Trigger sprayer

Abstract: A dispensing pump for attachment to a supply container (12). The operating lever (150) has a rigid leg (154) with a distal end (156) for brushing an extension or nose (88) of a tubular vent seal (82). Each time the operating lever is triggered, a lip portion (86) of the tubular vent seal (82) is lifted and ambient air admitted into the container (Fig.3).

Description: Field of the Invention The invention relates to a dispensing pump for attachment to a supply container having a mouth according to the preamble of claim 1. Such sprayers comprise a trigger-operated pump that pumps liquid, such as a cleaner, up through a dip tube out of the container to discharge through an appropriate orifice. More specifically, this invention relates to a trigger sprayer in which the pump is a bellow worked by the trigger. The invention further relates to vent means for permitting air to pass from the outside into the container to take the place of the removed liquid and equalize internal air pressure with the outside. Background of the invention A dispensing pump of the kind referred to above is known from US-A 4,230,277. In US-A 4,230,277, a trigger lever is arranged to actuate a piston and a rod which depresses an elastic packing at the end of it's stroke. Therefore, the seal is broken and venting air admitted only at the end of the stroke. In US-A 3,726,442 a pump housing is provided with three members connected together which include a plate portion adapted to be mounted to a threaded cap member, a first swingable member pivoted to the plate portion and a second swingable member which has the form of an operating lever and is pivoted to the first swingable member. A bubble portion is mounted to the plate portion and can be acted upon by the first swingable member when the second swingable member, is pulled. The first swingable member also has a rod member co-operating with a vent valve to lower it and to allow vent air to pass into the container. The stroke of the rod member is nearly the same as the stroke of the first swingable member onto the bubble portion and is nearly in a collinear direction to the axis of the vent valve. Such strong movements are not favourable for venting purposes. The prior art includes a large number of trigger sprayers in which the pump means is a bellow. A number of these references provide hinged triggers, each having a leg which engages and works a bellow pump when the trigger is pulled. Examples are US-A 3,986,644, US-A 4,138,038, US-A 4,155,487, US-A 4,204,614 and FR-A 2,461,530. The latter document shows an operating lever with a unitary rigid leg which has a nose at it's end to open and close the vent when the lever is not operated. The sealing effect of such means is not always satisfactory. 3. Summary of the Invention The present invention contemplates an effective economical trigger sprayer having a minimum number of parts and a large number of desirable features. The invention is defined in claims 1 and 10. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the trigger sprayer housing encloses a bellows pump for pumping liquid up from the container on which it is mounted and out a suitable discharge orifice at the front of the housing. To the discharge end or front of the housing is secured a front component including an orifice plate to which is hinged by "living" hinges a sealed door for the orifice and a trigger lever with a rigid leg for working the bellows and opening a vent passage. The front component is integrally formed of molded plastic to give a simple single piece including appropriately aligned elements. It includes integral fasteners for securing it to the housing. The invention also contemplates a vent passage which is operated by the rigid leg integral with the trigger lever. The housing is structured to be mounted on the container and give the assembly a usually low profile. Brief Description of the Drawings Other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from a review of the following specification and the accompanying drawings in which: Fig.1 is an elevational view of a trigger sprayer embodying the invention mounted on a container; Fig.2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view cut through the center line of the housing and container; Fig.2a is a fragmentary sectional view of a modified gasket and lower part; Fig.3 is a view similar to Fig.2 but showing the trigger lever being squeezed to work the bellows pump and open the vent; Fig.4 is a front fragmentary elevational view of the housing mounted on a container and prior to having it's front component joined to the housing; Fig.5 is an exploded perspective view showing the front component and housing; Fig.6 is an exploded view showing various parts of the sprayer including some of the parts which attach the housing to a container, and the bellows; and Fig.7 is a greatly enlarged exploded fragmentary section of the front of the housing showing the front end parts prior assembly. Description of the Preferred Embodiment A complete dispenser embodying the invention is shown in Fig.1 and generally designated 10. It comprises a container 12 having a threaded finish 14 (Fig.2). Usually the container will be blow-molded polyethylene. Other container shapes are, of course, envisioned. Screwed onto the container is the trigger sprayer assembly 16 which comprises a housing 18 and a screw cap 20 adapted to engage the threaded finish 14. A front end component 22 is secured to the front or discharge end of the housing. The housing 18 is a plastic molded piece comprising side walls 24, only one of which is shown in the sectional view (Fig.2). Joining the side walls is a top wall 26 having a longitudinal recess 28 having a floor 30 spaced below which is an intermediate wall 32 running to side walls 24, the walls 30 and 32 defining a horizontal passage 34 to the rear end of which is joined a perpendicular downward vertical product tube 36. The opening in the lower end of tube 36 is enlarged to present a downward annular shoulder which may be grooved to permit passage of product through the tube even when the ball 75 (to be described) is up. The intermediate wall 32 is formed intermediate the tube 36 and the discharge end of the housing with a large downward opening 38 communicating with passage 34. Surrounding the opening is a downward rim 40 and outside it is an annular wall 42 having a reduced lower end presenting thereinside a downward shoulder 44. A resilient bowl-shaped bellows 46 (Fig.7) is provided and has an inward enlargement 48 around it's mouth. The rim 40 is deformed outward to clamp the enlargement 48 in position. An outward rib 50 on the bellows fits against the shoulder 44 and the lower end of wall 42 is staked in at 52 to secure the bellows. Integral with the housing and rearward of the bellows 46 is the downward annular support wall 54 (Fig.2) serrated at it's lower end. It concentrically circumposes the vertical tube 36. The wall 54 is formed with a longitudinal slot 56 from it's lower end facing the front of the housing. Inward of the wall 54 is a short concentric annular seal stabilizing wall 58. A tubular support 60 or retainer is provided. It terminates downwardly in an outward flange 62. The top wall of the cap 20 is apertured to encircle the lower end of the tubular support 60. The flange 62 in assembly with the container 12 is clamped by the partial top wall of the cap 20 against the top of the finish 14. The tubular support 60 or retainer has a primary tubular upward wall 64 concentric but of reduced diameter with respect to flange 62. Wall 64 telescopes inside the downward annular support wall 54 of the housing and has a longitudinal slot 65 from it's upper end toward the front of the housing. Slot 65 aligns with the slot 56 in the wall 54. An outer concentric wall 66 of the tabular support 60 is internally serrated and in assembly the downward wall 54 of the housing 18 slides inside the wall 66 and is held there by the serrations. The tubular support also has radial inward ribs 68 which extend across to support a tubular coupling 70, the lower part 72 of which receives the customary dip tube 74 and the upper part 76 narrows and is received into the enlarged lower end of the product tube 36 of the housing. The enlargement of the tube 36 provides an operating chamber for a check ball 75 which normally sits on the top of the upper part 76 to prevent backflow of product. The ribs 68 permit between them axial passage of vent air. Externally the lower part 72 is longitudinally slotted as at 73 and there is a sealing gasket 80 provided, the perimeter of which is sandwiched between the flange 62 and the top of the finish. The central opening in the gasket closely hugs the lower part 72. Vent air, when the assembly is vented, can pass between the ribs 68 and through the slots between the lower part 72 and the gasket 80. Alternatively the ribs 68 are replaced by a wall (not shown) radially across the structure. The wall may have a single aperture preferably at a position remote from the trigger 150 so that when the sprayer is tipped forward, product will not find it's way easily to the aperture and leak out during venting. Fig.2a shows a modified lower part 72 and gasket 80 in which the hole in the gasket may be triangular or other shape to permit venting without permitting liquid product to easily find it's way out. A vent seal 82 is provided and formed with an outward peripheral outward flange 84 at it's upper end (Fig.6). The seal, which may be made of a resilient elastic material, has a tubular body with an outward lip 86 at it's lower end adapted to engage about the inside of the wall 64 below the slot 65. The seal is also formed with a laterally outward nose 88 which has a beveled-off so that it's upper end extends out from the body of the seal farther than the upper end. In assembly the vent seal 82 is inserted into the wall 64 (Fig.2) and receives stabilizing wall 58. In further assembly as described already, the wall 54 is brought down over the wall 64. Serrations as shown help hold the parts together . The slots 56 and 65 in walls 54 and 64 are aligned and provide ample passage of the radial nose 88. Nose 88 extends out beyond the wall of the boss 50 as shown in Fig.2. The intermediate wall 32 clamps the seal flange 84 against the top of the wall 64. The housing is formed with a front discharge end wall 104. The wall 104 (Fig.3, Fig.4) is formed with a flat vertical front face, and an annular groove or socket 106 is formed about the opening 108 where the passage 34 emerges in the face. The opening 108 is enlarged at the front end to present an annular shoulder 110. Above the enlargement there is a circular V-shaped groove formed which defines a round stud 114 in the front wall 104 inside the annular socket 106. The annular groove 106 is undercut for the purposes of securing to the discharge end the front end component 22. Component 22 comprises the orifice plate 120 formed with an integral ring 122 on it's rear face. The ring slopes slightly toward it's axis and into the groove 106. Within the ring the rear face of the plate 120 is formed with a rearward stud 124 aligned with the opening 108. In assembly a resilient valve disc 126 (Figs.5,7) is disposed against the shoulder 110. The front end component 22 is maneuvered so that ring 122 is inserted into the annular groove 106. When the rim of the ring 122 snaps into the undercut in the annular groove 106 and the plate 120 is thereby held tight against the flat front end 104 of the housing. The stud 124 sandwiches the disc 126 between it and the shoulder 110 to form a check valve limiting flow of liquid backward through the tube 34. The plate 120 is additionally formed with an hour-glass-shaped orifice 130 (fig.7) and the plate is provided with a rearward cup-shaped wall 132 which, in assembly, fits about the stud 114 with it's walls received into and plugging the annular V-shaped groove. When the plate 120 is in place, the wall 132 and the conical rear surface adjacent orifice 130 forms a swirl chamber 131 for discharging product. Entrance to the chamber is through the interruption 132a in wall 132 which is accessible to the product because the frontal area of the front 104 inside the socket 106 is set back at 134 (Fig.7). Comprising component 22 the plate 120 has door 133 attached to it by means of an integral "living" hinge 135. As shown, the front of the plate 120 is formed with forwardly projecting sides 136 (only one shown in Fig.7) to form a door-receiving recess and retainer. The top of the recess is beveled as at 138 and the door is complimentary shaped as at 140. Further, the door is formed with a sealing bump 142 and a hold-open head 144. Thus, the door 133 has two extreme positions. In one the door 133 may be hinged all the way back against the top wall 26 (Fig.2) so that the head 144 snaps into recess 28 thereby holding the door in the open position. In the other, the door 133 may be brought down so that it wedges or snaps between the side walls 136 in the door receiving recess. The sealing bump 142 in this position closes the orifice 130 and seals it. A third component of the integrally molded front component 22 is, of course, the trigger lever 150 (Fig.29. The lever is connected to the orifice plate 120 by a second "living" hinge 152. The lever 150 is formed on it's rearward side with a rigid unitary leg 154. The leg is formed with an upper surface which engages the bottom of the bellows 46. The leg 154 extends rearward and terminates in a shoe 156 which includes an outward rear surface. This extension of the leg serves two functions. It may engage the top of the cap 20 and provides a stop, precluding further outward movement of the lever; that is, it prevents further clockwise rotation of the lever about the hinge 152 much beyond that shown in Fig.2. This protects the hinge 152 against overstress. Secondly, the shoe 156, when the lever 150 is squeezed against the container 12, will swing up to engage and depress the nose 88 (Fig.3). This will distort the seal 82 pushing it's lip 86 away from engagement with the inside of the wall 64 and permit air to vent inside wall 64, through the slots 73 in lower part 72 and into container 12. The operation of the lever has already been partly explained, namely to open the vent to permit air to the container. The more important and well known purpose of the lever 150 is accomplished as it's leg 154 pushes upward on the bottom of the bellows 46 (Fig.3). This reduces the volume in the bellows and, accordingly, increases pressure in the passage 34 and tube 36. Because the check valve 75 is seated on the top of the upper part 76, there can be no downward escape of pressurized liquid. Thus, the liquid moves past the check disc 126, flexing it's perimeter forward. The exiting liquid moves from the enlargement of the opening 108 through the interruption 132a and tangentially into the swirl chamber 131 and, swirling ever faster, out the orifice in the form of a spray. Towards the end of this squeezing stroke of the lever 150 the shoe 156 on the end of the leg 154 depresses nose 88 distorting the seal 82 as described to permit air to vent past the lips 86. When the lever 150 is subsequently released, the resilience of the bellows 46 restores it to it's Fig.2 shape enlarging the volume of the bellows and drawing liquid up the tube 36. This induces the raising of the check ball 75 (not shown in raising position), drawing liquid up from the container 12. Liquid must be drawn up because the frontal valve disc 126 blocks rearward flow from the frontal area of the housing. Repetition of the squeezing of the lever 150 toward the container will result in a plurality of successive emissions of the liquid product out the orifice 130. The orifice can be restructured if desired so that the emissions are in the form of a foam or stream.

Claims: A dispensing pump for attachment to a supply container (12) having a mouth (14), comprising a) a pump housing (18) having a discharge end (104) with an outlet (130) and a mounting end (54), the mounting end including a downward tubular support body (20, 60) adapted to communicate with and be sealingly (80) secured to the mouth (14) of the container (12), b) passage means (34, 36) in the pump housing (18) extending from the outlet (130) in the discharge end (104) toward the mounting end (54) and into the support body (20, 60) and terminating in a downward dip tube inlet means (74) adapted to extend into the container (12), c) pump means (46, 75, 126) in the housing (18) and connected in the passage means (34, 36) d) an operating lever (150) pivotable toward the support body (20, 60) from an extended position to a retracted position for engaging and operating the pump means (46) when the lever (150) is pivoted, e) discharge means (22) attached to the pump housing (18) at the discharge end (104), and f) venting means (56,65,82) for admitting ambient air into the container (12) when the lever (150) is pivoted, the venting means including a vent opening (56, 65) formed in the downward annular wall of said mounting end (54, 60) and a tubular vent seal (82), characterized in that said vent seal (82) is formed with a nose or projection (88) extending through the vent opening (54, 65), toward the discharge end (104) and in that the operating lever (150) has a unitary leg (154), rigidly connected thereto, which is arranged to operate the pump means (46) and has a distal end with a rear surface adapted to laterally engage and brush the projection (88) on the vent seal (82) when the lever (150) is pivoted to the retracted position so as to move the projection (88) and distort the vent seal (82) to permit the venting of air into such container (12). The dispensing pump of claim 1 wherein the tubular support body (20, 60) includes a threaded element (20) to secure it to the container (12), the threaded element (20) partly defined by an outward surface which is engaged by the leg (154) near said distal end (156) to limit the movement of the lever (150) in the extended position. The dispensing pump of claim 1 or 2 wherein the pump means includes a resilient bellow (46) which biases the lever (150) in the extended position. The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the resilient bellow is arranged in the passage means (34, 36) between an outlet check valve (126) and an inlet check valve means (75). The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the mounting end (54) and the tubular support body (60) comprise a pair of telescoped overlapping fixed-together elements (54, 66) and the vent opening (56, 65) extends through both elements where they overlap. The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the tubular vent seal (82) is a resilient element having an upper (84) and a lower (86) end, which are respectively in sealing engagement above and below the vent opening (56, 65), when the operating lever (150) is in it's extended position. The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the nose or projection (88) of the vent seal (82) is an outward lug having a beveled surface. The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 7 wherein said discharge means (22) and said operating lever (150) form an integrally molded front component connected together by a web portion (152) forming a hinge for the operating lever (150). The dispensing pump of any of claims 1 to 8 wherein said discharge means (22) comprises a plate (120) having means (122) for being held tightly against the discharge end (104) and mounting said operating lever (150) to said housing (18). A method of venting a trigger sprayer container (12) in connection with a dispensing pump comprising a) a pump housing (18) having a discharge end (104) with an outlet (130) and a mounting end (54), the mounting end including a downward tubular support body (20, 60) adapted to communicate with and be sealingly (80) secured to the mouth (14) of the container (12), b) passage means (34, 36) in the pump housing (18) extending from the outlet (130) in the discharge end (104) toward the mounting end (54) and into the support body (20, 60) and terminating in a downward dip tube inlet means (74) adapted to extend into the container (12), c) pump means (46, 75, 126) in the housing (18) and connected in the passage means (34, 36) d) an operating lever (150) pivotable toward the support body (20, 60) from an extended position to a retracted position for engaging and operating the pump means (46) when the lever (150) is pivoted, e) discharge means (22) attached to the pump housing (18) at the discharge end (104), and f) venting means (56,65,82) for admitting ambient air into the container (12) when the lever (150) is pivoted, the venting means including a vent opening (56, 65) formed in the downward annular wall of said mounting end (54, 60) and a tubular vent seal (82), characterized by the steps of: g) providing the vent seal (82) with an integral actuator (88) extending through the vent opening (56, 65) in a direction toward the lever (150), h) providing the lever (150) with a distal end (156) which extends toward the tubular support (60) and to the actuator (88) and has a rear surface, and i) brushing said actuator (88) by engagement with said rear surface of said lever distal end (156) so as to distort said vent seal (82) and permit the venting of air into the container (12).

Inventors: VON SCHUCKMANN ALFRED, VON SCHUCKMANN, ALFRED
Applicants: OWENS ILLINOIS CLOSURE INC, OWENS-ILLINOIS CLOSURE INC.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B05B11
IPC codes: B05B1, B05B11