Method of manufacturing a magnetic head, and magnetic head manufactured by means of said method

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a magnetic head having a tape contact face (5) with transducing gaps, which method starts from a substrate (1) on which a magnetic head structure is formed layer by layer. A magnetic head structure comprises magnetoresistive elements (E1-E11) connected each to first connection faces (13a, 13b) by means of at least two first connection tracks (11a, 11b), and flux guides (19a, 19b) for cooperating with the magnetoresistive elements. An electrically conducting uninterrupted layer (27) extending parallel to the tape contact face to be formed is provided during formation of the magnetic head structure, which layer is interrupted locally when the tape contact face is being formed so as to define spatially separated electric conductors for biasing at least one magnetoresistive element. Each electric conductor is connected to second connection faces (17a, 17b) by means of at least two second connection tracks (15a, 15b).

Description: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a magnetic head having a tape contact face and transducing gaps, which method starts from a substrate on which a magnetic head structure is formed layer by layer, said structure comprising magnetoresistive elements connected each to first connection faces by means of at least two first connection tracks, and flux guides for cooperating with the magnetoresistive elements. A method as described hereinbefore and a magnetic head obtained by means of said method are known from NL-A-8 901 373. The known magnetic head has a plurality of transducing gaps consisting at least partly of a non-magnetic material for cooperating with a magnetic information carrier which can be moved in at least one direction of movement. The transducing gaps are provided side by side and their longitudinal direction extends parallel to the direction of movement of the information carrier. The magnetic head is intended for reading information which is present at different wavelengths and in different tracks on the information carrier, while flux guides ensure the transfer of the magnetic flux to magnetoresistive elements. The magnetic head may be used, for example, in magnetic tape apparatuses such as audio or video recorders. The magnetoresistive elements may be of a type as described in US-A 4,052,748. For biasing the magnetoresistive elements the known magnetic head has a plurality of electric conductors functioning as bias windings each of which cooperates with one or several magnetoresistive elements. In accordance with the known method the electric conductors are arranged spatially separated from each other and each is provided with two connection tracks and connection faces when the magnetic head structure is being formed. After the complete magnetic head structure has been formed in accordance with the known method, the structure is protected by means of a counterblock. After the counterblock has been provided, the tape contact face is formed by mechanical treatments such as grinding, at which the magnetic head structure formed does not undergo any changes. A drawback of the known method is that the known magnetic head structure does not comprise any suitable means for simply performing measurements during the manufacture so as to determine the magnetical behaviour of the magnetoresistive elements which have been provided. This drawback could be obviated by providing the magnetic head structure with an extra uninterrupted test winding extending along all magnetoresistive elements. However, such an additional electrically conducting layer would render the magnetic head more complex and would give rise to problems in connection with the limited space available, particularly due to the presence of the required connection faces. Moreover, additional method steps are required to form such a test winding. It is an object of the invention to provide a method in which the magnetic head structure is formed in such a way that it has a suitable configuration to determine the behaviour of the magnetoresistive elements during manufacture of the magnetic head without an extra method step and/or an extra layer being required. To this end the method according to the invention starts from a substrate and comprises the steps of: the formation of a magnetic head layer structure on the substrate, during which formation magnetoresistive element, flux guides for cooperating with the magnetoresistive elements, first connection tracks and first connection faces are formed, at least two first connection tracks connecting each magnetoresistive elements to the first connection faces, during which formation an electrically conducting uninterrupted layer extending parallel to a tape contact face to be formed, second connection tracks and second connection faces are further formed, whereby said second connection tracks and faces are electrically connected to said uninterrupted layer, the formation of the tape contact face by removing portions of the layer structure including portions of the uninterrupted layer whereby spatially separated electric conductors each for biasing at least a magnetoresistive element, are formed, at least two second connection tracks connecting each separated electric conductor to the second connection faces. An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the electric conductors initially form part of the uninterrupted layer and are therefore interconnected so that they can be utilized as test windings in that state during manufacture, particularly during the wafer stage, when measuring the properties of the magnetoresistive elements. The parts of the uninterrupted layer connecting the electric conductors are preferably formed in such a way that they are automatically removed when the tape contact face is being formed, by removal of material, so that the interconnection between the conductors is interrupted and the conductors can be driven independently of each other after the tape contact face has been formed. Said parts of the uninterrupted layer therefore preferably project beyond the tape contact face to be formed. To measure magnetic and/or electrical properties of the magnetic head assembly formed, measuring pins of a measuring device are consecutively contacted with the two connection faces of each magnetoresistive element and the ends of the uninterrupted layer are to be connected to the terminals of a current source. It has been found that it has practical advantages to establish the connection, during the measurement, between the current source and the uninterrupted layer used as a test winding by means of contact pins which move synchronously with the measuring pins. To achieve this, an embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that two spatially separated electrically conducting tracks are provided during formation of the magnetic head structure, which tracks extend parallel to the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer and are present in an area located beyond the tape contact face to be formed, said tracks being connected each to one end of the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer, each to a terminal of a current source when the measurement is being performed and each being removed when the tape contact face is being formed. An advantage of the temporarily present electrically conducting tracks is that relatively simple measuring equipment is required, having, for example, a support with two measuring pins and two contact pins, and that the measuring procedure can be performed automatically, i.e. fully computer-controlled. It is to be noted that JP-A 60-43215 discloses a method of manufacturing a magnetic head with a plurality of magnetoresistive elements which method comprises the polishing of a head face in two steps. In a first step rough polishing is controlled by means of patterns, while in a second step finish polishing is controlled by means of an uninterrupted magnetoresistive layer extending parallel to a tape contact face to be formed. As the tape contact face is formed by removing portions of the head's layer structure including portions of the uninterrupted magnetoresistive layer, spacially separated magnetoresistive elements are formed. It is further to be noted that JP-A 62-99911 discloses a magnetic head having a magnetoresistive element and a grinding quantity discrimination section extending parallel to the magnetoresistive element. One external terminal of the magnetoresistive element and one external terminal of the discrimination section are in common. The invention will now be described in greater detail by way of example with reference to the drawing in which: Fig. 1 shows a layout of an embodiment of the thin-film magnetic head according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-section taken on the line II-II transverse to the tape contact face through a transducing gap of the magnetic head of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows a layout of the magnetic head of Fig. 1 in a stage of manufacture in which the counterblock has not yet been provided and the tape contact face has not yet been formed. Fig. 3 also shows diagrammatically a measuring circuit. In this embodiment the magnetic head according to the invention, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, comprises a support or substrate 1 of a magnetic material, namely NiZnFe on which a structure of magnetic layers, electric layers and insulation layers is provided, the structure being protected by a counterblock 3. In this embodiment the magnetic head has a tape contact face 5 with eleven transducing gaps for cooperating with an information carrier 7 which moves in a direction x along the tape contact face. A group of nine gaps S1 to S9 of the eleven transducing gaps is intended for reading information in a digital form and a group of two gaps S10 and S11 is intended for reading information in an analog form. The gaps S1 to S9 for digital use generally have a smaller gap length than the gaps S10 and S11 for analog use. Moreover, the gap length may be chosen to be such that both analog and digital information can be read through one and the same gap. In this embodiment the magnetic head has an insulation layer 9 provided on the substrate 1, which layer carries three electric conductors C1, C2 and C3 which may extend into the transducing gaps. The magnetic head also comprises eleven magnetoresistive elements E1 to E11, further denoted as MR elements and consisting of, for example an NiFe layer on which conducting strips of, for example Au have been provided for forming so-called barber poles. Each MR element E1 to E11 has a pair of connection tracks 11a and 11b, hereinafter referred to as first connection tracks which terminate in first connection faces 13a and 13b, respectively. In the embodiment shown the eleven first connection faces 13b are interconnected. Both the first connection tracks and the first connection faces are preferably made of Au. It is to be noted that an MR element provided with a barber pole is known per se and is described, inter alia in the above-mentioned US-A-4,052,748. Said electric conductors C1, C2 and C3 are used to control or bias the MR elements E1 to E9, E10 and E11, each element being provided with a pair of second connection tracks 15a and 15b which terminate in second connection faces 17a and 17b, respectively. The magnetic head also comprises eleven pairs of flux guides, each pair comprising a first or front flux guide 19a and, spaced apart therefrom, a second or rear flux guide 19b. The front flux guide 19a extends as far as the tape contact face 5 for cooperating with the magnetic information carrier 7. The MR elements E1 to E11 are present between the substrate 1 and the flux guides, each MR element forming a bridge between a first and a second flux guide 19a and 19b. In certain constructions and for certain uses it is possible to omit the rear flux guides. The electric conductors, the MR elements and the flux guides are electrically insulated with respect to one another by a plurality of insulation layers denoted by the reference numerals 21 and 23 in Fig. 2. A further insulation layer 25 in the form of, for example an adhesive layer is present between the joint flux guides 19a and 19b and the counterblock 3. Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the method according to the invention will now be described in greater detail. Starting from the substrate 1, a magnetic head structure is provided layer by layer by means of a thin-film technique. When the magnetic head structure is being built up, an uninterrupted electrically conducting layer 27 is provided on the insulation layer 9 by means of, for example sputtering or vapour-deposition of Au, and by subsequent structuring. The uninterrupted layer 27 has projecting parts, in this example the projecting parts 27a and 27b which extend as far as an area 29 located in front of the envisaged tape contact face 5. Preferably simultaneously with the structuring of the uninterrupted layer 27 the required second connection tracks 15a and 15b and the second connection faces 17a and 17b are formed, which tracks and faces are electrically connected to the uninterrupted layer. Furthermore two tracks 31 and 33 extending parallel to the uninterrupted layer 27 and extending mutually parallel may be formed during the same step of the method. One of the tracks 31 formed is electrically connected to a first end 35 of the uninterrupted layer 27 and the other track 33 is electrically connected to a second end 37 of the uninterrupted layer 27. Both layers 31 and 33 are present in the area 29 . After the insulation layer 21 has been provided, the MR elements E1 to E11 provided with barber poles and the associated first connection tracks 11a and 11b and first connection faces 13a and 13b are formed. After the insulation layer 23 has been provided, the flux guides 19a and 19b are formed. Subsequently the electric resistance of the MR elements is measured, followed by a measurement to check the magnetic behaviour ofthe MR elements. To this end the ends 35 and 37 of the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer 27 are connected to an AC source I and the voltage across the MR elements E1 to E11 is measured by means of a voltmeter V. The presence of the electric tracks 31 and 33 provides the possibility of performing said measurement by means of a simple mechanical device which comprises a displaceable supporting element 39 having four pins 41 to 44. The pins 41 and 42 are contact pins for connecting the current source to the electric tracks 31 and 33 and the pins 43 and 44 are measuring pins for connecting the voltmeter to the first connection faces 13a and 13b. After measuring, the manufacture of the approved product can be continued. To this end the counterblock 3 is provided first and subsequently the tape contact face 5 is formed by means of, for example sawing, grinding and polishing. When the tape contact face 5 is being formed, the electric tracks 31 and 33, as well as the projecting track parts 27a and 27b of the uninterrupted layer 27 are removed, resulting in the magnetic head as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, provided with three conductors C1, C2 and C3 which function as separate bias windings. The invention is of course not limited to the embodiment shown. The method according to the invention can also be used for manufacturing magnetic heads having a larger or smaller number of gaps and/or electric conductors than the number shown. It is further to be noted that the electric tracks may be dispensed with in measurements in which all MR elements are measured simultaneously.

Claims: A method of manufacturing a magnetic head which method starts from a substrate (1) and comprises the steps of: the formation of a magnetic head layer structure on the substrate, during which formation magnetoresistive element (E1-E11), flux guides (19a, 19b) for cooperating with the magnetoresistive elements, first connection tracks (11a, 11b) and first connection faces (13a, 13b) are formed, at least two first connection tracks connecting each magnetoresistive element to the first connection faces, during which formation an electrically conducting uninterrupted layer (27) extending parallel to a tape contact face (5) to be formed, second connection tracks (15a, 15b) and second connection faces (17a, 17b) are further formed, whereby said second connection tracks (15a, 15b) and faces (17a, 17b) are electrically connected to said uninterrupted layer 27, the formation of the tape contact face (5) by removing portions of the layer structure including portions of the uninterrupted layer (27) whereby spatially separated electric conductors (C1, C2, C3), each for biasing at least a magnetoresistive element, are formed, at least two second connection tracks (15a, 15b) connecting each separated electric conductor to the second connection faces (17a, 17b). A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that prior to the formation of the tape contact face (5) the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer (27) is used as a test conductor when measuring properties of the magnetoresistive elements (E1-E11). A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer (27) is being provided, it is locally provided with projecting parts (27a, 27b) extending beyond the tape contact face (5) to be formed, which parts are removed when the tape contact face (5) is being formed, while the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer is interrupted locally so as to define the separated electric conductors (C1, C2, C3). A method as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that two spatially separated electrically conducting tracks (31, 33) are provided during formation of the magnetic head structure, which tracks extend parallel to the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer (27) and are present in an area located beyond the tape contact face (5) to be formed, said tracks being connected each to one end of the electrically conducting uninterrupted layer, each to a terminal of a current source when the measurement is being performed and each being removed when the tape contact face is being formed.

Inventors: GASSEN HELMUT JOHANNES, RAEMAEKERS EUGENE LEONARDUS MA, SMITS WILHELMUS JOSEPH MARIA, GASSEN, HELMUT JOHANNES, RAEMAEKERS, EUGENE LEONARDUS MARIE, SMITS, WILHELMUS JOSEPH MARIA, Raemaekers, Eugène Leonardus Marie
Applicants: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV, PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: G11B5
IPC codes: G11B5