ADAPTIVE MOTOR MECHANISM

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adaptive motor mechanism which achieves the transformation of the alternative motion of translation in rotation motion and conversely, concomitantly with the continuous adjustment of the stroke. This mechanism has two pistons (1) which drive, using two connecting rods (3), a crank shaft (4) which turns inside a main shaft (6). The crank shaft (6) includes a satelitte (c) which engages with an interior geared plate (5), considered fixed for the same adjustment. The interior geared plate (5) has to the external side a geared segment (f) engaging with a worm (8) which can change the radial position of the interior geared plate (5) and therefore the stroke of the pistons (1). This mechanism can be used for thermic and hydraulic machines or for any mechanical structure having need of variable stroke.

Description: ADAPTIVE MOTOR MECHANISM TE CHNICAL FIELD The present invent ion relat es t o an adapt iv mot or me¬ chanism which achieves the t ransformat ion of the alt erna¬ t ive mot ion of t ranslat ion in rot at ion mot ion and conver¬ sely, concomitant ly with the cont inuous adj ustment of the stroke . This mechanism is useful - for thermic and hydrauli c machines, for machine t ools and for other struct ure . BACKGROUND ART The most used mechanism for thermic and hydraulic ma¬ chines is that one with connecting rod and crankshaft. Although it is a simple mechanism.it has many desadvan- tages.lt produces a considerable pressing force between piston and cylinder which has negative effects as to the durability.lt has a fixed stroke of the piston and that means for the engines a fixed compression ratio and a great dependence on the fuel sort.The fixed compression ratio has a negative effect as to the super-charging pro¬ cess becose is necessary to reduce the air pression for certain conditions.The diesel engines have a great com¬ pression ratio fixed for starting conditions but that is not adequate for the fuel economy and for the size of the engines.For gasoline engines the fixed compression ratio has a negative influence as to the volumetrical efficiency for little ana partial load.With this mechanism is very difficult to achieve a working interruption for certain cylinders to the little and partial load while other cy¬ linders work on. For the hydraulic pumps which use this mechanism, the fixed stroke means an invariable flow. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is therfore an object of the present invention to provide auch a continuous variable stroke of the piston is operated most efficiently in the thermic and hydrau¬ lic machines. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION This object is attained according to the instant in¬ vention in a adaptiv motor mechanism having, in a first instance,at least one piston jointed with a connecting rod which transmits its alternative motion of transla¬ tion to a crank pin.In the second instance at least one piston, in solidarity with a push rod,transmits its al¬ ternative motion of translation to a crank pin,using a slide which can oscilate inside a guide.The crank pin belongs to a crank shaft which contains too a crank and a satellite which engages with an interior geared plate, consiάerated fixed for the same adjustment,the crank and the satellite having a planetary motion inside a main shaft which turns inside a crankcase.The radial position of the interior geared plate can be changed using a gea¬ red sector ,situated at the external side of the inter¬ ior geared plate,this geared segment engaging with a worm.The worm is drived,in a first variant, y a step- y- step motor or, in a second variant, y an actuator which is controled by an electronic unit receiving informations from certain specific sensors and from a selector switch which transmits the option of the user.The variation of a radial position of the interior geared plate brings about the change of the piston's stroke.For the good working of this mechanism is necessary that the distance between the rotation axis of the crank and the axis of the crank pin to be equal to the pitch radius of the satellite and equal to the half pitch radius of the interior geared plate. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS The βdaptiv motor mechanism,according to the present invention offers certain adventges. o the maximum stroke position the force between piston and cylinder is zero and in other positions is much diminiched. This mechanism can achieve a continuous variation of 5 the stroke and that means the continuous variation of the compression ratio and certainly of the capacity. That means for engines a very good adaption of the combustion parameters to the necessites and means too a maximalize of the effective efficiency.Other conse- 10 quence is that one as the same engine can use many types of fuel.This mechanism can achieve a stroke equal with zero and that means for engines the possi¬ bility of the working interuption for certain cylin¬ ders to the little and partial load while other cy- 5 linders work en. The variable capacity means for hydraulic machines a variable flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 0 Fig.l is βnaxial section through the adaptiv motor mechanism with connecting rods; Fig.2 is a section in accordance to the tract A-A from Fig.l; 5 Fig.3 is a section in accordance to the tract B-B from Fig.l; Fig.4 is anaxial section through the adaptiv motor mechanism with slide; Fig. is a section in accordance to the tract C-C p from Fig. . BEST MODES OF CARRYING OUT The first mode of carrying out is represented in 5 Fig.l,2 and 3.This mechanism uses two pistons 1 which transmit either i s alternative motion of translation to a connecting rod 2 using a bolt 3. The connecting rods 2 are jointed to the other end with a crank pin a_ which belongs to a crank shaft 4. The crank pin a is in solida¬ rity with a crank b, having a circular forme, and which is in solidarity too with a satellite £.The satellite £ engages with an interior geared plate 5 » consideratβd fixeα for the same adjustment .The crank shaft 4 has too a journal d in prolongation of the satellite £.The crank b,the satellite c and the journal d have together α pla- netary motion inside a main shaft 6. In the same time the crank pin ιa is forced to have a linear motion and the main shaft 6 is forced to have a rotation motion in¬ side a case 7. he main shaft 6 has a breach £ whereby emerges that portion of the satellite £ which engages with the interior geared plate 5. The radial position of the interior geared plate 5 can be changed using a gea¬ red segment f situated to the external side of the inter¬ ior geared plate 5 t which engages with a worm 8. The worm 8 has a axle £ which is actuated by a step-by-step motor 9. The rotation motion of the step-by-stβp motor 9 is con- troled by an electronic unit 10 which receives informa¬ tions from certain specific sensors 11 and from a selec¬ tor switch 12 which has many posit ions. The selector switch 12 transmits the option of the user. The interior geared plate 5 is hindered to have axial motion by a cover 13 fixed in the cβ3β 7. The seconα mode of carrying out is represented in Fig. 4 and 5. This mechanism uses two pistons 1 solidarizated by a push rod 14 which has , in the idle zone, a guide h. T e ensemble maked up the pistons 1 and the push rod 14 transmits its alternative motion of translation to a slide 15 which can oscilate inside the guide h and which is jointed to the crank pin a. The push rod 14 takes its alternative motion of translation as two guides 16, fixed in the case 7. The rest of this mechanism is sirailary with that describet in the first instance exepting the driving of the. worm a.The axle £ has a gear i t processed on it,which engages with a gear rack 17.The gear rack 17 is drivit in linear motion by an actuator 18 which is controled by the electronic unit 10. The both variantes can operate only with one piston l,but with two pistons 1 the mechanism is more effi¬ ciently. For the good working of these mechanisms is ne¬ cessary that the distance between the center of the crank b_ and the crank pin a.,termed L,to be equal to the pitch radius of the satellite £,termed M and equal to the pitch radius of the interior geared plate 5. ermed N,diminished to one half.Therefore: L β M =- Other condition is that as the rotation axis of the main shaft 6 to pass through the geometrical center of interior geared plate 5« When these mechanisms work to the maximum stroke (equal with 2xN) the translation axis of the crank pin a coincides with the translation axis of the pistons 1, termed X.In this position the connecting rods 2, res¬ pectively the slide 15, ill have only a translation mo¬ tion after axis X. Using the worm 8 is turned with a certain angle the interior geared plate 5 what brings about the rotation with the same angle of the translation axis of the crank pin a,termed Y.The stroke of the pistons 1 is diminished after a cosine law.In this case,for the first construc¬ tive variant,the connecting rods 2,past the translation motion,will have too a swinging motion.For the second constructive variant the slide 15 will have,past the translation motion after the axis X,a translation motion after an axis which coincides with the axis of the guide £,termed Z,which is perpendiculry on the axis X. If the interior geared platejis turned with 90° given the situation of the maximum stroke position,in the case of the second constructive variant,it is interrup¬ ted the motion of the pistons l.the slide 15 oscillating only after the axis Z which coincides with the symme¬ trical axis of the mechanism.In this position the mecha¬ nism has the function of a coupled clutch because the stroke is equal with zero while the main shaft 6 can turn on. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY If these mechanisms are used for internal combustion engines,the specific sensors 11 transmit to the electro¬ nic unit 10 the informations about the charge of the engine,the rotation speed,the temperature of the cooling liquide,the temperature of the environment,the pression of the air in the intake manifoild,the contents of oxy¬ gen into the burned gases and about the ^ knocking. The selector switch 12 serves for the transmission of the option of the user which can resolve a certain variant of programme memorized by the electronic unit 10,such as: -The engine will furnich the maximum power for all the working loads. hat means as the compression ratio will be regulate to the knocking limits for all . the working loads. -The engine will operate in the most economical mo¬ dality.That means as the compression ratio will , .be re¬ gulate so as to the effective efficiency to be maximum for all the working loads. -The engine will operate in the most reduced polu- tting modality.That means as the compression ratio will be regulate so as to the contents of harmful components to be at minimum in all the working loads. If these mechanisms are used for hydrauic pumps the specific sensors 11 transmit to the electronic unit 10 the informations about the outlet pressure of the wor¬ king oil,the rotation speed of the main shaft 6, the inlet pressure of the working oil,etcetera. he selector switch 12 serves for the transmisson of the option of the user which can resolve the value of the flow or the intteruption of the working of the pump while the dri- ving motor works on (only for the second constructive variant). The worm 8 is possible to be actuated,for simple applications,using a kinematical chain directly by the user (without electronic unit,sensors,etcetera). These mechanisms can be used for other machines if the pistons 1 are replaced with certain specific tools. BIBLIOGRAPHY l.SRUNWALD,Jβrtold, M Teoria,calculul gi constructia motoarelor pentru autovehicule rutiβre", Editura Di- actica gi pedagogicδ,Bucuregt i,1980. 2. MARIN, Virgil, MOSCOVICI, Rudolf, ENESLAV.Dumitru, "Sistβme hidraul^ce", Editura Tβhnica,Bucuregt i,1981.

Claims: CLAIMS l.An adaptiv motor mechanism which uses a crank shaft (4) beeing characterized in that this crank shaft (4) includes a crank pin (a) in solidarity with β crank (b),having circular forme but not obligatory,with a sa¬ tellite (c) and with a journal (d),the satellite (c) engaging with an interior geared plate (5),considerated fixed for the same adjustment,the satellite (c),the crank (b) and the journal (d) having together a plnetary motion inside a main shaft (6) which is forced to turn inside a case (7) while the crank pin (a) has a linear motion,and in that the distance between the rotation axis of the crank (b) and the axis of the crank pin (a), termed L, is equal to the pitch radius of the satellite (c),termed M,and equal to the pitch radius of the in¬ terior geared plate (5),termed N,diminished to one hβlF, the relation between them beeing L = M = £-,the rota¬ tion axis of the main shaft (6) passing through the geometrical center of the interior geared plate (5). 2.The mechanism defined in the claim 1 beeing cha¬ racterized in that the crank pin (a) is connected,in a first constructive variant,with at least one piston (1) using a connectig rod (2) and a bolt (3),the piston (1) having a alternative motion of translation. 3.The mechanism defined in the claim 1 beeing cha¬ racterized in that the crank pin (a) has attached on it,in a second constructive variant,a slide (15) which can oscilate inside a guide (h) included in a push rod (1 ) which has an alternative motion of translation on at least a guide (16),fixed in the case (7),the push rod (14) beeing solidarizated with at least one piston (1) or other working device. 4.The mechanism defined in the claim 1 beeing cha- racterized in that the interior geared plate (5) can change its radial position using a geared segment (f) which engages with a worm (8) ,solidarizated with a axle (g) and which can transmit a rotation motion to the in¬ terior geared plate (5). 5. he mechanism defined in the claims 1 and 4 beeing characterizated in that the axle (g) is drived.in a first constructive variant, by a step- by-step motor (9). 6. The mechanism defined in the claims 1 and 4 beeing characterizated in that the axle (g) includes, in a second constructive variant, a gear (i) engaging with a gear rack (17) which is rived by an actuator (18). 7. he mechanism defined the claims 1,2,3 * 4,5 and 6 beeing characterizated in that the adjustment of the step-by-step motor (9) respectively of the actuator (18) is controled by an electronic unit (10) which can decide to change the radial position of the interior geared plate (5) and therefore the stroke of the piston (l),thβ electronic unit (10) receiving informations from certain specific sensors (11) and from a selector switch (12), with many posit ions, which transmits the option of the user for a certain programme.

Inventors: GIURCA LIVIU GRIGORIAN, GIURCA, LIVIU, GRIGORIAN
Applicants: GIURCA LIVIU GRIGORIAN, GIURCA, LIVIU, GRIGORIAN
Application year: 1996
Main classification: F01B9
IPC codes: F01B9, F02B75, F16H21