Vehicle bonnets

Abstract: A vehicle bonnet assembly includes a bonnet (10) hinged to the vehicle body adjacent its trailing edge (20) and having releasable latch means (70) adjacent its leading edge (12), the latch means (70) being secured to the vehicle body by a structural member (75) which will collapse longitudinally of the vehicle when a load is applied thereto due to an impact load applied to the leading edge (12), collapsing of the structural member (75) causing the bonnet (10) to move rearwardly, the hinge means (85; 90) being arranged to lift the trailing edge (20) upon rearward movement of the bonnet (10).

Description: The present invention relates to vehicle bonnets and in particular bonnets for motor cars. In modern motor car design, for visibility, aerodynamic and styling reasons, it is desirable that the bonnet line is kept as low as possible. As a result, there is generally very little clearance between the bonnet and the engine bay contents of the motor car. Consequently, the bonnet will provide very little cushioning effect when impacted by a pedestrian during an accident. According to one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle bonnet assembly includes a bonnet, said bonnet being hinged to the vehicle body by hinge means located adjacent its trailing edge, releasable latch means being provided adjacent the leading edge of the bonnet, characterised in that said latch means are secured to the vehicle body by a structural member which is designed to collapse longitudinally of the vehicle when a load is applied thereto due to an impact load applied to the leading edge of the bonnet, the structural member causing the bonnet to move rearwardly upon collapse, the hinge means being arranged to lift the trailing edge of the bonnet upon rearward movement of the bonnet. In accordance with the present invention, upon impact with a pedestrian, the vehicle bonnet is lifted to provide a clearance, so that the bonnet may deform to cushion the impact. The invention is now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bonnet assembly in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 2 shows a modification to the bonnet assembly illustrated in Figure 1. In the bonnet assembly illustrated in Figure 1 the bonnet 10 is hinged to the vehicle body, by means of a pair of hinges 85 located adjacent its trailing edge 20. A pair of latch assemblies 70 are provided adjacent the leading edge 12 of the bonnet for releasably fastening the bonnet 10 in its closed position. The latch assemblies 70 are of conventional construction having members 71 extending from the underside of the bonnet 10 adjacent its leading edge 12 and latching means 72 which will engage and clamp the members 71 when the bonnet 10 is closed. The latching means 72 are controlled by cables 73 to release the members 71 thus permitting the bonnet 10 to be opened. The latching means 72 are mounted with respect to the vehicle body on quadrilateral frame members 75. Each frame member 75 is mounted longitudinally of the vehicle, an upstanding side 76 of the frame member 75 being secured to the vehicle body by means of bolts 77. Side 78 of frame member 75 extends forwardly and downwardly from the upper end of side 76. The latch means 72 is secured to the forward end of side 78. The frame member 75 is formed from angle section and is locally weakened at the corners by means of notches 79 to provide hinge points so that when an impact is applied to the leading edge 12 of bonnet 10 the frame member 75 will deform, the leading edge of side 78 and the latch means 72 secured thereto moving downwardly and rearwardly. A buffer 80 is provided on the rearward end of side 78 for engagement of the underside of bonnet 10. The buffers 80 serve to cushion and align the bonnet 10 in normal operation and provide a pivot about which the bonnet 10 will rotate when the frame members 75 collapse. The bonnet 10 is hinged adjacent its trailing edge by means of hinges 85. The hinges 85 are connected to the vehicle body by means of brackets 86 and pins 87. The hinges 85 are of S or swan neck configuration and are made of tubular section. The end 88 of hinges 85 remote from the pins 87 are flattened and are secured to the bonnet 10 in suitable manner. The flattening of the tubular section hinges 85 provides a weakened hinge line 89. If the vehicle is in collision with a pedestrian, the impact on the leading edge 12 of the bonnet 10 will cause the frame members 75 to collapse so that the latch mechanisms 72 and leading edge 12 of the bonnet 10 which is held with respect thereto by means of members 71 will move downwardly and rearwardly. The rearward part of bonnet 10 will thus pivot upwardly about buffers 80 and rearward movement of the bonnet 10 will cause the hinges 85 to bend along hinge lines 89, causing the trailing edge 20 of the bonnet 10 to lift. Clearance beneath the bonnet 10 is consequently increased in similar manner to the embodiments described previously. It will be appreciated that the latch mechanisms 72 may be secured to the vehicle body in any manner which will cause the latch mechanism 72 to move rearwardly in response to an impact. For example, the frame members 75 may alternatively be attached to the vehicle body adjacent their leading side and the latch means 72 attached to the upper side of the frame membner 75 adjacent its trailing edge, so that upon impact the latch means 72 will move downward and rearwardly. Instead of being formed from angle section, frame member 75 may be formed from tubular section, the tubular section being flattened at the corners to provide pivot points. Alternatively, the frame may be formed from separate wall sections interconnected by torque loaded frictional pivot joints. Figure 2 shows a modification to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, in which the hinges 85 are replaced by a four bar linkage mechanism 90. The linkage mechanism 90 comprises a first link 91 which is secured to the vehicle body and a second link 92 secured to the bonnet 10. Adjacent ends of links 91 and 92 are interconnected by link 93 which is pivotally connected at each end to one of the respective links 91 and 92, the other ends of links 91 and 92 are connected by link 94 which again is pivotally connected at each end to one of the respective links 91 and 92. A tension spring 95 acts between the pivotal connection of link 93 to link 92 and the pivotal connection between link 94 and link 91. The links 91, 92, 93 and 94 are dimensioned and links 91 and 92 positioned such that upon normal opening of the bonnet; link 93 will pivot forwardly so that the pivot point between link 93 and link 92 moves downwards and forwards; while the pivot point between links 94 and 92 will at first move forwardly and then upwardly and rearwardly as links 92 and 93 rotate into straight alignment and then invert to form quadrilaterals which are re-entrant at the pivot between links 92 and 93. In this manner the leading edge 12 of the bonnet 10 is raised to permit access to the engine compartment. In the event of an accident, impact on the leading edge 12 of the bonnet 10 will cause the bonnet 10 to move rearwardly in the manner described above and the rearward movement of bonnet 10 will cause links 93 and 94 to pivot rearwardly lifting the trailing edge 20 of the bonnet 10. The springs 95 will absorb some of the energy of the impact. A pawl and ratchet or similar mechanism may be provided to prevent recoil of the links 93 and 94.

Claims: A vehicle bonnet assembly including a bonnet (10), said bonnet (10) being hinged to the vehicle body by hinge means (85; 90) located adjacent its trailing edge (20), releasable latch means (70) being provided adjacent the leading edge (12) of the bonnet (10), characterised in that said latch means (70) are secured to the vehicle body by a structural member (75) which is designed to collapse longitudinally of the vehicle when a load is applied thereto due to an impact load applied to the leading edge (12) of the bonnet (10), the structural member (75) causing the bonnet (10) to move rearwardly upon collapse, the hinge means (85; 90) being arranged to lift the trailing edge (20) of the bonnet (10) upon rearward movement of the bonnet (10). A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 1 characterised in that the structural member (75) is a quadrilateral frame member located longitudinally of the vehicle, the corners of the frame member (75) being weakened in order to provide hinge points. A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 2 characterised in that frame member (75) is located longitudinally of the vehicle and is connected to the vehicle body by an upstanding side (76), the latch mechanism (70) being secured to the forward end of an upper side (78) of the frame member (75), said upper side (78) extending forwardly and downwardly from said upstanding side (76). A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 3 characterised in that a buffer (80) is provided at the rearward end of the upper side (78) of the frame member (75). A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 1 characterised in that the hinge means (85) has a weakened portion (88) which will permit the hinge (85) to bend. A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 1 characterised in that the hinge means (90) comprises a four bar linkage (91, 92, 93, 94), a first link (91) being secured to the vehicle body and a second link (92) being secured to the bonnet (10), a third link (93) pivotally connected at each end to adjacent rear ends of the first and second links (91, 92) and a fourth link (94) pivotally connected at each end to the adjacent forward ends of the first and second links (91, 92), the links (91, 92, 93, 94) being arranged to permit upward pivoting of the leading edge (12) of the bonnet (10) in normal operation and lifting of the trailing edge (20) of the bonnet (10) upon rearward movement of the bonnet (10) when an impact is applied to its leading edge (12). A vehicle bonnet assembly according to Claim 6 characterised in that a tension spring (95) acts between the pivot connection of the third link (93) to the second link (92) and the pivot connection of the fourth link (94) to the first link (91).

Inventors: CADY JOHN BILLINGTON, FISHER STEPHEN ANDREW, HOWARD MARK SHANE, LLOYD ROBERT CHARLES WILLIAM, THOMAS ALAN VAUGHAN, CADY, JOHN BILLINGTON, FISHER,STEPHEN ANDREW, HOWARD, MARK SHANE, LLOYD, ROBERT CHARLES WILLIAM, THOMAS, ALAN VAUGHAN
Applicants: JAGUAR CARS, JAGUAR CARS LIMITED
Application year: 1992
Main classification: B62D25
IPC codes: E05D11, B60R21