Eyeglass lens grinding machine

Abstract: The configuration of an eyeglass frame is measured with an eyeglass frame configuration measuring device and entered into a lens configuration measuring device which, on the basis of the input configurational data, measures the edge positions of a processed lens. Any insufficiency in the diameter of the lens to be processed relative to the frame configurational data is detected by a grinding machine which measures the lens configuration excluding the undersized area, which is displayed in a display section with respect to the desired frame configuration. The operator makes a decision as to whether he should process the lens and enters a command for processing if he finds it necessary. In response to the entry of the command for processing, the grinding machine computes the data for processing the lens on the basis of the lens edge positions, interpolates the data for processing the undersized areas on the basis of the edge positions as measured with the lens configuration measuring device, and performs lens processing with the carriage and lens grinding sections being controlled on the basis of the measured data.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an eyeglass lens grinding machine for processing lenses to be fitted in an eyeglass frame. Eyeglass lens grinding machines are known that process lenses by grinding on the basis of configurational data obtained by tracing the eyeglass frame or template with an eyeglass frame tracer. Some apparatus of this type include edge position detecting means which detects the position of the edge of the lens to be processed on the basis of radius vector information from the eyeglass frame tracer. If the diameter of the lens to be processed is insufficient, the gage head of the edge position detecting means comes out of engagement with the lens, this event is notified to the operator, and then the apparatus stops the subsequent processing steps. Thus, the conventional eyeglass lens grinding machine is adapted to refrain from processing if the lens to be processed cannot be shaped to completely fit the configuration of the eyeglass frame. However, if the insufficiency of lens diameter is of such a small degree that the tapered edge (bevel) of the lens to be processed is hidden by the peripheral groove of the eyeglass frame, the processing may be performed without any practical problems. In this case, the operator wants to process the lens but finds it impossible to do so with the conventional grinding machine. The need to perform a grinding operation despite the insufficiency of lens diameter will occur most frequently when changing frames and it is a great inconvenience if the grinding operation cannot be performed during frame changing. US-A-5 053 971 discloses a computer controlled apparatus and a method for edging an optical lens blank into a lens having the seize and shape of a lens opening in an eye glass frame. The apparatus can check whether the thickness of the optical lens is sufficient for the edging process and whether the chipping or fracturing of the lens edge will not occur using surface mapping wheels attached to encoder arms. EP 0 379 427, which discloses the closest prior art, discloses an uncut lens judging apparatus for a lens grinding machine. The lens judging apparatus has correcting means, capable of automatically correcting a cutting origin when the lens is not large enough to be cut into a lens frame configuration. However, this known solution for a deficiency of a lens diameter is that the lens judging apparatus permits a non-coincidence between an ocular axis of an eye and an optical axis of a lens. That is, if the lens is not large enough to be cut into a lens frame configuration, the optical axis of the lens is shifted so that the optical axis of the lens and the ocular axis of an eye do not coincide. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been accomplished under these circumstances and has as an object providing an eyeglass lens grinding machine that is capable of processing a lens appropriately if it is only slightly insufficient in lens diameter or if the operator wants to process it despite the insufficiency of lens diameter. This object is solved by the features of claim 1. The subclaims are directed to preferred embodiments of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the general construction of an eyeglass lens grinding machine according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a carriage. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the drive mechanism of the carriage as viewed in the direction of arrow A. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the general construction of a lens configuration measuring section. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lens configuration measuring section. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the lens configuration measuring section. Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a spring and a pin. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the outer appearance of display section 3 and input section 4. Fig. 9 shows the essential part of the block diagram of the electrical control system for the grinding machine. Fig. 10A is a flowchart showing an exemplary sequence of steps for processing the lens. Fig. 10B is a flowchart showing a modified sequence of steps for processing the lens. Fig. 10C is a flowchart showing another modified sequence of steps for processing the lens. Fig. 11 is a diagram for explaining the measuring operation of a lens configuration measuring device. Fig. 12 shows an exemplary image which appears in the display section when the diameter of the lens to be processed is insufficient. Fig. 13a is a diagram showing the edge positions of the front and rear refractive lens surfaces as relative to the radius vector angle. Fig. 13b is a diagram illustrating how the undersized area a-b is interpolated by splining. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an exemplary display of the information on the edge position in the presence of an incomplete interval. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT One embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. <General Construction of an Eyeglass Lens Grinding Machine> FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the general construction of an eyeglass lens grinding machine in accordance with the present invention. The reference numeral 1 indicates a machine base, on which the components of the lens grinding machine are arranged. The reference numeral 2 indicates a eyeglass frame configuration measuring device, which is arranged in the upper section of the grinding machine and which is capable of producing three-dimensional configurational data on the eyeglass frame and template (see commonly assigned U.S. Patent 5,333,412). Arranged in front of the measuring device 2 are a display section 3, through which measurement results, calculation results, etc. are displayed in the form of characters or graphics, and an input section 4, at which data is entered or commands are given to the device. Provided in the front section of the grinding machine is a lens configuration measuring device 5 for measuring the imaginary edge thickness, etc. of a lens to be processed. The reference numeral 6 indicates a lens grinding section, where an abrasive wheel means 60, which is composed of a rough abrasive wheel 60a for glass lenses, a rough abrasive wheel 60b for plastic lenses and an abrasive wheel 60c for tapered edge (bevel) and plane machining, is rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft 61, which is attached to the base 1 by means of fixing bands 62. Attached to one end of the rotating shaft 61 is a pulley 63, which is linked through a belt 64 with a pulley 66 attached to the rotating shaft of an AC motor 65. Accordingly, rotation of the motor 65 causes the abrasive wheel means 60 to rotate. The reference numeral 7 indicates a carriage section, and the reference numeral 700 indicates a carriage. <Construction of Main Components> (A) Carriage Section The construction will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carriage. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a drive mechanism for the carriage, as viewed in a direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 1. The carriage 700 is adapted to chuck a lens LE to be processed such that it not only rotates the lens LE but also changes the distance from the rotating shaft 61 of the abrasive wheel means 60 to the lens LE, as well as the axial position of the lens. A carriage shaft 702 is rotatably and slidably supported on a shaft 701 secured on the base 1, and further, the carriage 700 is rotatably supported on the carriage shaft 702. Timing pulleys 703a, 703b and 703c having the same number of teeth are fixed on a left end, a right end and an intermediate position therebetween of the carriage shaft 702, respectively. Lens rotating shaft 704a and 704b are coaxially and rotatably supported on the carriage 700, extending in parallel to and at an unchanged distance from the shaft 701. The lens rotating shaft 704b is rotatably supported in a rack 705 which is movable in the axial direction. The rack 705 can be moved in the axial direction by a pinion 707 fixed on a rotational shaft of a motor 706. As a result, the lens rotating shaft 704b moves axially either away or towards the rotating shaft 704a to clamp the lens LE. Pulleys 708a and 708b having the same number of teeth are provided on the lens rotating shafts 704a and 704b and linked through timing belts 709a and 709b with the pulleys 703c and 703b, respectively. An intermediate plate 710 is rotatably fixed on the left side of the carriage 700. The intermediate plate 710 is provided with two cam followers 711 which clamp a guide shaft 712 which is secured on the base 1, extending in parallel to the shaft 701. The intermediate plate 710 includes a rack 713 which extends parallel to the shaft 701 and which meshes with a pinion 715 attached on a rotational shaft of a motor 714, secured to the base 1, for lateral movement of the carriage. With such an arrangement, the motor 714 can move the carriage 700 in the axial direction of the shaft 701. A drive plate 716 is securely fixed on the left end of the carriage 700, and a rotational shaft 717 is rotatably provided on the drive plate 716, extending in parallel to the shaft 701. A pulley 718 having the same number of teeth as the pulleys 708a and 708b is provided on the left end of the rotational shaft 717, and the pulley 718 is linked through a timing belt 719 with the pulley 703a. A gear 720 is provided on the right end of the rotational shaft 717, and the gear 720 meshes with a gear attached on a motor 721. When the motor 721 is rotated, the gear 720 causes the pulley 718 to rotate so that the carriage shaft 702 is rotated through the timing belt 719, thus rotating the lens chuck shafts 704a and 704b in synchronism through the pulleys 703c and 703b, the timing belts 709a and 709b, and the pulleys 708a and 708b. A block 722 is fixed on the drive plate 716 coaxially with the rotational shaft 717 and rotatably, and the motor 721 is secured on the block 722. A shaft 723 is secured on the intermediate plate 710, extending in parallel to the shaft 701, and a correction block 724 is rotatably fixed on the shaft 723. A round rack 725 extends in parallel to the shortest line segment connecting the axis of the rotational shaft 717 and the axis of the shaft 723, and the round rack 725 is slidably provided, passing through a hole bored in the correction block 724. A stopper 726 is fixed on the round rack 725 so as to restrict upward sliding movement of the round rack 725 upon contact with the correction block 724. A sensor 727 is installed on the intermediate plate 710 so as to detect the contact condition between the stopper 726 and the correction block 724. Therefore, the grinding condition of the lens LE can be checked. A pinion 730 fixed on a rotational shaft 729 of a motor 728 which is secured on the block 722 meshes with the round rack 725, so that an axial distance r' between the rotational shaft 717 and the shaft 723 can be controlled by the motor 728. Further, with this construction, a linear relation is maintained between the axial distance r' and the rotational angle of the motor 728. A hook of a spring 731 is hung on the drive plate 716, and a wire 732 is hung on a hook on the other side of the spring 731. A drum is attached on a rotational shaft of a motor 733 secured on the intermediate plate 710, so that the wire 732 can be wound on the drum. Thus, the grinding pressure of the abrasive wheel means 60 for the lens LE can be changed. (B) Lens Configuration Measuring Section Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the general layout of the lens configuration measuring section. Details of its construction will now be described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lens configuration measuring section 5, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the same. A shaft 501 is rotatably mounted on a box 500 through the intermediation of a bearing 502. Further mounted on the box 500 are a DC motor 503, photoswitches 504 and 505, and a potentiometer 506. A pulley 507 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 501. Further mounted on the shaft 501 are pulley 508 and a flange 509. Mounted on the pulley 507 are a sensor plate 510 and a spring 511. As shown in FIG. 7, the spring 511 is attached to the pulley 508 such that it holds a pin 512. As a result, when the spring 511 rotates with the pulley 507, the spring 511 exerts a resilient force on the pin 512 to be rotated, which is attached to the rotatable pulley 507. If the pin 512 moves in, for example, the direction indicated by the arrow independently of the spring 511, the above-mentioned resilient force acts such as to restore the pin 512 to the original position. Attached to the rotating shaft of the motor 503 is a pulley 513, and the rotation of the motor 503 is transmitted to the pulley 507 through a belt 514 stretched between the pulleys 513 and 507. The rotation of the motor 503 is detected and controlled by the photoswitches 504 and 505 through the sensor plate 510 attached to the pulley 507. Rotation of the pulley 507 causes the pulley 508, to which the pin 512 is attached, to rotate, with the rotation of the pulley 508 being detected by the potentiometer 506 through a rope 521 stretched between the pulley 508 and a pulley 520, which is attached to the rotating shaft of the potentiometer 506. In this process, the shaft 501 and the flange 509 rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the pulley 508. Feelers 523 and 524 are rotatably mounted on a measurement arm 527 by means of pins 525 and 526, the measurement arm 527 being attached to the flange 509. The photoswitch 504 detects the initial position and the measurement end position of the measurement arm 527. The photoswitch 505 detects the relief position and the measurement position of the feelers 523 and 524 with respect to the front refractive surface and the rear refractive surface of the lens LE. In order to measure the lens configuration, the lens LE is rotated with the feeler 523 being allowed to abut against the front refractive surface of the lens LE (with the feeler 524 abutting against the rear refractive surface of the lens LE), whereupon the amount of rotation of the pulley 508 is detected with the potentiometer 506 to determine the configuration of the lens LE. (C) Display Section and Input Section Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the outer appearance of the display section 3 and the input section 4, which are formed as an integral unit. The input section 4 has the following switches: a LENS switch 402 for indicating whether the lens to be processed is made of a plastic or glass material; a FRAME switch 403 for indicating whether the frame is made of a resin or metal; a MODE switch 404 for selecting a plane processing mode or a tapered edge (bevel) machining mode; a R/L switch 405 for selecting which of the right- or left-eye lens is to be processed; a FRAME CHANGE switch 406 for turning on or off the Frame Change mode; a SCREEN CHANGE switch 407 for changing the screen to appear in the display section 3 (whether it displays a layout, a menu or parameters); cursor move switches 408 for moving the cursor appearing in the display section 3; (-) and (+) switches 409 used to enter numerals such as values of prescription; a CHANGE switch 410 typically used for changing the mode of layout entry; a START STOP switch 411 for starting or stopping the lens processing operation; a LENS CHUCK switch 413 for opening or closing the lens chucks; a DOUBLE GRIND switch 415 for activating double grinding (finishing); a TRACE switch 416 for giving a command for tracing the lens frame or template; and a NEXT-DATA switch 417 for transferring the data measured by the eyeglass frame configuration measuring section 2. The display section 3 is formed of a liquid crystal display which is controlled to show set values of processing information, the tapered edge (bevel) simulation of the tapered edge (bevel) position and the fitting condition of the tapered edge (bevel) with the lens frame, the reference set values, and so forth, by means of a main arithmetic control circuit which will be described later. (D) Electric Control System for the Grinding Machine Fig. 9 shows the essential part of a block diagram of the electric control system for the grinding machine. A main arithmetic control circuit 100 is typically formed of a microprocessor and is controlled by a sequence program stored in a main program memory 101. The main arithmetic control circuit 100 can exchange data with IC cards, eye examination system devices and so forth through a serial communication port 102, and perform data exchange and communication with a tracer arithmetic control circuit 200 of the eyeglass frame configuration measurement section 2. The eyeglass frame configurational data is stored in a data memory 103. Connected to the main arithmetic control circuit 100 are the display section 3, input section 4, sound reproducing device 104, as well as the photoswitches 504 and 505 for measurement, DC motor 503 and potentiometer 506 in the lens configuration measuring device 5. The potentiometer 506 is connected to an A/D converter whose conversion results will be inputted into the main arithmetic control circuit 100. Measurement data of the lenses which have been arithmetically processed in the main arithmetic control circuit 100 are stored in a data memory 103. A carriage moving motor 714, a carriage raising/lowering motor 728 and a lens rotating shaft motor 721 are connected to the main arithmetic control circuit 100 through a pulse motor driver 110 and a pulse generator 111. The pulse generator 111 determines the pulse number and the frequency (Hz) of the output to the respective pulse motors, i.e., controls the operation of the respective motors, in response to commands from the main arithmetic control circuit 100. The operation of the grinding machine having the above-described construction will be explained below. [Operation of Processing Lens] The operation of processing a lens (when the Frame Change mode is not selected) is explained with reference to the flowchart shown in Fig. 10A. First, an eyeglass frame (or template) is set on the eyeglass frame configuration measuring device 2 and the TRACE switch 416 is pressed to start tracing. The radius vector information on the eyeglass frame as obtained from the eyeglass frame configuration measuring device 2 is stored in the internal trace data memory 202. When the NEXT-DATA switch 417 is pressed, the traced data is entered by transfer into the grinding machine and stored in the data memory 103. At the same time, a graphic representation of the frame configuration appears on the screen of the display section 3 based on the eyeglass frame data and the machine is ready for receiving the necessary processing conditions. The data to be stored in the data memory 103 may be supplied from storage media such as an IC card or transferred on-line from a separate computer. In the next step, the operator touches various switches in the input section 4 to enter the necessary information including the constituent material of the lens to be processed, the constituent material of the frame, whether the lens to be processed is for the right eye or the left eye and whether the processing to be performed is plane processing or tapered edge (bevel) machining. The following description assumes that a command for tapered edge (bevel) machining is entered. In addition, the operator writes the value of PD (pupillary distance) according to the prescription and the height of the optical center of the lens into the ENTRY window appearing on the display screen in a specified position by manipulating the cursor move switches 408 and (-)/(+) switches 409. With the entry of the necessary processing conditions being complete, specified actions (e.g. axial alignment of suction cups) are taken so that the lens LE to be processed is chucked by the lens rotating shafts 704a and 704b. Thereafter, the START/STOP switch 411 is pressed to bring the grinding machine into operation. In response to an input start signal, the grinding machine performs arithmetic operations for processing correction (the correction of the abrasive wheel's radius) (see U.S. Patent 5,347,762) and subsequently measures the lens configuration by the following procedure. First, the lens rotating shaft motor 721 is run to rotate the lens shafts 704a and 704b such that the radius vector angle (r s  n ) of the radius vector information (r s δ n , r s  n ) based on the eyeglass frame configurational data is directed to the center of rotation of the abrasive wheel. Thereafter, the motor 714 for moving the carriage 700 back and forth is run until the carriage 700 is moved to the reference position for measurement at the left end of the carriage stroke. In the next step, the motor 503 controlled by the photoswitch 505 in the lens configuration measuring device 5 is rotated until the measurement arm 527 has rotated from the initial position to the relief position with respect to the rear refractive surface of the lens LE as shown in Fig. 11. Subsequently, the motor 728 is run to move the lens LE in the direction of arrow 535 such that it comes close to the feeler 524. The lens movement stops in such a position that the feeler 524 barely touches an imaginary line that is assumed as the locus of the distal end (or bottom or inclined side) of the tapered edge (bevel) of the lens LE on the basis of the radius vector information. Thereafter, the motor 503 is run to rotate the measurement arm 527 until it comes to the position for measurement of the rear side of the lens LE such that the feeler 524 is urged against the lens LE. The feeler 524 has an urging force provided by the spring 511 which is flexible enough to follow the positional changes in the surface of contact with the lens LE. After this state has been attained, the motor 721 is driven to rotate the lens LE and, at the same time, the motor 728 is controlled on the basis of the radius vector information to change the lens movement in the direction of arrow 535. As a result, the feeler 524 traces the advancing end of the imaginary locus of the distal end (or bottom) of the tapered edge (bevel) of the lens LE, whereupon the potentiometer 506 detects the amount of movement of the feeler 524 in terms of the amount of rotation of the pulley 508 and the configuration of the rear refractive surface of the lens LE is determined from the issued detection signal. By monitoring the resulting data of measurement, the grinding machine determines whether the lens diameter is sufficient for the configuration of the eyeglass frame. If the lens diameter is insufficient, causing the feeler 524 to come out of engagement with the rear surface of the lens LE during measurement of the lens configuration, an abrupt change will occur in the data of measurement (i.e., the amount of movement of the feeler 524), enabling the machine to know that the lens diameter is insufficient. If the data of measurement has no abrupt change at any point of time in the measurement, the lens diameter is considered to be sufficient and the machine obtains the configuration of the rear refractive surface of the lens LE for the entire periphery. After the lens LE has made a full rotation to provide the configuration of the rear refractive surface of the lens LE for the entire periphery, the carriage 700 is returned to the initial position where the measurement was started. In the next step, the motor 503 is driven to rotate the measurement arm 527 to the relief position for measurement of the front refractive surface of the lens LE, which is then moved to the position of measurement. With the lens LE making a full rotation, the feeler 523 traces the imaginary locus of the tapered edge (bevel) and, as in the measurement of the rear refractive lens surface, the configuration of the front refractive surface is determined for the entire periphery in terms of the amount of movement of that feeler 523. If an abrupt change occurs in the monitored data of measurement and the lens LE is found to be undersized, the machine continues the measurement in the following manner. As soon as an abrupt change occurs in the data of measurement, the rotation of the lens LE is stopped and the carriage 700 is returned to the initial position where the measurement started and, in addition, the measurement arm 527 is returned to the relief position. Thereafter, as in the start of measurement, the lens shafts 704a and 704b are rotated such that the radius vector angle (r s  n ) of the radius vector information is directed to the center of rotation of the abrasive wheel, and the carriage 700 is again moved on the basis of the radius vector information until it is placed in the rotation start position. The measurement arm 527 is moved until the feeler 524 is urged against the lens LE. The lens LE is then rotated in a reverse direction, thereby determining the configuration of the rear refractive surface of the lens LE as seen in opposite direction. If, upon this reverse rotation, an abrupt change occurs again in the amount of movement of the feeler 524, the rotation of the lens LE is stopped and the carriage 700 is returned to the initial position, thereby completing the measurement of the rear lens surface. In this way, the grinding machine determines the configuration of the rear refractive surface of the lens LE excepting the undersized area where the lens diameter is insufficient relative to the eyeglass frame configurational data. The same procedure is followed to measure the front surface of the lens LE. By rotating the lens LE in forward and reverse directions, the configuration of the front refractive surface of the lens LE excepting the undersized area is determined. If the lens diameter is insufficient after the end of measurement, the display section 3 gives a graphic representation of the frame configuration 31, with the undersized area blinking as shown in Fig. 12 (the undersized area may be indicated by a predetermined convention such as a symbolic mark). In addition, a relevant message stating, for example, "LENS DIAMETER INSUFFICIENT. SHOULD PROCESSING CONTINUE?" will appear on the screen. This will give the operator the exact information about the undersized area of the lens LE and its extent, thereby helping him to determine whether the lens LE processing should be continued or not. In the former case, the operator presses the START/STOP switch 411 to bring the machine into operation. Alternatively, the machine may be so adapted that it determines whether the undersized area of the lens LE is outside a specified range (reference range) and that it proceeds to the subsequent processing step automatically if the undersized area is within the reference range (see Fig. 10B) (or only when the Frame Change mode has been entered). If desired, the machine may be so adapted that depending on the initial setting, it will automatically continue the processing on the basis of the result of determination or the operator uses his own discretion in making a decision. Determination as to whether the lens diameter is insufficient may be made independently of the data for making tapered edge (bevel) calculations (for tapered edge (bevel) calculations, the bevelled bottom may be measured whereas various positions of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) are measured to know the insufficiency of lens diameter; alternatively, data for knowing the insufficiency of lens diameter may be obtained by measurement with a separate device from the lens measuring device). When the START/STOP switch 411 is pushed (or if the processing is performed automatically on the basis of determination by the machine itself), the grinding machine performs interpolation of the undersized areas for the edge positions of the front and rear refractive surfaces of the lens LE. The method of interpolating the undersized areas will now be described. Fig. 13a shows the edge position of each of the front and rear refractive surfaces of the lens LE as relative to the radius vector angle, and the undersized area is indicated by the interval between angles a and b . The undersized area for the edge position of the front lens surface may be interpolated by splining using a spline function. In the method of interpolation by splining, a given interval to be approximated is divided into a plurality of subintervals and polynomials are applied to the respective subintervals to determine a curve which, taken as a whole, passes through the given points such that the differential coefficients of the first and second orders match up with each other at those points. Using this method and on the basis of the data of measurement for certain angles c, d, e and f which embrace the undersized area a-b (see Fig. 13b), a spline curve connecting points a and b smoothly is determined to fill up the configurational data for the undersized area a-b. In this method of interpolation by splining, the coordinates of three sample points will suffice to construct a smooth curve connecting said three points; however, it is preferred to use the data of measurement for four points, two points on either side of the undersized area (more sample points may be selected). The same method may be applied to the undersized area for the edge position of the rear lens surface and the data of measurement at certain angles g, h, i and j embracing the undersized area a-b is subjected to splining to fill up the configurational data for the undersized area. Instead of using the data of measurement for a limited area including the undersized area, all of the data of measurement obtained may be divided (into equal intervals) at given spacings and the end points of the respective intervals are connected by splining to interpolate the data for the undersized area. This method offers the advantage of creating a curve for the undersized area that has good fit to the general tendency of the lens configuration. The method of interpolation of the undersized area is not limited to splining; conveniently, the undersized area may be obtained by linear interpolation and any other known methods of interpolation may be adopted. After filling up the undersized areas by the above-described method of interpolation to provide the configurations (edge positions) of the front and rear refractive surfaces of the lens LE along the entire periphery, tapered edge (bevel) calculations are performed on the basis of such information in order to determine the position of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) for establishing the intended tapered edge (bevel). In the embodiment under consideration, the position of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) is calculated with a certain ratio being set for the edge thickness. The position of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) need not be calculated on the basis of a specified ratio; instead, the position of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) may be shifted from the edge position of the front lens surface toward the rear surface by a certain amount such that the same tapered edge (bevel) curve as the curve of the front surface will be established; this and other methods of tapered edge (bevel) calculation are described in U.S. Patent 5,347,762. When the tapered edge (bevel) calculations have been completed, the display section 3 shows the tapered edge (bevel) configuration for the position at a minimal edge thickness, which appears just beside the display of the frame configuration 31. By moving the cursor appearing in the display of the frame configuration 31, the operator can see the configuration of the tapered edge (bevel) for a designated site. If there is any undersized area of the lens LE (where the lens diameter is insufficient), the displayed tapered edge (bevel) configuration does not include the undersized area. The operator checks the displayed tapered edge (bevel) configuration and if there is no problem he will push the START/STOP switch 411. On the basis of the eyeglass frame configurational data and the processing data obtained by tapered edge (bevel) calculations, the machine controls the carriage section 7 and the lens grinding section 6 such as to perform processing in the order of roughing and tapered edge (bevel) finishing (in AUTO PROCESSING mode, the machine performs processing automatically after the position of the apex of the tapered edge (bevel) has been calculated). Thus, even in the presence of insufficiency in lens diameter, the undersized area is interpolated and the necessary tapered edge (bevel) calculations are performed to enable the lens processing. The foregoing explanation assumes that in the presence of insufficiency in lens diameter, the undersized areas for the edge positions of both the front and rear surfaces of the lens LE are interpolated before tapered edge (bevel) calculations are performed. Alternatively, the interpolation may be performed in the following manner. Take, for example, the case of performing tapered edge (bevel) calculations on the basis of a certain ratio, say, 5:5. In this case, tapered edge (bevel) data is first obtained from the configurations of the front and rear lens surfaces excepting the undersized areas (see Fig. 10c). The insufficiency of the thus obtained tapered edge (bevel) data (i.e., tapered edge (bevel) curve) is interpolated by a suitable method such as splining. Tapered edge (bevel) calculations may also be performed using spherical curves (for both the rear and front lens surfaces); in this case, the spherical curves are computed with the necessary data of measurement being selected such as to avoid the undersized areas and the edge positions of the undersized areas are then interpolated on the basis of the computed values for the spherical curves and the given radius vector information. The data for the spherical curves need not be calculated on the basis of measurement of the lens configuration; if the data on the spherical curves of the lens LE to be processed is already known, it may be entered into the machine to determine the edge positions of the undersized areas of the lens LE. (Frame Change Mode) We now describe the operation of the machine in the case where it has selected Frame Change mode. The following description centers on the differences from the processing when the Frame Change mode is not selected. A new eyeglass frame is traced by means of the eyeglass frame configuration measuring device 2 and the NEXT/DATA switch 417 is pressed to have the new frame data stored into the data memory 103. Subsequently, the operator pushes the FRAME CHANGE switch 406 to turn on the Frame Change mode and thereafter pushes the START/STOP switch 411 to start processing correction and lens configuration measurement. In the Frame Change mode, lens measurement is performed in areas a specified distance (1.5 mm) inward of the radius vector length in the radius vector information for the lens frame configurational data, thereby obtaining lens configurational data for the front and rear lens surfaces in the same manner as described above in connection with the processing when the Frame Change mode is not selected (if the lens diameter is found to be insufficient, configurational data excluding the undersized areas will be obtained). In the Frame Change mode, the lens LE to be measured has already been processed to establish a tapered edge (bevel), so if the feeler 524 abuts against the inclined surface of the tapered edge (bevel), an incomplete interval will appear as defined by L1 and L2 in Fig. 14. After the measurement of lens configuration (if the lens diameter is insufficient, the undersized area is displayed as shown in Fig. 12 and a switch signal dictating continued processing is entered and then), edge position information appears in the display section 3 as shown in Fig. 14 (for the case where the curve of the rear lens surface contains an incomplete interval). The operator manipulates the data of measurement and moves the cursor to designate an incomplete interval such as one defined by L1 and L2. When the (-) switch is pressed, the cursor moves to the left of the screen and if the (+) switch is pressed, it moves to the right. The DETERMINE switch 412 is then pushed to designate the start and end points of the incomplete interval. With the incomplete interval being thusly designated, the machine eliminates it from the data of measurement and performs interpolation by one of the methods already described above, and executes tapered edge (bevel) calculations (which should include the correction of the result of measurement of the lens configuration which was performed inward by a specified distance). A similar interpolation process may be applied if the lens LE has undersized areas. After the tapered edge (bevel) calculations, a tapered edge (bevel) position is displayed in the same manner as in the case that the Frame Change mode is not selected and when the START/STOP switch 411 is pressed, rough processing is performed and, thereafter, tapered edge (bevel) finishing is executed on the basis of the tapered edge (bevel) data. In the embodiment described above, the edge positions and the undersized areas of the lens LE are detected by measuring the edge equivalent positions of the lens LE with the lens configuration measuring device. However, this is not the sole case of the invention and even in the absence of data obtained from the lens configuration measuring device, the invention can of course be implemented by entering the data on the configuration of the eyeglass lens to be processed (e.g., center thickness and the curves of the front and rear surfaces). If the lens LE to be processed contains a certain area where in view of the result of measurement of edge position, a tapered edge (bevel) cannot certainly be established, there is no need to perform complicated procedures of interpolation. Yet another modification of the embodiment is as follows. The lens configuration measuring device usually measures lens positions other than the bottom of the tapered edge (bevel). Alternatively, the position of the tapered edge (bevel) bottom may be measured at the point of time when an insufficiency of lens diameter is detected and if the measurement is successful, tapered edge (bevel) calculations are performed on the basis of the measured data; if the machine has such a mechanism that it checks the lens diameter while measuring the tapered edge (bevel) bottom, tapered edge (bevel) calculations may be performed on the basis of the data for the tapered edge (bevel) bottom; in both cases, the lens diameter is insufficient and yet the machine automatically gives a command to form a tapered edge (bevel) or the operator uses his own discretion (on the basis of such information as displayed data) to give the same command. As described on the foregoing pages, the embodiment of the present invention offers an advantage in that even if the lens being processed is insufficient in diameter to be fitted into eyeglass frames, the operator can perform the processing if he so desired. If the lens configuration measuring device is adapted to measure lens positions other than the bottom of the tapered edge (bevel), the invention offers a greater possibility for processing the tapered edge (bevel) to the desired shape even if it has an incomplete interval.

Claims: Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus for processing an eyeglass lens to be fitted into an eyeglass frame, comprising: configurational data input means (2, 4, 102) for inputting frame configurational data of the eyeglass frame; layout data input means (3, 4, 102) for inputting layout data to be used in providing layout of the lens corresponding to the eyeglass frame; layout determining means (100) for determining the layout of the lens based on the inputted frame configurational data and the inputted layout data; edge position detecting means (5, 100) for detecting edge positions of the lens based on the determined layout, said edge-position detecting means having at least one gage head for contacting at least one of front and rear surfaces of the lens; processing data computing means (100) for computing lens processing data based on the determined layout and the detected edge positions; lens diameter insufficiency detecting means (5, 100) for detecting an insufficiency in the diameter of the lens relative to the determined layout based on a detection result detected by said edge position detecting means ; and determining means for determining whether a grinding operation should be performed despite the insufficiency in the lens diameter detected by said lens diameter insufficiency detecting means characterized in that said eyeglass lens grinding apparatus further comprises: controlling means (100, 110, 111) which controls lens rotating direction including forward and backward directions so as to rotate the lens in a reverse direction when the gage head comes out of contact the surface of the lens in order to detect the edge positions of a sufficient portion of the lens by said edge position detecting means : wherein the determining means comprises processing command entering means (4, 100) for entering a processing command which is based on a judgement of the degree of the detected insufficiency; interpolation data computing means (100) which computes interpolation data for an insufficient portion of the lens by using a predetermined interpolating formula, based on the determined layout and the detected edge positions of the sufficient portion ; and executing means (100) which executes grinding operation with the insufficiency left based on the computed processing data and the computed interpolation data in response to the processing command. Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising display means (3) for displaying a graphic representation of the detected insufficiency. Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, wherein said processing command entering means (4) includes an input key (411) for inputting the processing command based on the judgement result by an operator. Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: setting means (4) for setting predetermined reference range relative to an insufficiency in the diameter of the lens to be detected; and judging means (100) for judging whether or not the detected insufficiency is within the set predetermined reference range. Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said processing command entering means (100) enters the processing command automatically based on the judgement result by said judging means. Eyeglass lens grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lens processing data and the interpolation data include data for processing a tapered edge.

Inventors: SHIBATA RYOJI, SHIBATA, RYOJI
Applicants: NIDEK KK, NIDEK CO., LTD.
Application year: 1997
Main classification: B24B9
IPC codes: G02C13, B24B9