Method for controlling a refrigerator temperature by controlling cool air discharge direction

Abstract: A refrigerator having a cool air path (15)and a cool air discharge control blade (26) for distributing cool air and controlling the discharge direction thereof and a method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction are provided. By placing a disk-shaped cool air guiding portion in a discharge hole (16), cool air is rapidly and uniformly distributed via the cool air path and by low-speed rotation of the cool air discharge control blade (26), thus keeping the refrigerator at a predetermined temperature uniformly. Temperature sensors (52,53) are installed on each side of the refrigeration compartment (3) and the sensed average or representative temperatures are compared with a control reference temperature, so that cool air can be discharged to high temperature areas.

Description: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a refrigerator temperature, and more particularly, though not exclusively, to such a method performed by a refrigerator having a cooling fan and a cool air discharge adjustment blade for distributing the cool air discharged into a refrigeration compartment and controlling the discharge direction thereof, and a method for controlling the temperature of a refrigeration compartment to be rapidly and uniformly distributed by controlling the discharge direction of the cool air into the refrigeration compartment. As shown in Figure 1, a refrigerator is generally provided with a body 4 having a freezer compartment 2 and a refrigeration compartment 3 divided by an intermediate bulkhead 1, and doors 6 and 7 for freezer compartment 3 and refrigeration compartment 4 respectively attached to body 4. Body 4 is comprised of a cabinet 4a for defining a whole frame, a liner 4b on the inside of cabinet 4a, and a foam material 4c filling the space between cabinet 4a and liner 4b. A compressor 11a is installed in a machine compartment 11 in the lower part of the refrigerator. A condenser (not shown) and a pressure-reducer (now shown) are installed in body 4 or in machine compartment 11. An evaporator 12 is installed on the rear wall of freezer compartment 2. The above components are all connected by a refrigerant pipe (not shown), thus performing a refrigeration circulation cycle. A cooling fan 13 is installed above evaporator 12, to artificially ventilate cool air produced in evaporator 12 into freezer compartment 2 and refrigeration compartment 3. To guide the cool air, a fan guide 14 is placed in front of cooling fan 13 and a cool air duct 15a is provided along the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3. A cool air control damper 19 controls the amount of the cool air provided to refrigeration compartment 3. Shelves 8 are provided for storing food. In general, a conventional refrigerator employs a section-to-section discharge method to provide cool air into every refrigeration compartment. As shown in Figure 2, cool air discharge holes 16a are arranged vertically on cool air duct 15a provided on the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3, for respective sections formed by shelves 8, thus discharging cool air into each section. Such a refrigerator, however, exhibits limitations in its effectiveness in achieving uniform refrigeration, since cool air is discharged directly forward from cool air discharge holes 16a, causing large differences in temperature throughout the refrigerator. To circumvent this problem, a refrigerator adopting a three-dimensional refrigeration method has been suggested. As shown in Figure 3, this refrigerator has cool air discharge holes 16a on both side walls as well as on the rear wall, for discharging cool air "three-dimensionally". However, the thus-constituted refrigerator also has limitations in maintaining uniform temperature distribution, since the cool air is merely discharged into the refrigerator and not distributed therein. Another problem is that a given area cannot be refrigerated as necessary, since the direction and amount of the discharged cool air cannot be controlled. The above-described problems of the refrigerators of Figures 2 and 3 become more serious concerns when dealing with larger refrigerators. As an effort to solve the problems, a method of simply distributing the discharged cool air is used. Here, a cool air discharge adjustment blade for determining the discharge direction of cool air into a refrigeration compartment is merely cycled to more evenly distribute the cool air discharged into the refrigeration compartment. Such a method, however, is ineffective for immediately handling various temperature-changing situations. That is, the discharge of cool air cannot properly be controlled on the basis of temperature differences existing between areas of a given section or between sections, which are caused by the temperature of stored food and the opening and closing of compartment doors. It is an aim of preferred embodiments of the present invention to provide a method for controlling a refrigerator's temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction in order to rapidly distribute cool air, thus keeping a compartment of the refrigerator at a predetermined temperature. According to the present invention in a first aspect, there is provided a method for controlling a refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction, comprising the steps of: (a) determining whether a refrigerant circulating compressor is initially turned on, when power is applied; (b) determining whether a door of the refrigerator is open, when said compressor is not initially on; (c) firstly discharging cool air to be distributed by rotating a cool air discharge control blade, when said compressor is initially on; (d) secondly discharging cool air to be distributed by rotating said cool air discharge control blade, when said door is open; (e) determining whether the average value of temperatures sensed by first temperature sensing means provided at a first position of said refrigerator is larger than the average value of temperatures sensed by second temperature sensing means provided at a second position of said refrigerator to face the first temperature sensing means, when said door is not open; (f) discharging the cool air toward said first temperature sensing means under control of said cool air discharge control blade, if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means is larger than the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means; (g) determining whether the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means is smaller than the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means or if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means is equal to the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means; (h) discharging the cool air toward said second temperature sensing means under control of said cool air discharge control blade if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means is smaller than the average value of temperatures by said second temperature sensing means; and (i) discharging the cool air toward the front under control of said cool air discharge control blade, if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means is equal to the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means. Suitably, said average values are replaced by representative values, which representative values are the maximum values or the medium values sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means. Suitably, said steps of comparing the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means with the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means further comprise the step of calculating the average values of the temperatures sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means, respectively. Suitably, said steps of comparing the representative value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means with the representative value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means further comprise the step of comparing the temperatures sensed by the first temperature sensing means with one another and comparing the temperatures sensed by the second temperature sensing means with one another, in order to obtain respective representative values of the temperatures sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means. Suitably, all steps are performed by a refrigerator comprising a body equipped with a freezer compartment and a refrigeration compartment, an evaporator for producing cool air and providing said cool air to said freezer and refrigeration compartments, a housing installed in a predetermined portion of said refrigeration compartment and having a guide path for guiding said cool air from said evaporator to said refrigeration compartment, cool air paths formed at both sides of said housing to be communicated with said guide path and having a first path and a second path to guide said cool air from said guide path, a plurality of discharge holes vertically arranged between said first path and said second path, for guiding said cool air to be discharged into said refrigeration compartment through said cool air paths, a cool air discharge adjustment blade rotatably installed in the front surface for distributing left and right or collecting said cool air from said discharge holes, a driving motor for rotating said cool air discharge adjustment blade, first temperature sensors installed in the center of one side wall of each part in said refrigeration compartment, second temperature sensors installed in the center of the other side wall thereof, a position sensing switch for turning on/off in accordance with the rotative position of said cool air discharge adjustment blade, and a control portion electrically connected to said first temperature sensor, said second temperature sensor and said position sensing switch, for determining the rotative position of said cool air discharge adjustment blade; and wherein said cool air path is further provided with first linking paths for linking respective discharge holes to said first path and second linking paths for linking respective discharge holes to said second path, each discharge hole is provided with a first discharge portion directly linked to said first linking path and a second discharge portion directly linked to said second linking path, said first discharge portion is communicated with said second discharge portion, and said first and second discharge portions are formed to be mutually stepped and eccentric toward said first linking path and said second linking path, respectively, and said cool air discharge adjustment blade is provided with a distribution plate having a middle plate placed at the boundary surface between said first discharge portion and said second discharge portion, and an upper plate and a lower plate which are placed over and under said middle plate by the height of said middle plate, respectively, and a dispersion guiding blade having a first dispersion guiding blade for vertically connecting said upper plate and said middle plate, and a second dispersion guiding blade for vertically connecting said middle plate and said lower plate. The present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof, by way of example only, with reference to the attached drawings in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a general refrigerator; Figure 2 is an inner perspective view of a conventional refrigerator employing a cool air section-to-section discharge method; Figure 3 is an inner perspective view of a conventional refrigerator employing a three-dimensional refrigeration method; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of a refrigerator according to the present invention; Figure 5 is an inner perspective view of a refrigeration compartment in the refrigerator of Figure 4, with the door of the refrigeration compartment opened; Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a housing and a cool air discharge adjustment blade for dispersedly discharging cool air into the refrigerator of Figure 4; Figures 7A and 7B are front and side views of the cool air discharge portion shown in Figure 4, respectively; Figure 8 is a perspective view of the rear side of the refrigerator housing shown in Figure 4A, showing an arrangement relationship between cool air paths and cool air discharge holes; Figures 9A, 9B and 9C are views of the cool air discharge adjustment blade shown in Figure 4; Figure 10 is a view showing an arrangement relationship between the discharge holes and the cool air discharge adjustment blade in the refrigerator of Figure 4; Figure 11 is a plan view of the cool air discharge adjustment blade shown in Figures 9A-9C; Figures 12A, 12B and 12C are views showing left-, center- and right- concentrated refrigeration mechanisms in the refrigerator of Figure 4, respectively; Figure 13 is a block diagram showing the constitution of a control portion in the refrigerator of Figure 4; Figures 14A, 14B and 14C are views showing operations of a position sensing switch of Figure 6; and Figure 15 is a flow-chart of a method for controlling the temperature of a refrigerator by controlling a cool air discharge direction, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of a refrigerator according to the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the refrigerator is provided with a body 4 of an insulation structure having a freezer compartment 2 and a refrigeration compartment 3 divided by an intermediate bulkhead 1, and doors 6 and 7 attached to body 4 for freezer compartment 2 and refrigeration compartment 3, respectively. A plurality of shelves 8 are provided for storing food in refrigeration compartment 3. An auxiliary compartment 9 for storing food at a particular temperature is located above refrigeration compartment 3 and a crisper 10 is located below refrigeration compartment 3. A compressor 11a is installed in a machine compartment 11 below refrigeration compartment 3. A condenser (not shown) and a pressure-reducer (not shown) are installed in body 4 or installed in the machine compartment. An evaporator 12 is installed on the rear wall of freezer compartment 2. The above components are all connected by a refrigerant pipe (not shown), thereby to perform a refrigeration circulation cycle. A cooling fan 13 is installed above evaporator 12 to forcibly ventilate cool air produced in evaporator 12 into freezer compartment 2 and refrigeration compartment 3. A fan guide 14 is disposed in front of cooling fan 13 to guide the cool air. A housing 17 having a cool air path 15 and discharge holes 16 is installed on the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3. Thus, the cool air is provided from evaporator 12 to freezer compartment 2 and refrigeration compartment 3, separately. A concave groove 5 is formed in the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3, for installing housing 17. As shown in Figure 5, housing 17 is installed in the center of the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3, such that its upper portion is directly behind auxiliary compartment 9 and the other portion thereof is located immediately behind refrigeration compartment 3 between auxiliary compartment 9 and crisper 10. That is, the upper end of housing 17 is extended to contact middle bulkhead 1 and the lower end thereof is extended a point near crisper 10, thus making housing 17 almost as high as refrigeration compartment 3. As shown in Figure 6, housing 17 is comprised of a front plate 24, a similarly shaped thermal insulator 25 combined with front plate 24, and a seal plate 34 attached to the rear surface of thermal insulator 25. A cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is detachably installed on front plate 24, and a driving motor 28 for driving cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is installed at one end thereof and housed in a motor case 29. Lights 30 are installed at both sides of driving motor 28, and light covers 31 serve to protect lights 30. In the embodiment, the introduction of moisture into driving motor 28 is prevented by disposing driving motor 28 above cool air discharge adjustment blade 26, since moisture or condensed water in the refrigerator flow down due to their weight. Further, there is not the remotest possibility of the permeation of the moisture into driving motor 28 and decrease of its driving speed caused by over-freezing, since driving motor 28 is contained in motor case 29. Even if moisture is introduced, the moisture is evaporated immediately by lights 30 installed at both sides of driving motor 28, thereby preventing the breakdown of driving motor 28 and thus inactive operation of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Though a geared motor having a fixed rotating speed is usually used as the driving motor in the embodiment, a stepping motor may be used instead to properly control the rotating speed as well as rotation and direction of the cool air discharge adjustment blade. A position sensing switch 32 is turned on and off by an operating protrusion described later with respect to Figures 14A-14C of position sensing switch 32 placed in the upper portion of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26, for controlling the rotative position of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Latticed grill 27 is detachably inserted into front plate 24, for protecting cool air discharge blade 26. Grill 27 serves to prevent stored food in the refrigerator from disturbing the operation of cool air discharge control blade 26. As shown in Figures 7A and 7B, a guide path 18 is formed in the upper end of housing 17, for guiding cool air produced from evaporator 12 into refrigeration compartment 3. A damper 19 for controlling the amount of cool air provided to the refrigeration compartment by opening/closing guide path 18 and a damper motor 20 for driving damper 19 are built in the upper end of housing 17. Temperature in the refrigeration compartment 3 is controlled by using these constituents in a conventional manner. A damper cover 21 is incorporated in front plate 24 in the embodiment and a spacer 22 is formed of an insulating material. Spacer 22 is made thick to prevent condensation on damper cover 21 which results from a large amount of cool air passing through guide path 18. Therefore, the upper part of housing 17 having damper 19 and damper motor 20 installed therein is also made relatively thick and wide, i.e. approximately 12cm thick and 34cm wide. Here, though thickness and width of the housing depend on the size of the refrigerator and are preferably 12cm thick and 34cm wide for a 400-5001 refrigerator. A cool air discharge hole 23 formed into damper cover 21 serves to discharge cool air from guide path 18 to auxiliary compartment 9. Thus, auxiliary compartment 9 is maintained at a lower temperature than refrigeration compartment 3. Two cool air discharge holes 23 are arranged in this embodiment. Meanwhile, the other portion of housing 17 is approximately 3cm thick and 25cm wide. This portion of housing 17 may be entirely formed of a plastic injected material. In the embodiment, this portion is constituted of 2mm-thick front plate 24 of a plastic injected material and a thermal insulator of, for example, polystyrene, which are incorporated. Cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is installed at these portions of housing 17 and comprised of a cool air guiding portion 26a and a supporting shaft 26b. In the embodiment, four cool air guiding portions 26a are integrally connected with supporting shaft 26b. Cool air guiding portions 26a are placed to correspond to respective sections divided by shelves 8 in refrigeration compartment 3. Assuming that the height of refrigeration compartment 3 is H, the upper cool air guiding portion is placed at 3/4H, the middle cool air guiding portion at 1/2H, and the lower cool air guiding portion at 1/3H. A cool air guiding portion between the middle cool air guiding portion and the lower cool air guiding portion is prepared in consideration of the appearance of the cool air guiding portions and mold manufacturing, regardless of positions of shelves 8. The constitution of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 will be described later in more detail. Housing 17 is installed as an assembly body on the surface of the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3. It is desirable to install housing 17 so that the front plate of housing 17 is level with the surface of the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3. That is, after front plate 24 and thermal insulator 25 are incorporated and seal plate 24 is attached to thermal insulator 25, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 and grill 27 are combined in front plate 24, driving motor 28 and lights 30 are combined, and then they are installed onto the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3. Thus, installation is facilitated, as compared with separately installing each constituent in a refrigeration compartment. A screw combining portion 17a is used for installing housing 17. That is, since housing 17 is an assembly body, housing 17 is easily installed on the rear wall of refrigeration compartment 3 through screw combination. As shown in Figure 8, cool air path 15 and discharge holes 16 are formed in housing 17, for guiding cool air from evaporator 12 to refrigeration compartment 3. Cool air path 15 is formed longitudinally along the rear side of housing 17 and discharge holes 16 are formed through housing 17 to communicate cool air path 15 with refrigeration compartment 3. A plurality of discharge holes 16 are arranged vertically in the centre of housing 17, and cool air path 15 includes a first path 35 and a second path 36 formed at both sides of discharge holes 16. The plurality of discharge holes 16 are vertically arranged to correspond to respective sections (that is, spaces divided by shelves 8) like cool air guiding portions 26a of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. In the embodiment, cool air guiding portions 26a of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 are placed into discharge holes 16. Therefore, there are three discharge holes in this case. This constitution makes housing 17 relatively thin on the whole and, thus, the portion of housing 17 which protrudes into the refrigerator is shorter. As a result, the effective area of the refrigerator increases. First path 35 and second path 36 are extended upward and downward so that their upper ends are placed on opposite sides of guide path 18 and their lower ends are connected to crisper 10. Therefore, cool air which has passed through guide path 18 by opening damper 19 flows down separately through first path 35 and second path 36 to refrigeration compartment 3 and crisper 10. A portion of the cool air is discharged through cool air discharge holes 23 into auxiliary compartment 9. Cool air path 15 for guiding cool air flowing down in to refrigeration compartment has first linking paths 37 for linking first path 35 to discharge holes 16 and second linking paths 38 for linking second path 36 with discharge holes 16. Thus, the cool air flowing along first path 35 and second path 36 are partially guided to first linking path 37 and second linking path 38 and discharged through discharge holes 16 into refrigeration compartment 3. Here, first linking path 37 and second linking path 38 are formed so that their inlets connected to first and second paths 35 and 36 are wider than their outlets connected to discharge holes 16. Especially, the upper parts of first and second linking paths 37 and 38 are rounded and their lower parts are extended more outward than the upper parts by flanges 371, 372 and 373, thereby smoothly guiding the cool air flowing down to these linking paths. In addition, the upper parts of the inlets of first and second linking paths 37 and 38 are preferably more rounded and their lower parts are extended more outward, in lower portions of first and second linking paths 37 and 38. Thus, the difference in temperatures of areas in refrigeration compartment 3, which depends on their heights, is reduced by discharging more cool air downward through linking paths 37 and 38, and discharge holes 16 into refrigeration compartment 3, since as cool air is discharged earlier, the temperature of the cool air is higher. The amount of the cool air provided to crisper 10 is decreased while the amount of the cool air provided to refrigeration compartment 3 is increased, by preparing restriction protrusions 48 to a predetermined height in the lower ends of first and second paths 35 and 36, more specifically, in the lower parts of the inlets of lower first and second linking paths 37 and 38. Meanwhile, discharge holes 16 are provided with first discharge portions 39 directly connected to first linking path 37 and second discharge portions 40 directly connected to second linking path 38 to make the cool air discharged into refrigeration compartment 3 flow separately, left and right. Preferably, first discharge portion 39 and second discharge portion 40 are stepped and communicate with each other. That is, the cool air guided to both discharge portions is discharged in mutually opposite directions and is smoothly distributed in refrigeration compartment 3, by forming first discharge portions 39 to be eccentric toward first linking path 37 and second discharge portions 40 to be eccentric toward first linking path 38, both being stepped with each other. It is also desirable that first discharge portion 39 exchanges positions with second discharge portion 40 in adjacent discarge holes 16. That is, if upper discharge hole 16 has first discharge portion 39 in a higher place than second discharge portion 40, middle discharge hole 16 has second discharge portion 40 in a higher place than first discharge portion 39. Thus, because the temperature of cool air which is discharged first and flows downward is generally higher than that of cool air discharged later, if the temperature of the cool air introduced from the right is lower than that from the left in the upper discharge hole, the cool air of lower temperature is introduced into the left side of the middle discharge hole, so that a temperature difference between the left and right sides of the refrigerator is eliminated, thereby achieving uniform refrigeration throughout the refrigeration compartment. Referring to Figures 9A, 9B and 9C, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 employed in the embodiment and its exemplary modifications will be described. Cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is comprised of a plurality of cool air guiding portions 26a and supporting shaft 26b, as shown in Figures 9A-9C. Cool air guiding portion 26a is provided with a distribution plate 44 having an upper plate 41, a lower plate 42, and a middle plate 43 which are disk-shaped and separated from one another by predetermined distances, and a dispersion guiding blade 47 including a first dispersion blade 45 for connecting upper and middle plates 41 and 43, and a second dispersion guiding blade 46 for connecting middle and lower plates 43 and 42. In the embodiment, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is comprised of three assembly bodies, each having distribution plate 44 and dispersion guiding blade 47 (the other one being false and described later) and supporting shaft 26b connected to the three assembly bodies, all of them being incorporated. That is, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is comprised of three cool air guiding portions 26a having distribution plates 44, dispersion guiding blades 47, and supporting shaft 26b. The upper end of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is connected to the output shaft of driving motor 28. Therefore, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 rotates by the rotative force of driving motor 28. Here, supporting shaft 26b preferably has a cross-shaped section to prevent warpage. False-cool air guiding portion 49 has nothing to do with cool air discharge, as in Figures 9A and 9B, since no discharge hole is formed where it is installed. However, false-cool air guiding portion 49 is effective in distributing the cool air which has leaked through gaps between discharge holes and cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Further, false-cool air guiding portion 49 contributes to a balanced arrangement of cool air guiding portions, thus contributing to the overall appearance of the cool air guiding portions. As shown in Figure 9B, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is separably formed in order to overcome problems encountered in manufacturing molds. Cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is comprised of an upper cool air discharge adjustment blade having an upper cool air guiding portion and a middle cool air guiding portion, and a lower cool air discharge adjustment blade including a false-cool air guiding portion and a lower cool air guiding portion. That is, as described later, since incorporated molding is difficult to obtain when the dispersion guiding blade of each cool air guiding portion is disposed at a different angle, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is divided into two parts. Two cool air guiding portions having dispersion guiding blades disposed at a regular angle are arranged in the upper cool air discharge adjustment blade and cool air guiding portions having dispersion guiding blades disposed at the same angle are arranged in the lower cool air discharge adjustment blade. Thus, arrangement of the entire dispersion guiding blades can be controlled by controlling the combination angle at which the upper cool air discharge adjustment blade and the lower cool air discharge adjustment blade are combined. In the embodiment, the dispersion guiding blades of the lower cool air discharge blade are placed in the right center of both dispersion guiding blades of the upper cool air discharge blade. Figure 9C is a view of an exemplary modification, showing cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 having no false-cool air guiding portion. On the other hand, as described above, each distribution plate is placed in each discharge hole 16 and the positions of distributing plate 44 and discharge hole 16 correspond to the positions of shelve 8 of refrigeration compartment 3. As shown in Figure 10, middle plate 43 of distribution plate 44 is located at the boundary between first and second discharge portions 39 and 40 of discharge hole 16. Upper plate 41 is placed over middle plate 43 by the height of first discharge portion 39, and lower plate 42 is placed under middle plate 43 by the height of second discharge portion 40. Further, it is preferable that upper, middle and lower plates 41, 43 and 42 are of the same diameter which is approximately the width of discharge hole 16, to prevent leakage of the cool air. As a result, middle plate 43 and upper plate 41 or middle plate 43 and lower plate 42 form an extra round path extended from the linking paths 37 and 38 in cooperation with dispersion guiding plate 47, so that the cool air is guided to be discharged into the refrigerator and the discharged cool air is uniformly distributed into the refrigerator. That is, upper, lower and middle plates 41, 42 and 43 of distribution plate 44 guide the cool air which has passed through linking paths 37 and 38 from cool air paths 35 and 36 to be discharged into the refrigerator, not to flowing down. Thus, even if cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 rotates at a low speed, distribution plate 44 serves to collect the guided cool air and then discharge the cool air into the refrigerator. As shown in Figure 11, first and second dispersion guiding plates 45 and 46 are plane-symmetrical with each other as well as each of both dispersion guiding blade is rotation-symmetrical in itself. In detail, first and second dispersion guiding plates 45 and 46 have respective concave portions 50 and convex portions 51 which are made round continuously. That is, rounded concave and convex portions 50 and 51 are smoothly connected in a "S" shape. Thus, the cool air flowing along dispersion guiding plate 46 through discharge holes 16 can smoothly circulate without any resistance. Also, first and second dispersion guiding plates 45 and 46 are plane-symmetrical with each other, centering on middle plate 43. Namely, concave portions 50 of first and second dispersion guiding plates 45 and 46 or convex portions 51 of first and second dispersion guiding plates 45 and 46 are arranged to be opposite to each other. Dispersion guiding plate 46 is constituted as above for the purpose of decreasing flowing resistance in cooperation with first and second discharge portions 39 and 40 of discharge holes 16, both discharge portions being vertically stepped with each other. Thus, the cool air introduced into dispersion guiding plate 46 collides with convex portion 51 and then flows along convex portion 51, thereby considerably decreasing the cool air flowing resistance. When first discharge portion 39 of discharge hole 16 is eccentric toward the left, convex portion 51 of first dispersion guiding plate 45 is located in the right. In this case, second discharge portion 40 is eccentric toward the right and convex portion 51 of second dispersion guiding plate 46 is located in the left. For example, the cool air introduced into first discharge portion 39 from the left flows while colliding with convex portion 51 of first dispersion guiding plate 45 and the cool air introduced into second discharge portion 40 from the right collides with convex portion 51 of second dispersion guiding plate 46, thereby flowing into a main stream. Also, as described above with reference to Figures 9A-9C, a dispersion guiding plate 47b of the middle cool air guiding portion and a dispersion guiding plate 47c of the lower cool air guiding portion are arranged at 90° and 45° with respect to a dispersion guiding plate 47a of the upper cool air guiding portion. Since dispersion guiding plates 47a, 47b and 47c of the upper, middle and lower cool air guiding portions are arranged at different angles, cool air collides with dispersion guiding plates 47a, 47b and 47c in different positions and directions, thus distributing the load. For example, if all the dispersion guiding plates are placed at the same angle, the cool air collides sharply with the dispersion guiding plates, depending on the rotative position of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Thus, much load is applied to the cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the dispersion guiding plates of the upper, middle and lower cool air guiding portions are arranged at different angles, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is not overloaded, as described above. As described above, side portions (concave portion 50 or convex portion 51) of all dispersion guiding plates 47a, 47b and 47c are placed at an angle of 90° or below, regardless of the rotative position of cool air discharge adjusting blade 26. Thus, a left-concentrated refrigeration, a center-concentrated refrigeration and a right-concentrated refrigeration can be performed by controlling the rotative angle of cool air discharge adjusting blade 26. Figures 12A-12C illustrate the left-, center- and right-concentrated refrigeration, respectively. Here, however, such concentrated refrigeration can be performed in any specified direction through the use of a control circuit. To determine an area requiring concentrated refrigeration, as shown in Figure 5, first temperature sensors 52a, 52b and 52c are installed at the center of the right side wall of each part in refrigeration compartment 3 and second temperature sensors 53a, 53b and 53c are installed at the center of the left side wall of each part in refrigeration compartment 3. These temperature sensors and the above-described position sensing switch 32 are connected to a controlling portion 54 (Figure 13), i.e., a microprocessor. Driving motor 28 for driving cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is also connected to control portion 54. The temperature sensors and position sensing switch 32 function to effectively perform the concentrated refrigeration by sensing temperature difference in refrigeration compartment 3. The structures and operations of position sensing switch 32 for determining a reference position of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 when performing concentrated refrigeration and an operating protrusion 33 for operating position sensing switch 32 are shown in Figures 14A-14C. Here, operating protrusion 33 rotates simultaneously with cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 in the direction of the arrows. Figure 14C shows a relationship between position sensing switch 32 and operating protrusion 33 when they lose contact. In the embodiment, the position of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 in the position of the above contact-lost moment is set as a reference position thereof. Also, a portion of operating protrusion 33, which contacts position sensing switch 32 is streamlined to prevent noise produced in a sudden separation of position sensing switch 32 from operating protrusion 33. The operation and controlling method of the refrigerator constituted as above, according to the present invention, will be described as follows. First, when compressor 11 and evaporator 12 start to operate, evaporator 12 produces cool air through a thermal exchange with the ambient air. The thus-produced cool air is supplied to freezer compartment 2 and refrigeration compartment 3 by cooling fan 13, as directed by the arrows of Figure 4. The opening and closing of damper 19 are controlled in accordance with the temperature of refrigeration compartment 3. When damper 19 is opened, the cool air is supplied to refrigeration compartment 3 via guide path 18. The cool air which has passed through guide path 18 is dispersed to the left and right via first and second paths 35 and 36 and then discharged into auxiliary compartment 9. The discharge of the cool air into refrigeration compartment 3 will be described in detail. The cool air flowing along first and second paths 35 and 36 is partially introduced into first and second linking paths 37 and 38 from the upper portion downward and then discharged through discharge holes 16. Here, the cool air is discharged, being distributed left and right by the rotation of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Without cool air discharging adjusting blade 26, the cool air can be distributed left and right since first and second discharge portions 39 and 40 of discharge hole 16 are vertically stepped with each other to be eccentric towards inlets of the cool air. However, the distribution of cool air is accelerated by the rotation of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26, thus achieving uniform refrigeration for the refrigerator. In the embodiment, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 rotates forward at a predetermined speed, that is 6-10rpm, by using a geared motor as a driving motor. This driving motor may be replaced with a stepping motor capable of varying the rotative speed. In detail, as described above, discharge hole 16 is comprised of first and second discharge portions 39 and 40. First and second discharge portions 39 and 40 are communicated and vertically stepped with each other. The cool air introduced into either discharge portion is discharged in the opposite direction of the other, thus smoothly distributing the cool air in refrigeration compartment 3. Also, first and second discharge portions 39 and 40 exchange positions with those of the adjacent discharge hole. Thus, generally, the earlier the cool air is discharged, the higher its temperature is. However, if the cool air introduced from the right is lower in temperature than the cool air from the left in the upper discharge hole, the cool air introduced from the left is lower in temperature than the cool air from the right in the middle discharge hole. In the lower discharge hole, in turn, the cool air introduced from the right is lower in temperature than the cool air from the left. Then, uniform refrigeration can be realised across the refrigerator. In addition, since middle flanges 372 extend more outward than upper flanges 371 and lower flanges 373 than middle flanges 372, cooler air is discharged into refrigeration compartment 3 through lower first and second linking paths 37 and 38, and lower discharge hole. Thus, even though cool air discharged earlier and flowing down is generally higher in temperature, temperature difference depending on the height of the refrigeration compartment is eliminated, thereby achieving uniform refrigeration in the refrigeration compartment. As described above, the refrigeration compartment can be uniformly refrigerated by discharging the cool air to be distributed and controlling the amount of the discharged cool air without cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Further, the distribution of the cool air can be accelerated by the rotation of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26. Thus, uniform refrigeration is ensured in the refrigerator. On the other hand, even if uniform refrigeration is achieved, when much foodstuff is stored or warm foodstuff is put in a particular area, the uniform refrigeration of the refrigeration compartment is no longer maintained. Also, the rotation of cool air discharge blade 26 is not effective in realising uniform refrigeration. To solve this problem, concentrated refrigeration is needed for the particular area. The concentrated refrigeration according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 12A-12C. First, when the left side of the refrigeration compartment requires concentrated refrigeration, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is fixed to be directed so that cool air is mainly discharged into the left side, as shown in Figure 12A. Here, the dispersion guiding plates of the upper, middle and lower cool air guiding portions are arranged toward the left side in an angle of 0° to 90°. When the center of the refrigeration compartment requires concentrated refrigeration, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is fixed to be directed so that the cool air is mainly discharged into the center of the refrigeration compartment, as shown in Figure 12B. Here, the dispersion guiding plates of the three cool air guiding portions are arranged toward the center in an angle of 0° to 90°. When the right side of the refrigeration compartment requires concentrated refrigeration, cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is fixed to be directed so that the cool air is mainly discharged into the right of the refrigeration compartment, as shown in Figure 12C. Here, the dispersion guiding plates of the three cool air guiding portions are arranged toward the center in an angle of 0° to 90°. The control of the rotative angle of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is performed by position sensing switch 32 which is turned on and off by protrusion 33 of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 and control portion 54. In this embodiment, from the point of time when operating protrusion 33 and position sensing switch 32 are separated, control portion 54 counts time and rotates cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 for a predetermined time to calculate the rotative angle thereof. For example, if the rotative angle of cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 is 6rpm, a 10-second rotation from the reference point of time makes cool air discharge adjustment blade 26 rotate for one cycle. By this control method, uniform refrigeration and intensive refrigeration which are characteristic of the present invention are performed. Referring to Figures 15 and 16, a method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction will be described. Figure 15 is a flow-chart of the method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction. As shown in the drawing, according to the temperature controlling method, difference in temperatures in refrigeration compartment 3 is reduced and refrigeration compartment 3 is kept at a predetermined temperature, at the same time, by measuring and comparing the temperatures of symmetrically opposing areas in the left and right sides, and intensively providing cool air toward an area of high temperature by using cool air discharge control blade 26 for controlling a cool air discharge direction, as shown in Figures 6 and 7A & 7B. That is, at least two temperature sensors are attached to the left and right side walls, respectively, the average values of representative values of temperatures sensed by the left temperature sensors are compared with the average values or representative values of temperatures sensed by the right temperature sensors, on the basis of temperature data of the left and right temperature sensors, and the cool air is intensively provided toward an area of high temperature according to the result of the comparison by using cool air discharge control blade 26. To be more specific, as shown in Figure 5, temperature sensors 53a, 53b and 53c are installed in the upper, middle and lower parts of the left side, respectively, and temperature sensors 52a, 52b and 52c are installed in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the right side, respectively. The average value or representative value of temperatures S L1 , S L2 and S L3 , sensed by 53a, 53b and 53c are compared with the average value or representative value of temperatures S R1 , S R2 and S R3 sensed by 52a, 52b and 52c. Then, cool air is discharged toward either of the left and right sides which is high in temperature. The operation will be described in detail, as follows. To compare average values (the average value of the temperatures S L1 , S L2 and S L3 is referred to as S LM and the average value of the temperatures S R1 , S R2 and S R3 is referred to as S RM ): 1. It is determined whether the compressor is initially on when power is applied. Then, the temperature in the refrigerator is considered as room temperature when the compressor is initially on, and cool air discharge control blade 26 is continuously rotated to prevent the increase of temperature differences among areas in the refrigerator during a rapid refrigeration; 2. Here, if the average value S LM of the temperatures sensed by the left temperature sensors is larger than the average value S RM of the temperatures sensed by the right temperature sensors, cool air discharge control blade 26 is directed toward the left side, to thereby reduce a relatively high temperature of the left side; 3. If S RM is larger than S LM , cool air discharge control blade 26 is directed toward the right side, to thereby reduce a relatively high temperature of the right side; 4. If S RM is equal to S LM , cool air discharge control blade 26 is directed toward the front, to thereby reduce a temperature difference between the left and right sides; and 5. If the door is open, cool air discharge control blade 26 is rotated to prevent loss of cool air. By the above operation, a refrigeration is performed so that temperature difference between the left and right sides caused by the temperature of foodstuff stored in the refrigeration compartment or unbalanced storage of foodstuff is effectively reduced. To compare the representative values of the temperature sensors, either of the two may be applied to the above-described average value comparison method to obtain a desired result: 1. The maximum value of the temperatures sensed by the left temperature sensors is compared with the maximum value of the temperatures sensed by the right temperature sensors, or 2. The medium value of the temperature sensed by the left temperature sensors is compared with the medium value of the temperatures sensed by the right temperature sensors. As described above, the method for controlling a cool air discharge direction, according to the present invention, has the following advantages. When the method is performed by a refrigerator as defined in claim 5, (1) uniform refrigeration can be performed in any case since the cool air paths distribute cool air according to the arrangement and configuration of the discharge holes and the cool air discharge control blade distributes the discharged cool air; (2) decrease in the effective area of the refrigerator is prevented since the cool air paths are formed at both sides of the discharge holes, the cool air discharge control blade is placed in the discharge holes, and thus housing is made slim; (3) an assembly work is facilitated by forming the housing as an assembly body of a motor, a light, and the cool air discharge control blade which are combined; (4) molds are easy to fabricate and maintenance repair work is convenient since the cooling discharge control blade is divided into two parts; (5) motor malfunction caused by introduction of moisture is prevented by disposing the motor above the cool air discharge control blade and installing the light near the motor; and (6) even if the cool air discharge control blade rotates at a low speed, cool air is discharged into the refrigerator, not flowing down, by placing disk-shaped cool air guiding portions in the discharge holes. According to the method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction, the average values or representative values of the temperatures sensed by temperature sensors installed in the left and right sides in the refrigeration compartment are compared, and cool air is discharged to an area of high temperature, thereby achieving uniform temperature distribution in the refrigeration compartment.

Claims: A method for controlling a refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction, comprising the steps of: (a) determining whether a refrigerant circulating compressor (11a) is initially turned on, when power is applied; (b) determining whether a door (6,7) of the refrigerator is open, when said compressor (11a) is not initially on; (c) firstly discharging cool air to be distributed by rotating a cool air discharge control blade (26), when said compressor (11a) is initially on; (d) secondly discharging cool air to be distributed by rotating said cool air discharge control blade (26), when said door (6,7) is open; (e) determining whether the average value of temperatures sensed by first temperature sensing means (52) provided at a first position of said refrigerator is larger than the average value of temperatures sensed by second temperature sensing means (53) provided at a second position of said refrigerator to face the first temperature sensing means, when said door (6,7) is not open; (f) discharging the cool air toward said first temperature sensing means (52) under control of said cool air discharge control blade (26), if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) is larger than the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53); (g) determining whether the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) is smaller than the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53) or if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) is equal to the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53); (h) discharging the cool air toward said second temperature sensing means (53) under control of said cool air discharge control blade (26), if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) is smaller than the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53); and (i) discharging the cool air toward the front under control of said cool air discharge control blade (26), if the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) is equal to the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53). A method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction as claimed in claim 1, wherein said average values are replaced by representative values, which representative values are the maximum values or the medium values sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means (52,53). A method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction as claimed in claim 1, wherein said steps of comparing the average value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) with the average value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53) further comprise the step of calculating the average values of the temperatures sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means (52, 53), respectively. A method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction as claimed in claim 2, wherein said steps of comparing the representative value of temperatures sensed by said first temperature sensing means (52) with the representative value of temperatures sensed by said second temperature sensing means (53) further comprise the step of comparing the temperatures sensed by the first temperature sensing means (52) with one another and comparing the temperatures sensed by the second temperature sensing means (53) with one another, in order to obtain respective representative values of the temperatures sensed by said first and second temperature sensing means (52,53). A method for controlling refrigerator temperature by controlling a cool air discharge direction as claimed in any of claims 1-4, wherein all steps are performed by a refrigerator comprising a body (4) equipped with a freezer compartment (2) and a refrigeration compartment (3), an evaporator (12) for producing cool air and providing said cool air to said freezer (2) and refrigeration compartments (3), a housing (17) installed in a predetermined portion of said refrigeration compartment (3) and having a guide path (18) for guiding said cool air from said evaporator (12) to said refrigeration compartment (3), cool air paths (35,36) formed at both sides of said housing (17) to be communicated with said guide path (18) and having a first path (35) and a second path (36) to guide said cool air from said guide path (18), a plurality of discharge holes (16) vertically arranged between said first path (35) and said second path (36), for guiding said cool air to be discharged into said refrigeration compartment (3) through said cool air paths (35,36), a cool air discharge adjustment blade (26) rotatably installed in the front surface for distributing left and right or collecting said cool air from said discharge holes (16), a driving motor (28) for rotating said cool air discharge adjustment blade (26), first temperature sensors (52) installed in the center of one side wall of each part in said refrigeration compartment (3), second temperature sensors (53) installed in the center of the other side wall thereof, a position sensing switch (32) for turning on/off in accordance with the rotative position of said cool air discharge adjustment blade (26), and a control portion (54) electrically connected to said first temperature sensor (52), said second temperature sensor (53) and said portion sensing switch (32), for determining the rotative position of said cool air discharge adjustment blade (26); and wherein said cool air path (35,36) is further provided with first linking paths (37) for linking respective discharge holes (16) to said first path (35) and second linking paths (38) for linking respective discharge holes (16) to said second path (36), each discharge hole (16) is provided with a first discharge portion directly linked to said first linking path (37) and a second discharge portion directly linked to said second linking path (38), said first discharge portion is communicated with said second discharge portion, and said first and second discharge portions are formed to be mutually stepped and eccentric toward said first linking path (37) and said second linking path (38), respectively, and said cool air discharge adjustment blade (26) is provided with a distribution plate (44) having a middle plate (43) placed at the boundary surface between said first discharge portion and said second discharge portion, and an upper plate (41) and a lower plate (42) which are placed over and under said middle plate (43) by the height of said middle plate (43), respectively, and a dispersion guiding plate (47) having a first dispersion guiding blade (45) for vertically connecting said upper plate (41) and said middle plate (43), and a second dispersion guiding blade (46) for vertically connecting said middle plate (43) and said lower plate (42).

Inventors: JEONG SEONG-WOOK, KANG YUN-SEOG, KIM JAE-IN, KIM YONG-MYOUNG, PARK SUK-HANG, JEONG, SEONG-WOOK, KANG, YUN-SEOG, KIM, JAE-IN, KIM, YONG-MYOUNG, PARK, SUK-HANG
Applicants: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD, SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
Application year: 1995
Main classification: F25D11
IPC codes: G05D23, F25D11, F25D17