Interactive multidimensional data interpretation tool

Abstract: An interactive data interpretation tool is disclosed for enabling the identification of the position of features in a multidimensional data set, the tool comprising means for displaying an image representing a 2-D slice of the data set; and user input means for causing the storage of the position of a feature in the displayed image, characterised in that the 2-D slice can be displayed as part of a projection of a 3-D image, the third dimension of which corresponds to one of the other dimensions of the data set, the tool comprising means operable in response to a predetermined user input operation to cause the co-ordinate of the currently displayed 2-D slice in the third dimension of the 3-D image to be incremented, and the positions in the 3-D image of any features identified in the previously displayed slice to be indicated. The invention finds particular application to the interpretation of seismological data sets. Other applications include oceanographic and medical imaging data sets.

Description: The invention relates to data interpretation tools. One important and time-consuming task which often needs to be carried out in the interpretation of multidimensional data sets, such as might be produced in seismological, oceanographical or medical imaging, is the identification of features, such as surfaces or horizons, embedded in the data. Conventionally, this task is carried out by using a computer display system to display 2-dimensional "slices" of the data set, one at a time. The intersection of the surface or horizon is identified by the operator and marked on each slice in turn. A suitably modified dataset is then saved for use in subsequent visualisation of the identified surface as a separate process. A major problem with this technique is that considerable effort is required to constantly check backwards and forwards between the displayed slices to ensure consistency between the marked locations of the intersections of the surface in the different slices. This problem is particularly acute in cases where there is considerable scope for error in the location of the intersection, its identification being largely a matter of judgement on the part of the operator of the device. One known solution to the problem is to transfer the user identified signature of data features between slices and to edit the signature in the newly displayed slice. While this does reduce the movement between slices, visualisation of the identified surface is still required as a separate step. This invention solves this problem by providing an interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in claim 1 for enabling the identification of the positions of features in a multidimensional data set. Such a system considerably speeds up and renders more convenient the extraction of features from a multidimensional data set because the user is able to see the slice he is currently working on in the full 3-D context of the features he has already identified in previously interpreted slices. He does not have to continually switch back and forth between displayed slices to ensure consistency of the identified features in different slices. Feature identification and visualisation of the identified features take place as a single integrated process. A series of slices can be "stepped through" and the development of an identified feature running through the surfaces can be monitored by the user and influence the identification of the feature in the currently displayed slice. In a preferred form of the invention the predetermined user input operation is the pressing of a mouse button or a key on a keyboard when the display cursor is positioned over a predetermined area of the display, which could be either the whole of the display surface or a small area upon which an icon representing, for example, an arrow is displayed. Preferably the invention is implemented in the form of a computer graphics workstation with a mouse-driven user interface. The invention finds particular, though not exclusive, application to the interpretation of seismological data sets, for example, for the identification of oil reservoirs. Other applications include oceanographic and medical imaging data sets. An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein: Figure 1 shows the data interpretation tool of the embodiment of the invention; and Figures 2, 3 and 4 show images displayed by the embodiment of the invention during the data interpretation process. The invention is most conveniently put into practice using a suitable computer program running on a conventional general purpose graphics workstation using a graphics subroutine "package" to provide the function necessary to drive the display. A diagram of such a workstation is shown in Figure 1. It comprises display device 10; system unit 20; and user input devices, mouse 30 and keyboard 40. The system unit 20 includes a disk storage device 60. A multidimensional data set is stored in disk storage device 60 in an appropriate format. The workstation is programmed to enable the display of 2-D slices of the data set as images 50 on display 10. The slices are displayed as projections of surfaces of a 3-D volume of interest which is generally cuboid. The data contained in the slice can be presented in any suitable manner, for example by colour mapping or texture mapping or any other of the conventional 2-D data visualisation techniques. More than one slice may be displayed as, for example, the back and sides of the cuboid volume. Such a displayed image is shown in Fig. 1. In this case two slices are shown as the left side surface 70 and back surface 80 of the projected cuboid. The system is arranged so that if a feature such as the intersection of a surface with the slice displayed on the left face is identifiable by the user, the user can register the position of this intersection and cause it to be displayed on the screen by "drawing in" the intersection using mouse 30. The registered position is the position of the cursor on the 2-D slice. This "drawn-in" line is indicated on Figure 1 at 90. Having identified the position of the intersection in this one slice, the user can cause the display of a neighbouring slice in the data set by a user input operation. In this embodiment the user clicks on a mouse button and the co-ordinate of the displayed slice in the third dimension of the cuboid is incremented. However, the previously drawn line is retained in the image, but is displaced in the cuboid. This situation is shown in Figure 3. The user can then proceed to identify the intersection of the surface with the newly displayed slice and draw in its position in a similar manner as displayed line 100. It will be understood that the user input operation could be the operation of the mouse when the cursor is positioned over a suitable icon. By repeating this operation for a series of slices, a representation 110 of the surface may be extruded from the volume as shown in Figure 4. The positions of the identified intersections, and thus of the surface, are at the same time stored in an appropriate form in disk storage unit 60. It will be understood that the ability to increment the co-ordinates of the displayed slice could be arranged to allow such an extrusion to the left, to the right, forwards or backwards, up or down as required.

Claims: Interactive data interpretation tool for enabling the identification of the position of a feature in a three multidimensional image data set, the tool comprising: means for displaying an image representing a first 2-D slice of the data set whereby the 2-D slice corresponds to a 2-D subset of said 3-D data set for which the coordinate of one of said three dimensions is constant; user input means for causing the storage of the position of a feature in the displayed image; means operable in response to a predetermined user input operation to cause the co-ordinate of the currently displayed 2-D slice in the said one of said three dimensions of the 3-D image to be incremented whereby said means for displaying displays an incremental 2-D slice of said 3-D data set corresponding to the incremented co-ordinate; and means for indicating the position of the feature for said first 2-D slice so as to provide an indication to the user of the position of the feature in said incremental slice. Interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the predetermined user input operation is the pressing of a mouse button or a key on a keyboard when the display cursor is positioned over a predetermined area of the display. Interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the user input means is operable when the display cursor is positioned over the displayed 2-D slice to cause the storage of the position on the 2-D slice of the display cursor as the position of the feature. Interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the features to be identified are the intersection of a surface with the displayed 2-D slice wherein the means for indicating causes the display of a line at the position in the 3-D image of previously identified such intersections. Interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in any preceding claim including storage means for storing the multidimensional data set and the positions of the identified features. Interactive data interpretation tool as claimed in any preceding claim in the form of a computer graphics workstation.

Inventors: BIRD COLIN, CHAPMAN SYD G, BIRD, COLIN, CHAPMAN, SYD G.
Applicants: IBM, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
Application year: 1992
Main classification: G06T17
IPC codes: G06T17