Dispenser cap for fluid substance containers

Abstract: A fluid substance dispenser cap, formed in only two component parts, for fitting onto the neck (7) of containers (8) having an external thread (6), the two parts being shaped in such a manner as to prevent accidental separation of the cap from the neck of the container on which it is mounted.

Description: A dispenser cap applicable to the mouth of a fluid substance container and operable by simple rotation to close the container mouth and respectively open it to enable the substance to be dispensed. Various types of cap are known applicable to a container mouth to close or open the passage through said mouth by simply rotating the outermost component forming part of each cap. US-A-5004127 and US-A-5421487 (corresponding to EP-B-0598223) describe caps formed from three separate but mutually cooperating parts, a first part being securely fixed on the container mouth, a second part being rotatable about the first, and a third component part which is rotatably constrained to the second part, but relative to which it can freely slide axially, and is connected to the first part by a screw coupling or the like in such a manner as to slide axially to it when the second part is rotated about the first part. As will be apparent, the structure of such caps is very complicated and their cost is high, a reason for which being the difficulty of constructing the coupling systems between their constituent parts with the necessary precision. Caps of simpler structure, formed in only two parts, are described in US-A-4690304 in which the two pieces are secured together by a cam or screw system such that rotating the first piece causes the second piece to slide relative to it, with consequent opening or closure of the discharge hole in the cap. The structure of this cap is complex and costly and requires the container mouth to be especially shaped to fix and retain one of the two pieces forming the cap. EP-A-0270134 and US-A-4 383626 also describe caps formed in two pieces screwed one onto the other, the inner piece being superposed on and screwed onto a thread provided on the outside of the container neck. The cap structure is complex because a screw coupling system has to be provided between the two constituent pieces of the cap. Indeed both constituent pieces are provided with threads and can be produced only with expensive molds having rotating tools from which such pieces can both be taken off only if a rotational movement is transmitted to them: a further complex machine is required for screwing the two constituent pieces one on the other to form a cap which can then be screwed on the container neck. Also, whenever the cap outer piece is turned to open the cap on which it is mounted, its rotational movement transmits a torque to the inner constituent piece which may be screwed away from the container neck. The caps described in the aforesaid patents all have a serious drawback deriving from the fact that the two or respectively three constituent parts of the caps are positioned on the outside of the mouth or neck of the container on which they are mounted. The caps are fairly large in size (in terms of their cross-section), which means that if the container neck is of normal size (ie with a relatively large cross-section), the cap has necessarily to have an even greater cross-section, this being unacceptable. This means that to keep the cap cross-section within acceptably small values, the only usable and practical solution (which is that followed in practice) is to considerably reduce the cross-section of the container mouth or neck to much less than the usual transverse dimensions of the mouth or neck of a normal container of equal capacity. This has a further serious consequence, namely that the hole through which the fluid substance (liquid or cream) is fed into the container by automatic machines is small, hence slowing the container filling operation and requiring the filling machine to be adjusted differently depending on whether the mouth is to be closed by a normal one-piece closure cap or whether a dispenser cap of known type is to be used on it. Dispenser caps formed in only two pieces are already described also in US-A-3010619, US-A-3240404 and FR-A-1113774. The two pieces consist of a hollow profiled body one portion of which is inserted and retained in the hole of a container neck, and a head superposed on this body and lying above the free end of the container neck, on the outer surface of which there is provided a thread with which a thread provided inside the head engages. The head can be rotated on the threaded container neck to traverse relative to it from a lowered position in which a discharge hole provided at the top of the head is pressed and sealed against the end of an appendix projecting from the body, and a position in which the head discharge hole is raised from said appendix to free the discharge hole, through which the substance contained in the container on which the cap is mounted can flow out. The caps described in the three aforesaid patents have the serious drawback that their constituent head can be freely unscrewed and removed from the container neck, to leave the body still fitted to the neck, so that the substance contained in the container can be accidentally spilled. The aforesaid problem is partially solved by the cap described in FR-A-1370761. This cap is also in two parts such as those described in the three aforesaid patents, but comprises opposing annular ribs projecting from the profiled body and head respectively, which mutually interfere when the head is unscrewed from the container neck (to free the discharge hole provided in it), so hindering or preventing separation of the head from the body. There is however again a serious drawback, in that if the head is rotated in the unscrewing direction to a greater degree than is necessary to completely open the discharge hole, the annular rib on the head engages the annular rib on the body and drags it axially to extract the body from the hole in the container neck. This occurs because the head can exert a strong dragging action on the body in the axial direction, even though the force necessary to rotate the head around the neck thread is small. The result is that the entire dispenser cap can easily separate from the container neck, and the substance in the container be poured out without any control. An object of this invention is therefore to provide a low-cost dispenser cap of simple construction formed from only two component parts, and which can be easily fitted to containers having the size of mouth closable by a normal closure cap, hence without having to modify generally used containers in any way. A further fundamental object is to provide a cap of the aforesaid type which cannot be accidentally removed (wholly or partly) from the neck of the container on which it is fitted. These and further objects are attained by a dispenser cap comprising: a head bounded by a lateral wall and a top wall at the centre of which there is provided a discharge hole about which there extends, internal to the lateral wall of the head, a cylindrical tubular wall projecting from said top wall; a profiled body housed in the interior of the head and having a first tubular wall adjacent to and movable relative to the tubular wall of the head; an elongate appendix forming part of the body and extending inside said first tubular wall, with the free end of the appendix superposable on the head discharge hole to seal it; a second tubular wall extending from the body in the opposite direction to that in which the first tubular wall extends; at least one aperture provided in the body to directly connect together the spaces bounded by the two tubular walls projecting from it; the outer diameter of said second tubular wall being substantially complementary to the inner diameter of the hole in the neck of a container on which the cap is to be mounted with the second tubular wall inserted and retained in the container neck; the profiled body having an outward shoulder the diameter of which is greater than that of the hole in the container neck; the head being superposable on the free end of the container neck and having on the inner surface of its lateral wall at least one helical thread or groove engagable with a corresponding helical groove or thread or the like provided on the outer surface of the container neck to enable the head to be screwed or unscrewed on the container neck between a position in which the head discharge hole is sealed by the free end of the appendix on the body and a position in which the hole is free and distant from said appendix; from the opposing surfaces of the tubular wall of the head and of the first tubular wall of the body there projecting, in proximity to their respective free ends, annular ribs which seal against the surfaces of the opposing tubular walls and which interfere with each other to obstruct separation of the head from the body, characterised in that the thread on the head and the axial length of the two tubular walls from which said annular ribs project are such that when the head is rotated in the direction for unscrewing it from the container neck, the thread on the head becomes released or freed from the thread on the neck before said annular ribs mutually interfere. Preferably the thread on the head occupies only a portion of the inner surface of the lateral wall of the head not extending to the free edge of said lateral wall. To further clarify the understanding of the structure and characteristics of the dispenser cap, a preferred embodiment is described hereinafter by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, on which: Figure 1 is an axial section through the cap shown in the open position, mounted on a container mouth; and Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1, but showing the cap closed. The dispenser cap shown in the figures comprises a head bounded by a lateral wall 1 and a top wall 2, in the centre of which there is provided a hole 3 about which there projects from the wall 2 a tubular wall 4 extending into the space enclosed by the lateral wall 1, from which there projects a helical thread or rib 5 which engages a corresponding helical thread or rib 6 projecting from the mouth 7 of a container 8 on which the cap is mounted. In the interior of the head 1, 2 there is housed a profiled body having a first tubular wall 9 surrounding and sealedly slidable on the wall 4, and a second tubular wall 10 which extends in the opposite direction to the wall 9 from an intermediate discoidal element 11 in which apertures 12 are provided connecting together the spaces bounded by the walls 9 and 10. The outer surface of the tubular wall 10 is shaped to enable it to be forcibly inserted into and retained by friction in the hole in the neck 7 of the container 8, the discoidal element 11 resting on the free edge of the neck 7, but without projecting from it. The body also comprises an elongate appendix 13 which extends into the interior of the tubular wall 9 and has its free end superposable on and insertable into the hole 3 (Figure 2) of the head, to seal it. Finally it can be seen that from the free edges of the tubular walls 4, 9 there project annular ribs 14 and 15 respectively, which are sealedly slidable on the opposing surfaces of said tubular walls and mutually react (Figure 1) to hinder or prevent separation of the head 1, 2 from the body 9, 10, 11, 13. These ribs enable the head and body to be easily snap-assembled, and which, after having been separately produced, and assembled by simply axially snap coupling one onto the other to form a dispenser cap, are sold as complete caps to the user firm. To mount the aforedescribed cap on a container the head 1, is screwed directly onto the helical thread (or groove) provided on the outer surface of the container neck, with the helical ribs 5 of the head engaging the ribs 6 of the container neck, with the result that the tubular wall 10 is forced into the hole in the container neck 7 (this wall remaining secured by friction). When the head has been completely screwed down on the container mouth, the free end of the appendix 13 presses against the discharge hole 3, the container hence being sealed by the dispenser cap (Figure 2). When the head is unscrewed on the container neck, the body 9, 10, 11, 13 remains retained and immobile on the mouth, whereas the head is raised and withdrawn from it (Figure 1), so that the hole 3 is freed from the end of the appendix 13. If the container is inverted with the cap open so that the cap faces downwards, the fluid substance contained in the container can be dispensed to the outside by passing through the space bounded by the wall 10, the apertures 12, the space bounded by the walls 9 and 4, and then the hole 3. The described dispenser cap is of very simple and low-cost structure, and possesses the characteristic that the only point of possible engagement between its two constituent parts is determined by the mutual interference of the ribs 14, 15. A further characteristic is that the body 9, 10, 11, 13 does not project laterally from the container neck 7, and that the head superposed on it is screwed directly onto the outer surface of said neck 7. This enables the dispenser cap to be directly fitted onto a traditional container neck, with the further advantage that the hole in the neck can be of relatively large dimensions, enabling the fluid substance to be fed into the container (before fitting the cap onto it) at a high rate, using the same automatic filling machines used to fill containers having the same neck but which may be closed by traditional caps different from that described. Finally it can be seen that the outer diameter of the tubular wall 9 can be equal to that of the wall 10 or even equal to that of the container neck, in which latter case the discoidal element 11 would not exist and the body would be restrained on the neck 7 by the base of the wall 9 (again formed in one piece with the wall 10). However the most important characteristic of the dispenser cap of the invention is another, for the understanding of which some preliminary explanation will be given. If the thread 5 provided on the interior of the head and the axial length of the tubular walls were to be such that the annular rib 14 came into contact with the rib 15 while the thread provided on the head was still operationally engaged with the thread 6 provided on the outside of the container neck 7, the head could easily be rotated (with little force) in the sense of unscrewing it off the neck 7 while the rib 14 exerted a strong pull in the axial direction on the rib 15, so tending to pull the body out of the hole in the neck, with consequent danger of accidentally removing the cap from the container neck. The essential characteristic of the cap claimed herein is hence the fact that when the head is unscrewed on the container neck to move the cap from its closed position (Figure 2) to its open position (Figure 1), the thread 5 on the head becomes released from the thread 6 on the neck 7 before the two annular ribs 14, 15 interfere with each other (by which the two ribs would come into contact), so making it impossible for the wall 10 of the body to withdraw from the hole in the neck 7 on which the cap is mounted. As can be clearly seen from Figure 1, when the head is rotated into the open position (with the discharge hole 3 completely open and free), the thread 5 on the head becomes released or freely rotatable idly above the free end of the thread provided on the outside of the neck. If the head is further rotated in its unscrewing direction, the two threads 5 and 6 are no longer mutually engaged, and the annular rib 14 is unable to exert any axial thrust on the rib 15 by utilizing the force which would otherwise have derived from the rotation of the head, so that the body cannot be accidentally pulled out of the hole in the neck 7. If the head were to be pulled axially after its unscrewing (Figure 1), the body could be removed from the hole in the neck only with extreme difficulty, as it would be necessary to overcome the considerable resistance (friction) to the relative movement between the tubular wall 10 and the surface of the hole in the neck.

Claims: A dispenser cap for fluid substance containers, comprising: a head (1,2,4) bounded by a lateral wall (1) and a top wall (2) at the centre of which there is provided a discharge hole (3) about which there extends, internal to the lateral wall (1) of the head, a cylindrical tubular wall (4) projecting from said top wall (2); a profiled body (9,10,11,13) housed in the interior of the head and having a first tubular wall (9) adjacent to and movable relative to the tubular wall (4) of the head; an elongate appendix (13) forming part of the body and extending inside said first tubular wall (9), with the free end of the appendix (13) superposable on the head discharge hole (3) to seal it; a second tubular wall (10) extending from the body in the opposite direction to that in which the first tubular wall (9) extends; at least one aperture (12) provided in the body to directly connect together the spaces bounded by the two tubular walls (9,10) projecting from it; the outer diameter of said second tubular wall (10) being substantially complementary to the inner diameter of the hole in the neck (7) of a container (8) on which the cap is to be mounted with the second tubular wall (10) inserted and retained in the container neck (7); the profiled body (9,10,11,13) having an outward shoulder (11) the diameter of which is greater than that of the hole in the container neck (7); the head (1,2,4) being superposable on the free end of the container neck (7) and having on the inner surface of its lateral wall (1) at least one helical thread (5) or groove engagable with a corresponding helical groove or thread (6) or the like provided on the outer surface of the container neck (7) to enable the head (1,2,4) to be screwed or unscrewed on the container neck between a position in which the head discharge hole (3) is sealed by the free end of the appendix (13) of the body and a position in which the hole (3) is free and distant from said appendix (13); from the opposing surfaces of the tubular wall (4) of the head (1,2,4) and of the first tubular wall (9) of the body (9,10,11,13) there projecting, in proximity to their respective free ends, annular ribs (14,15) which seal against the surfaces of the opposing tubular walls (9,4) and which interfere with each other to obstruct separation of the head from the body, characterised in that the thread (5) on the head and the axial length of the two tubular walls (4,9) from which said annular ribs (14,15) project are such that when the head (1,2,4) is rotated in the direction for unscrewing it from the container neck (7), the thread (5) on the head becomes released or freed from the thread (6) on the neck (7) before said annular ribs (14,15) mutually interfere. A dispenser cap as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the thread (5) on the head (1,2,4) occupies only a portion of the inner surface of the lateral wall (1) of the head (1,2,4) not extending to the free edge of said lateral wall (1).

Inventors: MORETTI MATTEO, MORETTI, MATTEO
Applicants: LUMSON SPA, LUMSON S.P.A.
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B65D47
IPC codes: B65D47