Quick removable fasteners in particular for furniture

Abstract: A removable fastener (10) for a part such as a furniture accessory with a hole in a surface comprises a dowel anchor (11) with means (23) of lateral engagement in the surface hole. The dowel anchor comprises a seat (13) in which is received the end of an element (12) in turn constrained to the part and there being between the element and the seat means of separable mutual constraint. The element is provided in the form of a dowel or pin (12) constrained to the part to be axially insertable in the seat (13) in the dowel anchor and the constraint means comprise elastically yielding elements (14, 15) projecting toward the axis of the seat (13) to engage the side wall of the dowel (12) upon its insertion in the seat.

Description: The present invention relates to fasteners for snap fastening and in particular for fastening furniture hardware elements such as hinges, drawer slides, etc. There are known fasteners comprising dowel anchors to be engaged in holes in furniture panels while in said dowel anchors there being subsequently engageable fastening screws for hinges, slides, etc. In the furniture industry there is an ever growing requirement to reduce assembly time for the various components of the furnishings whether during assembly at the works or during final installation at the user's site. From this viewpoint screw assembly is quite unsatisfactory. There have also been proposed faster systems, e.g. with pressure assembly, but which are not easy to disassemble, and dovetail systems requiring dedicated tools for assembly and disassembly or requiring special handling to achieve engagement, which requires a certain skill from the assembler and does not permit great speed of assembly. In addition, dovetail systems are often relatively costly because of the structural complications they involve. FR-2.506.865 discloses a fastener in which the dowel is insertable with an axial movement in a seat, the dowel being jammed by means of a latching tongue projecting in the seat. In order to be dissassembled, the dowel has to rotate until a passage in the dowel falls in line with the tongue. In this manner, the dowel can be pulled out. The dowel rotation does not cause an axial movement. DE-8717482 discloses a fastener in which a dowel is insertable in a seat, once the dowel projections are aligned with passages in the seat. The dowel lock in the seat is obtained on dowel rotation so as to remove the projections from the alignment with the passages. The dowel unlocking is obtained by making the dowel rotate so as to bring the projections again aligned with the passages. The general purpose of the present invention is to supply economical fasteners permitting fast assembly and allowing at the same time easy disassembly without the need of special tools or skills on the part of the installer. In view of said purpose it is sought to provide in accordance with the present invention a removable fastener as claimed in claim 1. To clarify the explanation of the innovative principles of the present invention and its advantages compared with the known art there is described below with the aid of the annexed drawings possible embodiment thereof by way of nonlimiting examples applying said principles. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a partial exploded longitudinal cross section of an device or dowel anchor joint in accordance with the present invention, Fig. 2 shows a rear view of the joint of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows a view similar to that of Fig. 1 but with the element in use. With reference to the Figs. Fig. 1 shows a dowel anchor joint element in accordance with the present invention and indicated generically by reference number 110 comprises a dowel anchor body 111 provided in relatively yielding material, e.g. plastic. The dowel anchor 111 has a substantially cylindrical shape with circumferential ribbings 112 of generally triangular cross section and tapered in the direction of insertion of the dowel anchor in a hole or reception seat. The dowel anchor 111 has an axial hole for reception of a dowel 114 with widened head. The bottom of the hole 113 terminates in a widened seat 115 in which is inserted an elastic washer 116. As may be seen also in Fig. 2 the washer 116 is shaped with a plurality of teeth or tabs 117 directed radially toward the axis of the hole 113 and appropriately inclined in the direction of insertion of the dowel 114 in the hole 113. The teeth delimit with their endS a passage with dimensions slightly less than the diameter of the dowel. As shown in Fig. 3, when in use the dowel anchor 111 is inserted by pressure inside a hole made in the fastening surface 120, e.g. a wall or a door of a furniture item. The stem of the dowel is passed through a hole provided for that purpose in the hardware element or part 122 which it is wished to constrain to the surface 120 and then engaged by force in the hole 113. When inserting the dowel in the hole 113 the slight forcing of the dowel on the edges of the washer teeth cause the teeth to bend slightly without exerting excessive resistance to complete introduction of the dowel. Axial withdrawal of the dowel is prevented by the digging effect resulting from the angle formed by the teeth with the axis of the dowel. It is clear that such a dowel anchor fastener does not require particularly close axial positioning tolerances. Furthermore its assembly is very fast and requires no assembly tools. To provided a disassemblable system in order to permit withdrawal of the dowel is provided with a light helical cut or threading 121 along its cylindrical wall. In this manner the dowel locks in the dowel anchor as described above but can be easily removed by rotating it with a screwdriver. For this purpose the dowel head is cut. Optionally extraction can be aided by a slight axial traction during rotation. As an alternative to or conjointly with the helical cut 121 the teeth 117 are provided inclined so that their ends form a screw in such a manner that the rotary movement of the dowel pushes it in an axial direction. In addition to disassembly the capability of axial movement of the dowel as a result of its rotation also permits increase of traction of the joint by rotating the dowel in a direction opposite that of disassembly to increase its penetration in the dowel anchor. As may be seen in Figs. 1 and 3, to prevent the teeth of the washer from overturning under the axial traction effect exerted by the dowel the bottom of the cavity 115 can be advantageously provided in tapered form. This prevents the teeth from straightening beyond the taper angle of the bottom on which the washer rests. In addition the washer, e.g. pressed from sheet metal, can advantageously comprise peripherally projections or tabs 118 which engage in corresponding seats 119 in the dowel anchor to prevent rotation thereof with the rotating dowel. To give good support to the threaded dowel teeth it was found advantageous to provide the threading with a number of threads equal to the number of teeth. At this point it is clear that the purposes of the present invention have been achieved by supplying quick joints of great economy and safe holding. Naturally the above description of an embodiment applying the innovative principles of the present invention is given merely by way of example and therefore is not to be taken as a limitation of the patent right claimed here. For example, the proportions of the various parts can vary depending on the specific requirements of use. The washer can also be incorporated in the dowel anchor during a pressing phase of said dowel anchor.

Claims: Removable fastener (110) for a part (122) such as a furniture accessory with a hole in a surface comprising a dowel anchor (111) with means (112) of lateral engagement in the surface hole and the dowel anchor comprising a seat (113) in which is received the end of an element (114) in turn constrained to the part and between the element and the seat there being separable mutual constraint means and the element being provided in the form of a dowel (114) constrained to the part to be axially insertable in the seat (113) in the dowel anchor and the constraint means comprising elastic yielding elements (117) projecting in the seat (112) so that the free ends thereof rest on the lateral sides of the dowel, said free ends and lateral sides having surfaces for engaging one against the other so as to allow the sliding axial movement of the dowel in a direction towards the inside of the seat and to hinder the movement in the opposite direction, characterized in that said surfaces are so shaped and directed as to engage one against the other along a helical path length around the dowel axis, thereby generating a dowel axial movement onto dowel rotation. Fastener in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the yielding elements comprise elastic tabs (117) having free ends projecting from the side walls of the seat toward the axis of the seat (113) inclined in a direction opposite the dowel insertion direction in the seat to engage the lateral wall of the dowel (114) upon its insertion in the seat. Fastener in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the lateral engagement means of the dowel anchor comprise ribbings (112) projecting radially therefrom. Fastener in accordance with claim 3 characterised in that the ribbings (112) are circumferential ribbings tapered in the direction of insertion of the dowel in the hole. Fastener in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the dowel anchor is pressed from elastically yielding material. Fastener in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the dowel has an end opposite the end of insertion in the seat having a widened head bearing handling means for rotation of the dowel. Fastener in accordance with claim 2 characterised in that the elastically yielding tabs are provided in a single piece by a washer (117) received in the dowel anchor axially to the seat (113). Fastener in accordance with claim 7 characterised in that the washer (116) is near the axial end of the dowel anchor opposite that of introduction of the dowel. Fastener in accordance with claim 2 characterised in that the dowel comprises on its teeth engagement side surface at least one cut with helical progression (121) to allow withdrawal of the dowel from the seat by axial rotation. Fastener in accordance with claim 2 characterised in that the teeth have ends for engagement with the dowel inclined helically in relation to the dowel axis to allow withdrawal of the dowel from the seat by axial rotation. Fastener in accordance with claim 7 characterised in that the washer is received in the dowel anchor opposite a seat (115) having its bottom toward the end of the dowel anchor for introduction of the dowel which is tapered to constitute a support surface to prevent overturning of the teeth. Fastener in accordance with claim 7 characterised in that the washer (116) has elements (118) for lateral engagement in the dowel anchor to avoid reciprocal axial rotation of the dowel anchor and washer. Fastener in accordance with claim 9 characterised in that the cuts are in a number equal to the number of teeth in order to achieve a number of threads equal to the number of teeth.

Inventors: FERRARI FRANCO, MIGLI CARLO, FERRARI, FRANCO, MIGLI, CARLO
Applicants: FERRARI FRANCO, FERRARI, FRANCO
Application year: 1994
Main classification: F16B12
IPC codes: F16B21, F16B12