Mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors

Abstract: A pair of closed contacts having moving contacts (27A), (27B) and fixed contacts (25A), (26A), (25B), (26B) are provided in a mutual locking device and excitation circuits of two electromagnetic contactors which are inversely connected to respective closed contacts to effect electrical interlocking. The moving contacts are held by respective levers (36A), (36B) interlocked with driven members (5B) to be driven by corresponding moving contact supports of the electromagnetic contactors and opened when the electromagnetic contactor closes. Thus, electrical interlocking may be simultaneously effected using a mutual locking device for mechanically preventing two electromagnetic contactors reversibly connected from simultaneously closing.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present relates to a mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention is applicable to the forward-to-backward operation of a motor. In particular, the present invention relates to a mutual locking device for use in mechanically interlocking two electromagnetic contactors which are reversibly connected in order to prevent the simultaneous closing of the electromagnetic contactors. Discussion of the Related Art A mutual locking device of the sort shown in Figs. 6-8 inclusive, is well known. Fig. 6 shows a transverse sectional view of two electromagnetic contactors in an open state. Fig. 7 shows a transverse sectional view of one electromagnetic contactor in a closed state. Fig. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of the two electromagnetic contactors. In Fig. 6, there are shown two reversibly-connected electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B, and moving contact supports 2A, 2B for supporting respective moving contacts, the moving contact supports 2A, 2B being vertically movable. A mutual locking device 3 is used for preventing the simultaneous closing of the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B. The device is equipped with a pair of driven members 5A, 5B, a locking pin 6 disposed in a V-shaped cavity 18 formed between tilted edge faces 16A, 16B of driven members 5A, 5B and backing members 10A, 10B. The driven members 5A, 5B are coupled to the respective moving contact supports 2A, 2B via arms 17A, 17B, and driven to move in symmetric cases 4A, 4B while being in contact with each other. The cases 4A, 4B are held with positioning projections 9A, 9B fitted into the respective side walls of the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B as shown in Figs. 6-8. A front and a rear reset spring 7 in combination are used to bias the locking pin 6 upward and press it against the tilted edge faces 16A, 16B so that it is located in the center of the cavity 18. Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of parts constituting the mutual locking device 3 above. Windows 8A, 8B, bored in the cases 4A, 4B, are intended for use in passing the respective arms 17A, 17B of the driven members 5A, 5B. At one end, the reset springs 7 are hooked onto the locking pin 6. At the other end, the reset springs 7 are hooked onto the respective abutting ends of cylindrical projections 11A, 11B incorporated within the cases 4A, 4B. The backing members 10A, 10B are prismatic and integrally formed with the cases 4A, 4B. The cases 4A, 4B, incorporating the driven members 5A, 5B, the locking pin 6 and the reset springs 7, are set to face each other and fastened together by means of screws 13 that are forced into screw holes 12B through holes 12A. With this arrangement, when the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B are closed with moving cores (not shown) attracted downwardly as shown in Fig. 7, the moving contact supports 2A, 2B, which are integrally connected with the moving cores, are also caused to move and the driven members 5A, 5B descend correspondingly while guided by the inner wall surfaces of the cases 4A, 4B and the mutual contact surfaces 15A, 15B (Fig. 8). Fig. 7 shows the position to which the driven member 5B descends when the electromagnetic contactor 1B is closed. When the driven member 5B descends, the locking pin 6 is pushed to the left by the tilted edge face 16B of the driven member 5B and caused to slide onto the underside of the driven member 5A. As a result, the driven member 5A is prevented by the backing member 10A from descending via the locking pin 6 and the electromagnetic contactor 1A is not allowed to close. While the electromagnetic contactor 1A is in the closed state, the electromagnetic contactor 1B is also not allowed to close. In other words, the mutual locking device 3 operates to prevent the simultaneous closing of the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B. However, as shown in Fig. 6, when the locking pin 6 is located at the center the descent of either of the driven members 5A, 5B may be obstructed. Fig. 9 shows a control circuit in a forward-to-backward operating device for a motor using the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B. Electromagnetic coils F, R are connected in parallel via a stop push button switch 21. Opened contacts 22A, 22B, which constitute a closing push button switch, and the closed contacts 24B, 24A of the electromagnetic contactors 1B, 1A are inversely connected in series, respectively. When the excitation circuit of the electromagnetic coil F or R on one side is closed, the excitation circuit of the electromagnetic coil R or F on the other side is opened. These excitation circuits are thus electrically interlocked with each other. There are also provided closed contacts 23A, 23B mechanically interlocked with the opened contacts 22B, 22A of the closing push button switch. The conventional device described by reference to Figs. 6 - 8 has the following shortcomings: (1) The mutual locking device 3 has no built-in closed contacts. For this reason, with the provision of the electrical interlocking shown in Fig. 9, the mechanical interlocking requires direct use of only the closed contacts of the electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B which, in turn, results in a shortage of effective closed contacts. Consequently, the number of closed contacts necessary for the intended circuit may become insufficient. In such a case, some measures have to be taken to separately provide additional auxiliary contacts or relays. (2) Although it has been arranged so that the locking pin 6 is attracted by the reset springs 7 to the tilted edge faces 16A, 16B of the driven members 5A, 5B to ensure that it is held thereon, the reset springs 7 have to be extended to accommodate the locking pin 6 in the cavity 18 when the mutual locking device 3 is fabricated. Assembly thus becomes difficult and time consuming. A locking device having the features as indicated in the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-A-168395. This known device includes a pair of identically shaped members each supporting a contact spanner and being pivotable for closing associated fixed electrical contacts by the contact spanner. Each of the members include a cam surface and a concave surface. If one of the members is in a position corresponding to a closed contact, the cam surface of the other member abuts against the concave surface of said one member which prevents a disconnection of the closed fixed contacts. It is the object of the present invention to provide a new mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors which is improved over the prior art. This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. By these features, since a reset spring as used in the firstly mentioned prior art can be dispensed with, assembly work is simpler and costs are reduced by a decrease in the number of parts. The mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors, of this invention comprises a housing, a pair of driven members, disposed in the housing, to be driven by corresponding moving contact supports of two electromagnetic contactors which are reversibly connected, the driven members having tilted edge faces at one end so as to form a cavity between the driven members and a backing member which protrudes from the housing towards the ends of the driven members having the tilted edge faces, locking means, disposed in the cavity, for controlling the operations of the driven members so as to prevent the simultaneous closing of the electromagnetic contactors, and a pair of switches, disposed in the housing, each comprising a moving contact connected by a lever interlocked with one of the driven members, and fixed contacts facing the moving contact, wherein the moving contact provides an electrical connection between the fixed contacts when the one of the driven members to which the moving contact is connected is in a position at which the corresponding electromagnetic contactor is open. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the objects, advantages and principles of the invention. In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a transverse sectional view of an embodiment of the present device when neither of the electromagnetic contactors remains closed; Fig. 2 shows a side view of the interior taken on line II-II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows a transverse sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 1 when one of the electromagnetic contactor closes; Fig. 4 shows a side view of the interior taken on line IV - IV of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows an exploded perspective view of component parts in the embodiment of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 shows a transverse sectional view of a conventional device when neither of the electromagnetic contactors remains closed; Fig. 7 shows a transverse sectional view of the conventional device of Fig. 4 when one of the electromagnetic contactors closes; Fig. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of component parts of the conventional device of Fig. 6; and Fig. 9 shows a wiring diagram of the excitation circuit of the electromagnetic contactor explanatory of electrical interlocking. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Figs. 1-5 of the drawings illustrate an embodiment of the present invention to be described. Like reference characters designate substantially alike parts of the present invention or which correspond to parts of the conventional device in order to simplify the description thereof. Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of both electromagnetic contactors which are left open. Fig. 2 is a side view of the interior taken on line II-II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of electromagnetic contactors one of which is in a closed state. Fig. 4 is a side view of the interior taken on line IV-IV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a pair of driven members 5A, 5B, similar to those referred to in the conventional device, are slidably accommodated in respective cases 4A, 4B, and levers 36A, 36B are interlocked with the respective driven members 5A, 5B. As shown in Fig. 2, the levers 36A, 37B are in a trifurcated form with three arms, two of which is pivotally fitted to cylindrical projections 30A, 30B incorporated with the case 4B, and to cylindrical projections 40A, 40B projecting from the driven members 5A, 5B, respectively. Moreover, moving contacts 27A, 27B together with contact springs 28A, 28B are fitted to the respective remaining arms. Fixed contacts 25A, 26A, together with the moving contact 27A, constituting a closed contact, are secured to the case 4B and bridged by the moving contact 27A as shown in Fig. 2 when the corresponding one of the electromagnetic contactors is left open. Similarly, the fixed contacts 25B, 26B, together with the moving contact 27B, constituting a closed contact are also secured to the case 4B. As shown in Fig. 5, the moving contact 27A and the contact spring 28A are inserted into a window hole 37A of the lever 36A and a spring shoe 29A is inserted between the moving contact 27A and the contact spring 28A. Although not shown, the moving contact 27B is fitted to the lever 36B likewise. Holes 38A, 38B and holes 39A, 39B are those into which the cylindrical projections 30A, 30B and cylindrical projections 40A, 40B are fitted, respectively. The fixed contacts 25A, 26A are forced to enter respective grooves 33A, 34A of the case 4B before being fixed thereto. Likewise, the fixed contacts 25B, 26B are forced to enter respective grooves 33B, 34B of the case 4B before being fixed thereto. Terminal screws 32 are threaded into respective screw holes 43A, 43B, 44A, 44B of the fixed contacts 25A, 25B, 26A, 26B. In this case, moving contacts 45A, 45B and fixed contacts 41A, 41B, 42A, 42B are coupled to the opposing faces of the moving contacts 27A, 27B and the fixed contacts 25A, 25B, 26A, 26B, respectively. On the other hand, the reset springs 7 in the conventional device, which are attached to the locking pin 6, are not provided in the present invention. Instead, side walls 19A, 19B are provided for enclosing the locking pin 6 in the respective end portions of the driven members 5A, 5B. The locking pin 6 is allowed to move freely in a space between the driven members 5A, 5B and the backing members 10A, 10B. As the locking pin 6 is enclosed within these side walls 19A, 19B, it is prevented from slipping out of the space. With this arrangement, both electromagnetic contactors 1A, 1B are prevented from closing simultaneously since the descent of the driven members 5A, 5B is obstructed by the backing members 10A, 10B via the locking pin 6. As shown in Fig. 3, the locking pin 6 is pushed by the tilted edge face 16B and caused to slide onto the underside of the driven member 5A when one of the electromagnetic contactors closes, thus making the driven member 5B descend. The other electromagnetic contactor is thus prevented from closing. When one electromagnetic contactor closes, the other one is prevented from closing. As shown in Fig. 4, when one of the electromagnetic contactors is caused to close, thus allowing the driven member 5B to descend, the lever 36B interlocked with driven member 5B pivots about the cylindrical projection 30B and separates the moving contact 27B from the fixed contacts 25B, 26B. Consequently, the insertion of this contact in the excitation circuit of the electromagnetic coil of the other electromagnetic contactor makes it possible to prevent electrical closure of the electromagnetic contactor. As set forth above, the electrical interlocking is effected without using the closed contact of the electromagnetic contactor, itself, since the mutual locking device 3 has the built-in closed contact which opens when the electromagnetic contactor closes. Moreover, as the driven members 5A, 5B are provided with the respective side walls 19A, 19B, the contact springs 7 in the conventional device can be dispensed with. According to present device, the mutual locking device itself is able to effect the mechanical and electrical interlocking and a closed contact shortage in the electromagnetic contactor is avoided. As the reset springs can be dispensed with, assembly work is simpler and costs are reduced by a decrease in the number of parts. The foregoing description of preferred embodiment of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto, and their equivalents.

Claims: A mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors, comprising: a housing (4A, 4B); first shifting means (5A), disposed in said housing (4A), for shifting to one of two positions within said housing in response to corresponding movement of a contact support (36A) of a first electromagnetic contactor which is connected thereto; second shifting means (5B), disposed in said housing (4B), for shifting to one of two positions within said housing in response to corresponding movement of a contact support (36B) of a second electromagnetic contactor which is connected thereto, locking means for controlling the operations of the first and second shifting means so as to prevent the simultaneous closing of the first and second electromagnetic contactors; wherein, when said second shifting means is shifted in response to a closing of said second electromagnetic contactor, switching means, disposed in said housing, electrically disconnect said first electromagnetic contactor, and, when said first shifting means is shifted in response to a closing of said first electromagnetic contactor, said switching means electrically disconnect said second electromagnetic contactor, characterised in that said first shifting means (5A) and said second shifting means (5B) have tilted edge faces (16A, 16B) at one end so as to form a cavity between said first shifting means, said second shifting means, and a backing member (10A, 10B) which protrudes from said housing towards the end of the first and second shifting means having said tilted edge faces; said cavity being shaped as a pentagon wherein said backing member constitutes one side thereof, and an end portion of each said first and second shifting means constitutes two sides of the pentagonal-shaped cavity; said locking means is disposed in said cavity and comprises a locking pin (6) which is caused to slide between said backing member and one of said first and second shifting means to prevent one of said shifting means from being shifted by the corresponding electromagnetic contactor when the other one of said shifting means is in a position at which the electromagnetic contactor corresponding thereto is closed; and said locking pin is held by the walls of said cavity. A mutual locking device for electromagnetic contactors of claim 1, wherein said first and second shifting means comprise a pair of driven members (5A, 5B) to be driven by corresponding moving contact supports (36A, 36B) of said first and second electromagnetic contactors which are reversibly connected. The mutual locking device of claim 1 or 2, wherein said switching means comprises a pair of moving contacts (27A, 27B) connected by levers (36A, 36B) each interlocked with one of the first and second shifting means, and pairs of fixed contacts (25A, 25B) facing each moving contact, wherein each moving contact provides an electrical connection between said fixed contacts when one of the first and second shifting means to which said moving contact is connected is in a position at which the corresponding one of the first and second electromagnetic contactors is open. The mutual locking device of claim 2, wherein the levers (36A, 36B) connecting the moving contacts (27A, 27B) with the driven members (5A, 5B) are also pivotably connected to said housing (4A, 4B). The mutual locking device of claim 2, wherein each lever is a trifurcated lever (36A, 36B) having a first arm pivotably connected to said housing, a second arm pivotably connected to one of said driven members, and a third arm connected to one of the moving contacts. The mutual locking device of claim 5, wherein said third arm of each trifurcated lever is a slotted arm having said one of the moving contacts (27A, 27B) slidably disposed therein. The mutual locking device of claim 6, wherein said one of the moving contacts is biased by a spring (28A, 28B) provided in said slotted arm of said trifurcated lever. The mutual locking device of claim 2, wherein the fixed contacts (25A, 25B) are fixed to said housing.

Inventors: HIROTA TAKATO, HIROTA, TAKATO
Applicants: FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD, FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H01H50
IPC codes: H01H50, H01H9