A concrete casting form tie arrangement and a method for casting a concrete element

Abstract: This invention relates to a clamping and fixing arrangement which functions to fixate the various elements of formwork or shuttering, preferably intended for moulding concrete. The arrangement is mainly characterized by an excentric locking device which is provided with an expandable excentric part (11) and which has a predetermined axial extension in an expanded state and an axial extension which is smaller than the predetermined axial extension in a non-expanded state. The invention also relates to a form tie and to formwork or shuttering.

Description: The present invention relates to a concrete casting arrangement according to the introductory part of the appended claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for casting a concrete element according to the introductory part of the appended claim 27. According to known techniques, certain clamping and fixating problems are solved, at least when casting concrete is concerned, by means of wedging devices. One drawback with such arrangements is the loud noise that is generated when the wedges concerned are knocked into place and also when knocked out of place, with the aid of sledge hammers or the like. The present invention relates to an arragement which is extremely quiet and rapid, among other things. Form tie arrangements of essentially the aforesaid kind are known to the art. Swedish Patent Application No. 8405045-9 teaches a form tie which can be mounted from the outside of one of the opposing form bottoms, by passing a tension rod through mutually opposing holes in the boards and causing one end thereof to coact with a fastener element provided on the outside of the other form bottom, and fastening the tension rod on the outside of said one form bottom by means of a wedge arrangement. Also provided is an expandable sleeve which can be expanded into sealing engagement with said holes. This known technique, and more conventional form-tie technique, is encumbered with serious drawbacks. For example, the wedge arrangement described above, which is also used in more conventional ties, frequently requires the use of sledge hammers or like tools, which results in injury, damage, noise pollution, etc. The known techniques are also highly time-consuming and problems are encountered with the reuse of sealing devices, among other things. Known from French document FR-A-580 253 is an eccentric clamping device. However, the document does not relate to a form tie arrangement for load bearing purposes. Known from US document US-A-2 133 574 is a concrete form tie using an eccentric looking device. However, this locking device functions in a wedge-like manner and does not include two support parts arranged for mutual axial displacement. Further, the form tie arrangement does not include a sealing element. The drawbacks of the known techniques are not found with the present invention. Thus, the inventive form tie can be quickly removed in a simple and quiet manner. Injuries and damage are avoided, and the components can be reused to a very high degree. Thus, the present invention relates to a concrete casting form tie arrangement according to the introductory part of the appended claim 1. The arrangement is especially characterized by the features specified in th characterizing part of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method according to the introductory part of the appended claim 27. The method is especially characterized by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 27. The invention will now be described with reference to exemplifying embodiments thereof and also with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a schematic, vertical and central sectional view of a first embodiment of an inventive form tie mounted adjacent two form bottoms; Figure 2 illustrates the arrangement of Figure 1 as seen from the right in said Figure; Figure 3 is a schematic vertical and central sectional view of a second embodiment of an inventive form tie mounted adjacent two form bottoms; Figure 4 illustrates the arrangement of Figure 3 as seen form the right in said Figure; Figure 5 illustrates a tension element as seen transversely to its longitudinal axis; Figure 6 illustrates the tension element of Figure 5 as seen from the left in said Figure; Figure 7 illustrates a fixating element which is intended for coaction with the tension element of Figure 5 and 6, seen in the direction of its longitudinal axis; Figure 8 illustrates schematically a first embodiment of an inventive form, in which two form-bottom parts, seen from the outside, are joined by means of excentric locking devices; Figure 9 illustrates schematically a second embodiment of an inventive form, where the form comprises a form for producing window and door openings and with which form elements are held at predetermined distances from one another by means of excentric locking devices, and in which Figure the form is shown at right angles to the plane of the main extension of the window or door opening; Figure 10 illustrates schematically a third embodiment of an inventive form consisting of an internal form or shuttering for producing shafts, and with which the form elements are held at predetermined distances from one another by means of excentric locking devices, said Figure showing the form in the intended direction of the shaft; Figure 11 illustrates schematically second embodiment of excentric locking, according to the invention, seen transversely to the expansion direction and parallel with the rotational axis or axes of the linkage arms provided, said Figure illustrating a non-expanded state of said excentric locking device; Figure 12 illustrates the arrangement shown in Figure 11 but with the excentric locking device in its expanded state; Figure 13 illustrates a left-hand support part according to Figure 11, seen from the right in said Figure; Figure 14 illustrates a right-hand support part according to Figure 11, seen from the right in said Figure; Figure 15 illustrates a left-hand linkage arm according to Figure 12, seen from the right in said Figure; Figure 16 illustrates a right-hand linkage arm according to Figure 11, seen from the right in said Figure; and Figure 17 is an axial section view through a second embodiment of a second fixating element, said Figure showing both the locked and the non-locked states. In Figure 1, the reference numeral 1 identifies form bottoms, more specifically two mutually opposing form bottoms each of which includes respective form boards 2, wherein concrete or the like is intended to be cast between the form bottoms 1 against the form boards 2. The reference numeral 3 identifies a form tie which functions to hold the form bottoms, and therewith also the form boards, in desired mutual positions, and includes at least one tension element 4 which extends between the panels 2 and connects the form bottoms, and at least two tension-element securing or fixating elements 5, 6 arranged externally in relation to the form boards, and a sealing element 7 through which the tension element is intended to pass between the panels and which is intended to lie sealingly against two mutually opposing holes 8, 9 in the form boards, said tension element extending through said holes. In addition to the form boards 2, the form bottoms 1 also include load-bearing parts 10, for example in the form of vertically extending columns. The reference numeral 5 identifies a first fixating or securing element which includes an excentric locking device provided with an expandable excentric part 11 and, when in an expanded locking state, providing a predetermined greatest distance between the form boards and also functioning to transmit the tension forces acting in the tension element during a casting operation to the form bottom in the form of compression forces, said excentric locking device being mounted adjacent said bottom. In the illustrated embodiment, the excentric locking device comprises a first support part 12 which is intended to support against load-bearing parts 10 of the form bottom, such as load-bearing parts 10 in the form of form joists or columns 10, and a second support part 13 which is intended to support against a stop means located adjacent the tension element 4, so as to enable the tension element to be placed under tension. The support parts 12, 13 are pivotally connected to an excentric, expandable linkage-arm arrangement 14 which in a first position or state, a non-expanded state, functions to hold the support parts 12, 13 close together in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tension element, the tension element preferably being relieved of load, and, in a second positional state, an expanded state, functions to hold the support parts spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tension element, said tension element optionally being placed under tension. Figure 1 shows the aforesaid non-expanded state. The illustrated embodiment includes linkage arms 15, 16 which are pivotally mounted on mutually parallel pivot shafts 17, 18, 18' which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tension element, and which, in this case, are connected to respective support parts 12, 13. Some of the linkage arms 16 are connected to an excentric 19 which can be pivoted around a pivot axis which extends substantially parallel with the pivot shafts or axes of the linkage arms, wherein the excentric locking device is switched between its non-expanded state and its expanded state by rotating of the excentric 19, and wherein the expanded state, and preferably also the non-expanded state, constitute stable excentric-locking states. Preferred embodiments are those in which both the support parts and the excentric has parts on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the tension element, as illustrated in Figure 3, in which case the longitudinal axis of said tension element preferably forms a symmetry line. As illustrated in broken lines in Figure 1, it is also preferred that part of the excentric locking device can be dropped away from the tension element, so as to enable the tension element to be withdrawn and removed from the form. Shown in the drawings is an embodiment in which said second support part has provided therein a U-shaped aperture or slot 20 which enables the support part to straddle the tension element. Also shown is an embodiment in which the end 4' of the tension element intended for coaction with the excentric locking device is provided with a stop-means 21 which can be moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tension element and which functions to subject the tension element to tension forces. In the illustrated case, the stop-means is moved by means of screw threads or helix 22. In the case of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, parts of the excentric locking device can be moved towards and away from the tension element in a substantially vertical plane. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, such movement can be effected substantially horizontally, through the intermediary of a U-shaped aperture 20, among other things. The second fixating or securing element 6 is intended to detachably coact with an end part 4'' of the tension element opposite said excentric locking device in a manner to maintain tension force in the tension element, said tension element being brought into coaction with the fixating element. According to one preferred embodiment, the aforesaid end-part 4'' includes a portion 23 of elongated cross-section, such as an oval or rectangular cross-section, as seen transversely to the long axis of the tension element, wherein corresponding fixating elements include an elongated hole 24 into which the elongated portion 23 can be inserted when in a given rotational position, shown in broken lines in Figure 1, and which cannot be withdrawn from said hole when in another position of rotation, shown in full lines in Figure 1. The fixating element 6 of this embodiment is mounted adjacent a form column 10 of the form bottom 1. According to another embodiment (not shown), the end-part 4'' is screw-threaded and the fixating element includes a corresponding nut means. The sealing element 7 is intended to coact sealingly with the mutually opposing holes 8, 9 provided in the form boards 2, while under axial compression. The reference 25 identifies a spacer arranged between an external part, such as a load-carrying part 10, of a form side and an end-part 7' of the sealing element, said spacer functioning to compress the sealing element axially. In the illustrated embodiment, the spacer is placed externally adjacent the same form bottom as the excentric locking device and extends between a load-carrying part 10 of the form bottom and an end-part 7' of the sealing element projecting externally from the hole 9 facing towards the excentric locking device in a corresponding form side. In the case of the illustrated configuration of the sealing element, the one end 7'' of the sealing element, the end of the sealing element remote from the excentric locking device, covers one of said holes, the hole 8, internally of a form board and is pressed axially against shuttering or form parts which surround the periphery of said hole in order to effect a seal. Shown is an embodiment in which the end of the sealing element remote from the excentric locking device overlaps said hole. Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment in which the sealing element is comprised essentially of an elastic sleeve 26, for instance a sleeve made of plastic material, a rubber-based material or the like, and is intended to be compressed pronouncedly in an axial direction and thus to expand radially and seal the holes 8, 9. In the case of the Figure 1 embodiment, the sealing element 7 includes resilient parts 27, 28 for coaction with said holes 8, 9, these resilient parts being intended for pronounced axial compression and are supported by intermediate parts 29 which are not compressed to any great extent. A preferred embodiment is one in which one end 7'' of the sealing element covers the holes while the other end of said element extends through a hole and sealing is effected by radial expansion therein, for instance in the hole 9. According to one preferred embodiment, the resilient or elastic parts of the sealing element intended for axial compression are made of Adiprene (registered trade mark) or some similar material, where the elastomeric material will not fasten essentially onto concrete that comes into contact with the sealing element. The aforesaid intermediate parts 29, which are not intended to be compressed axially, are preferably made of Robalon (registered trade mark) or some similar material, and are essentially conical in shape, thereby to facilitate withdrawal of said intermediate parts upon completion of a casting operation. The intermediate parts 29 are also not intended to fasten against the concrete, and are constructed to this end. The reference 30 identifies a support tube in which the tension element extends, at least between the sides of the form. In the embodiment of the tension element 4 and the fixating element 6 illustrated in Figures 5-7, at least the aforesaid end-part 4" includes a rod-like portion 31 having opposing cam parts 32 which give an elongated, oval, cross-sectional shape and which form a screw thread or helix, wherein corresponding fixating element 6 includes an elongated hole 24 provided with an internal screw thread 33, said holes and screw threads 33 being disposed such that the portion of elongated cross-sectional shape can be inserted into the elongated hole 24 in a given position of rotation and can be removed from said hole in another position of rotation. According to one preferred embodiment, the tension element comprises an element retailed under the tradename DIWIDAG. The fixating element 6 includes a nut which is retailed under the tradename DIWIDAG. The screw threads, however, are cut or machined on two diametrically opposing parts 34, so as to form said oval, cross-sectional shape. The form embodiment illustrated in Figure 8 includes at least two form elements, form bottoms, arranged in sequential rows. The form elements are held clamped and fixed in relation to one another at a join 35 by means of at least one (in the illustrated case two) excentric locking device of essentially the kind described in the aforegoing and including, among other things, an excentric part 11. The excentric locking device is intended to be in its expanded state when the form bottoms are clamped together. The form bottoms include fittings 36, 37 against which the excentric locking device will act in a manner to draw the form bottoms towards one another. In the illustrated case, a form bottom includes outwardly projecting tensioning means 37 in which a tension force which holds the form bottoms together can be applied by means of respective excentric locking devices. Figure 9 illustrates a form which is intended for casting door openings, window openings and the like. This form includes at least two form elements 38 which are held at a predetermined distance from one another such as to define an opening of predetermined width, where casting is intended to be effected externally against the form elements, which are held at a given distance apart by means of at least one (in the illustrated case three) excentric locking devices in an expanded state, said form elements including fittings 39 against which respective excentric locking devices are intended to act. The illustrated embodiment includes two form elements 38 in the form of substantially E-shaped frame elements disposed in opposing relationship. In this case, one excentric locking device is arranged to act between each pair of mutually opposing, horizontal element-parts 40. The internal shaft-building form illustrated in Figure 10 includes two mutually opposite form elements 41, each of which comprises two side-parts 42 and an intermediate part 43, said parts forming a brace-like or clip-like cross-sectional shape. The form elements 41 are held at a given distance apart by means of at least two excentric locking devices which, in their expanded states, act between each pair of mutually opposing side-parts 42. In the case of the second embodiment of the clamping and fixating device illustrated in Figures 11-16, the excentric part 11 of the excentric locking device includes a linkage-arm arrangement 14 having two linkage arms, a first arm 44 and a second arm 45, which coact pivotally with a respective support part, a first support part 46 and a second support part 47, where the pivot joints permit rotation around mutually parallel pivot axles 48, 49, 50 which extend transversely to the expansion direction of the excentric locking device and where each pivot includes at least one axle element 51, part of which has a cylindrical configuration, and a seat 52 which has a part of cylindrical configuration and which is intended for at least one axle element. In the illustrated embodiment, there is included a first linkage arm 44 which includes a corner part 53 which extends parallel with said pivot axles 48-50 and which carries at its extremity a bead 51 having a partially a cylindrical configuration and forming an axle element and which forms a stop surface 54, 55 on each side of said bead, and further includes two stop surfaces 56 located opposite said bead and separated by a seat 52. The axle element, the bead, for this linkage arm, and also for the second linkage arm, is comprised of two transversal parts where the linkage arm is intended to straddle a tension element. As will be evident from the following, the stop surfaces on the linkage arms and the support parts are arranged to define a distinct, non-expanded position, in which each of the linkage arms adopts a first limited rotational position, and a distinct expanded position in which each of the linkage arms takes a second limited rotational position. The embodiment also includes a second linkage arm 45 which includes two beads 51 which are partially of cylindrical configuration and each of which forms an axle element 51 and are separated by an intermediate stop surface 57. The linkage arm also includes two opposing stop surfaces 58, 59 on opposite sides of the two beads in relation to said intermediate stop surface 57. Also included is a first support part 46 which is intended to coact with said first linkage arm and which includes two stop surfaces 60, 61 separated by an intermediate seat for the bead of the first linkage arm and each arranged for stopping coaction with a respective stop surface located on each side of the bead. The reference 47 identifies a second stop part which is intended to coact with said second linkage arm 45 and which includes two stop surfaces 62, 63 separated by an intermediate seat 52 for the one and the other of the linkage-arm beads 51, and each of which is arranged for stopping coaction with a respective one of the stop surfaces 57 intermediate of the beads and the one of the two opposing stop surfaces of the second linkage arm, wherein the other of the beads of said second linkage arm is intended for the seat 52 of the first linkage arm, wherein the linkage arms are rotatable simultaneously between the stop surfaces of respective stop parts and herewith between their two limited rotational positions. The first support part 46 is intended to support against supporting parts of a form element and to be through-passed by a tension element, wherein the support part is preferably displaceable freely along the tension element. The second support part 47 is preferably mounted on the tension element with the aid of screw threads 47' and is held in a given axial position on the tension element by means of said screw threads, wherein a radial hole is preferably provided for a locking screw or the like, not shown. According to one preferred embodiment, the axle elements and the seats are included in the respective linkage arms and support parts, wherein said linkage arms and support parts with axle elements, etc. are formed integrally. The reference numeral 65 identifies a handle or the like mounted on the second linkage arm by means of which a switch between an expanded and a non-expanded state, and vice versa, can be made. Figure 17 illustrates a second embodiment of a second fixating element, in which said end-part 4'' includes a substantially cylindrical peg 66 having a circumferentially extending locking groove 66' and a part 67 connected axially therewith whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the peg and which carries externally a screw thread 68, which is preferably broken or interrupted in the circumferential direction. The fixating element also includes a locking sleeve 69 which is mounted on a preferably supporting part of a form element. The locking sleeve, in which said peg is intended to be inserted, includes an internal ball groove 70 extending circumferentially around said sleeve, and a latching pawl 71 which connects axially therewith and moves circumferentially, wherein two guide rings 72, 73 and at least one (in the present case two) intermediate locking balls 74 are arranged internally of the locking sleeve. The locking sleeve also includes an internal screw threaded part 79, which is preferably interrupted in the circumferential direction, wherein said guide rings 72, 73, in a first position, are intended to position the ball/balls in said ball groove 70, in which position the peg is not locked in the locking sleeve, and, in a second position, to position the ball/balls in said locking groove and radially inwardly of the latch, in which position the peg cannot be withdrawn from the locking sleeve, wherein said second position is intended to be taken subsequent to withdrawal of the peg from the locking sleeve to some extent and subsequent to rotation of the peg relative to the locking sleeve, to some extent. The reference numeral 76 identifies friction elements, or sealing elements, which have the form of O-rings arranged between the guide ring 72 located nearest the free end 66 of the peg and said peg or the locking sleeve for axial displacement of the guide ring. One embodiment of the invention, not shown, includes an array of spacers, preferably in the form of rings, which function to maintain a given distance between form boards, shuttering panels or the like, and which are placed between a supporting part of a form element connecting with an excentric locking device and the supporting part of said excentric locking device facing towards said form element, wherein at a given axial position of the excentric locking device, the distance between the form boards or can be increased and decreased by inserting and removing spacers respectively, said spacer arrangement including a marking which discloses the distance prevailing at that time. The manner in which the clamping and fixating device works will be understood in all essentials from the aforegoing. The excentric locking device enables a switch to be made between the two states of the excentric device in a very gentle and quiet manner, even when the excentric device is under load. The manner in which the inventive form tie arrangement functions will also be understood in all essentials from the aforegoing. Thus, the tension element of the tie is intended to be manipulated from one side of the form, and fixation/locking of the tension element can also be achieved from this same side of the form. The tension element is thus passed through holes in the sides of the form, such that the end of the tension element is in contact with a fixating element and can be locked axially thereto, by rotation. The excentric locking device is then activated, which when expanded holds the sides of the form in desired mutual positions. The sealing element is compressed axially by means of spacers, which are preferably rotatable, so as to seal against leakage from the cavity between the form sides. Subsequent to pouring concrete into the form and allowing the concrete to solidify or set, the sealing element is relieved of axial load, therewith causing the sealing element to contract radially and to release its contact with the concrete. Subsequent to bringing the excentric locking device to its non-expanded state, the locking parts can be moved away or to one side in a manner to enable the tension element and the sealing element to be withdrawn, removed and re-used. The manner in which the forms operate will also be evident from the aforegoing. Alternation between a moulding state and a non-moulding state can be effected quickly and quietly. The use of wedging arrangements and the drawbacks associated therewith are avoided. As will be evident from the aforegoing, the invention affords important advantages in comparison with known technology. For instance, the form tie can be mounted very quickly and with precision. The wedge arrangement that requires the frequent use of sledge hammers and like devices is avoided. Sealing and locking of the tension element is effected simply and very efficiently, thereby enabling the load on both the sealing element and the tension element to be removed in a very simple fashion. Although the invention has been described with reference to a number of exemplifying embodiments, it will be understood that other embodiments and minor modifications are conceivable within the concept of the invention. For example, the tension element 4 may be constructed in several ways. In the illustrated embodiments, the tension element has essentially the form of a rod. It will be understood, however, that the tension element may consist entirely or partially of a wire, cable or the like. The end/tip 4" intended for coaction with an insert-type fixating element 6 may be fixed to the tension element, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, although it may also be pivotally mounted on said element. The spacer 25 is preferably rotatable such as to take one position in which the sealing element is not subjected to axial compression and another position in which the sealing element is axially compressed. Although Adiprene (registered trade mark) has been mentioned as an example of the elastomeric material from which the axially compressible sealing element is made, it will be understood that other plastic materials of the polyurethane type and corresponding materials may be used. In many cases, a material having a large spring constant is desired, i.e. a material which will provide large compression forces at relatively small compression. Furthermore, although not shown, the holes that are left in the concrete by the sealing element and tension element can be filled with a so-called fibre repair rod. The diameter of the rod will preferably be slightly smaller than the diameter of the formed hole and is intended to be secured in the concrete with mortar which can be applied by dipping and which is preferably somewhat shorter than the length of the hole, for instance about 2 mm shorter. The repair rod will also have essentially the same diameter as the sealing element in its radially relaxed state. The invention shall not therefore be considered limited to the aforedescribed and illustrated embodiments thereof, since modifications can be made within the scope of the following Claims.

Claims: A concrete casting form tie arrangement (3) for holding opposing form bottoms (1) provided with form boards (2) in a desired mutual position, concrete being intended to be cast against said form boards, said arrangement including at least one tension element (4), which is intended to extend between opposing form boards (3), and two tension-element fixation or securing elements (5, 6) intended to be arranged externally of the form bottoms (1), and a sealing element (7), in which the tension element is intended to pass between form boards and which is intended to seal against two opposing holes (8, 9) in said boards, said tension element being intended to extend through said holes, characterized by a first fixating element (5) including an eccentric locking device and being arranged, in an expanded locking state, to provide a predetermined greatest distance between the form boards (2) and to transmit tensile forces, acting in the the tension element, in the form of compression forces to the form bottom (1) at which the eccentric locking device is arranged, the eccentric locking device including a first support part (12, 46) which is intended to support against load-bearing parts (10), such as form-column or form-joist parts (10) of a form bottom (1), and a second support part (13, 47) which is mounted on the tension element to take a given axial position relative to the tension element (4), so that a tension force can be applied to the tension element, said support parts being pivotally connected to an eccentrically expandable linkage-arm arrangement (14) for mutual axial displacement of the two support parts between a first position, a non-expanded position, said tension element preferably being relieved of load at this position, and a second position, an expanded position, corresponding to said expanded locking state, in which the support parts are held separated from one another in the axial direction of the tension element, the tension element being intended to be subjected to tensile forces, in this position. An arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized by linkage arms (15, 16) which are pivotally mounted on mutually parallel shafts or axles (17, 18, 18') which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tension element, certain linkage arms being connected to an eccentric (19), which is pivotal about a pivot shaft which extends substantially parallel with the shafts or axles of said linkage arms, wherein the eccentric locking device can be switched between a non-expanded state and an expanded state by rotation of said eccentric. An arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by two linkage arms (44, 45), which are intended for mutual pivotal coaction and to pivotally coact with a respective support part (46, 47), wherein the pivots permit rotation about mutually parallel pivot shafts or axles (48, 49, 50) which extend transversely to the expansion direction of the eccentric locking device, and wherein each pivot includes at least one axle element (51) of partially cylindrical configuration, and a seat (52) of partially cylindrical configuration intended for the axle element (51). An arrangement according to Claim 3, characterized in that the linkage arms (44, 45) and the support parts (46, 47) include stop surfaces which are intended to define a distinct, non-expanded position in which each of the linkage arms takes a respective first limited rotational position, and stop surfaces which are intended to define a distinct, expanded position in which each of the linkage arms takes a respective second limited rotation position. An arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the arrangement includes a first linkage arm (44) which comprises a corner part (53) which extends parallel with said pivot shafts or axles (48, 49, 50) and which carries at its extremity a bead (51) of partially cylindrical configuration and forming an axle element (51), and which corner part forms a stop surface on either side of said bead, and further comprises two stop surfaces (56) opposite said bead and separated by a seat (52) of partial cylindrical configuration; and in that said arrangement further includes a second linkage arm (45) which comprises two beads (51) of partial cylindrical configuration and each forming an axle element and being separated by an intermediate stop surface (57), and two opposing stop surfaces (58, 59) on opposing sides of the two beads in relation to said intermediate stop surface (57); and in that a first support part (46) is provided for coaction with said first linkage arm (44) and includes two stop surfaces (60, 61) separated by an intermediate seat (52) for the bead of the first linkage arm and intended for stopping coaction with a respective one of the stop surfaces (54, 55) located on each side of the bead (51); and in that a second support part (47) is provided for coaction with said second linkage arm and includes two stop surfaces (62, 63) separated by an intermediate seat (52) for the one bead of said second linkage arm and intended for stopping coaction with a respective one of the stop surface (57) intermediate of the beads and one of the two opposing stop surfaces (58, 59) of the second linkage arm, wherein the other bead of the second linkage arm is intended for the seat (52) of the first linkage arm, and wherein the linkage arms are rotateable simultaneously between the stop surfaces of respective support parts. An arrangement according to Claim 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that both the respective support parts and the linkage-arm arrangement are provided with a slot (20) which enables the support part to straddle the tension element (4). An arrangement according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that part of the eccentric locking device can be removed from the tension element (4) so as to enable said element to be withdrawn and removed. An arrangement according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, characterized in that the end (4') of the tension element (4) intended for coaction with the eccentric locking device is provided with a stop-part (21) which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the tension element and which is intended for applying tension force to said element. An arrangement according the Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, characterized by a second fixating element (6) which is intended to detachably coact with an end-part (4") of the tension element opposite said eccentric locking device such as to maintain a tension force in the tension element, wherein the tension element is preferably arranged to be brought into coaction with the fixating element (6) by rotation. An arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that said end-part (4") includes a part (23) of elongated, such as oval or rectangular, cross-sectional shape transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tension element, and in that a corresponding fixation element (6) includes an elongated hose (24) into which the elongated part (23) can be inserted in a given position of rotation and from which said elongated part cannot be withdrawn in another position of rotation. An arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that said end-part (4") is screw threaded, and in that the fixation element includes a corresponding nut means. An arrangement according to Claim 9, 10, or 11, characterized in that at least said end-part (4") includes a rod-like part having opposing cam parts which form an elongated, oval, cross-sectional configuration and also a screw-thread configuration; and in that a corresponding fixation element (6) includes an elongated hole having an internal screw thread, so that the part of elongated cross-sectional configuration can be inserted into the elongated hole (24) in a given position of rotation whereas said part cannot be withdrawn from said elongated hole (24) under mutual coaction of the screw threads in another position of rotation. An arrangement according to Claim 9, 10, or 11, characterized in that said end-part (4") includes a substantially cylindrical peg (66) which is provided with a circumferentially extending locking groove (66'), and a part (67) connected to said peg and having a greater diameter than the peg and which carries external screw threads (68), which are preferably interrupted in the circumferential direction; and by a locking sleeve (69) which as fixating element (6) is intended for arrangement adjacent a form element and in which said peg is intended to be inserted and which includes an internal, circumferentially extending ball groove (70), a latching poll (71) connecting therewith, wherein two guide rings (72, 73) and at least one intermediate locking ball (74) are arranged internally in relation to the locking sleeve, and an internal screw threaded part (75) which is preferably interrupted in the circumferential direction, and wherein said guide rings are intended, in a first position, to position the ball or balls (74) in said locking groove (66') and, radially, inwardly of said latching poll (71), in which position the peg cannot be withdrawn from the locking sleeve, wherein said second position is taken subsequent to withdrawing the peg to a given extent from the locking sleeve and subsequent to some extent. An arrangement according to Claim 13, characterized by friction element (76), preferably in the form of O-rings, arranged between at least the guide rings (72) located nearest the free end (66") of the peg (66) and the peg and locking sleeve respectively for axial displacement of said guide ring. An arrangement according to Claim 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14, characterized in that the end-part (4") intended for coaction with the second fixation element (8) is pivotally mounted on the remaining part of the tension element. An arrangement according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15, characterized in that the sealing element (7) is intended for sealing coaction with the mutually opposing holes (8, 9) in the form boards (2) under axial compression. An arrangement according to Claim 16, characterized by a spacer element (25) intended to be arranged between an external part (10), such as a load-bearing part (10) of a form bottom (1), and an end-part (7') of the sealing element, said spacer element functioning to axially compress the sealing element. An arrangement according to Claim 17, characterized in that the spacer element (25) is intended to be mounted externally of the same form bottom (1) as the eccentric locking device and to extend between a load-bearing part (10) of the form bottom and a part (7') of the sealing element which protrudes outwardly from the hole (9) in the form side remote from the eccentric locking device. An arragement according to Claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the spacer element (25) is pivotally mounted and is arranged so that it can be rotated to a position in which the sealing element is not subjected to axial compression and to a position in which the sealing element is subjected to axial compression. An arrangement according to Claim 16, 17, 18, or 19, characterized in that one end (7') of the sealing element is intended to cover one (8) of said holes internally of a form board (2) and is intended to be pressed axially against those parts of the form boad (2) which define the periphery of said hole so as to effect a seal. An arrangement according to Claim 20, characterized in that the end (7") of the sealing element remote from the eccentric locking device is intended to cover said hole. An arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the tension element is intended to extend in a support tube (30), at least between the form sides (2). An arrangement according to one of Claims 1 - 22 characterized in that the sealing element (7) substantially comprises a sleeve (26) made of elastomeric material, such as an elastic plastic material, a rubber-based material or the like, intended for pronounced compression in an axial direction. An arrangement acccording to one of Claims 1 - 23, characterized in that the sealing element (7) includes elastic parts (27, 28) intended for coaction with said holes (8), said parts being intended for pronounced axial compression and being carried by intermediate parts (29) which are not intended to be compressed to any substantial degree. An arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the parts (26, 27, 28) of the sealing element (7) intended for axial compression are made of a material, which will not fasten substantially to concrete coming into contact with the sealing element. An arrangement according to one of Claims 1 - 25, characterized in that parts (29) of the sealing element which are not intended for compression are of a substantially conical shape, thereby to facilitate withdrawal upon completion of a casting operation. A method for casting a concrete element using an arrangement according to one of Claims 1 - 26, characterized in that subsequent to completion of a casting operation, said sealing element and tension element are replaced with a repair rod of fibre concrete which functions to repair the hole left by said two elements in the cast concrete. A method according to Claim 27, characterized in that the repair rod, having a diameter which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the formed hole, is secured in the concrete with mortar, which can be applied by dipping, the rod preferably being somewhat shorter than the length of the hole, for instance about 2 mm shorter. A method according to Claim 27 or 28, in which the sealing element is expanded in a radial direction for sealing, characterized in that the repair rod has essentially the same diameter as the diameter of the sealing element when said element is in a radially non-expanded state.

Inventors: TARALDSSON LEIF BOERJE, TARALDSSON, LEIF BOERJE, Taraldsson, Leif Börje
Applicants: TARALDSSON LEIF B, TARALDSSON, LEIF BOERJE
Application year: 1991
Main classification: E04G17
IPC codes: E04G17, E04G15