Drain cleaning apparatus

Abstract: The drain cleaning apparatus (10) for rotating a drain cleaning snake which is manually advanced through the apparatus comprises a frame and housing assembly (12,14,16) supporting an axially displaceable non-rotating clutch actuating shaft (52) which in turn supports a first annular clutch actuator (88) for rotation relative thereto and axial displacement therewith. A second annular clutch actuator (136) is coaxial with the first actuator (88) and axially spaced therefrom and is supported in the housing for rotation relative thereto. A radially expandable and contractible clutch (138) is axially captured between the two clutch actuators (88,136) and, in response to displacement of the first clutch actuator toward the second, the clutch (138) is radially contracted to engage a drain cleaning snake extending through the clutch actuating shaft (52), the clutch actuators (88,136) and the clutch (138). A motor (110) in the housing drives the first clutch actuator (88) through a transmission pulley and belt arrangement including a pulley (126) driven by the motor (110) and with respect to which the belt (132) is axially slidable in response to axial displacement of the first clutch actuator (88) toward and away from the second clutch actuator (136). The clutch (138) and second clutch actuator (136) are axially positioned in a shroud (18) at one end of the housing, and the position of the second actuator (136) relative to the first actuator (88) is axially adjustable to adjust the initial contracted disposition of the clutch (138) for the apparatus (10) to accommodate drain cleaning snakes having different diameters. The shroud (18) is mounted on the frame for pivotal displacement axially outwardly from the remainder of the housing to facilitate removal and replacement of the clutch (138) and access to the second clutch actuator (136) and a housing portion (16) adjacent the shroud (18) is removable to provide access to the transmission components.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the art of drain cleaning apparatus and, more particularly, to improvements in portable drain cleaning apparatus of the character wherein a drain cleaning snake is manually advanced through the apparatus into a drain or sewer line and is then rotated for the drain cleaning snake to clear an obstruction encountered in the line. Portable drain cleaning machines or apparatus of the character to which the present invention is directed are well known and, generally, comprise a housing structure supporting a coaxial arrangement of shaft components through which a drain cleaning snake is manually fed and which includes a clutching arrangement for intermittently engaging and rotating the snake in conjunction with a drain cleaning operation. The clutching arrangement includes radially expandable and contractible clutch elements located axially between and coaxial with clutch actuating components of the apparatus and which clutch actuating components are relatively axially displaceable toward and away from one another to respectively achieve contracting and expanding displacement of the clutch elements relative to the snake. Most often, one of the clutch actuating components is axially fixed and the other is axially displaceable toward and away therefrom by means of a manually operable lever arrangement. The clutch actuating components are rotatable and the clutch is axially captured therebetween for rotation therewith, and the clutch actuating components and clutch are rotated by a drive motor and a drive coupling arrangement between the motor and one of the clutch actuating components. Such drain cleaning apparatus is portable and, generally, is provided with a handle by which the apparatus can be carried by an operator from one location to another. In use, a drain cleaning snake is manually inserted through the apparatus and into a drain to be cleaned. If the drive motor is operating, the clutch and clutch actuating components rotate relative to the snake, whereby the latter can be manually advanced through the apparatus and into the drain until an obstruction is encountered. The operating lever is then displaced relative to the housing for the clutch to engage and rotate the snake and, in connection with dislodging or clearing the obstruction, the lever can be released to disengage the clutch from the snake, whereupon the operator can manually feed the snake further into the drain and then displace the operating lever to again cause rotation of the snake relative to the apparatus. While drain cleaning apparatus of the foregoing character heretofore available serves its intended purpose with respect to performing drain cleaning operations, there are a number of disadvantages attendant to the construction and operation of the apparatus. In this respect, for example, the clutch operating arrangements are structurally complex, and the structural interrelationships between the latter and the drive transmission as well as the housing by which the latter are supported render maintenance and/or replacement operations both time consuming and complex and, thus, undesirably expensive. More particularly in this respect, access to the clutch and clutch actuating means or components as well as the transmission components most often requires a time consuming disassembly of the housing, and then a further time consuming manipulation and/or disassembly of the components parts in the housing to achieve the release of the clutch unit, clutch actuating components and/or transmission components. Following a removal of one or more of the latter parts for maintenance and/or replacement, a time consuming reassembly is required to place the apparatus back into condition for use. A further disadvantage resides in the fact that such drain cleaning machines heretofore available require either a time-consuming replacement of the clutch unit for the apparatus to accommodate snakes having different diameters, or the use of a structurally complex collet insert arrangement for the latter purpose such as shown for example in US-A-4,447,926 on which the two-part form of independent claim 1 is based. As mentioned above, removal and replacement of the clutch unit is a difficult and time consuming operation, and a requirement of a collet insert adds to the structural complexity of a machine as well as requiring an additional part or parts of use therewith as well as the time required for an operator to assemble and/or disassemble an insert relative to the machine. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide an improved drain cleaning apparatus which advantageously minimizes or overcomes the foregoing disadvantages of the known drain cleaning apparatus heretofore available. To achieve this there is provided in accordance with the invention a drain cleaning apparatus for rotating a drain cleaning snake comprising, a housing assembly, first clutch actuating means having an axis, second clutch actuating means coaxial with and axially spaced from said first clutch actuating means, radially expandable and contractible clutch means between and coaxial with said first and second clutch actuating means, means supporting said first clutch actuating means for rotation about said axis and supporting one of said first and second clutch actuating means for axial displacement toward and away from the other of said first and second clutch actuating means, means supporting said second clutch actuating means for rotation about said axis, said first and second clutch actuating means including means for radially contracting said clutch means in response to axial displacement of said one clutch actuating means toward the other clutch actuating means for said clutch means to engage and rotate a drain cleaning snake extending therethrough, means for rotating said first clutch actuating means including drive motor means and drive coupling means between said motor means and said first clutch actuating means, and means for axially displacing said one of said first and second clutch actuating means, characterized in that said first clutch actuating means is supported for axial displacement toward and away from the second clutch actuating means and the means for axially displacing is coupled to said first clutch actuating means, that said housing assembly has a removable end housing member, said second clutch actuating means being mounted in said end housing member for removal therewith. Thus, the drain cleaning apparatus provides for driving the clutch and clutch actuating means through the one of the clutch actuating means which is axially displaceable toward the other to achieve contraction of the clutch relative to a drain cleaning snake to be rotated thereby. This enables a more efficient location of the clutch and clutch actuating means and thus access thereto as well as to the transmission components for maintenance and/or replacement purposes. The removable end portion of the housing readily provides access to the second clutch actuating means and the clutch unit for maintenance and/or replacement thereof more efficiently and quickly then heretofore possible. Moreover, such separability enables the clutch unit to be readily changed to another clutch unit which will accommodate a different range of snake diameters than that accommodated by the removed clutch unit, thus adding to versatility of the apparatus while reducing the structural complexity thereof. The component parts of the transmission assembly and the displaceable clutch actuating means may be structured and structurally interrelated with one another and with the clutch and the other clutch actuator so as to be located adjacent the removable end portion of the housing. In an advantageous embodiment the transmission and displacable clutch actuating means are readily accessible by removing a second end portion of the housing immediately adjacent the removable end portion. Thus, the component parts of the drain cleaning apparatus which need to be accessed most often for maintenance and/or replacement purposes are more readily and quickly accessible than heretofore possible. The major component parts of the apparatus including the drive motor may be supported by a main housing member which in turn may be supported in suspension by a frame assembly which supports the apparatus relative to an underlying surface. This advantageously enables the use of plastic material for a housing portion which encloses the drive motor and the housing member which encloses the component parts of the transmission and the displacable clutch actuating means. Accordingly, the weight of the apparatus is advantageously reduced as is the cost of manufacturing while adding to the structural simplicity and serviceability thereof. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a clutch adjusting arrangement advantageously provides for adjusting the clutch unit in the apparatus to accommodate a range of different diameter snakes without having to access the interior of the apparatus and without having to employ a special clutch insert for the latter purpose. More particularly in this respect, the clutch actuating means relative to which the axially displaceable clutch actuating means moves to achieve expanding and contracting of the clutch unit is axially adjustably supported relative to the apparatus so as to enable incremental adjustment of the axial position thereof relative to the axially displaceable clutch actuating means. Thus, the inner diameter of the expandable and contractible clutch unit can be adjusted in accordance with a given diameter snake with which the apparatus is to be used. Thus, one or more of the following effects will be achieved: improved accessibility to component parts for purposes of maintenance and/or replacement operations; the clutch and clutch actuating means by which the snake is rotated are readily accessible to facilitate maintenance and/or replacement thereof including replacement of a given clutch unit for another which will enable the apparatus to accommodate snakes having different diameters from that accommodated by the replaced clutch unit; the expanded disposition of a clutch unit in the apparatus is adjustable without any disassembly of the apparatus thus to enable the apparatus to accommodate snakes having different diameters; a unique transmission arrangement enables driving of the clutch and clutch actuating means through the one clutch actuating means which is axially displaced toward and away from the other to achieve expansion and contraction of the clutch unit; the clutch unit, the clutch actuating means and the component parts of the transmission are located at one end of the apparatus housing, thus to facilitate access thereto for maintenance and/or replacement purposes; the major component parts are supported in a main housing member which is supported by a frame assembly, thus enabling a more economical and lighter weight construction of the apparatus than heretofore possible; and serviceability is more readily, economically and efficiently achieved than with such apparatus heretofore available. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing features, and others, will in part be obvious and in part pointed out more fully hereinafter in conjunction with the written description of a preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which; FIGURE 1 is a side elevation view of drain cleaning apparatus according to the invention; FIGURE 2 is a rear end elevation view of the apparatus looking in the direction from right to left in FIGURE 1; FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the apparatus taken along line 3-3 in FIGURE 2; FIGURES 4A, 4B and 4C together provide an exploded perspective view of the component parts of the drain cleaning apparatus; and FIGURE 5 is an enlarged sectional elevation view of the clutch and clutch actuating components of the apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now in greater detail to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention, drain cleaning apparatus 10 includes a housing assembly comprising lower and upper front housing members 12 and 14, respectively, a transmission covering housing member 16 adjacent the rear ends of front housing members 12 and 14, and a shroud or end housing member 18 adjacent the rear end of housing member 16. Upper front housing member 14 and shroud 18 are of cast aluminum, and housing members 12 and 16 are of a suitable plastic material and, preferably, an ABS plastic. Front housing members 12 and 14 are interconnected by a plurality of threaded fasteners 20 and housing member 16 is interconnected with front housing members 12 and 14 by a plurality of threaded fasteners 22 whereby the housing members 12, 14, 16 form a first housing portion. The shroud or end housing member 18 is a second housing portion. As will become apparent hereinafter, the housing assembly has an axis A, and the apparatus further includes a frame assembly 24 of steel tubing comprising laterally spaced apart U-shaped tubular side members 26 and 28 having corresponding lower legs 26a and 28a, corresponding upper legs 26b and 28b, and corresponding front legs 26c and 28c between the lower and upper legs. The rear ends of lower legs 26a and 28a are rigidly interconnected by a tubular cross member 30 which is spaced from and transverse to axis A, and the rear ends of upper legs 26b and 28b extend into openings 31 in housing member 14. The corners between front legs 26c and 28c and the corresponding lower and upper legs of the frame members are preferably provided with bumpers 32 of a suitable material such as black rubber, and the rear ends of lower legs 26a and 28a are provided with bumpers or cap members 34 of similar material. The rear ends of upper legs 26b and 28b receive plugs 36 which are welded or otherwise secured therein and which serve to releaseably attach shroud 18 relative to housing members 12, 14 and 16. More particularly in this respect, shroud 18, which will be described in greater detail hereinafter, includes a pair of forwardly extending arms 38 on laterally opposite sides of axis A, and a depending support arm 40 having a generally U-shaped contour and a downwardly open arcuate lower end portion 42 which rests on and is pivotally supported by cross member 30 of frame assembly 24. Plugs 36 include threaded apertures 36a which receive threaded fasteners 44 by which arms 38 are releaseably interconnected with the plugs and thus upper frame legs 26b and 28b. When fasteners 44 are removed, shroud 18 is pivotal axially outwardly from housing member 16 about the axis of frame member 30 for the purpose set forth hereinafter. As best seen in FIGURES 3 and 4 A-C, upper front housing member 14 includes a bore 46 coaxial with axis A and receiving a tubular bearing sleeve 48 which is preferably of a nylon material. A steel insert 50 is received in bore 46 behind sleeve bearing 48 for the purpose set forth hereinafter. A tubular shaft 52 has a front end 54, a rear end 56 and an intermediate portion 58 provided with teeth 60 adjacent front end 54. End 54 of shaft 52 is received in sleeve bearing 48 and is supported therein for reciprocating displacement toward and away from the rear end of the housing assembly. An operating lever 62 has an inner end 64 extending through an opening 66 therefor in the top of housing member 14 and has a forwardly extending outer end 68 provided with a handle grip 70 by which the lever is manipulated as set forth more fully hereinafter. Inner end 64 of the lever is interconnected with housing member 14 by means of a headed pin 72 which is held in place on housing member 14 by a spring clip 73. Pin 72 supports the lever for pivotal displacement in opposite directions about a lever axis 74 spaced above and transverse to axis A. Inner end 64 of lever 62 is provided with a plurality of teeth 76 intermediate the sides thereof, and teeth 76 interengage with teeth 60 on tubular shaft 52 whereby, as set forth more fully hereinafter, pivotal displacement of lever 62 in opposite directions about axis 74 axially displaces tubular shaft 52 toward and away from the rear of the housing assembly. A tension spring 78 has one end 78a staked to portion 58 of shaft 52 such as by fastener 79 and the other end 78b engaged in an apertured ear 81 below opening 66 in housing member 14. Spring 78 biases shaft 52 toward the front of the housing assembly, and shaft 52 in turn biases operating lever 62 clockwise about pin 72 in FIGURE 3 to the solid line position of the lever shown in the latter figure. Lever 62 has a storage position shown by broken lines in FIGURE 3 in which the lever is adjacent the housing assembly and generally parallel to axis A. In the embodiment illustrated, inner end 64 of the lever includes an opening 80 and housing member 14 includes an upwardly extending boss 82 having an opening 84 adapted to be aligned with opening 80 when lever 62 is in its storage position. Aligned openings 80 and 84 are adapted to receive a removable lock pin 85 which preferably is tethered to pin 72. Lever 62 is releaseably held in the storage position by pin 85 and, in the latter position, the lever provides a handle by which the apparatus can be transported from one location to another. Rear end 56 of tubular shaft 52 extends from front housing member 14 into transmission covering housing member 16 and supports transmission and clutch actuating components of the apparatus. More particularly in this respect, as best seen in FIGURES 3 and 5 of the drawing, a transmission pulley 86 of cast aluminum and a first clutch actuating member 88 are supported on rear end 56 of tubular shaft 52 by a bearing assembly 90 for rotation relative to shaft 52 about axis A and for axial displacement with the tubular shaft. The outer periphery of transmission pulley 86 is provided with teeth 92 for the purpose set forth hereinafter, and the axially inner end of the transmission pulley is provided with a circumferential pocket 94 which receives bearing unit 90. An annular plate 96 is attached to one of the axially opposite sides of pulley 86 by fasteners 100 and the other side includes an integral flange 98, both of which extend radially outwardly a short distance beyond teeth 92 for the purpose set forth hereinafter. Plate 96 axially retains bearing unit 90 in pocket 94, and inner race 90a of the bearing unit interengages with rear end 56 of shaft 52 by a slip fit. Transmission pulley 86 has a bore 102 therethrough coaxial with axis A and, in the embodiment illustrated, first clutch actuating member 88 is a steel insert having an inner end 104 axially received in bore 102 and interengaged therewith such as by knurling inner end 104 of the insert. The outer end 106 of clutch actuating member 88 is provided with a conical surface 108 which diverges axially rearwardly relative to axis A for the purpose set forth hereinafter. An electric drive motor 110 for the apparatus is pivotally supported in suspension from upper front frame member 14 and depends into lower front housing member 12 which, basically, provides a non-supporting shroud enclosing the motor. Motor 110 includes a casing 112 to which is welded an inverted L-shaped mounting bracket 114 to which is secured a mounting pin tube 116 which is laterally spaced from and parallel to drive motor axis 118. The interior of housing member 14 is provided on one side thereof with a pair of axially spaced apart vertically extending ribs 120 between which mounting plate 114 is positioned, and ribs 120 are provided with openings, not designated numerically, which are adapted to be aligned with pin tube 116 to receive a pivot pin 122 by which the motor is supported in suspension along a pivot axis laterally spaced from and parallel to axis A as well as motor axis 118. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the weight of motor 110 biases the latter to pivot downwardly relative to housing member 14 about the axis of pin 122. Motor 110 has an output shaft 124 on which a motor transmission pulley 126 is mounted by a set screw, not shown, for rotation therewith. The outer periphery of transmission pulley 126 is provided with teeth 128. For the purpose set forth hereinafter, pulley 126 has an axial length greater than that of transmission pulley 86 by an amount corresponding at least to the maximum axial displacement of tubular shaft 52 and thus transmission pulley 86, toward the rear end of the housing assembly in response to pivotal displacement of lever 62 from the solid line to the broken line position thereof shown in FIGURE 3. An endless transmission belt 132 is trained about transmission pulleys 86 and 126, and the interior of the belt is provided with teeth 134 which drivenly interengage with the teeth of the transmission pulleys. As will be appreciated from the foregoing description of the mounting of motor 110, the weight of the latter in being supported in suspension applies tension to belt 132. Electric motor 110 is adapted to be connected to a suitable source of electricity by a power cord 111 having a plug 113 at its outer end and a GFI 115 adjacent the latter end. The inner end of cord 111 extends into the housing assembly through a strain relief component 117 mounted on housing member 16 and is connected to the motor through an operating switch, not shown, which is mounted inside housing member 16 and controlled by a switch actuator knob 119 outside housing member 16. Motor 110 is reversible, whereby it will be appreciated that the switch and the wiring from the switch to the motor, not shown, provides for forward and reverse operation of the motor. Lower front housing member 12 is provided with a cord wrap and GFI storage receptacle 121 which includes a pocket 123 and a flange 125 extending peripherally thereabout. During periods of non use of the apparatus, the length of power cord 111 between GFI 115 and strain relief 117 is wrapped about receptacle 121 behind flange 125, and GFI 115 is received in and frictionally interengages with pocket 123 to hold the cord and GFI in the storage position thereof. In connection with the operation of the apparatus as thus far described, electric motor 110 is operable to rotate motor transmission pulley 126 which in turn rotates transmission pulley 86 and the first clutch actuating member 88. Such rotation of transmission pulley 86 and clutch actuating member 88 is relative to tubular shaft 52 and, during such rotation, shaft 52 and thus transmission pulley 86 and first clutch actuating member 88 are adapted to be displaced axially to the right in FIGURE 3 against the bias of spring 78 from the solid line positions thereof to the broken line positions in response to counterclockwise pivotal displacement of lever 62 about lever axis 64. In response to such axial displacement of shaft 52, pulley 86 and clutch actuating member 88, drive belt 132 moves axially with transmission pulley 86 and slides axially forwardly relative to motor transmission pulley 126. When lever 62 is released to return to the solid line position thereof shown in FIGURE 3, shaft 58 is displaced axially rearwardly by spring 78 back to its initial position shown by solid lines in FIGURE 3, whereby transmission pulley 86, clutch actuating member 88 and belt 132 move rearwardly therewith and the belt slides axially along motor transmission pulley 126 back to its initial position. Flange plate 96 and flange 98 on transmission pulley 86 axially capture belt 132 therebetween, thus to preclude any axial sliding therebetween during such displacement of the clutch actuating and transmission parts. As best seen in FIGURES 3 and 5, drain cleaning apparatus 10 further includes a second annular clutch actuating member 136 of steel supported in shroud 18 coaxial with axis A, and a radially expandable and contractible collet or clutch unit 138 which is coaxial with axis A and axially captured between clutch actuating members 88 and 136. Clutch actuating member 136 is axially fixed relative to clutch member 88 during operation of the apparatus and, preferably, is mounted in shroud 18 for the axial position thereof relative to clutch actuating member 88 to be incrementally adjustable for the purpose set forth hereinafter. In the embodiment illustrated, such adjustment is achieved by supporting clutch actuating member 136 on an adjusting means including a sleeve 140 for rotation relative thereto and threadedly interengaging the sleeve and shroud 18, whereby rotation of the sleeve in opposite directions relative to the shroud axially displaces the sleeve and thus clutch actuating member 136 toward and away from clutch actuating member 88. More particularly in this respect, the axially outer end of shroud 18 is provided with a radially stepped circumferential recess 142 which receives an annular, internally threaded sleeve 144. The axially inner end 146 of sleeve 140 is externally threaded to cooperatively interengage with the internal threads on sleeve 144 and is provided with a stop ring 148 adapted to engage sleeve 144 to limit axially outer displacement of sleeve 140 relative to shroud 18. A bearing unit 150 is radially interposed between axially inner end portion 146 of sleeve 140 and axially outer end 152 of clutch actuating member 136. The outer and inner races of bearing unit 150 are respectively in slip fit interengagement with the radially inner surface of sleeve end portion 146 and the radially outer surface of end 152 of clutch actuating member 136. The axially inner end 154 of clutch actuating member 136 has a conical surface 156 which converges toward axis A in the direction axially outwardly from the axially inner end of the clutch actuating member. As will be appreciated from the forgoing description and FIGURE 5, the threaded interengagement between sleeve 140 and shroud 18 provides for-clutch actuating member 136 to be axially adjustable between a maximum spacing relative to clutch actuating member 88 as shown in the upper portion of FIGURE 5 and a minimum axial spacing as shown in the lower portion of FIGURE 5. Shroud 18 and sleeve 144 are provided with at least one radially extending bore 158 which is internally threaded to receive a set screw or the like 160, and a protective insert 162 of nylon or the like is interposed between the inner end of set screw 160 and the external threads on inner end 146 of sleeve 140. Insert 162 is adapted to be pressed against the latter threads by the set screw to releasably hold sleeve 140 and thus clutch actuating member 136 in an adjusted position relative to clutch actuating member 88. Sleeve 140 has an axially outer end 164 extending from shroud 18 and, preferably, end 164 is provided with an externally knurled tubular operating knob 166 secured to sleeve end 164 by a radially extending threaded fastener 168 to facilitate rotation of sleeve 140 by an operator of the apparatus. When the component parts of the housing assembly are in the assembled relationship shown in FIGURE 3, collet or clutch unit 138 is axially captured between clutch actuating members 88 and 136 for displacement between an initial expanded position and a contracted position relative to axis A during operation of the apparatus. In the embodiment illustrated, as best seen in Figure 4C clutch unit 138 is comprised of three circumferentially adjacent arcuate clutch segments, each having conically contoured axially opposite end surfaces 172 profiled to cooperatively slideably interengage with conical surfaces 108 and 156 on clutch actuating members 88 and 136, respectively. The clutch segments are disposed within a biasing spring 174 which is a flat strip of spring metal in the form of an equilateral triangle with the axial and circumferential center of each clutch segment fastened to the center of one leg of the triangle by a suitable fastening element 176. Such a clutch or collet arrangement is well known as is the fact that spring 174 supports the clutch segments and biases the latter radially outwardly to an expanded position while providing for the segments to be radially displaced to a contracted position against the spring bias. As will be appreciated from the forgoing description, tubular shaft member 52, first and second clutch actuating members 88 and 136 and clutch unit 138 provide a tubular shaft assembly extending through the housing members coaxial with axis A between the front and rear ends of the apparatus. In connection with the use and operation of the apparatus for performing a drain cleaning operation, a drain cleaning snake S of given diameter is fed through the tubular shaft assembly and, with the component parts in the positions shown in FIGURES 3 and 5, the snake is freely slidable through the shaft assembly. The leading end of the snake is manually pushed into a drain or sewer line by the operator until an obstruction or obstacle is encountered, such as a blockage or bend in the drain or sewer line which precludes further manual advancement of the snake by the operator. Motor 110 is then turned on by manipulating switch actuating knob 119 whereupon the shaft assembly rotates relative to snake S. Steel sleeve 50 protects the front housing member 14 from the abrasive effect of the rotating snake. The operator then pivots operating lever 62 counterclockwise from the solid line position to the broken line position shown in FIGURE 3, whereupon tubular shaft 52 is axially displaced to the right in FIGURE 3 together with transmission pulley 86, first clutch actuating member 88 and transmission belt 132. Such displacement is relative to second clutch actuating member 136 and to clutch unit 138 which is axially captured therebetween, whereby the clutch segments of clutch unit 138 are radially contracted relative to and into engagement with snake S to rotate the latter. Upon releasing operating lever 62, the biasing force of clutch spring 174 together with the biasing force of spring 78 attached between housing 14 and shaft 52 bias the latter and first clutch actuating member 88 to the left in FIGURE 3 from the broken line positions thereof back to the solid line positions, whereupon the clutch segments of clutch unit 138 are biased by spring 174 to their expanded positions in which the snake is disengaged and the shaft assembly rotates relative thereto. During such axial displacement of shaft 52 to the left in FIGURE 3, operating lever 62 is pivoted clockwise from the broken line position thereof back to the solid position through the toothed interengagement between the shaft and lever. The operator then further manually advances the snake relative to the apparatus and into the drain line until another obstruction is encountered whereupon the snake is rotated in response to pivoting operating lever 62 as described. When the drain cleaning operation has been completed and drive motor 110 turned off, operating lever 62 is displaced from the solid line to the broken line position thereof shown in FIGURE 3, and lock pin 85 is inserted through openings 80 and 84 respectively in the lever and housing projection 82, whereby the lever is releasably held in a storage position. The apparatus can then be transported using either lever 62 or arm 40 of shroud 18 as a carrying handle. Importantly, should the operator need or desire to use a drain cleaning snake having a diameter which is not accommodated by the clutch unit 138 installed in the apparatus, the latter can readily be replaced with an appropriate clutch unit simply by removing fasteners 44 and pivoting shroud 18 axially outwardly about frame member 30 to separate clutch actuating member 136 from clutch actuating member 88 which frees the clutch unit for removal. Upon replacement of the clutch unit, shroud 18 is pivoted back to facial engagement with housing member 16, and the insertion of fasteners 44 completes the replacement operation. Moreover, as will be appreciated from Figure 5, the adjustment capability with respect to second clutch actuating member 136 enables adjustment of the clutch unit in the apparatus to accommodate different diameter snakes. Of further importance is the fact that when shroud 18 is released as described above, it can be lifted and removed from frame member 30 and bearing unit 150 and second clutch actuating member 136 are readily accessible for inspection and/or maintenance and are readily removable from the shroud and supporting sleeve 140 by the slip fit interengagement between the bearing unit, sleeve portion 146 and end portion of 152 of second clutch actuating member 136. Likewise, when shroud 18 is removed in the forgoing manner, access to the first clutch actuating member 88 and the component parts of the transmission is readily obtained by removing fasteners 22 holding housing member 16 in place relatively to housing members 12 and 14. Again, the slip fit interengagement between bearing unit 90 and end portion 56 of shaft 52 provides for readily removing transmission pulley 86 and first clutch actuating member 88 from shaft 52 for maintenance and/or replacement, and motor driven transmission pulley 126 is likewise uncovered and accessible for removal if necessary from motor shaft 124. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the component parts of the apparatus which most frequently require inspection, maintenance and/or replacement are disposed adjacent one end of the apparatus to optimize serviceability, and the clutch unit which is an interchangeable component and which is generally subject to the most severe wear and thus the most frequent replacement is readily accessible at the one end of the apparatus without having to totally remove any of the housing components. Of still further importance is the fact the major component parts of the apparatus are supported in suspension relative to the frame assembly by which the apparatus is supported on an underlying surface such as a floor. In this respect, tubular shaft 52, operating lever 62, motor 110, transmission pulleys 86 and 126 and first clutch actuating member 88 are all supported in and by upper front housing member 14 which is in turn supported between upper side legs 26b and 28b of frame assembly 24. Further, arm 40 of shroud 18 is pivotally supported on cross member 30 of the frame, and the shroud is releasably fastened to inserts 36 in the rear ends of upper frame legs 26b and 28b. Neither lower front housing member 12 nor transmission enclosing housing member 16 provide any support function with respect to the major component parts of the apparatus, and this advantageously enables the latter housing members to be made of plastic material, thus considerably reducing the weight of the apparatus relative to that which would exist if it were necessary to make these housing members from metal such as in prior art apparatus wherein the housing supports the apparatus relative to an underlying surface. While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the structures and structural interrelationships between the component parts of the apparatus in the preferred embodiment herein illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that other embodiments can be devised and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiment without departing from the principles of the invention. In particular in this respect, it will be appreciated that clutch structures other than that of clutch unit 138 can be employed, and that arrangements other than the specific pivotal lever arrangement shown can be provided for achieving axial displacement of the clutch actuating components in connection with constricting the clutch to engage and rotate the snake. Furthermore, while it is preferred to provide for the drive belt to axially slide relative to the motor driven transmission pulley, the belt could axially slide relative to transmission pulley 86, or a belt drive arrangement could be provided in which the belt would be axially fixed relative to transmission pulley 126 while moving axially with transmission pulley 86. These and other modifications of the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the invention will be obvious and suggested to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interrupted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation.

Claims: Drain cleaning apparatus for rotating a drain cleaning snake (S) comprising, a housing assembly (12, 14, 16, 18), first clutch actuating means (88) having an axis (A), second clutch actuating means (136) coaxial with and axially spaced from said first clutch actuating means (88), radially expandable and contractible clutch means (138) between and coaxial with said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136), means supporting said first clutch actuating means (88) for rotation about said axis (A) and supporting one of said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) for axial displacement toward and away from the other of said first and second clutch actuating means, means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) for rotation about said axis (A), said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) including means for radially contracting said clutch means (138) in response to axial displacement of said one clutch actuating means toward the other clutch actuating means for said clutch means (138) to engage and rotate a drain cleaning snake (S) extending therethrough, means for rotating said first clutch actuating means (88) including drive motor means (110) and drive coupling means (82, 126, 132) between said motor means (110) and said first clutch actuating means (88), and means (62) for axially displacing said one of said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136), characterized in that said first clutch actuating means (88) is supported for axial displacement toward and away from the second clutch actuating means (136) and the means (62) for axially displacing is coupled to said first clutch actuating means (88), and that said housing assembly (12, 14, 16, 18) has a removable end housing member (18), said second clutch actuating means (136) being mounted in said end housing member (18) for removal therewith. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said first clutch actuating means (88) includes first pulley means (68) coaxial therewith and said drive motor means (110) includes second pulley means (126) having a pulley axis (118) parallel to said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88), and said drive coupling means (86, 126, 132) includes endless belt means (132) trained about said first and second pulley means (86, 126) and axially slidably displaceable relative to said second pulley means (126). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said housing assembly (12, 14, 16, 18) includes another removable housing member (16) axially inwardly adjacent said end housing member (18), said first clutch actuating means (88), said first and second pulley means (86, 126) and said belt means (132) being accessible when said other housing member (16) is removed. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said first clutch actuating means (88) is supported on a tubular shaft means (52) for rotation relative thereto and axial displacement therewith, said tubular shaft means (52) being coaxial with said first clutch actuating means (88), and means (62) are coupled to said tubular shaft means (52) for axially reciprocating said tubular shaft means (52). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that said means (62) for reciprocating said tubular shaft means (52) includes lever means (62) pivotal about a lever axis (74), and means (60, 76) interengaging said lever means (62) and said tubular shaft means (52) for pivotal displacement of said lever means (62) in opposite directions about said lever axis (74) to reciprocate said tubular shaft means (52) in axially opposite directions. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) for rotation includes adjustable means (140) for selectively adjusting the axial position of said second clutch actuating means (136) relative to said first clutch actuating means (88). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) includes said end housing member (18), said adjustable means (140) including sleeve means (140) in said end housing member (18) coaxial with said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88), and means interengaging said sleeve means (140) and end housing member (18) for adjusting the axial position of said sleeve means (140) relative to said end housing member (18). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that said means interengaging said sleeve means (140) and end housing member (18) includes thread means therebetween. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) for rotation includes said end housing member (18), and that said apparatus further has means (30, 42) supporting said end housing member (18) for pivotal displacement between first and second positions about a pivot axis transverse to and spaced from said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by further including frame means (24) having upper and lower frame portions, said means (30, 42) supporting said end housing member (18) for pivotal displacement including means (30, 42) pivotally interengaging said end housing member (18) and said lower frame portion, and means (44) releasably interengaging said end housing member (18) and said upper frame portion. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that said means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) for rotation further includes sleeve means (140) in said end housing member (18) coaxial with said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88), and means (144) interengaging said sleeve means (140) and end housing member (18) for adjusting the axial position of said sleeve means (140) relative to said end housing member (18). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by said housing assembly further including a first housing portion (12, 14, 16) and a second housing portion (18) comprising said removable end housing member (18), said first clutch actuating means (88), drive motor (110) and drive coupling means (86, 126, 132) being in said first housing portion (12, 14, 16), said second clutch actuating means (136) being in said second housing portion (18), said clutch means (138) being axially captured between and supported by said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136), and means (30, 42, 44) removably mounting said second housing portion (18) on said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) for enabling access to said clutch means (138) and said second clutch actuating means (136). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that said apparatus further includes frame means (24) having upper and lower frame portions (26b, 28b, 26a, 28a), said frame means (24) supporting said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) in suspension, said lower frame portion (26a, 28a) including a frame member (30) spaced from and extending transverse to said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88), and said means (30, 42, 44) removably mounting said second housing portion (18) on said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) including means (30, 42) interengaging said second housing means (18) and said frame member (30). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that said drive motor means (110) is supported in suspension in said first housing portion (12, 14, 16). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) are axially displaceable relative to one another and to said clutch means (138) between first and second positions in which said clutch means (138) is respectively in an expanded position and a contracted position with respect to a drain cleaning snake (S) extending therethrough, said clutch means (138) in said expanded and contracted positions respectively disengaging and engaging said snake (S), and that said apparatus further has means (140) for incrementally adjusting the axial distance between said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) in an expanded position thereof. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that said first clutch actuating means (88) in said first position thereof is axially displaceable toward and away from said second clutch actuating means (136) in the first position thereof, and said means (140) for adjusting the axial distance between said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) includes sleeve means (140) for axially adjusting the first position of said second clutch actuating means (136) relative to said first clutch actuating means (88). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that said apparatus includes support means supporting said second clutch actuating means (136) in said end housing member (18), said support means including sleeve means (140) coaxial with said axis (A) of said first clutch actuating means (88), means (144) interengaging said sleeve means (140) and said end housing member (18) for axially adjusting the position of said sleeve means (140) relative to said end housing member (18), and said second clutch actuating means (136) being supported on said sleeve means (140) for rotation relative thereto and for axial displacement therewith. Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by said housing assembly (12, 14, 16, 18) having opposite ends, said housing assembly including first and second housing portions having axially opposed inner ends between said opposite ends of said housing assembly, said second housing portion being said removable end housing member (18), means removably mounting said second housing portion (18) on said first housing portion (12, 14, 16), said second clutch actuating means (136) being supported in said second housing portion (18) for rotation relative thereto and for displacement therewith upon removal of said second housing portion (18) from said first housing portion (12, 14, 16). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that said clutch means (138) is axially captured between said first and second clutch actuating means (88, 136) in the mounted position of said second housing portion (18) on said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) and is released upon removal of said second housing portion (18). Drain cleaning apparatus according to claim 19, characterized by including frame means (24) having upper and lower frame portions (26b, 28b, 26a, 28a), said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) being supported in suspension from said upper frame portion (26b, 28b), said first housing portion (12, 14, 16) supporting said first clutch actuating means (88), said means for axially displacing said one clutch actuating means (88) and said means for rotating said first clutch actuating means (88), and said means for rotating said first clutch actuating means (88) including a drive motor (110) mounted in suspension in said first housing portion (12, 14, 16).

Inventors: GALLAGHER MICHAEL PAUL, THISDELL JAY R, GALLAGHER, MICHAEL PAUL, THISDELL, JAY R.
Applicants: EMERSON ELECTRIC CO, EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: E03F9
IPC codes: B08B9, E03F9