Cleaning apparatus

Abstract: An apparatus as described for use in an electrostatographic printer/copier for cleaning particles from the imaging surface (11) and from the ground strip (130) located along the edge of the imaging surface. The apparatus comprises a conductive cleaning brush (100) for cleaning the imaging surface, and an insulative brush donut (120) attached to the conductive cleaning brush for cleaning the ground strip. The insulative brush donut will not short with the ground strip and prevents contact between the conductive fibers and the ground strip, which would short the ground strip and cause copy defects.

Description: This invention relates generally to an electrostatographic printer or copier, and more particularly concerns a cleaning apparatus used therein. In an electrostatographic reproducing apparatus, a latent electrostatic information image is formed on an electrically insulating carrier. The latent image is developed into a visible image by the application of toner particles to the carrier surface, whereby the particles are caused to adhere electrostatically either to the portions of the carrier surface that are electrostatically charged or to the portions that are not charged and the adhered toner particles may then be transferred imagewise to an image receiving or record sheet. After the transfer, the insulating carrier is cleaned of residual toner particles and freed of the image charge pattern, and then reused in the production of another image. Effective and efficient cleaning of the residual particles (i.e. toner and other debris) from the insulating carrier is a critical operation, since any such residual particles will interfere with a subsequent image developed on the carrier. At the same time, it is important that the cleaning operation not damage the image carrier surface. Cylindrical brushes such as an electrostatic brush are commonly used in this type of cleaning operation. The basic function of the electrostatic brush cleaner is to carry a controlled voltage bias to remove charged toner from the photoreceptor surface. However, in cleaning the photoreceptor surface, residual particles of toner and other debris accumulate on the ground strip located along the edge(s) of the photoreceptor. This accumulation or build-up of residual particles can lead to print or copy quality defects if not removed. By its basic design, the electrostatic brush cleaner can not be used to clean the ground strip because it will short out to the grounded surface causing a print or copy quality defect. US-A-4,703,334 describes an electrophotographic apparatus having a photoreceptor belt provided on both sides with ground strips. Electrically non-conductive, and conductive side brushes are also provided. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for cleaning particles from a photoreceptor surface having an electrical ground strip along a marginal region of the surface, comprising a housing defining an open ended chamber; a brush, rotatably mounted in the chamber of the housing, for removing particles from the surface; and nonconductive means, associated with the brush, for cleaning particles from the ground strip of the surface. By way of example only, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of a photoconductive belt being cleaned by cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is an elevational view of the cleaning apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line in the direction of the arrows 3-3 in Figure 2; and Figure 4 is a schematic elevational view of a printing apparatus incorporating cleaning apparatus in accordance with the invention. For a general understanding of an electrophotographic printer or copier in which cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention may be incorporated, reference is made to Figure 4 which depicts schematically the various components of the printer/copier. Hereinafter, like reference numerals will be employed throughout to designate identical elements. Although cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention is particularly well adapted for use in an electrophotographic printing machine, it should become evident from the following discussion, that it is equally well suited for use in other applications and is not necessarily limited to the particular embodiments shown herein. Referring now to the drawings, the various processing stations employed in the reproduction machine illustrated in Figure 4 will be described briefly hereinafter. It will no doubt be appreciated that the various processing elements also find advantageous use in electrophotographic printing applications from an electronically stored original, and with appropriate modifications, to an ion projection device which deposits ions in image configuration on a charge retentive surface. A reproduction machine shown in Figure 4 has a photoreceptor belt 10, having a photoconductive (or imaging) surface 11. The photoreceptor belt 10 moves in the direction of arrow 12 to advance successive portions of the belt 10 sequentially through the various processing stations disposed about the path of movement thereof. The belt 10 is entrained about a stripping roller 14, a tension roller 16, and a drive roller 20. Drive roller 20 is coupled to a motor 21 by suitable means such as a belt drive. The belt 10 is maintained in tension by a pair of springs (not shown) resiliently urging tension roller 16 against the belt 10 with the desired spring force. Both stripping roller 14 and tension roller 16 are rotatably mounted. These rollers are idlers which rotate freely as the belt 10 moves in the direction of arrow 12. With continued reference to Figure 4, initially a portion of the belt 10 passes through charging station A. At charging station A, a corona device 22 charges a portion of the photoreceptor belt 10 to a relatively high, substantially uniform potential, either positive or negative. At exposure station B, an original document is positioned face down on a transparent platen 30 for illumination with flash lamps 32. Light rays reflected from the original document are reflected through a lens 33 and projected onto the charged portion of the photoreceptor belt 10 to selectively dissipate the charge thereon. This records an electrostatic latent image on the belt which corresponds to the informational area contained within the original document. Alternatively, a laser may be provided to imagewise discharge the photoreceptor in accordance with stored electronic information. Thereafter, the belt 10 advances the electrostatic latent image to development station C. At development station C, one of at least two developer housings 34 and 36 is brought into contact with the belt 10 for the purpose of developing the electrostatic latent image. Housings 34 and 36 may be moved into and out of developing position with corresponding cams 38 and 40, which are selectively driven by motor 21. Each developer housing 34 and 36 supports a developing system such as magnetic brush rolls 42 and 44, which provides a rotating magnetic member to advance developer mix (i.e. carrier beads and toner) into contact with the electrostatic latent image The electrostatic latent image attracts toner particles from the carrier beads, thereby forming toner powder images on the photoreceptor belt 10. If two colors of developer material are not required, the second developer housing may be omitted. The photoreceptor belt 10 then advances the developed latent image to transfer station D. At transfer station D, a sheet of support material such as paper copy sheets is advanced into contact with the developed latent images on the belt 10. A corona generating device 46 charges the copy sheet to the proper potential so that it becomes tacked to the photoreceptor belt 10 and the toner powder image is attracted from the photoreceptor belt 10 to the sheet. After transfer, a corona generator 48 charges the copy sheet to an opposite polarity to detack the copy sheet from the belt 10, whereupon the sheet is stripped from the belt 10 at stripping roller 14. Sheets of support material 49 are advanced to transfer station D from a supply tray 50. Sheets are fed from tray 50 with sheet feeder 52, and advanced to transfer station D along conveyor 56. After transfer, the sheet continues to move in the direction of arrow 60 to fusing station E. Fusing station E includes a fuser assembly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 70, which permanently affixes the transferred toner powder images to the sheets. Preferably, the fuser assembly 70 includes a heated fuser roller 72 adapted to be pressure engaged with a backup roller 74 with the toner powder images contacting the fuser roller 72. In this manner, the toner powder image is permanently affixed to the sheet, and such sheets are directed via a chute 62 to an output 80 or finisher. Residual particles, remaining on the photoreceptor belt 10 after each copy is made, may be removed at cleaning station F by cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention, represented by the reference numeral 92. Removed residual particles may also be stored for disposal. A machine controller 96 is preferably a known programmable controller or combination of controllers, which conventionally control all the machine steps and functions described above. The controller 96 is responsive to a variety of sensing devices to enhance control of the machine, and also provides connection of diagnostic operations to a user interface (not shown) where required. As thus described, the reproduction machine may be any of several well known devices. Variations may be expected in specific electrophotographic processing, paper handling and control arrangements but it is believed that the foregoing description is sufficient for purposes of the present application to illustrate the general operation of an electrophotographic printing machine. Reference is now made to Figure 1, which shows a planar view of the cleaning apparatus 92 shown in Figure 4. The photoreceptor 10 rotates in the direction shown by arrow 12 about roller 14. The basic function of the electrostatic brush cleaner 100 is to carry a controlled voltage bias to remove charged toner and other debris from the photoreceptor surface 11. The cleaner brush removal of the residual toner and other particles from the photoreceptor surface 11, causes an accumulation of residual particles on the ground strip 130. The ground strip 130 is commonly located along one edge of the photoreceptor belt, usually the outboard side (i.e. the side of the machine facing the operator). Figure 1 shows an electrical ground strip 130 located on both sides of the photoreceptor belt 10. The ground strip is used to carry the applied voltage of the photoreceptor back to ground (i.e. it discharges the photoreceptor). The electrostatic brush cleaner fibers are made from a conductive material. A short occurs when the conductive fibers contact a grounded surface such as the ground strip 130 and results in a print or copy quality defect. Therefore, the conductive brush 100 can not be used to clean the photoreceptor ground strip 130. In order to clean the ground strip 130 without causing a short, a brush ring or brush donut 120 is attached to an end of the cleaner brush 100, to clean the ground strip 130 of residual particles. The rotational movement of the brush cleaner 100 to clean the photoreceptor surface 11, also rotates the brush donut 120 to clean the ground strip 130. The brush donut 120 is made of an insulative (nonconductive) material. Reference is now made to Figure 2, which shows a front elevational view of the brush donut 120 used to clean the photoreceptor ground strip. The brush donut 120 consists of a circular piece 121 (i.e. hub) of any thermoplastic, nonconductive polyester (e.g. Teflon ®) having a center hole similar to a donut or ring. Insulative material fibers 105 on a substrate material create the outer surface of the thermoplastic donut. The fibers 105 extend radially outward therefrom. Alternatives to the use of insulative fibers include foam and rubber, made of nonconductive material, for the outer surface of the thermoplastic donut. With continued reference to Figure 2, the brush ring or donut 120 is made of insulative materials to prevent shorting as the fibers contact the ground strip. The width of the brush donut 120 (approximately 10mm) is wide enough to slightly overlap the ground strip 130 onto the photoreceptor surface 11 (see Figure 1). This eliminates the possibility of contact between the conductive cleaner brush fibers and the ground strip which would cause a short. The build up of toner on the ground strip that eventually leads to background on prints is also prevented. Reference is now made to Figure 3, which shows a cross-sectional view of section 3-3 of Figure 2. The cleaner brush 100 consists of a core 101 with conductive fibers 102 extending radially outward therefrom. On either end of the cleaner brush core 101, there is an end cap 110. The hub 121 of brush donut 120 is recessed to allow the brush donut 120 to snap securely into place around the end cap 110. The ground strip 130 is approximately 10-12 mm and the ground strip cleaning brush 120 is wide enough to cover the ground strip width and slightly overlap the photoreceptor on the side of the brush donut facing the electrostatic brush 100 end (see Figure 1). This slight overlap of the photoreceptor surface by the brush donut 120 eliminates the potential for the brush conductive fibers to contact the ground strip and cause a short. The overall length of the brush with the added length of the end cap 110 is approximately 410 mm. In recapitulation, the apparatus for cleaning particles from an imaging surface that has a ground strip along at least one edge of the image surface can be cleaned, without the shorting that can cause copy quality defects, by adding a brush donut having non conductive fibers that do not short with the grounding strip. The brush donut overlaps the ground strip onto the imaging surface to eliminate the possibility of the primary brush cleaner, having conductive fibers, from contacting the ground strip that would cause a short. The brush donut is easily attachable to either end of the primary brush cleaner.

Claims: An apparatus for cleaning particles from a photoreceptor surface (11) having an electrical ground strip (130) along a marginal region of the surface, comprising: a brush (100), rotatably mounted for removing particles from the surface; and non-conductive means (120), associated with the brush, for cleaning particles from the ground strip of the surface. An apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said brush comprises: a core (101); and a plurality of fibers (102) extending radially outwardly from said core. An apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein said fibers are electrically conductive. An apparatus as recited in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said cleaning means is attached to said brush. An apparatus as recited in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said cleaning means comprises a donut shaped brush. An apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein said donut shaped brush rotates in unison with said brush. An apparatus as recited in claim 5 or claim 6, wherein said donut shaped brush comprises: a hub (121), defining an aperture therein; and a plurality of fibers (105) extending radially outwardly from said hub in frictional contact with the ground strip for removing particles therefrom. An apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein one end of the said rotatably-mounted brush (100) snaps into the aperture in said hub, securely attaching said donut shaped brush adjacent one end of said rotatably-mounted brush. An apparatus as recited in claim 7 or claim 8, wherein said fibers of said brush donut are electrically nonconductive. An apparatus as recited in any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein said hub is electrically nonconductive.

Inventors: LUNDY DOUGLAS A, LUNDY, DOUGLAS A.
Applicants: XEROX CORP, XEROX CORPORATION
Application year: 1994
Main classification: G03G21
IPC codes: A46B15, G03G21