An electric connector

Abstract: The electrical connector of this invention has a housing ( A ) containing an array of terminal accommodating chambers ( 1 ) for receiving terminals ( C ); and a rear holder ( B ) having openings ( 14 ) that correspond to rear openings of the terminal accommodating chambers, the rear holder being fitted between side walls ( 3 ) formed at the rear of the housing. Between the housing and the rear holder is provided means ( 4,16 ) which provisionally lock the rear holder when the rear holder is inserted into the rear portion of the housing to the position where its front surface ( B ₀) comes into contact with the rear surface ( A₀ ) of the housing and the corresponding openings of the rear holder and the housing virtually align with each other. There is also means ( 4,16;9,19 ) between the housing and the rear holder which, when the rear holder is slid from the provisional engagement position to the final assembly position with the rear holder kept in surface contact with the housing, fully locks the rear holder at this final assembly position. Since the rear holder ( B ) in the provisional engagement position and the housing ( A ) are in surface contact, with no gap between them and with the corresponding openings virtually aligned, the terminals ( C ) can be smoothly without any trouble and the rear holder can be slid to the full engagement position in a single-step procedure, facilitating the assembly work.

Description: This invention relates to an electric connector and more specifically to an improvement in an electric connector which has a rear holder to prevent terminals installed in terminal accommodating chambers in the housing from slipping off from the rear of the housing. Between the terminal and the terminal accommodating chamber is usually provided a locking means called a terminal lance or case lance to prevent the terminal from slipping off from the rear of the housing. The terminal lance is a lance cut and raised from the terminal and adapted to engage with an engagement groove formed in the terminal accommodating chamber's inner wall. The case lance is a resilient engagement arm provided to the accommodating chamber's inner wall to engage with a shoulder or engagement hole in the terminal. As the connector has an increasing number of terminals and the terminal size decreases, the raised lance and the resilient engagement arm also become smaller, making it difficult to provide a sufficient strength and retaining force. In recent years, a method has come into use which uses a combination of the above-mentioned engagement means and a rear holder, separate from the housing, to bolster the terminal retaining force and improve the reliability of the electric connection. Figures 8A and 8B show one example of a conventional electric connector having a rear holder (Japan Patent Publication No. Heisei 1-43986), with Figure 8A illustrating the rear holder b provisionally engaged with the housing a and Figure 8B showing it fully engaged. In the provisional engagement condition of the electric connector of Figure 8, the terminals c are inserted into terminal accommodating holes a₁ until engagement pieces c₁ engage with terminal engagement claws a2 to provide a preliminary locking between the terminals and the housing. Then the rear holder b is moved to a full engagement position to securely lock the terminals c by an edge portion b₁ of the holder. In the provisional engagement condition, since the electric connector of Figure 8 has a space or gap v between the housing a and the rear holder b , the terminal c is easily caught in the gap and cannot be inserted smoothly. To prevent the rear holder b from being thrust inadvertently to the full engagement position when it is to be mounted on the housing at the provisional engagement position, it is necessary to provide an abut portion (or step) b₂ to the inside of the holder. In moving the rear holder b to the full engagement position, this construction requires the holder to be pushed first in the direction of arrow p and then arrow q. That is, it must be shifted downward before being pushed forward, requiring a two-step manipulation for full assembly. This invention has been accomplished to overcome the above drawback experienced with the conventional art and is intended to provide an electric connector which does not form a gap between it and the rear holder in the provisional engagement condition, which enables smooth insertion of terminals and which permits the holder to be moved to the full engagement condition in a single-step procedure. EP-A-0007709 discloses an electrical connector according to the introductory clause of claim 1 formed of a housing and a rearholder as two relatively slidable parts movable between a condition in which contact cavities are aligned and a condition in which the cavities are slightly out of alignment. A latch is provided to secure the two parts in the second condition. US-A-4758182 discloses a connector like that disclosed in JP-B-01-043986 mentioned above. According to the present invention, there is provided an electrical connector comprising: a housing having an array of multiple terminal accommodating chambers for receiving terminals insertable in a first direction through rear openings of the terminal accommodating chambers; a rear holder having openings corresponding to the rear openings of the terminal accommodating chambers; means provided between the housing and the rear holder, adapted to provisionally lock the rear holder to prevent the rear holder from coming off rearwardly when the rear holder is inserted into the housing to a position where the front surface of the rear holder comes into contact with the rear surface of the housing and where the corresponding openings of the rear holder and the housing are aligned with each other; and means provided between the housing and the rear holder, adapted to fully lock the rear holder in a final assembly position to prevent the rear holder from coming off rearwardly when the rear holder is slid in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, while in surface contact with the housing, from the provisional engagement position to the final assembly position; characterised by: the rear holder being adapted to be fitted between side walls provided to the rear of the housing; and by: the provisional and full lock means including a pair of engagement rods on an upper surface of the rear holder and a corresponding pair of engagement recesses formed in an upper wall of the housing each of which receives a respective engagement rod, the engagement recesses having engagement projections against which the engagement rods abut in the provisional engagement position and over which the engagement rods ride as the rear holder is moved to the full lock position. In the electric connector of this invention, when the rear holder is provisionally engaged with the housing, they are in surface contact with each other and their corresponding openings are virtually aligned. This assures smooth insertion of the terminals without any hindrance due to steps or gaps, preventing the front end of the terminals from becoming bent. The shifting of the rear holder from the provisional engagement position to the full engagement position is done in a single-step procedure by simply sliding it in one direction, which reduces the number of assembly work processes and improves productivity. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an electric connector according to this invention in a disassembled condition; Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a rear view of a female connector housing of Figure 1; Figure 4A is a front view of a rear holder of Figure 1; Figure 4B is a cross section taken along the line X-X of Figure 4A; Figure 5A and 5B are rear views of the female connector housing in a provisionally engaged condition and in a fully engaged condition, respectively; Figure 6A and 6B are cross sections of the electric connector showing only essential portions, with the rear holder in a provisional engagement condition and in a full engagement condition, respectively, as in the case of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a partly enlarged cross section showing an engagement rod 19 of Figure 5A in a provisional engagement condition; and Figure 8A and 8B are cross sections showing a conventional electric connector in a provisional engagement condition and in a full engagement condition, respectively. Referring to Figures 1 through 4, reference symbol A represents a female connector housing of synthetic resin; B a rear holder of synthetic resin; and C a male terminal connected to the end of a wire. The housing A consists of a housing body A₁ having an array of multiple terminal accommodating chambers 1 to accommodate the male terminals C and a hood A₂ formed at the front of the housing A to receive a male connector housing (not shown). In the upper circumferential wall of the hood A₂ is formed a lock chamber 2 to receive a lock arm (not shown) of the male connector housing. The housing body A₁ has side walls 3 extending on both sides of its rear to receive and lock the rear holder B . On the rear side of the housing body A₁ , the side walls 3 have engagement holes 4 formed in the front intermediate portions thereof. On the inner surfaces of the side walls 3 are formed guide grooves 5 behind the engagement holes 4 and also holder engagement projections 6 , these being aligned parallel to the direction of terminal insertion. The holder engagement projections 6 are situated below the guide grooves 5 , i.e., on the free end side of the side walls 3 . The upper parts of the side walls 3 , 3 are connected by an upper wall 7 , which has two raised strips to form engagement recesses 8 . Each of the engagement recesses 8 is provided with an engagement hole 9 and a provisional engagement projection 10 (see Figure 7). Further, on the rear side the housing body A₁ has a guide tongue 11 projecting rearwardly from the lower center thereof and also has an engagement plate 12 extending downwardly. The engagement plate 12 is formed on both sides with engagement holes 13 shaped like an inverted T. The engagement holes 13 each consist of a lateral hole portion 13a and a narrower vertical hole portion 13b that communicates with the former. The rear holder B is a plate-like member having a plurality of openings 14 that correspond to the terminal accommodating chambers 1 in the housing A . The openings 14 need only be large enough to allow insertion of the male terminals C when the rear holder B is in the provisional engagement position, and thus may be made smaller than the cross section of the terminal accommodating chambers 1 . The rear holder B is formed on both of its outer side surfaces 15 with engagement projections 16 that engage the engagement holes 4 and with engagement grooves 17 that are guided along the holder engagement projections 6 . The rear holder B has two engagement rods 19 projecting upward from the upper surface 18 thereof which engage with the engagement recesses 8 . On the lower surface 20 , the rear holder B has rotation prevention pieces 22 projecting forwardly through L-shaped arms 21 toward the housing A . The two engagement rods 19 engage with the engagement recesses 8 and at the upper free end have inwardly bent engagement claws 19a shaped like hooks. The rotation prevention pieces 22 are so sized that they snugly fit into the lateral hole portion 13a of the engagement hole 13. As shown in Figure 4B, each of the openings 14 in the rear holder B is formed with a tapered thrust engagement surface 23 on one side of the inner edge portion. The thrust engagement surface 23, as described later, is to correct incomplete insertion of the terminal. The engagement holes 4 in the housing body A₁ that engage with the engagement projections 16 of the rear holder B are preferably positioned such that, when the rear holder B is moved from the provisional engagement position to the full engagement position, the upper edges 4a of the engagement holes 4 abut against the engagement projections 16, thus serving as a stopper. The male terminal C consists of a body portion 24 made of a conductive metal plate and bent into a square cylinder, an electric contact portion C₁ at the front of the body portion 24 , and a wire connecting portion C₂ at the rear, these portions being formed in one piece. The electric contact portion C₁ is formed as a two-layer folded tab. The wire connecting portion C₂ has a pair of conductor clamping pieces 25 and a pair of insulator clamping pieces 26. The body portion 24 has an engagement hole 27 formed in the bottom plate portion thereof. The male terminal C may be provided with a stabilizer (not shown) behind the insulation clamping pieces 26. With the connector of the above construction, the rear holder B is fitted to the back of the housing A in a provisional engagement state. Then the male terminal C is inserted into the terminal accommodating chamber 1 , after which the rear holder B is pushed to the full engagement condition in which the terminal C is prevented from slipping off rearwardly from the housing. In Figure 2, the rear holder B is inserted in the direction of arrow P between the side walls 3 , 3 at the rear of the housing A . As the rear holder B advances into the housing A , its engagement projections 16 and engagement grooves 17 are guided by the guide grooves 5 and holder engagement projections 6 on the side walls 3 of the housing A . At this time, the underside 20 of the rear holder B is supported by the guide tongue 11 , the two engagement rods 19 enter the engagement recesses 8 , and the rotation prevention pieces 22 fit into the lateral hole portions 13a of the engagement holes 13. When the front surface B₀ of the rear holder B comes into contact with the rear surface A₀ of the housing A as shown in Figure 6A, the engagement projections 16 engage with the engagement holes 4 to lock the rear holder B in the provisional engagement state, thus preventing it from coming off backwardly. In this provisional engagement position, the rear holder B is prevented from moving loosely in a vertical direction by the engagement between the holder engagement projections 6 and the engagement grooves 17 as well as by the engagement between the engagement claws 19a of the engagement rods 19 and the provisional engagement projections 10 in the engagement recesses 8 , thus aligning the openings 14 of the rear holder B with the axes of the terminal accommodating chambers 1 . With the guide tongue 11 provided as shown, it is possible to eliminate more reliably the play of the rear holder B , particularly in a downward direction. With the rear holder B in the provisional engagement position, the male terminal C connected to the wire W is inserted through the opening 14 into the terminal accommodating chamber 1 , as shown in Figure 6A. In the terminal accommodating chamber 1 there is provided a resilient locking arm 28 that engages with the engagement hole 27 in the male terminal C to prevent it from coming off backwardly. Hence, when it is fully inserted, the male terminal C is locked by the arm 28 , a primary lock. After the male terminal C is inserted and locked, the rear holder B is slid in the direction of arrow Q in Figure 6A. As the rear holder B is thrust forcibly upward with the front surface B₀ of the rear holder B and the rear surface A₀ of the housing A in contact, the engagement grooves 17 disengage from the holder engagement projections 6 , allowing the rear holder B to move up. As a result, the engagement claws 19a of the engagement rods 19 ride over the provisional engagement projections 10 in the engagement recesses 8 to enter the engagement holes 9 , bringing the rear holder B into the full engagement condition, in which the corner portions 20a at the underside 20 of the rear holder B are supported by the holder engagement projections 6 on the inner surface of the side walls 3 . Figure 5B and 6B both show the rear holder B in the full engagement condition. In this condition, firm engagement is established between the engagement projections 16 and the engagement holes 4 , between the engagement claws 19a of the engagement rods 19 and the engagement holes 9 , between the rotation prevention pieces 22 and the vertical hole portions 13b of the engagement holes 13, and between the inner edge portion 7a of the upper wall 7 and the central recessed portion 18a in the upper surface 18 of the rear holder B . These engagements combine to reliably prevent the rear holder B from coming off backwardly. In the full engagement condition, when the male terminal C is tensed through the wire W , the rear holder B works as a stopper against the rear portion of the male terminal C (in the example shown, the insulation clamping pieces 26 ) and, in cooperation with the above-mentioned primary lock, reliably prevents the backward slip-off of the terminal. If there are any incompletely inserted male terminals C when the rear holder B is slid from the provisional engagement position to the full engagement position, the tapered thrust engagement surfaces 23 in the openings 14 engage with the insulator clamping pieces 26 of the inadequately inserted terminals C , thrusting them forwardly into the terminal accommodating chambers 1 . This eliminates the incomplete insertion as the rear holder B is moved to the full engagement position. In Figure 6B, when the rear holder B is applied a rotary force acting, for example, in the direction of arrow R by the tension of the wire W , there is no possibility of the full engagement condition being canceled because the rotation prevention pieces 22 are received in the vertical hole portions 13b. While the above description concerns a construction in which the terminal accommodating chambers 1 in the housing A are arranged in a single row, this invention can also be applied to the connector having multiple rows of terminal accommodating chambers. In that case, the openings 14 in the rear holder B need be arranged according to the row-column configuration of the terminal accommodating chambers 1 . Since the rear holder B is independent of the locking means provided between the male terminal C and the terminal accommodating chamber 1 , i.e., it is separated from the resilient locking arm 28 of the conventional case lance type, it can similarly be applied to the connector of the terminal lance type. The rear holder is also applicable to male connector housings containing female terminals. As explained above, since the rear holder in the provisional engagement position is in surface contact with the housing, there is no gap between them and the corresponding openings of the rear holder and the housing are aligned, the terminal can be smoothly inserted without being hindered by step or gap during assembly work. Furthermore, the rear holder can be moved to the full engagement position by a single-step procedure. Where a primary locking means is provided between the terminal accommodating chamber and the terminal, the rear holder provides a second lock to the terminal.

Claims: An electrical connector comprising: a housing (A) having an array of multiple terminal accommodating chambers (1) for receiving terminals insertable in a first direction (P), through rear openings of the terminal accommodating chambers (1); a rear holder (B) having openings (14) corresponding to the rear openings of the terminal accommodating chambers (1); means (4,16;6,17;9,19) provided between the housing and the rear holder (B), adapted to provisionally lock the rear holder to prevent the rear holder from coming off rearwardly when the rear holder is inserted into the housing to a position where the front surface (B₀) of the rear holder comes into contact with the rear surface (A₀) of the housing (A), and where the corresponding openings (1,14) of the rear holder (B), and the housing (A) are aligned with each other; and means (4,16;9,19;13,22;7a,18a) provided between the housing (A), and the rear holder (B), adapted to fully lock the rear holder (B) in a final assembly position to prevent the rear holder from coming off rearwardly when the rear holder is slid in a second direction (Q) perpendicular to the first direction (P), while in surface contact with the housing (A), from the provisional engagement position to the final assembly position; characterised by: the rear holder (B) being adapted to be fitted between side walls (3) provided to the rear of the housing (A); and by: the provisional and full lock means including a pair of engagement rods (19) on an upper surface (18) of the rear holder (B) and a corresponding pair of engagement recesses (8) formed in an upper wall (7) of the housing (A) each of which receives a respective engagement rod (19), the engagement recesses (8) having engagement projections (10) against which the engagement rods (19) abut in the provisional engagement position and over which the engagement rods (19) ride as the rear holder (B) is moved to the full lock position. An electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein the provisional lock means includes an engagement projection (16) formed on each of a pair of side surfaces (15) of the rear holder (B) and a guide and engagement structure (4,5) formed in each side wall (3) of the housing to receive and lock the engagement projection (16) on the side surface (15) of the rear holder. An electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein each opening (14) is formed with a tapered thrust engagement surface (23) on the side of the inner edge portion to contact an incompletely inserted terminal (C) from behind and correct the incomplete insertion at the time of the full engagement operation.

Inventors: YAMAMOTO MASAYUKI C O YAZAKI P, YAMAMOTO, MASAYUKI, C/O YAZAKI PARTS CO., LTD.
Applicants: YAZAKI CORP, YAZAKI CORPORATION
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H01R13
IPC codes: H01R13