Delivery system for measured quantities of liquids especially medications

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dispenser (10) for dispensing medications into the nostril or intravenously. The device has a number of advantageous features. First, the device includes air grooves (100) in the spray head to allow the drawing in of air into the nostril during dispensing, to assist in the intake of the dispensed medication. Second, the device contains a mechanism (200, 400-405) for varying the amount of the dose dispensed. This feature is advantageous in that it allows an accurate metered dose to be dispensed, while still allowing flexibility in the size of the dose dispensed. The device can also have indicia (701, 702, 703) for indicating when the last dose was dispensed, and can include a disinfecting feature (150) for the spray head. The device can also have a gripping feature (901) which spaces the fingers (F) from the nostril into which medication is dispensed. The device includes a pump (P) in the outer package, so that it may be used with conventional medication packaging (12). Finally, the device is adapted to be used for both nasal and intravenous dispensing, via a replaceable spray passage (201) or injection needle (202). The package is preferably clear so that the user can determine the quality of the medication being dispensed. The device is particularly useful for dispensing medications such as insulin.

Description: Background of the Invention Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dispensing package which allows both nasal and intravenous dispensing. The invention is particularly useful for dispensing medications in accurate metered quantities into the body and allows an end user to adjust the quantity of material dispensed in each metered dose. Because the dispensing pump is mounted on the operating device, the invention can be used with conventional containers used to hold medications for intravenous injection. One type of medication which the present invention is particularly useful for dispensing is insulin, which may be administered in accurate metered doses either nasally or intravenously with the device of the present invention. Furthermore, because the pump is not mounted in the container, it may be reused -- requiring less waste than a conventional container with a pump which is thrown away with the container when the container is emptied. Description of the Related Art U.S. Patent No. 3,254,803 shows a device for dispensing quantities of liquid in the form of a spray into a nasal cavity. The device of this patent uses an aerosol container mounted in a dispensing package for dispensing a metered quantity of liquid. The device of U.S. Patent No. 3,254,80203 does not, however, allow a user to select or vary the quantity of liquid delivered with each dose, since the amount delivered is dependent upon the structure of the metering valve within the aerosol container. U.S. Patent No. 3211346 shows a device for dispensing liquid under the action of a pump, in which the pump is mounted to a non-vented container pressurized by a quantity of inert gas. This type of device, in which the material to be dispensed does not come into contact with air until it exists the spray head, is particularly useful for dispensing medications, which could degrade if placed in contact with the air used to vent a conventional piston-operated dispensing pump. The device of U.S. Patent No. 3211346 does not contain any mechanism for limiting the length of the stroke of the pump. The only metered quantity that this pump can dispense is that quantity that comes when the pump is depressed through its full stroke. EP-A-0509863 discloses a device for dispensing liquid, contained in a container, under the action of a pump which has a hollow operating stem extending from one end of the container. The container is longitudinally slidable in a housing and the operating stem of the pump is engageable in an internal recess in a closure applied to one end of the housing. The closure has a dispensing passage extending therethrough from said recess. A cap removably securable to said one end of the container has a central stem extending axially internally. The cap can be fitted slidably on the rear end of the housing remote from the closure, with said central stem projecting through a central aperture in the end of the housing remote from the enclosure, to engage the end, remote from the pump, of said container. By pushing the cap, thus fitted to the rear end of the housing, towards the opposite end of the housing, the container body is thus pushed against the operating stem to cause the liquid to be dispensed through the operating stem and through the dispensing passage in the closure. Summary of the invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a package for a material dispensing device which facilitates the relative movement of a container for the material being dispensed and an operating member projecting from the container through which the material is dispensed. According to this invention, there is provided a device for dispensing metered quantities of material as either liquid or spray comprising: a container holding a quantity of material to be dispensed; a pump for dispensing material from an interior of said container, said pump including a pump stem for delivering liquid from said pump to an exterior of said container; a housing including a spray passage, said pump stem engaging said spray passage and said container being mounted for reciprocal movement in said housing; and a pump stroke limiting device, comprising a washer adapted to be mounted on said pump stem between said container and said housing, such that said washer contacts a portion of said container adjacent said pump stem to thereby limit an amount of reciprocal movement of said container in said housing, the washer being replaceable with one of a plurality of other washers, each said washer being of a different thickness. The housing can be constructed of a transparent material, so that easy visual inspection can be made of the dispersed medication, to ensure that it has not deteriorated. It is still further an object of the invention to provide a package for material dispensing which is adapted to be manufactured by quantity production methods, is readily assembled, and is of such rugged character it will function over long periods of time with freedom from all difficulties. Description of the drawings Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the specification and claims, when considered in connection with the attached sheets of drawings, illustrating one form of the invention, wherein like characters represent like parts and in which: Figure 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a package according to a first embodiment of the invention in combination with a material dispensing device; Figure 2 is a view, taken in the direction of the arrows 2-2 in Figure 1, of the dispensing package of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a bottom view of the cover member of the dispensing package of Figure 1; Figure 4 is an elevational view of the dispensing package of Figure 1, showing the material dispensing device in dotted lines, being manually operated as contemplated by the invention; Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevational view, in section, of the nasal applicator end of the dispensing package of Figure 1; Figure 6 is an end view of the mechanical breakup device embodied in the end of the dispensing device shown in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the driving piston of the present invention, which includes indicia for dose and date; Figure 8 is a bottom view of the driving piston of Figure 7; Figure 9 is an elevational view, in section, of a package according to a second embodiment of the invention in combination with a material dispensing device; Figure 10 is an elevational view of the dispensing package of Figure 9, showing the material dispensing device in dotted lines, being manually operated as contemplated by the invention, and Figure 11 is a view, taken in the direction of the arrows 13-13 in Figure 9, of the dispensing package of Figure 9. Detailed Description of the Invention Referring now to the drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, in Figures 1 and 4 a material dispensing device 10 is shown in combination with the invention, for protecting the dispensing device and facilitating its operation. While the packaging concepts of the present invention are applicable to a variety of dispensing devices, which include a container for the material to be dispensed and a dispensing operating member connected thereto, in the herein illustrated form of the invention the device 10 comprises a well known type of material dispensing package including a pump P and non-vented container 12 (i.e. like the pump and container shown in U.S. Patent No. 3211346) having a reciprocable operating member or pump stem 13 projecting outwardly of the container for operating the pump on being moved relative thereto, the operating member being formed with an axial passage (also not shown) through which the material is dispensed. The container 12 is preferably filled with a medication which may enter the blood stream when dispensed into the nasal cavity, for example, a medication like insulin. It is common practice in the material dispensing art, and particularly in the field of spray pump devices, to package the dispensing device for decorative or protective reasons. In most material dispensing devices, spraying is initiated by displacement of an actuator by finger pressure. In certain devices, however, such a nasal applicators, or the like, an actuator may not be used, since the spray nozzle is inserted in the nasal passage. In such a device, another mechanism must be provided for operating the device. The dispensing package 11 , according to the present invention, in addition to forming the conventional decorative and protective casing for the device 10 , provides the mechanism for relatively moving the material container 12 and its dispensing pump stem 13 to operate the device. As illustrated, the package 11 , which may be molded or similarly formed from plastic or like material and is inserted into a nasal passage, includes a housing 14 , open at one end as at 15 , having a cylindrical side wall portion 16 of the substantially uniform thickness and closed end portion 17 . The side wall portion and closed end portion define within the housing a cavity 18 that substantially conforms in shape to the outline of material container 12 and is adapted to movably receive the container therein. As clearly shown in Fig. 4, the container is engageable through the opposite end 15 of the housing for applying a force thereto, as by thumb pressure or the like, for moving the container in the cavity. The thumb pressure could be applied directly to the container 12 , or as shown in Fig. 4, could be applied to a driving piston 301 slidable in the open end 15 of the housing. The closed end portion 17 of the housing 14 is formed with recess 17 a which provides communication between the cavity 18 and the exterior of the housing. The recess is adapted to receive and frictionally retain the operating member 13 of the dispensing device 10 so that the passage communicates with the exterior of the housing and the pump stem 13 is held in position relative to the package 11 . While the closed end portion 17 of the housing and the recess 17 a therein may take many forms, depending upon the ultimate use of the device 10 , in the herein illustrated form of the invention the closed end portion is formed with a boss 19 , providing a nozzle or applicator tip for insertion into a nasal passage, and the recess includes a passage extending through the boss 19 . The boss 19 is shaped so as to limit the amount of penetration of the boss 19 into the nasal passage. The boss 19 may advantageously include one or more air grooves 100 channeled in the surface of the boss 19 . The air grooves 100 allow the user to draw in air through the nose as material is being dispensed from the package 10 , thereby assisting in the delivery of the medication in container 12 to the bloodstream of the individual user. While it is within the concepts of the invention for the recess 17 a to comprise merely a bore of uniform diameter extending through the closed end portion of the housing for providing the passage for fictionally receiving the operating member of the dispensing device, in the nasal applicator illustrated, where it is desirable to diffuse or break up the body of material being dispensed the recess includes a plurality of axially aligned communicating bores 20 , 21 communicating with a bore 22 in an outer wall of the portion 17 , said bores 20 , 21 being adapted to receive and fictionally hold a mechanical breakup device 23 , the bore 24 of which receives the operating member 13 and provides passage through which the material is dispensed. The mechanical breakup device 23 , which may take any form well known to the art, but preferably has its passage 24 interrupt by baffles, 25 or the like for providing a tortuous path 24 a for breaking up the material being dispensed, is locked in the recess 17 a to prevent its accidental displacement and discharge into the nasal passage during the dispensing operation. As illustrated most clearly in Fig. 5, the mechanical breakup device 23 is locked in the recess by forming the axially aligned bores 20 , 21 and 22 of reduced diameter relative to one another, progressing from the cavity 18 outwardly, thereby providing shoulders 26 and 27 against which shoulders 28 and 29 , formed on the breakup device, abut. In order to dispense the material from the container 12 , by relatively moving the container and the housing carrying the dispensing operating member 13 , shoulders 30 are provided on opposite sides of the housing against which a force, such as finger pressure, may be applied -- as shown in Fig. 4 -- in a direction opposed to the force moving the container through the open end 15 of the housing. While the shoulders 30 may be provided in any known manner and take any desired form, in one form of the invention illustrated they comprise outwardly flared wall portions 31 . It will be noted that the outwardly flared wall portions 31 , which have their sides gently tapering into the surface of the housing side wall portion 16 , are of substantially the same thickness as the side wall portion to eliminate strains and the like when the dispensing package is manufactured by a molding operation or the like. In order to complete the dispensing package 11 and protect the boss 19 when the applicator is not in use, a removable cover member 32 is provided as shown in Figs 1 and 3. The cover member, which may be formed of the same material and in a manner similar to the package housing 14 and defines a chamber 33 for receiving the closed end portion of the housing, has an end wall 34 and a side wall portion 35 , the latter including a depending annular skirt 36 for fictionally receiving a portion of the housing side wall and holding the cover member in place. In a manner similar to that described in connection with package housing, the cover member 32 is formed with opposed outwardly flared wall portions 37 , which are adapted to complement and abut the shoulders 30 of the housing for providing a symmetrical appearance to the overall package and close the pockets formed by the housing shoulders. Depending projections 38 , formed integral with outwardly flared portions 37 of the cover member, engage the shoulder 30 of the housing and extend into the pockets formed thereby for preventing the cover member form turning relative to the housing. The cover member 32 may include a device for disinfecting the boss 19 to prevent the spread and growth of microorganisms on the boss 19 between use. The disinfecting device includes a flange 130 depending downwardly from the cover member 32 , which flange holds an absorbent material 150 ( e.g. , a sponge-like synthetic material) which can be impregnated with a liquid disinfectant. The absorbent material 150 is shaped and positioned so that when the cover member 32 is placed on the dispensing package 11 , is surrounds and contacts the boss 19 , thereby allowing the disinfectant in the absorbent material 150 to contact the boss 19. The device of Figure 1 includes a mechanism for limiting the stroke of the pump piston (not shown) within the container 12. A removable stop device 200, in the form of a rigid plastic washer, is placed upon the pump stem 13. The stop device 200 is therefore positioned such that it will contact the top surface of the container 12, and as the container 12 is pushed upwardly, a stop surface 201 on the closed end portion 17. When the top of the stop device 200 contacts the stop surface 201, it prevents further upward movement of the container 12, thereby limiting the stroke of the pump in the container 12, and therefore the amount of the material dispensed. The amount of material dispensed, as a function of the length of the stroke of the pump, will be controlled by the thickness of the stop device 200. In order to allow the user to vary the amount of material dispensed with a particular spray, a plurality of stop devices 202, 203 can further be provided, each of the stop devices 200, 202, 203 having a different thickness to provide a different dose size. The stop devices 200, 202, 203 can be of different colours, so that they can be easily distinguished and the various dose sizes that they provide can be determined from a quick visual inspection. The additional stop devices can be stored on a hub 304 on the driving piston 301 for easy access and storage. This hub 304 can project into an indentation I in the container 12. Figures 7 and 8 show an alternative embodiment of the driving piston 301. This driving piston 301 includes an indicia mechanism for indicating to the user the size, time and date of the last dose dispensed. A hub 303 is contained on the driving piston 301, the hub 303 mounting a series of indicia rings 701-703. Ring 703 can have a series of coloured dots to indicate the size of dose last dispensed, which dots can be aligned with a fixed indicia on the hub 303. Rings 702 and 701 can respectively contain rings displaying time and date of last dose, with the indicia being alignable with a fixed indicia on the hub 303. Rings 701 - 703 and hub 303 can have interlocking detents between them to allow the indicia to be snapped into a particular alignment and prevent unwanted rotation. Figures 9 to 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention, with an alternate mechanism for gripping and actuating the device. The package housing 14 has depending therefrom a pair of radially projecting steps 901 extending on opposite sides of the housing 14. As can be seen particularly in Figure 10, the fingers grip these steps 901 to allow actuation of the spray pump in the container 12. The embodiment of Figures 9 to 11 is advantageous in that the fingers are spaced a distance further away from the nostril, allowing easier insertion of the device into the nostril for subsequent dispensing. The package 11 is preferably moulded of a transparent plastic material, so that easy visual inspection of the contents of container 12 can be made. This allows the end user to tell if the medication to be dispensed is clear or cloudy, and therefore whether it is of a proper quality for safe use.

Claims: A device (10) for dispensing metered quantities of material as either liquid or spray comprising; a container (12) holding a quantity of material to be dispensed; a pump(P) for dispensing material from an interior of said container (12), said pump(P) including a pump stem (13) for delivering liquid from said pump(P) to an exterior of said container (12); a housing (14) including a spray passage (20), (21), said pump stem (13) engaging said spray passage (20), (21) and said container (12) being mounted for reciprocal movement in said housing (14); and characterised in that; it further comprises a pump stroke limiting device, comprising a washer (200) adapted to be mounted on said pump stem (13) between said container (12) and said housing (14), such that said washer (200) contacts a portion of said container (12) adjacent said pump stem (13), to thereby limit an amount of reciprocal movement of said container (12) in said housing (14), the washer (200) being replaceable with one of a plurality of other washers (202,203), each said washer being of a different thickness. A device according to claim 1, further comprising: a driving piston (301) connected to said container (12) and mounted for reciprocal movement in said housing (14), whereby force applied to said driving piston (301) reciprocates said container (12) in said housing (14). A device according to claim 2, wherein: said washers (200, 202, 203) may be stored on said driving piston (301). A device according to any of the proceeding claims, wherein: said housing further comprises a spray nozzle (19), said spray nozzle (19) communicating with said pump stem spray passage (20,21). A device according to claim 4, wherein: said spray nozzle (19) further comprises at least one air passage (100) on an axially outward surface. A device according to claim 4 further comprising: a cover (32), said cover being attachable to said housing (14) to thereby cover said spray nozzle (19). A device according to claim 6, wherein: said cover (32) comprises a disinfecting device (150) for providing disinfectant to said spray nozzle (19) when said cover (32) is attached to said housing (14). A device according to any one of the proceeding claims: said housing (14) comprises at least one axially outwardly facing flange (30) to provide a surface for the application of a force opposite to a force applied to said container (12) to permit reciprocation of said container (12) in said housing (14). A device according to any one of the claims 2 to 8 wherein; said driving piston (301) comprises indicia (701-703) for indicating a time, date and quantity of a last dispensed dose. A device according to claim 9, wherein: said driving piston (301) comprises a hub (303) and said indicia (701-703) comprises a plurality of rotatable rings mounted on said hub. A device according to claim 8, wherein: said at least one axially outwardly facing flange (30) comprises a plurality of stepped flanges.

Inventors: MESHBERG PHILIP, MESHBERG, PHILIP
Applicants: MESHBERG PHILIP, MESHBERG, PHILIP
Application year: 1994
Main classification: B05B11
IPC codes: B05B7, A61M15, B05B11