An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn during false-twist texturing and method for false-twist texturing

Abstract: A heater body has a total length between 0.8 and 1.2 m, the heater body and heating member are divided into two pieces from upstream side to downstream side of the heat treating apparatus in ratio of length between 1 : 3 and 1 : 1.5, the divided upstream heating member (12) is able to heat the upstream heater body (11) at a temperature higher than 370°C, and the downstream heating member (22) is to heat the downstream heater body (21) at a temperature of between 200 and 320°C or higher than 370°C, the upstream heater body has yarn guides (15) disposed at a longitudinal pitch of at most 30mm, and the downstream heater body has yarn guides (24) disposed at a longitudinal pitch between 80 and 120mm.

Description: Background of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn, such as polyester or polyamide, and especially relates to an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn which apparatus is installed in a textile machine for false-twisting or for drawing and false-twisting the synthetic yarn at a high speed of at least 400m/min. The present invention relates to a heat treating apparatus which is suitable for a so called first heater for heat setting twists which are imparted to a synthetic yarn by a false-twisting device disposed downstream of the heat treating apparatus and imparting twists to the yarn which run back along the synthetic yarn. Prior Art When a synthetic yarn is subjected to a false-twisting treatment or a drawing and false-twisting treatment, twists are imparted to the synthetic yarn by a false-twisting device which is disposed downstream of the heat treating apparatus, and the twists run back along the synthetic yarn and are heat set by the first heater. A known first heater which has been used is of a type with which a running yarn is directly in contact. The heater of this type has a heating plate of a contact type which is provided with yarn guide grooves and which is curved. The length of the heater varies in accordance with the texturing speed. The lengths of heaters which are generally on the market are designed about 1 m for the texturing speed of about 100 m/min, 1.5m for 400 m/min and 2.5 m for 700 m/min. The basic concepts for designing these heaters are that the temperature of the heater is set at most 250°C and that the time for heat setting the yarn is set to at least 0.17 second. In the meantime, in order to enhance the productivity, there is a tendency to increase the false-twisting texturing speed. In order to perform such high speed false-twist texturing, the heater length is prolonged in accordance with the texturing speed or the heater temperature is raised so as to obviate the decrease of the heat set property in the textured yarn. As a result, the texturing apparatus become huge, and accordingly, the yarn passage is bent. Thus, the run back of the twists, and the heat treatment and cooling of the yarn become insufficient. Consequently, it becomes difficult to maintain the quality of the conventional textured yarn. In addition, in case of contact type heater, contact resistance of the yarn increases as the heater length increases, and fluffs occur easily. Thus, it becomes difficult to texture yarns of fine dtex (denier) or to texture at a high speed. Further, the yarn is twisted and rotated at a high speed while it is subjected to a false-twist texturing, it may deviate from the yarn guide groove if the heating zone is excessively long. If the yarn speed is increased, ballooning is caused in the twisted yarn, and thus, the number of yarn breakages increases. Accordingly, stable texturing operation cannot be expected. Since a surging phenomenon, i.e, the phenomenon wherein extreme variation in tension in yarn running in the heating zone, is observed even at a relatively low speed, it is difficult to stably false twist a yarn at a high speed. In order to overcome these problems and to maintain the stability of texturing operation at high speed, it has been proposed to lower the number of twists and to raise the texturing tension, especially, tension (T 1 ) upstream of a false twisting device. However, as it is apparent to a person skilled in the art, good textured yarn qualities cannot be obtained. Contrary to this, when the heater temperature is enhanced to a high temperature, the inclination of the temperature increasing curve of the yarn becomes steep, i.e., the yarn is heated to a high temperature in a very short time, and accordingly, difference in temperatures can be generated at the outer layer and the inner layer of the yarn. Thus, it is difficult to obviate dyeing specks, i.e., those in the same texturing station and those between the separate stations. Another known first heater is a heater of non-contacting type which does not contact at all or scarcely contacts with a running yarn. For example, Japanese Patent Publication Sho 38-24759 discloses a heat treating device which is disposed upstream of a false twisting device and which is provided with a first zone having 4 inch length (10 cm) and heated at 680°C by means of an electric resistance and a second zone having 14 inch length (35 cm) and heated at 250°C. While a yarn of polyamide is introduced into the heat treating device by yarn guides, which are disposed outside of the entrance -and the exit of the heat treating device, respectively, twists are imparted to the yarn by the false twisting device. Thus, the twists run back along the yarn and are heat set by means of the heat treating device, and the textured yarn is wound in a yarn package at a speed of 370 ft/min (111 m/min). However, the heat treating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Publication Sho 38-24759 has a problem in that the twists imparted to the yarn cannot be sufficiently set as the texturing speed increases. The reason is that a sufficient amount of heat cannot be transferred to the yarn to be textured while it is moving through the heat treating apparatus at a high speed since the length of the heat treating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Publication Sho 38-24759 is too short. Accordingly, the heat treating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Publication Sho 38-24759 cannot be used as a heat treating apparatus at a texturing speed equal to or higher than 400 m/min. In order to overcome this problem, it has been proposed to increase the length of the heat treating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Publication Sho 38-24759. However, if the length of the heat treating apparatus is increased, yarn breakages occur frequently, and the yarn cannot be sufficiently textured. Thus, there is a problem that the heating apparatus cannot be practically used. In order to meet with the recent requirement to enhance the productivity of a false twisting machine or a drawing and false twisting machine, it is proposed to enhance the temperature of a heat treating apparatus for heating set false twists imparted to a synthetic yarn to at least 300°C (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Sho 55-16936). In this proposal, a heat treating apparatus of a non-contacting type, wherein the yarn is not directly in contact with the heating member and is passed through a yarn path surrounded by a heating wall, is used for heat setting, i.e., heat setting of false twists, during a false twisting procedure or a drawing and false twisting procedure since the resistance to the imparted false twists is small in such a non-contacting type heat treating apparatus. However, in such a non-contacting type heat treating apparatus, there are problems that twists are not fully run back along the yarn since the yarn creates vibration or ballooning in the heat treating apparatus, that heat is not transferred well to the yarn since the yarn becomes unstable due to the vibration, and that accordingly, the yarn quality is deteriorated. The above-described problems become remarkable as the yarn treating speed increases, and therefore, these problems are the reason why high speed treatment is difficult. Japanese Publication No. Hei 2-60769 discloses a heater of non-contacting type used for the first heater upon false-twist texturing of polyester fibers comprising polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the temperature is set at a temperature more than 350°C and less than 800°C and the false-twist texturing takes place while the heat treating time is set between 0.04 and 0.12 second. During this texturing operation, yarn passage limiting guides are disposed so that the yarn passes along an arc and so that occurrence of ballooning is prevented. When a false twisted yarn is heat treated at a high temperature, the heater temperature is usually so set that the temperature of the yarn at the exit of the heater is heated at a temperature which is required for the yarn. More specifically, for polyester yarn, the set heater temperature is basically so set that the temperature of the yarn at the exit of the heater is between 190 and 230°C, for example 220°C. The specific set heater temperature is determined taking into consideration the yarn speed, the thickness of the yarn, i.e. dtex (denier), the length of the heater, etc. In case of polyester, for example, it has been observed that quality of the obtained yarn becomes deteriorated, i.e., poor in the crimp characteristics, if the treatment time at high temperature is less than 0.35 second. The reason of this deterioration is a large difference in temperatures at the surface portion and the central portion of the yarn caused by high temperature heat treatment in a short time. Thus, upon heat treatment, it cannot be said without careful consideration that the heater length may be shortened and that the treatment may be performed at such a high temperature that the temperature at the exit can be achieved. Further, in general, heaters which have been used in a false-twisting machine or a drawing and false-twisting machine have a constant length which is determined in accordance with the machine specification. In such a conventional machine, since the heater length is constant, the range wherein the texturing conditions can be varied is narrow. However, when the temperature of the heater is set at a temperature higher than the melting point of a yarn upon texturing of polyester or of polyamide yarn, the yarn may remain within the heater if the yarn is broken during the yarn treatment, and the remaining yarn may be melted and may adhere to the yarn path limiting guides which are disposed within the heater. The melted and adhered material is referred to as "adhesive" hereinbelow in the present specification. Although the adhesive can be easily removed if an appropriate cleaning article is used, it is a very troublesome operation to manually remove the adhesive from a heater which is heated at a high temperature depending on the locations where the yarn path limiting guides are disposed. In this occasion, there occurs a necessity to lower the set heater temperature below 400°C depending on the texturing conditions. For example, the method disclosed in Japanese Publication No. Hei 2-60769 is advantageous for obtaining a textured yarn having a high percentage crimp, i.e., a yarn with a high percentage crimp TC of between 25 and 35 %. Contrary to this, the method is disadvantageous for obtaining a textured yarn having a low percentage crimp, i.e., a yarn with a low percentage crimp TC of between 15 and 25 %. The textured yarn with a low percentage crimp is obtained by heat treating a yarn at a temperature lower than 350°C. When the temperature of the heater is set at a temperature higher than the melting point of a yarn but lower than 400°C, the yarn may remain within the heater if the yarn is broken due to entangled fluffs during the yarn treatment, and as described above, there occurs a problem that re-threading operation cannot be done for a long time upon breakage. Depending on the set heater temperature, it takes a lot of time until the adhesive is vaporized, in other words, until it changes into a not liquidized state. Further, if a yarn is threaded again before the adhesive has not been vaporized, the material in a liquid state, which is at a high temperature and which has a large heat capacity, adheres to the traveling yarn. Thus, the re-threaded yarn is melted and is broken. Accordingly, it is impossible to thread again while adhesive in a liquid state is observed on the yarn path limiting guides. Taking the above-described-various problems, one of the present applicants previously proposed a heat treating apparatus which overcomes the disadvantage that threading operation cannot be done for a long time upon yarn breakage, which can be cleaned by itself and can be threaded in a short time after yarn breakage without necessity of manual cleaning, and by which wide treating conditions can be realized (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834 corresponding to EP 0 442 368 A). More specifically, the applicant proposed an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn which comprises: a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, which is being false twisted or being drawn and false twisted, in a condition non-contacting therewith; a heating member disposed in the heater body for heating the heating wall of the heater body at a high temperature; and yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by the heating wall of the heater body, characterized in that the heater body and the heating member are longitudinally divided into at least two. According to the knowledge of the applicant regarding the proposal, when, for example, a polyester filament yarn was treated, the time which was needed before removal of adhesive depended on the temperatures of the heater as set forth below. When the temperature of the heater was 370°C, it took about 60 minutes; 450°C, about 2 minutes; and 500°C, about 10 seconds. Consequently, it had been observed that when the temperature of the heater is set higher than 400°C, the yarn adhered to the yarn path limiting guides can be vaporized in a short time and that thus a heater having a self cleaning characteristic can be obtained. In the previously proposed apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, the heater body has a total length of 1 m and is divided in its lengthwise direction into two portions, i.e., the upstream heater of 0.7 m long and the downstream heater of 0.3 m long, and sheath heaters for heating the divided heater bodies are installed in the heater bodies. Both the sheath heaters may be heated simultaneously, or one of the sheath heaters may be mainly heated. Further, the heating conditions of both the sheath heaters may be different. The heater bodies have yarn guides equidistantly disposed in a yarn running direction. The yarn guide has a recessed portion at a position corresponding to the yarn running portion. The imaginary line connecting the bottoms, where the yarn Y travels, of the recesses form a slight arc so that ballooning of the yarn Y is prevented. As described above, in the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, the set heater temperature is basically so set that the temperature of the yarn at the exit of the heater is between 190 and 230°C, for example 220°C. The specific set heater temperature is determined taking into consideration the yarn speed, the thickness of the yarn, i.e., dtex (denier), the length of the heater, etc. When a thick yarn, i.e., a yarn having a large dtex (denier), is heat treated, both the divided heaters are set at a same high temperature. Contrary to this, when a thin yarn, i.e., a yarn having a small dtex (denier), is heat treated, either one of the divided heaters is mainly heated and its temperature is enhanced. For example, if the temperature of the yarn guides disposed in the downstream heater is more than 400°C and if the time needed for the yarn to pass through the downstream heater is more than 0.035 second, the upstream heater is not heated. Contrary to this, if the time needed for the yarn to pass through the downstream heater is less than 0.035 second while the temperature of the yarn guides disposed in the downstream heater is more than 400°C, the temperature of the upstream heater is so set that the yarn guides disposed in the upstream heater reach a temperature lower than 250°C, at which the yarn does not adhere to the yarn guide, and accordingly, total time, which is required by the yarn to pass through the entire heaters, is increased. When heat treatment is done at a temperature higher than 400°C, more preferably higher than 450°C, in the false twisting treatment or draw false twisting treatment of a polyester yarn in accordance with the proposed apparatus, should the yarn adhere to the yarn guides upon breakage of the yarn, the adhesive is vaporized by the heat in a short time. Thus, the surfaces of the yarn guides recover their original conditions, and accordingly, threading operation can be readily carried out. There are various kinds of yarns to be heat treated in false twisting machines or draw texturing machines, and the acceptable range of treating speeds is very wide depending on the required yarn quality. Under such conditions, the heat treating apparatus of the proposed apparatus can realize a heater provided with self cleaning capability under wide conditions. Problems to Be Solved by the Invention However, when a POY yarn, i.e., a partially oriented yarn, of synthetic fiber, such as polyester or polyamide, is drawn and false-twisted by means of the proposed apparatus, there occur problems that yarn strength of the obtained textured yarn may be decreased, that dyeing speck may be observed and irregularity in dyeing may be observed around the knotting portion if yarn ends of the supply packages are connected by means of an air splicer. Objects of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn during false-twist texturing and method for false-twist texturing by which the problems inherent to the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, that yarn strength of the obtained textured yarn may be decreased, that dyeing speck may be observed and irregularity in dyeing may be observed around the knotting portion, can be obviated. It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn during false-twist texturing which can be cleaned by itself and can be threaded in a short time after yarn breakage without necessity of manual cleaning. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn during false-twist texturing and method for false-twist texturing by which wide treating conditions can be realized. Summary of the Invention According to an aspect of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn which comprises: a heater body for completely or partially encircling in a condition non-contacting therewith the synthetic yarn, along which twists, imparted by a false twisting device disposed downstream of said heater body, run back; a heating member disposed in said heater body for heating a heating wall of said heater body at a high temperature suitable for heat setting the yarn; yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by said heating wall of said heater body; said heater body and said heating member being respectively divided into two pieces from said upstream side to said downstream side of said heat treating apparatus; said yarn guides being disposed in yarn passages of said upstream heater body and the remaining heater body of said divided heater body; characterized in that when measured along the length of the divided heater body, the distance between corresponding points on adjacent yarn guides of said upstream heater body is less than the distance between adjacent yarn guides of said remaining heater body. In a preferred embodiment the total length of the heater body is in the range of 0.7 m to 1.3 m. In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention the ratio in length of the upstream side to the downstream side is in the range of 1 : 3 to 1 : 1.5. In another embodiment of the present invention said upstream heating member of said divided heating member is able to heat said upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 370°C, and said downstream heating member is able to heat said downstream heater body at a temperature of between 200 and 320°C or higher than 370°C; said upstream heater body having said yarn guides disposed at a longitudinal pitch of at most 30 mm; and said downstream heater body having said yarn guides disposed at a longitudinal pitch between 80 and 120 mm. Further, according to the another aspect of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by a method for high speed false-twist texturing a yarn simultaneously with drawing said yarn in an apparatus as defined above comprising a false twisting device disposed downstream of a heater body, and a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, along which twists, imparted by said false twisting device, run back, wherein said heater body is of non-contacting type and is divided into two pieces from said upstream side to said downstream side in a yarn running direction, a length of said upstream heater body is between 0.2 and 0.5 m and a length of said downstream heater body is between 0.5 and 0.8 m, a temperature of said upstream heater body is set at least 400°C and less than 800°C, and said yarn is treated at said upstream heater body for at least 0.01 second and less than 0.04 second, and a temperature of said downstream heater body is set at most 320°C, and said yarn is treated at said downstream heater body for at least 0.03 second and less than 0.08 second. After proposal of the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, the present inventors have conducted further investigation and have found the following. As described above, the temperature of the heater has to be set higher than 400°C in order to self clean in a short time the yarn path limiting guides to which a yarn adhered. However, in an actual operation, an operator takes the necessary steps when he finds a station wherein a yarn breakage occurs and then he performs a re-threading operation at once if it is available. Contrary to this, if he finds it difficult to re-thread at once, then, he proceeds the necessary steps on the next station since a plurality of spindles are installed in a false-twisting machine or a drawing and false-twisting machine. He performs a re-threading operation later on the station wherein a yarn breakage has not been proceeded. Accordingly, it has been found that if the temperature of the yarn guide proceeds 370°C, more preferably higher than 390°C, the adhesive on the yarn guide changes in a relatively short time into a condition which is available to a re-threading operation, and that there occurs no practical problem. Further, if the temperature of the yarn guide is equal to or less than 340°C, more preferably equal to or less than 320°C, the heat capacity of the adhesive is small and the yarn will not be broken easily upon re-threading operation. The adhesive may be brought by the re-threaded yarn, and accordingly, practically, there occurs no problem of yarn breakage of the re-threaded yarn. In addition, if the temperature of the yarn guide is at most 320°C, since probability of adhesion of the yarn is very small upon breakage, the re-threading operation can be done in a few minutes and operation can be done well. The present invention has been achieved based on the above-described new technical knowledge. According to the present invention, the heater body and the heating member are divided into two pieces, and accordingly, the upstream side of the heating apparatus is shorter than the downstream side of the heating apparatus. Both the upstream and downstream heater bodies may be simultaneously heated so that the upstream heater body is heated to a high temperature higher than 370°C, and so that the downstream heater body is heated to a low temperature between 200°C and 320°C, more preferably, between 250°C and 320°C, or to a high temperature higher than 370°C, or only the downstream heater body is heated to a low temperature between 250°C and 320°C or to a high temperature higher than 370°C. The upstream heater body which will be heated to a high temperature higher than 370°C has yarn guides disposed at a longitudinal pitch of at most 30 mm, and the downstream heater body has yarn guides disposed at a longitudinal pitch of between 80 and 120mm. The yarn is quickly heated by means of the upstream heater body heated to a high temperature, and the temperature of the yarn is adjusted to a desired exit temperature by means of the downstream heater body heated to a low temperature. In order to achieve this purpose, according to the present invention, the upstream heater body is heated to a high temperature. If the length of the high temperature heater is too long, a yarn may be subjected to a heat treatment under a condition which exceeds the strength and elongation limit of the yarn, and thus, there may be a problem that the strength of the obtained textured yarn decreases. Contrary to this, according to the present invention, the upstream heater body which will be heated to a high temperature is shortened, and the above-described problem of the decrease in the strength of the obtained textured yarn can be obviated. Ballooning of the yarn in the upstream heater body, is prevented from occurrence by means of yarn guides, which are disposed closer than conventional guides, and thus, prevented is the fluctuation in heat transfer to the yarn from the upstream heater body, which is heated to a high temperature, and a good textured yarn which is free from dyeing speck can be obtained. Contrary to this, in the apparatus disclosed in the above-described Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, the pitches of the yarn guides in the upstream and downstream heater bodies are the same and are about 100 mm, which is common in a conventional machine. Accordingly, ballooning are caused in the running yarn in both the upstream and downstream heater bodies, the degrees of the ballooning are almost the same in both the upstream and downstream heater bodies. Thus, the fluctuation is caused in heat transfer to the yarn from the upstream heater body, which is heated to a high temperature, and the obtained textured yarn has dyeing speck. Further, in the heating apparatus disclosed in the above-described Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, as described above, fluctuation causes easily in heat transfer to the yarn from the upstream heater body, which is heated to a high temperature. Accordingly, when a knot portion, which has been subjected to knotting operation and accordingly to mechanical damages by means of an air splicer, passes through the high temperature heater, irregularity in dyeing is caused. Contrary to this, according to the present invention, ballooning of the yarn is prevented from occurrence in the upstream heater body by means of yarn guides, which are disposed closely, and thus, prevented is the fluctuation in heat transfer to the yarn from the upstream heater body, which is heated to a high temperature, and irregularity in dyeing is prevented from occurring. In addition, according to the present invention, in comparison with the heating apparatus disclosed in the above-described Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 3-234834, the divided ratio between the upstream and downstream heater bodies and the heating members is reversed. Accordingly, the above-described dyeing speck and irregularity in dyeing can be prevented well, and wide range of texturing conditions can be obtained. Brief Description of the Drawings The present invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the attached drawings for illustrating some embodiments of the present invention, wherein: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a drawing and false-twist texturing machine provided with a heating apparatus according to the present invention; Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the set temperatures of a heater and the temperatures of yarns measured at the exit of the heater; and Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the temperature increasing status in the heating apparatus. Preferred Embodiments In Fig. 3 illustrating a schematic sectional view of a drawing and false-twist texturing machine provided with a heating apparatus according to the present invention, a yarn Y is withdrawn from a yarn supply 1 by means of withdrawal rollers 50. The withdrawn yarn Y is drawn at a predetermined draw ratio between first feed rollers 2, which comprise a pair of rollers 2a and 2b, and second feed rollers 6, and at the same time twists are imparted to the yarn Y by means of a conventionally known twisting device 5, such as friction belts, friction discs or a false twisting spindle. Instead of false twisting operation carried out simultaneously with the drawing operation, false twisting operation may be performed after the drawing operation. Twists, which have been imparted to the yarn Y by means of the twisting device 5, run back toward the first feed rollers 2 along the yarn Y. The twists run back along the yarn Y are heat set by a heat treating apparatus 3, and then, the yarn Y is cooled in a stabilizing track 4 disposed below the heat treating apparatus 3. As described above, between the first feed rollers 2 and the second feed rollers 6, twists are imparted to the yarn Y located upstream the twisting device 5, and the yarn Y is de-twisted after it passes through the twisting device 5, and then the yarn Y is fed to a take up device 7 from the second feed rollers 6. The take up device 7 comprises a traverse device 8, which traverses the yarn Y to and fro, a bobbin holder 10, onto which a bobbin for winding the yarn Y is inserted, and a friction roller 9, which is pressed to the bobbin or the yarn layer wound on the bobbin so as to rotate the bobbin. The construction of the first embodiment of an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to the present invention will now be explained in detail with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. A heater body has a total length of between 0.7 and 1.3 m, more preferably between 0.8 and 1.2 m. As clearly illustrated in Fig. 1, in the present heat treating apparatus 3, the heater body and a heating member, i.e., sheathed heater in this embodiment, are divided into two pieces, respectively, in the longitudinal direction of the heat treating apparatus 3 in a ratio of between 1:3 and 1:1.5. When the yarn speed is higher than 1000 m/min, it is preferred that the length of the upstream heater body is between 0.2 and 0.5 m, and that the length of the downstream heater body is between 0.5 and 0.8 m. The heating member is not limited to the above-described sheathed heater and may be any conventionally known heater, such as a plate heater, other than the sheathed heater. More specifically, the heater body is divided into two pieces, i.e., upstream and downstream heater bodies 11 and 21, in a longitudinal direction thereof, and the sheathed heaters 12 and 22 are mounted in the upstream and downstream heater bodies 11 and 21, respectively, in order to heat the upstream and downstream heater bodies 11 and 21, respectively. Reference numeral 13 and 23 denotes a sensor for detecting a temperature. The divided upstream heating member, i.e., the sheath heater, 12 can be heated to a temperature exceeding 370°C, and the downstream heating member, i.e., the sheath heater, 22 can be heated to a temperature of between 200 and 320°C, more preferably, between 250 and 320°C, or a temperature exceeding 370°C. Both the sheath heaters 12 and 22 may be heated simultaneously, or only the sheath heater 12 or 22 may be heated. It is preferred that the temperature of the heating member is less than 800°C, since the durability of a heating member is deteriorated if it is heated over 800°C, since energy consumption increases remarkably and desired heat set effect cannot be achieved because of shortness of heat set time. The setting of the heating conditions is done by means of a controller (not shown). The outer surfaces of the upstream and downstream heater bodies 11 and 21 are surrounded by a common heat insulator 31 which is in turn coated by a common insulator cover 32. As illustrated in Fig. 2, a plurality of yarn guides 14 and 24 are spaced in a yarn traveling direction in this embodiment. The upstream heater body 11 has yarn guides 14 at a small pitch of at most 30 mm, preferably between 10 and 30 mm, more preferably between 15 and 30 mm, in a lengthwise direction thereof. The downstream heater body 21 has yarn guides 24 at a large pitch of between 80 and 120 mm in a lengthwise direction thereof. The yarn guides 14 and 24 have recesses 14a and 24a formed at positions corresponding to the yarn path as illustrated in Fig. 2. It is preferred for the yarn to be prevented from vibrating, i.e., ballooning, in that an imaginary line connecting the bottoms, where the yarn Y travels, of the recesses 14a and 24a form a slight arc. Further, it is preferred that the material of the heater bodies 11 and 24 and the yarn guide 14 and 24 has good thermal conductivity and has ceramic coating on the surface thereof. The time for heat treatment differs depending on the yarn speed, dtex (denier) of the yarn and so on, however, it is preferred that the heat treating time in the upstream heater body is equal to or more than 0.01 second and equal to or less than 0.04 second for a yarn speed higher than 1000 m/min when the temperature of the downstream heater body is less than 320°C. In this case, if the heat set time is less than 0.01 second, the obtained textured yarn is insufficient in its percentage crimp and its strength. If the time exceeds 0.04 second for a yarn of 165 dtex (150 denier), dyeing becomes light, and dyeing speck occurs frequently and becomes remarkable. Therefore, heat set time exceeding 0.04 second is not preferable. Contrary to this, it is preferred for the downstream heater body that the heat treating time is set equal to or longer than 0.03 second but equal to or less than 0.08 second. If the heat set time is less than 0.03 second, the obtained textured yarn may have decreased strength, and surging may occur easily, and dyeing speck may also occur easily. The region exceeding 0.08 second is not desirable since fluffs generated during texturing operation may be observed in a yarn with relatively small dtex (denier), and accordingly, its quality may be deteriorated. When the yarn speed is increased to over 1000 m/min, it is desirable that the thickness of the textured yarn is set between 22 and 165 dtex (20 and 150 denier). If the thickness of the textured yarn exceeds 165 dtex (150 denier), the texturing speed should be reduced so as to obtain the textured yarn with desired strength and crimp characteristics. Contrary to this, if the texturing speed for a yarn is set higher than 1000 m/min to obtain the textured yarn with thickness less than 22 dtex (20 denier), the yarn is subjected to a large load upon withdrawal from the creel, and accordingly, tight spots may be created by a small tension variation and dyeing speck may be created easily. As described above, the temperature of the heat treating apparatus 3 is basically so set that the yarn temperature at the exit of the heat treating apparatus 3 is between 190 and 230°C, for example, 220°C, in case of polyester yarn. The yarn temperature depends on the heater length, the yarn speed, yarn thickness, i.e., dtex (denier), and the set heater temperature. For example, cases for polyester yarns of 165, 110, 82.5 and 55 dtex (150, 100, 75 and 50 denier), which dtex (denier) is measured in the obtained textured yarns, will now be explained. In the embodiment, the upstream heater body 11 has a length of 0.26 m, the downstream heater body 21 has a length of 0.64 m, and accordingly, total length of the heater is 0.90 m. (1) In case of a yarn of 165 dtex (150 denier) When both the divided heater bodies 11 and 21 are simultaneously heated, times needed for a yarn to pass through the heater having a total length of 1 m are read for the yarn speeds of between.800 and 1500 m/min from the lower part of Fig. 5, and then the heater temperatures, which are required by the yarn of 165 dtex (150 denier) to be heated to 220°C at the exit of the heater after it is heated in the heater for the times obtained above, are read from the upper part of Fig. 4.In conclusion, in order to ensure the yarn temperature at the exit of the heater to be 220°C, the temperatures of the heater are required to be set between 456 and 582°C for a yarn having 165 dtex (150 denier) and traveled between 800 and 1500 m/min.Thus, when the upstream and downstream heater bodies are simultaneously heated over 370°C, if the yarn is adhered to the yarn guide or yarn guides upon its breakage, the adhesive disappears in a short time since the temperature of the yarn guides is high, i.e., higher than 400°C, and the yarn guides are cleaned by themselves. Accordingly, it is possible for an operator to thread again after short stoppage. As described above, if the temperature of the yarn guides exceeds 370°C, more preferably 390°C, the adhesive on the yarn guides disappear in a relatively short time, and re-threading operation can be done. Therefore, the temperature of the downstream heater may be set at a temperature lower than 400°C but higher than 370°C. (2) In case of a yarn of 82.5 dtex (75 denier) When the heater length is 0.90 m, i.e, both the divided heater bodies are simultaneously heated, as is apparent from Fig. 4. the heater temperatures are required to be set between 355 and 455°C for a yarn having 82.5 dtex (75 denier) and traveled between 800 and 1500 m/min so that the yarn temperature at the exit of the heater is 220°C. In short, the temperature of the yarn guides, i.e., the set temperature of the heater, becomes lower than 400°C for the yarn speed less than about 1050 m/min, and the yarn, which has once adhered to the yarn guides, remains on the yarn guides for a long time in a melted state. Accordingly, even if the threading operation is tried again, the threading success ratio becomes very low. In other words, the operator can scarcely succeed in such a threading operation.In order to increase the threading success ratio, when the upstream heater having a length of 0.26 m is heated to a temperature higher than 400°C among the two heaters, i.e., the heaters of 0.26 m and 0.64 m in the embodiment, while the remaining heater having a length of 0.64 m is heated to a temperature of between 250 and 320°C, the temperature required for the upstream heater is between 410 and 500°C for the above-described yarn speed range. Accordingly, the heater has a self cleaning capability. Accordingly, the threading success ratio becomes very high. In other words, the operator can always succeed in such a threading operation. (3) Further, when a thin yarn is heat treated, the following uses are possible since the heater body and the heating member are divided into two portions. While the upstream heater having a length of 0.26 m is kept at a temperature equal to or higher than 400°C, and the temperature of the downstream heater is set at a relatively low temperature. In some cases, the upstream heater may be switched off, and the downstream heater of 0.64m long is heated to a temperature exceeding 370°C. Thus, the temperature of the yarn at the exit of the heater is maintained at a predetermined temperature of between 190 and 230°C, for example, 220°C. An example of the above-described conditions is shown in Table 1. Textured Yarn Dtex (Denier) Suply POY Yarn Dtex (Denier) Yarn Texturing Speed Temperature of Upstream Heater 0.26 m long Temperature of Downstream Heater 0.64 m long Dtex (De) Dtex (De)/F m/min °C °C 33 (30) 49.5 (45)/18 750 450 220 55 (50) 77 (70)/40 800 450 260 55 (50) 82.5 (75)/36 850 450 280 82.5 (75) 137.5 (125)/36 1000 550 280 82.5 (75) 137.5 (125)/72 700 500 260 110 (100) 176 (160)/36 800 550 320 165 (150) 275 (250)/32 900 550 440 In these cases, none of the temperature of the upstream and downstream heaters are set in a range between 340 and 370°C. More preferably, none of the upstream and downstream heaters have their temperature set in a range between 320 and 390°C. When the temperature is higher than this range, should the yarn be broken, the adhesive caused by the broken yarn will disappear in a short time even in the temperature range below 400°C, and re-threading operation can be done, and in the temperature range equal to or higher than 400°C, the adhesive will be vaporized in a very short time as described above, and yarn breakage upon re-threading operation does not occur. When the temperature is lower than this range, the heat capacity of the adhesive is small and the yarn will not be broken easily upon re-threading operation. The adhesive may be brought by the re-threaded yarn, and accordingly, practically, there occurs no problem of yarn breakage of the re-threaded yarn. According to the present invention, the heater body and the heating member are divided into two portions in a ratio of between 1:3 and 1:1.5. The upstream heating member can heat the upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 370°C, and the downstream heating member can heat the downstream heater body at a temperature of between 250 and 320°C or higher than 370°C. Further, according to the present invention, the upstream heater body has yarn guides disposed at a small longitudinal pitch of at most 30 mm, preferably between 10 and 30mm, more preferably between 15 and 30mm for ensuring a slight arc yarn passage. Due to this construction, as shown in Table 2, the irregularity in dyeing around the knotted portion can be reduced, and a yarn with a good-quality free from dyeing speck can be obtained. The yarn guide pitch in comparison was 100 mm. The reason will be explained with reference to Fig. 5 which is a diagram illustrating the temperature increasing status in the heating apparatus. Although the practical yarn is heated along a curve, in order to simplify the explanation and taking into consideration that the treating time is very short, the behaviors are shown by straight lines. In Fig. 5, A denotes behavior in a condition wherein the upstream heater of 0.3 m long and the downstream heater of 0.7 m long have yarn guides at a pitch of 100 mm and are set at the same temperature, and the heaters as a whole perform heating characteristics similar to those of a conventional heater, which will be referred to as a single heater, having 1 meter length, and the yarn temperature T A at the exit of the heater is 220°C. When a knot portion of the yarn passes through the heater under the conditions, the yarn is vibrated due to the knot portion, and the amount of heat transfer is increased due to the vibration. Thus, the yarn temperature in the heater is enhanced as indicated by a broken line a, and the yarn temperature T a at the exit of the heater is remarkably enhanced compared with the usual yarn temperature T A at the heater exit, the difference in the temperatures is denoted by Δ T 1 , thus irregularity in dyeing is caused around the knot portion. Reference B denotes the yarn temperature change under a condition wherein the upstream heater body of 0.3 m long is heated to 500°C, and the downstream heater body of 0.7 m is heated to 270°C. The yarn guide pitch was 100 mm for the upstream and downstream heater bodies. The yarn temperature T B at the exit of the heater is set to the above-described temperature T A . When a knot portion of the yarn passes through the heater under the conditions, the yarn is vibrated in the upstream heater body due to the knot portion, and the amount of heat transfer is increased due to the vibration. Thus, the yarn temperature in the heater is enhanced as indicated by a dot-and-dash line b. However, since the temperature of the downstream heater is low, the change in the temperatures is small, and the yarn temperature T b at the exit of the heater is slightly enhanced compared with the usual yarn temperature T A at the heater exit, the difference in the temperatures is denoted by Δ T 2 , i.e., Δ T 2 is smaller than Δ T 1 . Thus almost no irregularity in dyeing is caused around the knot portion. Further, according to the present invention, the upstream heater body has yarn guides at a longitudinal pitch of at most 30 mm, preferably between 10 and 30 mm, more preferably between 15 and 30 mm. As a result of disposition of yarn guides at such a narrow pitch, the yarn temperature changes along a two-dot-and-a-line c in the heater. More specifically, the vibration of the yarn is highly prevented from occurring in the upstream heater body of 0.3 m long by means of the yarn guides which are disposed closely. Accordingly, the inclination of the heating characteristics is smaller than that of the dot-and-dash line b in the upstream heater body portion of 0.3 m long. When the yarn guide pitch is set at 100 mm in the downstream heater body of 0.7 m long, the inclination of the two-dot-and-a-line c is substantially in parallel with the dot-and-dash line b in the downstream heater body portion of 0.7 m long. As a result, the yarn temperature T c at the exit of the heater is lower than the yarn temperature T b and nears to the yarn temperature T B . Thus, irregularity in dyeing is further reduced. The relationship between the yarn guide pitches and the occurrence of irregularity in dyeing and dyeing speck is shown in Table 3. As it will be readily noted from Table 3, irregularity in dyeing and dyeing speck are more prevented from occurring as the yarn guide pitch is narrowed. Table 3 shows the evaluation totally taking into consideration the results with respect to the irregularity in dyeing and dyeing speck which were obtained by using a single heater and the temperature of the heater being changed at a pitch of 20°C in a range between 320 and 480°C. Pitch of Yarn Guide (mm) 100 30 20 Irregularity in Dyeing around Knotted Portion Bad Allowable Very 82.5 dtex (75 De) Limit Good Texturing Speed 1000 m/min Dyeing Speck Texturing Speed 800 to 1000 m/min Draw Ratio 1.58 Allowable Allowable Good Limit Limit Draw Ratio 1.66 Good Good Very Good As it will be understood from Fig. 5, Tables 2 and 3, the gist of the present invention reside not only division of a heater into two pieces or disposition of yarn guide at a narrow pitch, but combination of these technical features. Further, in the present invention, the length of the upstream heater body of high temperature, where a yarn is easily influenced by the high temperature, is made shorter than that of the downstream heater body, and the yarn guide pitch in the upstream heater body is made narrow, the irregularity in dyeing and dyeing speck are almost completely prevented from occurrence. Although the yarn guide pitch was equidistant in the above-described embodiments, according to the present invention, the pitches of the yarn guides disposed on the upstream and the downstream heater bodies may be non-equidistant. The yarn guides disposed in this construction can prevent ballooning, the nodes of which coincide with the yarn guides. Thus, occurrence of dyeing speck and irregularity in dyeing around knot portion can be prevented. As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, occurrence of dyeing speck and irregularity in dyeing around knot portion can be prevented. Many kinds of yarns are textured in a false-twisting machine or a drawing and false-twisting machine, and the range of the texturing speeds is wide depending on the required yarn quality. Under these conditions, the heat treating apparatus according to the present invention can be used for wide range of the texturing conditions and is of a self cleaning type. Further, the heating apparatus can be used in a condition wherein yarn breakage substantially does not occur. According to the present invention, manual cleaning of the heater can be omitted, and accordingly the design of the heater is free from manual cleaning operation. Therefore, the equipment becomes simple and the cost can be low since it is unnecessary for a designer to take into consideration the easiness of manual cleaning at the positions where the heaters are installed in a false twisting machine or a draw texturing machine. Further, according to the present invention, the heat treating apparatus can be shortened remarkably. When a yarn is textured at a high speed about 1000 m/min, the length of the heat treating apparatus can be almost one half of the conventional heater. Thus, the equipment can be compact, and uniform and sufficient heat treatment can be carried out. In addition, re-threading capability upon yarn breakage is improved, and stable operation can be possible. Further, the range wherein percentage crimp TC is adjusted can be widened. Therefore, the heating apparatus is available for wide usage. By shortening the heat treating apparatus, the yarn contacting resistance is reduced, and occurrence of fluffs is decreased. Further, surging phenomenon, which may occur during high speed false-twist texturing, is prevented, and accordingly, a stable false-twist texturing operation can be carried out at high speed.

Claims: An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn which comprises: a heater body (11, 21) for at least partially encircling a synthetic yarn in a non-contacting condition with the synthetic yarn, wherein twists imparted by a false twisting device disposed downstream of said heater body (11, 21) run back along the length of the yarn; a heating member (12, 22) disposed in said heater body (11, 21) for heating a heating wall of said heater body (11, 21) at a high temperature suitable for heat setting the yarn; yarn guides (14, 24) disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by said heating wall of said heater body (11, 21); said heater body (11, 21) and said heating member (12, 22) being respectively divided into at least two pieces from an upstream side to a downstream side of said heat treating apparatus; said yarn guides (14, 24) being disposed in yarn passages of said upstream heater body (11) and the remaining heater body (21) of said divided heater body (11, 21); characterized in that when measured along the length of the divided heater body (11, 21), the distance between corresponding points on adjacent yarn guides (14) of said upstream heater body (11) is less than the distance between adjacent yarn guides (24) of said remaining heater body (21). An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to claim 1, wherein said distance between adjacent yarn guides (14) of the upstream heater body (11) is not greater than 30 mm. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a total length of said heater body is between 0.7 and 1.3 m, and said heater body and said heating member are divided into two pieces from said upstream side to said downstream side of said heat treating apparatus in a ratio of length between 1:3 and 1:1.5. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, wherein a total length of said heater body is between 0.8 and 1.2 m, and said heater body and said heating member are divided into two pieces from said upstream side to said downstream side of said heat treating apparatus in a ratio of length between 1:3 and 1:1.5. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, wherein a total length of said heater body is between 0.7 and 1.3 m, and said heater body and said heating member are divided into two pieces from said upstream side to said downstream side of said heat treating apparatus in a ratio of length between 1:3 and 1:1.5, and a length of said upstream heater body is between 0.2 and 0.5 m and a length of said downstream heater body is between 0.5 and 0.8 m. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, wherein said upstream heating member has means for heating said upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 370 °C, and the remaining heating member has means for heating the remaining heater body at a temperature that is either between 200°C and 320 °C or higher than 370 °C. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, wherein said upstream heating member has means for heating said upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 400 °C, and the remaining heating member has means for heating the remaining heater body at a temperature that is either between 250°C and 320 °C, or higher than 400 °C. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 3 to 7, wherein said heating member is disposed in said heater body. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 3 to 8, wherein said downstream heater body having said yarn guides disposed such that the distance between corresponding points on adjacent yarn guides is between 80 and 120 mm. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 8 or 9, including means for heating the upstream and downstream heater bodies such that the temperature of each heater body is outside the range of 320 °C to 390 °C. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 8 to 10, wherein said heating members are electric heaters which are connected to a controller for independently controlling heating of said electric heaters of said upstream and downstream heater bodies. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 8 to 10, wherein said pitches of said yarn guides disposed on each of said heater bodies are non-equidistant. An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn, according to anyone of claim 1 to 12, further comprising means for heating said upstream heater body to a temperature higher than that of the remaining heater body. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn in an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said divided heating members are heated so that the respective temperatures of said upstream heater body and said downstream heater body are each outside the range of about 340 °C to 370 °C; if the temperature of the upstream or downstream heater body is less than or equal to 340 °C, removing adhesive caused by broken yarn melted and deposited on the yarn guides and rethreading a yarn in the yarn guides; and if the temperature of the upstream or downstream heater body is greater than or equal to 370 °C, rethreading a yarn after adhesive caused by melted yarn deposited on the yarn guides has been burnt off by the heater body. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn according to claim 14, wherein said divided heating members have means for maintaining the temperatures of said upstream heater body and said downstream heater body outside a range between 320 °C and 390 °C. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn according to claims 14 or 15, wherein said heater body and said heating member are divided into two pieces from an upstream side to a downstream side of said heat treating apparatus in a ratio of length between 1:3 and 1:1.5. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 14 to 16, wherein a length of said upstream heater body is between 0.2 and 0.5 m and a length of said downstream heater body is between 0.5 and 0.8 m. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 14 to 17, wherein said upstream heating member has means for heating said upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 370 °C, and said downstream heating member has means for heating said downstream heater body at a temperature that is either between 200 °C and 320 °C or higher than 370 °C. A method for rethreading a synthetic yarn according to anyone of claims 14 to 18, wherein said upstream heating member has means for heating said upstream heater body at a temperature higher than 400 °C, and said downstream heating member has means for heating said downstream heater body at a temperature that is either between 250 °C and 320 °C or higher than 400 °C. A method for high speed false twist texturing of a yarn simultaneously with drawing the yarn in a yarn-treating apparatus, the method comprising the steps of: providing a yarn-treating apparatus according to anyone of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the length of the upstream heater body is selected in the range of from 0.2 to 0.5 m, and the length of the downstream heater body is selected in the range of from 0.5 to 0.8 m; the temperature of the upstream heater body is set to at least 400 °C but less than 800 °C; the synthetic yarn is treated at the upstream heater body for at least 0.01 sec but less than 0.04 sec; the temperature of the downstream heater body is set to a temperature not greater than 320 °C; and in that the yarn is treated at the downstream heater body for at least 0.03 sec but less than 0.08 sec. A method for high speed false-twist texturing a yarn according to claim 20, wherein thickness of said yarn textured by said method is between 22 to 165 dtex (20 and 150 denier). A method for high speed false-twist texturing a yarn according to claim 20 or 21, wherein said yarn is polyester fiber comprising polyethylene terephthalate.

Inventors: KAWAKAMI KENJI, MIYAMOTO AKIRA, NAGAI HIROYUKI, NAITO SHUNZO, TANAE FUMIO, YANAGIHARA MASAAKI, KAWAKAMI, KENJI, MIYAMOTO, AKIRA, NAGAI, HIROYUKI, NAITO, SHUNZO, TANAE, FUMIO, YANAGIHARA, MASAAKI, Kawakami, Kenji, c/o Teijin Ltd., Miyamoto, Akira, c/o Teijin Ltd., Nagai, Hiroyuki, c/o Teijin Ltd., Naito, Shunzo, c/o Teijin Ltd., Tanae, Fumio, c/o Teijin Ltd., Yanagihara, Masaaki, c/o Teijin Ltd.
Applicants: TEIJIN LTD, TEIJIN SEIKI CO LTD, TEIJIN LIMITED, TEIJIN SEIKI CO. LTD.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: D02J13
IPC codes: D02G1, D02J13