UNIVERSAL ROTARY POWER-GENERATING MACHINE

Abstract: The invention refers to a universal rotary power-generating machine that turns the pressure energy of fluids directly into mechanical or electric energy, depending on the demand, or changes the state parameters of the working fluid so that the operating principle, the construction form, and the efficiency may not undergo significant modifications when the working fluid (water, air, steam, gases, exhaust or exit gases, oil or combinations of such fluids) is changed. The technical problem solved by the invention is the development of a multifunctional URPM of simple and rugged construction, balanced, compact, reliable, with uniform running, having an improved efficiency as compared with existing power-generating machines, which reduces the speeding-up and braking times under 1.5 s (from 0 rpm to max rpm or from max rpm to 0 rpm) by the mere closing of the general supply valve for the working fluid, without a separate braking system being required.

Description: Specification UNIVERSAL ROTARY POWER-GENERATING MACHINE 10 HELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a universal rotary power-generating machine (URPM) which transforms the pressure energy of certain working fluids into mechanical 15 or electric energy, depending on the demand, or changes the state parameters of the working fluid so that the operating principle, the construction form, and the efficiency may not undergo significant modifications when the working fluid (water, air, steam, gases, exhaust or exit gases, oil or combinations of such fluids) is changed, this machine 20 being able to run on any of the mentioned fluids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 25 The existing rotaiy power-generating machines have a number of disadvantages, such as: . low efficiency, - 0 . they do not run on a diversified range of working fluids (with different machines with different characteristics are required), . big size and weight, . high prime cost, 35 ■ complex construction, . big working-fluid consumption, . high degree of environment pollution, . special works and skilled personnel are required for repairs and maintenance, . non-uniform running, . existance of dead centres in operation, . strong noise and vibrations, .5 . manufacturing difficulties with small-size machines, . long speeding-up and braking times. SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION The purpose of the invention is the development of a multifunctional URPM having important advantages for ecology achieved by the highly-efficient utilization of primary and other energies due to the adopted functional and construction solution, at a low prime cost allowing its quick implementation in economy and industry. The technical problem solved by the invention is the development of a j Lo multifunctional URPM of simple and rugged construction, balanced, compact, reliable, with a uniform running that reduces the speeding-up and braking times under 1.5 s (from 0 rpm to max rpm or from max rpm to 0 rpm), and whose efficiency is improved as compared with existing power-generating machines first of all due to the highly-efficient 15 utilisation of primary and other energies. The URPM according to the invention eliminates the disadvantages mentioned earlier owing to the fact that its constructions includes only a few active parts of which only one is in motion, this being the rotor which operates between two stator plates, an upper plate and a lower one, where the direct transformation of the pressure energy of the working fluid into mechanical energy occurs, which mechanical energy - in its turn - is further transmitted to the exterior through the upper part of the machine by means 25 of a shaft fastened in the central recess of the rotor which has no bearing at either end, or is transformed into electric energy, this being possible by equipping the rotor - in its central recess - with a magnetic circuit in the centre of which a sheath is fastened , Q housing the relevant winding (the magnetic circuit, a round magnet firmly attached to the rotor, rotates together with the latter round the windings or the winding housed in the sheath). Each stator plate has an active surface coming in contact with the rotor and an inactive one, through which the admission of the working fluid to the rotor occurs. it In their turn, the active surfaces of the stator plates are divided into positive zones (coming in contact with the rotor) and negative zones not coming in contact with the rotor. The stator plates are positioned opposite each other (mirror image) by means of a distance ring and distributing caps, which also clamp them on the distance ring which -° is dimensioned so that an optimal framing of the rotor by the stator plates is achieved (the stator plates, the rotor, and the distance ring are provided with a grinding stock for the cases where a readjustment of the assembly they form is desired). On the upper distributing cap a stuffing-box system is mounted allowing the electric cable or the shaft →5 necessary for transmitting the mechanical energy to the exterior to come out of the machine. If the rotor is not equipped for transmitting the mechanical energy to the exterior or generating electric energy, the machine can operate to change the state parameters of the working fluid. The machine can be fastened, for example, on a support by welding, on the lower distributing cap, a flange through the holes of which the bolts or any other fastening device suited to the purpose are fixed. On the route travelled by the working fluid before entering the distributing caps pressure gauges and spherical valves are mounted allowing the input-parameter control operations to be effected with the view of the self-suspension phenomenon being obtained at the rotor. As URPM runs at high rotational speeds, its friction losses are very small due to the way the suspension of the rotor, which may be hydrodynamic, pneumatic or a combination of the two, is achieved. The extra quantitative losses (leaks) are eliminated by the hydrodynamic 0 bearings,which are leakproof. The rotor has double blading and symmetrical admission on both faces, which allows the compensation of the axial travel (appearance of self- suspension) and the way the rotor and the stator plates come in contact ensures the radial compenation (if the rotor is balanced during manufacturing, the compensation of 5 its axial travel is achieved perfectly). The symmetrical construction of URPM, the shape of stator plates, the rotor shape, the way the rotor and the stator plates come in contact, the admission of the working fluid to the rotor, the uniform loading of rotor blading, the angle at which the working fluid jet enters the rotor blading, the absence of axial bearings, the absence of conventional radial bearings, the dynamic balancing of the rotor 0 during manufacturing, the value of the deviation angle of the working-fluid jet determined by its inlet and outlet from the rotor blading, the angles of the working-fluid jet at the outlet from the stator plates, the distance ring and the distributing caps, the ratio of the positive surfaces of the rotor to the negative ones, the ratio of the positive surfaces of the rotor to the positive contact surfaces of stator, plates, the materials out of which the whole machine is made or associated materials (metals, metal alloys, non- metals , glass, ceramics alloyed with Si or Ge, basalt, plastic materials, sintered powders, all of these with or without magnetic properties etc.), as well as the absence of dead centres in operation, ensure URPM a number of advantages, such as: . absolute uniform running, which can be controlled manually or automatically; 0 . absence of secondary effects conductive to modification of the static and dynamic balance of the machine; . shortening of speeding-up or braking times under 1,5 s; . relatively great practical possibility of execution at very small sizes; . simple construction; 5 . small size and weight; . low prime cost; . elimination or reduction of environment pollution, epending on the working fluid used; . small noise and vibrations; n . small working-fluid consumption: . elimination of a number of problems pertaining to running and maintenance works due to the fact that no specialized personnel is needed to perform these operations; . running on a diversified range of working fluids, without the operating principle, construction form or efficiency undergoing significant modifications. URPM allows the solution of a whole series of ecological and financial problems caused by the high energy demand of both big and small companies, dwellings, household, tourism etc. as its mounting and dismounting do not require special facilities. Braking is effected quickly and simply by closing the supply with working fluid totally or partialy. In the case of total closing, braking is done in max 1.5 s, irrespective of the rotational speed and mass of the rotor, since it depends on the speed at which the total closing of the working fluid supply is performed (with automatic closing, braking is performed very quickly because the closing speed is high). The working fluid is allowed to pass through the machine only if the rotor is in motion. If, on purpose or accidentally, a load bigger than the power resulting from the action of the working fluid on the rotor is applied to the latter, it stops and the circuit of the working fluid is interrupted due to the absence of rotor motion, which makes it impossible for the rotor to carry the working fluid from the space of the positive zone of stator plates to the space of the negative zone of stator plates with the view of its evacuation to the exterior through the distance ring and the distributing caps. The tightness of the rotor in motion or at a standstill relative to the active surfaces of the stator plates is perfect and achieved continuously. An example of realisation of the invention is given below, in conjunction with Fig. 1 to 10 representing : BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS . Fig. 1 - Cross section of URPM for electric energy; . Fig. 2 - Upper stator plate; . Fig. 3 - Lower stator plate; . Fig. 4 - Rotor; . Fig. 5 - Distance ring; . Fig. 6 - Upper distributing cap; . Fig. 7 - Lower distributing cap; . Fig. 8 - Cross section of URPM for mechanical energy; . Fig. 9 - Cross section of URPM for changing the state parameters of the working fluid; . Fig.10 - Schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIVERSAL ROTARY POWER-GENERATING MACHINE The universal rotary power-generating machine (URPM), according to the invention, is composed of: supply nipple 1, distributing cap 2, stator plate 3, rotor 4, distance ring 5, cap 6, inner packing 7, outer packing 8, stuffing-box 9. magnetic circuit 10, winding 11, sheath 12, electric cable 13, centring bolt 14, adjusting screw 15, shaft 16. In accordance with the invention, the working fluid enters tangentially through the supply nipple 1, the distributing cap 2 ensuring the supply with working fluid through the stator plate 3 of rotor 4, the positioning of which is provided by the distance ring 5, cap 6 prevents the working fluid from entering the central zone of rotor 4, forcing it to pass through stator plate 3 to come to work in the blading of rotor 4, the stator plates 3 ensure a uniform loading of both faces of rotor 4, which - together with an adequate control of the input parameters of the working fluid - makes it possible to compensate the axial travels (appearance of self-suspension) and to set rotor 4 in motion. The rotational motion of rotor 4 allows the filling and emptying of the blading three times during a full rotation. The filling of the blading occurs in the active zone of stator plates 3 and the emptying - in the negative zone of stator plates 3, and, as a result, rotor 4 has a big carrying capacity relative to its size. Rotor 4 transforms the pressure energy of the working fluid directly into mechanical energy, which can be transmitted to the exterior according to Fig. 8, or in electric energy in accordance with Fig. 1. If the change of state parameters of the working fluid is intended, the machine will look as shown in Fig. 9. Rotor 4 has the form shown in Fig. 4, with the blading symmetrically made on both faces, on each face there are eight cells shaped like sphere quarters, placed equidistantly and symmetrically on a division circle of radius R and forming between them an angle δ = 45°, the space between two consecutive cells - measured on the division circle of radius R - is equal to the radius r of the sphere of which the sphere of which the cell forms a part, between the length of the division circle of radius R, the cells, and the spaces between them there exists the relation 2 II R = 16 r. Stator plates 3 are represented in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, according to which the active zone of stator plates 3 is divided into six sections, of which three - which come in contact with rotor 4 - cover an angle a = 65° and are called positive surfaces, and the other three - which cover an angle β = 55° each - are called negative surfaces. The transition from a positive surface to a negative surface occurs at an angle δ = 45°. Stator plates 3 have three nozzles each, placed at an angle γ = 120°, one on each positive section of stator plates 3 and positioned on a division circle of radius R. The nozzles are tangent to the division circle of radius R and form an angle δ = 45° with the positive surface on which they are located. The distance ring 5 is represented in Fig. 5, according to which it has six sections of which three ensure the outflow of the working fluid and cover an angle = 65° each, and the other three ensure the optimal framing of the rotor 4 between the two stator plates 3 and the dismountable assembling of the machine by means of distributing caps 2; they cover an angle β = 55° each. The working fluid which has worked in the blading of rotor 4 undergoes a deviation of 180° (at the impact against the blading of rotor 4), its parameters can also be controlled via the spherical valves and the manometers mounted at the machine inlet. On the surfaces of rotor 4 there are not points which, during a full rotations, are in permanent contact with stator plates 3. The ratio of the positive surface on the faces of rotor 4 to its negative surface is 1. The ratio of the positive surfaces of rotor 4 and the positive surfaces of stator plates 3 with which the first come in contact is 1. The rotor faces have a taper ξ = 6,5°, and the positive surfaces of stator plates 3 - its conjugate (ξ = 6,5°). The negative surfaces of stator plates 3 also have a taper ξ = 6,5°, so that between the positive surface and the negative surface of stator plates 3 there is an angle 2 ξ = 13°. For a good taking over of the working fluid which has worked in the blading of rotor 4 and its routing to the exterior, the angle ξ = 6,5° also exists on the distance ring 5 and the distributing caps 2. The inner packing 7 prevents the working fluid from entering the central zone, and the outher packing 8 prevents the working fluid from føjowing out to the exterior before it has worked in the blading of rotor 4. A stuffing-box system 9 ensures the transmission to the exterior of the electric energy through the electric cable 13 or of the mechanical energy by means of the shaft 16 in accordance with Fig 8. In the central recess of rotor 4 a magnetic circuit 10 can be fixed, which - by rotating round the winding 11 housed in sheath 12 - begins to produce electric energy, and the sheath 12 is fastened in a centred manner relative to the magnetic circuit 10, via the caps 6, the bolt 14, and the adjusting screw 15.

Claims: C L A I M S 1. Universal rotary power-generating machine (URPM), in accordance with the invention, characterized by the fact that it transforms the pressure energy of certain working fluids in mechanical or electric energy, depending on the demand, or changes the state parameters of the working fluid so that the operating principle, the construction form, and the efficiency may not undergo significand modifications when the working fluid (water, air, steam, gases, exhaust or exit gases, oil or combinations of such fluids) is changed, with the view of obtaining a highly-efficient utilisation of primary and other energies, at a low prime cost allowing its quick implementation in economy and industiy, with great advantages for ecology, composed of : supply nipple 1, distributing cap 2, stator plate 3, rotor 4, distance ring 5, cap 6, inner packing 7, outer packing 8. stuffing- box 9, magnetic circuit 10, winding 11, sheath 12, electric cable 13, centring bolt 14, adjusting screw 15, and shaft 16. The working fluid enters tangentiaily through the supply nipple 1, the distributing cap 2 ensuring the supply with working fluid through the stator plate 3 of rotor 4, the positioning of which is provided by the distance ring 5, cap 6 prevents the working fluid from entering the central zone of rotor 4, forcing it to pass through stator plate 3 to come to work in the blading of rotor 4, the stator plates 3 ensure a uniform loading of both faces of rotor 4, which - together with an adequate control of the input parameters of the working fluid - makes it possible to compensate the axial travels (appearance of self-suspension) and to set rotor 4 in motion. The rotational motion of rotor 4 allows the filling and emptying of the blading three times ^ during a full rotation. The filling of the blading occurs in the active zone of stator plates 3, and the emptying - in the negative zone of stator plates 3, and, as a result, rotor 4 has a big carrying capacity relative to its size. Rotor 4 transforms the pressure energy of the working fluid directly into mechanical energy, which can be transmitted to the exterior according to Fig. 8, or in electric energy in accordance with Fig. 1. If the change of .state 0 parameters of the working fluid is intended, the machine will look as shown in Fig. 9. Rotor 4 has the foπn shown in Fig. 4, with the blading symmetrically made on both faces, on rach face there are eight cells shaped like sphere quarters, placed equidistant]} and symmetrically on a division circle of radius R and forming between them an angle ς = 45 the space between two consecutive ceDs - measured on the division circle of 5 radius R - is equal to the radius r of the .sphere of which the cell forms a part between 36 the length of the division circle of radius R, the cells and the spaces between them there exists the relation 2 II R = 16 r. Stator plates 3 are represented in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, according to which the active zone of stator plates 3 is divided into six sections, of which three - which come in contact with rotor 4 - cover an angle a = 65° and are called ^° positive surfaces, and the other three - which cover an angle β * - *** 55° each - are called negative surfaces. The transition from a positive surface to a negative surface occurs at an angle δ = 45°. Stator plates 3 have three nozzles each, placed at an angle γ = 120°. one on each positive section of stator plates 3 and positioned on a division circle of radius R. The nozzles are tangent to the division circle of radius R and foπn an angle 5 ξ = 45° with the positive surface on which they are located. The distance ring 5 is represented in Fig. 5, according to which it has six sections of which three ensure the outflow of the working fluid and cover an angle a = 65° each, and the other three ensure the optimal framing of the rotor 4 between the two stator plates 3 and the disnioumablc assemnling of the machine by means of distributing caps 2; they cover an angle β - 55' 50 each. At the impact against the blading of rotor 4 the working fluid undergoes a deviation of 180°: its parameters can also be controlled via the spherical valves and the manometers mounted at the machine inlet . On the surface of rotor 4 there are no point-* which, in operation, are in permanent contact with stator plates 3. The ratio of the - j . positive surface on the faces of rotor 4 to its negative surfaces is 1. The ratio of the positive surfaces of rotor 4 to the positive surfaces of stator plates 3 with which the first come in contact is 1. The rotor faces have a taper ς = 6.5 . and the positive surfaces of stator plates 3 - its conjugate (ξ, = 6.5"). The negative surfaces of stator plates 3 also have a taper ξ = 6,5°, so,that between the positive surface and the negative surface of g Q stator plates 3 there is an angle 2 ξ = 13°. For a good taking over of the working fluid which has worked in the blading of rotor 4 and its routing to the exterior, the angle ς = 6.5 also exists on the distance ring 5 and the distributing caps 2. The inner packing 7 prevents the working fluid from entering the central zone, and the outer packing 8 prevents the working fluid from foiowing out to the exterior before it has worked in the blading of rotor 4. A stuffingbox system 9 ensures the transmission to the exterior of the ° 5 electric energy through the electric cable 13 or of the mechanical energy by means of the shaft 16 in accordance with Fig. 8. In the central recess of rotor 4 a magnetic circuit 10 can be fixed, which - by rotating round the winding J I housed in sheath 12 - begins to produce electric energy, and the sheath 12 is fastened in a centred manner relative to thc 69 magnetic circuit 10. via the caD 6. the bolt 14. and the adiustinε .screw 15

Inventors: PANU MISAILESCU DUMITRU, PANU MISAILESCU EUGENIA, PANU MISAILESCU, DUMITRU, PANU MISAILESCU, EUGENIA
Applicants: PANU MISAILESCU DUMITRU, PANU MISAILESCU EUGENIA, PANU MISAILESCU, DUMITRU, PANU MISAILESCU, EUGENIA
Application year: 1994
Main classification: F01D1
IPC codes: F01D1