SYSTEM FOR FACILITATING AN OIL CHANGE AND AN OIL FILTER CHANGE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Abstract: System for facilitating the changing of the oil and the oil filter in internal combustion engines, the system being comprised of an external unit for extracting the spent oil and filling in the new oil, and oil filter support which provide for its operation at a remote position from the engine unit while facilitating the changing thereof and a system of hydraulic conduits for connecting the filter support to the engine unit and the crankcase to the external auxiliary unit.

Description: The instant invention relates to a system for facilitating an oil change and an oil filter change in internal combustion engines in a mainly automatic easy and fast manner which comprises connecting means which is connected to the oil outlet of the crankcase in substitution of the conventional plug closing the motor oil outlet which connecting means extends into a conduct, removable oil extraction and refilling means being connectable to said conduct, a support for the oil filter in which said filter is placed remotely from its conventional position in an inverted vertical position, said support being connected to the conventional site of the oil filter bv a connecting plug and two conducts allowing circulation of oil from the motor through the remotely located oil filter. Presently, the change of oil and oil filters of combustion engines is a quite cumbersome, untidy and slow procedure. Thus, change of motor oil is generally done by hand by unscrewing the outiet plug of the crankcase, letting used oil run ot of said box by gravity until it is empty, screwing said plug in again and refilling the motor block through the corresponding inlet opening whilst change of the oil filter is generally done by unscrewing it from its position in the motor block which is generally not located at an accessible site. These conventional manual procedures have the disadvantages that they are slow, i.e., they take at least 15 minutes, require, in the case of motor vehicles, an elevator or a service pit to have access to the oil outlet plug of the crankcase, untidy because they always lead at least to oil smearing the operator's hands and oil flowing to the floor thereby causing serious pollution. Furthermore, refilling the motor block with oil through the conventional upper oil inlet has the disadvantage that the oil being poured in rests for a certain time on the inner portions of the motor before reaching the oil box so that to achieve the correct filling oil level implies awaiting that practically all oil has dropped into the crankcase after various filling steps. This is even slower than 15 minutes so that, in general, too little or more too often too much oil is refilled which results not only in a possible waste of oil but also to pollution as the excess oil is unnecessarily burned or thrown out of the engine. The convention manual oil filter change at its conventional generally quite unaccessible location is, on the one hand, slow and, on the other, a rather untidy job as to reach the oil filter located at a site where it is surrounded by engine portionscovered with diret the operator becomes smeared with such dirt. GB-A-1 027 250 discloses an apparatus for changing crankcase oil. Basically, the device includes means for suctioning oil from the bottom portion of the crankcase and to transfer said oil to a slop oil tank, and means for transferring oil from a selected one of a number of fresh oil tanks to the crankcase. GB-A-1 027 250 is considered to disclose the features of the preamble of claim 1 of the present application. EP-A-0337593 describes an apparatus for exchanging oil comprising a pair of vessels, one for waste oil to be taken and the other for fresh oil. The apparatus further includes a pair of solenoid valves and pumps for extracting waste oil and supplying fresh oil. The apparatus also includes means for determining the amount of waste and fresh oils and means for controlling said valves and pumps. US-A-4901693 relates to prior art means for facilitating the oil filter change, including means for positioning the oil filter at a distance from the crankcase. The system as claimed provides the following features: a) No expensive and energy consuming elevators for oil change of motor vehicles is necessary so that oil change may be performed anywhere. b) The number of steps for motor oil change are substantially reduced in comparison with conventional systems whereby said exchange is expedited. c) Oil can be removed by suction instead of gravity and filled in under pressure through the conventional oil outlet so that the change process is expedited and the filling level can be adjusted. d) The system can be operated with special substances for cleaning the inside of the engine being filled in and removed as if it were conventional motor oil. e) The oil filter is placed at an accessible site and can be replaced in about 20 seconds i.e. substantially faster than by conventional systems. f) No waste or new oil is spread away so that pollution is avoided and the operator does not become smeared with oil. g) Waste oil can be centrally stored. h) The amount of replacement oil can be automatically controlled and adjusted whereby filling of excessive replacement oil amounts in the engine are avoided. i) The system can be connected to electric and data processing systems to control the amounts to be filled in various motor types, measure and processing of replacement oil consumption and waste oil collection, stock management of replacement oil, etc. All in all, the claimed system is inexpensive, flexible, extremely fast, environment-friendly and allows the incorporation of a pluraltiy of additional functions concerning control of replacement oil filling levels and storage and management of waste oil stocks. One way of carrying out the invention is described hereinafter with reference to the drawings illustrating non-restrictive embodiments of the invention within the scope of the claims. Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a conventional combustion engine showing the site of the oil outlet plug, and the oil filter, as well as the oil level detecting rod that deinfes the oil inlet of the crankcase. Figure 2 is a schematic view of the system in accordance to the instant invention when applied to conventional combustion engines. Figure 3 is a more detailed albet schematic view of the coupling of a tube to the oil outlet of a conventional combustion engine. Figure 4 is a detailed view of another embodiment of a coupling tube. Figures 5, 6 and 7 are respectively a cross-section view, a side view in elevation and a longitudinal side view of the tube portion carrying a connecting means which is coupled to the oil outlet. Figure 8 is a partial view of the connecting means coupled to the oil outlet. Figure 9 is a schematic partial view of a modified crankcase which is suitable to be built into combustion engines in substitution of conventinal crankcase. Figure 10 is another embodiment of a modified crankcase. Figure 11 is a similar view to that of figure 2 wherein the oil extraction and refilling tube is located within the engine block. Figure 12 is an exploded view in longitudinal section of the support applied to the site where the oil filter is located. Figure 13 is a sectioned view corresponding to figure 12. Figure 14 is a plan view of the left side portion of figure 13. Figure 15 is an exploded view in longitudinal section of the oil filter support means. Figure 16 is a sectioned view corresponding to figure 15 in an assembled state. Figure 17 is a lower plan view corresponding to figure 16. Figure 18 is a view of the remote oil extraction and replacement unit. Figure 19 is a schematic view of the hydraulic circuit of the remote unit of figure 18. Figure 20 is a schematic view of the hydraulic and of the cotnrol circuit according to an improvement of the invention comprising independent pumps and motors for each different type of oil to be supplied. According to figure 1, conventional combustion engines have a plug 1 screwed into the outlet of the crankcase 2 which must be removed for extraction of used oil and screwed in again thereafter, and a cap 4 covering the oil inlet located at the upper portion 3 of the engine through which replacement oil is conventionally filled in. A conventional tube 5 for housing the oil level detecting rod and an oil filter 6 located at its conventional site are also shown. Figure 2 shows the system of the invention assembled to a conventional engine, according to which the conventional plug is replaced by a connecting means 7 having a conduct 8 the upper portion of which ends in a rapid socket 9. The connecting means comprises, as shown in figure 3, a first piece 10 having an internal elbow-shaped internal passageway screwed into the oil outlet by its upper threaded portion, connected to a coupling piece 11 by means of which said first piece is coupled to tube 8. According to figures 4 through 8, the various elements of the connecting means 7 are shown in a more detailed manner, namely an end portion 12 of the tube 8 and a screw 13 penetrating into said end portion 12 whereby said screw 13 has a radial channel 14 through which oil flows. Figure 9 shows a modified oil box allowing an optimum connection of the tube 8 wherein the bottom 16 of said crankcase 17 is inclined and extends at its lowest portion into an outlet 18 having an external thread to which the tube is coupled by means of a screw 19. Figure 10 shows another possibility to provide the invention in the construction of new types of engines and crankcases, according to which the bottom of the crankcase 20 is also inclined and forms a pit into which a tube 21 fulfilling the funcitons of the tube 8 extends at its lower portion. The motor of figure 10 is further illustrated in figure 11 which figure also shows the arrangement of the oil filter which will be explained in more detail hereinbelow. The oil filter arrangement 6, as shown in figures 2 and 11 comprises a socket 22 placed at the site where the oil filter is conventionally located and a remote support 23 on which the oil filter 6 is mounted. The support 23 and the socket 22 are connected by ducts 24, 25 whereby one of said ducts connects the outlet of said socket 22 to the inlet of the oil filter 6 whilst the other duct connects the inlet of said socket with the outlet of the oil filter 6. According to figuures 12 through 14 said socket 22 comprises a substantially central axial channel 31 which extrends in direction to the eingine into a hollow space 28 having a substantially wider diamenter than the channe 31. Around but spaced from said space 28 there is an annular recess 29 for housing a conventional sealing joint not in the figures. One end of an elbow-shaped further channel 30 in said socket extends into said space 28 whilst its other end is connected to the duct 25 (see figure 11.) A coupling piece 26 penetrates through said axail channel 31 and is screwed to the conventional threading for the oil filter at the engine block. Said piece 26 has an axial channel and an annular portion being wider than the channel 31 in said socket, whereby an annular sealing joint 27 is placed between said widened portion of the piece and the outer surface of said socket 22. Support 23 is shown in more detail in figures 15 to 17. Thus the support comprises a horizontally placed disk-shaped plate 32 having an axial opening 33 through which a screw-type coupling means 34 extends. The lower portion of said coupling means 34 is screwed by its threaded end 43 to the conventional oil filter 6 so that said filter is placed in a vertical inverted position, whereby leaking of oil from the filter is avoided when the filter is disassembled. The plate 32 further comprises a radial channel 35 extending into the axial channel 33, and a bent channel 38, 39 the first portion 39 of which extends radially into the plate 32 body and the second portion bending towards the bottom surface of the plate 32 where it ends in an excentric position. The lower portion of the channel 33 extends into a space 33b, having a larger diameter than that of the channel 33. The lower portion of the bent channel 38 also extends into said space 33b. An intermediate portion of said channel 33 can be conventionally surrounded by an annular chamber 30 into which said radial channel 35 extends. The screw like coupling 34 comprises an axial central channel 37 the upper portion of which, when the filter 6 is mounted, coincides with said annular chamber 30 into which said radial channel 36 extends. The duct 25 is coupled to said channel 35 so that oil flows from said channel 35 through said annular chamber 40 into said axial channel 37 in the coupling element into the oil filter 6. Once the oil has passed through said filter 6 it flows to said space 33b and to said bent channel 38, 39 the radial portion of which is coupled to the duct 24, and through said duct to said channel 30 of said socket 22. The uppor portion of the coupling element 34 may have a peripheral recess 41 to house an O-ring seal (not shown.) To retain said element 34 to the plate a clip 42 or retainer washer can be affixed to its lower portion. The head of said coupling element 34 may further have a diametric bore 44 facilitating scrwing and unscrewing said coupling element 34 to the filter 6 by simply passing a screw driver through said bore 44. Figure 17 shows an optional sensor means 45 for detecting losses of load due to obstructions of the oil filter 6 by comparing the real pressure of the incoming dirty oil with that of the outgoing filtered oil and both with standard pressure values. Thus, for example correct pressures can be indicated by a green indicator means whilst incorrect pressure being indicative of an obstruction of the filter can be indicated by a red indicator means, whereby the sensor means 45 switches the indicator means from green to red. Figure 18 shows the remote auxiliar unit 46 having a tube 47 which is connected to the upper end portion 9 of the tube shown in fiugres 2 to 4 and 11. According to figure 19, said unit 46 comprises a suction means 48 for extraction of used oil from the oil box 49 of the engine through said ducts 8 and 9. Waste oil is stored in tank 54. Once waste oil has been extracted from the engine and thus air is suctioned instead of oil, this is detected by a rheostat means which transmits a signal to the control unit which stops action of the suction means. Optionally, suction can be restrated for another few seconds to extract oil which may be dropped into the oil box. Thereafter, the control unit activates the filling pump 51 to pump fresh oil from one of the oil tanks. The quantity and type of oil selected determines which of the electrovalves opens which of the tanks. Figure 20 schematically shows another embodiment of the remote unit 46. According to this embodiment the rapid socket 50 of the tube 47 is connected to the complementary socket 9 of the engine. An indepednet pump 55 is provided for each of the oil tanks 53. A compressor means 56 cleans the ducts after each oil extraction and refilling phase. One of said tanks 53 may contain a conventional motor cleansing liquid which may be circulated through the engine after waste oil has been extracted and before fresh oil is filled into the engine. Practically all of the elements of the remote unit 46 are conventional and thus their combination is readily recognizable for any skilled person on the grounds of the disclosure provided hereinbefore.

Claims: System for expediting a change of motor oil and a change of an oil filter in internal combustion engines which include a crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), said system comprising: extraction means (7-13, 18a, 19a, 21, 46, 47, 48, 50) for extracting oil from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49); filling means (7-13, 18a, 19a, 21, 46, 47, 51, 55) for filling oil into the motor; control means for controlling the operations of extraction and filling of oil; the extraction means (7-13, 18a, 19a, 21, 46, 47, 48, 50) and filling means (7-13, 18a, 19a, 21, 46, 47, 51, 55) including: first duct means (8, 21) which have a first end fixed in the proximity of the lowest point at a bottom portion of the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49); said first duct means (8, 21) having a second end which has a first connecting means (9); a second remote duct means (47) releasably connectable by a second connecting means (50) and said first connecting means (9) to said first duct means (8, 21); a remote unit (46) for extraction and filling of oil, said remote unit (46) being connected to said second duct means (47); wherein the control means include means for carrying out a controlled suction of oil from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), through said first duct means (8, 21) and said second duct means (47) to said remote unit (46), and means for carrying out a controlled filling of the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49) supplying oil from the remote unit (46) through said second duct means (47) and said first duct means (8, 21); the remote unit (46) is connected to at least a first tank (54) for storing oil extracted from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49); the remote unit (46) is connected to at least a second tank (53) from which oil is supplied to the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49); the remote unit (46) includes means for controlling the quantities of oil extracted from and supplied to the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), respectively; characterized in that the remote unit (46) includes means for processing and storing data relating to the quantities of oil extracted from and supplied to the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), respectively; and in that the system further includes: a conventional site of the oil filter (6); a socket (22) coupled to the conventional site of the oil filter; a remote support (23) for supporting the oil filter (6); third duct means (24, 25) for connecting the socket (22) with the support (23); the remote support (23) being situated in a position adequate for facilitating the change of the oil filter (6). A system according to claim 1, wherein the system further includes electronic data processing means for controlling the quantities of oil which are to be applied during filling of different types of motors. A system according to claim 2, wherein the system further includes electronic data processing means for controlling the stock management of replacement oil. A system according to claim 3, wherein the remote unit (46) is connected to at least two tanks (53) from which oil can be supplied to the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), said at least two tanks (53) containing different types of oil, whereby the remote unit (46) includes means for selectively controlling the transfer of oil from one of said at least two tanks (53). A system according to claim 4, wherein the first connecting means (9) includes a male rapid plug being complementary to a female rapid plug forming part of the second connecting means (50). A system according to claim 1, wherein the first duct means (8) are connected to the crankcase (2, 49) by connecting means (7, 10, 11, 12, 13) including a connector (10) having a threaded upper portion by which it is threaded into an oil outlet of the crankcase (2, 49) and a channel extending axially through said upper portion. A system according to claim 6, wherein the channel bends radially in a lower portion of said connector (10) to form a lateral opening to which said first duct means (8) is coupled. A system according to claim 7, wherein said connector (10) is connected to said first duct means (8) by means of an intermediate connecting means (11) having an axial channel, one end of which is coupled to said connector (10) and another end of which is coupled to said first duct means. A system according to claim 8, wherein the intermediate connecting means (11), the connector (10) and the first duct means (8) have threads being complementary to each other, the intermediate connecting means (11), the connector (10) and the first duct means (8) being connected by screwing. A system according to claims 1, wherein said first duct means (8, 21) extends internally through the crankcase (20) and through an engine block (3). A system according to claim 10, wherein the bottom of the crankcase (20) forms a pit into which the first duct means (21) extends. A system according to claim 1, wherein the crankcase (17) has an inclined bottom (16) which extends at its lowest portion into a lateral outlet (18a), said lateral outlet (18a) being coupled by screwing to a connecting element (19a) situated at the first end of the first duct means (8). A system according to claim 1, wherein the remote support (23) supports the oil filter (6) in a vertical and inverted position. A system according to claim 13, wherein the oil filter (6) is fixed to the the remote support (23) by means of a screw type coupling element (34) which has a head with a diametric bore (44) that permits its screwing and unscrewing by means of the introduction of a simple screw-driver. A system according to claim 14, wherein the socket (22) includes: a substantially central axial channel (31) extending in the direction towards the engine (3) into a hollow space (28) having a larger diameter than said substantially central axial channel (31); an elbow-shaped channel (30) having a first portion which extends radially into said socket (22) and a second portion extending axially but excentrically into said hollow space (28); a bushing (26) extending through said substantially central axial channel (31), said bushing (26) having an end portion with a thread by which it is screwed to a conventional outlet for the oil filter (6) at the engine (3) and another end portion by which it is connected to a first duct (24) of said third duct means (24, 25); a second duct (25) of said third duct means being connected by one of its ends to the first portion of the elbow-shaped channel (30). A system according to claim 15, wherein the support (23) includes: a plate (32) having a substantially central first axial channel (33), said first axial channel being surrounded approximately at a middle portion by an annular chamber (40), a radial channel (35) extending from one side of said plate (32) into said annular chamber (40); and an elbow-shaped channel (38, 39) with a first portion (39) radially extending into said plate (32) and a second inner portion (38) which extends parallelly to said substantially central first axial channnel (33) of the plate (32) such that the second portion (38) of the elbow-shaped channel as well as the substantially central first axial channel (33) ends in a space (33b) whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the substantially central first axial channel (33); the srew type coupling element (34) which extends through said substantially central first axially channel (33) in said plate (32), and the lower portion of which protrudes from the bottom surface of said plate (32) and having a thread by which it is screwed to a conventional inlet of the oil filter (6), said screw-type coupling element (34) further having an axial channel (37) which is open at its bottom end and the upper portion of which has an opening (36) connecting with said annular chamber (40); said radial channel (35) of the plate (32) being connected by means of said second duct (25) of said third duct means (24, 25) to the first portion of the elbow-shaped channel (30) of the socket (22), the first portion (39) of the elbow-shaped channel (38, 39) of the plate (32) being connected by means of said first duct (24) of said third duct means (24, 25) to said bushing (26) in said socket (22), whereby oil can circulate from said bushing (26) through said first duct (24) of said third duct means (24, 25) towards the support (23), through said oil filter (6) and through said second duct (25) of said third duct means (24, 25) back to said socket (22). A system according to claim 1, wherein the remote unit (46) includes means for detecting when air enters during suction of oil from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49), and means for transmitting a signal when detecting that air enters, as well as means for, when receiving said signal, interrupting the suction of oil during a few seconds. A system according to claim 17, wherein the system includes the possibility for restarting the suction of oil temporarily after said suction has been stopped as a consecuence of air entering, thereby extracting oil that might have dropped to the bottom of the crank-case (2, 17, 20, 49). A system according to any of claims 1-18, wherein there is an independent pump (55) provided for each of the tanks (53) for oil to be supplied to the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49). A system according to any of claims 1-18, wherein there is a compressor (56) for cleaning the ducts after each oil extraction and refilling phase. A system according to any of claims 1-18, wherein the system further includes means for circulating a conventional motor cleansing liquid through the engine after oil has been extracted from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49) but before oil has been supplied to it. A system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first duct means (8, 21) comprises one single duct through which oil is pumped during extraction from the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49) as well as during filling of the crankcase (2, 17, 20, 49).

Inventors: MARTINEZ VELAZQUEZ MANUEL JESU, MARTINEZ VELAZQUEZ, MANUEL JESUS
Applicants: MARTINEZ VELAZQUEZ MANUEL J, MARTINEZ VELAZQUEZ, MANUEL JESUS
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F01M11
IPC codes: F01M11, F16N33, F16N37