A parting or grooving insert

Abstract: A double-ended parting or grooving insert (1) comprising a central body portion (2) and a pair of opposite cutting end portions (3a,3b); each cutting end portion having an upper rake surface (4) and front (5) and side (6) relief flanks and a front cutting edge (7) formed at an intersection of the rake surface (4) and the front relief flank (5); the front relief flank comprising an upper relief flank surface (5a) component; a lower abutment surface (5b) component inset with respect to the upper component and disposed substantially normally with respect to a longitudinal median plane intersecting the front cutting edges and an intermediate surface (5c) component serving to bridge the upper and lower components.

Description: This invention relates to a parting or grooving insert, according to the preamble of claim 1 and as known for example from EP-A-0365299. Such parting or grooving inserts of the kind to which the present invention particularly relates are formed with a front cutting edge which is inclined with respect to a normal to a longitudinal median plane of the insert by an angle known as the lead angle of the insert. Such inserts are generally divided into three categories, namely right-hand and left-hand inserts depending on the direction of inclination of the insert and neutral inserts where the leading angle is substantially zero. It is known to provide double-ended indexable inserts having a central body portion and a pair of opposite cutting end portions. Such inserts are designed to be releasably retained between a pair of clamping jaws formed in an insert holder so that one operational cutting end portion is, at any particular time, disposed so as to extend beyond the holder whilst the other non-operational cutting end portion is retained within the holder. In order to ensure an effective constant positioning of the insert within the holder and, in consequence, of the operational cutting edge, it is generally arranged that the holder is formed with a support surface which is abutted by the rear non-operational end of the insert and in this way it is ensured that during operation the insert is always held in a predetermined position. With such known double-ended inserts the cutting edge is formed at the intersection of an upper rake surface of the insert and a front relief flank thereof. Where, with right-handed or left-handed inserts the cutting end portion is formed with a leading angle, the relief flank is correspondingly inclined with respect to a normal to a longitudinal median plane of the insert In consequence, when the insert is mounted in the holder the rear end thereof abuts the holder's supporting surface via an edge portion of the relief flank rather than by way of surface-to-surface abutment. It will be readily appreciated that such an edge-to-surface abutment gives rise to instability when the insert is mounted in the holder. It will furthermore be realized that if the support surface of the holder were formed with an inclination similar to that of the relief flank, so that an effective surface-to-surface abutment of the insert and the support surface would be achieved, different holders having differently inclined support surfaces would have to be provided for right-hand and left-hand inserts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved double-ended cutting insert wherein the above-referred to disadvantages are substantially reduced or avoided. According to the present invention there is provided a double-ended parting or grooving insert comprising a central body portion and a pair of opposite cutting end portions; each cutting end portion having an upper rake surface and front and side relief flanks and a front cutting edge formed at an intersection of said rake surface and said front relief flank; characterized in that said front relief flank comprises an upper relief flank surface component; a lower abutment surface component inset with respect to said upper component and disposed substantially normally with respect to a longitudinal median plane intersecting sad front cutting edges and an intermediate surface component serving to bridge said upper and lower components. Preferably said cutting edge and said upper relief flank surface component are inclined with respect to a normal to said plane by a leading angle of said cutting edge. Thus, the double-ended parting or grooving insert in accordance with the invention can be either of the neutral type where the front cutting edge and the associated upper relief flank component surface have a zero leading angle or of the right-hand or left-hand type where the front cutting edge and the associated upper relief flank component surface have leading angles of respectively opposite senses. In all cases, however, the cutting insert can be securely retained in an appropriate insert holder with its abutment surface component abutting over its entire surface area the adjacent support surface of the holder. In this way the same insert holder can be effectively used irrespective of whether the insert is neutral, right-handed or left-handed and at the same time ensure the effective supportive abutment of the insert within the holder. For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how the same may be carried out in practice and by way of example, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a double-ended parting insert in accordance with the invention juxtaposed with respect to an insert holder; Fig. 2 is a top view of the insert shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cutting end portion of the insert shown in Figs. 1 and 2 (on an enlarged scale); Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the insert shown in the preceding Figures retainably fitted within the insert holder shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 illustrates a modified cutting end portion of a double-ended insert in accordance with the invention. As seen in the drawings a double-ended parting and grooving insert 1 comprises a central body portion 2 and, a pair of opposite cutting end portions 3a and 3b. Each cutting end portion (3a,3b) comprises a rake surface 4 and a front relief flank 5 and side relief flanks 6. A front cutting edge 7 is formed at the intersection of the rake surface 4 and the front relief flank 5. As can be clearly seen in Fig. 3 of the drawings each front relief flank 5 comprises an upper, relief flank surface component 5a, a lower abutment surface component 5b and an intermediate surface 5c which serves to bridge the respective upper and the lower surface components 5a and 5b. Furthermore, the lower abutment surface component 5b is inset with respect to the upper relief flank surface component 5a. As can be seen in Fig. 2 of the drawings each front cutting edge is inclined with respect to a normal 9 to a longitudinal median plane 10 of the insert by an angle α known as the leading angle of the insert. Depending on the sense of the angle α with respect to the normal 9 the insert can be right-handed or left-handed whilst when the angle α is zero the insert is neutral. The upper relief flank surface component 5a is also inclined with respect to a normal to the longitudinal median axis of the insert by the same leading angle α. On the other hand, the lower abutment surface component is disposed substantially normally with respect to the longitudinal median plane of the insert. As can be seen in Figs. 1 and 4, the insert is designed to be retained in an insert holder 12 having an insert retaining slot 13 defined between respective upper and lower clamping surfaces 14 and 15 of an upper, resiliently displaceable clamping jaw 16 and a lower, relatively fixed clamping jaw 17, respectively. An inner rear end of the retaining slot 13 is formed with upper and lower curved recesses 18 and 19 and a central support surface 20. As can be seen from Fig. 4 of the drawings, when the insert is retained in position within the insert holder 12, the surfaces 14 and 15 clampingly engage the respective upper and lower surfaces of the central body portion 2 of the insert whilst the abutting surface component 5b of the insert bears abuttingly against the support surface 20 of the holder. In this way, with the non-operational cutting end 3b disposed within the holder, the cutting edge 7 thereof is located within the recess 18 whilst the lowermost base edge of the insert is located within the recess 19. It will be readily appreciated that, irrespective of the sense of the leading angle of the insert the latter is firmly retained within the holder with its abutment surface component 5b entirely abutting the supporting surface 20 of the holder. In this way, one and the same holder type can be used securely to retain both right-handed and left-handed inserts whilst, of course, if the insert is of the neutral kind it can equally well be securely retained within the holder. Whilst double-ended parting and grooving inserts of the kind just described in accordance with the invention can be readily prepared by compacting of, for example, tungsten carbide powders in a suitable die for subsequent sintering, thereby obviating in many cases the necessity of subsequent grinding operations, it is possible to produce inserts in accordance with the present invention utilizing such grinding operations. In this connection reference is directed to Fig. 5 of the drawings where, an insert such as that shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings which has been prepared by compacting and sintering may be subsequently ground so as to provide a much increased lead angle. The grinding takes place along the dashed lines shown in Fig. 5. In this case, the cutting edge and the upper relief flank surface component will exhibit the increased lead angle whilst the lower component of the relief flank will now be formed of two portions, a first constituting an effective abutment surface component which is designed to abut over its surface the support surface 20 of the holder whilst the remaining portion is directed at an angle thereto. Cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention which can, as explained, be of the neutral, right-handed or left-handed kind can be effectively and securely retained in insert holders which can be used for all types whilst, at the same time ensuring that the rear end of the insert is effectively supported by abutting over a significant surface area the support surface formed by the holder. Preferably, parting and grooving inserts whose cutting edges have leading angles which range from 0° to 20° can be effectively employed in accordance with the present invention. Whilst the invention has been particularly described by way of example with reference to a double-ended parting and grooving insert having a single front: cutting edge the invention is equally applicable to such inserts wherein side cutting edges are formed by the intersection, at each cutting end portion of the upper rake surface with the respective side relief flanks. In this case the insert can alternatively be used for grooving and parting or for turning.

Claims: A double-ended parting or grooving insert (1) comprising a central body portion (2) and a pair of opposite cutting end portions (3a, 3b), each cutting end portion (3a, 3b) having an upper rake surface (4) and front (5) and side relief flanks (6) and a front cutting edge (7) formed at an intersection of said rake surface (4) and said front relief flank (5); characterized in that said front relief flank (5) comprises an upper relief flank surface component (5a); a lower abutment surface component (5b) inset with respect to said upper component (5a) and disposed substantially normally with respect to a longitudinal median plane (10) intersecting said front cutting edges (7) and an intermediate surface component (5c) serving to bridge said upper and lower components (5a, 5b). An insert according to Claim 1, characterized in that said cutting edge (7) and said upper relief flank surface component (5a) are inclined with respect to a normal to said plane (10) by a leading angle (α) of said cutting edge (7). An insert according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that side cutting edges for use in turning are formed at respective intersections of said rake surface (4) and said side relief flanks (6). An insert according to Claim 1, wherein said intermediate surface component (5c) is inset with respect to said upper relief flank surface component (5a) and extends outwardly with respect to said lower abutment surface component (5b).

Inventors: FRIEDMAN JACOB, FRIEDMAN, JACOB
Applicants: ISCAR LTD, ISCAR LTD.
Application year: 1995
Main classification: B23B27
IPC codes: B23B27