Compressive hemostatic belt

Abstract: This invention relates to a compressive hemostatic belt wherein a cup-shaped rigid case (3) is attached by an attaching device to a predetermined position on a band (1) made of non-stretchable or low-stretchable fiber, nonwoven fabric or film, and a balloon (4) adapted to be inflated by being filled with fluid is received in the rigid case (3). Preferably, at least the portion of the band (1) which corresponds to the leg when the band is wrapped around the body is shaped in curve form. Buckles (11) may be attached to the opposite ends of the band (1) and a buckle attaching plate may be attached to the rigid case (3). One end of the band (1) may be provided with projections so that when the band (1) is wrapped around the body, the other end of the band (1) is thrusted on the projections to fix the band (1) in position. If the band (1) is made of adhesive material, more reliable fixing can be achieved. A check valve (5) adapted to prevent fluid from flowing back from the balloon (4) may be removably connected to the balloon (4) to provide for reuse of the check valve (5).

Description: The present invention relates to a compressive hemostatic belt used to stop bleeding from a catheter insertion wound upon completIon of an arterial catheter examination. Recently, arterial catheter examinations have been made for contrast medium-using diagnosis of hearts or cerebral blood vessels. Cardiac catheter examinations are made by surgical operation in a few cases but in most cases by the so-called catheter puncture method which moves a catheter from the femoral artery or vein in the inguinal region to the heart. In this examination method, a contrast medium or various medicines are injected through the catheter puncturing the femoral artery or vein in the Inguinal region or various preoperative and postoperative examinations are conducted. In this connection, there is a need to compress the catheter insertion wound for a relatively long time in order to stop bleeding from the catheter insertion wound owing to extraction of the catheter from the femoral artery or vein in the inguinal region. Compressive hemostatic methods using adhesive plasters or stretchable belts (see Japanese Patent Application Disclosure Nos. 92746/1985 and 198139/1985) have heretofore been proposed as compressive hemostatic means for such wounds. In the former method, a gauze is applied to the wound and 3 or 4 fabric adhesive plasters are applied to said gauze to compress the wound from above the gauze and a sand bag having a controlled weight of 500 - 1000 g is placed on said adhesive plasters, said sand bag being fixed in position by adhesive plasters and maintained in this state for 12 - 24 hours. In this method, however, the sand bag tends to deviate from the region to be compressed, resulting in incomplete hemostasis. Further, the use of adhesive plasters causes such drawbacks to the patient as a stiffening feel, pain and itch and favours the development of skin Inflammation and blisters. On the other hand, in the latter method, which uses a stretchable belt, the way of wrapping the belt is complicated and the resulting compressive load is unstable. Further, the use of stretchable belts leads to high cost and they can hardly be thrown away after single use in spite of the fact that reuse involves a hygienic problem of causing hemo-infectious diseases. Therefore, they must be sterilized for prevention of hemo-infectious diseases before they can be reused, imposing limitations not only from a hygienic standpoint but also from the standpoint of enhancing labour saving for nurses. With the above problems in mind, I have proposed, in European Patent Application No. 0 514 026, a compressive hemostatic belt shown in Fig. 15, as means for stopping bleeding from a wound. This compressive hemostatic belt comprises a pocket 122 in a predetermined position on a band 121 made of non-stretchable or low-stretchable fiber or film, a rigid case 123 and a balloon 124 which are received in said pocket 122. The rigid case 123 is a rigid member made of synthetic resin or the like in bowl form. Further, the balloon 124 is made of rubber or the like and received in the rigId case 123 with a fluid feed tube 126 having a check valve 125 in the pocket 122 and projecting outside. The fluid feed tube 126 for the balloon 124 will have a manual pump 127 and a pressure gauge 128 connected thereto according to the need. Looking at the pressure gauge 128, the operator operates the pump 127, whereby fluid is fed through the fluid feed tube 126 to fill the balloon 124 so that the latter is inflated. A description of the way of using the compressive hemostatic belt described above will now be given. As shown In Fig. 16, a gauze B is applied to a catheter insertion wound A and the pocket 122 having the rigid case 123 and balloon 124 received therein is placed on said gauze with the open side of the rigid case 123 directed to the gauze B, whereupon, as shown in Fig. 17, the band 121 is wrapped around the patient's body. That is, the band 121 is wrapped around the leg to cross itself in X-form and the remaining portion is wrapped around the patient's waist one or more turns, the free end being fixed in position by an adhesive plaster. Thereafter, the operator connects the manual pump 127 and pressure gauge 128 to the fluid feed tube 126 of the balloon 124 and, looking at the pressure gauge, operates the pump 127 to fill the balloon 124 with fluid. As shown in phantom lines in Fig. 16, the balloon 124 is inflated against the wound A with the rigid case 123 limiting its inflation to the opposite side, thereby compressing the wound A via the gauze B, the band 121 being firmly fixed to the patient. Since the above compressive hemostatic belt compresses the wound A by utilizing the inflation of the balloon 124 in the manner described above, It is possible to compress the wound A alone with no compressive feeling transmitted to the other parts of the patient's body. Operating the pump 127 while looking at the pressure gauge 128 allows the selection of the desired size of the compressive force to be applied to the wound A. The selected compressive force being applied to the wound A can be maintained for a long time by the check valve 125. Since a non-stretchable or low-stretchable fabric Is used for the band 121, the occurrence of a stiffening feel, pain or itch can be avoided and so can skin Inflammation and blisters. Further, the belt can be presented at low cost and thrown away after single use. Other remarkable effects are also developed in respect of improvements in hygiene and enhanced labour saving. Since the conventional compressive hemostatic belt has its band 121 made in straight form, the fitness of the belt as wrapped in X form around the leg is poor, producing positional deviation or slack during a long period of compressive hemostasis, resulting in unsatisfactory compression of the wound. The portions of the belt wrapped around the patient's leg and waist tend to form wrinkles, thus developing an uncomfortable feeling in the patient and positional deviation or slack is produced by wrinkles or twist, making it difficult to provide a stabilized compressive force. Further, the end of the band 121 is locked by locking means, such as a double-coated tape or magic tape. Such double-coated tapes or magic tapes tend to decrease their adhesive power during repeated use. There is a danger of the band slacking or coming off during wearing. Since the position where the locking means is fastened differs from patient's figure to figure, several bands different in length have to be prepared according to patients' figures. In the compressive hemostatic belt described above, a check valve is attached to the outer end of the fluid feed tube 126 in order to hold the fluid in the balloon 124 for a long time. Since this check valve 125 should have a holding power of more than 24 hours, It is made in precision construction in consideration of reliability, leading to a high cost. Thus, the cost of the check valve 125 is high and if this compressive hemostatic belt is thrown away after single use, It becomes expensive and is disadvantageous from an economic point of view. The check valve 125 has to be constructed to allow fluid to flow in and out. However, the check valve 125 constructed to allow fluid to flow In and out is complicated in construction and expensive, leading to an increase in the cost of the compressive hemostatic belt and making it uneconomical to throw away the belt after single use. Further, the check valve constructed to allow fluid to flow in and out does not allow fluid to flow out in the state in which the connecting hose of the fluid flow in- and-out pump 127 is connected. Thus, when the fluid is pumped into the balloon 124 by the fluid flow in-and-out pump 127, the compressive force can be ascertained by the pressure gauge 128, but it cannot be ascertained when the fluid flows out of the balloon 124. Thus, adjustment of the compressive force has been very inconvenient. An object of the present invention is to provide a compressive hemostatic belt having improved fitness on the body, prevented from wrinkling and twisting, and designed so that the band can be easily wrapped and the ends of the band can be easily locked. Another object of the present invention is to provide a compressive hemostatic belt prevented from coming off or slacking after being wrapped and wherein a single type is sufficient for all band lengths. Another object of the invention is to provide a compressive hemostatic belt which is sufficiently inexpensive to be advantageously thrown away after a single use. A further object of the invention is to provide a compressive hemostatic belt designed for convenient adjustment of compressive force and a fluid flow in-and-out pump for use with it. Accordingly the invention provides a compressive hemostatic belt comprising a single band of non-stretchable or low-stretchable fiber, non-woven fabric or film; a rigid case attached to a predetermined position on one side of said band; a balloon received in said rigid case adapted to be inflated by being filled with a fluid; characterised by a buckle attaching plate basing engaging means on the opposite sides thereof, said buckle attaching plate being rotatably attached to said rigid case; and a pair of buckles attached to opposite ends of said band and engageable with said engaging means of said buckle attaching plate. In an embodiment the buckles are formed with engaging holes, while said buckle attaching plate is provided with engaging members engageable with said engaging boles, said buckles being removably mounted on the buckle attaching plate by utilizing the engagement between said engaging boles and said engaging members. The engaging holes and said engaging members may be circular or rectangular in shape. In an embodiment a predetermined portion of each of the buckles is bifurcated to form a pair of elastic engaging elements having engaging pawls, while said buckle attaching plate is formed with a pair of grooved frames having insertion grooves for receiving said elastic engaging elements, said frames being spaced a predetermined distance in opposed relation to each other, the arrangement being such that said elastic engaging elements are inserted in the insertion grooves of said grooved frames to engage the engaging pawl a of the elastic engaging elements with end edges of the grooved frames so as to removably mount the buckles on the buckle attaching plate. The balloon preferable has a fluid feed tube and a check valve mounted to said tube. The invention will now be described in more detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a plan view of a compressive hemostatic belt according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view showing a buckle attaching plate of the belt; Fig. 3 is a front view of a balloon; Fig. 4 is a sectional view of said balloon; Fig. 5A is a plan view of the buckle attaching plate; Fig. 5B is a front view of said plate; Fig. 5C is a side view of said plate; Figs. 6A and 6B are perspective views for explaining how to tighten the compressive hemostatic belt; Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of the end of the compressive hemostatic belt showing the joining of the buckle; Fig. 8 is a sectional view of said view; Fig. 9A is a plan view of the buckle attaching plate; Fig. 9B is a front view of the buckle attaching plate; Fig. 9C is a side view of the buckle attaching plate; Fig. 10A is a plan view of a buckle attaching plate having an engaging member of different shape; Fig. 10B is a front view of said attaching plate; Fig. 10C is a side view of said attaching plate; Fig. 11A is a plan view of a buckle having an engaging hole of different shape; Fig. 11B is a front view of said buckle; Fig. 11C is a side view of said buckle; Fig. 12 is a plan view of a buckle and a buckle attaching plate which are joined together in a different embodiment; Fig. 13A is a plan view of a buckle attaching plate used in said different embodiment; Fig. 13B is a front view of said attaching plate; Fig. 13C is a side view of said attaching plate; Fig. 14A is a plan view of a buckle used in said different embodiment; Fig. 14B Is a front view of said buckle; Fig. 14C is a side view of said buckle; Fig. 15 is a plan view of a conventional compressive hemostatic belt; Fig. 16 is a side view of a balloon mounted on an affected part; Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a balloon mounted on an affected part. Fig. 1 is a plan view of a compressive hemostatic belt according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged plan view of said compressive hemostatic belt; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged bottom view of said compressive hemostatic belt; and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged longitudinal sectional view of said compressive hemostatic belt. As shown in Figs. 1 through 4, the compressive hemostatic belt according to the present invention has a rigid case 22 suitably attached to a predetermined position on a band 21 made of non-stretchable or low-stretchable fiber, non-woven fabric or film. A balloon 23 capable of being inflated by being filled with fluid is received in said rigid case 22. A buckle attaching plate 24 is rotatably attached to the rigid case 22, and buckles 25 mountable on said buckle attaching plate 24 are attached to the opposite ends of the band 21. The rigid case 22 is made of a rigid material, such as synthetic resin, in bowl form. Its upper surface is integrally centrally formed with an attaching boss 22a extending through the band 21. The buckle attaching plate 24 is rotatably attached to the front end of the attaching boss 22a projecting beyond the band 21. The balloon 23 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber, in bag form and received in the rigid case 22 with a fluid feed tube 27 projecting outward, said fluid feed tube 27 having a check valve 26. A manual pump and a pressure gauge will be connected to the fluid feed tube 27 of the balloon 23 according to the need. While looking at the pressure gauge, the operator operates the pump to fill the balloon 23 with fluid so as to inflate the latter. The buckle attaching plate 24 is rotatably attached to the attaching boss 22a of the rigid case 22. As shown in Figs. 5A through 5C, engaging members 28 are installed on the upper surface of the plate 24. Each engaging member 28 comprises a shaft portion 28a projecting integrally from the upper surface of the buckle attaching plate 24 and a head portion 28b of large diameter formed on said shaft portion, with an engaging clearance defined between the upper surface of the buckle attaching plate 24 and the head portion 28b and being approximately equal to the thickness of the buckle 25. The buckle 25, as shown in Figs. 6A and 6B, is formed at the front end of its narrow portion with an engaging hole 29 for engagement with the engaging member 28 of the buckle attaching plate 24. The rear portion of the buckle 25 is formed with a slit 30 for the band 21 to be inserted therein for fixing. The engaging hole 29 comprises a circular through-hole portion 29a and a U-shaped grip portion 29b communicating therewith. The through-hole portion 29a has a diameter slightly greater than that of the head portion 28b of the engaging member 28. The grip portion 29b has a sufficient size for the shaft portion 28a of the engaging member 28 to fit therein. After the head portion 28b of the engaging member 28 has been passed through the through-hole portion 28a, the grip portion 29b Is thrusted on the shaft portion 29a, of the engaging member 28 to fit the buckle 25 between the upper surface of the buckle attaching plate 24 and the head portion 28b. Thus, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the buckle 25 can be mounted on the buckle attaching plate 24 by a single manipulation. The slit 30 has a slide member 31 slidably mounted thereon, so that as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the end of the band 21 is inserted in the slide member 31 to extend therearound and then the slide member 31 is slid, thereby attaching the buckle 25 to the end of the band 21. The wrapping of the compressive hemostatic belt according to the present invention will now be described; the case of wrapping it around the leg will be taken as an example. First, as shown in Fig. 6A, while the rigid case having the balloon 23 received therein is placed on the catheter insertion wound, the band 21 is wrapped around the leg. Subsequently, one end portion of the band 21 is wrapped around the waist from the back to the front and then as shown In Fig. 6B, the buckles 25 attached to the ends of the band 21 in advance are mounted on the buckle attaching plate 24 by utilizing the engaging holes 29 and the engaging members 28. Finally, the opposite ends of the band are pulled to adjust the tightening force to complete the wrapping. Thereafter, the operator connects the manual pump and pressure gauge to the fluid feed tube 27 of the balloon 23 and while looking at the pressure gauge he operates the manual pump to fill the balloon 23 with fluid. The balloon 23 is Inflated toward the catheter insert ion wound to compress the latter white it Is restricted by the rigid case 22 from inflating toward the opposite side. According to the compressive hemostatic belt of the present invention, if the buckles 25 are attached to the ends of the band 21 In advance, the opposite ends of the band 21 can be fixed in position simply by mounting the buckles 25 on the buckle attaching plate by a single manipulation. Since the buckles 25 are separate from the rigid case 22, the insertion of the ends of the band 21 into the buckles 25 is easier. Further, since the buckle attaching plate 24 is rotatable with respect to the rigid ease and since the buckles 25 are rotatable with respect to the buckle attaching plate 24, the band can be wrapped with good fitness around the body of a patient having any figure and positional displacement or slack will not be produced even if compressive hemostasis continues for a long time, Thus, effective compressive hemostasis can be achieved. The invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the engaging members 28 of the buckle attaching plate 24 and the engaging holes 29 of the buckles 25 may be made rectangular. In this case, basically the buckles 25 are not rotatable with respect to the buckle attaching plate 24; however, by suitably designing the shape of the shaft portion 28a of the engaging member 28, the buckles 25 can be made rotatable with respect to the buckle attaching plate 24 In a predetermined angle range. Further, in the above embodiment, it is arranged that the buckles 25 can be mounted by a single manipulation on the buckle attaching plate 24 by utilizing engagement between the engaging members 28 of the buckle attaching plate 24 and the engaging holes 29 of the buckles 25; however, as shown in Fig. 12, the buckles 24 can be mounted on the buckle attaching plate 24. That is, as shown in Figs. 13A through 13C, pairs of grooved frames 32 of inverted L-shaped cross section each having an insertion groove 32a are disposed on the upper surface of the buckle attaching plate 24, the grooved frames in each pair being spaced a predetermined distance. As shown in Figs. 14A through 14C, the narrow front end of each buckle 25 is bifurcated to form a pair of elastic engaging elements 33 having engaging pawls 33a. The buckles 25 can be mounted by a single manipulation on the buckle attaching plate 24 by inserting the elastic engaging elements 33 of the buckles 25 into the insertion grooves 32a of the grooved frames 32 of the buckle attaching plate 24 to engage the engaging pawls 33a of the elastic engaging elements 33 with the end edges of the grooved frames 32. The compressive hemostatic belt of the present invention is not limited in use to blood vessel catheter examinations but is also applicable to stoppage of bleeding from a wound caused by a catheter treatment, kidney or other dialysis, or an inject ion using various needles. As has been described so far, according to the present invention, if the buckles are attached to the ends of the band in advance, the opposite ends of the band can be fixed in position simply by mounting the buckles on the buckle attaching plate by a single manipulation, so that the wrapping of the band around the body can be smoothly effected. Since the insertion of the ends of the band into the buckles is easy, the operating efficiency is greatly increased.

Claims: A compressive hemostatic belt comprising a single band (21) of non-stretchable or low-stretchable fiber, non-woven fabric or film; a rigid case (22) attached to a predetermined position on one side of said band; a balloon (23) received in said rigid case adapted to be inflated by being filled with a fluid; characterised by a buckle attaching plate (24) having engaging means (28) on the opposite sides thereof, said buckle attaching plate being rotatably attached to said rigid case (22); and a pair of buckles (25) attached to opposite ends of said band and engageable with said engaging means (28) of said buckle attaching plate. A compressive hemostatic belt as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said buckles (25) are formed with engaging holes (29), while said buckle attaching plate (24) is provided with engaging members (28) engageable with said engaging holes, said buckles being removably mounted on the buckle attaching plate by utilizing the engagement between said engaging holes and said engaging members. A compressive hemostatic belt as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that said engaging holes (29) and said engaging members (28) are circular in shape. A compressive hemostatic belt as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that said engaging holes (29) and said engaging members (28) are rectangular in shape. A compressive hemostatic belt as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a predetermined portion of each of the buckles (25) is bifurcated to form a pair of elastic engaging elements (33) having engaging pawls (33a), while said buckle attaching plate (24) is formed with a pair of grooved frames (32) having insertion grooves (32a) for receiving said elastic engaging elements, said frames being spaced a predetermined distance in opposed relation to each other, the arrangement being such that said elastic engaging elements are inserted in the insertion grooves of said grooved frames to engage the engaging pawls of the elastic engaging elements with end edges of the grooved frames so as to removably mount the buckles on the buckle attaching plate. A compressive hemostatic belt as set forth in claim 1, wherein said balloon (23) has a fluid feed tube (27) and a check valve (26) mounted to said tube.

Inventors: INUI YOSHIHARU, KAWASAKI ATSUKO, NAKASHITA TAKEFUMI, SHIROUZU TOSHIMICHI, INUI, YOSHIHARU, KAWASAKI, ATSUKO, NAKASHITA, TAKEFUMI, SHIROUZU, TOSHIMICHI
Applicants: SUMITOMO RUBBER IND, SUMITOMO RUBBER INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Application year: 1993
Main classification: A61B17
IPC codes: A61B17, A61F13