Child resistant unit dose package and separate drug container

Abstract: A child resistant unit dose package for medications comprises a container member (10) having concealed locking means (34), a plurality of cavities (14) along its longitudinal axis for holding medication (15), each cavity closed with a peel-off seal (16), and a cover (20) for the container member that requires two operations to open. In another embodiment, a separate drug container is disclosed which does not include a cover.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many medications are dangerous if taken by children or if taken by children in excess. In order to prevent accidental ingestion of medications by children who encounter a medication container, it has been desirable to design medication containers that are resistant to being opened by children. It has also been desirable to provide medication containers that are simple and easy to use by the elderly, the manually handicapped and those having limited or restricted manual dexterity, especially where there is no risk of accidental ingestion of the medications by children. An example of a child resistant unit dose package is described in European Patent Specification No. 0 482 796-A. The subject matter of the present invention differs from that described in EP-0 482 796-A in that the container of the present invention comprises a raised crown or crest extending upwardly from the planar surface of its top wall and circumscribing the perimeter of each of the cavity openings. EP-0 482 796-A is prior art in the sense of Article 54(3) EPC. A child resistant package of the blister strip type is described in US Patent No. 4,243,144. Access to the cavities of the blister strip is effected by the bending of a flexible strip and removal of a portion of the covering sheet, peeled back from an area of non-heat sealed covering. UK Patent Specification No. 2 161 782-A describes synthetic resin vessels provided with an integral peripheral mouth flange provided with an upstanding ridge protuberance to which a lid is heat sealed. US Patent No. 3,738,480 describes a medication container comprising a plurality of cavities, each of which is covered by an individual closure, each of which closures is preferably labelled to identify appropriate time intervals for taking the medication. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A child resistant unit dosage drug container comprising: (a) an injection moulded body, the body having opposed top and bottom walls, opposed side walls and opposed end walls, the end walls being adapted to receive a top cover, the moulded body having a plurality of cavities defined therein, said cavities being accessible through openings in the top wall, the top wall having a raised crown or crest which circumscribes the perimeter of each cavity; (b) a protective strip sealed to and covering the outside of the top wall and enclosing the cavities, the protective strip being heat sealed to the raised crowns or crests to form a protective covering for each of the cavities, the protective strip being perforated between the cavities to allow for easy removal of individual portions of the protective strip when exposing individual cavities; (c) the top cover extending along the length of the moulded body, the top cover having a locking end and a hinged end being attached at one of the end walls of the body, the locking end having a lock as an extension of a projecting wall capable of fitting over the end wall of the body, the top cover having an open and closed position, wherein the closed position results in concealment of the cavities and the lock, the open position providing access to the protective strip covering the top wall of the body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are midsectional side elevations along the longitudinal axis of the package of the present invention. In figure 1 the package is closed. Figures 2 and 3 show the means of opening the package, and figure 4 shows it fully opened. Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views of the child resistant unit dosage package of the present invention in closed and open positions, respectively. Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the drug container without a cover. Figure 8 is a detailed view of a portion of the drug container shown in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a sectional view of the drug container shown in Figure 8 taken substantially on the line 9-9 of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a top view showing details of another embodiment of the drug container of Figure 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION This invention relates to a child resistant unit dose package, and more particularly to such a package having concealed locking means wherein a two-step procedure is required to expose the cavities holding the medication. This invention also relates to a drug container that does not have a locking cover and that is simple and easy to use. The unit dose package and the drug container of the invention will become more apparent from the ensuing description when considered together with the figures of the drawing wherein like reference numerals identify like parts. According to the present invention the child resistant unit dosage package consists of a container member 10 having a bottom surface 11 and sidewalls 12 and 13. Container member 10 is provided with a plurality of cavities or chambers 14. Each chamber is intended to hold a tablet 15, capsule, caplet or the like of single dose medication. The cavities are covered with a protective strip 16, e . g ., an aluminum foil, heat sealable laminate, which is adhered to the top surfaces 17 of container member 10 by heat sealing and which is readily removed by peeling off to expose the medication. Foil 16 is provided with tabs 18 and scores 19 to facilitate opening of individual cavities by pulling the tabs. Container member 10 is provided with cover 20 extending along substantially all of the length of member 10 and attached to member 10 by hinge means 21. Cover 20 has top 22 and sidewalls 23 and 24 that overlap the sidewalls 13 and 12, respectively, when the cover is closed. Cover 20 is provided at its front end with a downwardly projecting wall 25 that fits over the front wall 26 of container member 10. Walls 25 and 26 cooperate to form concealed locking means 34. In the embodiment shown, the locking means is formed by providing the bottom of the interior surface of wall 25 with a flange 27 adapted to fit over flange 28 provided on the outer surface of wall 26, thereby locking cover 20 to container member 10. When the package is closed the locking means are concealed. The top 22 of cover 20 is provided with slits 29 and 30 proceeding inwardly from the front edge of cover 20 and terminating before reaching the hinged end. Top 22 is also provided with one or more front reinforcing flanges 31 and rear reinforcing flanges 32. A region 33 between the two flanges 31 and 32 lacks any reinforcing flanges. When the package is closed, it is not apparent that the underside of top 22 is not uniform or that the region 33 is present. Due to the presence of region 33 and also to slits 29 and 30, pressure on region 33 as shown in figure 2, disengages interlocking flanges 27 and 28. However, the cover does not swing away from container member 10 due to frictional engagement between front wall 25 and 26 of cover 20 and container member 10, respectively, and between sidewalls 12 and 13 of container member 10 and sidewalls 23 and 24 of cover 20. In order to open the package, it is necessary in addition to hold the front ends of the container member 10 and cover 20 and pull them apart as shown in figure 3. In a further embodiment, the drug container of the invention is provided without a locking cover means as shown in figure 7. From figure 7, it can be seen that this embodiment of the drug container 10 has an elongated, generally rectangular body with opposed, upwardly projecting end walls 35, 36 having clean planar surfaces. That is, end walls 35, 36 do not carry the hinge means (21) or flange (27) shown in the embodiments of figures 1-6. Extending upwardly from the top, planar surface 17 and circumscribing the perimeter of each chamber or cavity 19 is a raised crown or crest 37. By providing the raised crown or crest 37, several shortcomings in applying the heat-sealed laminate foil 16 to the container 10 are overcome or minimized and subsequent removal of the tabs 18 is facilitated. For example, articles produced from typical plastic molding operations have what appear to an observer to be "flat" surfaces, but which contain undulations and are not truly flat. These undulations result from slight temperature fluctuations that are inherent in most plastic molding operations. As a result, heat-sealing of the laminate foil 16 to cover the cavities 14 can result in a non-uniform seal. If this non-uniform seal is present at or adjacent to a cavity 14, the medicinal unit dose tablet 15 can be exposed to a potentially harmful atmosphere or environment that could alter the integrity of the tablet 15. By providing raised crowns or crests 37, this non-uniformity is eliminated or minimized as the aluminum foil laminate strip 16 is heat sealed to the upper surfaces of the crests 37. Since the upper surfaces of the crests 37 represent a substantially reduced surface area of contact, complete adhesion of the aluminum foil cover strip 16 over each cavity 14 is assured thereby maintaining the integrity of the unit dose tablets 15. Feat-sealing "dwell time" is also substantially reduced with the decreased upper surface area of crests 37 resulting in increased productivity and decreased production costs. An additional user benefit also results from raised crowns or crests 37 as it is easier and requires less effort and force for a user to remove the protective cover strip 16 due to the significantly reduced area of adhesion between the upper surfaces of crests 37 and the protective cover strip 16. To further facilitate the removal of protective cover strip 16, it is preferred that at least that portion of the raised crown or crest 37 adjacent a tab 18 be in the form an elongated segment. This makes it easier for a user to grasp the tab 18 for removal of the protective strip 16. This preferred feature is illustrated in figure 8 where it can be seen that the portions of raised crests 37 adjacent side walls 12 and 13 are formed into elongated segments 38 that end in points 39. In this embodiment, the geometric configuration of crests 37 is shown in the form of an hexagonal. However, the geometric configuration of the crests 37 is not critical and they can be provided in other geometric forms such as oval and elliptical as illustrated in figure 10 where the elongated segments 38 of crests 37 are shown terminating in reduced blunt ends 40. These raised crowns or crests 37 can also be provided in the child resistant package described above and illustrated in figures 1-6 as shown in phantom in figure 6. The unit dose package and drug container of the present invention can be made of many suitable materials but moldable plastic is preferred. Polyethylene, either low or high density, can be used as can polypropylene. For cost considerations, low density polyethylene is preferred.

Claims: A child resistant unit dosage drug container comprising: (a) an injection moulded body (10), the body having opposed top and bottom walls (17 & 11), opposed side walls (12 & 13) and opposed end walls (35 & 36), the end walls being adapted to receive a top cover (20), the moulded body (10) having a plurality of cavities (14) defined therein, said cavities being accessible through openings in the top wall (17), the top wall having a raised crown or crest (37) which circumscribes the perimeter of each cavity (14); (b) a protective strip (16) sealed to and covering the outside of the top wall (17) and enclosing the cavities (14), the protective strip being heat sealed to the raised crowns or crests (37) to form a protective covering for each of the cavities (14), the protective strip being perforated (19) between the cavities (14) to allow for easy removal of individual portions of the protective strip (16) when exposing individual cavities (14); (c) the top cover (20) extending along the length of the moulded body (10), the top cover having a locking end (25) and a hinged end (21) being attached at one of the end walls (36) of the body (10), the locking end having a lock (27, 28) as an extension of a projecting wall (25) capable of fitting over the end wall (26) of the body (10), the top cover (20) having an open and closed position, wherein the closed position results in concealment of the cavities (14) and the lock (27, 28), the open position providing access to the protective strip (16) covering the top wall (17) of the body (10). A child resistant unit dosage drug container as claimed in claim 1 wherein the injection moulded body (10) is composed of low density polyethylene. A child resistant unit dosage drug container as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the protective strip (16) is composed of aluminium foil laminate. A child resistant unit dosage drug container as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the raised crown or crest (37) adjacent to a side wall (12 & 13) of the body (10) is in the form of an elongated segment (38). A child resistant unit dosage drug container as claimed in claim 4 wherein the elongated segment (38) terminates in a point (39). A child resistant unit dosage drug container as claimed in claim 4 wherein the elongated segment (38) terminates in a reduced blunt end (40) such that the raised crown or crest (37) makes an oval or elliptical form.

Inventors: BUNIN LEONID, BUNIN, LEO
Applicants: MERCK & CO INC, MERCK & CO., INC.
Application year: 1992
Main classification: B65D83
IPC codes: B65D83, A61J3, A61J1, B65D75, A61J7