Tie lock assemblage with replaceable lock mechanism

Abstract: Changing the locking mechanism 26 in a U-lock, cable lock or other tie lock as often as desired is achieved without compromising the lock's resistance to physical damage. This function is achieved by an auxiliary sleeve 24, 124 that removably fits over the U-lock's crossbar 22 or the cable lock's end bar 122. The sleeve provides an aperture 92, 192, which is too small to permit the locking mechanism to be picked or pried, but which is operatively positioned and sufficiently large to provide access for a key to the keyway 89 of the locking mechanism.

Description: The present invention relates generally to locks and, more particularly, to improved lock assemblages for preventing theft of bicycles, motorcycles, scooters, mopeds, and the like. A rapidly growing number of bicycles, motorcycles, scooters, mopeds, and the like are in use throughout the world. In many countries, from Europe to Asia, small powered and non-powered two-wheeled vehicles have become a necessity for meeting a wide variety of transport, as well as recreation, requirements. The security device of choice for protecting such vehicles against the omnipresent threat of theft has been a tie lock assembly, for example a U-lock or cable lock. Such a U-lock typically comprises a semi-enclosure member or shackle having legs or fittings with configured feet, a straight crossbar having openings for reception of these feet, and a locking mechanism in the crossbar for retaining or releasing these feet. The cable lock would typically comprise a cable having at one end of the cable a leg or fitting with a configured foot, a bar extending from the other end of the cable and having an opening for reception of this foot, and a locking mechanism in the bar for retaining or releasing this foot. For protection against theft, this tie lock assemblage ties a strut or the like of the vehicle to a post, rail or other station. Kryptonite Corporation of the United States of America pioneered the first effective lock assemblage for this purpose under the trademark KRYPTONITE. Various methods have been adopted to challenge the security of such lock assemblies. These methods include cutting the tie component, i.e. the shackle or cable, with a heavy-duty bolt cutter, cutting the crossbar with a power saw, or disabling the locking mechanism with a power drill. In order to defeat such challenges, lock assemblage components are constructed from ever stronger materials in ever sturdier configurations. As a practical matter, changing locking mechanisms from time to time to guard against loss or theft of keys is as important as reliance on physical strength of the lock assemblage. However, strong materials and sturdy configurations often tend to discourage simple and frequent replacement of locking mechanisms. GB 2243866 (Squire) shows a shackle lock of the type in question. The lock can be changed by removing the components from an outer shell, but all the components have to be removed to achieve this. WO 93/23646 (Mul-T-Lock BV) similarly shows shackle and other locks where the lock components are contained in the crossbar and are all removed to replace the cylinder. DE-U1-29708087 (Rerlly Industry Co.) shows a U-lock with a cylinder inserted into a lock body, where the whole assembly is slid into a sleeve. One aim of the present invention is to facilitate the replacement of locking mechanisms in a lock assembly as often as desired, without compromising its resistance to physical damage. The present invention is defined in the attached independent claim 1, to which reference should now be made. Further, advantageous embodiments are detailed in the dependent claims. In essence, embodiments of the invention provide a "tamper-resistant" sleeve, which fits over the receiving means (i.e. the bar) for the tie component and provides an aperture to align with the locking mechanism in use that is too small to permit the locking mechanism to be picked or prised, but that is operatively positioned and large enough to provide access for a key to the keyway of the locking mechanism. The sleeve should be configured so that when the lock is in its locked state the sleeve is held in position with the aperture over the keyway. In one advantageous aspect, the present invention may provide a lock assemblage comprising a tie component part having at least one leg or fitting provided with a configured foot, a receiving means such as a bar or the like having an opening for receiving this foot, at least one bolt, such as a spring-pressed deadbolt, within the bar for mating with the configured foot, a lock located preferably in a seat within the bar for controlling the deadbolt, and a sleeve around the bar with an aperture that is sufficiently small to enable retention of the lock body within the seat and sufficiently large to permit access by a key to the keyway of the lock. In a U-lock version, the tie part may be a shackle having two feet and a crossbar having two openings for receiving these feet. In a cable version, the tie may be a cable having a foot at the end of the cable and an end bar having an opening for receiving this foot. The arrangement in each case is such that, when the foot or feet are disengaged from the bar, the sleeve can slide along the bar so as to expose the lock body within the seat. The lock can then be replaced readily, and the sleeve slid back on to hold it in place. In a shackle lock the sleeve may slide off the bar, wherein in a cable lock it can be arranged to slide along the cable during lock replacement. For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the present invention, reference is made to the following drawings, which show exemplary embodiments and in which: Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a U-lock assemblage comprising a shackle, a crossbar and a sleeve, embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the U-lock assemblage as shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end view of the crossbar of the U-lock assemblage as shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a broken-away cross-sectional view, showing the mechanism within the crossbar of the U-lock of Figs. 1 through 3, taken along the lines 4 - 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the sleeve of the U-lock assemblage of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is an end view of the sleeve as shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the crossbar of the U-lock assemblage of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is an end view of the crossbar as shown in Fig. 7; Fig. 9(a) is a side elevation of the lock of the U-lock assemblage of Fig. 1, shown in unlocked condition; Fig. 9(b) is a top view of the lock as shown in Fig. 9(a); Fig. 10(a) is a side elevation of the lock of the U-lock assemblage of Fig. 1, shown in the locked state; Fig. 10(b) is a top view of the lock as shown in Fig. 10(a); Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view, corresponding to the view shown in Fig. 4, in which the crossbar is enclosed by an aesthetic yet functional plastic casement; Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a cable assemblage comprising a cable, a foot, an end bar and a sleeve, embodying the present invention; Fig. 13 is an enlarged view showing the relationship between the cable assemblage of Fig. 12 and a side view of an associated key; and Fig. 14 is a plan view of the key of Fig. 13. The U-lock of Figs. 1 to 11 An illustrated embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. 1-4 as comprising a tie component in the form of a shackle 20, a receiving means in the form of a crossbar 22, a sleeve 24 and a locking assembly 26 within the crossbar. As shown, the shackle 20 includes a pair of generally parallel legs 28, 30, which are joined by an arc 32. With the exception of the free extremities of the legs i.e. the feet 19, 21, the shackle 20 has a uniform primary diameter. A plastic sleeve 33 is slipped over the legs 28 and 30. The extremities of the legs 28 and 30 have tapered portions 34 and 35, which extend to axial projection portions 36 and 38 that have reduced diameters. Adjacent or near to these extremities are inwardly directed notches 40 and 42. As shown, the crossbar 22 is a hollow tube having spaced retainer holes 44 and 46 of relatively large diameter, and spaced pilot holes 48 and 50 of relatively small diameter. The retainer hole 44 and pilot hole 48 are aligned along a radial axis that is normal to the axis of the crossbar. The retainer hole 46 and pilot hole 50 are also aligned along a radial axis normal to the axis of the crossbar. These two radial axes are parallel. The arrangement is such that the pilot hole 48 and pilot hole 50, respectively, are adapted to receive the projections 36 and 38 when the legs 28 and 30 have been inserted through retainer holes 44 and 46. As shown in Fig. 4, within the crossbar 22 is a web 52, which provides: end portions 54 and 56 for centering the web between two end plugs 58 and 60; and guide portions 62 and 64 for directing the projection portions of the legs into engagement with the pilot holes. The web 52 also contributes to the positioning of parts of the lock mechanism and assists in their operation in a manner now to be described. The lock mechanism, generally shown at 66, includes a pair of deadbolts 68 and 70, and a lock housing or barrel that is generally shown at 72. The deadbolts 68 and 70 are constrained by channels 74 and 76, which are established by the web and are biased in opposite directions by a pair of springs 78 and 80. The lock housing 72 includes a stationary base 82 and a rotational head 84. Normally, the base and the head of the barrel are aligned for easy insertion and removal through a configured opening 86 in the crossbar into an analogously configured seat portion 88 in the web 52. When so seated, the lock head 84 may be rotated by a key that has been inserted into a keyway 89 in the lock base 82. The arrangement is such that, when the lock mechanism is opened as shown in Figs. 10(a) and 10(b), the lock head 84 is oriented so that the dead bolts are free to reciprocate under their spring bias to accommodate insertion and removal of the shackle feet through the retainer holes 44 and 46 in the crossbar. On the other hand, when the feet of the shackle are fully seated in the crossbar 22 and the lock mechanism is closed, the lock head 84 forces the ends of the dead bolts 68 and 70 into firm engagement with the notches 40 and 42, thereby securing the shackle and the crossbar together. In normal use, removal of the lock housing 72 from the crossbar is prevented by the sleeve 24. The sleeve 24 is provided with an aperture 92, which is aligned with the keyway in the barrel base 82. This aperture is sufficiently small to enable retention of the lock within its seat and sufficiently large to permit access by a key to the keyway of the lock. The lock, once selected and inserted into the crossbar, is securely retained within the crossbar by the sleeve. The sleeve is joined to the crossbar by screws 94 and 96, which project through openings in the sleeve and are turned into threaded bores in the crossbar. The sleeve 24 extends the whole distance between the retainer holes 44 and 46 and is thus prevented from movement by retention between the two legs 28 and 30 (as well as by the screws 94, 96 which hold it in place when the shackle in removed). At the opposite side of the crossbar from the retainer holes, the sleeve extends to overlap the pilot holes and can therefore act as a stop for the projections 36 and 38. In practice, the shackle may be provided with a plastic jacket 98 as shown in Figure 11. With the exception of the plastic jacket enveloping the crossbar and associated sleeve, and the plastic sleeve enveloping most of the shackle, all components of the U-lock are composed of hardened steel. The Cable Lock of Fig. 12 Another illustrated embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 12 as comprising a cable 118, a foot 120, an end bar 122, a sleeve 124 and a locking assembly 126 within the end bar. As shown, the foot 120 is securely connected to the cable 118 by clamping, welding, swaging or the like. Typically, a plastic sleeve 128 is slipped over the entire length of the cable 118. The foot 120 has a tapered portion 132, which extends to an axial projection portion 136 that has a reduced diameter. In proximity with this extremity is an inwardly directed notch 140. As shown, the end bar 122 is a hollow tube having in its casing near one end a retainer hole 144 of relatively large diameter, and a pilot hole 148 of relatively small diameter. The retainer hole 144 and pilot hole 148 are aligned along a radial axis that is normal to the axis of the end bar. The arrangement is such that the pilot hole 148 is adapted to receive the projection 136 when the leg 128 has been inserted through the retainer hole 144. Within the end bar 122 are an outer web 152 and an inner plug 154. The web 152 also has an end portion 156 for capping the outer extremity of the end bar, and guide portions 162 for directing the projection portion of the leg into engagement with the pilot hole. The plug 154 is provided by the fixed end of the cable 118. The web 152, which securely abuts against the plug 154, also provides for positioning parts of the lock mechanism and assists in their operation in a manner now to be described. The lock mechanism 166 is identical to the lock mechanism 66 of the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 11. The lock mechanism includes a deadbolt 168 and a lock housing or barrel 172. The deadbolt 168 is constrained by the web 152 and is biased outwardly by a spring 178. The lock mechanism further includes a stationary base, like that shown at 82 in Fig. 4, and a rotational head, like that shown at 84. Normally, the base and the head of the lock mechanism are aligned for easy insertion and removal through a configured opening in the end bar into an analogously configured seat portion in the web 152. When so seated, the lock head may be rotated by a key that has been inserted into a keyway in the lock base. The sleeve 124 is shown as having a body portion 174 that fits over the end bar 122, and as having an inner portion 176 that tapers toward the cable portion 118 which is narrower than the end bar. When the foot 120 is disengaged, the sleeve may be slid rearwardly over the cable to expose the lock mechanism. The taper prevents the sleeve 124 sliding in the opposite direction. The end bar is secured to the plug by an insert 125. The arrangement is such that, when the lock mechanism is opened, the lock head is oriented so that the deadbolt is free to reciprocate under its spring bias to accommodate insertion and removal of the foot through the retainer hole in the sleeve and the end bar. However, when the foot of the cable is fully seated in the end bar and the lock mechanism is closed, the lock head forces the end of the deadbolt into firm engagement with the notch 140, thereby securing the cable and the end bar together. Ordinarily, removal of the lock housing from the end bar is prevented by the sleeve. The sleeve is provided with an aperture 192, which is aligned with the keyway in the lock base. This aperture is sufficiently small to enable retention of the lock within its seat and sufficiently large to permit access by a key to the keyway of the lock. The lock, once selected and inserted into the end bar, is securely retained within it by the sleeve. With the exception of the plastic jacket enveloping the cable, all components of the U-lock are composed of hardened steel. The embodiments of the present invention permit changing the locking mechanism in a tie lock assemblage, for example, a U-lock or cable lock, as often as desired, without compromising the resistance of the assemblage to physical damage. The locking mechanism, when operational, is protected by the auxiliary sleeve that fits over the crossbar or end bar of the lock assemblage and that provides an aperture that is too small to permit the locking mechanism to be picked or pried, but that is operatively positioned and large enough to provide access for a key 194 to the keyway 196 of the locking mechanism. The arrangement is such that, when the shackle or cable is disengaged and the sleeve is displaced from its position in which it retains the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism may be replaced readily through the opening in the crossbar or end bar. In the U-lock, the sleeve may slide partially or entirely off the crossbar when the screws 94, 96 and/or plastic jacket are removed. On the other hand, the sleeve of the cable lock is permanently retained by its tapered portion. In summary, in embodiments of the invention changing the locking mechanism in a U-lock, cable lock or other tie lock as often as desired is achieved without compromising the lock's resistance to physical damage. This function is achieved by an auxiliary sleeve that removably fits over the U-lock's crossbar or the cable lock's end bar. The sleeve provides an aperture, which is too small to permit the locking mechanism to be picked or pried, but which is operatively positioned and sufficiently large to provide access for a key to the keyway of the locking mechanism.

Claims: A lock assemblage comprising: (a) a tie component (20; 118) adapted to encompass a structural component of a movable object and a stationary object, this tie component (20; 118) being provided with at least one configured foot (19, 21; 120); (b) an elongate receiving means (22; 122) having: an opening (44, 46; 144) transverse to the length of the receiving means, for receiving the said foot; at least one bolt (68, 70; 168) for mating with the configured foot, so as to fasten the tie component to the receiving means; and a lock mechanism (66; 166) for controlling the bolt under the operation of a key, the lock including a barrel (72; 172) for insertion of the key, the barrel being seated in a generally cylindrical seating opening (86) in the receiving means; and (c) a sleeve (24; 124) around the receiving means, having an aperture (92; 192) sufficiently large to permit access by the key; wherein the sleeve (24; 124) is retained on the receiving means when the tie component is engaged with the receiving means (22; 122) but can be displaced when the tie component (20; 118) is disengaged in order to replace the lock mechanism; characterised in that the axis of the barrel and of its seating opening (86) are transverse to the sleeve axis, so that when the sleeve is displaced it slides along the receiving means to expose the barrel (72; 172), which can then be removed from the seating opening (86) in the receiving means in a direction transverse to the sleeve axis, while in normal use the barrel is retained by the sleeve, the key aperture (92; 192) being sufficiently small to enable retention of the lock mechanism within the receiving means (22; 122). A lock assemblage according to claim 1, in which the receiving means (22; 122) and the sleeve (24; 124) are substantially cylindrical, the interior of the sleeve fitting onto the exterior of the receiving means. A lock assemblage according to claim 1 or 2 and further including retention means to retain the sleeve (24; 124) on the receiving means even when the tie component (20; 118) is disengaged, the retention means for example comprising fastening means, preferably screws (94, 96), that directly attach the sleeve to the receiving means and/or a jacket at least partially covering the receiving means and sleeve. A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim, wherein the opening (86; 186) in the receiving means (22; 122) for insertion of the lock mechanism, and the lock mechanism itself have matching profiles. A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim and further comprising a web (52, 152) in the receiving means that is shaped to position the or each foot and preferably also the lock mechanism and the bolt. A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim, in which the lock mechanism (66; 166) comprises a stationary body (82) and a rotational head (84), the orientation of the head being controllable by a key in a keyway, one orientation permitting reciprocation of the bolt (68, 70; 168) and another orientation preventing it. A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim, in which the bolt is a spring-loaded deadbolt (68, 70; 168) that is spring-biased into mating contact with the configured foot (19, 21; 120) in order to engage the tie component, for which purpose the configured foot preferably presents a notch (40, 42; 140). A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim, wherein the receiving means (22; 122) includes in addition to the relatively large retaining opening (44,46;144) a relatively small pilot hole (48, 50; 148), these holes being aligned; the foot (19, 21; 120) has a primary diameter and is provided at its free extremity with a tapered portion leading to an axially projecting portion, this axially projecting portion (36, 38; 136) being of smaller diameter than the primary diameter; and the axially projecting portion is adapted to be retained in the pilot hole (48, 50; 148) when the foot is engaged with the receiving means. A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim and comprising a pair of oppositely directed spring-loaded bolts (68, 70) as aforesaid within the receiving means for mating with a pair of configured feet (19, 21). A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim, in which the receiving means is a tubular bar (22; 122) which in the locked configuration contains both ends of the tie component (20; 118). A lock assemblage according to any preceding claim and constituted as a U-lock, in which the tie-component comprises a shackle (20) having two legs (28, 30) at least one of which is provided with a configured foot as mentioned; and the receiving means comprises a preferably straight crossbar (22) having openings for receiving the feet. A lock assemblage according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the tie component comprises a cable (118) having a configured foot (120); and the receiving means (122) comprises an end bar fixed to the other end of the cable and having an opening (144) for receiving the said foot.

Inventors: MCDAID CORNELIUS, MCDAID, CORNELIUS
Applicants: KRYPTONITE CORP, KRYPTONITE CORPORATION
Application year: 1999
Main classification: E05B71
IPC codes: E05B67, E05B9