Printer color and gray balance adjustment system

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adjusting color and gray balance in a color printer, wherein a multicolored output sheet (180) including a set of printer color balance adjustment instructions for performing color balance adjustments processor is produced by the print engine. A processor provides a color balance judging indicator, from a scanned test pattern sheet in the case of a copier or from a memory electronically storing a test image. A controller is used to transmit the set of printer color and gray balance adjustments to the processor.

Description: The present invention relates to a color and gray balance adjustment system for electrophotographic printers and copiers, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for permitting users and technicians to perform color and gray balance procedures according to improved corrective procedures. In the process of electrostatographic printing, an electrostatic charge pattern or latent image corresponding to an original or electronic document to be produced is recorded on an insulating medium. A viewable record is produced by developing the latent image with particles of granulated material to form a powder image thereof. Thereafter, the visible powder image is fused to the insulating medium, or transferred to a suitable support material and fused thereto. Development of the latent image is achieved by bringing a developer mix into contact therewith. Typical developer mixes generally comprise dyed or colored thermoplastic particles of granulated material known in the art as toner particles, which are mixed with carrier granules, such as ferromagnetic granules. When appropriate, toner particles are mixed with carrier granules and the toner particles are charged triboelectrically to the correct polarity. As the developer mix is brought into contact with the electrostatic latent image, the toner particles adhere thereto. However, as toner particles are depleted from the developer mix, additional toner particles must be supplied. In the operation of an electrophotographic copier or printer, particularly color machines, it is highly desirable to have means for indicating and then adjusting the color and gray balance of the machine. Particularly in the case of a color printer, it is highly desirable that a user color and gray balance adjustments be enabled. Various printed or copied colors, to include Pantone colors ("Pantone" appearing to be a registered trade mark of Pantone Inc. of Moonachie, N.J. U.S.A.), may be monitored, and appropriate corrective actions taken by an operator to adjust machine color and gray balance. Selection of printer user preferences may be made, such as saturated solid areas, bold text and other image attributes. Measures to prevent print defects, improper density, and other undesirable conditions may be controlled or eliminated. US-A-4,972,257 discloses an operator controllable apparatus which adjusts the color of a copy being reproduced from a multi-colored original document. The original document is scanned and a set of primary color densities in that document are measured. The measured set of primary color densities is changed to a set of colorimetric coordinates. The operator adjusts the set of colorimetric coordinates so that the copy has the desired hue, saturation and darkness. The operator adjusted set of colorimetric coordinates is converted to a set of cyan, magenta, and yellow densities used to form latent images. The latent images are developed with cyan, magenta, and yellow developer material, respectively. Thereafter, the developed images are transferred, in superimposed registration with one another, to a sheet and are fused to that sheet, resulting in an operator adjusted multicolor copy of the original document. US-A-4,878,063 discloses a method for detecting and correcting misregistration of color separation planes in multicolor printing. The method includes printing sets of test marks on a test sheet and visually inspecting the alignment of the marks. US-A-4,235,551 discloses a photographic printer including incremental correction buttons or keys to permit an operator to request and perform incremental color or overall density corrections. Preset keys permit operators to request a correction for a recognizable cause of off-balance prints. The preset correction keys represent the desired correction for recognizable causes which represent a combination of more than one incremental color or density correction. EP-A-0 582 421 discloses an image processing apparatus that generates test prints to enable observation of the status of color adjustment. A test print is disclosed that includes a pattern that indicates color adjustment levels in numerical presentation for four colors. The disclosed test print also includes a color pattern of plural colors, including gray scales of the four colors, with density regulated according to the color adjustment levels. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a printing system adapted to enable adjustment of color balance by printing multicolored indicia and instructions on sheets, the system comprising: a processor for adjusting printer color balance in response to a set of printer color balance adjustment indicators and for initiating printing of color balance judging indicators and a set of printer color balance adjustment instructions; a controller for transmitting the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators to said processor; and a print engine, responsive to said processor, for printing the color balance judging indicators and the printer color balance adjustment instructions on a multicolored output sheet with a printer color balance adjustment instruction positioned adjacent one of the color balance judging indicators, the print engine being adapted to print each color balance judging indicator adjacent a color balance adjustment instruction which indicates a color balance adjustment to be performed in response to selection of that color balance judging indicator to adjust the color balance of the print engine towards a target color balance. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for providing instructions for color balance adjustment of a printing system adapted to print multicolored indicia on sheets, the printing system including a controller for transmitting the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators; and a print engine; the method comprising the steps of: (a) initiating printing of color balance judging indicators and a set of printer color balance adjustment instructions; and (b) outputting a multicolored sheet from said print engine, with the multicolored sheet including the color balance judging indicators and the printer color balance adjustment instructions, one of the printer color balance adjustment instructions being positioned adjacent one of the color balance judging indicators, each color balance judging indicator being printed adjacent a color balance adjustment instruction which indicates a color balance adjustment to be performed in response to selection of that color balance judging indicator to adjust the color balance of the print engine towards a target color balance. Other features of the present invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds and upon reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of a color balance system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a continuation of the Figure 1 flowchart; Figure 3 is a continuation of the Figure 2 flowchart; Figure 4 is a continuation of the Figure 3 flowchart; Figure 5 is an elevational view showing a color balance test output print of the present invention; Figure 6 is is a block diagram showing another embodiment of a color balance system of the present invention; Figure 7 is is a block diagram showing yet another embodiment of a color balance system of the present invention; Figure 8 is an elevational view showing a color balance test output copy of the present invention; Figure 9 is an elevational view showing a color balance test output print (high density) of the present invention; Figure 10 is an elevational view showing a color balance test output print (low density) of the present invention; and Figure 11 is an elevational view showing a pantone color test output print of the present invention. Figures 1 through 5 show system 100 of the present invention for adjusting color and gray balance in a printer or copier (not shown). With reference to Figure 1, once system 100 is initiated according to block 102, all color adjustments are set (or reset) to nominal or center values so as to permit adjustment in both directions. According to block 104, a print command is initiated so as to print out a copy of the test pattern for evaluation. According to block 106, the test pattern of Figure 5 is evaluated to determine if the printer is operating within specifications. The relative magnitude of any adjustments that may be required to the system may also be evident when the Figure 5 test pattern is initiated. According to block 108, the "most neutral" gray patch in pattern 190 shown in Figure 5 is selected. If a residual image problem does exist according to block 110, the negative adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch are completed according to block 112. The negative color adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch, shown on the Figure 5 pattern 190 with "-" signs, are performed according to block 124. In each adjustment case based on Figure 5, outer ring 194 corresponds to the need for higher order adjustments (such as the "(++)" or "(--)" indications), while inner ring 196 corresponds to the need for lower order adjustments (such as the "(+)" or "(-)" indications). Whenever "Gray Target" 192 is the most gray square of pattern 190 of Figure 5, no further adjustments are needed as to color balance. Continuing on to block 114 shown in Figure 2, the print command for outputting the test pattern 190/sheet 180 is re-executed according to block 114, and examined for print defects according to block 116. If print defects do not exist, the procedure reverts to block 124 shown on Figure 1 and continues as previously described. If print defects do exist, an operator returns the adjusted settings to the last good set point according to block 118, and the best possible color balance is achieved according to block 120. Returning to decision block 110 of system 100 shown in Figure 1, if a residual image problem does not exist as shown in decision block 110. (A residual image problem is a situation in which, rather than incorrectly printing maladjusted colors, a printer cleaning problem (photoreceptor, intermediate transfer roller/belt, or other source) results in residual toner/ink appearing in otherwise accurate color balance test patches of Figure 5.) Continuing with Figure 1, the user must next decide if saturated solid areas and bold text are desired, as per decision block 122. (See printed text 188 of Figure 5 for this evaluation.) If saturated solid areas and bold text are indeed desired, the positive color adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch, shown on the Figure 5 pattern 190 with " + " signs, are performed according to block 124. Again, in each adjustment case based on Figure 5, outer ring 194 corresponds to the need for higher order adjustments (such as the "(+ +)" or "(--)" indications), while inner ring 196 corresponds to the need for lower order adjustments (such as the "(+)" or "(-)" indications). Whenever "Gray Target" 192 is the most gray square of pattern 190 of Figure 5, no further adjustments are needed as to color balance. With continued reference to system 100 following block 124, now on Figure 2, the print test sheet 180 command is re-executed according to block 126 to determine if any print defects exist. If print defects according to decision block 128 do exist, the operator returns the adjusted settings to the last good set point adjustment, according to block 130. In either case whether decision block 128 print defects exist or not, if the color is balanced at this point (block 132), the best possible color balance is achieved (block 120). If the color is not balanced according to decision block 132, negative adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch are performed according to block 134, and the print command to output the test pattern is again executed according to block 136. If print defects still exist according to block 138, the operator returns the settings to the last good set point; in either case whether print defects still exist or not according to block 138, the best possible color balance is achieved (block 120). Returning to decision block 122 of system 100 in Figure 1, if the saturated solid areas and bold text is not desired (text 188 of Figure 5), then according to block 142 of Figure 3, the operator performs negative adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch of the Figure 5 test pattern 190. Thereafter, the user re-executes the print command to output the test pattern according to block 144, and examines the test pattern for print defects according to block 146. If print defects exist, the operator returns the adjustment settings to the last good set point (block 148); in either case the user examines whether the color of the test pattern is balanced according to block 150. If the color is not balanced, the operator performs positive adjustments to correct to selected neutral gray patch (block 154), and re-executes the print command for the Figure 5 test pattern 190 according to block 156 to examine for print defects according to decision block 158. If print defects exist, the operator returns the adjustment settings to the last good set point, according to block 160. At this point, the color balance aspects of system 100 are completed. In each situation, the user may then proceed to evaluate the solid density patches 182, 184 and 186 of the printer test sheet 180. If, according to block 152, the black patch of the test pattern is mottled, according to block 162 of Figure 4, the positive black bias is adjusted. If the black patch is not mottled (and after the positive black bias has been adjusted), if the text is too bold according to decision block 164, the negative black bias of the printer is adjusted according to block 166. Thereafter a white text in black box print test is executed according to block 168. (This test area on sheet 180 of Figure 5 is not shown). If the black bias is still acceptable according to decision block 170, the system 100 adjustment procedure is completed. If the black bias is not acceptable, the adjustment of black bias in the printer is returned to the last good set point, according to decision block 172, at which time procedure of system 100 is completed. Figure 6 shows an abbreviated color adjustment system 280 of the present invention in which the examination of residual image problems (discussed above) are disregarded, irrelevant or not present in color balancing the printer. The adjustments performed according to system 280 are initiated by setting the color adjustments to a nominal or center position according to block 282. The operator then executes the print command to output the test pattern according to block 284. (The test pattern used is the same Figure 5 test pattern 190 described in association with system 100 as shown in Figures 1 through 4.) Thereafter, according to block 286 of Figure 6, the operator examines the print to determine if the printer is operating within specifications. According to block 288, the operator then selects the most neutral gray patch in the test pattern; thereafter according to block 290, the negative and positive adjustments called for at rings 194 and 196 to correct to selected neutral gray patch are performed. Thereafter the command to execute the print of the test pattern is again initiated according to block 292; thereafter the operator reviews the test pattern according to decision block 294 to determine if color is balanced. If color is balanced, the system 280 procedure is completed; if color is not balanced, the operator returns to block 288 of Figure 6 to again perform the negative and positive adjustments to correct to the selected neutral gray patch as required, until color balance is attained. Figure 7 shows another system of the present invention for adjusting high density color balance or low density color balance in a copier and/or printer. The particular embodiment shown in Figure 7 may be employed to adjust printer color balance; with certain modifications as will be detailed below, this same (or similar) procedure may also be used to adjust high and low copier density color balance. According to block 200 of Figure 7, "run system adjust" is initiated to begin the color balance procedure. According to block 202, the adjustment mode is set to fine adjust; thereafter a test print or set of test prints is run from the disk, such as the Figure 9 (high density) and Figure 10 (low density) test patterns. (The test pattern 220 shown in Figure 8 is particularly useful for color copier balance adjustments, although it might also be used to adjust a color printer.) Figure 9 shows the color printer high density test pattern, which indicates the adjustments that should be made in accordance with Figure 7 to reach the desired center gray target. While a 75% density is shown in the test pattern of Figure 9, other density levels above 50% might also be used. Figure 10 shows the printer output for the low density color balance adjustment to reach the desired center gray target. While a 25% density level is selected, other levels below 50% level might be usefully employed in other embodiments. For both high density (Figure 9) or low density (Figure 10) color adjust, according to block 206, the user checks the test pattern for the most neutral gray target found in any of the indicator patches. If none of the patches appears gray according to decision block 208, the operator uses Table 1 as a guide in making adjustments to reach the desired Figure 9 or Figure 10 center gray target, as follows: IF THE CENTERSQUARE APPEARS: IN DC920 LOW (OR HIGH) DENSITY BALANCE, ADD: yellow blue blue yellow green magenta magenta green red green and blue cyan yellow and magenta If according to decision block 208 any of the patches appear to be gray, the operator proceeds to adjust color balance. The user adjusts the grayest appearing patch towards the center Gray Target, according to the "Add [Color]" instructions along each azimuth of the multicolored Figure 9 (high density) or Figure 10 (low density) charts. If in the case of blocks 210 or 212, there is not sufficient range to adjust color balance according to Figures 9 or 10 on a fine setting according to decision block 214, the user resets to a coarse setting and adjusts accordingly (block 216), thereafter proceeding through the procedure again beginning with block 202. If there is sufficient range to adjust the gray settings to a fine setting, the user may run system adjust according to block 218 so as to complete the necessary adjustments in obtaining high density color balance. After the high density color balance adjustments are completed, the same procedure may be repeated in order to adjust low density color balance. In the case of copier color balance adjustments (or a printer and scanner operating in a copier mode), rather than running a test pattern from a disk in order to perform the adjustment, a user may place a sample test pattern on a scanner platen of the copier in lieu of the step 204 as shown in Figure 7, such as the test pattern 220 shown in Figure 8, which is particularly useful for color copier balance adjustments. Test pattern 220 includes seven squares, each having a centered gray target in the center of each indicator patch. Color balance in a copier may be completed by following the same procedures as adjusting printer color balance, except a test pattern 220 is copied from the platen and used to adjust color balance. As shown in Figure 8, if patch 222 and target 223 indicate the grayest appearing patch, no correction is needed and current color balance is accepted. If patch 224 and gray target 226 appear the most gray, the operator is instructed to add yellow in making the adjustment. If patch 228 and target 230 appear the most gray, the operator is to add green; if patch 234 and gray target 232 appear the most gray, the operator is to add equal amounts of green and blue; if patch 236 and gray target 238 appear the most gray, the operator is to add blue; if patch 240 and gray target 242 appear the most gray, the operator is to add magenta; and if patch 244 and gray target 246 appear the most gray, the operator is to add equal amounts of magenta and yellow. As shown by the block 219 "print file pantone.ps" step of Figure 7, after copier and/or printer high and low density color balance adjustments are made, the operator may then print a "pantone checker" test pattern shown in Figure 11, so that the accuracy of the printed (or copied) pantone colors indicated on Figure 11 may be verified in the printer by comparing them to a pantone color table (not shown).

Claims: A printing system adapted to enable adjustment of color balance by printing multicolored indicia and instructions on sheets, the system comprising: a processor for adjusting printer color balance in response to a set of printer color balance adjustment indicators and for initiating printing of color balance judging indicators and a set of printer color balance adjustment instructions; a controller for transmitting the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators to said processor; and a print engine, responsive to said processor, for printing the color balance judging indicators and the printer color balance adjustment instructions on a multicolored output sheet (180;220) with a printer color balance adjustment instruction positioned adjacent one of the color balance judging indicators, the print engine being adapted to print each color balance judging indicator adjacent a color balance adjustment instruction which indicates a color balance adjustment to be performed in response to selection of that color balance judging indicator to adjust the color balance of the print engine towards a target color balance. The printing system of claim 1, wherein each of the printer color balance adjustment instructions printed by said print engine indicates a magnitude of a color balance adjustment to be performed; the instructions including gradated sets (194,196). The printing system of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators includes a set of printer gray balance adjustment indicators, the color balance judging indicators include gray balance judging indicators, and the set of printer color balance adjustment instructions include a set of gray balance adjustment instructions; said processor adjusting printer gray balance in response to the set of printer gray balance adjustment indicators, said processor initiating printing of the gray balance judging indicators and the set of gray balance adjustment instructions; said controller transmitting the set of gray balance adjustments to said processor; and said printer engine printing the gray balance judging indicators and the printer gray balance adjustment instructions; each gray balance adjustment instruction indicating a gray balance adjustment to be performed with said controller in response to the appearance of a gray balance judging indicator. The printing system of claim 3, wherein each of the printer gray balance adjustment instructions printed by said print engine indicates a magnitude of a gray balance adjustments to be performed; the instructions including gradated sets. The printing system of any one of the preceding claims, wherein said printing system further comprises an electronic data storage member for generating the color balance judging indicator. The printing system of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators includes a set of pantone color status indicators; said processor initiating printing of the pantone color status indicators; and said print engine printing the pantone color status indicators on a pantone checking color output sheet for indicating a pantone color quality output of said print engine. A method for providing instructions for color balance adjustment of a printing system adapted to print multicolored indicia on sheets, the printing system including a controller for transmitting the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators; and a print engine; the method comprising the steps of: (a) initiating printing of color balance judging indicators and a set of printer color balance adjustment instructions; and (b) outputting a multicolored sheet (180;220) from said print engine, with the multicolored sheet (180;220) including the color balance judging indicators and the printer color balance adjustment instructions, one of the printer color balance adjustment instructions being positioned adjacent one of the color balance judging indicators, each color balance judging indicator being printed adjacent a color balance adjustment instruction which indicates a color balance adjustment to be performed in response to selection of that color balance judging indicator to adjust the color balance of the print engine towards a target color balance. The method of claim 7 in which step (b) comprises outputting the multicolored sheet (180;220) with each of the printer color balance adjustment instructions indicating a magnitude of a color balance adjustment to be performed; the instructions including gradated sets (194,196). The method of claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the set of printer color balance adjustment indicators includes a set of printer gray balance adjustment indicators, the color balance judging indicators include gray balance judging indicators, and the set of printer color balance adjustment instructions include a set of gray balance adjustment instructions; and wherein step (a) comprises initiating printing of the gray balance judging indicators and the set of gray balance adjustment instructions; and step (b) comprises outputting the multicolored sheet (180;220) with the multicolored sheet (180;220) including the gray balance judging indicators and the printer gray balance adjustment instructions; each gray balance adjustment instruction indicating a gray balance adjustment to be performed with said controller in response to the appearance of a gray balance judging indicator. The method of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein said printing system further includes an image scanner; the method further comprising: operating the image scanner to generate the color balance judging indicators and the printer color balance adjustment instructions according to a test pattern image on a sheet (220). The method of any one of claims 7 to 10 in which step (b) comprises, when the printer color balance adjustment indicated by the printer color balance adjustment instruction adjacent the color balance judging indicator is needed, outputting the multicolored sheet (180;220) with the color balance judging indicator appearing as the most gray color balance judging indicator.

Inventors: DUNDAS PETER H, TEMPLE DONALD M, ZOLTNER SUSAN J, DUNDAS, PETER H., TEMPLE, DONALD M., ZOLTNER, SUSAN J.
Applicants: XEROX CORP, XEROX CORPORATION
Application year: 1995
Main classification: H04N1
IPC codes: G03G15, H04N1