An evaporator for a refrigerator or the like

Abstract: An evaporator (1,20,30) for a refrigerator (2) which enables an excellent uniformity of temperature to be achieved in a compartment (3) of the refrigerator (2) in the direction of its height, comprises a plate-shaped element (5), a coil (6) spread out uniformly on the plate-shaped element (5), and a heat-capacity means (7,31,32,33) distributed non-uniformly on the plate-shaped element (5).

Description: The present invention relates to an evaporator for a refrigerator, of the type comprising a plate-shaped element of predetermined height and a coil spread out on the plate-shaped element as defined in the preamble of claim 1. Such an evaporator is known for instance from EP-A-0 843 138. As is known, by virtue of the presence of the evaporator, the temperature prevailing in the compartment of the refrigerator which is intended to contain food is low enough to preserve the food. Although known evaporators of the type specified are satisfactory from various points of view and are widely used, they have a disadvantage which, up to now, has not been overcome. In fact, a non-uniform temperature distribution has been found within the food compartment and, in particular, lower temperatures in the bottom of compartment and higher temperatures in the top of the compartment. The problem upon which the present invention is based is that of devising an evaporator of the type specified which has structural and functional characteristics such as to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantage. This problem is solved by an evaporator of the type specified which is characterized in that it comprises a heat-capacity means distributed non-uniformly on the plate-shaped element as defined in claim 1. Further characteristics and the advantages of the evaporator according to the present invention will become clear from the following description of an embodiment thereof, given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the appended drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a partially-sectioned, perspective view of a refrigerator incorporating an evaporator according to the invention, Figure 2 is a partially-sectioned, perspective view of a refrigerator incorporating an evaporator according a variant of the invention, Figure 3 is a partially-sectioned, perspective view of a refrigerator incorporating an evaporator according to a further variant of the invention. With reference to the appended drawings, these show an evaporator, generally indicated 1, for a refrigerator 2 which, in the embodiment shown, is a domestic refrigerator of which only a food compartment 3 having a rear wall 4 is shown. The evaporator 1 comprises a plate-shaped element 5 having a width L and a height H which are slightly less than the width and the height of the rear wall 4, respectively. The plate-shaped element 5 is fixed in the compartment 3 close to the rear wall 4. The evaporator 1 comprises a coil 6 for a refrigerant fluid distributed uniformly over the entire surface of the plate-shaped element 5, and has a heat-capacity means 7 which, however, is distributed non-uniformly over the plate-shaped element 5 and, in particular is distributed in the region of an upper portion of the plate-shaped element 5. In particular, the heat-capacity means 7 comprises a chamber 8 for a substance having a predetermined, high heat capacity, for example, a mixture of water and alcohol, the chamber 8 extending for approximately the upper half of the height H of the plate-shaped element 5. The plate-shaped element 5 of the evaporator 1 is in the form of a steel sheet 9 having a face 10 facing towards the rear wall 4. The coil 6, which is constituted by a steel tube and forms a plurality of loops, is welded to the face 10. The chamber 8 is delimited by the steel sheet 9 and by a steel sheet 11 edged with rims 12 and welded to the face 10 of the sheet 9 along the rims 12, the rims 12 overlapping the tube of the coil 6 where necessary. A evaporator 20 according to a variant of the invention will be described below and is shown in Figure 2, in which parts structurally and functionally identical to the parts of the evaporator of Figure 1 retain the same reference numerals and are not described further below. In the evaporator 20, a plate-shaped element 21 comprises three thin aluminium layers 22, 23 and 24, that is, an inner layer 22 and two outer layers 23 and 24, the layer 23 facing towards the rear wall 4 and the outer layer 24 facing in the opposite direction. The layers 22, 23 and 24 are welded together by rolling. A coil 6 is formed by expansion between the layers 23 and 24, and a chamber 8 is formed by expansion between the layers 23 and 22. The chamber 8 extends for a height approximately equal to the upper half of the height H of the plate-shaped element 21. An evaporator 30 according to a variant of the invention is described below and is shown in Figure 3, in which parts structurally and functionally identical to the parts of the evaporators of Figure 1 and of Figure 2 retain the same reference numerals and are not described below. The evaporator 30 comprises a heat-capacity means 7 which is in the form of a first chamber 31, a second chamber 32 and a third chamber 33. The three chambers 31, 32, 33 do not communicate with one another and each occupies approximately one third of the height H of the plate-shaped element 21. The upper chamber 31 contains a liquid with a high heat capacity, for example, a mixture of water and alcohol with a low concentration of alcohol; the second, or intermediate chamber 32 contains a liquid having a heat capacity lower than the heat capacity of the liquid of the chamber 31, for example, a mixture of water and alcohol with a high concentration of alcohol. Finally, the third, or lower chamber 33 contains a liquid having a heat capacity even lower than the heat capacities of the liquids of the previous chambers and, in particular, contains only alcohol. In operation, it has been found that an excellent uniformity of temperature is established in the compartment of the refrigerator in the direction of its height, by virtue of the non-uniform distribution of the heat capacity. This can be explained by the fact that, in the refrigerator, when the compressor is operating, the entire surface of the evaporator cools the air which passes over it in the cell, whereas, when the compressor is not operating, only the upper portion of the evaporator which has the greatest heat capacity continues to give up coldness. The main advantage of the evaporator according to the present invention is that it achieves excellent operation of the refrigerator and, in particular, excellent uniformity of the temperature in the compartment. A further important advantage of the evaporator according to the present invention, is that it improves the energy efficiency of the refrigerator in operation and enables the evaporation temperature in the evaporator to be less low. This is accompanied by the further advantage of greater humidity of the air in the compartment and less drying of the food contained therein. Naturally, in order to satisfy contingent and specific requirements, an expert in the art may apply to the evaporator as described above with reference to the drawings, many modifications and variations, all of which, however, fall within the scope of protection of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims: An evaporator (1, 20, 30) for a refrigerator (2), of the type comprising a plate-shaped element (5) of a predetermined height (H) and a coil (6) for a refrigerant fluid distributed uniformly over the entire surface of said plate-shaped element (5), characterized in that it comprises a heat-capacity means (7) distributed at least in the region of an upper portion of said plate-shaped element (5) so that said region provides a heat-capacity higher than the heat-capacity of the rest portion of said plate-shaped element (5). An evaporator (1, 20, 30) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heat-capacity means (7) comprises a chamber (8, 31) for a substance having a predetermined, high heat capacity, the extent of the chamber being limited to an upper portion of the plate-shaped element (5). An evaporator (1, 20) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the chamber (8) extends over approximately the upper half of the height. An evaporator (30) according to Claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a second chamber (32) for a substance having a lower heat capacity than the substance of the first chamber (31), the second chamber (32) extending over an intermediate portion of the plate-shaped element. An evaporator (30) according to Claim 4, characterized in that each of the first chamber (31) and the second chamber (32) extends over approximately one third of the height, that is, an upper third and an intermediate third of the height, respectively. An evaporator (30) according to Claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a third chamber (33) for a substance having a lower heat capacity than the substances of the first chamber (31) and of the second chamber (32), the third chamber (33) extending below the second chamber (32). An evaporator (30) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the third chamber (33) extends over approximately the lower third of the height. An evaporator (1, 20, 30) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the chamber (8) is formed between a first flat steel sheet (9) and a second, rimmed steel sheet (11) fixed to the first sheet (9). An evaporator (1, 20, 30) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plate-shaped element (5) comprises three aluminium layers (22, 23, 24), an inner layer (22) and two outer layers (23, 24), welded together by rolling, and in that the coil (6) is formed by expansion between the inner layer (22) and an outer layer (24), and the chamber (8, 31, 32, 33) is formed by expansion between the inner layer (22) and the other outer layer (23).

Inventors: NOCIVELLI GIANFRANCO, NOCIVELLI, GIANFRANCO
Applicants: BRANDT ITALIA S P A, BRANDT ITALIA S.P.A.
Application year: 1999
Main classification: F25B39
IPC codes: F28F3, F25D16, F25D11, F25B39, F28F1, F28D20, F25D3