Connector device having spring mechanism

Abstract: The connector is structured such that a spring piece member 30 supported by a male side connector housing 10 can be compressed in the two directions of the sliding motion of the connector when the connector is mounted and removed, a seesaw type lever piece member 40 disposed so as to be seesawable in the sliding direction of a female connector housing 20 can be inclined forwardly and backwardly into engagement with the two end portions of the spring piece member 30, and the seesaw type lever piece member 40 can be inclined according to the fitted state of the connector by a waiting side guide projection piece 17 and a movable side guide 45 respectively provided in the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20. Thanks to this structure, resilient forces respectively to pull back and push out the two connector housings in a half fitted state can be obtained from the same elastic member, that is, the spring piece member 30, and engagement and disengagement between the seesaw type lever piece member 40 and the spring piece member 30 can be achieved within a small operation range, which makes it possible to realize a compact and half fitted connector.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a connector for use in a wire harness for a vehicle according to claim 1. Conventionally, as a connector of this type, there is known a connector which is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication 64-51276 and is shown in Figs. 1 to 3. In Figs. 1 to 3, a connector 1 comprises a connector housing 2, which includes a hood portion 2a in the front portion thereof and is capable of holding within the hood portion 2a a male terminal metal member 4a in an erect manner, and a connector housing 3 which is formed so as to be insertable into the hood portion 2a and is also capable of holding a female terminal metal member 4b connectable with the male terminal metal member 4a, while there is provided between the two connector housings 2 and 3 a spring mechanism 5 which can generate such a force as causes the two connector housings 2 and 3 to push out them from each other or pull back them toward each other according to their mutual insertion positions. The spring mechanism 5 includes two conical slopes 6a and 3a which are formed so as to face each other in the insertion surfaces of the connector housings 2 and 3. In particular, one conical slope 3a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connector housing 3, while the other conical slope 6a is provided in a drive piece member 6 which is supported in such a manner that it can be rotated with respect to the connector housing 2 and also which is energized toward the connector housing 3. In connecting the connector housings 2 and 3 with each other or disconnecting them from each other, when the terminal metal members 4a and 4b are in half engagement with each other, the slanting surfaces of the conical slopes 6a and 3a are engaged with each other due to the resilient force of the coil spring 7, which applies such a force to the connector housings 2 and 3 that moves them in the inserting or removing direction of the connector 1. That is, when the mutually facing slanting surfaces of the conical slopes 6a and 3a are in mutual contact with each other, the two connector housings 2 and 3 are respectively given a force which pushes out them from each other in the removing or separating direction. On the other hand, when the oppositely disposed slanting surfaces thereof are in mutual contact with each other, the connector housings 2 and 3 are respectively given a force which pulls back them toward each other in the fitting or engaging direction. However, in the above-mentioned conventional connector, there are left the following problems to be solved. That is, at a position where the push-out and pull-back states are switched over to each other, there exists the above-mentioned force no longer in the inserting or removing direction, which raises a possibility that the connector can be engaged in a half fitted state. Also, in the neighborhood of the above-mentioned state switch-over position, the force in the inserting or removing direction is reduced in magnitude and, in order to make up for the reduced force, if there is employed a spring having a greater force, then a greater inserting or removing force is required of an operator, which results in the lowered operationability of the connector. Further, due to the fact that the direction of the resilient force of the coil spring is switched over by means of the engagement between the slanting surfaces of the conical slopes, there can be obtained only a poor efficiency and, therefore, the size of the connector must be large in order to obtain a desired inserting or removing force. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims at eliminating the drawbacks found in the above-mentioned connector. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a connector which not only can surely avoid a half fitted state but also can be made compact and simply in structure. To attain the above object, there is provided a connector having the features of claim 1. It comprises a pair of connector housings respectively holding a pair of mutually fittable and connectable terminal metal members and slidable between a locked state and a separated state, and a pull-back mechanism mounted between the pair of connector housings for acting on the connector housings to pull back them toward each other in the sliding motion from the locked position to the separated position and, when the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, for releasing the pull-back action. Also, according to the invention, the pull-back mechanism includes an elastic member provided in one of the pair of connector housings so as to extend in the sliding direction thereof, and a contact mechanism which is supported in the other connector housing and also which is engageable with the elastic member in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the locked state to the separated state and, when the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, released the engagement thereof with elastic member. Further, according to the invention, the contact mechanism includes a lever piece member supported in an inclinable manner and engageable with or disengageable from the elastic member according to the inclined states thereof, and an inclining guide which, during the sliding motion of the connector housings, inclines the lever piece member into a given inclined state to bring it engagement with the elastic member in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the locked state to the separated state and, when the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, releases such engagement between the lever piece member and the elastic member. In the invention as structured in the above-mentioned manner, if the pair of connector housings are slided by an operator in such a manner that they are switched from the locked state over to the separated state, then the pull-back mechanism continues to pull back the two connector housings toward each other against the sliding force of the connector just before they are completely switched over to the separated state. For this reason, if the operator takes off his or her hands from the two connector housings during the connector sliding motion, then the two connector housings are pulled back toward each other to thereby return back to the locked state, so that the terminal metal members respectively stored in the connector housings are also fitted and connected with each other. However, if the two connector housings are slided on and are completely turned into the separated state by the operator, then the pull-back mechanism removes its pull-back operation at the completely switched time, so that the two connector housings are both free from the pull-back operation of the pull-back mechanism and thus the terminal metal members are also completely removed from their fitted connection. Also, in the invention as structured in the above-mentioned manner, when the two connector housings are slided from the locked state to the separated state, the contact mechanism provided in the other connector housing is engaged with the elastic member while the two connector housings are being switched from the locked state over to the separated state. Due to the fact that, in a process in which the connector housings are pulled out, the contact mechanism is engaged with the elastic member disposed in such pull-out direction, the elastic member is compressed or extended to generate a resilient force which acts on the two connector housings in such a manner that the two connector housings are caused to pull back toward each other. On the other hand, if the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, then the contact mechanism is removed from its engagement with the elastic member, so that the elastic member returns back to its original state due to its own elasticity and the two connector housings are also set free from the force causing them to pull back toward each other. Further, in the invention as structured in the above-mentioned manner, when the two connector housings are slided from the locked state to the separated state, the inclining guide inclines the lever piece member into a given angle, so that the lever piece member is engaged with the elastic member. Therefore, during the sliding motion of the two connector housings, the elastic member is flexed to thereby exert a pull-back force on the two connector housings. However, when the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, then the inclining guide changes the inclined state of the lever piece member to thereby remove the engagement of the lever piece member with the elastic member, so that the elastic member is allowed to return back to its original state. Still further, according to the invention, there is provided a connector which comprises: a pair of connector housings holding a pair of mutually fittable terminal metal members and slidable with respect to each other between a locked state and a separated state; an elastic member supported in such a manner that it can exert its resilient force to one of the pair of connector housings in both directions along the sliding direction thereof; a lever piece member supported so as to be inclinable with respect to the other of the pair of connector housings, and, according to the inclined states thereof, engageable with the elastic member to thereby allow the elastic member to exert its resilient force in a given direction or disengageable from the resilient member; and, an inclining guide, during the sliding motion of the pair of connector housings, for inclining the lever piece member such that, in the separating operation, the lever piece member is engaged with the elastic member to exert its pull-back resilient force in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the locked state and the separated state and is disengaged from the elastic member when the connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, and also such that, in the fitting operation, the lever piece member is engaged with the elastic member to exert its push-out resilient force in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the separated state to the locked state and is disengaged from the elastic member when the pair of connector housings are completely switched over to the locked state. Moreover, according to the invention, the elastic member is supported in such a manner that it can be compressed from both directions; the lever piece member is supported in a seesaw manner that it extends in parallel to the sliding direction of said connector housings and faces said elastic member, and the lever piece member includes in the two end portions thereof two contact pieces which are respectively projected out toward the elastic member; and, the inclining guide, in the fitting operation, inclines the seesaw type lever piece member forwardly in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the separated state to the locked state to push out one of the contact pieces disposed in the rear end portion thereof to thereby bring it into engagement with the front end side of the elastic member, and, in the separating operation, inclines the seesaw type lever piece member backwardly in the sliding motion of the connector housings from the locked state to the separated state to push out the other contact piece in the front end portion thereof to thereby bring it into engagement with the rear end side of the elastic member. In the invention as structure in the above-mentioned manner, if the two connector housings are moved or slided so that they can be fitted with each other, then the inclining guide inclines the lever piece member to thereby bring the lever piece member into engagement with the elastic member. For this reason, during the sliding motion of the two connector housings, the elastic member is flexed to thereby exert a repelling or resilient force on the two connector housings, that is, the elastic member exerts such a force as causes the two connector housings to push out them from each other. Therefore, if the operator takes off his or her hands from the two connector housings during the connector sliding motion, then the two connector housings are returned back to the separated state which is the state thereof before they are operated or slided by the operator, and thus the terminal metal members, which have started to be fitted and connected with each other halfway, are also pulled apart from each other. However, if the two connector housings are completely switched over to the locked state, then the inclining guide changes the inclined state of the lever piece member to thereby remove the engagement of the lever piece member with the elastic member, with the result that the two connector housings are set free from the mutually pushing-out force and the elastic member is also allowed to return back to its original state. On the other hand, if the two connector housings held in the locked state are slided in such a manner that they can be separated from each other, then the inclining guide inclines the lever piece member to thereby bring it into engagement with the elastic member. Due to this, during the sliding motion of the two connector housings, the elastic member is flexed to thereby exert a repelling or resilient force against the sliding motion of the two connector housings, so that the two connector housings are caused to pull back toward each other. Therefore, if the operator takes off his or her hands from the two connector housings, then the two connector housings are returned back to the locked state which is the state thereof before they are operated or slided by the operator, and thus the terminal metal members, which have been halfway removed from the mutually fitted and connected state, are pulled back again to the fitted and connected state. However, if the two connector housings are completely switched over to the separated state, then the inclining guide changes the inclined state of the lever piece member to thereby remove the engagement of the lever piece member with the elastic member, with the result that the two connector housings are now free from the their mutually pulling-back force caused by the elastic member and the elastic member is also allowed to return back to its original state. Moreover, in the invention as set forth in Claim 4 structured in the above-mentioned manner, the seesaw type lever piece member and the elastic member are basically disposed in parallel to each other so that they are prevented from being engaged with each other. However, when the two connector housings are operated so that they can be separated from each other, the inclining guide inclines the lever piece member backwardly to thereby move upward the contact piece in the front end thereof into engagement with the elastic member. Due to this, during the sliding operation of the two connector housings, the front end side of the elastic member is pulled backwardly to thereby generate a resilient or repelling force against the sliding motion of the two connector housings and, if the two connector housings are perfectly switched over to the separated state, then the lever piece member is returned back to its horizontal state to thereby move down the front end thereof, which removes the engagement of the lever piece member with the elastic member. On the other hand, when the two connector housings are operated so that they can be fitted with each other, the lever piece member is inclined forwardly to thereby move upward the contact piece in the rear end portion thereof into engagement with the elastic member. Therefore, during the sliding operation of the connector housings, the rear end side of the elastic member is pulled forwardly to thereby generate a repelling force against the sliding motion of the two connector housings and, if the two connector housings are switched over to the locked state perfectly, then the lever piece member is returned back to its horizontal state to thereby move down the rear end thereof, so that the engagement of the lever piece member with the elastic member can be removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional connector; Fig. 2 is a section view of the conventional connector when it is in a halfway fitted state; Fig. 3 is a section view of the conventional connector when it is in a halfway fitted state; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a connector with a cantilever type lever piece member according to the invention; Fig. 5 is a section view of a connector with a seesaw type lever piece member, when it is in a separated state; Fig. 6 is a section view of the connector when it is in an unlocked state; Fig. 7 is a section view of the connector when it is in the locked state; Fig. 8 is a section view of the connector when it is in a separation starting state; Fig. 9 is a section view of the connector when it is in a separating process; Fig. 10 is a plan view of an embodiment of a spring piece member employed in the invention; Fig. 11 is a plan view of a modification of a spring piece member employed in the invention; Fig. 12 is a plan view of a further modification of a spring piece member employed in the invention; and Fig. 13 is a plan view of a still further modification of a spring piece member employed in the invention. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Now, description will be given below of embodiments of a connector according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a connector according to the invention. In Fig. 4, a male side connector housing 10 for holding a male side terminal metal member (not shown) and a female side connector housing 20 for holding a female side terminal metal member fittable and connectable with the male side terminal metal member are fitted with and locked to each other to thereby form a connector, while the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 can be slided with respect to each other between a locked state and a separated state. Here, in the two connector housings 10 and 20, the mutually fitting surfaces sides thereof are respectively referred to as the front sides thereof. The male side connector housing 10 includes an external shape which is formed as a wide rectangular parallelepiped, and also includes a front portion which is formed as a hood portion 11 having a space therein. Also, in the hood portion 11 of the male side connector housing 10, substantially the left half section thereof when the housing 10 is viewed from the front side thereof is formed as a terminal storage portion 12 for storing the female side terminal metal member, while the right half section thereof is formed as a mechanism portion 13 which, when the two connecting housings 10 and 20 are half fitted with each other, is arranged so as to exert a pull-back force or a push-out force. On the other hand, the female side connector housing 20 is also formed in a wide rectangular parallelepiped as a whole and the front portion of the housing 20 is formed as an insertion portion 21 which can be inserted into the hood portion 11 of the male side connector housing 10. Also, the portion of the connector housing 20 that faces the terminal storage portion 12, in correspondence to the male side connector housing 10, is formed as a cylindrical terminal storage portion 22 for holding a female side terminal metal member (not shown) and, at the same time, the portion of the connector housing 20 facing the mechanism portion 13 is formed as a mechanism portion 23. In the present embodiment, the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 are structured such that the areas thereof are respectively divided in the width direction thereof. However, the dividing direction and the dividing shape thereof can be changed properly according to cases. Also, it is not always necessary to divide them into two divisional sections but, for example, a single mechanism portion 13, 23 may be formed between the two terminal storage portions 12 and 22. Further, it is not always necessary to arrange the two connector housings 10 and 20 in the form of a wide rectangular parallelepipe but, for example, they may be arranged such that they have a square section or a polygonal section. The mechanism portion 13 of the male side connector housing 10 stores therein a spring piece member 30 serving as an elastic member, whereas the mechanism portion 23 of the female side connector housing 20 includes a seesaw type lever piece member 40 serving as a lever piece member. Also, the two mechanism portions 13 and 23 cooperate with each other in forming a contact mechanism which is able to incline the seesaw type lever piece member 40. The spring piece member 30 is formed of a long, narrow, and thin spring steel which is bent in a bellows manner, and the spring piece member 30 is stored within the mechanism portion 13 of the male side connector housing 10 and, in particular, in a hold mechanism 18 formed in the portion of the mechanism portion 13 that is situated on the upper surface side of the hood portion 11. The spring piece member 30 is structured such that, as shown in Fig. 10, it can be flexed in directions to compress or extend the bellows to thereby exert a resilient force, and also the two end portions 31 and 32 of the spring piece member 30 are bent at right angles with respect to the flexing direction of the spring piece member 30 so that, when the spring piece member 30 is compressed, it is easy to receive the compression force in the flexing direction thereof. Due to the fact that the elastic member of the spring piece member 30 is structured such that it can be compressed from the two directions, a supporting space for supporting the elastic member can be made equal to or less than the natural length of the elastic member. Also, the lever piece member is disposed in the same direction as the elastic member and is engageable with the two end portions of the elastic member within a small inclining operation range. Thanks to this structure, a mechanism capable of exerting a pull-back resilient force and a push-out resilient force can be formed in a small space. In the present embodiment, the spring piece member 30 is formed of a steel spring having a bellows-like shape but this is not limitative. For the spring piece member, there are available any other shapes, provided that they can provide a resilient force. For example, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, the spring piece member may be formed in a ring shape or in a coil shape. Also, for the material of the spring piece member, there can be employed any other materials than metal such as spring steel, provided they have a resilient force. For example, rubber or urethane can also be used. The hold mechanism 18 for storing the spring piece member 30 therein includes a thin box-shaped spring storage chamber 14 formed so as to be opened backwardly on the upper surface of the mechanism portion 13 and capable of storing the spring piece member 30 therein, a communication window 15 formed about halfway in the width direction of the spring storage chamber 14 so as to extend from the front surface of the spring storage chamber 14 in such a manner that it is in communication with the mechanism portion 13 side, and a securing arm piece member 16 including an upper surface wall surface cut out into a U-shape so as to be superimposable on the rear end portion of the communication window 15 formed in the spring storage chamber 14, and also including in the leading end of the inside arm piece thereof a wedge-shaped projection 16a which projects out into the spring storage chamber 14, so that, when the spring piece member 30 is stored, the securing arm piece member 16 can be secured to the rear end of the spring piece member 30. Therefore, when the spring piece member 30 is inserted into the spring storage chamber 14 from the rear side opening thereof, then the spring piece member 30 advances while pushing up the projection 16a of the securing arm piece member 16 and, when the rear end of the spring piece member 30 moves beyond the projection 16a, the securing arm piece member 16 is returned back to its original position so that the spring piece member 30 can be secured by the securing arm piece member 16. Here, not only because the spring piece member 30 is held in such a manner that it is held in a slightly compressed condition in this state, but also because the securing arm piece member 16 is in such a positional relationship that it is superimposed on the rear end of the communication window 15, the spring piece member 30 is exposed wholly, that is, from the front end thereof to the rear end thereof through the communication window 15 so that it can be compressed through the communication window 15 from the two sides of the sliding direction of the two connector housings. The spring storage chamber 14 includes on the lower surface thereof a pair of wall elements which are respectively formed so as to hang down from the lower surface of the spring storage chamber 14 and are opposed to each other with the communication window 15 in between and, on the respective inner surfaces of the two wall elements, there are provided waiting side guide projection pieces 17 and 17 which are respectively composed of a projecting strip disposed in the sliding direction of the connector housings. And, each of the receiving side guide projection pieces 17 includes upper and lower surfaces which are respectively formed as upper and lower flat surfaces 17a and 17b. Also, the front surface of the guide projection piece 17 is formed as a forwardly inclined surface 17c which descends gently from the front end of the upper flat surface 17a and is connected with the lower flat surface 17b, while the rear surface of the guide projection piece 17 is composed of a contact surface 17e hanging down perpendicularly from the rear end of the upper flat surface 17a as well as a downwardly inclined surface 17d descending gently from the lower end of the contact surface 17e while it is inclined slightly in the forward direction. While being held by and between the two waiting side guide projection pieces 17 and 17, the seesaw type lever piece member 40 arranged in parallel to the connector housing sliding direction is projected into the mechanism portion 23 from the bottom surface inner wall thereof and, on the two side surfaces of the seesaw type lever piece member 40, there are provided a pair of movable side guides 45 and 45 which are respectively formed in a wedge-formed projection shape and also which are engageable with the waiting side guide projection pieces 17 and 17 to thereby provide an inclining guide mechanism. The seesaw type lever piece member 40 includes a flexible support portion 41 formed so as to stand erect from the bottom surface inner wall thereof, and free end portions V and 42b respectively extended horizontally in the forward and backward directions from the upper end of the support portion 41. And, the movable side guides 45 and 45 are respectively formed at such height positions where they can face the receiving side guide projection pieces 17 and 17 on the two side surfaces of the free end portion 42b situated slightly in the rear of the support portion 41 of the seesaw type lever piece member 40. Also, the upper surface of each of the movable side guides 45 and 45 is formed as a flat surface, while the rear surface thereof provides a contact surface 45b which extends substantially in the vertical direction. Further, the movable side guides 45 respectively include gently inclined surfaces 45a and 45a which respectively extend from the front ends of the movable side guides 45 to the lower rear ends thereof. In this structure, during the sliding motion of the two connector housings, if the movable side guides 45 and 45 are moved in the vertical direction along the peripheral surfaces of the receiving side guide projection pieces 17 and 17, then the seesaw type lever piece member 40 with the present movable side guides 45 and 45 can be inclined in the forward or backward direction. Here, the rear end side portion of the rear free end portion 42b that is situated backwardly of a contact piece 44 is formed as an operation portion 46. That is, by actuating this operation portion 46, the seesaw type lever piece member 40 can be pressed down from the back surface of the female side connector housing 20. The seesaw type lever piece member 40 is structured such that it is substantially parallel to the spring piece member 30 when it is held in the horizontal state and, on the upper surfaces of the free end portions 42a and 42b thereof, there are provided contact pieces 43 and 44 which respectively project upwardly. The two contact pieces 43 and 44 are respectively arranged at such a height position that, when the free end portions 42a and 42b are held in the horizontal state, the contact pieces 43 and 44 are able to advance into the communication window 15 but cannot be engaged with the spring piece member 30. However, when the seesaw type lever piece member 40 is inclined in the forward or backward direction, one of the two contact pieces 43 and 44 respectively situated forwardly and backwardly of the support portion 41 is gradually raised up so that it can pass through the communication window 15 and finally arrive at a position where it can be superimposed on top of the spring piece member 30. As a result, the present contact piece can be contacted with the spring piece member 30 during the sliding motion of the connector housings. By the way, the front contact piece 43 is arranged such that, when the male side connector housing 10 and female side connector housing 20 are in the mutually locked state, it is positioned so as to face the rear side end portion 32 situated in the rear end portion of the spring piece member 30, while the rear contact piece 44 is arranged such that, when the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 start to be fitted with each other, it is positioned so as to face the front side end portion 31 situated in the front end portion of the spring piece member 30. That is, when the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 are made to face each other and are slided in order to switch them from the separated state over to the locked state, the front inclined surface 45a of the movable side guide 45 is contacted with the front inclined surface 17c of the receiving side guide projection piece 17, so that the movable side guide 45 is pushed up and guided to the upper flat surface 17a. As a result of this, the seesaw type lever piece member 40 is inclined in the forward direction and the rear contact piece 44 is thereby raised up and is brought into contact with the front side end portion 31 of the spring piece member 30. While keeping this state, if the two connector housings are slided on, then the spring piece member 30 is compressed in the backward direction and, as a reaction to this backward compression of the spring piece member 30, the female side connector housing 20 receives a force which is going to push it out from the male side connector housing 10. However, when the female side connector housing 20 is inserted deep into the male side connector housing 10, then the movable side guide 45 passes through the upper flat surface 17a and thus the seesaw type lever piece member 40 is returned back to its original horizontal state due to the flexible property of the support portion 41, so that the contact surface 45b of the movable side guide 45 and the contact surface 17e of the receiving side guide projection piece 17 can be opposed to and fitted with each other. Also, since the contact piece 44 of the lever piece member 40 is moved downward when the lever piece member 40 is returned back to the horizontal state, the contact of the contact piece 44 with the spring piece member 30 is removed so that the flexed state of the spring piece member 30 is also released. On the other hand, when the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 are to be switched from the locked state over to the separated state, by pressing down the operation portion 46 of the seesaw type lever piece member 40 until the contact piece 43 on the free end portion 42a is engaged with the rear side end portion 32 of the spring piece member 30, the locked state of the connector housings can be removed. If the locked state of the connector housings is removed and they are slided in the separating direction, then the spring piece member 30 is compressed in the forward direction and, as a reaction to this forward compression of the member 30, the female side connector housing 20 receives a force to pull it back to the male side connector housing 10. During this operation, the movable side guide 45 is slided into contact with the lower flat surface 17b of the receiving side guide projection piece 17 and, when the male side and female side connector housings 10 and 20 are completely switched over to the separated state, the movable side guide 45 also passes through the lower flat surface 17b, with the result that the seesaw type lever piece member 40 is allowed to return back to its horizontal state due to the flexing property of the support portion 41. Also, because the contact piece 43 is moved downward when the seesaw type lever piece member 40 returns back to its horizontal state, the contact of the contact piece 43 with the spring piece member 30 is removed to thereby release the flexed state of the spring piece member 30 as well. In the present embodiment, in the sliding movements of the male and female connector housings which are respectively carried out in the fitting and locking operation and in the separating operation, the elastic member or the spring piece member 30 acts on the connector housings in such a manner that it pushes them out from each other as well as it pulls them back toward each other. As shown in Fig. 13, if the elastic member or the spring piece member 30 is structured such that the direction of the resilient force thereof can be changed by combining a triangular contact member 33 with the forked spring arms of the spring piece member 30, then it is true that the spring piece member 30 applies a push-out force up to a certain stage, but, at a time when the force exceeds a given critical point, the force is removed suddenly. In the present embodiment, the spring piece member 30 is structured such that it can exert two kinds of forces which are respectively produced as reactions against the operation forces respectively to be applied to the connector housings in the two directions, and thus it is possible to prevent the connector housings from being half fitted with each other, so that the operationability of the connector can be improved further. Also, as a mechanism for exerting a pull-back force and a push-out force in this manner, there are available various kinds of mechanisms, provided that they can act in the above-mentioned manner. That is, it is not always necessary to employ such a structure as in the present embodiment in which the spring piece member 30 is supported at an upper position, the forwardly and backwardly inclinable seesaw type lever piece member 40 is disposed below the spring piece member 30, and the lever piece member 40 can be inclined by the inclining guide according to the sliding motion of the connector. However, if there is employed the above-illustrated structure in which, basically, while the contact pieces 43 and 44 are in contact with the resilient member such as the spring piece member 30, the elastic member is flexed; and, at the same time when the fitting operation or separating operation is completed, the contact between the contact pieces and elastic member is removed, then the structure of the connector can be truly simplified. In the present embodiment, the spring piece member 30 is stored in the spring storage chamber 14 formed in the upper surface of the mechanism portion 13, whereby the spring piece member 30 is stored in such a manner that the flexing direction of the elastic member or spring piece member 30 is coincident with the sliding direction of the connector. The spring piece member 30 storing position may not be adjacent to the mechanism portion 13. The spring piece member 30 is disposed such that the flexing direction hereof is coincident with the sliding direction of the connector, and the spring piece member 30 can be flexed according to the sliding motion of the connector only by providing a simple mechanism which allows the contact pieces 43 and 44 to be moved and engaged with the spring piece member 30. Of course, when a torsion spring is used in place of the spring piece member 30, the torsion spring may be disposed in such a manner that the contact pieces 43 and 44 can be engaged with the end portions of the torsion spring. However, as in the present embodiment, when the spring piece member 30 is structured so as to be able to exert its force in the two directions, then not only both of the pull-back and push-out forces for the mechanism portion 13 can be exerted by the same or single spring piece member 30, but also the spring piece member 30 can be compressed from both directions, so that the elastic member or the spring piece member 30 can be stored in a small space. Also, in the present embodiment, although there is used a lever piece member structured in a seesaw type such as the seesaw type lever piece member 40, according to the invention, it is also possible to use a cantilever type lever piece member, or another movable piece may be prepared and, at a given time, the movable piece may be mounted on the spring piece member 30. However, in fact, if the lever piece member is structured in a seesaw type, then the seesaw type lever piece member can be easily engaged with the spring piece member 30 from both front and behind simply by changing the inclining direction of the seesaw type lever piece member, so that the connector can made compact. Further, in the present embodiment, the inclining mechanism to incline the seesaw type lever piece member 40 supporting the contact pieces 43 and 44 in the above-mentioned manner is composed of the movable side guide 45 provided on the side surface of the seesaw type lever piece 40, and the waiting side guide projection piece 17 provided on the side surface of the mechanism portion 13 of the male side connector housing 10 into which the seesaw type lever piece member 40 can be inserted. However, this is not limitative but the inclining mechanism can be freely changed to any other type of mechanism such as a cam mechanism, an uneven or undulated mechanism, or the like, provided that it is able to incline the lever piece member into a given inclined state.

Claims: A connector comprising: a pair of connector housings (10, 20) holding a pair of mutually fittable terminal metal members and slideably engageable with respect to each other between a locked state and a separated state; and a mechanism mounted on one of said pair of connector housings (10, 20) that applies a pull-back force opposing separation when said connector housings (10, 20) are initially pulled apart from said locked state to said separated state, wherein, when said connector housings (10, 20) reach said separated state, said pull-back mechanism releases said pull-back force, and said mechanism applies a push-out force when the housings (10, 20) are fitted together characterized in that said mechanism includes: an elastic compressible member (30) disposed in one of said pair of connector housings (10, 20) so as to extend in a sliding direction of said connector housings and being compressible in this sliding direction, and a directly engaging mechanism supported in the other of said pair of connector housings (10, 20) to be directly engageable with said elastic member (30) in said sliding motion of said connector housings (10, 20) from said locked state to said separated state, and, when said pair of connector housings (10, 20) are completely switched over to said separated state, to be released from said engagement with said elastic compressible member (30). The connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said directly engaging mechanism includes: a lever piece member (40) supported inclinably and engageable with or disengageable from said elastic member (30) according to the inclined states thereof, and an inclining guide (17), during said sliding motion of said connector housings (10, 20), for inclining said lever piece member (40) into a predetermined inclined state to thereby bring said lever piece member (40) into engagement with said elastic compressible member (30) in said sliding motion of said connector housings (10, 20) from said locked state to said separated state and, when said pair of connector housings (10, 20) are completely switched over to said separated state, for releasing said engagement of said lever piece member (40) with said elastic compressible member (30). The connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said elastic compressible member (30) exerts its resilient force in both directions along a sliding, direction of said connector housings (10, 20); and wherein said engaging mechanism comprises: a lever piece member (40) supported inclinably in the other of said pair of connector housings (10, 20) and, according to the inclined states thereof, engageable with said elastic compressible member (30) to thereby allow said elastic compressible member (30) to exert its resilient force in a given direction and removable from said engagement with said elastic compressible member (30); and an inclining guide (17), during said sliding motion of said pair of connector housings (10, 20), for inclining said lever piece member (40) such that, in a separating operation, said lever piece member (40) is engaged with said elastic compressible member (30) to exert its pull-back resilient force in said sliding motion of said connector housings (10, 20) from said locked state and said separated state and, when said connector housings (10, 20) are completely switched over to said separated state, said lever piece member (40) is removed from said engagement with said elastic compressible member (30), and also such that, in a fitting operation, said lever piece member (40) is engaged with said elastic compressible member (30) to exert its push-out resilient force in said sliding motion of said connector housing (10, 20) from said separated state to said locked state and, when said pair of connector housings (10, 20) are completely switched over to said locked state, said lever piece member (40) is removed from said engagement with said elastic compressible member (30). The connector as claimed in claim 3, wherein said elastic compressible member (30) is supported in such a manner that it can be compressed from both directions; said lever piece member (40) is formed as a seesaw type lever piece member which is supported in such a manner that it extends in parallel to the sliding direction of said connector housings (10, 20) and faces said elastic compressible member (30), and said lever piece member (40) including in the two end portions thereof two contact pieces (43, 44) which are respectively projected out toward said elastic compressible member (30); and said inclining guide (17) in said fitting operation, inclines said seesaw type lever piece member (40) in a first direction when said connector housings (10, 20) slide from said separated state to said locked state to push out said contact piece (44) provided in the rear end portion thereof to thereby bring the contact piece (44) into engagement with the front end side of said elastic member (30) and, in said separating operation, including guide inclines said seesaw type lever piece member (40) in a second direction, opposite from said first direction, when said connector housings slide from said locked state to said separated state to push out said contact piece (43) in the front end portion thereof to thereby bring the contact piece (43) into engagement with the rear end side of said elastic compressible member (30).

Inventors: INONE NORI, SUZUKI MASAJI, TAKADA KENSAKU, INONE, NORI, SUZUKI, MASAJI, TAKADA, KENSAKU, Inone, Nori, c/o Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd., Suzuki, Masaji, c/o Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd., Takada, Kensaku, c/o Harness Syst. Tech. Res., Ltd
Applicants: HARNESS SYST TECH RES LTD, SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, HARNESS SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES RESEARCH, LTD., SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD., SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, LTD.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: H01R13
IPC codes: H01R13