Method for removing silyl protecting groups for hydroxy group

Abstract: A method for removing tri-substituted silyl group from β-lactam compound having a tri-substituted silyl group-protecting hydroxy group, which comprises treating with an acid and a fluoride selected from alkali metal fluoride, alkaline earth metal fluoride and hydrogenfluoride of organic or inorganic amine, by which the tri-substituted silyl group can be easily and effectively removed under moderate conditions so that the desired compound can be obtained in high yield at low cost.

Description: The present invention relates to a novel method for removing the protecting group for hydroxy group. Prior Art β-Lactam compounds having a hydroxy group have been known to be useful as an antimicrobial agent having excellent antimicrobial activity or an intermediate thereof. For instance, there are disclosed various β-lactam antimicrobials such as penem antimicrobials [cf. Japanese Patent Second Publication (Kokoku) No. 396/1991, Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 105686/1980, Japanese Patent Second Publication (Kokoku) No. 14679/1992], carbapenem antimicrobials [cf. Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 202886/1985, Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 5081/1986, Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 233077/1985, Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 79147/1989, Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 69586/1980, EP-A-474243], oxapenem antimicrobials [cf. Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 103358/1983], carbacephem antimicrobials (cf. US-A-4,174,316). In the processes for preparing these conventional β-lactam antimicrobials, there are used intermediates having a protected hydroxy group, and such protecting groups for hydroxy group are tri-substituted silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, t-butyldimethylsilyl group, t-butyldiphenylsiliyl group. On the other hand, there have been known various methods for removing the above mentioned tri-substituted silyl groups, for example, 1) treating with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride in the presence of acetic acid [cf. Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 55, pp 3098-3103 (1990)], 2) treating with boron trifluoride ether complex in acetonitrile [cf. Japanese Patent Second Publication (Kokoku) No. 54427/1987], 3) treating with hydrochloric acid in methanol [cf. Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. 123182/1982], 4) treating with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran [cf. Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 55, pp 5110-5117 (1990)], 5) treating with aluminum chloride in anisole [cf. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp 663-671 (1991)], and 6) treating with phosphate buffer (pH 3) in tetrahydrofuran [cf. Japanese Patent First Publication (Kokai) No. - 103084/1987)], and the like. Among the above methods, methods 1), 2) and 3) are used for removal of t-butyldimethylsilyl group, and method 4), method 5) and method 6) are used for removal of t-butyldiphenyl silyl group, triethylsiliyl group and trimethylsilyl group, respectively. In Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 26 no. 5, 1985, pages 681-684 a method of removing a tri-substituted silyl protecting group from a hydroxy residue is disclosed. The method employs tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride in THF. In Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, similar methods are disclosed, employing pyridinium hydrogenfluoride in THF or tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride in THF. The use of trialkylammoniumfluorides for the removal of a silyl group is referred to in Tetrahedron Letters 26(1985), pp. 5393-5396. EP-A-0 078 026 describes the removal of a nitrogen protecting group from a β-lactam compound using a mixture of t-butylammonium fluoride, THF and acetic acid. However, in case that above mentioned tri-substituted silyl groups are removed from compounds having an unstable structure such as β-lactam compounds, the above mentioned conventional methods have various defects, for example, the yield of the product is low because the desired compound is decomposed during the reaction, or the removal of the protecting group is not completely accomplished, or the reagents used therefor are expensive. Brief Description of the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for removing effectively tri-substituted silyl groups from a compound having a tri-substituted silyl group-protecting hydroxy group without decomposition of the desired product, even though the compound has an unstable structure, such as β-lactam compounds. Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a method for removing a tri-substituted silyl protecting group from a hydroxy group of a β-lactam compound of the formula [I-a]: wherein R is a silyl group substituted by three groups selected from a straight chain or branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group and a phenyl group; Alk is a straight chain or branched chain C 1-6 alkylene group; R 1 is an organic group present in a conventional β-lactam antimicrobial; the group of the formula -COOR 2 is a protected or unprotected carboxyl group; X is a group of the formula -CH 2 CH 2 -, -S-CH 2 -, -O-CH 2 -, -CH 2 -, -CH(R 3 )-, -S- or -O-, in which R 3 is a C 1-6 alkyl group; and Y is a sulphur atom, oxygen atom or a single bond; which method comprises treating said β-lactam compound with a fluoride and an acid in a polar solvent, characterized in that the fluoride is a hydrogen fluoride of an inorganic or organic amine selected from NH 4 F, a tri-C 1-6 alkylammonium fluoride, a benzyl (di-C 1-6 alkyl) ammonium fluoride, and pyridinium fluoride, and the fluoride is used in an amount of 1 to 10 equivalents and the acid is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 equivalents to the β-lactam compound. The "acid" may be any strong or weak organic or inorganic acids, for example, lower alkanoic acids (e.g. acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc.), hydroxy-substituted lower alkanoic acids (e.g. citric acid, etc.), trihalogeno-lower alkanoic acids (e.g. trifluoroacetic acid, etc.), lower alkanesulfonic acids (e.g. methanesulfonic acid, etc.), phenylsulfonic acids which may optionally be substituted by a lower alkyl group or a halogen atom (e.g. p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, etc.), mineral acids (e.g. hydrofluoric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.). The above mentioned fluorides and acids may be used in any form, for example, in the form of a mixture of a fluoride and an acid, or in the form of a compound consisting of these two components including a salt, a double salt, a complex, an adduct, etc. The fluoride is used in an amount sufficient to remove the tri-substituted silyl group, and is used in an amount of 1 to 10 equivalents, preferably 4 to 8 equivalents to the starting compound. On the other hand, the amount of the acid varies according to acidity of the acid to be used, but it is usually used in an amount sufficient to keep the pH value of the reaction solution pH 2 to 7, preferably pH 4 to 7, and is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 equivalents, preferably 0.01 to 8 equivalents to the starting compound. In case that a fluoride and an acid are used in the form of a mixture thereof, the fluoride is any one as mentioned above, but ammonium fluoride is preferable. The acid is any one as mentionec above, but lower alkanoic acids and mineral acids are preferable. The mixture of the fluoride and the acid is, for example, a mixture of ammonium fluoride and a mineral acid. In case that the compound consisting of a fluoride and an acid is used, the compound may be any one which contains both a fluoride and an acid as a component, such as a compound wherein these two components act not independently but cooperatively in the reaction system, and a compound wherein said acid does not exist in the form of an acid in the reaction system. Suitable examples of the compound are compounds consisting of a hydrogenfluoride of an inorganic or organic amine such as ammonium hydrogenfluoride (NH 4 F·HF). The compound is used in an amount wherein each component is contained in an amount as mentioned above, and the compound is used in an amount of 1 to 10 equivalents, preferably 4 to 8 equivalents to the starting compound. The reaction can be carried out under cooling or with heating, for example, at 0°C to 50°C, preferably at 15°C to 25°C, in a polar solvent. The polar solvent may be any one which does not affect the reaction. The polar solvent includes, for example, organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, or a mixture of water and these organic solvents. In the present method, the β-lactam compound having a tri-substituted silyl group-protecting hydroxy group is a compound of the formula [I-a]: wherein R 1 , -COOR 2 , X, Y, R and Alk are the same as defined above. The above mentioned β-lactam compounds are useful as antimicrobials, prodrugs thereof, or intermediate thereof. The organic group represented by R 1 in the formula [I-a] is any one which is used for conventional β-lactam antimicrobials, for example, lower alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups (e.g. phenyl group, etc.), heterocyclic groups having at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen atom, oxygen atom or sulfur atom (e.g. pyrrolidinyl group, piperidinyl group, furyl group, thienyl group, imidazolinyl group, pyridyl group, etc.). Besides, these groups may optionally have one or more substituents, and the substituent includes, for example, hydroxy group, a lower alkyl group, an amino-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, amino group, a lower alkylamino group, mercapto group, a lower alkylthio group, amidino group, guanidino group, carbamoyl group, thiocarbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, carbamoyloxy group, cyano group; carboxyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, an aralkyloxycarbonyl group, oxo group, thioxo group, a halogeno group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group (e.g. phenyl group, etc.), a heterocyclic group (e.g. pyrrolidinyl group, piperidinyl group, furyl group, thienyl group, imidazolinyl group, pyridyl group, etc.). The group of the formula: -COOR 2 is a protected carboxyl group in which the protecting group for the carboxyl group may be any conventional one, for example, groups which can be used for prodrugs of β-lactam antimicrobials, or groups which can be removed during the synthesis of β-lactam antimicrobials. The groups which can be used for prodrugs of β-lactam antimicrobials are, for example, ester residues which are metabolized in living body by hydrolysis, for example, groups of the formulae: -Z-OCOR 4 , -Z-OCO 2 R 4 and -Z-O-R 4 (in which Z is a lower alkylene group, R 4 is a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a lower alkenoyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyloxy-lower alkyl group). Suitable examples of these groups are a lower alkanoyloxy-lower alkyl group, a cycloalkylcarbonyloxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkenoyloxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkanoyloxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyloxy-lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkoxy-lower aikyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyloxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkoxycarbonyloxy-lower alkyl group. On the other hand, the groups which can be removed during the synthesis of β-lactam antimicrobials may be any conventional one, for example, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, a halogeno-lower alkyl group, nitrobenzyl group, and a lower alkoxybenzhydryl group. In the present invention, the tri-substituted silyl group used for protecting the hydroxy group is a silyl group which is substituted by three groups selected from a straight chain or branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group and a phenyl group, for example, tri-C 1-6 alkylsilyl groups (e.g. trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, etc.), branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl groups (e.g. t-butyldimethylsilyl group, etc.), C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-branched chain C 1-6 alkylsilyl group (e.g. methyldiisopropylsilyl group, etc.), branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted diphenylsilyl groups (e.g. t-butyldiphenylsilyl group, etc.), and triphenylsilyl group. Among these groups, tri-substituted silyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, especially, branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl groups, C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-branched chain C 1-6 alkylsilyl groups, branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted diphenylsilyl group, triphenylsilyl group are preferable, and branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl groups are more preferable. Throughout the present invention, the "lower alkyl" group, the "lower alkylene group" and the "lower alkoxy group" are ones having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, respectively. The "lower alkanoyl group" and the "lower alkenyl group" are ones having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms, respectively. The "lower alkenoyl group" and the "cycloalkyl group" are ones having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms, respectively. The "lower alkanoic acid" is ones having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and the "lower alkanesulfonic acid" is ones having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples The present invention is illustrated in more detail by the following Examples and Reference Examples. Example 1 A mixture of (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid allyl ester (1.00 g), dimethylformamide (10 ml) and ammonium hydrogenfluoride (459 mg) is stirred at room temperature for three days. To the reaction solution is added a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with a phosphate buffer, and the washing and the phosphate buffer layer are combined, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers are combined, washed, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is crystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate and n-hexane (2:1) to give (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid allyl ester (657 mg). The filtrate of the above crystallization is concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (solvent; chloroform : ethanol = 30 : 1), and further crystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate and n-hexane (2:1) to give (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid ally ester (24 mg). Yield: 88.4 % M.p. 144-145°C Example 2 A mixture of (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimehylsilyloxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid isobutyryloxymethyl ester (3 g), dimethylformamide (20 ml), N-methylpyrrolidone (7 ml) and ammonium hydrogenfluoride (1.21 g) is stirred at 20°C for three days. The reaction mixture is poured into a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layers are combined, washed with water, dried, and concentrated†ed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is crystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate and diisopropyl ether. To the resultant is added diisopropyl ether, and the precipitate is collected by filtration, and washed to give (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid isobutyryloxymethyl ester (2.17 g) as crystals. Yield: 91.0 % M.p. 158-159°C Example 3 (3S,4S)-3-[(1R)-1-t-Butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1S)-1-phenylthiocarbonylethyl]-1-(1-methoxycarbonylmethyl)-2-azetidinone is treated in the same manner as in Example 1 or 2 to give (3S,4S)-3-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-4-[(1S)-1-phenylthiocarbonylethyl]-1-(1-methoxycarbonylmethyl)-2-azetidinone. Examples 4-12 The compounds as listed in Table 1 are treated in the same manner as in Example 1 or 2 to remove the t-butyldimethylsilyl group to give the corresponding de-silylated compounds. Examples 13-16 The compounds as listed in Table 2 are treated in the same manner as in Example 1 or 2 to remove the tri-substituted silyl group (R) to give the corresponding de-silylated compounds. Reference Example 1 (1) (3S,4S)-3-[(R)-1-t-Butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-azetidinone (26.7 g) is suspended in acetonitrile (500 ml), and thereto is added carbonyldiimidazole (14.6 g). The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture is added mercaptomethylmalonic acid diethyl ester (20.3 g), and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, and evaporated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. To the residue is added diethyl ether (500 ml), and the mixture is washed, dried, and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (3S,4S)-3-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-{2,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylthiocarbonyl}ethyl]-2-azetidinone (33 g). (2) The above product (1.4 g) and oxalic chloride isobutyryloxymethyl ester (0.64 g) are dissolved in dichloromethane, and thereto are added 2,6-lutidine (0.34 ml) and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (10 mg) under ice-cooling, and the mixture is stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture are added oxalic chloride isobutyryloxymethyl ester (0.64 g) and 2,6-lutidine (0.34 ml), and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is poured into 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7) (100 ml), and extracted with dichloromethane. The extract is washed, dried, and evaporated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The resulting residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (3S,4S)-3-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-{2,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylthiocarbonyl}ethyl]-1-isobutyryloxymethyloxyoxalyl-2-azetidinone (1.7 g). (3) The above product (1.7 g) is dissolved in a mixture of acetic acid (10 ml) and dichloromethane (10 ml), and thereto is added zinc (5 g) under ice-cooling, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. The insoluble materials are removed by filtration on celite, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is extracted with dichloromethane and the extract is washed, dried, and evaporated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The resulting residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (3S,4S)-3-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-{2,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylthiocarbonyl}ethyl]-1-[1-hydroxy-1-(isobutyryloxymethyloxycarbonyl)methyl]-2-azetidinone (1.5 g). (4) To a solution of the above product (1.5 g) in tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) are added dropwise pyridine (0.21 ml) and thionyl chloride (0.24 ml) at -50°C, and the mixture is stirred at -50 to -40°C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate, and washed, and the organic layer is collected, dried, and evaporated to remove the solvent. The resulting residue; (3S,4S)-3-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-{2,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylthiocarbonyl}ethyl]-1-(1 -chloro-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-2-azetidinone (0.8 g) is dissolved in dimethylformamide, and thereto is added triethylamine (0.34 ml) at -20°C, and the mixture is stirred at -20 to 0°C for one hour. To the reaction mixture is added ethyl acetate (50 ml), and the mixture is washed. The organic layer is collected, dried, evaporated to remove the solvent, and the resulting residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (5R,6S,7S)-7-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-5-methyl-4,8-dioxo-1-aza-4-thia-bicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2-carboxylic acid isobutyryloxymethyl ester (0.62 g). (5) The above product (500 mg) and triphenylphosphine (277 mg) are dissolved in toluene (10 ml), and thereto is added t-butoxy potassium (130 mg) with stirring at -40°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture is stirred at the same temperature for 50 minutes. To the mixture is added dropwise a solution of diphenyl chlorophosphate (312 mg) in acetonitrile (10 ml) at -40°C, and the mixture is stirred for 40 minutes. To the reaction mixture are added (4S)-4-mercaptopyrrolidine-2-thione (155 mg) and isopropylethylamine (148 mg), and the mixture is stirred at -20°C for 80 minutes, and further stirred at -5°C for 90 minutes. The reaction solution is poured into 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is washed, dried, and evaporated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The resulting residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid isobutyryloxymethyl ester (248 mg). Reference Example 2 (1) To a mixture of (3S,4S)-3-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-azetidinone (10 g) and acetonitrile (50 ml) are added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (400 mg), t-butylmercaptan (5.98 g) and 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (8.22 g) at -50°C. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 17 hours, and the insoluble materials are removed by filtration, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethyl acetate is added to the residue, and the mixture is washed, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (3S,4S)-3-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-t-butylthiocarbonyethyl]-2-azetidinone (11.7 g). (2) To a mixture of the above product (320 mg), bromoacetic acid allyl ester (169 mg) and tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) is added dropwise 1 M sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (0.94 ml) in tetrahydrofuran at -65°C to -60°C, and then, the mixture is warmed to -30°C. The reaction mixture is poured into water, and extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer is washed, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography to give (3S,4S)-3-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-4-[(1R)-1-t-butylthiocarbonylethyl]-1-(allyloxycarbonylmethyl)-2-azetidinone (538 mg). (3) To a mixture of the above product (1 g) and tetrahydrofuran (6 ml) is added 1 M solution of sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (4.24 ml) in tetrahydrofuran at -40°C to -30°C. The mixture is stirred at -30°C for 5 minutes, and thereto is added trimethylchlorosilane (230 mg) at -60°C. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, and thereto is added diphenylphosphoryl chloride (598 mg). The mixture is stirred at 0°C for one hour, and the reaction solution is poured into a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0 ), and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is washed, dried, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is purified by reversed phase robber column (RP-8, manufactured by E. Merck) (solvent; acetonitrile : water = 3 : 1) to give (1R,5R,6S)-6-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-1-methyl-2-diphenylphosphoryloxy-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid allyl ester (1.1 g) as oil. (4) To a mixture of the above product (100 mg) and acetonitrile (0.5 ml) are added (4R)-4-mercaptopyrrolidine-2-thione (22 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (21 mg) at 0°C. The mixture is stirred at 0°C for one hour, and poured into a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is washed, dried, and concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography (solvent; n-hexane : chloroform : ethyl acetate = 5 : 5 : 4) to give (1R,5S,6S)-2-[(4R)-pyrrolidine-2-thion-4-ylthio]-6-[(1R)-1-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl]-1-methylcarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid allyl ester (57 mg). Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, tri-substituted silyl groups are effectively removed under moderate conditions from a compound having tri-substituted silyl group-protecting hydroxy group, even though said compound has an unstable β-lactam moiety, so that the desired compound can be obtained easily and in high yield without decomposition of the desired compounds. Accordingly, the method of the present invention is industrially useful as a method for removing protecting groups for hydroxy group.

Claims: A method for removing a tri-substituted silyl protecting group from a hydroxy group of a β-lactam compound of the formula [I-a]: wherein R is a silyl group substituted by three groups selected from a straight chain or branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group and a phenyl group; Alk is a straight chain or branched chain C 1-6 alkylene group; R 1 is an organic group present in a conventional β-lactam antimicrobial; the group of the formula -COOR 2 is a protected or unprotected carboxyl group; X is a group of the formula -CH 2 CH 2 -, -S-CH 2 -, -O-CH 2 -, -CH 2 -, -CH(R 3 )-, -S- or -O-, in which R 3 is a C 1-6 alkyl group; and Y is a sulphur atom, oxygen atom or a single bond; which method comprises treating said β-lactam compound with a fluoride and an acid in a polar solvent, characterized in that the fluoride is a hydrogen fluoride of an inorganic or organic amine selected from NH 4 F, a tri-C 1-6 alkylammonium fluoride, a benzyl (di-C 1-6 alkyl)ammonium fluoride and pyridinium fluoride, and the fluoride is used in an amount of 1 to 10 equivalents and the acid is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 equivalents to the β-lactam compound. A method according to Claim 1, wherein the acid is hydrogen fluoride. A method according to Claim 2, wherein the fluoride and acid together are ammonium hydrogenfluoride (NH 4 F·HF). A method according to Claim 1, wherein the fluoride and acid are added as a mixture. A method according to Claim 4, wherein the mixture of a fluoride and an acid is an ammonium fluoride and a mineral acid. A method according to Claim 1, comprising treating said β-lactamcompound with ammonium hydrogenfluoride (NH 4 F·HF) in a polar solvent. A method according to any preceding Claim, wherein the group R is a tri-C 1-6 alkylsilyl group, a branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl group, a C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-branched chain C 1-6 alkylsilyl group, a branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted diphenylsilyl group or a triphenylsilyl group. A method according to any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the group R is a branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl group. A method according to Claim 8, wherein the branched chain C 1-6 alkyl group-substituted di-C 1-6 alkylsilyl group is a t-butyldimethylsilyl group.

Inventors: HORIKAWA HIROSHI, IWASAKI TAMEO, KONDO KAZUHIKO, HORIKAWA, HIROSHI, IWASAKI, TAMEO, KONDO, KAZUHIKO
Applicants: TANABE SEIYAKU CO, TANABE SEIYAKU CO., LTD.
Application year: 1993
Main classification: C07D477
IPC codes: C07D477, C07D505, C07D503, C07D205, C07D463, C07D501, C07D499