METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING SEAL PORTION OF TUBULAR BODY OF SYNTHETIC RESIN

Abstract: When a tubular body containing a synthetic resin material of a high gas-barrier quality is heated and fused, heat may decompose and foam the material. A projecting end portion (3) of an end (2) of a tubular body (1) is heated and fused, and is compressed and diminished in volume to be compression molded into a seal portion (5) of a desired shape whereby the seal portion (5) is increased in density and formed into a desired shape.

Description: The invention relates to a method for forming a seal portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 as well as to an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 4. Such a method as well as an apparatus for performing the method is known from PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 173 (M-232) & JP 58 076214 A, wherein the heated and fused seal portion is folded and doubled. US-A-4 325 767 discloses an apparatus for sealing heat sealable material with a single actuation drive train, wherein the drive train comprises a series of gripping, heating and squeezing elements directly actuable and sequentially staged in conjunction with excentric linkages. In this case no flattened projecting portion of a tubular body is provided. US-A-3 063 890 discloses an apparatus for and a method of sealing thermoplastic tubes, wherein opposed elongated gripping jaws are provided which are arranged to be moved inwardly or toward each other to grip therebetween the upper open end of a tube and to bring the opposed walls of the tube together in a straight line. Further heat sealing jaws are provided as well as setting jaws which engage the softened seal flange immediately after the heat sealing jaws are disengaged. By this procedure sidewardly projecting portions of the seal flange are generated. GB-A-2 028 224 discloses a jaw sealing assembly for forming sealed packages from a tubular web, wherein the jaws are provided with teeth to form crimp seals and with recesses to accomodate a knife plate for cutting off the sealed portion provided between the jaws. According to a further prior art, a seal portion of synthetic resin made tubular body is formed as follows. The end portion of the tubular body is pressed by a pair of clamps from its front and back directions until it becomes flat. Then, the end portion which is projected from the clamps is heated and fused by a heater. Thereafter, the end portion is pressed from its front and the back directions and sealed by a sealing mold. According to the prior art, the seal portion of a synthetic resin made tubular body is formed by being pressed with the sealing mold after being heated and fused. Therefore, side projecting portions are undesirably formed at both sides of the seal portion 5 which is the lowest part of the tubular body 1 (but shown as the top portion in Figures), as shown in Fig. 15. According to the prior art, the seal portion is formed as the projecting end portion is pressed by the sealing mold after being fused by the heater. Therefore, some fused synthetic resin at the end portion of the tubular body freely flows and comes out of the mold, forming an irregular thick portion as shown in Fig. 16. Further, since the projecting side portions are projectedly formed at both sides of the the seal portion, fingers may be hurt by them while users are using the tube. Further, the seal portion is formed by the sealing mold as described above, so that it is shaped such as shown in Fig. 15. It is impossible to form the seal portion an any desired shape such as one, for example, comprising a hunger portion for being hunged on a bar. According to the prior art, the seal portion is formed simply by being pressed by the sealing mold after being fused, so that the adhesive strength of the seal portion is not firm enough. Therefore, in case a substance with higher viscosity is filled in the tube, the seal portion would easily be teared when an user squeezes the substance out of the tube. Then, the substance may be squeezed from the teared seal portion. Further, when the tubular body is composed of plural layers of high gas-barrier quality sythetic resin, the synthetic resin decomposes and foams by an effect of heat while sealing the seal portion. This would cause a leak of a substance out of the tube. The invention is to resolve those problems. Therefore, the object of the invention is to increase density of the seal portion and to form the seal portion a desired shape. This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claims 1, 2 and 4. A method for forming seal portion of tubular body of synthetic resin according to the invention comprises the following process. First, clamp an end portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin flat by a pair of clamps. Then, heat and fuse a projecting end portion which is a portion projected out of the clams. Finally, press the projecting end portion to form into a desired shape of seal portion, while reducing a cubic volume of the projecting end portion by 0.65 ∼0.80 times. Another method for forming seal portion of tubular body of synthetic resin according to the invention comprises the following process. First, clamp an end portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin flat by a pair of clamps. Second, heat and fuse a projecting end portion which is a portion projected out of the clams. Finally, press the projecting end portion to form into a desired shape of seal portion, while reducing and restricting decomposition and foam of the synthetic resin. Prior to pressing the projecting end portion into the seal portion, it is desirable that the side projecting portions are bent inside. The side projecting portions are formed protrudely from both side of the projecting end portion while the projecting end portion is heated and fused. It is also desirable that each of the side projecting portions is bent at a line about 0 ∼0.5 mm inside from the edge of the flattened end portion. Apparatus for forming seal portion of tubular body of synthetic resin according to the invention comprises a pair of clamps, a heater, a bend means and press mold means. The clamps clamp an end portion of tubular body of synthetic resin flat. The heater heats and fuses a projecting end portion which projectes from the clamps. The bend means bends the fused side projecting portions of the projecting end portion toward the center thereof. The press mold means presses the projecting end portion, which comprises inwardly bent side projecting portions, and forms it into a seal portion. The bend means may comprise an outer jig and an inner jig. The outer jig is capable of sliding above one of the clamps toward the projecting end portion. The outer jig comprises a right angled concave mold at its front portion facing to the projecting end portion. The concave mold has a width which is the same as or a little shorter than a width of the flattened end portion. The inner jig is capable of sliding above the other clamp toward the projecting end portion. The inner jig comprises a projected mold at its front portion facing to the projecting end portion. The projected mold has a width which is such that it does not disturb the bending formation of the side projecting portions in the concaved mold of the outer jig. It is desirable that a width of the concaved mold of the outer jig is less than 1 mm shorter than a width of flattened end portion. The press mold means may comprise a concave jig and a convex jig. The concave jig is capable of sliding above one of the clamps toward the projecting end portion. The concave jig comprises a concaved mold at its front portion facing to the projecting end portion. The concaved mold has a width which is the same as or a little wider than that of the projecting end portion which has bent side projecting portions. The convex jig is capable of sliding above the other clamp toward the projecting end portion. The convex jig comprises a projected mold at its front portion facing to the projecting end portion. The projected mold engages with the concaved mold of the concave jig so tightly that no burr is formed while the projecting end portion is pressed in the concaved mold of the concave jig. A function of the invention is as follows. First, the end portion of a synthetic resin made tubular body is pressed flat by a pair of clamps from its front and back directions. Each clamp has a flat surface which faces to the tubular body. A projecting end portion which is the edge portion of the end portion of the tubular body is projected out of the clamps. Then, the projecting end portion is heated by a heater and is fused. As the projecting end portion is fused, it becomes so weak that it is bent easily. Then, the fused projecting end portion is positioned in a mold and is pressed until the cubic volume thereof is reduced by 0.65 ∼0.80 times. The mold has a certain desired molding space, so that the seal portion can be formed into a desired shape. The seal portion is formed by being pressed and reduced in volume by 0.65∼0.80 times, so that the seal portion is considerably increased in density. Therefore, the seal portion is firmly sticked and sealed. When the tubular body is made of synthetic resin having high gas barrier such as polyamide resin, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer resin and polyvinylidene chloride system copolymer resin, such synthetic resin decomposes and foams as the projecting end portion is heated and fused. However, the projecting end portion is pressed by the press mold means so hard that the foam produced in the resin is reduced in size and number, and that the seal portion, the final product of the projecting end portion, does not include continuous foam. As the projecting end portion is heated by the heater and is fused, a side projecting portion is formed at each side of the projecting end portion. The width of the projecting end portion including the side projecting portions is longer than that of the end portion. Therefore, before the projecting end portion is pressed by the press mold means, the side projecting portions should be bent inward. It makes possible to form such seal portion that does not have any projecting portions at its side. The press mold means presses the projecting end portion after the side projecting portions are bent inward and it forms a seal portion. The press mold means reduces the projecting end portion in volume by 0.65 ∼0.80 times and forms the seal portion. Further, the press mold means presses the projecting end portion and reduces the foam which is produced in the resin in size and number. The molding space of the press mold means should be so tight that it does not produce burr around the edge of the seal portion, and it forms the seal portion a desired shape. The reason that the projecting end portion is reduced in volume by 0.65∼0.80 times is such that when it is more than 0.65 times, burr will be formed around the edge of the seal portion and a thickness of the seal portion becomes too thin and the mechanical strength of the seal portion may be weakened. On the other hand, when it is less than 0.80 times, the seal portion cannot be pressed firmly enough to stick and seal the seal portion resistable against any outer force. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1(a) is a top view showing an end portion of a synthetic resin made tubular body, and Fig. 1(b) is an elevational view thereof. Fig. 2(a) is a top view of the tubular body shown in Fig. 1, showing that the end portion of the tubular body being pressed flat. Fig. 2(b) is an elevational view of the tubular body shown in Fig. 2(a). Fig. 3 is an elevational view showing the end portion of the tubular body being heated by a heater. Fig. 4(a) is a top view showing the end portion as the heating process is almost completed, and Fig. 4(b) is an elevational view thereof. Fig. 5 is a side elevational view showing the heating process shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6(a) is a top view showing a projecting end portion of the tubular body being bent by a bend means, and Fig. 6(b) is an elevational view thereof. Fig. 7(a) is a top view showing the projecting end portion being pressed by a press mold means, and Fig. 7(b) is an elevational view thereof in which a convex jig is excluded. Fig. 8 is an elevational view showing a seal portion. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional side elevation view of the seal portion shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a graph showing a puncture test date of the seal portion of a tubular body having a single layer according to the present invention in camparison to the prior art. Fig. 11 is a graph showing a puncture test date of the seal portion of a tubular body having plural layers according to the present invention in camparison to the prior art. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a piece of the tubular body used for a tensile strength test. Fig. 13 is a graph showing a tensile strength test data of the seal portion of the tubular body having a single layer according to the present invention in comparison to the prior art. Fig. 14 is a graph showing a tensile strength test data of the seal portion of the tubular body having plural layers according to the present invention in comparison to the prior art. Fig. 15 is an elevational view of a seal portion of a tubular body according to the present invention. Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional side elevation view of the seal portion shown in Fig. 15. Preferred embodiment of the invention A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below referring to the drawings. Fig. 1(a) shows a top view of a tubular body 1 of synthetic resin, and Fig. 1(b) shows an end portion 2 of the tubular body 1. First, as shown in Fig. 2(a) and 2(b), the end portion 2 of the tubular body 1 is clamped by a pair of clamps 9 from its front and back directions, while the projecting end portion 3 is projected out of the clamps 9. By this, the projecting end portion 3 becomes flat. Then, as shown in Fig. 3, the projecting end portion 3 is heated and fused by a heater 10, while the projecting end portion 3 is still clamped by the clamps 9. The heater 10 comprises a cover 11 which controls the radiant heat of the heater to beam toward the projecting end portion 3. By this heating process, the projecting end portion 3 is half fused and deformed as shown in Fig. 4(a) that a widley opened portion at normal condition by elasticity of resin is closed. Also, as shown in Fig. 4(b), the height of the projecting end portion 3 is shortened by 1/2 to 1/3 times, producing side projecting portions 4 at both sides thereof. Further, as shown in Fig. 5, a thickness of the projecting end portion 3 increases. A heating temperature and a heating time of the projecting end portion 3 by the heater 10 should be determined depending on property and chemical structure of synthetic resin. In general, the projecting end portion 3 is heated for about 8 to 10 seconds to heat up the edge thereof to 180 ∼250 °C. As shown in Fig. 6, immediately after the heating process of the projecting end portion 3 by the heater 10 is completed, both of the side projecting portions 4 are bent inwardly by a bend means 12. The bend means 12 comprises an outer jig 14 and an inner jig 13. The outer jig 14 is capable of moving perpendicular to the surface of the tubular body 1 above one of the clamps 9. The inner jig 13 is also capable of moving perpendicular to the tubular body 1 and it engages with the outer jig 14. The outer jig 14 comprises a concaved mold portion at its front. The width of the mold portion is the same as or less (about 1 mm at most) than that of the flattened end portion 2. The inner jig 13 comprises a projected mold portion at its front, which is inserted into the concaved mold portion of the outer jig 14. The width of the projected mold portion is less than the width determined by subtracting doubled thickness of the side projecting portion 4 from the width of the concaved mold portion of the outer jig 14. As the width of the projected mold of the inner jig 13 is determined as described above, the side projecting portions 4 can be bent without being damaged. The outer jig 14 and the inner jig 13 are both slided toward the projecting end portion 3 which is clamped by the clamps 9 and is fused, and the projected mold portion of the inner jig 13 engages with the concaved mold portion of the outer jig 14, pressing the projecting end portion 3 in between the molds and bending the side projecting portions 4 inwardly. The inner jig 13 and the outer jig 14 are both cooled prior to the bending process. A time required for this bending process is only 0.2∼ 0.3 seconds. As shown in Fig. 6(a), it is arranged that only the side projecting portions 4 make actual contact with the inner jig 13 and the outer jig 14. Further, it is arranged that a line which is 0∼0.5 mm inside from the edge of the flattened end portion 2 is pressed and bent. Such arrangement described above is performed to maintain the side projecting portions 4 in a bent position until the projecting end portion 3 is carried into a press mold means 15. To smoothly insert the projecting end portion 3 into a mold of a concave jig 17 of the press mold means 15, it is desired that the side projecting portions 4 keep their positions in bent posture. That is, it is arranged that only the side projecting portions 4 make direct contact with the cooled bend means 12, while the remaining portion of the projecting end portion 3 does not, to cool and solidify only the surface of the side projecting portions 4 in order to keep the side projecting portions 4 in bent positions temporarily. By doing so, at the time the end portion 3 is carried into the press mold means 15, the side projecting portions 4 are again fused effected by heat of a portion surrounding the side projecting portions, so that the projecting end portion 3 is smoothly placed into the press mold means 15 and is easily molded. As shown in Fig. 7, the projecting end portion 3 comprising the side projecting portions 4 at both sides thereof at bent positions is quickly molded into a desired seal portion 5 by the press mold means 15. The press mold means 15 comprises a concave jig 17 and a convex jig 16. The concave jig 17 is positioned above one of the clamps 9 capable of sliding perpendicular to the tubular body 1. It comprises a depressed mold at its front which faces to the projecting end portion 3. The width of the depressed mold is the same or little wider than that of the projecting end portion 3 which comprises the side projecting portions 4 in bent positions. However, the width of the depressed mold is never wider than that of the end portion 2 in flat posture. The convex jig 16 is positioned above the other clamp 9 capable of sliding toward the concave jig 17. It comprises a bulged mold at its front, which tightly engages into the depressed mold of the concave jig 17. Therefore, no burres are made up around the edge of the seal portion 5 in the deprssed mold of the concave jig 17 when the projecting end portion 3 is molded into the seal portion 5. According to an embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the width of the depressed mold of the concave jig 17 and the bulged mold of the convex jig 16 is the same as the width of the flattely pressed end portion 2. The depressed mold of the concave jig 17 comprises round surfaces at its top corners as shown in Fig. 7(b). Further, the width of the depressed mold of the concave jig 17 is arranged little wider than that of the projecting end portion 3 comprising side projecting portions, so that the projecting end portion 3 can be smoothly put in the depressed mold of the concave jig 17. The projecting end portion 3 is positioned in between the concave jig 17 and the convex jig 16, and both jigs 17, 16 slide toward the projecting end portion 3. The projecting end portion 3 is then pushed into the depressed mold of the concave jig 17 by the projected mold of the convex jig 16. It is pressed by the molds by force of about 30 Kgf, while being cooled by the jigs 17, 16, and is formed into a seal portion 5. The projecting end portion 3 is press molded by the press mold means 15 for about 0.5 seconds and is molded into the seal portion 5. At the same time, it is cooled by the means 15 to about 60 °C∼80°C. After the seal portion 5 is released from the press mold means 15, it is further cooled down to the atmosphere temperature by such as air. Fig. 8 shows a seal portion 5 formed by the press mold means 15. The width of the seal portions 5 is the same as that of the end portion 2, making continuous smooth lines at both sides of the tubular body 1. The both corners of the seal portion 5 are formed circular and the top edge thereof is straight forward and smooth. Fig. 9 shows an enlarged sectional view of a seal portion 5 of a tubular body 1 molded according to the invention. The tubular body 1 is composed of an inner layer 6 and an outer layer 8, both made of low-density polyethlene resin, and a middle layer 7 positioned in between the inner layer 6 and the outer layer 8. The middle layer 7 is made of ethlene vinyl alcohol copolymer resin. In between each layer 6, 7, 8, an adhesive layer is fixed (not shown in Fig. 9). Fig. 16 shows a seal portion 5 of a tubular body 1 according to the prior art, in which the seal portion 5 is formed by being pressed in an open space. Comparing to the seal portion 5 according to the prior art shown in Fig. 16, the seal portion 5 according to the present invention shown in Fig. 9 comprises considerably less area in sectional view, since it is pressed and molded in a closed mold space. Therefore, the density of the seal portion 5 is much higher than that of the prior art. Fig. 10 to 14 show test data comparing strength of the seal portion 5 of tubular bodies 1 according to the present invention and the prior art. Fig. 10 shows a puncture test date which was performed with a type of tubular bodie 1 which composes a single layer made of low-density polyethylen resin. One hundred of test pieces of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention and the same number of that of the prior art are used in the test. The line (a) indicates a puncture test data of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention, and the line (a') indicates that of the prior art. As the line (a) shows, none out of one hundred seal portions 5 punctured. On the other hand, as the line (a') shows, some of the seal portions punctured. It is found out that the seal portion 5 according to the present invention is improved in strength (about 30%) compared to that of the prior art. Fig. 11 shows another puncture test data comparing strength of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention and the prior art. One hundred test pieces, two hundreds in total, are used in the test, too. A type of tubular body used in this test is composed of a plural number of layers. The line (a) indicates the strength feature of the present invention and the line (a') indicates that of the prior art. It is clear from this test data that the strength of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention is considerably improved compared to that of the prior art. As the line (a) shows, among the pieces (seal portions 5) according to the present invention, a very small number thereof punctured. The reason is supposed that an inner layer 6 happened to inclued an uneven portion in thickness, and stress concentrated to the thinner portion. Fig. 13 and 14 show test data in tensile strength of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention and the prior art. The tests were performed using pieces 1' shown in Fig. 12. Each piece 1' is prepared by cutting the seal portion 5 of a tubular body into 15 mm in length and width. The tensile strength test was done by pulling the piece 1' in the arrowed directions with 300 mm/min of tensile speed. Fig. 13 shows the test-data performed with pieces 1' composed of a single layer. Fig. 14 shows the test data done with pieces 1' composed of plural layers. The line (b) indicates the feature of tensile strength of the pieces 1' according to the present invention, and the line (b') indicates that of the prior art. According to those test data, it is evident that the tensile strength of the seal portion 5 according to the present invention is considerably improved compared to that of the prior art. Effects of the Invention According to the invention, the fused projecting end portion is placed into a mold of the press mold means and is formed into a seal portion, so that the seal portion of a tubular body can be formed into any desired shape. The projecting end portion is pressed in a closed mold space, so that a cubic volume thereof decreases and density thereof increases, and that a mechanical strength of the seal portion improves. Further, by being pressed in the closed space, an adhesive strength of the seal portion increases, forming the seal portion having a firm adhesive strength. In case a tubular body is composed of plural layers including a gas barrier layer, the layer decomposes and foams caused by heat. However, the layer is firmly pressed, so that the foam is prevented from being grown into enlarged continuous foam. It is also prevented that the adhesive strength of the the seal portion decreases caused by the enlarged continuous foam, and that substance in a tubular body leaks through the foam. Therefore, according to the invention, high quality tubes can be provided.

Claims: Method for forming a seal portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin comprising the steps of: clamping an end portion (2) of the tubular body (1) flat by a pair of clamps (9) to form a flattened end portion (2) of a predetermined width and a projecting end portion (3) projecting outwardly from said clamps (9), heating and fusing said projecting end portion (3) wherein the fused projecting end portion (3) is pressed and sticked to form a flattened seal portion with side projecting portions (4) projecting outwardly from opposing sides of said projecting end portion (3), characterized by the steps of; bending said fused side projecting portions (4) inwardly to said projecting end portion (3); and pressing said fused projecting end portion to form a seal portion (5) into a desired shape by using a pressure so as to reduce the volume of said projecting end portion (3) to 0.65-0.80 times the original volume. Method for forming a seal portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin comprising the steps of: clamping an end portion (2) of the tubular body (1) flat by a pair of clamps (9) to form a flattened end portion (2) of a predetermined width and a projecting end portion projecting (3) outwardly from said clamps (9), heating and fusing said projecting end portion (3), wherein the fused projecting end portion (3) is pressed and sticked to form a flattened seal portion (5) with side projecting portions (4) projecting outwardly from the opposing sides of said projecting end portion (3), characterized by the steps of; bending said fused side projecting portions (4) inwardly to said projecting end portion (3); and pressing said fused projecting end portion by using a press mold to form a seal portion (5) into a desired shape with a pressure so as to reduce and restrict decomposition and foam of the synthetic resin. Method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein each of said side projecting portions (4) is bent along an axial imaginary line about 0-0,5 mm inside a peripheral edge of said flattened end portion (2). Apparatus for forming a seal portion of a tubular body of synthetic resin, which comprises; a pair of clamps (9), which clamp an end portion (2) of the tubular body (1) of synthetic resin flat to form a flattened end portion having a width and a projecting end portion (3) projecting axially from said clamps (9); a heater (10), which heats and fuses said projecting end portion (3) to form a fused projecting end portion having side projecting portions (4) extending outside of the width of said clamped end portion; characterized by; a bend means (12) for bending said side projecting portions (4) toward the center of said bent means (12) to form inwardly bent side projecting portions; and a press mold means (15) for pressing said projecting end portion (3) including said inwardly bent side projecting portions (4) into a desired shape to form a seal portion (5). Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said bend means (12) comprises an outer jig (14) and an inner jig (13), said outer jig (14) is capable of sliding above one of said clamps (9) toward said projecting end portion (3), said outer jig (14) comprises a right angled concaved mold facing said projecting end portion (3), said concaved mold has a width which is substantially the same as the width of said flattened end portion (2), said inner jig (13) is capable of sliding above another of said clamps (9) toward said projecting end portion (3), said inner jig (13) comprises a projecting mold facing said projecting end portion (3), and said projecting mold has a width such that it does not disturb the bending of said side projecting portions (4) in said concaved mold of said outer jig (14). Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, said width of said concaved mold of said outer jig (14) is 1 mm shorter than said width of said clamped, flattened end portion (2). Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, said press mold means (15) comprises a concave jig (17) and a convex jig (16), said concave jig (17) is capable of sliding above one of said clamps (9) toward said projecting end portion (3), said concave jig (17) comprises a concaved mold facing said projecting end portion (3), said concaved mold has a width which is substantially the same as said projecting end portion (3) comprising said bent side projecting portions (4), said convex jig (16) is capable of sliding above another of said clamps (9) toward said projecting end portion (3), said convex jig (16) comprises a projecting mold facing said projecting end portion (3), and said projecting mold engages with said concaved mold of said concave jig (17) such that no burr is formed when the projecting end portion (3) is pressed in said concaved mold of said concave jig (17).

Inventors: FUJITA MAMORU, FUJITA, MAMORU, FUJITA, Mamoru Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd.
Applicants: YOSHINO KOGYOSHO CO LTD, YOSHINO KOGYOSHO CO., LTD.
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B65B7
IPC codes: B29C65, B65B7, B29C57