Apparatus for modifying and supplying liquid nutritional feeding composition

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition. Said apparatus comprises 1) chamber (5) for receiving a beneficial agent for modifying a liquid nutritional feeding composition, the chamber having an inlet (7) connectable to a container (5) containing the nutritional feeding composition and an outlet (13) connectable to a feeding means (8,9) and a pumping means associated (3) with the chamber for pumping said nutritional feeding composition from the container into the chamber and back to the container for mixing the beneficial agent into the nutritional feeding composition before connecting the outlet (13) of said chamber to the feeding means (8,9). It is preferred that the chamber (3) comprises at least one flexible wall capable of being squeezed and released for pumping of the nutritional feeding composition. The invention also relates to a method for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition.

Description: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition, in particular to its modification by adding a beneficial agent to the liquid feeding composition, before feeding said liquid feeding composition. It is known to enterally or intravenously feed liquid nutrition to patients who are not able to eat by themselves. Such liquid meals are normally provided in hangable containers such as bottles or plastic bags and are fed from the containers through a tube to the patient. A number of different liquid nutritional feeds are available for the variation of the nutritional intake of the patient. Nevertheless, there is a need for a tailoring of the liquid meals to the patient's individual needs. This is known to be done by adding beneficial agents such as for example nutrients, probiotics and medicaments to the liquid nutritional feed. The adding of such beneficial agents should, for some applications, preferably take place just before the feeding starts as a premature mixing of the liquid nutritional feed and the beneficial agent may considerably increase the quality and shelf-life of the liquid nutritional feed. The liquid meals provided in hangable containers such as bottles or plastic bags are generally aseptically processed or terminally retorted before use. This increases the shelf life of the liquid meal. For providing an aseptic feed to the patient, the container is connected directly via a feeding tube or line to the patient. Any opening of the system for adding a beneficial agent increases the risk for bacterial growth or contamination. A closed-line system for the modifying and feeding of patients is therefore desirable. The prior art (WO-A-96/21415 or WO-A-96/21418 from Abbott Laboratories) discloses closed-line systems wherein a liquid nutritional feeding composition is passing through a chamber comprising a beneficial agent to the patient feeding line. The beneficial agent is mixed or dissolved in the liquid nutritional feeding composition when it is passing through the chamber. In order to homogenise the feed to the patient in this type of feeding system and thus prevent an over concentration of the beneficial agent, it is necessary to control the release of the beneficial agent. Consequently, a beneficial agent in controlled release form is used, i.e. an agent the solubility of which is delayed or retarded. For example the supplying of the liquid nutritional feed releases the beneficial agent over a period of 2 to 24 hours. Furthermore, although the controlled release form allows the beneficial agent to be released over a period, in-homogeneity may be experienced in the start-up phase due to the protective coating on the beneficial agents. Document EP-A-0 696 448 , base for the preamble of claims 1 and 11, shows a chamber filled with dissolving liquid and a container containing médication. In use, the wall of the chamber is pressed to transfert a part of the dissolving liquid into the container and after mixing the wall of the container is pressed to move the liquid back to the chamber. It is an object of the invention to provide an improved system for modifying and feeding a homogeneous mixture of a liquid nutritional feed and a beneficial agent. In particular to provide a delivery useable for the beneficial agent in a non-controlled release form. It is a further object of the invention to provide a closed-line system for modifying and feeding a mixture of a liquid nutritional feed composition and a beneficial agent allowing the operations to take place without opening the system to bacteria or contamination. Accordingly, in a first aspect, the invention concerns an apparatus for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition according to claim 1. Thus, the present invention provides an apparatus for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition which allows the addition of a beneficial agent to the liquid feed immediately before the feeding commences, which addition of the beneficial agent is done without an opening and reclosing of the system. The mixing of the beneficial agent to the liquid feeding is conducted by pumping means arranged to pump liquid feed from the container into the chamber and liquid and beneficial agent back into the container. After end mixing, the chamber is connected to feeding means for feeding of the mixture to the patient. It has been found that a homogeneous modification and feeding can be obtained with the feeding system according to the invention. Furthermore, it has been found that the mixture of liquid feed and the beneficial agent is stable during 48 hours' feeding. According to the invention, the pumping means is adapted to vary the volume of the chamber being used for pumping of the nutritional feeding composition. The chamber comprises at least one flexible wall capable of being squeezed and released for pumping of the nutritional feeding composition. For example, the wall of plastic material the flexibility of which allows a deformation of the wall. In order to obtain an appropriate pumping effect and thus limit the number of pumping cycles necessary for the mixing of the beneficial agent with the liquid, the chamber should not be too full of the beneficial agent. Conveniently, at least 30% of the volume of the chamber is empty in the un-squeezed state. Preferably, the volume of beneficial agent constitutes from 5% to 70%, preferably from 30% to 50% of the volume of the chamber. The limits of the ratio filled and un-filled volume will depend on the solubility of the product. The liquid nutritional feeding composition is of a conventional type. The liquid nutritional feeding composition may comprise from 0 to 25% protein, from 0 to 50% lipids, and from 0 to 60% carbohydrates. For example, it comprises about 15% protein, about 35% lipids, and about 50% carbohydrates. The water content is preferably from 70 to 95% by weight. The chamber may be delivered as a sealed unit comprising the beneficial agent. Alternatively, the chamber may be filled with the beneficial agent at the location where the treatment is to take place. The connections between the container, the chamber, and the feeding means are preferably as follows: the inlet is provided with a hollow spike for piercing of a port of the container and creating a fluid path for the nutritional feeding composition. The feeding means comprises a hollow spike for piercing the outlet of the chamber and creating a fluid path for the nutritional feeding composition with the beneficial agent. The piercing of the outlet of the chamber is done after end mixing. The present system of connection allows for an on-line feeding of an aseptic liquid nutritional feeding composition with a beneficial agent. The flow of the container to and through the feeding tube means may be due to gravity alone, but preferably the flow from the container to and through the feeding tube means is assisted by a pump. The beneficial agent is dispersible in the nutritional liquid feed. By dispersible is understood, soluble as well as agents that are suspendable so as to be mixed with the liquid feed and forwarded herewith. The beneficial agent or agents is/are e.g. selected from the group consisting of nutrients, probiotics, medicaments and diagnostic tracer or a physiological combination thereof. It is preferred that the or each beneficial agent is dispersible in the nutritional feeding composition in less than 1 min, more preferably in less than 30 sec. For beneficial agents that are stable in liquid conditions, the agents may be provided in liquid form. Even if the beneficial agent is stable in a certain liquid formulation, a mixture of the liquid nutritional feeding composition and the liquid beneficial agent may not be stable for a longer period, thus the apparatus according to the invention may advantageously be used. For enteral feeding the beneficial agents are cleaned but there is no need for a sterile product. However, for intravenously fed liquid, the beneficial agent must be sterilised. The beneficial agent preferably comprises nutrients selected from the group consisting of glutamine, vitamins, arginine, fermentable and non-fermentable dietary fibres, enzymes, oligo elements, combinations of amino acids, oligosaccharides, short chain fatty acids, salts, structured lipids, d-cyroinositol, lactoferrin, marine oils and acidulents, antioxidants or a combination thereof. The apparatus according to the invention may advantageously be used for enteral or intravenous feeding. For intravenous feeding the beneficial agent is sterilised. In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method according to claim 8 for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition comprising, connecting a chamber, of the kind described above, to a container comprising a liquid nutritional feeding composition, pumping liquid feeding composition into the chamber, and liquid nutritional feeding composition and the beneficial agent back to the container to mix with the nutritional feeding composition, connecting the feeding means, and allowing the modified nutritional feeding composition to flow through the chamber into the feeding means. The present invention will now be described in further detail by way of examples only with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which Fig. 1 is a principle drawing illustrating enteral feeding of a patient with an apparatus according to the invention, Fig.2 is a cross-sectional principle drawing of the chamber for receiving a beneficial agent, and Fig. 3 shows a measure of levels of beneficial agent in a feed. Fig. 1 shows an apparatus 1 according to the invention arranged for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feed 6 to a patient, not shown in the drawings. The apparatus 1 comprises a chamber 3 containing a beneficial agent. The chamber 3 is connected to a container 5 containing the nutritional feeding composition 6 via an inlet 7. An outlet 13 in the chamber 3 is connected to feeding tubes 8 and 9 which serve to lead the modified feeding composition to the patient. The feeding tube 9 extends through the nasal path and to the stomach of the patient. Pumping means is provided in the form of the chamber 3 which has a flexible wall structure 12 for pumping the liquid feeding composition 6 into the chamber 3 and back to the container 5 so as to modify the liquid feeding composition 6. In order to assure attachment between the parts 5, 7, 8, 9 and 13, conventional fastening means 17 and 18 are provided. Furthermore, a pump 10 to assist the flow from the outlet 13 and flow regulation means 11 are provided. Fig. 2 illustrates a chamber 3 according to the invention. The chamber 3 comprises an inlet 7 and an outlet 13. A chamber wall 12 is provided in a flexible plastic e.g. soft Polycinyl Chloride and a rigid lid 14 is made from a harder plastic e.g. hard Polycinyl Chloride. In the present embodiment the inlet 7 is defined in the lid 14. The lid 14 may e.g. be sealed onto the wall 12 by ultrasonic welding or provided with threads and screwed 4 onto the wall 12. Before use, the chamber 3 the inlet 7 and the outlet 13 are closed by thin membranes 15 and 16. For the initial mixing of a beneficial agent with a liquid feeding composition, the inlet's membrane 15 is first pierced when being connected to the container 5 shown in Fig. 1. Upon end pumping and mixing, the tube feeding 8 of Fig. 1 is to be connected to the chamber 3 which results in a piercing of the outlet's membrane 16. EXAMPLE 1 Several liquid nutritional feeding compositions are modified and fed by 1) connecting containers of liquid, feeding to a flexible chamber according to the invention, by piercing the port in the container with the spike of the container, 2) pumping liquid from the container to the chamber and back again by squeezing and releasing the chamber 3 to 5 times, and 3) connecting the feeding means by piercing the outlet of the chamber, thus feeding the modified liquid feed composition to the feeding means. The flow is by gravity or assisted by a pump. Tests are for example carried out feeding 1)12 g glutamine as beneficial agent constituting about 60% of the volume of the chamber with 500 ml or 1 L liquid feed. 2) 1 g pro-biotic as beneficial agent constituting about 5% of the volume of the chamber with 500 ml or 1 L liquid feed. 3) 12 g glutamine mixed with 1 g pro-biotic as beneficial agent constituting in total about 65% of the volume of the chamber with 500 ml or 1 L liquid feed. The liquid feeds are commercially available products such as Réabilan HN, Réabilan, Sondalis ISO, and Sondalis HP supplied by Nestlé S.A. Switzerland. The modified feed is inspected and characterised as homogeneous. EXAMPLE 2 - Stability The stability of the mixture of the liquid nutritional feeding composition and the beneficial agent are controlled by the level of beneficial agent is measured by means of a calorimetric method (Kit Boehringer). Mixtures of liquid nutritional feeding composition and beneficial agent are fed and samples are stored e.g. 24 hours and 48 hours and the level of beneficial agent is measured. For example, the stability of Sondalis ISO and Réabilan HN comprising Glutamine are measured over a period: Sondalis ISO Réabilan HN T= 0h 12,9 g/l 14,6 g/l T= 24h 12.6 g/l 13,5 g/l T= 48h 12.5 g/l 12,9 g/l The measurements show that the Glutamine is stable above a level of 12 g/l after 48 hours. EXAMPLE 3 - Homogenisation A homogeneity of the modified liquid nutritional feeding composition is controlled by mixing the beneficial agent or agents with the liquid nutritional feeding composition by pumping 5 times the liquid into and out of the chamber. The feeding tube or line is connected to the chamber and an enteral pump running at 100 ml/h, corresponding to a continuous nutrition (24h/42h). During the feeding, after each 50 ml fed, the level of beneficial agent is measured by means of a calorimetric method (Kit Boehringer). Fig. 3 shows the amount of beneficial agent in a feed, in the example in question the beneficial agent is Glutamine in a 500 ml in 4 different liquid feeding composition. It is apparent from the figure that the Glutamine level is homogeneously about 12-14 g/l during the feeding period. EXAMPLE 4 In order to verify that the geometry of the liquid containing container did not influence the homogenisation of the modified feed, trials are conducted with drip-pack, plastic pouches, and glass bottles. No difference in the homogeneity was detected from the various containers.

Claims: An apparatus for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition comprising, a chamber (3) having an inlet (7) connectable to a container (5) and an outlet (13) connectable to a feeding means, (8) and a pumping means associated with the chamber(3) characterized in that the chamber comprises a beneficial agent for modifying a liquid nutritional feeding composition of the container and the pumping means is adapted for pumping said nutritional feeding composition and the pumping means comprises at least one flexible wall (12) of said chamber capable of being squeezed and released for pumping of the nutritional feeding composition from the container (5) into the chamber (3) and back to the container (5) and the volume of the chamber is partly empty of the beneficial agent to effect pumping of the nutritional feeding composition from the container (5) into the chamber (3) and back to the container (5) for mixing the beneficial agent into the nutritional feeding composition. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chamber comprises at least one beneficial agent selected from the group consisting of nutrients, probiotics, medicaments (and diagnostic agents) or a (physiological) combination thereof. An apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the volume of beneficial agent constitutes from 5% to 70% of the volume of the chamber. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inlet is provided with a hollow spike for piercing of a port of the container and creating a fluid path for the nutritional feeding composition. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the feeding means comprises a hollow spike for piercing the outlet of the chamber and creating a fluid path for the nutritional feeding composition with the beneficial agent. Use of an apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5 for modifying and enterally supplying of liquid nutritional feeding composition. Use of an apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 6 for modifying and intravenous supplying of liquid nutritional feeding composition. A method for modifying and feeding a liquid nutritional feeding composition comprising, connecting a chamber according to any of claims 1 to 2 to a container comprising a liquid nutritional feeding composition, pumping liquid feeding composition into the chamber and liquid nutritional feeding composition and beneficial agent back to the container to mix the nutritional feeding composition, connecting the feeding means to the chamber, and allowing the modified nutritional feeding composition to flow through the chamber into the feeding means. A method according to claim 8, wherein the flow from the container to and through the feeding tube means, is due to gravity. A method according to claim 8, wherein the flow from the container to and through the feeding tube means, is assisted by a pump. Device for modifying and supplying liquid nutritional feeding composition comprising a container (5) comprising a liquid nutritional feeding composition, a chamber (3) having an inlet (7) connected to the container (5) and an outlet (13) connected to a feeding means (8), and a pumping means associated with the chamber (3) characterized in that the chamber comprises a beneficial agent for modifying a liquid nutritional feeding composition of the container and the pumping means is adapted for pumping said nutritional feeding composition and the pumping means comprises at least one flexible wall (12) of said chamber capable of being squeezed and released for pumping of the nutritional feeding composition from the container into the chamber and back to the container and the volume of the chamber is partly empty of the beneficial agent to effect pumping of the nutritional feeding composition from the container into the chamber and back to the container for mixing the beneficial agent into the nutritional feeding composition.

Inventors: BOURGUIGNON MICHEL, BOURGUIGNON, MICHEL
Applicants: NESTLE SA, SOCIETE DES PRODUITS NESTLE S.A.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: A61J1
IPC codes: A61J1, A61M5