Portable diving computer

Abstract: Diving computer comprising a pressure sensor (4), a timer (5), a processing unit (6) and a display screen (2), which processing unit (6) processes the pressure and time data according to a given algorithm and shows on the display screen (2) at least the data relating to how long the diver can stay at a given depth within the decompression curve, said computer being provided with one or more means for signalling an alarm; said means (602,612) for signalling an alarm include means for producing permanent visual signals differentiated according to the seriousness of the errors made, which signal means are controlled by the processing unit.

Description: The present invention relates to diving computers. The generic term "computer" is used in the field of diving equipment for those kinds of devices that include a processing unit which uses a given algorithm to process the data about length of time underwater and depth, supplied, respectively, by a timer which is started at the beginning of the dive and a pressure sensor. From its calculations, the processing unit then produces an output consisting of how many more minutes the diver can stay before deviating from the decompression curve, which relates the length of time spent underwater to the depth. Auxiliary data are also provided, such as the amount of time spent underwater and the greatest depth reached. When the values deviate from the decompression curve, whether through some accidental error or a deliberate act, the so-called computer has the capacity to give an acoustic and/or visual signal. It is designed to detect dangerous situations and to respond by emitting an alarm in a large number of cases, as many as ten or more in the more sophisticated models. In addition, many computers are able to store the dive history in the memory of the processing unit, and even to annotate errors committed. From US-A-4 782 338 a diving computer comprising a pressure sensor, a timer, a processing unit and a display screen is known, which processing unit processes the pressure and time data according to a given algorithm and shows on the display screen at least the data relating to how long the diver can stay at a given depht within the decompression curve, said computer being provided with means signalling an allarm, whereby said means include visual means for monitoring the danger of accumulated dissolved gas in tissues, which visual signal means are controlled by the processing unit. However, the devices described above present the drawback of not keeping a sort of "list" of errors committed visible throughout the dive. The danger of this is that an accumulation of small errors can expose the diver to serious danger. Moreover, the system generally fails to discriminate between more serious errors and minor errors, which it reports without distinguishing between them. It is an object of the invention to provide a computer capable of distinguishing more serious errors from those that are less serious, giving a permanent indication of both, and also calculating the accumulation of these errors and the effect of such accumulation on diver safety. The subject of the invention is therefore a diving computer comprising a pressure sensor, a timer, a processing unit and a display screen, which processing unit processes the pressure and time data according to a given algorithm and shows on the display screen at least the data relating to how long the diver can stay at a given depth within the decompression curve, said computer being provided with one or more means for signalling an alarm, including means for producing permanent visual signals controlled by the processing unit, characterized in that the control of the operation of said signal means by said processing unit involves comparing the errors made during the dive, classifying the seriousness of said errors, storing them, counting the errors according to their seriousness and permanently signalling the errors made. Thanks to the above features, it is possible to direct the attention of the diver to a number of under water behaviour errors which - per se - may not cause serious harms, as the formation of microbubbles or of slight phenomena of embolism or which simply may not be recommended to a not very expert diver. Therefore, the computer according to the invention performs what may be termed an underwater behaviour analysis, rather than simply the signalling of true errors, through the monitoring of not-recommended behaviours, even if same do not constitute serious errors. That is, it signals also behaviours which may not be recommended to a careful diver. A second important aspect of the computer according to the invention is that of the illumination of the computer. Many underwater istruments may be illuminated. However, none of them has the possibility of a permanent illumination, that is an illumination during the whole time of diving. According to the invention, the said permanent illumination may be obtained thanks two main factors, namely: 1) The use of alkaline batteries, which may be easily replaced, easily obtaned and at low costs. With three of such batteries it is possible to obtain about 30 hours of illumination. 2) The use of a double consent in order to avoid fortuitous illuminations. In fact, the computer is programmed in such a manner that the the illumination takes place in continuous manner only if controlled through the double consent of two push buttons which may be operated under water. Further advantages and features of the device according to the invention will be made clear by the following detailed description of an embodiment thereof. This description, which is intended as a non-limiting example, refers to the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 is an elevation of the diving computer according to the invention; Figure 2 is a block diagram of the operation of the computer according to the invention; and Figure 3 is a flow chart showing how the data are processed in the computer according to the invention. Figure 1 shows a diving computer according to the invention. The 1 denotes the case containing the device. This case has a display screen 2 containing the various displays for the values supplied by the computer, in the present case, for example, the dive duration display 102, the water temperature display 402, the depth display 302, the display 202 of greatest depth reached, the displays 502 and 512 of the data processed by the computer for the length of time permissible within the decompression curve, and the alarm signals 602 and 612 for serious errors and minor errors respectively. The screen also has a light 20 controlled by the button 30, which has a lock button 31, the two being positioned on opposite sides of the case 1; when pressed together, the two buttons provide continuous illumination of the display screen. Devices of this kind are normally fitted with illumination which comes on at the press of a button and ceases when the button is released. The introduction of the lock button 31 is intended to make the computer more convenient to use in deep water; when the button 30 is depressed a second time, the lock provided by the button 31 is disengaged and the illumination ceases. The locking action of the button 31 can be produced either by means of a mechanical locking action, in which case the button 30 could provide locking means of this type itself, such as for example a lock screw, or by means of an electronic lighting lock circuit. Also on one side of the case 1 is the key 40 for controlling the functions of the computer. Shown diagrammatically in Figure 2 is the operation of the computer according to the invention. The computer, in a manner known per se, comprises the pressure sensor 3, the temperature sensor 4, the timer 5, the processing unit 6 and the display screen 2 which contains the displays illustrated in Figure 1 and shown here in block form. The sensors 3 and 4 and the timer 5 send their data, suitably preprocessed in suitable transducers 103, 104 and 105 respectively, both to the processing unit 6 and to the corresponding displays, namely to the display 102 for the timer 5, to the display 302 for the pressure sensor 3, which gives the depth readout in metres, and to the temperature value of the display 402 for the sensor 4. The acquired data are processed using one of the known algorithms taking account of a number of different standard tissues for nitrogen saturation. The processing unit 6 then produces the data, displayed at 502 and 512, which concerns at least the remaining permissible time at the depth reached if the decompression curve is to be kept to. If the operations of the diver do not keep to safe values, the unit 6 sends a signal to the alarm displays 602 and 612, which may for example be two series of light-emitting diodes, or may equally well be liquid crystal displays. The procedure for signalling errors is illustrated in more detail in the flow chart shown in Figure 3. In the processing unit 6, the data acquired and processed in the step identified by the numeral 106 are compared in 206 with the safe values; then, if the processed data derived from them satisfies the conditions of the decompression curve it is shown in the displays of the display screen 2. If however this relationship is not satisfied, the outputs are reexamined from the point of view of the seriousness of the error in 306 and also stored in the light of this assessment. The visual alarm signal of the two displays 602, 612 is permanent, and a subsequent error by the diver, with a display of the type illustrated diagrammatically in the Figures, will light up the next section of the display scale. The processing unit 6 can also add together two or more minor errors when their seriousness gives rise to a risk equal to a more serious error. The diving computer thus designed allows the diver to see, quickly and at any time, what errors have been committed, with a clear reference to their relative seriousness and to their cumulative seriousness.

Claims: Diving computer comprising a pressure sensor (3), a timer (5), a processing unit (6) and a display screen (2), which processing unit processes the pressure and time data according to a given algorithm and shows on the display screen (2) at least the data relating to how long the diver can stay at a given depth within the decompression curve, said computer being provided with one or more means for signalling an alarm, including means for producing permanent visual signals (602, 612) controlled by the processing unit (6), characterized in that the control of the operation of said visual signal means (602, 612) by said processing unit involves comparing the errors made during the dive, classifying the errors by seriousness, storing them, counting the errors on the basis of their seriousness and permanently signalling the errors made. Diving computer according to Claim 1, in which said visual signal means (602, 612) comprise at least one series of visual signal components. Diving computer according to Claim 2, in which said visual signal components are light-emitting diodes. Diving computer according to Claim 2, in which said visual signal components are liquid crystal displays. Diving computer according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that said display screen (2) is provided with means of illumination (20), controlled by means of at least a first button (30). Diving computer according to Claim 5, in which said control button (30) is provided with mechanical lock means for locking the illumination on. Diving computer according to Claim 5, in which electronic means are provided for locking and unlocking the illumination, controlled by operating said first button (30) and a second button (31) simultaneously.

Inventors: GAROFALO GIOVANNI, GAROFALO, GIOVANNI
Applicants: HTM SPORT SPA, HTM SPORT S.P.A.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: B63C11
IPC codes: B63C11