MOTOR INSTALLATION FOR CONSTRUCTION TOY SYSTEM

Abstract: A construction toy system is provided, in which a coherent structure can be assembled from a series of rod-like struts (25, 28, 30, 51, 26) and hub-like connectors (11, 29, 50), wherein the struts have specially contoured ends (21, 22, 23) engageable by lateral, snap-in assembly with pairs of contoured gripping arms (15, 16) on the connector elements. Upon snap-in assembly, the struts are effectively rigidly joined with the connectors. A motor mount (31) is provided, to which is fixed an electric drive motor (37). The motor mount includes spaced-apart elements, preferably struts received in guide tubes (32) rigidly joined to a platform-like element (33), by which the motor mount may be secured by snap-in engagement to connector elements, to become part of the coherent structure. Spur gears (71) and pinions (70) can be rotatably supported in the structure using struts and connector elements providint a gear train for converting the output of the motor to driving an element of the construction toy system.

Description: MOTOR INSTALLATION FOR CONSTRUCTION TOY SYSTEM Related Patents This application is related to U.S. Patents No. 5,199,919, No. 5,137,486, and No. 5,061,219. The disclosures of said patents are incorporated herein by reference. Background and Summary of the Invention The above mentioned patents disclose a novel form of construction toy system which is comprised of a plurality of rod-like strut elements and a plurality of hub-like connector elements. While reference should be made to the prior patents themselves for full details of the disclosure, the earlier documents deal generally with a novel form of strut and connector which are configured to allow lateral, snap-in assembly of the strut ends into sockets formed in the connector elements by pairs of gripping arms. The ends of the strut elements, and the gripping arms of the connector elements are contoured such that, when the parts are snapped together, the struts are gripped and held firmly against both axial and lateral movement in relation to the connector elements. This unique configuration of parts, as explained in the above mentioned patents, enables the construction of complex, coherent skeletal structures. Many of the structures possible to assemble using the struts and connectors of my earlier patents can involve moving parts. By way of example only, it is possible to construct ferris wheels, carrousels, elevators, cranes and the like, all providing for driven motion of certain components. In accordance with the present invention, a unique and inexpensive and highly simplified motor mount structure can be incorporated into a coherent structure, assembled from struts and connector elements of my prior patents, to in effect form part of such structures and enabling convenient, motor controlled operation of movable elements of such structures. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a motor mount unit is provided, desirably formed as a unitary element of injection molded plastic, which includes a pair of spaced- apart, parallel and rigidly connected guide members integrally joined with a molded plastic motor-receiving housing. The spaced-apart guide members are of tubular form, and each is adapted to closely receive a strut element. The strut elements are of such a length that end portions thereof project beyond the opposite ends of the tubular guide members, so that the projecting end portions are available for lateral snap-in engagement with adjacent connector elements. This simple arrangement enables the motor mount device to be easily incorporated into the coherent structural assembly, being supported firmly at four locations, and being accurately located within the structure. The lateral spacing between the respective tubular guide members corresponds precisely to the center-to-center spacing of a pair of connector elements joined by a strut element of standard length oriented transversely of the axis of the tubular guide members and engaging connector element assemblies to which the struts, supporting the motor mount, are engaged. Desirably, although not necessarily, the length of the tubular guide members is closely correlated with the length of one of the standard strut element, such that minimal end portions of the struts project from opposite ends of the guide members. When the struts are engaged and gripped by connector elements, the presence of the connector elements serves to closely confine the motor mount against axial movement along the struts by which it is supported. Associated with the novel motor mount arrangement is a series of gears, arranged to be driven by an electric motor carried in the motor mount, and adapted to be supported by standard strut elements, utilized throughout the construction toy system, and by the use of standard connector elements used throughout the construction toy system. The gears are adapted to be mounted for free rotation on a strut element, but are fixed for rotation with the struts by means of special drive blocks, known from my prior patents, which grip non-circular portions of the strut elements and are provided with laterally projecting lugs, received in correspondingly located recesses within the gears. Utilizing a standard pinion and gear set, it is possible to construct, within skeletal framework of the construction toy, gear drives of a variety of speed and mechanical advantage combinations, to provide for motor driven actuation of a wide variety of constructed devices. Pursuant to the invention, a construction toy system is provided which forms a coherent structure of connected- together struts and connector elements, and an electrical motor drive mechanism, wherein the system comprises a plurality of rod-like struts provided in a plurality of predetermined graduated lengths and each having opposite end portions contoured for engagement by sεid connector elements, a plurality of hub-like connector elements, each having a radially spaced array of pairs of gripping arms contoured for lateral snap-together engagement with said strut end portions, said struts being provided in a graduated length progression in which struts of one length, when joined to connector elements, are appropriate to form the hypotenuse side of an isosceles right triangle in which the base sides are formed by struts of the next smaller size, when joined to connector elements, said coherent structure including at least two motor support elements secured to first and second connector elements and extending from said connector elements in a first direction and in spaced-apart parallel relation, said motor support elements being contoured at one end for lateral snap-in engagement with pairs of gripping arms on said first and second connector elements, and being similarly contoured at the other end for lateral snap-in engagement vtith pairs of gripping arms on third and fourth connector elements incorporated in said coherent structure, motor support means associated with said motor support elements for retaining said motor support elements in fixed, spaced- apart relation and for fixedly mounting an electric motor, and an electrical motor carried by said motor support means and having a rotatable output shaft. For a more complete understanding of the above and other features and advantages of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a coherent structure, assembled with struts and connector elements as disclosed in my prior patents and incorporating a novel motor mount and gear drive arrangement according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view as taken generally on line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view as taken generally on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an end elevational view of the structure of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the new motor mount structure and the manner in which it is combined with strut elements for incorporation in the structure of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary perspective view illustrating details of a connector element incorporated in the structure of Fig. 1. Figs. 7 and 8 are exploded perspective views of specific forms of connector elements which may usefully be employed in the structure of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a drive block element for engaging a gear or other rotary element for fixed rotation with a strut element. Fig. 10 is an elevational view of the drive block of Fig. 9, illustrating the manner of its engagement with a strut. Description of Preferred Embodiments Referring now to the drawing. Figs. 1-4 illustrate a coherent skeletal structure assembled from a plurality of strut and connector elements of the type described in my above patents. It is to be understood that the specific structure shown in the drawing is only for purposes of illustrating the principles of the invention, and the structure may in practice take any one of a variety of forms, of various levels of simplicity and complexity. The illustrated structure 10 is of generally rectangular configuration and is provided at each of eight corners with connector assemblies 11 (or 11a) which, for purposes of illustration, may be of the type shown in Fig. 7 (or Fig. 8), wherein each of two connector elements 12, 13 (or 12, 13a) are joined together in nested relation and at right angles providing sockets, generally designated by the reference numeral 14, for the reception and engagement of structural elements extending in two right angularly related planes. The individual connector elements are provided with radially disposed pairs of gripping arms 15, 16 forming strut-receiving sockets 17, as shown in Fig. 6. Outer portions of the gripping arms are formed with axially disposed grooves 18. Adjacent to but spaced from an inner end wall 19 of the socket are transversely disposed ribs 20, which project into the recess space and extend transverse to the axis defined by the grooves 18. Strut elements employed in the construction toy system are of a standard configuration, but are provided in graduated lengths according to a predetermined length progression such that each next larger strut length is appropriate to enable that strut to serve as the hypotenuse for an isosceles right triangle constructed utilizing struts of the next-smaller length as the base elements. At each end, the struts are formed with a region 21 (see Fig. 4) of cylindrical contour, an annular groove 22, and an end flange 23. The end portion of a strut element can be joined with a connector element by a lateral snap-in assembly motion. The connector elements desirably are injection molded of structural plastic material, such that the gripping arms 15, 16 may deflect outwardly to accommodate the lateral snap-in assembly, after which the gripping arms snugly engage and grip the end of the strut, with the strut being held firmly in axial alignment with the socket 17 by the arcuate grooves 18, and being restrained against axial movement by the transverse ribs 20. In the illustrative structure of Figs. 1-4, the several connector assemblies 11, located at the corners of the structure, are joined top to bottom by vertical struts 25 at each of the four corners. Spaced-apart longitudinally extending struts 26 join connector assemblies front to back at the bottom of the structure, and transversely extending struts 27 join connector assemblies side to side at the top of the structure and also (strut 28) at the bottom of the structure, at one end. For reasons that will become evident, the upper connector assemblies 11 are connected in a longitudinal direction not by a single unitary strut element but by an assembly comprising a centrally positioned connector element 29 and short strut elements 30. The combined length of the struts 30, and the central connector element 29 with which they are engaged, is identical to the length of the lower, longitudinally disposed struts 26. Pursuant to the invention, a novel and unique form of motor mount is provided, for incorporation in a coherent structure such as shown in Figs. 1-4, enabling a small electric drive motor to be incorporated into the system for operating movable elements. The motor mount arrangement, shown best in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, comprises a unitary plastic injection molded main housing part 31, which comprises a pair of spaced-apart, preferably tubular guide members 32. These are rigidly joined by a connecting structure 33 which, in the illustrated embodiment, may be in the form of a platform-like web. The guide members 32 are spaced apart a distance equal to the lateral spacing between struts 26, extending longitudinally between connector assemblies 11 at the lower corners of the coherent structure (see Fig. 2) . The guide members are provided with internal tubular passages 34 adapted to closely receive the strut elements 26, which are configured to have a substantially uniform circular cross sectional envelope throughout their length. To advantage, the length of the tubular guide members 32 is related to the length of a selected-size strut 26 received within the tubular passages 34, such that only short, predetermined end portions of the struts 26 project from the opposite ends of the guide member. When the ends of the struts 26 are snapped in place in the lower connector assemblies 11, the end surfaces of the tubular guide members abut or lie closely adjacent to the ends of the respective gripping arms in which the struts 26 are engaged (see Fig. 1) . Accordingly, the unitary motor mount 31 is effectively locked against longitudinal movement along the struts 26 on which it is mounted. In some cases, where it was necessary or desirable to support the motor mount 31 on the struts of greater length than the struts 26 shown in Fig. 4, clip-like locking means, preferably in the form of single-socket connector element as shown at 46 in Fig. 3, could be applied to the strut elements at one or both sides of the motor mount guide members, in order to retain the motor mount in a predetermined axial position along longer struts. In the motor mount device of the invention, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, a hollow cylindrical housing 35, forming an integral part of the motor mount unit 31, is rigidly carried between the guide members 32. For this purpose. portions of the motor housing are integrally associated with the structural web 33, and also with strengthening flanges 36, which extend from the guide members 32 to the sidewalls of the motor housing. The motor housing 35 is adapted to closely and snugly receive a small electrical motor 37 having an output shaft 38. The motor mount housing 35 is provided with a generally closed end 39 and an open end 40. The motor 37 is inserted through the open end 40 of the housing, and its shaft 38 is allowed to project through a central opening 41 provided in the otherwise closed end of the housing. Desirably, a cylindrical closure cap 42 is provided, which is telescopically received within the open end of the housing 35 to completely enclose and seal the motor 37. An electrical socket 43 (Fig. 2) may be provided in the housing cap 42 to provide electrical connection to the motor 37 within. A detachable plug 44, with connections 45 to a suitable power source (e.g., 12 volts) is provided for establishing a power connection to the motor 37. Typically, a suitable control (not shown) is provided to enable off-on and reversing control as well as variable speed. As shown particularly in Figs. 1-3, the output shaft 38 of the motor is provided with a driving gear 47, most advantageously a worm. A worm gear 48, arranged to mesh with the worm 47, is mounted in the assembled coherent structure by means of a "shaft" 49, which is in fact one of the standard strut elements of the construction toy system. With reference to Fig. 4, the structure includes a pair of opposed, centrally mounted, eight-position connector elements 50, which are supported from each of four corner connector assemblies 11, by means of standard strut elements 51. Desirably, in a length progression of standard strut elements in the construction toy system, the elements 30, shown in Fig. 4, are the shortest. The elements 51 are of the next greater size, and it will be evident in Fig. 4 that the elements 51 are of appropriate length to form the hypotenuse side of an isosceles right triangle structure including the shortest strut elements 30 as the base sides. The strut elements 25, forming the vertical connections between upper and lower connector assemblies 11 are of the next longer size in the progression, and serve as the hypotenuse side of an isosceles right triangle in which the connector elements 51 form the base sides. These relationships are evident in Fig. 4. The connector elements 50, at each side of the structure, have a central opening 52 of a size to closely but freely receive the strut 49 for rotation. The strut 49, which can be of any length sufficient to be engaged at both ends by the spaced-apart connector elements 50, can be positioned by, for example, applying single socket connector elements 46 at each end, in such manner that the transverse ribs 20 of the socket engage and grip longitudinal grooves 53 of the strut. The worm gear 48 also is adapted to be closely received over the strut 49 while being normally rotatable with respect thereto. The worm gear is formed with a stabilizing and driving hub 54 and has a pair of longitudinal bores 55 extending through both the gear and the driving hub at a predetermined distance from the axis of the worm gear. For positioning the worm gear, and drivingly connecting it to the strut 49, driving blocks 56 are provided, the configuration of which is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Referring to the last mentioned figures, the drive blocks 56 include a body portion 57 and a socket portion 58 comprising spaced-apart gripping arms 59, 60 having axial grooves 61 and transverse ribs 62, in the same manner as all of the connector elements of the system and in the same manner as, for example, illustrated in Fig. 6. The drive block 56 is adapted to be mounted with the axis of its gripping socket oriented transversely to the axis of a strut element to which it is connected, as shown particularly in Fig. 10. In applying the drive block, the gripping arms 59, 60 are resiliently forced apart, and the ribs 62 are allowed to snap into the longitudinal grooves 53 of the strut. This not only locks the drive block 56 against rotation with respect to the strut, but the friction of the gripping action also holds the drive block in axial position on the strut against all but intentional movement. A drive lug 63 extends laterally from the body 57 of the drive block and is located such as to be receivable in the bores 55 provided in the worm gear 48. Accordingly, after mounting the worm gear 48 on its strut shaft 49, drive blocks 56 are applied to the strut on opposite sides of the worm gear, pressed tightly against the opposite sides of the worm gear and located along the shaft so as to accurately align the worm gear 48 with its driving worm 47, all as shown in Fig. 3. By this means, the strut shaft 49 can be controllably rotated by means of the electric drive motor 37. A set of drive gears is provided, for utilizing the output of the motor 37 in a manner that is fully integrated with the geometry of the construction toy system. The set includes at least one size of pinion gear 70 and at least one size of spur gear 71 adapted for engagement with the pinion gear. The proportioning and sizing of the pinion and spur gears 70, 71 is such that, in a structure of standard struts and connector elements, a gear drive may be assembled in which the pinion gears properly engage with the spur gears, to provide various combinations of mechanical advantage, and spur gears may engage with other spur gears as necessary or desirably to achieve a desired output. With reference particularly to Figs. 1 and 3, a pinion gear 70, formed with an integral driving hub 72, is mounted on the strut shaft 49 and, in the illustrated drive mechanism, is positioned snugly against the outer surface of one of the drive blocks 56 associated with the worm gear 48. An additional drive block 73 and has its drive lug 74 engaged with the driving hub 72 of the pinion. The pinion gear 70 is thus locked for rotation with the strut shaft 49 (and therefore with the worm gear 48) and also is fixed in axial position along the strut shaft 49. The spur gear 71, which is also formed with a driving hub 75, is mounted on a strut 76, which is supported at each end for rotation in central openings 77 formed in the connector elements 29 (Fig. 4) . The connector elements 29 are located directly above the eight-position connector elements 50 which support the worm gear 48 and the pinion 70. The pinion and spur gear 70, 71 are proportioned such that the center-to-center distance, between these two gears in mesh, is exactly the same as the center-to-center distance between the connector elements 29, 50, joined by one of the short struts 30. In addition, the center-to- center distance between a pair of meshing spur gears 71 exactly equals the center-to-center distance between two connector elements joined by a strut 51 of the next larger size. Accordingly, in a coherent structure, assembled using standard struts and connector elements of the construction toy system, it is possible to assemble a complex gear drive mechanism, comprising multiple pinion and spur gear combinations, in order to achieve a desired result. As reflected in Fig. 1, the drive hub 75 for the larger spur gear 71 forms enclosed openings 80 for receiving drive lugs 63 of the drive blocks ' 54. In the case of the smaller diameter pinion 70, extending the drive hub 72 radially outward far enough to completely enclose openings for the drive lugs 63 could result in outermost portions of the drive hubs overlapping the tooth profile of the pinion. Accordingly, the drive hub 72 of the pinion is formed with radially outwardly facing cylindrically contoured grooves 81 which receive only the radially inner portions of the driving lug 74 of the drive block 73 (see Figs. 1 and 3) . In the specific, representative mechanism shown in the drawing, an output element 90, in the form of a grooved pulley or the like (Fig. 3) is mounted on the strut 76. In the manner of the other elements of the drive system, the pulley 90 has a center opening adapted to closely but freely receive the strut 76, and the pulley is both positioned axially on the strut and connected for rotation therewith by means of opposed drive blocks 91, 92. The pulley is formed with a suitable axial opening to receive drive lugs 93 provided on the drive blocks. The system of the present invention provides a novel, simplified and economical arrangement for incorporating a small drive motor into a coherent structure formed of snap- together struts and connector elements. A unitary, molded motor mount unit is formed with a pair of spaced-apart guide elements which engage a pair of spaced-apart strut elements, leaving end portions of the strut elements projecting at each end for snap-in assembly cf the struts into a coherent structure formed of a plurality of connector elements and struts. Once attached, the motor mount and the struts by which it is carried become an integral part of the overall structure. Where desired, the motor mount unit could be molded with projecting corner fittings of the configuration of a strut end, such that the motor mount in effect incorporates its own strut elements. However, greater flexibility in construction is afforded where the motor mount incorporates guide elements which engage standard struts of the construction toy system.

Claims: CLAIMS : 1. A construction toy system forming a coherent struc- ture of connected-together struts and connector elements, and an electrical motor drive mechanism, which comprises, (a) a plurality of rod-like struts (25,26,28,30,51) provided in a plurality of predetermined graduated lengths and each having opposite end portions (21,22,23) contoured for engagement by said connector elements (11,29,50), (b) a plurality of hub-like connector elements, each having a radially spaced array of pairs of gripping arms (15,16) contoured for lateral snap-together engagement with said strut end portions, (c) said struts being provided in a graduated length progression in which struts of one length, when joined to connector elements, are appropriate to form the hypotenuse side of an isosceles right triangle in which the base sides are formed by struts of the next smaller size, when joined to connector elements, (d) said coherent structure including at least two motor support elements (26) secured to first and second connector elements (11) and extending from said connector elements in a first direction and in spaced-apart parallel relation, (e) said motor support elements being contoured (21,22,- 23) at one end for lateral snap-in engagement with pairs of gripping arms on said first and second connector elements, and being similarly contoured at the other end for lateral snap-in engagement with pairs of gripping arms on third and fourth connector elements incorporated in said coherent structure, (f) motor support means (32,33,36) associated with said motor support elements for retaining said motor support elements in fixed, spaced-apart relation and for fixedly mounting an electric motor, and (g) an electrical motor (37) carried by said motor support means and having a rotatable output shaft (38) . 2. A construction toy system according to claim 1, further characterized by (a) a worm (47) connected to said rotatable output shaft, (b) a worm gear (48) driven by said worm, (c) said worm gear being mounted on a gear shaft (49) , (d) a pair of shaft-supporting connector elements (50) forming part of said coherent structure and rotatably supporting said gear shaft in radially offset relation to the output shaft of said motor, (e) said worm gear being supported in meshing engagement with said worm. 3. A construction toy system according to claim 2, further characterized by (a) said worm gear (48) being normally rotatable with respect to said gear shaft (49) , (b) a drive element (56) removably gripping said gear shaft and engaging said worm gear for causing said gear shaft to rotate with said worm gear. 4. A construction toy system according to claim 3, further characterized by (a) said gear shaft (49) having portions of non-circular cross section, (b) said drive element (56) having spaced-apart gripping arms (59,60) removably engaging said gear shaft in a region of non-circular cross section, and (c) said drive element (56) having a projecting drive lug (63) engageable with said worm gear for effectively fixing said worm gear against rotation relative to said gear shaft. 5. A construction toy system according to claim 1, further characterized by (a) said coherent structure comprising a plurality of struts (25,26,28,30,51) and connector elements (11,29,50) forming a generally rectangular skeletal structural unit, (b) said skeletal structural unit having four lower corners and four upper corners, (c) connector elements at each of said four lower and four upper corners, (d) two of said struts (28) being joined with pairs of connectors (11) at said lower corners, (e) shaft-supporting connector elements (50) engaged with and located between pairs of connector elements (11) at said upper corners, (f) a gear shaft (49) rotatably supported by said shaft- supporting connector elements, (g) a driven gear (48) supported by and rotatable with said gear shaft, and (h) a drive gear (47) mounted on the output shaft (38) of said motor (37) and meshing with said driven gear. 6. A construction toy system according to claim 1, further characterized by (a) said motor support elements including rod-like elements (28) , separable from the balance of the motor mounting structure, and engaged at their opposite ends by said connector elements (11) , (b) said motor support means including a rigid member (32,33) lockingly engaged with and supported by said rod- like elements. 7. A construction toy system according to claim 6, further characterized by (a) said motor support means comprising a pair of tubular (32) guide members and means (33) rigidly connecting said tubular guide members to each other, (b) said separable rod-like elements (28) being received within said tubular guide members (32) and having contoured end portions (21,22,28) projecting from the ends of said guide members for lateral snap-in engagement with said connecting elements. 8. A construction toy system according to claim 6, further characterized by (a) said separable rod-like elements (28) comprising selected ones of said struts. 9. A construction toy system according to claim 1, further characterized by (a) a first drive gear (47) mounted on said motor output shaft, (b) a second drive gear (48) positioned in meshing relation with said first drive gear, (c) a support shaft (49) for said second drive gear, comprising one of said rod-like struts, (d) said second drive gear being rotatably mounted on said support shaft, (e) a first drive element (56) removably gripping said support shaft and connecting said second drive gear (48) to said support shaft for rotation therewith, (f) a pinion gear (70) rotatably mounted on said support shaft, (g) a second drive element (73) removably gripping said support shaft (49) and connecting said pinion gear to said support shaft for rotation with said support shaft and said second drive gear, (h) a second support shaft (76) supported for rotation in said coherent structure, (i) a third drive gear (71) rotatably mounted on said second support shaft, (j) a third drive element removably gripping said support shaft and connecting said third drive gear for rotation with said second support shaft, (k) a drive output element (90) rotatably mounted on said second support shaft (76) , and (1) a fourth drive element (91,92) removably gripping said support shaft and connecting said drive output element for rotation with said second support shaft and said third drive gear. 10. A construction toy system according to claim 9, further characterized by (a) said first and second support shafts (49,76) compris- ing two of said struts, (b) said struts having portions (53) of non-circular cross section, (c) said drive elements (54,91,92) each having a body portion (57) and a pair of gripping arms (59,60) extending therefrom and adapted to grip said struts in said portions (53) of non-circular cross section, and having a drive lug (63,74) extending therefrom and engageable with a gear, a pinion, or a drive output element. 11. A construction toy system according to claim 1, further characterized by (a) said motor mount structure (31) including a generally cylindrical housing (35) integrally and rigidly joined therewith and having a generally closed end (39) and an open end (40) , (b) said drive motor (37) being of generally cylindrical external contours and being closely received within the open end of said housing, (c) said motor having a projecting output shaft (38) at one end, (d) said housing having an opening (41) in its generally closed end for the passage of said output shaft, and (e) an end cap member (42) joined with and closing the open end of said housing.

Inventors: GLICKMAN JOEL I, GLICKMAN, JOEL, I.
Applicants: CONNECTOR SET LP, CONNECTOR SET LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Application year: 1994
Main classification: A63H33
IPC codes: A63H29, A63H33