Use of O-esters of L-carnitine with aromatic acids for the treatment of dermatoses

Abstract: The use of O-esters of L-carnitine with aromatic acids, such as salicylic, acetylsalicylic, nicotinic and trimethoxybenzoic acid is disclosed for producing pharmaceutical compositions suitable to be topically applied for treating dermatoses, such as ichthyosis and psoriasis.

Description: The present invention relates to the use of O-esters of L-carnitine with aromatic acids for producing pharmaceutical compositions which contain such esters as active ingredients, suitable to be topically applied for the treatment of dermatoses. These esters have the formula (I) wherein R is the acyl of an aromatic acid, and X - is the anion of a pharmacologically acceptable acid. Specifically, the esters which are particularly preferred are those wherein the acid is selected from salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, nicotinic acid and trimethoxy benzoic acid. Encompassed by the esters to be used according to the present invention are also the inner salts of the compounds of the formula (I). Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compound according to the invention include, in addition to the inner salts, all pharmaceutically acceptable salts which are prepared by the addition of acid to L-carnitine, and which do not give rise to undesirable toxic or collateral effects. The formation of pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts is well known in pharmaceutical technology. Non-limiting examples of suitable salts include the chloride, bromide, orotate, acid aspartate, acid citrate, acid phosphate, fumarate, acid fumarate, lactate, maleate, acid maleate, acid oxalate, acid sulfate, glucose phosphate, tartrate and acid tartrate salts. The esters of L-carnitine and the aforesaid alkanoyl L-carnitine with β-hydroxybutyric acid and the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof are known compounds. For instance, EP 0443996 A1 discloses the activity of these esters in inhibiting neuronal degeneration (as it occurs e.g. in Alzheimer's dementia and Parkinson's disease) and liver proteolysis and in the treatment of coma. The dermatoses which are suitably treated with compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) are in particular ichthyosis, psoriasis and those dermatoses which are induced by a defective keratinization, such as dandruff, acne and palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis. Ichthysosis is a dermatosis characterized by generalized dryness, harshness and scaling of the akin. It may occurs as a hereditary disease present at birth, or as a metabolic disorder associated with hypothyroidism or with the intake of drugs (such as butyrophenols) inhibiting lipid synthesis, or as a paraneoplastic syndrome, manifestation of a tumor process involving internal organs. Xeroderma, the mildest form of ichthyosis is neither congenital nor associated with systemic abnormalities. It usually occurs on the lower legs of middle-aged or older patients, most often in cold weather and in patients who bathe frequently. There may be mild to moderate itching and an associated dermatitis due to detergents or other irritants. The inherited ichthyoses, all characterized by excessive accumulation of scale on the skin surface, are classified according to clinical, genetic, and histologic criteria. Known treatments of any form of ichthyosis comprise topically applying to the skin hydrating emollients. Furthermore, salicylic acid or vitamin A-containing ointments have been widely used. A keratolytic agent particularly effective in removing the scale in ichthyosis vulgaris, lamellar ichthyosis and sex-linked ichthyosis contains 6% salicylic acid in a gel composed of propylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, hydroxypropylene cellulose and water. Further known drugs for the treatment of this disorder include: 50% propylene glycol in water, hydrophilic petrolatum and water (in equal parts), and cold cream and an α-hydroxy acid (e.g. lactic and pyruvic acid) in various bases. In lamellar ichthyosis, 0,1% tretinoin (vitamin A acid: retinoic acid) cream has been utilized. None of these treatments has been found satisfactorily effective. Hyperkeratosis is a thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin. The treatment of choice is the topical application of drugs containing urea, propylene glicol or salicylic acid. Also in this case, none of the known treatment has proved to be satisfactorily effective. It has now been found that the compounds of formula (I) when topically applied as solutions, lotions, creams or ointments containing from 0,01% to 20%, preferably from 1% to 15% and most preferably from 2 to 10% by weight of at least one of the foregoing compounds, are potently effective in achieving complete remission of ichthyotic conditions in humans and in healing psoriasis and those disorders brought about by an altered keratinization, such as dandruff, acne and palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis. It has also been found that, if the solutions, creams or ointments comprising a compound of formula (I) are applied regularly on a daily basis, within about two to three weeks the effected skin areas will return to norm conditions. In order to prepare such compositions at least one of the compounds of the formula (I) is preferably dissolved in water or ethanol initially. The solution thus prepared may be admixed in the conventional manner with commonly available ointment bases such as hydrophilic ointments (USP) or petrolatum (USP). The water or ethanol used to dissolve the compounds of formula (I) may range in concentration of from 1 to 30%, by volume, of the total composition. These compounds may also be formulated in a solution or lotion form. For instance, a compound or the formula (I) is dissolved directly in a mixture of water, ethanol and propylene glicol (40:40:20 by weight). Some examples of formulation are hereinbelow described: Formulation 1: 5% solution 5 grams of a compound of the formula (I) were dissolved in 5 mℓ of water and the resulting solution admixed with 40 mℓ of ethanol and 20 mL of propylene glycol. Sufficient water was added to make 100 mℓ of formulation. Formulation 2: 5% ointment 5 grams of a compound of the formula (I) were admixed with 95 grams of USP grade hydrophilic ointment, until a uniform consistency resulted.

Claims: Use of caters of L-carnitine of the formula (I): wherein R is the acyl group of an aromatic acid selected from salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, nicotinic acid and trimethoxybenzoic acid, and X - is the anion of a pharmacologically acceptable acid, for producing pharmaceutical compositions suitable to be topically applied for the treatment of dermatoses. The use of claim 1, wherein the eaters of L-carnitine of the formula (I) are in the form of inner salts. The use of claim 1, wherein in the eaters of L-carnitine of the formula (I) X - is selected from chloride, bromide, orotate, acid aspartate, acid citrate, acid phosphate, fumarate, acid fumarate, lactate, maleate, acid maleate, acid oxalate, acid sulfate, glucose phosphate, tartrate and acid tartrate. The use of any one of the preceding claims for preparing a solution, lotion, cream or ointment for the treatment of ichthyosis, psoriasis, dandruff, acne, palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis, which comprises from 0.01% to 20% by weight of a compound of formula (I).

Inventors: CAVAZZA CLAUDIO, CAVAZZA PAOLO, CAVAZZA, CLAUDIO, CAVAZZA, PAOLO
Applicants: AVANTGARDE SPA, AVANTGARDE S.P.A.
Application year: 1994
Main classification: A61K31
IPC codes: A61K31, A61P17, C07C229, A61Q19, A61K8