2-(2-BENZO(b)THIENYL)-3-METHOXYACRYLATE AND -2-IMINOACETATE DERIVATIVES TO BE USED AS PESTICIDES

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group of the formula CH(Ia); R1 is C1-C4alkyl; and either R2 and R3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, halo-C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4alkoxymethyl, C1-C4alkylthio, C1-C4alkylthiomethyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C1-C4alkyl, heteroaryl-C1-C4alkyl, aryloxy-C1-C4alkyl, heteroaryloxy-C1-C4alkyl, arylthio-C1-C4alkyl, heteroarylthio-C1C4alkyl, arylcarbonyl or heteroarylcarbonyl group, C2-C4alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl-C2-C4alkenyl or heteroaryl-C2-C4alkenyl group, C2-C4alkynyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl or cyano, or R2 and R3 together with the carbon atom to which R2 and R3 are attached are an unsubstituted or substituted saturated or unsaturated, carbo- or heterocyclic 4- to 7-membered ring to which an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring may be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form can be used as agrochemical active ingredients.

Description: 2-(2-Benzo(b)thienyl )-3-metπoxyacrylate and -2-iminoacetate derivatives to be used as pesticides The invention relates to compounds of the formula in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group of the formula CH (la); R, is C r C 4 al yl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 al yl, C r C 4 alkoxy, C r C 4 al oxymethyl, C r C 4 al ylthio, C r C 4 alkylthiomethyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryl-C r C 4 alkyl, aryloxy-C r C 4 alkyl, heteroaryloxy-C 1 -C 4 al yl, arylthio-C r C 4 al yl, heteroarylthio-C,-C 4 alkyl, arylcarbonyl or heteroarylcarbonyl group, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl-C 2 -C 4 al enyl or heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 al enyl group, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloal yl or cyano, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted or substituted saturated or unsaturated, carbo- or heterocyclic 4- to 7-membered ring to which an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring may be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, to a process for the preparation and to the use of these compounds, and to pesticides whose active ingredient is selected from amongst these compounds, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, and to a process for the preparation and to the use of these compositions. Some of the compounds I can exist in the form of salts. This is because they form acid addition salts when they have at least one basic centre. These acid addition salts are formed for example with strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids, for example sulfuric acid, a phosphoric acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic carboxylic acids such as unsubstituted or substituted, for example halogen-substituted, C 1 -C 4 alkanecarboxylic acids, for example acetic acids, such as optionally unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids such as unsubstituted or substituted, for example halogen-substituted, C 1 -C alkane- or arylsulfonic acids, for example methane- or p-toluenesulfonic acid. Agrochemically advantageous salts are preferred within the scope of the invention; but it also embraces salts which are disadvantageous for agrochemical purposes, for example salts which are toxic to bees or fish, and which are employed, for example, for isolating or purifying free compounds I or, if appropriate, agrochemically advantageous salts thereof. Since the compounds I in free form and in the form of salts thereof are closely related, the free compounds I or salts thereof hereinabove and hereinafter are, if appropriate, also to be understood analogously as meaning the corresponding salts, or the free compounds I. Unless otherwise defined, the general terms used hereinabove and hereinafter have the meanings given below. Unless otherwise defined, carbon-containing groups and compounds contain in each case 1 up to and including 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms (C atoms). Aryl R 2 and/or R 3 - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as aryl-Ci- alkyl, aryloxy-C^ alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C 4 a-- yl, arylcarbonyl and aryl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl groups - is a carbocyclic aromatic group, has in particular 6 to 14 carbon atoms and is, for example naphthyl, phenanthryl or in particular phenyl. Heteroaryl R 2 and or R 3 - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as heteroaryl-C 1 -C 4 allcyl, heteroaryloxy-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryltMo-C r C 4 alkyl, heteroarylcarbonyl and heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 al enyl groups - is a heterocyclic aromatic group, has in particular 5 to 14 ring members of which 1 to 3 members are hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom, and is, for example, furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, carbazolyl, oxazolyl, thϊazolyl, imϊdazolyl, triazolyl, pyridyl, quinolyl, pyridazinyl, phthalazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinazolinyl, pyrazinyl, quinoxalinyl or phenanthridinyl. Preferred heteroaryl radicals R 2 and or R 3 are furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl and thiazolyl and in particular pyridyl. Substituted aryl R 2 and or R 3 - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as substituted aryl-C r C 4 al yl, aryloxy-Cι-C 4 alkyl, arylthio-Ci- alkyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl groups, is aryl R 2 and/or R 3 which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C r C alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C,-C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, Cι-C 4 al ylthio, - alkylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 al enyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Cι-C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, arylsulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroaryl- sulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmefhyl, the groups of the formula N(R 4 )R 5 (lb) and the groups of the formula CH 2 N(R 4 )R 5 (Ic), where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 al yl or heteroaryl, or R^ and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C j - alkyl, and/or substituted aryl R 2 and/or R 3 is aryl R 2 and/or R 3 which is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 al oxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo, and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, for example methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy. Substituted heteroaryl R 2 and/or R 3 - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as substituted heteroaryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryloxy-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroarylthio-Cj- alkyl, heteroarylcarbonyl and heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl groups, this heteroaryl R 2 and/or R 3 which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, Cj-C 4 alkyl, halo-Cι-C 4 alkyl, Cι-C 4 alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C 4 al oxy, Cj- alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, Ci- aUcylth ), C,-C 4 al ylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Cι-C 4 alkanesulfιnylmethyl, Cι-C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, arylsulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups of the formula N(R 4 )R 5 (Ib) and the groups of the formula CH 2 N(R 4 )R 5 (Ic), where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C r C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, pyridine or morpholine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl. Aryl and heteroaryl as structural elements of substituents defined for substituted aryl and heteroaryl R 2 and/or R 3 such as aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylsul¬ finylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl and heteroarylsulfonylmethyl substituents and of aryl, aryl-C j -Qialkyl and heteroaryl groups in substituents lb and Ic - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds - are as defined in aryl and heteroaryl R and/or R 3 . An linsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of R 2 , R 3 and the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached contains a single double bond or two or three non-cumulated double bonds, the maximum number of double bonds which is possible from the structural point of view being a function of the size of the ring and the number and nature of the hetero atoms. An example of a carbocyclic ring of R 2 , R 3 and the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached and to which a benzene ring can be fused is the cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane, tetrahydronaphthalene, cyclohexene, cycloheptane ring or in particular the indane ring. An example of a heterocyclic ring of R 2 , R 3 and the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached and to which a benzene ring can be fused has 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom and is the oxetane, pyrrolidine, triazole, piperidine, tetrahydroquinoline, chromane, thiochromane, morpholine, dihydroazepine ring or in particular the 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring. A substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of R 2 , R 3 and the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C -C 4 al yl and, if desired, phenyl which is substituted as indicated for substituted aryl R 2 and/or R 3 . A substituted benzene ring which is fused to a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of R 2 , R 3 and the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached is substituted as indicated for substituted aryl R 2 and/or R 3 . Alkyl - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxymethyl, al ylthio, alkylthiomethyl, all anesulfinylmethyl, alkanesulfonylmethyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, heteroaryloxyalkyl, arylthioalkyl and heteroarylthioalkyl - is, in each case with due consideration of the number of carbon atoms contained in each individual case of the respective group or compound, either straight-chain, i.e. methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, or branched, for example isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl. Alkenyl - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as alkenyloxy, arylalkenyl and heteroarylalkenyl - is, in each case with due consideration of the number of carbon atoms contained in each individual case in the respective group or compound, either straight-chain, for example ethenyl, propen-1-yl or but-1-en-l-yl, or branched, for example propen-2-yl or but- l-en-2-yl. Alkynyl - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as alkynyloxy - is, in each case with due consideration of the number of carbon atoms contained in each individual case, either straight-chain, for example ethynyl, propyn-1-yl or but-1-yn-l-yl, or branched, for example propyn-2-yl or but-l-yn-2-yl. Cycloalkyl - as a group per se and as structural element for the groups and compounds such as cycloalkylmethoxy - is, in each case with due consideration of the number of carbon atoms contained in each individual case, for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. In alkoxy-, alkylthio-, alkanesulfinyl-, alkanesulfonyl-, aryl-, heteroaryl-, aryloxy-, heteroaryloxy-, arylthio-, heteroarylthio-, arylsulfinyl-, heteroarylsulfinyl-, arylsulfonyl-, heteroarylsulfonyl- or cycloalkyl-substituted carbon-containing groups and compounds such as alkoxymethyl, alkylthiomethyl, alkanesulfmylmethyl, alkanesulfonylmethyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, arylalkenyl, heteroarylalkenyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, aryloxyalkyl, heteroaryloxy¬ alkyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, arylthioalkyl, heteroarylthioalkyl, arylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonyl- methyl and cycloalkylmethoxy, one of the hydrogen atoms in the unsubstituted basic structure on which these groups and compounds are based is replaced by alkoxy, alkylthio, alkanesulfinyl, alkanesulfonyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylsulfinyl, heteroarylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl or cycloalkyl. Halogen - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as haloalkyl and haloalkoxy - is fluorine, chlorine or bromine, furthermore iodine. In halogen-substituted carbon-containing groups and compounds such as haloalkyl and haloalkoxy at least one of the hydrogen atoms in the non-halogenated basic structure on which these groups and compounds are based is replaced by a halogen atom; however, it is also possible for two or more than two, for example - in the case of perhalogenation - all, of the hydrogen atoms in the non-halogenated basic structure on which these groups and compounds are based, to be replaced independently of one another by halogen atoms. Examples which may be mentioned are -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 C1, -CHC1 2 , -CC1 3 , -CC1 2 CC1 3 , -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 CH 2 Br, -CHBrCl, -OCH 2 F, -OCHF 2 and OCF 3 . Preferred within the scope of the invention are (1) Compounds of the formula I in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group la; R t is Cι-C 4 alkyl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C,-C 4 alkyl, halo-C C^lkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C alkoxymethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C I -C alkylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, an aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryloxy-Ci- alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or arylcarbonyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, Cι-C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, Cι-C alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, aryl¬ methoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, Cι-C 4 aIkylthio- methyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C r C 4 --lkanesulfinylmethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfmylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C I -C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C r C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R and R 5 form attached are a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising Cι-C 4 alkyl, and/or this aryl, aryl-C j - alkyl, aryloxy-Cι-C 4 alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C alkyl, aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or arylcarbonyl group, is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising Cj- alkyl, Cι-C 4 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, or a heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryloxy-C r C 4 alkyl, heteroarylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or heteroarylcarbonyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-Cj- alkyl, Cι-C 4 alkoxy, halo-Cι-C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, aryl¬ methoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, Ci- alkyrthio- methyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C j - alkanesulfinylmethyl, Ci- alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C,-C alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached form a ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, phenyl and phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C,-C 4 alkylthio, C,-C 4 alkylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C,-C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising Cι-C 4 alkyl, and/or this phenyl is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by a straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C j - alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo, and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, this ring being saturated or having a single double bond or two or three non-cumulative double bonds, where the maximum number of double bonds which is possible from the structural point of view is a function of the size of the ring and the number and nature of the hetero atoms, and this ring being a 4- to 7-membered carbocylic ring or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom, and to which ring a benzene ring can be fused which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C r C alkyI, halo-Cr alkyl, Cj-C 4 alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyI, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C r C 4 alkylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C^- alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C 1 -C aDcanesulfinylmethyl, C 1 -C alkanesuIfonylmethyI, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C 1 -C alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and or this benzene ring is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, ^- alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo, and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, where "aryl" - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups - in each case independently of one another - is acarboxcyclic aromatic group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and "heteroaryl" - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups - in each case independently of one another is a heterocyclic aromatic group having 5 to 14 ring members of which 1 to 3 members are hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (2) compounds of the formula I in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group la; R, is Cι-C 4 alkyl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-Cι-C 4 alkyl, Ci-C 4 alkoxymethyl, Cι-C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, or a benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, nitro, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-Ct- alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-Ci- alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, pyrimidinylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C -C 4 alkynyloxy, phenoxy and Cj- alkanesulfinylmethyl, or each of which is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or are a pyridyl, furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl or thiazolyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and Cι-C 4 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are a cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and Ci- alkoxy, to which cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring an unsubstituted benzene ring can be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (3) compounds of the formula I in which: Ri is Cι-C 4 alkyl; and either (a) X is a nitrogen atom; and R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are C C 4 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or a phenyl or naphthyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C r C 4 alkoxy, halogen, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy and C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, or this phenyl or naphthyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or are an unsubstituted pyridyl or benzofuryl group; or (b) X is a group la; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, Ci-C 4 alkoxymethyl, Ci- alkylthio, C r C 4 alkylthiomethyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, or a benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, nitro, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, C r C 4 alkylthio, C r C 4 alkylthiomethyl, pyrimidinylthiomethyl, C 2 -C alkenyIoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, phenoxy and C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl, or this benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain or are a pyridyl, furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl or thiazolyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are a cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, to which cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring an unsubstituted benzene ring can be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (4) compounds of the formula I in which: R, is C 1 -C alkyl; and either (c) X is a nitrogen atom; R 2 is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C alkynyloxy, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxy, halogen, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms and halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, or •this phenyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or R 2 is an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or pyrid-2-yl group; and R 3 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or (d) X is a group la; and either R 2 is C 1 -C alkylthio, a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, C 1 -C alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C τ -C alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxy, C r C 4 alkylthio, Cf- aUcyltMomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, phenoxy, pyrimidinylthiomethyl and or which is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C r C 3 a-kylenedioxy, or R 2 is a thien-2-yl, pyrid-2-yl or pyrid-3-yl group which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by halogen, or a pyrrol-2-yl group which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by Cι-C 4 alkyl, or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, fur-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or thiazol-2-yl group; and R 3 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-Cj- alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, Ci- alkoxymethyl, C r C 4 aιkylthiomethyl, cyano or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted indane ring whose carbon atom in the 1 -position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I, or are a 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by monohalophenyl or mono-Cj- alkoxyphenyl and whose carbon atom in the 2-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (5) compounds of the formula I in which: R 2 is C C 4 alkyl; and either (e) X is a nitrogen atom; R 2 is unsubstituted phenyl, 3- or 4-halophenyl, 3-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 2-halo-5-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 3-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 3-halo-C j -C 4 alkoxyphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxyphenyl, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxyphenyl, 3-C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxyphenyl, phenyl which is substituted in the 3- and 4-positions by straight-chain Cι-C 3 alkylenedioxy, or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or pyrid-2-yl group; and R 3 is Cι-C 4 alkyl or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or (f) X is a group la; and either R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, unsubstituted phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-halophenyl, 3,4-dihalophenyl in which the two halogen substituents are identical or different, 3- or 4-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl, 3-C 1 -C 4 alkyl-4-halophenyl, 2- or 3-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3,5-bis(halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl)phenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 4-halo-3-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 2-halo-5-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 3-C r C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 3-halo-C r C 4 alkoxyphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3-C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxyphenyl, 2-C 1 -C 4 alkylthio-5-halo-C 1 -C alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-3-C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethylphenyl, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxyphenyl, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxyphenyl, 4-phenoxyphenyl, 3- or 4-nitrophenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 3-cyanomethoxyphenyl, 4-C r C 4 alkoxy-3-nitrophenyl, 3-C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl-4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-3-pyrimidin-2-ylthiomethylphenyl, phenyl which is substituted in the 3- and 4-positions by straight-chain C r C 3 alkylenedioxy, or an unsubstituted thien-2-yl, pyrid-2-yl or pyrid-3-yI, 6-haloρyrid-2-yl, 5-halothien-2-yl, l-C,-C 4 alkylpyrroI-2-yl or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, fur-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or thiazol-2-yl group; and R 3 is hydrogen, C j -C^alkyl. halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, C 1 -C alkylthiomethyl, cyano or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted indane ring whose carbon atom in the 1-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I, or a 5,6-ά hydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is monosubstituted by 4-halophenyl or4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl and whose carbon atom in the 2-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (6) compounds of the formula I in which: X is a nitrogen atom; R x is C r C 2 a-kyl; R 2 is 3-fluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl or unsubstituted pyrid-2-yl; and R 3 is C j -G^alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (7) compounds of the formula I in which: X is a nitrogen atom; R r is Cτ-C 2 alkyl; R 2 is 3-chIorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-prop-l-yn-3-yloxyphenyl or 4-prop-l-yn-3-yloxyphenyl; R 3 is C 1 -C 2 alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form; (8) compounds of the formula I in which: X is a group la; R x is C r C 2 alkyl; R 2 is unsubstituted phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-cyclopropylmethoxyphenyl, 3-allyloxyphenyI, 3,4-ethylenedioxyphenyl or unsubstituted pyrid-2-yl; and R 3 is C I -C 2 alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I within the scope of the invention are those mentioned in Examples H-l to H-3.3, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. Compounds of the formula I which are individually preferred within the scope of the invention are the following: methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-phenylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[b]thien-2-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-l); methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}-3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.1); methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.2); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(3,4-ethylenedioxyphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.5); methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-pyrid-2-ylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[b]thien-2-yl]-3-methoxy- acrylate (Example H-2.7); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- 1 -yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl } - 3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.9); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl }- 3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.10); methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-prop-l-en-3-yloxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl} -3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.12); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(3-cyclopropylmethoxyphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl} -3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.13); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)pent-3-en- l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl} -2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.15); methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl} -2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.16); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- 1 -yl]benzo[b] thien-2-yl } - 2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.19); methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-pyrid-2-ylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[b]thien-2-yl]- 2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.20); methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-prop-l-in-3-yloxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl} -2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.65); methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl } - 2-methoxyiminoacetate (Example H-2.95), methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate (Example H-2.103); in each case in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. The invention furthermore relates to the process for the preparation of the compounds of the formula I, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, which comprises, for example, reacting a compound of the formula in which R x and X are as defined in formula I and Z is an easily detachable nucleofugic radical, in particular bromine, with a compound of the formula HO— N=C(R 2 )(R 3 ) (HI), in which R 2 and R 3 are as defined in formula I, or, if appropriate, with a salt thereof, preferably in the presence of a base, in the presence or absence of an inert solvent or diluent, and or converting a compound of the formula I which can be obtained by the process or by another route, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, into a different compound of the formula I, and/or resolving an isomer mixture which can be obtained according to the process and isolating the desired isomer, and/or, if desired, converting a free compound of the formula I which can be obtained according to the process into a salt, or converting a salt of a compound of the formula I which can be obtained according to the process into the free compound of the formula I or, if appropriate, into a different salt What has been said above about salts of compounds of the formula I applies analogously to starting materials listed hereinbefore and hereinafter with regard to the salts thereof. The reactions described hereinbefore and hereinafter are carried out in a manner known per se, for example in the absence or, customarily, in the presence of a suitable solvent or diluent or a mixture of these, the reaction being carried out, as required, with cooling, at room temperature or with heating, for example in a temperature range from approx. -80°C to the boiling point of the reaction medium, preferably from approx. -20°C to approx. +150°C, and, if required, in a sealed container, under pressure, under an inert gas atmosphere and/or under anhydrous conditions. Detailed reaction conditions can be found in the examples. The starting material mentioned hereinbefore and hereinafter which is used for preparing the compounds I in free form or, if appropriate, salt form, is known or can be prepared by methods known per se, for example by the instructions hereinafter. Suitable as radicals Z are, for example: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, Cι-C 4 alkylthio such as methylthio, ethylthio or propylthio, Cι-C alkanoyloxy such as acetoxy, (halo-)Cι-C 4 alkanesulfonyloxy such as methanesulfonyloxy, ethanesulfonyloxy or trifiuoromethanesulfonyloxy, or unsubstituted or substituted phenylsulfonyloxy such as benzenesulfonyloxy or p-toluenesulfonyloxy. A particularly preferred radical Z is bromine. Suitable bases for facilitating the elimination of HZ are, for example, hydroxides, hydrides, amides, alkanolates, carbonates, dialkylamides or alkylsilylamides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, or alkylamines, alkylenediamines, free or N-alkylated, saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides as well as carbocyclic amines. Examples which may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methanolate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert-butanolate, potassium carbonate, lithium dϋsopropylamide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethylamine, N,N-diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide as well as l,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-5-ene (DBU). The reactants can be reacted with each other in pure form, i.e. without an addition of a solvent or diluent, for example in the melt. In most cases, however, the addition of an inert solvent or diluent, or a mixture of these, is advantageous. Examples of such solvents or diluents which may be mentioned are: aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, petroleum ether, hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane or trichloroethene; ethers such as diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane; ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol or glycerol; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone or hexamethylphosphoric triamide; nitriles such as acetonitrile; and sulf oxides, such as dimethyl sulfoxide. Bases which are employed in excess, such as triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine or N,N-diethylaniline, can also serve as solvents or diluents. In a preferred embodiment of the process, a compound II is reacted with a compound in in which Z is bromine at room temperature, in an amide, preferably in N,N-dimethyIformamide, and in the presence of a hydride, preferably in the presence of sodium hydride. The compounds π are known or can be prepared analogously to known processes; such information can be found, for example, in the European Patent Application with the publication number 0243014- The compounds HT, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, are known or can be prepared analogously to known compounds. A compound I which can be obtained by the process or by another route can be converted into a different compound I in a manner known per se, by replacing one or more substituents of the starting compound I in the customary manner by (a) different substituent(s) according to the invention. For example, - non-halogenated aromatic or heteroaromatic partial ring structures can be halogenated to give halogenated aromatic or heteroaromatic partial ring structures according to the invention; or - halogen substituents in halogenated aromatic or heteroaromatic partial ring structures can be replaced by alkylthio, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy or cycloalkylmethoxy substituents according to the invention. Depending on which reaction conditions and starting materials which are suitable therefor in each case are selected, it is possible to replace, in one reaction step, only one substituent by a different substituent according to the invention, or it is possible to replace, in the same reaction step, a plurality of substituents by different substituents according to the invention. For example, it is possible to introduce at the same time two or more identical halogen substituents into the same, or, if present, into a variety of (hetero)aromatic rings. Equally, it is possible, for example, additionally to substitute a (hetero)aromatic ring - within the scope of the definitions of variables according to the invention - which is already substituted, for example monosubstituted, by a certain substituent, for example chlorine, by one or more further identical substituents, for example chlorinated, i.e., for example, converted into the disubstituted or even higher substituted, for example dichlorinated or higher-chlorinated, state. Salts of compounds I can be prepared in a manner known per se. For example, acid addition salts of compounds I are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or suitable ion exchanger reagent. Salts of compounds I can be converted into the free compounds I in the customary manner, acid addition salts for example by treatment with a suitable basic agent or a suitable ion exchanger reagent. Salts of compounds I can be converted into different salts of compounds I in the manner known per se, acid addition salts for example into different acid addition salts, for example by treatment of a salt of an inorganic acid such as a hydrochloride with a suitable metal salt such as a sodium salt, barium salt or silver salt, of an acid, for example with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent in which an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride, is insoluble and so precipitates from the reaction mixture. Depending on the procedure and the reaction conditions, the compounds I which have salt-forming properties, can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts. Some of the compounds I, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, can exist in the form of one of the isomers which are possible, or as a mixture thereof, for example depending on number and absolute and relative configuration of the asymmetric carbon atoms in the form of pure isomers, such as antipodes and/or diastereomers, or as isomer mixtures such as enantiomer mixtures, for example racemates, diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures; atropisomerism, in particular, can also occur. The invention relates to the pure isomers as well as all isomer mixtures which are possible, and is hereinbefore and hereinafter to be understood analogously, even when stereochemical details are not mentioned specifically in each case. Diastereomer mixtures and racemate mixtures of compounds I, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, which can be obtained by the process - as a function of the choice of starting materials and procedures - or by other routes can be separated on the basis of the physicochemical differences of the components in a known manner to give the pure diastereomers or racemates, for example by fractional crystallisation, distillation and/or chromatography. Enantiomer mixtures which are obtainable accordingly, such as racemates, can be resolved by known methods to give the optical antipodes, for example by recrystallisation from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetylcellulose, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilised enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, for example using chiral crown ethers, where only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting a basic end substance racemate with an optically active acid such as carboxylic acid, for example camphoric acid, tartaric acid or mallic acid, or sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separation of the resulting diastereomer mixture in this way, for example on the basis of their differing solubilities by fractional crystallisation, to give the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be liberated by the action of suitable agents, for example basic agents. Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separation of suitable isomer mixtures, but also by generally known methods of diastereoselective, or enantioselective, synthesis, for example by carrying out the process according to the invention with educts having a correspondingly suitable stereochemistry. If the individual components differ in their biological activity, it is advantageous to isolate, or synthesize, in each case the biologically more active isomer, for example enantiomer, or isomer mixture, for example enantiomer mixture. The compounds I, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, can also be obtained in the form of their hydrates and/or include other solvents, for example those which may have been used for the crystallisation of compounds in solid form. The invention relates to all those embodiments of the process in which a compound is used which can be obtained in any stage of the process as starting material or intermediate, and all, or some, of the missing steps are carried out, or a starting material is used in the form of a derivative, or salt and/or the racemates and antipodes thereof is used or, in particular, formed under the reaction conditions. It is preferred to use those starting substances and intermediates in the process of the present invention, in each case in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, which lead to the compounds I or, if appropriate, salts thereof, which have been described at the outset as particularly valuable. In particular, the invention relates to the preparation processes described in Examples H-l to H-3.3. The invention also relates to the starting materials and intermediates, each in the free form or in the form of salts, which are used according to the invention for the preparation of the compounds I and/or, if appropriate, their salts and which are novel, and to their use and to processes for their preparations. Derivatives of the 3-methoxyacrylates and the 2-methoxyiminoacetates which have fungicidal action are known, for example, from EP-A-433 233, EP-A-243014 and EP-A-472300. The compounds I of the present invention, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, can be employed preventively and/or curatively in the agricultural sector and in related fields as active ingredients in the control of plant-injurious microorganisms. Compared with the closest compounds of the prior art, EP-A-433,233, which do not always meet the demands of fungicides, the compounds of formula I of the present invention exhibit significantly longer lasting efficacy. Even at low application concentrations, the active ingredients of the formula I according to the invention are distinguished not only by an outstanding action but also by being well tolerated by plants. The active ingredients of the formula I according to the invention have a biocidal spectrum for controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, in particular fungi, which is very favourable for practical requirements. They have very advantageous properties, in particular systemic properties, and can be used for the protection of a large number of crop plants. The pests which occur on plants or parts of plants (fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubors, roots) of a variety of crops of useful plants can be held at bay or destroyed using the active ingredients of the formula I, and even parts of plants which grow at a later point in time are protected against phytopathogenic microorganisms. Compounds I are active, for example, against the phytopathogenic fungi which belong to the following classes: Fungi imperfecti (for example Bot ytis, Pyricularia, Helminthosporium, fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora and Alternaria) and Basidiomycetes (for example Rhizoctonia, Hemileia, Puccinia). Moreover, they are active against the classes of the Ascomycetes (for example Venturia and Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Monilinia, Uncinula) and of the Oomycetes (for example Phytophthora, Pythium, Plasmopara). Furthermore, the compounds I can be employed as seed-dressing agents for the treatment of seed and other plant propagation material (fruits, tubors, grains, branches, roots) and of plant cuttings as a protection against fungal infections and against soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi. The invention also relates to the compositions which comprise compounds I as active ingredient, in particular crop-protecting compositions, and to their use in the agricultural sector and in related fields. In addition, the invention also embraces the preparation of these compositions, which comprises intimately mixing the active substance with one or more of the substances, or substance groups, described hereinafter. The invention also includes a method for the treatment of plants, which is distinguished by application of the novel compounds I, or of the novel compositions. Examples of target crops for the use in crop protection are, within the scope of the invention, the following plant species: cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize, sorghum and related species); beet (sugar beet and fodder beet); pomaceous fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit (apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries and blackberries); pulses (beans, lentils, peas, soybeans); oil crops (oilseed rape, mustard, poppy, olives, sunflowers, coconut, castor-oil plant, cacao, groundnuts); cucurbits (pumpkin, cucumbers, melons); fibre plants (cotton, flax, hemp, jute); citrus fruit (oranges, lemons, grapefruit, tangerines); vegetables (spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, bell peppers); Lauraceae (avocado, cinnamonium, camphor) and plants such as tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplants, sugar cane, tea, pepper, vines, hops, Musaceae and latex plants, as well as ornamental plants. Active ingredients I are customarily used in the form of compositions and can be applied to the area or plant to be treated simultaneously, or in succession, with other active ingredients. These other active ingredients can be, for example, fertilisers, trace element promoters or other preparations which have an effect on the growth of the plants. However, selective herbicides as well as insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides or mixtures of a plurality of these preparations, if appropriate al ¬ together with other carriers, surfactants or other application-enhancing additives, conventionally used in the art of formulation, can also be used. Suitable auxiliaries such as carriers and additives can be solid or liquid and are substances expedient in the art of formulation, for example natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, adhesives, thickeners, binders or fertilisers. A preferred method for applying an active ingredient of the formula I, or an agrochemical composition comprising at least one of these active ingredients, is applying it to the foliage (foliar application). The frequency and rate of application depend on the risk of infestation with the pathogen in question. Alternatively, the active ingredients I can reach the plant via the soil through the root system (systemic action), by drenching the locus of the plant with a liquid preparation or incorporating the substances into the soil in solid form, for example in the form of granules (soil application). In the case of paddy rice, such granules can be metered into the flooded paddy field. Alternatively, the compounds II can be applied to seeds and other plant propagation material (coating) either by soaking the plant propagation material in a liquid preparation of the active ingredient or by coating them with a solid preparation. The compounds of the formula I are employed as pure active ingredients or, preferably, together with auxiliaries conventionally used in the art of formulation. To this end, they are processed in a known manner to give, expediently, for example emulsion concentrates, spreadable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts or granules, for example by encapsulation in, for example, polymeric substances. The application methods such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering, painting on or pouring as well as the nature of the compositions are selected to suit the intended aims and the prevailing circumstances. Advantageous application rates are generally 5 g to 2 kg of active ingredient (a.i). per hectare (ha), preferably 10 g to 1 kg of a.i./ha, in particular 20 g to 600 g of a.i./ha. The formulations, i.e. the compositions, preparations or combinations comprising the active ingredient of the formula I and, if desired, a solid or liquid additive, are prepared in the known manner, for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredient with auxiliaries such as solvents, solid carriers and, if appropriate, surface-active compounds (surfactants). The following are possible as solvents: aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions C 8 to C I2 , such as xylene mixtures or substituted naphthalenes, phthalic esters such as dibutyl phthalate or dϊoctyl phthalate, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, alcohols and glycols as well as their ethers and esters, such as ethanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide, and epoxidised or unepoxidised vegetable oils, such as epoxidised coconut oil or soya oil, and water. Solid carriers which are generally used, for example for dusts and dispersible powders, are ground natural minerals, such as calcite, talc, kaolin, montmoriUonite or attapulgite. To improve the physical properties, it is also possible to add highly-disperse silica or highly disperse absorptive polymers. Possible particular, adsorptive carriers for granules are either porous types such as pumice, brick grit, sepiolite or bentonite, or non-sorptive carrier materials, for example calcite or sand. Moreover, a large number of pregranulated materials of inorganic nature can be used, such as dolomite or comminuted plant residues. Suitable surface-active compounds are non-ionic, cationic and or anionic surfactants having good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties, depending on the nature of the active ingredient of the formula I to be formulated. Surfactants are also to be understood as meaning mixtures of surfactants. Suitable anionic surfactants can be so-called water-soluble soaps or water-soluble synthetic surface-active compounds. Examples which may be mentioned of non-ionic surfactants are nonylphenol polyethoxyethanols, castor oil polyglycol ethers, polypropylene/polyethylene oxide adducts, tributyphenoxypolyethyleneethanol, polyethylene glycol and octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanoL Other suitable substances are fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate. The cationic surfactants are mainly quaternary ammonium salts which contain at least one alkyl radical having 8 to 22 C atoms as N-substituent and lower, optionally halogenated' alkyl, benzyl or lower hydroxyalkyl radicals as further substituents. Other surfactants conventionally used in the art of formulation are known to those skilled in the art or can be found in the specialist literature. As a rule, the agrochemical preparations comprise 0.1 to 99 percent by weight, in particular 0.1 to 95 percent by weight, of active ingredient of the formula 1, 99.9 to 1 percent by weight, in particular 99.8 to 5 percent by weight, of a solid or liquid additive and 0 to 25 percent by weight, in particular 0.1 to 25 percent by weight of a surfactant. While concentrated compositions are more preferred as commercially available goods, the end consumers uses, as a rule, dilute compositions. The compositions can also comprise further additives such as stabilisers, defoamers, viscosity regulators, binders or adhesives, as well as fertilisers or other active ingredients to achieve specific effects. The examples hereinafter illustrate the invention described hereinabove without imposing any restriction to the scope of the latter. Temperatures are given in degrees centigrade. The following abbreviations are used: Et = ethyl; iPr - isopropyl; Me = methyl; Pr = n-propyl; m.p. = melting point; MS = mass spectrum. In Examples F- 1.1 to F-6.3, the term " " denotes "percent by weight", the same applies to concentrations of solutions given in Examples B- 1.1 to B-8, unless such concentrations are not given in other units. The term "active ingredient according to the invention" in Examples F-l.l to F-6.3 and B-l.l to B-8 is to be understood in each case as meaning a compound I, in free form or in the form of an agrochemically utilisable salt, in particular such a compound which is described as product in Examples H-1 to H-3.3, for example one of the products described in Examples H-1, H-2.1, H-2.2, H-2.5, H-2.7, H-2.9, H-2.10, H-2.12, H-2.13, H-2.15, H-2.16, H-2.19, H-2.20, H-2.65, H-2.95 and H-2.103. Examples H-1 to H-3.3: Preparation of compounds according to the invention Example H-1: 1.5 g of methyl 2-(3-bromomethylbenzo[b]thien-2-yl)-3-methoxyacrylate and 0.6 g of acetophenone oxime are added to a suspension of 116 mg of sodium hydride in 15 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide. The reaction mixture is stirred for 30 minutes, acidified using acetic acid, rendered neutral using saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and extracted three times using ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate phases are dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The yellow oily residue is purified by chromatography on silica gel using hexane/diethyl ether (7:3) as the eluent. This gives methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-phenylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[h]thien-2-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate in the form of a colourless oil- Other compounds of the general formula I which can be prepared analogously to the procedure described in Example H-1 or fay means of a suitable other procedure of those mentioned above are the compounds listed in Table 1 hereinafter. Table 1: Ex. X i R- Ex. X R R, Physical data Me foam, MS Me m.p. 102-103 c Me foam, MS Me m.ρ. 104° H-2.145 N Me 4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl H-2.146 N Me ethoxy H-2.147 N Me ethoxy Other compounds of the general formula I which can be prepared analogously to the procedure described in Example H-1 or by means of a suitable other procedure of those indicated above are the compounds listed in Table 2 hereinafter. Table 2: Example X R, N=C(R 2 )R 3 Physical data H-3.1 CH Me foam, MS H-3.2 CH Me m.p.: 137-138° H-3.3 CH Me foam, MS MS data of abovementioned examples. Table peak (= 100 %) peak (= 100 %) peak (= 100 %) peak (= 100 %) Examples F-1.1 to F-6.3: Formulation of compounds according to the invention Examples F-1.1 to F-1.3: Emulsion concentrates Components F-1.1 F-1.2 F-1.3 Emulsions of any desired low concentration can be prepared from these emulsion concentrates by dilution with water. Example F-2: Emulsion concentrate Components F-2 Emulsions of any desired low concentration can be prepared from this emulsion concentrate by dilution with water. Examples F-3.1 to F-3.4: Solutions Components F-3.1 F-3.2 F-3.3 F-3.4 Active ingredient according to 80% 10% 5% 95% the invention Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 20% Polyethylene glycol (relative molecular weight: 400 atomic mass units) 70% N-Methylpyrrolid-2-one 20% Epoxidised coconut oil 1% 5% Petroleum spirit 94% (boiling range: 160-190°) The solutions are suitable for use in the form of microdrops. Examples F-4.1 to F-4.4: Granules Components F-4.1 F-4.2 F-4.3 F-4.4 Active ingredient according to 5% 10% 8% 21% the invention Kaolin 94% - 79% 54% Highly-disperse silica 1% - 13% 7% Attapulgite - 90% - 18% The active ingredient according to the invention is dissolved in dichloromethane, the solution is sprayed onto the carrier, and the solvent is subsequently evaporated in vacuo. Examples F-5.1 and F-5.2: Dusts Components F-5.1 F-5.2 Active ingredient according to the invention Highly-disperse silica Talc Kaolin Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by intimately mixing all components. Examples F-6.1 to F-6.3: Wettable powders Components F-6.1 F-6.2 F-6.3 Active ingredient according to 25% 50% 75% the invention Sodium ligninsulfonate 5% 5% Sodium lauryl sulfate 3% - 5% Sodium diisobutylnaphthalene- - 6% 10% sulfonate Octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (7 to 8 mol of ethylene oxide units)- 2% Highly-disperse silica 5% 10% 10% Kaolin 62% 27% All components are mixed thoroughly, and the mixture is ground thoroughly in a suitable mill. Wettable powders are obtained from which suspensions of any desired concentration can be prepared with water. Examples B- 1.1 to B-8: Biological action of compounds according to the invention Example B- 1.1: Systemic action against Pythium ultimum of sugar beet Test method: Mycelium of Pythium ultimum is mixed with soil (500 ml of mycelium suspension/10 1 of soil), and 250 ml plastic dishes are filled with the mixture. After incubation at 10° for four days, 10 seeds of the sugar beet plant to be tested are placed into each dish. The next day, 50 ml of an aqueous spray mixture comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.002% of active ingredient) are poured over each dish. The action of the active ingredient is assessed after an incubation phase for seven days at 10° followed by an incubation phase for four days at 22°, on the basis of number and appearance of the emerged plants. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Pythium ultimum on sugar beet. Example B- 1.2: Systemic action against Pythium ultimum on maize Test method: The test is carried out analogously to the procedure described in Example B- l. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Pythium ultimum on maize. Example B-2: Action against Puccinia graminis on wheat a) Residual-protective action Test method: 6 days after sowing, wheat plants are sprayed with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) to drip point and, 24 hours later, infected with a uredospore suspension of the fungus. After an incubation time of 48 hours (conditions: 95 to 100 percent relative atmospheric humidity at 20°), the plants are placed in a greenhouse at 22°. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on assessment of the rust pustule development 12 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good residual-protective action against Puccinia graminis on wheat, for example the active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.1, H-2.5, H-2.10, H-2.12, H-2.13, H-2.16, H-2.19, H-2.20, H-2.65, H-2.95 and H-2 03 reduce the fungus infestation to 20 to 5%. In contrast, the fungus infestaton of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. b) Systemic action Test method: 5 days after sowing, an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.006% of active ingredient relative to the soil volume) is poured next to wheat plants. Care is taken that the spray mixture does not come in contact with aerial parts of the plants. 48 hours later, the plants are infected with a uredospore suspension of the fungus. After an incubation time of 48 hours (conditions: 95 to 100 percent relative atmospheric humidity at 20°), the plants are placed in a greenhouse at 22°. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on assessment of the rust pustule development 12 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Puccinia graminis on wheat, for example the active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.65 and H-2.95 reduce the fungus infestation to below 20%. In contrast, the fungus infestation of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. Example B-3: Action against Phytophthora infestans on tomatoes a) Residual-protective action Test method: Tomato plants are grown for three weeks and then sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 24 hours later, infected with a sporangia suspension of the fungus. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 5 days after infection during which period a relative atmospheric humidity of 90 to 100 percent and a temperature of 20° were maintained. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good residual-protective action against Phytophthora infestans on tomato, for example the active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.20 and H-2.103 reduce the fungus infestation to 5 to 0%, and the active ingredients of Examples H-2.5 and H-2.19 to 20 to 5%. In contrast, the fungus infestation of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. b) Systemic action Test method: Tomato plants are grown for three weeks, and then an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.006% of active ingredient relative to the soil volume) is poured next to the tomato plants. Care is taken that the spray mixture does not come in contact with aerial parts of the plants. After 48 hours, the plants are infected with a sporangia suspension of the fungus. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 5 days after infection, during which period a relative atmospheric humidity of 90-100 percent and a temperature of 20° are maintained. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Phytophthora infestans on tomatoes. Example B-4: Residual-protective action against Cercospora arachidicola on groundnuts Test method: Groundnut plants 10 to 15 cm in height are sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 48 hours later, infected with a conidia suspension of the fungus. The plants are incubated for 72 hours at 21° and high atmospheric humidity and subsequently placed in a greenhouse until the typical lesions appear. The action of the active ingredient is evaluated 12 days after infection based on the number and size of the lesions. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good residual-protective action against Cercospora arachidicola on groundnuts, for example active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.1, H-2.2, H-2.5, H-2.7, H-2.10, H-2.13, H-2.15, H-2.16, H-2.19 and H-2.20, H-2.65, H-2.95 and H-2.103 reduce the fungus infestation to 5 to 0%, and the active ingredients of Examples H-2.9 and H-2.12 reduce it to 20 to 5%. In contrast, the fungus infestation of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. Example B-5: Action against Plasmopara viticola on vines a) Residual-protective action Test method: Vine seedlings in the 4- to 5-leaf stage are sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 24 hours later, infected with a sporangia suspension of the fungus. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 6 days after infection during which period a relative atmospheric humidity of 95 to 100 percent and a temperature of 20° are maintained. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good preventive residual-protective action against Plasmopara viticola on vines, for example the active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.2, H-2.5, H-2.7, H-2.19, H-2.65 and H-2.95 reduce the fungus infestation to 5 to 0% and the active ingredients of Examples H-2.12, H-2.13 and H-2.20 reduce it to 20 to 5%. hi contrast, the fungus infestation of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. b) Residual-protective action Test method: Vine seedlings in the 4- to 5-leaf stage are infected with a sporangia suspension of the fungus, incubated for 24 hours in a humid chamber (conditions: 95 to 100 percent relative atmospheric humidity at 20°) and then sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient). After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are returned to the humid chamber. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 6 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good curative residual-protective action against Plasmopara viticola on vines. Example B-6: Action against Pyricularia oryzae on rice a) Residual-protective action Test method: Rice plants are grown for two weeks and then sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 48 hours later, infected with a conidia suspension of the fungus. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 5 days after infection, during which period a relative atmospheric humidity of 95 to 100 percent and a temperature of 22° are maintained. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good residual-protective action against Pyricularia oryzae on rice. b) Systemic action Test method: An aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.006% of active ingredient relative to the soil volume) is poured next to 2-week-old rice plants. Care is taken that the spray mixture does not come in contact with aerial parts of the plants. The pots are then filled up with water to such an extent that the basal parts of the stems of the rice plants are submerged. After 96 hours, the plants are infected with a conidia suspension of the fungus. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 5 days after infection, during which period a relative atmospheric humidity of 95 to 100 percent and a temperature of 24° are maintained. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Pyricularia oryzae on rice. Example B-7: Residual-protective action against Venturia inaequalis on apples Test method: Apple cuttings having fresh shoots 10 to 20 cm in length are sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 24 hours later, infected with a conidia suspension of the fungus. The plants are incubated for 5 days at a relative atmospheric humidity of 90 to 100 percent and placed for a further 10 days in a greenhouse at 20 to 24°. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the scab infestation 15 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention show a good residual-protective action against Venturia inaequalis on apples. Example B-8: Action against Ervsiphe graminis on barley a) Residual-protective action Test method: Barley plants approximately 8 cm in height are sprayed to drip point with an aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.02% of active ingredient) and, 3 to 4 hours later, dusted with conidia of the fungus. The infected plants are placed in a greenhouse at 22°. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 10 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good residual-protective action against Erysiphe graminis on barley, for example the active ingredients of Examples H-1, H-2.2, H-2.7, H-2.12, H-2.13, H-2.15, H-2.16, H-2.65 and H-2.95 reduce the fungus infestation to 5 to 0% and the active ingredient of Example H-2.10 reduces it to 20 to 5%. hi contrast, the fungus infestation of infected control plants which have not been treated with the active ingredient is 100%. b) Systemic action Test method: An aqueous spray mixture prepared with a wettable powder comprising one of the active ingredients according to the invention (0.002% of active ingredient relative to. the soil volume) is poured next to barley plants approximately 8 cm in height Care is taken that the spray mixture does not come in contact with aerial parts of the plants. 48 hours later, the plants are dusted with conidia of the fungus. The infected plants are placed in a greenhouse at 22°. The evaluation of the action of the active ingredient is based on an assessment of the fungus infestation 10 days after infection. Test result: Active ingredients according to the invention have a good systemic action against Erysiphe graminis on barley.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A compound of the formula in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group of the formula CH (la); R j is C r C 4 alkyl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C j ^alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryloxy-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroarylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, arylcarbonyl or heteroarylcarbonyl group, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl group, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or cyano, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted or substituted saturated or unsaturated, carbo- or heterocyclic 4- to 7-membered ring to which an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring may be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 2. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group la; R λ is C r C 4 alkyl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, C r C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, an aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryloxy-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or arylcarbonyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, aryl¬ methoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C r C 4 alkylthio, C j ^alkylthio- methyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C 1 -C alkanesulιϊnylmethyl, Cx^alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups of the formula N(R 4 )R 5 (lb) and the groups of the formula CH 2 N(R 4 )R 5 (Ic), where either R and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C I -C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl- ^alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and/or this aryl, aryl-C 1 -C alkyl, aryloxy-C r C 4 alkyl, arylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyI or arylcarbonyl group, is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C alkyl, halogen, phenyl and oxo and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, or a heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryloxy- ^alkyl, heteroarylthio-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, heteroaryl-C 2 -C 4 alkenyl or heteroarylcarbonyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C 1 -C alkyl, haIo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C j ^alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, ^^alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkyIthio, ^^alkylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, arylsulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroaryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C j ^alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C^alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached form a ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, phenyl and phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C r C alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C I -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C^ alkylthiomefhyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl, C j -C 4 alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C alkyl, aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C r C 4 alkyl, and/or this phenyl is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by a straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C j ^alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo, and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, this ring being saturated or having a single double bond or two or three non-cumulative double bonds, where the maximum number of double bonds which is possible from the structural point of view is a function of the size of the ring and the number and nature of the hetero atoms, and this ring being a 4- to 7-membered carbocylic ring or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom, and to which ring a benzene ring can be fused which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, trimethylsilyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C j -C 4 alkoxy, halo-C C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, heteroaryloxymethyl, arylmethoxy, heteroarylmethoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C r C 4 alkylthiomethyl, arylthiomethyl, heteroarylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C r C 4 allcanesulfιnylmethyl, C j - alkanesulfonylmethyl, aryl¬ sulfinylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, heteroarylsulfinylmethyl, heteroarylsulfonylmethyl, the groups lb and the groups Ic, where either R 4 and R 5 in each case independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl or heteroaryl, or R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which R 4 and R 5 are attached form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C r C 4 alkyl, and/or this benzene ring is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 3 -C 5 alkylene which is unsubstituted or has one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C r C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and oxo, and in which one or two non-adjacent methylene groups can be replaced by oxygen, where "aryl" - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups - in each case independently of one another - is a carboxcyclic aromatic group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and "heteroaryl" - as a group per se and as structural element of other groups - in each case independently of one another is a heterocyclic aromatic group having 5 to 14 ring members of which 1 to 3 members are hetero atoms selected from the group comprising the oxygen, the sulfur and the nitrogen atom; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 3. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: X is a nitrogen atom or a group la; R t is C j ^alkyl; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, ^alkylthio, ^^alkylthiomethyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, or a benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, nitro, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, Ci^al ylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, pyrimidinylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, phenoxy and C^^alkanesulfinylmethyl, or each of which is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or are a pyridyl, furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl or thiazolyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are a cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, to which cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring an unsubstituted benzene ring can be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 4. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: R x is C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and either (a) X is a nitrogen atom; and R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are ^alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or a phenyl or naphthyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, halogen, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halo-C I -C 4 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy and C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, or this phenyl or naphthyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or are an unsubstituted pyridyl or benzofuryl group; or (b) X is a group la; and either R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, cyano, or a benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, nitro, Cj-C 4 alkyl, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylmethoxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, C r C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, pyrimidinylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, phenoxy and Cj- alkanesulfinylmethyl, or this benzyl, phenyl or naphthyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C 1 -C 3 alkylenedioxy, or are a pyridyl, furyl, benzofuryl, thienyl, benzothienyl, pyrrolyl or thiazolyl group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C r C 4 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are a cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising phenyl which is substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group comprising halogen and C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, to which cyclopentane or 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring an unsubstituted benzene ring can be fused; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 5. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: R 2 is C j ^alkyl; and either (c) X is a nitrogen atom; R 2 is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising C r C 4 alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C alkynyloxy, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxy, halogen, halo-C r C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms and halo-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, or this phenyl group is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain - alkylenedioxy, or R 2 is an unsubstituted naphtyl-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or pyrid-2-yl group; and R 3 is C j -C^lkyl or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or (d) X is a group la; and either R 2 is C r C 4 a-kylthio, a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group comprising halogen, C r C 4 alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C r C 4 alkoxy, halo-C r C 4 alkoxy having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxy, C r C 4 alkylthio, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxy, cyano, cyanomethoxy, nitro, phenoxy, pyrimidinylthiomethyl and C 1 -C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl, or which is substituted on two adjacent carbon atoms by straight-chain C r C 3 alkylenedioxy, or R 2 is a thien-2-yl, pyrid-2-yl or pyrid-3-yl group which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by halogen, or a pyrrol-2-yl group which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by C 1 -C alkyl, or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, fur-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or thiazol-2-yl group; and R 3 is hydrogen, C I -C 4 alkyl, halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethyI, cyano or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted indane ring whose carbon atom in the 1-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I, or are a 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by monohalophenyl or mono-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl and whose carbon atom in the 2-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 6. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: R x is C r C 4 alkyl; and either (e) X is a nitrogen atom; R 2 is unsubstituted phenyl, 3- or 4-halophenyl, having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 2-haIo-5-halo-C 1 -C alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 3-C r C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxyphenyl, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxyphenyl, 3-C 3 -C 4 cycloalkylmethoxyphenyl, phenyl which is substituted in the 3- and 4-positions by straight-chain C r C 3 alkylenedioxy, or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or pyrid-2-yl group; and R 3 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyl; or (f) X is a group la; and either R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkylthio, unsubstituted phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-halophenyl, 3,4-dihalophenyl in which the two halogen substituents are identical or different, 3- or 4-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl, 3-C 1 -C 4 alkyl-4-halophenyl, 2- or 3-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyIphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3,5-bis(halo-C 1 -C 4 alkyl)phenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 4-halo-3-halo-C 1 -C alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 2-halo-5-halo-C 1 -C alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 3-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 3-halo-C 1 -C alkoxyphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, 3-C 3 -C 4 cycloalkyImethoxyphenyl, 2-C 1 -C 4 alkylthio-5-halo-C 1 -C 4 alkylphenyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms in the haloalkyl substituent, 4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-3-C 1 -C 4 alkylthiomethylphenyl, 3-C 2 -C alkenyloxyphenyl, 3-C 2 -C 4 alkynyloxyphenyl, 4-phenoxyphenyl, 3- or 4-nitrophenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 3-cyanomethoxyphenyl, 4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-3-nitiOphenyl, 3-C r C 4 alkanesulfinylmethyl-4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxyphenyl, 4-C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-3-pyrimidin-2-ylthiomethylphenyl, phenyl which is substituted in the 3- and 4-positions by straight-chain C j -Csalkylenedioxy, or an unsubstituted thien-2-yl, pyrid-2-yl or pyrid-3-yl, 6-halopyrid-2-yl, 5-halothien-2-yl, l-C 1 -C 4 alkylpyrrol-2-yl or an unsubstituted naphth-2-yl, fur-2-yl, benzo[b]fur-2-yl or thiazol-2-yl group; and R 3 is hydrogen, C 1 -C alkyl, halo-C r C 4 alkyl having 1 up to and including 3 halogen atoms, C 1 -C 4 alkoxymethyl, ^^alkylthiomethyl, cyano or C 3 -C cycloalkyl; or R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which R 2 and R 3 are attached are an unsubstituted indane ring whose carbon atom in the 1 -position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I, or a 5,6-dihydro-2H-l,4-thiazine ring which is monosubstituted by 4-halophenyl or 4-C 1 -C alkoxyphenyl and whose carbon atom in the 2-position is part of the N=C double bond shown in formula I; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 7. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: X is a nitrogen atom; R j is C r C 2 alkyl; R 2 is 3-fluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl or unsubstituted pyrid-2-yl; and R 3 is C r C 2 alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 8. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: X is a nitrogen atom; R j is C 1 -C 2 alkyl; R 2 is 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-prop-l-yn-3-yloxyphenyl or 4-prop- l-yn-3-yloxyphenyl; R 3 is C r C 2 alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 9. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, in which: X is a group la; R x is C r C 2 alkyl; R 2 is unsubstituted phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-cycloρropylmethoxyρhenyl, 3-allyloxyphenyl, 3,4-ethylenedioxyphenyl or unsubstituted pyrid-2-yl; and R 3 is C r C 2 alkyl; in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 10. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, selected from the group of compounds comprising methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-phenylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo|^]thien-2-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-bromophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3,4-ethylenedioxyphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-pyrid-2-ylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[b]thien-2-yl]-3-methoxy- acrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-prop-l-en-3-yloxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-cyclopropylmethoxyphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl }-2-methoxyiminoacetate, methyl 2-{3-[3-a-^-2-oxa-4-(3-trifluoromemoxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl}-2-methoxyiminoacetate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 2-methoxyiminoacetate, methyl 2-[3-(3-aza-2-oxa-4-pyrid-2-ylpent-3-en-l-yl)benzo[b]thien-2-yl]- 2-methoxyiminoacetate, in each case in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 11. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula I, selected from the group of compounds comprising methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-2-oxa-4-(3-prop-l-in-3-yloxyphenyl)pent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien- 2-yl }-3-methoxyiminoacetate, methyl 2- { 3-[3-aza-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en- 1 -yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl } - 3-methoxyiminoacetate, methyl 2-{3-[3-aza-4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxapent-3-en-l-yl]benzo[b]thien-2-yl}- 3-methoxyacrylate, in each case in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form. 12. A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula I, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula in which R x and X are as defined in formula I and Z is an easily detachable nucleofugic radical, in particular bromine, with a compound of the formula HO- N = C(R 2 )(R 3 ) (Tjj), in which R 2 and R 3 are as defined in formula I, or, if appropriate, with a salt thereof, preferably in the presence of a base, if appropriate in the presence of an inert solvent or diluent, and/or converting a compound of the formula I which can be obtained by the process or by another route, in free form or, if appropriate, in salt form, into a different compound of the formula I, and/or resolving an isomer mixture which can be obtained according to the process and isolating the desired isomer, and/or, if desired, converting a free compound of the formula I which can be obtained according to the process into a salt, or converting a salt of a compound of the formula I which can be obtained according to the process into the free compound of the formula I or, if appropriate, into a different salt 13. A composition for protecting plants against infestation with pests, which comprises at least one compound according to claim 1, in free form or in salt form, as active ingredient and at least one auxiliary. 14. A composition according to claim 13 for protecting plants against infestation with phytopathogenic microorganisms. 15. A process for the preparation of a composition according to claim 13, which comprises intimately mixing the active ingredient with the auxiliary(ies). 16. The use of a compound according to claim 1, in free form or in salt form, or of a composition according to claim 13, for protecting plants against infestation with pests. 17. The use according to claim 16 for protecting plants against infestation with phytopathogenic microorganisms. 18. A method for protecting plants against infestation with pests, which comprises applying a compound according to claim 1, in free form or in salt form, as active ingredient to the plants or their locus. 19. A method according to claim 18 for protecting plants against infestation with phytopathogenic microorganisms.

Inventors: GANTZ FRANCOIS, TRAH STEPHAN, GANTZ, FRANCOIS, TRAH, STEPHAN
Applicants: CIBA GEIGY AG, CIBA-GEIGY AG
Application year: 1992
Main classification: A01N43
IPC codes: A01N43, C07D333, C07D403, C07D409, C07D417