AGRICULTURAL SEPARATING DEVICE AND AGRICULTURAL SEPARATOR

Abstract: An agricultural separating device has a starshaft (7) comprising a row of resilient starwheels (2) mounted on a rotatable shaft. Rings (5) formed of resilient material are mounted between adjacent starwheels (2) so as to provide deformability and additional grip for material being separated and drawn down between the starwheels and thereby facilitate self-cleaning of the starshaft (7).

Description: Agricultural Separating Device and Agricultural Separator The present invention relates to an agricultural separating device and an agricultural separator including such a device. It is well-known in the agricultural field to use starwheels when separating materials, eg clod and/or stones from root vegetables or bulbs, eg during harvesting, in de-stoning machines and also in static cleaning or grading equipment. Starwheels have a plurality of resiliently deformable "fmgers" arranged around a central hub and are at present formed from polyurethane or rubber, but could be formed from any other suitable material. In use, a plurality of starwheels are mounted on a rotatable shaft, commonly known as a "starshaft". During use, damp soil may stick to the starwheels, or hard material, eg stones, may become jammed between the starwheels. This will reduce separation and produce wear of the starwheels. GB 2 145 612 discloses two parallel starshafts arranged upstream of a counter rotating clod roller for use in separating clod and/or stones from root vegetables or bulbs. In practice, the fingers of the starwheels of adjacent starshafts are staggered and fit into the gaps between the starwheels of the adjacent starshaft. In such a position, the starshafts are said to be "interleaved". When separating potatoes, potato haulm can become wrapped around the starshafts, and interleaving the staι-shafts provides a degree of self-cleaning. It is also known from EP 0 410 808 to arrange starshafts in a lifting conveyor. Although the starwheels may be interleaved, it is particularly advantageous in a de- stoning machine for there to be a radial gap between the ends of the fmgers of the starwheels of adjacent starshafts, ie the starwheels of adjacent starshafts are not interleaved. There is, therefore, no self-cleaning of the starshafts. An object of the present invention is to provide starshafts in which self-cleaning is facilitated. The invention provides an agricultural separating device having a starshaft comprising a row of resilient starwheels mounted on a rotatable shaft, wherem rings formed of resilient material are mounted between adjacent starwheels so as to provide deformability and additional grip for material being separated and drawn down between the starwheels and thereby facilitate self-cleaning of the starshaft. The effect of providing resilient rings between adjacent starwheels is to enlarge the boss diameter of the starwheels without reducing the length, and therefore flexibility, of the fmgers of the starwheels. By enlarging the boss diameter, the area between starwheels into which separated material (soil, small stones and plant material) can be lodged is reduced, thereby reducing the build up of material, and also allowing self-cleaning with a lesser degree of interleaving ofthe starwheels. The agricultural separating device may be used in any agricultural separator, eg in a stone and/or clod separator, in a machine for separating clod and/or stones from root vegetables or bulbs, in a harvester and also in static cleaning equipment. The invention also provides an agricultural separator having first and second adjacent, parallel starshafts each comprising a plurality of flexible starwheels mounted on rotatable shafts, the starwheels on the first starshaft being staggered relative to the starwheels on the second starshaft to allow interleaving of the starwheels of the first and second starshafts, and a clod roller downstream of the second starshaft in a direction of movement, in use, of material being separated, wherein the clod roller and second starshaft are movable as a unit relative to the first starshaft so as to vary the degree of interleaving between the starwheels of the first and second starshafts or create and vary a radial spacing between the tips of the fingers of the starwheel of the first and second starshafts. Such a separator allows adjustment between a first position in which the starwheels are interleaved for self-cleaning, eg during separation of clod and/or stones from potatoes, and a position in which the starwheels of adjacent starshafts are not interleaved, eg during harvesting carrots. The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows in plan view parts of two interleaving starshafts of an agricultural separator, Figure 2 shows in side view a resilient ring of the separator of Figure 1 , Figure 3 shows in side view a starwheel of the separator of Figure 1 , Figure 4 shows diagrammatically in side view an agricultural separator in which one of the starshafts and the clod roller are movable together as a unit relative to an interleaved starshaft, and Figure 5 shows diagrammatically in side view the separator of Figure 4 in which the starwheels of the starshafts have been separated. In Figure 1 , a first starshaft 1 comprises a plurality of starwheels 2 mounted on a shaft (not shown). Each starwheel 2 has a boss 3 and a plurality of curved, radially-extending resilient fingers 4, as can be seen also from Figure 3. The starwheels are preferably formed from polyurethane or rubber with a resilience depending on the particular use, but could be formed of any other suitable material. As can be seen from Figure 1, the sides of the bosses 3 of adjacent starwheels 2 abut each other and form a spacer between the fingers of adjacent starwheels. Resilient rings 5 are mounted on the bosses 3 between adjacent starwheels 2 so as to extend radially along 40-80% of the radial length of the fingers 4, preferably approximately 50%. The rings 5 are formed from resilient material, eg polyurethane, rubber or any other suitable material having a maximum hardness of substantially 90 Shore A, and preferably about 60 Shore A or less. The rings are sufficiently resilient to provide additional grip whilst stones and other material are being drawn down between the starwheel fingers 4. There is a clearance play between the inner diameter of the ring 5 and the bosses 3 to facilitate fitting of the ring, although this is not essential. As can be seen from Figure 1 the sides of the fingers 4 of the starwheel 2 taper inwardly away from the rings 5 in a radially outward direction, so as to provide a gap 13 between the ring 5 and the fingers 4, which increases in a radially outward direction. This allows lateral flexing of the fingers 4 when a stone is drawn down between the starwheels. However, the rings 5 would still function reasonably well if the gaps 13 were absent, ie if the sides ofthe fingers 4 were parallel. As can be also seen from Figure 1, a second starshaft 6 is arranged parallel to and adjacent the starshaft 1. The starwheels of the starshafts 1 and 6 are staggered so that the fingers 4 of the starwheels 2 of one starshaft enter the gaps between the starwheels 2 of the adjacent starshaft. The starwheels of adjacent shafts 1 and 6 are said to be "interleaved". As already explained, the resilient rings 5 shown in Figures 1 and 2 may be mounted on starshafts incorporated in an agricultural separator, eg in a root-crop harvester (eg a potato harvester), a de-stoning machine, or in static cleaning or grading apparatus. In Figures 4 and 5 an agricultural separator is shown having a pair of adjacent, parallel starshafts 7, 8 arranged upstream of a parallel clod roller 9, which may be arranged to rotate in the same direction as the starshafts 7, 8 (eg when harvesting carrots) or in the opposite direction (eg when harvesting potatoes). The starshafts 7, 8 shown in Figures 4 and 5 are similar to the starshafts 1, 6 shown in Figure 1 , ie they each have a plurality of starwheels 2 having bosses 3 and resilient fingers 4. They also have resilient rings 5 arranged on the bosses 3 between adjacent starwheels, although these rings are not essential and may be omitted altogether. The downstream starshaft 8 and the clod roller 9 are mounted in the separator as a unit, which is pivotable as a unit about an axis 10 to enable the starshaft 8 to be moved away from the starshaft 7 to alter the degree of interleaving therewith. As can be seen from Figure 5, the pivoting movement may be such as to remove the interleaving altogether, so that there is a radial gap 11 between the tips of the fingers 4 of the starwheels 2 of the starshafts 7 and 8, eg when separating carrots; the pivoting movement may be used to adjust this gap depending on the materials being separated. Thus, the separator shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be used for separating both carrots and potatoes. When separating potatoes the starwheels are interleaved as shown in Figure 4, whereas when separating carrots the starwheels are as shown in Figure 5. As already explained, the separator shown in Figures 4 and 5 preferably has the resilient rings 5 mounted on the bosses 3 of the starwheels 2, although the separator will operate without the rings 5. Alternatively, the separator shown in Figures 4 and 5 could be operated as shown in Figure 5, and moved into the interleaving position of Figure 4 merely for self- cleaning between periods of operation. An advantage of the separator as shown in Figures 4 and 5 is that tlie starshafts 7. 8 can be moved apart without altering the overall length of a separating conveyor. When the separator as shown in Figure 4 is used for harvesting potatoes, the counter-rotating clod roller 9 tends to force potato haulm into the gaps between the starwheels 2 ofthe starshaft 8. Interleaving of the starwheels 2 ofthe starshafts 7 and 8 is necessary to remove this haulm. Furthermore, if resilient rings 5 are also arranged on the starshafts 7, 8 between the starwheels 2, the degree of interleaving required to produce self-cleaning is substantially less. The group of the starshafts 7, 8 and clod roller 9 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be arranged in series with one or more similar groups to form a separating surface in which the downstream starshaft and clod roller of each group are pivotable as a unit relative to the respective upstream starshaft. Thus, in Figures 4 and 5 the starshaft 12 shown on the left of each Figure could be the upstream starshaft of a further group comprising two starshafts and a clod roller.

Claims: Claims: 1 ) An agricultural separating device having a starshaft comprising a row of resilient starwheels mounted on a rotatable shaft, wherein rings formed of resilient material are mounted between adjacent starwheels so as to provide deformability and additional grip for material being separated and drawn down between the starwheels and thereby provide self-cleaning of the starshaft. 2) An agricultural separating device as claimed in Claim 1 , wherein the rings are mounted on bosses of adjacent starwheels with clearance play between the rings and the bosses to facilitate mounting of the rings on the bosses. 3) An agricultural separating device as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein there is a gap between the sides of the fingers and the ends of the rings to facilitate lateral flexing of the fmgers. 4) An agricultural separating device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer diameter of the rings is such that they extend radially along 40-80% ofthe radial length of the fingers of the starwheels. 5) An agricultural separating device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rings are formed of rubber or polyurethane. 6) An agricultural separating device as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims, wherein the rings have a maximum hardness of substantially 90 Shore A. 7) An agricultural separating device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherem the rings have a hardness of substantially 60 Shore A or less. 8) An agricultural separating device substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings. 9) An agricultural separator including an agricultural separating device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims. 10) An agricultural separator including at least two agricultural separating devices as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the starshafts are arranged adjacent and parallel to each other. 1 1) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 10. wherein the starwheels of the starshafts are staggered and the tips of the starwheels of the adjacent starshafts interleave. 12) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 10, wherein the starwheels of the starshafts are staggered and the tips of the starwheels of the starshafts are spaced in a radial direction. 13) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 10, 1 1 or 12, wherein a clod roller is arranged adjacent and parallel to the downstream starshaft in the direction of movement, in use, of material being separated. 14) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 13, wherein the clod roller and the downstream starshaft are movable as a unit relative to the adjacent upstream starshaft so as to vary the degree of interleaving between the starwheels of the said upstream and the downstream starshafts or to create or vary a radial spacing between the tips of the fingers of the starwheels of the said upstream and downstream starshafts. 15) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 14, wherein the clod roller and the said downstream starshaft are pivotally movable relative to the said upstream starshaft. 16) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 15, wherein the clod roller and the said downstream starshaft are pivotally movable about an axis above and upstream of the said downstream starshaft. 17) An agricultural separator having first and second adjacent, parallel starshafts each comprising a plurality of flexible starwheels mounted on rotatable shafts, the starwheels on the first starshaft being staggered relative to the starwheels on the second starshaft to allow interleaving ofthe starwheels of the first and second starshafts, and a clod roller downstream of the second starshaft in a direction of movement, in use, of material. being separated, wherein the clod roller and second starshaft are movable as a unit relative to the first starshaft so as to vary the degree of interleaving between the starwheels of the first and second starshafts or to create or vary a radial spacing between the tips of the fingers of the starwheels of the first and second starshafts. 18) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 17, wherein the clod roller and second starshaft are pivotally movable relative to the first starshaft. 19) An agricultural separator as claimed in Claim 18, wherein the clod roller and second starshaft are pivotally movable about an axis above and upstream of the second starshaft. 20) An agricultural separator substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Inventors: WESTON DAVID BOOTH, WESTON, DAVID, BOOTH
Applicants: TRP SCOTLAND LIMITED, TRP (SCOTLAND) LIMITED
Application year: 1997
Main classification: A01D17
IPC codes: A01D17, A01D33, B07B1