UNIT FOR PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL RUBBER AND PLASTIC WASTE

Abstract: The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste consists of a gasproof chamber (1), in which upper rollers (2) and lower rollers (3) are located in rows. The processed waste (4) passes between them, between the input and the output of the chamber (1). The lower rollers (3) are fixed in their position and the upper rollers are movable and attached by means of springs (5), which press them on the waste (4). The rollers (2 and 3) counter-rotate and the upper rollers (2) have projections (8) on their surface. The input area (10) with the input lifting closure (12) is placed on one front outer wall of the chamber (1) and the output area (14) with the output lifting closure (16) is placed on the opposite front outer wall of the chamber (1). Each area (10 and 14) is provided with a gas pipe (13) and is separated from the chamber (1) by an inner lifting closure (11). The discharge chute (18) with the lifting closure (20) provided with a gas pipe (13) is located on the outer bottom wall of the chamber (1) and is separated from the chamber (1) by the inner lifting closure (11). In the alternative type the unit consists of at least two joined unit-built chambers (1), the input area (10) with the input lifting closure (12) is located on one front outer wall of the unit. The output area (14) with the output lifting closure (16) is located on the opposite front outer wall of the unit.

Description: Unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste FieJLd of technology The invention concerns a unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste in a physico-chemical way. Present sta e of technology The current machines for processing rubber and plastic waste are either mechanical only or they process waste in a physico-chemical way by means of gases or under extreme physical conditions, e.g. under high or extra low temperatures. The disadvantage of all these systems known so far is a considerable energy consumption of both the mechanical way and the preparation of physico-technical conditions under which the waste is processed. These systems often pollute the environment and there is often a problem to separate the single parts of various materials after the waste is processed. Ecological operation of those systems is also questionable due to initial investments and operational costs. characteristic of he invention The invention of the unit for industrial rubber and plastic waste using the physico-chemical way eliminates the above mentioned disadvantages. The unit consists of a gasproof chamber, in which two rows of rollers are located: the upper and lower ones. The processed waste passes between them, from the input to the output openings of the chamber. The lower rollers are firmly fixed whereas the upper ones are movable and are attached by means of springs which press them on the passing waste. Both the rows of rollers counter-rotate. In the alternative type the upper rollers have projections on the surface and there is an input area on the outer front wall of the chamber with a lifting closure, on the opposite outer wall there is an output area with the output lifting closure. Both those areas are provided with gas pipes and are separated from the chamber by lifting closures. On the outer bottom wall of the chamber there is a discharge chute with the outer lifting closure and a gas pipe. The chute is separated from the chamber by a lifting closure. The avantageous type consists of at least two joined unit-built chambers. The input area with the input lifting closure is on one front outer wall of the unit and the output area with the output lifting closure is on the opposite front outer wall of the unit. In another alternative type there is a worm conveyer on the bottom wall inside the unit. The dicharge chute is located under the outer front wall of the last chamber. The roller bearings, which are outside the chambers, have flat packings pressed by a spring to the chamber wall at the spot where the shafts enter the chamber wall. The upper and lower rollers are driven by joint shafts, whose bearings, located outside the chambers, can be moved on a frame and are provided with sprockets. The chain runs from them to the driving sprocket of the unit engine and the gearbox. Each upper roller and each lower roller can be driven by the driving engine, which operates independently, and is electronically controlled. The openning and closing times of all the closures can be electronically controlled in an interactive specified sequence. In the next alternative type the upper and lower rollers are driven by joint shafts whose bearings are located on a frame outside the chambers and whose other ends are provided with toothed wheels mating with idlers and a drive toothed wheel. The unit uses the erosive effect of gas simultanously with the mechanical processing of waste. The main working parts of the unit are two rows of rollers which move forward and simultanously deform the processed waste. The process takes place in a closed gasproof chamber continuously, i.e. without any stop or breaks of the working cycles and under constant presence of gas as a working medium. The input and output areas, from which it is possible to exhaust gas in intervals given by the progress of the process, enable non-stop operation. After gas exhaustion it is possible to fill the input or output area with atmospheric air and thus enable either uninterrupted ecological supply of waste or product offtake after processing. All drive mechanisms of the unit are placed outside the chamber where they are not exposed to the erosive effect of gas and at the same time it is possible to adjust the rollers and their working movement independantly. The design enables the unit-built chambers to join each other in a line and thus create a continuous production line of a chosen length according to the physico-chemical conditions of the process, i.e. according to the disintegration time of the processed waste. L s o the figures jn, he drawings The invention je explained in more detail by means of drawings. Fig. 1 is the basic type of the unit with one chamber. Fig. la is the detail of the upper roller attachment to the balance beam. Fig. 2 shows the joining of two unit-built chambers. Fig. 3 illustrates the driving mechanism of the unit with the chains and Fig. 4 the driving mechanism of the unit with the toothed wheels. Exam les of the invention types Example 1 The basic part of the unit is gasproof chamber 1 having a rectangular cross section, which is filled with the working medium, and in which a row of upper rollers 2 is located above the row of lower rollers 3. Processed waste 4 passes between them, which is shown in Fig.l. Lower rollers 3, which can rotate only, have shafts firmly fixed against chamber 1. Upper rollers 2 are movable against chamber 1 vertically and are pressed on waste 4 by springs 5 either directly or are attached to balance beam 6 and are pressed by springs 5, which is shown in Fig. la. Upper rollers 2 have projections 8 on their surface. Chamber 1 is firmly anchored on basic frame 9. Input area 10 is located on one outer front wall of chamber 1, which is separated from the chamber 1 area by inner lifting closure 11 and from the ambient atmosphere by input lifting closure 12. Output area 14 with output lifting closure 16 is located on the output front wall of chamber 1. It is also separated from chamber 1 by inner lifting closure 11. Both areas 10 and 14 are provided with gaεpipe 13. Chamber 1 has discharge chute 18 with outer lifting closure 20 on the outer bottom wall. It is separated from chamber 1 by inner lifting closure 11 and is also provided with gaspipe 13. The interactive sequence and openning times of closures 11, 12, 16 and 20 as well as gas exhaustion from areas 10 and 14 and chute 18 are electronically controlled. Example 2 If unit-built chambers are joined in a production line, in this case two chambers 1, input area 10 is located on the outer front wall of the first chamber 1 in line and output area 14 is located on the opposite outer front wall of the last chamber 1, in this case the second chamber. This is shown in Fig. 2. Worm conveyer 22, which is driven by engine and gearbox 23, is located in the lower part of chamber 1 along its whole length. The conveyer empties itself into chute 18, which is separated from chamber 1 by inner lifting closure 11 and from the ambient atmosphere by outer lifting closure 20. Gas can be exhausted from chute 18 through gaεpipe 13. Upper rollers 2 and lower rollers 3 are embedded in bearings 15, which is shown in Fig.3. Bearings 15 are located outside the inner area of chamber 1 in the free atmoshere. Bearings 15 of lower rollers 3 are firmly embedded in frame 9, on which the production line or the unit is placed. Bearings 15 of upper rollers 2 are located, with regards to chamber 1, on a movable structure controlled by springs 5, which is shown in Fig. l. The opennings in the wall of chamber 1 for the shafts of rollers 2 and 3 are sealed by flat packings 30 pressed on the wall of chamber 1 by springs 27 to prevent gas leakage from chamber 1 into the atmosphere. Rollers 2 and 3 are driven by joint shafts 7, their opposite ends are embedded in bearings 15, fixed in an adjustable way on frame 9. Sprockets 17 are placed at the shaft ends and the whole unit is driven by chains 19 from the engine with gearbox 23. The unit works in the following way: rollers 2 and 3 counter-rotate and shift the processed material in the right direction. The projections on the surface of upper rollers 2 deform waste 4 during rotation . After openning or closing lifting closures 11, 12 and 16 input area 10 and output area 14 can be filled either with gas working medium or atmospheric air and at the same time chamber 1 is continuously filled with gas working medium. The loose reusable product of the process passes through dicharge chute 18, the rests of the waste having a different homogenic consistence from the reuseable waste leave the unit through output area 14. The gearing and rotation direction of chain system 19 can be arbitrarily chosen or it can be replaced by a gear system with toothed wheels 24, 25, and 26. Industrial utilization The unit according to the invention can be quickly and easily used in all branches of industry where industrial waste of rubber and plastic materials is processed for recycling. List of the components and their numbers - chamber - upper roller - lower roller - waste - spring - balance beam - joint shaft - projection - frame - input area - inner lifting closure - input lifting closure - gas pipe - output area - bearing - output lifting closure - sprocket - discharge chute - chain - outer lifting closure - driving sprocket - worm conveyer - engine and gearbox - toothed wheel - idler - driving toothed wheel - spring - driving engine - flat packing

Claims: Patent claims 1. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste in a physico-chemical way characterized by that it consists of a gasproof chamber (1), in which two rows of rollers are located, t h e upper rollers (2) and the lower rollers (3) and the processed waste (4) passes between them, from the input to the output opennings of the chamber (1) and the lower rollers (3) are firmly fixed in their positions whereas the upper rollers (2) can be moved and are attached by means of springs (5), which press them on the waste (4) while the rollers (2 and 3) counter-rotate. 2. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claim 1, characterized by that the upper rollers (2) have projections (8) on the surface. 3. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by that the input area (10) on one front outer wall of the chamber (1) with the input lifting closure (12) and the output area (14) with the output lifting closure (16) on the opposite front outer wall of the chamber (1), both the areas (10 and 14) are provided with a gas pipe (13) and are separated from the chamber (1) by the inner lifting closure (11). 4. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 3 , characterized by that the discharge chute (18) with the outer lifting closure (20) provided with a gas pipe (13) is located on the outer bottom wall of the chamber (1), which is separated by the inner lifting closure (11). 5. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 4 , characterized by that it has at least two joined unit-built chambers (1), the input area (10) with the input lifting closure (12) is located on one front outer wall of the unit and the output area (14) with the output lifting closure (1G) on the opposite front outer wall of the unit. 6. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the worm conveyer (22) is located on the bottom wall inside the unit and the discharge chute (18) is located under the outer front wall of the last chamber (1). 7. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the bearings of the rollers (2 and 3) are located outside the chambers (1) and the shafts are sealed by flat packings (30) at the spot where the shafts enter the wall of the chamber (1) and pressed by a spring (27). 8. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the rollers (2 and 3) are driven by joint shafts (7), whose bearings (15) can be shifted on the frame (9) outside the chambers (1) and whose other ends are provided with sprockets (17) on which the chain (19) runs to the driving sprocket (21) of the driving engine (23). 9. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 8, characterized by that each upper roller (2) and each lower roller (3) has a driving engine (29) electronically controlled and working independently. 10. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 9, characterized by that the times of openning and closing of the closures (11, 12, 16 and 20) are electronically controlled in an interactive specified sequence. 11. The unit for processing industrial rubber and plastic waste, according to claims 1 to 10, characterized by that the rollers (2 and 3) are driven by joint shafts (7), whose bearings (15) are located on the frame (9) outside the chambers (1) and whose other ends are provided with toothed wheels (24) mating with idlers (25) and with driving toothed wheels (26) and forming a gear set with them driven by a driving engine (29).

Inventors: GUTFREUD EDUARD, JENICEK JAN, LUKESCH PETR, REJC OTA, RIHA JIRI, SUS JAROSLAV, &RCARON, &SCARON, GUTFREUD, EDUARD, JENI&CCARON, LUKESCH, PETR, REJ&CCARON
Applicants: GUTFREUD EDUARD, JENICEK JAN, LUKESCH PETR, REJC OTA, RIHA JIRI, SUS JAROSLAV, &RCARON, &SCARON, GUTFREUD, EDUARD, JENI&CCARON, LUKESCH, PETR, REJ&CCARON
Application year: 1999
Main classification: B29B17
IPC codes: B02C4, B02C15, B09B3, B29B17, C08J11