ATTACHMENT OF A BRIDGE AND TEMPLE HINGE TO THE LENS OF RIMLESS GLASSES

Abstract: Attachment of a bridge (18) and temple hinge (32) to the lens (12) of eye glasses. The attachment is accomplished by providing a pair of apertures (30) of a selected configuration in each lens adjacent to the outer and inner surface of the lens, a bushing (24) conforming to the lens apertures with a tapered aperture through the center thereof from front to back and tapering the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinges. This combination when in place in the lenses apertures provides a friction lock between the lens and the bridge and temple hinge. The taper can be in the range of 1 to 45 degrees. In another embodiment the lens can also have a tapered aperture either convergent from the front to the back of the lens or divergent from the front to the back of the lens. Ideally a taper of 4.5 degrees in the bushing is preferable with less taper in the lens apertures when tapered lens apertures are utilized. The taper can take the form of a frusto conic section, a cylinder, a rectangular or triangular in cross section. The distal ends of the bridge and temple hinge can be inserted either from the front of the lens toward the back or from the back toward the front. The distal ends of the temple hinge can be inserted directly into the aperture within the bushing for attachment or can additionally be bent formed to provide a bias between the outer surface of the lens adjacent the aperture for non rotational support. In some applications a notch is provided at the outer lens surface and the bent formed portion of the temple hinge is nested therein for additional mechanical support and to increase the resistance of relative rotation of the bridge or temple hinge.

Description: TITLE OF THE INVENTION Attachment of a bridge and temple hinge to the lens of rimless glasses BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention is directed to rim or rimless eye glasses and more specifically to means for fixedly attaching temples and bridges directly to the lens of the eye glasses. United States Patent No. 4,550,898 issued to Hafner teaches the use of clamps and screws to attached the bridge and temple hinges to the lens of rimless eye glasses. United States Patent No. 5,073,020 issued to Lindberg et al. teaches elongated slits for attaching the bridge and temple's hinges by a "U" shaped bent wire loop portions having a resilient expansion force (tension) on the outside surfaces of the "IT" shaped loop for maintaining the loops and associated bridge or temple hinge connection to the lens. There is a disadvantage to this type of connections in that it can be easily disengaged from the lens as there is no locking mechanism to prevent up and down motion on the bridge and temples from loosening or disengaging the wire to lens connection. United States Patent No. 5,450,141 issued to Kobayashi teaches temple hinge and nose piece attachment to rimless glasses by means of bolts passing through the lens and nuts holding them in place. United States Patent No, 5,585,870 issued to Masunaga teaches bridge and temple hinge connections to the lens of rimless eye glasses by a round wire formed bridge and temple hinge connected at three points on the lens of rimless glasses. The connections for bridge and temple teaches a hinge are made with a "U" shaped wire biased against the lens edge by tension provided by the distal end of the wire inserted into an aperture in the lens. The distal ends of the inserted wires have a polycarbonate buffer sleeve for preventing slackness between the lens aperture and the bridge and temple hinge ends. Even the improvement of the sleeve over the distal end of the inserted wire there is a tendency for the wire to loosen and become dislodged from the lens and render the eye glasses useless for the purpose intended. The ends of the bridge and temple hinge is bent against the edge of the lens. The bridge and temple hinge are in place by the bent wire forming pressure between the lens aperture and the lens edge. This connection applies a greater stress in the lens material. This reference teaches a cylindrical sleeve and a cylindrical lens aperture. The combination does not provide a locking of the distal ends of the temple hinge and bridge to the lens because of manufacturing tolerances in the lens aperture and sleeve bore. United States Patent No. 5,646,706 issued to Tzumitani teaches rimless eye glasses with apertures through the narrow vertically sides of the lens and with protrusions extending from the bridge and temple inserted into the apertures and adhered thereto by adhesive means. United States Patent No. 5,748,280 issued to Herman teaches a plurality of apertures through the lens of rimless glasses. Separate pairs of apertures are used to attach the temple and two pairs of apertures are used to attach the bridges. There is a continuing need to improve the bridge and temple or temple hinge attachment to the lens of rimless eye glasses keeping in mind a single point connection between the lens and the temple hinge and bridge that lightens the overall weight of the eye glasses while providing a snug fit that cannot be inadvertently become loosened or disengaged from the lens connection. The preferred embodiments of the instant invention proved an advancement in this art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is directed to rimless eye glasses, and more specifically to the connection of bridges and temple hinges to lens of eye glasses. This invention teaches and claims the temple hinge and the bridge being directly attached within an aperture through the lens and in one embodiment the bridge and temple hinge are additionally supported by a notch in both sides of each lens wherein the temple hinge and one side of the bridge to prevent rotation of the temple hinge and bridge single attachment. The distal tip of the temple hinge and bridge and the apertures in the eye glass lens can take many different general mating forms including frusto conic, rectangular and triangular. Tn a preferred embodiment, a spacer or shim of deformable resilient material having an outer cylindrical shape substantially the same diameter as the cylindrical apertures through the lens and an has an inner frusto conic bore is positioned between the lens apertures and the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinge. The aperture through the shim or spacer is shaped to conform to the tapered shape of the distal tip of the bridge and the lens aperture, i.e., the aperture through the bushing is either cylindrical, frusto conic, rectangular or triangular to conform with a like configuration of the distal ends of the bridge and temple. Tn another embodiment the bushing is split to accommodate the insertion of the distal tip of the bridge or temple hinge into the lens aperture. In this embodiment the bushing stays attached to the distal end of the bridge and temple hinge when removed therefrom. The bridge and temple hinge can be attached to the lens through either surface of the lens, i.e., front or back surfaces, and can be only one aperture connection or can be formed to provide a biasing force between an aperture and the outer edge of the lens surface. In another embodiment the side support includes a notch that resists rotation of the bridge or temple hinges when inserted within the lens aperture. The invention as disclosed in this application provides an improvement to rimless eye glasses by providing a more positive and secure connection between the lens and bridge and temple hinge and reduces the over all weight of the eye glasses. The principal object of this invention is to provide a light weight pair of rimless eye glasses. Another object of this invention is to provide a single connection positive lock connection between the eye glass lens and attached bridge or nosepiece and temple hinge. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following descriptions when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings that illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES Figure 1 is a perspective showing of a first embodiment of the invention employed on conventional rimless eye glasses with bridge and temple hinge attached through the inner surface of the eye glass lens; Figure 2 is a side cutaway view showing a first embodiment of a distal or tip lens aperture insertion/attachment end of the noise piece and temple hinge; Figure 3 is a side cutaway view showing of a first embodiment of a bushing of the invention for placement between a bridge and temple hinge lens aperture and the distal or tip insertion end of the noise piece and temple hinge for attachment to the lens; Figure 4 is a side cutaway showing of the distal end or tip of the temple hinge and bushing of Figures 2 and 3 inserted into a lens aperture for securement thereto; Figures 5-7 depicts various cross sectional configurations of the distal or tip of the bridge and temple hinge attachment to the lens; Figure 8 is a perspective showing of a second embodiment of the invention employed on conventional rimless eye glasses with bridge and temple hinge attached through the outer surface of the eye glass lens; Figure 9 is a cutaway side view showing similar to the showing of Figure 4 as related to the outer attachment of the bridge and temple hinge of Figure 8; Figure 10 is a second embodiment similar to the Figure 4 showing with the bridge and temple hinge distal end or tip inserted into a lens aperture from the back of the lens with the bushing inserted from the front of the lens; Figure 11 is a showing taken along line 11-11 of Figure 10; Figure 12 is a showing taken along line 12-12 of Figure 9; Figure 13 is a second embodiment of the bushing; Figure 14 is a detailed cutaway detail of the bridge and temple hinge attachment of Figure 8; Figure 15 is a cutaway showing similar to Figure 10 with an "S" bend in the temple hinge attachment to provide additional lens side notch support; Figure 16 is a perspective showing of a second embodiment of a bridge and temple hinge to lens attachment; Figure 17 is a cutaway showing similar to Figure 15 except the bridge and temple hinge and bushing are mounted through the front of the lens; Figure 18 is a partial showing of an eye glass lens showing the relative positions of the aperture and notch; Figures 19-21 depicts cutaway side views of a first, second and third apertures through lens configurations; Figure 22 is a cutaway side showing of a third embodiment of bridge and temple hinge to lens attachment; Figure 23 is a side detail showing of the distal end or tip of the bridge and temple hinge as shown in Figures 11 and 21; Figure 24 is a third embodiment of the bushing; Figure 25 is a cutaway showing of a fourth embodiment of the bushing; Figure 26 is an end view taken along line 26-26 of Figure 2; Figure 27 is a side detail showing of the distal end or tip of the bridge and temple hinge having locking ribs; and Figure 28 depicts a distal end of the temple hinge having an enlarged conical end protrusion there around. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to drawing Figures 1-7, Figure 1 depicts a perspective showing of one embodiment of the invention in combination with a pair of rimless eye glasses 10. The eye glasses include lens 12 having a front surface toward the right-hand side of the drawing Figures and the back of the lens is at the left of the drawing figures, temple hinges 14, temples 16, bridge 18 and nose pieces 20. The bridge, temple hinge and temple may be constructed of any suitable material either plastic or metal with beta titanium being preferable. The nose pieces can be constructed of any suitable material with a soft pliable material being preferable. Referring now specifically to drawing Figure 2, this Figure represents a side view if the distal end or tip 22 of both the bridge 18 and temple hinge 14. The distal end or tip 22 is either formed on the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinge or separately formed and slipped over the distal end or tip end of the material forming the bridge 18 and temple hinge 14 and is fixedly attached thereto by any suitable method such as, but not limited to, soldering, welding adhering or the like. The cross-section of the distal end or tip of the bridge and temple hinge may be divergent or convergent and take a number of different configurations such as those shown in drawing Figures 5-7. As shown in the drawing Figure 2 configuration that can be any one of the configurations shown in drawing Figures 5-7, the taper angle "A" of either converging or diverging toward the tip may vary in a range of slope angles from 1 degree to 45 degrees along the length of the tip 22. Drawing Figure 3 depicts a cutaway side view showing of a first embodiment of a bushing 24 with a channel 26 through the center axes 28 and a flange or protrusion 25. The channel 26 may be configured substantially the same as the tip 22 or either one may have different convergent or divergent slope angle "A" then the other. The sleeve shim 24 can be constructed of any material suitable for the purpose intended. Like the nose pieces 20, the bushing can be constructed of a form able material such as, by way of example and not intended as a limitation thereto, plastic, natural rubber, gum rubber or the like suitable for the purpose intended. Referring again to drawing Figure 4, there is depicted a partial side cutaway showing of the tip 22 and bushing 24 inserted into the apertures 30 and 31 through the front of lens 12 with the flange or protrusion 25 positioned against the lens surface. The cross-section of the apertures through the lens 12 in this embodiment may take any one of the various shapes shown in drawing Figures 4-7, as fore mentioned, and the cross sectional shape as the channel 26 through the bushing and configuration of the tip 22 may be alike or have relative different convergent or divergent slope angles. Again referring to drawing figure 4, the slots 32 and 33 at each edge of each lens receive a portion of the bridge or temple hinge therein. The center line 34 of the tip 22 is not parallel with the portion of the temple hinge engaging the slot 32 and similarly the nose piece between nose piece 18 and slot 33 have the same configuration as between 34 and the portion of 14 within the slot 32. The temple hinge portion engaging the slot is formed inward toward the center line 34 if the tip 22 forming an angle "B". This angle at "B" act to clamp the temple hinge portion in the slot toward the lens and centerline 34 of the tip 22 biasing the tip and the temple hinge portion in the slot toward each other by that preventing up and down or side movement of the temple hinge or bridge relative to the lens. Referring now specifically to drawing Figure 8, the showing in this Figure is similar to the showing and discussion of drawing Figure 1 above except that the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinges are inserted into the aperture 30 from the rear of the lens toward the front of the lens rather than from the front of the lens toward the rear of the lens. The insertion from the rear of the lens toward the front of the lens requires an "S" form at the distal end of the temple hinge rather than a "U" form at the distal end shown in drawing Figure 1. Referring now specifically to drawing Figure 9, this Figure depicts a sectional cross-sectional detail of the bridge and temple hinge attachment to the lens as depicted in drawing Figure 4 except that there is no notch at the outer lens surface and the bridge and temple hinge are biased between the outer lens surface and the cylindrical aperture 30. The bias is provide in the same manner as previously discussed above in the description of drawing Figure 4. Referring specifically to drawing Figure 10, this figure is similar to drawing Figure 9 except that the distal end of the bridge 18 and temple hinge 14 is attached to the aperture through the lens only and have no bias support at the lens edge. Also, the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinges are tapered divergently toward the front of the lens 12 rather than convergently toward the front of the lens with the bushing 24 inserted from the front of the lens and has a curvilinear end surface 36. Figure 11 depicts the cross-sectional configuration of the bridge and temple hinge cross-section at line 11-11 of Figure 10. Figure 12 depicts the cross-sectional configuration of the bridge and temple hinge cross-section at line 12-12 of Figure 9. Figure 13 is a second embodiment of the bushing 24 having a non tapered aperture 38 through the longitudinal center line. Figure 14 is a cutaway cross sectional detail showing of the bridge 18 and temple hinge 14 to lens connection for Figure 8. Figure 15 is a showing of a back lens 12 connection with the "S" configured bends in the distal ends of the bridge 18 and the temple hinge connected to the lens in the same manner as that shown in drawing Figure 10. Figure 16 is a perspective showing of the distal ends of the bridge and temple hinge formed from flat material with a distal end or tip 38 swedged or otherwise fixedly attached to the distal end of the bridge and temple hinge through in an aperture 40. Figure 17 is similar to the Figure 16 showing with the connections installed through the front of a lens 12 in an aperture 26 of bushing 24 as herein before discussed. Figure 18 is a section of a lens 12 showing the position relationship of notch 32, notch 33 (not shown in this Figure) being on the opposite side of the lens and the aperture 30. Figures 19-21 depicts different configured apertures 30 through the lens 12. Figure 19 depicts an aperture converging from the front surface toward the rear surface of the lens 12. Figure 20 depicts an aperture diverging from the front surface toward the rear surface of the lens 12. Figure 21 depicts an aperture that is the same cross-sectional configuration from the front surface toward the rear surface of the lens 12. Figure 22 depicts a cross-sectional showing of a second embodiment of a lens front inserted bridge and temple hinge connection with the aperture 30 and the distal ends or tips being divergent from the front toward the rear surface of the lens 12. Figure 23 depicts a detail showing of the bridge and temple hinge distal ends or tips as shown in drawing Figures 10 and 22. Figure 24 depicts a third embodiment of the bushing 24 having a locking flange 42 that when installed within aperture 30 of the lens is locked into the lens between protrusion 25 and flange 42. This bushing 24 can have any configured mating aperture 26 therethrough. Figure 25 depicts a fourth embodiment of the bushing 24 having a divergent aperture 31 therethrough from the protrusion 25 toward the flange 42. A slit 44 along the sleeve allows for expansion when inserted and compressing when removed. Figure 26 is an end view showing taken along line 26-26 showing the slit 44; and Figure 27 shows a bridge or temple hinge tip 22 that includes a plurality of locking ribs 44 that have an angled slope on one surface and a right angle surface opposite thereto for allowing easily insertion into the bushing 24 when inserted angled slope surface first and resistive to removal after inserted. The ribs also provide some expansion force between the end 22, bushing 24 and aperture 30 increasing locking forces therebetween. Referring now to drawing figure 28, the distal end of the temple hinge and the ends of the bridge not shown (being identical with the distal end of the temple hinge) have a tapered end with a first taper and an enlarged second taper at the distal end thereof. As shown in the drawing Figure 28 the temple hinge distal end (as does the distal ends of the bridge) has a first taper 46 extending from the temple hinge 14-18 and a second taper 48 at the distal tip. The second taper 48 provides for ease of insertion into the tapered bushing 22 and resists removal of the temple distal ends and the bridge distal ends from the lens 12 when inserted within the lens aperture 30 through the lens. The distal end taper 48 may extend through the lens as shown or may terminate within the lens or external of the lens surface. It should be noted that the temple hinge need not bare against the outer lens surface to maintain the distal ends of the temple hinge within the lens aperture 30. The notch 32-33 in the outer lens surface shown provides rotational stability to the temple hinge. Tn the instant invention, as contrasted with the prior art, teaches and claims that a change in shape between a cylinder and a tapered cylinder produces a fundamental change in the behavior of the system. First, assume that it is desired to press a generally temple end with a cylindrical sleeve there over into a cylindrical hole of a slightly smaller diameter so as to produce a secure joint. Furthermore, assume that, due to manufacturing tolerances, the diameter of the distal end of the temple hinge and aperture through the lens will vary in diameter. Tt follows that if both the frictional holding force required in that joint and the force required to insert the member into the hole will vary widely according to diameter tolerance variations. Tn contrast, a tapered member described herein inserted into a tapered hole with a known force always produces a consistent holding force regardless of the variations in tolerance of the distal end of the temple hinge or an aperture through the lens. This feature is a great practical benefit to both the manufacturing and assembly process, and in fact proves to be elemental to insuring that the stress in the glass or plastic lens does not rise to a level that produces a failure in the lens material. Tt should be understood that although the explanation of the invention has been directed to rimless eye glasses it should be understood that the invention can be employed in rimed eye glasses where either the bridge or temple hinge is attached directly to t he lens rather than the rim. The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the present invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not intended to limit the invention to the exact construction and applications shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be regarded as falling within the scope of the invention in the appended claims and their equivalent. We claim:

Claims: 1 An improved attachment means for attaching the temple hinges and bridge directly to the lenses of eye glasses comprising: apertures through each of said lenses; a bushing formed from resilient material for insertion into each of said apertures, said bushing having an aperture therethrough; said bridge and temple hinge formed with their distal ends generally having an end to end taper for frictional attachment within said bushing aperture, whereby when said distal ends of said bridge and temple hinges are seated in their respective bushing apertures they are locked therein. 2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said lenses aperture are cylindrical. 3. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein each said apertures are rectangular and said distal ends have a rectangular cross-sectional taper between their ends. 4. The invention as defined in claim 3 wherein said rectangular cross- sectional of said apertures is square and said distal ends of said bridge and temple hinge taper between their ends is square. 5. The invention as defined in claim 3 wherein said apertures are triangular and said distal ends of said bridge and temple hinge have a triangular cross-sectional taper between their ends. 6. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said bridge and said temple hinges adjacent their distal ends are bent formed so that they bear against the outer surface of said lens when said distal ends thereof are inserted into said tapered apertures placing a biasing tension therebetween. 7. The invention as defined in claim 6 additionally comprising a notch in the outer surface of said lens wherein said bent formed distal ends are received within said notch when the distal ends are inserted within said aperture. 8. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said bushing has a first and second end surfaces and a first end surface includes a protrusion. 9. The invention as defined in claim 1 herein said bushing has a longitudinal split through a side surface. 10. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said bridge and temple distal ends have a taper between said ends is selected from a range of tapers from 1 to 45 degrees. 11. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said distal ends of said bridge and temple are formed with a tapered sleeve there over which is fixedly attached thereto. 12. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein when said distal ends are inserted into the front surface of said lens and the adjacent bridge and temple hinge structures are bent formed into a "S" configuration with a portion of the bent form structure biased against the outer surface of said lens. 13. The invention as defined in claim 12 further comprising a notch in each side of said lens wherein said bent form structure biased against the outer surface of said lens is captive therein. 14. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein when said distal ends are inserted into the back surface of said lens and the adjacent bridge and temple hinge structure are bent formed into a "C" configuration with a portion of the bent form structure biased against the outer surface of said lens. 15. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein when said distal ends are inserted into the front surface of said lens the adjacent bridge and temple hinge structure are bent formed into a "S" configuration with a portion of the bent form structure biased against the outer surface of said lens. 16. The invention as defined in claim 1 further comprising a notch in each side of said lens wherein said bent form structure biased against the outer surface of said lens is captive therein. 17. The invention as defined in claim 1 further comprising a notch in each side of said lens wherein said bent form structure is biased against the outer surface of said lens and is captive therein. 18. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said distal ends further comprises at least one locking rib along the outer surface thereof. 19. The invention as defined in claim 18 wherein said at least one locking rib has a smooth tapered surface and a right-angled surface adjacent thereto relative to the longitudinal center line of said distal end with the small end of said smooth tapered surface being directed toward the small end of the bridge and temple hinge taper. 20. The invention as defined in claim 19 wherein said at least one locking rib has a smooth tapered surface and a right-angled surface adjacent thereto relative to the longitudinal center line through said distal end with the small end of said smooth tapered surface being directed toward the large end of the bridge and temple hinge taper. 21. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said bridge and temple tapered distal ends have a spaced bifurcation along their surface. 22. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein the distal tip of said bridge and temple hinge comprise a protrusion there around. 23. The invention as defined in claim 22 wherein said tip protrusion has a diameter greater than the adjacent end of said bridge and temple hinge. 24. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said tip protrusion extends beyond said aperture through said lens when said bushing and bridge and temple tips are inserted into the lense apertures. 25. The invention as defined in claim 22 wherein said protrusion is in the shape of a frusto conic section. 26. The hwrention as defined in claim 1 wherein said at least one locking rib comprises a plurality of locking ribs.

Inventors: CONNER BRIAN N, CONNER WILLIAM A, KLINE DANIEL S, CONNER, BRIAN, N., CONNER, WILLIAM, A., KLINE, DANIEL, S.
Applicants: MICROVISION OPTICAL INC, MICROVISION OPTICAL, INC.
Application year: 1999
Main classification: G02C1
IPC codes: G02C1