THE METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF INTERIOR-LINING ARTICLES FROM GYPSUM CONTAINING MATERIALS. FORM FOR PRODUCTION OF INTERIOR-LINING ARTICLES

Abstract: The invention refers to a method and a form for manufacturing interior-lining articles from gypsum materials. The method is characterized by filling a form with a gypsum composition in excess quantity and closing it with an air-tight lid (6). The form is then shaked and after taking the article out of the form, the article can be treated with a water-repellent compound. The form consists of a mould which has lengthwise and transverse edges (2) and is provided with a die embossed pattern (3) and inserted in the mould removable die-liner (4) with collars (5) and anti-adhesive surface.

Description: THE METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF INTERIOR- LINING ARTICLES FROM GYPSUM CONTAINING MATERIALS. FORM FOR PRODUCTION OF INTE¬ RIOR-LINING ARTICLES. FIELD OF TECHNIQUE The invention relates to the manufacturing process of interior-lining articles from gypsum and can be applied in manufacturing of building materi¬ als. PRIOR LEVEL OF TECHNIQUE Known in the art is the method of manufactu¬ ring of gypsum lining articles comprising prepara ¬ tion of moulding mixture, filling of the form, pre¬ liminarily laid with a liner-die, keeping the mix¬ ture till its total hardening, dismantling of forms of the article and the liner, the liner separation, drying and finishing of the article. As a liner of the die it is used cellophane film, preliminarily kept in water during 0.5-3 min under temperature of 30-50 deg C. This film treat- ment provides for decorative skin-like finish on the article surface (Inventor's Certificate of the USSR 564162 cl.B 28B 11/00, 1977). Known in the art is the die-form for manufac ¬ ture of building articles with embossed pattern, containing polymeric film and filler. The polymeric film is performed antiadhesive,the filler is made of cement-sandy concrete containing 10-20 per cent of ferro- agnets (Inventor's Certificate of the USSR 841983 cl.B 28B 11/00,1981). The die is made after the model with assigned embossed pattern, first as an open volume, repeating the model form, then the volume in turned over position, embossed pattern down, is filled with composition consisting of concrete compound and ferromagnetic elements, after the concrete is hardened, the volume is cove¬ red with flat film and the die is used in shaping building articles. Known also in the art is the form for produc¬ tion of articles with embossed pattern comprising a tray, detachable linear and transversal edges and a detachable die (Inventor's Certificate of the USSR 903903120 ck.B28B 11/08, 1982). SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION An aim is put to work out a method of manufac¬ turing high-artistic interior-lining gypsum artic¬ les with embossed pattern, for instance, tiles with face surface of increased hardness and water-repel- lence, posessing high tecnological adapatability to manufacture and simplicity of manufacture, failing to require complicated production equipment, also to design a form providing for high technology of the manufacturing process of articles in great se- lection. The above aim is accomplished by the method of manufacturing of interior-lining gypsum articles com prising preparation of moulding compound, fil¬ ling it it into the form, which is layed prelimina- rily with a a liner-die and keeping it till its ab¬ solute hardening dismantling of forms of the artic¬ le with its liner, the liner separation, drying and finishing of the article,the compound is filled in¬ to the form in excess quantity, then it is covered with an air-tight lid, then shaked and after the article is finished it is treated with water-repel- ling compound. Also the result is achieved by the method when the form for interior-lining articles comprising a tray, lengthwise and transverse edges and a remo- vable die with embossed pattern is made as a whole with embossed pattern on the tray, and a volumet¬ ric-spatial polymeric liner is used as a die, which is congruent to the working surface of the form and furnished with collars housed on the form edges and embracing them on the outside along the form hight, and the form is provided with a detachable air-tight lid,which can rest on the collars. In this case nitro-enamel paint is applied as a water-resising compound. In this case the mixture is filled into the form in quantity by 15-20 % excessing the volume of the form. In this case the form is made of quickly-har¬ dening compound by means of filling it into the overturned die set on its foundation. In this case the form is made of gypsum. In this case the die is performed of sheet plastics or heat- resistent polymeric film, and the air-tight lid - of thick sheet glass corrugated in- derneath. The form for casting articles is performed in the following way: the die is filled from reverse with a quickly-hardening compound kept till total hardening, the received form is used as a form-tray. One of the variants is production of the form-tray of the same material that is used for production of tiles, that is gypsum. Nitro-enamel paint may be used as a water-repelling material to coat the article face. When filling up the form with shaping mass the excess volume of the mass may make a 15-20 %. In one of the variants of die per- forming it can be used sheet plastics or heat-re- sistent polymer film. The air-tight lid for the form can be made of thick sheet glass, corrugated underneath. The disclosed technical actions permit to or¬ ganize the manufacture of fine and high-artistic interiorlining articles on various gypsum stringy materials including gypsum cement and others by the easiest method not requiring complicated equipment, practically in any home conditions with minimum ex¬ penses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The substance of the invention is explained by the drawings,illustrating: Fig.1 - general view of the form for production of articles with embossed pattern from gypsym materials; Fig.2 - cross secti¬ on of the general view on Fig.l. The form-tray I is made as a whole with leng¬ thwise and transverse edges 2 and provided with a die embossed pattern 3. On the form-tray 1 there installed a removable dieliner 4 with a hard antiadhesive surface furnis- hed with collars 5. The collars 5 rest on the edges of the tray 1 and embrace from outside the edges 2 along the night to the base. From above the collars 5 of the die 4 are pressed to the edges 2 of the tray-form 1 by the air-tight lid, when casing a standard lining plate with embossed pattern the working volume of the tray-form 1 can have dimensi¬ ons, for example, 148x148x8.5 mm. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRABLE TECHNICAL RELIZATION The die-liner can be made, for instance,from the sheet or film plasticized material with smooth, dense, antiadhesive surface (polysterene, fluorop- lastic, polypropylene, oilcloth, thermoshrinking polyethylene film, etc).The most acceptable mate¬ rials as regards to the proproduction process and availability are plastics, type ITXB and IT374. The corrugated pattern on plastics is performed, for instance, by means of pressing.For the tray-form it can be used any easily fusible alloy, such as Wo¬ od's alloy, for example, or lead, in case the die is made of heat resistent material. However, the easiest and most acceptable version is the applian¬ ce of gypsum materials, that is, the same materi- als, which are used for production of gypsum lining articles. The air-tight lid is made of thick sheet glass with corrugated surface underneath. The disclosed form is prepared in the follo¬ wing way. The die 4 with corrugated pattern on it is set in turned over position on sand, filled from the rear side with gypsum composition, diluted with water, thickened by pressing onto the forming mass by glass lid 6 and by means of shaking and the mass is kept till absolute hardening. Then the received blank is coated with drying oil, paint or varnish and used as a tray-form for the die 4 when produ¬ cing facing tile. The disclosed method of the form production permits to receive the die corrugated pattern on the tray. In the case disclosed the volu- metric-spatial form of a thin linerdie with antiad¬ hesive surface is congruent to the tray working surface and while filling the forming stuff into this form the liner-die completely fits to the wor¬ king surface of the tray-form and is relieved from the weight loads of the forming mass. Therefore in the production process of tiles the liner-die prac- tically isn't submitted to wear " and serves for ma¬ nufacturing of a great number of articles without renewing that makes cheaper the process of tile production. The disclosed method of production of interi- er-lining articles with corrugated pattern, such as tile, ceiling, wall or corner borders, ash-trays, supports, etc. , from gypsum material is realized in the following way: dry components: gypsum binding material and additions are mixed for example, with water, this forming mass is filled in excess volume into the form, the excess volume being within 15-20 per cent. The forming mass in the form undergoes to thickening in two ways: squeezing the air-tight lid-glass 6 by pressing it tight to the collars 5 of the die and at the same time to the edges 2 of the tray-form and shaking recurretly the closed filled form. The close fitting of the glass to the die ensures air-tight conditions required for phase transformation of gypsum in the form, thickening of the texture. The corrugated face surface of the glass inderneath provides for some roughness of the surface on the rear side of the article insuring improved adhesion when fixing it to the base using traditional glue solutions. The die-liner with hard antiadhesive surface ensures dense and smooth surface face of the artic¬ le, not requiring further polishing. After keeping the mass in the form during 10-15 minutes till its total hardening, the filled form is dismantled by removing the lid-glass, the article together with the die-liner is taken out of the form, then the die is taken off the article, casting barbs are re¬ moved, and the the blank is being dried for 20-24 hours. After drying the face surface is coated with any water-repelling compound, for example, with nitro-enamel,type HD,,after the paint has dried the article is covered with decorative colouring. The disclosed method of production of interi¬ or-lining gypsum articles and the form for produc- tion of interior-lining articles are industrially realized, characterized by high adaptability to manufacturing and simplicity, features with novelty and invention level comparing to prior art methods, i.e. they satisfy the terms and conditions of pa- tentability.

Claims: CLAIMS l.The method of production of interior-lining articles from gypsum containing material, compri¬ sing preparation of forming composition, filling of the form with composition,preliminarily laid with liner-die and keeping the mass till its to¬ tal hardening, dismantling of the article together with the liner of the form, the liner separation, drying and face finishing of the article, characte¬ rized in that the composition in excess quantity is filled into the form, then closed with an air¬ tight lid, shaked, and after face finish the arti- cle is treated with water-repellent compound. 2. The method as per para 1 is characterized in that as a water-repellent compound it is used nitro-enamel paint. 3. The method as per para 1 is characterized in that the mixture is filled into the form in qua¬ ntity exceeding its volume by 15-20 %. 4. The form for production of interior-lining articles, containing a tray, lengthwise and trans¬ verse edges and a removable die with corrugated pa- ttern is characterized in that the form is made as a whole with corrugated pattern on the tray, and as a die it is used a volumetric-spatial .polymeric li¬ ner congruent to the working surface of-the form and furnished with collars housed on the form edges embracing the edges from outside along the form hight, and the form is furnished with a removable air-tight lid, performed to rest on the collars. 5. The form as per para 4 is characterized in that it is made of quick-hardening composition by fi- lling it into the overturned die set on its base. 6. The form as per para 4 is characterized in that it is made of gypsum. 7. The form as per para 4 is characterized in that the die is fulfilled of sheet plastics. 8. The form as per para 4 is characterized in that the die is fulfilled of heat-resistent polyme¬ ric film. 9. The form as per para 4 is characterized in that the air-tight lid is made of thick sheet glass corrugated from underneath. AMENDED CLAIMS [received by the International Bureau on 28 August 1996 (28.08.96); original claims 1-9 replaced by amended claims 1-7 (2 pages)] i. The method of construction of interior-lining articles from plaster-containing materials including the process of placing the die with embossed pattern into a form, filling with moulding composition, keeping the mass till its complete hardening and taking out the article is CHARACTERIZED in that the moulding composition is filled in the form in excess quantity, it undergoes to double thickening: by pressing the air -tight lid onto excess moul¬ ding composition coming out of the formd, and after the form is closed completely, by repeated shaking up, the ar¬ ticle, upon having hardened, is taken nut of the form by turning it over, then the article is being dried. 2 . The method under ra . DISTINGUISHES in that the moulding composition is filled in the form exceeding in its volume the volume of the form itself by 15 20%. 3. The method under para 1 DISTINGUISHES in that the face side of the article is treated with water-repellent compound. 4. The method under para i- ?. DISTINGUISHES in that as a water-repellent compound it is used nitro-enamel paint. 5. The form for construction of interior-linining articles consisting of a mould with prominent edges and embossed pattern on its bottom, the geometry of which corresponds to that of the reverse ide of the removable die, placed into the mould,the die performed in the shape of a thin volumetric-spatial polymeric stuffing furnished with collars, CHARACTERIZED in that the die collars are placed along the horizontal surface of the mould edges and made embracing them from outside for the whole height to the base, and a removable hermetic lid is placed on top of them, and the stuffing is made of a heat-resistant sheet billet or a film with hard anti-adhesive surface 6. The form under para 5 DISTINGUISHES in that the mould is fulfilled from a quickly-hardening compound identical to that of the moulding composition for an article filled in the overturned die set on a rigid base, 7, The form under para 5-6 is CHARACTERIZED in that the air-tight lid is lade of thick sheet glass embossed underneath.

Inventors: YASCHENKO VLADIMIR GRIGORIEVIC, YASCHENKO, VLADIMIR GRIGORIEVICH
Applicants: YASCHENKO VLADIMIR GRIGORIEVIC, YASCHENKO, VLADIMIR GRIGORIEVICH
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B28B7
IPC codes: B28B7, B28B11, B28B13