Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus

Abstract: Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus, comprising a box-like body (1) containing the device that regulates the admission of air from the first reducing stage, fitted with a mouthpiece (4) through which the said air is inhaled and an outlet (3) through which the exhaled air is discharged, the said air-regulating device comprising a chamber (501) in which the regulating valve is located and a chamber (401) that communicates with the surrounding water, the said chambers (501, 401) being separated by a diaphragm (10) that controls the regulating valve, with the said chamber (401) that communicates with the surrounding water being delimited by the said diaphragm (10) and by a wall (101) provided with a plurality of apertures (111, 121); the said apertures (111, 121) are provided with means (201) that break up the flow of fluid through the latter.

Description: The present invention relates to underwater breathing apparatus, and in particular to regulators for underwater breathing apparatus. Regulator devices are known which comprise a box-like body containing the device that regulates the admission of air from the first reducing stage, fitted with a mouthpiece through which the said air is inhaled and an outlet through which the exhaled air is discharged, the said air-regulating device comprising a chamber in which the regulating valve is located and a chamber that communicates with the surrounding water, the said chambers being separated by a diaphragm that controls the regulating valve. The chamber that communicates with the surrounding water is generally delimited by the diaphragm and by a wall, usually consisting of a removable cover, provided with a plurality of apertures through which the water enters the said chamber. With regulators of this type, when the diver is moving at speed through the water for any length of time, or when there are strong currents, the water pressure generated by the speed of the movement may spuriously deflect the diaphragm through the apertures in the cover, causing the regulating valve to be activated erroneously and therefore, in the final analysis, wasting breathable air. From GB-A-2 233 237 amongst others, i.e, : BE-A-674 659 a regulator for a safety breathing apparatus for firemans or the like is known, the body of which is provided with apertures and is surrounded by a dust cover provided with dust filtering elements covering said apertures. It is evident that the said dust filtering elements cannot be used on a regulator for underwater breathing apparatuses, since they would become immediately obstructed and thus would prevent the operation of the regulator. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a regulator in which the water entering the chamber that communicates with the surrounding water is able to generate, inside the said chamber, a pressure consistent with the ambient pressure, but not adversely affected by the diver's movements. The subject of the present invention is therefore a regulator comprising a box-like body containing the device that regulates the admission of air from the first reducing stage, fitted with a mouthpiece through which the said air is inhaled and an outlet through which the exhaled air is discharged, the said air-regulating device comprising a chamber in which the regulating valve is located and a chamber that communicates with the surrounding water, the said chambers being separated by a diaphragm that controls the regulating valve, with the said chamber that communicates with the surrounding water being delimited by the said diaphragm and by a wall provided with a plurality of apertures, characterized in that the said apertures are provided with a plurality of grille elements that break up the flow of fluid through the latter. Advantageously, the said grille elements, which are made of plastic or metal, are attached to the individual aperture or, alternatively, are in the form of a single wall of grille material that is able to control all the apertures. Additional advantages and characteristics will become more apparent on reading the following description of an embodiment of the present invention, which description is given by way of non-limiting example for illustrative purposes, with reference to the appended drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the regulator according to the invention; and Figure 2 is a view, in partial longitudinal section, of a variant embodiment of the regulator according to the invention. Figure 1 shows a regulator according to the invention, with the reference 1 denoting the box-like body of the regulator. Connected to this body are a mouthpiece 4, a discharge outlet 3 and an air-intake pipe 2 connected via the hose 102 to the first stage of the breathing apparatus, not shown in the figure. The box-like body 1 comprises a cover 101 into which the purge button 301, known per se and illustrated in greater detail below, is inserted axially. The cover 101 has a plurality of radial openings 121 and a plurality of axial openings 111, through which the grille 201 can be seen. Figure 2 shows a variant embodiment of the regulator according to the invention, in longitudinal section. The same reference numerals have been used for similar parts. The figure shows the purge button 301 fitted with the elastic-return spring 311, which button enables a pressure to be exerted via its end 321 on the diaphragm 10 that controls the lever 20 of the air-regulating valve, in a way known per se and therefore not described in greater detail. This diaphragm 10 separates the chamber 401, delimited by the cover 101 and communicating with the surrounding water via the abovementioned openings 121 in the said cover, and the chamber 501 in which the said regulating valve is located. In the variant embodiment illustrated in this figure, the grille 201, in the shape of a continuous spherical segment, is located adjacent to the external surface of the cover 101. The following text describes how the regulator according to the invention works. As is known, regulators of the type described above allow the inflow of air to the mouthpiece 4 to be regulated such that the influence of the external pressure is taken into account. To this end, the diaphragm 10 is located in a chamber that communicates with the surrounding water. However, as already mentioned above, the diver's movement may accentuate the effects of the external pressure - even to a very considerable degree - on account of the flows that are set up through the openings, in particular through the axial openings 111, and that act on the diaphragm. By inserting a grille 201 next to the apertures, these flows are broken up, thereby minimizing the abovementioned drawback. The pressure generated by the water inside the chamber 401 is thus solely dependent on the diver's depth and is not adversely affected by the diver's speed. As shown in Figure 2, the grille still fulfils the function described even if it is located outside the cover 121. Of course, the flow break-up means can comprise the grille as illustrated and described, but may also comprise grille elements that are attached directly to each aperture in the cover 101, such as break-up elements made integrally with the said cover, that is to say so that the surface of the apertures in the cover of the regulator's box-like body are formed by a grille or in a similar manner. The regulator produced in this way overcomes the drawbacks of known devices of the prior art, enabling the pressure of the gas delivered to be effectively corrected with respect to the external pressure, with the effects due to the diver's speed of movement having been eliminated from the latter.

Claims: Regulator for underwater breathing apparatus, comprising a box-like body (1) containing the device that regulates the admission of air from the first reducing stage, fitted with a mouthpiece (4) through which the said air is inhaled and an outlet (3) through which the exhaled air is discharged, the said air-regulating device comprising a chamber (501) in which the regulating valve is located and a chamber (401) that communicates with the surrounding water, the said chambers (501, 401) being separated by a diaphragm (10) that controls the regulating valve, with the said chamber (401) that communicates with the surrounding water being delimited by the said diaphragm (10) and by a wall (101) provided with a plurality of apertures (111, 121), characterized in that the said apertures (111, 121) are provided with a plurality of grille elements (201) that break up the flow of fluid through the latter. Regulator according to Claim 1, in which the said grille elements (201) are attached to the said apertures (111, 121). Regulator according to Claim 1, in which the said grille elements (201) are formed integrally with the said wall (101). Regulator according to Claim 1, in which the said grille element (201) that is located adjacent to the internal surface of the said wall (101) delimiting the said chamber (401) and is securely attached to the latter. Regulator according to Claim 1, in which the said grille (201)is in the form of a continuous grille element that is located adjacent to the external surface of the said wall (101) delimiting the said chamber (401) and is securely attached to the latter.

Inventors: GAROFALO GIOVANNI, GAROFALO, GIOVANNI
Applicants: HTM SPORT SPA, HTM SPORT S.P.A.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: B63C11
IPC codes: B63C11