Video signal display

Abstract: An interactive high definition display system generates (48) its own graphics display data, accepts multiple video signals (12) and graphics display signals (16, 20) based upon multiple standards, and selectively produces therefrom an integrated video and graphics display featuring multiple images or compositing. The incoming video signals (12) are decoded (30) into corresponding RGB signals, digitised (30) and written into memory (30). The incoming and internally generated graphics display data signals are also written into memory (42). According to preprogrammed instructions, or interactively according to instructions received via a computer interface (46), an integrated, multiple image or composite display pattern with both active video and graphics display images can be generated by selecting from and arranging for display the stored video and graphics display data, and viewed on a high definition display or stored on a high definition video tape recorder.

Description: This invention relates to video and graphics display systems. As applications for video and graphics display systems have become more varied and more sophisticated, the limitations of existing display systems have become more burdensome. In particular, many different applications for video and graphics display systems require an integrated, multiple image or composite display pattern with both active video and graphics display images. Furthermore, the video and graphics information to be displayed is frequently based upon multiple standards (e.g., NTSC, PAL, SECAM, 1125/60 SMPTE 240M, etc.). Moreover, even once displayed, the video and graphics information must typically be updated, changed or otherwise manipulated on a real-time basis. Examples of such applications include: post-production editing of film and television recordings where multiple images from multiple cameras must be edited together; multi-media workstations where both video and graphics information must be somehow combined for viewing; and "situation rooms", such as those used by governmental or military agencies, where video and graphics information available from numerous sources (e.g., airborne cameras, radar, satellite photographs, etc.) must be viewed together. Currently, such simultaneous viewing of multiple video and graphics images must be done by using multiple, individual display devices (e.g., cathode ray tubes, liquid crystal displays, etc.), particularly when the video and graphics information to be displayed is based upon multiple standards. Furthermore, even if the video and graphics information to be displayed is based upon a single standard, simultaneous display on a single display device typically results in a poor, low resolution display. IEEE/IEICE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, vol. 2, 15-18 November 1987. Tokyo, JP, XP000012688, pages 731-739; A. FARNANDEZ et al.: "A raster assembly processor (RAP) for integrated HDTV display of video and image windows", discloses a video and graphics display system according to the pre-characterising part of claim 1 hereof, namely a system that comprises: input video signal processing means for receiving plural input video signals, digitising them to form respective digital RGB component signals, and storing the digital RGB component signals; a source of graphics data signals; graphics data storage means for storing the graphics data signals; and display signal selector and arranger means for selecting from among the stored digital RGB component signals and the stored graphics data signals and for arranging the selected signals in a pattern which can be displayed on a single monitor. The RAP disclosed in the Fernandez et al article comprises video input interfaces that receive input video signals which are of 525 line format and in component (RGB) form. Respective analogue to digital converters digitise the respective input signals. A specified sampling frequency is used for each component. The sampling frequency is locked to the horizontal frequency of the incoming video signal. Document EP-A-0 276 800 discloses another display system wherein a plurality of video images and graphics data are displayed simultaneously on one monitor. According to the present invention there is provided a video and graphics display system comprising: input video signal processing means for receiving plural input video signals, digitising them to form respective digital RGB component signals, and storing the digital RGB component signals; a source of graphics data signals; graphics data storage means for storing the graphics data signals; and display signal selector and arranger means for selecting from among the stored digital RGB component signals and the stored graphics data signals and for arranging the selected signals in a pattern which can be displayed on a single monitor; characterised in that: the input video signal processing means comprises a plurality of individual, replaceable processing units each capable of (a) processing a respective input video signal of a standard or format (e.g., NTSC, PAL, SECAM, 1125/60 SMPTE 240M, etc.) which is different to an input video signal standard or format which the other or another of the units is capable of processing, (b) synchronising its input video signal with respect to the other input video signal(s), (c) decoding its respective input video signal into one common format, namely RGB, for all of the input signals, and (d) digitising its respective decoded input video signal and storing two frames' worth thereof; and a video source controller is connected to the plurality of individual, replaceable processing units and is operative to read out a frame of video data previously stored in a unit while another frame is being written in the unit. A preferred embodiment of the invention described below provides a video and graphics display system capable of producing an integrated, multiple image video and graphics display with substantially increased resolution without regard to the original signal standards or formats upon which the displayed video and graphics information was initially based. The preferred system allows selective arrangement and mixing of video and graphics information for simultaneous display. Further, it allows such selective arrangement, mixing and display of video and graphics information interactively. The preferred high definition display system accepts, as input signals, video signals and graphics display data signals from multiple sources. The inputted video signals can be selectively based upon any video standard, e.g., NTSC, PAL, SECAM, 1125/60 SMPTE 240M, etc., as well as their analog or digital variations. These multiple signals can be selectively and interactively arranged into an integrated pattern of multiple images for display on a single high definition display. Thus, the high definition display system advantageously capitalises on the increased resolution and display area of a high definition display. The preferred system includes multiple, replaceable sub-assemblies which are selected and used for receiving and decoding multiple input video signals, according to each sub-assembly's ability to receive and decode the desired video standard signal. All sub-assemblies decode their respective video signals into one common format (red, green and blue (RGB) video signals). Each sub-assembly further contains circuitry for digitising its received and decoded video signal and storing up to two frames' worth of digitised video data therefrom. The decoded and digitised video data from all video decoding sub-assemblies is stored in a larger memory (e.g., a random access memory (RAM)). It is from this larger memory that the desired input video signals are selected and arranged for display in a high definition format. The preferred high definition display system provides a graphics display capability. Graphics display data can selectively be generated internally or received from external graphics display data sources. This graphics display data is stored in a memory from which it can be later selected and arranged for display in a high definition format. Another feature of the preferred high definition display system is a programmable display controller which selects video data and graphics display data from their associated memories and arranges them within a common display memory for display in a selectable pattern. This selection and arrangement of the video and graphics display data can be done interactively by the system user via a computer interface (e.g., an external computer workstation). The programmable display controller can further replicate or relocate, within the display memory, the stored display data to adjust the shapes or sizes of the displayed images or to provide for panning or zooming in or out on a subject within a displayed image. Thus, the replaceable video decoder sub-assemblies provide builtin frame synchronisation by providing the capability of receiving multiple full bandwidth video signals based upon multiple standards, converting them all to one common RGB format, and digitising them for storage. The storing of all inputted (and decoded) video signals and graphics display data in a memory allows the video and graphics images to be selected therefrom and arranged in another memory in patterns as desired for display in a high definition format. Furthermore, these digitised full bandwidth video signals can be made available for recording, i.e., storing, on a digital video tape recorder. This allows the greater storage capacity of videotape (e.g., as compared to disc storage devices) to be used to its full advantage. Moreover, the computer interface allows this selection and arrangement of video and graphics images for display to be carried on in a programmed or interactive mode, thereby allowing the system user to selectively vary the high definition display. The invention will now be further described, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding elements are designated by like references throughout, and in which: Figure 1 illustrates in simplified block diagram form a typical operating environment for a high definition display system embodying the invention; and Figure 2 illustrates, in simplified block diagram form, major functional elements and architecture of the high definition display system. Figure 1 shows a high definition ("HD") display system 10 that receives video signals 12a to 12h, inclusive, from eight external video sources 14a to 14h (video sources A to H), respectively. Alternatively, some (or one) or all of the received signals 12a to 12h can consist of graphics display data, in which case the corresponding one or more of the external sources 14a to 14h will comprise a graphics display data source or sources. The HD display system 10 also has an interface 16 with a computer workstation 18. The HD display system 10 and the computer workstation 18 can exchange instructions or graphics display data via the interface 16. The HD display system 10 also has an interface 20 with a high definition television ("HDTV") system 22. The HD display system 10 can exchange HDTV signals with the external HDTV system 22 through the interface 20. For example, the HDTV system 22 may comprise an HDTV video tape recorder ("VTR"), with which the HD display system 10 can exchange analog or digital high definition video signals. Alternatively, the HDTV system 22 can be another analog or digital system requiring high speed, duplex operation of the HDTV interface 20. The HD display system 10 further has an interface 24 with an HDTV monitor 26. The HD display system 10 outputs high definition video display information, for display on the monitor 26, through the interface 24. The interface 24 can carry either analog or digital HD video information. For example, analog HD video information can be outputted for display by the monitor 26 or recording on an analog HD VTR (not shown), and digital HD video information can be outputted for recording on a digital HD VTR (not shown). Figure 2 illustrates, in more detailed block diagram form, major functional elements and architecture of the HD display system 10. As described further below, the incoming video signals 12a to 12h are each processed by respective separate corresponding input video decoder/memory units 30a to 30h, and a video source controller 32. As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, the decoder/memory units 30a to 30h can be designed to accept and process graphics display data signals rather than video signals if so desired. Regardless of whether the incoming signals 12a to 12h are video or graphics display data, once they have been processed by the respective decoder/memory units 30a to 30h their subsequent processing is not affected. The processed video or graphics display information (present on an interface 64) is then stored, arranged and buffered by a video source pixel memory 34, a display pixel assembler 36, a display frame memory 38 and a display pixel buffer 40, respectively. The selection and arrangement of the video or graphics display information to be displayed is performed by a video source address/graphics memory 42 and a display controller 44. The memories 34, 38 and 42, the assembler 36, the buffer 40 and the controller 44 can be designed to be constructed from standard devices which are known in the art, such as standard logic devices, random access memory devices or programmable logic devices. Graphics display data or interactive commands for controlling the displayed images are received from the computer workstation 18 through the interface 16 via an interface controller 46. The interface controller 46 also provides for the exchange of digital data through the interface 20 with the external HDTV system 22 (e.g., via an external data bus). A resident central processing unit (CPU) 48 and associated read only memory (ROM) 50 and random access memory (RAM) 52, which are connected to the various circuits via a CPU bus 68, provide for performing internal diagnostic testing of the HD display system 10 and generating graphics display data for display. The incoming video signals 12a to 12h are first individually processed by the input video decoder/memory units 30a to 30h, respectively. This processing includes synchronising the video signals 12a to 12h, respectively, after which they are each decoded into red, green and blue (RGB) component video signal equivalents, digitised and written into memory. This digitised video information is written into memory on a frame-by-frame basis. The capacity of this memory is two frames' worth of video data for each of the video signals 12a to 12h, so that, while one frame is being written, the previously stored frame can be read out by the video source controller 32. The input video decoder/memory units 30a to 30h comprise individual, replaceable circuit card sub-assemblies. Each of the sub-assemblies 30a to 30h is self-contained in the sense that each one includes all circuitry necessary to synchronise, decode, digitise and store (two frames' worth of) its respective input video signal 12a to 12h. By being self-contained and replaceable, and further by converting all of the inputted video signals 12a to 12h into their respective RGB video signal equivalents, the sub-assemblies 30a to 30h can be individually selected according to the standards or formats (e.g., NTSC, PAL, SECAM, 1125/60 SMPTE 240M, etc., as well as their analog or digital variations) upon which their associated input video signals 12a to 12h, respectively, are based. The video source controller 32 sends control signals 60a to 60h to the input video decoder/memory units 30a to 30h, respectively, whereupon the corresponding decoded, digitised and stored video data 62a to 62h, respectively, are sent to the video source controller 32. The decoded and digitised video data signals 62a to 62h are sent via the interface 64 to the video source pixel memory 34 for storage. An additional source of video data which can be included within the output signal of the video source controller 32 on the interface 64 is the HDTV system 22. Digital video data received from the HDTV system 22 is placed upon an internal video data bus 66 by the interface controller 46. Alternatively, analog video data received from the HDTV system 22 can first be digitised by the interface controller 46 and then placed upon the internal video data bus 66. The video source controller 32 can then receive this HDTV video data via the video data bus 66 and include it in its output signal on the interface 64. Graphics display data can arrive from three different sources: the computer workstation 18, the HDTV system 22 or the internal CPU 48. If graphics display data originates within the computer workstation 18 or the HDTV system 22, it is received via the interface controller 46 and placed upon the CPU bus 68. If the graphics display data originates within the resident CPU 48, it is placed directly upon the CPU bus 68. The graphics display data on the CPU bus 68 is received by the video source address/graphics memory 42 and stored therein. Display of the selected graphics display and video image data is accomplished by reading out the selected graphics display data from the video source address/graphics memory 42 and reading out the selected video image data from the video source pixel memory 34. To read the selected video image data from the video source pixel memory 34, appropriate memory address information therefor must be supplied to the video source pixel memory 34. This memory address information can be supplied by the resident CPU 48 if it has been preprogrammed to do so; alternatively, it can be supplied by the system user via the computer workstation 18 and interface controller 46. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that the addressing information supplied by the user via the computer workstation 18 can itself be preprogrammed or be supplied interactively (e.g., via a computer keyboard or mouse, joystick, etc.), in which latter case the system user can interactively select the video image data to be displayed. In either case, the memory address information is supplied to the video source address/graphics memory 42 via the CPU bus 68. To select and arrange for display the video image or graphics display data, the display controller 44 begins reading out the video source address information or graphics display data from the video source address/graphics memory 42. With each byte (or series of bytes) representing video source address information or graphics display data there is also stored an extra bit which indicates whether the associated byte (or bytes) represent video source address information or graphics display data (e.g., "0" for video source address information and "1" for graphics display data). Depending upon whether the information read out from the video source address/graphics memory 42 is video source address information or graphics display data, the display controller 44 does one of two things. If the information being read out is video source address information, the display controller 44 accesses the video image data specified thereby in the memory location within the video source pixel memory 34, and causes that video image data to be transferred to the display pixel assembler 36. If, however, the information being read is graphics display data, the display controller 44 sends that graphics display data directly to the display pixel assembler 36. Therefore, it is within the display pixel assembler 36 that the selected video image data retrieved from the video source pixel memory 34, or the graphics display data retrieved from the video source address/graphics memory 42, are assembled before being arranged into a desired pattern of displayed images. In other words, by loading the appropriate video source address information and appropriate graphics display data into the video source address/graphics memory 42, the selected video image data from the video source pixel memory 34 or the selected graphics display data can be assembled and arranged for display as desired by using the display pixel assembler 36 as a staging area therefor. The desired display arrangement can be preprogrammed within the video source address/graphics memory 42 or controlled interactively via the computer workstation 18. As selected HD video image data or graphics display data is being assembled within the display pixel assembler 36, it is transferred to the display frame memory 38. This is done so that the selected HD video image or graphics display data can be arranged within the display frame memory 38 and displayed while further selected HD video image or graphics display data to be displayed is assembled within the display pixel assembler 36. The frame of selected and arranged HD video image and graphics display data is read out from the display frame memory 38 to the display pixel buffer 40 on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Since the display data has been processed in digital form, it is next passed through digital-to-analog converters (DACs) 54, 56 and 58 for conversion to analog form. The selected and arranged analog display data 24 is then outputted to the HDTV monitor 26 for display. The HDTV monitor 26 produces the desired video or graphics display pattern according to the selection and arrangement of video image or graphics display data, as described above. Alternatively, the digital RGB signals can be outputted directly from the display pixel buffer, bypassing the DACs 54, 56 and 58, for recording on a digital video tape recorder. This selection and arrangement of video image data or graphics display data allows the displayed images to appear in a selectable pattern of windows on the screen of the HDTV monitor 26. The windows can be adjacent to or overlapping one another and of virtually any shape or size. Each window can be selectively sized by appropriately addressing its associated stored video image or graphics display data. For example, a window can be made larger or smaller by addressing more or less, respectively, of its associated stored video image or graphics display data. Furthermore, the displayed image within each window can be altered in manners known in the art. For example, by appropriately replicating or deleting the stored video image or graphics display data, the window can be made to appear to zoom in or zoom out, respectively, on an image subject within the window, thereby sizing the image within the window. Alternatively, the window can be made to appear to pan or scroll an image subject within the window by consecutively changing the addresses.

Claims: A video and graphics display system comprising: input video signal processing means for receiving plural input video signals, digitising them to form respective digital RGB component signals, and storing the digital RGB component signals; a source (18, 22, 48) of graphics data signals; graphics data storage means (42) for storing the graphics data signals; and display signal selector and arranger means (34, 36, 38, 44) for selecting from among the stored digital RGB component signals and the stored graphics data signals and for arranging the selected signals in a pattern which can be displayed on a single monitor; characterised in that: the input video signal processing means comprises a plurality of individual, replaceable processing units (30a to 30h) each capable of (a) processing a respective input video signal of a standard or format (e.g., NTSC, PAL, SECAM, 1125/60 SMPTE 240M. etc.) which is different to an input video signal standard or format which the other or another of the units is capable of processing, (b) synchronising its input video signal with respect to the other input video signals(s), (c) decoding its respective input video signal into one common format, namely RGB, for all of the input signals, and (d) digitising its respective decoded input video signal and storing two frames' worth thereof; and a video source controller (32) is connected to the plurality of individual, replaceable processing units (30a to 30h) and is operative to read out a frame of video data previously stored in a unit (30a to 30h) while another frame is being written in the unit (30a to 30h). A system according to claim 1, wherein the source (18, 22, 48) of graphics data signals comprises graphics data signal generator means (48) for generating graphics data signals, and graphics data signal input means (46) for receiving a graphics data signal input from an external source (18, 22). A system according to claim 1, wherein: the source (18, 22, 48) of graphics data signals comprises graphics data signal generator means (48) for generating a graphics data signal and graphics data signal receiving means (46) for receiving a graphics data signal supplied by an external source (18, 22); the graphics data storage means memory (42) is operative to store the generated and received graphics data signals; and the display selector and arranger means (34, 36, 38, 44) is connected to the graphics data storage means (42) and is capable of further selecting from among the stored graphics data signals. A system according to claim 3, wherein the graphics data signal generator means comprises a microprocessor circuit (48) and the graphics data signal receiving means comprises a data bus interface circuit (46) coupled to receive an externally generated graphics data signal. A system according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the input video signal processing means comprises at least one further individual, replaceable processing unit (30a to 30h) which contains circuitry for selectively decoding a graphics data signal into corresponding RGB signals and for selectively digitising the RGB signals. A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the display signal selector and arranger means (34, 36, 38, 44) comprises display memory means (34) for storing the selected signals. A system according to claim 6, wherein the display memory means (34) comprises pixel memory means (34) for storing the signals in a pixel mapped format. A system according to claim 7, wherein the display selector and arranger means (34, 36, 38, 44) comprises addressing means (48, 18) for programmably addressing memory locations within the pixel memory means (34) to access the selected signals, reading means (44) for reading the stored graphics data signals, and a display frame memory (38) for storing the arranged signals. A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the display selector and arranger means (34, 36, 38, 44) comprises computer interface means (46) coupled to receive signals from an external computer (18) for interactively designating the selection of the stored signals and the arrangement of the selected signals.

Inventors: CAPITANT PATRICE J, MACKAY MICHAEL T, PERRY VINSON R, SWAMY KUMAR B, CAPITANT, PATRICE J., MACKAY, MICHAEL T., PERRY, VINSON R., SWAMY, KUMAR B.
Applicants: SONY ELECTRONICS INC A DELAWAR, SONY ELECTRONICS INC. (A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
Application year: 1991
Main classification: H04N9
IPC codes: G09G5, G06T3, H04N9, H04N5, G06F3