OFFSET-BOOM CONSTRUCTION MACHINE

Abstract: An offset-boom construction machine, in which a stopper plate (13) as a safety device for a front working unit (30) is rotatably fixed to the front end bottom of a cylinder stay (5) with a pin (15) and is supported by an upper boom (4) at the rear end thereof so as to sway in association with the upper boom (4). The stopper plate (13) is in such a peripheral shape as comprising a first curved part (13a) to act as first stopping means and a second straight part (13b) to act as second stopping means. When a sway angle of the upper boom (4) is within a zone involving a risk of causing interference between the bucket (7) and the operator's cab (2) with an arm (6) fully dragged in, a side (6c) of the arm strikes said first curved part (13a) before occurrence of interference as above and mechanically prevents the arm from being dragged in further whereas, when the arm in a state where a sway angle of the upper boom is in a zone free of interference as above is dragged in and a dragged-in angle of the upper boom at this time is within a zone involving a risk of causing interference as above with the upper boom laterally swayed toward the operator's cab, the second part (13b) strikes a side (6d) of the arm before occurrence of said interference and mechanically prevents further sway of the upper room.

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an offset boom type construction machine, and more particularly to an offset boom type construction machine which has an offset boom capable of offsetting in a lateral direction and is suitable for carrying out such work as digging side trenches, etc. BACKGROUND ART As disclosed in JP, A, 57-174562, for example, an offset boom type construction machine is arranged such that a lower boom is attached to a body of the construction machine for a vertical pivotal movement, an upper boom is attached to a fore end of the lower boom for a lateral pivotal movement, and a cylinder stay is attached to a fore end of the upper boom for a lateral pivotal movement. The construction machine also comprises an offset boom which is capable of offsetting upon a lateral swing of the upper boom, an arm attached to the offset boom via the cylinder stay for a vertical pivotal movement, and a working attachment such as a bucket attached to a fore end of the arm. A cab is provided on the machine body laterally of the lower boom. In that offset boom type construction machine, when the arm is folded under a condition of the offset boom being made offset toward the cab side, or when the offset boom is made offset toward the cab side under a condition of the arm being maximally folded, there is a risk that the bucket may interfere with the cab. A safety device is, therefore, required to prevent the interference between the bucket and the cab. Conventional safety devices for that purpose are divided into mechanical ones and electro-hydraulic ones. As disclosed in JP, A, 2-37953, one of the known mechanical safety devices comprises a stopper in the form of a long plate having an elongate hole bored in one end and a usual pin hole bored in the other end, the stopper being attached to and along an offset cylinder by the use of joint pins at both ends of the offset cylinder. With this structure, when the offset cylinder is extended and contracted, the upper boom is swung laterally and, simultaneously, the joint pin is moved along the elongate hole. The sizes of the stopper and the elongate hole are here so selected as to prevent the upper boom from approaching the cab side beyond a certain angle, whereby the bucket is kept from entering a risky range of possible interference with the cab. However, since the above prior art is constructed to impede a lateral swing of the upper boom under restriction imposed by the stopper, the upper boom can be in no way swung to the same side as the cab. In an attempt to perform work while offsetting the offset boom to the same side as the cab, the stopper must be removed away before starting the work. The removal of the stopper means disassembly of the safety device, hence the safety device can no longer operate. Accordingly, the work is quite dangerous. It is an object of the present invention to provide an offset boom type construction machine with which an offset boom can be made offset toward the cab side and a working attachment can be prevented from interfering with a cab. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided safety means including first stopper means attached to be moved in union with an upper boom, and arranged such that when an offset position of an offset boom is within a range of possible interference between a working attachment and a cab upon an arm being maximally folded, the first stopper means strikes against the arm before the occurrence of such interference, whereby further folding of the arm is mechanically limited. With this arrangement, when the arm is folded under a condition that the offset boom is made offset toward the cab side, the working attachment can be prevented from interfering with the cab. Preferably, the safety means further includes second stopper means arranged such that when a folded position of the arm is within a range of possible interference between the working attachment and the cab upon the upper boom being swung laterally toward the cab, the second stopper means mechanically restricts relative rotation between the cylinder stay and the upper boom before the occurrence of such interference, thereby limiting a further swing of the upper boom toward the cab in a mechanical manner. With this arrangement, when the upper boom is swung toward the cab under a condition that the arm is being maximally folded, the working attachment can be prevented from hitting on the cab. Preferably, the first and second stopper means have a common stopper plate attached for movement in union with the upper boom, and the stopper plate has an outer peripheral configuration including a first region positioned to strike against an inner belly portion of the arm when the arm is folded, and a second region positioned to strike against a side portion of the arm when the upper boom is swung toward the cab under a condition of the arm being folded, the first region of the stopper plate serving as the first stopper means, the second region of the stopper plate serving as the second stopper means. The stopper plate is preferably attached to a lower surface of the cylinder stay rotatably in response to a swing of the upper boom. Preferably also, the first stopper means has a stopper plate attached for movemen in union with the upper boom, and first rolling means provided on one of the stopper plate and the inner belly portion of the arm and being capable of rolling in response to lateral relative movement between the upper boom and the arm under a condition that further folding of the arm is limited. With this arrangement, when the upper boom is swung laterally under a condition of the first rolling means being kept abutted against the inner belly portion of the arm or the stopper plate, the first rolling means is caused to roll along the inner belly portion of the arm or the stopper plate. Therefore, the mutually abutting portions therebetween develop small friction, wear off to a quite small extent, and thus will not be scraped off, resulting in the prolonged service life and the smooth operation. Preferably further, the first and second stopper means have a common stopper plate attached for movement in union with the upper boom, first rolling means provided on one of the stopper plate and the inner belly portion of the arm and being capable of rolling in response to lateral relative movement between the upper boom and the arm under a condition that further folding of the arm is limited, and second rolling means provided on one of the stopper plate and the side portion of the arm and being capable of rolling in response to back-and-forth relative movement between the upper boom and the arm under a condition that a further swing of the upper boom is limited. With this arrangement, in addition to the above operation of the first rolling means, the second rolling means operates as follows. When the arm is swung back and forth under a condition of the second rolling means being kept abutted against the side portion of the arm or the stopper plate, the second rolling means is caused to roll along the side portion of the arm or the stopper plate. Therefore, the mutually abutting portions therebetween also develop small friction, wear off to a quite small extent, and thus will not be scraped off, resulting in the prolonged service life and the smooth operation. In the above case, the first and second rolling means may have a common rolling member. The first and second rolling means may be provided on the stopper plate. In this case, preferably, a boundary corner between the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm against which the first and second rolling means are abutted, is chamfered or formed into a curved surface. With this arrangement, when the stopper means is moved relatively with respect to the boundary corner between the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm, the first or second rolling member rides over the boundary corner between the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm, for example, while continuing the rolling. This results in a less wear of the corner and the smooth operation. Further, the first and second rolling means may be provided on the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm, respectively. While the first and second stopper means are preferably arranged to directly abut against the arm, the mutual abutment therebetween may be effected via an auxiliary member such as a link. For example, the first and second stopper means may also have a link interposed between the common stopper plate and the arm and pivotally connected to the cylinder stay, the first region of the stopper plate may strike against the inner belly portion of the arm through the link when the arm is folded, and the second region of the stopper plate may strike against a lateral surface of the link when the upper boom is swung toward the cab under a condition of the arm being folded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view of an offset boom type construction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a side view showing a different operating state of the offset boom type construction machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the construction machine. Figs. 4(A) and 4(B) are views showing a principal part of the construction machine and are a sectional view taken along line IVA - IVA in Fig. 1 and a sectional view taken along line IVB - IVB in Fig. 2, respectively. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V - V in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a side view of a safety device section of an offset boom type construction machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a bottom view of a safety device section of an offset boom type construction machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a side view, partially sectioned, of a safety device section of an offset boom type construction machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX - IX in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a side view of an offset boom type construction machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 11(A) and 11(B) are views showing a principal part of the construction machine of Fig. 10 and are a sectional view taken along line XIA - XIA in Fig. 10 and a sectional view similar to Fig. 4(B), respectively. Figs. 12 and 13 are views showing a principal part, different in the form, of an offset boom type construction machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a view showing a principal part of an offset boom type construction'machine according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to Figs. 4(A) and 4 (B). In Figs. 1 to 3, denoted at reference numeral 1 is a body of a construction machine. A front working equipment 30 is mounted on a body 1 at a central portion of its front end, and a cab 2 is installed laterally of the front working equipment 30. The front working equipment 30 includes an offset boom 31 having a lower boom 3, an upper boom 4 and a cylinder stay 5, as well as an arm 6 and a bucket 7. The lower boom 3 is attached at its base end to the front end of the body 1 by a lateral pin for a vertical pivotal movement, so that the lower boom 3 is swung vertically with operation of a boom cylinder 8. The upper boom 4 is attached at its base end to a fore end of the lower boom 3 by a vertical pin for a lateral pivotal movement, so that the upper boom 4 is swung laterally with operation of an offset cylinder 9. The lateral swing of the upper boom 4 causes the offset boom 31 to offset sideways. The boom cylinder 8 has opposite ends which are pivotally connected to the body 1 at the central portion of its front end and a back surface of the lower boom 3 at the fore end portion thereof, respectively. The offset cylinder 9 has opposite ends which are pivotally connected to a bracket 3a on a side surface of the lower boom 3 at the fore end portion thereof and a bracket 4a on a side surface of the upper boom 4 at the central portion thereof, respectively. The cylinder stay 5 has a rear portion bifurcated in the vertical direction, and is attached to a fore end of the upper arm 4 by a vertical pin 15 (see Figs. 4(A) and 4(B)) for a lateral pivotal movement. A fore end portion of the cylinder stay 5 is formed by a pair of left and right two side plates in a bifurcated shape with a tail portion having a U-shaped cross-section and extending rearwardly from an upper fore end portion of the cylinder stay 5. As shown in Fig. 3, the cylinder stay 5 is also coupled to the lower boom 3 by a rod 12. The rod 12 has opposite ends which are pivotally connected to a bracket 3b on a side surface of the lower boom 3 at the fore end portion thereof and a bracket 5a on a side surface of the cylinder stay 5 at the fore end portion thereof, respectively. The rod 12, the lower boom 3, the upper boom 4 and the cylinder stay 5 cooperatively constitute a parallel link mechanism. Through this parallel link mechanism, when the upper boom 4 is swung laterally upon extension and contraction of the offset cylinder 9, the cylinder stay 5 is moved laterally while keeping a parallel relation to the lower boom 3. The arm 6 has a base end portion attached to the bifurcated fore end portion of the cylinder stay 5 by a lateral pin for a vertical pivotal movement, so that the arm 6 is swung vertically with operation of an arm cylinder 10. The arm cylinder 10 has opposite ends which are pivotally connected to a rear end of the U-shaped tail portion of the cylinder stay 5 and a bracket 6a at a rear end of the arm 6, respectively. The bucket 7 is of the box-like structure and serves as a working attachment adapted to perform digging and loading of earth and sand. The bucket 7 is attached to a fore end of the arm 6 by a laterl pin for a vertical pivotal movement, so that the bucket 7 is swung vertically with operation of a bucket cylinder 11. The bucket cylinder 11 has opposite ends which are pivotally connected to a bracket 6b at the rear end of the arm 6 on its back side and a link mechanism 7a provided on both the fore end portion of the arm 6 and the bucket 7, respectively. On the lower surface of the cylinder stay 5 at its fore end portion, as shown in Figs. 4(A) and 4(B), a camlike stopper plate 13 is rotatably attached as a safety device for the front working equipment 30 by the aforesaid vertical pin 15. The stopper plate 13 has a rear end portion bifurcated as shown in Fig. 5 with a lower fore end portion of the upper boom 4 being fitted into a recess of the bifurcated rear end portion. The stopper plate 13 is thereby supported with respect to a lateral swing of the upper boom 4 such that the stopper plate 13 is swung in union with the upper boom 4. Further, as shown in Figs. 4(A) and 4(B), the stopper plate 13 has an outer peripheral configuration comprising a first curved region 13a which functions as first stopper means, and a second linear region 13b which functions as second stopper means. More specifically, the configuration and size of the first region 13a of the stopper plate 13 are set as follows. When a swing angle of the upper boom 4, i.e., an offset position of the offset boom 31, is within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7A in Fig. 3 upon the arm 6 being maximally folded, an inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 folded in the direction of arrow A strikes against the first region 13a before the occurrence of such interference, as shown in Figs. 4(A) and 1, whereby further folding of the arm 6 is mechanically limited. On the other hand, when the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other even upon the arm 6 being maximally folded, the stopper plate 13 will not strike against the arm 6 until reaching a maximum folding angle thereof, as shown in Figs. 4(B) and 2, whereby the arm 6 can be folded up to the maximum folding angle. Note that LA in Figs. 4(A) and 1 stands for the distance between the pin 15 and the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 when the arm 6 is limited in its folding angle, while LB in Figs. 4(B) and 2 stands for the distance between the pin 15 and the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 when the arm 6 is being maximally folded. Further, the configuration and size of the second region 13b of the stopper plate 13 are set as follows. When the arm 6 is folded from a condition that the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other and a folding angle of the arm 6, i.e., a folded position thereof, comes into within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7B in Fig. 3 upon the upper boom 4 being swung laterally toward the cab side, the second region 13b of the stopper plate 13 swung in the direction of arrow B together with the upper boom 4 strikes against a side portion 6d of the arm 6 before the occurrence of such interference, as shown in Figs. 4(B) and 2, whereby relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4 is mechanically restricted to limit a further swing of the upper boom 4. On the other hand, when the folding angle of the arm 6 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other even upon the upper boom 4 being swung laterally toward the cab side, the second region 13b of the stopper plate 13 swung in the direction of arrow B together with the upper boom 4 will not strike against the arm 6, whereby any lateral swing of the upper boom 4 is not limited. With this embodiment thus constructed, in the case of maximally lifting the lower boom 3 and maximally folding the arm 6 toward the cylinder stay 5 so as to attain a minimum turn radius of the front working equipment 30 with an intention of reducing a turn radius of the construction machine as far as possible, when the offset position of the offset boom 31, i.e., the swing angle of the upper boom 4, is within a range in which the bucket 7 will not hit on the cab 2 all over its lateral width, and hence there is no risk of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2, the arm 6 can be maximally folded to provide the minimum turn radius as usual, as shown in Figs. 4(B) and 2. On the other hand, when the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a risky range in which a part or the whole of the width of the bucket 7 overlaps with the cab 2 and the bucket 7 would interfere with the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7A in Fig. 3, further folding of the arm 6 from that condition causes the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 to strike against the first region 13a of the stopper plate 13 as shown in Figs. 4(A) and 1, so that such further folding of the arm 6 is mechanically limited to prevent the bucket 7 from hitting on a top portion of the cab 2. Further, when the upper boom 4 is swung toward the cab 2 from a condition that the arm 6 is so largely folded as to locate the bucket 7 laterally of the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7B in Fig. 3, the second region 13b of the stopper plate 13 strikes against the side portion 6d of the arm 6 as shown in Fig. 4(B), so that relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4 is mechanically restricted to limit a further swing of the upper boom 4, with a result of that the bucket 7 can be prevented from hitting on the flank of the cab 2. With this embodiment, therefore, it is possible to swing the upper boom 4 even to the same side as the cab for securing a wide area of working, and also prevent the bucket 7 from hitting on the cab 2 when the bucket 7 is within a risky range of possible interference with the cab, thereby ensuring a high degree of safety. Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. 6 to 9. These embodiments adopt, as safety means, the first and second stopper means constructed differently from each other. Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which a stopper plate 16 is rotatably attached to the lower surface of the cylinder stay 5 by the pin 15, and has a rear end portion coupled by a lateral pin 17 to a bracket 4b provided on the fore end portion of the upper boom 4 so that the stopper plate 16 may be swung in union with a lateral swing of the upper boom 4. A front end portion of the stopper plate 16 has the three-dimensional configuration and size such that it comprises a first region 16a striking against the inner belly portion of the arm 6 to limit the folding of the arm 6, and a second region 16b striking against the side portion of the arm 6 to limit the swing of the upper boom 4. These first and second regions 16a, 16b are arranged essentially equivalently to the first and second regions 13a, 13b of the stopper plate 13 in the first embodiment. The stopper plate 16 in this embodiment also functions as the first and second stopper means in essentially the same manner as the stopper plate 13 in the first embodiment, and thus provides the similar operating advantage to the first embodiment. Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention in which a stopper plate 18 is rotatably attached to the lower surface of the cylinder stay 5 by the pin 15, and has a rear end portion coupled to the rod 12 by pins 20 and 21 via a link 19. Since the rod 12 is moved in union with the upper boom 4 as mentioned before, such link coupling of the rear end portion of the stopper plate 18 to the rod 12 permits the stopper plate 18 to move in union with the upper boom 4. Additionally, the stopper plate 18 has first and second regions 18a, 18b arranged similarly to the first and second regions 13a, 13b of the stopper plate 13 in the first embodiment. The stopper plate 18 thus arranged also functions as the first and second stopper means in the same manner as the stopper plate 13 in the first embodiment, and thus provides the similar operating advantage to the first embodiment. Figs. 8 and 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a stopper plate 22 has the same structure as the stopper 16 in the second embodiment, but a link 23 is interposed between the bifurcated fore end portion of the cylinder stay 5 and the arm 6. The link 23 has an upper end portion pivotally attached by a lateral pin 24 to the cylinder stay 5 in a swingable manner to-and-fro thereof, and a lower end portion comprising a region 23a striking against the inner belly portion of the arm 6, a region 23b striking against a first region 22a of the stopper plate 22, and a region 23c striking against a second region 22b of the stopper plate 22. Also, a spring 25 is disposed between an intermediate portion of the link 23 and the bifurcated portion of the cylinder stay 5 for biasing the link 23 in a direction away from the stopper plate 22. Further, the upper end portion of the link 23 includes a stopper 23d striking against the bifurcated portion of the cylinder stay 5 to limit a forward swing of the link 23 within a certain angle. When the offset position of the offset boom 31 is within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 upon the arm 6 being maximally folded, the inner belly portion of the arm 6 strikes against the region 23a of the link 23 and the spring 25 is compressed by being pushed by the link 23 at the beginning of the process of folding the arm 6, following which the region 23b of the link 23 strikes against the first region 22a of the stopper plate 22, whereby further folding of the arm 6 is mechanically limited to prevent interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2. Accordingly, the first region 22a of the stopper plate 22 and the regions 23a, 23b of the link 23 cooperatively constitute the first stopper means adapted to limit the folding of the arm. Meanwhile, when the arm 6 is folded from a condition that the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other and the folding angle of the arm 6, i.e., the folded position thereof, comes into within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 upon the upper boom 4 being further swung laterally toward the cab side, the second region 22b of the stopper plate 22 strikes against the lateral surface 23c of the link 23, whereby relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4 is mechanically restricted to limit a further swing of the upper boom 4. On the other hand, when the folding angle of the arm 6 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other even upon the upper boom 4 being further swung laterally toward the cab side, the link 23 is pushed by the spring 25 to depart from the stopper plate 22 and the second region 22b of the stopper plate 22 is positioned not to strike against the link region 23c, so that any lateral swing of the upper boom 4 is not limited. In this way, the second region 22b of the stopper plate 22 and the region 23c of the link 23 cooperatively constitute the second stopper means adapted to mechanically limit the swing of the upper boom 4 toward the cab side, because the former strikes against the latter for mechanically restricting relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4. Accordingly, this embodiment can also provide the similar operating advantage to the first embodiment. Still other embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. 10 to 14. These embodiments also adopt, as safety means, the first and second stopper means constructed differently from each other. Figs. 10, 11(A) and 11(B) show a fifth embodiment of the present invention in which a stopper plate 113 is attached, as the safety device for the front working equipment 30, to the lower surface of the cylinder stay 5 at its fore end portion by the aforesaid pin 15 and another pin 116 in a manner rotatable together with the upper boom 4. As seen from Figs. 11(A) and 11(B), the stopper plate 113 has a projection 113a formed to be offset with respect to the upper boom 4, and a rolling member 113c in the form of a roller is rotatably attached to a fore end of the projection 113a by a pin 113b. The rolling member 113c and the projection 113a of the stopper plate 113 function as the first stopper means for mechanically restricting the folding of the arm 6. To put it in more detail, when the swing angle of the upper boom 4, i.e., the offset position of the offset boom 31, is within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 upon the arm 6 being maximally folded as indicated by reference character 7A in Fig. 3, the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 folded in the direction of arrow A strikes against the rolling member 113c before the occurrence of such interference, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11(A), whereby further folding of the arm 6 is mechanically limited. In addition, the configuration and size of the rolling member 113c and the projection 113a of the stopper plate 113 are set such that when the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other even upon the arm 6 being maximally folded, the rolling member 113c will not strike against the arm 6 until reaching the maximum folding angle thereof, as shown in Fig. 11(B), whereby the arm 6 can be folded up to the maximum folding angle. Note that LA in Figs. 10 and 11(A) stands for the distance between the pin 15 and the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 when the arm 6 is limited in its folding angle, while LB in Fig. 11(B) stands for the distance between the pin 15 and the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 when the arm 6 is being maximally folded. Further, the rolling member 113c and the projection 113a of the stopper plate 113 also function as the second stopper means for mechanically restricting the swing of the upper boom 4. To put it in more detail, when the arm 6 is folded from a condition that the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other and the folding angle of the arm 6, i.e., the folded position thereof, comes into within a risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 upon the upper boom 4 being further swung laterally toward the cab side as indicated by reference character 7B in Fig. 3, the rolling member 113c strikes against the side portion 6d of the arm 6 before the occurrence of such interference, as shown in Fig. 11(B), whereby relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4 is mechanically restricted to limit a further swing of the upper boom 4. In addition, the configuration and size of the rolling member 113c and the projection 113a of the stopper plate 113 are set such that when the folding angle of the arm 6 is within a range in which the bucket 7 and the cab 2 will never interfere with each other even upon the upper boom 4 being further swung laterally toward the cab side, the rolling member 113c swung in the direction of arrow B together with the upper boom 4 will not strike against the arm 6, whereby any lateral swing of the upper boom 4 is not limited. With this embodiment thus constructed, in the case of maximally lifting the lower boom 3 and maximally folding the arm 6 toward the operator so as to attain the minimum turn radius of the front working equipment 30 with an intention of reducing the turn radius of the construction machine as far as possible, when the offset position of the offset boom 31, i.e., the swing angle of the upper boom 4, is within a range in which the bucket 7 will not hit on the cab 2 all over its lateral width, and hence there is no risk of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2, the arm 6 can be maximally folded to provide the minimum turn radius as usual, as shown in Fig. 11(B) and Fig. 2 explained before. On the other hand, when the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a risky range in which a part or the whole of the width of the bucket 7 overlaps with the cab 2 and the bucket 7 would interfere with the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7A in Fig. 3, further folding of the arm 6 from that condition causes the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 to strike against the rolling member 113c now serving as the first stopper means as shown in Figs. 10 and 11(A), so that, such further folding of the arm 6 is mechanically limited to prevent the bucket 7 from hitting on the top portion of the cab 2. Further, when the upper boom 4 is swung toward the cab 2 from a condition that the arm 6 is so largely folded as to locate the bucket 7 laterally of the cab 2 as indicated by reference character 7B in Fig. 3, the rolling member 113c now serving as the second stopper means strikes against the side portion 6d of the arm 6 as shown in Fig. 11(B), so that relative rotation between the cylinder stay 5 and the upper boom 4 is mechanically restricted to limit a further swing of the upper boom 4, with a result of that the bucket 7 can be prevented from hitting on the flank of the cab 2. With this embodiment, therefore, it is possible to swing the upper boom 4 even to the same side as the cab for securing a wide area of working, and also prevent the bucket 7 from hitting on the cab 2 when the bucket 7 is within a risky range of possible interference with the cab, thereby ensuring a high degree of safety, similarly to the first embodiment. Additionally, with this embodiment, since the rolling member 113c is provided at the fore end of the projection 113a of the stopper plate 113 as stated before, the rolling member 113c is caused to roll along the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6 when the upper boom 4 is swung laterally under a condition that the rolling member 113c now serving as the first stopper means is kept abutted against the inner belly portion 6c of the arm 6, as shown in Fig. 11(A). Therefore, the mutually abutting portions therebetween develop small friction, wear off to a quite small extent, and thus will not be scraped off. As a result, the service life is prolonged and the operation is smoothed. Moreover, since the rolling member 113c is caused to roll along the side portion 6d of the arm 6 when the arm 6 is swung to-and-fro under a condition that the rolling member 113c now serving as the second stopper means is kept abutted against the side portion 6d of the arm 6 as shown in Fig. 11(B), the mutually abutting portions therebetween also develop small friction, wear off to a quite small extent, and thus will not be scraped off. As a result, the service life is prolonged and the operation is smoothed. In particular, when the mutually abutting portions between the rolling member 113c and the arm 6 are operated to shift from the inner belly portion 6c to the side portion 6d of the arm, or vice versa, i.e., when the mutually abutting portions between the rolling member 113c and the arm 6 are operated to shift from the side portion 6d to the inner belly portion 6c of the arm, the rolling member 113c rides over a boundary corner between the inner belly portion 6c and the side portion 6d of the arm, while continuing the rolling. Consequently, the corner is less worn and the operation is smoothed. Figs. 12 and 13 show different forms of a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the corner of the arm is chamfered or formed into a smooth curved surface. More specifically, in Fig. 12, a chamfered surface 6e is formed at the boundary corner between the inner belly portion 6c and the side portion 6d of the arm 6. In Fig. 13, a curved surface 6f is formed at the boundary corner between the inner belly portion 6c and the side portion 6d of the arm 6. With those forms of this embodiment, the operation of the rolling member 113c riding over the boundary corner between the inner belly portion 6c and the side portion 6d of the arm 6 is further smoothed. A seventh embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 14. While the single rolling member is used as rolling means in the above embodiments, the rolling member may be provided plural in number and may have any other shape such as spherical, needle-like or conical one than the form of a roller so long as it can roll over the arm surfaces. Also, while the rolling member is attached to the side of the stopper plate 113 in the above embodiments, it may be provided on the side of the arm 6. This embodiment represents a modification in this respect. More specifically, in Fig. 4, a liner plate 117c is attached to and over the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm 6. Then, a plurality of spherical or needle-like rolling members 117a are buried as first rolling means in the region of the liner plate 117c corresponding to the inner belly portion of the arm 6, and a plurality of spherical or needle-like rolling members 117b are buried as second rolling means in the region of the liner plate 117c corresponding to the side portion of the arm 6. This embodiment can also provide the similar operating advantage to the above embodiments. It should be understood that while the stopper plate is supported to the fore end of the upper boom 4 by being rotatably attached to the fore end portion of the cylinder stay 5 by the pin 15 in the above embodiments, the stopper plate may be mounted in any other suitable manners such as being welded or screwed to the fore end portion of the upper boom 4, because it is only required to move in union with the swing of the upper boom 4. The risky range of possible interference between the bucket 7 and the cab 2 may be set with a somewhat allowance relative to the margin. Further, the above embodiments are arranged such that when the swing angle of the upper boom 4 is within a range in which the bucket 7 will never interfere with the cab 2 upon the arm 6 being folded, the first stopper means will not strike against the arm 6 until the arm 6 reaches the maximum folding angle not to mechanically limit the folding of the arm 6. In this case, however, the folding of the arm 6 may be limited within a particular range so as to prevent the arm 6 from being folded up to the maximum folding angle, taking into account interference between the bucket 7 and other member than the cab 2, for example, interference between the bucket 7 and a crawler. Additionally, although the above explanation is made by referring to the front working equipment provided with the bucket, the present invention is also similarly applicable to those front working equipment provided with any other working attachments in place of the bucket. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY (1) According to the present invention, it is possible to swing the upper boom even to the same side as the cab for securing a wide area of working, and also prevent the working attachment from hitting on the cab when the working attachment is within a risky range of possible interference with the cab, thereby ensuring a high degree of safety. (2) The mutually abutting portions between the first and second stopper means and the arm are less worn, which results in the prolonged service life. Particularly, the boundary (corner) between the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm, as well as the corners of the stopper means are less worn. (3) The operation is smoothed in swinging the upper boom laterally under a condition that the inner belly portion of the arm is kept abutted against the first stopper means. (4) The operation is smoothed in swinging the arm to-and-fro under a condition that the side portion of the arm is kept abutted against the second stopper means. (5) The operation is smoothed in the above (3) and (4), particularly when the abutment portions of the first and second stopper means ride over the boundary (corner) between the inner belly portion and the side portion of the arm.

Claims: An offset boom type construction machine comprising a front working equipment (30) and a cab (2) provided on a body (1) of said construction machine, said front working equipment (30) including an offset boom (31) having a lower boom (3) attached to said machine body (1) for a vertical pivotal movement, an upper boom (4) attached to a fore end of said lower boom for a lateral pivotal movement, and a cylinder stay (5) attached to a fore end of said upper boom for a lateral pivotal movement, said offset boom being capable of offsetting upon a lateral swing of said upper boom; an arm (6) attached to said cylinder stay for a vertical pivotal movement; and a working attachment (7) attached to a fore end of said arm, wherein: said construction machine comprises safety means including first stopper means (13, 13a) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4) and arranged such that when an offset position of said offset boom (31) is within a range of possible interference between said working attachment (7) and said cab (2) upon said arm (6) being maximally folded, said first stopper means strikes against said arm before the occurrence of such interference, whereby further folding of said arm is mechanically limited. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said first stopper means (13, 13a) is arranged such that when the offset position of said offset boom (31) is within a range in which said working attachment(7) and said cab (2) will never interfere with each other even upon said arm (6) being maximally folded, said first stopper means will not strike against said arm until reaching a maximum folding angle of said arm, whereby any folding of said arm is not mechanically limited. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said first stopper means has a stopper plate (13) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4), and said stopper plate has an outer peripheral configuration including a first region (13a) positioned to strike against an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) when said arm is folded. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said safety means further includes second stopper means (13, 13b) arranged such that when a folded position of said arm is within a range of possible interference between said working attachment (7) and said cab (2) upon said upper boom (4) being swung laterally toward said cab, said second stopper means mechanically restricts relative rotation between said cylinder stay and said upper boom before the occurrence of such interference, thereby limiting a further swing of said upper boom toward said cab in a mechanical manner, and when the folded position of said arm (6) is within a range in which said working attachment (7) and said cab (2) will never interfere with each other even upon said upper boom (4) being swung laterally toward said cab, said second stopper means does not to mechanically limit any transverse swing of said upper boom (4). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 4, wherein said first and second stopper means have a common stopper plate (13) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4), and said stopper plate has an outer peripheral configuration including a first region (13a) positioned to strike against an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) when said arm is folded, and a second region (13b) positioned to strike against a side portion (6d) of said arm when said upper boom is swung toward said cab (2) under a condition of said arm being folded, the first region of said stopper plate serving as said first stopper means, the second region of said stopper plate serving as said second stopper means. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 3 or 5, wherein said stopper plate (13) is attached to a lower surface of said cylinder stay (5) rotatably in response to a swing of said upper boom (4). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said first stopper means has a stopper plate (113, 113a) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4), and first rolling means (113c) provided on one of said stopper plate and an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) and being capable of rolling in response to lateral relative movement between said upper boom and said arm under a condition that further folding of said arm is limited. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 4, wherein said first and second stopper means have a common stopper plate (113, 113a) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4), first rolling means (113c) provided on one of said stopper plate and an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) and being capable of rolling in response to lateral relative movement between said upper boom and said arm under a condition that further folding of said arm is limited, and second rolling means (113c) provided on one of said stopper plate and a side portion (6d) of said arm and being capable of rolling in response to back-and-forth relative movement between said upper boom and said arm under a condition that a further swing of said upper boom is limited. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 8, wherein said first and second rolling means have a common rolling member (113c). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 8, wherein said first and second rolling means (113c) are provided on said stopper plate (113, 113a). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 10, wherein a chamfered surface (6e) is provided at a boundary corner between the inner belly portion (6c) and the side portion (6d) of said arm (6) against which said first and second rolling means (113c) are abutted. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 10, wherein a curved surface (6f) is provided at a boundary corner between the inner belly portion (6c) and the side portion (6d) of said arm (6) against which said first and second rolling means (113c) are abutted. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 8, wherein said first and second rolling means (117a, 117b) are provided on the inner belly portion (6c) and the side portion (6d) of said arm (6), respectively. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 3, wherein said first stopper means also has a link (23) interposed between said stopper plate (22) and said arm (6), and the first region (22a) of said stopper plate strikes against an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) through said link (23) when said arm is folded. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 4, wherein said first and second stopper means also have a link (23) interposed between said common stopper plate (22) and said arm (6) and pivotally connected to said cylinder stay, the first region (22a) of said stopper plate strikes against an inner belly portion (6c) of said arm (6) via said link (23) when said arm is folded, and the second region (22b) of said stopper plate strikes against a lateral surface (23c) of said link (23) when said upper boom is swung toward said cab (2) in a condition of said arm being folded. An offset boom type construction machine comprising a front working equipment (30) and a cab (2) provided on a body (1) of an excavator, said front working equipment (30) including an offset boom (31) having a lower boom (3) attached to said excavator body (1) for a vertical pivotal movement, an upper boom (4) attached to a fore end of said lower boom for a lateral pivotal movement, and a cylinder stay (5) attached to a fore end of said upper boom for a lateral pivotal movement, said offset boom being capable of offsetting upon a lateral swing of said upper boom; an arm (6) attached to said cylinder stay for a vertical pivotal movement; and a working attachment (7) attached to a fore end of said arm, wherein: said construction machine comprises stopper means (13, 13a, 13c) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4) and arranged to selectively strike against said arm (6) depending on an offset position of said offset boom (31) and a folded position of said arm (6) for thereby mechanically limiting a movable range of said front working equipment (30) when the offset position of said offset boom and/or the folded position of said arm is within a range of possible interference between said working attachment (7) and said cab (2). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 16, wherein said first stopper means has a stopper plate (113, 113a) attached for movement in union with said upper boom (4), and rolling means (113c) provided on one of said stopper plate and said arm (6) and being capable of rolling in response to relative movement between said upper boom and said arm. An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 17, wherein said rolling means (113c) is provided on said stopper plate (113, 113a). An offset boom type construction machine according to claim 17, wherein said rolling means (117a, 117b) is provided on an inner belly portion (6c) and a side portion (6d) of said arm (6).

Inventors: HASEGAWA TOSHIO KOMABA, OGASAWARA MANABU - SHIMOINAYOS, HASEGAWA, TOSHIO, 1300, KOMABA, OGASAWARA, MANABU, 3189-13, SHIMOINAYOSHI
Applicants: HITACHI CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY, HITACHI CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CO., LTD.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: E02F3
IPC codes: E02F3, E02F9