COMBINATION STRING AND BLADE TRIMMER WITH AUXILIARY BLOWER FUNCTION

Abstract: A trimming tool includes a selectable blade attachment for effecting a conversion between a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode without requiring disassembly of the unit. The assembly includes a locking mechanism (46) selectively engageable with a pivotiing trimming blade (40) that pivots between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. In one embodiment, the locking mechanism is reciprocated between the locked position and the unlocked position based on a rotation direction of the motor. The locking mechanism itself may also be reciprocated by centrifugal force. A spool lock, which is also positioned by centrifugal force, disables automatic string feeding in the blade trimming mode. The trimming tool may also be provided with a blower function incorporating a blower attachment readily attachable as a trimming guard of the trimming tool or a blower assembly integrated into the tool components.

Description: COMBINATION STRING AND BLADE TRIMMER WITH AUXILIARY BLOWER FUNCTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a trimming tool and, more particularly, to a combination string and blade trimmer including an auxiliary blower function. A trimming tool is typically used for cutting vegetation such as grass and the like using one or more strings secured to a string spool assembly that is rapidly rotatably driven by a motor. A blade trimmer operates on the same principle as a string trimmer, but uses one or more blades in place of the string. Blades normally do a better cutting job than string, but blades cannot be used against a curb or hard surface. It is thus desirable to provide a trimming tool that can be selectively used in a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode. Previously, in order to convert a string trimming tool to a blade trimming tool, the trimmer head had to be disassembled and reassembled to replace the string spool housing with a blade unit. By the nature of the tool, the disassembly of the trimmer head is inherently a dirty task that most consumers would only perform once and would not bother to repeat. In addition, clippings resulting from the cutting operation must be raked and collected to improve the overall appearance of the grounds maintenance. It would thus also be desirable to incorporate a blower function with the trimming tool to facilitate collection and removal of clippings from the cutting operation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The combination string and blade trimming tool according to the present invention enables a quick conversion between a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode without requiring the user to disassemble and replace a trimmer head. Moreover, the structure according to the invention also contemplates an auxiliary blower function that utilizes airflow generated by operation of the motor to be fluted to an exit opening to effect the blower function. Alternatively, a fan could be provided separately from the motor for increased efficiency. According to the present invention, a selectable blade assembly attachment is attachable to an existing or slightly modified string trimmer assembly. In one embodiment, one or more trimming blades are pivotally attached to a disc or the like, which in turn engages a string spool housing of the trimmer. The one or more trimming blades are biased toward a retracted position by a spring and are locked in the retracted position by a locking mechanism in a string trimming mode. To convert from the string trimming mode to the blade trimming mode, the motor direction is reversed, releasing the locking mechanism, and the one or more trimming blades are pivoted to an extended position against the force of the spring by centrifugal force. The locking mechanism may be an inertial lock that is activated by centrifugal force. In order to convert back to the string trimming mode, when the motor is stopped, the one or more trimming blades are pivoted toward the retracted position by the spring, and the locking mechanism is engaged when the motor rotates in the string trimming mode direction. With this structure, an operator can readily switch between a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode without requiring disassembly of the trimming head. In an alternative arrangement of the invention, the combined functionality can be achieved without requiring reversing of the motor. In this arrangement, a mechanical actuator positioned near the handle of the tool is attached to a rotatable cam plate or the like. When the operator rotates the cam plate, cam surfaces on the cam plate shift a latch pin from a lowered position to a raised position, which in turn displaces a latch from a locking position to a releasing position. In the releasing position, the trimming blade is free to pivot outward by centrifugal force against the force of the spring. When the motor is stopped, if the operator desires to return the tool to the string trimming mode, the trimming blade is returned toward its retracted position by the spring and can be resecured with the latch by again rotating or pulsing the cam plate with the mechanical actuator. Thus, with this structure, the selectable trimming modes can be realized also without requiring disassembly of the trimming head and additionally without requiring an implementation of a reversible motor. A permanent auxiliary blower capability can be incorporated into the trimming tool according to the invention. In this context, the Ian may be separated from or part of the string spool, and a blower scroll is inserted around the fan and under the spool. The scroll is screwed or otherwise secured to the underside of the tool guard. The blower preferably functions continuously with motor cooling air being directed by the blower scroll. Alternatively, an optional air exit cover may be connected by cable or the like to a handle trim/blow selector switch, and in the trim mode, essentially motor cooling air blows into the string oi ¬ blade plane to act as an air boost; in the blow mode, the cover is full open for mass directed air forward. With the blower functionality, the trimming tool according to the invention incorporates diverse applications and facilitates collection and removal of clippings from the trimming operation. In accordance with a particular aspect of the present invention, there is provided a selectable blade attachment for string trimming tool including a motor rotatably driving a string spool housing. The selectable blade attachment includes a trimming blade assembly engaging the string spool housing and having at least one trimming blade. The trimming blade is pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. The blade attachment preferably further includes a locking mechanism selectively engageable with the trimming blade, wherein in a locked position, the locking mechanism locks the trimming blade in the retracted position. The locking mechanism is preferably structured such that it is reciprocated between the locked position and an unlocked position by centrifugal force. In one arrangement of the invention, the locking mechanism is reciprocated between the locked position and the unlocked position based on a rotation direction of the motor. In preferred forms, the trimming blade is biased toward the retracted position by a spring. Additionally, the attachment preferably includes a spool lock engageable with the string spool housing in a locking position to prevent automatic string feeding in the blade trimming mode, wherein the spool lock is shifted between a releasing position and the locking position by centrifugal force. Other features of the invention utilize a locking bar and blade lock plate in the locking mechanism. Structure supporting the blade and locking mechanism may include chamfered edges to decrease wind resistance during operation. In yet another arrangement of the invention, the locking mechanism is engaged and disengaged with an actuator, such as a pull cable. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a trimming tool including a motor having an output shaft, a string spool housing attached to the output shaft for rotation by the motor, wherein the string spool housing spools a cutting string for the tool, and a trimming blade assembly engaging the string spool housing including at least one trimming blade, wherein the trimming blade is pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. In yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of operating a trimming tool in a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode. The method includes providing a motor having an output shaft, providing a string spool housing attached to the output shaft for rotation by the motor, with the string spool housing spooling a cutting string for the tool, and providing a trimming blade assembly engaging the string spool housing and including at least one trimming blade, with the trimming blade being pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. In the string trimming mode, the method includes locking the trimming blade in the retracted position, and rotating the motor with the trimming blade in the retracted position. In the blade trimming mode, the method includes releasing the trimming blade, and rotating the motor so that the trimming blade is pivoted to the extended position by centrifugal force. The rotating step in the string trimming mode may include the step of rotating the motor in a first direction, and the rotating step in the blade trimming mode may include the step of rotating the motor in a second direction, opposite from the first direction. The method may still further include preventing string spool feeding in the blade trimming mode. In another step, the method includes effecting a blower function using the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These and other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the trimming tool incorporating a blade attachment according to the present invention; ~ FIGURE 2 is a bottom view of the trimming tool with the blade attachment removed showing the string spool housing; FIGURE 3 A is a plan view of the blade attachment with the first covering disc removed; FIGURE 3B is a plan view of the second disk; FIGURE 3C is a plan view of the blade assembly attached to the trimming tool; FIGURES 3D and 3E illustrate an alternative blade assembly; FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of a spool lock used in conjunction with the present invention; FIGURE 5 A is a plan view of an another alternative blade assembly; FIGURE 5B is a side view of the blade assembly illustrated in FIGURE 5A; FIGURE 6 is a close-up view of an inertial lock in the embodiment illustrated in FIGURE 5A; FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view according to a third embodiment of the present invention; and FIGURES 8A-8D illustrate structure effecting a blower function according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments on the invention will be described with reference to the FIGURES, wherein like elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the FIGURES. Referring to FIGURE 1 , a trimming tool 10 according to the invention includes a handle assembly 12 coupled via a shaft 14 to a trimming assembly 16. Operator functions are accessed by conventional switches and the like at the handle. The tool 10 includes a motor having an output shaft and a string spool housing 22 attached to the output shaft for rotation by the motor. The string spool housing 22 spools a cutting string for the tool in a known manner. Additionally, the string spool housing 22 incorporates a known automatic string feed mechanism that utilizes centrifugal force to sense a string breakage as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,607,431 and 5,063,673, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Upon such a breakage, the mechanism effects automatic feeding of the string from the string spool housing 22. As shown in FIGURE 2, a bottom surface of the string spool housing 22 according to the invention is provided with one or more lugs 28 secured thereto for rotation with the string spool housing 22. In a preferred arrangement, the string spool housing 22 is provided with two lugs 28 disposed 180° apart. In the first embodiment according to the present invention, the blade attachment is coupled to the trimming tool 10 via the lugs 28 on the string spool housing 22 and a center shaft 29. 6 Referring to FIGURES 3A-3C, the first embodiment of the invention will be described in detail. The blade attachment 30 according to the first embodiment of the invention includes a first disc 32 that is engageable with the string spool housing 22 of the trimming tool via the lugs 28 and the center shaft 29 and a second disc 34 (see FIGURE 1 ) that sandwiches the inside components of the blade assembly 30 between the first and second disks 32, 34. The first disc 32 includes a pair of arcuate slots 36 formed radially inward from an outside edge of the first disc 32 about midway between the edge of the first disc 32 and its center. The arcuate slots 36 are shaped to receive the lugs 28 secured to the string spool housing 22. The lugs 28 are displaced in the slots 36 as a function of the rotation direction of the string spool housing 22. The first disc 32 supports a pair of pivot posts 38 disposed substantially 180° from each other. The pivot posts 38 pivotally support trimming blades 40 of the blade assembly 30. As shown in FIGURES 3Λ and 3C, each trimming blade 40 includes a cutting component 40 A pivoting on one side of the pivot post 38 and a camming component 40B on another side of the pivot post 38. The cutting components 40A may be formed with an air foil shaped cross-section to reduce wind drag during operation. In operation, the trimming blades are pivoted to a retracted position in a string trimming mode and an extended position (shown in phantom in FIGURE 3C) in a blade trimming mode. In the string trimming mode, the motor is operated to drive the string spool housing 22 in the direction denoted by arrow ST in FIGURE 3C. With this rotation, the lugs 28 are positioned in the arcuate slots 36 in engagement with the camming component 40B of the trimming blade 40. Consequently, the blades 40 are locked in the retracted position by the lugs 28 engaging the camming components 40B of the trimming blades 40 and are prevented from pivoting to their extended position. In order to convert the operating mode from the string trimming mode to the blade trimming mode, the user actuates a mechanical switch at the handle or the like to reverse the rotation direction of the motor. The motor thus drives the string spool housing 22 in the direction denoted by arrow BT in FIGURE 3C. As a result, the lugs 28 are shifted (clockwise in FIGURE 3C) along the arcuate slots 36 to the opposite end of the arcuate slots as shown in FIGURE 3C. With the lugs 28 shifted to this position, the lugs 28 are disengaged from the camming component 40B of the trimming blade 40, and the trimming blades are free to pivot about the pivot posts 38 by centrifugal force. The trimming blades 40 are preferably biased toward the retracted position by a torsion spring 42 or the like secured between each trimming blade 40 and the first disc 32. The torsion springs 42 are secured in spring slots 43 formed in the first disc 32 as shown in FIGURE 3B. In the blade trimming mode, the centrifugal force acting on the trimming blades is greater than the bias effected by the torsion spring 42. The torsion spring 42 also acts as a displaceable stop for the trimming blades by the spring slot 43, defining a fully extended position. The spring 42 enables the blades to be hyper-extended in the event of contact with a hard object or the like to prevent breakage of the blades. When the motor is stopped, the torsion spring 42 urges the trimming blades back to the retracted position. If the user elects to convert back to the string trimming mode by again reversing the rotation direction of the motor, the lugs 28 engage the camming components 40B of the trimming blades 40 to urge and lock the trimming blades 40 into the retracted position. The string 44 is spooled about the string spool housing 22 in a conventional manner. From the string spool housing 22, the string is guided via apertures and spring guides to a cutting position. In the blade trimming mode, the string 44 remains extracted but is ineffective as the string guides and the like guide the string to a position directly behind the extended trimming blade 40. By positioning the string in this manner, the string 44 will draft behind the trimming blade 40, thereby reducing drag resistance by the spring and increasing fuel or electrical efficiency and motor output. In the event of string breakage in the string trimming mode, the trimming tool 10 is provided with the automatic feed mechanism as mentioned above. In general, the automatic feed mechanism utilizes a lock lever to lock and release the string spool housing 22 using centrifugal force generated by a desired length of string. In the event of string breakage during use, the centrifugal moment of the string is reduced to release the locking mechanism, and string is fed from the string spool housing 22 until the string length creates a sufficient centrifugal moment to re-actuate the spool locking mechanism. The details and structure of the auto-feeding mechanism are described in the above-referenced U.S. patents, and further detail will not be provided. In the blade trimming mode, it is necessary to deactivate the automatic string feeding mechanism as the extended blades have an unpredictable result and effect on the centrifugal moment of the string. For this purpose, a spool lock 46 is secured to a raised connector 48 in the first disc 32. Referring to FIGURE 4, the spool lock 46 includes a shaped connecting aperture 50 engaging the raised connector 48 (FIGURE 3B) of the first disc 32 and a locking tab 52 coupled via an arm 54 or the like to the shaped connecting aperture 50 and extending through a spool lock slot 56 (FIGURE 3B) in the first disc 32. The shaped connecting aperture 50 is slightly larger in one dimension (e.g., width in FIGURE 3C) than the raised connector 48 of the first disc 32. As a consequence, the spool lock 46 is shiftable on the raised connector 48 by an amount defined by the size of the shaped connecting aperture 50. The spool lock 46 is shiftable by centrifugal force between a releasing position in the string trimming mode and a locking position in the blade trimming mode. As shown in FIGURE 3C, in the string trimming mode, a front end of the arm 54 of the spool lock 46 engages the trimming blade 40 in its retracted position. In the string trimming mode with the trimming blades 40 locked in the retracted position, the spool lock 46 is prevented from being shifted forward into the locking position by one of the trimming blades 40. In the releasing position, 9 the automatic string feed is functional in its normal manner. In the blade trimming mode as described above, the trimming blades 40 are pivoted to their extended position by centrifugal force, and the spool lock 46 is free to shift by centrifugal force to the locking position. In the locking position, the locking tab 52 acts against an inside diameter of the string spool housing 22 to thereby prevent string feeding. The string spool housing 22 may be provided with posts or locking ribs 57 or the like (see FIGURE 2) in its inside diameter for this purpose. As shown in FIGURE 3 A and 3C, the camming component 40B of the trimming blade 40 is preferably thinner than the cutting component such that in the retracted position, the cutting component engages the arm 54 of the spool lock 46, thereby preventing the spool lock 46 from shifting to the locking position, and in the extended position, the camming component 40B of the trimming blade 40 can be pivoted between the arm 54 of the spool lock and the first disc 32. In this manner in the event that the trimming blade 40 is hyper-extended beyond the displaceable stop by the torsion spring 42 during operation, e.g., by hitting a hard object, the camming component 40B passes between the arm 54 of the spool lock and the first disc 32, and the trimming blade 40 is protected from damage. The second disc 34 is fitted to the pivot posts 38 by apertures or the like and secured at its center by any suitable and well-known securing structure such as a snap ring or the like. The second disc 34 sandwiches components of the blade assembly and secures the trimming blades 40 on the pivot posts 38. Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGURES 3D and 3E. In this alternative arrangement, the blade assembly 30 of the first embodiment is replaced with a modified blade assembly 30', wherein the lugs 28 are replaced with blade pivot pins 28' secured to a driver disc 32', which in turn is coupled for rotation with the string spool housing 22. The driver disc 32' forms part of the string spool housing 22. The pivot pins 28' in the driver disc 32' pivotally support the trimming blades 40' and engage arcuate slots 36' in a driven 10 disc 34'. The driven disc 34' also includes stop pins 37 attached thereto. In operation, in the string trimming mode, the motor drives the spool housing in the direction indicated by arrow ST. The pivot pins 28' are shifted to corresponding ends of the slots 36' (clockwise in FIGURE 3D) by the rotation direction of the driver disc 32'. The stop pins 37 in the string trimming mode prevent the blades 40' from pivoting outward, and thereby serve as a locking mechanism for the blades 40'. When the operator desires to operate the tool in the blade trimming mode, the motor is reversed and driven in the direction indicated by arrow BT in FIGURE 3D. The pivot pins 28' then shift along the arcuate slots 36' (counterclockwise in FIGURE 3D) to the opposite end of the slots 36', and the trimming blades 40' are freed to pivot to their extended positions by centrifugal force (shown in phantom in FIGURE 3D). When the motor is stopped, the blades 40' may be returned to their retracted position by engaging the pivot pins 37 as the motor drives the spool housing in the string trimming mode direction, or the blades may be spring biased toward their retracted position. Similar to the first embodiment, the assembly according to this embodiment incorporates a spool lock to prevent string feeding in the blade trimming mode. According to another embodiment of the invention, referring to FIGURES 5A, 5B and 6, the first disc 32" is formed in an oblong shape. The first disc 32" similarly includes arcuate slots 36" receiving lugs 28 secured to the string spool housing 22. In this embodiment, as seen in FIGURE 5Λ, the arcuate slots 36" arc smaller than the arcuate slots 36 in the first embodiment as the locking mechanism in this embodiment does not utilize the lugs 28. Rather, the slots 36" and slightly modified lugs 28" cooperate to effect the functionality of the spool lock 46 discussed in connection with the first embodiment. In particular, the lugs 28" are provided with a cam surface or the like for cooperation with a corresponding surface on the spool lock 46. In the 1 1 string trimming mode, the cam surfaces are disengaged from the spool lock 46, thereby permitting the automatic string feed operation. In the blade trimming mode, as the lugs 28" shift along the slots 36", the cam surface of at least one of the lugs 28" engages the corresponding surface of the spool lock, thereby preventing string feeding. The first disc 32" supports a modified blade assembly 60 incorporating an inertial lock 62. As opposed to pivot posts 38 as in the first embodiment, rotatable posts or blade pivots 64 are rotatably mounted in the first disc 32" with a bearing or the like. The blade pivots 64 are keyed in a suitable manner as shown in the FIGURES, and the trimming blade 40" is correspondingly keyed with a shaped aperture for rotation with the blade pivot 64. The inertial lock 62 includes a locking bar 68 pivotally secured to the first disc 32" and spaced from the blade pivot 64 as shown in FIGURE 5A. The locking bar 68 pivots about a pivot pin 69 attached to the first disc 32". A blade lock plate 70, which is substantially tear-drop shaped as shown in the FIGURE, is also keyed to the blade pivot 64 with a shaped aperture or the like for rotation with the blade pivot. A cover 72 is attached to the first disc 32" over the inertial lock 62 components by screws or an ultrasonic seal and secures the trimming blade 40", blade lock plate 70 and locking bar 68. Both sides of the trimming blade 40" in this embodiment are formed with a cutting edge, such that in the event one edge becomes worn, the cover 72 can be removed, and the trimming blade can be turned over. In the string trimming mode, the blade 40" is urged to its retracted position by a spring, and the locking bar 68 of the inertial lock 62 is pivoted to a locked position engaged with the blade lock plate 70, thereby preventing the blade 40" from pivoting away from its retracted position. When the motor is reversed to convert the operation from the string trimming mode to the blade trimming mode, centrifugal force causes the locking bar 68 to pivot to a released position separated from the blade lock plate 70 (counterclockwise in FIGURE 5A 12 as shown in phantom). The trimming blade 40" is then free to pivot by centrifugal force against the force of the torsion spring to its extended position for blade trimming. In this embodiment, the torsion spring is secured between the first disc 32" and the blade pivot 64 supporting the trimming blade. When the motor is stopped, the torsion spring urges the trimming blade 40" back to the retracted position, and the blade lock plate 70 is passed by the locking bar 68. Upon restart of the motor in the string trimming mode, centrifugal force shifts the locking bar 68 back to its locked position before the blade tries to swing outward. This embodiment also incorporates the spool lock 46 discussed in connection with the first embodiment. In addition, the second disc 34" is attached to the first disc 32" in a manner similar to that discussed in connection with the first embodiment. Also similar to the first embodiment, the string is guided from the string spool housing 22 to the exterior of the assembly such that in the blade trimming mode, the string directly follows the blade in its extended position. Consequently, the string drafts with the blade to reduce wind drag and increase system operation and efficiency. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGURE 5B, the perimeter of the first disc 32" is provided with a chamfered edge 74 to further reduce wind drag. As described above, in the embodiments according to the invention, blade trimming is effected by reversing a rotation direction of the motor. In each embodiment, a locking mechanism is selectively engageable with the trimming blade to lock the trimming blade in its retracted position in the string trimming mode. Each locking mechanism is structured such that it is reciprocated between a locked position and an unlocked position based on a rotation direction of the motor. Additionally, the one or more trimming blades are biased toward their retracted position by a torsion spring or the like such that when the motor is stopped in the blade trimming mode, the blades are automatically retracted toward their retracted position by the spring. 13 A fourth embodiment according to the invention will be described with reference to FIGURE 7. In this alternative embodiment, the blade trimming mode is effected without reversing the rotation direction of the motor. Rather, a pull cable 82 or like actuator is extended at one end to the handle 12 (FIGURE 1 ) and at its other end is secured to a rotary cam plate 84. The rotary cam plate 84 contains one or more cam surfaces 86 such that as the cable 82 is actuated, the rotary cam plate 84 is rotated from a home position to an end position, which is defined by a stop, and the cam surfaces 86 shift the rotary cam plate 84 (upwardly in FIGURE 7) into engagement with a pair of latch release pins 88. The cam plate 84 is preferably stamped steel with four cam surfaces formed on its periphery. The latch release pins 88 are coupled with a latch 90 that is displaceable by the latch release pins 88 between a locking position and a releasing position. The latch 90 is preferably formed of stamped sheet metal or the like. In the locking position, as shown in FIGURE 7, the latch 90 engages the pivotable trimming blades 40'", thereby preventing the trimming blades 40'" from pivoting to their extended position by centrifugal force. A spool housing 92 is provided with suitably shaped cavities 94 such that when the latch 90 is displaced to the releasing position, catching portions 90 A of the latch are shifted into the cavities 94 such that the trimming blades 40'" are released by the latch 90 and can be pivoted to their extended position by centrifugal force. A spring 96 is disposed in the cavity 94 to urge the latch 90 toward its locking position. Similar to previously described embodiments, the trimming blades are biased toward the retracted position by a torsion spring or the like. In operation, when the user desires to switch from the string trimming mode to the blade trimming mode, the user actuates the pull cable 82 to rotate the rotary cam plate 84 from its home position to its end position and thereby release the pivoting trimming blades 40'". As the motor rotates the assembly, the blades are pivoted to their extended position against the force of the torsion spring by 14 centrifugal force. When the motor is stopped, the blades are pivoted toward the retracted position by the torsion springs. When the user releases the cable 82 for blade trimming, the rotary cam plate 84 returns to its home position by another torsion spring 97, and the latch 90 is returned to its locking position by the springs 96. Because the latch 90 is returned to its locking position before the trimming blades have returned to their retracted position, the trimming blades are prevented from fully retracting by the catch portion 90A of the latch 90. Thus, in this arrangement, in order to fully retract the trimming blades, with the motor stopped, the user merely actuates or pulses the pull cable 82 to raise the latch 90 and allow the trimming blades to return to their fully retracted position. In an alternative arrangement, the catch portions 90 A of the latch are provided with a ramped cam surface facing the blades in the extended position such that as the blades are returned to their retracted position, the blades themselves urge the latch 90 upward and out of the way. With continued reference to FIGURE 7, in each of the embodiments described above, the trimming tool is configured such that string spool or blade replacement can be easily achieved. As shown, a spool retaining post 98 is provided with a retaining ring groove or aperture 98 A. A cover 102 is fitted within the string spool housing 92 by a friction fit with an edge 102A. A split spring steel clip 104 is extended through the retaining ring groove 98A to secure the cover 102 in place. To remove or replace the string spool and/or blades, the split spring steel clip 104 can be lifted and pulled outward to clear the groove 98 A in the spool retaining post 98. The spool housing cover 102 can then be removed, and the spool 106 can be lifted for replacement. In a like manner, with the cover 102 removed, the spool housing 92 can be lifted from the assembly to readily enable blade replacement. With the thus described non-reversing alternative embodiment, the user can readily switch between a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode 15 using the pull cable actuator without requiring implementation of a reversible motor. In each of the above-described embodiments, the selectable blade assembly can be embodied in the trimming tool or separately as a selectable blade attachment. In the attachment application, the user can readily add the blade assembly to an existing tool. In some applications, the user will also be required to replace the string spool housing with a string spool housing incorporating the lugs 28. As described above, however, the replacement operation can be effected without difficulty. According to the present invention, each of the embodiments described above can be provided with a blower function to increase the functionality of the trimming tool. In a conventional trimming tool, air flow is generated by at least one air vane secured to the string spool housing 22. The airflow serves to cool the motor during operation. After cooling the motor, the airfiow is expelled to the exterior through the tool components. To effect blower functionality, referring to FIGURE 8A, a blower flute or scroll 112 may form part of the unit for guiding the airflow to an exit opening 1 14 as a permanent auxiliary blower capability incorporated into the trimming tool according to the invention. The fan is first separated from the string spool housing 22, and the blower scroll 1 12 is inserted between the fan and spool. The scroll is screwed or otherwise attached to the underside of the tool guard. The blower flute 1 12 is thus disposed surrounding the string spool housing 22, thereby guiding the motor cooling air toward the exit opening 1 14. With the air flow thus directed, the volume and velocity of the air is sufficient for blowing trimmings and the like from the cutting operation. In the embodiments described above wherein the motor is reversed to convert from a string trimming mode to a blade trimming mode, it is important to ensure that there is sufficient cooling air for the motor during reverse operation. As shown in FIGURE 8A, a second air exit opening 1 16 is provided in the blower 16 flute allowing air to cool the motor in the blade trimming mode (i.e., when the string spool housing is being rotated in the direction designated by arrow BT). In an alternative arrangement (not shown), an air exit cover is connected by cable or the like to a handle trim/blow selector switch. In the trim mode, essentially motor cooling air blows into the string or blade plane to act as an air boost. In the blow mode, the cover is full open for mass directed air forward. In another alternative arrangement, referring to FIGURE 8B, a two-stage spool housing fan is provided. The two-stage spool housing fan is coupled with the string spool housing 22. A first stage 120 is provided with one or more air vanes rotating with the spool housing 22. The first stage generates cooling air for the motor by drawing ambient air across the motor and through inlets 122 in the assembly. This air is then directed to a second stage 124, which is also provided with one or more air vanes rotating with the spool housing 22, via inlets 126. The air vanes in the second stage 124 direct air flow into a blower scroll 1 12' surrounding the fan. In yet another alternative arrangement, referring to FIGURES 8C and 8D, a blower attachment 130 is structured for selective attachment to an existing string trimmer. The blower attachment 130 includes an internal scroll shroud or involute 132 and is fitted over the motor housing MH to direct the airflow to an exit opening. FIGURE 8D illustrates the manner in which an existing guard G is fitted over the motor housing MH. This guard G is removed by disengaging the shoulder assembly S from the motor housing MH. The blower attachment is provided with a corresponding shoulder assembly 134. The blower attachment is thus readily adaptable to existing trimming tools. According to the present invention, a trimming tool can enable easy conversion between a string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode without requiring disassembly of the tool. The trimming blades are extended to their operating positions by centrifugal force, in one arrangement by reversing the rotation of the motor, and in another arrangement by releasing a locking 17 mechanism using a mechanical actuator. Blower functionality can be added to the trimming tool as a permanent attachment between the string spool housing and the tool guard or as an auxiliary attachment that is readily attachable to existing trimming tools. The blower assembly directs air generated for cooling the motor to an air outlet using a blower flute or scroll. Thus, according to the present invention, a trimming tool is provided with expanded and diverse functionality. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A selectable blade attachment for a string trimming tool including a motor rotatably driving a string spool housing, the selectable blade attachment comprising a trimming blade assembly engaging the string spool housing and including at least one trimming blade, said trimming blade being pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. 2. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , further comprising a locking mechanism selectively engageable with said trimming blade, said locking mechanism in a locked position locking said trimming blade in said retracted position. 3. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 2, wherein said locking mechanism is structured such that it is reciprocated between said locked position and an unlocked position by centrifugal force. 4. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 2, wherein said locking mechanism is structured such that it is reciprocated between said locked position and said unlocked position based on a rotation direction of the motor. 5. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , wherein said trimming blade is biased toward said retracted position by a spring. 6. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1, wherein said trimming blade is structured such that it is pivoted between the retracted position and the extended position based on a rotation direction of the motor. 7. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , further comprising a spool lock engageable with the string spool housing in a locking 19 position to prevent string feeding, wherein said spool lock is shifted between a releasing position and said locking position by centrifugal force. 8. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , further comprising: a first disc engageable with the string spool housing and including at least one arcuate slot therein, said arcuate slot shaped to receive a lug secured to the string spool housing, wherein said trimming blade is pivotally secured to said first disc about a pivot point, said trimming blade having a cutting component pivoting on one side of the pivot point and a camming component on another side of the pivot point, wherein the lug is engageable with said camming component to lock said trimming blade in accordance with a rotation direction of the motor; and a second disc sandwiching said trimming blade between said first disc and said second disc. 9. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 8, further comprising a spool lock engaging said first disc and being shiftable by centrifugal force between a locking position and a releasing position based on the rotation direction of the motor, wherein said first disc further includes a spool lock slot receiving said spool lock, said spool lock having a locking tab that extends through said spool lock slot such that in the locking position, said locking tab acts against an inside diameter of the string spool housing to thereby prevent string feeding, and in the releasing position, said locking tab is separated from the inside diameter to thereby allow string feeding. 10. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 9, wherein said camming component is narrower than said cutting component such that when said 20 trimming blade is pivoted to the extended position, said camming component passes between said spool lock and said first disc. 11. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 8, further comprising a torsion spring secured between said trimming blade and said first disc. 12. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 1 , wherein said trimming blade is pivotable about the pivot point between the retracted position and the extended position based on the rotation direction of the motor, said torsion spring biasing said trimming blade toward the retracted position. 13. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 8, comprising two trimming blades disposed about 180° apart. 14. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , further comprising a support member engageable with the string spool housing, and a locking mechanism secured to said support member, said locking mechanism being selectively engageable with said trimming blade and in a locked position locking said trimming blade in said retracted position, wherein said trimming blade is secured to a blade pivot rotatably mounted in said support member. 15. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 14, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a blade lock plate secured to said blade pivot for rotation with said trimming blade, and a locking bar pivotally secured to said support member and spaced from said blade pivot, said locking bar pivoting between a locked position engaged with said blade lock plate and a released position separated from said blade lock plate by centrifugal force. 21 16. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 15, wherein said trimming blade and said blade lock plate are keyed to said blade pivot. 17. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 14, wherein said support member comprises chamfered edges. 18. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 1 , further comprising: a locking mechanism engageable with said trimming blade, said locking mechanism locking said trimming blade in said retracted position; and an actuator engaging said locking mechanism, said actuator enabling selective disabling of said locking mechanism to thereby release said trimming blade. 19. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 18, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a latch displaceable between a locking position and a releasing position by said actuator. 20. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 19, wherein said actuator comprises a pull cable attached to a cam plate for rotating said cam plate from a home position to an end position, said cam plate engaging a latch release pin that is shiftable between a lowered position when said cam plate is in said home position and a raised position when said cam plate is in said end position. 21. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 20, wherein said cam plate is biased toward said home position by a spring. 22 22. A selectable blade attachment according to claim 18, wherein said trimming blade is biased toward said retracted position by a spring. 23. A trimming tool comprising: a motor having an output shaft; a string spool housing attached to said output shaft for rotation by said motor, said string spool housing spooling a cutting string for the tool; and a trimming blade assembly engaging said string spool housing and including at least one trimming blade, said trimming blade being pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force. 24. A trimming tool according to claim 23, further comprising a locking mechanism selectively engageable with said trimming blade, said locking mechanism in a locked position locking said trimming blade in said retracted position. 25. A trimming tool according to claim 24, wherein said locking mechanism is structured such that it is reciprocated between said locked position and an unlocked position by centrifugal force. 26. A trimming tool according to claim 25, wherein said locking mechanism is structured such that it is reciprocated between said locked position and said unlocked position based on a rotation direction of said motor. 27. A trimming tool according to claim 23, wherein said trimming blade is biased toward said retracted position by a spring. 23 28. A trimming tool according to claim 23, wherein said trimming blade is structured such that it is pivoted between the retracted position and the extended position based on a rotation direction of said motor. 29. A trimming tool according to claim 23, further comprising a spool lock engaging said string spool housing in a locking position to prevent string feeding, wherein said spool lock is shifted between a releasing position and said locking position by centrifugal force. 30. A trimming tool according to claim 23, wherein said trimming blade assembly further comprises a disc engaging said string spool housing, said disc including at least one arcuate slot therein, said arcuate slot shaped to receive a lug secured to said string spool housing, wherein said trimming blade is pivotally secured to said disc about a pivot point, said trimming blade having a cutting component pivoting on one side of the pivot point and a camming component on another side of the pivot point, wherein the lug is engageable with said camming component to lock said trimming blade in accordance with the rotation direction of said motor. 31. A trimming tool according to claim 30, wherein said trimming blade comprises a cutting component on one side of a pivot point and a camming component on another side of the pivot point, wherein said lug is engageable with said camming component in said blade locking position. 32. A trimming tool according to claim 31 , wherein said blade assembly further comprises a spool lock engaging said first disc and being shiftable by centrifugal force between a string locking position and a string releasing position based on the rotation direction of the motor, wherein said disc further includes a spool lock slot receiving said spool lock, said spool lock having 24 a locking tab that extends through said spool lock slot such that in said string locking position, said locking tab acts against an inside diameter of said string spool housing to thereby prevent string feeding, and in said releasing position, said locking tab is separated from the inside diameter to thereby allow string feeding. 33. A trimming tool according to claim 23, further comprising: a locking mechanism engageable with said trimming blade, said locking mechanism locking said trimming blade in said retracted position; and an actuator engaging said locking mechanism, said actuator enabling selective disabling of said locking mechanism to thereby release said trimming blade. 34. A trimming tool according to claim 33, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a latch displaceable between a locking position and a releasing position by said actuator. 35. A trimming tool according to claim 34, wherein said actuator comprises a pull cable attached to a cam plate for rotating said cam plate from a home position to an end position, said cam plate engaging a latch release pin that is shiftable between a lowered position when said cam plate is in said home position and a raised position when said cam plate is in said end position. 36. A trimming tool according to claim 35, wherein said cam plate is biased toward said home position by a spring. 37. A trimming tool according to claim 33, wherein said trimming blade is biased toward said retracted position by a spring. 25 38. A trimming tool according to claim 23, further comprising a blower assembly coupled with said motor and including at least one air vane directing air to a blower flute. 39. A trimming tool according to claim 38, wherein said blower assembly comprises at least another air vane directing air to cool said motor. 40. A trimming tool according to claim 38, wherein said blower flute comprises a first exit opening at a downstream end thereof and a second air exit opening upstream from said first exit air opening. 41. A method of operating a trimming tool in string trimming mode and a blade trimming mode, the method comprising: providing a motor having an output shaft; providing a string spool housing attached to the output shaft for rotation by the motor, the string spool housing spooling a cutting string for the tool; providing a trimming blade assembly engaging the string spool housing and including at least one trimming blade, the trimming blade being pivotable between a retracted position and an extended position by centrifugal force; in the string trimming mode: locking the trimming blade in the retracted position, and rotating die motor with the trimming blade in the retracted position; and in the blade trimming mode: releasing the trimming blade, and rotating the motor so that the trimming blade is pivoted to the extended position by centrifugal force. 26 42. A method according to claim 41 , wherein the step of rotating the motor in the string trimming mode comprises rotating the motor in a first direction, and wherein the step of rotating the motor in the blade trimming mode comprises rotating the motor in a second direction, opposite from the first direction 43. A method according to claim 41 , further comprising preventing string spool feeding in the blade trimming mode. 44. A method according to claim 41, further comprising effecting a blower function using the motor. 45. A method according to claim 44, wherein the step of effecting a blower function comprises directing air generated by the motor to a blower flute. 46. A trimming tool according to claim 31, wherein said lug is positionable in said arcuate slot between a blade locking position and a blade releasing position based on the rotation direction of said motor. 27

Inventors: DYKE COLIN, LESSIG WILLIAM R III, MELONI ROBERT A, WALDROP ANGELA MARIE, WHEELER DALE KENNETH, DYKE, COLIN, LESSIG, WILLIAM, R., III, MELONI, ROBERT, A., WALDROP, ANGELA, MARIE, WHEELER, DALE, KENNETH
Applicants: BLACK & DECKER, DYKE COLIN, LESSIG WILLIAM R III, MELONI ROBERT A, WALDROP ANGELA MARIE, WHEELER DALE KENNETH, DYKE, COLIN, LESSIG, WILLIAM, R., III, MELONI, ROBERT, A., THE BLACK & DECKER CORPORATION, WALDROP, ANGELA, MARIE, WHEELER, DALE, KENNETH
Application year: 1999
Main classification: A01D34
IPC codes: A01D34