HYDRO IMPACT MEDICAL AND DENTAL INSTRUMENTS WASHER

Abstract: A medical and dental instruments washer is capable of washing medical and dental instruments clean within a few minutes. The washer contains a watertight chamber (2) with a means for holding the instruments. A pump (3) recirculates the cleaning solution within the chamber at high velocity and a heating element (22) heats the solution so that the instruments are washed clean.

Description: HYDRO IMPACT MEDICAL AND DENTAL INSTRUMENTS WASHER This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Serial No. 569,630, filed August 20, 1990, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference into the subject application. Background of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of medical and dental instrument cleaning, and more particularly, to a hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer. In the conventional technique of cleaning medical and dental instruments, the instruments are first hand scrubbed using brushes with detergent and water. Subsequently, the instruments are placed in an ultrasonic cleaner designed to clean instruments using an ultrasonic solution and action. After the instruments are removed from the ultrasonic cleaner, they are placed in an autoclave or other sterilizing device. After these three steps, the instruments are considered sterile and reusable on other patients. The problem with the conventional process, however, is that it is inefficient, labor intensive, hazardous, and expensive. The ultrasonic cleaner is designed to clean medical and dental instruments without preliminary hand scrubbing. However, this device has been ineffective in cleaning medical and dental instruments so that 100% of the residual material (human tissue, chemicals, medications, etc.) is removed. As a result, it has been necessary to hand scrub the instruments prior to placing them in the ultrasonic cleaner. There are several disadvantages to hand scrubbing the instruments. The burden on office staff is increased because of the additional labor time required to scrub the instruments. Also, certain instruments are extremely sharp and may contain fine points conducive to puncture or cutting of the skin thereby making scrubbing of the instruments very dangerous. Office personnel are reluctant to hand scrub medical and dental instruments partly because there is an increase in awareness of the possibility of diseases transmitted from patients through contaminated equipment. Furthermore, hand scrubbing of the contaminated instruments may produce a splattering of contaminants with the splashing of water which causes office personnel to be concerned about disease transmission. Finally, hand scrubbing increases office expenses because it is extremely time consuming and inefficient. To properly remove 100% of the residual contaminants left on medical and dental instruments, a person must spend an extensive amount of time hand scrubbing. Accordingly, it is highly desirable to eliminate all hand scrubbing of contaminated medical and dental instruments. Another disadvantage with the present system is that the ultrasonic cleaners use expensive hazardous ultrasonic solutions which generate hazardous wastes. Elimination of the use of these ultrasonic solutions would eliminate the handling and disposal of hazardous waste and decrease costs associated with the purchase of these expensive solutions. After ultrasonic cleaning, the instruments should be 100% clean of all contaminants for proper sterilization of the instruments. However, since instruments are often not completely clean when they are removed from the ultrasonic cleaner, residue material and other contaminants remain on the instruments even after they are removed from the autoclave or other sterilization device. Because of the inefficiency of the ultrasonic cleaners, tissue residue and other contaminants often remain on the medical and dental instruments prior to their insertion into the sterilizer. High heat within the autoclave sterilizer literally bakes the unremoved contaminants onto the medical and dental instruments which may cause the instruments to be non-useable. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer which eliminates the need for hand scrubbing of dental and medical instruments. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a medical and dental instruments washer which uses non-hazardous and relatively inexpensive cleaning solutions thereby eliminating the need for expensive hazardous cleaning solutions and their disposal. It is also an object of the present invention to minimize or pos-ibly eliminate the handling of contaminated medical and dental instruments so that the instruments need not be touched by personnel after use until they are completely cleaned and sterilized. Another object of the present invention is to decrease the risk of instrument puncture wounds to those who handle medical and dental instruments for the purpose of cleaning and sterilizing this equipmen . It is another object of the present invention to decrease office overhead by minimizing the expenses currently associated with specialized ultrasonic cleaners and solutions, including their disposal. Summary of the Invention The present invention avoids the foregoing problems in the prior art and achieves all the objects of the present invention by providing a hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer capable of eliminating any tissue or contaminants which have accumulated on used medical and dental instruments so that the instruments are completely clean when placed in the autoclave or other sterilization device. In accordance with the present invention, the hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer contains a housing having a water tight wash chamber for holding a fluid cleaning solution; a means for supporting the medical and dental instruments; and a means for recirculating liquid cleaning solution within the wash chamber at high velocity. The washer may also have the recirculation means located outside of the wash chamber, an outlet means for allowing the solution to flow from the recirculation means to the wash chamber, and an inlet means for allowing the solution to flow from the wash chamber to the recirculation means. The washer may also include a means for providing heated cleaning solution within the wash chamber. The means for creating a high velocity fluid flow is typically a pump and the means for providing heat a heating element. The system may also contain a drain means for removing fluid from the wash chamber, a heat sensing means for monitoring the temperature within the wash chamber, and/or a means for directing fluid flow from the wash chamber toward the inlet flow means. The drain means may contain a valve to prevent fluid from escaping therefrom. The means for supporting the instruments may comprise a screen located near the outlet means or a set of flanges oriented to support a basket having medical and dental instruments or other armamentarium therein. The means for supporting the instruments may alternatively comprise a rotatable basket which may be mounted on axels within the wash chamber. The flow of cleaning fluid through the wash chamber causes the basket to rotate on the axels within the wash chamber. The system may also contain a timing switch to deactivate the recirculation means after a preset period of time. Also, the washer may include a spray type head connected at the outlet means for creating a more disperse outlet flow. To optimize cleaning efficiency of the system, it is preferred that the wash chamber have a cross sectional area substantially identical to the cross sectional area of the outlet means. This allows for optimum cleaning by increasing the amount of cleaning fluid which comes into contact with the instruments and also increasing the velocity at which the cleaning fluid circulates through the system. The wash chamber may comprise more than one area within which medical and dental instruments can be supported. These wash areas may be connected in series, such as a loop pattern, so long as the velocity of the cleaning fluid can be maintained throughout the system. The wash areas may also be connected in a manifold pattern wherein each section of the manifold can support a holding means such as a specimen basket containing instruments to be cleaned. It is most advantageous if the instruments placed within the wash chamber of the subject invention are placed in a position with the same axial direction as the flow of fluid through the wash chamber. This allows the cross sectional area of the wash chamber to be decreased which results in increased efficiency of use of the cleaning fluid. It is also important that the instruments be placed within the wash chamber so that one instrument does not block the circulation of the cleaning fluid to the next instrument within the wash chamber. This can be accomplished by placing the instruments in the same axial direction as the flow of fluid, and also by placing the instruments within a holding means which provide individual compartments or sections for placement of instruments. In the latter embodiment, the basket itself keeps the instruments from contacting one another and blocking flow to other instruments. One advantage of the present invention is that the medical and dental instruments washer is capable of holding a wire mesh basket within the wash chamber which can then be placed within the sterilizer. Therefore, the instruments can be washed under high velocity within the apparatus, and subsequently the entire basket may be removed and placed within the sterilization device. In this manner, the medical and dental instruments do not need to be touched thereby increasing safety and minimizing the risk to office personnel. Brief Description of the Drawings These and other objects, features and advantages of this invention will be evident from the following detailed description of several preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer of the subject invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an end view of the hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer shown in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a top view of the hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer shown in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer of the subject invention; Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer of the subject invention; Figure 7A is a top view of a wash chamber having a manifold pattern for insertion of instrument cassettes; Figure 7B is a side view of the manifold pattern wash chamber shown in Figure 7A; Figure 7C is a top view of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer of the subject invention having several wash chambers in series connected to a single pump. Description of the Preferred Embodiments Example 1 Referring to the Drawing, there is illustrated one preferred embodiment of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer. The preferred embodiment encompasses a portable medical and dental instruments washer. However, the washer may be constructed of various sizes for the purpose of handling larger or smaller capacities of instruments. The apparatus includes a housing 1 preferably made of plastic material which encases various components. Within the housing there is a water tight internal wash chamber 2 for holding a fluid cleaning solution therein. A pump 3 is located outside the internal wash chamber 2 but within the housing 1. An outlet means 4 is connected from the discharge outlet 5 of the pump 3 to the internal wash chamber 2 while an inlet means 6 is connected from the wash chamber 2 to the inlet portion 7 of the pump. The wash chamber 2 contains a means for supporting the medical and dental instruments therein. A means for providing heat to within the wash chamber, typically a heating element 22, is located within the wash chamber along with a heat sensor 8 to monitor the temperature of the cleaning solution which is placed within the wash chamber 2. A drain 9 is located at the bottom of the wash chamber 2 for eliminating the cleaning solution that has been used within the wash chamber. A valve 26 is connected to the drain means via a conduit. A water tight cover 10, which acts as a door is hinged 11 onto the wash chamber at one end and is clamped or latched on the other end to prevent any cleaning solution from escaping from the wash chamber while the apparatus is in operation. The latches 12 are provided to secure the cover to the housing and prevent cleaning solution from escaping from the wash chamber when the cover is closed. As a safety feature, a shut-off switch 13 is located between the cover 10 and the housing 1 at the hinged end 11 to deactivate the pump 3 when the cover is opened. With this feature, the pump can never be activated while the cover is open. The pump is driven by an electric motor 14 which has a power lead 15 that runs through the housing 1 so that it can be plugged into a typical wall outlet. The pump 3 and motor 14 must be of sufficient power and capacity to provide a high velocity fluid flow within the wash chamber 2 so that medical and dental instruments placed therein will be washed clean. It has been found that a motor of the size between one and two horsepower will be sufficient for such operation. Preferably, a one horsepower motor with the capability of pumping approximately 87 gallons per minute of water will suffice for a portable washer. This size motor and pump operates on conventional 110-120 volt single phase power so that no special wiring is required to run the apparatus. It is apparent, however, that other sizes of pumps and motors may be utilized and preferred for different applications. For example, a washer designed to accommodate hundreds of instruments may be equipped with a larger capacity pump, motor and wash chamber. The electric motor 14 drives the pump 3 which circulates the cleaning solution within the wash chamber 2 at high velocity. A typical impeller type pump is usable within the present invention. Plastic impeller pumps, because of their light weight and resistance to corrosion, are preferred. However, pumps having other types of impellers may also be used. The outlet means 4 is provided on a fluid flow connection 16 from the discharge of the pump to the wash chamber. Similarly, the inlet 6 means is provided on a fluid flow connection 17 from the wash chamber to the inlet portion 7 of the pump. The inlet means 6 is preferably located at the bottom portion of the wash chamber downstream from the outlet means 4 so that fluid flows from the outlet 4 into the inlet 6 to the pump. It is preferred that the outlet 4 and inlet 6 means are located in position within the wash chamber which allow the fluid cleaning solution to naturally flow downstream from the outlet to the inlet. Such a configuration provides for an apparatus which produces optimal cleaning results. Alternatively, the inlet means could be located at a place within the wash chamber which is not naturally downstream of the flow, in such a case it may be preferable to include a means for directing fluid to flow from the outlet 4 to the inlet 6. Such a means could comprise a baffle plate or series of baffle plates (not shown) . Also, the inlet may be equipped with a screen to prevent small instruments and debris from entering the inlet due to the force of the pump. The outlet 4 and inlet 6 means must be sealed to the wash chamber 2 to prevent cleaning solution from leaking into the portion of the housing containing the motor and pump. Such a sealing means may include high quality caulking seal such as silicone, or a conventional gasket or rubber O-ring seal or any other acceptable material. The outlet and inlet means may have a flange located within the wash chamber and an O-ring supported by the flange. The outlet and inlet means may also be threaded on the inside to engage a typical slip joint nut, which when tightened will in combination with the O-ring provide a water tight seal. Alternatively, the outlet and inlet means may thread into an opening within the wash chamber or may be a one piece combination with the wash chamber wall. Many different sealing means will suffice. However, because of the high pressure and velocity of fluid discharging from the outlet means, the sealing system must be capable of withstanding high pressure fluids without leaking. The cover 10 may contain a plurality of latches 12 which prevent the cover from being opened due to the force of the solution recirculated within the wash chamber 2. A seal 25 is located at the edge of the cover to engage the top edge of the housing 1. The combination of the seal 25 and latches 12, when tightened, will prevent solution from leaking from the wash chamber 2 when the pump 3 is activated. In order to maintain a high velocity fluid flow within the wash chamber and to maximize pump efficiency, the flow area of the outlet means 4 is preferably greater than or equal to the flow area of the inlet means 6. These flow areas may also be equal in order to provide an optimum velocity outlet flow rate. In the preferred embodiment, the cross sectional area of the outlet opening 4 and the inlet opening 6 are identical. This relationship is largely responsible for creating a high velocity, violently turbulent flow within the wash chamber which removes tissue, contaminants and debris from the medical instruments. Support ridges 18 may be located at the upper portion of the wash chamber to hold or support a wire basket 19 designed to fit within the wash chamber as well as a sterilization device. As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the preferred embodiment may have a wash chamber capable of holding multiple wire baskets. The support ridges 18 extend throughout the length of the wash chamber 2. This feature enables personnel to place the wire basket within the wash chamber while the apparatus is not in use. After the instruments have been used, they can be placed within the basket. The apparatus may be activated immediately or later when the baskets are filled to capacity. After the machine has scrubbed the instruments clean, the entire wire basket may be removed from the wash chamber and placed directly in a sterilization unit where the instruments are then sterilized. Therefore, instruments are effectively cleaned and sterilized without being touched after they have been used. As an alternative to the support ridges, a screen may be located at the upper portion of the wash chamber. The screen could be mounted across the lower portion of the wash chamber. The wire basket could be placed directly on the screen for convenience. The outlet means 4 may have a discharge head 20 connected thereon for dispersing the outlet flow. It has been found that a discharge head which allows the flow to occur over a more dispersed area efficiently cleans the instruments. As shown in Figure 3, a discharge head having a passage 21 extending horizontally along the length of the basket provides desirable cleaning results. As previously noted, the flow area of this horizontal passage 21 may be equal to the flow area of the inlet means. Although this type of discharge head is preferred, other geometrical cross sectional configurations may also be sufficient. However, the cleaning time associated with each type of head may vary accordingly. It is desired, however, to have the outlet flow dispersed over a wide area. The operating temperature of the cleaning solution within the wash chamber is approximately 100°+F. However, the heating element 22 activates up to a point where the water temperature reaches 150 β +. In order to allow the system to more efficiently clean instruments, the heating element should be located within the wash chamber and be capable of heating the water to a temperature of at least 100 β ±. The heat sensor 8, also located within the wash chamber, monitors the temperature of the cleaning solution. The heat sensor 8 may be connected to a hot water control 23 which in response to the sensed temperature of the cleaning solution, will deactivate the heating element 22. The heat sensor 8 will sense the temperature of the cleaning solution and when the temperature reaches 150 β +, or some other predetermined level, the heat sensor control 23 will shut off the heating element. Any heat sensor such as a thermometer or thermocouple and heat sensitive switch will suffice for the control for use in the present invention. Both the heating element 22 and hot water control 23 are preset so that the temperature of the cleaning solution may be run within the prescribed temperature ranges. It has been found that optimal cleaning results are achieved when the temperature of the cleaning solution remains above 100°+ F. Preferably, the hot water control 23 causes the heating element 8 to activate when the cleaning solution temperature is less than 100°+ F and deactivate at 150 β + F so that the operating temperature is preferably kept between 100"+ - 150"+ F. Although the aforementioned temperatures are representative of the temperature ranges which have been used successfully in the preferred embodiment, it is apparent that the apparatus will function at other temperatures as well. A drain 9 may be located in the wash chamber to efficiently remove the cleaning solution after it has been used. This eliminates the need for lifting and tipping the apparatus in order to dispose of the used solution. The drain may contain a nipple 24 on which may be connected a drain hose so that the cleaning solution can be disposed directly into a drain. The entire apparatus, as shown in the preferred embodiment, is powered using conventional 110 single phase voltage. The motor is preferably activated through a ground fault interruption switch which provides a safety shut off means should there be a short, for example, due to the presence of water in the system. A switching relay (not shown) is also provided so that both the ground fault interruption switch 25 or the safety shut off switch 13 may control the electric motor. The apparatus may also contain a timer switch 27 to control the duration of the wash cycle. The timer switch 27 is connected to the relay so that when it is activated and time has expired, the pump motor is deactivated. The medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer in accordance with the present invention is used by opening the cover 10 and filling the wash chamber 2 with a cleaning solution. The chamber is preferably filled to a level where the instruments are submerged when the pump is not activated. However, a partially filled wash chamber will also provide adequate cleaning results. One preferred cleaning solution is ULTRA™ (Klenzade, Ecolab Research Center, St. Paul, Minn.). ULTRA™ is a non foaming, chlorinated, alkaline cleaner which is preferably used at a concentration of one ounce per two gallons of water. This alkaline cleaner has no foam characteristics and successfully cleans stainless steel equipment. The chlorine in the product is very useful in breaking down organic soils, particularly proteins such as may be present from tissues or blood on medical or dental instruments. However, other commercially available cleaning solutions may be used. Medical and dental instruments are then placed in the basket 19 which is placed within the wash chamber 2 on the support means 18. The cover 10 must then be closed and the latches 12 tightened to prevent solution leaking from the wash chamber. When the switch 25 is activated, water circulates from the wash chamber into the inlet means 6 through the pump 3 and through the outlet means 4 into the wash chamber. The solution recirculates within the system until the cleaning cycle is completed. A violently turbulent flow is created within the wash chamber enabling medical and dental instruments and armamentarium which have dried residue, contaminants and tissue thereon to be washed clean within a few minutes. It has been found that medical and dental instruments have been washed completely clean in as low as three minutes wash time. After the cleaning cycle has been completed, the instruments are removed from the wash chamber. The cleaning solution may be discarded or, if reusable, may be reused in another cleaning cycle. Example 2 Referring to Figure 5 there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer. In this embodiment, an electric motor 30 drives the pump 32 which circulates the cleaning solution within the wash chamber 34 at high velocity. The cleaning solution enters the wash chamber 34 at the outlet means 36 of the pump 32 and exits the wash chamber 34 at the inlet means 38 to the pump 32. This embodiment differs from that previous discussed in that the medical and dental instruments are placed in a freely rotating basket 40. The cylindrical basket 40 may have internal hydraulic motor plates (not shown) which also agitate the instruments to effect cleaning. The basket 40 is allowed to rotate within the wash chamber 34 by mounting it on end axles within the wash chamber 34. The outlet means 36 and discharge head 20 may be configured in such a manner which allows the fluid discharged therefrom to vary along the length of the discharge head. This may be achieved by varying the cross sectional area of the discharge head 20 along its length or by providing a plurality of ports 60 along the length such that more ports 60 are located at one end of the discharge head. The variation in flow will cause the force of the fluid impacting the rotatable basket 40 to also vary (along the diameter of the basket) thereby causing the basket 40 to rotate. Example 3 Referring to Figure 6 there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer. In this embodiment the electric motor 31 also drives the pump 33 which circulates the cleaning solution within the wash chamber 35 at high velocity. The cleaning solution enters the wash chamber 35 at the outlet means 37 of the pump 33 and exits the wash chamber 35 by the inlet means 39 to the pump 33. In this embodiment, the cross sectional area of the wash chamber 35 is substantially the same as the cross sectional area of the outlet 37 and inlet 39. By minimizing the cross sectional area of the wash chamber 35, the percentage of cleaning fluid utilized during the wash cycle which contacts the instruments placed within the wash chamber 35 is increased. Preferably, the wash chamber should allow fluid to flow therethrough at a maximum possible velocity while also allowing the circuitry fluid to contact the maximum area of the instruments. This results in a more efficient cleaning because of the increased amount of cleaning fluid which comes into contact with the medical and dental instruments. This minimized cross sectional area of the wash chamber 35 also results in maximum velocity flow through the wash chamber 35. This maximum fluid velocity and maximum contact between the flow of cleaning fluid and the medical and dental instruments allows for optimum cleaning thereby resulting in more efficient cleaning of the medical and dental instruments. In this embodiment, the wash chamber comprises a top and a bottom portion connected by hinges 41, allowing the top portion of the wash chamber 35 to be opened in order to insert an instrument holding means such as cassettes or wire mesh baskets which may contain the medical and dental instruments. Preferably, the instruments are placed within the wash chamber 35 in the same axial direction as the flow of cleaning solution coming from the outlet 37. The instrument holding means should be configured to allow the flow of cleaning fluid therethrough and to allow the instruments to be placed in the same axial direction as the fluid flow. Moreover, the instrument holding means may be configured to allow separation of the individual instruments when placed therein. By placing the instruments, which generally have a length which exceeds their width, in the same axial direction as the flow of cleaning fluid through the wash chamber 35, one is enabled to make the wash chamber of a smaller cross sectional area. The benefits of a small cross sectional area are discussed above. Preferably, the instruments are placed within the wash chamber 35 so that the axial flow of fluid does not cause any instrument to block the contact of any other instrument with the fluid. This can be accomplished by placing the instruments within separate sections within the instrument holding means placed within the wash chamber 35. Otherwise, if the instruments are placed perpendicular to the axial direction of flow, one instrument effectively blocks the contact of the next instrument with the cleaning solution. This can also be overcome by placing the instruments in the same axial direction as the flow of cleaning solution. Example 4 Referring to Figures 7A-7C, there are illustrated more preferred embodiments of a hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer of the subject invention. As shown in Figure 7A, outlet means 57 provides the flow of fluid from a pump (not shown) . The fluid flows through a manifold pattern containing a plurality of wash chambers and exits at the inlet means 59, returning the circulating wash fluid to the pump. Numerous wash chambers can be provided utilizing this manifold pattern, and each chamber provides an area into which an instrument holding means 45 such as a cassette or wire cage can be inserted. As shown in Figure 7A, four chambers, 47, 49, 51 and 53 are provided. A cassette 45, useable as the instrument holding means, is inserted into channel 47 and similar cassettes could be inserted into each of the other chambers 49, 51, and 53. The cassette or similar instrument holding means 45 may comprise any suitable instrument holder which will allow the instruments to be axially oriented therein while allowing the flow of cleaning solution therethrough to contact the instruments. The instrument holding means 45 may contain various clips or other components which allow instruments to be secured therein. The manifold arrangement of the wash chambers includes a top connected by a hinge 55, as best shown in Figure 7B. This hinged top can be opened, allowing access to all four chambers, 47, 49, 51, and 53, by opening one lid to the wash chambers. This allows for the insertion of four instrument holding means within the chambers much more easily than if each of the chambers were provided with their own separate openings. Figure 7C illustrates an additional arrangement of multiple wash chambers connected in series each having an instrument holding means therein wherein the pump 42 circulates the cleaning fluid through the outlet means 44. Then the cleaning fluid returns to the pump via inlet means 46. Within each wash channel, 48, 50 and 52, a cassette can be inserted. This loop pattern differs from the manifold pattern shown in Figure 7A in that each wash chamber, 48, 50 and 52, is accessible via its own opening or top. It should be readily apparent that in the manifold pattern or the loop pattern, any number of individual wash chambers can be connected in series depending upon the fluid pumping capacity necessary for washing. It is only necessary that the velocity of the fluid flow provided by the pump be satisfactory to maintain velocity throughout the manifold and loop patterns. As in the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the cross sectional area of the wash chambers is substantially identical to the cross sectional area of the outlet 57 and inlet 59 (Figure 7A) and the outlet 44 and inlet 46 (Figure 7C) . In these embodiments shown in Figure 7A-7C it is also preferable to place the instruments within the wash chambers in the same axial direction of flow as the cleaning fluid. Although the embodiments described herein are portable medical and dental instruments and armamentarium washers, the invention is not limited to a portable model. The washer may be permanently installed within an office or hospital, may include permanent plumbing for the supply and drainage of water, and may be equipped with a large capacity pump or pumps as well as large capacity wash chambers. It is evident that the invention may be embodied in a variety of ways differing from those described herein, but without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Various different modifications other than those described herein may be made to the system. Any such modifications are intended to be included within the spirit of the invention and scope of the claims.

Claims: What is claimed is; 1. A hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer comprising: a housing having a watertight wash chamber therein finable with a liquid cleaning solution, said chamber having a means to support medical and dental instruments therein; and means for recirculating liquid cleaning solution within the wash chamber at high velocity wherein medical and dental instruments within said chamber are washed clean when said recirculation means is activated. 2. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 wherein said recirculation means is located outside of said wash chamber, said washer further comprising an outlet means for allowing solution to flow from the recirculation means to the wash chamber and inlet means for allowing solution to flow from the wash chamber to the recirculation means. 3. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 2 further comprising: means for providing heated liquid cleaning solution within the wash chamber. 4. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 wherein the recirculation means comprises a pump. 5. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 further comprising a drain means for removing fluid from the wash chamber. 6. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 2 further comprising a heat sensing means for monitoring the temperature within the wash chamber. 7. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 3 wherein the means for providing heat to within the wash chamber comprises a heating element within the wash chamber. 8. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 further comprising a discharge head connected at the outlet means for creating a more disperse flow. 9. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 8 wherein the discharge head comprises a horizontally oriented single groove opening. 10. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 wherein the means for supporting the instruments comprises a screen located near the outlet means. 11. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 10 wherein the screen located near the outlet means supports a mesh basket housing medical and dental instruments therein. 12. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 wherein the means for supporting instruments in the wash chamber is a set of flanges oriented to support a mesh basket having the medical and dental instruments therein. 13. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 1 wherein the means for supporting instruments in the wash chamber comprises a rotatable basket. 14. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer for claim 1 further comprising a timing switch means for deactivating the means for creating high velocity fluid flow after a preset period of time. 15. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 2 wherein said wash chamber has a cross-sectional area sr- stantially identical to the cross-sectional area ot said outlet means. 16. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 15 comprising one or more wash chambers connected in series. 17. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 15 wherein said wash chambers are connected in a manifold pattern. 18. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 16 wherein the wash chambers are connected in a loop pattern. 19. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 15 further comprising an instrument holding means for allowing instruments to be axially oriented within the wash chamber and for allowing a liquid cleaning solution to flow therethrough and contact the instruments. 20. The hydro impact medical and dental instruments and other armamentarium washer of claim 17 wherein the washer is portable. 21. A hydro impact medical and dental instruments washer comprising: a housing having a watertight wash chamber therein capable of being filled with a fluid cleaning solution, said wash chamber having a door means with a watertight seal therein for preventing fluid from leaking from the wash chamber when the door means is closed; a pump means located within said housing, the pump means located outside the wash chamber for creating a high velocity fluid flow within the wash chamber; inlet flow means for allowing fluid to flow from within the wash chamber to the pump means; outlet flow means for allowing fluid to flow from the pump means to the wash chamber, said inlet and outlet flow means sealing engaged to said wash chamber to prevent fluid from leaking from the wash chamber; means for holding a basket filled with medical and dental instruments near the outlet flow means; a heating element within the wash chamber for heating the fluid cleaning solution within a certain temperature range; a heat sensor within the wash chamber for deactivating the heating element when the temperature of the cleaning solution reaches a preselected level; and a drain located with the wash chamber for releasing the fluid cleaning solution from within the wash chamber.

Inventors: ANDERSON ROBERT A, DELL JOSEPH G, DESPRES RICHARD L, ANDERSON, ROBERT, A., DELL, JOSEPH, G., DESPRES, RICHARD, L.
Applicants: A D D CO, ADD CO
Application year: 1991
Main classification: A61L2
IPC codes: A61B19, A61C19