LITHOGRAPHIC PLATE PRECURSOR

Abstract: There is described a method of preparing a lithographic plate which comprises coating on a lithographic support having a hydrophilic surface, a layer of a radiation sensitive coating digitally imaging the coating, then processing the plate with water to remove the unexposed areas of the coating to reveal the hydrophilic surface of the plate and to leave an ink receptive image, wherein the radiation sensitive coating comprises a diazo salt of formula (I), wherein R1 is an anion, R2 and R3 represent optional substitution, R4 is -N- or -S- and R5 is a group which after exposure of the plate renders the residue of the diazo salt oleophilic and fount solution insoluble.

Description: - i - LITHOGRAPHIC PLATE PRECURSOR This invention relates to a method of producing a lithographic plate precursor which is imageable by direct heat and processable with water. Currently the commonest method of preparing a lithographic plate is to image a photosensitive lithographic plate to UV light and to prepare the plate therefrom using an aqueous developing solution. The differentiation between image and non-image areas is made in the exposure process. In conventional lithography a film original is applied to the plate with a vacuum to ensure good contact and the plate is then blanket exposed to a light source, a portion of which is composed of UV radiation. More recent developments in the field of lithographic printing plates have provided imaging devices which allow for the preparation of direct digitally written printing forms. In the commonest method digital imaging information is used to image the plate directly by laser radiation without the need to utilise an imaging master such as a photographic transparency. The fastest growing trend is to utilise lasers which emit infra-red radiation. Such imaging systems are, however, costly due to the lasers required and this is a contributing factor to the slow rate of uptake of this new imaging technology within the print industry. However, imaging devices are now available commercially which can image media using direct heat via means of a heated stylus or nib controlled by an image stored in a computer. Such devices are much cheaper than the equivalent laser imagers and are reducing the entry cost for direct plate imaging systems. Following the exposure the differentiation is revealed during the development step. For typical negative acting systems this involves washing away material from the plate which was not imaged by the exposing source with the aid of a developing solution which may be highly alkaline, e.g. pH of 13, and based on an organic solvent. When aqueous developing solutions comprising volatile organic solvents or which are strongly alkaline in nature are used, their use and disposal presents an environmental problem. We have discovered a method of preparing a negative working lithographic printing plate which can be processed with pure water and which can be imaged using direct heat combining both the compatability with low cost imaging systems and the environmental benefits of water-only processing. According to the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a lithographic printing plate which comprises coating on a lithographic support having a hydrophilic surface a layer of a heat sensitive coating, imaging the coating by direct heat and then processing the plate with water to remove the unexposed areas of the coating, to reveal the hydrophilic surface of the plate and to leave an ink receptive image, wherein the heat sensitive coating comprises a diazo salt of the following formula: wherein R, is an anion, R 2 and R 3 represents optional substitution, R 4 is -N-or -S- and R 5 is a group which after exposure of the plate renders the residue of the diazo salt oleophilic and fount insoluble. Usefully R, is sulphate, nitrate or chloride or it may be a more complex anion for example perfluorooctyl. R 2 and R 3 if present are preferably selected from an alkoxy, halogen, alkyl or amine. The presence of a substituent group in R 2 or R y helps to stabilise the diazo compound. When R 4 is -N- it may be represented by where R 7 and R^ may be part of a polymer chain or may be part of a morpholino functional group. Preferably however ^ is hydrogen and R 7 is a group where R 8 is the residue of a condensing agent and n is 1 to 100. Thus the groups R 7 converts the diazo compound to a diazo resin and this helps to prevent the exposed diazo from washing off during processing. Examples of diazo salts useful in the present invention are as follow: Perfluorooctyl diazo A Sulfate diazo B and In a preferred method of the present invention the printing plate precursor is imagewise heated using a direct heat source which is imagewise controlled by an image stored in a computer. Preferably the heat sensitive coating comprises a compound capable of absorbing heat and transferring this into the bulk of the coating. The heat absorbing material may be carbon such as carbon black or graphite. It may be a commercially available pigment such as Heliogen Green as supplied by BASF or Nigrosine Base NGI as supplied by NH Laboratories Inc. Usefully it may be an organic pigment or dye such as phthalocyanine pigment or it may be a dye or pigment of the squarylium, merocyanine, indolizine, pyrylium or metal dithioline classes. Several types of support may be used for the manufacturing of a diazo sensitised lithographic printing plate. Common supports are metal supports like Al or Zn, polyester film supports and paper bases. These supports, if not sufficiently hydrophilic by themselves, are first coated with a hydrophilic layer to form the hydrophilic background of the printing plate and a top layer containing the diazo compound is then applied. Preferably the support is a flexible support which is attached to a printing press after the direct imaging and water development of the image. In a modification to the method of the present invention there is present between the hydrophilic surface of the support and the dried diazo coating solution a hydrophilic layer. This helps the water to remove the unexposed diazo coating more cleanly after the imagewise exposure. Examples of such hydrophilic layers are layers composed of hydrophilic polysaccharides, for example dextran or pullulan. The following examples will serve to illustrate the invention. The following products are referred to hereinafter: Binder - Ronacoat OC15 having the structure: ROC 15 as supplied by Rohner Ltd of Pratteln, Switzerland. Diazo - TG-3 having the structure: Θ (HSO 4 -0.5 ZπCl 2 )' as supplied by PJS Chemicals of New York State, USA. IR dye - IR-1 as supplied by Eastman Chemical Company, Rochester, New York, USA, having the structure: The coating formulation for the examples was prepared as a solution in 1-methoxy propan-2-ol/ water 96 : 4 (v:v). The substrates used were: a). 0.3 mm sheets of aluminium that had been electrograined and anodised and post-treated with an aqueous solution of an inorganic phosphate, b). 0.18 mm sheets of Horsell Planfoil, a polyester montage foil. The coating solutions were coated onto the substrate by means of a wire wound bar. The solution concentrations were selected to provide the specified dry film compositions with a coating weight of 1.3 gm "2 after thorough drying at 80°C in an oven for 2 minutes. Exposure method 1 - Comparative method using a laser imaging device The coated aluminium substrate was cut into a circle of 105 mm diameter and placed on a disc that could be rotated at a constant speed of 2500 revolutions per minute. Adjacent to the spinning disc, a translating table held the source of the laser beam so that the laser beam impinged normal to the coated substrate, while the translating table moved the laser beam radially in a linear fashion with respect to the spinning disc. The exposed image was in the form of a spiral whereby the image in the centre of the spiral represented slow laser scanning speed and long exposure time and the outer edge of the spiral represented fast scanning speed and short exposure time. The laser used was a single mode 830 nm wavelength 200 mW laser diode which was focused to a 10 micron spot. The laser power supply was a stabilised constant current source. Exposure Method 2 - Direct Heat method Samples of the coated aluminium substrate were subjected to heat delivered from a Weller Soldering Iron EC 2100M at 316°C. The desired image was created by manually moving the soldering iron over the coating to imagewise solubilise the coating by direct heat and produce the image differentiation. The speed of movement of the soldering iron over the plate surface was 1 cm s "1 and the heat was applied to the coated face of the plate. Exposure Method 3 - Direct Heat imagewise controlled by a computer Samples of the coated polyester substrate were subjected to heat delivered from a thermal paper exposing head controlled by a computer attached to a Perkin-Elmer 881 IR spectrophotometer. Processing after Imaging. All plate samples were developed by immersing in water which removed the non-imaged coating areas leaving exposed image areas. Results.

Claims: Claims A method of preparing a lithographic printing plate which comprises coating on a lithographic support having a hydrophilic surface a layer of a heat sensitive coating, imaging the coating by direct heat and then processing the plate with water to remove the unexposed areas of the coating, to reveal the hydrophilic surface of the plate and to leave an ink receptive image, wherein the heat sensitive coating comprises a diazo salt of the following formula: wherein R, is an anion, R 2 and R 3 represents optional substitution, R 4 is -N-or -S- and R 5 is a group which after exposure of the plate renders the residue of the diazo salt oleophilic and fount insoluble. 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein R, is sulphate, nitrate or chloride or perfluorooctyl. 3. A method according to claim 1 wherein R 2 and R 3 when present are selected from alkoxy, halogen, alkyl or amine. A method according to claim 1 wherein when R 4 is -N- it is of the formula:- where R 7 and R^ may be part of a polymer chain or may be part of a morpholino functional group. A method according to claim 1 wherein when R 4 is -N- it is of the formula:- where R 6 is a hydrogen and R 7 is a group where R 8 is the residue of a condensing agent and n is 1 to 100. 6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the direct heat source is controlled by an image stored in a computer. 7. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat sensitive coating further comprises a compound capable of absorbing heat. 8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the compound capable of absorbing heat is pigment. 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the pigment is selected from carbon black, Heliogen Green, Nigrosine Base NGI. 10. A method according to claim 8 wherein the pigment is an organic pigment. 11. A method according to claim 7 wherein the compound capable of absorbing heat is selected from a dye of the squarylium, merocyanine, indolizine, pyrylium or metal dithioline classes. 12. A method according to claim 1 wherein the support is Al or Zn, polyester film supports or a paper base. 13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the surface of the support is treated or coated to render it hydrophilic.

Inventors: BROOKS ALISON JANE, FIRTH DEBORAH JANE, MCCULLOUGH CHRISTOPHER DAVID, PARSONS GARETH RHODRI, RAY KEVIN BARRY, BROOKS, ALISON, JANE, FIRTH, DEBORAH, JANE, MCCULLOUGH, CHRISTOPHER, DAVID, PARSONS, GARETH, RHODRI, RAY, KEVIN, BARRY
Applicants: BROOKS ALISON JANE, FIRTH DEBORAH JANE, HORSELL GRAPHIC IND LTD, MCCULLOUGH CHRISTOPHER DAVID, PARSONS GARETH RHODRI, RAY KEVIN BARRY, BROOKS, ALISON, JANE, FIRTH, DEBORAH, JANE, HORSELL GRAPHIC INDUSTRIES LIMITED, MCCULLOUGH, CHRISTOPHER, DAVID, PARSONS, GARETH, RHODRI, RAY, KEVIN, BARRY
Application year: 1998
Main classification: B41C1
IPC codes: B41C1, B41N1, G03F7