Physiotherapy and exercising apparatus

Abstract: Basic elements of the apparatus are a base (1) with patient's seat (8), and an arched tube (4) fitted behind the seat . The arched tube is connected, via a shaft, to the pedals (22) or electric motor mechanism designed for moving of the arched tube. The arched tube is turned around the shaft bearning point, along helicoidal path contours. On the arched tube there are mounted sliding components (5,9) fitted with belts (6,14) for attaching the upper part of the patient's body, against the arched tube. The apparatus is fitted also with a mechanism (12,18) for controlled hand or electric-motor powered extension of the spine of the patient, and with a vibromasser (15) which is located on the arched tube.

Description: ENGINEERING SCOPE THE INVENTION RELATES TO : The Invention involved is within the scope of devices and equipment used in physical therapy and recreation of the human body. More specifically, the Invention relates to an apparatus designed for treatment, physical therapy and recreation of the spine and associated muscles and the body. According to the International Patent Classification, the Invention denomination is A 61H 1/00; A 61H 1/02; A 63B 23/00; A 63B 23/02 & A 63B 23/04. ENGINEERING PROBLEM: This Invention has resolved the engineering construction problem of the stated type of apparatus characterized by: The possibility of active and passive therapy, rehabilitation, recreation and sport training which consists at the same time of: Circumferential rotation of the spine vertebri due to forceful motion of the spine along a helicoidal path; due to extension and massage of the spine and associeted muscles and muscles of the neck, shoulder and body as well as the extremities of the patient; The possibility of complete and efficient self-controlling the apparatus utilization by the patient (it refers to the control of the spine extension force). Utilization for professional and home treatment of ill or healthy persons, sportsmen, etc. Simple construction. ENGINEERING ART STATE It is well known that everyday activities of the man, under contemporary conditions of life, result in frequent outcome of various spine maladies, and maladies of the associated neck, body and extremities muscles.These maladies, as a rule, are manifesting themselves in form of fatigue, firstly, and with their progressing they start perishing the functions of the spine, nerves and blood vessels and, through all this, the associated muscles. In such cases it is necessary to undertake their treatment and recovery to enable them to reassume their functional condition. The integral part of a complete therapy is, certainly, the physical therapy, i.e. the physio-therapeutical or recreative training of the affected parts of the body. For the purpose of the mentioned physical therapy and recreation, the simplest apparatus have been so far used for extension of the spine. In application of these devices, the patient's head has been tied to an axially moving element, while the patient's legs have been fixed to, or rested on, other fixed element. A gradual extension of the patient's spine, who has been laid down on an attached table, has been carried out by hand or hand-controlled motion of an axially-movable head tie-element. For spine extension, adequate weights have been used to maintain extension, achieved by a given force further on after the completion of the extension cycles. Disadvantages of such a solution are in that the mentioned solution is not sufficiently universal for treatment of the majority of maladies and deformations of the spine in practice. One apparatus, much more universal, and known in the engineering art, which is described in non-patent literature as TESI" extension system, has been manufactured by a company having the same name and located in Taufkirchen, Federal Rebublic of Germany. This apparatus is envisaged for complete physical therapy of the spine; it comprises a treatment table, complete with a base and a control device, on whose one end there is provided a movable tie-element, with movable belts for patient's head fixation, while on the opposite end of the table there are provided corresponding devices for axial motion of the tie-elements. Elements for heating of the spine, for causing vibration and massage with adequately shapped rolls are also fixed; they are able to move axially and radially-wise in relation to the table surface, along the patient's spine following accurately the spine contours. Disadvantages of this apparatus are in its limited action along the spine axis, and through this, along the associated patient's muscles of neck and body. Namely, the spine of the laying patient remained always in the axial position, i.e. it could not be moved in radial-wise or any other direction, because this is a statical and passive method of treatment. In the present engineering art status, there are known so-called training bycicles of various designs, used as independent devices for physical therapy, rehabilitation and training of the lower parts of the body, particularly of the lower part of the spine, legs and feet muscles. Disadvantages of these devices are in that they cannot be used for any prescribed treatment of the patient's body upper part. From the US-A-2 984 238 an adjustable head traction device is known for providing a streching force to the human body by aid of a sling disposed beneath the lower jaw of the user. The device comprises a seat for patients and a movable tube located behind the seat extending upwardly and a belt to tie a part of the patient. THE INVENTION NATURE OUTLINE The invention nature of the apparatus designed, in relation to the known engineering art status is characterized by the features of claim 1. On a base, with a seat for the patient, there is mounted an arched tube immediately behind the seat. This arched tube is supported at its bottom end so that it rotates, with aid of an adequate prime mover and a spindle located under the base, around the vertcal shaft axis. The construction makes possible for a sitting patient (user) to be fixed over his/her hips by tie-elements to the seat, with his/her back fixed against the arched tube so that his/her spine axis follows compulsorily the arched tube axis. The rotational motion of the arched tube causes swinging of the patient's body upper parts to all directions, whereby the patient's spine is bending in a manner corresponding to, and following of, the arched tube. The therapeutical and recreative effects of such a motion are gained in the circumferential motion of the spine verterbri. In this way, the vascularization of all spine structures and its muscles is improved, which results in increased oxygenation of the sensible structures, such as spinal cord and roots. For a considerable increase in the said therapeutical and recreative effects, the apparatus, through the invention, is provided also with a system for simultaneous extension of the spine. The essence of this part of design is that the tie-elements by which the patient is tied with his/her back against the arched tube, can slide along the arched tube. These tie-elements, used for fixation of the head or upper parts of the patient's body to the arched tube, can be fitted with an extension rope. The extension force acting to the direction of the upper end of the arched tube can be provided by the patient's own hand muscles, or by the therapeutist, or by weights set up on the hand-grip, or by an electric motors. The force is transmitted via rope , through a corresponding system of pulleys, to the said tie-elements. The total effect of the simultaneous rotation of the arched tube, to which the patient is tied by his/her back against the tube, and the extension of the patient's spine in the above outlined manner, is unloading of the natural inter-verterbri space, joints and their bushes, which all act salutarily on the sensitive nerves within the said structures, the result of which is reduction or elemination of pains. This effect is accomplished also by the vibromasser action; it is fitted to the arched tube in the zone of the patient back, neck or head. The vibromasser vibrations are transmitted, via arched tube, to the spine and associated muscles of the patient's neck and body, which results in relaxation of these patient's body parts and in advancement of the therapy. Therefore, the apparatus actions, where applied as designed in the invention, are as follows: The circumferential rotation of the patient's spine verterbri; Extension of the patient's spine; Massage of the spine and associated patient's neck and body muscles; Which results in : Improvment and recovery of the muscle strenght and mass in case of hypothrophycated muscles after a prolonged application of the apparatus either by active or by passive modes. Fast achievement of general condition, strenthening of the respiratory and cardio-vascular systems of the patients, sportsmen and patients in post-operative phase, etc. who are using this apparatus. Physical therapy, i.e. the rehabilitation of the spine and associated patient's muscles of neck and the body, conducted with the aid of the apparatus being the subject of this Invention, indicated both the passive and the active therapy modes, contrary to other methods, such as electrophoresis, acupuncture, magnetic therapy, etc., that have been predominatly passive modes only. This method of the physical therapy is applicable in treatment of the degenerative maladies of the entire spine, particularly in case of the juvenile deformations of the spine, such as silicouses and hiperkineses and chronical maladies (painful states) in the zone of the lumbo-sacral plexus. The apparatus, according to the Invention, has several design variants : Depending on the age of the patient/user, the arched tube can be longer or shorter; Depending on the spine malady types, the arched tube can be more or less arched; Depending on patient's mobility or in case of the dystrophicated persons or paraplegic persons, the arched tube motion force i.e. the force of the spine extension, can be generated by the patient's own muscles or can be taken from an electric motor. The variants of the apparatus characterized by the arched tube rotation caused by the force of the patient's own legs muscles, and the spine exstension by the force of the patient's own hand muscles, is suitable for those who can personnally follow the therpy progress and the results (notced through feeling of agreeableness or pains) in order to dose by himself/herself the force for motion of the arched tube, i.e. to carry out the extension of the spine. At the sime time, the patient uses device for training of the legs or hands muscles. Depending on whether the apparatus is used in home (amateur) application or in professional cicumstances, the design variant with electric motor can be fitted electronic devices to programme and monitor the therapy. ITEMIZED DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES : The enclosed set of seven figures represents views of the apparatus, according to the Invention, shown in two basic design variants:(a) with a foot drive of the arched tube and the manual extension, and (b) with electronic motor drive of the arched tube and with electric motor effected extension. Each variant is graphically displayed at several angles. Fig.1 shows the apparatus with the foot drive, in side view, with partial cross-sections and arched tube in its basic position (0°) Fig.2 shows the apparatus displayed in the Fig.1 above, but in the position where the arched tube is swung by 90°. Fig.3 shows the apparatus with electric motor drive and mechanical extension provision. Fig.4 shows the side view of the apparatus with electric motor drive, with the processor controlled provision, designed for the professional applications, and with the arched tube (4) position swung by 180° in relation to the zaro position (Fig.1) Fig.5 shows the apparatus displayed in the Fig 4, but with arched tube (4) in the zero position. Fig.6 shows the apparatus, as in Figs 4 and 5, but in the rear view, and with the arched tube swung by 180° in relation to the zero position. Fig.7 shows apparatus, displayed in Figs 4, 5 and 6, in its upper view, with the arched tube (4) swung by 180°. FIGS ITEMS LEGEND The Figs are provided with symbols for all main positions that are defining the entire construction. The items are uniquely labelled in all figures. The legend of the items consists of the position number, description and figure number where the item is displayed. 1. Base (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 2. Vertical tube (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 3. Shaft (Figs 1, 3, 4, 5) 4. Arched tube (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 5. Slider (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 6. Belt (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 7. Spring (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 8. Seat (Figs 1, 3, 4, 5) 9. Slider (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 10.Belt (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 11.Slider (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 12.Head belt (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 13.Slider (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 14.Belt (Figs 1, 3, 4, 5, 6) 15.Vibromasser (Figs 1, 3) 16.Bracket (Var. a) (Figs 1, 2, 3) 17.Upper pulley (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 18.Rope (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 19.Articulated lever upper piece (Figs 1, 3) 20.Articulated lever lower piece (Figs 1, 3) 21.Hand grip (Var.a) (Figs 1, 2, 3) 22.Pedals (Figs 1, 2, 3) 23.Belt (Figs 1, 3) 24.Sprocket (Figs 1, 3) 25.Electric motor for arched tube drive (Figs 3, 4, 5) 26.Waistcoat (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) 27.Electric motor for tensile force mechanism drive (Figs 4, 5) 28.Electric motor support (Figs 4, 5) 29.Threaded spindle (Figs 4, 5) 30.Nut (Figs 4, 5) 31.Tensioning spring (Figs 4, 5) 32.Lower pulley (Figs 4, 5) 33.Bracket (Var.b) (Figs 4, 5, 6, 7) 34.Hand grip (Var.b) (Figs 4, 5, 6, 7) 35.Bar (Figs 4, 5) 36.Control board (Fig 5) 37.Safety swich (Figs 4, 5) 38.Power supply unit (Fig 5) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TWO DESIGN VARIANTS OF THE APPARATUS (a) THE VARIANT WITH FOOT DRIVE AND MANUAL EXTENSION PROVISION (Figs 1, 2) The base (1) supports a fixed vertical tube (2) which nerves as the case of the spindle (3). The spindle (3) is coupled to the arched tube (4). The arched tube (4) is fitted with a slider (5) used to fix the patient/user to the arched tube (4) by a belt (6) and a spring (7) over patient's hips. The slider (11) on the arched tube (4) serves to tie the patient's head by a special belt for head (12). The slider (13) on the arched tube (4) bears the belt (14) and a vibro-masser (15). On the top of the arched tube (4) there is provided a bracket (16) that can be rotated on the arched tube (4). On the bracket (16) there is mounted a bearing supported pulley (17) over which a non-extensible rope is pulled (18) (or a belt). Also, on the bracket (16) there are mounted two articulated levers (19 and 20). At the end of the articulated lever (20), or at the end of the non-extensible rope (18) there is provided a hand-grip (21). By action of the muscles of the patient's legs upon the pedals (22), the torque is transmited via a belt (23) to the bevel gears (24) (or to any other known provision) to the shaft (3) that moves the arched tube (4) (Figs 1, 2). The patient/user is tied by belts (6, 10, 12, 14) to the arched tube (4) so that the spine follows curvature of the arched tube (4). The view of the position of the patient/user is given in Figs 1, 2 and 4. Tieing of the patient/user with the belt (6), spring (7) - rigidly connected to the base (1) and to the seat (8) from one side, and the non-extensible rope (18) and the head belt (12) from the other side, makes possible for the patient/user to extend the spins by the force of his/her own hand muscles and with the aid of the hand-grip (21), and particularly to extend the neck portion of the spine, WITHOUT ANY EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE. In this it is very important the fact that the patient/user can dose ALONE the required force for the spine extension. If a stronger force is desirable for achieving in extension of the lumbal region of the spine, the other end of the non-extensible rope (18) is to be tied to the slider (9) and the belt (10). In such a case all elements of the construction should be dismantled (all elements of the construction are easily disassemble), i. e. the slider (11) and the belt (12) by previously removal of the bracket (16) from the arched tube (4). The patient extension is performed simultaneously with the rotation of the arched tube (4) and the massage with the vibro-masser (15) whose frequency and intensity are electronically controlled. The arched tube (4) is manufactured with several degrees of curvature, and in various shapes, depending on the patient's age or the kind of the malady. Where the patient is not able to perform extension by the force of his/her own hands, weights are suspended on the hand-grip (21), (b) THE VARIANT WITH ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE AND MECHANICAL EXTENSION PROVISION (Figs 4, 5, 6) A programmed electric motor (27) with preset tensile srenght value, is connected to the base (1) with a bracket (28) to perform tensioning by the threaded spindle (29) via a nut (30) that is moving reciprocally along the threated spindle (29), of the non-extensible rope (18) that is tied by one of its ends to the tensioning spring (31) and passed over the bearing supported pulleys (32) and through the shaft (3), the arched tube (4), and again over the bearing supported pulleys (17) mounted on a rotating bracket (33); by other its end it is tied to the slider (11) or the slider (9) that serve for extension of the patient over the belt (12) or (10). The function of the articulated levers(19 and 20, Figs 1 and 2) is replaced in this case by the bar (35, Figs 4,5), while the hand grip is directly tied to the slider (11). In this design variant of the apparatus as shown in Figs 4,5, and 6, the arched tube (4) is driven by a controlled electric motor (25). By combination of the previously described design varints, there is obtained an apparatus shown in Fig 3. An electric motor (25)is used as the prime mover, so that the torque is transmitted both to the arched tube (4) and to the pedals (22). The patient/userin such a case has to give some resistane to the pedals and to attain in this manner the recreation, rehabilitation, or training of the patient / user's lower extremities. PRINCIPLE OF OPERTION (Variant b) The extension process in this case is developed as follows: an expert-physician-prescribes the therapy paramenter values in every particular case; ◆ Tensile strenght / force ( electric motor 27 ) ◆ Arched tube r. p .m ( electric motor 25 ) ◆ Torque ( electric motor 25) ◆ Frequency and intensity of the maser ( electric motor 15 ) ◆ Left - hand cycle duration time ◆ Right - hand cycle duration time ◆ Total - hand cycle duration time The patient/user who wears a special waistcoat (26) serving for a uniform disribution rate of forces, assumes a position as shown in Fig 4. The belts (6, 10, 12, 14) are then tensioned and apparatus set into operation. The electric motor (25) is to be switched on first to move the arched tube (4). While the arched tube (4) is rotating along the helicoidal path, the elecric motor (27) is slowly started up.It graduatly increases the tensioning force until it reaches its preset value. An expert must be present always during the treatment process! Regulations of electric motors, runnig times, operation sequences and all other elements are performed by a microprocessor unit or in any other mode known so far. The Fig.5 shows an electrical box (38) that serves for power supply to the apparatus, a control board (36) and a safety swich (37) to stop the system by the patient in the event of intensified pains. The apparatus of the described variant design is designated primarily to patients that have no control of their hands and/ or legs (paraplegy, quadroplegy, dystrophy sufferers) or have very weak control thereof. Quite contrary to the just described design variant (a), the patient is caused to grip the hand-grip or his / her hands are tied to the hand - grip (34). The physician or the therapeutist is controlling the rotation of the arched tube (4), and the spine extension process by a control board (36). DESIGN VARIANTS ◆ Amateur (home) type Fig. 1,2 ◆ Training type provided for helthy people,sportsmen etc. Fig. 3 ◆ Profesional type with reliable systems of programming, designated for hospital treatments, specilized spine treatments instituions, etc. Figs 4,5

Claims: Apparatus for treatment, physical therapy, rehabilitation and training the spine and other human body parts, comprising a base (1), a seat (8) for patients and a movable tube (4) located behind the seat (8) and extending upwardly, and at least one belt (6,14,10,12) to tie a special part of the patient, characterized in that the tube (4) has an arched shape and is connected with a revolving shaft (3) driven by an electric motor (25) or a pedal mechanism (22,23) and that the belt (6,14,10,12) is connected to the arched tube (4). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that sliders (5,9,11,13) are provided at the tube (4) and said belts (6,14,10,12) are being fixed to the sliders (5,9,11,13). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one belt (6) which is fixing the patient around his hip is elastically connected to the base (1) by at least one spring (7). Apparatus according to one of the claims 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one of the sliders (5,9,13) carries an electric vibrating device, a so called vibro-masser (15). Apparatus according to one of the claims 2 - 4, characterized in that one of the sliders (9,11) is connected with a rope (18) to be pulled upwardly. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the rope (18) is passed over a bearing supported pully (17) on the top of the tube (4) and containing a hand-grip (21) at its free end for being pulled by the patient. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the rope (18) is being passed through the hollow tube (4) and connected via a pulley (32) to an electric motor mechanism for tension control of the rope (18).

Inventors: PUPOVIC MILENKO, PUPOVIC, MILENKO
Applicants: PUPOVIC MILENKO, PUPOVIC, MILENKO
Application year: 1993
Main classification: A61H1
IPC codes: A61H1, A61H23, A63B21