ENCRYPTION KEY MANAGEMENT

Abstract: In an Asynchronous Transfer Mode telecommunications network having a plurality of virtual paths or circuits, an encryption key used for data transmitted between a source and a receiver may be updated, the data being transmitted initially using a first encryption key by a first of the plurality of virtual paths or circuits, by a connection being established by a second of the plurality of virtual paths and sending a second encryption key by that connection from the source to the receiver and subsequently transmitting the data using the second encryption key by the second of the plurality of virtual paths.

Description: ENCRYPTION KEY MANAGEMENT The present invention relates to the updating of encryption keys within an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) system using for example ATM Virtual paths or Virtual circuits which allows very simple ways to update and manage encryption keys without the usual problem of synchronising changes between transmitters and receivers of information. If data is being encrypted, transmitted across a system and then decrypted at the other side as in Figure 1, this is straightforward if the encryption keys are constant. However, for a system that has to operate for some time there will be a desire to change the key from time to time. In prior art systems this has been done by transmitting the new key across the system, pre¬ loading the second key at the destination and giving some changeover signal. Then the receiver has to be able to hold two keys and to change over between them very fast, in a carefully controlled manner, without losing data. Synchronising the changeover between the two ends is the real problem. According to the present invention there is provided in an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) telecommunications network having a plurality of virtual paths, a method of updating an encryption key used for data transmitted between a source and a receiver, the data being transmitted initially using a first encryption key, by a first of the plurality of virtual paths and a connection being established by a second ofthe plurality of virtual paths, by which connection a second encryption key is sent from the source to the receiver and subsequently the data being transmitted using the second encryption key by the second of the plurality of virtual paths. There is further provided in an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) telecornrnunicauons network having a plurality of virtual circuits a method of updating an encryption key used for data transmitted between a source and a receiver, the data being transmitted initially using a first encryption key, by a first of the plurality of virtual circuits and a connection being established by a second of the plurality of virtual circuits, by which connection a second encryption key is sent from the source to the receiver and subsequently the data being transmitted using the second encryption key by the second of the plurahty of virtual circuits. Within an ATM network it is possible to establish multiple virtual paths (VPs) or virtual circuits (VCs), which unless they are actually being used, consume no network resources. Rather than have the complexity of two keys and a carefully controlled changeover, the basic idea is to set up a second VP VC with the new key and at the senders choice start sending the data on the new VP/VC when it is ready. No complex changeover mechanism is needed, when the new VP VC is in use the old one can simply be removed. The sequence of operations is shown in Figure 2. This example encrypts a VP to the customer (Vpy), which initially is established on Vpxl across the ATM transmission and encrypted with key kl. Later when the key needs to be updated, a second connection is established using Vpx2 and key k2. When this has been established, the sender can, when it chooses to, just start sending the data on the new VP, later the old VP can be disconnected. This example encrypts VPs, the architecture would be the same for a virtual circuit. This procedure can be extended to a bi-directional case as follows, when the source wants to change the keys used, it sets up its data handler to handle the new key on the new VP, then it tells the receiver, when this gets the change message it starts the new VP when it is ready, the headend simply starts receiving the data on the new VP with the new key when it arrives. If the ATM transmission is within a closed system such as an access network the above procedure is adequate. In an open network there are two other matters that need consideration :- The network would either have to establish (and police) both circuits at their full bandwidth requirements and hence over-provide the network, or police the sum of the traffic of both circuits together. Neither option is particularly complicated. The basic mechamsm is fine as long as the cell sequence integrity between the two circuits is guaranteed. If cell sequence integrity is not possible, then other methods may be apphcable such as the encrypter holding traffic at the changeover time sufficient to allow for the worst case in variation. This method of key control is really applicable to any packet network. In particular it is a very realistic way to provide for frequent updates of keys without a complex changeover protocol or other complexity. This is suitable for an access system to deliver secure programs to a selected number of users, where those users who have subscribed to die program are given the keys to decrypt it. Now in such an environment it may be desirable to change the keys frequently, this mechanism allows the key to be changed very easily.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. In an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) telecommunications network having a plurality of virtual paths, a method of updating an encryption key used for data transmitted between a source and a receiver, the data being transmitted initially using a first encryption key, by a first of the plurahty of virtual paths and a connection being established by a second of the plurahty of virtual paths, by which connection a second encryption key is sent from the source to the receiver and subsequently the data being transmitted using the second encryption key by the second ofthe plurahty of virtual paths. 2. In an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) telecommunications network having a plurality of virtual circuits a method of updating an encryption key used for data transmitted between a source and a receiver, the data being transmitted initially using a first encryption key, by a first ofthe plurahty of virtual circuits and a connection being established by a second ofthe plurahty of virtual circuits, by which connection a second encryption key is sent from the source to the receiver and subsequently the data being transmitted using the second encryption key by the second of the plurality of virtual circuits. RULE 26

Inventors: PROCTOR RICHARD JOHN, PROCTOR, RICHARD, JOHN
Applicants: PLESSEY TELECOMM, PROCTOR RICHARD JOHN, GPT LIMITED, PROCTOR, RICHARD, JOHN
Application year: 1996
Main classification: H04L9
IPC codes: H04L9, H04L12, H04Q3, H04Q11