Device for coupling and releasing the trigger mechanism in the bascule of guns

Abstract: Trigger mechanism coupling-and-releasing device coupling a trigger mechanism to and releasing it from the bascule of a gun, wherein the elements of the trigger mechanism are premounted on a trigger guard (11) which can be attached in the lower part of the bascule, the trigger guard (11) has a baffle (13) which extends into the bascule, the baffle (13) having a hook (14) facing towards the rear and intended for acting with a shoulder (19') of a trigger guard bolt (19) which is mounted and longitudinally movable in the bascule between a forward coupling position in which the shoulder (19') engages the hook (14) of the baffle (13) on the trigger guard (11) and a backward position for releasing the trigger guard (11) in which the hook (14) is no longer engaged by the shoulder (19'), a sliding safety catch (15) has a catch part (15') for interfering with an element of the trigger mechanism for rendering the trigger mechanism safe, the sliding safety catch (15) being mounted slidably movable in the upper part of the bascule, an oscillating safety lever (22) is mounted in the bascule and shaped so as to interact with the sliding safety catch (15) and to define for this sliding safety caatch (15): a backward safety position, an intermediate firing position (A) and a forward release position (B), and a top lever (18) is rotating mounted on the top part of the bascule, which top lever (18) can be moved by rotation from a position for locking to a position for unlocking the barrels (16) of the gun which are pivotably attached to the front part of the bascule, said device comprising a mechansim (26,27,31) for the release of said trigger mechanism, which extends between the sliding safety catch (15), the top lever (18) and the trigger guard bolt (19), for moving the trigger guard bolt (19) into the backward position for releasing the trigger guard (11) with the trigger mechanism from the bascule, said mechanism being constructed such that the release of the trigger mechanism is brought about by consecutively moving the sliding safety catch (15) from the intermediate firing position (A) to the forward release position (B) and rotating the top lever (18) in the position for unlocking the barrels.

Description: The present invention concerns the field of guns and pertains, in particular, to a device for coupling and releasing the trigger mechanism in the bascule of guns. In the field of shotguns and over-and-under or coupled doublebarreled shotguns, usually either single-trigger or double-trigger trigger mechanisms are used, which are mounted on a support, called the trigger guard, which can be attached to the lower part of the bascule of the gun corresponding to a suitable opening or space. The fixing into position of the trigger guard and, by means of this, of the trigger mechanism, is carried out generally, on the one hand, by the joint insertion of a tab in front of the trigger guard into a complementary seat provided in the bascule and, on the other hand, by attaching the end of the trigger guard to the bascule by means of a coupling system. The above makes it possible to mount and to remove the trigger mechanism on the guns as a block unit. An example of a coupling and releasing device having the above-mentioned function has become known from EP-A-277,921 (which corresponds to the preamble of claim 1). A sliding safety catch, mounted and movable in the upper part of the bascule and having its own part intended for interfering with an element of the trigger mechanism in order to inhibit the use of the latter when the gun is put on safety, is also generally coordinated with the trigger mechanism of the guns. On the other hand, the barrels are pivoted on the bascule, rotating between a closing position and an opening position. A top lever mounted on the bascule is provided for locking the barrels when closed and for unlocking when they must be opened. However, in the prior-art devices, the releasing of the trigger mechanism for its removal from the bascule may also be carried out not under conditions of maximum safety. In fact, such a release may also be carried out with the gun closed and when a hand of the user may interfere with the trigger, thus with the risk of involuntarily and accidentally causing the firing of a cartridge in the barrel. The same lack of safety may also be found in the attachment of the trigger mechanism to the bascule. The present invention is aimed at eliminating such a possibility and at making it possible to couple and remove the trigger mechanism from the bascule only under conditions of maximum safety and without the possibility of accidentally firing shots in the barrel. In fact, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for coupling and releasing the trigger mechanism in a bascule of guns, with which: the release of the trigger mechanism is possible only by acting simultaneously, with double action, on the sliding safety catch and on the top lever for opening the barrels; the hands of the user are both occupied with carrying out such a double action on the sliding safety catch and on the top lever for opening the barrels; the double action must be carried out with the hands of the user away from the trigger in order not to interfere with this [trigger]; and finally, the removal and mounting of the trigger mechanism may be carried out only with the barrels open, thus with the gun in the inoperative state. The device according to the present invention is in accordance with the claim 1. However, it shall be described below in greater detail, making reference to the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the device according to the present invention attached to a gun with a single-trigger trigger mechanism, with the gun being ready for use; Figure 1a shows a partial top view of the device in Figure 1 to demonstrate the position of the top lever for closing the barrels; Figure 2 shows a view of the device as in Figure 1, but with the sliding safety catch moved forward for a first action of unlocking the trigger mechanism; Figure 2a shows a top view of the device as in Figure 2; Figure 3 shows a view of the device as in Figure 2, but with the top lever rotated for a second action of unlocking the trigger mechanism; Figure 3a shows a top view of the device as in Figure 3; Figure 4 shows a view of the device as in Figure 3, but with the barrels open, with the return of the sliding safety catch into the initial position and with the trigger mechanism unlocked; Figure 4a shows a top view of the device as in Figure 4; Figure 5 shows a view of the device as in Figure 4, but in the phase of removal of the trigger mechanism from the bascule, likewise corresponding to the phase of reattachment of the [trigger] mechanism in the bascule; Figure 5a shows a top view of the device as in Figure 5; Figure 6 shows a view of the device as in Figure 5, but with the trigger mechanism attached to the bascule and the barrel in the phase of closing on the bascule; and Figure 6a shows a top view of the device as in Figure 6. In the said drawings, 10 designates the bascule of a gun, in which is mounted a trigger mechanism, whose components are premounted on a trigger guard 11, which can be attached to the lower part of the bascule 10. The trigger mechanism can be a single trigger, as shown in the drawings, or a double trigger. Its components have been omitted for greater clarity, and are, moreover, well known to the persons skilled in the art. Of the trigger mechanism, only the trigger guard 11, which supports a trigger 12 and has a baffle 13, which rises inside the bascule and which has a hook 14, facing towards the rear and provided with a top bevel 14', is shown. A sliding safety catch 15, which has a catch part 15' intended for interfering, in a known manner, with a component of the trigger mechanism for putting the gun on safety, is mounted and can be moved in the upper part of the bascule 10. The barrels 16 of the gun, which can be moved by rotating on a pin 17 between a closing position and an opening position, are pivoted on the front part of the bascule. A rotating top lever 18 attached to the bascule 10 is provided for locking and unlocking the barrels in the usual manner when they are closed. For the attachment of the trigger mechanism to the bascule, the trigger guard 11 has a tab 11' in front intended for being joint-inserted into a complementary seat 10' provided in the said bascule. In the rear, the trigger guard, by means of its hook 14, engages with a trigger guard bolt 19, which has a sear 19' facing forward and interacting with the said hook 14. The trigger guard bolt 19 is mounted in the bascule 10, and more precisely in the rear part of this [bascule], with the possibility of longitudinal sliding, because its sear 19' is able to approach the hook 14 for actively locking the trigger guard 11 and to move away from the hook 14 for unlocking and releasing the trigger guard. A pretensioned spring 19a stresses the trigger guard bolt 19 so as to maintain it usually moved forward such that its sear 19' engages with the hook 14. A backward movement of the trigger guard bolt 19 to move its sear 19' away from the hook 14 is brought about by a release device, designated overall as 20, which is mounted in the bascule 10 and controlled by means of the sliding safety catch 15 and the top lever for closing/opening the barrels 16. The sliding safety catch 15 can be manually moved into three positions: a backward position (not shown) for putting the trigger mechanism on safety by means of its catch part 15'; an intermediate position A (cf. Figure 1a) for firing, that is, for using the gun; and a forward position B (cf. Figure 2a) which enables the release device 20 to release the trigger mechanism. The closing top lever 18 has a rotation shaft 18' with a radial projection 18a, whose function will become clear below. The sliding safety catch 15 is provided with a peg 21, which interacts with a safety lever 22, which oscillates on a pin 22' and is stressed by a spring 22a so as to maintain the said safety lever 22 in contact with the said peg 21. Starting from its rear end, the safety lever 22 has, in succession, an incline 23, which, with the peg 21, is able to define the safety position (not shown), an intermediate notch 24, which, also with the said peg 21, is able to define the firing position A, and a cam protuberance 25, which, with the peg 21, is able to define the release position B of the trigger mechanism. An inclinable return pawl 26, which has a first arm facing towards, and interacting with, the sliding safety catch 15 and a second arm facing towards, and interacting with, a release bolt 27, is mounted with a pin 26' on the safety lever 22, in a part between its pin 22' and the cam protuberance 25. The said return pawl 26 follows the angular movements of the safety lever 22 and is able to oscillate independently of same. The release bolt 27 extends, almost horizontally, between the return pawl 26 and the shaft 18' of the closing top lever 18. It [release bolt 27] is mounted inclinable on an intermediate pin 27' not connected to the bascule and is also free from longitudinal movements. The said bolt 27 has an end nib 28, on which rests the second arm of the return pawl 26, and a head 29 facing towards, and intended for interacting with, the radial projection 18a of the shaft 18' of the closing top lever 18. A plate 30 attached to the bascule with a pin 30' forms a means of retention at the level of the head 29 of the release bolt 27. The intermediate pin 27' of the release bolt 27, and thus this bolt as well, is supported by a release lever 31, which is mounted, oscillating in a pendular manner, on a pin 31' fixed in the bascule 10. On the top, the release lever 31 has a retainer arm 32 intended for resting on the bascule to stop the oscillation in one direction of the said lever and to define a resting position for same. On the bottom, the release lever 31 has a push terminal 33 facing towards and intended for interacting with a nose 19b, which is made in one piece with the trigger guard bolt 19 and is arranged above the sear 19'. The release lever 31 and the release bolt 27 are stressed by a single spring 34, which is arranged and usually acts to maintain: the release lever 31 in its resting position and with its push terminal 33 spaced away from the nose 19b of the trigger guard bolt 19; and the release bolt 27 rotated on the pin 27' such that its end nib 28 is in contact with the second arm of the return pawl 26 and its head 29 is lowered outside the line of interception by the projection 18a of the shaft 18' of the top lever 18. Therefore, the release device 20 consists of the return pawl 26, the release bolt 27 and the release lever 31, which form a kinematic mechanism which makes possible the transmission of controls from the sliding safety catch 15 and from the closing top lever 18 to the trigger guard bolt 19 at the time of unlocking the trigger guard 11 for the removal of the trigger mechanism from the bascule. When the barrels of the gun are closed and the sliding safety catch 15 is in the firing position A (cf. Figure 1a), the release device 20 remains inoperative. Neither the sliding safety catch 15 nor the closing top lever 18 has an effect on the device 20. Thus, and as shown in Figure 1, the trigger mechanism remains coupled and locked in the bascule thanks to the interaction between the hook 14 of the trigger guard 11 and the sear 19' of the trigger guard bolt 19. To release the trigger guard 11, so as to be able to remove the trigger mechanism from the bascule, it is absolutely necessary to act consecutively on the sliding safety catch 15 and on the closing top lever 18. First, it is necessary to move the sliding safety catch 15 into the forward release position (cf. Figures 2, 2a); then, while it [safety catch] is maintained in this position, the top lever 18 is rotated for the opening of the barrels 16 (cf. Figures 3, 3a). With the movement of the sliding safety catch 15 into position B, the safety lever 22, pushed by the peg 21 which rises on the cam protuberance 25, oscillates towards the bottom; at the same time, the sliding safety catch 15 exerts a push against the first arm of the return pawl 26. This [return pawl] must rotate on the relative pin 26', and with its second arm, it begins to act on the release bolt 27, causing it to oscillate on the pin 27' so as to be lowered by the end 28 and to be raised by the head 29. The head 29 of the said bolt 27 is thus to be released from the retainer plate 30 and supported on the line of interception and interaction with the radial projection 18a of the shaft 18' of the closing top lever 18. Therefore, with the subsequent rotation of the closing top lever 18 to cause the opening of the barrels 16, the projection 18a is found to rotate from the position C to the position D shown in Figure 3a. The top lever 18, by means of the projection 18a, thus exerts a push in the longitudinal direction on the release bolt 27, which undergoes a linear movement towards the rear. This linear movement of the bolt 27 causes an oscillation of the release lever 31 on the relative fixed pin 31' so as to approach and engage the push terminal 33 against the nose 19b of the trigger guard bolt 19. On the other hand, the upper retainer arm 32 of the release lever 31 rests on the release bolt 27, leading to a uniting of the two elements 27, 31. Then, these two elements, under the pressure of the radial projection 18a of the shaft 18' of the top lever, cause a retrograde movement of the trigger guard bolt 19 against the spring 19a and until the sear 19' of the trigger guard bolt 19 moves away from the hook 14 of the trigger guard 11. Thus, the top lever remains stationary in the opening position, maintaining the bolt 19 withdrawn; the user can release the safety catch 15, which returns to the central firing position; the locked top lever when opened holds the bolt 19 back in a stable manner. The trigger guard 11 is thus released as shown in Figure 4 and can be freely removed from the base of the bascule according to the arrow F as shown in Figure 5, while the release device remains in the state which made it possible to release the trigger mechanism as well as in the state which makes it possible to remount the trigger device in the bascule. For such a remounting, the trigger mechanism may be reattached to the bascule as in Figure 6 after which, with the closing of the barrels and the return (cf. Figure 6) of the top lever to the locking position, the release device will return to the initial position of Figure 1, making it possible for the trigger guard bolt 19 to move forward and for its sear 19' to engage with the hook 14' for the active locking of the trigger mechanism. As is evident from the above, the trigger mechanism is removed and mounted only with the barrels open, therefore under conditions of safety for the user, whose hands, moreover, shall remain occupied with moving the sliding safety catch and the closing top lever and therefore away from the trigger.

Claims: Trigger mechanism coupling-and-releasing device coupling a trigger mechanism to and releasing it from the bascule of a gun, wherein the elements of the trigger mechanism are premounted on a trigger guard (11) which can be attached in the lower part of the bascule (10), the trigger guard has a baffle (13) which extends into the bascule, the baffle having a hook (14) facing towards the rear and intended to acting with a sear (19') of a trigger guard bolt (19) which is mounted and longitudinally movable in the bascule between a forward coupling position in which the sear engages the hook of the baffle on the trigger guard and a backward position for releasing the trigger guard in which the hook is no longer engaged by the sear, a sliding safety catch (15) having a catch part for interfering with an element of the trigger mechanism for rendering the trigger mechanism safe, the sliding safety catch being mounted slidably movable in the upper part of the bascule, an oscillating safety lever (22) is mounted in the bascule and shaped so as to interact with the sliding safety catch (15) and to define for this sliding safety catch: a backward safety position, an intermediate firing position (A) and a forward release position (B), and a top lever (18) is rotatingly mounted on the top part of the bascule and capable to be moved by rotation from a position for locking to a position for unlocking the barrels of the gun which are pivotably attached to the front part of the bascule, characterised by a mechanism (26, 27, 31) for the release of said trigger mechanism, which extends between the sliding safety catch (15), the top lever (18) and the trigger guard bolt (19) for moving the trigger guard bolt into the backward position for releasing the trigger guard with the trigger mechanism from the bascule, said mechanism being constructed such that the release of the trigger mechanism is brought about by consecutively moving the sliding safety catch (15) from the intermediate firing position (A) to the forward release position (B) and rotating the top lever in the position for unlocking the barrels. Trigger mechanism in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the top lever (18) has a rotation shaft (18') with a radial projection (18a) for controlling the mechanism of release (26, 27, 31). Trigger mechanism in accordance with the claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said mechanism of release comprises an inclinable return pawl (26), a release bolt (27), a release lever (31) and a spring (34), which simultaneously stresses the release bolt (27) and the release lever (31), and in that the inclinable pawl (26) is pivoted on the oscillating safety lever (22) and has a first arm facing towards and interacting with the said sliding safety catch (15) and a second arm facing towards and interacting with said release bolt (27), with the inclinable pawl (26) following the movements of the safety lever (22) and oscillating from the part of its second arm when the sliding safety catch (15) is moved from the intermediate firing position (A) to the forward release position (B); the release bolt (27) extends between the inclinable pawl (26) and the shaft (18') of the closing top lever (18), is mounted in an inclinable manner on a intermediate pin (27') that is released from the bascule and is also able to make longitudinal movements, said release bolt (27) having an end nib (28), on which rests the second arm of the inclinable pawl and a head (29) facing towards and intended for interacting with the radial projection (18a) of the shaft (18') of the closing top lever (18) when this top lever is rotated into the unlocking position for a longitudinal movement towards the rear of the bolt; the release lever (31) is connected to the intermediate pin (27') of the release bolt (27) and is pivoted in a pendular manner on a pin (31') attached to the bascule, with the release lever (31) having an upper retainer arm (32) intended for resting a limitation of its angular movements relative to the release bolt alternately against the bascule and on the release bolt, and a lower push terminal (33) facing towards and interacting with the trigger guard bolt (19) to move it into the backward position for releasing the trigger mechanism followed by the longitudinal movement towards the rear of the bolt for release by the radial projection (18a); the spring (34) acts so as to maintain the release lever (31) in a resting position and with its lower push terminal (33) moved away from the trigger guard bolt (19) and the release bolt (27) rotated on said intermediate pin (27') so that the end bin (28) is in contact with the second arm of the inclinable pawl (26) and its head (29) is outside the line of interception by the projection (18a) of the shaft (18') of the closing top lever (18) when the sliding safety catch (15) is not in the forward release position and the top lever (18) is in the position for locking the barrels. Trigger mechanism in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that the release bolt (27) rests with said head (29) on a retainer plate (30) when the top lever (18) is in the locking position, and the head of the bolt is not in alignment with the radial projection (18a), the head of the release bolt being in alignment with the radial projection when the sliding safety catch (15) is in the forward release position (B). Trigger mechanism in accordance with the claim 4, characterized in that the trigger guard bolt (19) is pushed by a said spring (19a) into the forward position for locking the trigger guard and has, above the sear (19') a nose (19b) wich extends towards and interacts with the lower push terminal (33) of the release lever (31).

Inventors: GUSSALLI BERETTA UGO, GUSSALLI BERETTA, UGO
Applicants: BERETTA ARMI SPA, FABBRICA D'ARMI P.BERETTA S.P.A.
Application year: 1995
Main classification: F41A19
IPC codes: F41A19