A metal/elastomeric bumper for air springs

Abstract: An air spring (1) has a pair of spaced end members (2,3) for mounting the spring at spaced locations on a structure. A flexible sleeve (10) of elastomeric material is sealingly engaged with the end members and forms a pressurized fluid chamber therebetween. A post (14) is mounted on one of the end members and extends into the fluid chamber. A shock absorbing two-piece bumper (20) includes a rigid metal base (22) which is formed as an inverted cup-shaped member with a cylindrical sidewall. The base is secured to one of the end members with the post extending into an open end of the base member. An elastomeric member (23) is snap-fitted into a hole (27) formed in an end closure wall (25) of the base member and engages the opposite end member upon the air spring failing or experiencing a large deflection. In an alternate embodiment, a plurality of flexible fingers (45) are formed from the cylindrical sidewall of the base and are snap-fit to the post to mount the base member on the post and on the one end member of the air spring.

Description: The invention relates to an air spring according to the preamble of claim 1. Such an air spring is known from the teachings of DE 1 285 792. Pneumatic springs, commonly referred to as air springs, have been used for motor vehicles and various machines and other equipment for a number of years to provide cushioning between movable parts, primarily to absorb shock loads imparted thereon. The air spring usually consists of a flexible rubber sleeve which extends between a pair of end members and which contains a supply of compressed air. One of the end members usually is a piston located at the end of the flexible sleeve. The end members mount the air spring on spaced components or parts of the vehicle or equipment on which the air spring is mounted. The internal pressurized fluid which is generally air, absorbs most of the shock impressed upon or experienced by one of the spaced end members on which the air spring is mounted, with the end members moving axially towards and away from each other upon absorbing the imparted shock. Examples of such air springs are shown in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,852,861 and 4,946,144. Certain of these prior art air springs have internal bumpers mounted on one of the end members which extends into the interior of the pressurized chamber. The bumper prevents total collapse or deflection of the spring member in the event of air spring failure or when not inflated, or to absorb shock upon the spring experiencing severe shocks and deflections. Heretofore, these bumpers consisted of a single elastomeric or rubber member which was mounted on a stud extending outwardly from one of the end members such as shown in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,506,910 and 4,787,606. Although these single member elastomeric bumpers are satisfactory for most applications, it is desirable for certain applications that the bumper has a higher load carrying capacity with less deflection than that provided by the integral one-piece bumpers such as shown in the above referenced U.S. Patents. Examples of other prior art showing shock absorbing components are set forth in the following patents. U.S. Patent No. 4,478,396 discloses an elastomeric bumper which is mounted on the top of a vehicle strut. U.S. Patent No. 3,658,314 discloses a fluid shock absorber having an elastomeric member mounted between two concentrically movable tubes with an elastomeric bumper mounted beneath the inner tube to absorb impact from the tube. U.S. Patent No. 4,342,264 shows another type of air spring using an elastomeric bumper mounted on one of the end members. U.S. Patent No. 4,218,599 discloses a polymer spring for use in a drawer of a cabinet to ensure that when the drawer is closed it does not rebound to a partially opened position. U.S. Patent No. 5,201,500 shows an air spring bumper consisting of one or more plastic members mounted in a stacked array on a mounting post within the pressure chamber. However, the need exists for an improved type of air spring bumper which eliminates the heretofore used integral one-piece elastomeric bumper and replaces the same with a bumper construction which has a higher load carrying capacity with less deflection than prior one-piece elastomeric bumpers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An objective of the invention includes providing an improved air spring construction for motor vehicles and other types of equipment having spaced movable end members and a two-piece bumper mounted within a pressurized chamber formed within an elastomeric sleeve which extends between the end members, for absorbing excessive shock imparted on the end members, and which has a greater load carrying capacity with lower deflection than the heretofore known bumper constructions. A further objective of the invention is to provide such an improved air spring in which the shock absorbing bumper is comprised of a rigid base member formed of metal and an elastomeric or rubber member mounted on top of the rigid base for contact with the opposite end member to absorb sudden large deflections and to act as a backup device in case of air spring failure or when the air spring is not inflated. Still another objective of the invention is to provide such an improved air spring in which the elastomeric member is on top of the rigid base which is attached to one of the end members, and in which the air spring can absorb greater loads and forces than the heretofore used one-piece elastomeric bumpers. A still further objective of the invention is to provide such an improved air spring in which the metal base is welded to a clamp plate mounted on one of the end members and wherein said one end member usually is a piston. These objectives and advantages are obtained by the air spring as characterized in claim 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Preferred embodiments of the invention, illustrative of the best modes in which applicants have contemplated applying the principles, are set forth in the following description and are shown in the drawings and are particularly and distinctly pointed out and set forth in the appended claims. FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an air spring according to the invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged elevational view of FIG. 1 with portions broken away and in section; FIG. 3 is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the bumper of FIG. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The improved air spring of the invention is indicated generally at 1, and is shown in an unmounted, at-rest position in FIG. 1. Air spring 1 includes an upper end cap and an opposed axially spaced piston member, indicated generally at 2 and 3, respectively (FIG. 2). Piston 3 is of a usual construction, preferably having an inverted generally bowl-shaped configuration formed of a suitable material such as aluminum, steel, high strength plastic or the like. Piston 3 includes a base 4 and an annular wall 5 extending downwardly from the base, terminating in a peripheral edge 6. A central supporting structure 7 is joined with and extends downwardly from base 4. One end of a flexible sleeve which is indicated generally at 10, terminates in a lower bead 11 which is clamped on base 4 of piston 3 by a clamping plate 12 in an air tight sealing relationship with piston 3. The other end of sleeve 10 has an end bead (not shown) which is secured in a curled marginal edge of mounting end cap 2 in an air tight sealing relationship therewith, providing a fluid tight chamber 15 within elastomeric sleeve 10. Other types of end sealing arrangements may be utilized without affecting the concept of the invention, such as shown in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,852,861, 4,787,606 and 4,946,144. A source of pressurized air or other fluid, communicates with chamber 15 through an air inlet in a mounting stud 18 extending outwardly from end plate 2. One or more additional mounting studs 19 are mounted on end cap 2 and extend upwardly therefrom for mounting air spring 1 on a vehicle, machine tool or other application in which it is to be used. A usual bumper mounting stud or post 14 is brazed or welded on plate 12 and extends upwardly into pressure chamber 15. Post 14 preferably has a bulbous head formed with an undercut 16. A fastener 17 clamps piston 3 to plate 12. The particular air spring construction described above and shown in the drawings and particularly in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, is of a usual known construction and may vary without affecting the concept of the invention. In accordance with the invention, an improved two-piece bumper indicated generally at 20 (FIG. 3), is mounted on base 4 of piston 3 and extends upwardly therefrom into chamber 15. Bumper 20 is adapted to engage end cap 2 in the event of a failure of the pressurized fluid within air chamber 15, or assists in absorbing excessive shock forces exerted on either of the end members. Bumper 20 includes a rigid base member indicated generally at 22, and a rubber or elastomeric member indicated generally at 23. A first embodiment of base 22 is shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, and preferably is a substantially inverted cup-shaped one-piece member formed of a metal such as steel, having a cylindrical wall 24 and an integral end wall 25. A centrally located hole 27 is formed in end wall 25 for mounting elastomeric member 23 thereon as described below. The opposite open end of cylindrical wall 24 has an outturned annular peripheral edge 28 which seats upon clamp plate 12 and is secured thereto by various fastening means such as welds 30, snap-fit, threads, or other attaching means. Elastomeric member 23 is a generally disc-shaped member having a stem 32 extending from a bottom surface 33 thereof and is formed with an annular undercut 34 adjacent surface 33. The peripheral edge which defines hole 27 is received in undercut 34 to provide for a snap-fit engagement between member 23 and wall 25 for mounting elastomeric member 23 on base end wall 25 as shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3. Accordingly, the improved two-piece elastomeric/metal bumper is simplified, provides an effective, safe, inexpensive, and efficient device which achieves all the enumerated objectives, provides for eliminating difficulties encountered with prior devices, and solves problems and obtains new results in the art. In the foregoing description, certain terms have been used for brevity, clearness and understanding; but no unnecessary limitations are to be implied therefrom beyond the requirement of the prior art, because such terms are used for descriptive purpose and are intended to be broadly construed. Moreover, the description and illustration of the invention is by way of example, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the exact details shown or described. Having now described the features and discoveries of the invention, the manner in which the improved air spring bumper is constructed and used, the characteristics of the construction, and the advantageous, new and useful results obtained, the new and useful structures, devices, elements, arrangements, parts and combinations, are set forth in the appended claims.

Claims: An air spring (1 ) includes a pair of spaced end members (2,3) for mounting at spaced locations on a structure wherein one of the end members is a piston (3) and the other member is an end cap (2); a flexible sleeve (10) formed of an elastomeric material is sealingly engaged with the end members and forms a pressurized fluid chamber (15) therebetween; a shock absorbing bumper (20) is mounted on the piston and includes a base member (22) which extends into the fluid chamber and which has first and second ends, an elastomeric member (23) is mounted on the second end of the base member for contacting the end cap for absorbing large deflections of the air spring; characterized in that a clamp plate (12) sealingly clamps one end of the flexible sleeve to the piston; and that the base member is a single one-pieca rigid metal member having a cylindrical sidewall (24) and an end wall (25) directed to the end cap (2) and formed integral with said sidewall, wherein the first end of said base member is welded (30) to the clamp plate. An air spring according to Claim 1 in which the elastomeric member includes a stem 32 which is snap-fitted into a hole 27 formed in the end wall to mount said elastomeric member on said base member. The air spring according to Claim 2 characterized in that the elastomeric member has a disk-shaped body which is generally complementary in size to the end wall of the base member and is seated thereon.

Inventors: GRASS DAVID E, HILBURGER MARK D, LEONARD DANIEL J, TAGHIZADCH MOHAMAD, WHITAKER MICHAEL K, GRASS, DAVID E., HILBURGER, MARK D., LEONARD, DANIEL J., TAGHIZADCH, MOHAMAD, WHITAKER, MICHAEL K.
Applicants: BFS DIVERSIFIED PRODUCTS LLC, BFS DIVERSIFIED PRODUCTS, LLC
Application year: 1999
Main classification: F16F9
IPC codes: F16F9, F16F3, B60G11, B60G7