1,4-BENZOTHIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE

Abstract: To provide a compound which inhibits the kinetic cell death of cardiac muscles without inhibiting cardiac functions. A 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative represented by general formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R represents H or C₁ to C₃ lower alkoxy; X represents O or H₂; n represents 1 or 2; R¹ represents H, substituted phenyl (wherein the substituent is OH or C₁ to C₃ lower alkoxy), (a), C₁ to C₃ lower alkoxy, or (b) wherein R² represents C₁ to C₃ acyl; and ph represents phenyl.

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives, in particular novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives having an effect of inhibiting overcontraction and overextension of the myocardium and protecting against myocardial necrosis without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect. In addition, this invention relates to drugs containing the aforementioned novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives as an effective ingredient which work on the circulatory system, in particular the 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives containing the novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives as an effective ingredient, which have an effect of inhibiting overcontraction and overextension of myocardium and protecting against myocardial necrosis without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect. PRIOR ART The recent increase in the average age of the population has been accompanied by an increase in circulatory diseases, such as hypertension, angina and myocardial infarction. In particular, there have been many sudden occurrences of myocardial infarction with a high mortality rate. Hitherto, the cause of this myocardial infarction has been attributed to obstruction, by thrombus or coronary spasm, of the coronary artery which supplies nutrition to the heart. Recently, however, Kaneko et al. have proposed a new mechanism for myocardial infarction, according to which the myocardia of myocardial infarction patients exhibit two forms of necrosis, Static Cell Death (hereinafter referred to as SD) and Kinetic Cell Death (hereinafter referred to as KD), with KD being the main cause of myocardial infarction (Journal of Tokyo Women's Medical College, 52 , 1443, 1982). In addition, Kaneko et al. have reported using a rabbit to create a model of a myocardial infarction caused by KD, and using calcium antagonists to inhibit the symptoms thereof (refer to Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-40651). Moreover, they have recently succeeded in creating a model of a myocardial infarction caused by KD in a Langendorff in vitro system using an isolated rat heart, and by using this model they have found that some Ca antagonists have a KD-inhibiting effect similar to that found the in vivo system. However, some of these Ca antagonists have a strong cardiodepressant effect, and it was thought desirable to develop compounds having a weak cardiodepressant effect, and a strong KD-inhibiting effect. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to provide compounds having a KD-inhibiting effect without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect and novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives, in particular novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives having specific substituent groups and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In addition, it is an object of this invention to provide drugs for the prevention of myocardial necrosis and for the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction in which the above-mentioned novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives having specific substituent groups and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are contained as an effective ingredient. The above object of this invention is accomplished by 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Namely, the compounds of this invention are 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives represented by the following Formula [I]: wherein each of substituent groups is defined as follows: R represents H or a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group; X represents O or H₂; n represents 1 or 2; R¹ represents H, a substituted phenyl group (wherein the substituent group is OH or a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group), a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group or (wherein R² represents a C₁ - C₃ acyl group) and ph represents a phenyl group, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The ability to produce a strong KD-inhibiting effect without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect is a new property discovered in the novel 1,4-benzothiazepine compounds of this invention. The compound represented by Formula [I] has basic nitrogen atoms and it is thus possible to form an acid addition salt at this site. The acid used to form the acid addition salt should be selected from pharmaceutically acceptable acids. Consequently, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compound shown in Formula [I] also fall within the scope of the compounds according to this invention. Salts can include, for example, inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate or the like and organic acid salts such as citrate, maleate, fumarate, benzoate, succinate, acetate, tartrate, malate or the like. The drugs of this invention for the prevention of myocardial necrosis and for the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction contain as an effective ingredient one or more of the 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives represented by Formula [I] or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The novel 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of this invention have a strong myocardial necrosis-inhibiting effect without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect, can be used as an excellent drug for the prevention of myocardial necrosis and an excellent drug for the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Consequently, this invention can provide an excellent drug for the prevention of myocardial necrosis and an excellent drug for the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Preparation of 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives The compounds of Formula [I] of this invention can be prepared according to various routes; for example, by following the reaction scheme of the following Routes A), to E), provided that R, R¹, X, n and ph in the reaction formulae are as defined in Formula [I]. Route A): This Route is generally shown as follows. Compound (1) is reacted with acryloyl chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, di-isopropyl ethylamine or the like in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or the like, preferably at 0°C to room temperature to give an amide compound (2). The amide compound (2) is reacted with 4-benzyl piperidine in a solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, THF or the like at room temperature to give compound (3) of this invention. The product is isolated and purified by conventional methods. Route B): This Route is generally shown as follows. Compound (1) is reacted with bromoacetyl chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or the like in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, THF or the like, preferably at 0°C to room temperature to give an amide compound (4). The amide compound (4) is heated at reflux with 4-benzyl piperidine in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or the like in a solvent such as acetonitrile, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone or the like, to give compound (5) of this invention. The product is isolated and purified by conventional methods. Route C): This Route is generally shown as follows. wherein R³ represents the same as the above R¹ exclusive of H. This Route comprises three reaction steps. In the first step, a starting material (2) is chlorinated at 2-position thereof. The amide compound (2) is heated at reflux in the presence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) in a suitable non-protonic solvent, preferably toluene, or is reacted with sulfuryl chloride in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform or the like at 0°C to room temperature, preferably at 0°C, to give a chloro compound (6). Then, the compound (6) is reacted with a Lewis acid such as stannic chloride, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride or the like in the presence of an indole derivative, a substituted benzene derivative or an alcohol in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, acetonitrile or the like, preferably at 0°C to room temperature to give a compound (7). This compound (7) is reacted with 4-benzyl piperidine in the same manner as in the above-mentioned Route A) to give compound (8) of this invention. The product is isolated and purified by conventional methods. Route D): This Route is generally shown as follows. This Route comprises three reaction steps in the same manner as in the above-mentioned Route C). In the first step, a compound (4) is chlorinated. The amide compound (4) is heated at reflux in the presence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) in a suitable non-protonic solvent, preferably toluene, or is reacted with sulfuryl chloride in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform or the like at room temperature, to give a chloro compound (9). The compound (9) is reacted with a Lewis acid such as stannic chloride, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride or the like in the presence of an indole derivative, a substituted benzene derivative or an alcohol in a non-protonic solvent such as methylene chloride, acetonitrile or the like, preferably at 0°C to room temperature to give a compound (10). This compound (10) is reacted with 4-benzyl piperidine in the presence of a base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or the like in the same manner as in the above-mentioned Route B), to give compound (11) of this invention. The product is isolated and purified by conventional methods. Route E): This Route is generally shown as follows. In this reaction, an amide compound (12) is reacted in the presence of a suitable reducing agent selected from, for instance, aluminum lithium hydride, methoxy ethoxy aluminum sodium hydride and diborane, in a non-protonic solvent, preferably THF, preferably at 0°C to room temperature, or is heated at reflux, to give an amine compound (13). The product is isolated and purified by conventional methods. The compounds of this invention which can be prepared as mentioned above can be converted by conventional methods into the form of the acid addition salts mentioned above. Utility of the compounds of this invention The 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives of Formula [I] of this invention and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have a KD-inhibiting effect as can be seen from the results of pharmacological testing as mentioned below and can be useful as drugs for curing circulatory disease. Specifically, the derivatives are useful as drugs for anti-myocardial infarction, particularly as drugs for prevention or treatment of acute myocardial infarction or inhibitors for myocardial necrosis. In cases where the compounds of this invention are used as drugs for prevention or treatment of acute myocardial infarction, the dosage thereof varies depending on the degree of disease, the patient's weight, method of administration or the like and is not particularly limited. Generally, the compounds can be orally or parenterally (e.g. intravenously) administered approximately once a day in an amount of about 10 mg to 1,000 mg/day to an adult (average weight of 60 Kg). The administration form can include, for example, powder, parvule, granule, tablet, capsule, injection or the like. In addition, the preparation can be made by using a conventional carrier or diluent according to conventional methods. The compounds according to this invention have a strong myocardial necrosis-inhibiting effect without being accompanied by a cardiodepressant effect. As a result, it is possible to provide an excellent drug for prevention or treatment of acute myocardial infarction. It should be appreciated that the fact of the compounds of this invention having the above-mentioned effect was unexpected to those skilled in the art. Example This invention will be described concretely by the following experimental examples, but it is by no means restricted by these experimental. (Preparation of the compounds) Preparation examples of the compounds of this invention and physical and chemical properties thereof are as follows. Moreover, measurement of NMR is made by using tetramethyl silane as an internal standard and the result is represented as ppm. "Part" in the examples shows part by volume. Experimental Example 1 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (11g) and triethylamine (13.5g) were dissolved in THF (300ml) and acryloyl chloride (9.5g) was added dropwise thereto under ice cooling and agitated at room temperature for 30 minutes. A 10% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution was added thereto, agitated at room temperature and thereafter extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution and dried on sodium sulfate and the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. Residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 200g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane (60 parts) + ethyl acetate (40 parts) to give 4-acryloyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (12.5g). mp 108.5 - 110.0°C 1635, 1590. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.76 - 2.97 (2H, m), 3.99 - 4.23 (2H, m), 4.72 - 4.86 (2H, m), 5.57 - 5.79 (1H, m), 6.13 - 6.91 (2H, m), 7.12 - 7.68 (4H, m). FD-MS(m/z): 219 (M⁺). Experimental Example 2 7-Methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (10.0g) (refer to preparation examples 1 to 6 as mentioned below), triethylamine (10.2g) and acryloyl chloride (6.9g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 to give 4-acryloyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (10.6g). mp 79.0 - 81.0°C 1635, 1595. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.69 - 2.90 (2H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 3.97 - 4.24 (2H, m), 4.67 - 4.82 (2H, m), 5.56 - 5.82 (1H, m), 6.10 - 7.53 (5H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 249 (M⁺). Experimental Example 3 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (4.8g), triethylamine (5.9g) and bromoacetyl chloride (5.5g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 to give 4-bromoacetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (3.5g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.80 - 3.00 (2H, m), 3.78 - 4.18 (4H, m), 4.70 - 4.84 (2H, m), 7.15 - 7.65 (4H, m). Experimental Example 4 7-Methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (3.0g), triethylamine (3.1g) and bromoacetyl chloride (3.2g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 to give 4-bromoacetyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (2.5g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.75 - 2.94 (2H, m), 3.68 - 4.18 (4H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 4.66 - 4.81 (2H, m), 6.65 - 7.58 (3H, m). Experimental Example 5 4-Acryloyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (4.0g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (3.7g) were dissolved in chloroform (15ml) and left to stand at room temperature for 2 days. The reaction mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 150g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of chloroform (98 parts) + methanol (2 parts) to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl) piperidinyl]propionyl]-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (6.8g) (compound (a)). This compound (1.0g) was dissolved in methanol (10ml) and a hydrogen chloride-methanol solution (10%(w/w), 2ml) was added thereto to acidify. After distilling out the solvent, the residue was washed with ether to obtain a hydrochloride (0.95g) in the form of powder. 3400, 2920, 1635, 1590 (for hydrochloride) ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 1.11 - 2.95 (17H, m), 3.78 (3H, s), 3.86 - 4.16 (2H, m), 4.65 (2H, s), 6.63 - 7.54 (8H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 424 (M⁺). Experimental Example 6 4-Bromoacetyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.3g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (0.9g) were dissolved in acetonitrile (50ml), potassium carbonate (1.1g) was added thereto and the mixture was heated at reflux for 3 hours. After standing to cool, water was added thereto and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution and dried on sodium sulfate and the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. Residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 60g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of chloroform (98 parts) + methanol (2 parts) to give 4-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]acetyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.7g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.14 - 2.09 (7H, m), 2.48 - 3.20 (8H, m), 3.79 (3H, s), 4.00 - 5.95 (4H, m), 6.65 - 7.50 (8H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 410 (M⁺). Experimental Example 7 4-Acryloyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (10g) was dissolved in methylene chloride (150ml) and sulfuryl chloride (9.3g) was added thereto under ice cooling and agitated at 0°C for 1 hour. To the reaction mixture water was added and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution and dried on sodium sulfate and thereafter the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. Residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 200g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane (70 parts) + ethyl acetate (30 parts) to give 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (10.5g). mp 66.0 - 68.0°C 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 4.05 - 4.15 (2H, m), 4.45 - 5.00 (2H, m), 5.01 - 5.22 (1H, m), 5.55 - 5.85 (1H, m), 6.15 - 6.85 (2H, m), 7.20 - 7.70 (4H, m). Experimental Example 8 4-Acryloyl-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (4.0g) and sulfuryl chloride (2.3g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 7 to give 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (2.4g). mp 97.5 - 99.5°C 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.84 (3H, s), 4.13 - 4.23 (2H, m), 4.45 - 5.20 (3H, m), 5.60 - 5.85 (1H, m), 6.15 - 7.60 (6H, m). Experimental Example 9 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (2.9g) and 5-(acetamido) indole (2.5g) were dissolved in acetonitrile (80ml) and zinc chloride (4.8g) was added thereto at room temperature and agitated at that temperature for 4 hours. To the reaction mixture water was added and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution and dried on sodium sulfate and thereafter the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. Residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 100g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of chloroform (98 parts) + methanol (2 parts) to give 4-acryloyl-2-[(5-acetamido)indole-3-yl]-1,4-benzothiazepine (3.0g). 3250, 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.08, 2.12 (each 1.5H, each s), 3.50 - 5.80 (5H, m), 6.10 - 8.05 (12H, m), 9.08 (1H, br s). FD-MS (m/z): 391 (M⁺) Experimental Example 10 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-[(5-acetamido) indole-3-yl]-1,4-benzothiazepine (3.0g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (1.7g) were dissolved in chloroform (30ml) and methanol (5ml) and the mixture was left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. The solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure and thereafter residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 100g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of chloroform (97 parts) + methanol (3 parts) to give 2-[(5-(acetamido) indole-3-yl]-4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]propionyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (4.0g) (compound (b)). This compound (1.0g) was treated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 to obtain a hydrochloride (1.0g) in the form of powder. 3400, 3250, 1635 (for hydrochloride) ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 1.00 - 3.00 (13H, m), 2.07, 2.13 (each 1.5H, each s), 3.40 - 5.20 (7H, m), 6.65 - 8.10 (14H, m), 9.35 (1H, br s). FD-MS (m/z): 566 (M⁺) Experimental Example 11 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.0g), geraniol (0.9g) and zinc chloride (0.8g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 9 to give 4-acryloyl-2-geranyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.0g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 1.60 (3H, s), 1.65 (6H, s), 2.00 (4H, br s), 3.75 - 5.20 (9H, m), 5.40 - 5.80 (1H, m), 6.10 - 6.75 (2H, m), 7.10 - 7.35 (2H, m), 7.40 - 7.60 (2H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 371 (M⁺) Experimental Example 12 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-geranyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.0g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (0.62g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 10 to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl) piperidinyl]propionyl]-2-geranyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.3g) (compound (c)). This compound (1.1g) was treated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 to obtain a hydrochloride (1.0g) in the form of thick syrup. 1640 (for hydrochloride). ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 0.80 - 1.70 (5H, m), 1.58, 1.62, 1.68 (each 3H, each s), 1.80 - 2.10 (4H, br s), 2.30 - 3.00 (8H, m), 3.70 - 5.30 (11H, m), 7.05 - 7.35 (7H, m), 7.40 - 7.60 (2H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 546 (M⁺) Experimental Example 13 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (2.3g) and anisole (1.1g) were dissolved in methylene chloride (50ml) and stannic chloride (2.8g) was added thereto and agitated at room temperature for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture water was added and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution and dried on sodium sulfate and thereafter the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. Residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 50g) and eluted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane (70 parts) + ethyl acetate (30 parts) to give 4-acryloyl-2-[4-methoxyphenyl]-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.7g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.81 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.60 - 5.45 (5H, m), 5.50 - 7.60 (10H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 355 (M⁺) Experimental Example 14 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.2g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (0.95g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl) piperidinyl]propionyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.75g) (compound (d)). This compound (1.2g) was treated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 to obtain a hydrochloride (1.2g) in the form of powder. 3430, 1640 (for hydrochloride). ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.10 - 3.00 (15H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.70 - 5.21 (5H, m), 6.62 - 7.65 (12H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 530 (M⁺) Experimental Example 15 The above-mentioned 4-bromoacetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (2.5g) and sulfuryl chloride (1.5g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 7 to give 4-bromoacetyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.4g). This compound (0.30g), geraniol (0.30g) and zinc chloride (0.26g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 9 to give 4-bromoacetyl-2-geranyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.21g). Then, this compound (0.21g), 4-benzyl piperidine (0.11g) and potassium carbonate (0.13g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 6 to give 4-[1-(4-benzyl) piperidinyl]acetyl-2-geranyloxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.26g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.28 - 2.15 (11H, m), 2.48 - 3.40 (6H, m), 1.57 (3H, s), 1.64 (3H, s), 1.68 (3H, s), 3.80 - 5.30 (7H, m), 7.10 - 7.56 (9H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 532 (M⁺). Experimental Example 16 The above-mentioned 4-bromoacetyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.50g), 5-(acetamido)indole (1.0g) and zinc chloride (0.78g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 9 to give 4-bromoacetyl-2-[(5-acetamido) indole-3-yl]-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.67g). This compound (0.67g), 4-benzyl piperidine (0.33g) and potassium carbonate (0.40g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 6 to give 2-[(5-acetamido)indole-3-yl]-4-[1-(4-benzyl) piperidinyl]acetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.66g). 3470, 1670, 1630. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.10 - 5.35 (18H, m), 2.13, 2.15 (each 1.5H, each s), 6.80 - 7.95 (13H, m), 8.65 (1H, br s), 8.80 (1H, s). FD-MS (m/z): 552 (M⁺). Experimental Example 17 The above-mentioned 4-bromoacetyl-2-chloro-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.19g), anisole (0.07g) and stannic chloride (0.17g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 13 to give 4-bromoacetyl-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.17g). This compound (0.17g), 4-benzyl piperidine (0.09g) and potassium carbonate (0.11g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 6 to give 4-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]acetyl-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.20g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 1.00 - 3.55 (13H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.70 - 5.45 (5H, m), 6.62 - 7.56 (12H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 516 (M⁺). Experimental Example 18 The above-mentioned 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl] propionyl]-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.90g) was dissolved in THF (50ml) and aluminum lithium hydride (0.24g) was added thereto at 0°C and agitated at 0°C for 2 hours. After an excess amount of aluminum lithium hydride was decomposed with sodium sulfate.decahydrate, filtration was made with celite. After concentrating the resulting filtrate under reduced pressure, the concentrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 20g) and eluted by a mixed solvent of chloroform (98 parts) + methanol (2 parts) to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]propyl]-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.71g). 1595, 1480. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.24 - 2.92 (19H, m), 3.30 - 3.35 (2H, m), 3.78 (3H, s), 4.11 (2H, s), 6.65 - 7.45 (8H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 410 (M⁺). Experimental Example 19 The above-mentioned 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl] propionyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (1.0g) and aluminum lithium hydride (0.22g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 18 to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]propyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.46g). 1610, 1595, 1510. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 500MHz)δ: 1.24 - 2.93 (17H, m), 3.40 - 4.46 (5H, m), 3.79 (3H, s), 3.80 (3H, s), 6.69 - 7.50 (12H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 516 (M⁺). Experimental Example 20 The above-mentioned 4-acryloyl-2-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.20g), methanol (0.1ml) and stannic chloride (0.31g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 13 to give 4-acryloyl-2-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.19g). This compound (0.18g) and 4-benzyl piperidine (0.19g) were reacted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 to give 4-[3-[1-(4-benzyl)piperidinyl]propionyl]-2-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (0.25g). 1640. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 1.10 - 2.10 (7H, m), 2.40 - 2.95 (6H, m), 3.35 (3H, s), 3.65 - 5.10 (7H, m), 7.00 - 7.30 (7H, m), 7.35 - 7.55 (2H, m). FD-MS (m/z): 424 (M⁺). (Preparation of a starting material, 7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine) Preparation Example 1 2,5-Dihydroxy benzoic acid (50.0g) was dissolved in acetonitrile (400ml) and dimethyl sulfate (67.5ml) and potassium carbonate (98.1g) were added thereto and heated at reflux for 3 hours. Water was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution, thereafter dried on sodium sulfate and the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 200g) and eluted by a mixed solvent of n-hexane (95 parts) + ethyl acetate (5 parts) to give methyl 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy benzoate (47.1g). 3250, 1680, 1620. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.77 (3H, s), 3.94 (3H, s), 6.89 (1H, d, J=8.5Hz), 7.06 (1H, dd, J=2.9Hz, 8.5Hz), 7.27 (1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 10.27 (1H, s). Preparation Example 2 The above-mentioned methyl 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy benzoate (47.4g) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (400ml) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (43.8g) and dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride (48.00g) were added thereto and agitated at room temperature for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was poured in a 10% hydrogen chloride solution (300ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was washed with a saturated saline solution, dried on sodium sulfate and the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. The residue thus obtained was washed with a mixed solvent of n-hexane (2 parts) + ethyl acetate (1 part) to give methyl 2-[(dimethylamino)thiooxomethoxy]-5-methoxy benzoate (55.0g). mp 99.5 - 100.5°C 1710, 1490. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.37 (3H, s), 3.45 (3H, s), 3.83 (6H, s), 7.02 - 7.09 (2H, m), 7.45 - 7.51 (1H, m) Preparation Example 3 To the above-mentioned methyl 2-[(dimethylamino) thiooxomethoxy]-5-methoxy benzoate (20.0g), diphenyl ether (100ml) was added and heated at 265 - 270°C for 9 hours. After standing to cool, the reaction mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 200g) and eluted by a mixed solvent of n-hexane (65 parts) + ethyl acetate (35 parts) to give methyl 2-dimethylcarbamoylthio-5-methoxy benzoate (16.4g). mp 64.0 - 65.0°C 1720, 1650, 1590 ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.04 (6H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 7.00 (1H, dd, J=2.9Hz, 8.5Hz), 7.39 (1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 7.42 (1H, d, J=8.5Hz). Preparation Example 4 The above-mentioned methyl 2-dimethylcarbamoylthio-5-methoxy benzoate (20.0g) was dissolved in methanol (200ml) and sodium methoxide (8.0g) was added thereto and heated at reflux for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was poured in a 10% hydrogen chloride solution (300ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was washed with a saturated saline solution, thereafter dried on sodium sulfate and the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure. The residue thus obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Wako Gel C-200, 200g) and eluted by a mixed solvent of n-hexane (90 parts) + ethyl acetate (10 parts) to give methyl 2-mercapto-5-methoxy benzoate (11.0g). 1700, 1590, 1470. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 3.80 (3H, s), 3.92 (3H, s), 4.47 (1H, s), 6.88 (1H, dd, J=3.0Hz, 8.5Hz), 7.22 (1H, d, J=8.5Hz), 7.51 (1H, d, J=3.0Hz). Preparation Example 5 The above-mentioned methyl 2-mercapto-5-methoxy benzoate (6.5g) and 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride (4.6g) were dissolved in dimethylformamide (100ml) and sodium methoxide (4.7g) was added thereto under ice cooling and thereafter agitated at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was poured in a 10% hydrogen chloride solution (100ml) and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase was washed with a saturated saline solution, dried on sodium sulfate and thereafter the solvent was distilled out under reduced pressure to obtain a crude crystal. The crystal was washed with a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate (50 parts) + n-hexane (50 parts) to give 7-methoxy-5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (3.2g). mp 164.0 - 166.0°C 3350, 1645, 1450. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.93 - 3.14 (2H, m), 3.24 - 3.48 (2H, m), 6.92 (1H, dd, J=2.9Hz, 8.5Hz), 7.17 (1H, br s), 7.23 (1H, d, J=2.9Hz) 7.41 (1H, d, J=8.5Hz). FD-MS (m/z): 209 (M⁺) Preparation Example 6 Aluminum lithium hydride (2.73g) and the above-mentioned 7-methoxy-5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (5.0g) were added to THF (150ml) under ice cooling and heated at reflux for 3 hours. After adding an excess amount of sodium sulfate.10 hydrates, a celite filtration was made. The resulting filtrate was concentrated to give 7-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,4-benzothiazepine (4.4g). 1240, 1050. ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃, 100MHz)δ: 2.62 - 2.88 (2H, m), 3.27 - 3.58 (2H, m), 3.79 (3H, s), 4.09 (2H, s), 6.59 - 7.00 (2H, m), 7.46 (1H, d, J=8.5Hz). FD-MS (m/z): 195 (M⁺) (Pharmacological Test) Test Procedure (1) The heart from a male rat weighing 300 to 380 g was isolated and perfusion was made under water-gauge pressure of 80 cm according to Langendorff's method. A Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate solution (37°C, pH 7.4) containing 11 mM glucose, oxygenated with a mixed gas of 95% O₂ + 5% CO₂. Furthermore, the heart was compulsively driven by electrostimulation at 330 beats/min. After stabilizing for 10 minutes, perfusion was made for 10 minutes using the Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 5.5 mM calcium as calcium setting in which an amount of the test compound was dissolved. Thereafter, 0.5 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 mg of adrenaline was poured into the perfusate as a trigger drug, and after 1 minute, 1 ml of an aqueous solution containing 10 mg caffeine was added therein. After additional 2 minutes, the heart was taken out to be put in a formaldehyde solution. The heart was fixed in the formaldehyde solution and then was cut horizontally at intervals of about 3 mm. Each of the cut blocks was dehydrated, defatted and embedded in paraffin, in due form, and then was sliced into a 3 to 4 µm thickness. The cut sample was stained by Heidenhain's iron hematoxylin stain method to make a preparation. With an optical microscope, a five-rating evaluation (-, ±, +, ++, +++) was made on the basis of the degree of myocardial necrosis. Where the ratio of myocardial necrosis to the sectional area of the left ventricle of the heart was not more than 5%, i.e. (-) and (±), it was determined that there was a myocardial necrosis-inhibiting effect. Test Procedure (2) The heart from a male rat weighing 300 to 380 g was isolated and perfusion was made under water-gauge pressure of 80 cm according to Langendorff's method, under the same condition as in Test Procedure (1). A latex balloon was inserted in the left ventricle of the heart and used to measure both left ventricular pressure and heart rate. In this test, when the heart function had stabilized, perfusion was made for 10 minutes using the perfusate containing the compound to be tested, and change in the heart function was recorded. The value of heart rate (HR) x left ventricular pressure (LVP) was evaluated as an indication of heart function. Test Result Compounds to be tested Concentration (M) Case Numbers Degree of Myocardial Necrosis Effect on Heart Function (HR x LVP, Control=100%) Physiological saline 11 + ∼ ++ 100.2±5.4 Diltiazem Hydrochloride 10-6 3 + ∼ ++ 35.9±9.8 Diltiazem Hydrochloride 10-5 5 ± 10.4±5.2 Compound (a) 10-6 3 - ∼ ± 101.1±2.5 Compound (b) 10-6 3 - ∼ ± 92.3±7.2 Compound (c) 10-6 3 - ∼ ± 96.5±3.8 Compound (d) 10-6 3 - ∼ ± 96.0±5.4 It can be seen from the above-mentioned test (1) that all Compounds (a) - (d) have a more potent effect of inhibiting myocardial tissue necrosis than does diltiazem hydrochloride (trade name: HERBESSER). In addition, as can be seen from Test (2), even in doses large enough to inhibit myocardial necrosis, Compounds (a) - (d) have little effect on the heart. For this reason, Compounds (a) - (d), as the effective ingredient of drugs for myocardial protection which inhibit myocardial necrosis, are effective substances capable of exhibiting an aimed pharmacological effect without inhibiting the heart function, in the field of drugs for the prevention of acute myocardial infarction or prevention of recurrence thereof.

Claims: A 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative represented by the following Formula [I]: wherein each of substituent groups is defined as follows: R represents H or a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group; X represents O or H₂; n represents 1 or 2; R¹ represents H, a substituted phenyl group (wherein the substituent group is OH or a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group), , a C₁ - C₃ lower alkoxy group or (wherein R² represents a C₁ - C₃ acyl group), and ph represents a phenyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A drug for inhibiting myocardial necrosis which conprises as an effective ingredient one or more 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives represented by the following Formula [I]: wherein each of substituent groups is defined as in claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A drug for the prevention of acute myocardial infarction which comprises as an effective ingredient one or more 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives represented by following Formula [I]: wherein each of substituent groups is defined as in claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Inventors: KANEKO NOBORU, OOSAWA TATSUSHI, OOTA HIDEO, SAKAI TERUYUKI, KANEKO, NOBORU 2-41-10, CHITOSEDAI, OHTA, HIDEO, KIRINBEER KABUSHIKIKAISHA, OSAWA, TATSUSHI, KIRINBEER KABUSHIKIKAISHA, SAKAI, TERUYUKI, KIRINBEER KABUSHIKIKAISHA
Applicants: KANEKO NOBORU, KANEKO, NOBORU
Application year: 1991
Main classification: C07D417
IPC codes: A61P9, C07D417, A61K31