Continuously variable traction roller transmission

Abstract: A continuously variable traction roller transmission comprises a casing (10), a hydraulic cylinder apparatus (302) for moving each pair of roller supporting members in an axial direction of rotation shanks (33), and a control valve apparatus (310) for adjusting hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder apparatus. A cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder apparatus and a valve body of the control valve apparatus are mounted to the casing separately, and not connected directly to each other.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a continuously variable traction roller transmission. Various kinds of continuously variable traction roller transmissions have been proposed up to the present. A continuously variable traction roller transmission according to the preambles of claims 1 or 2 is disclosed in JP-A-63130954. This known transmission has a casing and friction disks which are disposed within said casing, having a toroidal concavity defined therebetween in which traction rollers are arranged. The rollers are supported by a rotation shank, and a hydraulic cylinder apparatus is provided for moving each of the roller supporting members in the axial direction of said rotation shank. A control valve is provided for adjusting hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder apparatus. JP-U-62128262 discloses a continuously variable traction roller transmission which includes input and output disks, a pair of power rollers, and a pair of trunnions, the speed ratio being variable by axially actuating the trunnions, wherein axial displacement of the input and output disks due to disk thrust indispensable to power transmission is previously considered so as to set an original center of each trunnion shifted in the displacement direction. JP-U-6392859 discloses a continuously variable traction roller transmission which includes an input disk, an output disk, a traction roller, a roller support member, and a piston of a hydraulic cylinder, wherein lubrication oil passages are arranged for guiding oil within an oil chamber formed on one side of the piston to a position adjacent to the traction roller through the inside of roller support member. With such known continuously variable traction roller transmission, however, the valve body receiving a piston undergoes a great force due to reaction of hydraulic pressure operating on the piston. When undergoing a great force, the valve body will be deformed elastically, causing also deformation of the spool bore for receiving a plurality of spools. This results in obstruction of smooth operation of the spool(s), assuming a situation susceptible of occurrence of so-called valve sticking. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable traction roller transmission which is constructed to prevent a valve body of a control valve apparatus from undergoing a great force and to prevent valve sticking in a spool bore of the valve body. This object is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of independent claims 1 and 2. Preferred embodiments of the invention are subject matter of the dependent claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section illustrating a first preferred embodiment of a continuously variable traction roller transmission according to the present invention: Fig. 2 is a cross section taken along the line II - II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, taken along the line III - III of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a bottom view illustrating a casing of the continuously variable traction roller transmission as shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, illustrating a second preferred embodiment of a continuously variable traction roller transmission according to the present invention.. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, particularly to Fig. 1, a continuously variable traction roller transmission embodying the present invention includes a first continuously variable transmission unit 22, and a second continuously variable transmission unit 24 within a casing 10. The first continuously variable transmission unit 22 includes an input disc 26, an output disc 28, and a pair of traction rollers 30 for transmitting torque between the two. The input disc 26 and the output disc 28 have a contact surface with the traction rollers 30 in the shape of toroid, respectively. A rotational speed ratio of the input disc 26 and the output disc 28 can be continuously changed by altering a contact state of the input disc 26 and the output disc 28 with the traction rollers 30. Similarly, the second continuously variable transmission unit 24 includes an input disc 32, an output disc 34, and a pair of traction rollers 36. It is to be noted that the input and output discs 32, 34 of the second transmission unit 24 are arranged contrary to the input and output discs 26, 28 of the first transmission unit 22. That is, the two output discs 28 and 34 are arranged to be adjacent to each other. The input disc 26 is supported by an input shaft 38 at the outer periphery thereof through a ball spline. The input shaft 38 is operatively connected to a forward and reverse drive change-over mechanism, and a torque converter (not shown), thereby to receive engine torque. A cam flange 42 is arranged at the back of the input disc 26. A cam roller 46 is arranged between cam surfaces of the cam flange 42 and the input disc 26 which face each other. The cam roller 46 is so shaped as to generate a force to bias the input disc 26 toward the output disc 28 upon relative rotation between the input disc 26 and the cam flange 42. Similarly, the input disc 32 of the second continuously variable transmission unit 24 is connected to the input shaft 38 through a ball spline. The input disc 32 undergoes a force toward the output disc 34 from a disk plate 51 which in turn undergoes a compression from a loading nut 50 screwed to the input shaft 38. The output discs 28 and 34 of the first and second continuously variable transmission units 22 and 24 are rotatably supported on the input shaft 38 through needle bearings, respectively. A driving gear 55 is arranged to make unitary rotation with the output discs 28 and 34. The driving gear 55 is engaged with a follower 60 which is operatively connected to one end of a countershaft 59 arranged in parallel with the input shaft 38. A gear 61 as integrated with the countershaft 59 at the other end thereof is engaged with a gear 63 which is integrated with the output shaft 62 through an idler gear (not shown). Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a cross section of the first continuously variable transmission unit 22. It is to be noted that the second continuously variable transmission unit 24 is substantially the same in structure as the first continuously variable transmission unit 22. Each roller supporting member 83 is rotatably and vertically movably supported at upper and lower rotation shanks 83a and 83b by two spherical bearings 110 and 112. The spherical bearing 110 is supported by a link 114 which is in turn supported by a link post 116 fixed to the casing 10. Similarly, the spherical bearing 112 is supported by a link 118 which is in turn supported by a link post 120. The roller supporting member 83 includes an extension shank 83c which is arranged to be concentric with the rotation shank 83b. The extension shank 83c is so constructed as to make unitary rotation with the rotation shank 83b. A piston 124 is arranged to the extension shank 83c at the outer periphery thereof. The piston 124 is inserted in a piston bore 304 formed with a main cylinder body 302a which is mounted to the casing 10 by a bolt 300. Mounted to the main cylinder body 302a at the bottom thereof is an auxiliary cylinder body 302b which is screwed thereto through a separate plate 306 by the aforementioned bolt 300. The cylinder body 302 is constructed by the main cylinder body 302a, and the auxiliary cylinder body 302b. Thus, two hydraulic chambers are defined in the cylinder body 302 by the piston 124 which is vertically movable by hydraulic pressure operating thereon. A hydraulic cylinder apparatus is defined by the piston 124, and the piston bore 304 of the main cylinder body 302a. Referring to Fig. 4, there is shown the casing 10 as viewed from the bottom thereof. The main cylinder body 302a is mounted to the casing 10 on a bottom portion thereof having a cross-hatching in Fig. 4. Additionally, a valve body 310a is mounted to the casing 10 on a bottom portion thereof having a plurality of points in Fig. 4 (see also Fig. 3). Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, an auxiliary valve body 310b is mounted to the main valve body 310a on the top thereof through a separate plate 312. The valve body 310 is constructed by the main valve body 310a, and the auxiliary valve body 310b. Received in the main valve body 310a are a spool 316 of a shift control valve, a spool 317 of a manual valve, and the other spools (not shown). Similarly, a spool 319 of the other valve is received in the auxiliary valve body 310b. A control valve arrangement is constructed by the valve body 310, the spools received therein, etc. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the cylinder body 302 and the valve body 310 are mounted to the casing 10 separately, and not connected directly to each other. The extension shank 83c on the left as viewed in Fig. 3 is arranged to penetrate the main valve body 310a, and the auxiliary valve body 310b, and has a cam 320 at the lower end thereof, thereby to feed-back a gear ratio to the shift control valve. Next, the operation of the first preferred embodiment will be described. When the piston 124 is urged to vertically move by controlling hydraulic pressure within the two chambers defined in the cylinder body 302, the direction of a force which operates on the traction rollers 30 and 36 in a direction of tangent line is turned, rotating each roller supporting member 83 on the rotation shanks 83a and 83b, resulting in shifting. Upon shifting, the two chambers as defined in the cylinder body 302 undergoes high hydraulic pressure in such a manner, causing elastic deformation of the cylinder body 302. However, since the valve body 310 is not connected directly to the cylinder body 302, deformation of the cylinder body 302 fails to affect the valve body 310. Accordingly, the valve body 310 may not be deformed, preventing sticking of the spool(s) received therein. Referring to Fig. 5, in a second preferred embodiment, a valve body 350 and a cylinder body 352 are connected to each other by a bolt 356 which is arranged to penetrate the two through a separate plate 354. It is to be noted that the separate plate 354 has a bore to correspond to a portion of the cylinder body 352 receiving the piston 124. With regard to this portion, either the cylinder body 352 or the valve body 350 has a recess 360 to define a clearance between the two. That is, the cylinder body 352 and the valve body 350 are connected so that deformation of the cylinder body 352 by hydraulic pressure within the two chambers as defined in the cylinder body 352 fails to affect the valve body 350. Accordingly, in this second preferred embodiment, also, the valve body 350 may not be deformed, resulting in prevention of valve sticking.

Claims: A continuously variable traction roller transmission having a casing (10), discs (26,32,28,34) disposed within the casing (10), traction rollers (30,36) arranged between a toroidal concavity defined by the discs (26,32,28,34) for frictional engagement therewith, roller supporting members (83) for traction rollers (30,36) each having a rotation shank (83a,83b) and being rotatable thereon and movable in an axial direction thereof, a hydraulic cylinder apparatus for moving each of the roller supporting members (83) in the axial direction of the rotation shank (83a,83b), a cylinder body (302) for receiving the hydraulic cylinder apparatus and formed with a piston bore (304), a control valve for adjusting hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder apparatus and movable in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation shank (83a,83b), and a valve body (310) for receiving the control valve, characterized in that said cylinder body (302) is fixedly mounted to said casing (10) on a first portion thereof, and that said valve body (310) is fixedly mounted to said casing (10) on a second portion thereof, remote of said first portion. A continuously variable traction roller transmission having a casing (10), discs (26,32,28,34) disposed within the casing (10), traction rollers (30,36) arranged between a toroidal concavity defined by the discs (26,32,28,34) for frictional engagement therewith, roller supporting members (83) for traction rollers (30,36) each having a rotation shank (83a,83b) and being rotatable thereon and movable in an axial direction thereof, a hydraulic cylinder apparatus for moving each of the roller supporting members (83) in the axial direction of the rotation shank (83a,83b), a cylinder body (352) for receiving the hydraulic cylinder apparatus and formed with a piston bore (304), a control valve for adjusting hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder apparatus and movable in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation shank (83a,83b), and a valve body (350) for receiving the control valve, characterized in that said cylinder body (352) and said valve body (350) are mounted adjacent to each other, and that a clearance (360) is provided between said cylinder body (352) and said valve body (350) in the vicinity of said piston bore (304) of said cylinder body (352). A continuously variable tracton roller transmission as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said clearance (360) is defined by said cylinder body (352) having a recess. A continuously variable traction roller transmission as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said clearance (360) is defined by said valve body (350) having a recess.

Inventors: NAKANO MASAKI, NAKANO, MASAKI
Applicants: NISSAN MOTOR, NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: F16H15
IPC codes: F16H61, F16H15