Stator structure for rotary electric machine

Abstract: This invention is to provide a stator structure for a rotary electric machine comprising poles of an armature core made of soft magnetic material and bobbins wound with coils at the respective poles and inserted into the poles in which the bobbin wound with the coils are mounted at the stator poles without decreasing motor characteristics. The material of a collar part (auxiliary pole tooth or extrapolation pole tooth) of a bobbin opposed to a rotor is formed of resin filled with soft magnetic material to improve the characteristic of a rotary electric machine. It is also effective to form the end of the collar part of the bobbin of a ferromagnetic material. Since a magnetic flux is also passed through the auxiliary pole tooth or the extrapolation pole tooth provided at the bobbin, the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic path to the rotary pole can be reduced. Further, the surface of the auxiliary pole tooth opposed to the rotary pole is formed in an arc shape along the inner periphery of the rotary pole, and a gap between the rotary pole and the auxiliary pole tooth is controlled (the gap is changed).

Description: This invention relates to a stator for a rotary electric machine having a structure in which a bobbin wound with a coil is inserted into the pole of the stator. And more particularly, the invention relates to an improvement in the magnetic characteristics of a stator for a rotary electric machine or a motor. In a floppy disk drive used, for example, for an auxiliary memory of a personal computer, an outer rotor type brushless DC motor formed flatly to drive the floppy disk is used, in the outer rotor type brushless DC motor of this type, the poles of a stator radially protrude from a rotational shaft as a center, and pole teeth are extended from the ends of the poles oppositely to a rotor magnet in the rotating direction of the rotor magnet. Since the pole is formed in a T shape, the winding part of its stator coil can be formed in a slender shape, but a bobbin cannot be inserted into the pole of the stator. Therefore, the coil is directly wound on the pole of the stator, and hence many human hours have been required for this work. Further, if even one slot is failed at the time of winding the coil, the entire stator structure becomes improper, and hence it causes its yield to be decreased. In orderto avoid the above-mentioned inconvenience, the conventional method has employed the steps of removing each pole tooth from the end of the pole of the stator, forming the pole in a rod shape, winding coils on a bobbin in the separate step to form a stator coil, and then inserting the bobbin of the stator coil into the respective pole of the stator. In the manufacturing steps of a motor, the winding step throws away a long time, and hence it is required to improve of the winding step. The bobbin having the stator coil on it is inserted into the pole. When this method is applied to the manufacturing steps of a motor, the process of the manufacturing steps of a motor will be more improved. However, since the bobbin must be inserted from the end side of the pole of the stator, i.e., the side of the rotor opposed to the rotor magnet, the tooth crest (pole tooth) of the stator pole must be formed the same as or smaller than the inner diameter of the bobbin. As a result, it is natural that the pole tooth opposed to the rotor magnet of the pole is narrowed, the capturing ratio of the magnetic flux from a field magnet is reduced thereby to decrease a magnetic efficiency, and hence the motor characteristics are inconveniently diminished. JP-A-60152245 discloses a stator of a magnet generator that is designed to utilise effectively a magnetic flux by forming a bobbin of resin with magnetic powder. JP-A-61214737 discloses a rotary electric machine consists of a stator core 2 clamped in by pins or welding in the prescribed thickness. An insulating layer 4 and a bobbin 5 formed of a magnetic material wound with a winding 3 are mounted around pole teeth 6. US-A-3 860 843 discloses a rotating electrical machine in which cogging force is made smaller by shaping both sides of the periphery of each stator salient pore. This invention contemplates to be devised in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of this invention is to provide a stator structure for a rotary electric machine comprising poles of an armature core made of soft magnetic material and bobbins wound with coils and inserted onto the poles, wherein the bobbin wound with the coils can be mounted on the stator poles without decreasing motor characteristics. According to the present invention, there is provided a stator structure for a rotary electric machine, comprising: stator poles made from soft magnetic material, a bobbin formed of synthetic resin containing soft magnetic material at each respective pole and mounted onto the pole, the bobbin comprising a body around which the stator winding is wound, a first collar part adjacent to a stator yoke and a second collar part opposed to a rotary pole of a rotor; and characterised by: an extrapolation pole tooth formed of ferromagnetic material, mounted at the second collar part and integrated with the bobbin by insert molding; the second collar part with the extrapolation pole tooth having an arc shape along the inner periphery of the rotor pole ; and a gap between the rotary pole and the extrapolation pole tooth changing with respect to the rotating direction to improve cogging torque and torque ripple. When the winding is formed in the bobbin shape, the cause for decreasing motor characteristics in the reduction in the tooth crest width (pole tooth width) for inserting the bobbin. In the prior art, to cover the reduction in the pole tooth width, the material of the collar part (auxillary pole tooth) of the bobbin opposed to a rotor is formed of resin in which soft magnetic material is filled and the winding can be formed in the bobbin shape without decreasing the motor characteristics. As the other method for this remedy, in accordance with the invention, it is also effective to form the bobbin from a conventional resin (PA, etc.) and to add the extrapolation pole tooth formed of ferromagnetic material to the end face (flange) of the bobbin by means of insert molding. Since a magnetic flux is passed through the extrapolation pole tooth provided at the bobbin, magnetic reluctance of a magnetic path to a rotary pole can be reduced. Further, the surface of the extrapolation pole tooth opposed to the rotary pole is formed in an arc shape along the inner periphery of the rotary pole, and a gap between the rotary pole and the extrapolation pole tooth is controlled with respect to the rotating direction (the improving effect of a cogging torque/torque ripple is obtained by changing the gap). In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the state that a bobbin is drawn from a stator. Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view showing an embodiment of this invention Fig. 3 is a partial front view showing another bobbin. Fig. 4 is characteristic diagrams showing the characteristics of this invention and motor characteristics of conventional motor. An embodiment of this invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the state of the bobbin 24 for forming the stator winding 22 is drawn from the stator pole 21. In Fig. 1, the winding is not wound on the bobbin 24. In a manner not in accordance with the invention, the bobbin 24 is formed of resin such as polyamide resin, etc., containing soft magnetic material of iron oxide such as Mn-Zn ferrite, etc., and the detail will be described later. The bobbin 24 has a cylindrical body 27 having a hole 26 of a square sectional shape in which the stator pole 21 is passed through the center, a collar part 28 is formed at one end of the body 27, and a terminal block 29 for holding the terminals 25 is provided on the upper surface of the collar part 28. An auxiliary pole 30 is provided at the other end of the bobbin 24, The auxiliary pole 30 is formed in a collar shape in such a manner that the area of the side face is formed much larger than that of the hole 26 in which the stator pole protruding from the yoke 31 is exposed. Though not shown, a winding is wound on the bobbin 32, and the ends of the winding are wired to the terminals 25. The end side of the stator pole 21 is inserted into the central hole 26 of the bobbin 32, and forcibly inserted until the collar part 28 is arrived at the yoke 31 of the root of the stator pole 21 to be stopped. The end of the stator pole 21 is exposed from the end of the auxiliary pole tooth 30 in this state. The stator pole 21 assembled with the stator winding 22 wound on the bobbin 32 is fixed to the stationary base 3. Thereafter, the rotational shaft 12 of the rotor 8 for holding the rotary pole 9 multipolarly magnetized on the surface opposed to the outer periphery of the stator pole 21 is inserted into the bearing cylinder 4 to constitute an outer rotor type brushless DC motor. In this case, the material of the soft magnetic material used for the bobbin 32 is mixed material of soft ferrite such as Mn-Zn, Ni-Zn, etc., and polymer material (e.g., PA) in such a manner that the content of the ferrite is 80wt.% or more. Fig. 2 is a view showing an embodiment of this invention. A bobbin 32 is formed not of resin filled with soft magnetic material, but of general purpose polymer material (PBT, PA, etc.). An extrapolation pole tooth 34 formed of ferromagnetic material such as an iron plate at the flange 33 of the bobbin 32 is integrated with the bobbin 32 by insert molding. The mounting of the extrapolation pole tooth 34 at the bobbin 32 may be, in addition to the insert molding, fusion bonding or welding, adhering, etc. In the embodiment described above, as shown in Fig. 3, to reduce a gap 36 between the rotary pole 9 and the auxiliary pole tooth 30, the surface of the extrapolation pole tooth 30 opposed to the rotary pole 9 is formed in an arc shape along the inner periphery of the rotary pole 9. Fig. 4 shows the difference of the characteristics of this invention from conventional motor characteristics, As understood from Fig. 4, this invention remarkably improves the motor characteristics in such a manner that its torque constant is improved by about 28% (296.3 g-cm/A to 378.4 g-c in/A) and its servo torque range is improved by 6% (100 g-cm to 106 g-cm) by adding the auxiliary pole tooth 30 or the extrapolation pole tooth 34. This invention can apparently be applied to not only all motors or generators in which the poles are formed by using the core of soft magnetic material despite the brushless DC motor, but also both inner rotor and outer rotor types. According to this invention as described above, the number of tums of the stator winding can be further efficiently provided without decreasing the characteristics of the rotary electric machine. The structure of the rotary electric machine in which its yield can be improved can be provided. The cost of the rotary electric machine can be further reduced, Further, this invention has a merit of solely winding the bobbin with the winding.

Claims: A stator structure for a rotary electric machine, comprising: stator poles (21) made from soft magnetic material, a bobbin (32) formed of non-magnetic synthetic resin at each respective pole and mounted onto the pole, the bobbin (32) comprising a body (27) around which the stator winding is wound, a first collar part (28) adjacent to a stator yoke (31) and a second collar part (33) opposed to a rotary pole of a rotor; characterised by : an extrapolation pole tooth (34) formed of ferromagnetic material, mounted at the second collar part (33) and integrated with the bobbin (32) by insert molding; the second collar part (33) with the extrapolation pole tooth (34) having an arc shape along the inner periphery of the rotor pole; and a gap between the rotary pole (9) and the extrapolation pole tooth (34) changing with respect to the rotating direction, to improve cogging torque and torque ripple. A stator structure for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein said first collar part (28) has a terminal block (29) holding terminals (25). A stator structure for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein said rotary electric machine is an outer rotor type brushless DC motor.

Inventors: FUJITANI SAKAE, SUZUKI YUZURU, FUJITANI, SAKAE, SUZUKI, YUZURU
Applicants: MINEBEA KK, MINEBEA CO.,LTD.
Application year: 1996
Main classification: H02K3
IPC codes: H02K1, H02K21, H02K29, H02K3