Television standard discriminating apparatus

Abstract: An apparatus which can discriminate an input television signal in a short time between a MUSE signal having a three-value type horizontal synchronizing signal and a popular television signal such as an NTSC signal having a horizontal synchronizing signal consisting only of signals of a single polarity is disclosed. An input television signal is converted into a binary signal (52) by a level comparator (2) using a level between first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal, and the binary signal is delayed by a predetermined time by a delay circuit (6). An exclusive OR signal between the binary signal not delayed (52) and the binary signal delayed (53) is outputted from a gate (8), and a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal is detected by a detector (12). Whether the input television signal is a MUSE signal or a popular television signal is discriminated (16) based on the exclusive OR signal within the predetermined time after the thus detected temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal.

Description: This invention relates to a television signal discriminating apparatus suitable to distinguish between a MUSE (Multiple Sub-Nyquist Sampling Encode) signal which is a form of a transmission signal of high definition television and a popular television signal. It sometimes occurs that one of BS NTSC broadcasting and MUSE broadcasting is alternatively transmitted to a same channel, for example in BS broadcasting. The two transmission systems are quite different in processing of both of an image and sound from each other. Accordingly, it is necessary to discriminate the kind of received signal to change over the processing or mute (erase) both or one of an image and sound. In a conventional television signal discriminating apparatus, whether or not a received signal is a MUSE signal is discriminated by detecting frame pulses which are a reference signal for each frame inserted in a MUSE signal. In the discrimination in the conventional television signal discriminating apparatus, detection of frame pulses over a plurality of frames based on a flywheel effect is performed taking a detection error of the frame pulses by noise or by some other factor into consideration. If muting of sound is performed in accordance with a result of the discriminating method by the conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus described above, then there is a problem that when an input television signal is changed over from a MUSE signal to an NTSC signal, noise is produced for the time of 1/30 x n seconds (n is a number of frames for detection of frame pulses based on a flywheel effect). US - A - 5 027 058 discloses an apparatus for discriminating television signal types in an oscilloscope. The discrimination is carried out by detecting tri-level (HDTV) or bi-level (e.g. NTSC) Hsync pulses by generating a ramp signal (analog of digital) having a slope of one polarity that changes to a slope of the opposite polarity when the Hsync pulse is tri-level and only one type of slope when the Hsync pulse is bi-level. The video standard is further determined by counting lines. FR - A - 2 635 628 discloses an apparatus for detecting and derivating H and Vsync pulses in HDTV signals comprising tri-level pulses, by using a peak rectifying circuit followed by a three-stage comparator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a television signal discriminating apparatus which can distinguish in a short time between a first television signal (for example, a MUSE signal) wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion of a level intermediate between the first and second polarities and a second television signal (for example, an NTSC signal) wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity. In order to attain the object described above, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a television signal kind discriminating apparatus for discriminating an input television signal between a first television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, which level comparison means for converting the input television signal into a binary signal using a value between the first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the first television signal as a threshold value, delay means for delaying the binary signal outputted from the level comparison means by a predetermined delay time, exclusive OR gate means for outputting an exclusive OR between the binary signal outputted from the level comparison means and the binary signal outputted from the delay means, mid-point position detection means for detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal, and discriminating means for discriminating, based on the output of the exclusive OR gate means within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by the mid-point position detecting means, which one of the first and second television signals the input television signal is. Inthis television signal kind discriminating apparatus, an input television signal is converted into a binary signal using a value between the first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the first television signal as a threshold value, and the binary signal is delayed by a predetermined delay time by the delay means. An exclusive OR signal between the binary signal not delayed and the binary signal delayed is outputted from the exclusive OR gate means, and a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal is detected by the mid-point position detecting means. Whether the input television signal is the first television signal or the second television signal is discriminated based on the exclusive OR signal within the predetermined delay time after the detected temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal. Accordingly, the kind of the television signal can be discriminated in a very short time comparing with conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a television signal kind discriminating apparatus for discriminating an input television signal between a first television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, which comprises signal converting means for converting the input television signal from an analog signal into a digital signal and outputting a most significant bit signal representative of a most significant bit of the digital signal, delay means for delaying the most significant bit signal outputted from the signal converting means by a predetermined delay time, exclusive OR gate means for outputting an exclusive OR between the most significant bit signal outputted from the signal converting means and the most significant bit signal outputted from the delay means, mid-point position detection means for detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal, and discriminating means for discriminating, based on the output of the exclusive OR gate means within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by the mid-point position detecting means, which one of the first and second television signals the input television signal is. In this television signal kind discriminating apparatus, an input television signal is supplied to the signal converting means, and a most significant bit signal outputted from the signal converting means is delayed by a predetermined delay time by the delay means. An exclusive OR signal between the most significant bit signal outputted from the signal converting means and the most significant bit signal delayed by the delay means is outputted from the exclusive OR gate means, and a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal is detected by the mid-point position detecting means. Whether the input television signal is the first television signal or the second television signal is discriminated based on the exclusive OR signal within the predetermined delay time after the detected temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal. Accordingly, the kind of the television signal can be discriminated in a very short time comparing with conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus. The present invention will become apparent from the following description of illustrative embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like parts or elements are denoted by like reference characters, in which:- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a television signal kind discriminating apparatus showing a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a time chart illustrating operation of the television signal kind discriminating apparatus when an input television signal is a MUSE signal; Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a modification to the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a time chart illustrating combination of a discrimination signal obtained by the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of Fig. 1 or 3 and another discrimination signal obtained by frame pulse detection by a conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus to make a new discrimination signal. Referring first to Fig. 1, there is shown a television signal kind discriminating apparatus to which the present invention is applied. The television signal kind discriminating apparatus of the present embodiment is generally constructed such that it distinguishes between a MUSE signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal is a three-value synchronizing signal and has a signal portion of a first polarity (for example, the negative polarity), another signal portion of a second polarity (for example, the positive polarity) opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion of a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a popular television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity (for example, the negative polarity), such as, for example, an NTSC signal. The television signal kind discriminating apparatus shown includes a level comparator 2 for converting an input television signal S1 into a binary signal S2 having two high ("H") and low ("L") levels using a signal of an intermediate or mid-point level between a first polarity signal portion and a second polarity signal portion of a horizontal synchronizing signal of a MUSE signal outputted from a horizontal synchronization mid-point level generator 4 as a threshold value and outputting the thus produced binary signal S2. A delay circuit 6 delays the binary signal S2 outputted from the level comparator 2 by a time τ and outputs it as a signal S3. An exclusive OR gate 8 outputs an exclusive OR signal S4 between the binary signal S2 outputted from the level comparator 2 and the binary signal S3 outputted from the delay circuit 6. The exclusive OR signal S4 is supplied to a data input terminal of a latch circuit 10. The latch circuit 10 outputs a signal supplied to the data input terminal thereof when a signal supplied to a G input terminal thereof is at the "H" level, but holds, when the signal supplied to the G input terminal thereof is at the "L" level, a signal supplied to the data input terminal thereof at a falling edge of the signal supplied to the G input terminal thereof. A horizontal synchronization mid-point position detector 12 detects a temporal position of a mid point of a horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal and outputs a signal indicative of the position. A delay circuit 14 delays the output signal of the horizontal synchronization mid-point position detecting circuit 12 by a time τ/2 and supplies a signal S5 thus obtained to the G input terminal of the latch circuit 10. The output signal S6 of the latch circuit 10 is supplied to a frequency detecting circuit 16. The frequency detecting circuit 16 has a threshold value of a suitable frequency for the "H" level of the input signal S6, and determines, when the input signal S6 presents the "H" level in a high frequency, that the input television signal S2 is a MUSE signal, but determines, when the input signal S6 presents the "H" level in a low frequency (that is, presents the "L" level in a high frequency), that the input television signal S2 is a popular television signal such as, for example, an NTSC signal. The frequency detecting circuit 16 can assume various configurations such as a configuration which includes, for example, an integrator of a suitable time constant consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, and a comparator having a suitable threshold value, or another configuration which includes a counter for counting the period of the "H" or "L" level of the input signal S6. The latch circuit 10, the delay circuit 14 and the frequency detecting circuit 16 described above constitutes discriminating means for discriminating, based on the output of the exclusive OR gate 8 within the delay time τ by the delay circuit 6 after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by the horizontal synchronization mid-point position detector 12, which one of a MUSE signal and a popular television signal such as, for example, an NTSC signal the input television signal is. Fig. 2 illustrates operation of the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of Fig. 1 when the input television signal S1 is a MUSE signal. The horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal is a three-value synchronizing signal and is reversed for each horizontal period as seen from the waveform (a) of Fig. 2. The MUSE signal is compared in level by the level comparator 2 with a mid-point level of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal as a threshold level so that it is converted into a binary signal S2 (refer to the waveform (b) of Fig. 2). The binary signal S2 is delayed by the time τ by the delay circuit 6 to make a binary signal S3 (refer to the waveform (c) of Fig. 2). The exclusive OR gate 8 outputs an exclusive OR signal S4 between the binary signal S2 outputted from the level comparator 2 and the binary signal S3 outputted from the delay circuit 6 (refer to the waveform (d) of Fig. 2). The exclusive OR signal S4 presents the "H" level for the time τ after the mid-point position of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal S1 and is supplied to the data input terminal of the latch circuit 10. The horizontal synchronization mid-point position detector 12 detects the temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal S1 and outputs a signal indicative of the position. The delay circuit 14 delays the output signal of the horizontal synchronization mid-point position detecting circuit 12 by the time τ/2 and supplies a thus obtained signal S5 (refer to the waveform (e) of Fig. 2) to the G input terminal of the latch circuit 10. Consequently, the exclusive OR signal S4 which presents the "H" level for the time τ after the mid-point position of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal S1 is detected by the latch circuit 10 at a point of time delayed by the time τ/2 after the mid-point position of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal S1, and a signal S6 ("H") indicative of a result of the detection (refer to the waveform (f) of Fig. 2) is supplied to the frequency detecting circuit 16. The output signal S6 of the latch circuit 10 presents "H" for the full period. Consequently, the frequency detecting circuit 16 discriminates that the input television signal is a MUSE signal. It is to be noted that, while, in the operation illustrated in Fig. 2, the output signal S6 of the latch circuit 10 always presents the "H" level when the input television signal S1 is a MUSE signal, it is estimated that the output signal S6 may present the "L" level in a low frequency due to an influence of noise, but since the threshold value of a suitable frequency is set in the frequency detecting circuit 16, the frequency detecting circuit 16 can discriminate with certainty that the input television signal is a MUSE signal. On the other hand, when the input television signal S1 is a popular television signal such as, for example, an NTSC signal, since the output signal S6 of the latch circuit 10 presents the "L" level in a high frequency, the frequency detecting circuit 16 determines that the input television signal is a popular television signal such as an NTSC signal. In particular, when the input television signal S1 is an NTSC signal, since the horizontal synchronizing signal of the NTSC signal has the form of a negative pulse, the output of the level comparator 2 does not present a change-over between the "H" and "L" levels at any position within the horizontal synchronizing signal at all. Consequently, the position of an output pulse of the exclusive OR gate 8 does not come within the period of the horizontal synchronizing signal. On the other hand, the output of the horizontal synchronization mid-point position detector 12 comes within the horizontal synchronizing signal, and consequently, the output of the latch circuit 10 presents the "L" level. With the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of the embodiment of Fig. 1, since discrimination of a signal is performed for each horizontal period, the kind of a television signal can be discriminated in a very short time from several horizontal periods (H) to ten and several horizontal periods (H). Referring now to Fig. 3, there is shown a modification to the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of Fig. 1 described above. The modified television signal kind discriminating apparatus includes, in place of the level comparator 2, the horizontal synchronization mid-point level generator 4, the delay circuit 6 and the exclusive OR circuit 8 of Fig. 1, an analog to digital (A/D) converter 22 for converting an input television signal S1 from an analog into a digital signal and outputting a most significant bit (MSB) signal S12 representative of a most significant bit of the thus obtained digital signal, a shift register 26 for delaying the most significant bit signal S12 outputted from the analog to digital converter 22 by a time τ and outputting it as a signal S13, and an exclusive OR gate 26 for outputting an exclusive OR between the most significant bit signal S12 outputted from the analog to digital converter 22 and the most significant bit signal S13 outputted from the shift register 26. The shift register 26 may be constituted from a plurality of D-type flip-flops (synchronous flip-flops). The output signal S14 of the exclusive OR gate 28 is supplied to the data input terminal of the latch circuit 10 of Fig. 1. The most significant bit signal S12 outputted from the analog to digital converter 22, that is, the most significant bit (MSB) of the MUSE signal after conversion into a digital signal, is itself a binary signal with a mid-point level of a horizontal synchronizing signal of the MUSE signal employed as a threshold value, and the shift register 26 delays the most significant bit signal S12 by the time τ. The exclusive OR gate 28 receives the most significant bit signal S12 from the analog to digital converter 22 and the most significant bit signal outputted from the shift register 26. The exclusive OR signal S14 from the exclusive OR circuit 28 is supplied to the latch circuit 10 and then to the frequency detecting circuit 16 so that the kind of the input television signal S1 is discriminated by the frequency detecting circuit 16 as described hereinabove. Fig. 4 shows an example wherein a discrimination signal obtained by the television signal kind discriminating apparatus and another discrimination signal obtained based on frame pulse detection by a conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus are combined to make a new discrimination signal. A signal indicative of a MUSE processing effective period shown by the waveform (c) of Fig. 4 can be obtained By logically ANDing the discrimination signal obtained by the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of the present invention shown by the waveform (a) of Fig. 4 and the discrimination signal by the conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus shown by the waveform (b) of Fig. 4, Meanwhile, another signal indicative of an NTSC effective period shown by the waveform (d) of Fig. 4 can be obtained by logically ANDing the discrimination signal by the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of the present invention shown by the waveform (a) of Fig. 4 and the discrimination signal by the conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus shown by the waveform (b) of Fig. 4 and inverting a result of the logical ANDing. Further, a mute signal shown by the waveform (e) of Fig. 4 can be obtained by logically XORing the discrimination signal by the television signal kind discriminating apparatus of the present invention shown by the waveform (a) of Fig. 4 and the discrimination signal by the conventional television signal kind discriminating apparatus shown by the waveform (b) of Fig. 4, The signal indicative of the MUSE processing effective period, the signal indicative of the NTSC processing effective signal and the mute signal obtained in this manner are more accurate than ever. Having now fully described the invention, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many changes and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the attached claims.

Claims: A television signal type discriminating apparatus for discriminating between a first type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, characterised by: level comparison means (2) for converting the input television signal into a binary signal using a value between the first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the first television signal as a threshold value; delay means (6) for delaying the binary signal outputted from said level comparison means (2) by a predetermined delay time; exclusive OR gate means (8) for outputting a signal of the exclusive OR of the binary signal outputted from said of level comparison means (2) and the binary signal outputted from said delay means (6); mid-point position detection means (12) for detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal; and discriminating means (10, 14, 16) for discriminating, based on the output of said exclusive OR gate means (8) within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by said mid-point position detecting means (12), the type of the input television signal. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: horizontal synchronization mid-point level generating means (4) for generating the said threshold value between the first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the first type of television signal. A television signal type discriminating apparatus for discriminating between a first type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, characterised by: signal converting means (22) for converting the input television signal from an analog signal into a digital signal and outputting a most significant bit signal representative of a most significant bit of the digital signal; delay means (26) for delaying the most significant bit signal outputted from said signal converting means (22) by a predetermined delay time; exclusive OR gate means (28) for outputting a signal of the exclusive OR of the most significant bit signal outputted from said signal converting means (22) and the most significant bit signal outputted from said delay means (26); mid-point position detection means (12) for detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal; and discriminating means (10, 14, 16) for discriminating, based on the output of said exclusive OR gate means (28) within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by said mid-point position detecting means (12), the type of television signal. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said delay means (26) is a shift register. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said shift register (26) is constituted from a plurality of D-type flip-flops. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the discriminating means (10, 14, 16) comprises:- temporary storage means (10, 14) for storing therein the output of said exclusive OR gate means (8) within the predetermined time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal detected by said mid-point position detecting means (12); and frequency detecting means (16) for receiving the output of said temporary storage means (10, 14) to detect a frequency of the first or second polarity signal portion of the input television signal and discriminating the type of input television signal based on the result of the detection thereof. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said frequency detecting means (16) has a threshold value for the frequency and compares the frequency of the first or second polarity signal portion of the input television signal with the threshold value and discriminates the type of input television signal such that, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, it discriminates that the input television signal is the first type of television signal, but when the frequency is lower than the threshold value, it discriminates that the input television signal is the second type of television signal. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said temporary storage means (10, 14) includes a delay circuit (14) for delaying the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal outputted from said mid-point position detection means (12) by a second predetermined time, and a latch (10) for latching the output of said exclusive OR gate means (8) in response to the output of said delay circuit (14), said latch (10) having an output connected to said frequency detecting means (16). A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the second predetermined time is equal to one half the first-mentioned predetermined time. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein said frequency detecting means (16) includes an integrator consisting of a resistor and a capacitor and having a suitable time constant, and a comparator for comparing the output of said integrator with a predetermined threshold value. A television signal type discriminating apparatus according to claim 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein said frequency detecting means (16) includes a counter for counting the frequency of the first or second polarity signal portion of the input television signal. A television signal type discriminating method for discriminating between a first type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second type of input television signal in which a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, characterized by the steps of: comparing the level of the input television signal with a threshold level between the levels of the first and second polarity signal portions of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the first type of television signal to convert the input television signal into a binary signal; delaying the binary signal by a predetermined delay time; comparing the binary signal not delayed and the delayed binary signal with each other; detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal; and discriminating, based on a result of the second comparison within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal, which one of the first and second type of television signal the input television signal is. A television signal type discriminating method for discriminating between a first type of input television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal has a signal portion of a first polarity, another signal portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, and a further signal portion having a level intermediate between the first and second polarities, and a second type of input television signal wherein a horizontal synchronizing signal consists only of signals of the first polarity, characterized by the steps of: converting the input television signal from an analog signal into a digital signal; delaying a most significant bit signal representative of a most significant bit of the digital signal by a predetermined delay time; comparing the most significant bit signal not delayed and the delayed most significant bit signal with each other; detecting a temporal position of a mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the input television signal; and discriminating, based on a result of the second comparison within the predetermined delay time after the temporal position of the mid point of the horizontal synchronizing signal, which one of the first and second television signals the input television signal is. A method of producing a signal representative of an effective period of MUSE processing, comprising the steps of: obtaining a first discrimination signal based on the television signal type discriminating method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the first television signal is a MUSE signal; obtaining a second discrimination signal based on a conventional television signal type discriminating method; and ANDing the first and second discrimination signals to obtain the signal representative of the effective period of MUSE processing. A method of producing a signal representative of an effective period of NTSC processing, comprising the steps of: obtaining a first discrimination signal based on the television signal type discriminating method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the first television signal is an NTSC signal; obtaining a second discrimination signal based on a conventional television signal type discriminating method; ANDing the first and second discrimination signals; and inverting a result of the ANDing to obtain the signal representative of the effective period of NTSC processing. A method of producing a mute signal, comprising the steps of: obtaining a first discrimination signal based on the television signal type discriminating method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the first television signal is an NTSC signal; obtaining a second discrimination signal based on a conventional television signal kind discriminating method; and exclusive ORing the first and second discrimination signals to obtain the mute signal.

Inventors: KAWASHIMA HIROYUKI, OKUMURA YUJI, KAWASHIMA, HIROYUKI, OKUMURA, YUJI, Kawashima, Hiroyuki, c/o Sony Corporation, Okumura, Yuji, c/o Sony Corporation
Applicants: SONY CORP, SONY CORPORATION
Application year: 1993
Main classification: H04N5
IPC codes: H04N5, H04N7