HIGH-CAPACITY, HIGH-COMFORT SPLIT-LEVEL SEATING

Abstract: A split-level seating device for elevating and mounting alternate rows of seats for aircraft, surface transportation and for stationary applications, as a means to gain greater seating capacity and to attain a high level of comfort for every sitter, by pre-empting otherwise unutilized or inefficient spatial displacement within such vehicles, to enable every sitter a lower seating position and every sitter to raise the legs at or above the level of the torso. A modular structure raises every other row of seats with their corresponding cross-aisle walkways at a sufficient height to provide legroom for floor level sitter, said module incorporating a legrest extension for upper level sitter, including the means for affixing state-of-the-art safety, sanitary and conveniency devices, such as safety crash-absorbing air bags and high-security kevlar lining, oxygen dispensers, purge vents and ultra-violet light outlets to cleanse the environment, moveable and adjustable footrests, eating-writing surfaces, and audio-visual entertainment and communications devices. The manner following convention of mounting arrays of massed seats at floor level is improved upon by elevating alternate rows of seats by means of said modular devices, all seats, both floor and split-level, being accessed from the same floor surface.

Description: HIGH-CAPACITY, HIGH-COMFORT SPLIT-LEVEL SEATING DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to split-level seating for providing more comfort and seating capacity for passengers, such as within surface transpoπ and aircraft, and for stationar uses, such as resting or sleep-in stalls and furniture, by providing improvements in the an. More specifically, the present invention includes a modular pedestal for raising and mounting every other row of seats and their corresponding cross-aisle walkways sufficiently above floor level, to open up legroom underneath for the floor level sitters, and appropriating the void above the lower seats to provide legroom for the upper level sitters. The present invention aims to provide increased legroom for every sitter, for those sitting on the lower or floor level and for those on every other row of upper or, herein synonymously and interchangeably alluded to as, split-level seats, by opening up legroom for lower level sitters within the alcove formed by vacating space occupied by the seats in front, which. together with their cross-aisle walkways, are raised sufficiently for that purpose, and. for upper level sitters, by employing the void above the next lower seats for the contrivance of cantilevered or suspended legrests for said sitters. By itself, seating everyone closer to the floor or walkway, thus raising the knee level above the waist, is already a gain in comfoπ. Enabling a greater seat recline angle for all seats by more fonvard slidability and providing legrests or ottomans, will further enhance comfort. Said structurally unified and torsionally rigid modular pedestal serves, in addition, to affix safety, sanitary and conveniency devices, consisting of. but not limited to, an impact-deploying safety airbag fore and a pre-deployed similar device aft for even passenger (thus technically satisfying the '35" head strike clearance' requirement ofthe U.S. FAA), air vents to purge certain areas of odor and noxious fumes in an emergency and ultraviolet light sources to periodically sanitize critical spots, and to attach other conveniency devices, such as folding writing-eating trays, reading lights, audio-visual and communications and oxygen dispensing devices, including customary luggage compaπments and privacy baffles baffles or curtains. In its preferred embodiment, which may or may not be structurally suspended from the overhead structure, this module lends to easy, motorized and computerized adjustment of pitch, either as suspended from said overhead structure or riding on rails along the floor structure, or simultaneously, to respond to late moment changes in seating configuration. Other embodiments of split-level seating, employing the same device for raising every other row of seats to open up legroom for the sitters underneath and utilizing the void above the lower seats to open space for upper or split-level legrests, are depicted in the drawings. In essence, jogging seats along the longitudinal floor plane accounts for the space-saving feature ofthe present invention, effecting sets of tandem seats, one atop the other, coacting to compress their conjoint pitch. Accordingly, seating capacity may be coaxed to virtually double as the upper seat is rotated upward and to the rear, albeit at the price of a higher seat for the split-level and a smaller leg stretching space for either level. Rather, a compromise is disclosed by the preferred embodiment suggesting a quantum leap in comfort combined with a modest saving in space. Thus, in a tandem of such seats in the present invention with a conjoint pitch setting of 60 inches (30 inches per sitter) enough space on either level would be opened to enable an average person to recline at 45 degrees and still raise the legs on a co-planar, or higher, attitude with the torso. A seven-footer in the lower seat would be seated upright, still be able to stretch his legs fully into the alcove thus formed, as would a person his size on the split level, and be far more comfortably seated than business class. At this pitch, standard U.S.A. buses with 47 passengers would seat 51. The preferred embodiment for split-level seating, the best algorithm, is a combination ofthe lowest walkway elevation and the lowest mounting ofthe split-level seat, which, given the conventional headroom of 75 inches or so within public transport, would enable a seven-footer to access the split-level with a minimal stoop. Other embodiments feature higher walkways and seat mounts, as split-level seats are rotated to further compress space, but such would impinge on the available headroom. In all of its embodiments, all improvements signified by split-level seating as disclosed in the present invention are integrated with the split-level seating module, the lower level seat, save for the provision of a lower seat mount and casters when required, being entirely passive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a general side perspective view of preferred embodiment in a typical vehicular application, showing rows of split-level seating modules ofthe present invention with upper or split-level seats lined transversely at three abreast, interspersed along the longitudinal plane by rows of floor level seats of identical size and number, all seats facing one direction, the modules touching or attached to the overhead structure. FIG. 2 is a side plan view of preferred embodiment of split-level seating ofthe present invention showing the allocation of useable space, the relative positions of floor and split-level seats, and the bodily disposition of average persons within; FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view of preferred embodiment of split-level seating taken on the line 2-2 in Fig. 4; FIG. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3 showing structure of split-level seating and all improvements signified by present invention; FIG. 5 is a side plan view of a very high capacity embodiment of split-level seating with each level of seats facing opposite directions; FIG. 6 is a side plan view of split-level seating for premier class transport applications; FIG. 7 is a side plan view of split-level seating for minimal headroom vehicular and open public waiting-room applications; FIG. 8 is a side plan view of split-level seating for typical furniture applications; FIG. 9 is a side plan view of split-level seating for typical enclosed sleep-in stall or enclosed public waiting-room applications. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS UTILIZED IN THE DRAWINGS 10-split-level seating module; 12-overhead structure; 14-floor structure; 16-floor or lower level seat; 18-split or upper level seat; 19-ancillary fold-down footrest; 20-elevated cross-aisle walkway; 22-footrest or ottoman; 24-step-up rung or foot well; 26-upper level console panel; 27-ultra-violet light source; 28-air purge vent; 29-lower level console panel; 30-upper seat mount and pod ;31 -safety airbag lower level fore; 32-safety airbag upper level fore; 33-safety airbag upper level aft; 34-safety airbag lower level aft; 35-upper level legrest; 36-upper level folding tray-legrest unit; 37-padded partitioning panel; 38-lower level folding tray; 39-pull-out ancillary footrest; 40-main load-bearing frame; 42-main frame overhead extension member; 44-main frame intermediate member; 46-main frame floor extension member; 48-lower level seat blind; 50-upper legrest foot stopper panel; 52-upper legrest baffle; 54-floor track casters; 56-overhead track; 57-overhead track casters; 58-floor track; 60-overhead luggage compartment; 61 -handhold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention reconfigures conventional seating within former spaces in vehicles, disclosing and pre-empting unobvious spatial economies for public and private seating as a means to increase torso and leg moving spaces (hence comfort) and save space (hence energy). No radical change in vehicle dimensions, no added floor surface or headroom is at all necessary. In gaining access to the seats, all from the same floor surface, only half of the passengers need climb one hop up, with no need to contort or to grovel. Being modular in structure, state-of-the-art safety and other devices are conveniently secured. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a split-level seating module generally indicated as 10, is provided to be set upon a floor surface 14 in the interior compartment of a passenger aircraft, train, bus, van or boat, or in stationary applications such as in public waiting areas as plain seats or sleep-in stalls. In a vehicular application, as shown, seats are arrayed in the manner of conventional seating longitudinally along designated space facing one direction with cross-aisles for egress and ingress, said seat rows alternately interspersed by module 10 by means of which the level of every other row of seats 18 is raised, along with its corresponding cross-aisle walkway 20. The stock bucket upper seat 18, partly supported by mount and pod 30, is fully reclinable, slidably mounted on elongated rails, and may be optionally height adjustable for fine-tuning seating comfort. The split-level walkway 20 linking seat mount and pod 30 to main frame 40 is sufficient to clear a foot extended underneath; thus cross-aisle walkway 20 is assured to be low enough to permit a single-hop ascent from floor level. Still, a step-up foot well 24 further eases ascent and descent to the split-level. The alcove formed fore ofthe lower level seat 16 is disposed by the seat formerly fore presently elevated seat 18 and main frame floor extension 46, along with its own walkway 20, which is supeφosed over the feet and legs ofthe lower level sitter, said alcove freeing up legroom for floor level sitter by as deep as the combined throw ofthe supeφosed elevated seat and its walkway and as wide as the seat displaced. Within the seating and leg-stretching space thus created a standard reclining bucket seat 16 fitted with casters or slidably mounted on elongated tracks, likewise optionally fitted with height adjusters, would, by its longer traverse and its standard ottoman 22, enable the sitter a semi-recumbent legs-up sitting position, and, as pitch increases and with full seatback rotation, allow a fully-recumbent position. As part ofthe main frame 40 intermediate frame 44, on either side of module 10, cantilevers the upper or split-level sitter's own padded legrest 35, or simultaneously suspends the module 10 from the overhead structure through upper extension member 42, to which the transverse footguard panel 50, the forward end of the upper legrest alcove, is secured. Passengers on either level are able to cross aisles to their respective seats with relative ease particularly when seatbacks are upright (FIG. 2), and reach up for luggage compartments 60 which may be opened to more than one side. Assuming the standard headroom shown, a seven-foot high person needs a slight crouch to enter the vehicle and a little more to access the split-level. Flexible privacy curtains or blinds 48 or rigid baffles 52 serve to set off compartments or sections of seats. FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view ofthe preferred embodiment of split-level seating modules 10, each framed on either end by main load-bearing frame 40, showing a series of three-seat wide modules as wide as lower level seats 16, the only non-integral parts of module 10, and split-level seats 18 with their corresponding legrests 35, across elevated cross-aisle walkway 20, composed of noise and shock-dampening padding whose surface is broken along its midpoint by a similarly padded section 36, which is the underside of a folding tray-writing surface which drops over console panel 26, which in turn serves as anchorage points for upper seat safety air bag devices 32 fore of seats 18, one such device is shown deployed while two other upper safety airbags 33 aft of seats 18 are likewise shown deployed, said console 26 also serving to attach other devices such as audio-visual, communications and oxygen apparati. Turning now to Fig. 4, sectional view is shown of module 10, incoφorating all improvements disclosed in the present invention. Various devices may be attached to the split-level seating module 10, such as pull-out ancillary footrest 39, slidable legrest or ottoman 22, air purging vents 28, for normal or emergency evacuation of effluents or noxious fumes, ultra-violet light sources 27 for periodic sanitizing of certain critical areas, folding eating-writing tray 38 for lower and 36 for upper level sitter, in addition to aforementioned twin safety air bags per person, pre-deployed 33 and 34 and impact-deploying 31 and 32, in an emergency. Console panels 26 for upper and 29 for lower level sitters serve to secure such devices as audio-visual entertainment and oxygen dispensing devices, and aforesaid safety air bags. Ample soft, padded surfaces 37 lining both sides of transverse portions of main frame 40 serve to isolate sounds, absorb vibrations and cushion other hard surfaces. Space-age materials, including high-security kevlar lining, may be designed into the module. Owing to the unique design of split-level seating as disclosed in the present invention, all improvements are integrated to the module 10. The floor level seat 16 is entirely stock and passive and needs only a lower seat mount and casters 54 for easy slidability when needed. While upper seat 18 is similarly stock, modifications to dispose part ofthe console panel 29 may be needed. Module 10 may either be permanently affixed or moveably pitch adjustable along floor track 58 or suspended either solely or simultaneously by casters 54 along overhead track 56 from overhead structure 12, to respond to varying loads and seating configurations. FIG. 5 is an embodiment of split-level seating exemplifying a very high capacity passenger vehicle configuration at a conjoint pitch of a mere 50 inches or 25 inches per passenger. In this disclosure, the sitters face opposing directions. Within the split-level seating module 10, the upper or split-level walkway 20 is situated higher from the floor level 14 requiring an extra rung of step-up foot well 24; likewise, the level of upper seat 18 is higher and requires a footrest 19 to raise the feet, hence the knees, above waist level for comfort. The same method of split-level seating applies in that more legroom is provided for the floor level seat 16 by raising the frontally adjacent seat, legroom for the split-level seat 18 being created by disposing some ofthe headroom over the lower level seat and augmented by some above the reclined upper seat in front. Eating- writing tray 38 serves the lower level sitter and 36 the upper level, the latter serving as a footrest when in a stowed position, intersecting with a padded partition 37, which is sufficiently rigidly framed to anchor safety airbag 31 fore of lower seat 16, and to partly support elevated walkway 20, its load being transmitted to the floor structure 14. Similarly, two airbags per sitter may be provided, a pre-deployed aft and an impact-deploying fore. Overhead hand luggage compartment 60 may be feasible only if enough headroom is available; handholds 61 may be strategically located and air purging vents lend to a rider-friendly environment, while curtains for privacy may be provided, as may all other features ofthe preferred embodiment aforementioned of split-level seating. FIG. 6 is a depiction ofthe split-level seating module 10 applied to stock premier class seating provided with integrally mounted folding legrests which in prior art spacing would be at least 60 inches of pitch per passenger, just enough to elevate the legs till the feet are estopped below waist level by the reclined seatback ofthe sitter fore; unlike the present invention, given a conjoint pitch of less per passenger by splitting seat levels, the legrest is free to rotate the limbs up past waist level and allow lower level sitter 16 to assume a fully-recumbent mode. At floor level 14 lower level seat 16, taking advantage of freed space and with seatback upright, may be slid back a full yard to open some six square feet of frontal space. Upper level seat 18 sits on mount and pod 30 forming a pedestal supported on either end by main frame 40, transversely linked by shin-high upper level walkway 20 and accessed directly from floor level or through step up rung 24, assuming an identical fully-recumbent posture but with a little less frontal space. Since the combined pitch of seats 16 and 18 if set upon the same plane would be some 120 inches, and the conjoint pitch ofthe split-level mode as depicted is some 105 inches, comfort gains immeasurably although space saved by the split-level mode would have been a modest 13 percent. It is apparent from the depiction, however, that more space savings could be generated just by reducing the conjoint pitch further. As in the preferred embodiment of split-level seating, appropriate safety and other devices may be affixed to the module. FIG. 7 is a side plan view of a low-headroom vehicular or stationary public waiting-room open-seating application of split-level seating, showing module 10 wherein upper seat 18 is mounted on seat pod 30 closer to floor level 14, with a minimal foot clearance space within the floor level alcove underneath walkway 20, and upper legrest 35 pitches up more steeply over lower seat 16 fore. Features described are not limited to those indicated and may be extended to include such safety and conveniency devices employed by the preferred embodiment of split-level seating. FIG. 8 is a typical home furnishing application of split-level seating module 10 disclosing a high-comfort and space-saving alternative to tiered bunk beds, employing the same method of opening up legroom for the lower level seat 16 by raising the other seat of a tandem with its own walkway 20, said upper level seat 18 being separated by a panel 37 from the floor level seat 16, and seats varying in width. FIG. 9 represents a sleep-in stall or enclosed public waiting-room application of split-level seating module 10 which would normally be covered on all sides by appropriate noise and vibration-dampening flooring and sidings to serve as compartments with a controlled environment for rest or sleep in public or waiting-room areas in aiφorts, hospitals, in bus depots and the like. As in the other embodiments, legroom is opened for floor level seat 16 occupant by a raised other half of a pair of tandem seats, split-level seat 18 with its own walkway 20, within a unit lending easily to isolation. Such units may be strung longitudinally and twin sets of such compartments of varying seat widths laid side-by-side, all units opening along either side. It is understood that all appropriate features of split-level seating and its preferred embodiment extend and apply to the aforementioned as well.

Claims: CLAIMS We claim: 1. Along a longitudinal floor surface in an enclosed vehicle, a set of tandem seats facing one direction set upon said surface, one fore and the other aft, with an intermediate torso-wide passage space on said floor separating said seats, the improvement being that said seat fore with its corresponding walkway is raised by a modular split-level torsionally rigid pedestal as a means of opening up legroom for said seat aft and mounting a corresponding upper level legrest for said raised seat fore cantilevered over next lower seat, said module generally designated (10), comprising: (a) a main frame (40), supporting said module and linked on either side transversely by cross-members, as wide as the number of upper level seats set abreast, raising said seat fore presently upper seat ( 18) by seat-elevating mount and pod (30) mated to elevated torso-wide shin-high cross-aisle walkway (20) supported on either side by main frame (40) and its floor extension member (46) supeφosed upon and respectively disposing co-planar alcove frontally accessible across torso-wide cross-aisle walkway on floor plane (14) to seat (16) aft, either level accessed from said floor plane (14) directly or up the split-level through footwell or rung (24), said main frame (40) likewise supporting intermediate frame upper legrest member (44) with padded surface (35) cantilevered over next lower seat (16) fore, in turn linked to footguard frame (50) optionally secured to overhead structure (12) through luggage compartment (60), respectively disposing upper level legroom alcove, frontally accessible across said walkway (20) to upper seat (18), (b) aforementioned module (10) in claim 1(a), serving simultaneously to attach conveniency devices footrest or ottoman (22), ancillary footrest (39), folding eating-writing tray (38) lower (36) upper, sanitary devices air purging vent (28) ultra-violet light source (27), safety devices airbags rear (34) lower and (33) upper, fore (31) lower and (32) upper, oxygen dispensing taps, entertainment and communications devices on console panel (29) lower, and (26) upper, overhead luggage compartments (60), and, including but not limited to, privacy blind (48) and baffle (52), (c) aforementioned module (10) in claim 1(a), being affixed to the floor structure (14) solely or simultaneously to the overhead structure (12), or moveably traversing floor track (58) by casters (54), or while suspended solely or simultaneously from overhead track (56) on casters (57). 2. Along a longitudinal floor surface in an enclosed vehicle a set of tandem seats facing opposing directions set back to back upon said surface, the improvement being that one seat with its corresponding walkway is raised over the other by a torsionally rigid modular split-level pedestal as a means of opening up legroom for next frontally adjacent lower level sitter and mounting a corresponding upper level legrest for upper level sitter, said module generally designated (10), comprising: (a) a main frame (40) on either side transversely linked by cross-members, mated to a seat-elevating mount and pod (30) securing elevated seat (18), an elevated thigh-high torso-wide walkway (20) serving upper level sitter, accessed from the floor (14) directly or through footwells (24) mating with load-bearing floor extension (46), respectively superposed upon and disposing a co-planar alcove with one side frontally accessible opposite torso- wide cross-aisle walkway (14) to floor level seat (16), said main frame linked through said walkway to padded partition (37) and padded upper level legrest (35) secured to overhead extension member (42) as upper level seat (18) legrest support frontally accessible to said seat across said elevated walkway (20), structurally mated to, or touching, overhead structure (12), said module (10) serially linked through intermediate member (44) and panel (37) with other identical modules longitudinally within said vehicular interior for added structural rigidity, (b). aforementioned module (10) in claim 2(a) serving simultaneously to attach knee-level-raising ancillary fold-down footrest (19), safety airbags rear (34) lower and (32) upper and fore (31) lower and (32) upper, including but not limited to, overhead luggage compartments (60) and handholds (61), (c). aforementioned module (10) in claim 2(a) likewise being optionally provided with sanitary, conveniency and entertainment devices, including, but not limited to, privacy blinds or baffles. 3. Along a longitudinal floor surface, in open stationary space, a tandem of seats back to back, or facing one direction with an intermediate torso-wide walkway on said surface, the improvement being that one seat with its corresponding walkway is raised over the other by a torsionally rigid modular split-level pedestal as a means of opening up legroom for next adjacent lower level sitter and mounting a corresponding upper level legrest for upper level sitter, said module generally designated (10), comprising: (a) a main frame (40), linked on either side transversely by cross-members, as wide as the number of upper level seats set singly or abreast, mated with shin-high torso-wide cross-aisle walkway (20) and seat mount and pod (30) elevating seat (18), respectively supeφosed and disposing floor level legrest alcove frontally accessible to lower seat (16) across torso-wide floor level walkway (14), said mainframe mated to padded upper level legrest extension (35) frontally accessible to said seat (18) across said upper level walkway (20) with optional legrest stopper panel (50), respectively disposing upper level legroom alcove, (b) aforementioned module (10) in claim 3(a), in individual stand-alone sets of such tandem seats as furnishing in lieu of bunk bed, each seat of varying width and pitch defining compartment size, being open on all sides, or curtained for privacy, either set down on floor surface directly or supplied with casters, (c) aforementioned module (10) in claim 3(a), as sleep-in rest-stall, each seat of varying width and pitch defining compartment size, appropriately lined with sound and vibration-absorbing and deadening pardoning and surface padding, optionally provided with a controlled environment, such as air-conditioning and heating, including, but not limited to, such other amenities or devices as audio-visual entertainment and communications facilities.

Inventors: PASCASIO EDWIN, PASCASIO MIRIAM, PASCASIO NICOLAS, PASCASIO NORMA, TUASON ROMAN, PASCASIO, EDWIN, PASCASIO, MIRIAM, PASCASIO, NORMA, PASCASIO, VIDAL, TUASON, ROMAN
Applicants: PASCASIO EDWIN, PASCASIO MIRIAM, PASCASIO NICOLAS, PASCASIO NORMA, TUASON ROMAN, PASCASIO, EDWIN, PASCASIO, MIRIAM, PASCASIO, NORMA, PASCASIO, VIDAL, TUASON, ROMAN
Application year: 1996
Main classification: B64D
IPC codes: B64D11