cDNA of DOCK180 gene and DOCK180 protein

Abstract: The present invention provides a cDNA of DOCK180 gene, which has a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and of which translation product binds to the proto-oncogene product CRK, a recombinant vector containing this cDNA, a DOCK180 protein expressed from the cDNA which has a amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and an antibody to the DOCK180 protein. According to the present invention. It is possible to develop new diagnosing and therapeutic techniques using DOCK180 protein and antibody against the protein.

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cDNA of DOCK180 protein, which binds to the proto-oncogene product CRK, a recombinant vector containing this cDNA, a DOCK180 protein expressed from the cDNA, and an antibody to the DOCK 180 protein. The cDNA of the present invention, the DOCK180 protein, and the antibody are very useful for diagnosis of tumor cells and development of a cancerocidal method for suppressing tumor cells. PRIOR ART Recent progress of cellular biology and molecular biology is really remarkable. Active research efforts are being made on carcinogenesis on the genetic level, and such efforts have identified many oncogenes and antioncogenes associated with human. It is also known that various proteins are expressed from these genes. For example, CRK protein, which is expressed from a proto-oncogene CRK, is one of the major proteins controlling proliferation of higher eukaryote, and is known to regulate proliferation of tumor cells in many malignant tumors. See for example Knudsen et al., J. Biol. Chem., 269: 32781-32787, 1994 and Feller at al., EMBO J., 13: 2341-2351, 1994 for proteins which bind to the N-terminal SH3 domain of CRK. It has now been revealed that this CRK protein function through binding to DOCK180 protein. DOCK180 is therefore attracting general attention as a diagnostic indicator of tumor cells and as a target for missile therapy using various antitumor agents. However, because no information has been available about a gene encoding the DOCK180 protein, it has conventionally been impossible to effectively utilize this protein widely for diagnosis of cancerous diseases, clarification of carcinogenesis mechanism, or development of a new cancer therapy. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has an object to provide a cDNA of DOCK180 gene, and a genetic engineering material permitting easy manipulation of this cDNA and expression of the protein in a large scale. The present invention has another object to provide a DOCK180 protein which is expressed from the above-mentioned cDNA, and an antibodies against this protein. The present invention provides a cDNA of the DOCK180 gene, which has the nucleotide sequence defined in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID No: 1. Furthermore, the present invention provides a recombinant vector containing the cDNA of DOCK180 gene. More concretely, the present invention provides the plasmid pDOCK180 held by E. coli DOCK180 (FERM BP-5362). The present invention further provides a DOCK180 protein having the amino acid sequence defined in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID NO: 2, and antibodies to DOCK180 protein prepared by using the DOCK180 protein as an antigen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Fig. 1 is a constitutional diagram of pDOCK180, which is a cloning vector of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The cDNA of the present invention can be isolated and purified from higher eukaryotes such as cells derived from human, mouse, and chicken by the application of, for example, the method of Sambrook et al.(Molecular Cloning, second edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, 1989). More specifically, the cDNA can be obtained by purifying mRNA of DOCK180 protein gene from animal cell, and then synthesizing a cDNA chain from the mRNA by the use of reverse transcriptase. From among the thus synthesizable cDNAs of DOCK180 protein, the nucleotide sequence of cDNA derived from human cells and the amino acid sequence of the translation domain thereof are defined in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2. Then, the recombinant vector of the present invention can be prepared by inserting a fragment of the resultant cDNA into known cloning vectors. Ligation of the cDNA fragment and the vectors may be accomplished by, for example, the above mentioned method of Sambrock et al. Preferable vectors include a plasmid and a λ-phage for Escherichia coli as the host, and an applicable plasmid is, for example, one derived from pBR322. A preferable λ - phage is λ gt11. Transfer of the thus prepared recombinant vectors into the host may be conducted through infection by λ phage as presented in the above-mentioned paper by Sambrook et al. for example, a transformed cells with the recombinant vector containing the above-mentioned cDNA are available by inoculating the recombinant λ gt11 into Escherichia coli Y1090 at 37°C. Selection of a transformed cell may be accomplished by appropriately using a known method, depending upon the kind of the cloning vector. For example, selection of a transformed cell with λ gt11 can be performed as follows. The above-mentioned recombinant λ gt11 containing the cDNA can be inoculated into Escherichia coli Y1090 under a temperature condition of 37°C, and the E. coli cells are cultured on an ager plate containing trypton, yeast extract, NaCl and ampicillin (hereinafter abbreviated as an "agar medium"). Then, a nitrocellulose membrane containing isopropyl thio-D-galactoside (hereinafter abbreviated as "1PTG") is placed on the plate for another several hours to induce transcription from the integrated cDNA. After the binding of an enzyme-labelled CRK protein to the membrane (Matsuda et al., Mol. Cell. Biol., 12: 3482-3489, 1992), an lamda phage plaques having the recombinant vector can be selected by putting a substrate for the enzyme in it. A preferable labelling enzyme is alkaline phosphatase or peroxidase. CRK protein may be manufactured as a fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferese (hereinafter abbreviated as "GST"), and selection may be accomplished by using an antibody against this GST. The cDNA fragment inserted into λ phage can be cleaved out and re-inserted into a plasmid vector, if necessary. An example of recombinant plasmid vector of the invention is pDOCK180 which is prepared by inserting the cDNA of SEQ ID NO: 1 into vector plasmid pBlue ScriptIIKS(+), for which details are presented in Example 2 later. The pDOCK180 was transfected into the XL1-Blue strain derived from Escherichia coli K12 strain, and the transformant E. coli DOCK180 having the pDOCK180 was deposited to National Institute of Biocience and human Technology, a international depository, under Budapest Treaty as a deposit No. FERM BP-5362. Then, the DOCK180 protein of the present invention can be exressed from the cDNA of SEQ ID NO: 1. For production of the protein, an expression vector is prepared by inserting the cDNA fragment into a known expression vector- The cDNA fragment can be isolated from the above-mentioned cloning vector, pDOCK180. While there is no particular limitation as to the expression vector, a preferable one is pGEX1, pGEX2T or pGEX3X using E. coli as the host. The expression vector containing the cDNA fragment can be introduced into an Escherichia coli (for example, DH5 strain derived from Escherichia coli K12 strain) by a known method. The DOCK180 protein of the present invention is easily produced in a large scale by culturing the transformed cells. More specifically, a concrete example comprises the steps of culturing the transformed Escherichia coli at 37°C for 3 to 24 hours on L-broth containing ampicillin, bacteriolyzing through ultrasonic blending, and adsorbing this sample to a carrier such as glutathione sephalosc (made by Pharmacia P-L Biochemicals Company), thereby isolating and purifying the target DOCK180 protein. An antibody against DOCK180 protein is available by inoculating the thus purified DOCK180 protein to an animal by a conventional method. Applicable animals include rabbit, mouse, goat, sheep, horse and hamster, and among others, rabbit or mouse is preferable. The thus obtained anti-DOCK180 protein antibody can be used, for example, for quantitative determination or separation of DOCK180 protein in a sample, and further, serves as a useful material for missile therapy using an antitumor agent with DOCK180 as a target. The cDNA, the protein and the antibody of the present invention provide various genetic manipulation materials useful for development of a new cancer therapy. These materials include an antisense RNA of DOCK180 gene, a variant protein of DOCK180, and a virus vector which expresses these RNA, variant protein, and anti-DOCK180 protein antibody in tumor cells. The present invention will be described below in further detail by means of examples. It is needless to mention that the present invention is not limited in any manner by the following examples. EXAMPLE 1 A cDNA fragment to human DOCK180 protein gene was isolated and cloned as follows. An mRNA of DOCK180 gene was isolated from human spleen and a cDNA fragment was synthesized from the mRNA. The cDNA fragment was then integrated into λ gt11, and a recombinant vector thereof was infected to Escherichia coli Y1090, which was plated onto LA agar culture medium. After six hours, a nitrocellulose membrane containing 1mM IPTG was placed on this medium, and after three hours of culture, this nitrocellulose membrane was incubated for an hour with a phosphate buffer solution (pH: 7.5) containing 2% skim milk and 0.05% Tween 20. Then, after reaction for an hour with a phosphate buffer solution containing 1µ g/ml GST-CRK and 1 µg/ml anti-GST monoclonal antibody, and for an hour with 1 µg/ml alkaline phosphate-labelled anti-mouse antibody (made by TAGO Company), the phage having an ability to bind to CRK protein was identified by means of AP PURPLE (made by Bio lol Company), a substrate for alkaline phosphatase. This phage was purified through three runs of plaque formation, and then DNA thereof was isolated by the phenol extraction method, and cleaved with a restriction enzyme EcoRI. Next, part of cDNA of DOCK180 gene was prepared through electrophoresis. This cDNA fragment was isotope-labelled with random oligo primer (made by Behlinger Company) and 32P deoxycytidine triphosphate. With the use of this labelled cDNA, the above-mentioned recombinant λ gt11 with cDNA derived from a human spleen was screened through plaque hybridization by the method of Sambrook et al.(Molecular Cloning, second edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, 1989), and further six clones of recombinant λ gt1) having DOCK180 protein cDNA were obtained. DNAs of these phages were cleaced with restriction enzyme EcoRI to isolate cDNA of DOCK180 gene and subcloned into phagemid vector pUC119. A single stranded DNA was purified from the thus obtained recombinant vector, and the nucleotide sequence thereof was determined by the use of an automatic nucleotide sequence reader (made by ABC Company). The identified nucleotide sequence thereof is shown in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID NO: 1, and the amino acid sequence of the anticipated translation product, by SEQ ID NO: 2. As a result of retrieval of this amino acid sequence in the database in the GenBank of the European Molecular Biology Laboratories (EMBL), the amino terminal end of DOCK180 protein shares homology with Fyn and Yes of tyrosine kinase by more than 20%. This domain has a structure known as SH3, and is present in various protein groups involved in signal transduction of cell proliferation in addition to that of tyrosine kinase. However, DOCK180 protein was found to be different from any known proteins and to be a new signal transduction factor. EXAMPLE 2 From the group of recombinant pUC119 obtained in Example 1, the DNA fragments excluding overlapping portions were isolated and ligated each other to prepare a fragment containing all the translation domain of the cDNA. The resultant cDNA fragment was then inserted into the plasmid vector pBlue Script II KS(+) to obtain the recombinant vector pDOCK180. This pDOCK180 has a constitution as shown in Fig. 1. Further, this cloning vector pDOCK180 was introduced into an XL1-Blue strain derived from Escherichia coli K12 to obtain a transformant E. coli DOCK180 (FERM BP-5362). EXAMPLE 3 The cloning vector pDOCK180 obtained in Example 2 was cleaved with a restriction enzyme to prepare a cDNA domain of DOCK180 protein. The resultant cDNA fragment was then inserted into plasmid pGEX1, thereby preparing expression vectors. Transformant cells were prepared by introducing the expression vectors into Escherichia coli DH5. After culturing this transformant cells in 1 ℓ L-broth containing ampicillin up to an absorbance of 0.6, IPTG was added to 0.5mM, and culturing was continued for another three hours. After collection, the bacteria were ultrasonic-treated to remove crushed pieces of bacteria, and the supernatant was mixed with glutathione sephalose (made by Pharmacia P-L Biochemicals Company). After rinsing glutathione sephalose with a phosphate buffer solution, DOCK180 protein was eluted with the use of a phosphate buffer solution containing 5mM glutathione. This protein was dialyzed with a phosphate buffer solution, and then a portion thereof was analyzed with SDS-polyacrylamide gel: a GST fused-DOCK180 protein having a purity of over 90% was synthesized. EXAMPLE 4 The DOCK180 protein purified in Example 3 was subcutaneously inoculated three times to a rabbit, together with complete Freund's adjuvant, and then, serum was sampled. Reactivity of this serum with the purified DOCK180 protein was investigated by the Western blotting technique: a clear reactivity was demonstrated with the DOCK180 protein even when diluted to about 1,000. This permitted confirmation of applicability thereof as an antibody against DOCK180 protein. SEQUENCE LISTING (2) INFORMATION FOR SEO TO NO: 1: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTIC: (A) LENGTH: 6519 base pairs (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: single (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA to mRNA (iii) ORIGINAL SOURCE: spleen cell of homo sapiens (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 24..5619 (x) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 1: (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 2: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTIC: (A) LENGTH: 1865 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein (iii) ORIGINAL SOURCE: spleen cell of homo sapiens (ix) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 2:

Claims: A cDNA of a DOCK180 gene, which has a nucleotide sequence defined in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID No: 1, and of which translation product binds to proto-oncogene product CRK. A recombinant vector containing the cDNA as claimed in claim 1. Plasmid pDOCK180 held by E. coli DOCK180 (FERM BP-5362). A DOCK180 protein having an amino acid sequence defined in Sequence Listing by SEQ ID NO: 2. An antibody to a DOCK180 protein as claimed in claim 4, which is prepared by using the DOCK180 protein as claimed in claim 4 as an antigen.

Inventors: KURATA TAKESHI, MATSUDA MICHIYUKI, KURATA, TAKESHI, MATSUDA, MICHIYUKI
Applicants: JAPAN SCIENCE & TECH AGENCY, JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY
Application year: 1996
Main classification: C12N15
IPC codes: C12R1, C07K16, C12N15, C12N1, C07K14, C12P21