Connector

Abstract: A connector comprising a plurality of constituent box-shaped connectors (20, 21, 22), having flat upper and lower walls, combined with each other by piling the constituent connectors one on the other vertically comprising: a plurality of openings (35) and projections (36) is formed on upper and lower walls of each connector so as to insert each of the projections into each of the openings. As a result, in combining the constituent connectors with each other vertically, each of the projections locks the terminal accommodated in the terminal-accommodating chambers. In this manner, the terminal is locked double or triple.

Description: The present invention relates to a connector, formed by combining constituent connectors with each other in a multistage, for use in a wire harness of an automobile. With the rapid increase of the installation of electric parts on the automobile in recent years, connectors have been increasingly used to accommodate terminals connected with the wire harness. In this situation, proposals of a multistage connector in which constituent connectors are vertically combined with each other have been made to accomplish an intensive arrangement of connectors. An example of a conventional multistage connector in which constituent connectors are vertically combined with each other disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2-148583 is described below with reference to Figs. 7A and 7B. In order to vertically combine constituent connectors 1, 2, and 3 with each other, the connectors 1, 2, and 3 are slid in a direction as shown by arrows of Fig. 7A by means of guide projections 4 and guide grooves 5 formed on the upper and lower surface thereof, respectively so as to fix the connectors 1, 2, and 3 to each other vertically. Then, a cover 6 is placed on the connector 3, and projections 7 formed on both side surfaces of each of the connectors 1, 2, and 3 are inserted into locking openings 6b formed on both side surfaces 6a of the cover 6. In the above-described multistage connector comprising a plurality of constituent connectors combined with each other, a terminal accommodated in the connector is locked by only a locking portion formed in a terminal-accommodating chamber. Thus, when an electric wire connected with the terminal is pulled in combining the connectors with each other by sliding them the terminal may slip out from the connector. In addition, it is necessary to slide the connectors 1, 2, and 3 to place them one on the other and then, mount the cover 6 on them in a direction perpendicular to the connectorsliding direction. That is, two-stage operation is required and hence operation efficiency is unfavorable. US-A-3 273 107 relates to plug-and-socket connectors with a plurality of contacts to be secured in a monobloc-insulating member. There are contacts having a surface recess, preferably a circumferential groove, and which are retained in bores of a molded insulating block by applying to the outer side of the insulating block a further insulating member provided with suitably located pegs preferably integral with said member, which extend through apertures in a wall of the block into the recess of each connector accommodated in such bore. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multistage connector having a mechanism for securely locking terminals. This object is achieved with a connector according to claim 1. It is an advantage of the present invention to provide a multistage connector in which constituent connectors can be combined with each other without using any parts other than constituent connectors so as to reduce the number of parts other than constituent connectors and manufacturing cost. It is a further advantage of the present invention to provide a multistage connector in which constituent connectors can be combined with each other by only pressing an upper connector in one direction so as to improve operation efficiency. According to the present invention, there is provided a connector comprising a plurality of constituent box-shaped connectors, having flat upper and lower walls, combined with each other by piling the constituent connectors one on the other vertically and comprising: locking elements as defined in Claim 1. If the engagement between the first opening and the first projection and/or between the second opening and the second projection is tightly made, it is unnecessary to provide a means for fixing the upper and lower connectors to each other. In this case, however, it is necessary to make the dimension of the openings and the projections accurate in manufacturing. In addition, each connector may be provided with locking means because pressing force is required in fixing the upper and lower connectors to each other. To this end, preferably, a connector comprises: an arm-shaped rib projecting downward from the lower ends of both side walls of each constituent connector except a lowermost connector; a claw projecting inward from the lower end of the rib; and a locking portion, for locking the claw, formed on both side walls of each constituent connector. In the above construction, the claw of the rib of an upper connector is locked by the locking portion of a lower connector. Thus, the upper and lower connectors are fixed to each other. According to the above construction, the terminal accommodated in each terminal-accommodating chamber is locked by the engagement between the first opening and the first projection in combining the upper and lower connectors with each other vertically. That is, the terminal is locked double by the first projection. The terminal is also locked by the engagement between the second opening and the second projection. That is, the terminal is locked double by the second projection. Therefore, the terminal is locked triple. The objects and features of the present invention will become clear from the following description taken in conjunction with the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the connector of Fig. 1 turned upside down; Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the locking state in which an arm-shaped rib of an upper connector is locked by a locking portion of a lower connector; Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing upper and lower connectors combined with each other; Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the upper and lower connectors combined with each other; Fig. 6 is a view showing the locking state in which a terminal is locked by projections of the connector; Fig. 7A is a perspective view showing a conventional connector in which constituent connectors are exploded; and Fig. 7B is a perspective view showing the conventional connector in which constituent connectors are combined with each other. Before the description of the present invention proceeds, it is to be noted that like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the accompanying drawings. Referring to Figs. 1 through 6, a multistage connector in which constituent connectors are vertically combined with each other according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below. As shown in Fig. 1, constituent connectors 20, 21, and 22 are combined vertically with each other to form the multistage connector. The upper connector 20 and the intermediate connector 21 have the same configuration. That is, the arm-shaped rib 24 projects downward from a side wall 23 disposed on both sides of each connector and a locking portion 25 is formed in an upper area of the side wall 23 of each connector. The lower connector 22 has also the locking portion 25 formed on the side wall 23 but no rib 24 thereon. The upper, intermediate, and lower connectors 20, 21, and 22 are box-shaped and have upper and lower walls. The rib 24 is made of a thin elastic flat plate. The outer surface 24a of the rib 24 is flush with the surface 23a of the side wall 23 except the front and rear of the side wall 23 of each of the connectors 20 and 21. The rib 24 has a claw 24b projecting inward from the lower end thereof. As shown in Fig. 3, the locking portion 25 which locks the claw 24b is formed from the upper edge of the side wall 23 to the vicinity of the lower end thereof. The longitudinal length of the locking portion 25 is the same as that of the rib 24. The locking portion 25 is formed by stepping the side wall 23 from an upper portion of the side wall 23 to a lower portion thereof to form a projection 25a in the center of the locking portion 25. The claw 24b is locked by the lower end of the projection 25a. The cutting depth of the locking portion 25 and the projection amount of the projection 25a are set so that in the locking state, the outer surface 24a of the rib 24 is flush with the surface 23a of the side wall 23. In the construction of the connector in which the rib 24 having the claw 24b and the locking portion 25 are formed, the upper connector is pressed downward with the upper connector placed on the lower connector. When the claw 24b passes the projection 25a in its downward movement, the claw 24b engages the lower end of the projection 25a. In this manner, the upper and lower connectors are combined with each other. In the connectors 20, 21, and 22, terminal-accommodating chambers 30 are arranged in parallel with each other with partitioning walls 31 interposed between the adjacent terminal-accommodating chambers 30. As shown in Fig. 4, each terminal-accommodating chamber 30 has, in a front bottom surface thereof, a rance 32 to be locked by an opening 42 formed on the bottom surface of an electric contact portion 41 of a terminal 40 accommodated in the terminal-accommodating chamber 30. As shown in Fig. 5, the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 has on the bottom surface thereof a groove 33 into which stabilizers 43 projecting downward from both sides of the electric contact portion 41 of the terminal 40 are inserted. Rectangular first openings 35 are formed through the upper wall 34 of each connector at regular intervals at positions corresponding to approximately the center of the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 in the longitudinal direction thereof. Second projections 36 are formed upward from the upper wall 34 of each connector at positions forward of the first engaging openings 35 in such a manner that the interval between the second projections 36 is the same as that between the adjacent first openings 35. As will be described later, when the second projection 36 projects into the terminal-accommodating chamber 30, both left and right side surfaces of the second projection 36 contact the rear end surface of the stabilizer 43 of the terminal 40 as shown in Fig. 6. As shown in Fig. 2, rectangular first projections 37 which are to be closely inserted into each first engaging opening 35 of the lower connector are formed on the lower wall 39 of each of the connectors 20 and 21 at positions corresponding to the positions of the first openings 35. The first projection 37 is inserted into the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 from the upper surface thereof, thus locking the rear end surface of the electric contact portion 41 of the terminal 40. Second engaging openings 38 are formed through the lower surface of each of the connectors 20 and 21 at positions forward of the first projections 37 in such a manner that the interval between the adjacent second openings 38 is the same as that between the adjacent first projections 37. Each second opening 38 is formed at a position at which each second projection 36 formed on the lower connector is inserted thereinto, namely, at a position corresponding to an intermediate portion between the terminal-accommodating chambers 30 adjacent to each other. According to the above-described construction, as shown in Fig. 1 in particular, in placing the connectors 20, 21, and 22 one on the other, the intermediate connector 21 is placed on the lower connector 22 and then, the connector 21 is pressed downward with the first projection 37 projecting from the lower surface of the connector 21 coinciding with the first engaging opening 35 formed through the upper wall of the connector 22. As a result, the first projection 37 is inserted into the first opening 35, and the rib 24 formed on the side wall 23 of the connector 21 coincides with the locking portion 25 of the connector 22. Consequently, the claw 24b of the rib 24 is locked by the projection 25a of the locking portion 25. The second projection 36 formed on the upper surface of the connector 22 is inserted into the second opening 38 formed through the lower wall of the connector 21 by only pressing the connector 21 toward the connector 22. Similarly, the connector 20 is locked by the connector 21 by pressing the former toward the latter. The terminal 40 accommodated in the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 is locked triple by the engagement between the first opening 35 and the first projection 37 and between the second opening 38 and the second projection 36. More specifically, the rance 32 formed on the bottom surface of the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 engages the opening 42 formed on the terminal 40. That is, a first locking is accomplished. The first projection 37 inserted into the first opening 35 projects into the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 from the upper surface thereof at an intermediate portion thereof in its longitudinal direction, thus locking the rear end surface of the electric contact portion 41 of the terminal 40. That is, a second locking is accomplished. The second projection 36 inserted into the second opening 38 projects into a front portion of the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 from the lower surface thereof, thus locking the rear end surface of the stabilizer 43 projecting from both sides of the electric contact portion 41. That is, a third locking is accomplished. As described above, the first projection 37 and the second projection 36 lock the rear end surface of the electric contact portion 41 and that of the stabilizer 43, respectively. Therefore, unless the terminal 40 is inserted into the predetermined position of the terminal-accommodating chamber 30, the first projection 37 or the second projection 36 is brought into contact with the terminal 40 in combining the upper connector and the lower connector with each other. As a result, the first projection 37 cannot be inserted into the first opening 35 or the second projection 36 cannot be inserted into the second opening 38. In this manner, an incorrect insertion of the terminal 40 into the terminal-accommodating chamber 30 can be detected. As described above, the mechanism for combining the connectors with each other vertically has a function of detecting whether or not the terminal has been correctly inserted into the terminal-accommodating chamber and of locking the terminal double or triple. That is, in the embodiment described above, the upper and lower connectors are fixed to each other by the engagement between the rib formed on both sides of the upper connector and the locking portion formed on both side walls of the lower connector, and the terminal accommodated in the connector is locked by the engagement between the first opening and the first projection and the engagement between the second opening and the second projection. That is, the terminal is locked triple. Accordingly, even though tensile force is applied to an electric wire (W) mounted on the terminal under pressure, the locking mechanism prevents the terminal from being slipping out from each housing. Only one locking mechanism may be provided. That is, only the first openings and the first projections may be formed or only the second openings and the second projections may be formed. In this case, the terminal is locked double including the engagement between the rance formed on the bottom surface of each terminal-accommodating chamber and the opening formed on the terminal. It is unnecessary to provide the connector with the locking mechanism comprising the arm-shaped rib and the locking portion formed on both side walls of the connector if the engagement between the first openings and the first projections and/or the engagement between the second openings and the second projections is tightly accomplished. As apparent from the foregoing description, according to the connector, in combining constituent connectors with each other vertically, each projection inserted into each terminal-accommodating chamber locks the terminal. The projection can be utilized to detect whether or not the terminal has been inserted into the terminal-accommodating chamber correctly, and the terminal accommodated in the connector is locked double or triple. Thus, the terminal can be reliably secured to the connector. In addition, constituent connectors are piled one on the other with each projection and each opening formed on the upper surface of the lower connector coinciding with each opening and each projection formed on the lower surface of the upper connector, respectively. Then, the upper connector is pressed downward. In this manner, the upper and lower connectors are fixed to each other. That is, they can be combined with each other by only pressing the upper connector downward. In addition, no extra parts are required in combining the upper and lower connectors with each other. Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications are apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims unless they depart therefrom.

Claims: A connector comprising a plurality of constituent box-shaped connectors (20-22), having flat upper and lower walls (34,39), combined with each other by piling the connectors one on the other vertically comprising at least two of the following groups of locking elements: i) a plurality of first openings (35) formed on an upper wall (34) of each connector at positions corresponding to an upper surface of each terminal-accommodating chamber (30) arranged in parallel with each other in each connector and a plurality of first projections (37) formed on a lower wall (39) of each connector, in which in combining the constituent connectors with each other vertically, each of the first projections (37) of an upper connector is located in each of the first openings (35) of a lower connector and projects into each terminal-accommodating chamber (30) of the lower connector, thus locking an end surface of a terminal (40), and ii) a plurality of second projections (36) formed on the upper wall (34) of each connector at positions corresponding to a portion intermediate between the adjacent terminal-accommodating chambers (30) or positions corresponding to an end of each terminal-accommodating chamber (30) in the width direction thereof and a plurality of second openings (38), into which each of the second projections (36) is inserted, formed on the lower wall (39) of each connector, in which in combining the constituent connectors with each other vertically, each of the second projections (36) of a lower connector is inserted into each of the second openings (38) of the upper connector and projects into each terminal-accommodating chamber (30) of the upper connector, thus locking a stabilizer (43) of the terminal (40) and iii) a rance (32) formed on a surface of each terminal-accomodating chamber (30) locking an opening (42) formed on the terminal (40). Connector according to claim 1 further comprising an arm-shaped rib (24) projecting downward from the lower ends of both side walls (23) of each constituent connector except a lowermost connector; a claw (24b) projecting inward from the lower end of the rib (24); and a locking portion (25), for locking the claw (24b), formed on both side walls (23) of each constituent connector, in which: the claw (24b) of the rib (24) of the upper connector is locked by the locking portion (25) of the lower connector so as to fix the upper connector and the lower connector to each other.

Inventors: SUMIDA TATSUYA, SUMIDA, TATSUYA, SUMIDA, TATSUYA, C/O SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, LTD.
Applicants: SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, LTD.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H01R13
IPC codes: H01R13, H01R24