Fuel injection control system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: In a fuel injection control system for controlling a fuel injection operation using a control system such as a computer, the fuel injection is controlled in a feedback mode by the control system when no abnormality occurs in the control system, and it is controlled in an open loop mode by a limp home circuit when any abnormality in the control system is detected by abnormality detection means such as a watch dog timer, so that at least permissible minimum driving function for evacuating a vehicle to a proper place is secured for an internal combustion engine. The limp home circuit may include fuel cut means for intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine even in the open-loop mode operation when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value to secure sufficient safety.

Description: This invention relates to a fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine for a vehicle, etc. A fuel injection control system for performing a feedback control operation for the position of a control sleeve using a computer has been generally known as a fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine. The control sleeve serves to adjust a fuel injection amount from an injection pump through its position adjustment, and it is moved by an electric servo mechanism which is called "electric governor". The electric governor is controlled by the computer. In this type of convention fuel injection control system, the engine is controlled to be forcedly stopped for safety securement at the time when abnormality occurs in the computer (for example, runaway of a program, etc.), in a position detection system for the control sleeve, or in a servo system for the electric governor, etc. In the conventional fuel injection control system as described above, safety can be sufficiently secured because the engine is stopped when abnormality occurs, however, it practical use is very insufficient because the engine is stopped at all times irrespective of its status once the abnormality occurs. Particularly in a case of a vehicle, the vehicle is preferably provided with a permissible minimum driving (running) function with which the vehicle can be evacuated to a proper place such as a turnout (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle-evacuation running") at least when abnormality occurs in the vehicle. In addition, safety is required to be sufficiently secured during the vehicle-evacuation running to the turnout. However, such a requirement has not been satisfied by the conventional fuel injection control system. An object of this invention is to provide a fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine, which is provided with at least permissible minimum running function practically required to drive an engine, and which can secure sufficient safety even during a vehicle-evacuation running using the permissible minimum running function. EP-A-194854 discloses the use of an accelerator dependent rpm for performing fuel cut to ensure a better operation even during limp home conditions caused by failures in the engine control system. Paper 87008, 16. ISATA, Florence 1987 (P 1-17, Fig. 1-4) discloses a fuel injection control system having a feedback control system for conducting a feedback control on the fuel injection of an internal combustion engine using a computer, the system including abnormality detection means for detecting abnormality of the feedback control system; and limp home circuit means for conducting an open loop control on the fuel injection of the internal combustion engine in place of the feedback control system when the abnormality of the feedback control system is detected by the abnormality detection means, thereby securing the permissible minimum driving function which is required to drive the internal combustion engine, the limp home circuit means including fuel cut means for intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value; and according to a first aspect of the present invention, such a system is characterised by the fuel cut means comprising a fuel cut valve for intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine; and by limp home circuit means comprising a limp home circuit for determining one of the opening and closing operations of the fuel cut means on the basis of a signal representing a rotating number of the internal combustion engine and a signal representing an accelerator opening degree and outputting a signal representing the determined operation to the fuel cut means. Paper 87008, 16. ISATA Florence 1987 (P 1-17, Fig. 1-4) discloses a fuel injection control method for controlling an fuel injection to an internal combustion engine with a control system, comprising the steps of: controlling a fuel injection operation in a feedback mode when a control system is in a normal state; detecting abnormality of the control system; controlling the fuel injection operation in an open loop mode while the abnormality of the control system lasts; switching the feedback mode to the open loop mode when the abnormality of the control system is detected; and intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine even at the open-loop control step when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value; and according to a second aspect of the present invention, such a method is characterised by the intercepting fuel supply being carried out by a fuel cut valve; and by the open loop mode control being carried out by a limp home circuit which determines one of the opening and closing operations of the fuel cut valve on the basis of a signal representing a rotating number of the internal combustion engine and a signal representing an accelerator opening degree and outputting a signal representing the determined operation to the fuel cut means. The fuel injection is controlled in a feedback mode at a normal state by the computer. When abnormality occurs in the feedback control system such as a CPU, a sensor system for the feedback control, a servo system for adjusting the injection amount, etc., in place of the feedback control system, the limp home circuit means is selected to control the fuel injection in an open-loop mode. For example, in a case of a vehicle, through this operation, the permissible minimum driving function (power) which is required for the vehicle-evacuation running to a proper safe place or the like can be secured. Even during the emergent driving operation (vehicle-evacuation running) for such an abnormality-occurrence case, the fuel supply is controlled to be forcedly stopped when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value to secure sufficient safety. In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of an embodiment according to this invention; Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a duty ratio determining method for an electric governor driving pulse in a limp home circuit of the embodiment as shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a determination method for opening and closing of a fuel cut valve in the limp home circuit of the embodiment as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of an embodiment of a control system for controlling a fuel injection amount of a diesel engine for a vehicle. In Fig. 1, a CPU 1 serves to control a fuel injection operation for an internal combustion engine when the system is in a normal state. The CPU 1 receives engine rotation pulses NE1 and NE2 from an engine (not shown) and an accel opening-degree signal ACC from an accelerator, and generates a first fuel cut valve signal FCV1 for indicating one of opening and closing states (operations) of a fuel cut valve with which fuel supply to the engine is intercepted, and a sleeve target-position signal usoll for indicating a target position of a control sleeve with which the fuel injection amount is adjusted. The CPU 1 also serves to monitor the operation status of a system for detecting the position of the control sleeve and a servo system for an electric governor, etc. (not shown), and generates an H-level error signal ERR when detecting abnormality of these systems. In addition, the CPU I generates a operation pulse PRUN at a constant period when it is normally operated. The sleeve target-position signal usoll output from the CPU 1 is input to a servo circuit 3. The servo circuit 3 receives a sleeve actual-position signal Vist from a control sleeve position sensor (not shown), and determines the duty ratio of a governor driving pulse for driving an electric governor (not shown) on the basis of deviation between the actual-position signal Vist and the target-position signal Vsoll to generate a duty-ratio signal GE(duty). The CPU 1 is provided with a watch dog timer 5 therein, or with a watch dog timer 7 at the external thereof (hereinafter referred to as "external watch dog timer"). The built-in watch dog timer 5 generates a reset signal RST when detecting abnormality of the CPU 1, and the reset signal RST is used as an internal reset for the CPU 1 and output to the external. The external watch dog timer 7 receives the operation pulse PRUN from the CPU 1, and generates a reset signal RST when detecting abnormality of the operation pulse PRUN (for example, intermission of the signal, abnormality of frequency, etc.). The reset signal thus output is fed back to the CPU 1 and used as an internal reset. The operation pulse PRUN output from the CPU 1 and the reset signal RST output from the built-in or external watch dog timer 5 or 7 are also input to a switch selection circuit 9. The switch selection circuit 9 comprises a flip-flop which is reset at the trailing edge of the reset signal RST, and generates a first select signal S1 of H-level during a period from a set time to a reset time. That is, the switch selection circuit 9 continues to generate the first select signal S1 from an abnormality-occurring time of the CPU 1 till a normality-restored time of the CPU 1. The error signal ERR output from the CPU 1 when the control sleeve position detection system or the governor servo system is in the abnormal state, and the first select signal S1 output from the switch selection circuit 9 when the CPU 1 is in the abnormal state, are guided to a third gate (OR gate) 11 to generate a second select signal S2 at the output side of the third gate 11. That is, when any one of the control sleeve position detection system, the governor servo system and the CPU 1 is in an abnormal state (hereinafter referred to as "system abnormal state"), the H-level second select signal S2 is generated. An analog limp home circuit 13 serves to control the fuel injection amount in the system abnormal state as described above. It receives the engine rotation pulse NE1 and the accel opening-degree signal ACC and determines the duty ratio of the electric governor driving pulse on the basis of these pulse NE1 and signal ACC to generate a second duty-ratio signal GE(duty)2. The limp home circuit 13 determines or selecting one of the opening and closing states (operations) of the engine fuel cut valve on the basis of the engine rotation pulse NE1 and the accel opening-degree signal ACC to generate a second fuel cut valve signal FCV2. The duty ratio and the method of determining (selecting) one of the opening and closing states (operations) of the fuel cut valve in the limp home circuit will be described later. The first duty-ratio signal GE(duty)1 output from the servo circuit 3 and the second duty-ratio signal GE(duty)2 output from the limp home circuit 13 are input to a first change-over switch 15. The first fuel cut valve signal FCV1 output from the CPU 1 and the second fuel cut valve signal FCV2 output from the limp home circuit 13 are also input to a second change-over switch 17. The first and second change-over switches 15 and 17 are controlled with the second select signal S2 from the third gate 11 in such a manner that the signals GE(duty)1 and FCV1 supplied from the CPU 1 side are selected when the select signal S2 is at a low level (that is, the system is in the normal state), and the signals GE(duty)2 and FCV2 supplied from the limp home circuit 13 are selected when the select signal S2 is at a high level (that is, the system is in the abnormal state). The signals thus selected by the change-over switches 15 and 17 are input to an over-run proof circuit 19 as the duty-ratio signal GE(duty) and the fuel cut valve signal FCV, respectively. The over-run proof circuit 19 serves to monitor the engine rotation pulses NE1 and NE2, and when the frequency of these pulses is lower than a predetermined value, it generates an electric governor driving pulse and a fuel cut valve driving pulse which correspond to the duty-ratio signal GE(duty) and the fuel cut valve signal FCV, respectively, On the other hand, when the frequency of the rotation pulses NE1 and NE2 exceeds the predetermined value, the over-run proof circuit 19 stops the supply of the electric governor driving pulse and the fuel cut valve driving pulse in order to prevent the over-run of the engine. According to the manner as described above, the CPU 1 serves to directly control the fuel injection amount in the feedback mode when the system is in the normal state, and the analog limp home circuit 13 is selected and serves to control the fuel injection amount in the open-loop mode when the system is in the abnormal state. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a determination method for the duty ratio of the electric governor driving pulse in the limp home circuit 13. As is apparent from Fig. 2, the duty ratio GE(duty) is so determined that the engine rotating number NE does not exceed the maximum rotating number which is determined in accordance with the accel opening-degree ACCEL at this time. Here, the maximum rotating number in accordance with the accel opening-degree ACCEL corresponds to an intercept value of a graph of the GE(duty) for each accel opening-degree ACCEL on the rotating number (NE) axis. For example, the maximum rotating number for accel opening-degree ACCEL = 0% corresponds to an idling rotating number N0, and the maximum rotating number for the accel opening-degree ACCEL = 100% corresponds to a predetermined engine rotating number N100 at which a vehicle can run with safety. The maximum rotating number for an intermediate accel opening-degree ACCEL between 0% and 100% corresponds to an intermediate value between N0 and N100, which is a value determined in proportion to the accel opening degree. Through the control of the duty ratio as described above, the permissible minimum running function required for evacuating the vehicle to a proper place (that is, the vehicle-evacuating running) can be secured. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a method of determining (selecting) one of the opening and closing states (operations) of the limp home circuit which is a main feature of this embodiment. As is apparent from Fig. 3, a threshold level (as indicated by a solid line) is calculated by summing a predetermined permissible excess amount Na and a maximum rotating number corresponding to each accel opening-degree ACCEL which is determined in Fig. 2, and the opening state of the valve is selected when the engine rotating number NE is lower than the threshold level while the closing state of the valve is selected when the engine rotating number NE is higher than the threshold level. That is, when the engine rotating number NE is higher than the maximum rotating number corresponding to each accel opening-degree ACCEL by the permissible excess amount Na, the fuel cut valve is closed to intercept the fuel supply to the engine. Therefore, the engine rotating number can be forcedly prevented from being excessively increased during the vehicle evacuation running, so that the safety can be sufficiently secured. According to this invention as described above, when the system abnormality occurs, the control operation of the limp home circuit is selected to secure the permissible minimum driving function with which the vehicle can be evacuated to a proper safe place. In addition, the fuel supply to the engine is forcedly intercepted even during the vehicle-evacuation running when the engine rotating number exceeds the predetermined value, so that safety can be sufficiently secured.

Claims: A fuel injection control system having a feedback control system for conducting a feedback control on the fuel injection of an internal combustion engine using a computer, the system including abnormality detection means for detecting abnormality of the feedback control system; and limp home circuit means (13) for conducting an open loop control on the fuel injection of the internal combustion engine in place of the feedback control system when the abnormality of the feedback control system is detected by the abnormality detection means, thereby securing the permissible minimum driving function which is required to drive the internal combustion engine, the limp home circuit means (13) including fuel cut means for intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value; characterised by the fuel cut means comprising a fuel cut valve for intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine; and by limp home circuit means (13) comprising a limp home circuit for determining one of the opening and closing operations of the fuel cut means on the basis of a signal representing a rotating number of the internal combustion engine and a signal representing an accelerator opening degree and outputting a signal representing the determined operation to the fuel cut means. A fuel injection control system according to claim 1, further including switch means (15,17) for switching the feedback control by the feedback control system to the open loop control by the limp home circuit means (13) when the abnormality of the feedback control system is detected by the abnormality detection means. A fuel injection control system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the feedback control system comprises a CPU (1). A fuel injection control system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the abnormality detection means comprises a watch dog timer (7) for generating a reset signal when the abnormality is detected. A fuel injection control method for controlling an fuel injection to an internal combustion engine with a control system, comprising the steps of: controlling a fuel injection operation in a feedback mode when a control system is in a normal state; detecting abnormality of the control system; controlling the fuel injection operation in an open loop mode while the abnormality of the control system lasts; switching the feedback mode to the open loop mode when the abnormality of the control system is detected; and intercepting fuel supply to the internal combustion engine even at the open-loop control step when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predetermined value; characterised by the intercepting fuel supply being carried out by a fuel cut valve; and by the open loop mode control being carried out by a limp home circuit which determines one of the opening and closing operations of the fuel cut valve on the basis of a signal representing a rotating number of the internal combustion engine and a signal representing an accelerator opening degree and outputting a signal representing the determined operation to the fuel cut means.

Inventors: KITANO YUICHI, KURIHARA KAZUMASA, SEKIGUCHI AKIRA, SHINAGAWA MASAHIKO, KITANO, YUICHI, KURIHARA, KAZUMASA, SEKIGUCHI, AKIRA, SHINAGAWA, MASAHIKO, Kitano, Yuichi, c/o Zexel Corporation, KURIHARA, KAZUMASA, C/O ZEXEL CORPORATION, SEKIGUCHI, AKIRA, C/O ZEXEL CORPORATION, Shinagawa, Masahiko, c/o Zexel Corporation
Applicants: ZEXEL CORP, ZEXEL CORPORATION
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F02D41
IPC codes: F02D41, F02D31