A system for monitoring a multiplicity of doors

Abstract: A system for monitoring a multiplicity of doors including at least one optical transceiver mounted on each of the multiplicity of doors and communications apparatus for communicating with each of the multiplicity of doors thereby to verify their position.

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to monitoring apparatus generally and more particularly to electro-optical monitoring apparatus. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There exist in the patent literature a variety of patents which deal with monitoring the opening and closing of a door. The following U.S. patents are representative of the prior art: 3,816,745; 3,875,403; 3,987,428; 4,266,124; 4,319,332; 4,324,977; 4,390,867; 4,583,082; 4,650,990; 4,742,337; 4,812,810; 4,841,283; 4,903,009; 4,965,551; 5,015,840; 5,063,288; 5,111,184; 5,134,386 and 5,138,299. FR-A-2,526,474 discloses a system comprising the features of the preamble of claim 1. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention seeks to provide an improved system for monitoring which is particularly useful for monitoring the opening and closing of a plurality of doors arranged in a generally planar array. There is thus provided in accordance with the present invention a system comprising the features of claim 1. Preferably each transceiver includes, for at least some of the multiplicity of doors, a plurality of optical transmitters and receivers operative in a plurality of different directions. Each transceiver is preferably autonomously powered. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention each transceiver includes at least one light emitting diode and light sensor. Preferably each transceiver includes a microprocessor. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each transceiver is operative to provide an indication of an open door or inoperative transceiver downstream thereof in a communications chain. Preferably, the communications apparatus includes a personal computer and communicates with the transceivers via at least two communications interfaces. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of doors are doors of a bank of safe deposit boxes. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the system also includes apparatus for logging door openings and inoperative transceivers on a time based log. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a pictorial illustration of a monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a simplified partially pictorial, partially block diagram illustration of part of the system of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a simplified block diagram of DCU circuitry mounted on each door being monitored in the system; Fig. 4 is a simplified block diagram of ECU circuitry forming part of the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 5 is an electrical schematic illustration of electrical circuitry employed in a preferred embodiment of the ECU, DCU and SCU circuitry; Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G, 6H and 6I are flow charts illustrating the operation of the system manager of Figs. 1 and 2; Figs. 7A and 7B are flow charts illustrating the operation of the SCU circuitry of Figs. 1 - 5; Figs. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E and 8F are flow charts illustrating the operation of the ECU circuitry of Figs. 1 - 5; and Figs. 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F, 9G, 9H and 9I are flow charts illustrating the operation of the DCU circuitry of Figs. 1 - 5. LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A is a software listing in Intel Intellec - 8 HEX dump format of software resident in the DCU, ECU and SCU circuitry; Appendix B is a listing of a sequence of events which characterizes operation of an embodiment of the invention including four DCUs in four different operational cases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Reference is now made to Fig. 1, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of a system for monitoring a plurality of doors, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The system is here shown in the context of monitoring a bank of safe deposit boxes, which is a preferred application. It is to be appreciated, however, that the invention is not limited to this or any other particular application. For the purpose of explanation, the bank of safe deposit boxes, indicated generally by reference numeral 20, is arranged in a plurality of vertical columns 22, labeled A - G, and a plurality of horizontal rows 24, labeled 1 - 8. It is to be appreciated that any suitable number of boxes may be monitored in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a multiplicity of door monitoring units 26, hereinafter termed "DCU"s or transceivers, each of which is mounted on the door of a separate box. Communicating with the door monitoring units 26 are a plurality of edge monitoring units 28, hereinafter termed "ECU"s. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of ECUs 28 are arranged along the bottom of the bank of boxes 20, one ECU being arranged in registration with one column of DCUs 26, such that, for example, the ECU labeled A communicates with the DCUs in column A and so on. Alternatively, the ECUs could be arranged along a vertical edge of the bank 20. The ECUs are arranged for communication and are referred to collectively as a common block, hereinafter termed "ECB". A system control unit 32, hereinafter termed "SCU" controls the ECUs 30 and may in turn be controlled by a system manager 34, which may be embodied in software and be operated by an operator using a conventional personal computer. Reference is now made to Fig. 2, which illustrates a representative part of the system of Fig. 1. It is seen that each ECU 28 typically comprises an optical transceiver 40, preferably an LED 42 and a light sensor 44, such as a Schmitt photodetector. The optical transceiver pair 40 communicates with a controller 46, which in tum communicates along the ECB block 30 and with the SCU 32. Each DCU preferably includes four optical transceivers 40, disposed along each edge thereof, communicating with a controller 50. The optical transceiver pairs 40 of each DCU 26 are arranged in opposite registration with adjacent corresponding optical transceiver pairs 40 on adjacent DCUs 26 and, where appropriate, with an optical transceiver pair 40 of an adjacent ECU 28, such that serial communication of all adjacent DCUs with each other and with adjacent ECUs 28 is provided, as will be described hereinafter in greater detail. The four optical transceiver pairs 40 are designated as follows: Two vertically directed pairs, identified by reference numerals 41 and 43 respectively are termed UPPER LINK and LOWER LINK. Two horizontally directed pairs, identified by reference numerals 45 and 47 respectively are termed RIGHT LINK and LEFT LINK. For the sake of convenience in notation, correspondingly positioned transceiver pairs on the ECUs and SCUs are also labeled in accordance with the above convention. In practice, for engineering and manufacturing simplicity, the ECUs, SCUs and DCUs may include the same hardware platform. In the ECUs, the RIGHT LINK and LEFT LINK of adjacent transceivers may communicate either by wire, as illustrated in Fig. 2, or optically. Reference is now made to Fig. 3, which is a simplified block diagram illustration of the DCU 26. Controller 50 is delineated by dashed lines and includes a CPU 52 and an associated RAM 54 and ROM 56. The CPU 52 communicates via an I/O bus with respective transmit and receive registers 58 and 60. Register 58 communicates via a LED buffer 62 with four LEDS 64, 66, 68 and 70, each directed in a different direction. Register 60 communicates via a sensor buffer 72 with four sensors 74, 76, 78 and 80, each directed in a different direction. A power module 82 provides power to the controller 50 and preferably includes an autonomous power source such as solar cells 84 or an RF energy receiver and rectifier assembly 86. The autonomous power source provides electrical power to a power supply 88, which converts the electrical power to voltages appropriate for use by the various elements of the DCU 26. Reference is now made to Fig. 4, which is a simplified block diagram illustration of the ECU 28. Controller 46 includes a CPU 102 and an associated RAM 104 and ROM 106. The CPU 102 communicates via an I/O bus with respective transmit and receive registers 108, 134, 110 and 130. Register 108 communicates via a LED buffer 112 with an LED 114. Register 110 communicates via a sensor buffer 116 with a sensor 118. Register 130 receives, via a buffer 132, information from an adjacent ECU, if present. Register 134 transmits via a buffer 136 to an adjacent ECU, if present. The serial input 103 and serial output 105 from the CPU 102 provide communication with the SCU 32. A schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of DCU, circuitry appears in Fig. 5. The schematic illustration is believed to be self explanatory, accordingly, no additional description thereof is believed to be necessary. Identical circuitry is employed also for the ECU and SCU circuitry. A listing of software resident in the microcontroller of Fig. 5 appears in Appendix A, for DCU, ECU and SCU functionalities. The operation of the apparatus of Figs. 1 - 5 will now be explained with particular reference to Figs. 6A - 6I. As illustrated in Fig. 6A, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system manager is operative following initialization to confirm that no door is open and that no door has been authorized to be opened. The system manager is then prepared to deal with any one of three events: a timer event, a user input, receipt of a message from the SCU 32 (Fig. 1). Following occurrence of an event, the system manager returns to an idle state. The operation of the system manager upon occurrence of a timer event is illustrated in Fig. 6B. If an excessive time has passed since the last message, a report to that effect is logged and an alarm is sounded. Otherwise, a request is transmitted to the SCU 32 to perform a block poll, as will be described hereinbelow. The operation of the system manager upon receipt of a message from the SCU is illustrated in Fig. 6C. Four types of messages are dealt with as will be described hereinbelow: NBIO - NO BOX IS OPEN RBIO - RIGHT BOX IS OPEN LBIO - LEFT BOX IS OPEN ENDP - END OF POLL The subroutines dedicated to the above messages NBIO, LBIO, RBIO and ENDP are illustrated in respective Figs. 6F, 6D, 6E and 6G. Each of the subroutines shown in Figs. 6F, 6D and 6E employ a subroutine which is explained hereinbelow with reference to Fig. 6I. Other than this subroutine, the subject matter of Figs. 6F, 6D, 6E and 6G is not believed to require further explanation. The operation of the system manager upon receipt of an input from a user is illustrated in Fig. 6H. A user indicates a single door which he is authorized to open and normally provides the requisite identification to a security operative. The system manager notes in a register that the indicated door is authorized to be opened. When the user has completed accessing a given vault via the door, the system manager notes in a register that the indicated door is no longer authorized to open. The system as described herein is configured to only permit one authorized box opening at any given time. Alternatively, the system could be configured to permit more than one authorized box opening at a given time. The operation of the system manager upon reception of a message from a SCU, indicating the open status of a door is illustrated in Fig. 6I. The system checks to determine whether the door which is indicated to be open is authorized to be open. If not, an alarm is sounded. In any event, the open status of the door is logged by column and row numbers. Reference is now made to Figs. 7A and 7B which illustrate the operation of SCU circuitry 32. Following initialization, the SCU circuitry awaits a poll command from the system manager 34. Upon receipt of the poll command it conducts polling the status of block 20 (Fig. 1). Generally speaking, the task of the SCU is to transmit a poll instruction message to a first ECU in response to a poll system instruction from the system manager 34 (Fig. 1) and to then receive the various return messages therefrom. These messages are then retransmitted by the SCU to the system manager 34. As illustrated in Fig. 7B, the polling of block 20 is achieved by transmitting a poll message to a first ECU and then awaiting a message from the ECU. If the message is properly received, it is echoed to the system manager 34. If the message is not properly received, the SCU exits the subroutine of Fig. 7B. The subroutine is operative until an ENDP message is received and echoed to the system manager 34. Reference is now made to Figs. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E and 8F illustrating the operation of the system manager of Figs. 1-5. The following notation will be employed in the discusion which follows: LINK HX - one of the two horizontal links on a transceiver (DCU, ECU or SCU). LINK 1 - HX - the other one of the two horizontal links on the transceiver (DCU, ECU or SCU). LINK VX - one of the two vertical links on a transceiver (DCU, ECU or SCU). LINK 1 - VX - the other one of the two vertical links on the transceiver (DCU, ECU or SCU). As seen in Fig. 8A, following initialization, the ECU waits for a wake-up signal and upon receipt thereof handles a start-bit from a LINK HX. As illustrated in Fig. 8B, upon receipt of the message along LINK HX, and if the message is successfully received, the ECU circuitry deals with the following types of messages received from LINK HX: NBIO - NO BOX IS OPEN RBIO - RIGHT BOX IS OPEN LBIO - LEFT BOX IS OPEN ENDP - END OF POLL POLL - POLL INSTRUCTION As illustrated in Fig. 8C, upon receipt of an NBIO, RBIO or LBIO message, the ECU retransmits the same message with the received column and row indices (COL, ROW) changed to (COL+1,ROW) to LINK 1 - HX, i.e. the opposite link on the same transceiver. As illustrated in Fig. 8D, upon receipt of an ENDP message from LINK HX, the ECU performs a DCU column poll and transmits an ENDP message with the received (COL, ROW) indication changed to (COL+1,ROW) to link 1 - HX, i.e. the opposite link. As illustrated in Fig. 8E, upon receipt of a POLL message from LINK HX, the ECU also transmits a poll message to LINK 1 - HX. If the transmission is not successful it performs a DCU column poll and transmits the result to link 1 - HX. It also transmits a ENDP message with a column indication 0 to link 1 - HX. As seen in Fig. 8F, the ECU transmits a POLL message to the most adjacent DCU (transceiver). If the transmission is not successful, the ECU transmits an NBIO message with indices (0,0) to LINK HX for ultimate transmittal to the SCU 32 and the system manager 34. If the transmission is successful, the ECU awaits a message from the adjacent DCU. If such a message is not received successfully, the ECU exits the subroutine. If a message is successfully received from the adjacent DCU, it is dealt with depending on the type of message, i.e. LBIO, RBIO or NBIO. In the event of receipt of any of the above three types of messages the ECU transmits a message of the same type to a link HX for ultimate transmittal to the SCU 32 and the system manager 34. The index of the message is a column index 0 and a row index equal to the received index incremented by +1. In the event of receipt of RBIO and LBIO messages, the ECU remains in the subroutine awaiting further messages. If an NBIO message is received, the ECU exits the subroutine. Reference is now made to Figs. 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F, 9G, 9H, 9I and 9J which are flow charts illustrating the operation of the DCU circuitry of Figs. 1 - 5. As illustrated in Fig. 9A, upon supply of power to the DCU circuitry and initialization thereof, the DCU remains in a dormant state until it is awakened up by a received signal. The received signal may come from a source which is vertically separated from the DCU or a source which is horizontally separated from the DCU. Once the received signal has been dealt with, the DCU returns to its dormant state. As seen in Fig. 9B, if the signal is received from a source that is horizontally separated from the DCU, the DCU retransmits the communication back to the source. If, however, as seen in Fig. 9C, the signal is received from a source that is vertically separated from the DCU, the DCU checks if the message has been correctly received. If so, each message is handled separately and when it has been handled, the DCU returns to its dormant state. The description of the handling of the various types of messages is provided with reference to the drawings in accordance with the following table: MESSAGE TYPE FIGURE POLL Fig. 9D NBIO Fig. 9G RBIO Fig. 9H LBIO Fig. 9I Fig. 9D illustrates handling of a POLL message from a LINK VX and indicates that the received POLL message is retransmitted to an opposite link, LINK 1 - VX. If the transmission is not successful, the DCU transmits the status of its right and left neighbors back to link VX and also transmits an NBIO message with index 0 to link VX. Transmission of the status of the right and left neighbors is illustrated in Fig. 9E. An inquiry is made as to whether the right neighbor door is open. If so, an RBIO message is transmitted to link VX with index 0. An inquiry is made if the left neighbor door is open. If so, an LBIO message is transmitted to link VX with index 0. Reading status of a neighbor is illustrated in Fig. 9F and includes the steps of communicating with a neighboring DCU. If the communication is successful, an indication is provided that the neighboring door is closed. If the communication is not successful, an indication is provided that the neighboring door is open. Handling of an NBIO message is illustrated in Fig. 9G and includes transmitting the status of the right and left neighbors as described hereinabove and afterwards transmitting an NBIO message with an ROW index incremented by +1 to the opposite link 1 - VX. Handling of an RBIO message is illustrated in Fig. 9H and includes transmitting an RBIO message with a ROW index incremented by +1 to the opposite link 1 - VX. Handling of an LBIO message is illustrated in Fig. 9I and includes transmitting an LBIO message with an ROW index incremented by +1 to the opposite link 1 - VX. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims which follow: APPENDIX A Hex File Dump of Door Control Unit (DCU) Hex File Dump of Edge Control Unit (ECU) Hex File Dump of Site Control Unit (SCU) APPENDIX B Sequence of Events This document describes the sequence of events which occurs in the system for each of the following cases. Case 1 - All doors closed Case 2 - A single authorized door is open Case 3 - A single unauthorized door is open Case 4 - Two doors are open, one is authorized and one is not. For the purpose of this description the system includes the following elements: A system manager A Single SCU which is connected to the ECU labeled ECU1. Four ECUs and 16 DCU which are configures in the following manner: DCU4.4 DCU3.4 DCU2.4 DCU1.4 DCU4.3 DCU3.3 DCU2.3 DCU1.3 DCU4.2 DCU3.2 DCU2.2 DCU1.2 DCU4.1 DCU3.1 DCU2.1 DCU1.1 ECU4 ECU3 ECU2 ECU1 Case 1 - All Doors Closed SOURCE DEST. MESSAGE CONTENTS 1. System SCU POLL 2. SCU Right Link POLL (Transmission fails) 3. SCU ECU1 POLL 4. ECU1 ECU2 POLL 5. ECU2 ECU3 POLL 6. ECU3 ECU4 POLL 7. ECU4 Next ECU POLL (Transmission fails) 8. ECU4 DCU4.1 POLL 9. DCU4.1 DCU4.2 POLL 10. DCU4.2 DCU4.3 POLL 11. DCU4.3 DCU4.4 POLL 12. DCU4.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 13. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 ARE YOU THERE? 14. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 YES 15. DCU4.4 DCU4.3 NBIO 0 16. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 ARE YOU THERE? 17. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 YES 18. DCU4.3 DCU4.2 NBIO1 19. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 20. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 YES 21. DCU4.2 DCU4.1 NBIO 2 22. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 23. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 YES 24. DCU4.1 ECU4 NBIO 3 25. ECU4 ECU3 NBIO 4,0 26. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,1 27. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,2 28. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,3 29. SCU System NBIO 4,3; The system interprets this to mean that DCU4.4 could not communicate with a DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 30. ECU4 ECU3 ENDP 0 31. 32. ECU3 DCU3.1 POLL 33. DCU3.1 DCU3.2 POLL 34. DCU3.2 DCU3.3 POLL 35. DCU3.3 DCU3.4 POLL 36. DCU3.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 37. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 ARE YOU THERE? 38. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 YES 39. DCU3.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 40. DCU2.4 DCU3.4 YES 41. DCU3.4 DCU3.3 NBIO 0 42. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 ARE YOU THERE? 43. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 YES 44. DCU3.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? 45. DCU2.3 DCU3.3 YES 46. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 NBIO 1 47. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 ARE YOU THERE? 48. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 YES 49. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 50. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 YES 51. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 NBIO 2 52. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 ARE YOU THERE? 53. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 YES 54. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 55. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 YES 56. DCU3.1 ECU3 NBIO 3 57. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,0 58. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,1 59. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,2 60. SCU System NBIO 4,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 61. ECU3 ECU2 ENDP 1 62. ECU2 DCU2.1 POLL 63. DCU2.1 DCU2.2 POLL 64. DCU2.2 DCU2.3 POLL 65. DCU2.3 DCU2.4 POLL 66. DCU2.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 67. DCU2.4 DCU3.4 ARE YOU THERE? 68. DCU3.4 DCU2.4 YES 69. DCU2.4 DCU1.4 ARE YOU THERE? 70. DCU1.4 DCU2.4 YES 71. DCU2.4 DCU2.3 NBIO 0 72. DCU2.3 DCU3.3 ARE YOU THERE? 73. DCU3.3 DCU2.3 YES 74. DCU2.3 DCU1.3 ARE YOU THERE? 75. DCU1.3 DCU2.3 YES 76. DCU2.3 DCU2.2 NBIO 1 77. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 78. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 YES 79. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 ARE YOU THERE? 80. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 YES 81. DCU2.2 DCU2.1 NBIO 2 82. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 83. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 YES 84. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 ARE YOU THERE? 85. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 YES 86. DCU2.1 ECU2 NBIO 3 87. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,0 88. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,1 89. SCU System NBIO 4,1; The system interprets this to mean that DCU2.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 90. ECU2 ECU1 ENDP 2 91. ECU1 DCU1.1 POLL 92. DCU1.1 DCU1.2 POLL 93. DCU1.2 DCU1.3 POLL 94. DCU1.3 DCU1.4 POLL 95. DCU1.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 96. DCU1.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 97. DCU2.4 DCU1.4 YES 98. DCU1.4 DCU1.3 NBIO 0 99. DCU1.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? 100. DCU2.3 DCU1.3 YES 101. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 NBIO 1 102. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 103. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 YES 104. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 NBIO 2 105. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 106. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 YES 107. DCU1.1 ECU1 NBIO 3 108. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,0 109. SCU System NBIO 4,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU 1.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 110. ECU1 SCU ENDP 3 111. SCU System ENDP 3; The system interprets this to mean that the polling of 4 columns has been completed. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. Case 2 - A Single Authorized Door is Open The door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. This door has been authorized to be open. SOURCE DEST. MESSAGE CONTENTS 1. System SCU POLL 2. SCU Right Link POLL (Transmission fails) 3. SCU ECU1 POLL 4. ECU1 ECU2 POLL 5. ECU2 ECU3 POLL 6. ECU3 ECU4 POLL 7. ECU4 Next ECU POLL (Transmission fails) 8. ECU4 DCU4.1 POLL 9. DCU4.1 DCU4.2 POLL 10. DCU4.2 DCU4.3 POLL 11. DCU4.3 DCU4.4 POLL 12. DCU4.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 13. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 ARE YOU THERE? 14. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 YES 15. DCU4.4 DCU4.3 NBIO 0 16. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 ARE YOU THERE? 17. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 YES 18. DCU4.3 DCU4.2 NBIO 1 19. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 20. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 YES 21. DCU4.2 DCU4.1 NBIO 2 22. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 23. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 YES 24. DCU4.1 ECU4 NBIO 3 25. ECU4 ECU3 NBIO 4,0 26. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,1 27. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,2 28. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,3 29. SCU System NBIO 4,3; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 30. ECU4 ECU3 ENDP 0 31. ECU3 DCU3.1 POLL 32. DCU3.1 DCU3.2 POLL 33. DCU3.2 DCU3.3 POLL 34. DCU3.3 DCU3.4 POLL 35. DCU3.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 36. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 ARE YOU THERE? 37. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 YES 38. DCU3.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 39. DCU2.4 DCU3.4 YES 40. DCU3.4 DCU3.3 NBIO 0 41. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 ARE YOU THERE? 42. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 YES 43. DCU3.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 44. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 RBIO 0 45. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 RBIO 1 46. DCU3.1 ECU3 RBIO 2 47. ECU3 ECU2 RBIO 3,0 48. ECU2 ECU1 RBIO 3,1 49. ECU1 SCU RBIO 3,2 50. SCU System RBIO 3,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its right. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Because this door is authorized to open, the system logs the event but does not sound the alarm. 51. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 NBIO 1 52. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 ARE YOU THERE? 53. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 YES 54. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 55. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 YES 56. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 NBIO 2 57. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 ARE YOU THERE? 58. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 YES 59. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 60. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 YES 61. DCU3.1 ECU3 NBIO 3 62. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,0 63. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,1 64. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,2 65. SCU System NBIO 4,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound that alarm. 66. ECU3 ECU2 ENDP 1 67. ECU2 DCU2.1 POLL 68. DCU2.1 DCU2.2 POLL 69. DCU2.2 DCU2.3 POLL (Transmission fails) 70. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 71. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 YES 72. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 ARE YOU THERE? 73. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 YES 74. DCU2.2 DCU2.1 NBIO 0 75. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 76. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 YES 77. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 ARE YOU THERE? 78. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 YES 79. DCU2.1 ECU2 NBIO 1 80. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 2,0 81. ECU1 SCU NBIO 2,1 82. SCU System NBIO 2,1 ; The system interprets this to mean that DCU2.2 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Since this door is authorized to be open, the system logs the event but does not sound the alarm. 83. ECU2 ECU1 ENDP 2 84. ECU1 DCU1.1 POLL 85. DCU1.1 DCU1.2 POLL 86. DCU1.2 DCU1.3 POLL 87. DCU1.3 DCU1.4 POLL 88. DCU1.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 89. DCU1.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 90. DCU2.4 DCU1.4 YES 91. DCU1.4 DCU1.3 NBIO 0 92. DCU1.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 93. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 LBIO 0 94. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 LBIO 1 95. DCU1.1 ECU1 LBIO 2 96. ECU1 SCU LBIO 3,0 97. SCU System LBIO 3,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU1.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its left. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Since this door is authorized to be open, the event is logged but the alarm is not sounded. 98. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 NBIO 0 99. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 100. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 YES 101. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 NBIO 2 102. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 103. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 YES 104. DCU1.1 ECU1 NBIO 3 105. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,0 106. ECU1 SCU ENDP 3 107. SCU System ENDP 3; The system interprets this to mean that the polling of 4 columns has been completed. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. Case 3 - A single Unauthorized Door is Open The door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. This door has not been authorized to be open. SOURCE DEST. MESSAGE CONTENTS 1. System SCU POLL 2. SCU Right Link POLL (Transmission fails) 3. SCU ECU1 POLL 4. ECU1 ECU2 POLL 5. ECU2 ECU3 POLL 6. ECU3 ECU4 POLL 7. ECU4 Next ECU POLL (Transmission fails) 8. ECU4 DCU4.1 POLL 9. DCU4.1 DCU4.2 POLL 10. DCU4.2 DCU4.3 POLL 11. DCU4.3 DCU4.4 POLL 12. DCU4.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 13. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 ARE YOU THERE? 14. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 YES 15. DCU4.4 DCU4.3 NBIO 0 16. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 ARE YOU THERE? 17. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 YES 18. DCU4.3 DCU4.2 NBIO 1 19. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 20. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 YES 21. DCU4.2 DCU4.1 NBIO 2 22. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 23. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 YES 24. DCU4.1 ECU4 NBIO 3 25. ECU4 ECU3 NBIO 4,0 26. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,1 27. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,2 28. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,3 29. SCU System NBIO 4,3; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 30. ECU4 ECU3 ENDP 0 31. ECU3 DCU3.1 POLL 32. DCU3.1 DCU3.2 POLL 33. DCU3.2 DCU3.3 POLL 34. DCU3.3 DCU3.4 POLL 35. DCU3.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 36. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 ARE YOU THERE? 37. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 YES 38. DCU3.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 39. DCU2.4 DCU3.4 YES 40. DCU3.4 DCU3.3 NBIO 0 41. DCU3.3 DCU4 3 ARE YOU THERE? 42. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 YES 43. DCU3.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 44. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 RBIO 0 45. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 RBIO 1 46. DCU3.1 ECU3 RBIO 2 47. ECU3 ECU2 RBIO 3,0 48. ECU2 ECU1 RBIO 3,1 49. ECU1 SCU RBIO 3,2 50. SCU System RBIO 3,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its right. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 has been attached is open. Since this door is not authorized to open, the system logs the event and souds the alarm. 51. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 NBIO 1 52. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 ARE YOU THERE? 53. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 YES 54. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 55. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 YES 56. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 NBIO 2 57. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 ARE YOU THERE? 58. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 YES 59. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 60. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 YES 61. DCU3.1 ECU3 NBIO 3 62. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,0 63. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,1 64. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,2 65. SCU System NBIO 4,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 66. ECU3 ECU2 ENDP 1 67. ECU2 DCU2.1 POLL 68. DCU2.1 DCU2.2 POLL 69. DCU2.2 DCU2.3 POLL (Transmission fails) 70. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 71. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 YES 72. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 ARE YOU THERE? 73. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 YES 74. DCU2.2 DCU2.1 NBIO 0 75. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 76. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 YES 77. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 ARE YOU THERE? 78. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 YES 79. DCU2.1 ECU2 NBIO 1 80. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 2,0 81. ECU1 SCU NBIO 2,1 82. SCU System NBIO 2,1; The system interprets this to mean that DCU2.2 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 has been attached is open. Since this door is not authorized to open the system logs the event and sounds that alarm. 83. ECU2 ECU1 ENDP 2 84. ECU1 DCU1.1 POLL 85. DCU1.1 DCU1.2 POLL 86. DCU1.2 DCU1.3 POLL 87. DCU1.3 DCU1.4 POLL 88. DCU1.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 89. DCU1.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? 90. DCU2.4 DCU1.4 YES 91. DCU1.4 DCU1.3 NBIO 0 92. DCU1.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 93. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 LBIO 0 94. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 LBIO 1 95. DCU1.1 ECU1 LBIO 2 96. ECU1 SCU LBIO 3,0 97. SCU System LBIO 3,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU1.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its left. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Since this door is not authorized to open, the system logs the event and sounds the alarm. 98. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 NBIO 0 99. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 100. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 YES 101. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 NBIO 2 102. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 103. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 YES 104. DCU1.1 ECU1 NBIO 3 105. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,0 106. ECU1 SCU ENDP 3 107. SCU System ENDP 3; The system interprets this to mean that the polling of 4 columns has been completed. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. Case 4 Two Doors Open The door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open with authorization. The door to which DCU2.4 has been attached is open without authorization. SOURCE DEST. MESSAGE CONTENTS 1. System SCU POLL 2. SCU Right Link POLL (Transmission fails) 3. SCU ECU1 POLL 4 ECU1 ECU2 POLL 5. ECU2 ECU3 POLL 6. ECU3 ECU4 POLL 7. ECU4 Next ECU POLL (Transmission fails) 8. ECU4 DCU4.1 POLL 9. DCU4.1 DCU4.2 POLL 10. DCU4.2 DCU4.3 POLL 11. DCU4.3 DCU4.4 POLL 12. DCU4.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 13. DCU4.4 DCU3.4 ARE YOU THERE? 14. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 YES 15. DCU4.4 DCU4.3 NBIO 0 16. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 ARE YOU THERE? 17. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 YES 18. DCU4.3 DCU4.2 NBIO 1 19. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 20. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 YES 21. DCU4.2 DCU4.1 NBIO 2 22. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 23. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 YES 24. DCU4.1 ECU4 NBIO 3 25. ECU4 ECU3 NBIO 4,0 26. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,1 27. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,2 28. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,3 29. SCU System NBIO 4,3; The system interprets this to mean that DCU4.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 30. ECU4 ECU3 ENDP 0 31. ECU3 DCU3.1 POLL 32. DCU3.1 DCU3.2 POLL 33. DCU3.2 DCU3.3 POLL 34. DCU3.3 DCU3.4 POLL 35. DCU3.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 36. DCU3.4 DCU4.4 ARE YOU THERE? 37 DCU4.4 DCU3.4 YES 38. DCU3.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 39. DCU3.4 DCU3.3 RBIO 0 40. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 RBIO 1 41. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 RBIO 2 42. DCU3.1 ECU3 RBIO 3 43. ECU3 ECU2 RBIO 4,0 44. ECU2 ECU1 RBIO 4,1 45. ECU1 SCU RBIO 4,2 46. SCU System RBIO 4,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU to its right. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.4 is attached is open. Since this door is not authorized to be open, the event is logged and the alarm is sounded. 47. DCU3.4 DCU3.3 NBIO 0 48. DCU3.3 DCU4.3 ARE YOU THERE? 49. DCU4.3 DCU3.3 YES 50. DCU3.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 51. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 RBIO 0 52. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 RBIO 1 53. DCU3.1 ECU3 RBIO 2 54. ECU3 ECU2 RBIO 3,0 55. ECU2 ECU1 RBIO 3,1 56. ECU1 SCU RBIO 3,2 57. SCU System RBIO 3,2; The system interorets this to mean that DCU3.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its right. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Because this door is authorized to open, the system logs the event but does not sound the alarm. 58. DCU3.3 DCU3.2 NBIO 1 59. DCU3.2 DCU4.2 ARE YOU THERE? 60. DCU4.2 DCU3.2 YES 61. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 62. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 YES 63. DCU3.2 DCU3.1 NBIO 2 64. DCU3.1 DCU4.1 ARE YOU THERE? 65. DCU4.1 DCU3.1 YES 66. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 67. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 YES 68. DCU3.1 ECU3 NBIO 3 69. ECU3 ECU2 NBIO 4,0 70. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 4,1 71. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,2 72. SCU System NBIO 4,2; The system interprets this to mean that DCU3.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 73. ECU3 ECU2 ENDP 1 74. ECU2 DCU2.1 POLL 75. DCU2.1 DCU2.2 POLL 76. DCU2.2 DCU2.3 POLL (Transmission fails) 77. DCU2.2 DCU3.2 ARE YOU THERE? 78. DCU3.2 DCU2.2 YES 79. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 ARE YOU THERE? 80. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 YES 81. DCU2.2 DCU2.1 NBIO 0 82. DCU2.1 DCU3.1 ARE YOU THERE? 83. DCU3.1 DCU2.1 YES 84. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 ARE YOU THERE? 85. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 YES 86. DCU2.1 ECU2 NBIO 1 87. ECU2 ECU1 NBIO 2,0 88. ECU1 SCU NBIO 2,1 89. SCU System NBIO 2,1; The system interprets this to mean that DCU2.2 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Since this door is authorized to be open, the system logs the event but does not sound the alarm. 90. ECU2 ECU2 ENDP 91. ECU1 DCU1.1 POLL 92. DCU1.1 DCU1.2 POLL 93. DCU1.2 DCU1.3 POLL 94. DCU1.3 DCU1.4 POLL 95. DCU1.4 Next DCU POLL (Transmission fails) 96. DCU1.4 DCU2.4 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 97. DCU1.4 DCU1.3 LBIO 0 98. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 LBIO 1 99. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 LBIO 2 100. DCU1.1 ECU1 LBIO 3 101. ECU1 SCU LBIO 4.0 102. SCU System LBIO 4,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU1.4 could not communicate with the DCU to its right. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.4 is attached is open. Since this door is not authorized to be open, the event is logged and the alarm is sounded. 103. DCU1.4 DCU1.3 NBIO 0 104. DCU1.3 DCU2.3 ARE YOU THERE? (Transmission fails) 105. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 LBIO 0 106. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 LBIO 1 107. DCU1.1 ECU1 LBIO 2 108. ECU1 SCU LBIO 3,0 109. SCU System LBIO 3,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU1.3 could not communicate with the DCU to its left. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system concludes that the door to which DCU2.3 is attached is open. Since this door is authorized to be open, the event is logged but the alarm is not sounded. 110. DCU1.3 DCU1.2 NBIO 0 111. DCU1.2 DCU2.2 ARE YOU THERE? 112. DCU2.2 DCU1.2 YES 113. DCU1.2 DCU1.1 NBIO 2 114. DCU1.1 DCU2.1 ARE YOU THERE? 115. DCU2.1 DCU1.1 YES 116. DCU1.1 ECU1 NBIO 3 117. ECU1 SCU NBIO 4,0 118. SCU System NBIO 3,0; The system interprets this to mean that DCU1.4 could not communicate with the DCU above it. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm. 119. ECU1 SCU ENDP 3 120. SCU System ENDP 3; The system interprets this to mean that the polling of 4 columns has been completed. Knowing that the current topology is a 4 by 4 matrix, the system does not sound the alarm.

Claims: A system for monitoring a multiplicity of doors comprising: at least one optical transceiver (40) mounted on each of the multiplicity of doors; and communication apparatus (28) for communicating with said at least one optical transceiver mounted on each of the multiplicity of doors thereby to verify their position, characterized in that said communication apparatus is operative to communicate with the at least one optical transceiver on each of said multiplicity of doors via plural alternative serial communications pathways and in that at least one of said plural pathways extends via optical transceivers mounted on a plurality of different doors. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said at least one transceiver comprises, for at least some of said multiplicuty of doors, a plurality of optical transmitters and receivers operative in a plurality of different directions. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said at least one transceiver on each of said plurality of doors is autonomously powered. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said at least one transceiver comprises at least one light emitting diode and light sensor. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said at least one transceiver comprises a microprocessor. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said at least one transceiver is operative to provide an indication of an open door or inoperative transceiver downstream thereof in a communications chain. A system according to claim I and wherein said communications apparatus comprises a personal computer. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said communications apparatus communicates with said transceivers via at least two communications interfaces. A system according to claim 1 and wherein said plurality of doors are doors of a bank of safe deposit boxes. A system according to claim 1 and also comprising apparatus for logging door openings and inoperative transceivers on a time based log.

Inventors: DERSHOWITZ ZVI, TALMOM GAD, DERSHOWITZ, ZVI, TALMOM, GAD
Applicants: BANKOM SECURITY SYSTEMS LTD, BANKOM SECURITY SYSTEMS LTD.
Application year: 1995
Main classification: G07F17
IPC codes: E05G1, G07F17