Gas-feeding nozzle

Abstract: A gas-feeding nozzle for use with a mold attached to an injection molding machine and for introducing a pressurized gas into a molten resin injected in a cavity of the mold to produce an injection molded article having a hollow structure, wherein a top portion of the gas-feeding nozzle is formed of a gas ejection portion whose inner side wall along a flow direction of the pressurized gas has at least one concavo-convex portion.

Description: The present invention relates to a gas-feeding nozzle for use in an injection molding machine for the production of an injection molded article having an excellent appearance free of sink marks and distortion. More specifically, it relates to a gas-feeding nozzle for feeding a pressurized gas into a molten resin injected into a cavity of a mold attached to an injection molding machine for producing an injection molded article having a hollow structure. For example, JP-A-64-14012 (corresponding to U. S. Patent 4,740,150) discloses an injection molding machine for producing a molded article having an excellent appearance. JP-A-64-14012 discloses a method in which a molten thermoplastic resin is injected into a cavity of a mold, then a pressurized gas is introduced into the molten thermoplastic resin in the cavity to form a hollow structure within the thermoplastic resin. Finally, the gas within the hollow structure is released into atmosphere before the mold is opened. When the gas-feeding nozzle disclosed in JP-A-64-14012 is used, the gas ejection portion forming a top portion of the gas-feeding nozzle is filled with part of the molten thermoplastic resin injected into the cavity before introduction of the pressurized gas into the molten thermoplastic resin. Then, the pressurized gas is introduced into the molten thermoplastic resin in the cavity through a gas ejection outlet at the top end of the gas ejection portion. In this case, a gas flow path is formed in and along the central line of the molten resin filled in the gas ejection portion forming the top portion of the gas-feeding nozzle as schematically shown in Fig. 17. During the introduction of the pressurized gas, the resin which is semi-molten or undergoing solidification is pressed onto the side inner wall of the gas ejection portion. As a result, the leakage of the pressurized gas through a gap between the gas ejection outlet and the mold can be prevented, and the pressurized gas can be reliably and smoothly introduced into the molten thermoplastic resin in the cavity of the mold. In Figs. 17 and 18, numeral 100 indicates a conventional gas-feeding nozzle, numeral 112 indicates a gas ejection portion, numeral 120 indicates a gas ejection outlet, numeral 126 is a gas flow passage, numeral 130 is a non-return valve, numeral 42 indicates a movable mold member, numeral 44 indicates a gas inlet portion provided in the movable mold member 42, numeral 48 indicates a cavity, numeral 60 indicates a molten resin, numeral 62 indicates a hollow portion (structure) formed in the molten resin 60. In the above prior art technique, however, when the pressurized gas is introduced through the gas-feeding nozzle into a molten thermoplastic resin in the cavity, a phenomenon of the pressurized gas blowing off the molten resin filled in the gas ejection portion often takes place depending upon the injection molding conditions such as the kind and viscosity of the resin used, pressure of the pressurized gas, introduction timing of the pressurized gas, and the like. This phenomenon will be hereinafter called "blow-off phenomenon", which is schematically shown in Fig. 18. When this phenomenon takes place, arises the problem that the pressurized gas leaks, so that an injection molded article having an intended hollow structure can be no longer produced. The blow-off phenomenon can be overcome in some cases by adjusting the pressure of the pressurized gas and the introduction timing of the pressurized gas, while it is often difficult to produce a molded article having an excellent appearance free of sink marks and distortion. Similar gas feeding nozzles are disclosed in EP-A-577840 (and WO 93/12919) and US 4106 887. EP-A-577840 discloses a nozzle in which the gas ejection portion has a narrowing at the outlet end and a solid core piece movable axially in the nozzle so that it can effectively block the narrowed end during resin injection but be retracted during gas injection. US 4106 877 discloses a nozzle including a non-return valve. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a gas-feeding nozzle which makes it possible to smoothly and reliably introduce a pressurized gas into a molten resin injected in a cavity of a mold, under a broad range of injection molding conditions, and which can prevent the blow-off phenomenon. According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas-feeding nozzle for use with a mold attached to an injection molding machine and for introducing a pressurized gas into a molten resin injected in a cavity of the mold to produce an injection molded article having a hollow structure, the gas-feeding nozzle comprising a gas ejection portion extending from a gas introducing port to an outlet of the nozzle; characterised in that a concave recess or a convex projection is provided in the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion, the edges of the recess or projection being spaced along the inner side walls from the outlet tip of the nozzle and from the gas introducing port. The inner side wall of the gas ejection portion may be formed in parallel with the axis of the gas injection nozzle or may be tapered. In the later case, preferably, it may be formed such that the cross-sectional area of the gas ejection portion gradually increases along the flow direction of the pressurized gas. In one preferred embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave or convex portion is formed of at least one groove portion or at least one ridge which extends nearly at right angles with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. The groove portion or the ridge in this embodiment may have a continuous or discontinuous ring form which extends on the inner side wall of the gas ejection portion nearly at right angles with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. Further, when the groove portion or the ridge is a discontinuous ring, the fragments of the groove portion or the ridge may be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically with regard to the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. In another preferred embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave or convex portion is formed of at least one groove portion or at least one ridge which extends substantially parallel to the flow direction of the pressurized gas. In this embodiment, the groove portion or the ridge may have a continuous or discontinuous form of a straight or curved line. When a plurality of the groove portions or the ridges are present, the groove portions or the ridges may be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically with regard to the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. In another preferred embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave or convex portion is formed of at least one pit or at least one local projection. When a plurality of the pits or the projections are present, they may be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically with regard to the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. The plane-sectional form of the pit or the projection may have any form as required such as a rectangular form, a polygonal form, a circular form or an oval form. In the above embodiments, the concave or convex portion may be a combination of the concave and convex portions. The depth of the concave portion is preferably 2 to 30 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion, or the height of the convex portion is preferably 2 to 30 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion. Further, the cross-sectional form of the concave or convex portion may have any form as required, such as a rectangular form, an corners-removed rectangular form, a semi-circular form, a semi-oval form, a combination of a straight line and a semi-circular form, a combination of a straight line and a semi-oval form. If in the above embodiments, the depth or height of the concave or convex portion is less than 2 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion, the effect on the prevention of the blow-off phenomenon is insufficient. When the depth or the height of the concave or convex portion exceeds 30 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion, it may be difficult to remove an injection molded article from the mold because a cooled and solidified resin in the gas ejection portion is caught by the concave or convex portion in some cases, which may naturally affect the continuous operation of a molding cycle. In another preferred embodiment, the concave or convex portion may be formed of continuous fine pits and projections by a processing method such as an embossing method. In this embodiment, the depth of the pits or the height of the projections is not specially limited, and even if the concave or convex portion has the form of fine pits and projections, the blow-off phenomenon can be prevented. In the gas-feeding nozzle according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concave or convex portion is formed on the inner side wall of the gas ejection portion along the flow direction of the pressurized gas. As a result, when the pressurized gas flows in a molten resin filled in the gas ejection portion, the concave or convex portion produces a so-called an anchor effect, which can prevents the blow-off phenomenon, i.e., the phenomenon of the pressurized gas blowing off the molten resin filled in the gas ejection portion. According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a gas-feeding nozzle for use with a mold attached to an injection molding machine and for introducing a pressurized gas into a molten resin injected in a cavity of the mold to produce an injection molded article having a hollow structure, the gas-feeding nozzle comprising a gas ejection portion extending from a gas introducing port to an outlet tip of the nozzle; the gas introducing port being narrower than the gas ejection portion; characterized in that the gas introduction port is connected to the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion by a radially extending surface sloping from the gas introduction port to the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion backwards with respect to the gas flow direction. The inner side wall may be formed in parallel with the axis of the gas injection nozzle or may be tapered. In later case, preferably, it may be formed such that the cross-sectional area of the gas ejection portion gradually increases toward the gas ejection outlet. The value (L 1 - L 2 ) obtained by deducting the distance (L 2 ) between the gas introducing port and the gas ejection tip from the length (L 1 ) of the inner side wall is preferably 2 to 30 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion. When the above value is less than 2 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion, the effect on the prevention of the blow-off phenomenon is insufficient. When the above value exceeds 30 % of the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion, a cooled and solidified resin may build up near the bottom of plane, and as a result, the introduction of the pressurized gas may be unstable in some cases. The cross-sectional form of the bottom plane, taken by cutting the bottom plane with a plane including the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, may have any form, such as any one of a linear form, a curved form and a step-by-step form. In the gas-feeding nozzle according to the second aspect of the present invention, the length (L 1 ) of the inner side wall is greater than the distance (L 2 ) between the gas introducing port and the gas ejection outlet. In the gas ejection portion, therefore, the molten resin is filled up to the radial surface which is located upstream relative to the gas introducing port. As a result, since a molten resin filled up to the radial surface located upstream relative to the gas introducing port is present when the pressurized gas is introduced, a so-called anchor effect works to effectively prevent the blow-off phenomenon. A gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention may be formed by combining the first and second aspect of the present invention. In the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention, a non-return valve is preferably provided upstream to the gas ejection portion. The gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention is connected to a pressurized gas source through a tubing. The concave or convex portion formed on the inner side wall of the gas ejection portion is preferably provided near the non-return valve. In the present specification, "upstream" refers to a direction toward the pressurized gas source side, and "downstream" refers to a direction toward the cavity of the mold. The process using the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention for producing an injection molded article, is carried out by, first, injecting a molten resin into a cavity of a mold until the cavity is fully filled with the molten resin and then introducing a pressurized gas into the molten resin fully filled in the cavity of the mold, or by injecting a molten resin into a cavity of a mold to an extent that the cavity is not fully filled with the molten resin and then introducing a pressurized gas into the molten resin in the cavity, or by injecting a predetermined amount of a molten resin into a cavity of a mold and then further continuing the injection of a molten resin into the cavity while introducing a pressurized gas into the molten resin. While the resin in the cavity of the mold is cooled and solidified, the introduction of the pressurized gas is continued, whereby an injection molded article having a hollow structure can be formed. When the pressurized gas is introduced, the gas ejection portion forming the top portion of the gas-feeding nozzle is filled with the molten resin. When the cooling and solidification of the resin in the cavity of the mold finishes, the introduction of the pressurized gas is terminated, and a gap is formed between the top of the gas ejection portion and the mold, for example, by withdrawing the gas-feeding nozzle. As a result, the pressurized gas remaining within the hollow structure formed in the injection molded article is released to atmosphere, so that deformation of the injection molded article caused by the pressurized gas remaining within the hollow structure can be prevented. Then, the mold is opened, and the injection molded article is taken out of the mold. When the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention is used, the blow-off phenomenon can be prevented, which can consequently prevent the leakage of the pressurized gas through the gap between the gas ejection portion forming the top end of the gas-feeding nozzle and the mold. Therefore, the pressurized gas can be reliably and smoothly introduced into the molten resin injected in the cavity of the mold. Heating the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention with the heating apparatus disclosed in JP-A-4-34015 is effective for preventing the clogging of the gas-feeding nozzle with a resin and for reliably introducing the pressurized gas. Although not specially limited, the resin used in an injection molding method with the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention includes not only general plastics such as a polyolefin resin, a polystyrene resin, an ABS resin, a PVC resin, a methacrylate resin and a fluorine-containing resin but also engineering plastics such as a nylon resin, a saturated polyester resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyacrylate resin, a polyacetal resin, a polysulfone resin and a modified polyphenylene ether resin. It further includes a polymer alloy which is a combination of the above resins. The resin may contain a fibrous reinforcement, a filler and a stabilizer. The conditions for carrying out an injection molding method with the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention, such as the amount, temperature, pressure and an injection rate of a molten resin, the amount, pressure and feed rate of a pressurized gas to be introduced, a time for cooling the mold, etc., differ depending upon the kind of a resin used and the form of a mold used, etc. Therefore, the above conditions are not uniformly determined, and are required to be controlled as required. The gas used includes substances which are gaseous at room temperature such as nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, air and helium gas and gases liquefied under high pressure. The invention will be further described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:- Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 1. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the gas-feeding nozzle of Example 1 is provided to a mold attached to an injection molding machine. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-feeding nozzle, a movable mold member and a molten resin in a cavity of a mold, showing a state in which the molten resin has been injected into the cavity and a pressurized gas has not yet introduced into the molten resin. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-feeding nozzle, a movable mold member and a molten resin in a cavity of a mold, showing a state in which a pressurized gas is being introduced into the molten resin injected in the cavity of the mold. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-feeding nozzle, a movable mold member and a cooled and solidified resin in a cavity of a mold, showing a state in which a pressurized gas introduced into a molten resin is being released into atmosphere. Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 2. Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 3. Fig. 8A and Fig. 8B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 4. Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 5. Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 6. Fig. 11A and Fig. 11B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 7. Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 8. Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 9. Fig. 14A and Fig. 14B are schematic cross-sectional views of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 10. Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 11. Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 12. Fig. 17 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional gas-feeding nozzle and a mold, showing a state in which a pressurized gas is being introduced. Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the blow-off phenomenon during the introduction of a pressurized gas when a conventional gas-feeding nozzle is used. Example 1 Fig. 1A and Fig. 1 B show a gas-feeding nozzle of Example 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention. Fig. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a IB-IB line shown in Fig. 1A. In the gas-feeding nozzle of Example 1, a top portion of a gas-feeding nozzle 10 forms a gas ejection portion 12, and a concave portion 16 is formed on an inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 along the flow direction of the pressurized gas. In Example 1, the surface of the inner side wall 14 is in parallel with the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. The concave portion 16 is formed of or comprises one groove portion which extends nearly at right angles with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. The groove portion has the form of a ring formed continuously along the circumference of the inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12. Further, the gas ejection portion 12 has a gas ejection outlet 20 which is provided at one end of the inner side wall 14 and used for outletting the pressurized gas, a bottom plane 22 extending from the other end of the inner side wall 14 and a gas introducing port 24 formed in the bottom plane 22. In Fig. 1A, numeral 26 indicates a gas flow passage, and the pressurized gas flows through the gas flow passage 26 from left hand side to right hand side in Fig. 1A. In Example 1, the gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the groove portion had a depth of 0.15 mm and width of 1.5 mm. The cross-sectional form of the concave portion 16, taken by cutting the concave portion 16 with a plane including the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was rectangular. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 8.0 mm, and the distance from the gas ejection outlet 20 to the center of the groove portion was 5.0 mm. The gas-feeding nozzle 10 is provided with a non-return valve 30. The non-return valve is formed of a non-return valve casing portion 32 and a ball 34 of a metal disposed within the non-return valve casing portion 32. A pressurized gas passes the gas flow passage 26, then reaches the non-return valve 30 to move the ball 34 in the right hand direction in Fig. 1A, and is ejected through the non-return valve 30. When a molten resin reversely flows the gas ejection portion 12 to reach the non-return valve 30 during the injection of the molten resin, the ball 34 is energized in the left hand direction in Fig. 1A, and is pressed to a left wall of the non-return valve casing portion 32. As a result, the non-return valve 30 comes to a closed state and prevents the counter-flow of the molten resin. Fig. 2 schematically shows a state in which the gas-feeding nozzle 10 is provided to a mold attached to an injection molding machine. As shown in Fig. 2, the mold is formed of a movable mold member 42 and a fixed mold member 46. The gas-feeding nozzle 10 may be provided, for example, to the movable mold member 42. The gas-feeding nozzle 10 may be reciprocally moved (in the left and right hand directions in Fig. 2) with moving means 50 formed of a piston and a cylinder attached to the movable mold member 42. In Fig. 2, numeral 52 indicates a gas tubing, of which one end is connected to the gas flow passage 26 of the gas-feeding nozzle 10 and the other end is connected to a pressurized gas source (not shown). Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of a portion A shown in Fig. 2. A gas inlet portion 44 provided in the movable mold member 42 is opened toward a cavity 48 of a mold. When gas-feeding nozzle 10 is moved in the right hand direction in Fig. 2 with the moving means 50, the gas ejection outlet 20 at the top end of the gas ejection portion 12 is brought in close contact with the gas inlet portion 44, so that the leakage of a molten resin 60 injected in the cavity 48 of the mold through a gap 29 between the ejection outlet 20 and the movable mold member 42 can be prevented. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-feeding nozzle 10, the movable mold member 42 and the molten resin 60 in the cavity 48 of the mold 42, 46, showing a state in which the molten resin 60 has been injected into the cavity 48 and a pressurized gas has not yet introduced into the molten resin 60. The gas-feeding nozzle 10 is moved to a forward position with the moving means 50, and the top end of the gas-feeding nozzle 10 is in close contact with the gas inlet portion 44 provided in the movable mold member 42. The ejection portion 12 is filled with the molten resin. Numeral 28 indicates a heater for reliable gas feeding. The heater 28 may be provided outside the vicinity of the gas ejection portion 12. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-feeding nozzle 10, the movable mold member 42 and the molten resin 60 in the cavity 48 of the mold, showing a state in which a pressurized gas is being introduced into the molten resin 60 injected in the cavity 48. Due to the introduction of the pressurized gas into the molten resin 60, a hollow structure (hollow portion) 62 is formed in an interior of the molten resin 60. The concave portion 16 is formed on the inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12, so that a so-called anchor effect of the resin works and effectively prevents the blow-off phenomenon from occurring. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-feeding nozzle 10, the movable mold member 42 and the cooled and solidified resin 60 in the cavity 48 of the mold, showing a state in which the pressurized gas introduced into the resin is being released into atmosphere. The gas-feeding nozzle 10 is moved to a backward position with the moving means 50, and the top end of the gas-feeding nozzle 10 is apart from the gas inlet portion 44 of the movable mold member 42. As a result, the pressurized gas introduced into the resin is released to atmosphere. The movable mold member 42 was moved to clamp the mold, and then the gas-feeding nozzle 10 was moved with the moving means 50 to bring it into close contact with the gas inlet portion 44 of the movable mold member 42. Then, a polycarbonate resin (trade name: Iupilon S3000R, natural color, supplied by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.) was plasticized and melted in an injection molding cylinder 40 of an injection molding machine at a resin temperature of 280° C. The molten polycarbonate resin (molten resin 60) was injected into the cavity 48 at an injection pressure of 1130 kgf/cm 2 -G. 3.0 seconds after the initiation of the injection, the injection operation was discontinued, and then, a compressed nitrogen gas as a pressurized gas was introduced into the molten resin 60 in the cavity 48 through the gas-feeding nozzle 10 under a pressure of one of three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G to form a hollow structure in the molten resin 60. The resin was cooled for 60 seconds, and then, the pressurized gas was released into atmosphere by moving the gas-feeding nozzle 10 backward with the moving means 50. Then, the mold was opened, and an injection molded article was taken out. The injection molded article had the hollow structure in its thick wall portion, and the gas-feeding nozzle 10 worked its full function. When the pressurized gas was introduced under a pressure of any one of the above three levels, no blow-off phenomenon was found. Comparative Example 1 Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1 except that the gas-feeding nozzle was replaced with one having no concave portion 16. When the pressurized gas was introduced at 80 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place. When the pressurized gas was introduced at 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon took place each time. Example 2 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 2 is shown in Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B. Fig. 6A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 6B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a VIB-VIB line shown in Fig. 6A. The convex portion 16A of the gas-feeding nozzle used in this Example 2 was formed of or comprises one projected portion (ridge) which extended nearly at right angles with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. The projected portion had the form of a ring formed continuously along the circumference of the inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12. The cross-sectional form of the convex portion 16A, taken by cutting the convex portion 16A with a plane including the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was rectangular. The gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the projected portion had a height of 0.2 mm and width of 1.2 mm. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 8.0 mm, and the distance from the gas ejection outlet 20 to the center of the projected portion was 5.0 mm. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level. Example 3 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 3 is shown in Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B. Fig. 7A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 7B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a VIIB-VIIB line shown in Fig. 7A. The concave portions 16B of the gas-feeding nozzle 10 used in Example 3 was formed of or comprised two groove portions which extended nearly in parallel with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. Each groove portion had the form of a straight line. The cross-sectional form of the concave portion 16B, taken by cutting the concave portion 16B with a plane at right angles with the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was rectangular. A gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the groove portion had a depth of 0.2 mm and width of 1.0 mm. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 10.0 mm, and the distance from a gas ejection outlet 20 to the near end of the groove portion was 1.5 mm. The groove portion had a length of 5.0 mm. The width of the groove portion may be approximately 1.0 to 2.0 mm. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. The pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 80 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 130 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon constantly took place. Example 4 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 4 was a modification of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 3. Fig. 8A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 8B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a VIIIB-VIIIB line shown in Fig. 8A. The concave portions 16B of the gas-feeding nozzle 10 used in this Example 4 were formed of or comprised three groove portions which extended nearly in parallel with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. Except for this structural modification, the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 4 had the same structure as that of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 3. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level. Example 5 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 5 is shown in Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B. Fig. 9A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 9B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a IXB-IXB line shown in Fig. 9A. The convex portions 16C of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 5 were formed of or comprised two projected portion: (ridges) which extended nearly in parallel with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. Each projected portion had the form of a straight line. The cross-sectional form of the convex portion 16C, taken by cutting the convex portion 16C with a plane at right angles with the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was rectangular. The gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the projected portion had a height of 0.2 mm and width of 1.0 mm. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 10.0 mm, and the distance from the gas ejection outlet 20 to the near end of the projected portion was 1.5 mm. The projected portion had a length of 4.0 mm. The width of the projected portion may be approximately 1.0 to 2.0 mm. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. The pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 80 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 130 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon constantly took place. Example 6 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 6 was a modification of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 5. Fig. 10A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 10B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along an XB-XB line shown in Fig. 10A. The convex portions 16C of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 6 were formed of or comprised three projected portions which extended nearly in parallel with the flow direction of the pressurized gas. Except for this structural modification, the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 6 had the same structure as that of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 5. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level. Example 7 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 7 is shod in Fig. 11A and Fig. 11B. Fig. 11A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 11B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a XIB-XIB line shown in Fig. 11A. The concave portions 16D of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 7 were formed of or comprised two pits. The pits were arranged at intervals of 180 degrees. The gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the pits had a depth of 0.5 mm and a diameter of 2.0 mm. Each pit had the plane-sectional form of a circle and the cross-sectional form of a semi-circle. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 8.0 mm, and the distance from the gas ejection outlet 20 to the center of the pit was 6.0 mm. The pit may have a depth of 0.1 to 1.5 mm and a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 mm. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. The pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 80 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 130 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon constantly took place. Example 8 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 8 was a modification of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 7. Fig. 12A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 12B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along an XIIB-XIIB line shown in Fig. 12A. The concave portions 16D of the gas-feeding nozzle used in this Example 8 were formed of or comprised three pits which were arranged at intervals of 120 degrees. Except for this structural modification, the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 8 had the same structure as that of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 7. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level. Example 9 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 9 is shown in Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B. Fig. 13A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 13B shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along a XIIIB-XIIIB line shown in Fig. 13A. The convex portions 16E of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 9 were formed of or comprised two projections. The projections were arranged at intervals of 180 degrees. The gas ejection portion 12 had an inner diameter of 5.0 mm, and the projections had a height of 0.2 mm and a diameter of 1.0 mm. Each projection had the plane-sectional form of a circle and the cross-sectional form of a rectangle. The inner side wall 14 of the gas ejection portion 12 had a length of 10.0 mm, and the distance from the gas ejection outlet 20 to the center of the projection was 5.0 mm. The projection may have a height of 0.1 to 1.5 mm and a diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 mm. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. The pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 80 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 130 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, the blow-off phenomenon constantly took place. Example 10 The gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 10 was a modification of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 9. Fig. 14A shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. Fig. 14 shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along an XIV-XIV line shown in Fig. 14A. The convex portions 16E of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 10 were formed of or comprised three projections which were arranged at intervals of 120 degrees. Except for this structural modification, the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 10 had the same structure as that of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 9. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level. Example 11 The gas-feeding nozzle 10A used in Example 11 according to the second aspect of the present invention is shown in Fig. 15, which shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. In the gas-feeding nozzle 10A of Example 11, a top portion of the gas-feeding nozzle forms a gas ejection portion 12, and the gas ejection portion 12 comprises an inner side wall 14 along a flow direction of a pressurized gas, a gas ejection outlet 20 provided in one end of the inner side wall 14 for outletting the pressurized gas, a bottom plane 22A extending from the other end of the inner side wall and a gas introducing port 24 formed in the bottom plane 22A. The length (L 1 ) of the inner side wall 14 is greater than the distance (L 2 ) from the gas introducing port 24 to the gas outlet 20. In this Example 11, the inner diameter of the gas ejection portion 12 was 5.0 mm, L 1 was 10.0 mm, and L 2 was 9.0 mm. The cross-sectional form of the bottom plane, taken by cutting the bottom plane with a plane including the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was straight. In Example 11, the surface of the inner side wall 14 in parallel with the axis of the gas- feeding nozzle. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level since the resin filled near the bottom plane 22 had a so-called anchor effect. Example 12 The gas-feeding nozzle 10A used in Example 12 was a modification of the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 11. Fig. 16 shows a schematic cross section of the gas-feeding nozzle, taken along the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle. The gas-feeding nozzle 10A used in Example 12 was structurally the same as the gas-feeding nozzle used in Example 11 except that the cross-sectional form of the bottom plane 22B of the gas-feeding nozzle 10A used in Example 12, taken by cutting the bottom plane 22B with a plane including the axis of the gas-feeding nozzle, was curved. Injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as those in Example 1. When the pressure of the pressurized gas was set at three levels of 80, 130 and 180 kgf/cm 2 -G, no blow-off phenomenon took place at any pressure level since the resin filled near the bottom plane 22 had a so-called anchor effect. Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 summarize the results concerning the blow-off phenomenon in Examples and Comparative Example. In Tables, "A" means that no blow-off phenomenon took place, "B" means that the blow-off phenomenon sometimes took place, and "C" means that the blow-off phenomenon constantly took place. In Tables, further, the unit of the pressurized gas is kgf/cm 2 -G. As explained above, in the gas-feeding nozzle of the present invention, the concavo-convex portion(s) is (are) formed on the inner side wall of the gas ejection portion, or the length of the inner side wall is arranged to be greater than the distance from the gas introducing port to the gas ejection outlet. Therefore, when the pressurized gas is introduced into the molten resin injected in the cavity of the mold, the blowing off of resin filled in the gas ejection portion by the pressurized gas can be effectively prevented. As a result, the pressurized gas does not leak out of the molten resin, but it can be smoothly and reliably introduced into the molten resin in the cavity of the mold, and injection molded articles having a hollow structure can be produced at a stable continuous cycle.

Claims: A gas-feeding nozzle (10) for use with a mold (42,46) attached to an injection molding machine and for introducing a pressurized gas into a molten resin (60) injected in a cavity (48) of the mold (42,46) to produce an injection molded article having a hollow structure, the gas-feeding nozzle (10) comprising a gas ejection portion (12) extending from a gas introducing port (24) to an outlet (20) of the nozzle; characterised in that a concave recess (16, 16B, 16D) or a convex projection (16A, 16C, 16E) is provided in the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion (12), the edges of the recess (16, 16B, 16D) or projection (16A, 16C, 16E) being spaced along the inner side walls from the outlet tip (20) of the nozzle and from the gas introducing port (24). A gas-feeding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the concave recess is formed of at least one groove portion (16) extending transverse to the flow direction of the pressurised gas. A gas-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the convex projection is formed by at least the one ridge (16A) extending transverse to the flow direction of the pressurised gas. A gas-feeding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the concave recess is formed of at least one groove portion (16B) extending substantially parallel to the flow direction of the pressurised gas. A gas feeding nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the convex projection is formed by at least one ridge (16C) extending substantially parallel to the flow direction of the pressurised gas. A gas-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the concave recess or convex projection is formed respectively of at least one pit (16D) or at least local projection (16E). A gas-feeding nozzle (10) for use with a mold (42,46) attached to an injection molding machine and for introducing a pressurized gas into a molten resin (60) injected in a cavity (48) of the mold (42, 46) to produce an injection molded article having a hollow structure, the gas-feeding nozzle (10) comprising a gas ejection portion (12) extending from a gas introducing port (24) to an outlet tip (20) of the nozzle; the gas introduction port (24) being narrower than the gas ejection portion (12); characterized in that the gas introducing port (24) is connected to the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion (12) by a radially extending surface (22A, 22B) sloping from the gas introducing port (24) to the inner side walls of the gas ejection portion (12) backwards with respect to the gas flow direction. A gas-feeding nozzle according to claim 7, wherein a non-return valve (10) is provided upstream of the gas introducing port (24).

Inventors: KANEISHI AKIMASA, KIBOSHI SHINJI, KANEISHI, AKIMASA, KIBOSHI, SHINJI, KANEISHI, AKIMASA, TECHNICAL CENTER OF MITSUBISHI, KIBOSHI, SHINJI, TECHNICAL CENTER OF MITSUBISHI
Applicants: MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL CO, MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B29C45
IPC codes: B29C49, B29C45, B29L22