AIR CUSHION

Abstract: A three-dimensional air cushion (1) having a sealed outer peripheral edge of a geometric shape. The projected area of the hollow interior (10) sealed by the outer peripheral edge is smaller than the upper surface area of the air cushion. Air chambers (10) are provided in an upper surface and a lower surface of the cushion, giving excellent buffering function. Two opposite sides of the cushion have a level higher than an intermediate portion to force an object in protect, or a shock source, to move to the center, with the shock energy converted into side support energy, thus obtaining great stability.

Description: AIR CUSHION Background of the Invention Common sportswear such as sneakers, protective pads, helmets, etc, have used traditional sponge, foam rubber, or polymer compositions as shock-absorbing materials. Air inflated cushions have gradually been taking the place of these traditional materials, utilizing gas or liquid contained in an air cushion for absorbing shocks. An air cushion is generally made of two sheets placed one on the other and sealed tightly at outer circumferential edges to form a hollow interior inflated with a gas or a liquid. Another kind of air cushion is made by means of an injection molding process to produce a three dimensional air cushion with a hollow interior and then inflating air chambers provided therein with a gas or a liquid. A cushion as shown in Figure 1 is made of two sheets placed one on the other and fused together to have an upper flat surface. When a shock is imparted to its surface, it is received on a spot of the cushion and then dispersed gradually to other surfaces. This kind of cushion absorbs only a little shock, and therefore required for energy dispersion is comparatively large. In addition, its center of gravity is high so that instability produced by shock is accordingly increased. As can be understood from the stabilizing principles of physics, a cushion with a flat surface can barely support an exterior high force. Such a cushion can only have a shock-absorbing function for an object the cushion is protecting. A hollow three dimensional cushion as shown in Figure 2, made by means of an injection molding process, may have a curved upper surface for contacting an object protected by it, but the cushion does not have a structure of shape memorization, and has to rely on an exterior layer added on its surface to form its upper curved surface. The whole curved surface of the cushion is nearly under the lower surface of the object protected, i.e. a shocking surface so that when a shock or a pressure is added to the surface of the cushion by the object, the shock or pressure force cannot be dispersed to two sides, as the cushion is provided with no higher side walls than the height of the cushion. Therefore a shock energy it receives is only temporarily converted into a side effect, limited in absorbing and stabilizing shock, which is not an ideal structure for a cushion. Summary of the Invention The main purpose of the invention is to offer an air cushion with a better structure for shock-absorbing and stability. A three dimensional air cushion according to the invention is shown in Figure 3, intended to have the following advantages. 1. Comparatively higher sides, two or three of which are provided with air chambers extending from a center portion so that the air cushion and an object it protects may contact with a curved surface so that dispersion of a surface receiving shock may be increased to minimize moving shock energy, and to maximize a compressible area, and consequently to obtain the largest shock-absorbing effect. 2. It can sufficiently convert shock energy added on an intermediate upper surface into outer side support energy. 3. When shock or pressure disappears, the side support energy can completely return to the point of the shock, forming a rebound energy producing an excellent rebounding effect. The buffer-functioning and shock-absorbing effect of air cushions according to the invention has been tested by SATRA FOOTWEAR TECHNOLOGY CENTER in England, and proved to be so far the best structural design for practical use. Brief Description of the Drawings This invention will be better understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional air cushion with an upper flat surface as in the present invention; Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional air cushion with an upper curved-down surface as in the present invention; Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 4 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 4a is an alternate embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in Figure 4a; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in Figure 7; Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a third preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 10 is a perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Figure 10; Figure 12 is a perspective view of a fifth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in Figure 12; Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth preferred embodiment of an air- cushion of the present invention; Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a seventh preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of various air cushions of the invention practically utilized in a sneaker; Figure 17 is a perspective view of a eighth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Figure 18 is a perspective view of a ninth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; and Figure 19 is a perspective view of a tenth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments A three dimensional air cushion of the present invention can be formed as a heel air cushion as shown in Figure 4, a foot bottom air cushion as shown in Figure 10 or a shoe sole air cushion as shown in Figure 12, not limited in its shape, and adaptable to sneakers, protective pads, helmets, etc. A first preferred embodiment of a three dimensional air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 4, 4a, 5 and 6, includes one or more independent air chambers 10 or communicated air chambers 10 with passageways 11. Every air chamber 10 can extend to two opposite sides of the cushion body 1, forming a three dimensional inner upper surface an a lower flat smooth curved surface not protruding into the air chambers 10. The sealed peripheral edge of the cushion body 1 can be of a geometric shape. The hollow interior surrounded by the sealed peripheral edge has a projected surface area smaller than the upper surface area of the cushion body 1. The cushion body 1 is of a curved shape occupying a three dimensional space, adaptable to be inwardly recessed or having swollen curved cushions. A second preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, includes a cushion body 1, one or more air chambers as the first preferred embodiment, with one or more recessed elongated grooves 12 provided in a lower surface so as to form a three dimensional recessed surface, and the upper surface is formed flat and smooth with a curvature. A third preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, is formed almost the same as the second preferred embodiment, but with one or more elongated grooves 12 formed both on the upper surface and the lower surface. A fourth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10 and 11, includes a cushion body 1, formed to support a foot bottom, having elongated grooves 12 formed in an upper surface or in a lower surface as shown in Figure 8, or in both the upper and the lower surface as shown in Figure 9. As this foot bottom air cushion is to be fixed in an intermediate portion of a sneaker, the two opposite sides are curved upwardly in a preset angle, different from the three dimensionally curved inward or swollen air cushion described above. The special feature of this air cushion is that the inner surface area is smaller than the outer surface area, and each elongated groove 12 of each air chamber 10 has two ends with a projected line extending nearly vertically to the projected elevational surface of the groove. A fifth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 12 and 13 includes an air cushion for use in a toe region of a foot bottom. A sixth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 14, includes an outer layer 2 of a different material from the cushion body 1 added on the cushion body 1 of the first preferred embodiment, but also adaptable to other air cushions. A seventh preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 15 includes an outer layer 2 of a different material from the cushion body 1 added on the cushion body of the third preferred embodiment shown in Figure 9. The air chambers 10 provided in a cushion body 1 of the various preferred embodiments can be filled with a gas, or a liquid, as the air cushion 1 itself is a hollow sealed body. In addition, a one-way air valve and pump device may be attached with the air cushion body 1 for filling its interior with a needed pressure with a gas or a liquid. An eighth, ninth and tenth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 17-19, includes a fluid inlet 15, including a valve 13 (as shown in Figure 17) or two valves 13 (as shown in Figure 18) located on opposite sides of a pump device 14. Figure 16 shows the three air cushions shown in Figures 4, 10 and 12, adapted to be used on a sneaker. The air cushions can be used without or with an outer layer added, with a wide variation of details. Besides, recessed grooves in an upper surface and/or a lower surface can be made independent or connected with each other. Referring to Figure 3, the air chambers 10 of the air cushion 1 extend to two curved-up opposite sides, having a curved surface contacting an object protected by it, increasing the dispersing shock-bearing surface to produce a minimum moving of shock energy and comparatively large compressible dimensions to produce maximum shock- absorbing effect. When the air cushion 1 receives a downward shock, the shock pressure will disperse to the two higher sides so that the two opposite higher sides receive larger pressure to produce a clamping effect against the object or the shock source. Then the object, for example a foot, will be moved to the center of the air cushion. In other words, the air cushion can automatically clamp the object or the shock source towards its center and consequently obtain the largest stability. If the shock disappears, the dispersed pressure to the two sides will move back to the location of the shock, forming a rebounding force, and thus giving the air cushion an excellent shock-absorbing function. While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be recognized and understood that various modifications may be made therein and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications which may fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims: CLAIMS WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A three dimensional air cushion comprising: at least one air chamber having a sealed peripheral edge and a geometric shape, a hollow area surrounded by said sealed peripheral edge, and a projected area of said hollow area being smaller than a surface area of said air cushion. 2. A three dimensional air cushion comprising: at least one air chamber having a sealed peripheral edge and a geometric shape, and an inner surface area of said air cushion being smaller than an outer surface area of said air cushion. 3. A three dimensional air cushion comprising: at least two air chambers communicating with each other, and at least one elongated recessed groove separating said air chambers, said at least one elongated recessed groove having two ends, each of said two ends having a surface extending generally vertically to a projected elevational surface of said at least one recessed grove. 4. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one air chamber has two opposite sides extending upward to have an upper end with a higher level than an intermediate portion of said at least one air chamber. 5. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one air chamber has two opposite sides extending upward to have an upper end with a higher level than an intermediate portion of said at least one air chamber. 6. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein said at least two air chambers have two opposite sides extending upward to have an upper end with a higher level than an intermediate portion of said at least two air chambers. 7. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one air chamber is sealed. 8. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one air chamber is sealed. 9. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein said at least two air chambers are sealed. 10. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air chamber has a one-way valve to communicate with open air. 11. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein said air chamber has a one-way valve to communicate with open air. 12. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein said air chambers have a one-way valve to communicate with open air. 13. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove and a lower surface is flat and smooth. 14. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein an upper surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove and a lower surface is flat and smooth. 15. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein an upper surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove and a lower surface is flat and smooth. 16. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lower surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove, and a upper surface is flat and smooth. 17. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein a lower surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove, and a upper surface is flat and smooth. 18. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein a lower surface is provided with at least one recessed elongated groove, and a upper surface is flat and smooth. 19. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper surface and a lower surface are provided with at least one recessed elongated groove. 20. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein an upper surface and a lower surface are provided with at least one recessed elongated groove. 21. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein an upper surface and a lower surface are provided with at least one recessed elongated groove. 22. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 19, wherein said elongated recessed grooves provided in said upper surface and lower surface are connected with each other. 23. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 20, wherein said elongated recessed grooves provided in said upper surface and lower surface are connected with each other. 24. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 21, wherein said elongated recessed grooves provided in said upper surface and lower surface are connected with each other. 25. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air cushion is a component in one of a shoe, a sneaker, a protective pad, and a helmet, for providing a buffer and shock-absorbing effect. 26. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, wherein said air cushion is a component in one of a shoe, a sneaker, a protective pad, and a helmet, for providing a buffer and shock-absorbing effect. 27. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, wherein said air cushion is a component in one of a shoe, a sneaker, a protective pad, and a helmet, for providing a buffer and shock-absorbing effect. 28. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 1, further including an inlet for filling fluid. 29. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 2, further including an inlet for filling fluid. 30. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 3, further including an inlet for filling fluid. 31. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 28, further including a valve device. 32. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 29, further including a valve device. 33. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 30, further including a valve device. 34. The three dimensional air cushion as claim in claim 28, further including a pump device. 35. The three dimensional air cushion as claim in claim 29, further including a pump device. 36. The three dimensional air cushion as claim in claim 30, further including a pump device. 37. The three dimensional air cushion as claims 28, wherein said air chamber is filled with a liquid fluid. 38. The three dimensional air cushion as claims 29, wherein said air chamber is filled with a liquid fluid. 39. The three dimensional air cushion as claims 30, wherein said air chambers are filled with a liquid fluid. 40. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 28, wherein said air chamber is filled with semi-liquid fluid. 41. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 29, wherein said air chamber is filled with semi-liquid fluid. 42. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 30, wherein said air chambers are filled with semi-liquid fluid. 43. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 28, wherein said air chamber is filled with foam material. 44. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 29, wherein said air chamber is filled with foam material. 45. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 30, wherein said air chambers are filled with foam material. 46. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 28, wherein said air chamber is filled with a gas other than air. 47. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 29, wherein said air chamber is filled with a gas other than air. 48. The three dimensional air cushion as claimed in claim 30, wherein said air chambers are filled with a gas other than air.

Inventors: HUANG ING-JING, HUANG, ING-JING
Applicants: HUANG ING JING, IDEA INC, HUANG, ING-JING, IDEA INC.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: A43B7
IPC codes: A42B3, A43B7, A43B13, A43B21, A43B23, A63B71, F16F9