Agriculture/Viticulture sprayer

Abstract: An agricultural/viticultural sprayer including a pair of curved arms (16,18) to cover a row of vines to be sprayed. Each arm includes a plurality of fan spray heads (6,7), and each arm is mounted on a support arm rotatable about a vertical pivot, whereby the curved arm can be rotated from a transport position to a spread operating position.

Description: This invention relates to improvements in and relating to machines for spraying agricultural chemicals on rows of vineyard and orchard plants, trees and vines. For a long time spraying agricultural chemicals have been applied by an air blast sprayer to spray away from a trailer carrying an air blast sprayer to spray chemicals toward a vine or tree by using large volume of high pressure air. Most conventional sprayers can only cover one row at a time and are not suited to sloping ground or terraced land due to the limited control over where the water/chemical spray is targeted, and this is the particular the case when spraying vine rows growing on terraced land. Keathley (US 4,893,755) describes a wheeled arcuate canopy open at the bottom providing a rounded arcuate interior wall and a spacing at the open bottom related to the width of one or more conventional rows of crops of the like. The apparatus according to Keathley is rigid in construction and is not suited to sloping ground or terraced land. In Australia Patent No.690473 there is described a spraying machine which includes at least a pair of curved arms carrying a plurality of fan spray heads which are directed to the canopy of the tree or vine, to direct the airborne spray material into the canopy in upwardly and downwardly directed directions simultaneously from both sides of the canopy. It is an object of the invention to provide a spraying machine which is more compact and thus can be manoeuvred in small areas and which also is adaptable to spray canopies of rows which are of different heights. In the following description this invention is particularly related to the spraying of rows of vines, but it is to be realised that the invention is not to be limited thereto, but can easily be applied to other horticultural and agricultural plantations. The spraying machine according to the invention is described by the independent claim. Some specific embodiments of the spraying machine of the present invention are described in the dependent claims. According to the invention there is provided a vehicle having mounted thereon a pair of side arms rotatable about a mast on the vehicle, each side arm carrying a pair of curved arms on which are mounted spray heads to spray a respective row, for example vines, the side arms being rotatable about a mast from a transport position behind the vehicle to an operating position in which the arms extend backwards and sideways from the vehicle. In a preferred form of the invention a spray head may be added to the centre of the curved arms to spray generally downwardly to achieve additional coverage and penetration of the vine canopy. In a further form of the invention the vertical height of the side arms can be adjusted to provide for vines planted on terraced land. This may be accomplished in accordance with the present invention with the use of either one or a combination of the following hydraulic actuators (synchronous or independent), cable and winch or turnbuckle, or variable pin joints. Brief description of the drawings In order to more fully describe the invention reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:- Figure 1. is a side view of one form of the invention with the arms in the transport position, only the curved arms on the near side being shown, Figure 2. is a rear view showing the arms in the transport position, Figure 3. shows the arms on one side of the vehicle, Figure 3(a). is a view showing the arms in the spread condition. Figure 4. is a view along the lines of 4-4 of Figure 1. showing the position of the arms in the folded position, Figure 4(a). shows the arms on the opened position, Figure 4(b). shows a side view of the upper end of the mast, Figure 5. shows a top view in the transport position, Figure 6. shows a plan view of the machine with the arms in the operating position, Figure 7. shows a rear view of the arms in the operating position, Figure 7(a). shows a rear view of the invention when operating on terraced or sloping land which sprays two vines rows at different canopy height "Y", Figure 8. shows the invention attached to a tractor or the like to spray one row of vines, Figure 8(a). shows a rear view of the embodiment of Figure 8, Figure 9. shows a plan view of the invention to simultaneously spray three rows of vines, Figure 9(a). is a rear view thereof, and Figure 10. is a view of a self propelled vehicle to straddle the centre row and also spray the adjacent rows on each side thereof. Description of the preferred embodiment Referring firstly to Figure 1 to 7(a) of the drawings, there is shown a sprayer including a tank 1 mounted on a trailer 2 having wheels 3 and a drawbar 4. A pump 5 supplies spray material "SM" from the tank 1 to the fan spray heads 6 and 7 by spray lines (not shown). The fan spray heads include fans driven by electric or hydraulic motors supplied with electrical or hydraulic power from an alternator or hydraulic pump 8 driven by power take off shaft 9 through a control system 10. To the trailer are mounted two masts 11 and 12 on which are rotatably mounted arms 13 and 14, the arm 14 being longer than the arm 13. To the end of arm 13 there is suspended by a hinge point 15 a pair of curved arms 16 carrying the fan spray heads 7, and to the end of arm 14 there is suspended by hinge point 17 a pair of curved arms 18 carrying the fan spray heads 6. The arms 13 and 14 carrying the curved arms can be moved from a transport position as shown in Figure 2 and 5 to an operating position as shown in Figures 6 and 7 by the linkage as shown in Figures 4 and 4(a). To arm 14 which is rotatable about mast 12 there is attached a bracket 19 and to the arm 13 there is attached a bracket 20 which brackets (19, 20) are interconnected by a link 21, to the bracket 19 there is attached a hydraulic cylinder 22, the other end of the cylinder being pivotly connected to a frame portion 23 interconnecting the two masts 11 and 12. Thus it will be seen that by actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the arms 13 and14 will move in opposite rotational directions due to the interconnecting link 21 moving the arms from the transport position to the operating position and vice versa. A mechanism is also provided to raise and lower each arm 13 and 14 to vertically adjust the curved arms 16 and 18, and hence the fan spray units, depending upon the height of the vine canopy "C" and also whether the vines are terraced as shown in Figure 7(a), where the machine sprays two vines rows at different canopy height "Y". An adjustable link, such as hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25, are pivoted to the upper end of the masts 11 and 12 and connected to the respective arms 13 and 14, whereby the height of each of the curved arms 16 and 18 can be individually adjusted. Figure 4(b) shows a detail of the upper end of a mast 11, 12 the arms 13, 14 and hydraulic cylinders 24, 25 being attached to a rotatable sleeve 29 fitted to each of the masts 11 and 12. Furthermore by referring to Figure 3, where only one pair of the curved arms is shown, e.g. arms 18, the spacing between the arms can be adjusted to accommodate for various widths of canopy of the vines "C". Each of the arms 18 are pivoted to a bracket 26 being attached to a sleeve 28a such that, upon collision with an object, the curved arms 18 can swivel upwardly and rearwardly, a hydraulic cylinder 27 acting between brackets 28 on the respective arms thus controlling the spacing between of the curved arms 18, Figure 3(a) showing the arms 18 in a spread condition. Each of the curved arms 16 and 18 are connected by the hinge points 15 and 17 to the respective arms 13 and 14, which hinge points include a hinge about a substantially vertical axis. This is necessary to provide a means whereby the arms are maintained in a position normal to the vine row being sprayed. If this were not so the angle of the spray heads relative to the vine would vary depending on the distance of the curved arms from the respective mast, which distance varies depending upon the distance of the vine from the vehicle. Thus the arms 16 and 18 are provided with adjuster horns 30 and 31, and to these are attached cables 32 and 33 anchored at their other ends to the frame of the masts. On the opposite side of the respective horns tension springs 34 and 35 provide tension between the respective horns 30 and 31 and the respective arms 13 and 14. Thus it will be seen that as the arms 13 and 14 rotate about the respective masts, the cables and springs will move each pair of curved arms so that the spray heads are generally normal to the canopy of the vine. As note above the arms 13 and 14 are of differing lengths, and this is provided that when the arms are rotated to the transport position the curved arms and spray heads are positioned one behind the other as shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6. The invention above has been described as being attached to a trailed vehicle, and Figure 8 and 8(a) show the sprayer mounted on the lift arms of a tractor 36. While the drawings show the curved arms 37 being attached to one side of the tractor, it is to be realised that a further pair of curved arms can be fitted to spray another vine row on the other side of the tractor. A further embodiment is shown in Figure 9 and 9(a) in which the trailer 38 is constructed to straddle over the centre row of vines and thus sprays that row and has outrigger arms 39 to spray the adjacent rows, thus spraying three rows of vines at the one time. The trailer has an offset drawbar 40 so that it is drawn by a tractor 41 passing between two rows. Similarly Figure 10 shows a self propelled vehicle 42 which straddles over the centre row of vines and thus sprays that row and also the adjacent rows by pairs of curved arms 43, 44 and 45 respectively. It will be seen that the invention provides a sprayer which, while particularly described in connection with spraying of vine rows, may also be used for spraying of trees. In many vineyards there is a minimum headland or distance between the end of the row of vines and an obstruction such as a fence. However with the sprayer of the present invention when the end of the row is reached, the arms are folded to the transport position thus permitting the sprayer to be manoeuvred into position for the next pass along the rows of vines. The invention provides a mechanism where by the arms and curved arms can be adjusted for canopy height and also to adjust the spray heads angle to accommodate for sloping ground or even terraced ground. The main advantages of the inventive spraying machine are a maximum in flexibility, which in the operating position allows for individually adjustment of the spraying system to the breadth and height of the vines and trees to be sprayed, and in the transport position provides a system compact enough for being manoeuvred in small areas. Furthermore the spraying system according to the present invention is highly efficient as it creates a contained spray region around the whole canopy while producing only very little wastage of the spray material.

Claims: A spraying machine adapted to spray rows of vines or trees, comprising at least one pair of curved arms (16, 18) carrying a plurality of fan spray heads (6) and mounted on a vehicle, characterised in the pair of curved arms being carried by a side arm (13, 14) which is rotatable about a mast (11, 12) from a transport position to an operating position extending backwards and sideways from the vehicle and further comprising means to adjust the vertical height of the at least one pair of curved arms to provide for vines or trees of different height and/or planted on sloping ground or terraced land. A spraying machine as defined in claim 1, adapted to spray rows of vines or trees, said machine including at least one pair of curved arms (18) each carrying a plurality of fan spray heads (6) to direct spray material ("SM") into a canopy ("C") to be sprayed, said pair of curved arms (18) being mounted on the end of a radial arm (14) rotatable about a mast (12) on the machine, means to rotate (22) the radial arm (14), first adjustable link means (24, 25) between the mast and the radial arms (14) to raise and lower the pair of curved arms (18), and second adjustable link means (27) to vary the spacing between the curved arms (18) of each pair (16, 18) wherein the radial arm (14) is positioned between an operating position and a transport position behind the machine. A spraying machine as defined in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the machine is a trailed vehicle, there being two pairs of curved arms (16, 18), one pair on each side of the vehicle, and wherein one radial arm (14) is of greater length than the other radial arm (13) so that when the arms are rotated into the transport position one is positioned rearwardly of the other for transport and ease of manoeuvring in restricted areas. A spraying machine as defined in any one of claims 1-3, wherein each pair of curved arms (16, 18) are mounted on a pivot (15, 17) at the end of the radial arms (13, 14) whereby each of curved arms (16, 18) are maintained to position the fan spray heads (6, 7) generally normal to the canopy ("C") as the radial arm (13, 14) rotates about its mast. A spraying machine as defined in claim 4, wherein the curved arms (16, 17) adjacent the pivots are connected at one side to a tension member (32, 33) attached to a fixture(23) on the machine and a spring (34, 35) on the other side to maintain the tension in the tension member (32, 33), the tension member (32, 33) thus maintaining the orientation of the curved arms (16,18) relative to the canopy ("C"). A spraying machine according to any one of claims 1-5, being a trailed vehicle having two pairs of curved arms (16,17) to spray a vine or tree row on each side of the trailed vehicle. A spraying machine as defined in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the machine is a trailed vehicle straddling over one row of vines, the trailed vehicle carrying three pairs of curved arms, one pair spraying the canopy being straddled and the other pairs spraying the canopies on either side of the vehicle. A spraying machine as defined in any one of claims 1 or 2 and 4-5, wherein the machine is a self propelled machine straddling a canopy row, and carrying either one, two or three pairs of curved arms.

Inventors: BAEK BENT, BAEK, BENT
Applicants: BAEK BENT, BAEK, BENT
Application year: 1999
Main classification: A01M7
IPC codes: A01M7