Radial tyre and method of manufacture thereof

Abstract: A radial tyre comprises a tread, a breaker reinforcement under the tread and a carcass of radially extending reinforcement cords at least one of which comprises a strip of circumferentially extending material joined at the ends, the reinforcement cords being anchored in each of two bead regions by wrapping around a bead core and rubber encases said bead region to provide a bead seating region radially inside the bead core to provide a seating onto a wheel rim wherein the rubber bead seating region has a smaller thickness, measured radially of the tyre under the bead core, in a zone circumferentially adjacent to the said joint. The method of manufacture comprises shaping the radially inner surface of the bead to have an increased radius in a localised region. The resulting tyre is improved in uniformity by mitigating the effects of component joints.

Description: This invention relates to a radial tyre and the manufacture of said radial tyre. With the improvements in vehicle ride has come the requirement for better tyre uniformity particularly in relation to radial run out (RRO) and radial force variation (RFV). The reasons for these uniformity errors are complex but they stem from the basic construction of radial tyres and manufacturing techniques used to build them. Whilst most components are made in long continuous lengths and thus have good cross-sectional uniformity before they are assembled to form a green tyre, the components are cut off to length and jointed to form the circumferential components in the tyre. These joints in the case of fabric reinforced components may be overlap joints or in the case of steel reinforced components butt joints. In non-reinforced components butt joints sometimes cut at an angle are used. Joints in rubber components may have excess rubber or insufficient rubber in the joint area due to the tolerance on the length cut off and the circumference of the tyre and where the ends are pressed together by the tyre assembler a heavy joint may be the result. DE-A-2824348 discloses methods for influencing the frequency of vibration of the tyre/wheel/suspension system of a vehicle, which may be actuated by tyre non-uniformity, including concentrating all component joints at two diametrically points or providing specific areas of the tyre with a defined radial run-out. It is an object of the present invention, however, to mitigate the effects of such joints in tyres and produce a tyre with improved uniformity. According to one aspect of the present invention a radial tyre comprises components including a tread, a breaker reinforcement under the tread and a carcass of radially extending reinforcement cords, at least one component comprising a strip of circumferentially extending material joined at the ends to form a joint, the reinforcement cords of the carcass being anchored in each of two bead regions by wrapping around a bead core, said bead region being encased in rubber to provide a bead seating region radially inside the bead core for seating onto a wheel rim characterised in that the rubber bead seating region has a smaller thickness of rubber, measured radially of the tyre under the bead core, in a circumferential region radially inward of a zone of the strip circumferentially adjacent to the said joint than the thickness of rubber of that part of the bead seating region radially inward of a zone not circumferentially adjacent to the said joint. Preferably the reduction of rubber thickness in the bead seating region is between 0.5 and 1.5mm and extends in a circumferential zone of between 10 and 40 degrees around the tyre. Two such zones of reduced rubber thickness may be provided and one of these is preferably under the tread joint. According to another aspect of the present invention a method of manufacture for a tyre having a zone or region of reduced rubber thickness radially inwards of a bead reinforcement core comprises shaping the radially inner surface of the tyre bead to have an increased radius in a localised region. The method may comprise removing rubber from the required zone subsequent to moulding the tyre or may comprise moulding the green or raw tyre in a mould having a localised radially protruding zone in the mould at the required region and locating the tyre in the mould prior to moulding with the joint to be compensated for positioned circumferentially adjacent to the said protruding zone. Further aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description, by way of example only, of some embodiments in which:- Figure 1 is a side view of a tyre of the invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the tyre of Figure 1 taken along section S-S; Figure 3 is an enlarged part scrap sectional view of one of the bead parts of the tyre of Figure 1 taken along section M-M in the vicinity of tread joint TJ; and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of a part used to form the radially inner surface of a bead of a tyre of the invention. Figure 1 shows a tyre of the present invention and Figure 2 shows a sectional view taken radially along S-S. This tyre comprises a single carcass reinforcing ply 1 extending between a pair of bead regions 2,2 which is outwardly turned at each edge around a bead core or hoop 3 to form a ply turn-up 4. In each bead region 2 a hard rubber apex 5 is disposed on the bead core and between the ply 1 and ply turn-up 4 to stiffen the bead region 2. On the radially outer side of each ply turn-up 4 the tyre has a clinch strip 6 to prevent chafing against the wheel rim. The ground contacting region 7 of the tyre has a rubber tread 8 which is reinforced by a breaker 9 disposed radially between the ply and the tread. Between the tread 8 and bead regions 2 of the tyre the ply 1 is protected by a rubber sidewall 10. On the inside of the tyre is disposed an innerlining 12 comprising a rubber of high impermeability to air and moisture for the purpose of retaining the air used to inflate the tyre. In the building of the tyre most of the components are cut to the required circumferential length and assembled by wrapping around a former and bringing the two cut ends together to form a joint. Normally the positions of these joints are staggered around the circumference of the tyre to minimise the disturbance to the uniformity of the tyre. Radially inside each bead core 3, each bead region 2 is encased in rubber to provide a bead seating region 11 of which the radially inner surface contacts the wheel rim when the tyre is fitted. In the conventional prior art tyre the radial thickness of rubber in the bead seating region 11 at any point under the bead core 3 is arranged to be constant over the entire circumference of the tyre. In the tyre of the present invention the radial thickness of rubber in the bead seating region 11 under the bead core 3 is arranged to be reduced in the vicinity of a component joint. For example Figure 3 shows an enlarged sectional view of one bead region taken along section M-M at the tread joint TJ shown in Figure 1. The dotted line in Figure 3 shows the corresponding profile of the bead seat inner surface taken along the section S-S in Figure 1 which is not in the vicinity of a component joint. Thus it can be seen that the bead seat rubber thickness under the bead core 3 is reduced by an amount Rt in the vicinity of the tread joint. The value of Rt is preferably in the range 0.5 to 1.5mm. The bead seat rubber thickness may be reduced in only one of the two bead regions but it is preferable that it is reduced in both bead regions in the vicinity of the component joint. It is even more preferable that it is reduced equally in both bead regions. The reduced bead seat rubber thickness preferably extends in a zone of  degrees around the circumference of the tyre where  has a value in the range of 10 to 40 degrees. Towards the edges of the zone the thickness of bead seat rubber is gradually increased so that at the ends of the zone it is the normal thickness. A method of manufacturing the tyre of the invention comprises moulding the tyre in a mould in which the part which shapes the radially inner surface of the tyre bead has an increased radius in a localised region to form a radially protruding zone in the mould. Figure 4 shows the shape of such a mould part having a radius R from the centre of the mould C except for a localised region L which has a larger maximum radius R' wherein the difference R'-R between the two radii lies in the range 0.5 to 1.5mm. When the tyre is loaded into the mould the component joint which is to be compensated for is positioned circumferentially adjacent to the point of maximum radius R' in the localised protruding region L. Thus in the subsequent moulding process rubber is displaced from the region of the radially protruding zone in the mould which leaves the tyre having reduced rubber thickness in the bead seat in the region adjacent to the component joint. The method of manufacturing the tyre may also comprise removing unvulcanised rubber from the tyre bead seat in the required zone prior to moulding. Alternatively the formation of a zone of reduced bead seat rubber thickness may comprise applying a thin strip of rubber compound around part of the circumferential extent of the tyre bead prior to moulding the tyre such that no strip is applied in the zone adjacent to the joint to be compensated for. The tyre may also have vulcanised rubber removed from the bead seat in the required zone after moulding.

Claims: A radial tyre comprising components including a tread (8), a breaker reinforcement (9) under the tread (8) and a carcass of radially extending reinforcement cords, at least one component comprising a strip of circumferentially extending material joined at the ends to form a joint, the reinforcement cords of the carcass being anchored in each of two bead regions (2) by wrapping around a bead core (3), said bead region (3) being encased in rubber to provide a bead seating region (11) radially inside the bead core (3) for seating onto a wheel rim characterised in that the rubber bead seating region (11) has a smaller thickness of rubber, measured radially of the tyre under the bead core (3), in a circumferential region radially inward of a zone of the strip circumferentially adjacent to the said joint than the thickness of rubber of that part of the bead seating region (11) radially inward of a zone not circumferentially adjacent to the said joint. A tyre according to claim 1 characterised in that the said smaller thickness is between 0.5 and 1.5mm smaller. A tyre according to claim 1 or 2 characterised in that the region of smaller thickness extends, in the circumferential direction, for a distance of 10 to 40 degrees around the tyre. A tyre according to claim 1, 2 or 3 characterised in that two such regions of smaller rubber thickness are provided each adjacent a join in one or more tyre components. A tyre according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 characterised in that the region of smaller rubber thickness is under the tread joint (TJ). A method of manufacture for a tyre having a region of smaller rubber thickness radially inwards of a bead reinforcement core (3) comprising shaping the radially inner surface of the tyre bead to have an increased radius (R') in a localised region (L). A method of manufacture according to claim 6 characterised in that the increased radius region (L) is manufactured by displacing rubber from the said region of a green tyre carcass. A method according to claim 7 characterised by moulding the green tyre in a mould having a localised radially protruding zone in the mould at the required bead seat forming region and locating the tyre in the mould prior to moulding with the joint to be compensated for positioned circumferentially adjacent to the said protruding zone. A method according to claim 6 or 7 characterised by removing unvulcanised rubber in the required region prior to moulding the green tyre in a mould. A method according to claim 6 characterised by applying a thin strip of rubber compound around part of the circumferential extent of a tyre bead region such that no strip is applied adjacent the joint to be compensated and then moulding the tyre in a mould. A method of manufacture according to claim 6 characterised by removing rubber from the required region subsequent to moulding the tyre.

Inventors: VALERA YASMIN, WILLIAMS ARTHUR ROGER, VALERA, YASMIN, WILLIAMS, ARTHUR ROGER
Applicants: SUMITOMO RUBBER IND, SUMITOMO RUBBER INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Application year: 1993
Main classification: B60C11
IPC codes: B60C9, B60C15