Arrangement for damping a pulsation of a fluid conveyed through a conveying device

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for damping a pulsation of a fluid conveyed through a conveying device, the fluid being led by way of a first tubular element into a cavity formed by a flexible element and emerging from the cavity by way of a second tubular element, and the tubular elements (23, 25) being arranged within the cavity in the flexible element. There is provision for the length (a, b) of the individual tubular elements (23, 25) to be smaller than the length (c) of the cavity and for the sum of the lengths (a + b) of the tubular elements (23, 25) to be greater than the length (c) of the cavity.

Description: The invention relates to an arrangement for damping a pulsation of a fluid conveyed through a conveying device, having the features mentioned in the precharacterizing clause of Claim 1. It is known to use conveying devices for conveying a fluid, for example a cooling or hydraulic unit. In this case, the fluid is conveyed from a suction side to a delivery side of the conveying device, at the same time with an increase in pressure, by means of a displacement unit. An appropriate conduit is connected to a delivery connection of the conveying device in order to transfer the conveyed fluid. The displacement unit normally possesses a plurality of displacement chambers, the conveyed part-volumes of wich are combined to form a total volume flow of the conveying device. This causes the volume flow to pulsate. The temporary rise and fall in the pressure (pulsation) may be divided into individual pressure waves. Pulsations of this kind also occur when gaseous fluids are conveyed. The pulsation of the fluid gives rise, on the one hand, to vibrations and, on the other hand, to disturbing noises. In order to avoid these disadvantages, in the arrangements known hitherto the fluid has been led through tubular elements which are arranged in the fluid stream. It is also known to arrange the tubular elements in a cavity which is formed by a flexible element and through which the fluid flows. In this case, a first tubular element is used as an inflow and a second tubular element as an outflow. The two tubular elements are, in this case, arranged in such a way that their inflow and outflow of orifices are located opposite one another and are arranged at a distance from one another. There is also a gap between the inflow and outflow orifices. The cavity formed or enclosed by the flexible element is likewise filled with the fluid, and the fluid conveyed by the hydraulic conveying device flows from the inflow orifice of the first tubular element by way of the gap to the outflow orifice of the second tubular element. In this case, in the region of the gap, the fluid is damped as a result of interaction with the fluid located in the cavity. At the same time, on the one hand, the front of the pressure wave is widened due to turbulences which occur and, on the other hand, a cavity formed by the flexible element increases in size by virtue of the internal pressure which has risen. As soon as the internal pressure falls again, contraction of a flexible element occurs, this force likewise serving for conveying the fluid. Arrangements for damping a pulsation of a fluid having two individual tubular elements, wherein the length of the individual tubular elements within the cavity is smaller than the length of the cavity, and wherein the sum of the length of the tubular elements within the cavity is greater than the length of the cavity, are known from FR-A-1 536 140. In the arrangement known hitherto, however, pulsations continue to occur. Pulsation damping is therefore insufficient. The object on which the invention is based is to allow greater damping of the pulsation on a cost-effective way without any additional outlay in design terms. To achieve this object, an arrangement having the features mentioned in Claim 1 is proposed. This arrangement has a flexible element enclosing a cavity. Two tubular elements are entirely arranged in this flexible element. In this case, the length of the individual tubular elements is smaller than the length of the cavity in the flexible element. However, the sum of the lengths of the tubular elements is larger than the length of the cavity. In this way, on the one hand, the distance from the inflow orifice to the outflow orifice is increased; on the other hand, the direction of flow of the fluid is reversed in the region between the inflow orifice and the outflow orifice. At least one of the tubular elements has a wall formed from a plastic spiral or from a metal spiral. That is why the fluid may emerge under excessive pressure in the regions in which adjacent spiral flights are adjacent to one another. This results in advantageous pulsation damping. The tubular elements consist, for example, of plastic or of metal, preferably of high-grade steel. Their composition may be adapted to the fluid to be conveyed and to the pulsations which occur. The flexible element is integrated via a sleeve, flange or the like into the circuit of the fluid to be conveyed. The said flexible element has a flexible wall which may consist, for example, of an elastomer. Further preferred embodiments of the invention may be gathered from the remaining features which are mentioned in the subclaims. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing in which: Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of an arrangement for damping a pulsation, and Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of an embodiment. Figure 1 shows a diagrammtic longitudinal sectional view through an arrangement 10 for damping a pulsation of a fluid conveyed through a conveying device 12. In this case, the fluid, for example a hydraulic or cooling fluid, is conveyed to a consumer 16 by way of a conduit system 14 which may comprise pipes and/or hoses. The arrangement 10 has a holder 18 which comprises a flexible element 20. The latter consists, for example of plastic, preferably of an elastomer, and is designed as a hollow body, here as a cylindrical pipe. The flexible element 20 encloses a cavity 24, in which two tubular elements 23, 25 are arranged. These may be formed, for example, from plastic. The wall of at least one of the tubular elements 23, 25 may have holes preferably running radially. A suitable choice of plastic material ensures that both the flexible element and the tubular elements 23, 25 are resistant to the fluid temperatures occurring during the operation of the conveying device 12 and to the fluid itself. The tubular elements 23, 25, which are preferably designed as straight small tubes, but can also be of curved or twisted design, are fixed to the holder 18 by means of a retaining device 28 and are connected to the conduit system 14. When the conveying device 12 is in operation, the fluid to be conveyed enters the cavity 24 at an inflow orifice 30 of the first tubular element 23. A second tubular element 25 has an outflow orifice 32, by way of which the fluid passes out of the cavity 24 and, by way of the conduit system 14, to the consumer 16. The cavity 24 is filled with the fluid to be conveyed. The conveying device 12 is, for example, a displacement pump which, while in operation, transmits pulsations to the fluid. The pulsations cause pressure fluctuations in the fluid. Pulsation waves therefore run though the fluid conveyed. As a result of such pulsation waves, excess pressure occurs in the cavity 24, so that the flexible element 20 is deflected or widened radially outwards. After the pulsation wave and the excess pressure caused by the latter have disappeared, the flexible element 20 contracts radially inwards. The energy necessary for the expansion of the flexible element 20 is abstracted from the pulsation, so that the latter is damped. It is shown, furthermore, that the pulsation in the conduit system downstream of the arrangement, as seen in the direction of flow, can advantageously be influenced by the length a, b of the tubular elements 23, 25 and the length c of the cavity in the flexible element 20. In this case, the length a, b of the individual tubular elements 23, 25 is smaller than the length c of the flexible element 20. In total, however, the length (a + b) of the two tubular elements 23, 25 exceeds the length c of the flexible element 20. The two tubular elements 23, 25 are therefore arranged next to one another in an overlap region within the cavity. The length l of this region is determined according to the formula l = (a + b) - c. The inflow orifice 30 is therefore offset relative to the outflow orifice 32 by the length I. Thus, starting from the inflow orifice 30, the fluid, on its way to the outflow orifice 32, is conveyed, within the cavity in the flexible element 20, in opposite direction to the conveying direction or direction of flow prevailing in the conduit system 14 and in the tubular elements 23, 25. The distance which the pressure waves must cover within the flexible element 20 is thereby increased. It is longer than the free distance c present in the cavity. It is shown, in this case, that the pulsation can be damped in a surprisingly simple way by means of the arrangement 10. Pulsation damping may be influenced by varying the length a, b of the tubular elements 23, 25, in particular the sum of the lengths (a + b), the length c of the flexible element 20 and the lenght l of the overlap region. By means of the measures described here, the resonant frequencies can be influenced and displaced, specifically in say a way that the frequencies which then still occur no longer have such a great effect, or even have virtually no effect at all, on noise and on vibrations. In all the components which are downstream of the arrangement 10 in the direction of flow of the fluid, the pulsation is damped in this way, and consequently disturbing vibrations or noises are also reduced. Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of an embodiment according to the invention. Here,for example both tubular elements 23, 25 have a wall produced from a metal spiral. The fluid may emerge under excess pressure in the regions in which adjacent spiral fligths are in each case adjacent to one another. Additional turbulences therefore occur on the outer surface of the tubular elements 23, 25 and are conducive to pulsation damping. All the other components have the same functionality-as the components of the arrangement according to Figure 1. Identical parts are therefore given the same reference symbols. Reference is made, to that extent, to the description relating to Figure 1. It may also be pointed out, here, that a combination of small tubes made of plastic and metal is also possible. One of the tubular elements may therefore consist of plastic and the other of metal. It may also be envisaged to use small tubes with a wall consisting of a plastic spiral. By means of this arrangement the fluid can emerge through the wall transversely to the conveying direction and generate vortices in the cavity, so as to ensure additonal damping of pulsations. The arrangement 10 can be used to damp pulsations of any fluids conveyed through a conveying device 12. It may therefore be employed both, and preferably, in the conveyance of liquid media and in the conveyance of gaseous media.

Claims: Arrangement (10) for damping a pulsation of a fluid conveyed through a conveying device (12), the fluid being led by way of a first tubular element (23) into a cavity (24) formed by a flexible element (20) and emerging from the cavity (24) by way of a second tubular element (25), and the tubular elements (23, 25) being entirely arranged within the cavity (24) in the flexible element (20), wherein the length (a, b) within the cavity (24) of the individual tubular elements (23, 25) is smaller than the length (c) of the cavity (24) in the flexible element (20), and wherein the sum of the lengths (a + b) of the tubular elements (23, 25) is greater than the length (c) of the cavity (24), characterized in that the cavity (24) is formed by a flexible element (20) and that at least one of the tubular elements (23, 25) has a wall formed from a metal spiral or from a plastic spiral. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the tubular elements is made out of plastic and one of the tubular elements is made out of metal. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flexible element (20) consists of plastic, preferably of an elastomer. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible element (20) is held by a holder (18). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular elements (23, 25) are fixed in the cavity (24) by means of a retaining device (28).

Inventors: HILGERT ANDREAS, HILGERT, ANDREAS
Applicants: EATON FLUID POWER GMBH
Application year: 1999
Main classification: F16L55
IPC codes: F16L55