Pulley

Abstract: The invention relates to a pulley, in particular for a continuously variable transmission. The pulley is provided with at least two discs (30,34) on a pulley shaft (38) and/or a sleeve (39) of the pulley shaft (38). At least one disc (34) is axially displaceable by means of operating means (43-46). The pulley is of modular construction. In particular, the operating means (43-46) can comprise a piston/cylinder assembly (43,44;45,46) with a cylinder (43) individually fixed to the disc (34).

Description: The invention is related to a pulley of modular construction, in particular for a continuously variable transmission, provided with at least two discs on a pulley shaft and/or on a sleeve of the pulley shaft, at least one disc being axially displaceable by means of operating means comprising at least one piston and at least one cylinder, the cylinder being fixed to the displaceable disc and being provided with an axially extending cylinder part and a radially inwardly extending cylinder part, which abuts against a disc part of the adjustable disc and is connected thereto. Such a pulley is disclosed in DE-A-3638512 and is used in particular in continuously variable transmissions, especially for motor vehicles. In a continuously variable transmission two pulleys are always used with a drive belt between the discs of both pulleys. By relative displacement of the two discs of the pulley, for both pulleys simultaneously, the radial position of the drive belt between the pulleys and, thus, the transmission ratio can be adjusted. The cylinder is fixed to the disc of the pulley in that the radially inwardly extending part of said cylinder is conformed to and rests against a step on the disc surface. The connecting parts of the disc and the cylinder have to be mutually adapted in size, which means that different sized discs require similarly sized cylinders. Moreover, the connecting structure between disc and cylinder is subjected to outwardly directed forces during operation, due to the centrifugal force and the prevailing pressure inside the cylinder. This may cause leakage. From EP-A-462637 is known a pulley in which the pulley surfaces cooperating with a belt are formed by thin-walled bearing surfaces fixed to said pulleys by means of a suitable adhesive layer. The aim of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks. The pulley according to the invention is characterised by the features defined in claim 1. The pulley has the advantage that the adjustable disc and the cylinder may be manufactured as separate components each specifically adapted to its respective functions. Furthermore, the radially inwardly extending cylinder part provides a relatively large surface area for connecting the cylinder to the disc, thereby reducing the stresses in the connection between cylinder and disc during operation of the pulley. Also during operation, the hydraulic pressure exerted in the cylinder forces said radially inwardly cylinder part towards the adjustable disc, thereby strengthening the connection and effectively preventing leakage of hydraulic fluid from said cylinder. According to the invention the adjustable pulley disc may be provided with a step on its surface, preferably for interaction with an end surface of the radially extending cylinder part. The step is preferably provided such, that during manufacturing the adjustable disc and the cylinder may easily be aligned to one another. Preferably, the adhesive joint is both strong and elastic in order to be able to withstand deformation. In the context of the dimensional tolerances, the adhesive joint is preferably no thicker than at most 10 µm. In order, for example, to prevent ingress of oil, the adhesive layer can be sealed off from the environment, for example by means of a silicone seal. The invention will be explained with reference to a drawing. In the drawing: Fig. 1 shows, diagrammatically, a continuously variable transmission with pulleys according to the prior art; and Fig. 2 shows, diagrammatically, a modular pulley according to the invention. The continuously variable transmission 1 shown diagrammatically in Figure 1 is provided, inside the transmission housing 11, with two pulleys 3,7 according to the prior art. The pulleys 3 and 7 respectively each comprise two discs 4,5 and 8,9, respectively, which are mounted on a primary pulley shaft 2 and, respectively, secondary pulley shaft 6. The discs 5 and 8 are axially displaceable, as a result of which the radial position of the drive belt 10 between the pulleys 3 and 7 can be changed and the transmission ratio can be adjusted. The axially displaceable discs 5 and 8 are provided with operating means in the form of piston/cylinder assemblies. The piston/cylinder assembly for disc 8 is a single piston/cylinder assembly 26,27 and that for disc 5 is a double piston/cylinder assembly. The double piston/cylinder assembly comprises two cylinder chambers 13,14. Cylinder chamber 13 is enclused by the cylinder 19, the piston 18, the radial wall 24 and the shaft 2. Cylinder chamber 14 is enclosed by the cylinder 21, the piston 17, the disc 5 and the sleeve 20 of the pulley shaft 2, to which the disc 5 has been fixed. Fluid can be fed through the holes 15 and 16 to and from the cylinder chambers 13 and 14, respectively, in such a way that the disc 5, together with the sleeve 20, is moved over the pulley shaft 2. The pulleys 3 and 7 with the discs 4,5 and 8,9 respectively, the pulley shafts 2 and 6, respectively, and the sleeves 20 and 25, respectively, have to perform a large number of sub-functions, amongst which the following may be mentioned in particular: guiding the drive belt. the transfer of torque between the drive belt and the discs. the transfer of a contact pressure onto the drive belt guiding the displaceable discs. transfer of torque between the discs and the pulley shaft. coupling of the pulley shaft to the drive-line in the direction of an engine or in the direction of the wheels of the motor vehicle. feeding through fluid for the various hydraulic functions in the transmission. In the pulleys according to the prior art, the discs 4 and 9 form a whole with the pulley shaft 2 and 6, respectively, and the discs 5 and 8 form a whole with the sleeve 20 and 25, respectively. This has the disadvantage that the various sub-functions have to be performed within one component, namely the shaft/disc or the sleeve/disc component. Within this framework, the design, the material, the heat treatment and the nature of the surface can never be optimum for all sub-functions. Frequently the shaft/disc and the shaft/sleeve components are forged. From the forging standpoint, this is fairly complex and expensive because of the flat disc with the thin, long shaft. Moreover, completely new forged components have to be produced every time when producing different embodiments, for example in respect of the thickness and outside diameter of the disc. Furthermore, in the event of damage to the disc or the shaft, the complete component has to be replaced. According to the prior art, the cylinders 21 and 27 are, respectively, fixed by a riveted joint to the displaceable disc 5 and by a screwed joint to the displaceable disc 8. The position of the riveted joint 28 and the screwed joint 29 can be changed only by changing the pulley shaft/disc or the sleeve/disc component. This is fairly complex and expensive and, therefore, changes in construction which in themselves are desirable are expensive or avoided. The pulley according to the invention shown in Figure 2 is of completely modular construction. The disc 30 is fixed as a separate component to the pulley shaft 38 by both a non-positive and a positive connection. The non-positive connection is an adhesive joint and the positive connection is formed by the raised edge 33 between the sides 31 and 32 of the pulley shaft 38. The disc 34 is also fixed as a separate component to the sleeve 39 by both a non-positive and a positive connection. The non-positive connection is once again an adhesive joint and the positive connection is formed by the raised edge 37 between the sides 35 and 36 of the sleeve 39. The two discs 30,34 are provided with contact surfaces 40 for contact with a drive belt to be accommodated in the pulley, which contact surfaces are individually fixed to the discs and in this case are glued to said discs. Two individually fixed contact rings 41 and 42 are fixed on the pulley shaft 38, in this case by a press-fit joint, so that, on displacement, the axially displaceable disc 34 slides over the contact surfaces 41 and 42 and not over the shaft 38. The pulley is provided with a double piston/cylinder assembly 43,44,45,46. The cylinder 43 is individually connected to the disc 34 by means of an adhesive joint. The cylinder 45 is individually fixed by means of an adhesive joint 48 on the pulley shaft 38 and is partially surrounded by the bearing 49. The disc 34 and the pulley shaft 38 are secured against mutual twisting by means of a keyed or toothed joint 50 between the cylinders 43 and 45. The adhesive joints are preferably strong and elastic so as to be able to absorb both the forces/torque and the deformation. In a number of locations, in particular where the dimensional accuracy has to be high, it is desirable to keep the adhesive joint as thin as possible, preferably no thicker than 10 µm. To preclude environmental effects on the adhesive joint, the adhesive joint can be sealed off, preferably by means of a silicone seal. In addition to the joints described here, yet further joints are conceivable, in the various locations. As a result of this modular construction, the various parts can be designed in an optimum manner and the most suitable materials, heat treatments or surface treatments can also be employed. The pulley and the production thereof are thus less complex and less expensive. The pulley shaft 38 can be optimised for transmitting torque and for transmitting fluid, for example through the holes 51,52 and 53. The surface of the pulley shaft 38 no longer has to be prepared for guiding the axially displaceable disc 34, because this is effected by the contact rings 41 and 42. Because the discs 30 and 34 no longer form a whole with the pulley shaft 38 and, respectively, the sleeve 39, the discs can be optimised for transmitting torque and providing the contact force on the drive belt. This is, moreover, further intensified by the use of the contact surfaces 40, which optimise the contact, and in particular the frictional contact, with the belt as a result of a suitable choice of material and nature of the surface for said contact surfaces. The same also applies with respect to the sleeve 39 which forms the other side of the contact. The pulley can, moreover, be designed and produced more simply because the cylinder is simply glued to one side face of the pulley, for which purpose a face 47, optionally with a step 54, is already adequate. Riveted seams or drilled holes are superfluous. Moreover, the disc can then be used for several embodiments without this necessitating changes to the construction. The discs 30,34 and the pulley shaft 33 can also be replaced individually in the event of damage to one of the two. This additionally provides the possibility of using the pulley shafts and discs in various combinations, for example the same pulley shaft for discs of different thickness or outside diameters. It will be clear that the individual production of the pulley shafts and discs is less complicated and therefore less expensive. Torque transfer from the disc 34 to the pulley shaft is effected via the toothed joint 50 between the cylinders 43 and 45. Because the cylinder 45 is glued to the pulley shaft 38, there is a greater freedom in design and positioning the bearing 49 partially around the cylinder 45 not only strengthens the joint between the cylinder 45 and the pulley shaft 38 but also produces a more compact design.

Claims: Pulley of modular construction, in particular for a continuously variable transmission, provided with at least two discs (30, 34) on a pulley shaft (38) and/or on a sleeve (39) of the pulley shaft (38), at least one disc being axially displaceable by means of operating means (43-46) comprising at least one piston (44) and at least one cylinder (43), the cylinder (43) being fixed to the displaceable disc (34) and being provided with an axially extending cylinder part and a radially inwardly extending cylinder part, which abuts against a disc part (47) of the adjustable disc (34) and is connected thereto, characterised in that such connection is an adhesive joint. Pulley according to claim 1, characterised in that the adhesive joint is sealed off from the environment by means of a seal. Pulley according to claim 2, characterised in that the seal is a silicone seal.

Inventors: BONGERS SEBASTIAAN PIETER HENR, SCHUTZ MARTIJN ARNOUD, BONGERS, SEBASTIAAN PIETER HENRICUS JOZEF, SCHUTZ, MARTIJN ARNOUD
Applicants: DOORNES TRANSMISSIE BV, VAN DOORNE'S TRANSMISSIE B.V.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: F16H55
IPC codes: F16H55