A modular construction joist made up of a high-strength plastic material, particularly suitable for realizing grids, and closure members subjected to pedestrian and vehicle traffic

Abstract: This invention relates to a modular construction joist (1) made up of a high-strength, composite plastic material, possibly embedding a glass fibre or similar filling material, said joist (1) being suitable for realizing grid-like and closure members which can stand the traffic of pedestrians and vehicles.

Description: This invention relates to a modular construction joist made up of a high-strenght composite plastic material, for realizing grids and closure members capable of supporting pedestrian and vehicle traffic. From GB-A-2 099 893 it is known grids constituted by a series of transverse detached members having at each end and on each face a projecting part with pins corresponding to recesses on the adjacent transverse member. The pins fit with clearance in the recesses having a reference function whereas the below surfaces at the corners of the grid support the external load and the grid is reinforced by a central tube passing through the trasversal members. Further, disclosure of WO-A-8402731 defines joists for flooring gratings made out of reinforced fibreglass and including a plurality of I-beam support members interconnected by means of interconnecting members that provide also to hold said support members at a predeterminated reciprocal distance. The object of this invention is to obtain a modular construction joist having a uniform distribution of the surface load, low costs produced and able to have some different configurations as grid-like structure or closure member. The present invention achieves said object carring out a modular construction joist with the features reported in claim 1 and joined to end joists as characterized in claim 6. The characteristics of the joists in question as well as the advantages deriving therefrom will be evident from the following disclosure with reference to the figures of the two enclosed sheets, wherein: Figures 1,2 and 3 illustrate said joist respectively as a side view, as a top plan view and as a bottom plan view; Figures 4 and 5 illustrate similary the details of the joist respectively along the cross sectional lines Ifigure 1; Figures 6 and 7 illustrate schematically and as plan views, some examples of grids and closure members which can be realized employing the end joists according to the present invention; Figures 8 and 9 illustrate as top views a lenght of a end joist to be placed at the ends of said closure member or of the grid which is made up of a number of joists of the kind in question; Figures 10 and 11 illustrate the joist lenght of Figure 8 as a side view from the opposite fronts which are shown respectively by the arrows K and H; Figure 12 illustrates a detail as observed along the cross-sectional line XII-XII of Figure 10. The joists according to the present invention are realized with any plastic material and/or a further material having a very high mechanical strength and is injectable into a mold, for instance polypropylene or Nylon in which a glass fibre and/or any other suitable filling material has been embedded. It can be seen from the figures that the modular joist 1 dealt with in the present invention has side parts in the shape of an isosceles trapezium (Figure 1) whose major basis is in the top portion, while the cross-section is substantially in the shape of a double T (Figure 5). It is to be understood that the isosceles trapezium shape can also be substituted with an equivalent shape, as for instance a circle sector shape, with the chord at the top position. As it is clearly pointed out, the body of the joist having a thin thickness as for instance a thickness of a few millimeters, is designated by the numeral 101. The numeral 201 designates the upper stringer that realizes the portion in view of said joist, whereas the numeral 301 designates the lower stringer which is of less width with respect to the upper stringer. The length of said joist is preferably a multiple of the width of a stringer 201, so that it is possible to form also square-shaped structures employing a composition of a number of joists of the type mentioned herein. The end supports 401-401' of the joist are in the shape of a rectangular base parallelepiped, and they are of the same width as that of the upper stringer 201 and are aligned with the same. The numeral 2 shows some small vertical ribs which are integral with the front walls of the supports 401-401', which ensure a correct spacing of the same from the support frame T, with the aim of making it easier to insert and to remove the whole structure made up of the joists, onto and from the respective frame T, as well as for aesthetical reasons. The raised portions 501 and 501' which are integral with the upper stringer 201 and are contained within the width of the same are provided on the body 101 laterally, on both sides, according to a symmetrical and counterposed arrangement. The number of such raised portions is to change according to the length of the joist. The complementary parts are obtained in recessed and in raised portions on the walls of the supports 401-401' and of the raised parts 501-501', which are arranged on ideal planes parallel to the body 101, said complementary portions being necessary for realizing the coupling of the joists in question with each other, said joists being all arranged in parallel directions, one by the sides of the other, in contact with each other and all coplanar with the stringers 201. The numerals 3 and 3' show pins obtained as raised portions respectively on the supports 401-401′ and on the intermediate raised portions 501-501′. The pins 3 are for instance of circular cross-sections, whereas pins 3′ are ellipsoidal in section and vertically oriented along their major dimension. The seats 4-4′ are counterposed to said pins, such seats being suitable to receive the pins themselves so as to realize a fixed joint, such seats in addition having sides and shapes which are complementary to those of said pins and suitable to such aim. The pins 3-3′ and the seats 4-4′ are staggered to one other so as to allow a coupling between said joists to be realized, which is very strong and capable of resisting any kind of mechanical stress, with any orientation with respect to the joists themselves. The seats 4-4′ have such a depth as not to interfere with the ideal extension of the body 101 of said joist, in order not to jeopardize the mechanical strength of said joist. For illustration purposes only the sizes are reported herein of a joist of the type in question, in proportion to its length. Length: 300 mm; width of the stringer 201: 25 mm; width of the lower stringer 301: 13 mm; heigth, or distance between the parallel sides of the body 101: 50 mm; heigth of the supports 401-401′: 20 mm; width of the recessed portions 5 (see further in the text): 6 mm. In Figure 7, S shows the structure of a closure member made up of a set of some joists of the type mentioned above, which is useful for instance for the realization of a manhole cover. Dowels can be housed as raised members within the mold in which the joist in question is formed, said dowels giving rise to a number of recessed portions 5 on the sides of the upper stringer 201, as shown in Figure 2, which are symmetrically arranged between the supports 401-401′ and the raised portions 501-501′, and having such a shape that the structure S′ made up of the composition of a number of joists so modified, turns out to be provided at the top portion with grid opening 5′ having rounded ends, as shown in Figure 6. With reference now to Figures 8-9-10-11-12, it can be observed that the joist 1′ at the ends with the structures S and S′ of the type shown in Figures 7 and 8, are made up of members in the shape of parallelepipeds having a continuous transverse cross sections equal to those of the supports 401-401′ of the joists 1 and provided with seats 4-4′ as well as with pins 3-3′ just on the side intended for being coupled with the joists 1. On this same side, the joists 1′ are provided with the recessed portions 6 having a sinusoidal or fretted shape, which become integrated with the corresponding recesses 6′ provided in the opposite side of the joist. The joists 1′, when are intended for the grid-like structure S′ shown in Figure 6, are provided at least on the upper wall that defines the recesses 6 with lateral recesses 5, which are complementary to the homonimous recesses of the nearby joist 1 (Figure 9). On the contrary, the joists 1′ when are intended for closed structures S of the type illustrated in Figure 7, are provided at least on the upper wall of one of the recesses 6', with a recessed portion 7 (Figures 8-11-12) suitable to allow the introduction into the corresponding recessed part 6' to be realized of a hook for hoisting the structure S so as to remove the same from the respective supporting frame T. In Figures 8-12, the numeral 8 designates some ribs vertically arranged on the sides of the joist 1' facing the frame T, in a way similar to what has been set forth for the front ribs 2 of the joists 1.

Claims: A modular construction joist characterized in that it is made up of high-strenght plastic material being realized by injecting a plastic material and/or a further material into a mold, for instance polypropylene or Nylon in which a material like glass fibre has been embedded as a filler, said joist being particularly suitable for the realization of grids or closure members capable of supporting pedestrian or vehicle traffic, it having a body (101) whose lateral portion is in the shape of an isosceles trapezium or of a circle sector whose straight-line edge is turned upwards, and in that it is provided with ribs or stringers (201-301) on the upper edge as well as on the lower edge, which stringers give said body a transverse cross section in the shape of a I with the lower stringer that is of width preferably less than that of the upper stringer; parallelepipedal supports (401-401') with rectangular bases being provided on the two ends of the joist, said supports having the same width as that of the upper stringer and being aligned to the same, some raised portions (501-501') arranged symmetrically, counterposed and contained within the width of said upper stringer being provided below said upper stringer and integrally with the same as well as with the opposite sides of the body of the joists; pins (3-3') and conjugated seats (4-4') being provided on the sides of such raised portion as well as on the supports (401-401'); the complementary parts being obtained in recesses and in raised portions on the walls of the supports (401-401') and of the raised parts (501-501'), which are arranged in ideal planes parallel to the body (101), said complementary part being necessary for realizing the coupling of the joists in question with each other, said joists being arranged in parallel direction, one by the sides of the other, in contact with each other and all complanar with a stringer (201), so as to form structures of the desired sizes and capable of supporting pedestrian and vehicle traffic. A joist according to claim 1, characterized in that dowels can be placed as raised portions within the mold employed for forming the joist in question, said dowels giving rise on the sides of the upper stringer (201) of the joist itself to recessed portions (5) of a suitable shape and arranged symmetrically between the supports (401-401') and said raised portion (501-501'), the whole structure being so contructed that the closure member (S') made up of the joists so modified turns out to be provided with grid opening (5') whose ends are preferably rounded. A joist according to claim 1, wherein the seats (4-4') that house the pins (3-3') for realizing the connection of the joists to one another, do not go beyond the ideal extension of the body (101) of the joist itself, so as not to jeopardize the properties of mechanical strength of the joist itself. A joist according to claim 1, wherein the seats (4-4') and the pins (3-3') that cause the joists to couple to each other are staggered and are arranged on both sides of each joist, so as to give the structure formed by the composition of the joists themselves the maximum value of resistance to mechanical stresses, whichever their orientation with respect to such structure. A joist according to claim 1, characterized, in that the pins (3) and the seats (4) arranged on the supports (401-401') of the joist itself have a circular cross section, whereas the pins (3') and the intermediate seats (4') have cross section of a substantially elliptical shape, the major dimension being oriented upwards. An end joist characterized in that it is made up of high-strenght plastic material being realized by injecting a plastic material and/or a further material into a mold, for instance polypropylene or Nylon in which a material like glass fibre has been embedded as a filler, said joist being particularly suitable for the realizzation of grids or closure members capable of supporting pedestrian or vehicle traffic, it comprises pins (3-3') and seats (4-4'), it being used with intermediate joists according to the preceding claims, said end joist having said pins (3-3') and seats (4-4') only on the internal side which is intended for the coupling with one intermidiate joist, it is of parallelepipedal shape (1') which has the same cross section as that one of the end support (401-401') of the intermediate joists, and is further provided with lateral counterposed recessed portion (6-6') which are realized in order to render the structure lighter. An end joist according to claim 6, characterized in that for closed structures (S) it is provided at the top portion with at least a slot (7) through which a hook can be inserted into the underlying recessed portion (6') of the joist, said hook being hook being intended for hoisting the whole structure for removing the same from the respective frame (T). An end joist according to claim 6, characterized in that for grid-like structures (S') it is provided on the side facing the intermediate joists, with recessed portion (5) which are complementary to those provided on said joists for the formation of the grid openings (5'). A joist according to the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate joist (1) or the end joist (1') is provided on the lateral walls facing the supports frame (T) with small vertical ribs (2-8) performing the function of spacers in order to make it easier to install and to remove the structure made up of said joists onto the respective frame and from the same.

Inventors: SAVORANI SANDRA, SAVORANI, SANDRA
Applicants: EDIL PLAST SRL, EDIL PLAST S.R.L.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: E04C2
IPC codes: E03F5, E02D29, E04C2