A METHOD OF STORING DATA RELATING TO THE LIFE OF A COMPLICATED PRODUCT

Abstract: A method for storing the life data of complicated products, primarily different types of automotive vehicle, particularly cars, comprising the contactless transmission of information between a transmitter/receiver unit and a transponder. The transmitter/receiver unit includes one or more oscillators, transmitter and receiver antennas, a modulator and a detection circuit, and the transponder includes a transmitter/receiver antenna, a modulator and a detection circuit. The transponder is intended to accompany the product during its manufacture and to also accompany the finished product. The invention is characterized in that the transponder (24; 29) is caused to communicate in a contactless fashion with both the transmitter/receiver unit (27; 28; 20) and a transmitter device which is located in a vehicle and incorporated in a data network in the vehicle, by making the data network in the product identical to or compatible with the data network used for the contactless transmission between the transmitter/receiver unit (27; 28; 20) and the transponder (24; 29) in the manufacture of the product.

Description: A Method of Storing Data Relating to the Life of a Complicated Product The present invention relates to a method of storing data relating to the life or history of ccπplicated products. An example of such products are various kinds of automotive vehicle, particularly cars. The kind of device used to this end is a t_ransponder, a registration transmitter or a so-called escort memory. A caramon feature of all devices of this kind is that they are able to communicate with a so- called registration unit which includes a transmitter/receiver unit. This ccraminiσation is t_ro-__irectiθ-_ιl, since the registration unit is able to transmit a signal cxataining information which is received by the transponder and stared therein. F__rt_hermore, the registration unit can transmit a query signal which is reflected by the transponder while the signal is modulated with a signal corresponding to the information found stored in the transpαider. By reflection is meant that the transmitted query signal is received by the transponder and re-ransmitted without adding new energy to the signal. Registration units and transponders of this kind are known from the Swedish Patent Specification Nos. 7503620-2 and 7609732-8, among others. In modern production and service apparatus, it is important that data is continuously collected and stored with respect to the compli¬ cated product concerned, and that the correct data is available at the right time for the right product. This is particularly iπportaπt in the case of so-called ccmπputer assisted and computer integrated manufacture, CAM and CIM, where data feedback relating to ccπplicated products, such as cars, household πachines, etc. , is essential during the whole of their life cycle. In automated and computer assisted production lines for cαmplicated products, for example cars, it is normal to use transponders or escort memories fitted to the product, so that different production data is automatically stored on the product. Such registration t-_r___πύtter, transponders or escort memories are well known to the art. These units are based on a two-way «_mrπunication link which utilizes electromagnetic waves in a frequency range of from 100 kHz and up to IR. Such registration transmitters have properties which are adapted to different applications, with respect to signal range, memory capacity, data speed, etc. One requirement in the car industry is that the registration trans¬ mitter shall be able to pass tiirαugh varnishing furnaces heated to terφeratures of up to 250°C. This requirement is satisfied by providing the registration transmitter with a heat protector, or by supplying the registration transmitter with energy in a cordless fashion from the registration unit and therewith omitting a battery, althσu the range is much smaller in this case. When using a registration transmitters or escort memories in a pro¬ duction line, the registration transmitters or escort memories are reused subsequent to having passed t___αugh a production line, i.e. are returned to the thinning of the line and fitted to a new product. It is also normal to use different registration transmitters in different sections of a production line. It is desirable to be able to use one and the same registration transmitter tiirσughout the whole of the production line, and also to allcw such a registration transmitter to stay permanently with the product, the car, and therewith provide a function in subsequent service and ιr_=___nt__nance of the vehicle. It has not been possible to fulfil these desiderata for several reasons, as will be explained below. One problem with the use of such registration t___r__mitters or trans¬ ponders in storing life data relating to a product, such as a car, is that they must be so inexpensive as to render it unnecessary to reuse the same for cost reasons. The actual problem lies in the fact that a transponder which will fulfil __equ__rements during manufacture of the product and which will cxxπraunicate with a computer in the finished product has hitherto been much too expensive. This drawback is associated, among other things, with the necessary maximum range of information transmission which must necessarily be found in certain sections of the production line, and also the large amount of data which needs to be stored in the transponder in certain stages of manufacture. In order to obtain a sufficiently long range, it is necessary to transmit the information in the form, for instance, of signals of microwave frequency. However, the expense incurred by the use of such techniques is totally vmacceptable when the transponder is mounted in the finished product for the purpose of exchanging information with a local «_mputer. Flirtheπnαre, the maximum amount of data required in manufacture is greater than what is necessary in the finished product. These problems are solved by the present invention. The Swedish Patent Specification No. 8802230-6 teaches an arrangement for the contactless transmission of a serial two-^wire data bus, comprising a clock line and a data line connected to a transmitter, a receiver and a dernodulatαr. The transmitter includes an oscillator and a modulator which is intended for modulating the signal generated by the oscillator in response to the signal on the clock line and data line respectively. The invention a_-ording to this patent is characterized in that the modulator is constructed to perform two significant, separate modulation steps which do not coincide in time on the signal generated by the oscillator, and consequently two i_ndependeπt signal channels are formed, of which a first is intended to carry data signals and the other to carry clock signals. The demodulator is intended to demodulate a signal which has been modulated by the receiver and received in the aforesaid manner, and is con¬ structed to recreate the aforesaid two signals. The demodulator has a clock-line output and a data-line output. This patent specification thus teaches a method of separating the data and clock lines, despite using only one single communication signal with the contactless transmission of data. The Swedish Patent Specification No. (Patent Application 8902808-8) teaches an advantageous method of enabling in such data buses or other data links the signals transmitted from the master side to be used as guide oscillators on the slave side, and therewith to enable the slave side to transmit signals which are received on the master side without the signals transmitted by the master side disturbing reception of the signals transmitted from the slave side and withcut the occurrence of zero points, so-called nodes, in the signal arriving from the slave side. Patent Specification No. (Patent Application 8902808-8) teaches a method of contactless transmitting information between a trans- mitter/receiver unit and a transponder, this trarismitter/reoeiver unit including oscillators, txansmitting and receiving antennas, a modulator and a detection circuit. The tr___φo_der includes a trans¬ mitter/receiver antenna, a ______lat___ and a detection circuit. The invention is characterized in that the transmitter/receiver unit is caused to transmit a first and a second carrier wave which have differeπt frequencies (fl, f2) but the same phase; in that the dif¬ ference frequency is formed in the transponder; in that a tiiird signal having the difference frequency (f3) is caused to be divided into a fourth signal having half the difference frequency (f4) ; in that the fourth signal is caused to modulate the two carrier waves received in the transponder fcy applying the carrier waves to a diode or the like, so that the received carrier waves are reflected back to the transπatter/receiver unit; in that the signal received in the transmitter/receiver unit is mixed therein with one of the frequencies of the first or the second carrier waves; and in that the two sidebands on respective sides of the carrier wave frequency at which said mixing takes place are produced, these sidebands differing from the last mentioned carrier wave frequency fcy a frequency whicii is equal to half the difference frequency (f4) , wherein that sideband which has a frequency midway of the carrier wave frequency is a superimposed sideband which is caused to have an amplitude which differs from the amplitude of the other sideband, and wherein the pair of sidebands are filtered out and detected in the detecting circuit of the trans¬ mitter/receiver unit with respect to the information content of said sideband pair. Thus, in combination, these two last mentioned patent specifications teach a method of designing a contactless cαπtunicatiαn link inexpen- sively, in that only one (_x_mmύnication signal is required and in that the traiisponder need not include a local oscillator. Although these patent publications describe t___hniques which provide an inej ensive transponder, the patent specifications do not disclose how such an inexpensive transponder is able to fulfil the aforesaid requirements, namely that the transponder shall be adapted both to inanufacture and also to subsequent use in the product irarrufactured. The present invention thus relates to a method of storing life data, or history data, of complicated products, primarily various types of a-itcmotive vehicle, particularly cars, αaπprising the contactless transmission of information between a txansmitter/receiver unit and a transponder, said t_ι______itter/receiver unit includi g one or more oscillators, transmitter and receiver antennas, a modulator and a detection circuit, and the transponder including a txansmitter/re¬ ceiver antenna, a modulator and a detection circuit, said transponder being intended to accoπpany the product during its manufacture and also to accompany the finished product, said method being characterized in that the transponder is caused to communicate contactless with both said transmitter/receiver unit and a transmitter-receiver device located in a vehicle and incorporated in a data network in said vehicle, in that the data network in the product is made identical to or compatible with the data network used for the contactless trans- mission between the t__n__nitter/receiver unit and the transponder during manufacture of the product. The invention will now be described in more detail, partly with reference to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention illustrated in the aσcαπpanying drawings, in which Figure l illustrates schematically a communication link con¬ structed in accordance with known techniques; Figure 2 illustrates schematically a cαmmunication link with inductive coupling; Figure 3 illustrates schematically a communication link with capacitive coupling; and Figure 4 illustrates schematically, among other things, an auxiliary unit for the transponder. The present invention relates to a method of storing data concerning the life history of cαrplicated products, primarily different types of automotive vehicle, particularly cars, comprising the contactless transmission of information between a transmitter/receiver unit and a transponder. The transponder may be of any suitable known kind, and it will therefore be understood that the invention is not limited to the use of any particular type of transponder. In the following, the invention is described with reference to its application with cars, although it will be understood that the invention can be applied with all sorts of products that are compli¬ cated and with which it may be important to have knowledge of produc- tion data in, for instance, the subsequent service of the product concerned. In addition to cars, exaπples of such products include household machines, electronic apparatus, copying machines, etc. The transponder is thus intended to accompany the product during its manufacture and also to acxxxπpaπy the finished product. To this end, the transmitter/receiver unit includes one or more oscillators, transmitter and receiver antennas, a modulator and a detection circuit. The transponder includes a txansmitter/receiver antenna, a modulator and a detection circuit. Figure 1 is a block schematic of a serial two-wire data bus constructed in accordance with Swedish Patent Specification No. SE 8802230-6, in which there is provided on the ,l master"-side a t__ar_3mitter which includes an oscillator 1 which is intended to transmit a signal to a receiver 2 on the "slave"-side in a so-called cordless manner. The txansmitter includes a modulator 3, to which there is connected a clock line 5 and a data line 4 belonging to the serial bus. The modulator is intended to modulate the signal generated by the oscillator, this modulated signal being transmitted. The receiver 2 is intended to deliver the received signal to a demodu¬ lator 6 which has an output 7 for the clock line 8 of said bus and an output 9 for the data line 10 of said bus. The demodulator 6 is intended to recreate the signal content in the clock line 4 and the data line 5 respectively. The receiver 2 and the demodulator 6 are included in the txarisporider, which is also provided with a memory 13, see Figure 4. The meaαary is αaistxucted so that information can be both written into and read from the memory. With regard to the construction of the transponder, the transponder can be constructed without its own local oscillator, when arranged in accordance with Swedish Patent Specification ... (Patent Application 8902808-8) , where the transmitted clock signal generates an internal frequency. The person skilled in this art is fully capable of con¬ structing the transponder in this manner. However, the transponder may also be provided with a local oscillator, in a kncwn manner. According to one preferred embodiment, the frequency generated in the oscillator 1 is comparable with the data speed applied and is therewith in the order of magnitude kHz. In accordance with one preferred embodiment, the aforesaid cordless transmission is effected with the aid of an inductive transmission device, where both the aforesaid transmitter and the aforesaid receiver include a coil 11, 12, see Figure 2. Figure 2 illustrates schematically an arrangement which is in accor¬ dance with a first embodiment of the invention, in which the oscillator 1 drives an alternating current through the txansmitter coil 11, see Figure 3a, this alt__n_ating current being sinusoidal, for example. An alternating voltage is generated in the receiver coil 12 by inductance coupling. Althou not shown, the receiver 2 includes a rectifier bridge and a sr_oot_ιing capacitor, thereby producing a direct voltage for transponder operation. By using a nonvolatile memory in the transponder, i.e. a memory *__ich maintains information without having a voltage applied thereto, no battery is needed in the transponder. This is an important feature, because it enables the transponder to be mounted on the chassis of the car as the car passes through the varnishing ovens, without needing to insulate the transponder to an extent such as to ensure that the transponder will not be heated to a t___perature harmful to the battery. What has been described above with reference to to Figures 1 and 2 belongs to the kncwn prior art. According to the present invention, the transponder is caused to communicate in a contactless fashion with both the transmitter/receiver unit 27 and a transmitter device provided in a vehicle and incorporated in a data network in said vehicle, and in that the data network in the product is made identical to or cαrpatible with the data network used for the contactless transmission between the txar___itter/receiver unit and the transponder 24 during the manufacture of the product. n_ This affords significant advantages. One jjπpσrtant advantage is that it enables the transponder to be produced in a simple and inexpensive basic design, which accompanies the vehicle all the way, where it is unnecessary to interfere with the transponder or the transponder connections in order for the transponder to be able to cxximunicate with, for exaπple, the onboard __puter of the vehicle. The transponder is attached in seme suitable position on the bottom plate of the car at the beginning of the production line. The transponder is not subsequently moved from this position. When fitting the electric cables and wires to the car, a transmitter device is fitted and connected through said cables to the onboard cxmputer of the car. This transmitter device is constructed as and corresponds to the transmitter/receiver unit 1, 3 - 5, 11. Because the transmitter device is in∞rpαrated in the data network of the vehicle, and because the data network in the product is made identical to or compatible with the data network used for the contactless transmission between the t-____smitter/receiver unit and the transponder during manufacture of the product, the transponder is immediately ready for communication when the txarismitter-receiver device is fitted. According to one preferred embodiment, the ccππunicatiαn interface at the transponder is inductive. This interface thus lies between the coils 11, 12. When the size of the transponder is in the order of seme few centimeters, the range of such inductive transmission will be in the order of 1 meter. According to another preferred e_r__x_d__ment of the ________tiαn, the ccmπunicatiαn interface at the transponder 29 is capacitive. This is illustrated in Figure 3, in which the same reference figures as those used in Figure 2 have been used to identify equivalent car corresponding devices. In this errtoodiment, a number of electrodes 14-17 are used for transmission, instead of coils. It is also conceivable to combine a capacitive communication interface with coils for transmitting energy to the transponder :L__ductively. The range of a capacitive communication interface is in the order of 1 decimeter. Thus, the txansmitter device fitted to the vehicle is caused to transmit and receive signals from the transponder, in the same manner as the t__ar___n tter/receiver unit, i.e. inductively or capacitively. Another important advantage provided by the invention is that, during πanufacture, the transponder may be given a longer range than the aforesaid ranges, fcy fitting an auxiliary unit teπporarily to the transponder. According to one preferred eaαoodiment, the txansmitter/receiver unit is therefore caused to communicate fcy transmitting and receiving signals of mic_rσwave frequency, at the same time as the transponder is caused to cxammunicate at its aπraunication inter ace in the afore- said manner, i.e. either inductively or capacitively, fcy means of a transponder auxiliary unit. The auxiliary unit is caused to convert received signals of micrcwave frequency to an inductive or, alternatively, a capacitive signal for transmission to the transponder, and also to convert signals trans¬ mitted by the transponder to signals of micrcwave frequency and to transmit these signals to the t-__ns__itter/receiver unit. This is illustrated in Figure 4, in which the reference numeral 20 identifies the transmitter/receiver unit with a micrcwave antenna 21. The reference numeral 22 identifies the auxiliary unit with its antenna 23. The auxiliary unit may be constructed to include a micro¬ wave receiver of known kind _Λιich is adapted, in a suitable known manner, to control means intended to control the current in a trans¬ mitter coil 11 in aσcαrdanσe with the modulation of the received micxαwave signal. The auxiliary unit is adapted to control a modulator in response to the signal transmitted fcy the transponder coil 12, in a corresponding manner, such that the transmitted micrcwave signed is modulated to contain the same information as that transmitted by the txanspαnder coil 12. The area or section bordered by fcαrαken lines in Figure 4 constitutes the transponder 24 in its basic design. As a result of the t__τpαrarily fitted auxiliary unit, the t_transmi_____r/receiver unit 20 will understand the region 25 defined fcy chain lines to be a transponder. The teaπpαrary use of the auxiliary unit 22 t___pαrarily increases the range. The auxiliary unit, hcwever, is reused and therefore does not add to the cost of the transponder. The transponder 24 can thus be of a very inexpensive and simple basic design. According to one preferred embodiment, the aforesaid auxiliary unit forms an additional memory, by means of which the data storage capacity of the transponder is increased when the transponder 24 exacts with the auxiliary unit 22. This additional memory is referenced 26 in Figure 4. This enables the memory of the transponder 24 to be made smaller and less expensive. This additional memory is often necessary during the manufacturing phase of a product, in order to be able to store all of the production data. In car manufacture, the need of a memory is great on the assembly line. The assembly line also has the need of a long-range transponder. There is less need for a memory upstream and dewnstream of the assembly line. The demand placed en transponder range is also less stringent. In the aforegoing, the auxiliary unit has been exemplified by working with micrcwave frequencies. Hcwever, light can be used as the communication means, instead of microwaves. Accordingly, in accordance with one embodiment, the transmitter/re¬ ceiver unit is caused to communicate fcy txarismitting and receiving light signals, such as infrared light, while the transponder is caused to communicate at its cxmmunication interface in the aforesaid manner, i.e. inductively or capacitively, with a transponder auxiliary unit, this auxiliary unit being caused to convert received light signals to an inductive or, alternatively, a capacitive signal for transmission to the transponder, and also to convert signals trans- mitted by the trarisponder to light signals and transmit these light signals to the transmitter/receiver unit.

Claims: Claims 1. A method for storing the life data of complicated products, primarily the life data of different types of automotive vehicle, particularly cars, comprising the contactless transmission of informa¬ tion between a txcinsmitter/reσeiver unit and a transponder, said txansmitter/receiver unit including one or more oscillators, txans¬ mitter and receiver antennas, a modulator and a detection circuit, and said transponder __ncluding a transmitter/receiver antenna, a modulator and a detection circuit, said transponder being intended to accoπpany the product during its manufacture and also the finished product, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by causing said transponder (24; 29) to cx_3iπunicate in a contactless fashion with both said trans¬ mitter/receiver unit (27; 28; 20) and a txansmitter device which is placed in a vehicle and inc__cpσrated in a vehicle data network, in that the data network in the product is made identical to or compatible with the data network used far the contactless transmission between the txarLsπ t-jer/receiver unit (27; 28; 20) and the transponder (24; 29) in the manufacture of said product. 2. A method ac_cording to Claim 1, character i z ed fcy making the communication interface at the transponder (24) inductive. 3. A method according to Claim 1, character i z ed by making the cxmmunication interface at the transponder (29) capacitive. 4. A method according to Claim 2 α 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by causing the vehicl ^ e-mouπted transmitter device to transmit and receive signals from the transponder (24; 29) in the same way as the txaι__x__tter/receiver unit (27; 28), i.e. either inductively or capacitively. 5. A method according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d by causing the _xans_ι tter/receiver unit (20) to cx___ _nicate fcy txansmitting and receiving signals of micrcwave fre¬ quency; and fcy causing a transponder (24; 29) to ccraπunicate at its communication interface in a similar manner, i.e. either inductively or capacitively, with the aid of an auxiliary-unit (22) for said transponder, said auxiliary unit (22) being caused to convert received signals of micrcwave frequency to an inductive or, alternatively, a capacitive signal for transmission to the transponder (24; 29) , and also being caused to convert signals laransmitted by the I ansponder (24; 29) to signals of microwave frequency and to transmit the signals to the txaiTsmitter/reσeiver unit (20) . 6. A method according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d fcy causing the txar_____itter/receiver unit (20) to communicate by txansπ tting and receiving light signals, such as infrared licfit signals, and by causing a transponder (24; 29) to ccmmunicate at its cxjmmunication interface in the same manner, i.e. inductively or capacitively, with an auxiliary unit (22) for the transponder (24; 29) , said auxiliary unit (22) being caused to convert received liφ signals to an inductive or, alternatively, a capacitive signal for transmission to the transponder (24; 29) , and also being caused to convert signals transmitted fcy the ■ transponder to light signals and transmit the signals to the txansmi___=__/receiver unit (20) . 7. A method according to Claim 5 or 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by causing the auxiliary unit (22) to form an additional memory (26) which functions to increase the data storage capacity of the trans¬ ponder (24; 29) when the transponder coacts with the auxiliary unit (22).

Inventors: HENOCH BENGT, HENOCH, BENGT
Applicants: HENOCH BENGT, HENOCH, BENGT
Application year: 1991
Main classification: H04B1
IPC codes: G06K7, G07C5, G07C9