Paper machine headbox

Abstract: An improved end portion flow rate regulating apparatus for a paper machine headbox is disclosed, wherein pipings for end portion flows in a paper machine headbox are made compact, flow directions of jets can be regulated during operation, no stagnation is present in the flows, and a flow of dregs does not occur. Each of tubes 13 in end portions of a tube bank 3 placed in front of a slice chamber 5 of a paper machine headbox for branching flows from a taper header 2, is formed of a first tube consisting of an inlet portion 13a having a small inner diameter, a take-out portion 13b outgoing to the outside of the tube bank 3 and an outlet portion 13c contiguous to the take-out portion 13b, and a second tube 13d having a large inner diameter, and the piping inner diameter of the same take-out portion 13b is made larger than a piping inner diameter d₁ of tubes 4 positioned in the central portion of the tube bank 3. In the take-out portion 13b are provided a flow rate regulating valve 16 and a flow meter 15. Paper making of paper webs having various properties can be achieved by changing flow rates of stock liquid flowing through the tubes 13 in the end portions by means of the flow rate regulating valves and also varying a ratio J/W of a jet velocity from the headbox to a wire velocity.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION: 1. Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to a paper machine headbox as defined in the preamble of claim 1, in which stock liquid is led from a taper header through a tube bank to a slice chamber. 2. Description of the Prior Art: When a continuous stock form for a computer is stacked up after printing, sometimes the phenomena called "oblique tilt", wherein the stock form is stacked up in an oblique direction each time with a little slip, would occur. Also, copy sheets would curl, and sometimes in a sorter, a trouble of paper stoppage would be resulted. One of principal causes of these troubles is considered to be fiber orientation angles of paper or a difference between the respective sides of the fiber orientation angles. In general, in a machine-made paper sheet, many long and slender fibers would align in the paper making direction (MD), and so, if a mechanical strength of paper is compared between the paper making direction (MD) and a cross direction (CD) of the machine at right angles to the former direction, then the mechanical direction in the longitudinal direction (MD) is normally twice or more stronger than the mechanical strength in the cross direction (CD). While the direction of alignment of the most fibers nearly coincides with the direction of paper making, in a paper web made in an end portion of a machine, sometimes the direction of alignment of the most fibers (principal axis of fiber orientation) would slightly deviate from the MD direction of the machine, the angle of this deviation is called "fiber orientation angle", and largeness of this deviation is said "fiber orientation property is poor". Though the fiber orientation angle can be known from a tensile strength measurement of a paper sheet, it has become possible to accurately measure a fiber orientation angle in a short period by means of a measuring instrument called SST (Sonic Sheet Tester) making use of the fact that normally a propagating speed of a supersonic wave through paper is high in the direction of alignment of many fibers. In addition, if the direction of a jet ejected from a headbox is such that a CD component is contained therein, then fiber orientation deviates from the MD direction and a paper web having poor fiber orientation is produced. Accordingly, a headbox in which a CD component (cross-directional flow) contained in a jet is small, is required. In general, in order to eliminate the trouble of "oblique tilt", it is preferable to select a fiber orientation angle at 2° or less. Also with regard to a paper sheet having little curl, it has become known that if the front and rear side portions of the paper sheet are peeled off and the fiber orientation angles of the respective peeled paper sheets are measured, the difference therebetween is small. In this connection, according to proposal in the specification of U.S. Patent 2,904,461, means for injecting fluid from side plates (pond sides) at end portions of an air-cushion headbox is disclosed. Also, according to the official gazette of Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-12602 (1968), bleed means for extracting liquid from side plates of an air-cushion headbox is disclosed. However, in these known apparatus, a flow resistance in the end portions of the air-cushion headbox was increased due to a structure of the end portions of a rectifying roll and a wall surface resistance of the pond sides, as a result, lowering of an end portion flow velocity just in front of a jet port of a slice lip occurred, hence change of flow direction of a slice jet arose, and reduction of a basis weight at end portions on wires as well as an uneven portion having a large basis weight in a portion a little inside of a pond side, were produced. Now the above-referred patents mainly aimed at enhancing a uniformity of a basis weight, and as an inventive concept, they disclose to inject or extract liquid to or from end portions of a headbox. In a hydraulic headbox not having a rectifying roll developed later, also sometimes there was a tendency of generating a similar uneven basic weight due to deficiency of an end portion porosity of a tube bank and a wall surface resistance of a pond side. In addition, even if a basic weight is uniform to such extent that practically it involves no problem, if paper making is effected with the ratio J/W of the jet velocity to the wire velocity held close to 1.00, then sometimes a component in the CD direction became explicit and a fiber orientation angle became about 5° - 10°. Figs. 14 to 16 show one example of a hydraulic headbox in the prior art. Stock liquid flows through a circular-to-rectangular transition approach pipe 1, then flows into a thin-tip rectangular taper header 2, and is branched to tubes 4 aligning in the widthwise direction of a tube bank 3 to have its flow rate distributed. In addition, a part of the flow rate through the header flows out to a recirculation piping 20. Reference numeral 19 designates a valve and numeral 21 designates a flow meter. An inlet portion 4' of the tube 4 is made of a small diameter tube in order to enhance a flow rate distributing capability, and in this portion a flow velocity is raised so that a head loss may become large. Furthermore, an outlet portion 4'' is enlarged in cross-section area to lower a flow velocity for the purpose of preventing a flow velocity of a tube flow flowing out to a slice chamber 5 from becoming excessively large. The slice chamber 5 is divided in the vertical direction by means of sheet-like flow-suppressor elements 6 spreading in the widthwise direction, and thereby jet flows ejected from the tubes 4 are suppressed from gathering and growing into a large flow. A size of disturbance of a flow is limited by the flow-suppressor elements 6 to the same extent as the interval of the sheet-like elements, and also, since a shearing force is applied to fluid, a dispersion state of fibers is greatly improved. Accordingly, a smooth jet in which a size of disturbance is small and dispersion is excellent, can be obtained. In addition, a top plate 7 and a bottom plate 8 of the slice chamber 5 are converging along the flow direction, the top plate 7 can rotate about a pivot 10 to adjust a lip opening of an ejection port 11 of stock liquid. Fine adjustment of a lip opening is effected by flexing a slice lip in the direction of lip opening along the widthwise direction. Reference numeral 18 designates a stock liquid bleed piping for regulating a flow rate in an end portion by extracting stock liquid from a pond side, and if stock liquid is extracted, the flow direction of the jet can be regulated to the outward direction. Also, preliminarily the flow directions of jets are held inward by increasing flow rates in the end portions either by making diameters of the tubes in the end portions larger than those in the central portion or by selecting an alignment pitch of tubes in the end portions larger than that in the central portion, and then the flow directions of jets were regulated by means of the bleed pipings. Fig. 16 shows one example of such flow rate distributions in the widthwise direction of a machine. Through such regulating methods, while an orientation property of fibers of such level that it involves no problem in the case of making common paper is obtained and the fiber orientation property is stable, it was impossible to largely regulate a fiber orientation property during an operation. In addition, while fluid was fed from an inflow piping or a recirculating piping in the heretofore known device for injecting fluid (stock liquid) to end portions of a headbox, there was a shortcoming that if a recirculating flow rate is changed, then especially flow rates in the end portions on the recirculating side would be varied. As described above, in the end portion flow rate regulating apparatus in the prior art, as an injection fluid feed source, an inflow piping or a recirculating piping of a headbox was employed. However, since a mount position of these pipings was a location where a cross-sectional shape of a flow path is interchanged, a flow rate of the fluid at that location was not strictly identical to that in the header portion. Accordingly, on the basis of the Bernoulli's theorem, a pressure (static pressure) is different from that in the header portion. In addition, in the case of a recirculating piping, there was a shortcoming that if a recirculating flow rate is regulated, a flow velocity change is large as compared to the case of an inflow piping, and so, a pressure would change largely. Furthermore, in the heretofore known method, although a stable fiber orientation can be obtained, it was impossible to largely regulate a fiber orientation during an operation. A headbox for a paper making machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed in WO 89/11561. In this headbox the through-flow cross-section of the bundle of pipes provided in the flow channel between the distributing pipe which feeds the pulp and the discharge nozzle can be varied across the width of the headbox for the purpose of controlling the headbox. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: It is the object of the present invention to provide a headbox for a paper making machine which is compact and wherein flow directions of jets can be regulated during operation, no stagnation is present in the flows and a flow of dregs is not produced. According to the present invention there is provided a headbox for a paper making machine, comprising a header, a slice chamber and a tube bank disposed between the header and the slice chamber, said tube bank comprising at least one set of vertically aligned tubes at different levels and means for simultaneously regulating the flow rate through said set of vertically aligned tubes, characterized in that said means for regulating the flow rate comprise an integral block provided with a plurality of through-holes corresponding in diameter and pitch to the inner diameter and pitch of the vertically aligned tubes and being arranged in-line with the passageways of said vertically aligned tubes, and a vertically extending shaft rotatably inserted into said integral block so as to partly intersect with said plurality of through-holes, said shaft being provided with notches extending through portions of said shaft and being formed by machining said through-holes of said integral block with said shaft inserted therein, whereby the flow rate through said set of vertically aligned tubes is simultaneously adjustable by rotating said shaft. In a preferred embodiment of this headbox of the present invention said tube bank comprises at least two sets of vertically aligned tubes, one of which being arranged at each end portion of the headbox in the widthwise direction thereof, and a plurality of tubes arranged therebetween at a central portion of the tube bank, each of said tubes of said sets of vertically aligned tubes arranged at the end portions having a first tubular portion that is straight and a second tubular portion disposed coaxially with said first tubular portion and extending therefrom toward said slice chamber, said second tubular portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the first tubular portion, and the inner diameter of said first tubular portion of each of said tubes of said sets of tubes arranged at the end portions being larger than the inner diameter of the tubes arranged at the central portion, wherein said means for regulating the flow rate are respectively arranged at the first tubular portions of said tubes of said sets of vertically aligned tubes arranged at the end portions so that the flow rates can be simultaneously regulated in each set of vertically aligned tubes. According to the present invention, a stock liquid flow to be fed to the end portion of the headbox is led from the taper header similarly to the tubes in the central portion, the taper header has a rectangular cross-section and it is tapered so as to be thinned along the direction of the machine width, and it is an equal-velocity header designed in such manner that a flow velocity may be maintained constant along the widthwise direction. Therefore, according to the Bernoulli's theorem, a static pressure is stable along the widthwise direction, a stable flow rates in the end portions can be obtained. In addition, the tubes in the end portions are made to have a large inner diameter size so that it allows to flow at a large flow rate as compared to the tubes in the central portion, the flow rate is regulated precisely and with a good reproducibility by means of the flow rate regulating valve, and so, the paper machine can stably manufacture paper sheets having good formation and yet having little oblique tilt and curl. Moreover, a space for disposing a valve is insured, and maintenance and inspection become easy. Furthermore, the flow rate regulating valve of the present invention, is very compact, and so, not only in the tubes in the end portions, but also in the tubes in the second and third rows from the end or even in all the tubes, the flow regulating valve can be inserted, and regulation of flow rate distribution can be achieved more efficiently. The above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reference to the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a cross-section plan view of an end portion flow rate regulating apparatus for a paper machine headbox for explaining certain features of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-section view taken along line Z-Z in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-section plan view of an end portion flow rate regulating apparatus for explaining certain features of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining distributions of a flow rate and a flow direction along the widthwise direction according to the present invention (J/W > 1.0, end portion flow rate → large); Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining distributions of a flow rate and a flow direction along the widthwise direction according to the present invention (J/W > 1.0, end portion flow rate → small); Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining distributions of a flow rate and a flow direction along the widthwise direction according to the present invention (J/W < 1.0, end portion flow rate → large); Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining distributions of a flow rate and a flow direction along the widthwise direction according to the present invention (J/W < 1.0, end portion flow rate → small); Fig. 8 is a plan view of an end portion tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a cross-section view taken along line Y-Y in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a plan view of end portion tubes according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a front view of end portion tubes according to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a cross-section view taken along line X-X in Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a cross-section view taken along line W-W in Fig. 11; Fig. 14 is a cross-section side view of a headbox in the prior art; Fig. 15 is a cross-section plan view of the headbox in Fig. 14; and Fig. 16 is a diagram showing a flow rate distribution along a widthwise direction in one example of a hydraulic headbox in the prior art. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT: In the following, the present invention will be described in greater detail in connection to the accompanying drawings. The structure shown in Fig. 1 is basically identical to the above-described structure in the prior art shown in Fig. 15 except for the point that in Fig. 1, a tube 13 is provided in an end portion of a tube bank 3. End portion tubes 13 and tubes 4 are respectively provided in multiple as aligned in parallel on one side surface of a taper header having a successively narrowing rectangular cross-section. The tube 4 is composed of a first tube 4a which is long and small in diameter and a second tube 4b which is short and large in diameter. On the other hand, the end portion tube 13 is composed of a first tube consisting of an inlet portion 13a having a small inner diameter d 2 , a take-out portion 13b and an outlet portion 13c, and a second tube 13d having a large inner diameter, the inlet portion 13a of the first tube in the end portion opens in one side surface of the taper header 2, and stock liquid flowing through the taper header 2 is branched and enters this first tube inlet portion 13a. A length l 1 of the inlet portion 13a of the first tube is chosen to be 3 d 2 - 5 d 2 , provided that the inner diameter of the inlet portion 13a of the first tube is represented by d 2 , but it could be further longer. The inner diameter d 2 of the inlet portion 13a of the first tube is larger by about 20% - 60% than the inner diameter d 1 of the tube 4 in the central portion. It is to be noted that while the inlet could be subjected to chamfering of about 1 mm, it is not always necessary. Also, since the inlet of the tube 4 in the central portion has a sharp edge, if the inlet of the tube 13 in the end portion is subjected to chamfering or rounding work, then a head loss is reduced, and so an end portion flow rate can be made large. In addition, a projecting length l 2 of the take-out portion is 10 d 2 - 20 d 2 , and a flow regulating valve 16 is provided in this take-out portion 13b. For the flow regulating valve 16, a ball valve or a V-port ball valve is favorable in view of prevention of clogging of fibers. In addition, in the take-out portion 13b in the end portion is provided a flow meter 15 to measure a flow rate. For the flow meter 15, an electromagnetic flow meter is good in precision and so favorable, its inner diameter is chosen to be identical to the inner diameter of the piping of the take-out portion, and thereby clogging of fibers and increase of a head loss are prevented. For the flow meter, besides an electromagnetic flow meter, an elbow differential pressure type flow meter and an across-valve differential pressure type flow meter could be employed for measurement. Furthermore, it is preferable to select the lengths of the take-out portions in the channels aligned vertically to be identical. Thereby, headlosses become identical, and so, since it becomes unnecessary to measure flow rates in the respective channels, advantage in cost is resulted. Also, a radius of curvature R of an elbow in the end portion tube take-out portion 13b is about 2.5 d 2 , a length l 3 of the outlet portion 13c of the end portion first tube outlet portion 13c is chosen to be at least 3 d 2 , and sufficiently it should be 10 d 2 . It is to be noted that the inlet portion 13a of the end portion first tube, the outlet portion 13c and the end portion second tube 13d are disposed along the same axis, the piping inner diameter of the outlet portion 13c of the end portion first tube is basically made larger than the inner diameter of the first tubes in the central portion, thereby a headloss in the abruptly enlarging portion of the double circular tube can be made small as compared to the central portion, and an end portion flow rate can be made large. However, if a flow rate in the take-out portion is sufficiently reduced and the head loss is kept small, then the inner diameter of the outlet portion 13c of the end portion first tube could be made identical to the inner diameter of the first tubes 4 in the central portion. In the headbox shown in Fig. 1, a flow rate in the end portion tube 13 can be regulated independently by means of a flow rate regulating valve 16. In addition, a signal detected by a flow meter 15 provided in the take-out portion 13b of the end portion tube 13 is sent to a flow rate setter 17, which controls the flow rate control valve 16 so as to realize a preset flow rate. Next description will be made on the operation of of this headbox with reference to Fig. 1. A liquid flow is fed from a part of a taper header 2 designed so as to keep flow velocities uniform along the widthwise direction to the end portion flow rate regulating apparatus, a pressure difference between the FR (operation side) and the BK (drive side) is normally 1% or less of an average pressure, and this place is the most suitable location for obtaining a stable end portion flow rate. Since to the end portion tube 13 is also fed a liquid flow from a part of the taper header 2 designed so as to be uniform in the widthwise direction similarly to the tubes 4 of the inlet central portion where stock liquid is branched, a flow velocity as well as a pressure are stabilized. In addition, since the end portion tube 13 is a tube having a large inner diameter size as compared to the inner diameter size of the tubes 4 in the central portion, it allows liquid to flow at a large flow rate, hence as will be described later, by regulating the end portion flow rate and J/W, a cross-direction flow component (CD component) is eliminated in the jet ejected from the headbox, and a paper web having an excellent fiber orientation property can be obtained. In Fig. 1, if the end portion flow rate regulating valve 16 is adjusted, a flow velocity distribution of the jet ejected from the headbox can be changed. More particularly, if the flow rate is increased by opening the regulating valve 16, then as shown at A in Fig. 1 the flow velocities at the opposite ends become fast. Whereas if the flow rate is decreased by closing the regulating valve 16, then as shown at C in Fig. 1 the flow velocities at the opposite ends become slow. Accordingly, by appropriately adjusting an opening degree of the regulating valve 16, a flow velocity distribution as shown at B which is close to an ideal distribution can be obtained. Next, description will be made on the fact that fiber orientation properties can be varied by means of the end portion flow rate regulating apparatus. Figs. 4 to 7 are schematic views to be referred to for explaining a regulating action of distributions of flow rates and flow directions (velocity vectors) along the widthwise direction of a paper machine according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention. Stock liquid ejected from a headbox has its flow rates at the opposite end portions reduced as shown in these figures due to influence of friction of the side plates of the headbox. Now, the directions of flows (flow directions) (represented by arrows) of stock liquid after the stock liquid ejected from a headbox jet port has landed on a wire, will be directed in the "traveling direction" relative to the wire in the case of J/W > 1.00 because the stock liquid moves faster than the wire as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, whereas in the case of J/W < 1.00, the flow directions of the stock liquid will be directed in the "opposite direction" to the traveling direction as pulled by the wire because the stock liquid moves slower than the wire as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. On the other hand, if the flow rate in the end portion tube 13 is made larger than the flow rate in the tube 4 in the central portion (hereinafter represented as "the flow rate in the end portion is made large"), then the flow directions become inward (the direction toward the center along the widthwise direction) and result in transverse flows as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. On the contrary, if the flow rate in the end portion tube 13 is made smaller than the flow rate in the central portion tube 4 (hereinafter represented as "the flow rate in the end portion is made small"), then the flow directions become outward (the direction toward the end portion along the widthwise direction) and result in transverse flows as shown in Figs. 5 and 7. In addition, since fibers in stock liquid have the nature of aligning in the direction of flow, a paper web in which many fibers align in the directions of resultant vectors shown in Figs. 4 to 7, can be made. The orientations of fibers shown in Figs. 4 and 7 are converging in the traveling direction, and when a paper web having such fiber orientations is being made, even if an ear portion of the paper web should tear a little, the paper web would not break because the tear does not extend inwards, and so such fiber orientations are extremely favorable in view of a production efficiency. Accordingly, a paper web having good formation and ear portions hardly broken, can be made by selecting the conditions illustrated in Fig. 4. Heretofore, in a headbox having a small flow rate in its end portion, in the case of making paper under the condition of J/W > 1.0 which results in good formation, fibers in ear portions were directed in the direction of being broken easily as shown in Fig. 5. According to the present invention, it is possible to make paper taking into consideration characteristics of paper and a production efficiency depending upon requirements for the paper as described above. If these conditions are combined, paper making according to a combination of four conditions as indicated in Table-1, becomes possible. Corresponding figure J/W Flow rate in the end portion Flow direction in the end portion Paper property Fiber orientation (along MD direction) Paper strength of ear Fig. 4 >1.00 large inward good formation converging hard to break Fig. 5 >1.00 small outward good formation diverging easy to break Fig. 6 <1.00 large inward little curl diverging easy to break Fig. 7 <1.00 small outward little curl converging hard to break In general, in the case of J/W = 1.00 - 1.02, formation is good, while in the case of J/W = 0.97 - 1.00 a paper web having little curl can be obtained. The reason why the piping of the end portion flow rate regulating apparatus according to the present invention once makes a detour from the inlet portion of the end portion tube 13 to the outside of the tube bank 3 and then returns to the outlet portion of the same tube, is for the purpose of equipping an electromagnetic flow meter 15 and a flow rate regulating valve 16 in this tube portion to facilitate maintenance and inspection of these devices. A difference between the headbox in Fig. 3 and the one in Fig. 1 exists in that flow rate detecting means 14 is provided on a tube 4 in the central portion, and in the second preferred embodiment since the flow rate in the end portion tube is set relatively to a flow rate in a tube in the central portion, it becomes possible to set a flow rate in the end portion in proportion to a flow rate in the central portion. Although a small-size electromagnetic flow meter or a differential pressure type flow meter could be provided directly in the central portion as the central portion tube flow rate detecting means 14 to make measurement, it is also possible to detect a flow rate in a tube flow rate in the central portion per unit tube by subtracting a recirculation flow rate from a flow rate in the inflow tube and further subtracting flow rates in the end portions on the both sides from the difference. In this headbox shown in Fig. 3, data such as a lip opening degree, a wire velocity, a cross-directional basis weight profile data measured by an on-machine basis weight scanner, and the like are taken in a flow rate control unit, and an end portion flow rate is automatically set according to a paper-making condition. In addition, a jet velocity meter 24 for MD-direction measurement which measures a velocity of a jet in a noncontact fashion and a jet velocity meter 25 for CD-direction measurement are traversibly provided. By means of these two velocity meters, a flow direction of a jet is measured, and a recirculation flow rate, an end portion tube flow rate and a bleed flow rate are compositely controlled by a flow rate control unit so that the direction of the jet may coincide with the MD-direction. By regulating the recirculation flow rate, the flow direction of the jets over the entire width of the headbox is made to coincide with the MD-direction. And flow rate regulation in the end portion is effected by the end portion tube and thereby fiber orientation in the end portion adapted to a paper web to be produced is realized. Furthermore, fine adjustment of a flow direction just in front of an ejecting port is effected by means of a bleed flow rate. Fig. 8 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 9 is a cross-section view taken along line Y-Y in Fig. 8. In this preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 8 and 9, end portion tubes 26 align four in the vertical direction, and flow rate regulation for these four tubes 26 is carried out by means of a single flow rate regulating valve 27. The flow rate regulating valve 27 is composed of an integral block 28, a shaft 29 and an electric motor unit 30. In addition as shown in Fig. 9, holes 31 aligned in a row penetrate partly the block 28 and the shaft 29. Accordingly, in some parts of the shaft 29 are formed notches 32. By rotating the shaft 29, a part of the penetrating holes 31 are blocked to regulate flow rates in the end portion tubes 26. It is to be noted that since it is unnecessary to reduce the flow rate up to zero, the valve could be unable to be fully closed. In this third preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 8 and 9, as compared to the first preferred embodiment a head loss is little and a flow rate in the end portion can be made large, because the regulating apparatus is compact and the length of the take-out portion is short. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in plan in Fig. 10, in which in an end portion of a tube bank 3 are provided two kinds of end portion tubes 33 and 34, and in a part of the take-out portion is provided a flow rate regulating valve 35. In this preferred embodiment, the region of an end portion of the tube bank 3 where flow rate regulation in the end portion is effected, is broad as compared to the above-described preferred embodiments. Figs. 11 to 13 illustrate a further preferred embodiment of the present invention. The above-described preferred embodiments are all provided with an end portion flow rate regulating apparatus for a paper machine headbox characterized by a piping once outgoing from a small-diameter tube inlet portion of a tube in an end portion of a tube bank 3 to the outside of the tube bank 3 and thereafter returning to a small-diameter tube outlet portion of the above-mentioned tube, the inner diameter of the piping in the aforementioned take-out portion is made larger than the tube inner diameter of the small-diameter tube inlet portion of the tube positioned in the central portion of the tube bank 3, and flow rate regulating means is provided in the aforementioned take-out portion. However, in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, a novel end portion flow rate regulating apparatus for a paper machine headbox making use of the flow rate regulating valve disclosed in the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 8, in which flow rates in a plurality of tubes aligned vertically can be simultaneously regulated by means of a single spindle, is disclosed. Now in Fig. 11, flow rate regulation in four end portion tubes 40 aligned in the vertical direction and positioned in an end portion of the tube bank 3, is carried out by means of a single flow rate regulating valve 37 assembled in the inside of the tube bank 3. As shown in Fig. 12, this flow rate regulating valve 37 is assembled in the midway of a small-diameter tube portion of the end portion tube 40. Also, the respective bores in the pipe 36, the flow rate regulating valve 37 and the pipe 38 have the same inner diameter d 3 , and these bores are disposed coaxially. It is to be noted that the inner diameter d 3 of the small-diameter tube of the end portion tube 40 is larger than the inner diameter d 1 of the small-diameter tube portion of the tube 4 in the central portion, and preferably the inner diameter d 3 is d 3 = 1.1 - 1.5 d 1 . Reference 42 designates a sheet member, and it is bonded to a main body of the tube bank 3. In addition, the pipes 36 and a flange 46 are assembled in the tube bank 3 after completion of assembly in the outside place, and fixedly secured there. Likewise, the pipes 38, the pipes 39 and a flange 43 are also, after completion of assembly in the outside place, assembled in the tube bank and fixedly secured. In addition, as shown in Fig. 13, the flow rate regulating valve 37 is composed of an integral block 44, a shaft 29 and an electric motor unit 30, and it is detachably assembled to the above-described sheet member 42 in the end portion of the tube bank 3 by means of bolts. In this case, the shaft 29 is inserted into the block 44, and a plurality of aligned through-holes 31 are drilled as shown in Fig. 13. The hole 31 partly passes the shaft 29 and penetrates the block 44. Accordingly, a notch 32 is formed in one part of the shaft 29. By rotating the shaft 29, the through-holes 31 are partly blocked, and thereby the flow rates in the end portion tubes 40 aligning in the vertical direction are simultaneously regulated. However, in this case, since there is no need to reduce the flow rates to zero, the valve could be unable to be perfectly closed. In one experiment conducted by the inventors of this invention, a shaft diameter of d 4 = 1.5 d 3 and an offset amount between a center axis of the hole 31 and the center axis of the shaft 29 equal to 0.5 d 3 were employed, but the present invention should not be limited to such values. Also, as shown in Fig. 12, one surface 41 of the block 44 is inclined with respect another surface 45 on the opposite side, so that the block 44, i.e., whole of the flow rate regulating valve 37 can be easily mounted and demounted. As described in detail above, according to the present invention, since a flow feed source of an end portion flow regulating apparatus is disposed in a taper header portion on the inside of a pond width, even if a recirculation flow rate or an ejection flow rate of a headbox should vary, a stable pressure can be obtained, and a flow rate in an end portion is stably obtained. In addition, since the piping of the take-out portion of the tube for regulating an end portion flow rate is compact and cheep in cost, and moreover since there is not stagnated portion of a flow, inconveniences caused by a flow of dregs would not occur. Moreover, since the tubes in the end portions were reduced in number as compared to the central portion or made to allow a lot of flow, flow directions of the jets in the end portions can be regulated, and regulation can be done during an operation so that orientation of fibers may align with the flow direction of the machine. Accordingly, a paper web having improved fiber orientation and little oblique tilt or curl can be produced. Also, since the end portion tubes have been taken out to the outside so that a flow rate regulating valve and a flow meter can be mounted, if necessary, it is possible to perform measurement of a flow rate and precise flow rate control, and maintenance also can be achieved easily. Furthermore, in the paper machine headbox of the invention , it is unnecessary to take out end portion tubes to the outside of the tube bank as is the case in the apparatus featured in the figures 1 to 3. Accordingly, protrusion of tubes from the end portions of the tube bank is reduced to about 50 mm in the invention in contrast to the protrusion of about 300 mm in the headbox of figures 1 to 3, and so, a more compact end portion flow rate regulating apparatus can be offered. In addition, since there is no need to take out tubes to the outside, the length of the small-diameter piping of the tube can be shortened by about 50 - 100 mm as compared to the headbox of figures 1 to 3. Accordingly, design of a more compact tube bank becomes possible. Moreover, since the above-described flow rate regulating valve is in itself very compact, instead of the flow rate regulation only in the end portion, the present invention can be applied more widely to regulation of a flow rate distribution over the entire width of the headbox by employing the flow rate regulating valve according to the present invention not only to the end portions of the tube bank but also to the tubes in the second and third rows from the end portion or to all the tubes in the tube bank.

Claims: A headbox for a paper making machine, comprising a header (2), a slice chamber (5) and a tube bank (3) disposed between the header (2) and the slice chamber (5), said tube bank (3) comprising at least one set of vertically aligned tubes (26,40) at different levels and means (27,37) for simultaneously regulating the flow rate through said set of vertically aligned tubes, characterized in that said means (27,37) for regulating the flow rate comprise an integral block (28,44) provided with a plurality of through-holes (31) corresponding in diameter and pitch to the inner diameter and pitch of the vertically aligned tubes (26,40) and being arranged in-line with the passageways of said vertically aligned tubes, and a vertically extending shaft (29) rotatably inserted into said integral block (28,44) so as to partly intersect with said plurality of through-holes (31), said shaft (29) being provided with notches (32) extending through portions of said shaft (29) and being formed by machining said through-holes (31) of said integral block (28,44) with said shaft (29) inserted therein, whereby the flow rate through said set of vertically aligned tubes (26,40) is simultaneously adjustable by rotating said shaft (29). The headbox for a paper making machine according to claim 1, wherein said tube bank (3) comprises at least two sets of vertically aligned tubes (40), one of which being arranged at each end portion of the headbox in the widthwise direction thereof, and a plurality of tubes (4) arranged therebetween at a central portion of the tube bank (3), each of said tubes of said sets of vertically aligned tubes (40) arranged at the end portions having a first tubular portion (36,38) that is straight and a second tubular portion disposed coaxially with said first tubular portion (36,38) and extending therefrom toward said slice chamber (5), said second tubular portion having an inner diameter (D1) larger than that of the first tubular portion (36,38), and the inner diameter (d 3 ) of said first tubular portion (36,38) of each of said tubes (40) of said sets of tubes arranged at the end portions being larger than the inner diameter (d 1 ) of the tubes (4) arranged at the central portion, wherein said means (27,37) for regulating the flow rate are respectively arranged at the first tubular portions (36,38) of said tubes of said sets of vertically aligned tubes (40) arranged at the end portions so that the flow rates can be simultaneously regulated in each set of vertically aligned tubes (40).

Inventors: FUJIKI KEIICHI, MAKINO TETSUO, TAJIMA TOSHIMI, FUJIKI, KEIICHI, MAKINO, TETSUO, TAJIMA, TOSHIMI, Fujiki, Keiichi, c/o Mihara Machinery Works, Makino, Tetsuo, c/o Mihara Machinery Works, Tajima, Toshimi, c/o Mitsubishi Jukogyo K. K.
Applicants: MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND LTD, MITSUBISHI JUKOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1993
Main classification: D21F1
IPC codes: D21F1