Drum brake clearance adjustment staying device

Abstract: To enable simple insertion and removal of the temperature sensor and to regulate the blind movement of the temperature sensor in an automatic shoe clearance adjustment device. Mounting holes 25 and 85 are bored into the shoe web 22 of one brake shoe 20 and the base end 81 of the temperature sensor 80 respectively, and a clip is inserted through both holes, thereby energizing the temperature sensor in the direction towards the surface of the shoe web and into the said detector hole 24 , and elastically affixing the temperature sensor to the said shoe web.

Description: Background to Invention This invention relates to a drum brake equipped with a device that automatically adjusts shoe clearances, and more specifically relates to a drum brake clearance adjustment staying device that halts this said clearance adjustment when the brake temperature rises. This type of device has been disclosed in the publications of examined JP-A-1026036 and JP-A2011768. A drum brake is generally fitted with an automatic shoe clearance adjustment device. This is a device in which a protrusion at one end of a bell crank lever, mounted to pivot on a strut, interlocks in a hole moulded in one shoe web, with a slack in the direction of movement of the brake shoe; and when wear of the brake shoe lining would cause the amount of expansion of the brake shoes to exceed the said slack, the bell crank lever pivots to expand the diameter between the two brake shoes thereby automatically reducing the excess clearance. The brake clearance adjustment device functions in the same manner should the brake drum thermally expand with friction; hence, when the brake drum cools and contracts, the clearance between it and the brake shoe becomes much too narrow. A brake clearance adjustment staying device was developed to resolve this problem, and comprises a flat temperature sensor, which starts to deform at a specified temperature, with its base end riveted to the shoe web and a detector component, bent and molded at the free end of the temperature sensor, interlocking in the hole in which the protrusion of the bell crank lever is inserted; wherein if the brake temperature starts to rise, the detector component of the temperature sensor slips out of the hole in the shoe web and starts to deform in the direction to actually increase the above-mentioned slack. Conventional clearance adjustment staying devices as described above have the following problematic features. (1) The temperature sensor must be pre-mounted to a segment of the brake shoe with rivets. Accordingly, handling and stacking during shipping of a brake shoe with a mounted temperature sensor could deform said component. (2) If the brake shoe has to be replaced because of lining wear, the entire unit including the temperature sensor has to be replaced. (3) The temperature sensor is affixed to the shoe web by rivets inserted into round holes bored through both materials, after which the rivets are caulked; however caulking of the rivets is tedious, requiring special caulking equipment. (4) Since the shoe web and the temperature sensor are fitted together with rivets inserted in round holes, the temperature sensor can rotate freely relative to the shoe web, wherein the detector component of the temperature sensor can slip out of the hole in the web, and even become stranded on top of the web, where it will lose its basic function. The objective of this invention is to provide a drum brake clearance adjustment staying device in which the temperature sensor can easily slip in and out of the shoe web, and wherein the blind movement of the temperature sensor can be regulated. In accordance with the present invention this object is attained for a drum brake clearance adjustment staying device as described in the preamble of claim 1 by the feature of the characterizing part. A drum brake clearance adjustment staying device comprising these features shows following advantages: (1) The detector component of the temperature sensor which slips out of the detector hole in the shoe web will always return into the said hole even if there is a slight looseness between the clip, the mounting hole of the temperature sensor, and the mounting hole of the shoe web. This ensures that the shoe clearance adjustment function is not lost, thus improving the reliability of operation. (2) The base end of the temperature sensor contacts the shoe web by a clip inserted from the reverse side of the back plate; thus the temperature sensor can be mounted after the brake is assembled. This will prevent deformation of the temperature sensor through handling and stacking during transport. (3) The temperature sensor is not permanently attached to the shoe web and can be removed and re-used after replacement of the brake shoe. (4) The temperature sensor contacts the shoe web by means of a clip; thus mounting is simple without the need for special equipment. (5) The shoe web and the base end of the temperature sensor are elastically fitted together by means of a heteromorphous clip, thus the temperature sensor does not rotate towards the surface of the shoe web and the free end is not displaced from the detector hole to remain stranded on top of the shoe web. (6) An elastic interlocking wedge can be integrally molded to the base end of the temperature sensor to reduce the number of parts. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a planar diagram of a drum brake. Figure 2 is a cross section diagram of Part II-II of Figure 1. Figure 3 is an assembly diagram of the temperature sensor. Figure 4 is an enlarged diagram of the area within the circle indicated by IV in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a cross section diagram of part V-V of Figure 1. Figure 6 is a planar diagram to explain the operation of the temperature sensor. Figure 7 is a planar diagram of the temperature sensor as observed from the head. Figure 8 is a frontal diagram of the temperature sensor. Figure 9 is a side diagram of the temperature sensor. Figure 10 is an explanatory diagram of another type of temperature sensor as embodied in Example 3. Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram of another type of temperature sensor as embodied in Example 4. Example 1 This invention is explained by the following examples with reference to the attached diagrams. A. Drum brake Figure 1 and Figure 2 illustrate examples of a drum brake fitted with an automatic shoe clearance adjustment device and a clearance adjustment staying device. The back plate 10 is affixed to the vehicle body, and a pair of left and right brake shoes 20, 30 are set inside the said back plate such that they can open and expand. Said brake shoes 20, 30 are formed from shoe webs 22, 32 bonded on the inner circumference of arc-shaped rims 21, 31, and friction liners 23, 33 affixed on the external circumference thereof. The wheel cylinder 40 , that expands the brakes shoes 20, 30, and the anchor 41 that becomes the fulcrum for the brake shoes 20, 30 to expand and contract, are positioned on the upper and lower end respectively inside the back plate 10. The upper return spring 50 and lower return spring 51 , each constantly energized in the direction of contraction, are tensioned between the brake shoes 20, 30. The brake lever 60 penetrates through the back plate 10, wherein one end of the said brake lever pivots at the right end of the strut 70 by means of pin 61 ; the locking arm 62 of the said brake lever 60 interlocks in the hollow hole 34 bored in the shoe web 32 of the brake shoe 30 on the right side of the diagram; the other end of the brake level 60 is connected to a tension cable not shown in the diagram. B. Automatic shoe clearance adjustement device The bell crank lever 72 pivots by means of pin 71 at the left end of the flat strut 70; and the protrusion 72a at one end of the said bell crank lever 72 interlocks in the detector hole 24 bored into the brake shoe 20 on the left side of the diagram. The shoe web 32 of the other brake shoe fits into the groove 73 on the right end of the strut 70, and a spring 53 tensioned between the strut 70 and the shoe web 32 constrains any rattling between the two components. The toothed edge 72b of the bell crank lever 72 curved radially around the pin 71 meshes with the toothed mating edge 74 on the left side (of diagram) of the strut 70 ; and spring 54 , energized in the direction to mesh the toothed edge 72b with the toothed mating edge 74 is tensioned between the pill 71 and strut 70. Except for the clearance adjustement staying device to be described below, the configuration of the brake and the action and other features of the automatic shoe clearance adjustement device explained above are similar to conventional devices. C. Clearance adjustement staying device Figure 3 illustrates the state of the clearance adjustment staying device before assembly into the automatic shoe clearance adjustement device, and Figure 4 illustrates its state after assembly. As shown in Figure 3, the temperature sensitive component 80 which detects a temperature rise in the brakes and deforms accordingly, is molded from a flat strip of bimetallic or shape-memory alloy or similar metal, and is comprised of a base end 81 affixed to the shoe web 22 of one brake shoe 20, a free end 82 extending from the said base end in the same plane, a hook 83 extending from and in the same plane as the free end 82, and a detector 84 bent at right angles to the flat surface of the hook 83. The assembly configuration of the temperature sensor 80 of this invention has been modified as follows. A mounting hole 85 of the same shape as a triangular, polygonal, or other heteromorphous mounting hole 25 bored in the shoe web 22, is bored into the base end 81 of the temperature sensor 80 ; and the temperature sensor 80 is elastically attached to the brake shoe 20 by means of clip 90, shown in the diagram, that fits through both mounting holes 25, 85. As shown in Figure 4, the detector 84 of the temperature sensor 80 is inserted into the detector hole 24 in the shoe web 22 so as to abut the side face of protrusion 72a of the bell crank lever 72 , such that a specified slack g is secured at normal temperatures between the detector 84 and the detector hole 24. The clip 90 has another function in addition to elastically affixing the base end 81 of the temperature sensor 80 to the shoe web 22 ; as shown in Figure 6, the temperature sensor 80 is energized with a rolational force to pivot around the clip 90 in a counterclockwise direction A (the direction outward from the center of an imaginary circle formed by the pair of brake shoes 20, 30 ). The clip 90 was provided with this function for the following reason. Fitting of the clip 90, the mounting hole 85 of the temperature sensor 80, and the mounting hole 25 of the shoe web 22 is such as to cause rattling of the three components, wherein when the temperature falls, the detector 84 of the temperature sensor 80 could get snagged and remain outside of the detector hole 24 . This would create an excessive slack of the protrusion 72a of the bell crank lever 72 inside the detetor hole 24 , and the normal automatic shoe clearance adjustement function will be lost. Thus, to prevent this type of dangerous situation, the clip 90 constantly energizes the detector 84 in the direction to be housed securely within the detector hole 24. D. Clip Figures 5-9 illustrate the clip 90 . The clip 90 is comprised of an insertable stem 91 of a cross section shape corresponding to and therefore insertable through the mounting hole 85 in the base end of the temperature sensor 80 and the mounting hole 25 in the shoe web 22, and a head 92 molded of a diameter greater than and glued with resin or other substance on top of the insertable body 91 to form an integrated unit. The insertable stem 91 forms a reverse-S in the cross section, and at minimum, the two side faces 91a and 91b facing each other are elastic. These faces must be elastic so that when squeezed for insertion into the mounting holes 85 and 25 , an elastic force (rotational force) will be generated in clip 90. To provide this elastic force the clip 90 should be molded of a dimension such that in its free state, it will be bigger than the said mounting holes 85, 25 . On the exterior surface of these side faces 91a and 91b , an interlocking wedge 93 is molded in the shape of a wedge around the point of symmetry, increasing in thickness in the direction from the bottom towards the head 92. This interlocking wedge 93 abuts against the bottom face of the shoe web 22, and functions together with the head 92 to keep the base end 81 of the temperature sensor 80 and the shoe web 22 fitted together. Hence, the interlocking wedge 93 is not restricted to a two-piece unit as shown in the figure, but can be a 4-piece, or even a 3-or-5-piece unit corresponding to the shape of the mounting holes 25, 85 . Several strips 95 project vertically down from around the circumference of the neck 94 at the top of the insertable stem 91 . These strips 95 reduce the contact resistance between the mounting holes 85 and 25 of the temperature sensor 80 and the shoe web 22 respectively, and facilitate the insertion or removal of the clip 90 , and can be omitted. The operation of the clearance adjustment staying device will be explained next. A. Insertion and removal of temperature sensor To date, the temperature sensor 80 had to be mounted by rivets or other means onto a specific brake shoe before assembling the brake shoes 20, 30 into the brake assembly. In this invention, the temperature sensor 80 need not be pre-installed onto the brake shoe 20 , but can be installed as follows after the brake shoes 20, 30 are assembled inside the brake assembly. As shown in Figure 3, the temperature sensor is mounted on the lower face of the brake shoe 20 on the reverse side of the back plate 10 . To mount the sensor, the detector 84 is inserted into the detector hole 24 of the said brake shoe 20. The mounting hole 85 of the temperature sensor 80 and the mounting hole 25 of the brake shoe 20 are aligned, and the insertable stem 91 of the clip 90 is inserted until the head 92 presses against the temperature sensor 80, and the interlocking wedge 93 locks onto the lower face of the shoe web 22. The base end of the temperature sensor will thus be elastically affixed to the shoe web 22 . Then as shown in Figure 6, the temperature sensor 80 receives the rotational force of the clip 90 , the detector 84 at the tip of the temperature sensor 80 abuts the bell crank lever 72 as shown in Figure 4, and a specified slack g (Figure 4) will be secured between the detector 84 and the detector hole 24 . B. Operation during temperature rise Should the temperature inside the drum brake reach the set temperature, the temperature sensor 80 with its base end 81 as the pivot point as shown in Figure 5, actively moves in the direction to separate from the shoe web 22 of the brake shoe 20 ; and, as shown by the broken line in Figure 4, the detector 84 slips out of the detector hole 24 of the shoe web 22 , wherein the slack of the protrusion 72a of the bell crank lever 72 inside the said detector hole expands. As a result, should the brake drum thermally expand causing the clearance between the brake shoes 20, 30 and the brake drum to increase, the automatic shoe clearance adjustment becomes suspended even if the brake shoes 20, 30 move beyond what is required. Also, as shown in Figure 6, the temperature sensor expelled from the detector hole 24 receives the rotational force of the clip 90 and rotates only very slightly around the said clip. The state of the detector 84 of the temperature sensor 80 after rotation is shown by the dotted line. C. Operation during temperature drop As the temperature inside of the drum brake starts to fall, the temperature sensor 80 deforms in the direction to abut the shoe web 22 of the brake shoe. Since, as shown in Figure 6, the temperature sensor 80 is changing position with receipt of the rotational force of the clip 90 , then the detector 84 returns securely into the detector hole 24 despite a slight looseness between the clip 90 , the mounting hole 85 of the temperature sensor 80 , and the mounting hole 25 of the shoe web 22 . D. Shoe replacement In replacing the brake shoes 20, 30, a proper tool is used to pinch the interlocking wedge 93 of the clip 90 , and remove the clip 90 in the direction of the head 92 . The temperature sensor 80 is then dismounted from the brake shoe 20 . Example 2 The clip 90 need not be glued together with resin as described above, but can for example be of a flat spring or wire spring construction. Example 3 Figure 10 illustrates another embodiment of this invention wherein the clip is molded to the temperature sensor 80a as one integral unit. In explaining this example, those components in positions identical with previous examples have the same identification symbols, and an explanation is omitted. The base end 81 of the temperature sensor 80 is molded like a box, but with the two facing sides 81a and 81b extended to form segments 81c and 81d respectively, which are bent backwards to form elastic interlocking components 81e and 81f respectively. The upper portion of each interlocking component 81e and 81f is cut away to a specified width in order to abut the underside of the shoe web (not shown in diagram). The design of this invention as embodied in this example eliminates the need for an independent clip 90 as used as in the previous examples, thus reducing the numbers of parts and facilitating assembly. Example 4 Figure 11 illustrates another temperature sensor in which curves 86 are molded in the body and the free end 82 is bent. The inclusion of these curves 86 lengthens the free end 82 to improve temperature sensitivity.

Claims: Drum brake clearance adjustment staying device comprising: an automatic clearance adjuster configured from a strut (70) positioned between two facing brake shoes (20, 30) with a bell crank lever (72) mounted to pivot at one end of the strut (70), with said bell crank lever (72) having a protrusion (72a) at one end that interlocks with a specified slack into a detector hole (24) bored into one shoe web (22), wherein should the amount of expansion of the brake shoes (20, 30) exceed said specific slack, the bell crank lever (72) pivots to automatically adjust the clearance between the brake shoes (20, 30) and the drum, and a flat temperature sensor (80) configured with its base end (81) mounted to the shoe web (22), and an edge of the opposite free end (82) bent at right angles to form a detector (84) that interlocks into a detector hole (24) bored into the said shoe web (22), wherein, as the brake temperature rises, the detector (84) of the said temperature sensor (80) slips out of the shoe web (22) to enable the temperature sensor (80) to deform in the direction to substantially increase the above-described slack, and wherein, when the brake temperature decreases, the temperature sensor (80) deforms in the direction towards the shoe web (22), characterized in that the base end (81) of the temperature sensor (80) is elastically affixed to said shoe web (22) by means of a clip (90), thereby energizing the detector (84) of the temperature sensor (80) by a rotational force in the direction outward from the center of an imaginary circle formed by the pair of brake shoes (20, 30). Drum brake clearance adjustment staying device according to claim 1, wherein said clip (90) is integrally formed with said temperature sensor (80). Drum brake clearance adjustment staying device according to claim 1, wherein curves (86) are formed in the body of the temperature sensor (80) in order to improve temperature sensitivity.

Inventors: AKIMOTO SHINSUKE, IIZUKA YUKIO, MATSUNAGA RYOSUKE, MINAI TOSHIKI, AKIMOTO, SHINSUKE, IIZUKA, YUKIO, MATSUNAGA, RYOSUKE, MINAI, TOSHIKI
Applicants: NISSHIN SPINNING, TOGO SEISAKUSHO KK, NISSHINBO INDUSTRIES INC., TOGO SEISAKUSYO CORPORATION
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F16D65
IPC codes: F16D65