AN AUTOMOTIVE SEAT ASSEMBLY HAVING AN INTEGRAL TEAR SEAM

Abstract: An automotive seat assembly is provided with an integrated side impact airbag. The seat assembly comprises a seat cushion and a seat back mounted to the seat cushion. A seat cushion trim cover material covers the seat cushion and a seat back trim cover material covers the seat back. The seat assembly is characterized by a tear seam integrally formed within a bolster section of the seat back trim cover material. The tear seam defines a frangible line of weakness within the trim cover material wherein the airbag will tear through the tear seam when the airbag is deployed and inflated to a position outside of the seat assembly. The subject invention also includes a manufacturing apparatus for forming the tear seam in the trim cover material. The apparatus comprises a template (48) supporting the trim cover material (28). A C-shaped raised ridge (50) extends upwardly from the template to abut the inside surface of the trim cover material (28). A welder (52) is disposed adjacent the outside surface of the trim cover material (28) such that the trim cover material is wedged between the template (48) and the welder (52). The welder is aligned with the raised ridge to form the tear seam within the trim cover material.

Description: AN AUTOMOTIVE SEAT ASSEMBLY HAVING AN INTEGRAL TEAR SEAM Technical Field The subject invention relates to automotive seat assemblies having integral airbags. More precisely, the subject invention relates to the specific characteristics of the seat assembly which ensure a complete and full deployment of the airbag. Background of the Invention Government and automobile industry researches are continuously looking at ways to make cars safer. Airbags are frequently installed within the dash board and steering wheel of many vehicles to enhance the safety of the vehicle. This has lead to the thought of installing airbags in other locations within the vehicle. One prominent direction is toward installing airbags directly within a vehicle seat. Primarily, the airbags are installed within a side bolster of the seat such that they provide better head, neck and side protection for the occupant. These airbags are commonly called side impact airbags. Side impact airbags operate in much the same fashion as frontal airbags. A crash sensor is often located in a B-pillar of the vehicle which detects a serious impact occurring perpendicular to the side of the vehicle. As appreciated, there is little clearance between the passenger and the outside of the vehicle door. Hence, side impact airbags must inflate much faster than frontal airbags. The side impact airbags are frequently concealed within the seat by a trim cover material. The trim cover material is typically made up of multiple smaller pieces of material which are sewn together. The airbags break through the sewn seams during deployment. One of the major concerns with seat integrated side impact airbags is achieving successful deployment of the airbag through the proper seam in the trim cover each and every time. One frequent difficulty associated with side impact airbag deployment is that the airbag deploys through the seam at a wrong angle. This limits the amount of protection available to the passenger and may even injure the passenger. Another problem occurs when the airbag exits through the wrong seam such as through the front or the back of the seat. This may also cause additional injury and may not adequately protect the passenger. In addition, the airbag may not exit the seat at all. In this situation, the airbag balloons within the trim cover material and never breaks the seam. The deployment problems occur for a number of reasons. The trim cover material typically has an elasticity which works against the breaking force of the airbag. In addition, the trim cover material is secured to a foam pad by either thin wire rods, hog rings, a hook and loop fastener, or a bonding process. None of these manufacturing methods are strong enough to hold the trim cover material to the foam pad when the airbag is being deployed. The airbag will always follow the path of least resistance and may detach the trim cover from the foam pad such that the airbag will wander within the trim cover itself. One solution contemplated by the prior art is to sew straps into the trim cover and tie the straps to the seat back frame to hold the trim cover material to the foam pad and seat back frame. This solution, however, has a number of deficiencies. Some of the deficiencies are that the straps may be difficult to secure to the frame, it would be difficult to ensure proper attachment and proper taughtness, and the straps may provide unpredictable deployment characteristics. Accordingly, it is desirable to create a weakened deployment seam within the trim cover material that is the weakest point in the trim cover such that the airbag can predictably break through the trim cover material and fully deploy. The deployment seam must also be strong enough to maintain its integrity during normal use of the seat. Some solutions have been contemplated by the prior art such as laser cutting and changing the parameters of the stitching. The laser cutting is unreliable in that the particular depth needed is difficult to uniformly achieve. The laser cutting is also time consuming and expensive. Changing the parameters of the stitching along the area of deployment is also difficult to control and expensive to implement. Summary of the Invention An automotive seat assembly is provided with an integrated airbag. The seat assembly comprises a seat cushion and a seat back mounted to the seat cushion. A seat cushion trim cover material covers the seat cushion and a seat back trim cover material covers the seat back. The seat assembly is characterized by a tear seam integrally formed within at least one of the trim cover materials to define a frangible line of weakness within the trim cover material wherein the airbag will tear through the tear seam when the airbag is deployed and inflated to a position outside of the seat assembly. Accordingly, the subj ect invention provides a weakened tear seam within the trim cover material which is the weakest point in the trim cover such that the airbag can predictably and effectively break through the trim cover material and fully deploy. The tear seam is also strong enough to maintain its integrity during normal use of the seat assembly. Brief Description of the Drawings Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein: Figure 1 an exploded perspective view of an automotive seat assembly incorporating an airbag; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the seat indicating a tear seam and the airbag in phantom; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the seat with the airbag partially deployed; Figure 4 is a perspective view of a welder for forming the tear seam within the trim cover material; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the welder with the trim cover material disposed therebetween; Figure 6 is a perspective view of an inside surface of the trim cover material; Figure 7 is an alternative embodiment of a template; and Figure 8 is another alternative embodiment of the template. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, an automotive seat assembly is generally shown at 10 in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The seat assembly 10 comprises a seat cushion 12 and a seat back 14 mounted to the seat cushion 12. The seat assembly 10 has an integrated airbag 16. Preferably, the airbag 16 is a side impact type airbag mounted within a bolster section 18 of the seat back 14. As appreciated, the airbag 16 may be mounted within any suitable section of the seat back 14 and/or seat cushion 12. As shown in Figure 1, the side impact airbag 16 includes an inflator 20 which inflates the airbag 16 in response to a signal from a crash sensor (not shown). The crash sensor is typically mounted within a B-pillar of a vehicle (not shown). The airbag 16 is shown in a compacted condition and in a completely deployed condition in phantom. In addition, the airbag 16 is shown in a non-deployed position in phantom in Figure 2 and a partially deployed position in Figure 3. As appreciated, the airbag 16 is illustrated schematically in Figures 2 and 3. The inflator 20 and airbag 16 are mounted to a bracket 22 which is welded to the seat back 14. Preferably the airbag 16 has a 30 liter volume capacity which allows the airbag 16 to expand over a large area to protect the passenger. As appreciated, the side impact airbag 16 may be of any suitable size, design or configuration as is known in the art. Side impact airbags 16 are frequently concealed within the seat by a trim cover material. Specifically, a seat cushion trim cover material 24 covers the seat cushion 12 and a seat back trim cover material 26 covers the seat back 14 as is known in the art. Referring also to Figure 5, the seat back 26 and the seat cushion 24 trim cover materials each have an outside surface 28 and an inside surface 30. The outside surface 28 is also shown in Figure 4 and the inside surface 30 is also shown in Figure 6. Specifically, the trim cover materials 24, 26 comprise an outer seating layer 32 which defines the outside surface 28. The outer seating layer 32 may be of any suitable material such as fabric, vinyl, leather or a combination thereof. A thin foam sheet 34 and a backing material 36 are mounted to the outer seating layer 32 and define the inside surface 30. As appreciated, the trim cover materials 24, 26 may have a different structure without deviating from the scope of the subject invention. The trim cover materials 24, 26 comprise a plurality of smaller material pieces 38 which are sewn together to form a plurality of sewn seams 40. An illustrated example of a material piece 38 is shown in Figures 4 and 6. The size and shape of the smaller material pieces 38 are dependent upon the particular seating design. As appreciated, any size and shape of material pieces 38 may be part of the subject invention. As illustrated in Figure 1, the seat back 14 also includes a seat back frame 42 and the seat cushion 12 similarly includes a seat cushion frame (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the seat back frame 42 supports the airbag 16 with the seat back trim cover material 26 covering the seat back frame 42 and the airbag 16. As best shown in Figures 2, 3 and 6, the seat assembly 10 is characterized by a tear seam 44 integrally formed within at least one of the trim cover materials 24, 26 to define a frangible line of weakness within the trim cover material 24, 26 wherein the airbag 16 will tear through the tear seam 44 when the airbag 16 is deployed and inflated to a position outside of the seat assembly 10. Preferably, the tear seam 44 is a groove like indentation formed within the inside surface 30 of one of the trim cover materials 24, 26. This creates a hidden seam such that the seat assembly 10 may maintain an aesthetically pleasing appearance. Marking on the outside surface 28 of the trim cover material 24, 26 may also be done if desired. The tear seam 44 and/or marking on the outside surface 28 could resemble some type of logo or design. Even more preferably, the tear seam 44 is formed within the seat back trim cover material 26 such that the side impact airbag 16 may be easily deployed through the bolster 18. The tear seam 44 is formed within the seat back trim cover material 26 between at least a pair of the sewn seams 40. The frangible line of weakness defined by the tear seam 44 is weaker than the sewn seams 40 such that the tear seam 44 will tear before the sewn seams 40. Referring also to Figure 5, the tear seam 44 has a substantially V-shaped configuration when viewed in cross-section. Specifically, the V-shaped tear seam 44 is formed within the foam sheet 34 and the backing material 36. The V-shaped tear seam 44 is only illustrative of one embodiment and the tear seam 44 may have any suitable cross-section without deviating from the scope of the subject invention. The tear seam 44 is integrally formed within the inside surface 30 of the seat back trim cover material 26 by a novel manufacturing method which is now discussed in detail. For illustrative purposes, only the seat back trim cover material 26 will be discussed. It is appreciated that seat cushion trim cover material 24 may also be utilized. The method of integrally forming the tear seam 44 within the seat trim cover material 26 uses a welder 46 and a template 48 having a raised ridge 50. The method comprising the steps of: placing the inside surface 30 of the trim cover material 26 over the template 48 such that the inside surface 30 of the trim cover material 26 contacts the raised ridge 50; moving the welder 46 adjacent the outside surface 28 of the trim cover material 26 such that the trim cover material 26 is wedged between the template 48 and the welder 46; aligning the welder 46 with the raised ridge 50 of the template 48; and heating the welder 46 to a predetermined temperature to integrally form the tear seam 44 within the inside surface 30 of the trim cover material 26. The heating of the welder 46 is further defined by ultrasonically heating the trim cover material 26 to at least a partially molten state to integrally form the tear seam 44. The ultrasonic heating of the trim cover material 26 is created by vibratory energy which is converted to heat through friction. As discussed below, any type of ultrasonic welder may be used as is known in the art. The heat subsequently melts the desired portion of the trim cover material 26. When a molten state is reached, the vibration is stopped and pressure is the applied from the welder 46 onto the trim cover material 26. The pressure is maintained until the trim cover material 26 solidifies, thereby forming the tear seam 44 within the inside surface 30 of the trim cover material 26. The manufacturing apparatus for performing the method of operation and creating the 5 tear seam 44 is now discussed in detail with reference to Figures 4 through 8. The manufacturing apparatus comprises the template 48 for supporting the seat back trim cover material 26. As above, only the seat back trim cover material 26 will be subsequently discussed. The template 48 may be of any suitable size. Although not specifically shown, the template 48 is preferably the same size as the piece of trim cover material 26 being welded. 10 The raised ridge 50 extends upwardly from the template 48 for abutment with the inside surface 30 of the trim cover material 26. Hence, the trim cover material 26 is placed face down over the template 48. The welder 46 is disposed adjacent the outside surface 28 of the trim cover material 26 such that the trim cover material 26 is wedged between the template 48 and the welder 46. The welder 46 is aligned with the raised ridge 50 to form the tear seam 44 15 within the trim cover material 26. The welder 46 is an ultrasonic welder which ultrasonically heats a portion of the trim cover material 26 to a predetermined temperature to integrally form the tear seam 44. The ultrasonic welder 46 includes a power supply (not shown) and a horn 52. A pneumatically activated carriage moves the horn 52 upward and downward and an electronic controller (not 20 shown) controls the ultrasonic exposure and clamping time. The horn 52 is preferably an aluminum slotted tool which has a similar shape as the raised ridge 50. The electronic controller can vary the exposure time which can form deeper and/or wider tear seams. The depth and width of the tear seam 44 will depend upon the type of trim cover material 26 and the type of sewn seam 40 used in the seat assembly 10. Certain sewn seams 40 are stronger 25 than others. The trim cover material 26 is wedged between the horn 52 and the raised ridge 50 of the template 48. For illustrative purposes, the horn 52, trim cover material 26 and template 48 are shown in a spaced apart relationship in Figure 4. As appreciated, the horn 52 will move downward until contacting the trim cover material 26. The horn 52 of the ultrasonic welder 30 46 is an acoustic tool that transfers the vibratory energy directly to the parts being welded. As discussed above, the vibratory energy is converted to heat through friction which melts the desired portion of the trim cover material 26. The portion of the trim cover material 26 which is heated is the portion which contacts the raised ridge 50. Specifically, the welder 46 heats the foam sheet 34 and the backing material 36 to form the tear seam 44. The raised ridge 50 preferably has a substantially C-shaped configuration for creating a C-shaped tear seam 44. As appreciated, when the airbag 16 deploys and breaks through the C-shaped tear seam 44, a trim cover flap 54 will be created. This is desirable such that the trim cover material 26 does not completely detach from the seat assembly 10 and cause any injury. In other words, the preferred configuration of the tear seam 44 does not allow any portion of the trim cover material 26 to detach from the seat assembly 10. The horn 52 preferably has a C-shaped configuration to correspond to the C-shaped raised ridge 50. The C-shaped edge may be a continuous edge as shown in Figure 4 or a multiple of smaller sections as shown in Figure 7. In addition, the raised ridge 50 and horn 52 may have a different shape such as a U-shaped configuration as shown in Figure 8. As appreciated, the portion of the trim cover material 26 that melts and subsequently forms into the tear seam 44 will correspond to the desired shape of the raised ridge 50 and horn 52. As shown in Figure 5 and discussed above, the tear seam 44 has a substantially V- shaped configuration when viewed in cross-section. The raised ridge 50 has a substantially triangular shaped configuration when viewed in cross section for forming the V-shaped tear seam 44. As appreciated, the raised ridge 50 may have any suitable cross-sectional configuration which will create any suitably shaped tear seam 44. Many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings . It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims: What is claimed is: 1. A method of integrally forming a tear seam within a seat trim cover material by using a welder and a template having a raised ridge, said method comprising the steps of: placing an inside surface of the trim cover material over the template such that the inside surface of the trim cover material contacts the raised ridge; moving the welder adjacent an outside surface of the trim cover material such that the trim cover material is wedged between the template and the welder; aligning the welder with the raised ridge of the template; and heating the welder to a predetermined temperature to integrally form the tear seam within the inside surface of the trim cover material. 2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the heating of the welder is further defined by ultrasonically heating the trim cover material to at least a partially molten state. 3. A method as set forth in claim 2 further defined by applying pressure from the welder onto the trim cover material and wedging the trim cover material between the welder and the raised ridge until the trim cover material solidifies, thereby forming the tear seam within the inside surface of the trim cover material. 4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein the forming of the tear seam is further defined by forming a substantially V-shaped tear seam. 5. A method as set forth in claim 4 wherein the forming of the tear seam is further defined by providing a substantially triangular shaped ridge for forming the V-shaped tear seam. 6. A manufacturing apparatus for integrally forming a tear seam within a seat trim cover material having inside and outside surfaces, said apparatus comprising; a template for supporting the trim cover material, a raised ridge extending upwardly from said template for abutment with the inside surface of the trim cover material, and a welder disposed adjacent the outside surface of the trim cover material such that the trim cover material is wedged between said template and said welder, said welder aligned with said raised ridge to form the tear seam within the trim cover material. 7. An apparatus as set forth in claim 6 wherein said welder is an ultrasonic welder which ultrasonically heats a portion of the trim cover material to a predetermined temperature such that said raised ridge may integrally form the tear seam. 8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein said trim cover material comprises an outer seating layer, a thin foam sheet and a backing material with said welder heating said foam sheet and said backing material to form the tear seam. 9. An assembly as set forth in claim 7 wherein said raised ridge has a substantially C- shaped configuration for creating a C-shaped tear seam. 10. An assembly as set forth in claim 9 wherein said tear seam has a substantially V-shaped configuration when viewed in cross-section. 11. An assembly as set forth in claim 10 wherein said raised ridge has a substantially triangular shaped configuration when viewed in cross section for forming said V-shaped tear seam. 12. An automotive seat assembly having an integrated airbag, said seat assembly comprising; a seat cushion, a seat back mounted to said seat cushion, a seat cushion trim cover material covering said seat cushion, and a seat back trim cover material covering said seat back, said seat assembly characterized by a tear seam integrally formed within at least one of said trim cover materials to define a frangible line of weakness within said trim cover material wherein the airbag will tear through said tear seam when the airbag is deployed and inflated to a position outside of said seat assembly. 13. An assembly as set forth in claim 12 wherein said seat back and said seat cushion trim cover materials each have an outside surface and an inside surface with said tear seam formed within said inside surface of one of said trim cover materials. 14. An assembly as set forth in claim 13 wherein said tear seam has a substantially V- shaped configuration when viewed in cross-section. 15. An assembly as set forth in claim 13 wherein said seat back and said seat cushion trim cover materials comprise a plurality of material pieces which are sewn together to form a plurality of sewn seams. 16. An assembly as set forth in claim 15 wherein said tear seam is formed within one of said trim cover materials between at least a pair of said sewn seams, said frangible line of weakness defined by said tear seam is weaker than said sewn seams such that said tear seam will tear before said sewn seams. 17. An assembly as set forth in claim 16 wherein said trim cover materials comprise an outer seating layer, a thin foam sheet and a backing material. 18. An assembly as set forth in claim 17 wherein said tear seam is formed within said foam sheet and said backing material. 19. An assembly as set forth in claim 18 wherein said tear seam is formed within said seat back trim cover material. 20. An assembly as set forth in claim 19 further including a seat back frame for supporting the airbag with said seat back trim cover material covering said seat back frame and the airbag.

Inventors: FILECCIA SCOTT, HADLEY PHILIP W, KOPEC GARY, PERSHA SEAN, SRIVASTAVA MANOJ, FILECCIA, SCOTT, HADLEY, PHILIP, W., KOPEC, GARY, PERSHA, SEAN, SRIVASTAVA, MANOJ
Applicants: FILECCIA SCOTT, HADLEY PHILIP W, KOPEC GARY, MAGNA INTERIOR SYS INC, PERSHA SEAN, SRIVASTAVA MANOJ, FILECCIA, SCOTT, HADLEY, PHILIP, W., KOPEC, GARY, MAGNA INTERIOR SYSTEMS INC., PERSHA, SEAN, SRIVASTAVA, MANOJ
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B29C59
IPC codes: B29C59, B29C65, B60R21