LOW FRICTION GUIDE BAR

Abstract: Guide bar for chain saws comprising a bar body (11) made from a solid steel plate with a groove machined along the edges (14) for guiding the saw chain, and at least the part of the groove sides (15) closest to the edges (14) plated with a nickel layer of average thickness related to the average surface roughness Ra followed by a much thinner chromium layer.

Description: LOW FRICTION GUIDE BAR Background Guide bars for chain saws are usually made either laminated from three thin plates joined by spot welding or adhesives, or solid from one thicker plate. The latter type is preferred when the saw is subject to severe stresses, and requires machining of a circumferential groove to guide the drivelinks of the saw chain. The machining is done either by milling or by grinding. Either method produces a groove with rough side walls, depending on feed and radial clearance. Typical average surface roughness values are Ra = 5 to 10 microns. One frequent mode of failure of guide bars is through wear of the groove to such an extent that it fails to guide the saw chain properly, experienced as vibrations and torsion stresses in the saw chain. Solid guide bars are known to wear faster and cause more wear to the saw chain than laminated bars, where the groove side walls are formed by the smooth rolled surface of the plates. To some extent hardening of the edges of the guide bar can delay the wear, but has limits since it is accompanied by brittleness and failure by cracking. The present invention is a solid guide bar which has been further treated after machining of the groove to reduce the surface roughness. Description Figure 1 shows a side view of a guide bar, and figure 2 an enlarged cross-section through the groove. A solid guide bar comprises a bar body (11) with a nose (12) which is usually a separate item fastened to the bar body by CONFIRMATION COPY rivets. A saw chain (13) can travel along the bar body and around the nose, supported by edges (14) and guided by a groove defined by side walls (15) and bottom (16) . The groove is machined and made so deep that drive links of the saw chain (13) will not reach the bottom (16) . Normally, the drive links will extend to 50 - 75 % of the depth of the groove. The bar body (11) has flat sides (17) which are usually the original rolled surfaces of a plate from which the bar body is formed by punching or laser cutting. There is no technical need for the sides (17) to be smoother than they become when burrs from the punching or laser cutting have been removed. The edges (14) are finely ground as part of the normal fabrication. There is no requirement for smoothness at the groove bottom (16) as nothing will rub against it. The roughness of the groove side walls (15) has a crucial influence on the friction and wear of the groove and the saw chain (13) . The roughness achievable by milling or deep grinding, normally Ra = 5 to 10 microns, can be considerably improved according to the invention by plating the groove at least on those parts of the side walls (15) which can be touched by the drive links of the saw chain with a first layer of nickel (18) with an average thickness of 5 to 15 microns, followed by a chromium layer (19) of thickness 0.25 to 1 micron. The nickel layer is deposited from an acid electrolytic bath with organic additives according to known art, ensuring that the nickel will be deposited predominantly in the valleys of the surface structure to make surface bright and smooth. The chromium layer will adhere predominantly to the nickel and improve its wear resistance, while leaving any still protruding steel asperities unprotected and easily worn down. The result is a surprising reduction in friction, noticable as a higher chain velocity and an increased lifetime of the guide bar until the groove is too worn of 2 - 3 times the lifetime of bars with unplated grooves. During plating of the groove side walls (15) , it is difficult to avoid plating of the edges (14) where the plating may improve the friction at high loads somewhat, as well as at least part of the bar body sides (17) where the plating has a purely esthetic effect. The groove bottom (16) may have a plating of much reduced thickness, which is of no consequence, since it it not needed there. If the nose (12) is a separate part comprising a sprocket to carry the chain (13), there is no need to plate the nose. If the nose is lacking a sprocket, the nose should be plated along with the rest of the guide bar.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Guide bar for chain saws, comprising a bar body (11) made from a solid steel plate with edges (14) , sides (17) and a groove machined along the edges to guide a saw chain (13) , said groove defined by groove side walls (15) and a groove bottom (16), c h a r a c t e r i z e d by at least the half part of the groove side walls (15) closest to the edges (14) being plated with a nickel layer with an average thickness related to the average surface roughness Ra, followed by a thinner chromium layer. 2. Guide bar according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the thickness of the nickel layer being 5 to 15 microns (0.0002 to 0.0006 inch) . 3. Guide bar according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the nickel layer being an electrotically deposited bright layer. 4. Guide bar according to claim 1, 2 or 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the thickness of the chromium layer being no more than 1 micron (0.00004 inch) . 5. Guide bar according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the plated layers extending over the edges (14) and at least part of the bar body sides (17) . 6. Guide bar according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the plated layers extending over the edges (14) and the bar body sides (17) .

Inventors: BALL STAN, BALL, STAN
Applicants: SANDVIK AB
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B27B17
IPC codes: B27B17