Jet recording method

Abstract: In a jet recording method, a normally solid recording material is placed in a heat-melted state within a nozzle and heated to generate a bubble therewithin by applying a bubble-generating heat energy, thereby ejecting droplets of the recording material out of the nozzle onto a recording medium. In the method, the ejection of the recording material droplets can be stabilized by applying prior to the bubble-generating heat energy a preheating energy which decreases continuously or discontinuously.

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART The present invention relates to a jet recording method wherein a droplet of a recording material is discharged or ejected to a recording medium. In the jet recording method, droplets of a recording material (ink) are ejected to be attached to a recording medium such as paper for accomplishing recording. In the method disclosed in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,410,899 and 4,723,129 assigned to the present assignee among the known jet recording methods, a bubble is generated in an ink by applying a heat energy to the ink, and an ink droplet is ejected through an ejection outlet (orifice), whereby a recording head provided with high-density multi-orifices can be easily realized to record a high-quality image having a high resolution at a high speed. Our research group has proposed a new jet recording method (hereinafter referred to as "bubble-through recording method"), wherein a recording material is supplied with a thermal energy corresponding to a recording signal to generate a bubble in the recording material so that a droplet of the recording material is discharged out of an ejection outlet under the action of the bubble, wherein the bubble is caused to communicate with the ambience (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application (JP-A) 4-10940). According to the bubble-through recording method, the splash or mist of the recording material is prevented. Further, according to the bubble-through recording method, all the recording material between the created bubble and the ejection outlet is ejected, so that the discharged amount of the recording material droplet becomes constant depending on the shape of a nozzle and the position of a heater therein, whereby a stable recording becomes possible. Our research group has also proposed a jet recording method using a normally solid recording material (i.e., a recording material which is solid at room temperature) (U.S. Patent Appln. Serial No. 767,686; EP-A-0479501). If such a normally solid recording material is used, it is possible to obtain a recorded image which is excellent in fixability and is free from blurring. In such a jet recording method using a normally solid recording material, it is necessary to impart a larger quantity of heat in order to generate a bubble than in the case of using a normally liquid recording material. In order to impart a large quantity of heat to a normally solid recording material, it is suitable to apply a preheating energy (herein used to mean a "heat energy for preliminarily heating the recording material within an extent of not generating a bubble within the recording material) prior to application of a bubble-generating heat energy (herein used to mean a heat energy for generating a bubble within the recording material), e.g., as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,065,167. The U.S. Patent No. 5,065,167 teaches imparting a preheating energy by applying plural pulse voltages repeating at a constant interval to a heater of a recording head but has left much room for improvement in order to stably produce a large ejection pressure. A jet recording method of the kind defined by the precharacterizing features of claim 1 is known from the EP-A-0 468 075 and the US-A-4 490 728, respectively. The first of these documents discloses to impart said preheating energy in a continuously decreasing manner and the second of these documents discloses the application of the preheating energy at a constant level. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a jet recording method of the kind defined by the precharacterizing features of claim 1 which ensures the advantages of the jet recording method including application of a preheating energy by further providing a large ejection energy stably. Object is attained by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are defined in the subclaims. These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon a consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a recording apparatus for use in a recording method according to the invention. Figure 2 is a perspective view of a recording head used in the recording apparatus shown in Figure 1. Figures 3 - 6 are schematic sectional views of a recording head respectively showing a state before generation of a bubble (Figure 3), a state immediately after generation of the bubble (Figure 4), a state wherein the generated bubble communicates with the ambience (Figure 5), and a state at an instant wherein a droplet of the recording material has been just ejected (Figure 6). Figures 7 - 12 are respectively a waveform diagram showing an example combination of pre-heating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse. Figure 13 is a diagram showing an example of a pulse including stepwise varying voltages. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the recording method according to the present invention, a normally solid recording material (ink, i.e., a recording material which is solid at room temperature (5 o C - 35 o C)) is melted under heating, and the melted recording material is ejected through an ejection outlet (orifice) for recording. The ejection of the recording material is effected by imparting to the melted recording material a preheating energy and then a bubble-generating heat energy. Figure 1 illustrates an apparatus for practicing the recording method according to the present invention, wherein a recording material contained in a tank 21 is supplied through a passage 22 to a recording head 23. The recording head 23 may for example be one illustrated in Figure 2. The tank 21, passage 22 and recording head 23 are supplied with heat by heating means 20 and 24 to keep the recording material in a liquid state in the apparatus. The heating means 20 and 24 are set to a prescribed temperature, which may suitably be higher by 10 - 20 o C than the melting point of the recording material, by a temperature control means 26. The recording head 23 is supplied with a recording signal from a drive circuit 25 to drive an ejection energy-generating means (e.g., a heater) in the recording head corresponding to the recording signal, thereby ejecting droplets of the recording material to effect a recording on a recording medium 27, such as paper. As shown in Figure 2, the head 23 is provided with a plurality of walls 8 disposed in parallel with each other on a substrate 1 and a wall 14 defining a liquid chamber 10. On the walls 8 and 14, a ceiling plate 4 is disposed. In Figure 2, the ceiling plate 4 is shown apart from the walls 8 and 14 for convenience of showing an inside structure of the recording head. The ceiling plate 4 is equipped with an ink supply port 11, through which a melted recording material is supplied into the liquid chamber 10. Between each pair of adjacent walls 8, a nozzle 15 is formed for passing the melted recording material. At an intermediate part of each nozzle 15 on the substrate 1, a heater 2 is disposed for supplying a thermal energy corresponding to a recording signal to the recording material. A bubble is created in the recording material by the thermal energy from the heater 2 to eject the recording material through the ejection outlet 5 of the nozzle 15. In a preferred mode (bubble-through mode) of the recording method according to the present invention, when a bubble is created and expanded by the supply of thermal energy to reach a prescribed volume, the bubble thrusts out of the ejection outlet 5 to communicate with the ambience (atmosphere). The bubble-through mode is explained further hereinbelow. Figures 3 - 6 show sections of a nozzle 15 formed in the recording head 23, including Figure 3 showing a state before bubble creation. First, current is supplied to a heating means 24 to keep a normally solid recording material 3 melting. Then, the heater 2 is supplied with a pulse current to instantaneously heat the recording material 3 in the vicinity of the heater 2, whereby the recording material 3 causes abrupt boiling to vigorously generate a bubble 6, which further begins to expand (Figure 4). The bubble further continually expands and grows particularly toward the ejection outlet 5 providing a smaller inertance until it thrusts out of the ejection outlet 5 to communicate with the ambience (Figure 5). A portion of the recording material 3 which has been closer to the ambience than the bubble 6 is ejected forward due to kinetic momentum which has been imparted thereto by the bubble 6 up to the moment and soon forms a droplet to be deposited onto a recording medium, such as paper (not shown) (Figure 6). A cavity left at the tip of the nozzle 15 after the ejection of the recording material 3 is filled with a fresh portion of the recording material owing to the surface tension of the succeeding portion of the recording material and the wetness of the nozzle wall to restore the state before the ejection. In contrast thereto, in a mode other than the bubble-through mode of the jet recording method according to the present invention, a bubble does not communicate with the ambience even at its maximum volume and then disappears by shrinkage. Because the bubble created in the recording material communicates with the ambience in the bubble-through mode, substantially all the portion of the recording material present between the bubble and the ejection outlet is ejected, so that the volume of an ejected droplet becomes always constant. Further, in the bubble-through recording method, all the recording material present between the bubble and the ejection outlet is ejected so that even a small bubble is not allowed to remain on the heater. In order to cause a generated bubble to communicate with the ambience, the heater 2 may be disposed closer to the ejection outlet 5. This is the simplest structure adoptable for communication of a bubble with the ambience. The communication of a bubble with the ambience may be further ensured by desirably selecting factors, such as the thermal energy generated by the heater 2, the ink properties and various sizes of the recording head (distance between the ejection outlet and the heater 2, the widths and heights of the outlet 5 and the nozzle 15). The required closeness of the heater 2 to the ejection outlet 5 cannot be simply determined but, as a measure, the distance from the front end of the heater 2 to the ejection outlet (or from the surface of the heater 2 to the ejection outlet 5) may preferably be 5 - 80 µm, further preferably 10 - 60 µm. The jet recording method inclusive of the bubble-through mode according to the present invention includes, prior to application of a bubble-generating heat energy, a pre-heating step of applying to the recording material a preheating energy which decreases continuously or discontinuously with time. As a result thereof, it is possible to effectively impart a large quantity of heat energy to the recording material without causing unnecessary bubble in the pre-heating step, whereby the speed of recording material droplets ejected out of the ejection outlet is increased to stabilize the position of destination and obviate ejection failure. The total quantity of the preheating energy may preferably be 5 - 5000 µJ, particularly 15 - 3000 µJ, per nozzle and 60 - 90 %, particularly 65 - 85 %, of the total preheating energy may preferably imparted in a former half period of the pre-heating step. Further to say, the total preheating energy may preferably be 5 - 5000 µJ for ejecting a single droplet (5 - 50 pl) of the recording material and 2 - 20 times the bubble-generating heat energy. Both the preheating energy and the bubble-generating heat energy may be applied by the heater 2 disposed within the nozzle 15. In other words, the application of the preheating energy and the bubble-generating heat energy may be performed by applying voltage pulses. The preheating energy may be imparted by applying a plurality of voltage pulses (pre-heating pulses). Figure 7 shows preheating pulses Pr among which adjacent two pulses are caused to have a spacing (pause period) which is gradually increased after application of each pulse. Figure 8 shows a plurality of preheating pulses Pr including a first group of pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period, a second group of pulses having a longer pause period than the first group pulses and a third group of pulses having a longer pause period than the second group pulses. Figure 9 shows a plurality of preheating pulses Pr including a first group of pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period, and a second group of pulses having a longer pause period than the first group pulses. Figure 10 shows a plurality of pulses Pr including a first group of pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period, a second group of pulses having a shorter pulse width than the first group pulses, and a third group of pulses having a shorter pulse width than the second group pulses. Figure 11 shows a plurality of pulse Pr including a first group of pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period and a second group of pulses having a shorter pulse width than the first group pulses. It is also possible to use a plurality of pulses Pr having gradually decreasing pulse widths. Further, Figure 12 shows a plurality of preheating pulses Pr including a first group of plural pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period, a second group of plural pulses having a shorter pulse width than the first group pulses, and a third group of plural pulses having a shorter pause period than the second group pulses. It is also possible to use a preheating pulse Pr having a continuously or discontinuously decreasing voltage so as to decrease the preheating energy. In the present invention, a succession of pulses having different voltages with no pause period therebetween, e.g., pulses having stepwise different voltages as shown in Figure 13, are taken as a plurality of pulses. The imparting of a bubble-generating heat energy is generally performed by application of a single pulse (referred to as "bubble-generation pulse"). It is also possible to effect the bubble-generation heating by plural pulses, but a single pulse may be sufficient. Thus, the bubble-generation pulse is generally composed of a single pulse which is generally placed as the last pulse in a pulse train comprising plural pulses for pre-heating and bubble-generation. Each pulse constituting the pre-heating pulse(s) may preferably have a width of 0.2 - 1.5 µsec, further preferably 0.3 - 1.2 µsec, and an amplitude of 8 - 35 volts, further preferably 10 - 25 volts. As described, the spacing (pause period) between individual pre-heating pulses may preferably be 0.3 - 5.0 µsec, further preferably 0.5 - 4.0 µsec. The bubble-generation pulse of a single pulse may preferably have a width of 0.8 - 5.0 µsec, further preferably 1.0 - 4.0 µsec, and an amplitude of 10 - 35 volts, further preferably 10 - 25 volts. The number of pre-heating pulses may preferably be 10 - 60, further preferably 20 - 50. The normally solid recording material used in the present invention may comprise at least a heat-fusible solid substance and a colorant, and optionally additives for adjusting ink properties and a normally liquid organic solvent, such as an alcohol. The normally solid recording material may preferably have a melting point in the range of 36 o C to 200 o C. Below 36 o C, the recording material is liable to be melted or softened according to a change in room temperature to soil hands. Above 200 o C, a large quantity of energy is required for liquefying the recording material. More preferably, the melting point is in the range of 36 o C - 150 o C. The heat-fusible substance contained in the normally solid recording material may, for example, include: acetamide, p-vaniline, o-vaniline, dibenzyl, m-acetotoluidine, phenyl benzoate, 2,6-dimethylquinoline, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, p-methylbenzyl alcohol, p-bromoacetophenone, homo-catechol, 2,3-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 2,4-dichloroaniline, dichloroxylylene, 3,4-dichloroaniline, 4-chloro-m-cresol, p-bromophenol, dimethyl oxalate, 1-naphthol, dibutylhydroxytoluene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, p-tertpentylphenol, durene, dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, tolan, styrene glycol, propionamide, diphenyl carbonate, 2-chloronaphthalene, acenaphthene, 2-bromonaphthalene, indole, 2-acetylpyrrole, dibenzofuran, p-chlorobenzyl alcohol, 2-methoxynaphthalene, tiglic acid, p-dibromobenzene, 9-heptadecanone, 1-tetradecanamine, 1,8-octanediamine, glutaric acid, 2,3-dimethylnaphthalene, imidazole, 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline, 2-methylindole, 4-methylbiphenyl, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol, ethylene carbonate, 1,8-octane diol, 1,1-diethylurea, butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, methyl 2-hydroxynaphthoate, 8-quinolinol, stearylamine acetate, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, methyl m-nitrobenzoate, dimethyl oxalate, phthalide, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-tert-butylethanolamine, glycolic acid, diacetylmonooxime, and acetoxime. These heat-fusible substances may be used singly or in mixture of two or more species. The above-mentioned heat-fusible substances include those having various characteristics, such as substances having particularly excellent dischargeability, substances having particularly excellent storability and substances providing little blotting on a recording medium. Accordingly, these heat-fusible substances can be selected depending on desired characteristics. A heat-fusible substance having a melting point Tm and a boiling point Tb (at 0,98 bar (1 atm.) herein) satisfying the following formulae (A) and (B) may preferably be used so as to provide a normally solid recording material which is excellent in fixability of recorded images and can effectively convert a supplied thermal energy to a discharge energy. 36 o C ≦ Tm ≦ 150 o C 150 o C ≦ Tb ≦ 370 o C The boiling point Tb may preferably satisfy 200 o C ≦ Tb ≦ 340 o C. The colorant contained in the normally solid recording material may include known ones inclusive of various dyes, such as direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, vat dyes, sulfur dyes and oil-soluble dyes, and pigments. A particularly preferred class of dyes may include oil-soluble dyes, including those described below disclosed in the color index: C.I. Solvent Yellow 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 25, 25:1, 28, 29, etc.; C.I. Solvent Orange 1, 2, 3, 4, 4:1, 5, 6, 7, 11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 23, 25, 31, 32, 37, 37:1, etc.; C.I. Solvent Red 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 33, 35, etc.; C.I. Solvent Violet 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 21, 21:1, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, etc.; C.I. Solvent Blue 2, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 22, 25, 26, 35, 36, 37, 38, 43, 44, 45, 48, 49, etc.; C.I. Solvent Green 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 20, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, etc.; C.I. Solvent Brown 1, 1:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 19, 20, 22, 25, ,28, 29, 31, 37, 38, 42, 43, etc.; and C.I. Solvent Black 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 22, 22:1, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 41, etc. It is also preferred to use inorganic pigments, such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, lithopone, titanium oxide, chrome yellow, cadmium yellow, nickel titanium yellow, naples yellow, yellow iron oxide, red iron oxide, cadmium red, cadmium mercury sulfide, Prussian blue, and ultramarine; carbon black; and organic pigments, such as azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, triphenylmethane pigments and vat-type pigments. The normally solid recording material can further contain a normally liquid organic solvent, as desired, examples of which may include alcohols, such as 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, and 1-octanol; alkylene glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and triethylene glycol; ketones, ketone alcohols, amides, and ethers. Such an organic solvent may have a function of enlarging the size of a bubble generated in the recording material and may preferably have a boiling point of at least 150 o C. As described hereinabove, according to the present invention, a large quantity of heat energy can be imparted to the recording material, so that heat-melted droplets of the normally solid recording material can be ejected out of the ejection outlet at an increased speed. As a result the location of recording material droplets attached to the recording material is stabilized to provide a recorded image, and ejection failure is also prevented. Hereinbelow, the present invention will be described more specifically based on Examples. Example 1 Image formation (recording) was performed by using a recording apparatus shown in Figure 1 equipped with a recording head similar to the one shown in Figure 2 except for the use of straight nozzles 15 and the number of the nozzles. Referring to Figure 2, the recording head included 48 nozzles 15 at a density of 400 nozzles/2,54 cm (inch) each having. Each nozzle 15 had a 0.13 µm-thick heater 2 of HfB 2 covered successively a 1.0 µm-thick SiO 2 protective layer and a 0.1 µm-thick Ta protective layer having an area of about 1280 µm 2 , a nozzle width of about 40 µm and a nozzle height of 27 µm at the heater position, and an orifice 15 having a sectional area of about 1080 µm 2 (width of 40 µm and height of 27 µm) disposed at an about 25 µm from the center of the heater 2. The heater 2 showed an electric resistance of about 29 Ω. The recording material was a normally solid one comprising the following components and melt-heated at 80 o C or higher for recording. Lauric acid 67 wt. % Carnauba wax 30 wt. % Dye (Solvent Black 3) 3 wt. % The heater 2 was supplied with preheating pulses Pr and a bubble-generating pulse Pm as shown in Figure 9. The preheating pulses Pr included 6 pulses with a pulse width of 0.6 µsec and a pause period of 0.8 µsec, followed by 14 pulses with a pulse width of 0.6 µsec and a pause period of 2.0 µsec. the bubble-generating pulse with a pulse width of 2.0 µsec was applied after a pause period of 1.0 µsec following the preheating pulses. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. The above set of the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse was applied at a repeating cycle of 500 µsec (drive frequency of 2 kHz). Under the above conditions, a checker pattern having black and white elements each comprising 12x12 dots (pixels) was recorded on plain paper (commercially available copying paper). As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Example 2 Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including preheating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse (the same as in Figure 9) shown in Figure 8 was used. The preheating pulses shown in Figure 8 included a succession of 6 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec, then 3 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 1.6 µsec and further 11 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 2.0 µsec. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Example 3 Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including preheating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse shown in Figure 7 was used. The preheating pulses shown in Figure 7 included a succession of 21 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with pause periods therebetween increasing from 0.8 µsec to 2.8 µsec by an increment of 0.1 µsec for each pause period. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse (pulse width = 2.0 µsec). As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Example 4 Recording was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a recording head for a commercially available bubble-jet printer ("BJ130J", mfd. by Canon K.K.) and a normally solid recording material comprising the following components was used as the recording material. Ethylene carbonate 60 wt. % 1,12-Dodecanediol 37 wt. % Dye (Solvent Black 3) 3 wt. % As a result, clear recorded images were formed similarly as in Example 1. Example 5 Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including preheating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse (the same as in Figure 9) shown in Figure 11 was used. The preheating pulses shown in Figure 11 included a succession of 6 0.9 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec and then 14 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Example 6 Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including preheating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse (the same as in Figure 9) shown in Figure 12 was used. The preheating pulses shown in Figure 12 included a succession of 4 0.9 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec, then 13 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec and further 5 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 1.2 µsec. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Example 7 Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including preheating pulses and a bubble-generating pulse (the same as in Figure 9) shown in Figure 10 was used. The preheating pulses shown in Figure 10 included a succession of 6 1.0 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec, then 4 0.8 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec and further 11 0.6 µsec-wide pulses with a pause period of 0.8 µsec. The pulse voltage was 10.5 volts for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. As a result, clear recorded images were formed under very stable discharge of the recording material. Comparative Example Recorded images were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pulse train including 20 0.6 µsec-wide preheating pulses with a constant pause period of 1.0 µsec and a 2.0 µsec-wide bubble-generating pulse following a pause period of 1.0 µsec after the preheating pulses. The pulse voltage was 10.5 V for both the preheating pulses and the bubble-generating pulse. As a result, the location of the recording material droplets attached on the recording paper was somewhat fluctuated to result in recorded images which were inferior in clearness to those of Example 1.

Claims: A jet recording method, comprising: placing a normally solid recording material (3) in heat-melted state within a nozzle (15), and heating the recording material by applying a bubble-generating heat energy corresponding to a given recording signal, thereby ejecting a droplet (7) of the recording material out of the nozzle onto a recording medium, the method further including prior the application of the bubble-generating heat energy a step of applying to the recording material a preheating energy, characterized in that said preheating energy is imparted by applying a plurality of discontinuous preheating pulses (Pr) giving a preheating energy which decreases within a period of time. A method according to claim 1, wherein the generated bubble (6) is caused to communicate with ambience. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 60 - 90% of the preheating energy is applied within a former half of the period. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said plurality of preheating pulses (Pr) are applied while a pause period between adjacent two pulses among the plurality of pulses is gradually increased after application of each pulse. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said plurality of preheating pulses (Pr) include a first group of plural pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period between pulses, and a second group of plural pulses having a longer pause period that the first group pulses. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said plurality of preheating pulses (Pr) include a first group of plural pulses having a constant pulse width and a constant pause period between pulses, and a second group of plural pulses having a shorter pulse width than the first group pulses.

Inventors: INADA GENJI, SHIROTA KATSUHIRO, INADA, GENJI, SHIROTA, KATSUHIRO, INADA, GENJI, C/O CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, SHIROTA, KATSUHIRO, C/O CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1993
Main classification: B41J2
IPC codes: B41J2