Plate and facing assembly

Abstract: A plate and facing assembly (10), including a plate (12) and a facing (14) mounted on the plate. The facing (14) defines a substantially circular outer groove (20) and a substantially circular inner groove (22) spaced from the outer groove. The facing (14) defines a waved groove (24) between the outer and inner grooves (20, 22). The outer, inner and waved grooves (20, 22, 24) are interconnected by a plurality of flow grooves (28, 30, 32) defined by the facing (14). The grooves (20, 22, 24) interact to channel the flow of fluid.

Description: The present invention relates generally to a plate and facing assembly. More specifically, the invention is directed to a clutch plate and friction material facing assembly in which the friction material facing defines a plurality of grooves for fluid flow. Plate and facing assemblies are known in the art. These types of assemblies usually include facings that define spaced concentric circular grooves. The grooves provide channels for the flow of, for example, automatic transmission fluid (ATF). It has been found that these prior art assemblies wear quickly and often produce shudder during use. One such plate and facing assembly is disclosed in EP 0447019 which has a groove pattern including one or more continuous annular grooves which divide the friction area into two or more annular bands and a plurality of cross grooves in each band which are angled with respect to a radius of the facing US-A-5566802 discloses another friction clutch which has circuitous groove patterns formed by a groove having smoothly curved wave form that transverses back and forth across essentially the entire width of friction facing There is, then a need for a plate and facing assembly that is durable and shudder resistant, which need is satisfied by the present invention which provides a plate and facing assembly, comprising: a plate; and a facing mounted on said plate, said facing defining a substantially circular outer groove, a substantially circular inner groove spaced from said outer groove, and an intermediate groove between said outer and inner grooves, said outer, inner and intermediate grooves being interconnected by a plurality of flow grooves defined by said facing; characterized in that said intermediate groove is a waved groove. In order that the invention may be well understood, there will now be described some embodiments thereof given by way of example, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a front view of a plate and facing assembly according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the facing according to the present invention; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a second embodiment plate and facing assembly according to the present invention; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken through the center of a facing according to the present invention; Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the facing as shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a third embodiment plate and facing assembly according to the present invention; and Fig. 9 is a plate and facing assembly which does not form part of the present invention. A plate and facing assembly of the present invention is indicated generally in the drawings by the reference number "10". The assembly 10 includes a plate 12 and a facing 14. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the plate 12 is an annular or circular metal core plate having at least one circumferential mounting surface 16. The plate 12 can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, the plate 12 can be an Electronically Controlled Converter Clutch (ECCC). The plate 12 can also be a "single face" or a "multi-face" slipping clutch, such as ones used in Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) starting devices such as torque converters, fluid couplings and wet starting clutches. As shown in Fig. 1, the plate 12 includes a center 18. Referring to Figs. 1-4, the facing 14 is at least one substantially annular or circular friction material facing mounted on the mounting surface 16 of the plate 12. The facing 14 is comprised of a fibrous material. The fibers are, for example, tough aramid fibers that are very durable. The facing 14 can be segmented or continuous depending on the application. The facing 14 is fixedly attached to the plate 12 in a conventional manner. Referring to Figs 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7, the facing 14 defines a substantially circular outer groove 20 and a substantially circular inner groove 22 spaced from the outer groove. As shown in Fig. 1, the circular outer and inner grooves 20 and 22 are concentric with their centers coinciding with the center 18 of the plate 12. Still referring to Figs. 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7, the facing 14 defines a waved groove 24 positioned between the outer and inner grooves 20 and 22. The waved groove 24 is comprised of a plurality of curved segments generally indicated by the reference number "26". In the present embodiment, there are thirty-two curved segments 26. As shown in Fig. 1, the curved segments 26 undulate to form a wave pattern. Referring to Figs. 1 and 3, the outer, inner and waved grooves 20, 22 and 24 are interconnected by a plurality of flow grooves defined by the facing 14 such as a plurality of inlet grooves 28, a plurality of interconnecting radial grooves 30 and a plurality of outlet grooves 32. The inlet grooves 28 are in communication with the inner groove 22 and the plate 12. The interconnecting radial grooves 30 are in communication with the outer, inner and waved grooves 20, 22 and 24. The outlet grooves 32 are in communication with the outer groove 20 and the plate 12. The number, position and spacing of the inlet, interconnecting radial and outlet grooves 28, 30 and 32 can be varied depending on the application of the assembly 10. In the present embodiment, there are two inlet grooves 28, ten interconnecting radial grooves 30 and eight outlet grooves 32. Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, each of the outer, inner and waved grooves 20, 22 and 24 has a predetermined width X and a predetermined depth Y. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined width X is in the range from about 1.250 mm (0.050 inch) to about 1.750 mm (0.070 inch) and the predetermined depth Y is in the range from about 0.375 mm (0.015 inch) to about 0.500 mm (0.020 inch) It should be understood that both the predetermined width X and the predetermined depth Y can be varied depending on the application of the assembly 10. The predetermined width X and the predetermined depth Y can be varied to accommodate specific application requirements such as the rate of fluid flow and the rate of heat transfer. In has been found that the grooves 20, 22, 24, 28, 30 and 32 interact to channel fluid flow across the friction material facing 14 in order to optimize lubrication and dissipate heat during use of the assembly 10. The waved groove 24 optimizes fluid flow across the facing 14 to allow lubrication of the entire facing to provide adequate cooling of the assembly 10. This allows for a plate and facing assembly that is durable and shudder resistant. Referring to Fig. 5, a second embodiment assembly 10 is shown. In this embodiment, the plate 12 includes a plurality of teeth 34. A third embodiment assembly 10 is shown in Fig. 8. In this embodiment, the facing 14 defines a waved groove 24 that is comprised of sixty-four curved segments 26. As shown in Fig. 8, the curved segments 26 undulate to form a wave pattern. Referring to Fig. 9, an assembly 10 is shown which does not form part of the present invention. In this embodiment, the facing 14 defines a plurality of spaced waved grooves 24. In the preferred embodiment, the facing 14 defines sixteen waved grooves 24. Each of the waved grooves 24 is comprised of a plurality of curved segments 26. In the present embodiment, each waved groove 24 is comprised of three curved segments 26. The curved segments 26 undulate to form a wave pattern. Each of the waved grooves 24 includes an inlet groove 28 and an outlet groove 32. Each of the waved grooves 24 has a predetermined width X and a predetermined depth Y as defined above for the first embodiment assembly.

Claims: A plate and facing assembly (10), comprising: a plate (12); and a facing (14) mounted on said plate (12), said facing (14) defining a substantially circular outer groove (20), a substantially circular inner groove (22) spaced from said outer groove, and an intermediate groove (24) between said outer and inner grooves (20, 22), said outer, inner and intermediate grooves (20, 22, 24) being interconnected by a plurality of flow grooves (28, 30, 32) defined by said facing (14); characterized in that said intermediate groove is a waved groove. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outer and inner grooves (20, 22) are concentric. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said plurality of flow grooves (28, 30, 32) includes a plurality of inlet grooves (28) in communication with said inner grooves and said plate (12), a plurality of interconnecting radial grooves (30) in communication with said outer, inner and waved grooves (20, 22, 24), and a plurality of outlet grooves (32) in communication with said outer groove (20) and said plate (12). An assembly as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein each of said outer, inner and waved grooves (20, 22, 24) has a predetermined width (X) and a predetermined depth (Y). An assembly as claimed in claim 4, wherein said predetermined width (X) is in a range from about 1.250 mm (0.050 inch) to about 1.750 mm (0.070 inch) and said predetermined depth (Y) is in a range from about 0.375 mm (0.015 inch) to about 0.500 mm (0.020 inch). An assembly as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said facing (14) is an annular friction facing.

Inventors: AFANEH ABDUL-HAFIZ, CHEN YIH-FANG, PAVANGAT NIRMAL, YUERGENS KENNETH, AFANEH, ABDUL-HAFIZ, CHEN, YIH-FANG, PAVANGAT, NIRMAL, YUERGENS, KENNETH
Applicants: BORG WARNER INC, BORGWARNER INC.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: F16H45
IPC codes: F16D13, F16H45, F16D69