CUTTING TOOL

Abstract: An apparatus is described for simultaneously forming a plurality of closely spaced, parallel grooves (11) for receiving O-rings therein and having a web between them in a thin-walled tube of an aluminium tubular coupling. The apparatus comprises means for holding said tube (20) in a fixed position during a cutting operation and a rotating cutting tool (16) for cutting said grooves (11) in said tube, the cutting tool (16) rotating about the fixed tube (20) to form the plurality of grooves (11). The cutting tool (16) comprises an insert form cutter (40) having a plurality of cutting blades (60) for cutting the grooves (11), which are separated by a predetermined distance. The insert form cutter (40) further comprises a plurality of chip relief members (66), each one of which is associated with each of the cutting blades (60) and extending across the cutting edge (54) of the insert form cutter (40). A holder (32) holds the insert form cutter (40) and includes means for preventing misalignment of the cutter (40) therein.

Description: CUTTING TOOL The present invention relates generally to cutting tools and machines for forming grooves. More particularly, the present invention relates to cutting tools for forming a plurality of parallel grooves in a thin-walled tubular member . Multiple, parallel grooves have been formed in tubular members by using multiple cutting tools rotating around the tubular member. These cutting tools have to be constantly monitored to insure that each tool is cutting a respective groove to the same dimensions as its counterpart tools. Often, one tool will wear prematurely before the others, making it necessary to remove all the tools, and either replace them entirely or carefully and exactly machine the multiple tools to the same dimensions. This is a very costly and time consuming process which is difficult to monitor. Also, after the tools are removed and machined, the operator must replace the tools in a proper orientation. Known machines and cutting tools do not provide any mechanism for preventing misalignment of the tools. Furthermore, the cutting tools are prone to chip buildup. As cutting continues, more cutting chips are formed. If the chips are not directed away from the cutting tools, the tools become clogged and the resultant groove does not meet dimension. With a view to mitigating at least sone of the above problems of prior art tools, the present invention provides in accordance with a first aspect an apparatus for simultaneously forming a plurality of closely spaced, parallel grooves for receiving O-rings therein and having a web between them in a thin-walled tube of an aluminium tubular coupling, the apparatus comprising tube holding means for holding the tube in a fixed position during a cutting operation; a rotating cutting tool for cutting the grooves in the tube, the cutting tool being operative to rotate about the fixed tube to form the plurality of grooves in the tube, the cutting tool comprising: an insert form cutter having a front face, a rear face, a cutting edge and a bottom edge, the insert form cutter comprising a plurality of cutting blades for cutting the grooves, said cutting blades being disposed at the cutting edge and being separated by a predetermined distance, the insert form cutter further comprising a plurality of chip relief members, each one of the plurality of chip relief members being operatively associated with each of the cutting blades and extending across the cutting edge of the insert form cutter from the front face to the rear face of the cutter; and a holder for hding the insert form cutter, the holder including means for preventing misalignment of the cutter therein; and means for driving the cutting tool into and out of engagement with the tube. In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an insert form cutting tool for forming a groove in a thin-walled tube, the tool having a front face, a rear face, a cutting edge and a bottom edge, the tool comprising a cutting blade for cutting the groove, the cutting blade being disposed at the cutting edge and being separated by a predetermined distance; a chip relief member being operatively associated with the cutting blade and extending across the cutting edge of the insert form cutter from the front face to the rear face of the cutter; and means for securing the tool in a holder. It is an advantage of the preferred embodiment of the present invention that it provides a cutting tool which is less costly and more robust than prior tools. A further advantage of the preferred embodiment of the invention is that it provides a cutting tool which forms multiple parallel grooves in a tube using a single cutting tool, thereby saving labour and costs associated with forming a plurality of grooves in a tube. The invention will now be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cutting tool structured in accord with the principles of the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of a tubular member having a plurality of parallel grooves formed according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a front elevational view of an insert form cutting tool of the present invention, Figure 5 is a top plan view of the cutter of Figure 4, Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the cutter of Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a perspective view of the insert cutter of the present invention placed is the cutting tool. Referring now to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show an apparatus 10 for forming a plurality of parallel grooves in thin-walled tubing. For example, the apparatus 10 of the present invention can be used for forming parallel grooves 11 for holding O-rings in a thin-walled aluminium tube to be joined to a second tube such as shown in Figure 3. One such tube arrangement is commonly known as a spring lock tubular coupling 13, such as is shown in U.S. Patent No. 5,816,626, assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The present invention will be explained with reference to a tubular coupling, but the present invention can be utilised for other applications as well. The apparatus 10 includes a frame 12 securing a tool housing 14. The housing contains a cutting tool assembly 16 mechanically connected to a drive mechanism 18. The drive mechanism 18 operates to place the cutting tool assembly 16 into and out of engagement with a tube 20 to be machined and includes a drive shaft 22 connected to a cam member 24. The drive shaft 22 axially reciprocates within a spindle 26 to cause the cam member 24 to move. A tooling stop member 28 is fixed on the drive shaft 22 to limit the travel of the shaft relative to the tool housing As shown in Figure 2, the cutting tool assembly 16 is disposed within the tool housing 14. The cutting tool assembly 16 rotates about the tube 20 to cut the grooves therein and includes a plurality of cutter holders 32 and an insert form cutter 40 which seats into the cutter holder 32. The cutter holders 32 are disposed equally in a generally circular member 42 which rotates about the tube 20. The cutter holders 32 reciprocate radially toward the centre of the circular member 42 to engage the tube 20 extending therethrough . As shown in Figures 4-6, the insert form cutters 40 of the present invention are generally rectangularly shaped and include a front face 50, a rear face 52, a cutting edge 54 and a bottom edge 56. The cutting edge 54 is disposed at an angle, (, of five to twenty degrees, preferably approximately twelve degrees to the plane of the front face 50. This defines a cutting line 58 along the cutting edge 54 of the insert 50. The insert 50 also includes a plurality of cutting blades 60 which form the parallel grooves in the tube 20The cutting blades 60 are disposed along the cutting line 58 and are spaced a predetermined distance apart . As shown in the present example, three cutting blades 60 are shown, having two spaces 62 disposed between the blades. The spaces 62 allow webs to be formed between the grooves in the tube. However, the insert form cutter 40 can be formed to include any number of cutting blades 60, including one blade. The insert form cutter 40 also includes a plurality of chip relief members 66. Each chip relief member 66 is generally shaped as a triangle and extends across the cutting edge 54 of the cutter, beginning at the cutting blade 60. The chip relief members 66 include two sides 68 which converge at the rear face 52 on the cutting edge 54. The converging sides 68 meet to form an angle, β, of three to fifteen degrees, with the preferred angle being approximately ten degrees. These converging sides 68 are instrumental in preventing chip buildup in the cutting tool during forming of the grooves. The insert form cutter 40 can be manufactured from any material used for cutting, such as tool steels and carbides. The present invention is not meant to be limited to a specific material . As shown in Figure 7, the cutting tool assembly 16 includes the insert form cutter holder 32 and cutter 40. The cutter holder 32 has a cavity 72 in the holder which has been shaped to matingly engage the cutter 40. The engagement is only possible when the cutter 40 is oriented properly, thereby providing means for preventing misalignment of the cutter 40. A fastener 74 or other known clip is used to secure the cutter 40 into its holder 32 and not hinder chip removal . In operation, the tube 20 to be machined is placed in the apparatus 10. The drive mechanism of the apparatus moves the drive shaft 22 to begin moving the cam member 24 toward the tube 20. A mandrel 76 disposed internally of the cam member 24 reciprocates into the tube 20 to prevent the tube from deforming during the cutting operation. As the cam member 24 moves toward the tube, its angled interior sides 78 contact the tool holders 32 forcing them radially into engagement with the tube 20. The insert form cutter contacts the tube 20. Once in proper location, as determined in any number of known ways, such as by pressure, distance, or electronic eye, the cutting tool assembly 16 rotates about the tube 20, causing the insert form cutter to cut a plurality of grooves into the tube. As the cutting tool is rotating, the cutting blades 60 are cutting the wall of the tube. This produces fine chips which are directed away from the tool by the angled cutting edge 54 as well as the chip relief members 66. By being tapered, the chip relief members 66 provide an increasing amount of free area for the chips to pass through, thereby preventing a buildup. After a predetermined stop location is reached or timer conditions are met, the cam member 24 reciprocates in the opposite direction, lifting the cutting tool away from the tube. The mandrel is removed from the interior of the tube 20, and the tube is removed and replaced with a new tube to be cut . It is important to note that a single insert form cutter can be used with an existing and known apparatus for forming grooves into a tubular member. In the apparatus described above, the cutting tool included three equally spaced cutter holders. The insert could be placed in a single cutter holder and counter balance weights would be placed in the open holders. Alternatively, a second and third insert form cutter could be placed in the other holders and spaced therein so as not to contact the tube until an adjustment was made.

Claims: Claims 1. An apparatus for simultaneously forming a plurality of closely spaced, parallel grooves (11) for receiving O-rings therein and having a web between them in a thin-walled tube of an aluminium tubular coupling, the apparatus comprising: tube holding means for holding said tube (20) in a fixed position during a cutting operation; a rotating cutting tool (16) for cutting said grooves (11) in said tube, said cutting tool (16) being operative to rotate about said fixed tube (20) to form said plurality of grooves (11) in said tube (20), said cutting tool (16) comprising: an insert form cutter (40) having a front face (50) , a rear face (52) , a cutting edge (54) and a bottom edge (56), said insert form cutter (40) comprising a plurality of cutting blades (60) for cutting said grooves (11) , said cutting blades (60) being disposed at said cutting edge (54) and being separated by a predetermined distance, said insert form cutter (40) further comprising a plurality of chip relief members (66) , each one of said plurality of chip relief members (66) being operatively associated with each of said cutting blades (60) and extending across said cutting edge (54) of said insert form cutter (40) from said front face (50) to said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) ; and a holder (32) for holding said insert form cutter (40) , said holder (32) including means for preventing misalignment of said cutter (40) therein; and means (18) for driving said cutting tool (16) into and out of engagement with said tube (20) . 2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cutting edge (54) of said insert form cutter (40) is disposed at an angle of 3° to 20° to the plane of said front face (50) of said cutter (40) . 3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 , wherein each one of said plurality of chip relief members (66) extends from said cutting blade (60) to said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) . 4. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each chip relief member (66) is generally triangularly shaped, having a first side of predetermined width at said cutting blade (60) and two converging sides (68) extending toward said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) . 5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said converging sides (68) of said chip relief member (66) converge to form an angle of 3° to 15°. 6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said converging sides (68) of said chip relief member (66) converge to form an angle of approximately 10°. 7. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said cutting tool (16) includes three equidistantly spaced holders (32) , only one of which is operative to engage said tube (20) during a cutting operation. 8. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said means for preventing misalignment of said insert form cutter (40) in said holder (32) comprises a cavity (72) of predetermined configuration such that said insert form cutter (40) matingly engages said cavity (72) only when in proper cutting orientation. 9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said holder (32) further includes a fastener (74) for securing said cutter in said holder. 10. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said insert form cutter (40) is fabricated from a carbide material . 11. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said insert form cutter (40) is fabricated from a tool steel . 12. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said tube holder further includes an axially reciprocating mandrel (76) operative to reciprocate into said tube (20) prior to forming said grooves (11) and reciprocate out of said tube (20) after said grooves (11) are formed. 13. An insert form cutting tool (40) for forming a groove (11) in a thin-walled tube (20) , the tool (40) having a front face (50) , a rear face (52) , a cutting edge (54) and a bottom edge (56) , said tool (40) comprising: a cutting blade (60) for cutting said groove (11) , said cutting blade (60) being disposed at said cutting edge (54) and being separated by a predetermined distance; a chip relief member (66) being operatively associated with said cutting blade (60) and extending across said cutting edge (54) of said insert form cutter (40) from said front face (50) to said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) ; and means (74) for securing said tool in a holder (32) . 14. A tool (40) as claimed in claim 13, wherein said cutting edge (54) of said insert form cutter (40) is disposed at an angle of 3° to 20° to the plane of said front face (50) of said cutter (40) . 15. A tool as claimed in claim 13 or 14, further including a plurality of cutting blades (60) for cutting said grooves (11), said cutting blades (60) being disposed at said cutting edge (54) and being separated by a predetermined distance; and a plurality of chip relief members ( 66 ) , each one of said plurality of chip relief members (66) being operatively associated with each of said cutting blades (60) and extending across said cutting edge (54) of said insert form cutter (40) from said front face (50) to said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) . 16. A tool as claimed in claim 15, wherein each one of said plurality of chip relief members (66) extends from said cutting blade (60) to said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) . 17. A tool as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein each chip relief member ( 66 ) is generally triangularly- shaped, having a first side of predetermined width at said cutting blade (60) and two converging sides (68) extending toward said rear face (52) of said cutter (40) . 18. A tool as claimed in claim 17, wherein said converging sides (68) of said chip relief member (66) converge to form an angle of 3° to 15°. 19. A tool as claimed in claim 18, wherein said converging sides (68) of said chip relief member (66) converge to form an angle of approximately 10°.

Inventors: AHAUS KEVIN MICHAEL, FISHER JOHN HARRY, AHAUS, KEVIN, MICHAEL, FISHER, JOHN, HARRY
Applicants: FORD MOTOR CO, FORD MOTOR COMPANY, FORD MOTOR COMPANY LIMITED
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B23B27
IPC codes: B23B5