Valve timing control device

Abstract: A valve timing control device comprising, a rotor (30) fixed on a cam shaft (10) of an engine, a housing member (50) rotatably mounted on the cam shaft (10) so as to surround the rotor (30), a chamber R0 defined between the housing member (50) and the rotor (30) and having a pair of circumferentially opposed walls (55,56), a vane (40) mounted on the rotor (30) and extended outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chamber (R0) so as to divide the chamber into a first pressure chamber (R1) and a second pressure chamber (R2), a fluid supplying means (100) for supplying fluid under pressure to at least a selected one of the first pressure chamber (R1) and the second pressure chamber (R0) and a force means (92,93,107) for expanding one of the first pressure chamber (R1) and the second pressure chamber (R2).

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve timing control device and in particular to the valve timing control device for controlling an angular phase difference between a crank shaft of a combustion engine and a cam shaft of the combustion engine. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, valve timing of a combustion engine is determined by valve mechanisms driven by cam shafts according to a characteristic of the combustion engine or a specification of the combustion engine. Since a condition of the combustion is changed in response to the rotational speed of the combustion engine, however, it is difficult to obtain optimum valve timing through the whole rotational range. Therefore, a valve timing control device which is able to change valve timing in response to the condition of the combustion engine has been proposed as an auxiliary mechanism of the valve mechanism in recent years. A conventional device of this kind is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,858,572. This device includes a rotor which is fixed on the cam shaft, a drive member which is driven by the rotational torque from a crank shaft and which is rotatably mounted on the cam shaft so as to surround the rotor, a plurality of chambers which are defined between the drive member and the rotor and each of which has a pair of. circumferentially opposed walls and a plurality of vanes which are mounted to the rotor and which extend outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chambers so as to divide each of the chambers into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber. In this device, fluid under pressure is supplied to a selected one of the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber in response to the running condition of the combustion engine and an angular phase difference between the crank shaft and the cam shaft is controlled so as to advance or retard the valve timing relative to the crank shaft. The fluid under pressure is delivered from an oil pump. The valve timing control device is in the maximum advanced condition when each of the vanes contacts with one of the opposed walls of each of the chambers. On the other hand, the valve timing control device is in the maximum retarded condition when each of the vanes contacts with the other of the opposed walls of each of the chambers. In the above prior art device, when the combustion engine is stopped, the oil pump stops delivering the fluid under pressure. The amount of fluid under pressure in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber decreases with the lapse of time. Then, when the combustion engine is restarted, there is not enough fluid under pressure in the chambers. Therefore, each of the vanes rotates to retard the valve timing and crashes into the opposed wall of its chamber. The sound of the crash is distressing for the driver and passengers but can be avoided according to the invention. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved valve timing control device without the foregoing drawback. Further, if the cam shaft for controlling some exhaust valves is attached to the above prior art device, the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valves is delayed because of the above operation of retarding the valve timing. It makes an overlap phenomenon bigger. The overlap phenomenon means the exhaust valves and the intake valves are opening at the same time. When the induction stroke of the combustion engine takes place during the overlap phenomenon, the sucked charge (fuel and air) from the intake port is discharged through an exhaust port before being ignited by the spark plugs so as to burn irregularly and pollute the exhaust gas. In a preferred aspect the invention avoids the above drawback. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a valve timing control device comprising: a rotor fixed on a cam shaft of an engine, a housing member rotatably mounted on the cam shaft so as to surround the rotor, means for driving the housing member from a rotational output of the engine; a chamber defined between the housing member and the rotor and having a pair of circumferentially opposed walls; a vane mounted on the rotor and extending outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chamber so as to divide the chamber into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber; a fluid supplying means for supplying fluid under pressure selectively to one of the first and second pressure chambers thereby establishing a pressure differential between said pressure chambers so as to effect relative rotation between the rotor and the housing member; and means for locking the rotor and the housing member in a predetermined relative angular disposition and for selectively releasing that locking engagement; CHARACTERIZED IN THAT a spring element is provided within the device to urge the rotor towards the angular position in which it is locked. The foregoing and additional features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof when considered with reference to the attached drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of a valve timing control divide in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view in FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention; . FIG. 3 is a section taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 4 is a section taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 5, 6 and 7 are three view similar to FIG.4, showing various modifications; and FIG. 8 is a sectional view, similar to FIG. 1 of the second embodiment of a valve timing control divide in accordance with the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODI MENTS A valve timing control device in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a valve timing control device of the first embodiment includes an exhaust cam shaft 10, a sensor plate 20, a rotor 30, a plurality of vanes 40 and a housing 50. The exhaust cam shaft 10 is rotatably mounted on a cylinder head 80 of an engine E. The exhaust cam shaft 10 has two circular grooves 14, 15. Both the circular grooves 14, 15 are formed so as to maintain a predetermined distance between each other. Both the sensor plate 20 and the rotor 30 are fixed to the projecting end of the exhaust cam shaft 10 by a bolt 90. The sensor plate 20 has three short projections 21, 22, 23 in the circumferential direction and a long projection 24 in the circumferential direction as shown FIG. 2. The sensor plate 20 has a rim 25. The rotor 30 has a plurality of grooves for inserting the vanes 40 as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7. One side end of the housing 50 is fixed to a timing pulley 70 and the other side end of the housing 50 is fixed to a side plate 71 by a bolt 91. Therefore, the housing 50, the timing pulley 70 and the side plate 71 act in a body. The timing pulley 70 is transmitted rotational torque via a belt 72 (or a chain 72) from a crank shaft 83 which is rotated by the engine E. A pin 60 is able to connect with between the rotor 30 find the housing 50 when the rotor 30 is in phase with the housing 50. The exhaust cam shaft 10 has a plurality of cams (not shown). Each cam makes an exhaust valve open and close. There is a passage 11 which is formed in exhaust cam shaft 10 at its axial centre and extends in the axial direction. One end of the passage 11 communicates with the circular groove 14 through a passage 13. The circular groove 14 communicates with a passage 81 which is formed in the cylinder head 80 of the engine E. On the other hand, there are a plurality of passages 12 which are formed in the exhaust cam shaft 10 and located on a coaxial circle about the axial centre of the shaft 10 and which extend in parallel in the axial direction. One end of the passages 12 communicates with the circular groove 15. The circular groove 15 communicates with a passage 82 which is formed in the cylinder head 80 of an engine E. Both. the passages 81 and 82. communicate with a fluid supplying device 100. The fluid supplying device 100 comprises a changeover valve 101, a fluid pump 102 and a. controller 103. In this embodiment, the changeover valve 101 is a. four port-three position type electromagnetic valve. The fluid pump 102 is driven by the engine E and discharges the fluid (=oil) for lubricating the engine E. The pump 102 may be a pump for lubricating the engine E. The passage 82 communicates with a port A of the changeover valve 101 and a passage 81 communicates with a part 8 of the changeover valve 101. A port P of the changeover valve 101 communicates with a discharge portion of the fluid pump 102 via a passage 105 and a port R of the changeover valve 101 communicates with a reservoir 104 via a passage 106. The position of the changeover valve 101 is controlled by the controller 103. in a first condition as shown in FIG. 1 the discharged fluid from the pump 102 is supplied to the passage 82 and the passage 81 communicates with the reservoir 104, in a second condition all the ports A, B, P, R are interrupted; in a third condition 1 the discharged fluid from the pump 102 is supplied to the passage 81 and the passage 82 communicates with the reservoir 104) are selectively obtained. The controller 103 controls the above conditions of the changeover valve 101 based on parameter signals such as engine speed, the opening level of a throttle valve (not shown) and so on. In the rotor 30 and the housing 50, a valve timing control mechanism V is mounted. The rotor 30 has a cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, the housing 50 has an inner bore, 54 and is rotatably mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 30 so as to surround the rotor 30. The housing 50 has the same axial length as the rotor 30 and is provided with a plurality of grooves 51 which are outwardly extended from the inner bore 54 in the radial direction and which are separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals The housing 50 is also provided with a plurality of holes 53 for penetration of the bolt 91. The holes 53 penetrate in the axial direction and are separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals. Thereby, a plurality of chambers RO which are separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals and each of which has a pair of circumferentially opposed walls 55 and 56 are defined along the rotor 30, the housing 50, the timing pulley 70 and the side plate 71. On the outer circumferential portion of the rotor 30, there are some grooves 31. The number of grooves 31 is equal to the number of chambers RO. Each of the grooves 31 extends inwardly therefrom in the radial direction. The grooves are located at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. The vanes that extend outwardly in the radial direction into the chambers RO are mounted in the grooves 31. Thereby, each of the chambers RO is divided into a first pressure chamber R1 and a second pressure chamber R2, both of which are fluidtightly separated from each other. The housing 50 has a hole 52 which extends in the radial direction. The hole 52 is able to accommodate the pin 60 which is pushed towards the rotor 30 by a coil-spring 61. The coil-spring 61 is supported by a clip 63 through a retainer 62. On the other hand, the rotor 30 on its outer circumferential surface has a hole 32 which extends inwardly thereof in the radial direction so as to accommodate the pin 60. The rotor 30 is provided with a plurality of first passages 34, a plurality of second passages 36, and a passage 35. The first passages 34 and the passage 35 are in communication. One end of each of the first passages 34 communicates with the passage 11 and the other end of the first passages 34 communicates with each of the first chambers R1. On the other hand, one end of each of the second passages 36 communicates with the passage 12 and the other end of the second passages communicates with each of the second chambers R2. There is a coil-spring 92. One end of the coil-spring 92 is connected with the rotor 30 and the other end of the coil-spring 92 is connected with the side plate 71 which is fixed to the housing 50. The outer surface of the rim 25 of the sensor plate 20 guides the coil portion of the coil-spring 92 as shown in FIG. 1. The operation of the valve timing control device having the above structure will now be described. The exhaust camshaft 10 is rotated counterclockwise by timing pulley 70. Thereby, exhaust valves (not shown) are opened and closed. The pressure of the fluid delivered from the oil pump 102 is increased. Fluid under the resulting pressure is supplied to the changeover valve 101. At the time, the changeover valve 101 is in the first condition as shown in FIG. 1, fluid is supplied to the chambers R2 via the passage 82, the passage 12 and second passages 36. Thereby, the vanes 40 are rotated in the counterclockwise direction, together with the rotor 30 and the exhaust cam shaft 10. Upon fitting of the pin 60 into the hole 32 of the rotor 30, such rotation is terminated. Thus, the cam shaft 10 is advanced through an angle relative to the crank shaft 83. On the other hand, for returning the exhaust cam shaft 10 from the advanced condition to the retarded condition, the vanes 40 are rotated in the clockwise direction by supplying fluid under pressure to the chambers R1 via the passage 81, the passage 11 and the first passages 34. Since the first passage 34 communicates with the passage 35, fluid under pressure supplied into the hole 32 urges the pin 60 fully into the hole 52 of the housing 50 as shown in FIG. 5, thereby releasing the connection between the rotor 30 and the housing 50. With increasing pressure in the chamber R1, the vanes 40 are rotated in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 7 via the condition shown in FIG. 6. During the retarding rotary movement of the vanes 40, fluid in each of chambers R2 is drained to the reservoir 104 through the passage 36, the passage 12, second passages 82 and the changeover valve 101. When the engine E is stopped, the fluid pressure in the chambers R1 and R2 is drained with the elapse of time through a non-illustrated clearance between the parts, for example, between the exhaust cam shaft 10 and the cylinder head 80. Therefore, the coil-spring urges the rotor 30 in the counterclockwise direction so as to fit the pin 60 into the hole 32 of the rotor 30. FIG. 8 illustrates a second embodiment, which specifically is a modified arrangement of a coil-spring 93. In FIG. 8, corresponding parts to those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. In this modified construction, the coil-spring 93 is arranged within the housing 50 between the rotor 30 and the timing pulley 70. The timing pulley 70 has a cylindrical hollow 74. The cylindrical hollow 74 accommodates the coil-spring 93 which one end thereof is connected with the rotor 30 and which the other end thereof is connected with the timing pulley 70 which is fixed to the housing 50.

Claims: A valve timing control device comprising: a rotor (30) fixed on a cam shaft (10) of an engine (E); a housing member (50) rotatably mounted on the cam shaft (10) so as to surround the rotor (30); means (70) for driving the housing member (50) from a rotational output of the engine (E); a chamber (R0) defined between the housing member (50) and the rotor (30) and having a pair of circumferentially opposed walls (55,56); a vane (40) mounted on the rotor (30) and extending outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chamber (R0) so as to divide the chamber into a first pressure chamber (R1) and a second pressure chamber (R2); a fluid supplying means (100) for supplying fluid under pressure selectively to one of the first and second pressure chambers (R1 and R2) thereby establishing a pressure differential between said pressure chambers (R1 and R2) so as to effect relative rotation between the rotor (30) and the housing member (50); and means (60) for locking the rotor (30) and the housing member (50) in a predetermined relative angular disposition and for selectively releasing that locking engagement; CHARACTERIZED IN THAT a spring element (92,93) is provided within the device to urge the rotor (30) towards the angular position in which it is locked. A valve timing control device according to claim 1, wherein the spring element (92,93) is a coil-spring (92,93) and one end of the coil-spring is fixed to the rotor (30), and the other end of the coil-spring is fixed to the housing member (50). A valve timing control device according to claim 2, wherein the rotor (30) and the housing member (50) are arranged between the coil-spring (92) and the engine. A valve timing control device according to claim 3, wherein the coil-spring is guided by a sensor plate (20) which is arranged at the end of the cam shaft (30). A valve timing device according to claim 2, wherein the coil spring (92,93) is a torsion spring. A valve timing device according to claim 2, wherein the coil spring (92,93) has an axis coincident with the axis of the camshaft (10). A valve timing control device according to claim 6, wherein the coil spring (92) is a cylindrically formed coil spring one axial end of which locates in a cylindrical recess in the rotor (30) and is anchored to the rotor, and the other axial end of which locates in a cylindrical space between a member (71) fast to the housing member (50) and a member (25) fast to the rotor (30). A valve timing control device accorsing to claim 6, wherein the coil spring (93) is a cylindrically formed coil spring which is located in a cylindrical hollow (74) in the driving means (70). A valve timing control according to any preceding claim, wherein the cam shaft (10) controls one or more exhaust valves of the engine (E) and the spring element (92,93) acts to bias the rotor (30) to an advanced valve timing condition.

Inventors: KATSUHIKO EGUCHI, KAZUMI OGAWA, KONGO AOKI, KATSUHIKO, EGUCHI, KAZUMI, OGAWA, KONGO, AOKI
Applicants: AISIN SEIKI, AISIN SEIKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1997
Main classification: F01L1
IPC codes: F01L1