Load cell with horizontal vibrating beam and vertical tension link

Abstract: A load cell, one end of the cell being mounted on a base and the other end of the cell being arranged for connection to a force applying means so that in operation applied loads are transmitted vertically to said other end to distort the cell, and wherein the cell houses a vibrating beam force sensor lying in a plane parallel to the base, the cell being so arranged that the vertical force produced by an applied load to the force applying means is translated into a horizontal force applied to the vibrating beam force sensor.

Description: The present invention concerns load cells and weighing machines and in particular those which use vibrating beam force sensors to sense the load on the load pan of the weighing machine. Vibrating beam force sensors are well known and essentially comprise a beam driven into flexural vibration by piezo electric transducers mounted at its ends. The vibrational frequency changes in response to changes in the tension of the beam and these changes are measured to provide a measurement of the applied tension (US-A-4751849). Such sensors are frequently used in conjunction with what is known as a Roberval mechanism. However the modern tendency is to make machines as compact as possible and the Roberval mechanism as currently used in weighing machines is too high to be used in modern profile machines. Accordingly the present invention has for an object the production of a low profile load cell utilising a vibrating beam force sensor. In accordance with the present invention there is provided a load cell, one end of the cell being mounted on a base and the other end of the cell being arranged for connection to a force applying means so that in operation applied loads are transmitted vertically to said other end to distort the cell, and wherein the cell houses a vibrating beam force sensor lying in a plane parallel to the base, wherein the cell is so arranged that the vertical force produced by an applied load to the force applying means is transferred by means of a vertical tension link and is then translated into a horizontal force applied to the vibrating beam force sensor. Preferably the load cell is machined from a single body of metal. In accordance with a feature of the invention the vibrating beam force sensor is mounted in a cavity extending through the cell the end of the sensor lying nearest to said other end of the cell being fixed to a portion of the cell which is connected to said other end by means of the link, said link being located between the fixed end of the sensor and the point at which load is applied to the cell. In accordance with a still further feature of the invention the portion of the cell connected to said other end by said tension link is connected to the mounted end of the cell via a pivot located beneath the sensor and between the fixed ends of the sensor. In a preferred embodiment the tension link and the pivot are both formed by an additional machined cavity extending through the cell. In order that the present invention may be more readily understood an embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a weighing machine employing a known Roberval mechanism; Figure 2 is a similar view showing a load cell in accordance with the present invention. Referring now to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a traditional type weighing machine comprising a load pan 10 supported above a load cell 11 by a pan support 12, the load cell being in the form of a Roberval mechanism. The cell 11 is made from a suitable metal and essentially comprises a hinged parallelogram. Thus the cell 11 is mounted on a base 13 at one side only, the mounting being indicated at 14. As can be seen the bulk of cell 11 projects cantilever fashion over the base plate 13. The pan support 12 is mounted on the side of the cell 11 remote from mounting 14. The central area of cell 11 is cut away to leave a space 15 which in this embodiment resembles a crude representation of the letter Z. A three beam sensor 16 is mounted in this space by respective top and bottom sensor fixings 17 and 18 and is held under tension even when the cell 11 is unladen. When a load is placed on the weigh pan 10 the cell 11 flexes in response to the added weight and changes the tension in the force sensor 16. In the present embodiment the sensor 16 comprises a central beam surrounded by outer beams with all the beams being of equal width. The beams are manufactured from a single piece of metal which has flanges at each of its ends by means of which the sensor is mounted in the cell 11. In operation of the weighing machine the sensor 16 is driven into flexural vibrations with the outer beams vibrating in anti-phase to the central beam and these vibrations are detected. The frequency of the vibrations varies with the applied load so that a measurement of the load can be derived from the detected frequency. The mechanism shown in Figure 1 is too high to be used in modern low profile weighing machines. In order to meet this objection the present invention proposes replacing the known type of cell with its high profile Roberval mechanism as shown in Figure 1 with the load cell shown in Figure 2. In the embodiment of Figure 2 the load pan is shown at 21 and this is connected to the end frame 22 of a low profile cell mounted to a baseplate 28 at 29. As can be seen this low profile cell also hangs cantilever-fashion over the baseplate 28 with the mounting 29 being remote from the end frame 22. In the Figure 2 embodiment the force sensor is shown at 26 and its attachments to the cell are shown at 25 and 24. It will be appreciated that in the known Figure 1 embodiment the applied load causes increased tension in the sensor 16 in a vertical direction. However in the embodiment of Figure 2 when in operation a load is applied to load pan 21 and is transmitted into the end frame 22 the vertical component of this load is now carried by a tension link 23. The tension link 23 is reduced in width as shown in the view in the direction B. The tension link 23 is narrow and in the centre of the cell, while the pivot 27 is wide in comparison. In response to this tension link at 23 the central mechanism of the cell then pivots about the link 27. The force so generated is then transmitted into the vibrating beam force sensor 26 via its clamping points 24 and 25, any unwanted horizontal forces are contained by the hinged parallelogram Roberval mechanism, the parallelogram taking the cornering forces. It will be appreciated that during weighing operations any displacements in the load cell are very small. For example in the present embodiment the vibrating beam sensor 26 will only extend by 0.04 mm when the load is changed from zero to full load. From this it can be seen that the pivot 27 swings through only a very small angle. It can be seen that when considering the generally horizontal plane extending between the mounting 29 of the cell and the frame end 22 which receives the load to be measured, that pivot 27 lies between the fixed ends of sensor 26 and tension link 23 lies between the end attached to the cell at 24 and the frame end 22. The geometry of the load cell is arranged such that the pivot 27 is subjected purely to a compressive force. The forces on the central elements of the cell are shown by the lines 30, 31 and 32 in Figure 2. This shows the vertical load in tension link 23 as force 32, the horizontal foce in the vibrating beam 26 as force 30 and the compressive force in the pivot 27 as force 31. Another advantage of the cell shown in Figure 2 is that vibrating beam force sensors are sensitive to forces other than direct tension. If the vibrating beam force sensor is subject to torsion where one end rotates relative to the other its frequency of vibration will increase in a similar manner to the frequency increase produced by an increase in axial load. Previously, practical limitations of machining meant that it was impossible to build a one piece loading frame that would not transmit some torsion when the frame itself was subject to torsion. The cell shown reduces the value of the transmitted torsion to a low value. The cell when subjected to torsion becomes stiffer, this tends to cancel the increase in output due to torsion.

Claims: A load cell, one end of the cell (29) being mounted on a base (28) and the other end of the cell (22) being arranged for connection to a force applying means so that in operation applied loads are transmitted vertically to said other end (22) to distort the cell, and wherein the cell houses a vibrating beam force sensor (26) lying in a plane parallel to the base (28), wherein the cell is so arranged that the vertical force produced by an applied load to the force applying means (21) is transferred by means of a vertical tension link (23) and is then translated into a horizontal force applied to the vibrating beam force sensor 26. A load cell as claimed in Claim 1 and machined from a single body of metal (22). A load cell as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the vibrating beam force sensor (26) is mounted in a cavity extending through the cell, the end (24) of the sensor (26) lying nearest to said other end (22) of the cell being fixed to a portion of the cell which is connected to said other end (22) by means of the link (23), said link being located between the fixed end of the sensor (26) and the point (21) at which load is applied to the cell. A load cell as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the portion of the cell connected to said other end (22) by said tension link (23) is connected to the mounted end of the cell via a pivot (27) located beneath the sensor (26) and between the fixed ends (24, 25) of the sensor (26). A load cell as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the tension link (23) and the pivot (27) are both formed by an additional machined cavity extending through the cell. A load cell as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, wherein the tension link (23) is substantially narrower than the pivot (27) and lies in a plane centrally disposed within the cell. A weighing machine including a load cell as claimed in any preceding claim.

Inventors: FORD MICHAEL WILLIAM, FORD, MICHAEL WILLIAM
Applicants: GEC AVERY LTD, GEC AVERY LIMITED
Application year: 1993
Main classification: G01G3
IPC codes: G01G3, G01G21, G01L1