Method and device to recognise and indicate a discharge vessel filling level in a vacuum system

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for recognising and warning of the level of fullness of a waste container (5) in a suction system driven by a motor (3) and provided with an internal chamber (4) kept under suction pressure and comprising the waste container (5). The method foresees a measurement of the difference of pressure between the internal chamber (4) and the environment outside the vacuum cleaner and an elaboration of such measurement according to a set of rules in fuzzy logic for producing an electric warning signal corresponding to the filling level of the waste container (5).

Description: Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and to a device for the recognition of the level of fullness of a waste container in a suction system. More in particular, the invention refers to a method and to a device for recognising the level of fullness of a waste container in a suction system comprising a suction appliance driven by a motor and provided with an internal chamber kept under suction pressure and comprising a waste container. Prior art As is well known even to laymen, in the sphere of work of a system of suction for domestic or industrial appliances it is necessary to periodically remove or empty the collection container of the material which has been sucked up. For suction system we mean generically a suction appliance or vacuum cleaner driven by a motor and provided with an internal chamber comprising a filter and a collection container, which we will refer to herein as waste container. In this context, one of the recurring problems is that of recognising the level of fullness of the waste container. This information is important both for efficient working and for a good yield from the suction system. In fact, the working principle of a vacuum cleaner foresees that inside the appliance there is a chamber comprising the waste container and where a suction pressure is created by means of the action of the motor. The suction force of the vacuum cleaner is precisely due to the difference in pressure between the internal chamber at a low pressure and the external room pressure. Keeping the rotation speed of the motor constant, as the waste container begins to fill up the pressure in the internal chamber tends to fall because of the presence of material which has been sucked up and occupies space obstructing the porosity of the filter with a consequent drop in suction force. Various solutions are on offer at the moment from the prior art to allow the user to receive a warning signal when the waste container is full. For instance, the German patent No. DE 44 34 393 C discloses a system allowing the derivation of the actual pressure, and thus the actual grade of filling of the waste container of a suction system by measuring the actual current fed to the motor. A further patent application No. DE 39 14 306 discloses the use of an electronic controller for supplying an output electric signal corresponding to the fullness level of the waste container in a suction system. However, this document fail to teach how to refer the measure to the speed of the motor. Another known solution is disclosed in the German patent No. DE 43 04 263 C relating to a fuzzy logic controller used in vacuum cleaners. All the actual solutions on offer from the prior art do not offer any effective information on the actual level of waste in the waste container and, as already said previously, this does not allow the vacuum cleaner to be made use of its full potential. The technical problem at the basis of this invention is that of finding a new method and a relative device for recognizing and warning not only of saturation, but also the full level of a waste container in a vacuum cleaning system, therefore allowing the constant monitoring of such level. Summary of the invention The idea of solution which is the basis of this invention is that of utilizing a controller working on Fuzzy logic for creating a sensor or level identifier to incorporate in the suction system. On the basis of such idea for a solution the technical problem is resolved by a method of the type previously indicated and defined in claim 1 and following. The technical problem is further resolved by a device of the type previously indicated and described in claim 5 and following. The characteristics and advantages of the method and of the device according to the invention will result from the description of an embodiment thereof as indicative and not limiting with reference to the attached drawings. Brief description of the drawings figure 1 shows a schematic block view of a device designed according to the invention for taking the filling level of a waste container in a suction system; figures 2A, 2B, and 2C show respective diagrams which show the pattern of the difference of pressure on three different surfaces, on increasing the speed of the motor and with a filling level of the waste container constant; figure 3 shows a diagram which shows the pattern of the difference in pressure on three different surfaces, on varying the speed of the motor and of the filling of the waste container; figure 4 shows a diagram which shows the pattern of the difference of pressure on varying the filling level of the waste container; figure 5 schematically shows a type diagram with Fuzzy logic functions involving variable "pressure"; figure 6 schematically shows a type diagram with Fuzzy logic functions involving variable "filling level". Detailed description With reference to such figure, with 1 a device designed according to the present invention for recognising and warning of the filling level of a waste container 5 in a suction system is wholely and schematically indicated. The suction system is indicated with a block 2 and is intended as being any type of suction cleaner for domestic or industrial use driven by a motor 3 and provided with an internal chamber 4 comprising a waste container 5 for the collection of sucked up waste material. The internal chamber 4 is kept under suction pressure by the action of the motor 3. The method according to the invention allows the filling level of the waste container 5 to be measured in the suction system 2. A pressure sensor 6 is foreseen between the waste container 5 and the motor 3. Such sensor 6 detects the suction pressure of chamber 4, or better the difference of pressure between chamber 4 inside the suction device and the external room pressure. The pressure sensor 6 has an output 7 connected to the input of an electronic controller 8 operating in Fuzzy logic, for example a fuzzy processor of the type commercially known as WARP. Such controller 8 has a second input connected to the motor 3 for recording its rotation speed. Advantageously according to the invention, the controller 8 elaborates the information in input according to the sequence of fuzzy logic rules, reported herein later, in order to supply in output an electric warning signal in correspondence to the filling level of the waste container 5. To this respect it should be noted that the pressure, or suction pressure whatever, in chamber 4 depends both on the state of the waste container 5, and on the type of surface on which one is cleaning. The speed of rotation of the motor being the same, and with predetermined filling level of the waste container 5, the difference of pressure increases as the porosity of the surface being cleaned increases. That is it depends on the fact that a more porous surface obstructs the suction head to a greater extent. This statement is validated by experimental trials carried out by the applicant. In the herein attached figures 2A, 2B and 2C comparative diagrams are shown which represent time-pressure curves for three different types of surface. In fact, the pattern of the difference of pressure on three different surfaces is shown in these figures, on increasing the speed of the motor and with the waste container level constant. Figure 2A relates to void suction, while figures 2B and 2C relate to suction on floors and on a carpet, respectively. From these results it can be seen that it is possible to identify the level of filling of the waste container, according to the difference in pressure, having the added information relative to the type of surface. Let us suppose for example of having fixed a void suction as reference. This condition can be reached by simply lifting the extremity of the suction tube of the vacuum cleaner. Measuring the difference of pressure on the variation of the speed of the motor and with varying levels of filling of the waste container 5, the pressure curves reported in figure 3 are obtained. From these curves it is possible to note that the more full the waste container 5 becomes, so the pressure values increase relative to the same motor speed. The three curves on the right indicated with 9 are those recorded in correspondence to the empty container, proceding towards the left the curves are parametrised for the increasing values of filling of the waste container. Advantageously according to the invention, this relation has been formalised through a set of rules in fuzzy logic. In this way, an estimation of the level of fullness of the waste container 5 is carried out. As an example consider figure 4 which shows a diagram of the pattern of the difference in pressure to the varying of the level of fullness of the waste container. Let us take the values of pressure reported in the various curves in correspondence to point p on the axis of the abscissa are taken as reference. In correspondence to such point, we can identify the pressure values taken for various levels of fullness of the waste container, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5. The curve more to the right is taken in correspondence to void, proceding towards the left the curves are parametrised for increasing values of fullness of the waste container. In correspondence to a determined motor speed we record the following pressure values p1, p2, p3, p4, p5. According to the invention such values are utilised as centroids in the semantics of the rules in fuzzy logic. More in particular, the above mentioned values are made correspondent to the following fuzzy terms: very_ low, low, medium, high, very_high for the variable "pressure". Figure 5 schematically shows a diagram of functions belonging to fuzzy logic inherent to variable "pressure". A similar type diagram shown in figure 6 shows a group of functions belonging to a "crisp" type to each of which an identifying term of the state of fullness of the waste container 5 corresponds. For example, in figure 6 the terms Empty, Not Very_Full, Half_Full, Almost_Full, Full are indicated which describe perfectly the level of fullness of the waste container. The relationship between the group of above mentioned terms and their state of filling of the container can be expressed by the following group of fuzzy rules: IF pressure IS Very_Low THEN the container IS Empty IF pressure IS low THEN the container IS Not Very_Full IF pressure IS medium THEN the container IS Half_Full IF pressure IS High THEN the container IS Almost_Full IF pressure IS Very_High THEN the container IS Full The method and the device according to the invention have the great advantage of allowing the monitoring not only of the fullness of the waste device but also the level of filling. This information is important both for verifying if it is necessary to empty the waste container, and also in view of being able to modulate the suction according to the surface on which one is working. In the latter case in fact, in order to be able to recognise a surface the level of fullness of the waste container must also be known

Claims: A suction system (2) with a device for recognizing and signaling the filling grade of a waste container (5) comprising a suction appliance driven by a motor (3), the suction appliance being provided with an internal chamber (4) kept under suction pressure and comprising the waste container (5), and a pressure sensor (6), connected to said chamber (4) for detecting its suction pressure value characterized in that it comprises, downstream of the sensor (6), an electronic controller, operating in fuzzy logic, and connected to said motor (3) for detecting the rotational speed of the motor for supplying an output of the controller with an electric signal corresponding to the filling grade of the waste container (5). The suction system according to claim 1 wherein said pressure sensor is structured to measure a difference of pressure between said internal chamber (4) and an external room. A method to sense a filling grade of a waste container (5) in a suction system (2) including a motor (3), a waste container (5) and an internal chamber (4) maintained under suction pressure by the motor (3), the method being characterized by the following steps: measuring the difference in pressure between said internal chamber (4) and an external room; detecting the rotational speed of the motor; processing in a fuzzy logic electronic controller the measured pressure difference and the rotational speed of the motor according to a set of fuzzy logic rules to obtain an output signal corresponding to the filling grade of the waste container. The method of claim 3, wherein the fuzzy logic takes into consideration the surface on which the suction is performed. The method of claim 3, wherein a relationship between the set of fuzzy logic rules and the filling grade of the waste container comprises the following relations: IF pressure IS Very_Low THEN the waste container IS Empty IF pressure IS Low THEN the waste container IS Not Very_Full IF pressure IS Medium THEN the waste container IS Half_Full IF pressure IS High THEN the waste container IS Almost_Full IF pressure IS Very_High THEN the waste container IS Full.

Inventors: BUSACCA SILVIA, CUCE ANTONINO, CUCUCCIO ANTONINO, BUSACCA, SILVIA, CUCE', ANTONINO, CUCUCCIO, ANTONINO
Applicants: ST MICROELECTRONICS SRL, STMICROELECTRONICS S.R.L.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: A47L9
IPC codes: A47L9