ELECTRONIC TIMEPIECE

Abstract: An electronic timepiece in accordance with the present invention comprises a time clocking circuit for counting reference signals from the reference signal generating circuit to provide time information as its output; warning means for warning the user of a specific time, by use of vibrations or a buzzer, on the basis of time information derived from the time clocking circuit; and timepiece state detection means for detecting the states of the temperature and the power source voltage of the timepiece and, if the detection values deviate from predetermined values, bringing the warning action of the warning means to a stop. The timings of time information derived from the time clocking circuit are caused to differ from each other between when the timepiece state detection means have detected a low temperature of the timepiece and when they have detected a low voltage at the power source, and are caused to differ from the time information timing at the normal state. This prevents any batteries' consumption which may otherwise be caused by the meaningless warning, and makes it possible to inform the user of the states of the timepiece through the movement of the hands.

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to an electronic timepiece according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a timepiece can be equipped with additional functions such as an alarm function, and more particularly to an electronic timepiece ensuring effective utilization of a battery acting as a power source for the electronic timepiece and having a capacity to inform the user of the state of the battery and the temperature in the electronic timepiece. BACKGROUND ART It is desirable that the electronic timepieces using the batteries display time as long as possible without need to change the batteries. For this reason, used in the electronic timepieces, particularly in electronic wristwatches desired to be extremely small and thin are batteries having a very low self discharge rate and a less self degradation in spite of the long-term use. Therefore, prevailing wristwatches are designed so that most of the functions included in the electronic timepieces operates with a minimum amount of electrical current and that the operation is averaged to allow a single battery to provide a time display for two or three years. Major wristwatches with the alarm function for instance make use of a piezoelectric device -actuated buzzer. In this type of timepieces, the piezoelectric device-actuated buzzer often uses a maximum instantaneous current of about 7mA and an average current of about 2mA, which enables it to have a battery life of more than two years if the alarm is used once a day. Another type of electronic timepiece has also been developed and commercially available which employs as the alarm function not only noise warning means operated by the piezoelectric buzzer but also noiseless warning means operated by an vibration motor. However, the electrical current required to start the vibration motor, even when using a low electricity consuming motor, is 15mA or more, and even when it runs at its steady speed, on the order of 5mA is required. On the other hand, silver or lithium batteries utilized in general by wristwatches produce only a limited amount of electricity flow due to their high internal impedance values. On top of this, at low temperatures of 5°C or below these batteries' internal impedance rises, making it difficult to derive the electrical current therefrom. Thus, if the vibration motor is started when the temperature is below 5°C, the battery voltage levels suddenly drop and even the operation of the time clocking circuit becomes stressed, and the hands on the watch stop moving. However, when the watch is worn on the wrist, it is usual for the watch itself to have a temperature of about 30°C due to the heat radiated from the wearer's body, although the temperature of the watch itself may drop to 5°C or below if the watch is worn in cold water or if the watch is left at a low temperature, in which occasion the vibration motor's silent alarm is not particularly necessary. In this situation starting the vibration motor results in an unnecessary waste of the batteries and also needlessly shortens the watch's battery life. In addition, in cases a watch user has been aware that the vibration motor of the watch being left for some time has stopped, confusion could be avoided, if the owner could tell whether the vibration motor has stopped due to a dead battery or the temperature. An electronic timepiece with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 31 15 682 A. If the batteries of said timepiece become increasingly discharged, it is intended that the actual basic functions of the timepiece be maintained on reaching a lower limiting voltage, while the additional functions, which consume considerably more energy, are switched off. Such additional loads as display lighting and the alarm are automatically switched off, so that they no longer work despite the operation of the function keys. The actual clock mechanism continues to operate, however. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an electronic timepiece which prevents any unnecessary waste of batteries and indicates to the user the present state of the batteries and temperature in the timepiece through the manner of movement of the hands on the timepiece. An electronic timepiece according to the present invention comprises: a reference signal generating circuit for generating reference signals; a time clocking circuit for counting reference signals from said reference signal generating circuit to provide time information as its output; warning means for warning the user of a specific time on the basis of time information derived from said time clocking circuit; first timepiece state detection means comprising a power source voltage detection circuit for detecting the power source voltage of said timepiece and, if the detection value deviates from a predetermined value, bringing the warning action of said warning means to a stop; second timepiece state detection means comprising a timepiece temperature detection circuit for detecting the temperature of said timepiece and, if the detection value deviates from a predetermined value, bringing the warning action of said warning means to a stop. It is thus possible to prohibit the operation of the vibration motor which requires large volumes of electrical current, in a low temperature state where the batteries are incapable of discharging the large volumes of current due to their characteristics, thereby ensuring a precise hand movement which is a duty of the timepiece. Furthermore, the second hand movement mode at the low battery voltage is caused to differ from that at the low temperature so that the user can tell whether the vibration motor does not operate due to short battery life or due to low temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit part in an analog display type electronic timepiece showing an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the analog display type electronic timepiece; and Fig. 3 shows waveforms of hand movement signals DS1, DS2 and DS3. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION With reference to the accompanying drawings, description will now be made of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an analog display type electronic timepiece. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit part in the electronic timepiece with vibration alarm function in accordance with this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a top plan view illustrating a display face of the electronic timepiece shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating outputs of hand movement signals DS in respective states shown in Fig. 1. Referring first to Fig. 1, a reference signal generating circuit 1 provides as its outputs a hand movement reference signal KS providing a time reference for movements of the hands on the timepiece, a temperature detection timing signal TS indicating the timing at which a detection of the temperature is performed, and a voltage detection timing signal VS indicating the timing at which a detection of the battery voltage is performed. A time clocking circuit 2 receives as its input the hand movement reference signal KS and provides as its outputs hand movement signals DS1, DS2 and DS3 at a cycle of one second in the ordinary state. Upon a receipt of a reset signal RS, the time clocking circuit 2 is reset to cease from outputting the hand movement signals DS1, DS2 and DS3. Furthermore, the time clocking circuit 2 counts the hand movement reference signal KS to output time data KL on a minute basis. These time data KL represent a count number per minute from a point of time when the reset signal RS has been cleared. A voltage detection circuit 3 detects the voltage of a battery not shown when it receives the voltage detection timing signal VS from the reference signal generating circuit 1. The voltage detection circuit 3 provides as its output a voltage drop signal BD when the detected battery voltage is a predetermined voltage or below. A temperature detection circuit 4 detects the temperature of the timepiece when it receives as its input the temperature detection timing signal TS from the reference signal generating circuit 1. Furthermore, the temperature detection circuit 4 provides as its output a temperature drop signal TD when the detected temperature is a predetermined temperature or below. The time clocking circuit 2 provides as its outputs the hand movement signal DS2 indicative of a drop in the voltage when it receives the voltage drop signal BD from the voltage detection circuit 3, the hand movement signal DS3 indicative of a drop in the temperature when it receives the temperature drop signal TD from the temperature detection circuit 4, and the hand movement signal DS1 in other normal states. Fig. 3 illustrates waveforms of the hand movement signals DS1, DS2 and dS3 in their respective states. In Fig. 3, A represents a waveform of the hand movement signal DS1 output at a cycle of one second in the normal state, B represents a waveform of the hand movement signal DS2 indicative of a drop in the battery voltage, with 0.25 sec. interval two pulses output at a cycle of two seconds. C represents a waveform of the hand movement signal DS3 indicative of the state of a drop in the temperature, with 0.5 sec. Interval two pulses output at a cycle of two seconds. External input means 6 serves to output a reset signal RS, an alarm set signal AS, a time correction signal TC, an alarm correction signal AC and a selection signal SE. An alarm counter 5 resets its content in response to a receipt of the reset signal RS issued from the external input means 6 to synchronize the time clocking circuit 2 with the alarm counter 5, and sets an alarm time when it receives the alarm set signal AS with no reset signal RS received. The alarm counter 5 serves to output an alarm time set by the external input means 6. The alarm counter 5 further provides as its output an alarm set signal AD each time the alarm time is set by the alarm set signal AS. A coincidence circuit 7 provides as its output a coincidence signal TR when the alarm time AL from the alarm counter 5 is coincident with the time data KL from the time clocking circuit 2. An warning circuit 8 is allowed to operate in response to a receipt of the coincidence signal TR from the coincidence circuit. The warning circuit 8 receives as its input the selection signal SE issued from the external input means 6 and selects for operation either the buzzer based warning or vibration based warning on the basis of the selection signal. It is to be appreciated that in case the warning circuit 8 has received the temperature drop signal TD from the temperature detection circuit 4, it is not allowed to operate in spite of the selection of the vibration based warning. A first hand movement device 9 is a hand indicator mechanism for ordinary hand indicator type electronic timepiece and accepts a hand movement signal DS1 every one second to move a second hand 20. A second hand movement device 10 is a hand indicator mechanism for an alarm hand and accepts the alarm set signal AD from the alarm counter 5 to move the hand. During the time when the reset signal RS is being issued from the external input means 6, display times of the first hand movement mechanism 9 and the second hand movement mechanism 10 are corrected by the time correction signal TC and the alarm correction signal AC issued from the external input means 6. Referring then to Fig. 2, the first hand movement device 9 consists of the second hand 20, a minute hand 21 and an hour hand 22, to thereby display a time. The second hand 20, minute hand 21 and hour hand 22 are linked with one another by way of a gear train in such a manner that the minute and hour hands move in interlock with the second hand. The second hand movement device 10 consists of an alarm minute hand 23 and an alarm hour hand 24, to thereby display an alarm set time. The alarm minute hand 23 and the alarm hour hand 24 are linked with each other by way of a gear train in such a manner that the alarm hour hand 24 move in interlock with the alarm minute hand 23. Fig. 2(a) illustrates a reset state, that is, a state in which the second hand 20, minute hand 21 and hour hand 22 for the time display are synchronized with the alarm minute hand 23 and alarm hour hand 24 for the alarm time. The second hand 20, minute hand 21 and hour hand 22 indicate a time 10:05'0", while the alarm minute hand 23 and alarm hour hand 24 indicate the same time 10: 05. Fig. 2(b) illustrates a time display in the normal state. The second hand 20, minute hand 21 and hour hand 22 indicate a time 10:05'25", while the alarm minute hand 23 and alarm hour hand 24 indicate an alarm set time 7:00. Description will be made of the operation of the thus configured electronic timepiece in accordance with this embodiment. The external means 6 are first operated to issue a reset signal RS. Thus, the timepiece results in its reset state. In this state, a time correction signal TC and an alarm correction signal AC are used respectively to set the first hand movement device 9 for the time display and the second hand movement device 10 for the alarm time display to the current time. A time 10:05 is then indicated both by the second hand 20, minute hand 21 and hour hand 22 constituting the first hand movement device 9 and by the alarm minute hand 23 and alarm hour hand 24 constituting the second hand movement device 10, as shown in Fig 2(a). The alarm counter 5 and the time clocking circuit 2 reset the content of the counter by use of a reset signal RS. The external input means 6 are then operated to cancel the output of the reset signal RS. This allows the time clocking circuit 2 to start to issue a hand movement signal DS1 every one second as shown in Fig. 3A in response to an input of a hand movement reference signal KS. The first hand movement device 9 accepts the hand movement signal DS1 to start the time display. The time clocking circuit 2 further sends time data 3 every one minute to the coincidence circuit 7. In such conditions, ordinary hand movements for the time display are carried out. In case of setting the alarm time, the external input means 6 are operated to provide an alarm set signal AS as its output to the alarm counter 5. The alarm counter 5 sets an alarm time AL in conformity with the alarm set signal AS. For instance, if the alarm counter 5 accepts a 535 pulse alarm set signal AS, the content of the counter is set to 535, allowing the alarm time AL to be provided as 535 to the coincidence circuit 7. The alarm counter 5 further provides 535 pieces of alarm set signals AD as its output to the second hand movement device 10. As a result, the second hand movement device 10 is allowed to indicate a time of 535 minutes later, i.e., eight hours and 55 minutes later from 10:05 of Fig. 2(a), that is, 7:00 shown in Fig. 2(b). The alarm time AL is set in minutes as described above. Thus, when the count of the time data KL, the output of the time clocking circuit 2 reaches 535 with the elapse of time, the coincidence circuit 7 provides a coincidence signal TR as its output to the warning circuit 8. After the receipt of the coincident signal TR, the waning circuit 8 selects the warning method previously designated by the selection signal SE from the external input means 6, that is, either the buzzer-based warning or the vibration based warning, to perform the warning action. The above operations are carried out in the ordinary state. Also, in the ordinary state, the reference signal generation circuit 1 sends a temperature detection timing signal TS at predetermined intervals of, e.g., one hour to the temperature detection circuit 4, and sends a voltage detection timing signal VS every five minutes to the voltage detection circuit 3. Upon the receipt of these signals, the temperature detection circuit 4 and the voltage detection circuit 3 perform their respective detecting actions and if the detected results are more than the predetermined detection values, both issue no signals. In cases where the electronic timepiece is left alone at a low temperature, however, if it is judged that the detected temperature is the predetermined temperature or below, then the temperature detection circuit 4 feeds a temperature drop signal TD to both the time clocking circuit 2 and the warning circuit 8. The output of this temperature drop signal TD continues until the detection result is updated by the subsequent temperature detection timing signal TS. In response to a receipt of this temperature drop signal TD, the time clocking circuit 2 issues a hand movement signal DS3 shown in Fig. 3C. This allows the second hand 20 to move twice at 0.5 sec. interval two second cycle, resulting in a hand movement mode different from that in the ordinary state. The warning circuit 8 on the other hand prohibits the vibration based warning even though a coincidence signal TR has been received from the coincidence circuit 7 for the duration when the temperature drop signal TD is being input. If the voltage detection circuit 3 judges that the battery voltage is a predetermined voltage value or below, it supplies voltage drop signals BD to both the time clocking circuit 2 and the warning circuit 8. The output of this voltage drop signal BD continues until the detection result is updated by the subsequent voltage detection timing signal VS. In response to a receipt of this voltage drop signal BD, the time clocking circuit 2 issues a hand movement signal DS2 shown in Fig. 3B. As a result of this, the second hand 20 is allowed to move twice at 0.25 sec. interval two second cycle, resulting in a hand movement mode different from that in the ordinary state and the temperature drop state. The warning circuit 8 on the other hand prohibits the vibration based warning and buzzer based warning even if the coincidence signal TR has been received from the coincidence circuit 7 during the time when the voltage drop signal BD is being input. According to the electronic timepiece having the above configuration, any unnecessary waste of the battery is prevented and the user is warned of the state of the battery and the temperature in the timepiece by way of the manners of hand movements. The present invention may be also useful in the following case. For instance, in case a plurality of persons wearing time pieces with buzzer alarm function have dived into the sea, even though one of their timepieces has issued an alarm, the wearers may not tell whose one has issued the alarm. This is due to the fact that the sound transmission speed in the water is about four times faster than that in the air so that there is little difference in times required for the sound to reach the right and left ears of wearers. This makes it difficult to tell the timepiece worn by which wearer has issued an alarm. That is, it is also possible to prohibit the vibration and/or buzzer based warning even in the case of using under the environment extremely different from the ordinary air pressure and to inform the user of the states by way of the hand movements. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to not only electronic wristwatches but also to various types of small-sized electronic equipment having an electronic timepiece function with alarm.

Claims: An electronic timepiece comprising: a reference signal generating circuit (1) for generating reference signals (KS); a time clocking circuit (2) for counting reference signals (KS) from said reference signal generating circuit (1) to provide time information (DS1, DS2, DS3) as its output; warning means (8) for warning the user of a specific time on the basis of time information derived from said time clocking circuit (2); first timepiece state detection means comprising a power source voltage detection circuit (3) for detecting the power source voltage of said timepiece and, if the detection value deviates from a predetermined value, bringing the warning action of said warning means (8) to a stop; characterised in that said electronic timepiece also comprises: second timepiece state detection means comprising a timepiece temperature detection circuit (4) for detecting the temperature of said timepiece and, if the detection value deviates from a predetermined value, bringing the warning action of said warning means (8) to a stop. The electronic timepiece according to claim 1, wherein on the basis of signals (DS1, DS2, DS3) from said timepiece temperature detection circuit (4) and said power source voltage detection circuit (3) the timings (B, C) of time information (20) derived from said time clocking circuit (2) are caused to differ from each other (B from C) and from the timing (A) of time information (20) at the normal state. The electronic timepiece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said warning means (8) comprise buzzer based noise warning means and vibration motor based silent warning means. The electronic timepiece according to claim 3, wherein if the temperature of said electronic timepiece detected by said temperature detection circuit (4) is a predetermined temperature or below, the action of said vibration motor based warning means (8) is brought to a stop. The electronic timepiece according to claim 3, wherein if the power source voltage of said electronic timepiece detected by said voltage detection circuit (3) is a predetermined voltage or below, the action of said buzzer based noise warning means (8) is brought to a stop. The electronic timepiece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the detection of the temperature of said electronic timepiece by said temperature detection circuit (4) is carried out at a certain cycle on the basis of signals (TS) from said reference signal generating circuit (1). The electronic timepiece according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the detection of the power source voltage at said electronic timepiece by said voltage detection circuit (3) is carried out at a cycle different from said cycle of the temperature detection by said temperature detection circuit (4), on the basis of signals (VS) from said reference signal generating circuit (1).

Inventors: ICHIKAWA MASAKAZU, MIYAUCHI NORIO, MURAKAMI TOMOMI, ICHIKAWA, MASAKAZU, MIYAUCHI, NORIO, MURAKAMI, TOMOMI, ICHIKAWA, Masakazu Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., MIYAUCHI, Norio Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., MURAKAMI, Tomomi Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.
Applicants: CITIZEN WATCH CO LTD, CITIZEN WATCH CO. LTD.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: G04C10
IPC codes: G04C10, G04G19, G04C21, H02J1, G04G13