Exhaust gas sampling device for outboard motor

Abstract: An exhaust pipe (13) extending from an engine (E) of an outboard motor (O) is covered with exhaust pipe covers (32) and (33) to define a cooling water passage around an outer periphery thereof. An exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) has a base end inserted into the exhaust pipe (13) through the exhaust pipe covers (32) and (33), and a tip end occluded by a detachable plug (36). The exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) and the plug (36) are accommodated within an engine cover (1) detachably mounted on an upper portion of an undercase (2), whereby it is protected against rusting due to the deposition of seawater and damaging due to collision against another object.

Description: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas sampling device for an outboard motor. In order to analyze noxious components contained in exhaust gas discharged from an engine of an outboard motor, it is a conventional practice to sample the exhaust gas from an exhaust gas sampling pipe mounted in an exhaust passage and analyze the exhaust gas by a component measuring instrument. There is such a conventionally known exhaust gas sampling device for an outboard motor, which is described in JP 4 16 64 95. An exhaust gas sampling pipe in the above prior art exhaust gas sampling device is threadedly inserted into an exhaust pipe and fixed thereto by means of a lock nut, and an opening in the exhaust gas sampling pipe which extends through an outer wall of the outboard motor and which is exposed to the outside, is occluded by a plug. In sampling the exhaust gas, the plug is removed, and the exhaust gas component measuring instrument is connected. In the above prior art exhaust gas sampling device for the outboard motor, however, a tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe is exposed to the outside from the outer wall of the outboard motor. Therefore, when seawater splashes on the exhaust gas sampling pipe, a rust or corrosion is generated, which causes problems of a reduction in durability of the exhaust gas sampling pipe, an interference with the operation of removal of the plug, a degradation of appearance, and further, causes a possibility that the exhaust gas sampling pipe is damaged by hitching on another object during transportation of the outboard motor or the like. Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to improve the durability of the exhaust gas sampling device for the outboard motor. The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Further developments of the invention are described by the dependent claims. With the above construction, by the disposition of the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe in the space defined by the case means and the cover means, it is possible to cover the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe with the case means or the cover means. This avoids the disadvantage that seawater is splashed on the exhaust gas sampling pipe to rust it, or the exhaust gas sampling pipe is hitched on another object during transportation of the outboard motor or the like. In addition, it is possible to prevent the generation of a rust or corrosion due to deposition of the seawater on an exhaust passage in which the exhaust gas sampling pipe is mounted, thereby avoiding the degradation of the appearance. By the formation of the exhaust gas sampling pipe from the stud pipe embedded into the outer wall member, it is possible not only to easily fix the exhaust gas sampling pipe, but also to reliably prevent the leakage of the exhaust gas through between the outer wall member and the exhaust gas sampling pipe. In addition, by the formation of the sealing surface for the plug for occluding the exhaust gas sampling pipe on the outer wall member, it is possible to prevent the leakage of the exhaust gas and the rusting or corrosion of the exhaust gas sampling pipe due to the deposition of seawater thereon. By locating the plug for occluding the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe in the internal space in the cover means and/or the case means, it is possible to avoid a disadvantage that a rust or corrosion is generated to interfere with the detaching of the plug, when the seawater has splashed on the plug, and to avoid a disadvantage that the exhaust gas sampling pipe is hitched on another object during transportation of the outboard motor or the like. In addition, since the exhaust gas sampling pipe formed substantially straight is mounted from the above to a seat surface formed in an upwardly-directed manner on an outer surface of the thick wall of the exhaust gas passage, it is possible to insure a sufficient clearance between the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe and the cover means and/or the case means to facilitate the exhaust gas sampling operation. Further, it is possible to prevent the generation of a rust or corrosion due to the deposition of the seawater to the exhaust gas passage to which the exhaust gas sampling pipe is mounted, thereby avoiding a degradation of appearance. The features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figs.1 to 6 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig.1 is a side view of the entire outboard motor; Fig.2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential portion of the outboard motor shown in Fig.1; Fig.3 is a view taken along a line 3-3 in Fig.2; Fig.4 is a view taken along a line 4-4 in Fig.2; Fig.5 is a sectional view taken along a line 5-5 in Fig.4; Fig.6 is a view taken along a line 6-6 in Fig.2; Fig.7 to 11 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention, wherein Fig.7 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential portion of an outboard motor according to the second embodiment; Fig.8 is a view taken along a line 8-8 in Fig.7; Fig.9 is a view taken along a line 9-9 in Fig.7; Fig.10 is a sectional view taken along a line 10-10 in Fig.8; Fig.11 is an exploded perspective view of an undercover; Figs.12 and 13 illustrate a modification to the undercover, Fig.12 being a view similar to Fig.11, and Fig.13 being a sectional view of an undercover illustrating a section in the vicinity of an exhaust gas sampling pipe; Figs.14 and 15 illustrate another modification to the undercover, Fig.14 being a view similar to Fig.11, and Fig.15 being a sectional view of an undercover illustrating a section in the vicinity of the exhaust gas sampling pipe; Figs.16 and 17 illustrate a modification to the exhaust gas sampling pipe, Fig.16 being a view similar to Fig.10, and Fig.17 being a view similar to Fig.13; and Fig.18 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential portion of an outboard motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figs.19 to 25 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig.19 is a side view of the entire outboard motor; Fig.20 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential portion of the outboard motor shown in Fig.19; Fig.21 is a view taken along a line 21-21 in Fig.20; Fig.22 is an enlarged sectional view taken along a line 22-22 in Fig.20; Fig.23 is an enlarged view of the essential portion shown in Fig.20; Fig.24 is an enlarged view taken along a line 24-24 in Fig.20; and Fig.25 is an enlarged view of the essential portion shown in Fig.20; Figs.26 to 31 illustrate a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig.26 is a side view of the entire outboard motor; Fig.27 is an enlarged view of an essential portion shown in Fig.26; Fig.28 is a sectional view taken along a line 28-28 in Fig.27; Fig.29 is an enlarged sectional view taken along a line 29-29 in Fig.27; Fig.30 is an enlarged sectional view taken along a line 30-30 in Fig.28; and Fig.31 is an enlarged sectional view taken along a line 31-31 in Fig.28. A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described in connection with Figs.1 to 6. Referring to Fig.1, a 2-cylinder vertical engine E is mounted in an outboard motor O and covered with an upper cover and a lower case which define an engine room R and which are separable from each other. Specifically, the upper cover is an engine cover 1 for covering an upper half of the engine E, while the case is an oil case 2 integrally provided with a case portion 2 1 and an oil pan portion 2 2 for covering a lower half of the engine E. A driving shaft 4 is connected in series to a lower end of a crankshaft 3 of the engine E to extend downwards within an extension case 5 coupled to a lower portion of the oil case 2. A lower end of the driving shaft 4 is connected to a propeller shaft 9 having a propeller 8 at its rear end through a bevel gear mechanism 7 mounted within a gear case 6. A cooling water is pumped through a filter 11 mounted at a rear portion of the gear case 6 by a cooling-water pump 10 mounted on a lower portion of the driving shaft 4, and is supplied upwards through a cooling-water pipe 12 to cool the engine E. A downward extending discharge pipe 13 is fixed to the engine E by means of a bolt 46. In coupling the engine E with the discharge pipe 13 mounted thereto to the oil case 2, a lower end of the discharge pipe 13 is fixed to a lower wall of the oil case 2 by means of a bolt 18. An opening in the lower end of the discharge pipe 13 is opened into the extension case 5. An exhaust gas within the extension case 5 is discharged into the water through an exhaust gas outlet 6 1 which is opened into the rear portion of the gear case 6. A stern bracket 15 for steerably supporting the outboard motor O through a swivel case 14 is fixed by means of a set screw 17 manipulated by a lever 16, with a groove 15 1 with a lower end opened being in engagement with a stern S. As can be seen from Figs.2 to 4, the engine E and the oil case 2 are coupled to each other by means of a plurality of bolts 19 ---, and the extension case 5 and the oil case 2 are coupled to each other by means of a plurality of bolts 20 ---. In addition, the oil case 2 and the engine cover 1 are locked at a front side of the outboard motor O by a hook 71 and a striker 72, and at a rear side of the outboard motor O by a hook lever 74 pivotable about an axis 73, a hook 75 pivotable in unison with the hook lever 74 and a striker member 76. The engine E of the outboard motor O is longitudinally divided into two parts on a plane including an axis of the crankshaft 3, and includes a cylinder block 21 having a front crankcase 21 1 defining a portion of a crank chamber and a rear cylinder block portion 21 2 including a skirt closing the remaining portion of the crank chamber, and a cylinder head 22 coupled to a deck surface of the rear cylinder block portion 21 2 . A pair of pistons 23, 23 are slidably received in the cylinder block 21 and connected to the crankshaft 3 through connecting rods 24, 24, respectively. The cylinder head 22 is provided with a pair of intake bores 25, 25 and a pair of exhaust bores 26, 26. The intake bores 25, 25 communicate with an air inlet 1 1 opened into an upper portion of the engine cover 1, through two intake ports 27, 27 defined in the cylinder head 22, a bifurcated intake manifold 28, a carburettor 29 having a throttle valve mounted therein, and an air intake 30 opened into the engine cover 1. The exhaust bores 26, 26 communicate with an upper end of the exhaust pipe 13 through a bifurcated exhaust port 3 1 defined in the cylinder head 22. As can be seen from Figs.2 to 4 together with Fig.5, an outer periphery of the exhaust pipe 13 is covered with two-divided exhaust pipe covers 32 and 33, and the cooling water introduced between inner peripheries of the exhaust pipe covers and the outer periphery of the exhaust pipe 13 is permitted to flow through a notch 13 1 into the exhaust pipe 13 and then flow out of the latter into the extension case 5 together with an exhaust gas. The exhaust pipe covers 32, 33 are integrally welded along their flanges 32 1 and 33 1 , and an exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 with its tip end inserted into the exhaust pipe 13 is welded around its outer periphery between the flanges 32 1 and 33 1 . The exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 extending rearwardly from the exhaust pipe 13 is bent leftwardly at approximately 90 ° , and extends with its tip end reaching near a junction between the oil case 2 and the engine cover 1. In order to prevent the cooling water from flowing into the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 to exert an adverse affection to an exhaust gas component measuring instrument, a mounting portion of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is provided above the notch 13 1 through which the cooling water is introduced into the exhaust pipe 13. A threaded member 35 having a flange 35 1 is welded to the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34, and a plug 36 is threadedly fitted over the threaded member 35. Thus, when a tip end of a driver is engaged into a minus groove 36 1 made in a base end of the plug 36 and then rotated, a sealing member 37 (e.g., washer) is clamped between the tip end of the plug 36 and the flange 35 1 of the threaded member 35, thereby occluding the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34. In order to inject an oil into the cylinder block 21, an oil filler 38 is mounted in an opening in a cylinder block wall which communicates with an interior of the crank chamber. The crank chamber is connected with an oil separator 39 mounted in front of the engine E through a small hole 38 1 provided in the oil filler 38 and through a first blow-by gas passage 40. The separator 39 separates the oil and mist contained in a blow-by gas, in order to return the separated mist into an intake system, the oil separator 39 and the air intake 30 are connected to each other through a second blow-by gas passage 41. An interior of the oil separator 39 is partitioned by a partition wall 39 1 into a front chamber 39 2 connected to the first blow-by gas passage 40, and a rear chamber 39 3 connected to the second blow-by gas passage 41. A bottom of the front chamber 39 2 is connected with the oil filler 38 through an oil return passage 42 for returning the oil from the oil separator 39 into the cylinder block 21. A one-way valve 43 is mounted to the partition wall 39 1 for restraining the back flow of the mist out of the rear chamber 39 3 into the front chamber 39 2 . As can be seen from Figs.2, 3 and 6, the air intake 30 is fixed with its rear end face mated to a front end face of the carburettor 29 by means of two longitudinally extending bolts 44, 44. An air inlet 30 1 made in a front end of the air intake 30 is defined so as to be slightly curved downwards, such that water splash entering into the engine cover is prevented from being drawn into the intake system. The air intake 30 has a coupling portion 30 2 integrally formed on its upper surface to extend toward the engine E perpendicularly to an axis of the air intake 30. The second blow-by gas passage 41 is connected to the coupling portion 30 2 . The coupling portion 30 2 is disposed at a location offset upwards from axes of the two bolts 44, 44 fixing the air intake 30. Therefore, the attaching and detaching operations for the bolts 44, 44 and the second blow-by gas passage 41 can be performed without any problems. Moreover, since the coupling portion 30 2 extends toward the engine E, i.e., away from the engine cover 1, there is no probability that the second blow-by gas passage 41 may be damaged, when the engine cover 1 is attached or detached. It is noted here that reference character 45 in Fig.2 designates an endless belt for transmitting the rotation of the crankshaft 3 to a valve-operating mechanism. The operation of the first embodiment of the present invention having the above-described construction will be described below. An open air drawn through the air inlet 1 1 into the engine cover 1 is drawn through the air intake 30 into the carburetor 29, where it is mixed with a fuel. Then, the air-fuel mixture is supplied through the intake ports 27, 27 defined in the cylinder head 22 into a combustion chamber. An exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber is introduced through the exhaust port 3 1 defined in the cylinder head 22 into the exhaust pipe 13, and is passed out of the latter through the inside of the extension case 5 and then discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 6 1 into the water. During this time, the cooling water pumped by the cooling-water pump 10 mounted on the driving shaft 4 is passed through the inside of a water jacket (which is not shown) in the engine E, and a portion of such cooling water is supplied into between the exhaust pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe covers 32 and 33 to cool the exhaust pipe 13. The cooling water which has cooled the exhaust pipe 13 flows through the notch 13 1 into the exhaust pipe 13 and is then discharged into the extension case 5 together with the exhaust gas. A blow-by gas leaked out of the combustion chamber of the engine E into the cylinder block 21 is supplied through the first blow-by gas passage 40 into the oil separator 39. The mist resulting from the separation of the oil in the oil separator 39 is returned through the second blow-by gas passage 41 into the air intake 30 and is then supplied into the carburettor 29 together with the air flowing in the air intake 30. The oil separated in the separator 39 is returned through the oil return passage 42 and the oil filler 38 into the cylinder block 21. Now, to examine the components in the exhaust gas from the engine E, a nut 20 having a lever may be first loosened to remove the engine cover 1 from the oil case 2, following which the plug 36 threadedly fitted over the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 may be removed, and instead, the exhaust gas component measuring instrument may be connected thereto. When the measurement is to be carried out, the engine cover 1 is attached again to the oil case 2, but a piping such as a tube connected to the component measuring instrument is led from the air inlet 1 1 in the engine cover 1 or an opening in the oil case 2 occluded by a grommet or the like, to the outside of the outboard motor O. Since the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is supported on the exhaust pipe 13 integral with the engine E and moreover, the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is opened into the engine cover 1 and the oil case 2 without penetrating them, it is possible to easily perform the assembling of the engine E including the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34. Further, the plug 36 for occluding the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is covered with the engine cover 1 and the oil case 2, such that it is shielded from seawater. Therefore, it is possible not only to avoid a disadvantage that salt is deposited to the minus groove 36 1 in the plug 36, thereby making it difficult for a tip end of a driver to engage the minus groove, and causing a rust or corrosion to be generated on the plug 36, so that the minus groove 36 1 is destroyed when the driver is rotated, but also to make the plug 36 inconspicuous to provide an improved appearance. Figs.7 to 11 illustrate a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig.7, an outboard motor O includes a mounting member 51 for supporting a primary gear case or an engine E to the extension case 5. The mounting member 51 is placed on an upper portion of the extension case 5 and coupled thereto by means of a plurality of bolts 49 ---, and a 3-cylinder vertical engine E is coupled to an upper portion of the mounting member 51 by means of plurality of bolts 50 ---. A primary reduction mechanism 52 comprising a pair of helical gears is interposed between a lower end of the crankshaft 3 of the engine E and an upper end of the driving shaft 4. As can be seen from the combination of Figs 8, 9 and 11, an undercase 2' opened at its upper end is secured to the mounting member 51 by means of plurality of bolts 53 ---, and an engine cover 1 is detachably supported on an upper portion of the undercase 2' with a sealing member interposed therebetween. The undercase 2' and the engine cover 1 are releasably coupled to each other by a pair of front and rear buckle-type grips 66, 66. An undercover 55 detachably mounted on a lower portion of the undercase 2' is divided into two parts and comprises a left cover half 55 1 and a right cover half 55 2 which are integrally coupled to each other by means of a plurality of bolts 56 ---. The cover halves 55 1 and 55 2 are releasably supported on a lower surface of the undercase 2' by means of a plurality of bolts 57 ---. A U-shaped notch 55 3 opened at its upper end is defined in a front surface of the undercover 55. A pair of left and right upper mounts 58, 58 are provided on a front surface of the mounting member 51 for supporting the swivel case 14 and extend forwardly through the notch 55 3 in the undercover 55. A lower end of the undercover 55 is fitted to a step formed at the vertically middle portion of the extension case 5 with a sealing member 59 interposed therebetween. The exhaust port 3 1 defined in the rear crankcase 21 2 communicates with an exhaust passage 60 defined in the mounting member 51, and further, the exhaust passage 60 communicates with an exhaust pipe 61 which is opened into an exhaust chamber 80 defined in the extension case 5. A water jacket 62 is defined around the exhaust passage 60 in the mounting member 51 and communicates with a water jacket (not shown) defined in the rear crankcase 21 2 . An oil passage 63 is defined in the mounting member 51 in parallel to the exhaust passage 60, and the engine E and an oil pan 64 communicates with each other through the oil passage 63. As best shown in Fig.10, the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is comprised of a stud pipe with a threaded member 35 integrally welded around an outer periphery thereof. The exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is threadedly fitted into a left side of the mounting member 51 through the threaded member 35, and has a base end opened into an exhaust gas outlet passage (the exhaust passage 60 in the illustrated embodiment) including the exhaust port 3 1 and the exhaust passage 60. A tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 extends to near a central portion of a space between the mounting member 51 and the undercover 55. The threaded member 35 has an abutment 34 1 formed at an outer end thereof, against which a jig for threadedly fitting the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 into the mounting member 51 abuts. The exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is constructed by the stud pipe as described above. Therefore, the need for a lock nut for fixing the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is eliminated, leading to a decreased number of parts, and an improved sealability is provided between the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 and the mounting member 51, thereby reliably preventing the leakage of the exhaust gas and moreover, it is possible to easily position the opening of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 within the exhaust gas outlet passage. In addition, the formation of the abutment 34 1 for the jig on the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 ensures that as compared with the formation of a hexagonal jig receiving portion (e.g., a nut portion) on the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34, the outside diameter of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 can be reduced to diminish a wasteful portion to be cut by machining, and moreover, it is possible to easily mount the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 to a narrow portion. The tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is occluded by the same plug 36 and sealing member 37 (e.g., washer) as in the first embodiment. In this case, a sealing surface 51 1 against which the opening in the plug 36 abuts through the sealing member 37 is formed by utilizing an outer surface of the mounting member 51. Since the sealing surface 51 1 is formed by utilizing the outer surface of the mounting member 51 in this manner, the sealing can be performed reliably and easily by the plug 36, thereby not only preventing the leakage of the exhaust gas through the plug 36, but also previously avoiding a disadvantage of a rust or corrosion developed due to the deposition of seawater on the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34. It is noted here that reference character 65 in Fig.10 designates a wall-perforated bore. To sample the exhaust gas from the engine E, the bolts 56 --- and 57 --- may be loosened to remove the undercover 55 from the undercase 2', following which the plug 36 may be removed from the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34, and instead, the exhaust gas component measuring instrument may be connected thereto. When the outboard motor O is in a normal service state, the tip of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is covered with the undercover 55 and hence, there is no fear that salts may be deposited on the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 to rust it and that the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 may be hitched on another object during transportation thereof. It should be noted that since the undercover 55 is divided into the two parts in the embodiment, only one of them may be removed, leading to an excellent workability. Figs.12 and 13 illustrate a modification to the undercover 55 in the second embodiment. In this modification, an undercover 55 includes a left 55 1 and a right cover half 55 2 integrally formed so that they are continuous with each other at a rear portion. A circular opening 55 4 is made by boring or the like at a location on the undercover 55 to which an exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 faces. When the measurement is carried out, this opening 55 4 is occluded by a rubber cap 77. Figs.14 and 15 illustrate another modification to the undercover 55 in the second embodiment. In this modification, a U-shaped opening 55 5 is made simultaneously upon stamping from the above, at a location on an integrally formed undercover 55 to which an exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 faces. When the measurement is carried out, the opening 55 5 is occluded by a rubber cap 78 having an edge confronting to an upper edge of the undercover 55. According to the modifications shown in Figs.12 to 15, it is possible to measure the components of the exhaust gas without removal of the engine cover 1 and the undercover 55, leading to a substantially improved workability. Figs.16 and 17 illustrate a modification to the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 of the second embodiment. An exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 of this modification has a threaded portion 34 2 integrally formed thereon, in place of the threaded member 35 secured by welding around the outer periphery of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 of the second embodiment. The threaded portion 34 2 has an abutment 34 1 integrally formed at its end, to which a jig abuts. According to this modification, it is possible to further reduce the number of parts. Fig.18 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment has a feature of a mounting position for an exhaust gas sampling pipe 34. More specifically, although the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 in the second embodiment is threadedly fitted into the mounting member 51 clamped between the cylinder block 21 and the extension case 5, the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 in this third embodiment is threadedly fitted into the cylinder block 21. This will be described in further detail. The cylinder head 22 and a head cover 81 are overlaid on the deck surface of the cylinder block 21 of the engine E. And an exhaust opening 26 is formed in a combustion chamber 82 defined in the cylinder head 22 and communicates with the exhaust port 3 1 defined in the cylinder head 22 and with the exhaust passage 60 defined in the cylinder block 21. The exhaust port 3 1 and exhaust passage 60 constitute an exhaust outlet passage, as in the first embodiment. The periphery of the exhaust outlet passage is surrounded by a water jacket 62, a portion of which is defined by a cover 84 coupled to an outer wall of the cylinder block 21 with a sealing member 83 interposed therebetween. An exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 having the same structure as the exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 shown in Figs.16 and 17 is threadedly fitted into the outer wall of the cylinder head 21. The exhaust gas sampling pipe 34 is threadedly fitted into the cylinder head 21 through an opening 84 1 in the cover 84. A base end of the pipe 34 is opened into a lower portion of the exhaust outlet passage (i.e., into the exhaust passage 60 defined in the cylinder head 21), and a tip end of the pipe 34 is occluded by a plug 36 having the same structure as the plug 36 shown in Figs.16 and 17. The tip end of the pipe 34 is contained in an engine room. A sealing surface 21 3 , on which the plug 36 is seated with a sealing member 37 interposed therebetween, is formed on an outer surface of the cylinder block 21. Even with the third embodiment, it is possible to provide an operational effect similar to that in the second embodiment. A fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs.19 to 25. As shown in Fig.19 and 20, a single-cylinder type vertical engine E mounted in an upper portion of an outboard engine 0 includes an engine block 101 integrally provided with a crank case section 101 1 and a cylinder block section 101 2 , and a cylinder head 102 coupled to the cylinder block portion 101 2 of the engine block 101. A vertically disposed crankshaft 104 is rotatably supported at its opposite ends on an upper wall of the crank case section 101 1 of the engine block 101 and on an oil pan 103 coupled to a lower portion of the crank case section 101 1 . A piston 105 is slidably received in the cylinder block section 101 2 of the engine block 101 and connected to the crankshaft 104 through a connecting rod 106. An intake port 108 and an exhaust port 109 are defined in the cylinder head 102 and connected to a combustion chamber 107. The intake port 108 and an exhaust port 109 are opened and closed by an intake valve 110 and an exhaust valve 111 which are connected to a valve operating mechanism which is not shown. A lower surface of an exhaust block 112 coupled to a lower surface of the cylinder head 102, and a lower surface of the oil pan 103 are coupled to an upper surface of an extension case 115 through a gasket 113 and a partition plate 114 (see Figs.22 and 23), whereby the engine E is supported in an upper portion of the extension case 115. An undercase 157 is fixed to a peripheral edge of the upper surface of the extension case 115 by a bolt which is not shown. The undercase 157 has an opening in its upper surface, which is covered with an engine cover 116 of synthetic resin. The under case 157 and the engine cover 116 are separatably coupled to each other by a bracket 117 extending downwardly from the engine cover 116 and by a lever 118 for screwing the bracket 117. A sealing member 116 1 is mounted around an outer periphery of the engine cover 116 for sealing a junction with the undercase 157. A drive shaft 119 is connected in series to a lower end of the crankshaft 104 of the engine E and extends downwardly within the extension case 115. A lower end of the drive shaft 119 is connected to a propeller shaft 123 having a propeller 122 at its rear end through a bevel gear mechanism 121 mounted within a gear case 120. Thus, cooling water is pumped by a cooling water pump 124 provided at a lower portion of the drive shaft 119, and is supplied through a cooling water pipe 125 to the engine E. A stern bracket 127 for steerably supporting the outboard motor O through a swivel case 126 is fixed by a set screw 129 operated by a lever 128 in a condition in which a groove 127 1 opened at its lower end is in engagement with a stern S. In Fig.20, reference character 130 is a recoil starter; reference character 131 is a flywheel mounted at an upper end of the crankshaft 104; reference character 132 is a carrying handle for transporting the outboard motor O; and reference character 133 is a lid for closing a maintenance opening defined in the engine cover 116. Reference characters 157 1 and 157 2 in Fig.21 are each an air inlet provided in the undercase 157 for introducing the open air into an engine room. The outboard motor O is steered by a steering handle which is not shown. As can be seen from Figs.20 to 24, an upper end of the cooling water pipe 125 extending upwardly from the cooling water pump 124 is connected to a lower end of a cooling water passage 134 of an L-shape as viewed from the side, which is defined in the exhaust block 112. An upper end of the cooling water passage 134 in the exhaust block 112 is connected to a water jacket 135 formed in the cylinder head 102 and the cylinder block section 101 2 so as to surround an outer periphery of the combustion chamber 107. The upper end of the water jacket 135 is connected to a cooling water passage 136 defined outside of the water jacket 135. The cooling water passage 136 extends downwardly within the cylinder head 102 and the exhaust block 112 and communicates with a cooling water passage 138 defined between the partition plate 114 and the extension case 115 through an opening 137 defined in the gasket 113 and the partition plate 114. The cooling water passage 138 is opened into the extension case 115 through a drainage hole 138 1 . Thus, the cooling water pumped by the cooling water pump 124 is discharged from the cooling water pipe 125 through the cooling water passage 134 in the exhaust block 112, the water jacket 135 in the cylinder head 102 and the cylinder block section 101 2 , the cooling water passage 136 in the cylinder head 102 and the exhaust block 112, the opening 137, the cooling water passage 138 in the extension case 115 and the drainage hole 138 1 into the extension case 115, while cooling the cylinder head 102, the cylinder block 101 2 and the exhaust block 112. It should be noted that during warming-up of the engine E, a thermostat 139 (see Fig.22) mounted at an upper end of the water jacket 135 is closed to inhibit the flow of the cooling water, thereby promoting the warming-up of the engine E. An exhaust passage 140 is defined in the exhaust block 112 and connected to the exhaust port 109 in the cylinder head 102. The exhaust passage 140 communicates with an interior of the extension case 115 through an opening 141 defined in the gasket 113 and the partition plate 114. A flat seat surface 112 1 inclined obliquely upwardly and leftwardly is formed on an outer wall surface of the exhaust block 112. An exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 including a straight stud pipe is threadedly inserted from the seat surface 112 1 into a thick-formed wall surface of the exhaust block 112. The exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 passed through the exhaust block 112 is opened into the exhaust passage 140. A plug 143 having a minus groove 143 1 engageable by a tip end of a driver is threadedly inserted into the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142, and the sealing member 144 is clamped between the plug 143 and the seat surface 112 1 of the exhaust block 112, thereby occluding the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 to prevent a leakage of an exhaust gas. In measuring the components of the exhaust gas, the engine cover 116 is separated from the undercase 157, and the plug 143 is removed from the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142. A tube connected to a component measuring instrument (not shown) is connected thereto and pulled outside from the air inlet 157 1 or the 157 2 , and the engine cover 116 is closed, thereby enabling the sampling of the exhaust gas through the exhaust passage 140. The exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 is supported in the exhaust block 112 and located therewithin, so that the plug 143 occluding the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 is not passed through the engine cover 116 and the undercase 157. Therefore, the need for provision of an opening for permitting the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 to be led outside is eliminated, leading to an improved sealability, but also by covering the plug 143 occluding the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 with the engine cover 116 and the undercase 115, it is possible to prevent the minus groove 143 1 from being filled up or shallowed due to precipitated salt, rust or corrosion resulting from deposition of seawater, thereby influencing the workability. Moreover, it is possible to avoid the generation of a rust or corrosion due to the deposition of seawater on the exhaust block 112 to which the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 is attached, and to prevent a degradation of appearance. Further, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 from being brought into contact with another object and damaged during transportation of the outboard motor O. When the tube connected to the component measuring instrument is connected, the horizontal projecting of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 can be suppressed, because the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 extends obliquely upwardly, thereby insuring a sufficient space between the peripheral edge of the opening at the upper end of the undercase 157 to facilitate the mounting of the tube. During this time, it is possible to prevent the interference between the tube and the components of the outboard motor O to further facilitate the mounting of the tube, because the exhaust gas sampling pipe 142 is inclined outside of the outboard motor O. As can be seen from Figs.21 and 25, an oil separating chamber 145 is integrally defined in an upper wall of the crank case section 101 1 of the engine block 101. A top surface of the oil separating chamber 145 is closed by a detachable lid 146, and an internal space in the oil separating chamber 145 and the interior of the crank case section 101 1 communicate with each other through a blow-by gas passage 148 closed by a one-way valve 147 and through an oil return hole 149. The interior oil separating chamber 145 is partitioned in a labyrinth-like configuration, and an oil and mist contained in a blow-by gas flowing from the inside of the crank case section 101 1 through the one-way valve 147 into the oil separating chamber 145 are separated. Then, the separated oil is returned by gravity through the oil return hole 149 defined in a bottom surface of the oil separating chamber 145 into the crank case section 101 1 . It should be noted that the oil return hole 149 is occluded by a steel wool. An air intake 151 and a carburettor 152 are provided upstream of an intake pipe 150 connected to the cylinder head 102. The air intake 151 is a substantially cylindrical member including a mounting flange 151 2 at an end thereof adjacent the carburettor 152 and a downwardly inclined opening 151 at the other end thereof. The air intake 151 and the carburettor 152 are co-fastened to the intake pipe 150 by two bolts 156, 156 passed through left and right sides of the mounting flange 151 2 . The air intake 151 is a member of a synthetic resin and is injection-molded by a vertically split metal mold. In this molding, a downwardly extending connector 151 1 is integrally formed on a lower surface of the air intake 151. A blow-by gas passage 153 comprises a metal pipe connected at its base end to a sidewall of the oil separating chamber 145 extends toward the air intake 151. A tip end of the passage 153 is connected to the connector 151 1 of the air intake 151 through a blow-by gas passage 154 defined by a U-curved rubber joint. Thus, the mist resulting from separation of the oil in the oil separating chamber 145 is sucked by a suction negative pressure and drawn through the air intake 151 into the carburettor 152. The air intake 151 is fixed to the carburettor 152 by two bolts 156, 156 passed through the left and right sides of the mounting flange 151 2 , but the connector 151 1 connecting the blow-by gas passage 154 to the air intake 151 is provided on a lower surface of the air intake 151, and moreover, the blow-by gas passage 154 connected to the connector 151 1 extends toward the oil separating chamber 145 in a U-curved configuration. Therefore, in attaching or detaching the air intake 151 by operation of the bolts 156, 156, the blow-by gas passage 154 cannot interfere with a tool to obstruct the working. In addition, since the connector 151 1 is provided on the lower surface of the air intake located at a higher position, it is possible to shorten the length of each of the blow-by gas passages 153 and 154 extending from the connector 151 1 to the oil separating chamber 145 located at a lower position. As is apparent from Fig.25, the blow-by gas passage 153 extends obliquely upwardly from the oil separating chamber 145 by utilizing an internal space in the flywheel 131 and then obliquely downwardly from its top point and is connected to the air intake 151. In this manner, a portion of the blow-by gas passage 153 near a connection thereof with the oil separating chamber 145 is inclined downwardly, thereby ensuring that a portion of the oil deposited and captured within the blow-by gas passage 153 is returned into the oil separating chamber 145 and is difficult to be resident therein. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the oil from being drawn into the intake system at one time. As can be seen from Fig.21, the outboard motor O removed from a hull is placed laterally, so that supporting projections 155,155 come into contact with a ground surface GL, and at this time, the carburettor 152 is located below the cylinder head 102. The blow-by gas passage 153 interconnecting the oil separating chamber 145 and the air intake 151 is disposed in an inverted U-shaped configuration so as to pass above the crank shaft 104. This prevents the oil accumulated in the oil separating chamber 145 from flowing therefrom into the intake system, when the outboard motor O is placed in a horizontal attitude. A fifth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs.26 to 31. As shown in Fig.26, an outboard motor O of the fifth embodiment includes an oil case 261 interposed between the extension case 215 and the engine block 201. An oil pan 103 is integrally formed within the oil case 261, and an engine cover 216 is detachably coupled to an opening at an upper end of the oil case 261. As shown in Figs.27 and 28, a 2-cylinder type vertical engine E accommodated in the engine cover 216 includes and engine block 201 supported at an upper end of the oil case 261, and a cylinder head 202 coupled to the engine block 201. A timing belt 265 is wound around a driving pulley mounted on a crank shaft 204 projecting upwardly from the engine block 201 and around a follower pulley 264 mounted on a cam shaft 263 projecting upwardly from the cylinder head 202. A carburettor 252 and an air intake 251 are connected to an front end of an intake pipe 250 extending from a left side of the cylinder head 202 toward the front of the outboard motor O. As can be seen from Figs.27, 29 and 30, an exhaust pipe 267 passed through the oil case 261 is coupled to a lower surface of the cylinder head 202 with a sealing member 266 interposed therebetween and is opened at its lower end into the extension case 215. A cooling water pipe 225 extending upwardly from a cooling water pump 224 (see Fig.26) is connected to a lower end of a water jacket 268 defined around an outer periphery of the exhaust pipe 267. The water jacket 268 has an upper end connected to a lower end of a water jacket 269 (see Fig.30) defined in the cylinder head 202 and the cylinder block section 201 2 of the engine block 201. An upper end of the water jacket 269 in the cylinder head 202 is connected to a drainage pipe 271 through a thermostat 239 and a connector 270 (see Fig.29) mounted on an outer wall of the intake pipe 250. The drainage pipe 271 extends downwardly and is opened into an internal space in the extension case 215. A flat seat surface 267 1 inclined obliquely upwardly and leftwardly is formed on a thicker portion of the exhaust pipe 267 in the vicinity of its upper end. An exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 is threadedly inserted into the seat surface 267 1 and has either the same structure as the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 in the fourth embodiment or a structure in which a cylindrical threaded portion is integrally formed around an outer periphery of a straight pipe by welding or the like. A plug 243 threadedly inserted into a tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 is accommodated in an internal space in the oil case 261, and an opening 261 1 is defined in the oil case 261, so that a tip end of a driver is brought into engagement in a minus groove 243 1 in the plug 243 to remove the plug 243 from the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242. The opening 261 1 in the oil case 261 is closed by a detachable cap 272 of a rubber to prevent the ingress of water. In measuring components in an exhaust gas, the engine cover 216 may be separated from the oil case 261, following which the plug 243 loosened by insertion of a driver through the opening 261 1 with the cap 272 removed therefrom may be removed from the opening in the upper surface of the oil case 261, which is provided by removal of the engine cover 216, and a tube of a component measuring instrument inserted through the air inlet 216 2 (see Fig.27) in the engine cover 216 may be connected to the opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242. It should be noted that the opening 261 1 in the oil case 261 may be of a larger diameter, so that the plug 243 can be removed, or tube can be removed. However, if the opening 261 1 is of a smaller diameter, the provision of a smaller cap 272 suffices. Even with the fifth embodiment, it is possible to cover the plug 243 occluding the tip end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 with the engine cover 216 and the oil case 261 to protect the plug 204 against a rust due to the deposition of seawater. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 from being brought into contact with another object and damaged during transportation of the outboard motor O. The horizontal projecting of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242 can be suppressed by oblique upward inclination of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 242, thereby insuring a space used for the mounting of the tube between the peripheral edge of the opening at the upper end of the oil case 261 to facilitate the mounting of the tube. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the interference between the tube and the components of the outboard motor O by the inclination of the exhaust gas sampling pipe 42 outside of the outboard motor O. As can be seen from Figs.27, 28, 30 and 31, an oil separating chamber 245 is provided in an upper surface of the engine block 201 to lie between a tensioned side and loosened side of the timing belt 265. The inside of the oil separating chamber 245 communicates with the inside of the crankcase section 201 1 through the blow-by gas passage 248 extending vertically through a sidewall of the crankcase section 201 1 . A one-way valve 247 for opening and closing the blow-by gas passage 248 is mounted in a bottom wall of the oil separating chamber 245, and the inside of the oil separating chamber 245 communicates with the inside of the crankcase section 201 1 through the oil return hole 249. An air intake 251 and a carburettor 252 are co-fastened to the intake pipe 250 connected to the cylinder head 202 by two bolts 256, 256. The air intake 251 of a synthetic resin is injection-molded by a vertically split metal mold as in the fourth embodiment and includes a mounting flange 251 2 and an opening 251 3 at opposite ends thereof, but a connector 251 1 is integrally formed in an upwardly directed manner on an upper surface of the air intake 251, unlike the fourth embodiment. The blow-by gas passage 253 made of a flexible pipe connecting the connector 245 1 provided on the oil separating chamber 245 with the connector 251 1 provided on the air intake 251 extends from the oil separating chamber 245 and is declined monotonously from a location beyond the upper surface of the engine E toward the air intake 251, with its intermediate portion fixed to an upper surface of the carburettor 252 by a clip 273 (see Fig.27). Because the blow-by gas passage 253 has no loosened portion in this manner, an oil deposited on a wall surface of the blow-by gas passage 253 flows promptly into the air intake 251 without residence. A small amount of oil flowing into the blow-by gas passage 253 is discharged into the air intake at every time and thus, the sudden flowing of a large amount of oil into the intake system is prevented. Since the two left and right bolts 256, 256 for fixing the air intake 251 to the carburettor 252 lie at locations spaced apart from the blow-by gas passage 253 extending upwardly from the connector 251 1 provided on the air intake 251, it is possible to easily conduct the attaching and detaching of the air intake 251 by operation of the bolts 256, 256. In addition, since the connector 251 1 is provided on the upper surface of the air intake 251 lying at the lower position, it is possible to shorten the length of the blow-by gas passage 253 extending from the connector 251 1 to the oil separating chamber 245 lying at the higher position.

Claims: An outboard motor comprising an engine (E), a propeller (8;122;222) driven by said engine, case means (2,5,6; 2';157,115,120;261,215,220) for rotatably supporting said propeller, cover means (1;55;116;216) detachably mounted on said case means, an exhaust passage (13;60;140;267) for introducing an exhaust gas from said engine to a lower portion of said case means, and an exhaust gas sampling device for sampling the exhaust gas in said exhaust passage (13;60;140;267), said exhaust gas sampling device comprising an exhaust gas sampling pipe (34;142;242) having opposite opened ends and connected at one of said opposite opened ends to said exhaust passage, characterized in that the other of said opposite opened ends of said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34;142;242) is disposed within a space (R) which is defined inside at least one of said case means and said cover means, said space (R) being separated from said exhaust passage (13;60;140;267), said other opened end of the exhaust gas sampling pipe (34;142;242) being normally closed by a removable plug means (36;143;243). An outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein said exhaust passage (60) leads to an exhaust chamber (80) provided in said case means (5), said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) is mounted in an outer wall member (51) defining said exhaust passage (60) therein, and wherein said exhaust gas sampling pipe is a stud pipe (34) embedded into the outer wall member (51), and said outer wall member is formed with a sealing surface (51 1 ) against which said plug means (36) abuts. An outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein said exhaust gas sampling pipe (143;253) is substantially straight and is mounted from above to a seat surface (112 1 ; 267 1 ) formed in an upwardly-directed manner on an outer surface of a thick wall (112;267) defining said exhaust passage (140; 267). An outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein said exhaust passage is defined by an exhaust pipe (13;267) extending from the engine (E). An outboard motor according to claim 1 or 3, wherein said exhaust passage (60;140) is formed in a mounting member (51;112) clamped between the engine (E) and an extension case (5;115). An outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein said cover means is an engine cover (1;116;216) covering the engine. An outboard motor according to claim 1 or 5, wherein said cover means is an undercover (55) connected to a lower portion of an undercase (2') covering the engine (E). An outboard motor according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting member (51;112) for mounting said engine (E) to said cover means (1;116), said exhaust passage (60;140) being defined in said mounting member (51;112), said space (R) being defined between said mounting member (51;112) and said at least one of said case means and said cover means (55;157,116). An outboard motor according to claim 5, wherein said mounting member (51) is formed with an oil passage (63) substantially in parallel to said exhaust passage (60), said oil passage (63) being connected to an oil pan (64), and the exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) mounted in said exhaust passage (60) is disposed at a position which does not interfere with said oil passage (63). An outboard motor according to claim 4, wherein an outer periphery of said exhaust pipe (13) is covered with a two-divided exhaust pipe cover (32,33) to form a cooling-water passage, and said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) is clamped between matching surfaces (32 1 ,33 1 ) of said exhaust pipe cover (32,33). An outboard motor according to claim 2, wherein said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) is formed with an abutment (34 1 ) for receiving a jig for threadedly fitting said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) into said outer walll member (51). An outboard motor according to claim 3, wherein said seat surface (112 1 ;267 1 ) of said exhaust passage (140;267) is inclined toward an outside of the outboard motor. An outboard motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an opening (55 4 ,55 5 ) is provided in one of said case means and said cover means (55) for providing an access to said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) from an outside of said outboard motor (0). An outboard motor according to claim 7, wherein said undercover (55) is provided with a circular opening (55 4 ) at a location to which said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) faces. An outboard motor according to claim 7, wherein said undercover (55) is provided with a U-shaped opening (55 5 ) at a location to which said exhaust gas sampling pipe (34) faces. An outboard motor according to claim 14, wherein said circular opening (55 4 ) is normally closed by a removable cap (77). An outboard motor according to claim 15, wherein said U-shaped opening (55 5 ) is normally closed by a removable cap (78).

Inventors: KOISHIKAWA KOUJI, SHISHIDO MOTOYOSHI, KOISHIKAWA, KOUJI, SHISHIDO, MOTOYOSHI, Koishikawa, Kouji, c/o KK Honda Gijutsu Kenkyusho, Shishido, Motoyoshi, c/o KK Honda Gijutsu
Applicants: HONDA MOTOR CO LTD, HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F01N7
IPC codes: F01N7, F02B61, F02B75, G01N1, F01N3