IMPROVED SHARPENED BLADE FOR ROTATING SCREW FEEDERS OF CUTTING-MIXING MACHINES

Abstract: The invention discloses a blade (1; 10; 30) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines for fodder, grass silage and similar. It is made by a metal disk (3) having multiple sharp profiles (6) which are made by multiple hollows (7; 71; 75) obtained on the edge of the disk (3). Such hollows are able to give the perimeter of the disk a variable profile which realizes on the product under processing an aggressive dragging and cutting action, being the variable profile sharpened for all the length of its perimeter according to a triangular cross-section profile (22) so to make it sharp.

Description: IMPROVED SHARPENED BLADE FOR ROTATING SCREW FEEDERS OF CUTTING-MIXING MACHINES The invention concerns an improved sharpened blade, particularly suitable to be applied to rotating screw feeders of cutting-mixing machines 5 for fodder, grass silage and similar It is well-known that to put into practice the cutting and mixing action, the rotating screw feeders located on the cutting-mixing machines are equipped with cutting blades on the edge In a well-known realization, such blades, one of them is presented in fig, 1 ui stated by 100, are formed by a disk 101 having a basically quadrangular rounded off corners as to present basically an octagonal shape with uneven sides The blade s perimeter is sharpened according to a triangular, cross-section profile as to make it entirely sharp and able to carry out the necessary cutting action on the product in contact with it 15 The blade is also equipped with a centre bore which has a polygonal section, preferably squared, in which it is coupled with the collar which is also square sectioned, presents in the under head of the fixing screw 300 to the rotating screw feeders 200 It has a circular hole which hosts the fixing screw which, through a tightened nut, holds the blade to the screw 0 feeder Also the blade, as can be observed in fig 1 , is protruding compared to the profile of the screw feeder for that part of its perimeter which carries out the cutting action on the product Blades belonging to the described known technique present the 25 inconvenient that during the cutting action, because of the peripheral efforts, particularly strong or because of the loosening of the bolts that connect them to the screw feeder, can be trained in the rotation, for example according the anticlockwise direction 400, so to displace themselves according to the shaping shown by sketched line in fig 1 It ) can be observed that in such a position the blade develops a practically void cutting action because its sharp edge is substantially covered by the profile 201 of the screw feeder 200 and so the blade does not come in contact with the mateπal to be cut up Other blades having a circular shape are known they offer the advantage 35 to perform a constant cutting action which is independent from the fact that they can incidentally rotate on the screw feeder's clamping In fact thanks to their circular form, the active part of their sharp perimeter is always protruding if compared to the screw feeder's profile and so they always develop a cutting action The inconvenience of such circular formed blades consists in the fact that the cutting action of the blades is not very aggressive as the impact with the product to be cut up is always done according to the curved convex profiles Cases are also known where the blades are equipped with peripheral teeth Such blades offer the advantage to always perform a cutting effect even if they incidentally rotate on the screw feeder's clamping and thanks to the presence of these teeth they increase the blade's aggressively on the product to be processed They do however present the inconvenience that the spaces between teeth are not sharp and so, the cutting action is only done by the teeth alone and this causes a reduction of the cutting efficiency only because part of the total perimeter of the blade takes part in cutting up action It is in order to eliminate such inconvenients, the realization of the blade for rotating screw feeders of cutting-mixing machines for fodder, grass silage and similar, has been made object of the present invention In particular, one of the purposes of the invention is to obtain a blade for rotating screw feeders which carries out on the product under processing, substantially, always the same cutting action, independently from the angle that this assumes whenever it is rotated on the clamping system which holds it to the screw feeder, assuming different configurations as to that of it's initial one Another purpose is that the aggressiveness of the cutting effect of the blade object of the invention, that it performs on the product, is practically independent from its angle according to which the blade is assembled to the screw feeder An additional purpose is that the blade object of the invention should permit better cutting yields than other blades The mentioned purposes are achieved with the construction of a blade for rotating screw feeders of cutting-mixing machines for fodder, grass silage and similar, which according to the main claim, include a metal disk equipped at the periphery with a plurality of sharp profiles and at least with one bore which hosts means in order to hold the disk to the rotating screw feeder, and it is peculiar that such sharp profiles are realized by a plurality of hollows along the edge which give the perimeter of the disk a variable profile in order to realize on the product under processing a dragging and cutting aggressive action, said variable profile being cutting along all its peπmetπc length with a triangular cross-section, make it entirely sharp According to a preferred embodiment, the blade object of the invention is provided of a plurality of hollows which present a concave profile These hollows are distanced by the portion of the disk not affected by them and which have a convex profile They are also arranged symmetrically to the perimeter of the disk According to a different embodiment, the profile of each hollow intersects the profile of the next one in order to define a sharp perimeter formed by hollows and cusps Both these solutions according to a different way of constructing them can foresee that each hollow, instead of a curved profile, has a profile formed by one or more consecutive segments In addition also the periphery of the disk not involved by the hollows, can have a profile formed by one or more consecutive segments The above purpose can be described with a reference to the drawings represented in the enclosed tables, where - Fig 1 shows a known blade assembled to the rotating screw feeder, - Fig 2 shows a plurality of blades object of the invention, represented according to a frontal anterior axonometπc view and assembled to a rotating screw feeder, - Fig 3 shows the blades object of the invention represented in back axonometπc view assembled to a rotating screw feeder, - Fig 4 shows the rotating blade object of the invention in a frontal anterior view, - Fig 5 shows the blade object of the invention in a cross-section and assembled to the rotating screw feeder by fixing means, - Fig 6 shows a different embodiment of the blade object of the invention, - Fig 7 shows another embodiment of the blade object of the invention Fig 2 and fig 3 represent the blade object of the invention stated with 1 , which is assembled to a rotating screw feeder 2, belonging to a cutting- mrxing wagon for fodder, grass silage and similar, not represented in the drawing Fig 4 shows in detail, the blade 1 object of the invention formed by a metal disk 3, with a bore 4 made in a central position and of a plurality of sharp profiles 6 realized along its perimeter Fig 5 shows the blade 1 , assembled to the corresponding screw feeder 2, by a screw 5, which is formed by a head 51 , a collar 52 with squared section realized under the head 51 and suitable for being assembled to the hole 4 of the disk 3 and by a thread 54 inserted in the hole 21 made in the screw feeder, the nut 55 screwed down, fix the blade 1 to the screw feeder 2 With reference to the sharp profiles 6, as can be observed in the fig 4 that they are realized with a plurality of hollows 7 along the perimeter of the disk 3, giving a variable profile which is later, sharpened according to a triangular shape 22 as can be seen in fig 5 and suitable for making it entirely sharp and able to developing the necessary cutting action on the product in all the parts of its perimeter It can be observed in particular that in the executive solution represented in the fig 4, the named hollows 7 are cavity with a curved profile and are arranged in a symmetrical way according to angular positions out of phase of constant quantities In addition these hollows are spaced by peripheral parts 8 of the disk which are not being removed to make the hollows 7 and so have a convex profile During the spinning of the blade 1 , the raw material under processing is held in the inner part of these hollows 7 and is cut up by the cutting action of the sharp profile 6 present along the entirely perimeter of the blade, eventually in combination with the mechanical reaction made by counterblades, not represented in the drawing and located the internal cutting-mixing wagon which is not represented too It can be understood that when the material enters in contact with the sharp profile of the hollows 7, besides to endure the dragging action, an aggressive action is done due to the fact that the product enter in contact with the sharp convex profile that in this way increase the impact s angle and makes more aggressive the cutting action In addition, the blade 1 realizes a cutting action which is mainly constant and not affected by the position that it assumes in relation to the screw feeder to which it is fixed It can be observed in fact in drawings 2 and 3 that whichever is the angle position of the blade compared to the screw feeder it always presents the sharp profile protruding from the profile 20 of the screw feeder 2 and so its cutting action is substantially independent from eventually rotating shiftiπgs around the screw which realizes the connection with the screw feeder, and may occur during the process Also, being all the disk s profile involved by the sharpening and so being sharp the blade 1 realises cutting outputs even superior if compared to known blades A different ambodimeπt of the blade object of the invention, stated with 10, is represented in fig 6 wherein it can be observed that each hollow 71 presents a profile formed by two consecutive segments 72 and 73 so that the sharp cutting profile of the blade 10 has a multiple form Eventually, even the areas 81 of the blade not interested in the execution of the hollows 71 , instead to presents a curved profile, can present a profile formed by one or more segments Another embodiment of the disk object of the invention, stated with 30, is represented in fig 7 wherein it can be observed that each hollow 72 presents a curved profile and intersect the adjacent hollow determining in this way on the blade's profile a plurality of cusps 74 It is understood that, the blade object of the invention even in the different embodiments here described, reach the prefixed goals to develop a cutting action independently from the fact that during the manufacturing, it changes its position compared to the initial fixed position Besides, combining among them the hollow's number which are obtained in the disk, their form, their position and their profile, it is possible to obtain blades that realize less or more aggressive cutting effects with better cutting performance if compared to those known During the realization step the blade object of the invention will however, be manufactured according to other forms, different from those described Also, the invented blade could be realized whatever dimensions It is however clear that all the mentioned variations and all the others possible are to be considered protected by the present invention.

Claims: CLAIMS 1 ) Blade (1 , 10, 30) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines for fodder, grass silage and similar, comprising a metal disk (3) equipped with a plurality of sharp profiles (6) and with at least one hole (4) which hosts clamping means (5) between said disk (4) and said rotating screw feeder (2) characterised in that the sharp profiles (6) are a plurality of hollows (7, 71 , 75) made on the perimeter of said disk (3) so that they are able to give the disk's perimeter a vaπable profile in order to realize on the product under processing a dragging and cutting aggressive action, the variable profile being sharpened for its peπmetπc length according to a triangular cross-section (22) as to make it entirely sharp 2) Blade (1 ) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines according to the claim 1 ) characterised in that said hollows (7) are concavities having a curved profile 3) Blade (10) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines according to the claim 1 ) characterised in that each of the hollows (71 ) presents a profile formed by at least one segment (72, 73) 4) Blade (10) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines according to the claim (3) characterised in that the profile of each of the said hollows (71 ) is formed by two segments (72, 73) convergent among them 5) Blade (1 , 10) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines according to the claim 1 ) characterised in that said hollows (7, 71 ) are spaced each other and present a suitable width to define on the disk's edge (3) areas (8) not interested in the removal of material to manufacture such hollows (7, 71 ) 6) Blade (30) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines, according to the claim 1 ) characterised in that said hollows (75) intersect themselves reciprocally defining a plurality of cusps (74) 7) Blade (1 , 10, 30) for rotating screw feeders (2) of cutting-mixing machines according to the claim 1 ) characterised in that said hollows (7, 71 , 75) are distributed in a regular manner on the disk's edge (3) on which they have been realized

Inventors: LOPPOLI GIUSEPPE, LOPPOLI, GIUSEPPE
Applicants: LOPPOLI GIUSEPPE, SEKO SPA, LOPPOLI, GIUSEPPE, SEKO S.P.A.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: A01F29
IPC codes: A01F29, A01K5, B01F7, B01F13, B01F15