Methods of driving indicator tubes

Abstract: An indicator tube includes a pair of common memory plate electrodes (3, 4) and independent address XY electrode groups (1, 2) separate therefrom. When an address discharge is to be carried out by the XY electrode groups (1, 2) from a state in which no wall charge uniformly exists on wall surfaces of the pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed, the driving method includes holding one of the pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) at a potential higher than a discharge space potential generated by an address discharge in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the low voltage side of the address electrode during an address period, holding the other memory electrode (3, 4) at a potential lower than the discharge space potential in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the high voltage side of the address electrode, selectively accumulating charged particles generated by the address discharge in cells disposed at the positions corresponding to an image as negative and positive wall charges, and continuously effecting a display discharge or memory discharge utilizing a presence or absence of the wall charges as position information. A variation of this driving method is used when an address discharge is to be carried out by the XY electrode groups (1, 2) from a state in which positive and negative wall charges uniformly exist on wall surfaces of the pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed.

Description: The present invention relates to methods of driving indicator tubes. A known so-called AC type plasma display panel (PDP) utilizing wall charges and having a memory function is a two-electrode type plasma display panel in which XY electrodes are respectively disposed on both front and rear glass plates in an opposing fashion. Further, there has been proposed a plasma display panel of a three-electrode surface type that is a development of the AC type plasma display panel. FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows the fundamental structure of such a plasma display panel of the three-electrode surface type. As shown in FIG. 1, this plasma display panel comprises a first electrode 9 and a second electrode 10 disposed in parallel on the same plane of a front glass plate 5, an insulating layer 12 covering the surfaces of the first and second electrodes 9, 10 and an address electrode 11 formed on a rear glass plate 6 opposing the front glass plate 5, the electrode surface of the address electrode 11 being exposed to the outside. The address electrode 11 and the first electrode 9 constitute an XY matrix, and the second electrode 10 is commonly connected to each of the lines as a memory electrode. Fundamental operation of this plasma display panel is such that a discharge occurring selectively between the address electrode 11 and the first electrode 9 is held between the first and second electrodes 9 and 10. That is to say, the first electrode 9 functions as both an address and a memory. Let is now be assumed that a memory discharge is continuously carried out between the first and second electrodes 9 and 10 and that wall charges exist on both the first and second electrodes 9, 10. Then, let us consider the case that the memory discharge or the wall charge is erased selectively. To erase the discharge, a so-called self-erasure method is used in which the potential of the first electrode 9 is held at a required potential immediately after a discharge has been produced between the address electrode 11 and the first electrode 9 by a pulse having a very short duration thereby to erase the wall charge on the first electrode 9. FIG. 2 is a timing chart of waveforms of driving signals according to the typical driving method. As shown in FIG. 2, in order to accumulate wall charges in all cells, a pulse having a sufficient peak value is applied between the first and second electrodes 9, 10. Also, in order to selectively erase the wall charges, an address pulse is applied between the address electrode 11 and the first electrode 9. The duration of the address pulse is very important because if the duration is too short, an erasure discharge is disabled while if it is too long, the wall charge is accumulated on the first electrode 9 one more time. To solve the problems encountered with the known plasma display panel in which address operation and memory operation are carried out by the same electrode, there has been proposed a memory sheet type plasma display panel as disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. EP-A-0 545 642 (not published before the priority date of the present application). FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a fundamental structure of such a plasma display panel of memory sheet type in an exploded fashion. As shown in FIG. 3, the plasma display panel of memory sheet type includes address X and Y electrode groups 1 and 2 formed in an XY matrix fashion, and a memory A electrode 3 and a memory B electrode 4 which form a pair of common electrodes. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the address X electrode 1 is made of a transparent conductive material on a front glass plate 5 and the electrode surface thereof is exposed in gas space. The other address Y electrode 2 is disposed on a rear glass plate 6 and the electrode surface thereof is also exposed in the gas space. Therefore, the two electrode groups operate as an ordinary DC type plasma display panel in which the address X electrode 1 is used as an anode and the address Y electrode 2 is used as a cathode. The memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are each made of a single metal plate and have through-holes at the positions corresponding to intersection points of the matrix formed by the above-mentioned first address X electrode 1 and second address Y electrode 2. Further, each of the metal plates forming the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 is coated on its complete surface including the inner wall of the through-holes with an insulating layer, such as a glass material or the like. Fundamental operation of the plasma display panel is to hold a discharge caused by the address electrode by the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4. This memory sheet type plasma display panel is simple in operation similarly to the DC type plasma display panel and also has the same memory function as that of the AC type plasma display panel. Therefore, the memory sheet type plasma display panel is expected to have a bright picture screen. However, a method for effectively driving the plasma display panel of memory sheet type has not yet been proposed. In the method of driving the known three-electrode surface discharge type plasma display panel having the structure in which the address operation and the memory operation are effected by the same electrode as shown in FIG. 2, voltages having complex waveforms must be applied to the electrodes at high speed. As a result, the manufacturing cost of circuits is increased and operation thereof becomes unstable, which is one of the factors that hinders the display apparatus from having been put into practical use. Further, a method of effectively driving the aforesaid memory sheet type plasma display panel as shown in FIG. 3 has also not yet been proposed. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of driving an indicator tube which includes a pair of common memory electrodes and independent XY address electrode groups separate therefrom, the method comprising the steps of: in a case where an address discharge is to be carried out by said XY electrode groups from a state in which no wall charge uniformly exists on wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed, holding one of said pair of memory electrodes at a potential higher than a discharge space potential generated by an address discharge in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the low voltage side of an address electrode of said XY electrode group during an address period; holding the other of said pair of memory electrodes at a potential lower than said discharge space potential in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the high voltage side of said address electrode; selectively accumulating charged particles generated by the address discharge in cells disposed at the positions corresponding to an image as negative and positive wall charges; and continuously effecting a display discharge or memory discharge utilizing a presence or absence of said wall charges as position information. In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of driving an indicator tube which includes a pair of common memory electrodes and independent XY address electrode groups separate therefrom, the method comprising the steps of: in a case where an address discharge is to be carried out by said XY electrode groups from a state in which positive and negative wall charges uniformly exist on wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed, holding both potentials of said pair of memory electrodes at substantially the same potential as a discharge space potential generated by the address discharge during an address period; selectively erasing wall charges accumulated in wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes by a recombination of said wall charges with charged particles generated by said address discharge in response to a picture; and continuously effecting a display discharge or memory discharge utilizing a presence or absence of said wall charges as position information. A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an improved method of driving an indicator tube in which the aforesaid shortcomings and disadvantages of the previous proposals can be overcome. According to the preferred embodiment there is provided a method of driving an indicator tube in which a wall charge on the surface of a memory electrode can be erased or formed only by keeping respective electrode potentials at a memory sheet at constant potential during the address period while effectively utilizing specific features of a structure of a newly-proposed memory sheet type plasma display panel, and in which the indicator tube can be operated reliably. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, throughout which like parts are referred to by like references, and in which: FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a known three-electrode surface discharge plasma display panel of AC type; FIG. 2 is a timing chart of respective pulses applied to the three-electrode surface discharge plasma display panel of AC type shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a previously-proposed memory sheet type plasma display panel; FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for showing the operation of a first embodiment of the present invention, and illustrating the condition when a discharge is occurring; FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4, and illustrating the condition when a wall discharge is formed; FIG. 6 is a view similar to those of FIGS. 4 and 5, and illustrating the condition when a pulse for maintaining a memory discharge is applied between memory electrodes; FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for showing the operation of a second embodiment of the present invention, and illustrating the condition when a discharge is occurring; FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of FIG. 7, and illustrating the condition when a charged particle is recombined with a wall charge on a memory electrode so as to erase the wall charge; FIG. 9 is a view similar to those of FIGS. 7 and 8, and illustrating the condition when a pulse for maintaining a memory discharge is applied between memory electrodes; FIG. 10 is a timing chart of respective pulses used in the first embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 11 is a timing chart of respective pulses used in the second embodiment of the present invention. There are broadly two kinds of methods for forming a picture on a memory AC type plasma display panel. One method is to energize necessary cells in response to picture information from the state that the whole picture screen is disabled. The other method is to disable unnecessary cells in response to the picture information from the state that whole cells are energized once regardless of the display picture screen. A first embodiment of the present invention relates to the former method and a second embodiment of the present invention relates to the latter method. Action of a driving method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will hereinafter be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary cross-sectional views each showing one cell of the memory sheet type plasma display panel. When this plasma display panel is driven by the first embodiment of the driving method according to the present invention, wall charges are eliminated by carrying out erasing and discharging before an address signal is applied because it is supposed that no wall charge is produced on the surface of the insulating layers of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4. A wall charge is eliminated as follows. That is to say, when a wall charge is eliminated from the whole surface simultaneously, a voltage sufficient for generating a discharge is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to cause a discharge in all cells simultaneously under the condition that the address X electrode 1 and the address Y electrode 2 are not applied with a signal. Thereafter, if the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are both immediately held at the same potential as the discharge space potential, then the wall charge is erased and a new wall charge is not accumulated. FIG. 4 shows the condition that the memory A electrode 3 is held at potential higher than the discharge space potential, for example, about 150V if the discharge space potential is about 100V, the memory B electrode 4 is held at potential lower than the discharge space potential, for example, about 50V and the address X electrode 1 and the address Y electrode 2 are applied with potentials sufficient for generating an address discharge, for example, 200V and 0V, respectively so that a discharge just occurs. FIG. 5 shows the condition that the address discharge is started and a charged particle generated is electrified on the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to form a wall charge. That is to say, by the aforesaid distribution of the potentials, a negative wall charge is formed on the memory A electrode 3 and a positive wall charge is formed on the memory B electrode 4. Thereafter, the address signal is sequentially supplied to the next cell. During that period, the potentials of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are held at the same potentials, i.e., about 150V and about 50V, respectively. Further, the anode side of the address electrode is held at a bias potential where unnecessary discharge does not occur, e.g., about 100V so that, even when an address signal voltage to other cells is applied to the anode side of the address electrode, such wall charge is maintained as it is. FIG. 6 shows the condition that a maintaining pulse for memory discharge is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 after the address operation of one picture screen was ended. That is to say, similarly to operation of the ordinary plasma display panel of AC type, a cell in which an electric field generated by the wall charge is superimposed upon the maintaining pulse is discharged and the cell which is not address and in which a wall charge is not accumulated is not discharged. Action of a driving method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 7, 8 and 9. When the plasma display panel is driven by the driving method of the second embodiment of the present invention, all cells are temporarily discharged before the application of the address signal to thereby form a wall charge because it is assumed that wall charges are uniformly accumulated on the surfaces of the insulating layers of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4. The method of forming a wall charge is not shown because of reasons similar to those described above. When a wall charge is simultaneously formed on the whole picture screen, for example, a voltage sufficient for generating a discharging is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to thereby generate a discharge in all cells simultaneously and the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are held at the corresponding potentials. Then, even when the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are held at the proper same potential, e.g., about 100V of the discharge space potential after the discharge was ended, the wall charge is held as it is because no charged particle exists in the space. FIG. 7 shows the condition that the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are both held at about 100V and the address X electrode 1 and the address Y electrode 2 are applied with potentials sufficient for generating an address discharge, e.g., about 200V and about 0V, respectively so that a discharge just occurs. FIG. 8 shows the condition that the address discharge is started and a charged particle produced is recombined with a wall charge on the memory electrode to thereby erase the wall charge. While the address X electrode 1 and the address Y electrode 2 are both held at the same bias potential, i.e., about 100V, due to the wall charge, the surface of the memory A electrode 3 is held at a lower potential, e.g., about 50V and the surface of the memory B electrode 4 is held at a higher potential, e,g., about 150V. Consequently, positive and negative particles in the discharged space are attracted by the memory electrodes 3 and 4 and recombined with the wall charges on the surfaces of the memory electrodes 3 and 4. Thereafter, the address signal is sequentially supplied to the next cell. During that period, the potentials of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are held at the same condition so that the state of the wall charge of each cell is maintained as it is so long as there occurs no new discharge. FIG. 9 shows the condition that the maintaining pulse for memory discharge is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 after the addressing of one picture screen is ended. In other words, although the cell in which the wall charge remains is discharged when the electric field generated by the wall charge is superimposed upon the maintaining pulse similarly to the operation of the ordinary AC type plasma display panel, a cell in which the wall charge is erased as shown in FIG. 9 is not discharged. The practical driving method according to the first and second embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to timing charts of applied pulses forming FIGS. 10 and 11. There are two kinds of timing relationships that the memory AC type plasma display panel is moved from the address discharge to the memory discharge. It is customary that the addressing is carried out in a line sequential system in any one of the two timing relationships. One timing relationship is that the cells are energized immediately after the addressing is carried out. The other timing relationship is that all cells are energized simultaneously after a wall charge used as position information was accumulated in each cell and the addressing of one picture screen was ended. While the driving methods according to the first and second embodiments of the invention are effectively applied to the plasma display panel of memory AC type, the latter case will be described for simplicity. FIG. 10 is a timing chart of the driving method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Initially, in order to erase the wall charges simultaneously prior to the addressing, all cells are simultaneously discharged by the application of a reset pulse, though not shown. Various methods are available in order to apply the reset pulse. In this case, if a reset pulse voltage sufficient for starting the discharge is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B side 4 and the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are later held at substantially the same potential as the discharge space potential, then the wall charge is erased as described before. Since the electrode of the address electrode is exposed in the gas space, the address discharge is effected in a line sequential fashion in exactly the same manner as that of the ordinary DC type plasma display panel. Although the memory A electrode 3 is held at a potential higher than the discharge space potential, e,g., about 150V if the discharge space potential is about 100V and the memory B electrode 4 is held at a potential lower than the discharge space potential, e.g., about 50V during the address period, such potentials at which the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are held do not affect the start of the address discharge. If the address discharge occurs under this condition, a charged particle generated is electrified on the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to form wall charges. With the aforesaid distribution of the potentials, a negative wall charge is formed on the memory A electrode 3 and a positive wall charge is formed on the memory B electrode 4. The address operation is carried out from the line of the uppermost portion to the line of the lowermost portion in a line sequential fashion. During the address operation period, a wall charge corresponding to picture information is formed in each cell. During the memory operation period, although an AC discharge maintaining pulse shown in FIG. 10 is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4, due to the presence or absence of wall charge, a cell in which the electric field produced by the wall charge is superimposed upon the discharge maintaining pulse is discharged and a cell which is not addressed and in which a wall charge is not accumulated is not discharged. Therefore, the discharge is continued on the picture screen during this period in accordance with image information. FIG. 11 is a timing chart used to explain a method of driving a plasma display panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Initially, all cells are simultaneously discharged by the application of a reset pulse in order to form wall charges simultaneously on the picture screen prior to the address operation. Various methods are available for the application of a reset pulse. In this case, if a reset pulse sufficient for starting the discharge is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to hold the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 at the original potentials during the period in which the charged particle generated by the reset discharge exists in the discharge space or the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are respectively held at potentials higher and lower than at least the discharge space potential, e.g., about 150V and about 50V, then the wall charges are maintained as they are. The wall charges are maintained as they are even when the potentials of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 are both set to about 100V which is substantially the same as the discharge space potential after a short period of time. Under this condition, if the address discharge is carried out similarly as described above, the charged particles generated by the address discharge are re-combined with the wall charges on the wall surfaces of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 to erase the wall charges. A wall charge in a cell in which the address discharge does not occur is left as it is. During the above-mentioned address operation period, a wall charge corresponding to picture information is formed in each cell. Although the AC discharge maintaining pulse shown in FIG. 11 is applied between the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 during the memory operation period, due to the presence or absence of the wall charge, the cell in which the electric field generated by the wall charge is superimposed upon the discharge maintaining pulse is discharged and the cell in which the wall charge is erased is not discharged. Therefore, the picture screen is continuously energized and disabled at every cell during the memory operation period in accordance with image information. Both in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the driving method of the present invention is applied to the method in which the discharge is switched from the address discharge to the memory discharge when the cells are simultaneously energized after the wall charge had been temporarily accumulated in each cell as position information and the address discharge of one screen had been finished. On the other hand, in a method in which the discharge is continuously switched from the address discharge to the memory discharge, i.e., the memory discharge is carried out in a line sequential manner, it is needless to say that a relationship between the address discharge and the memory electrode potential which is the fundamental driving method of the present invention is perfectly similar. However, since the reset is carried out at every line prior to the addressing, the reset pulse is not applied to the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 but applied to the address X electrode 1 and the address Y electrode 2 at every line in a line sequential fashion prior to the addressing. The aforementioned potential values are temporarily set in order to understand the present invention more clearly. While the discharge space potential, for example, is assumed to be about 100V, it is needless to say that this discharge space potential presents different values depending upon gas composition, gas pressure, electrode material or the like. This is also true that the discharge starting voltage and the bias voltage are set to about 200V and about 100V, respectively. As set out above, according to the present invention, the wall charge can be formed or erased by holding the potentials of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 at the high potential and low potential or by holding the potentials of the memory A electrode 3 and the memory B electrode 4 at substantially the same potential as the discharge space potential during the address discharge period. It is needless to say that the upper and lower limits of the high and low potentials are set in a range sufficient so that unnecessary discharge can be prevented from occurring relative to the address X electrode 1 or address Y electrode 2. Further, unlike the prior art in which the address signal voltage and the memory voltage must be applied to the address line at restricted timing at high speed so that the driving circuit cannot be made inexpensive, according to the present invention, the address operation and the memory operation can be separated completely so that the operation becomes stable. In addition, the operation speed can be reduced considerably and hence the manufacturing cost of the driving circuit can be reduced considerably.

Claims: A method of driving an indicator tube which includes a pair of common memory electrodes (3, 4) and independent XY address electrode groups (1, 2) separate therefrom, the method comprising the steps of: in a case where an address discharge is to be carried out by said XY electrode groups (1, 2) from a state in which no wall charge uniformly exists on wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed, holding one of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) at a potential higher than a discharge space potential generated by an address discharge in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the low voltage side of an address electrode of said XY electrode group (1, 2) during an address period; holding the other of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) at a potential lower than said discharge space potential in a range such that a discharge is not caused on the high voltage side of said address electrode; selectively accumulating charged particles generated by the address discharge in cells disposed at the positions corresponding to an image as negative and positive wall charges; and continuously effecting a display discharge or memory discharge utilizing a presence or absence of said wall charges as position information. A method of driving an indicator tube which includes a pair of common memory electrodes (3, 4) and independent XY address electrode groups (1, 2) separate therefrom, the method comprising the steps of: in a case where an address discharge is to be carried out by said XY electrode groups (1, 2) from a state in which positive and negative wall charges uniformly exist on wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) in all cells on a picture screen or on a line to be addressed, holding both potentials of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) at substantially the same potential as a discharge space potential generated by the address discharge during an address period; selectively erasing wall charges accumulated in wall surfaces of said pair of memory electrodes (3, 4) by a recombination of said wall charges with charged particles generated by said address discharge in response to a picture; and continuously effecting a display discharge or memory discharge utilizing a presence or absence of said wall charges as position information.

Inventors: AMANO YOSHIFUMI, AMANO, YOSHIFUMI, AMANO, YOSHIFUMI, C/O TECHNOLOGY TRADE AND
Applicants: NORITAKE CO LTD, TECHNOLOGY TRADE AND TRANSFER, NORITAKE CO., LIMITED, TECHNOLOGY TRADE AND TRANSFER CORPORATION
Application year: 1993
Main classification: G09G3
IPC codes: G09G3, H01J11