Electrical connector

Abstract: A connector for electronic elements with recessed contacts, such as flash memory cards, is disclosed. The connector enables substantially linear insertion of the card through a wall of an electronic component utilizing the card. A floating guide member receives the card and permits clearance movement toward and away from the connector contact terminals. A simplified form of compression connector is disclosed. It employs multiple point engagement of the terminal with the side walls of the terminal receiving passage to hold the contact terminals in the housing prior to installation.

Description: Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Invention: This invention relates to electrical connectors and specifically connectors for electrically associating portable, exchangeable electronic elements, such as integrated circuit cards, with a circuit substrate. 2. Brief Description of Prior Developments: User exchangeable electronic devices, particularly miniature integrated circuit cards known as compact flash cards, have been developed as user changeable memory or program sources for electronic cameras and other electronic components. One standardized card form comprises a miniature rectangular card having substantially flat top and bottom surfaces. The bottom surface carries an array of contact pads located in a recess formed near the front edge of the card. VCC and ground contacts are incorporated into the leading edge of the card. The recessed array of contacts on the card presents a design difficulty. In order to prevent undue damage and wear to the contact elements of the card connector, it is desirable to avoid having the bottom front lip of the card engage the contacts. One approach to address this difficulty is exemplified in U.S. Patent No. 4, 820,186. The basic approach shown in this patent is to slide the card into a rotatable carrier and rotate the card against the connector contacts. A disadvantage of this approach is that it requires a substantial amount of surface area of the receiving component to be devoted to structure for receiving and rotating the card. From the component manufacturer's standpoint, a more desirable approach is for the card to slide linearly into the component through a card receiving slot. A connector embodying such a linear sliding insertion action is shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,874,323. However, the connector shown in this patent is relatively complex and has a number of moving parts. As a result, this connector would have a relatively high manufacturing cost. The EP-A-0 399 763 discloses a further electrical card connector. Said card connector is mounted on a base and comprises a guide member and a contact mechanism for contacting contact points with terminals of an inserted card. Said contact mechanism comprises a contact spring frame which is rotatably mounted to a base and which at the same time operates as a stopper member for the inserted card. During the insertion process of the card the contact spring frame is rotated and thus connected to a terminal portion of the card. Based on a variety of mating and unmating processes of a card, the material of the complex construction of the contact spring frame fatigues. Thus, the mechanical as well as the electrical connection can fail which does not guarantee a reliable work of the electrical card connector. Furthermore, the contacts of said contact spring frame are arranged in such a way that they are exposed to damage. Document US-A-4 602 351, on which the two-part form of claim 1 is based, discloses an electrical connector having a base, a guide member, a mounting structure allowing the guide member to move toward and away from the base, and a leaf spring mounted within the guide member for fixing an IC card within the guide member. It is therefore the problem of the present invention to provide an electrical connector for an electronic element which guarantees a reliable mechanical and electrical connection of the inserted electronic element. Summary of the invention The above problem is solved by the subject matter according to independent claim 1. A connector according to the invention includes a floating frame for receiving an electronic element, such as a compact I/C card. The floating card receiving element is mounted on a base. As the card is moved in straight line fashion into the floating element, a transverse force is applied to the card and the floating carrier to position the card in contact with the contact terminals of the connector. Canted guides allow card removal by lifting the back end of the card. The connector includes an array of compression type contact terminals arranged for sliding movement within a housing. A simplified connector structure results from use of a compressible contact terminal structure slidably received in a passage in the housing of the connector. The terminal is retained in the housing by a portion of the terminal that extends laterally beyond an edge of the contact passage and by multipoint frictional contact between the terminal and side walls of the passage receiving the terminal. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a card connector embodying the invention, showing the connector mounted for use in a component; Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the connector shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an isometric view of a base of the connector shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a card guide member of the connector shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the connector and the mounting arrangement shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of a contact terminal housing and contact terminals used with the connectors shown in Fig. 1; and Figs. 7a, b and c show three sequential steps of inserting a card into the connector of Fig. 1. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments The invention is described in the context of a connector for miniature I/C cards known as compact flash cards. However, the invention has applicability to other types of electronic devices having contacts disposed in a recess formed in a surface of the device. As shown in Fig. 1, the preferred embodiment of connector 20 is shown mounted on a circuit substrate 22, such as a conventional printed circuit board. The connector 20 is positioned on the board 22 so that it lies immediately adjacent a wall 24 of an electronic component with which a portable electronic device, such as a flash memory card, is to be used. A rectangular slot 26 is formed in the wall 24 so that the card can be passed through the wall. The wall 24 also includes an enlarged opening 28 to enable a user to grasp a card that has been inserted into the connector. A flash card C is mated with the connector. Referring to Fig. 2, the connector 20 comprises a base 30 and a floating guide member 32 movably mounted on the base by means of posts 34. A contact terminal housing 36 is associated with the base. The base 30, floating guide member 32 and contact housing 36 are preferably formed by molding an insulative polymer. The housing 36 is preferably formed separately from the frame 30 but may also be formed integrally therewith. As shown in Fig. 2, auxiliary contacts 66 are mounted in the base 30 to engage VCC and ground contacts that are specified to be present on the front edge of flash memory cards. Fig. 3 shows the base 30 in greater detail. The base 30 includes a frame 40 formed of two opposed frame sides 42 and two spaced cross members 44a and 44b. An upstanding transverse wall 46 is formed adjacent the rear end of the frame 40. A pair of cam blocks 38 are mounted on opposite ends of the top of the wall 46 and extend forwardly toward the front end of the frame. Cam blocks 38 include inclined cam surfaces 39 formed on lower surfaces of the cam blocks. Although the cam surfaces 39 are shown as flat, they could also be curvilinear. The back wall 46 includes recesses 48 for accommodating the auxiliary contacts 66 (Fig. 2). The frame 40 also includes a contact housing receiving portion 49 formed with an opening 50 that is sized to receive the contact housing 36. At the forward end of the frame 40, an opposed pair of card latches 52 are integrally molded with the frame sides 42. An opposed pair of card stops 54 are positioned adjacent the latches 52 and, as shown, preferably are integrally molded parts of the frame 40. Mounting holes 55 are provided at each corner of the frame 40 to secure the connector on to a circuit substrate, such as circuit board 22 (Fig. 1). Fig. 4 shows features of the floating guide member 32. The guide member includes a cross bar 56 and two opposed, forwardly extending guide arms 58. The guide arms 58 each carry at their distal ends a pair of opposed guide rails comprising lower guide rails 60 and upper guide rails 62, forming facing channels. As shown in Fig. 7a, the lower guide rails are substantially parallel to the frame 40. The upper guide rails are canted by an angular amount represented by angle α in Fig. 7a, for reasons to be described later. Shouldered bores are disposed at each end of the cross member 56. The bores are sized to be slidably received on the bodies of the collared mounting pins 34 (Figs. 1 and 2). The bores 64 are enlarged adjacent the top ends to receive the collars of the pins 34. The bores are also enlarged at the bottom ends to accept biasing elements, such as compression springs 68 (Fig. 7a). The posts 34 are fixed in position by fasteners, such as a machine screw and nut assembly 70, that is utilized to hold the connector 20 on to printed circuit board 22. By the arrangement just described, the guide member 32 is floatingly mounted with respect to the base 40, so that it is capable of moving toward and away from the base in a vertical direction in Fig. 7a. Compression spring 68 biases guide member 32 away from the frame 40. Fig. 5 is a plan view of connector 20 mounted in an electronic component. The connector 20 is mounted in alignment with the card slot 26 formed in the wall 24 of the component. The circuit board 22 includes an opening or relieved section 23 adjacent the slot 26. By relieving the circuit substrate 22 in this manner, a user can grasp upper and lower surfaces of the card C by inserting fingers through the opening 28. In Fig. 2, the contact terminal housing 36 is illustrated without contact terminals, in order to simplify the drawing. Fig. 6 shows, in cross section, a preferred form of contact housing 36 and contact terminals 72a, 72b. The housing 36 comprises a longitudinally extending body having opposed sides 74 and a plurality of transverse walls 76. The housing also includes a substantially centrally located longitudinally extending center wall 78. The wall 78 is flared outwardly toward the side wall 74 by the flared section 80 at the bottom of the housing. By this construction, a series of opposed passages 82 are formed to receive contact terminals. The passages 82 include substantially straight smooth first side walls 84 and substantially straight smooth second side walls 86. The walls 84 and 86 are substantially parallel. At the lower end of each passage, angled surfaces 88 are formed by the flared section 80. A transversely extending opening 90 is formed along the bottom edge of each side wall 74. The terminal housing 36 forms a mating interface 92 for mating with the card and a mounting interface 94 for mounting on a circuit substrate. A hold-down and locating peg 96 projects from the bottom of the housing 36 to retain the housing on a circuit substrate. The upper portions of transverse walls 76 extend above sides 74 and are provided with angled side edges 77. Edge 77 provides a lead-in surface for the card C so that, for example, if engaged by the front edge of the card during insertion, the card will be directed upwardly over the housing 36. The edges 77 also provide protection for the contact terminals 72 during movement of the card C into and out of the connector 20. Pairs of contact terminals 72a and 72b are disposed in opposed passages 82. As shown in Fig. 6, these contact terminals are substantial mirror images of each other. Therefore, only contact terminal 72b will be described in detail. The contact terminal 72b includes a radiused or bent section 98 that is biased against the surface 86. A first leg 102 extends from the section 98 to a contact section formed by the bend 104. A second leg 106 extends from the contact section 104 to an upper bend 108. The outer surface of the bend 108 engages wall 84 of the side 74. A third leg extends from the upper bend 108 to the lower bend 112. As shown, the outer radiused surface of the bend 112 is adjacent the junction of the surfaces 86 and 88. A fourth leg 114 extends from the bend 112 to a circuit substrate engaging contact 116. In the illustrated embodiment, when the housing 36 is mounted on a substrate and retained by the hold-down peg 96, the fourth leg 114 is deflected to the dotted line position. This deflection creates a spring force that presses the contact bend 116 against a contact pad, (not shown) on the circuit board. Alternatively, the contact pad 116 may comprise a surface mount solder tail, rather than a compression connection as shown. As illustrated, the housing 36 and terminals 72a, 72b form a compression connector so that, as a compressive force in the direction of arrow D is applied to the contact terminals, the terminals telescope into the passages 82. As the terminals telescope, they also bend in the regions 108 and 112, resulting in deflection principally of the cantilevered legs 106 and 110, which thereby develop spring forces to create a normal force to press the contact section 104 against a contact pad. The surface 88 resists axial movement of the terminal 72b along the passage and thus stabilizes the location of the bend 112. As previously described, the circuit board contact portion 116 extends laterally through the opening 90 in a transverse direction beyond side 74. Thus, when the housing 36 is mounted on a substrate, the terminal is prevented from moving axially out of the passage 82 by the side wall 74. Also, when the terminals are inserted into the passages, the legs 102 and 106 are deflected about bend 104 in a manner to create a spring pre-load against the walls 84, 86. Thus, the bends 98, 108 and 112 , provide multipoint frictional contact within the passages to retain the terminals in the housing 36 prior to mounting. Figs. 7a, 7b and 7c illustrate the mating sequence of card C with the connector 20. Fig. 7a shows the card C in an initial position after insertion through the slot 26 of component wall 24. In this situation, the card is being moved forwardly in the direction of arrow F and is guided substantially by the lower guide rail 60 in a forward direction. The lateral side edges of the card deflect the latches 52 as the card is inserted. The card C has a recess 118 along a bottom front edge of the card. An array of contact pads 120 is disposed in the recess 118. The contacts are spaced a distance t from the lower front surface of the card. The recess 118 forms a front lip 122 that must be cleared before contact is established between the contact terminals 72 and the contact pads 120. As shown, the card C includes an angled surface 124 along the top edge of the card. Each of the cam blocks 38 includes a camming surface 39 and a lower latching surface 126. Fig. 7b illustrates an intermediate stage of the mating sequence in which the user continues to impart an insertion force in the direction of arrow F on the card C. In this position, the inclined surface 124 on the front edge of the card has engaged the camming surface 39 of the cam block 38. Also, at this stage, the front edge of the recess 118 has cleared the connector housing 36. As a result of the engagement of the surface 124 with the cam surface 39, the card C and guide frame 132 move downwardly toward base 40 to compress springs 68. Fig. 7c illustrates the final mating position of the card C in the connector. At this stage, the inclined surface 124 of the card C has moved beyond the cam surface 39 and the front edge of the card is latched by the lower latching surface 126. The recess 118 is aligned with the terminal housing 36 and the contacts 72 have been telescoped within passages 82 to develop contact forces to engage the contact pads 120 of the card. The guide member 32 has fully compressed the springs 68 and is positioned substantially against the frame 40. The rear end of the card C has passed beneath the latching surfaces 52a of the latches 52 and the rear end of the card is thereby held in vertical position. Also, in this position, the auxiliary contacts 166 are deflected and engage the VCC and ground contact pads disposed along the front edge of the card. The card stops 54 prevent the card from moving rearwardly, out of the connector. To remove the card, the user grasps the back end of the card through the opening 28 and rotates or rocks the card upwardly toward the guide surface 62, thereby deflecting the latches 52 and clearing the card stops 54. This upward rotation about the front edge of the card is permitted by reason of the canting of the upper guide rail 62. In this position, the card is free to move rearwardly so that it is free of the lower latching surface 126 of cam block 38 thereby allowing removal of the card rearwardly through the slot 26. The arrangement described provides for substantial linear insertion of the card C through a slot in the side wall of a component it also provides protection for the contact terminals of the connector, so that the card insertion and removal cycle can be repeated many times without damage to the connector contacts. The connector also minimizes the number of parts thereby simplifying construction and assembly of the connector and lowering manufacturing costs. While the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments of the various figures, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments may be used or modifications and additions may be made to the described embodiment for performing the same function of the present invention without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to any single embodiment, but rather construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the recitation of the appended claims.

Claims: An electrical connector (20) for connecting an electronic element (C) with a circuit substrate (22) comprising: a. a base (30); b. a guide member (32) for guiding the movement of the electronic element (C) along an insertion path; c. at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) associated with said base (30); d. a mounting structure (34) mounting said guide member (32) on said base (30) wherein said mounting structure (34) allows said guide member (32) to move toward and away from said base (30); and e. a cam surface (39) engageable by said electronic element (C) during insertion of said electronic element (C) in said guide member (32), characterized in that f. said cam surface is associated with said base (30) whereby said guide member (32) with said electronic element (C) is moved toward said base (30) during insertion of said electronic element (C) to establish an electrical connection between said at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) and said electronic element (C). The electrical connector (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) is mounted in said base (30) in spaced relation to said guide member (32). The electrical connector (20) according to claim 2, characterized in that said mounting structure (34) includes an element (68) for biasing said guide member (32) away from said at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) wherein said at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) is associated with said base (30) and said biasing element (68) urges said guide member (32) away from said base (30). The electrical connector (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that said base (30) comprises a latching member (52) for holding the electronic element (C) in a contact engaging position with said at least one electrical terminal (72a, 72b) wherein said latching member (52) is disposed along a lateral side edge of said insertion path. The electrical connector (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that said guide member (32) comprises a first guide rail (60) and a second guide rail (62) disposed angularly to said first guide rail (60) wherein said first guide rail (60) is disposed adjacent said base (30) and wherein said guide member (32) is configured to receive said electronic element (C) comprising a package with at least one major surface having a recess (118) and a plurality of contacts disposed in said recess (118). The electrical connector (20) according to claim 5, characterized in that said insertion path is substantially parallel to said base (30).

Inventors: SPICKLER JOHN M, WALKE III KEMPER C, YI CHONG HUN, SPICKLER, JOHN M., WALKE III ,KEMPER C., YI, CHONG HUN
Applicants: BERG ELECTRONICS MFG, BERG ELECTRONICS MANUFACTURING B.V.
Application year: 1998
Main classification: H01R12
IPC codes: H01R12, H01R13, G06K17