ARRANGEMENT IN A CHAIR

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement in a chair, which for the object of giving the chair (1) a floating or heaving property is specific in that the chair (1) comprises one or more resilient elements (5a-5d) rendering the chair (1) freedom of movement in both vertical and side-wise directions as well as in forward and rearward directions.

Description: ARRANGEMENT IN A CHAIR Field of the invention The present invention relates to an arrangement in a chair. The present arrangement is adaptable to all types of chairs, but will have a specific application within the category of chairs comprising so-called conference chairs, dining-room chairs and working chairs. Prior Art US 2.244.614 (Fox) relates to a rocking chair in which there is allowed an even rocking movement, especially by means of further springs. Said springs are located between curved strips attached to the seat frame and supporting rails, but do not allow for the possibility for moving the chair itself in the vertical direction, let alone in any sideways directions. Further, the rocking chair according to US 2.244.614 is based on the principle of having an arched runner as basis for the rocking movement. US 3.368.843 (Caldemeyer) also relates to a rocking chair in which the rocking movement itself is based on arched side rails. Apart from suggesting a specific type of arched runners, this patent publication does not suggest a chair allowing a combined vertical movement and rocking movement. US 4.372.606 (Faull) suggests a specific type of rocking chair, in which a plurality of springs are located between two plates, there being between said plates provided a plurality of pipes keeping the two plates at a specific distance at the central area thereof. Since at least two such pipes must be provided, there will only be allowed movement in the "rocking" direction, which means that the prior art structure exclude a combined movement in the vertical plane as well as sideways tilting of the chair. FR 914 419 (Nystrδm) also relates to a specific type of rocking chair, but neither does this prior art chair allow any movement in the vertical plane or any sideways movement of the chair. NO 156.634 (Kjersem) discloses so-called tilting runners for being mounted in pairs on the base of a chair, such runners allowing a tilting of the chair for thereby altering the angle of the seat member in relation to a horizontal plane. However, according to this publication there is no sugges¬ tions as to means allowing for a floating or heaving movement of the chair in question. Summary of the invention An object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement in a chair, which allows the chair to "yield" in all directions, which thereby should provide a floating or heaving or even air-walking movement when the user takes her or his various chair sitting positions. A further object of the present invention is in such a chair with expanded liberty of movement, to limit the soft movements of the chair for thereby rendering stabile maximum forwardly tilting and rearwardly tilting positions, respectively. A still further object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement in a chair that may be mass-produced at a low cost in respect to both material and labour. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement in a chair which in a non-expensive and efficient manner can be included in not only novel chair designs, but also in existing chair designs. These objects are achieved in an arrangement as stated in the preamble, which according to the present invention is characterized in that the chair comprises one or more resilient elements redering the chair freedom of movement in both vertical and side-wise directions, as well as in forward and rearward directions. Said one ore more resilient element(s) may appropriately constitute the only connection between the chair seat member and a chair supporting member or floor supporting member. Further, such resilient elements may for example be implemented as for example helical springs, rubber elements, plastic elements, laminates, air pillows, etc, or a combination thereof. Still further, said resilient elements may be located as far down on the chair as possible. Alternatively, said resilient elements may be located just below the chair seat member. Accordingly, the objects are achieved in an arrangement in a chair, which comprises one or more resilient elements which are located at one ore more lower portions of the chair for thereby resting directly on the floor or through a station¬ ary lower part of the chair, or which element or elements are located immediately below the chair seat member, such elements rendering the chair the versatility of allowing movement both vertically and sideways, as well as forwardly and rearwardly. Further features and advantages of the present arrangement appears from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the appended drawings, as well as from the appended patent claims. Brief disclosure of the drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an arrangement in a chair according to the present invention, here comprising one helical spring beneath each chair leg and in combination with supporting rods. Fig. 2 illustrates in side view the chair according to Fig. 1 , including a user sitting a central position. Fig. 3 is a side view similar to Fig. 2, and illustrates a rearwardly tilting sitting position in which the user can utilize any of the supporting rods as foot rests. Fig. 4 is a side view similar to Fig. 2 , wherein the user takes a forwardly tilting sitting position. Fig. 5 illustrates in a larger scale an embodiment which is very similar to the embodiment of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is on a larger scale a perspective view of a variant of the chair according to Fig. 5. Fig. 7 illustrates a side view of another embodiment of an arrangement in a chair according to the invention, compris¬ ing side runners with resilient elements. Fig. 8 illustrates a perspective view of a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment comprising resilient laminated elements. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a variant of an embodiment comprising resilient laminated elements. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a variant of the chair illustrated in Fig. 1, here implemented with intermediate resilient elements. Fig. 12 illustrates perspecitvely a still further embodiment of an arrangement included in a four-legged chair. Figures 13, 14 and 15 illustrate various chair designs without legs, but provided with various embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention. Fig. 16 is a side view of especially an office chair, in which a special embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is included. Fig. 17 is a perspecitive view of especially an office chair, in which yet another embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is included. Detailed disclosure of the embodiments In Fig. 1 which is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an arrangement according to the present invention, reference numeral 1 designates the chair itself, which here comprises a seat member 2, a back member 3, as well as four legs, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, respectively. Underneath each of the legs 4a-4d there are positioned a resilient element, 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d, respectively, and such resilient elements 5a-5d render the chair a freedom of movement not only in the forward direction and the rearward direction, but also in the vertical direction as well as in any side-wise direction. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, in which the resilient elements are mounted on the lowermost portions of each leg, each resilient element 5a-5d rests directly on the floor, respectively, and each of the resilient elements can, of course, yield in all directions, which means in vertical direction and to any side of the chair. When using the chair, the user will thus achieve a floating or heaving movement, and will consequently have the feeling of "gliding" upon the chair. It is to be understood that such resilient elements may be constituted by for example helical springs, rubber elements, plastic elements, laminated elements, air pillows, etc, used separately, or in combination, all of which under the prerequisite that the yielding of the elements and the location thereof bring forth a resilient and soft movement of the chair whilst being used, said elements either implicitly or together with other appropriately means allowing for movements which are kept within normal "user positions" of the chair. In the embodiments according to Fig. 1 , there are on each side of each pair of legs provided side rods, 6a and 6b, respectively, which serve as stopper means, especially in a maximum forwardly tilting position, as this is illustrated in Fig.4, and in an maximum rearwardly tilting position, as this is illustrated in Fig. 3, said side-wisely extending supporting rods 6a and 6b serving as foot rests for the user of the chair, see especially Fig. 3. In Fig. 2 there is illustrated a side view of the chair 1 according to Fig. 1 including a user 8 sitting a central position, whereas Figures 3 and 4 illustrated an extreme rearwardly tilting and an extreme forwardly tilting position, respectively. It is to be understood that the chair 1 according to Figures 1-4 can be used both as an office chair and especially as a conference chair, said chair giving the user 8 a possibility to take various floating or heaving positions, which means a comfortable and appropriate variation of the position of the body, which is favourable in connection with longer sitting periods. In Fig. 5 which on a larger scale illustrates an embodiment which is very similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 1, there is indicated on each side-wise extending supporting bar 6a and 6b, respectively, front protions 6aa and 6ba, respectively, as well as rear portions 6ab and 6bb, respectively, which could be detachably mounted on the respective supporting rod, which means that the chair 1 could optionally be without stopper means 6aa and 6ba, or without rear stopper means 6ab and 6bb. The possibility of removing parts of the supporting rods 6a and 6b, would be in dependence of the stiffnes of the resilient elements 5a-5d, as well as space requirements in the environments where such chairs are to be utilized. In Fig. 6 which illustrates a variant of the chair according to Fig. 5, this chair 1a is provided with a lower supporting bar 7' having U-shaped form, which means that the side-wise extending bar portions 7a and 7b are tied together at the rear of the chair by means of a curved rod portion 7c. Otherwise, the chair 1a in Fig. 6 is similar to the chair 1 in Fig. 5, but the front legs 4a and 4b are here extended upwardly and are curved rearwardly to join the arm rests holding the back member 3. In Fig. 7 which in perspective view illustrate another embodiment of the arrangement according to the present invention, the chair 11 also here provided with seat member 12 and a back member 13, as well as four legs 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d which at their lower portions merge into slightly or partly curved runners 16a and 16b respectively. Below each of the runners 16a and 16b there are provided a plurality of resilient elements, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d and 15e, 15f, 15g, 15h, respectively. When the chair 11 is in the position illustrated in Fig. 7 , i.e., in a central unused position, only the central pair of resilient elements on each runner will touch the floor directly, i.e., elements 15b and 15c on runner 16a and resilient elements 15f and 15g on runner 16b. During use the intermediate resilient elements 15b, 15c, 15f and 15g will render the chair a liberty of movement both in vertical direction as well as in any sideways tilting diretion, including forwardly and rearwardly tilting. When the chair is tilted forwardly, this forward movement will be gently stopped by the front resilient elements 15a and 15e, whilst the chair in its rearward position will be gently stopped by the rear resilient elements 5d and 5h. At the same time the user may tilt side-wise within certain limits, and the front portions of the supporting rods 16a and 16b may also here be used as foot rests, or stopper means, respectively. The resilient elements 15a-15h may here be constituted by helical springs, rubber cushions or plastic cushions and in addition there may in the central portion of the supporting rods be located a further resilient element, which is here indicated with dotted lines and designated with reference numeral 18, such further element having such yielding properties that the previously discussed gliding or floating movements of the chair may be retained. In Fig. 8 there is illustrated in a perspective view some sort of a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 7, the chair 21 also here being provided with a seat member 22 as well as a back member 23 and a head rest 23' . The back member 23 is here prolonged as a flat member below the area of the seat member 22, for as an integral member without specific legs being supported by two specific runners 26a and 26b, each of which are provided with four resilient elements, 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d and 25e, 25f, 25g, 25h, respectively. It is to be understood that the resilient elements 25a-25h can have different resilient properties depending on their mounting position, and a combination of resilient properties and locations will give this embodiment of a chair the possibility of further variants as regards the floating or heaving movements thereof. The specific shape of each of the runners 26a and 26b, resides in a neatly curved front portion of each of said runners. Both in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 there has been illustrated embodiments of runners which have a generally curved shape, i.e., similarly to previously known curved rocker chair runners, but it is to be understood that variants of such embodiments could include straight runners, as discussed in for example connection with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. In Fig. 9 there is illustrated a perspective view of an embodiment of a chair according to the present invention, in which the chair 41 comprising four legs 44a-44d, rests on two supporting rods 46a and 46b, each of which rods 46a and 46b, respectively, resting on resiliant laminated elements 45a, 45b and 45c, 45d, respectively. Also such laminated elements 45a-45d will render the user of a chair a floating or heaving movement allowing tilting in any direction of the chair, including vertical displacements. In addition, the supporting rods 46a, 46b may serve as stopper means for forward and rearward extreme tilting positions, as well as foot rests for the user of the chair. In Fig. 10 which prespectively illustrates a special embodiment of a chair 51 in which the arrangement according to the invention has been implemented. The chair 51 is provided with a seat member 52 and a back rest 53, as well as four legs 54a-54d which rest on a circular supporting element 56, shaped like a round disc, but having a central opening 56a and being provided with a plurality of curved tongues or curved laminates 55n extending from the inner edge of the opening 56a towards the circumferential edge 56b of the disc-shaped supporting element 56, with appropriate slits 57n being arranged therebetween. The ring- or disc- shaped supporting element 56 will due to the resilient properties of the tongues 55n give the user of the chair full freedom in tilting the chair in any direction around a vertical central axis, as well as allowing a vertical upwardly and downwardly resilient movement in addition thereto. It is to be understood that the use of laminated or tongue- shaped resilient elements, as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, can be varied within wide limits, said laminated elements for example taking the shape of a trapezoid, in which example this arrangement could be included in chairs having less than four legs. In Fig. 11 there is illustrated in perspective view a variant of the chair illustrated in Fig. 1 , the chair 71 here being provided with resilient elements 75a-75d which are arranged between two along the side of the chair extending rods 78a and 78b, which are stationary in relation to the floor, and to runner-like rods 76a and 76b. It is to be understood that the lowermost supporting rods 78a and 78b could be replaced by a plate or similar, which also is stationary and resting on the floor. Fig. 12 illustrates in a perspective view a chair 81 having a seat member 82 and a back member 83 as well as four legs 84a-84d, each leg being provided with a lowermost resiliant element 85a, 85b, 85c, 85d, respectively, each of said elements resting directly on the floor. Fig. 13 illustrates in a perspective view a so-called "log chair" 91 , which with its lowermost portion rests on a plurality of resilient elements 95a-95d rendering the chair the above discussed properties, and which are located at the lowermost circumference of the chair. It is to be understood that in such a chair the resilient elements could also be located somewhat inside the outer circumference of the bottom portion of the chair, and it is also to be understood that in chairs having such a round lower portion, the number of resilient elements as well as the location thereof could be varied within wide limits. Fig. 14 illustrates a chair 101 in perspective view, being of closed type and comprising a plurality of resilient elements 105 attached to the bottom portion of the chair and resting directly on the floor. It is to be understood that the location of such elastic or resilient elements 105 could be located closer to the centre portion of the bottom surface of such chairs. Fig. 15 illustrates a special embodiment of a chair 111 taking the form of a bent plate having a seat portion 112 and a back portion 113, as well as a lower portion 116 to which are attached a plurality of elastic or resilient elements 115. It is to be understood that the number of resilient elements can be varied within wide limits, it being understood that only one resilient element at the bottom of the chair, or two, three or several resilient appropriately located and tuned elements could be contemplated, said elements being adapted to each other and in conformity with the expected resilient properties of the chair in question. Fig. 16 illustrates in a side view an example of a typical office chair, in which the chair 121 comprises a seat member 122 and back member 123, and wherein one or several resilient elements 125 is or are provided immediately below the seat member 122. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 16, the resilient element or elements take the form of downwardly from the bottom surface of the chair member 122 curved leaf springs 125, the end portions 125a thereof being attached to the bottom surface of the seat member 122, whereas the central portions thereof are provided on an adjustable supporting column 124 resting on the base 126 of the chair 121. The base 126 of the chair is appropriately provided with castors 127, for thereby allowing rolling of the chair 121 along the floor 129. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 17, there is illu- strated an office chair 131 having a seat member 132 and a back member 133, as well as three resilient members 135a- 135c provided immediately below the chair seat member 132, said resilient elements 135a-135c resting on a three-armed supporting member 138 which in turn is provided on the top of an adjustable supporting collumn 134, which in turn is carried by a base 136 provided with castors 137. It is to be understood that the office chairs according to Figures 16 and 17 could be modified within wide limits, the number of resilient elements and the type of material from which these are manufactured, being subjected to selections, adaptions and modifications, all in dependence of the expected universal freedom of movement to be built into these chairs.

Claims: P a t e n t c l a i m s 1. Arrangement in a chair (1 ) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the chair (1 ) comprises one or more resilient elements (5a-5d) rendering the chair (1 ) freedom of movement in both vertical and side-wise directions as well as in forward and rearward directions. 2. Arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that said one or more resilient element(s) constitute the only connection between a chair seat member and a chair supporting member or floor supporting member. 3. Arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the one or more resilient elements are constituted by for example helical springs, rubber elements, laminated elements, plastic elements, air bags, etc., or a combination thereof. 4. Arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that said one or more resilient elements are located lowermost on the chair. 5. Arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one or more resilient elements are located in the immediate vicinity of the seat member of the chair. 6. Arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 1-4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one or more resilient elements are located on a portion of the chair facing towards the floor, for thereby resting directly on said floor. 7. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, especially in connection with a chair (1) having four legs (4a-4d), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one resilient element (5a-5d) is located beneath each leg (4a-4d), respectively. 8. Arrangment as claim in claim 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the chair (1 ) comprises supporting rods (6a, 6b) extending along the sides of the chair and serving as stoppers, especially in a maximum forwardly tilting position (Fig. 4) and a maximum rearwardly tilting position (Fig. 3), and also serving as foot rest (Fig. 3) for the user (8) of the chair (1). 9. Arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 1-7, especially in connection with a chair (11) which is provided with a pair of runners (16a, 16b), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that on the bottom side of each runner (16a, 16b) there are provided resilient elements (15a-15d) rendering the chair (11) freedom of movement in both vertical and side-wise direction, as well as in rearwardly tilting and forwardly tilting directions. 10. Arrangement as claimed in claim 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the arrangement comprises two resilient elements (15b, 15c, respectively 15f, 15g) below each runner (16a, respectively 16b), perferably in the area below the seat member (12), and that the runners have a straight or curved form and are extended ahead of and rearwardly of the seat member (12) for serving as stoppers in a maximum forwardly tilting position and maximum rearwardly tilting position, respectively, whilst simultaneously serving as a foot rest for the user of the chair. 11. Arrangement as claimed in claim 9 or 10, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the straight or arched runners (16a, 16b; 26a, 26b) are provided with intermediate resilient elements (15b, 15c, 15f, 15g; 25b, 25c, 25g, 25h) as well as a resilient element (15a, 15e, 15d, 15h; 25a, 25e, 25d, 25h) at each end of the respective runner. 12. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the resilient elements can have various resilient properties and sizes and be manufactured from various materials, for example a combination of helical springs and rubber elements (Fig. 7). 13. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the one or more elements comprise resilient laminated elements provided on the bottom side of longitudinally extending or circumferen- cially extending supporting members (Fig. 9 and Fig. 10). 14. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the resilient element (56) is shaped like a ring or disc, having an opening (56a) therein, said resilient element (56) comprising a plurality of flexible tongues (55n) with slits (57n) therebetween, said tongues (55n) having a curved shape towards said opening (56a). 15. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the resilient elements (54a-54d) are provided as laminated ellongated elements provided at the bottom of runners (46a, 46b) on which the body of the chair (41) is supported. 16. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the resilient elements are provided between lower portions (76a, 76b) of the chair (71) and the one or more members, for example a plate or similar (78a, 78b) resting against the floor (Fig. 11). 17. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the arrangement comprises one or more resilient elements (95a-95d; 105a- 105d; 115a-115d) which are located at one or more lower or bottom portions of the chair (91; 101; 111) for thereby resting directly against the floor, said elements rendering the chair freedom of movement both in vertical and side-wise directions, as well as in rearwardly tilting and forwardly tilting directions. 18. Arrangement as claimed in any of the preceding claims , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that one or more resilient elements are provided immediately below the chair seat member (122; 132) . 19. Arrangement as claimed in claim 18, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that three or more resilient elements (135-135c) are provided on a three-armed or multiple-armed carrying member (138) which in turn is mounted on an adjustable supporting column (134) on the base (136) on the chair (131). 20. Arrangement as claimed in claim 18, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the resilient element (135) takes the form of downwardly from the bottom of the chair seat member (122) curved leaf springs, the end portions (125a) of which being attached to the bottom side of the chair seat member (122) and the centre portion thereof being attached to an adjustable supporting column (124) on the base (126) of the chair (121). 21. Arrangement as claimed in any of the claims 18-20, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the one or several resilient elements are mounted on an adjustable supporting column carried by a chair base provided with castor wheels (127; 137).

Inventors: OPSVIK PETER, OPSVIK, PETER
Applicants: OPSVIK PETER, OPSVIK, PETER
Application year: 1992
Main classification: A47C3
IPC codes: A47C3