4-CARBAMOYLOXY-PIPERIDINE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS: INHIBITORS OF CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION

Abstract: Compounds which inhibit the enzyme cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) thus inhibit the formation of esterified cholesterol. Esterified cholesterol is absorbed through the intestine and inhibition of the enzyme therefore results in inhibition of cholesterol absorption. The compounds of this invention inhibit cholesterol ester hydrolase and have formula (I), wherein Z is -Ar<1>, -Ar<1>-Ar<2>, -Ar<1>-O-Ar<2>, -Ar<1>-S-Ar<2>, (a), (b), (c), -Ar<1>-(CH2)1-20-Ar<2>, -Ar<1>-(CH2)1-20-O-Ar<2>, -Ar<1>-O-(CH2)1-20-Ar<2>, -Ar<1>-(CR<6>=CR<6>)1-3-Ar<2> or -Ar<1>-NR<7>-Ar<2>; and A is a hydrocarbon linking group which may be interrupted by a heteroatom or a cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycloalkyl, or an azacycloalkyl group; and R<4> and R<5> are independently alkyl, alkenyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl or H or R<4> and R<5> together with the interposed nitrogen form a saturated heterocyclic ring.

Description: 4-CARBAMOYLOXY-PIPERIDINE-l-CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS: INHIBITORS OF CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION Field of the Invention The enzymes cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) and acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) have been implicated in the reesterification and absorption of exogenous cholesterol. It has been demonstrated that removal of CEH from pancreatic juice results in an 80% reduction in the uptake of cholesterol into the bloodstream in rats [Hoisie, J. Biol. Chem. 262. 260-264 (1987).] The association between high serum cholesterol levels and coronary vascular disease is well documented; consequently compounds of this invention may be useful for treating atherosclerosis, familial hjφεrcholεstεrolemia, hyperlipidemia, and like diseases. Background of the Invention Hosie et al., J. Biological Chem. 262. 260 (1987), discusses the irreversible inhibition of cholesterol esterases by p-nitrophenyl N-alkyl carbamates and the reversible inhibition of cholesterol esterase by cholesterol-N-alkyl carbamates. In our commonly owned U. S. Patent 5, 169,844, novel carbamyl esters of l-[(4- phenoxyphenoxy)carbonyl]-4-piperidinol are disclosed which are cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Summary of the Invention This invention relates to a series of novel compounds which inhibit cholesterol absorption and have the general formula I below wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; O II Z is -Ar 1 , -A1---A1 2 , -Ar 1 -O-Ar 2 ,-Ar 1 -S-Ar 2 , -Ar--Q - C- Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1 . 20 -O-Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -O-(CH 2 ) 1 . 20 -Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CR 6 =CR 6 )ι_3-Ar 2 or-Ar 1 -NR 7 -Ar 2 where R 6 is hydrogen or C1-C8 alkyl and R 7 is hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-C- alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 are indεpendently selected from phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, dibεnzofuranyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiεnyl, bεnzothienyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, bεnzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, indenyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzotriazolyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, or fluorenyl, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 , independently, are optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C 2 o alkyl)-, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C20-alkyl)-O-, trifluoromethyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, mono or di C1-C20 alkylaminocarbonyl, tetrazolyl, -OH, -(CH2)i-6-OH, -SH, -NH 2 or -(CH 2 )i_6-NR 8 R 9 where R 8 is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl and R 9 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl or R 8 and R 9 together with the interposed nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring of the formula: - where q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Ci-Cs alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 1 1 - where R 1 1 is H, C1-C20 alkyl or benzyl or -CR 12 R 13 - where R 12 is H, OH, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, Ar 1 or -(CH 2 )i_io-Ar 1 , R13 i s H, C1-C20 alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 together with the intεrposed carbon forms a 3 to 8 membered carbocyclic ring; A is a bridging group selected from: a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbons and which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and/or acεtylεnic unsaturation; a group of the formula: -(CH 2 )m-W-(CH2) π - where m and n are 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group selεctεd from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - where R 14 is hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; a group of the formula: — f(GH 2 b -]-Y-- (CH 2 ) c J- L J o-i L Jo-i wherε b and c arc 1 to 20, b+c is 1 to 20 and Y is selected from the group consisting of: J whεrε R 15 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; or A together with R 1 and the interposεd nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: where s is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, t is 0 to 15, and R 16 and R 17 are, independεntly, hydrogεn, C1-C8 alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Cj-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH )o-6-NR 18 R 19 where R 18 is Cι-C 8 alkyl, Ci-Cδ alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; J R 1 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, phenyl-(CH2)i-6- where phenyl is optionally substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl group, or is combined with A to form a hetεrocyclic ring as described above; R 2 and R 3 are independεntly Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Cj-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH2)o__6-NR 18 R 19 wherε R 18 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 4 and R 5 arε indεpendently hydrogen, C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C 2 0 alkenyl, C3-C 1 0 cycloalkyl, — CH 2 )πδ C 3 . 1 ocycloalkyl),-t CH 2 ) 1 . 2 o Ar 1 , or-f CH^^NR 2 ^ 21 wherε R 20 is C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 2 0 alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl; and R 21 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, wherein Ar 1 is as definεd above, or R 4 and R 5 together with the interposed nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: whεrε r, q, u, R 10 and X arε as dεfinεd above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In the preceding group of compounds, the preferred values for Z are: Z is -Ar 1 , -AT--A- 2 , -A^-O-Ar 2 -Ar'-S-Ar 2 , -A^-O-C-Ar 2 , O o -AT--C-O-A1 2 , -Aτ ' -€-A- 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 )πδ-Ar 2 , J -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) ^-O-Ar 2 , _Ar 1 -O-(CH 2 ) 1 — Ar 2 , where R 6 is H or Ci-Cs alkyl, or -A^-NR ' -'-Ar 2 wherε R 7 is hydrogεn, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl and Ar 1 and Ar 2 arε sεlεcted from phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, bεnzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, pyridinyl, thienyl, bεnzothiεnyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, bεnzisoxazolyl, indεnyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, carbazolyl, bεnzimidazolyl or fluorεnyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, C]-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, C2-C8 alkenyl, trifluoromethyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, Cι-C 8 alkylcarbonyloxy, -NH 2 , -(CH 2 )i-6-NR 8 R 9 where R 8 is Cι-C 8 alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, and R 9 is hydrogen or Ci-Cg alkyl. The prεferred values for the bridging group A in the generic description of the compounds of this invention arε: a saturatεd or unsaturatεd, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and/or acεtylεnic unsaturation; a group of thε formula: -(CH 2 ) m -W-(CH 2 ) n - whεrε m and n arε 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group sεlεcted from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - where R 14 is hydrogen, Ci-Cg alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, -Cs alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl; a group of the formula: wherε b and c are 1 to 20, b+c is 1 to 20, and Y is selεctεd from thε group consisting of: J or A togεthεr with R 1 and thε intεrposεd nitrogεn form a hεterocyclic moiety of the formula: whεrε s is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and t is 0 to 15. In addition, thε prεfεrrεd values for R 4 and R 5 are, independently, hydrogen, C3-C2 0 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, -(CH2)ι.ιo-(C 3 -Cιo cycloalkyl), -(CH 2 )i-ioAr 1 , -(CH 2 )i-io-NR 2θ R 21 wherε R 2 0 is Cι-C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkεnyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, -Cs alkoxycarbonyl or bεnzyl, and R 21 is hydrogεn or Ci-Cs alkyl, or R 4 and R 5 togεther with the interposεd nitrogεn forms a hεterocyclic moiety of the formula: whεrε q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Cj-Cs alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 11 - whεrε R 11 is hydrogεn, -Cs alkyl or benzyl or X is CR 12 R 13 where R 12 is hydrogen, hydroxy, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, and R 13 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 togethεr with the intεrposεd carbon forms a 3 to 8 mεmbεrεd carbocyclic ring. The more prefεrred compounds according to Formula I are those where: Z is -Ar i -O-Ar 2 , R 1 is H, -Cs alkyl, or phenyl-(CH )i- 6 -; A is a C 1 -C20 alkylenε group, R 2 and R 3 arε H, p is 2 and R 4 is C 3 -C 2 0 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, -(CH 2 )i-io-Ar 1 where Ar 1 is phenyl and R 5 is H or R 4 and R 5 togethεr with the interposed nitrogen forms a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: J wherε r and q arε 1 and X is CH 2 or CR 12 R 13 whεrε R 12 and R 13 togεther with the interposεd carbon forms a 3-8 membered ring. Thε most prεfεrrεd compounds of Formula I arε those wherε Z is 4- phεnoxyphεnyl, R 1 is H, A is hεxyl, p is 2, R 2 and R 3 are H, R 4 is hexyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, or phenylbutyl and R 5 is H or R 4 and R 5 togεther with thε intεrposεd nitrogen forms piperidinε or 8-azaspiro[5.4]decane. In thε abovε dεscription of thε novεl compounds of this invention, the term "alkyl", usεd alonε or in conjunction with a linking group or functional group such as carbonyl, carbonyloxy, or amino, εncompassεs branched as well as straight chain hydrocarbons having thε numbεr of carbon atoms specified; and the term "alkεnyl" includes branched and straight chain alkenes having from 1 to 3 double bonds. The term "alkoxy", used alone or in conjunction with a linking group or functional group such as carbonyl or carbamoyl, refεrs to the alkyl-O- moiety where alkyl is as definεd abovε. Thε tεrm "cycloalkoxy" rεfεrs to a -O-cycloalkyl group whεrεin the cycloalkyl portion of the group has the specified number of carbon atoms. The number and position of substituents on an Ar 1 or Ar 2 group is govεrned by the size of the substituent and availability, either commercially or prepared by standard literature procedures and such limitations would be recognizεd by onε skillεd in thε art of organic synthesis. In genεral, 1 to 3 substituεnts would be allowable with the exception of fluorine or chlorine wherε up to 5 fluorinεs or chlorinεs may bε prεsεnt as when the starting matεrial for Z is pεntafluorophεnol. The term "pharmacεutically accεptable salts" encompasses acid addition salts that may bε formεd from a basic invention compound and a pharmaceutically accεptablε inorganic or organic acid such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic, maleic, fumaric, succinic, citric, tartaric, methanesulfonic acids and thε likε; a basic salt formεd from an acidic invention compound and a pharmaceutically acceptablε mεtal cation such as sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium, the ammonium salt or an aminε salt such as thε triethylamine salt, or a quartεrnary salt formed from a basic invention compound and a pharmaceutically acceptablε alkyl or aralkyl halide such as mεthylbromidε or bεnzylbromidε. Thε compounds of this invention may be recovered in the form of a solvate or hydrate. It is understood that the name of the compound itself encompassεs thεsε simplε solvatεs and hydratεs. Detailed Description of the Invention Thε compounds of this invention may be conveniently prepared by the synthetic reactions shown in Schemε I. For purposεs of illustration, thε synthεses of the compounds of the specific examplεs which follow is shown. Other compounds having different selεctions of thε variablεs Z, R 1 , A, R 2 , R 3 , p, R 4 and R 5 may bε prepared by appropriate substitution of an intermediatε or reagent eithεr commεrcially available or synthesizεd according to standard literature procedures. Still other methods of preparation of Formula I compounds may be apparent to those skilled in thε art. Scheme I pyridine, CH 2 C1 2 o υ ι O O& Thε following spεcific εxamplεs arε included for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit this disclosure in any way. Example 1 Carbonic Acid (4-nitrophenyl)ester (4-phenoxy-phenyI)ester A solution of 4-phenoxyphεnol (50 g, 0.27 mol) and pyridine (22 mL, 0.27 mol) in 500 mL of methylεnε chloridε was addεd undεr nitrogen dropwisε ovεr 1.5 hours to a solution of 4-nitrophεnyl chloroformate (54 g, 0.27 mol) at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was stirred ovεrnight at room tεmperature. The reaction was extracted two times with IN HC1, multiple times with saturated N 2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removεd undεr rεducεd prεssure to give 94.86 g of a light yellow crystalline solid. Recrystallization from methylεnε chloridε- diisopropyl ether gave 69.13 g (73%) of the title compound as a light tan crystalline solid, mp 113-115°C. Elemεntal analysis for C19H13NO6 Calc'd: C, 64.96; H, 3.73; N, 3.99 Found: C, 64.63; H, 3.89; N, 3.93 Example 2 (6-Hydroxy-hexy_)carbamic acid 4-phenoxy-phenyl ester A solution of thε carbonate prepared in Examplε 1 (10.0 g, 28.4 mmol) in 75 mL of mεthylεnε chloridε was addεd undεr nitrogεn dropwisε to a solution of 6-amino-l-hεxanol (3.34 g, 28.4 mmol) and triεthylaminε (19.8 mL, 142 mmol) in 100 mL of methylenε chloridε at icε-bath tεmpεrature. Thε reaction was stirred at ice bath temperature for approximately eight hours and at room tεmpεrature overnight. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HC1, multiplε timεs with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and thε solvεnt rεmovεd under reduced pressure to give 8.1 g of a solid. Recrystallization of the solid from diisopropyl ethεr gave 6.55 g (70%) of the title compound as a white crystalline solid, mp 72-75°C. Elemental analysis for C 1 9H23NO4 Cak d: C, 69.28; H, 7.04; N, 4.25 Found: C, 69.20; H, 7.12; N, 4.14 Example 3 6-(4-Nitro-phenoxycarbonyloxy)-hexylcarbamic acid 4-phenoxy-phenyl ester A solution of the alcohol prepared in the previous step (5.67 g, 17.2 mmol) and pyridine (1.39 mL, 17.2 mmol) in 75 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of 4-nitrophεnyl chloroformatε (3.47 g, 17.2 mmol) in 50 mL of mεthylene chloride at ice bath temperature. After thε addition the cooling bath was removεd and thε rεaction stirred overnight at room tempεrature. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HC1, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removεd undεr reduced pressure to give 10.01 g of a light yellow crystalline solid. Recrystallization of the solid one time from methylεne chloride - diisopropyl ether and two times from methylene chloride gave 5.17 g (61%) of the title compound as an off-white crystalline solid, mp 102-104°C. Elemεntal analysis for C26H26N2O8 Calc'd: C, 63.15; H, 5.30; N, 5.67 Found: C, 62.80; H, 5.22; N, 5.91 Example 4 4-Hydroxy-piperidine-l-carboxyIic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl ester A solution of 4-hydroxypiperidine (2.21 g, 21.8 mmol) and triethylamine (17.5 mL, 91 mmol) in 100 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of the carbonate prepared in Example 3 (9.0 g, 18.2 mmol) in 100 mL of methylene chloride at room tεmpεraturε. Aftεr thε addition the reaction was stirred overnight at room tempεrature. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HC1, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 13.16 g of a yelh_>w oil. Purification of the oil on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using hεxanε-εthyl acetate as the eluent gave 5.87 g (71%) of the title compound as a white waxy solid, mp 48-55°C. Elemεntal analysis for C25H32N2O.5 Calc'd: C, 65.77; H, 7.06; N, 6.13 Found: C, 65.41; H, 7.14; N, 5.98 Example 5 4-(4-Nitro-phenoxycarbonyloxy)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy- phenyl)-oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl ester A solution of thε alcohol prepared in Example 4 (5.87 g, 12.9 mmol) and pyridine (1.0 mL, 12.9 mmol) in 50 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate (2.60 g, 12.9 mmol) in 50 mL of methylene chloride at room tempεrature. The reaction was stirred at room tempεrature for approximately 48 hours. An additional 2.6 g (12.9 mmol) of 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate was addεd and the mixture refluxed for approximately 24 hours. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HC1, multiplε timεs with saturated Na2CO3, driεd (MgSO. ) and thε solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 6.82 g of a yellow oil. Purification of the oil on silica gel (230-400 mεsh) using mixtures of ethyl acetatε- methylenε chloridε as thε εluent and then recrystallization from diisopropyl εthεr of thε matεrial isolated gave 1.84 g (22%) of the title compound as a crystalline solid, mp 93- 94°C. Elemental analysis for C32H35N3O10 Calc'd: C, 61.83; H, 5.68; N, 6.76 Found: C, 62.08; H, 5.60; N, 6.76 Example 6 4-(Hexylcarbamoyloxy)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyI)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl ester A solution of hexylaminε (510 μL, 3.86 mmol) and triethylamine (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of the carbonate prepared in Example 5 (2.0 g, 3.22 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride at ice bath tεmpεraturε. Aftεr thε addition thε cooling bath was rεmovεd and thε rεaction stirred at room tempεraturε overnight. An additional 213 μL (1.61 mmol) of hεxylaminε was addεd and thε reaction stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The rεaction was extracted one time with IN HC1, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 1.79 g of a red solid. Recrystallization of the solid from diisopropyl ether gave 1.32 g (70%) of the title compound as a white crystalline solid, mp 84-86°C. Elemental analysis for C32H35N3O10 Calc'd: C, 65.84; H, 7.77; N, 7.20 Found: C, 65.93; H, 7.64; N, 7.14 Example 7 8-Aza-spiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxyIic acid l-{6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyloxycarbonyI}-piperidin-4-yI ester A solution of 8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane hydrochloridε (791 mg, 4.50 mmol) and triεthylaminε (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 20 mL of anhydrous di ethylformamide was addεd undεr nitrogεn dropwisε to a solution of thε carbonate prepared in Example 5 (2.00 g, 3.22 mmol) in 25 mL of anhydrous dimethylformamide. After the addition the reaction was stirred at room tempεrature overnight. Thε reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate, extracted one timε with IN HCl, multiplε times with saturated Na2CO3 and then water, driεd (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 1.65 g of an oil. Purification of the oil on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 20% ethyl acetate-mεthylεne chloride as the εluεnt gavε 1.01 g (52%) of the title compound as a light yellow oil, MS [M+H] + 622. Elεmental Analysis for C35H47N3O7 Calc'd: C, 67.61; H, 7.62; N, 6.76 Found: C, 66.02; H, 7.44; N, 6.48 Example 8 4-(Decylcarbamoyloxy)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl ester A solution of decylamine (772 mg, 3.86 mmol) and triεthylaminε (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 30 mL of mεthylεnε chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of the carbonate prepared in Example 5 / (2.0 g, 3.22 mmol) in 30 mL of methylεne chloride at icε bath tεmperature. After thε addition thε cooling bath was removed and the reaction stirred at room temperature for approximately 48 hours. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HCl, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to givε 1.90 g of a crystalline solid. Purification of the solid on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 10%-20% ethyl acetate - methylenε chloridε as the eluent and recrystallization from diisopropyl ether-methylene chloride of the material isolated gave 672 mg (33%) of thε titlε compound as a white crystalline solid, mp 87-91°C. Elemεntal analysis for C36H53N3O7 Calc'd: C, 67.58; H, 8.35; N, 6.57 Found: C, 67.30; H, 8.30; N, 6.39 Example 9 4-(CycIohexylcarbamoyloxy)-piperidine-l-carboxyIic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy- phenyl)-oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl ester A solution of cyclohexylamine (442 mg, 3.86 mmol) and triεthylamine (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 30 mL of methylεne chloride was added under nitrogen dropwisε to a solution of thε carbonate prepared in Example 5 (2.0 g, 3.22 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride at icε bath tεmperature. After the addition the cooling bath was removεd and thε rεaction stirred at room temperature for approximately 48 hours. The reaction mixture was εxtractεd one time with IN HCl, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (Mg SO4) and thε solvεnt removed under reduced pressure to give 1.92 g of a waxy yεllow solid. Purification of thε solid on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 20% ethyl acetate-mεthylεnε chloride as the eluεnt gavε 884 mg (47%) of the title compound as a white crystalline solid, mp 138-142°C. Elemεntal analysis for C32H43N3O7 Calc'd: C, 66.07; H, 7.45; N, 7.22 Found: C, 65.90; H, 7.58; N, 6.99 Example 10 4-(4-Phenyl-butyl-carbamoyIoxy)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy- phenyl)-oxycarbonyIamino]-hexyl ester A solution of 4-phεnylbutylaminε (610 μl, 3.86 mmol) and triethylamine (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 30 mL of methylεnε chloridε was addεd under nitrogen dropwise to a solution of the carbonate prepared in Example 5 (2.0 g, 3.22 mmol) in 30 mL of methylεnε chloridε at icε bath tεmpεrature. After the addition the cooling bath was removed and the reaction stirred at room tεmpεraturε ovεrnight. An additional 204 μl (1.29 mmol) of 4- phεnylbutylaminε and 180 μl (1.29 mmol) of triethylamine were added and the reaction stirred at room temperature for approximately 7 hours. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HCl, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, driεd (MgSO4) and thε solvεnt rεmovεd undεr reduced pressure to give 2.02 g of a crystalline solid. Purification of the solid on silica gεl (230-400 mεsh) using 5%-20% ethyl acetate-methylenε chloridε as the eluεnt gavε 1.43 g (70%) of thε title compounds as a white crystalline solid, mp 84-86°C. Elemental analysis for C3.5H45N3O7 Calc'd: C, 68.44; H, 7.18; N, 6.65 Found: C, 68.53; H, 7.19; N, 6.65 Example 11 4-(Piperidine-l-carbonyloxy)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy- phenyl)oxycarbonyIamino]-hexyl ester A solution of piperidine (382 μl, 3.86 mmol) and triethylamine (2.24 mL, 16.1 mmol) in 30 mL of methylenε chloridε was addεd undεr nitrogen dropwise to a solution of the carbonate prepared in Example 5 (2.0 g, 3.22 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride at ice bath tεmpεraturε. After the addition thε cooling bath was removed and the reaction stirred at room tempεraturε overnight. The reaction was extracted one time with IN HCl, multiple times with saturated Na2CO3, dried (MgSO_ and the solvent removεd undεr reduced pressure to give 1.85 g of an oil. Purification of the oil on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 5%-20% ethyl acetate-methylene chloride as the eluεnt gavε 1.23 g (68%) of the title compound as a white crystalline solid, mp 56-61°C. Elemental analysis for C31H41N3O7 Calc'd: C, 65.59; H, 7.28; N, 7.40 Found: C, 65.57; H, 7.28; N, 7.35 Pharmacology The in vitro and in vivo assays are given below and the biological results arε presented in Table I. In Vitro Assay: The ability of the compounds of this invention to inhibit the formation of cholesteryl estεrs and thereby interfere with and prevent assimilation of cholesterol into the lymphatic system and ultimately the blood stream was established by incubating the compounds at 37°C with a mixture of cholesterol and oleic acid in the presence of buffered cholesterol estεrasε [(EC 3.1.1.13) Sigma Company, St. Louis, Mo., U.S.A., No. C- 1892, from bovine pancreas] and measuring the amount of ester formed, according to the procedure of Fiεld, J. of Lipid Rεsεarch, 25, 389 (1984). In Vivo Assay: The in . vivo cholesterol absorption studies were conducted in normal rats by oral administration of the compound being tεstεd in propylεne glycol and olive oil followed by oral administration of [4- 1 C] cholεstεrol in propylene glycol and olive oil, otherwise following the procedure of Cayen et al., J. Lipid Res. 20, 162 (1979). The serum radioactivity was measured at six hours after dosing. The results of this study are reportεd in Tablε I as percent decrease compared to control. Table I In Vivo Results In Vitro Results Effect on Absorption of IC50 (μM) 1 C-Chol-6hr-normal rat % Decreasε (mg/kg) 49% (3) 50% (10) 43% (10) 46% (10) 61% (10) 81% (10) Thus, thε rεprεsεntativε compounds of this invention reduce absorption of cholestεrol into thε blood and thus can be used in the treatment of atherosclerosis, familial hypercholεstεrolεmia, hyperlipidemia and like disεases whεre a reduction in cholestεrol absorption is dεsirεd. Thε dosagε requirement for therapεutic usε of thε anti- hypercholesterolεmic agents of this invention will vary according to the particular compound chosεn as well as the age of the patient and severity and nature of the diseasε being trεatεd. Therapy should be initiated at lower doses, the dosage therεaftεr bεing incrεasεd, if nεcεssary, to produce the desired effect. In general, the compounds of this invention arε most dεsirably administered at a concentration that will generally afford effεctivε results without causing any harmful or deleterious side effects. Based upon the in vivo potency of the representativε anticholεstεrolemic agents of this invention as rεportεd in the table, the initial dosing will be from about 0.5 to 6 mg/kg with a projected maximum dose of about 100 mg/kg. Thε prεferred dosage range will be from about 1 to 50 mg/kg. Pharmaceutical Composition The compounds of formula (I) can be formulated into oral dosage forms such as tablets, capsules and the like. The compounds can be administered alone or by combining them with conventional carriers, such as magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugar, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcεllulosε, low mεlting wax, cocoa butter and the like. Diluents, flavoring agents, solubilizers, lubricants, suspεnding agεnts, binders, tablet-disintegrating agents and the like may bε εmployεd. Thε compounds may bε εncapsulated with or without other carriers. In all cases, the proportion of active ingredients in said compositions both solid and liquid will be sufficient at last to impart the desired activity thereto on oral administration. The compounds may also be injectεd parεnterally in which case they arε usεd in thε form of a sterile solution containing other solutes, for examplε, εnough salinε or glucose to makε thε solution isotonic. J

Claims: What is claimed is: A compound wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; O Z is -Ar ] , -Ar --A?, -Ar 1 -O-Ar 2 ,-Ar 1 -S-Ar 2 , -Ar- - C- Ar 2 , O O — Ar 1 - C- O- Ar 2 , — Ar 1 ' C- Ar " , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1 20 -Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1.20 -O-Ar 2 , -Ar^O- CH^ . ^-Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CR 6 =CR 6 )ι_3-Ar 2 or -Arϊ-NRAAr 2 , where R 6 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl and R 7 is hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, -Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 arε indεpεndεntly sεlected from phεnyl, naphthyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, bεnzisoxazolyl, indεnyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzotriazolyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, or fluorenyl, J and Ar 1 and Ar 2 - independently, are optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C 20 alkyl)-, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C20-alkyl)-O-, trifluoromethyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, mono or di C1-C20 alkylaminocarbonyl, tetrazolyl, -OH, -(CH2)i-6-OH, -SH, -NH 2 or -(CH 2 )ι_6-NR 8 R 9 wherε R 8 is C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxycarbonyl and R 9 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl or R 8 and R 9 together with the interposεd nitrogen atom form a hetεrocyclic ring of thε formula: A). r ~ \ - N X where q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Ci-Cs alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 1 1 - where R 1 1 is H, C 1 -C20 alkyl or benzyl or -CR 12 R 13 - where R 12 is H, OH, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, Ar 1 or -(CH 2 )ι_ιo-Ar 1 , R 13 is H, C1-C20 alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 togethεr with the interposεd carbon forms a 3 to 8 mεmbεrεd carbocyclic ring; A is a bridging group selected from: a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbons and which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and/or acεtylεnic unsaturation; a group of the formula: -(CH 2 ) m -W-(CH 2 ) n - J where m and n are 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group selεctεd from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - whεrε R 14 is hydrogεn, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; a group of the formula: wherε b and c arε 1 to 20, b+c is 1 to 20 and Y is sεlεcted from the group consisting of: where R 15 is H, -Cs alkyl, C 1 -C 2 0 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; or A together with R 1 and the interposed nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: whεrε s is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, t is 0 to 15, and R 16 and R 17 arε, indεpεndently, hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or-(CH2)o-6-NR 18 R 19 where R 18 is Ci-Cg alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 1 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, phenyl-(CH2)i-6- where phenyl is optionally substituted with a alkyl group, or is combined with A to form a hetεrocyclic ring as described above; R 2 and R 3 are indεpεndεntly Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH2)o-o~NR 18 R 19 where R 18 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 4 and R 5 are indepεndεntly hydrogεn, C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkεnyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, — t CH 2 )---5t C 3 . 10 cycloalkyl),-( CH 2 ) 1 . 20 Ar 1 , 0 r-f CH^^NR^R 21 whεrε R 20 is C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C 1 -C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl; and R 21 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl, wherein Ar 1 is as defined above, or R 4 and R 5 together with the interposed nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: whεrε r, q, u, R 10 and X are as dεfined above, pharmaceutically accεptablε salt thεrεof. J A compound according to claim 1 wherε: p is 1,2 or 3; Z is O 9 -Ar--C-O-Ar 2 , -A^-C-Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) o'Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 )-π5-O-Ar 2 , -Ar^CMCH^— Ai 2 , whεrε R 6 is H or Ci-Cs alkyl, or -Ar ] -NR 7 -Ar 2 whεre R 7 is hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl and Ar 1 and Ar 2 are sεlεctεd from phεnyl, naphthyl, furanyl, bεnzofuranyl, dibεnzofuranyl, pyridinyl, thiεnyl, bεnzothiεnyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, bεnzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, bεnzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, bεnzisoxazolyl, indεnyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, carbazolyl, bεnzimidazolyl or fluorεnyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 may bε optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, C2-C8 alkenyl, trifluoromethyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, -Cs alkoxycarbonyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, -NH 2 , -(CH 2 )i-6-NR 8 R 9 where R 8 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, and R 9 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; A is selεctεd from a saturated or unsatured, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and or acetylεnic unsaturation; J a group of the formula: -(CH 2 ) m -W-(CH 2 )n- whεrε m and n arε 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group sεlεctεd from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - whεrε R 14 is hydrogεn, Ci-Cs alkyl, C1-C8 alkylcarbonyl, -Cs alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl; a group of the formula: — f(CH 2 ) b - -Y- (CH 2 ) c - L J 0-l •■ J o- i where b and c are 1 to 2, b+c is 1 to 20, and Y is sεlεctεd from thε group consisting of: or A together with R 1 and the interposed nitrogen form a hetεrocyclic moiεty of thε formula: whεrε s is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and t is 0 to 15. R 1 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, phenyl-(CH2)i-6- where phenyl is optionally substitutεd with a C1-C6 alkyl group, or is combined with A to form a hetεrocyclic ring as described above; R 2 and R 3 are indepεndεntly Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Cj-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH2)θ-6-NR 18 R 19 whεrε R 18 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Cj-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or -Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogεn or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 4 and R 5 arε, indεpεndently, hydrogen, C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, -(CH 2 )i-io-(C3-Cιo cycloalkyl), -(CH2)i-io- NR20R21 where R20 i s Ci-Cs alkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl, and R 21 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the intεrposed nitrogen forms a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: ≠X r - ■ N X whεrε q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Cj-Cg alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 11 - whεrε R 11 is hydrogεn, Ci-Cs alkyl or benzyl or X is CR 12 R 13 where R 12 is hydrogen, hydroxy, Cj-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, and R 13 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 together with the interposed carbon forms a 3 to 8 membered carbocyclic ring. -3 - A compound according to claim 2 where: Z is -Ar*-O-Ar 2 , R 1 is H, Cj-Cg alkyl, or phenyl-(CH 2 )i-6-; A is a -C20 alkylenε group, R 2 and R 3 are H, p is 2 and R 4 is C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, -(CH2)i-io-Ar 1 where Ar 1 is phenyl and R 5 is H or R 4 and R 5 togethεr with the interposεd nitrogεn forms a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: wherε r and q are 1 and X is CH2 or CR 1 R 13 where R 12 and R 13 together with the interposed carbon forms a 3-8 membεrεd ring. -4- A compound according to claim 3 where Z is 4-phenoxyphεnyl, R 1 is H, A is hεxyl, p is 2, R 2 and R 3 arε H, R 4 is hεxyl, dεcyl, cyclohεxyl, or phenylbutyl and R 5 is H or R 4 and R 5 together with the interposed nitrogen forms piperidine or 8- azaspiro[5.4]decane. -5 - A compound according to claim 4 which is selected from: 4-(Hexylcarbamoyloxy)-piperidine- 1-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl estεr, 8-Aza-spiro [4.5]dεcanε-8-carboxylic acid l-{6-[(4-phεnoxy-phεnyl)-oxycarbonyl- amino]-hexyloxycarbonyl}-piperidin-4-yl estεr, 4-(Dεcylcarbamoyloxy )-pipεridine- 1 -carboxylic acid 6- [(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl estεr, 4-(Cyclohεxylcarbamoyloxy)-pipεridine- 1 -carboxylic acid 6- [(4-phenoxy-phεnyl)- oxycarbonylamino] -hεxyl εster, 4-(4-Phenyl-butyl-carbamoyloxy)-pipεridine-l -carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phεnyl)- oxycarbonylamino] -hεxyl εster, or 4-(Piperidine- 1 -carbonyloxy)-piperidine- 1 -carboxylic acid 6- [ (4-phenoxy- phεnyl)oxycarbonylamino] -hexyl εster. -6 - A mεthod of rεducing cholesterol absorption through the intestinal wall in a mammal which comprises internally administering thereto a therapeutically effεctivε amount of a compound of thε formula: wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; Z is -Ar 1 , -Ax ' -Ai 2 , - Ar 2 , O p —AT-- C- 0-A- 2 , — Ar^ C-Ar 2 . -Ar^CH^o-Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1 . 20 -O-Ar 2 , _Ar 1 -O-(CH 2 ) 1.20 -Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CR 6 =CR 6 )ι_3-Ar 2 or -Ar^NR^Ar 2 , where R 6 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl and R 7 is hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 are indepεndently selected from phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, bεnzofuranyl, dibεnzofuranyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, bεnzisoxazolyl, indεnyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzotriazolyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, or fluorenyl, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 , indεpεndently, are optionally substitutεd by fluorinε, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C 2 o alkyl)-, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C20-alkyl)-O-, trifluoromethyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, mono or di C1-C20 alkylaminocarbonyl, tetrazolyl, -OH, -(CH2)i-6-OH, -SH, -NH 2 or -(CH 2 )ι_6-NR 8 R 9 wherε R 8 is C]-C20 alkyl, C 1 -C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl and R 9 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl or R 8 and R 9 togεther with the interposεd nitrogεn atom form a heterocyclic ring of the formula: where q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Ci-Cs alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 1 1 - wherε R 1 1 is H, C1-C20 alkyl or bεnzyl or -CR 12 R 13 - where R 12 is H, OH, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, Ar 1 or -(CH )i-io-Ar 1 , R 13 is H, C1-C20 alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 together with the interposed carbon forms a 3 to 8 membεrεd carbocyclic ring; J A is a bridging group selected from: a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbons and which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and/or acεtylεnic unsaturation; a group of the formula: -(CH 2 ) m -W-(CH 2 )n- where m and n are 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group selected from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - wherε R 14 is hydrogεn, C 1 -C 2 0 alkyl, C 1 -C20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; a group of the formula: where b and c are 1 to 20, b+c is 1 to 20 and Y is selεctεd from thε group consisting of: J whεr R 15 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, C]-C 20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; or A togethεr with R 1 and thε intεrposεd nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: where s is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, t is 0 to 15, and R 16 and R 17 arε, indεpεndεntly, hydrogεn, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH2)o_ό-NR 18 R 19 where R 18 is -Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 1 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, phεnyl-(CH2)i-6- whεrε phenyl is optionally substituted with a Ci-Cό alkyl group, or is combined with A to form a heterocyclic ring as described above; R 2 and R 3 are indepεndently Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(Q_2)θ-6-NR 18 R 19 whεrε R 18 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogεn or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 4 and R 5 arε indεpεndently hydrogen, C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkεnyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, —f CH 2 )πot C 3 . 10 cycloalkyl),— ( CH^L^ AΓ 1 , or-f CH^^NR^R 21 whεrε R 20 is C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl or benzyl; and R 21 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl, whεrεin Ar 1 is as dεfinεd abovε, or R 4 and R 5 togεthεr with the intεrposεd nitrogεn form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: wherε r, q, u, R 10 and X arε as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptablε salt thereof. -7 - A method of reducing cholestεrol absorption according to claim 6 wherein thε compound usεd is according to claim 2. -8- A mεthod of rεducing cholεstεrol absorption according to claim 7 whεrεin the compound used is according to claim 3. -9- A method of reducing cholεstεrol absorption according to claim 8 whεrεin thε compound used is according to claim 4. - 10- A method of rεducing cholesterol absorption according to claim 9 wherein thε compound usεd is sεlεcted from: 4-(Hexylcarbamoyloxy)-pipεridine- 1 -carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phεnyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hexyl estεr, 8-Aza-spiro [4.5]dεcane-8-carboxylic acid l-{6-[(4-phenoxy-phεnyl)-oxycarbonyl- amino] -hεxyloxycarbonyl } -piperidin-4-yl estεr, 4-(Dεcylcarbamoyloxy)-pipεridine- 1 -carboxylic acid 6- [(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hεxyl εster, 4-(Cyclohexylcarbamoyloxy)-pipεridinε-l -carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phεnoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino] -hεxyl εster, 4-(4-Phenyl-butyl-carbamoyloxy)-pipεridinε- 1-carboxylic acid 6-[(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- oxycarbonylamino]-hεxyl εstεr, or 4-(Piperidine-l-carbonyloxy)-pipεridinε-l-c__rboxylic acid 6-[(4-phεnoxy- phεnyl)oxycarbonylamino]-hεxyl εstεr. J - 11- A pharmaceutical composition for reducing cholesterol absorption comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and a therapεutically εffεctive amount of a compound having the formula: wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; O Z is -Ar 1 , -AT--A- 2 , , -Ar- ] O - C- Ar 2 , O p — Ar 1 - C- O- Ar 2 , — Ar 1 ' C- Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1.20 -Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CH 2 ) 1.20 -O-Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -O-(CH 2 ) 1.20 -Ar 2 , -Ar 1 -(CR 6 =CR 6 )ι_3-Ar 2 or -Ar ] -NR 7 -Ar 2 , whεrε R 6 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl and R 7 is hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl or Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl; and Ar 1 and Ar 2 are, indεpεndently, selected from phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, bεnzothiεnyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, isoxazolyl, bεnzisoxazolyl, indεnyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzotriazolyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, or fluorεnyl, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 , independently, are optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, nitro, -CO2H, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C 2 o alkyl)-, C1-C20 alkyl-O-(Cι-C20-alkyl)-O-, trifluoromethyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyloxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, mono or di C1-C20 alkylaminocarbonyl, tetrazolyl, -OH, -(CH2)i-6-OH, -SH, -NH 2 or -(CH2)ι_6-NR 8 R 9 where R 8 is C1-C20 alkyl, C 1 -C20 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C20 alkoxycarbonyl and R 9 is hydrogen or C 1 -C20 alkyl or R 8 and R 9 together with the interposed nitrogen atom form a hetεrocyclic ring of thε formula: where q is 0, 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, u is 0, 1 or 2, R 10 is Ci-Cs alkyl and X is -O-, -S-, -NR 1 1 - where R 1 1 is H, C1-C20 alkyl or benzyl or -CR 12 R 13 - where R 12 is H, OH, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyloxy, Ar 1 or -(CH 2 )i-io-Ar 1 , R 13 is H, Cι-C 2 o alkyl, or R 12 and R 13 together with the interposed carbon forms a 3 to 8 membered carbocyclic ring; A is a bridging group selected from: a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbons and which may have 1 to 6 sites of olefinic and/or acεtylεnic unsaturation; a group of thε formula: -(CH 2 ) m -W-(CH 2 )n- J where m and n are 1 to 19, m+n is 2 to 20 and W is a group selεctεd from -O-, -S-, or -NR 14 - where R 14 is hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; a group of the formula: where b and c are 1 to 20, b+c is 1 to 20 and Y is selected from the group consisting of: whεrε R 15 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, C 1 -C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyl; or A togethεr with R 1 and thε interposed nitrogen form a heterocyclic moiety of the formula: v. where s is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, t is 0 to 15, and R 16 and R 17 are, independently, hydrogen, Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or-(CH2)θ-6~NR 18 R 19 where R 18 is Ci-Cg alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogen or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 1 is H, Ci-Cs alkyl, phenyl-(CH2)i-6- where phenyl is optionally substituted with a Cι-C6 alkyl group, or is combined with A to form a heterocyclic ring as described above; R 2 and R 3 are independently Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxy, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy, cyano, Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyloxy, or -(CH2)o__6-NR 18 R 19 wherε R 18 is Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-Cs alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Cs alkylcarbonyl and R 19 is hydrogεn or Ci-Cs alkyl; R 4 and R 5 arε indεpεndεntly hydrogεn, C3-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkεnyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, — ( CH 2 )πδCC 3 . 1 o cycloalkyl),— ( CH^ Ar 1 , or-f CH^^NR^R 21 whεrε R 20 is C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkεnyl, C1-C20 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl or bεnzyl; and R 21 is hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl, wherein Ar 1 is as defined above, or R 4 and R 5 togεthεr with thε intεrposεd nitrogεn form a hεterocyclic moiety of the formula: where r, q, u, R 10 and X are as defined above, pharmaceutically acceptablε salt thεrεof. J

Inventors: COMMONS THOMAS JOSEPH, LACLAIR CHRISTA MARIE, COMMONS, THOMAS, JOSEPH, LACLAIR, CHRISTA, MARIE
Applicants: AMERICAN HOME PROD, AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION
Application year: 1995
Main classification: C07D211
IPC codes: A61K31, A61P3, A61P9, C07D211