HYBRID JUNCTION BOX

Abstract: The present invention hybrid junction box joins two or more external electric current carrying members within a vehicle electrical system and is comprised of a protective cover (31) and a protective housing which define a cavity therewithin where a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits (33, 37) are juxtaposed. The internal electric current carrying circuits may include at least one conductive deposited metal trace. Furthermore, a junction box of the present invention has a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits (35) which may additionally include a flexible printed circuit board (37). Moreover, a junction box of the present invention provides for use of a rigid printed circuit board and/or a busbar and insulator assembly in combination with either or both the conductive deposited metal traces and the flexible printed circuit board. The present invention is also comprised of various methods for electrically connnecting together the various combinations of the preceding internal electric current carrying circuits. The present invention further uses a jumper box interconnect to provide a programmed function within the busbar and insulator assembly.

Description: HYBRID JUNCTION BOX BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to electrical systems within automotive vehicles and specifically to a junction box electrically connected therein. Before the introduction of junction box technology, wire harnesses for each automotive vehicle had to be individually tailored for particular vehicle options. Wire harnesses were extremely complex, required complex and costly splicing, and necessitated high labor costs throughout the manufacturing process. With the introduction of junction boxes for connecting various wire harnesses together, the wire harness complexity and costs were reduced while the quality and reliability of the vehicle electrical system were enhanced. Two conventional constructions of internal electric current carrying circuits are known. The first uses alternating layers of conductive busbars and insulators. The busbars have male blades which protrude upward through slots in each insulating layer. Furthermore, external wire harnesses are connected directly to many of these busbar male blades. This first construction is generally shown in the following U.S. patents: 5,207,591 entitled "Branch Junction Box and Busbars for Branch Connection" which issued to Ozaki et al. on May 4, 1993; 5,160,274 entitled "Branch Junction Box and Busbars for Branch Connection" which issued to Ozaki et al. on November 3, 1992; 5,154,647 entitled "Electrical Junction Block for Automobile and a Method for Manufacturing the Same" which issued to Ishitani et al. on October 13, 1992; and, 4,850,884 entitled "Controller-Including Wiring Apparatus for Automotive Vehicle" which issued to Sawai et al. on July 25, 1989. The second traditional junction box construction consists of a plurality of printed circuit boards having male and female terminals projecting perpendicular therefrom. External wire harnesses and electronic modules can be connected to these various terminals. Such a construction is disclosed in the following U.S. patents: 4,689,718 entitled "Programmable Junction Box" which issued to Maue et al. on August 25, 1987; 4,703,397 entitled "Function Circuit Incorporating Type Wiring Device for Automobile" which issued to Minoura et al. on October 27, 1987; and, 4,135,226 entitled "Automatic Junction Unit" which issued to Kourimsky on January 16, 1979. Moreover, the busbar and insulator construction and the printed circuit board construction are shown combined within the inside of a junction box in U.S. Patent 4,355,853 entitled "Electrical Junction Box" which issued to Kourimsky on October 26, 1982. The preceding junction box designs have improved the reliability of electrical connections within the vehicle electrical system, however, these junction boxes have become increasingly complex to assemble, heavy and large due to the many added busbar and printed circuit board layers. Therefore, it is desirable to have an improved junction box that is relatively small, lightweight and of low cost while further having easy to assemble internal circuitry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, the preferred embodiment of a hybrid junction box for joining two or more external electric current carrying members within a vehicle electrical system is comprised of a protective cover and a protective housing which define a cavity therewithin where a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits are juxtaposed. The internal electric current carrying circuits may include at least one conductive deposited metal trace. Furthermore, the internal electric current carrying circuits of the present invention may additionally include a flexible printed circuit board. Moreover, a junction box of the present invention provides for use of a rigid printed circuit board and/or a busbar and insulator assembly in combination with either or both the conductive deposited metal traces and the flexible printed circuit board. A further aspect of the present invention is comprised of various methods for electrically connecting together the various combinations of the preceding internal electric current carrying circuits. Another aspect of the present invention uses a jumper box interconnect to provide a programmed function within the busbar and insulator assembly. The hybrid junction box of thVW Λ FUdescription and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the hybrid junction box of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the present invention hybrid junction box in an assembled state, taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of an aligned box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken within circle 3 of Figure 1 ; Figure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of an aligned box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken within circle 4 of Figure 1 ; Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of a jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken within circle 5 of Figure 1 ; Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the second preferred embodiment of the jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a sectional view of the second preferred embodiment of the jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of a jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken within circle 5 of Figure 1 ; Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the first preferred embodiment of the jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box of Figure 8; Figure 10 is a sectional view of the first preferred embodiment of the jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken along line 10-10 of Figure 9; Figure 11 is a perspective view of a female terminal projecting from a printed circuit board of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken with circle 11 of Figure 1 ; Figure 12 is a perspective view of a third preferred embodiment of a jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken within circle 12 of Figure 1 ; Figure 13 is a sectional view of the third preferred embodiment of the jumper box interconnect of the present invention hybrid junction box, taken along line 13-13 of Figure 12; and Figure 14 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention hybrid junction box of Figure 1 as used within an automotive vehicle electrical system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to Figures 1 , 2 and 14, a hybrid junction box 11 of the present invention is used for joining external electric current carrying members such as wire harnesses 13 within an automotive vehicle electrical system 14. Junction box 11 also has provisions for retaining and electrically connecting fuses 15 and relays 17. Additionally, various electronics and control modules, such as ABS module 19, may be joined to or integrated within junction box 11. An example of such electronics and control modules 19 are shown in U.S. Patent 5,040,168 entitled "Single Wire, Infrared, Randomly Reflected, Vehicular Multiplexing System" which issued on August 13, 1991 to Maue et al., and U.S. Patent 4,534,025 entitled "Vehicle Multiplex System Having Protocol/Format For Secure Communication Transactions" which issued on August 6, 1985 to Floyd; both of these patents have a common assignee with the present invention and are incorporated by reference herewithin. Junction box 11 serves to electrically connect wire harnesses 13, fuses 15, relays 17, and the various other electronics and control modules 19 through internal electric current carrying circuits 21. Accordingly, the preferred embodiment of junction box 11 is comprised of a cover 31 , a rigid printed circuit board 33, a busbar and insulator assembly 35, a flexible printed circuit board 37, a housing 39 and a support bar 41. As is shown in Figures 1 and 2, cover 31 is an injection molded dielectric part having a substantially flat central portion 51 defined by an exterior surface 53 and an interior surface 55 which are bordered by downwardly extending side walls 56. Fuses 15 and relays 17 are positioned proximate with exterior surface 51 of cover 31 and have conductive blades 58 protruding therethrough. Furthermore, central portion 51 contains at least one receptacle 57 for interface with a wire harness connector (not shown) or external control module (not shown). Moreover, a plurality of slots 59, defined by a rectangularly-shaped inside edge 61 , transversely extend through receptacle 57 and central portion 51. An angled wall 63 protrudes from interior surface 55 of cover 31 and is generally oriented in a similar direction to that of side wall 56. Angled wall 63 and the adjacent side wall 56 are separated by a channel 65. On interior surface 55 of cover 31 there are a plurality of conductive deposited metal traces 67 patterned thereupon; cover 31 acts as a substrate for these conductive deposited metal traces 67. In general, exemplary methods of producing deposited metal traces 67 onto a substrate are disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,853,277 and 4,797,508, both of which are entitled "Method For Producing Circuit Boards With Deposited Metal Patterns And Circuit Boards Produced Thereby" and are incorporated by reference herewithin. Each deposited metal trace 67 has a medial segment 69, which is adjacent to interior surface 55 of central portion 51 , and an angled segment 71 which is proximate with angled wall 63. Additionally, a plurality of honeycomb formations 73 project perpendicularly from portions of interior surface 55 of cover 31. These honeycomb formations 73 are rectangularly-shaped in a vertical direction, as oriented in Figure 1 , and are hollow therein. Each slot 59 usually extends through cover 31 coincident with each honeycomb formation 73. Cover 31 is made from Noryl PX1265 which is produced by General Electric Plastics. Rigid printed circuit board 33 has a first surface 75 and a substantially parallel second surface 77. Printed circuit board 33 also has a center portion 81 bordered by an angled end 83 and an upstanding end 85. Furthermore, printed circuit board 33 is folded back upon itself such that there is a top layer 87 and a bottom layer 89 which are oriented in parallel planes along center portion 81 and upstanding end 85. Top and bottom layers, respectively 87 and 89, are separated by a flat nonconductive sheet 90. An insulating substrate material 91 is stripped away from a conductive circuit layer 93 at an edge 95 of upstanding end 85. This provides for easy folding between top and bottom layers 87 and 89, respectively. Printed circuit board 33 also has electronics electrically mounted thereupon which serve as internal control modules 19 (see Figure 14). Top layer 87 of printed circuit board 33 is further comprised of a plurality of conductive paths 97 with a plurality of male blades 98, a plurality of finger terminals 99 and a plurality of female terminals 100 projecting perpendicular from said first surface 75 thereof. As can best be seen in Figures 1 and 2, each finger terminal 99 has a substantially straight section 101 soldered to top layer 87 of printed circuit board 33 and has an angled section 103 which extends in an offset fashion above straight section 101. Furthermore, a bead 105 is stamped centrally within angled section 103 to provide structural integrity. When cover 31 and printed circuit board 33 are assembled within junction box 11 , electrical connections are made between angled section 103 of finger terminals 99 and angled segment 71 of deposited metal traces 67. In a free state, each finger terminal 99 is biased beyond angled segment 71 of cover deposited metal trace 67 thereby ensuring that a reliable electrical contact is made. Moreover, when assembled, exposed conductive circuit layer 93 at upstanding end 85 of printed circuit board 33 are in biased electrical contact with corresponding deposited metal traces 67 in channel 65. Female terminals 100 serve to electrically connect and mechanically retain fuses 15 and relays 17. Center portion 81 of printed circuit board 33 is further provided with a plurality of slots 109 extending transversely therethrough. These slots 109 are defined by rectangularly-shaped edges 110 within printed circuit board 33. Also, a pair of battery terminals 111 project upward from center portion 81 of printed circuit board 33. These battery terminals 111 extend through apertures (not shown) located within cover 31. Bottom layer 89 of printed circuit board 33 also has a plurality of electricity carrying paths (not shown), a plurality of male terminals 121, and a plurality of female terminals 123. Male terminals 121 and female terminals 123 project perpendicular below a lower side 125 of bottom layer 89. Lower side 125 is coincidental to second surface 77 of printed circuit board 33. Referring to Figure 11, female terminal 123 is comprised of a pair of symmetrically- shaped stampings 127 and 129 which are soldered to printed circuit board 33. Each stamping 127 and 129 of female terminal 123 has a narrow stem 131, a pair of outwardly extending arms 133, a bulbus segment 135, a contact segment 137 and a lead-in segment 139. Each contact segment 137 is designed with an overbend such that when a mating male blade is inserted therein each cont&r segment 137 will compress inwardly against opposite sides thereof. Lead-in segment 139 and compressive segment 137 also have a relief slot 141 cut longitudinally therethrough. Busbar and insulator assembly 35 is located adjacent to second surface 77 of printed circuit board 33. This is best illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. Busbar and insulator assembly 35 is comprised of a container 151 having a base 153 surrounded by peripheral walls 155. Peripheral walls 155 are bordered by an edge 157 which is substantially open. Furthermore, an attachment structure 159 is integrally formed within portions of peripheral walls 155. Busbar and insulator assembly 35 is further comprised of a plurality of insulating layers 161 and a plurality of electrically conductive busbar layers 163, otherwise known as "frets." The alternating insulating layers 161 and busbar layers 163 are stacked within container 155 parallel to base 153. One or more busbars 164 are located within each busbar layer 163 and each busbar 164 has a substantially flat body 165 with a pair of upturned male blades 167 and 169 projecting therefrom. These busbars 164 are preferably stamped from a conductive metallic material such as hard copper or brass. Moreover, insulating layers 161 have a plurality of slots 171 transversely extending therethrough each being defined by a rectangular-shaped inside edge 173. Insulating layers 161 and busbar layers 163 are alternately layered on top of one another such that male blades 167 and 169 are juxtapositioned so as to extend through slots 171. Insulating layers 161 are made from a dielectric material such as Valox 732E which can be obtained from General Electric Plastics. Also, an omnidirectional busbar 175 is placed between an insulating layer 161 and base 153 of container 155. This omnidirectional busbar 175 has a plurality of L-shaped contacts 177 which extend through slots 178 in base 153. A majority of male blades 167 and 169 of busbar and insulator assembly 35 mate with female terminals 123 extending from second surface 77 of printed circuit board 33 when junction box 11 is assembled. Other male blades, such as those denoted as 179, are electrically connected to oppositely extending male terminals 121 which also project from second surface 77 of printed circuit board 33. Each male to male electrical connection is made through an aligned box terminal interconnect 181. As can best be observed in Figures 3 and 4, two differing preferred embodiment constructions are shown wherein each aligned box terminal interconnect 181 is comprised of a pair of stacked box sections 183 and 185 which are joined by a straight spine 187. Such aligned box terminal interconnects are generally known to one skilled in the rigid printed circuit board art as a method of making an electrical connection between male to male blades. In a further aspect of the present invention, other pairs of male blades, such as those denoted as 189 and 191, are electrically connected to one another by a jumper box interconnect 193. Jumper box interconnect 193 provides a programmed logic function to the circuits within busbar and insulator assembly 35. In other words, jumper box interconnect 193 allows for flexibility in the functionality of junction box 11. In certain embodiments, the engine, body and instrument panel functions controlled by busbars 164 can be combined by using jumper box interconnects 193. In other embodiments, the functions controlled by busbars 164 can be separated by removing jumper box interconnects 193. A first preferred embodiment of jumper box interconnect 193 of the present invention is shown in Figures 1, and 8-10. Jumper box interconnect 193 is constructed from a pair of box sections 195 and 197 with a bent bridge 199 therebetween. Furthermore, a structural bead 200 is formed within bridge 199. Each box section 195 and 197 is further defined by a pair of side walls 201 and 203 joined by a back wall 205 which, in turn, extends into bridge 199. A pair of flaps 207 and 209 wrap toward one another from side walls 201 and 203, respectively, within each box section 195 and 197. An S- shaped tongue 211 curves outward and is folded back from a bottom edge 213 of each back wall 205. When male blades 189 and 191 are inserted within their respective box sections 195 and 197, tongues 211 compress male blades 189 and 191 against the opposing flaps 207 and 209. Jumper box interconnect is made from tin plated C110 copper or beryllium copper. Referring to Figures 1 , 2 and 5-7, a second preferred embodiment of the present invention jumper box interconnect 215 is comprised of a pair of box sections 217 and 219 joined by a bridge 220. A structural bead 221 is formed within bridge 220. Each box section 217 and 219 is further comprised of a first side wall 222 and a second side wall 223 both of which are connected by a back wall 225. An outwardly facing wall 227 extends from first side wall 222 and defines a plane substantially parallel to another plane defined by back wall 225. Back walls 225 of each box section 217 and 219 are spatially interposed from one another such that each plane defined thereby is substantially parallel to each other. Furthermore, second side wall 223 has a pair of relatively small flaps 229 and 231 extending perpendicular therefrom and engaging a portion of outwardly facing wall 227 thereagainst. Each box section 217 and 219 also has a first and second tongue, respectively 233 and 235 compressibly juxtapositioned therein. First tongue 233 is folded inward from a bottom edge 237 of outwardly facing wall 227 and second tongue 235 is folded inward from a bottom edge 239 of back wall 225. Alternately, a third preferred embodiment of the present invention jumper box interconnect 241 is shown in Figures 2, 12 and 13. This construction is similar to that of the second preferred embodiment, however, a pair of tongues 243 and 245 extend inward from side walls 247 and 249. When jumper box interconnect 241 is mounted onto male blades 251 and 253, tongues 243 and 245 within each box section 255 and 257 compress against the flat faces of each male blade 251 and 253 thereby providing an electrical connection. When cover 31 and printed circuit board 33 are installed adjacent to busbar and insulator assembly 35, various male blades, such as those denoted as 163, will extend through slots 109 within printed circuit board 33 and through slots 59 within cover 31. Each honeycomb structure 73 also provides additional support to these adjacent male blades 163. Therefore, an external connector (not shown) such as one from a wire harness 13 or control module 19 can be electrically connected thereto. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, flexible printed circuit board 37 is comprised of upper and lower Mylar film sheets 261 and 263, respectively, having a conductive layer of thin metallic foil 265 therebetween. Metallic foil 265 is cut into individual circuits 267 for providing internal electric current carrying paths. Such a flexible printed circuit board is generally described within exemplary U.S. Patent 5,084,124 entitled "Flexible Printed Circuit Board and Coverlay Film and Method of Manufacturing Same," which is incorporated by reference herewithin. Upper Mylar layer 261 is provided with a plurality of orifices 269 which are defined by quadrilaterally-shaped inside edges 271 such that L-shaped terminals 177 of busbar and insulator assembly 35 can electrically connect and compress against the congruent circuits 267 of flexible printed circuit board 37. Flexible printed circuit board 37 also contains various electronics such as diodes 273. Housing 39 has a base 275 and a set of side walls 277 thereabout. Base 275 of housing 39 further has an exterior surface 278 and an interior surface 279 with a raised portion 281 extending thereacross. A plurality of conductive deposited metal traces 283 are patterned on interior surface 279 of housing 39. Housing 39 acts as a substrate for conductive deposited metal traces 283. Interior surface 279 of housing 39 and interior surface 55 of cover 31 define a cavity 285 therein. Flexible printed circuit board 37 is mounted upon interior surface 279 of housing 39. Additionally, a series of round openings 291 extend transversely through preselected portions of flexible printed circuit board 37 for alignment with a set of concentrically oriented pins 293 protruding from housing 39. Flexible printed circuit board 37 further has a peripheral portion 295 wrapped around an edge 297 which is created by a void 299 in a side wall 277 of housing 39. Various conductive circuits 267 are exposed at peripheral portion 295 for electrical connection to a wire harness connector 301 and, in turn, wire harness 13. A wrapped edge 303 of peripheral portion 295 is then trapped against exterior surface 278 of housing 39 by support bar 41. Support bar 41 further contains a set of snap fits 305 which is removably affixed to attachment structure 159 of busbar and insulator assembly container 151. Deposited metal traces 283 on housing 39 electrically interface with flexible printed circuit board 37 by a compressed conductive rubber pad 307. Such a compressed conductive rubber pad 307 is generally known to one skilled in the art for use in other applications. Alternately, orifices 309 located within bottom Mylar layer 263 of flexible printed circuit board 37 may provide direct electrical interface with deposited metal traces 283 of housing 39 by direct physical contact with one another. A schematic circuit diagram of junction box 11 is shown in Figure 14. A power source, such as a battery 321 , supplies power to junction box 11 through battery terminals 111 electrically mounted to printed circuit board 33 (see Figures 1 and 2). Internal electric current carrying circuits 21 within junction box 11 are designed as follows: a path 323 is part of a first electrically conductive circuit, is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 (see Figures 1 and 2) and electrically connects battery terminals 111 to a first fuse 325; a conductive path 327 is located within printed circuit board 33 and electrically connects first fuse 325 to a horn relay 329, path 327 is part of the first circuit; a path 331 is part of the second circuit and is located on printed circuit board 33 and electrically connects horn relay 329 to a first engine function 333; a path 335 is part of the first circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35; path 335 electrically connects horn relay 329 and a second engine function 337; an electrical path 339 is part of the first circuit and is located within the flexible printed circuit board 37 (see Figures 1 and 2), path 339 electrically connects horn relay 329 and a third engine function 341 ; an electrical path 343 is part of the first circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35, path 343 electrically connects battery terminals 111 to a second fuse 345; a path 347 is part of the second circuit, is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects second fuse 345 and a high beam relay 349; an electrically conductive path 351 is part of the second circuit and is located within printed circuit board 33, path 351 electrically connects high beam relay 349 to fourth and fifth engine functions 353 and 355, respectively; a path 357 is part of a third circuit and is located within printed circuit board 33, path 357 electrically connects high beam relay 349 and a sixth engine function 359; a path 361 is part of the first circuit and is located with deposited metal circuit traces 283 of housing 39 (see Figures 1 and 2) and electrically connects high beam relay 349 to a low beam relay 363; an electrically conductive path 365 is part of the first circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects battery terminals 111 to a third fuse 367; a conductive path 369 is part of the second circuit, is located within flexible printed circuit board 37 and electrically connects third fuse 367 to low beam relay 363; a path 371 is part of the third circuit and is located within flexible printed circuit board 37, path 371 electrically connects low beam relay 363 to a seventh engine function 373, an eighth engine function 375 and a ninth engine function 377; a path 379 is part of the third circuit, is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects low beam relay 363 to a heated backlight module 381 ; a path 383 is part of the second circuit, is located within deposited metal circuit traces 283 and electrically connects heated backlight module 381 to a first body function 385; a path 387 is part of a fourth circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35, this path 387 electrically connects heated backlight module 381 and second body function 389; an electrical path 391 is part of the third circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 67 of cover 31 (see Figures 1 and 2), path 391 electrically connects heated backlight module 381 with a third body function 393; a path 395 is part of the fourth circuit and is located within printed circuit board 33 and electrically connects heated backlight module 381 to a fourth body function 397; a path 399 is part of the first circuit, is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects battery terminals 111 to a fourth fuse 401 ; an electrically conductive path 403 is part of a fifth circuit and is located within printed circuit board 33, path 403 electrically connects fourth fuse 401 to an anti-lock braking system (ABS) main relay 405; a path 407 is part of the fifth circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35, path 407 electrically connects ABS main relay 405 to a first instrument panel function 409; a path 411 is part of the fourth circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 67 and electrically connects ABS main relay 405 to a second instrument panel function 413 and to an ABS module 415; a path 417 is part of the third circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 283, path 417 electrically connects ABS main relay 405 to ABS module 415; path 419 is part of a sixth circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35, path 419 electrically connects ABS module 415 with a third instrument panel function 421; an electrically conductive path 423 is part of the sixth circuit and is located within printed circuit board 33 and electrically connects ABS module 415 to a fourth instrument panel function 425; a path 427 is part of the first circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects battery terminals 111 to a fifth fuse 429; a path 431 is part of a seventh circuit and is located within flexible printed circuit board 37, path 431 electrically connects fifth fuse 429 to an ABS pump relay 433; a path 435 is part of the seventh circuit and is located within busbar and insulator assembly 35 and electrically connects ABS pump relay 433 and ABS module 415; a path 437 is part of the fourth circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 283 and electrically connects ABS module 415 to a fifth instrument panel function 439; an electrical path 441 is part of the fifth circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 283 and electrically connects ABS pump relay 433 and a sixth instrument panel function 443; a path 445 is part of the fifth circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 67 and electrically connects ABS pump relay 433 to s seventh instrument panel function 447; an internal electrically conductive path 449 is part of a sixth circuit and is located within deposited metal circuit traces 283, path 449 electrically connects an external wire harness 13 and, in turn, a tenth engine function 451, to a sixth fuse 453; a path 455 is part of the sixth circuit, is located within deposited metal circuit traces 67 and electrically connects sixth fuse 453 to a fifth body function 457 and a sixth body function 459; an internal electrically conductive path 461 is part of the sixth circuit and is located within flexible printed circuit board 37 and is electrically connected to a wire harness 13 which, in turn, is electrically connected to an eleventh engine function 463, power is then fed through path 461 to a seventh fuse 465; a path 467 is part of the fourth circuit and is located within flexible printed circuit board 37, path 467 electrically connects seventh fuse 465 with an eighth instrument panel function 469; a path 461 also supplies current from eleventh engine function 463 to an eighth fuse 471 ; and, a path 473 is part of the fifth circuit and is located within flexible printed circuit board 37 and electrically connects eighth fuse 471 with a seventh body function 475. Heated backlight module 381 and ABS module 415 are preferably integrated within junction box 11. Moreover, each engine, instrument panel and body function is connected to junction box 11 through wire harnesses 13. One advantage of the present invention is the combination of high, medium and low electricity current carrying layers. For example, conductive deposited metal traces 63 contained within cover 31 and lower housing 39 primarily carry a low current of approximately 1 -50 milliamps. The flexible printed circuit board 37 has an electricity carrying capacity for low and medium range currents. Such medium range currents may generally fall between 50 milliamps and 5 amps. Similarly, the printed circuit board 33 can handle low and medium range currents while the busbar and insulator assembly 35 can handle a high range of electrical currents of approximately 5- 40 amps. Therefore, the junction box 11 of the present invention provides a means for electrically interfacing the preceding electric current carrying circuits which have differing amperage range handling capabilities. While the preferred embodiments of this hybrid junction box and jumper box interconnects have been disclosed, it will be appreciated that various modifications may be made without departing from the present invention. For example, the present invention encompasses a junction box having conductive deposited metal traces therewithin. Furthermore, the present invention covers a junction box having flexible printed circuit board electrical conductors therewithin. Moreover, while a specific junction box having conductive deposited metal traces, a printed circuit board, a busboard and insulator assembly, and a flexible printed circuit has been disclosed, a junction box of the present invention may alternatively have any dissimilar paired combination of these electric current circuits therein. The junction box may also be oriented in any position and the internal layers may be stacked in a different order depending on the specific vehicle packaging requirements. Various materials have been disclosed in an exemplary fashion, however, a variety of other materials may of course be employed. It is intended by the following claims to cover these and any other departures from the disclosed embodiments which fall within the true spirit of this invention.

Claims: The invention claimed is: 1. A junction box for joining two or more external electric current carrying members within a vehicular electrical system, said junction box comprising: a protective cover having an exterior surface and an interior surface; a protective housing having an exterior surface and an interior surface, said housing being attached to said cover and defining a cavity therewithin; two or more electrical interfaces which electrically connect each of said external electric current carrying members to said junction box; a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits which are juxtaposed internally within said cavity defined by said cover and said housing, said internal electric current carrying circuits being electrically connected to at least one of said electrical interfaces, said internal electric current carrying circuits further consisting prevailingly but not essentially of any pair of the following: at least one conductive deposited metal trace, at least one flexible printed circuit board and at least one busbar and insulator assembly. 2. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said internal electric current carrying circuits further comprise a rigid printed circuit board. 3. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said conductive deposited metal traces are patterned upon said interior surface of said cover. 4. The junction box of Claim 3 wherein: said cover of said junction box has a central portion with an angled wall extending internally therefrom; said conductive deposited metal traces are further defined by a medial segment which is patterned along said central portion of said cover and an angled segment which is proximate with said angled wall of said cover. 5. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said interior surface of said housing has said plurality of conductive deposited metal traces patterned thereupon. 6. The junction box of Claim 2 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board has a conductive circuit layer and a rigid insulating substrate material thereof which define a plurality of conductive paths, said rigid printed circuit board further has a first surface and a second surface both of which define planes parallel to each other. 7. The junction box of Claim 6 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board is electrically connected to at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces. 8. The junction box of Claim 7 further comprising: a plurality of finger terminals projecting perpendicularly from said rigid printed circuit board, each of said finger terminals being defined by a substantially straight section which is electrically connected to said rigid printed circuit board and an angled section extending in an offset manner thereabove, said angled section being biased so as to electrically connect said rigid printed circuit board to said conductive deposited metal traces. 9. The junction box of Claim 8 wherein: at least one of said finger terminals project perpendicularly from said first surface of said rigid printed circuit board and are proximate to said conductive deposited metal traces which are patterned upon said interior surface of said cover. 10. The junction box of Claim 6 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board is further comprised of a top printed circuit board layer and a bottom printed circuit board layer which are electrically connected to one another and each of which define planes substantially parallel to one another. 11. The junction box of Claim 10 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board has a center portion with at least one upstanding end extending substantially parallel therefrom, said upstanding end has a portion of said conductive circuit layer exposed at an edge thereof. 12. The junction box of Claim 11 wherein: said cover has a channel formed thereacross with at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces juxtapositioned therein, said channel is aligned with said upstanding end of said rigid printed circuit board such that said exposed portion of said conductive circuit layer is in biased electric connection with said conductive deposited metal trace located within said channel. 13. The junction box of Claim 6 wherein: said first surface of said rigid printed circuit board has a plurality of conductive male blades extending substantially perpendicular therefrom. 14. The junction box of Claim 13 wherein: said cover has a plurality of slots which extend transversely therethrough, each of said slots being defined by a rectangularly-shaped edge; and at least one of said conductive male blades of said rigid printed circuit board first surface project partially through an adjacent one of said slots in said cover; and at least one of said external electric current carrying members being electrically connected to said conductive male blades of said rigid printed circuit board which project through said slots in said cover. 15. The junction box of Claim 6 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board has a plurality of female terminals extending substantially perpendicular therefrom, said female terminals each are defined by a pair of symmetrically shaped stampings each having a substantially narrow stem which is electrically connected to said rigid printed circuit board, a pair of outwardly extending arms, a bulbus segment, a contact segment and a lead-in segment thereof, each contact segment of said female terminals has an overbend thereto such that when a mating male blade is inserted therein each of said contact segments will compress inwardly against opposing sides thereof. 16. The junction box of Claim 15 wherein: at least one of said female terminals extend substantially perpendicular from said second surface of said rigid printed circuit board. 17. The junction box of Claim 15 further comprising: at least one fuse being electrically connected with said female terminals of said rigid printed circuit board. 18. The junction box of Claim 15 further comprising: at least one relay being electrically connected with said female terminals of said rigid printed circuit board. 19. The junction box of Claim 6 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board has a plurality of conductive male blades projecting substantially perpendicular therefrom. 20. The junction box of Claim 2 wherein: said busbar and insulator assembly has a plurality of insulating layers and a plurality of electrically conductive busbar layers, said busbar layers are alternately sandwiched between each pair of said insulating layers, said insulating layers each are substantially flat with a plurality of slots transversely extending therethrough, each of said busbar layers have at least one conductive busbar therein which is defined by a substantially flat body with a pair of upturned male blades projecting therefrom, said upturned male blades of said busbars each extend through at least one corresponding slot in said insulating layers. 21. The junction box of Claim 20 wherein: said busbar and insulator assembly is electrically connected with said rigid printed circuit board. 22. The junction box of Claim 21 wherein: at least one of said busbar male blades are electrically connected to at least one of a plurality of female terminals projecting from said rigid printed circuit board. 23. The junction box of Claim 21 further comprising: an aligned box terminal interconnect electrically connecting at least one of a plurality of conductive male blades projecting from said printed circuit board and at least one corresponding male blade projecting from said busbar and insulator assembly, said aligned box terminal interconnect being defined by a pair of stacked box sections which are joined by a substantially straight spine therebetween. 24. The junction box of Claim 20 further comprising: a jumper box interconnect electrically connecting a pair of male blades projecting from said busbar and insulator assembly. 25. The junction box of Claim 24 wherein: said jumper box interconnect is defined by a pair of box sections joined by a bent bridge therebetween, each of said box sections is further defined by a pair of side walls joined by a back wall connected with said bridge, said back walls are spatially interposed from one another such that each plane defined thereby is substantially parallel to one another, each of said box sections further have a pair of flaps which wrap toward each other from said side walls, each of said box sections also have an S-shaped tongue which curve outward and are folded back from a bottom edge of said back wall, said tongue of each of said box sections compress said mating male blade against said opposing pair of flaps when assembled. 26. The junction box of Claim 24 wherein: said jumper box interconnect is defined by a pair of box sections joined by a bent bridge therebetween, each of said box sections is further defined by a first side wall and a second side wall which are joined by a back wall connected with said bridge, said back walls are spatially interposed from one another such that each plane defined thereby is substantially parallel to one another, each of said box sections further have an outwardly facing wall which perpendicularly extends from said first side wall and defines a plane substantially parallel to that defined by said back wall, said second side wall has a pair of relatively small flaps which protrude perpendicularly therefrom and engage a portion of said outwardly facing wall thereagainst, each of said box sections also has a pair of tongues compressibly juxtapositioned therein where a first of said pair of tongues is folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of said outwardly facing wall and a second of said pair of tongues is folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of said back wall. 27. The junction box of Claim 24 wherein: said jumper box interconnect is defined by a pair of box sections joined by a bent bridge therebetween, each of said box sections is further defined by a first side wall and a second side wall which are joined by a back wall connected with said bridge, said back walls are spatially interposed from one another such that each plane defined thereby is substantially parallel to one another, each of said box sections further have an outwardly facing wall which perpendicularly extends from said first side wall and defines a plane substantially parallel to that defined by said back wall, said second side wall has a pair of relatively small flaps which protrude perpendicularly therefrom and engage a portion of said outwardly facing wall thereagainst, each of said box sections also has a pair of tongues compressibly juxtapositioned therein, where said tongues are folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of each of said pair of side walls. 28. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is comprised of a first film sheet and a second film sheet with a conductive layer located therebetween, said conductive layer of said flexible printed circuit board is divided into individual circuits therein, at least one of said film sheets has an orifice located therethrough defined by an inside edge thereabout. 29. The junction box of Claim 28 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is electrically connected to said busbar and insulator assembly. 30. The junction box of Claim 29 wherein: said busbar and insulator assembly has at least one terminal extending therefrom for electrically interfacing with the exposed portion of said individual circuits within said flexible printed circuit board adjacent to said orifice therein. 31. The junction box of Claim 30 wherein: said terminal projecting from said busbar and insulator assembly has a substantially L-shape thereof. 32. The junction box of Claim 28 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is electrically connected to at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces. 33. The junction box of Claim 32 further comprising: a compressibly electrically conductive elastomeric member being juxtapositioned between said exposed individual circuits of said flexible printed circuit board and at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces thereby acting as an electrical connection thereto. 34. The junction box of Claim 28 further comprising: at least one electronic component being electrically connected and affixed upon said flexible printed circuit board. 35. The junction box of Claim 2 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is electrically connected to said rigid printed circuit board. 36. The junction box of Claim 2 further comprising: a heated backlight module being electrically connected within said internal electric current carrying circuits. 37. The junction box of Claim 2 further comprising: an anti-lock braking system module being electrically connected within said internal electric current carrying circuits. 38. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is comprised of a first film sheet and a second film sheet with a conductive layer located therebetween, said conductive layer of said flexible printed circuit board is divided into individual circuits therein, at least one of said film sheets has an orifice located therethrough defined by an inside edge thereabout. 39. The junction box of Claim 1 wherein: said busbar and insulator assembly has a plurality of insulating layers and a plurality of electrically conductive busbar layers, said busbar layers are alternately sandwiched between each pair of said insulating layers, said insulating layers each are substantially flat with a plurality of slots transversely extending therethrough, each of said busbar layers have at least one conductive busbar therein which is defined by a substantially flat body with a pair of upturned male blades projecting therefrom, said upturned male blades of said busbars each extend through at least one corresponding slot in said insulating layers. 40. The junction box of Claim 39 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is electrically connected to said busbar and insulator assembly. 41. The junction box of Claim 39 wherein: said busbar and insulator assembly is electrically connected to said conductive deposited metal traces. 42. A junction box for joining two or more external electric current carrying members within a vehicular electrical system, said junction box comprising: a protective cover having an exterior surface and an interior surface; a protective housing having an exterior surface and an interior surface, said housing being attached to said cover and defining a cavity therewithin; two or more electrical interfaces which electrically connect each of said external electric current carrying members to said junction box; a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits which are juxtaposed internally within said cavity defined by said cover and said housing, said internal electric current carrying circuits being electrically connected to at least one of said electrical interfaces, said internal electric current carrying circuits further consisting prevailingly but not essentially of any pair of the following: at least one conductive deposited metal trace, at least one flexible printed circuit board and at least one rigid printed circuit board. 43. The junction box of Claim 42 wherein: said rigid printed circuit board is electrically connected to at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces. 44. The junction box of Claim 42 wherein: said flexible printed circuit board is electrically connected to at least one of said conductive deposited metal traces. 45. A junction box for joining two or more external electric current carrying members within a vehicular electrical system, said junction box comprising: a protective cover having an exterior surface and an interior surface; a protective housing having an exterior surface and an interior surface, said housing being attached to said cover and defining a cavity therewithin; two or more electrical interfaces which electrically connect each of said external electric current carrying members to said junction box; a plurality of internal electric current carrying circuits which are juxtaposed internally within said cavity defined by said cover and said housing, said internal electric current carrying circuits being electrically connected to at least one of said electrical interfaces, said internal electric current carrying circuits further comprising at least one conductive deposited metal trace thereof. 46. The junction box of Claim 45 wherein: said conductive deposited metal traces are patterned upon said interior surface of said cover. 47. The junction box of Claim 45 wherein: said interior surface of said housing has said plurality of conductive deposited metal traces patterned thereupon. 48. A jumper box interconnect for electrically connecting a pair of male blades in an automotive vehicle junction box comprising: a pair of box sections each being defined by a back wall with a first side wall and a second side wall extending perpendicular therefrom; and a bent bridge which electrically connects and mechanically joins said back walls together, said back walls being spatially interposed from one another such that each plane defined thereby is substantially parallel to one another. 49. The jumper box interconnect of Claim 48 wherein: each of said box sections further have a pair of flaps which wrap toward each other from said side walls, each of said box sections also have an S-shaped tongue which curve outward and are folded back from a bottom edge of said back wall, said tongue of each of said box sections compress said mating male blade against said opposing pair of flaps when assembled. 50. The jumper box interconnect of Claim 48 wherein: each of said box sections further have an outwardly facing wall which perpendicularly extends from said first side wall and defines a plane substantially parallel to that defined by said back wall, said second side wall has a pair of relatively small flaps which protrude perpendicularly therefrom and engage a portion of said outwardly facing wall thereagainst, each of said box sections also has a pair of tongues compressibly juxtapositioned therein where a first of said pair of tongues is folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of said outwardly facing wall and a second of said pair of tongues is folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of said back wall. 51. The jumper box interconnect of Claim 48 wherein: each of said box sections further have an outwardly facing wall which perpendicularly extends from said first side wall and defines a plane substantially parallel to that defined by said back wall, said second side wall has a pair of relatively small flaps which protrude perpendicularly therefrom and engage a portion of said outwardly facing wall thereagainst, each of said box sections also has a pair of tongues compressibly juxtapositioned therein, where said tongues are folded back in an inward direction from a bottom edge of each of said pair of side walls.

Inventors: MAUE H WINSTON, WOOLDRIDGE GEORGE A, MAUE, H., WINSTON, WOOLDRIDGE, GEORGE, A.
Applicants: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES AUTOMOTIVE, UNITED TECHNOLOGIES AUTOMOTIVE, INC.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B60R16
IPC codes: B60R16, H01R9, H01R12, H02G3, H05K1