Cleaning apparatus having contamination seal

Abstract: An apparatus (92) for cleaning an imaging surface (10) that includes a pivotable contamination seal (70), a rotatable disturber brush (50), and retractable cleaner blade (30) therein. The contamination seal captures falling accumulated toner from the edge of the blade (30) and the brush, due to gravitation, which otherwise would contaminate the imaging surface when the cleaner blade and disturber brush are retracted from the imaging surface. The contamination seal rests along the length of the blade portion that extends from the blade holder (60). In this position, the contamination seal does not touch the imaging surface to cause scratches nor does it interfere with the blade's ability to clean the imaging surface. Pivoting the contamination seal about a pivot point (71) at one end rotates the contamination seal into contact with the imaging surface to contain toner emission within the apparatus from the blade edge and brush.

Description: This invention relates generally to a cleaner apparatus having a contamination seal. It is well known that a single blade hybrid cleaner for xerographic devices such as copiers and printers consists of a rotatable disturber brush and a doctor cleaning blade. Due to the unique cleaner configuration, as the brush and blade clean the imaging surface (e.g. photoreceptor or photoconductor), toner removed from the imaging surface accumulates at the vicinity of the cleaning edge of the blade and the nip formed between the imaging surface and the brush. As a result, toner contamination of the xerographic area occurs when the cleaning edge of the blade is retracted from the imaging surface, especially when the imaging surface has a vertical orientation. The toner that has accumulated at the blade edge and brush nip, falls down the imaging surface length during retraction, contaminating charge devices, erase lamps, sensors and other xerographic devices. The toner contamination results in copy quality defects and decreased operating efficiency of various xerographic components. In order to achieve engineering reliability, service and customer satisfaction goals such toner contamination problems have to be eliminated. US-A-4,910,560 to Kanada describes a cleaning device provided with a blade adapted to contact the peripheral surface of a photosensitive drum and wipe residual toner off of the photosensitive drum. A duct is disposed separately from the blade, and is adapted to remove the toner wiped off by the blade by air suction. In the interval between the blade and the duct, there is disposed a sealing member which serves to prevent ambient air from entering the duct through the interval. This sealing member is fixed either on a stationary region of a holder for the blade or on the basal end part of the blade integrated with the holder or on the outer surface of the duct, and contacts the duct if mounted on the holder or the blade, or contacts the blade or holder if mounted on the duct. US-A-4,640,608 to Higaya et al. describes a cleaning method which includes the cleaning blade being brought into pressure contact with the photoreceptor at least prior to the movement of the photoconductor, and moving the cleaning blade away from the surface of the photoconductor after the movement of the photoconductor is stopped with completion of the copying process. A stationary seal member allows uncleaned toner on the drum to pass therethrough but does not permit the toner removed by the cleaning blade to pass therethrough. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for cleaning particles from a movable surface, comprising: means for removing particles from the surface, said removing means moving between an operative position contacting the surface to remove particles therefrom and an inoperative position spaced from the surface, characterised in that the apparatus has a seal means, movable from a position spaced from the surface to a position in contact therewith in response to said removing means being moved from the operative position to the inoperative position, so that particles released from said removing means are captured as said removing means moves from the operative position to the inoperative position. In another aspect of the invention, the means for removing particles from a movable surface comprises a rotatable disturber brush and a cleaning blade which is pivotally mounted for positioning in contact with the movable surface, out of contact with the movable surface, and into contact with the brush for cleaning thereby. In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing toner contamination of an imaging surface of a printing machine by a cleaning apparatus having a pivotable cleaning blade and a rotatable disturber brush, comprising the steps of: urging a contamination seal into contact with the imaging surface, when the cleaning blade is to be removed from contact with the imaging surface; moving the blade away from contact with the imaging surface, causing the toner to fall away from the blade toward a waste container; moving the brush from contact with the imaging surface, causing the toner to fall away from the brush toward the waste container; and capturing and directing loose toner falling from the blade and the brush into the waste container by the contamination seal. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the method of preventing toner contamination of an imaging surface further comprises the steps of: moving the contamination seal away from contact with the imaging surface, returning the cleaning blade into contact with the imaging surface, and restarting the printing machine. In another embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: removing and replacing the cleaning blade and rotatable brush while they are spaced from the imaging surface with the contamination seal either still in contact with the imaging surface or slightly spaced therefrom. The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a prior art, partial elevational view of a hybrid cleaner including a blade cleaner and a disturber brush; Figure 2 shows the accumulation of toner at the cleaning edge of the blade and brush nip that occurs in the prior art configuration of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows that during retraction of the cleaner, the accumulated toner, shown in prior art of Figure 2, falls down the length of the photoreceptor; Figure 4 shows an elevational view of the present invention of a seal in a hybrid cleaner; Figure 5 shows a partial elevational view of the cleaner with the seal in contact with the photoreceptor; Figure 6 shows a partial elevational view of the cleaner with the blade retracted from contact with the photoreceptor and the seal in contact with the photoreceptor; Figure 7 shows retraction of the cleaner to move both the brush and seal from contact with the photoreceptor; and Figure 8 shows the return of the blade, brush and seal to their original cleaner positions. Figure 1 shows a prior art, partial elevational view of a hybrid cleaner. The hybrid cleaner 92 includes a disturber brush 50 and a cleaning blade 30 that contact the photoreceptor 10. This hybrid cleaner 92 is partially enclosed in a housing 90. The disturber brush 50 is located upstream from the cleaning blade 30, relative to the direction of motion of the photoreceptor belt 10, as shown by arrow 12. The disturber brush 50 mechanically cleans and loosens toner 40 from the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10. The cleaning blade 30 is the primary cleaner and removes the toner and other debris particles loosened and/or left behind by the disturber brush 50 from the photoreceptor 10. The cleaning blade 30 is attached to a blade holder 60 on the blade edge not in contact with the photoreceptor 10. The cleaning blade 30 is shown in the doctoring mode. The disturber brush 50 rotates in a clockwise direction shown by arrow 51. Figure 2 shows the build up of toner 40 at the brush nip and the blade cleaning edge in the prior art cleaner of Figure 1. This build up of toner occurs because of the cleaner configuration. Especially when the cleaner 92 is in either a three o'clock or nine o'clock cleaning position, the toner 40 can easily build up on the "shelf" created by the edge of the blade 30, in the doctoring mode, and the brush nip. This "shelf" occurs at the blade edge that is in contact with the photoreceptor 10 and adjacent to the disturber brush 50. As the brush 50 and blade 30 clean the imaging surface 10, toner 40 removed from the imaging surface 10 accumulates at the cleaning edge of the blade 30 and the brush nip. In Figure 2, the rotation of the disturber brush 50 is stopped prior to retraction of the cleaner unit 92 from the photoreceptor 10. The rotation of the brush 50 does not resume until the cleaning unit 92 is back in it's original position and the xerographic machine is back in operation. During retraction of the cleaner blade 30 and the disturber brush 50 of the prior cleaning unit 92, the accumulated toner 40 at the blade edge, as shown in Figure 3, falls down the length of the vertically oriented photoreceptor 10 . Toner contamination of the xerographic area results when the cleaning edge of the blade 30 is retracted from the imaging surface 10. The toner 40 that has accumulated at the blade edge falls down the imaging surface 10 length during retraction contaminating charge devices, erase lamps, sensors and other xerographic devices. The toner contamination results in copy quality defects and decreased operating efficiency of various xerographic components. In Figure 4, an elevational view of a hybrid cleaner of the present invention is shown having a contamination seal 70. The purpose of the present invention, specifically in the 3 o'clock (shown in Figure 4) and 9 o'clock cleaning position relative to a vertically oriented belt photoreceptor, is to eliminate the toner contamination problem in the xerographic area. (The 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock cleaner positions provide the gravitational force needed to attract and guide the particles falling from the blade 30 and brush 50 toward a waste container 80.) The contamination seal 70 prevents the contamination of the xerographic area and components, allowing for a much cleaner copier or printer. The contamination seal 70 prevents copy quality defects related to toner emissions in the xerographic area and improves the operating efficiency, reliability and life of various xerographic components such as charge devices, erase lamps and sensors. The contamination seal enables the achievement of reliability, service and achieves the technical effect of the containment of toner emission within the cleaner which accumulates at the blade edge and brush nip. The contamination seal 70 is in the cleaner apparatus 92 to capture accumulated toner 40 at the blade edge and in the brush nip. The contamination seal 70 is positionable allowing the seal to move into contact with the photoreceptor 10 (see Figures 5 and 6) and out of contact with the photoreceptor 10 (see Figures 7 and 8). The contamination seal 70 can be made from materials such as: polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester thermoplastics (e.g. Mylar) or any other material with low resistance to set. The seal 70 is stiff enough to prevent toner from escaping pass the seal, when the seal is in contact with the photoreceptor. With continued reference to Figure 4, there are three pivot points in the present invention which allow movement of the seal 70, the cleaning blade 30, and the brush 50 and cleaning unit 92, in concert or independently, into and out of contact with the photoreceptor 10. The seal 70 is mounted pivotally in the cleaner apparatus 92 about a pivot point 71 and below the cleaning blade 30. The cleaning blade 30 is mounted to a blade holder 60, which is mounted pivotally about a pivot point 31 in the cleaner unit 92. The disturber brush 50 moves in concert with the cleaning unit 92 about a pivot point 91. The seal 70 in it's original (i.e. home) position prevents toner 40 from falling onto the photoreceptor 10 during cleaning. The seal 70 prevents particles from dropping between the cleaning blade holder 60 and the waste toner bottle 80 onto the photoreceptor 10, as gravity pulls the falling toner particles 40 into the waste toner bottle 80. The flap seals 81, 82 or similar devices assist in guiding toner particles 40 and other debris into the waste toner bottle 80. These flap seals 81, 82 avoid toner contamination between the cleaner housing 90 and the waste bottle 80 and on the photoreceptor 10, respectively. In the present invention, the technical service representative pulls out a xerographic drawer (not shown) from the printer machine (not shown) after the machine has been shut off. The printer machine is shut off when it is necessary to retract the cleaner blade 30 for photoreceptor 10 removal, service calls, preventive maintenance (i.e. PM) or the trouble shooting of other subsystems. When this drawer is open, a handle or a similar mechanism for rotation is exposed that allows the technical service representative to cam the seal 70, about pivot 71, into contact with the photoreceptor 10 from it's original position (see Figure 4) to the position of contact with the photoreceptor 10, shown in Figure 5. The movement of the seal 70, shown by arrow 33, into contact with the photoreceptor 10 occurs after the printing machine has ceased operation and the brush 50 has stopped rotating. Positioning of the contamination seal 70 on the imaging surface 10 insures the capture of residual toner 40 during blade 30 retraction. Any number of mechanical devices may be used to cam and retract the contamination seal 70 (and/or the cleaning blade 30 and/or the brush 50 and the cleaner unit 92) to and from the imaging surface 10. [The handle/mechanism described above also cams in and retracts out the cleaning blade 30 and the brush 50 and cleaner unit 92 as it is rotated.] The technical service representative continues rotation of the mechanism to move the blade 30, about pivot 31, away from the surface of the photoreceptor 10 as shown in Figure 6. The movement of the retracting blade 30 from the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10 is shown by arrow 32. As the blade 30 retracts from the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10, the accumulated toner particles 40 at the blade edge and brush nip fall away from the blade edge and brush nip toward the waste container. The contamination seal 70, still in contact with the imaging surface, captures the falling toner and other residual particles that fall toward and onto the photoreceptor 10 and directs these particles to the waste container. The subsequent retraction of the brush 50 and cleaner unit 92 about pivot 91 (see Figure 7) from the photoreceptor 10, while the contamination seal 70 is still in contact with the photoreceptor 10 is not shown. However, the seal 70 operates in the same manner as described above regarding toner falling from the blade edge, when accumulated toner 40 falls from the brush nip as it is moved away from the photoreceptor surface. The seal 70 insures the capture of loose particles 40 and guides the particles 40 to the waste container to prevent contamination of the imaging surface. Continued rotation of the camming mechanism, retracts the seal 70, the cleaner blade 30, and the brush 50 and cleaner unit 92 as shown in Figure 7, further away from the photoreceptor 10. The entire cleaner unit 92 is retracted away from the photoreceptor 10 in the direction shown by arrow 93 about pivot 91. The movement of the cleaner unit 92, retracts the seal 70 away from contact with the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10 to a prescribed position. The contamination seal 70 is moved away from contact with the surface of the photoreceptor, to assist in the flow and direction of the particles along the seal length to the waste container 80. The seal 70 is also moved away from contact with the photoreceptor 10 when removal and replacement of the photoreceptor 10 is necessary. The further retraction of the cleaning blade 30 away from the photoreceptor 10, as shown in phantom lines in Figure 7, wipes the blade 30 against the brush fibers cleaning the blade edge of toner and other residual particles 40 that did not readily fall from the retracting blade edge due to gravitational force. The further retraction of the cleaner unit 92 also allows easy removal and replacement of the blade 30 and brush 50 when necessary. (The seal can be replaced at the time of blade replacement or when the CRU (customer replacement unit) housing is replaced for remanufacture.) Completion of the cam rotation cycle returns the seal 70, blade 30 and brush 50 and cleaner unit 92 to their original positions, (after all necessary service and preventive maintenance activities have been completed), as shown by Figure 8. The cleaning blade 30 and the brush 50 return to contact with the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10. The seal 70 is located below the cleaning blade 30, away from contact with the imaging surface of the photoreceptor 10. Any residual toner 40 captured by the contamination seal 70 is urged toward the waste container 80 as the contamination seal 70 is returned to it's home position. The printer machine is now ready for operation again.

Claims: An apparatus (92) for cleaning particles (40) from a movable surface (10), comprising: means (30,50) for removing particles (40) from the surface (10), said removing means moving between an operative position contacting the surface to remove particles therefrom and an inoperative position spaced from the surface, characterised in that: the apparatus has a seal means (70), movable from a position spaced from the surface to a position in contact therewith in response to said removing means (30,50) being moved from the operative position to the inoperative position, so that particles released from said removing means are captured as said removing means moves from the operative position to the inoperative position. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said removing means is removable for replacement; and wherein the movable surface is vertically oriented. The apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2, further comprising a waste container (80) adapted to receive particles. The apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said removing means for the surface, comprises: a cleaning blade (30) for cleaning the surface; and a rotatable brush (50) for disturbing the surface, located upstream from the cleaning means in a direction of motion (12) of the surface. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said seal means comprises a pivotal seal (70). The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said seal comprises a flexible sheet chosen from the group of materials consisting of polyester thermoplastics, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyethylene, and polypropylene; and wherein said blade has a free blade end that is movable between the operative position at a first blade position and the inoperative position at a second blade position, and wherein the free blade end is cleaned by the rotatable brush at a third blade position, as said free blade end moves from the second blade position to the third blade position. The apparatus as claimed in claims 3 to 6, wherein the particles are captured by said seal and directed therealong into said waste container. A method of preventing toner (40) contamination of an imaging surface (10) of a printing machine by a cleaning apparatus (92) having a pivotable cleaning blade (30) and a rotatable disturber brush (50), comprising the steps of: urging a contamination seal (70) into contact with the imaging surface, when the cleaning blade is to be removed from contact with the imaging surface; moving the blade (30) away from contact with the imaging surface, causing the toner to fall away from the blade toward a waste container (80); moving the brush (50) from contact with the imaging surface, causing the toner to fall away from the brush toward the waste container; and capturing and directing loose toner falling from the blade and the brush into the waste container by the contamination seal. The method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising the steps of: stopping the printing machine prior to moving the blade and brush from contact with the imaging surface; and removing toner from the blade by wiping a free edge against the brush as the blade moves away from the imaging surface, past the brush, with toner falling on the seal.

Inventors: BAXENDELL DOUGLAS J, OWENS JR ALVIN, BAXENDELL, DOUGLAS J., OWENS JR.,ALVIN
Applicants: XEROX CORP, XEROX CORPORATION
Application year: 1995
Main classification: G03G21
IPC codes: G03G21