Scanning unit with independent spring-loaded document control components mounted on an integrated chassis

Abstract: In a scanning unit such as a facsimile machine, an automatic document feeder transports individual sheets from a stack of documents along a document path over a scanning window to an output tray. An upper guide member includes an integrated rigid chassis for positioning document control components adjacent the scanning window. The document control components included a central pre-scanning pinch roller, a full width hold-down limiter, and a central post-scanning pinch roller which are each mounted with their own separate biasing springs on the integrated chassis. Two elongated wire springs respectively engage both ends of the hold-down limiter, while two sets of cantilever leaf springs provide strong and weak spring biasing, respectively, to the pre-scanning and post-scanning pinch rollers.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This case relates generally to document feeders for picking sheets of documents already having data thereon, and more particularly to a scanning unit and method for feeding an individual document sheet along a document path past a scanning window comprising an upper guide member; a central pre-scanning pinch roller; first mounting means for rotatably mounting said pre-scanning pinch roller on said upper guide member adjacent the document path before the scanning window, said first mounting means including first spring means for providing a first spring bias to hold the document sheet against a first drive roller; a central post-scanning pinch roller; and second mounting means for rotatably mounting said post-scanning pinch roller on said upper guide member adjacent the document path after the scanning window, said second mounting means including second spring means for providing a second spring bias to hold the document sheet against a second drive roller; as known from US-A-4 508 444. Prior art scanning units have typically had a myriad of parts making up the document path. This has typically resulted in complicated referencing between adjoining parts which produces larger tolerance variations. Accordingly, misfeeds often occur, and the quality of scanning is often unsatisfactory, thereby resulting in bad outputs such as at a facsimile receiver. Prior solutions have failed to adequately deal with the problem, and the multiple parts have required more intervention during assembly of the products, and greater paper path disruption, as well as imprecise referencing between elements on a rigid frame and matching elements on an upper document guide which is typically move between a closed scanning position and an open position to allow manual accessibility. What is needed is a document picking and transport system which provides the advantages of improved reliability and output quality due to decreased assembly time and intervention, decreased part count, decreased interruption of the document path, and improved document control while scanning. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a scanning unit according to claim 1, an automatic document feeder transports individual sheets from a stack of documents along a document path over a scanning window to an output tray. An upper guide member includes an integrated rigid chassis for positioning document control components adjacent the scanning window. The document control components included a central pre-scanning pinch roller, a full width hold-down limiter, and a central post-scanning pinch roller which are each mounted with their own separate biasing springs on the integrated chassis. Two elongated wire springs respectively engage both ends of the hold-down limiter, while two sets of cantilever leaf springs provide strong and weak spring biasing, respectively, to the pre-scanning and post-scanning pinch rollers. Both pinch rollers are identical, with the pre-scanning pinch roller acting as an idler to a matching primary drive roller, and the post-scanning pinch roller acting as an idler to a matching auxiliary drive roller. The pinch rollers are preferably made of hard plastic and the drive rollers made of rubber-like material. The two sets of cantilever leaf springs each include identical individual spring plates fixedly attached on one end to the integrated chassis and having an aperture at the other free end for receiving a stationary axle which rotatably mounts a pinch roller. By providing and using differently spaced mounting holes on the identical leaf springs, the actual length of the cantilever is shortened for mounting the pre-scanning pinch roller and is lengthened for mounting the post-scanning pinch roller. The hold-down limiter is loosely mounted on both ends by tabs extending through corresponding slots in the integrated chassis. In order to avoid obstruction of the document path, the hold-down limiter is bent to provide a first portion angled upwardly from the scanning window into a recessed slot in the integrated chassis extending across the document path. The elongated wire spring has both ends positioned in the integrated chassis, with the wire passing through and around the end of a lever arm of the hold-down limiter to provide a biasing force against the portion of a document passing across the scanning window. A method of the invention is described in claim 14. This application is related to European patent applications EP-A-0 706 894 and EP-A-0 706 895, both prior art according to article 54(3) EPC, as well as European co-pending applications EP-A-0 707 972 and EP-A-0 707 975 filed 16.10.1995. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a facsimile machine incorporating a presently preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a back perspective view of the machine of FIG. 1 with its upper automatic document guide in open position exposing the document path past a scanning station; FIG. 3 is a presently preferred stripper or pick roller; FIGS. 4 and 5 are side view illustrating the dynamic action of the pick roller of FIG. 3 and a presently preferred separator assembly which together enable individual document sheets to be picked one by one from a stack; FIG. 6 is a side cut-away view of the scanner unit of the facsimile machine of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is a partial isometric view of a chassis portion of an upper guide member in closed position on a frame; FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of FIG. 7 looking up at the latching mechanism and certain reference datums; FIG. 9 is a complete side view of FIG. 7; FIG. 10 is a side view of the frame portion of FIG. 7 showing the transfer gears from a motor to the pick roller, pre-scanning primary drive roller and post-scanning (kickout) secondary drive roller; FIG. 11 is a side view of a chassis mounted on an upper guide member having a control/display member; FIG. 12 is a side view of only the chassis portion of FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary view of FIG. 12 showing a spring-biased limiter; FIG. 14 is a bottom view looking up at a portion of FIG. 11; and FIG. 15 is a top view of only the chassis portion of FIG. 11, with the separator assembly mounted thereon, and showing the spring-biased mounting of the pre-scanning and post-scanning pinch rollers. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments Generally speaking, the invention includes a scanning unit such as a facsimile machine, an automatic document feeder transports individual sheets from a stack of documents along a document path over a scanning window to an output tray. An upper guide member includes an integrated rigid chassis for positioning document control components adjacent the scanning window. The document control components included a central pre-scanning pinch roller, a full width hold-down limiter, and a central post-scanning pinch roller which are each mounted with their own separate biasing springs on the integrated chassis. Two elongated wire springs respectively engage both ends of the hold-down limiter, while two sets of cantilever leaf springs provide strong and weak spring biasing, respectively, to the pre-scanning and post-scanning pinch rollers. In that regard, the invention is best understood in connection with the illustrated embodiments shown in the drawings, as described in more detail below. Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of a facsimile machine 10 incorporating the preferred embodiment paper separator mechanism. Facsimile machine 10 contains a paper tray 12 which is downward directed so that a paper stack 14 placed into tray 12 is urged toward the receiving portion of machine 10 by gravity. The paper stack 14 enters a slot in the back of machine 10. A paper separation mechanism within machine 10 pulls one sheet of paper at a time from the bottom of the stack 14 so that printing on the sheet may be read and subsequently transmitted by the facsimile machine 10 in a well known manner. The sheet may also be copied by machine 10. In another embodiment, machine 10 is a printer which feeds in blank sheets of paper for printing thereon. The individual sheets of paper are then outputted through exit slot 16. A printing mechanism (not shown) is also provided in the complete machine 10 for printing received facsimile transmissions. The printing mechanism, which may be an inkjet or laser printer, can also be used when machine 10 is used as a copier or printer. Fig. 2 is a back perspective view of the facsimile machine 10 with its hinged top portion 17 lifted up to reveal the paper separation and paper transport mechanisms. Paper feed tray 12 has been removed in Fig. 2 for simplicity. When top portion 17 is in its closed position, shown in Fig. 1, and paper stack 14 is placed in paper tray 12, the front edge of the stack extending over shelf 18 abuts against a rubber stripper roller 20, and paper-feed springs 22 and 24 provide a downward force on paper stack 14. When stripper roller 20 rotates, the frictional force between roller 20 and the bottom sheet, and the frictional forces between the bottom sheet and the overlying sheets, pull the paper sheets further into machine 10. A rubber separator pad 26, biased downward by a separator spring 27 (obscured in Fig. 2), effectively blocks all sheets but the bottom sheet so that only the bottom sheet directly contacted by the rubber stripper roller 20 is forwarded past separator pad 26. In one embodiment the average forwarding speed of stripper roller 20 is about 12 mm/sec. A downstream, rubber main feed roller 30 is rotated so as to have a faster paper forwarding speed (e.g., 26 mm/sec.) than stripper roller 20. Thus, when the bottom sheet of paper is sufficiently forwarded by stripper roller 20 to be between main feed roller 30 and an opposing passive roller 32, the bottom sheet will be pulled by main feed roller 30 (rather than pushed by stripper roller 20) to ensure that the paper speed is constant and correct across window 34 or any printing mechanism. Stripper roller 20 is driven via a slip clutch, which allows stripper roller 20 to rotate at the increased forwarding speed of main feed roller 30 when a single sheet of paper simultaneously contacts both rollers 20 and 30. Main feed roller 30 forwards the paper over a window 34, below which resides the necessary optical detection electronics for detecting the printing on the bottom sheet. Such optical electronics can be conventional and will not be described in detail herein. If machine 10 were solely a printer, window 34 and the optical electronics may be replaced by a printing mechanism. A kick-out roller 36, in conjunction with a passive opposing roller 38, has a 2% faster forwarding speed than main feed roller 30 to ensure that there is no slack in the paper between rollers 30 and 36. The pulling force of main feed roller 30 is approximately 13,5 N (3 pounds), while the pulling force of kick-out roller 36 is approximately 6,75 N (1.5 pounds), so the speed of the paper is controlled by main feed roller 30 rather than kick-out roller 36. A single stepper motor drives each of the rollers 20, 30, and 36, and gear mechanisms and slip clutch mechanisms are used for driving rollers 20, 30, and 36 at the required rotational speeds and forces. The users of the facsimile machine 10, when placing the paper stack 14 in position on tray 12, will insert the stack 14 into machine 10 with varying amounts of force depending upon what tactile feedback the user believes is required to indicate a proper positioning of the stack. If the expected tactile feedback force is very light, then no sheets may be grabbed by the rotating stripper roller 20, since there is insufficient friction between roller 20 and the bottom sheet. If the user expects a high degree of tactile feedback, the stack 14 will be wedged deeply between stripper roller 20 and the opposing springs 22, 24, and 27, thus possibly causing multiple sheets to be simultaneously forwarded downstream by stripper roller 20. The below-described stripper roller 20 and opposing spring assembly (comprising springs 22, 24, and 27 and separator pad 26) improve the separating function of the stripper mechanism to compensate for the varying forces initially exerted on the paper stack 14 when the user inserts the stack 14 into machine 10. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment stripper roller 20. Stripper roller 20 includes eccentric kicker portions 40 and 42 located at the ends of the cylindrical middle portion 44 (also identified in Fig. 2). Stripper roller 20 is forcedly slipped over a stainless steel shaft 46 and is frictionally secured to shaft 46. Shaft 46 includes a flattened end 48 which is ultimately secured to a suitable slip clutch and gear mechanism within facsimile machine 10 for rotating stripper roller 20. A molded plastic shim 50 is attached to shaft 46 and includes an extension which is inserted under kicker portion 40 to create the eccentricity of kicker portion 40. An identical shim 51 is used to create the eccentricity of kicker portion 42. Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the operation of the accentric kicker portions 40 and 42 as the apex 60 makes a first revolution after a paper stack 14 is inserted into the facsimile machine 10. In Fig. 10, a user inserts a paper stack 14 in the direction shown by arrow 61 between paper-feed springs 22/24 and kicker portions 40/42 of roller 20. The user senses the resistance to further insertion of the paper stack 14 and releases the paper stack 14. The actual extent to which the paper stack 14 is inserted between roller 20 and paper-feed springs 22/24 thus varies depending upon the user. As the apex 60 is rotated toward the paper stack 14, the downward force applied by paper-feed springs 22/24 is thus increased (causing the friction between the kicker portions 40/42 and the bottom paper sheet to be increased). At the same time, the apex 60 of kicker portions 40/42 effectively reaches out to contact a greater bottom surface area of the bottom paper sheet so that the bottom sheet is pulled forward by the direct frictional contact with the kicker portions 40/42, while the other sheets are pulled forward with less force by their friction with this bottom sheet. The downward angle of paper-feed springs 22/24 causes the paper stack 14 to spread forward to resemble a staircase (Fig. 5 ), while the bottom sheet or bottom few sheets continue to be carried forward by the high friction between the kicker portions 40/42 and the bottom sheet. Fig. 5 illustrates the position of stack 14 after being carried forward during the first rotation of stripper roller 20 at the point where apex 60 has now completed its function and advanced the bottom sheet 64 or bottom few sheets to be in contact with the rubber separator pad 26. During this next stage, the friction between the bottom sheet 64 and the rotating roller 20 continues to push the bottom sheet 64 out from under separator pad 26, while the sheets overlying this bottom sheet 64 are held back by contact with separator pad 26 and slip with respect to the bottom sheet 64. After the bottom sheet 64 has exited from between separator pad 26 and stripper roller 20, the next sheet comes in direct contact with the rubber surface of the stripper roller 20 and is thus forced under the separator pad 26, while the separator pad 26, in conjunction with the angled paper-feed springs 22 and 24, hold back the remainder of the sheets. Once the bottom sheet being passed under separator pad 26 reaches the main feed roller 30 shown in Fig. 2, then the main feed roller 30 controls the forwarding of the bottom sheet, as previously described with respect to Fig. 2. Referring back to Figs. 1-2, it will be understood that top portion 17 generally constitutes an upper guide member which is held in a closed position during scanning by a pair of upstanding spring latches 70/71. The various document control components previously described including a composite separator assembly 72, and the passive rollers 32/38 are mounted in a rigid chassis 74 preferably made of sheet metal. Also directly mounted on the chassis are electrostatic discharge devices (ESD) such as conductive brushes 76 located adjacent the document path exit 16. The preferred embodiment provides a display window 78 on a display/control panel 80 which have respective circuit board components 82/84 shown by dotted lines which are sandwiched against the chassis 74. A ground plate (not shown) framing the display pane is directly grounded to the metallic chassis which also acts as a shield to protect the circuit board elements from damage by ESD. The chassis is grounded to the frame by a separate ground wire (not shown) and also through a metallic pivot hinge to be described hereinafter. The details of the scanner are best shown in Fig. 6, including a LED illumination array 86, an opaque baffle 88, a transparent scanning window 90, and mirrors 91/92/93 which transfer the optical signals from a document being scanned through a lens 94 to a CCD array 100. A limiter 95 having level portion 96, angled portion 97, lever arms 98, and mounting fingers 99 is spring biased to press a document somewhat tightly out of its normal position between the two drive rollers to a predetermined location in close proximity but preferably not touching the scanning window. The angled portion helps guide the document without obstructing the document path. A white background for calibration purposes is provided on bottom surfaces of the level and angled portions 96/97, such as Kimdura plasticized paper which is specialized optical material having suitable optical characteristics as well as suitable durability during normal use and cleaning. The limiter is spring loaded to exert a force of at least 0,5 N (1/10 of a pound) in order to overcome any counterbalancing from the document sheet. In reality, the actual spring force use is about five times that minimum amount to avoid the need for precise tolerances during manufacturing. In order to achieve the proper picking and transporting of document sheets past the scanning window, the following preferred specifications have been used for the driven rollers: diameter hardness doc. speed spr. force PickRoller 19 mm 30 shoreA 12.7 mm/sec N/A PreScanRoller 12.7 mm 50 shoreA 25.9 mm/sec 2 x 7,2 N (1.6 lbs) PostScanRoller 12.9 mm 50 shoreA 26.3 mm/sec 2 x 8,1 N (1.8 lbs) Figs. 7-9 show the details of the pivotal hinging, as well as the referencing and latching between the chassis of the upper guide member and the frame. The latch spring mechanism includes a base 102, a frame mounting pine 103, chassis lip 104, a V-shaped spring extension 105, and a chassis aperture 106. An upstanding arm 110 has a shoulder surface 111 which engages a Z-datum surface 112 on the chassis, and also has a tapered tongue 113 with a reference edge 114 to engage a reference seat 115 on the chassis and a non-reference edge which preferably has a slight clearance relative to the reference seat. Both of the V-shaped spring extensions push outwardly, as well as downwardly to securely engage the reference surfaces. Each pivotal arm 120 on the chassis potentially abuts a downwardly facing secondary datum 121 as it moves between open and closed positions in a pivoting slot 122 in the frame. A wire spring 125 is suspended between two bridge elements 126, 127 and passes through an aperture 128 and around the end of the lever arm of the limiter to provide the aforementioned spring biasing (see Fig. 13). In summary, there are Y-axis datums formed by the edge 114 of arm 110 of the frame and the mating surface of seat 115 of the chassis and Z-axis datums formed by the shoulder surface 111 on upstanding arm 110 and the mating surface 112 of the chassis as well as by pivotal arm 120 and secondary datum 121. Figs. 10 shows the gear train going from a motor shaft 130 through first and second transfer gears 131/132 to pick roller gear 133, through first transfer gear 131 to pre-scanning roller gear 134, and through third transfer gear 135 to post-scanning roller gear 136. The holes for the gear shafts are respectively shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 shows the chassis mounted on the upper guide member which has a slotted guide 138 with a flex-arm to temporarily hold the upper guide member in open position and a stop 139 to prevent opening the upper guide member too far. Fig. 12 shows the same view of the chassis separate from the upper guide member. Fig. 14 shows the positioning of the separation assembly and the two idler rollers as well as the mounting screw hole 140 for the wire spring. Slots 142/143 are for a first sensor flag to detect documents inserted for scanning, and a second sensor flag to detect a single document sheet which has already been picked and is headed for the scanning window. Fig. 15 shows one cantilever leaf spring 150 (its mate is not shown) mounted on a first hole 151 to provide a short cantilever arm 152, and a second identical cantilever leaf spring 154 (its mate is not shown) mounted on a second hole 155 to provide a longer cantilever arm 156. Each idler roller is a hollow hard plastic roller which is mounted on a stationary axle 158 held in lengthwise position by flange brackets 160 and held in Z-axis position by small holes 162 in each of the cantilever leaf springs. The cantilever leaf springs also include a positioning flange for mounting on their upstanding brackets 164.

Claims: A scanning unit for feeding an individual document sheet along a document path past a scanning window (34) comprising: an upper guide member (17,74); a central pre-scanning pinch roller (32) ; first mounting means (150,158,160,162) for rotatably mounting said pre-scanning pinch roller (32) on said upper guide member adjacent the document path before the scanning window, said first mounting means including first spring means (150) for providing a first spring bias to hold the document sheet against a first drive roller (30); a central post-scanning pinch roller (38); and second mounting means (154,158,162) for rotatably mounting said post-scanning pinch roller (38) on said upper guide member adjacent the document path after the scanning window, said second mounting means including second spring means (154) for providing a second spring bias to hold the document sheet against a second drive roller (38); characterized in that said first drive roller (30) constitutes a primary drive roller, and said second drive roller (36) constitutes a secondary drive roller, with said first spring means (150) providing a first spring bias having a greater force than said second spring bias (154). The scanning unit of claim 1, which further includes a hold-down limiter (95) extending across the document path, with a white surface thereon; and third mounting means (99) for mounting said hold-down limiter on said upper guide member adjacent the document path over the scanning window (34) with said white surface facing the scanning window, said third mounting means including a third spring means (125) for providing a third spring bias to hold the document sheet in close proximity to the scanning window. The scanning unit of claim 2, wherein said third mounting means includes a tab member separate from said third spring means for attaching said hold-down limiter to said upper guide member. The scanning unit of claim 2 or 3, wherein said hold-down limiter (95) includes a first portion (97) angled upwardly from the scanning window to avoid any obstruction of the document path, wherein said white surface extends along at least part of said first portion. The scanning unit of claim 4, wherein said guide portion includes a recessed slot for receiving said first portion (97) of said hold-down limiter (95). The scanning unit of one of claims 2 to 5, wherein said hold-down limiter (95) extends across the full width of the document path, and wherein said spring means (125) includes two elongated wire springs which respectively engage opposite ends of said hold-down limiter. The scanning unit of one of claims 2 to 6, wherein said hold-down limiter (95) includes an arm at each of its ends, and wherein each of said wire springs (125) engage one of said arms. The scanning unit of one of the preceding claims, wherein said first spring means (150) includes a pair of cantilever springs (150) each fixedly attached at one end to said guide member (74) and having a free end for mounting said pre-scanning pinch roller (32). The scanning unit of one of the preceding claims, wherein said second spring means (154) includes a pair of cantilever spring (154) each fixedly attached at one end to said guide member (74) and having a free end for mounting said post-scanning pinch roller (36). The scanning unit of one of the preceding claims, wherein said pre-scanning pinch roller (32) and said post-scanning pinch roller (38) are substantially identical. The scanning unit of one of the preceding claims, wherein said guide member (74) constitutes a rigid chassis made of sheet metal or the like. The scanning unit of one of the preceding claims, wherein said first and second spring means (150,154) include identical cantilever leaf spring members capable of different mounting positions on said guide member (74) in order to achieve different spring bias forces against said pre-scanning pinch roller (32) and said post-scanning pinch roller (38). A facsimile device having a scanning unit according to one of the preceding claims. A method of mounting and positioning document control components in a scanning unit which transports individual sheets of documents along a document path past a scanning window (34) comprising the following steps: providing a rigid chassis (74) which defines an upper guide for the document path; mounting a pre-scanning idler pinch roller (32) on the rigid chassis by suspending the pinch roller between two cantilever springs (150) which exert a first spring bias force; mounting a post-scanning idler pinch roller (38) on the rigid chassis by suspending the pinch roller between two cantilever springs (154) which exert a second spring bias force smaller than the first spring bias force of said first mounting step; and mounting a hold-down limiter (95) on the rigid chassis between the two idler pinch rollers, including loosely attaching the hold-down limiter to the rigid chassis; attaching a separate spring (125) to the rigid chassis; and engaging the hold-down limiter with the separate spring to exert a third spring bias force. The method of claim 14, wherein said suspending steps include suspending the pinch rollers (32,38) on a stationary axle between two cantilever leaf springs (150,154). The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein said attaching step includes attaching a wire spring (125) to the rigid chassis (74) and wherein said engaging step includes engaging a lever arm (98) of the hold-down limiter with the wire spring. The method of claim 14, 15 or 16, which further includes providing a first portion (97) on the hold-down limiter (95) which angles upwardly from the scanning window to avoid obstructing the document path; and covering a surface of the hold-down limiter (95) which faces the scanning window with a white coating, including covering the first portion of the hold-down limiter with a white coating. The method of one of claims 14 to 17, which further includes the steps of positioning the hold-down limiter (95) in a default position; calibrating a scanner through the scanning window (34) located between the pre-scanning idler pinch roller (32) and the post-scanning idler pinch roller (38); and exerting a sufficient third spring bias force provided by said engaging step to overcome any document sheet tension of a document sheet passing by the scanning window in order to minimize any change of position of the hold-down limiter (95) from its default position of said positioning step.

Inventors: DOAN ALPHA N, WILCOX DARREN W, DOAN, ALPHA N., WILCOX, DARREN W.
Applicants: HEWLETT PACKARD CO, HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B41J25
IPC codes: B65H5, B41J13, H04N1, B65H3, G03G15