Time-division multiplex communication system

Abstract: Each of the repeater stations comprises a frame synchronization circuit, a loop-back circuit and a repeater number calculating circuit. The repeater number calculating circuit calculates the second repeater number thereof depending on the number of layers from the master station based on the first repeater number when the repeater station is in frame synchronization as determined by the frame synchronization circuit. The repeater number calculating circuit equalizes the second repeater number thereof to the first repeater number irrespective of the number of layers from the master station when the repeater station Is In frame asynchronization as determined by the frame synchronization circuit.

Description: The present invention relates to a time-division multiplex communication system. Mention will first be made of a time-division multiplex communication system that was proposed in the specification of a Japanese patent application No. 2-153016 dated July 12 1990, which was laid open to inspection on February 14 1992 under number 4-44434, with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings in which:- FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of the previously proposed time-division multiplex communication system, and FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram illustrative of the loop-back function of each of repeater stations of the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 1; The previously proposed time-division multiplex communication system comprises a single master station B, a plurality of repeater stations R, and a plurality of slave stations T, these stations B, R, T being connected in a hierarchical network. The master station B and any one of the slave stations T communicate with each other when a down frame signal indicating the station number of the slave station T is transmitted from the master station B to the slave station T directly or through a repeater station or stations R, and an up burst signal is transmitted from the slave station T, which is permitted to transmit the signal, to the master station B directly or through the repeater station or stations R. In the previously proposed time-division multiplex communication system, to prevent up burst signals transmitted by plural repeater stations R and plural slave stations T from overlapping in time, the up burst signal are adjusted with respect to delay times by the repeater stations R and the slave stations T, as will be explained below. To compensate for the difference between radio wave delays due to the distance between the stations, the up burst signal are delayed depending on the distance between the stations. To compensate for the difference between radio wave delays due to the difference between the numbers of layers or levels from the master station B, the up burst signals are delayed by certain times depending on the number of layers from the master station B. In order for each of the repeater and slave stations R, T to be able to automatically recognize its number of layers from the master station B, the master station B transmits a down frame signal with a repeater number, and the repeater number is incremented by "1" in each of the repeater and slave stations R, T. Each of the repeater stations of the previously proposed time-division multiplex communication system has a loop-back function to allow slave stations to communicate with each other in the event of a failure of a repeater station. If a repeater station R 1 in the first layer of a time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 2 fails to operate, a repeater station R 2 in the second layer loses frame synchronization or is in frame asynchronization because it cannot receive a down frame signal from the repeater station R 1 . At this time, the repeater station R 2 performs its loop-back function to generate a substitute down frame signal by itself, and transmits signals, which are composed of the substitute down frame signal with up burst signals from slave stations T 1 - T 3 , to the slave stations T 1 - T 3 . As a result, there is established a network with the repeater station R 2 acting as a virtual master station, allowing the slave station T 1 - T 3 to communicate with each other. This earlier time-division multiplex communication system is however disadvantageous in that its hardware arrangement is relatively large in scale due to a delay circuit required by each of the repeater stations to delay an up burst signal from a slave station into timed relationship to its own substitute down frame signal when they are added to each other by the loop-back function. In the specification of French patent application number 8617862, which was published under number 2608874 on June 24 1988 and in the specification of the corresponding United States patent number 4,827,474, there was proposed a method of adjusting the interstate delay in an information transmission system having a large number of relay stations arranged in cascade and using in one transmission direction the TDMA method, in which the delay adjustment starts with the relay station nearest to the central station and ends with a terminal station. A subsidiary station capable of automatically adjusting an internal delay in response to a number signal received in a downward signal by the subsidiary station was proposed in the specification of European patent application number 87113623.0, which was published under number 260 696 on March 23 1988. A feature of a time-division multiplex communication system which will be described below in illustration of the present invention is that it does not require each repeater station to delay an up burst signal from a slave station when the up burst signal and a down frame signal are added to each other by a loop-back function. In the particular embodiment to be described below a time-division multiplex communication system includes a master station for transmitting a first down frame signal accompanied by a predetermined first repeater number, a group of repeater stations each for transmitting a second down frame signal accompanied by a second repeater number, and a group of slave stations each for transmitting an up burst signal which is delayed by a fixed delay time corresponding to a third repeater number that is calculated by adding a predetermined number to a second repeater number transmitted from a repeater station which is a master with respect thereto. The master, repeater, and slave stations are connected at different layers in a hierarchical network. Each of the repeater stations comprises frame synchronization determining means for determining whether to be in frame synchronization or frame asynchronization; loop-back means for looping back the up burst signal transmitted from either one of the slave stations or another of the repeater stations which is a slave with respect thereto, when the frame synchronization determining means determines to be in frame asynchronization, and repeater number calculating means for calculating a second repeater number thereof depending on a number of layers from the master station based on the first repeater number when the frame synchronization determining means determines to be in frame synchronization, and for equalizing the second repeater number thereof to the first repeater number irrespective of the number of layers from said master station when the frame synchronization determining means determines to be in frame asynchronization. The following description and drawings disclose, by means of an example, the invention which is characterised in the appended claims, whose terms determine the extent of the protection conferred hereby. In the drawings:- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a time-division multiplex communication system according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a master station of the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the format of a down frame signal DF; FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the format of an up burst signal UB; FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first repeater station of the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a slave station of the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the manner in which the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3 operates when all repeater and slave stations are in frame synchronization; and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the manner in which the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3 operates when an (m-l)th repeater station and an mth repeater station are in frame asynchronization. FIG. 3 shows a time-division multiplex communication system according to the present invention. The time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3 comprises a master station B 0 , (n-1) repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 connected in series to the master station B 0 , and a slave station T n connected to the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 . As shown in FIG. 4, the master station B 0 includes a multiplexer 11, a modulator-demodulator 12, a loop-back circuit 13, and an antenna 14. The master station B 0 also includes a down baseband signal generator (not shown) for generating a down baseband signal DB, a repeater number signal generator (not shown) for generating a repeater number signal TN, a frame pulse generator (not shown) for generating a frame pulse FP, a loop-back control signal generator (not shown) for generating a loop-back control signal RC, and an up burst signal processor (not shown) for processing an up burst signal UB. The multiplexer 11 adds a frame synchronization pattern FS and the repeater number signal TN to the down baseband signal DB from the loop-back control circuit 13 using the frame pulse FP as a reference, thereby generating a down frame signal DF shown in FIG. 5. The repeater number signal TN is representative of a predetermined repeater number RN 0 of the master station B 0 . The modulator-demodulator 12 modulates an output signal from the multiplexer 11 into a down signal in a radio frequency range, which is transmitted through the antenna 14 to the first repeater station R 1 . The modulator-demodulator 12 also demodulates an up signal in a radio frequency range, received by the antenna 14, into a up burst signal UB shown in FIG. 6. The loop-back circuit 13 supplies either the down baseband signal DB as it is to the multiplexer 11 or a signal composed of the down baseband signal DB and the up burst signal UB to the multiplexer 11 depending on the loop-back control signal RC applied to the loop-back circuit 13. As shown in FIG. 7, the first repeater station R 1 comprises a first antenna 20 1 , a multiplexer 21 1 , a first modulator-demodulator 22 1 , a loop-back circuit 23 1 , a second modulator-demodulator 24 1 , a frame synchronization circuit 25 1 , a repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 , a fixed delay circuit 27 1 , a delay adjusting circuit 28 1 , a second antenna 29 1 , a loop-back control signal generator (not shown) for generating a first loop-back control signal RC 1 , and an up burst signal generator (not shown) for generating a first up burst signal UB 1 . The second modulator-demodulator 24 1 demodulates a down signal in a radio frequency range received by the second antenna 29 1 into a down baseband signal DB. The down baseband signal DB is supplied to the frame synchronization circuit 25 1 , the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 , and the loop-back circuit 23 1 . The frame synchronization circuit 25 1 serves to determine whether the first repeater station R 1 is in frame synchronization or not based on whether the down baseband signal DB contains a frame synchronization pattern FS or not, and produces a first decision signal D 1 indicative of the result of determination. The first decision signal D 1 is supplied to the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 . The frame synchronization circuit 25 1 generates a first frame pulse FP 1 in synchronism with the frame synchronization pattern FS when it determines that the first repeater station R 1 is in frame synchronization, and generates a first frame pulse FP 1 out of synchronism with the frame synchronization pattern FS when it determines that the first repeater station R 1 is in frame asynchronization. The first frame pulse FP 1 is supplied to the multiplexer 21 1 and the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 . When the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 recognizes that the first repeater station R 1 is in frame synchronization based on the first decision signal D 1 , the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 extracts the repeater number signal TN from the down baseband signal DB using the first frame pulse FP 1 as a reference, thereafter adds "1" to the repeater number RN 0 indicated by the repeater number signal TN, thus producing a first repeater number RN 1 , and generates a first repeater number signal TN 1 representing the first repeater number RN 1 . When the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 recognizes that the first repeater station R 1 is in frame asynchronization based on the first decision signal D 1 , the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 generates a first repeater number signal TN 1 representing the repeater number RN 0 of the master station B 0 . The first repeater number signal TN 1 is supplied to the multiplexer 21 1 and the fixed delay circuit 27 1 . The multiplexer 21 1 adds the first repeater number signal TN 1 to the down baseband signal DB using the first frame pulse FP 1 as a reference, generating a new down frame signal DF. The modulator-demodulator 22 1 modulates an output signal from the multiplexer 21 1 into a down signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the first antenna 20 1 to the second repeater station R 2 . The modulator-demodulator 22 1 also demodulates an up signal in a radio frequency range, received by the first antenna 20 1 , into an up burst signal UB which is supplied to the loop-back circuit 23 1 and the delay adjusting circuit 28 1 . Depending on the first loop-back control signal RC 1 , the loop-back circuit 23 1 supplies the down baseband signal DB as it is to the multiplexer 21 1 or a signal composed of the down baseband signal DB and the up burst signal UB to the multiplexer 21 1 . The fixed delay circuit 27 1 delays the first up burst signal UB 1 by a delay time corresponding to the repeater number indicated by the first repeater number signal TN 1 . The delayed first up burst signal UB 1 is applied to the delay adjusting circuit 28 1 . The delay adjusting circuit 28 1 adds the first up burst signal UB 1 to the up burst signal UB, generating a new up burst signal UB, and thereafter delays the new up burst signal UB by a delay time corresponding to the distance up to the master station B 0 . The delayed new up burst signal UB is supplied to the second modulator-demodulator 24 1 . The second modulator-demodulator 24 1 modulates the new up burst signal UB into an up signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the second antenna 29 1 to the master station B 0 . The other (n-2) repeater stations R 2 - R n-1 are identical in structure to the first repeater station R 1 . As shown in FIG. 8, the slave station Tn comprises an antenna 30, a multiplexer 34, a frame synchronization circuit 35, a repeater number calculating circuit 36, a fixed delay circuit 37, a delay adjusting circuit 38, and an up burst signal generator (not shown) for generating an up burst signal UB. The modulator-demodulator 34 demodulates a down signal in a radio frequency range, received by the antenna 30, into a down baseband signal DB. The down baseband signal DB is supplied to the frame synchronization circuit 35 and the repeater number calculating circuit 36. The frame synchronization circuit 35 determines whether the slave station T n is in frame synchronization or not based on whether the down baseband signal DB contains a frame synchronization pattern FS or not, and produces an nth decision signal D n indicative of the result of determination. The nth decision signal D n is supplied to the repeater number calculating circuit 36. The frame synchronization circuit 35 generates an nth frame pulse FP n in synchronism with the frame synchronization pattern FS when it determines that the slave station T n is in frame synchronization, and generates an nth frame pulse FP n out of synchronism with the frame synchronization pattern FS when it determines that the slave station T n is in frame asynchronization. The nth frame pulse FP n is supplied to the repeater number calculating circuit 36. When the repeater number calculating circuit 36 recognizes that the slave station T n is in frame synchronization based on the nth decision signal D n , the repeater number calculating circuit 36 extracts the (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 from the down baseband signal DB using the nth frame pulse FP n as a reference, thereafter adds "1" to the repeater number indicated by the (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 , thus producing an nth repeater number signal TN n . The nth repeater number signal TN n is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 37. The fixed delay circuit 37 delays the up burst signal UB by a delay time corresponding to the nth repeater number RN n indicated by the nth repeater number signal TN n . The delayed up burst signal UB is applied to the delay adjusting circuit 38. The delay adjusting circuit 38 delays the up burst signal UB by a delay time corresponding to the distance up to the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 . The delayed up burst signal UB is supplied to the modulator-demodulator 34. The modulator-demodulator 34 modulates the up burst signal UB into an up signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the antenna 30 to the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 . The fixed delay circuits 27 1 - 27 n-1 of the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the fixed delay circuit 37 of the slave station T n have respective fixed delay times DL 1 - DL n which are given from the first through nth repeater numbers RN 1 - RN n , the frame period t F of the down frame signal DF, and the unit delay time Δt according to the following equation: DL m = (n - (RN m - RN 0 ))· Δt where m = 1, 2, ..., n-1, n Δt = t F /n Operation of the time-division multiplex communication system shown in FIG. 3 when all of the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the slave station T n are in frame synchronization and also when the (m-1)th repeater station R m-1 and the mth repeater station R m are in frame asynchronization, will be described below. First, the operation at the time all of the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the slave station T n are in frame synchronization will be described below with reference to FIG. 9. For the sake of brevity, it is assumed that the down frame signal DF and the up burst signal UB are delayed only by a distance, and the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the slave station T n are spaced at an equivalent distance ΔL = L/(2 · n) where L indicates a distance such that the time required for the down frame signal DF to travel from the master station B 0 to the slave station T n and subsequently for the up burst signal UB to travel from the slave station T n to the master station B 0 is equal to the frame period t F . However, even if the actual distances between the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the slave station T n are different from the equivalent distance ΔL, no substantial difference will arise because delay time differences caused by the difference between the actual distances and the equivalent distance are adjusted by the delay adjusting circuits 28 1 - 28 n-1 , 38. When the down baseband signal DB, the repeater number signal TN indicating the repeater number RN 0 = 0, and the frame pulse FP are applied to the multiplexer 11 in the master station B 0 , the multiplexer 11 generates a down frame signal DF. The down frame signal DF is modulated by the modulator-demodulator 12 into a down signal in a radio frequency range. The down signal is transmitted through the antenna 14 to the first repeater station R 1 at a time a 0 (FIG. 9), and thereafter received by the second antenna 29 1 of the first repeater station R 1 at a time a 1 which lags the time a 0 by a unit delay time Δ t. The down signal is demodulated into a down baseband signal DB by the second modulator-demodulator 24 1 of the first repeater station R 1 . The frame synchronization circuit 25 1 detects a frame synchronization pattern FS contained in the down baseband signal DB, and supplies a first decision signal D 1 indicative of frame synchronization and a first frame pulse FP 1 synchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 . The repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 extracts a repeater number signal TN contained in the down baseband signal DB using the first frame pulse FP 1 as a reference, and adds "1" to the repeater number RN 0 = 0 represented by the repeater number signal TN, thus producing a first repeater number RN 1 . As a result, the repeater number calculating circuit 26 1 generates a first repeater number signal TN 1 indicative of the first repeater number RN 1 = 1. The first repeater number signal TN 1 is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 27 1 whose fixed delay time DL 1 is set to (n - 1) · Δt according to the equation (1). To transmit a first up burst signal UB 1 from the first repeater station R 1 back to the master station B 0 , therefore, the first up burst signal UB 1 is delayed to a time b 1 by the fixed delay circuit 27 1 , and thereafter supplied to the delay adjusting circuit 28 1 . The delay adjusting circuit 28 1 adds the up burst signal UB from the modulator-demodulator 22 1 and the first up burst signal UB 1 , generating a new up burst signal UB. The new up burst signal UB is adjusted with respect to the delay time by the delay adjusting circuit 28 1 so that it is received by the master station B 0 at a time b 0 . As a consequence, the up burst signal UB is received by the master station B 0 such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB shown in FIG. 6 and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF shown in FIG. 5 are timed to each other, i.e., they occur at the same time. The multiplexer 21 1 adds the first repeater number signal TN 1 to the down baseband signal DB using the first frame pulse FP 1 as a reference, generating a new down frame signal DF. The new down frame signal DF is then modulated by the modulator-demodulator 22 1 into a down signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the first antenna 20 1 to the second repeater station R 2 . The remaining repeater stations R 2 - R n-1 operate in the same manner as the first repeater station R 1 . More specifically, the down signal in a radio frequency range transmitted from the mth repeater station R m is received by the second antenna 29 m+1 of the (m+1)th repeater station R m+1 at a time a m+1 which lags the time a 0 by the unit delay time Δt multiplied by (m + 1). The received down signal is then demodulated into an mth down baseband signal DB m by the second modulator-demodulator 24 m+1 of the (m+1)th repeater station R m+1 . The frame synchronization circuit 25 m+1 detects a frame synchronization pattern FS contained in the mth down baseband signal DB m , and supplies an (m+1)th decision signal D m+1 indicative of frame synchronization and an (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 synchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 26 m+1 . The repeater number calculating circuit 26 m+1 extracts an mth repeater number signal TN m contained in the mth down baseband signal DB m using the (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 as a reference, and adds "1" to the mth repeater number RN m = m represented by the mth repeater number signal TN m , thus producing an (m+1)th repeater number RN m+1 . As a result, the repeater number calculating circuit 26 m+1 generates an (m+1)th repeater number signal TN m+1 indicative of the (m+1)th repeater number RN m+1 = m + 1. The (m+1) th repeater number signal TN m+1 is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 27 m+1 whose fixed delay time DL m+1 is set to (n - m - 1) · Δ t according to the equation (1). To transmit an (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 from the (m+1)th repeater station R m+1 back to the master station B 0 , therefore, the (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 is delayed to a time b m+1 by the fixed delay circuit 27 m+1 , and thereafter supplied to the delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 . The delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 adds the up burst signal UB from the modulator-demodulator 22 m+1 and the (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 , generating a new up burst signal UB. The new up burst signal UB is adjusted with respect to the delay time by the delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 so that it is received by the master station B 0 at a time b 0 . As a consequence, the up burst signal UB is received by the master station B 0 such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF are timed to each other. The multiplexer 21 m+1 adds the (m+1)th repeater number signal TN m+1 to the mth down baseband signal DB m using the (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 as a reference, generating a new down frame signal DF. The new down frame signal DF is then modulated by the modulator-demodulator 22 m+1 into a down signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the first antenna 20 m+1 to the (m+2)th repeater station R m+2 . In the slave station T n , the down signal in a radio frequency range transmitted from the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 is received by the antenna 30 at a time a n which tags the time a 0 by the unit delay time Δ t multiplexed by n. The received down signal is then demodulated into a down baseband signal DB by the modulator-demodulator 34. The frame synchronization circuit 35 detects a frame synchronization pattern FS contained in the down baseband signal DB, and supplies an nth decision signal D n indicative of frame synchronization and an nth frame pulse FP n synchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 36. The repeater number calculating circuit 36 extracts an (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 contained in the down baseband signal DB using the nth frame pulse FP n as a reference, and adds "1- to the (n-1)th repeater number RN n-1 = n - 1 represented by the (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 , thus producing an nth repeater number RN n . As a result, the repeater number calculating circuit 36 generates an nth repeater number signal TN n indicative of the nth repeater number RN n = n. The nth repeater number signal TN n is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 37 whose fixed delay time DLn is set to "0" according to the equation (1). To transmit an up burst signal UB from the slave station T n back to the master station B 0 , therefore, the up burst signal UB is supplied to the delay adjusting circuit 38 without being delayed. The delay adjusting circuit 38 adjusts the delay time of the up burst signal UB so that it is received by the master station B 0 at a time b 0 . As a consequence, the up burst signal UB is received by the master station B 0 such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF are timed to each other. The new down frame signal DF is modulated by the modulator-demodulator 34 into an up signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the antenna 30 to the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 . The operation at the time the (m-1)th repeater station R m-1 and the mth repeater station R m are in frame asynchronization will be described below with reference to FIG. 10. Communication from the master station B 0 to the (m-1)th repeater station R m-1 is carried out in the same manner as described above where all of the repeater stations R 1 - R n-1 and the slave station T n are in frame synchronization. However, since the mth repeater station R m is unable to receive a down signal in a radio frequency range from the (m-1)th repeater station R m-1 , the frame synchronization circuit 25 m does not detect a frame synchronization pattern FS. Consequently, the frame synchronization circuit 25 m supplies an mth decision signal D m indicating frame asynchronization and an mth frame pulse FP m asynchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 26 m . Inasmuch as the mth decision signal D m indicates frame asynchronization, the repeater number calculating circuit 26 m sets the mth repeater number RN m to "0" which is the repeater number RN 0 of the master station B 0 , and hence generates an mth repeater number signal TN m indicative of the mth repeater number RN m = "0". The mth repeater number RN m is then supplied to the multiplexer 21 m , which adds the same to the frame synchronization pattern FS using the mth frame pulse FP m as a reference, generating a new down frame signal DF. The new down frame signal DF is modulated by the modulator-demodulator 22 m into a down signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the antenna 20 m to the (m+1)ah repeater station R m+1 . In the (m+1)th repeater stations R m+1 , the down signal in a radio frequency range transmitted from the mth repeater station R m is received by the second antenna 29 m+1 at a time C m+1 which lags a time c m (see FIG. 10) by the unit delay time Δt. The received down signal is then demodulated into an mth down baseband signal DB m by the second modulator-demodulator 24 m+1 . The frame synchronization circuit 25 m+1 detects a frame synchronization pattern FS contained in the mth down baseband signal DB m , and supplies an (m+1)th decision signal D m+1 indicative of frame synchronization and an (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 synchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 26 m+1 . The repeater number calculating circuit 26 m+1 extracts an mth repeater number signal TN m contained in the mth down baseband signal DB m using the (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 as a reference, and adds "1" to the mth repeater number RN m = 0 represented by the mth repeater number signal TN m , thus producing an (m+1)th repeater number signal TN m+1 indicative of an (m+1)th repeater number RN m+1 = 1. The (m+1)th repeater number signal TN m+1 is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 27 m+1 whose fixed delay time DL m+1 is set to (n - 1) · Δt according to the equation (1). To transmit an (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 from the (m+1)th repeater station R m+1 back to the mth repeater station R m , therefore, the (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 is delayed to a time d m+1 by the fixed delay circuit 27 m+1 , and thereafter supplied to the delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 . The delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 adds the up burst signal UB from the modulator-demodulator 22 m+1 and the (m+1)th up burst signal UB m+1 , generating a new up burst signal UB. The new up burst signal UB is adjusted with respect to the delay time by the delay adjusting circuit 28 m+1 so that it is received by the mth repeater station R m at a time d m . As a consequence, the up burst signal UB is received by the mth repeater station R m such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF are timed to each other. At the multiplexer 21 m+1 , by multiplexing the (m+1)th repeater number signal TN m+1 to the mth down baseband signal DB m using the (m+1)th frame pulse FP m+1 as a reference, a new down frame signal is generated. The new down frame signal DF is then modulated by the modulator-demodulator 22 m+1 into a down signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the first antenna 20 m+1 to the (m+2)th repeater station R m+2 . In the slave station T n , the down signal in a radio frequency range transmitted from the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 is received by the antenna 30 at a time c n which lags the time c n by the unit delay time Δ t multiplied by (n - m). The received down signal is then demodulated into a down baseband signal DB by the modulator-demodulator 34. The frame synchronization circuit 35 detects a frame synchronization pattern FS contained in the down baseband signal DB, and supplies an nth decision signal D n indicative of frame synchronization and an nth frame pulse FP n synchronous with the frame synchronization pattern FS to the repeater number calculating circuit 36. The repeater number calculating circuit 36 extracts an (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 contained in the down baseband signal DB using the nth frame pulse FP n as a reference, and adds "1" to the (n-1)th repeater number RN n-1 = n - m - 1 represented by the (n-1)th repeater number signal TN n-1 , thus producing an nth repeater number RN n . As a result, the repeater number calculating circuit 36 generates an nth repeater number signal TN n indicative of the nth repeater number RN n = n - m. The nth repeater number signal TN n is supplied to the fixed delay circuit 37 whose fixed delay time DLn is set to m · Δ t according to the equation (1). To transmit an up burst signal UB from the slave station T n back to the mth repeater station R m , therefore, the up burst signal UB is delayed to a time d n by the fixed delay circuit 37 and supplied to the delay adjusting circuit 38. The delay adjusting circuit 38 adjusts the delay time of the up burst signal UB so that it is received by the mth repeater station R m at a time d m . As a consequence, the up burst signal UB is received by the mth repeater station R m such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF are timed to each other. The new down frame signal DF is modulated by the modulator-demodulator 34 into an up signal in a radio frequency range which is transmitted through the antenna 30 to the (n-1)th repeater station R n-1 . Therefore, even when the (m-1)th repeater station R m-1 and the mth repeater station R m are in frame asynchronization, a network with the mth repeater station R m as a virtual master station can be set up by operating the loop-back circuit 23 m of the mth repeater station R m . Since the mth repeater station R m receives the up burst signal UB such that the up frame UF of the up burst signal UB and the frame synchronization pattern FS of the down frame signal DF are timed to each other, the down frame signal DF and the up burst signal can be added to each other without delaying the up burst signal UB. The illustrated embodiment is particularly directed to a time-division multiplex communication system which comprises master, repeater, and slave stations that are connected in series to each other. However, the principles of the present invention are more practical and advantageous when embodied in a time-division multiplex communication system comprising master, repeater, and slave stations that are connected in a hierarchical network. While the invention has been disclosed in conjunction with a preferred embodiment thereof, by way of example, it will be appreciated that it would be possible for any person skilled in the art to put the invention into practice in various other ways within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: A time-division multiplex communication system including: a base station (B 0 ) for transmitting a first down frame signal (DF 1 ) accompanied by a predetermined first repeater number (RN 0 ), a group of repeater stations (R n ) each for transmitting a second down frame signal (DF 2 ) accompanied by a second repeater number (RN 1 ) and a group of terminal stations (T n ) each for transmitting an up burst signal (UB) which is delayed by a fixed delay time corresponding to a third repeater number (RN 2 ) that is calculated by adding a predetermined number to a second repeater number (RN 1 ) transmitted from a repeater station (R m ) which is a respective master station, the base station (B 0 ), the group of repeater stations (R n ), and the group of terminal stations (T n ) being connected at different layers in a hierarchical network, each one of the repeater stations (R n ), including frame synchronization determining means (25 1 ) for determining whether the group of repeater stations (R n ) is in frame synchronization or frame asynchronization, loop-back means (23 1 ) for looping back the up burst signal (UB) transmitted from either one of the terminal stations (T n ), or another of the repeater stations (R n ) which is a slave with respect to one of the terminal or repeater stations, when the frame synchronization determining means (25 1 ) determines the group of repeater stations (R n ) to be in frame asynchronization, and repeater number calculating means (26 1 ) for calculating a second repeater number (RN 1 ) depending on the number of layers of the second repeater from the base station (B 0 ) based on the first repeater number (RN 0 ) when the frame synchronization determining means (25 1 ) determines the group of repeater stations (R n ) to be in frame synchronization, and for setting the second repeater number (RN 1 ) to be equal to the first repeater number (RN 0 ), irrespective of the number of layers that the second repeater number (RN 1 ) is from the base station (B 0 ) when the frame synchronization determining means (25 1 ) determines the group of repeater stations (R n ) to be in frame asynchronization. A time-division multiplex communication system according to claim 1, wherein the first repeater number (RN 0 ) is "0", the repeater number calculating means (26 1 ) calculating the second repeater number (RN 1 ) by adding "1" to either the first repeater number (RN 0 ) transmitted from the base station (B 0 ) or the second repeater number (RN 1 ) transmitted from another of the group of repeater stations (R n ) which is a master with respect to the group of repeater stations (R n ), when the frame synchronization determining means (25 1 ) determines that the group of repeater stations (R n ) is in frame synchronization, each of the terminal stations (T n ) including repeater number calculating means (36) for calculating the third repeater number (RN 2 ) by adding "1" to the second repeater number (RN 1 ) transmitted from one of the group of repeater stations (R n ) which is a master with respect to the group of repeater stations (R n ). A time-division multiplex communication system according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each of the terminal stations (T n ) includes fixed delay means (37) for delaying the up burst signal (UB) by a fixed delay time DL n which is expressed by: DL n = (n - (RN n - RN 0 )) * t F / n where t F is the frame period of the first frame signal (DF 1 ), n is a maximum number of layers from the base station (B 0 ) to one of the terminal stations (T n ), RN 0 is the first repeater number (RN 0 ), and RN n is the third repeater number (RN 2 ) . A time-division multiplex communication system according to claim 3, wherein each of the terminal stations (T n ) further includes delay adjusting means (38) for delaying the up burst signal (UB) inputted from the fixed delay means (37) by a delay time DL n corresponding to the distance from another of the group of repeater stations (R n ) which is a master with respect to the group of repeater stations (R n ). A time-division multiplex communication system according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each one of the repeater stations of the group of repeater stations (R n ) includes up burst signal generating means (15 1 ) for generating a second up burst signal (UB 1 ), fixed delay means (27 1 ) for delaying the second up burst signal (UB 1 ) generated by the up burst signal generating means (15 1 ) by a fixed delay time which is a function of the second repeater number (RN 1 ), and up burst multiplexing means (21 1 ) for multiplexing either the delayed second up burst signal (UB 1 ) inputted from the second fixed delay means (27 1 ) to either the up burst signal (UB) transmitted from the one of the slave stations (T n ,R n ) which is a slave with respect to the other stations in the group, or to the up burst signal (UB) transmitted from another of the repeater stations (R n ) which is a slave with respect to the other stations in the group, thereby producing a new up burst signal (UB). A time-division multiplex communication system according to claim 5, wherein the fixed delay means (27 1 ) includes means for delaying the up burst signal (UB 1 ) by a second fixed delay time DL m which is expressed by: DL m = (n - ((RN m - RN 0 )) * t F / n where t F is a frame period of the first down frame signal (DF), n is a maximum number of layers from the base station (B 0 ) to one of the slave stations (T n ,R n ), RN 0 is the first repeater number (RN 0 ), and RN m is the second repeater number (RN 1 ). A time-division multiplex communication system according to claim 5, wherein the up burst signal multiplexing means (21 1 ) includes second delay adjusting means (28 1 ) for delaying the new up burst signal (UB) by a delay time depending on a distance from either the base station (B 0 ) or another of the repeater stations (R n ) which is a master with respect to the other repeater stations (R n ).

Inventors: ARAI KOJU, ARAI, KOJU
Applicants: NIPPON ELECTRIC CO, NEC CORPORATION
Application year: 1992
Main classification: H04B7
IPC codes: H04B7