Valve timing control device

Abstract: A valve timing control device (10) has a first pressure chamber (54,56,58,60,62) and a second pressure chamber (64,66,68,70,72) to rotate the vanes (52) and a fluid supplying means (112) for supplying fluid under pressure selectively to the first or the second pressure chambers in order to control the valve timing. The device further includes a locking means (42,98,44) for connecting together a housing member (18) and a rotor (22) and a cancelling means (96) for cancelling the locking means. The cancelling means (96) cancels the locking means (42,98,44) before the fluid supplying means (112) supplies fluid under pressure to the first pressure chamber or the second pressure chamber so that the locking means (42,98,44) is cancelled completely before the vanes (52) rotate to advance or retard the timing.

Description: Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve timing control device and, in particular, to the valve timing control device for controlling an angular phase difference between a crank shaft of a combustion engine and a cam shaft of the combustion engine. Background of the Invention In general, a valve timing of an internal combustion engine is determined by valve mechanisms driven by cam shafts according to either a characteristic or a specification of the internal combustion engine. Since a condition of the combustion is charged in response to the rotational speed of the combustion engine, however, it is difficult to obtain an optimum valve timing through the whole rotational range. Therefore, a valve timing control device which is able to charge a valve timing in response to the condition of the internal combustion engine as an auxiliary mechanism of the valve mechanism has been proposed in recent years. A conventional device of this kind is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent Number 4,858,572. This device includes a rotor which is fixed on the cam shaft, a drive member which is driven by the rotational torque from a crank shaft and which rotatably mounted on the cam shaft so as to surround the rotor a plurality of chambers which are defined between the drive member and the rotor and each of which has a pair of circumferentially opposed walls, a plurality of vanes which are mounted on the rotor and which extend outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chambers so as to divide each of the chambers into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, and a pin which is accommodated in a hole in the drive member and which is able to be inserted into a hole in the rotor by a coil spring. In this device, a fluid under pressure is supplied to a selected one of the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber in response to the running condition of the internal combustion engine and an angular phase difference between the crank shaft and the cam shaft is controlled so as to advance or retard the valve timing relative to the crank shaft. The fluid under pressure is delivered from an oil pump. The valve timing control device is in the position of the maximum advanced condition, when each of the vanes contacts with one of the opposed walls of each of the chambers. On the other hand, the valve timing control device is in the position of the maximum retarded condition, when each of the vanes contacts with the other of the opposed walls of each of the chambers. When the valve timing control device is in the position of the maximum retarded condition, the pin is inserted in the hole of the rotor by the coil spring. If the valve timing control device is to move to an advanced condition from the position of the maximum retarded condition, the pin is pulled out from the hole of the rotor by the fluid under pressure acting against the coil spring. In the above mentioned prior device, when the valve timing control device is to move to an advanced condition from the position of the maximum retarded condition, a part of the fluid under pressure supplied to the first and second pressure chambers which make the vanes rotate in order to advance the valve timing is also supplied to the chamber which makes the pin be pulled out from the hole against the coil spring. Accordingly, the fluid under pressure works at the chambers for rotating the vanes and at the same time the chamber for pulling out the pin. When the fluid pressure in the chambers for rotating the vanes is high enough to start rotating the vanes before the pin is pulled out from the hole completely, the rotor pushes the pin to the wall of the hole. The pin may stick in the hole and not come out from the hole. This causes the vanes not to be able to rotate. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved valve timing control device without the foregoing drawbacks. In accordance with the present invention, a valve timing control device comprises, a rotor fixed on a cam shaft of an engine, a housing member rotatably mounted on the cam shaft so as to surround the rotor, a plurality of chambers defined between the housing member and the rotor, each having a pair of circumferentially opposed walls, for each chamber, a vane mounted on the rotor and extended outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chamber so as to divide the chamber into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, a fluid supplying means for supplying fluid under pressure to a plurality of the first pressure chambers or a plurality of the second pressure chambers, a locking means for connecting the housing member and the rotor, and a cancelling means for completely cancelling the locking means, wherein during operation of the cancelling means, the fluid supplying means is prevented from supplying fluid to at least one of the plurality of the selected pressure chambers and only when the locking means has been completely cancelled and there has been relative rotation of the rotor with respect to the housing member does the fluid supplying means supply fluid to the entire plurality of the selected pressure chambers. In accordance with the present invention, the cancelling means cancels the locking means before the fluid supplying means supplies fluid under pressure to rotate the vanes. For example, if the locking means is a pin spanning aligned holes in the rotor and housing member to lock them against relative rotation, it is retracted wholly into one or other of the rotor and housing member before the vanes are caused to rotate to advance or retard the timing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing and additional features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof when considered with reference to the attached drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the embodiment of a valve timing control device in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 2 is a section taken along the line A - A in FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, showing various modifications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A valve timing control device in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a valve timing control device 10 of the embodiment includes an exhaust cam shaft 12, a rotor 22, a plurality of vanes 52 and a housing 18. The exhaust cam shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on a cylinder head of an engine E. The exhaust cam shaft 12 has two circular grooves 32, 34. Both the circular grooves 32, 34 are formed so as to maintain a predetermined distance between each other. The rotor 22 is fixed to the projecting end of the exhaust cam shaft 12 by a bolt 24. The rotor 22 has a plurality of grooves for inserting the vane 52 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. One side end of the housing 18 is fixed to a timing pully 14 and the other side end of the housing 18 is fixed to a side plate 20 by a bolt 16. Therefore, the housing 18, the timing pully 14 and the side plate 20 act in a body. The timing pully 14 receives rotational torque via a belt 102 (or a chain 102) from a crank shaft 104 which is rotated by the engine E. A pin 44 is able to connect between the rotor 22 and the housing 18 when the rotor 22 is in phase with the housing 18. The exhaust cam shaft 12 has a plurality of cams (not shown). Each cam makes the exhaust valves open and close. There are two passages 28,30 which are formed in the exhaust cam shaft 12 and extend in the axial direction. One end of the passage 28 communicates with the circular groove 32 through a passage 33. The circular groove 32 is communicated with a passage 106 which is formed in the cylinder head of an engine E. On the other hand, one end of the passage 30 communicates with the circular groove 34 through a passage 35. The circular groove 34 is communicated with a passage 108 which is formed in the cylinder head of an engine E. Both the passages 106 and 108 are communicated with a fluid supplying device. The fluid supplying device is comprised of a changeover valve 112, a fluid pump 114 and a controller 116. In this embodiment, the changeover valve 112 is a four port-three position type electromagnetic valve. The fluid pump 114 is driven by the engine E and discharges the fluid (=oil) for lubricating the engine E. The passage 108 is communicated to a port A of the changeover valve 112 and the passage 106 is communicated to a port B of the changeover valve 112. A port P of the changeover valve 112 communicates with a discharge portion of the fluid pump 114 via a passage 118 and a port R of the changeover valve 112 communicates with a reservoir 122 via a passage 120. The position of the changeover valve 112 is controlled by the controller 116 so that a first condition as shown in FIG. 1 in which the discharged fluid from the pump 114 is supplied to the passage 108 and in which the passage 106 communicates with the reservoir 122, a second condition in which all the ports A, B, P, R are interrupted, a third condition in which the discharged fluid from the pump 114 is supplied to the passage 106 and in which the passage 108 communicates with the reservoir 122 are selectively obtained. The controller 116 controls the above conditions of the changeover valve 112 based on parameter signals such as engine speed, the opening level of a throttle valve (not shown) and so on. In the rotor 22 and the housing 18, a valve timing control mechanism V is mounted therein. The rotor 22 has a cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the housing 18 has an inner bore 37 and is rotatably mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 22 so as to surround the rotor 22. The housing 18 has the same axial length as the rotor 22 and is provided with five grooves 38 which are outwardly extended from the inner bore 37 in the radial direction and which are separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals. The housing 18 is also provided with a plurality of holes 36 for penetration of the bolt 16. The holes 36 penetrate in the axial direction and separate in the circumferential direction at regular intervals. There are five chambers which are made of the grooves 38. The chambers are separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals and each of which has a pair of circumferentially opposed walls 37a and 37b. Therefore, each chamber is defined along the rotor 22, the housing 18, the timing pully 14 and the side plate 20. On the outer circumferential portion of the rotor 22, there are five grooves 23. The number of the grooves 23 is equal to the numbers of the chambers. Each of the grooves 23 extends inwardly therefrom in the radial direction and each of which is separated in the circumferential direction at regular intervals is formed thereon. Each of the vanes 52 that extend outwardly in radial direction into each of the chambers is mounted in each of the grooves 23, respectively. Thereby, each of chambers is divided into a first pressure chamber 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 and a second pressure chamber 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 both of which are fluid-tightly separated from each other. The housing 18 has a hole 50 which extends inwardly thereof in the radial direction and which is penetrated in the radial direction. The bottom end of the hole 50 has a small hole portion 42. The small hole portion 42 is able to accommodate a pin 44 which is pushed forward to the rotor 22 by a coil spring 40. The pin 44 has a large diameter portion 46 which engages in the hole 50. The coil spring 40 is supported in the hole 50 by a clip 48. On the other hand, the rotor 30 on the outer circumferential surface has a hole 98 which extends inwardly thereof in the radial direction so as to receive the pin 44. The rotor 22 is provided with five first passages 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, five second passages 84, 86, 88, 90, 92 and a passage 96. The first passages and the passage 96 are communicated. One end of each of the first passages 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, communicates with the passage 28. The other end of the passages 76, 78, 80 communicates with each of the first chambers 56, 58, 60. However, when the vanes 52 are contacted with the walls 37b as shown in FIG. 2, the other end of first passages 74 and 82 are not able to communicate with the first chambers 54 and 62. The other end of the first passage 74 and 82 is able to communicate with the first chambers 54 and 62 if the vanes 52 are not contacted with the walls 37b. On the other hand, one end of each of the second passages 84, 86, 88, 90, 92 communicates with the passage 30 and the other end of the second passages 84, 86, 88, 90, 92 communicates with each of the second chambers 64, 66, 68, 70, 72. The operation of the valve timing control device having the above structure will now be described. The exhaust cam shaft 12 is rotated clockwise by a timing pully 14. Thereby, exhaust valves (not shown) are opened and closed. The pressure of fluid delivered from the oil pump 114 is increased. Fluid under the resulting pressure is supplied to the changeover valve 112. At the time, the changeover valve 112 is the first condition as shown in FIG. 1, fluid is supplied to the second chambers 64, 66, 68, 70 and 72 via the passage 108, the passage 30 and second passages 84, 86, 88, 90 and 92. Thereby, the vanes 52 are rotated in the counterclockwise direction, together with the rotor 22 and the exhaust cam shaft 12. Upon fitting of the pin 44 into the hole 98 of the rotor 22, such rotation is terminated. Thus, the exhaust cam shaft 12 is retarded through an angle relative to the crank shaft 104. On the other hand, for returning the exhaust cam shaft 12 from the retarded condition to the advanced condition, the vanes 52 are rotated in the clockwise direction. The changeover valve 112 is changed into the third position and supplying fluid under pressure to the first passages 74, 76, 78, 80, 82 via passage 106 and passage 28. Since the first passages 74, 76, 78, 80, 82 are communicated with passage 96, fluid under pressure supplied into the hole 98 urges the pin 44 fully into the hole 50 of the housing 18. At the same time, fluid under pressure is supplied into the first chamber 56, 58 and 60 from the first passages 76, 78, 80. After the pin 44 is retracted into the hole 50 and the vanes 52 are a little rotated in the clockwise direction, fluid under pressure is then supplied into the first chambers 54 and 62 from the first passages 74 and 82. Therefore, releasing the connection between the rotor 22 and the housing 18 before with increasing pressure in the first chambers 54, 56, 58, 60 and 62 so as to make the vanes 52 rotate in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 3. During this advancing rotary movement of the vanes 52, fluid in each chamber 64, 66, 68, 70 and 72 is drained to the reservoir 122 through the second passages 84, 86, 88, 90 and 92, passage 30, passage 108 and the changeover valve 112.

Claims: A valve timing control device (10) comprising: a rotor (22) fixed on a cam shaft (12) of an engine (E) ; a housing member (18) rotatably mounted on the cam shaft (12) so as to surround the rotor (22); a plurality of chambers (38) defined between the housing member (18) and the rotor (22), each having a pair of circumferentially opposed walls (37a,37b); for each chamber (38), a vane (52) mounted on the rotor (22) and extending outwardly therefrom in the radial direction into the chamber (38) so as to divide the chamber (38) into a first pressure chamber (54,56,58,60,62) and a second pressure chamber (64,66,68,70,72); a fluid supplying means (112,114,116) for supplying fluid under pressure selectively to a plurality of the first pressure chambers (54,56,58,60,62) or a plurality of the second pressure chambers (64,66,68,70,72); and a locking means (42,98,44) for connecting the housing member (18) and the rotor (22); characterized by a cancelling means (96) for completely cancelling the locking means (42,98,44), wherein during operation of the cancelling means (96), the fluid supplying means (112,114,116) is prevented from supplying fluid to at least one of the plurality of the selected pressure chambers (54,56,58,60,62;64,66,68,70,72) and only when the locking means (42,98,44) has been completely cancelled and there has been relative rotation of the rotor (22) with respect to the housing member (18) does the fluid supplying means (112,114,116) supply fluid to the entire plurality of the selected pressure chambers (54,56,58,60,62;64,66,68,70,72). A valve timing control device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid supplying means (112) includes first fluid passage means (74,76,78,80,82) for supplying fluid under pressure into the or each of the first pressure chambers, and second fluid passage means (84,86,88,90,92) for supplying fluid under pressure into the or each of the second pressure chambers. A valve timing control device according to claim 2, wherein the locking means (42,98,44) comprises a pair of radially aligned holes (42,98) formed in the housing member (18) and rotor (22) respectively, and a pin (44) slidably received in one of the said radially aligned holes but urged by a spring (40) to extend from that hole into the other of the radially aligned holes, thereby to span the two radially aligned holes (42,98) and prevent relative rotation between the housing member (18) and rotor (22); and wherein the cancelling means comprises a third pressure chamber (96) for supplying fluid under pressure to the pin (44) so as to move it against the bias of the spring (40) until it no longer spans the two holes (42,98). A valve timing control device in claim 3, wherein the pin (44) is received in the hole (42) in the housing member (18) and extends in its locking condition, into the hole (98) in the rotor (22). A valve timing control device in claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the cancelling means includes an orifice located in the fluid supplying means, which is connected to the third pressure chamber (96).

Inventors: SATO ATSUSHI, SATO, ATSUSHI
Applicants: AISIN SEIKI, AISIN SEIKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1997
Main classification: F01L1
IPC codes: F01L1, F16D3