I/O UNIT AND PANEL BOARD OF NUMERICAL CONTROLLER

Abstract: A panel board (3) including interconnections and connectors (10a, 10b, 10c, ...) engageable removably with I/O units (4a, 4b, 4c, ...) inclusive of a transmitter and a receiver. When engaged with one of the connectors on the panel board (3) the I/O unit (4) is connected with the interconnections on the panel board (3).

Description: The present invention relates to an improvement of I/O units and a distribution board for numerical control apparatus, adapted to transfer signals between a numerical control apparatus and a machine side controlled by means of the numerical control apparatus. In order to drive a machine tool by means of a numerical control apparatus, it is necessary to transfer signals between the numerical control apparatus and the machine side. This signal transfer is carried out by means of wires, such as cables, that are connected between the numerical control apparatus and input/output terminals on the machine side. In general, the connection between the numerical control apparatus and the machine side varies depending on various conditions, such as the type and scale of a machine in a system of the machine side. Conventionally, therefore, a distribution board and an I/O unit are employed for facilitating the connections with cables and the like to the machine-side system. In such a case, the distribution board is manufactured for each machine so that it can fit the machine to be controlled by means of the numerical control apparatus, while, for the I/O unit, a commonly available unit is used. FIG. 3 is a block diagram for illustrating the connection between a conventional numerical control apparatus and a machine side. Referring to FIG. 3, an I/O unit 24 and a distribution board 23 are arranged between a numerical control apparatus 21 and a machine side 22, and are connected by means of cables 31, 32, 33 and 34. The distribution board 23 is set corresponding to the machine-side system 22. The I/O connection between the conventional numerical control apparatus and the machine side has problems in terms of operating efficiency and productivity. In making the I/O connection between the conventional numerical control apparatus and the machine side, the distribution board 23 is set singly corresponding to the system of the machine side 22, as shown in FIG. 3, for example. Moreover, on the machine side of the I/O unit 24, the I/O unit 24 and the machine side 22 require at least two cables (wires 32 and wires 33 and 34) between themselves and the distribution board 23. Accordingly, the distribution board 23 must be set corresponding to the machine-side system, and the number of cables for the connection to the distribution board 23 has to be increased, so that it is difficult to improve the operating efficiency and productivity of the distribution board. In the case where the volume of signals between the numerical control apparatus 21 and the machine side 22 is increased, as shown in FIG. 4, it becomes necessary to use two distribution boards (23a and 23b) and additional I/O units 24a and 24b corresponding to the distribution boards 23a and 23b. These distribution boards and I/O units must be manufactured independently corresponding to the arrangement of the machine side 22, and the number of cables for the connection between them increases accordingly. By manufacturing the I/O units of the numerical control apparatus adapting to the machine side 22, the distribution boards themselves may be omitted to prevent the increase in the number of cables attributable to the increase of the distribution boards. In this case, however, an I/O unit must be manufactured for each of different machine tools. In general, however, an I/O unit requires a communication circuit, which transmits and receives signals to and from the body of the numerical control apparatus itself, and a transmitter-receiver circuit, which transmits and receives signals to and from the machine side. Thus, providing these circuits for each of different machine tools entails high manufacturing and operating costs. Arrangements of I/O units are already known from EP-A-0490864, US-A-4533990 and US-A-5000692, while a connecting apparatus according to the preamble of attached claim 1 is already known from US-A-4510565, wherein a connections board simply provides electrical connections to the I/O units. The object of the present invention is to provide I/O units and a distribution board for numerical control apparatus, the I/O units and the distribution board being formed integrally without using wires between the I/O units and the distribution board, so that packaging spaces and the number of wires are reduced. According to the present invention there is provided a connecting apparatus for electrically connecting a numerical control apparatus to a machine which is to be controlled by the numerical control apparatus via the connecting apparatus, the connecting apparatus comprising a connections board and a plurality of I/O units, each of which units comprises a transmitter-receiver circuit and is electrically coupled to said connections board, characterised in that: said connections board is a distribution board having mounting connectors thereon to which said I/O units are connected electrically and mounted in a physically-removable manner, the distribution board also having thereon machine-side cable connectors for transmitting input signals to, or receiving output signals from, a machine, and wiring which electrically connects said mounting connectors to said machine-side cable connectors, said wiring being adapted to a particular machine. In a connecting apparatus according to the present invention, the distribution board has wirings manufactured in conformity to a machine-side system controlled by means of a numerical control apparatus, and is provided with connectors detachably mounting a plurality of I/O units each including transmitter-receiver means, with the I/O units being designed so as to be able to be attached to the connectors of said distribution board. When the I/O units are attached individually to one ore more of their connectors on the distribution board, the attached I/O units and the wires are connected, whereby input/output connection between the numerical control apparatus and the machine side is accomplished. As described above, according to the present invention, the I/O units and the distribution board are formed integrally without using wires between the I/O units and the distribution board, so that packaging spaces and the number of wires are reduced, resulting in improvement in costs and operating efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a perspective view for schematically illustrating an embodiment of I/O units for numerical control apparatus according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a block diagram for illustrating in detail the I/O units for numerical control apparatus shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a block diagram for illustrating an example of a conventional I/O unit for numerical control apparatus; and FIG. 4 is a block diagram for illustrating the connection between a conventional numerical control apparatus and a machine side. Referring first to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, I/O units 4 and a distribution board 3 for numerical control apparatus according to the present invention are apparatuses for connecting the body of a numerical control apparatus 1 and a machine side 2 including a console panel, heavy-current panel, etc. The I/O units 4 for numerical control apparatus are composed of an I/O unit 4a, which is connected to the numerical control apparatus 1 by means of a cable 13, and extended I/O units 4b, 4c, 4d, ···, the number of which can be varied. On the other hand, the distribution board 3 is provided with wiring (not shown) corresponding to the machine side 2, and is provided with the I/O units 4, which can be connected to the wiring. One-side ends of the wirings are connected individually to connectors 10 (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d and 10e) for connection with the I/O units 4, and the connections among the I/O units 4 and the connectors 10a, lOb, 10c, 10d and 10e can be made, for example, by inserting contact terminals of the I/O units 4 into slots of the connectors 10. The other-side ends of the wirings are further connected to cable connectors 11A, 11B, ···, 11P, and are connected to connectors 12A, 12B, ···, 12P on the machine side 2 through cables 16 and 17. The cables 16 include signal lines, through which signals such as stop signals, display signals, etc. are transmitted from the machine side 2 to the side of the distribution board 3, and signal lines, through which signals such as position data are transferred between the side of the distribution board 3 and the machine side 2, while the cables 17 include only signal lines through which the signals such as the stop signals, display signals, etc. are transmitted from the machine side 2 to the side of the distribution board 3. Referring to FIG. 1, the numerical control apparatus 1 and the distribution board 3 are connected to each other by attaching at least one I/O unit 4a for numerical control apparatus to the connector 10a on the side of the distribution board 3. With this arrangement, the numerical control apparatus 1 and the I/O unit 4a can communicate with each other by means of a cable 13, signals and data are transferred between the I/O units 4 and input/output terminals of the distribution board 3 by means of the wirings of the distribution board 3, and moreover, signals and data are transferred between the input/output terminals of the distribution board 3 and the machine side 2 by means of the cables 16 and 17. The distribution board can be provided with a plurality of connectors 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, ···, and the I/O units 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, · · · can be mounted on the connectors, individually. The volumes of transmission and reception which individual I/O units 4 can deal with are set in advance, and the number of I/O units are increased or decreased depending on the volumes of transmission and reception required by the numerical control apparatus 1 and the machine side 2. Signals can be transferred between the individual I/O units 4 through the cables or connectors, but they may alternatively be transferred through the wiring provided on the side of the distribution board 3. Therefore, in the case where the required volumes of transmission and reception are within the transmission and reception capacity of one I/O unit, the numerical control apparatus 1 and the distribution board can be connected to each other by fitting the connector 10a with the I/O unit 4a to which the cable 13 is connected. In the case where the required volumes of transmission and reception are increased, the I/O units 4b, 4c, 4d, ···, corresponding in number to the increased volumes of transmission and reception, are attached to the connectors 10b, 10c, 10d, ··· in addition to the I/O unit 4a. Referring now to the block diagram of FIG. 2 showing an embodiment of the present invention, the details and operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. Explanation of those components in FIG. 2 which have already been explained in FIG. 1 are not repeated. Referring to FIG. 2, the distribution board 3 is provided with wirings 15 according to the machine side 2, and input/output terminals of the wirings 15 on one side are connected individually to the connectors 11A, 11B, ···, 11P. Further, the other-side input/output terminals of wirings 15 are connected to the connectors 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d and 10e for the I/O units 4, individually. The wirings 15 are provided corresponding to different machine sides 2. FIG. 2 schematically shows only those wirings which are connected to the connector 10a. The connectors 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d of the distribution board 3 are fitted with the I/O units 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, respectively. The I/O unit 4a is provided with a communication circuit 5, an input/output signal control circuit 6 (illustrated as a control circuit 6), and a transmitter-receiver circuit 7a, while other I/O units 4b, 4c and 4d are provided with only transmitter-receiver circuits 7b, 7c and 7d, respectively. The communication circuit 5 of the I/O unit 4a enables the distribution board 3 and the numerical control apparatus 1 to communicate with each other through the cable 13 and a connector 8. The input/output signal control circuit 6 directly controls the transmitter-receiver circuit 7a of the I/O unit 4a and controls the respective transmitter-receiver circuits 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of the I/O units 4b, 4c and 4d through connectors 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d, a wiring 14, etc., thereby regulating the transmission and reception operations of the transmitter-receiver circuits. These transmitter-receiver circuits 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d transmit and receive control signals and data signals to and from the machine side 2 through the wires 15 and the cables 16 and 17. Thus, only the I/O unit 4a is provided with the communication circuit 5 and the input/output signal control circuit 6, while other additional I/O units 4b, 4c and 4d are provided with only the transmitter-receiver circuits 7b, 7c and 7d. Regarding the transmitting and receiving capacities of the respective transmitter-receiver circuits 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of the I/O units 4, if it is assumed that the numbers of connectable points on the input side and output side are 16 and 6, respectively, for example, then the numbers of connectable points available on the input side and output side of the four I/O units 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, indicated by solid lines in FIG. 2, are 64 (16 points × 4 units) and 32 (8 points × 4 units), respectively. If a machine tool controlled by the numerical control apparatus requires 60 points for the input side and 30 points for the output side, in this case, numerical control can be carried out through connections for transmission and reception with this arrangement of the distribution board 3 that includes the I/O units 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d. In the case where the machine tool controlled by means of the numerical control apparatus requires more input and output points, an I/O unit 4e is additionally attached to the distribution board 3, as indicated by broken line in FIG. 2, so that it receives control signals and data signals from the input/output signal control circuit 6 through the wiring 14 and a connector 9e, whereby the numbers of available input and output points can be increased to maximum numbers to which the input/output signal control circuit 6 corresponds. These numbers of input and output points can be increased for each of the I/O units having the common construction. The cables 16 are used to transfer transmission and reception signals between the machine side 2 and the side of the distribution board 3, while the cables 17 are used only for the transmission from the machine side 2 to the side of the distribution board 3. On the machine side 2, the cables 16 and 17 are connected to the connectors 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D and 12P, individually. If the machine tool controlled by means of the numerical control apparatus requires 60 points for the input side and 30 points for the output side, in this case, connectors 12A, 12B and 12C having 16 points at input side and 8 point at output side, connector 12D having 8 points at input side and 6 points at output side, and the connector 12P having 4 points at input side may be combined for use, for example. Thus, in carrying out machining based on numerical control by using the I/O units and the distribution board for numerical control apparatus according to the present invention, it is necessary only to design and provide wirings of distribution board in conformity to the system of machine side and determine the number of I/O units for input and output operations. By doing so, wiring between I/O units and distribution board can be eliminated, so that operation for wiring arrangement can be omitted to improve the operating efficiency and productivity and lower the manufacturing costs. Furthermore, according to the I/O units and the distribution board for numerical control apparatus of the present invention, the I/O units and the distribution board can be formed integrally with one another, so that packaging spaces and the number of wires can be reduced.

Claims: A connecting apparatus for electrically connecting a numerical control apparatus (1) to a machine (2) which is to be controlled by the numerical control apparatus (1) via the connecting apparatus, the connecting apparatus comprising a connections board (3) and a plurality of I/O units (4a etc), each of which units comprises a transmitter-receiver circuit (7a etc) and is electrically coupled to said connections board (3), characterised in that: said connections board (3) is a distribution board having mounting connectors (10a etc) thereon to which said I/O units (4a etc) are connected electrically and mounted in a physically-removable manner, the distribution board (3) also having thereon machine-side cable connectors (11A etc) for transmitting input signals to, or receiving output signals from, a machine (2), and wiring which electrically connects said mounting connectors (10a etc) to said machine-side cable connectors (11A etc), said wiring being adapted to the particular machine (2). A connecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one of said I/O units (4a) further comprises a communication circuit (5) and an input/output signal control circuit (6), said communication circuit (5) being adapted for communication between the distribution board (3) and a numerical control apparatus (1) through a cable and connectors, said input/output signal control circuit (6) being adapted to directly control the transmitter-receiver circuit (7a) of the I/O unit (4a) corresponding thereto and to control transmitter-receiver circuits (7b etc) of one or two or more other I/O units (4b etc), attached to other I/O unit mounting connectors (10b etc) of the distribution board (3), through the connectors and wirings, and said transmitter-receiver circuit (7a) serving to transmit and receive control signals and data signals to and from a machine side (2) through wirings provided on the distribution board (3) and connecting cables. An I/O unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one said I/O unit (4b) comprises only a transmitter-receiver circuit (7b) for transmitting and receiving control signals and data signals to and from a machine side (2) through wirings provided on the distribution board (3) and connecting cables. A connecting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said I/O units (4a etc) are connected to one another through their transmitter-receiver circuits (7a etc). A connecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said I/O units (4a) is provided with a control means (6) for controlling the transmitter-receiver circuit (7a) thereof. A connecting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: said I/O units (4a etc) have a plurality of data input terminals and a plurality of data output terminals; and a required number of I/O units (4a etc) can be connected to the I/O unit mounting connectors (10a etc) of said distribution board (3), depending on a required number of input and output points for a machine (2) to be controlled by the numerical control apparatus (1), and the transmitting and receiving capacities of said I/O units (4a etc). A connecting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of said I/O units (4a) attached to the I/O unit connectors (10a etc) of the distribution board (3) comprises a communication circuit (5) for communication with the numerical control apparatus (1), an input/output control circuit (6) for controlling transmitter-receiver circuits (7b etc) of the remainder of the I/O units (4b etc), and a transmitter-receiver circuit (7a), and each of the other I/O units (4b etc) comprises only the transmitter-receiver circuit (7b etc).

Inventors: AIZAWA YASUHARU, AIZAWA, YASUHARU
Applicants: FANUC LTD
Application year: 1996
Main classification: G05B19
IPC codes: G05B19