CLONING AND RECOMBINANT PRODUCTION OF CRF (CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR) RECEPTOR(S)

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided novel G-protein-coupled receptor proteins (CRF-R) characterized by having sufficient binding affinity for corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) such that concentrations of </= 10 nM of CRF occupy >/= 50 % of the binding sites of said receptor protein. Nucleic acid sequences encoding such receptors, assays employing same, as well as antibodies derived therefrom, are also disclosed. Invention CRF-Rs can be employed in a variety of ways, such as, for example, in bioassays, for production of antibodies thereto, in therapeutic compositions containing such proteins and/or antibodies.

Description: CLONING AND RECOMBINANT PRODUCTION OF CRF (CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR) RECEPTOR(S). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This invention was made with United States Government support under Grant Number DK26745, awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The United States 5 Government has certain rights in this invention. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to receptor proteins, DNA sequences encoding same, and various uses therefor. 10 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a 41- residue hypothalamic peptide which stimulates the secretion and biosynthesis of pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) leading to increased adrenal glucocorticoid 15 production. CRF was originally isolated and characterized on the basis of its role in this hypothala ic-pituitary- adrenal axis (HPA) [Vale et al., Science Vol. 213:1394-1397 (1981)]. More recently, however, CRF has been found to be distributed broadly within the central nervous system (CNS) 20 as well as in extra-neural tissues such as the adrenal glands and testes [Swanson et al., Neuroendocrinology Vol. 3j6:165-186 (1983); Suda et al., J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Vol. 5.8 . :919-924 (1984; Fabbri and Dufau, Endocrinology Vol. 122:1541-1543 (1990)], and sites of inflammation, where it 25 may also act as a paracrine regulator or neurotransmitter. In addition to the critical role of CRF in mediating HPA axis activation, it has been shown to modulate autonomic and behavioral changes that occur during the stress response. Many of these behavioral changes have been shown to occur independently of HPA activation in that they are insensitive to dexa ethasone treatment and hypophysectomy [Britton et al., Life Sci. Vol. 38:211-216 (1986); Britton et al., Life Sci. Vol. 3_9:1281-1286 (1986); Berridge and Dunn, Pharm. Bioch. Behav. Vol. 34:517-519 (1989) ] . In addition, direct infusion of CRF into the CNS mimics autonomic and behavioral responses to a variety of stressors [Sutton et al., Nature Vol. 192:331-333 (1982); Brown and Fisher, Brain Res. Vol. 280:75-79 (1983); Stephens et al., Peptides Vol. .9:1067-1070 (1988); Butler et al., J. Neurosci. Vol. JLQ: 176-183 (1990)]. Furthermore, peripheral administration of CRF or the CRF antagonist, α-helical CRF 9-41, failed to affect these changes, thus supporting a direct brain action for CRF in such functions. CRF antagonists given peripherally attenuate stress- mediated increases in ACTH secretion, and when delivered into the cerebral ventricles can mitigate stress induced changes in autonomic activity and behavior. As a result of the extensive anatomical distribution and multiple biological actions of CRF, this regulatory peptide is believed to be involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes. The peptide has been implicated in the regulation of inflammatory responses. On the one hand, it has been observed that CRF plays a pro-inflammatory role in certain animal models, while in others CRF can suppress inflammation by reducing injury induced increases in vascular permeability. In order to more fully investigate the role of CRF within the endocrine, central nervous and immune systems, and the possible interactions of CRF with its cognate receptor, it would be desirable to have available a ready source of CRF receptor. Furthermore, the availability of recombinant receptor would allow the development of less expensive, more sensitive, and automated means for assaying CRF and CRF-li e compounds and developing CRF-based therapeutics. The quantity of CRF receptors in target tissues has been shown or predicted (from altered sensitivity•to CRF) to change in response to a variety of circumstances including Alzheimer's Disease, melancholic depression, anorexia nervosa, Cushing's Disease, alcoholism, and the like. Thus, the development of specific anti-CRF-R antibodies and molecular probes for CRF receptor(s) are desired for use in appropriate diagnostic assays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, there are provided new G-protein-coupled receptor proteins which have high binding affinity for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) , said proteins are referred to hereinafter as CRF-receptor(s) (CRF-Rs) . Invention receptor(s) are principal neuroregulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal cortical axis and play an important role in coordinating the endocrine, autonomic and behavioral responses to stress and immune challenge. CRF-Rs are functionally coupled to adenylate cyclase as it transduces the signal for CRF-stimulated intracellular cAMP accumulation. Invention CRF-Rs can be employed in a variety of ways, such as, for example, in bioassays, for production of antibodies thereto, in therapeutic compositions containing such proteins and/or antibodies, and the like. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, binding assays employing CRF-Rs are provided, useful for rapidly screening a large number of compounds to determine which compounds (e.g., agonists and antagonists) are capable of binding to the receptors of the invention. The invention binding assays may also be employed to identify new CRF-like like ligands (e.g., putative mammalian sauvagine or urotensin) . Test samples (e.g. , biological fluids) may also be subjected to invention binding assays to detect the presence or absence of CRF or C£F-like compounds. o; . In accordance with the present invention, recombinant DNA molecules encoding CRF-Rs are also provided. DNA molecules encoding CRF-Rs (or fragments thereof) are useful, for example, as probes for detecting the presence of CRF-R encoding nucleic acids in biological samples, the identification of additional CRF receptor proteins, as coding sequences which can be used for the recombinant expression of the invention receptor proteins (or functional fragments thereof) , and the like. Recombinant human CRF-Rs have been expressed in COS cells and bind to CRF and CRF analogs with high affinity. The recombinant production of CRF-Rs makes feasible their use in the foregoing manners. Fragments of CRF-R encoding nucleic acid can also be employed as primers for PCR amplification of CRF-R encoding DNA. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, anti-CRF-R antibodies are also provided. CRF-R and anti-CRF-R antibodies are useful for diagnostic assays to determine levels of CRF-Rs in various tissue samples, e.g., neoplastic tissues, and the like. Anti-CRF-R antibodies can also be used to purify CRF-R protein. Moreover, these antibodies are considered therapeutically useful to counteract or supplement the biological effect of CRF-Rs in vivo . Methods and diagnostic systems for determining the levels of CRF-R in various tissue samples, and levels of CRF-R peptide fragments and CRF in vascular fluid samples, are also provided. These diagnostic methods can be used, for example, for monitoring the level of therapeutically administered CRF-R (or fragments thereof) to facilitate the maintenance of therapeutically effective amounts. These diagnostic methods can also be used to diagnose physiological disorders that result from abnormal levels of CRF or CRF-R. CRF-Rs, fragments thereof that bind CRF, or analogs thereof, are capable of therapeutically modulating the effect of CRF. For example, CRF-R fragments can inhibit CRF binding to CRF-R and can inhibit CRF-induced ACTH release in vitro by pituitary cells. Thus, CRF-Rs can be administered therapeutically in mammals to reduce high ACTH levels caused by excess CRF. Such treatments can be used, for example, to treat Cushing's Disease, and the like. These CRF-Rs are also useful in combating pituitary tumors that produce CRF. Moreover, they can be used to reduce pituitary ACTH secretion and hence reduce cortisol levels under any condition in which they are abnormally high, such as, for example, during chronic stress, in patients afflicted with anorexia nervosa or alcoholism, and the like. CRF-Rs administered intravenously (IV) are effective to prevent CRF-induced ACTH release. Furthermore, it is contemplated that IV administration of CRF-Rs can raise blood pressure and, thus, combat hypotension. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure l illustrates the pharmacologic characteristics of plasmid hctCRFR ("human Cushing's Tumor Corticotropin-releasing factor-receptor"; encoding CRF receptor subtype hCRF-RA.,) , transiently expressed in COSM6 cells. Figure 1 presents the results of displacement of 1 5 I(Nle 2 ,Tyr 32 ) ovine CRF (oCRF) by r/hCRF, when oCRF is bound to membranes prepared from COSM6 cells transfected with hctCRF receptor (■) , or rGnRHR (D) , as described in Example 3. The data are from one representative experiment repeated at least four times. ,. -, Figure 2A illustrates the stimulation of intracellular cAMP in COSM6 cells. (transfected with plasmid hctCRF, which encodes CRF receptor . subtype CRF-RA.,) by exposure to CRF, hGRF(1-40)OH, VIP, and Salmon Calcitonin, as described in Example 4. Figure 2B illustrates the dose-response stimulation of cAMP in COSM6 cells (transfected with plasmid hctCRFR, which encodes CRF receptor subtype CRF-RA.,) by increasing concentrations of CRF in cells pretreated (■) or untreated (D) with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX (3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine) . Figure 2C illustrates the inhibition of CRF stimulated intracellular cAMP by the CRF antagonist α-helical (9-41) CRF. Each determination is taken from a representative experiment performed in triplicate, repeated at least twice. Cells were pretreated with IBMX. Rat/Human (r/h) CRF was added with (■) or without (D) 2 μM α-helical (9-41) . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a family of isolated mammalian G-protein- coupled CRF-R proteins characterized as having sufficient binding affinity for CRF and CRF-like ligands such that concentrations of < 10 nM of CRF or CRF-like ligands occupy > 50% of the binding sites of approximately 0.8 nM of said receptor protein (or approximately 10-20 p ol receptor/mg membrane protein) . Use of the phrase "isolated" in the present specification and claims as a modifier of DNA, RNA, polypeptides or proteins means that the DNA, RNA, polypeptides or proteins so designated have been produced in such form by the hand of man, and thus are separated from their native in vivo cellular environment. As a result of this human intervention, the recombinant, isolated and/or substantially pure DNAs, RNAs, polypeptides and proteins of the invention can be produced in large quantities and are useful in ways that the DNAs, RNAs, polypeptides or proteins as they naturally occur are not, such as identification of selective drugs or compounds. As used herein, "mammalian" refers to the variety of species from which the invention CRF-R protein is derived, e.g., human, rat, mouse, rabbit, monkey, baboon, chicken, bovine, porcine, ovine, canine, feline, and the like. Invention receptors can be derived from a variety of tissue sources, such as, for example, pituitary cells, placental cells, spleen cells, adrenal cells, hematopoietic cells, brain cells, gonadal cells, mesenchymal cells, kidney cells, and the like. As employed herein, the term "CRF-R" refers to a family of isolated and/or substantially pure receptor protein subtypes which participate in the G-protein-coupled response of cells to CRF and CRF-like ligands. Exemplary CRF peptides include r/h CRF and ovine CRF (see U.S. Patent No. 4,415,558), and the like. As employed herein, the phrase "CRF-like ligands" includes substances which have a substantial degree of homology (at least 20% homology) with the amino acid sequence of naturally occurring mammalian CRF, as well as alleles, fragments, homologs or derivatives thereof which have substantially the same biological activity as mammalian CRF. Suitable CRF-like ligands can be obtained from a variety of vertebrate species and include such compounds as suavagine (see, e.g., U.S. 4,605,642), urotensin (see, e.g., U.S. Patent Nos. 4,908,352; 4,533,654; and 4,525,189) the CRF analogs described in U.S. Patent Nos: 4,415,558; 4,489,163; 4,594,329; 4,605,642; 5,109,111, each " of which are incorporated herein by..reference, and the like. . Such receptor subtypes are typically characterized by having seven putative transmembrane domains, preceded by a large extracellular amino-terminal domain and followed by a large intracellular carboxy- terminal domain. Hydropathy analysis of exemplary invention CRF-Rs (described in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 4) indicates eight hydrophobic regions of approximately 20 amino acids, corresponding to a possible signal peptide at the N-terminus, plus seven putative transmembrane domains. After removal of the signal peptide, an exemplary invention receptor (as described, for example, in SEQ ID NO:2) has a molecular weight of approximately 40-45 kilodaltons. Exemplary CRF-R amino acid structures are set forth in SEQ ID NOs 2, 4, 6 and 8 of the Sequence Listing provided hereinafter. The CRF-R described in SEQ ID NO:2 contains five potential glycosylation sites at amino acid positions 38, 45, 78, 90 and 98 (and is referred to herein as CRF-RA.,) . Potential protein kinase C phosphorylation sites are located in the first and second intracellular loops and in the C-terminal tail at positions 146, 222, 386, and 408. Potential casein kinase II and protein kinase A phosphorylation sites are located at positions 301 and 302, respectively. The third intracellular loop of the invention CRF-R set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 contains an amino acid sequence similar to the G s activating region found in the third intracellular loop of the ? 2 -adrenergic receptor. The invention receptor described in SEQ ID NO:2 exhibits appropriate phar acologic specificity, i.e., having high affinity for human/rat CRF, ovine CRF, the CRF antagonist α helical (9-41) CRF, urotensins, and sauvagine, and very low affinity for the biologically impotent analog, [Ala 14]-oCRF. A series of non-related peptides are inactive, including ' such compounds as growth hormone releasing factor, salmon calcitonin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and gonadotropin releasing hormone, as shown in Figure 2C. Binding affinity (which can be expressed in terms of association constants, Ka, or dissociation constants, Kd) refers to the strength of interaction between ligand and receptor, and can be expressed in terms of the concentration of ligand necessary to occupy one-half (50%) of the binding sites of the receptor. A receptor having a high binding affinity for a given ligand will require the presence of very little ligand to become at least 50% bound (hence the Kd value will be a small number) ; conversely, receptor having a low binding affinity for a given ligand will require the presence of high levels of ligand to become 50% bound (hence the Kd value will be a large number) . Reference to receptor protein "having sufficient binding affinity such that concentrations of CRF less than or equal to 10 nM (i.e., < 10 nM) occupy > 50% (i.e., greater than or equal to one-half) of the binding sites of said receptor protein" means that ligand (i.e., CRF) concentration(s) of no greater than about 10 nM are required in order for the ligand to occupy at least 50% of the active sites of approximately 0.8 nM of said receptor (or approximately 10-20 pmol receptor/mg membrane protein) , with much lower ligand concentrations typically being required. Presently preferred receptors are those which have a binding affinity such that ligand concentration(s) in the range of only about l - 10 nM are required in order to occupy (or bind to) at least 50% of the receptor binding sites. Members of the invention family of receptors can be divided into various subclasses, based on the degree of similarity between specific members. For example, genomic sequences encoding CRF receptors of the same subclass typically have substantially similar restriction maps, while genomic sequences encoding CRF receptors of different subclasses typically have substantially different restriction maps. In addition, sequences encoding members of the same subclass of receptors will hybridize under high stringency conditions, whereas sequences encoding members of different subclasses will hybridize under low stringency hybridization conditions, but not under high stringency hybridization conditions. Thus, each member of a given subclass is related to other members of the same subclass by having a high degree of homology (e.g., >80% overall amino acid homology) between specific members; whereas members of a given subclass differ from members of a different subclass by having a lower degree of homology (e.g., about 30% up to 80% overall amino acid homology) between specific members of different subclasses. Based on the above criteria, the receptor species described herein can be designated as CRF-RA or CRF-RB subtypes. Thus, the receptor described in SEQ ID NO:2 is a CRF-RA subtype, and is referred to herein as hCRF-RA 1 (for human CRF-R, subtype A, variant 1) . The modified form of hCRF-RA 1 which contains the insert sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4 is referred to herein as hCRF-RA 2 . Similarly, the receptor described in SEQ ID NO: 6 is referred to herein as rCRF-RA (for rat CRF-R, subtype A) , and the receptor described in SEQ ID NO:8 is referred to herein as mCRF-RB (for mouse CRF-R, subtype B) . In one embodiment of the present invention, the CRF-R encoded by the clone referred to herein as "hctCRFR", (described hereinafter) has a high binding affinity for r/h CRF [K d =3.3±0.45 nM (n=4) ] ; ovine GRF [K d =8.3 nM (n=l) ] ; and for the antagonist α helCRF(9-41) [K d =1.0±0.10 nM (n=2) ] . This receptor has a low binding affinity for the biologically impotent analog, ' [Ala 14 ]-ovine CRF [K d >300 nM (n=2) ] . In another embodiment of the present invention, the CRF-R described in SEQ ID NO:2 has a binding affinity for r/h CRF of K d =3.8±0.20 nM, (n=l) . The affinity of ovine CRF for invention CRF-R is approximately 100 times greater than the affinity of ovine CRF for the human serum protein "CRF-BP" [CRF-Binding Protein; see Potter et al. Nature 349:423-426 (1991)]. Presently preferred receptor proteins of the invention have amino acid sequences that are substantially the same as the sequences set forth in Sequence ID Nos. 2, 4, 6 and 8, and amino acid sequences which are substantially the same as the amino acid sequences encoded by the CRF-RA.-encoding portion of clone hctCRFR, deposited with the ATCC under accession number 75474, as well as functional, modified forms thereof. Those of skill in the art recognize that numerous residues of the above-described sequences can be substituted with other, chemically, sterically and/or electronically similar residues without substantially altering the biological activity of the resulting receptor species. The htcCRFR clone was deposited June 2, 1993, at the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) , 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Maryland, U.S.A. 20852, under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of Deposits of Microorganisms for Purposes of Patent Procedure and the Regulations promulgated under this Treaty. Samples of the deposited material are and will be available to industrial property offices and other persons legally entitled to receive them under the terms of the Treaty and Regulations and otherwise in compliance with the patent laws and regulations of the United States of America and all other nations or international organizations in which this application, or an application claiming priority of this application, is filed or in which any patent granted on any such application is granted. In particular, upon issuance of a U.S. patent based on this or any application claiming priority to or incorporating this application by reference thereto, all restriction upon availability of the deposited material will be irrevocably removed. As employed herein, the term "substantially the same amino acid sequence" refers to amino acid sequences having at least about 70% identity with respect to the reference amino acid sequence, and retaining comparable functional and biological properties characteristic of the protein defined by the reference amino acid sequence. Preferably, proteins having "substantially the same amino acid sequence" will have at least about 80%, more preferably 90% amino acid identity with respect to the reference amino acid sequence; with greater than about 95% amino acid sequence identity being especially preferred. Recombinant CRF-R protein can be routinely obtained, employing the invention nucleic acids described hereinafter, having significantly higher purity than naturally occurring CRF-R (e.g., substantially free of other proteins present in crude extracts from mammalian cells) . Recombinant DNA techniques well-known in the art, for example, can be used to generate organisms or cell lines that produce heterologous CRF-R protein in significantly higher purities, relative to naturally occurring membrane protein. Subsequently, using appropriate isolation techniques, it is possible to routinely obtain CRF-R proteins which are at least about 70%, preferably 80%, more preferably 90%, and most preferred 98% pure (by weight of total proteins) , and which is herein referred to as substantially pure. In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, there is provided ^ a binding assay employing receptors of the invention; whereby a large number of compounds can be rapidly screened to determine which; compounds, if any, are capable of binding to the receptors of the invention. Subsequently, more detailed assays can be carried out with initially identified compounds, to further- determine whether such compounds act as agonists or antagonists of invention receptors. Another application of the binding assay of the invention is the assay of test samples (e.g., biological fluids) for the presence or absence of CRF. Thus, for example, serum from a patient displaying symptoms thought to be related to over- or under-production of CRF can be assayed to determine if the observed symptoms are indeed caused by over- or under-production of CRF (or CRF receptor) . The binding assays contemplated by the present invention can be carried out in a variety of ways, as can readily be identified by one of skill in the art. For example, competitive binding assays can be employed, as well as radioimmunoassays, ELISA, ERMA, and the like. In accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention, there are provided bioassays for evaluating whether test compounds are capable of acting as agonists or antagonists of receptor(s) of the present invention (or functional modified forms thereof) . Invention CRF-Rs are coupled by heterotrimeric G-proteins to various intracellular enzymes, ion channels, and transporters. The G-proteins associate with invention CRF-R proteins at the intracellular face of the plasma membrane. An agonist binding to CRF-R catalyzes the exchanges of GTP for GDP on the α-subunit (G-protein "activation") , resulting in its dissociation and stimulation of one (or more) of the various signal- transducing enzymes and channels. The different G-protein α-subunits preferentially stimulate particular effectors. The specificity of signal transduction may be determined, therefore, by the specificity of G-protein coupling. It has been found that invention CRF-R proteins mediate signal transduction through the modulation of adenylate cyclase. For example, when CRF binds to CRF-R, adenylate cyclase causes an elevation in the level of intracellular cAMP. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, the bioassay for evaluating whether test compounds are capable of acting as agonists or antagonists comprises: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses CRF receptor protein(s) or functional modified forms thereof, wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of at least one compound whose ability to modulate signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein is sought to be determined, and thereafter (b) monitoring said cells for either an increase or decrease in the level of intracellular cAMP. Methods well-known in the art that measure intracellular levels of cAMP, or measure cyclase activity, can be employed in binding assays described herein to identify agonists and antagonists of the CRF-R. For example, because activation of some G-protein-coupled receptors results in decreases or increases in cAMP, assays that measure intracellular cAMP levels (see, e.g., Example 4) can be used to evaluate recombinant CRF-Rs expressed in mammalian host cells. As used herein, "ability to modulate signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein" refers to a compound that has the ability to either induce or ~inhibit signal transduction activity of the CRF receptor protein. In another embodiment of the present invention, the bioassay for evaluating whether test compounds are capable of acting as agonists comprises: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses CRF receptor protein(s) or functional modified forms thereof, and DNA encoding a reporter protein, wherein said DNA is operatively linked to a CRF-R responsive transcription element; wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of at least one compound whose ability to induce signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein is sought to be determined, and thereafter (b) monitoring said cells for expression of said reporter protein. In another embodiment of the present invention, the bioassay for evaluating whether test compounds are capable of acting as antagonists for receptor(s) of the invention, or functional modified forms of said receptor(s), comprises: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses CRF receptor protein(s) , or functional modified forms thereof, and DNA encoding a reporter protein, wherein said DNA is operatively linked to a CRF-R responsive transcription element wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of: increasing concentrations of at least one compound whose ability to inhibit signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein(s) is sought to be determined, and a fixed concentration of at least one agonist for CRF receptor protein(s) , or functional modified forms thereof; and thereafter (b) monitoring in said cells the level of expression of said reporter protein as a function of the concentration of said compound, thereby indicating the ability of said compound to inhibit signal transduction activity. In step (a) of the above-described antagonist bioassay, culturing may also be carried out in the presence of: fixed concentrations of at least one compound whose ability to inhibit signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein(s) is sought to be determined, and an increasing concentration of at least one agonist for CRF receptor protein(s), or functional modified forms thereof. Host cells for functional recombinant expression of CRF-Rs preferably express endogenous or recombinant guanine' nucleotide-binding proteins (i.e., G-proteins). G-proteins are a highly conserved family of membrane- associated proteins composed of a , β and y subunits. The α subunit, which binds GDP and GTP, differs in different G-proteins. The attached pair of β and y subunits may or may not be unique; different α chains may be linked to an identical βy pair or to different pairs [Linder and Gilman, Sci. Am. 267:56-65 (1992)]. More than 30 different cDNAs encoding G protein α subunits have been cloned [Simon et al., Science 252:802 (1991)]. At least four different β polypeptide sequences are known [Simon et al., Science 252:802 (1991)]. G-proteins switch between active and inactive states by guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Inactive G protein is stimulated by a ligand- activated receptor to exchange GDP for GTP. In the active form, the α subunit, bound to GTP, dissociates from the βy complex, and the subunits then interact specifically with cellular effector molecules to evoke a cellular response. Because different G-proteins can interact with different effector systems (e.g., phospholipase C, adenyl cyclase systems) and different receptors, it is useful to investigate different host cells for expression of different recombinant CRF-R receptor subtypes. Alternatively, host cells can be transfected with G-protein subunit-encoding DNAs for heterologous expression of differing G proteins. Host cells contemplated for use in the bioassay(s) of the present invention include CV-1 cells, COS cells, and the like; reporter and expression plasmids employed typically also contain the origin of replication of SV-40; and the reporter and expression plasmids employed also typically contain a selectable marker. As used herein, a "CRF-R responsive transcription element" is any promoter region that is induced, e.g., by the well-known G-protein mediated signal transduction mechanism, to initiate transcription upon the binding of a CRF-R agonist, such as CRF. A preferred CRF-R responsive transcription element is a cAMP responsive transcription element. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) responsive transcription elements employed in the bioassay(ε) of the present invention are well-known to those of skill in the art. The cAMP response elements respond to increases in intracellular cAMP by initiating trascription of the DNA molecule (i.e., a reporter gene) operatively linked thereto. An exemplary cAMP response element suitable for use herein is the human DNA ?-Polymerase gene promoter (see Mamula et al., DNA and Cell Bio.. 11:61-70, 1992). Reporter proteins suitable for use herein are well known in the art. Host cells can be monitored for the level of expression of a reporter gene encoding a reporter protein in a variety of ways, such as, for example, by photometric means, e.g., by colorimetry (with a colored reporter product such as β-galactosidase) , by fluorescence (with a reporter product such as luciferase) , by enzyme activity, and the like. Compounds contemplated for screening in accordance with the invention bioassays include CRF or CRF-like ligands, as well as compounds which bear no particular structural or biological relatedness to CRF. Suitable compounds may be obtained from well-known sources, e.g., from peptide libraries, chemical libraries, bacterial and yeast broths, plants, and the like. Examples of compounds which bear no particular structural or biological relatedness to CRF, but which are contemplated for screening in accordance with the bioassays of the present invention, include any compound that is an antagonist (i.e., is capable of blocking the action of the invention receptor peptides), or an agonist (i.e., is capable of promoting the action of the invention receptor peptides) , such as, for example, alkaloids and other heterocyclic organic compounds, and the like. As employed herein, the term "non-CRF-like" proteins refers to any organic molecule having essentially no structural similarity with CRF (as defined broadly herein) . Also encompassed by the term CRF-R are the various subtypes thereof (e.g., CRF-RA (such as hCRF-RA 1 and hCRF-RA 2 ) , CRF-RB, and the like) , as well as polypeptide fragments or analogs thereof. Therefore, a CRF-R contemplated by the present invention can be subject to various changes, substitutions, insertions, and deletions, where such changes provide for certain advantages in its use. For example, a peptide fragment is capable of immunologically mimicking a CRF-R native antigenic epitope or is capable of exhibiting another biological property characteristic of CRF-R, such as, for example, binding to CRF or binding to G-protein(s) . Specific CRF-R residues or regions which are necessary for efficient signal transduction may interact with conserved G-protein motifs. In addition, certain short amino acid stretches of the CRF-R, which are necessary for G-protein coupling, also determine the specificity of the G-protein interactions. Thus, polypeptide fragments of the invention CRF-R are useful in assays or therapeutic methods in which controlled binding to various G-proteins is desired. The term "analog" includes any polypeptide having an amino acid residue sequence substantially identical to a sequence specifically shown herein in which one or more residues have been conservatively substituted with a functionally similar residue and which displays the ability to mimic CRF-R as described herein. Examples of conservative substitutions include the substitution of one non-polar (hydrophobic) residue such as isoleucine, valine, leucine or methionine for another, the substitution of one polar (hydrophilic) residue for another such as between arginine and lysine, between glutamine and asparagirie, between glycine and serine, the substitution of one basic residue such as lysine, arginine or histidine for another, or the substitution of one acidic residue, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid for another. The phrase "conservative substitution" also includes the use of a chemically derivatized residue in place of a non-derivatized residue, provided that such polypeptide displays the requisite binding activity. "Chemical derivative" refers to a subject polypeptide having one or more residues chemically derivatized by reaction of a functional side group. Such derivatized molecules include, for example, those molecules in which free amino groups have been derivatized to form amine hydrochlorides, p-toluene sulfonyl groups, carbobenzoxy groups, t-butyloxycarbonyl groups, chloroacetyl groups or formyl groups. Free carboxyl groups may be derivatized to form salts, methyl and ethyl esters or other types of esters or hydrazides. Free hydroxy1 groups may be derivatized to form O-acyl or O-alkyl derivatives. The i idazole nitrogen of histidine may be derivatized to form N-im-benzylhistidine. Also included as chemical derivatives are those peptides which contain one or more naturally occurring amino acid derivatives of the twenty standard amino acids. For examples: 4-hydroxyproline may be substituted for proline; 5-hydroxylysine may be substituted for lysine; 3-methylhistidine may be substituted for histidine; homoserine may be substituted for serine; and ornithine may be substituted for lysine. Polypeptides of the present invention also include any polypeptide having one or more additions and/or deletions of residues, relative to the sequence of a polypeptide whose sequence is shown herein, so long as the requisite activity is maintained. When additional residues have been added at either terminus for the purpose of providing a "linker" by which the polypeptides of the invention can be conveniently affixed to a label or solid matrix, or carrier, the linker residues do not form CRF-R epitopes, i.e., are not similar in structure to CRF-R. Labels, solid matrices, and carriers that can be used with the polypeptides of this invention are described hereinbelow. Amino acid residue linkers include at least one residue up to 40 or more residues (more often they comprise 1 to 10 residues) , but do not form CRF-R epitopes. Typical amino acid residues used for linking are tyrosine, cysteine, lysine, gluta ic acid and aspartic acid. In addition, a subject polypeptide can differ in sequence, unless otherwise specified, from the natural sequence of CRF-R by modification of the sequence by N-terminal acylation e.g. , acetylation or thioglycolic acid amidation, and by C-terminal amidation, e.g., with ammonia, methylamine, and the like. CRF-R polypeptides of the present invention are capable of inducing antibodies that immunoreact with CRF-R. In view of the well established principle of immunologic cross-reactivity, the present invention therefore contemplates antigenically related variants of the polypeptides. An "antigenically related variant" is a subject polypeptide that is capable of inducing antibody molecules that immunoreact with the CRF-R polypeptides described herein. CRF-R polypeptides of the present invention can be synthesized by any of the techniques that are known to those skilled in the polypeptide art, including recombinant DNA techniques. Synthetic chemistry techniques, such as solid-phase Merrifield-type synthesis, are preferred for producing polypeptide fragments for reasons of purity, antigenic specificity, freedom from undesired side products, ease of production, and the like. An excellent summary of the many techniques available can be found in J.M. Steward and J.D. Young, "Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis", W.H. Freeman Co., San Francisco, 1969; M. Bodansky, et al., "Peptide Synthesis", John Wiley & Sons, Second Edition, 1976 and J. Meienhofer, "Hormonal Proteins and Peptides", Vol. 2, p. 46, Academic Press (New York) , 1983 for solid phase peptide synthesis, and E. Schroder and K. Kubke, "The Peptides", Vol. 1, Academic Press (New York) , 1965 for classical solution synthesis, each of which is . incorporated herein by reference. Appropriate protective groups usable in such synthesis are described in the above texts and in J.F.W. McOmie, "Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry", Plenum Press, New York, 1973, which is incorporated herein by reference. See also U.S. Patent No. 5,055,396, incorporated herein by reference. CRF-R polypeptides can be used, inter alia , in diagnostic methods and systems according to the present invention to detect the level of CRF-R (or fragments thereof) present in a body sample, to detect the level of CRF in a body sample, or to prepare an inoculum as described herein for the preparation of antibodies that immunoreact with epitopes on CRF-R. CRF-R polypeptides can also be used to bind, detect and purify various intracellular G-proteins and CRF-like receptor agonist/antagonists, such as heterocyclic compounds, and the like. In addition, CRF-R polypeptides can be used in therapeutic methods described herein, e.g., to inhibit the CRF-induced ACTH release and decrease the level of ACTH in a patient. In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, there are provided antibodies generated against the above-described receptor proteins. Such antibodies can be employed for diagnostic applications, therapeutic applications, and the like. Preferably, for therapeutic applications, the antibodies employed will be monoclonal antibodies. The above-described antibodies can be prepared employing standard techniques, as are well known to those of skill in the art, using invention receptor proteins, or fragments thereof, as antigens for antibody production. Antibodies of the present invention are typically produced by immunizing a mammal with an inoculum containing a CRF-R protein or fragment thereof thereby inducing the production of antibody molecules having immunospecificity for the immunizing agent. For example, antibodies raised in rabbits against a synthetic peptide fragment of the invention protein recognize the synthetic peptide and the corresponding invention CRF-R on an equimolar basis, and preferably, are capable of inhibiting the activity of the native protein. Antibodies to CRF-R may be obtained, for example, by immunizing three month old male and female white New Zealand rabbits with a suitable synthetic peptide fragment to which Tyr has been added at the C-terminus in order to couple it, as an antigen, to BSA by a bisdiazotized benzidine (BDB) linkage by reaction for 2 hours at 4°C. The reaction mixture is dialyzed to remove low molecular weight material, and the retentate is frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -20°C. Animals are immunized with the equivalent of 1 mg of the peptide antigen according to the procedure of Benoit et al. P.N.A.S. USA. 79, 917-921 (1982) . At four week intervals, the animals are boosted by injections of 200 μg of the antigen and bled ten to fourteen days later. After the third boost, antiserum is examined for its capacity to bind radioiodinated antigen peptide prepared by the chloramine-T method and then purified by CMC-ion exchange column chromatography. The antibody molecules are then collected from the mammal and isolated to the extent desired by well known techniques such as, for example, by using DEAE Sephadex to obtain the IgG fraction. To enhance the specificity of the antibody, the antibodies may be purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using solid-phase immunizing polypeptide. The antibody is contacted with the solid-phase immunizing polypeptide for a period of time sufficient for the polypeptide to immunoreact with the antibody molecules to form a solid- phase immunocomplex. The bound antibodies are separated from the complex by standard techniques. Antibody so produced can be used, inter alia , in diagnostic methods and systems to detect the level of CRF-R present in a mammalian, preferably human, body sample, such as tissue or vascular fluid. The anti-CRF-R antibodies can also be used for immunoaffinity or affinity chromatography purification of CRF-R biological materials. In addition, an anti-CRF-R antibody according to the present invention can be used in mammalian therapeutic methods, preferably human, as a CRF-R agonist or antagonist, to neutralize or modulate the effect of CRF-R, increase the level of free CRF (e.g., CRF not bound by CRF-R) , increase CRF-induced ACTH release, increase the level of ACTH-induced glucocorticoids in a patient, and the like. The proteins of the invention, and the antibodies of the invention, can be administered to a subject employing standard methods, such as, for example, by intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intravenous, or subcutaneous injection, and the like. Implant and transdermal modes of administration are also appropriate. In addition, proteins of the invention can be delivered by transfection with viral or retroviral vectors that encode invention protein. One of skill in the art can readily determine dose forms, treatment regiments, etc, depending on the mode of administration employed. In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, there are provided isolated and purified nucleic acid molecules (e.g., DNA or RNA) which encode the above-described receptor proteins. The nucleic acid molecules described herein are useful for producing invention CRF-R proteins, when such nucleic acids are incorporated into a variety of protein expression systems known to those of skill in the art. In addition, such nucleic acid molecules (or fragments thereof) can be labeled with a readily detectable substituent and used as hybridization probes for assaying for the presence and/or amount of a CRF-R gene or mRNA transcript in a given sample. Such nucleic acid molecules (or fragments thereof) , when labeled with a readily detectable substituent, can also be used as hybridization probes for identifying additional CRF-R genes. The nucleic acid molecules described herein, and fragments thereof, are also useful as primers and/or templates in a PCR reaction for amplifying genes encoding the CRF-R protein described herein. In addition, the nucleic acid molecules described herein, and fragments thereof, are also useful as primers and/or templates in a PCR reaction for identifying genes encoding additional CRF-R proteins which are part of the family of receptor proteins described herein. The above-described receptor(s) can be encoded by numerous nucleic acid molecules, e.g., a nucleic acid molecule having a contiguous nucleotide sequence substantially the same as: nucleotides 82 - 1329 of Sequence ID No. 1, nucleotides 82 - 1329 of Sequence ID No. 1, further containing nucleotides 1-87 of SEQ ID No. 3 inserted between nucleotides 516-517 of SEQ ID No. 1, Sequence ID No. 5, . ^ .Sequence ID No. 7, the . CRF-RA.,-encoding portion of clone hctCRFR, deposited with the ATCC under accession ' number 75474, or variations thereof which encode the same amino acid sequences, but employ different codons for some of the amino acids, or splice variant cDNA sequences thereof. As employed herein, the phrase "nucleic acid" refers to ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) . DNA can be either complementary DNA (cDNA) or genomic DNA, e.g. a gene encoding a CRF-R. As employed herein, the phrases "contiguous nucleotide sequence substantially the same as" or "substantially the same nucleotide sequence" refers to DNA having sufficient homology to the reference polynucleotide, such that it will hybridize to the reference nucleotide under typical moderate stringency conditions. In one embodiment, nucleic acid molecules having substantially the same nucleotide sequence as • the reference nucleotide sequence encodes substantially the same amino acid sequence as that of either SEQ ID NOs:2, 4, 6 or 8. In another embodiment, DNA having "substantially the same nucleotide sequence" as the reference nucleotide sequence has at least 60% homology with respect to the reference nucleotide sequence. DNA having at least 70%, more preferably 80%, yet more preferably 90%, homology to the reference nucleotide sequence is preferred. Yet other DNAs which encode the above-described receptor are those having a contiguous nucleotide sequence substantially the same as set forth in Sequence ID Nos. 1, 3, 5, or 7, or the CRF-RA.,-encoding portion of clone hctCRFR, deposited with the ATCC under accession number 75474. "Gene(s)" (i.e., genomic DNA) encoding invention CRF-Rs typically contain at least two introns. Thus, alternatively spliced variant cDNA sequences encoding invention CRF-Rs are contemplated herein (e.g., CRF-RA 2 ) . For example, SEQ ID NO: 3 sets forth an 87 bp cDNA splice variant insert sequence that is inserted between nucleotide positions 516-517 of the CRF-RA- encoding cDNA set forth in SEQ ID NO:l (thereby producing CRF-RA 2 ) . As used herein, the phrases "splice variant" or "alternatively spliced", when used to describe a particular nucleotide sequence encoding an invention receptor, refers to a cDNA sequence that results from the well known eukaryotic RNA splicing process. The RNA splicing process involves the removal of introns and the joining of exons from eukaryotic primary RNA transcripts to create mature RNA molecules of the cytoplasm. Methods of isolating splice variant nucleotide sequences are well known in the art. For example, one of skill in the art can employ nucleotide probes derived from the CRF-R encoding cDNA of SEQ ID NOs 1 , 3, 5 or 7 to screen the Cushing's tumor cDNA library described in the Examples or other cDNA libraries derived from cells believed to express CRF-Rs, e.g., brain, pituitary, immune, gonadal, adrenal, placental, corticotropic, and the like. In a preferred embodiment, cDNA encoding CRF-Rs as disclosed herein have substantially the same nucleotide sequence as nucleotides 82-1329 of SEQ ID NO:l, as nucleotides 82-1329 of SEQ ID NO:l further containing nucleotides 1-87 of SEQ ID NO: 3 inserted between nucleotides 516-517 of SEQ ID NO:l, as SEQ ID NO:5, or as SEQ ID NO:7. The presently most preferred cDNA molecules encoding the CRF-Rs have the same nucleotide sequence as nucleotides 82-1329 of SEQ ID NO:l, as nucleotides 82-1329 of SEQ ID NO:l further containing nucleotides 1-87 of SEQ ID NO: 3 inserted between nucleotides 516-517 of SEQ ID NO:l, as SEQ ID NO: 5, .or as SEQ ID NO:7. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, isolated and purified nucleic acid encoding a CRF-R may be selected from: (a) DNA encoding the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:6 or SEQ ID NO:8; or DNA encoding the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 further comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4 inserted between amino acids 145-146 of SEQ ID NO:2, or (b) DNA that hybridizes to the DNA of (a) under moderately stringent conditions, wherein said DNA encodes biologically active CRF-R, or (c) DNA degenerate with respect to either (a) or (b) above, wherein said DNA encodes biologically active CRF-R. Hybridization refers to the binding of complementary strands of nucleic acid (i.e., sense:antisense strands or probe:target-DNA) to each other through hydrogen bonds, similar to the bonds that naturally occur in chromosal DNA. Stringency levels used to hybridize a given probe with target-DNA can be readily varied by those of skill in the art. As used herein, the phrase "moderately stringent" hybridization refers to conditions that permit target-DNA to bind a complementary nucleic acid that has about 60%, preferably about 75%, more preferably about 85%, homology to the target DNA; with greater than about 90% homology to target-DNA being especially preferred. Preferably, moderately stringent conditions are conditions equivalent to hybridization in 50% formamide, 5X Denhart's solution, 5X SSPE, 0.2% SDS at 42°C, followed by washing in 0.2X SSPE, 0.2% SDS, at 65°C. Denhart's solution and SSPE (see, e.g.-, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989) are well known to those of skill in the art as are other suitable hybridization buffers. The term "functional" or "biologically active", when used herein as a modifier of receptor protein(s) of the present invention, refers to a polypeptide that is able to produce one of the functional characteristics, e.g., antigenicity, exhibited by any of the CRF-Rs described herein. In another embodiment, biologically active means that binding of CRF-like ligands (such as CRF analogs, urotensin, suavagine, and the like) to said receptor protein(s) modifies the receptor interaction with G- proteins, which in turn affects the levels of intracellular second messengers, preferably cAMP, leading to a variety of physiological effects. Stated another way, "functional" means that a signal is transduced as a consequence of agonist activation of receptor protein(s) . As used herein, the term "degenerate" refers to codons that differ in at least one nucleotide from a reference nucleic acid, e.g., SEQ ID NO:l, but encode the same amino acids as the reference nucleic acid. For example, codons specified by the triplets "UCU", "UCC", "UCA", and "UCG" are degenerate with respect to each other since all four of these codons encode the amino acid serine. The invention nucleic acids can be produced by a variety of methods well-known in the art, e.g., the methods described in Examples 1 and 5, employing PCR amplification using oligonucleotide primers from various regions of SEQ ID NOs:l, 3, 5 and 1 , and the like. One method employed for isolating and cloning nucleic acids encoding the receptor(s) of the present invention involves expressing, in mammalian cells, a cDNA library prepared from any cell type thought to respond to CRF (e.g., pituitary cells, placental cells, fibroblast cells, and the like) in a suitable host cell, such as, for example, C0SM6 cells. The ability of the resulting mammalian cells to bind a labeled receptor ligand (i.e., a labeled CRF analog) is then determined. Finally, the desired cDNA insert(s) are recovered, based on the ability of a particular cDNA, when expressed in mammalian cells, to induce (or enhance) the binding of labeled receptor ligand to said cell. Alternatively, DNA libraries may be screened employing an immunological expression assay with an antibody raised against the protein of interest. Screening of the expression library with antibodies raised against the protein of interest may also be used, alone or in conjunction with hybridization probing, to identify or confirm the presence of the sought-after DNA sequences in DNA library clones. Such techniques are taught, for example, in Maniatis et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, New York (1982) , (hereinafter CSH) . In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, optionally labeled receptor-encoding cDNAs, or fragments thereof, can be employed to probe library(ies) (e.g., cDNA, genomic, and the like) for additional nucleotide sequences encoding novel mammalian members of the CRF receptor family. Such screening is initially carried out under low-stringency conditions, which comprise a temperature of less than about 42.5°C, a formamide concentration of less than about 50%, and a moderate to low salt concentration. Presently preferred screening conditions comprise a temperature of about 42.5°C, a formamide concentration of about 20%, and a salt concentration of about 5X standard s_aline citrate (SSC; 20X SSC -contains 3M sodium chloride, 0.3M sodium citrate, pH 7.5). Such conditions will allow the identification of sequences which have a substantial degree of similarity with the probe sequence, without requiring perfect homology for the identification of a stable hybrid. The phrase "substantial similarity" refers to sequences which share at least 50% homology. Preferably, hybridization conditions will be selected which allow the identification of sequences having at least 70% homology with the probe, while discriminating against sequences which have a lower degree of homology with the probe. As used herein, a nucleic acid "probe" is single- stranded DNA or RNA, or analogs thereof, that has a sequence of nucleotides that includes at least 14, preferably at least 20, more preferably at least 50, contiguous bases that are the same as (or the complement of) any 14 or more contiguous bases set forth in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5 or 7, or the CRF-RA.,-encoding portion of clone hctCRFR. Preferred regions from which to construct probes include 5' and/or 3' coding sequences, sequences predicted to encode transmembrane domains, sequences predicted to encode cytoplasmic loops, signal sequences, ligand binding sites, and the like. The entire cDNA molecule encoding an invention CRF-R may also be employed as a probe. Probes may be labeled by methods well-known in the art, as described hereinafter, and used in various diagnostic kits. In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for the recombinant production of invention receptor(s) by expressing the above-described nucleic acid sequences in suitable host cells. The above-described nucleotide sequences can be incorporated into vectors for further manipulation. As used herein, vector (or plasmid) refers to discrete elements that are used to introduce heterologous DNA (e.g., SEQ ID NOs:l, 3, 5 or 7) into cells for either expression or replication thereof. Selection and use of such vehicles are well within the skill of the artisan. .. An expression vector includes elements capable of expressing DNAs that are operatively linked with regulatory sequences (such as promoter regions) that are capable of regulating expression of such DNA fragments. Thus, an expression vector refers to a recombinant DNA or RNA construct, such as a plasmid, a phage, recombinant virus or other vector that, upon introduction into an appropriate host cell, results in expression of the cloned DNA. Appropriate expression vectors are well known to those of skill in the art and include those that are replicable in eukaryotic cells and/or prokaryotic cells and those that remain episomal or those which integrate into the host cell genome. Presently preferred plasmids for expression of invention CRF-Rs in eukaryotic host cells, particularly mammalian cells, include cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter- containing vectors, SV40 promoter-containing vectors, MMTV LTR promoter-containing vectors, and the like. As used herein, a promoter region refers to a segment of DNA that controls transcription of DNA to which it is operatively linked. The promoter region includes specific sequences that are sufficient for RNA polymerase recognition, binding and transcription initiation. This portion of the promoter region is referred to as the promoter. In addition, the promoter region includes sequences that modulate this recognition, binding and transcription initiation activity of RNA polymerase. These sequences may be cis acting or may be responsive to trans acting factors. Promoters, depending upon the nature of the regulation, may be constitutive or regulated. Exemplary promoters contemplated for use in the practice of the present invention include the SV40 early promoter, the cytαmegalovirus (CMV) promoter, the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) steroid-inducible promoter, Moloney murine leukemia virus (-MMLV) promoter, and the like. As used herein, the term "operatively linked" refers to the functional relationship • of DNA with regulatory and effector sequences of nucleotides, such as promoters, enhancers, transcriptional and translational stop sites, and other signal sequences. For example, operative linkage of DNA to a promoter refers to the physical and functional relationship between the DNA and the promoter such that the transcription of such DNA is initiated from the promoter by an RNA polymerase that specifically recognizes, binds to and transcribes the DNA. In order to optimize expression and/or in vitro transcription, it may be necessary to remove, add or alter 5' untranslated portions of the clones to eliminate extra, potentially inappropriate alternative translation initiation (i.e., start) codons or other sequences that may interfere with or reduce expression, either at the level of transcription or translation. Alternatively, consensus ribosome binding sites (see, for example, Kozak (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 2_66_: 19867-19870) can be inserted immediately 5' of the start codon and may enhance expression. The desirability of (or need for) such modification may be empirically determined. As used herein, expression refers to the process by which polynucleic acids are transcribed into mRNA and translated into peptides, polypeptides, or proteins. If the polynucleic acid is derived from genomic DNA, expression may, if an appropriate eukaryotic host cell or organism is selected, include splicing of the mRNA. Prokaryotic transformation vectors are well-known in the art and include pBlueskript and phage Lambda ZAP vectors (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) , and the like. Other suitable vectors for transformation of E . coli cells include the pET expression vectors (Novagen, see U.S patent 4,952,496), e.g., pETlla, which contains the T7 promoter, T7 terminator, the inducible E . coli lac operator, and the lac repressor gene; and pET i2a-c, which contain the T7 promoter, T7 terminator, and the E .- coli ompT secretion signal. Another suitable vector is the pIN-IIIompA2 (see Duffaud et al., Meth. in Enzv ology, 153:492-507, 1987), which contains the lpp promoter, the lacUV5 promoter operator, the ompA secretion signal, and the lac repressor gene. Particularly preferred base vectors for transfection of mammalian cells are cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-based vectors such as pcDNAl (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA) , MMTV promoter-based vectors such as pMAMNeo (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) and pMSG (Catalog No. 27-4506-01 from Pharmacia, Piscataway, NJ) , and SV40 promoter-based vectors such as pSV? (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) , and the like. The use of a wide variety of organisms has been described for the recombinant production of proteins or biologically active fragments thereof. One of skill in the art can readily determine suitable hosts (and expression conditions) for use in the recombinant production of the peptides of the present invention. Yeast hosts, bacterial hosts, mammalian hosts, and the like can be employed. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, there are provided "recombinant cells" containing the nucleic acid molecules (i.e., DNA or mRNA) of the present invention (e.g., SEQ ID NOs:l, 3, 5 or 7) . Methods of transforming suitable host cells, as well as methods applicable for culturing said cells containing a gene encoding a heterologous protein, are generally known in the art. See, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (2 ed.), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA (1989). Exemplary methods of transformation include, e.g., transformation employing plasmids, : | viral, or bacterial phage vectors, transfection, electroporation, lipofection, and the like. The heterologous nucleic acid can optionally include sequences which allow for its extrachromosomal maintenance, or said heterologous nucleic acid can be caused to integrate into the genome of the host (as an alternative means to ensure stable maintenance in the host) . Host organisms contemplated for use in the practice of the present invention include those organisms in which recombinant production of heterologous proteins has been carried out. Examples of such host organisms include bacteria (e.g., E. coli ) , yeast (e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Candida tropicalis , Hansen la poly orpha and P. pastor is ; see, e.g., U.S. Patent Nos. 4,882,279, 4,837,148, 4,929,555 and 4,855,231), mammalian cells (e.g., HEK293, CHO, CV-1, and Ltk " cells), insect cells, and the like. The present invention also provides a diagnostic system, preferably in kit form, for assaying for the presence of CRF-R protein, CRF-R polypeptide fragments or analogs, or CRF peptide in a fluid or tissue sample. A suitable diagnostic system includes, in an amount sufficient for at least one assay, a CRF-R protein (or polypeptide fragment thereof) and/or a subject antibody as a separately packaged immunochemical reagent. Instructions for use of the packaged reagent are also typically included. "Instructions for use" typically include a tangible expression describing the reagent concentration or at Least one assay method parameter -such as the relative amounts of reagent and sample to be admixed, maintenance time periods for reagent/sample admixtures, temperature, buffer conditions and the like. - In one embodiment, a diagnostic system for assaying for the presence or quantity of CRF-R in a vascular fluid sample, such as blood, plasma, or serum, or in a tissue sample, comprises a package containing at least one CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragment thereof of this invention. In addition, a diagnostic system containing at least one CRF-R (or polypeptide fragment thereof) can be used to detect the level of CRF peptide present in a vascular fluid sample or to detect the presence of an intracellular G-protein. In another embodiment, a diagnostic system of the present invention for assaying for the presence or amount of CRF-R or fragment or analog thereof in a sample includes an anti-CRF-R antibody composition of this invention. In yet another embodiment, a diagnostic system of the present invention for assaying for the presence or amount of CRF-R or a CRF-R polypeptide in a sample contains at least one CRF-R (or polypeptide fragment thereof) and an anti-CRF-R antibody composition of this invention. In preferred embodiments, a diagnostic system of the present invention further includes a label or indicating means capable of signaling the formation of a complex containing a nucleic acid probe, protein, polypeptide, or antibody molecule of the present invention. Also contemplated are immunohistochemistry diagnostic systems for carrying out post-mortem diagnosis of mammalian tissue samples for the presence of CRF-R, which employ the anti-CRF-R antibodies described herein. For .details on such diagnostic systems see, for example, Potter et al., PNAS, 89:4192-4296 (1992), incorporated herein by reference. The word "complex" as used herein refers to the product of a specific -binding reaction such as an antibody:antigen, receptor:ligand, protein:protein, or nucleic-acid-probe:nucleic-acid-target reaction. Exemplary complexes are immunoreaction products and CRF:CRF-R complexes. As used herein, the terms "label" and "indicating means" in their various grammatical forms refer to single atoms and molecules that are either directly or indirectly involved in the production of a detectable signal. Any label or indicating means can be linked to or incorporated in a nucleic acid probe, an expressed protein, polypeptide fragment, or antibody molecule that is part of an antibody or monoclonal antibody composition of the present invention, or used separately. These atoms or molecules can be used alone or in conjunction with additional reagents. Such labels are themselves well-known in clinical diagnostic chemistry. The labeling means can be a fluorescent labeling agent that chemically binds to antibodies or antigens without denaturation to form a fluorochrome (dye) that is a useful immunofluorescent tracer. Suitable fluorescent labeling agents are fluorochromes such as fluorescein isocyanate (FIC) , fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) , 5-dimethylamine-l-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride (DANSC) , tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) , lissamine, rhodamine 8200 sulphonyl chloride (RB-200-SC) , and the like. A description of immunofluorescence analytic techniques is found in DeLuca, "Immunofluorescence Analysis", in Antibody As a Tool. Marchalonis et al., eds., John. Wiley & Sons, Ltd., pp. 189-231 (1982), which is incorporated herein by reference. In preferred embodiments, the indicating group is an enzyme, such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) , glucose oxidase, and the like. In such cases where the principal indicating group is an enzyme, additional reagents are required for the production of a visible signal. Such additional reagents for HRP include hydrogen peroxide and an oxidation dye precursor such as diaminobenzidine. An additional reagent useful with glucose oxidase is 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-G-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) . In another embodiment, radioactive elements are employed as labeling agents. An exemplary radiolabeling agent is a radioactive element that produces gamma ray emissions. Elements which emit gamma rays, such as 124I, 125 τ I, 126I τ , 131 τ I and , 51C-r, represent . one cl ,ass of _ rad ,i .oact .i .ve element indicating groups. Particularly preferred is 125I. Another group of useful labeling means are those elements 11 1R 1 1^ such as C, F, O and N which emit positrons. The positrons so emitted produce gamma rays upon encounters with electrons present in the animal's body. Also useful is a beta emitter, such as P, indium or H. The linking of a label to a substrate, i.e., labeling of nucleic acid probes, antibodies, polypeptides, and proteins, is well known in the art. For instance, antibody molecules can be labeled by metabolic incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids provided in the culture medium. See, for example, Galfre et al., Meth. Enzymol.. 73:3-46 (1981). Conventional means of protein conjugation or coupling by activated functional groups are particularly applicable. See, for example, Aurameas et al., Scand. J. Immunol.. Vol. 8, Suppl. 7:7-23 (1978), Rodwell et al., Biotech. , 3:889-894 (1984) , and U.S. Patent No. 4,493,795. The diagnostic systems can also include, preferably as a separate package, a specific binding agent. A "specific binding agent" is a molecular entity capable of selectively binding a reagent species of the present invention or a complex containing such a species, but is not itself a polypeptide or antibody molecule composition of the present invention. Exemplary specific binding agents are second antibody molecules (e.g., anti-Ig antibodies) , complement proteins or fragments thereof, S. aureus protein A, and the like. Preferably the specific binding agent binds the reagent species when that species is present as part of a complex. In preferred embodiments, the specific binding agent is labeled. However, when the diagnostic system includes a specific binding agent that is not labeled, the agent is typically used as an amplifying means or reagent. In these embodiments, the labeled specific binding agent is capable of specifically binding the amplifying means when the amplifying means is bound to a reagent species- containing complex. The diagnostic kits can be used in an "ELISA" format to detect the quantity of CRF, CRF-R, or CRF:CRF-R complex in a vascular fluid sample such as blood, serum, or plasma or in a mammalian tissue sample. "ELISA" refers to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that employs an antibody or antigen bound to a solid phase and an enzyme-antigen or enzyme-antibody conjugate to detect and quantify the amount of an antigen present in a sample. A description of the ELISA technique is found in Chapter 22 of the 4th Edition of Basic and Clinical Immunology by D.P. Sites et al., published by Lange Medical Publications of Los Altos, CA in 1982 and in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,654,090, No. 3,850,752; and No. 4,016,043, which are all incorporated herein by reference. Thus, in preferred embodiments, CRF-R protein, a CRF-R polypeptide fragment thereof, a polyclonal anti-CRF-R antibody, or a monoclonal anti-CRF-R antibody is affixed to a solid matrix to form a solid support that comprises a package in the subject diagnostic systems. A reagent is typically affixed to a solid matrix by adsorption from aqueous medium, although other modes of affixation applicable to proteins and polypeptides well known to those skilled in the art can be used. Useful solid matrices are also well known in the art. Such materials are water insoluble and include cross-linked dextran (available from Pharmacia Fine Chemicals; Piscataway, NJ) ; agarose; beads of polystyrene about 1 micron to about 5 millimeters in diameter (available from Abbott Laboratories; North Chicago, IL) ; polyvinyl chloride; polystyrene; cross-linked polyacrylamide; nitrocellulose- or nylon-based webs such as sheets, strips or paddles; or tubes, plates or the wells of a microtiter plate such as those made from polystyrene or polyvinylchloride. The reagent species, labeled specific binding agent or amplifying reagent of any diagnostic system described herein can be provided in solution, as a liquid dispersion or as a substantially dry power, e.g., in lyophilized form. Where the indicating means is an enzyme, the enzyme's substrate can also be provided in a separate package of a system. A solid support such as the before-described microtiter plate and one or more buffers can also be included as separately packaged elements in this diagnostic assay system. The packaging materials contemplated herein in relation to. diagnostic systems are those customarily utilized in diagnostic systems. The term "package" refers to a. solid matrix or material such as glass, plastic (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene and polycarbonate) , paper, foil, and the like, capable of holding within fixed limits a diagnostic reagent such as a protein, polypeptide fragment, antibody or monoclonal antibody of the present invention. Thus, for example, a package can be a bottle, vial, plastic or plastic-foil laminated envelope container, or the like, used to contain a diagnostic reagent. Alternatively, the container used can be a microtiter plate well to which microgram quantities of a diagnostic reagent have been operatively affixed, i.e., linked so as to be capable of being immunologically bound by an antibody or polypeptide to be detected. In normal individuals, the levels of CRF can vary from about 1 to 28 picograms per milliliter of vascular fluid. However, during the last trimester of pregnancy, it has been found that there is a tendency for CRF levels to prematurely increase. It is believed that this increase is associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Monitoring the change in the level of CRF could facilitate the prediction of the possibility of premature labor, which can be avoided by appropriate treatment. Thus, by monitoring the level of CRF, an abnormal increase indicative of a potential pathological problem in pregnancy can be detected at an early stage. Because normal hypertension is now believed to be either caused (or accompanied by) a higher CRF/"CRF-binding protein" ratio than normal, monitoring the level of CRF facilitates the prediction of particular patients who are predisposed to such diseases, and permits therapeutic intervention—as for example by administering dosages of CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragments thereof. By the administration of CRF-.R or fragments thereof to treat such pregnancy related disorders, CRF levels can be returned to normal, thus facilitating the normal growth of the fetus. The present invention contemplates various immunoassay methods for determining the amount of CRF-R in a biological fluid or tissue sample using a CRF-R, a polypeptide fragment thereof, an anti-CRF-R polyclonal or monoclonal antibody of this invention as an immunochemical reagent to form an immunoreaction product whose amount relates, either directly or indirectly, to the amount of CRF-R in the sample. Also contemplated are immunoassay methods for determining the amount of CRF peptide in a biological fluid sample using a CRF-R or a polypeptide fragment thereof as a reagent to form a product whose amount relates, either directly or indirectly, to the amount of CRF in the sample. Various well-known heterogenous and homogenous protocols, either competitive or noncompetitive, solution- phase or solid-phase, can be employed in performing assay methods of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that there are numerous well known clinical diagnostic chemistry procedures in which an immunochemical reagent of this invention can be used to form an immunoreaction product whose amount relates to the amount of CRF-R or CRF present in a body sample. In one embodiment, the detection of CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragments in a body sample is utilized as a means to monitor the fate of therapeutically administered CRF-R or polypeptide fragments according to the therapeutic methods disclosed herein. Also contemplated are immunological assays capable of detecting the formation of immunoreaction product formation without the use of a label. Such methods employ a "detection means", which means are themselves well-known in clinical _ diagnostic chemistry. - Exemplary detection means include biosensing methods based on detecting changes in the reflectivity of a surface, changes in the absorption of an evanescent wave by optical fibers, changes in the propagation of surface acoustical waves, and the like. The present invention contemplates therapeutic compositions useful for practicing the therapeutic methods described herein. Therapeutic compositions of the present invention contain a physiologically compatible carrier together with a CRF-R protein, CRF-R polypeptide fragment, or anti-CRF-R antibody, as described herein, dissolved or dispersed therein as an active ingredient. In a preferred embodiment, the therapeutic composition is not immunogenic when administered to a mammal or human patient for therapeutic purposes. As used herein, the terms "pharmaceutically acceptable", "physiologically compatible" and grammatical variations thereof, as they refer to compositions, carriers, diluents and reagents, are used interchangeably and represent that the materials are capable of administration to a mammal without the production of undesirable physiological effects such as nausea, dizziness, gastric upset, and the like. The preparation of a pharmacological composition that contains active ingredients dissolved or dispersed therein is well known in the art. Typically such compositions are prepared as injectables either as liquid solutions or suspensions; however, solid forms suitable for solution, or suspension, in liquid prior to use can also be prepared. The preparation can also be emulsified. The active ingredient can be mixed with excipients which are pharmaceutically acceptable and compatible with the active ingredient in amounts suitable for use in the therapeutic methods described herein. Suitable excipients are, for example, water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, or the like, as well as combinations of any two or more thereof. In addition, if desired, the composition can contain minor amounts of auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents, and the like, which enhance the effectiveness of the active ingredient. The therapeutic composition of the present invention can include pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the components therein. Pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic salts include the acid addition salts (formed with the free amino groups of the polypeptide) that are formed with inorganic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, thiocyanic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, anthranilic acid, cinnamic acid, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sulfanilic acid, and the like. Salts formed with the free carboxyl groups can also be derived from inorganic bases such as, for example, sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and the like; and organic bases such as mono-, di-, and tri-alkyl and -aryl amines (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropyl amine, methyl amine, dimethyl amine, and the like) and optionally substituted ethanolamines (e.g., ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and the like) . Physiologically tolerable carriers are well known in the art. Exemplary liquid carriers are sterile aqueous solutions that contain no materials in addition to the active ingredients and water, or contain a buffer such as sodium phosphate at physiological pH, physiological«saline or both, such as phosphate-buffered saline. Still further, aqueous carriers can contain more than one buffer salt, as well as salts such as sodium and potassium -.chlorides, dextrose, polyethylene glycol and other solutes. Liquid compositions can also contain liquid phases in addition to and to the exclusion of water. Exemplary additional liquid phases include glycerin, vegetable oils such as cottonseed oil, and water-oil emulsions. As previously indicated, administration of the CRF-Rs or polypeptide fragments thereof is effective to reduce vascular fluid CRF levels or high ACTH levels in mammals caused by excessive CRF, which is referred to herein as "CRF-induced ACTH release." In this manner, the CRF-Rs are useful in treating high cortisol (i.e., glucocorticoids) levels which are associated with hypercortisolemia, Cushing's Disease, alcoholism, anorexia nervosa and similar diseases. Likewise, these CRF-Rs are considered to have utility in combatting pituitary tumors that produce CRF—particularly in maintaining stability in a patient until such a tumor can be surgically removed. The CRF-R proteins and fragments thereof are also useful to treat abnormalities, such as, for example, preeclampsia (toxemia of pregnancy) , which occur during pregnancy; for example, they can be used to reduce pregnancy-induced complications and increased CRF levels which can otherwise result in excessive release of ACTH. In addition, CRF-R proteins or fragments thereof can be administered to sequester CRF from vascular fluid, thereby reducing the ratio of CRF/"CRF-binding protein" present in a patient, wherein it is beneficial to reduce the levels of free CRF (i.e., CRF not bound to CRF-BP) in the vascular fluid sample. CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP) is an extracellular serum protein described in Potter et al., supra. The IV administration of CRF-Rs may also be employed in certain instances to modulate blood pressure and thereby combat hypotension. Since CRF is a known modulator of the immune system, it is contemplated that the administration of CRF-R protein or fragments thereof may be useful to locally treat, i.e., by direct injection into the affected joint, arthritis and other similar ailments. CRF is known to have a number of biological effects on the pituitary, and accordingly, the CRF-R proteins can be used to modulate the action of CRF on the pituitary. Furthermore, it is well known that CRF has a number of biological effects in the brain; therefore, it is contemplated that the CRF-R proteins can be effectively used to modulate the action of CRF on the brain, particularly with respect to control of appetite, reproduction, growth, anxiety, depression, fever and metabolism, as well as the regulation of blood pressure, heart rate, blood flow, and the like. Thus, the present invention provides for a method for modulating the action of CRF in mammals comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a physiologically acceptable composition containing CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragment of the present invention. In addition, the stimulation of ACTH release by CRF can be enhanced by transfecting the subject with a tissue specific CRF-encoding construct. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for treating a pregnancy-related pathological disorder in mammals comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a physiologically acceptable composition containing a CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragment of the present invention, said amount being effective to sequester CRF, thereby producing a CRF/ CRF-binding protein" ratio within the normal range for a pregnant female. Also, as earlier indicated, the administration of anti-CRF-R antibodies described herein is effective to modulate the biological effect of CRF-Rs when administered in vivo . For example, an anti-CRF-R antibody of this invention can be used in the above-described mammalian therapeutic methods to: neutralize or counteract the effect of CRF-R, increase the level of free CRF (e.g., CRF not bound by CRF-R) , decrease CRF-induced ACTH release, or decrease the level of ACTH-induced glucocorticoids in a subject. Because increasing the level of free CRF increases the level of CRF-induced ACTH release, which increases glucocorticoid production, these therapeutic methods are useful for treating certain physiological conditions where increasing the level of glucocorticoids in a patient's vascular fluid is therapeutically effective, such as conditions of inflammation or Addison's Disease, and the like. Administration of antibodies for this purpose would be carried out along the lines and in amounts generally known in this art, and more particularly along the lines indicated herein with respect to administration of the protein itself. As described herein, a therapeutically effective amount is a predetermined amount calculated to achieve the desired effect, e.g. , to decrease the amount of CRF, ACTH, or decrease the CRF/"CRF-binding protein" ratio in a patient. The required dosage will vary with the particular treatment and with the duration of desired treatment; however, it is anticipated that dosages between about 10 micrograms and about 1 milligram per kilogram of body weight per day will be used for therapeutic treatment. It may . be particularly advantageous to administer such compounds in depot or long-lasting form as discussed hereinafter. A therapeutically effective amount is typically an amount of a CRF-R*- protein or polypeptide fragment thereof that, when administered in a physiologically acceptable composition, is sufficient to achieve a plasma concentration of from about 0.1 μg/ml to about 100 μg/ml, preferably from about 1.0 μg/ml to about 50 μg/ml, more preferably at least about 2 μg/ml and usually 5 to 10 μg/ml. Antibodies are administered in proportionately appropriate amounts in accordance with known practices in this art. The level of ACTH present in a patient, particularly in the plasma, can be readily determined by routine clinical analysis. In addition, changes in ACTH levels can be monitored during a treatment regimen to determine the effectiveness of the administered CRF-R protein or polypeptide fragment over time. Thus, the present therapeutic method provides an in vivo means for decreasing ACTH levels in a subject displaying symptoms of elevated serum ACTH, or is otherwise at medical risk by the presence of serum ACTH, wherein it is beneficial to reduce the levels of ACTH. In addition, the present therapeutic method provides an in vivo means for decreasing ACTH-induced cortisol levels (e.g., glucocorticoids) in a human patient displaying symptoms of elevated serum cortisol. Likewise, the level of CRF present in a patient, particularly in the plasma, can be readily determined by the diagnostic methods and kits provided herein and readily manipulated by administering CRF-R, analogs thereof, or anti-CRF-R antibodies. Thus, the present therapeutic method provides an in vivo means for decreasing the CRF/CRF-BP ratio in a subject displaying symptoms of elevated serum CRF/CRF-BP levels, or is otherwise at medical risk by the presence of an elevated serum CRF/CRF-BP ratio, wherein it is beneficial to reduce the levels of free CRF (i.e., CRF not bound to CRF-BP) in the vascular fluid sample. CRF-R protein(s) (or functional fragments thereof) should be administered under the guidance of a physician. Pharmaceutical compositions will usually contain the protein in conjunction with a conventional, pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier. For treatment, substantially pure synthetic CRF-R or a nontoxic salt thereof, combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to form a pharmaceutical composition, is preferably administered parenterally to mammals, including humans, either intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, percutaneously, e.g. intranasally, or intracerebroventricu- larly; oral administration is possible with an appropriate carrier. Therapeutic compositions containing CRF-R polypeptide(s) of this invention are preferably administered intravenously, as by injection of a unit dose, for example. The term "unit dose," when used in reference to a therapeutic composition of the present invention, refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosage for the subject, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required diluent, i.e., carrier, or vehicle. Compositions are administered in a manner compatible with the dosage formulation, and in a therapeutically effective amount. The quantity to be administered depends on the subject to be treated, capacity of the subject's immune system to utilize the active ingredient, and degree of therapeutic effect desired. Precise amounts of active ingredient required to be administered depend on the judgment of the practitioner and are peculiar to each individual. However, suitable dosage ranges for systemic application are disclosed herein and depend on the route of administration. Suitable regimes for initial administration and booster shots are also variable, but are typified by an initial administration followed by repeated doses at one or more intervals by a subsequent injection or other administration. Alternatively, continuous intravenous infusion sufficient to maintain concentrations in the blood in the ranges specified for in vivo therapies are contemplated. As an aid to the administration of effective amounts of a CRF-R polypeptide, a diagnostic method of this invention for detecting a CRF-R polypeptide in the subject's blood is useful to characterize the fate of the administered therapeutic composition. It may also be desirable to deliver CRF-R over prolonged periods of time, for example, for periods of one week to one year from a single administration, and slow release, depot or implant dosage forms may be utilized. For example, a dosage form may contain a pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salt of the compound which has a low degree of solubility in body fluids, for example, an acid addition salt with the polybasic acid; a salt with a polyvalent metal cation; or combination of the two salts. A relatively insoluble salt may also be formulated in a gel, for example, an aluminum stearate gel. A suitable slow release depot formulation for injection may also contain CRF-R or a salt thereof dispersed or encapsulated in a slow degrading, non-toxic or non-antigenic polymer such as a polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid polymer, for example, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,773,919. These compounds may also be formulated into silastic implants. As additional examples of the utility of invention compositions, nucleic acids, receptors and/or antibodies of the invention can be used in such areas as the diagnosis and/or treatment of CRF-dependent tumors, enhancing the survival of brain neurons, inducing abortion in livestock and other domesticated animals, inducing twinning in livestock and other domesticated animals, and so on. The invention will now be described in greater detail by reference to the following non-limiting examples. EXAMPLES Unless otherwise stated, the present invention was performed using standard procedures, as described, for example in Maniatis et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA (1982); Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual ( 2 ed.) . Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA (1989); Davis et al., Basic Methods in Molecular Biology, Elsevier Science Publishing, Inc., New York, USA (1986); or Methods in Enzvmology: Guide to Molecular Cloning Techniques Vol.152, S. L. Berger and A. R. Kimmerl Eds., Academic Press Inc. , San Diego, USA (1987) . Double-stranded DNA was sequenced by the dideoxy chain termination method using the Sequenase reagents from US Biochemicals. Comparison of DNA sequences to databases was performed using the FASTA program [Pearson and Lipman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA J3j5: 2444-2448 (1988)]. Tyr- ovine CRF used for iodination was purchased from Peninsula. Example 1 Isolation of cDNA encoding a human CRF-R A cDNA library of approximately 1.5x10 independent clones from human pituitary corticotrope adenoma (Cushing's Tumor) cells was constructed in the mammalian expression vector, pcDNAl, and screened using an expression cloning approach [Gearing et al., EMBO J. 8., 3667-3676 (1989)] based on the ability of single transfected cells to detectably bind labeled 125I-Tyr-ovme CRF. Binding was assessed by performing the transfectionε and binding reactions directly on chambered microscope slides, then dipping the slides in photographic emulsion, developing the slides after 3-4 days exposure, and analyzing them under a microscope. The possibility of detecting expressed CRF Binding Protein, CRF-BP, rather than authentic CRF-R, was minimized by the selection of an ovine CRF related tracer known to have high affinity for the receptor but low affinity for CRF-BP. Cells which had been transfected with CRF receptor cDNA, and consequently bound radioactive CRF, were covered with silver grains. Polyadenylated RNA was prepared from human pituitary corticotrope adenoma cells. Corresponding cDNA was synthesized and ligated into the plasmid vector pcDNAl using non-palindromic BstXI linkers and used to transform MC1061/P3 cells, yielding a library of approximately 1.5x10 primary reco binants. The unamplified cDNA library was plated at approximately 5000 clones per 100 mm plate. The cells were then scraped off the plates, frozen in glycerol, and stored at -70°C. Mini-prep DNA was prepared from each pool of 5,000 clones using the alkaline lysis method [Maniatis et al. Molecular Cloning (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1982)]. Approximately 1/10 of the DNA from a mini-prep (10 μl of 100 μl) was transfected into COSM6 cells, and the cells screened for the capacity to bind iodinated Tyr ovine CRF. More specifically, 2x10 COS cells were plated on chambered microscope slides (1 chamber - Nunc) that had been coated with 20 μg/ml poly-D-lysine and allowed to attach for at least 3 hours in DMEM and 10% Fetal Calf Serum (complete medium) . Cells were subjected to DEAE- Dextran mediated transfection as follows. 1.5 ml of serum- free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 100 μM chloroquine was added to the cells. DNA was precipitated in 200 μl DMEM/chloroquine containing 500 μg/ml DEAE-Dextran, then added to the cells. The cells were incubated at 37°C for 4 hours, then the media was removed and the cells were treated with 10% DMSO in HEPES buffered saline for 2 minutes. The 10% DMSO was removed, and fresh complete media was added and the cells assayed for binding 2 days later. Transfected cells prepared as described above were washed twice with HEPES buffered saline (HDB) containing 0.1% ovalbumin, then incubated for 90 minutes at 6 125 22°C in 0.7 ml HDB, 0.1% ovalbumin containing 10 cpm I- Tyr-ovine CRF (approximately 1 ng, 300 pM) . The cells were then washed 3X with cold HDB, 0.1% ovalbumin, and 2X with cold HDB, then fixed for 15 minutes at 22°C in 2.5% glutaraldehyde/HDB and washed 2X with HDB. The chambers were then peeled off the slides, and the slides dehydrated in 95% ethanol, dried under vacuum, dipped in NTB2 photographic emulsion (Kodak) and exposed in the dark at 4°C for 3-4 days. Following development of the emulsion, the slides were dehydrated in 95% ethanol, stained with eosin and coverslipped with DPX mountant (Electron Microscopy Sciences) . The slides were analyzed under darkfield illumination using a Leitz microscope. Successive subdivision of a positive pool generated a single clone that demonstrated high affinity CRF binding (Kd = 3.3 ± 0.45 nM) when present in COSM6 cell membranes. The clone containing sequence encoding CRF- receptor is referred to herein as "hctCRFR" and has been deposited with ATCC under accession number 75474, and the receptor encoded thereby is referred to herein as hCRF-RA 1 . A phage ΛZapII library was also synthesized from the same human Cushing's tumor cDNA described above using Not!/ EcoRI adapters. A 1.2 kb PstI fragment in the CRF-R coding region of clone "hctCRFR" was used to screen the ΛZapII library at high stringency using standard methods. Of three positive clones identified, two were sequenced and found to contain full length CRF-R cDNA without introns. The clones are labeled "CRF-Rl" (also referred to herein as hCRF-RA.,) and "CRF-R2" (also referred to herein as hCRF-RA 2 ) , portions of which are set forth in SEQ ID NO:l and SEQ ID NO: 3, respectively. Clone CRF-Rl (i.e., hCRF-RA,) contains a 2584 bp insert with a 1245 bp open reading frame encoding a 415 amino acid CRF-R protein. Clone CRF-R2 (also referred to herein as hCRF-RA 2 ) , is an alternatively spliced variant sequence of CRF-Rl (i.e., hCRF-RA.,) that has the 29 amino acids set forth in SEQ ID NO:4 inserted between amino acids 145-146 of SEQ ID NO:2. Example 2 Expression of CRF Receptor mRNA Using well-known autoradiographic methods for binding labelled CRF to various frozen tissue sections, the native CRF receptor has been detected and shown to vary dynamically in the pituitary and various brain regions in experimental animals and in human beings where it is altered in pathologic conditions including Alzheimer's Disease and severe melancholic depression. Furthermore, receptors have been detected in the periphery in organs such, as the adrenal, ovary, placenta, gastrointestinal tract and the red pulp / macrophage rich area of the spleen and in sites of inflammation presumably corresponding to the actions of CRF within those tissues. A Northern-blot assay was conducted by size- fractionating poly(A) + -RNA (derived from rat brain, rat pituitary, rat heart, and mouse AtT20 corticotropic cells) on a denaturing formaldehyde agarose gel and transferring the RNA to nitrocellulose paper using standard methods. The nitrocellulose paper blot was prehybridized for 15 minutes at 68°C .in QuikHyb™ hybridization solution (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) and 100 μg/ml salmon sperm DNA. Next, the blot was hybridized in the same solution at 68°C for 30 minutes to a "hctCRFR"-derived randomly primed (Amersham, Arlington Heights, IL) 1.3 Kb PstI cDNA fragment that contained the majority of the cDNA region of CRF-Rl (i.e., hCRF-RA.,) . The blot was washed twice at 21°C in 2X SSPE and 0.15% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) for 15 minutes. Next, the blot was washed twice at 60°C in 0.2 X SSPE and 0.1% SDS for 30 minutes. An autoradiogram of the nitrocellulose paper blot was developed using standard methods. The results of the Northern-blot assay revealed the presence of a 2.7 Kb CRF-R mRNA transcript in rat brain, rat pituitary, and in mouse AtT20 corticotropic cells. CRF-R mRNA was not detected in the heart tissue sample. Example 3 Pharmacologic characteristics of hctCRFR transiently expressed in COSM6 cells Approximately 10 C0SM6 cells were transfected with either hctCRFR or rGnRHR (rat gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor) by the DEAE-dextran method and grown in 150 -mm tissue culture dishes. Two days after transfection, the cells were washed twice with 1 ml HDB and were detached by incubation for 15 min at room temperature in 0.5 mM EDTA in HDB. After pelleting, the cells were washed twice with HDB, and then homogenized in 5% sucrose (16ml/150mm dish) . The homogenate was centrifuged at 600 X g for 5 minutes, and the resulting supernatant was centrifuged at 40,000 X g for 20 minutes. The resulting pellet (containing crude membranes) was resuspended at l-4mg/ml in 10% sucrose, and used in a competitive radioreceptor assay to measure binding to the CRF-R as described Perrin et al., Endoc.. 118:1171 (1986) . Membrane ho ogenates (10-24 μg) were incubated at room temperature for 90 minutes with 100,000 cpm 125I-(Nle21, Tyr )-ovine CRF (1 μg CRF was iodinated by chloramine T oxidation to a specific activity of 2,000 Ci/mmol; iodinated CRF was purified by HPLC) and increasing concentrations of unlabeled rat/human (r/h) CRF. The iodinated CRF and unlabeled r/h CRF were both diluted in 20 mM HEPES, 0.1% BSA, 10% sucrose, 2 mM EGTA to a final, pH 7.5 in a final volume of 200 μl and containing MgS0 4 to a final concentration of lOmM. The reaction was terminated by filtration through GF/C (Whatman) filters, prewetted with 1% BSA, lOmM HEPES, pH 7.5. The filters were washed 4 times with 1 ml 0.1% BSA, 50 mM Tris, pH 7.5. Filter- bound radioactivity, indicating the presence of CRF-R: 125I- (Nle 21, Tyr32)-ovine CRF complex, was determined by y- scintillation counting. The results from an assay for the displacement of 15 I-(Nle 21 , Tyr 32 )-ovine CRF by unlabeled human/rat CRF (r/h CRF) are shown in Figure 1. The results show that native r/h CRF is able to displace labeled ovine CRF in a dose- dependent manner from cells transfected with hctCRFR, but not from cells transfected with rGnRHR. This indicates that the hctCRFR clone encodes a receptor that displays pharmacologic specificity characteristic of a physiologically relevant CRF-receptor (i.e., CRF-RA.,). Example 4 Assay of CRF-R mediated stimulation • ' ' ■ of intracellular cAMP levels To determine the possible linkage of CRF-R to multiple signaling pathways, the ability of CRF-R to stimulate cAMP formation in CRF-R-expressing COSM6 cells was investigated. To ensure that changes in cAMP levels were not influenced by alterations in cAMP phosphodiesterase, the phosphodiesteraεe inhibitor 3- iεobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was added to the medium. COSM6 cells were trypsinized 24 hrs following transfection with either ctCRFR or rGnRHR in 150 mm dishes and were replated in 24-well plates (Costar) and allowed to express the receptors for another 24 hrs in 10% FCS, DMEM. On the day of the stimulation, the medium was changed to 0.1% FCS, DMEM at least 2 hrs before a 30 minute preincubation with 0.1 mM IBMX or medium. Test ligands (i.e., r/h CRF, sauvagine, salmon calcitonin, Vasoactive j-ntestinal peptide (VIP) , growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) were added in 0.1% BSA, 0.1% FCS, DMEM, and stimulation was carried out for 30 minutes at 37 °C, 7.5% C0 2 . The medium waε removed and the cells were extracted overnight with 1 ml ice-cold 95% EtOH-O.lM HCl at -20 °C. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels were determined in duplicate from triplicate wells by RIA kit (Biomedical Technologies, Stoughton, MA) following the manufacturer's protocol. The results are shown in Figures 2A, 2B and 2C. Figureε 2A and 2B εhow that COSM6 cells transfected with the cloned hctCRFR respond to CRF with an approximately 10- 20 fold increase in intracellular cAMP over basal cAMP levels. Several unrelated peptides have no effect on cyclic AMP levels in the receptor transfected cells. Figure 2C shows that the CRF antagonist, a helical (9-41) CRF, blocks the induction of cyclic AMP by r/h CRF. Example 5 Isolation of cDNA encoding a rat CRF-R Adult Sprague-Dawley rat whole brain poly (A)+ RNA was used for the synthesis of a cDNA library. Double-stranded cDNA was ligated to _EcoRI-WotI adaptors (Pharmacia/LKB) and cDNAs greater than 2 kilobase pair (kb) were ligated into the ΛZAPII vector (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) . The library was amplified once and approximately 7 x 10 clones were screened by hybridization with the 1.2kb PstI fragment of CRF-Rl (e.g., CRF-RA.,) using standard methods. One of the positive clones identified was sequenced and found to contain full length CRF-R cDNA. The positive clone was labeled rat brain CRF-R (rbCRF-RA) and contains an approximate 2500 base pair (bp) insert with a 1245 bp open reading frame encoding a 415 amino acid CRF-R protein. The cDNA and amino acid sequenceε corresponding to "rbCRF-RA" are set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6, respectively. Example 6 Isolation of genomic DNA encoding a mouse CRF-RB Approximately 7 x 10 clones of a mouse phage genomic library (obtained from Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) were screened by hybridization with a probe comprising nucleotides 204-1402 of rat CRF-RA (see SEQ ID NO:5) using standard methods. Thus, hybridization was carried out in 5X SSPE, 5X Denhardt's solution, and 0.5% SDS for 16 hours at 60°C. The filters were washed twice at room temperature with 2X SSC, 0.1% SDS, then washed twice at 60°C with 2X SSC, 0.1% SDS. One of the positive clones identified was sequenced and found to contain an open reading frame encoding a " partial CRF-RB sequence derived from transmembrane domains 3 through 4 of CRF-RB. The positive clone was labeled mouse CRF-RB (mCRF-RB) and contains two exons, interrupted by an intron of about 450 nucleotides. The two exons combine to produce a 210 base pair (bp) open reading frame encoding a 70 amino acid portion of a novel CRF-RB protein. The cDNA and amino acid sequences corresponding to "mCRF-RB" are set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8, respectively. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood that modifications and variations are within the spirit and scope of that which is described and claimed. SUMMARY OF SEQUENCES Sequence ID No. 1 is the nucleic acid sequence (and the deduced amino acid sequence) of a cDNA encoding a human-derived CRF receptor of the present invention (i.e., hCRF-RA-) . Sequence ID No. 2 is the deduced amino acid sequence of the human-derived CRF receptor set forth in Sequence ID No. 1. Sequence ID No. 3 is the nucleic acid sequence (and the deduced amino acid sequence) of a splice variant cDNA insert encoding a 29 amino acid inεert portion of the human-derived CRF receptor of the preεent invention. The εplice variant cDNA insert is located between nucleotides 516-517 of Sequence ID No:l (thereby producing CRF-RA 2 } . Sequence ID No. 4 is the deduced amino acid sequence of the human-derived CRF receptor splice variant insert set forth in Sequence ID No. 3. The splice variant amino acid insert is located between amino acids 145-146 of SEQ ID NO:2. Sequence ID No. 5 is the nucleic acid sequence (and the deduced amino acid sequence) of a cDNA encoding region of a rat-derived CRF receptor of the present invention (i.e., rCRF-RA) . Sequence ID No. 6 is the deduced amino acid sequence of the rat-derived CRF receptor set forth in Sequence ID No. 5. Sequence ID No. 7 is the nucleic acid sequence (and the deduced amino acid sequence) of two exons (less the intervening intron sequence) of a partial genomic clone encoding a mouse-derived CRF receptor of the present invention (i.e., mCRF-RB) . Sequence ID No. 8 is the deduced amino acid sequence of the human-derived CRF receptor set forth in Sequence ID No. 7. SEQUENCE LISTING (1) GENERAL INFORMATION: (i) APPLICANT: Perrin, Marilyn H. Chen, Ruoping Lewis, Kathy A. Vale Jr., Wylie W. Donaldson, Cynthia J. (ii) TITLE OF INVENTION: CLONING AND RECOMBINANT PRODUCTION OF CRF RECEPTOR(S) (iii) NUMBER OF SEQUENCES: " 8 (iv) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: (A) ADDRESSEE: Pretty, Schroeder, Brueggemann & Clark (B) STREET: 444 South Flower Street, Suite 2000 (C) CITY: Los Angeles (D) STATE: CA (E) COUNTRY: USA (F) ZIP: 90071 (v) COMPUTER READABLE FORM: (A) MEDIUM TYPE: Floppy disk (B) COMPUTER: IBM PC compatible (C) OPERATING SYSTEM: PC-DOS/MS-DOS (D) SOFTWARE: Patentin Release #1.0, Version #1.25 (vi) CURRENT APPLICATION DATA: (A) APPLICATION NUMBER: US (B) FILING DATE: 25-MAY-1994 (C) CLASSIFICATION: (vii) PRIOR APPLICATION DATA: (A) APPLICATION NUMBER: US 08/079,320 (B) FILING DATE: 18-JUN-1993 (vii) PRIOR APPLICATION DATA: (A) APPLICATION NUMBER: US 08/110,286 (B) FILING DATE: 23-AUG-1993 (viii) ATTORNEY/AGENT INFORMATION: (A) NAME: Reiter, Stephen E. (B) REGISTRATION NUMBER: 31,1192 (C) REFERENCE/DOCKET NUMBER: FP41 9766 (ix) TELECOMMUNICATION INFORMATION: (A) TELEPHONE: 619-546-4737 (B) TELEFAX: 619-546-9392 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:l: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 1495 base pairs (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: both (D) TOPOLOGY: both (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 82..1329 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: /product= "HUMAN PITUITARY CRF-RECEPTOR" /note= "This sequence is encoded by clone "CRF-Rl"." (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:l: CGAGCCCGCA GCCGCCCGCC GGTTCCTCTG GGATGTCCGT AGGACCCGGG CATTCAGGAC 60 GGTAGCCGAG CGAGCCCGAG G ATG GGA GGG CAC CCG CAG CTC CGT CTC GTC 111 Met Gly Gly His Pro Gin Leu Arg Leu Val 1 5 10 AAG GCC CTT CTC CTT CTG GGG CTG AAC CCC GTC TCT GCC TCC CTC CAG 159 Lys Ala Leu Leu Leu Leu Gly Leu Asn Pro Val Ser Ala Ser Leu Gin 15 20 25 GAC CAG CAC TGC GAG AGC CTG TCC CTG GCC AGC AAC ATC TCA GGA CTG 207 Asp Gin His Cys Glu Ser Leu Ser Leu Ala Ser Asn lie Ser Gly Leu 30 35 40 CAG TGC AAC GCA TCC GTG GAC CTC ATT GGC ACC TGC TGG CCC CGC AGC 255 Gin Cys Asn Ala Ser Val Asp Leu lie Gly Thr Cys Trp Pro Arg Ser 45 50 55 CCT GCG GGG CAG CTA GTG GTT CGG CCC TGC CCT GCC TTT TTC TAT GGT 303 Pro Ala Gly Gin Leu Val Val Arg Pro Cys Pro Ala Phe Phe Tyr Gly 60 65 70 GTC CGC TAC AAT ACC ACA AAC AAT GGC TAC CGG GAG TGC CTG GCC AAT 351 Val Arg Tyr Asn Thr Thr Asn Asn Gly Tyr Arg Glu Cys Leu Ala Asn 75 80 85 90 GGC AGC TGG GCC GCC CGC GTG AAT TAC TCC GAG TGC CAG GAG ATC CTC 399 Gly Ser Trp Ala Ala Arg Val Asn Tyr Ser Glu Cys Gin Glu lie Leu 95 100 105 AAT GAG GAG AAA AAA AGC AAG GTG CAC TAC CAT GTC GCA GTC ATC ATC 447 Asn Glu Glu Lys Lys Ser Lys Val His Tyr His Val Ala Val lie lie 110 115 120 AAC TAC CTG GGC CAC TGT ATC TCC CTG GTG GCC CTC CTG GTG GCC TTT 495 Asn Tyr Leu Gly His Cys lie Ser Leu Val Ala Leu Leu Val Ala Phe 125 130 135 GTC CTC TTT CTG CGG CTC AGG AGC ATC CGG TGC CTG CGA AAC ATC ATC 543 Val Leu Phe Leu Arg Leu Arg Ser lie Arg Cys Leu Arg Asn lie lie 140 145 150 CAC TGG AAC CTC ATC TCC GCC TTC ATC CTG CGC AAC GCC ACC TGG TTC 591 His Trp Asn Leu lie Ser Ala Phe lie Leu Arg Asn Ala Thr Trp Phe 155 160 . . 165 170 GTG GTC CAG CTA ACC ATG AGC CCC GAG GTC CAC CAG AGC AAC GTG GGC 639 Val Val Gin Leu Thr Met Ser Pro Glu Val His Gin Ser Asn Val Gly 175 180 185 TGG TGC AGG TTG GTG ACA GCC GCC TAC AAC TAC TTC CAT GTG ACC AAC 687 Trp Cys Arg Leu Val Thr Ala Ala Tyr Asn Tyr Phe His Val Thr Asn 190 195 200 TTC TTC TGG ATG TTC GGC GAG GGC TGC TAC CTG CAC ACA GCC ATC GTG 735 Phe Phe Trp Met Phe Gly Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala lie Val 205 210 215 CTC ACC TAC TCC ACT GAC CGG CTG CGC AAA TGG ATG TTC ATC TGC ATT 783 Leu Thr Tyr Ser Thr Asp Arg Leu Arg Lys Trp Met Phe lie Cys lie 220 225 230 GGC TGG GGT GTG CCC TTC CCC ATC ATT GTG GCC TGG GCC ATT GGG AAG 831 Gly Trp Gly Val Pro Phe Pro lie lie Val Ala Trp Ala lie Gly Lys 235 240 245 250 CTG TAC TAC GAC AAT GAG AAG TGC TGG TTT GGC AAA AGG CCT GGG GTG 879 Leu Tyr Tyr Asp Asn Glu Lys Cys Trp Phe Gly Lys Arg Pro Gly Val 255 260 265 TAC ACC GAC TAC ATC TAC CAG GGC CCC ATG ATC CTG GTC CTG CTG ATC 927 Tyr Thr Asp Tyr lie Tyr Gin Gly Pro Met lie Leu Val Leu Leu lie 270 275 280 AAT TTC ATC TTC CTT TTC AAC ATC GTC CGC ATC CTC ATG ACC AAG CTC 975 Asn Phe lie Phe Leu Phe Asn lie Val Arg lie Leu Met Thr Lys Leu 285 290 295 CGG GCA TCC ACC ACG TCT GAG ACC ATT CAG TAC AGG AAG GCT GTG AAA 1023 Arg Ala Ser Thr Thr Ser Glu Thr lie Gin Tyr Arg Lys Ala Val Lys 300 305 310 GCC ACT CTG GTG CTG CTG CCC CTC CTG GGC ATC ACC TAC ATG CTG TTC 1071 Ala Thr Leu Val Leu Leu Pro Leu Leu Gly lie Thr Tyr Met Leu Phe 315 320 325 330 TTC GTC AAT CCC GGG GAG GAT GAG GTC TCC CGG GTC GTC TTC ATC TAC 1119 Phe Val Asn Pro Gly Glu Asp Glu Val Ser Arg Val Val Phe lie Tyr 335 340 345 TTC AAC TCC TTC CTG GAA TCC TTC CAG GGC TTC TTT GTG TCT GTG TTC 1167 Phe Asn Ser Phe Leu Glu Ser Phe Gin Gly Phe Phe Val Ser Val Phe 350 355 360 TAC TGT TTC CTC AAT AGT GAG GTC CGT TCT GCC ATC CGG AAG AGG TGG 1215 Tyr Cys Phe Leu Asn Ser Glu Val Arg Ser Ala lie Arg Lys Arg Trp 365 370 375 CAC CGG TGG CAG GAC AAG CAC TCG ATC CGT GCC CGA GTG GCC CGT GCC 1263 His Arg Trp Gin Asp Lys His Ser lie Arg Ala Arg Val Ala Arg Ala 380 385 390 ATG TCC ATC CCC ACC TCC CCA ACC CGT GTC AGC TTT CAC AGC ATC AAG 1311 Met Ser lie Pro Thr Ser Pro Thr Arg Val Ser Phe His Ser lie Lys 395 400 405 410 CAG TCC ACA GCA GTC TGAGCTGGCA GGTCATGGAG CAGCCCCCAA AGAGCTGTGG 1366 Gin Ser Thr Ala Val 415 CTGGGGGGAT GACGGCCAGG CTCCCTGACC ACCCTGCCTG TGGAGGTGAC CTGTTAGGTC 1426 TCATGCCCAC TCCCCCAGGA GCAGCTGGCA CTGACAGCCT GGGGGGGCCG CTCTCCCCCT 1486 GCAGCCGTG 1495 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:2: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERfsTICS: (A) LENGTH: 415 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:2: Met Gly Gly His Pro Gin Leu Arg Leu Val Lys Ala Leu Leu Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 Gly Leu Asn Pro Val Ser Ala Ser Leu Gin Asp Gin His Cys Glu Ser 20 25 30 Leu Ser Leu Ala Ser Asn lie Ser Gly Leu Gin Cys Asn Ala Ser Val 35 40 45 Asp Leu lie Gly Thr Cys Trp Pro Arg Ser Pro Ala Gly Gin Leu Val 50 55 60 Val Arg Pro Cys Pro Ala Phe Phe Tyr Gly Val Arg Tyr Asn Thr Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Asn Gly Tyr Arg Glu Cys Leu Ala Asn Gly Ser Trp Ala Ala Arg 85 90 95 Val Asn Tyr Ser Glu Cys Gin Glu lie Leu Asn Glu Glu Lys Lys Ser 100 105 110 Lys Val His Tyr His Val Ala Val lie lie Asn Tyr Leu Gly His Cys 115 120 125 lie Ser Leu Val Ala Leu Leu Val Ala Phe Val Leu Phe Leu Arg Leu 130 135 140 Arg Ser lie Arg Cys Leu Arg Asn lie lie His Trp Asn Leu lie Ser 145 150 155 160 Ala Phe lie Leu Arg Asn Ala Thr Trp Phe Val Val Gin Leu Thr Met 165 170 175 Ser Pro Glu Val His Gin Ser Asn Val Gly Trp Cys Arg Leu Val Thr 180 185 190 Ala Ala Tyr Asn Tyr Phe His Val Thr Asn Phe Phe Trp Met Phe Gly 195 200 205 Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala lie Val Leu Thr Tyr Ser Thr Asp 210 215 220 Arg Leu Arg Lys Trp Met Phe lie Cys lie Gly Trp Gly Val Pro Phe 225 230 235 240 Pro He He Val Ala Trp Ala He Gly Lys Leu Tyr Tyr Asp Asn Glu 245 250 255 Lys Cys Trp Phe Gly Lys Arg Pro Gly Val Tyr Thr Asp Tyr He Tyr 260 265 270 Gin Gly Pro Met lie Leu Val Leu Leu He Asn Phe He Phe Leu Phe 275 280 285 Asn He Val Arg He Leu Met Thr Lys Leu Arg Ala Ser Thr Thr Ser 290 295 300 Glu Thr He Gin Tyr Arg Lys Ala Val Lys Ala Thr Leu Val Leu Leu 305 310 ^ 315 320 Pro Leu Leu Gly He Thr Tyr Met Leu Phe Phe Val Asn Pro Gly Glu 325 330 335 Asp Glu Val Ser Arg Val Val Phe He Tyr Phe Asn Ser Phe Leu Glu 340 345 350 Ser Phe Gin Gly Phe Phe Val Ser Val Phe Tyr Cys Phe Leu Asn Ser 355 360 365 Glu Val Arg Ser Ala He Arg Lys Arg Trp His Arg Trp Gin Asp Lys 370 375 380 His Ser He Arg Ala Arg Val Ala Arg Ala Met Ser He Pro Thr Ser 385 390 395 400 Pro Thr Arg Val Ser Phe His Ser He Lys Gin Ser Thr Ala Val 405 410 415 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:3: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: • (A) LENGTH: 87 base pairs (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: both (D) TOPOLOGY: both (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 1..87 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: /product= "CRF-R splice-variant insert fragment" /note= "This sequence is contained in clone "CRF-R2" and is positioned between nucleotides 516-517 of SEQ ID NO:l." (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:3: CCA GGC TGC ACC CAT TGG GGT GAC CAG GCA GAT GGA GCC CTG GAG GTG 48 Pro Gly Cys Thr His Trp Gly Asp Gin Ala Asp Gly Ala Leu Glu Val 1 5 10 15 GGG GCT CCA TGG AGT GGT GCC CCA TTT CAG GTT CGA AGG 87 Gly Ala Pro Trp Ser Gly Ala Pro Phe Gin Val Arg Arg 20 25 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:4: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: , (A) LENGTH: 29 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear, (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:4: Pro Gly Cys Thr His Trp Gly Asp Gin Ala Asp Gly Ala Leu Glu Val 1 5 _ 10 15 Gly Ala Pro Trp Ser Gly Ala Pro Phe Gin Val Arg Arg 20 25 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:5: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 1411 base pairs (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: both (D) TOPOLOGY: both (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: cDNA (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 80..1324 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: /product= "RAT-DERIVED CRF-RECEPTOR" (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:5: AGACCGCAGC CGCCCGCCCT CCGCTCTGGG ATGTCGGAGC GATCCAGGCA TCCAGGACGC 60 TGACGGAGCG AGCCCGAGG ATG GGA CGG CGC CCG CAG CTC CGG CTC GTG AAG 112 Met Gly Arg Arg Pro Gin Leu Arg Leu Val Lys 1 5 10 GCC CTT CTC CTT CTG GGG CTG AAC CCT GTG TCC ACC TCC CTT CAG GAT 160 Ala Leu Leu Leu Leu Gly Leu Asn Pro Val Ser Thr Ser Leu Gin Asp 15 20 25 CAG CGC TGT GAG AAC CTG TCC CTG ACC AGC AAT GTT TCT GGC CTG CAG 208 Gin Arg Cys Glu Asn Leu Ser Leu Thr Ser Asn Val Ser Gly Leu Gin 30 35 40 TGC AAT GCA TCC GTG GAC CTC ATT GGC ACC TGC TGG CCC CGG AGC CCT 256 Cys Asn Ala Ser Val Asp Leu He Gly Thr Cys Trp Pro Arg Ser Pro 45 50 55 GCG GGC CAG TTG GTG GTC CGA CCC TGC CCT GCC TTT TTC TAC GGT GTC 304 Ala Gly Gin Leu Val Val Arg Pro Cys Pro Ala Phe Phe Tyr Gly Val 60 65 70 75 CGC TAC AAC ACG ACA AAC AAT GGC TAC CGG GAG TGC CTG GCC AAC GGC 352 Arg Tyr Asn Thr Thr Asn Asn Gly Tyr Arg Glu Cys Leu Ala Asn Gly 80 85 90 AGC TGG GCA GCC CGT GTG AAT TAT TCT GAG TGC CAG GAG ATT CTC AAC 400 Ser Trp Ala Ala Arg Val Asn Tyr Ser Glu Cys Gin Glu He Leu Asn 95 100 105 GAA GAG AAG AAG AGC AAA GTA CAC TAC CAT GTT GCA GTC ATC ATC AAC 448 Glu Glu Lys Lys Ser Lys Val His Tyr His Val Ala Val He He Asn 110 115 120 TAC CTG GGT CAC TGC ATC TCC CTG GTA GCC CTC CTG GTG GCC TTT GTC 496 Tyr Leu Gly His Cys He Ser Leu Val Ala Leu Leu Val Ala Phe Val 125 " 130 135 CTC TTC TTG CGG CTC AGG AGC ATC CGG TGC CTG AGA AAC ATC ATC CAC 544 Leu Phe Leu Arg Leu Arg Ser He Arg Cys Leu Arg Asn He He His 140 145 150 155 TGG AAC CTC ATC TCG GCT TTC ATC CTA CGC AAC GCC ACG TGG TTT GTG 592 Trp Asn Leu He Ser Ala Phe lie Leu Arg Asn Ala Thr Trp Phe Val 160 165 170 GTC CAG CTC ACC GTG AGC CCC GAG GTG CAC CAG AGC AAT GTG GCC TGG 640 Val Gin Leu Thr Val Ser Pro Glu Val His Gin Ser Asn Val Ala Trp 175 180 185 TGT AGG TTG GTG ACA GCO GCC TAC AAT TAC TTC CAT GTA ACC AAC TTC 688 Cys Arg Leu Val Thr Ala Ala Tyr Asn Tyr Phe His Val Thr Asn Phe 190 195 200 TTC TGG ATG TTC GGT GAG GGC TGC TAC CTG CAC ACA GCC ATT GTG CTC 736 Phe Trp Met Phe Gly Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala He Val Leu 205 210 215 ACG TAC TCC ACC GAC CGT CTG CGC AAG TGG ATG TTC GTC TGC ATT GGC 784 Thr Tyr Ser Thr Asp Arg Leu Arg Lys Trp Met Phe Val Cys He Gly 220 225 230 235 TGG GGT GTA CCT TTC CCC ATC ATT GTG GCT TGG GCC ATT GGG AAG CTG 832 Trp Gly Val Pro Phe Pro He He Val Ala Trp Ala He Gly Lys Leu 240 245 250 CAC TAC GAC AAT GAA AAG TGC TGG TTT GGC AAA CGT CCT GGG GTA TAC 880 His Tyr Asp Asn Glu Lys Cys Trp Phe Gly Lys Arg Pro Gly Val Tyr 255 260 265 ACT GAC TAC ATC TAC CAG GGC CCC ATG ATC CTG GTC CTG CTG ATC AAC 928 Thr Asp Tyr He Tyr Gin Gly Pro Met He Leu Val Leu Leu He Asn 270 275 280 TTT ATC TTT CTC TTC AAC ATT GTC CGC ATC CTC ATG ACC AAA CTC CGG 976 Phe He Phe Leu Phe Asn He Val Arg He Leu Met Thr Lys Leu Arg 285 290 295 GCA TCC ACT ACA TCT GAG ACC ATT CAG TAC AGG AAG GCT GTG AAG GCC 1024 Ala Ser Thr Thr Ser Glu Thr He Gin Tyr Arg Lys Ala Val Lys Ala 300 305 310 315 ACT CTG GTG CTC CTG CCC CTT CTG GGC ATC ACC TAC ATG TTG TTC TTC 1072 Thr Leu Val Leu Leu Pro Leu Leu Gly He Thr Tyr Met Leu Phe Phe 320 325 330 GTC AAC CCT GGA GAG GAC GAG GTC TCC AGG GTC GTC TTC ATC TAC TTC 1120 Val Asn Pro Gly Glu Asp Glu Val Ser Arg Val Val Phe He Tyr Phe 335 340 345 AAC TCT TTT CTG GAG TCC TTT CAG GGC TTC TTT GTG TCT GTG TTC TAC 1168 Asn Ser Phe Leu Glu Ser Phe Gin Gly Phe Phe Val Ser Val Phe Tyr 350 355 360 TGT TTT CTG AAC AGT GAG GTC CGC TCC GCT ATC CGG AAG AGG TGG CGT 1216 Cys Phe Leu Asn Ser Glu Val Arg Ser Ala He Arg Lys Arg Trp Arg 365 370 375 CGG TGG CAG GAC AAG CAC TCC ATC AGA GCC CGA GTG GCC CGA GCT ATG 1264 Arg Trp Gin Asp Lys His Ser He Arg Ala Arg Val Ala Arg Ala Met 380 ' ' 385 390 - ■> 395 TCC ATC CCC ACC TCC CCG ACC AGA GTC AGC TTT CAC AGC ATC AAG CAG 1312 Ser He Pro Thr Ser Pro Thr Arg Val Ser Phe His Ser He Lys Gin 400 405 410 TCC ACA GCA GTG TGAGCTCCAG GCCACAGAGC AGCCCCCAAG ACCTGAGGCC 1364 Ser Thr Ala Val 415 GGGGAGATGA TGCAAGCTCA CTGACGAGCC AGTCTGCAGA CGCAAGC 1411 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:6: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 415 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:6: Met Gly Arg Arg Pro Gin Leu Arg Leu Val Lys Ala Leu Leu Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 Gly Leu Asn Pro Val Ser Thr Ser Leu Gin Asp Gin Arg Cys Glu Asn 20 25 30 Leu Ser Leu Thr Ser Asn Val Ser Gly Leu Gin Cys Asn Ala Ser Val 35 40 45 Asp Leu He Gly Thr Cys Trp Pro Arg Ser Pro Ala Gly Gin Leu Val 50 55 60 Val Arg Pro Cys Pro Ala Phe Phe Tyr Gly Val Arg Tyr Asn Thr Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Asn Gly Tyr Arg Glu Cys Leu Ala Asn Gly Ser Trp Ala Ala Arg 85 90 95 Val Asn Tyr Ser Glu Cys Gin Glu He Leu Asn Glu Glu Lys Lys Ser 100 105 110 Lys Val His Tyr His Val Ala Val He He Asn Tyr Leu Gly His Cys 115 120 125 He Ser Leu Val Ala Leu Leu Val Ala Phe Val Leu Phe Leu Arg Leu 130 135 140 Arg Ser He Arg Cys Leu Arg Asn He He His Trp Asn Leu He Ser 145 150 155 160 Ala Phe He Leu Arg Asn Ala Thr Trp Phe Val Val Gin Leu Thr Val 165 170 175 Ser Pro Glu Val His Gin Ser Asn Val Ala Trp Cys Arg Leu Val Thr 180 185 190 Ala Ala Tyr Asn Tyr Phe His Val Thr Asn Phe Phe Trp Met Phe Gly 195 200 205 Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala He Val Leu Thr Tyr Ser Thr Asp 210 215 220 Arg Leu Arg Lys Trp Met Phe Val Cys He Gly Trp Gly Val Pro Phe 225 230 235 240 Pro He He Val Ala Trp Ala He Gly Lys Leu His Tyr Asp Asn Glu 245 250 255 Lys Cys Trp Phe Gly Lys Arg Pro Gly Val Tyr Thr Asp Tyr He Tyr 260 265 270 Gin Gly Pro Met He Leu Val Leu Leu He Asn Phe He Phe Leu Phe 275 280 285 Asn He Val Arg He Leu Met Thr Lys Leu Arg Ala Ser Thr Thr Ser 290 295 „ 300 Glu Thr He Gin Tyr Arg Lys Ala Val Lys Ala Thr Leu Val Leu Leu 305 310 315 320 Pro Leu Leu Gly He Thr Tyr Met Leu Phe Phe Val Asn Pro Gly Glu 325 330 335 Asp Glu Val Ser Arg Val Val Phe He Tyr Phe Asn Ser Phe Leu Glu 340 345 350 Ser Phe Gin Gly Phe Phe Val Ser Val Phe Tyr Cys Phe Leu Asn Ser 355 360 365 Glu Val Arg Ser Ala He Arg Lys Arg Trp Arg Arg Trp Gin Asp Lys 370 375 380 His Ser He Arg Ala Arg Val Ala Arg Ala Met Ser He Pro Thr Ser 385 390 395 400 Pro Thr Arg Val Ser Phe His Ser He Lys Gin Ser Thr Ala Val 405 410 415 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:7: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 210 base pairs (B) TYPE: nucleic acid (C) STRANDEDNESS: both (D) TOPOLOGY: both (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: genomic DNA (ix) FEATURE: (A) NAME/KEY: CDS (B) LOCATION: 1..210 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: /product= "MOUSE-DERIVED CRF-RECEPTOR" (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:7: TGG TGC CGC TGC ATC ACC ACC ATC TTC AAC TAT TTT GTG GTC ACC AAC 48 Trp Cys Arg Cys He Thr Thr He Phe Asn Tyr Phe Val Val Thr Asn 1 5 10 15 TTC TTC TGG ATG TTT GTG GAG GGG TGC TAC CTG CAC ACG GCC ATT GTC 96 Phe Phe Trp Met Phe Val Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala He Val 20 25 30 ATG ACG TAC TCC ACA GAG CAC CTG CGC AAG TGG CTT TTC CTC TTC ATT 144 Met Thr Tyr Ser Thr Glu His Leu Arg Lys Trp Leu Phe Leu Phe He 35 40 45 GGA TGG TGC ATT CCC TGC CCT ATC ATC ATC GCC TGG GCA GTT GGC AAA 192 Gly Trp Cys He Pro Cys Pro He He He Ala Trp Ala Val Gly Lys 50 55 60 CTC TAC TAT GAG AAT GAG 210 Leu Tyr Tyr Glu Asn Glu 65 70 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:8: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS: (A) LENGTH: 70 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: protein (xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:8: Trp Cys Arg Cys He Thr Thr He Phe Asn Tyr Phe Val Val Thr Asn 1 5 10 15 Phe Phe Trp Met Phe Val Glu Gly Cys Tyr Leu His Thr Ala He Val 20 25 30 Met Thr Tyr Ser Thr Glu His Leu Arg Lys Trp Leu Phe Leu Phe He 35 40 45 Gly Trp Cys He Pro Cys Pro He He He Ala Trp Ala Val Gly Lys 50 55 60 Leu Tyr Tyr Glu Asn Glu 65 70

Claims: That which is claimed is: 1. An isolated mammalian G protein-coupled corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor protein or fragments thereof. 2. A protein according to Claim 1 having sufficient binding affinity for CRF such that concentrations of less than or equal to 10 nanomolar CRF occupy greater than or equal to 50% of the binding sites of said receptor protein. 3. A protein according to Claim 1 having an amino acid sequence substantially the same as set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO:8, or substantially the same amino acid sequence as that encoded by the CRF-R encoding portion of clone hctCRFR, deposited with the ATCC under accession number 75474. 4. An isolated nucleic acid encoding a protein according to Claim 1. 5. An isolated nucleic acid encoding a protein according to Claim 3. 6. An isolated nucleic acid according to Claim 4 having a contiguous nucleotide sequence substantially the same as: nucleotides 82-1329 of SEQ ID NO:l, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO:7, or the CRF-R encoding portion of clone hctCRFR, deposited with the ATCC under accession number 75474, or variations thereof which encode the same amino acid sequence, but employ different codons for some of the amino acids, or splice variant nucleotide sequences thereof. 7. Isolated and purified nucleic acid, or functional fragments thereof encoding the protein of claim 1, selected from: (a) DNA encoding the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, or (b) DNA that hybridizes to the DNA of (a) under moderately stringent conditions, wherein said DNA encodes biologically active CRF-R, or (c) DNA degenerate with respect to either (a) or (b) above, wherein said DNA encodes biologically active CRF-R. 8. An isolated nucleic acid according to Claim 4 having a contiguous nucleotide sequence substantially the same as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5, or 7. 9. A method for the recombinant production of CRF receptor, said method comprising expressing the nucleic acid of Claim 4 in a suitable host cell. 10. An isolated nucleic acid fragment useful as a hybridization probe, wherein said fragment comprises at least 14 contiguous nucleotides of the nucleic acid according to Claim 4 , and wherein said fragment is labeled with a detectable substituent. 11. An isolated nucleic acid fragment according to Claim 10 wherein said readily detectable substituent is selected from a radiolabeled molecule, a fluorescent molecule, an enzyme, or a ligand. 12. A method to identify clones encoding CRF receptors, said method comprising: screening a genomic or cDNA library with a nucleic acid fragment according to Claim 10 under low stringency hybridization conditions, and identifying those clones which display a substantial degree of hybridization to said fragment. 13. A method for screening a collection of compounds to determine those compounds which bind to CRF receptors, said method comprises employing the receptor of claim 1 in a binding assay. 14. A bioassay for evaluating whether test compounds are capable of acting as agonists or antagonists for receptor protein(s) according to Claim 1, or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s) , said bioassay comprising: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses CRF receptor protein(s) or functional modified forms thereof, wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of at least one compound whose ability to modulate signal transduction activity of CRF receptor protein is sought to be determined, and thereafter (b) monitoring said cells for either an increase or decrease in the level of intracellular cAMP. 15. A bioassay for evaluating whether compounds are agonists for receptor protein(s) according to Claim 1, or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s), said bioassay comprising: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses said receptor protein(s) or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s) , and DNA encoding a reporter protein, wherein said DNA is operatively linked to a CRF-R responsive transcription element, wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of at least one compound whose ability to induce signal transduction activity of said receptor protein is sought to be determined; and thereafter (b) monitoring said cells for expression of said reporter protein. 16. A bioassay for evaluating whether compounds are antagonists for receptor protein(s) according to Claim 1, or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s), said bioassay comprising: (a) culturing cells containing: DNA which expresses said receptor protein(s) , or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s) , and DNA encoding a reporter protein, wherein said DNA is operatively linked to a CRF-R responsive transcription element; wherein said culturing is carried out in the presence of: increasing concentrations of at least one compound whose ability to inhibit signal transduction activity of said receptor protein(s) is sought to be determined, and a fixed concentration of at least one agonist for said receptor protein(s) , or functional modified forms of said receptor protein(s) ; and thereafter (b) monitoring in said cells the level of expression of said reporter protein as a function of the concentration of said compound, thereby indicating the ability of said compound to inhibit activation of transcription. 17. An antibody generated against the protein of Claim 1. 18. An antibody according to Claim 17, wherein said antibody is a monoclonal antibody. 19. A method for modulating the signal transduction activity mediated by CRF receptor(s) , said method comprising: contacting said receptor with an effective, modulating amount of said agonist identified by Claim 15. 20. A method for modulating the signal transduction activity mediated by CRF receptor(s) , said method comprising: contacting said receptor with an effective, modulating amount of said antagonist identified by Claim 16. 21. A method for modulating the signal transduction activity mediated by CRF receptor(s) , said method comprising: contacting said receptor with an effective, modulating amount of said antibody of Claim 17.

Inventors: CHEN RUOPING, DONALDSON CYNTHIA J, LEWIS KATHY A, PERRIN MARILYN H, VALE WYLIE W JR, CHEN, RUOPING, DONALDSON, CYNTHIA, J., LEWIS, KATHY, A., PERRIN, MARILYN, H., VALE, WYLIE, W., JR.
Applicants: CHEN RUOPING, DONALDSON CYNTHIA J, LEWIS KATHY A, PERRIN MARILYN H, SALK INST FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDI, VALE WYLIE W JR, CHEN, RUOPING, DONALDSON, CYNTHIA, J., LEWIS, KATHY, A., PERRIN, MARILYN, H., THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES, VALE, WYLIE, W., JR.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: C12N15
IPC codes: C07K14, C12N15, C12P21, C12Q1, C12R1, G01N33