AN APPARATUS FOR SCREENING AND COMPACTING

Abstract: The apparatus for screening and compacting comprises an inlet (3) for a liquid/solid and/or sludge mixture, an outlet (6) for the liquid after screening, and a cylindrical revolving screen (2). The screen (2) is container internally of a closed container (3), and the inlet (1) of the mixture and the outlet (6) of the screened liquid are coupled to the container (3). The liquid-solid/sludge mixture is introduced in the container under pressure, and the solids and/or sludge separated from the liquid are compacted by effect of the pressure. Means (4, 5) are provided for extracting the compacted solids and/or sludge.

Description: Description An Apparatus for Screening and Compacting. Technical Field The apparatus of the invention is applicable to the field of separation of liquids from solids. Background Art For more than 20 years screening apparatus for separation of liquids from solids including a revolving screen have been available on the market. The solid is separated on the outer surface of the revolving screen, and the liquid, falling through the screen, acts as a pre-cleaner of the screen itself. The screen is then further cleaned by a scraper or doctor which removes the residues of the solid which have remained on the surface of the screen. The screen is powered by an electric motor or the like, and the liquid with the solids included is supplied to the screen by force of gravity or by pumping. The screened liquid is discharged by force of gravity. The separation is done at atmospheric pressure and in ambient conditions, and the separated solids are collected downstream of the screen and removed in any way considered appropriate. This type of separator is applied in a large number of sectors, especially in industry, and for the most varied operations. For example, in the food conserves industry water has to be separated from tomato skins, but a plant of this type, of appropriate dimensions, could be used for any application where it is necessary to separate liquids from solids. Though these machines have been present in the art for many years, they exhibit some drawbacks which, if obviated, would render considerable advantages in terms of energy saving, performance and production, as well as in terms of simplification of the plants themselves. The above refers especially to the fact that the solids are simply separated from the liquid, without any compaction of the solids being performed, so that the mass thereof remains considerable; also, after screening, the liquid has to be re- pumped. Also, prior art apparatus require a structure for removal of the separated solids, which are simply fed into a container. In the light of the above, it is obvious that it would be advantageous to have an apparatus which not only separated the solid from the liquid but also compacted the products and removed them from the separator. One aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus that enables the solid separated from the liquid to be automatically compacted. Another aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which removes the solids after said separation. A still further aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which does not need a motor to power the revolving screen. A yet further aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus which can be set in line on a pipeline of a production process with no need of further lifting. The specific object of the present invention concerns an apparatus for screening and compacting, comprising an inlet for a liquid-solid and/or sludge consistency mixture, an outlet for the liquid after screening, a revolving screen cylinder, characterised in that said revolving cylinder is housed internally of a closed container, said mixture inlet and liquid outlet being coupled to said container, and also characterised in that the liquid-solid and/or sludge consistency mixture is introduced into the container at a higher than atmospheric pressure, and also in that the solids and/or sludge separated from the liquid are pressure-compacted, and also in that means for extracting the compacted solids and sludge are provided. The means for extracting the solids and/or sludge are preferably located externally of said revolving screening cylinder. Further, according to the invention, the means for extraction of the compacted solids and sludge can be located internally of said revolving screening cylinder. The means for extraction can be provided with an automatically-opening outlet valve working in combination with the pressure of the outletting compacted solids and/or sludge. Preferably the means for extracting the compacted solids and/or sludge can be constituted by an endless screw or a conveyor belt, and can be arranged parallel or inclined with respect to the axis of the revolving screening cylinder. The apparatus of the invention can be provided with a fixed washing nozzle working at a pressure comprised between 1 and 200 bar. Further, cleaning blades can be provided to scrape the revolving cylinder. The revolving screening cylinder can be coaxial to the container, or offset with respect thereto. A conduit can be provided between the mixture inlet and the compacted solid and/or sludge substance outlet. The revolving cylinder can be powered by a motor or by a hydrodynamic turbine. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the container thereof can be pressurised with compressed air and a sensor for reading off the level of the liquid internally of the container. The revolving screening cylinder can be made using a continuous helically-or longitudinally- wound trapezoid wire, or alternatively can be made of sheet steel with microperforations. The apparatus of the invention can be used horizontally or vertically. Disclosure of Invention Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will better emerge from the detailed description that follows of some preferred but non-exclusive embodiments of the invention, illustrated purely by way of non-limiting examples in the accompanying figures of the drawings, in which: figure 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of the apparatus of the invention; figure 2 is a front view of the apparatus of figure 1; figure 3 is a side view of a second embodiment of the invention; figure 4 is a front view of the apparatus of figure 3 ; figure 5 is a functional diagram of the apparatus of figure 3; figure 6 is a section view of a third embodiment of the apparatus of the invention; figure 7 is a section view along line VI-VI of figure 6; figure 8 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the apparatus of the invention; figure 9 is a front view of the apparatus of figure 8; figure 10 shows a section of a fifth embodiment of the apparatus of the invention; figure 11 is a front view of the apparatus of figure 10; figure 12 is a side view of a sixth embodiment of the invention; and figure 13 is a view of the apparatus of the invention arranged in a channel. Figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, including a pressurised inlet conduit 1 for the liquids containing the solids, feeding the mixture to be separated to the revolving screen 2, which can be of any type and which is contained internally of a closed container 3. On the opposite side of the screen 2 with respect to the inlet side an endless screw 4 is located, the task of which is to push the solids once separated towards the outlet through an outlet conduit 5, outlet of the solids being possible in either direction, according to the rotation direction of the screw 4. The solids separated from the liquid undergo a first compression due to the fact that they are already under pressure from inlet, and are further compacted by the action of the endless screw 4, which removes them continually from the screen zone. The separated liquid outlets through conduit 6. Figure 2 shows a fixed nozzle 7 for cleaning off the revolving screen 2. In the embodiment illustrated in figures from 3 to 5, in which parts identical to parts appearing in figures 1 and 2 retain the same reference numbers, the apparatus of the invention includes a compressed air plant 8 for injecting compressed air internally of the container 3, which plant 8 is provided with a pressure sensor 9 to keep the pressurisation level inside the container 3 at a predetermined constant level and thus keep the solid compacting zone dry. The liquids which have been separated from the solids therefore outlet from the pressurised conduit 6 and can be returned to circulation without any need for further pumping systems. 10 denotes the blades for cleaning the cylinder or revolving screen 2. In the embodiment illustrated in figures 6 and 7, the screw 4 is located inside the revolving screen 2, so that the separation of the solids is done in an internal-to- external direction single cycle. A valve 11 is provided for extraction of the solids, said valve 11 having a hinged hatch 12 which can be opened by pressure or by any other suitable means. In the embodiment of figures 8 and 9, the compaction and extraction of the separated solids occurs in the channel 13 realised externally of the revolving screen 2 between the inlet 1 of the pressurised mixture and the outlet of the separated and compacted solids. Figures 10 and 11 show a still further embodiment of the invention. The inlet of the liquid-solid mixture is subdivided into a plurality of conduits V, so as to have an optimal distribution of the mixture over the revolving screen 2. The screen 2 is offset with respect to the container 3, such as to compact the solids in the chamber 14 before they arrive at the endless screw 4. In this embodiment, too, a nozzle 7 for cleaning the revolving screen is provided, as is the air pressurisation system 8 internally of the container 4 and relative sensor 9, though they could also be omitted. Finally in figures 12 and 13 it can be seen how the apparatus of the invention can be used directly in a channel, arranged either horizontally or vertically. If vertically arranged, the inclination of the screw 4 or other device, for compacting and extracting the solids, can be varied at will, as schematically shown in figure 12. The lower side of the screw 4 is pierced to afford optimal drainage. The schematic representation in figure 13 shows very clearly the characteristics and advantages of the present invention. Functioning is extremely simple and compaction and extraction of the solids obtained extremely advantageous. The apparatus of the invention, independently of its embodiment, can work at flow rates of between 0.5 and 1,000 m 3 per hour, according to the type of destination of use of the invention. Working pressure can vary between 0.1 and 100 bar, preferably up to 30-50 bar. The revolving screen can have filter preforations of between 0.1 and 2.5 mm, with helical or longitudinal wire winding, or it can be made of perforated sheet steel. Flow resistance of the apparatus depends on the flow rate and the length of the revolving screen 2 or cylinder. Each type of screen 2 can be provided with a nozzle 7, having a pressure varying between 1 and 200 bar. Further, as has already been mentioned, the revolving screen 2 can be driven by an electric motor or a hydrodynamic turbine. The screw 4 and the revolving screen 2 motor can be equipped with gear reducers if so desired. The container 3 and the revolving screen 2 can be made of cast iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, plastic, aluminium or other metal alloys.

Claims: Ciaims. 1). An apparatus for screening and compacting, comprising an inlet for a liquid- solid and/or sludge mixture, an outlet of the liquid after screening and compacting, a revolving screening cylinder, characterised in that said revolving screening cylinder is contained internally of a closed container, said inlet of the mixture and said outlet of the screened liquid being coupled to said container, and also in that the liquid-solid and/or sludge mixture is introduced internally of said container at pressure, and in that the solids and/or sludge separated from the liquid are compacted by effect of the pressure, and in that means for extracting the solids and/or sludge when compacted are provided. 2). The apparatus of claim 1, characterised in that said means for extracting the solids and/or sludge when compacted are located externally of said revolving screening cylinder. 3). The apparatus of claim 1, characterised in that said means for extracting the compacted solids and/or sludge can be located internally of said revolving screen. 4). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said means for extracting can be provided with an outlet valve which opens automatically in accordance with a pushing action of the compacted solids and/or sludge. 5). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said means for extracting the compacted solids and/or sludge are constituted by an endless screw or a conveyor belt. 6). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said means for extracting the compacted solids and/or sludge are arranged parallel to or inclined with respect to the axis of said revolving screen. 7). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a fixed cleaning nozzle is provided which can operate at between 1 and 200 bar pressure. 8) The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that blades are provided for cleaning the revolving screen. 9). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said revolving screen is coaxial to the container. 10). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 8, characterised in that said revolving screen is offset with respect to the container. 11). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a channel is provided between the inlet of the mixture and the outlet of the solids and/or sludge. 12). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the revolving screen is driven by a motor or a hydrodynamic turbine. 13). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a system is provided for pressurising the container with compressed air and a sensor is provided for reading the level of the liquid internally of the container. 14). The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said revolving screen is made of a continuous trapezoid wire helically or longitudinally wound, or alternatively of perforated sheet steel. 15) The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it can be used either horizontally or vertically.

Inventors: CURINI SIMONA, CURINI, SIMONA
Applicants: CURINI SIMONA, IDRACOS S P A, CURINI, SIMONA, IDRACOS S.P.A.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: B01D33
IPC codes: B01D33