Controlling the movable lens of an image pickup apparatus

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus drives a moving lens in accordance with first (109) and second (102) command signals. The apparatus includes a first detection means (106) for detecting the first command signal, a second detection means (106) for detecting the second command signal, a selection means (108) for selecting one of the first and second command signals on the basis of the output signals from the first and second detection means, and a driving means (109,110) for driving the moving lens on the basis of the command signal selected by the selection means.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image pickup apparatus and a phototaking lens used therein and, more particularly, to an image pickup apparatus such as a TV camera which is suitably used to attain focusing of the phototaking lens by selecting a control signal (operation signal) from a focus demand attached to the phototaking lens or a camera control unit (CCU) mounted on the camera body. Related Background Art The conventional methods of manual focusing (to be referred to as the "focus function" hereinafter) of a phototaking lens include the method of manually operating the focus ring (which is directly performed by the hand of a cameraman) and the method of electrically operating the focus mechanism of the phototaking lens by using an actuator such as a motor, see, for example, US-A-5 227 829, US-A-4 404 595, EP-A-0 439 219 A2. When the focus mechanism of the phototaking lens is to be electrically operated in a TV camera or the like, focusing is directly performed from the phototaking lens side, or focusing is performed on the CCU (Camera Control Unit) mounted in a relay station electrically connected to the phototaking lens. Fig. 8 is a block diagram for explaining focusing to be performed in a conventional TV camera. Referring to Fig. 8, focusing of a phototaking lens 901 is performed from a demand 903 connected to the phototaking lens 901 or from a control knob 905 on a CCU 904 at the relay station 902 side. An R/L switch 906 on the CCU 904 is operated to choose between using the demand 903 of the phototaking lens 901 and using the control knob 905 of the CCU 904. "R" of the R/L switch 906 represents remote control, i.e., an operation from the control knob 905 of the CCU 904. "L" of the R/L switch 906 represents local control, i.e., an operation from the demand 903 connected to the phototaking lens 901. In the image pickup apparatus having the conventional focus mechanism, since the R/L switch on the CCU is operated to switch the focusing operation between the demand operation of the phototaking lens and the CCU, the following problem is posed. Assume that a TV crew is shooting for a relay broadcast of a golf tournament, while the phototaking lens is set near the green of the 18th hole, and the CCU is mounted in a relay car near the club house. On normal occasions, the cameraman who operates the phototaking lens performs focusing by operating the demand connected to the phototaking lens while watching the TV monitor. In some cases, an operator performs fine focusing by using the CCU in the relay car while watching the monitor. In this case, focusing is performed after the R/L switch of the CCU is switched from "L" to "R". If, however, the operator forgets to switch the R/L switch back from "R" to "L" after focusing with the CCU is complete, the cameraman cannot perform focusing at the phototaking lens side. This may pose a problem in shooting a TV program. In practice, the cameraman and the staff in the relay car exchange information through a network built by so-called intercom, and hence a serious trouble hardly occurs. This is, however, a serious problem in terms of the system of photographing equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an image pickup apparatus suited for a TV camera, in particular, and a phototaking lens used therein, which can smoothly and reliably perform focusing and zooming of the phototaking lens by using a detection means for detecting the operation states of the demand (focus demand) of the phototaking lens and the control knob of a CCU and automatically switching focusing and zooming on the basis of a signal from the detection means, without using the R/L switch in the CCU of the relay station which has been used in the prior art. This object is achieved by an image pick-up apparatus according to claim 1. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall arrangement of an image pickup apparatus according to the present invention; Figs. 2A and 2B are block diagrams showing the detailed arrangement of the main part of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the overall operation of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing a first press priority procedure in the present invention; Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing a last press priority procedure in the present invention; Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing a remote priority procedure in the present invention; Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing a local priority procedure in the present invention; and Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the main part of a conventional image pickup apparatus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the main part of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 2A and 2B are enlarged views for explaining a part of the arrangement in Fig. 1. Figs. 3 to 7 are flow charts showing the operations of the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2A, a CCU control signal 101 from a camera control unit (CCU) 103 is input to a decision unit (detection means) 106 of a phototaking lens 112 through a camera (camera body) 105, and is also input to a terminal a of a switching unit (selection means) 108. Similarly, a demand control signal 102 output from a demand (focus demand) 104 (connected to the phototaking lens 112) on the basis of an operation performed by a cameraman is input to the decision unit 106 of the phototaking lens 112, and is also input to a terminal b of the switching unit 108. An output from a priority changeover switch (algorithm changeover means) 107 is input to the decision unit 106, and is further output from the decision unit 106 to the switching unit 108. Only the signal, of the CCU control signal 101 and the demand control signal 102 input to the switching unit 108, which is selected by the decision unit 106 is output from the switching unit 108 to a driving unit 109 for driving a focus motor 110. The focus motor 110 finally drives a focus mechanism unit 111 of the phototaking lens 112 on the basis of the signal from the driving unit 109. A display means 113 displays the type of algorithm designated by the priority changeover switch 107. In this case, the driving unit 109, the focus motor 110, and the focus mechanism unit 111 constitute one element of the focus driving mechanism. The decision unit (detection means) 106 has a plurality of algorithms for selecting the CCU control signal 101 or the demand control signal 102. For example, the above-mentioned selection means has an algorithm for preferentially selecting a control signal from the focus demand or the CCU when control signals are simultaneously output from the focus demand and the CCU. The priority changeover switch (algorithm changeover means) 107 designates one of the algorithms set in the decision unit 106. The decision unit (detection means) 106 includes a first detection means (203, 205) for detecting the demand control signal 102 from the focus demand 104 and a second detection means (204, 205) for detecting the CCU control signal 101 from the CCU 103. Fig. 2B shows the detailed arrangement of the decision unit (detection means) 106 in Fig. 2A. To detect operation of a control knob 805 on the CCU 103 in Fig. 1 as a change in the CCU control signal 101 in Fig. 2B, the CCU control signal 101 is input to the differential (difference) block 203 of the decision unit 106. Similarly, to detect operation of the demand 104 connected to the phototaking lens 112 in Fig. 1 as a change in the demand control signal 102 in Fig. 2B, the demand control signal 102 is input to the differential (difference) block 204 of the decision unit 106. Outputs from the differential blocks 203 and 204 are input to the arithmetic unit 205. In this case, the differential block 203 and the arithmetic unit 205 form one element of the first detection means. The differential block 204 and the arithmetic unit 205 make up one element of the second detection means. A priority changeover switch 206 is connected to the arithmetic unit 205 having a plurality of algorithms for various focusing operations. After performing the processing shown in Figs. 3 to 7, the arithmetic unit 205 determines whether to use a control signal from the CCU 103 or from the demand 104 to perform driving control of the focus motor 110, and outputs the determination result to the switching unit 108. Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the overall control procedure in this embodiment. Note that the processing in steps 31 to 34 is performed by the decision unit 106 in Fig. 2A, and the processing in step 35 is performed by the decision unit 106, the switching unit 108, the driving unit 109, the focus motor 110, and the focus mechanism unit 111 in Fig. 2A. In step 31, the mode selected by the priority changeover switch 107 in Fig. 2A is detected. In step 32, a change in the demand control signal 102 from the demand 104 in Fig. 2A is detected by using the differential block 204 of the decision unit 106 in Fig. 2B. In step 33, a change in the CCU control signal 101 from the CCU 103 is detected by using the differential block 203 of the decision unit 106 in Fig. 2B. The processings in steps 32 and 33 are periodically performed by starting a timer or the like at the start of this flow chart. In step 34, it is checked, on the basis of the control signal detection results in steps 32 and 33, whether at least one of the signals has changed. If one or both of the control signals have changed, YES is obtained in step 34. In step 35, calculation is performed, and the motor is driven/stopped. Thereafter, the procedure in Fig. 3 stops. If it is determined in step 34 that neither the demand control signal 102 nor the CCU control signal 101 have undergone any change, NO is obtained in step 34. As a result, the procedure in Fig. 3 stops. If YES is obtained in step 34 in Fig. 3, one of the operations shown in Figs. 4 to 7 is performed in step 35 depending on the priority modes described below. Fig. 4 shows focus control in the first press priority mode. In this priority mode, priority is given to one of the focusing operations with the CCU 103 and the demand 104 which is performed first. That is, other operations are ignored until this focusing operation is complete. Assume that the control knob of the CCU 103 is operated first. In this case, even if the demand 104 connected to the phototaking lens 112 is operated during a CCU operation, this demand operation is ignored. After the operation of the CCU 103 is complete, the operation of the demand 104 is accepted. In this mode, when a CCU operation and a demand operation are to be performed by different operators, until one operator completes focusing, the other operator is inhibited from performing focusing. Referring to Fig. 4, in step 41, it is checked whether the priority changeover switch 107 in Fig. 2B is switched to the first press priority mode. If YES in step 41, information indicating the first press priority mode is displayed on the display means 113 on the phototaking lens 112 or the viewfinder of the camera body in Fig. 2A in step 42. If the priority changeover switch 107 is not switched to the first press priority mode, NO is obtained in step 41, and the flow branches to the flow chart of Fig. 5 through "C". In this case, "C" is a symbol used for convenience in connecting the flow charts to each other. This applies to other cases as well. In step 43, it is checked whether the first signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the CCU 103 or the demand 104. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 44. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 45. If input signals are simultaneously sent from the CCU 103 and demand 104, the flow branches to a predetermined one of steps 44 and 45. In step 44, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the CCU control signal 101. In step 45, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the demand control signal 102. After step 44 or 45, the focus motor 110 is driven by the driving unit 109 on the basis of the control signal selected by the switching unit 108 in step 46. The processing in step 47 is periodically performed by starting a timer or the like upon starting step 47. In step 46, the focus motor 110 is driven. If it is determined in step 47 afterward that the control signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is the same as the signal output in step 43, the focus motor 110 is continuously driven in step 46, and the processing in step 47 is periodically performed. If it is determined in step 47 that the signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is different from the signal output in step 43, or neither the CCU 103 nor the demand 104 have sent a signal, the flow branches to step 48 to stop the focus motor 110. Fig. 5 shows focus control in the last press priority mode. In this priority mode, even if focusing is performed first with the CCU 103 or the demand 104 in Fig. 2A, when an operation different from the first operation is performed, the first operation is immediately switched to the second operation. If, for example, the CCU 103 is operated first, and the demand 104 is then operated during the operation of the CCU 103, focusing with the CCU 103 is stopped, and focusing with the demand 104 is started. In this mode, priority is given to an operator who performs focusing last. Referring to Fig. 5, it is checked in step 51 whether the priority changeover switch 107 in Fig. 2B is switched to the last press priority mode. If YES in step 51, information indicating the last press priority mode is displayed on the display means 113 on the phototaking lens 112 or the viewfinder of the camera in Fig. 2A in step 52. If the priority changeover switch 107 is not switched to the last press priority mode, NO is obtained in step 51, and the flow branches to the flow chart of Fig. 6 through "D". In this case, "D" is a symbol used for convenience in connecting the flow charts to each other. This applies to other cases as well. In step 53, it is checked whether the signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the CCU 103 or the demand 104. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 54. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 55. If input signals are simultaneously input from the CCU 103 and the demand 104, the flow branches to a predetermined one of steps 54 and 55. In step 54, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the CCU control signal 101. In step 55, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the demand control signal 102. After step 54 or 55, the focus motor 110 is driven by the driving unit 109 on the basis of the control signal selected by the switching unit 108 in step 56. The processing in step 57 is periodically performed by starting a timer or the like upon starting step 57. After the focus motor 110 is driven in step 56, it is checked in step 57 whether any control signal is input to the phototaking lens 112. If it is determined that a signal is input from the CCU 103 or the demand 104, the flow branches to step 53. The processing in step 53, step 54 or 55, step 56, and 57 is performed again. If it is determined in step 57 that neither the CCU 103 nor the demand 104 have sent a signal, the flow branches to step 58 to stop the focus motor. Fig. 6 shows focus control in the remote priority mode. In this priority mode, priority is given to focusing with the CCU 103 in Fig. 2A. Even if the demand 104 is operated before this operation is complete, the operation of the demand 104 is ignored. The operation of the demand 104 is accepted only after the operation with the CCU 103 is complete. When the CCU 103 is operated during focusing with the demand 104, focusing is switched to the operation with the CCU 103. In this remote priority mode, the CCU 103 of the camera is regarded as the main means for focusing, whereas the demand 104 is regarded as an auxiliary means for focusing. For example, this mode is used for a shooting operation using a monitor camera. Focusing of this camera is basically performed by using the CCU set in a monitoring center or the like. For maintenance or the like, however, a demand is mounted on the lens of the monitor camera to check the focusing movement of the lens. Referring to Fig. 6, it is checked in step 61 whether the priority changeover switch 107 in Fig. 2B is switched to the remote priority mode. If YES in step 61, information indicating the remote priority mode is displayed on the display means 113 on the phototaking lens 112 or the viewfinder of the camera body in Fig. 2A in step 62. If the priority changeover switch 107 is not switched to the remote priority mode, NO is obtained in step 61, and the flow branches to the flow chart of Fig. 7 through "E". In this case, "E" is a symbol used for convenience in connecting the flow charts to each other. This applies to other cases as well. In step 63, it is checked whether the first signal input to the lens is sent from the CCU 103 or the demand 104. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 64. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 65. If it is determined in step 63 that signals are simultaneously input from the CCU 103 and the demand 104 to the lens, the flow branches to step 64. In step 64, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the CCU control signal 101. In step 65, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2A is switched to the demand control signal 102. After step 64 or 65, the focus motor 110 is driven by the driving unit 109 on the basis of the control signal selected by the switching unit 108 in step 66. The processing in step 67 is periodically performed by starting a timer or the like upon starting step 67. After the focus motor 110 is driven in step 66, it is checked in step 67 whether any control signal is input to the phototaking lens 112. If the signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 64. The processing in steps 66 and 67 is performed again. If it is determined in step 67 that no signal is input to the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 68. If it is determined in step 68 that the control signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 65. The processing in steps 66 and 67 is then performed again. If it is determined in step 68 that no demand signal is input to the phototaking lens 112, the focus motor is stopped in step 69. Fig. 7 shows focus control in the local priority mode. In this priority mode, priority is given to focusing with the demand 104 in Fig. 2A. In this mode, even if the CCU 103 is operated before this focusing operation is complete, the operation of the CCU 103 is ignored. The operation of the CCU 103 is accepted only after the operation with the demand 104 is complete. When the operation with the demand 104 is initiated during focusing with the CCU 103, focusing is switched to focusing with the demand 104. In this local priority mode, the demand 104 of the phototaking lens is regarded as the main means for focusing, whereas the CCU 103 is regarded as an auxiliary means for focusing. In this mode, the cameraman, who manipulates the lens, normally performs focusing with the demand. When the cameraman moves away from the TV camera with the TV camera and the phototaking lens being fixed, focusing can be performed with the CCU set in a relay car or the like. Referring to Fig. 7, it is checked in step 71 whether the priority changeover switch 107 in Fig. 2B is switched to the local priority mode. If YES in step 71, information indicating the local priority mode is displayed on the display means 113 on the phototaking lens 112 or the viewfinder of the camera body in Fig. 2A in step 72. If the priority changeover switch 107 is not switched to the local priority mode, NO is obtained in step 71. In this case, the flow branches to the step of stopping the focus motor in Fig. 3 without driving the focus motor. In step 73, it is checked whether the first signal input to the lens is sent from the CCU 103 or the demand 104. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 74. If it is determined that the signal is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 75. If it is determined in step 73 that signals are simultaneously input from the CCU 103 and the demand 104 to the lens, the flow branches to step 74. In step 74, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 28 is switched to the demand control signal 102. In step 75, the output of the switching unit 108 in Fig. 2B is switched to the CCU control signal 101. After step 74 or 75, the focus motor 110 is driven by the driving unit 109 on the basis of the control signal selected by the switching unit 108 in step 76. The processing in step 77 is periodically performed by starting a timer or the like upon starting step 77. After the focus motor 110 is driven in step 76, it is checked in step 77 whether any control signal is input to the phototaking lens 112. If the signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 74. The processing in steps 76 and 77 is then performed again. If it is determined in step 77 that no signal is sent from the demand 104, the flow branches to step 78. If it is determined in step 78 that the control signal input to the phototaking lens 112 is sent from the CCU 103, the flow branches to step 75. The processing in steps 76 and 77 is then performed again. If it is determined in step 78 that no CCU control signal is input to the phototaking lens 112, the focus motor is stopped in step 79. In all the focus modes in Figs. 4 to 7, if there is only a demand, focusing can be performed by using only the demand. If there is only a CCU, focusing can be performed by using only the CCU. In the above description, a focus command signal is used as an command signal. Instead of this signal, however, a zoom command signal or an aperture control signal may be used. As has been described above, according to the present invention, there is provided an image pickup apparatus suited for a TV camera, in particular, and a phototaking lens used therein, which can smoothly and reliably perform focusing and zooming of the phototaking lens by using a detection means for detecting the operation states of the demand (focus demand) of the phototaking lens and the control knob of a CCU on the camera body side and automatically switching focusing and zooming on the basis of a signal from the detection means, without using the R/L switch in the CCU which has been used in the prior art. According to the present invention, by detecting whether focusing is being done with the focus demand or the CCU in accordance with a change in a focus control signal from the focus demand or the CCU, in particular, operations with the demand of the phototaking lens and the CCU of the camera can be smoothly switched without using the R/L switch of the CCU of the camera. By selectively operating the priority changeover switch mounted in the phototaking lens, one of various operation modes, namely the first press priority mode, the last press priority mode, the remote priority mode, and the local priority mode, can be selected. An image pickup apparatus and a phototaking lens used therein which can perform focusing of the phototaking lens by using only a focusing controller can be obtained even if the controller includes only a demand attached to the phototaking lens or a CCU mounted on the camera.

Claims: An image pickup apparatus for driving a moving lens in accordance with first (102) and second (101) command signals, wherein the first command signal has been generated by manual operation of a first operation member and the second command signal has been generated by manual operation of a second operation member; comprising: lens apparatus (112) having a moving lens; camera apparatus (105) connected to the lens apparatus (112); first command signal output unit (104), connected to the lens apparatus, for generating a first command signal (102); second command signal output unit (103), connected to the camera apparatus (105), for generating a second command signal; first detection means (204,205) for detecting the first command signal (102); second detection means (203,205) for detecting the second command signal (101); selection means (106) for automatically selecting one of the first and second command signals on the basis of output signals from said first (204, 205) and second (203, 205) detection means in accordance with a priority algorithm for giving priority to one of the first and second command signals; driving means (109, 110) for driving said moving lens (112) on the basis of the command signal selected by said selection means; and setting means (107) for setting said priority algorithm from a plurality of priority algorithms including giving priority to the first command signal when both the first command signal (102) and the second command signal (101) are output, giving priority to the second command signal when both the first command signal (102) and the second command signal (101) are output, giving priority to a command signal which is output first when both the first command signal (102) and the second command signal (101) are output, and giving priority to a command signal which is output last when both the first command signal (102) and the second command signal (101) are output. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first command signal is a demand control signal (102) and the second command signal is a control signal (101) output from a camera control unit (103). An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the command signals is a focus lens command signal. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the command signals is a zoom lens command signal. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the command signals is an aperture signal.

Inventors: SENDA AKIRA, SENDA, AKIRA
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1997
Main classification: H04N5
IPC codes: G02B7, H04N5