Plug for closing the gullet of a slaughtered animal and device for positioning same

Abstract: A plug (3) for closing a tubular member opening at the outside of a slaughtered animal, is characterised in that said plug (3) is adapted to be inserted into the gullet (2) of a slaughtered animal from which the head has been removed; said plug (3) has the general shape of a beaker comprising a bottom (4) and a beaker wall (5,6) such that the plug can be inserted into a gullet (2) with its bottom (4) to the front and can co-act with the gullet (2) wall for closure; and said plug (3) has at least two parts (5,6) with different inner diameters, the inner surfaces of which parts (5,6) mutually connect via a step.

Description: The invention lies in the field of slaughtering animals in a slaughterhouse. One of the operations during the slaughtering process is the removal of the head of the animal, whereby the gullet is severed. The stomach contents of an animal suspended from the hind legs will hereby move downward through the gullet and could there cause bacteriological infection of meat parts, work-floor and following locations, such as de-boning tables and conveyor belts. Hygienic slaughter is mandatory in most countries. The possibilities herefor have however been very limited up to the present. For example the gullet can be at least more or less closed off by means of an elastic ring. A drawback of this known method is that it is time-consuming and does not guarantee a reliable closure of the gullet. From CH-A-436 009 a plug is known, which is designed to be introduced in the wind pipe of a slaughtered animal. After introducing such prior art plug the wind pipe is sufficiently closed to prevent the entrance of rinsing water. The prior art plug consists of a plurality of parts and has therefore a rather complicated structure which makes the plug relatively difficult to produce and therefore expensive. The invention has for its purpose to provide a plug adapted to ensure an effective and rapid closure of the gullet. It is a further purpose of the invention to design a plug in a way such that it can be readilly manufactured at low costs. For this purpose the invention generally provides a plug as specified in claim 1. Claims 2-11 give alternatives. The use of biodegradable material has the advantage that after the slaughtered animal has been processed the plug no longer has to be removed. Considered suitable as starch are in principle all normal commercial starches, for example grain starches based on maize, wheat, rice, barley etc., tuber starches based on potato, tapioca etc., and other starches. The starches can have an increased amylose content and/or and increased amylopectin content. A starch derivative can be prepared on the basis of chemical, physical and/or biotechnological treatments. Biodegradable materials, in particular those based on starches or derivatives thereof, display a quite strong moisture-absorbing, for example hygroscopic character. As a result the plug can be difficult to insert into the moist gullet as it adheres rapidly to the inner wall thereof. It is therefore advantageous to embody a plug such that the moisture-absorbing, for example hygroscopic, properties are limited at least on the outer surface, so that in any case insertion can take place without difficulty. In this respect a plug of biodegradable material is therefore recommended, the outer surface of which is subjected to a treatment to reduce the moisture-absorbing, for example hygroscopic, properties thereof. Such a treatment can be based on arranging a coating layer, consisting for example of a powder, an optionally biodegradable lacquer, glycerine or other suitable material, or on the action of a gas, such as nitrogen, oil, water or another liquid with a suitable temperature. Given in claims 12 and 13 are specifications of devices with which a plug can be inserted into the gullet. The invention will now be elucidated with reference to the annexed drawings. In the drawings: figure 1 shows a partly broken away perspective view of a plug according to the invention. figure 2 shows a perspective view of an alternative insertion device; figures 3a, 3b and 3c show in partly broken away perspective view three respective phases of the closing of a gullet making use of the plug according to figure 6 and the insertion device according to figure 2; figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view in which is shown the manner of separating the gullet and the surrounding tissue, in particular the windpipe; and figure 5 shows a cross-section of a preferred embodiment of a plug. The plugs can be embodied in plastic of a re-usable type. Use can also be made of biodegradable materials. Starch can also be employed whereby an inserted plug will gradually dissolve. Figure 1 shows a plug 19, which has the general shape of a beaker tapering toward the bottom 20. The bottom 20 has a recessed portion 21, the function of which will be explained hereinafter. Beaker 19 comprises a rotation symmetrical beaker wall 22 consisting of two truncated conical parts 23 respectively 24 mutually connecting in stepped manner. Figure 2 shows an insertion tool 25. This insertion tool 25 comprises a substantially rigid tube 27 connected via a conduit 26 to a source of underpressure. The connection between the flexible conduit 26 and the tube 27 can be effected by means of a hand-operated button 28. By manually pressing button 28 the tube 27 is connected to the source and by releasing button 28 the connection is again broken. The outer diameter of tube 27, at least on its free end 29, is a little smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 21 of plug 19 (see figure 1). By placing the end 29 in the vicinity of the interior of recess 21 and by pressing in button 28 a plug 19 can thus be sucked thereon. The plug 19 can herewith then be inserted into gullet 2 in the manner shown in figure 3a. It will be apparent that during this insertion the said suction is no longer necessary. The plug 19 can thus be pressed into a desired position in the gullet by exerting a pushing force. The thereby exerted force is however still not sufficient for reliable and hygienic closure of the gullet. As shown in figure 3b, tube 27 is subsequently shifted back over a short distance and the button 28 is operated such that an underpressure is created in the interior of plug 19 as a result of which the flexible wall of the gullet is drawn inward into the interior of the beaker-shaped plug 19. Figure 8b shows this situation. Figure 3c shows the situation in which tube 27 is then slid out while the underpressure is maintained. The flexible wall of gullet 2 forms in the manner shown in figure 3c an effective closing of the interior of plug 19. A very effective and reliable closure of the gullet is realized due to the shown form. Figure 4 shows the manner in which the gullet 2 can be separated from the surrounding tissue, for example its connection to the windpipe 30. The connection between gullet 2 and windpipe 30 is relatively weak and can therefore be broken in simple manner. As shown in figure 2, the device 25 carries for this purpose on its handle 31 a carrier rod 32 which extends parallel to tube 27 and which in this embodiment forms a continuation of the cylindrical handle 31. The free end of this carrier rod 32 bears a separating element 33 which in the manner indicated by the arrow 34, after rotation of handle 31 and therewith the separating element 33, can effect the intended separation during axial movement thereof. At the moment the situation shown in figure 3b is reached the tube 27 can be retracted by the user. The said rotation, for example through approximately a quarter turn, can take place prior thereto whereby the separating element 33 penetrates into the tissue connecting gullet 2 to windpipe 30. During the downward directed movement 35 of handle 31 and therewith of separating element 33 the connection is broken. Figure 5 shows a cross-section of a preferred embodiment. The plug 36 has a generally rotation symmetrical form of a beaker, the bottom zone 37 of which has a comparatively small diameter wherein the operational end of the suction tube 27 fits. A broadened part 38 connects thereto via a smooth transitional zone 39. To the broadened part 38 connects a further broadened part 40 which has on its underside a thickened peripheral edge 41 to strengthen the plug 36. The transition of the inner surfaces of the parts 38 and 40 takes place via a step 41. On their outer surfaces these parts interconnect smoothly via a transitional zone 43. It is noted that the tube 27 can have an enlarged breadth and narrowed active end. If desired the active end can be provided with one or more openings present on the outer surface, which simplifies the creation of the desired underpressure in a plug.

Claims: Plug (19,36) for closing a tubular member opening at the outside of a slaughtered animal, characterized in that said plug (19,36) is adapted to be inserted into the gullet (2) of a slaughtered animal from which the head has been removed; said plug (19,36) has the general shape of a beaker comprising a bottom (20,39) and a beaker wall (22;38,40) such that the plug (19,36) can be inserted into a gullet (2) with its bottom (20,39) to the front and can co-act with the gullet (2) wall for closure; and said plug (19,36) has at least two parts (23,24;38,40) with different inner diameters, the inner surfaces of which parts (23,24;38,40) mutually connect via a step. Plug (36) as claimed in claim 1, which plug (36) has at least two parts (38,40) with different outer diameters, the outer surfaces of which parts join together smoothly (43). Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, in which the plug (19,36) has a shape tapering toward the bottom (20,39). Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, in which the bottom (20,39) has a recessed portion (21,37) adapted to receive the end (29) of a pipe (27), such that the end (29) of this pipe (27) can be placed in said recessed portion (21,37) and can be used to exert a pushing force on the plug (19,36). Plug (36) as claimed in claim 4, in which the recessed portion (37) connects to the adjacent part (38) via a smooth transitional zone (39). Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, in which the beaker wall (22;38,40) is rotation-symmetrical. Plug (19) as claimed in claim 1, in which said two parts (23,24) have truncated conical shapes. Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plug is expandable. Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, which plug (19,36) consists of a biodegradable material, for example at least partially consisting of a starch, a starch derivative or a biodegradable polymer. Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material is suitable for use in animal feed and/or human food. Plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface is subjected to a treatment to reduce the moisture-absorbing, for example hygroscopic, properties thereof. Device (25) for inserting into a gullet (2) a plug (19,36) as claimed in claim 1, which device (25) comprises a tube (27) which is connectable to a source of underpressure which can be switched on and off, which tube is adapted for inserting into a gullet (2) a beaker-shaped plug (19,36) by pressing the bottom thereof. Device (25) as claimed in claim 12, wherein in the area of the free end zone (29) of the tube (27) an arcuate separating element, for example a blade (33) with a cutting edge, is arranged for separating the gullet (2) from the adjacent tissue.

Inventors: HEURMAN ERWIN HERMAN GERARDUS, HOFTE KOESVELD GERRIT-JAN, ROERINK JOHAN GERRIT, HEURMAN, ERWIN HERMAN GERARDUS, HOFTE KOESVELD, GERRIT-JAN, ROERINK, JOHAN GERRIT
Applicants: HEURMAN ERWIN HERMAN GERARDUS, HOFTE KOESVELD GERRIT-JAN, ROERINK JOHAN GERRIT, HEURMAN, ERWIN HERMAN GERARDUS, HOFTE KOESVELD, GERRIT-JAN, ROERINK, JOHAN GERRIT
Application year: 1994
Main classification: A22B5
IPC codes: A22B5