Control circuit

Abstract: A method of detecting when a moving component (12) of an electromagnetically operable device (10) attains a final position after de-energising a winding (11) of the device comprises allowing the energising current to fall to zero and prior to the component reaching its final position, connecting a sensing circuit (15, 16) in parallel with the winding, the current flow in the sensing circuit increasing from the instant of connections and decreasing when the component reaches its final position, said sensing circuit detecting the change in current flow.

Description: This invention relates to a method of detecting when a moving component of an electromagnetically operable device attains a final position after de-energising a winding forming part of the device. An example of such a device is an electromagnetically operable spill control valve forming part of the fuel system of an internal combustion engine. When the winding is energised the spill control valve member moves to its closed position against the action of a spring. When the winding is de-energised the valve member moves to its open position as determined by a stop, under the action of the spring. For the assessment of the operation of the spill control valve it is useful to have a signal indicative of when the valve member engages the stop. US 4 328 526 describes an apparatus for controlling the current through an electromagnetically actuable injection valve using a current sensing resistor in parallel to the injector coil. The current through the winding is controlled in such a way that an increased current flows through the winding of the valve to initiate movement of the valve, and a reduced current flows through the winding to hold the valve in an open position. The holding current is controlled by switching means in such a way that the the power loss during operation of the valve is minimised. PCT application WO 87/05662, e.g. Fig. 5,6, also describes a method of controlling the current through the winding of an electromagnetically operable injection valve and detecting the end of the injector opening period from a change of a current slope signal from positive to negative (compare with claim 1, first part). The object of the invention is to provide a method for indicating when the valve member engages the stop in a simple and convenient form. According to the invention, a method of detecting when a moving component of an electromagnetically operable device attains a final position after de-energising a winding forming part of a device, includes the steps of; allowing the energising current in the winding to fall to zero, and, connecting a sensing circuit through which current can flow in parallel with the winding prior to the component reaching its final position, the current in said sensing circuit increasing from the instant of connection and decreasing when the component reaches its final position, and detecting the change from increasing current to decreasing current so as to detect when the component has reached its final position. In the accompanying drawings:- Figure 1 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnetically operable device and the associated circuit components, Figures 2A-2C show the signal waveforms at various points in the circuit, Figure 2D shows the movement of a component of the device, and Figure 2E shows an output signal which is obtained from the circuit. Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, an electromagnetically operable device in the form of a spill control valve of an engine fuel injection system, is indicated at 10 and it comprises a winding 11 associated with which is a movable armature which is coupled to a valve member 12. the valve member is spring biased to the open position. One end of the winding 11 can be connected by means of a switchable device Q1 to a positive supply line 13 and the other end of the winding by means of a switchable device Q2, to a negative supply line 14. A sensing resistor 15 is interposed between the switch Q2 and the supply line 14. The one end of the winding 11 is connected through the cathode anode path of a diode D1 to the supply line 14 and the other end of the winding is connected by way of the anode cathode path of a diode D2 to the supply line 13. In operation, following energisation of the winding by controlling the operation of the switches Q1 and Q2, a control voltage V1 having a waveform as indicated in Figure 2A is applied to the switch Q1 and a voltage V2 as shown in Figure 2B is applied to the switch Q2. The current waveform in the winding is shown in Figure 2C, the mean current ILH being a holding current required to maintain the valve member 12 in the closed position. The control voltages V1 and V2 are supplied by a logic control circuit 17 which forms part of or receives signals from an engine control system. When it is required to open the spill valve both switches Q1 and Q2 are opened and the current flowing in the winding 11 falls at a high rate, the current flowing through the diodes D1 and D2 to the supply. The valve member 12 starts to move towards the open position under the action of the spring as shown in Figure 2D and this movement continues after the current in the winding has fallen to zero. Prior to the valve member being brought to rest, the switch Q2 is re-closed by applying the control voltage V2. Re-closing the switch Q2 has the surprising effect that a current starts to circulate in the circuit including the winding, the diode D1, the switch Q2 and the resistor 15, the current flow being due to the fact that the winding/armature combination acts as a generator. When the valve member and armature are brought to rest the generator effect ceases and the current starts to decrease and the change in slope of the current waveform can be detected by means of a detector circuit 16 conveniently in the form of a differentiating circuit. Figure 2C shows the current waveform and Figure 2E shows the output of the detector circuit. It will be appreciated that in order for the circuit to work as described, the voltage which is generated by the winding/armature combination must exceed the forward voltage drop of the diode D1. In the situation where the winding has too few turns as may be the case with a winding for a low voltage supply, the detector may be responsive to current flow in a sensing resistor which is connected in parallel with the winding by means of a further switch. It should also be noted that the action of closing the switch Q2 means that there will be a small retarding force applied to the armature and this may be beneficial in reducing the impact of the valve member and/or the armature on its stop.

Claims: A method of detecting when a moving component (12) of an electromagnetically operable device (10) attains a final position after de-energising a winding (11) forming part of a device using the step of allowing the energising current in the winding to fall to zero, and, characterised by the steps of; connecting a sensing circuit (15, 16) through which current can flow in parallel with the winding (11) prior to the component (12) reaching its final position, the current in said sensing circuit increasing from the instant of connection and decreasing when the component reaches its final position, and detecting the change from increasing current to decreasing current so as to detect when the component has reached its final position. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that said sensing circuit includes a resistor (15), a switch (Q2) operable to connect said resistor in parallel with said winding (11) and detector circuit (16) responsive to said change in current flow in said winding. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that said detector circuit (16) is a differentiating circuit. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that said resistor (15) and said switch (Q2) form a connection between one end of the winding (11) and a terminal (14), the other end of the winding being connected to said one terminal (14) by way of a diode (D1) which is poled to conduct said current when the switch (Q2) is closed. A method according to Claim 4, characterised in that said terminal (14) is one terminal of a source of electric supply, the other terminal (13) which can be connected to the other end of the winding (11) by way of a further switch (Q1), said first mentioned switch (Q2) and said further switch (Q1) being closed to energise said winding, and a further diode (D2) connected between said one end of the winding (11) and said other terminal (13) of the source of supply.

Inventors: ARCHER MICHAEL ANTHONY, ARCHER, MICHAEL ANTHONY
Applicants: LUCAS INDUSTRIES LTD, LUCAS INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Application year: 1996
Main classification: F02D41
IPC codes: H01F7, F02D41