METHOD TO WIDEN A FABRIC WINDING ON A RAISING AND/OR GRINDING DRUM AND RELATIVE WIDENING DEVICE

Abstract: Method to widen a fabric winding on a raising and/or grinding drum, the fabric (13) being kept lengthwise under tension between an inlet cylinder (14) and an outlet cylinder (15), the fabric (13) cooperating in the segment when it is being wound onto the drum (11) with a plurality of raising or grinding cylinders (12) rotating on their own axis, or with raising or grinding rods or staves attached at their ends to the housing of the drum (11) and rotating therewith, there also being included alternate pile (12a) and counter-pile cylinders (12b) or staves, wherein the fabric (13), as it is being wound around the drum (11), is subjected to a transverse drawing action in both directions with respect to its own median axis, the transverse drawing action being exerted by the cylinders (12) or staves and causing a widening of the fabric (13) countering with the contraction caused by the lengthwise tension exerted between the inlet cylinder (14) and the outlet cylinder (15). Device to achieve the method as above.

Description: "METHOD TO WIDEN A FABRIC WINDING ON A RAISING AND/OR GRINDING DRUM AND RELATIVE WIDENING DEVICE" * * * * * FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention concerns a method to widen a fabric winding on a raising and/or grinding drum and the relative widening device as set forth in the respective main claims. The invention is applied in raising/grinding machines which use a rotary drum which supports on its circumference a plurality of raising or grinding cylinders which also rotate on their own axis, or a plurality of stationary rods or staves lined with wires with hooks or abrasive material, or yet again with both rotary cylinders and also stationary rods alternately. In the following description we shall refer mainly to the application with rotary raising cylinders, but in any case this shall include the application with stationary rods or staves . BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The state of the art includes raising machines configured as a rotary drum around which the fabric which is to be treated is drawn under tension. On the circumference of the drum are mounted a plurality of cylinders which are also rotating on their axis and are lined with wires with hooks, with the function of raising the pile from the warp and the weft of the fabric as it passes over the drum. The rotary cylinders can be replaced by, or alternated with, stationary rods or staves with their ends on the housing of the drum and lined with wires with hooks. This action of raising the pile of the fabric serves to make the feel softer and fuller, to hide the weave of the fabric, to make the contours of a pattern less defined and in some cases to partly modify the shades of colour. At the inlet and outlet of the drum there are normally cylinders or return rollers controlled by devices which serve to regulate, with extreme precision, the tension of the fabric wound around the drum. The tension of the fabric subjected to raising or grinding is in fact an extremely important parameter which considerably influences the final result. The raising cylinders can have the hooks facing alternately in the opposite direction so as to cause an alternating action of pile and counter-pile on the fabric. According to other embodiments, there may be two or three counter-pile cylinders for one pile cylinder, or other combinations are possible according to the type of fabric to be treated and/or the type of effect desired. In the event that the raising machines are used to perform grinding operations, the cylinders are lined with abrasive material, diamond-shaped paper or other suitable material. Several raising drums can be placed adjacent to or above each other so as to achieve consecutive and sequential treatment cycles in order to increase productivity. The speed of the drum can reach as much as 150 rpm, while the speed of the raising cylinders can reach as much as 1500 rpm. In usual practice, the counter-pile cylinders rotate at a much faster speed than the pile cylinders. In order to guarantee a better and more accurate control of the tension of the fabric winding around the drum, there have been solutions proposed wherein the raising drums, at some defined circumferential points, cooperate with return rollers arranged outside the drum, on which the winding fabric is made to pass. With this solution it is also possible to obtain a greater pressure of the fabric against the drum, which gives a better raising yield. On the other hand, this solution has the disadvantage that it reduces, with the diameter of the drum being the same, the overall contact surface of the fabric with the raising cylinders due to the circumferential segments of the drum being unused because of the presence of the return rollers . One of the common problems which all businessmen operating in the field complain of, and for which an efficacious solution has not yet been found, is the progressive longitudinal stretching, and the consequent transverse contraction, of the fabric in its path from the inlet to the outlet of the drum. This stretching is caused by the drawing action between the raising cylinders and the longitudinal drawing action to which the fabric is subjected between inlet and outlet; the more elastic the fabric is, the greater the stretching will be. The stretching, and consequent transverse contraction, entails an irregular and dis-uniform raising, inasmuch as the fabric is treated in a dishomogeneous manner in correspondence with the lateral zones with respect to the central zone. This makes it necessary to carry out a plurality of supplementary passes in order to obtain a satisfactory final result, which in any case is never an optimum result; it also requires a considerable experience and ability on the part of the workers who frequently have to intervene in order to maintain the fabric on the drum in an acceptable condition for the raising or grinding process. All this entails extra time and costs for these operations to be performed. The present applicant has designed, tested and embodied this invention to overcome these shortcomings in a relatively easy, economical and extremely functional manner. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is set forth and characterised in the respective main claims, while the dependent claims describe variants of the idea of the main embodiment. The purpose of the invention is to achieve a method, and the relative devices to achieve the method, by means of which the fabric wound onto a drum to achieve raising or grinding processes is maintained correctly widened in a transverse direction so that the action of the raising or grinding cylinders is homogeneous and uniform along its entire length. The invention maintains the fabric at a desired and controlled transverse tension while it is winding onto the drum, prevents it from contracting transversely as it stretches, and therefore guarantees the raising action is regular, without the need to make several passes, without having recourse to special machines such as lifting devices or similar, and without requiring devices such as peripheral return rollers. Moreover, a further purpose of the invention is to obtain a secondary effect of raising the warp yarn lengthwise; this effect is not usually obtained in normal raising machines wherein the raising action is achieved almost exclusively on the weft yarn. In a first embodiment, the raising or grinding cylinders, or part or groups thereof, are subjected to axial displacements of a desired entity while they are rotating on their axis and rotating with the drum. These axial displacements are generated in correspondence or in cooperation with the means which make the raising or grinding cylinders rotate, or with the means which support the ends of the stationary rods or staves; they generate axial deviations between one cylinder and the following cylinder, or between pairs or groups of cylinders, which deviations widen the fabric while it is being subjected to longitudinal tension, between the inlet and outlet of the drum. The number of axially movable raising or grinding cylinders, their arrangement around the drum, the entity of axial deviation or divarication imparted to each of the cylinders, the start-of-widening and end-of -widening positions are all parameters which can be set and regulated according to the type of fabric being worked, the type of processing to be done and the type of result to be obtained. The axial displacement of the raising cylinders or staves as the fabric is being wound onto the drum also achieves an advantageous effect of raising the warp yarn. In another embodiment, the widening of the fabric as it is being wound onto the drum is obtained through the inclusion of a desired number of specific widening rollers arranged between and instead of the usual raising or grinding cylinders . The widening rollers are configured as a plurality of disks or rings arranged adjacent over the entire width of the relative roller and which can be axially displaced with respect to each other by means of systems which alternately cause them to be compressed or extended. According to a variant, the disks or rings, which include on their periphery teeth, pins, wires or other similar means to grip the fabric, are elastically constrained together by means of spring means so as to be able to assume an extended position, if put under stress, which will cause the fabric to widen; then they will return again to the compressed position when the stress is ended. According to a variant, the external stress causes the widening roller to contract, and to return to its extended position once the external stress has finished. The widening rollers can be idle or they too can be commanded like the raising or grinding cylinders. The system using widening rollers is particularly efficacious inasmuch as it widens substantially all the points along the width of the fabric and not only the edges, thus ensuring that the widening is regular and uniform. According to a further variant, the widening roller has segments of a desired length at its ends which consist of springs including needles or pins on the periphery, which serve to grip the fabric . The segments consisting of springs perform the same function as the disks or rings which we mentioned before, achieving the lateral widening of the fabric while it is kept under tension between the inlet and outlet of the raising drum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The attached Figures are given as a non-restrictive example and show some preferential embodiments of the invention as follows: Fig. 1 is a diagram of a raising or grinding drum; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the development on one plane of the raising or grinding drum; Figs. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d show four possible embodiments of the invention, partly developed in a plane view; Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, partly developed in a plane view; Fig. 5 shows a variant of Fig. 1; Fig. 6a shows the widening roller applied to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 in a first position; Fig. 6b shows Fig. 6a in another position; Fig. 7 shows a variant of Fig. 6a; Fig. 8 shows another variant of Fig. 6a; Fig. 9 shows a further variant of Fig. 6a; Fig. 10a is a front view of the raising machine showing a variant of the means by which the widening rollers widen and compress the fabric; Fig. 10b is a front view of the inclined disks shown in Fig. 10a; Fig. 11 is a front view of the raising machine showing another variant of the means by which the widening rollers widen and contract. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The raising or grinding machine 10 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a rotary drum 11 on the periphery of which there is a plurality of cylinders 12, also rotating on their axis and lined with wires with hooks, if used as a raising machine, or with abrasive material if used as a grinding machine . As we said before, the following description also includes the case where, to replace all or some of the rotary cylinders 12, there are stationary rods or staves lined with wires with hooks or abrasive material, which rods or staves are made to rotate by the rotary drum 11. The fabric 13 is made to rotate around the drum 11 by the action of an inlet cylinder 14 and an outlet cylinder 15; the cylinders 14 and 15 are associated with regulation means to accurately control the winding tension of the fabric 13 onto the drum 11. In the winding segment, the cylinders 12 exert their raising or grinding action on the surface of the fabric 13 with which they are in contact. In the part of the drum 11 which does not cooperate with the fabric 13, there are cleaning brushes 16 to remove the down removed from the fabric 13 by the raising or grinding cylinders 12. According to the invention, all the cylinders 12, or at least part thereof, are associated with means which are suitable to move them axially while they are rotating on their axis. This axial movement of the cylinders 12 serves to maintain in transverse drawing action the fabric 13 which is held in tension around the drum 11 by the inlet cylinder 14 and the outlet cylinder 15, and therefore to prevent the fabric 13 from contracting, thus also achieving a secondary effect of raising the warp yarn. The axial movement of the cylinders 12, in this case, affects the cylinders 12 included between a start-of- widening zone 17a and an end-of-widening zone 17b; the position of these two zones can be regulated according to the desired extent of the widening to be imparted to the fabric 13. In a first embodiment of the invention, all the cylinders 12 included between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b are axially displaced in an alternately differing direction (see Fig. 2) so that, as it advances, the fabric 13 is subjected to forces 18 facing outwards alternately opposite. According to a variant, only one pair of cylinders, consisting of the pile cylinder 12a and the counter-pile cylinder 12b, is axially displaced as these cylinders rotate, while the following pile 12a and counter-pile 12b cylinders are not displaced (Fig. 3a) . According to another variant, the cylinders 12 are displaced in pairs, according to the greater longitudinal tension and therefore the greater stretching and consequent transverse contraction, which is created in the segment of fabric 13 between one pile cylinder 12a and one counter-pile cylinder 12b with respect to the tension created in the segment of fabric 13 between one counter-pile cylinder 12b and one pile cylinder 12a. In Fig. 3b, the counter-pile cylinder 12b is displaced in the same direction as the pile cylinder 12a which follows it but in the opposite direction to that of the pile cylinder 12a which precedes it. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3c, each pair of cylinders, pile 12a-counter-pile 12b, is displaced in the opposite direction to the following pair 12a-12b. In the further embodiment shown in Fig. 3d, the pile cylinders 12a remain stationary, while only the counter-pile cylinders 12b are displaced alternately, one in one direction and the subsequent one in the opposite direction. According to further variants which are not shown here, the cylinders 12 can be displaced in groups of four or more, or there can be one, two or more movable cylinders 12 between a desired number of stationary cylinders and so on. All these combinations are achieved on each occasion according to the fabric 13 to be worked, the type of processing to be carried out and the final result to be obtained. The lateral deviation "1" achieved between a cylinder 12 and the following cylinder 12, or between successive pairs or groups of cylinders 12, can have minimal values, even a few millimetres, which are reproduced along the whole segment of the drum 11 between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b, and can therefore produce a deviation of several centimetres. This overall deviation, with a value which can be regulated according to the desired result, is sufficient to efficiently fulfil the function of widening the fabric 13 while it is being wound under tension around the drum 11. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment to achieve the axial movement of the cylinders 12. Each group of cylinders 12, respectively the pile cylinder 12a and the counter-pile cylinder 12b, cooperates with a respective drive system which includes respective pulleys 19a and 19b and belts 20a and 20b. In this case, the cylinders 12a and 12b rotate on respective translation systems including bearings, bushes, or bearing-bushes 21 cooperating with the housing 29 of the drum 11. Between the drive system with the pulleys and belts and the respective bearing-bush 21, in this case there is a system including circular and cams or rails 22 which can be divaricated, on which the suitable guide systems 30 travel, such as wheels or similar, associated with the shafts 23 of the relative cylinder 12. As the guide means 30 slide over the cam or rail system 22, they generate an axial movement of lateral displacement during the rotation of the cylinder 12. In the case shown in Fig. 4, the pile cylinders 12a are moved in a direction alternately opposite to the counter- pile cylinders 12b. The system with circular cams or rails 22 is achieved as a function of the desired opening or divarication induced on the cylinders 12, the desired movement in pairs, groups or individually of the cylinders 12 and the desired start-of- widening 17a and end-of-widening position 17b. When the established end-of-widening position 17b has been passed, the circular cam or rail system 22 is configured so as to return the raising cylinders 12 to a position of perfect alignment with each other for the whole segment up to the start-of-widening position 17a. According to a variant which is not shown here, the means to generate the axial displacement of the cylinders 12 are pneumatic means associated with the shaft 23 of the cylinders 12. According to a further variant which is not shown here, the means to generate the axial displacement of the cylinders 12 are electric means. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 5-7, the widening of the fabric 13 as it is being wound onto the drum 11 is obtained by including between the raising or grinding cylinders 12, and to replace some of them, specific widening rollers 24, arranged in a desired number between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b. Fig. 5 shows an application where there are three widening rollers 24, respectively 24a, 24b and 24c. Here too, the number and position of the widening rollers 24 on the periphery of the drum 11 can be modified according to the application, but the number of rollers 24 cannot in any case be too high, so as not to compromise the efficiency of the raising or grinding action. Each widening roller 24 comprises a plurality of disks or rings 25 keyed onto the shaft 23 and including on the periphery means 26 to grip the fabric 13 such as needles, pins, teeth, wires or similar. The disks or rings 25 are connected axially to each other by elastic means, in this case springs 27, which can be made to extend, if stressed by an external action, widening the length of the roller 24 and therefore widening the fabric 13 gripped by these means 26. When this external action has finished, the elastic means and the disks or rings 25 are returned to their initial position by the circular cam or rail system 22 which retracts and compresses the widening roller 24. The widening roller 24 in this way exerts a transverse drawing action on the fabric 13, preventing it from retracting even if it is subjected to an intense longitudinal drawing action. The external action which tends to widen the disks or rings 25, extending the springs 27, is obtained by means of the circular cam or rail system 22 cooperating with the shaft 23 of the roller 24 in a substantially identical manner as seen before. In the variant shown in Figs. 10a and 10b, the external action exerted on the widening rollers 24 which compresses and dilates them while they are rotating with the drum 11, is achieved by two disk elements 34, which can be inclined and are arranged at one side and the other of the heads of the raising drum 11. The ends 124 of each widening roller 24 rest on the inclined disks 34 and slide over them as the drum 11 rotates. According to the inclination of the disks 34, the springs 27 which join the disks or rings 25 are compressed or dilated, widening or narrowing the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26 included on the disks or rings 25. The inclination of the disks 34 can be regulated so as to obtain a greater or lesser effect of widening the fabric 13. In the further embodiment shown in Fig. 11, on the sides of the raising drum 11 there are two semi-disks 134, on which the ends 124 of the widening rollers 24 rest; their height is equal to a fraction of the height of the drum 11. When the ends 124 meet the semi-disks 134, the widening roller 24 is compressed by the compression of the springs 27; when the ends 124 pass over the semi-disks 134 as the drum 11 rotates, the roller 24 dilates and allows the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26 to widen freely. The semi-disks 134 may also be inclined in a desired manner so as to achieve a greater or lesser widening effect. The widening roller 24 can be of the open type (Figs. 6a, 6b) with the disks or rings 25 separated and connected to each other only by means of the springs 27, or of the closed type with the disks or rings 25 contained inside an elastic shell 28 (Fig. 7) . According to a further variant which is not shown here, the disks or rings 25 do not include gripping means 26 on their periphery, but are lined by an elastic sleeve which can be dilated and has the wire with hooks, or the abrasive wire, on the outside, suitable to perform the raising or grinding action and the widening action. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the widening roller 24 consists of a central body 31, which can be lined, but is not necessarily so, by an abrasive wire or a wire with hooks, or by a disk or ring 25 arranged on each side of the central body 31; the disks or rings 25 are associated with the central body 31 by means of springs 27 or other suitable systems of lateral displacement. According to a variant, the disks or rings 25 are not constrained to the central body 31 and are solid with the guide means 30 which slide on the rail 22; their function is to widen the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26. In this way, the lateral displacement of the fabric is achieved only in proximity of its lateral edges. With this embodiment, which may be valid for particular types of fabrics and to obtain particular results, it is possible to use widening rollers 24 which are less expensive than the embodiment shown in Figs. 6a and 6b. Within the field of protection of the invention it is possible to include two, three or more disks or rings 25 arranged on each side of the central body 31 and associated with each other by means of springs 27. According to a further embodiment shown in Fig. 9, the widening roller 24 consists of a cylindrical central body 31, lined, or possibly not lined, with an abrasive wire or a wire with hooks, and by two lateral elements which can be extended axially and consisting of two springs 32 arranged one on each side of the central body 31. The springs 32a and 32b are clamped laterally by means of flanges 33 and include on their periphery the gripping means 26 to draw the fabric 13, at the same time widening it according to the axial movement imparted by the cam or rail elements 22. Within the field of protection of the invention it is possible to include two, three or more springs 32a and 32b on each side of the central body 31.

Claims: CLAIMS 1 - Method to widen a fabric winding on a raising and/or grinding drum, the fabric (13) being kept lengthwise under tension between an inlet cylinder (14) and an outlet cylinder (15), the fabric (13) cooperating in the segment when it is being wound onto the drum (11) with a plurality of raising or grinding cylinders (12) rotating on their own axis, or with raising or grinding rods or staves attached at their ends to the housing of the drum (11) and rotating therewith, there also being included alternate pile (12a) and counter-pile cylinders (12b) or staves, the method being characterised in that the fabric (3) as it is being wound around the drum (11) is subjected to a transverse drawing action in both directions with respect to its own median axis, the transverse drawing action being exerted by the cylinders (12) or staves and causing a widening of the fabric (13) mating with the contraction caused by the lengthwise tension exerted between the inlet cylinder (14) and the outlet cylinder (15). 2 - Method as in Claim 1, characterised in that at least some of the cylinders (12) included between a start-of- widening zone (17a) and an end-of-widening zone (17b) are axially moved by a desired entity while they are rotating, at least one cylinder (12) or stave being moved in such a direction as to generate a lateral deviation of a value "1" with respect to a cylinder (12) or stave which precedes and/or follows it. 3 - Method as in Claim 2, characterised in that each cylinder (12) or stave is moved axially in an opposite direction to that of the cylinder (12) or stave which precedes and follows it. 4 - Method as in Claim 2, characterised in that the cylinders (12) or staves are moved axially in pairs in reciprocally opposite directions. 5 - Method as in Claim 2, characterised in that the cylinders (12) or staves are moved axially in groups of three or more in reciprocally opposite directions. 6 - Method as in Claim 2, characterised in that at least one cylinder (12) or stave is moved axially with respect to the cylinder (12) or stave which follows and/or precedes it and which is maintained stationary. 7 - Method as in any claim hereinbefore, characterised in that only the counter-pile cylinders (12b) or staves are moved axially while the pile cylinders (12a) or staves are kept stationary. 8 - Method as in any claim from 1 to 6 inclusive, characterised in that only the pile cylinders (12a) or staves are moved axially while the counter-pile cylinders (12b) or staves are kept stationary. 9 - Method as in Claim 1, characterised in that the transverse drawing action on the fabric (13) winding around the drum (11) is performed by at least a widening roller (24) arranged between a start-of-widening zone (17a) and an end-of-widening zone (17b), the widening roller (24) comprising a plurality of disks or rings (25) keyed onto a shaft (23), comprising on the periphery means (26) to grip the fabric (13) connected to each other by elastic means (27) suitable, if stressed by an external action, to extend or to contract and therefore increase and/or reduce the length of the roller (24) . 10 - Method as in any claim hereinbefore, characterised in that the axial movement of the cylinders (12) or staves or the external action to dilate/compress the elastic means (27) to connect the disks (25) are achieved by a circular cam or rail system (22) cooperating with the shaft (23) of the relative cylinder (12). 11 - Method as in any claim from 1 to 9 inclusive, characterised in that the axial movement of the cylinders (12) or staves or the external action to dilate/compress the elastic means (27) to connect the disks (25) are achieved by a pneumatic system. 12 - Method as in any claim from 1 to 9 inclusive, characterised in that the axial movement of the cylinders (12) or staves or the external action to dilate/compress the elastic means (27) to connect the disks (25) are achieved by an electric system. 13 - Method as in any claim hereinbefore, characterised in that the entity of the axial divarication of the cylinders (12) or staves, or the widening roller (24), can be adjusted according to the desired degree of widening of the fabric (13). 14 - Method as in any claim hereinbefore, characterised in that the start-of-widening position (17a) and the end-of- widening position (17b) can be adjusted. 15 - Widening device for fabric winding onto a raising or grinding drum, the device cooperating with the raising or grinding cylinders or staves arranged on the periphery of the drum (11) to exert a transverse drawing action on the fabric (13) while it is winding around the drum (11) between an inlet cylinder (14) and an outlet cylinder (15), the device achieving the method as in any claim hereinbefore and characterised in that it comprises a widening system cooperating with the shaft (23) of the cylinders (12) or staves and suitable to axially move the relative cylinder (12) or stave so as to generate an axial deviation of a value of "1" with respect to a cylinder (12) which follows and/or precedes it. 16 - Widening device for fabric winding onto a raising or grinding drum, the device cooperating with the raising or grinding cylinders or staves arranged on the periphery of the drum (11) to exert a transverse drawing action on the fabric (13) while it is winding around the drum (11) between an inlet cylinder (14) and an outlet cylinder (15), the device achieving the method as in any claim hereinbefore and characterised in that it comprises a widening system cooperating with the shaft (23) of a widening roller (24) and suitable to extend or compress elastic means (27) connecting disks (25) keyed onto the shaft (23) of the widening roller (24), increasing or reducing in a mating manner the length of the roller (24) according to a greater or lesser widening of the fabric (13) . 17 - Device as in Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the axial divarication system of the cylinders (12) /staves/ rollers (24) is a system with a circular cam or rail (22) cooperating with the shaft (23) of the cylinders (12)/ rollers (24) . 18 - Device as in Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the axial divarication system of the cylinders (12) /staves/ rollers (24) is a pneumatic system cooperating with the shaft (23) of the cylinders (12) /rollers (24). 19 - Device as in Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the axial divarication system of the cylinders (12) /staves/ rollers (24) is an electric system cooperating with the shaft (23) of the cylinders (12) /rollers (24). 20 - Device as in Claim 16, characterised in that the axial divarication system of the widening rollers (24) comprises means with inclining disks (34) arranged on at least one side of the raising drum (11) in cooperation with one head and cooperating through friction with a relative end (24a) of the widening rollers (24) . 21 - Device as in Claim 16, characterised in that the axial divarication system of the widening rollers (24) comprises means with inclining disks (134) arranged on at least one side of the raising drum (11) in cooperation with one head thereof for a fraction of the height thereof, and cooperating through friction with a relative end (24a) of the widening rollers (24) . 22 - Device as in Claim 16, characterised in that the widening roller (24) comprises a central body (31) on at least one side of which there is at least a disk or ring (25) including on the periphery means (26) to grip the fabric (13) . 23 - Device as in Claim 22, characterised in that the disk or ring (25) is connected to the central body (31) by elastic means (27). 24 - Device as in Claim 22, characterised in that the disk or ring (25) is autonomous with respect to the central body (31) . 25 - Device as in Claim 16, characterised in that the widening roller (24) comprises a central body (31) on at least one side of which there is an elastic element (32) which can be laterally dilated/compressed and including on its periphery means (26) to grip the fabric (13) . 26 - Device as in Claim 16, characterised in that it comprises an elastic sleeve, including on the outside an abrasive wire or a wire with hooks, which covers all the disks (25) and/or the elastic elements (32).

Inventors: FRANCHETTI ROBERTO, FRANCHETTI, ROBERTO
Applicants: FRANCHETTI ROBERTO, FRANCHETTI, ROBERTO
Application year: 1998
Main classification: D06C11
IPC codes: D06C3, D06C11