Method of moving heavy materials

Abstract: A method of safely hanging and moving an ALC block, which method can be carried out at a construction site at a low cost. Holes (13) are formed in the top surface of an ALC block. Starting holes (15) are formed in the bottoms of the respective holes. Anchors (4) are formed each made up of three metallic (5,6,7) plates superposed one on another and having a first and a second end. The metallic plates are joined together at the first end. Each anchor (4) has a hole at the first end. The anchors are driven into the respective starting holes and into the ALC block with the second end first while spreading apart the outer metallic plates so that the anchors will not be easily pulled out. The hanger tools are engaged in the holes formed in the anchors to hang and move the ALC block.

Description: This invention relates to a method for hanging and moving a building material, as described for instance in EP-A-0090780, and particularly a method of hanging and moving heavy ALC blocks used to construct a wall structure of a building. ALC blocks (aerated concrete blocks) are used as building materials for constructing a wall structure. Such an ALC block is too heavy for a single person to handle. Moving such ALC blocks is an extremely hard job for workers. If a worker slips hands and drops a block, he may be seriously injured. At a construction site, ALC blocks are unloaded from a truck and laid. The work condition is thus extremely harsh. If ALC blocks can be hung and moved by e.g. a crane, it is possible to save much labor. In order to hang ALC blocks with a crane, anchors have to be fixed to ALC blocks and connect hanging tools to such anchors. While such anchored ALC blocks are already known, they are difficult to manufacture and thus costly because the anchors are planted in the blocks when the ALC blocks are manufactured at a factory. An object of this invention is to provide a method of fixing anchors to a building material, such as an ALC block, at a construction site so that the building material can be hung and moved by e.g. a crane. According to this invention, there is provided a method for hanging and moving a building material comprising the steps of forming holes in the top surface of the building material, forming starting holes in the bottoms of the respective holes, forming anchors each comprising three metallic plates superposed one on another and having a first and a second end, the metallic plates being joined together at the first end, each of the anchors having a hole at the one end, driving the anchors into the respective starting holes and into the building material with the second end first while spreading apart the outer metallic plates so that the anchors will not be easily pulled out, engaging hanger means in the holes formed in the anchors, and hanging and moving the building material. Each anchor comprises three metal plates substantially equal in length and width and superposed one on another. They are fixed together at one end by e.g. spot welding. At the other end, the outer metal plates 5 and 6 have tapered surfaces inclined toward the central metal plate. The tapered surfaces help the outer plates to spread apart. Thus, when the anchors are driven into the building material, such as an ALC block, the outer metal plates spread apart, so that the anchors are strongly fixed in the building material, such as an ALC block, so as not to be easily pulled out. Other features and objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an ALC block to which are fixed anchors by the method according to this invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an anchor used in this invention; Figs. 3A to 3E are perspective views showing, step by step, the method according to this invention; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an anchor when its outer plates spread apart in ALC; and Figs. 5A and 5B are front views of different anchor tips. An embodiment of this invention is now described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows an ALC block 1 used to erect e.g. a wall structure of a building. Each block has ribs 2 at one end which can fit in grooves 3 formed in another block at the other end. There are also other blocks having flat ends with no ribs or grooves. Blocks of this type are heavy objects having a flat top surface with no hanging anchors embedded when manufactured at a factory. Fig. 2 shows an anchor 4 for hanging and moving an ALC block 1 at a construction site. The anchor 4 comprises three metal plates 5, 6 and 7 substantially equal in length and width and superposed one on another so that their ends and side edges will align. They are fixed together at one end by e.g. spot welding 8 and are formed with a hole 9 at said one end. At the other end, the outer metal plates 5 and 6 have tapered surfaces 10, 11 inclined toward the central metal plate 7. The tapered surfaces 10, 11 help the plates 5, 6 to spread apart. The other end of the central metal plate 7 is located slightly inwardly of the ends of the outer metal plates 5 and 6, and may be flat as shown in Figs. 2 and 5A or pointed as shown in Fig. 5B. Figs. 3 and 4 show how anchors 4 are used to move an ALC block 1. First, as shown in Fig. 3A, holes 13 are formed in the top surface of the ALC block 1 near both ends thereof by e.g. a power drill 12. Then, as shown in Fig. 3B, a thin rectangular plate 14 is driven into the bottom of each hole 13 and then pulled out to form a starting hole 15 deep enough for the tip of the anchor 4 to be inserted. With its tip inserted in the respective starting hole 15, each anchor 4 is driven into the block by striking its head or top end until the head becomes flush with the top surface of the ALC block 1. In this state, the hole 9 of each anchor 4 is in the hole 13. When each anchor 4 is being driven into the ALC block 1, the central metal plate 7 proceeds in a straight line, while the outer metal plates 5, 6 spread apart from each other while bending arcuately outwardly, guided by the tapered surfaces 10, 11. As the outer metal plates 5, 6 spread apart as shown in Fig. 4, ALC (aerated concrete) is trapped therebetween, and the trapped ALC is compressed by the central metal plate 7, so that its density increases, thus dramatically increasing the resistance to the force that tends to pull out the anchor 4. This prevents the anchors 4 from being pulled out of the ALC block even if the block is a heavy one. Workers' safety is thus ensured. With the anchors 4 fixed to the ALC block 1, hackers 16 are engaged in the holes 9 of the respective anchors 4 as shown in Fig. 3D, and the ALC block 1 is hung and moved by a crane or a hoist. ALC blocks are laid one on another in this way to construct a wall structure as shown in Fig. 3E. When each ALC block 1 is laid, the hackers 16 are disengaged and the holes 13 are filled with a filler 18 such as putty. Simply by forming holes 13 and starting holes 15 in an ALC block 1 and driving the anchors 4 into the holes 15, the block can be easily hung and moved even if the block is a heavy one. It is thus possible to save manpower and improve workers' safety. It is thus possible to lay blocks more efficiently and easily than when blocks are laid manually. Blocks can be easily hung and moved. Thus, blocks can be laid at a low cost.

Claims: A method for hanging and moving a building material (1) comprising the steps of forming holes (13) in the top surface of said building material (1), forming starting holes (15) in the bottoms of said respective top surface holes (13), forming anchors (4) each comprising three metallic plates (5,6,7) superposed one on another and having a first and a second end, said metallic plates (5,6,7) being joined together at said first end, each of said anchors (4) having a hole (9) at said one end, driving said anchors (4) into said respective starting holes (15) formed in said building material (1) with the second end first while spreading apart the outer metallic plates (5,6) so that the anchors (4) will not be easily pulled out, engaging hanger means (16) in said holes (9) formed in said anchors (4), and hanging and moving said building material (1).

Inventors: WAKAI TAKAO, WAKAI, TAKAO
Applicants: WAKAI SANGYO KK, WAKAI & CO., LTD.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: E04G21
IPC codes: F16B13, E04G21, E04B1, F16B15