COMPRESSING MACHINE FOR TABLETS

Abstract: A compressing machine for tablets consisting in a main wheel (5) along whose border are distributed several radial compressing couples composed by a counterfoil (15) and by the relative inner piston (16), whose radial movements perform on their own the whole coordinated sequence of all the steps of the operative process of tablet compressing.

Description: COMPRESSING MACHINE FOR TABLETS TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention, included in the International Classification B 30b, refers to the technology of packaging machines and specifically to high-performance tablets' compressing machines. STATE OF THE ART In the previous state of the art can be found several different models of tablets' compressing machines. In the already known compressing machines, the compressing equipment consists of two opposite pistons, vertically set up above and below the peripheral zone of a rotating horizontal disc equipped with peripheral piercing holes filled with doses of powder to be compressed. This traditional configuration entails considerable structural hassles, causing troubles to the operation and the maintenance of the machine. The main flaws of the traditional compressing machines can be charged on the fact that the traditional equipment, consisting of two long vertical compressing pistons, requires a troublesome precision in order to ensure the coaxiality necessary to center the peripheral holes of the main disc. During the high-speed operation the centrifugal force causes an uneven wear of the double set of coaxial compressing pistons and of the relative vertical sliding guides. Said uneven wear becomes particularly evident on the external side, where the effect of the centrifugal force is stronger. Furthermore, the impact of both opposite pistons against the tappet rollers produces great noisiness and a considerable wear on the lower edge of the compressing pistons and of the outlined tracks of the guides. It must also be highlighted the fact that the horizontal disposition of the revolving turret entails access problems for the adjustment and the substitution of the worn out elements and for the change of the tablets' shape. One can also find out that in the traditional compressing machines there are relevant problems for the sealing of the lubricating systems and also in the sealing against the infiltration of the powder in the pistons' sliding zones inside the guides of the double set of vertical opposite pistons. The global solution of the above mentioned problems consists in the introduction of new functional concepts, that constitute the inventive core of the present invention, that will thus allow to realize a new class of faster, more silent and more versatile compressing machines with greater operation and maintenance economy. DESCRIPTION The invention is now disclosed with reference to the figures of the attached drawings, as not restrictive example. Figure 1 presents a general scheme of the basic kinematisms of the compressing machine, consisting in a main wheel externally provided with a set of four operating devices that perform, in coordinated sequence, the operation of powder feeding, the first and the second compression of the doses and eventually the selective expulsion of the compressed tablets. One can observe that said main wheel is also internally provided with a set of four equipments that, in synchronized combination with the external devices, co-operate in performing all the steps of the continuous operative loop. Figure 2 shows in greater detail the external devices and the equipment inside the main wheel, combined in order to perform the feeding phase of the single doses of powder to be compressed. Figure 3 shows an enlarged radial section of the devices and the instruments to set the exact amount of powder to be loaded at the first compression. Figure 4 shows the external devices and the internal equipment to grade and adjust the first compression phase. Figure 5 is a enlarged radial section of the devices and instruments for the first compression. Figure 6 shows the external devices and the internal instruments to grade the second compression phase. Figure 7 is a enlarged radial section of the devices and instruments that adjust the second compression phase. Figure 8 shows the devices that perform the phase of the selective final expulsion of the compressed tablets. Figure 9 is a enlarged radial section of the devices and instruments for the expulsion of the compressed tablets. Figure 10 represents a set of four mechanisms inside the main wheel. Figure 11 shows an enlarged radial section of the operation of the return tracks, specially outlined in order to allow the internal movements of the compressing pistons. Figure 12 is a general perspective view of the compressing machine in one of the possible configuration of structural lay-out. In the figures of the attached drawings, presented only as illustrating and not-limiting example, every single detail is marked as follows: 1 indicates the hopper feeding the powder, set on the outside of the main wheel. 2 indicates the external roller that performs the first compression phase. 3 indicates the external roller that performs the second compression phase. 4 indicates the external roller that performs the selective expulsion of the compressed tablets. 5 indicates the main wheel peripherally equipped with a set of small cylinders, inside which small pistons slide, whose radial movements are controlled from inside by the action of a four equipment operative set. 6 indicates the mixed powder inside the feeding hopper. 7 indicates the mixing rotating movements of the powder. 8 indicates the eccentric device that controls the dosing instruments. 9 indicates the action of the connecting rod that moves the profiled sliding block in order to set the dosing of the powder. 10 indicates a single dose of powder to be compressed. 11 indicates the profiled sliding block. 12 indicates an eccentric roller that performs from the inside the first compression. 13 indicates an eccentric roller that performs from the inside the second compression. 14 indicates a roller that performs from the inside the expulsion phase. 15 indicates the counterfoil that guides the radial movements of the compressing pistons. 16 indicates the compressing pistons. 17 indicates the eccentric device that sets the compression grade of the first compressing phase. 18 indicates the eccentric device that sets the second compression. 19 indicates the compressed tablets. 20 indicates the peripheral hollows of the external rollers for the first and the second compression. 21, 22, 23 and 24 indicate the profiled tracks that connect and guide the return excursions to the inside of the compressing pistons. 25 indicates the expulsion cells of the selected tablets. 26, 27 and 28 indicate the expulsion conduits of the selected tablets. 29 indicates the single powder dose after the first compression. One can notice that 1, 2, 3 and 4 constitute the set of four operative devices set up on the outside of the main wheel and that 11, 12, 13 and 14 constitute the set of four instruments co-operating from the inside of the main wheel. One can eventually notice that 21, 22, 23 and 24 indicate the set of four return profiled tracks that link the outside excursions of the dosing, compressing and expelling pistons. As it has been pointed out in the careful analysis of the figure, the number of the compressing pistons (15) is just half of the double set of compressing opposite pistons that is usually provided in the traditional compressing machines. This then entails a considerable structural simplification and a greater economy of construction, operation and maintenance as compared to the traditional compressing machines. It also came out that the format change, that in the traditional machines requires the substitutions of the double set of opposite pistons and of the relative guide counterfoil, in the solution presented here is less expensive and also more convenient, since it can be done without disassemble the machine. In fact the shouldered structure , as shown in figure 12, allows to intervene from the front to substitute said pistons and the relative guides. One can also observe that the compressing pistons (16) are much shorter than those of the traditional compressing machines. Furthermore, it is an important feature the fact that the characteristic guide zone of the counterfoil (15) has a diameter much bigger than the tablets' diameter, this ensuring a greater precision, less strain and thus a longer life of the equipment, together with a considerable reduction of the operational costs. Compared to the traditional compressing machines, it should also be pointed out that the fragile anti rotation tang is not necessary. We must also highlight that solution presented here allows a more effective and inexpensive cleansing operation, even in case of powders harmful for the operator. The structural architecture and the general stance of the machine can be realized with configuration different than the almost vertical one, represented as not limiting example in the figure 12 of the attached drawings. The technological choices of the construction material, the overall dimensions, the structural proportioning of the machine's organs, the diameter of the main wheel, the number of compressing pistons and other geometric characteristics of the different parts allow of course several variation of realization, according to the industrial demands and the markets requests. It is thus clear that all the compressing machines equipped with a single set of compressing pistons and relative guide counterfoils, set up on the border of a main wheel, being the excursions of said pistons radially performed with internal equipment, and basically presenting the characteristics inventive combination as schematically described, showed and hereinafter claimed, will be then be included in the protection sphere of the present invention.

Claims: CLAIMS 1) Tablets compressing machine CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a set of four operating devices (1,2,3 and 4) that perform, in coordinated sequence, the operation of powder feeding , a first and then a second compression, and the selective expulsion of the compressed tablets, being said four devices set on the outside of a main wheel (5) inside which, in radial corresponding opposition, are combined as many co-operating equipments (11, 12, 13 and 14) that control each step of the high-speed coordinated operative sequence. 2) Tablets compressing machine, as in claim 1, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it consists in a main wheel (5) along whose border are distributed several radial compressing couples composed by a counterfoil (15) and by the relative inner piston (16), whose radial movements perform on their own the whole coordinated sequence of all the steps of the operative process of tablets compressing. 3) Tablets compressing machine, as in previous claims, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the external axial excursion of the piston (16), during the fast rotation of the main wheel (5), are fostered by the centrifugal force. The force, radially oriented, doesn't produce any side strain over the guides (15). 4) Tablets compressing machine, as in previous claims, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the external radial excursions of the pistons (16) are controlled from the inside by the adjustable action of the operating equipments (11, 12, 13 and 14). 5) Tablets compressing machine, as in previous claims, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the internal radial excursions of the pistons (16) are performed by the return tracks (21, 22, 23 and 24), profiled and linked for the purpose. 6) Tablets compressing machine, as in previous claims, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the first and the second compression of the tablets are performed and controlled from the inside by the eccentric devices (12 and 13) with the external contrast of the rollers (2 and 3); the rollers present peripheral hollows (20), specially shaped and peripherally distributed in order to synchronizes the relative phases of the first and second compression. 7) Tablets compressing machine, as in previous claims, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the amount of powder to be compressed is set and adjusted by operating on adjustable devices (8, 9 and 11).

Inventors: TAINO RICCARDO, TAINO, RICCARDO
Applicants: BL MACCHINE AUTOMATICHE, TAINO RICCARDO, B.L. MACCHINE AUTOMATICHE S.P.A., TAINO, RICCARDO
Application year: 1998
Main classification: B30B11
IPC codes: B30B11