COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING MULBERRY EXTRACT AND RETINOIDS

Abstract: A cosmetic skin care composition comprising: (iv) a glycolic extract of mulberry root in an amount of from 0.00001 to 10 wt.%, (v) a retinoid selected from retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate and retinyl linoleate, and (vi) a cosmetically acceptable vehicle, wherein the weight ratio of retinyl acetate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:80 to 120:1; the weight ratio of retinyl linoleate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:8 to 120:1; and the weight ratio of retinyl palmitate to the mulberry extract is in the range of 1:16 to 6:1.

Description: COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING MULBERRY EXTRACT AND RETINOIDS This invention relates to cosmetic compositions containing mulberry extract in combination with retmoids and to methods of conditioning the skin by the application of such compositions . Retmol (vitamin A) is an endogenous compound which occurs naturally m the human body and is essential for normal epithelial cell differentiation. Natural and synthetic vitamin A derivatives have been used extensively in the treatment of a variety of skm disorders and as skm repair and renewal agents. Retmoic acid has been used to treat a variety of skm conditions such as acne, wrinkles, psoriasis, age spots and skm discoloration. Within the cells, retmol and retmoic acid are bound to specific cellular binding proteins, two of the major proteins are CRABP-1 and CRABP-2 (Roos et al . , Pharmacological reviews: 50, 315-333, 1998). These proteins act in regulating the mtracellular concentration of retmoids by acting as both storage or shuttle proteins in retmoid metabolism. The levels of this protein are regulated by the amount of retmoic acid within the cells. Higher cellular levels of retmoids increase the expression of CRABP-2. Therefore, the amount of this protein in the cells, is a measure of the retmoid activity of the cells. Skm cells contain CRABP-2 both in the epidermis and the dermis. The CRABP-2 response to retmoid administration in fibroblasts m vi tro is used as a reproducible measure of retmoid bioactivity that predicts human skm responses (Elder et al . , J. Invest. Dermatol . , 106: 517-521, 1996). Therefore, CRABP-2 expression of fibroblasts is a measure of retmoid activity leading to various cosmetic skm benefits (antiagmg, anti wrinkling, skm conditioning etc.). Cosmetic compositions containing mulberry and retmoids are known m the art. See for instance EP 815838 (Shiseido) , EP 887070 (Kibun Food Chemifa Co.), US 5,676,948, US 5,676,949, and US 5,607,692. US 5332575 describes a method of targeting melanocytes with a compound containing a fucose residue to bind the product to the melanocyte membrane. A cosmetic composition is exemplified containing dry mulberry root bark extract at 0.5% level. In another example, beta carotene or 0.25% vitamin A propionate is employed. The present invention is based on the discovery that mulberry extract m combination with selected retmoids exhibit synergy, when combined within a specific ratio range . The present invention includes a cosmetic skm care composition comprising: (l) a glycolic extract of mulberry root m an amount of from 0.00001 to 10 wt.%, (n) a retmoid selected from retmyl acetate, retmyl palmitate and retinyl Imoleate, and (m) a cosmetically acceptable vehicle, wherein the weight ratio of retinyl acetate to the mulberry extract is m the range of from 1:80 to 120:1, the weight ratio of retinyl Imoleate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from l:β to 120:1, and the weight ratio of retmyl palmitate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:16 to 6:1. The present invention also includes a cosmetic method of improving or preventing the condition of wrinkled, lined, dry, flaky, aged or photodamaged skm and improving skin thickness, elasticity, flexibility, radiance, glow and plumpness, which method includes applying to the skm the inventive composition. Compositions of the invention are intended for topical application to mammalian skm which is already dry, flaky, lined, wrinkled, aged, photodamaged, or the inventive compositions may be applied prophylactically to reduce the deteriorative changes. Except the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers m this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word "about." All amounts are by weight of the composition, unless otherwise specified. The mulberry extract suitable for use m the present invention is a glycolic extract from the root of white mulberry. White mulberry is also known as Morus alba . The extract may be obtained from Bioland (South Korea) . In general , the amount of the mulberry extract in the inventive compositions is in the range of from 0.001% to 20% by weight of the composition. Preferably, in order to lower cost and maximise the effect, the amount of the mulberry extract is in the range of from 0.01 to 10% and most preferably the range of from 0.1% to 5%. The inventive compositions further comprise a retmoid selected from retinyl acetate, retmyl plamitate and retinyl Imoleate. It has been found that these retmoids act synergistically with the mulberry extract when the retmoid and the mulberry extract are combined in a specific weight ratio; the weight ratio of retmyl acetate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:80 to 120:1, preferably from 1:8 to 12:1, most preferably from 1:8 to 1.2:1; the weight ratio of retinyl Imoleate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:8 to 120:1, preferably from 1:8 to 12:1, most preferably from 1:8 to 1.2:1 and the weight ratio of retmyl palmitate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:16 to 6:1, preferably from 1:8 to 8:1, most preferably from 1:8 to 1.2:1. The composition according to the invention also comprises a cosmetically acceptable vehicle to act as a diluant, dispersant or carrier for the mulberry extract and the retmoid in the composition, so as to facilitate their distribution when the composition is applied to the skm. Vehicles other than, or m addition to water, can include liquid or solid emollients, solvents, humectants, thickeners and powders. An especially preferred non-aqueous carrier is a polydimethyl siloxane and/or a polydimethyl phenyl siloxane. Silicones of this invention may be those with viscosities ranging anywhere from about 2 ° 10 to 10,000,000mm /s (centistokes) at 25 C. Especially desirable are mixtures of low and high viscosity silicones. These silicones are available from the General Electric Company under trademarks Vicasil, SE and SF and from the Dow Corning Company under the 200 and 550 Series. Amounts of silicone which can be utilised in the compositions of this invention range anywhere from 5% to 95%, preferably from 25% to 90% by weight of the composition. The cosmetically acceptable vehicle will usually comprise from 5% to 99.9%, preferably from 25% to 80% by weight of the composition, and may, in the absence of other cosmetic adjuncts, form the balance of the composition. Preferably, the vehicle is at least 80 wt . % water, by weight of the vehicle. Preferably, water comprises at least 50 wt . % of the inventive composition, most preferably from 60 to 80 wt.%, by weight of the composition. The composition may comprise optional skin benefit materials and cosmetic adjuncts. An oil or oily material may be present, together with an emulsifier to provide either a water-in-oil emulsion or an oil-in-water emulsion, depending largely on the average hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the emulsifier employed. The inventive compositions preferably include sunscreens. Sunscreens include those materials commonly employed to block ultraviolet light. Illustrative compounds are the derivatives of PABA, cinnamate and salicylate. For example, octyl methoxycinnamate and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone (also known as oxybenzone) can be used. Octyl methoxycinnamate and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone are commercially available under the trademarks, Parsol MCX and Benzophenone-3 , respectively. The exact amount of sunscreen employed in the emulsions can vary depending upon the degree of protection desired from the sun's UV radiation. Emollients are often incorporated into cosmetic compositions of the present invention. Levels of such emollients may range from 0.5% to 50%, preferably between 5% and 30% by weight of the total composition. Emollients may be classified under such general chemical categories as esters, fatty acids and alcohols, polyols and hydrocarbons. Esters may be mono- or di-esters. Acceptable examples of fatty di-esters include dibutyl adipate, diethyl sebacate, diisopropyl dimerate, and dioctyl succinate. Acceptable branched chain fatty esters include 2-ethyl-hexyl myristate, isopropyl stearate and isostearyl palmitate. Acceptable tribasic acid esters include triisopropyl trilinoleate and trilauryl citrate. Acceptable straight chain fatty esters include lauryl palmitate, myristyl lactate, and stearyl oleate. Preferred esters include coco-caprylate/caprate (a blend of coco-caprylate and coco-caprate) , propylene glycol myristyl ether acetate, diisopropyl adipate and cetyl octanoate . Suitable fatty alcohols and acids include those compounds having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Especially preferred are compounds such as cetyl, myristyl, palmitic and stearyl alcohols and acids. Among the polyols which may serve as emollients are linear and branched chain alkyl polyhydroxyl compounds . For example, propylene glycol, sorbitol and glycerin are preferred. Also useful may be polymeric polyols such as poly-propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol. Butylene and propylene glycol are also especially preferred as penetration enhancers. Exemplary hydrocarbons which may serve as emollients are those having hydrocarbon chains anywhere from 12 to 30 carbon atoms. Specific examples include mineral oil, petroleum jelly, squalene and isoparaffins . Another category of functional ingredients which may be present within the cosmetic compositions of the present invention are thickeners. A thickener will usually be present in amounts ranging from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.5% to 10% by weight of the composition. Exemplary thickeners are cross-linked polyacrylate materials available under the trademark Carbopol from the B.F. Goodrich Company. Gums may be employed such as xanthan, carrageenan, gelatin, karaya, pectin and locust beans gum. Under certain circumstances the thickening function may be accomplished by a material also serving as a silicone or emollient. For instance, silicone gums in excess of 10 centistokes and esters such as glycerol stearate have dual functionality. Powders may be incorporated into the cosmetic composition of the invention. These powders include chalk, talc, kaolin, starch, smectite clays, chemically modified magnesium aluminum silicate, organically modified montmorillonite clay, hydrated aluminum silicate, fumed silica, aluminum starch octenyl succinate and mixtures thereof . Other adjunct minor components may also be incorporated into the cosmetic compositions. These ingredients may include colouring agents, opacifiers and perfumes. Amounts of these other adjunct minor components may range from 0.001% up to 20% by weight of the composition. The composition according to the invention is intended primarily as a product for topical cosmetic application to human skin, especially as an agent for conditioning, moisturising and smoothening the skin, and preventing or reducing the appearance of lined, wrinkled or aged skin. In use, a small quantity of the composition, for example from 1 to 100ml, is applied to exposed areas of the skin, from a suitable container or applicator and, if necessary, it is then spread over and/or rubbed into the skin using the hand or fingers or a suitable device. The topical skin treatment composition of the invention can be formulated as a lotion, a cream or a gel. The composition can be packaged in a suitable container to suit its viscosity and intended use by the consumer. For example, a lotion or cream can be packaged in a bottle or a roll-ball applicator, or a propellant-driven aerosol device or a container fitted with a pump suitable for finger operation. When the composition is a cream, it can simply be stored in a non-defor able bottle or squeeze container, such as a tube or a lidded jar. The composition may also be included in capsules such as those described in U.S. Patent 5,063,507, incorporated by reference herein. The invention accordingly also provides a closed container containing a cosmetically acceptable composition as herein defined. The following specific examples further illustrate the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto. In all examples, resveratrol was obtained from Sigma. Retinoids were obtained from Sigma. The student "t-test" was used to calculate all p-values. EXAMPLES The following methods were employed: (1) Cell culture method: Human adult fibroblasts obtained from the sun-protected inner arm of a 25-30 year female volunteer were used. Cells were grown in 1:1 DMEM/Hams F12 media containing 10% FBS, maintained at 37 °C in a 5% C0 2 atmosphere under normal atmospheric oxygen tension. Third passage adult fibroblasts were grown in DMEM media with 10% FBS in 12 -well plates at a seeding density of 40,000 cells/ml/well. The cells at 80% confluence were rinsed in serum free and phenol red free (PRF) DMEM media twice, pre-treated with phyto-active for 4 hours, dosed with retinoids and incubated for 48 hours. After incubation, the wells were washed twice with IX PBS and the cell monolayer was harvested in lOOμl cell lysis buffer (contains IX PBS, 1% TritonX, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS containing protease inhibitor (lOmg/ml PMSF in isopropanol, 10μl/ml)) . The suspension was spun at 14000rpm for 10 minutes, the supernatant collected and an aliquot of the supernatant used for protein quantification. The protein concentration was determined using a Pierce protein kit. The remainder of the lOOμl of supernatant (cell lysate) was denatured in a mixture of 40μl sample buffer (NOVEX) and 0.5% Beta mercaptoethanol (BME) by boiling the sample for 5 minutes. Equal amounts of protein were then loaded onto 16% Tris-glycine gels for protein analysis by SDS page and Western Immuno-blotting for CRABP-2 protein expression. 3. Detection of Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein 2 (CRABP-2) in fibroblasts and pig skin biopsies: To measure the levels of CRABP-2 in the fibroblast and pig skin extracts prepared as described above, the cell supernatant was re-suspended in 4X sample buffer and 10% BME, boiled for 5 minutes and used for western blotting. Equal amounts of protein were loaded onto 16% Tris-glycine gels for CRABP-2 protein analysis by SDS page and Western Immuno-blotting. The gels were transferred to nitrocellulose blots and Western Blotting was carried out using monoclonal antibodies to CRABP-2 according to standard procedures. The CRABP-2 protein band was visualised in the Western Blots using the chemiluminescence system obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SantaCruz, CA) . The bands in the film were quantified by densitometric scanning, the data from triplicate samples were calculated as a % of the control and expressed in the following tables as % increase over control (with control as 100%) +/-SD of triplicates. 1. Calculations of retinoid: mulberry ratio The mulberry extract used in these studies contains 2% solids. Therefore, 1 μl of mulberry extract added to 1 ml medium in these studies correspond to 0.1% extract X 0.02% solids = 0.002% mulberry solids. 1 μM retinoid corresponds to approximately 500 ug/1 of retinyl ester; which is equivalent to 50 ug/l00 ml or 0.00005% of retinyl esters. Therefore 1 μM retinoid: lμl mulberry extract used in this in vi tro assay system has a ratio of 0.00005 to 0.002 or a ratio of 1:80. The different ratios of retinoids to mulberry used in the in vi tro studies described in this patent application and potential concentrations of retinoids to mulberry to fit this ratio in formulations which can be used in skin care products are shown in Table 1 below. TABLE 1 It can be seen from Table 1 that the ratios cover the useful range of retinoids from 0.007% to 1.2% and the mulberry extract from 0.5% to 8%. Tables 2-10 below show the CRABP-2 expression of fibroblasts in experiments using retmyl linoleate, retmyl palmitate and retinyl acetate with mulberry extract in different ratios from 1:80 (Tables 2,3), 1:16 (Table 4), 1:8 (Table 5), 1:16 (Table 6), 1.2:1 (Table 7), 6:1 (Table 8), 12:1 (Table 9) or 120:1 (Table 10). Table 11 summarises all the data from Tables 2-10. 13 - TABLE 2 1 μM retinyl esters and 1 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 80) TABLE 3 100 nM retinyl esters and 0.1 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 80) TABLE 4 500 nM retinyl esters and 0.1 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 16) TABLE 5 1 μM retinyl esters and 0.1 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 8) TABLE 6 500 nM retinyl esters and 0.01 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 1.6) TABLE 7 100 nM retinyl esters and 0.001 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 1: 0.8 OR 1.2:1) TABLE 8 500 nM retinyl esters and 0.001 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 6:1) TABLE 9 10 μM retinyl esters and 0.01 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 12:1) TABLE 10 10 μM retinyl esters and 0.001 μl mulberry extract (retinoid: mulberry ratio = 120:1) TABLE 11 In summary, retinyl acetate showed synergy with mulberry extract at a ratio of from 1:80 to 120:1 in skin cells. Retinyl linoleate showed synergy from 1:8 to 120:1 and retinyl palmitate showed synergy from ratios 1:16 to 6:1. It should be understood that the specific forms of the invention herein illustrated and described are intended to be representative only. Changes, including but not limited to those suggested in this specification, may be made in the illustrated embodiments without departing from the clear teachings of the disclosure. Accordingly, reference should be made to the following appended claims in determining the full scope of the invention.

Claims: CLAIMS : 1. A cosmetic skin care composition comprising: (i) a glycolic extract of mulberry root in an amount of from 0.00001 to 10 wt.%, (ii) a retinoid selected from retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate and retinyl linoleate, and (iii) a cosmetically acceptable vehicle, wherein the weight ratio of retinyl acetate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:80 to 120:1; the weight ratio of retinyl linoleate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:8 to 120:1; and the weight ratio of retinyl palmitate to the mulberry extract is in the range of from 1:16 to 6:1. 2. A cosmetic method of improving the appearance of wrinkled, lined, dry, flaky, aged or photodamaged skin and improving skin thickness, elasticity, flexibility and plumpness, wherein the method comprises applying the composition of claim 1 to the skin. 3. A cosmetic method of increasing the level of cellular retinoic acid binding protein in the skin fibroblasts, wherein the method comprises applying the composition of claim 1 to the skin.

Inventors: GRANGER STEWART PATON, HARICHIAN BIJAN, MAHAJAN MANISHA NARAYAN, PILLAI SREEKUMAR, POCALYKO DAVID JOSEPH, GRANGER, STEWART, PATON, HARICHIAN, BIJAN, MAHAJAN, MANISHA, NARAYAN, PILLAI, SREEKUMAR, POCALYKO, DAVID, JOSEPH
Applicants: LEVER HINDUSTAN LTD, UNILEVER NV, UNILEVER PLC, HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED
Application year: 2000
Main classification: A61K7
IPC codes: A61K8, A61K36, A61P17, A61P43, A61Q19