Scarifier machine with a shaking milling drum

Abstract: The invention realises a scarifier machine (1, 100; 150; 170) for the removal of soils comprising: a frame (2; 200; 250; 270) mounted on wheels or tracks (3); at least a milling drum (6) supplied with active elements (7) put in contact with the soil (8) to be removed and with a protective sump (9) mechanically connected with said frame; first motorization means suitable for setting in rotation said milling drum (6) around its longitudinal axis (12). Said protective sump (9) is mechanically connected with said frame (2; 200; 250; 270) by shaking means (20; 50) which cooperate with second rotating means (21; 210; 320; 70) in order to impart to said sump (9) and said drum (6) connected with it alternating movements regarding said soil (8) to be worked during the rotation of the milling drum (6) itself.

Description: The invention concerns a scarifier machine for the removal of soils. As it is known, scarifiers are machines which are used for the removal of soils, for example in order to execute excavations or to crumble and to remove road blankets. Such scarifier machines substantial comprise a frame mounted on wheels or tracks, supplied with a prime mover, an operator's stand on which the driver is seated and a milling drum on which active elements which are put in contact with the soil to be removed are present. The milling drum is covered by a protective hood and it is set in rotation so that the active elements with which it is provided can execute the crumbling of the soil with which they come in contact and in which they are made to sink. In the embodiments belonging to the known technique the milling drum is supplied with a primary motion which is the rotation around its own longitudinal axis while the feeding movement is a progressive shifting which causes it to sink in the ground. DE 29 48 540 was used as a basis for the preamble of claim 1 and discloses a (vibratory) roller which has a milling drum as an attachment. A vibrator is directly mounted to a frame supporting the milling drum, but not between the frame and a protective hood. In another embodiment, vibrations of a vibratory double roller are coupled by means of a screw connection to support forks carrying a frame supporting the milling drum. Again, the hood is not mechanically connected to the frame by shaking means. The present invention intends to realise a scarifier machine in which the milling drum is supplied also with a shaking movement, formed of speedy alternating movements relative to the machine frame and the soil to be worked, which are created during its rotation around its own longitudinal axis. The said purpose is achieved by the realisation of a scarifier machine for the removal of soils comprising the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the present invention may be gathered from the dependent claims. According to a preferred embodiment said shaking means are formed of one or more cylindrical shafts arranged in between supports fixed to said hood and supplied with eccentric cylindrical zones in which supports fixed to the frame of said machine are coupled. When said shaft is set in rotation by said second drive means, said eccentric zones realise the shaking of said drum which is the combination of a sussultatory motion on a vertical plane with an undulatory motion on a horizontal plane. According to another embodiment said shifting means are formed by hydraulic cylinders which are arranged in between the frame of said machine and the protective hood of said drum. When said hydraulic cylinders are activated by a circuit of pressurised oil which alternatively feeds their positive and negative chambers, they realise the shaking of said drum which is the sussultatory movement of the drum itself on a vertical plane. Advantageously the scarifier machine of the invention, supplied with a shaking drum improves the milling effect on the soil to be crumbled and permits to reduce the working times. Still advantageously it is possible to obtain a greater exploitation of the used power. The said purposes and advantages will be better understood from the description of some embodiments of the invention given as an example but not as a restriction and represented in the enclosed drawings where: fig. 1 shows the scarifier machine of the invention in a side view where the milling drum is supplied with said shaking means executed according to a first embodiment; fig. 2 shows the scarifier machine of fig. 1 transversally sectioned according to a vertical plane which intersects said shaking means; fig. 3 shows details of said second drive means which cooperate with said shaking means; fig. 4 shows the scarifier machine of the invention in a side view where said milling drum is supplied with said shaking means realised according to a further embodiment; fig. 5 shows the scarifier machine of the invention in a side view where said milling drum is supplied with said shaking means realised according to another embodiment; fig. 6 shows the scarifier machine of the invention in a side view where said milling drum is supplied with said shaking means realised according to a further embodiment. As fig. 1 shows the scarifier machine of the invention, indicated as a whole with 1 comprises: a frame 2 mounted on tracks 3 which supports a propelling group or prime mover 4, and it is supplied with a driving place or operator's stand 5 which accommodates the driver; a milling drum 6 supplied with active elements 7 put in contact with the soil 8 to be removed and a protective sump or hood 9 of said milling drum 6, mechanically connected with said frame 2; first drive means (not represented) which, as fig. 2 shows, are mechanically connected by driving belts 10 to a pulley 11 which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 12 of said milling drum 6 and which sets it in rotation by an epicyclical reduction gear 13. It is clear that the scarifier machine could present a shape different from that described and represented in fig. 1 and for example it could be supplied with wheels rather than with tracks, as the milling drum could be arranged in a position substantially different from the position in which it is represented in fig. 1. It can be observed that said protective hood 9 is mechanically connected with said frame by shaking means indicated as a whole with 20, which as fig. 2 shows, cooperating with second drive means, indicated as a whole with 21, permit to move said drum 6 in an alternating way in comparison with the soil to be worked. According to the embodiment represented in fig. 1 and also in fig. 2, said shaking means 20 comprise a cylindrical shaft 22 which is arranged in between two first supports 23 fixed to the hood 9 of the milling drum 6 and presents, as fig. 3 shows in more detail, two cylindrical zones 24 arranged with eccentricity 25 in comparison with the longitudinal axis 26 of the shaft 22 itself, each of them being received in a second support 27 fixed to the frame 2 of said machine. An eccentric manifold 28 which can be blocked in different angular positions by a screw 29, is interposed in between each eccentric zone 24 and the relative second support 27. In such a way it is possible to change the eccentricity of said second support 27 in comparison with the longitudinal axis 26 of the cylindrical shaft 22 in order to change the oscillation which is imparted to the milling drum 6 when said cylindrical shaft is set in rotation by second drive means, indicated as a whole with 21. In particular fig. 3 shows that said second drive means 21 are formed of a hydraulic motor 30 which is connected with said first support 23 fixed to said hood 9 and having a driving shaft 31 coupled with an end portion 32 of said cylindrical shaft 22. Said hood 9, as fig. 1 shows, is connected with the frame 2 of the machine also by a couple of connecting rods 40 arranged on opposite sides of said shaking means 20 and in correspondence with each end portion of said hood 9, each of said connecting rods having a first end portion 41 hinged to said hood 9 and a second end portion 42 hinged to said frame 2. Said connecting rods realise an articulated quadrangle, and, during the rotation of the milling drum 6, guide the hood 9 and the milling drum 6, in the shaking movement which is imparted thereon by the shaking means 20 and which is a combination of a sussultatory movement on a vertical plane with an undulatory movement on a horizontal plane. Another embodiment of the scarifier machine of the invention, indicated as a whole with 100 is represented in fig. 4 where it can be observed that the protective hood 9 of the milling drum 6 is mounted to the frame 200 of the machine by a couple of the same shaking means indicated as a whole with 20 and previously described, wherein cylindrical shafts 22 are arranged parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis 12 of the milling drum 6. Said cylindrical shafts 22 are set in rotation by second drive means indicated as a whole with 210 which, comprise a pluratity of gear wheels 211 which engage one with the other where at least two of said gear wheels 212 are keyed, each of them to one of said cylindrical shafts 22 of said shaking means 20 and at least one of said gear wheels, for example the central gear wheel 213, is set in rotation by a hydraulic motor. According to another embodiment represented in fig. 5, the scarifier machine of the invention, indicated as a whole with 150, includes the protective hood 9 of the milling drum 6 connected to the frame 250 of the machine by a couple of the same shaking means 20 previously described which, in this embodiment have the cylindrical shafts 22 arranged parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis 12 of the rotating drum 6 and are supplied with second drive means, indicated as a whole with 310, which are formed by a couple of gear wheels 312 keyed to the cylindrical shaft 22 and connected with one another by a chain 313 which engages with both of them. The rotation to said cylindrical shafts 22 is imparted by a motor (not shown) keyed to one of said cylindrical shafts 22. The shaking of said milling drum 6 is controlled by prismatic guides 80 which, are interposed in between said protective hood 9 and said frame 250 of said scarifier machine. According to a further embodiment represented in fig. 6, the scarifier machine of the invention, indicated as a whole with 170, includes the protective hood 9 of the milling drum 6 connected with the frame 270 of the machine by shaking means, indicated as a whole with 50 which, are formed of a couple of hydraulic cylinders 51 each of them having a cylinder the body 52 fixed to the frame 270 of the machine and an end portion 53 of a rod fixed to the protective hood of the milling drum 6. In this embodiment, the second drive means which set in motion said shaking means 50 are formed of a hydraulic circuit 70 which includes a distributor 71 suitable for conveying the pressurised oil coming from a tank 72 by a pump 73, alternatively in the positive chamber 152 and in the negative chamber 153 of each hydraulic cylinder 51, by pipelines 172 and 173, respectively, in order to obtain an oscillating vertical movement of the milling cylinder 6. In this embodiment, the shifting of said milling drum 6 is controlled by prismatic guides 80 which, are interposed in between said protective hood 9 and said frame 270 of said scarifier machine. From the foregoing it will be understood that the scarifier machine of the invention achieves the purpose of being provided with an oscillating milling drum in comparison with the soil to be worked; combining the rotating motion of the milling drum around its own longitudinal axis, with a shaking movement. This makes easy the crumbling work of the soil, permits to reduce the working times and improves the exploitation of the power of the machine. With regard to the milling drum itself, as it has already been said; it could be applied to the scarifier machine in different positions from those described and represented in the drawings and possibly the scarifier machine could be equipped with more than only one milling drum.

Claims: Scarifier machine (1, 100; 150; 170) for the removal of soils comprising: a frame (2; 200; 250; 270) mounted on wheels or tracks (3) which supports a prime mover (4), at least one operator's stand (5) on said frame which accommodates at least one driver; at least one milling drum (6) supplied with active elements (7) put in contact with the soil (8) to be removed, and carried by a protective hood (9) mechanically connected to said frame; first drive means mechanically connected to said milling drum (6) suitable for setting it in rotation around its longitudinal axis (12), characterised in that said protective hood (9) is mechanically connected to said frame (2; 200; 250; 270) by shaking means (20; 50) which cooperate with second drive means (21; 210; 320; 70) in order to impart an alternating movement of said hood (9) and of said drum (6) carried by it relative to said frame, during the rotation of the milling drum (6) itself. Scarfier machine (1; 100; 150) according to the claim 1) characterised in that said shaking means (20) comprise at least one cylindrical shaft (22) mechanically connected with said second drive means (21; 210; 310) suitable for setting it in rotation and arranged in between at least two first supports (23) fixed to said hood (9), said at least one cylindrical shaft (22) presenting a cylindrical zone (24) eccentric in comparison with the longitudinal axis (26) of said at least one cylindrical shaft (22), coupled to at least one second support (27) fixed to said frame (2; 200; 250) of said machine, said eccentric cylindrical zone (24) and said at least one second support (27) moving said hood (9) and said milling drum (6) carried by it in an alternating way in comparison with said soil (8) when said at least one cylindrical shaft (22) is set in rotation by said second drive means (22; 210; 310). Scarifier machine (1) according to the claim 2) characterised in that said shaking means (20) comprise a single cylindrical shaft (22) arranged in between a couple of said first supports (23) fixed to said hood (9) and presenting two of said cylindrical eccentric zones (24), each being received in a second support (27) fixed to said frame (2) of said machine, said cylindrical shaft (22) being centrally arranged in comparison with said hood (9) with its own longitudinal axis (26) parallel to the longitudinal axis (12) of said rotating drum (6) and being mechanically connected to said second drive means (21). Scarifier machine (1) according to the claim 3) characterised in that it further comprises each two connecting rods (40) arranged on opposite sides of each end portion of said cylindrical shaft (22), each of them having a first end portion (41) hinged to said hood (9) and a second end portion (42) hinged to said frame (2) of said scarifier machine. Scarifier machine (1) according to the claim 3) characterised in that said second drive means(21) are formed of a hydraulic motor (30) having a driving shaft (31) coaxially keyed to one of the end portions (32) of said cylindrical shaft (22). Scarifier machine (100; 150) according to the claim 2) characterised in that said shaking means (20) comprise a couple of said cylindrical shafts (22) which are interposed in between said hood (9) of said milling drum (6) and said frame (200) of said machine and which are disposed with their longitudinal axis (26) parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis (12) of said milling drum (6), both said cylindrical shafts (22) being mechanically connected to said second drive means (210; 310). Scarifier machine (100) according to the claim 6) characterised in that said second drive means (210) comprise a plurality of gear wheels (211) in engagement with each other, at least two (212) of said gear wheels being keyed, each of them, to one of said cylindrical shafts (22) and at least one (213) of said gear wheels being set in rotation by a hydraulic motor to which it is keyed. Scarifier machine (150) according to the claim 6) characterised in that said drive motorization means (310) comprise a hydraulic motor coaxially keyed to one of the end portions of one of said cylindrical shafts (22) interposed in between said hood of said milling drum (6) and said frame (250) of said machine, each of said cylindrical shafts (22) being provided with a gear wheel (312), said gear wheels (310) being connected with one another by a chain (313) which engages with both of them. Scarifier machine (170) according to the claim 1) characterised in that said shaking means (50) comprise at least a couple of hydraulic cylinders (51) arranged in each of the end portions of said protective hood (9) of said milling drum (6), each of said cylinders (51) having a cylinder body (52) fixed to the frame (270) of said machine and an end portion (53) of a rod fixed to said hood (9), said hydraulic cylinders (51) cooperating with said second drive means (70) suitable for activating said hydraulic cylinders (51) in order to move said milling drum relative to said frame. Scarifier machine (150; 170) according to the claims 8) or 9) characterised in that said protective hood (9) of said milling drum (6) and said frame (250; 270) of said machine are connected with one another by guiding prismatic elements (80).

Inventors: BITELLI ROMOLO, BITELLI, ROMOLO
Applicants: BITELLI SPA, BITELLI S.P.A.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: E01C23
IPC codes: B28D1, E01C23