POLYMER DISSOLVING METHOD AND APPARATUS

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer dissolving method and apparatus, which method is entirely or partly based on a pressurized method, in which mixing is carried out in a dissolving head (3) by means of mechanical or static mixers (7, 11, 12). At the end of the process there are pressure chambers (9, 10) wherein pressure is maintained by means of a feed pump (8) and a valve (25). The process is entirely or partially pressurized.

Description: Polymer dissolving method and apparatus The present invention relates to a method for dissolving polymers or the like in water, and an apparatus for implementing this method. In the dissolving of polymers, water, air, mechanical mixers and overpressure are utilized. A heavy increase has taken place in the use of water-soluble polymers for various kinds of purposes. As a result, polymers are used to an increasing extent for different kinds of environmental protection purposes as well as for clarifying various types of solutions. Polymers and solutions thereof, mainly aqueous solutions, are also utilized in chemical and paper industries. Different types of polymers are usually packed and stored as powder. As they are usually used as an aqueous solution, different kinds of apparatuses . and methods have been developed for their mixing. The methods most commonly employed are based on batch production. This means that water is first delivered into a container, and the polymer powder is mixed in the water by mechanical mixers or similar devices. The reason why methods and apparatuses of the batch principle have been used is a consequence of slow dissolution of polymers, and, in addition, the aim for a tender mixing process and saving long polymer chains. Finnish patent application 851 185 discloses an apparatus and a method for mixing polymers in water. For a fast mixing of polymers and water, the solution is fed to a grinder type of a device which causes effectively shearing conditions for decreasing the particle size. U.S. Patent 4 778 280 discloses a polymer mixing method which utilizes a centrifugal pump for carrying out the mixing. However, practice has shown that a proper enough mixing of polymers in water cannot be achieved by mechanical apparatuses alone. It is an object of the method and apparatus of the present invention to provide a simple and continuous device in which the production of a solution of polymers and water partly takes place under pressure. The polymer dissolving method and apparatus according to the invention are characterized by that which is set forth in the attached claims. The quality and properties of a product produced by the method according to the invention will be considerably improved. A stepless control of the process is possible. Furthermore, the space the apparatuses require is decreased as a result of the continuous process. Due to the simplicity of the method, reliable operation of the control system is achieved. In the following, the invention will be described in closer detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment according to the method of the invention. Figure 2 shows a cross section of a polymer powder dissolving head. Referring to figure 1, number 1 indicates a container of powdered polymer. Number 2 refers to a batch feeder, and number 3 to a dissolving head. A water inlet with its valves is indicated by number 4, and an air inlet by number 5. Number 6 indicates a premixing tank, and number 7 a mixer. A feed pump, also used for pressure rising, is marked with number 8, pressure chambers with numbers 9 and 10, and static mixers therein with numbers 11 and 12. A frequency converter, used for adjusting the batch feeder 2 and the feed pump 8, is indicated by number 13. Figure 2 illustrates a cross section of the dissolving head 3 , and the air and water inlets therein by numbers 5 and 4, respectively. Number 14 indicates a nozzle, and number 15 a locking ring. The chassis is marked with number 16, and an acceleration tube with number 17. A water chamber attached to the chassis 16 is indicated by number 18, and a mixing chamber by number 19. An annular feed space for air is indicated by number 20, and feed ducts by number 21. Number 22 refers to a water chamber, and number 23 to a water feed duct. Number 24 indicates a polymer feed line. The pressure of the entire system is controlled by means of valve 25. The dissolving method for polymers and the apparatus used therein is activated as follows . The batch feeder 2 activates the feeding of polymer to the dissolving head 3. Upon commencing the feeding of the solution, the feed pump 8 is also started, by which is it possible to dose the amount of the solution delivered for consumption at any one time. From the container 1, the batch feeder 2 doses a desired amount of polymer to the dissolving head 3, wherein underpressure prevails in the polymer feed line 24, to which an ejector effect can be achieved by pumping air to the annular space 20 whereby the air is throttled and the flow rate increases in the feed ducts 21. The flow in the acceleration tube 17 creates underpressure in the polymer feed line 24. The expanding air accelerates the flow rate of the polymer and air mixture in the acceleration tube 17, from the outside of which water is fed from the annular space 22 through duct 23 to the mixing chamber 19 where the actual mixing takes place. The premixing tank 6 is under normal air pressure, and in order to improve dissolving it may be equipped with a mechanical mixer 7. From the premixing tank 6, a desired amount of solution is delivered for the process to the pressure chambers 9 and 10, which are equipped with static mixers 11 and 12. Within the pressure chambers 9 and 10, the desired pressure is maintained simply by means of the pressure control valve 25 and the feed pump 8. The mixer 7 in the premixing tank 6 may be kept on permanently, and the feeding into the premixing tank may take place, for example, by high and low limiting control, which activate and stem the air and water feed to the polymer powder dissolving head 3, and the powder feed to the batch feeder from the polymer container 1. The pressure chambers 10 and 11 function as curing reactors improving and speeding up the dissolving of polymers in water. The number of containers may vary depending on the pressure of the process and the consumption requirements. It is obvious that the aforementioned presents but one embodiment of the idea of the invention. The number and size of pressure chambers 10 and 11 may vary broadly, and they can also be supplied with mechanical rotating mixers, or the like. The implementation of the polymer powder dissolving head 3 may also be different than described above. Therefore, the polymer powder may be delivered to the premixing tank either by means of water or air. It is also possible to feed the powder directly into the premixing tank 6.

Claims: Claims 1. A method for dissolving polymers or the like, in which method the dissolving and mixing of polymers in water or a similar liquid is carried out in several stages and as a process consisting of different procedures, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that one or more of the dissolving and/or mixing procedures of the process is carried out under a pressure that exceeds the normal air pressure, and that the process is entirely or partially continuous. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the dissolving and mixing of polymers in water or the like is carried out by mechanical mixers, static mixers and the flow of water and air. 3. A polymer dissolving apparatus applied to the method according to claim 1 or 2, the apparatus comprising mixing devices (3, 7, 11, 12) , batch feeders (2, 8) and containers (1, 6, 9, 10) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that one or more of the containers (9, 10) in the final stages of the process is a pressure chamber which is pressurized by means of a feed pump (8) and a pressure control valve (25) . 4. A polymer dissolving apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the pressure chamber (9, 10) contains static or mechanical mixers (11, 12) . 5. A polymer dissolving apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the dissolving head (3) is provided with two ejectors that have in the center a feed line (24) where the polymers flow, and air is advantageously first fed from the periphery, and then water, as seen from the direction of flow. 6. A polymer dissolving apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the dissolving head (3) has as the last part in the direction of flow a cylinder which is enlarged at the middle and which functions as a mixing chamber (19) , which cylinder is supplied with air, the polymer mixture from the acceleration tube (17) and water from the duct (23) . 7. A polymer dissolving apparatus as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the feed line (24) to the dissolving head is directly connected, by a tube or the like, to the polymer container (1) , whereby the underpressure created by the ejectors of the dissolving head (3) is used for the feeding of polymers. 8. A polymer dissolving head as claimed in claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that a frequency converter (13) is employed for adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motors in the batch feeder (2) and the feed pump (8) .

Inventors: TAMMELIN HEIKKI ANTERO, TAMMELIN, HEIKKI, ANTERO
Applicants: TAMMELIN HEIKKI ANTERO, TURUN ASENNUSTEAM OY, TAMMELIN, HEIKKI, ANTERO
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B01F1
IPC codes: B01F1, B01F5, B01F7, B01F13, B01F15