Rail transportable ramps for circus loading standard highway semi-trailers

Abstract: A rail transportable ramp assembly for intermodal trains comprises a pair of parallel, spaced ramp members (30) each having a first end for engaging a ground level surface and a second end for engagement with a loading end of a rail car (16). A rigid cross-member (30C) extends between the ramp members (30) adjacent the first ends. A flange (44) is attached to the second ends of the ramp members (30) for releasably coupling the ramp members (30) to the rail car (16). The rail car (16) has a slanted surface on each of opposite sides of the loading end for engaging the flange (44) and restraining the ramp members (30). The rail car (16) also incorporates rollers (36) at the loading end for facilitating movement of the ramp members (30) between a loaded position and a latching position.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to rail car loading systems according to the preamble of claim 1 and, more particularly, to a rail car transportable ramp for loading semi-trailers onto flat rail cars. It has become common practice to transport semi-trailers over long distances by loading the trailers onto flat bed rail cars. Rail cars suitable for such use have been developed and are generally known as articulated flat cars while a train of such cars is sometimes referred to as an intermodal train. Articulated flat cars differ from conventional rail cars in not being as heavily constructed since the semi-trailer loads are relatively light, in having different forms of connectors between cars, and in being constructed at each end so as to form a continuous pathway from car-to-car for circus style loading of semi-trailers. In circus style loading, semi-trailers are attached to a yard tractor or hostler and backed onto a first rail car and then along a series of articulated cars until reaching a position for mounting. The trailers are mounted to the rail car by locking the wheels in place and attaching the front of the trailer to a stanchion attached to the bed of the rail car. One difficulty with loading semi-trailers on intermodal trains stems from the need to raise the Semi-trailer onto the elevated rail car. In some instances, this difficulty is avoided by loading each semi-trailer using a crane, i.e., by lifting each trailer into position. In other systems, one rail car is positioned adjacent a concrete platform having ramps allowing the semi-trailers to be driven onto the platform from whence they can then be manipulated onto the rail car. This latter technique restricts loading and unloading to special locations. Another attempt to overcome the above difficulty is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,222,443. This patent describes a special ramp car which comprises two overlapping ramps, each mounted to a respective set of wheels. In a lowered position, each ramp is attached to an adjacent rail car at its respective wheeled end so that two ramps exist for driving trailers onto two sections of an intermodal train. When loading is completed, the two ramps are returned to their overlapping position to form a rail car assembly having a set of wheels on each end. This particular apparatus is complicated, requiring control and power devices for separating and assembling the ramps. Another attempt to overcome the problem, but with considerable complexities, is shown in US-A-3153489. The preamble of claim 1 has been based on this document. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention seeks to provide a rail car transportable ramp suitable for use in circus style loading of semi-trailers on rail cars. In accordance with the invention, there is provided a combination rail car and ramp assembly for loading of semi-trailers comprising; a flatbed rail car having at least one loading end for accepting unloading of semi-trailers; a ramp including a pair of parallel, spaced ramp members having a first end adapted to be supported on a ground level surface and a second end adapted to be releasably engaged with said loading end of said rail car; a rigid cross-member extending between said parallel spaced ramp members adjacent said first end thereof and; roller means on said rail car for engagement with said parallel spaced ramp members; said parallel, spaced ramp members being shorter in length than said rail car so as to enable transport of said ramp members on said rail car; said roller means extending transversely of said rail car and positioned on said rail car at said loading end, said roller means engaging an undersurface of said ramp members when said ramp members are being moved between said loading position and said transport position; latch means attached to said second ends of said ramp members; characterised by a slanted surface on each of opposite sides of said loading end of said car comprising a first plate affixed to one side of said car and a second plate affixed to the other side of said car so as to abuttingly engage with said latch means as the ramp is drawn into the loading position and to releasably hold the ramp when the ramp is in the loading position; and said rigid cross member rigidly connecting the ramp members together. Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, a ramp is provided which can be stored on the bed of a flat bed rail car during transit and can be easily positioned and locked to an end of a rail car for loading/unloading of trailers. The ramp comprises a pair of spaced runways joined together at one end. The one end is designed to rest substantially flush on a ground surface when a second end of the ramp is locked into loading position on a rail car. The trailers can then be driven onto the ramp between the rail car and ground for loading and unloading. one form of attachment of the second end of the ramp to the rail car is by modifying the rail car to include a V-shaped recess at one end incorporating a roller at the intersection of the recess and rail car surface. A flange on the ramp seats in the recess when the ramp is in a loading position. The roller facilitates loading/unloading of the ramp onto the rail car bed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in greater detail, by way of example with reference to the drawings in which: FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a section of an intermodal train, showing transport of loading ramps according to one aspect of the present invention; FIG. 2 illustrates separation of the ramp-carrying rail cars of FIG. 1, with the ramps in a loading/unloading position; FIGS. 3A - 3D illustrate the process for moving a ramp between a transport position and the position of FIG. 2; and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a ramp in an intermediate position corresponding to the elevation view of FIG. 3B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a section of an intermodal train including a first group of articulated flat cars 10 and a second group of articulated flat cars 12 coupled together by means of a conventional rail car coupler 14. Each of the articulated flat car groups 10 and 12 comprises individual articulated flat cars 16 of a type used conventionally in intermodal train systems. Typically, the cars are 15 to 18 metres (50-60 feet) in length and designed to hold a single large semi-trailer 18 or two shorter semi-trailers. Each trailer 18 is supported at its rear end by a conventional wheel and axle set 20 and at the front end by a stanchion 22 which attaches to a kingpin (not shown) on the front end of the trailer. Each end of rail cars 16 is attached to a conventional truck or wheel axle set 24 which rides on rails 26. As previously discussed, a difficulty in carrying semi-trailers 18 on rail cars 16 steps from the need for lifting the semi-trailers onto the elevated flat beds of cars 16. In applicant's invention, semi-trailers 18 are positioned on the rail cars by being driven onto the cars via ramps 30 which are carried on the flat beds of rail cars 16 beneath the front end portions of semi-trailers 18. FIG. 2 shows a simplified representation of the train of FIG. 1 in which coupler 14 has been disconnected to allow rail cars 16 to be spaced apart and each ramp 30 to be moved from beneath a semi-trailer 18 to a position connected to a loading end of a respective rail car 16 with a distal end of the ramp resting on a ground surface. In this position, a yard tractor, or hostler of a type conventionally used to move semi-trailers, can be connected to trailers 18 so that the trailers can be removed from rail cars 16 by merely driving the yard tractor with each semi-trailer attached, one-by-one, down a respective one of ramps 30. As is well known, the articulated car section of an intermodal train consists of a group of such cars so that the semi-trailers can be loaded onto and unloaded from the rail cars in circus style. More particularly, unloading begins by driving a first semi-trailer up onto ramp 30 and along several of the interconnected articulated cars to the end of a section. The semi-trailer is then disconnected from the yard tractor and mounted on a stanchion 22. The yard tractor then returns and picks up another trailer, backing it down the length of several articulated cars 16 until it is positioned adjacent the previously positioned semi-trailer. In this manner, the semi-trailers are sequentially loaded by driving the tractor with a trailer down the length of several of articulated cars 16. FIGS. 3A through 3D show the process of loading or unloading ramp 30 onto one of rail cars 16. FIG. 3A illustrates a yard tractor or hostler 32 positioned adjacent an end of one of rail cars 16, with a cable and hook assembly connected to an end of ramp 30. As tractor 32 is driven forward, ramp 30 is dragged in the same direction along the top of rail car 16. A roller 36 situated near the end of the rail car facilitates movement of ramp 30 along the top of the rail car. The roller is located at a breakpoint between the top of the rail car surface and a sloped surface 38 demarcating a cutaway region at the end of the rail car. A plate 50 is affixed, as by welding, to the side of the rail car and provides a slanted surface 46 against which a flange 44 near the end of ramp 30 rests. FIG. 3B shows ramp 30 as it has been moved partially forward so that the lower section of the ramp is resting on roller 36. The hostler has been omitted from FIGS. 3B, 3C and 3D, but will be understood to be a device that is usable to push or pull ramp 30 onto the rail car surface. In FIG. 3C, the end of ramp 30 is shown to have a tapered surface 40 which slides on roller 36 and allows the ramp to slide down sloped surface 38 until flange 44 abuts plate 50 or, during a loading process, allows the ramp to be pushed backward up the roller onto surface 42 of rail car 16. In FIG. 3D, ramp 30 is shown in its final assembled position with regard to rail car 16, with flange 44 on the side of ramp 30 now engaged against slanted surface 46 of plate 50. In this position, ramp 30 provides a substantially continuous surface from ground level 48 up to the top surface 42 of rail car 16. If desired, clamps can be provided to clamp flange 44 to plate 50 so that flange 44 is retained against surface 46. However, if the weight of the ramp combined with the weight of any load being applied to the ramp is sufficient to assure that -flange 44 does not move away from surface 46 of plate 50, flange 44 and surface 46 of plate 50 together form a locking mechanism for locking the ramp to the rail car. In FIG. 4, which is a top view of ramp 30 partially seated on the top surface of rail car 16, flanges 44 are shown to extend outward of each side of ramp 30 and are designed to react against plates or end members 50 on each side of the rail car. Ramp 30 comprises a pair of runways 30A and 30B joined together at a forward end by a cross member 30C. By splitting the ramp into the two runway sections, the ramp can be slid onto the top surface of the rail car with the stanchion 22 positioned between the runways. An aperture 52 provides a convenient means of connecting a hook and cable assembly 34 (shown In FIG. 3A) to ramp 30 to enable the ramp to be pulled forward from the top of the rail car. While ramp 30 is shown in FIG. 3D as being essentially a box structure having a top surface 54 supported on a pair of spaced side members 56, it will be appreciated that other forms of this structure could be utilized for ramps 30. For example, each of ramps 30 could be formed with a single I-beam support member 56. While the invention has been described in what is presently considered to be a preferred embodiment, various modifications and improvements will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the specific illustrated embodiment but be interpreted within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: A combination rail car and ramp assembly for loading of semi-trailers comprising; a flatbed rail car (16) having at least one loading end for accepting unloading of semi-trailers (18); a ramp (30) including a pair of parallel, spaced ramp members (30A, 30B) having a first end adapted to be supported on a ground level surface (48) and a second end adapted to be releasably engaged with said loading end of said rail car; a rigid cross-member (30C) extending between said parallel spaced ramp members (30A, 30B) adjacent said first end thereof and; roller means (36) on said rail car (16) for engagement with said parallel spaced ramp members (30A, 30B); said parallel, spaced ramp members (30A, 30B) being shorter in length than said rail car (16) so as to enable transport of said ramp members (30A, 30B) on said rail car (16); said roller means (36) extending transversely of said rail car (16) and positioned on said rail car (16) at said loading end, said roller means (36) engaging an undersurface of said ramp members when said ramp members are being moved between said loading position and said transport position; latch means (44) attached to said second ends of said ramp members (30A, 30B); characterised by a slanted surface (46) on each of opposite sides of said loading end of said car (16) comprising a first plate affixed to one side of said car and a second plate affixed to the other side of said car so as to abuttingly engage with said latch means (44) as the ramp is drawn into the loading position and to releasably hold the ramp (30) on the railcar in this latched position; and said rigid cross member (30C) rigidly connecting the ramp members (30A, 30B) together. The combination of claim 1, when the said rail car (16) has a sloped surface (38) at said loading end. The combination of claim 2, wherein the roller means includes a pair of rollers (36) adjacent in upper end of said sloped surface (38) and aligned with said ramp members, said rollers each engaging an undersurface of one of said ramp members (30A, 30B). The combination of claim 2 wherein said roller means includes a roller extending across said rail car and positioned on said rail car adjacent an upper end of said sloped surface (38), said roller engaging an undersurface of said ramp members (30A, 30B). The combination of claim 2,3 or 4, wherein said latch means (44) comprises a transversely extending flange on each of said ramp members (30A, 30B) respectively, for engagement with said slanted surface (46) at opposite sides of said loading end of said rail car so as to releasably support the second end of said ramp members when said ramp members are positioned for loading of semi-trailers.

Inventors: LONG JAMES, LONG, JAMES
Applicants: GEN ELECTRIC, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B61D47
IPC codes: B61D47