TRICYCLIC HERBICIDAL HETEROCYCLES

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I), and their N-oxides and agriculturally-suitable salts, are disclosed which are useful for controlling undesired vegetation, wherein J is Formula (II) and Q, X, Y, Z, R<1>-R<19>, m, n, p, q and r are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compound of Formula (I) and a method for controlling undesired vegetation which involves contacting the vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I).

Description: TITLE TRICYCL1C HERBICIDAL HETEROCYCLES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to certain tricyclic heterocycles, their N-oxides, agriculturally-suitable salts and compositions, and methods of their use for controlling undesirable vegetation. The control of undesired vegetation is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Achievement of selective control of the growth of weeds especially in such useful crops as rice, soybean, sugar beet, corn (maize), potato, wheat, barley, tomato and plantation crops, among others, is very desirable. Unchecked weed growth in such useful crops can cause significant reduction in productivity and thereby result in increased costs to the consumers. The control of undesired vegetation in noncrop areas is also important. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but the need continues for new compounds which are more effective, less costly and environmentally safe. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention is directed to compounds of Formula I including all geometric and stereoisomers, Λ/-oxides, and agriculturally suitable salts thereof, agricultural compositions containing them and their use for controlling undesirable vegetation: wherein Q is Q-l Q-2 Q-3 Q-4 X is O, S(O) r , N(C C 2 alkyl) or CH 2 optionally substituted with 1 2 C,-C 2 alkvl, Y together with the carbons to which it is attached form a phenyl ring or a fused five or six membered heterocyclic ring, which may be fully aromatic or partially or fully saturated, containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from the group nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, provided that the heterocyclic ring contains no more than 2 oxygens and no more than 2 sulfurs, and the ring is optionally substituted with one to three groups independently selected from the group C j -C 6 alkyl, C j -C^ haloalkyl, C ( C 6 alkoxy, C1-C5 haloalkoxy, C \ -C alkylthio, C j -Cg haloalkylthio, C C 6 alkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, C ] -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, Cι -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C j -C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C 4 dialkylannnosulfonyl, NR 15 R 16 , C 2 -C £ alkoxyalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -Cg alkylcarbonyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, phenyl optionally substituted with C j -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, and pyridyl optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, provided that when a nitrogen atom of the fused heterocyclic ring is substituted, then the nitrogen substituent is other than halogen, Z is selected from the group -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -OCH 2 CH 2 -, -0-CH=CH-, -NR 13 CH 2 CH 2 -, -NR 13 CH=CH-, -N=CHCH 2 -, -OCH 2 0-, -NR ! 3CH 2 NR -, -N=CHNR 13 -, -CH 2 OCH 2 -, -CH 2 NR π CH 2 - -CH 2 S(O) r CH 2 -, -CH 2 C(O)CH 2 -, -CH=NCH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -OCH 2 -, -SCH 2 -, and -NR 13 CH -, each group optionally substituted with one to four R 5 , and the directionality of the Z linkage is defined such that the moιet\ depicted on the left side of the linkage is bonded to the carbonyl carbon of Q-i ; R 1 and R 2 are independently H, Ci-Cg alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C r C b alkoxy. C,-C 6 haloalkoxy, C r C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C r C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C j -Cg haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C r C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C r C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C 4 dialkylaminosulfonyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 3 is C C 2 alkyl; R 4 is OR 14 , SH, C,-C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C r C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C,-C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, Ci-Cg alkylsulfonyl, C , haloalkylsulfonyl, halogen or NR 1 5R 1 6- or R 4 is phenylthio, phenylsulfonyl or -SCH 2 C(O)Ph, each optionally substituted with C1-C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 5 is independently H, C1-C3 alkyl, C 3 -Cg alkenyl, C3-C 6 alkynyl, C1-C 3 alkoxy, formyl, C 2 -Cg alkoxycarbonyl, -CH(C r C 3 alkoxy ) 2 , C r C3 alkylthio, C 2 -C 4 alkylthioalkyl, cyano or halogen; or when two R 5 are attached to the same carbon atom, then said R 5 pair can be taken together to form -OCH 2 CH 2 O-, -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O-, -SCH 2 CH 2 S- or -SCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 S-, each group optionally substituted with 1-4 CH 3 ; R 6 is OR 14 , SH, C,-C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C,-C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C,-C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, Cι -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C g haloalkylsulfonyl, halogen or NR 15 R 16 ; or R 4 is phenylthio, phenylsulfonyl or -SCH 2 C(O)Ph, each optionally substituted with C1 -C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 7 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 alkynyl or -CH 2 CH OR 13 ; or R 7 is phenyl or benzyl, each optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with C1-C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 8 is H, C j -Cg alkyl, Ci-Cg haloalkyl, C Cg alkoxy, C r C 6 haloalkoxy, halogen, cyano or nitro; R9 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl; R 10 is H, C 2 -Cg alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 - haloalkoxycarbonyl, CO 2 H or cyano; R 1 ' is C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-4 C1-C3 alkyl or C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl; R 12 is cyano, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, S(O) r R 16 or C(O)NRl5Rl6; R 1 is H or C r C 6 alkyl; R 14 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, formyl, C 2 -C alkylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C(0)NR 15 R 16 , C r C 6 alkylsulfonyl or C Cg haloalkylsulfonyl; or R 14 is phenyl, benzyl, benzoyl, -CH 2 C(O)phenyl or phenylsulfonyl, each optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with C1-C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; Rl5 ιs H or C r C 6 alkyl; R 16 is C r C 6 alkyl or C r C 6 alkoxy, or R ! 5 and R 16 can be taken together as -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 or -CH 2 CH OCH 2 CH 2 n is 1 or 2, r is 0, 1 or 2 The dotted line in the ring containing Y in J of Formula I indicates that the ring may be unsaturated, or may be partially or fully saturated as further defined in the above recitation of Y. In the above recitations, the term "alkyl", used either alone or in compound words such as "alkylthio" or "haloalkyl" includes straight-chain or branched alkyl, such as, methyl, ethyl, ra-propyl, /-propyl, or the different butyl, pentyl or hexyl isomers The term " 1 -2 alkyl" indicates that one or two of the available positions for that substituent may be alkyl "Alkenyl" includes straight-chain or branched alkenes such as 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, and the different butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl isomers "Alkenyl" also includes polyenes such as 1,2-propadιenyl and 2,4-hexadιenyl "Alkynyl" includes straight-chain or branched alkynes such as 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl and the different butynyl, pentynyl and hexynyl isomers "Alkynyl" can also include moieties comprised of multiple triple bonds such as 2,5-hexadιynyl "Alkoxy" includes, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, /i-propyloxy, isopropyloxy and the difierent butoxy pentoxy and hexyloxy isomers "Alkoxyalkyl" denotes alkoxy substitution on alkyl Examples of "alkoxyalkyl" include CH 3 OCH 2 , CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 , CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 and CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 "Alkylthio" includes branched or straight-chain alkylthio moieties such as mefhylthio, ethylthio, and the different propylthio, butylthio, pentylthio and hexylthio isomers "Alkylsulfinyl" includes both enantiomers of an alkylsulfinyl group. Examples of "alkylsulfinyl" include CH 3 S(0), CH 3 CH 2 S(O), CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(O), (CH 3 ) 2 CHS(O) and the different butylsulfinyl, pentylsulfinyl and hexylsulfinyl isomers Examples of "alkylsulfonyl" include CH 3 S(O) 2 , CH 3 CH 2 S(O) 2 , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 , (CH 3 ) 2 CHS(O) 2 and the different butylsulfonyl, pentylsulfonyl and hexylsulfonyl isomers "Alkylamino", "dialkylamino", and the like, are defined analogously to the above examples "Cycloalkyl" includes, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl The term "halogen", either alone or in compound words such as "haloalkyl", includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine Further, when used in compound words such as "haloalkyl", said alkyl may be partially or fully substituted with halogen atoms which may be the same or different Examples of "haloalkyl" mclude F 3 C, C1CH 2 , CF 3 CH 2 and CF 3 CC1 2 Examples of "haloalkoxy" include CF 3 O, CCl CH 2 O, HCF 2 CH 2 CH 2 O and CF 3 CH 2 O Examples of "haloalkylthio" include CCl S, CF 3 S CC1 3 CH 2 S and C1CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 S Examples of "haloalkylsulfonyl" include CF,S(0) 2 CC1 3 S(0) 2 , CF 3 CH 2 S(O) 2 and CF 3 CF 2 S(O) 2 The total number of carbon atoms in a substituent group is indicated by the "C j C," prefix where 1 and j are numbers from 1 to 6 For example, C1-C 3 alkylsulfonyl designates methylsulfonyl through propylsulfonyl, C alkoxyalkyl designates CH OCH 2 , C alkoxyalkyl designates, for example, CH^CH(OC¥L 3 ), CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 or CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 , and C 4 alkoxyalkyl designates the various isomers of an alkyl group substituted with an alkoxy group containing a total of four carbon atoms, examples including CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 and CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 Examples of "alkylcarbonyl" include C(O)CH 3 , C(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 and C(O)CH(CH 3 ) 2 Examples of "alkoxycarbonyl" include CH 3 OC(=O), CH 3 CH 2 OC(=O), CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OC(=O), (CH 3 ) 2 CHOC(=O) and the different butoxy- or pentoxycarbonyl isomers In the above recitations, when a compound of Formula I includes a six-membered aromatic ring which contains a nitrogen atom, then all substituents on the heterocyclic ring are attached through the carbon atom(s) of that πng When a group contains a substituent which can be hydrogen, for example R 1 or R 14 , then, when this substituent is taken as hydrogen, it is recognized that this is equivalent to said group being unsubstituted Compounds of this invention can exist as one or more stereoisomers The vaπous stereoisomers include enantiomers, diastereomers, atropisomers and geometric isomers One skilled in the art will appreciate that one stereoisomer may be more active and/or may exhibit beneficial effects when enπched relative to the other stereoιsomer(s) or when separated from the other stereoιsomer(s) Additionally, the skilled artisan knows how to separate, enrich, and/or to selectively prepare said stereoisomers Accordingly, the present invention compπses compounds selected from Formula I, N-oxides and agriculturally suitable salts thereof The compounds of the invention may be present as a mixture of stereoisomers, individual stereoisomers, or as an opticalh active form Some compounds of this invention can exist as one or more tautomers One skilled in the art will recognize, for example, that compounds of Formula la (Formula I where Q is Q-l , R 4 is OR 14 , and R 14 is H) can also exist as the tautomers of Formulae lb and Ic as shown below One skilled in the art will recognize that said tautomers often exist in equilibrium with each other As these tautomers interconvert under environmental and physiological conditions, they provide the same useful biological effects The present invention includes mixtures of such tautomers as well as the individual tautomers of compounds of Formula I lb Ic The salts of the compounds of the invention include acid-addition salts with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrobromic, hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, sulfuric, acetic, butyric, fumaric, lactic, maleic, malonic, oxalic, propionic, salicylic, tartaric, 4-toluenesulfonιc or valeric acids. The salts of the compounds of the invention also include those formed with organic bases (e.g , pyridine, ammonia, or tnethylamine) or inorganic bases (e.g., hydrides, hydroxides, or carbonates of sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium or barium) when the compound contains an acidic group such as a carboxylic acid or enol Preferred salts include the lithium, sodium, potassium, triethylammomum, and quaternary ammonium salts of the compounds of the invention. Preferred compounds for reasons of better activity and/or ease of synthesis are Preferred 1. Compounds of Formula I, and N-oxides and agriculturally-suitable salts thereof, wherein J is selected from the group J- l J-_ J-3 J-5 J-6 J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-ll J-I: J-13 J- 14 J-15 J- 16 J-17 J-18 J-1 J-20 J-21 J-22 J-23 J-24 J-27 J-28 J-29 J-30 J-31 J-3- J-33 J-34 J-35 J-36 J-37 J-38 J-39 J-40 J-42 R 17 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy, C r C 6 haloalkoxy, C j -Cg alkylsulfonyl, C j -Cg haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C j -C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C 4 dialkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl or C 2 -Cg alkylcarbonyl; or R ! 7 is phenyl or pyridyl, each optionally substituted with C 1 -C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 18 is independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C r Cg alkoxy, C j -Cg haloalkoxy, C j -Cg alkylthio, C ] -Cg haloalkylthio, C j -Cg alkylsulfinyl, C Cg haloalkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, C j -Cg haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C r C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C 4 dialkylaminosulfonyl, NR 15 R 16 , C 2 -Cg alkoxyalkyl, 2 ~C β alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 19 is independently H, C Cg alkyl, C j -Cg haloalkyl, C 2 -Cg alkoxyalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl or C -Cg alkylcarbonyl; and q is 0, 1 or 2. Preferred 2. Compounds of Preferred 1 wherein: Q is Q-1. Preferred 3. Compounds of Preferred 2 wherein: Z is,CH CH 2 CH 2 optionally substituted with one to four R- s ; R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C1 -C3 alkyl, C j -C3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 4 is OR 14 ; and R 14 is H or C1 -C 4 alkylsulfonyl; or R 14 is benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl, each optionally substituted with C1 -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro. Preferred 4. Compounds of Preferred 3 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. Preferred 5. Compounds of Preferred 1 wherein: Q is Q-2; Preferred 6. Compounds of Preferred 5 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C r C 3 alkyl, C r C 3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 6 is H or C1 -C 4 alkylsulfonyl; or R 6 is benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl, each optionally substituted with C1 -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano, or nitro; R 7 is H, C r Cg alkyl, or C -C 6 alkenyl; and R 8 is H; Preferred 7. Compounds of Preferred 6 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. Preferred 8. Compounds of Preferred 1 wherein: Q is Q-3. Preferred 9. Compounds of Preferred 8 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C r C 3 alkyl, C r C 3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 9 is H, C ] -C 3 alkyl, or cyclopropyl; and R 10 is H or C 2 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl. Preferred 10. Compounds of Preferred 9 wherein: r is 2. Preferred 1 1. Compounds of Preferred 1 wherein: Q is Q-4. Preferred 12. Compounds of Preferred 1 1 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy. halogen or nitro; R 1 ! is C3-Cg cycloalkyl or C -C halocycloalkyl, each optionally substituted with 1 -4 C r C 3 alkyl; and R 12 is cyano or C 2 -Cg alkoxycarbonyl. Preferred 13. Compounds of Preferred 12 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. Most preferred are compounds of Formula la above, and sodium, potassium, and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, selected from the group: a) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[ 1 ]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l ,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide; b) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[lJbenzothiopyrano[4,3-r]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]- l,3-cyclohexanedione S,5-dioxide; c) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- ]pyrazoI-8- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl- 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione S,5-dioxide; d) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyI[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8-yl)( l - ethyl-5-hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone 5,5-dioxide; e) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[ l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide; and 0 2-[(4,5-dihydro-2,7,10-trimethyl-2H[l]benzothiepino[5,4- yrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dιoxide. This invention also relates to herbicidal compositions comprising herbicidally effective amounts of the compounds of Formula I and at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent. The preferred compositions of the present invention are those which comprise the above preferred compounds. This invention also relates to a method for controlling undesired vegetation comprising applying to the locus of the vegetation herbicidally effective amounts of the compounds of Formula I (e.g., as a composition described herein). The preferred methods of use are those involving the above preferred compounds. DETAILS OF THE INVENTION The compounds of Formula I can be prepared by one or more of the following methods and variations as described in Schemes 1-24 The definitions ol Q, X, Y, Z, R -R 19 , m, n, p and r in the compounds of Formulae 1-27 below are as defined above in the Summary of the Invention Compounds of Formulae la-Ig arc vaπous subsets ol the compounds of Formula I, and all substituents for Formulae la-Ig arc as defined above foi Formula I Compounds of General Formula Id can be readily prepared by one skilled in the art by using the reactions and techniques described in Schemes 1- 16 ol this section as well as by following the specific proceduics given in Examples 1 2 and 4 Id Scheme 1 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula Id (R 4 = OR 14a and R 14a is the same as R' 4 as described in the Summary of the Invention excluding H) whereby a compound of Formula Id (R 4 = OH) is reacted with a reagent of Foimula 1 in the presence of a base wherein X' is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, tπfluotosulfonyloxv (OTf), or acetyloxy (OAc) and R 14a is as previously delined The couphng is earned out by methods known in the ait (or by slight modification of these m.thods) for example, see K Nakamura, et al , WO 95/04054 Scheme 1 Id (R = OH) + R l4aχ l Id (R = OR 1 ' i ι base Compounds of Formula Id (R 4 = Nu, Nu = SR 14b or OR 14c , R 1 b is H, C r C 6 alkyl or C,-C 6 haloalkyl, R 14c is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C,-C 6 haloalkyl or C 2 C 6 alkoxyalkyl) can be prepared by one skilled in the art from a compound of Formula Id (R 4 = halogen) by treatment with a nucleophile of Formula 2 (Nu = SR 14b or OR 14 , M = Na, K, or Li) as shown in Scheme 2 using methods well documented in the literature (or slight modification of these methods) for example, see S Miyano, et al J Chem Soc , Perkin Trans 1 ( 1976), 1 146 Scheme 2 Id (R 4 = halogen) + MSR 14b or MOR 14c - Id <R 4 = SR 1 4h or OR 14 ) Compounds of Formula Id (R 4 = halogen) can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula Id (R 4 = OH) with a halogenating reagent such as oxalyl bromide or oxalyl chloride (Scheme 3). This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example see S. Muller, et al., WO 94/13619; S. Muller, et al., DE 4,241 ,999. Scheme 3 Id (R 4 = OH) Id (R 4 = halogen) halogenating reagent (e.g., oxalyl bromide, oxalyl chloride) Scheme 4 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula Id (R 4 = OH), whereby an enol ester of Formula 3 is reacted with a base such as triethylamine in the presence of a catalytic amount of cyanide source (e.g., acetone cyanohydrin or potassium cyanide). This rearrangement is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example see W. J. Michaely, EP 369,803. Scheme 4 base (e.g., triethylamine) cyanide source in catalytic amount (e.g., acetone cyano¬ hydrin or potassium cyanide) Enol esters of Formula 3 can be prepared by reacting a dione of Formula 4 with an acid chloride of Formula 5 in the presence of a slight mole excess of a base such as triethylamine in an inert organic solvent such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride or toluene at temperatures between 0 °C and 110 °C (Scheme 5). This type of coupling is known in the art: for example, see W. J. Michaely, EP 369,803. Scheme 5 The acid chlorides of Formula 5 can be prepared by one skilled in the art by reacting an acid of Formula 6 with chlorinating agents such as oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride and a catalytic amount of dimethyiformamide (Scheme 6). This chlorination is well known in the art: for example, see W. J. Michaely, EP 369,803 Scheme 6 Scheme 7 illustrates the preparation of acids of Formula 6 (X = S(0) r ; r - 1 or 2) whereby an acid of Formula 6 (X = S) is reacted with an oxidizing reagent such as peroxyacetic acid, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, Oxonc®, or hydrogen peroxide (the reaction may be buffered with a base such as sodium acetate or sodium carbonate). The oxidation is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see B. M. Trost, et al., J. Org. Chem. (1988), 53, 532, B. M. Trost, et al., Tetrahedron Lett. (1981), 21, 1287; S. Palai, el al., The Chemistry of Sulphones and Sulphoxides, John Wiley & Sons. For some acids of Formula 6 (X = S) with a functional group not compatible with the reaction conditions, the functional group may be protected before the oxidation and then be deprotected after the oxidation. The protecting and deprotecting procedures are wel known in the literature: for example see T. W. Greene, et al.. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (Second Edition), John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Scheme 7 oxidizing agent 6 <X = S(0) r , r = 1 or 2) Scheme 8 illustrates the preparation of acids of Formula 6 (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) whereby a phenyl bromide of Formula 7 (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) is treated with n-butyllithium (or magnesium) and the lithium salt (or the Grignard reagent) generated in situ is then reacted with carbon dioxide followed by acidification with an acid such as hydrochloric acid. This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see M. A. Ogliaruso, et al., Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids, Esters and Their Derivatives, pp 27-28, John Wiley & Sons; A. J. Bridges, et al., J. Org. Chem. (1990), 55, 773; C. Franke, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (1969), <_ , 68. Protecting and deprotecting functional groups not compatible with the reaction conditions may be necessary for compounds with such a functional group. Scheme 8 7 (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) 6 (r = () ι X = S(0) r ) Scheme 8a illustrates the preferred method for the preparation of acids of Formula 6 (r = 2 if X = S(O) r ) whereby a phenyl bromide of Formula 7 (r = 2 if X = S(O) r ) is treated with copper cyanide followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate nitrile to the carboxylic acid. This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see L. Friedman and H. Shechter J. Org. Chem. (1961 ), 26, 2522. Protecting and deprotecting functional groups not compatible with the reaction conditions may be necessary for compounds with such a functional group. Scheme 8a 7 (r = 2 if X = S(0) r ) 6 (r = 2 if X = S(0) r ) Phenyl bromides of Formula 7 (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) can be readily prepared by one skilled in the art by using the reactions and techniques described in Schemes 9-14 (or by slight modification of these methods). Scheme 9 illustrates the preparation of phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7b (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) whereby a ketone of Formula 8 is reacted with a hydrazine of Formula 9. Some of the immediate products from the reactions of Scheme 9 may be further modified (e.g., conversion of OH on the pyrazole ring to Cl by treatment with POCl 3 or /V-alkylation of the 1-H-pyrazole with an alkylating reagent such as ethyl bromide or ethyl sulfate) to give the desired phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) and Formula 7b (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ). The above-mentioned reactions are carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see A. R. Katritzky, et al., Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 5, p 121 and pp 277-280, ( 1984) Pergamon Press; M. Hauser, el al., J. Org. Chem. ( 1961), 26, 451 E. F. M. Stephenson, Org. Synth. ( 1949), 29, 54. Scheme 9 7b R 1 7 = H or C r C 4 alkyl R ' ° a = R 18 excluding halogen, cyano, and nitro Alternatively, many phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7b (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) can also be prepared by reacting a ketone of Formula 10 with a hydrazine of Formula 9 (Scheme 10) in an inert organic solvent such as acetonitrile, ethanol or toluene at temperatures between 0 °C and 1 10 °C for a period of time ranging from 1 hour to 3 days. The reaction mixture is then concentrated and the resulting residue is flash column chromatographed over silica gel with eluents such as mixtures of ethyl acetate and hexanes to give the phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7b (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ). Phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (Rl ? = H; r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) or Formula 7b (R ] 7 = H; r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) may be further /V-alkylated with an alkylating reagent such as ethyl bromide or ethyl sulfate to give the phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (R 17 = C r Cg alkyl; r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7b (R 17 = C r C 6 alkyl; r = 0 if X = S(O) r ). Phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (X = S(0) r and r = 0) and Formula 7b (X = S(O) r and r = 0) can also be oxidized to compounds of Formula 7a (X = S(0) r and r = 1 or 2) and Formula 7b (X = S(O) r and r = 1 or 2) by employing similar methods as described for Scheme 7. Scheme 10 7b 1 Kb _ H or C j -Cg alkyl Similarly, phenyl bromides of Formula 7c (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7d (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) can also be prepared by reacting a ketone of Formula 8 or Formula 10 with hydroxylamine or hydroxylamine hydrochloride (Scheme 1 1 ). Some of the immediate products from the reactions of Scheme 1 1 may be further modified (e.g., conversion of OH on the isoxazole ring to CI by treatment with POC1 ( ) to give the desired phenyl bromides of Formula 7a (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) and Formula 7b (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ). The above-mentioned conversions are carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see A. R. Katritzky, et al., Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 6, pp 61-64 and p 1 18, ( 1984) Pergamon Press; H. Boshagen, Chem. Ber. , ( 1967), 100, 3326. Scheme 7d Scheme 12 illustrates the preparation of phenyl bromides of Formula 7e (r = 0 if X = S(O) r ) whereby a ketone of Formula 8 or Formula 10 is reacted with an amidine of Formula 1 1. Some of the immediate products from the reactions of Scheme 12 may be further modified (e.g., conversion of OH on the pyrimidine ring to Cl by treatment with POCI 3 or conversion of NH 2 on the pyrimidine ring to Cl by treatment with NaN0 2 /HCl H 2 0). The above-mentioned reactions are carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see A. R. Katritzky, et al., Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 3, p 1 12-1 14, (1984) Pergamon Press; D. J. Brown, et al., ./. Chem. Soc. C. (1967), 1922; I. Kogon, et al., Org. Synth. ( 1963), IV, 182. 7e R 1 8c = H, C , -C 4 alkyl, OH or NH 2 Scheme 13 illustrates the preparation of phenyl bromides of Formula 7f (r = 0 if X = S(0) r ) whereby a ketone of Formula 12 is reacted with a hydrazine of Formula 9. This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see A. R. Katritzky, et al., Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 5, pp 278-279, (1984) Pergamon Press. Scheme 13 12 ring if appropriate 71 Other phenyl bromides of Formula 7 can be prepared in an analogous manner using methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see A. R. Katritzky, et al., Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volumes 2-6, (1984) Pergamon Press; E. Campaigne, et al., J. Heterocycl. Chem., ( 1969), 553; A. N. Fujiwara, J. Heterocycl. Chem., (1968), 853. The ketones of Formula 8 can be prepared by one skilled in the art by reacting a ketone of Formula 13 with an anhydride of Formula 14 (or an acyl chloride of Formula 15) and a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid such as boron trifluoride (Scheme 14). This conversion is well known in the art: for example, see A. Philipp, et al, Can. J. Chem., (1979), 57, 3292; B. M. Perfetti, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, ( 1953), 75, 626. Scheme 14 13 The ketones of Formula 10 can be prepared by one skilled in the art by reacting a ketone of Formula 13 with an amide dimethyl acetal of Formula 16 (Scheme 15). This conversion is well known in the art: for example, see G. Litkei, et al.. Org. Prep. Proced. Int., (1990), 22, 47-56; N. Dereu, et al., J. Organomet. Chem.. ( 1981 ), 208. 1 1; B. Gammill., Synthesis, (1979), 901. Scheme 15 16 13 ► 10 The ketones of Formula 12 can be prepared by one skilled in the art by reacting a ketone of Formula 13 with an aldehyde or a ketone of Formula 17 (or its equivalent) in the presence of an acid or a base as shown in Scheme 16. This conversion is well known in the art: for example, see J. L. Gras., Tetrahedron Lett., ( 1978), 21 1 1 ; L. Engman, et al., Tetrahedron Lett., (1981 ), 5251; A. Roedig, et al., Chem. Ber., ( 1960), 2294; T. Girija, et al., J. Chem. Soc, Perk. Trans. 1, (1991), 1467; A J. Laurent, et al.. Tetrahedron Lett., ( 1992) 8091. Scheme 16 17 13 12 acid or base The ketones of Formula 13 can be prepared by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see W. Flemming, el al., Chem. her., (1925), 58, 1612; I. W. J. Still, et al., Can. J. Chem., ( 1976), 54. 453-470; V. J. Traynelis, et al., J. Org. Chem., ( 1961 ), 26, 2728; I. Nasuno, et al., WO 94/08988. Compounds of General Formula Ic can be readily prepared by one skilled in the art by using the reactions and techniques described in Schemes 17-19 of this section as well as by following the specific procedures given in Examples 3, 5, and 6. Ic Scheme 17 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula le (R 6a is OR 14 as described in the Summary of the Invention excluding OH) whereby a compound of Formula le ( R = OH) is reacted with a reagent of Formula 18 in the presence of a base wherein X 2 is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, OTf, or OAc and R 6a is as previously defined. This coupling is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see K. Nakamura, et al., WO 95/04054. Scheme 17 le (R 6 = OH) + R 14 X 2 le (R 6 = R 6a ) Scheme 18 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula le (R 6 = OH), whereby an ester of Formula 19 or its isomer 19a is reacted with a base such as triethylamine in the presence of a catalytic amount of cyanide source (e.g., acetone cyanohydrin or potassium cyanide). This rearrangement is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see W. J. Michaely, EP 369,803. Scheme 1 19a Esters of Formula 19 or amides of Formula 19a can be prepared by reacting a hydroxypyrazole of Formula 20 with an acid chloride of Formula 5 in the presence of a slight mole excess of a base such as triethylamine in an inert organic solvent such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride or toluene at temperatures between 0 °C and 1 10 °C (Scheme 19). This type of coupling is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see W. J. Michaely, EP 369,803. Scheme 19 20 Compounds of General Formula If can be readily prepared by one skilled in the art by using the reactions and techniques described in Schemes 20-23 of this section. If Scheme 20 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula If whereby a compound of Formula 21 is reacted with a salt of hydroxylamine such as hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a base or acid acceptor such as tnethylamine or sodium acetate The substituents of the immediate products may be further modified if appropπate This cyclization is carried out by methods known in the ait (or by slight modification of these methods) for example, see P A Cain, et al , EP 560,483, C J Pearson, et al , EP 636,622 Scheme 20 wherein L is a leaving group such as C ] C4al oxy (e g OC H5) or /V /V dialkylamino (e g dimethyl ammo) R l ϋa is H, C 2 Cg alkoxycarbonyl, C Cg haloalkoxvcarbonyl or CONH 2 Scheme 21 illustrates the preparation ot compounds of Formula 21 whereby a compound of Formula 22 is reacted with a reagent of Formula 23 or Formula 24 This conversion is earned out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods) for example, see P A Cain, et al , EP 560,483, C J Pearson, et al , EP 636,622 Scheme 21 Scheme 22 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula 22 whereby a ester of Formula 25 is decarboxylated in the presence of a catalyst, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, in an inert solvent such as toluene. This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or by slight modification of these methods): for example, see P. A. Cain, et al., EP 560,483; C. J. Pearson, et al., EP 636,622. Scheme 22 /Moluenesulfonic acid toluene 25 Esters of Formula 25 can be prepared by reacting the metal salt of a compound of Formula 26 with an acid chloride of Formula 5 (Scheme 23). This type of coupling is known in the art: for example see P. A. Cain, et al., EP 560,483; C. J Pearson, et al.. EP 636,622. Scheme 23 26 Scheme 24 illustrates the preparation of compounds of Formula Ig whereby a compound of Formula 5 is reacted with a compound of Formula 27 in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, potassium carbonate, sodium hydride or Mg(OEt) 2 in an ineit oigamc solvent such as diethyl ether, tetiahydiofuian N /V-dimethv lfoi n.amide dichloromethane oi acetonitnle Ig This conversion is carried out by methods known in the art (or slight modification of these methods), for example, see J W Ashmore, EP 213,892 and P A Cain, EP 496,631 Al Scheme 24 27 It is recognized that some reagents and reaction conditions described above for preparing compounds of Formula I may not be compatible with certain functionalities present in the intermediates In these instances, the incorporation of piotection/deprotection sequences or functional group interconversions into the synthesis will aid in obtaining the desired products The use and choice of the protecting groups will be apparent to one skilled in chemical synthesis (see, for example, Greene, T W , Wuts. P G M Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 2nd ed , Wiley New York, 1991 ) One skilled in the art will recognize that, in some cases. after the introduction of a given reagent as it is depicted in any individual scheme, it may be necessary to perform additional routine synthetic steps not described in detail to complete the synthesis of compounds of Formula I One skilled in the art will also recognize that compounds of Formula I and the intermediates described herein can be subjected to various electrophilic, nucleophihc, radical, organometalhc, oxidation, and reduction reactions to add substituents or modify existing substituents Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiling of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Percentages are by weight except for chromatographic solvent mixtures or where otherwise indicated. Parts and percentages for chromatographic solvent mixtures are by volume unless otherwise indicated. Η NMR spectra are reported in ppm downficld from tetramethylsilane; s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet. Example 1 Step A: Preparation of 3-[(2,5-dimethylphenyl)thio1propanoic acid 43.4 g ( 1.086 mol) of sodium hydroxide was added to 230 mL of water, 75.0 g (0.543 mol) of 2,5-dimethylthiophenol (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was then added and the mixture was cooled to about 10 °C. 91.30 g (0.597 mol) of 3-bromopropionic acid (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added in portions keeping the temperature below 25 °C. The mixture was warmed to room temperature, stirred for 2 hr under nitrogen, and was then washed with diethyl ether (3 x 500 mL). The aqueous layer was acidified with I N HCl and filtered to yield 1 12.79 g of the title compound of Step A as a solid melting at 97-98 °C. l U NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 2.3 (s,3H), 2.34 (s,3H), 2.68 (t,2H), 3.1 (t,2H), 6.9 (d, lH). 7.06-7.14 (m,2H). Step B: Preparation of 2,3-dihydro-5,8-dimethyl-4H-l -benzothiopyran-4-one 530 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to 24.91 g (0. 1 19 mol ) of the title compound of Step A while being cooled with an acetone/ice bath. The ice bath was removed, the mixture stirred for 1 hr and was then poured over crushed ice. The aqueous layer was extracted with a 1 : 9 mixture of diethyl ether : hexane (6 x 500 mL), dried (MgSO4), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 1 1.75 g of the title compound of Step B as an oil. lΗ NMR (CDCI3): δ 2.3 (s,3Η), 2.6 ( s,3Η), 2.97 (m,2H), 3.2 (m,2H), 6.9-7.1 (m,2H). Step C: Preparation of 6-bromo-2,3-dihydro-5,8-dimethyl-4-- - l -benzothiopyran-4- one A solution of 4.07 g (0.021 mol) of the title compound of Step B in 25 mL of methylene chloride was added dropwise to a mixture of 7.07 g (0.053 mol ) of aluminum chloride (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) and 25 mL of methylene chloride. The suspension was stirred for approximately 15 minutes, 1 .14 mL (0.022 mol) of bromine (purchased from Janssen ) was added dropwise and the mixture was refluxed for 10 minutes. The hot mixture was poured into 10 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid containing 75 g of ice, stirred for 10 minutes, diluted with 50 mL of water, and extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 200 mL). The organic layer was washed with water (2 x 200 mL), dried (Na 2 SO4), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with ethyl acetate : hexane {5 c /< : 95%) to yield 2.62 g of the title compound of Step C as a solid melting at 87-88 °C. iH NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 2.3 (s,3H), 2.6 (s,3H), 3.0 (m,2H), 3.2 (m,2H). 7.45 (s. l ll ). Step D: Preparation of 6-biOmo-3-[(dimethylamino)methylenc 1-2,3-dihydι Ό-5,8- dimethyl-4H- 1 -benzothiopyran-4-one 20.0 g (0.074 mole) of the title compound of Step C and 1 0 mL of NN-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) were stirred under nitrogen at reflux overnight. The mixture was concentrated, the residue was stirred in water, and filtered. The solid was dissolved in methylene chloride, dried (MgS04), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 21.54 g of the title compound of Step D as an oil. ] H ΝMR (CDCI3): δ 2.49 (s,3H), 2.56 (s.3H), 3. 16 (s,6H), 3.86 (s,2H), 7.34 (s, lH), 7.57 (s,lH). Step E: Preparation of 8-bromo-2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[ 1 lbenzothiopyrano[4,3- c Ipyrazole 4.53 mL (0.085 mol) of methyl hydrazine (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added dropwise to a mixture of 21.54 g (0.066 mol) of the title compound of Step D in 1 15 mL of ethanol. The mixture was stirred at reflux under nitrogen for 5 hr and was then evaporated to dryness. The crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of ( 1 : 9) ethyl acetate : hexane to yield two components. Concentration of the major fraction yielded 14.72 g of the title compound of Step E as an oil; lj_ ΝMR (CDCI3): δ 2.3 (s,3H), 2.82 (s,3H), 3.76 (s,2H), 3.9 (s,3H), 7.2 (s, IH), 7.3 (s,lH). Concentration of the minor fraction yielded 3.87 g of the isomer 8-bromo- l ,4-dihydro- l ,6,9-trimethyl[l]bcnzothiopyrano[4,3- yrazole as an oil; Η ΝMR (CDCI3): δ 2.3 (s,3H), 2.46 (s,3H), 3.75 (s,3H), 3.59 and 3.81 (2d,2H), 7.4 (s,lH), 7.45 (s, lH). Step F: Preparation of 2.4-dihydro-2.6,9-trimethyl[ nbenzothiopyrano 4,3-rlpyrazole- 8-carboxylic acid 3.73 mL (0.050 mol) of bromoethane (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added dropwise to a mixture of 2.1 1 g (0.088 mol) of magnesium in 70 mL of tetrahydrofuran. After stirring for 10 minutes, a solution of 7.77 g (0.025 mol) of the title compound of Step E in 100 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise and the mixture stirred at reflux under nitrogen overnight. After cooling to room temperature, carbon dioxide was bubbled into the mixture for 1 hr keeping the temperature below 20 °C. 55 mL of 10% hydrochloric acid was added dropwise and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 hr at room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness, extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 250 mL), dried (Νa 2 SO 4 ), filtered, and evaporated to dryness. The residue was triturated in hexane, the hexane was decanted, and the residue was dissolved in IM sodium carbonate. The aqueous solution was extracted with diethyl ether (3 x 200 mL), acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and extracted with diethyl ether (3 x 300 mL). The combined organic layers were dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 2.55 g of the title compound of Step F as a solid melting at 195 °C (decomposed). ' H NMR (Mc 2 SO-d 6 ): δ 2.3 (s, 3H), 2.77 (s,3H), 3.89 (m,5H), 7.4 (s, lH), 7.6 (s, lH). Step G: Preparation of 2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[ l]benzothiopyran[4,3-- lpyrazole- 8-carboxylic acid 5,5-dioxide 6.70 mL (0.066 mol) of hydrogen peroxide (35%) was added to 50 mL of trifluoroacetic acid, and allowed to stir under nitrogen for 30 minutes. The solution was cooled to about 0 °C, and 4.46 g (0.016 mol) of the title compound of Step F was added in portions while keeping the temperature below 15 °C. The mixture stirred at room temperature overnight and then 2 mL of methyl sulfide was added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 15 minutes and was then evaporated to dryness. The residue was triturated in a mixture of diethyl ether : hexane (8 : 2), allowed to stand overnight, and the organic mixture was decanted. The residue was triturated in water, and an orange solid was removed. The orange solid was dissolved in 250 mL of chloroform, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield a portion of the title compound of Step G. The diethyl ether : hexane (8 : 2) decant was concentrated, the residue was triturated in water, and the water was decanted. The residue was dissolved in chloroform, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield the title compound of Step G. The two products were combined to yield 3.62 g of the title compound of Step G as a semi-solid. J H NMR (Me 2 SO-</ 0 ): δ 2.63 (s.3H), 2.7 (s,3H), 3.9 (s,3H), 4.7 (s,2H), 7.5 (s,lH), 7.8 (s,lH). Step H: Preparation of 3-oxo- l-cylcohexen-l-yl 2,4-dihydro-2,6,9- trimethylf llbenzothiopyrano[4,3-.lpyrazole-8-carboxylate 5.5-dioxide 3.62 g (0.01 18 mol) of the title compound of Step G, 3.09 mL (0.035 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchase from Janssen), and 2 drops of N,N-dιmethylformamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 2 hr, and was then evaporated to dryness. 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and was then evaporated to dryness. Another 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue, and the solution was cooled to about 0 °C. 1.46 g (0.013 mol) of 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added followed by 5.1 mL (0.0366 mol) of triethylamine, and the mixture was stirred overnight while warming to room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness, and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of methylene chloride : diethyl ether (9 : 1) to yield 1.53 g of the title compound of Step H as a solid melting at 158- 160 °C. ^ NMR (CDC1 ): δ 2.2 (m,2H), 2.5 (m,2H), 2.7 (m,2H), 2.78 (s,3H), 2.9 (s,3H), 3.99 (s,3H), 4.39 (s,2H), 6. 1 (s. lll). 7.5 (s. lH), 7.6 (s,lH). Step I: Preparation of 2-f(2 t 4-dihydro-2,6.9-trimcthyiπ ibenzothiopyrano|4,3- clpyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl1-l ,3-cyclohexanedione S -dioxide 1.44 g (0.0036 mol) of the title compound of Step H, 2 drops of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 0.88 L (0.0063 mol) of triethylamine were added to 100 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir overnight at room temperature under nitrogen. About 0.10 g of potassium cyanide was added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hr. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and water was added to the residue. The mixture was acidified to pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and then filtered to provide the crude product. The crude product was dissolved in methylene chloride and the solution was dried (MgSO4), filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 0.79 g of the title compound of Step I, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at 228 °C (dec ). l H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.96 (m,2H), 2.4 (m,2H), 2.48 (s,3H), 2.6 (s,3H), 2.7 (m,2H), 3.8 (s.3H ), 4.27 (s,2H), 6.8 (s, lH), 7.3 (s, lH). Example 2 Step A: Preparation of l ,4-dihydro- l ,6,9-trimethyl|T lbenzothiopyrano[4.3-- lpyrazole- 8-carboxylic acid 6.74 g (0.021 mol) of 8-bromo- l ,4-dihydro- l ,6,9-trimethyl[ l ]benzo- thiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazole (from Example 1 , Step E) was added to 150 mL of tetrahydrofuran and cooled to -70 °C. 10.4 mL (0.026 mol) of 2.5 M n-butyllithium in hexanes (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added dropwise keeping the temperature below -60 °C. After stirring for 10 minutes, carbon dioxide was bubbled into the mixture for 1 hr. The mixture warmed to room temperature, 200 mL of hexane was added, and then the mixture was filtered. The solid was added to 300 mL of water, acidified to about pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and then filtered. The filtered residue was dissolved in chloroform and the solution was dried (MgS04), filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield 4.02 g of the title compound of Step A as a solid melting at >230 °C. »H NMR (CDCI3): δ 2.4 (s,3H), 2.7 (s,3H), 3.77 (s,3H), 3.67 and 3.88 (2d,2H), 7.48 (s, lH), 7.88 (s, lH). Step B: Preparation of l ,4-dihvdro-l ,6,9-trimethyiπ ibenzothiopyrano[4,3-rlpyrazole- 8-carboxylic acid 5,5-dioxide 5.8 mL (0.0598 mol) of 35% hydrogen peroxide was added to 50 mL of trifluoroacetic acid and the mixture was allowed to stir under nitrogen for 30 minutes. The solution was cooled to about 0 °C, 4.0 g (0.0145 mol) of the title compound of Step A was added in portions while keeping the temperature below 1 °C, the mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 2 days. 2 mL of methyl sulfide was added to the mixture. The mixture was allowed to stir for 15 minutes and was then evaporated to dryness. The residue was stirred in a diethyl ether : hexane (8 : 2) mixture for 30 minutes and- filtered to yield approximately 6.0 g of the title compound of Step B as a solid melting at >210°C. *H NMR (Me 2 SO-d 6 ): δ 2.5(s,3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 3.7 (s, 3H), 4.7 (m, 2H), 7.68 (s,lH), 7.8 (s, lH). Step C: Preparation of 3-oxo- l-cyclohexen-l -yl 1 ,4-dihydro- 1,6,9- trimethyl[llbenzothiopyranor4,3-clpyrazole-8-carboxylate 5,5-dioxide 2.0 g (0.0065 mol) of the title compound of Step B, 1.71 mL (0.0196 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchase from Janssen), and 2 drops of TV, /V-dimethy I formamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was relluxed under nitrogen for 2 h and was then evaporated to dryness. 50 L of methylene chloride was added to the residue and it was then evaporated to dryness. Another 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and the solution was cooled to about 0 °C. 0.80 g (0.0071 mol) of 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company) was added followed by 2.8 mL (0.020 mol) of triethylamine, and the mixture was stirred for 3 days while warming to room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate : hexane (6 : 4) to yield 0.86 g of the title compound of Step C as a solid melting at 196 °C (decomposed). 'H NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 2.2(m,2H), 2.5 (m,2H), 2.64 (s,3H), 2.7 (m,2H), 2.8 (s,3H), 3.8 (s,3H), 4.3 and 4.4 (2d, 2H), 6.06 (s.lH), 7.65 (s,lH), 7.94 (s,lH). Step D: Preparation of 2-\( 1 ,4-dihydro- 1,6,9-trimethyUl lbenzothiopyrano[4,3- c 1pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyll- 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione S,S-dioxide 0.80 g (0.0020 mol) of the title compound of Step C, 2 drops of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 0.49 mL (0.0035 mol) of triethylamine were added to 100 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir overnight at room temperature under nitrogen. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and water was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was acidified to pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and filtered to provide the crude product. The crude product was dissolved in methylene chloride and the solution was dried (MgSθ 4 ), filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield 0.47 g of the title compound of Step D, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at >220 °C. 'H NMR (CDCI3): δ 2.1 (m,2H), 2.3 (s,3H), 2.6-2.76 (m,7H), 3.8 (s,3H), 4.2-4.4 (m,2H), 6.98-7.6 (2H). Example 3 Step A: Preparation of 1 -ethyl- lH-pyrazol-5-yl l,4-dihydro-l,6,9- trimethyirilbenzothiopyranor4,3-clpyrazole-8-carboxylate 5,5-dioxide 2.0 g (0.0065 mol) of the title compound of Step B in Example 2, 1.71 mL (0.0196 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchase from Janssen), and 2 drops of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 2 h and was then evaporated to dryness. 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and it was evaporated to dryness. Anothcr 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and the solution was cooled to about 0 °C 0 80 g (0 0071 mol) of l-ethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-ol was added followed by 2 8 mL (0 020 mol) of tnethylamine, and the mixture was stirred for 3 days while warming to room temperature The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate hexane (6 4) to yield 040 g of the title compound of Step A as a solid melting at 173- 175°C ] Η NMR (CDC1 3 ) δ 1 5 (t,3H), 2 7 (s,3H), 2 8 (s,3H), 3 8 (s,3H), 4 1 (q,2H), 4 3 and 4 4 (2d,2H), 6 2-8 0 (4H) Step B Preparation of (l,4-dιhydro-l,6,9-trιmethyiπibenzothιopyrano[4,3-clpyrazol- 8-yl) (l-ethyl-5-hvdroxy- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone ,5-dιoxιde 0 38 g (0 95 mmol) of the title compound of Step A, 1 drop of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 0 23 mL ( 1 66 mmol) of tnethylamine were added to 50 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature undei nitrogen overnight The mixture was evaporated to diyness and water was added to the residue The resulting mixture was acidified to pΗ 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and filtered to yield 0 12 g of the title compound of Step B, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at 96 °C (decomposed) ] Η NMR (CDCI 3 ) δ 1 5 (t,3H), 2 60 (s,3H), 2 76 (s,3H), 3 83 (s.3H), 4 0-4 4 (m,4H), 7 4-7 8 (m,3H) Example 4 Step A Preparation of 3-[(4-bromo-2.5-dιmethylphenyl)thιo1propanoιc acid 25 23 g (0 12 mol) of the title compound of Example 1 , Step A was dissolved in 250 mL of dichloromethane and cooled to 5 °C A solution of 19 12 g (0 12 mol) of bromine in 25 mL of dichloromethane was added dropwise ovei 45 minutes, keeping the reaction temperature at 5 °C The reaction was then allowed to warm to loom temperature, diluted with 200 mL of dichloromethane and v. ashed twice with 400 mL of water The organice layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 34 35 g of the title compound of step A as a white solid melting at 105-107 °C ] H NMR (CDCI 3 ) 6 2 33 (s,3H), 2 34 (s, 3H), 2.67 (t, 2H), 3 10 (t, 2H), 7 18 (s, IH), 7 36 (s, IH) Step B Preparation of 6-bromo-2,3-dιhydro-5,8-dιmethyl-4H- 1 -benzothιopyran-4- one 19 50 g (67 4 mmol) of the title compound of Step A was dissolved in 156 mL of dichloromethan and cooled to 5 °C 78 mL of concentrated sulfuπc acid was added dropwise over 45 minutes with vigorous stirring and the reaction was then allowed to stir at 5 °C for 1 5 hours The reaction was poured into 500 mL of ice water, the layers were separated and the aqueous phase extracted twice with 300 mL of dichloiomethane The combined organic layers were washed twice with 1 0 N NaOH, once with water dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to vield 16 04 g of the title compound of Step B as a yellow solid melting at 86-87 °C. ' H NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 3.00 (t, 2H), 3.19 (I, 2H), 7.45 (s, IH). Step C: Preparation of 8-bromo-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[l lbenzothiopyrano[4,3- clpyrazole 2.80 g (10 mmol) of the title compound of Step B and 1.79 g( 15 mmol) of NN- dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal were dissolved in 16 mL of ethyl acetate and heated to reflux. The methanol/ethyl acetate mixture was removed via a Dean Stark trap and was replaced with fresh ethyl acetate. After heating to reflux for 4 hours, the reaction was cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand overnight. It was then reluxed further for 2 hours, cooled to 60 °C, and 0.75 g ( 15 mmol) of hydrazine monohydrate was added. The reaction was reheated to reflux for 1 hour, cooled to room temperature, and diluted to 100 mL with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed twice with 100 mL of water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 3.10 g of an oily yellow solid. This solide was triturated with hexanes, collected by filtration, washed further with hexanes, and dried to yield 2.79 g of the title compound of Step C as a pale yellow solid melting at 162- 164 °C. ] H ΝMR (CDCI 3 ): δ 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.79 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 7.35 (s, IH), 7.46 (s, IH), 10.4 (br s). Step D: Preparation of 8-bromo-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9- dimethyU 1 ]benzothiopyrano[4,3-, lpyrazole A mixture of 6.09 g (20 mmol) of the title compound of Step C, 1.52 g (23 mmol) of potassium hydroxide, 0.31 g (5% by weight of the title compound of Step C) of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, 25 mL of toluene, and 25 mL of water was stirred fo 15 minutes at room temperature. 3.85 g (25 mmol) of diethyl sulfate was added and the reaction stirred vigorously for 6.5 hours. The reaction was then diluted with 250 mL of ethyl acetate, washed twice with 100 L of 1.0 Ν HCl, once with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude oi! was dissolved in 300 mL of methanol, 3 mL of a 25% sodium methoxide/methanol solution was added and the resulting solution was concentrated at 60 °C under reduced pressure. The mixture was then redissolved in diethyl ether and 1.0 Ν HCl, the layers were separated, and the organic phase was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 6.50 g of a reddish oil. GC analysis showed a ratio of approximately 10: 1 of the title compound of Step D to the 1- ethyl isomer. *H ΝMR (CDCI 3 ): δ 1.52 (t, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 4.18 (q, 2H), 7.23 (s, IH), 7.30 (s, IH). Step E: Preparation of 8-bromo-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9- dimethyl[llbenzothiopyranof4,3- lpyrazole 5,5-dioxide 6.42 g (approximately 17 mmol) of the crude title compound of Step D, 32 mL of glacial acetic acid, and 12 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid were heated to 70 °C. The heat source was removed and 7.76 g (80 mmol) of 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide was added dropwise over 15 minutes, keeping the reaction temperature at about 70 °C. After 1 hour at 73-74 °C, the reaction was cooled to room temperature, poured into 400 mL of ethyl acetate, washed with 400 mL of water, 400 mL of aqueous sodium meta- bisulfite, aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and brine. A check for peroxides with starch- iodide paper was negative. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 6.90 g of a yellow solid. This solid was dissolved in 100 mL of dichloromethane and rinsed through a one inch bed of silica gel which was further rinsed with one liter of dichloromethane. The combined rinses were concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 5.70 g of the title compound of Step E as an off-white solid melting at 138-141 °C. ] H NMR (CDC1 ): δ 1.54 (t, 3H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 4.22 (q, 2H), 4.35 (s, 2H), 7.44 (s, IH), 7.50 (s, I H). Step F: Preparation of 2-ethyl-2,4-dihydiO-6,9-dimefhviπ 1benzothiopyrano[4,3- clpyrazole-8-carbonitrile 5,5-dioxide 3.00 g (8 mmol) of the title compound of Step E, 1.07 g (12 mmol) of copper (I) cyanide, and 50 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were heated to reflux fo 5.5 hours and then let stir at room temperature overnight. The reaction was then diluted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate, washed twice with 200 mL of a solution of 50% saturated ammonium chloride in water with 20 mL of 35% ammonium hydroxide added, washed twice with 300 mL of water, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 2.50 g of a tan solid. This solid was dissolved in 50 mL of dichloromethane and rinsed through a one inch bed of silica gel, which was further rinsed with 500 mL of dichloromethane and then 200 mL of 10% ethyl acetate:dichloromethane. The rinses were separately concentrated under reduced pressure. The dichloromethane rinse yielded 2.31 g of the title compound of Step F as an off-white solid melting at 185-187 °C. l H NMR (CDCI 3 ): δ 1.53 (t, 3H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 4.20 (q, 2H), 7.26 (s, IH), 7.27 (s, IH). Step G: Preparation of 2-ethyl-2,4-dihvdro-6,9-dimethyirilbenzothiopyrano[4,3- clpyrazole-8-carboxylic acid 5.5-dioxide 1.00 g (3.2 mmol) of the title compound of Step F, 2 mL of water, and 6 mL of sulfuric acid were heated to 140 °C for one hour. The reaction was allowed to cool to 60 °C and 0.25 g of sodium nitrite in 1 mL of water was added dropwise over 30 minutes and stirring was continued for another 30 minutes. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, poured into 25 mL of ice water and the resulting solid was isolated by filtration and washed with 5 mL of cold water. Drying overnight yielded 1.02 g of a tan solid. The aqueous filtrate was extracted three times with 50 mL of dichloromethane and the organic phases were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 0.36 g of a brown oil. This oil and the isolated solid were dissolved in 50 mL of 1.0 N sodium hydroxide, washed with 25 mL of diethyl ether, acidified with concentrated HCl, and extracted four times with 50 mL of ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 0.98 g of the title compound of Step G as a tan solid melting at 204-206 °C. Η NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 1.53 (t, 3H ), 2.38 ( s, 3H ), 2.99 (s. 3H), 3.83 (s, 2H), 4.21 (q, 2H), 7.26 (s, IH), 7.68 (s, IH). Step H: Preparation of 3-oxo- 1 -cyclohexen- 1 -yl 2-ethy l-2,4-dihvdro-6.9- dimethyl[l lbenzothiopyrano 4,3-c1pyrazole-8-carboxylate 5,5-dioxide 6.0 g (0.019 mol) of the title compound of Step G, 4.9 mL (0.056 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchase from Janssen), and 2 drops of NN-dimethylformamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 2 hr and was evaporated to dryness. 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and it was evaporated to dryness. Another 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and the solution was cooled to about 0 °C. 2. 1 g (0.021 mol) of 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company ) was added followed by 8.1 mL (0.058 mol) of triethylamine and the mixture was stirred overnight while warming to room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate : hexane (6 : 4) to yield 1.78 g of the title compound of Step H as a solid melting at 160-162 °C. ! H ΝMR (CDCI3): δ 1.6 (t,3H), 2.2 (m,2H), 2.5 (m,2H), 2.7 (m,2H), 2.8 (s,3H), 2.9 (s,3H), 4.2 (q,2H), 4.4 (m,2H), 6.07 (s,lH), 7.46-7.6 (m,2H). Step I: Preparation of 2-l(2-ethyl-2,4-dihvdro-6,9-dimethylf l Ibenzothiopyr anor4,3- lpyrazol-8-yl)carbonvn-l ,3-cyclohcxanedione S.S-dioxide 1.70 g (0.0041 mol) of the title compound of Step H, 2 drops of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 1.0 mL (0.0072 mol) of triethylamine were added to 100 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature under nitrogen overnight. About 0.05 g of potassium cyanide was then added to the mixture and it was stirred for 4 h. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and water was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was acidified to pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and filtered to yield 1.51 g of the title compound of Step I, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at 205 °C (decomposed). ] U ΝMR (CDCI3): δ 1.5 (t,3H), 2.06 (m,2H), 2.5 (m,2H), 2.6 (m,2H. , 2.7 (s,3H), 2.8 (m,2H), 4.2 (q,2H), 4.4 (m,2H), 6.9-7.4 (m,2H). Example 5 Step A: Preparation of 1 -ethyl- lH-pyrazol-5-yl 2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6.9- dimethylf l1benzothiopyrano|4,3-clpyrazole-8-carboxylate 5.5-dioxide 5.9 g (0.018 mol) of the title compound of Step G in Example 4, 4.8 mL (0.055 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchase from Janssen), and 2 drops of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 2 h and was then evaporated to dryness. 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and it was evaporated to dryness. Another 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and the solution was cooled to about 0°C. 2.48 g (0.022 mol) of 1 -ethyl- lH-pyrazol-5-ol was added followed by 7.97 mL (0.057 mol) of triethylamine, and the mixture was stirred overnight while warming to room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate : hexane (6 : 4) to yield 0.18 g of the title compound of Step A as a solid melting at 137°C (decomposed). J Η NMR (CDC1 3 ): δ 1.45 (t.3H), 1.56 (t,3H), 2.8 (s,3H), 2.9 (s,3H), 4.1 (m,2H), 4.3 (m,2H), 4.4 (m,2H), 6.3-7.7 (m,4H). Step B: Preparation of (2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl|Tlbenzothiopyranof4,3- c1pyrazol-8-yl)( l-ethyl-5-hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone ■S.S-dioxide 0.18 g (0.43 mmol) of the title compound of Step A, 0.50 drops of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 0.1 1 mL (0.76 mmol) of triethylamine were added to 25 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature under nitrogen overnight. About 0.05 g of potassium cyanide was added to the mixture and it was stirred for 4 h. About 0.03 g of potassium cyanide was then added and the mixture was allowed to stir for lh. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and water was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was then acidified to pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and filtered to yield 0.1 1 g of the title compound of Step B, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at 97 °C (decomposed). > H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.47 (t, 3H), 1.54 (t, 3H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.8 (s, 3H), 4.1 (q, 2H), 4.2 (q, 2H), 4.4 (m, 2H), 7.2-7.45 (m,3H). Example 6 Step A: Preparation of l-f(2,4-dihvdro-2.6,9-trimethyl[llbenzothiopyranor4,3- rlpyrazol-8-yl)carbonyll-2-ethyl-l ,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one S,S- dioxide 4.0 g (0.013 mol) of the title compound of Step G in Example 1, 3.42 mL (0.039 mol) of oxalyl chloride (purchased from Janssen) and 2 drops of N,N- dimethylformamide were added to 50 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed for 2 h and was then evaporated to dryness. 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and it was evaporated to dryness. Another 50 mL of methylene chloride was added to the residue and the solution was cooled to about 0 °C. 1.60 g (0.014 mol) of 1 -ethyl- lH-pyrazol-5-ol was added followed by 5.62 mL (0.040 mol) of triethylamine, and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen overnight while warming to room temperature. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude product was chromatographed over silica gel eluting first with a mixture of ethyl acetate : hexane (7 : 3) and then with ethyl acetate to yield 1.35 g of the title compound of Step A as a solid melting at >210 °C. Η NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.45 (s, IH), 7.2-7.35 (m, 2H), 5.74 (d, IH), 4.4 (m, 4H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 2.78 (s, 3H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 1.3 (t, 3H). Step B: Preparation of (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[T1benzothiopyrano[4,3- pyrazol- 8-yl)( l-ethyl-5-hvdroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone , '-dioxide 1.3 g (3.25 mmol) of the title compound of Step A, 1 drop of acetone cyanohydrin (purchased from Aldrich Chemical Company), and 0.79 mL (5.69 mmol) of triethylamine were added to 25 mL of acetonitrile and the mixture was allowed to stir al room temperature under nitrogen for 15 min. 0.06 g of potassium cyanide was then added and the mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature under nitrogen overnight. Another 0.03 g of potassium cyanide was added and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature under nitrogen for another 3 days. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and water was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was acidified to pH 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and filtered. The solid collected was dissolved in methylene chloride and the resulting solution was dried over MgSO and then concentrated to yield 0.48 g of the title compound of Step B, a compound of the invention, as a solid melting at 133 °C (decomposed ). 'H NMR (Me 2 SO-d 6 ): δ 7.86 (s, IH), 7.32 (s, IH), 7.25 (s, IH), 4.72 (s, 2H), 3.9-4.0 (m, 5H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 1.28 (t, 3H). By the procedures described herein together with methods known in the art, the following compounds of Tables 1 to 18 can be prepared. The following abbreviation is used in the Tables which follow: Ph = phenyl. Table 1 PhC(=0) H H PhC(=0) H H PhC(=0) H H PhC(=0)CH 2 H H PhC(=0)CH 2 H H PhC(=0)CH 2 H H 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) H H 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) H H 4-CH PhC(=0) Ii H CH S(0) 2 H H CH 3 S(0) 2 H H CH S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 H H PhS(0) 2 H H PhS(0) 2 H H PhS(0) 2 H H 4-CH PhS(0) 2 H H 4-CH PhS(0) 2 H H 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 H H 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 S(0) 2 CH S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 PhC(=0) PhC(=0) PhC(=0) PhC(=0)CH 2 PhC(=0)CH 2 PhC(=0)CH 2 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) 4-CH PhC(=0) 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH S(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 PhS(0) 2 4-CH PhS(0) 2 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 H Cl 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 H Cl PhC(=0) CH3 Cl PhC(=0) CH 3 Cl PhC(=0) CH 3 Cl PhC(=0)CH 2 CH 3 Cl PhC(=0)CH 2 CH 3 Cl PhC(=0)CH 2 CH 3 Cl 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 Cl 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 Cl 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 Cl CH 3 S(0) 2 CH3 Cl CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH3 Cl CH 3 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 S(0) 2 CH 3 Cl PhS(0) 2 CH 3 Cl PhS(0) 2 CH 3 Cl PhS(0) 2 CH 3 Cl 4-CH 3 PhS(0) CH3 Cl 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 CH3 l 4-CH 3 PhS(0) 2 CH 3 Cl PhC(=0) CH 3 CH 2 Cl PhC(=0) CH CH 2 Cl PhC(=0)CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 Cl PhC(=0)CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 Cl PhC(--0)CH 2 CH3CH0 Cl 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 CH 2 Cl 4-CH 3 PhC(=0) CH 3 CH 2 Cl 4-CH PhC(=0) CH CH 2 l CH 3 S(0) 2 CH CH 2 Cl CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 Cl CH 3 S(0) 2 CH 3 CH 2 Cl CH CH CH 3 CH3 CH CH CH3 CH3 CH3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH CH CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH CH CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH o o o o o o o o o o o O O O o o X X X X X X X i UJ X X Xi UXJ XJ UXJ UXJ UXJ X E E E UJ E E E E E X J o X X to E to E to E to E E to X E E E X X O E E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O x x x E H H CH H CH CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl C! H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 Cl H Cl CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H H H H CH 3 H H H CH3 CH 3 H H Cl H H H Cl CH 3 H H Cl Cl H H H H CH 3 H CH 3 H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 H Cl H CH 3 H o n n n n x o X x O O X O E E O O X X - X E ~ E E - E E n n o - x x o n o x x x x E E O E o n - E E - E E ~ x X X X X X H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl Cl H CH 3 CH Cl Cl Cl o o O O E O O E O O X X o O E o X x O X X E E X UJ UJ n E o o o - o o o x o o n n n n n n o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n x E X X E E E E E X E E E E -i v-C I-L Z MH ~ L* *-. -^ HM O- *-l— O E O O E O O E O O E O O E O O E O O E O O o o x o o x o o x o o x o o x EJ UEJ E E E E U EJ UEJ E E E UEJ O XJ XJ UXJ X UXJ X X U XJ X O E X O X X O X X O X E O X E O E O E O E E O E E O E E O E E O O O E E E O O O O O O E E E O O O O O O E E O p O O O O E E E O O O O O O X X X X — — ~ x x u> X E E E E x X x x x n Q o p o p p p o o o o o o n o o O X X E E E E E E E O O O O O O X O O O O O O O O O O O O O O n E E E E E E E X X X E E E E o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o E x ox ox ox ox x ox ox o X E O O O o o x o o x o o E E E E X X X X X O E O o X o o E E X X X O O O E E E O O O O E X X o o o o o o x x E E E — — — X X X - - - E E E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X X ~ X X X E E E E E E o o o o o o o o o o o— o— o— p o ox ox ox ox ox o o o o o o o o o o o o o o X X X X X X X X E E E X o o o X X E X o o o o o o o o o oμ- oμL( o0-i o-t oμ-H ho-U x X X o- o~ o- o- o- o- o- o- o- oχ oχ o o O O O O o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o O X x x x x x X X E E E E E E E E n o o n n n n n n o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o E O O O X O X E E X o o o o o o o n n n n o n o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o E E X X X E O O o E E E E E E E E E E E O X E O X X O X E O E E E E E E p p o o o o O O O O E E O O O O O O E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O E - E E _ E E ~ E E -~ "" E E E E E E E to to to to to to to to to to to to to to IO I J O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X to t t to to to t to to to J UJ UJ J UJ J O O O O O O O O O O X X X X X X X X E E IO io to IO > UJ UJ UJ UJ u> O O O O X X E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X X E E E E E E E O - O - O x O - O o o o O O E O O O O O O O O E O O O O O E E E - E - - X - X ~ E - E - _ E ~ E O o o X X O O O X X o o o X o o o O O O X E E X X X X X X - X X IJ to to to to io to to to to to to to to t to to to to to io to to to to to to to t IO " §. ' §. 3 j -α τ3 n n n n o o o o o o o o o x E E E CD CD C- CD Cϊ CD I—* 3 3 3 3 3 3 t IO tO tO tO tO tO IO IO IO to tO UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ _ '-≤. 1 _L ς _ M ^≤- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X X X X X X X X X X X io to to to to to O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n n n n n n n n n n 0 O O x — x — x — x — o Λ E — E Q __ n O X X X X X O O O E X X X X O O O O X E X E E o n n o E E E E E O X - - x - ~ E E _ - E E t to to to to to to to t to E E E E E E E E X x X X ^ X ~ ^X o— Xri n— X- n— ^X — ^E — ^E n— ^E n— ^E n— ^E n— ^E n— ^E o— ^E o— ^E o— ^E o— ^E o— tE o— ^E o— ^E o— E E E to to to t to to t t to to t to to t to t t to t to — — — n X E O E E O O x X O O O O O O O X X X E O O O O X E E E O O O E - - X o - - E E X X E - - X X to i to to to t t to to to O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X E E E E E cΛ Λ n cΛ cΛ cΛ n Λ Λ n cΛ n Λ n Λ n cΛ cΛ c n cΛ n cΛ cΛ Λ n cΛ n X — X — E — E — E — E — E — E — E — E — E — X — X — X — X — X — X — X — X — o o o o o o o o x o X X o o o ~ - χ χ - - χ x * "" * o"- X X o o oX oX o o X X X — to to to to to to to t to to to io to to to to to to t to o E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O n o o o o o o E E o o o o o o o o o o o o o o E E O O O O O O O E E - E E - - E E - - E E ~ - X X - - E E O O O E E E E E E O O O O E E E E E E O O E E E E E E O O E E E - E E - - E E E X ~ - E E to to to t to to to t t to O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o O O O o o o o o o o o o o o O o o o o o toE tX toX toX tX tX toX toX toX toX toX toX toX toX toX X X X X X X X X X X to to t t X X X E E E E E X X X X X O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X X UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ ^J UJ UJ UJ UJ '_J UJ o o o o o o n o o o o o o o n o o o o n o o o o o o o o o o n n n n n O O O O E \70 E - X - E x — n C n CΛ n n E - E - OH CH9CH3 H H H SH CH 9 CH3 H H H Cl CH 2 CH 3 H H H OH N0 2 H H H SH N0 2 H H H Cl N0 2 H H H OH 0CH 3 H H H SH OCH 3 H H H Cl OCH 3 H H H OH CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 H H SH CH CH 3 CH 3 H H Cl CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 H H OH N0 2 CH H H SH N0 2 CH 3 H H — X E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O X x X X X X X X X X E — E O X p o o o o o o o O O E E O O E E _ _ O_ O__ O_ O O O_ O EO EO OE OE OE OE OE EO O E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X X E E X X X X X X X X E o O CΛ o — X o X — ∞ E — E E O O O o o E E E E E E E E X O O n n n X X p o o o oX oX oX o X o O O O O — X E E E E E E E C z O n Λ Λ o O CΛ o O —i E — E E - E o n C E — E x — E E o b-U > - t L, ~~ -, *Σ* *J o o o o o o o n E E E E E E E E E n X o n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Q S O E Q g o O CΛ E — E O E - E o o o E E E X O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n n n n n n n n n n n n n n E O E 170 O O O E E X E - E E o o o z z z o X o o X to o to o to o o o E O O E E E E X O X X O X E E O E E E O O O O O O E E o o o o o n x O O O O O X E E ~~ ~~ X E E E E E ~ - - X X X o o E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o E E E E E E E E E O O O O O O X E O O O O E _H o O E o o \70 E E E E UJ J o E E O E E 50 E E I cr 150 o o o o o o o o o o o n n n o o o o o o O E O O E O O E O O E O O OJ OJ OJ OJ OJ OJ OJ OJ OJ X O X E E X O O E E E E E O E E O O E E O E E O O E E E E E E E E E E E E E E o o o o o o o o E E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E o O O O O O O O E E UEJ E E EJ E E O E E O E O E E O E E O E E E E O E E O X X O X O E O E E E E E E E E E E E E O O O O O E E E O O O o O O E E O O O O O O E E E O O O O O E E E E E E — ~ E E E E E E E o o o o o o o n n o o o o o o o o O E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O E E E E E E E E E ~ ~ X O O o O O O O E O O O O O E O O O O O E E E E E ■ " " E E E E E E O O X X X X X O O O O O O O O O X X X X X _EJ EJ -OE O O X E O O O O X x O O O E E ~ E E E - - O- OX O O X E E O O O O O O E E O O O O E E E E E - - - X E E O O O O O E E E E E E E n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n E E E E E E Ov X OS o o n ό ή O O E E O G κ O E E O X x O O X x 150 E E E E E E E E I ~- O X x o J X E O O O O O O n o x o o x X X X X E E O E E E E E O X X O X X O E O O E E O E O O E E E E E X X E E E E E E E O O E E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X X o o o X o o o o O O E O O o X X X E E E E E E O E E O E E O E O O E E O E O O E O E E E E E E E E E E E E Q O E X O E E X o O O O O o o o o o o O E E E O O O O E E E O O O O O O E X o - - X X E - - - E E E — — — X E E o o o o o n n o o o o o o o o n o E E lo t IO to to to to to to IO io to to to to O Ov a-, os o- v Os s Os ή O ή n ή ή n ή n n ή 0 ή ή ό ή ή ή ή n ό s ό o O O O ό O n ή ό ό ό n O E E X X X X E E E E E E E E E E E E o o E O O E O O E E O E E O E E O E E E E E X x X X X X to to t to to io O O O O O o E E E X X X n n n n n n n n o n o o o o o o o o o n n n n n n n n E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E O O O O O O o O O O O O O O O O O O X X X X E E E E E E o o o o o o o o n n X E E E E E E o o o n o o o o o o E n n E n n E n O E O O O o o o O n n n n n x n E E E — X E E — x x - x p o o o E E E O O O O O X E E E E E X X X o o o o n X X X E E E — — — - - X X X o - o - o - o x X X X X n n o n n n n n n E E E x x x E E E x E E E E E E E E X X X n n o o o o o o o o o o o o o PU PU t-l X X X X oX o o O O O O O O X X X X o o o o X E E E O O O x O o o o E O O E O O E - O X o o E E E - X p o p O O O X E E O O O O X X X E O E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O E E E E X X E E X X X X X X X X X E t to to to to to to t to to E E E E E E E E 00 r> 00 O OS CΛ r- X X X X X υ u u u u u u u u x x ri C CN r. oi π π o X X X X X E E E E E E E X X X X X X X E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X X oo © OS Os 0 to t to n n n n o o o n E E E E x E E o n n n n n n n n n O O O O O O O O O O O O E O E E O E O E O E E E O O O E 150 E E E E E E X X E E E E E E o o o o o o n n n n E E E E X X 50 E E E E E E E O E X O O O O O O O O O O O PU PU •___ PU PU μ-U O E O E O O O o n n E E o o o E n n E o o o o n n - E E ~ E ~ E - E E - - X n E X n E E ~ ~ X E O n o o o - o - o - o - o x o x o o o o x E E E E 50 I x o E O E O E O O X o O X O X O X O O E O E O O E O E O E O O X O X E E E E X E E E E E E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O x x x x x o o " X X X X X c o o> o o- E E E ό π h h O O ό O E E E E 13 X X X E E E E X X E E E E n n n n n n n n n n n n E E E o n - - - E E E — — E E E _ o n_- _ n_ n__ o ;I . o ;Γ , o ; _, o ; _, oJ_ H o ; _ H X E E O E E E E E E E E X X X X X X X X E E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O O o O O E E O O O O O X X o o o o o o X X o o o o o o E E E E E X X X X X X X X X ό o o o ή n ή ή ή n O 0 X x 150 00 n 90 VO E E E E E E E E E X X E X X E E X X X X X X Os u υ U U U U U U U U U U U u U U U U U U u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u CΛ _- υu E E X X X X X U U U U U U U U E E E u u u u u u u u u u u u X X X X u u u u u u r , ro ro ro, X X _ _- _ u u u u u u u u u u u oo o E X X X X X X E E E E E E U X U X U X U X U X U X U E u E U E U U E U E U E o X X E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E O E O E E E O O O o o o o o o o o o o o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n n X E E E E E E E E E E E E n n n n E E E E lo NJ tO tO t to o o ή n ό ό ό ό n ή 19 H H H H 00 00 so Os CΛ U y 0- x x X X X X X X X E X X X E E E E ro, ro ro ro ro, ro ro cr. cr, U ro E E E X E E E E X X X X X X X E X X E E E ro cr, U U U U U U n U U π u U π υ r| y r-i u rl u π u n u u u U π n π π u U rl π r- E E E E X E E E E E X X E E E E E X E E E E X X X X X X X X E E X E E X U U U U u U U U U U u y u U U U U u U U U U U u U u u u u u U U U u U U u o CN — X U U CJ U X X X X E E U U U U E E E E E X U U CJ CJ X X X X X X U U U U X E E E E _ _ u u u u u u u X E U U U U U U U U E E y u u u u u u u E E U U U U U U U U — X — X — -H E — X — X — X — X — X — X — X — X — . X — X — X — X ~ X — X y CΛ U C Λ U C Λ U C Λ U C Λ U C Λ U Λ U C Λ U CΛ U CΛ U &- U CΛ U CΛ U CΛ U CΛ U CΛ U Λ U CΛ U CΛ 00 © Os t-- Os o cΛ cΛ n cΛ n Λ n cΛ n c n c n Λ n c s t-i Q n cΛ Q O Λ n Λ E E - x - O O E O O O O O O O O E O O O O O O O O E O n E E n n n - X X ~ ~ E E ~ _ E E ~ E E — ~ " E E E E O O O O O O O O E E - - X n n n E ~ E E E t t to t to t t t to to to to E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o n n n n n o o o O O O O O O O O O O O X E E E E E E E E E E E E E 00 CO 00 —H SO Ov CΛ H υ c- u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u υ u u u u u u u u u ro cr. cr, cn cn cn ro ro X X X E E E E E E E E U U U U U U U U CN ΓJ ΓJ ΓJ ΓJ ΓJ r-l n ΓJ ΓI ΓI CN l ΓI ΓJ ΓI ΓJ ΓJ ΓJ —[— — J— j —r^ —r — r* — X X U U U U X X X E E E U U U U E E E E E E U U U U E E E E E E U U U U E E X ro ro ro ro ro cr, ro c, cr, cn ro ro ro ro r u u u ϋ ϋ x x u u u ϋ u u ϋ cj x x u u cj u u y y cj x x u u G ϋ u u c cj x x υ U CΛ U C U - O CΛ U U Λ U Λ U Λ U U Λ U Λ U U CΛ U IH U -^ 00 o Os Os o o O E O O O X - X X x o o o o o o o - - x x - - X X X O O O X X - - X E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Table 17 H H CH 3 H Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH H Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H Cl H CH } CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H Cl H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH 3 H C! H CH 3 CH 3 Cl Cl H H CH H Cl H o n o o Pu P Pu o o X O O E E O - E - E - E _ E - O O O O O X X o ~ X - X - o x O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O E E E E E E _- E E X X X X X X P y. t- 00 E r- O σs O E E E E E E E n n o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E X X X X X E E n C — E O E — E O O CΛ O E E E o o o o o o o o o o o o o E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o E E E E E E E E E E o _ _ 2 _ O O O O O X - X X - X X ~~ o o o o o o o p p o o o o o o o O O E E E E E E O O O O E E μ U P oo op p E E E E E E E E E E o o o o o o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O E E E E E E C —i % x O O O O O O O O O X X X O O O O O O O O O o X X x o x o x x x E E E E E Zi-t o T— • o X otz, oJZ, o * _, o E E O o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n o o o o o o X E to E to E io E to to E to to E to E to E E E E E E E E E E E E E X X x X X X X X to to t E to E to E io E to E to E t E o O o O O O O O O O O O O O n n X E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X X X X X E E E E E E E E X E E E E E E E E E E E E X X E E E E E E E E E CΛ o CΛ C CΛ O X o O O E O E C —i X ∞ o Ci C X E — E E — E — ∞ E O O E E X E O O O O O O o o o o n o o o o - - - E E x x x o o ox E E E E E E O O O O O O O O O E E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X X to to E to E to E to E E E E E to E t Eo to E to x to E to E t Eo t Eo to X to to x to x to X to E to E o o o O O O O O O O O o O O n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n O X to X t to E to E t Eo to E to E to E to E to E IO E t Eo to E to E IO E to E t E to x to x to E t E to E to E to E to E to E to E xJ x x x U EJ E o o o O O O O O O O n o O O O n n n n n n n n n n n O X E E E E E E E E E E E E E E x x E E E E E E E X p p oU o ~ L~ o PU o PP o μ-U o b-U o PU o pU o b-U o n o b-U o PU o- o *XZ o PU o o μJπ o PU o o o P o b-U o PU o o PP u υ u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u υ u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u c. X X X X X _ — _ _ — PP )X^ PU tZ t -ι PP PP -—< u u u υ u u u u u u u u u u x x X X x u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u oo o OS E — E X _ X X _ E X _ X - X - E _ E X - X X — E X — E „ E E - U O Λ u o Λ U O CΛ U O CΛ U O Λ U O E CΛ U O CΛ U O CΛ υ o ∞ U O E U O CΛ U O C EΛ U— OS o 00 00 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U H y 0- ro o x X x X X E E E E E E E X X X E E E E E E x X X X X E u U U U ΓJ u uI y u u U U U u U U U U U π π π ul ΓI rl u rl ΓI υ ΓI υ π π u rl u rl u π u ΓI u X X X X X X X X X E E E E X E X X X E E E E E X X X X X u u u U π u π u I u U U U U π U u U U U U U y U U π υ ri n ΓI ΓI π π u U π u π u ΓI π π π ΓI π π π u ΓI u ΓI u ΓI u π π X X X X X X X X X E E E E X X X X E E E E E X X X X X E E u U υ u y u u u U υ U U U u U u u u U U U U U u U u u u U U oc Cl U U U E E E E E E E E E U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Formulation/Utility Compounds of this invention will generally be used as a formulation or composition with an agriculturally suitable carrier comprising at least one of a liquid diluent, a solid diluent or a surfactant. The formulation or composition ingredients are selected to be consistent with the physical properties of the active ingredient, mode of application and environmental factors such as soil type, moisture and temperature. Useful formulations include liquids such as solutions (including emulsifiable concentrates), suspensions, emulsions (including microemulsions and/or suspoemulsions) and the like which optionally can be thickened into gels. Useful formulations further include solids such as dusts, powders, granules, pellets, tablets, films, and the like which can be water-dispersible ("wettable") or water-soluble. Active ingredient can be (micro)encapsulated and further formed into a suspension or solid formulation; alternatively the entire formulation of active ingredient can be encapsulated (or "overcoated"). Encapsulation can control or delay release of the active ingredient. Sprayable formulations can be extended in suitable media and used at spray volumes from about one to several hundred liters per hectare. High-strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation. The formulations will typically contain effective amounts of active ingredient, diluent and surfactant within the following approximate ranges which add up to 100 percent by weight. Weight Percent Active Ingredient Diluent Surfactant Water-Dispersible and Water-soluble 5-90 0-94 1-15 Granules, Tablets and Powders. Suspensions. Emulsions, Solutions 5-50 40-95 0- 15 (including Emulsifiable Concentrates) Dusts 1-25 70-99 0-5 Granules and Pellets 0.01-99 5-99.99 0-1 High Strength Compositions 90-99 0-10 0-2 Typical solid diluents are described in Watkins, et al., Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers, 2nd Ed., Dorland Books, Caldwell, New Jersey. Typical liquid diluents are described in Marsden, Solvents Guide, 2nd Ed., Intersciencc, New York, 1950. McCutcheon 's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual, Allured Publ. Corp., Ridgewood, New Jersey, as well as Sisely and Wood. Encyclopedia of Surf ace Active Agents, Chemical Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 1964, list surfactants and recommended uses. All formulations can contain minor amounts of additives to reduce foam, caking, corrosion, microbiological growth and the like, or thickeners to increase viscosity. Surfactants include, for example, polyethoxylated alcohols, polyethoxylated alkylphenols, polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid csteis, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, organosihcones, V,N-dιalkyltaurates, gnin sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, polycaiboxvlates and polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers Solid diluents include, lor example, clays such as bentonite, montmoπllonitc. attapulgite and kaolin staich, sugar silica, talc, diatomaceous earth, urea, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate Liquid diluents include, for example, water, NN-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-alkylpyrrohdonc, ethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, oils of olive, castor, linseed, tung, sesame, corn, peanut, cotton-seed, soybean, rape-seed and coconut, fatty acid esters, ketones such as cyelohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone and 4-hydroxy-4- methyl-2-pentanone, and alcohols such as methanol, cyclohexanol, decanol and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Solutions, including emulsifiable concentrates, can be prepared by simply mixing the ingredients Dusts and powders can be prepared by blending and, usually, gnnding as in a hammer mill or fluid-energy mill Suspensions are usually prepaied by wet milling, see, for example, U S 3,060,084 Gianules and pellets can be prepared by spraying the active material upon preformed granular carriers or by agglomeration techniques See Browning, "Agglomeration", Chemical Engineering, December 4, 1967, pp 147-48, Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook, 4th Ed , McGraw-Hill New York, 1963, pages 8-57 and following, and WO 91/13546 Pellets can be piepared as described in U.S 4,172,714 Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules can be prepared as taught in U S 4,144,050, U S 3,920,442 and DE 3,246,493 Tablets can be prepared as taught in U S 5,180,587, U S 5,232,701 and U S 5,208,030 Films can be prepared as taught in GB 2,095,558 and U.S 3,299,566 For further information regarding the art of formulation, see U S 3,235,361, Col 6, line 16 through Col 7, line 19 and Examples 10-41 , U S 3,309,192. Col 5, line 43 through Col 7, line 62 and Examples 8, 12, 15, 39, 41, 52, 53, 58, 132, 138-140, 162 164, 166, 167 and 169-182, U S 2,891 ,855, Col 3, line 66 through Col 5, line 17 and Examples 1-4, Klingman, Weed Control as a Science, John Wiley and Sons, Inc , New York, 1961 , pp 81-96, and Hance et al , Weed Control Handbook, 8th Ed , Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1989 In the following Examples, all percentages are by weight and all formulations are prepared in conventional ways Compound numbers refer to compounds in Index Tables A-C Example A High Strength Concentrate Compound 2 98.5% silica aerogel 0.57c synthetic amorphous fine silica 1.0%. Example B Wettable Powder Compound 1 65.0% dodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 2.0% sodium ligninsulfonate 4.0% sodium silicoaluminate 6.0% montmorillonite (calcined) 23.0%. Example C Granule Compound 15 10.0% attapulgite granules (low volatile matter, 0.71/0.30 mm; U.S.S. No. 25-50 sieves) 90.0%. Example D Extruded Pellet Compound 6 25.0% anhydrous sodium sulfate 10.0% crude calcium ligninsulfonate 5.0% sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 1.0% calcium/magnesium bentonite 59.0%. Test results indicate that the compounds of the present invention are highly active preemergent and postemergent herbicides or plant growth regulants. Many of them will have utility for broad-spectrum pre- and/or postemergence weed control in areas where complete control of all vegetation is desired such as around fuel storage tanks, industrial storage areas, parking lots, drive-in theaters, air fields, river banks, irrigation and other waterways, around billboards and highway and railroad structures. Some of the compounds will be useful for the control of selected grass and broadleaf weeds with tolerance to important agronomic crops which include but are not limited to barley, cotton, wheat, rape, sugar beets, corn (maize), soybeans, rice, tomato, potato, and plantation crops including coffee, cocoa, oil palm, rubber, sugarcane, citrus, grapes, fruit trees, nut trees, banana, plantain, pineapple, hops, tea, forests such as eucalyptus and conifers, e.g., loblolly pine, and turf species, e.g., Kentucky blucgrass, St. Augustine grass, Kentucky fescue and Bermuda grass. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that not all compounds are equally effective against all weeds. Alternatively, the subject compounds are useful to modify plant growth. Compounds of this invention can be used alone or in combination with other commercial herbicides, insecticides or fungicides Compounds of this invention can also be used in combination with commercial herbicide safeners such as benoxacor, dichlormid and fuπlazole to increase safety to certain crops A mixtuie of one or more of the following herbicides with a compound of this invention may be patticularly useful for weed control acctochlor, acifluorfen and its sodium salt, aclonifcn, acrolem (2-propenal), alachlor, ametryn, amidosulfuron, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azimsulfuron, benazo n, benazohn-ethyl, benfluralin, benfuresate, bensulfuron-methyl, bensuhde, bentazone, bifenox, bromacil, bromoxynil, bromoxynil octanoate, butachlor, butrahn, butylate, chlomethoxyfen, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chloπdazon, chloπmuron-ethyl, chlormtrolen, chlorotoluron, chlo ropham, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal-dimethyl, cinmethy n, cinosulfuron. clethodim, tiodinafop, clomazone, clopyra d, clopyra d-olamine, cyanazine, cycloale, cyclosulfamuron, 2,4-D and its butotyl, butyl, isoctyl and isopropyl estei and its di ethylammonium, diolam ne and trolamine salts, daimuron, dalapon, dalapon-sodium, dazomet, 2,4-DB and its dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, desmedipham, desmetryn, dicamba and its diglycolammonium, dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, diclofop-methyl, 2-[4,5-dιhydro-4-methyl-4-( 1 -methy lethyl)-5-oxo- 1 H-ιmιdazol-2-yl]- 5-methyl-3-pyπdιnecarboxylιc acid (AC 263,222), difenzoquat metilsullate, diflufenican, dimepiperatc, dimethenamid, dimethylarsinic acid and its sodium salt, dinitramine, diphenamid, diquat dibromide, dithiopyr, diuron, DNOC, cndothal, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalflurahn, cthametsulfuron-methyl, ethofumesate, ethyl σ,2-dιchloro-5 [4-(dιfluoromethyl)-4,5-dιhydro-3-methyl-5-oxo- lH- l ,2,4-tπa7θl- l -yl]-4- fluorobcnzenepropanoatc (F8426), fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, lenuron, fenuron-TCA, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flazasulfuron, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluchlorahn, flumetsulam, flumiclorac- pentyl, flumioxazm, fluometuron, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, flupoxam, fluπdone, flurochloπdone, fluroxypyr, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, fosaminc-ammonium, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate, glyphosate-isopropylammomum, glyphosate-sesquisodium, glyphosate-tπmesium, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop-etotyl haloxyfop-methyl, hexazinone, lmazamethabenz-mcthyl, imazamox (AC 299 263), imazapyr, lmazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, imazosulfuron, loxynil, loxynil octanoate, loxynil-sodium, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxafiutole (RPA 201772), lactofen, lenacil, linuron, maleic hydrazide, MCPA and its dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, MCPA-isoctyl, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, mefenacet, mefluidide, metam-sodium, methabenzthiazuron, methyl [[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[(tetrahydro-3-oxo- lH,3H-[ 1 ,3,4]thιadιazolo[3,4- α]pyπdazιn- l -yhdene)amιno]phenylJthιoacctate (KIΗ 9201 ), methylarsonic acid and its calcium, monoammonium, monosodium and disodium salts, methyl [[[ l-[5-[2-chloro-4- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrophenyl]-2-methoxyethylidene]amino]oxy]acetate (AKH-7088), methyl 5-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2- pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfony]]-l-(2-pyridinyl)- lH-pyrazole-4- carboxylate (NC-330), metobenzuron, metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl, molinate, monolinuron, napropamide, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxadiazon, 3-oxetanyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2- pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]bcnzoate (CGA 277476), oxyfluorfen, paraquat dichloride, pebulate, pendimethalin, perfluidone, phenmedipham, picloram, picloram-potassium, pretilachlor, primisulfuron-methyl, pro eton, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propyzamide, prosulfuron, pyrazolynate, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyridate, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, quinclorac, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, πmsulfuron, sethoxydim, siduron, simazine, sulcotrione (ICIA0051), sulfentrazone, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, TCA, TCA-sodium, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, thenylchlor, thiafluamide (BAY 1 1390), thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, tralkoxydim, tri-allate, triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, triclopyr, triclopyr-butotyl, triclopyr-triethylammonium, tridiphane, trifluralin, triflusulfuron-methyl, and vernolate. In certain instances, combinations with other herbicides having a similar spectrum of control but a different mode of action will be particularly advantageous for preventing the development of resistant weeds. Certain combinations of compounds of this invention with other herbicides may provide synergistic herbicidal effects on weeds or may provide enhanced crop safety. Preferred for better control of undesired vegetation in winter wheat, winter barley, spring wheat, spring barley, and peas (e.g., lower use rate, broader spectrum of weeds controlled, or enhanced crop safety) or for preventing the development of resistant weeds in winter wheat, winter barley, spring wheat, spring barley, and peas are mixtures of a compound of this invention with one or more of the herbicides selected from the group tribenuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsulfuron, triasulfuron, 2,4-D, dicamba, bromoxynil, MCPA, fluroxypyr, clopyralid, fenoxaprop, diclofop, tralkoxydim, clodinafop, imazamethabenz, sulfosulfuron, difenzoquat, propanil, prosulfuron, metribuzin, glyphosate, triallate, trifluralin, paraquat, diallate, linuron, diflufenican, pendimethalin, cyanazine, neburon, terbutryn, prosulfocarb, isoproturon, chlortoluron, methabenzthiazuron, metoxuron, simazine, ioxynil, mecoprop, metosulam, fluroglycophen-ethyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, benzoylpropethyl, ethametsulfuron-methyl, quinclorac, and bentazone. Specifically preferred mixtures for use in winter wheat, winter barley, spring wheat, spring barley, and peas are selected from the group: a) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with: b) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dιhydro-6,9-dιmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedιone S,5-dιoxιde (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with c) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyI[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with: d) (2,4-dιhydro-2,6,9-tπmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3-r]pyιazol 8-yl)( I -cthyl-5 hydroxy- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone 5,5-dιoxιde (mixture paitner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with. e) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dιhydro-6,9-dιmethyl[ 1 ]benzothιopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]-l ,3-cyclohexanedιone S,S-dιoxιde (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with- 24 glyphosate 500-3 5014 1002000 2501000 25 ethametsulfuron met vl 1 10 300 2 3-7 1 O 10 30 f) 2-[(4,5-dιhydro-2,7,10-tπmethyl-2H[l]benzothιepιnof5,4-cJpyrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedιone S.S-dioxide (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with Preferred for better control of undesired vegetation in corn (e.g , lower use rate, bioader spectrum of weeds controlled, or enhanced crop safety) or for preventing the development of resistant weeds in corn are mixtures ol a compound of this invention with one or more of the herbicides selected from the group thifensulfuron-methyl, πmsulfuron, nicosulfuron, pπmisulfuron, atrazine, terbuthylazine, 2,4-E), dicamba, bromoxynil, imazethapyr, clopyrahd, prosulfuron, glyphosate, glyphosate-tπmesium, glufosinate, fluthiacet-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, bentazone, flumetsulam, halosulfuron, scthoxydim, and flumiclorac-pentyl Specifically preferred mixtures for use in corn are selected from the group a) 2-[(2,4-d_hydro-2,6,9-tπmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyciohcxanedιone 5,5-dιoxιde (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with b) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dιmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3-r]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione S^S-dioxide (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with: c) 2-[(2,4-dιhydro-2,6,9-tπmethyl[l]ben7θthιopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedιonc 5,5-dιoxιdc (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with d) (2,4-dιhydro-2,6,9-tπmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3 c]pyrazol-8-yl)( l cthyl-5- hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone 5,5-dιoxιde (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with e) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dιhydro-6,9-dιmethyl[l]benzothιopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedιone (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with f) 2-[(4,5-dihydro-2,7,10-tπmethyl-2H[l]benzothιepιno[5,4-c]pyrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedιone 5,5-dιoxide (mixture partner A, generally applied at a rate of 4 to 280 g/ha, preferably applied at a rate of 8 to 70 g/ha) in combination with: A herbicidally effective amount of the compounds of this invention is determined by a number of factors These factors include formulation selected, method of application, amount and type of vegetation present, growing conditions, etc In general, a herbicidally effective amount of compounds of this invention is 0 001 to 20 kg/ha with a preferred range of 0004 to 1 0 kg/ha One skilled in the art can easily determine the herbicidally effective amount necessary for the desired level of weed control The following Tests demonstrate the control efficacy of the compounds of this invention against specific weeds The weed control afforded by the compounds is not limited, however, to these species See Index Tables A-D for compound descriptions The following abbreviation is used in the Index Tables which follow Ph = phenyl The abbreviation "dec " indicates that the compound appeared to decompose on melting The abbreviation "Ex." stands for "Example" and is followed by a number indicating in which example the compound is prepared. Index Table A 3 Index Table C Cmpd No Structure mp (°C) 24 3 196 (dec) 25 H 3 150-152 3 120 (dec ) *See Index Table D for 'H NMR data. Index Table D Cmpd No. Η NMR Data (CDCI 3 solution unless indicated otherw i se ) a 10 57.44 (s, IH), 6.78 (s, IH), 4.38 (s.2H), 4.2 (q, 2H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.8 (m, 2H), 2.71 (s, 3H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.2 (m, IH), 1.8 (m, IH), 1.52 ;t.3H).1.48 (s, 3H). 11 δ 7.7-7.3 (m, 6H), 7.1 (s, IH), 4.36 (s, 2H), 4.21 (q, 2H), 3.1 (t, 2H), 2.7-2.5 (m, 8H), 2.2 (m, 2H), 1.54 (t,3H). 18 δ7.48(s, IH), 7.43 (s, lH),7.12(s, IH).5.46 (s, 2H), 4.41 (s, 2H), 4.22 (q, 2H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 2.76 (s, 3H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 1.54 (t, 3H). 21 δ 7.50 (s, IH), 7.36 (s, IH), 7.2 (s, IH), 4.4 (d, IH), 4.0 (s, 3H), 3.8 (d, IH), 3.72 (s.3H), 2.75 (s, 3H), 2.74 (s, 3Hj. 30 δ7.29(s, IH), 6.92 (s. IH), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.64 (t.2H), 2.9-2.74 (m, 4H), 2.73 (s, 3H), 2.44 ιm, 2H), 2.26 (s.3H), 2.05 (m, 2H). 47 δ7.97(d,2H), 7.7-7.5 (m,3H), 7.45 (s. IH), 7.34 (s, 111), 6.91 (s. IH), 4.3 (s, 2H), 4.12 (q,2H), 3.86 (s,3H), 2.63 (s.3H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 1.43 (t, 3H). a ] H NMR data are in ppm downfield from tetramethylsilane. Couplings are designated by (s)-singlct, (d)-doublet, (t)-triplet, (q)-quartet, (m)-multiplet. TEST A The compounds evaluated in this test were formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant and applied to the soil surface before plant seedlings emerged (preemergence application), to water that covered the soil surface (flood application), and to plants that were in the one-to-four leaf stage (postemcrgence application). A sandy loam soil was used for the preemergence and postemergence tests, while a silt loam soil was used in the flood test. Water depth was approximately 2.5 cm for the flood test and was maintained at this level for the duration of the test. Plant species in the preemergence and postemergence tests consisted of barnyardgrass {Echinochloa crus-galli), barley (Hordeum vulgare), bedstraw (Galium aparine). blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), chickweed (Stellaria media), cocklebur {Xanthium strumarium), corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutuin), crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), downy brome (Bromus tector m), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), johnsongrass (Sorghum halpense), lambsquarters {Chenopodium album), morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), rape (Brassica napus), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), soybean {Glycine max), speedwell (Veronica persica), sugar beet {Beta vulgaris), velvetleaf {Abutilon theophrastϊ), wheat (Triticum aestivum), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), and wild oat (Avena fatua). All plant species were planted one day before application of the compound for the preemergence portion of this test. Plantings of these species were adjusted to produce plants of appropriate size for the postemergence portion of the test. Plant species in the flood test consisted of rice (Oryza sativa), umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis), duck salad (Heteranthera limosa), barnyardgrass {Echinochloa crus-galli) and Late watergrass {Echinochloa oryzicola) grown to the 2 leaf stage for testing. All plant species were grown using normal greenhouse practices. Visual evaluations of injury expressed on treated plants, when compared to untreated controls, were recorded approximately fourteen to twenty one days after application of the test compound. Plant response this ratings, summarized in Table A, were recorded on a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result. oc O O O O O O O O O O O O O LΠ O O I O O LΠ O O O O O O O o O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O I I O O O O C r-l r- r-l VO ■=. O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O I O O O O I O O O O O O l/l rH O O O r^ CN m CD CD VO O t-I O L_I U~I O O O O O O O O O O I o o o o o o cn »* i i i cn m cn r-i m cn o o o o o o o o o o o o i o o o o o m m o o o o rH rH η n rH O rH O _- OΛ 01 O rH rH rH rH CM O Ln o o o o o o in o o o o m o o o o o o o o o o rH rH CN Cn Ol CN rH -1 CN oc o o o rH rH rH rH o o o o m o o o in o m o o o o o o o o o o o o o co h cn c σi r- ^ o rH ro ^ϊ 1 r- ro o ■ -< < <u τH r _ _ Λ φ τH τH H - jg_ -gH - TH j B , 0) rr (D σi iQ ^ 3" P oo t o ,e> o -J NJ co σi to to to σ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o vo o 03 L o o o o o o o o o o o o o o CO 1 O I O I O I o o O O I I I O I -J I-J O o o o o OO -J !_■ P> I— 1 o o o i o o o i o o to o O 2 LO -J to O p> I- 1 P > TJ n o ■& O G 2 p* o O O O O O O O O O O O O O σi 00 P> o o o o o o CD O CJ O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o σi p> to co o o o o o o o o o o o o o ∞ -J LO H P 1 CO O LO O O O 3 I O O O O O O O O Lπ O I O O O O O O O O 9_.T e81/ 96Sfl/JL3d -8061/_6 O COMPOUND 12 14 16 18 24 27 30 31 Table A COMPOUND Rate 2 g/ha 1 POSTEMERGENCE Barley Igri 0 Barnyard 2 30 Barnyardgrass 90 Bedstraw 10 Blackgrass 30 Chickweed 70 Cocklebur 80 Corn 0 Cotton 80 Crabgrass 80 Downy Brome 10 Duck salad 20 Giant foxtail 80 Italn. Rygrass 0 Johnsongrass 70 Lambsquarter 40 Morningglory 70 Rape 0 Redroot Pigweed 60 Rice Japonica 10 Soybean 85 Speedwell 35 Sugar beet 95 Umbrella sedge 0 Velvetleaf 100 Watergrass 2 20 Wheat 0 Wild buckwheat 0 Wild oat 40 TEST B Compounds evaluated in this lest were formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant and applied to the soil surface before plant seedlings emerged (preemergence application) and to plants that were grown for various periods of time before treatment (postemergence application). A sandy loam soil was used for the preemergence test while a mixture of sandy loam soil and greenhouse potting mix in a 60:40 ratio was used for the postemergence test. Test compounds were applied within approximately one day after planting seeds for the preemergence test, and 13 days after the last postemergence planting. Plantings of these crops and weed species were adjusted to produce plants of appropriate size for the postemergence test. All plant species were grown using normal greenhouse practices. Crop and weed species include alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea), american black nightshade (Solatium americanum), apple- of-Peru {Nicandra physaloides), arrowleaf sida (Sida rhomhifolia), brazilian sicklepod (Cassia tora Brazilian), brazilian signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens), capim-colchao (Digitaria ho zontalis), cristalina soybean (Glycine max Cristalina), florida beggarweed (Desmodium purpureum), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis), southern sandur (Cenchrus echinatus), tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea), tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis), W20 Soybean (Glycine max W20), W4-4 Soybean (Glycine max W4-4) and wild pointsettia (Eupohorbia heterophylla). Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately 13 days, after which all treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table B. are based upon a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash response (-) means no test result. Table B Rate 140 g/ha POSTEMERGENCE Acanthospermum Alexandergrass Apple-of-Peru Arrowleaf Sida B Signalgrass Bl . Nightshade Braz Sicklepod Capim-Colch Crist Soybean Tl . Beggarweed H Beggarticks Morningglory SI Amaranth Tr . Spiderwort Wld Pomtsettia W20 Soybean W4-4 Soybean Table B COMPOUND Table B COMPOUND Rate 70 g/ha 1 2 4 Rate 35 g/ha 1 2 4 POSTEMERGENCE POSTEMERGENCE Acanthospermum Acanthospermum Alexandergrass Alexandergrass Apple-of-Peru Apple-of-Peru Arrowleaf Sida Arrowleaf Sida B. Signalgrass B. Signalgrass Bl . Nightshade Bl . Nightshade Braz Sicklepod Braz Sicklepod Capim-Colch Capim-Colch Crist . Soybean Crist. Soybean Fl . Beggarweed Fl . Beggarweed H. Beggarticks H. Beggarticks Morningglory Morningglory SI . Amaranth Ξl . Amaranth Tr . Spiderwort Tr . Spiderwort Wld Pointsettia Wld Pointsettia W20 Soybean W20 Soybean W4-4 Soybean W4-4 Soybean Table B COMPOUND Rate 8 g/ha 1 2 4 POSTEMERGENCE Acanthospermum 90 70 80 Alexandergrass 85 80 60 Apple-of-Peru 65 100 40 Arrowleaf Sida 50 65 50 B. Signalgrass 80 60 65 Bl. Nightshade 70 85 80 Braz Sicklepod 0 10 10 Capim-Colch 55 25 25 Crist. Soybean 80 75 55 Fl . Beggarweed 80 70 100 H. Beggarticks 55 50 60 Morn gglory 70 65 55 SI . Amaranth 60 60 50 Tr . Spiderwort 40 40 35 Wld Pointsettia 70 65 50 W20 Soybean 75 70 65 W4-4 Soybean 85 65 65 TEST C Compounds evaluated in this test were formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant and applied to the soil surface before plant seedlings emerged (preemergence application) and to plants that were grown for various periods of time before treatment (postemergence application). A sandy loam soil was used for the preemergence test while a mixture of sandy loam soil and greenhouse potting mix in a 60:40 ratio was used for the postemergence test. Test compounds were applied within approximately one day after planting seeds for the preemergence test. Plantings of these crops and weed species were adjusted to produce plants of appropriate size for the postemergence test. All plant species were grown using normal greenhouse practices. Crop and weed species include American black nightshade (Solanum americanum), arrowleaf sida (Sida rhomhifolia), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiβorum), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), Florida beggarweed (Desmodium purpureum), giant foxtail (Setariafaberii), hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), ladysthumb (Polygonum persicaria), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), soybean (Glycine max), Surinam grass (Brachiaria decumbens), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla). Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately 14 to 21 days, after which all treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table C, were based upon a 0 to 100 scale where 0 was no effect and 100 was complete control. A dash response (-) means no test result. Table C COMPOUND Table C Rate 140 g/ha 2 4 5 6 Rate 140 g/ha POSTEMERGENCE PREEMERGENCE Arrowleaw S ida Arrowleaw Sida Barnyardgras s Barnyardgrass Cocklebur Cocklebur Common Ragweed Common Ragweed Corn Corn Cotton Cotton Estrn Blkmght Estrn Blkmght Fall Panicum Fall Panicum Field Bindweed Field Bindweed Fl Beggarweed Fl Beggarweed Giant Foxtail Giant Foxtail Hairy Beggartic Hairy Beggartic Ivyleaw Mrnglry Ivyleaw Mrnglry Johnsongrass Johnsongrass Ladysthumb Ladysthumb Lambsquarters Lambsquarters Large Crabgrass Large Crabgrass Purple Nutsedge Purple Nutsedge Redroot Pigweed Redroot Pigweed Soybean Soybean Surinam Grass Surinam Gras s Velvetleaf Velvetleaf Wild Pomsettia Wi ld Pomsettia Table C COMPOUND Rate 70 g/ha 1 2 3 4 5 6 16 31 POSTEMERGENCE Arrowleaw Sida 100 50 85 70 60 85 65 Barnyardgrass 100 95 95 95 95 100 100 95 Cocklebur 95 100 85 95 95 95 95 60 Common Ragweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 Corn 0 10 10 0 30 5 60 0 Cotton 100 95 85 90 95 100 95 95 Estrn Blkmght 100 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 Fall Panicum 100 95 80 100 100 100 95 95 Field Bindweed 90 100 85 65 80 60 60 50 Fl Beggarweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 Giant Foxtail 95 95 50 80 100 100 95 90 Hairy Beggartic 70 65 75 60 85 85 80 90 Ivyleaw Mrnglry 80 100 90 95 95 100 15 80 Johnsongrass 95 100 25 60 95 100 65 95 Ladysthumb 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 100 Lambsquarters 100 100 100 100 95 95 100 100 Large Crabgrass 90 95 80 80 100 100 95 90 Purple Nutsedge 80 80 0 25 20 95 95 75 Redroot Pigweed 100 100 100 95 100 90 100 100 Soybean 100 100 95 95 90 85 60 80 Surinam Grass 95 95 80 65 90 100 90 90 Velvetleaf 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 Wild Pomsettia 100 95 100 100 85 90 65 80 Table C COMPOUND Rate 70 g/ ha 2 3 4 PREEMERGENCE Arrowl eaw Si da Barnyardgras s Cockl ebur Common Ragweed Corn Cotton Estrn Blknight Fall Panicum Field Bindweed Fl Beggarweed Giant Foxtail Hairy Beggartic Ivyleaw Mrnglry Johnsongrass Ladysthumb Lambsquarters Large Crabgrass Purple Nutsedge Redroot Pigweed Soybean Surinam Grass Velvetleaf Wild Poinsettia Table C Rate 8 g /ha PREEMERGENCE Arrowleaw Sida Barnyardgras s Cocklebur Common Ragweed Corn Cotton Estrn Blknight Fall Panicum Field Bindweed Fl Beggarweed Giant Foxtail Hairy Beggartic Ivyleaw Mrnglry Johnsongrass Ladysthumb Lambsquarters Large Crabgrass Purple Nutsedge Redroot Pigweed Soybean Surinam Grass Velvetleaf Wi ld Po settia Table C COMPOUND Rate 4 g/ha 3 4 16 18 30 31 POSTEMERGENCE Arrowleaw Sida Barnyardgrass Cocklebur Common Ragweed Corn Cotton Estrn Blknight Fall Panicum Field Bindweed Fl Beggarweed Giant Foxtail Hairy Beggartic Ivyleaw Mrnglry Johnsongrass Ladysthumb Lambsquarters Large Crabgrass Purple Nutsedge Redroot Pigweed Soybean Surinam Grass Velvetleaf Wild Po settia TEST D Seeds of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), bindweed (Concolculus arvensis), black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum dunal), cassia (Cassia obtusifolia), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutam), crabgrass (Digitaria spp.), fall panicum (Panicum dichotomi- florum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), lambsquarter (Chenopodium album), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), prickly sida (Sida spinosa), shattercane (Sorghum vulgare), signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla), smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum), soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), velvetleaf (Abulilon theophrastϊ), wild proso (Pancium mihaceum), woolly cupgrass (Eriυchloa villosa), yellow foxtail (Setaria lutescens) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers were planted into a sandy loam or clay loam soil. These crops and weeds were grown in the greenhouse until the plants ranged in height from two to eighteen cm (one to four leaf stage), then treated postemergence with the test chemicals formulated in a non- phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant. Pots receiving preemergence treatments were planted immediatley prior to test chemical application. Pots treated in this fashion were placed in the greenhouse and maintained according to routine greenhouse procedures. Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in the greenhouse approximately 14-21 days after application of the test compound. Visual evaluations of plant injury responses were then recorded. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table D, are reported on a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. Table D COMPOUND Rate 4 g/ha 1 2 POSTEMERGENCE Barnyardgrass 100 100 Bindweed 70 90 Blk Nightshade 70 95 Cassia 0 0 Cocklebur 70 100 Corn 0 0 Cotton 70 95 Crabgrass 60 60 Fall Panicum 70 50 Giant Foxtail 50 30 Green Foxtail 60 30 Jimsonweed 100 100 Johnson Grass 30 40 Lambsquarter 0 60 Mornmgglory 60 90 Nutsedge 0 5 Pigweed 60 80 Prickly Sida 0 0 Ragweed 90 90 Shattercane 70 60 Signalgrass 80 80 Smartweed 40 80 Soybean 50 90 Sunflower 80 90 Velvetleaf 100 100 Wild Proso 80 80 Woolly cupgrass 70 10 Yellow Foxtail 80 85 TEST E Seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), bedstraw (Galium aparine), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), chickweed (Stellaria media), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea), rape (Brassica napus), rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), soybean (Glycine max), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), wheat (Triticum aestivum), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), wild oat (Avena fatua) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers were planted and treated preemergence with test chemicals formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant. At the same time, these crop and weed species were also treated with postemergence applications of test chemicals formulated in the same manner. Plants ranged in height from two to eighteen cm (one to four leaf stage) for postemergence treatments. Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for twelve to sixteen days, after which all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table E, are based on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 is no effect and 10 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result. ΓH ΓO C o o o O r r ^π c co c-i O O i— i σ ro O co o o O O CN O r- _-> O O O O I O O O I o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ro o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o cr. o o I o o o o o o o o o o O O O O <-ι i -J r- o o O rH £ o o o o o o o o o o υ o o o o o oo o o o o o o o o o uo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o TEST F Compounds evaluated in this test were formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture and applied to the surface oi the watci which was contained in each pot Individual containers of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa orvzicola), small flowei umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformus), common falsepimperncl (Linderma procumbens), monochoπa (Monochoria vaginalis) and bulrush (Scirpus juncoides) were seeded and allowed to grow until the 1.5 to 2.5 leaf stage of development. A clay loam soil was used for this propagation. Japonica rice (Oryza sativa) was tran- splanted at 0 and 2 cm depth five days before application of the test compound to the water surface Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained under greenhouse conditions for twenty to thirty days at which time treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated Plant response ratings, summaiized in Table F, are based upon a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no eilect and 100 is complete control. A dash response (-) indicated that no test result was recorded Table F COMPOUND Table F COMPOUND Rate 250 g/ha 3 Rate 125 g/ha 3 Flood Saita soi Flood Saita soi barnyard early 100 barnyard early 100 barnyard late 85 barnyard late 70 C. difformis ea 80 C difformis ea 85 C. difformis la 90 C difformis la 70 Japoni rice 0cm 100 Japoni rice 0cm 100 Japoni rice 2cm 100 Japoni rice 2cra 40 L. procumben ea 100 L. procumben ea 100 L procumben la 100 L procumben la 100 M. vagmal s ea 100 M vagmalis ea 100 M. vagmalis la 80 M. vagmalis la 80 S. juncoides 1. 90 S. juncoides 1 85 S juncoides 2 70 S juncoides 2 50 Table F COMPOUND Table F COMPOUND Rate 64 g/ha 2 3 Rate 32 g/ha 1 2 3 Flood Saita soi Flood Saita soi barnyard early 90 70 barnyard early 85 45 20 barnyard late 65 40 barnyard late 50 45 20 C difformis ea 100 95 C difformis ea 80 55 60 C difformis la 70 40 C difformis la 85 50 40 Japoni rice 0cm 100 95 Japoni rice 0cm 90 75 40 Japoni rice 2cm 75 70 Japoni rice 2cm 65 5 0 L procumben ea 100 100 L procumben ea 100 100 100 L procumben la 100 100 L procumben la 100 90 100 M vagmalis ea 100 100 M vagmalis ea 100 80 70 M vagmalis la 80 80 M vagmalis la 70 75 70 S juncoides 1 75 70 S juncoides 1 80 65 50 S juncoides 2 65 50 S juncoides 2 60 40 30 Table F COMPOUND Table F COMPOUND Rate 16 g/ha 1 2 Rate 8 g/ha 1 2 Flood Saita soi Flood Saita soi barnyard early 40 20 barnyard early 40 20 barnyard late 65 45 barnyard late 30 20 C difformis ea 80 50 C difformis ea 55 20 C difformis la 75 50 C difformis la 50 20 Japoni rice 0cm 65 40 Japoni rice 0cm 35 10 Japoni rice 2cm 25 0 Japoni rice 2cm 0 0 L procumben ea 100 100 L procumben ea 100 100 L procumben la 100 100 L procumben la 100 100 M vagmalis ea 90 75 M vagmalis ea 70 60 M vagmalis la 75 75 M vagmalis la 70 65 Ξ juncoides 1 40 20 S juncoides 1 40 10 S juncoides 2 40 30 S juncoides 2 40 0 Table F COMPOUND Rate 4 g/ha 1 Flood Saita soi barnyard early 30 barnyard late 40 C. difformis ea 30 C. difformis la 20 Japoni rice 0cm 20 Japoni rice 2cm 5 L. procumben ea 100 L. procumben la 100 M. vaginalis ea 50 M vaginalis la 65 S. juncoides 1. 20 S . juncoides 2. 30 TEST G Compounds evaluated in this test were formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant and applied to the soil surface before plant seedlings emerged (preemergence application) and to plants that were in the one-to four leaf stage (postemergence application). A sandy loam soil was used for the preemergence test while a mixture of sandy loam soil and greenhouse potting mix in a 60:40 ratio was used for the postemergence test. Test compounds were applied within approximately one day after planting seeds for the preemergence test. Plantings of these crops and weed species were adjusted to produce plants of appropriate size for the postemergence test. All plant species were grown using normal greenhouse practices. Crop and weed species include annual bluegrass (Poa annua), black nightshade (Solanum nigra), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), chickweed (Stellaria media), deadnettle (Lamium amplexicaule), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), field violet (Viola arvensis), galium (Galium aparine), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), kochia (Kochia scoparia), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor), rape (Brassica napus), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), ryegrass (L ύium multiflorum) . sentless chamonile (Matricaria inodora), speedwell (Veronica persica), spring barely (Hordeum vulgare cv. 'Klages'), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. 'ERA '), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris cv. 'US1 '), sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. 'Russian Giant'), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), wild oat (Avena fatua), windgrass (Apera spica-venti), winter barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. 'Igri') and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. 'Talent'). Wild oat was treated at two growth stages. The first stage (1) was when the plant had two to three leaves. The second stage (2) was when the plant had approximately four leaves or in the initial stages of tillering. Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately 21 to 28 days, after which all treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table G, are based upon a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash response (-) means no test result. Table G COMPOUND Table G COMPOUND Rate 250 g/ha 10 Rate 125 g/ha 2 5 6 8 9 1( POSTEMERGENCE POSTEMERGENCE Annual Bluegras 30 Annual Bluegras Blackgrass (2) 30 Blackgrass (2) Blk Nightshade 100 Blk Nightshade Chickweed 100 Chickweed Deadnettle 100 Deadnettle Downy brome 50 Downy brome Field violet 100 Field violet Galium (2) 100 Galium (2) Green foxtail 100 Green foxtail Jointed Goatgra 30 Jointed Goatgra Kochia 85 Kochia Lambsquarters 100 Lambsquarters LS Canarygrass 100 LS Canarygrass Rape Rape Redroot Pigweed 100 Redroot Pigweed Russian Thistle 100 Russian Thistle Ryegrass 20 Ryegrass Scentless Chamo 95 Scentless Chamo Speedwell Speedwell Spring Barley 30 Spring Barley Sugar beet Sugar beet Sunflower Sunflower Veronica hedera 100 Veronica hedera Wheat (Spring) Wheat (Winter) Wild buckwheat Wild mustard Wild oat (1) Wild oat (2) Windgrass 50 55 45 95 60 20 30 Winter Barley 30 20 55 45 10 10 0 Table G COMPOUND Rate 8 g/ha 1 4 6 7 30 POSTEMERGENCE Annual Bluegras 50 - 10 40 55 10 Blackgrass (2) 30 5 - 10 10 20 10 20 Blk Nightshade 100 85 100 40 100 75 100 75 Chickweed 55 85 100 60 70 50 100 80 Deadnettle 100 50 60 30 30 30 100 55 Downy brome 20 10 - 0 20 20 0 40 Field violet 75 15 60 30 40 50 60 50 Galium (2) 50 15 40 10 30 10 60 20 Green foxtail 65 75 - 55 60 65 100 65 Jointed Goatgra 20 0 - 0 10 10 10 30 Kochia 55 - 50 30 10 30 20 35 Lambsquarters 100 30 65 20 75 95 100 70 LS Canarygrass 100 5 - 40 40 65 25 65 Rape 40 Redroot Pigweed 60 25 50 10 50 30 70 70 Russian Thistle 100 - 60 0 75 50 40 70 Ryegrass 10 0 - 0 5 10 0 20 Scentless Chamo 65 25 50 50 60 60 60 70 Speedwell 65 35 - - - - - - Spring Barley 10 0 10 0 40 10 10 20 Sugar beet 100 Sunflower 65 Veronica hedera 100 - 50 30 60 60 100 60 Wheat (Spring) 10 0 10 10 30 15 10 40 Wheat (Winter) 10 0 10 0 30 20 5 30 Wild buckwheat 40 0 25 0 30 0 40 10 Wild mustard 100 - 30 50 50 30 100 Wild oat (1) 30 10 - 20 50 40 20 75 Wild oat (2) 75 15 - - - - - - Windgrass 30 0 - 30 40 50 10 30 Winter Barley 10 0 10 0 30 10 10 10 Table G COMPOUND Rate 4 g/ha 2 6 7 9 30 POSTEMERGENCE Annual Bluegras Blackgrass (2) Blk Nightshade Chickweed Deadnettle Downy brome Field violet Galium (2) Green foxtail Jointed Goatgra Kochia Lambsquarters LS Canarygrass Rape Redroot Pigweed Russian Thistle Ryegrass Scentless Chamo Speedwell Spring Barley Sugar beet Sunflower Veronica hedera Wheat (Spring) Wheat (Winter) Wild buckwheat Wild mustard Wild oat (1) Wild oat (2) Windgrass Winter Barley TEST H Seeds, tubers, or plant parts of alexandergrass (Brachiaria planiaginea), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria plantyphylla), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), common ragweed (Ambrosia elatior), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), dallisgrass (Paspalum dilalatum), goosegrass (Eleusine indica), guineagrass (Panicum maximum), itchgrass (Rottboellia exaltata), Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), peanuts (Arachis hypogaeά), pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus), sourgrass (Trichachne insularis), Surinam grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and texas panicum (Panicum Texas) were planted into greenhouse pots of flats containing greenhouse planting medium. Plant species were grown grown in separate pots or individual compartments. Preemergence applications were made within one day of planting the seed or plant part. Postemergence applications were applied when the plants were in the two to four leaf stage (three to twenty cm). Test chemicals were formulated in a non-phytoioxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant and applied preemergence and postemergence to the plants. Untreated control plants and treated plants were placed in the greenhouse and visually evaluated for injury 13 to 21 days after herbicide application. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table H, are based on a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no injury and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result. Table H COMPOUND Table H COMPOUND Rate 1000 g/ha Rate 1000 g/ha POSTEMERGENCE PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass Alexandergrass ADexandergrass Bermudagrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cmn Ragweed Cotton Cotton Dallisgrass Dallisgrass Goosegrass Goosegrass Guinea Grass Guineagrass Guineagrass Itchgrass Itchgrass .33 Johnson grass Johnson grass Large Crabgrass Johnsongrass Peanuts Large Crabgrass Pit Mornmglory Peanuts Purple Nutsedge Pit Mornmglory Sandbur Purple Nutsedge Sourgrass Sandbur Sugarcane 90 Sourgrass Surinam grass Sugarcane 35 Surinam grass Table H COMPOUND Table H COMPOUND Rate 500 g/ha 1 Rate 500 g/ha 1 POSTEMERGENCE PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass Alexandergrass ADexandergrass Bermudagrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cmn Ragweed Cotton Cotton Dallisgrass Dallisgrass Goosegrass Goosegrass Guinea Grass Guineagrass Guineagrass Itchgrass Itchgrass Johnson grass Johnson grass Large Crabgrass Johnsongrass Peanuts Large Crabgrass Pit Morninglory Peanuts Purple Nutsedge Pit Morninglory Sandbur Purple Nutsedge Sourgrass Sandbur Sugarcane 80 Sourgrass Surinam grass Sugarcane 10 Surinam grass Table H COMPOUND Rate 250 g/ha 3 4 5 6 12 14 30 POSTEMERGENCE Alexandergrass ADexandergrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cotton Dallisgrass Goosegrass Guineagrass Itchgrass Johnson grass Large Crabgrass Peanuts Pit Morninglory Purple Nutsedge Sandbur Sourgrass Sugarcane Surinam grass Table H COMPOUND Rate 250 g/ha 1 3 4 5 6 14 lc 30 PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 95 98 0 0 100 100 100 100 80 10 100 Bermudagrass 98 100 98 98 100 100 100 100 100 95 100 Brdlf Sgnlgrass 95 100 - 0 90 100 98 98 80 40 98 Cmn Purslane 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 75 30 Cmn Ragweed 100 100 100 100 - 100 - - 100 - 100 Cotton 100 10 15 0 30 20 50 90 10 0 98 Dallisgrass 98 100 98 20 100 100 100 100 100 0 100 Goosegrass 80 100 98 98 100 100 100 100 98 100 100 Guinea Grass Guineagrass 95 95 20 0 95 100 80 95 80 10 65 Itchgrass 40 50 0 0 0 10 10 30 0 0 25 Johnson grass 85 90 80 70 95 98 95 95 90 35 100 Johnsongrass Large Crabgrass 65 100 100 98 100 100 100 100 100 35 98 Peanuts 40 80 5 0 60 35 50 40 0 20 70 Pit Morn glory 80 95 20 35 80 95 85 80 90 70 90 Purple Nutsedge 65 20 5 10 0 30 30 60 10 5 30 Sandbur 100 80 30 50 98 85 98 65 85 0 90 Sourgrass 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 95 100 Sugarcane 5 Surinam grass 100 40 5 100 100 100 98 98 10 10 Table H COMPOUND Rate 125 g/ha 1 2 3 4 5 12 14 30 POSTEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 100 85 70 75 80 75 75 80 ADexandergrass - _ _ _ _ _ Bermudagrass 95 75 70 90 60 50 65 55 Brdlf Sgnlgrass 100 90 90 90 50 50 65 75 Cmn Purslane 100 75 65 75 50 30 60 0 Cmn Ragweed 100 98 80 95 80 65 80 Cotton 100 98 100 80 65 75 85 35 Dallisgrass 100 85 90 85 75 75 80 75 Goosegrass 85 40 30 50 65 20 20 40 Guineagrass 90 75 50 40 80 75 80 20 Itchgrass 90 - - 80 75 70 55 Johnson grass 100 90 65 90 80 75 70 65 Large Crabgrass 95 75 - 80 40 65 70 85 Peanuts 35 10 10 10 - 35 30 10 Pit Morninglory 100 75 85 95 65 30 35 80 Purple Nutsedge 98 75 50 50 0 30 65 25 Sandbur 98 30 10 40 75 10 10 60 Sourgrass 80 75 50 30 65 50 60 75 Sugarcane - - Surinam grass 95 90 50 80 85 75 75 35 Table H COMPOUND Rate 125 g/ha 2 3 4 5 12 14 16 PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 95 85 0 0 98 98 90 90 25 Bermudagrass 98 100 80 80 100 100 95 90 98 Brdlf Sgnlgrass 35 75 30 0 80 85 95 50 0 Cmn Purslane 100 80 90 100 100 - 100 100 100 Cmn Ragweed 100 100 100 100 - 100 - - 100 Cotton 60 0 0 0 30 0 10 50 10 Dallisgrass 95 100 0 0 100 90 95 100 100 Goosegrass 100 100 98 90 100 100 98 100 100 Guinea Grass Guineagrass 65 90 0 0 85 90 50 40 45 Itchgrass 10 40 0 0 0 0 10 30 0 Johnson grass 75 40 40 0 80 90 0 75 20 Johnsongrass Large Crabgrass 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 98 Peanuts 40 40 0 0 60 30 50 10 0 Pit Morninglory 80 75 35 30 80 95 75 50 80 Purple Nutsedge 0 0 5 5 0 25 30 20 0 Sandbur 85 65 20 0 95 40 50 - 70 Sourgrass 100 100 90 70 100 100 100 100 100 Sugarcane Surinam grass 98 10 0 100 98 90 85 90 Table H COMPOUND Rate 64 g/ha 3 4 5 16 30 PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 90 60 0 0 30 0 0 20 Bermudagrass 98 100 50 75 95 90 85 100 Brdlf Sgnlgrass 0 10 20 0 50 5 0 0 Cmn Purslane 10 60 65 50 100 - 100 0 Cmn Ragweed 100 100 80 100 - 100 100 100 Cotton 20 0 0 0 30 0 0 40 Dallisgrass 80 98 - 0 100 90 85 70 Goosegrass 100 98 50 98 100 98 98 100 Guinea Grass Guineagrass 5 85 0 10 50 0 0 Itchgrass 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 Johnson grass 50 20 0 30 20 0 0 Johnsongrass Large Crabgrass 50 98 0 50 75 70 98 100 Peanuts 5 20 0 0 60 0 0 0 Pit Morn glory 80 65 0 - 75 80 40 40 Purple Nutsedge 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 Sandbur 40 50 0 0 65 0 50 80 Sourgrass 100 100 90 40 100 98 98 100 Sugarcane Surinam grass 0 95 20 80 Table H COMPOUND Rate 32 g/ha 1 2 3 4 5 16 PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cotton Dallisgrass Goosegrass Guinea Grass Guineagrass Itchgrass Johnson grass Johnsongrass Large Crabgrass Peanuts Pit Morninglory Purple Nutsedge Sandbur Sourgrass Sugarcane Surinam grass 10 0 40 Table H COMPOUND Rate 16 g/ha 1 2 3 4 5 PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 0 30 0 0 0 Bermudagrass 35 0 40 30 30 Brdlf Sgnlgrass 0 0 0 0 50 Cmn Purslane 0 0 40 0 80 Cmn Ragweed 50 20 100 20 Co ton 0 0 0 0 Dallisgrass 5 0 0 0 90 Goosegrass 0 20 0 0 90 Guinea Grass Guineagrass Itchgrass Johnson grass Johnsongrass Large Crabgrass Peanuts Pit Morninglory Purple Nutsedge Sandbur Sourgrass Sugarcane Surinam grass 20 0 10 Table H COMPOUND Table H COMPOUND Rate 8 g/ha 1 2 3 4 5 Rate 8 g/ha 1 2 3 POSTEMERGENCE PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass - 70 10 5 60 Alexandergrass ADexandergrass Bermudagrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cmn Ragweed Cotton Cotton Dallisgrass Dallisgrass Goosegrass Goosegrass Guinea Grass Guineagrass Guineagrass I chgrass I chgrass Johnson grass Johnson grass Large Crabgrass Johnsongrass Peanuts Large Crabgrass 20 0 Pit Morninglory Peanuts 0 50 Purple Nutsedge Pit Morninglory 80 0 Sandbur Purple Nutsedge 0 Sourgrass Sandbur - 0 Sugarcane Sourgrass 80 50 Surinam grass 40 10 0 65 Sugarcane Surinam grass 0 0 Table H COMPOUND Table H COMPOUND Rate 4 g/ha 1 2 5 Rate 4 g/ha 1 2 5 POSTEMERGENCE PREEMERGENCE Alexandergrass 100 60 60 Alexandergrass ADexandergrass Bermudagrass Bermudagrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Brdlf Sgnlgrass Cmn Purslane Cmn Purslane Cmn Ragweed Cmn Ragweed Cotton Cotton Dallisgrass Dallisgrass Goosegrass Goosegrass Guinea Grass Guineagrass Guineagrass Itchgrass Itchgrass Johnson grass Johnson grass Large Crabgrass Johnsongrass Peanuts Large Crabgrass 20 Pit Morninglory Peanuts 0 Purple Nutsedge Pit Morninglory 60 Sandbur Purple Nutsedge 0 Sourgrass 35 10 10 Sandbur Sugarcane Sourgrass 0 2 Surinam grass 50 0 30 Sugarcane Surinam grass

Claims: CLAIMS What is claimed is: 1. A compound selected from Formula I, N-oxides and agriculturally-suitable salts thereof, wherein Q is Q-3 Q-4 J is X is O, S(O) r , Ν(C,-C 2 alkyl) or CH 2 optionally substituted with 1-2 C r C 2 alkyl; Y together with the carbons to which it is attached form a phenyl ring or a fused five or six-membered heterocyclic ring, which may be fully aromatic or partially or fully saturated, containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms incependently selected from the group nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, provided that the heterocyclic ring contains no more than 2 oxygens and no more than 2 sulfurs, and the ring is optionally substituted with one to three groups independently selected from the group C j -Cg alkyl, Cι -C 6 haloalkyl, C ] -C 6 alkoxy, C j -C^ haloalkoxy, C j -C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C j - , alkylsulfinyl, Ci-Cg haloalkylsulfinyl, C j -C^ alkylsulfonyl, C j -C^ haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C | -C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C dialkylaminosulfonyl, NR 15 R 16 , C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, C 2 C 6 alkoxycaibonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, phenyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, and pyridyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, provided that when a nitrogen atom of the fused heterocyclic ring is substituted, then the nitrogen substituent is other than halogen, Z is selected from the group -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -OCH 2 CH 2 -, -O-CH=CH-, -NR13CH 2 CH 2 -, -NR 13 CH=CH-, -N=CHCH 2 -, -OCH 2 O-, -NR 13 CH 2 NR 13 -, -N=CHNR 13 -, -CH 2 OCH 2 , -CH 2 NR 13 CH 2 -, -CH 2 S(O) r CH 2 -, -CH 2 C(O)CH 2 -, -CH=NCH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 - -OCH 2 -, -SCH 2 -, and -NR 13 CH 2 -, each group optionally substituted with one to four R 5 , and the directionality of the Z linkage is defined such that the moiety depicted on the left side of the linkage is bonded to the carbonyl carbon of Q-i, R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C ( -C 6 alkyl, Cι -C 6 haloalkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy, C j -C 6 haloalkoxy, C ] -C 6 alkylthio, C r C haloalkylthio, , alkylsulfinyl, C r C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C r C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, Cι -C 2 alkylamιnosulfon 1 C 2 -C 4 dialkylaminosulfonyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, each R 3 is C r C 2 alkyl; R 4 is OR 14 , SH, C r C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C r C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C,-C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C j -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C j -C^ haloalkylsulfonyl, halogen or NR 15 R 16 , or R 4 is phenylthio, phenylsulfonyl or -SCH 2 C(0)Ph, each optionally substituted with C C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro, each R 5 is independently H, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C6 alkenyl, C 3 -C6 alkynyl, C r C 3 alkoxy, formyl, C 2 -Cg alkoxycarbonyl, -CH(C r C 3 alkoxy) 2 , C C 3 alkylthio, C 2 -C 4 alkylthioalkyl, cyano or halogen, or when two R are attached to the same carbon atom, then said R 5 pair can be taken together to form -OCH 2 CH 2 O-, -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O-, -SCH 2 CH 2 S- or -SCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 S-, each group optionally substituted with 1-4 CH 3 ; R 6 is OR 14 , SH, C Γ C 6 alkylthio, C r C 6 haloalkylthio, C r C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C,-C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C r C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, halogen or NR 15 R 16 ; or R 4 is phenylthio, phenylsulfonyl or -SCH 2 C(0)Ph, each optionally substituted with C j -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 7 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 alkynyl or -CH 2 CH 2 OR 13 ; or R 7 is phenyl or benzyl, each optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with Cj-C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 8 is H, C]-C 6 alkyl, Ci -C^ haloalkyl, C j -C^, alkoxy, C j -C 6 haloalkoxy, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 9 is H, C C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl; R 10 is H, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 haloalkoxycarbonyl, C0 2 H or cyano; R 1 1 is C Γ C 6 alkyl, Cι-C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-4 C r C 3 alkyl or C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkyl; R 12 is cyano, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, S(O) r R 16 or C(O)NR ! 5R 16 ; R 13 is H or C r C 6 alkyl; R 14 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, formyl, C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C(0)NR 15 R 16 , C,-C 6 alkylsulfonyl or C ] -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl; or R 14 is phenyl, benzyl, benzoyl, -CH 2 C(O)phenyl or phenylsulfonyl, each optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with C r C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; R 15 ιs H or C r C 6 alkyl; R 16 is C j -C 6 alkyl or C r C 6 alkoxy; or R 15 and R 16 can be taken together as -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - or -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 -; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is 1 or 2; p is 0, 1 , or 2; and r is 0, 1 or 2. A compound of Claim 1 wherein J is selected from the group J-l J-2 J-3 J-5 J-6 J-7 J-9 J-10 J-13 J-14 J-15 J-16 J-17 J-18 J-19 J-20 J-21 J-2_ J-23 J-24 J-25 J-26 J-27 J-28 J-29 J-30 J-32 J-33 J-34 J-37 J-38 J-39 J-40 J-42 R 17 is H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy, C r C 6 haloalkoxy, C, -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C j -C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C dialkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -Cg alkoxyalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl or C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl; or R 17 is phenyl or pyridyl, each optionally substituted with C ] -C3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 18 is independently H, C r C 6 alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C r C 6 alkoxy, C r C 6 haloalkoxy, C r C 6 alkylthio, C^ haloalkylthio, Cj-Cg alkylsulfinyl, C j -C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C r C 6 haloalkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C r C 2 alkylaminosulfonyl, C 2 -C dialkylaminosulfonyl, NR 15 R 16 , C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkylcarbonyl, halogen, cyano or nitro; each R 19 is independently H, C j -Cg alkyl, C r C 6 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkoxyalkyl, C -C5 alkoxycarbonyl or C 2 -Cg alkylcarbonyl; and q is 0, 1 or 2. 3. A compound of Claim 2 wherein: Q is Q-1. 4. A compound of Claim 3 wherein: Z is CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 optionally substituted with one to four R 5 ; R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C j -C 3 alkyl, C j -C 3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 4 is OR 14 ; and R 14 is H or C j -C 4 alkylsulfonyl; or R 14 is benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl, each optionally substituted with C j -C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano or nitro. 5. A compound of Claim 4 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. 6. A compound of Claim 2 wherein: Q is Q-2. 7. A compound of Claim 6 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C^-C^ alkyl, C r C 3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 6 is H or C j -C alkylsulfonyl; or R 6 is benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl. each optionally substituted with Cj-C 3 alkyl, halogen, cyano, or nitro; R 7 is H, C j -C 6 alkyl, or C 3 -C 6 alkenyl; and R 8 is H. 8. A compound of Claim 7 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. 9. A compound of Claim 2 wherein: Q is Q-3. 10. A compound of Claim 9 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, Cj-C 3 alkyl, C ] -C 3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 9 is H, C ] -C 3 alkyl, or cyclopropyl; and R 10 is H or C 2 -C 3 alkoxycarbonyl. 1 1. A compound of Claim 10 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. 12. A compound of Claim 2 wherein: Q is Q-4. 13. A compound of Claim 12 wherein: R 1 and R 2 are independently H, C J -C3 alkyl, C r C3 alkoxy, halogen or nitro; R 1 1 is C3-C5 cycloalkyl or C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, each optionally substituted with 1-4 C]-C 3 alkyl; and R 12 is cyano or C 2 -Cg alkoxycarbonyl. 14. A compound of Claim 13 wherein: X is S(O) r ; m is 1 or 2; and r is 2. 15. The compound of Claim 1 which is selected from the group: a) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]- 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione S,.S"-dioxide; b) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione S^-dioxide; c) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbony l]-5-methy 1- 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione S,S-dioxide ; d) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- ]pyrazol-8-yl)( l -ethyl- 5-hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone S^S-dioxide; e) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]- 1 ,3-cyclohexanedione -sS-dioxide; f) 2-[(4,5-dihydro-2,7, 10-trimethyl-2H[ 1 ]benzothiepino[ ,4-c]pyrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l ,3-cyclohexanedione S^ -dioxide; g) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[ 1 ]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,S-dioxide monosodium salt; h) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione S^S-dioxide monosodium salt; i) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyI[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l ,3-cyclohexanedione S,5-dioxide monosodium salt; j) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8-yl)( 1 -ethyl- 5-hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone 5,5-dioxide monosodium salt; k) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione .S^S-dioxide monosodium salt; 1) 2-[(4,5-dihydro-2,7,10-trimethyl-2H[l]benzothiepino[5,4-c]pyrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedione isS-dioxide monosodium salt; m) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[ 1 ]benzothiopyrano[4,3- ]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l ,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide monopotassium salt; n) 2-[(2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyl[ 1 ]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione ■S'.S'-dioxide monopotassium salt; o) 2-[(2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedione S,5-dioxide monopotassium salt; p) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8-yI)(l-ethyl- 5-hydroxy-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone S.S-dioxide monopotassium salt; q) 2-[(3-chloro-2-ethyl-2,4-dihydro-6,9-dimethyI[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3- c]pyrazol-8-yl)carbonyl]-l,3-cyclohexanedione 5,5-dioxide monopotassium salt; r) 2-[(4,5-dihydro-2,7,10-tπmethyl-2H[l]benzothιepιno[5,4-c]pyrazol-9- yl)carbonyl]-5-methyl-l,3-cyclohexanedιone 5,5-dioxιde monopotassium salt, s) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8-yl)[l-ethyl- 5-[(methylsulfonyl)oxy]-lH-pyrazol-4-yl] methanone 5,5-dιoxιde; and t) (2,4-dihydro-2,6,9-trimethyl[l]benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol-8-yl)[l-ethyl- 5-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy]-lH-pyrazol-4-yl] methanone S,5-dioxιde. 16. A mixture comprising a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of Claim 15 with a herbicidally effective amount of one or more compounds selected from tribenuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsulfuron, triasulfuron, 2,4-D, dicamba, bromoxynil, MCPA, fluroxypyr, clopyrahd, fenoxaprop, diclofop, tralkoxydim, clodinafop, imazamethabenz, sulfosulfuron, difenzoquat, propanil, prosulfuron, metribuzin, glyphosate, triallate, trifluralin, paraquat, diallate, linuron, diflufenican, pendimethalin, cyanazine, neburon, terbutryn, prosulfocarb, isoproturon, chlortoluron, methabenzthiazuron, metoxuron, simazine, loxynil, mecoprop, metosulam, fluroglycophen-ethyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, benzoylpropethyl, ethametsulfuron-methyl, quinclorac, bentazone, rimsulfuron, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, atrazine, terbuthylazine, imazethapyr, glyphosate-tπmesium, glufosinate, fluthiacet-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, flumetsulam, halosulfuron, sethoxydim, and fl umicl orac -pentyl . 17. A herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of Claim 1 and at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent 18. A herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally effective amount of a mixture of Claim 16 and at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent 19. A method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation comprising contacting the vegetation or its environment with a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of Claim 1. 20. A method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation comprising contacting the vegetation or its environment with a herbicidally effective amount ol a mixture of Claim 16.

Inventors: TSENG CHI-PING, TSENG, CHI-PING
Applicants: DU PONT, TSENG CHI PING, E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, TSENG, CHI-PING
Application year: 1996
Main classification: C07D495
IPC codes: A01N43, C07D335, C07D495, C07D498