ELECTRONIC EQUIPEMENT FOR PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN VEHICLES

Abstract: Electronic equipment, including encoder and decoder, used for transmitting and receiving alarm signals to prevent and warn of collision between vehicles. The equipment uses photocells and infrared or microwave rays to (a) provide an alarm signal in the event of collision, (b) allow vehicles to maintain a safe distance apart, (c) automatically apply a hydraulic brake, (d) automatically dip headlights of two approaching vehicles (e) alarm of cross proximity between vehicles, (f) klaxon electronic.

Description: ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FOR PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN VEHICLES Technical Fields: My invention relates in an electronic equipment composed by a large of microelectronic devices, for vehicles, motorcycles or simile able to prevent eventually first and sucessive collision for the unexpected instance and pre-advicing instantaneously those imminents risks and at a quick distances in a few seconds of time. This equipment, is composed with of many of electronic components with different function, placed and wellded on a circuit board, arrange inside of a hard case, and the base plate is made in a hard epoxy fiber glass resin and contain those relative wiring for printing circuit board, to guarranty of maximum security in case of impact between vehicles, and a front panel with leds for visualization, and devices for acoustic tonnelity. Preamblo Parts of Invention. In the urban and extra-urban area, this electronic equipment together with his particular and appropriate devices, is to consent of reducing risks and collisions between vehicles or similar. My invention is known and claimed on date 07/11/90, demand patent n° - 48453A90, with a title: Electronic Ricetransmitter for Vehicle With Sound Pulse Vesible for Pre-Advice of Danger Collision Happen at Quick Distance Where are not Visible Between Vehicles And Alarm for Distance of Security To Both Sides And Pre-disposed With Automatic Hidroelectric Brake Systems. Composed with pulses acoustics and visible to pre-advice of risks and collisions happen in a quick distance, there where are not visible between vehicles or simile. It is composed also with alarm for distance of security placed on both four sides of the vehicle and pre-disposal of automatic hidroelecτric brake system. The reffered above mentioned documents, are deposited on MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY OF COMMERCE, central patent office ROMA(ITALY). This equipment is assembled with a very sophisticated electronic devices which the function of them is to prevent and resolve collisions between vehicles, to the place where the conditions coincide of risks and collisions. Disclosure Parts of Invention. A) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript already on preceding claim. Electronic transmitter codificator with pulses acoustic and visual signal. This first device is finally employed to transmitte alarm signals of time instantaneously when vehicles comes at self collision, or blocked up cast-road and when they're implicated in collision with another vehicle. Let's say thank's for those series of censors, utilized for when came an impact between two vehicles in order of the discret power, and from that impact, automatically this codificator enters in function sending by antenna a radio signal codificated of range about 3.000 to 5.000 meters of distance. To avoid false alarm this same operation can be doed by sample manual switch, by breaking in case of emergency to switch it on. B) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript already on preceding claim. Electronic Decodificator receiver with pulses for acoustic and visual signals. This receiver goes automatically in pre-function at the same moment that the driver insert the key to start the motor on from the vehicle. This device remains allways in stand-by position during the driving time. It should automatically change to the alarm signal, if only when at the present area pahraps have some incident, or by disbandding cast-road o collision from vehicles, in that time, this decodificator discriminates those pulses signals received, and then it send them in form of acoustics tonnes to the speaker and to be visualized by determined leds of collours, green, yellow and red placed at the front panel of the equipment. The approximate distance in refference of the collours leas, are: For green led = 5.000 to 3.000 meters approximately. For yellow led = 3.000 to 500 meters approximately. For led = 500 to the point where the collision or blocked-up cast-road occurs. The advantage of this alarm signal, were sended to all vehicles which are in driving way of the interest area, is very preciously to all drivers man accordingly to drive with very carefully, because they're informed already because in the area of quick distance it is present some incident or collision between some vehicles in order to avoid an ennoumerous chain collisions. But if the driver is to proceed to an collision area lets say about 300 meters from the vehicle point but if he is driving at sustain velocity and if he did'nt not see yet any incident already by cause of shortage of visibility, or by the road corner on the day time it is vital for those few seconds of time, either for who is proceed and also for who is implicated in the first collision or by blocked-up cast-road. This fewcher seconds of vital time are preciously for the driver to immediate visualization to leds which are of collours, blue yellow and red, in according him to moderate the velocity. Obviously, if the vehicle is driving at opposit direction, these leds will tell the driver, that the vehicle is goes further from the point center of the collision and between a few seconds of time, those signals will attenuate and they will becomes invisible by the leds. C) Device for Alarm System for Distance of Security Between Vehicle or Simile. For this device, by to profit the transmitter section, explained at point A and B and than'ks for the electronic devices utilized for this system and the addition of the infra-red rays cells, microwaves or simile, we can resolve many of driving problems cf short visibility while we know that this is the most cause of the ennoumerous collisions. This device will come in the pre-function, just only when it recognize the condition of short visibility, intensity rain, ' foggy, tunnel, darck etc. and it will remain in stand-by position, untill approaching at maximum limit distance of security, it automatically comes in alarm function either by acoustic bittonai sounds, but offcourse different alarm tonns from that one of collision happens, but also visible by leds of collours blue placed on the dash-board and an intensity small red light lamp placed to the posterior point outside of the vehicle to give the attention for those vehicles are not yet equiped with these devices. At this time the driver who receives this alarm signal is sure at 100% that on front of .his vehicle have another vehicle that is driving at the same way, and have the same equipment and by consequence, he could take care on these following rules: 1°= Reduce imediately the velocity of the vehicle and keep off from the collision point and doing so the alarm will stop. 2°= If the condition will permit him to make a sorpass, by just insert the indicator of the direction, the alarm will automatically stop and having maked the sorpass and not found any other vehicle at the same way, also the alarm would stop, and it should goes automatically to the stand-by position. Anytime the vehicle approach near to the other vehicle side by side in risk of collision, the alarm will sound to both of them and visualized by illuminated led of collour light- blue placed at dash-board of this equipment. Obviously, at the same time it can be excluded through a pusn- buttom placed at front dash-board panel when are in the urban circulation area, and with these devices we're resolving the problems of collision in most case of driving security. D) Automatic Device for Easy Slow+Down.the Velocity or Brake. For this point,as to profit the points A and B of this description we have just only a predisposed a circuit relay, connected in parallel with the device of distance security, explaned at point C, at that moment it receives any pulse voltage from the 12 volts battery, according to switch on an hidroelectric pomp to operate as close circuit, to open or close electrovalve utilized for brake systems. Note that this predisposition svstem could be very useful! to the drivers of prontly interview in emergency situation. Fortunately, as a profit of this above mentioned system it was very easy to arrive a conclusion of a new invention, as follow: 1°= Prevent and to solve collision into cross proximity from two vehicles or similar. 2°= Commutate automatically driving lights and anti-dazzle lights between two vehicles. 3°= To substitute the use of klaxon from vehicle or similar. This device can resolve the problem of defile urban area from use of klaxon. l)Device Alarm of Cross-Proximitv. This device should be used on this equipment as descript from point A and B, which is an manual push-button that σoes to B switch on the transmitter codificator to sending signals in the forms of radio waves to the decodificator receiver section, regulated for 200 meters range and also to attuate as an buzzer sound oscillator, together with a small speaker and then to be visualized by two leds of collours yellow and red, indicating also the distance in meters respectively. The advantage obtained from this new invention, consist to send one of our signal in a quick distance there where in most case are very difficult to observate some vehicle likes on the cross proximity, with on or off the semafore or when it is in a flash-light position. If we think that if the mans-driver are driving in our frontaly direction, without any minimum attention in what circumstance of risk should happen. It's known that at similar circumstance, in some particularly time, either intensity traffic urban or extra-urban road, there most driving man ignore the hidden of risks of crossing pass whithout observing with minimum of attention. Unfortunately, those frontaly collision happened between vehicles by cause of distress from the who is driving, are most frequentely happened in everywhere. Lets say thank's for this new alarm device, which indicates the driver the possibility to observe the proximity the presence of the other vehicles by illuminating two leds of collour yellow regulated for 200 meters and red for 50 meters, giving them the possibility to avoid the risk of collision. Otherwise, if the received signal is at opposed direction, the alarm will stop at few seconds. 2) Automatic Alarm for Push-Buttom Device. For driving lights and anti-dazzle lights, as descript in point A and B. This particular device used as photocells, they're in grade of exciting a relay that automatically will change the voltage position of driving lights in a distance of about 200 meters or more, accordingly to give the driver the driving guarranty, to be not disturbed from dazzle-lights of the other vehicle. Therefore, there should be a law for who is driving with respect of driving lights. 3) Klaxon Electronic. This klaxon as descript in point A and B , is composed by a push-buttom device that goes to operate on the codificator section sending a codificated radio signal to the receiver and at the same time it atuates an oscillator in acoustic sound and reproduced by a buzzer or small speaker of different tonnelity and visualized also by led of collour blue-light or other to indicate the receiver signal in silence. Those advantage obtained by this present invention, is to substitute the old klaxon system, to obtain the result of silence and resolve the defile problem in everywhere. Furthermore, it can be used also as buzzer device to brings the pedonal attention. This invention is showed at more dettails on tne schematic diagrams to help more unαerstanding those function. Codificator Transmitter: Section n° 1, to make this equipment operative as a radio signal receive transmitter it is indispensable to build an sophisticate electronic circuit, to avoid that when we send one comand signal in state of alarm, it does not attuate another function alarm, by consequence this transmitter have not only a function of sending signal of radio frequency, but also to send codificated pulse signal that only an opposit decodificator will be in grade of recognized. These codificator and decodificator are two integrated circuit ( IC ) here employed for censors infra-red rays, microwaves or similar used for distance of security on vehicles or simile. A) This codificator is composed internaly by n° 3 clocks as follows: 1°= Oscillator state of low frequency. 2°= Codificator state. 3°= Rivelator state of level. 1) The oscillator state of low frequency is used here to obtain a signal squared waves in which the frequency is determined by the values of resistances, R8 and R9 and by the condensator C3, where they're connected with pin n° 11, 12, and 13 of the codificator as shown at diagrams. Note that with the values of the resistances and the condensator here employed we're in grade to give the variable working frequency of this transmitter. It is clearly that to operate this oscillator is necessary to connect pin n° 14 of the codificator to the ground system, the output of codificator is effetuated at pin n° 15 where is present a series of pulses that are the codificated key and there is also present another pulse signals that forms the pulse command. Note that this transmitter is connected with the output filter circuit of the regulator 12 volts power supply by a condensator C2 with ground. The key is made-up by a series of pulses small and large, which should be decodificated by the receiver section then to be discriminated. Decodificator Receiver. This receiver is composed with one decodificator with internaly builded with n° 4 principal blocks: 1°= Rivelator state, 2°= Comparator state, 3°= Decodificator state, 4°= Output final state. The rivelator state is employed here in order to extract from applicated signal of the input, the key that is composed from first series of pulses and to obtain this condition there should results, either the message that the signal of square wave of same frequency utilized by the trarismitter and for this condition we should have at pin n° 6 and 7 between resistance n° R21 and the condensator C22, these reffered signals already mentioned. After of these series of key pulses, which is followed the pulse of command, these is recognized and applicable at pin n° 10 of this decodificator with by a resistor and capacitor of calculated values. Once that this decodificator state will recognize these key pulses, at this point, it enables the logic comparator to preced these pulses to the output state. However, at the same time at pin n°ll of this decodificator is present those square-wave pulses to confirm that the key is recognized. Note that all these exits of this final state, is founded at logic " 0 " with no signal. Any time that one of these censors goes in short-circuit, automatically it is present on the intersted output a logic " 1 ", or positive " 1 ". At this point, if the decodificator does not recognize the key pulses its results impossible to modify the condition logic of the output pins, n° 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the decodificator. Offcourse, this assure us the complet afidability of this apparatus. 1) The Fig. n° 1 and 2, is represent the electronic schematic diagram realized as the present invention, in which is present the relative section of the total blocks function: 1) The section n° 1 comprehend essencialy the indication where it is positioned all those relative censors, photocells and antennas. On relating of Fig. 1, and 2, are censors for collision happens regolation for impact minimal at about 30 Km. N° 3 photocells for commutate dazzle-lights, n° 7 photocells for short visibility, foggy, rain etc. and pre-function and distance of security. N° 4/5/6 photocells or microwaves for distance of security. N° 9 antenna transmitter, n° 10 antenna receiver, n° 11 regulated power supply. 2) The section n° 2, consist of a circuit for charging the battery in according to mantain the constant power supplementary for the battery charge. 3) The section n° 3, comprehend as codificator transmitter this codificator is an ( IC ) integrated circuit of memory M- 145026 let's thank's for his n° 3 blocks principal, that are: 1°= Oscillator state low frequency, 2°= Codificator state, 3°= Rivelator of level state. This constitute the heart of the transmitter and have the function to transmite by the antenna pulses codificated form of radio waves that constitute the key of recognition (acknowledgement) and the pulses command. 4) The section n° 4, comprehend the decodificator receiver. This decodificator is an memory ( IC ) integrated circuit M- 145027, composed with n° 4 pricipal blocks: 1°= Rivelator state, 2°= Comparator state, 3°= Decodificator state, 4°= Output final state. This section represents the most important function blocks of this receiver buildet together with two ( IC ) integrated circuit logic, a NAND - CD - 4001 and NOR - CD - 4093, ploted by a series of transistors which transforms this in a afidable function circuit. 5) Section n° 5, this afidable circuit realized with an ( Ic ) integrated circuit, LM - 3915 connected together with n° 2 ( IC ) integrated circuit, CD - 4066 and LM 358, they're buildet on this circuit to withdraw an visualization command. I°= Indicator function, 2°= The collision or block-up road, 3°= Frontal distance of security, 4°= Lateral distance security, 5°= Distance of proximity, 6°= Klaxon electronic, 7°= Control spy leds to indicates the pre-function of short visibility. Relay n° 1, his function is to exchange the power of dazzle-lights from the vehicle. Relay n° 2, have a purpose, of pre-disposal of automatic hidroelectric brake. 6) Section n° 6, this section is represented as part final of this circuit placed at front dash-board for drivers visualization of the different functions. This circuit is composed with acoustic signal function by way of miniature speakers, buzzerr, and leds coupling for relative device of security.

Claims: Electronic Equipment Composed With Censors To Prevent of Risk Collisions Between Vehicles for Driving Security. Claims 1) The characteristics of this electronic equipment, is for purpose to use as codificator and decodificator ricetransmitter of radio frequency, for censors, photocells and radiowaves, utilized for vehicles, motorcycles, industrial vehicles or similar, able to send and receive instantaneously some particular signal by distance, being by acoustics and visible for imminent risks of collision maturate, by cause of intensity traffic road, for prevention of collision between vehicles or simile. A) These devices comprehend: Codificated Equipment, as descript at this claim ( 1 ). Electronic transmitter codificator, inserted to a circuit board for signal transmission of radio frequency form, composed by there fundamental blocks, as follows: 1°= Oscillator state of L.F. 2°= Codificator state. 3°= Rivelator state of level. These three principal blocks, the key is composed of a series of pulses numbers smalls and larges that after they should be decodificated by the receiver section,then,to be discriminated. B) Decodificated Equipment, as descript at this claim. Electronic receiver decodificator, inserted on a circuit board for receiving signals by radio frequency, composed by four block principal, as follows: 1°= Rivelator state. 2°= Comparator state. 3°= Decodificator state. 4°= Output final state. In this circuit, as soon that this decodificator will know those pulse key, at this point, it enables one logic comparator to continue information to the output state. C) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. Is a device does for alarm with pulse signal acoustic and visible for collision happens to short distance, between vehicles, or similar, composed with censors or simile for impact detection. D) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. Is a device infra-red rays, microwaves or simile, for alarm of distance of security with sound pulses acoustic and visible, for vehicles and similar. E) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. Is an electronic device for automatic control system predisposed for hidroelectric brake, composed with photoelectric cells and infra-red rays microwaves or simile for vehicles or similar. F) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. Electronic device manualy used for sending alarm signals in the form of pulses, acoustic and visible for road cross proximity between vehicles or simile. G) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. This is an electronic automatic device used to commutate and exchange by distance dazzle-lights to anti-dazzle lights between two vehicles or simile. H) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript at this claim. Electronic device manualy used for sending and receive at short distance a signal pulse, acoustics and visible as klaxon, for vehicles or simile. 2) Electronic Equipment, codificator and decodificator as descript in point 1, by letters A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H, while these functions are showed on figs. 1/2, and sez. n° 1/2/3/4/5 and 6.

Inventors: CAICO GIOVANNI, CAICO, GIOVANNI
Applicants: CAICO GIOVANNI, CAICO, GIOVANNI
Application year: 1991
Main classification: G08G1
IPC codes: B60Q1, B60R21, B60W30, G01S7, G01S13, G01S17, G08G1