Device for adjusting the cover of a sunroof of an automobile

Abstract: The invention pertains to a device (10) for adjusting a sunroof that contains a cover part (12) for selectively closing and opening an opening (14) of an automobile. The roof opening is limited by side parts (18) which define a longitudinal direction (D). Said cover part (12) can be tilted as well as slid along (D). At least one cover carrying element (20) is connected to the cover part (12) and can be tilted (pivoted) about a first cam (22) and slid along (D). A fixed guide element (32) extends along (D). A transport carriage 30 is slidably guided along guide element (32) and moves the cover part (12). Adjusting means (20-28) for tilting and sliding the cover part (12) connect the cover part (12) to the carriage element (30) such that they can be moved relative to one another and slid along (D). A locking means (34) independently interlocks the carriage element (30) and the adjusting means (20). A guide element (32) with control means (36) allows to effectively interlock the carriage element (30) and the adjusting means (20) in direction (D). By that, the carriage element and the adjusting means are unable to move relative to one another, when the carriage element (30) is slid between positions between which the cover part (12) is essentially only slid in the longitudinal direction (D) in the tilted position, and the carriage element and the adjusting means are able to move relative to one another in direction (D), when the carriage element (30) is slid between positions in which the cover part (12) is essentially aligned with the roof opening (14) and merely tilted.

Description: The invention pertains to a device for adjusting a cover of a sunroof according to the preamble of Claim 1. Sunroofs of this type contain at least one cover part for selectively closing and at least partially opening an opening in a rigid roof surface of an automobile, wherein said cover part can be tilted and slid. At least one cover carrying element is connected to the cover part and can be tilted about a first cam that extends transverse to the sliding direction of the cover part, wherein said cover carrying element can also be slid along the sliding direction in the tilted position. Guide rails are provided near the edges of the opening in the roof of the automobile in order to realize said sliding, wherein a transport carriage can be slid along said guide rails. In addition, adjustment means are provided for tilting the cover part in such a way that the transport carriage and the cover part carry out a movement relative to one another along the sliding direction. If the cover part of such sunroofs is slid above the roof surface of the automobile, they are generally referred to as "spoiler roofs." In such spoiler roofs, it is problematic that the same transport carriage is used for realizing the tilting as well as the sliding of the cover part in that the sliding is usually not desired during the tilting process. Consequently, a so-called switching process is required such that when opening the cover part at the end of the tilting phase, the cover part which is initially held and prevented from sliding can be suitably slid toward the rear in the tilted position during the additional sliding of the transport carriage. This process takes place in the corresponding, reverse sequence when the sunroof is closed. In one known spoiler roof (DE-C2 3,311,452) that was introduced on the market quite some time ago, the cover part is rigidly connected to a cover carrier that can be tilted and slid along a guide rail. In this case, the cover carrier represents a self-contained component that can be slid in the same guide rail as the transport carriage, wherein the tilting axis of said cover carrier is positioned a significant distance in front of the transport carriage (as seen from the forward direction of the automobile). Consequently, the slidable assembly unavoidably has a significant length that limits the maximum degree of opening the cover part. This problem is particularly evident in spoiler roofs of this type, particularly when they are retrofitted into automobiles. In this case, an opening lever is connected to the transport carriage via a cam arrangement and to the cover carrier or the cover part via a turning knuckle in tilted/articulated fashion. The cam arrangement allows relative movement between the opening lever and the transport carriages. In order to ensure that the cover part is not slid during the upward tilting movement while the transport carriage carries out its initial adjusting movement, the opening lever contains a locking cam that, as the tilting angle of the opening lever increases, continuously moves out of a catch opening in the guide rail, which is stationarily fixed to the frame and into the guide rail, until the locking cam is entirely located in the guide rail and can be slid therein. This means that all moving sequences must be coordinated in such a way that the cam arrangement between the transport carriage and the opening lever has reached the position in which the sliding of the cover part was started at exactly the instant in which the locking cam is completely moved into the guide rail. This switching process is associated with a certain jolt because the guide rail of the cam arrangement which initiates the switching process and starts the sliding process must have a significant inclination of approximately 40° so as to not transmit excessively high clamping forces upon the various cams during the subsequent forward sliding of the tilted cover. During the forward sliding of the tilted cover part, one encounters the problem that the locking cams are guided in the same guide rail as the tilting cam of the cover carrier and the transport carriage, and that the locking cam must prevent a backward tilting of the cover part into the closed position during this sliding phase of the cover part. Consequently, the friction, to which the locking cam is subjected in the guide rail, increases in proportion to the flatness of the guide rail of the cam arrangement which causes the aforementioned switching processes. This is the reason a compromise had to be found between the intensity of the jolt and the intensity of the friction. The previously described problems were significantly reduced when a spoiler roof (DE-C2 4,405,583) was introduced to the market at a later time. In this adjusting device, a toggle lever arrangement without guide curves is used instead of a cam arrangement consisting of a guide curve and cams. In this case, only one component that can be slid in a guide rail fixed to the frame is provided. This component accommodates the transport carriage as well as the cover carrier and makes it possible for both of these components to move relative to one another. A locking pin assigned to the roof carrier serves for locking the cover carrier to the rigid roof frame of the automobile during the tilting phase of the cover part. This locking pin cooperates with an opening in the guide rail that is rigidly connected to the automobile. In this known adjusting device, the length of the movable assembly was reduced in comparison to previously known arrangements, and the friction during the forward and backward sliding is, significantly reduced in particular. In addition, the jolt occurring during the switching process was practically eliminated due to the elimination of the cam arrangement between the opening lever and the transport carriage. However, this adjusting device still has the disadvantage of a relatively complex design and, specifically, a large number of components, the assembly of which is correspondingly complicated. A significant reduction in the required components was achieved with the adjusting device according to WO 94/25301 which was introduced to the market at a later time. In this case, only a cover carrier, a transport carriage and a guide rail are required. Even the locking of the cover part in the closed position within the rear region of the cover part can be achieved with the previously described components. This is essentially achieved due to the fact that the pins for tilting the cover carrier are always guided in guide curves that intersect, wherein one guide curve is rigidly arranged on the automobile and the other guide curve is arranged in the transport carriage. This also makes it possible to eliminate locking elements for holding the cover carrier during the tilting phase. The basic principle of guide curves that intersect one another and serve for simultaneously accommodating the tilting axes for a cover carrier is also known from Japanese Patent No. 1-54 208. In both of these adjusting devices for spoiler roofs, the simplicity of which can scarcely be additionally improved, a noticeable jolt during the transition from the tilting phase to the sliding phase of the cover part cannot be eliminated. In a device for adjusting spoiler roofs of the initially mentioned type, the invention is based on the objective of minimizing the resistance, i.e. the friction during the transition from the tilting phase to the sliding phase or from the sliding phase to the tilting phase of the cover part despite the relatively short length of the transport carriage and a minimization of the required components. This objective is attained with an adjusting device according to the characteristics of Claim 1, wherein at least one locking means for separately interlocking at least one transport carriage and the adjusting means, e.g., a cover carrier, is provided in order to tilt the cover part. In this case, the guide element for the carriage element (transport carriage) is provided with at least one control means, such that the carriage element and the adjusting element are effectively interlocked in the sliding direction, i.e., they are unable to carry out relative movements when the carriage element is slid between positions, between which the cover part is merely slid along the sliding direction in the tilted position. When the carriage element is slid between positions when the cover part is essentially aligned with the roof opening and merely tilted, the carriage element and the adjusting element are not interlocked, i.e., they are able to carry out relative movements in the sliding direction. In contrast to the state of the art according to DE-C2 3,311,452 or DE-C2 4,405,583, the cover carrier is no longer interlocked to the guide element, i.e., the guide rail that is rigidly fixed to the roof, by means of a separate locking arrangement, but the separate lock acts between the cover carrier or, in general, the adjusting means of the roof part and the carriage element, i.e., the transport carriage. Thus, the typical jolt that occurs during the transition from the tilting phase into the subsequent sliding phase of the cover part is eliminated. This is attained due to the fact that the cover part is not unlocked from an initially locked position by the locking means at the end of the tilting of the cover part because the locking means according to the invention is already in the unlocked position during the tilting phase and consequently does not fulfill the function of holding the cover part with respect to the sliding direction during the tilting phase. In the simplest instance, the locking means according to the invention only fulfills the function of a driver between the carriage and the adjusting means of the cover part when sliding the cover part into the closing direction. Thus, frictional resistance as described previously with reference to DE-C2 3,311,452 is reliably prevented. Frictional resistance as it occurs with the intersecting guide curves according to WO 94/25301 can also be prevented with the locking means according to the invention because any constraints due to intersecting guide curves are practically eliminated during this moving phase as well as during the transition from the sliding phase into the tilting phase or from the tilting phase into the sliding phase. Due to the very simple means according to the invention, excellent advantages can be realized. These advantages are described in detail below with reference to various embodiments. Additional characteristics that pertain in particular to the various options of designing the locking means as well as transitions between the tilting phase and the sliding phase or the sliding phase and the tilting phase which are subject to particularly unnoticeable jolts are disclosed in the additional claims. The aforementioned components as well as the components claimed and described in the embodiments and the components to be utilized in accordance with the invention are not subject to any particular restrictions regarding their size, shape, material selection and technical concept, i.e., the selection criteria known in the respective field of application can be applied in unlimited fashion. Additional details, characteristics and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the corresponding figures which show embodiment examples of the adjusting device. The drawing shows: Fig. 1A a (section of a) spoiler roof that can be retrofitted and installed in the roof of a automobile, wherein the adjusting device is located in the closed position; Fig. 1B a schematic horizontal section through the spoiler roof according to Fig. 1A along line IB-IB; Fig. 2A the same spoiler roof in an operating position at the end of the tilting phase; Fig. 2B a horizontal section through the spoiler roof according to Fig. 2A (corresponding to the illustration in Fig. 1B); Fig. 3A the same spoiler roof, wherein the cover part is tilted upward and partially slid toward the rear; Fig. 3B a horizontal section through the same spoiler roof during the phase according to Fig. 3A (corresponding to the sectional representations in Figs. 1B and 2B); Fig. 4A a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line A-A in Fig. 1A; Fig. 4B a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line B-B according to Fig. 1A; Fig. 4C a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line C-C according to Fig. 2A; Fig. 4D a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line D-D according to Fig. 2A; Fig. 5A a longitudinal section through the adjusting device of a second embodiment of a spoiler roof (sectioned along line VA-VA according to Fig. 5B); Fig. 5B a top view of the same adjusting device (view E according to Fig. 5A), wherein the upper guide rail region is also visible in this figure; Fig. 6A the same adjusting device in operating position, in which the cover carrier is tilted and slid (corresponding to the operating position in Fig. 3), in the form of a longitudinal section along line VIA-VIA according to Fig. 6B; Fig. 6B a top view of the same adjusting device (view D according to Fig. 6A), wherein the upper guide rail region is also visible in this figure; Fig. 7A a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line VIIA-VIIA according to Fig. 5A; Fig. 7B a vertical section through the same spoiler roof along line VIIB-VIIB according to Fig. 6A; Fig. 8A a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a spoiler roof which corresponds to the representation in Fig. 5A; and Fig. 8B a longitudinal section through the same adjusting device which corresponds to the representation in Fig. 6A. In the first embodiment according to Figs. 1A through 4D, a separate locking arrangement between the cover carrier and the transport carriage is realized in the form of a mechanically controllable locking means that can be horizontally slid transverse to the sliding direction. This embodiment is described in detail below: Fig. 1A shows that an approximately rectangular roof opening 14 with conventionally rounded corner regions is arranged in the roof surface 16 of an automobile, e.g., a passenger car (not shown in detail). At the edge of the opening, a two-part frame 13A, 13B surrounds the edge of the roof surface 16 near the opening in sealed fashion, e.g., as known from retrofit sunroofs. Long extended guide elements 32 are connected to the sunroof frame 13A, 13B on both longitudinal edges of the roof opening. These guide elements which, for example, consist of extruded aluminum have the function of guiding carriage elements 30, which are simply referred to as the transport carriages in the following description, along two parallel edges of the sunroof opening, which lie opposite one another, with little friction and play. The transport carriages 30 respectively carry one cover carrying element 20 that is rigidly connected to the cover part 12 which closes the sunroof opening. The cover carrying elements 20 are guided on or in the transport carriages 30 such that they can be longitudinally slid between two extreme positions. The cover carrying elements 20 and the transport carriages 30 are connected via a first front cam 22 provided on the carriages element 30 which can be slid in a first guide curve 24 provided in the transport carriage 30 so as to slightly raise the front edge of the cover (shown on the left side in Fig. 1A). A second cam 26 provided on the transport carriage 30 can be slid along a second guide curve 28 provided in the cover carrying element 20. This second cam arrangement makes it possible to raise the rear cover edge which is located on the right in Fig. 1A higher than the front cover edge, i.e., to tilt or pivot the cover 12 into the desired ventilation position above the roof surface 16. In order to fulfill this function, the first and the second guide curves 24 and 28 which generally extend in the same direction as the guide elements 32 have a correspondingly curved progression. In addition, a (third) guide curve 40 is provided. This guide curve is located on the front end of the guide element 32 and initially extends obliquely upward, whereafter it transforms into a horizontal progression. The guide curve 40 guides a part of the first cam 22 which extends through the first guide curve 24. Within the first section of the third guide curve 40 which extends obliquely upward toward the rear, the first cam 22 and consequently the cover part 12 are prevented from sliding appreciably toward the rear. Within this section, the first cam rather carries out an upward movement that is only slightly oriented toward the rear, wherein said movement subsequently transforms into a more defined movement toward the rear with a less defined upward movement. Consequently, the transition between the tilting of the cover into the position shown in Fig. 2A and the subsequent cover sliding phase into the open position shown in Fig. 3A takes place very smooth and without jolts. This means that the cover carrying element initially moves significantly more slowly than the transport carriage and only gradually assumes the speed of the transport carriage. A cam arrangement 40, 22 of this type also serves for tilting the cover carrier independently of the carriage/ cover interlocking according to the invention and the simultaneous penetration of the additional guide curve 24, i.e., this cam arrangement itself has inventive merit. To the extent described thus far, all three embodiments of the present invention essentially correspond to the arrangement known from WO 94/25301. The elements which are novel in comparison to the state of the art are described in detail below. In the embodiment according to Figs. 1A through 4D, the transport carriage 30 has a horizontal slot in which a locking means 34 of practically identical cross section is guided in low-friction fashion. The locking means 34 consists of a relatively short formed piece with inclined surfaces on its ends, wherein said inclined surfaces correspond to a catch limit stop 38 on the transport carriage 20 and a switching surface 36B of a control means on the guide element 32 which is designated by reference numeral 36. The control means 36 consists of a vertically oriented inner wall region of the guide element 32 which is oriented parallel to the sliding direction (Fig. 1B) of the transport carriage 30 indicated by a double arrow within its entire rear region (its right region in Fig. 1B). The control means 36 only has a different progression within its front region (its left region in the figure), wherein this different progression is realized in the form of a depression 36A in the guide element 32. In this case, one end of the depression is formed by the switching surface 36B. When the cover part 12 is closed and in the carriage positions, in which the cover part is tilted, i.e., in all positions between the carriage positions shown in Fig. 1A and Fig. 2A, the locking means 34 in the transport carriage 30 is slid outwardly and protrudes into the aforementioned depression 36A of the control means 36, whereby said locking means does not engage with the cover carrying element 20, but is rather prevented in appropriate fashion. The first embodiment as well as the two other embodiments indicates that it is preferred to subject the locking means 34 to a mechanical control based on a suitable orientation of mutual control surfaces, when locking as well as unlocking the locking means. Once the transport carriage 30 is slid into the position shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B, the additional sliding of the transport carriage 30 toward the rear (toward the right in the figure) causes the locking means 34 to be moved out of its position by means of the switching surface 36B, i.e., the locking means is moved out of the depression of the control means 36 and simultaneously pressed into the locked position relative to the catch limit stop 38 on the cover carrying element 20. Fig. 3B shows the new position of the locking means 34. During the additional sliding of the transport carriage 30 toward the rear (toward the right in the figure), the locking means 34 is still not subjected to any stress because the first cam 22 is now in contact with the front end of the first guide curve 24 of the transport carriage 30, i.e., the transport carriage 30 drives the cover carrying element 20 toward the rear. When the transport carriage 30 is slid forward again from its open position shown in Figs. 3A/3B in order to gradually close the roof opening 14, the locking means 34 in the transport carriage 30 drives the cover carrying element 20 and is subjected to stress. The locking means 34 is only returned into its unlocked position according to Fig. 2B shortly before the carriage sliding position shown in Figs. 2A/2B is reached again. This process takes place automatically due to the forward sliding of the transport carriage 30 (sliding toward the left in the figure). This automation is attained due to a suitable inclination of the catch limit stop 38 and the corresponding end region of the locking means 34, whereby the outer region of the first cam 22 is already moved into the third guide curve 40 and adjoins the region of the guide curve which extends transversely downward in this position. Consequently, the resistance generated between the transport carriage 30 and the cover carrying element 20 only need be high enough that the locking means 34 is laterally slid into the depression 36A of the control means 36. If the corresponding inclined surfaces of the locking limit stop 38 and the locking means 34 are suitably shaped, the force required for this lateral sliding is so low that it can be barely noticed. Consequently, the end of the sliding path of the cover part 12 in the closing direction and the transition into the lowering phase of the cover part 12 are not subject to jolts. This effect is even promoted due to the fact that the first guide curve 24 in the transport carriage 30 has a nearly horizontal progression on its front end 24A, i.e., a progression that extends parallel to the guide element 32. This nearly horizontal progression not only serves as an insertion aid into the open end of the third guide curve 40, but also allows a completely smooth transition of the movement of the first cam 22 from its raised position into the subsequent lowering phase. The first embodiment as well as all embodiments described below are also suitable for several cover parts that are arranged behind one another, i.e., so-called multi-spoiler roofs. In the second embodiment according to Figs. 5A through 7B, only the design of the locking means 34 differs from that of the first embodiment: in this case, the locking means 34 is no longer arranged in slidable fashion, but rather in tilted fashion on the transport carriage 30. An opening in the transport carriage 30 which is adapted to the cross section of the locking means may, in contrast to the first embodiment, be eliminated. Figs. 5B and 6B clearly show that the locking means contains a pivot arm 34A that is realized in the form of a one-armed lever, carries the locking means 34 on its free lever end, and contains a pivot point 34B arranged on the transport carriage 30 on its front end. A cam arrangement 22, 24 analogous to that of the first embodiment is also provided in the second embodiment but is not shown in the figure because it is arranged inside the transport carriage 30. In the third embodiment according to Figs. 8A and 8B, the difference in comparison to the first embodiment can be seen in the fact that the moving direction of the locking means 34 does not extend horizontally, but rather vertically, whereby the control means 36 is located on the bottom wall of the guide element 32. In other respects, the design of the locking means in the form of a lever corresponds to that of the second embodiment according to Figs. 5A through 7B. List of reference numerals 10 Adjusting device 12 Cover part 13A Partial frame 13B Partial frame 14 Roof opening 16 Roof surface 18 Side parts 20 Cover carrying element 22 First cam 24 First guide curve 24A Horizontal region 26 Second cam 28 Second guide curve 30 Transport carriage 32 Guide element 34 Locking means 34A Pivot arm 34B Pivot point 36 Control means 36A Depression 36B Switching surface 38 Catch limit stop 40 Third guide curve D Longitudinal direction

Claims: Adjusting device (10) for a sunroof that contains at least one cover part (12) for selectively closing and at least partially opening an opening (14) in a rigid roof surface (16) of an automobile, wherein the roof opening is limited by a base part with side parts (18) that lie opposite one another and define a longitudinal direction (D), and wherein said cover part (12) can be tilted as well as slid along this longitudinal direction (D), with at least one cover carrying element (20) that is connected to the cover part (12) and that can be tilted about a first cam (22) that extends transverse to the longitudinal direction (D) and slid along the longitudinal direction (D), with at least one guide element (32) that extends along the longitudinal direction (D) and that is provided on the base part, with at least one carriage element (30) that is guided in slidable fashion along the guide element (32) and moves the cover part (12), and with adjusting means (20-28) for tilting and sliding the cover part (12), wherein said adjusting means connects the cover part (12) to the carriage element (30) such that they can be moved relative to one another and slid along the longitudinal direction (D), characterized by the fact that at least one locking means (34) is provided for separately interlocking the at least one carriage element (30) and one adjusting means (20), that the at least one guide element (32) is provided with at least one control means (36), such that the carriage element (30) and the adjusting means (20) are effectively interlocked in the longitudinal direction (D), i.e., the carriage element and the adjusting means are unable to move relative to one another, when the carriage element (30) is slid between positions between which the cover part (12) is essentially only slid in the longitudinal direction (D) in the tilted position, and that the carriage element (30) and the adjusting means (20) are disengaged from one another, i.e., the carriage element and the adjusting means are able to move relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (D), when the carriage element (30) is slid between positions in which the cover part (12) is essentially aligned with the roof opening (14) and merely tilted. Adjusting device according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the locking means is realized in the form of a locking means that acts on one side and is arranged in such a way that it only transmits driving forces onto the adjusting means (20) during the closing movement of the carriage element (30) in the sliding phase. Adjusting device according to Claim 2, characterized by the fact that the locking means (34) engages behind the rear end region of the adjusting means (20) in the interlocked position. Adjusting device according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized by the fact that the control means is arranged on the guide element (32), and by the fact that the control means contains a depression (36A) for partially accommodating the locking means (34) in the unlocked position. Adjusting device according to one of Claims 1-4, characterized by the fact that the control means (36) contains a switching surface (36B) for sliding the locking means (34) during the opening movement of the carriage element (30), namely from the unlocked position into a position in which the carriage element (30) and the adjusting means (20) are interlocked. Adjusting device according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized by the fact that the locking means (34) is provided with a pivot arm (34A) for pivoting the locking means (34) about a pivot point (34B) arranged on the carriage element (30). Adjusting device according to one of Claims 1-6, characterized by the fact that first and second cam arrangements (22, 24; 26, 28) that act between the adjusting means (20) and the carriage element (30) carry out the raising and lowering movements of the adjusting means (20). Adjusting device according to Claim 7, characterized by the fact that the first cam arrangement (22, 24) which serves for raising the front edge of the cover is provided with a front guide curve zone (24A), the inclination of which approximately corresponds to the longitudinal direction (D), in particular, extends parallel to said longitudinal direction. Adjusting device according to one of Claims 1-8, characterized by the fact that a cam arrangement (22, 40) that acts between the adjusting means (20) and the guide element (32) is provided, wherein a guide curve (40) arranged within the front guide region contains a region (40A) that inclines toward the rear and transforms into a region (40B) that extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction (D). Adjusting device according to Claim 9, characterized by the fact that the guide curve (40B) contains an opening that is directed toward the rear and serves as an inlet and an outlet for the cam (22).

Inventors: FARMONT ROLF, KELM ECKEHARD, FARMONT, ROLF, KELM, ECKEHARD
Applicants: ARVINMERITOR GMBH
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B60J7
IPC codes: B60J7, E05D15