A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT

Abstract: For military as well as for civil applications there is designed a construction element comprising a disc-shaped central part (1), out of which there extend at least three shoulders (2) arranged in a plane perpendicular to a transversal axis (3) of the central part (1) and radially with respect to the said axis (3), while between two adajacent shoulders (2), in the central part (1) there is provided a face recess (4) the width of which corresponds to the central part thickness and a depth of which is within one and two thirds of the central part width along the recess axis (8). The central part (1) comprises a first passage (5) the axis (6) of which is situated in a plane of the axis (8) of the face recess (4) being perpendicular to a plane of the shoulders (2) and further comprises a second passage (7), the second passage (7) opening into side faces of the shoulders (2) and being perpendicular to the axis (8) of the face recess (4). The distances of an axis (6, 9) of each of the passages (5, 7) from a transversal axis (3) of the central part (1) are equal. All shoulders (7) comprise a mounting duct (12), the axis of which is perpendicular to its front plane.

Description: A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT Technical Field The invention relates to a construction element and more specifically to an element for a construction of support and/or carrier structures Background of the Invention Robustness of a defence build for army troops in a terrain depends upon barriers which should effectively protect soldiers in the defence and make movements of an enemy more difficult and even prevent them, or at least direct them towards a preselected area Barrier systems comprise a complex of natural and man-made non-explosive and explosive devices Nevertheless for a long time no attention had been paid to non-explosive barπers though at the beginning of a military conflict, at the moment of an attack they are important for protection of boarders and preparation of military resistance posts at directions of assumed advance of the enemy Due to international activities of their opponents use of explosive barriers especially mines of any type and application, have been significantly limited Thus an importance of barriers of the non-explosive type has increased Barπers of this type could be divided in three basic groups, each of them having own sub-groups There exist anti-tank barriers, such as walls, steep slopes, ditches, undercut trees and iron-concrete pyramids, anti-transport barπers comprising damaging up to devastation of existing roads and ways, ditches, undercut trees, traps, obstacles like barricades and finally there are anti-infantry barriers, especially vaπous wire systems, undercut trees, horns and hedgehogs made of wood or iron As experienced from military conflicts throughout the world and from results of tests, which have been carried out in specialized laboratories or within military training, the arrangements known so far become less and less effective because of improving parameters of the present military equipment and technics. As an example there could be presented concrete pyramids anchored in an earth, which are no obstacle for up-today tanks. And what is also very important, ail the known technology of creation of barriers demands lot of machinery, manpower and is very costly as there are used devices and elements having no other application but the military one. On a site an extensive application of earthwork building machines, mechanical loaders, trucks, cars or railroad wagons, to say nothing about hand engineer equipment, is always necessary. It is an object of the invention to create a construction element for building of barriers with higher efficiency when compared with the present ones, the element being suitable also for structures of different types of application, namely for civil ones. Disclosure and Object of the Invention The object of the invention is achieved and the foregoing problems are solved by a construction element in accordance with the present invention, the element comprising a disc-shaped central part, out of which there extend at least three shoulders arranged in a plane perpendicular to a transversal axis of the central part and radially with respect to the axis, while between two adjacent shoulders, in the central part there is a face recess the width of which corresponds to the central part thickness and a depth of which is within one and two thirds of the central part width along the recess axis. The central part forming an integral unit with the shoulders and preferably made of concrete and/or ferroconcrete, may be provided with a metal jacket. Further according the invention the central part comprise a first passage the axis of which is situated in a plane of the axis of the face recess being perpendicular to a plane of the shoulders and further compπse a second passage, the second passage opening into side faces of the shoulders and being perpendicular to the axis of the face recess, provided the distances of an axis of each of the passages from a transversal axis of the central part are equal Further improvement is achieved by furnishing every shoulder with skew surfaces, the first one of which being located within a plane perpendicular to the axis of the face recess and the other one within a plane perpendicular to the first skew surface Still further in accordance with the present invention each shoulder may comprise a mounting passage, the axis of which being perpendicular to the shoulder front plane The construction element according the invention may be preferably applied as a separate unit or for assemblies, even assemblies having complicated forms, thus allowing for construction of all-purpose barriers meeting a wide variety of problems presented by particular terrain and climate conditions The element provides high barrier resistance against military vehicles and other equipment, mobility even by low application of transport facilities, possibility of assembling only by manual power, little requirements upon storage room and long life-time of the construction accomodating the element(s) The element is suitable also for civil applications, such as walling of outside banks of river meanders to keep water streams within present banks, creation of barπers against flooding water, creation of barriers protecting bridge piers, construction of temporary bridges construction of temporary jetties on shores etc Especially by sudden disasters like floods, when in a very short time it is necessary to reinforce damaged terrain or buildings in danger and thus prevent further damages the element should find an application Brief Description of the Drawings By way of an example the invention will be now descπbed with reference to the accompanying drawings where Fig 1 presents a view upon the construction element having four shoulders and Fig 2 shows the element according Fig 1 as faced along the direction P Description of a Preferred Embodiment The construction element presented in the drawings comprise a disc-shaped central part 1, out of which there extend four shoulders 2 All shoulders 2 are arranged in a plane perpendicular to a transversal axis 3 of the central part 1 and radically with respect to the transversal axis 3 In the central part 1, in a place between two adjacent shoulders 2, there is a face recess 4, going as far as the transversal axis 3 of the central part 1, e i down to a half of the width of the central part 1 along the recess axis 8 The width of the recess 4 corresponds to the central part thickness The central part 1 is on the one hand provided with a first passage 5, the axis 6 of which is situated in a plane of the axis 8 of the face recess 4, the plane being perpendicular to a plane of the shoulders 2, on the other hand with a second passage 7, having a longitudinal axis 9 within a plane, which is perpendicular to a transversal axis 3 of the central part 1 and is perpendicular to the axis 8 of the face recess 4. It applies that the distance of an axis 6 of the first passage 5 from the transversal axis 3 of the central part 1 equals the distance of an intersection of second passage axis 9 and recess axis 8 from the transversal axis 3 of the central part 1. Each of the four shoulders 2 ends with a chamfering. Thus each shoulder 2 has skew surfaces 10, the first one of which is located within a plane perpendicular to the axis 8 of the recess 4 and the other one within a plane perpendicular to the first skew surface 10. The shoulder chamfering is reinforced by a metal cover 11, preferably made of steel, the cover 11 being countersinked into the shoulder 2 body Within its end each shoulder 2 is provided a mounting passage 12, the axis of which is but need not be, parallel with the transversal axis 3 of the central part 1 or perpendicular to the shoulder 2 front plane From the point of view of manufacture of the element the central part 1 and the shoulders 2 form an integral unit, the unit being made of concrete and/or ferroconcrete The recess 4 facilitates mounting of a basic set comprising two elements anchored into each other in a way that each element faces the one by its recess 4, their transversal axis 3 being mutually turned by 90° and the central part 1 with the first hole 5 of one element is partially inserted into the recess 4 of the other element For easier mounting and to reduce mechanical wear at places of mutual contact of both elements the central part 1 of each element is within and/or around its recess 4 furnished with a metal jacket 14 , preferably made of steel The jacket 14 covers both front faces of the central part 1 within an area coaxial but wider than the recess 4, provided that inside walls of the recess 4 are completely covered by the jacket 14 Within side walls of the central part 1 the jacket 14 fits into surface of this wall The overall width of the recess 4, incl the jacket 14, shall be at least as wide as the thickness of the central part 1, also incl the jacket 14 Nevertheless the recess width should allow for easy mounting of sets Apart from already descπbed passages 5, 7, 12 the element comprise studs 15 located in the same face wall of the central part 1 which accommodate the second passages 7 The studs 15, preferably of steel facilitate mounting and binding of elements into sets The element may have also only three or even more than just four shoulders 2, as descπbed above Number of shoulders 2 depends upon particular application, for military purposes, for construction of barriers four shoulders offer an optimal solution. Particularly for barriers the above described basic set, comprising two mutually anchored elements should find its basic application. Such a set represents arrangement of elements into two mutually perpendicular planes, the arrangement showing good stability and resistance against front impact. Industrial applications The present invention is designed for military applications, but offers very wide range of application in the field of civil engineering, especially for creation of temporary constructions.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A construction element and more specifically an element for construction of support and/or carrier structures . characterized in, that it comprise a disc-shaped central part (1), out of which there extend at least three shoulders (2) arranged in a plane perpendicular to a transversal axis (3) of the central part (1) and radially with respect to the said axis (3), while between two adjacent shoulders (2), in the central part (1) there is provided a face recess (4) the width of which corresponds to the central part thickness and a depth of which is within one and two thirds of the central part width along the recess axis (8). 2. A construction element according claim 1, characterized i n, that the central part (1) and the shoulders (2) form an integral unit, the unit being made of concrete and/or ferroconcrete. 3. A construction element according claim 2, characterized i n, that the central part (1) is within and/or around the face recess (4) furnished with a metal jacket (14). 4. A construction element according claim 1, characterized i n, that the central part (1) comprise a first passage (5) the axis (6) of which is situated in a plane of the axis (8) of the face recess (4) being perpendicular to a plane of the shoulders (2) and further comprise a second passage (7), the second passage (7) opening into side faces of the shoulders (2) and being perpendicular to the axis (8) of the face recess (4), provided the distances of an axis (6,9) of each of the passages (5,7) from a transversal axis (3) of the central part (1) are equal. 5. A construction element according claim 1, characterized i n, that each shoulder (2) ends with face skew surfaces, the first one of which is located within a plane peφendicular to the axis (8) of the recess (4) and the other one within a plane peφendicular to the first skew surface. 6. A construction element according claim 1, characterized i n, that each shoulder (7) comprise a mounting duct (12) the axis of which is perpendicular to its front plane.

Inventors: VANEK IVO, ZEMAN MIROSLAV, VANEK, IVO, ZEMAN, MIROSLAV
Applicants: VANEK IVO, ZEMAN MIROSLAV, VANEK, IVO, ZEMAN, MIROSLAV
Application year: 1998
Main classification: F41H11
IPC codes: F41H5, F41H11