Printing apparatus and a control method therefor

Abstract: Printing to and MICR code reading from a cut-sheet form imprinted with an MICR code, such as personal checks, are continuously accomplished by means of a single apparatus, thereby simplifying processing and reducing the required installation space. A magnetic head (31) and a magnet (32) for reading the MICR code are disposed in a paper path (20) provided in a housing (11) of the printing apparatus. Any personal check (16) in paper path (20) is held by cut-sheet form loading rollers (23) and/or transportation rollers (29), which operate at a synchronized speed, and is passed over magnetic head (31) for MICR code reading. Thereafter, personal check (16) is held by loading rollers (23) and/or transportation rollers (29) for endorsement printing by a print head (13).

Description: The present invention relates to a printing apparatus used in point-of-sale (POS), electronic cash register (ECR), and other systems with which money is handled, and relates particularly to a printing apparatus suited for use with systems that also process checks imprinted with a magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) code. Personal checks are commonly used in place of cash or credit cards to pay for purchases made at retail establishments. Personal checks are issued by a bank and imprinted on one side with the account number of the user, a serial tracking number, routing codes, and other information. The validity or invalidity of a personal check can be confirmed by referencing this data. MICR codes are classified as E13B or CMC7 codes based on differences in character shape, print quality and other standards, and the MICR printing position on the check is also standardized. Because the MICR codes are printed using a magnetic ink, the MICR codes can be converted to a current waveform by passing the check over the magnetic head magnetized by a magnet. Because the waveforms differ according to the character represented, the characters can be recognized by analyzing the current waveforms. Apparatuses for reading these MICR codes have been commonly used for many years, and are known as magnetic ink character readers (also MICR). The MICR reads the imprinted MICR codes as a personal check is passed over the magnetic head. The magnetic head output is then interpreted and converted to character data, which is then output through an interface to the POS terminal controller. When a store receives a check from a customer and the check is confirmed valid using the MICR, the check is then endorsed by printing check approval, the store name, store account number, and/or other information on the back of the check. Because this endorsement is commonly printed by a printer, the operator must remove the check from the MICR and set it into the printer. The check is then stored after being endorsed to complete personal check processing. To process a personal check at a POS station in a retail establishment, the personal check must be passed through the MICR and then set into the printer, and the operator must therefore repeatedly set each personal check into plural devices installed at the POS station, i.e., the MICR and the printer. If the personal check is inserted to either device with the front and back of the check improperly positioned, MICR character recognition will fail or the endorsement will be printed to the wrong side of the check. Furthermore, this process can be inherently confusing because the insertion direction and orientation of the check front and back differ, and the processing time per customer is inevitably increased. EP-A-0 191 678 discloses a printing apparatus for processing vouchers, in particular checks. In this prior art a toothed belt is provided to apply pressure to a check and to drive it synchronously with the belt along a check path and past a magnetic detector and a print head. DE-A-37 04 059 discloses a printing apparatus according to the pre-characterizing part of claim 1. In this prior art, the magnetic detector is arranged to be movable along the recording medium between two end positions. As the magnetic detector approaches any of these end positions it becomes engaged with a respective cam face. As the magnetic detector moves along the cam face it is retracted from the recording medium thereby creating a gap between the magnetic detector and the media presser. The document US-A-4,196,846 discloses a printing apparatus with a magnetic detector in which a media presser is provided to press a recording medium being processed against the magnetic detector. The media presser is attached to a transport belt device so as to maintain a predetermined distance between the magnetic detector and the recording medium. The transport belt device is pivotally mounted so that it can be opened for removing a paper jam that may have occurred. Except for such paper jam condition, no change of the gap between the media presser and the magnetic detector is described in this document. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus whereby the operations required of the operator to process a personal check can be simplified. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of controlling such apparatus. These objects are achieved with a printing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 and a method as claimed in claims 34, respectively. Personal check processing can be accomplished in a short period of time without errors by means of the printing apparatus of the present invention, and customer service can therefore be improved and operator fatigue reduced. The printing apparatus of the invention is a compound process apparatus combining the functions MICR and a printer in a single device. Many functions are required of POS stations installed in retail stores, and the area occupied by such POS stations has tended to grow as new apparatuses are added to achieve these various functions. Because conventional printer and MICR units are separate devices, sufficient space must be provided to accommodate these two pieces of hardware. Furthermore, separate interfaces connecting the printer and MICR to the host device must also be provided and controlled. The printing apparatus of the present invention, however, reduces the required installation space, simplifies operation for the operator, and enables the design of POS stations providing excellent functionality and aesthetics. As POS station functionality increases, personal computers have been used as the POS station controller; some such controllers are also capable of providing the operator with appropriate guidance and help. However, as operation becomes more complex and the size of the help program increases, the processing speed (throughput) of the personal computer may drop. The printing apparatus of the present invention, however, resolves one source of operating complexity, and can therefore resolve the problem of reduced throughput. Reading the MICR code imprinted to a personal check or other cut-sheet form, and printing data to said cut-sheet form, can be continuously executed by a single apparatus because the printing apparatus of the present invention disposes both the magnetic head and the print head to a common paper path. It is therefore not necessary for the operator to reset the cut-sheet form to separate devices, and plural processes can be reliably completed in a short period of time. Furthermore, by combining two functions in a single apparatus, the number of devices installed to the POS station can be reduced, the POS station size can therefore be reduced, and a POS station that is easy to use and aesthetically pleasing can be achieved. By means of this printing apparatus, plural processes, including MICR code reading, initial setting of the cut-sheet form to the print head, MICR code recognition nearly simultaneous to cut-sheet form setting, and cut-sheet form printing by the print head, can be continuously executed without intervention by the operator. It is also possible to print automatically when the MICR code is determined valid, and to eject the cut-sheet form from the paper path without printing when the MICR code is not determined valid. Therefore, even though plural functions are combined, the operator can respond flexibly as needed according to MICR code recognition. If reading is not possible or the read data cannot be confirmed for some reason, the cut-sheet form is simply ejected, and the operator can respond by reinserting the cut-sheet form correctly or taking other appropriate measures. To enable even greater flexibility, a process for ejecting the cut-sheet form from the paper path during the confirmation process is provided so that processing can be canceled during the confirmation process. It is also possible to specify the start of MICR code reading, and to then cancel the start of reading during insertion of the cut-sheet form to the paper path before MICR code reading actually starts. A common transport means capable of transporting the cut-sheet form in the paper path to both the print head and the magnetic head can also be provided as an effective means of minimizing the size of the printing apparatus of the present invention. By using a common transport means, the space required for installing the transport means in the apparatus is reduced, and the total length of the paper path is shortened. The total number of parts is also reduced, and the number of required interfaces is reduced, thus leading to reduced manufacturing costs and simplification of the system incorporating the printing apparatus. When a common transport means is used, two transport speeds are also preferably used, a low speed for advancing the cut-sheet form to the print head, and a high speed for advancing the cut-sheet form to the magnetic head. When reading the MICR code, a relatively high transport speed is preferable to maintain the specified recognition rate. A relatively low transport speed is preferable during printing, however, to assure the desired print quality. By thus providing transport speeds suited to the respective functions, these different processes can be reliability executed. To stabilize the transport speed during MICR code reading, first and second rollers are preferably disposed to the paper path before and after the magnetic head. Because the cut-sheet form is held by at least one of the rollers as it passes the magnetic head, the cut-sheet form can be transported at a stable speed. To further improve the MICR recognition rate, a media presser capable of pressing the cut-sheet form toward the detection surface of the magnetic head is disposed at a position opposite the magnetic head in the paper path. The cut-sheet forms inserted to the paper path may have been folded, wrinkled, and otherwise damaged in various ways. If the cut-sheet form is pressed to the magnetic head by the media presser, the cut-sheet form can be held tightly to the magnetic head during MICR code reading, and reading errors can be prevented. It is sufficient to provide two contact members in this media presser arrayed in series in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the paper travels, and the magnetic head and cut-sheet form can be held together with a known amount of pressure by providing one of these contact members in opposition to the magnetic head. If the cut-sheet form is also held at the same time by the other contact member, the cut-sheet form can be held with a constant tension equivalent to that applied at the magnetic head, and twisting or wrinkling of the paper in the paper path can be prevented. Preferably, the pressure applied by these contact members is also independently adjustable so that the resistance between these contact members, the magnetic head, and the other opposing member can be balanced. To assure smooth, accurate MICR code reading, presser rollers are provided on the media presser to advance while holding the cut-sheet form pressed to the detection surface positioned before the magnetic head. Note that these presser rollers may be non-driven, freely rotating rollers. To further reduce the resistance during paper transportation, the presser rollers may also be driven rollers synchronized to the other transport rollers provided in the paper path. This also helps prevent distortion of the cut-sheet form and curving of the form in the direction of travel. These head pressers become a resistance to cut-sheet form transportation when not reading the MICR code, and can easily wear due to contact with the paper or contribute to foreign matter adhering to the magnetic head. When the presser rollers are driven in synchronization to the transport rollers, they can also contribute to magnetic head wear. To prevent this, a gap adjustment means capable of moving the media presser and/or the magnetic head is provided. This gap adjustment means is capable of operating in at least two positions: a no-gap position wherein the media presser presses against the detection surface of the magnetic head during MICR code reading, and a gap position wherein there is a gap between the media presser and the detection surface of the magnetic head when the MICR code is not being read, e.g., during printing operations. The gap adjustment means are linked to the operation of the print head. By linking operation to print head operation, the gap adjustment means can be achieved without adding additional drive or control mechanisms. For example, it is possible to move the print head widthwise to the paper path outside the available printing range at one side of the paper, and to move the media presser and/or magnetic head in conjunction with this movement. When the media presser or magnetic head is thus moved, the gap adjustment means is preferably constituted by means of a non-magnetic member to minimize any fluctuation in the magnetic field near the detection surface of the magnetic head. A cover is also preferably provided between the paper path and the top of the magnetic head or media presser to prevent paper chaff from entering the gap opened between the magnetic head and media presser. To further improve the MICR code recognition rate, a path member curving the paper path in the direction of paper travel may be provided as part of the paper path, and the magnetic head positioned at this curve in the path. Tension can thus be applied by this curve in the path to straighten and remove any wrinkles or creases in the cut-sheet form. It is also necessary to reduce magnetic noise to further improve the MICR code recognition rate. Noise can occur easily when there are signals in which the intensity or polarity of the magnetic force varies, such as from the stepping motors used to drive the apparatus. Such magnetic noise can be greatly reduced by stopping all motors except those required for paper transport during MICR code reading, and can be further reduced by covering the drive motors of the transport means with a ferromagnetic shield member. This shield member may be a simple box-like member of which the corners are formed from an integral, seamless component. This is because magnetic noise leakage will increase greatly when there are gaps at the corners. By also providing a high magnetic permeability shield at a position before and opposite the detection surface of the magnetic head, or after said magnetic head, the flux density in the area around the magnetic head can be reduced, and magnetic noise can thereby be cut significantly. The paper path should also be made as short as possible as a means of reducing the size of the printing apparatus according to the present invention. The paper path can be shortened by reducing the gap between the magnetic head and the print head. By additionally using a transport means capable of advancing the cut-sheet form in either direction (forward and reverse) in the paper path, a single paper path can also be used for both the printing and MICR code reading processes. As a result, the printing apparatus of the present invention can be contained more compactly. When detecting the MICR code before printing, it is furthermore preferable to detect the MICR code while advancing the cut-sheet form in a first direction through the paper path, obtain the print start position based on the distance the cut-sheet form is advanced to complete MICR code reading, and then control cut-sheet form transportation accordingly. The cut-sheet form can therefore initially be positioned to the print head based on the MICR code detection timing, and thus indexed to the print head with good precision. During MICR code reading it is also preferable to advance the cut-sheet form after the leading edge of the form is detected by a paper detector or other means disposed at the beginning of the paper path until the leading edge reaches the magnetic head, and then press the cut-sheet form to the magnetic head so that there is no gap between the magnetic head and the media presser during MICR code reading. When reading is completed, the gap between the magnetic head and media presser is then opened. Furthermore, when there is a form stopper moving in and out of the paper path at the entry thereto for temporarily stopping the entry of a cut-sheet form to the paper path, the magnet disposed to the paper path for remagnetizing the magnetic pattern of the cut-sheet form is preferably provided on the inside of the paper path from the form stopper, i.e., on the magnetic head side of the form stopper. Because the condition of the paper path up to the form stopper cannot be assured, this magnet is preferably placed downstream from the form stopper to accomplish reliable remagnetization. Because other magnetic cards may also be accidentally placed near the opening to the paper path, placing the magnet downstream from the form stopper also serves to prevent functional impairment of such cards. Moreover, by placing the magnetic head facing one side of the cut-sheet forms traveling through the paper path, and placing the print head in a position enabling printing to the other side of the same cut-sheet form, a printing apparatus ideally suited to processing personal checks having an MICR code imprinted on one side and the endorsement printed to the other side. Furthermore, because the direction of the MICR code and the printing direction of the endorsement are typically roughly perpendicular to each other, the MICR code reading direction and the endorsement printing direction are, in this case, preferably perpendicular to each other. The transport distance of the cut-sheet form can also be shortened by providing the magnetic head on the cut-sheet form insertion side of the print head because MICR code reading is completed before endorsement printing. Preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is an overview showing an embodiment of a printing apparatus according to the present invention based on a printer; Fig. 2 is a disassembled view of the printer shown in Fig. 1 providing a view of the magnetic head disposed to the paper path; Fig. 3 is a cross section of the printer shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4(a) is a cross section, and Fig. 4(b) is a side view, of primarily the drive system of the printer shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is used for a comparison of the structure of the motor shield; Fig. 6(a) is a top view, and Fig. 6(b) is a side cross section of an enlarged view of the area around the magnetic head of the printer shown in Fig. 1 with the media presser separated from the magnetic head; Fig. 7(a) is a top view, and Fig. 7(b) is a side cross section of an enlarged view of the area around the magnetic head of the printer shown in Fig. 1 with the media presser pressed to the magnetic head; Fig. 8 is used to describe the operation of the media presser shown in Figs. 6 and 7 by means of print head movement; Fig. 9(a) is a top cross section, and Fig. 9(b) is a side cross section, of the enlarged area around the magnetic head in a printing apparatus according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 10 is a top cross section of the enlarged area around the magnetic head in a printing apparatus according to a further alternative embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a top cross section of the enlarged area around the magnetic head in a printing apparatus according to a further alternative embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a function block diagram of the printer shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 13 is a control block diagram of the printer shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 14 is a flow chart of a first control method according to the present invention; Fig. 15 is a continuation of the flow chart of a first control method according to the present invention; Fig. 16 is a flow chart of the MICR code reading process executed in the printer shown in the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 17 is a continuation of the flow chart of Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is a flow chart of the check ejection process in the printer shown in the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 19 is a flow chart of the process transporting the check to the re-read position in the printer shown in the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 20 is a continuation of the flow chart of Fig. 19; Fig. 21 is a continuation of the flow chart of Fig. 20; Fig. 22 is a flow chart of the re-send command process in the printer shown in the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 23 is a flow chart of the check processing operation using the printer shown in the preferred embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 24 is a flow chart of a second control method according to the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described hereinbelow based on a printing apparatus capable of housing two rolls of printer paper for journal and receipt printing, respectively, and enabling a cut-sheet form (slip form) to be inserted from below a main unit for printing. Printing apparatuses of this type are commonly used in POS stations, and can be found in retail stores, hotels, and other business establishments. It will be understood that the invention is not restricted to this type of printing apparatus. Overall constitution An overview of a printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention based on a printing apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. The printing apparatus of the invention is referred to simply as a printer below. Referring to Fig. 1, the printer 10 of the present embodiment accomplishes journal printing, receipt printing, and slip printing by moving print head 13 along guide shaft 12 extending from side to side in main housing 11. Print head 13 is typically a wire dot head whereby printing is accomplished by driving the dot wires in print head 13 against platen 14 to print to roll paper 15 or cut-sheet form 16. Print head 13 is moved by a print head drive means using a timing belt and stepping motor, and travels side to side across platen 14 to print to a specified position on roll paper 15 or cut-sheet form 16. Roll paper 15 or cut-sheet form 16 is advanced by a paper feed mechanism comprising a group of feed rollers or stepping motor(s) as described below in a direction perpendicular to the direction of print head movement. Roll paper 15 is set in the back 11b of main housing 11, and is guided between platen 14 and print head 13 to the top 11c of main housing 11. Note that the printer 10 can accommodate two rolls of paper 15, enabling both journal printing for store records and receipt printing for customer receipts. According to the present invention, printer 10 is also equipped to process cut-sheet forms 16, including personal checks to which an MICR code is imprinted. The cut-sheet form 16 is inserted from paper insertion opening 21 provided at the front 11a of main housing 11, guided through a cut-sheet from paper path 20, which is described below, between print head 13 and platen 14 for MICR code reading and then printing, and then ejected from top 11c of the printer after printing is completed. Note that personal check 16 is hereafter used as the cut-sheet form for explanation only. As described above, the account number of the user, a serial tracking number, routing codes, and other information is imprinted to one side 16a of personal check 16 using MICR code 17. The character shape and print quality of the MICR code are standardized, as is the printing position on the check. It is therefore possible to obtain a signal corresponding to the MICR code by scanning this known region of the personal check with a magnetic head, and the MICR code printed to the check can be recognized by analyzing the output waveform. Note that before the check is scanned by the magnetic head, the area to which the MICR code is printed is exposed to a magnet for remagnetizing the ink and enable recognition. The payment amount and the signature of the payer (the person writing the check) are also recorded to the one side 16a of personal check 16. Personal check 16 is endorsed by printing the date, time, store name, amount, and/or other information (endorsement data 18) to the second side 16b of the check. When the cashier receives a personal check, the validity of the check is first confirmed by scanning the MICR code data, and valid checks are then endorsed as described in the prior art above. With the printer 10 shown in Fig. 1, personal check 16 is inserted with second side 16b facing up to enable endorsement printing 18 by print head 13. It follows that personal check 16 is inserted with the side 16a to which MICR code 17 is imprinted face down. Because the print position of the MICR code is standardized and is referenced to the bottom edge of the personal check, the personal check is inserted to the printer 10 shown in Fig. 1 face down with said bottom of the personal check to the right side of the paper insertion opening 21. Fig. 2 is an overview of printer unit 10a, including print head 13, as detached and lifted from the printer base including the paper path. The arrangement of the essential components of paper path 20 through which the cut-sheet forms, i.e., personal checks, are transported is described below with reference to Fig. 2. This paper path 20 conducts the forms from the bottom paper insertion opening 21 to which the forms are inserted to print head 13 at top. The bottom surface of paper path 20 therefore has a gentle upward-curving slope 22. Disposed along slope 22 in sequence from paper insertion opening 21 are: cut-sheet form loading rollers 23, paper detector 24, form stopper 25, magnet 32 for remagnetizing the MICR code, and magnetic head 31 for detecting (reading) the MICR code. Note that magnet 32 and magnetic head 31 for MICR code reading are disposed to the right side of slope 22. As a result, when a personal check is inserted to the printer 10 of the present embodiment with the MICR code correctly aligned to the right side of paper insertion opening 21, the MICR code passes over the magnet 32 and magnetic head 31 as the check is advanced through the paper path. Because personal checks and other cut-sheet forms (slip forms) are always inserted aligned to the right side of the paper path, the paper detector 24 is positioned where it can detect the top right corner of the form inserted to paper insertion opening 21 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2. Paper path Fig. 3 is a side cross section showing the paper path of the printer 10 of the present embodiment. Roll paper 15 passes through roll paper path 40, held by roll paper transportation rollers 41a, 41b, and advanced thereby in the direction of arrow A. Roll paper 15 is thus guided through roll paper path 40 between platen 14 and print head 13, which can thus print to the roll paper. Rollers 41a, 41b are typically driven by a stepping motor, the drive power of which is transferred to rollers 41a, 41b by gears or some other drive power transfer means (not shown in the figures). Personal checks and other cut-sheet forms can be inserted through paper path 20 to between platen 14 and print head 13. Personal check 16 is similarly held by cut-sheet form transportation rollers 29 and cut-sheet form loading rollers 23, and can be transported thereby in both forward and reverse directions (directions indicated by arrows B and C in Fig. 3). Transportation rollers 29 and loading rollers 23 are also driven by a stepping motor 45 as described below. Stepping motor 45 is also used to drive rollers 41a, 41b. The stepping motor used as the drive source for paper transportation is therefore connected to the drive power transfer mechanism for advancing the roll paper, and to the drive power transfer mechanism for advancing cut-sheet form, through a switching mechanism comprising plungers, for example. The drive power from a single stepping motor can therefore be transferred to either of the power transfer mechanisms as needed. Personal check 16 is not normally preloaded to the printer, but is inserted to paper insertion opening 21 for loading when printing is required. The operation of this loading mechanism is described in detail below following the normal sequence executed to load personal check 16. When the operator inserts personal check 16 to abut form stopper 25, the right side of the leading edge of personal check 16 is detected by cut-sheet form paper detector 24, which accordingly outputs a corresponding "paper detected" signal. A photo-sensor is used in this embodiment as paper detector 24. The position of the right side leading edge of personal check 16 at this time, i.e., the position of the form stopper, is referred to below as insertion position 26. From this position, form stopper 25 is retracted outside paper path 20, personal check 16 is held by loading rollers 23, and is advanced the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29. Personal check 16 is then advanced distance d2 from transportation rollers 29 to cut-sheet form print start position 27 by means of transportation rollers 29 and loading rollers 23. Printing to personal check 16 is enabled at this point. At least one of loading rollers 23 is movable in the directions of arrows D and E by means of a loading roller closing mechanism comprising a plunger or other means and not shown in the figures. The operation of form stopper 25 is linked to the operation of loading rollers 23 such that form stopper 25 also moves in the directions of arrows G and F in conjunction with the movement of loading roller 23 in the directions D and E, respectively. More specifically, when the loading roller closing mechanism is opened, i.e., when personal check 16 is not to be held by loading rollers 23, one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is simultaneously moved in the direction of arrow F, thereby closing paper path 20. Conversely, when the loading roller closing mechanism is closed, i.e., when personal check 16 is to be held by loading rollers 23, the one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow D and form stopper 25 is simultaneously retracted from paper path 20 in the direction of arrow G. When personal check 16 is loaded from insertion position 26 in the direction of arrow B to print start position 27, and when it is reversed in the direction of arrow C, the loading roller closing mechanism is closed. Thus when the loading roller closing mechanism is closed, loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow D to hold and transport personal check 16. Under certain conditions the loading roller closing mechanism may be opened while a personal check 16 is present in the paper path. When personal check 16 is present at the point at which form stopper 25 enters the paper path, opening of the loading roller closing mechanism will cause the form stopper 25 to press against personal check 16. Since, however, the purpose of form stopper 25 only is to obstruct the paper path when cut-sheet form insertion is inappropriate, it is pressed in the direction of arrow F by means of a weak spring. The force of form stopper 25 against personal check 16 inside paper path 20 when the loading roller closing mechanism is open is therefore sufficiently weak, and does not hinder transportation of personal check 16 by transportation rollers 29. Magnetic head 31 is also disposed in paper path 20 such that the magnetic ink code passes over magnetic head 31 when a personal check 16 is fed through paper path 20. Magnet 32 is disposed at a position exposed to paper path 20 to remagnetize the magnetic ink of the MICR code before the MICR code reaches magnetic head 31. As personal check 16 is transported through paper path 20 by loading rollers 23, the check first passes magnet 32, and the magnetic ink of the MICR code is thereby magnetized. Personal check 16 then passes magnetic head 31, which is disposed on slope 22 at a position facing the surface of personal check 16, and detects the MICR code. The printer of the present embodiment also comprises media presser 33, which projects into paper path 20 from the side thereof opposite magnetic head 31. As a result, when personal check 16 passes magnetic head 31, media presser 33 holds the surface of personal check 16 firmly against magnetic head 31 to enable error-free MICR code detection. Media presser 33 is able to move in the direction of arrow J in this embodiment, and thereby presses personal check 16 against magnetic head 31 during MICR code reading, but is separated from magnetic head 31 at all other times to eliminate resistance to personal check 16 transportation. Media presser 33 and the drive mechanism therefor are described in further detail below. Drive mechanism Fig. 4(a) is a side cross section of the mechanism of the printer of the present embodiment for transporting cut-sheet forms, and Fig. 4(b) is a rear cross section view of the same. Transportation of personal check 16 inserted to paper path 20 is driven by paper feed stepping motor 45, which is disposed at back 11b of printer 10. Drive gear 44 is driven by stepping motor 45, and drives gear set 46 to operate transportation rollers 29 located in paper path 20 near platen 14. transportation rollers 29 and loading rollers 23, and transportation rollers 29 and presser roller 34 (which forms media presser 33 in this embodiment), are respectively connected by transportation belts 47 and 48. As a result, loading rollers 23 and presser roller 34 start and stop synchronized to transportation rollers 29, and operate at an equal paper transportation speed. As a result, personal check 16 inside paper path 20 is transported at the same speed whether it is transported by loading rollers 23 alone, or by loading rollers 23, transportation rollers 29, and presser roller 34. As shown in Fig. 4(b), stepping motor 45 of the present embodiment is protected by shield 52 on the sides and bottom. Shield 52 is made from a ferromagnetic or high magnetic permeability material such as permalloy, ferrite, or iron as a means of suppressing magnetic leakage from stepping motor 45. Shield 51, similarly made from a ferromagnetic or high magnetic permeability material, is provided on the same side as media presser 33 opposite magnetic head 31. By providing this shield 51, noise flux from external sources can be focused on the shield, and the flux density in front of magnetic head 31 resulting from external fields is reduced. Magnetic noise leaking from stepping motor 45 and other sources is thus suppressed by shield 51. The box-like shield 52 covering stepping motor 45 is formed by shaping a high magnetic permeability sheet or ferromagnetic sheet material. The corners of the box are shaped as shown in Fig. 5 to prevent magnetic leakage. When there is a gap at the corners of the shield, excessive magnetic noise can escape from the inside the shield. By forming seamless corners permitting no gap, however, there will be minimal magnetic noise leakage even if there are seams or through-holes for the motor shaft on the flat members of the shield. This latter case is the result of the saturation flux characteristics of the cross sections of the two materials forming the gap being equal. It is to be noted that shield 52 is constituted as shown in Fig. 5 (b) to prevent the effects of magnetic noise leakage. The printer of the present embodiment is also able to vary the speed of the stepping motor driving the rollers. A single stepping motor can therefore be used for both advancing checks for MICR code reading and advancing checks for printing. A paper transportation speed of approximately 70 ~ 90 mm/sec is desirable for printing because faster paper transportation speeds can result in a shifting print position and poor print quality, and the mechanism required to achieve a high precision stopping position is expensive. A paper transportation speed of approximately 100 mm/sec or greater is desirable for MICR code reading, though the actual speed is also dependent upon the MICR code format and the magnetic head detection characteristics. This transportation speed is the speed used in currently available MICR code analyzers to obtain the required recognition rate during interpretation of the signal output by the magnetic head. As a result, the printer of the present embodiment can transport the personal checks at the speed most appropriate to the respective function by simply varying the speed of the stepping motor. It is to be noted that means other than varying the speed of the stepping motor can also be used, including a means of changing the reduction ratio by changing the gear set used for transportation during MICR code reading, and the gear set used for transportation during check printing. Note, further, that stepping motor 45 is also controlled to operate at a predetermined speed in two directions. More specifically, the printer 10 of the present embodiment can move personal check 16 in the directions of both arrows B and C as shown in Fig. 3 by means of loading rollers 23 and transportation rollers 29. By thus enabling personal check 16 to be transported through the paper path in either direction, MICR code reading can be executed when the check is advanced in one direction, and printing can be executed when the check is advanced in the other direction. A single paper path can thus be used for two processes, and the total paper path length can be reduced. Even when printing and MICR code reading are accomplished while moving the check in the same direction, the same paper path can be used for both processes by back-feeding the check between MICR code reading and printing. By thus advancing the check in two directions, the size of the apparatus combining these two functions can also be reduced. Note, further, that magnetic head 31 is disposed to paper path 20 between loading rollers 23 and transportation rollers 29 in the printer of the present embodiment. As a result, when personal check 16 passing through paper path 20 passes magnetic head 31, personal check 16 is held by one and/or both of these two roller sets, loading rollers 23 and transportation rollers 29. Furthermore, because loading rollers 23 and transportation rollers 29 are synchronously driven, personal check 16 can be held and transported at a consistent, stable speed by said rollers 23 and 29. Therefore, even if there is some resistance in the paper path, the speed of the cut-sheet form passing magnetic head 31 will be stable, and the MICR code can be read with high precision. If magnetic head 31 is provided between these rollers 23 and 29, magnetic head 31 will be on the paper insertion opening 21 side of paper path 20 relative to print head 13. As a result, the validity of personal check 16 can be confirmed by scanning the MICR code, and endorsement printing can be executed after the check is determined valid. Processing personal checks is thus more efficient with the present embodiment because magnetic head 31 and print head 13 are arrayed in the sequence of normal check processing. If magnetic head 31 is on the paper insertion opening 21 side of the print head 13, magnet 32 for magnetizing the MICR code is also on the paper insertion opening 21 side of magnetic head 31. More specifically, magnetic head 31 is in the printer of the present embodiment positioned in the paper path 20 on the magnetic head 31 side of form stopper 25, i.e., in paper path 20 between form stopper 25 and magnetic head 31. This is because the area outside form stopper 25 is the area to which the check is set by the operator, and the path through which the check passes is not constant. It therefore follows that if the magnet 32 is placed outside of form stopper 25, the MICR code may not be properly magnetized, and the MICR code cannot be recognized with good precision. However, by placing magnet 32 inside from form stopper 25, the MICR code imprinted to personal check 16 will reliably pass magnet 32, and can therefore be reliably read. Note, also, that paper insertion opening 21 to the paper path is open with a relatively wide angle to facilitate inserting personal check 16, and this area might also be used by the operator to place credit cards or other objects. If magnet 32 is provided inside from form stopper 25 as described in the present embodiment, data recorded on the magnetic strip of the credit card cannot be damaged by magnet 32 because form stopper 25 stops accidental entry of the credit card to the paper path. For magnetic head 31 to read the MICR code with high precision, it is essential to minimize any magnetic noise, one source of which being the variable intensity and polarity field leaking from the stepping motor. To minimize as many possible sources of magnetic noise as possible, all motors other than the stepping motor 45 transporting personal check 16 are stopped by the printer of the present embodiment during MICR code reading. In addition, the sides and bottom of stepping motor 45 are covered by shield 52 to reduce magnetic noise leakage. Magnetic head 31 is also covered by shield 53, and shield 51 is provided in front of magnetic head 31. As a result, a low magnetic flux density space is created by magnetic shields 51 and 53 around magnetic head 31, the effects of magnetic noise are minimized even when magnetic noise is conducted along the motor shaft or passes the shields, and stable, high precision MICR code reading can be accomplished. To further increase the MICR code recognition rate, the area to which the MICR code is imprinted should preferably be held tight to the magnetic head because the gap between the magnetic head and the MICR code will vary if the inserted check has been folded or wrinkled. By providing media presser 33 opposite the magnetic head 31 in the printer according to the present embodiment, however, the area to which the MICR code is imprinted is held tight to the magnetic head 31. This media presser mechanism is described in detail below. Media presser mechanism The area around magnetic head 31 is shown enlarged in Figs. 6 and 7. Fig. 6 shows the state wherein media presser 33 is separated from detection surface 31a of magnetic head 31, and there is a gap between media presser 33 and detection surface 31a. Fig. 7 shows the state in which media presser 33 is closed to detection surface 31a, and there is therefore no gap therebetween. Note, also, that Fig. 6(a) and Fig. 7(a) are cross sections showing the area around magnetic head 31 as viewed from above the printer along paper path 20, and Fig. 6(b) and Fig. 7(b) are cross sections from the side of the printer perpendicular to paper path 20. As shown in Fig. 6, media presser 33 of the present embodiment comprises a presser roller 34 which presses the check against magnetic head 31 so that the area to which the MICR code is imprinted is pressed against magnetic head 31. Presser roller 34 is positioned opposite detection surface 31a, which is the front face of magnetic head 31, connected by shaft 36 to belt 47 (Fig. 6), and driven in synchronization with the transportation rollers 29. Shaft 36 is mounted to lift lever 57, and a torsion coil spring 35 is provided pushing shaft 36 away from lift lever 57 in the direction of magnetic head 31. A plastic sleeve 56 is provided on shaft 36 at the point contacted by the end of torsion coil spring 35, and shaft 36 is dependably pushed by torsion coil spring 35. Sleeve 56 prevents direct contact between torsion coil spring 35 and shaft 36, thereby reducing wear on both and preventing trouble resulting from damage to the spring or shaft. The lift lever 57 that is part of media presser 33 is connected to the printer frame enabling lift lever 57 to rotate freely around a single point 57a at the top of lift lever 57. The bottom of lift lever 57 is connected to the printer frame by means of spring 55 connected to shield 51. Thus, when the back of lift lever 57 is pressed by switching lever 58 from the side opposite presser roller 34, lift lever 57 rotates against spring 55, and presser roller 34 is moved in the direction of arrow J through window 20a provided in paper path 20. As result, presser roller 34 projects into the paper path, and the check in the paper path is pressed against detection surface 31a a of the magnetic head. At least one of holes 57b (only one being visible) of lift lever 57 in which shaft 36 is mounted is an oval hole to permit movement of shaft 36, and can thus absorb any error in the installation angle of detection surface 31a. Specifically, the tension of torsion coil spring 35 presses presser roller 34 against the check, and the check against the detection surface 31a, and shaft 36 moves inside hole 57b to assure parallelism and tight contact between these components. Switching lever 58 comprises two arms 58a and 58b extending on both sides thereof, and is mounted to shield 51 such that the axis of rotation of switching lever 58 is approximately the center of the lever. A plan view and the operation of switching lever 58 are shown in Fig. 8. Note that switching lever 58 is installed to shield 51 provided opposite magnetic head 31 in this embodiment, but may also be installed to the printer frame. An angle 58d at the end of one arm 58a extends in the direction of magnetic head 31 to press the back of lift lever 57, and the other arm 58b is biassed clockwise (as viewed in Fig. 8) by spring 59 stretched between the other arm 58b and shield 51. Switching lever 58 also comprises operating arm 58c contacting projection 13a extending from the bottom of print head 13 above. As a result, when print head 13 moves in the direction of arrow K, projection 13a contacts operating arm 58c, rotates switching lever 58, and presses the back of lift lever 57 by means of angle 58d on the end of switching lever 58. As a result, lift lever 57 rotates toward paper path 20 against spring 55 as shown in Fig. 7, and presser roller 34 is forced against magnetic head detection surface 31a. When print head 13 moves in the direction of arrow L, switching lever 58 is returned to the open position by spring 59, and lift lever 57 is returned to the position shown in Fig. 6 by spring 55. As a result, presser roller 34 is retracted from paper path 20, and a gap is opened between presser roller 34 and magnetic head detection surface 31a. Note that operation of switching lever 58 is dependent upon the direction of print head 13 movement, and the movement position of print head 13 at which switching lever 58 operates is set outside the normal printing area. As a result, print head 13 moves to this area and switching lever 58 is operated only during MICR code reading. A cover 50 is also provided above presser roller 34 in the printer of the present embodiment to close the gap between presser roller 34 and magnetic head 31 in paper path 20 and prevent paper chaff or other dust and foreign matter from entering the paper path and clinging to presser roller 34. More specifically, because there are times when presser roller 34 is operated and there is a gap between presser roller 34 and magnetic head 31, cover 50 is provided to prevent paper chaff or other dust and foreign matter from entering this gap and soiling or obstructing the detection surface of magnetic head 31. Cover 50 thereby helps assure reliable presser roller 34 operation, and dependable MICR code reading. The operation of magnetic head 31 and switching lever 58 is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 8, a view of switching lever 58 installed to shield 51 from the magnetic head side thereof. As shown in Fig. 8(a), print head 13 normally moves through the printing range (arrow W) widthwise to the paper path. When a personal check is placed in the printer for MICR code reading, print head 13 is moved via the timing belt outside the printing range W to the edge of the paper path in the direction of arrow K. As shown in Fig. 8(b), projection 13a from the bottom of print head 13 contacts operating arm 58c of switching lever 58 as print head 13 moves. As print head 13 continues to move to the edge of the paper path, the movement of print head 13 causes switching lever 58 to rotate as shown in Fig. 8(c), and arm 58a descends. As a result, angle 58d pushes lift lever 57, as shown in Fig. 7, and presser roller 34 is pressed to magnetic head 31. When MICR code reading is completed, print head 13 moves in the direction of arrow L, and thus returns to the printing range W. Switching lever 58 is thus re-rotated to the original position by spring 59, and angle 58d rotates up. As a result, lift lever 57 also returns to the original position, and presser roller 34 is separated from magnetic head 31. By setting the tension of spring 59 relatively weak, the load acting on print head 13 is reduced when switching lever 58 accomplishes the media presser opening/closing operation. However, if spring 59 is weak, switching lever 58 may not return with the force of spring 59 alone because of the wear of the spring during repeated switching lever 58 and lift lever 57 operation. To resolve this, switching lever 58 further comprises a slight projection 58e toward the print head on the arm 58b end of switching lever 58 as shown in Fig. 8. Thus, when print head 13 returns to the normal position, projection 13a contacts projection 58e and assists the return of switching lever 58. This projection 58e is constituted to not contact projection 13a when print head 13 travels through the printing range W. As a result, projection 58e does not interfere with projection 13a of print head 13 when print head 13 travels through the normal printing range W, and printing can thus proceed smoothly. As previously described, magnetic noise is preferably reduced during MICR code reading. The magnetic conditions around print head 13 should preferably also not change to enable stable MICR code reading. The means used to operate presser roller 34 in the present embodiment, i.e., lift lever 57 and switching lever 58, is therefore preferably made from a non-magnetic stainless steel member, and the axle of presser roller 34 is preferably brass to reduce wear. It is to be noted, however, that the present invention shall not be limited to these materials, and any non-magnetic material, including aluminum, may be used. The printer of the present embodiment reduces resistance to personal check transportation, and thereby prevents checks from meandering or jamming and enables reliable MICR code reading, by driving presser roller 34 pressing the personal check to the magnetic head synchronized to loading rollers 23 and transportation rollers 29. Because the check is then pressed against magnetic head 31 by the presser roller only during MICR code reading, the amount of time the check is pressed against the detection surface of the magnetic head can be minimized, wear and soiling of the magnetic head and media presser can thus be prevented, and reliable MICR code reading can be accomplished. Problems resulting in damage to or soiling of the check or the cut-sheet form can also be prevented. Particularly when presser roller operation is synchronized to transportation roller operation as in the present embodiment, idle rotation of the presser roller while in contact with the detection surface of the magnetic head can be prevented by adjusting the gap between the presser roller and magnetic head. Moreover, movement of presser roller 34 is linked to movement of print head 13 in the present embodiment. It is therefore not necessary to provide a separate power source to operate presser roller 34, and the installation space can be eliminated. Furthermore, if the force generated by spring 59 is small enough to allow the pressing state of the presser roller 34 being maintained by friction between angle 58d and lift lever 57, energy consumption for maintaining the holding state is reduced compared with the case of a separate power source like, for instance, an electromagnet. The present embodiment is therefore suited to compact, printing apparatuses desired, for example, in POS stations. This configuration also makes it possible to eliminate additional control circuitry for the presser roller 34 because the required control can be achieved by slightly modifying the control of print head 13. It will be obvious that a plunger or other power source separate from that required for the print head can also be used to achieve the above function. It is also possible to move the magnetic head 31 side of the mechanism rather than the media presser, or to move both the media presser and the magnetic head. In addition, cut-sheet forms can be consistently advanced by synchronizing presser roller 34 with the other transportation rollers, and distortion and jams in the paper feed direction when the form is pressed to the magnetic head 31 can be prevented. An alternative embodiment of the media presser 33 is shown in Fig. 9. In this embodiment media presser 33 comprises support member 39 installed at one end of paper path 20 and extending to a position opposite magnetic head 31, and pads 38a and 38b at a position opposite magnetic head 31 and at a position where the end of the check can be held. The pressure applied by these pads 38a and 38b can be balanced by adjusting corresponding springs 35a and 35b. High precision MICR code reading is also possible with the media presser 33 of the present embodiment because the pads 38a and 38b press the check to magnetic head 31. Furthermore, because both the end passing the magnetic head 31 and the other end of personal check 16 are firmly held by the two pads 38a and 38b in separated positions, substantially equal resistance is applied to both ends of the check. The check is therefore held with balanced tension as it passes the magnetic head 31, and the orientation of the check in the paper path 20 will not become distorted or biased. It will be obvious that it is also possible to control the gap between the pads 38a and 38b and the magnetic head 31 by moving one or both of these as described above with respect to Figs. 6 and 7. High magnetic permeability shields 51 and 53 are also provided at a position opposite the detection surface of magnetic head 31 and behind magnetic head 31, respectively, in this embodiment. Because the magnetic flux density around magnetic head 31 can be reduced by these shields, the effect of external magnetic noise on magnetic head 31 can also be suppressed. In this embodiment, shield 51 placed in front of magnetic head 31 is shaped to cover the magnetic head detection surface 31a, and thereby further reduce magnetic noise. Note that the shield provided behind magnetic head 31 may be a flat shield 54. Another alternative embodiment of the media presser 33 is shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The media presser 33 shown in Fig. 10 is substantially identical to the media presser shown in Fig. 9, and is installed to paper path 20 at approximately the center of support member 39. The media presser 33 shown in Fig. 11 comprises a torsion coil spring 35 at approximately the center of support member 39 for adjusting the pressure of pads 38a and 38b. The pressure balance of pads 38a and 38b can be adjusted by changing the position of torsion coil spring 35, i.e., by adjusting the gap between torsion coil spring 35 and the right and left pads 38a and 38b. It is thereby possible to adjust the resistance of media presser 33 to achieve a balance resulting in the least skewing or distortion of the check as it passes. Remagnetization means The paper path 20 of the embodiment of the present invention explained so far is defined by members formed from a plastic or other low magnetic permeability, i.e., non-magnetic material, and magnet 32 is imbedded from the back side of paper path 20, i.e., in the member forming the side of paper path 20 opposite that over which the cut-sheet form passes. By thus disposing magnet 32, magnet 32 can be easily positioned in the paper path, the surface of the cut-sheet form does not directly contact magnet 32, problems such as the cut-sheet form being damaged or catching on the magnet can be prevented, and magnet 32 will not gradually wear from contact with the paper. An electromagnet is used for magnet 32 in the present embodiment, and is magnetized only during MICR code reading. Adhesion of foreign particulate to magnet 32 is thus reduced, and less foreign matter will be held by magnet 32. More specifically, even if such foreign matter adheres to magnet 32 during MICR code reading, the magnetic field is canceled when MICR code reading is completed, and the foreign matter will therefore be cleared from the paper path. It is therefore possible by using an electromagnet for magnet 32 to prevent the adhesion of foreign matter to the surface of magnet 32. It is to be noted that magnet 32 can be replaced by a self-bias type magnetic head comprising a magnetism-generating coil in the core of the magnetic head. In this case, current is supplied to the magnetism-generating coil to produce a DC bias field only during MICR code reading, and the change in this field caused by the MICR code characters is detected by the gap provided in the magnetic head. Because the strength of the bias field generated in this case may be weaker than the field strength required with an electromagnet as described above, the effect of preventing adhesion of foreign particulate is reinforced, and both power consumption and heat output can be reduced. Control mechanism Fig. 12 is a block diagram of the functions of a printer according to the present embodiment. With this printer, the commands input through a communications circuit from host device 1 to command receiver 62 are interpreted by command interpreter 63 and then executed by command execution means 64. Printer mechanism controller 65 controls printer mechanism 90 (see Fig. 13) comprising printing means 66, paper transportation means 67 for transporting roll paper and cut-sheet forms, cut-sheet form loading mechanism 68 for loading cut-sheet forms to the print start position, and magnetic ink character reading (MICR) means 69 for reading the MICR code imprinted to the check (or other cut-sheet form), based on the instructions input from command execution means 64. Under the control of the command execution means, the data read by MICR means 69 is temporarily stored to read data storage means 70, and then converted to character data by read data interpreter 71. The recognition result is temporarily stored to recognition result storage means 72, and is then sent to host device 1 by data transmission means 73. Fig. 13 is a control block diagram showing the overall configuration of the printer used by way of example to describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Note that printer mechanism 90 comprises components from various other subsystems, including print head 13 and stepping motor 92, which is the drive power source for the print head, contained in printing means 66; stepping motor 45, which is the drive power source for the paper transportation means, and switching mechanism 94 contained in paper transportation means 67; loading roller closing mechanism 97 and paper detector 24 contained in loading mechanism 68; and magnetic head 31 contained in MICR means 69. CPU 78 functions as command execution means 64 and read data interpreter 71 according to the control program stored to ROM 76. RAM 77 is used for temporary storage by CPU 78, read data storage means 70, and recognition result storage means 72. More specifically, read data storage means 70 converts the character waveforms output by magnetic head 31 to digital data and stores the converted digital data to RAM 77, and recognition result storage means 72 stores the MICR code recognition results to RAM 77. Interface 75 functions as both command receiver 62 for receiving data output from host device 1, and as data transmission means 73 for transferring to host device 1 the MICR code recognition results. Print head control circuit 81, print head motor control circuit 82, paper transportation motor control circuit 83, plunger control circuit 84, plunger control circuit 85, cut-sheet form insertion detector control circuit 86, and magnetic head control circuit 87 constitute printer mechanism controller 65. In the printer of the present embodiment, the operation of presser roller 34 is controlled to press the cut-sheet form (personal check) against magnetic head 31 only when required for MICR code reading. As shown in Figs. 12 and 13, however, a control mechanism and control circuit for moving presser roller 34 are not specifically provided. This is because presser roller 34 is designed to move in conjunction with the operation of print head 13 in the printer of the present embodiment, and the operation of presser roller 34 can be controlled by means of print mechanism and print head motor control circuit 82. The control system can thus be simplified by moving presser roller 34 in conjunction with the operation of print head 13. Control method 1 An embodiment of a control method according to the present invention for reading the MICR code printed to a personal check and then conditionally printing a check endorsement to the back of the personal check is described below with reference to Figs. 14 and 15. Figs. 14 and 15 are flow charts of the preferred control method of the present invention for controlling the operation of the preferred printer mechanism of the invention as shown in Fig. 3 from MICR code reading to endorsement printing. Figs. 16 and 17 are detailed flow charts of the MICR code reading operation shown as step 108 in Fig. 14. Figs. 19, 20, and 21 are detailed flow charts of the back-feed operation, shown as step 118 in Fig. 15, used for re-reading the MICR code. The first step of the procedure determines whether the command sent from the host device is the 'read MICR code' command (step 101); if it is not, the received command is executed (step 102). If the received command is the read MICR code command, the MICR code read function is selected, i.e., the switching mechanism is switched to drive transportation rollers 29 and loading rollers 23. The one loading roller 23 is thus moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism, and a check insertion standby state is started with the MICR code read function described below selected (step 103). The MICR code read function in this example is the function for reading the MICR code printed to the personal check. When the MICR code read function is selected, i.e., when in the MICR code reading mode, the printing apparatus of the present invention is used for check processing and not for normal cut-sheet form printing. It is necessary to select the operating function as described above because the paper path and paper feed mechanism is used for both cut-sheet forms printing and MICR code reading. When the MICR code read function is selected, the inserted cut-sheet form 16 is assumed to be a check to which an MICR code is printed. As a result, the cut-sheet form 16 indicated in the figures is assumed to be a personal check 16 until the MICR code read function is deselected. If the operator executes a cancel (step 104) before inserting a personal check 16 during the check insertion standby mode, the check insertion standby mode is terminated, and a status signal indicating an abnormal read termination is output (step 120). In this case, the switching mechanism switches to drive rollers 41a, 41b (step 121), and the MICR code read function is deselected (step 116). Note that this cancel operation is accomplished based on a command input from the host device instructing cancellation of the check insertion standby mode, or by the operator operating a switch means. When the operator inserts a personal check for MICR code reading and endorsement, the check 16 is inserted face down (MICR code face down) with the MICR code to the right side, i.e., in the normal endorsement position described previously above, of the paper path 20 to the insertion position 26. When the check is detected by paper detector 24 (step 105), one of loading rollers 23 is moved in the direction of arrow D to hold personal check 16, and form stopper 25 is retracted from the paper path in the direction of arrow G to the closed position of the loading roller closing mechanism, and the personal check is advanced until the leading edge of the check reaches magnetic head 31 (step 106). From this position, print head 13 is moved in the direction of arrow K to a predetermined position outside the printing area, and personal check 16 is pressed to magnetic head 31 by media presser 33 (step 107). This completes preparations for MICR code reading to begin, which is executed at step 108. The process executed after MICR code reading is described further. First, print head 13 is moved in the direction of arrow L (Fig. 8), the media presser roller is separated from magnetic head 31, and the pressure on personal check 16 is released (step 109). This reduces wear between personal check 16 and magnetic head 31 when personal check 16 is thereafter transported, and thereby prevents unnecessary wear of the magnetic head detection surface 31a. By releasing the pressure applied by the media presser roller, any foreign matter held by the media presser roller can also be removed, which may be required to enable MICR code reading when re-reading is necessary as described below. When the MICR code read function end flag is set (step 110) during the MICR code reading process (step 108), the process results are output to the host device by data transmission means 73 (step 120), the switching mechanism is reset to drive rollers 41a, 41b (step 121), and the MICR code read function terminates (step 116). The results output to the host device in step 120 include a status report indicating whether reading was normally completed, and the character data stored to recognition result storage means 72 when the MICR code is detected and character recognition is completed. When the MICR code read function end flag is cleared (step 110) during the MICR code reading process (step 108), the data stored to read data storage means 70 is interpreted and recognized by read data interpreter 71, and converted to character data. This character data is also stored to recognition result storage means 72 (step 111). When recognition processing is completed, the recognition results are sent by data transmission means 73 to the host device (step 111), and the command receive standby state is entered. The recognition results output to the host device in step 111 include a status report indicating whether reading was normally completed, and the character data stored to recognition result storage means 72. The command receive standby state (step 112) waits for a recognition results re-send command from the host device. This state is canceled when a command other than the re-send recognition results command is received (steps 122, 117, and 114). When the MICR code read function is selected, i.e., during the MICR code reading mode, there are only five executable commands, specifically, the check insertion standby cancel command, re-send recognition results command, load check command (described below), check eject command, and the read MICR code command. However, when the number of read operations per check insertion is limited due, for example, to limitations of the printer mechanism, and the limited number of read operations is already executed (step 117), the read MICR code command is not executed and check ejection is executed (step 122) as occurs when a command other than the read command, load command, or re-send command is received. Note that when the number of read operations is limited, status information indicating whether the read MICR code command is executable is added to the recognition results sent after MICR code reading is completed. The check insertion standby cancel command, load check command, and check eject command cannot be executed when the MICR code read function is not selected, and the corresponding processes are not executed even if these commands are received when the MICR code read function is not selected. When the re-send recognition results command is received (step 113), the printer sends to the host device the recognition results from the last-executed read operation (step 113). When the load check command is received (step 114), stepping motor 45 is then started to transport personal check 16 by means of loading rollers 23 in the direction of arrow C to print start position 27 (step 114). The paper transport distance at this time is the difference of the "number of read steps" stored in step 145 of the MICR code reading process shown in Fig. 17, and the "number of steps to the cut-sheet form print start position", a known constant value of the specific printer. When loading personal check 16 to the print start position is completed, the one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism. The MICR code read function is then terminated, and the printing apparatus is set up for endorsement printing by the same process used for printing to cut-sheet forms (steps 115, 116). The personal check eject process (step 122) is executed when a command other than the load check command or read MICR code command is received, or when the read MICR code command is received after the read operation has been executed a predetermined number of times. This eject process is described below. First, stepping motor 45 is started and personal check 16 is advanced in the direction of arrow B. When the trailing edge of personal check 16 passes paper detector 24 and the check is no longer detected by paper detector 24, personal check 16 is advanced a distance slightly greater than the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29. This frees personal check 16 from the grip of the transportation rollers 29, and permits the operator to easily remove personal check 16 from the paper path. The switching mechanism is then reset to drive rollers 41a, 41b (step 121), and the MICR code read function is terminated (step 116). It is to be noted that the unexecuted commands are not simply flushed at this time, but are executed after the MICR code read function is terminated. For example, if the single check read limit has been exceeded but the read MICR code command has been received, the loaded personal check is ejected without the read MICR code command being executed again (steps 112, 117, 122), the MICR code read function is terminated once (steps 121, 116), and the read MICR code command is then re-executed. If the read MICR code command is received in the command receive wait state (step 112) and the number of read operations does not exceed the per check read limit (step 117), the back-feed process (step 118) described below is executed to return personal check 16 to insertion position 26 and repeat the MICR code reading operation. The back-feed process (step 118) and subsequent processes are described below. If the back-feed is determined to have failed (step 119) in the back-feed process (step 118) for repeating the MICR code reading operation, a status flag indicating abnormal termination of the read operation is output (step 120), the switching mechanism is changed to drive rollers 41a, 41b, roll paper printing is enabled (step 121), and the MICR code read function is terminated (step 116). If the back-feed is determined to have succeeded (step 119), however, control loops back to the start of setup for MICR code reading (step 106). MICR code reading process The MICR code reading process (step 108) is described next with reference to Figs. 16 and 17. The process starts by starting stepping motor 45 to drive loading rollers 23 and begin transportation of personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B (step 131). Note that in the present embodiment an electromagnet is used for the MICR code remagnetizing magnet 32, and it is therefore necessary to begin current supply to said electromagnet before transporting the check. Thereafter and until reading is terminated in step 140, the MICR code printed on the check and remagnetized by magnet 32 passes over magnetic head 31, magnetic head 31 thus detects the change in the magnetic flux resulting from the MICR code, converts the detected flux change to an electrical signal, and outputs this signal (step 132). This output signal is converted to a digital signal by magnetic head control circuit 87, and is stored to read data storage means 70 in RAM 77. When a change in the magnetic flux is detected from the output signal of magnetic head 31 (step 133), it is assumed that MICR codes were detected, and character waveform detection flag is set(step 134). MICR code reading continues until one of the following three conditions is satisfied: (1) the personal check 16 transportation distance reaches the maximum readable length, which is determined by the capacity of RAM 77 and the paper feed resolution of printer mechanism 90 (step 135); (2) personal check 16 is advanced to print start position 27 (step 136), and is then advanced to just before the trailing edge of personal check 16 separates from magnetic head 31 (step 137); (3) character waveform detection is determined completed in step 134, personal check 16 is then advanced to print start position 27 (step 136), character waveform detection is completed in step 138, and personal check 16 is then advanced a predetermined distance from that point (step 139). The "predetermined distance" of step 139 in this embodiment is expressed as the width of three MICR characters. As a result, when non-detection of the character waveform continues for a distance equivalent to the width of three characters, reading is determined completed, and the terminate MICR code reading process (step 140) is initiated. Because this predetermined distance is preferably determined according to the MICR code format, the predetermined distance can be set and changed by means of a command from host device 1. When the above terminate MICR code reading conditions are satisfied, personal check 16 transportation is stopped and reading is ended (step 140). If character waveform detection is not completed (step 141), or the check eject command has already been received by the time reading is completed (step 142), in the preceding reading process, the one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism, stepping motor 45 is started, and personal check 16 is fed in the direction of arrow B. When personal check 16 passes and is no longer detected by paper detector 24, personal check 16 is advanced a distance slightly greater than the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29. This frees personal check 16 from the grip of the transportation rollers, and permits the operator to easily remove personal check 16 from the paper path (steps 146, 149). However, if character waveform detection is determined completed in step 134 (step 141), the check is ejected (step 146), and the data stored to read data storage means 70 is interpreted and recognized by read data interpreter 71, and converted to character data (step 147). The recognized characters are stored to recognition result storage means 72 as character data. It is to be noted that various methods of the prior art can be used in the data interpretation and recognition process executed by read data interpreter 71, and further description thereof is omitted below. Once personal check 16 is ejected, control flows back to the main process shown in Fig. 14, and the MICR code read function end flag is set in step 148 to terminate the MICR code read function in step 110. Furthermore, when character waveform is detected (step 141) and the check eject command has not been received when reading is completed (step 142), the paper feed distance of the MICR code reading process is adjusted. Specifically, if the leading edge of the check has been advanced beyond check standby position 30 (described below; see Fig. 3) (step 143), the check is back-fed in the direction of arrow C (step 144) to check standby position 30. In the present embodiment check standby position 30 is set to a position at which it is difficult for the operator to grasp personal check 16. This is because if the printer stops with the leading edge of personal check 16 projecting noticeably from printer mechanism 90 or the case housing printer mechanism 90, the operator may try to remove a check to which printing has not been completed. The position of check standby position 30 is therefore not limited to the position shown in the present embodiment, and may be variously set with consideration given to such factors as the structure of the printer mechanism. When adjustment of the paper transportation distance is completed, one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism. Because re-reading and other functions may be executed in the process shown in Fig. 15 in this case, the MICR code read function end flag is cleared (step 145) so that the MICR code read function is not terminated even if control flows back to the main procedure shown in Fig 14 The total paper feed distance from insertion position 26 to the current position is stored as the "number of read steps," and the total paper feed distance from no-paper detection by paper detector 24 to the current position is also stored as the "number of no-paper detection steps" (step 145). Check ejection process The check ejection process executed in the MICR code reading process described above is described below. Fig. 18 is a flow chart of the preferred embodiment of the control method for controlling the preferred embodiment of a printer mechanism according to the present invention as shown in Fig. 3 to eject a cut-sheet form. When the "eject cut-sheet form" command is received from host device 1, the command is received, interpreted, and executed according to a predetermined procedure. Specifically, it is determined whether the received command is the cut-sheet form eject command (step 151); if it is, stepping motor 45 is started to advance the personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B, i.e., transportation in the eject direction begins (step 153). Once personal check 16 advances to a position where it is no longer detected by paper detector 24 (step 154), it is advanced a distance slightly greater than the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29. This frees personal check 16 from the grip of the transportation rollers, and permits the operator to easily remove personal check 16 from the paper path (step 155). The switching mechanism is then reset to drive rollers 41a, 41b, and printing to roll paper 15 is enabled (step 156). If any command other than the cut-sheet form eject command is received in step 151, that command is executed (step 152). Paper feed to the re-read position The back-feed process (step 118) executed while processing the read MICR code command as shown in Fig. 14 is described below with reference to the flow charts in Figs. 19, 20, and 21. The back-feed operation executed to repeat the MICR code reading process starts by moving loading roller 23 in the direction of arrow D, and retracting form stopper 25 from the paper path in the direction of arrow G to the closed position of the loading roller closing mechanism (step 161). If personal check 16 has already passed paper detector 24 when reading is completed (step 162), the "number of no-paper detection steps" stored in step 145 during reading is increased by several ten steps to define a maximum paper feed limit, and stepping motor 45 is started to back-feed personal check 16 in the direction of arrow C (step 163). Several ten steps are added to the stored value to prevent an insufficient back-feed distance as a result of backlash in the gears of the printer mechanism shown in Fig. 3, or an offset detection position resulting from hysteresis error during check detection by paper detector 24. Back-feeding personal check 16 in the direction of arrow C continues until paper detector 24 detects the trailing edge of personal check 16 (i.e., the leading edge when the check is inserted), or until the feed distance reaches the previously defined maximum limit (step 165). If the remaining feed distance is 0 (step 167) when processing is completed and stepping motor 45 stops (step 166), the trailing edge of personal check 16 has not been detected even though the check has been back-fed the maximum allowable distance. An error is therefore determined to have occurred, and processing terminates. More specifically, one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism (step 185), and stepping motor 45 is started to advance personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B and begin ejecting the check. Then, once personal check 16 passes paper detector 24, personal check 16 is advanced a distance slightly greater than the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29 (step 186). This frees personal check 16 from the grip of the transportation rollers, and permits the operator to easily remove personal check 16 from the paper path. After the check is ejected, a flag is set indicating that back-feed failed (step 188), and the procedure returns to the main procedure shown in Fig. 15. On the other hand, if the remaining feed distance is greater than 0 (step 167) when processing is completed and stepping motor 45 stops (step 166), the "number of no-paper detection steps" is subtracted from the "number of read steps", and the difference is stored as the new "number of read steps" (step 168). In this case the trailing edge of personal check 16 has reached the detection position of paper detector 24, and control passes to the routine executed when personal check 16 is detected by paper detector 24 at the beginning of the back-feed operation. When the remaining number of read steps converted to physical paper length is 6 mm or greater (step 169), stepping motor 45 is started and personal check 16 is back-fed in the direction of arrow C a distance equal to the number of read steps minus the number of steps equal to 6 mm (step 170). The number of read steps is then updated to the number of steps equal to 6 mm (step 171). If the remaining number of read steps converted to physical paper length is less than 6 mm (step 169), steps 170 and 171 are skipped. The above process enables back-feeding to be executed quickly and accurately. Specifically, because the leading edge of personal check 16 must be accurately detected, the presence of personal check 16 is confirmed by the paper detector 24 every step or every plural steps. The feed rate of personal check 16 can therefore not be set too high in this process. This process is therefore executed only when the leading edge of personal check 16 is near paper detector 24, and personal check 16 is transported at high speed at all other times. The threshold value determining "near" in this embodiment is "the number of steps equivalent to 6 mm when converted to physical paper length." The process for detecting the leading edge of personal check 16 is described next. The basis for leading edge detection is (attempted) transportation of personal check 16 for a predetermined distance with personal check 16 not detected by paper detector 24. In the present embodiment this "predetermined distance" is the sum of the remaining number of read steps plus the number of steps equivalent to 1 mm. This is because if personal check 16 is not detected during transportation for a distance exceeding this predetermined distance, the possibility that personal check 16 will be detected again thereafter is extremely low, even if the reason why the form is not detected is that it has a hole or damage in the part extending beyond form stopper, because the remaining number of read steps corresponds to the length inside from form stopper 25. While the probability of detection rises to a certain limit as this predetermined distance increases, processing time also increases and the possibility of the personal check separating from the loading rollers 23 increases. In the present embodiment, the distance from loading rollers 23 to paper detector 24 is approximately 12 mm, and personal check 16 will not separate from loading rollers 23 if the above predetermined distance exceeds this distance (12 mm). The maximum feed distance of personal check 16 in this process is set next. The feed distance until the leading edge of personal check 16 reaches the detection position of paper detector 24, and a margin of several ten steps allowing for slippage of personal check 16 in the paper path, are added to the above predetermined distance to obtain this maximum feed distance in the present embodiment. Note that this margin corresponds to a feed distance of approximately 10 mm in this embodiment. After setting these values, stepping motor 45 is started and transportation of personal check 16 in the direction of arrow C begins (step 172). If stepping motor 45 operates for a period corresponding to the defined predetermined distance with paper detector 24 not detecting personal check 16 (step 173), or if the personal check feed distance reaches the defined maximum distance (step 174), stepping motor 45 stops (step 175). If the remaining feed distance is 0 steps at this time (step 176), it is determined that the paper is not detectable because of some error or problem. Personal check 16 is therefore advanced in the direction of arrow B for a number of steps equivalent to the distance from form stopper 25 to print start position 27 (step 177), one loading roller 23 is moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism (step 185), and the check is ejected (step 186). To eject the check, stepping motor 45 is operated to feed personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B as previously described. If personal check 16 advances past paper detector 24 and a no-paper state is detected, personal check 16 is advanced a distance slightly greater than the distance d1 from insertion position 26 to transportation rollers 29, and stepping motor 45 is stopped. This frees personal check 16 from the grip of the transportation rollers, and permits the operator to easily remove personal check 16 from the paper path. A flag indicating a back-feed failure is then set (step 188), and control returns to the main procedure shown in Fig. 15. The following problems may occur if personal check 16 is not advanced a number of steps equivalent to the distance from form stopper 25 to print start position 27 in the direction of arrow B. Specifically, it is possible that personal check 16 is not held by transportation rollers 29 because of some error or problem, in which case personal check 16 is held only by loading rollers 23. When the loading roller closing mechanism is open, personal check 16 is held by no rollers, and ejection is therefore impossible. If the remaining feed distance is not 0 steps (step 176), a margin of several ten steps is added to the number of continuous no-paper detection steps by looping through steps 172 to 175, and stepping motor 45 is operated to feed personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B using this sum as the maximum feed distance (step 178). The stepping motor stops (step 181) when paper detector 24 detects the check (step 179), or the check is advanced the maximum feed distance (step 180). If the remaining number of steps is 0 when stepping motor 45 stops (step 182), it is determined that paper detection is not possible due to an error. One loading roller 23 is therefore moved in the direction of arrow E and form stopper 25 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the open position of the loading roller closing mechanism (step 187), a back-feed failure is reported (step 188), and control returns to the main procedure shown in Fig. 15. Note that personal check 16 can be removed by opening the loading roller closing mechanism because it is held only by loading rollers 23 at this time. The eject operation is therefore not executed. If the remaining number of steps is not 0 when stepping motor 45 stops (step 182), personal check 16 is fed in the direction of arrow B for a number of steps equivalent to the distance from paper detector 24 to form stopper 25. The back-feed success flag is therefore set (step 184), and control returns to the main procedure shown in Fig. 15. It is to be noted that while the back-feed operation executed by the present embodiment to repeat the MICR code reading process is controlled by the method shown in Figs. 19, 20, and 21 and described above, re-reading can also be enabled by simply feeding personal check 16 in the direction of arrow C for a number of steps equivalent to the number of read steps. In this case back-feed failure detection is not executed, and the corresponding evaluation steps are therefore not required. In addition, re-reading is also possible if the leading edge of personal check 16 is fed in the direction of arrow C from magnetic head 31 to the area near the insertion area, and personal check 16 need not be fed all the way to insertion position 26. It is also possible to execute re-reading while feeding personal check 16 in the direction of arrow C, and to advance personal check 16 in the direction of arrow B to print start position 27 when reading in this reverse direction is completed. Re-sending the recognition results Fig. 22 is a flow chart of the process executed for the command instructing the recognition results to be resent during normal operation, i.e., when the MICR code read function is not selected, of the printer according to the present embodiment. When the re-send command is received (step 191), the printer sends the data stored to recognition result storage means 72, i.e., the recognition results of the most recent MICR code reading operation, to the host device (step 192). As described above, status data indicating whether the read operation has been executed for the maximum per check limit is also sent with the recognition results. This status data is only meaningful within the context of a single MICR code reading operation, however, and is therefore set to indicate whether the maximum number of read operations has been executed, i.e., whether re-reading is prohibited or not. When any other command is received, that command is executed (step 193). Check processing by the present embodiment Fig. 23 is a flow chart of a check processing procedure executed in a retail establishment, for example, when the printer of the present embodiment is controlled by the first control method described above. It is to be noted that in the following description of this flow chart, a POS terminal is used by way of example only as host device 1 shown in Fig. 12. When the operator receives a check from a customer (step 201), the operator operates the POS terminal to complete the transaction by reading the MICR code and then endorsing the check as appropriate. The POS terminal therefore enters the check processing mode, and sends a command to the printing apparatus of the present invention to scan the MICR code. When the printer receives, interprets, and executes the command, it enters the check insertion standby mode. When the operator inserts the check for endorsement, the printer reads the MICR code printed to the check by executing the procedure shown in Figs. 14 and 15, and sends the recognition results to the POS terminal (step 202). The POS terminal then determines by interpreting the received status information whether MICR code reading was normally completed (step 203). If reading was completed normally, the received recognition results are confirmed (step 204), and if the required character recognition is confirmed, the check is determined to be valid or invalid (step 205). Check validity can be accomplished, for example, by comparing the recognized account numbers with a database of invalid account numbers. If the check is valid, the POS terminal outputs a command to load the check to the cut-sheet form print start position. The printer thus executes the load command, and the check is loaded to the cut-sheet form print start position (step 206). After step 206 the check can be imprinted by executing the same procedure used to print to any other cut-sheet form. The POS terminal therefore sends the endorsement data and the cut-sheet form eject command to be executed after printing is completed to the printer. The printer then prints and ejects the check in response to the received commands (step 207). The POS terminal then outputs a command to load a cut-sheet form for printing, for example, the store name and check amount. The printer thus executes this command and enters the cut-sheet form insertion standby state. When the operator inserts the check face-up to the cut-sheet form insertion position for printing, the printer loads the check to the cut-sheet form print start position. When loading is completed, the POS terminal sends the print data and the cut-sheet form eject command to the printer, which then prints and ejects the check accordingly (step 208). When the check is ejected, the operator hands the check to the customer for confirmation of the check amount and signing, receives the check back, and completes the transaction (step 209). If MICR code reading was not normally completed (step 203), it is possible that either the operator inserted the check in the wrong direction, or a paper jam occurred and processing was interrupted. The operator must therefore decide to repeat or not repeat MICR code reading (step 210). If MICR code reading was not normally completed because required characters in the MICR code could not be recognized (step 204), the POS terminal determines whether to repeat MICR code reading (step 210). When it is determined to repeat MICR code reading, the POS terminal sends the read MICR code command again. If the previous MICR code reading operation was completed normally, the check will be at the re-read start position, and re-reading can be executed. If reading was not completed normally, or if MICR code reading was executed the maximum allowable times per check, the check will have already been ejected. The printer therefore enters the printer insertion standby state, and re-reading is executed once the operator inserts the check to the cut-sheet form insertion position again (step 202). After re-reading is completed, the process from step 203 is executed again. When it is determined to not repeat MICR code reading (step 210), the POS terminal sends the eject check command. The printer therefore executes the eject command and ejects the check (step 211). If reading was not normally completed, the check is already ejected when reading is completed. Execution of the eject command in this case will be invalid because the MICR code read function has already terminated, and nothing will happen. When the check is determined invalid and when MICR code reading fails, the operator returns the check to the customer and must receive payment in cash or by some other means. It is to be noted that while printing the payee and check amount to the face of the check has been described in the present embodiment above, this part of the above process may be omitted when the customer completes the face side of the check. Control method 2 A second embodiment of a control method according to the present invention references with the host device the recognition results obtained during MICR code reading, and determines the next process to execute based on those results. A flow chart of this second control method is shown in Fig. 24. The first step 221 determines whether the command received from the host device is a command relating to MICR code reading. If the received command is not the read MICR code command, the MICR code reading process is aborted and the received command is executed (step 222). If the received command is the load check command or read MICR code command, the printer is set to the cut-sheet form insertion standby state. If the input command is canceled before a check is inserted when in the cut-sheet form standby state (step 223), the cut-sheet form standby state is canceled, switching mechanism 94 is switched to drive rollers 41a, 41b, printing to roll paper is enabled (step 235), and the process terminates. Command cancellation can be effected by the host device inputting a cancel cut-sheet form standby command, by the operator operating a switch, or other means. When the operator inserts the check face down for endorsement printing, check insertion is confirmed by paper detector 24 (step 224). loading rollers 23 are then closed (moved in the direction of arrow D) to hold the check, and form stopper 25 is retracted from paper path 20. Stepping motor 45 is then operated to feed personal check 16 a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow B, thereby advancing the leading edge of personal check 16 to the position of magnetic head 31 (step 225). Print head 13 is then moved to the edge outside the printing area in the direction of arrow K, media presser 33 is moved toward magnetic head 31, and the leading edge of personal check 16 is thus held between media presser 33 and magnetic head 31. Current is simultaneously supplied to electromagnet 32 to remagnetize the MICR code. The MICR code reading process (step 227) executed thereafter is the same as that described in the first embodiment above, and further description is therefore omitted below. When MICR code reading is completed, print head 13 is moved back within the printing area, and media presser 33 is returned to the print position separated from magnetic head 31. The read data is then interpreted by read data interpreter 71, and the recognition results are stored temporarily to RAM 77. The process where by the recognized information is then sent to host device 1 and confirmed is described next. The MICR code recognition results are output to host device 1 through data transmission means 73 and interface 75 (step 230). When transmission of the recognition results is completed, host device 1 determines the validity of the check from which the information was read based on the received recognition results. The printer is set to the standby state in order to receive the evaluation result (step 231). If check processing is canceled during this standby state (step 231), the remainder of the procedure is aborted, and the check is ejected. Command cancellation can be effected by the host device inputting a cancel receive evaluation result standby command, by the operator operating a switch, or other means. When the evaluation result is received (step 232), the content of the result, i.e., whether the check is valid or invalid, is confirmed (step 233). If the check is invalid, the form is ejected (step 234), roll paper is selected (step 235), and the procedure terminates. Note that the process for ejecting a check is the same as that described in the first embodiment above, and further description thereof is omitted below. If the check is valid, however, personal check 16 is advanced to the print start position (step 236). The direction in which paper feed occurs at this time to load personal check 16 to print start position 27 shown in Fig. 3 depends upon the paper feed distance traveled during MICR code reading. Specifically, if the leading edge of personal check 16 has not reached print start position 27, personal check 16 is advanced in the direction of arrow B; if the leading edge has passed print start position 27, personal check 16 is fed in the direction of arrow C. When personal check 16 is fed in the reverse direction, loading rollers 23 are closed before paper feed begins to hold personal check 16. When feeding to print start position 27 is completed, loading rollers 23 are opened. It is to be noted that each of the steps described above may be executed in response to separate commands received from the host device, or macro commands covering the plural steps required for MICR code reading or printing may be input from the host device with the plural steps executed for these separate processes managed on the printer apparatus side. It is to be noted that while the above embodiments have been described with MICR code reading executed with the check inserted in the position enabling endorsement printing (on the rear side 16b of the check), it will be obvious that MICR code reading can also be executed and then followed by printing the face of the check (front side 16a) by disposing magnetic head 31 and magnet 32 at positions of paper path 20 symmetrical with respect to the plane of the check with those for endorsement printing. Because the purchase (check) amount is commonly written to the face, and must be written both in numbers and text, processing requires more time. If the information is printed by the printing apparatus, processing can be reliably executed in a short period. It is possible to enable selection of the process following MICR code reading by providing a respective magnetic head 31 on both sides of the paper path and changing the orientation of the check as necessary for endorsement or face printing at check insertion. In this case, the printing apparatus can automatically select either endorsement printing or face printing according to the side on which the MICR code is detected. It is also not necessary to limit the number of magnetic heads disposed to the paper path to one (in total or one per side of the check), and plural magnetic heads may be arrayed to take plural MICR code readings and compare the data obtained from the plural readings as a means of improving data reliability. Such an arrangement also makes it possible to read MICR codes printed to a larger (plural line) printing area. It is also not necessary to limit the printing apparatus to one printing head, and both check face and endorsement printing can be enabled with a single pass through the paper path by providing a respective print head on either side of the paper path.

Claims: A printing apparatus comprising: a media path (20) for guiding recording media; at least one print head (13) for printing to a recording medium (16) in the media path; print head drive means for reciprocating the print head (13) widthwise of the media path; at least one magnetic detector (31) for reading a magnetic pattern recorded on the recording medium (16), the magnetic detector being disposed in the media path (20) so as to face the recording medium; transport means (45, 23, 29) for transporting the recording medium (16) in the media path (20) to and past the print head (13) and the magnetic detector (31); a media presser (33) capable of pressing the recording medium (16) toward a detection surface (31a) of the magnetic detector (31) and disposed at a position opposite the magnetic detector in the media path; and gap varying means (13, 57, 58) for selectively setting said media presser (33) relative to the magnetic detector into either one of at least two positions, an active position allowing the media presser to press the recording medium (16) against said magnetic detector (31) and an inactive position in which a gap is formed between the media presser and the magnetic detector greater than the maximum allowable thickness of the recording medium, characterized in that said gap varying means (13, 57, 58) comprises a lever (58) for transferring a movement of said print head to a movement of said media presser (33) from one to another one of said at least two positions. The apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein common transport means (45, 23, 29) is provided for both transporting the recording medium (16) to and past the print head (13) and transporting it to and past the magnetic detector (31). The apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein said common transport means (45, 23, 29) is capable of operating at least two speeds: a low speed for transporting the recording medium (16) past the print head (13) while pertorming printing, and a high speed for transporting the recording medium past the magnetic detector (31) while performing magnetic pattern reading. The apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3 wherein said common transport means (45, 23, 29) is capable of transporting the recording medium (16) in both forward and reverse directions. The apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 4 wherein said common transport means (45, 23, 29) comprises first and second roller means (23, 29) positioned along the media path before and after the magnetic detector (31) in the direction of recording media transportation. The apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 5 wherein said common transport means comprises a drive motor (45) covered by a ferromagnetic shield member (52). The apparatus according to Claim 6 wherein said shield member (52) is a box-like member, the comers of which being formed from seamless integral members. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims further comprising high magnetic permeability shield means (51, 53) arranged to face a detection surface (31a) of the magnetic detector (31) and/or behind said magnetic detector. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein said media presser has at least one presser roller (34) capable of rotating for allowing the recording medium to be transported, and wherein said transport means (45, 23, 29) for transporting the recording medium (16) to and past the magnetic detector (31) comprises at least one transport roller (23, 29) disposed in the media transport path (20), said at least one presser roller (34) being rotatable in synchronism with said at least one transport roller. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein said media presser comprises at least one presser roller (34) mounted on a shaft (36) and capable of rotating for allowing the recording medium to be transported, a spring (35) biassing the shaft (36) toward the magnetic detector (31), and a sleeve (56) covering said shaft where said spring contacts the shaft. The apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein: said media presser comprises at least two contact members (38a, 38b) arrayed on a line substantially perpendicular to the transport direction of the recording medium, one (38a) of these contact members opposing said detection surface (31a). The apparatus according to Claim 11 further comprising adjustment means (35a, 35b) for balancing the pressure applied by said contact members (38a, 38b) to said recording medium. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein said print head drive means is capable of driving the print head to a prescribed position outside a printing range on at least one side thereof, said gap varying means (13, 57, 58) setting the position of said media presser (33) in response to a movement of the print head to and from said prescribed position. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein the gap varying means (57, 58) is made from non-magnetic materials. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims further comprising a cover (50) for covering the gap between said media presser (33) and said magnetic detector (31) said cover being disposed above at least one of the media presser and the magnetic detector wherein the media path (20) is sloped or curved such that said cover does not interfere with the transportation of a recording medium (16). The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein the media path (20) comprises a path (22) curving in the direction in which the recording medium (16) is transported, and the magnetic detector (31) is disposed in said curving path. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims further comprising: a media stopper (25) arranged at an inlet to the media path (20) and adapted to be moved selectively between a first position in the media path and a second position retracted from the media path, said media stopper while in its first position preventing entry of a recording medium (16) into the media path, and a magnet (32) for remagnetizing the magnetic pattern of the recording medium the magnet being disposed in the media path on the magnetic detector side of the media stopper. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims further comprising magnetizing means (32) for remagnetizing the magnetic pattern of the recording medium (16), said magnetizing means being embedded in one of one or more members defining the media path (20) in a manner not to be exposed to the media path. The apparatus according to Claim 18 wherein said magnetizing means (32) is an electrically controlled magnet and means are provided to magnetize the magnet only during magnetic pattern reading. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein the magnetic detector (31) is disposed to face one of front side (16a) and rear side (16b) of the recording medium (16) guided through the media path (20), the print head (13) is disposed to enable printing to the other one of said front and rear sides of the said recording medium, and the reading direction of the magnetic pattern and the printing direction of the print head are roughly perpendicular to each other. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein the magnetic detector (31) is disposed between an inlet (21) of the media path (20) and the print head (13). The apparatus according to Claim 21 further comprising detection means for detecting the termination of magnetic pattern reading. The apparatus according to Claim 22 wherein the detection means is arranged to detect the termination of magnetic pattern reading if no magnetic pattern is detected during a predetermined amount of recording media transportation. The apparatus according to Claim 22 wherein the detection means is adapted to begin operating when the recording medium is transported a predetermined amount after having been inserted. The apparatus according to Claim 22 wherein the detection means is arranged to detect the termination of magnetic pattern reading in response to the recording medium (16) being transported a predetermined amount. The apparatus according to any one of Claims 22 to 25 further comprising: transport control means for controlling recording medium transportation past said magnetic detector (31) for reading the magnetic pattern, and storing means for storing the amount of recording media transportation, wherein the transport control means is adapted to control, after magnetic pattern reading is terminated, said transport means (45, 29) to transport the recording medium (16) to a prescribed position appropriate for a succeeding operation to be executed, based on the amount of media transportation stored in said storing means . The apparatus according to Claim 26 further comprising operation selection means for selecting said succeeding operation according to the magnetic pattern reading results. The apparatus according to Claim 27 wherein said operation selection means is adapted to select said succeeding operation among printing, print medium ejection, and repeated magnetic pattern reading. The apparatus according to any one of Claims 22 to 28 further comprising: interface means (75) for receiving and transmitting data from and to a host device (1), and data transmission means (73) for sending to the host device, through said interface means, information corresponding representing the result of the magnetic pattern reading by the magnetic detector (31) after magnetic pattern reading is terminated, wherein said information includes status information regarding the magnetic pattern reading. The apparatus according to Claim 29 further comprising means for detecting an abnormal termination of said magnetic pattern reading wherein the status information is information indicating whether magnetic pattern reading has been executed successfully. The apparatus according to Claim 29 wherein the status information is information indicating whether magnetic pattern reading is allowed to be repeated immediately. The apparatus according to Claim 29 as dependent on Claim 27 or 28 wherein said operation selection means is adapted to select the succeeding process in response to magnetic pattern reading results information received from the host device (1). The apparatus according to Claim 32 wherein the information received from the host device (1) is the control command for the succeeding process to be executed. A method of controlling the apparatus according to Claim 1 comprising the steps of: (a) detecting when the leading edge of the recording medium (16) reaches the magnetic detector (31); (b) controlling the gap varying means to set said media presser (33) into its active position by transferring, via said lever (58), a movement of the print head (13) to a movement of the media presser (33); (c) controlling said transport means to further advance the recording medium (16) for magnetic pattern reading; (d) detecting termination of the magnetic pattern reading; and (e) controlling the gap varying means to set said media presser (33) into its inactive position by transferring, via said lever (58), a movement of the print head (13) to a movement of the media presser (33) from one to another one of said at least two positions. The method according to Claim 34 further comprising the steps of: (f) controlling said transport means and said magnetic detector (31) to read the magnetic pattern on a recording medium (16); and (g) controlling said transport means and said print head (13) to print on said recording medium. The method according to Claim 35 further comprising the steps of: (h) controlling said transport means to set the recording medium (16) in a position for printing by the print head; and (i) analyzing the magnetic pattern read in step (f), wherein step (i) is performed before or after step (h). The method according to Claim 36 wherein when the magnetic pattern is confirmed in step (i) to be valid, the recording medium is ejected from the media path after step (g), and when the magnetic pattern is not confirmed in step (i) to be valid, the recording medium is ejected without executing step (g). The method according to Claim 36 further comprising before step (f) the steps of: instructing the start of magnetic pattern reading; inserting a recording medium to the media path; checking for a command to cancel the start reading instruction; and cancelling the start reading instruction during said media insertion process if a command to cancel the start reading instruction is received. The method according to Claim 34 further comprising the steps of: (f) controlling said transport means and said magnetic detector (31) to read the magnetic pattern on a recording medium (16) while transporting the recording medium in a first direction through the media path; and (g) subsequently controlling said transport means to transport the recording medium to a start position for a succeeding operation based on the amount the recording medium was transported in step (f). The method according to Claim 39 further comprising the step of: (h) selecting the succeeding process according to the reading results obtained in step (f). The control method according to any one of Claims 34 to 40 comprising: a magnetic pattern reading process for transporting the recording medium (16) to detect the magnetic pattern recorded on the recording medium according to a predetermined control command; an information sending process for sending information to the host device (1) through said interface means (75) based on the magnetic pattern obtained by the magnetic pattern reading process; an information receiving process for receiving the magnetic pattern reading result information from the host device; a process selection process for selecting the succeeding process to be executed based on the information received from the host device; and a recording medium setting process for transporting the recording medium to a prescribed position appropriate to the succeeding process to be executed after magnetic pattern reading is terminated.

Inventors: ASAI NAOKI, KOMATSU KENJI, KOYABU AKIRA, MOMOSE TSUTOMU, TAKAHASHI EIZO, TERADAIRA MITSUAKI, ASAI, NAOKI, KOMATSU, KENJI, KOYABU, AKIRA, MOMOSE, TSUTOMU, TAKAHASHI, EIZO, TERADAIRA, MITSUAKI, Asai, Naoki, c/o Seiko Epson Corporation, Komatsu, Kenji, c/o Seiko Epson Corporation, Koyabu, Akira, c/o Seiko Epson Corporation, Momose, Tsutomu, c/o Seiko Epson Corporation, TAKAHASHI, EIZO, C/O SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION, Teradaira, Mitsuaki, c/o Seiko Epson Corporation
Applicants: SEIKO EPSON CORP, SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B41J3
IPC codes: G06K17, B41J13, G06K7, B41J3, B41J11, G06K1