Fungicidal and herbicidal triazoles

Abstract: Fungicidal and herbicidal compounds are disclosed having the formula wherein X is (C₆-C₁₀)aryl optionally substituted with up to three substituents which are independently hydroxy, halo, nitro, trihalomethyl, cyano, (C₁-C₄)alkyl, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy, (C₁-C₄)alkylthio, (C₁-C₄)alkylsulfinyl, (C₁-C₄)alkylsulfonyl, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkoxy, (C₁-C₄)alkylcarbonyl, (C₂-C₈)alkenyl, (C₂-C₄)alkenyloxy, (C₂-C₈)alkynyl, (C₂-C₈)alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenyl monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy, phenoxy or phenoxy monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy; or a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having up to three different hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur and optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently (C₆-C₁₀)aryl or halo; or X is substituted with -O- at the 2-position to complete a lactone with W; Q is 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl) or 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl) optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently halo, (C₁-C₄)alkyl, nitro, cyano, mercapto or (C₁-C₅)alkylmercapto; Z is cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, halo(C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, (C₂-C₈)alkenyl, halo(C₂-C₈)alkenyl, (C₂-C₈)alkynyl, (C₃-C₈)cycloalkyl, (C₅-C₈)cycloalkenyl, (C₃-C₈)cycloalkylalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl, (C₇-C₁₁)aralkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl(C₁-C₄)alkyl, provided X and Z are not heterocyclyl at the same time; W is -OK, -OR, -OR'OR'', -OR'Y, -OR'COOR'', -OR'OCOR'', -NB₂, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperidinyl substituted with (C₁-C₄)alkyl, or an oxygen completing a lactone when joined with X; B is hydrogen, (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, hydroxy(C₃-C₅)alkyl or (C₂-C₆)alkenyl; R is (C₁-C₁₂)alkyl, X, (C₃-C₈)alkenyl, (C₃-C₈)alkynyl, (C₃-C₈)cycloalkyl(C₁-C₅)alkyl, cyano(C₁-C₅)alkyl, hydroxy(C₂-C₄)alkyl or epoxy(C₁-C₅)alkyl, all of which are optionally halogenated, or is hydrogen; provided that when Z is phenyl, W is not NB₂ and when Z is methyl, W is not methoxy; R' is (-CH(CH₃)-) p (-CH₂-) n or (-CH₂-) q CH=CH(-CH₂-) m ; n is an integer from 0 to 6; p is 0 or 1, provided n and p are not both 0; q and m are each independently integers from 0 to 3; R'' is (C₁-C₆)alkyl, X, Y-(C₁-C₄)alkyl or (C₁-C₂)trialkylsilyl(C₁-C₄)alkyl, all optionally halogenated, or hydrogen; and Y is phenyl, naphthyl, piperidinyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, phthalimido, morpholinyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl or (C₃-C₈)cycloalkyl, all of which may be optionally substituted with the substituents defined for X; and the agronomically acceptable enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof. Processes for making the compounds are also disclosed.

Description: This invention relates to (2-carboxy-2,2-disubstituted)-ethyl-1,2,4-triazoles, their enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes, compositions containing these compounds and the use of these compounds as herbicides and as fungicides, particularly against phytopathogenic fungi. U.S. 4,366,165 discloses 1- and 4-arylcyanoalkyl-1,2,4- triazoles as fungicidal agents. The compounds of this disclosure are limited to those having a cyano group bonded to the beta carbon of the alkyl substituent on the triazole. EP 52,424A discloses 2-ethyl substituted triazole compounds in which the beta carbon of the ethyl group has a chloro, cyano, or oxy substituent. GB 2104065A discloses microbial mandelic acid derivatives and mandelonitriles. These compounds are generally 2-ethyltriazoles in which the beta carbon of the ethyl group is substituted by an aromatic substituent, an oxy substituent, and a carboxyl or cyano group. All of the compounds of this disclosure require that at least one of the substituents on the beta carbon of the ethyl group be an oxy substituent. US 4,598,085 discloses fungicidal 1-(2-aryl-2-R-ethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazoles as fungicidal agents. The compounds of this disclosure all have a hydrogen atom on the beta carbon of the ethyl substituted triazole in addition to an optionally substituted phenyl group and lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkenyl, aryl methyl and aryl ethyl substituents. DE 3408127A discloses fungicidal N-(azolylethyl)carboxamides. The compounds of this disclosure reportedly have a carboxamide group attached to the beta carbon of the ethyl substituent of the triazole. US 4,398,942 discloses herbicidally active phenylacetonitriles. These compounds, while being substituted ethyltriazoles, have either a cyano or ethynyl group on the beta carbon of the ethyl substituent. US 4,411,687 discloses fungicidal azolyl glycol derivatives having ether or ester linkages at the beta carbon of 2-ethyltriazoles, along with a glycol substituent on the alpha carbon. DE 3221915A discloses fungicidal esters having chloro substitutents on the alpha carbon of 2-ethyltriazoles and alkyl esters on the beta carbon. EP 69,448A discloses fungicidal triazoles having amido substituents on the beta carbon of 2-ethyltriazoles. EP 234,242A discloses fungicidal 2-ethyltriazoles with fluoroalkyloxy substituents on the beta carbon of the ethyl chain. EP 46,658A discloses bistriazolyl ketones in which the bridging ethylene has a lower alkyl carbonyl substituent. This invention relates to novel (2-carboxy-2,2-disubstituted)ethyl-1,2,4-triazoles, the enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof, and their use as broad-spectrum systemic fungicides. Certain compounds of this invention are also useful as pre- and postemergent herbicides. Specifically the present invention provides compounds of the formula wherein X is (C 6 -C 10 )aryl optionally substituted with up to three substituents which are independently hydroxy, halo, nitro, trihalomethyl, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 4 )alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenyl monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy, phenoxy or phenoxy monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy; or a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having up to three different hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur which are members of the group consisting of furan, thiophene, triazole, imidazole, pyridine, pyrimidine; pyrazole, oxazole, piperazine and morpholine, all of which may be optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently (C 6 -C 10 )aryl or halo; or X is substituted with -O- at the 2-position to complete a lactone with W; Q is 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl) or 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl) optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently halo, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, nitro, cyano, mercapto or (C 1 -C 5 )alkylmercapto; Z is (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, halo(C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, halo(C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl, (C 5 -C 8 )cycloalkenyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkylalkyl, (C 6 -C 10 )aryl, (C 7 -C 11 )aralkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, provided X and Z are not heterocyclyl at the same time; W is -OK, -OR, -OR'OR", -OR'Y, -OR'COOR", -OR'OCOR", or an oxygen completing a lactone when joined with X; R is (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, X, (C 3 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 3 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, cyano(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 2 -C 4 )alkyl or epoxy(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, all of which are optionally halogenated, or is hydrogen; provided that when Z is methyl, W is not methoxy; R' is (-CH(CH 3 )-) p (-CH 2 -) n or (-CH 2 -) q CH=CH(-CH 2 -) m ; n is an integer from 0 to 6; p is 0 or 1, provided n and p are not both 0; q and m are each independently integers from 0 to 3; R" is (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, X, Y-(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or (C 1 -C 2 )trialkylsilyl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, all optionally halogenated, or hydrogen; and Y is phenyl, naphthyl, piperidinyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, phthalimido, morpholinyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl or (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl, all of which may be optionally substituted with the substituents defined for X; and the agronomically acceptable enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof. The invention also provides compositions comprising the above compounds and an agronomically acceptable carrier, and in a further aspect comprises the use of such compounds or compositions as fungicides against phytopathogenic fungi or herbicides. In another aspect the invention provides a method of preventing or inhibiting the growth of phythopathogenic fungi or vegetation in a locus susceptible or subject to growth thereof, comprising applying to the locus a fungicidally or herbicidally effective amount of a compound or composition as defined above. The term "aryl" means an aromatic ring structure of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably a phenyl or a naphthyl group. The aryl may be substituted with up to three substituents, preferably with up to two substituents, such as hydroxy, halo, nitro, trihalomethyl, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 4 )alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenyl monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy, phenoxy and phenoxy monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy. Typical aryl groups include, phenyl, naphthyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 4-phenylphenyl, 4-(4'-chlorophenyl)phenyl, 4-phenoxyphenyl, 2-chloro-4-(4'-chlorophenoxy)phenyl, 2,4-dibromophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl, 2,3,4-tribromophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-chloro- 4-iodophenyl, 3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl, 2,4-dinitrophenyl, 3,4,5-tri-methylphenyl, 2-nitro-4-methoxyphenyl, 2-chloronaphthyl, 2-nitronaphthyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 3,5-bis(methylthio)phenyl, 2-cyano-5-methylphenyl, 2,4-bis(methylsulfinyl)phenyl, 2,4-bis-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2,4-diiodonaphtyl and 2-iodo-4-methylphenyl. The term "heterocyclyl" means 5 and 6 membered rings having up to three different hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, such as furan, thiophene, triazole, imidazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, oxazole, piperazine and morpholine, which may be optionally substituted with up to two substituents independently selected from (C 6 -C 10 )aryl and halo, so far as it concerns substituents X in claim 1. The term "alkyl" includes both branched and straight chained alkyl groups of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Typical alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, n -propyl, isopropyl, n -butyl, sec -butyl, isobutyl, t -butyl, n -pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, isooctyl, nonyl, decyl, isodecyl, undecyl, dodecyl and the like. The alkyl groups may be halogenated. The term "alkylenyl" refers to a bivalent alkyl group in which two free bonds can be on the same carbon or different carbons. The term "aralkyl" defines a group wherein the alkyl chain is from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, branched or straight chained, and the aryl is defined as above. Typical aralkyl groups include, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl, 2,4-dibromobenzyl, 2,5-dinitrobenzyl, 2,4,6-trichlorobenzyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenethyl, 2,5-bis(methylsulfonyl)phenethyl, 2,4,5-trimethylphenylbutyl, 2,4-dicyanonaphthylmethyl, 2-nitronaphthylethyl, 2-nitronaphthylpropyl, 2,4-dibromonaphthylbutyl, 4-chlorophenethyl, 4-fluorophenethyl, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenethyl and the like. The terms "alkenyl" and "alkynyl" include branched and straight chain hydrocarbons of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms having at least one unsaturated bond. These substituents may be halogenated. The term "alkenylenyl" refers to a bivalent alkenyl group in which the two free bonds are on different carbons. In the definition of Q, the term "optionally substituted 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl) or 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl)" includes unsubstituted 1- and 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl) and 1- and 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl) substituted with up to two substituents selected from halo, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, nitro, cyano, mercapto and (C 1 -C 5 )alkylmercapto. As used herein and in the appended claims, the symbol "OCOR" refers to a group in which the carbon of the carbonyl moiety is bonded to R; the symbol "COOR" refers to a group in which the non-carbonyl oxygen is bonded to the R group. The acids which can be utilized in making the acid addition salts of the present invention include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, hydriodic, hydrofluoric, perchloric, p -toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, acetic, citric, tartaric, malic, maleic, oxalic, fumaric, phthalic and the like. Another embodiment of this invention is the metal salt complexes of the formula: wherein X, Z, Q and W are as defined in Formula (I) above, M is a cation selected from the Group consisting of magnesium, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, boron, cobalt, calcium, tin, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and barium, and A is an anionic counterion selected to neutralize the charge of the cation M. Typical anions encompassed by this invention are selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, sulfate, bisulfate, perchlorate, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, acetate, citrate, oxalate, tartrate, malate, maleate, fumarate, p -toluenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, mono- or di(C 1 -C 4 )alkyldithiocarbamate, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylenebisdithiocarbamate. A preferred embodiment of this invention is the compounds, enantiomorphs, salts and complexes of Formulas (I) and (II) wherein X is phenyl, optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents, preferably with from 1 to 2 substituents, selected from halo, nitro, trihalomethyl, preferably trifluoromethyl, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylthio, phenoxy, monohalophenoxy and phenyl; Z is selected from (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, halo(C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 5 -C 7 )cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 5 )alkenyl, halo(C 2 -C 5 )alkenyl, (C 5 -C 6 )cycloalkenyl, (C 2 -C 4 )alkynyl, phenyl, benzyl, and, phenethyl provided that when Z is methyl, W is not methoxy, and Q is 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl). A more preferred embodiment of this invention is the compounds, enantiomorphs, salts and complexes of Formulas (I) and (II) wherein X is phenyl, optionally substituted at the 4-position with chloro, bromo, fluoro or trifluoromethyl; Z is (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 5 -C 6 ) cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl that when Z is methyl, W is not methoxy; and Q is 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl). The compounds described and claimed herein were synthesized starting from the known arylcyanoalkyl-1,2,4-triazoles. -triazoles. The general steps are: A. Hydrolysis of nitrile to acid; B. Hydrolysis of nitrile to amide; C. Hydrolysis of amide to acid; D. Esterification of acid to ester; D". Esterification of acid chloride to ester; E". Acid to acid chloride; These procedures apply to (2-carbonyl)ethyl-1,2,4-triazoles in which the aryl group, X, is either substituted or unsubstituted. The methods employed are well known and can be found in any standard treatise on synthetic chemistry, such as J. March. Advanced Organic Chemistry--Reactions, Mechanism and Structure, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1985, hereinafter "March". The reaction is outlined in Scheme 1. In Scheme 1, X, Z and Q are as defined in formula I; and W 1 is R, R'OR", R'Y, R'COOR" and R'OCOR" wherein R, R', R" and Y are as defined in formula I. (In each instance where the term "phenyl" occurs in the description of the Steps of Scheme 1, it is to be considered representative of the substitutent X where X is defined in formula I.) Step A: Hydrolysis of Nitrile to Acid The hydrolysis of a nitrile derivative (1) to a carboxylic acid (2) is performed under strongly acidic conditions using acids such as concentrated hydrochloric, 50-96% sulfuric, 48% hydrobromic; preferably, the hydrolysis is conducted at a temperature of about 100-140°C with 48% hydrobromic acid or concentrated hydrochloric acid for up to four days. Step A is preferred for phenyl derivatives which are not substituted in the ortho position. Step B: Hydrolysis of Nitrile to Amide The hydrolysis of a nitrile (1) to an amide (3) is conveniently effected with either a strong acid, such as used in Step A, or a strong base. When an acid is used, the hydrolysis is preferably conducted with 95% sulfuric acid at a temperature of about 80-130°C, more preferably at a temperature of about 90-110°C for up to seven days. Strongly basic conditions may be obtained by selecting a base such as concentrated sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide. In addition to water, the hydrolysis may also be run in the presence of another solvent, for example a dipolar aprotic solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide. Preferably, the hydrolysis is conducted with concentrated sodium hydroxide for about 1 to 3 hours. Generally, it is conducted at a temperature of about 80-130°C, more preferably about 90-110°C. Step C: Hydrolysis of Amide to Acid The amides (3) can be hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acids (2) directly using a strong acid such as those of Step A or to the salt of a carboxylic acid using a strong base such as those of Step B. Strong acids are preferred, preferably about 45-95% sulfuric or about 48% hydrobromic acid. The amide is reacted with the appropriate acid or base at a temperature of about 80-160°C and more preferably about 80-130°C. This step is preferred for ortho-substituted phenyl derivatives. Step D: Esterification of Acid to Ester The esters (4) of this invention can be prepared using known techniques directly from the nitriles (1) using an alcohol and a strong acid catalyst or from the carboxylic acids (2) under milder reaction conditions, using an alcohol and strong acid with removal of the water formed. Alternatively, the sodium or potassium salt of the acid (2) can be formed under basic conditions using a base such as sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, or sodium or potassium hydroxide. The carboxylic acid salt preferably is reacted with an alkyl or aralkyl halide in a nucleophilic displacement type reaction to obtain the esters (4). A polar solvent, such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) for a hydride base or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) for a carbonate base, facilitates the reaction. Temperatures from room ambient temperature to about 110°C may be utilized with reaction times up to one day. Step D": Esterification of Acid Chloride Esters (4) can be prepared from the acid chloride (6) described in step E" by the reaction with hydroxy derivatives such as alcohols, substituted phenols and hydroxy substituted heterocyles using a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, methylene chloride and a basis catalyst such as pyridine or triethylamine at about 0-50°C, preferably 10-35°C, for up to 24 hours. Step E": Acid to Acid Chloride The acid chloride (6) can be prepared from the acid using standard chlorinating agents such as phosphorous pentachloride phosphorous trichloride, phosphorous oxychloride, or preferably, thionyl chloride in a nonpolar solvent such as toluene at a temperature of about 0°C to about 100°C. In an alternative synthesis (Scheme 2), certain 2-oxyphenyltriazole compounds may be prepared from 2-methoxyphenylcyanoalkyl-1,2,4-triazoles by hydrolysis (Step A') of the nitrile (11) with simultaneous removal of the methyl substituent to a lactone (12), lactone opening (Step D') to the di-sodium salt (13) and etherification and esterification (Step F'-1) to the ester (16), wherein R in OR and W 1 is the same moiety, optionally followed by hydrolysis (Step F'-2) to the acid (17) and alternate esterification (Step C') to the ester (15). The lactone (12) may also be converted (Step E'-1) to its potassium salt (14) and then etherified (Step E'-2) to give a new alkoxy compound (15), wherein R in OR and W 1 need not be the same moiety. Q, Z and R are as defined for Formula I. For the purposes of illustration, the aromatic ring is shown as an ortho-substituted phenyl ring. When the substituent on the aryl is 2-methoxy, the more preferred route is as follows: A 2-methoxyaryl cyanide such as 2-methoxybenzyl cyanide, is reacted with an alkyl halide, such as cyclopentyl bromide or butyl bromide, or an aralkyl halide, such as benzyl bromide, in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide, to form an alkylated or aralkylated intermediate (10). Reaction temperatures may be about 10-50°C, preferably under 40°C. The reaction can generally be completed in less than 6 hours. Triazoles (11) were synthesized according to the procedure of EP 251,775, which is herein incorporated by reference. The purified intermediate (10) is dissolved in a dipolar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, and reacted with a strong base such as a metal hydride, preferably sodium hydride, to form an anion. Generally, ambient room temperature and a time period of under 2 hours is suitable. A solution of halomethyltriazole (7), preferably chloro- or bromomethyl-1,2,4-triazole, in a dipolar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, is added to the anionic alkylated intermediate (10) at a temperature of about 20-60°C, preferably 25-40°C, and allowed to react for a period of about 0.5-6.0 hours to form the triazole (11). Step A': Nitrile Hydrolysis to Lactone Lactones (12) are prepared by reacting a compound of Formula (11), such as α-benzyl-α-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propane-nitrile, with a strong acid, such as hydrochloric, hydriodic, or hydrobromic, preferably 48% hydrobromic, at about 90-120°C for up to one week. Step B': Lactone Opening to a Carboxylic Acid; Step B" to Form Salt Carboxylic acid derivatives (17) can be prepared from lactones (12), such as 3-benzyl-3-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-methyl]-2(3H)-benzofuranone, by treating the lactone with an excess of basic alcohol solution, such as methanolic potassium hydroxide, for about 2-6 hours at a temperature from about 70-120°C. After cooling, an alkyl halide, such as methyl iodide, is added and allowed to react at a temperature of from about 25-70°C for an additional time period of up to 6 hours. An alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, salt (18) of the carboxylic acid derivatives (17) can be prepared from (17) by the addition of the appropriate alkali metal hydroxide. Step C': Esterification of Acid to Ester This procedure is essentially identical to that described in Step D of the previous cascade. Step D', F'-1: Lactone Opening Followed by Alkylation/Esterification This method provides for identical alkoxy and ester groups and leads to compound (16). Starting with lactones (12) in an alcoholic solvent such as methanol, the lactone is hydrolyzed by a strong base, such as 50% sodium hydroxide, to form a disalt intermediate (13). Temperatures of about 60-110°C are employed with reaction times up to 7 hours. After removal of the alcoholic solvent, a dipolar aprotic solvent such as DMF is added, followed by an alkyl, aralkyl or alkenyl halide, preferably a bromide or iodide. The reaction mixture is heated from about 35-70°C for up to 8 hours to yield an ester (16). Step E'-1, E'-2: Lactone Opening to Phenoxide/Ester Followed by Alkylation This method provides an alkoxy group different from the ester group by solvolysis of a lactone compound (12) to a phenoxide ester (14) using an alkoxide metal salt, such as potassium butoxide. The reaction is relatively facile and can be completed in the presence of a dipolar aprotic solvent, such as DMF, usually in under one hour at ambient temperature. An alkyl halide, such as methyl iodide, can then be added to the intermediate (14) and reacted at temperatures of about 20-60°C for about 0.5-4 hours to afford compound (15). Step F'-2: Hydrolysis of Ester to Carboxylic Acid Esters of Formula (16) may be hydrolyzed with either strong acids or bases in appropriate solvents. A strong base, such as 50% sodium hydroxide, in a dipolar aprotic solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, may be employed. The ester in an aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide solvent is heated with the strong base at a temperature of about 80-130°C for up to 24 hours to afford compounds of formula (17). The acid addition salts of the 1,2,4-triazoles of this invention can be prepared by standard techniques well-known in the art. For example, the 1,2,4-triazole of Formula (I) can be dissolved in an appropriate solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, methanol, and the like or combinations thereof, and treated with an equivalent or excess amount of a mineral or organic acid which may or may not be dissolved in an appropriate solvent. The mixture is then either cooled or evaporated to give the salt which can either be used as such or recrystallized from an appropriate solvent or combination of appropriate solvents. The metal salt complexes of the above 1,2,4-triazoles can be prepared by adding dropwise, with stirring, a stoichiometric amount of a metal salt dissolved in an appropriate solvent or combination of solvents. The reaction mixture is briefly stirred and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give the metal salt complex of the 1,2,4-triazoles of Formula (II). The metal salt complexes can also be prepared by mixing stoichiometric or excess amounts of the metal salt and a triazole of Formula (I) in the desired amount of solvent containing the appropriate adjuvants just prior to spraying the plants. Adjuvants that may be included in this in-situ preparation may be detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers, adhesives, and the like which are used in agricultural applications. Solvents that can be utilized in these procedures include any polar solvent, for example, water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or ethylene glycol and any aprotic dipolar solvent, for example, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, nitromethane or acetone. The metal salt cations that can be used in these procedures can be selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, cobalt, tin, cadmium, mercury, chromium, lead, barium and the like. Anions such as chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, nitrate, perchlorate, carbonate, bicarbonate, hydrosulfide, hydroxide, acetate, oxalate, malate, citrate and the like may be utilized as the counterion in the metal salt. The compounds of this invention possess an asymmetric carbon atom and thus exist as racemic mixtures. The d and l enantiomorphs in these racemic mixtures can be separated via standard techniques such as fractional crystallization with d-tartaric acid, 1-tartaric acid, 1-quinic acid and the like followed by basification and extraction of the d or l enantiomorph free base. Table 1 lists certain compounds of the invention, along with their melting points. Elemental analyses are given in Table 2 for some of the compounds. The designation "lactone" refers to a compound prepared by Method A' of general structure: Elemental Analysis Ex. No. Analysis Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Chlorine 2 Calculated 57.22 5.49 14.31 10.89 12.08 Found 56.60 5.65 13.59 10.88 11.27 3 Calculated 58.51 5.89 13.69 10.40 11.52 Found 58.18 6.07 13.34 10.15 11.12 4 Calculated 59.69 6.26 13.06 9.95 11.02 Found 58.56 6.51 12.68 9.96 10.60 13 Calculated 66.85 7.37 14.63 11.14 Found 67.31 7.38 14.07 11.12 18 Calculated 60.27 6.60 12.52 9.53 11.08 Found 60.78 6.55 12.53 9.00 10.58 20 Calculated 62.69 7.20 11.55 8.80 9.77 Found 62.77 7.23 12.17 8.80 9.79 21 Calculated 66.38 6.08 10.56 8.04 8.94 Found 66.70 6.55 10.04 8.10 8.72 22 Calculated 56.89 5.84 11.07 16.86 9.34 Found 56.69 5.88 11.03 16.91 9.28 23 Calculated 57.92 6.14 10.68 16.26 9.00 Found 57.94 6.18 10.79 16.34 8.79 24 Calculated 58.58 6.89 10.26 15.62 8.65 Found 59.58 6.85 9.88 15.63 8.39 27 Calculated 61.87 5.65 9.42 7.17 15.89 Found 61.11 5.92 9.04 8.39 15.39 28 Calculated 63.21 5.81 14.05 8.03 8.89 Found 63.07 5.70 13.70 8.23 9.07 29 Calculated 63.21 5.81 14.05 8.03 8.89 Found 62.42 5.93 13.70 9.27 8.56 31 Calculated 62.77 6.92 12.02 9.15 10.14 Found 61.70 6.80 12.20 8.94 10.42 32 Calculated 64.53 6.13 9.83 11.22 8.29 Found 64.03 6.12 9.44 12.19 8.34 33 Calculated 59.75 7.65 9.96 7.59 8.41 Found 58.32 7.72 10.11 7.73 8.15 36 Calculated 59.90 6.95 13.32 11.41 8.43 Found 59.58 7.01 12.87 11.98 8.42 37 Calculated 67.98 6.18 9.92 7.55 8.37 Found 68.11 6.29 9.36 7.64 8.40 40 Calculated 54.07 5.10 11.83 9.01 19.97 Found 54.40 5.54 11.60 8.38 19.73 41 Calculated 55.12 5.72 11.36 8.65 19.16 Found 55.19 5.86 11.42 8.92 19.09 42 Calculated 56.23 6.03 10.94 8.33 18.46 Found 57.03 6.33 10.97 8.06 17.26 46 Calculated 60.76 7.33 9.35 7.04 15.62 Found 60.85 7.50 10.79 6.03 15.26 119 Calculated 55.12 5.72 11.35 8.65 19.16 Found 55.44 5.84 11.52 8.61 18.66 120 Calculated 57.27 6.33 10.55 8.04 17.81 Found 57.53 6.41 10.61 8.40 17.38 121 Calculated 60.78 6.61 12.52 9.53 10.56 Found 60.77 6.63 12.44 9.85 10.43 122 Calculated 62.69 7.21 11.55 8.80 9.75 Found 62.58 7.11 11.59 8.54 10.03 123 Calculated 65.75 8.16 10.01 7.62 8.44 Found 65.24 7.96 9.05 7.90 8.62 124 Calculated 64.92 5.45 11.37 8.65 9.51 Found 65.01 5.66 11.10 8.75 9.45 Ex. No. Analysis Silicon Fluorine 33 Calculated 6.65 14.62 Found 6.85 12.79 NMR shifts for Examples of the Invention EX.NO 5 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -DMSO):1.0-1.1(t,3H), 1.9-2.3(m,2H), 3.1-3.5(br s,1H), 4.7-5.1 (ABq,2H), 7.0-7.1(d,1H), 7.30-7.35(dd,1H), 7.65-7.70(d,1H), 7.8(s,1H), and 8.0(s,1H). EX.NO 6 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -DMSO): 1.0-2.3(m,7H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.5-4.9(ABq, 2H), 6.8-7.3(m,4H),7.5(br s,1H) and 7.9(br s,1H). EX.NO 7 NMR:200MHz (d6-DMSO) 0.9-1.7(m,5H), 2.5-3.2(ABq,2H), 3.8(br s,3H), 4.6-4.8(AB q,2H), 6.7-7.4(m,4H), 7.8(br s,1H) and 8.4(br s,1H). EX.NO 8 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ): 0.9-1.1 (t,3H), 1.2-1.4(m,1H), 1.7-2.0(m,3H), 3.7(s,3H),3.8(s,3H), 4.8(s,2H), 6.7-7.0(m,3H), 7.0-7.1(br's,1H), 7.2-7.3(m,1H) and 7.7-7.8(br s,1H). EX.NO 9 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ): 0.8-0.9(t,3H), 0.9-1.0(t,6H), 1.2-1.4(m,4H), 1.4-1.7(m, 4H), 1.7-1.9(m,4H), 3.9-4.2(m,4H), 4.8(s,2H), 6.7-7.2(m,5H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.NO 10 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ): 1.0-1.1 (t,3H), 1.2-1.4(m,1H), 1.7-2.1(m,5H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.4(s,3H), 3.5-3.6(t,2H), 3.7-3.8(t,2H), 4.1-4.4(m,4H), 4.7-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.2(m,4H), 7.1(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No.11 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ): 1.0-1.1(t,3H), 1.2-1.4(m,1H), 1.7-2.1(m,5H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.4(s,3H), 3.5-3.6(t,2H), 3.7-3.8(t,2H), 4.1-4.4(m,4H), 4.7-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.2(m,4H), 7.1(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No.14 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.1-1.2(two doublets, 6H), 1.4-1.7(m,4H), 1.9-2.1(m,2H), 4.5-4.9(ABq,2H), 5.0-5.2(m,1H), 7.0-7.4(m,6H), 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 15 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.3-1.7(m,4H), 1.9-2.1(t,2H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.5-3.6(t,2H), 4.2-4.4(t,2H), 4.6-4.9(ABq,2H), 7.1-7.4 (m,4H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 43 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.1-2.4(m,9H), 1.4-1.6(d,6H) 4.9-5.4(ABq,2H), 5.3-5.5(t,1H), 7.0-7.2(d,1H), 7.3-7.5(dd,1H), 7.65-7.7(d,1H), 7.6(s,1H) and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 44 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.7-2.1(m,16H), 4.0-4.3(t,2H), 4.7-5.2(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.0(d,1H) 7.1-7.3(dd,1H), 7.5-7.55(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7,9(s,1H). EX.No. 45 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-1.0(d,6H), 1.2-2.2(m,10H), 3.9-4.1(d,2H), 4.7-5.3(ABq,2H) 6.9-7.1(d,1H), 7.1-7.5(dd,1H), 7.5-7.6(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H) and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 47 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-2.4(m,9H), 5.0-5.4(ABq,2H),.5.1-5.4(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.6(d,9H), 8.0(s,1H) and 8.1(s,1H). EX.No. 48 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-2.2(m,9H), 2.3(br s,1H), 3.7-3.9(9br t,2H), 4.2-4.4(br t, 2H), 4.8-5.2(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.6(m,3H), 7.6(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 49 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.6(m,12H), 2.3(br s,1H), 3.8-3.9(d,1H), 4.3(m,2H), 5.0-5.3(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.5(m,3H), 7.8(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No.50 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,9H), 3.5(s,3H), 4.9-5.0(br d 1H), 5.2-5.5(ABq, 2H),6.9-7.0(d,1H), 7.1-7.3(dd,1H), 7.45-7.5(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 51 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-1.6(m,9H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.4-3.7(t,2H), 4.2-4.4(t,2H), 4.8-5.0(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.5(m,3H), 7.4(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 52 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-1.6(m,15H), 3.6-4.0(m,2H), 4.8-5.4(ABq,2H), 6.1-6.3(t,1H), 7.0-7.2(d,1H), 7.2-7.5(dd,1H), 7.65-7.7(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No.53 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-2.2(m,12H), 5,0-5.1(br s,2H), 5.5-5.8(m,1H), 7.0-7.77(m, 3H), 7.5(s,1H) and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 54 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-2.4(m,9H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.4-5.4(ABq,2H), 7.2-7.6(m,3H), 7.5(s,1H), and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 55 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.0(m,9H), 1.3-1.5(two overlapping d,3H), 3.8(s,3H),4.7-4.9(br s, 2H), 5.1-5.3(q,1H), 7.0-7.5(m,3H), 7.5(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 56 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-1.9(m,9H), 2.1(s,3H), 4.3-4.6(m,4H), 5.0-5.2(ABq,2H), 6.9-7.2(d,1H), 7.2-7.4(dd,1H), 7.5-7.55(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 57 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-2.1(m,9H), 2.5(t,1H), 4.8-5.0(q,2H), 5.1-5.2(s,2H), 7.0-7.6(m,3H), 7.5(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 58 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,9H), 4.5-5.2(ABq,2H), 4.9-5.0(d,2H), 5.4(s,2H), 6.9-7.1(d,1H), 7.2-7.4(dd,1H), 7.4-7.5(d,1H), 7.4(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 59 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,9H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.9(s,2H), 5.4-5.8(br s,2H), 6.9-7.1(m,3H), 7.2(s,1H), 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 60 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -DMSO): 0.9-2.0(m,9H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.8-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.2(m,4H), 7.4(br s,1H) and 7.8(br s,1H). EX.No. 61 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.2-2.1(m,6H), 3.7(s,3H), 3.85(s,3H), 4.8(br s,2H), 6.8-7.0(m,3H), 7.1(s,1H), 7.3-7.4(m,1H) 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 62 NMR: 200Hz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.1-1.2(t,3H), 1.1-2.1(m,6H),3.8(s,3H), 4.1-4.3(AB q,2H), 4.8(s,2H) and 6.9-7.4(m,5H). EX.No. 63 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.2-2.1(m,6H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.4-4.7(m,2H), 4.8(s,2H), 6.8-7.4(m,5H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 64 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-2.3(m,15H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.9(s,2H), 5.0-5.3(t,1H), 6.9-7.5 (m,5H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 65 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,9H), 3.4(s,3H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.9(s,2H), 5.3(s,2H), 6.9-7.6(m,5H), and 7.9(br s,1H). EX.No. 66 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,9H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.6(m,2H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.2(m,2H), 4.8(s,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,5H), and 7.8(br s,1H). EX.No. 67 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.1(m,12H), 3.4-3.7(two overlapping ABq, 4H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.2-4.4(m,2H), 4.9(s,2H), 7.0-7.4(m,5H), and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 68 NMR: 60MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-2.3(m,12H), 4.0(two s,3H), 4.9(s,2H), 5.4-5.8(q,1H), 6.9-7.6(m,8H), and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 69 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.1(t,3H), 1.3-1.4(br s,9H), 1.4-2.0(m,6H), 3.8(s,3H), .7-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,4H), 7.0(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 70 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.1-2.0(m,6H), 2.45-2.55(m,1H), 2.75-2.80(t,1H), 3.1-3.15(m,1H), 3.8(s,3H), 3.9-4.0(m,1H), 4.8(br s,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,5H), and 7.7(s,1H). EX.No. 72 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.1(t,3H), 1.2-1.3(t,3H), 1.4-1.5(t,3H), 1.6-2.0(m,6H), 4.0-4.3(m,4H), 4.8(br s,2H), 6.8-7.2(m,4H), 7.3 (s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 73 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.1(t,3H), 1.4(s,9H), 1.3-1.5(m,4H), 1.7-1.9(m,2H) 4.0-4.2(m,2H), 4.7-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.3(m,4H), 7.0(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 74 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-0.9(t,3H), 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.0-1.2(t,3H), 1.2-2.0(m,8H), 3.9-4.2(m,4H), 4.9(s,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,5H) and 7.8(s,1H),1H). EX.No. 75 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.0-1.1(t,3H), 1.3(s,9H), 1.5-2.0(m,8H), 3.9-4.1(t,2H), 4.7-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.2(m,4H), 7.0(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 76 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.0-1.15(t,3H), 1.2-1.25(d,3H), 1.32-1.36(d,3H), 1.40-1.42(d,3H), 1.4-2.0(m,6H), 4.6-4.8(m,1H), 4.8(br s, 2H), 4.95-5.10(m,1H), 6.7-7.0(m,4H), 7.2-7.4(m,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 77 NMR:200MH z (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.1(q,3H), 1.4(s,9H), 1.3-2.0(m,13H), 4.0-4.1(t,2H), 4.7-5.0 (ABq,2H), 6.7-6.9(m,3H), 6.9(s,1H), 7.2-7.3(m,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 78 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.1(t,3H), 1.2-2.1(m,6H), 2.4-2.45(t,1H), 2.5-2.55 t,1H), 4.6-5.0(three overlapping ABq, 6H), 6.8-7.1(m,3H), 7.1(s,1H), 7.2-7.3(m,1H) and 7.7(s,1H). EX.No. 79 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(t,3H), 1.2-2.1(m,6H), 3.25(s,3H), 3.45(s,3H), 3.5-3.6(t,2H), 3.7-3.8(t,2H), 4.0-4.9(m,4H), 4.7-5.0 (ABq,2H), 6.7-6.9(m,3H), 7.0(s,1H), 7.1-7.2(m,1H), and 7.7(2,1H). EX.No. 80 NMR: 200HZ (d 6 DMSO): 0.8-1.4(two overlapping doublets, 6H), 1.0-1.6(m,3H), 1.7-2.1(m,2H), 4.6-4.9(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.3(m,4H), 7.9(s,1H) and 7.95(s,1H). EX.No. 81 NMR: 200MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-1.2(m, 11H), 1.4-1.8(m,3H), 1.9-2.1(m,2H), 4.0-4.2(m,2H), 4.5-4.8(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.2(m,4H), 7.4(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 82 NMR:200MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-1.2(m,7H), 1.4-1.7(m,2H), 1.9-2.1(m,2H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.5-3.6(m,2H), 4.2-4.5(m,2H), 4.6-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.9-7.2 (m,4H),7.5(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 83 NMR:200MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 1.3-2.0(m,8H), 2.4-2.6(m,1H), 4.6-4.9(ABq, 2H), 6.9( m,4H),7.7(s,1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 84 NMR:200MHZ (d 6 -DMSO) 1.6-2.2(m,8H), 2.6-2.8(m,1H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.6-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.7-7.3(m,5H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 85 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -DMSO) 1.2-2.2(m,8H), 2.6-2.7(m,1H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.6-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.8-7.2(m,4H), 7.4(s,1H) and 7.7(s,1H). EX.No. 86 NMR: MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 1.4-2.8(m,9H), 3.7(s,3H), 3.9(s,3H), 4.7(s,2H), 6.8-7.3(m, 5H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No.87 NMR:200MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 1.1-1.9(m,10H), 2.0-2.1(m,1H), 4.7-4.9(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.3 (m,4H), 7.7(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 88 NMR:200MHZ (CDCl 3 ) 1.1-2.2(m,11H), 3.7(s,3H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.6-5.1(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,5H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 89 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2-3.8(ABq,2H), 4.6-5.0(ABq,2H), 6.9-7.5(m,8H), 7.8 (s,1H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 90 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.4(two d,6H), 3.8-4.2(d,2H), 4.8-5.2(ABq,2H), 7.0-7.7(m,9H), and 8.0(br s,1H). EX.No. 91 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.3(s,3H), 3.2-3.6(m,4H), 4.1-4.4(m,2H), 4.7-5.2(ABq,2H),7.0-7.7(m,9H), and 8.0(br s,1H). EX.No. 92 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -acetone) 3.3-3.8(ABq,2H), 4.4-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.9-7.6(m,9H), 7.7(s,1H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 93 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.1-1.2(t,3H) 3.3-3.8(ABq,2H), 4.1-4.2(q,2H), 4.6-4.8 (ABq 2H), 6.9-7.5(m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 94 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2-3.4(ABq,2H), 4.6-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,9H), 7.7(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 95 NMR:200MHz (d 6 -DMSO) 2.9-3.5(ABq,2H), 3.5(br s,3H), 4.2-4.6(ABq,2H),6.5-7.3(m, 11H), 7.8(br s,1H). EX.No. 96 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.1-3.5(ABq,2H), 3.8-3.9(br s,3H), 4.3-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.7-7.4 (m,9H), 7.8(s,1H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 97 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2-3.8(ABq,2H), 3.6(s,3H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.7(s,2H), 6.9-7.5 (m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 98 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-1.2(t,3H), 3.2-3.7(ABq, 2H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.0-4.1(q,2H), 4.7-4.8(br s,2H), 6.8-7.6(m,10H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 99 NMR:200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2-3.8(ABq,2H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.2-4.5(m,2H), 4.85(s,2H), 6.8-7.6(m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 100 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.7-0.8(t,3H), 1.4-1.6(m,2H), 3.1-3.7(ABq,2H), 3.8(s,3H), 3.9-4.0(t,2H), 4.7-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.6(m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 101 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.3(s,3H), 3.3-3.6(m,2H), 3.2-3.7(ABq,2H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.0-4.3(m,2H), 4.7-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.6(m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 102 NMR: 200MHz (d 6 -DMSO) 2.5(br s,1H), 3.3-3.6(ABq,2H), 3.7(s,3H), 4.4-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.2(q,4H), 7.2-7.5(m,5H), 7.8(s,1H), and 8.0(s,1H). EX.No. 103 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-0.9(t,1H), 1.5-1.8(m,2H), 3.3.-3.6(ABq,2H), 3.8(s,1H), 3.9-4.2(m,2H), 4.5-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.0(q,4H), 7.2-7.5(m,6H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 104 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.3(s,3H), 3.4-3.6(ABq,2H), 3.5-3.6(m,2H), 3.8(s,3H), 3.8(s,3H), 4.2-4.4(m,2H), 4.5-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.0(q,4H), 7.3-7.5(m,6H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 105 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.3-1.4(t,3H), 3.0-3.2(ABq,2H), 3.5(s,3H), 3.9-4.2 (m,2H), 4.7-4.8(ABq,2H), 6.7-7.5(m,10H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 106 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-1.15(t,3H), 1.4-1.5(t,3H), 3.2-3.7(ABq,2H), 3.9-4.2((m,4H), 4.7-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.5(m,10H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 107 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.7-0.8(t,3H), 1.3-1.5(t,3H), 1.4-1.6(m,2H), 3.2-3.7(ABq, 2H), 3.8-4.2(m,4H), 4.7-4.9(ABq, 2H), 6.8-7.5((m,9H), 7.5(s,1H) and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 108 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.9-1.0(d,3H), 1.2-1.3(d,3H), 1.8-2.0(t,3H), 3.2-3.7(ABq, 2H), 4.0-4.2(m,4H), 4.7-5.0(m,3H), 6.8-7.5(m,9H), 7.5(s,1H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 109 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.3-1.4(t,3H), 3.3(s,3H), 3.2-3.7(ABq,2H), 3.3-3.5(m,2H), 3.9-4.2(m,2H), 4.7-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.7-7.5(m,9H), 7.5(br s, 1H) and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 110 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-0.9(t,3H), 1.1-1.4(m,4H), 1.3-1.5(t,3H), 3.1-3.5 (m,2H), 3.9-4.0(t,3H), 3.9-4.2(m,2H), 4.7-4.9(ABq, 2H), 6.8-7.5(m,10H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 111 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.7-0.8(two overlapping doublets,6H), 1.3-1.4(t,3H), 1.6-1.7(m,1H), 3.2-3.6(ABq,2H), 3.6-3.7(d,2H), 3.9-4.2 (m,2H), 4.7-4.9(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.5(m,10H), and 7.9(s,1H). EX.No. 112 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 1.0-1.1(t,3H), 1.4-1.5(br s,9H), 1.5-1.6(m,4H), 1.8-1.9 (m,3H), 4.0-4.2(m,2H), 4.7-5.0(ABq,2H), 6.8-7.3(m,5H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 113 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.7-0.8(t,3H), 1.0-1.1(t,3H), 1.4-1.6(m,2H), 1.7-1.9 (m,2H), 3.2-3.8(ABq, 2H), 3.8-4.0(m,4H), 4.8(br s,2H),6.8-7.5(m,10H), and 7.8(s,1H). EX.No. 114 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8(br s,3H), 1.2(br s,3H), 1.3-1.5(d,6H), 3.2-3.6(AB q, 2H), 4.6-5.0(m,4H), 6.8-7.5(m,(H), 7.5(br s,1H), and 7.7(br s,1H). EX.No. 115 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 0.8-1.8(m,14H), 3.2-3.7(ABq,2H), 3.9-4.1(m,4H), 4.7-4.8(br s,2H), 6.8-7.5(m,9H), 7.6(br s,1H), and 7.9 (br s,1H). EX.No. 116 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2-3.8(ABq,2H), 4.4-4.5(d,2H), 4.5-4.6(dd,2H), 4.7-4.9 (ABq,2H), 5.0-5.4(m,4H), 5.6-5.8(m,1H), 5.9-6.2(m,1H), 6.8-7.5(m,10H), and 7.9(S,1H). EX.No. 117 NMR: 200MHz (CDCl 3 ) 3.2(s,3H), 3.3-3.6(m,5H), 3.7-3.8(m,3H), 4.7-5.0(ABq, 2H), 6.8-7.5(m,9H), 7.5(br s,1H), and 7.8(br s,1H). The 1,2,4-triazoles, and the enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof are useful as agricultural fungicides and, as such, can be applied to various loci such as the seed, the soil or the foliage. When used as herbicides, the compounds may be applied either to the plant itself or to the locus where control of undesired vegetation is needed. For such purposes these compounds can be used in the technical or pure form as prepared, as solutions or as formulations. The compounds are usually taken up in a carrier or are formulated so as to render them suitable for subsequent dissemination. For example, these chemical agents can be formulated as wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granular formulations, aerosols, or flowable emulsion concentrates. In such formulations, the compounds are extended with a liquid or solid carrier and, when desired, suitable surfactants are incorporated. It is usually desirable, particularly in the case of foliar spray formulations, to include adjuvants, such as wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers, adhesive and the like in accordance with agricultural practices. Such adjuvants commonly used in the art can be found in the John W. McCutcheon, Inc. publication "Detergents and Emulsifiers, Annual." In general, the compounds of this invention can be dissolved in certain solvents such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, pyridine or dimethyl sulfoxide and such solutions can be diluted with water. The concentrations of the solution can vary from about 1% to about 90% with a preferred range being from about 5% to about 50%. For the preparation of emulsifiable concentrates, the compound can be dissolved in suitable organic solvents, or a mixture of solvents, together with an emulsifying agent to enhance dispersion of the compound in water. The concentration of the active ingredient in emulsifiable concentrates is usually from about 10% to about 90%, and in flowable emulsion concentrates, can be as high as about 75%. Wettable powders suitable for spraying, can be prepared by admixing the compound with a finely divided solid, such as clays, inorganic silicates and carbonates, and silicas and incorporating wetting agents, sticking agents, and/or dispersing agents in such mixtures. The concentration of active ingredients in such formulations is usually in the range of from about 20% to about 98%, preferably from about 40% to about 75%. A typical wettable powder is made by blending 50 parts of a 1,2,4-triazole, 45 parts of a synthetic precipitated hydrated silicon dioxide, such as that sold under the trademark Hi-Sil® , and 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate. In another preparation a kaolin type (Barden) clay is used in place of the Hi-Sil in the above wettable powder, and in another such preparation 25% of the Hi-Sil is replaced with a synthetic sodium silicoaluminate sold under the trademark Zeolex®7. Dusts are prepared by mixing the 1,2,4- triazoles, or the enantiomorphs, salts and complexes thereof with finely divided inert solids which can be organic or inorganic in nature. Materials useful for this purpose include botanical flours, silicas, silicates, carbonates and clays. One convenient method of preparing a dust is to dilute a wettable powder with a finely divided carrier. Dust concentrates containing from about 20% to about 80% of the active ingredient are commonly made and are subsequently diluted to from about 1% to about 10% use concentration. The 1,2,4-triazoles, and the enantiomorphs, salts and complexes thereof can be applied as fungicidal sprays by methods commonly employed, such as conventional high-gallonage hydraulic sprays, low-gallonage sprays, air-blast spray, aerial sprays and dusts. The dilution and rate of application will depend upon the type of equipment employed, the method of application, plants to be treated and diseases to be controlled. Generally, the compounds of this invention will be applied in amount of from about 0.05 pound to about 5.0 pounds per acre of the active ingredient. As a seed protectant, the amount of toxicant coated on the seed is usually at a dosage rate of from about 0.05 to about 20, preferably from about 0.05 to about 4, and more preferably from about 0.1 to about 1 ounce per hundred pounds of seed. As a soil fungicide the chemical can be incorporated in the soil or applied to the surface usually at a rate of from about 0.02 to about 20, preferably from about 0.05 to about 10, and more preferably from abour 0.1 to about 5 pounds per acre. As a foliar fungicide, the toxicant is usually applied to growing plants at a rate of from about 0.01 to about 10, preferably from about 0.02 to 5, and more preferably from about 0.25 to about 1 pound per acre. Fungicides which can be combined with the fungicides of this invention include: (a) dithiocarbamate and derivatives such as: ferbam, ziram, maneb, mancozeb, zineb, propineb, metham, thiram, the complex of zineb and polyethylene thiuram disulfide, dazomet, and mixtures of these with copper salts; (b) nitrophenol derivatives such as: dinocap, binapacryl, and 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl isopropyl carbonate; (c) heterocyclic structures such as: captan, folpet, glyodine, anilazine, ditalimfos, 4-butyl-1,2,4-triazole, 5-amino-1-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinyl]-3-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole, etradiazole, dithianon, thioquinox, benomyl, thiabendazole, 4-(2-chlorophenylhydrazono)-3-methyl-5-isoxazolone, vinclozolin, iprodione, procymidone, triadimenol, triadimefon, bitertanol, prochloraz, fenarimol, bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-pyridinemethanol, bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol, triarimol, flutriafol, flusilazole, propiconazole, ectaconazole, myclobutanil, alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-alpha-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile, hexaconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, diniconazole, fluoroimide, pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate and metal salts thereof, 2,3-dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin-4,4-dioxide, 2,3-dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin, cis-N-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)thiol]-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, cycloheximide, dehydroacetic acid, captafol, ethirimol, quinomethionate, D,L-methyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2'-methoxyacetyl)alanine methyl ester, D,L-methyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-chloroacetyl-D,L-2-aminobutyrolactone, D,L-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(phenylacetyl)alanine methyl ester, 5-methyl-5-vinyl-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidi-2,4-dione, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-1-isopropylcarbamoylhydantoin, 2-cyano-[N-(ethylaminocarbonyl)-2-methoximino]acetamide, fenpropimorph, fenpropidine, 2,6-dimethyl-N-tridecylmorpholine, dodemorph, and triforine; (d) miscellaneous halogenated fungicides such as: chloranil, dichlone, chloroneb, tricamba, TCPN, dichloran, 2-chloro-1-nitropropane, polychloronitrobenzenes such as pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), and tetrafluorodichloroacetone; (e) fungicidal antibiotics such as: griseofulvin, kasugamycin, polyoxin, validamycin, and streptomycin; (f) copper-based fungicides such as: copper hydroxide, cuprous oxide, basic cupric chloride, basic copper carbonate, copper terephthalate, copper naphthenate and Bordeaux mixture; and (g) miscellaneous fungicides such as: dodine, phenylmercuric acetate, N-ethylmercuri-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-3,6-endomethano-3,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorophthalimide, phenylmercuric monoethanol ammonium lactate, p-dimethylaminobenzene sodium sulfonate, methyl isothiocyanate, 1-thiocyano-2,4-dintrobenzene,1-phenylthiosemicarbazide, nickel-containing compounds, calcium cyanamide, lime sulfur, thiophanate-methyl, flutolanil, edinophos, isoprothiolane, propenazole, and tricyclazole. The 1,2,4-triazoles, and the enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof can be advantageously employed in various ways. Since these compounds possess broad spectrum fungicidal activity, they can be employed in the storage of cereal grain. These complexes can also be employed as fungicides in cereals including wheat, barley and rye, in rice, peanuts, beans and grapes, on turf, in fruit, nut and vegetable orchards, and for golf course applications. Examples of diseases against which the compounds of the invention are useful include helminthosporium of corn and barley, wheat and barley powdery mildew, wheat leaf and stem rusts, tomato early blight, tomato late blight, peanut early leaf spot, grape powdery mildew, grape black rot, apple scab, apple powdery mildew, cucumber powdery mildew, brown rot of fruits, botrytis, bean powdery mildew, cucumber anthracnose, wheat septoria nodorum, rice sheath blight and rice blast. The herbicidal compounds of this invention are applied to the plant or plant habitat in any amount which will be sufficient to effect the desired plant response without causing a significant undesirable phytotoxic response. Generally, the compounds will be applied to the plant or plant habitat at a rate (treating level) of about 0.1 to 10, preferably about 0.4 to 20, and most preferably about 2 to 5 pounds per acre. The herbicidal compounds can be used either individually or in mixtures. Under some conditions, the compounds may be used advantageously with other agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and plant bactericides. For example, they can be used in combination with other herbicides and plant growth regulators, such as auxins, gibberellins, ethylene-releasing agents such as ethephon, pyridones, cytokinins, maleic hydrazide, succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide, choline and its salts, (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride, triiodobenzoic acid, tributyl-2,4-dichlorobenzylphosphonium chloride, polymeric N-vinyl-2-oxazolidinones, tri(dimethylaminoethyl) phosphate and its salts, and N-di-methylamino-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalamic acid and its salts. Other herbicidal compounds with which the compounds may be used include 2-chloro-2',6'diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide, 2-chloro-2',6'diethyl-N-(butoxymethyl)acetanilide, S-[4-chlorophenyl)-methyl]-diethylcarbamothioate, 2-t-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl- 2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one, 2,4-dichloro-1-(3'-methoxy-4'-nitrophenoxy)benzene, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, 7-oxabicyclo[2,2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid; S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate, 3',4-dichloropropionanilide, and 2,4-dichlorophenyl p-nitrophenyl ether. The following Examples are provided to further illustrate the methods of preparation of the compounds of the present invention. EXAMPLE 16 (Procedure A) 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]hexanoic acid To a 500 milliliter (mL) flask was charged 60.0 grams (g) (0.208 mole) of alpha-n-butyl-alpha-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile followed by 200mL of 48% hydrobromic acid. The mixture was stirred at reflux for 96 hours after which gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) indicated disappearance of the starting material. The reaction was diluted with ethyl ether and extracted with water until pH neutral. The ether was extracted with sufficient 10% sodium hydroxide to pH 14 followed by separation with 35% hydrochloric acid at which time a white solid precipitate formed. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with water until the aqueous rinse was neutral. The product was dried under vacuum and gave 49.0g (76.5% yield) of a white solid, Example 1b of Table 1. EXAMPLE 1 (Procedure C) 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]butanoic acid To a 500mL flask was charged 95g (0.34 mole) of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]butyramide and 95g (0.97 mole) of 95% sulfuric acid and 95g of ice. The reaction was stirred at reflux for 55 hours, after which the reaction was cooled to 10°C and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The mixture was treated with 200g of 10% sodium hydroxide which resulted in a pH 10 aqueous phase. The organic phase was extracted with 200ml of water, then 200ml of 10% sodium hydroxide and again with 200mL of water. The aqueous phases were combined and washed with ethyl ether then acidified to pH 5 at which point a solid formed. The solid was filtered, washed with water, dried and gave 73g (77% yield) of a white solid, Example 1 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 5 (Procedure C). 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]butanoic acid To a 1 liter flask was charged 170g (0.54 mole) of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]butyramide and 170g (1.73 mole) of 95% sulfuric acid and 170g of ice. The reaction was stirred at 113°C (reflux) for 14 days after which the reaction was cooled to 10°C and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The mixture was treated with 915mL of 14% sodium hydroxide which resulted in a pH 10 aqueous phase. The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes and the aqueous layer was removed and extracted with additional ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate was combined, washed with water, dried and concentrated to provide a solid; trituration with hexane yielded 95g (55.8%) of starting amide. The aqueous phase was acidified to pH 2 and 1000mL of ethyl acetate was added and warmed to 50°C. An insoluble solid formed which was filtered, providing 28.5g of acid. The phases were separated and the organic phase was washed with brine, dried and concentrated giving additional solid which was triturated with hexane and filtered providing 36.2g of acid. The total product yield was 38%, melting point, Example 5 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 18 (Procedure D) Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]hexanoate To a 250mL 3 neck flask stirring under N 2 was charged 1.0g of 60% sodium hydroxide (prewashed with hexanes) in 50mL of dimethyl formamide (DMF). To the slurry was charged 6.14g (0.020 mole) of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]hexanoic acid in 50mL of dimethyl formamide. The mixture was stirred at room temperature and 3.74g (0.024 mole) of ethyl iodide was added. The reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in a one to 19 mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate. Upon completion the reaction was quenched with water extracted with ether, and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate. After drying and removal of the solvent, 5.9g (88% yield) of a thick oil remained, Example 18 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 124 (Procedure D) Benzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]butyrate To a 300mL flask stirring under nitrogen was charged 4.19g (0.015 mole) of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-butanoic acid in 75mL of methyl ethyl ketone. To the slurry was added 2.83g (0.0157 mole) of potassium carbonate and the mixture was heated to reflux. After 30 minutes, 2.56g (0.01575 mole) of benzyl bromide was added and the mixture was stirred at reflux for 2 hours then at 50°C for 12 hours. After monitoring by GLC showed the consumption of starting material, the reaction was quenched by adding 20mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate and 100 mL of ether. The phases were separated and. the ether phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (2 x 50mL) then with 50mL of brine, dried andconcentrated, giving 4.26g (77% yield) of a thick oil, Example 177 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 94 (Procedure A') 3-benzyl-3-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyll-2(3H)-benzofuranone A mixture of 2-benzyl-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile (16g, 0.0490 mole) and hydrobromic acid (48%) (50g, 0.296 mole) was stirred in a 300ml round bottom flask at reflux for 96 hours. The resulting reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured slowly into a soution of sodium carbonate (30g, 0.283 mole) in 200mL of water. The white precipitated solid was filtered by suction and washed by 100mL water, 100mL hexane and 100mL ethyl ether respectively. After drying, the collected product weighed 14g, melting point 150°C, Example 94 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 95 (Procedure B') 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]propanoic acid To a clear solution of 3-benzyl-3-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-benzofuranone (11g, 0.0360 mole) and methanol (100mL), potassium hydroxide (45% solution) (0.5g, 0.0750 mole) was added and the reaction mixture heated with stirring at reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 25°C and iodomethane (6.1g, 0.0750 mole) added and the reaction mixture continued to stir at 50°C for an additional 3 hours. The reaction solvent was then removed by distillation, and the residue stirred with hydrochloric acid (5g, 0.37 mole) and 100mL of water. The precipitated solid was filtered by suction and washed by 100mL of hot ethyl acetate. The remaining solid was dried and gave 7.0g, melting point 250-252°C (yield 57%), Example 95 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 100 (Procedure C') Propyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-propionate A mixture of 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl] propanoic acid (6.0g, 0.0178 mole) and potassium carbonate (3.6g, 0.0213 mole) in methyl ethyl ketone (50mL) was stirred and heated to reflux for 1 hour. Iodopropane (3.6g, 0.0213 mole) was added and the mixture continued heating at reflux for an additional 4 hours and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The solvent was removed by distillation and 100mL of water and 100mL of ethyl acetate added. The organic phase was then separated, dried and concentrated on a rotary evaporator to afford 5.5g of solid product (melting point 129-130°C; yield 82%), Example 100 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 106 (Procedure D') Ethyl 2-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]propionate To a clear solution of 3-benzyl-3-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-benzofuranone (3g, 0.0098 mole) and methanol (20mL), sodium hydroxide 50% (2.3g, 0.0294 mole) was added and the reaction mixture heated with stirring at reflux for 3 hours. The solvent was then removed by distillation to complete dryness, and 100mL of dimethyl formamide added, followed by 4.0g of iodoethane (0.0245 mole). The reaction mixture continued heating at 50°C for an additional 4 hours; 200mL of cold water was added and extracted with 2 x 100mL ethyl ether. The combined organic phase was then washed by brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, concentrated on a rotary evaporator to afford 3.2g of oily concentrate product (yield 86%), Example 106 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 69 (Procedures E'-1 and E'-2) t-Butyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]hexanoate To a clear solution of 3-butyl-3-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-benzofuranone (5.0g, 0.0184 mole) and dimethyl formamide (20mL) in a 300mL round bottom flask, potassium t-butoxide (6.2g, 0.0553 mole) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes before adding methyl iodide (3.2g, 0.0221m). The reaction mixture was stirred with heating at 40°C for 1 hour and 1.0g of water was added. The stirring was continued for an additional 2 hours at 40°C, before adding 100mL of water and 100mL of ethyl ether for work up. The organic phase was isolated and dried over magnesium sulfate, evaporated by rotary evaporator to afford 4.0g of oily concentrate (yield 61%), Example 69 of Table 1. EXAMPLE 59 (Procedure F'-2). 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)hexanoic add A reaction mixture of methyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2- [(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]propionate (23g, 0.0724 mole), 50% sodium hydroxide, (23g, 0.2898 mole), water (25mL) and dimethyl sulfoxide (50mL) was stirred with heating to reflux for 5 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation and the residue stirred with 200mL cold water and slowly acidified by hydrochloric acid (conc) to pH = 7.0. The precipitated solid was filtered by suction and washed by ethyl ether thoroughly. After drying, the collected solid product weighed 12g (melting point 198°C; yield 57%), Example 59 of Table 1. Numerous compounds of this invention were tested for fungicidal activity in vivo against wheat powdery mildew (WPM), wheat stem rust (WSR), rice blast (RB), rice sheath blight (RSB), and wheat leaf rust (WLR). In tests on cereals (except rice plants used for testing rice blast), the plants were trimmed about 24 hours prior to the application of the fungicide compound to provide a uniform plant height and to facilitate uniform application of the compound and inoculation with the fungus. The compounds were dissolved in a 2:1:1 mixture of water, acetone and methanol, sprayed onto the plants, allowed to dry (four to six hours) and then the plants were inoculated with the fungus. Each test utilized control plants which were sprayed with the water, acetone and methanol mixture and inoculated with the fungus. The remainder of the technique of each of the tests is given below and the results are reported in Table 4 as percent disease control (percentages of plants treated with the compounds of the present invention lacking disease signs or symptoms compared to the untreated control plants). Wheat Powdery Mildew (WPM) Erysiphe graminis (f. sp. tritici) was cultured on Pennol wheat seedlings in a controlled temperature room at 65° to 70°F (18-21°C). Mildew spores were shaken from the culture plants onto Pennol wheat seedlings which had been previously sprayed with the fungicide compound. The inoculated seedlings were kept in a controlled temperature room at 65° to 75°F (18-24°C)and subirrigated. The percent disease control was rated 8 to 10 days after the inoculation. Wheat Stem Rust (WSR) Puccinia graminis (f. sp. tritici Race 15B-2) was cultured on Wanzer wheat seedlings for a period of 14 days in a greenhouse. A water suspension of the spores from infested plants was obtained and the spore concentration was adjusted to about 2 x 105 spores per ml of deionized water. Wanzer wheat plants which had been previously treated with the fungicide compounds were inoculated by applying the stem rust spore suspension, until runoff, with a DeVilbiss atomizer at 5 lbs. per square inch air pressure. After inoculation, the plants were placed in a humid environment at approximately 75°F (24°C) where they were exposed to 12 hours of continuous darkness followed by a minimum of 3 to 4 hours of light having an intensity of about 500 footcandles. The temperature in the chamber did not exceed 85°F (29°C). At the end of the light period, the plants were placed in a greenhouse where they were permitted to grow for a period of two weeks at which time the percent disease control was determined. Rice Blast (RB) Nato rice plants were inoculated with Piricularia oryzae (about 20,000 conidia per ml) by spraying the leaves and stems with an airbrush until a uniform film of inoculum was observed on the leaves. The inoculated plants were incubated in a humid environment (75° to 85°F, 24-29°C) for about 24 hours, then placed in a greenhouse environment (70° to 75°F, 21-24°C). Seven to eight days after inoculation, the percent disease control was determined. Rice Sheath Blight (RSB) Pellicularia filamentosa f. sp. sasiki was cultured on an autoclaved mixture of crushed rice seeds and potato dextrose broth (100 gms of rice seeds per 30 ml of potato dextrose broth) in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. After 10 days, the culture was blended in a blender to produce a uniform inoculum. Approximately one teaspoon of inoculum was spread among Lebonnet rice seedlings on the soil surface of each pot (3 inch diameter). The inoculated seedlings were incubated for five days in a humidity cabinet (85° to 90°F, 29-32°C). Percent disease controls were determined immediately after removing the seedlings from the cabinet. Wheat Leaf Rust (WLR) Puccinia recondita (f. sp. tritici Races PKB and PLD) was cultured on 7 day old wheat (cultivar Fielder) over a 14 day period in the greenhouse. Spores were collected from the leaves with a cyclone vacuum or by settling on aluminum foil. The spores were cleaned by sieving through a 250 micron opening screen and stored or used fresh. Storage employed sealed bags in an Ultralow freezer. When stored, spores must be heat shocked for 2 minutes at 40°F (5°C) before use. A spore suspension is prepared from dry uredia by adding 20mg (9.5 million spores) per mL of Soltrol oil. The suspension is dispensed into gelatin capsules (0.7mL capacity) which attach to the oil atomizers. One capsule is used per flat of twenty of the 2 inch square pots of 7 day old Fielder wheat. After waiting for at least 15 minutes for the oil to evaporate from the wheat leaves, the plants are placed in a dark mist chamber (18-20°C and 100% relative humidity) for 24 hours. The plants are then put in the greenhouse for the latent period and scored after 10 days for disease levels. For protective and curative tests, the plants are inoculated one day or two days, respectively, before spraying the plants with the fungicide compounds. Fungicidal Efficacy of Compounds of the Invention Ex. No. Rate RB RSB WLR WPM WSR 1 a 50 0 0 99 50 2 b 0 100 100 100 90 3 b 90 80 100 99 100 4 b 90 100 100 99 100 6 b 0 --- 25 85 --- 7 b 0 --- 0 0 --- 8 b 0 --- 25 100 --- 9 b 50 --- 50 95 --- 10 b 75 --- 25 75 --- 11 b 0 --- 25 95 --- 12 c 0 0 --- 45 0 13 c 65 0 --- 100 92 14 a 0 0 0 85 --- 15 a 0 0 0 90 --- 16 c 40 0 0 85 80 17 b 80 0 85 100 100 18 b 0 0 --- 100 100 19 b 50 100 100 100 --- 20 b 0 0 --- 100 100 21 b 75 0 --- 90 100 23 b 0 0 --- 100 90 24 b 0 0 --- 100 90 25 b 0 0 --- 100 60 26 b 0 0 --- 100 90 27 b 0 0 --- 90 100 28 b 0 0 --- 100 80 29 b 0 0 --- 90 90 30 b 0 0 --- 95 75 31 b 50 50 99 100 --- 32 b 0 50 99 100 -- 33 b 0 0 99 100 -- 34 b 50 0 --- 95 99 35 b 0 50 --- 100 50 36 b 50 0 --- 100 100 37 b 0 0 --- 100 99 38 b 0 0 --- 100 --- 39 a 0 0 0 100 --- 40 a 50 0 95 100 --- 41 a 0 0 75 100 --- 42 a 0 0 85 100 --- 43 b 0 0 90 100 --- 44 a 0 0 85 100 --- 45 a --- 0 0 99 --- 46 a 0 0 50 85 --- 47 a --- 0 50 95 --- 48 a 0 0 0 95 --- 49 a 0 0 0 95 --- 50 a --- 0 75 100 --- 51 a 95 --- 85 99 --- 52 a --- 0 0 50 --- 53 a --- 0 85 100 --- 54 a --- 0 0 100 --- 55 a 0 0 0 95 --- 56 a --- 0 0 90 --- 57 a 0 0 95 95 --- 58 a 80 0 50 99 --- 60 b 0 -- 0 90 --- 61 b 25 --- 0 100 --- 62 b 0 --- 0 99 --- 63 b 0 -- 25 95 --- 64 a 0 0 0 95 --- 65 a 0 0 0 90 --- 66 a 0 0 0 90 --- 67 a 0 0 0 100 --- 68 a 100 0 0 90 --- 69 b 0 --- 80 100 --- 70 b 0 --- 0 95 --- 71 c 0 0 --- 98 100 72 b 50 --- 50 99 -- 73 b 0 --- 99 100 -- 74 b 95 --- 50 99 --- 75 b 50 --- 25 100 --- 76 b 50 --- 25 99 --- 77 b 50 --- 0 99 --- 78 b 90 --- 25 85 --- 79 b 0 --- 0 85 --- 80 a --- 0 0 50 --- 81 a --- 80 80 99 --- 82 a 80 0 0 95 --- 83 b 0 --- 50 99 --- 84 b 0 --- 0 75 -- 85 b 50 --- 0 85 --- 86 b 0 --- 0 99 --- 87 b 0 --- 0 95 --- 88 b 0 --- 25 100 --- 90 b 75 --- 50 100 --- 91 b 50 --- 50 99 -- 92 b 0 --- 0 0 --- 93 b 50 --- 0 95 --- 94 b 0 --- 50 75 --- 95 a 0 --- 0 50 --- 96 d --- --- 75 75 --- 97 b 0 --- 25 99 --- 98 b 0 --- 0 95 --- 99 b 0 --- 50 99 --- 100 a --- 0 0 99 --- 101 a --- 0 0 95 --- 102 a --- 0 0 50 --- 105 b 0 --- 0 75 --- 106 b 0 --- 0 95 --- 107 b 50 --- 0 85 --- 108 b 0 --- 50 99 --- 109 b 0 --- 0 85 --- 110 b 0 --- 0 85 --- 111 b 0 --- 50 99 --- 112 b 75 --- 80 95 --- 113 b 75 --- 0 99 --- 114 b 0 --- 0 95 --- 115 b 0 --- 0 75 --- 116 b 50 --- 0 75 --- 117 b 0 --- 0 85 --- 118 b 0 --- 99 99 --- 119 b 0 --- 90 95 --- 120 b 0 --- 25 95 --- 121 b 0 --- 90 95 --- 122 b 0 --- 80 90 --- 123 b 0 --- 90 90 --- 124 b 0 --- 99 99 --- The compounds of this invention were also tested for pre- and post-emergent herbicidal activity against the following species: CODE COMMON NAME MONOCOTS SCIENTIFIC NAME BYG Barnyardgrass Echinochloa crus-galli FOX Foxtail Setaria viridis JON Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense NUT Nutsedge Cyperus esculentus WO Wild Oat Avena fatua CODE COMMON NAME DICOTS SCIENTIFIC NAME CKL Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium MG Morning glory Ipomoea lacunosa PIG Pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus VEL Velvetleaf Abutilon theophrastic The following test procedure was employed. Seeds of selected plants were planted in flats or pots. For pre-emergence tests, immediately after planting, the test compound was sprayed directly onto the soil surface. The flats or pots were then placed in a greenhouse and watered by subirrigation and overhead. Subsequently, only overhead watering was used. For post-emergence tests, the seeds were allowed to germinate and grow in a green house for 14 to 21 days. Before application, each series of test plants were selected for uniformity, size and stage of development. The test plants were then treated with the test compound. The plants for post-emergence tests were returned to the greenhouse and then watered by subirrigation only. The compound to be evaluated was dissolved in an appropriate solvent, usually acetone, and sprayed over the flats or pots using a carrier volume equivalent to 25 or 50 gallons per acre at the rate of application in pounds per acre (lb/A) specified in Table 5 (usually 4 lb/A). The results are reported in Table 5 for each species. About two or three weeks after application of the test compound, the state of growth of the plants were observed. Each species was evaluated on a scale of 0-100 in which 0 equals no activity and 100 equals total control. Herbicidal Efficacy of Selected Compounds of the Invention Pre- and post-emergent percent control of various weeds at indicated test rates is shown. Ex# Rate P/P CKL MG PIG VEL BYG FOX JON NUT WO 2 4 Pre 0 21 100 86 71 86 96 0 11 2 4 Post 0 30 66 10 10 10 0 0 0 3 4 Pre 31 100 71 85 95 91 41 0 0 3 4 Post 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 4 4 Pre 0 11 100 21 81 86 86 21 4 4 Post 0 0 0 0 15 5 0 0 0 9 4 Pre 0 81 100 21 98 91 81 0 71 9 4 Post 18 25 100 20 17 51 11 51 41 10 4 Pre 0 31 100 11 95 98 81 100 51 10 4 Post 41 55 100 60 40 15 20 0 0 11 4 Pre 0 0 0 61 91 71 0 11 11 4 Post 41 51 100 20 51 51 51 11 0 13 4 Pre 21 21 11 21 11 21 90 0 11 13 4 Post 10 46 16 20 0 0 0 0 20 14 4 Pre 0 0 100 0 21 71 41 0 0 14 4 Post 5 25 0 45 10 0 20 0 0 15 4 Pre 0 0 100 0 61 22 31 11 0 15 4 Post 5 35 0 10 0 0 5 0 0 17 2 Pre 0 100 100 0 95 96 86 61 0 17 2 Post 0 36 26 31 0 0 0 0 0 18 2 Pre 0 0 100 0 90 10 66 0 95 18 2 Post 0 26 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 4 Pre 0 27 100 0 41 5 0 0 20 4 Post 0 45 26 41 0 0 0 0 0 21 4 Pre 0 0 71 0 0 15 0 0 0 21 4 Post 0 51 46 21 0 0 0 0 0 22 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 4 Post 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 4 Post 10 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 25 4 Post 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 4 Pre 31 0 20 70 10 0 0 0 26 4 Post 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 4 Post 10 0 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 4 Post 0 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 4 Post 0 0 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 4 Pre 0 10 0 30 90 40 0 0 31 4 Post 15 76 0 0 5 10 0 0 0 33 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 4 Post 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 4 Pre 0 0 13 65 0 0 0 0 34 4 Post 5 10 15 10 0 0 0 0 0 35 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 4 Post 15 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 4 Post 5 0 5 10 0 0 0 0 0 37 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 4 Post 15 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 4 Post 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 4 Pre 0 70 100 80 100 100 95 0 71 40 4 Post 16 75 25 70 10 10 0 0 0 41 4 Pre 0 75 100 95 100 100 98 61 41 4 Post 36 70 15 85 80 5 0 0 0 42 4 Pre 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 0 25 42 4 Post 66 66 56 76 65 61 0 0 0 43 4 Pre 0 10 100 0 90 91 31 0 0 43 4 Post 51 20 11 11 5 0 0 0 0 43 1 Pre 0 0 0 0 84 81 0 0 0 43 1 Post 0 10 0 0 10 5 0 0 0 44 4 Pre 11 21 0 21 98 80 21 0 11 44 4 Post 20 35 15 15 0 0 0 0 46 2 Pre 0 0 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 2 Post 16 40 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 4 Pre 0 0 0 26 70 95 41 0 0 47 4 Post 46 0 16 16 10 0 0 0 0 48 4 Pre 0 0 100 11 90 35 21 0 0 48 4 Post 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 4 Pre 0 0 100 0 90 45 11 0 0 49 4 Post 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 50 4 Pre 0 21 36 85 11 0 0 0 50 4 Post 20 25 40 45 0 0 0 0 51 4 Pre 0 0 100 21 98 80 71 21 31 51 4 Post 15 0 25 0 25 10 0 0 0 53 4 Pre 0 0 0 95 90 0 0 11 53 4 Post 15 10 15 0 0 0 0 0 56 4 Pre 0 85 0 0 75 15 0 0 0 56 4 Post 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 4 Pre 0 0 100 26 81 99 41 0 0 57 4 Post 36 56 26 16 61 0 0 0 0 58 4 Pre 0 0 100 100 90 90 0 0 0 58 4 Post 15 15 10 15 0 0 0 0 0 59 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59 4 Post 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 61 4 Pre 41 51 21 31 100 100 81 71 61 4 Post 80 85 90 76 71 25 35 61 0 62 4 Pre 0 76 100 61 91 100 81 100 61 62 4 Post 86 86 56 75 25 11 41 0 63 4 Pre 0 36 41 16 98 100 61 0 41 63 4 Post 31 76 46 66 35 26 0 0 0 65 4 Pre 0 56 21 11 100 91 91 91 61 65 4 Post 0 5 0 21 55 21 11 0 0 66 4 Pre 0 56 21 11 99 91 81 100 41 66 4 Post 21 15 0 21 45 21 21 0 0 67 4 Pre 0 56 21 11 99 81 81 0 51 67 4 Post 0 10 0 31 40 21 21 0 0 69 4 Pre 0 61 41 31 81 100 81 71 71 69 4 Post 80 65 100 60 37 31 25 0 21 70 4 Pre 0 0 100 0 71 51 21 0 0 70 4 Post 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 4 Pre 0 61 21 21 100 100 91 71 72 4 Post 60 85 26 71 71 51 71 0 0 74 4 Pre 0 10 100 10 98 99 40 21 0 74 4 Post 51 90 100 80 0 71 11 0 75 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 95 100 71 21 61 75 4 Post 61 35 100 25 27 0 0 0 0 76 4 Pre 0 76 100 25 95 100 71 31 76 4 Post 61 70 76 65 0 0 0 0 77 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 95 95 0 0 0 77 4 Post 40 90 95 85 31 10 31 0 78 4 Pre 0 0 25 0 95 91 0 51 0 78 4 Post 31 95 35 30 0 10 0 0 79 4 Pre 0 75 0 50 100 91 91 81 71 79 4 Post 51 90 90 90 31 95 31 25 81 4 Pre 0 81 0 0 71 31 0 0 81 4 Post 15 71 31 71 0 0 0 0 0 82 4 Pre 0 0 0 41 0 21 0 0 82 4 Post 20 51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 4 Pre 21 21 100 31 98 100 71 61 61 86 4 Post 0 56 0 15 5 0 0 0 87 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 4 Post 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 4 Pre 0 66 100 0 81 100 71 61 21 88 4 Post 0 26 11 0 0 0 0 0 90 4 Pre 0 0 90 0 71 100 41 0 31 90 4 Post 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 91 2 Pre 0 0 75 0 81 95 21 0 11 91 2 Post 10 65 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 93 4 Pre 0 66 100 31 100 100 81 71 93 4 Post 46 61 31 71 51 41 71 0 0 94 4 Pre 0 0 100 0 45 90 61 0 0 94 4 Post 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 95 4 Post 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 4 Pre 21 75 100 42 100 100 91 71 97 4 Post 25 51 36 61 51 51 71 21 0 98 4 Pre 31 41 100 31 100 100 91 21 71 98 4 Post 75 51 0 61 51 51 11 21 0 99 4 Pre 0 76 71 16 100 90 80 0 0 99 4 Post 25 75 16 16 0 5 0 0 0 100 4 Pre 0 46 0 16 100 95 80 0 41 100 4 Post 41 21 21 10 15 15 31 0 0 101 4 Pre 0 85 100 70 100 98 85 81 61 101 4 Post 51 31 11 15 10 31 31 0 0 106 4 Pre 0 0 0 98 100 81 0 71 106 4 Post 51 61 11 51 61 41 61 31 0 107 4 Pre 0 61 100 21 95 98 71 0 61 107 4 Post 61 35 100 30 17 21 11 0 0 108 4 Pre 0 71 61 11 98 81 71 0 61 108 4 Post 61 45 100 15 21 0 0 0 0 110 4 Pre 0 61 100 0 71 98 71 0 51 110 4 Post 51 25 100 20 27 0 0 0 0 111 4 Pre 0 31 100 0 98 95 71 0 51 111 4 Post 61 15 20 30 27 0 0 0 0 112 4 Pre 0 61 100 21 98 100 51 0 31 112 4 Post 51 45 100 45 67 0 21 0 0 114 4 Pre 0 61 100 0 98 100 51 0 61 114 4 Post 51 35 100 25 27 0 0 0 0 115 4 Pre 0 0 0 0 90 85 61 0 21 115 4 Post 51 35 100 25 17 0 0 0 0 116 4 Pre 21 26 11 98 90 81 0 21 116 4 Post 51 15 81 15 20 0 51 0 0 117 4 Pre 21 61 11 98 99 91 51 117 4 Post 51 71 91 51 45 21 71 25 0

Claims: Compound of the formula wherein X is (C 6 -C 10 )aryl optionally substituted with up to three substituents which are independently hydroxy, halo, nitro, trihalomethyl, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy,(C 1 -C 4 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 4 )alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenyl monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy, phenoxy or phenoxy monosubstituted with halo, alkyl or alkoxy; or a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having up to three different hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur which are members of the group consisting of furan, thiophene, triazole, imidazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, oxazole, piperazine and morpholine, all of which may be optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently (C 6 -C 10 )aryl or halo; or X is substituted with -O- at the 2-position to complete a lactone with W; Q is 1-(1,2,4-triazolyl) or 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl) optionally substituted with up to two substituents which are independently halo, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, nitro, cyano, mercapto or (C 1 -C 5 )alkylmercapto; Z is (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, halo(C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, halo(C 2 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl, (C 5 -C 8 )cycloalkenyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkylalkyl, (C 6 -C 10 )aryl, (C 7 -C 11 )aralkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl,provided X and Z are not heterocyclyl at the same time; W is -OK, -OR, -OR'OR", -OR'Y, -OR'COOR", -OR'OCOR", or an oxygen completing a lactone when joined with X; R is (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, X, (C 3 -C 8 )alkenyl, (C 3 -C 8 )alkynyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, cyano(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 2 -C 4 )alkyl or epoxy(C 1 -C 5 )alkyl, all of which are optionally halogenated, or is hydrogen; provided that when Z is methyl, W is not methoxy; R' is (-CH(CH 3 )-) p (-CH 2 -) n or (-CH 2 -) q CH=CH(-CH 2 -) m ; n is an integer from 0 to 6; p is 0 or 1, provided n and p are not both 0; q and m are each independently integers from 0 to 3; R" is (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, X, Y-(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or (C 1 -C 2 )trialkylsilyl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, all optionally halogenated, or hydrogen; and Y is phenyl, naphthyl, piperidinyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, phthalimido, morpholinyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl or (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl, all of which may be optionally substituted with the substituents defined for X; and the agronomically acceptable enantiomorphs, add addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof. Compound according to claim 1 wherein Z is (C 1 -C 8 ) alkyl, (C 5 -C 7 ) cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl. Compound according to claim 1 or 2 wherein X is phenyl substituted at the 4 position with chlorine, methoxy, or ethoxy; and Z is (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 5 -C 6 ) cycloalkyl. Compound according to any preceding claim wherein R is (C 1 -C 12 )alkyl, (C 3 -C 4 )alkenyl or (C 3 -C 4 )alkynyl and R" is hydrogen, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl. Compound according to any preceding claim wherein X is phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-(C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxyphenyl, 2-fluorophenyl; or phenyl substituted with -O- at the 2-position completing a lactone at W; Z is ethyl, n-butyl, cyclopentyl, benzyl, and W is -O- or OR wherein R is (C 1 -C 12 ) alkyl, or -OR'COOR" wherein R' is propenylenyl and R" is methyl. Compound according to claim 5 wherein X is 4-chlorophenyl and Z is n-butyl. Compound comprising a metal salt complex of the formula: wherein X, Z, Q and W are as defined in any preceding claim, M is a cation selected from the group consisting of magnesium, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, boron, cobalt, calcium, tin, cadmium, mercury, chromium and barium, and A is an anionic counterion selected to neutralize the charge of the cation M and is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, sulfate, bisulfate, perchlorate, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, acetate, citrate, oxalate, tartrate, malate, maleate, fumarate, p -toluenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, mono- or di(C 1 -C 4 )alkyldithiocarbamate or (C 1 -C 4 )alkylenebisdithiocarbamate. Composition comprising an agronomically acceptable carrier and a compound as defined in any preceding claim. A method of preventing or inhibiting the growth of phytopathogenic fungi or vegetation in a locus susceptible or subject to growth thereof, comprising applying to the locus a fungicidally or herbicidally effective amount of a compound or composition as defined in any preceding claim. Use of a compound or composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 as a fungicide against phytopathogenic fungi or as a herbicide.

Inventors: NGUYEN LUONG TU, SHABER STEVEN HOWARD, NGUYEN, LUONG TU, SHABER, STEVEN HOWARD
Applicants: ROHM & HAAS, ROHM AND HAAS COMPANY
Application year: 1993
Main classification: C07D249
IPC codes: C07D409, A01N43, A01N55, C07D401, C07D403, C07D405, C07D521, C07D249