Composite canned data bus coupler connector

Abstract: A data bus coupler includes a plated composite housing and a plurality of twin axial contacts, the shielding portions of each contact being connected to the housing by a conductive insert which serves to retain the contacts in the connector. The coupler also includes a printed circuit board carrying transformers and isolation resistors for providing stub connections to a data bus line.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to electrical connectors, and more particularly to a shielded electrical connector including data bus coupling circuitry. 2. Description of Related Art A data bus coupler is an electrical connector which permits splitting of data signals without attenuation of the signal strength. The data bus typically includes a single, twisted, pair of wires and a cable shield which protects transmitted data from magnetic and electrostatic interference. The coupler typically includes a bus line which connects an input contact to an output contact, and a number of branch or stub contacts tapped into the bus line via transformers. The resulting multiplexed data bus coupler enables the use of smaller and lighter twinaxial cables instead of complicated, heavy and dedicated cabling. Desirable qualities in a data bus coupler are that the coupler be compact, lightweight, electromagnetically sealed, and able to withstand severe environmental conditions. One such data bus coupler is disclosed in Patent No. 4,720,155. The coupler of Patent No. 4,720,155 includes a metallic shell, an apertured ground plate to connect the shields of the contacts to the shell, a dielectric contact retention member, and a circuit board which carries a transformer and isolation resistors. The ground plate fits between the main housing and a rear can enclosure which encloses the circuit board. The coupler disclosed in Patent No. 4,720,155 provides a compact and effectively shielded structure. However, for many applications, it would be desirable to reduce even further the weight, number of parts, and size of such a coupler, without reducing its shielding effectiveness. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an objective of the invention to provide a less complex shielded electrical connector in which a ground plane and dielectric contact retention member are replaced by a conductive insert assembly which serves as both a contact retention member and as a ground path between the housing and the contacts. It is a still further objective of the invention to provide an electrical connector which includes a circuit board on which are mounted the connector contacts and circuit elements such as resistors and transformers arranged to provide an especially compact data bus coupler assembly. Accordingly the invention provides an electrical connector as defined in claim 1. Further embodiments are defined in the dependent claims 1 to 5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a side view, partially in cross section, showing a twinaxial data bus coupler connector arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 is an end view of the data bus coupler connector of Figure 1. Figure 3a is a cross-sectional side view of a conductive insert for use in the data bus coupler connector of Figure 1. Figure 3b is a conductive staking ring for use in the data bus coupler connector of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of a printed circuit board, a representative twinaxial contact, and representative data bus circuitry arranged in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, taken along line B-B of Figure 5. Figure 5 is an end view of the circuit board of Figure 4. Figures 6 is a schematic wiring diagram for the data bus coupler connector of Figure 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Figure 1 is a side view, partially in cross section, of a twinaxial data bus coupler connector 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Coupler 1 includes a plurality of standard twinaxial contact assemblies 2-7. The size and shape of the contacts may of course be varied as required, and it is intended that the invention be useable with contacts other than twinaxial contacts, such as triaxial contacts or coaxial contacts. The use of twinaxial contacts is by way of example only and not to be taken as limiting. As shown in Figures 2 and 6, contacts 2 and 7 are arranged as main data bus contacts, while contacts 3-6 form stub contacts. While it is not critical that the contacts be arranged in any particular order, the illustrated version is convenient in that the main data bus contacts are easily identified because contact 7 is at the center of the coupler and contact 2 is adjacent an optional key 8 in the form of a groove on the inside of a cylindrical housing 9. Housing 9 shields contacts 2-7 and is also provided with grooves 10. Data bus contacts 2 and 7 are different from stub contacts 3-6 in that they are directly connected together by a bus line rather than connected via transformers, but the contacts are otherwise identical. The manner in which the contacts are connected together will be explained in greater detail below. As is best shown in Figures 3(a)-3(b), contacts 2-7 are supported within housing 9 by conductive insert 11, which is held in place by conductive staking ring 15 and which serves to both retain the contacts within housing 9, and also provide a ground path between each of the contacts and the housing. Contact retention is accomplished by resilient retention fingers or tines 17 which are integral with and extend from retention clips mounted in apertures in conductive insert 11 and engage annular collars 18 provided on the contacts to retain the contacts within the assembly against steps or shoulders 19 and thereby prevent axial movement of the contact in either axial direction. It will be appreciated that resilient fingers 17 may be replaced by a wide variety of contact retention structures known to those skilled in the art, as required by the type of contact selected. Conductive insert 11 may be formed of a solid conductive material or a conductively plated dielectric material. In either case, the insert is generally cylindrical and includes an aperture for each contact. A front section 20 of insert 11 has a smaller diameter and smaller apertures 21 than does a rear section 22. The larger diameter apertures 23 of section 20 are provided for the purpose of accommodating collars 18 and for forming shoulders 19. Conductive staking or retaining ring 15 fits over and is staked to a staking groove 25 on conductive insert 11, and to housing 9 in order to secure the resulting conductive insert assembly into the shell. Contacts 2-7 include collars 18 and shoulders 19 utilized in the preferred embodiment for cooperation with tines 17 on conductive insert 11, and resilient contact tines 30 for establishing a secure electrical connection to the outer shield contact of a data bus or stub connection plug (not shown). As is conventional, the plugs also include signal carrying inner contacts (not shown) which mate with corresponding inner contacts on contacts 2-7 (not shown), the inner contacts of contacts 2-7 being connected to respective PC tails 31 and 32 on each contact. Housing 9 and rear can enclosure 34 are preferably formed from a composite material such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) reinforced with approximately 45 % by weight carbon fibers. However, it is intended that the scope of the invention as defined in the claims include other composite materials, including both inorganic and organic matrix composites, and other reinforcing fibers such as glass. For the purposes described herein, the term "composite material" is intended to mean any material that results when two or more materials, each having its own, usually different characteristics, are combined in order to provide the composite material with useful properties for a specific application, and in which each of the input materials serves a specific function in the composite. A significant advantage of organic matrix composites, such as the preferred 45% carbon fiber reinforced PEEK, is that the ratio of strength to weight is relatively high while manufacture can be accomplished by relatively simple molding techniques. Housing 9 includes a front mating portion 35 for coupling to a corresponding plug connector to which the data bus and stub lines are secured, an intermediate section 36 to which insert 11 and conductive staking ring 15 are staked, and a rear section 37 provided with means such as external threads for securing rear can enclosure 34 to housing 9. A flange 12 provided with apertures 13 permits housing 9 to be secured to a bulkhead or electrical device housing by screws or the like (not shown) to mount the coupler and provide a direct path from the coupler housing to ground. In order to provide shielding for the contents of the coupler, both coupler housing 9, insert 11 and rear can enclosure 34 are coated with a conductive metal such as nickel. A variety of suitable metals and coating methods are known to those skilled in the art, and each is intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims. However, it will be appreciated that, for maximum shielding effectiveness, metal plating 20 should cover all exposed interior and exterior surfaces of the housing and rear can enclosure, in order to provide 360° shielding and to ensure ground path continuity at flange 12 and at the interface between the housing, insert, 11 and conductive staking ring 15. As is best shown in Figures 3 and 4, the preferred data bus coupler includes a circuit board assembly 43 having traces 44 connected to conductive tails 31 and 32 on contacts 2-7, and to a plurality of conventional resistors 41 and transformers 42 arranged according to the circuit shown in Figure 6. The printed circuit board includes metal foil traces for directing the electrical paths and plated through-holes 45 for mounting and soldering in place the circuit components. Resistors 41 provide isolation for tapping into the bus lines via transformers 42. As is best shown in Figures 2 and 6, contacts 2 and 7 are located on the main bus line, and contacts 3-6 provide means for tapping into the bus line via the transformers. Because PCB contact tails 31 and 32 terminate contacts 2-7 by being directly connected to through-holes 45 in circuit board 43, because all of the contacts extend from one side of the board and, because the board is consequently oriented transversely to longitudinal axes of the contacts, the length of the coupler is greatly decreased. It will be appreciated, of course, that numerous contact arrangements and data bus or connector circuitry arrangements other than those described above could be used within the coupler of the preferred embodiment. In addition, the invention is not intended to be limited to data bus couplers, but rather may be applied to a wide variety of connector structures. Finally, the features of a composite housing, conductive retention insert, and data bus PC board, while especially advantageous if used together, could also be provided separately in different contexts. For example, the 45 % carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composite could also be used not only in cylindrical connector enclosures, but also in plug receptables and connector coupling nuts. Therefore, while the invention has been described specifically in the context of a particular type of connector, it is intended that the invention not be limited thereto, but rather that it be limited only in accordance with the appended claims.

Claims: An electrical connector comprising a housing (9) having a conductive shield (20') thereon and containing a plurality of contacts (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), each contact having an annular collar (18) and at least one signal carrying inner contact, characterized in that the signal carrying inner contact terminates in a PCB tail (31, 32), the PCB tails of at least two of said contacts are connected together by transformers (42) and resistors (41) on a printed circuit board (44) to thereby connect the signal carrying inner contacts of the contacts to each other, and the annular collar is arranged to engage a conductive insert (11) which surrounds said contacts and is separate from the circuit board to ground the contacts to the conductive shield on said housing. A connector as claims in claim 1, wherein said housing is made of a composite material substrate. A connector as claimed in claim 2, wherein said conductive shield comprises a metal plating on said substrate. A connector as claimed in claim 2, wherein said composite material comprises a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) matrix and approximately 45% by weight carbon fibers. A connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein said contacts are twinaxial contacts.

Inventors: GALLUSSER DAVID OTIS, LEBARON JAMES BROWNLOW, WHEELER ROBERT GORDON, GALLUSSER, DAVID OTIS, LEBARON, JAMES BROWNLOW, WHEELER, ROBERT GORDON
Applicants: AMPHENOL CORP, AMPHENOL CORPORATION
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H05K9
IPC codes: H01R13, H01R31