Method of determining sleeve and body patterns

Abstract: A method of determining a sleeve pattern (2) and a body pattern (3) of a knit product which are joined each other during a knitting operation with a knitting machine, in which the body pattern (3) is arranged so that the vertical length or height of an armhole thereof between a shoulder point and an underarm point is equal to the height of a set-in triangle region of the sleeve pattern (2).

Description: The present invention relates to a method of determining patterns or shapes of knitted segments for knitting at efficiency a knit product, e.g. a sweater or cardigan, which is also known as an integral or whole garment, with the use of a knitting machine which performs a knitting action for yielding rows of major stitches, and more particularly, a method of determining a sleeve and a body pattern which are joined in a good fit. In common, a body portion and a sleeve or other portion of a knit fabric are joined by sewing at the joining step succeeding the knitting step. This takes a considerable length of time in the production. Also, a resulting knitted product composed of the segment portions joined by sewing will exhibit less stretchability and if worse, may be torn apart along a seam of joining in use. For overcoming the foregoing drawback, modified methods have been introduced which incorporate an integral or whole garment knitting technique. One such method is proposed by the same applicant as of this specification, as disclosed in GB - A - 2 228 750 , in which each tubular sleeve portion is joined with a body portion during knitting action with the use of a flat knitting machine which has two pair of front and rear needle b-eds arranged in an upper position and a lower position respectively. Since the set-in end of each sleeve portion is joined to the armhole of the body portion, the two seams have to be equal to each other in the number of stitches. The disadvantage of the method is that the two seams can be joined with difficulty while their armhole circumferential lengths only are measured to match. In action, optimum patterns or shapes of the sleeve and body portions for desired joining will be given through a series of experiments, which will result in the loss of time. Hence, the method of knitting sleeve and body patterns of which shapes are determined after a number of trials is low in the productive efficiency and when modification is wanted in the shape, it has to use a troublesome cut-and-try technique. In particular, if such sleeve and body patterns are joined while their length measurements are translated to stitches, it will be necessary, due to difference in the number of courses, to displace some stitches and/or adjust the number of lines. Therefore, an improved method of determining patterns for optimum joining has been wanted. OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method in which both a sleeve and a body pattern are simultaneously determined from the standard ratio between vertical and horizontal stitches so that assignment of stitches to the patterns can easily be implemented without any troublesome control. Accordingly the present invention provides a method of determining a sleeve and a body pattern of a knit product which are to be joined each to the other during an integral garment knitting technique, comprising: determining a first reference point (PO) at an underarm connection of said body, extending a first horizontal line through said reference point perpendicular to a vertical centre line of said body, determining an underarm reference point (P9) of said sleeve on said first horizontal line spaced from said first reference point (P0), determining a reference point (B) on said first horizontal line to determine the width of the sleeve, determining a reference point (P4) on a first vertical line extending from reference point (B) to determine a sleeve set-in distance (B to P4), extending a line from the reference point (P4) to the underarm reference point (P9) to form a sleeve arm hole end making an angle  with said first horizontal line to form a triangular region (P4, P9, B), determining a reference point (A) on said first horizontal line and a shoulder point (P3) on a vertical line extending from said reference point (A), the number of loops on the vertical line of the distance between the reference point (A) and said shoulder point (P3) being equal to the number of loops on the vertical line of the sleeve set-in distance (B to P4), forming an arm hole end of said body portion by joining a horizontal line (P0-P1), an oblique line (P1-P2) and a vertical line (P2-P3), forming a body pattern having the same number of loops on the vertical line (A-P3) of an arm hole end (31) as on a sleeve set-in distance (B-P4) related to said first reference point (P0). determining a reference point (P6) spaced a distance (d) from point (P4) and extending a second horizontal line from point (P6) to determine a point (P5) at the intersection with the oblique line (P4-P9) and shaping the sleeve set-in region to conform to the shape of a trapezoid defined by the points (P9, B, P6, P5) to give a modified sleeve pattern on said knit body related to said reference point (P0), and point (P6) of the sleeve pattern meets point (P3) of the body pattern, point (P5) meets point (P7) located below point (P3) on the horizontal line from (P6), point (P9) meets point (P1) and point (P10) on the sleeve below point (P9) meets reference point (P0) on the body pattern, the loops of yarn from point (P5) to point (P6) are placed over a row of loops from point (P7) to point (P3) in every wale in a predetermined ratio. The invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figs. 1 to 3 are explanatory views showing patterns which are fabricated by a method of the present invention; Figs. 4 and 5 are explanatory views of a sleeve pattern joined to a body pattern; Figs. 6 to 9 are explanatory views showing stitch-to-stitch movements in joining the sleeve pattern to the body pattern; and Fig.10 is a front view of a sweater knitted according to the present invention. Figs. 1 and 2 show the right half of a set-in sleeve sweater of which segment patterns are determined by the method of the present invention, while the left half is not illustrated for ease of explanation. As shown in Fig.1, a sweater 1 is composed of a sleeve pattern 2 and a body pattern 3. The width of the sleeve pattern 2 is measured from a reference point P9 at underarm to a point B on the horizontal line extending from the point P9. The distance from the point B to its overhead point P4 is designated to match a sleeve set-in measurement. The extension of an armhole end 21 of the sleeve 2 is measured between the points P4 and P9. It is also assumed that the line between P4 and P9 is at an angle  to the horizontal line between B and P9. The body pattern 3 has a reference point P0 located at the underarm and a first point P1 distanced by the length of a gusset horizontally from the reference point P0. A second point P2 is located at the intersection of the vertical shoulder-end line with the line which extends from the point P1 at the angle  to the horizontal line between P0 and P1. A third point P3 at the shoulder is distanced from the horizontal or reference P0 line upwardly by a length equal to the sleeve set-in measurement. Hence, an armhole end 31 of the body pattern 3 is extended from P0 to P1, P2 and P3. The point A is located at the intersection between the horizontal line from the reference point P0 and the perpendicular line fron the third or shoulder point P3. The sleeve patterns 2 and 3 are symmetrically shown in the left half of the set-in sleeve sweater. The size of an armhole determined by the armhole end 31 of the body pattern 3 is designated by a diagonal line extends between P0 and P3. The length of the sleeve pattern 2 and other measurements are not specified as will be determined by individual requirements. When the number of stitches in a given wale length is x, and the number of stitches in a given course length is y in the patterns 2 and 3, a ratio between the distances, where the decrease of stitches, e.g. one wale in every two courses, is given at either sleeve set-in and body underarm, is expressed by: P1A : P2A = P0B : P4B = 1 x : 2 y Hence, P2A P1A = P4B P0B = 2x y Then, the angle  = tan -1 (2x/y). It should be understood that the decrease is not limited to one wale in every two courses . For fabricating the sweater, each sleeve pattern is joined to the body pattern so that a point P10 beneath the reference point P9 of the sleeve pattern meets the reference point P0 of the body pattern, the point P9 of the sleeve pattern meets the point P1 of the body pattern, and the point P4 of the sleeve pattern meets the point P3 of the body pattern, as best shown in Fig.6. A technique for modifying the standard shape of a set-in region of the sleeve pattern will now be explained. Shown in Fig.2 are a sleeve pattern 2' and a body pattern 3' similar to those illustrated in Fig.1. The sleeve pattern 2' has an armhole end 21' which is defined by the line between the reference point P9 and the uppermost point P4 as similar to that explained in Fig.1. Also, the body pattern 3' has an armhole end 31' determined by the line which extends from the reference point P0 to the points P1, P2, and P3 as is similar to that explained in Fig.1. For decreasing the set-in region of the sleeve pattern 2', a portion cut along the horizontal line which extends between two points P5 and P6 and is spaced a distance d from the uppermost point P4 is terminated. The corresponding point of the body pattern 3' is denoted by P7 as downwardly spaced d from the shoulder point P3. In both cases shown in Figs.1 and 2, each sleeve pattern is joined to the body pattern through laterally displacing its armhole end stitches wale by wale towards the body pattern as shown in Figs.4 and 5 respectively. More particularly, the points P5, P9, and P10 of the modified sleeve pattern 2' are coincided to the points P7, P1, and P0 of the body pattern 3' respectively and the loops of yarn from P5 to P6 are placed over a row of loops from P7 to P3 in every wale. If the ratio of courses between P7 and P3 to wales between P5 and P6 is not 2:1, either has an excessive number of the stitches. The excess of the stitches can be offset by adding a series of stitches to the body pattern as denoted by the cross hatching in Fig.8 or by adding a series of stitches to the sleeve pattern as denoted by the cross hatching in Fig.9. It is now assumed that the distance between P5 and P6 is w. As a triangle determined by the three points P4, B, and P9 is similar to a triangle determined by the points P4, P6, and P5, the equation is established as: d w = 2x y Then, d = 2xw y When the point P5 is located at any point on the oblique line between P9 and P4, the stitch number of d can be two times greater than w with x and y being predetermined. Also, it is a good idea that the ratios of wale and course stitches to their respective given lengths in which corresponding sleeve and body patterns are knitted and joined with a level of success are assigned as default values. Accordingly, when the number of stitches per given length is undetermined, each pattern can be designed to an appropriate shape. For increasing the width of a sleeve pattern, a gusset of the body pattern is shortened to decrease a more number of stitches at the underarm, as shown in Fig.3, so that the rate of stitch decreasing in the sleeve can be maintained uniform. For example, when the width of an original sleeve pattern is C and the length of an original gusset of a body pattern is D, the displacement from P1 to P1' corresponding to a difference (C'-C) between the original width C and its increased width C' results in decrease of the gusset length to D'. As the result, the angle P1P1'P2 becomes smaller and thus, a more number of the stitches than that in the original pattern are to be decreased. Even if the decrease of stitches in the original sleeve pattern is carried out from P9' to P8', the result is equivalent to the stitch decrease along the diagonal line P9'P8 of a parallelogram determined by the four points P9,P9',P8',P8. Hence, the rate of decreasing will be maintained uniform in the sleeve pattern. The measurements of a pattern are determined corresponding to the ratio between vertical and horizontal stitches which is predetermined for the standard shape. As set forth above, a pattern of a desired shape can be fabricated, regardless of counting the number of stitches in a given length, by the method of the present invention in which the measurements of the pattern are determined corresponding to the ratio between vertical and horizontal stitches which is preset for the standard pattern. Accordingly, the method of the present invention allows a pattern to be determined at high efficiency for knitting operation. Also, the method can control a knitting machine without use of any templates.

Claims: A method of determining a sleeve (2) and a body (3) pattern of a knit product (1) which are to be joined each to the other during an integral garment knitting technique, comprising: determining a first reference point (P0) at an underarm connection of said body, extending a first horizontal line through said reference point perpendicular to a vertical centre line of said body, determining an underarm reference point (P9) of said sleeve on said first horizontal line spaced from said first reference point (P0), determining a reference point (B) on said first horizontal line to determine the width of the sleeve, determining a reference point (P4) on a first vertical line extending from reference point (B) to determine a sleeve set-in distance (B to P4), extending a line from the reference point (P4) to the underarm reference point (P9) to form a sleeve arm hole end (21) making an angle  with said first horizontal line to form a triangular region (P4, P9, B), determining a reference point (A) on said first horizontal line and a shoulder point (P3) on a vertical line extending from said reference point (A), the number of loops on the vertical line of the distance between the reference point (A) and said shoulder point (P3) being equal to the number of loops on the vertical line of the sleeve set-in distance (B to P4), forming an arm hole end (31) of said body portion by joining a horizontal line (P0-P1), an oblique line (P1-P2) and a vertical line (P2-P3), forming a body pattern having the same number of loops on the vertical line (A-P3) of an arm hole end (31) as on a sleeve set-in distance (B-P4) related to said first reference point (P0). determining a reference point (P6) spaced a distance (d) from point (P4) and extending a second horizontal line from point (P6) to determine a point (P5) at the intersection with the oblique line (P4-P9) and shaping the sleeve set-in region to conform to the shape of a trapezoid defined by the points (P9, B, P6, P5) to give a modified sleeve pattern on said knit body related to said reference point (P0), and point (P6) of the sleeve pattern meets point (P3) of the body pattern, point (P5) meets point (P7) located below point (P3) on the horizontal line from (P6), point (P9) meets point (P1) and point (P10) on the sleeve below point (P9) meets reference point (P0) on the body pattern, the loops of yarn from point (P5) to point (P6) are placed over a row of loops from point (P7) to point (P3) in every wale in a predetermined ratio.

Inventors: MITSUMOTO SHIGENOBU, OKUNO MASAO, MITSUMOTO, SHIGENOBU, OKUNO, MASAO
Applicants: SHIMA SEIKI MFG, SHIMA SEIKI MFG., LTD.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: D04B1
IPC codes: D04B15, D04B1