Cassette loading devices for accommodating cassettes of different sizes in tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus

Abstract: In a tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus capable of selective operation with a relatively large-sized cassette (9) or small sized-cassette (10) containing a respective pair of rotatable reels (9a, 10a); a cassette holder (2) is movable between a cassette receiving and discharging position and a loading position and can receive a selected one of the cassettes (9, 10) and can convey it to the loading position; a pair of reel bases (12) are movable relative to each other for varying the centre-to-centre distance therebetween; a reel base adjusting device (19) is selectively driven in a first mode for moving the reel bases (12) to first positions corresponding to a large cassette (9), or in a second mode for moving the reel bases to second positions corresponding to a small cassette (10); a detector (14) detects the size of a cassette (9, 10) and a drive member (14c) is movable with the holder (2) and is responsive to the condition of the detector (14) for selectively driving the reel base adjusting device (19) in the first or the second modes.

Description: This invention relates to cassette loading devices for accommodating cassettes of different sizes in tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus. In a known tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus capable of selectively employing tape cassettes of different sizes, for example, as disclosed in our US patent specification US-A-4 664 337, a cassette holder is movable between a cassette receiving and discharging position, where it can receive a selected one of relatively large-sized and small-sized cassettes, and a loading position to which the selected cassette is conveyed by the holder. This apparatus has a pair of reel bases movable relative to each other for varying the centre-to-centre distance therebetween, and a reel base adjusting device including a dedicated motor, that is, a motor employed only for varying the centre-to-centre distance between the reel bases, and which is selectively driven for moving the reel bases to positions in which the reel bases are engageable with the reels of a relatively large-sized cassette conveyed by the holder to the loading position, or to positions in which the reel bases are engageable with the reels of a relatively small-sized cassette conveyed to the loading position. In this apparatus, the size of a tape cassette inserted in the cassette holder at the cassette receiving and discharging position is detected, and operation of the motor of the reel base adjusting device is controlled in response to such detection for ensuring that the centre-to-centre distance between the reel bases will correspond to that between the reels of the inserted tape cassette for engagement of the reel bases with the reels when the tape cassette is conveyed to the loading position. However, the reel base adjusting device including a dedicated motor is undesirably complicated in construction, and hence is expensive to produce. According to the present invention there is provided a tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus capable of selective operation with at least a relatively large-sized cassette or a relatively small-sized cassette having relatively large and small widths, respectively, and containing respective pairs of rotatable reels which, in said large cassette, have a first relatively large centre-to-centre distance and, in said small cassette, have a second relatively small centre-to-centre distance, said apparatus comprising; a cassette holder movable between a cassette receiving and discharging position and a loading position and being operative to receive a selected one of said large and small cassettes when in said cassette receiving and discharging position and to convey the selected cassette therewith to said loading position; a pair of reel bases movable relative to each other for varying the centre-to-centre distance between said reel bases; reel base adjusting means selectively driven in a first mode for moving said reel bases to first positions in which said centre-to-centre distance therebetween is equal to said first centre-to-centre distance so as to be engageable with the reels of a relatively large cassette conveyed by said holder to said loading position, and in a second mode for moving said reel bases to second positions in which said centre-to-centre distance therebetween is equal to said second centre-to-centre distance so as to be engageable with the reels of a small cassette conveyed by said holder to said loading position; and detecting means for detecting the size of a cassette received in said holder in said cassette receiving and discharging position and which assumes first and second conditions when detecting said large and small cassettes respectively; characterised by drive means movable with said holder at least part of the way from said cassette receiving and discharging position towards said loading position and being responsive to said first and second conditions of said detecting means for driving said reel base adjusting means in said first and second modes, respectively, and thereby disposing said reel bases in said first and second positions, respectively, thereof when said holder conveys a large cassette or a small cassette, respectively, to said loading position; means including a motor for moving said holder from said cassette receiving and discharging position to said loading position so that said motor is also operable, through said holder and said drive means, for driving said reel base adjusting means; means guiding said holder to move in a path having a horizontal portion extending from said cassette receiving and discharging position to an intermediate position and a vertical portion extending from said intermediate position to said loading position; and in which said drive means is movable with said holder only between said cassette receiving and discharging position and said intermediate position, and said reel base adjusting means completes movements of said reel bases to said first positions or said second positions thereof during movement of said holder along said horizontal path portion to said intermediate position; wherein said drive means includes a drive member mounted on said holder for horizontal movement with the latter and being vertically movable relative to said holder, and spring means urging said drive member downwardly relative to said holder to a lower position corresponding to said second mode of the reel base adjusting means; wherein said detecting means includes a cassette sensing member mounted on said drive member so as to be engaged only by a large cassette received in said holder for displacing said drive member against the force of said spring means to an upper position corresponding to said first mode of the reel base adjusting means; and wherein said reel base adjusting means includes first and second gear racks mounted for rectilinear movements in respective paths extending parallel with said rectilinear portion of the path of movement of said holder and being spaced from each other in the direction of the relative movement of said drive member in respect of said holder so that said first and second gear racks are engageable by said drive member in said first and second positions, respectively, of the latter for movement by said drive member with said holder in moving along said rectilinear portion of the path of said holder, gear means meshing with said gear racks for constraining said gear racks to move in opposite directions in said respective paths, and means establishing said first mode when said first gear rack is engaged by said drive member and establishing said second mode when said second gear rack is engaged by said drive member. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, throughout which like parts are referred to by like references, and in which: Figure 1A is a schematic front elevational view of a cassette loading device for a tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of this invention, shown with its cassette holder in a cassette receiving and discharging position and having a large-sized tape cassette accommodated therein; Figure 1B is a view similar to Figure 1A, but showing a small-sized cassette in the cassette holder; Figures 2A and 2B are schematic side elevation views partly in section, as viewed in the direction of the arrows IIA and IIB in Figures 1A and 1B, respectively; Figures 3A and 3B are views similar to those of Figures 2A and 2B, respectively, but with the tape cassettes conveyed by the respective cassette holders being shown in full lines in intermediate positions, and in dot-dash lines in loading positions; Figure 4 is a sectional view then along the line IV-IV in Figure 1A for schematically illustratlng a motor driven mechanism for moving the cassette holder between its cassette receiving and discharging position and loading position; Figures 5A and 5B are plan views of a reel base adjusting device shown in the positions thereof when a large-sized cassette or a small-sized cassette is disposed in the cassette holder; Figure 6 is a plan view of a transmission assembly included in the reel base adjusting device of Figures 5A and 5B; Figures 7A and 7B are perspective views of gear racks and pinions included in the reel bases adjusting device of Figures 5A and 5B and respectively showing the operations thereof when a relatively large-sized cassette or a relatively small-sized cassette is detected in the cassette holder; Figure 8 is a detailed sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in Figure 5A for illustrating one of the reel bases and the mounting thereof; and Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a device providing a spring-stabilized floating pivot for a lever included in the transmission assembly of Figure 6. Referring initially to Figures 1A to 3B, it will be seen that a tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of this invention has a cassette loading device 1 which generally comprises a cassette holder 2 horizontally arranged between a pair of supporting side plates 4a and 4b directed vertically upward from a chassis 3. The side plates 4a and 4b are each formed with inverted L-shaped guide slots 6 and 7 which, as shown particularly in Figure 4, include horizontal portions 6a and 7a and vertically portions 6b and 7b depending from the inner or rear ends of the respective horizontal portions 6a and 7a. Guide rollers 5 project outwardly from walls 2a of the holder 2 and are received in the slots 6 and 7 of the adjacent side plates 4a and 4b for guiding the holder 2 in a path of movement extending between a cassette receiving and discharging position shown in full lines in Figures 2A and 2B, and a loading position in which a cassette 9 or 10 conveyed by the holder 2 is disposed as shown in dot-dash lines in Figures 3A and 3B. Such path of movement of the holder 2 includes a horizontal portion along which the holder 2 is movable in the direction of an arrow a in Figures 2A and 2B from its cassette receiving and discharging position shown in full lines, to an intermediate or cassette inserted position shown in full lines in Figures 3A and 3B. The path of movement of the holder 2 further includes a vertical portion corresponding to the vertical portions 6b and 7b of the slots 6 and 7, and along which the holder 2 with a cassette therein is movable from the intermediate or cassette inserted position to the loading position shown in dot-dash lines in Figures 3A and 3B. A suitable drive mechanism is provided for effecting the desired movements of the holder 2 between these positions. As shown merely by way of example in Figures 1A, 1B and 4, such drive mechanism may include a reversible electric motor 100 mounted at the underside of the holder 2 adjacent to the side plate 4b and coupled, as through a reduction gearing 101, with a pinion 102 which meshes with a gear rack 103 secured on the side plate 4b. The gear rack 103 is of inverted L-shaped configuration and extends parallel to the slots 6 and 7 so as similarly to have a horizontal portion 103a and a vertical portion 103b (Figure 4). The loading device 1 is selectively usable with either a large-sized cassette 9 (Figure 1A) or a small-sized cassette 10 (Figure 1B). The large cassette 9 has a width approximately equal to the lateral distance between the side walls 2a of the holder 2, and the centre-to-centre distance 1 1 between the pair of rotatable reels 9a in the cassette 9 is relatively large. On the other hand, the centre-to-centre distance 1 2 between the pair of rotatable reels 10a in the small cassette 10 is relatively small and, as shown on Figure 1B, the width of the small cassette 10 is substantially less than the lateral distance between the side walls 2a of the holder 2. When the large cassette 9 is inserted in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 2A into the holder 2 disposed in the cassette receiving and discharging position, only small clearances remain between the opposite sides of the large cassette 9 and the adjacent side walls 2a of the holder 2, as shown in Figure 1A. When the small cassette 9 is similarly inserted into the holder 2 in its cassette receiving and discharging position, as in Figure 2B, relatively large spaces remain between the sides of the small cassette 10 and the side walls 2a of the holder 2, as shown in Figure 1B. Although not shown in the drawings, a suitable arrangment is preferably provided for laterally guiding or centring the cassettes 9 and 10, and particularly the small cassette 10, within the holder 2. For example, as disclosed in our US patent specifications US-A-4 664 337 and US-A-4 786 996, such arrangement may comprise a groove or grooves in the bottom surface of each of the cassettes 9 and 10, with each grooves slidably receiving a correspondingly located ridge projecting upwardly from the bottom surface of the holder 2 and extending parallel with the side walls 2a. The tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus embodying this invention is further shown to comprise a pair of reel bases 12 which, as hereinafter described in detail, are movable relative to each other for varying the centre-to-centre distance between them, so that the reels 9a or 10a of the cassette 9 or 10 will engage over the respective reel bases 12 when the cassette 9 or 10 is conveyed to the cassette loading position by the holder 2. A detecting device 14 is provided to detect the size of a cassette when either the large cassette 9 or the small cassette 10 is slidably inserted into the holder 2. The detecting device 14 includes a vertically elongated slide member 14c disposed outside the side wall 2a of the holder 2 which is adjacent to the side plate 4a (Figures 1A and 1B). The slide member 14c is mounted for horizontal movement with the holder 2 while being vertically movable relative to the holder 2, for example, by means of guide pins 15 extending from the adjacent side wall 2a of the holder 2 and being slidably engaged in elongated vertical slots 16 extending longitudinally in the slide member 14c. A tension spring 17 is connected between an anchor tab 17a extending from the slide member 14c and an anchor tab 17b at the bottom of the holder 2 for resiliently urging the slide member 14c in the downward direction relative to the holder 2, for example, to the position shown in Figure 2B in which the upper ends of the slots 16 engage against the guide pins 15. The detecting device 14 further includes a cassette sensing member in the form of a roller 14a mounted at the upper end of the slide member 14c and extending laterally inward therefrom through a cut-out 2b opening upwardly in the adjacent side wall 2a of the holder 2 (Figures 1B, 2A and 2B). When a large cassette 9 is horizontally inserted in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 2A into the holder 2 in its cassette receiving and discharging position, as shown in Figures 1A and 2A, the fact that the large cassette 9 extends laterally across substantially the entire distance between the side walls 2a results in the roller 14a riding on a top surface 9b of the large cassette 9 with the result that the slide member 14c is displaced in the direction of the arrow c in Figure 2A against the force of the spring 17 to an upper position which indicates the presence of a large cassette 9 in the holder 2. On the other hand, when a small cassette 10 is horizontally inserted into the holder 2, in its cassette receiving and discharging position, as shown in Figures 1B and 2B, the sides of the small cassette 10 are spaced substantially inward from the side walls 2a of the holder 2 so that the top surface of the small cassette 10 does not engage under the roller 14a, and the spring 17 retains the slide member 14c of the detecting device 14 in its lower position shown in Figure 2B for indicating that a small cassette 10 has been inserted. The loading device 1 further comprises a reel base adjusting mechanism 19 (Figures 1A, 1B, 5A and 5B) which is selectively driven in a first mode for moving the reel bases 12 to first positions shown in full lines in Figures 1A and 5A in which the centre-to-centre distance L 1 between the reel bases 12 is equal to the centre-to-centre distance 1 1 between the reels 9a of a large cassette 9 so as to be engageable with the reels 9a when the large cassette 9 is conveyed by the holder 2 to the loading position. Alternatively, the adjusting mechanism 19 is selectively driven in a second mode for moving the reel bases 12 to second positions shown in full lines in Figures 1B and 5B, and in which the centre-to-centre distance L 2 between the reel bases 12 is equal to the centre-to-centre distance 1 2 between the reels 10a of a small cassette 10 so as to be engageable with the reels 10a of a small cassette 10 conveyed by the holder 2 to the loading position. A drive member formed by a pin 14b directed laterally inward from the lower end of the slide member 14c, is movable with the holder 2 at least part of the way from the cassette receiving and discharging position towards the loading position, and is responsive to whether the detecting device 14 is in its upper or lower position for driving the reel base adjusting mechanism 19 in its first and second modes, respectively. Therefore, the reel bases 12 are disposed in either their first or second positions, respectively, when the holder 2 conveys a large cassette 9 or a small cassette 10, respectively, to the loading position. More specifically, when the holder 2 is moved horizontally with a large cassette 9 therein from the cassette receiving and discharging position of Figure 2A to the intermediate or inserted cassette position shown in full lines in 3A, the slide member 14c of the detecting device 14 and the pin 14b at its lower end are also moved horizontally in the direction of the arrow a together with the holder 2. In the course of this movement, the displacement of the slide member 14c upwardly in the direction of the arrow c in Figure 2A by the engagement of the roller 14a with the top surface 9b of the large cassette 9 maintains the pin 14b at a relatively raised position P 1 for driving the adjusting mechanism 19 in its first mode, which increases the centre-to-centre distance between the reel bases 12 to the distance L 1 (Figure 5A) which is suitable for engagement of the reel bases 12 with the reels 9a of the large cassette 9 when it arrives at the loading position. On the other hand, if a small cassette 10 is inserted in the holder 2, the spring 17 maintains the slide member 14c and the pin 14b at the lower position P 2 so that, during movement of the holder 2 to its inserted position, the pin 14b drives the adjusting mechanism 19 in its second mode for decreasing the centre-to-centre distance between the reel bases 12 to the distance L 2 (Figure 5B) which is suitable for engagement of the reel bases 12 with the reels 10a of the cassette 10 when it arrives at the loading position. After the holder 2 attains the intermediate or inserted cassette position shown in full lines in Figure 3A, the holder 2 is moved downwardly in the direction of the arrow b to the cassette loading position. During this movement, for example, as a result of the rolling engagement of the motor driven pinion 102 with the gear rack portion 103b, the guide pins 15 on the holder 2 are moved downwardly, that is, in the direction of the arrow b in Figure 3A, within the slots 16 of the slide member 14c, to permit the final movement of the holder 2 with the cassette 9 or cassette 10 therein to the loading position, without corresponding vertical movements of the slide member 14a or of the pin 14b. It will be appreciated that for an unloading and ejecting operation, the above-described movements of the holder 2 are reversed. Thus, the operation of the motor 100 in the direction for an unloading and ejecting operation first causes the pinion 102 to roll upwardly along the vertical portion 103b of the gear rack 103 with the result that the holder 2, with the cassette 9 or 10 therein, is raised from its loading position shown in dot-dash lines in Figures 3A or Figure 3B to the intermediate position shown in full lines. During such upward removal of the cassette 9 or 10, its reels 9a or 10a are disengaged from the reel bases 12, while the spring 17 maintains the slide member 14c in the position shown in Figure 3A or 3B, respectively. When the holder 2 attains the intermediate position shown in full lines in Figure 3A or 3B, the motor driven pinion 102 moves from the vertical gear rack portion 103b to the horizontal gear rack portion 103a (Figure 4) and rolls therealong for returning the holder 2 to its cassette receiving and discharging position shown in Figure 2A. Thereafter, the cassette 9 or 10 can be manually withdrawn from the holder 2. Upon such withdrawal of the large cassette 9, the sensing roller 14a is released, so that the spring 17 is then operative to return the slide member 14c to its lower position shown in Figure 2B with the pin 14b being then at the lower position P 2 . The reel base adjusting mechanism 19 will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 1A, 1B, 5A and 5B. The adjusting device 19 comprises a pair of reel base supporting members 20 on which the reel bases 12 are respectively rotatably mounted, a motion transmitting assembly including an angularly movable lever 21 mounted on a floating pivot 29 and a connecting member 22 for transmitting angular movements of the lever 21 to each of the reel base supporting members 20, a crank wheel 23 for effecting angular movements of the lever 21, outer and inner stops 24a and 24b extending from the chassis 3 and engageable by the supporting members 20 for defining the maximum and minimum distances L 1 and L 2 , respectively, to be established between the centres of the reel bases 12, and a spring 25 which, as hereinafter described in detail, is loaded when the stops 24a or 24b limit the movements of the reel bases 12 either away from each other or towards each other, respectively, with the result that a force exerted by the loaded spring 25 on the floating pivot 29 ensures precise locating of the reel bases 12 at the desired positions thereof for engagement with the reels 9a or 10a within a large or small cassette 9 or 10. Each reel base supporting member 20 is preferably formed by a horizontally extending, elongated plate which, at one end, is swingably mounted on an upstanding pivot 26 secured to the chassis 3, while the respective reel base 12 is rotatably mounted on a spindle 12a projecting upwardly from the free end portion of the supporting member 20. For effecting rotation of each reel base 12, a gear member 27 including a relatlvely small diameter gear portion 27a and a relatively large diameter gear portion 27b is rotatable on the respective pivot 26, and the small gear portion 27a is in meshing engagement with a reel-base gear 28 which is rotatably coupled with the respective reel base 12 for rotation on the spindle 12a (Figure 8). As shown in Figures 5A and 5B, the large gear portion 27b of each of the gear members 27 meshes with a respective gear 27c which is suitably driven by a reel motor (not shown). It will be appreciated that this arrangment for driving the reel bases 12 ensures that they can be driven when they are positioned for engagement with the reels 9a or 10a of a large or a small cassette 9 or 10. The lever 21 extends in a horizontal plane between the side plates 4a and 4b (Figure 1A) and has the floating pivot 29 depending from one of its ends, while the opposite end portion of the lever 21 is formed with an elongated slot 30 therein which slidably receives a crank pin 31 directed upwardly from the peripheral portion of the crank wheel 23. The connecting member 22 is shown to be T-shaped (Figures 5A and 5B) so as to include a stem portion 22a extending from the centre of a head portion 22b. An elongated slot 33 is centred in the head portion 22b and extends in the direction of the stem portion 22a for slidably receiving a guide pin 32 which projects upwardly from the chassis 3. The stem portion 22a is pivotably connected at its free end, as by a pin 34, to the central portion of the lever 21, and the ends of the head portion 22b have respective pins 35 projecting therefrom and slidably received in elongated holes 36 formed in the adjacent reel base supporting members 20. The crank wheel 23 is rotatably mounted on an axle 37 projecting upwardly from the chassis 3 and, as hereinafter described in detail, is turned about the axle 37 through an angle 1 which is greater than 180 degrees between the position shown in Figure 5A and in full lines in Figure 6, and which is characteristic of the positioning of the reel bases 12 with the relatively large centre-to-centre distance L 1 therebetween, and the position shown in Figure 5B and in dot-dash lines in Figure 6 and which is characteristic of the positioning of the reel bases 12 with the relatively small centre-to-centre distance L 2 therebetween. As earlier stated, the pivot 29 for the lever 21 floats or can be displaced from a normal position shown in Figure 6 against the resistance of the spring 25. More particularly, as shown in Figure 9, a mechanism for supporting the pivot 29 so as to permit the floating thereof includes a pair of support links 38a and 38b which are angularly movable in a scissor-like arrangement about a common fixed pivot 39 which extends from the chassis 3 and is disposed intermediate the ends of the links 38a and 38b. The spring 25 is in the form of a tension spring connected, at its ends, to the links 38a and 38b at one end of the latter so as to urge the respective ends of the links 38a and 38b against opposite sides of a stop member 40 which extends fixedly upward from the chassis 3 between the ends of the links 38a and 38b connected with the spring 25. The end portions of the links 38a and 38b remote from the spring 25 are formed with oppositely laterally opening cut-outs 29a and 29b, respectively, which have registering inner portions to define a socket receiving the pivot 29 depending from lever 21. It will be appreciated that the pivot 29 of the lever 21 is resiliently held by the force of the spring 25 at a normal position defined by the engagement of both links 38a and 38b with the respective sides of the stop 40. As shown in Figures 5A and 6, when the crank wheel 23 is turned in the direction of the arrow g, the lever 21 driven by the crank pin 31 is made to swing in the direction of the arrow e about the pivot 29 and, as a result thereof, the reel base supporting members 20 are turned by the connecting member 22 in the directions of the arrow d about the respective pivots 26 until the supporting members 20 abut against the respective stops 24a for establishing the distance L 1 between the centres of the reel bases 12 which coincides with the distance 1 1 between the centres of the reels 9a of the large cassette 9. On the other hand, and as shown in Figures 5B and 6, when the crank wheel 23 is turned in the direction of the arrow g, the lever 21 is driven by the crank pin 31 to swing in the direction of the arrow e′ about the pivot 29 and, as a result thereof, the supporting members 20 are turned by the connecting member 22 in the directions of the arrows d′ about the pivots 26 so as to abut against the respective stops 24b and thereby ensure that the distance L 2 between the centres of the reel bases 12 will coincide with the distance 1 2 between the centres of the reels 10a of the small cassette 10. As shown in Figure 6, in each of the cases described above, the crank pin 31 on the crank wheel 23, in moving through the angle  1 greater than 180 degrees, is moved in the direction of the arrow g or g′ an angular distance  2 beyond the dead centre positions D and D′ which correspond to the maximum angular displacement of the lever 21, so that inadvertent reverse turning of the crank wheel 23 is prevented. To achieve this, and as shown in Figure 6, the various described components of the reel base adjusting mechanism 19 are relatively dimensioned so that, in response to turning of the crank wheel 23 through the angle  1 , the angle  3 of displacement of the lever 21 about the pivot 29 is larger than the angle  4 included between lines drawn from the pivot 29 to the positions of the pin 34 shown in full lines and in dot-dash lines in Figure 6, and which are determined by the engagement of the reel base supporting members 20 against the stops 24a and 24b, respectively. Thus, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, the reel base supporting members 20 abut against the respective stops 24a or 24b when moving in the directions of the arrows d or d′, respectively, before the crank pin 31 has completed its movement through the angle  1 . Therefore, during the final increment of angular movement of the pin 31 through the angle  1 , the pivot 29, which is normally closely embraced by the cut-outs 29a and 29b of both links 38a and 38b, is displaced in the direction opposed to the force of the spring 25 indicated by the arrow f or f′, respectively. Thus, at the completion of the angular movement of the crank wheel 23 through the angle  1 in the direction of the arrow g or g′, the force of the spring 25 acts through one or the other of the links 38a and 38b on the pivot 29, and thence through the lever 21 and connecting member 22 for resiliently urging the reel base supporting members 20 against the respective stops 24a or 24b. As a result of this, the reel bases 12 are reliably maintained with the desired centre-to-centre distance L 1 or L 2 therebetween. Further, since the crank pin 31 is beyond the dead centre position D or D′ at the completion of its angular movement through the angle  1 , the initial return movement of the crank pin 31 through the angle  2 is yieldably opposed by the force of spring 25 of preventing inadvertent return turning of the crank wheel 23. Although the reel base adjusting mechanism 19 described above effects angular displacements of the reel base supporting members 20 for changing the centre-to-centre distances between the reel bases 12, it will be appreciated that the present invention can also be applied to an arrangement in which the reel base supporting members 20 are rectilinearly moveable for achieving the desired change in the centre-to-centre distance between the reel bases 12. The reel base adjusting mechanism 19 further comprises a pair of gear racks 42 and 43 extending horizontally on the chassis 3 of the inside of the side plate 4a, with the gear rack 42 being superimposed or arranged above the gear rack 43, as particularly shown in Figures 7A and 7B. The gear racks 42 and 43 have longitudinal slots 45a and 45b, respectively, therein which slideably receive guide pins 44 projecting upwardly from the chassis 3. Thus, the gear racks 42 and 43 are mounted for sliding movements parallel to the plane of the adjacent side plate 4a in the directions of the arrows a and a′. As is apparent in Figures 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B, the superimposed upper and lower paths in which the gear racks 42 and 43, respectively, are rectilinearly moveable extend parallel with the horizontal portion of the path of movement of the holder 2 between its cassette receiving and discharging position (Figures 2A and 2B) and its intermediate position (shown in full lines in Figures 3A and 3B). As shown in Figures 2A and 3A, when the pin 14b is at its upper position P 1 in response to the presence of a large cassette 9 in the holder 2, the pin 14b is at the level of the gear rack 42 and is engageable against an end surface 42a thereof for driving the gear rack 42 in the direction of the arrow a during the movement of the slide member 14c with the holder 2 in that direction. Similarly, as shown in Figures 2B and 3B, when the pin 14b is at its lower position P 2 in response to the presence of a small cassette 10 in the holder 2, the pin 14b is at the level of the gear rack 43 and is engageable against an end surface 43a thereof for driving the gear rack 43 in the direction of the arrow a during the movement of the slide member 14c with the holder 2 in that direction. To constrain the gear racks 42 and 43 to move in opposed directions in their respective superimposed paths, they are in meshing engagement with pinions 46 and 47, respectively, which are rotatable on shafts 46a and 47a, respectively, projecting upwardly from the chassis 3. The pinions 46 and 47 have equal diameters and are in meshing engagement with each other, and the pinion 47 is further in meshing engagment with a crank gear 23a defined by teeth formed on the periphery of the crank wheel 23. The cassette loading device 1 operates as follows: If the reel bases 12 are initially in their second positions, that is, with the relatively small centre-to-centre distance L 2 therebetween, as in Figure 5B, so as to be adapted for engagement with the reels 10a of a small cassette 10, the gear racks 42 and 43 are relatively disposed as shown in Figure 2A. Thereupon, the insertion of a large cassette 9 into the holder 2 in the direction of the arrow a will cause the top surface 9b of the cassette 9 to engage the roller 14a and thereby raise the slide member 14c to its upper position with the pin 14b being disposed at its position P 1 . Thereafter, when the holder 2 is horizontally moved in the direction of the arrow a, for example, by suitable operation of the drive motor 100 so as to move the holder 2 from the cassette receiving and discharging position (Figure 2A) to its intermediate or cassette inserted position (shown in full lines in Figure 3A), the slide member 14c moves with the holder 2 in the direction of the arrow a while the pin 14b at the position P 1 engages the end surface 42a of the upper rack 42 for also moving the latter in the direction of the arrow a, as shown in Figure 7A. At the same time, and by reason of the meshing engagement of the pinions 46 and 47 with the gear racks 42 and 43 and with each other, the lower rack 43 is moved in the opposite direction, that is, in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 7A. The movement of the upper rack 42 in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 7A causes rotation of the pinion 46 in the clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 5A, so that the pinion 47 rotates in the counter-clockwise direction and the crank gear 23a on the crank wheel 23 is turned in the direction of the arrow g. The various elements are dimensioned so that, upon linear displacement of the upper gear rack 42 from the position shown in Figure 2A to the position shown in Figure 3A in response to the movement of the holder 2 from its cassette receiving and discharging position to its intermediate position, the crank wheel 23 will be turned in the direction of the arrow g through the desired angle  1 of more than 180 degrees. As earlier noted, in response to such turning of the crank wheel 23, the reel base adjusting mechanism 19 is effective automatically to move the reel bases 12 in the directions of the arrows d (Figure 5A) so as to establish the desired distance L 1 between the centres thereof. During the final movement of the holder 2 in the direction of the arrow b in Figure 3A from the intermediate position shown in full lines to the loading position shown in dot-dash lines, the slide member 14c remains substantially immobile with the pins 15 extending from the holder 2 sliding downwardly along the slots 16. Thus, when the holder 2 arrives at its loading position with a large cassette 9 therein, the reel bases 12 are already positioned for engagement with the reels 9a. During a return movement of the holder 2 from its loading position to the cassette receiving and discharging position with a large cassette 9 therein, the gear racks 42 and 43 remain in the positions shown in Figure 3A, with the result that the reel bases 12 remain in the first positions thereof shown in Figure 5A, that is, remain adapted for engagement with the reels of a large cassette 9. Therefore, if one large cassette 9 is exchanged for another large cassette 9 upon the return of the holder 2 to its cassette receiving and discharging position, the next movement of the holder 2 to its loading position will occur without any movements of the gear racks 42 and 43, and hence without any adjustments of the reel bases 12 which are already positioned for engagement with the reels 9a of a large cassette 9. As shown in Figure 2B, if a small cassette 10 is inserted in the holder 2 at its cassette receiving and discharging position, the roller 14a is not engaged by the top of the cassette 10, so that the spring 17 is effective to retain the slide member 14c of the detecting device 14 in its lower position with the pin 14b at the lower position P 2 . If the reel bases 12 have been previously disposed in their first positions shown in Figure 5A with the centre-to-centre distance L 1 therebetween, that is, for engagement with the reels 9a of a large cassette 9, the gear racks 42 and 43 are positioned as shown in Figure 2B, that is, with the end 43a of the gear rack 43 proximate to the pin 14b at the lower position P 2 . Therefore, when the holder 2 is moved horizontally in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 2B from its cassette receiving and discharging position to its intermediate position shown in full lines in Figure 3B, the pin 14b abutting against the end surface 43a of the lower rack 43 propels the latter in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 7B to the position shown in full lines thereon. simultaneously, by reason of the pinions 46 and 47 meshing with the gear rack 42 and 43 and with each other, the upper gear rack 42 is moved in the direction of the arrow a′ to the position shown in full lines in Figure 7B. The movement of the lower gear rack 43 in the direction of the arrow a in Figure 5B causes the pinion 47 to rotate in the clockwise direction and, by reason of the meshing engagement of the pinion 47 with the crank gear 23a, the crank wheel 23 is turned in the direction of the arrow g′ (Figure 5B) through the desired angle of more than 180 degrees. In response to such turning of the crank wheel 23, the reel base adjusting mechanism 19 is effective to move the reel bases 12 to their second positions shown in Figure 5B, and in which the resulting centre-to-centre distance L 2 is adapted for engagement with the reels 10a of a small cassette 10 when the latter is conveyed to the loading position by the holder 2. It will be appreciated that, in the above cassette loading device 1 the upper and lower gear racks 42 and 43 are selectively driven by the pin 14b which extends from the cassette size detecting device 14 moving with the holder 2 from the cassette receiving and discharging position to the intermediate or cassette inserted position and, as a result, the distance between the reel bases 12 is automatically adjusted to correspond to the centre-to-centre distance between the reels 9a or 10a of a selected cassette 9 or 10 inserted in the holder 2. Thus, the reel bases 12 are automatically properly positioned. It is important to note that the motor 100 or other source of power employed for moving the holder 2 from its cassette receiving and discharging position to its loading position is also employed for adjusting the distance between the reel bases 12, so there is no need to provide an additional motor or power source for the sole purpose for adjusting the distance between the reel bases 12. Thus, the apparatus can be simplified for reducing its production costs. Although the gear racks 42 and 43 have been shown superimposed or arranged one above the other, other arrangements may be employed. For example, the gear racks 42 and 43 may be arranged for movements in laterally spaced apart parallel paths with the rack 43 having teeth on both sides, and with the pinion 46 being arranged between the gear racks 42 and 43 for meshing engagement with the teeth of the rack 42 and the teeth at one side of the rack 43, thereby to ensure that the gear racks 42 and 43 move in opposed directions. In such modified arrangement, the pinion 47 is then in meshing engagement with the crank gear 23a and with the teeth at the side of the gear rack 43 facing away from the gear rack 42. Of course, in the case of the arrangement having the gear racks 42 and 43 movable in opposite directions in laterally spaced apart parallel paths, the cassette size detecting device 14 is suitably arranged laterally to displace the pin 14b for selecting engagement with one or the other of the gear racks 42 or 43 during the movement of the holder 2 from its cassette receiving and discharging position to its intermediate or cassette inserted position with either a large cassette 10 or a small cassette 9 in the holder 2. Although this invention is applicable to cassette-type video tape recorders, it will be appreciated that the invention may be similarly applied to other kinds of recording and/or reproducing apparatus in which cassette tapes are employed.

Claims: A tape cassette recording and/or reproducing apparatus capable of selective operation with at least a relatively large-sized cassette (9) or a relatively small-sized cassette (10) having relatively large and small widths, respectively, and containing respective pairs of rotatable reels (9a, 10a) which, in said large cassette (9), have a first relatively large centre-to-centre distance and, in said small cassette (10), have a second relatively small centre-to-centre distance, said apparatus comprising; a cassette holder (2) movable between a cassette receiving and discharging position and a loading position and being operative to receive a selected one of said large and small cassettes (9, 10) when in said cassette receiving and discharging position and to convey the selected cassette (9, 10) therewith to said loading position; a pair of reel bases (12) movable relative to each other for varying the centre-to-centre distance between said reel bases (12); reel base adjusting means (19) selectively driven in a first mode for moving said reel bases (12) to first positions in which said centre-to-centre distance therebetween is equal to said first centre-to-centre distance so as to be engageable with the reels (9a) of a relatively large cassette (9) conveyed by said holder (2) to said loading position, and in a second mode for moving said reel bases (12) to second positions in which said centre-to-centre distance therebetween is equal to said second centre-to-centre distance so as to be engageable with the reels (10b) of a small cassette (10) conveyed by said holder (2) to said loading position; and detecting means (14) for detecting the size of a cassette (9, 10) received in said holder (2) in said cassette receiving and discharging position and which assumes first and second conditions when detecting said large and small cassettes (9, 10) respectively; characterised by drive means (14c) movable with said holder (2) at least part of the way from said cassette receiving and discharging position towards said loading position and being responsive to said first and second conditions of said detecting means (14) for driving said reel base adjusting means (19) in said first and second modes, respectively, and thereby disposing said reel bases (12) in said first and second positions, respectively, thereof when said holder (2) conveys a large cassette (9) or a small cassette (10), respectively, to said loading position; means including a motor (100) for moving said holder (2) from said cassette receiving and discharging position to said loading position so that said motor (100) is also operable, through said holder (2) and said drive means (14c), for driving said reel base adjusting means (19); means (6, 7) guiding said holder (2) to move in a path having a horizontal portion extending from said cassette receiving and discharging position to an intermediate position and a vertical portion extending from said intermediate position to said loading position; and in which said drive means (14c) is movable with said holder (2) only between said cassette receiving and discharging position and said intermediate position, and said reel base adjusting means (19) completes movements of said reel bases (9a, 10a) to said first positions or said second positions thereof during movement of said holder (2) along said horizontal path portion to said intermediate position; wherein said drive means (14c) includes a drive member (14c) mounted on said holder (2) for horizontal movement with the latter and being vertically movable relative to said holder (2), and spring means (17) urging said drive member (14c) downwardly relative to said holder (2) to a lower position corresponding to said second mode of the reel base adjusting means (19); wherein said detecting means (14) includes a cassette sensing member (14a) mounted on said drive member (14c) so as to be engaged only by a large cassette (9) received in said holder (2) for displacing said drive member (14c) against the force of said spring means (17) to an upper position corresponding to said first mode of the reel base adjusting means (19); and wherein said reel base adjusting means (19) includes first and second gear racks (42, 43) mounted for rectilinear movements in respective paths extending parallel with said rectilinear portion of the path of movement of said holder (2) and being spaced from each other in the direction of the relative movement of said drive member (14c) in respect of said holder (2) so that said first and second gear racks (42, 43) are engageable by said drive member (14c) in said first and second positions, respectively, of the latter for movement by said drive member (14c) with said holder (2) in moving along said rectilinear portion of the path of said holder (2), gear means (46, 47) meshing with said gear racks (46, 47) for constraining said gear racks (43, 43) to move in opposite directions in said respective paths, and means (14b) establishing said first mode when said first gear rack (42) is engaged by said drive member (14c) and establishing said second mode when said second gear rack (43) is engaged by said drive member (14c). Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said drive member (14c) is vertically elongated and mounted at one side of said holder (2), said cassette sensing member (14a) is disposed at the upper end of said drive member (14c) and extends laterally inward with respect to said one side of said holder (2), and said holder (2) has a width approximating to said large width of said large cassette (9) so that the latter is proximate to said one side of said holder (2) when received in said holder (2) for engagement with said cassette sensing member (14a), whereas, said small cassette (10), by reason of said relatively small width thereof, is substantially spaced from said one side of said holder (2) when received in the latter so as to be clear of said cassette sensing member (14a). Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said gear means (46, 47) include first and second pinions (46, 47) meshing with said first and second gear racks (42, 43), respectively, and also meshing with each other; and in which said reel base adjusting means (19) further includes a wheel (22) meshing with one of said first and second pinions (46, 47) to be turned in a first direction to a first position when said first gear rack (42) is engaged and moved by said drive member (14c) and to be turned in a second direction to a second position when said second gear rack (43) is engaged and moved by said drive member (14c). Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said reel base adjusting means (19) includes a wheel (23) turned in one direction to a first position when said reel base adjusting means (19) is driven in said first mode and turned in another direction to a second position when said reel base adjusting means (19) is driven in said second mode. Apparatus according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein said reel base adjusting means (19) further includes stop means (40) for limiting movements of said reel bases (12) at said first and second positions thereof, and transmission means (30, 31) urging said reel bases (12) to move past said first and second positions thereof upon turning of said wheel (23) to said first and second positions, respectively, of said wheel (23), said transmission means (30, 31) including spring means (25) which is loaded when said stop means (40) limit movements of said reel bases (12) at either of said first and second positions thereof so that a force exerted by the loaded spring means (25) ensures precise positioning of said reel bases (12) at said first and second positions. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said transmission means (30, 31) includes a crank pin (31) extending from said wheel (23), a lever (21) having a slot (30) along one end portion slidably receiving said crank pin (31), means (29) mounting said lever (21) at another end of the latter for angular movements about a pivot axis (29) which is displaceable against said force exerted by said loaded spring means (25), and a connecting member (22) coupled with said lever (21) for moving said reel bases (12) in response to said angular movements of said lever (21). Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said wheel (23) is turned more than 180 degrees between said first and second positions thereof, and in which maximum angular movements of said lever (21) and maximum loading of said spring means (25) occur at positions of said wheel (23) spaced in said other direction and said one direction of turning thereof from said first and second positions, respectively, of said wheel (23), whereby inadvertent turning of said wheel (23) from said first or second position thereof is prevented. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said means (29) mounting the lever (21) at said other end includes a pair of support links (38a, 38b) in a scissor-like arrangement with a common fixed pivot (39) intermediate their ends, said links (38a, 38b) having pivot seats opening towards each other at one ends of said links (38a, 38b), a pivot pin (29) extending from said other end of said lever (21) and engaging in said pivot seats to define said pivot axis (29) which is displaceable, and a stop member (40) interposed between the other ends of said links (38a, 38b); and wherein said spring means (25) is a tension spring (25) extending between said other ends of said links (38a, 38b) for urging them against opposite ends of said stop member (40).

Inventors: HORIUCHI YOSHIMORI, ISHII MASAMI, KASAHARA KENJI, MURAYAMA OSAMU, TOKITO TOSHIHIRO, HORIUCHI, YOSHIMORI, ISHII, MASAMI, KASAHARA, KENJI, MURAYAMA, OSAMU, TOKITO, TOSHIHIRO, Horiuchi, Yoshimori, c/o Patents Division, Ishii, Masami, c/o Patents Division, Kasahara, Kenji, c/o Patents Division, Murayama, Osamu, c/o Patents Division, Tokito, Toshihiro, c/o Patents Division
Applicants: SONY CORP, SONY CORPORATION
Application year: 1991
Main classification: G11B15
IPC codes: G11B15, G11B25