Mobile sorting unit

Abstract: This invention relates to a belt for a sorting machine cell of the so-called "cross-belt" type, wherein it provides a curb (8) made of suitable material, firmly attached to the rotating mat (3) constituting the carrying and unloading plane of the items to be sorted, said curb (8) having a direction parallell to the direction of motion of the belt (3) so as to minimize the slipping phenomena and to promote a better positioning of the item on the carrying plane, thus ensuring an unloading trajectory of the required precision.

Description: This invention relates to a belt for a sorting machine cell of the so-called "cross-belt" type, characterized in that it provides a curb made of suitable material, firmly attached to the rotating mat constituting the carrying and unloading plane of the items to be sorted, designed to minimize the slipping phenomena and to promote a better positioning of the item on the carrying plane, so as to ensure an unloading trajectory of the required precision. The industrial sorting sector utilizes sorting machines employing various technologies, such as machines equipped with pushers, tilting dishes, etc. Other known machines are of the "cross-belt" type, which comprise a small conveyor belt installed on a trolley serving as a item carrier and sorting unit, where the said belt is actuated to move in a direction perpendicular to the forward motion of the sorting machine. The systems based on a "cross-belt" technology enjoy an ever-growing diffusion, thanks to their high productivity coupled with other advantages such as a limited encumbrance and high sorting precision. Compared to other technologies, the "cross-belt" technology also allows handling an extremely broad range of items, thanks to the fact that the sorting functions are carried out in an active manner, by case-to-case changing of the various parameters such as the acceleration imparted to the item, its unloading time and velocity, depending on the characteristics of the items themselves, thus eliminating the imprecision of the machines based on different technologies, such as those of a tilting-dish type, which unload by gravity. For the purpose of loading items on the carrying and sorting units, introducing stations are generally provided. These consist of several independent conveyor belts, arranged at an angle to the direction of motion of the sorting machine. In practice all these stations constitute the interface between the operators charged with the loading process and the sorting machine itself. The modern technologies for loading the items include the use of electronic devices capable of automatically verifying the dimensions and characteristics of the items and calculating, for each of them, the optimum accelerations and transit velocities. The control of the functionality of these introducing stations generally serves the purpose of assigning each item to a sorting unit, and positioning the item at the center of the same. This positioning step is most important for a favorable final result, as any objects loaded in erroneous positions may cause jamming along the sorting path, with a resulting abnormal operation of the machine and damage to the items. The latter may even fall off from the sorting machine, or, as in the most common case, assume anomalous trajectories during the unloading phase at destination, with a consequent jamming in the exit devices and/or with sorting errors. Although the latest systems utilize highly sophisticated technologies and equipment to ensure a precise positioning of the items, some loading errors occasionally still occur, where error means the fact that an item cannot find its ideal position on the sorting unit. These errors are generally generated by the unpredictable behavior of certain objects, both during the loading phase and while passing from the introducing station to the carrying and sorting mat. In order to minimize these shortcomings, the present state of the art resorts to the following devices: when the introduction belt is inclined with respect to the direction of motion of the sorting machine, the item is loaded with a velocity vector including some components congruent with the velocity of the machine, so that the item may be deposited on the belt at a relative velocity of essentially nil; beside the path of the sorting machine, in front of the introduction stations, some barriers are installed which prevent any objects with a low friction coefficient from being pushed out of the sorting unit, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the machine; some retaining curbs are installed on the carrying units, to prevent any items with a low friction coefficient from sliding off in the direction of motion of the machine, thus dropping off the unit in either direction; some conveyor belts made of highly adherent materials are used, so as to reduce any undesirable effects when handling items with a low friction coefficient. However, all the expedients described above cannot always prevent the occurrence of anormalous situations, so that it occasionally still happens that some items are improperly positioned on the mats. For example, in the case of limp items such as plastic bags of a large size with respect to the volume of their contents, these tend to slide in the direction of motion of the machine, so that the use of any banks on the carrying units may have negative effects. The bags may in effect position themselves so as to partially pile up on the bank, which may in an unloading phase slow the item's motion by friction, thus adversely affecting its trajectory. Moreover, the mats' friction coefficient varies in use due to the dirt accumulating on its surface or because of different conditions of humidity, with the result that the behavior of the items may in an unloading phase be affected even to a considerable extent. FR 1.070.222 discloses a conveyor belt with lateral borders made of foam rubber, lateral borders with a vertical flange having notches and made of rubber or similar material, or lateral borders with a vertical flange with a corrugated shape and made of rubber or similar material. These different embodiments are designed to facilitate passage of the belt around end rollers with the borders remaining perpendicular to the plane of the belt instead of lying down on one side or the other. Some known conveyor belts also carry a row of ledges arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the mat. These ledges are used when the conveyor belt is particularly inclined, so as to prevent a slippage of the items carried. Other known rotating mats have a curb affixed to their lower surface (in contact with the supporting rollers) which slides in a groove provided in the rollers and functions as a guide to keep the mat centered on the rollers. This invention now offers to avoid all the shortcomings heretofore described, by eliminating the risk than an item may assume an erroneous position on the transport and sorting unit after loading, thus allowing one to take full advantage of the machine's performance. For this purpose the invention envisions to associate each rotating mat with a curb made of a flexible material capable of adapting to the curvature assumed by the mat while passing over the rollers. This invention will now be described in detail, for exemplifying and non-limiting purposes, with reference to the attached drawings: Figure 1 is a simplified prospective view of a trolley with a belt according to the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-section of the trolley in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a simplified prospective view of a further preferred version of the invention; Figure 4 is a simplified prospective view of a different form of embodiment according to the invention. Figure 1 illustrates a carrying and sorting unit typical of the machines based on a "cross-belt" technology, consisting of a trolley 1 comprising a frame 2 mounting a rotating mat 3, which constitutes the carrying and sorting plane and wraps around a pair of rollers 4 and 5. The roller 4 is connected by a belt 6 to a motor 7 actuated whenever the mat must be moved. In particular, the latter is actuated when an item in a loading phase passes from the introducing station to the unit 1, so as to receive the item while controlling its deceleration and achieving a loading at the center of the unit, or when an item must be loaded opposite the picking-up devices. In agreement with the invention, a profile or curb 8 is applied to the mat 3, which is firmly affixed to the mat and rotates along with the same whenever the sorting unit is actuated. The curb is made of a suitable flexible material with a high friction coefficient such as for instance rubber, silicone, PVC or any other suitable material, and has a height varying within a range of a few millimeters, depending on the application. The curb may be applied to the mat by using a known technology, for instance directly during the production of the belt or at a later stage, by vulcanizing, gluing or the like. Most applications envision the use of a curb with a thickness of a few millimeters, mounted parallel to an edge of the mat, at a few centimeters' distance from the latter. Other cases envision the application of two curbs at both sides of the mat, as illustrated in Figure 3, so as to prevent the item from slipping in either direction of the velocity vector of the sorting machine. In other cases, especially where items of a certain weight and/or volume or of a rounded shape must be handled, the use of curbs of considerable height, say a few centimeters and set-up at the edges of the mat may be considered. In this case - refer to Figure 4 - the curb may be constituted by a multiple number of adjacent but separate sectors 9, so as to oppose a limited resistance to flexing when the mat passes over the rollers. The described solution prevents any slippages in a direction parallel to the sense of motion. If the object to be sorted comes in contact with the curb while being loaded on the carrying unit, two positive effects occur: a greater friction due to the material constituting the curb, and a slight inclination of the support (meaning a less than perfect contact with the mat), with the resulting elimination of adverse effects due to presence of eventual air cushions. Moreover, in case of a loading of items of a limp nature or of a size exceeding that of the mat, the curb prevents or reduces the item's contact with the fixed surfaces which may cause some resistance in the unloading phase, with a consequent rotation of the item and potential changes in its trajectory. If the object comes in contact with the curb during the loading phase and tends to slip backward in the direction of motion of the sorting machine, the curb acts as a restraining bank. In essence, the invention envisions to provide for a restraining element in the form of a curb, bank or the like, capable of moving along with the mat of the carrying and sorting unit, and to do this in a manner contrary to the known state of the art, which provides instead for the installation of a fixed bank with all the limitation already mentioned above. It should lastly be noted that the application of the curb according to the invention also has a positive effect during the sorting of the items, thanks to the adherence it produces, which allows controlling the unloading trajectory of the items in a more accurate manner. An expert in the trade may envision numerous modifications and variants, all of which may however be considered to fall within the scope of this invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims: A mobile sorting unit for conveying and sorting items, characterized in that the mobile sorting unit includes: a trolley frame [2] arranged to be moved in a direction of motion; an endless belt [6] mounted on the frame [2] for rotation in a cross direction extending transversely to the direction of frame motion, the belt [6] including an outwardly facing surface for supporting items; and a motor [7] mounted on the frame [2] for rotating the belt [6]; the belt [6] including at least one upstanding curb [8] disposed on the outwardly facing surface of the belt [6] for rotation with the belt, the curb [8] extending in the cross direction; the upstanding curb [8] having a coefficient of friction higher than the coefficient of friction of the outwardly facing surface. The mobile sorting unit according to claim 1 wherein the at least one curb [8] comprises two parallel curbs. The mobile sorting unit according to claim 2 wherein the belt [6] includes a pair of side edges, the curbs [8] situated adjacent respective ones of the edges. The mobile sorting unit according to claim 1 wherein the at least one curb [8] is formed of a flexible high-friction material. The mobile sorting unit according to claim 1 wherein the at least one curb [8] comprises a row of adjacently disposed sectors [9]. The mobile sorting unit according to claim 1 wherein the belt [6] includes a pair of side edges, the curb [8] being disposed on the belt [6] at a distance from the side edges.

Inventors: GIANA ERMINIO, GIANA, ERMINIO
Applicants: SANDVIK AB
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B65G17
IPC codes: B65G17, B65G15