METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COBALT CATALYSTS

Abstract: A method for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH3)5M] Ty wherein M ligands are selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C30 carboxylic acids having the formula: RC(O)O-; said method comprising reacting cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH3)5X] Ty (e.g., X is chlorine) with concentrated ammonium hydroxide followed by carboxylic acid anhydride of the formula: RC(O)O(O)CR.

Description: METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COBALT CATALYSTS TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to methods for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 M] T y wherein M ligand is selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C30 carboxylic acids having the formula: RC(O)O-. These catalysts are particularly useful in bleach-containing consumer compositions, especially automatic dishwashing detergents and laundry detergents comprising bleach. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Cobalt catalysts are well known, as are a variety of methods for manufacturing them. Most synthesis methods, however, are directed simply to methods effective for obtaining experimental quantities for academic studies. These are described, for example, in M. L. Tobe, "Base Hydrolysis of Transition-Metal Complexes", Adv. Inorg. Bioinorg. Mech.. (1983), 2, pages 1-94; J. Chem. Ed. (1989), 66 (12), 1043-45; The Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds, W.L. Jolly (Prentice-Hall; 1970), pp. 461-3; Inorg. Chem.. 18, 1 97- 1502 (1979); Inorg. Chem.. 21, 2881-2885 (1982); Inorg. Chem.. 18, 2023-2025 (1979); Inorg. Synthesis, 173-176 (1960); and Journal of Physical Chemistry. 56, 22- 25 (1952). For use in consumer products, however, it is necessary that the cobalt catalysts be prepared in large quantities by the most cost effective manner with the highest possible purity. It has been discovered by the present invention that cobalt catalysts containing carboxylate ligands can be prepared on an industrially useful scale by the present process. BACKGROUND ART U.S. Patent 4,810,410, to Dia un et al, issued March 7,1989; U.S. 5,246,612, to Van Dijk et al., issued September 21, 1993; U.S. 5,244,594, to Favre et al., issued September 14, 1993; and European Patent Application, Publication No. 408,131, published January 16, 1991 by Unilever NV, see also: U.S. Patent 5,114,611, to Van Kralingen et al, issued May 19, 1992 (transition metal complex of a transition metal, such as cobalt, and a non-macro-cyclic ligand); U.S. Pat. 4,430,243, to Bragg, issued February 7, 1 84 (laundry bleaching compositions comprising catalytic heavy metal cations, including cobalt); German Patent Specification 2,054,019, published October 7, 1971 by Unilever N.V. (cobalt chelant catalyst); and European Patent Application Publication No. 549,271, published June 30, 1993 by Unilever PLC (macrocyclic organic ligands in cleaning compositions). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to methods for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 M] T y wherein the M ligand is selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C30 carboxylic acids having the formula: RC(O)O-; said method comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a cobalt (III) pentaamine complex having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 X] T y wherein X is selected from base labile ligands (preferably Cl", Br, OH", H2O, NO2", SO^', and CO3*-**"); and T is one or more counteranions present in a number y, where y is an integer to obtain a charge-balanced salt (preferably y is 1 or 2); with an aqueous base (preferably concentrated ammonium hydroxide); followed by (b) reacting the product of step (a) with a carboxylic acid anhydride of the formula: RC(O)O(O)CR wherein each R is independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C30 moieties (preferably both R are the same); and (c) collecting the cobalt complex. All parts, percentages and ratios used herein are expressed as percent weight unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 M] T y wherein the M ligands are selected from substituted and unsubstituted C\- C30 carboxylic acids having the formulas: RC(O)O-. This method comprises the first step of reacting with an aqueous base a cobalt (III) pentaamine complex having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 X] T y wherein X is selected from base labile ligands. Preferred X are selected from Cl " , Br " , OH " , H2O, NO2 " , SO42 " , and CO3 2 ". T is one or more appropriately selected counteranions present in a number y, where y is an integer to obtain a charge-balanced salt (preferably y is 1 or 2). Preferred T are selected from the group consisting of chloride, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, citrate, acetate, carbonate, bromide, PFg " , BF4 " , phosphate, tosylate, methanesulfonate, and combinations thereof. The aqueous base for this first step is preferably concentrated aqueous ammonium hydroxide (preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 25%, and typically between 28-32% solutions). Other aqueous bases include, for example, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and other weak amine bases. Reaction conditions for this step typically require slight heating (above about 65°C) sufficient to dissolve the cobalt (III) pentaamine complex, followed by cooling to approximately room temperature prior to the next step. This first step is followed by reacting the product of the first step with a carboxylic acid anhydride ofthe formula: RC(O)O(O)CR wherein each R is independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1 -C30 moieties. It is preferred that both R moieties are the same, but mixed anhydrides may be used as desired for the desired cobalt complex being synthesized. Reaction conditions for this step are typically room temperature for from about 10 to about 60 minutes. At the end ofthe reaction process, the cobalt complex is collected. Preferred collection methods include, for example, evaporation to remove the solvent or lyophilization. The cobalt complex collected may be used as is, or further purified or modified for incorporation into the desired product or use to be made of the complex. This includes optionally washing the solid product with ethanol to remove non-cobalt salts. The present invention method preferably is carried out in one reaction vessel without isolation or separation of the intermediate reaction products. However, if desired, one or more of the reaction steps may be conducted in separate reaction vessels, and may be followed or preceeded by optional separation and/or collection steps ofthe intermediate reaction materials. Herein, R is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-C30 (preferably C1-C18) unsubstituted and substituted alkyl, C6-C30 (preferably Cg-Cig) unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C3-C30 (preferably C5-Cι ) unsubstituted and substituted heteroaryl, wherein substituents are selected from the group consisting of -NR' 3 , -NR' 4 + , -C(O)OR', -OR, -C(O)NR' 2 , wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-C6 moieties. Such substituted R therefore include the moieties -(CH2) n OH and -(CH2) n NR'4 + , wherein n is an integer from 1 to about 16, preferably from about 2 to about 10, and most preferably from about 2 to about 5. Most preferred M are carboxylic acids having the formula above wherein R is . selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, straight or branched C4-C12 alkyl, and benzyl. Most preferred R is methyl. Preferred carboxylic acid M moieties include formic, benzoic, octanoic, nonanoic, decanoic, dodecanoic, and especially acetic acid. Therefore, most preferred methods use the anhydrides comprising these carboxylic acids, and preferred anhydrides are the same acids. Most preferred anhydride is acetic anhydride. The most preferred cobalt complex prepared by the present invention is cobalt pentaamine acetate chloride, [Co(NH3)5OAc]Cl2 (herein "PAC"). The starting cobalt (III) pentaamine complexes useful herein, the [Co(NH3)5X] T y complexes, are commercially available and can be prepared by a variety of methods. These include the preferred starting material [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2, sold by Aldrich and by Pfaltz and Bauer. The following nonlimiting example further illustrates the method according to the present invention. NH«OH(con) [Co(NH 3 ) 5 CI]CI 2 ► + Ac 2 θ * PAC [Co(NH ) 5 Cl]Cl2 (26.4 g, 0.10 mol) is added to distilled water (800 mL). NH4OH (23.4 mL, 0.600 mol) is slowly added with stirring. The solution is then heated to 75°C and the solid dissolves with stirring. The solution is cooled to RT. Acetic anhydride (30.6 g, 0.30 mol) is slowly added with stirring. The solution is stirred 1 hour at RT. At this point the reaction solution can either be lyophilized to a pink powder or the solution can be rotovapped down and the resulting solid pumped on overnight at 0.05 mm. to remove residual water and NH4OAC. The excess ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride salts can also be removed by washing the solid with ethanol. Yield 35 gr., 78.1% by uv-vis spectroscopy. HPLC [according to the method of D.A. Buckingham, et al, Inorg. Chem.. 28, 4567-4574 (1989)] shows all ofthe cobalt is present as [Co(NH3)5OAc]Cl2

Claims: What is Claimed is: 1. A method for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 M] T y wherein the M ligand is selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C30 carboxylic acids having the formula: RC(O)O-; wherein R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C30 moieties; said method comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a cobalt (III) pentaamine complex having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 X] T y wherein X is selected from base labile ligands; and T is one or more counteranions present in a number y, where y is an integer to obtain a charge- balanced salt; with an aqueous base; followed by (b) reacting the product of step (a) with a carboxylic acid anhydride of the formula: RC(O)O(O)CR wherein each R is independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted 1- 30 moieties; and (c) collecting the cobalt complex. 2. The method according to Claim 1 wherein X is selected from Cl", Br, OH", H2O, NO 2 ", SO4 2 -, and CO3 2 -. 3. The method according to either of Claims 1 or 2 wherein the aqueous base is ammonium hydroxide. 4. The method according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein each R in the anhydride is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-C30 unsubstituted and substituted alkyl, C6-C30 unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C3-C30 unsubstituted and substituted heteroaryl, wherein substituents are selected from the group consisting of -NR' 3 , -NR' 4 + , -C(O)OR, -OR', -C(O)NR' 2 , wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and Ci-Cg moieties. 5. The method according to any of Claims 1-4 wherein each R in the anhydride is independently selected from Cj-Cig unsubstituted and substituted alkyl. 6. The method according to any of Claims 1-5 wherein the M ligand is a carboxylic acid moiety selected from formic, benzoic, octanoic, nonanoic, decanoic, dodecanoic, and preferably acetic acid. 7. A method for manufacturing cobalt complexes having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 M] T y wherein the M iigand is selected from substituted and unsubstituted C1-C30 carboxylic acids having the formula: RC(O)O-; wherein R is selected from C i-Cjg unsubstituted and substituted alkyl moieties; said method comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a cobalt (III) pentaamine complex having the formula: [Co(NH 3 ) 5 X] T y wherein X is selected from Cl " , Br, OH " , H 2 O, NO 2 ", SO4 2 -, and CO3 2 -; and T is one or more counteranions present in a number y, where y is an integer to obtain a charge-balanced salt; with concentrated ammonium hydroxide; followed by (b) reacting the product of step (a) with a carboxylic acid anhydride of the formula: RC(O)O(O)CR wherein each R is independently selected from Cι-Cι g unsubstituted and substituted alkyl moieties; and (c) collecting the cobalt complex. 8. The method according to any of Claims 1-7 wherein both R in the anhydride are the same moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, straight or branched C4-C12 alkyl, and benzyl. 9 The method according to any of Claims 1-8 wherein the anhydride is acetic anhydride. 10. The method according to any of Claims 1-5 and 7 wherein each R in the anhydride is independently selected from the moieties -(CH2) n OH and - (CH2) n NR'4 + , wherein n is an integer from 1 to 16, preferably from 2 to 10. KWZ (5725EPO)

Inventors: PERKINS CHRISTOPHER MARK, PERKINS, CHRISTOPHER, MARK
Applicants: PROCTER & GAMBLE, THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
Application year: 1996
Main classification: B01J
IPC codes: B01J31, C07F15