Connectors for base boards

Abstract: Connectors 10 for base boards consist of the primary and secondary connectors 20a and 20b having L-shaped contacts (50a,50b) which are attached, preferably using the surface mount soldering method, to lands 61,62 formed on the matching surfaces of the base boards 60a, 60b. A longitudinal groove 41 is made in the primary connector housing 40a, and contacting sections 52 of the contacts 50a of the primary connector 20a and contacts 50b of the secondary connector 20b, which is inserted in the groove 41, are connected by means of an elastic connecting component 30.

Description: This invention relates to electrical connectors for producing connections between multiple lands (pads) formed on base boards (or circuit boards). The density of components in electronic devices has recently rapidly increased in response to requirements toward their miniaturization. In order to increase the density of electronic circuitry, a number of designs for connectors used for connecting circuit boards have been proposed and implemented. An example of connectors for base boards having low profile intended for connection (parallel to each other) of a pair of base boards having multiple lands arrayed on the internal (facing each other) surfaces is shown in Fig. 10 of the accompanying drawings. It is an elastomer connector (an elastic connecting component) manufactured by AMP Incorporated (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) and distributed under the AMPLIFLEX trademark. Another example of an elastomer connector is described in U.S.-A-4,636,018. As can be seen from Fig. 10, a conventional elastomer connector 100 consists of a rod-shaped core 101 made of an elastomer material (insulating. elastic material), such as, silicone rubber, to the external surface of which ring-shaped conducting layers 102 are applied at regular intervals in a highly dense array. This elastomer connector 100 is pressed between the inner surfaces of the first and second 110, 120 base boards having multiple electrical lands or traces 111, 121 in the form of straight lines. When the lands 111, 121 are aligned and both base boards 110, 120 are pressed together, elastomer core 101 of elastomer connector 100 is deformed, thus producing connection between lands 111, 121 by means of conducting layers 102. However, it is difficult to achieve reliable connections using such a conventional connector for base boards or an elastomer connector 100 due to the fact that the elastomer connector 100 is deformed by applying a large pressure to the base boards 110, 120 resulting in pressing the conducting 1ayers 102 located at the circumference of the elastomer connector against the lands 111, 121 to make electric connection between them without producing a wiping action. This problem becomes more serious if either of the base boards 110 or 121 is warped under the pressure making it impossible to create correct and reliable connections between all the lands. In order to prevent the warping of the base boards 110, 120, it is necessary to maintain the distance between the base boards unchanged by securing them by several screws along the lands 111, 121. However, screws take some space, thus decreasing space available for the lands. Another disadvantage of such a solution is a substantial reduction in productivity of the assembly operations. Another method of preventing the warping of the base boards consists in reinforcing the boards by making them thicker or in providing them with reinforcing plate in the area of connection sections. However, if thicker boards or additional reinforcing plates are used, the overall thickness of the device will also increase, thus decreasing the density of mounting. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a new low-profile connector for base boards which makes it unnecessary to apply large pressures to the base boards and eliminates the danger of warping and which is suitable for high-density applications and makes it possible to produce reliable connections. The invention consists in an electrical connector for interconnecting lands formed on first and second base boards each having a plurality of lands and including an elastic connecting component having conductive paths for electrically connecting respective lands of the first and second base boards, characterized by a plurality of first contacts having connecting sections for connecting to the lands of the first base board and also having contacting sections and a plurality of second contacts having connecting sections for connecting to the lands of the second base board and also having contacting sections, said elastic cohnecting component connecting said first and second contacts upon insertion between the contacting sections such that pressure is directed parallel to the surfaces of the base boards. An electrical connector according to the preamble of claim 1 is, for example, disclosed in US-A-4 636 018. Preferably, the contacting sections of the first and second contacts are disposed perpendicularly to the base boards. The connection of base boards according to the present invention consists in connecting the first contacts to the lands of a first base board, preferably using surface-mounting technology, and inserting the elastic connecting component between the contacting portions of the first contacts and the second contacts fixed to a second base board in a similar manner to the first contacts. With the invention, the danger of warping is alleviated because the pressure is directed parallel to the surfaces of the base boards. In addition, since the connection is carried out by means of contacts, a wiping action is produced between the contacting portions of the contacts and the elastic contacting component resulting in a reliable electric connection even if dust, oxides or other foreign objects are present on the surfaces of the contacts. Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an assembled connector of this invention. Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the connector of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the connector of Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views taken along line 4-4 and 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the connector connected to base or circuit boards. Figs. 7-9 are views similar to Figs 1,2 and 4, respectively showing an alternative embodiment of the connector. Fig. 10 is a part front elevational view showing a prior art connector. Referring to Figs 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, the electrical connector 10 consists of a primary connector 20a, a secondary connector 20b and an elastic connecting component (elastomer connector) 30. The primary and secondary connectors 20a, 20b have rectangular elongated housings 40a, 40b in which multiple first and second contacts 50a, 50b are arranged in a high-density array. In the longitudinal direction of the housing 40a of the primary connector 20a, a groove 41 is made, preferably of a non-symmetrical configuration. As can be seen from the Fig. 1, the secondary connector 20b and the elastic connecting component 30 are inserted in this groove 41. Near the ends of one surface of the housing 40a, two alignment posts 42 are formed. The housing 40b of the secondary connector 20b has such dimensions that it fits in the groove 41 of the housing 40a of the primary connector 20a, and it has alignment posts 43 near the ends of one surface. As it will be explained in more detail below, in the housings 40a, 40b of the primary and secondary connectors 20a, 20b multiple contacts 50a, 50b are placed in a high-density arrangement. Contacts 50a, 50b are of an L shape and they have connecting sections 51 intended for the connection to the lands and contacting sections 52 intended for making connection with matching contacts (Fig 4). Contacts 50a, 50b have connecting sections 51 for SMT mounting (surface mount soldering) which slightly extend from the surfaces of the housings 40a, 40b on which the alignment posts 42, 43 are formed, and contacting sections 52 extending perpendicular to surface of the base board inside of the groove 41 of the primary connector 20a. The specific embodiment shown in Fig. 1 has a 32 mm long, 5 mm wide and 1.5 mm high (excluding alignment posts 42, 43) housing 40a; it has fifty contacts 50 a arranged at a pitch of 0.5 mm. It is a matter of fact that, depending on specific needs, other dimensions may be chosen as well. Figs. 4 and 5 represent cross sections along lines 4-4 and 5-5 in Fig. 3. In Fig. 4, an opposed configuration of contacts 50a and 50b is shown; Fig. 5 represents a portion of the connector where no contacts 50a, 50b are present. In Fig. 4 the first and the second base boards 60a and 60b are shown by phantom lines; the hatched areas relate only to parts of cross-sectioned details and other details are omitted. As can be clearly seen from Figs. 1-5, the connector 10 for base boards according to this invention has primary and secondary connectors 20a and 20b. In the assembled and connected condition, that is in the position depicted in Fig. 1, and as can be seen from Fig. 4, the secondary housing 40b of the connector 20b is inserted in the opening 41 of the primary housing 40a of the connector 20a. The contacting sections 52 of the primary and secondary contacts 50a, 50b retained in the housings 40a, 40b are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surfaces of the first and the second base boards 60a, 60b. The elastic connecting component 30 is inserted between the contacting sections 52 of the primary and secondary contacts 50a, 50b. The elastic connecting component 30 is practically of the same design as the conventional elastomer connector 100 shown in Fig. 10. It consists of an elastomer core 31 of an elliptical or oval cross section with multiple conducting paths arranged parallel to each other at its circumference at a high-density pitch. In this specific embodiment, the conducting paths are made on a flexible circuit substrate (FFC) 32, by a printing or etching technique, wound around the elastomer core 31, rather than being made directly on the core. The ends of this flexible circuit substrate 32 are pulled to one side (in the drawing, at the top) and secured by a securing means 33 such as adhesive. It is desirable to keep the housings 40a, 40b together when the primary and secondary connectors 20a and 20b are joined. For this purpose, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, an auxiliary latching device 45, 46 is provided in the form of a protrusion 45 made on the inside wall of the groove 41 of the primary connector housing 40a and a key way 46, made in the outside wall of the secondary connector housing 40b in the center or along its entire length. When the primary and secondary connectors 20a, 20b are joined together, wiping action takes place between conducting paths (not shown in the drawing) of the elastic connecting component 30 and the contacting sections 52 of the primary and secondary contacts 50a, 50b, which can be best seen in the Fig. 4. The elastic connecting component provides pressure necessary for maintaining reliable connection between the contacting sections 52. It is desirable to plate contacting sections 52 and surfaces of the conducting paths of the elastic connecting component 30 with gold or other corrosion resistant noble metal. As follows from the above explanations, the elastic connecting component 30 is retained between primary and secondary contacts 20a, 20b parallel to the base boards. Therefore, there is no vertical pressure applied directly to the first and second base boards 60a, 60b, resulting in total absence of warping in the base boards 60a, 60b. For the purposes of proper alignment of connecting sections 51 of the contacts 50a, 50b with the corresponding lands 61, 62 of the base boards 60a, 60b, alignment posts 42, 43 are provided on the housings 40a, 40b of the primary and secondary connectors 20a, 20b which fit in the alignment holes 62, 64 of the base boards 60a, 60b. These alignment posts 42, 43 can be made as 1.5 mm diameter cylindrical columns with tapered tips. It is preferable to make the posts at different ends of the housings of different size to assure -proper connection. Next, an explanation is given concerning the method of connection according to this invention of base boards with reference to Fig. 6 which shows basically the same elements as in the Fig. 4, only enlarged. On the matching surfaces of the base boards 60a, 60b, a number of lands 61, 62 are formed. These lands 61, 62 are preliminarily coated with a cream solder 65 in the same manner as in conventional SMT methods. First, the primary connector 20a is placed on the inside surface of the first base board 60a in such a way that the connecting sections 51 of the primary contacts 50a are aligned with the lands 61. The primary contacts 50a are connected to the lands 61 using the same methods as in SMT methods, for example, by heating the connecting sections 51 by means of infra red radiation, thus melting cream solder 65. Similarly, again using SMT methods, the connecting sections of secondary contacts 50b of the secondary connector 20b are connected to the second base board 60b. The primary and secondary connectors 20a and 20b are connected to base boards 60a, 60b using the SMT method. After that, the elastic connecting component 30 is inserted in the groove 41 of the primary connector housing 40a. FFC 32 is inserted from the right side, as shown in Fig. 6, so that its outer surface and the contacting sections 52 of the primary contacts 50a actually make contact. The ends 33 of the FFC 32 can be secured to the primary housing 40a by an adhesive. Then, the first and second base boards 60a, 60b are aligned and pressed together so that secondary housing 40b is inserted in the groove 41 of the primary housing 40a and is locked by means of the locking devices 45, 46. In this state, the contacting sections 52, 52 of both contacts 50a, 50b are connected together by means of the elastic connecting component 30. In the above explanation, only one connector 10 is used for connection of base boards 60a, 60b. But this method is also applicable to the case when the base boards 60a, 60b are connected by several connectors 10 for base boards. Next, an explanation concerning another embodiment of the connector for base boards according to this invention with reference to Figs. 7-9 is provided. Except that the contacts 50a, 50b of the primary connector 20a' and the secondary connector 20b' are arranged in two rows and are connected to two rows of lands for the purpose of a further increase in the mounting density, the connector 10' for base boards according to this embodiment has basically the same structure as the connector 10 depicted in Figs. 1-6. Therefore, only an explanation of the differences in the connector 10' is provided. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the connector 10' for base boards in an assembled state; Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the connector 10' and Fig. 9 is a cross- sectional view showing contacts corresponding to Fig. 4. The housing 40a' of the primary connector 20a' of the connector 10' for base boards has a longitudinal groove 41'. L-shaped contacts 50a' are arranged in two rows in the groove 41' of the primary housing 40a'. These contacts 50a' have connecting sections 51' intended for connection to the base board lands by means of SMT technique. L-shaped contacts 50b' are also arranged in two rows along opposite sides of the housing 4ab'. The secondary connector 20b' is inserted in the groove 41' of the primary housing 40a' of the primary connector 20a' and secures two elastic connecting components 30a, 30b therebetween. When the primary and secondary connectors 20a' and 20b' of this connector 10' are joined together, the elastic connecting components 30a, 30b form connections between the contacting sections 52' of the contacts 50a', 50b' arranged in two rows. As a result, using elastic connecting components 30a, 30b, it is possible to make connections between two rows of the contacts 50a', 50b' of the primary and secondary connectors 20a', 20b' attached to two rows of lands by means of the SMT technique. Therefore, using the second embodiment of the connector 10' for base boards shown in Figs. 7-9, it is possible to increase the density of connections two times compared to the first embodiment shown in Figs. 1-6. The method of connecting the base boards using the embodiment of the connector 10' for base boards shown in Figs. 7-9 is basically the same as in the case of the connector 10 for base boards shown in Figs. 1-6. That is, two rows of the contacts 50a' of the primary connector 20a' are aligned with the lands made on the first base board and connected by a SMT method. Next, two rows of the contacts 50b' of the secondary connector 20b' are aligned with the lands made on the second base board and connected by a SMT method. Then the contacts 50a', 50b' of the primary and secondary connectors 20a', 20b' attached to the first and the second base boards by the SMT method are connected by means of elastic connecting components 30a, 30b. Above, explanations have been given concerning preferred embodiments of the connector for base boards according to this invention with reference Figs. 1 through 9. However, this invention is not limited to only these embodiments, and it should be understood that various modifications may be easily made to it as necessary by a person knowing the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, not all the contacts must be suitable for the SMT-type connection, but may have soldering tails disposed in throughholes made in the base boards. As follows from the above explanation, the connectors for base boards according to this invention consist of primary and secondary connectors having contacts which are aligned and soldered to the lands made on the inner surfaces of the first and second base boards to be connected. Then both connectors are joined together by means of an elastic connecting component inserted between the contacting sections of the connector contacts. The wiping action generated between these contacting sections and the elastic contacting component makes it possible to obtain highly reliable electrical connections. Since the pressure generated by the elastic connecting component is not applied directly to the base boards, but is parallel to their surfaces, there is no danger that reliability will be compromised due to board warping. In addition to other advantages compared to conventional connectors for base boards, the use of the connectors according to this invention makes it possible to maintain the distance between the boards within 1.5 to 2 mm limits, thus greatly contributing to an increase in the density of mounting of electronic components.

Claims: An electrical connector (10,10') for interconnecting lands (61,62) formed on first and second base boards (60a,60b) each having a plurality of lands, and including an elastic connecting component (30,30a,30b) having conductive paths for electrically connecting respective lands of the first and second base boards (60a,60b), characterized by a plurality of first contacts (50a,50a') having connecting sections (51,51') for connecting to the lands of the first base board (60a) and also having contacting sections (52,52'), and a plurality of second contacts (50b,50b') having connecting sections (51,51') for connecting to the lands of the second base board (60b) and also having contacting sections (52,52'), said elastic connecting component (30,30a,30b) interconnecting said first and second contacts (50a,50b;50a',50b') upon insertion between the contacting sections (52,52') such that pressure is directed parallel to the surfaces of the base boards. The connector of claim 1 wherein the elastic component (30,30a,30b) comprises an elastomer core (31) having said conductive paths formed at the periphery of said elastomer core. The connector of claim 2 wherein said conductive paths are formed on a flexible circuit substrate (32) disposed around the elastomer core (31). The connector of claim 1 wherein the first contacts (50a') and the second contacts (50b') are each positioned in two rows, and two elastic connecting components (30a, 30b) are connected respectively between the two rows of first contacts (50a') and corresponding second contacts (50b'). The connector of any preceding claim wherein said contacts (50a, 50b, 50a', 50b') include surface mount solder lead connecting sections (51, 51') for connecting said contacts to said lands. The connector of any preceding claim wherein said first contacts (50a, 50a') are mounted on a first housing (40a, 40a') and said second contacts (50b, 50b') are mounted on a second housing (40b, 40b'), said elastic connecting component (30, 30a, 30b) being mounted between the first and second housings. The connector of any preceding claim wherein said contacts (50a, 50a', 50b, 50b') are located on a centerline to centerline pitch not greater than 0.5 mm. The connector of any preceding claim wherein said contacts (50a, 50a', 50b, 50b') are L-shaped with the contacting sections (52, 52') extending perpendicular to the connecting sections (51, 51'). The connector of any preceding claim 1 to 5 wherein said contacts (50a, 50a', 50b, 50b') are mounted on housing means (40a, 40a', 40b, 40b') including alignment posts (42, 43) for attaching said housing means to said base boards (60a, 60b) with said contacting sections (52, 52') extending generally perpendicular to said base boards (60a, 60b), said first contacts (50a, 50a') are opposed to said second contacts (50b, 50b'). The connector of any preceding claim 1 to 5 wherein said first contacts (50a, 50a') and second contacts (50b, 50b') are respectively positioned on a first housing and a second housing (40a, 40a', 40b, 40b'), each housing being independently attachable respectively to said first and second base boards (60a, 60b,) and the or each elastic connecting component (30, 30a, 30b) being insertable between said first and second contacts after said housings are independently attached to said first and second base boards.

Inventors: FURUYA OKITSUGU, NAITOH TAKAKI, FURUYA, OKITSUGU, NAITOH, TAKAKI
Applicants: WHITAKER CORP, THE WHITAKER CORPORATION
Application year: 1995
Main classification: H01R23
IPC codes: H01R12, H01R4, H05K1