Connecting block

Abstract: A printed circuit board mountable connecting block is provided with electrical contacts (26) which include an insulation displacement slot (34) at one end and a circuit mountable mounting tail (74) at the other end. This mounting tail may comprise a conventional solder mounting tail, or in a preferred embodiment, may comprise a "solderless" press-fit mounting tail, e.g. a resilient element. The connecting block may be mounted directly onto (e.g., through) a printed circuit board (57) (or other electronic component).

Description: This invention relates generally to a connecting block and more particularly to a connecting block for use in the communications industry comprising a housing having first and second spaced apart sidewalls and opposed upper and lower ends and a plurality of spaced apart insulation penetrating beam contacts in said housing. Wire connecting systems of the type described hereinbefore are well known and commercially available from AT&T Technologies as the "110 connector system". "110 type wiring systems" are described in several prior patents including U.S. Patent Nos 3,611,264; 3,798,587 and 4,118,095. Wire connecting blocks of the type disclosed in B.C. Ellis, Jr. U.S. Patent No 3,611,264 issued October 5, 1971, include an indexing strip (wiring block) and a connecting block, the latter of which carries a plurality of slotted beam contacts. The indexing strip has a plurality of uniform height, spaced-apart teeth along its length. These teeth aid in indexing a first set of conductors. A corresponding plurality of uniform height, spaced-teeth carried by the connecting block serve to index a second set of conductors to be cross-connected through the slotted beam contact to the first set of conductors. A number of improvements to the basic Ellis, Jr. connecting block are disclosed in B.C. Ellis, Jr. et al U.S. Patent No 3,798,587 issued March 19, 1974. In the improved version, the spaced-apart teeth in both the indexing strip and the connecting block are staggered in height to facilitate indexing each set of conductors. The Ellis, Jr. et al connecting block is a two-piece structure comprised of matching halves which are secured together following insertion of the slotted beam contacts. However, it has been found that when the connecting block is placed over the indexing strip in cold temperatures, certain stresses are applied to the bond between the two connector parts. These stresses often rupture the bond causing failure of the entire unit. The problems associated with U.S. Patent No 3,798,587 were improved upon in U.S. Patent No 4,118,095 issued October 3, 1978 to Berglund et al. As in U.S. Patent Nos 3,611,264 and 3,798,587, Berglund et al relates to a wire connecting block which includes a pair of mating connectors (e.g., connecting block and wiring block) for effecting electrical cross-connections between a first set of conductors and a second set of conductors. The first connector indexes the first conductors and holds them in alignment for engagement with a plurality of insulation-penetrating slotted beam contacts carried by the second connector. Rather than the connecting block comprising two substantially matching halves as in U.S. Patent No 3,798,587, in the Berglund et al patent, the connecting block comprises a housing which mates with a discrete anchoring member. The separate anchoring member is a molded piece which acts to position and retain the plurality of spaced beam contacts. While the use of the houding/anchoring member presents an improvement to the structure of U.S. Patent No 3,798,587, the Berglund et al structure nevertheless suffers from certain deficiencies and drawbacks. For example, the connecting block of Berglund et al is still comprised of two discrete molded parts (e.g., the housing member and the anchoring member). The use of the second molded part (e.g., anchoring member) to hold in contacts increases assembly time, inventory, tooling cost and, consequently, the overall cost of the part to the end user. In addition, the second molded part (e.g., anchoring member) may be removed (for example, due to a faulty ultrasonic weld) thereby destroying the connector assembly. Another detrimental characteristic of prior art connecting blocks described in U.S. Patent Nos 3,611,264; 3,798,587 and 4,118,095 results from the requirement that they be continuously end stackable on the wiring block. Because the existing embodiments or prior art designs preserve the contact centre spacing to maintain precise alignment with the mating receptacles on the wiring block, the resulting insulating barrier that confines the outside surfaces of the end contacts is thin, and therefore prone to breakage when required to terminate the large wire gauges (e.g., 22 AWG wire) presently in use for data transmission applications. When such breakage occurs on the ends of adjacent connecting block modules, electrical shorting results. U.S. Patent No 4,964,812 provides significant improvements to the above-discussed connecting blocks. In accordance with U.S. Patent 4,964,812, a wire connecting system is provided which includes a pair of mating connectors for effecting electrical cross connections between a first set of conductors and a second set of conductors. The two mating connectors are known by the terms "wiring block" and "connecting block" wherein the wiring block provides evenly spaced receptacles for the first wire conductors that hold them in alignment for engagement with a plurality of insulation penetrating slotted beam contacts carried by the connecting block. In accordance with an important feature of U.S. Patent 4,964,812, the connecting block employs a novel one piece structure which both forms the connector block housing as well as provides retention means for positioning and retaining the slotted beam contacts. These retention means comprise retention posts which are flash molded onto the side of the connecting block during the molding operation. Upon insertion and positioning of a plurality of beam contacts within the connecting block housing, pressure is exerted against the retention posts thereby breaking the flash molding and forcing the posts through positioning holes in the contacts. Thereafter, the post tips are peened in place providing permanent but free floating connection between the contacts and the connecting block housing. The use of the one-piece housing thereby overcomes the several deficiencies and disadvantages relative to the two-piece connecting block structures associated with the prior art; and thus decreases assembly time, inventory and tooling costs leading to an overall lower cost for the connecting block. The connecting block of U.S. Patent 4,964,812 also overcomes the problem of inadequate end wall strength discussed above by making use of the free floating contact retention inherent to both the present invention and prior art designs. This improvement is accomplished by employing irregular contact spacing on the end positions of the connecting block module. As a result, the tendency for outside wall breakage is substantially reduced. Reduction in centre spacing for the two end contact problems (typically by about 0,126 mm (i.e. 0.005") per side) allows for an increase in outside wall thickness by approximately 30% while also acting to inwardly bias the upper halves of the outside contact when mated with the wiring block. The free floating nature of the terminal clips easily allows for the non-cumulative spacing deviation between the outer two positions of the connecting block and wiring block without compromising connection integrity or compatibility with accessories common to both the present invention and prior art designs. It should however be noted that US patent 4,964,812 does not disclose a solution for directly mounting (i.e. supporting and electrically connecting) the connecting block on a circuit board. There are however many applications which it is not possible to use an interposed wiring block between the circuit board and the connecting block. US-A-5,061,209 describes an electrical connector, which comprises among other features a plurality of press-fit contacts. Each of said contacts for electrical connection between a conductor and a printed circuit board comprises a press-fit tail, which is formed with two pairs of longitudinal indentations, one pair on each of two opposed sides, said tail being quadrangular in cross-section and having substantially equal lengths between midpoints of opposed sides. The press-fit tail of the contact strip of US-A-5,061,209 is formed in a process involving several steps: After the lower end of the initially elongated tail has been shaped, a first pair of v-shaped indentations are punched into tail on one side. Thereby the punching action forces the corners of the punched side to protrude outwardly and deforms the adjacent sides arcuately. In the next step, the second pair of indentations are punched in the opposite side. Again, the corners are pushed outwardly and adjacent sides are deformed arcuately. Thus the manufacturing of such a press-fit tail needs a three step forming process and is accordingly rather expensive. One object of the present invention is to provide a simple, low cost connecting block with a minimum of separate pieces that may be directly mounted on a circuit board or the like. This object is achieved through the connecting block claimed in claim 1. The present invention fulfils the long-felt need to provide a simple, low cost connecting block, having a one-piece housing that may be mounted directly onto a circuit board (or an other electronic component). It will be appreciated that this circuit mountable feature is advantageous for many applications. The supporting of the housing and the electrical connection to the circuit board is achieved through the protruding mounting tails of the insulation penetrating beam contacts. It will be appreciated that the one-piece housing of the connecting block is supported in a permanent but free floating manner on the circuit board, without needing any separate mounting or fixation means. The use of a solderless connector means with a press-fit tail particularly advantageous for providing ease of assembly as well as lower cost (relative to conventional solderable tails). The use of solderless connector means also allows lower cost housing materials to be employed, since these housing materials are not exposed to the extreme heat and aggressive solvents typically encountered with soldered connections. A further object of the present invention is to provide a very simple insulation penetrating beam contact with solderless connector means. This object is achieved by a beam contact as claimed in claim 9. The above-discussed and other features and advantages of the present invention will be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description and drawings. Referring now to the drawings, wherein like elements are numbered alike in the several Figures: Figure 1 is a front elevation view of a beam contact in accordance with prior art patent 4,964,812; Figure 2 is a front elevation view of a press-fit tail embodiment of a beam contact in accordance with this invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view along the line 6-6 of Figure 5; Figure 4A is a cross-sectional elevation view along the line 7A-7A of Figure 2; Figure 4B is a cross-sectional elevation view along the line 7B-7B of Figure 5; Figure 5 is a front elevation view of a connector block in partial cross-section assembled to a circuit board in full cross-section in accordance with the present invention; Figure 5A is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 5; Figure 6 is a back view of the block of Figure 5 prior to circuit board assembly in partial cross-section; Figure 7 is a right side view of the block of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a bottom view of the block of Figure 6; Figure 9 is a top plan view of the block of Figure 6; and Figures 10A-10D are sequential views depicting the assembling of the connecting block. Referring to Figure 1, a beam contact in accordance with Patent 4,964,812 is shown generally at 10. Contact 10 includes a central portion 12 which has first and second pairs of oppositely directed cantilever beams 14, 14' and 16, 16' extending therefrom. Each of the pairs of beams 14, 14' and 16, 16' are spaced apart from one another by elongated generally rectangular openings 18 and 20, respectively. Openings 18 and 20 extend from central portion 12 to a point near a pair of oppositely directed insulation, penetrating edges 22 and 24, respectively at the ends of beams 14, 14' and 16, 16'. An embodiment of a solderless beam contact is shown at 70 in Figures 2-4A. The upper portion 71 of beam 70 is similar to prior art beam contact 10 and includes a base 28 from which extends a pair of cantilever beams 30, 30'. An elongated, generally rectangular opening 32 separates beams 30, 30' at a lower portion thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the beams diverge slightly from each other to form a V-shaped entry portion 34'. V-shaped opening 34' originates from a coined area 36. The V-shaped opening exposes inner surfaces of beams 30 and 30' in the area of electrical connection so that they may be plated after stamping and forming operations are complete. Base 28 includes an opening 38 therein for receiving a retaining pin from the connector block as is discussed hereinafter. The tail portion 74 of beam contact 70 has a shape similar to that of a needle's eye (sometimes referred to as "eye-of-the-needle" and also referred to herein as an eyelet) which comprises an oblong stem (or tail) 74 with an axially aligned, longitudinal inner oblong or lenticular opening 76 through stem 74. As clearly shown in FIGURE 2, the oblong opening 76 has a shape (prior to stem 74 being press fit through an opening in a circuit board) comprising opposed, parallel, elongated sidewalls of equal length which are interconnected at opposed ends thereof by a pair of opposed semi-circular end walls of equal radius. In the preferred embodiment, the outer opposed edges 78 of stem 74 are coined. In addition, as best shown in Figure 6, a first coin 80 is provided at the entrance to IDC slot 34' and a second coin 82, axially offset from first coin 80, is provided at the intersection between tail 74 and upper portion 71. These mutually offset coins are positioned on substantially opposite sides of beam contact 70 to generate substantially pure axial forces during printed circuit board insertion. Turning now to Figures 4A-4B and 5A, upon insertion of stem 74 into the throughole 54 of a circuit board 56, the gap defined by oblong opening 76 is compressed (compare Figures 4A-4B) as the opposed resilient side walls 78 of stem 74 compress inwardly whereby opening 76 takes on a hourglass shape (see Figure 5A). The compressed eyelet shaped press-fit tail 70 will tend to urge outwardly against the sidewalls of the througholes to provide a strong mechanical fit with plated throughole 54; and thereby effect a strong electrical connection between the stem 74 and throughole 54. Turning now to Figures 5-9, a connecting block in accordance with the present invention is shown. The upper part of this connecting block is substantially similar to the upper part of the connecting block disclosed in US patent 4,964,812, with the important difference residing in the use of beam contact 70 in place of the prior art beam contacts of the type shown at 10 in Figure 1. The use of beam contacts 70 permits the present connecting block to be mounted directly into througholes on a circuit board such as beam contacts 26 mounted in the througholes 54 in circuit board 57 of Figure 8. In general, the present connecting block comprises a one-piece housing 52 composed of a suitable insulative material (preferably polycarbonate). Housing 52 is substantially rectangular in shape and includes a plurality of spaced apart teeth 56 and 58 along the length of its upper surface. Remaining details regarding the upper part of the connecting block are found in great detail in patent 4,964,812 and reference should be made thereto for further description. The lower part of the housing 52 may or may not have stand-off ribs 59 placed along the bottom surface to facilitate solder flux removal. As in the above-referenced patent, each terminal clip 70 is retained within housing 52 by a post 60 which extends through aperture 38 in the base 28 of beam contact 26. Turning now to Figs 10A-10D, the method of assembling the connector block of the present invention will now be discussed. Prior to assembly, the housing 52 is mounted in a suitable fixture and a plurality of beam contacts 26 are loaded into housing 52 such that apertures 38 in contacts 26 will be in alignment with posts 60 and openings 62 in housing 52. This initial positioning is depicted in Fig. 10A. Next, and as shown in Fig 10B, posts 60 are simultaneously forced downwardly with sufficient force so as to break the flash molding 64 (which had maintained posts 60 in their laterally outwardly extending position, shown in Fig 10A) and force posts 60 through partial opening 66 and contact aperture 38. Next, each post 60 is further driven through housing 52 and aperture 38 of contact 26 and through aperture 62 until the flattened end 68 of post 60 is approximately flush with the side wall 170 of housing 52. The nose portion of post 60 is provided with a tapered surface 172 so as to facilitate passage of post 60 through aperture 38 of contacts 26 and aperture 62 of side wall 70. Next, as shown in Fig 10D, the ends 68 and 72 of posts 60 are peened in place preferably by heat staking so as to permanently retain said posts 60 in place in position in housing 52 and thereby permanently retain and align the plurality of contacts 26 in position.

Claims: A connecting block comprising a housing (52) having first and second spaced apart sidewalls and opposed upper and lower ends a plurality of spaced apart insulation penetrating beam contacts (26) in said housing (52) having a first aperture (38) therethrough, each of said beam contacts (26) including a pair of beams (30, 30') extending from a first end of said first aperture (38) in a first direction, wherein said pair of beams (30, 30') extends inside said housing (52), a plurality of spaced openings (62) through said second sidewalls of said housing (52), one each of said openings (62) being aligned with one each of said first apertures (38) in said beam contacts (26), and a plurality of spaced contact retention posts (60) integrally molded to said first sidewall of said housing (52) and extending laterally from said first sidewall, one each of said posts (60) being mutually aligned with one of said openings (62) and one of said first apertures (38), wherein said posts (60) are forced under pressure to break away from said first sidewall and are positioned through said first apertures (38) and openings (62) to thereby retain said beam contacts (26) within said housing (52), characterized in that each of said beam contacts (26) includes a mounting tail (74) extending from a second end of said first aperture (38) in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction, in that said mounting tail (74) protrudes from said lower end of said housing (52) and includes press-fit connector means for connecting said mounting tail (74) to a circuit board (57), and in that said press-fit connector means comprises an oblong stem (74) and an oblong opening (76) longitudinally through said stem (74) wherein, prior to said stem (74) being press-fit through an opening in a circuit board, said oblong opening (76) has a shape comprising opposed, parallel, elongated sidewalls and wherein said oblong opening (76) is resiliently deformed into an hourglass shape when said stem is press-fit through an opening (54) in a circuit board (57). Connecting block as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that said oblong opening (76) has a shape comprising opposed, parallel, elongated sidewalls of equal length which are interconnected at opposed ends thereof by a pair of opposed semi-circular end walls of equal radius. Connecting block as claimed in claim 2 characterized in that said oblong stem (74) includes opposed coined edges (78). Connecting block as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 3 including a first coined section (80) in said beams (30, 30') and a second coined section (82) in said mounting tail (74), said first and second coined sections being oppositely disposed to generate substantially pure axial forces during insertion of said mounting tail (74) in an opening (54) through a circuit board (57). Connecting block as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 4 including a partial opening (66) surrounding each of said posts (60) in said first sidewall, each of said posts (60) being molded within its corresponding partial opening (66) by a thin layer of molding material (64). Connecting block as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 5 characterized in that said upper end of said housing (52) comprises spaced apart teeth (56, 58) defining wire conductor retaining slots for capturing and holding wire conductors. Connecting block as claimed in claim 6 characterized in that said teeth (56, 58) have staggered heights. Connecting block as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7 including a plurality of spacing means in said housing (52) for spacing and aligning said contacts (26), said spacing means including a pair of opposed end spacing means and a plurality of interior spacing means between said end spacing means, said interior spacing means spacing said contacts (26) at a first centre distance and said end spacing means spacing said contacts (26) at a second centre distance, said second centre distance being less than said first centre distance. Insulation penetrating beam contact, comprising a first aperture (38) therethrough, a pair of beams (30, 30') extending from a first end of said first aperture (38) in a first direction, and a mounting tail (74) extending from a second end of said first aperture (38) in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction, said tail (74) including press-fit connector means for insertion into an opening on a circuit board (57), caracterized in that said press-fit connector means comprises an oblong stem (74) and an oblong opening (76) longitudinally through said stem (74) wherein, prior to said stem (74) being press-fit through an opening in a circuit board, said oblong opening (76) has a shape comprising opposed, parallel, elongated sidewalls and wherein said oblong opening (76) is resiliently deformed into an hourglass shape when said stem is press-fit through an opening (54) in a circuit board (57). Beam contact as claimed in claim 9 characterized in that said oblong opening (76) has a shape comprising opposed, parallel, elongated sidewalls of equal length which are interconnected at opposed ends thereof by a pair of opposed semi-circular end walls of equal radius. Beam contact as claimed in claim 10 or 11 characterized in that said oblong stem (74) includes opposed coined edges (78). Beam contact as claimed in any one of the claims 9 to 11 including a first coined section (80) in said beams (30, 30') and a second coined section (82) in said mounting tail (74), said first and second coined sections being oppositely disposed to generate substantially pure axial forces during insertion of said mounting tail (74) in an opening (54) through a circuit board (57).

Inventors: REYNOLDS HOWARD, SIEMON JOHN A, REYNOLDS, HOWARD, SIEMON, JOHN A.
Applicants: SIEMON CO, THE SIEMON COMPANY
Application year: 1993
Main classification: H01R4
IPC codes: H01R4