Video signal recording apparatus

Abstract: A video signal recording apparatus having: an image pickup sensor having a plurality of pixels two-dimensionally disposed by a predetermined interval in horizontal and vertical directions, pixels being shifted alternately for each horizontal line; a recording circuit for recording a signal read by the image pickup sensor on a recording medium; a switch member for instructing which one of a moving image and a still image is to be generated; and a control circuit for controlling generation of one of the moving image and the still image in accordance with an instruction by the switch member, wherein upon an instruction of the moving image, pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines of the image pickup sensor are read in a zigzag manner as first field signals, and pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines shifted in the vertical direction from the first-mentioned two adjacent horizontal lines are read in the zigzag manner as second field signals, the first and second field signals being recorded on the recording medium, and wherein upon an instruction of the still image, the first field signals are read and recorded in the recording medium and temporarily stored in a memory, and after reading the first field signals, the first field signals stored in the memory are read as the second field signals and read and recorded in the recording medium.

Description: The present invention relates to a video signal recording apparatus for converting an optical image of a subject into electric signals and recording them on recording medium as either moving or still images. Video signals, recorded by a video tape recorder or the like , may be printed and video printers have become widely available. In recording moving images taken by a video camera on a video tape recorder, an interline type CCD image pickup sensor obtains image signals of one frame by reading two adjacent lines shifted in the vertical direction and combining first and second field signals shifted in the vertical direction. However, with such a conventional method, a frame image is printed out with blur at the moving image area. It is therefore necessary to print a moving image area by using a field image, degrading the image quality. In order to prevent an image quality from being degraded, it is necessary to take an image of a subject in a still state. US-A-4599657 of the present applicant discloses an electronic camera having both moving picture and still picture recording modes, in which a physical shutter is provided to prevent the incidence of light on the CCD sensor, while charge is transferred for read-out of the stored image. Patent Abstracts of Japan relating to JP-A-02151185 describes an image pickup element useful in both a movie and an electronic still camera, which provides two storage sections, for respective fields of an image frame. The pixels for the two fields are read simultaneously in a still mode, but alternately in the movie mode. It is an object of the present invention to provide a video signal recording apparatus capable of recording a still image to be printed at high quality. The invention provides a video signal recording apparatus comprising: image pickup means having a plurality of pixels two-dimensionally disposed by a predetermined interval in horizontal and vertical directions, pixels being horizontally shifted for each alternate horizontal line; recording means for recording a signal read by said image pickup means; means for instructing which one of a moving image and a still image is to be recorded; and means for controlling recording of one of said moving image and said still image in accordance with an instruction by said instructing means, characterised in that said controlling means is arranged to respond to said moving image instruction by causing pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines of said image pickup means to be read alternately from said lines in a zigzag manner and recorded by said recording means as first field signals, and causing pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines shifted in said vertical direction from said first-mentioned two adjacent horizontal lines to be read in said zigzag manner and recorded by said recording means as second field signals, and in that said controlling means is arranged to respond to said still image instruction by causing said first field signals to be read and recorded in said recording means and temporarily stored in a memory, and after reading said first field signals, causing said first field signals stored in said memory to be read out of the memory and recorded as second field signals. It is noted that EP-A-0395059 describes a still picture camera with a colour image sensor, in which for example in relation to each colour component, adjacent horizontal lines of pixels are shifted horizontally for each alternate horizontal line, the image signals for all pixels are read in a non-interlaced manner to a memory, and two fields of image data are recorded in an interlaced manner, each line being read in a zigzag manner from two adjacent lines of pixel storage in said memory. The other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a video signal recording apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a layout of pixels of an image pickup sensor. Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the video signal recording apparatus according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a video signal recording apparatus. In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 represents an image pickup sensor using CCDs for example for converting a subject image into electric signals. Reference numeral 2 represents an A/D converter for converting a signal from the image pickup sensor 1 into a digital signal. The image pickup sensor 1 uses a MOS type image sensor whose particular structure will be detailed later. Reference numeral 3 represents a memory controller, reference numeral 4 represents a memory for storing digital signals from the A/D converter 2 under control of the memory controller 3, and reference numeral 5 represents a counter used for designating an operation mode. The memory controller 3 and memory 4 are interconnected by a control line and signal lines via which data is read from and written into the memory 4. The counter 5 is inputted with a control signal S1 from a system controller 12. In response to this control signal S1, the counter 5 outputs a pulse signal of a predetermined frequency to the memory controller 3 and to a photographing mode flag generator 7. In response to the pulse signal from the counter 5, an operation mode is switched between a moving image mode and a still image mode, as will be later described in detail. Reference numeral 6 represents a signal processing circuit for processing digital signals corresponding to signals sensed by the image pickup sensor 1, reference numeral 8 represents a D/A converter for converting a digital output from the signal processing circuit 6 into an analog signal, and reference numeral 9 represents an image recording circuit. An output signal from the signal processing circuit 6 is converted into an analog signal by the D/A converter 8, and sent to the image recording circuit 9 to subject it to a predetermined process and store it on a recording medium 10. The recording medium 10 for recording an output from the image recording circuit 9 may use an optical disk for example. The system controller 12 shown in Fig. 1 controls various circuit portions of this apparatus, and has various switches including a mode setting switch 13 for setting the moving image photographing mode or still image photographing mode, and a time setting switch 14 for setting a count time of the counter 5. The mode set by the mode setting switch 13 is displayed on display means such as an electronic view finder 15. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a layout of pixels of the image pickup sensor 1, wherein circles represent pixels. As shown in Fig. 2, pixels are disposed at a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction. Pixels on each horizontal line are shifted from those on adjacent horizontal lines. Specifically, each pixel on a horizontal line shown in Fig. 2 is positioned at the center of two pixels on the next horizontal line. The image pickup sensor 1 of this embodiment reads pixel signals in the following manner. Pixel signals on two adjacent lines are read in a zigzag manner to obtain first field signals as indicated by (b) and (d) in Fig. 2, and to obtain second field signals as indicated by (a) and (c) in Fig. 2. In this manner, one frame image is obtained. The operation of the embodiment will be described. In the moving image mode, the counter 5 stops its count operation in response to an instruction from the system controller 12 set by the mode setting switch 13. In this mode, the counter 5 outputs a low level signal to the memory controller 3 and photographing mode flag generator 7. Then, the memory controller 3 operates to output pixel signals sensed by the image pickup sensor 1 and A/D converted by the A/D converter 2 to the signal processing circuit 6. In this case, pixel signals from the image pickup sensor 1 are alternately read as the first and second field signals as described with Fig. 2. Pixel signals read in a zigzag manner from the image pickup sensor 1 are corrected by the signal processing circuit 6 to generate an image signal for the moving image mode. An output signal from the signal processing circuit 6 is converted into an analog signal by the D/A converter 8, and sent to the image recording circuit 9 and recorded on the recording medium 10. Next, the operation during the still image mode will be described. In the still image mode, the counter 5 is set with a counter time in response to the counter control signal S1 from the system controller 12. In response to the control signal S1, the counter 5 outputs a high level signal at a predetermined time interval to the memory controller 3 and photographing flag generator 7. In response to the high level signal, the memory controller 3 operates to read data of all pixels sensed by the image pickup sensor 1, in the manner that the first field signals are read as indicated at (b) and (d) in Fig. 2, and to supply them to the signal processing circuit 6. At the same time, the memory controller 3 operates to temporarily store the first field signals in the memory 4. The first field signals supplied to the signal processing circuit 6 are subject to a predetermined process, and thereafter are recorded on the recording medium 10. After recording the first field signals, the memory controller 3 operates to read the first field data stored in the memory 4, and to send it to the signal processing circuit 6 and record it on the recording medium 10. In reading one field data from the memory 4, the memory controller 3 changes the order of reading first field data in the manner that the data is read as indicated at (a) and (c) in Fig. 2, and records the read data on the recording medium 10 via the signal processing circuit 6. In this manner, a frame still image is obtained which is constructed of two fields each read in a different manner from data of all pixels once read by the image pickup sensor 1. In response to the high level signal from the counter 5, the photographing mode flag generator 7 sends a photographing mode flag to the image recording circuit 9 to record it on the recording medium 10. Namely, during the still image mode, the photographing mode flag is recorded on the recording medium 10 to discriminate between the frame still image data and moving image data on the recording medium 10. As an output of the counter 5 is inverted to the low level, the operation mode returns to the moving image mode. The memory controller 3 operates to generate an image signal for the moving image mode by reading the first and second field signals, and to record them on the recording medium 10, as described above. As the counter 5 outputs a high level signal, the operation mode changes to the still image mode to record a frame still image on the recording medium 10. As described above, in this embodiment, the counter 5 outputs high and low level signals at a predetermined switching intervals to switch between the moving and still image modes, generates field moving signals and frame still image signals at the predetermined switching intervals, and records them on the recording medium 10. In printing a selected scene, the frame still image is detected, based upon the photographing mode flag, and the frame still image is printed, providing a high quality still image. Furthermore, snap photography possible during the moving image mode, by temporarily switching the operation mode with the mode setting switch and recording a still image frame. In this case, a snap photography area can be easily found by searching the photographing mode flag. In the above-described case, where the operation of the counter 5 is set by the counter control signal S1 from the system controller 12, if a still image is taken at one frame per one to several tens of seconds, for example, the moving image photographing is not adversely effected during this still image photographing. If printing is the main purpose, the count of the counter 5 is reduced or all images are taken as frame still images. It is therefore preferable to make variable the time period of generating a still image. Furthermore, as described above, a photographer may take a frame still image temporarily during the moving image mode. Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, image signals are recorded as digital signals by a digital recording circuit 11 without using the D/A converter 8. The other structure is the same as the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. This embodiment also provides a still image of high quality same as the first embodiment. As described so far, the present invention allows to print a still image of high quality without any blur.

Claims: A video signal recording apparatus comprising: image pickup means (1) having a plurality of pixels two-dimensionally disposed by a predetermined interval in horizontal and vertical directions, pixels being horizontally shifted for each alternate horizontal line; recording means (6-10) for recording a signal read by said image pickup means; means (13, 14) for instructing which one of a moving image and a still image is to be recorded; and means (3, 5, 12) for controlling recording of one of said moving image and said still image in accordance with an instruction by said instructing means, characterised in that said controlling means is arranged to respond to said moving image instruction by causing pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines of said image pickup means to be read alternately from said lines in a zigzag manner and recorded by said recording means as first field signals, and causing pixel signals on two adjacent horizontal lines shifted in said vertical direction from said first-mentioned two adjacent horizontal lines to be read in said zigzag manner and recorded by said recording means as second field signals, and in that said controlling means is arranged to respond to said still image instruction by causing said first field signals to be read and recorded in said recording means and temporarily stored in a memory, and after reading said first field signals, causing said first field signals stored in said memory to be read out of the memory and recorded as second field signals. A video signal recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said instructing means (13, 14) instructs said controlling means to alternately generate said moving and still images at a predetermined time interval, such that a video signal recorded in said recording means over time contains video signals for both said moving and still images. A video signal recording apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a time period of generating said still image instructed by said instructing means (14) can be varied. A video signal recording apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising means (7) for generating a signal representative of a still image mode when said instructing means instructs said still image, and wherein said recording means is arranged to record said signal as a signal discriminating said still image from said moving image. A video signal recording apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein, for the recording of said still picture, the first field signals stored in said memory comprise data from every pixel of the image pickup means (1), and wherein the reading of said stored signals for recording of said second field signals is performed in a zigzag manner, alternating between adjacent lines of said first field signals.

Inventors: NAKAZATO SABURO, NAKAZATO, SABURO, Nakazato, Saburo, c/o Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H04N5
IPC codes: H04N5