INTERNAL FORCE APPLICATION APPARATUS

Abstract: A windshield jack (10) acting between the floor of a vehicle and the inside surface of the windshield (W) with the aid of suction cups (43) to apply an outward force to place the seal which bonds the windshield to the vehicle frame under tension. The peripheral seal can then be easily cut with a knife.

Description: INTERNAL FORCE APPLICATION APPARATUS Technical Field This invention relates to a tool which simplifies the task of removing a cracked or broken windshield in an automobile. Background Art A conventional windshield is secured to the frame opening in the vehicle body by means of a peripheral urethane bond. When this bond cures the windshield is firmly sealed in the frame for the life of the automobile. However, due to the impact of stones and metal objects thrown up into the path of travel, windshields can be cracked or broken. Vandalism is also a problem. A common practice to remove a defective windshield requires the mechanic to position himself in the vehicle with his head and shoulders pressed against the windshield to apply an outward pressure. While maintaining this pressure he must cut the urethane bond at the top and sides and pivot the partially loosened windshield about the bottom so as to cut the bottom bond without damaging any adjacent vehicle components. This procedure is dangerous and can traumatize the mechanic's neck and/or risk cuts. There is a need for a tool to simplify the operation and substitute mechanical pressure against the windshield for human head and shoulder pressure. The following prior art reflects the state of the art of which applicant is aware and is included herewith to discharge the applicant's acknowledged duty to disclose relevant prior art. It is stipulated, however, that none of these references teach singly nor render obvious when considered in any conceivable combination the nexus of the instant invention as disclosed in greater detail hereinafter and as particularly claimed. PATENT NO. ISSUE DATE INVENTOR 1 ,863,897 June 21 , 1932 Cloppert 2,014,535 September 17, 1935 Maca 2,305,995 December 22, 1942 Roberts 2,746,767 May 22, 1956 Evans 3,1 16,919 January 7, 1964 Alth 3,620,524 November 16, 1971 Czompi 3,662,994 May 16, 1972 Johns 3,770,259 November 6, 1973 Wagreich 3,804,397 April 16, 1974 Neumann 4,457,503 July 3, 1984 Connor 5,042,772 August 27, 1991 Madjeski 5,085,415 February 4, 1992 Shaver 5,087,019 February 1 1, 1992 Peabody, et al. 5,135,205 August 4, 1992 Bedard 5,479,689 January 2, 1996 Schmit, et al. A number of tool assemblies to aid the mechanic in removing and installing automobile windshields have been invented as typified by U.S. Patent No. 3,620,524, issued November 16, 1971, to Joseph Czompi; U.S. Patent No. 5,085,415, issued February 4, 1992, to Craig Shaver; and U.S. Patent No. 5,479,689, issued January 2, 1996, to David Schmit, et al. The patent to Czompi shows two spaced suction cups connected to an adjustable assembly to support a windshield while it is being installed. Shaver shows a windshield support mounted on the steering wheel to space a portion of the windshield from the frame opening. Schmit, et al. Shows a handheld tool to separate a windshield from the upper frame in order to expose the bottom seal for cutting. While the above-mentioned patents do teach tools to facilitate the removal and replacement of windshields, the prior art does not teach a windshield removal tool having the flexibility or attachment and precise adjustability to safely push a windshield out of a supporting frame. The other prior art listed above, but not specifically described further catalog the prior art of which the applicant is aware. These references diverge even more starkly from the references specifically distinguished above. Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the invention. Figure 2 is a front view of the invention. Figure 3 is a sectional view of the invention taken along lines 3-3 of figure 2. Figure 4 is a side view of the invention showing alternate positions of the top portion in phantom. Figure 5 is a side view of the top portion of the invention showing alternate positions of the suction device in phantom. Figure 6 is a front view similar to figure 5. Figure 7 is a front view of the invention suction cup arm showing alternate lateral position in phantom. Figure 8 is an exploded parts perspective view of the invention. Figure 9 is a pictorial view of the invention mounted in operative position. Figure 10 is a pictorial view of the suction cup being enabled. Figure 1 1 is a pictorial view showing the windshield bond being cut along the top edge. Figure 12 is a pictorial view of the windshield being pushed out after cutting the bond along side edges of the windshield. Figure 13 is a pictorial view of the windshield being removed. Figure 14 shows a self supporting stand usable with the jack of this invention. Figure 15 shows the stand of figure 14 supporting a windshield. Figure 16 shows a stand supported jack employed to remove a sealed side window of a vehicle. Best Modes for Carrying Out the Invention Considering the drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like parts throughout the various drawing figures, reference numeral 10 is directed to the windshield jack according to the present invention. Referring now in general to the drawings and in particular to figures 1 through 8, the novel windshield jack 10 of this invention comprises a main cylindrical tube 1 1 telescopically receiving a slideable cylindrical tube 12. The outside surface of the tube 1 1 may be provided with a polished surface for decorative purposes, or alternatively, provided with a soft plastic covering to prevent damage to the automobile interior. An extension cylinder 13 is inserted within tube 1 1 to abut stops 14 internally secured to tube 1 1. The bottom of extension cylinder 13 projecting below tube 1 1 is flattened to form a tail piece 15. A base 16 having spaced legs 17 made of plastic material is provided with a channel 18 formed between a pair of upstanding walls 2 to receive the tail piece 15. A headed pin 19 is passed through aligned holes 24 in the tail piece 15 and walls 2 of the base 16 to pivotally support the extension cylinder 13. A nut 20 is secured to pin 19 to hold the extension cylinder 13 in position and to allow for its removal for reasons explained below. As best seen in figures 1 and 2, extension cylinder 13 is carrying main tube 1 1 can be rotated clockwise around pin 19 to adjust the jack 10 from a vertical position through a range of almost 90 degrees. It should be understood that extension cylinder 13 can be made in various lengths to adapt the jack 10 for different uses. To change the extension cylinder 13. nut 20 is removed and pin 19 slid out. The extension cylinder 13 is then removed and replaced with one of a different length by inserting it in tube 1 1 until it strikes stop 14. The jack 10 is then set in channel 18 and the pin 19 inserted and secured by nut 20. Slideable tube 1 1 is reciprocated by means of a rack and pinion gear 21, 22 (figures 3 and 8). Rack gear 21 is vertically secured to the internal surface of tube 11 as seen in figure 3. Pinion gear 22 is secured on shaft 23 which passes through aligned holes 24 in the main tube 1 1. Shaft 23 also passes through diametrically opposed longitudinal slots 25 cut into the tube 12. One end of shaft 23 is provided with a crank handle 26 while the other end is positioned by shaft nut 27. Rotation of handle 26 rotates pinion 22 which drives rack gear 21 to extend or retract tube 12 with respect to main tube 1 1. Tube 12 is maintained in aligned position by shaft 23 passing through longitudinal slots 25. A conventional shaft locking mechanism is provided at 28 to retain the crank handle 26 in a set position. Rotation of threaded nut 29 causes a wedging action against shaft 23. While a rack and pinion drive is disclosed for explanatory purposes, it should be clearly understood that many other mechanical drives and linkages are available to extend tube 12 with respect to main tube 1 1. For example, tube 12 may be reciprocated by means of a hydraulic or electric drive, or even a cable and pulley system. A bracket 30 formed of a back wall 31 joined by two spaced curved side walls 32 is firmly secured to the top end of slidable cylindrical tube 12. A stub tube holder 33 is mounted between the side walls 32 of the bracket 30 for a limited range of angular adjustments. For this purpose a pivot pin 34 is passed through aligned holes 24 in the side walls 32 and holder 33 and permanently staked in position. In this manner holder 33 is permanently secured in bracket 30 while capable of limited angular adjustment. In order to effect this adjustment, a series of paired holes 35 arranged in an arcuate manner around pin 34 as a center are provided in the side walls 32. A hole 36 is drilled through holder 33 to sequentially align with arcuate holes 35 as the holder 33 is rotated around pivot 34. At the desired location of hole registration a pin 37 with a thumb grip is inserted to pass through the holes 24 in the side walls 32 and holder 33 to secure the holder 33 in a set angular position. It should be noted that holder 33 may be positioned so as to extend axially with tube 12, at right angles to tube 12 and a number of angular positions therebetween. Holder 33 removably supports a generally T-shaped work holder 38. The stem of the T- shaped work holder 38 consists of a coupling rod 39 which removably seats in holder 33 and has its other end secured to a tie rod 40. The crossarm 41 of the T is formed as a rod and passes through tie rod 40 and is secured thereto. Each arm of the cross is provided with flattened surfaces 42 on a side. A suction cup 43 is adjustably secured on each arm of the cross 41 by means of a suction cup holder 44 which comprises a tubular collar 45 telescoped over each arm of the cross. A finger tightening set screw 46 is provided near one end of tube 45 to position it on arm 41. Tightening of screw 46 against flattened surfaces 42 positions tube 45 on arm 41. The other end of tube 45 holds a clamp 47 which is bolted to an end portion of hollow tube 45 by means of bolt and nut 48. Clamp 47 has an opening 49 to securely receive the supporting shaft 50 of suction cup 43. Suction cup 43 is of conventional construction and has a plunger vacuum pump 51 mounted in shaft 50. Manual operation of pump 51 (along arrow H of figure 10) draws a vacuum between the suction cup 43 and its attached windshield W. Because of its attachment to tube 45 by bolt and nut 48, clamp 47 with attached suction cup 43 is capable of an arcuate adjustment around bolt 48 acting as a pivot. As shown in figures 5 and 6, suction cup 43 may be pivoted along arcs C and D or arcs E and F as needed. While suction cups are to be preferred, it should be noted that friction pads and other attachments may be employed instead of suction cups without departing from the scope of the invention. From figures 4 through 7 it can be seen that the suction cups 43 can be adjustably positioned with respect to the windshield W by means of: (1) rotation around bolt 48 acting as a pivot (as described above), (2) slideable adjustment of hollow tube 45 with respect to crossarm 41 (as along double arrow G in figure 7), (3) rotation of rod 39 in holder 33 (as shown in figure 4 along arcs A and B) and (4) pivotal adjustment of holder 33 in bracket 30 (as described above). Operation of the windshield jack 10 shown in figures 1 through 8 will be explained in connection with the pictorial views shown in figures 9 through 13. Referring first to figure 9, the jack 10 is positioned in the automobile with the base 16 supported on the floor and the jack 10 itself angled toward the windshield W. The jack 10 along with the work holder 38 and suction cups 43 are shifted and adjusted as explained above until a best fit position is found for the suction cups 43 in relation to the windshield W. The suction cups 43 are then pumped (figure 10) one at a time to create a vacuum to securely grip the windshield W. Handle 26 is then cranked around arcuate arrow I extending tube 1 1 along arrow R and exerting a force on the work holder 38 and suction cups 43 tending to outwardly push the windshield W. Sufficient force must be applied to stress the seal, but not enough to shatter the windshield W. This technique develops with experience. After the seal is sufficient stressed, the technician goes outside and cuts the top seal with a sharp knife (figure 1 1). It has been discovered that when sufficiently stressed in tension, the seal can be cut more easily than an unstressed seal. After the top seal is cut, the side seals are cut while maintaining pressure on the seals with the crank handle. With the top and side seals cut, the handle 26 is cranked until the windshield W is pivoted out of the frame around the bottom seal which is then cut (figure 12) to totally free the windshield W. As shown in figure 13, the final step in the operation is to rotate the windshield W so as to free the T-shaped work holder 38 along with its attached suction cups 43 from stub tube holder 33, leaving the jack body to lean against the dashboard. The work holder 38, along with the attached windshield W can then be carried off. Note the suction cup 43 holds the windshield W sufficiently to allow it to be a handle in carrying the windshield W. Figure 14 shows a modification for utilizing the disclosed jack 10 in a free standing mode of operation. Instead of the pivoted base 16 shown in figure 1 , figure 14 shows a free standing base 144 having a cup shaped holder 145 supported by a pair of diverging struts 146 which are securely welded thereto. End portions of the struts 146 are welded to a pair of spaced, parallel feet 147 which engage a supporting surface. The holder 145 supports the end portion of extension tube 13 including tail piece 15. By removing pin 19 from base 16, the same extension bar 13 can be used in the free standing base 144 by replacing pin 19 with hand screw knob 151. When so mounted, the jack 10 operates as explained in figures 1 through 8. Figure 15 shows the standing base 144 of figure 14 employed to hold a windshield W for inspection prior to its installation. As explained above, stub tube holder 33 may be adjusted in bracket 30 to be axially aligned. The suction cups 43 will then face upwardly to support the windshield W. Figure 16 shows the jack 10 of figure 10 arranged to apply pressure against the side window 148 of a van 149. The rigid stand 144 is braced against a curb 150 or similar secure support and the jack 10 angled to secure the suction cups 43 to the windshield W. While only two applications of the jack 10 equipped with a rigid standing base 144 are shown, the uses are many. For example, the jack 10 may be used to remove the rear windshield W of a truck by bracing the stand against the wheel well. Moreover, having thus described the invention, it should be apparent that numerous structural modifications and adaptions may be resorted to without departing from the scope and fair meaning of the instant invention as set forth hereinabove and as described hereinbelow by the claims. Industrial Applicability This invention exhibits industrial applicability in that it provides a telescoping jack acting between the floor and windshield to apply a controlled pushing pressure against the windshield. It is a specific object of the invention to apply the pressure to the windshield by means of two spaced suction cups which are adjustable with respect to the telescoping jack so as to apply the pressure in the most desirable area. The suction cups and mounting, while attached to the windshield, may be separated from the jack to serve as a carrier to remove the damaged windshield from the vehicle. It is another object of the invention to provide an adjustment mechanism to extend the telescoping jack in a precise manner so as to maintain the correct pressure against the windshield. It is yet another object of the invention to provide an adjustable base for the telescoping jack as well as an adjustable support at the top of the jack to enable universal positioning of the suction cups. Viewed from a first vantage point it is an object of the invention to provide a windshield jack for applying pressure on the inside surface of a windshield comprising a base member, first and second cylindrical members, said first cylindrical member telescopically supported with respect to said second cylindrical member for reciprocating motion to extend and retract said cylindrical members with respect to each other, means on an end of said second cylindrical member remote from said first cylindrical member for pivotally mounting said second cylindrical member on said base member, an end of said first cylindrical member remote from said second cylindrical member supporting a bracket, an elongated support member having first and second ends, said first end being pivotally mounted on said bracket said second end supporting means to frictionally engage said windshield inside surface, and means to extend said cylindrical members. Viewed from a second vantage point it is an object of the invention to provide a windshield jack for removing a windshield from a vehicle frame by applying pressure to the inside surface comprising a base member for positioning on the floor of a vehicle, a telescoping jack comprising at least two telescoping sections, drive means to reciprocate one of the sections with respect to the other, the fixed section being pivotally mounted on said base member so as to angle the jack in the direction of the windshield, a support bracket mounted on the free end of said movable section, a T-shaped work holder 38 having the stem of the T pivotally and removably mounted on said bracket, and a suction cup mounted on each end of the crossarm of the T-shaped work holder 38. Viewed from a third vantage point it is an object of the invention to provide a method for the removal of a vehicle windshield from a vehicle frame wherein said windshield is bonded to said frame by means of a peripheral plastic seal, said method comprising the steps of: installing an adjustable jack acting to supply a force against the internal surface of the windshield; gradually increasing the force applied to the windshield until the first sign of stretching of the seal is noticed; cutting the top seal while in a stretched condition; slowly increasing the force on the window stretching to side seals; freeing the side seals; with top and side seals free continue applying force to the windshield pivoting the windshield around its bottom edge; cutting the bottom seal; and removing the windshield. These and other objects will be made manifest when considering the following detailed specification when taken in conjunction with the appended drawing figures.

Claims: CLAIMS I claim: Claim 1 - A windshield jack for applying pressure on the inside surface of a windshield comprising a base member, first and second cylindrical members, said first cylindrical member telescopically supported with respect to said second cylindrical member for reciprocating motion to extend and retract said cylindrical members with respect to each other, means on an end of said second cylindrical member remote from said first cylindrical member for pivotally mounting said second cylindrical member on said base member, an end of said first cylindrical member remote from said second cylindrical member supporting a bracket, an elongated support member having first and second ends, said first end being pivotally mounted on said bracket, said second end supporting means to frictionally engage said windshield inside surface, and means to extend said cylindrical members. Claim 2 - The windshield jack of claim 1 wherein said means to frictionally engage the windshield inside surface comprises at least one suction cup. Claim 3 - The windshield jack of claim 1 wherein said means on said second cylinder for mounting same on said base member comprises a cylindrical extension insertable in said second cylinder for a predetermined distance and having a section extending outwardly therefrom, an end portion of said outwardly extending extension being flattened and having a hole therethrough. Claim 4 - The windshield jack of claim 3 wherein said base member comprises a central portion with downwardly extending legs and two upwardly extending walls defining a channel therebetween, said walls have a pair of aligned holes, said flattened end of said outwardly extending extension being inserted in said channel so as to align the hole therein with the holes in said walls, and a pin insertable through said holes to effect said pivotable motion of said second cylinder with respect to said base. Claim 5 - The windshield jack of claim 1 wherein said supporting bracket includes two spaced side walls joined by a rear wall, said first end of said elongated support member comprising a stub tube mounted between said side walls and secured thereto by a pivot pin which passes through said side walls and stub tube to secure said stub tube to said bracket while permitting limited pivotal motion. Claim 6 - The windshield jack of claim 5 including means to lock said stub tube in a predetermined pivoted position in said bracket, said means comprising a series of paired holes in said side walls arcuately arranged around the pivot pin as a center, a hole through said stub tube sequentially aligned with said paired holes, and a locking pin insertable through a selected pari of holes in said side walls and through said hole ins aid stub tube to lock said stub tube in a selected position. Claim 7 - The windshield jack of claim 5 wherein said second end of said elongated support member comprises a coupling rod having one end seated in said stub tube in rotatable and removable relationship, the other end of said coupling rod being fixedly secured to a tie rod, a crossarm rod medially secured to said tie rod, a tubular collar slideable on each arm of the crossarm rod, a clamp pivotally secured on the free end of each tubular collar, and wherein said means to frictionally engage said windshield inside surface comprises a suction cup carried by each clamp. Claim 8 - The windshield jack of claim 7 including means to secure said tubular collars on said crossarms in a desired position, said means comprising a set screw mounted on each of said collars and engageable with a respective arm of the crossarm rod. Claim 9 - The windshield jack of claim 7 wherein each suction cup includes a manually operated vacuum pump. Claim 10 - The windshield jack of claim 7 wherein the coupling rod and attached assembly can be removed from the stub tube holder to separately carry an attached windshield. Claim 11 - A windshield jack for removing a windshield from a vehicle frame by applying pressure to a surface of the windshield comprising a base member for positioning on the floor of a vehicle, a telescoping jack comprising at least two telescoping sections, drive means to reciprocate one of the sections with respect to the other, the fixed section being pivotally mounted on said base member so as to angle the jack in the direction of the windshield, a support bracket mounted on the free end of said movable section, a T-shaped work holder having the stem of the T pivotally and removably mounted on said bracket; and a suction cup mounted on each end of the crossarm of the T-shaped work holder. Claim 12 - The windshield jack of claim 1 1 wherein the stem of said T-shaped work holder can be removed from the support bracket to serve as a carrying handle for the attached windshield when separated from the frame. Claim 13 - A method for removal of a vehicle windshield from a vehicle frame wherein said windshield is bonded to said frame by means of a peripheral plastic seal, said method comprising the steps of: installing an adjustable jack acting to supply a force against the internal surface of the windshield; gradually increasing the force applied to the windshield until the first sign of stretching of the seal is noticed; cutting the top seal while in a stretched condition; slowly increasing the force on the window stretching the side seals; freeing the side seals; with top and side seals free continue applying force to the windshield pivoting the windshield around its bottom edge; cutting the bottom seal; and removing the windshield. Claim 14 - The method of claim 13 including providing at least one suction cup for transferring the force of the jack to the internal surface of the windshield. Claim 15 - The method of claim 14 including providing a separable connection between the suction cup and jack to enable the suction cup to serve as a free windshield carrier. Claim 16 - A jack for frictionally engaging a surface of a structure comprising a rigid stand, first and second cylindrical members, said first cylindrical member telescopically supported with respect to said second cylindrical member for reciprocating motion to extend and retract said cylindrical members with respect to each other, means on one end of said second cylindrical member on said rigid stand, an end of said first cylindrical member remote from said second cylindrical member supporting a bracket, an elongated support member having first and second ends, said first end being pivotally mounted on said bracket, said second end supporting means to frictionally engage said surface; and means to extend said cylindrical members. Claim 17 - The jack of claim 16 wherein said rigid support comprises a cylindrical cup shaped holder, a plurality of struts having first and second ends, said first end being connected to said cup shaped holder, said second ends connected to supporting feet; and said means on an end of said second cylindrical member for mounting on said rigid stand comprising a cylindrical end portion insertable in said cup shaped holder. Claim 18 - The jack of claim 17 wherein the means on said second cylinder for mounting same in said cup holder comprises a cylindrical extension insertable in said second cylinder for a predetermined distance. 10 Claim 19 - The jack of claim 16 wherein said means to frictionally engage said surface comprises at least one suction cup. Claim 20 - The jack of claim 19 wherein each suction cup includes a manually operated vacuum pump.

Inventors: CLAYCOMB KEVIN, CLAYCOMB SANDRA, CLAYCOMB, KEVIN, CLAYCOMB, SANDRA
Applicants: CLAYCOMB KEVIN, CLAYCOMB SANDRA, CLAYCOMB, KEVIN, CLAYCOMB, SANDRA
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B23P19
IPC codes: B23P19, B25B11, B60J1, B60S5, B66F3, B66F13