AN IMPROVED SYSTEM WITH MODULAR ELEMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTIONS

Abstract: The improved system with modular elements for constructions according to the present invention comprises: modules with joints having a flexible or ultraflexible arrangement; a polyfunctional modular element for perforations like hollow spaces; a plurality of canalizations transversal to the vertical holes; a plurality of deep groovings, arranged on the edges of the modules with hollow spaces; a polyvalent modular element, complementary to the normal modules, provided with horizontal tappings (10, 23, 24) separated in a plurality of projecting rostra; a polyvalent module with hollow spaces or with a complete circuit of vertical perforations, possibly connected and/or that may be connected with convenient horizontal groves; a plurality of kinds of joints - prismatic, with an arc or in two separate rostra - as those realized on the special module.

Description: "AN IMPROVED SΪSTEM WITH MODULAR ELEMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTIONS" The present invention concerns an improved system with modular elements for bricJcwork constructions of greatest solidity and constructive convenience, together with the necessary thermic and hydro- hygrometric nonconductivity. According to the features of a former patent application filed by the same applicant and granted in Italy under patent no. 1218259, a system with modular elements for constructions is known having: - a plurality of horizontal and vertical canalizations for forming, in use, a network of small pillars and rafters (homogeneous with the modules), inside the stonework, whereby said small pillars and rafters may be possibly reinforced with iron bars and therefore may replace the conventional reinforced concrete grillage; - a circuit of perimetric or semi-perimetric fixed joint - sheathing, with a rigidly orthogonal course, for allowing a quick and linear dry assemblying of the modules in the wall and such as to prevent later successive discharges of concrete in the leakage phase; - an appropriate groove, for leading the leaking concrete into a large extension between the surfaces of the modules in contact, for realizing the greatest homogenization between said modular elements and between the latter and above mentioned network of small pillars and rafters; - a special module, corresponding to a module without hollow spaces, that is to be used for all needs of angulation and stonework connection, forming, alone, the replacement of many modules for special use (right angle and left angle, end of the wall, half module, crossing etc. ) . It is the aim of the present invention to improve the functionality of the system claimed in the former patent, and in particular: - to expand the use of the system; - to complete the system with original parts and solutions; - to improve all operative and functional features. The aim set forth is reached by means of the improved system according to the present invention, comprising: - joint modules with flexible or ultra-flexible joint, alternative or complementary to a system characterized in a rigid orthogonality, so as to allow also the construction of stoneworks with curves and/or with acute or plane angles; - modules provided with horizontal and vertical canalizations forming, in use, a concrete network of small pillars and rafters, that can be possibly reinforced, homogeneous with the modules, laterally expanded until between the joints, such as to assure a more coherent and expanded resting base between superimposed modules; - a polifunctional modular element provided with holes like hollow spaces, with a rational disposition of the volumes and of spaces belonging to said hollow spaces, particularly provided with an edging of the horizontal female joint, obtained by a throttling of said holes; - a plurality of canalizations, horizontal to the vertical holes, obtained due to the structural flexibility and the thermic nonconductivity, so as to make a combination right for the arrangement of the infrastructure services of the building, and to allow a complete circuit of empty spaces in the whole structure that can be possibly filled up with insulating materials with the function of structural reserve if parts of the walls are to be reinforced, as it may be reinforced in vertical and horizontal sense, by means of pouring through the provided canalizations, thus obtaining also the lintels directly with the modules; - a plurality of deep grooves, arranged on the edges of the hollow spaces modules, so as to prepare them for a manual, external cementation, for: - hermetically sealing the hollow spaces for the hydro-hygrometric seal and for the thermic nonconductivity; - providing the lateral parts of the modules in use with a cemented and safe support, as the partition of the hollow spaces prevents the peripherical expansion of the casting cement; - a polyvalent modular element, complementar with the normal modules, provided with a plurality of connection poles, and that may replace many kinds of special modules with directional peculiarity, characterized in horizontal tappings, separated in a plurality of projecting rostra, alternate to the combination of structural notchings on the modules, which are otherwise necessary for housing the joint- tappings of the transversally superimposed modules and that therefore may also be provided with a flexible position joint; - a polyvalent modular element with a hollow space that has been functionally and on purpose conceived with a circuit having vertical holes, possibly connected and/or that may be connected with fiting horizontal grooves, arranged in such a position that some of these may be one by one provided with canalization and may continuously cemented nearby a possible transversal stonework coupling, whereby the flow of the cement casting doesn't pass into the adjacent holes; - a polyvalent modular element further provided with shapes and means for its transformation, for obtaining during installation fitting stonework shapes and abutments; - special complementar modules for the highest constructive efficiency, in particular for a practical arrangement of the floor and for a lintel with standstill slope. The present invention will be described more in detail hereinbelow, relating to the drawings in which some embodiments are shown. Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a module according to the improved system for constructions. Figure 2 shows a front section of a plurality of modules according to figure 1. Figure 3 shows a module, pointing out the part having the horizontal female joint. Figures 4 and 5 show an axonometric and a plant view of a polyvalent module. Figures 6 and 7 show two examples of construction according to the present system. Figures 8 and 9 show axonometric views of a full module and of its corresponding polyvalent with prismatic tapping joints. Figure 10 shows a front scheme of the installation of full modules with prismatic sheathing joint, and in dotte lines special, complementar elements. Figures 11 and 12 show a variant of a full module and his corresponding polyvalent, with horizontal joints with circular expression the one, and with vertical joints with bent frontons. Figure 13 shows a variant of a module combined with one side provided with hollow spaces and one side full. Figure 14 shows a mix module, having a moderate presence of holes. The enclosed figures show an improved system with modular elements for constructions, comprising modules provided with hollow spaces, as shown in figure 1, and fitting for residential building, as well as full modules, as shown in figure 8, with high compactness of shapes and symbiosis with the network, suitable for boundary walls, constructions with high carrying capacity etc., and combined modules with a full and a holed side, as shown in figure 13, for particular needs of nonconductivity and at the same time robustness. All described modules according to the present system may be realized out of any material, comprising material with an extremely low resistance to compression and to various strains, as the cement framework, incorporated in the wall and possibly vertically and horizontally reinforced, is suitable alone to the carrying capacity of the work. A further feature of the system according to the present invention consists of the joints, different according to the needs of the different kinds of walls or parts of walls to realize - straight and orthogonal, straight with curved parts, very curved, etc. -: horizontal joints with plane and orthogonal sections for constructions with a prevaling linear development and with right angles; with prismatic or circular sections for the curved parts, and combinations thereof according to the needs. Further joints of the vertical kind, like those with a coupled tapping, have a greater aesthetic valence, possibly on the visible walls of the polyvalent modules and on the face-sight walls, while the modules with alternate tapping are mainly used for a quick installation; both kinds may be used for mainly straight walls, while in the curve parts they need a plugging (with mortar or other) before the casting, for closing the gaps resulting in the external arch of the walls . Instead, the elements with vertical bent joints do not need plugging as, up to a determined degree of wall curving, they remain adherent on both frontal sides; the latter are, however, less suitable for straight walls. The vertical joints, according to preferred embodiments of the present invention, are shown in the enclosed figures in the following variants: - with coupled tappings 7-7 and 8-8 of easy shaping, as shown in figure 1; - with odd tappings 7-8 and 7*-8', as shown in figure 8, for the quick assemblying of the modules, as the frontons are equal and polyvalent; - with bent frontons 29-30, 31-31 as shown in figures 11-12, for modules used for walls with prevalence of curves and that are fitting for containing the cement casting on both sides of a wall curve without preventive plugging of the gaps on the external side of said curve. Also the horizontal joints shows are of three kinds: - with plane tapping 24-24'-24" for only straight walls and, for what concerns the polyvalent module, with only orthogonal angles; - with prismatic tapping 10-10 '-10" for straight and curved walls, and for what concerns the polyvalent module, with ortogonal as well as with different angles (fig. 1); - with circular tapping 23-23 '-23", as shown in figure 11, for walls with high presence of curves and angles of any degree; however, such modules are also suitable for a correct straight and orthogonal placing. Each of said vertical joints may be combined with each of said horizontal joints, in any module suggested by the present invention; therefore it shall be underlined that all kinds of joints on the modules shown in the figures described hereinbelow are approximate and not linked to the specific element. As it is shown in figure 4, the present invention may also provide that two kinds of horizontal rostrum joints are placed onto the same polyvalent module. According to the present invention, a sheathing joint means the function of keeping the cement during casting, preventing the discharge or the outflow thereof into the hollow spaces-holes, and also that to each tapping corresponds an opposite groove which - for what concerns the horizontal grooves - preferably has a straigh development as shown in figure 3 for each kind of horizontal tapping provided but, for appropriate cases, the present invention also provides print groovings, i.e. carrying in negative the shape more or less corresponding to the opposite tappings and, in the case of a polyvalent module, thr print of both rostra separately. Relating to the details of the enclosed figure 1, the system according to the present invention comprises: - a module with horizontal channels 1-1' and vertical holes and channels, respectively 2-2*, that may house a cement casting forming, in use, a network of small pillars 13 and rafters 14- 14', which may be possibly reinforced with cementable hollows for obtaining small casting blocks 15 between hollow frontons 17 and horizontal planes and bearings 16 arranged between the joints; a plurality of hollow space holes 3, communicating through channels 4, for improving the thermic insulation and for housing the placing of the service tubings like water, current, gas etc., and also for serving as a structural force reserve and for being used for a further reinforced cementation; - a plurality of lateral grooves 5-6, 5'-6', that may be used for the external sealing cementation of the hollow spaces, which is an operation independent from the casting, that may also take place automatically with the plaster, and which has the purpose of guaranteeing a safe and widespread support to the peripherical small walls of the modules and of appropriately insulating the hollow spaces for improving the nonconductivity and the hydro-hygrometric seal thereof, especially when there is no plaster as in the case of a face-sight wall; - a horizontal joint with prismatic tapping 10 for straight and curved walls, consisting of; - a couple of longitudinal tappings flanking channel 1 from fronton to fronton, each having a projection A and a recess B on one or on both sides, - a grooving 11, scarcely visible in the drawing, complementar to the tappings, inside which, during use, the projections A get into contact for a quick and correct superimposition of the modules, assuming the function, in the curves, of a hinge pin, while the recesses B supply the necessary compressible spaces; - a frontal-vertical joint with coupled tappings 7-7 and corresponding grooves 8-8; - further possible grooves 4', also along the lower side of the module, shown in dotted lines; - a central abutment 12 on each side, of such a thickness as to keep the flow of the casting that gets into the frontal recesses of the superimposed modules; - frontal recesses 9-9' . In the front section view of the installation of a plurality of modules, shown in figure 2, the following elements are pointed out: - the shape of the small rafter 14 with the cement expansion to the joints, wherein said bearings 16 arranged between the joints help to the carrying capacity of a considerable portion of the module, putting its central small walls into a solid contact; - the external groovings 5-6 that may be sealed; - the connection channels 4 between the hollow spaces; - the anatomic edging 18 around the female joint 11, that allows to keep the volumes of the small central walls of the modules in balance, without having the need of increasing them on all the line; - the possible expansion of groovings 5-6, in dotted lines 5'-6' . Figure 3 shows a module, according to the preceding figures, seen from the side comprising the joint-grooving 11 perpendicular to said horizontal tappings, shown in a preferred embodiment and fitting for all kinds of horizontal tappings. Figure 4 shows a polyvalent module, complementar to the one shown in figure 1, and that may replace a plurality of accessory modules as it is provided with coupling means with the frontons - one of which is closed - as well as with the lateral walls, and with an arrangement of the hollow spaces-holes 3-19, so as to allow a precise continuity between channel 1-1' of the possibly coupled modules, and the channel of the belonging module, and all that without making the flow of the casting passing into the hollow spaces holes 3, near to those having the function of connection bridge 19. According to the present invention, if the channels are to be reinforced, and as it is convenient to eliminate the wall screen placed between a complete cement connection between the mentioned channels, and if the modules are not of a material sufficiently friable as to remove, with a few hammer blows, the obstructing part, the presence of appropriate engravings 20, which will facilitate the removing of the small screen-walls 21-21', with the lowest possible weakening of said module. A further additional peculiarity of the module according to the present invention is that the head fronton (i.e. the close one) may be transformed and that thus some parts thereof may be removed therefrom, so as to obtain a fronton shaped for a fine wall with a right- or left-hand abutment or also with a central projection according to the prefered sense chosen during installation, and for this purpose provided with internal and/or external breaking lines 26 and with a fitting position of the holes. According to the figures, the following details are shown: - breaking lines 26 concerning the possible removal of one or more parts of the heading; - the couplings for the many directions , each consisting of a couple of vertical female joints 8-8 , - the ordinary hollow spaces - holes 3 , - the hollow spaces - holes 19 that may be provided with channels , - the horizontal channels 4 arranged between the hollow spaces , in parts only provided with small walls 22 between the channels when they are concerned by the cement casting or by the placing or pipings or reinforcements , - a horizontal tapping which , for allowing the transversal and angular superimposition of the modules , consists of two separate tappings , called rostra, respectively arranged near and around, on three sides , the holes 2 that may be cemented near the cross ing points of the channels in correspondence with the lateral connection poles , so as to find , in use, the correct arangement in the corresponding joint- groovings , in longitudinal as well as in transversal sense , if they are c ompos e d according to a plane and orthogonal shape 24 ' - 24 " , and also in further positions if in one module at least one rostrum has a prismatic shape 10'-10" or a circular shape 23 '-23", whereby in this latter case the rostrum and therefore the whole module may be placed in various or unlimited angle gradations; - a joint-groovings 11', scarcely visible in the drawing, preferably consisting of longitudinal plane groovings as shown in figure 3, with the difference that, as they run along the closed side of the channel 1, said groovings appear, in that piece, to be connected; - central abutments 12; - a plurality of cuts 20; - diaphragm-walls: external wall 21 and internal wall 21"; - channels and reticular holes 1-1', 2-2' that may be cemented; - frontal planes 9-9' . Figure 5 shows a plant view of a variant of the polyvalent module of figure 4, characterized in a central slit 25 and in breaking lines 26, so that in can be separated in halves, provided also for the other kinds of modules and also for the not polyvalent ones, and for exemplifying reasons in a heading fronton with only two removable parts, clearly shown by the dotted lines and respectively shown with A-A and B-B. In said figure the further elements are also pointed out: - the edging 18 of the female joint-grooving 11'; - the continuous lateral grooves 5, also on the edge of the closed fronton; - the arrangement of the hollow spaces - holes that may be. turned into channels, near to and corresponding to the vertical holes 2 that may be cemented, inside channels 1-1'; - the small diaphragm-walls 21-21', provided with engravings 20, and that may be eliminated by a hamer blow or similar if the need of a complete channel continuity with united transverse modules rises. In the described variant all the further vertical connection surfaces of the module are shown, with all female joint elements for allowing however and any stonework coupling situation; furthermore, the external groovings 5 are shown that can be sealed, with their deep carving in the external small walls of the module. Finally, the shape of the edging 18 around the female joint-grooving 11' is shown, whereby said edging follows the shape of said joint as, in the present embodiment, the tapping 24'-24" is plane and orthogonal. With the multiple use of the described modules and with the addition of the one shown in figure 14, the kind of wall shown in figure 6 is obtained, and provided with hollow spaces 3-19, 4-4' for the installation of the services S pipes and wires, and for containing iron F and cement casting X, like the special channels 1-1', 2-2', thus serving as a structural receiver and allowing an automatic expansion of the use possibilities of the modules, increasing their functionality, as it is shown by the lintel in the figure. Figue 7 shows a square section of the stonework, pointing out the cement casting in the conventional channels 1-1', 2-2', with the resulting network of small pillars 13 and rafters 14, linked with the modules and with a substantial volume balance between the crossed seams composing them, forming a homogeneous and constant cement sheathing, winding the possible reinforcement irons in each part of their way. Furthermore, in said figure the bearings 16 between the joints and the frontal projections 15 are shown. As the system according to the present invention provides modules with a plurality of flanked holes and channels that may be cemented, also the realization of works putting together a plurality of networks that are parallel and possibly connected by transverse channel pieces. Figure 8 shows a module according to the present invention, provided only with grooves and holes for cementation by casting, but in a more articulated arrangement of empty spaces that may be cemented and modular masses, with the purpose of balancing the solidity of the volumes of the parts and to homogenize them with reciprocal windings and permeations. The module shown in the figure has side masses and central parts solidly completed, and with compared holes and vertical channels 2-2' and horizontal channels 1-1 ' ; said vertical channels 2 ' are linked with the front grooves 9-9', and said channels 1-1' are longitudinal lateral expansions in said horizontal grooves 17-17', further expanded in the grooves 16 between the joints, forming - after the cement casting - said bearings. Furthermore, said grooves 9-9', 17-17' form the way for hooking means 27 consisting of grooves or projections that link up the cement casting with the lateral parts of the modules. All described parts together form, in use, a wall with a possibly reinforced and winding network, consisting of: - modules according to the present invention, - small pillars 13 supported, in their front parts, by small projections 15, - composed small rafters 14' expanded in the longitudinal lateral grooves 17-17' and further expanded by said bearings 16. An additional detail in the present embodiment consists of a vertical sheathing-joint with alternate tappings 7-8, 7 '-8 ' , that makes the frontons polyvalent in use, and that is provided and may be applied also in and to the already described modules with hollow spaces. In a continuous circuit with the vertical sheathing-joints, horizontal tappings with prismatic shape 10 are horizontally provided, on the edges of which, in dotte lines, the joint- grooving 11, underlying and partially visible, is projected; oblique dotted lines show the curving gradation of the module that can be superimposed, allowed by the present kind of prismatic joint. The module according to figure 9 is the polyvalent one of figure 8, of which it is complementar for what concerns angles, crossings, wall-end etc.; therefore, it follows the features of the first one, from the vertical joints, that are repeated in alternate sense 7-8 on each coupling pole for transverse or continuous modules of which it is provided on purpose, and comprises furthermore: - separated tappings 10'-10", - a corresponding joint-grooving 11', the shapes of which are shown in projection and in dotted lines, - removable projections 28 for the provided channel openings, facilitated by fitting engravings 20, and for exemplifying purposes not provided with the tapping 10' , - horizontal channels 1-1', closed by one of the frontons, - holes and vertical channel 2-2' , - horizontal groovings 17-17', - horizontal and vertical hooking means 27-27', - a vertical groove 9. Figure 10 shows two superimposed modules, whereby the shape of the composed rafter 14 ' , expanded in the longitudinal grooves 17-17' and that further expands laterally with the cement bearings 16, is pointed out. Figure 10 also shows in a scheme two special complementar modules of which the dotted line shows the respective shapes, exclusive of the parts wedged in between lines C-C and D-D; of the two modules, the upper one will be the last one in a wall with a floor for englobing its kerb, while the lower one will be on the first line suspended onto an opening, for forming a lintel with standstill slope. The full module for walls with high gradation curves, as shown in figure 11, has horizontal joints with circular expression 23 with straight pieces 33-33', having the function of a sheathing completing the circuit, insulated by cuts 20 and arranged so that they can be removed in those parts of the walls with the highest curving with the vertical tapping formed with arcs 29-30 projecting and re-entrant for a curve placing on the wall without a previous plugging on the wide side of the curve. The bent parts 29-30 show linings that may not necessarily joint one with the other and that have the function of a sheathing and which moreover are not needed if the material is rough and porous. Figure 12 shows the polyvalent of the preceding example, which also shows a solution with a module mixed with a polyvalent and a normal one, as it is provided with a limited number of side connections and of channel outlet points 28; the side connections shown in the figure have a quadruple grooving 31-31 so as to house the frontons with projecting arcs 29 as well as those with re- entered arcs 30. The rostra with circular expression 23'-23", that make up the horizontal tapping, form circular reliefs without impediments and therefore able to allow the superimposition of the modules in any gradation. The dotted lines show the edges of the female joint 11", the internal part of which is covered by said cement bearings 16. The variant of the combined module, with one side provided with hollow spaces and the other one full - shown in figue 13 - seems to be fitting for residential constructions in areas with saltness and cold, and the full side will be used turned outwards. The corresponding polyvalent module obviously consists of a coupling of two sides of a polyvalent module, one with hollow spaces and one full. The variant of mixed module according to figure 14 has the robustness of a full module and the moderate presence of holes not explicitly meant for cementation, i.e. the horizontal channels 4 and the vertical ones 3-32 meant for the placing of the pipes and service wires or also for cementation. This latter is an element mainly advisable for habitable constructions, realized with materials that are on their own insulating and which therfore do not need to be completely perforated; in the shown example, the tappings 24 are plane. For what concerns the nonconductivity, the compositive solution is provided for all modules of using special insulating materials used instead of said holes and/or hollow spaces - channels. Furthermore, in figure 13 the following details are shown: - horizontal channels 1-1' with lateral expansions 17-17, provided also for modules with hollow spaces; - vertical groovings 32 on the sides of the frontons meant to become, in use, further hollow spaces-holes 3. The corresponding polyvalent module is equal to the polyvalent module shown in figures 4 and 5, with the evident above described differences. The realization of half-modules is also provided, as well as the one of specific angular elements, like left angle - right angle, as well as the one of modules with one single side mass or perforated side, or with the sole essential walls, to the sides of the channels and holes that may be cemented 1-1' , 2-2' .

Claims: CLAIMS An improved system with modular elements for constructions , characterized in joint modules with flexible or ultra-flexible joint, alternative and/ or complementary to a system of rigid orthogonality, for the construction of stoneworks with curves and/or with acute or plane angles , and with a concrete network of small pillars and rafters , that can be possibly re i n f orc ed , laterally expanded until between the joints for the greatest sharing of the compression and the stresses of the resting planes of the module , comprising a modular element provided with hollow spaces , particularly provided with an edging of the horizontal female joint , obtained by a throttling of the holes and comprising at least one canalization transverse to the vertical holes , so as to make a combination right for the arrangement of the infrastructural services of the building and with the function of structural reserve if parts of the walls are to be reinforced, as it may be reinforced in vertical and horizontal sense , by means of pouring through the provided canalizations , and also comprising a plurality of deep grooves , arranged on the edges of the hollow spaces modules , a polyvalent modular element for angle situations, for heading or other, with a plurality of even lateral connection poles, with horizontal tappings separated in a plurality of projecting rostra, alternate to the combination of structural notchings on the modules, which are otherwise necessary for housing the joint-tappings of the transversally superimposed modules and that therefore may also be provided with joints for unlimited angulations, with a circuit of holes - hollow spaces that has been functionally conceived so that some of these may be one by one provided with canalization without that, during casting, the cement flow passes into the adjacent holes, and wherein the fronton may be transformed, during installation; and comprising complementar modules with special functions, like for a fitting resting of a floor englobing the kerb thereof and for a lintel with standstill slope, and characterized in: - vertical joints: - with coupled tappings, - with odd tappings for the quick assemblying of the modules, as the frontons are equal and polyvalent: - with bent frontons, for modules meant for walls with prevalence of curves, fitting for containing the cement casting on both sides of a stonework curving without the need of a preventive plugging of the gaps resulting in the external side of said curving; - horizontal joints: - with plane tapping for completely straight walls and, for what concerns the polyvalent module, with only orthogonal angles; - with prismatic tapping for straight as well as curved walls, with orthogonal and different angles; - with circular tapping for walls with a high number of curves and angles of any gradation, and for a correct straight and orthogonal placing; - horizontal tappings separated in a plurality of rostra; - corresponding females for the tappings. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in that the female of any of said horizontal joints consists of a grooving (11), perpendicularly opposite to any of the tappings (10, 23, 24) in any of the horizontal planes of the module, as said female consists of a couple of longitudinal, plane grooves (9, 9') arranged from fronton to fronton, and flanking on both sides a horizontal channel (1) or (1 ' ) that may be cemented, or the lateral expansions (17) or (17') thereof, whereby said expansions form further extremities that may be cemented, and fitted for receiving in use pieces of tappings and/or rostra of modules that are superimposed in a straight and/or in a curved line, freely sliding in longitudinal sense but, at the same time, linked to a perpendicular position for a quick and precise dry assemblying of the wall. 3. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in that the female of any of said horizontal joints follows, in a more or less restraining manner, the opposite tapping. 4. An improved system according to claim 1 adn according to an embodiment of the horizontal joint with prismatic tapping, characterized in prismatic shaped reliefs (10), longitudinally arranged on said module and having projections (A) and recesses (B) conveniently proportioned and arranged in such a way that, in use, said projections find a corresponding edge within said groovings (11, 11') of other modules, acting as a guide for a practical and perpendicular superimposition in a straight and/or curved line thereof and in this case having also the function of hinge pin in the grooves of two staggered modules, while said recesses (B) help the staggering with their compressible space. 5. An improved system according to claim 1 and according to an embodiment of a joint with circular tapping, characterized in: - two pairs of circular, opposite reliefs (23) according to an imaginary circle the centre of which is a hole (2) that may be cemented and the lacking part coincides with the groove that may be cemented; - substantially plane reliefs having the function of completing the sheathing-border around the groove that may be cemented, running along the same in the pieces free from the half-circles with connection pieces (33), from point to point, between flanked half-circles and prolongation pieces (33') between the latter and the frontons, while said circular and plane reliefs form, together with two continuous flanking tappings, the longitudinal part that may be cemented, helping, during the casting phase, to keep the pressure of the liquid cement preventing the passing of the same, and while said curve parts (23) being in use at tight contact with grooves (11, 11') of "the superimposed modules, in which they are restrained in lateral sense, remain freely sliding longitudinally and rotating aroung their own axis, thus allowing also the curve installation of the module until a determined fradation, limited by the impediment of the straight pieces or even without any limitation, if the impeding parts are eliminated and helped, in this, by the provided engravings (20) between the different pieces. 6. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a front-vertical joint for modules fitting for a straight as well as for a curve or very curve stonework, comprising re- entering arcs 29 and in projecting arcs 30, said arcs being arranged at the opposite frontons of a module and mainly mating in use if they are arranged in a straight as well as in a curve sequence, keeping an adherence between frontons also on the wide side of the stonework curve. 7. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in rostrum tappings with a prismatic shape (10, 10', 10"), a circular shape (23, 23', 23") or a plane-orthogonal shape (24, 24', 24"), arranged in the number of one, preferably two, and combined in any way on said polyvalent modules of which they form a fitting joint, with separate reliefs (10\ 10", 23', 23", 24', 24"), spaced out by resting planes for modules that can be superimposed transversally and arranged at the sides of horizontal channel (1) or of its lateral extensions (17) and on the edge of the close inlet of the channel, nearby one of the vertical holes ( 2 ) , with a corresponding grooving (11') arranged in the opposite plane of the module, consisting of two grooves flanking horizontal channel ( 1 ' ) or its lateral extensions (17'), from the front open inlet (9) until the closing near the close fronton, where a short transversal piece connects said grooves to one single channel circuit that can house in use said rostra and/or parts of ordinary tapping, freely sliding longitudinally until said piece of transversal groove. 8. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in: - a module with horizontal channels ( 1 , 1 ' ) and holes and vertical channels, respectively (2, 2'), for housing a cement casting forming, in use, a network of small pillars (13) and rafters (14) or (14') that may be possibly reinforced, and with notches that may be cemented, for realizing casting projections (15) between the hollow frontons (17) and the horizontal planes and the bearings (16) between the joints; - a plurality of holes - hollow spaces (3), connected by channesl (4) for improving the thermic nonconductivity, for housing the service pipings, for being used as a structural force reserve and for being used for further cement reinforcement; - one or more lateral groovings (5, 6), (5', 6'), for the external sealing cementation of the hollow spaces, for guaranteeing a safe and capillar resting to the small peripheric walls of the modules and conveniently insulating the hollow spaces, for improving the nonconductivity and the hydro-hygrometric seal, specially when there is no plaster on a face-sight wall; - an anatomic edging (18) around the female groove-joint (11), that allows to keep the volumes of the small central walls of the modules in balance, without the need of increasing them on all the line; - horizontal joints (10, 23, 24), - vertical joints (7-7), (8-8), (7-8), (7'-8'), (29-30); - central abutments (12). 9. An improved system according to claim 1, comprising a polyvalent module that may replace a plurality of accessory modules, as it is provided with connection means in the frontons - one of which is closed - as well as in the lateral walls, characterized in hollow spaces perforations (3, 19), so as to allow a precise continuity between channel (1, 1') of the possible connected modules, and the one of the belonging module, without that the casting flow passes in the hollow spaces holes (3) arranged nearby those having the function of connecting bridge (19). 10. An improved system according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in a module having: - connections for the manifold directions, each one consisting of a pair of vertical joints (8- 8), (7-8), (7-7), (29-30), (31-31); - ordinary hollow spaces - holes (3); - hollow spaces - holes (19) that may be used as channels; - horizontal hollow spaces channels (4), only in pieces arranged with small walls (22) between the channels, if they are to be concerned with a cement casting or with the placing of pipings ore reinforcements; - a horizontal tapping which, for allowing the transversal and angular superimposition of the modules, consists of two separate tappings - said rostra - of the prismatic kind (10', 10"), of the circular kind (23', 23") or also of the plane kind (24', 24"), or combined in any way; - a plurality of cuts (20), - a corresponding grooving (11') with connected grooves; - a network of channels (1, 1') that may be cemented, closed on one front side; - vertical holes and channels (2, 2' ); - edgins (18) of the female groove-joint (11'); - lateral groovings (5), continuous also on the edge of the close fronton; - hollow spaces - holes (19) that may be used as channels, arranged nearby and corresponding to vertical holes (2) that may be cemented; - small diaphragm walls (21, 21'), arranged with engravings (20), that may be eliminated by means of a hammer blow or similar, if the complete channel continuity with the combined transverse modules is requested; - central abutments (12). 11. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in the realization of a wall provided with hollow spaces (3, 19), (4, 4'), meant for the installation of service (S) pipes and wires and for housing iron (F) and cement casting (X), as well as the special groovings (1, 1'), (2, 2'), having the function of structural reserve, and allowing an automatic extension of the use features of the modules, increasing their functionality like in the lintel. 12. An improved system according to claim 1 for the installation of a plurality of modules, characterized in horizontal channels (1, 1') and vertical holes and channels (2, 2') and fitting lateral notches (9, 9', 17, 17', 16) forming a cement network with crossed seams (13, 14, 14') balanced in the reciprocal volumes and linked to the modules in the following parts: - in the internal parts, between reciprocal windings with the projections between the holes inside the channels; - in the peripheric parts, with the front projections 15 arranged between the grooved frontons 17 and between the horizontal planes and the bearings 16 between the joints; - winding the possible reinforcement irons with a uniform cement sheathing along all of their length in vertical as well as in horizontal sense. 13. An improved system according to claims 1 and 2, comprising a module provided with solidly integrated side masses and central parts, characterized in: - holes (2) that may be cemented and vertical channels (2') linked with the front notches (9, 9' ), and said horizontal channels (1, 1' ) having lateral longitudinal extensions into said notches (17, 17') and said cement bearings (16) between the joints; - hooking means (27) on said notches (9, 9'), (17, 17'); - a multidirection joint with horizontal tappings with a prismatic shape (10) of the edges and an underlying groove-joint (11); - a vertical sheathing-joint with alternate tappings and groovings (7-8), (7'-8'), that make the frontons polyvalent in use. 14. An improved system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in a module provided with a horizontal joint with prismatic tapping (17) and with a vertical joint with coupled groovings and tappings (7-7), (8-8). 15. An improved system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in a module for walls with high gradation curves, comprising: - horizontal joints with circular expression (23) with sheathing pieces (33, 33'), or with separate rostra (23'); - vertical joints formed by projecting and re- entered arcs (29-30), meant for a curve placing on the wall without the need of a preventing plugging on the wide side of the curve; - vertical holes and channels (2, 2' ); - horizontal channels (1, 1'); - at least one notch that may be cemented (9, 9', 17, 17', 16). 16. An improved system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in a module comprising horizontal tappings with circular expression (23) and a vertical joint with coupled tappings (7-7), (8-8) or differentiated tappings (7-8), (7'-8' ) . 17. An improved system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in a module comprising a horizontal joint with prismatic expresion (10) and a vertical joint with front arcs (29-30). 18. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a complementar polyvalent module, comprising: - a horizontal joint consisting of at least one or a pair of separate rostra (10', 10", 23', 23", 24', 24"), combined in any way; - a corresponding grooving-joint (11') with connected grooves; - removable projections (28) for the provided channel openings, helped by convenient engravings (20); - horizontal channels (1, 1') closed on one front side; - vertical holes and channel (2, 2' ) ; - horizontal notches (17, 17'); - vertical notch (9); - a plurality of connections on the sides and on the frntons, one of which is closed, with any of the provided kinds of vertical joints (8-8), (7- 8), (7-7), (29-30), (31-31). 19. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a module of the combined kind with one side provided with hollow spaces and the other one full, and in the corresponding polyvalent module, consisting of the coupling of two sides of a polyvalent module with hollow spaces and a full one. 20. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a mixed module with a moderate number of holes not particularly meant for cementation - i.e. vertical canalizations (4) and horizontal canalizations (3) - meant for the placing of pipings and service wires, and in the corresponding polyvalent module. 21. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a polyvalent module according to any of the claims 9, 10, 18, 19 and 20, further provided with a convenient combination and/or arrangement of he holes - hollow spaces (3, 19) and/or of breaking means (26) for its possible transformation by removal of parts during installation, for obtaining a module with a fronton that may be shaped variously. 22. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a polyvalent module provided with rostra. 23 . An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a special module provided with passing hollow spaces (3, 19) and/or with hollow spaces closed at least at one extremity. 24. An improved system according to claims 1, 8, 9 , 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, characterized in a module provided with a transversal slit (25) and in breaking lines (26), so that it can be devided in two halves. 25. An improved system accoding to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the female of the joint in any of the provided modules has a print freely following the shape of the tapping. 26. An improved system according to claims 1, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23 and 24, characterized in a special module comprising, in a combination, details of the preceding claims. 27. An improved system according to all preceding claims, for the realization of a stonework provided with a cement network comprising small pillars (13) and rafters (14, 14') that may be possibly reinforced, that passes through the hole work in any of its development, also with many curves and/or with self-carrying suspended parts, characterized in modules provided, in all, with one or more kinds of horizontal-vertical joints, and with the composing elements having and ordinary and polyvalent peculiarity for the angle, heading or other solution, each comprising: - any of the horizontal tappings (10, 23, 24) or part of it and/or at least one rostrum (10'- 10"), (23 '-23"), (24'-24"); - any of the vertical front joint combinations (7- 7), (8-8), (7-8), (7'-8'), (29-30); - an open grooving-joint (11) or a grooving-joint (11') closed on the front side; - horizontal channesl (1, 1' ) that may be cemented, running in from one or form both frontons; - at least one of the notches (9-9' ), (17-17' ), (16); - at least one vertical hole and/or one vertical channel (2, 2') that may be cemented; - at least one full side and/or one side provided with hollow space(s) - channel(s) (4, 32) and/or with holes - hollow spaces (3, 19); - at least one lateral connection pole (8-8), (7- 7), (7-8), (31-31) and corresponding removable wall(s) (21, 21' ) or (28), for the polyvalent modules and/or the special modules. 28. An improved system according to claim 1, characterized in a module with two or more canalization and holes that may be cemented for the realization of a stonework comprising a multiple -cement network with small, flanked pillars (13) and rafters (14, 14'), forming a plurality of parallel networks along the wall and possibly connected by transversal channels.

Inventors: PALAMARA GIOVANNI, PALAMARA ROCCO, PALAMARA, GIOVANNI, PALAMARA, ROCCO
Applicants: PALAMARA GIOVANNI, PALAMARA ROCCO, PALAMARA, GIOVANNI, PALAMARA, ROCCO
Application year: 1995
Main classification: E04B2
IPC codes: E04B2