DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING FLUIDS

Abstract: There is referred to an arrangement of a distributing valve for fluids, and comprising a housing (30) and internally in the housing a rotatable hemispherical fluid distributing element (60), where the housing (30) comprises a number of inlets (34-44) each from its source of fluid and one main outlet (80) for a common flow of fluid which is led out of the housing (30), and where the fluid distributing element (60) comprises a duct (53) for leading away fluid from one of the inlets to a separate branch run (46) which leads out of the housing. The arrangement is characterised in that the inlets (34-44) individually form the same angle with the direction of the main outlet (80), and the main outlet (80) and the branch outlet (46) lead in substantially opposite directions out of the housing (30).

Description: Device for distributing Fluids The present invention relates to an arrangement of a distributing valve for fluids, and comprising a housing and internally in the housing a rotatable fluid distributing element, where the housing comprises a number of inlets each from its source of fluid and one main outlet for a common current of fluid which is led out of the housing, and where the fluid distributing element comprises a duct for drawing off fluid from one of the inlets to a separate branch run which leads out of the housing. The invention also relates to an application of the distributing valve. More specifically the invention relates to a valve which has a number of inlets and two outlets, several currents of fluid being able to be led into the valve housing and mixed where the mixture is then drawn off from the housing, and possibly that one of the ingoing currents is removed in a separate outlet. The invention has special application for the extraction of oil and gas from an installation where oil flows into an installation through separate conduits from a number of wells, but can also be used in connection with the handling of fluid currents generally, for example within the chemical processing industry. A distributing valve of the afore-mentioned type is known to have been manufactured earlier by Oil States Industries in the U. S. A. In the known distributing valve the housing comprises a number of inlets, one for each ingoing current, placed symmetrically at a mutual distance about the axis of rotation of the rotatable distributing element within the housing. In the rotatable distributing element there is designed a branch pipe the opening of which can be aligned one after the other with each inlet into the housing, depending upon which position the valve element is turned to. The branch pipe forms an outlet from the distributing element in the form of a straight pipe piece which extends axially of the axis of rotation of the valve element.. The valve element is arranged so that it largely occupies space in the upper part of the housing. The fluids which flow into the housing through the inlets are mixed within the distributing valve, at the lower edge of the distributing element, and flow out of the housing through an outlet which is designed obliquely relative to the axis of rotation of the element. The straight pipe piece thus extends through the portion of the chamber where the ingoing fluids are mixed for further transportation. The pipe thus eπvpedes of the flow and occupies a large portion of the volume of the mixing chamber. The two outlets lead out of the housing from the mixing chamber in almost the same direction. Pockets are formed in the mixing chamber where in addition there is the danger of deposits from solid matter in the fluid, and turbulences will easily arise during the flow. Another circumstance with the known solution is that at least one of the currents of fluid from the inlets must be flow-turned almost 360° in order to be able to flow out through the outlet in a mixture with the other currents. However the fluid from the diametrically opposite inlet gets an approximately linear flow path through the mixing chamber and out into the outlet. The two afore-mentioned constructional details of the known distributing valve of Oil States Industries, results in the distributing valve really having a very undesirable technical flow construction. As mentioned the straight pipe run stands in the way of the flow of fluid, and also at least one of the currents of fluid must turn about 360°. This means that the distributing valve can become exposed to great wear by the through flow of fluids, and especially if the fluids for example comprise solid particles to an appreciable degree. The object of the present invention is to produce a new and better construction for a distributing valve of the type mentioned by way of introduction, and which will eliminate in large part the disadvantages mentioned. The distributing valve according to the present invention is characterised in that the inlets individually form the same angle with the direction of flow of the main outlet, and the main outlet and the branch outlet lead out of the housing in substantially opposite directions. Further specified embodiments of the invention are evident from the dependent claims . The invention will now be explained further with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view seen from above of the housing portion for the distributing valve according to a preferred construction of the invention. Figure 2 shows a vertical section along the line 2 - 2 of Figure 1, through the housing portion and the distributing element of the distributing valve according to the invention where the distributing element is in an activated position for separately leading away fluid from one of the wells for test purposes. Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the rotatable distributing element. Figure 4 shows a side view of the rotatable distributing element. The distributing valve according to the invention comprises two main portions, namely a housing portion 30 and within the housing portion 30 a rotatable distributing element 60. In Figure 1 the housing portion 30 for the novel distributing valve according to the invention is shown in a plan view, that is to say seen from above. The housing portion 30 of the valve has a largely hemispherical construction. According to the construction exemplified the flow of fluid from up to 6 oil/gas wells is handled by the distributing valve according to the invention. In the housing wall of the valve there are arranged therefore 6 inlet openings 34,36,38,40,42,44 with associated pipe screwing flanges 32 for coupling a well conduit to the housing from each well, for the introduction of well fluid to the interior of the valve housing 30. In addition the valve housing comprises a parking position 33 which the distributing element 60 is adjusted against when fluid is not to be removed for testing from one of the wells. The parking position involves besides there being no opening through the housing from any well into the duct through the distributing element. In the case exemplified the 6 inlets 34 - 44 and the blind position 33 form seven (7) positions for the adjustment of the distributing element. The seven inlets/blind position 33 - 44;33 are arranged substantially at a mutually equal distance along the associated peripheral surface of the housing. The inlet/blind positions are arranged substantially symmetrically along the peripheral surface about a central outlet opening 46 from the housing 30. The central test sample - outlet opening 46 forms a top point of the hemisphere which the housing 30 forms . As there is also reference to Fig. 2 the housing 30 further comprises a bottom portion 48 which forms a seat at 62 in which the rotatable distributing element 60 can be turned. The bottom portion 48 has an annular form for forming a central bottom outlet 24 from the valve housing. It will be evident that the bottom portion 48 is located in that portion of the hemispherical shape of the housing which substantially forms the largest diametrical surface. It is preferred that an axis (shown by X - X in Figure 3) goes respectively through the centre of the top outlet 46 and the bottom outlet 24 from the housing. Thus the axis cuts the centre of the sphere. As will be evident from what follows the axis X - X forms the rotational axis of the distributing element 60. Besides the section of Figure 2 also shows two of the well inlets 34 and 42 respectively through equivalent openings in the wall of the housing 30. The interior of the housing 30 forms a chamber the inner contour of which largely corresponds to the outer basic contour of a distributing element 60 which is placed in a rotatable manner within the chamber of the housing. The equivalent elements chamber/distributing element can have several alternative mutually rotatable forms, and can for example have a substantially round contour (like a cylindrical cube) , as Oil States Industries have constructed their distributing valve, but is preferably hemispherical as is exemplified in the present invention and illustrated in the Figures. The internally arranged moveable distributing element 60, is separately apparent from the Figures 2 and 3 and is shown in Fig. 2 installed internally in the chamber of housing 30. Figures 3 and 4 show the distributing element 60 respectively in cross-section and side view. The distributing element 60 (made of a suitable metal) is designed from a hemispherical starting point. The distributing element 60 comprises an annular socket member 45 having a cross-sectional surface largely corresponding to the diametrical surface of the hemisphere. Centrally through the socket member 45 there is designed an opening 56 for the outflow of fluid from the valve. The distributing duct section 53 of the distributing element 60 is arranged to a peripheral edge portion 51 of the annular socket member 45. The distributing duct section 53 constitutes a compact section 50 through which there is formed a curved duct 53, the duct comprising an inlet 54 and an outlet 55. It will be evident from Fig. 3 that the inlet 54 and the outlet 55 form an angle v x of about 60° with each other, that is to say this is the angle which the inlet current 42 forms with the test outlet 46 from the housing 30. The flow of fluid is thus turned or deflected 360°- 60° = 300°. The inlet opening 54 for the duct is positioned so that, with the distributing element mounted in the housing 30, it will be aligned with the well inlets 34 - 44 together with the said parking position 33, all according to how the distributing element is turn-positioned. The outlet opening 55 of the duct is positioned concentrically to the top point of the sphere so that the outlet is aligned with the central outlet opening 46 of the housing. The compact distributing duct section 50 comprises in the upper section an upwardly projecting neck portion 57 having a circular cross-section and outer periphery and adapted to be turnably installed in the central outlet opening 46 of the housing 30. The compact distributing duct section 50 constitutes only a portion of the hemispherical form, and has an outer contour 52 as the spherical shape adapted to the inner chamber walls of the housing. As will be seen from Fig. 3, that portion of the compact distributing duct section 50 which faces towards fluid mixing chamber 59 of the distributing element has rounded and smooth shapes, this in order to avoid turbulence in the currents of fluid through the distributing valve. Preferably the angle v λ between the inlet 54 and the outlet 55 is in the region of about 45 - 90°, especially preferred within the region 50 - 70°, and the most preferred about 60° as indicated in the Figure. The socket member 45 is turnably mounted in the seat 62 in the annular bottom portion 48 of the housing 30. The bottom outlet 24 of the housing is aligned with the bottom outlet 56 of the distributing element and has substantially the same opening area. The compact duct-forming portion 50 constitutes only a portion of a hemispherical volume in order to influence to the least degree possible the natural through flow of the fluid through mixing chamber 59 of the valve, when the distributing element stands in the parking position. This means that it is desirable that the distributing element is designed so that the chamber 59 becomes the largest possible, at the same time as the distributing valve is able to function satisfactorily. The two angle relationships between inlet and outlet are also significant parameters in arriving at a satisfactory operation of the distributing valve. As regard the test system this angle relationship is stated above. As regards the angle relationship between the inlet 34 - 44 from the wells to the housing 30 and the main outlet flow 80 from the housing 30 these form an angle of v 2 with each other. Preferably the angle v 2 is in the region of about 90 - 135°, especially preferred within the region 115 -130°, and most preferred about 120° ( that is to say the flow is deflected 60 degrees) as is indicated in Figure 2. According to the invention it is important that all the inlets 34-44 to the mixing chamber 59 form the same angle v 2 with the common outlet 80 from the housing 30. This constitutes a significant difference from the valve solution of Oil States Industries. Furthermore it is an important difference that the two outlet flows with the construction according to the invention are led in diametrically opposite directions, while according to the construction of Oil States Industries they are led in almost the same direction out of the housing. With the present construction according to the invention all the fluid currents into the housing 30 get approximately the same flow resistance, while in the solution of Oil States Industries the resistance against the flow will vary strongly, all according to where the inlets are placed on the housing relative to the outlet. Purely as to flow the distributing valve according to the invention thus represents a big advance relative to the solution which is presented by Oil States Industries. Furthermore the actuator-driven turning device in the construction according to the invention is incorporated with the test outlet pipe 46. Thereby the test outlet pipe will not take up unnecessary volume of the mixing chamber. Tests have shown that when a distributing valve is designed with the mentioned angle relationships v : = 60° and v 2 = 120°, this gives optimal flow flow conditions through the distributing valve, and without problematic turbulences arising in the valve. It will be seen that if the angle v 2 increases up towards 135°, so will the angle v x decline correspondingly. The sum of the angles v : + v 2 is equal to 180°. It is preferred to employ a distributing valve where the inlets and the outlets are designed so that the angle v 2 lies as far as possible up towards the straight course, .that is to say up towards 135°. This means at v 2 becomes quite acute, that is to say 45°, but it is the angle parameter v 2 which is the most important in such a flow connection, and which has to be taken into account most when the valve is constructed. Generally a large angle value (obtuse angle) between inlet/outlet will provide favourable flow conditions, while a small angle (acute angle) provides less favourable flow conditions. According to an alternative construction the compact duct- forming part 50 forms a portion of a spherical shell in which openings are designed for the installation and fastening of a bent pipe which so forms the duct 53. The distributing element is turned about the axis X - X which extends through the top point (at 46) of the housing and the mid-point of the diametrical cross-section of the socket member 45. The duct 53 (and the opening 55) will then be flow connected the whole time with the outlet 46 which leads to the test system. On turning the distributing element 60 the opening 54 will form one after the other flow connections between the well conduits 1-6 and the distributing element duct 53. The test opening outlet of the distributing element 60 comprises a swivel connection with the conduit which leads the fluid further to the test system so that the distributing element 60 can rotate 360 degrees within the housing 30. In order to avoid undesired leakages, the neck portion 57 of the distributing element 60 is turnable and sealingly connected to outlet 46 of the housing by means of packings 70, see Figure 2. Furthermore sealings/packings 74 are arranged between bottom portion 48 of the housing and socket member 45 of the distributing element 60. Furthermore internally in the housing 30 there are arranged, in connection with each inlet opening 34-44, sealing means in the form ring packings in order to avoid leakages . Especially, when the fluid for example from a well is led via inlet 42 to the test system, to prevent fluid from the five other wells being forced into- the flow of test fluid. With the valve in the parked position at 33 it is important that the seal functions so that fluid does not leak into the test system. According to an alternative solution such a packing can be arranged in the metal material around the inlet opening 54 to the duct 53. The turn-positioning of the spherical valve is regulated and controlled by an actuator system, shown at 76, and which will be well known to the specialist. The valve according to the invention is a multi-port selector valve with a series of inlets and only two outlets, and which will give the user two possibilities of choice. The one possibility is that all wells (where the inlets can have a cross-sectional flow dimension of 15 cm (6") ) are passed through the outlet (dimension 40 cm (16") ) while the test outlet (dimension of 20 cm ( 8") ) is closed. The distributing element 60 is then in the parked position 33. The other possibility is that fluid from 5 of the wells is led to the processing installation through the distributing element 60, while the sixth well flows through the test outlet 46. In this function the distributing element is turn- positioned in alignment with the well inlet which is to be tested. Thus according to the invention there is produced a novel distributing valve arrangement which will remedy all the disadvantages which are listed by way of introduction in connection with the previously known arrangement.

Claims: Patent Claims 1. Arrangement of distributing valve for fluid, and comprising a housing (30) and internally in the housing a rotatable fluid distributing element (60), where the housing (30) comprises a number of inlets (34-44) each from its source of fluid and one main outlet (80) for a common flow of fluid which is led out of the housing (30), and where the fluid distributing element (60) comprises a duct (53) for leading away fluid from one of the inlets to a separate branch run (46) which leads out of the housing, characterised in that the inlets (34-44) individually form the same angle with the direction of the main outlet (80) , and the main outlet (80) and the branch outlet (46) lead in substantially opposite directions out of the housing (30) . 2. Arrangement in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the inlets (34-44) form an angle v 2 with the direction of the main outlet (80) in the range of about 90-135°, especially preferred within the range 110-130°, and most preferred about 120°. 3. Arrangement in accordance with claim 1 and 2, characterised in that the angle v λ between inlet (54) and outlet (55) of the fluid distributing element is in the range of about 45-90°, especially preferred within the range 50-70°, and most preferred about 60°. 4. Arrangement in accordance with claim 1-3, characterised in that the angle v x is 60° and the angle v 2 is 120°. 5. Arrangement in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve housing (30) has an internal substantially concave hemispherical form with the said number of inlets arranged at a mutual distance into the peripheral surface of the housing, that the distributing element (60) constitutes a portion of a hemisphere with a form which corresponds to the internal chamber of the valve housing. 6. Arrangement in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the duct (53) forms an outlet (55) designed in the top point of the hemispherical shape of the distributing valve which aligns (X-X) with the separate outlet duct (46) through the housing. 7. Arrangement in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the distributing element (50,45) is adapted to turn about an axis X-X which extends centrally through the outlet (55) and centrally through main outlet (56) of the socket member (45) . 8. Arrangement in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the housing comprises a parking position (33) where inlet (54) of the distributing element (50) is closed to the duct (53) in a manner known per se. 9. The use of the valve arrangement according to claim 1- 5, as a bypass valve in connection with inlets from a number of oil wells, where the fluid admitted from a well can if desired be directed to a branch run.

Inventors: NAFZ SIEGMUND, NAFZ, SIEGMUND
Applicants: NAFZ SIEGMUND, NAFZ, SIEGMUND
Application year: 1996
Main classification: F16K11
IPC codes: F16K11