SYRINGE

Abstract: When an emergency medical care is required and when it is necessary to inject a plurality of medicines at a time or to dissolve a solid pharmaceutical in a solution before the injection, different types of injections are placed in chambers separately formed in a cylinder without previously being mixed up and, when to be injected, both types of the injections are successively dispensed by a simple means or are mixed up.

Description: The present invention relates to a syringe according to the preamble of claim 1 as disclosed in US-A-3 680 558. Said syringe is provided for containing medicine, medicine for animals, medicine for clinical diagnosis, and any medicine using a syringe barrel. Prior Art The conventional usual injection is contained in an ampul or vial. In injection, first, the ampul is cut, or rubber cap of the vial is bored to absorb the injection liquid, and thereafter the injection is given to a patient. In this case, the syringe is disposed so that a single syringe needle is not used for plural persons, thereby preventing infection of bacteria. Injection, usually, a single injection is carried out as described above. As the case may be, however, a mixed injection of two or more injections is carried out in the injection for treatment of, for example, knee-joint arthritis, shoulder-joint arthritis. Injection of only the hyaluronic acid natrium as a treatment medicine gives a patient a severe pain. To moderate the pain, hydrochloric acid lidocaine as local anesthesia is mixed with the hyaluronic acid. Specifically, first, the ampul is cut to absorb hyaluronic acid contained therein into a syringe. Next, using the syringe needle, the rubber stopper of a vial is bored to absorb the hydrochloric acid in the syringe. Thus, two injections are mixed. This mixed injection is injected into the affected part. Two or more injections are also mixed in the case where freezed drier such as antibiotic, steroid, vaccine, etc. or powder filler is sealed in a vial, and its solution or diluted solution is contained in an ampul. In this case, first, the ampul is cut to absorb the solution contained in the ampul into a syringe. The syringe needle is thrust through the rubber stopper of a vial to inject the solution within the syringe into the vial. The syringe needle is once pulled out from the rubber stopper. The vial is shaken to solve the freezing drier. The syringe needle is again thrust through the rubber stopper to absorb the solved injection into the syringe. Thereafter, a patient is given the injection. In the injection manners as described above, persons engaged in medical treatment may be injured by pieces of glass of the ampul in cutting the ampul. Then, infection or contagion of hepatitis or AIDS may also occur owing to bleeding. When the ampul is cut, minute fragments of glass may be mixed into the injection. Further, when the syringe needle is thrust through the rubber stopper, minute fragments of the rubber may be mixed into the injection. Mixture of these alien substances into a human body was confirmed by a microscope. Bad influence of these alien substances on the human body is problematic. In order to solve these problems, the syringe as shown in Figs. 2(a) and 2(b) was proposed which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No.Sho 62-58745. This syringe, as shown in Fig. 2(a), includes a needle holder 1 on the side of a syringe needle and a cylinder 4 closed at its ends by plungers 2 and 3. The needle holder 1 and the cylinder 4 are fabricated separately, and the space formed by the plungers 2 and 3 is previously filled with an injection. In use, as shown in Fig. 2(b), with the cylinder 4 fit in the needle holder 1, the plunger 3 is pushed toward the side of the needle. Then, the plunger 2 is pushed into the needle holder 1 and the injection flows through a passage 6 formed in the needle holder 1 toward the needle. This syringe does not require necessity of cutting the ampul, and hence can solve the problems of bacteria infection due to injury in ampul cutting and mixture of minute fragments of glass. This syringe, however, can be applied to only the case where a single kind of injection agent is used. Where two or more injections are to be injected, i.e., a mixed solution of two injections A and B is to be injected, these injections A and B must be mixed previously. In this case, even when the injections A and B are solely present, respectively, and also stable for a long-time preservation, the mixture of injections A and B is difficult to maintain its stability. The solid injection of the antibiotic, steroid and other injections described above is solved in a solution and the resultant injection liquid is injected. In an emergent medical scene, doing such an operation is very troublesome. Further, the syringe, which includes the needle holder 1 and the cylinder 4 fabricated separately, is fabricated at high production cost. Disposing such a syringe, therefore, is wasteful. In order to avoid such an inconvenience, the syringe as shown in Figs. 3(a) and 3(b) which is disclosed in Japanese Preliminary Publication No. sho 60-72561 was proposed. The syringe includes a cylinder 10 having a syringe needle connection portion 11 formed at one end and a plunger insertion hole 12 formed at the other end and a plunger 13 inserted from the hole 12. In the cylinder 10, a swelling portion 17 is formed and a partition portion 14 located apart from the swelling portion 17 divides the cylinder 10 into two chambers 15 and 16. The chamber 15 contains injection powder and the chamber 16 is filled with its solution or diluted solution. In use, when the plunger 13 is pushed, the pressure in the chamber 16 is increased. As a result, the partition portion 14 moves toward the syringe needle to reach the swelling portion 17 as shown in Fig. 3(b). The swelling portion of the cylinder constitutes a passage 17. When the partition portion 14 reaches this portion, the solution contained in the chamber 16 flows into the chamber 15 through the passage 17. As a result, the powder is solved to provide an injection liquid. Thereafter, air remaining in the chamber 15 is discharged from the syringe needle. The resultant injection is given to a patient. Problems that the Invention is to solve The syringe disclosed in Japanese Preliminary Publication No. Sho 60-72561 can previously contain two different injections or injection agents. A cap 18, which is only one means of sealing the side of the syringe needle, is likely to come off. Therefore, the sealing is unstable and the preservation of the injection agents for a long time is difficult. In using local anesthetic, many clinical doctors say that the effect of a treatment medicine is more manifest in separate injections than in mixed injections. Specifically, it is preferable to first inject local anesthetic without mixing the local anesthetic with a treatment medicine to lose the sense at the affected part, and thereafter inject the treatment medicine. The present invention intends to solve the above problem and provide a syringe which can be manufactured at low cost enough to be disposable, can accommodate one or plural different injection agents, and provide an excellent sealing property making easy the preservation for a long time. Another object of the present invention is to provide a syringe which permits plural injection agents to be preserved separately, and permits the injection to be done after respective injection agents have been mixed as necessity requires. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a syringe which permits separate injection of injecting an A agent without mixing plural injection agents and thereafter injecting a B agent, as necessity requires. Means for Solving the Problems In order to attain the above object, a syringe according to claim 1 is provided. It is preferred that a plurality of partitions are provided so that two or more chambers are formed between said partitions or between said partition and said plunger and said chambers are filled with different injection agents. After the injection agents within said chambers are collected into a single chamber as said plunger advances, the resultant injection agent is injected. Such a configuration may be adopted that at the center portion of a different partition from said partition, a passage member having a double pipe structure in which an internal cylinder is coaxially held in an external cylinder with a gap from each other is provided, said passage further includes a hollow portion formed in said internal cylinder so that the side of the syringe needle is opened and the side of the plunger is closed and a through-hole formed on the side of said internal cylinder; a small partition for sealing said gap between said internal and external cylinders and closing said through-hole is slidably fit; and said passage is opened when said partition slides toward said small partition. Operation In the syringe according to the present invention structured as described above, medicine liquids having different properties or solutions are sealed separately from each other in such a manner that they are accommodated in plural chambers in their individual states, and in use, the sealing state is released by an external operation, thereby permitting immediate use. In this case, it is possible to inject the injection liquid after the different injection agents are mixed with each other, or sequentially inject the accommodated injection agents without being mixed. Several kinds of problems in actual injection such as bacterial infection, mixture of glass powder and rubber pieces in ampul cutting and vial thrusting and difficulty of sucking high-viscosity medicine can be solved, and plural injection agents can be injected simultaneously by a very simple operation. For this reason, burden for persons engaged in medical treatment and patients can be relaxed. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 2(a) and 2(b) are sectional views of the syringe according to a prior art; and Figs. 3(a) and 3(b) are sectional views showing the syringe according to another prior art. Embodiments Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment in which the cylinder is formed in a multiplex manner so as to provide plural injection agent chambers. This embodiment is also suitable to not only the case where different injection solutions are injected but also the case where a solution is mixed with frozen and dried solid medicines and the injection solution thus created is injected. In this embodiment, a small cylinder 416 which internally abuts on the inside of a cylinder 401 is provided. A partition 412 is provided at the tip of the cylinder 416 so as to form a chamber 413 between itself and a partition 411. Further, within the cylinder 416, a chamber 423 is formed between the partition 422 and partition 421. Different medicines are sealed in the chambers 413 and 423. In this embodiment, where liquids are sealed in both chambers 413 and 423, the syringe can be used in the following manner. When the plunger 404 is advanced, the partition 421 is also advanced as described above. Then, an opening portion 427 provided at a pillar member 425 opens so that the chamber 423 and the chamber 413 are communicated with each other through a solution passage 428. Reference numeral 430 denotes an opening for communicating the pillar member with the solution passage so that the partition 421 is not prevented from advancing. When the plunger 404 is further advanced or otherwise the cylinder 416 is advanced, the partition 411 is advanced under liquid pressure created. Thus, the passage 407 provided at the pillar member 405 is opened so that the medicine contained in the chamber 413 can be externally discharged through the solution passage 408. By further advancing the plunger 404 and the cylinder 416 as they are, the injection solutions contained in the chambers 413 and 423 can be given to a patient. In Fig. 1, where frozen dried medicine powder is sealed in the chamber 413 and its solution is sealed in the chamber 423, first, with the valve member opened, the plunger 404 is advanced to lead the solution in the chamber 423 into the chamber 413 in the same manner as described above. The solid medicine contained within the chamber 413 is solved sufficiently. Thereafter, by further advancing the plunger 404 and the cylinder 416, the injection solution can be immediately given to a patient. Effects of the Invention As described above, in accordance with the present invention, a syringe can be provided which can accommodate one or more injection agents separately and stably preserve them for a long time in a state shut out from the open air. In addition, in use, these injection agents can be immediately given to a patient by a simple operation. Further, not only "mixed injection" can be performed that plural injection agents are mixed and the injection agent thus created is injected can be performed, but also "separate injection" can be performed that plural injection agents can be successively injected in such a manner that an "A" agent is injected and a "B" agent is thereafter injected. The syringe defined in any claim can be easily manufactured at low cost and also disposable. Particularly, adoption of a structure in which the through-holes formed in a cylinder are coupled with each other by a pipe permits a small-sized syringe to be further manufactured at further low cost. Such a syringe is most suitable to the injection of a small amount. Since the injection agent(s) is not exposed to the open air in operation, there is no fear of pollution.

Claims: A syringe comprising: a first cylinder (401) having a connection portion for a syringe needle (409) at one end and an opening at the other end; a second cylinder (416) inserted into the first cylinder (401) from the opening which internally abuts on the inside of the first cylinder (401) and having an opening (430) at one end and an opening at the other end; a plunger (404) to be inserted into the second cylinder (416) from the opening at said other end; characterized by: a first partition (412) having a hole and being provided at the tip of the second cylinder (416) so as to form a first chamber (413) between itself and a second partition (411) provided in the first cylinder (401); a second chamber (423) being formed in the second cylinder (416) between a third partition (422) and a fourth partition (421) provided in the second cylinder (416); a first pillar member (405) having a passage (408) communicating with said connection portion and protruding into said first cylinder (401); a first through-hole (407) formed in said first pillar member (405) for communicating said passage (408) with the inside of the first cylinder (401); said second partition (411) being slidably fit between the outer periphery of said first pillar member (405) and the inner periphery of said first cylinder (401) so as to close said first through-hole (407) and to open said passage (408) when said second partition (411) slides towards the side of the syringe needle (409); a second pillar member (425) having a passage (428) communicating the first and second chamber (413, 423) and protruding into said second cylinder (416); a second through-hole (427) formed in said second pillar member (425) for communicating said passage (428) with the inside of the second cylinder (416); said fourth partition (421) being slidably fit between the outer periphery of said second pillar member (425) and the inner periphery of said second cylinder (416) so as to close said second through-hole (427) and to open said passage (428) when said fourth partition (421) slides towards the side of the syringe needle (409).

Inventors: HIGASHIKAWA TETSURO, HIGASHIKAWA, TETSURO
Applicants: HIGASHIKAWA TETSURO, HIGASHIKAWA, TETSURO
Application year: 1993
Main classification: A61M5
IPC codes: A61M5