Multiple sprocket assembly adapted to secure a sprocket to an outer race

Abstract: A multiple sprocket apparatus (10) for a bicycle includes an inner race (14) and an outer race (18) having first and second end faces (32, 74) rotatably supported by the inner race (14). The outer race (18) has first and second end faces (32, 74) and is structured for supporting a plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F) on an outer peripheral surface (34) thereof and aligned between the first and second end faces (32, 74). The second end face (74) includes fastening means for fastening a second sprocket thereto.

Description: BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to multiple sprocket assemblies used on bicycles and, more particularly, to a multiple freewheel sprocket assembly which secures one or more sprockets to an outer race of the assembly body. Conventional multiple sprocket assemblies such as freewheels comprise an inner race, an outer race rotatably supported on the inner race by a plurality of ball bearings, and a ratchet/pawl mechanism disposed between the inner race and the outer race for allowing rotation of the outer race relative to the inner race in only one direction. A plurality of sprockets are usually mounted on the outer peripheral surface to of the outer race and are held in place by the smallest or outermost sprocket which has a threaded inner peripheral surface that screws to a threaded portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer race. In such conventional freewheels, the position of the sprocket teeth on one sprocket relative to the sprocket teeth on an adjacent sprocket is not critical, so using a small sprocket which screws to the outer race is quite acceptable. However, some multiple sprocket assemblies employ special chain shifting structures on the sprockets. Such chain shifting structures, especially those employed in multiple sprocket assemblies mounted on a freehub sold by the present assignee under the HYPERGLIDE® trademark, are quite desirable because they ensure proper chain shifting even under severe riding conditions. In order to function properly, the chain shifting structures must be specially positioned from one sprocket to another, and this is accomplished by a splined coupling between the sprockets and the outer race. Of course, such multiple sprocket assemblies cannot use a threaded small sprocket since the ultimate position of a threaded sprocket is not fixed. Consequently, the smallest sprocket is usually fixed in place on the outer race using a splined coupling, and all sprockets are retained to the assembly body by a lock ring which screws to a threaded portion of the outer race and which is positioned adjacent to the smallest sprocket. In order to accommodate the lock ring while keeping the depth of the multiple sprocket assembly to a minimum, the lock ring sometimes includes a cylindrical portion which fits partially inside the smallest sprocket. However, this construction limits the minimum inside diameter of the smallest sprocket which, in turn, limits the minimum number of teeth on the smallest sprocket. Known multiple sprocket assemblies constructed in this way have a limit of 13 teeth for the smallest diameter sprocket. Thus, if the cyclist wants a sprocket with fewer teeth, he or she must settle for a conventional multiple sprocket assembly without the desirable chain shifting structures. WO-A-8904258 (Société Wolber) relates to a rear bicycle hub combined with a free wheel. The free wheel has an assembly comprising a hub with integral shaft which bears on a fixed axle through two bearings, only one of which absorbs the axial forces. US4,674,617 (Shimano, Inc) discloses a free wheel which forms a close annual space between drive-in member and driven member facilitating supply of lubricant into the space without being effected by bearings therein. SUMMARY OF INVENTION According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a multiple freewheel sprocket assembly in accordance with Claim 1. A preferred embodiment provides a multiple freewheel sprocket apparatus for a bicycle which employs chain shifting structures on the sprockets while also allowing the use of small number of teeth on the smallest sprocket. In one embodiment of the present invention, a multiple sprocket freewheel apparatus for a bicycle includes an inner race and an outer race rotatably supported by the inner race. The outer race has first and second end faces and is structured for supporting a plurality of first sprockets on an outer peripheral surface thereof and aligned between the first and second end faces. The second end face includes fastening means for fastening a second sprocket thereto. In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, a multiple sprocket apparatus for a bicycle includes an inner race and an outer race having first and second end faces rotatably supported by the inner race. A plurality of first sprockets are disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the outer race and are aligned between the first and second end faces of the outer race. A second sprocket includes one or more openings on a side thereof, and the outer race includes one or more threaded openings on the second end face which align with the openings in the second sprocket. Threaded bolts pass through the openings in the second sprocket and into the threaded openings in the outer race for fixing the second sprocket to the outer race. In another embodiment of the present invention, the second sprocket includes a ledge extending from a side thereof, and a third sprocket is disposed on the ledge. The third sprocket may be formed integrally with the ledge, but the third sprocket also may be retained on the ledge by a lock ring, by welding, screwing etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1A is a partial cross sectional view of a particular embodiment of a multiple sprocket assembly according to the present invention; Figure 1B is a front view of the assembly shown in Figure 1; Figure 1C is a magnified view of components of the multiple sprocket assembly shown in Figure 1A; Figure 2A is a partial cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a multiple sprocket assembly according to the present invention; Figure 2B is a front view of the assembly shown in Figure 2A; Figure 2C is a magnified view of components of the multiple sprocket assembly shown in Figure 2A; Figure 3 is a partial cross sectional view of a particular embodiment of the penultimate sprocket used in the assembly shown in Figures 2A-2C; Figure 4 is a partial cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a penultimate sprocket which can be used in the assembly shown in Figures 2A-2C; Figure 5 is a partial cross sectional view of another embodiment of a penultimate sprocket which can be used in the assembly shown in Figures 2A-2C; and Figure 6 is a partial cross sectional view of another embodiment of a penultimate sprocket which can be used in the assembly shown in Figures 2A-2C. DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE EMBODIMENTS Figures 1A and 1B are partial cross sectional and front views, respectively, of a particular embodiment of a multiple sprocket assembly 10 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, assembly 10 is in the form a freewheel structure. Figure 1C is a magnified view of the components of the freewheel shown in Figure 1A. As shown in those figures, freewheel assembly 10 includes an inner race 14, an outer race 18, and a plurality of ball bearings 22 which rotatably support outer race 18 on inner race 14. A well-known ratchet/pawl mechanism 26 is disposed between inner race 14 and outer race 18 for allowing rotation of outer race 18 relative to inner race 14 in only one direction. A plurality of sprockets 30A-30F are fitted to on outer peripheral surface 34 of outer race 18 between end faces 32 and 74 thereof. In this embodiment, spacers 33A-33E are disposed between the sprockets 30A-30F. Spacers 33A-33E may comprise separate rings or be formed as one piece with individual sprockets. Outer race 18 includes stepped cylindrical portions 38 and 42, and a flange 50 extends radially outwardly from one end of cylindrical portion 38 for abutting against sprocket 30A. As shown in Figure 1B, each sprocket employs chain shifting structures such as chain ramps 33 and/or specially configured sprocket teeth 35. These chain shifting structures must be properly aligned from one sprocket to another. To accomplish this, stepped portion 38 include splines 54 for engaging 58 on the inner peripheral surfaces of sprockets 30A to 30C, and cylindrical portion 42 includes splines 62 for engaging splines 66 on the inner peripheral surface of sprockets 30D-30F. This fixes each sprocket in the proper position. A plurality of threaded openings 70 are formed in the end face 74 of the outer race 18, and a corresponding plurality of openings 78 are formed in the side surface of a sprocket 30G. In this embodiment, threaded screws or bolts 82 extend through openings 78 into threaded openings 70 for securing sprocket 30G to end face 74 so that a flang 84 of sprocket 30G contact sprocket 30F. Of course, flange 84 may be formed as a separate spacer ring. In this embodiment, bolts 82 are allen head bolts, but other types of bolts may be used instead. Since sprocket 30G is fitted to the end face 74 of outer race 18, the inner peripheral surface 88 of sprocket 30G can be smaller than the inner peripheral surfaces of the other sprockets, and the number of teeth on sprocket 30G can be reduced accordingly. Additionally, a spacer is not required, so the freewheel can be thinner than prior art freewheels. Figures 2A and 2B are partial cross sectional and front views, respectively, of an alternative embodiment of a multiple sprocket freewheel assembly 100 according to the present invention. Figure 2C is a magnified view of the components of the freewheel shown in Figure 2A. As shown in those figures, freewheel assembly 100 includes an inner race 114, an outer race 118, and a plurality of ball bearings 122 which rotatably support outer race 118 on inner race 114. A well-known ratchet/pawl mechanism 126 is disposed between inner race 114 and outer race 118 for allowing rotation of outer race 118 relative to inner race 114 in only one direction. A plurality of sprockets 130A-130D are fitted to an outer peripheral surface 134 of outer race 118. Outer race 118 includes stepped generally cylindrical portions 138, 142 and 144, and a flange 150 extends radially outwardly from one end of cylindrical portion 138 for abutting against sprocket 130A. As in the first embodiment, each sprocket includes chain shifting structures such as chain ramps 133 and/or specially configured teeth 135. To properly position the sprockets, cylindrical portion 138 includes splines 154 for engaging splines 158 on the inner peripheral surfaces of sprockets 130A-130C, and cylindrical portion 142 includes splines 162 for engaging splines 166 on the inner peripheral surface of sprocket 130D. As shown more clearly in Figures 2C and 3, a plurality of threaded openings 170 are formed in the end face 174 of outer race 118, and a corresponding plurality of openings 178 are formed in the side surface of a sprocket 130E. In this embodiment, threaded screws or bolts 182 extend through openings 178 into threaded openings 170 for securing sprocket 130E to end face 174 so that a flange 184 of sprocket 130E fits on cylindrical portion 144 of outer race 118 and contacts sprocket 130D. Of course, flange 184 may be formed as a separate spacer ring. In this embodiment, bolts 182 are allen head bolts, but other types of bolts may be used instead. Sprocket 130E includes a first ledge 192 and a second ledge 193 which is disposed radially inwardly from first ledge 192. A plurality of splines 195 are disposed on the outer peripheral surface 196 of second ledge 193, and an inner peripheral surface 197 of second ledge 193 forms a threaded surface. A sprocket 130F having complementary splines 199 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of second ledge 193. A lock ring 200 maintains sprocket 130F in place on second ledge 193. Lock ring 200 comprises a cylindrical portion 204 and a flange 208 which extends radially outwardly from cylindrical portion 204. An outer peripheral surface 210 of cylindrical portion 204 is threaded for meshing with the threaded inner peripheral surface 197 of second ledge 193. Flange 208 abuts against sprocket 130F when lock ring 200 is screwed into ledge 193. Because of the reduced diameter of ledge 193, sprocket 130F may have fewer teeth than if sprocket 130F was fitted to the outer peripheral surface of outer race 118. In this embodiment, sprocket 130F has eleven teeth. However, sprocket 130F may be formed with even fewer teeth by making second ledge 193 the appropriate size. Figure 4 is a partial cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of sprocket 130E. In this embodiment, an outer peripheral surface 220 of second ledge 193 is threaded for meshing with a threaded inner peripheral surface 224 of sprocket 130F. In this embodiment, sprocket 130F may be screwed directly onto sprocket 130E without using a lock ring. Figure 5 is a partial cross sectional view of another alternative embodiment of sprocket 130E. In this embodiment, an outer peripheral surface of second ledge 193 includes a splined portion 230 and a threaded portion 234. Sprocket 130F fits to splined portion 230 in the same manner shown in Figure 3, but in this embodiment an annular lock ring 240 having a threaded inner peripheral surface 244 is screwed onto threaded portion 234 for maintaining sprocket 130F in place. Figure 6 is a partial cross sectional view of another alternative embodiment of sprocket 130E. In this embodiment, sprocket 130F is formed as one piece with ledge 193. While the above is a description of various embodiments of the present invention, further modifications may be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Further ledges may be provided on the end of ledge 193 to accommodate additional smaller sprockets. Thus, the scope of the invention should not be limited by specific structures disclosed. Instead the true scope of the invention should be determined by the following claims.

Claims: A multiple freewheel sprocket apparatus for a bicycle comprising: an inner race (14;114) adapted to be connected co-axially to a hub of a rear bicycle wheel; an outer race (18;118) rotatably supported by a plurality of ball bearings (22;122) located between the inner race (14) and the outer race (18;118), the outer race (18;118) having first and second end faces (32, 74; 174); wherein the outer race (18; 118) is structured for supporting a plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F;130A-130D) on an outer peripheral surface (34;134) thereof and aligned between the first and second end faces (32,74;174); characterised in that the second end face (74; 174) includes fastening means (70; 170) comprising at least one threaded opening (70; 170) disposed in the second end face (74; 174) for fastening a second sprocket (30G;130E) thereto, said fastening means (70;170) being located radially outwards relative to those ball bearings (22;122) located closest to the second end face (74;174). The apparatus according to Claim 1, including a plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F;130A-130D) disposed on said outer peripheral surface (34; 134) of the outer race (18; 118) and aligned between the first and second end faces (32,74; 174). The apparatus according to Claim 2, including a second sprocket (30G;130E) including an opening (78;178) on a side thereof; wherein the threaded opening (70;170) on the second end face of the outer race (18;118) aligns with the opening (78;178) in the second sprocket (30G;130E); and a threaded bolt (82; 182) which passes through the opening (78;178) in the second sprocket (30G;130E) and into the threaded opening (70;170) in the outer race (18;118) for fixing the second sprocket (30G;130E) to the outer race (18;118). The apparatus according to Claim 3 wherein the outer peripheral surface (34;134) of the outer race (18;118) comprises a splined outer race surface, and wherein an inner peripheral surface of each of the plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F;130A-130D) comprises a splined first sprocket surface which meshes with the first splined outer race surface. The apparatus according to Claim 3 or Claim 4 wherein the second sprocket (130E) has a first side and a second side, wherein the first side of the second sprocket (130E) is retained to the second end face (174) of the outer race (118), and further comprising a third sprocket (130F) retained to the second side of the second sprocket (130E). The apparatus according to Claim 5 wherein the second sprocket (130E) includes a ledge (193) having an outer peripheral surface extending from the second side of the second sprocket (130E), and wherein the third sprocket (130F) is disposed about the outer peripheral surface of the ledge (193). The apparatus according to Claim 6 wherein the outer peripheral surface of the ledge (193) comprises a first threaded surface (220), and wherein an inner peripheral surface of the third sprocket (130F) comprises a second threaded surface (224) which meshes with the first threaded surface (220). The apparatus according to Claim 6 wherein a surface of the ledge (193) comprises a first threaded surface (197), and further comprising a lock ring (200) including: a generally cylindrical member (204) having a second threaded surface (210) which meshes with the first threaded surface (197); and a radially outwardly extending flange (208) disposed on the cylindrical member (204) for retaining the third sprocket (130F) to the second sprocket (130E). The apparatus according to Claim 8 wherein the first threaded surface (197) is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of the ledge (193), and wherein the second threaded surface (210) is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member (204). The apparatus according to Claim 6 wherein an outer peripheral surface of the ledge comprises a first threaded surface (234), and further comprising an annular lock ring (240) for retaining the third sprocket (130F) to the second sprocket (130E), the lock ring (240) having a threaded inner peripheral surface (244) for meshing with the first threaded surface (234). The apparatus according to any of Claims 6 to 10 wherein the outer peripheral surface of the ledge (193) comprises a first splined ledge surface, and wherein an inner peripheral surface of the third sprocket (130F) comprises a second splined third sprocket surface which meshes with the first splined ledge surface. The apparatus according to Claim 5, wherein the third sprocket (130F) is formed as one piece with the second sprocket (130E). The apparatus according to Claim 5, wherein the third sprocket (130F) is welded (300) to the second sprocket (130E). The apparatus according to any of Claims 5 to 13 wherein the second sprocket (130E) includes a plurality of openings (178), wherein the outer race (118) includes a plurality of threaded openings (170) on the second end face (174) which align with the plurality of openings (178) in the second sprocket (130E), wherein the plurality of openings (178) in the second sprocket (130E) are aligned between adjacent teeth of the third sprocket (130F), and further comprising a plurality of threaded bolts 182), each of which passes through one of the plurality of openings (178) in the second sprocket (130E) and into a corresponding one of the plurality of threaded openings (170) in the outer race (118). The apparatus according Claim 14 wherein the first end face of the outer race (118) is formed on a radially outwardly extending flange (150). The apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein the outer peripheral surface (34;134) of the outer race (18;118) includes a plurality of splines (54,62;154,162). The apparatus according to Claim 16, wherein said plurality of splines (54,62;154,162) is disposed on the outer peripheral surface (34;134) of the outer race (18;118); and including a plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F;130A-130D) disposed on the outer peripheral surface (34;134) of the outer race (18;118) and meshing with the plurality of splines (54,62;154,162) on the outer peripheral surface (34,134) of the outer race (18;118), the plurality of first sprockets (30A-30F;130A-130D) being aligned between the first and second end faces (32,74;174); and a second sprocket (30G;130E) fastened to the outer race (18;118) by said fastening means (70;170). The apparatus according to Claim 17 wherein the fastening means comprises bolts (82;182).

Inventors: TIONG KHOO KEAN, TIONG, KHOO KEAN
Applicants: SHIMANO SINGAPORE PRIVATE LTD, SHIMANO (SINGAPORE) PRIVATE, LIMITED
Application year: 1997
Main classification: B62M9
IPC codes: B62M9