Process and installation for packaging coffee

Abstract: A process for packaging coffee, comprising a grinding phase of the coffee coming from silos (1), a forming phase of flexible or semi-rigid containers (7) and a phase of filling such containers (7) with the coffee and subsequent sealing of the pack, in which, during the container (7) forming phase, the containers are preliminarily filled with gas and at the same time closed at their top, in such a way as to be able to be opened again immediately before filling, which takes place in an atmosphere controlled by means of a rain of gas, the gas used for preliminarily filling the containers (7) and/or for controlling the atmosphere during the container filling phase, is drawn from the coffee grinding plant. The invention also refers to an installation for putting such process into effect.

Description: The present invention refers to a process and a related installation for packaging coffee in hermetic semirigid or flexible containers, by means of the use of gas and without carrying out any vacuum creating operation. Usually, when grounds coffee is packaged in hermetic flexible containers, in order to keep the shape and to preserve the coffee, it is obligatory to carry out an operation to create a vacuum inside the container, so as to give it the necessary compactness and to allow the quantities of oxygen inside the pack to be kept low, which is an essential condition for ensuring proper preservation until the moment it is used. This process is extremely complex and requires very expensive systems, since it needs the coffee to be partially or completely degassed beforehand and to be left for a certain length of time in suitable silos. The said degassing can possibly be accelerated by washing with gas. After this the coffee must be packaged in rather complicated and expensive systems, since it has to undergo the vacuum process. Although this technique is rather expensive, it is very widespread, since it allows the coffee to be preserved well before it is used. However, once the pack is opened the quality of the product falls off very rapidly, since it absorbs the air outside and quickly tends to oxidize. There have also been proposals for non-vacuum packaging coffee, but in the presence of gas of the product itself. US-A-4 069 349 describes a process for packaging coffee in containers which are stored for a certain time so that substantially all of the gases evolving from the coffee evacuate the container and thereafter hermetically sealing the container. However, these techniques have proved to be unsatisfactory, since it is not guaranteed that the product will remain in a gas atmosphere, because it is usually introduced into the container in the presence of air. The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, by providing a process and relative installation for packaging coffee in a total gas atmosphere, thus ensuring excellent preservation of the product and the preservation of its qualities even after the pack has been opened for a considerable time. This aim is achieved, with the process according to the invention, by foreseeing the letting in of gas of the product itself into the container in its forming phase, such gas being conveniently recovered from the grinding plant, and by closing the pack temporarily, which is re-opened for being filled with the product, carried out to advantage in a gas atmosphere micro-chamber. In particular, the container is realized on a hollow mandrel with a squaring and welding system at the bottom and a creasing and spot-welding system at the top. During the forming phase on the said mandrel, the container is filled with gas through its cavity. In such a way, the container produced, when welded on the bottom part and spotwelded on the top part, is full of gas. The upper part of the container in this way is temporarily closed and foresees the escape of the gas during the traversing phase of the container to the filling plant, where it is opened by a sucker system. Alternatively, welding can also be foreseen on the top part of the container, to a thickness of 2-3 millimetres, in which case provision will be made for the upper edge to be cut immediately below such weld just before filling. Filling takes place in a controlled atmosphere micro-chamber, by means of a screw, whose discharge pipe is inserted into the container, which has previously been opened. The atmosphere is controlled with a rain of gas injected through special nozzles. Still in the said micro-chamber, the container is moved towards a plant for sealing the top part, which is then definitively sealed and folded. When the product to be delivered in the time set by the cycle is insufficient, a second screw can be installed to split the quantity delivered. The container is sized with a volume greater than the maximum volume of the coffee, in such a way that it leaves headroom sufficient to render unnecessary any compensation of the volume of the container, which, on the other hand, is an operation required in the case of flexible vacuum containers. The container is also provided with a degassing valve on the lid part, which allows the escape of the gas developed by the coffee. This allows two advantages to be obtained, which are: firstly, avoidance of any overpressure which may develop inside; secondly, a further reduction in the excess quantity of oxygen inside the container, since when this is mixed with the gas generated by the product it escapes by the exhaust valve. The gas used is drawn from the grinding plant of the coffee itself, thus avoiding the need to use subsequent purification systems, which are usually foreseen for eliminating the gases produced by the grinding plant. When the product used is in bean form, instead of powder, the screws can be replaced with hermetic weighing machines and the product can be fed by means of a special dispenser, also hermetic, and connected with the coffee grinders by special proof channels. Further characteristics of the invention will be made clearer by the detailed description given below, which refers to one of its merely exemplary and therefore not restrictive embodiments, illustrated in the appended drawings, and in which; figure 1 is a global diagram, of the installation for packaging coffee in a gas atmosphere according to the invention; figures 2 and 3 are a diagrammatic front view and a diagrammatic side view respectively of the hollow mandrel with a flow of gas for the formation of containers previously filled with gas; figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of the container filling and welding plant with a micro-chamber with a rain of gas. With reference first to the diagram in figure 1, a silo, shown with reference numeral 1, contains coffee in bean form, which is fed by means of a duct 2 to a grinding plant 3, from which the coffee in powder form is sent by means of a feeder duct 4 and dispenser screws 5 to a packaging plant 6, in which containers 7, previously formed in a plant 8, are filled with the product and sealed. In the forming plant 8, which will be described more clearly below with reference to figures 2 and 3, the containers are previously filled with gas drawn from the grinding plant 3, by means of a suction ventilator 9, which sends it to such forming plant 8 through non-return valves 10, 11, passing through a storage and expansion chamber 12, consisting of flexible hermetic containers. The expansion chamber 12 is connected upstream, by means of a pressure-reducing valve 13 and a non-return valve 14, to an external gas source, stored in cylinders 15, such as nitrogen or CO 2 , to compensate for any possible deficiencies in the system and to activate it in the starting phase. The gas coming from the grinding station 3 is also sent to the packaging plant 6, which then works in a gas atmosphere, as will be described below in detail with reference to figure 4. With special reference now to figures 2 and 3, it will be noted how the containers 7 are realized on a hollow mandrel 20, starting from a sheet material 21 with one or more layers, which passes on an upper guider roller 22, winds around the mandrel 20 and is pulled downwards by draft wheels 23 driven by a motor 24. The strip of sheet material 21 is closed around the mandrel 20 by means of rollers 25, thus forming a tubular form which is sealed longitudinally by a welding rod 26. Such tubular form is open at the top part of the hollow mandrel, so as to allow the passage of an inflow pipe 27 for the gas drawn from the grinding station 3, as shown with reference to figure 1. The container 7 is realized with a squaring system 30. The container undergoes a first transverse welding on the bottom 31 and, after gas is let into it through the tube 27, creasing and spot-welding at the top 32. This is followed by the cutting operation of the container by means of a cutting rod 33. In such way, the container which is made, welded at the bottom and simply spot-welded at the top, is full of gas and is transported to the packaging plant 6. Such plant, as can be seen more clearly in figure 4, comprises a micro-chamber 40 with atmosphere controlled with rain of gas, inside of which the filling and re-welding of the container 7 take place. In particular, a sucker system 41 is foreseen for opening the upper part of the container, in such a way that the discharge pipe 42 of the dispenser screw 5 can be inserted into it. The container 7 is then transferred to a sealing subplant 43, where the final re-welding on the upper part takes place, and then the container can be sent to be unloaded, drawn by special clamps 44. The atmosphere contained in the micro-chamber 40 is controlled by means of a gas rain injected through special nozzles. The micro-chamber 40 is then surrounded by a secondary chamber 50 with drawing off of excess gas. All the above operations take place in a controlled atmosphere, which ensures excellent product quality and preservation. In figure 4, inside the micro-chamber 40, a trimming plant 45 is also foreseen, serving to cut the upper edge of the gas-filled container, whenever the container has been welded in the forming plant 8, instead of being simply spot-welded. The container 7 is sized with a volume greater than the maximum volume of the coffee, so as to leave sufficient headroom. The container is also provided with a degassing valve on its upper part which allows the gas generated by the coffee to escape. Of course, filling the containers 7 with coffee in bean form can also be foreseen, and in this case the dispenser screw or screws 5 can be replaced by hermetic weighing machines, to which the product is fed by means of a special dispenser, also hermetic. With the process and installation according to the invention, the coffee introduced into the hermetic container 7 is surrounded by its own aroma. Therefore, when the container 7 is opened for use, the coffee always proves to be of the highest quality, which is maintained for a long time after opening too.

Claims: A process for packaging coffee in flexible or semi-rigid containers (7), comprising the following phases; forming a container (7) open at the top, around a mandrel (20) starting from a strip of sheet material (21) with one or more layers; filling the container (7) with coffee; sealing the upper part of the container by means of welding and subsequent creasing, characterized in that the said container (7), in the forming phase, is filled with gas and temporarily closed at its top, to be opened again later immediately before the product filling phase. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling of the container (7) with the product is carried out in a controlled gas atmosphere. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas used for the preliminary filling of the container (7) and/or for controlling the phase of filling the container with coffee is drawn from container silos (1) and from a grinding plant (3) of the coffee itself. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that the said gas drawn from the silos (1) and from the grinding plant (3) is passed into a compensation chamber (12). A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the said container (7) is temporarily closed at its top, after being filled with gas, by means of creasing and spot-welding, and is subsequently opened for filling with coffee, by means of a sucker system (41). A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the said container (7), after being filled with gas, is closed at its top by welding, and is subsequently opened by trimming before filling with coffee. An installation for packaging coffee, comprising: coffee container silos (1); a grinding plant (3); a filling and packing plant (6); a plant (8) for forming empty containers (7), characterized in that the said forming plant (8) comprises a hollow mandrel (20) through which a gas is fed, by means of a pipe (27) for preliminarily filling with said gas the container (7), which is temporarily closed at its top by closing means, and in that the said filling plant (6) is contained in a micro-chamber (40) with atmosphere controlled by a rain of gas and comprises means for opening the top of the container immediately before the product filling phase. An installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas for filling the container (7) in the forming plant (8) and/or for controlling the atmosphere of the micro-chamber (40), is drawn from the said silos (1) and grinding plant (3), with a possible intermediate compensation chamber (12) and storage cylinders (15). An installation according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the said micro-chamber (40) is contained in a secondary chamber (50) with drawing off of excess gas.

Inventors: GOGLIO LUIGI, GOGLIO, LUIGI
Applicants: GOGLIO LUIGI, GOGLIO, LUIGI
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B65B31
IPC codes: B65B31