A pump

Abstract: A gear pump which is fitted with a magnetic coupling (6) to ensure against leaks uses circulation of the pump fluid to cool the magnetic coupling. The circulation is established by supplying the pump rotor (4) with radial channels (24) which terminate in recesses on the periphery of the rotor and which are connected to an axial channel (26) in the rotor shaft leading to the end of the shaft which is nearest the magnetic coupling. The fluid which is drawn through the channels (24) is mixed with the main stream of fluid in a section which is cut out of the wall of the pump chamber (16), and fresh cooling fluid is drawn via the chamber (40) to the radial gap in the magnetic coupling.

Description: The invention relates to a gear pump with a magnetic coupling between the motor and the rotor, and where the rear side of the rotor is shaped in order to bring about an active flow of pump fluid through the magnetic coupling via a system of passageways. Pumps provided with a magnetic coupling between the motor and the rotor are used for pumping liquids, such as chemicals, inflammable liquids, foodstuffs, etc. where it is required or desirable to have a completely leakproof pump. Partly due to eddy currents in the magnetic coupling caused by the rotation of the permanent magnet and partly because of bearing and hydraulic losses the magnetic coupling may get inadmissibly hot, so that cooling becomes necessary. This is obtained in known constructions by using the pressure drop across the pump to conduct a part of the pump fluid through the coupling. This entails some disadvantages, however, in particular because the viscosities of the pump fluids are in themselves different, they are temperature dependent, and furthermore the pressure drop across the pump varies, so that there is no control of the coolant, i.e. the part of the pump fluid used for cooling. This means that the cooling of the magnetic coupling has to be individually adapted to the specific pump fluid and its temperature. The leakage of pump fluid for cooling purposes means a reduced pump capacity, and there is a pronounced risk that the calibrated opening for the coolant clogs up because of its small size. The purpose of the invention is to provide an efficient cooling of the magnetic coupling of a gear pump, in particular a gear pump with an internal idler gear by continuously drawing new pump fluid through the coupling and to aim at independence of the pump capacity, the pressure drop across the pump and the sense of rotation of the pump. Furthermore it is a purpose of the cooling system that there is no increased leakage in the pump and that the stationary fluid passages have such dimensions that clogging is avoided. This is obtained in the invention by fitting the rear side of the rotor in a sealing relationship with a recess in the pump chamber, and that a section is cut out in one side of this recess which leads to the pump chamber in order that pump fluid may flow to the rear of the rotor and further through the system of passageways to the magnetic coupling for cooling. From the magnetic coupling the pump fluid continues through the system of passageways and via the section out into the main stream where the two streams mix. The flow conditions are such that an efficient mixture is obtained in the main stream. The construction is such that the section is placed either at the low pressure or at the high pressure side of the pump. Which side is the high pressure and which is the low pressure side is determined by the sense of rotation of the pump. By disposing the section in this way there is no connection for transporting fluid from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. Hence there is no leakage in the pump caused by the cooling provisions. In the present construction the section may have sufficient size to allow a good mixing with the cool main stream. The construction permits making the passageways so large as to avoid any risk of clogging. In the following patent claims 2-5 a particular shape of the rotor for providing the active flow of pump fluid for cooling the magnetic coupling is defined as well as particular dispositions of the passageways. An embodiment of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates it. In the drawing Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the pump, Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the pump chamber, Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the rotor, and Fig. 4 shows the rotor in a part longitudinal section. The pump shown in the drawing comprises a pump housing 2 inside which is placed a rotor 4. The rotor is driven by an electric motor which is not shown via a magnetic coupling 6. The pump comprises a bracket 8 in which a shaft 10 for the motor is carried in bearings, and to the other end of the shaft is fitted the outer part 12 of the magnetic coupling. In the pump housing 2 in which the pump chamber 16 is disposed a bearings carry the shaft 18 one end of which carries the rotor 4 and the other end of which carries the second, inside part 20 of the magnetic coupling. The two parts of the magnetic coupling are separated by a cap 22 which seals off the fluid part of the pump. In order to cool the magnetic clutch by means of the pump fluid four radial channels 24 are formed perpendicular to each other in the rotor which terminate in cut-outs 25. In the rotor shaft an axial channel 26 connects the end of the shaft near the cap 22 to the the channels in the rotor. The channel is carried through the bolt 28 which holds the sleeve 30 for the inside part of the magnetic coupling. From the pump chamber there is a free passage for the pump fluid into the cap 22 by means of passageways 32 in the rear cover 14 into which the bearing 36 for the rotor is fitted. While running, due to centrifugal forces pump fluid in the channels 24 of the rotor will be thrown towards the wall in the pump chamber, and at the periphery of the rotor mixing with the main stream of the pump fluid will take place through a section 38 cut out in the wall. Due to this lower pressure will occur in the channel 26 in the rotor shaft, and pump fluid will be drawn through it into the rotor channels. Hence there will be a fluid flow from the section 38 to the chamber 40 through the passageways 32 and into the ringshaped gap between the cap 22 and the inside part 20 og the magnetic coupling, whereby the coupling is cooled. It is noted that it is not essential for the function that the section 38 be provided with a shape identical to that shown in the drawing, there only has to be a connection to the main stream. By means of the invention there is in a simple manner provided a cooling of the magnetic coupling which avoids the disadvantages of the known cooling method where the cooling fluid is drawn through the magnetic coupling because of the difference in pressure between the low pressure side and the high pressure side of the pump.

Claims: A gear pump with a magnetic coupling between the motor and the rotor (4), in which the rear side of the rotor is shaped to provide an active flow of pump fluid through the magnetic coupling (6) through a system of passageways, characterized in that the rear side of the rotor (4) is fitted rotatably and in a sealing relationship with a recess in the pump chamber (16), and that a section (38) is cut out in the wall of one side of this recess which leads to the pump chamber (16) in order that pump fluid may flow to the rear of the rotor and further through the system of passageways to the magnetic coupling for its cooling, and back to the section (38) into the main stream where mixing takes place. A pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (4) is supplied with one or more channels (24) which run from the inner end of an axial channel (26) in the rotor shaft (18) and towards the periphery of the rotor, preferably ending at the periphery and where the inlet to the channel (26) in the rotor shaft is placed at the magnetic coupling (6), preferably at its far end, in order that while running a pumping effect is created in the rotor channels (24) which causes a flow of pump fluid from the chamber (40) through the magnetic coupling (6), while the pump fluid is taken in through the channel (26) in the rotor shaft (18) and is returned via the channels (24) in the rotor (4) to the chamber (40), and the pump fluid in the coupling is mixed with the main stream of the pump through the section (38) in the wall. A pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the channel (26) in the rotor shaft (18) is a single axial channel. A pump according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the channels (24) in the pump rotor (4) are disposed radially. A pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the pump rotor (4) is supplied with four channels (24) at right angles to each other. A pump according to claim 2, 4, or 5, characterized in that the channels (24) terminate in cut-outs (25) on the periphery of the rotor (4).

Inventors: HANSEN BENT, HANSEN, BENT
Applicants: SMITHSKE AS, A/S DE SMITHSKE
Application year: 1993
Main classification: F04D29
IPC codes: F04C15, F04C2, F04C29