PUCK FOR USE ON A NON-ICE SURFACE

Abstract: A puck (10) for use on a non-ice surface such as cement has an outer ring (26) made from plastic or other elastic material so that it will deform slightly when the side of the puck is struck against a wall or other object. The runners (19, 20, 21) extend outwardly from the upper and lower surfaces of the puck to reduce the friction of the puck against the floor surface.

Description: PUCK FOR USE ON A NON-ICE SURFACE BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE The field of the invention is sporting goods and the invention relates particularly to pucks of the type that are used on a surface other than ice. Ice hockey has been a popular sport for many years but is, of course, limited to cold climates or artificially made ice rinks. With the advent of in-line roller skates, it is possible to skate across a non ice surface in a manner quite similar to skating on ice. It has quite naturally led to the game of roller hockey. It was found that the normal relatively hard rubber puck would not slide on a cement surface in a satisfactory manner. Furthermore, the puck could easily cause injury when striking a player. Various styles of pucks for use on non ice surfaces have been devised. Such pucks are shown in United States patent nos. 4,111,419; 3,997,164; 4,801,144; 3,726,526; 3,784,204; and 2,727,744. Several of these pucks have runner type devices which are rotatable such as a ball bearing intended to reduce friction and this has been found to be unsatisfactory in actual use because of the ease with which runners become frozen and inoperative due to clogging with foreign matter during play. None of the devices have the ability of unrestricted rotation. Furthermore, such devices require more material which adds to their weight. A hollow plastic puck filled with rice became the early puck of choice. This rice filled puck, while superior to the ice hockey puck, did not slide sufficiently over the surface and therefore, a puck with a lower coefficient of friction was needed to increase speed. Also, the rice or other internal substance causes the puck to move in a somewhat unpredictable path. This is because the rice or other material shifts within the hollow puck during play. Furthermore, the outer surface of the rice puck became rough and slowed down during play. The inner design also helps to regulate the extent of deflection. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a puck for use on non ice surface which will approximate the well known hard rubber puck used on ice while maintaining both speed and accuracy. The present invention is for a puck for use on a non ice surface such as cement, asphalt, or wood which puck is generally cylindrical in shape. The puck includes an outer ring, having an outer ring surface, an inner ring surface, a top and a bottom. At least three fixed runners extend upwardly from the top and downwardly from the bottom surfaces of the puck. An open area is present inwardly from the inner ring surface. The puck is fabricated from an generally elastic material so that the outer ring will deflect slightly when the puck is struck against a wall or other object. Preferably a central member is supported inwardly from the outer ring and is preferably attached thereto by several connecting members or arms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the top and front surface of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a plan view thereof. Figure 4 is a plan view showing the puck of Figure 1 impacting a wall. Figure 5 is a plan view of an alternate embodiment. Figure 6 is a perspective view showing top and front of an alternate embodiment of the puck of Figure 1. Figure 7 is a cross sectional view of one of the runners of the puck of Figure 1. Figure 8 is a cross sectional view of one of the runners of the puck of Figure 5. Figure 9 is a an exploded cross sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the runner of Figure 7. Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the runner of Figure 7. Figure 11 is a plan view of the runner of Figure 10. Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the top and front surface of an alternate embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 is a cross sectional view taken along line 13-13 of Figure 12. Figure 14 is a plan view thereof. Figure 15 is a cross sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the runner of Figure 7. Figure 16 is an alternate embodiment of the runner of Figure 7. Figure 17 is an alternate embodiment of the runner of Figure 7. Figure 18 is a cross sectional view of an alternate runner holding receptacle. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The puck of the present invention is shown in perspective view in Figure 1 and indicated by reference character 10. Puck 10 is generally cylindrical in shape and has an upper surface 11, an outer peripheral surface 12, and a lower surface 13. An outer ring 26 and an inner ring surface 15. A central member 14, is held to outer ring 26 by three arms, 16, 17, and 18. Three runners 19, 20, and 21 extend upwardly from upper surface 11 and downwardly from lower surface 13. These runners are fabricated from a material which has a low co-efficient of friction with the non-ice surface 22 shown in Figure 2 so that the puck will slide along the surface in a manner analogous to a rubber puck on an ice surface. Stainless steel or hardened steel has been successfully used and other low friction metals or polymers can also be used. The runners should be relatively near the outer peripheral surface 12 so that the puck will tend to stay with its either upper or lower surface adjacent the non ice surface 22. Central member 14 has a recess 23 which can contain a logo or other indicia in a protected manner and adds to the appearance of the puck. Furthermore, the depth of the recess, the size of the inner area and the open space can be varied to change the overall weight of the puck to conform to the varied types of runners and to adapt to professional play or amateur play. Recess 23 is present both in the upper and lower surfaces of the central member 16 as shown in Figure 2. Arms 16, 17, and 18 are preferably but not necessarily curved so that the puck will tend to deflect as shown best in Figure 4 no matter where the outer surface strikes the wall 25. Arms 29 in Figure 5 are shown straight. The puck is shown in plan view in Figure 3 and in plan view striking a wall 25 in Figure 4. The puck is preferably fabricated from polyurethane or other generally elastic polymer or elastomer. This permits the outer ring 26 to be deflected which provides a level of safety in the event a puck should strike a player and avoids excess bounce off the boards or the surface of the floor. Outer ring 26 has a top surface 11. An outer ring surface 12, an inner ring surface 15, and a bottom surface 13. Preferably the runners 19 are held in the outer ring 26. There should, of course, be at least three runners as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. Six runners, however, may also be used, and may either be equally sized as shown by runners 28 in Figure 5 or alternating large runners 30 (Fig. 4) and smaller runners 31. Note that in Figure 4 the smaller runners 31 are centered nearer the edge of the puck then the center of larger runners 30. This will cause the runners 31 to contact the playing surface when the puck is at a smaller angle with respect to the playing surface then if they were centered on the same circle as the center of runners 30. An alternate embodiment puck is shown in Figure 6 in perspective view and indicated generally by reference character 32. This design was also made and tested in play. The puck is of a similar design from that shown in Figure 1 except that three upper grooves 33, 34, and 35 are formed in the top surface 11 ' of outer ring 26'. The lower surface also has three grooves one of which is indicated by reference character 36. These grooves have an upper surface which is co-planar with arms 16', 17' and 18'. The three runners 37 have a pair of blind holes 40 to permit the removal and replacement of the runners. It has been found that it is very beneficial that the weight be concentrated near the outside and the positioning of the runners near the edge of the puck helps to accomplish this where metal runners are used. Various types of runners are shown in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11. A solid stainless steel runner is shown in Figure 7 and indicated by reference character 30. Runner 30 has an upper head 41 and a lower head 42 and is fabricated from stainless steel, titanium, or other high abrasion resistant metal. Runner 30 is placed in the mold before the polyurethane or other material is injected therein. The central portion 43 is captured completely within the outer ring 26 as shown in Figure 2. A nylon or other plastic type runner 31 is shown in Figure 8 and has an upper head 45, a lower head 46 and a central portion 47. The smaller runners may also be steel. This is also placed in the mold before the puck is formed around it. Both upper and lower heads 45 and 46 extend a lesser distance away from the top and bottom of the puck as compared the upper and lower heads 41 and 42 of runners 30 which are identical to runner 19 in Figure 7. Therefore, the puck of Figure 4 basically rides along runners 30 but when slightly tipped will contact the upper or lower head of runner 31. This presents the body of the puck from nothing along the surface of play which would slow the puck. A replaceable type of runner is shown in Figure 9 and indicated by reference character 48. Replaceable runner 48 has a removable upper head 49 and a removable lower head 50. These have a pair of blind holes analogous to head 51 shown in Figure 11. The blind holes are indicated by reference character 40. This permits a tool with a pair of pins to be inserted in hole 40 so that the heads can be unscrewed and replaced. The central portion 52 has a threaded portion 53 and a generally conical portion 54 including a plurality of serrations. The serrations contact the serrations 55 in the under surface of head 49 so that the head will not become unscrewed during play. Another style of removable and replaceable runner is shown in Figure 10 where the upper head 51 has a threaded shank 57 which screws into a threaded blind hole 58 in central portion 59. Central portion 59 is integral with lower head 60, which should also contain a pair of blind holes 40 as shown in Figure 11 as should upper head 51. Central portion 59 can be metallic or fabricated from a polymer. Typically the puck has an outside diameter between 3 1/4" to 3 1/2" (8.25 TO 8.90 cm) and is between 3/4" (1.9 cm) and 1" (2.54 cm) high. The preferred weight is 3 1/2 oz. to 4 1/2 oz. (99 to 128 grams) for professional use, lighter for amateur use. As shown best in Figure 2, the central member 14 and arms 16, 17, and 18 are formed below top surface 13 and above bottom surface 29 of the outer ring so that the entire contact of the puck with the surface is on the runners of the outer ring and if the runners wear down, still only the outer ring contacts the surface. The arms are either curved from ring 26 to central member 14 or they may be straight as shown in Figure 5. Central member 14 has a vertical central axis 16' which is also the vertical central axis of puck 10 when it is on a horizontal non ice surface such as that shown in Figure 2 and indicated by reference character 22. The grooves as shown in Figure 6 help permit air to pass in and out of the center portion and help reduce the tendency of the puck to lift or hug the cement surface. The grooves may also be made in a different color and add greatly to the appearance of the puck in play. Similar advantage is created by the opening in the center area. While the runners are shown as being placed in the mold and the puck molded around them, the process can, of course, be reversed where an opening is formed in the puck as it is molded and the runner is molded therein in a later process step. Runners useful for this embodiment are shown in Figures 15, 16, and 17. In Figure 15 a runner generally indicated by reference character 64 is secured in the outer ring 26 of a puck. Runner 64 has a lower head 65 which is integral with a hollow shaft 66 which has a central opening 67. The upper head 70 is integral with a shank 69 which has a friction fit within central opening 67. The puck is molded with a cylindrical opening 71 for each runner and hollow shaft 66 is inserted through opening 71. Next shank 69 which is tapered at 68 is placed in the open end of central opening 67. Pressure is applied to force the shank 69 into the central opening 67 to provide a secure and permanent friction fit. A runner 72 is shown in Figure 16 and has an upper head 73 a lower head 74 a hollow shaft 75 with a central opening 76 upper head 73 has a tapered shank 77 which is tapered at 78. This unit is fabricated from a plastic such as ABS or nylon or polycarbonate or the like which has sufficient strength and a low coefficient of friction with a cement or other playing surface. Runner 80 shown in Figure 17 is analogous to runner 72 of Figure 16 except there is a plurality of inwardly protecting serrations 81 along the central opening 82. A plurality of upwardly projecting serrations 83 is formed on shank 84 as the upper head 85 and shank 84 are driven into central opening 82 the serrations 81 and 83 interconnect causing the shank 84 to be securely held in central opening 82. It is also advantageous to utilize replaceable runners so that if the game is played on a wooden surface, that runners which would not damage the wood surface, can be inserted in place of, for instance, stainless steel runners. Also the runners form a point of wear and it is advantageous that a runner be removable and replaceable as are the runners shown in Figures 9 and 10. A cross-sectional view of a portion of outer ring 26 is shown in cross sectional view in Figure 18. A threaded opening or receptacle is shown molded in ring 26 and indicated by reference character 63. A threaded runner may be coated with an adhesive and screwed into opening 63. It is desirable that some means be available to Such a provision is shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14 where protrusions 61 and 62 are formed on the exterior of the outer ring surface 12. The protrusions are not large enough to interfere with the shooting of the puck but will decrease its tendency to remain on its side. The design of the present invention provides an unusually dynamic appearance, both during play and at rest. The amount of bounce is achieved which provides movement during play remarkably similar to that of the conventional puck used for ice hockey. The term "elastic" as used herein, is intended to convey the property of returning an original shape after deflection but does not necessarily convey a high degree of bounce. The weight of the puck can be easily varied by reducing or enlarging the width of the space between the outer ring and the central member 14 as well as the thickness of the central member. The present embodiments of this invention are thus to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive; the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A puck for use on a non ice surface, said puck being generally cylindrical in shape and having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer peripheral surface and having a vertical central axis when its upper or lower surface is resting on a horizontal floor, said puck comprising: an outer ring having an outer ring surface which comprises the outer surface of the puck, an inner ring surface, an upper surface and a lower surface which comprise the upper and lower surfaces of said puck; at least three runners extending upwardly from said upper surface and at least three runners extending downwardly from the lower surface, whereby said puck rides on said runners whether it is resting on its upper surface or on its lower surface; an open area formed inwardly from said inner ring surface of said outer ring said open area permitting the inwardly directed deflection of an entire portion of the outer ring; and a central member supported centrally about said vertical central axis and held to said outer ring by attachment means affixed to said inner ring surface of said outer ring and said puck being fabricated from an elastic material so that the outer ring will deflect toward the vertical central axis when the outer surface of said outer ring is struck against a wall or other object whereby excess bounce is prevented while nonetheless using a firm material of construction. 2. The puck of claim 1 wherein said attachment means comprises plurality of arms, each arm being attached to said central member at one end and to the inner ring surface at the other end. The puck of claim 2 wherein there are three arms. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the runners are stationary runners and there are three runners on the upper surface and three runners on the lower surface and all runners have the same height. 5. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the runners are stationary runners and there are six runners on each surface and all runners are of the same height. 6. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the runners are stationary runners and there are six runners on each surface, three of one height and three of a lower height. 7. The puck of claim 6 wherein and the three runners on each surface of one height are metal and the three runners of the lower height on each side are fabricated from a polymer. 8. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the runners are stationary runners and the runners are removable and replaceable. 9. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the runners are stationary runners and said runners and are formed from one integral material. 10. The puck of any one of claims 1 - 3 wherein the puck has a hollow shaft imbedded in the outer ring below each of the runners and each of said runners has an upper head and a lower head and the upper head of such runner has a shank which fits into a hollow shaft held in said puck. 11. The puck of claim 10 wherein said hollow shaft is fabricated from a metal. 12. The puck of claim 10 wherein said shank is tapered. 13. The puck of claim 10 wherein said hollow shaft is fabricated from a polymer. 14. A puck for use on a non-ice surface, such as cement, said puck being generally cylindrical in shape and having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer peripheral surface, and having a vertical central axis when its upper and lower surfaces resting on an horizontal floor, comprising: an outer ring having an outer ring surface which comprises the outer surface of the puck, an inner ring surface, an upper surface and a bottom surface which comprise the upper and lower surfaces of said puck; a central member supported centrally about said vertical central axis and held to said outer ring by three curved arms extending to the inner ring surface; at least three runner means extending upwardly from the top surface of said outer ring and extending downwardly from said lower surface of said outer ring whereby said puck rides on said runner means whether it is resting on its upper surface or its lower surface; and an open area formed inwardly from said inner ring surface of said outer ring whereby the tendency of the puck to rise from the surface of play is greatly reduced. 15. The puck of claim 14 wherein said central member has a central recess centrally located therein. 16. The puck of claim 14 further including at least one protrusion formed on the outer peripheral surface of said puck to decrease the tendency of the puck to remain on its outer peripheral surface. 17. A puck for use on a non ice surface, said puck being generally cylindrical in shape and having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer peripheral surface and having a vertical central axis when its upper or lower surface is resting on a horizontal floor, said puck comprising: an outer ring having an outer ring surface which comprises the outer surface of the puck, an inner ring surface, an upper surface and a lower surface which comprise the upper and lower surfaces of the puck, said puck further including a plurality of grooves formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of said outer ring, said grooves extending from the outer ring surface to the inner ring surface whereby the spinning of the puck is far more visible and the puck is less likely to lift from the surface of play; at least three runners extending upwardly from said upper surface and at least three runners extending downwardly from the bottom surface, whereby said puck rides on said runners whether it is resting on its upper surface or on its lower surface; and an open area formed inwardly from said inner ring surface of said outer ring and said puck being fabricated from an elastic material so that the outer ring will deflect toward the vertical central axis when the outer surface of said outer ring is struck against a wall or other object whereby excess bounce is prevented while nonetheless using a firm material of construction. 18. A puck for use on a non ice surface, said puck being generally cylindrical in shape and having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer peripheral surface and having a vertical central axis when its upper or lower surface is resting on a horizontal floor, said puck comprising: an outer ring having an outer ring surface which comprises the outer surface of the puck, an inner ring surface, a top surface and a bottom surface which comprise the top and bottom surfaces of said puck; at least three runners extending upwardly from said upper surface and at least three runners extending downwardly from the lower surface, whereby said puck rides on said runners whether it is resting on its upper surface or its lower surface and wherein said runners are removable and replaceable and are held by thread means and the runners have at least an upper head with a lower surface which is serrated and the central portion into which it is threaded has its upper surface serrated so that the heads remain securely threaded in place; and an open area formed inwardly from said inner ring surface of said outer ring and said puck being fabricated from an elastic material so that the outer ring will deflect toward the vertical central axis when the outer surface of said outer ring is struck against a wall or other object whereby excess bounce is prevented while nonetheless using a firm material of construction. 19. A puck for use on a non ice surface, said puck being generally cylindrical in shape and having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer peripheral surface and having a vertical central axis when its upper or lower surface is resting on a horizontal floor, said puck comprising: an outer ring having an outer ring surface which comprises the outer surface of the puck, and inner ring surface, a top surface and a bottom surface which comprises the top and bottom surfaces of said puck; at least three runners extending upwardly from said upper surface and at least three runners extending downwardly from the lower surface, whereby said puck rides on said runners whether it is resting on its upper surface or it lower surface and wherein each of said runners has an upper head and a lower head and the upper head of such runner has a shank which fits into a hollow shaft held in said puck and wherein said hollow shaft is serrated and said shank is serrated; and an open area formed inwardly from said inner ring surface of said outer ring and said puck being fabricated form an elastic material so that the outer ring will deflect toward the vertical central axis when the outer surface of said outer ring is struck against a wall or other object whereby excess bounce is prevented while nonetheless using a firm material of construction.

Inventors: BELLEHUMEUR ALEX R, HAARLAMMERT GUY W, NEHMENS JOHN R II, BELLEHUMEUR, ALEX, R., HAARLAMMERT, GUY, W., NEHMENS, JOHN, R., II
Applicants: BELLEHUMEUR ALEX R, HAARLAMMERT GUY W, NEHMENS JOHN R II, BELLEHUMEUR, ALEX, R., HAARLAMMERT, GUY, W., NEHMENS, JOHN, R., II
Application year: 1993
Main classification: A63B67
IPC codes: A63B67