METHOD AND PRODUCTS TO ABSORB OIL AND ORGANIC SOLVENTS FROM WATER AND FROM SEA

Abstract: An original method to produce polymeric products is described, which after a special cross-linking become macroplegmatic and acquire ability to absorb organic solvents, petrol and petroleum and products which are released in the water basins or on the sea, 40-80 gram of oily matter/gram of polymer. The polymers to process are Polystyrene, trimeric copolymer with Styrene, Ethylene, Butadiene SEBS and hydrogenated to saturation elastomers SBR with Styrene 10 %, 20 % and 40 % wich are processed by special cross-linking in chlorinated solvents with cross-linking agent the 1,4 dichloromethyl -2,5 -dichloro benzene (DCDMDB) and with catalyst the Titanium Tetrachloride (Ti Cl4) where at 60 DEG is formed a thick cross-linked mass which is cut in a minced machine and is subjected to dry from solvent and to deodorise after heating at 170 DEG with stirring, under vacuum. Those products are brought in a net, in a polypropylene net and are swept on the surface of harbours and on the surface of sea collecting the oily matter and the petroleum by absorption endomolecularly and by external absorption adherence and then the loaded net is brought to a washing with petroleum to receive all absorbed oily matter as useful fuel and the net with the absorbing polymers is for new absorbing action for depolluting with recycling water and sea basins establishing ecological and aesthetic conditions of life.

Description: METHOD AND PRODUCTS TO ABSORB OIL AND ORGANIC SOLVENTS FROM WATER AND FROM SEA The release of organic solvents and of oil into the environment and in water basins leads to disasters. And the consequences of these accidents are to destroy the environment and the chains of life. A most critical such accident is created by the release of oil during the sea transportation of it because of sea accidents and because of release to the sea quantities of much pollution loads. Another such critical problem directly connected with life is the pollution loaded in sea ports and in enclosed seas around main cities which makes a standard case of destruction of sea life and of provoking the main aesthetics of life. Such pollution water loads are also formed in navigation rivers and in lakes by rejections of petroleum and oil in those water basins , and also in the pumping of petroleum in rivers, in lakes and in sea from the existing there petroleum wells where are created heavy pollution problems by rejecting high pollution loads of petroleum and of oily products into the water , creating problems of existence in water and in the areas around. The facing of those environmental problems is up to day unsuccessful or incorrect .For facing those accidents are used detergents with which the suspended petroleum and oils are emulsified to become bottom sludge deposits. To the sea basin are thus summed huge pollution loads in between and in Mediterranean sea with intense petroleum transportation traffic the pollution loading has become 0.3-0.8 grs/liter and the bottom sludge formed in between exceeds the 2.000 tons/ km3 which makes a World maximum. We have dealt in long lasting R & D work with that problem and we have in between developed a solution by which those water and sea pollution accidents are successfully faced because our solution works with absorption of the petroleum and of oils from sea and water surfaces and thus leads to their useful recycling. We have discovered, constructed and proved in praxis polymers multi-processed to become macro-plegmatic and we have proved that those operate with effective absorption of petroleum , of oil and of organic solvents in quantity 30 to 60 times their weight kept intermolecularly and with external absorption adherence absorb more quantities so that totally are collected high quantities of released petroleum and oils into the water basins. The operation of the action is organised with loading those absorption products into a net which is suspended in the water surface and operates like a broom and absorbs quantitatively and sweeps all the oily pollution loads which are transported in tanks where those are washed with petroleum and are collected as useful fuel. As absorbing products are used polymeric products resulted from Polystyrenes and copoly ers in a wide range of compositions so that can cover a wide variety of uses. These polymers are processed to become macro-plegmatic m structure designed to absorb organic solvents and oil endomolecularly in pure form or in mixtures according to existing conditions. The polymers bases in use are the following: Polystyrene which after special cross-linking becomes macroplegmatic with Mc 50.000 The trimeric copolymer SEBS (Styrene, Ethylene, Butadiene, Styrene ) which is specially cross-linked to become macroplegmatic. The elastomeric SBR fully hydrogenated with Styrene composition 10%, 20% and 40% which after special cross- linking gave macroplegmatic products of variation in absorbing capacities. The cross-linking is advanced in solutions containing those polymers 20-25% in chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents by weight such as dichloroethane with cross-linking agent the 1, 4-dichloromethyl-2, 5-dimethylobenzene- (DCMDMB) and for catalytic action is used tectrachlorotitane (TiCl4) in 10% solution in dichloroethane. The appearance of thickness that is the cross-linking result is related to the catalytic action which is added, however, in small quantities in drops and is effective in high solution volumes. SUBSTΓΓUTE SHEET (RULE 26) In the following Tables are given the results of the cross-linking agent to the polymer SEBS in weight ratio in reactions at 60o. To determine the absorption capacity is studied the porosity which was found to be low up to 4% of cross-linking agent and then is increasing. TABLE DMDMB ,% SEBS, resulted porosity (cm3/g ) 1 0 . 294 2 0 . 204 4 0 . 279 16 0.319 32 0.477 It was then studied the absorption capacity of organic solvents selected from market products , derived from petroleum Absorption of Toluene in water- PS C initial PPM C finalPPM 413,9 0.68 102,1 0.59 363,3 0.78 Absorption of Toluene Water-SEBS 410,4 0.4 319.6 0.39 119.9 0.37 Absorption of 1, 2-Dichloroethane - Water , SEBS 692,2 0.4 202,7 0.56 Absorption of Decane-water, SEBS 456,2 0.35 623,4 0.37 Absorption of Petrol-water , SBES 653,4 0.36 638,2 0.34 Absorption capacity of the different absorption products per gram. PS - - SEBS 4,5 7,5 9 .0 5,0 SBR (10) 50,0 45.0 40 .0 30.0 SBR (20) 48.0 40.0 38 .0 25.0 7 8 PS - - - 12 SEBS 8 9.0 6. 0 17 SBR ( 10 ) 32 . 0 29 . 0 33 . 0 36 SBR ( 20 ) 27 . 0 26 . 0 31 . 0 3 1 . 0 9 10 11 12 13 PS 17 28 25 18 18 SEBS 18 18 12 22 22 SBR ( 10 ) 37 - - 16 15 SBR ( 20 ) 32 - _ 12 13 1 n-pentane, 2 n-hexane , 3 n-octane , 4 isooctane, 5 n-nonane, 6 n-decane 7 n-dodecane , 8 benzene, 9 toluene, 10 chloroform, 11 carbon tetrachloride, 12 1,2 dichloroethane, 13 1,1,3 trichloroethane . With the above results which are successful and very useful we have studied the absorption capacity on oil surface pollution in harbours and the absorption capacity in sea. For those praxis trials the absorption polymers were placed in a polypropylene net in composition 20% PS, 30% SEBS, 30% SBR (10) and 20%$ SBR (20) and the results obtained were very impressive. And was proved that the sweeping was not due to endomolecular absorption but also due to external absorption adherance so that the collection of oily matter was much That load of oil matter is brought on a tank and is washed with petroleum by which all those oils are collected as useful fuels. That is this seeping action makes the pollution loads useful and the harbours and the sea are liberated from " oily and dirty matter and the ecology is overall improved. EXAMPLE 1 In a reactor of 0.5 m.3 capacity is brought dichloroethane 200 liter and is added the polymer SEBS 20 kg. and in the solution is added 1,4-dichromethyl -2,5- dichlorobenzene 100 grms and at 60o is added the catalyst TiCl4 as 10% solution. After agitation for 40 minutes the solution after the cross-linking becomes viscous and thick cannot be agitated further, Then is taken off and is cut in a minced machine and then is brought in a reactor for purification to coMmercial product. In that reaction is heated up to 170o under vacuum and stirring so that all the solvent is taken off And the polymeric product is completely deodorised. Under the same conditions is treated the Polystyrene and the SBR 10%, 20% and 40% in Stryrene fully hydrogenated to saturation and the addition of the cross-linking agent in 2% in all calculated on the benzene rings present, EXAMPLE 2 Products of example 1 in composition quantities cross- liked Polystryrene 30% , cross-linked SEBS 30% , cross- linked SBR 10% in Styrol , fully hydrogenated to saturation 20% and cross-linked SBR 20% in Styrene fully hydrogenated to saturation 20% are brought on a polypropylene net and are swept along on harbour surface .By sweeping the surface all oily matter is collected in quantity 20% absorbed endomolecularly and 80% external absorption-adherence. The net with the polymers loaded is brought to a tank and washed with petroleum and the oily matter is recycled as fuel and the absorption polymers are again in action. EXAMPLE 3 Products of example 1 in composition quantities 10% cross-linked Polystyrene , 30% cross-linked SEBS , 40% cross-linked SBR ,10% in Styrene fully hydrogenated to saturation, are brought to sweep a sea surface pollution. The oil surface swept was that apart of the main oxidised petroleum mass which is collected otherwise. The materials of the net swept successfully the sea surface being drawn by a boat. All the oily water is collected and the net was brought to a tank washing the net with petroleum to receive the absorbed oily matter which is recycled as fuel and the sea pollution is avoided. EXAMPLE 4 In a lake where is released petroleum and organic solvents from transportation and from drilling wells to pump petroleum, was brought the net of example 3 and is swept on the surface being drawn by a boat. The oily matter swept was by 25% endomolecularly absorbed and by 75% external absorbed-adhered It was brought in a tank and washed with petroleum to collect the oily absorbed matter as fuel and the net with the absorbing polymers was recycled to uses. EXAMPLE 5 The polypropylene net of example 4 is placed at the flow of a river the water of which contain oily matter. The action on the river was to collect all suspended oily matter and the water flow is established with natural pure water flow. 9 SUBSTTTUTESHEET(RULE26)

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Method for producing macroplegmatic polymeric products in form and in quality so that are capable to absorb organic solvents and petroleum in water with high ability 60-80 weight equivalents. 2. Method according to claim 1 by which the polymers that in form and in quality after special processing acquire potential to absorb organic solvents and petroleum derive from polystyrene, from trimeric copolymer of styrene, ethylene and butadiene SEBS (styrene, ethylene, butadiene, styrene) and from elastomeric SBR with 10%, 20% and 40% styrene completely hydrogenated to saturation, after processing to become macroplegmatic in structure . 3. Method according to claims 1 and 2 by which those polymers after processing with cross-linking form thick mass which is cut to pieces and is subjected to purification and to deodorisasion treatment in a special reactor with heating up to 170o under vacuum and under stirring. 4. Method according to claims 1 and 2 by which the polymers are subjected to cross-linking treatment in solutions in chlorinated solvents to become macroplegmatic with Mc 50.000 with cross-linking agent the' l,4-dichloromethyl-2, 5 dimethylbenzene (DCMDMB) with cross-linking catalyst the Titanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4) as 10% solution in dichloroethane. 5. Method according to claims 1 and 2 by which the polymeric products that absorb organic solvents, hydrocarbons, petrol, and petroleum and products, 20-60 weight times endomolecularly . 6. Method according to claims 3 and 4 by which the absorbing products are brought in a net in selected mixtures acquiring high ability of sweeping the surface oily matters in water and in sea. 7. Method according to claim 6 by which the net with the mixture of absorbing polymeric products absorb endomolecularly but also at higher quantities absorb externally with absorption adherence. 8. Method according to claims 1 to 7 by which the polymers Polystyrene, SEBS and hydrogenated SBR with 10%, 20% and 40% Styrene after a cross-linking processing become macroplegmatic products and are cut in a minced machine and subjected to expel the solvent and to deodorise after heating at 170o under stirring and vacuum which acquire high ability to absorb endomelecularly but also externally with absorption adherence when in net sweeping on a water basin or on a sea surface the oily matter and the petroleum released which is case of nuisance in the harbours and a pollution disaster in the sea, resulting to complete purification with recycling which is obtained after washing the net load with petroleum by which those pollution matters become a fuel to use and the water basins and the sea are pollution safe and ecologically corrected . 12 SUBSTTTUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Inventors: KONSTANTAKOPOULOS IOANNIS, VALKANAS GEORGE N, KONSTANTAKOPOULOS, IOANNIS, VALKANAS, GEORGE, N.
Applicants: KONSTANTAKOPOULOS IOANNIS, VALKANAS GEORGE N, KONSTANTAKOPOULOS, IOANNIS, VALKANAS, GEORGE, N.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: C08F8
IPC codes: B01J20, C02F1, C07C7, C08F8, C08J3, C08J9, C09K3