A STACKABLE BLOCK SYSTEM

Abstract: A system of stacking blocks comprises box-shaped blocks whose upper side is provided with one or more coupling knobs in a uniform pattern with a mutual firm modular distance, and whose underside is provided with complementary coupling means, so that the stacking blocks can be coupled together. According to the invention, the coupling knobs, at least partly, define a rotationally symmetrical surface which has an upwardly rounded or tapering shape to provide guide faces for the complementary coupling means. The largest tranverse dimension of the surface of a block having just one coupling knob is smaller than or equal to the difference between the corresponding diameter of the coupling knobs and twice the modular distance. This provides a stacking block system which, to a greater degree than known before, involves different degrees of difficulty for the positioning and orientation of the blocks during stacking, depending upon the number of coupling knobs on the stacking blocks.

Description: A stackable block system The present invention concerns a stacking block system comprising box-shaped blocks whose upper side is provided with one or more coupling knobs arranged in a uniform pattern with a mutual firm modular distance, and whose underside is provided with complementary coupling means. Such building block or stacking block systems are avail- able today in numerous different embodiments, in particu¬ lar with a view to the building of structures by means of the blocks. The knobs on most of the known systems are mostly plane on the surface, which impedes mounting of a block on top of another, since the two blocks are to be positioned relatively accurately with respect to each other for the coupling knobs and the complementary coup¬ ling means to engage. German Offenlegungsschrift DE 42 12 492 discloses a building block system which overcomes the above-mentioned drawback, since the blocks are upwardly provided with coupling knobs which are rounded at the sur¬ face, thereby forming a guide face which ensures easy positioning of the blocks with respect to each other when these are to be joined. The object of the present invention is to provide a stack¬ ing block system which, to a higher degree than the known ones, provides blocks which are simple to stack, in parti¬ cular for small children, i.e. children under 2-3 years of age. Another object of the present invention is to provide such a stacking block system as provides a number of dif¬ ferent degrees of difficulty with respect to coupling or stacking blocks on top of each other. This is achieved with a stacking block system of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph in that the coupling knobs, at least partly, form a rotationally symmetrical surface which has an upwardly rounded or tapering shape, thereby forming a guide face for the complementary coup¬ ling means, and that the greatest transverse dimension of the base face of a block having a coupling knob is smaller than or equal to the difference between the diameter and the coupling knobs and twice the modular distance. This provides very varying degrees of difficulty for the stacking of blocks in the system. Thus, a block having just one coupling knob, when positioned on another block, will be freely rotatable on the other block, no matter how many knobs are provided on the second block, and no matter where the first block is placed on the second block. This contributes to making a stacking block having one knob ex¬ tremely easy to stack on top of another block, since this just requires positioning of the block to be stacked on top of the other with respect to a coupling knob on the other block. Thus, when a block having just one coupling knob is to be stacked, no orientation of the block is required with re¬ spect to the underlying block. However, this circumstance changes as soon as a block having two knobs is to be stacked on top of another block, since this requires a certain orientation and simultaneous positioning of the block to be stacked on top of another block. The require¬ ment with respect to the accuracy of the orientation in¬ creases with an increasing number of knobs in a straight row on the block to be stacked on top of another block. The stacking block system may have different patterns for the positioning of the coupling knobs, but a preferred embodiment is defined in claim 2, in which it is stated that the coupling knobs are arranged in a square pattern. The guide faces on the coupling knobs may have a wide range of different embodiments, it being preferred, how¬ ever, as stated in claim 3, that upwardly the coupling knobs approximately form a ball face or a dome face. This results in softly rounded knobs, so that there are no sharp edges owing to the safety during play. Claim 4 defines an embodiment of the invention in which the lower part of the coupling knobs is substantially formed by a cylinder face. The embodiment defined in claim 5 provides the largest possible diameter of the coupling knobs, which is advan¬ tageous in terms of strength as well as appearance. Claims 6 and 7 define special embodiments of the present invention, in which the side walls of the complementary coupling means and the blocks, respectively, are formed by flanges which extend from the upper part of the block and downwardly. This provides a stacking block which can be produced in a simple manner in an injection mould, it being easy to obtain suitable slip angles and the like. Owing to the stability, the stacking blocks may be pro- vided with supporting ribs, as stated in claim 8, which stiffen the side walls of the block and the coupling skirt with respect to each other. Since the present invention is particularly contemplated for the small age groups, the embodiment defined in claim 9 is particularly advantageous, because the blocks are not to be assembled and separated with a frictional coupling force. Claim 10 defines particularly expedient embodiments, in which the coupling knobs on the stacking blocks have a size with a diameter larger than 2 cm and smaller than 5 cm, thereby providing a suitable gripping face for the hands of children in the target group stated above. The invention will be explained more fully below by means of embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a perspective view of a stacking block having one knob according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective bottom view of the stacking block of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective top view of a stacking block ac- cording to the invention having two knobs. Fig. 4 is a perspective bottom view of the stacking block of fig. 3. Fig. 5 shows a stacking block, seen straight from above, which has eight knobs, and on which a stacking block of fig. 1 and a stacking block of fig. 3 are positioned. Fig. 1 thus shows a stacking block 1 having a single knob 2. The knob 2 is provided centrally on the square top face 3. The square top face 3 is defined by four side faces 4, so that the square top face 3 and the side faces 4 form a box-shaped body part on the stacking block 1. The knob 2 is downwardly shaped as a circular symmetrical cylinder, optionally with a slight cone which narrows the knob 2 up¬ wardly. The top face of the knob 2 is here shaped as part of a ball shell, thereby imparting an appearance with very round shapes to the knob. The very round shapes on the knob 2 hereby provide a good gripping face for a child's hand, and there are no sharp edges which may be unpleasant to step on, fall on or the like. Fig. 2 shows the same stacking block as is shown in fig. 1, however seen in perspective from below to illustrate the inner shape of the stacking block. As will be seen, the stacking block 1 has an inner tubular flange 5 which extends from the square surface 3 of the stacking block 1 downwardly through the interior of the stacking block. The tubular flange 5 is open downwardly at the opening 6, and the tubular flange 5 has a diameter which is slightly larger than the diameter of the knob 2, which enables stacking of the elements on top of each other by moving the tubular flange 5 down over the knob 2, whereby two stacking blocks of the shown type are positioned with re¬ spect to each other. In this stacking process, the rounded shape of the top face of the knob 2 causes the tubular flange 5 to be guided down over the knob 2 into position, whereby two stacking blocks to be stacked are positioned in a simple manner with respect to each other. Further, as is shown in fig. 2, the stacking blocks 1 may be provided with stiffening ribs 7 which stiffen the tubu¬ lar flange 5 with respect to the side walls 4. This en¬ sures that the element has a great strength with respect to the consumption of material. As shown in fig. 2, the side walls 4, the tubular flange 5 and the stiffening ribs 7 may extend in parallel in the same direction, so that the stacking block 1 is extremely simple and inexpensive to produce in a plastics injection mould, since no core pull or the like is required. Fig. 3 shows another stacking block 8 according to the in¬ vention, which differs from the one shown in figs. 1 and 2 in particular in that the stacking block 8 is provided with two knobs 9 and 10, and that the stacking block 8 has approximately twice the size of the stacking block 1 ac- cording to figs. 1 and 2. Thus, the stacking block 8 is in reality a doubling of the stacking block 1 according to figs. 1 and 2, as is common in e.g. constructional build¬ ing sets having building blocks. Thus, according to the invention, it is possible to produce stacking blocks hav¬ ing many different shapes and dimensions, in terms of width and length as well as height. Thus, a stacking block system according to the invention may comprise numerous different such embodiments. Fig. 4 shows the same stacking block as fig. 3, however seen in perspective from below, there being provided two identical tubular flanges 11 and 12 which have the same function as the tubular flange 5 in fig. 2. In fig. 5, the advantages of the present invention are illustrated with a drawing showing a plate element 13 ac¬ cording to the invention which is provided with eight coupling knobs 14 arranged in a square pattern in two rows of four knobs. A stacking block 1 of fig. 1 and a stacking block 8 of fig. 3 are placed on top of the plate element 13. As will be seen, it is possible to place the stacking block 1 with one knob 2 on the building plate 13 in any orientation. The rounded surfaces of the knobs 14 additio¬ nally ensure that the positioning of the stacking block 1 does not have to be particularly accurate, since the stacking block is automatically guided into position and is positioned correctly in the stacking process. Thus, small children are to perform a very small effort motori- cally when stacking the stacking block 1 on another ele¬ ment according to the invention. However, the stacking block 8 having two knobs 9 and 10, if it is to be positioned as shown in fig. 5, require a greater accuracy in the orientation of the stacking block 8 before it is placed on top of the plate element 13. A somewhat finer motor function is required for this, so that the stacking block system of the invention provides varying degrees of difficulty for the stacking of the stacking blocks. Additionally, the requirements with re¬ spect to the motor function of the child increase, if blocks having three knobs or four, or five, etc. are stacked. In a preferred embodiment there is no coupling force be¬ tween the coupling elements, i.e. the coupling knobs and the tubular flanges of complementary shape, which in par- ticular means that stacking blocks 1 having one knob 2 are extremely easy to rotate in their position after stacking, so that the requirements with respect to the orientation of stacking blocks 1 having one knob 2 on another element, several side by side, are relatively small, because, in most situations, a given stacking block 1 having one knob 2 will rotate into position by itself and thus assume the correct orientation, if an additional stacking block is to be placed at the side of the first one. As will appear from the foregoing, the present invention is particularly contemplated for small children, and the preferred dimensions of the system are therefore such that the modular distance, i.e. the distance between two opposed sides 4 on the stacking block 1 having one knob 2, is in the range 3 to 7 cm, and the diameter of the knobs of the stacking blocks is in the range from 2 to 5 cm. Then, owing to their size, the coupling knobs provide an extremely good gripping face for a child's hand, so that it is easy to lift a stacking block by gripping the coup- ling knob, although the stacking block is surrounded at the sides by other stacking blocks or the like. It is clear that numerous different embodiments of stack¬ ing block systems according to the invention may be pro- vided, without departing from the idea of the invention. Thus, the coupling knobs may be shaped in many different ways, thereby also providing guide faces on the surface of the coupling knobs which facilitats coupling of the blocks. In addition, the coupling knobs and the tubular flanges of complementary shape may be arranged in a pat¬ tern other than the shown one, such as a triangular pat¬ tern, without departing from the basic idea of the inven¬ tion.

Claims: P a t e n t C l a i m s 1. A stacking block system comprising box-shaped blocks whose upper side is provided with one or more coupling knobs arranged in a uniform pattern with a mutual firm modular distance, and whose underside is provided with complementary coupling means, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that at least partly the coupling knobs form a rotatio- nally symmetrical surface, which has an upwardly rounded or tapering shape to form guide faces for the complemen¬ tary coupling means, and that the greatest transverse di¬ mension of the surface of a block having just one coupling knob is smaller than or equal to the difference between the corresponding diameter of the coupling knobs and twice the modular distance. 2. A stacking block system according to claim 1, c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that the coupling knobs are ar- ranged in a square pattern. 3. A stacking block system according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the coupling knobs up¬ wardly have an approximately spherical shape. 4. A stacking block system according to claim 3, c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that the lower part of the coup¬ ling knobs substantially forms a cylinder face. 5. A stacking block system according to claim 3 or 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the greatest transverse dimension is equal to the difference between the corres¬ ponding diameter of the coupling knobs and twice the modu¬ lar distance. 6. A stacking block system according to one of the pre¬ ceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the com¬ plementary coupling means are formed by a substantially cylindrical coupling face which extends in the interior of the block from the underside of the block and upwardly. 7. A stacking block system according to claims 4, 5 and 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the cylindrical coupling face is formed by a coupling skirt, and that the side walls of the block are formed by flanges which extend from the underside of the block and upwardly approximately in parallel with the coupling skirt. 8. A stacking block system according to claim 7, c h a - r a c t e r i z e d in that supporting ribs are provided between the flanges which form the side walls of the block and the coupling skirt. 9. A stacking block system according to one of the pre- ceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the coupling knobs and the corresponding complementary coup¬ ling means have a dimension so that they do not provide a frictional coupling force when they are coupled together. 10. A stacking block system according to one of the pre¬ ceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the coupling knobs have a diameter which is larger than 2 cm and smaller than 5 cm.

Inventors: FREDERIKSEN JESPER BO, FREDERIKSEN, JESPER, BO
Applicants: FREDERIKSEN JESPER BO, INTERLEGO AG, LEGO AS, FREDERIKSEN, JESPER, BO, LEGO A/S
Application year: 1995
Main classification: A63H33
IPC codes: A63H33