SYSTEM TO MONITOR CONDITIONS IN A FLUID-CONTAINING MEMBER AND METHOD TO MONITORING SAID CONDITIONS

Abstract: Valve assembly including an inner valve (206) and an outer valve (301) that cooperate to control the fluid flow in fluid-containing member such as a vehicle tire. The outer valve cooperates with the inner valve to control the flow of fluid in and out of the fluid-containing member. The valve assembly includes an energy source (4) such as a battery between the two valves. During normal operation, the outer valve is closed and prevents the flow of fluid out of the fluid-containing member. If the outer valve is opened, the inner valve is also open to permit the fluid flow in the fluid-containing member. If the energy source is removed, the inner valve is closed and prevents fluid flow out of the fluid-containing member. The energy source can be conveniently replaced without deflating or dismantling the fluid-containing member. The valve assembly and energy source are typically part of an electric circuit that can be mounted on a support plate that is attached to the base of the inner valve.

Description: SYSTEM TO MONITOR CONDITIONS IN A FLUID-CONTAINING MEMBER AND METHOD TO MONITORING SAID CONDITIONS FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a system for monitoring various conditions of fluid-containing members, particulary inflatable members such as vehicle tires. More particularly, this invention pertains to monitoring systems that include a valve assembly that controls fluid flow into or out of the fluid-containing member and contains an energy source that is accessible without deflating or dismantling the fluid-containing member. The invention also relates to a method to operate said system intended to sample said various monitored conditions and to transmit a warning signal to a remote point for receiving data communications and for displaying information obtained from said data communications about the detected irregularity in any of said monitored conditions. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known that various conditions of vehicle tires should be monitored to enhance the safety, comfort, and economy of driving the vehicle. Such conditions include the internal temperature and pressure, the wear of the tread, and the expiration date assigned by the manufacturer. Several systems to monitor conditions such as pressure in vehicle tires have been disclosed in the prior art. Two types of such systems have been described in U.S. 4,609,905. The first type is the direct reading of fluid pressure in a tire wherein sealed rotating fittings or electrical slip rings are used in the interface between the wheel and the vehicle body. A second type is the transmission of fluid pressure information through an inductive or magnetic coupling. A third type is the use of radio frequency transmitters and receivers which use radio waves to communicate data between the vehicle tire and the driver in the vehicle. The radio frequency transmitter is typically affixed to each vehicle tire and operates in conjunction with a receiver located on the vehicle body. The transmitter is preferably inside the tire to avoid being exposed to damage from weather and physical shock. Regardless of its location, the transmitter requires electrical energy for its operation. The energy source is typically a battery. Since the transmitter is located inside the tire, the replacement of any energy source within the transmitter requires the inconvenience of dismounting the tire from the vehicle, deflating the tire and removing the rubber section from the rim section. This problem has been addressed in several ways in the prior art. Monitoring systems in which the energy source is located outside the vehicle tire as part of the transmitter are disclosed in GB 2279169 and WO 91 /04874. However, such systems are susceptible to damage from weather, dirt, and physical shocks. Other systems with energy sources inside the tire are designed to use minimal amounts of electrical energy to extend the useful life of the energy source. However, energy sources such as batteries typically last less than twelve months even with long periods of low or no activity. If the energy source fails prematurely, replacement requires dismounting the tire from the vehicle and deflating the tire. The problem of providing electrical energy to an electrical device inside the tire by means of a conveniently replaced energy source has not been solved by the systems of the prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve assembly that controls the fluid flow into or out of a fluid-containing member, particularly inflatable members such as a tire. The valve assembly includes an energy source that is conveniently accessed without dismounting the tire from the vehicle or deflating the tire. At the same time, the energy source is protected against weather, dirt or other hazards. The valve assembly can also include an electrical device such as a transmitter that can be positioned inside the fluid-containing member. The valve assembly according to the present invention includes two valve sections, an inner valve section and an outer valve section that cooperate to control the flow of a fluid into or out of a fluid-containing member such as a vehicle tire. The inner valve section controls the flow of fluid in and out of the fluid-containing member at or near the entry point of the fluid. The outer valve section is outside the fluid-containing member. The outer valve section cooperates with the inner valve section to control the fluid flow in and out of the fluid- containing member. The valve assembly of the present invention is typically part of an electric circuit that can be mounted on a support plate that can be part of or attached to the base of the inner valve section. An preferred embodiment of the valve assembly includes a transmitter module as part of the electric circuit. The transmitter module can be mounted on a support plate that is part of or attached to the base of the inner valve. More particularly, the present invention relates to a valve assembly that includes a main body member having a passageway extending there through, an outer body member having a passageway extending there through and which is connected to a first section of the main body member, an insulating member having a passageway extending there through and which is connected to a second section of main body member. The passageways of the main body member, outer body member and insulating member cooperate to define a continuous passageway for fluid flow wherein the insulating member includes an inner valve that engages the insulating member so as to control fluid flow into or out of the continuous passageway and the outer body member includes an outer valve that engages said outer body member so as to control fluid flow into or out of the continuous passageway. The valve assembly according to the present invention can also contain an electrical energy source operatively connected to the inner valve and the outer valve. The inner valve and the outer valve cooperate with the energy source to form an electrical circuit. During normal use of the valve assembly according to the present invention there is no change in the procedure for adding or removing fluid currently employed with valves that are well known in the art. Unlike known valves, the valve assembly of the present invention also permits the user to remove and replace the energy source without emptying or dismantling the fluid-containing member. A system for monitoring conditions inside a fluid-containing member such as a tire includes the valve assembly according to the present invention, an energy source, a transmitter module located inside the fluid-containing member for transmitting signals related to various conditions and a receiver module for receiving transmission of the signals from the transmitter module for communicating information to the user regarding the various conditions inside the fluid-containing member. The valve assembly according to the present invention permits convenient removal and replacement of the energy source without disturbing the fluid state in the fluid-containing member. There is no the need to empty, open, or dismantle the fluid-containing member in order to replace the energy source. This is particularly convenient when the fluid- containing member is a vehicle tire. By being located between the valve components, energy source is protected from hazards such as water, dirt, and physical forces. The diameter of the energy source is such that fluid flows around the energy source. When the valve assembly is used in a tire, the energy source can be replaced without deflating the tire or even dismounting the tire from the vehicle. The inner valve seals the air inside the tire when the energy source is removed. Once the energy source is replaced, the outer valve again seals the air inside the tire. These advantages are achieved while adhering to ISO standards for car tire valves and permitting normal procedures typically performed by the user. Even though the valve assembly contains the energy source, the valve assembly complies with ISO standards for valve dimensions in car tires. The tire can be filled or deflated by typical means such as an air pump since the inner valve is opened when the outer valve is opened. The fluid flows around the energy source, through the open inner valve, and into the tire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of the valve assembly on a fluid-containing member such as a vehicle tire. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the valve assembly shown in FIG. 1 . FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the valve assembly of FIG. 1 on a fluid-containing member such as a vehicle tire. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a transmitter module. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a receiver module. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main module. FIG. 7 is a transversal cross-section of the rubber section of a vehicle tire with a device to detect the wear of the tread of the tire and a device to signal the expiration date of the tire. FIG. 8 is an elevational view of a T-wrench for use with the valve assembly of FIG. 1 . FIG. 9 is a cross-section of the elongated member of the T-wrench shown in FIG. 8. The general operating mode of the transmitter module of FIG. 4, according to the method proposed in this invention is represented by the flow diagram in FIG. 10. FIG. 1 1 is a flow diagram chart describing the general operating mode of the receiver module of FIG. 5, as per the present invention. FIG. 12 is a flow diagram chart which detail the updating of a matrix in a memory unit of the receiver module of the transmitted data being stored in said matrix during a particular period allowing to be retrieved at a later moment to determine tire conditions during that period. FIG. 13 is a flow diagram chart which describes the battery condition management performed by the microcontroller of the transmitter module of Fig. 4. FIG. 1 4 is a flow diagram chart describing the management of a screen of a display device of the main module of Fig. 6. FIG. 15 is a flow diagram chart describing the management of an input device such as the keyboard of the main module depictured in Fig. 6. FIGS. 1 5a to 1 5 c correspond to flow diagrams expanding the procedures "up", "down" and "input" of the right side of FIG. 15. FIG. 16 is a flow diagram chart describing the management of the alarm control unit included in the microcontroller of the main module of FIG. 6. FIGS. 1 7a to 1 7c show several different indications which can be observed on a screen of a display device included in the main module of the FIG. 6. And FIG. 1 7d illustrates said screen while an operation of adjusting the limit pressures, in this example of the front tires. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The valve assembly according to the present invention includes two valves, an inner valve and an outer valve that cooperate to control the flow of a fluid in or out of a fluid- containing member, particularly inflatable members such as a vehicle tire. Hereafter, reference will be made to an inflatable member but the fluid-containing member is not limited to inflatable members. The inner valve is partially inside the inflatable member and controls the flow of fluid in and out of the inflatable member. The outer valve is outside the inflatable member. The outer valve cooperates with the inner valve to control the flow of fluid in and out of the inflatable member. During normal operation, the valve assembly has a removable energy source such as a battery between the two valves. The two valves are not in direct contact with each other. During normal operation of the valve assembly, the outer valve is closed and prevents the flow of fluid out of the inflatable member. When the outer valve is opened, the inner valve is also open to permit the flow of fluid into or out of the inflatable member. The inner valve also controls the flow of fluid in response to the absence of the energy source. When the energy source is removed, the inner valve component closes and prevents flow of fluid out of the inflatable member. The valve assembly according to the present invention permits convenient removal and replacement of the energy source without disturbing the fluid state in the inflatable member. There is no the need to deflate or otherwise dismantle the inflatable member in order to replace the energy source. This is particularly convenient when the inflatable member is a vehicle tire. By being located between the valve components, energy source is protected from hazards such as water, dirt, and physical forces. The energy source in the valve assembly can be replaced without deflating the tire or even dismounting the tire from the vehicle. The inner valve seals the air inside the tire when the energy source is removed. Once the energy source is replaced, the outer valve again seals the air inside the tire. The tire can be readily filled or deflated in the normal manner since the inner valve is opened when the outer valve is opened. The valve assembly according to the invention is typically part of an electric circuit that can be mounted on a support plate that can be attached to the base of the inner valve. An advantageous embodiment of the valve assembly includes a transmitter module as the electric circuit mounted on the support plate that is part of or attached to the base of the inner valve. The valve assembly according to the present invention that includes an energy source and a transmitter module can be used together with a receiver module, and a main module to form a system for monitoring the conditions inside an inflatable member such as a vehicle tire. The transmitter module is typically an electric circuit for transmitting data via radio waves. The transmitter module can also include sensors such as pressure and temperature sensors. The transmitter module is located inside the inflatable member and obtains data on conditions therein via the sensors. The data is then transmitted to a receiver module. The receiver module is a radio frequency receiving and data processing unit that receives and processes data received from the transmitter module. The resulting data is sent to a main module connected to the receiving module. The main module is a unit that receives and processes data from the receiver module. The resulting information is displayed for review by the user such as the driver of a vehicle. VALVE ASSEMBLY As shown in FIG.s 1 and 2, valve assembly ( 1 ) includes a main body member (200) that can be a tubular body having an outer end (203) and base end (204). Passageway (201 ) is the bore of main body member (200) and permits fluid flow such as air flow through main body member (200). Inner valve (206) and outer valve (301 ) are at opposite ends of passageway (201 ). Energy source (4) is shown as a cylindrical battery in passageway (201 ) between the inner valve (206) and the outer valve (301 ). As shown in FIG.s 1 and 2, the base (202) of main body member (200) can have a larger diameter than the rest of main body member (200). The base (202) is positioned inside inflatable member ( 100) that can be a vehicle tire. Base (202) cooperates with a nut (213) to secure the valve assembly ( 1 ) to the inflatable member ( 100). A groove (21 1 ) containing an annular ring (212) prevents fluid leaks between the top edge of the base (202) and the inflatable member ( 100). The nut (21 3) contains tool indents (214) adapted to hold corresponding parts of a T-wrench (60) shown in FIG.s 8 and 9 that can be used to remove the nut (213) from the main body member (200). Insulating member (205) can be a tubular body and is positioned inside the passageway (201 ) at the base (202) of the main body member (200). The insulating member (205) is made from electrically non-conductive material so that it insulates the main body member (200) from electrical contact with the inner valve (206). Inner valve (206) as shown in FIG.s 1 and 2 can be a known plunger-type valve that controls fluid flow such as air at the base end (204) of the main body member (200). The inner valve (206) is secured inside the bore of the insulating member (205). The inner valve (206) includes an inner valve cylinder (207) an inner plunger head (208) and an inner plunger shaft (209). Inner valve cylinder (207) is secured in the bore of the insulating member (205) and contains the inner plunger shaft (209). The inner plunger shaft (209) can be in contact with the positive terminal of the energy source (4). The other end of the inner plunger shaft (209) is connected to the inner plunger head (208) that is outside the inner valve cylinder. A spring (210) is wrapped around the section of the inner plunger shaft (209) that extends outside of the inner valve cylinder (207) and is in contact with the energy source. The normal action of the spring (210) absent any external force, moves the inner plunger shaft (209) so that the inner plunger head (208) seals the inner valve cylinder (207) thus preventing flow of fluid out of the tire. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the energy source (4) in the valve assembly ( 1 ) exerts force on the inner valve plunger shaft (209) so that the inner plunger head (208) does not seal the inner valve cylinder (207). in this way, the inner valve (206) is at least partially open as shown in FIG. 1. Outer body member (300) can be a tubular body and is connected to the outer end (203) of the main body member (200). Outer valve (301 ) as shown in FIG.s 1 and 2 can also be a known plunger-type valve that controls fluid flow at the outer end (203) of the main body member (200). The outer valve (301 ) is secured inside the bore of the outer body member (300). The outer valve (301 ) can be identical to the inner valve (206). The outer valve (301 ) includes an outer valve cylinder (302) an outer plunger head (303) and an outer plunger shaft (304). Outer valve cylinder (302) is secured in the bore of the outer body member (300) and contains the outer plunger shaft (304). The outer plunger shaft (304) is connected to the outer plunger head (303) that is outside the outer valve cylinder. The outer plunger head (303) is in contact with the negative terminal of the energy source (4). A spring (305) is wrapped around the section of the outer plunger shaft (304) that extends outside of the outer valve cylinder (302). The normal action of the spring (210) moves the outer plunger shaft (304) so that the outer plunger head (303) seals the outer valve cylinder (302) thus preventing flow of fluid in or out of the passageway of the main body member (200). As shown in FIG.s 1 and 2, the outer body member (300) has tool indents (308) adapted to hold corresponding parts of a tool (60) shown in FIG.s 8 and 9 that is used to conveniently remove the outer body member (300) from the main body member (200). There is also a groove (306) inside the outer body member (300) that contains an annular ring (307) to prevent fluid leaks around the top edge of the main body member (200). A valve cap (310) and washer (309) for the outer end of the outer body member (300) are also shown in FIG. 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG.s 1 , 2, and 3, the inner valve (206) the outer valve (301 ) the main body member (200) and the outer body member (300) are all made from electrically conductive material. During normal operation of the valve assembly ( 1 ) as shown in FIG. 1 , the inner valve (206) is in contact with the positive terminal of the energy source (4). The inner plunger head (208) is also connected to an electrically conductive member (21 ) such as a flexible metal band or metal spring. The outer valve (301 ) is in contact with the negative terminal of the energy source (4). The electrical energy from the energy source (4) goes through the outer valve (301 ) the outer body member (300) and the main body member (200). The base (202) is connected to a second electrically conductive member (22) that can also be a flexible metal band or metal spring. An electric circuit is formed by the connection of the electrically conductive members (21 ) and (22). As show in FIG. 1 , the insulating member (205) prevents direct electrical contact between the inner valve (206) and the main body member (200). In another embodiment of the invention, the support plate (5) can be made from an electrically conductive material and form part of the electrical circuit through direct contact with base (202) of the main body member (200). When additional fluid such as air is added to the tire using conventional air pumps, the outer plunger shaft (304) is moved toward the inside passageway (201 ) and in turn moves the outer plunger head (303) and the energy source (4) toward the base (202) of the main body member (200). Movement of the energy source (4) also moves the inner plunger shaft (209) and inner plunger head (208) so that the inner valve (206) is opened even further than it was without the external force of the air pump. The air is thus able to freely flow into the outer valve (301 ) through passageway (201 ) around energy source (4) and through inner valve (206) and into the inflatable member ( 100). An important advantage of the valve assembly ( 1 ) according to the present invention is the convenient manner in which the energy source (4) can be removed and replaced without deflating or otherwise disturbing the inflatable member itself. In the case of a tire, there is no need to dismount the tire from the vehicle or deflate the tire to replace the energy source (4). The energy source (4) can be accessed by first removing the outer body member (300) containing the outer valve (301 ) from the main body member (200). When the energy source (4) is removed, it no longer exerts any force on the inner plunger shaft (209). The normal action of the spring (210) moves the inner plunger shaft (209) toward the outer end (203) of the main body. The inner plunger head (208) thus forms a seal with the edge of the inner valve cylinder (207). Thus, even though the outer valve has been removed to access the energy source, the inner valve (206) prevents fluid from flowing out of the inflatable member. The replacement energy source is then inserted into the passageway (201 ) and the outer body member (300) is re-connected to the outer end of the main body member (200). The valve assembly ( 1 ) shown in FIG. 1 returns to its normal operating condition in which the outer valve (301 ) is closed and the energy source (4) cooperates with the inner valve (206) to keep the inner valve at least partially open. The removal of the outer body member (300) or the nut (213) can be conveniently accomplished by using the T-wrench (60) shown in FIG.S 8 and 9. As shown in FIG.s 8 and 9, T-wrench (60) includes elongated member (62) having an enlarged upper section (69) and an enlarged lower section (68). Section (69) includes passageway (64) for receiving cylindrical member (65). Section (68) includes a plurality of protrusions (66). T-wrench (60) can include cover members (67) which are adapted for placement onto the end portions of cylindrical member (65). During use of the T-wrench, protrusions (66) engage tool indents (308) located on the outer body member (300) and tool indents (214) located on the nut (213). The cylindrical member (65) can be magnetized to facilitate removal of the energy source (4) from the valve assembly ( 1 ). The energy source (4) that is typically used in the valve assembly ( 1 ) of the present invention can be a series of batteries that provide enough current to operate the components of the electrical circuit formed by the battery and the valve assembly ( 1 ). The total diameter of the energy source 4 is typically at least about 0.3 mm smaller than the diameter of passageway (201 ) to permit adequate fluid flow around energy source 4. The two-part design of the valve assembly ( 1 ) permits convenient adjustment of the length of the passageway containing the battery. From a practical viewpoint, the passageway can be lengthened up to 25 mm if desired. The passageway (201 ) can also be enlarged up to 8.7 mm in diameter if desired. It is particularly advantageous that adjustments can be made without changing the overall dimensions of the valve assembly which comply with the ISO standards for dimensions of valves for car tires. A possible energy source can be a series or sequence of three commercially available batteries wherein each battery is 1.4 volt, 230 mA/hour with a diameter of 7.8 mm and 5.4 mm high. The battery sequence typically has a covering material over all of the batteries. A three battery sequence, including the covering material, typically has an outer diameter of 7.8 mm and a height of 16.2 mm. Such a three battery sequence has a potential difference of 4.2 V and an electric charge of 230 mA/hour. If the valve assembly ( 1 ) is used in a system for monitoring the condition of vehicle tires and the vehicle is used about 4 hours a day, such a sequence of batteries can last up to 2 years. Another possible series or sequence of batteries is a series or sequence of four commercially available batteries wherein each battery is 1.4 volt, 130 mA/hour with a diameter of 7.9 mm and 3.6 mm high. Such a four battery sequence has a potential difference of 5.6 V and an electric charge of 130 mA/hour. It is advantageous to make the shape of the battery such that the end inserted into the valve assembly ( 1 ) has a different shape relative to the other end of the battery in order to ensure that the correct end of the battery is inserted into the valve assembly ( 1 ). In FIG. 1, the energy source (4) has a tapered end (24) and the upper section (23) of the insulating member (205) is shaped to fit the tapered end (24). The tapered end (24) of the energy source makes contact with the inner valve (206) only by fitting into the upper section (23). The opposite end of the energy source is not tapered. Therefore, if the untapered end were inserted into passageway (201 ) the energy source would not fit into the upper section (23) of the insulating member (205) and would not make contact with the inner valve (206). The user is quickly alerted to the incorrect orientation of the energy source and would make the appropriate correction. VALVE ASSEMBLY INCLUDING THE TRANSMITTER MODULE The valve assembly ( 1 ) according to the present invention and the energy source (4) can be used to provide electrical energy to an electrical device, circuit, or chip connected to the electrically conductive members (21 ) and (22) as illustrated in FIG.s 1 and 3. As shown in the embodiment of the valve assembly ( 1 ) in FIG. 1 , the outer valve (301 ) outer body member (300) the inner valve (206), and main body member (200) cooperate with energy source (4) to form an electrical circuit. Suitable electrical devices, circuits, or chips can be selected from those that are commercially available such as those described in the National Semiconductor Handbook and other handbooks that are known in the electronics field. The electrical device, circuit, or chip can be mounted on a support plate (5) that can be part of or attached to base (202) of the main body member (200). In a particularly preferred embodiment, a transmitter module (6) is connected to the electrically conductive members (21 ) and (22) so that it is part of the electrical circuit formed by the valve assembly ( 1 ) and energy source (4). The transmitter module (6) can be mounted on support plate (5) that can be a part of or attached to base (202) of main body member (200) as shown in FIG.s 1 and 3. When the valve assembly (1 ) is attached to an inflatable member ( 100) such as a tire, the base (202) and the transmitter module (6) are inside the inflatable member (100). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and 3, the support plate (5) is also inside inflatable member ( 100). During normal operation of tire, while the vehicle is in motion, the base (202) support plate (5) and transmission module 6 are subject to strong centrifugal forces. Therefore, it is important that the main member (200) and base (202) are securely fastened to the wheel section of the tire. Likewise, it is important that support plate (5) is actually a part of the main body member (200) or is securely attached to the base (202) of the main body member (200) to prevent separation of the support plate (5). The support plate (5) can be welded onto the base (202) as a secure means of attachment. A block diagram of the transmitter module (6) is shown in FIG. 4. The transmitter module is an electrical circuit that includes a pressure sensor (7) and a temperature sensor (8) a microcontroller ( 13) and a radio frequency transmitter (14) that receive electrical energy from energy source (4). The pressure sensor (7) is typically an electrical device that measures the fluid pressure in an inflatable member such as a tire. Such devices are know in the art, for example, U.S. 4804808, U.S. 4823107, U.S. 48931 10, U.S. 5071259, U.S. 5140851 , U.S. 5193387, U.S. 5297424, U.S. 5573610, U.S. 5656993, GB 21 71 548, DE 2656235, DE 19522486, and FR 2225300, all herein incorporated by reference. The temperature sensor (8) is typically an electrical device that measures the temperature inside the inflatable member such as a tire. Such devices are also known in the art, for example, U.S. 4823107, U.S. 48931 10, U.S. 5071259, U.S. 51 40851 , U.S. 5193387, U.S. 5297424, U.S. 5573610, and U.S. 5656993 all herein incorporated by reference. The radio frequency transmitter ( 14) is also known in the art, for example, a radio frequency transmitter such as those disclosed in U.S. 3533063 and U.S. 4737760. Such transmitters are described in the above mentioned National Semiconductor Handbook. Microcontroller ( 13) controls the energy consumption and signal transmission of the transmitter module (6) according to a method with will be following detailed mainly with reference to FIGS. 10, 13 and 1 7c of the attached drawings. Microcontrollers suitable for use in the transmitter module (6) are known in the art and are commercially available. The block diagram in FIG. 4 shows a transmitter module (6) that is particularly suitable for use in a valve assembly that contains a battery as the energy source and is used in a vehicle tire. The transmitter module (6) can be used to monitor the pressure and temperature conditions inside the vehicle tire. Such a transmitter module (6) can include additional electrical devices or circuits that are known in the electronics field such as a pressure data conditioner circuit (9) a temperature data conditioner circuit ( 10) a pressure data analog/digital converter ( 1 1 ) and a temperature data analog/digital converter (12). The transmitter module (6) can also include other known devices such as battery charging device ( 1 7) a tire wear detector (1 8) a tire expiration detector ( 19) and a wheel movement detector (20). The pressure sensor (7) and the temperature sensor (8) measure the pressure and temperature conditions inside the tire. The pressure data is communicated from the sensor (7) to the pressure data conditioner circuit (9) where the data is conditioned and then communicated to the pressure data analog/digital converter ( 1 1 ) to convert the analog pressure data to digital form. Likewise, the temperature data is communicated from the sensor (8) to the temperature data conditioner circuit ( 10) where the data is conditioned and then communicated to the temperature data analog/digital converter ( 12) to convert the analog temperature data to digital form. The analog/digital converters ( 1 1 ) and (12) send the digital pressure and temperature data to the microcontroller ( 13). The microcontroller ( 13) adds an identification code for each tire on the vehicle to the pressure/temperature data received from that particular tire. The identification code associates the pressure/temperature data with a particular tire and avoids interference from signals transmitted by similar transmitter modules on other vehicles. The microcontroller ( 13) can be programmed to operate in a manner that minimizes energy consumption to increase the useful life of the battery as per the cited monitoring method mainly illustrated in FIG. 10 of the drawings and later described in further detail. In one embodiment, the microcontroller ( 13) is programmed to go into low energy consumption mode when a preprogrammed period of time has passed since the last receipt of data transmission. In a particularly preferred embodiment for reduction of energy consumption, the transmitter module (6) includes a wheel (tire) movement detector (20) that is capable of distinguishing between a stationary and moving vehicle. Such detectors are known in the art, for example, WO 96/06747 herein incoφorated by reference. A suitable wheel movement detector (20) can be either a system that includes a mercury bulb or a system that includes a magnetized double sheetlet of metal. The wheel movement detector (20) transmits signals to the microcontroller ( 1 3) that indicate whether the vehicle is stationary or moving. The microcontroller ( 1 3) is programmed to go into low energy consumption mode if the vehicle is stopped for a pre-programmed period of time. When the wheel movement detector (20) detects that the vehicle is in motion, it sends a signal to microcontroller ( 1 3) so that microcontroller ( 1 3) can go into the normal energy consumption mode for normal operation. The tire wear detector ( 18) is typically placed in the rubber section ( 101 ) of a vehicle tire as shown in FIG. 7. Tire wear detectors are known in the art and typically are wire terminals that are located at a particular depth with respect to the outer surface of the tread of a new tire. When the tread has been worn to the particular depth of the wire terminal, a signal is sent to the microcontroller ( 13). The tire expiration detector ( 19) can also be inserted into the rubber section ( 101 ) of the tire as shown in FIG. 7. Tire expiration detectors are known in the art and typically include a clock that has its own battery. The tire expiration detector (19) can be programmed to send a signal to the microcontroller ( 1 3) at a set date that is considered the expiration date of the tire. The battery charging device (1 7) can also be a part of the transmitter module (6) shown in FIG. 4. Such charging devices are known in the art. A suitable battery charging device ( 1 7) is a rotor that converts rotating motion into electrical energy. The electrical energy that is generated can be used to charge the battery that is used as the energy source (4) inside the valve assembly ( 1 ) . RECEIVER MODULE The valve assembly according to the present invention can be advantageously used as part of the known systems for monitoring conditions such as pressure and temperature inside a vehicle tire. A particulary advantageous system includes the valve assembly ( 1 ) with transmitter module (6) and a receiver module that is capable of receiving and processing data transmitted by the transmitter module (6). Receivers suitable for use as receiver modules are known in the art, for example, U.S. 4734674, U.S. 5573610, European Patent Appl. 671 289, and WO 90/001 19, all herein incorporated by reference. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a receiver module (30) that can be used with valve assembly ( 1 ) and transmitter module (6) in a system for monitoring conditions in a vehicle tire. The receiver module (30) includes a radio frequency receiver (31 ) a control bus (33) and a microcontroller (34). The radio frequency receiver (31 ) received signals transmitted by a transmitter module such as the transmitter module (6) of FIG. 4. Commercially available receivers such as R.F. Solutions RX1 -XXA are suitable for use in receiver module (30). The signals are transmitted to the microcontroller (34) for processing. The microcontroller (34) is an integrated chip designed to control the receiver module. The microcontroller (34) performs the logical control of the receiver module (30). Known microcontrollers can be used in receiver module (30). The microcontroller (34) can also include a decoder (35) a code checking and data filter (36) a control bus transmitter (37) and a control bus receiver (38) whose functions can be performed by either a software algorithm programmed in the microcontroller (34) or by means of an electrical circuit. The functions are typically performed by known software algorithms. The decoder (35) decodes serial data that is received by the receiver module (30). The code checking and data filter (36) checks whether the codes in the signals match the stored identification codes of the tires in the system. The control bus transmitter (37) and control bus receiver (38) establish communication with the control bus (33). The control bus (33) is known and is typically a physical connection of wires or cable. A particularly useful control bus for cars is commercially available in Europe from BOSCH and is known as bus CAN (for Controller Area Network) and is comprised of two cables and a microcontroller. The microcontroller (34) can also include an embedded memory unit (32) such as EEPROM memory that stores the identification code for each vehicle tire. Known memory units such as Microchip 12CE5XX can be used. The microcontroller (34) uses the stored identification code to associate data received by the receiver module (30) with a particular tire being monitored by the system. This ability to associate data with tires in the system avoids interference from signals transmitted by transmitter modules on other vehicles. The total number of receiver modules (30) in the system depends upon specific factors such as the length of the vehicle, the transmitting distance of the transmitter module, and legal restrictions on radio wave transmission. The range of typical radio frequency transmitters suitable for the system described herein is about 15 m so a normal car can have only one receiver module. Typically, longer vehicles such as trucks with large trailers require more than one receiver module. However, the range of a transmitter can be increased by using a larger battery which is possible with the valve assembly according to the present invention. Therefore, it is possible to use only one receiver module on longer vehicles with appropriately sized batteries. Possible legal restrictions on radio transmissions in the future may mean that the range of the transmissions will be limited so that a receiver module is needed for each tire or for each axle (front, rear or intermediate). When more than one receiver module (30) is used, the receiver modules are connected with each other by control bus (33). MAIN MODULE FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main module (40) that is connected to the receiver module (30) typically by means of a cable. Main module (40) receives and processes data from the receiver module (30) and displays the resulting information to the driver of the vehicle. Main module (40) also sets the communication protocol for all of the receiving modules (30) in the system. The main module (40) receives electrical energy for its operation from an energy source (45) such as a battery. The main module (40) includes a microcontroller (42) control bus (41 ) display controller (46) and display device (47). The control bus (41 ) allows connection of the main module (40) to other devices such as a computer and also establishes communication with the receiver module (30). The bus CAN described previously can also be used as the control bus (41 ) on the main module (40). The main module (40) can be located inside the vehicle so that the driver can read the information on display device (47) such as an LCD display or screen which is illustrated in the FIGS. 1 7a to 1 7d. The microcontroller (42) is a commercially available integrated chip such as PIC 16C6X that performs logical control of the main module (40). The microcontroller (42) includes a control bus transmitter (50) a control bus receiver (51 ) and a data and display control (52) whose functions can be performed by a software algorithm programmed in the microcontroller (42) or by means of electrical circuits. The functions are typically performed by known software algorithms following a particular procedure following detailed. The control bus transmitter (50) sends data to the control bus (41 ) and the control bus receiver (51 ) receives data from the control bus (41 ). The data and display control (52) generates a sequence of orders to display information in the display device (47). An alarm control unit (53) is part of the microcontroller (42) that checks several parameters and generate an alarm signal under certain predetermined circumstances. The alarm control unit (53) can detect when received data is inside or outside predetermined limits and generates an alarm signal depending upon the result of the comparison of data received from the receiver unit with values that have been previously programmed into the main module. For example, the alarm control unit (53) can be programmed to detect when the battery power is low, when the pressure is outside certain limits, when the expiration date has passed or when the identification codes of the incoming data do not match the identification code of the tires of a particular system. The main module (40) can also contain a memory unit (43) such as EEPROM memory that can store data received from the receiver module (30). The main module (40) can be programmed so that the data received during a particular period, for example, the last three hours of vehicle operation, are stored in the memory unit (43). The data can be retrieved later to determine tire conditions during that period. This could useful after an accident to determine tire conditions prior to and during the accident. An input device (44) such as a keyboard or buttons can be included in the main module (40) to input values such as the ranges of acceptable pressure values for comparison with incoming pressure data. An outlet port (49) for connection to a computer can also be included in main module (40). An infrared port (48) can also be included that cooperates with the infrared link control (54) in the microcontroller (42) for communication with other devices that have infrared port communication capability. The input device (44) together with the memory unit (43) and the main module (40) can be used in monitoring both the tire wear and the tire expiration date, substituting both the tire wear detector (18) and the tire expiration detector ( 19) and without the need of changes in the current tire manufacture. The customarily known recommended maximum mileage that the tire should not exceed, as well as the manufacture date or, if unknown, the tire installation date, are input through the input device (44) and stored in the memory unit (43). The microcontroller (42) reads these data and checks the mileage and the time since the input of the data, and when the first value of either the recommended maximum mileage or expiration date is reached, the alarm control unit (53) is activated and generates an alarm signal. As other variables as speed and the age of the tire can have some influence on the tire wear, the software algorithms at the microcontroller (42) can be prepared to process tire wear as a function of both mileage and manufacture date, plus some other additional data, as the expected maximum speed range, being this additional data input through the device (44), thus providing a narrower monitoring of the tire wear. Both mileage and speed are measured in current cars by electronic means. Therefore, the same electronic data that are input into the speedometer and odometer by current mechanisms will be input into the microcontroller (42) to be continuously checked with the tire wear. The expiration date is checked with the internal clock, either at the main module (40), or at a nearby computer. The valve assembly of the present invention can also be used in known systems that monitor various conditions such as temperature and pressure inside inflatable members such as vehicle tires. Such systems are disclosed in U.S. 5,285, 189, U.S. 5,483,827 (WO 95/22467), U.S. 5,540,092, U.S. 5,656,993, WO 94/06640, and WO 96/06747, all herein incorporated by reference. The energy source in the valve assembly can be used to provide electrical energy to such known systems and can be conveniently replaced when necessary. A method for monitoring conditions inside an inflatable member, in particular suitable for supervising vehicle tires based in the above described monitoring system is explained in the flow diagram chart of FIG.10. In accordance to said method the monitoring system is operated to sample the pressure and temperature of the inside of said inflatable tire at closely spaced instances and to apply power to the transmitter module (6) for the transmission of data of said pressure and temperature only along with an information about the corresponding battery level when there has been a significant change in any of said monitored conditions since a previous transmission of data, increasing until a maximum settable value the sampling frequency of said pressure (7) and temperature (8) sensors in case of said pressure or temperature being over or below a pre-settable threshold value and repeating the transmission through the transmitting module (6) a number of times established until any irregularity has been duly perceived on the receiver module (30), and decreasing the sample frequency until a specific programmable value in case said irregularity is not detected on a subsequent samples. The increase of the frequency of the sampling process once a shift over a threshold values has been detected allow to quickly transmit this information to the receiver module (30) and main module (40) to alert a driver or a co-driver. More specifically said sampling process is performed under the management of the microcontroller ( 1 3) comprising for each of the vehicle tires following steps: periodically sampling under a programmed period specific for each of the tires said pressure sensor (7) and said temperature sensor (8); in case of any of said temperature or pressure being above or below a settable threshold value, transmit through said transmitter module (6) numeric (binary) codes unambiguously identifying the tire, pressure and temperature obtained from the sampled sensors (7, 8) and corresponding battery level; cut off the power supply to the transmitter module; adjust the frequency of the sample to a preset minimum value; and repeat the sampling process under said adjusted preset minimum frequency value. As the flow chart of FIG. 10 illustrates referred periodically sampling operation first includes a previous step of supply power to some transducers and amplifiers associated to said pressure and temperature sensors (7, 8). Moreover and as the lower part of the flow chart of said FIG. 10 illustrates, after a specific settable period without signal transmission the transmitter module (6) it is powered and a sequential transmission of numeric codes corresponding to identification of battery level, pressure and temperature of the inside of the tire is transmitted, after which transmission the power supply to the transmitter module (6) as well to said transducers and amplifiers is cut off and the frequency of the sample is decreased to a maximum settable value (because a more quick sampling is not then needed). As per the described method each of the tires is under a normal procedure sampled under a specific (i.e. distinct) maximum frequency, so that avoiding overlapping of the signals transmitted from several different tires. Upper part of the flow chart indicates the period is obtained dividing a given time in a series of intervals of a given length indicated by sleep mode, and assign a particular number of said intervals to each tire, which are controlled by a sleep counter to initialize the detailed process of sampling and ensuing transmission once the last sleep is reached. In accordance to a preferred embodiment said transmission through said transmitter module (6) of numeric codes unambiguously identifying the pressure and temperature of the sampled sensors (7, 8) as well as the tire and battery level is performed three consecutive times to assure a correct receipt of the data by the receiver module (30). On the other side said steps of periodically sampling are rendered incapable in case of the wheel (tire) movement detector (20) informing of a stop state of the vehicle over a period preestablished of time in order to reduce to a minimum the power consumption. The upper part of the flow chart of FIG. 1 1 referred to the operating mode of the receiver module (30) is self explicative and the management is conducted through interruptions in accordance with standard algorithms. Once a frame o string of bits is received it is checked in order to consider it acceptable (suitably, readeable) or not and in a positive case the microcontroller (52) preforms calculations from said string of binary data of the temperature and pressure, updating a data array and recording the event in said EEPROM memory (43) as indicated. Flow chart of FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure aimed to updating a matrix where said recorded binary data arrays are stored. Flow chart of FIG. 13 discloses the management of the condition of the battery included in each valve assembly ( 1 ) of each tire. FIG. 14 illustrates a screen management of a display device (47) included in the main module (40) which is self-explicative and which is controlled through a three key keyboard detailed in FIG. 15, and indicated by "0", " 1 " and "2" keys. In Figs. 1 5a to 15b a routine to increase or decrease a current pressure limit is indicated while Fig. 15c corresponding to the a pressure on key " 1 " allows to input a value of a limit. FIG. 16 which is also self-explicative illustrates a preferred embodiment of managing of an alarm, the outputs being obtained through flashings (indicating a corresponding involved tire/wheel) or trough buzzers (also usable as a supplementary alarm signal). In FIGS. 17a to 17c a screen of display device 47 is represented. FIG. 1 7a show a normal indication of the pressures, front wheels being in upper row and rear wheels in a lower row, while FIG. 1 7b show the temperatures of same wheels (tires). In FIG. 1 7c a symbol indicating "low battery state" has been represented near the pressure indication of respectively the front left wheel and rear right wheel. Finally FIG. 17d corresponds to the image seen on the screen when adjusting the maximum admitted pressures of the front tires, the pressure which is being adjusted is flashing.

Claims: CLAIMS 1 . A valve assembly for control of fluid flow in or out of fluid-containing member comprising, main body member (200) having a passageway (201 ) extending therethrough, outer body member (300) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is connected to a first section of main body member (200), insulating member (205) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is connected to a second section of main body member (200), said passageways of main body member (200) outer body member (300) and insulating member (205) cooperating to define a continuous passageway for fluid flow, an inner valve (206) engaging said insulating member (205) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway, and an outer valve (301 ) engaging said outer body member (300) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway. 2. The valve assembly according to claim 1 that further comprises an electrical energy source (4) located within said continuous passageway and operatively connected to said inner valve (206) and said outer valve (301 ) wherein the outer valve (301 ) outer body member (300) the inner valve (206) and main body member (200) cooperate with energy source (4) to form an electrical circuit. 3. The valve assembly according to claim 2 further comprising a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, and a radio frequency transmitter that receive electrical energy from said energy source. 4. The valve assembly according to claim 2 wherein the fluid-containing member is a vehicle tire and the energy source is a battery. 5. The valve assembly according to claim 4 wherein the electrical circuit further comprises at least one of a battery charging device, a tire wear detector, a tire expiration detector, and a wheel movement detector. 6. The valve assembly according to claim 2 further comprising a support plate (5) attached to the main body member (200). 7. The valve assembly according to claim 6 further comprising a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, and a radio frequency transmitter that are attached to support plate (5) and receive electrical energy from said energy source. 8. A system for monitoring conditions inside fluid-containing member comprising a valve assembly ( 1 ) operatively connected to a transmitter module (6) located inside the fluid-containing member for transmitting signals and a receiver module (30) for receiving transmission of said signals from said transmitter module (6) wherein said valve assembly ( 1 ) comprises, main body member (200) having a passageway (201 ) extending therethrough, outer body member (300) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is connected to a first section of main body member (200), insulating member (205) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is releasably connected to a second section of main body member (200), said passageways of main body member (200) outer body member (300) and insulating member (205) cooperating to define a continuous passageway for fluid flow, an inner valve (206) engaging said insulating member (205) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway, an outer valve (301 ) engaging said outer body member (300) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway, and an electrical energy source (4) located in said continuous passageway and operatively connected to said inner valve (206) and said outer valve (301 ), wherein the outervalve mechanism (301 ) outer body member (300) the inner valve (206), main body member (200) and energy source (4) cooperate to provide electrical energy to transmitter module (6). 9. The system according to claim 8 wherein said transmitter module comprises a microcontroller, a radio frequency transmitter, and any of a pressure sensor or temperature sensor. 10. The system according to claim 8 wherein said fluid-containing member is a tire and said energy source is a battery. 1 1. The system according to claim 10 wherein said transmitter module further comprises any of a battery charging device, a tire wear detector, a tire expiration detector, and a wheel movement detector. 12. The system according to claim 8 wherein the signals transmitted by the transmitter module are radio waves. 1 3. The system according to claim 8 wherein said receiver module comprises a radio frequency receiver, a control bus, and a microcontroller. 14. The system according to claim 13 wherein said fluid-containing member is a vehicle tire and said receiver module further comprises a memory unit that stores the identification code for the vehicle tire. 15. The system according to claim 8 that further comprises a main module for receiving data communications from the receiver module and for displaying information obtained from said data communications. 16. The system according to claim 15 wherein said main module comprises a microcontroller, control bus, and display device. 1 7. The system according to claim 16 wherein said main module further comprises a memory unit for storing data communications received from the receiver module. 1 8. The system according to claim 16 wherein said main module further comprises an alarm unit that generates an alarm signal depending upon the result of the comparison of data received from the receiver unit with values that have been previously programmed into the main module. 19. The system according to claim 16 wherein the main module further comprises an input device and an outlet port. 20. A T-wrench comprising an elongated member (62) having a lower section (68) having a plurality of protrusions (66) thereon, an upper section (69) having a passageway (64) therethrough for receiving a cylindrical member (65) therein to assist in a mounting dismantling operation. 21 . Method for monitoring conditions inside inflatable members such as vehicle tires, based on a monitoring system comprising: a valve assembly ( 1 ) operatively connected to a transmitter module (6) located inside said inflatable member, said transmitter module (6) including a radio frequency transmitter, any of a pressure sensor (7), temperature sensor (8) and a microcontroller ( 1 3) to manage a periodical sampling process of said pressure and temperature sensors (7,8) and to transmit signals through said transmitter module (6) of the read values of said sensors (7, 8); a receiver module (30) for receiving transmission of said signals from said transmitter module (6) and comprising a memory unit (32) that stores the identification code for each of the vehicle tires; wherein said valve assembly ( 1 ) comprises: main body member (200) having a passageway (201 ) extending therethrough, outer body member (300) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is connected to a first section of main body member (200), insulating member (205) having a passageway extending therethrough and which is releasably connected to a second section of main body member (200), said passageways of main body member (200) outer body member (300) and insulating member (205) cooperating to define a continuous passageway for fluid flow, an inner valve (206) engaging said insulating member (205) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway, an outer valve (301 ) engaging said outer body member (300) so as to control the flow of fluid into or out of said continuous passageway, and a battery (4) providing an electrical energy source located in said continuous passageway and operatively connected to said inner valve (206) and said outer valve (301 ), the charging level of said battery (4) being also periodically sampled under management of sad microcontroller (13) wherein the outer valve mechanism (301 ) outer body member (300) the inner valve (206), main body member (200) and energy source (4) cooperate to provide electrical energy to transmitter module (6), characterised in that said monitoring system is operated to sample the pressure and temperature of the inside of said inflatable tire at closely spaced instances and to apply power to the transmitter module (6) for the transmission of data of said pressure and temperature only when there has been a significant change in any of said monitored conditions since a previous transmission of data, increasing until a maximum settable value the sample frequency of said pressure (7) and temperature (8) sensors in case of said pressure or temperature being above or below a pre-settable threshold value and repeating the transmission through the transmitting module (6) a number of times established until any irregularity has been duly perceived on the receiver module (30), and decreasing the sample frequency until a specific programmable value in case said irregularity is not detected on a subsequent sampling proceeding. 22. Method according to claim 21 wherein said transmitter module of said system further comprises any of a battery charging device, a tire wear detector ( 18), a tire expiration detector ( 19), and a wheel movement detector (20). 23. Method according to claim 22, applied to monitor the conditions of a plurality of tires of a vehicle wherein said receiver module (30) further comprises a memory unit that stores the identification code for each vehicle tire and said sample process is performed under the management of said microcontroller ( 13) comprising for each of said tires following steps: periodically sampling under a programmed period specific for each of the tires said pressure sensor (7) and said temperature sensor (8); in case of any of said temperature or pressure being above or below a settable threshold value, transmit through said transmitter module (6) numeric codes unambiguously identifying the pressure and temperature obtained from the sampled sensors (7, 8); cut off the power supply to the transmitter module; adjust the frequency of the sampling procedure to a preset minimum value; and repeat the sampling procedure under said adjusted preset minimum frequency value. 24. Method according to claim 23, characterised in that said first step of periodically sampling the sensors (7, 8) further comprises the sampling of the level of charge of the battery (4) associated to the valve assembly ( 1 ) of said tire, and the transmission of said numerics codes identifying the pressure and temperature values acquired as well as of a numeric code corresponding to said battery level of charge. 25.- Method according to claim 23, characterised in that said periodically sampling operation first includes a previous step of supply power to some transducers and amplifiers associated to said pressure and temperature sensors (7, 8). 26. Method according to claim 24, characterised in that after a specific settable period without signal transmission from the transmitter module (6) said transmitter module (6) is powered and a sequential transmission of numeric codes corresponding to identification of battery level, pressure and temperature of the inside of the tire is transmitted, after which transmission the power supply to the transmitter module (6) as well to said transducers and amplifiers is cut off and the frequency of the sampling is increased to a maximum settable value. 27. Method according to claim 24 wherein said transmission through said transmitter module (6) of numeric codes unambiguously identifying the pressure and temperature of the sampled sensors (7, 8) of each tire as well as the corresponding battery level is performed three consecutive times. 28.- Method according to claim 23, wherein said steps of periodically sampling are rendered incapable in case of the wheel movement detector (20) informing of a stop state of the vehicle over a period preestablished of time. 29. Method according to claim 23 wherein said receiver module further comprises a main module for receiving data communications from the receiver module and for displaying information obtained from said data communications, said main module including a microcontroller, control bus and display device. 30.- Method according to claim 29, wherein the management of the receiver module (30) is preformed through interruptions in accordance with a procedure consisting in checking a received string of transmitted data values and if acceptable i.e. suitably, readeable, the microcontroller (52) preforms calculations from said data values of the temperature and pressure, updating a data array and recording it in a EEPROM memory (43). 31. Method according to claim 29, wherein a display device (47) associated to said main module (40) is controlled through an input device (44) comprising at least three keys "0", " 1 " and "2" allowing to settle limits for acceptable pressure, temperature, maximum recommended use and life span of the inflatable tire. 32. Method according to claims 29 and 31 wherein the maximum recommended use and the life span of the inflatable tire are controlled through the input device (44) and managed by the main module (40) by validation with the values at the odometer and at the internal clock.

Inventors: CAPELLA FRAU GABRIEL, GALLARDO LEON JUAN ANTONIO, GOMEZ DE SEBASTIAN FERNANDO, LAMICH AROCAS MANUEL, CAPELLA FRAU, GABRIEL, GALLARDO LEON, JUAN ANTONIO, GOMEZ DE SEBASTIAN, FERNANDO, LAMICH AROCAS, MANUEL
Applicants: CAPELLA FRAU GABRIEL, GALLARDO LEON JUAN ANTONIO, GOMEZ DE SEBASTIAN FERNANDO, LAMICH AROCAS MANUEL, CAPELLA FRAU, GABRIEL, GALLARDO LEON, JUAN ANTONIO, GOMEZ DE SEBASTIAN, FERNANDO, LAMICH AROCAS, MANUEL
Application year: 2000
Main classification: B60C23
IPC codes: B60C23