COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT HAVING NETWORK CONNECTION DETECTION CAPABILITY

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing network communications capability to a computer system in accordance with standard communication line protocols are described, including interface circuits (70, 80, 90, 100, 110) which sense various characteristics of the communication lines (22, 24, 26, 28, 30) to control or provide signals (72, 82, 92, 102, 112) to control power to line drivers and/or other substantial power consuming circuitry to conserve power when communication line conditions indicate powering such circuits is not useful. Various embodiments are disclosed.

Description: COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT HAVING NETWORK CONNECTION DETECTION CAPABILITY BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 08/534,954 filed September 28, 1995 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 08/315,130 filed September 29, 1994. Both applications are assigned to the assignee of the present invention. 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to the field of digital communications, and particular to communications interface circuits and power management systems and methods. 2. Related Art Various communication interface standards are known for establishing communications between computer systems and peripheral devices. One example of such an interface is the RS-232 serial communications interface standard which is used in many applications, including IBM compatible personal computers. Other common standards include the RS-485 or RS-422 standards. Such digital communications standards include specifications adequate for equipment of different designs and manufacture to communicate with each other. Conventionally, the circuitry used to provide a computer system with RS-232 communications interface capability remains active and powered even when not connected to a device. In the past, when computer systems were generally powered via a standard electrical outlet, this constant utilization of power did not present a problem because of the virtually inexhaustible supply of power available. However, with the recent popularity of portable laptop and palmtop computers, which generally draw power from a rechargeable battery, this unnecessary power consumption has become problematic. Without a check on the status of its connection to other systems, the unused interface circuitry continues to drain power from the rechargeable battery, thereby reducing the amount of time the portable computer system may be used remotely. To reduce this unnecessary power consumption, and thereby extend the time the rechargeable battery remains charged, it is desirable to provide a communication interface circuit which detects when it is not coupled to another communications system, and which responds by signaling for the application of power to certain portions of the interface circuit to be suspended. It is also desirable for the interface circuit to include a power management system that monitors communication activity through the communication interface circuit. The power management system signals certain portions of the communication interface circuit to shut (or power) down if there exists no communication activity through the communication interface circuit for a prescribed period of time as well as power up in the event that communication activity is detected and the communication interface circuit is shut down. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Methods and apparatus for providing network communications capability to a computer system in accordance with standard communication line protocols are described, including interface circuits which sense various characteristics of the communication lines to control or provide signals to control power to line drivers and/or other substantial power consuming circuitry to conserve power when communication line conditions indicate powering such circuits is not useful. Embodiments for sensing valid/invalid line εignals on the communication lines, for sensing proper/improper line loads on the transmit lines and for sensing the presence/absence of transmitter or receiver data are disclosed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention in which: Figure 1 is an illustration of a laptop computer communicating with a desktop personal computer in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an interface circuit configured in accordance with the described embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an alternative embodiment of a line interface circuit in accordance with the invention. Figure 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of a communication interface circuit in accordance with a second aspect of the present invention. Figure 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating an alternative embodiment of the communication interface circuit of Figure 4. Figure 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of a power management system in accordance with a third aspect of the present invention. Figure 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating another embodiment of the power management system operating in accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION First, referring to Figure 1, an illustration of an exemplary computer syεtem, such as a laptop computer 10 coupled to a desktop computer 14 by an RS-232 line 12 may be seen. Figure 1 is intended to be exemplary only, as a computer system may be similarly coupled to a network or other device such as, by way of example, a modem or test equipment. Such laptop computers are designed for portability, with an internal rechargeable battery (not shown) that allows the laptop computer to be used as an isolated unit when external power is not available. When operated from the battery, a laptop may be operated without connection to external devices or networks of any kind, though can also be connected to a modem, a printer or other device such as on an RS-232 line. When inserted into outlet 18, power line 16 provides power to the laptop computer, allowing the laptop to operate in the normal manner and posεibly to recharge the battery as required. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an interface circuit 20 uεed in the laptop 10 of Figure 1 when configured in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The interface circuit 20 comprises a plurality of identical line interface circuits 70, 80, 90, 100 and 110, an AND gate 66 and a monostable circuit 68. Each line interface circuit monitors an RS-232 line controlled by data communications equipment (DCE) that may be connected to the computer by an RS-232 cable to determine the status of the respective line. In the present embodiment, line interface circuits 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 are used to couple the laptop to data communications equipment via Clear to Send (CTS) line 22, Carrier Detect (DCD) line 24, Receive Data (RD) line 26, Data Set Ready (DSR) line 28 and Ring Indicator (RI) line 30, respectively. CTS line 22, DCD line 24, RD line 26, DSR line 28 and RI line 30 are part of the RS- 232 communications interface standard and are embodied as individual wires in interface cable 12. In response, each circuit 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 generates a Single line Invalid signal on signal lines 72, 82, 92, 102, 112 respectively, which indicate whether each line interface circuit 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 is connected to a network or another communications device such as a desktop computer as shown in Figure 1 or a modem. Each signal line 72, 82, 92, 102, 112 is provided as an input to AND gate 66. The AND gate 66 provides an output to monostable circuit 68 which in turn generates a Master Invalid signal on line 69 in the event all line interface circuits provide a line invalid signal to the AND gate, indicating that none of the RS-232 lines monitored have a valid signal thereon. The Master Invalid signal indicates that the entire interface circuit 20 is not connected to a network or another device, or alternatively, is connected to a network or other device that is not powered, and in either case, may be used by the laptop computer to regulate or shut off power to other circuitry in the laptop computer connected to the RS-232 lines, such aε line drivers, receiverε, and the like. Referring again to Figure 2, line interface circuit 70, which is representative of line interface circuits 80, 90, 100, 110, compriεeε an inverter 50, two voltage comparatorε 60, 62, a resistor 53 and an AND gate 64. Resistor 53 is coupled between the CTS input line 22 and ground, in a preferred embodiment a line load of 5 kΩ, and unless the CTS line is connected to another powered device driving the line to other voltages, will pull the line to ground voltage. Voltage comparator 60 has its inverting input coupled to CTS line 22 and its non¬ inverting input coupled to a positive one volt (+1V) voltage source. The non-inverting input of voltage comparator 62 is coupled to the CTS line 22 and the inverting input iε coupled to a negative one volt (-1V) voltage source. The outputs of voltage comparator 60 and 62 are coupled to the inputε of AND gate 64, which generates a Single Line Invalid signal on line 72. When laptop computer 10 and desktop computer 14 are communicating with each other over RS-232 cable 12 (Figure 1), the voltage on the CTS line 22 will generally vary between positive three (+3.0) volts or greater, and negative three (-3.0) volts or less. Each of the other line interface circuits 80, 90, 100 and 110 perform similarly in response to voltage levels present on their respective input εignal lines, and the combination of all the line interface circuits form the data terminal equipment input portion of a standard RS- 232 communication interface. While inverter 50 of line interface circuit 70 iε driving internal data line 52, voltage comparators 60 and 62 of line interface circuit 70 are also monitoring the voltage level on the CTS line 22. When the voltage level on the CTS line 22 is greater than -1.0 volt, the voltage level on the non-inverting input of voltage comparator 62 will be greater than the voltage level on its inverting input. This causes voltage comparator 62 to apply a logic high to AND gate 64. When the voltage level on the CTS line 22 is less than +1.0 volt, the voltage level on the inverting input of voltage comparator 60 will be less than the voltage level on its non-inverting input. Thiε cauεeε voltage comparator 60 to apply a logic high to AND gate 64. Thuε, when the voltage level on the CTS line 22 is between -1.0 and +1.0 volts, which is a voltage range which is less than the range associated with a valid RS-232 logic level, voltage comparator 62 and voltage comparator 60 will both simultaneously assert logic highs, which in turn will cauεe AND gate 64 to assert a Single Line Invalid signal that is applied to AND gate 66. If none of the signalε CTS, DCD, RD, DSR and RI are in the valid range, all inputs to AND gate 66 will be high, and thus the output thereof will go high. As one possible exception, signals changing state must pasε through the range of -1.0 voltε to +1.0 voltε, εo may have tranεient valueε in the deεignated invalid signal range. This is taken care of by monostable circuit 68, which maintainε the present valid (low) state of the output signal on line 69 until the new invalid (high) signal asserted by AND gate 66 remains logic high for at least 10 microseconds ("μs"), adequate to insure against a false triggering of the invalid signal by temporary conditions on the RS-232 lines. Such temporary conditions may be created when simultaneous transitionε acroεs all the RS-232 signal lines cause all the signals to temporarily be at invalid voltage levels. However, since these signalε only remain at an invalid logic level for εubεtantially leεε than 10 μs, monostable circuit 68 effectively preventε falεe Maεter Invalid εignalε from being aεserted in response to these temporary conditions. In an alternate embodiment, voltage comparator 60 may be configured to perform the function of inverter 50. Alternatively, voltage comparator 62 may be configured to perform the function of inverter 50. In a further embodiment, the outputs of comparators 60, 62 are provided directly to AND gate 66 as one of 10 signal inputs thereto. In a further alternate embodiment, the voltage asserted on CTS data line 22 may be determined by sensing the current through resiεtor 53. Using the same -1.0 volt to +1.0 volt signal invalid range as before, such range would be the equivalent of a current through the resiεtor 53 of -200 μampε to +200 μampε. The Single Line Invalid signal indicating a current within this range would be applied to AND gate 66 via line 72. Figure 3 illuεtrateε a εtill further alternate embodiment of line interface circuit 70. Herein, inverter 50 and resistor 53 operate as previously described. Voltage comparator 75 haε its non-inverting input coupled to CTS line 22, and its inverting input coupled to a positive 1 Volt (+1.0 volt) voltage source. The inverting input of voltage comparator 76 is coupled to CTS line 22, while the non-inverting input is coupled to a negative 1 volt (-1.0 volt) voltage source. Now the outputs of voltage comparators 75 and 76 are both low if the voltage of the CTS line is in the range of -1.0 volt to +1.0 volt, and as connected to NOR gate 77, generate the εame single line Invalid signal on line 72 as before. Other line interface circuits 80, 90, 100, 110 may be similarly implemented. Thuε, the hereinbefore described interface circuit 20 will asεert a logic high on line 69 that can be used by computer system 10 to suspend the application of power to certain portions of the interface circuit used to receive and transmit information in accordance with the RS-232 interface standard, such as, but not necessarily limited to, line drivers and receivers. By suspending the application of power to certain portions of the circuit, the total power consumed by computer system 10 of Figure 1 is reduced, thus extending the duration the rechargeable battery may be used to power the laptop computer between battery charges. In that regard, while the monitoring circuits of the present invention are intended to be powered all the time, they can be easily realized by very low power circuits, yet their control of much higher power circuits results in very subεtantial power savings. Thus, a method and apparatus for operating a computer system that allows for reduced power consumption is described. While the invention is described in the context of an RS-232 compatible circuit, the invention can alεo be utilized with other communication εtandardε and interfaces that use voltage level tranεitionε over signal lines to transmit data, εuch as, by way of example, RS-485 and RS-422 communication standards. Also, while the invention is εhown used within a portable computer system, it can be included in any communications system that would benefit from reduced power consumption. The interface circuit can also internally turn on and off sectionε of its circuitry without intervention or control by the computer system 10. Furthermore, the computer system 10 can use the Invalid εignal to indicate to the user, or to other software, whether or not the computer syεtem 10 iε connected to an active network, communications syεtem, or other communicationε device. The invention discussed above and depicted in Figures 2 and 3 provides a communication interface circuit which detects, at the receiver input, when it is not coupled to another active communications system. When not thus coupled, the communication interface circuit provides a signal so that the application of power to certain portionε of its circuitry can be εuεpended. However, an alternative method of detecting the connection or lack of connection of the communication lineε to another device in accordance with the preεent invention iε to detect a load on one or more of the tranεmitter outputε of the computer system 10 (the data terminal equipment outputs) to provide a status signal which indicates when a transmitter in a computer system is coupled to another device so that the application of power to certain portions of the interface circuit such as driver circuits can be suspended when the transmitter is not coupled to another device. It is also desirable to provide a power management system which turnε on powered-off circuitε in a computer system when signal transmission activity is detected. Such an embodiment is shown in Figure 4. In this εpecific embodiment, RS-232 interface circuit 120 within a computer conεiεtε of one or more signal line interface circuits, such as interface circuits 122 and 123, an oεcillator circuit 124 and an output circuit 125. Assuming two RS-232 transmitters, the transmitter signals are provided by the computer via signal lines 126 and 128. Each signal line interface circuit 122 and 123 generates two outputs, which are provided on lines 130, 132 and 134, 136 respectively. The εignals /12346 PC17US96/15275 - 1 1 - provided on lineε 130 and 134 repreεent the output of the tranεmitter deviceε, and are provided to an RS-232 port (not shown) . Lines 132 and 136 are provided as inputs to output circuit 125. The interface circuit 120 is designed to operate regardlesε of whether other on-board power supplies are on or off as will be discussed in detail in the following sectionε. In a preferred embodiment, other on-board power εupplieε may be controlled by the εignal provided on line 152, aε generated by the circuit 120. Signal line interface circuit 122, which iε repreεentative of signal line interface circuit 123, comprises an Output Driver 160, two current senεe amplifierε 162 and 164, OR gateε 166 and 170, an inverter 168 and a feedback circuit 165. The signal line interface circuit 122 receives data for tranεmiεεion via signal line 126 from the laptop computer syεtem 10 of Figure 1. The signal on line 126 is provided as one input to OR gate 166, which in turn provides its output to an inverter 168. Aεsu ing the second input to OR gate 168, node D, iε low at this time, the output of the OR gate will follow its first input. The inverter 168 invertε the output of OR gate 166 and provideε the inverted signal to Output Driver 160. In a preferred embodiment, the Output Driver 160 may be implemented using the circuit described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08/257,194, entitled "HIGH SWING INTERFACE STAGE", filed on June 9, 1994, and assigned to the assignee of the present application. The disclosure in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08/257,194 is incorporated herein by reference. Again assuming the second input (node D) to OR gate 166 is low, if a load exiεtε on the output of the tranεmitter circuit, i.e., if the tranεmitter circuit is 12346 PC17US96/15275 - 12 - coupled to a receiver circuit in deεktop computer εystem 14 of Figure 1, or to another device, a current II will flow from terminal V + through reεistor Rl to the load via line 130 if the output (the TD signal of the RS-232 standard) of the transmitter circuit iε a poεitive voltage. The current II flowing through Rl cauεeε a voltage VI to develop acroεε Rl . Thiε results in a positive potential difference across the non-inverting and inverting inputs of the current senεe amplifier 162, which generateε a logical high or a logical "1" output in response. Conversely, if a load exists on the output of the tranεmitter circuit and the output of the tranεmitter circuit is a negative voltage, a current 12 will be drawn from the load (i.e., the device coupled to the transmitter circuit) to terminal V- . The current 12 flowing through R2 causeε a voltage V2 to develop acroεε R2. Thiε reεultε in a positive potential difference across the non-inverting and inverting outputs of the current senεe amplifier 164, which generateε a logical high or a logical "1" output of current εense amplifier 164 in response. As shown in Figure 4, the output of each current sense amplifier 162 and 164 is provided to OR gate 170. Thus, if the output of either current sense amplifier 162 or 164 iε high, the output of OR gate 170 will alεo be high, indicating that a load exists on the transmitter circuit . The outputs provided on lines 132 and 136 of signal line interface circuits 122 and 123, respectively, are provided to OR gate 138, which generateε an output on line 140 in response. This output of OR gate 138 iε provided to OR gate 142, and is also provided to a delay circuit 146 which generates a signal via line 148 to OR gate 142. The delay circuit 146 provideε a delay (e.g., a 10 με delay) in providing the output of OR gate 138 to OR gate 142. As a result, OR gate 142 provides a pulse via line 149 that iε delayed by 10 μs from the onεet of a pulse on line 140. This 10-μs delay preventε false signal indicationε during tranεmitter output signal transitionε. Thus, the 10-μs delay is implemented to enεure that signals received from OR gate 138 are maintained for at least 10 μs. The signal provided on line 149 is clocked into latch circuit 150 by the output of oscillator 154. In a preferred embodiment, the oscillator 154 enables the latch circuit 150 approximately every 100 milliseconds ("ms") . Accordingly, the latch circuit 150 also provides an updated output approximately every 100 ms. The εignal A provided on line 152 may be uεed to indicate the existence of a load. Alternatively, it may be used to control other portions of the transmitter circuit to shut off unused portions of the transmitter circuit. The oscillator 154 and signal A are uεed to pulεe the interface circuit 122 on periodically, particularly the output driverε 160, via feedback circuit 165 and line 180. This iε done to teεt for loadε on the tranεmitter circuits when any or all portions of the transmitter circuit are otherwise not powered on. Aε shown in Figure 4, the feedback circuit 165 comprises OR gate 176, inverter 190 and AND gate 188. Assume, for instance, that the output driver 160 is inactive and the output of OR gate 170 is accordingly a logical low. This state is reflected in the outputs of gates 138, 142 and latch circuit 150, which are all at a logical low, as is node E reducing or shutting off power to the output driver 160 and current sense amplifiers 162 and 164. The oscillator 154, however, generates a pulse every 100 ms. This pulεe, which haε a period of 99 ms, is inverted by inverter 172. Thuε, a pulse B having a period of 1 ms is generated every 100 ms to enable or power up the signal line interface circuit 122. The pulse B is provided on line 174 as one input to OR gate 176, while the output of latch circuit 150 is provided as a second input to OR gate 176 on line 178. The output E of OR gate 176, driven high by pulse B, is provided on lines 180, 182 and 184 to output driver 160 and current sense amplifiers 162 and 164, enabling (powering) output driver 160 and current senεe amplifierε 162 and 164. Aε εignals A and B are provided to OR gate 176, εignal B is likewise provided on line 186 aε an input to AND gate 188. The signal A provided on line 178, which iε εtill low, is inverted by inverter 190 and then as a second input C to AND gate 188. In response, the AND gate 188 provides a high signal D aε one input to OR gate 166, driving the output thereof high. This output is inverted by inverter 168 before being provided to output driver 160 to provide a low output on line 130. In this manner, the circuits may be powered and an input εignal may be provided to output driver 160 every 100 ms to determine if a load iε coupled to the tranεmitter circuitε when the transmitter circuits are otherwise in a powered-off or powered-down state. If a load exiεts on the transmitter output, current will flow from the load through R2, resulting in a logical high signal on the output of current εenεe amplifier 164. This signal will reεult in a logical high at the output of OR gates 170, 138, 142 and latch circuit 150. With the latch circuit output on node A high, OR gate 176 will hold node E high, holding output driver and current senεe amplifiers on even after the 1 milliεecond pulεe on node B endε. Thiε condition will perεiεt until none of the current εenεe amplifiers sense a load for at least 10 microseconds, after which the latch 150 output will go low. This allows node E to respond to the oscillator signal on node B, reεuming the periodic teεting of the communication lineε for a load indicative that a load has appeared by someone hooking up the RS- 232 cable. The net effect is that the 1% duty cycle of the line testing (1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds) conserves on the order of 99% of the energy that would have been otherwise uselesεly dissipated. Also while the circuit of Figure 4 contemplates testing of the communication line by driving the input to the output driver 160 to a particular state and detecting the driver current requirementε, the input to the output driver may be driven to the either state for this test, as the circuit of this embodiment is symmetrical in itε current detection capabilities. Figure 5 iε an alternate embodiment of the communication interface circuit 120 εhown in Figure 4. The communication interface circuit 200 iε similar to communication interface circuit 120, with the exception that it utilizeε two voltage comparators 202 and 204 instead of current sense amplifiers 162 and 164. The non-inverting terminal of voltage comparator 202 iε connected to terminal V+ and the inverting terminal of voltage comparator 202 is connected to the output of Output Driver 160. If a load exiεtε on the tranεmitter output and the tranεmitter output iε a high voltage, current 13 will flow from the terminal V + to the load via line 130, eεtablishing a voltage V3 across resistor R3. The positive potential difference between the non¬ inverting and inverting terminals of 202 reεult in a logical high output from voltage comparator 202, indicating the existence of a load at the transmitter output . If a load exists on the transmitter output and the transmitter output is a low voltage, current 14 flows from the load to terminal V-, establishing a voltage V 4 across resiεtor R4. Thiε reεultε in a positive potential difference between the non-inverting and inverting terminals of voltage comparator 204. Consequently, the voltage comparator 204 provides a logical high output, indicative of the existence of a load at the transmitter output. Thus, the outputε of the comparators 202 and 204 duplicate the outputs of the current sense amplifierε of Figure 4, and after combining in OR gate 170, can be uεed to control the output circuit 125 of Figure 4. The invention discuεεed above and depicted in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 may also be used independently, or in conjunction with a power management system to power up circuits from a powered off state. Figure 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of a power management system 250 in accordance with a third aspect of the present invention. The power management εyεtem 250 compriεes a plurality of edge detectorε 252a, b, ... N. The edge detectorε 252a, b, ... N receive inputε TX1, TX2, ... TXN from tranεmitter input εignalε (transmit data or TD in RS-232 parlance) coupled to the interface. As is apparent to one skilled in the art, there may be fewer or a greater number of inputs TXl, TX2, ... TXN, than those depicted in Figure 6. The output of each edge detector 252a, b, ... N iε provided to an OR gate 254. The output X of the OR gate 254 iε provided to a retriggerable monoεtable circuit 256 which is automatically reset (Q low, Q high) preferably 10 /12346 PC17US96/15275 - 17 - εeconds after its last set. Thus, if no signal transition by the output of OR gate 254 is detected for 10 seconds, the retriggerable monostable circuit 256 will be set, and the output Q of retriggerable monostable circuit 256 will become a logical " 1 " . If signal transitions are detected, the retriggerable monostable circuit 256 is maintained in the εet condition and the Q output of retriggerable monostable circuit 256 is consequently a logical "0". In ordinary communications, the retriggerable monostable circuit will be set more frequently than every 10 secondε, εo that the Q output will remain low so long as the transmitter iε transmitting. The output Q of retriggerable monostable circuit 256 is provided as one input G to AND gate 258. A εignal from Auto Shutdown circuit 260 iε provided aε a εecond input H to AND gate 258. In an exemplary embodiment, the Auto Shutdown circuit 260 may be implemented uεing the output of the interface circuit 120 of Figure 2, which output iε high if all εignalε thereto are invalid. The output I of AND gate 258 may be uεed to power up or shut down tranεmitter driver circuitry, the output being high only when all the tranεmitter inputs are inactive and when the circuit of Figure 2 indicates that active Data communications equipment is not coupled to an RS-232 port. It may also be used to generate an interrupt or another signal which indicates that a communications link such as an RS-232, RS-485 or RS-422 link with another εyεtem is either established or disconnected. The power management system 250 may alεo be uεed to indicate that a εyεtem such as a transmitter or receiver or a communication link is turned on or off. Referring now to Figure 7, another embodiment of the power management system is εhown in which certain circuitry (e.g., line drivers) of the communication interface circuit is powered down if no communication activity occurs for a prescribed period of time on standard communication lines (e.g., RS-232, RS-485, or RS-422 signal lines) . Communication activity is determined by the preεence of signal transitions on one of the standard communication lines (e.g., a Receive (RX) RS-232 signal line, or a Transmit (TX) RS-232 signal line) . Typically, the signal transitions are detected upon the rising or falling edge of the signal. As shown, the communication interface circuit 300 receives and transmitε data through standard communication lineε 305ι-305p (where "p" is a positive whole number) . These data lines are preferably configured to propagate data in accordance with a RS-232 voltage levels as well as TTL or CMOS voltage levels. Preferably, each of the standard communication lines 305ι-305p is monitored by the power management syεtem 315 to power down certain portionε of the communication interface circuit (hereinafter referred to aε "selected circuitry") if no communication activity is detected for a prescribed period of time. The prescribed period of time may range from a fraction of a second to minutes or longer, if desired. More specifically, the power management system 315 includes a plurality of edge detectors 320, a timing circuit 325 and shutdown circuitry 330. Each of the edge detectors 320 iε uniquely coupled to one of the standard communication lines 305χ-305p to detect communication activity by detecting signal transitionε on any of theεe lineε and to provide a pulse in responεe thereto. The outputε of the edge detectors are effectively ORed together to provide the Reset εignal reεponεive to the outputε of any one or more of the edge detectorε. Upon detecting communication activity, the timing circuit 325 iε reset by the edge detectorε 320 through activation of a "Reset" control signal line 326. Activation of the "Reset" control signal line 326 by the edge detectors may cause one of two functions, depending on whether a time-out condition has occurred. A "time¬ out" condition occurε if the timing circuit 325 fails to be reset within a prescribed period of time. The prescribed time period may be static or programmable by the user through well-known techniques such as pin εtrapping, selection of a resiεtance or capacitance and the like. If the timing circuit 325 receiveε an active Reεet εignal via εignal line 326 before the preεcribed period of time haε elapεed, the timing circuit 325 is reset. In response, the timing circuit 325 precludes the shutdown circuitry 330 from powering down the selected circuitry. Alternatively, if the timing circuit 325 receives an active Reεet signal during a time-out condition, indicating resumption of communication activity on at least one of the plurality of standard communication lineε 305ι-305p, the timing circuit 325 iε reεet and εignalε the εhutdown circuitry 330 via εignal line 327 to power up the εelected circuitry. Although not εhown, the timing circuit 325 may be configured aε an increment or decrement counter indexing its count every cycle until a terminal count value is reached. The product of the terminal count value and the time period of one cycle is equivalent to the preεcribed time period. The shutdown circuitry 330 may receive a control signal from other circuitry within the communication interface circuit 300 (e.g., power management syεtem of Figure 4) to requeεt the εelected circuitry to be shut down or powered up. Likewise, as εhown above, the εhutdown circuitry 330 may be configured to automatically power down or power up the εelected circuitry within the communicationε interface circuit upon receiving a control εignal from the timing circuit 325 indicating that the time-out condition haε occurred or communication activity detected during a time-out condition, respectively. The embodiments set forth above are intended merely to demonstrate one implementation of the invention and should not be viewed as limiting itε scope. Other implementations and embodimentε of the invention will be readily apparent to thoεe εkilled in the art.

Claims: CLAIMS What is claimed is: 1. An interface circuit for connection to standard communication lines comprising: a first circuit for connection to a communication line for detecting a predetermined characteristic of a communication line connected to the first circuit and another device; and, a second circuit coupled to the first circuit for providing a control signal indicative of the detection or lack of detection of the predetermined characteristic of a communication line. 2. An interface circuit for connection to standard communication lines intended to be controlled by a communications device coupled to the opposite end of the lines comprising; a first circuit for connection to the communication lines for detecting the presence or absence of a valid signal level on each of the lineε; and, a second circuit coupled to the first circuit for providing a control signal indicative of the lack of detection of a valid signal level on any of the lines. 3. The interface circuit of claim 2 further comprised of power control circuitry for deactivating circuitry associated with the interface circuit for reducing the power consumption thereof responsive to the lack of detection of a valid signal level on any of the lines. 4. An interface circuit for connection to standard communication lines comprising: a first circuit including a line driver for connection to a communication line, the first circuit being a circuit for detecting the presence or absence of a load on the line driver when the line driver is on; and, a second circuit coupled to the first circuit for providing a control signal indicative of the presence or absence of a load on the line driver. 5. A method of monitoring a communication line connection for connecting to a standard communication line comprising the steps of: (a) monitoring the communication line connection to detect the presence or absence of a predetermined characteristic of a communication line connected to the communication line connection and another device; and, (b) providing a control signal indicative of the detection or lack of detection of the predetermined characteristic of a communication line. 6. A method of monitoring communication line connections for connecting to standard communication lineε intended to be controlled by a communicationε device coupled to the oppoεite end of the lineε comprising: (a) monitoring the communication line connections to detect the preεence or abεence of a valid εignal level on each of the lineε; and, (b) providing a control signal indicative of the lack of detection of a valid signal level on any of the lines. /12346 PC17US96/15275 - 23 - 7. A method of monitoring a connection for connecting to a εtandard communication line comprising the steps of: (a) monitoring a line driver coupled to the connection to detect the preεence or abεence of a load on the line driver when the line driver is on; and, (b) providing a control signal indicative of the presence or absence of a load on the line driver. 8. The method of claim 7 further comprised of the step of turning off the line driver upon the detection of the absence of a load on the line driver. 9. A method of monitoring a plurality of standard communication lines connected to a communication interface circuit, the method compriεing the steps of: (a) starting a timing circuit; (b) monitoring each of the plurality of standard communication lines in order to detect communication activity on one of the plurality of standard communication lines; (c) providing a control signal to the timing circuit upon detecting communication activity on one of the plurality of standard communication lines; (d) resetting the timing circuit upon receiving the control signal ; and (e) maintaining power εupplied to selected circuitry of the communication interface circuit if the timing circuit receives the control signal before a prescribed period of time has elapsed. 10. A power management system for conserving power within an interface circuit through monitoring a plurality of εtandard communication lineε, the power management εystem compriεing: a detection circuit coupled to the plurality of standard communication lines, the detection circuit determines whether there exists communication activity on at least one of the plurality of standard communication lines; a shutdown circuit adjusting power usage of circuitry within the interface circuit; and a timing circuit coupled to the detection circuit and the shutdown circuit, said timing circuit signaling said shutdown circuit to adjust power usage of the circuitry upon said detection circuit detecting a lack of communication activity over a prescribed period of time.

Inventors: ALLEN CHARLES M, DENMARK ROBERT BRUCE, FOX BRETT J, SHIEH SUI PING, ALLEN, CHARLES, M., DENMARK, ROBERT, BRUCE, FOX, BRETT, J., SHIEH, SUI, PING
Applicants: MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS, MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS, INC.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: G08B26
IPC codes: G06F1, H04L12, H04L29