IMPROVED HATCH ASSEMBLY FOR A MARINE VESSEL

Abstract: A hatch assembly (2) includes a first frame member (4) having a generally J-shaped cross section with a longitudinal extending or upright portion and a generally parallel lip portion (4b) which is separated from the longitudinal portion (4a) by a horizontal section (4c) or riser. The assembly also includes a second frame member (10) rotatably fixed to the first frame member. The second frame member includes a pair of elastomer seals fixed thereto so that a first of the seals (30) engages the longitudinal portion of the J-shaped frame while the second seal (32) engages the lip. The second frame member also includes a vent or small opening (37) between the seals and a cavity (36) for receiving any airborne water which passes through the vent. The vent (37) is also constructed and arranged to drain air out of the cabin. In addition, the hatch assembly includes a hidden counterweight.

Description: IMPROVED HATCH ASSEMBLY FOR A MARINE VESSEL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an improved marine hatch assembly having a hidden torsion spring for counterbalancing a hatch and more particularly to an improved marine hatch assembly having a sealing member with a generally J-shaped cross-section and two elastomeric elements for sealingly engaging the J-shaped sealing member. 8ACKQROUNP QF THE INVENTION Cast aluminum hatch assemblies for marine vessels are well known. For example, such hatches are commercially available from Pompanette, Inc. of Charlestown, New Hampshire, the Assignee of the present invention. Such assemblies are described in the co¬ pending applications of A. Anderson entitled "Mechanism for Latching and Unlatching a Hatch Assembly," Serial No. 08/317,545 and my co-pending application entitled "Marine Hatch Assembly," Serial No. 08/583,479, filed on January 5, 1996, which are assigned to the same Assignee as the present invention. Both applications are included herein in their entireties by references. Such assemblies typically include a cast aluminum alloy frame, an elastomeric gasket and a clear plastic cover. The hatch cover is typically made of a clear or tinted clear LEXAN sheet, a product of General Electric and has the strength of more than 5 inches of acrylic. "Dorade" ventilators for ventilating boats which are underway are also well known. Such ventilators allow air and water to enter die vent while a series of baffles causes the water to fall out of the air flow and drain away prior to reaching the interior of a vessel. Other approaches for ventilators include hatches that have a vent position. For example, such hatches are opened about 1/8" so that gentle rain will not enter the vessel. This arrangement does not, however, protect the interior of the vessel against wind borne water or spray. It is presently believed that there may be a significant demand for an improved marine hatch assembly which includes a novel approach to ventilation. Accordingly, a hatch assembly in accordance with the present invention has been developed which works on Bernouli's principle in that die outside air flowing over the vent causes a lower pressure to form on the inside of the vent, thus exhausting air from the inside of the vessel. The hatch assemblies disclosed herein also include a double seal and are constructed and arranged to seal out wind borne water while allowing proper ventilation. This double seal is also constructed and arranged to seal the hatch against any entry of water even during hurricane condition or in extremely rough seas. In addition, the novel hatch assemblies disclosed herein include a hidden counterweight. Such assemblies have a relatively low profile and present a pleasing appearance since the hinge and spring biased counterweight are hidden from view. The hatch assemblies can also be manufactured and sold at a competitive price, are relatively easy to install and service and are durable. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A marine hatch assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first frame member which defines an opening and a hatch cover for closing the opening. The assembly also includes a second frame member rotatably fixed to ttie first frame member and surrounding the hatch cover with a waterproof seal therebetween. A marine hatch assembly for venting the interior of a vessel includes a first frame member which surrounds an opening in the vessel and a hatch cover for closing the opening. The assembly also includes a second frame member which surrounds the hatch cover and a waterproof seal between the second frame member and the hatch cover. The first frame member also defines a J-shaped cross-section or sealing member which includes a longitudinally extending portion, a rounded lip portion which is generally parallel with the longitudinal portion and a transverse portion or riser connecting the two generally parallel portions. First and second elastomeric sealing means are fixed to the second frame member about its periphery and positioned thereby in spaced relation to one another. As positioned, a first of the elastomeric sealing means sealing engages the longitudinally extending portion of the J-shaped sealing member when the hatch cover is in a fully closed position while the second of the elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages the rounded tip. The second frame hoiet* member also includes vent means such as one or more small holds between the sealing means. The sealing means are also constructed and arranged so that the first elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages the longitudinally extending portion of the first frame member when the hatch cover is in a second or partially closed position. In this position, the second of the elastomeric sealing means is spaced from the rounded lip so that air can flow through the vent means and into or out of the vessel. For example, in the partially closed position with the vessel underway, outside air passing over the vent means will create a negative pressure on the inside of the hatch which will draw air from d e inside of the cabin and vent the cabin. In a second embodiment of the invention, a marine hatch assembly includes a first frame member which defines a generally rectangular opening with at least one flat side or edge. The assembly includes a transparent or translucent hatch cover with a shape mat corresponds to the shape of the opening and which is of about me same size for closing the opening. The second frame member surrounds the cover and is fixed to an outer periphery thereof. The second frame member which is preferably of an extruded aluminum alloy includes a first cylindrical portion on an inner side tiiereof with a central bore running between its opposite ends. This first cylindrical portion also includes a pair of spaced apart cutouts intermediate of its ends and adjacent to one side of the second frame member and to one side of die opening. A pair of hinge plates are also provided and each includes a relatively flat base portion and a complimentary cylindrical-like portion defining a central bore. The hinge plates are disposed on one side of the first frame member and adjacent to ttie cutouts in the first cylindrical portion. Means are also provided for fastening e base ponion to the first frame member. The flat base portion may, for example, be fastened to the first frame member with a pair of sheet metal screws with one side of each base portion including a second cylindrical portion which extends outwardly from the opening and wid the complimentary cylindrical portion parallel to die one side of me opening. The complimentary cylindrical portions then fit relatively snugly within die cutouts wid in die first cylindrical portion with the bores in axial alignment. A hinge pin extends rough the bore of each of ie complimentary cylindrical portions and into d e cylindrical portion of d e second frame member so mat the second frame member is rotatably fixed to die first frame member. Means are also provided for fixing die hinge pin to ie hinge plate to prevent longitudinal and rotational movement with respect tiiereto. A torsion spring is disposed widiin said cylindrical portion of d e second frame member and fastened at one end mereof to die hinge pin and at an opposite end thereof to die second frame member so that d e torsional energy of me spring act as a counterweight when die second frame member is in a selected position widi respect to the first frame member. In me preferred embodiment of he invention, die marine hatch assembly includes die combination of die elements set forth above widi respect to die first and second embodiments of die invention. The invention will now be described in connection widi the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals are used to identify like parts. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a marine hatch assembly according to a first embodiment of die invention; Figure 2 is a top or plan view of a marine hatch assembly according to a second embodiment of d e invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the marine hatch assembly shown in Figure 2 and taken along die line A-A of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of die marine hatch assembly shown in Figures 2 and 3 taken along die lines B-B in Figure 2; and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a latching mechanism for use with die assemblies of Figures 1-4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION A marine hatch assembly 2 according to die present invention will now be described widi reference to die accompanying drawings. As shown more clearly in Figures 1 and 2, d e hatch assembly 2 includes a first generally rectangular frame member 4 which defines a generally rectangular opening 5 in a vessel. The opening 5 is preferably in an upright or generally vertical plane as, for example, in die side of die vessel or cabin. It should be recognized, however, diat die side of a vessel may be sloped and die generally vertical plane may be displaced further as a vessel heels under sail or rocks in rough water. This opening 5 has at least one flat side or edge 6 which in a typical installation would be along a fore/aft line of a vessel. The assembly also includes a generally rectangular or translucent hatch cover 8 with a shape that corresponds to die shape of die opening 5. The cover 8 is disposed outwardly, i.e. , toward the outside of a vessel from the first frame member 4, and is of about die same size as die opening 5 or slighdy larger and is adapted for closing die opening, i.e. , for closing die hatch against die elements. In a preferred embodiment of die invention, a second frame member 10 surrounds d e cover 8 and is fixed to an outer periphery of die cover 8 widi a waterproof seal 9 dierebetween. The second frame member 10 which is preferably of an extruded aluminum alloy encompasses die cover 8 and includes a first portion 12 which may be referred to as a generally cylindrical-like portion widi a central cylindrical bore 11 running between opposite ends 14 and 16. These opposite ends 14 and 16 refer to die ends of die first portion widi respect to its exterior along die flat side or edge 6. The first portion 12 or generally cylindrical-like portion embodies die bore 11 which preferably has a cylindrical cross-section. This portion 12 also includes at least one and preferably a pair of cutout portions 18, 18' in between die ends 14 and 16, and adjacent to one side of die second frame member 10 and to one side of die opening 5. A pair of hinge plates 20, 20' includes relatively flat base portions 22, 22' and complimentary cylindrical portions 24, 24'. These complimentary cylindrical portions 24, 24' include central bores 25, 25' and are preferably disposed on one side of die flat base portion 22, 22'. Fastening means 28 such as a pair of sheet metal screws are provided for fastening each of die base portion 22, 22' to one side of die first frame member as illustrated in Figure 2. Fastening means 28 are disposed on a first side of the base portion 22, 22' and arranged so that the opposite sides of the base portion 22, 22', including the so-called complimentary cylindrical portions 24, 24' extends outwardly away from and above die opening 5. The complimentary cylindrical portions 24, 24* men fit relatively snugly within the cutouts 18, 18' in die first cylindrical portion 12 widi die bores coaxially aligned. In the hatch assembly 2 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of die invention, the frame member defines a generally J-shaped cross-section or sealing member widi a longitudinally extending portion 4a and rounded lip 4b opposite the longitudinally extending portion 4a and separated dierefrom by a transverse portion riser 4c. In addition, die assembly includes first and second elastomeric sealing means 30 and 32 fixed to die second frame member 10 and positioned diereby in spaced relation to one anodier. The elastomeric sealing means 30 and 32 are also constructed and arranged so that a first of die elastomeric sealing means 32 sealingly engages the longitudinally extending portion 4a of the first frame member 4 when die hatch is in a first or fully closed position. In this position, Le. , die fully closed position, a second of the elastomeric sealing means 30 sealingly engages the rounded lip 4b. The first frame member 4 also includes vent means 37 such as one or more relatively small opening between die first and second elastomeric sealing means. The elastomeric sealing means 30 and 32 are also constructed and arranged so that the first of the elastomeric sealing means 32 sealingly engages die longitudinally portion 4a of die first frame member 4 when the hatch is in a second or partially closed position. When the hatch is in this second partially closed or vent position, the second elastomeric sealing means 30 is spaced from the lip so that die air can pass between the lip and die second elastomeric sealing means and through die vent means 37 and into or out of me vessel. The vent means 37 are preferably disposed only in die lower portion of the assembly. As shown, the second frame member 10 includes a relatively complex shape which includes an L-shaped portion 34 and die so-called cylindrical portion 12. The L-shaped cross-sectional portion 34 is separated from die so-called cylindrical portion 12 by a channel 35 which also defines a concave area 36. The second frame member 10 which includes vent means 37, such as a relatively small hole or a plurality of small holes is adjacent to die concave portion 36. This concave portion 36 is also disposed below die vent means 37 so diat any airborne water which passes through the opening 37 drops into the concave portion or cavity 36. It should also be recognized mat because the opening or openings 37 are relatively small, i.e. , about 1/8" to 1/4" in diameter with respect to the cross-sectional area of passage 35, any airflow through the passage 35 will move at a relatively slow rate. Accordingly, any airborne water will drop into die concave portion 36 and will not enter die interior of the vessel. In addition, the area, or more precisely, the volume defined by die cavity is relatively large widi respect to die size of the vent means 37 so that die cavity is sufficient to contain any airborne water that drops therein. Subsequently, opening the hatch outwardly allows the accumulated water to drain out on die outside of die vessel. The water may drain out through one or more narrow notches (not shown) in the second sealing means or gasket 32 or at the ends thereof. The notches, for example, may comprise narrow slits having a width of about 1/8". In a typical installation, die water will drain out of at die ends of the second sealing means 32 since the second sealing means only extends part way around the frame 10. In die preferred embodiment of die invention, there is no need for die sealing means or gasket 32 at the top or upper part of the assembly because die sealing means 30 seals die upper portion of die assembly even when die hatch is in the partially closed position. In die preferred embodiment of the invention, the fust elastomeric seal or gasket 30 has a generally square cross-section. And, in die preferred embodiment, this gasket 30 includes a hollow rectangular portion with an appendage 31 forming a channel adapted to receive one leg of d e L-shaped portion 34 therein. In this form, die appendage 31 forms a seal between the second frame member 10 and the hatch cover 8 and positions and holds die gasket 30 on die frame member 10. The second seal or gasket 32 is also made of a suitable elastomeric material as will be well understood by those skilled in the art. The second gasket preferably defines a comma shaped cross-section with an appendage 32' which forms a seal widi die longitudinal extending portion 4a of the J-shaped frame member 4. As shown more clearly in Figure 1 , ie appendage 32' of the comma shaped gasket forms a seal to keep airborne water from entering the vessel through die hatch assembly 2. The mechanism for latching and unlatching a hatch assembly may be of any suitable design as will be well understood by those skilled in the art. For example, the mechanism described in the aforementioned Anderson application, Serial No. 08/317,545, may be used. As shown in Figure 5, a hatch dog handle mechanism 40 includes a hub assembly 42 which is mounted on a first portion 44 of the hatch cover 8. The hub assembly 42 rotates about a central axis 45 to position a rotatable member (not shown) to engage an element 47 or a portion of the first frame member 4. As illustrated in Figure 5, die latching mechanism also includes a handle 48 and appropriate mechanism 49 for positioning the handle in a fixed or rotatable position as described in the aforementioned application. The latching mechanism shown may also include an integral handle 50 which allows the hatch to be latched or unlatched from die outside of die vessel when the handle 48 is in an unlatched position. The hatch assembly also includes means such as a stepped latch (not shown) for latching die hatch in a fully closed or partially closed position. While the invention has been described in connection widi its preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of die claims.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel comprising a first frame member defining an opening in die vessel, a hatch cover for closing said opening and a second frame member surrounding said hatch cover, and a waterproof seal between said cover and said second frame member, said first frame member defining a J-shaped cross-section widi a longitudinally extending portion and a rounded lip opposite said longitudinally extending portion, first and second elastomeric sealing means fixed to said second frame member and positioned tiiereby in spaced relation to one another so diat a first of said elastomeric sealing members sealingly engages said longitudinally extending portion of said first frame member when said hatch cover is in a first or fully closed position and the second of said elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages said rounded lip when said hatch cover is in die first position, said second frame member also including vent means between said first and second elastomeric sealing means, said first and second sealing means constructed and arranged so diat die first of said elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages said longitudinally extending portion of said first frame member when said hatch cover is in a second or partially closed position widi said second of said elastomeric sealing means spaced from said lip so diat air can flow through said vent means when said hatch cover is in die second or partially closed position. 2. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 1 in which said opening defines a generally rectangular shape and in which said vent means comprises a relatively small opening in said second frame member. 3. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 2 in which said second frame member also defines a cavity adjacent to said vent means for accumulating any water at passes tiirough said vent means. 4. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 3 in which said hatch assembly is positioned along a generally vertical axis widi 1 said hinge plates and said hinge pins positioned at die top of die hatch assembly and said cavity positioned between said hatch means. 5. A marine hatch assembly for venting the interior of a vessel according to claim 4 which includes a latch mechanism for positioning die hatch assembly in an open, closed or partially closed position. 6. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 5 in which said second frame member includes an L-shaped portion for supporting and positioning said second elastomeric sealing means and in which said second elastomeric sealing means is fixed to said L-shaped portion. 7. A marine hatch assembly for venting the interior of a vessel according to claim 5 in which said second elastomeric sealing means has a generally rectangular hollow structure. 8. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 7 in which said cavity is adjacent to said vent means. 9. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel comprising a first frame member defining an opening in die vessel, said opening having at least one generally flat side, a hatch cover for closing said opening and a second frame member rotatably fixed to said first frame member and surrounding said hatch cover, and a waterproof seal between said cover and said second frame member, said second frame member including a first portion having a central bore and opposite ends and a pair of cut outs in said first portion intermediate of said ends and adjacent to one side of said second frame member and to said flat side of said opening, a pair of hinge plates including a base portion and a complimentary portion defining a central bore disposed on one side of said base portion and means for fastening said base portions of said hinge plates to said first frame member widi one side of said base portions including said complimentary portion extending outwardly from said opening and widi said complimentary portions parallel to said one side of said opening and said complimentary portions fitting widiin said cut outs in said first portion and widi die bores of said first portion and said complimentary portion coaxially aligned, a hinge pin extending tiirough die bore of each of said complimentary portions and into said first portion of said second frame member so diat said second frame member rotates on said hinge pins, means for fixing said hinge pin to said hinge plate for preventing rotation of said hinge pin widiin said complimentary portion of said hinge plate and a torsion spring disposed widiin said cylindrical portion of said second frame member and connected at one end thereof to said hinge pin and at an opposite end thereof to said second frame member so at said spring biases said hatch into a preselected position. 10. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 9 in which said opening defined by said first frame member has a generally rectangular shape. 11. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 10 which includes a pair of hinge pins. 12. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim J I in which said torsion spring is a coil spring having a diameter which is slightly smaller '.nan die diameter of said bore in said complimentary portion of said second frame member. 13. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel comprising a first frame member defining an opening in the vessel, said opening having at least one generally flat side, a transparent or translucent hatch cover for closing said opening and a second frame member surrounding said hatch cover, and a waterproof seal between said cover and said second frame member, said first frame member defining a J-shaped cross-section widi a longitudinally extending portion and a rounded lip opposite said longitudinally extending portion, first and second elastomeric sealing means fixed to said second frame member and positioned tiiereby in spaced relation to one anodier so diat a first of said elastomeric sealing members (Sealingly engages said longitudinally extending portion of said first frame member when said hatch cover is in a first or fully closed position and die second of said elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages said rounded lip when said hatch cover is in the first position, said second frame member also including vent means between said first and said second elastomeric sealing means, said first and second sealing means constructed and arranged so diat die first of said elastomeric sealing means sealingly engages said longitudinally extending portion of said first frame member when said hatch cover is in a second or partially closed position with said second of said elastomeric sealing means spaced from said lip so that air can flow through said vent means when said hatch cover is in the second or partially closed position, said second frame member also including a first generally cylindrical-like portion having a central bore and opposite ends and a pair of cut outs in said cylindrical-like portion intermediate of said ends and adjacent to one side of said second frame member and to said flat side of said opening, a pair of hinge plates including a base ~ portion and a complimentary cylindrical portion defining a central bore disposed on one side of said base portion and means for fastening said base portions of said hinge plates to said first frame member widi one side of said base portions including said second cylindrical-like portions extending outwardly from said opening and widi said complimentary cylindrical portions parallel to said one side of said opening and said complimentary cylindrical portions fitting widiin said cut outs in said first cylindrical portion and widi die bores of said first cylindrical portion and said complimentary cylindrical portion coaxially aligned, a hinge pin extending through die bore of each of said complimentary cylindrical portions and into said cylindrical portion of said second frame member so diat said second frame member rotates on said hinge pin, means for fixing said hinge pin to said hinge plate for preventing rotation of said hinge pin widiin said complimentary cylindrical portion of said hinge plate and a torsion spring disposed within said cylindrical portion of said second frame member and connected at one end thereof to said hinge pin and at an opposite end thereof to said second frame member so mat said spring counterbalances said hatch. 14. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 13 in which said second frame member also defines a cavity adjacent to said vent means for accumulating any water diat passes tiirough said vent means. 15. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel according to claim 13 in which said hatch assembly is positioned along a generally vertical axis widi said hinge plates and said hinge pins positioned at die top of die hatch assembly and said cavity positioned between said hatch means. 16. A marine hatch assembly for venting the interior of a vessel according to claim 13 which includes a latch mechanism for positioning die hatch assembly in an open, closed or partially closed position. 17. A marine hatch assembly for venting die interior of a vessel comprising a fixed frame member defining an upright or generally vertical opening in a wall of the vessel, a hatch cover for closing said opening and a second frame member surrounding said hatch cover, said second frame member including a relatively small opening between die interior and exterior of die vessel and a cavity below said relatively small opening, said second frame member and said relatively small opening constructed and arranged so diat outside air flowing across said relatively small opening creates a negative pressure on die inside opening to tiiereby exhaust air from die inside of die vessel, and means for reducing die velocity of the air flowing tiirough said relatively small opening and for directing die flow upwardly so diat any airborne water drops out of said airflow, said cavity being constructed and arranged to receive any airborne water which passes tiirough said relatively small opening.

Inventors: KYLE JAMES H, KYLE, JAMES, H.
Applicants: POMPANETTE INC, POMPANETTE, INC.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: B63B19
IPC codes: B63B19, B63J2