SPRING ELEMENT FOR A CONNECTOR AND CONNECTOR WITH A SPRING ELEMENT

Abstract: A connector is specified for making contact between two circuit boards arranged perpendicular to each other. The first circuit board (1) has a contact-making area (3) and at least one anchoring part (4, 5). The connector has a housing (8) having a receiving part (24) for receiving and fixing the anchoring part (4, 5). A contact block (9) is provided for accommodating contacts and for making contact with the contact-making area (3). The contact block (9) is arranged displaceably in the housing (8) and acted on with a spring force of a spring element (14), which is supported in the housing (8). The spring element (14) has at least two toggle levers (17), which are connected to each other at the toggle joint (16) by a spiral spring (15) and operate in opposite directions in such a way that when the spring (15) is expanded the contact block (9) moves towards the contact-making area (3).

Description: SPRING ELEMENT FOR A CONNECTOR AND CONNECTOR WITH A SPRING ELEMENT The invention relates to a spring element for a connector for providing the contact force for making contact. Furthermore, the invention relates to a connector for making contact with a complementary component, which has a contact-making area and at least one anchoring part, having a housing, which has a receiving part for receiving and fixing the anchoring part, and having a contact block for receiving contacts and for making contact with the contact-making areas, the contact block being arranged displaceably in the housing and being acted on with a spring force of a spring element, which is supported in the housing and supplies the contact force for making contact. In many connectors, which for example have a contact block that is freely displaceable in the housing, it is necessary that this contact block is acted on with a spring force, in order to provide the contact force for making contact. Such ideas can be used for both electrical and for optical connectors or combined electrical and optical connectors. Connectors having displaceable components are particularly advantageous when two components are to be connected to each other, such as for example in the case of circuit boards to circuit board contacting means. In the case of such contacting means, it is important that the connector compensates for any play in the spacing of the circuit boards in relation to each other. In addition, when using an electrical connector having a large number of contacts, it is particularly important that the contact force for making contact is distributed uniformly over the entire length of the plug and hence to all the contacts . It is the object of the invention to specify a spring element with which a contact force can be provided which ensures a uniform force distribution, even over a relatively great length of a connector. In addition, it is the object of the invention to specify a connector for making contact with a complementary component which has appropriate spring elements. With respect to the spring element, the object is achieved by a spring element having the features of Patent Claim 1, and with respect to the connector, with connectors having the features of Patent Claim 6 or 10. Advantageous developments are in each case specified in the subclaims . The spring element can be used both in electrical and in optical connectors. This also applies to the connector per se. In the case of use as electrical connector, a contact block has appropriate electric contacts. The connection between the first and second contact block is produced by means of electric conductors in the form of film conductors or coax conductors. A different construction of the contact block is necessary for an optical connector. This contact block then has appropriate optical "contacts", that is to say, for example, optical fibre ends for direct coupling to a contact-making area with ends of optical conductors. The connection between the contact blocks is produced by means of optical conductors, for example of an optical fibre ribbon cable. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are now to be explained using the figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a connector between two circuit boards in an exploded illustration; Figure 2 shows a corresponding connector in a three- dimensional view before contact is made; Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the plug-in face side of the connector; Figure 4 shows a top view of the connector before contact is made; Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional illustration corresponding to Figure 4; Figure 6 shows a first step when connecting the two circuit boards; Figure 7 shows a corresponding three-dimensional view; Figure 8 shows a second step when connecting the two circuit boards; Figure 9 shows a corresponding three-dimensional view; Figure 10 shows the last step before contact is finally made; Figure 11 shows a corresponding three-dimensional view; Figure 12 shows a top view of the connector in a stage in which the contact force is being built up; Figure 13 shows a corresponding perspective view; Figure 14 shows a top view of the connector with the contact made; Figure 15 shows a corresponding perspective view; Figure 16 shows a top view of the electrical connector during the first step for releasing the contact; Figure 17 shows a corresponding perspective view; Figure 18 shows a top view of the connector during the second step for opening the connection; Figure 19 shows a corresponding perspective view; Figure 20 shows a cross-section through a possible contact block, which is built up from an incompatible fluid with an appropriate spring element, in the unloaded state; Figure 21 shows the contact block in the compressed state; Figure 22 shows a longitudinal cross-section through the corresponding contact block and the spring element; and Figure 23 shows a detailed partial view from Figure 22. Figure 1 shows the electrical connector in an exploded illustration. It is possible to see the two circuit boards 1 and 2 that are to be connected to each other, the first circuit board 1, which represents the complementary component, having a contact-making area 3 and two anchoring parts 4, 5, which project vertically in the form of pins out of the circuit board 1. The second circuit board 2 has a surface 6. On this surface there is a base plate 7, on which the actual connector is mounted. The connector has a housing 8, in which a contact block 9 is arranged. A further contact block 10 is provided. While the contact block 9 produces the contact with the contact-making area 3 of the first circuit board 1, the contact block 10 produces the contact with the electric conductors of the circuit board 2. The connection between the two contact blocks 9 and 10 is produced by an arrangement of electric conductors 11. The contact block 9 is mounted on a slide 12, which is in turn arranged in the housing 8 such that it is freely displaceable in the plug-in direction over a small distance. A dovetail 13 is provided for guidance. A spring element 14 is provided between the slide 12 and the housing 8. The spring element 14 provides the contact force for making contact. It is supported on one side against the housing 8 and acts on the slide 12. The actual spring force is provided by a spring, here a spiral spring 15, whose spring force is oriented perpendicular to the plug-in direction. In addition, the spring element 14 has two toggle levers 17, which are connected to each other in the toggle joint 16, on each side of the spiral spring 15. The toggle levers, which are arranged on opposite sides of the spiral spring 15, operate in the opposite direction. The free ends of the toggle levers 18, 19 are each articulated to a plate 20, 21. The plate 20, on the plug-in face side, acts on the slide 12, whereas the plate 21 is supported in the housing 8. Provided between the slide 12 and the housing 8 is a latching structure, which comprises appropriate latching arms 22 on the slide 12 and catches 23, 28. The way in which this latching structure acts will be explained using the following figures. For the purpose of better clarity, only a single conductor of the arrangement of electric conductors 11 is illustrated in Figure 1. As can be seen, for example from Figures 2 and 3, the arrangement of electric conductors 11 has a relatively large number of electric conductors which are arranged parallel to one another, for example in the form of a ribbon cable. They extend from the contact block 9 for making contact with the first circuit board 1 as far as the contact block 10 for making contact on the circuit board 2. It is particularly advantageous here to use coaxial conductors. Instead of individual pieces of extruded coaxial conductors, which then in turn have to be stripped at their ends, it also transpires to be particularly advantageous to produce a ribbon structure which is produced not by extruding the individual conductors but by extrusion-coating an appropriate ribbon of an appropriate shape and length. This also makes stripping the ends of the corresponding structure unnecessary. The use of film conductors is also particularly advantageous. In the description of the following figures identical reference symbols are used for identical parts. Figure 2 gives a fundamental impression of the construction of the overall structure. The receiving parts 24 for receiving and fixing the anchoring parts 4, 5 are clearly to be seen in Figure 3. In addition, the electric contacts 25 in the contact block 9 can clearly be seen. In Figures 4 and 5, the electrical connector is shown in a top view and, respectively, in a corresponding perspective illustration. Here, once more only a single cable of the arrangement of electric conductors 11 is illustrated, in order to obtain appropriately high clarity. The spring of the spring element 14 is in the tensioned state. In this position, the slide 12 is latched to the contact block 9 in the housing 8. The latching takes place as a result of the fact that the latching arm 22 is latched by the catch 23 that is further removed from the plug-in face. This latching prevents the spring element from expanding already in this state. The housing 8 can move in the plug-in direction over the base plate 7, on which it is guided by means of a dovetail arrangement 26. The latter can also be particularly clearly seen in Figure 1. If the two circuit boards 1 and 2 are now moved towards each other, the anchoring parts 5 are introduced into the corresponding receiving parts of the housing 8. The bevel 27 at the free end of the anchoring parts will move the first catch 28 in the housing, on the plug-in face side, to the side. This is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7. As can be seen from Figures 8 and 9, the anchoring parts 4, 5 are pushed into the receiving parts 24 by the further movement of the circuit boards 1 and 2 towards each other. The anchoring parts 4, 5 have tapered regions 29, as can already be seen, for example, from Figure 1. If these tapered regions 29 enter the region of the catch 28, the latter is pushed back by a corresponding spring part into the tapered region 29 of the anchoring part 4, 5. The catch 28 therefore locks the anchoring parts 4, 5 in the housing 8, as a result of which the housing 8 is anchored in relation to the first circuit board 1. However, in this state the contact has not yet been produced. As is illustrated in Figures 10 and 11, the housing 8 is moved further towards the circuit board 1 by further moving the two circuit boards 1, 2 towards each other. As a result, the bevel 27 of the anchoring part 5 penetrates into the region of the catch 23, and pushes the latter to the side. The plug-in face side end of the housing 8 at the same time strikes against the circuit board 1. When the catch 23 has been pressed to the side, the latching arm 22 is freely movable. The compressed spring element 14 will then move the slide towards the circuit board 1, since the slide 12 is no longer latched to the housing 8. As is illustrated in Figures 12 and 13, the spiral spring 15 will expand and thus move apart and, in so doing, cause the toggle-lever arrangement to stretch the limbs of the individual toggle levers. As a result of this stretching, the two plates 20 and 21 are pressed away from each other, and thus the slide is pushed towards the front end of the housing. The front face of the contact block 9 then makes contact with the circuit board 1. The spring 15 will expand until the limbs of the toggle levers 17 are aligned parallel to each other, that is to say are therefore aligned perpendicular to the plates 20 and 21. This state is illustrated in Figure 14. Before the toggle levers 17 reach this position, the contact force is built up. In the perpendicular position of the toggle levers, a pressure in the plug-in direction will not lead to the spring element 14 being compressed once more. A blocking position is thus once more reached. It is important to emphasize that the point at which the latching between the slide 12 and the housing 8 is cancelled depends simply and solely on the dimensioning of the anchoring parts 4, 5, but not on the length or the tolerances of the circuit board 2. The connection which is finally set up is illustrated in Figures 14 and 15. The spiral spring 15 of the spring element 14 is in its expanded position. In order to open the connection that has been built up, the circuit board 2 is then removed from the circuit board 1. At the same time, the projections 37 on the base plate 7 (see also Figure 1) will move along the bevelled surface 38 of the toggle lever 16, and transfer the toggle lever 17 from the perpendicular position into a slightly inclined position. It is then once more possible to actuate the toggle levers 17 and, as a result, to compress the spring 15. The projections 37 then run up against the surface 32 of the slide 12 and move the slide 12 away from the circuit board 1, the spring element 14 being compressed once more. The catch 23 is pushed to the side by the bevelled face 33 on the upper side of the latching arm 22. The catch 23 is pushed back by a spring part into the blocking position as soon as it has been passed by the hook of the latching arm 22, and the slide 12 is thus once more latched to the housing 8. The slide is pushed further back by further tension on the circuit board 2. A further inclined face 33 on the latch arm 22 will then push the catch 28 to the side and thus release the latching between the catch and the tapered region 29 of the anchoring part 4, 5. The latching between the housing 8 and anchoring parts 4, 5 of the circuit board 1 is released thereby, and the circuit boards 1, 2 with the connector can be separated from each other. In order to ensure the most uniform pressure of the contacts of the contact block on the corresponding contact-making area, it is expedient to use a spring element having a quite special construction. This can be performed, for example, in that a spring element, as described in the previous figures, which comprises a spiral spring and corresponding toggle levers, is combined with a chamber which is filled with an incompressible fluid that is surrounded by a diaphragm and acts on the electric contacts. Instead of a spring element comprising toggle levers and a spiral spring, other spring elements can also be used. The construction of a contact block having an incompressible fluid 92 will now be described using Figures 20 to 21. The contact block 9 has a chamber 91. The chamber is filled, at least in part, with an incompressible fluid 92. The fluid 92 is surrounded by a diaphragm 93. The diaphragm 93 acts directly on the ends of the electric conductors 11, that is to say on the contacts 94. In order to build up the contact force, use is made of a spring element 14, which is illustrated schematically in Figure 20 and acts on the diaphragm 93 via a pressure plate 95. In this case, the spring element 14 is arranged between the housing and the pressure plate 95. If an appropriate pressure is exerted on the pressure plate 95 by the spring element 14, then this pressure will be distributed uniformly in the fluid 92, and a corresponding uniform pressure distribution will be produced on the contact 94. The fluid 92, which is surrounded by the diaphragm 93, will therefore distribute the pressure uniformly onto the contacts 94 in accordance with the theory of communicating vessels.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Spring element for a connector, for providing the contact force for making contact, the spring element 14 having two toggle levers (17) with a toggle joint (16), which are connected to each other at the toggle joint (16) by a spring (15) and operate in opposite directions. 2. Spring element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the free ends (18, 19) of the toggle levers (17) are connected on one side to a contact block (9) and on the other side to a plug housing (8), and the contact block (9) is arranged displaceably in the plug housing (8) . 3. Spring element according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the spring (15) is a spiral spring. 4. Spring element according to either of Claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the spring element (14) has at least two toggle levers (17), which operate in the same direction, on each side of the spring (15) . 5. Spring element according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the free ends (18, 19) of the toggle levers (17) are articulated on a plate (20, 21) . 6. Connector for making contact with a complementary component (1), which has a contact-making area (3) and at least one anchoring part (4, 5), having a housing (8), which has a receiving part (24) for receiving and fixing the anchoring part (4, 5), and having a contact block (9) for receiving contacts (25) and for making contact with the contact-making areas (3), the contact block being arranged displaceably in the housing (8) and being acted on with a spring force of a spring element (14), which is supported in the housing (8) and supplies the contact force for making contact, characterized in that the spring element (14) has two toggle levers (17), which are connected to each other at the toggle joint (16) by a spring (15) and operate in opposite directions in such a way that when the spring (15) is expanded the contact block (9) moves towards the contact-making area. 7. Connector according to Claim 6, characterized in that the spring (15) is a spiral spring. 8. Connector according to either of Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the spring element (14) has at least two toggle levers (17), which operate in the same direction, on each side of the spring (15) . 9. Connector according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the housing (8) and the contact block (9) are detachably connected to each other in such a way that the contact block (9) only makes contact with the contact-making area (3) when the anchoring part (5) is fixed in the receiving part (24) . 10. Connector for making contact with a complementary component (1), which has a contact-making area (3) and at least one anchoring part (4, 5), having a housing (8), which has a receiving part (24) for receiving and fixing the anchoring part (4, 5), and having a contact block (9) for receiving contacts (25) and for making contact with the contact-making area (3), the contact block (9) being arranged displaceably in the housing (8) and being acted on with a spring force of a spring element (14) , which is supported in the housing (8) and supplies the contact force for making contact, characterized in that the contact block (9) has a chamber (91), which is filled, at least in part, with an incompressible fluid (92) that is surrounded by a diaphragm (93) and acts on the electric contacts (25), the spring element (14) acting directly or indirectly on the diaphragm (93) . 11. Connector according to Claim 10, characterized in that the diaphragm (93) with the fluid acts on the cable ends (94) of a ribbon cable (11), which are inserted into the contact block (9) .

Inventors: BROEKSTEEG JOHANNES MARCELUS, DE BLIECK ROLAND TRISTAN, SOES LUCAS, ZEEMAN JOHANNES MARINUS PAULUS, BROEKSTEEG, JOHANNES, MARCELUS, DE BLIECK, ROLAND, TRISTAN, SOES, LUCAS, ZEEMAN, JOHANNES, MARINUS, PAULUS
Applicants: BLIECK ROLAND TRISTAN DE, BROEKSTEEG JOHANNES MARCELUS, SOES LUCAS, WHITAKER CORP, ZEEMAN JOHANNES MARINUS PAULUS, BROEKSTEEG, JOHANNES, MARCELUS, DE BLIECK, ROLAND, TRISTAN, SOES, LUCAS, THE WHITAKER CORPORATION, ZEEMAN, JOHANNES, MARINUS, PAULUS
Application year: 1998
Main classification: B30B1
IPC codes: G02B6, H01R12, H05K7