METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCTION OF KNITWEAR

Abstract: The invention holds out a method and device for knitting of hosiery where disadvantages of the existing technics level are eliminated. This is possible to be achieved by the method of knitting where loop-formation stages are shortened, loop transfer does not depend on loop formation and both are performed simultaneously; yarn pulling-out is replaced with pushing-out of it all over the way from the bobbin to the needle. Thus the yarn is not over-stretched, the duration of the process of loop knitting is shortened. So described method is realized by a device for knitting where the milled needle slots, loop-forming edges, the yarn pressing mechanism and the fabric straining mechanism have dropped out but their functions are realized by a needle fixing mechanism and a specific mechanism for taking back and pressing the yarn - Chet Jack. Furthermore, needle setting-in-motion by the knitting system or individual motors is replaced by a mechanism of type called "gun" with electromagnetic, mechanical or pneumatic operation. The hosiery knitting device includes the following mechanisms: needle fixing mechanism, needle operation mechanism (type "gun"), yarn pushing out mechanism, yarn taking back mechanism (Chet Jack).

Description: Method and device for production of knitwear Field of the invention The invention is in the field of cross-knitting units, where the yarn is guided and fed across the needle's axle (by contrast with longituditional knitting where the yarn is fed along the needle's axle). Background of the invention Well-known level of technics includes methods and devices for knitting of hosiery. In case of usual cross knitting, the needle is operated by a knitting system or the needles are operated by individual motors for each needle. Thus the reciprocation of the needle is ensured. Both methods are of relatively poor productivity and on the other hand the course of loop formation it over-stretches the yarn and breaks its structure. Background Method of Knitting of Hosiery Well-known level of technics includes method of knitting based on the group action upon the needle. It includes the following sequence of effects: Stage 1 - knitting system moves across the reed; thus the needle feel in the slot of the knitting system, starts to be pushed out forward. At the time of reaching of the next needle it also falls into the slot of the knitting system and starts to be pushed out forward. At the same time the previous needles goes on to be pushed out forward. This cycle is repeated continuously until the knitting system comes out of needle's field. Stage 2 - When the needle have reached certain position the yarn guide piles a thread on it. After this operation this needle starts to retire backward pulling out the yarn through the next needles all the way from the yarn guide, thus each next needle is given a yarn by the yarn guide but the previous needles draw some thread from the next needles and the yarn guide. Stage 3 - When the needle reaches the initial knitting position (approximately around fore-side of the reed ), the previous yarn held by the needle is dropped. Thus a loop is formed. Stage 4 - The needle goes on movement backward drawing a yarn through the next needles and thread guide till some yarn with the length required is drawn for the next loop. The following needles also move themselves backward till some yam of length required is drawn for the next loop. Stage 5 - The needle starts moving forward to the initial knitting position. During movement forward the needle loosens the yarn have been taken. During movement forward the next needle also loosens the yarn have been taken. Stage 6 - After a while, when the above mentioned act have spread itself along the reed, it effects the general strain of the knitted fabric drawing the new formed loops and together with them the new yarn downward; the general straining over-stretches new-formed loops partially to be able to strain the new-piled yarn. Stage 7 - A yarn forming the next loop is prepared at the time that the fore-side of the reed is reached by the needle. It is possible this yam to be pulled by the general straining. Stage 8 - Throwing a loop across a next or an opposite needle is performed by knitting the loop on the giving needle (stage 1-7) and loop forming (stage 1-7) is paused. Stage 9 - A special throwing-across system transfers the loop over on a needle that belongs to the opposite reed. Stage 10 - The opposite reed moves aside that makes the loop to take place to be thrown across against the taking needle Stage 11 - A specific transfering system reverses the loop to the taking needle. The so described stages are realized as a cycle and without interruption that is up-to date inventor's level. Basic disadvantage of well-known level of the knitting method is relatively low productivity as a result of a long duration of loop formation action. Another disadvantage is forced pulling of the yarn that causes its over-stretching. Background of knitting device Background of reed - needle's slot The reed is a basic element of the known flat and circular knitting-looms. It is usually plate or a ring where are across-threaded special slots that the needles are put in. Disadvantage of well-known reed is too large area that the needle contacts with that is a precondition for high friction. Background of reed - loop forming edge One of the elements of the known reed is so called loop-forming edge. This is a passive part separating the needles each from other and allows formation of two loops by two contiguous needles. A disadvantage is its passivity, that doesn't allow formation of lops of various length. Background of reed - yarn pressing In the actual level of technics a special device is used for pressing of the yarn upon the needle. It is Press Jack to keep the last knitted loop to be pressed upon te needle. A disadvantage of mentioned device is the limited number of functions that it can perform and a complex setting in motion that it requires. Background of reed - fabric tension In the flat and circular well-known knitting-looms general straining of the knitted fabric is applied. The reed - fabric tension makes a general but irregular straining of all the loops. A disadvantage is the general but irregular strain of all the loops that causes yarn structure's break. Background of yarn guidance In well-known knitting looms the yarn in guided by a thread guide which moves across the needles by means of the knitting system or by help of its own mechanism for setting in motion. The motion of the yarn guide pulls by force a yam from the bobbin. A disadvantage of this way of yarn guidance is the excessive pulling out of the yarn breaking its structure in too large scope and and it could not guarantee the specific weight of the product (g/sq.m.) Background of needle operation, pulling out of a yarn to form a loop Well-known knitting needle is set in motion reciprocately by which realizes its function to form loops. 3 Being operated by knitting system or an individual motor the needle pulls out certain amount of a yarn to form a loop with certain length. A disadvantage is pulling out the yarn by force by reason of over-stretching of the thread that makes the quality of the hosiery product to be difficult of reaching (required specific weight). Summary of the invention The invention hold out a method and device for knitting of hosiery where disadvantages of the existing technics level are eliminated. This is possible to be achieved by the method of knitting where loop-formation stages are shortened, loop transfer doesn't depend on loop formation and both are performed simultaneously; yam pulling-out is replaced with pushing-out of it all over the way from the bobbin to the needle. Thus the yarn is not over-stretched, the duration of the process of loop knitting is shortened. So described method is realized by a device for knitting where the milled needle slots, loop-forming edges, the yarn pressing mechanism and the fabric straining mechanism have dropped out but their functions are realized by a needle fixing mechanism and a specific mechanism for taking back and pressing the yam - Chet Jack. Furthermore, needle setting-in-motion by the knitting system or individual motors is replaced by a mechanism of type called "gun" with electromagnetic, mechanical or pneumatic operation. The hosiery knitting device includes the following mechanisms: needle fixing mechanism, needle operation mechanism (type "gun"), yarn pushing out mechanism, yarn taking back mechanism (Chet Jack). Description of the figures enclosed Exemplary performing of a device that clears its modus operandi, essence and the action of the method is shown on (fig..1-6) Enclosure: fig. 1 - Needle fixing mechanism fig. 2 - Yarn pushing out mechanism fig. 3 - Yam Taking back mechanism (Chet Jack) fig. 4 - Needle operation mechanism of type "gun " with electromagnetic operation 4 fig. 5 - Needle operation mechanism of type "gun " with mechanical operation fig. 6 - Needle operation mechanism of type "gun " with pneumatic operation Exemplary Embodiment of the Invention Hosiery across knitting method The knitting method object of the invention includes the following sequence of actions: Stage 1 - needle operation mechanism [9] shots the needle from initial knitting position [13] to the position of taking a yam [10] where the yam guide [11] piles a yam upon the needle and the near-by Chat Jack [3], and the yarn pushing-out mechanism [7] pushes out the yarn of required length [16] to form a loop. Stage 2 - the needle setting-in-motion mechanism [9] takes the needle back in the initial knitting position [13], and the needle takes back a part of pushed out yarn (or the entire pushed out yarn). At the same time the needle drops the previous piled yarn and forms a loop [12]. Simultaneously Chet Jack [3] presses the yarn onto the needle and takes back a part of the new-piled upon both - the Chet Jack and the needle yarn if there is any. Stage 3 - Loop transfering mechanism [17], positioned against the loop giving needle [19] takes off the loop [18] from the needle and hold it on itself, carries the loop [18] to the loop taking needle [20] and throws the loop across from itself to the needle [20]. These actions flows simultaneously with those ones described in stage 2. Knitting device Needle fixing mechanism Needle fixing mechanism (fig. 1 ) is a bed, formed by two big disks [1] set at a distance by a little disk [2] where the needle lies. The mechanism when it is necessary includes more than one bed to be ensured linearity of the needle movement. The contact of the needle with the disks is within a not too large area which reduces the friction of the needle. It is possible this construction to be performed unitedly. The disks could be circular-shaped and the needle bed could be formed by disk [1] and disk [2] lined consecutively. Needle operation mechanism of type "gun" The gun of electromagnetic operation [26] (fig. 4) consists of three bobbins [21], [22], [23], installed on a common sleeve [24] inside of which pervious to magnetic core [25] moves. The needle joins this core. The bobbins [21], [22], [23] are dimensioned such a way that the center of the first bobbin [21] conforms to the initial position of the needle [13] - initial knitting position. The center of the third bobbin [23] conforms to the position of the yarn taking needle [10], and the center of the second bobbin conforms to any medial needle position. At the time of feeding supply in the second bobbin [22] the core [25] moves and centers itself towards formed magnetic field of the second bobbin, that cause shooting of the needle to the second position. At the time of feeding supply in the third bobbin [23] the core moves and centers itself towards formed magnetic field shooting the needle to the third position [10]. At the time of feeding supply in a number of the bobbins the core moves and centers itself towards the common magnetic field. In case of operation the bobbins in the reverse order they take the needle back to initial knitting position [13]. This mechanism can also work with four bobbins in which case the fourth bobbin conforms to position behind initial knitting position of the needle. The gun with mechanical operation [27] (fig. 5) consists of disks [1] and [2] strung around a shaft [28]. The needle is installed at a distance from it in such a way that hangs over disk [2] and is not in contact with disk [1]. Disks [1] and [2] may be the same and may be performed unitedly. This construction is repeated in second point of the needle where both shafts [28] turn in different directions. Being pressed upon one of the shafts the needle is drawn by the shaft through disks [1 ] and [2] and afterwards the shaft shots the needle forward; when the needle is pressed upon the other shaft [28], the shaft shots if backward. Both positions of the needle conform to the initial knitting position of the needle [13] and position of taking a yarn [10]. The pneumatic operation gun [30] (fig. 6) is mechanism consisting of double-side air cylinder [31] in which have been put a special double-side piston [32]. The piston [32] is a cylinder [32] on both sides of which circular brushes [33] as a continuation of the piston juts out. The brushes form natural cones and congests the piston to walls of cylinder [31]. The needle is joint the piston. At the time of feeding some air from the one side of the air cylinder [31], the near-by brush [33] of the piston [32] swells and congests itself to the cylinder, and the distant brush [33] shrinks and let the air pass around itself. Thus the air shots the piston forward. In case of the reverse feeding of air, the piston shots itself backward. The piston can work by blowing air as well as by suction air, and joining the needle could be along the pistons axle. Yarn taking back mechanism (Chet Jack) Chet Jack (fig.3) consists of disks [3] with soft changing its shape outer edge with changeable geometry, strung around shaft [4]. There is at least one disk Chet jack [3] between two of needles and the needles are installed over or below the shaft axle [4]. Chet Jack are strung around the shaft freely in such a way that windage enough for their skidding towards the shaft is ensured. Strung in such a way Chet Jack by their soft edges take part in loop formation [14]. The shaft [4] turns [15] and by a frictional, magnetic or of another kind gear the rotating movement of the shaft [4] is given upon the disks Chet Jack [3] with admissible skidding. The yarn guide [11] piles a thread upon the needle and Chat Jack; the needle takes back a part of the pushed out yarn, and forms a loop; Chet Jack takes back a part of the pushed out yarn. Exterior profile of Chet jack is prepared with special shaped beds (teeth) where piled yarn sinks easy and goes out hard from the bed [5]. The exterior profile of Chet Jack could be prepared as a brush [6] so that Chet Jack to be shrung round the shaft steadily [4]. The mechanism could be prepared as a shaft-brush unitedly. Yarn push-out mechanism The mechanism (fig.2) consists of two shafts [7] with specific profile that clutch each other. The pressure of the shafts each other is chosen so that good enough clutching to be ensured which not to allow skidding. The yarn [8] is pressed between both shafts. Shaft 's profile ensures the positioning of the yarn between them. 7 One of the shafts turns round its axle, and the other one also turns round its axle synchronously. Required amount of a yam is pushed out by motor shaft's rotating. The mechanism is installed on a yarn guide [11]. Along the yam way from the bobbin to the needle there are two of so described mechanisms that work near the bobbin which a yarn wind off from and near the yarn guide's nozzle that a yam is piled upon the needle by. The straining and slacking of the yarn between the both mechanisms is under control by the synchronous operation of each one. First of the mechanisms unwinds a yarn of required length from the bobbin and ensures certain reserve of yarn for the second mechanism. The second one doses and feeds the needle with some yarn for each of loops. Both mechanisms could also work in a reverse order returning needless yarn towards the bobbins direction. Bibliography: Company data of: APM, BROTHER, ELITE DIAMANT, JUMBERKA, Karl Meyer, MECMOR, MONK COTTON, PASSAP, PROTTI, SHIMA SEIKI, STEIGER, STOLL, TSUDAKOMA, UNIVERSAL Patent claims are formalized in 6 points. A paper to be published - Abstract and Fig.3.

Claims: Patent claims: 1. Hosiery cross-knitting Method where the needle moves to the point where to take a yam, yam guide piles a thread upon the needle, afterward the needle comes back at initial knitting position forming a loop, characterizing that a gun shots the needle to the position for taking of a yarn and thread guide pushes out the yam and pile it upon the needle whereupon the needle takes back the pushed out yarn and forms a loop, a mechanism presses the yarn to the needle simultaneously and takes back some needless part of the pushed out yarn if there is any at the same time when a loop transferring mechanism takes down a loop of the feeding needle, conveys the loop and throws it across onto the taking needle. 2. Hosiery cross-knitting method in accordance with claim 1 , characterizing that a loop could be formed working by one and only needle or simultaneously with more than one next needles. 3. Hosiery cross-knitting of well-known knitting needle (a hook with a cap), and yarn guide for piling a thread upon the needle characterizing that the needle lies between two disks [1] set at a distance by a third one [2], the needle is operated by a gun [26, 27, 30] where the yarn guide [11] carries a yarn pushing-out mechanism [7], and in front of the needle a yarn taking back mechanism is installed [3] and that mechanism's edge with changeable geometry takes part in loop formation. 4. Hosiery cross-knitting device in accordance with claim 3 characterizing that the gun [26] consists of three bobbins [21 , 22, 23] wound round a common sleeve [24] inside of which a core works [25] and /or the gun [27] consists of two rotating shafts [29] and the needle is pressed to one of them and /or the gun [30] consists of double-side air cylinder [31] inside of which a double-side air piston [32] is put in and which is shaped as two opposite brushes [33]. 5. Hosiery cross-knitting device in accordance with claims 3 and 4 characterizing that the yarn taking back mechanism [3] consists of shaft [4] on which disks [3] are installed by skidding clutch or unitedly and the mechanism has a external formed as a brush soft edge [6] or this soft external edge is formed with yarn holding beds [5] by which changeable geometry of the external edge taking part in loop formation is possible to be reached. 6. Hosiery cross-knitting device in according with claims 3, 4 and 5 characterizing that there is a yarn pushing out mechanism [7] installed on the yarn guide [11] consisting of two specific profiled shafts, ensuring the positioning of the yarn and yarn's operation by pushing out.

Inventors: NIKOLOV PETER RAICHEV, NIKOLOV, PETER RAICHEV
Applicants: NIKOLOV PETER RAICHEV, NIKOLOV, PETER RAICHEV
Application year: 1998
Main classification: D04B39
IPC codes: D04B7, D04B15, D04B39