Use of Stevia powder for preventing egg shell breakage

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for raising an edible animal, in which a finely pulverized product of a plant tissue of Stevia is added to feed in an amount of 0.5% to 7% by weight, thereby preventing exudation of meat juice from meat of the edible animal, decreasing fat content without turning meat of the edible animal stale, producing DHA-containing meat of the edible animal, or preventing an egg of the fowl (preferably, a hen's egg) from being broken.

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the use according to claim 1. When fowls are raised by the method of the invention, eggs thereof are prevented from being broken. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that Stevia leaves contain strong sweetening components such as stevioside and rebaudioside. On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (TOKU KAI SHO) No. 62-108790 (1987) discloses that addition of a fine Stevia powder in which a Stevia leaf powder was mixed with a Stevia stem powder at a ratio of 10% to 40% to feed for cattle, horse and swine caused production of fatrich, concentrated, good-tasting milk in milk cows. Japanese Examined Patent Publication (TOKU KO HEI) No. 7-13022 discloses medicines containing as active principles fermented, concentrated solutions extracted from Stevia stems for treating disorders of digestive organs of domestic animals and for improving physical conditions thereof, which treat adaptive diseases, oligopepsia, hyperacidity, diarrhoea, loose feces, gingivostomatitis, constipation and intestinal disorders, increase digestion and appetite, and improve hair gloss, meat quality, milk quality, estrus and occurrence of menstruation, by drinking. As materials to be added to feed, fermented Stevia solutions have been used, active principles of which have been extracted from stems of Stevia with boiling water and fermented over a period of half a year or more. This takes a lot of labor and time, naturally resulting in an increase in cost to cause unsuitable use as feed for industrial animals. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Then, finely pulverized products of the whole plant tissues of Stevia including stems and leaves have been studied. The studies have revealed the effect not taught in the prior art of preventing egg breakage of a fowl, preferably of a hen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present inventor has discovered the fact that exudation of meat juice is reduced in the state of edible meat taken out and the taste thereof is also improved, by adding a dried, finely pulverized product of a plant tissue of Stevia to feed for hatchery fishes and domestic animals such as cattle, horse and swine in an amount of 10% by weight or less, preferably 2% to 3% by weight, together with an organic acid being added to the finely pulverized Stevia product. This phenomenon has been observed in domestic animal meat, but also in fish meat. That is to say, exudation of meat juice form the resulting fish meat has also been reduced by raising fishes, giving feed for hatchery fishes containing a dried, finely pulverized product of a plant tissue of Stevia. Domestic animal meat having low fat content can be obtained without turning the meat stale. Further, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) has been detected from the domestic animal meat obtained by the invention. There is no precedent that DHA is detected from meat of domestic animals such as swine. Previously, 10% to 15% of eggs have been broken until eggshells are solidified after fowls have laid the eggs. This is a serious loss to the poultry raising industry. Accordingly, calcium-rich feed is given for reducing the breaking ratio of eggs. However, calcium metabolism does not catch up to egg production in the present state that the egg production rate is increased to near the extreme limit. There is therefore a limit on a decrease in the breaking ratio of eggs. Even if a large amount of a calcium ingredient is added to feed, it does not contribute to a decrease in the breaking ratio of eggs when added in an amount exceeding a certain value. It has therefore been considered that he physiology of hens can not be adapted to the present mass egg production with respect to the calcium ingredient. However, when the edible animals are raised, giving the feed to which the fine powder of Stevia is added, the breaking ratio of eggs has successfully been reduced to 2% to 3% without decreasing the number of laid eggs. Although the active principles of the finely pulverized products of Stevia used in the invention are not specified, they are considered to have a function of enhancing calcium metabolism, deducing from the effect. Stevia used as a raw material in the invention is a perennial plant of Compositae (Asteraceae), which is native to South America and called Stevia · Rebaudiana · Bertoni, and includes its relative plants. Experiments have indicated that the active principles are contained in grown plant tissues, preferably in the whole plant tissues before bearing of buds, and particularly much contained in stems and leaves. The active principles are also contained in roots and young plants, in which they are contained in an amount of about 1/5 to about 1/10 the weight of stems. For obtaining the finely pulverized products of Stevia, portions above the ground of grown Stevia, preferably Stevia before bearing of buds, are harvested, dried and finely pulverized. There is no limitation on the method for drying and finely pulverizing them, as long as they are dried without being exposed to the rain or dew. In general, stems are separated from leaves and cut. The stems and the leaves are finely pulverized separately. A method of finely pulverizing them after drying is generally efficient. They are dried to a water content of 12% or less, preferably 10.5% or less, and finely pulverized to a particle size of 100 µm or less, preferably 50µm or less. In general, smaller particle size results in effective utilization of the active principle. For easy handling, the fine powder may be granulated to granules. When an organic acid is added to the fine Stevia powder thus obtained, the effects are more heightened. The organic acids include lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malic acid and propionic acid. Although cattle and horse are herbivorous animals, there is recently a tendency to give high-fat feed to them in a state the feed does not load the rumen, such as rumen bypass, for accelerating the growth of them. When the finely pulverized products of the plant tissues of Stevia are used, they are added to feed for fowls. Although the amount of the fine Stevia powder used varies depending on the kind of animal, the degree of growth and the purpose, it is generally from 0.5% to 7% by weight, and preferably from 1% to 5% by weight, based on feed. Less than 0.5% by weight results in insufficient exhibition of the effects of the fine Stevia powder, whereas exceeding 7% by weight lead to no observation of the effects proportional to the amount of the fine Stevia powder added. EXAMPLE 1 (Production of Stevia Powder) Portions over the ground of Stevia before bearing of buds were harvested. They are air dried, and stems were separated from leaves. The stems were cut, further air dried, and placed in a pulverizer equipped with a rotary cutter to pulverize them. Only one-step treatment in the pulverizer could not give fine particles sufficiently pulverized, so that two-step pulverizing treatment was conducted in this example to obtain a finely pulverized product having a particle size of 20 µm to 30 µm. The leaves were finely pulverized in the pulverizer equipped with the rotary cutter after separation from the stem. The finely pulverized products of the stems and the leaves were mixed so as to give a stem:leaf weight ratio of about 8:2. EXAMPLE 2 (Raising of Hens for Egg Production) Chickens were raised. Chickens begin to lay eggs about 120 days after birth. Accordingly, from that time, each of the chickens was raised in a cage in a state where it was hardly movable. An egg collecting chute having a length of about 25 cm and slightly inclined was disposed under its caudal ovipositor, and a belt conveyer was installed under the chute, thereby collecting eggs. As an experimental plot, 48 chickens were used, and 2.8% by weight of the Stevia powder of the invention was added to usual feed in which corn, wheat and various vitamins were compounded. The calcium content of this feed was 3.1 wt.% calculated as CaO. The chickens each laid one egg per day in average. However, some chickens each laid one egg per 2 days. The breaking ratio of eggs was 2.873% on the average for 3 days. The chickens during egg production each ate 110 g per day of the feed on average. For comparison, 59 chickens of the same kind were raised and allowed to lay eggs in the same manner as described above with the exception that no Stevia powder was added to the feed. For the egg laying rate, no significant difference was observed between both. However, The breaking ratio of eggs was 12.35% on the average for 3 days. The effect of the invention is also observed for eggs of quails and other fowls.

Claims: A use of a finely pulverized product of a plant tissue of Stevia for preventing an egg of the fowl from being broken by being added to feed in an amount of o.5% to 7% by weight when raising a fowl. The use according to claim 1, wherein the egg of the fowl is a hen's egg. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dried, finely pulverized product of a plant tissue of Stevia contains an organic acid being added to said finely pulverized Steria product.

Inventors: SATO MINORU, SATO NAOHIKO, SATO, MINORU, SATO, NAOHIKO
Applicants: SATO NAOHIKO, SATO, NAOHIKO
Application year: 2000
Main classification: A23K1
IPC codes: A23K1