MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE

Abstract: The assembly consists of three closed and floating tanks, joined by levers and locks fixation of the tanks, which perform a shuttle movement. This shuttle movement is transmitted by levers which turn around a common central shaft, and is transformed into an oscillating and opposed movement by cog wheels, crowns or pinions on one hand, and racks, on the other and transformed again into a gyrating movement. By means of the union of adjustable connecting-rods, adjustable levers, or adjustable levers of the equalizing type with racks, this type of movement increased or decreased. Another means to take advantage of this shuttle movement is through pulling cables to move shafts joined to a mechanical system. The rotating movement of the cog wheels, or pinions, or crowns, or crowns with ratchets by means of shafts, pinions and crowns with or without ratchets drives: 1) a flywheel; 2) a clutch system; 3) a gear box; 4) and finally, the rotor of an alternator or dynamo. Figures show several optional models and also operating mechanisms.

Description: MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE - DESCRIPTION This model pertains to an Eletric Energy Generator using the // 'mechanical power generated by the motion of the sea waves. Currently , - the eletric generators obtain energy by means of the potential energy of the dammed water (hydroeletric plants), through the burning of fuels (thermoeletric plants), through the use of atomic energy (nuclear power plants) and by using motors (electromechanical generators). The aforementioned model, the object of our analysis, has the // _ purpose of obtaining said energy by availing of sea waves, based on the following: 1st) The floating capacity of the closed bodies with a density // below that of water; 2nd) The force of gravity; - 3rd) The difference of height between the base or hollow and the / crest of the waves. In order to obtain a greater efficiency of the marine energy // generator, same should be installed on sities with larger waves (a // greater difference between the base or hollow part and the crest of the - wave. The assembly making up the Marine Energy Generator shall be // located near the coast (in order to reduce the transmission cable // requirements) and on a site where the waves present a uniform modula-// tion. Such assembly shall be firmly anchored on the site where it - shall remain stationed, in order to prevent it from being dislodged // from its place through the action of marine currents or strong winds. Said model shall be better understood by means of the attached // drawing, which are an integral part of this report and sbhmatically // represent: - Fig. 01 - Side view of the assembly Fig. 02 - Front view of the assembly Fig. 03 - Top view of the assembly Fig. 04 - Side view of the operating mechanism Fig. 05 - Top view _ Fig. 06 - Perspective view of the assembly Fig. 07 - Other options for the same principle (figures a, b, c, d e and f) . As shown on the attached figures, Marine Energy Generator II is / made up of a set of three floating tanks (1) in the horizontal direction, - interlock for fixation of the tanks (2), counterweights to maintain the vertical position of the tanks (3) and levers (4) having racks (6) and levers (5) with cog wheels (7). The distance between the tanks of the ends shall be equivalent to •the sea wave, so that when the tanks of the ends are on the crests of _ the waves, the one of the center lies on the base, such position // inverting when the wave approaches (the longitudinal position of the tanks is perpendicular to the length of the wave.)- In order to prevent the side movement of the tanks that are at the ends of the assembly (formation of the hypothenuse in the _ triangulation), a certain degree of play is allowed by a set of springs, where the interlocks and levers of the external tanks are // fixed. This shuttle movement is transmitted by levers that turn around a common shaft in the center, and by an oscillating movement on their / - upper part, in the horizontal and opposed direction, between the rack (6) and the cog wheels (7). The latter, provided with ratchets, by means of crowns and pinions transmit the movement to the shaft (9), in a single direction (when the cog wheels turn to the left, just ' one transmit the movement, when they turn to the right, the other one does) - This shaft (9) has in its center a crown provided with ratchets so that it will transmit the movement to the shaft (10), by means of pinions, only in one direction, and shall prevent them from stopping/ when the cog wheels invert their movement. The latter shaft (10) // moves a handwheel (11) which transmits to a shaft (12), at an _ approximately constant speed, by means of a pinion, the rotary / movement that finally, by means of crowns and pinions, turn the rotor of the alternator (13), which may be installed in a vertical or horizontal position (13a). The ideal situation is that said connection be provided with clutch and gear box. All pinions and - crowns should be sized in such a manner to enable the alternador // rotor to reach an adequate rotation speed and in such a way that the alternador (13) shall have a size and power complying with the dimension of the set of tanks, the one of the center having twice as much as lateral ones, when the mechanism is in the center. _ Example of central tank: Diameter: 06 meters Length: 50 meters 28,3 x 50 = 1413,7 = 45% = 636. This means that the central assembly (tank and lever), for the aforementioned dimensions should . weigth about 636 tons, and the side tanks, half each, should weigh about - 318 tons. A vertical movement of 75 Kg/s = 1 HP/636^000 : 75=8480 HP and 8480 x 0.75 = 6.360 Kw (the sizes of the assemblies / vary, depending on the type of the region where they are installed, size if the waves and may have than a set of levers - per assembly) . Said principle offers others options with side lever: Fig. 07 (a) and (b), alternators on the side of the drum at the bow of small and medium size ships, Fig-. 07 (c) and / (d); when not in use, it is tied to the upper part of the bow, - hinged to small size ships, Fig. 07 (e) and (f); the same prijn ciple can be compressing air and other applications. According to the aforementioned lever principle, levers may be of the single or compound type, this including opera tion with connecting rods and equalizing levers, the options / - of models under said principle being various. Example of other optional models: Fig. 08 - Side view of the assembly with compound levers Fig. 08a - Side view of the operating mechanism Fig. 08b - Front view of the operating mechanism - Fig. 09 - View of the assembly with gear and rack on the side Fig. 09a - Top view of the assembly Fig. 10 - Lateral view of the assembly acting directly on the sides, on compressors or alternators Fig. 10a Top view - F Fiigg.. 1 111 ~ Side view of multiple assembly (big dimensions) Fig. 11a Top view Fig. 12 Side view of platform type assembly Fig. 12a Top view Fig. 13 Side view of the mixed assembly - F Fiigg.. 1 133aa - Top view Fig. 14 Side view of assembly of compound levers Fig. 14a Top view Fig. 1 155 - Side view of the system that actuates by cable traction Fig. 15a Top view - F Fiigg.. 1 166 - Sketch of the mechanism of operation of assembly 15 and 15a Fig. 17 Sectional view of the sea coast and form of mastering the waves in order to obtain a better operation of the marine / energy generator assembly II measures a, b, c and As can be seen from the attached figures, the most relevant / of each assembly are: In figure 08, the assembly with compound levers enables a great power of adaptation to the various sizes of sea waves, because it has a _ mechanism that displaces through the levers the upper fixation shaft of the tanks, thereby changing the distance between them (1). The mechanism can be displaced between levers (2) (compound levers) or betweend connecting rods and equalizing levers (3). The aforementioned mechanism can operate by means of steels chains and cable with an inter - - locking type of brakes to fix the shaft on the desired place, or by means/ of a worm gear (that drives but is not driven), taking care to move / simultaneously the mechanism sidewise upon the joint operation. In figures 08a and 08b we have the operating system consisting in the lever with rack (4), pinions (5), transmission shaft (6), crowns with/ _ ratchenets (7) to move in one single direction the pinion (8) which moves/ a transmission shaft (9) with handwheels (10), clutch system (11), gear box (12) that finally transmits the rotation movement to the rotor of alternator (13) and (14). Figures 09 and 09a show an assembly with low gravity center, with - ra, ck and pinions on the side and the mechanism on the center, with an average adaptation power for the different sizes of the sea waves. Another alternative is a shaft which transmits movement to the mechanism that lies on the side (Figure d). Figure 10 and 10a show an assembly with low gravity center, but in _ which the distance between the tanks is fixed, The mechanism operates on the sides, on compressors and generators, the compressor cylinders having a variable length through the action of the hydraulic mechanism. Figures 11 and 11a show a multiple assembly of great dimensions , fixed (except in the smaller tanks of the ends), but that can move in _ order to adapt to the various type of waves. Figure 12 and 12a show a platform type assembly of 1 1/2 wavelength with an operating mechanism similar to the assembly of Fig. 08. This assembly is characterized by the fact that it has a minimum shuttle // movement in the vertical direction on its platform, because the shaft / _ that is supported on the structure is located between the tanks that / swing. This same model may have two wavelengths. Figure 13 and 13a show a combination of levers, connecting rods / and equalizing type adjustable levers. Figure 14 and 14a are a side view of assembly of compound levers/ which can drive a piston or cog wheels. This type of lever can greatly / intensify the vertical movement. Figures 15 and 15a present the assembly showing another alternati¬ ve of the. operating mechanism. - As shown in Fig. 16, one cable (1) that is pulled when the medium/ tank is in the rising stroke moves a pulley (2) with two diameters, which in its turn moves the cable (3) with its larger diameter, up to the shaft (4), which joins in the center the two levers. The cable continues up to shaft (5) which drives to one sole direction by means of a ratchet system - (6) the handwheel (7) that, through a shaft (8) communicates movement to a clutch system (9), to a gear box (10) and finally to the generator (11). A counterweight running vertically on the lever that holds wheel (2), by means of a cable (13) keeps the assembly permanently pulled (it holds the shaft (5) in the opposite direction of the cable (3) ). _ According to Fig. 17, we have a system to decrease the length of the waves and increasing their height, according to the following prin - ciples: 1 - the length of the wave (on the coast) corresponds to twice the depth where it is located; - 2 - the bottom of the marine bed (c) is filled (like a submarine / dike) up to length required; 3 - the width of the filling (a), the depth (b) with an adequate / angle will give the characteristics of the wave that passes above the submarine dike. - NOTE: Upon calculation of depth (b), measurements of the tides on the site shall be taken into account.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, characteri¬ zed by the fact that it is formed by a set of 3 closed and floating tanks , the one in the middle having a volume twice as great as each of the tanks _ at the ends, their longitudinal axis remaining arranged in a position // parallel to the wave train and the distance between the axes of the tanks/ that are at the ends is equivalent to a wavelength. 2. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - ance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the union between them is - by means of interlocks and levers of various forms, depending on the model, with hinged (articulable) shafts located on the upper or lower part of the tanks. Adjustable rolling bearings on the lower hinged ends of the levers/ enable the assembly to leave the same horizontal plane in a direction // perpendicular to the waves. _ 3. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - ance with Claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the interlocks or levers have a commom or similar shaft on the upper part of the central // tank. 4. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - - ance with Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized by the fact the interlocks or hinged lever has. on the end opposed to the common shaft, an arc shaped // rack system, having its origin radius on the common shaft of the hinge of the center fo the assembly, and on the same place the other lever or inter¬ lock has a set of cogwheels. - 5. MARINE ENERGY GENERATO II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - ance with Claims 1, 2 , 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that the levers/ and inte locks transform the vertical shuttle movement of the waves into/ an oscillating movement in the opposed direction, between the rack and the set of cogwheels. - 6. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - ance with Claims 4 and 5, characterized by the fact that the cogwheels have a ratchet system to move in one sole direction, by means of crowns and // pinions, one shaft having a crown with ratchet system by means of a pinion/ that moves the main transmission shaft at an approximately constant rotati- _ on speed. 7. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ONTHE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli - ance with Claims 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that the main trans - mission shaft conveys the -rotary movement of the lever end to upper part/ of the middle tank, if it is rigid, or of the side tank, if it is rigid, or - of the side tank, if it is hinged (fig. 9B), to the point after a new // hinging mechanism, and by means of crowns, shafts and pinions, to the // interiof of the tank, to move a flywheel, and then a coupling or clutch / system, a gearbox and then rotor of the alternator or dynamo which, on / account of its position, also serves as counterwheight on the tank. - 8. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in comply ance with Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in another model by the fact / that the central lever moves a side lever (fig. 8), which transforms the vertical shuttle movement into an oscillating horizontal movement, this / movement by means of a connecting rod is transmitted to an equalizing // - type lever with an arc of circumference on the opposed end provided with/ racks, having as radius the central axis of the lever. 9. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in compli ance with Claim 8, characterized by the fact that the equalizing type // lever of the rack moves a cogwheel that, by means of a shaft, transmits / - the rotary movement to the interior of the tank, moves the crowns provi - ded with ratchets in the opposed direction between them (figs 8A and 8B), what causes rotation of a pinion in a single direction, which moves a flywheel through shafts, and then a coupling or clutch system, a gearbox/ and then the rotor of the alternato or dynamo. - 10. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in com - j.liance with Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in another model, but " HI following the same principle, by the fact that the levers transform the vertical shuttle movement of the waves into a similar movement of hori - zontal form but opposed direction between the levers (figs. 15 and 15A) , - to the end of pulling a steel cable that, by means of a speed booster , moves a shaft provided with ratchets, then a flywheel, a coupling system, a gearbox and finally the rotor of the alternator or dynamo, a counter - weight that slides vertically through the lever and keeps the main cable stretched. 11. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in com - pliance with Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized by the fact it has a system that slides through union hinges, either through interlocks or // levers and tanks, between levers, or between equalizer type oscillating / levers and connecting rods, changing the distance between the hinged // shafts and thus an entire complex of forces; this system may operate by means of endless gears provided with motive force, or through a sliding system with brakes to lock it on the desired place. 12. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in com - pliance with Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in another model , by the / fact that the levers or interlocks on one of the ends or on both ends // (fig. 10 and 10A), have cylinders, preferably of the adjustable type, // and by means of pistons compress the air or create a vacuum of air or other gases, operating as a compressor, or in the case of liquids, // operating as a pump. 13. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in com - pliance with Claims 1 through 9, characterized by the fact it is a multi¬ ple assembly (figs, 11), with 2 wavelengβts or more, or with platform // type shape )fig 12), with 1 1/2 or 2 wavelengths, the union between two tanksbeing by separattion of 1/2 wavelength between their longitudinal / axis. 14. MARINE ENERGY GENERATOR II BASED ON THE LEVER PRINCIPLE, in com - pliance with Claims 4 through 13, characterized by the fact the assembly/ _ is fixed preferably near the coast, where the waves present a uniform and regular advance train, the assembly being firmly anchored in the correct/ position by means of steel chains and cables to prevent marine currents / and strong winds from removing it from its place. " In order to increase/ the efficiency of the assembly, a submarine stone barrier (fig. 17), of - length C, depth up to the upper part B,and width A with an incidence // angle decreases the wavelength and increases the wave height.

Inventors: BUSTOS NELSON SABINO JAQUE, BUSTOS, NELSON, SABINO, JAQUE
Applicants: BUSTOS NELSON SABINO JAQUE, BUSTOS, NELSON, SABINO, JAQUE
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F03B13
IPC codes: F03B13