HYPERTEXT CONTROL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISPLAYING HELP INFORMATION IN AN INTERACTIVE DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM

Abstract: A hypertext network and a method for displaying user selectable information modules in a hypertext network are provided for use in an interactive data processing system. The hypertext network includes a plurality of user selectable information modules. At least some of the modules include a link reference phrase to another user selectable target module. Responsive to a user selection input, a link reference phrase to another user selectable target module is identified in a selected information module. The availability of the other user selectable target module corresponding to the identified link reference phrase is determined and the identified reference phrase link is selectively activated or deactivated responsive to the determined availability of other user selectable target module. The identified reference phrase link can be selectively activated or deactivated based upon user class or user authority. A corresponding target module can be selected responsive to an identified user class or user authority.

Description: HYPERTEXT CONTROL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISPLAYING HELP INFORMATION IN AN INTERACTIVE DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM The invention relates generally to interactive data pro¬ cessing systems, and more particularly to a hypertext control method and apparatus for manipulation of help information displayed in an interactive data processing system. Computers often include on-line interactive learning func¬ tions to facilitate ease of learning for users of one or many computer programs or applications. Many computer systems have adopted a hypertext network or a help/dialog approach which gives the user display screens of help/dialog information for specific applications selected by the user. The hypertext network is a non-sequential approach for on-line presentation of help information or text to describe a selected term or concept. A choice of several options of information or text associated with particular hypertext reference phrases is provided to the user. Typically the user controls the particular hypertext screen to . be displayed by selecting a hypertext reference phrase from a curren . hypertext screen. Then the . next hypertext screen displays text associated with the selected hypertext reference phrase and additional reference phrases from which a next selection can be made. The hypertext screens are connected by directed links. A difficulty for the user with the conventional hypertext arrangement is that hypertext reference phrases are dis¬ played as options when the target hypertext screens .have not been installed on the system. As a result the user is allowed to select useless links to empty or nonexistent target modules. Also the conventional hypertext arrangement does not pro¬ vide an effective way to display different hypertext in¬ formation or different target modules based upon class or authority of the user. A programmer may need to see more detailed information than a system operator or other user; however, in the conventional hypertext arrangement the same help information associated with particular hypertext reference phrases is displayed for all users. U.S. patent 4,964,077 discloses a technique for automati¬ cally adjusting help information displayed in an on-line interactive data entry data processing system. The dis¬ closed system tracks the number of times a user has in¬ voked a help/dialog function, compares that number with a threshold value and then displays less help/dialog infor¬ mation to the user. The disclosed system builds a data base of help/dialogs which are uniquely addressed by the functional area and skill level of the individual user as tracked by the number of times the user has been through the help/dialog for a particular functional area. While the disclosed technique provides improvements, the above- described disadvantages of the conventional hypertext arrangement remain. Important objects of the present invention are to provide a hypertext control method and apparatus for displaying help information in an interactive data processing system overcoming disadvantages of hypertext networks and help/dialog arrangements used in the past; to provide a hypertext control method and apparatus in which a hypertext link reference phrase is selectively activated and deactivated to enable the user to effectively and efficiently access help information; to provide a hypertext control method and apparatus in which different hypertext information or different target modules are displayed based upon a user class or authority; and to provide an improved user interface for a hypertext network to facilitate ease of learning for different classes of users and to avoid useless links to empty or nonexistent target modules. In brief, the objects and advantages of the present inven¬ tion are achieved by a hypertext network and a method for displaying user selectable information modules in a hypertext network used in an interactive data processing system. The hypertext network includes a plurality of user selectable information modules. At least some of the modules include a link reference phrase to an other user selectable target module. Responsive to a user selection input, a link reference phrase to an other user selectable target module is identified in a selected information module. The availability of the other user selectable * target module corresponding to the identified link refer¬ ence phrase is determined and the identified link refer¬ ence phrase is selectively activated or deactivated re¬ sponsive to the determined availability of other user selectable target module. The identified link reference phrase can be selectively activated or deactivated based upon user class or user authority. A corresponding target module can be selected responsive to an identified user class. The present invention together with the above and other objects and advantages may best be understood from the following detailed description of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a block diagram representation of a computer or data processing system embodying the present invention; FIG. 2 is a truncated block diagram illustrating a hypertext network of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a logic flow diagram illustrating the hypertext control method and conditional apparatus of the present invention; and FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are illustrations of hypertext screens together illustrating the operation of the present inven¬ tion. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of computer system 10- of the invention. Computer system 10 consists of host computer 5 and terminal 7. Host computer 5 contains processor 12 connected to memory 14, hypertext network 28, hypertext process controller 26, disk file 16, and display buffer 24. Display buffer 24 is connected via line 6 to display 22 of terminal 7. User input device 20 is connected to display 22. In the preferred embodiment, host computer 5 is an IBM Application System/400 Midra ge computer, termi¬ nal 7 is an IBM 5250 non-prograrumable display terminal, display buffer 24 is an IBM Workstation I/O Processor, Type 6040, and hypertext process controller 26 is the user interface management (UIM) support facility of the AS/400. In an alternate embodiment, computer system 10 is an IBM PS/2 computer. In this alternate embodiment, both host computer 5 and terminal 7 may be contained in the same physical package. Other alternate embodiments are possi¬ ble and fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In FIG. 2 there is shown a truncated block diagram illus¬ trating the hypertext network 28 including a plurality of help modules A-G designated as 3C stored on a data storage medium. Each help module 30 serves as a node in the hypertext network 28. A plurality of arrows 32 represent predefined user selectable hypertext links to other target modules or nodes 30 selected by a user to access a partic¬ ular MODULE A-G of the help modules 30 of the hypertext network 28. As shown in FIG. 2, predefined static hypertext links 32 exist from MODULE A to MODULE B to MODULE E to MODULE D to MODULE F to MODULE E. In accordance with the present invention, predefined user selectable hypertext links 32 are deactivated when the target module 30 is not installed on the system or the user is not authorized to use the target module. A plu¬ rality of stored target modules are associated with the predefined user selectable hypertext links 32 which are selectively displayed to an individual user based on user class, user authority to target modules or the existence of a target module on the system. User classes include various skill levels, such as, beginner, intermediate, expert, and other classes, for example, such as, security officer (SECOFR), security administrator (SECADM), pro¬ grammer (PGMR) , system operator (SYSOPR) , or a user (US¬ ER) . A conditional hypertext link definition tag of the invention follows: :LINK PERFORM = 'action-text' [UNLESSn = 'conditional-expression'] [THENDOn = 'action-text' ] [LINKWHEN = 'conditional-expression'], n = 1 through 4 - Reference phrase text :ELINK. where :LINK identifies the text reference phrase and indi¬ cates the operation to be performed as a static hypertext link when the reference phrase text is selected by the user. PERFORM = 'action-text' specifies the action that is to occur when the reference phrase is selected and all of the condition-expressions for the UNLESSn attributes have evaluated to false. For example, a valid form of action- text is : 'DSPHELP help-module-name [panel-group-name] ' . Both UNLESSn = 'conditional-expression' and LINKWHEN = 'conditional-expression' identify one or more optional conditions. THENDOn = 'action-text' specifies the action that is to occur when the reference phrase is selected and the conditional-expression for the corresponding UNLESSn at¬ tribute is evaluated to true and all the conditional ex¬ pressions for the lower numbered UNLESSn attributes have evaluated to false. When useα, the UNLESSn and THENDOn attributes are structured or coded as pairs. The expressions for the UNLESSn attributes are evaluated in numerical order and if one evaluates to true the corre¬ sponding THENDOn action is performed and all higher num¬ bered UNLESSn and THENDOn attributes as well as the PER¬ FORM attribute are ignored. The set of conditions that can be formed with the LINKWHEN attribute can be identical to the set of conditions that can be formed with the UNLESSn attributes; however, the significance of those conditions is different. The LINKWHEN attribute is used to activate or deactivate the LINK tag while the UNLESSn attributes are used to select the action to be performed when an active LINK tag is selected. FIG. 3 illustrates a logic flow diagram of the hypertext control method and conditional logic apparatus of the present invention. The sequential logic operations begin as indicated at a block 300 with accessing the hypertext network 28. As indicated at a block 302, a user selected hypertext module is read. A reference phrase is identi¬ fied in the user selected hypertext module as indicated at a decision block 304. When a hypertext reference phrase is not identified, then the target module 30 associated with the selected reference phrase is displayed as indi¬ cated at a block 306. Then the control procedure is exit¬ ed as indicated at a block 308. When a link reference phrase for the selected module 30 is identified, as indi¬ cated at a decision block 310, then (LINKWHEN) conditional functions are evaluated. When a LINKWHEN conditional function evaluates to false, then the link reference phrase is deactivated as indicated at a block 312. Then the sequential operations return to block 302 for reading and processing all static links within the selected mod¬ ule. Otherwise when the LINKWHEN conditional function evaluates to true, then the link reference phrase is acti¬ vated as indicated at a block * sι4. Then ( v UNLESSn)' conditional functions conditionn are evalu- ated in numerical order as indicated at blocks 316, 318 and 320. As shown in block 320, allowed values for n are 1 through 4. When an n greater than 4 is identified at block 320, then (PERFORM) is selected as indicated at a block 322. When a condition evaluates to true, then a corresponding (THENDOn) action is selected as indicated at a block 324. Then the sequential operations return to block 302 for reading and processing all static links within the selected module. A conditional-expression for UNLESSn and LINKWHEN condi¬ tional functions can be defined by AND/OR logic or built- in functions of hypertext process controller 26 in accor¬ dance with the following grammar: expression = term = expression *OR term term = factor := term *AND factor factor : := function := ( expression ) := *NOT ( expression ) function : := function-id ( arg-list ) := function-id For example, a check object CHKOBJ(object-name,object- type[,authorities]) built-in function evaluates true if the object is found on the system and the user possesses at least the level of * authorization to the object speci¬ fied on the function. When a level of authorization is not specified, then the check object function provides only the object existence check. A check user class CHKUSRCLS(user-class) built-in function evaluates true if the user has at least the level of user class specified on the function. Referring to FIGS. 4-6, hypertext screens for help modules 30 are shown to illustrate the hypertext dynamic display control procedure of the invention. Each help module 30 is a variable length information record including a prede¬ fined descriptive header or title 34, such as Objects shown in FIGS. 4 -and 5. Each hypertext link reference phrase is displayed as highlighted text that is under¬ scored on a monochrome display or displayed as yellow text that is underscored on a color display. The user presses the TAB key to move the cursor to a particular displayed link reference phrase and then presses the ENTER key to display the hypertext associated with the selected refer¬ ence phrase. In FIG. 5, a highlighted user selectable hypertext link or activated link reference phrase 36 of work with objects is shown. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the work with objects text is not highlighted and the hypertext link is not activated and is not available for user selection, for example, because the target module is not installed on the system or because the target module is not available to the user class. FIG. 6 illustrates a displayed screen having a descriptive header 34 of Work with Object Command that can be selected by the user, for example, using the TAB key to move the cursor to the Work with Object link in the Objects module screen display of FIG. 5, then the ENTER key is pressed. One of a plurality of stored target screens can be dis¬ played to provide different text information based on user class, user authority to target modules or the existence of a target module on the system.

Claims: 10 CLAIMS 1. A hypertext network for use in an interactive data processing system including a processor device, a memory, a user input device and a display compris¬ ing: means for storing a plurality of user selectable information modules, at least some of said modules including a link reference phrase to a user select¬ able target module; means responsive to a user selection input of an information module for identifying a reference phrase link to a user selectable target module in said selected information module; and means responsive to said identifying means for evalu¬ ating a first conditional function and for activat¬ ing or deactivating said identified link reference phrase responsive to said evaluated first condition¬ al function. 2. A hypertext network as recited in claim 1 further comprising means responsive to said first evaluating means for displaying said user selected module with said activated or deactivated link reference phrase. 3. A hypertext network as recited in claim 1 further comprising means responsive to an identified link reference phrase for evaluating a second conditional function and for selecting a corresponding target module responsive to said evaluated second condi¬ tional function. 4. A hypertext network as recited in claim 1 wherein said first evaluating means include conditional logic means for deactivating said identified link reference phrase when said user selectable target module is unavailable on the system. 5. A hypertext network as recited in claim 1 further comprising means for identifying a user class of the user and wherein said first evaluating means include conditional logic means for deactivating said iden¬ tified link reference phrase when said user select¬ able target module is unavailable to said identified user class. 6. A hypertext network as recited in claim 1 wherein a deactivated link reference phrase is unavailable for user input selection. 7. A hypertext network as recited in claim 3 wherein said second evaluating means include means for iden¬ tifying a user class of the user and conditional logic means for selecting a corresponding target module responsive to said identified user class. 8. A method for displaying user selectable information modules in a hypertext network for use in an inter¬ active data processing system, the hypertext network including a plurality of user selectable information modules, at least some of said modules including a link reference phrase to an other user selectable target module, said method comprising the steps of: identifying responsive to a user selection input a link reference phrase to an other user selectable target module in a selected information module; determining the availability of said other user se¬ lectable target module corr Donding to said identi¬ fied link reference phrase; and selectively activating or deactivating said identi¬ fied link reference phrase responsive to said deter¬ mined availability of said other user selectable target module. 12 9. A method for displaying user selectable information modules as recited in claim 8 wherein said step of determining the availability of said other user selectable target module includes the steps of iden¬ tifying a user class of the user and selectively activating or deactivating said identified link reference phrase responsive to said identified user class. 10. A method for displaying user selectable information modules as recited in claim 8 wherein a plurality of said other user selectable target modules are stored, each corresponding a user class. 11. A method or displaying user selectable information modules as recited in claim 10 further includes the steps of identifying a user class of the user and selecting said other user selectable target module responsive to said identified user class. 12. A hypertext network for use in an interactive data processing system including a processor device, a memory, a use * - .input device and a display compris¬ ing: means foi storing a plurality of user selectable information modules, at least some of said modules including a link reference phrase to a user select¬ able target module; means responsive to a user selection input of an information module for identifying a reference phrase link to a user selectable target module in said selected information module; first conditional logic means responsive to said identifying means for selectively activating or deactivating said identified link reference phrase; and second conditional logic means responsive to said identifying means for selecting one of a plu¬ rality of corresponding stored target modules.

Inventors: ALLEN PAUL V, CARROLL CHARLES MICHAEL, FISHEL EDWARD ALAN, ALLEN, PAUL, V., CARROLL, CHARLES, MICHAEL, FISHEL, EDWARD, ALAN
Applicants: IBM, IBM DEUTSCHLAND, IBM DEUTSCHLAND GMBH, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
Application year: 1992
Main classification: G06F15
IPC codes: G06F3, G06F12, G06F17