LINING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SPACES

Abstract: A procedure for lining spaces with high temperatures, in which the surfaces of the space are lined with fibrous lining material in which the fibres are mainly parallel with planes at right angles against the surface of the space. In the procedure loose, separate, plate-like fibre strips (1) are used which are disposed side-by-side relative to each other in installation position to form a transport/application package (2). The fixing compound (3) is applied as a layer upon the edges of the side-by-side strips advantageously over the whole area of one strip layer (4) of the transport/application package. From the package is taken a suitable bunch of strips treated with fixing compound, this bunch being pressed onto the surface of the space at the point of installation and compressed to suitable compactness, and one bunch at a time, of suitable size depending on the size and shape of the object of installation is taken of fibre strips treated with fixing compound, and the whole surface to be treated is lined.

Description: LINING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SPACES. The present invention concerns a procedure for lining spaces with high temperatures, as defined in the preamble to Claim 1, and a system for lining spaces with high temperatures as defined in the preamble to Claim 7. The state of art in the field of the present invention is presented in the finnish Patent 86668 and in the application prints DE 2709958 and DE 3533982. The procedures and systems of prior art are based on various modules and elements of standard size, which are suitably cemented, or in any other way attached, to the surface being lined. Since the surfaces which are lined are of greatly varying shapes in individual in¬ stances, one is invariably compelled to cut and shape the elements and modules. The manufacturing costs of different elements and modules are also rather high, particularly when they have to be produced in different sizes and shapes to suit different applications. Fur¬ thermore, prior art suffers from the drawback of incon¬ venient repairability and serviceability of the struc¬ tures because the entire element or module has to be replaced if part of it is damaged. The object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned. Specifically, the object of the invention is to disclose a novel procedure and system for lining spaces with high temperatures by the aid of which the lining work is fast, flexible and simple, independent of the dimensions and shapes of the surface which is being lined, in which the material cost is substantially lower than in prior art, and in which the repair and service operations are simple and easy to implement. Regarding the features characterizing the invention, reference is made to the claims section. In the procedure for lining spaces with high temperatures of the invention the most essential fea¬ ture is that no solid, large fiber strip bunches or other elements are used, but instead loose, separate and plate-like fiber strips are used, which are dis¬ posed side by side with reference to each other in installation position to form a transport/application package. This enables the fixing compound to be applied as a layer on the edges of mutually adjacent fibre strips, advantageously in one run on the whole area of one fibre layer in the transport/application package, whereby it becomes possible to take of the fibres trea¬ ted with fixing compound in each case an appropriate bunch of required size, which is pressed to adherence to the surface of the space at the point of installa¬ tion and pressed down to desired compactness. In this way, in the procedure of the invention, depending on size and shape of the object of installation, from the transport/application package is in each instance taken a bunch of suitable size of the fibre strips treated with fixing compound and these are pressed onto the surface to be lined,at the desired point. The system of the invention comprises trans¬ port/application packages of fibrous lining material strips in which the loose and separate fibre strips are packed tightly side by side to constitute a top surface of the package which is coherent of its edges and lev¬ el, this surface constituting the mating surface for the space to be processed by lining. Hereby, applica- tion of the fixing compound on the top surface of the package enables the strips to be taken from the package in suitable batches, of freely selectable size, and lifted out and affixed to the surface of the space to be treated which has to be lined. It is thus understood that in the procedure and system of the invention the transport/application packages are conveyed directly to the mounting site. where they are opened and cementing mortar or equival¬ ent fixing agent is applied directly on the edge sur¬ face of the fibre strips in the package, the treated fibre strips being aff :ed in suitable bunches directly to the object of installation. The procedure and system of the invention enable a highly flexible and fast lining process in which the need of cutting and shaping the lining mate¬ rial at the site of installation has been minimized. Furthermore, repair and servicing operations are simple in the system because large elements or modules need never be removed from the lined surfaces: it is merely necessary to remove any damaged strips and to replace them. In comparison with techniques of prior art, the procedure and system of the invention are appropriate, owing to their versatility and flexibility, to be ap¬ plied in all and any applications: it reacts elastical- ly to thermal expansion and suffers no heat damage, its mechanical strength both in contact and in gas flows is good, the convenience, fastness and ease from the pro¬ fessional viewpoint of its installation are in a class of their own, it requires no special tools and it is moreover competitive as to its price. The other advantages and various practical applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which the invention is described in detail, referring to the attached drawings, wherein Fig. 1 presents a fiber strip such as is used in the invention, Fig. 2 presents the transport/application package of the invention, Fig. 3 shows the transport/application package of Fig. 2 in use, Fig. 4 shows the base element used in the invention, Fig. 5 shows the use of the base element of Fig. 4, Fig. 6 presents a sectional view of a lining construe- tion according to the invention, Fig. 7 presents a sectional view of another lining construction according to the invention, Fig. 8 presents a sectional view of a third lining construction according to the invention, Fig. 9 shows a finished surface lined as taught by the invention, and Fig. 10 shows another finished surface lined as taught by the invention. Fig. 1 depicts the basic element used in the invention, i.e., one fibre strip 1 which is a body with the form of a rectangular parallelepipedon of e.g. 300, 450 or 600 mm length, 50 or 100 mm height and 10, 15 or 20 mm breadth consisting of fibrous insulating materi- al, appropriate in each particular case. As depicted in Figs 2 and 3, the fibre strips 1 are packed to form a transport/application package 2 in which the fibre strips, packed tightly side by side, form uniform fibre strip layers 4. The package may contain one or several courses, such as three courses in the embodiment of the figure. Advantageously, when the package comprises several fibre strip courses, at least one side 17 of the package can be opened so that at least one edge of the strip courses is exposed. Furthermore, advantageously, on the package have been provided dimensional markings 18, by the aid of which it is easy to take from the package fibre strip bunches of a given size, without separate measurement. As can be seen in Fig. 3, the fibre strip packages 2 are used by opening the package at least on the top side and by applying, at the immediate site of installation, on the top surface of the package a suitable fixing compound 3, advantageously over the entire top surface of the package, or over the topmost fibre strip course. Hereafter the top layer can be used by taking from it a fibre strip bunch of proper size in each instance and this can be pressed onto the surface which is being lined, at the desired point and in de¬ sired position. It is thus obvious that in the proce¬ dure and system of the invention no separate mounting tables or premises are required for material cutting or fixing compound handling: minor cutting operations that may be required, or shaping of the fibres, can be car¬ ried out in the fibre strip packing or not until at the place of installation, all wasting of material remain¬ ing minimal. In Fig. 4 is depicted a net-like base element 6, which can be used as mounting base for the fibre strips when the fibres cannot be attached directly to the surface which is being lined. In that case a base element 6, consisting of metal netting and having on its upper margin a perpendicular reinforcing flange 19 extending over its entire length, is affixed in any suitable way, e.g. by welding or bolting, to the basic structure, and the fibre strips are fixed upon the net. It is equally conceivable that on the rear face of the base element 6 is attached a steel plate 8, which can then be welded to a suitable framework 9, as in Fig. 5. The steel plate will thus constitute the outer wall of the space that is being lined. In Fig. 6 is depicted a lining construction according to the invention, wherein to the inner sur¬ face 20 of the space to be lined have first been at¬ tached plate-like base elements 6. To these elements has with a suitable fixing compound 3 been fixed a first fibre strip course 13, with the fibres substan- tially parallelling planes which are at right angles against the surface which is being lined. This first course 13 is comparatively thick and its heat resis¬ tance may be comparatively low. Upon the first course has been fixed with fixing compound 3 a second, some- what thinner fibre strip course 12, which has higher resistance to heat than the first course, and upon this course is fixed a third fibre strip course 11, so se- lected as to its properties that it will withstand even the highest temperatures occurring in the space which is being lined. ; In addition, mechanical auxiliary fixing mem- bers 10 have been provided in the insulation structure and fixed to the base element 6, these members extend¬ ing through all three insulating layers and ensuring adherence of the insulating layers to the base element. The construction also includes supports 14 extending through the insulating layer, from which e.g. electri¬ cal resistances 15 can be suspended. Advantageously, the supports rest on stays 16 consisting e.g. of re¬ fractory bricks, carried by the outermost insulating layer 11. This prevents the supports 14 from subsiding under the weight of the electrical resistances 15 and damaging the insulating material. In Fig. 7 is depicted another insulating structure according to the invention, wherein to the inner surface 21 of the space to be treated has first been attached a conventional mineral wool layer 22, and thereupon, two layers 11 and 12 of different thickness, which are fibre strip insulating courses according to the invention. This structure, too, comprises mechani¬ cal auxiliary fixing members 10 extending through the whole insulation thickness, by which the insulating materials are braced to the supporting structure of the space which is being lined. Fig. 8 depicts a third lining structure ac¬ cording to the invention, in which on the surface to be lined has first been installed a mineral wool layer 23, and upon this has been built a brick cladding 24 of refractory bricks. To this brick surface has been at¬ tached with fixing compound 3, for topmost insulating layer 11, a fibre strip course according to the inven- tion. The fibre strip course has furthermore been coat¬ ed with a surface layer 7, consisting of suitable re¬ fractory compound. In Fig. 9 is presented a finished lining con¬ struction implemented as taught by the invention, wherein the lining of a varying and multi-formed sur¬ face has been implemented using fibre strips of only two different lengths but of the same thickness and breadth. In this embodiment the first fibre strips 25 are e.g. 300 mm in length and the other type of fibre strips 26 is 50% longer, i.e., 450 mm. In this embodiment, around the aperture 27, short and long fibre strips have been used alternat- ingly one bunch at a time, so that the borders around the aperture become linked in a tight corner joint. Moreover, mechanical auxiliary fixing members 10 have been used in the marginal areas around the aperture, by which retention in their place of the insulating layers has been ensured. On the smooth wall surface the short¬ er fibre strip length has mainly been used, every time one bunch of strips with a breadth equalling the length of the fibre strip being fixed to the surface which is being lined, and thereafter one strip 28 transversal to the strips in the bunch being mounted on the end of the strip bunch, this strip 28 serving to seal and straigh¬ ten the package constituted by the strips, and to equa¬ lize the thermal movements in the structure. In Fig. 10 is presented a structural design according to the invention for insulating round-shaped surfaces. Since the individual, and separate, fibre strips are comparatively small, even a round-shaped surface can be lined for the greater part with whole fibre strips, while a minor part only have to be carved and cut off in order to fill every cavity. In the foregoing the invention has been de¬ scribed by way of example with the aid of the attached drawing, while various embodiments of the invention are feasible within the scope of the inventive idea delim¬ ited by the claims.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A procedure for lining spaces with high temperatures, such as heat treatment furnaces, in which the surfaces of the space are lined with fibrous lining material in which the fibres are mainly parallel with planes at right angles against the surface of the space, characterized in that - in the procedure loose, separate, plate-like fibre strips (1) are used which are disposed side by side relative to each other in installation position to form a transport/application package (2), - the fixing compound (3) is applied as a layer upon the edges of the side-by-side strips advantageously over the whole area of one strip layer (4) of the transport/application package, - from the package is taken a suitable bunch of strips treated with fixing compound, this bunch being pressed onto the surface of the space at the point of instal- lation and compressed to suitable compactness, and - one bunch at a time, of suitable size depending on the size and shape of the point of installation is taken of fibre strips treated with fixing compound, and the whole surface to be treated is lined. 2. Lining procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the strip bunches are fixed di¬ rectly with fixing compound (3) to a brick or compound surface (5) . 3. Lining procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface to be treated is coated or it is formed of a net-like base element (6), to which the strip bunches are fixed. 4. Lining procedure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the transport/appli- cation package (2) comprises a plurality of layers (4) of fibre strips (1), the fibre strips, one layer at a time, being treated with fixing compound (3) and fixed to the surface being treated. 5. Lining procedure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that to the lined surface is fixed at least a second similar fibre strip course in similar manner. 6. Lining procedure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that on the surface of the fibre strip courses is installed a face layer (7), e.g. a protective coating of refractory compound. 7. A system for lining spaces with high tem¬ peratures, such as heat treatment furnaces, said system comprising a plurality of separate, plate-like, fibrous lining material strips (1) in which the fibres are mainly parallel to planes at right angles against the inner surface of the furnace and which strips are fixed with fixing compound (3) to the surfaces of the space being treated, characterized in that the system com¬ prises transport/application packages (2) of strips, in which the loose and separate fibre strips (1) are packed side by side to form a coherent and smooth top surface of the package, which constitutes the mating surface for the surface of the space being treated in lining, whereby by applying the fixing compound (3) on the top surface of the package the strips can be taken from the package in suitable batches of freely select¬ able size and lifted out and fixed to the surface to be lined of the space under treatment. 8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the system comprises loose strip packages (2) in which the thickness and height of the strips (1) are constant, while the length of the strips varies in different packages, constituting a dimensioned inter¬ calation system. 9. System according to claim 7 or 8, charac- terized in that the system comprises a base element (6) of standard size comprising a metal netting structure constituting, fixed to the surface to be lined, a moun- ting base for lining material strips (1). 10. System according to claim 9, character¬ ized in that the base element (6) comprises a steel plate (8), to the surface of which the metal netting structure is fixed and which, fixed to a suitable frame (9), constitutes the outside surface of the space being treated. 11. System according to any one of claims 7- 10, characterized in that the system comprises mechan- ical auxiliary fixing elements (10) which, extending altogether or partly through the lining layer, brace the lining against the space which is being treated and/or against a base element (6). 12. System according to any one of claims 7- 11, characterized in that the system comprises a sur¬ face layer (7) of refractory material disposed on the surface of the topmost insulating layer (11). 13. System according to any one of claims 7- 12, characterized in that in the system are used, one upon the other, insulating layers of different thick¬ nesses and/or of different kinds as to their properties (11,12,13) . 14. System according to any one of claims 7- 13, characterized in that the system comprises supports (14) extending through the insulating layer (11,12,13) e.g. for electrical resistances (15). 15. System according to claim 14, character¬ ized in that in the topmost insulating layer (11) is embedded a support (16), e.g. a refractory brick, under the support (14) to inhibit bending of this support under load. 16. System according to any one of claims 7- 15, characterized in that the fixing compound used in the system for the fibre strips is a chemically, hy- draulically and/or thermally bonding, fast-curing and sufficient strength attaining compound so that the lined structures can be moved and transported to the sites of use . 17. System according to any one of claims 1- 16, characterized in that the side (17) of the ' trans¬ port/application package (2), in addition to the top cover, is openable so that all the strip layers (4) in the package become visible. 18. System according to any one of claims 7- 17, characterized in that the transport/application package (2) comprises dimensional markings (18) for facilitating the taking from the package of a strip bunch of predetermined size.

Inventors: VIERTOLA RAIMO, VIERTOLA, RAIMO
Applicants: VIERTOLA RAIMO, VIERTOLA, RAIMO
Application year: 1994
Main classification: F27D1
IPC codes: F27D1