A METHOD FOR ENHANCING DATA TRANSMISSION

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for enhancing data transmission, in which method the information to be transmitted is transformed into the form of a data frame and which data frame is subjected to channel coding before transmission. The method comprises at least the following stages: part of the channel-coded information is removed at the transmission stage, and the information removed at the transmission stage is reconstructed from the received information at the receiving stage.

Description: A method for enhancing data transmission The invention relates to a method and a system for enhancing the transmission of information by data transmission in the form of a data frame which comprises at least an information element, in which at least part of the information to be transmitted is placed, and a control element, and which data frame is subjected to channel coding in order to form a channel-coded data frame, and in which method a burst to be transmitted on the communication path is formed of the channel-coded data frame. The invention relates further to a mobile station presented in the preamble of claim 17 and a base station presented in the pre¬ amble of claim 20. When information is transmitted in digital form from a transmitter to a receiver, a method is commonly used in which the information to be transmitted is divided into data frames. In addition to the actual infor¬ mation field, data frames can comprise also other elements, such as synchronization data fields and other control data fields. Further, a data frame can include e.g. parity control information for securing the accu¬ racy of the data transmission. In this specification, the information field of the data frame will be called the information element and the other data fields will be called jointly the control element. In data transmission between a mobile station and a base station, the conditions vary upon moving of the mobile station as well as upon changes in environmental and atmospheric conditions. Thus the data transmission is susceptible of disturbances, wherein the received in¬ formation may contain errors. For elimination of errors e.g. in the GSM system, channel coding is used at the transmission stage and channel decoding accordingly at the receiving stage. In channel coding, error correction data is added to the information to be transmitted for exam¬ ple by generating parity control bits by an error correction algorithm and adding them to the information to be transmitted. At the receiving stage, the operation is inverse, wherein possible errors can be detected and the incorrect data corrected with the error correction algorithm, if the number of errors is smaller than or equal to the error correction ca¬ pacity of the error correction algorithm. In addition to the above-mentioned changes in conditions, problems are caused in data transmission between the mobile station and the base station also by a delay in the propagation of signals from the transmitter to the receiver. Because the distance between the mobile station and the base station changes, the signal propagation delay will change ac¬ cordingly. For example in the GSM system, which is a so-called cellular system, the maximum radius of a cell is relatively long, of the order of 35 km. Thus also the propagation delay can vary to a significant de- gree, wherein the synchronization between the mobile station and the base station becomes difficult. For the base station to operate as efficiently as possible, it must receive the information transmitted by the base stations in a predetermined time. For compensation of the propagation delay between the mobile station and the base station e.g. in the GSM system, so-called timing advance is applied. However, the length of the timing advance is not known until the mobile station has formed a connection to the base station. The timing is determined by means of a random access burst transmitted by the mobile station e.g. according to Slotted Aloha proto¬ col. During transmission of the burst, the reception by the base station is not accurately synchronized, wherein the access burst comprises a relatively long synchronization bit sequence (synchronization data field). After the burst, there is still an extended guard period of 68.25 bits intended for eliminating the effect of the propagation delay between transmission and reception, i.e. overlapping of successive bursts upon reception. Figure 2 shows an access burst according to GSM Standard 05.05. The burst comprises a starting data field (Extended Start) of 8 bits, a syn¬ chronization data field (Sync Sequence) of 41 bits, an information field (Encrypted Data) of 36 bits, and a terminating data field of 3 bits. The length of the guard period after the access burst is 68.25 bits. For in¬ creasing the probability of accurate reception, the bits are subjected to channel coding by so-called convolution coding which is also presented in GSM standard 05.05. The coding is conducted with a bit ratio of !4, wherein two bits are formed for each bit to be coded. Thus the number of information bits available is 18, including six parity bits and four tail bits. After this, only eight bits are available for user information. Part of these user information bits are used for informing the base station about a random number, wherein different mobile stations can be sepa¬ rated from each other at the base station. The rest of the user informa- tion bits are used e.g. for indicating the establishment cause of the message from the mobile station. For example in a bit sequence "101XXXXX", the binary digits 101 indicate that the establishment cause is an emergency message and the sequence XXXXX, where X can be either binary digit (0/1 ), indicates the random number selected by the mobile station. Thus the base station transmits as a response to the mobile station an acknowledgement message containing e.g. said random number, wherein the mobile station recognizes (with a certain probability) that the message is intended for it. When the mobile station sends the base station a request for a channel for communication, the mobile station transmits a channel request mes¬ sage to the base station. The message contains also said random number. Since the number of bits available for the random number is limited (5 bits in the above-mentioned example), this may cause prob- lems particularly in situations where there is a large number of channel request messages. For example in packet radio networks, each packet to be transmitted will usually require a channel request message. After channel coding, the coded bits are formed into a burst to be transmitted and conveyed to a modulator. Figure 1a is a reduced block diagram showing such a method for transmitting an access burst ac¬ cording to the prior art. In a corresponding manner, Figure 1b is a re¬ duced block diagram showing the reception of a burst according to the prior art. For enhancing the efficiency of information transmission, methods have been developed for changing the information to be transmitted in a denser, so-called packed form before transmitting the information on the communication path, such as a radio channel. Such methods are based e.g. on the idea that elements recurring in the information to be transmitted are searched for and allotted a suitable index. Thus the re¬ current element is replaced by the index having a shorter form, whereby the quantity of information to be transmitted is reduced. Such recurrent elements can be e.g. combinations of letters recurring in a text, such as abc. In the conventional presentation form of 8 bits, 24 (= 3 x 8) bits are required for presentation of these letters When this combination is al¬ lotted an index of e.g. 5 bits and all letter combinations abc recurring in the data to be transmitted are replaced by this index, 19 (= 24 — 5) bits are saved for each letter combination to be replaced. Further, a method can be used where, if the same character recurs several times in suc¬ cession, e.g. four subsequent numbers 0, these can be replaced by in¬ dicating the character to be repeated and the number of recurrences of this character. Thus the packing density is the higher, the longer these recurrences are. The methods described above are effective in situations where a large quantity of data, such as different types of files, can be subjected to packing. If the quantity of information to be packed at a time is small, such as in the transmission of an access burst, using the above-de¬ scribed methods may result in increasing the quantity of information to be transmitted. For instance when only a few bits are to be packed, the methods described above are not usable In a European patent application EP-535 812 there is provided a method of receiving data encoded to permit forward error correction wherein selected elements of a set of original data elements relating to a first message are substituted by data elements relating to a second message. The first and second messages are two different messages like traffic channel message (TCH) and Fast Associated Control Channel message (FACCH) This method does not increase the length of information that can be sent in a burst. Upon expanding present mobile communication network services, it will be necessary that the receiving equipment required for implementing transmission of a larger quantity of information is substantially not dif¬ ferent from the equipment used in applying previous services. Conse¬ quently, e.g. the implementation of a base station could be substantially the present one, with the exception of reasonable software changes The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-men¬ tioned disadvantages to a large extent and to provide a method and an apparatus for increasing the quantity of information that can be transmitted in a data frame in a manner that the length of the burst to be conveyed to the communication path is the same as that of the burst to be formed by methods of prior art. The invention is based on the idea that after channel coding of the data frame to be transmitted, part of the information to be formed in channel coding is modified. At the receiving stage, the channel-coded information is used for reconstruction of the part removed at the transmission stage, wherein after channel decod¬ ing, a reconstructed data frame is obtained that corresponds to the original data frame. The method of the invention is characterized in what will be presented in the characterizing part of the appended claim 1. The system of the invention is characterized in what will be presented in the characterizing part of the appended claim 12. The mobile station of the invention is characterized in what will be presented in the characterizing part of the appended claim 17. The base station of the invention is characterized in what will be presented in the characterizing part of the appended claim 20. According to the first embodiment of the invention, the data frame to be channel-coded comprises the information to be communicated, wherein upon channel coding, part of the channel-coded data frame to be formed is removed before a burst is formed of the channel-coded data frame for transmission to the communication path. According to the second embodiment of the invention, the information to be transmitted is divided preferably into two elements. The data frame to be channel-coded comprises the first information element to be transmitted, wherein part of the channel-coded data frame to be formed upon channel coding is replaced by the second information element after channel coding and before a burst is formed of the channel-coded data frame for transmission to the communication path. The third embodiment of the invention combines the first and second embodiments of the invention. Thus the information to be transmitted is divided preferably into two parts. The data frame to be channel-coded comprises the first element of the information to be communicated, wherein part of the channel-coded data frame to be formed upon chan¬ nel coding is removed, and another part is replaced by the second in- formation element before a burst is formed of the channel-coded data frame for transmission to the communication path. The invention gives considerable advantages as compared to methods and devices of prior art. Using the method of the invention, it is possible to transmit a larger quantity of information of a message in bursts of the same size than with methods known at present. The method of the invention is also adaptive, whereby for example upon a change in the disturbance conditions, it is possible to increase or decrease the quantity of information to be transmitted in each burst for securing as reliable a data transmission as possible. The invention can be applied also in systems currently in use, wherein enhanced data transmission is used only in those connections where the system of the invention is available both at the transmitting and the receiving end. In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with ref¬ erence to the appended drawings, in which Fig. 1a is a reduced block diagram showing the method of trans¬ mitting a burst according to prior art, Fig. 1b is a reduced block diagram showing the method of receiving a burst according to prior art, Fig. 2 shows an access burst according to GSM standard 05.05, Fig. 3a is a reduced block diagram showing the method of transmit- ting information according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3b is a reduced block diagram showing the method of receiving information according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 shows a channel-coded dataframe, and Fig. 5 is a reduced block diagram showing a channel coder known as such. For describing the operation of the present invention, the operation of a channel coder 3, known as such and illustrated as a reduced block dia- gram in Fig. 5, will be first described. The channel coder 3 is a non-sys¬ tematic (3-2, 3 1) coder. An input IN is coupled to the input of a first shift register SR1 and to the first input of adders SUM1 , SUM2. The output of the first shift register SR1 is coupled to the input of the second shift register SR2 and to the input of the second adder SUM2. The output of the second shift register SR2 is coupled to the third input of the second adder SUM2 and to the second input of the first adder SUM1. The output OUT1 of the first adder and the output OUT2 of the second adder are coupled to the inputs of a selector MUX, wherein the output of the selector MUX forms the output OUT of the channel coder 3. The state of the output of the first adder depends on the state of the input IN according to the formula a(D)(D 2 +l), where a(D) indicates information to be led to the input IN, D 2 indicates the state of the input IN at a moment of time t — 2 (= the state of the output of the second shift register SR2) and D indicates the state of the input IN at a moment of time t — 1 (= the state of the output of the first shift register SR1). In a corresponding manner, the state of the output of the second adder depends on the state of the input IN according to the formula a(D)(D2+D+l). The output of the adder SUM1 , SUM2 is in state 1 , when there is an odd number of states 1 in the inputs of the ad- der SUM1, SUM2. In other cases, the output of the adder SUM1 , SUM2 is in state 0. Consequently, the channel coder is a kind of a state machine, where the output of the channel coder is affected not only by the bit to be coded at a time but also by part of the states of prior coded bits. The block diagram of Fig. 5 shows also a timing circuit CLK, which is used inter alia for transmitting the data in the input of the shift regis- ter SR1 , SR2 to the output of the shift register SR1 , SR2 and for form¬ ing a control signal SEL, by means of which the selector MUX selects the signal at the first or second output of the selector MUX for the out¬ put OUT, i.e. the state of the output of the second adder SUM2 or of the first adder SUM1. For instance, when the control signal SEL of the selector is in state 0, the output of the selector MUX contains the state of the second adder SUM2, and when the control signal SEL of the se¬ lector is in state 1 , the output of the selector MUX contains the state of the first adder SUM1. The control signal SEL is advantageously a rec- tangular wave with a frequency twice the frequency of the trigger sig¬ nal K of the shift registers SR1, SR2. In the exemplifying coupling of Fig. 5, this is implemented by coupling the output of the timing cir¬ cuit CLK to the control input of the selector MUX and to the input of the two-divider DIV. The output of the two-divider DIV is coupled to the trigger inputs of the shift registers SR1 , SR2. The timings can be im¬ plemented also by other methods known as such to an expert in the field, e.g. using application software of a microprocessor. In the following, the operation of the channel coder 3 will be described using as an example a data frame a(D) where the information element consists of the bit sequence 0101 and the control element is 0000, where 0 indicates the logical state 0 and 1 indicates the logical state 1. In practical applications, the logical state 0 is usually a voltage value of about 0 V and the logical state 1 is, in a corresponding manner, about a supply voltage which is for example ca. 3.3 V. The bit sequence is given in chronological order from the left to the right, i.e. the first bit is 0. The information a(D) is led to the input IN of the channel coder 3. Thus the output OUT1 of the first adder is in state 0 and the output OUT2 of the second adder is also in state 0, when it is assumed that the shift registers SR1 , SR2 are first in state 0. The output of the selector MUX is 0 during the state 0 and the state 1 of the control signal SEL, so that a bit sequence 00 is formed in the output of the channel coder 3. The next input bit is 1 , and the shift registers SR1 , SR2 are in state 0, wherein the output OUT1 of the first adder and the output OUT2 of the second adder are in state 1. Thus the output of the selector MUX is in state 1 during the state 0 and the state 1 of the control signal SEL, wherein a bit sequence 11 is formed in the output of the channel coder 3. The next bit is 0, the shift register SR1 is in state 1 and the shift register SR2 is in state 0. Thus a bit sequence 01 is formed in the output of the channel coder 3. The fourth bit is 1 , the shift register SR1 is in state 0 and the shift register SR2 is in state 1. Thus a bit sequence 00 is formed in the output of the channel coder 3. With the bits of the control element, the bit sequence 01110000 is formed in the output. The significance of the control element here is, inter alia, that even the last information bit has travelled through the shift registers SR1 , SR2 of the channel coder. For this purpose, the shift registers SR1 , SR2 of the channel coder are stepped at least twice after the last bit of the information element, wherein the length of the control element should be at least two bits. In this example, the data frame a(D) 01010000 is thus coded as the bit sequence 0011010001110000. In practical applications, the control element of a data frame usually comprises more than one control data field, as shown in Fig. 2. In the following, the operation of the method of the invention will be de¬ scribed with reference to the block diagram of Fig. 3a. In this example, the information to be sent comprises 11 bits, and in a case of prior art, as described above in this specification, the information that can be transmitted in an access burst comprises eight bits. A bit formation block 1 forms the information element of the data frame to be transmit¬ ted, comprising for example an establishment cause code and a ran¬ dom number. The information element is conveyed to a parity formation circuit 2 where the data frame is supplied with a control element which in this example comprises a 6-bit parity and 4 tail bits. Thus at this stage the data frame comprises 21 bits. The data frame is conveyed to a channel coder 3, where the data frame is channel-coded with a bit ratio of Λ A, whereby the output of the channel coder yields a 42-bit channel-coded data frame. The coding is conducted preferably with a convolution code which is an error correction code (Forward Error Correction). The channel-coded data frame is subsequently conveyed to a puncturing means 4. The puncturing means 4 removes part of the bits of the information frame. In this example, 6 bits are removed, thus yielding a 36-bit channel-coded truncated data frame according to GSM standard 05.05. Figure 4 shows a channel-coded data frame, from which every seventh bit is removed. The puncturing means 4 can be implemented e.g. on the principle of a shift register with a serial input. Thus the bit removal can be conducted for example by not triggering the shift register at the bits to be removed. In the next step, the channel-coded truncated data frame is conveyed to a burst coding means 5, in which the data frame is supplied with a starting data field, a synchronization data field and a terminating data field, wherein the burst to be transmitted is generated. From the burst coding means 5, the burst is led to a modulator 6, wherein the modulated signal is conveyed to a transmitter 7 to be broadcast on a radio channel, which is known as such. The receiving step is illustrated in a reduced block diagram in Fig. 3b. A receiver 8 receives the signal broadcast on the radio channel and con¬ veys it to a demodulator 9. The demodulator 9 gives a demodulated signal indicating the transmitted burst. In a burst decoding means 10, a channel-coded truncated data frame (36 bits) is separated from the burst and conveyed to a depuncturing means 11 where the missing bits (6 bits) are added. The bits to be added can be set e.g. zero, irrespec¬ tive of the values of the bits removed at the transmission step. The completed data frame is conveyed to a channel decoder 12 where the channel coding is decoded. The channel decoder 12 is capable of re¬ constructing the original 21 -bit data frame in spite of the fact that the bits added at the receiving stage may not correspond to those removed at the transmission stage. The channel decoder interprets them as in- accurately received bits, wherein the error correction algorithm used for channel decoding reconstructs the correct information. The data frame is still conveyed to a parity control means 13 where the actual 11 -bit information element is separated from the data frame and its correctness can be checked. In some applications, the parity control means 13 is capable of correcting still some possible inaccuracies in the information element. The output of the parity control means 13 contains now the information element corresponding to the original. The invention can also be applied in a manner that the information ele¬ ment is divided preferably into two parts, wherein the first information element is placed in the information field of the data frame. The length of the first information element is e.g. eight bits and the length of the second information element is e.g. three bits. This embodiment oper¬ ates in a way that the channel coding of the information frame is con¬ ducted normally, and in the subsequent channel coding of the control element, some of the bits of the frame to be formed on the basis of the coding are replaced by bits of the second information element. This can be conducted for example by coupling a second selector (not shown) to the output of the selector MUX of the channel coder; this second selec¬ tor is used for selecting either the state of the output of the selec¬ tor MUX or the bit of the second information element as the state of the output of the channel coder 3. At the receiving stage, it is known which bits belong to the second information element, wherein a data frame corresponding to the original data frame can be reconstructed on the basis of the received and decoded burst. The triggering of the shift registers SR1 , SR2 of the channel coder 3 can be interrupted at the stage when the bits of the second information element are inserted in the data frame of the channel-coded data frame. Thus before channel coding of the next data frame, the shift registers SR1 , SR2 are advantageously set in a known initial state, such as state 0. At the receiving stage, it is not necessary to add bits to the decoded burst before channel decoding. Instead, the second information element is formed in the depuncturing means 11 on the basis of the bits which have been replaced by bits of the second information element at the transmission stage. The second embodiment of the invention can also be implemented in a way that bits of the second information element are used to replace part of the bits of the control element, preferably tail bits, in the input of the channel coder. This takes place preferably during formation of the data frame for example so that the bits of the second information element are used to replace the starting bits of the control element after the in¬ formation frame in the data frame. The data frame is subsequently channel-coded. Also in this embodiment, the length of the channel- coded data frame is not increased during channel-coding. Using this method according to the second embodiment of the invention, it is pos¬ sible to achieve a slightly better frame error ratio than by using the method of the first embodiment shown in Figs. 3a and 3b, provided that the need for additional information bits is not very high. Instead of replacing tail bits, it is possible to use a closely related "tail biting" technique. In this case the function of the tail bits is covered by coding the data block as if it were cyclic. Thus the second information element contains preferably the first data bits with which the shift regis¬ ter of the channel coder 3 can be initialized. Finally, the bits of the sec¬ ond information element are fed into the shift register instead of the tail bits. Thus the initial state of the channel coder follows the terminating state, wherein no tail bits are required for ending the coding into a known initial state. The methods presented above can also be combined, wherein some of the tail bits are replaced by information bits and also part of the chan¬ nel-coded data frame is removed. In this case the quantity of informa¬ tion to be transmitted can be even larger. The present invention can also be applied in a way that the quantity of the information to be transmitted in a data frame can vary according to the need, whereby in the first embodiment of the invention the length of the data frame to be led to the channel coder is changed accordingly, and in the method according to the second embodiment of the inven¬ tion, only a required quantity of control bits are used for transmitting in- formation. Naturally, the error correction capacity will be impaired with methods different from the original application, but this is a necessary compromise when it is desired to increase the quantity of information in relation to redundancy allowing for error correction. The base station can use e.g. a broadcast control channel (BCCH) or packet broadcast control channel (PBCCH) for communicating to the mobile station whether the base station avails of data transmission according to prior art or enhanced data transmission according to the present invention. Furthermore, the broadcast control channel can be used for communicating how many bits of information the data frame to be transmitted contains. Enhanced data transmission according to the invention can be imple¬ mented in practical systems also by forming different types of data transmission formats. For example, the number of data bits varies in different formats. Each format has an identification code of its own. Thus the base station communicates advantageously via a broadcast control channel, which format the base station proposes to be used for data transmission. A mobile station implementing the method of the in¬ vention utilizes the proposed format in the data frame to be transmitted. The format to be used can vary even during one and the same connec- tion. For applying the method according to the invention in already existing devices and systems, no changes are required in the modulation and radio parts, because standard bursts can be used. An example of a message that can be transmitted by the method ac¬ cording to the invention is a message of a GSM packet radio system comprising: information on whether the mobile station is of the full duplex or the half duplex type on the RF level (1 bit), the quantity of time intervals desired for data transmission; a maximum of eight time intervals can be requested with three bits, priority (2 bits), a random number (5 bits). The total length of the message is thus 11 bits. An extended information element according to the invention can be transmitted e.g. in the GSM system in a random access burst, but also other bursts can be used. The apparatus according to the invention can be implemented to a large extent by changes made in the application software of mobile sta¬ tions and base stations. The invention can be applied e.g. in cellular systems. Known cellular systems include GSM systems, PCN systems, such as the DCS 1800 system, and PCS-1900 systems. The method according to the invention can be used for example for in¬ creasing the channel capacity of a GSM system Thus at the beginning of the information element of a data frame to be transmitted as a ran- dom access burst, a space is required for bits of the establishment cause code of the message, e.g. according to the second phase of the GSM system Other bits of the information element can be used according to the embodiment in question, for different purposes Advantageously, the enhanced data transmission method according to the invention is available on new channels, and the method of prior art can be used on old channels. The channels can be so-called logical channels which are provided e g with certain time intervals in which the data transmission takes place An application of this kind is e.g. in a GSM system based on time divi¬ sion multiple access (TDMA). The invention is not limited solely to convolution codes with a bit ratio of 34, but it can be applied also in other channel coding methods. The invention is neither limited in that the modification of the channel- coded data frame is conducted after channel coding, but it can also be conducted in connection with channel coding. The method of the invention is not limited solely to the examples pre¬ sented above, but it can be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: Claims: 1. A method for enhancing the transmission of information in the form of a data frame which comprises at least an information part, in which at least part of the information to be transmitted is placed, and a control part, and which data frame is at the transmission stage subjected to channel coding in order to form a channel-coded data frame, and in which method the channel-coded data frame is transformed into a burst to be transmitted on the communication path, characterized in that part of the channel-coded data frame is modified before burst formation by removing part of it and/or by replacing part of it with part of the information to be transmitted, wherein at the receiving stage the transmitted information is reconstructed from the received, modified channel-coded data frame. 2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the length of the information part is fixed. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the information bits are inserted into the data frame before channel coding, wherein part of the channel coded data frame is removed before it is transformed into the burst. 4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that part of the information bits are inserted into the data frame after channel coding by replacing part of it with part of the information to be transmitted before it is transformed into the burst. 5. A method according to any of the claims 1—4, in which the information element comprises a first information element and a second information element, characterized in that part of the control element is replaced with the second information element. 6. A method according to any of the claims 1 — 5, characterized in that the data transmission is conducted in a mobile communication system. 7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the data frame is a data frame forming a random access burst. 8. A method according to any of the claims 5 — 7, wherein the data transmission is conducted between a base station of a mobile commu¬ nication system and a mobile station, characterized in that at least one enhanced data transmission method is available at the base station and in the mobile station, and that the base station informs the mobile station about the method to be used in data transmission, wherein the mobile station uses the method informed by the base station for data transmission. 9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the method is informed in a control channel. 10. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the mobile communication system comprises two or more enhanced data trans¬ mission systems, wherein at least one enhanced data transmission system is available at the base station and at least two, preferably all enhanced data transmission systems available at the mobile communi¬ cation system are available in the mobile station. 11. A method according to any of the claims 6 — 10, wherein the data transmission is conducted by using logical channels, characterized in that an enhanced data transmission method is used on new channels to be added into the mobile communication system. 12. A system for enhancing the transmission of information in the form of a data frame which comprises at least an information part, in which at least part of the information to be communicated is placed, and a control part, and which system comprises means (3) for conducting channel coding of the data frame in order to form a channel-coded data frame, and means (5) for transforming the channel-coded data frame into a burst to be transmitted on the communication path, character- ized in that the system comprises further means (4) for modifying the channel-coded data frame by removing part of it and/or by replacing part of it with part of the information to be transmitted, and means (11 ) for reconstructing the transmitted information at the receiving stage from the received, modified channel-coded data frame. 13. A system according to claim 12, characterized in that the system comprises further means (4) for inserting the information bits to the data frame before channel coding. 14. A system according to claim 12, characterized in that the system comprises further means (4) for inserting the information bits to the data frame after channel coding. 15. A system according to claim 12 or 14, wherein the information element is divided into a first information element and a second information element, characterized in that the means (4) for modifying the channel-coded data frame comprise means (4) for replacing part of the channel-coded data frame with the second information element. 16. A system according to claim 12, wherein the information element is divided into a first information element and a second information ele¬ ment, characterized in that the means (4) for modifying the channel- coded data frame comprise means (2) for replacing part of the control element with the second information element. 17. A mobile station provided with means (1 , 2, 3, 5, 6, 7) for transmit¬ ting information by data transmission in the form of a data frame which comprises at least an information element, in which at least part of the information to be transmitted is arranged to be placed, and a control element, and which mobile station comprises means (3) for conducting channel coding of the data frame in order to form a channel-coded data frame, and means (5) for forming a burst to be transmitted on a com¬ munication path from the channel-coded data frame, characterized in that the mobile station comprises further means (4) for modifying the channel-coded data frame by removing part of it and/or by replacing part of it with part of the information to be transmitted. 18. A mobile station according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises further means (4) for inserting the information bits to the data frame before channel coding. 19. A mobile station according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises further means (4) for inserting the information bits to the data frame after channel coding. 20. A base station provided with means (8, 9, 10, 12, 13) for receiving information by data transmission in the form of a data frame which comprises at least an information element, in which at least part of the information to be transmitted is arranged to be placed, and a control element, and which base station comprises means (9, 10) for trans¬ forming a burst arranged to be received from the communication path into a channel-coded data frame, characterized in that the base sta¬ tion comprises further means (11) for reconstructing the transmitted in¬ formation at the receiving stage from the received, modified channel- coded data frame. 21. A base station according to claim 20, characterized in that it comprises further means (4) for reconstructing part of the transmitted information before channel decoding. 22. A base station according to claim 20, characterized in that it comprises further means (4) for reconstructing the transmitted information after channel decoding.

Inventors: HAEMAELAEINEN JARI, JOKINEN HARRI, JYRKKAE KARI, HAEMAELAEINEN, JARI, JOKINEN, HARRI, JYRKKAE, KARI
Applicants: HAEMAELAEINEN JARI, JOKINEN HARRI, JYRKKAE KARI, NOKIA MOBILE PHONES LTD, HAEMAELAEINEN, JARI, JOKINEN, HARRI, JYRKKAE, KARI, NOKIA MOBILE PHONES LTD.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: H03M13
IPC codes: H03M13, H04L1, H04L29, H04Q7