Front loading washing machine

Abstract: Front loading laundry washing machine, of the domestic type, comprising a cabinet (1), a washing chamber (8) arranged within said cabinet (1), a basket (9) for the laundry and a washing agents distribution device (14), the basket (9) being mounted in the washing chamber (8) so as to rotate around a substantially horizontal axis, the cabinet (1), the washing chamber (8) and the basket (9) each having an aperture (11;12;13) in the respective frontal walls for allowing the loading and the unloading of the laundry in the basket (9), the three apertures (11;12;13), during the operation of the machine, being closed by a door (4-6), characterised in that the body of the washing agents distributor (14) is mounted on the frontal wall of the washing chamber (8), in correspondence with the respective aperture (12), and in order to face towards the inside of the basket (9) through the aperture (11) of the latter.

Description: The present invention refers to a front loading laundry washing, of the type described in the preamble of the annexed claim 1. As is known, domestic laundry washing machines can be of the top loading or front loading type, according to the arrangement of the opening for the loading and unloading of the clothes from the machine; the existence of two such categories of machines is due to various factors, from among which it is to be remembered the availability of space within the house, the aesthetic needs and, last but not least, the simple preference of the user for one type of laundry washing machine compared to the other. Generally laundry washing machines are made up of a parallelepiped cabinet containing a tub assembly; such tub assembly includes a container for the washing liquid, or a tub in a strict sense of the word, within which a basket for the laundry is mounted in a way so as to enable it to rotate around a substantially horizontal axis. In the case of the front loading machines the basket, of a cylindrical form, has an opening in its frontal wall, substantially coaxial to two openings respectively present on the frontal wall of the tub and of the cabinet of the machine; the laundry is thus loaded and unloaded in relation to the basket through such openings that, during the functioning of the machine, are closed by a door, generally of a circular shape. Inside the cabinet, appropriate means are provided for producing the rotation of the basket (electric motor, belts and pulleys), means for the supply and the discharge of the washing liquid from the tub (hydraulic conduits and one or more pumps) and a distributor device of washing agents, able to supply over determined times of the functioning cycle of the laundry washing machine the detergent or eventual additives inside the tub. In front loading washing machines of the known type, the detergent distributor, which is usually arranged in the upper part of the cabinet of the machine, has the form of a drawer with several distinct compartments, and has a conduit which connects the drawer vane with the upper zone of the washing tub. The drawing of the detergent from the distributor usually occurs by means of a water flow which conveys the detergent in the tub in a time varying within 60" and 120"; most of the detergent is of course drawn in the initial seconds and therefore the detergent concentration in water is initially very high. This detergent, that has not been able to dissolve, mixed with water, deposits in the lowermost parts of the tub, where the duct of the drainage pump, which for hydraulic reasons must be in the lowermost point of the hydraulic system, is arranged: this fact determines a undesirable detergent accumulation in the pipes. For solving such a problem, different devices have been proposed, which provide for recirculating a part of the accumulated detergent. See for example the contents of the patent documents DE-A-2.655.556 and IT-B1.082.306. Such solutions, even if they allows for a partial recovering of the wasted detergent, are often complex and inefficient. From DE-A-1.460.888 a front loading washing machine is also known having a detergent distributor mounted on the door of the machine, in order to face toward the inside of the latter. Another important problem, which is typical of known front loading laundry washing machines, is that relating to the difficulty discomfort in the loading and unloading operations of laundry; such a problem will be evidenced in detail in the following of the present description. The aim of the present invention is to solve the above cited problems and in particular that of showing a front loading laundry washing machine which is easy to use and efficient in operation; another aim of the invention is that of showing a laundry washing machine in which the problem of the waste of detergent is eliminated in a simple and economic way. These and other aims, which will better result in the following of the present description, are attained according to the present invention by a front loading laundry washing machine having the features of claim 1. Claims 2-15 concern advantageous embodiments of the washing machine according to claim 1. Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will result in being clear from description which follows and from the annexed drawings, supplied purely as an explanatory and non-limiting example, wherein: figure 1 schematically shows in a frontal view a front loading laundry washing machine according to the present invention; figure 2 schematically shows in vertical section a front loading laundry washing machine according to the present invention, in a first condition of use; figure 3 schematically shows in vertical section a front loading laundry washing machine according to the present invention, in a second condition of use; As can be seen from the cited figures, in the laundry washing machine which will be described with reference to a preferred, but not limiting, embodiment of the invention, the tub-basket assembly and the charging openings are substantially in a position being higher if compared to the front loading laundry washing machine according to the prior art. For a description of the means which allows to obtain such a substantial raising, reference can be made to the contents of the contemporary patent application having for title "SIMPLIFIED FRONT LOADING WASHING MACHINE" in the name of the same applicant. Here it is sufficient to specify that in such a contemporary application a laundry washing machine is described wherein the barycenter of the oscillating group (basket-tub-equilibrating masses) has been substantially lowered with respect to the laundry washing machine of the known type, with a contemporary raising of the group itself by a value being substantially equal to the lowering of the barycenter . The masses that combine to mainly place the cited barycenter , besides the tub, basket and motor, are the counterweights; in accordance with the contemporary patent application, said countenveights are brought below the tub, also allowing for the elimination of substantial obstacles in the area of the opening of the basket and in the area above the tub. In such a way, as there are no needs for a frontal counterweight, space in the frontal part of the machine is recovered: therefore in such area the distributor of washing agents can be housed, so making also free the upper part of the cabinet of the machine (which is already partially free by the absence of the upper counterweight). The space recover in the frontal part and in the upper part of the cabinet allows the raising of the tub group and, therefore, of the opening of the loading door, towards the most ergonomic position possible for a front loading machine. Finally, the space recover in the frontal part of the cabinet allows for the location of a support surface for simplifying the loading/unloading operations of the laundry, without however that the whole encumber of the machine exceeds that of the European-type machines according to the prior art. In figure 1, with reference number 1 the cabinet in sheetplate of the laundry washing machine is shown, of substantially parallelepiped form and of size in the order of the known front loading laundry washing machine of the European type (E.g. height cm. 85, depth cm. 55, width cm. 59); with reference numbers 2 and 3 a knob for the selection of the washing cycle and a knob for the selection of temperatures of the washing liquid are shown respectively; other command devices and displays (such as buttons, switches, lights, etc.) have not been represented in the figure for simplicity; with reference number 4 the loading door of the machine is shown in its complex, which has a generally flattened form (approximately triangular or elliptic) and a width being substantially greater than that of common circular portholes of the laundry washing machines according to the known art; the door 4 includes a frame 5 and a transparent central part 6, for example in glass, duly shaped towards the interior of the cabinet; the door 4 is furthermore equipped with hinges and with a door blocking device (these elements are not represented inasmuch they are of known realisation), for its opening in lateral sense. With reference number 7 a support surface is shown, being substantially central if compared to the frontal wall of the cabinet of the machine; the plane 7 is susceptible to assume two working positions, as will be illustrated in the following of the present description. In the figures 2 and 3 the laundry washing machine previously illustrated is shown in a vertical section, respectively in closed door and open door conditions (in figure 3 the door is not represented for sake of greater clarity). Reference number 8 indicates the washing tub of the machine, within which a basket 9 is mounted in a known way, with a horizontal rotation axis and placed in movement by way of an electric motor (not represented); with reference number 10 a dragging element is shown, apt at facilitating the movement of the laundry inside the basket 9; reference number 11 (see figure 3) indicates a circular opening being present in the frontal wall of the basket 9, reference number 12 indicates an opening being present in the frontal wall of the washing tub 8, while reference number 13 indicates an opening being present in the frontal wall of the cabinet 1 of the laundry washing machine. Reference number 14 indicates the body of a distributor for washing agents, that is integral with the frontal wall of the washing tub 8; in particular the body 14 is fixed on the lower edge of the opening 12, in order to directly protrude towards the interior of the basket 9; in the represented case the distributor 14 has in its upper part a flap 15. With reference number 16 a bellows seal is shown; the upper part 16' of the seal extends between the opening 13 of the cabinet 1 and the opening 11 of the basket 9, through the opening 12 of the tub 8; the lower part 16'' of the seal instead extends between the opening 13 of the cabinet 1 and the body 14 of the washing agents distributor. From a comparison between the figures 2 and 3 it can also be noted that the surface 7 has an articulation system 17-18-19, also it in itself known, that allows the surface 7 itself to assume two different positions: a rest position, (figure 2), in which the surface 7 is folded and housed in a suitable seat, in order that it does not exceed the frontal dimensions of the cabinet 1; a work position (figure 3), in which the surface 7 is raised and can thereby realise an ideal support for a container 20 of clothes to be loaded or unloaded from machine. In the seat of the surface 7, for example in the area shown with B in Figure 1, doors are located for an easy access to the functional elements of the machine; for example in C the door is shown that gives access to the filter of a pump, for its periodic cleaning, while in D the door is shown that gives access to an electronic control card of the laundry washing machine, in the case of maintenance. For having easy access to such doors, that are normally hidden from view, it is sufficient to bring the surface 7 in the position of figure 3. The washing agents distributor according to the invention may be realised in any known form and technique, naturally in the respect of normative in force. For example it can be provided with at least one conduit coming from the supply tube of the water mains to the machine and connected to the body 14. In the underside of such a body 14, in the portion that protrudes inside of the basket 9, openings sufficiently small for containing the detergent in powder can be provided, but permeable to the mixture that is formed in following the dilution of the detergent with the water coming from said canalisation. Thus, upon the opportune moment of the washing cycle, the programming device of the machine will allow for the opening of a solenoid valve, in such a way that a stream of water penetrates the body 14 and that the water-detergent mixture consequently formed, can flow directly in the basket 9 through said lower openings. Moreover it is clear that other forms and solutions are possible for the practical realisation of the washing agents distributor in the machine according to invention. For example the discharge of washing agents could be determined by overflow, by supplying the body 14 with water, until the water-detergent mixture in the meantime formed reaches a certain level and flows from the body 14 directly in the basket 9; in such a case, for example, the opening of the flap 15 could be caused by the same water pressure within the body 14. In the preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of the invention, the washing agents distributor is a type of "pouch" integral to the frontal wall of the washing tub and directly facing the interior of the basket. In agreement with such inventive idea, and to the abovementioned embodiment, the detergent can directly and swiftly reach between the clothes, preferably already diluted and in an optimal concentration: in this way the risk that the detergent in powder accumulates in the lower space between the tub and the basket is eliminated, following the via of the discharge duct, as on the other hand takes place in the traditional laundry washing machines. In other words, according to the invention, the washing agents distributor 14 has a function being very similar to that obtained with the use of containers, or so called "balls", which are inserted in the basket together with the clothes: such a function is moreover increased by the fact that, according to the invention, the detergent is not necessarily activated in the course of the first loading of water in the tub, as is the case with the said balls. The cited position of the washing agents distributor 14 is similarly convenient for the charging of the detergent and for the periodic cleaning of its container, that for this purpose will be at least in part advantageously removable. Furthermore, another advantage of the positioning of the distributor 14, directly facing the interior of the basket, is that in case of errors in the charging of the detergent, said detergent tends to fall inside the machine, and not on the floor as is the case with the machines according to the known art. Apart from the embodiment here described with reference to figures 1-3, the particular location of the washing agents distributor 14, also allows to remarkably simplify, from a practical point of view, the loading and unloading of the clothes. In the known art, for facilitating such operations, attempts have been made in order to increase the size of the basket opening, by enlargement; such a partial solution has also been demonstrated as unsatisfactory: in fact, the greater size of the opening of the basket determines a minor capacity of its frontal wall in its function of preventing the exiting of clothes, once the latter have been introduced in the basket or on the moment of opening the porthole, in the unloading phase of laundry from the machine. On the contrary, according to the invention it is possible to realise a very large loading opening 11 and thus allowing an easy loading and unloading of the laundry: the lower part of such opening 11 is obstructed by the washing agents distributor 14, that acts as a containing element in the moment of the extraction of clothes, while the upper part of the opening 11 is instead obstructed, in use, by the door 4-6. It is specified for this purpose that, from tests carried out, on the front loading laundry washing machine according to the invention, the ratio between the diameter of the opening 11 and the diameter of the basket 9 may be in the order of about 0,75, while in machines actually available on the markets, the ratio between the diameter of the opening of the basket and that of the basket is in the order of 0,55. It is also to be considered that, to in the case shown in figg. 1-3 the loading and unloading of clothes is greatly simplified also in virtue of the position of the openings 11-13, that are substantially arranged in the upper half of the frontal wall of the cabinet 1 of the machine, in proximity of the superior surface of the latter, and therefore in a position being as ergonomic as possible for a front loading machine. A further advantage of the arrangement of the washing agents distributor is that there are no problems in opening the door even in the presence of water inside the tub (naturally in respect of safety regulations), because the body 14 realises in practice a "bank", that raises in practice the lower edge of the opening of the tub, so minimising the risk of liquid loss. As it can be imagined, the functioning of the laundry washing machine according to the invention is very simple. For the loading of clothes, the user opens the door 4, for example by way of a suitable button present in the upper part of the cabinet. 1, and raises the surface 7, in order to carry the clothes container 20. Such situation is illustrated in figure 3. At this point the clothes can be introduced inside the basket 9, in very easy way, through the openings 11-13; just as easy is the charging of the washing agents in the body 14, after which the flap 15 is closed (the charging of washing agents can obviously also be carried out before loading the clothes). Once the clothes and detergent have been loaded, the user can close the door 4-6, initiate the washing cycle and eventually to fold away the surface 7; such situation is illustrated in figure 2. As with the known techniques the washing water will be loaded up to a certain level in the tub 8 and, at an appropriate moment of the operating cycle, the programming device of the machine will command the delivery of the washing agents through the distributor 14, for example in the ways described above. The water-detergent washing mixture flows directly between clothes contained in the basket 9 and the washing cycle proceeds in the known way, but in absence of wastes and/or accumulation of said agent on the bottom of the tub 8. Once the washing cycle has finished, the user can unload the clothes from the machine, something that may be carried out in a simple and easy way, opening the door 4-6 and making use of the surface 7. From the description the characteristics and advantages of the front loading laundry washing machine according to present the invention are clear. As mentioned, numerous variants are possible to the laundry washing machine subject of the present invention, regarding for example the shape of the door. As previously said, even the shape of the distributor 14 may be different from that illustrated as an example; advantageously the shape of the bodies of the distributor 14 and of the glass 6 can be chosen so as to be mutually completed, even with the purpose of favouring the correct and regular movement of the laundry within the basket.

Claims: Front loading laundry washing machine, of the domestic type, comprising a cabinet (1), a washing chamber (8) arranged within said cabinet (1), a basket (9) for the laundry and a washing agents distribution device (14), the basket (9) being mounted in the washing chamber (8) so as to rotate around a substantially horizontal axis, the cabinet (1), the washing chamber (8) and the basket (9) each having an aperture (11;12;13) in the respective frontal walls for allowing the loading and the unloading of the laundry in the basket (9), the three apertures (11;12;13), during the operation of the machine, being closed by a door (4-6), characterised in that the body of the washing agents distributor (14) is mounted on the lower edge of the aperture (12) being present in the frontal wall of the washing chamber (8) and in order to face towards the inside of the basket (9) through the aperture (11) of the latter. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that the body of the distributor (14) has a portion protruding in the inside of the basket (9). Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that the body of the distributor (14) operates as an element which impedes the exiting of the laundry from the basket (9) and/or the exiting of the washing liquid from the tub (8) when the door (4) is opened. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that means are provided for producing the discharge of the washing agents, contained in the body of the distributor (14), directly inside the basket (9). Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that the washing chamber-basket assembly (8,9) is suspended within the cabinet (1) so as that the aperture (13) in the frontal wall of the cabinet (1) extends to a great extent, and in particular completely, in the upper half of the latter, in proximity of the top plan of the machine. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that a support surface (7) is articulated (17-19) to the frontal wall of the cabinet, able to take on at least two positions: a test position (figure 2), in which the surface (7) is in a vertical position and in particular housed in an appropriate seat, so as that it does not overcome the frontal dimensions of the cabinet (1). a work position (figure 3), in which the surface (7) is in a horizontal position so as to function as a support, in particular for a container (20) of laundry to be loaded or unloaded from the machine. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that in the interior of the cabinet (1), in its frontal part (B), further functional elements of the machine are arranged and that in such part, on the frontal wall of the cabinet (1) one or more doors (C,D) are provided for facilitating the access to said functional elements. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claims 5, 6 and 7, characterised in that the support surface (7) is arranged downwardly with respect to the aperture (13) being present in the frontal wall of the cabinet (1) and in that the doors (C,D) are hidden from view when the support plane (7) is in the rest position (figure 2), while they are directly accessible when the support surface (7) is in its working position (figure 3). Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a seal is provided, the upper part of which (16') extends between the aperture (13) of the cabinet (1) and the aperture (11) of the basket (9), through the aperture (12) of the tub (8), and the lower part (16") of which extends between the aperture (13) of the cabinet (1) and the body of the distributor (14). Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterised in that the ratio between the diameter of the aperture (11) of the basket (9) and the diameter of the basket (9) is higher than 0,60. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading door of the machine (4) has a generally vertically compressed shape and in particular comprises a frame (5) and a central part (6) shaped towards the interior of the cabinet (1). Laundry washing machine, according to the previous claim, characterised in that the shapes of the body of the distributor (14) and of central part (6) of the door (4) are apt to be mutually completed, in order to favour the correct and regular movement of the laundry within the basket (9). Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claim 4, characterised in that in the lower part of the body of the distributor (14), in particular in its portion protruding inside of the basket (9), openings are provided for the discharge of the water-washing agents mixture, said openings being in particular sufficiently small for containing the powder detergent, but permeable to the mixture that is formed in following the dilution of the detergent with the water. Front loading laundry washing machine, according to claims 4, characterised in that the discharge of the washing agents is determined by overflow, by supplying the body of the distributor (14) with water until the water-detergent mixture in the meantime formed reaches a certain level and flows as a consequence directly in the basket (9). Front loading washing machine, according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised in that the washing agents distributor (14) is at least partly removable.

Inventors: BONGINI DINO, DURI SANDRO, STOPPONI ANDREA, BONGINI, DINO, DURI, SANDRO, STOPPONI, ANDREA
Applicants: MERLONI ELETTRODOMESTICI SPA, MERLONI ELETTRODOMESTICI S.P.A.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: D06F39
IPC codes: D06F39, D06F37