique for Pulpstone Surface Control", 1994 Pulping Conference, TAPPI Proceedings, p. 601-610, and A Puurunen et al., "First Mill Scale Experiences of the Water Jet Pulpstone Conditioning System at UPM-Kymmene Voikkaa and Rauma Paper Mill", 1997 Pulping Conference, TAPPI Proceedings, p. 317-322. It was stated that pressurised water at a pressure in the interval 500-2500 bar is suitable for shaφening the grinding stone during operation. It is possible to maintain a higher production and more even drainability and strength properties of the pulp due to the fact that the shaφness of the stone can be controlled very accurately with this shaφening method. The article JHJ Lehto et al., "New Thinking in Ground wood Process Control" (being printed) proposes to automate the shaφening of the grinding stone in a ground wood pulping process. As a measure of the condition of the grinding stone the article's authors introduced the concept "saturation degree", which was defined as the relative time during which the hydraulic valves are open more than 90 %. None of the above mentioned articles gives any hint about that the shaφening of the grinding stone could be connected to a two- variable control of the ground wood pulping process according to the Finnish patent FI 102975, in which the pulp freeness CF and the quality characteristic Q are used as measurement variables, and the wood supply rate (or the wood supply pressure) and the peripheral speed of the stone are used as control variables. The object of the present invention is to combine the method according to FI 102975 with an automated pressurised water shaφening of the grinding stone, whereby one obtains a three-variable control where the water pressure is the third control variable. The characteristics ofthe invention appear in claim 1. The method can be used both in conventional stone grinding without oveφressure (so called stone ground wood or SGW pulp) and in so called pressure grinding (pressure ground wood or PGW). The CF number and the tear index of the pulp are kept on a desired level, and one minimises the sum ofthe deviations (CFx - CF0)2 + (RIx - RI0)2 where: CF0= freeness set point; CFx = measured freeness value; RIO = tear index set point; and RIx = measured tear index value. As examples of the quality characteristics one can mention the delamination strength and bulk. The relation between the shaφness of the grinding stone and the characteristics of the pulp has previously been published (see e.g. Georg v. Alftan, "Valmistusolojen vaikutus mekaanisen massan ominaisuuksiin", in the textbook "Puukemia", Waldemar Jensen, Helsinki 1967). FI 102975 presents measurement data which was published by Jan- Anders Fagerhed (Development of wood grinding, Part 3, Effects of casing pressure and pulpstone speed, Paper-Puu - Paper and Timber 72 (1990):7, 680-686), and which was supplemented by up to now unpublished material. With the aid of regression analysis one can determine on the basis of this measurement data the relation between quantities that describe the characteristics of the pulp (freeness, tear index) and the operating conditions ofthe process. The grinding process according to this invention is in principle affected by three control variables, that is the wood supply rate (or force), the peripheral speed of the grinding stone, and the water pressure. The supply rate can keep the CF number of the pulp at desired level, and the stone's peripheral speed, another variable, at a desired level. The pressurised water shaφening is started at a certain grinding stone surface condition, i.e. when a certain degree of bluntness is reached. Then this pressurised water shaφening is continued until a quality quantity Qx, advantageously the tear index RI, deviates from its set point Q0 by a given amount, the difference ΔQ, after which the pressurised water shaφening is discontinued, and the wood supply rate Nn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the grinding stone's peripheral speed Np are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value. The degree of bluntness of the grinding stone can be defined in many ways, e.g. as a certain value for the wood supply pressure Fn or the wood supply rate Nn, or for any variable which depends on these. A suitable measure for the bluntness is for instance the relative time that the hydraulic valve (or valves) is open 90 % or more. The observed quality quantity Q is preferably a measure of the tearing resistance of the pulp, e.g. the tear index RI. In this case the pressurised water shaφening is discontinued when the measured tear index RIx becomes smaller than its set point RIO by a defined difference ΔRI. Thus the choice of RIO and ΔRI defines the desired shaφness ofthe grinding stone. Even if it is conceivable to carry out the pressurised water shaφening with a constant water pressure in the interval 500-2500 bar, it is advantageous to successively increase the water pressure during the shaφening. The initial pressure can be about 500 to 1000 bar, and the final pressure about 2500 bar. During the pressurised water shaφening the wood supply rate Vn, the wood supply pressure Fn and the grinding stone's peripheral speed Vp are kept at least almost constant. Thus the process can be controlled by a multi-variable method with three input signals and two output signals. The control can be carried out with the aid of a multi-variable control algorithm that was described in FI 102975.

Claims: Claims 1. A method for the control of a ground wood pulping process, whereby pulp wood logs are pressed against the periphery of a rotating grinding stone, the grinding stone is sprayed with water, and the generated fibre suspension, the pulp, is stored, and whereby the pulp's drainability or freeness CF and a second quantity Q characterising the quality of the pulp are measured, the measured values CFx and Qx are compared with the set points CFO and QO of the corresponding quantities, and the wood supply rate Vn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the peripheral speed Vp of the grinding stone are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value, whereby pressurised water shaφening of the grinding stone is initiated when the grinding stone reaches a certain degree of bluntness being defined e.g. as a certain value of the wood supply pressure Fn or the wood supply rate Vn or a variable depending on these, characterised in that this pressurised water shaφening is continued until the measured quality quantity Qx deviates from its set point QO by a given amount, the difference ΔQ, after which the pressurised water shaφening is discontinued, and the wood supply rate Vn or the wood supply pressure Fn and the grinding stone's peripheral speed Vp are adjusted so that the sum (CFx - CF0)2 + (Qx - Q0)2 obtains its minimum value. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the quantity Q is a measure ofthe pulp's tearing resistance, such as e.g. the tear index RI. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the quantity Q is a measure ofthe pulp's delamination strength. 4. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the quantity Q is a measure ofthe pulp's bulk. 5. A method according to any previous claim 1 to 4, characterised in that the pressure ofthe pressurised water is increased during the pressurised water shaφening. 6. A method according to any previous claim 1 to 4, characterised in that the wood supply rate Vn, the wood supply pressure Fn and the grinding stone's peripheral speed Vp are kept almost constant during the pressurised water shaφening. 7. A method according to any previous claim, characterised in that the pressurised water shaφening is initiated at a wood supply pressure where the hydraulic valve or valves are open at least 90 % during a given time, and that the pressurised water shaφening is discontinued when the measured quality quantity Qx deviates from its set point QO by a defined difference ΔQ. 8. A method according to any of the previous claims, characterised in that the control is made with the aid of a multi- variable control algorithm.

Inventors: FORSMAN TOM, FORSMAN, TOM
Applicants: FORSMAN TOM, FORSMAN, TOM
Application year: 2000
Main classification: D21B1
IPC codes: D21B1, D21D1