Ink-jet printing apparatus

Abstract: An ink-jet printing apparatus performs a printing process by discharging ink from color ink heads (30C, 30M, 30Y, 30K) and treatment liquid from a liquid head (31) for making the ink insoluble or coherent. The printing apparatus has the minimum amount of memory (114) to be required to eject the treatment liquid as far as possible and performs excellent printing. For discharge data of one scanning performance of the color ink heads, the apparatus has only memories (101, 102, 103, 104) for each color ink head (30C, 30M, 30Y, 30K). Discharge data for the treatment liquid is formed by a treatment liquid discharge data creating portion (113) based on the data stored in the memories (101, 102, 103, 104) upon switched by data-switching portion (121, 122, 123, 124). Then the discharge data for the liquid head is supplied to the head (31) after being stored in a buffer (114) as much as the number of orifices of the head.

Description: The present invention relates to an ink-jet printing apparatus, in particular to an ink-jet printing apparatus that performs a printing process by discharging ink and a treatment solution or liquid for making dye stuff of the ink insoluble or coherent. An ink-jet printing method has been widely applied in printers and the like because it has many advantages of quiet printing, fewer running costs, size reduction, and printing in colors, and so on, without great difficulty. Previously, if an image is printed on a printing medium such as a piece of ordinary paper by the ink-jet printing method it often happens that the quality of the image declines as a consequence of the spreading of ink on the paper, or the like. In general, ink to be used in the ink-jet printing method is mainly composed of water, so that the ink runs on the paper. In the case of printing a color image, in particular, several color ink are deposited one after another on the printing medium without intervals enough to fix each color. As a result, bleeding can occur at a boundary between the colors and it often lowers the quality of the image. Furthermore, there are some printed matters obtained by the ink-jet printing method where ink does not show sufficient water-proof characteristics. To solve the above problems in the ink-jet printing method, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laying-open No. 128862/1983 discloses a technique of discharging a treatment solution having an effect of fixing recording ink on a recording medium so as to place them one on top of the other before or after discharging the recording ink. In this document, there is described a method of generating data for discharging the above treatment solution, in which the discharge data is provided as a result of performing a logical OR with respect to the discharge data of cyan, magenta, and yellow. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 63185/1989 also discloses a technique of improving a waterproof property of ink. In this document, when a recording ink is attached on a recording medium after attaching a chemical compound that makes dye stuff of ink insoluble, printing is performed after setting a dot of the insolublizing compound so as to have a larger diameter than that of the recording ink. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laying-open No. 202328/1993, disclosing the same kind of technology, includes a description of improving the property of waterproof and the stability of fixation by using: a method of discharging treatment solution on a printing medium prior to the ink-jet, in which the treatment solution is responsible for fixing the recording ink well to provide a waterproof property thereof; a method of attaching the treatment solution on the recording medium by a roller coating; and a method of attaching the recording ink and the treatment solution on the recording medium after mixing them by an ejection device during their flying in the air. As explained in the above three official documents, careful handling of the discharge data becomes a subject of the discussion in the technology of making the ink insoluble and flocculating dye stuff in the ink by discharging the treatment solution from a different head and mixing it with the ink. Among the above official documents, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laying-open No. 128862/1983 employs a logical OR of the discharge data of Y, M, and C as the way of generating data for discharging the treatment solution, as mentioned above. If a plurality of discharge orifices are formed on a head of each ink (typically this kind of construction is employed as orifices in most cases), the same number of logical circuits and their incidental delay circuits and the like as orifices are required, causing a problem of constructing a comparatively complicated and large-scaled circuit structure. This problem is more serious in a printing apparatus using a so-called full line head. To solve the above problem, for example, it is conceivable that discharge data of the treatment solution is previously formed for one line with respect to a scanning movement of the head and then the data of one line is stored in an exclusive memory from which the discharge data is read out every time the head discharges. However, the memory has not been required when the treatment solution has not been used, thus resulting in a different problem of rising the cost of manufacturing the device. This problem becomes more remarkable in proportion to the amount of the discharge data depending on the number of orifices of the head and the extent of the printing area. WO87/03363 describes a multitone ink-jet printer wherein an additional clear ink drop generator may be provided for reducing the optical density of single small dots in a given pixel area to reduce graininess. Therefore the present invention is conceived so as to solve the above problems. An object of the present invention is to provide an ink-jet printing apparatus which is able to provide excellent results in printing with the amount of memory being kept as small as possible, in particular, by discharging a predetermined amount of treatment solution from a head having a plurality of orifices. In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ink-jet printing apparatus according to claim 1. Here, the controller may comprise: an ink discharge buffer for storing ink discharge data corresponding to a smaller number of items of ink discharge data than the predetermined number of items for the ink-discharge portion; and a data-transfer switch circuit for switching transmission of the discharge data stored in the discharge data memory between the liquid discharge data former and the ink discharge buffer. The number of items of the liquid discharge data formed by the liquid discharge data former, which is less than the predetermined number of items of the ink discharge data stored in the ink discharge data memory, may correspond to the number of orifices of the liquid discharge portion and the ink discharge portion. The controller may further comprise: a resolution converting circuit for converting a resolution of the ink discharge data to be transmitted to the ink-discharge buffer. The resolution converting circuit may increase the resolution of the ink discharge data. An ink-jet printing apparatus embodying the invention may further comprise: a data-amplification circuit for increasing the number of items of the liquid discharge data formed by the liquid discharge data former and transmitting the increased number of items of liquid discharge data to the liquid discharge buffer. The liquid may comprise cationic substances of a low-molecular weight ingredient and a high-molecular weight ingredient, while the ink may comprise an anionic dye stuff. The liquid may comprise cationic substances of a low-molecular weight ingredient and a high-molecular weight ingredient, while the ink may comprise an anionic compound and a pigment. The ink discharge portion and the liquid discharge portion may have a thermal energy generating element for discharging the ink or the liquid by utilizing thermal energy. In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ink-jet printing apparatus in accordance with claim 4. Here, the data transfer switch may switch the transmission every discharge timing. The discharge data former may form discharge data of the treatment liquid by performing a logical OR of the discharge data stored in the plurality of the discharge data memory portions for every discharge. The printing apparatus may be constructed to be used as a terminal for a computer. The printing apparatus may be constructed to be used in a copying machine. The printing apparatus may be constructed to be used in a facsimile machine. According to the above construction, for example, a predetermined number of items of ink discharge data for one scanning movement is stored in an ink discharge data memory. On the other hand, liquid discharge data is formed based on the ink discharge data above and stored in a liquid discharge data buffer for the number of the orifices corresponding to discharge time of the head for discharging the liquid. Consequently, the amount of memory for storing the discharge data of the treatment solution can be kept to a minimum as far as possible. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an ink-jet printing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an ink-jet unit and a carriage to be used in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of heads for ink of respective colors and a treatment solution in the above apparatus; Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the construction for processing discharge data in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 5A to 5D are schematic illustrations of data to be stored in discharge data memories respectively in the above construction; Figs. 6A to 6H are schematic illustrations of data to be stored in discharge buffers respectively for every discharge positions in the above construction; Figs. 7A to 7H are schematic illustrations of printing results represented by ink dots according to the discharge data shown in Figs. 6A to 6H, respectively; Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of the construction for processing the discharge data in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of converting a resolution in accordance with the second embodiment; Figs. 10A and 10B are schematic illustrations of discharge data before and after the resolution conversion, respectively; Figs. 11A and 11B are schematic illustrations of discharge data of treatment solution shown in the above second embodiment and the results thereof with respect to the resolution; Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of the relation between the results of discharging the treatment solution shown in Figs. 11A and 11B and the results of discharging each ink; Fig. 13 is a block diagram of the construction for processing discharge data in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 14A and 14B are schematic illustrations of discharge data of treatment solution shown in the above second embodiment and the results thereof with respect to the discharge data of each ink; Fig. 15 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an information processing system that uses the ink-jet printing apparatus of one of the above embodiments of the present invention; Fig. 16 is an external perspective view of the above system; and Fig. 17 is an external perspective view of another embodiment of the above system. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the attached drawings. <First embodiment> Fig. 1 is a perspective illustration of an ink-jet printing apparatus as one of embodiments of the present invention. In ink-jet printing apparatus 200, a carriage 201 is slidably engaged with two guide rods 204 and 205 which are extended in parallel to each other. Therefore, the carriage 201 is able to move along the guide rods 204 and 205 by a mechanism for transmitting driving power. The mechanism includes a driving motor, a belt that transmit the driving power generated by the motor, and so on (these members are not shown for clarity in the figure). In addition, the carriage 201 carries an ink-jet unit 203 having ink-jet heads and ink tanks, in which each ink tank is provided as a reservoir for storing ink to be used by the corresponding head. To put it concretely, the ink-jet unit 203 comprises: heads for discharging ink of several colors and a treatment solution or liquid for making the ink insoluble or coherent, respectively; and tanks as containers for storing the ink or the treatment solution to be supplied to their corresponding heads. That is, the carriage 201 carries: five heads that correspond to the ink of four colors of black (Bk), cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) and the above treatment solution respectively; and the tanks that correspond to these heads respectively, as the ink-jet unit 203. In this case, each head and its corresponding tank can be detachable from each other. If the ink or the treatment solution is used up or the like, therefore, it is possible to replace the corresponding tank alone in need of individual ink colors or the like. Needless to say, nothing but the head can be replaced with new one if required. Furthermore the heads and the tanks are not limited to the above detachable construction, but also they can be integrated with together and provided as single-piece design. Plain paper 206 as a print medium is inserted into an insertion opening 211 and then its transport direction is reversed by a paper feed movement. Finally the paper 206 is moved by a feed roller 209 to the lower part of the space where the carriage 201 shifts its position. After this, with the movement of the head carried on the carriage 201, the head prints an image on a printing region of the paper 206 sustained on a platen 208. In this way, the head prints throughout the paper 206 with an alternate repeat of printing performance and sheet feed, in which a width or a distance of each of them corresponds to a width of an orifices' array of the head. Then the paper 206 is discharged toward the front of the apparatus. On the left side of the possible range of the carriage's movement, when viewed from the side of the paper-insertion portion 211, there is an unit of discharge-recovering system 210. The system 210 is installed in the device so as to be able to face each head on the carriage 201 at a position below the heads. Therefore it is possible to perform the steps of capping the orifices of each head, sucking ink therefrom, and so on. In addition, the above left side includes a predetermined portion which is determined as a home position of the heads. On the right side of the device, on the other hand, there is provided a control panel including switches and indicators. In this case, these switches are responsible for turning on/off the device's power supply, setting various modes of the printing performance, and the like, while these indicators are responsible for indicating various conditions of the device. Referring now to Fig. 2, there is schematically shown a perspective view of the ink-jet unit 203 illustrated in Fig. 1. In the construction of the ink-jet unit 203, as described above, each of black (Bk), cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) ink tanks and treatment solution's tank is replaceable individually. That is, the carriage 201 carries a head case 202 for removably holding each head, a Bk ink tank 20K, an Y ink tank 20Y, a M ink tank 20M, a C ink tank 20C, and a treatment solution's tank 21. In the head case 202, as shown in Fig. 3, heads 30K, 30C, 30M, and 30Y for discharging ink of Bk, C, M, and Y respectively and a head 31 for discharging the treatment solution are installed. Each head has 160 a plurality of orifices, in which each orifice is able to eject 40 ng of ink or treatment solution at one discharge. In addition, each tank connects with its corresponding head by their joint portions (not shown) to supply the ink or the treatment solution from the tank to the head. Furthermore, the construction of tank may be determined in accordance with the amount of usage of ink or treatment solution, so that two or more tanks may be united together, for example between the treatment solution's tank and the Bk ink tank or among the ink tanks of C, M, and Y. Here, as an example, the treatment liquid or solution for making ink dyestuff insoluble can be obtained in the following manner. Specifically, after the following components are mixed together and dissolved, and the mixture is pressure-filtered by using a membrane filter of 0.22 µm in pore size (tradename: fluoropore filter manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.), and thereafter, pH of the mixture is adjusted to a level of 4.8 by adding sodium hydroxide whereby liquid A1 can be obtained. [components of A1] low molecular weight ingredients of cationic compound; stearyl-trimethyl ammonium salts (tradename : Electrostriper QE, manufactured by Kao Corporation), or stearyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride (tradename : Yutamine 86P, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 2.0 parts by weight high molecular weight ingredients of cationic compound; copolymer of diarylamine hydrochloride and sulfur dioxide(having an average molecular weight of 5000) (tradename : polyaminesulfon PAS-92, manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts by weight thiodiglycol; 10 parts by weight water balance Preferable examples of ink which becomes insoluble by mixing the aforementioned treatment liquid can be noted below. Specifically, the following components are mixed together, the resultant mixture is pressure-filtered with the use of a membrane filter of 0.22 µm in pore size (tradename : Fluoroporefilter, manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.) so that yellow ink Y1, magenta ink M1, cyan ink C1 and black ink K1 can be obtained. Y1 C. I. direct yellow 142 2 parts by weight thiodiglycol 10 parts by weight acetynol EH (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.05 parts by weight water balance M1 having the same composition as that of Y1 other than that the dyestuff is changed to 2.5 parts by weight of C. I. acid red 289. C1 having the same composition as that of Y1 other than that the dyestuff is changed to 2.5 parts by weight of acid blue 9. K1 having the same composition as that of Y1 other than that the dyestuff is changed to 3 parts by weight of C. I. food black 2. According to the present invention, the aforementioned treatment liquid and ink are mixed with each other at the position on the printing medium or at the position where they penetrate in the printing medium. As a result, the ingredient having a low molecular weight or cationic oligomer among the cationic material contained in the treatment liquid and the water soluble dye used in the ink having anionic radical are associated with each other by an ionic mutual function as a first stage of reaction whereby they are instantaneously separated from the solution liquid phase. Next, since the associated material of the dyestuff and the cationic material having a low molecular weight or cationic oligomer are adsorbed by the ingredient having a high molecular weight contained in the treatment liquid as a second stage of reaction, a size of the aggregated material of the dyestuff caused by the association is further increased, causing the aggregated material to hardly enter fibers of the printed material. As a result, only the liquid portion separated from the solid portion permeates into the printed paper, whereby both high print quality and a quick fixing property are obtained. At the same time, the aggregated material formed by the ingredient having a low molecular weight or the cationic oligomer of the cationic material and the anionic dye by way of the aforementioned mechanism, has increased viscosity. Thus, since the aggregated material does not move as the liquid medium moves, ink dots adjacent to each other are formed by inks each having a different color at the time of forming a full colored image but they are not mixed with each other. Consequently, a malfunction such as bleeding does not occur. Furthermore, since the aggregated material is substantially water-insoluble, water resistibility of a formed image is complete. In addition, light resistibility of the formed image can be improved by the shielding effect of polymer. By the way, the term "insoluble" or "aggregation" refers to observable events in only the above first stage or in both the first and second stages. When the present invention is carried out, since there is no need of using the cationic material having a high molecular weight and polyvalent metallic salts like the prior art or even though there is need of using them, it is sufficient that they are assistantly used to improve an effect of the present invention, a quantity of usage of them can be minimized. As a result, the fact that there is no reduction of a property of color exhibition that is a problem in the case that an effect of water resistibility is asked for by using the conventional cationic high molecular weight material and the polyvalent metallic salts can be noted as another effect of the present invention. With respect to a printing medium usable for carrying out the present invention, there is no specific restriction, so called plain paper such as copying paper, bond paper or the like conventionally used can preferably be used. Of course, coated paper specially prepared for ink jet printing and OHP transparent film are preferably used. In addition, ordinary high quality paper and bright coated paper can preferably be used. Referring now to Fig. 3, there is schematically shown the ink discharging heads 30C, 30M, 30y, and 30K and the treatment solution's discharging head 31 of the ink-jet printing apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this figure, by the way, only eight orifices are illustrated in each head for the purpose of simplifying the graphical representation or the like (the orifice is referenced by numeral 306). As described in the explanation of Fig. 1, each head is mounted on the carriage 201 together with the corresponding tank (not shown in Fig. 3) and is moved in the predetermined scanning direction. During the scanning movement, each head ejects the treatment solution or the ink and subsequently prints an image or the like on the printing medium 206. Hereinafter, a printing by one scanning movement of the head is defined as a printing of one line, and thus the device repeats the printing of one line and the sheet feed with a distance corresponding to a width of the one line printing alternately in order to print throughout the print medium 206. Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the construction for processing discharge data in accordance with the present embodiment. Print data is converted into discharge data of each C, M, Y, and Bk inks and subsequently stored in discharge data memories 101-104, respectively. Though the amount of data to be stored varies according to specifications of the printing apparatus and the like, it is possible to define the amount of the data so as to correspond to one page or one line. In response to control signals from a data-control unit 116, so far as the number of orifices of each head, the stored data in each memory is read out with a predetermined timing, corresponding to a plurality of orifices of each head. Data-switching units 121-124 corresponding to C, M, Y, and Bk inks respectively are responsible for changing the direction of transmitting the discharge data which is read out of the above respective discharge data memories with the predetermined timing under the control signals from the data control unit 116. This results in data transfers from the respective memories to a data-creating unit 113 for generating data of discharging the treatment solution or to their respective ink-discharge buffers 105-108. That is, respective discharge data of colors, which are first read out of the respective discharge data memories 101-104, are transmitted to the data-creating unit 113 for generating data of discharging the treatment solution, by means of their respective switching circuits 121-124. Then the data-creating unit 113 generates the treatment solution discharge data by performing a logical OR of the respective ink discharge data, followed by storing the generated data in a data buffer for the treatment solution. Then the control signals from the control unit 116 compel the discharge data memories 101-104 to output discharge data so as to also correspond to the number of the orifices of the respective heads, followed by storing the discharge data in the respective ink discharge buffers 105-108. In the manner described above, the data of discharging the treatment solution and ink of colors are read out and stored in the buffer 114 and the buffers 105-108, respectively so as to correspond to the number of the orifices of the respective heads. Then the heads 31, 30C, 30M, 30Y, and 30K receive the respective discharge data according to their individual discharge timing and discharge the treatment solution and the color ink respectively. Figs. 5 to 7 are schematic diagrams for concretely explaining the above discharge data processing. Figs. 5A to 5D illustrate the discharge data of one line to be stored in the discharge data memories 101-104, respectively. Figs. 6A to 6H illustrate the condition of the discharge data of one line shown in Fig. 5, in which the discharge data is stored in the discharge buffers 114 and 105-108, respectively. Figs. 7A to 7H illustrate dot patterns of the treatment solution and the color ink printed on the print medium according to the discharge data of Fig. 6, respectively. In these figures, in addition, N1-N8 denote the positions of storing the data or the positions of forming the dots, which correspond to eight orifices of each head. Furthermore, P1-P8 denote the positions of storing the data or the positions of forming the dots, which correspond to eight discharge positions in the main-scanning direction. The eight discharge positions are chosen for the reason of simplifying the explanation in the same way as that of the orifices. As shown in Figs. 5A to 5D, in an image of this concrete example, the C head 30C (data of the memory 101) is the data (301) of drawing a straight line in the main-scanning direction by using the orifice N2 alone. Similarly, the M head 30M (the memory 102) and the Y head 30Y (the memory 103) are the data of drawing straight lines in the main-scanning direction by using the orifices N3 and N4, respectively. In addition, the discharge data stored in the K head 30K (the memory 104) is of drawing a T-shape image by using the orifices N5-N8. The discharge data of color ink in Fig. 5 are stored in the respective discharge buffers 114 and 105-108 by performing the data transmission including a transmission switching for every discharge, resulting in the condition shown in Figs. 6A to 6H respectively. That is, Fig. 6A shows the condition of storing the discharge data in each buffer at the time of discharging on the discharge position P1. Similarly, Figs. 6B to 6H show the conditions of storing the discharge data in each buffer at the time of discharging on the discharge positions P2-P8, respectively. At the discharge position P1, for example, the data "1" (discharge) is only applied on orifices N2-N6 of the head 31 for discharging the treatment solution because of a logical OR of the discharge data of the heads for discharging the color ink. That is, as shown in Figs. 5A to 5D, the data "1" is applied on orifice N2 of the C head (the memory 101), orifice N3 of the M head (the memory 102), orifice N4 of the Y head (the memory 103), and orifices N5 and N6 of the K head (the memory 104). Figs. 7A to 7H show the results of printing based on the discharge data of the buffers 114 and 105-108 shown in Fig. 6, respectively. For example, Fig. 7A illustrates the result of printing at the discharge position P1, in which each dot formed is based on the discharge data in Fig. 6A. That is, the dot of each ink is discharged so as to be placed on a dot of the treatment solution. In the figure, "o" is the symbol for the dot of the treatment solution. For only the purpose of clarifying the graphical representation, the dots of color ink are represented as the smaller one compared with that of the treatment solution. By the way, it is noted that a size of the dot is not limited by the graphic representation. By switching the data transmission of the above embodiment, the amount of the discharge data may be only used as much as the number of the orifices of each head, for the buffers of discharging the treatment solution and the color ink. Consequently the ink-jet printing apparatus prints an image with good qualities by using both the ink and the treatment solution without substantially increasing the amount of memories. <Embodiment 2> Fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating the construction for processing discharge data in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the construction of the present invention is adapted to a color ink-jet printing apparatus that performs the printing with the conversion of print data into one with a comparatively high resolution. That is, the construction shown in Fig. 8 comprises almost the same elements as that of the construction shown in Fig. 4 except that the former comprises a resolution-converting unit and uses a discharge head with a resolution of large dpi (dots per inch) at least as an ink discharge head. As shown Fig. 8, that is, respective discharge data of colors are stored in the respective buffers 105-108 after converting the resolution thereof in the resolution-converting unit 61. As a result, the density of the discharge data is increased. In the resolution conversion, as shown in Fig. 9, the resolution-converting unit 61 converts the original discharge data into a doubled density form, in which the density of the data is doubled vertically and horizontally (i.e., in the main-scanning direction). In this embodiment, therefore, images are printed with higher definition. For example the resolution-converting unit 61 increases the amount of the discharge data by four times by converting the discharge data of a resolution of 300 × 300 (dpi) into that of 600 × 600 (dpi). In this case, furthermore, the treatment solution discharge data is not subjected to the resolution conversion, so that the amount thereof is lower than that of each ink. Consequently, the amount of the treatment solution to be discharged should be larger than that of each ink so as to form a dot having a larger diameter. To this end, it may be carried out by using an exclusive head for discharging the treatment solution, in which the amount of the solution to be discharged is larger than that of each ink; or conducting the process of increasing a heat pulse that drives the treatment solution discharge head. Consequently, it makes sure that the treatment solution is mixed with each ink. Figs. 10 to 12 are schematic diagrams or illustrating concrete examples of the printing in accordance with the present embodiment. For the purpose of simplifying the explanation, we will describe the case that only the discharge data of black ink is in existence. Fig. 10A shows an example of the discharge data of black ink to be stored in the discharge data memory 104. In the figure, reference numeral 701 denotes each discharge position based on that data. In Fig. 10B, furthermore, there is shown modified discharge data obtained by converting the resolution of the discharge data of Fig. 10A. In this case, the modified discharge data is successively stored in the buffer 108 so far as the number of the orifices of the head. In the figure, reference numeral 702 denotes each discharge position based on that data. Referring now to Fig. 11A, there is shown a schematic diagram of the results of discharging the treatment solution according to the above data. As described above, the discharge data of the treatment solution is generally obtained by a logical OR of the discharge data of the whole color ink with every discharge position. In this example, however, the discharge data of the treatment solution is similar to that of the black ink without the resolution conversion. In addition, a dot of the treatment solution has a larger diameter compared with that of each ink as described above. Furthermore, as the amount of data with respect to the treatment solution are small, the head for the treatment solution discharges if the discharge data exist on any one of pixels represented by reference numerals 1-4 in Fig. 9. Fig. 11B is a schematic diagram that shows the extent over which the treatment solution discharged as shown in Fig. 11A has an effect on. In the figure, reference numeral 704 denotes the extent over which the treatment solution has an effect. Also, Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram that illustrates an appearance of Bk ink in the extent of the treatment solution by discharging the Bk ink according to the discharge data after converting a resolution thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 705 denotes a dot of the Bk ink. In this embodiment, the treatment solution effects on whole ink dots. If the printing is performed by using different discharge data, the device copes with the different data by making a dot size of the treatment solution larger than that of the ink because there is no substantial change in discharge position. <Embodiment 3> In the above embodiment 2, the discharge data for each ink is converted into data having higher resolution and the amount of discharging the treatment solution is comparatively larger than that of the ink. In this embodiment 3, the resolution conversion is performed on each ink but every dots are printed as of the same dot size. For this kind of the printing, the construction is shown in Fig. 13. In Fig. 13, the construction is almost the same as that of the embodiment 2 except as follows. In Fig. 13, when the discharge data is transmitted from the treatment solution discharge buffer 114, the discharge data of the treatment solution is transmitted by means of a data amplifier circuit 81 to a plurality of heads, which number depends on a ratio of the resolution conversion, so as to make the discharge data of the treatment solution and the discharge date of each ink the same resolution, resulting in the treatment solution being discharged with the same resolution as each ink. That is, the present embodiment is constructed so as to discharge the treatment solution from two heads by displacing an array of orifices of one head 1/2 pitches in its array direction from another one. Furthermore, it is also possible to use only one treatment discharge head having two arrays of orifices 1/2 pitches deviated from each other. Referring now to Fig. 14A, there is shown a schematic diagram illustrating the condition of discharging the treatment solution on the basis of the discharge data (i.e., one obtained by amplification) shown in Fig. 10A. In the figure, reference numeral 903 denotes one discharge data of the treatment solution. At this time, the amount of discharging the treatment solution and that of each ink may be the same. Referring now to Fig. 14B, furthermore, there is shown a schematic diagram illustrating the condition of discharging the ink after discharging the treatment solution. As shown in Fig. 14A, each dot of the treatment solution is of course formed at a position shifted from the corresponding position of each ink dot as a result of just increasing the number of treatment solution's dots on the base of the discharge data before the resolution conversion. As shown in Fig. 14B, however, the effective region of the discharge treatment solution is not always in its landed area. It also can be observed in the adjacent area. Furthermore, in the case of ink dots obtained by the resolution-converted discharge data, the effectiveness of the treatment solution can be observed at every position. Consequently, it is proved that the present embodiment makes the effective use of the treatment solution, so that the printing with a high quality and a high water-resistibility can be performed. Ink usable for carrying out the present invention should not be limited only to dyestuff ink, and pigment ink having pigment dispersed therein can also be used. Any type of treatment liquid can be used, provided that pigment is aggregated with it. The following pigment ink can be noted as an example of pigment ink adapted to cause aggregation by mixing with the treatment liquid A1 previously discussed. As mentioned below, yellow ink Y2, magenta ink M2, cyan ink C2 and black ink K2 each containing pigment and anionic compound can be obtained. [Black ink K2] The following materials are poured in a batch type vertical sand mill (manufactured by Aimex Co.), glass beads each having a diameter of 1 mm is filled as media using anion based high molecular weight material P-1 (aqueous solution containing a solid ingredient of styrene methacrylic acid ethylacrylate of 20 % having an acid value of 400 and average molecular weight of 6000, neutralizing agent : potassium hydroxide) as dispersing agent to conduct dispersion treatment for three hours while water-cooling the sand mill. After completion of dispersion, the resultant mixture has a viscosity of 9 cps and pH of 10.0. The dispersing liquid is poured in a centrifugal separator to remove coarse particles, and a carbon black dispersing element having a weight-average grain size of 10 nm is produced. (Composition of carbon black dispersing element) P-1 aqueous solution (solid ingredient of 20 %) 40 parts carbon black Mogul L (manufactured by Cablack Co.) 24 parts glycerin 15 parts ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 0.5 parts isopropyl alcohol 3 parts water 135 parts Next, the thus obtained dispersing element is sufficiently dispersed in water, and black ink K2 containing pigment for ink jet printing is obtained. The final product has a solid ingredient of about 10%. [Yellow ink Y2] Anionic high molecular P-2 (aqueous solution containing a solid ingredient of 20 % of stylenacrlylic acid methyl methaacrylate having an acid value of 280 and an average molecular weight of 11,000, neutralizing agent : diethanolamine) is used as a dispersing agent and dispersive treatment is conducted in the same manner as production of the black ink K2 whereby yellow color dispersing element having a weight-average grain size of 103 nm is produced. (composition of yellow dispersing element) P-2 aqueous solution (having a solid ingredient of 20 %) 35 parts C. I. pigment yellow 180 (tradename : Nobapalm yellow PH-G, manufactured by Hext Co.) 24 parts triethylen glycol 10 parts diethylenglycol 10 parts ethylene glycol monobutylether 1.0 parts isopropyl alcohol 0.5 parts water 135 parts The thus obtained yellow dispersing element is sufficiently dispersed in water to obtain yellow ink Y2 for ink jet printing and having pigment contained therein. The final product of ink contains a solid ingredient of about 10 %. [Cyan ink C2] Cyan colored-dispersant element having a weight-average grain size of 120 nm is produced using anionic high molecular P-1 as dispersing agent, and moreover, using the following materials by conducting dispersing treatment in the same manner as the carbon black dispersing element. (composition of cyan colored-dispersing element) P-1 aqueous solution (having solid ingredient of 20 %) 30 parts C. I. pigment blue 153 (trade name : Fastogen blue FGF, manufactured by Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.) 24 parts glycerin 15 parts diethylenglycol monobutylether 0.5 parts isopropyl alcohol 3 parts water 135 parts The thus obtained cyan colored dispersing element is sufficiently stirred to obtain cyan ink C2 for ink jet printing and having pigment contained therein. The final product of ink has a solid ingredient of about 9.6 %. [Magenta ink M2] Magenta color dispersing element having a weight-average grain size of 115 nm is produced by using the anionic high molecular P-1 used when producing the black ink K2 as dispersing agent, and moreover, using the following materials in the same manner as that in the case of the carbon black dispersing agent. (composition of the magenta colored dispersing element) P-1 aqueous solution (having a solid ingredient of 20 %) 20 parts C. I. pigment red 122 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.) 24 parts glycerin 15 parts isopropyl alcohol 3 parts water 135 parts Magenta ink M2 for ink jet printing and having pigment contained therein is obtained by sufficiently dispersing the magenta colored dispersing element in water. The final product of ink has a solid ingredient of about 9.2 %. The present invention achieves distinct effect when applied to a recording head or a recording apparatus which has means for generating thermal energy such as electrothermal transducers or laser light, and which causes changes in ink by the thermal energy so as to discharge or eject ink. This is because such a system can achieve a high density and high resolution recording. A typical structure and operational principle thereof is disclosed in U.S. patent Nos. 4,723,129 and 4,740,796, and it is preferable to use this basic principle to implement such a system. Although this system can be applied either to on-demand type or continuous type ink jet recording systems, it is particularly suitable for the on-demand type apparatus. This is because the on-demand type apparatus has electrothermal transducers, each disposed on a sheet or liquid passage that retains liquid (ink), and operates as follows: first, one or more drive signals are applied to the electrothermal transducers to cause thermal energy corresponding to recording information; second, the thermal energy induces sudden temperature rise that exceeds the nucleate boiling so as to cause the film boiling on heating portions of the recording head; and third, bubbles are grown in the liquid (ink) corresponding to the drive signals. By using the growth and collapse of the bubbles, the ink is expelled from at least one of the ink ejection orifices of the head to form one or more ink drops. The drive signal in the form of a pulse is preferable because the growth and collapse of the bubbles can be achieved instantaneously and suitably by this form of drive signal. As a drive signal in the form of a pulse, those described in U.S. patent Nos. 4,463,359 and 4,345,262 are preferable. In addition, it is preferable that the rate of temperature rise of the heating portions described in U.S. patent No. 4,313,124 be adopted to achieve better recording. U.S. patent Nos. 4,558,333 and 4,459,600 disclose the following structure of a recording head, which is incorporated to the present invention: this structure includes heating portions disposed on bent portions in addition to a combination of the ejection orifices, liquid passages and the electrothermal transducers disclosed in the above patents. Moreover, the present invention can be applied to structures disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laying-open Nos. 123670/1984 and 138461/1984 in order to achieve similar effects. The former discloses a structure in which a slit common to all the electrothermal transducers is used as ejection orifices of the electrothermal transducers, and the latter discloses a structure in which openings for absorbing pressure waves caused by thermal energy are formed corresponding to the ejection orifices. Thus, irrespective of the type of the recording head, the present invention can achieve recording positively and effectively. The present invention can be also applied to a so-called full-line type recording head whose length equals the maximum length across a recording medium. Such a recording head may consists of a plurality of recording heads combined together, or one integrally arranged recording head. In addition, the present invention can be applied to various serial type recording heads: a recording head fixed to the main assembly of a recording apparatus; a conveniently replaceable chip type recording head which, when loaded on the main assembly of a recording apparatus, is electrically connected to the main assembly, and is supplied with ink therefrom; and a cartridge type recording head integrally including an ink reservoir. It is further preferable to add a recovery system, or a preliminary auxiliary system for a recording head as a constituent of the recording apparatus because they serve to make the effect of the present invention more reliable. As examples of the recovery system, are a capping means and a cleaning means for the recording head, and a pressure or suction means for the recording head. As examples of the preliminary auxiliary system, are a preliminary heating means utilizing electrothermal transducers or a combination of other heater elements and the electrothermal transducers, and a means for carrying out preliminary ejection of ink independently of the ejection for recording. These systems are effective for reliable recording. The number and type of recording heads to be mounted on a recording apparatus can be also changed. For example, only one recording head corresponding to a single color ink, or a plurality of recording heads corresponding to a plurality of inks different in color or concentration can be used. In other words, the present invention can be effectively applied to an apparatus having at least one of the monochromatic, multi-color and full-color modes. Here, the monochromatic mode performs recording by using only one major color such as black. The multi-color mode carries out recording by using different color inks, and the full-color mode performs recording by color mixing. Furthermore, although the above-described embodiments use liquid ink, inks that are liquid when the recording signal is applied can be used: for example, inks can be employed that solidify at a temperature lower than the room temperature and are softened or liquefied in the room temperature. This is because in the ink jet system, the ink is generally temperature adjusted in a range of 30°C - 70°C so that the viscosity of the ink is maintained at such a value that the ink can be ejected reliably. In addition, the present invention can be applied to such apparatus where the ink is liquefied just before the ejection by the thermal energy as follows so that the ink is expelled from the orifices in the liquid state, and then begins to solidify on hitting the recording medium, thereby preventing the ink evaporation: the ink is transformed from solid to liquid state by positively utilizing the thermal energy which would otherwise cause the temperature rise; or the ink, which is dry when left in air, is liquefied in response to the thermal energy of the recording signal. In such cases, the ink may be retained in recesses or through holes formed in a porous sheet as liquid or solid substances so that the ink faces the electrothermal transducers as described in Japanese Patent Application Laying-open Nos. 56847/1979 or 71260/1985. The present invention is most effective when it uses the film boiling phenomenon to expel the ink. Furthermore, the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention can be employed not only as an image output terminal of an information processing device such as a computer, but also as an output device of a copying machine including a reader, and as an output device of a facsimile apparatus having a transmission and receiving function. Fig. 15 is a block diagram showing general construction of an information processing apparatus having a function of wordprocessor, personal computer, facsimile machine, a copy machine and so forth, to which the printing apparatus according to the present invention is applied. In the figure, reference numeral 1801 denotes a control portion performing control of the overall apparatus, which includes CPU, such as microprocessor and so forth, and various I/O port, to perform control for outputting control signal or data signal and so forth to respective portions and inputting control signal or data signal from the respective portions. Reference numeral 1802 denotes a display portion having a display screen, on which various menu, document information and image or so forth read by an image reader 1807 are displayed. Reference numeral 1803 denotes a transparent pressure sensitive touch panel provided on the display portion 1802 for performing item entry or coordinate portion entry on the display portion 1802 by depressing the surface thereof by a finger or so forth. Reference numeral 1804 denotes a FM (frequency modulation) sound source portion which stores music information produced by a music editor and so forth in a memory portion 1810 or an external memory 1812 and performs FM modulation by reading out the stored music information from the memory portion or so forth. An electric signal from the FM sound source portion 1804 is transformed into an audible sound by a speaker portion 1805. A printer portion 1806 is employed as an output terminal of the wordprocessor, the personal computer, the facsimile machine, the copy machine and so forth, in which the printing apparatus according to the present invention is applied. Reference numeral 1807 denotes an image reader portion for optoelectrically read out an original data for inputting, which is located at the intermediate position in an original feeding path and performs reading out various original document, such as original document for facsimile machine or copy machine. Reference numeral 1808 denotes a facsimile (FAX) transmission and reception portion for transmitting original data read by the image reader portion or for receiving transmitted facsimile signal, which facsimile transmission and reception portion has an external interface function. Reference numeral 1809 denotes a telephone machine portion having a normal telephone function and various associated functions, such as a recording telephone and so forth. Reference numeral 1810 denotes a memory portion including a ROM storing a system program, a manager program, other application program and so forth, as well as character fonts, dictionary and so forth, a RAM for storing application program loaded from an external storage device 1812, document information, video information and so forth. Reference numeral 1811 denotes a keyboard portion inputting document information or various commands. Reference numeral 1812 denotes the external storage device employing a floppy disc or hard disc drive as storage medium. In the external storage device 1812, document information, music or speech information, application program of the user and so forth are stored. Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic external view of the information processing system shown in Fig. 15. In Fig. 16, reference numeral 1901 denotes a flat panel display utilizing a liquid crystal and so forth. On this display, the touch panel 1803 is overlaid so that coordinate position input or item designation input can be performed by depressing the surface of the touch panel 1803 by a finger or so forth. Reference numeral 1902 denotes a handset to be used when a function as the telephone machine of the apparatus is used. A keyboard is detachably connected to a main body of the apparatus through a cable and adapted to permit entry of various document information or various data input. On the other hand, on the keyboard 1903, various function keys and so forth are arranged. Reference numeral 1905 denotes an insertion mouth of the external storage device 1812 for accommodating a floppy disk inserted thereinto. Reference numeral 1906 denotes a paper stacking portion for stacking the original to be read by the image reader portion 1807. The original read by the image reader portion is discharged from the back portion of the apparatus. On the other hand, in facsimile reception, the received information is printed by the ink-jet printer 1907. It should be noted that while the display portion 1802 may be a CRT, it is desirable to employ a flat display panel, such as a liquid crystal display employing a ferrodielectric liquid crystal for capability of down-sizing and reduction of thickness as well as reduction of weight. When the information processing apparatus as set forth apparatus is operated as the personal computer or the wordprocessor, various information input through the keyboard portion 1811 is processed according to a predetermined program by the control portion 1801 and output as printed image by the printer portion 1806. When the information processing apparatus is operated as a receiver of the facsimile machine, facsimile information input from the FAX transmission and reception portion 1808 via a communication network is subject reception process according to the predetermined program and output as received image by the printer portion 1808. In addition, when the information processing apparatus is operated as a copy machine, the original is read by the image reader portion 1807 and the read original data is output to the printer portion as copy image via the control portion 1801. It should be noted that, when the information processing apparatus is used as the transmitter of the facsimile machine, the original data read by the image reader 1807 is processed for transmission according to the predetermined program by the control portion, and thereafter transmitted to the communication network via the FAX transmission and reception portion 1808. It should be noted that the information processing apparatus may be an integrated type incorporating the ink-jet printer within a main body as illustrated in Fig.17. In this case, portability can be further improved. In Fig. 17, the portions having the same function to Fig. 16 are shown with the corresponding reference numerals. As set forth above, a multi-function type information processing apparatus may obtain high quality printed image at high speed and low noise by employing the printing apparatus of the present invention. Therefore, the functions of the information processing apparatus can be further enhanced.

Claims: An ink-jet printing apparatus for printing on a print medium by discharging onto the print medium ink from an ink discharge portion (30C,30M,30Y,30K) and liquid that includes a substance rendering coloring material in said ink insoluble or coherent from a liquid discharge portion (31), comprising: an ink discharge data memory (101;102;103;104) for storing a predetermined number of items of ink discharge data with the items of data indicating whether or not ink is to be discharged from the ink discharge portion onto a recording pixel area of the print medium for each of a line of recording pixels extending across the print medium; a liquid discharge data former (113) for forming liquid discharge data using the ink discharge data stored in said discharge data memory such that the number of items of liquid discharge data for a line of recording pixels extending across the print medium is smaller than said predetermined number of items of ink discharge data stored in said discharge data memory; a liquid discharge buffer (114) for storing liquid discharge data formed by said liquid discharge data former (113); and a controller (116) for driving the ink discharge portion (30C,30M,30Y,30K) to discharge ink in accordance with the ink discharge data stored in said ink discharge data memory and for driving the liquid discharge portion (31) to discharge liquid according to the liquid discharge data stored in said liquid discharge buffer (114). An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid discharge data former (113) is arranged to form a number of items of liquid discharge data which is less than the predetermined number of items of the ink discharge data stored in the ink discharge data memory (101,102,103,104) and corresponds to the number of orifices of the liquid discharge portion (31) and the ink discharge portion (30C,30M,30Y,30K). An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said controller (116) comprises: an ink discharge buffer (105;106;107;108) for storing ink discharge data corresponding to a smaller number of items of ink discharge data than said predetermined number of items for the ink-discharge portion; and a data-transfer switch circuit (116,121,122,123,124) for switching transmission of the discharge data stored in said ink discharge data memory (101,102,103,104) between said liquid discharge data former (113) and said ink discharge buffer (105;106;107;108). An ink-jet printing apparatus for printing on a print medium by discharging onto the print medium ink from a plurality of color ink discharge portions (30C,30M,30Y,30K) and liquid having a substance which renders coloring material in the ink insoluble or coherent from at least one liquid discharge portion (31), comprising: a plurality of ink discharge data memory portions (101,102,103,104) each for storing a predetermined number of items of ink discharge data for a respective different one of the plurality of the color ink discharge portions with the items of data indicating whether or not ink is to be discharged from the corresponding ink discharge portion onto a recording pixel area of the print medium for each of a line of recording pixels extending across the print medium; a liquid discharge data former (113) for forming liquid discharge data for said liquid discharge portion (31) using the ink discharge data stored in said plurality of discharge data memory portions 101,102,103,104), such that the number of items of liquid discharge data for a line of recording pixels extending across the print medium is smaller than said predetermined number of items of ink discharge data; a liquid discharge buffer (114) for storing liquid discharge data formed by the liquid discharge data former (113); a plurality of color ink discharge buffers (105,106,107,108) each for storing discharge data for a respective different one of the plurality of color ink discharge portions such that the number of items of ink discharge data stored in a color ink discharge buffer (105,106,107,108) is less than said predetermined number of items of data for the corresponding ink discharge data memory portion; a data-transfer switch (116,121,122,123,124) for switching transmission of the ink discharge data stored in said plurality of ink discharge data memory portions (101,102,103,104) between said liquid discharge data former (113) and the color ink discharge buffers (105,106,107,108); and a controller (116) for driving said at least one liquid discharge portion (31) and said plurality of color ink discharge portions (30C,30M,30Y,30K) according to the discharge data stored in the corresponding one of said liquid discharge buffer (114) and color ink discharge buffers (105,106,107,108) respectively. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said data transfer switch (116,121,122,123,124) is arranged to switch said transmission for every discharge. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein said liquid discharge data former (113) is arranged to form the liquid discharge data by performing a logical OR of the ink discharge data stored in the plurality of ink discharge data memory portions. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein said controller further comprises: a resolution converting circuit (61) for converting the resolution of ink discharge data to be transmitted to said ink-discharge buffer (105;106;107;108). An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said resolution converting circuit (61) is arranged to increase the resolution of the ink discharge data. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, further comprising: a data-amplification circuit (81) for increasing the number of items of the liquid discharge data formed by said liquid discharge data former (113) and for transmitting the increased number of items of liquid discharge data to said liquid discharge buffer (114). An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a liquid discharge portion (31) having liquid comprising cationic substances of a low-molecular weight ingredient and a high-molecular weight ingredient and an ink discharge portion or portions (30C,30M,30Y,30K) having ink comprising an anionic dye stuff. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a liquid discharge portion (31) having liquid comprising cationic substances of a low-molecular weight ingredient and a high-molecular weight ingredient and an ink discharge portion or portions (30C,30M,30Y,30K) having ink comprising an anionic compound and a pigment. An ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising an ink discharge portion or portions and a liquid discharge portion each having a thermal energy generating element for discharging the ink or the liquid respectively by utilizing thermal energy. A computer terminal comprising an ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims. A copying machine comprising an ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12. A facsimile machine comprising an ink-jet printing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

Inventors: HYOTANI HIROYUKI, KASAMATSU TAKEHIKO, TAKAGI SHINJI, TANAKA HIDEKI, HYOTANI, HIROYUKI, KASAMATSU, TAKEHIKO, TAKAGI, SHINJI, TANAKA, HIDEKI
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1996
Main classification: B41J2
IPC codes: G06K15, B41J2, B41M5, B41J3