HINGE FOR SUN VISORS OF MOTOR VEHICLES

Abstract: The hinge for sun visors of motor vehicles comprises a single piece linking body (5) having essentially the shape of an elongate parallelepiped wherein are defined two longitudinal front (10) and rear (11) portions. The front portion (10) houses a fixing spring (6) and both portions (10, 11) define a longitudinal housing for the reception of the horizontal arm (9) of a support pin (7). In the front portion (10) there is provided a tubular extension (14) which receives both free ends (15, 16) of the reinforcement rod (2) of the visor body (1), said both ends being longitudinally aligned. The coupling of the linking body (5) with the reinforcement rod (2) is provided by means of retention projections (23, 27, 28) arranged in the front (10) and rear (11) portions. Application to the car industry.

Description: Field of the Invention The object of the present invention is a hinge for sunvisors for automobiles which, specifically, is for application in connection with sunvisors based on a body obtained by the injection-moulding of a material of low specific gravity, such as polyurethane, this body including a reinforcing frame consisting of a metal rod whose shape matches the shape of the visor body. Background of the Invention It is widely known that sunvisors, such as those described above and normally fitted as standard equipment in automobiles, have a hinge which enables the user to set the sunvisor to any of its usual positions for use in a stable way. The hinge consists basically of a bent supporting pivot attached to the vehicle's structure by means of a base member fitted to it, and of a retaining spring set inside a linking body, made generally in plastic materials, which is included in the body of the visor and firmly joined to the metal reinforcing rod. The retaining spring is sized to receive snugly the horizontal arm of the supporting pivot in such a way that the visor may be rotated around that pivot. Furthermore, both the spring and the horizontal arm of the supporting pivot possess complementary means for positioning them with respect to each other ensuring greater retaining strength in the rest position(s) of the visor, i.e. moving the visor away from those positions requires the user to exert a turning torque whose value is significantly higher than that required when the visor is not occupying its rest position(s). By way of example of embodiments of sunvisor hinges such as those described above, Spanish utility model number U 8902208 (equivalent to EP-A-0 440 788) may be quoted, this describing a linking body with an essentially quadrangular prismatic shape providing a housing for fitting a retaining spring and, around its edge, a recess such as to house a metal reinforcing rod shaped with a double bend, to prevent the linking body from changing its position once the linking body has been attached to the rod. The patent document EP-A-0 598 080 refers to a retaining spring of the above mentioned kind. Known embodiments of linking bodies for sunvisor hinges such as that described above all suffer, wholly or partly, from the following drawbacks. Their use requires the metal reinforcing rod to have a closed perimeter, ie. that the ends of the metal rod be joined together, generally by welding. Moreover, the linking bodies are sizeable items as a result of having to withstand the high stresses to which they are subjected when the visor is positioned by the user, said size constituting a clear limitation on performance. These drawbacks lead to high fitting and/or manufacturing costs for the sunvisor, which significantly increase the price of the finished product. Summary of the Invention With a view to contributing a new embodiment of the sunvisor hinge to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks - i.e. one not requiring the welding of the ends of the visor's metal reinforcing rod and not being large in size - a sunvisor hinge with a new structure for automobiles is disclosed. The sunvisor hinge of the invention comprises the following known elements. A one-piece linking body, made preferably in plastic materials, having means for its firm attachment to the metal reinforcing rod of the sunvisor body, and with a housing for snugly receiving a retaining spring. A bent supporting pivot, of whose two arms, vertical and horizontal, the vertical one is attachable to a base member fitted to the structure of the vehicle, and the horizontal one, or pivot of rotation for the sunvisor, is snugly attachable to the retaining spring housed in the linking body in such a way that the sunvisor may be rotated around the horizontal arm of the supporting pivot. The sunvisor hinge of this invention is characterized in that the essential shape of the linking body is an elongated parallelepipedon in which two adjoining hollow longitudinal sections, one in front and one behind, are present, of similar size, separated by the wall between them, said sections forming a longitudinal housing which extends along the inside of them. The front section, which houses the retaining spring in its inside, is open at its free end and possesses means for snugly receiving both the free ends of the metal reinforcing rod, in such a way that said ends, aligned longitudinally, are left facing each other; means for fixing the position of the retaining spring; and means for fixing the position of an L-shaped end of the metal reinforcing rod. Furthermore, the rear section of the linking body has one of its side faces open, and possesses means of fixing the position of the other U-shaped end of the metal reinforcing rod. These two sections, front and rear, are sized in such a way that the longitudinal housing receives the horizontal arm of the supporting pivot in a snug fit when the linking body and the metal reinforcing rod have been fitted together. In the front section of the linking body, the means for snugly receiving the two free ends of the metal reinforcing rod have a tubular extension which, arising in the interior wall, comes out in the rear section and extends until it reaches the open end of the front section. The means which fix the position of the retaining spring possess, on the upper face of the linking body, a longitudinal rib, and in the tubular extension, two diametrically arranged radial ribs and a tangential extension which run all along its length; these ribs and tangential extension are sized in such a way that, when the retaining spring is housed inside of the front section, they prevent the spring from being moved away from the position taken up. Furthermore, the means which fix the position of the relevant end of the metal rod have an orthogonal extension of relatively short length set in the open end of the front section, and this extension has a slot running all along its length with retaining projections for gripping, through successive elastic deformations of the side walls of said longitudinal extension, a section of the metal reinforcing rod. In the rear section of the linking body, the means which fix the position of the other end of the metal reinforcing rod comprise, on the front face, which is the one opposite the front section, a through-slot arranged centrally and in parallel to the open side face, and in the lower face, which is the face forming a dihedron with said front face and open side, a recessed housing, basically U-shaped, in which retaining projections are arranged, preferably three in number, two on the sides and one in the middle. The through-slot and the recessed housing are sized in such a way that the relevant end of the metal rod, which has a U shape similar to the shape of the recessed housing, may be passed inside the rear section through the through-slot, and its free end be inserted into the tubular extension located inside of the front sec-tion, in such a way that the metal rod may be rotated around the axis defined by the tubular extension and be firmly fitted in said recessed housing after elastic deformations of the retaining projections. Preferably, when coupling the U-shaped end of the metal rod with the linking body, the central retaining projection is elastically deformed by means of a tool designed for the purpose, in such a way that, during said rotation of the metal rod, the rod elastically deforms the other two retaining projections on the side and, when the U-shaped section of the metal rod is inside the recessed housing, the central projection elastically reassumes its initial position on ceasing to apply the tool. Naturally, this tool arrangement for the elastic deformation of the central retaining projection does not affect the function assigned to the side retaining projections. Brief description of the drawings The sheets of drawings accompanying this specification show the sunvisor hinge for automobiles of this invention. In these drawings: Figure 1 is a side view of a sunvisor hinge incorporating the hinge of this invention. Figure 2 is a side view of the linking body of the hinge of this invention. Figure 3 is a front view of the linking body of the hinge of this invention. Figure 4 is another side view of the linking body of the hinge of this invention. Figure 5 is a view of section V-V shown in Figure 3. Figure 6 is a view of section VI-VI shown in Figure 5. Figure 7 is a view of section VII-VII shown in Figure 5. Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 are respective views showing successive stages in the coupling of the two ends of the metal reinforcing rod of the sunvisor and the linking body of the hinge of this invention. Detailed description of the embodiment The sunvisor hinge for automobiles of this invention, which is described as an example of embodiment, is applicable, as shown in Figure 1, to sunvisors made up, in essence, of a visor body 1, generally made by injection-moulding polyurethane, which incorporates the metal rod 2, of circular section, that acts as a structural reinforcing part and which, as shown in Figure 1, has a shape which is very similar to that of the body 1. In this example of application of the hinge of this invention, the sunvisor shown in Figure 1 also has a hanging bridge 3 and a mirror 4, known as a "vanity mirror", it being stressed that both the body 1, the bridge 3 and the mirror 4, and indeed the metal rod 2 itself, are given only as a non-restrictive example of the application possibilities of the hinge of this invention, since all these items may take on other forms and layouts suitable to any given case of application without this affecting the essence of the invention. The hinge of this invention comprises the linking body 5, in which the retaining spring 6 is housed, as shown schematically by dotted lines in Figure 11, and the supporting pivot 7 shown in Figure 1. The linking body 5 and the supporting pivot 7, respectively, are made preferably of plastic materials of suitable mechanical properties, and the retaining spring 6 is made preferably of very flexible metal sheet. Figure 1 shows how the supporting pivot 7 has a bent shape by which its vertical arm 8 may be attached to a base member on the vehicle structure, this not being shown in the drawings, and its horizontal arm 9, which is shown schematically in Figure 11 by dotted lines, is housed inside the linking body 5 and in such a way that, when subjected to compression by the retaining spring 6, it enables the user to rotate the sunvisor around the horizontal arm 9 and set it in a stable fashion to any of its normal positions for use. The above is well known and customarily used for many known embodiments of hinges for sunvisors based on a visor body produced by the injection moulding of a light material. Figures 2, 3 and 4 show how the linking body 5 is shaped essentially as an elongated parallelepipedon with rounded edges, in which two longitudinal sections of similar length may be observed, the front section 10 and the rear section 11 respectively, shown in Figures 5, 8 and 9. These sections 10 and 11 are delimited by the inner wall 12 which, as shown in Figures 5, 8 and 9, arise in the lower face i of the linking body 5. We can also see the longitudinal housing 13 in which the horizontal arm 9 of the supporting pivot 7 may be inserted, as shown in Figure 11. This longitudinal housing 13 extends along the inside of both mentioned front section 10 and rear section 11. Figures 5, 6 and 8 show how inside of the front section 10 there is included the tubular extension 14 which, arising in the inner wall 12, extends to reach the open end of section 10. This tubular section 14, which comes out in the rear section 11, is sized, as shown in Figure 11 by dotted lines, snugly to receive both the free ends 15 and 16 of the metal reinforcing rod 2, in such a way that both the free ends, 15 and 16, are lined up longitudinally together. The position occupied by the retaining spring 6 inside of the front section 10 is set by the longitudinal rib 17 lying along the upper face s of the linking body 5, and by the two diametrically opposed radial ribs 18, and by the tangential extension 19 of the tubular extension 14, as shown in the section view given in Figure 6, and by dotted lines in Figure 11. Figures 2, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 11 show how, at the open end of the front section 10, there is an orthogonal extension 20 with a reinforcement 21 acting as a supporting bracket, which runs for a relatively short length. Extension 20 has, on its exterior face as shown in Figures 5, 8 and 9, the U-shaped front slot 22 in which the two retaining projections 23 are arranged opposite each other. This front slot 22 is sized to grip the section of the metal reinforcing rod 2 near its free end 15, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 11. Figures 2, 7 and 11 show how the rear section 11 of the linking body 5 has one of its side faces l open, like a window, and its front face f , which is the face opposite the front section 10, bears the central through-slot 24 which, as shown in Figure 3, is set in parallel with respect to the open side face l . This through-slot 24 is sized in such a way that, as shown in Figure 9, the metal reinforcing rod 2 can go through it. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3, 5, 8, 9 and 11, the lower end of the central slot 24 is aligned longitudinally with the hole of the tubular extension 14 located inside of the front section 10, in such a way that a rotational axis is defined, as shown in Figure 9. Figures 2, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 11 show how the lower face i of the linking body 5, which is the face that forms a dihedron with the front face f and the open side face l , forms a recessed and basically U-shaped housing 25, with reinforcing ribs 26 shown in Figure 4, which give it high mechanical resistance to deformation. Figures 2 and 11 show how the lower face i has two identical retaining side projections 27. And Figure 7 shows in cross-section how the side wall l' , which is the one opposite the open side wall l , has the central retaining projection 28, said retaining projections 27 and 28 fixing the section of the metal reinforcing rod 2 fitted in the recessed housing 25 formed by the lower face i as shown in Figure 11. The coupling of the linking body 5 of the sunvisor hinge of this invention to the metal reinforcing rod 2 of the body 1 of the visor requires, firstly, that the retaining spring 6 be housed inside of the front section 10 of the linking body 5, its position being set by the action of the longitudinal rib 17 and the tubular extension 14 by means of its two radial ribs 18 and the tangential extension 19, and secondly that the sections of the metal rod 2 near its free ends 15 and 16 are arranged as shown in Figure 11, i.e. the section near the free end 16, which is attachable inside of the front section 10 of the linking body 5, be L-shaped, and the section near the free end 15, which is attachable inside of the rear section 11 of the linking body 5, be U-shaped. On this basis, the coupling of the linking body 5 with the metal rod 2 is performed as follows: firstly, the free end 15 is inserted into the tubular extension 14 of the front section 10 through the through-slot 24 of the front face f of the rear section 11, in such a way that the U-shaped section of the metal rod 2 is arranged inside of the front section 11 as shown in Figure 9; next, the metal rod 2 is turned around its turning axis formed by the tubular extension 14 and the lower end of the through-slot 24, this turning of the rod 2 being continued until the retaining projections 27 and 28 are reached, at which point greater turning torque needs to be applied to rod 2 in order to provoke an initial elastic deformation of the retaining projections 27 and 28 and in such a way that the U-shaped section of rod 2 comes to occupy recessed housing 25 inside of the rear section 11, as shown in Figure 11; when the elastic deformation force ceases to be applied to the retaining projections 27 and 28, they spring back elastically to their initial position, preventing this free end of the rod 2 from coming away from the linking body 5; next, the free end 16 of the metal rod 2 is inserted in the tubular extension 14 which is inside of the front section 10 and, simultaneously, the straight section of the other end of rod 2 is pressed into the front slot 22 of the orthogonal extension 20, in such a way that the retaining projections 23 arranged on said slot 22 prevent this end of the rod 2 from coming away from the linking body 5. Once the linking body 5 has been coupled to the metal rod 2, as shown in figure 11, in which its free ends 15 and 16 are longitudinally aligned, the visor body 1 may then be injected, and subsequently the horizontal arm 9 of the supporting pivot 7 may be fitted in the longitudinal housing 13, as shown in Figure 1. Preferably, when coupling the U-shaped metal rod 2 inside of the rear section 11 of the linking body 5, the elastic deformation of the central retaining projection 27 is performed with the assistance of the tool u provided for the purpose and shown schematically by dotted lines in Figure 10. Thus, turning the U-shaped rod 2 results in the elastic deformation of the two lateral retaining projections 27, while the elastic deformation of the above-mentioned central projection 28 is achieved using said tool u . In this way, once the U-shaped rod 2 has been fitted in the recessed housing 25, the lateral retaining projections 27 reassume their initial position due to elastic action, and when the tool u ceases to be applied to the central retaining projection 28, it too springs back to its initial position, preventing the linking body 5 from coming away from the metal rod 2, as previously stated.

Claims: A sunvisor hinge for automobiles which comprises the following elements: a one-piece linking body (5), made preferably in plastic materials, having means for its firm attachment to the metal reinforcing rod (2) of the body (1) of the sunvisor, and with a housing (13) for snugly receiving a retaining spring (6); a bent supporting pivot (7), of whose two arms, vertical (8) and horizontal (9), the vertical one (8) is attachable to a base member fitted to the structure of the vehicle, and the horizontal one (9), or pivot of rotation for the sunvisor, is snugly attachable to the retaining spring (6) housed in the linking body (5) in such a way that the sunvisor may be rotated around the horizontal arm (9) of the supporting pivot (7); and characterized in that: the essential shape of the linking body (5) is an elongated parallelepipedon in which two adjoining hollow longitudinal sections, one in front (10) and one behind (11), are present - of similar size, and delimited by the wall (12) between them - said sections forming a longitudinal housing (13) which extends along the inside of them; the front section (10), which houses the retaining spring (6) in its inside, is open at its free end, and possesses means for snugly receiving both the free ends (15, 16) of the metal reinforcing rod (2), in such a way that said ends (15, 16), aligned longitudinally, are left facing each other; means for fixing the position of the retaining spring (6); and means for fixing the position of an L-shaped end of the metal reinforcing rod (2); the rear section (11) of the linking body (5) has one of its side faces ( l ) open, and possesses means of fixing the position of the other U-shaped end of the metal reinforcing rod (2), which two sections, front (10) and rear (11), are sized in such a way that the longitudinal housing (13) receives the horizontal arm (9) of the supporting pivot (7) in a snug fit when the linking body (5) and the metal reinforcing rod (2) have been fitted together. A hinge according to claim 1) which is characterized in that in the front section (10) of the linking body (5), the means for snugly receiving the two free ends (15, 16) of the metal reinforcing rod (2) have a tubular extension (14) which, arising in the interior wall (12), comes out in the rear section (11) and extends until it reaches the open end of the front section (10), the means which fix the position of the retaining spring (6) possessing, on the upper face ( s ) of the linking body (5), a longitudinal rib (17), and in the tubular extension (14), two diametrically arranged radial ribs (18) and a tangential extension (19) which run all along its length, said ribs (17, 18) and tangential extension (19) being sized in such a way that, when the retaining spring (6) is housed inside of the front section (10), they prevent the spring (6) from being moved away from the position taken up; and the means which fix the position of the relevant end of the metal rod (2) have an orthogonal extension (20) of relatively short length set in the open end of the front section (10), and this extension (20) has a slot (22) running all along its length with retaining projections (23) for gripping a section of the metal reinforcing rod (2). A hinge according to claims 1) and 2) which is characterized in that, in the rear section (11) of the linking body (5), the means which fix the position of the other end of the metal reinforcing rod (2) comprise, on the front face ( f ), which is the one opposite the front section (10), a through-slot (24) arranged centrally and in parallel to the open side face ( l ), and in the lower face ( i ), which is the face forming a dihedron with said front face ( f ) and open side ( l ), a recessed housing (25), basically U-shaped, in which retaining projections (27, 28) are arranged, preferably three in number, two on the sides (27) and one in the middle (28), the through-slot (24) and the recessed housing (25) being sized in such a way that the relevant end of the metal rod (2), which has a U shape similar to the shape of the recessed housing (25), may be passed inside the rear section (11) through the through-slot (24), and its free end (15) be inserted into the tubular extension (14) located inside of the front section (10), in such a way that the metal rod (2) may be rotated around the axis defined by the tubular extension (14) and be firmly fitted in said recessed housing (25) after elastic deformations of the retaining projections (27, 28). A hinge according to claims 1) to 3) which is characterized in that, preferably, when attaching the U-shaped end of the metal rod (2) to the linking body (5), the central retaining projection (28) is elastically deformed by means of a tool ( u ) designed for the purpose, in such a way that, during said rotation of the metal rod (2), the rod elastically deforms the other two retaining projections (25) on the side and, when the U-shaped section of the metal rod (2) is inside the recessed housing (25), the central projection (28) elastically reassumes its initial position on ceasing to apply the tool ( u ).

Inventors: AYMERICH MUNOZ JOSE, AYMERICH MUNOZ, JOSE, AYMERICH MUNOZ, José
Applicants: FICO ITM SA, FICO I.T.M., S.A.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B60J3
IPC codes: B60J3