AN UNMANNED VEHICLE

Abstract: The invention relates to an unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS. The vehicle (1) is provided with a monitoring system with sensors, with the aid of which a check can be made or intervention can be resorted to in the event of unsatisfactory operation of the unmanned vehicle (1) and/or agricultural implement supported or towed thereby during operation.

Description: AN UNMANNED VEHICLE The invention relates to an unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS. Such a vehicle is known. With such a vehicle problems can arise such that the navigation system fails in its determination of the vehicle's position without this being noticed. Furthermore, during operation problems can also arise when a defect occurs in an agricultural implement which is supported or towed by the agricultural vehicle or when an operation is not accomplished by the agricultural implement in a required manner. It is an object of the invention to provide an agricultural vehicle as described in the introduction hereto, in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided or are at least obviated for the greater part. According to the invention, this is achieved in that the vehicle is provided with a monitoring system including sensors, with the aid of which a check can be made or intervention can be resorted to if, during operation, the unmanned vehicle and/or an agricultural implement supported or towed thereby do/does not function in accordance with the requirements therefor. In order to prevent the vehicle from going off its course or that the agricultural implement performs an incorrect operation, the monitoring system, according to a further inventive feature, is provided with a computer which, after having received signals from the sensors, transmits a signal to the vehicle's control system in order to stop the vehicle. After the vehicle has stopped, according to yet another inventive feature, a supervisor is warned by the computer of such an occurrence via the transmitting installation. Therefore, the invention also relates to an unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that the computer gives a warning to a supervisor via the transmitting installation in the event of an interruption occurring. In order to avoid the need for the supervisor to remain in the vicinity of the vehicle during its operation, according to a further inventive feature, the monitoring system comprises a mobile transceiver installation with the aid of which the supervisor is informed as to whether the vehicle is functioning correctly or not and by which means the supervisor is enabled to issue instructions to the vehicle and/or the agricultural implement. According to another feature of the invention, the mobile transceiver installation comprises optical and/or acoustical means with the aid of which the supervisor is given a warning. In order to determine the distance to the edge of a plot or an object in the vicinity of the vehicle, according to yet another inventive feature, the sensors of the monitoring system comprise one or itiore telemeters. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the telemeter comprises a rotating scanning element. By means of the rotating scanning element the vicinity in a circle around the unmanned vehicle can be scanned. According to a further aspect of the invention, the monitoring system comprises a first camera, which is rotatably and/or pivotably fitted near the front of the vehicle, as well as a second rotatable and/or pivotable camera, mounted on a vertically arranged standard fitted to the vehicle approximately in the centre thereof to the rear. The whole vicinity around the unmanned vehicle can be brought into view by these two cameras . Another characterizing feature of the invention is the transmission via the transceiver installation of the camera- collected images of the area around the unmanned vehicle to the mobile transceiver installation where they are reproduced on a viewing screen. The supervisor is thus enabled to view the area around the vehicle from a distance. Therefore, the invention also relates to an unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, and which is characterized in that a camera is rotatably mounted on a standard. A following characterizing feature of the invention is that the sensors of the monitoring system comprise a clinometer with the aid of which the angle of the vehicle with respect to a horizontal plane can be determined. Accord- ing to the invention, the clinometer comprises a pendulum arm with a counterweight and a potentiometer accommodated in the pendulum's pivot shaft and with the aid of which the angle assumed by the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane can be determined. Yet another characterizing feature is that the computer of the monitoring system stores an adjustable threshold value for the angle assumed by the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane, as well as alarming means by means of which the supervisor is warned in the event of the threshold value being exceeded. According to again another inventive feature, the computer comprises an blocking system with the aid of which the vehicle control system is put out of operation if the threshold value is exceeded. In this manner the vehicle is prevented from toppling over. According to yet a further aspect of the invention, the vehicle's monitoring system is provided with sensors on both sides of the vehicle close to the front and rear sides and in the centre thereof and with the aid of which the distance to the ground can be measured. By measuring the distance of the vehicle to the ground at three points, during ploughing for example a check can be made as to whether there is obtained an even furrow having a constant depth. Therefore, the invention also relates to an unmanned vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that the monitoring system of the vehicle is provided with sensors on both sides of the vehicle close to the front and rear sides and in the centre thereof and with the aid of which the distance to the ground can be measured. If the sensors determine that the furrow deviates from the desired furrow then, according to a further characterizing feature of the invention, the supervisor can remotely adjust the plough hydraulically by means of the mobile transceiver installation. The invention therefore also relates to an unmanned vehicle, preferably an agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, and characterized in that the vehicle is provided with a hydraulic plough adjuster which can be remotely operated by a supervisor via a mobile transceiver installation. In order to determine on which plot or part of a plot the unmanned vehicle is operating, according to another characterizing feature of the invention, the computer comprises a coding system in which codes relating to the parts of the plots to be worked by the vehicle are stored. It will be clear that the monitoring system described in the foregoing can also be produced as a separate system for later installation into an unmanned vehicle as described above. The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a plan view of an unmanned agricul- tural vehicle according to the invention during operation on a plot; Figure 2 shows a side elevation of the unmanned agricultural vehicle viewed in the direction of the arrow II in Figure 1; Figure 3 shows a plan view of the unmanned agricultural vehicle viewed in the direction of the arrow III in Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a front elevation of the unmanned agricultural vehicle viewed in the direction of the arrow IV in Figure 2; Figure 1 shows a plan view of an unmanned vehicle 1 with a plough 2 therebehind which is engaged in ploughing a plot 3. Stationary transceiver installations 4 are installed at each of the four corners of the plot 3. Each of these transceiver installations 4 is capable of cooperating with a transceiver installation 5 which is fitted to the unmanned vehicle 1. With the aid of the stationary transceiver instal- lation 4 and the transceiver installation 5 fitted to the unmanned agricultural vehicle, the position of the unmanned vehicle 1 on the plot can be very accurately determined. The unmanned agricultural vehicle 1 is further provided with a monitoring system including sensors, with the aid of which a check can be made or intervention can be resorted to if, during operation, the unmanned vehicle 1 or an agricultural implement supported or towed thereby does not function in accordance with the requirements therefor. Notification of such malfunctioning of the vehicle and/or the agricultural implement is then transmitted by means of the transceiver installation 5 to a (non-shown) mobile transceiver installation whereby the attention of the supervisor is drawn to the malfunctioning of the vehicle and/or the agricultural implement. The supervisor can issue instruc- tions to the vehicle 1 or the agricultural implement via the mobile transceiver installation. A first rotatable camera 6 is mounted close to the front of the vehicle 1 with the aid of which images from the front of the vehicle 1 can be collected. Via the transceiver installation 5 the images are transmitted to the supervisor's mobile transceiver installation, whereupon the supervisor can view the images on a viewing screen. Centre-rear of the vehicle 1 a substantially vertical telescopically extendable standard 7 is fitted and on the extremity of which a second rotatably pivotable camera 8 is also fitted. By means of the second camera 8 images are likewise collected from the area around the vehicle 1. A rotatable telemeter 9 is also fitted to the extremity of the standard 7 and with the aid of which the distance to certain objects somewhere around the vehicle 1 can be determined. In the event of there being a strange object at a specific distance from the vehicle 1 and by which the progress of the latter may be impeded, the monitoring system automatically puts the control system of the vehicle 1 out of operation so that it comes to a stop added to which the monitoring system informs the supervisor of the incident. By means of the images recorded by the camera the supervisor is able to pass instructions via the mobile transceiver installation so that the obstruction can be avoided. Furthermore, a pendulum arm 10 iε fitted to the front side of the vehicle 1, which pendulum arm 10 iε rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis 11 and is provided with a counterweight 12 on its lower side. Because of the action of the counterweight 12 and iihe freely pivoting pendulum arm 10, the latter remains substantially vertical irrespective of the angle-of-slope adopted by the vehicle 1. In the shaft 11 there is provided a (non-shown) clinometer by means of which the angle-of-slope of the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane can be determined. In the presently described embodiment of the invention, the clinometer comprises a potentiometer. The pendulum arm 10 further comprises an antenna 13 of the transceiver installation 5 close to its upper side. The monitoring system further comprises a computer 15 accommodated in the cabin 14 of the vehicle 1. The computer 15 is programmed with an adjustable threshold value for the angle-of-slope of the vehicle together with alarming means which warn the supervisor if the threshold value is exceeded. In the event of a signal being given by the clinometer that the threshold value has been exceeded, then a vehicle-control blocking system is activated to put the control system of the vehicle out of operation, whereafter the vehicle is stopped. The supervisor is warned of the incident via the alarming means, whereafter he is enabled to intervene. The vehicle 1 is further provided with sensors 16 on both sides close to the front and rear sides and the centre with the aid of which the distance to the ground can be measured. By means of the sensors 16, for example, it is possible to determine during ploughing whether the ploughed furrow has the required depth. If the measured depth deviates from the required depth, then the supervisor is informed thereof via the transceiver installation 5. The supervisor can then remotely control a hydraulic plough adjuster in order that the required depth is achieved. In the computer 15, by means of a coding system, a plot 3 is split into rectangular areas 17 each of which areas is provided with a unique distinguishing code, see Figure 1. If a fault is reported, the supervisor is enabled to determine exactly in which of the areas 17 the vehicle 1 is located.

Claims: CLA IMS 1. An unmanned agricultural vehicle ( 1 ) , such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that the vehicle (1) is provided with a monitoring system including sensors, with the aid of which a check can be made or intervention can be resorted to if, during operation, the unmanned vehicle (1) and/or an agricultural implement supported or towed thereby do/does not function in accordance with the requirements therefor. 2. An unmanned vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring system is provided with a computer (15) which, after having received signals from the sensors, transmits a signal to the control system of the vehicle (1) in order to stop the vehicle. 3. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the computer (15) gives a warning to a supervisor via the transmitting installation (5) in the event of an interruption occurring. 4. An unmanned vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, charac- terized in that the computer (15) gives a warning to a supervisor via the transceiver installation (5) in the event of an interruption occurring. 5. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitoring system comprises a mobile transceiver installation with the aid of which the supervisor is informed as to whether or not the vehicle (1) is functioning correctly and by which means the supervisor is enabled to issue instructions to the vehicle (1) and/or the agricultural implement. 6. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the mobile transceiver installation comprises optical and/or acoustical means with the aid of which the supervisor is given a warning. 7. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensors of the monitoring system comprise a telemeter (9; 16) with the aid of which the distance to the edge of a plot or an object in the vicinity of the vehicle (1) can be determined. 8. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the telemeter (9) comprises a rotating scanning element. 9. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitoring system comprises a first camera (6) which is rotatably mounted on the vehicle (1) close to the front side thereof. 10. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second camera (8) is mounted on the unmanned vehicle. 11. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the second camera (8) is mounted on a substantially vertical standard (7). 12. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the standard (7) is telescopically extendable . 13. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the standard (7) is fitted to the vehicle (1) approximately in the centre thereof to the rear. 14. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 10 - 13, characterized in that the second camera (8) is rotatably and/or pivotably mounted on the standard (7). 15. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 9 - 14, characterized in that the images collected by the first and second cameras (6; 8) are transmitted via the transceiver installation (5) to the mobile transceiver installation and are reproduced on a viewing screen. 16. An unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a trac- tor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that a camera (6; 8) is rotatably mounted on a standard . 17. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensors of the monitoring system comprise a clinometer with the aid of which the angle of the vehicle with respect to a horizontal plane can be determined. 18. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clinometer comprises a pendulum arm (10) with a counterweight (12) and a potentiometer accommodated in the pendulum's pivot shaft and with the aid of which the angle assumed by the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane can be determined. 19. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the computer (15) of the monitoring system stores an adjustable threshold value for the angle assumed by the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane together with alarming means by which the supervisor is warned in the event of the threshold value being exceeded. 20. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in claim 19, charac- terized in that the computer (15) includes an blocking system with the aid of which the vehicle control system is put out of operation if the threshold value is exceeded. 21. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitoring system of the vehicle (1) is provided with sensors (16) on both sides of the vehicle close to the front and rear sides and in the centre thereof and with the aid of which the distance to the ground can be measured. 22. An unmanned agricultural vehicle, such as a trac- tor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite-navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that the monitoring system of the vehicle (1) iε provided with sensors (16) on both sides of the vehicle close to the front and rear sides and in the centre thereof and with the aid of which the distance to the ground can be measured. 23. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle (1) is provided with a hydraulic plough adjuster which can be remotely operated by the supervisor via the mobile transceiver installation. 24. An unmanned vehicle, preferably an agricultural vehicle, such as a tractor, provided with a transceiver installation (5) which is arranged to cooperate with a stationary transceiver installation (4) and/or a satellite- navigation system, such as GPS, characterized in that the vehicle (1) is provided with a hydraulic plough adjuster which can be remotely operated by a supervisor via a mobile transceiver installation. 25. An unmanned vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the computer (15) comprises a coding system in which codes of the plots and/or parts of a plot to be worked by the vehicle can be stored and withdrawn therefrom. 26. A monitoring system as described in any one of the preceding claims.

Inventors: VAN DER LELY CORNELIS, VAN DER LELY, CORNELIS
Applicants: LELY CORNELIS V D, MAASLAND NV, MAASLAND N.V., VAN DER LELY, CORNELIS
Application year: 1997
Main classification: G05D1
IPC codes: A01B69, G01S5, G05D1