DEVICE AT A TRAILER

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device at a trailer (1), especially a boat trailer (10), which includes a chassis (1a) supported by wheels (1b) and a coupling device (1f) in the front for connecting the trailer (1) to a towing vehicle. A two-armed lever consists of arms (2a, 2b) which form an angle with each other and is pivoted in an axis of rotation (3) which is oriented transversally at the back of the trailer. The first arm of the lever (2a), which mainly points forward from the axis of rotation (3) has a length that exceeds or falls below the length of the other arm (2b) of the lever. The two lever-arms comprise parallel arm elements (2a1, 2b1; 2a2, 2b2), whose ends are connected to the ends of the axis of rotation and which at their outer ends are linked by transversal beams (2a3, 2b3). A winch tower (6) with a winch (1d) is provided at the front end of the trailer. The wire (1e) of the winch is adapted to run over the outer ends of the lever-arms (2a, 2b) and in its end is provided with lifting means for the object.

Description: Device at a trailer The present invention relates to a device at a trailer including a chassi supported by wheels, a coupling device in the front for connecting the trailer to a towing vehicle, and a winch to facilitate movement of an object along the trailer. In particular the invention relates to a lifting device at a boat trailer. When loading and unloading a trailer, it is in most cases necessary to move heavy objects vertically as well as horisontally to and from the trailer. If the object is heavy, access to a lifting device or assistance from other persons are usually required to perform the vertical movement. This leads to essential limitations with respect to the usefulness of trailer. At launching and loading of pleasure-boats it is common practice to make use of a special boat trailer and a slanting ramp by means of which the trailer can be driven down into and out of the water. As a result of this procedure the most sensitive details on the boat trailer are lowered into water, which might cause corrosion damages. Furthermore, it is usually necessary to be at least two persons when launching and loading with a boat trailer and a ramp; one person to handle the towing vehicle and the boat trailer and one person in the boat . The aim of the present invention is to provide a device at a trailer which eliminates said inconveniences and enables loading of a trailer by one person, especially launching and loading of a pleasure-boat from a quay, a pier or the like. In accordance with the invention this aim is obtained in that the device comprises a two-armed lever, whose arms form an angle with each other and are pivoted in an axis of rotation which is oriented transversally at the back of the trailer, at which the first arm of the lever, which mainly points forward from the axis of rotation, and has a length that exceeds or falls below the length of the other arm of the lever, in that the two lever-arms comprise parallel arm elements whose ends are connected to the ends of the axis of rotation and which at their outer ends are linked by transversal beams, at which the distance between the outer ends of the first arm exceeds or falls below the distance between the outer ends of the second arm and limits the width of objects that can be loaded on to or unloaded from the trailer; in that a winch tower with a winch is provided at the front end of the trailer, whereby the wire of the winch is adapted to run over the outer- ends of the lever- arms and at one end is provided with lifting means for the object; and in that the device includes means adapted to prevent motion between the lever-arms and the wire during predetermined stages of the loading or unloading of the object . To prevent said motion during the predetermined stages, said transversal beam is provided with a block through which the wire runs, which locks the wire in one direction and allows it to run in the other. Alternatively, said transversal beam is cylindrical and pivoted in the outer ends of the arms elements, the wire is guided at least one turn around the cylindrical beam and said means comprises a cotter that slides into the cylindrical beam from the arm element to prevent the rotation of said beam. In accordance with another characteristic feature of the invention the device includes a second winch, whereby loading and unloading respectively is facilitated, especially when it is to be performed by one person, and whose wire is adapted to be connected to one end of the object and which is adapted to pull the object forward when it is to be placed on the chassi, whereafter the wire of the first winch is loosened. In accordance with another characteristic feature of the invention the second arm of the lever can be lowered against the front end of the trailer when the arm is not used for lifting. To facilitate the raising and lowering of the two arms of the lever, these arms are provided with elastic means which reduce the manual force required to extend the lever. According to another characteristic feature for the invention the second arm of the lever is formed by the frame of the trailer, which in a transportation state is fixed to the chassi of the trailer. To facilitate the loading and unloading of the trailer the axis of rotation is placed behind the trailer platform and is vertically lowered so that the upper part of the axis lies on the same level as the platform. Furthermore, said lifting device can be connected to a dynamometer, whereby a direct indication regarding the weight of the object is provided. According to the invention, full security from tilting of the trailer during loading or unloading and from damages on the towing device for the towing vehicle as well as on the corresponding coupling device on the trailer is assured in that the device comprises at least one support leg, which is mounted at the back of the chassi and can be turned down or turned up. In a special embodiment this support leg is detachably mounted. According to a final characteristic feature for the invention said device is placed on a boat trailer. In the following the inventioned will be explained with reference to the drawing, in which Fig. 1 - Fig. 3 show the lever arm at different stages of loading or unloading with the device according to the invention mounted on a conventional trailer and Fig. 4 - Fig. 6 different stages of launching of a boat with the device according to the invention mounted on a boat trailer. In the drawing 1 generally indicates a conventional trailer with a chassi la, wheels lb and a winch Id whose wire le is coupled to an object and which is to be used for the transfer. The trailer is equipped with coupling means If of conventional type to couple the trailer to a motor vehicle with a towing device . To facilitate the loading and unloading of objects, the trailer according to the invention is equipped with a device that comprises a two-armed lever 2, whose arms 2a, 2b can form an angle with each other. Said angle preferably exceeds the right angle, approximately 100°. The lever 2 is pivoted in an axis 3 which is mounted across the back of the chassi. The arm 2a essentially extends forward from the axis 3 toward said coupling means If and has a length that differs from the length of the other arm 2b. Both arms comprise two parallel arm elements 2al, 2bl; 2a2, 2b2, which are connected to the ends of the rotation axis 3 and linked by transversal beams 2a3, 2b3 at their outer ends. The distance between the arm elements 2al, 2bl and 2a2, 2b2 limits the width of the objects for which the device can be used. In the embodiment which is shown in the drawing, the angle between the arms is determined by a rod 2ab, which is detachably mounted between the arms 2a and 2b. The centre of gravity of the trailer can be displaced by a variation of this angle. Said winch Id is in many cases satisfactory for the handling of an object when loading and unloading a trailer and in particular when launching and loading a boat, but in the following it will be appearant that it is favourable to use an additional winch, as is shown in the drawing. The wire le of the winch Id runs across the transversal beams 2a3 , 2b3 at the outer ends of the lever arms 2a, 2b and has lifting eye bolts at the end. In accordance with the invention, means to prevent relative motion between the lever arm 2b and the wire le during predetermined stages of launching or loading of a boat are provided for reasons which will be clear from the following. In the embodiment according to Fig 1- Fig 3 a block 4 is provided on the upper horisontal beam where the wire le runs on the lever arm 2b, which block allows the wire to run in one direction and locks the wire in the other direction to prevent the lever from moving in relation to the wire when this is not desired. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4- Fig. 6, the same function is achieved in that the transversal beam 10b3 between the arm elements lObl and 10b2 is cylindrical and rotatably mounted in these elements . The wire 7el is guided at least one turn around the transversal beam 10b3 and a cotter 10b4 is included that can be inserted from the arm element 10b2 into the cylindrical beam 10b3 to prevent rotation of the beam to prevent relative motion between the construction and the wire at this stage. The relative motion must be possible again at a later stage. To increase the stability at loading or unloading of an object support legs 7c are provided at the back of the trailer, which support legs can be turned down or turned up or is detachably attached. In the following the process of loading a boat on to the trailer will be explained in detail with reference to Fig. 4 - Fig. 6. The launching is accomplished in an analog manner, but in reversed order. By means of the towing vehicle, the trailer 7 is parked as close to the end of the quay or the pier as possible. If the boat is a rowing-boat, which is not very heavy, it is unnecessary to turn down the support legs 7c; the towing vehicle 9 then functions as the necessary counterweight. When handling boats with motors the support legs should always be turned down so that the strain is not excessive on the towing device and the coupling device. When the arm elements are lowered, i.e. moving freely around the axis 11, the telescopically extendable arm elements lObl, 10b2 are pulled out to such a length the boat 8 goes free from the side of the quay or the pier when the lifting eye bolts 7e2 are applied at the centre of gravity. In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the arm elements are manually pulled out and the telecopical arm elements can be locked in relationship to each other by means of a cotter. The arm is then raised and the rods lOab is mounted. It is evident that other known solutions are possible, e.g. motorcontrol, when it is not required for the arm 10b to be turned down. When the crank of the winch is turned and the wire 7el is winched back onto the winch, the boat 8 is lifted out of the water. The wire 7el runs across the transversal beams 10a3, 10b3 and through a mechanical balancing, for which the angle between the lever arms 10a, 10b is important, the lever arm 10b is lifted while the lever arm 10a is lowered. Said angle is important since it eliminates the need to give the lifting device an initial push to make it pass the position of balance and thereby make the boat pass over the edge of the quay. When the two lever arms 10a, 10b have about the same angle to the horisontal plane (Fig. 5) , it is suitable to prevent rotation of the transversal beam 10b3 by means of the cotter 10b4 to lock the wire 7el in relation to the beam. The mechanical balancing, which resulted in the lifting of the boat 8, then ceases. It is now also suitable to couple the wire 12a of the winch 12 to the stem of the boat 8 to be able to control its movements when it is lifted in over the boat trailer by the winching of the wire 7el . This is obtained in that the angle to the horisontal plane for the arm elements lObl, 10b2 is increased gradually while the corresponding angle for the lever arm 10a is decreased until the arm rests on the chassi 7a. The boat 8 is now drawn forward by means of the winch 12, while the tension in wire 7el is released so that the boat finally rests on the means 7d that consist of rollers. Finally the rods 7ab are released so that the arm 7b can be turned down and telescoped into the normal position. The loading is now finished and transportation can take place after the boat 8 has been tied up and the support legs 7c have been turned up.

Claims: Claims 1. Device at a trailer (1) including a chassi (la) supported by wheels (lb) and a coupling device (If) in the front for connecting the trailer (1) to a towing vehicle, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the device comprises a two-armed lever, whose arms (2a, 2b) form an angle with each other and are pivoted in an axis of rotation (3) , which is oriented transversally at the back of the trailer, at which the first arm of the lever (2a) , which mainly points forward from the axis of rotation (3) , and has a length that exceeds or falls below the length of the other arm (2b) of the lever; in that the two lever-arms comprise parallel arm elements (2al, 2bl; 2a2, 2b2) , whose ends are connected to the ends of the axis of rotation and which at their outer ends are linked by transversal beams (2a3, 2b3) , at which the distance between the outer ends of the first arm exceeds or falls below the distance between the outer ends of the second arm and limits the width of objects that can be loaded on to or unloaded from the trailer, in that a winch tower (6) with a winch (Id) is provided at the front end of the trailer, whereby the wire (le) of the winch is adapted to run over the outer ends of the lever-arms (2a, 2b) and at one end is provided with lifting means for the object;; and in that the device also includes as means adapted to prevent motion between the lever- arms (2a, 2b) and the wire (le) during predetermined stages of the loading or unloading of the object. 2. Device in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r ¬ i z e d in that the transversal beam of the second lever (2b) is provided with a block (4) through which the wire (le) runs, which locks the wire in one direction and allows it to run in the other direction or in that the transversal beam (10b3) of the second lever is cylindrical and pivoted in the outer ends (lObl, 10b2) of the arms elements, in that the wire (7el) is guided at least one turn around the cylindri- cal beam (10b3) and in that said organ comprises a cotter that slides in the cylindrical beam (10b3) from the arm element to prevent the rotation of said beam. 3. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it comprises a second winch (5) , whose wire is adapted to be connected to one end of the object and which is adapted to pull the object forward when it is to be placed on the chassi (la) , whereafter the wire (le) of the first winch (Id) is loosened. 4. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the second arm (2b) of the lever for a transportation state can be turned down against the front end of the trailer. 5. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the arms (2a, 2b) of the lever are provided with elastic means to facilitate the transformation from transportation state to a liftinσ state. 6. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the length of the lever-arms (2a, 2b) exceeds the length of the trailer and that the distance between the parallel arm elements (2al, 2bl; 2a2, 2b2) of the two lever-arms exceeds the width of the trailer so that the lever- arms (2a, 2b) do not occupy any loading space in the transportation state. 7. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that, the second arm (2b) of the lever is formed by the frame of the trailer, which in a transportation state is fixed to the chassi of the trailer. 8. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the axis of rotation (3) is placed behind the trailer platform and vertically lowered so that the upper part of the axis lies on the same level as the platform. 9. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a'r a c t e r i z e d in that the lifting means are connected to a dynamometer. 10. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the device comprices at least one support leg (lc) , which can be turned down or turned up or is detachably attached. 11. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims, c h a r c t e r i z e d in that the device is placed on a boat trailer (10) . 12. Device in accordance with any of the preceeding claims characterized in that the second arm (10b) is telescopically extendable.

Inventors: ALTNAES MARTIN, FREDRIKSSON MATTIAS, ALTNAES, MARTIN, FREDRIKSSON, MATTIAS
Applicants: ALTNAES MARTIN, FREDRIKSSON MATTIAS, SWEDISH MERCORING HB
Application year: 1993
Main classification: B60P3
IPC codes: B60P3, B62D63