SCROLL COMPRESSOR

Abstract: A scroll compressor provided with a control member mounted on one of first and second scrolls rotating in the same direction, for controlling the axial movement of the other scroll, a pressure chamber communicating with a compression space left in the course of compression, which is interposed between this control member and an end plate of the other scroll, and an elastic seal member being in contact with at least one of the control members and the end plate is provided.

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a scroll compressor having a driving scroll member and a driven (idling) scroll member directly rotated by the driving scroll member wherein the two scroll members are rotated in the same direction. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A conventional scroll compressor is shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35196/1989 (examined) in which the first and second scroll members in an eccentric relation with each other are rotated in the same direction to compress a refrigerant in a compression space to thereby reduce vibration at the time of compression, so that the scroll compressor can be used for high-speed and/or large scaled application. However, in the conventional scroll compressor, a sealed space is formed between an end plate of a first scroll member and a confronting first housing by a slide ring and, similarly, a sealed space is formed between an end plate of a second scroll member and a confronting second housing, and a refrigerant in the compression space is supplied to the sealed spaces to thereby press the first and second scroll members. At the start of operation, however, a gap in the axial direction is enlarged more than necessity and the compression within the compression space is substantially delayed, with the result that a refrigeration capacity at the initial stage of start of the operation is lowered. Further, since the rotational portions are sealed by the slide rings, a relative rotation speed of the sealing portions becomes higher, resulting in failure in durability and sealing effect of the slide rings. In addition, an Oldham's ring is provided outside the rotating scroll compressor unit which is disposed between the end plate of the first scroll member and a flange of the second scroll member and, therefore, the entire structure becomes large and it does not meet with a small-size requirement. US-A-4600369 discloses a scroll compressor unit with the features of the scroll compressor unit set out in the preamble to claim 1. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an improved scroll compressor by solving the problems encountered to the conventional scroll compressor. Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved scroll compressor which has a constant gap in an axial direction of each of the first and second scroll members, and an improved durability and a sealing effect at the sealing portions of the scroll members. A further object of the present invention is to provide a new scroll compressor of a reduced size. According to the present invention, there is provided a scroll compressor comprising a scroll compressor unit, wherein the scroll compressor unit has: a first scroll member having an end plate, a wrap of an involute curve projecting from one side of the end plate, a rotary shaft projecting from the other side of the end plate, a second scroll member having an end plate, a wrap of an involute curve projecting from one side of the end plate, a rotary shaft projecting from the other side of the end plate of the second scroll member, the wrap of said first scroll member being in a juxtaposed engagement relation with the wrap of said second scroll member, and the shaft of said second scroll member being eccentrically spaced from the shaft of said first scroll member so that the wraps of the two scroll members are fitted closely together to form a plurality of compression spaces, a driving device for rotating said second scroll member, limit means, disposed on one of the first and second scroll members, for limiting an axial movement of the other of the first and second scroll members, and a pressure means formed between said limit means of the one of the two scroll members and the end plate of the other of the two scroll members; characterized in that: the scroll compressor further comprises an electric motor unit connected to the rotary shaft, and the electric motor unit and the scroll compressor unit are disposed in a sealed container; the scroll compressor unit further comprises a main frame rotatably supporting the shaft of said first scroll member, and a subsidiary frame rotatably supporting the shaft of said second scroll member; the driving device rotates the second scroll member in the same direction as the first scroll member and orbits the second scroll member relative to the first scroll member thereby continuously compressing the compression spaces radially inwardly from an outer portion to an inner portion; and in that the limit means is coupled to the driving device. In the first embodiment of the invention, the limit means is disposed on one scroll member to limit an axial movement of the other scroll member, as described above. The pressure means formed between the limit means and the other one of the two scroll members is hermitically sealed on the inner surface thereof with a resilient sealing member so that a refrigerating capacity is not lowered even when a contact force between the first and second scroll members is small at the initial stage of operation. In addition, an axial gap of the first and second scroll members is maintained constant in a normal operation so that an improvement in the refrigerating capacity can be obtained. In the second embodiment of the invention, the limit means is disposed on one scroll member to thereby limit an axial movement of the other scroll member, a pressure chamber is formed between the other scroll member and the limit means in such a manner that the pressure chamber is connected to the compression space in the compression step and a discharge port is provided to one of the shafts for the first and second scroll members. The limit means has a guide portion for slidably engaging a connector which rotates the other scroll member in the same direction as the one scroll member. In the second embodiment described above, the connector is slidably mounted on the limit means so that reduction of a refrigerating capacity can be prevented at an initial stage of operation by the limit means. Further, a driving force of the first scroll is delivered to the second scroll member by the connector and, accordingly, the thus formed connector can prevent the entire size of the scroll compressor from being enlarged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the scroll compressor embodying the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a resilient sealing member in the scroll member, Fig. 2A is a sectional view of a resilient sealing member in a modified form, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a part of the scroll compressor according to another embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A - A in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a part of the scroll compressor according to another embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B - B in Fig. 5 PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION A first preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. An electric motor unit 2 and a scroll compressor unit 3 are disposed at a lower portion and an upper portion, respectively, in a sealed container 1. The electric motor unit 2 has a stator 4 and a rotor 5 inside the stator with an air gap 6 therebetween. A passage 7 is formed on the outer surface of the stator 4 by partly cutting out the outer surface of the stator. A main frame 8 is press-fitted to an inner surface of the sealed container 1 and is provided with a main bearing 9 at a center thereof and, similarly, a subsidiary frame 10 is press-fitted to the inner surface of the sealed container 1. The subsidiary frame 10 has a subsidiary bearing 11 at a center thereof but spaced from the main bearing 9 of the main frame 8 by a distance "ε", and the main frame 8 and the subsidiary frame 10 are connected together by bolts 13 to form a chamber 12. The scroll compressor unit 3 has a first scroll member 14 (i.e., driving scroll) and a second scroll member 15 (i.e., idler or driven scroll) rotated in the same direction as the driving scroll 14. The driving scroll member 14 has a tubular end plate 16 having a projection on the outer circumference thereof, a spiral wrap 17 extending from an upper surface of the end plate 16 in an involute curve configuration, and a driving shaft 18 projecting from a center of the lower surface of the end plate 16 to be fitted fixedly into a bore of the rotor 5. The driven scroll member 15 has a disc end plate 20, a spiral wrap 21 extending from a surface of the end plate 20 in an angle-corrected involute curve configurration, and an idler shaft 22 extending from the other surface of the end plate 20. The spiral wrap 17 of the driving scroll 14 has coordinates which are obtained by: X = R (cosϑ + ϑsinϑ) Y = R (sinϑ - ϑcosϑ) and the spiral wrap 21 in an angle-corrected involute curve of the driven scroll 15 has coordinates which are obtained by: X = -R [ cosϑ + (ϑ + β) sin (ϑ + β) ] Y = -R [ sinϑ - (ϑ + β) cos (ϑ + β) ] = tan⁻¹ { P sinϑ / (P cosϑ + ε) } wherein: R: a radius of a basic circle P: a radius of a circle orbit of a driving pin The driving scroll 14 and the driven scroll 15 are placed in a confronting engagement relation in the chamber 12 formed by the main frame 8 and the subsidiary frame 10 so that the wraps 17, 21 of the two scroll members 14, 15 are contacted with each other at a plurality of points to form a plurality of compression spaces 23. A limit plate 24 for limiting an axial movement of the second scroll member 15 is made of a metal ring and is fixed to a projection 19 of the driving scroll member 14 in such a manner that it is contacted with the end plate 20 of the driven scroll member 15 and is fixed to the projection 19 of the driving scroll member by a bolt 25. The interior of the sealed container 1 is divided into a low pressure chamber 26 and a high pressure chamber 27 by the main frame 8 and the subsidiary frame 10. A chamber 12 is connected to the low pressure chamber 26 through the port 28. A driving device 29 has a driving member such as a tubular pin 30 around a bolt 25 between the projection 19 of the first scroll member 14 and the limit plate 24, and a guide groove 31 in a radial direction on the end plate 20 of the second scroll member 15. The guide groove 31 is formed in a U-shape by cutting an outer portion of the driven scroll 15 so that a circle orbit of the outer circumferential end of the guide groove 31 is positioned outside a circle orbit of the center of the driving member 30. The driven scroll member 15 has an annular groove on the end plate 20 to form an annular pressure chamber 32 on one surface in a confronting relation with the limit plate 24. In the annular pressure chamber 32, sealing rings 33, 34 each of which has a C-shape in cross section are mounted thereto along an inner and outer circumferential walls, respectively, of the annular chamber 32, and resilient members such as metal wires 35, 36 are disposed in the gap of the C-shape sealing rings to keep the substantial shape of the sealing rings 33, 34. The annular pressure chamber 32 is connected to the compression space 23, which is in the process of compression, through a small hole 37 in the end plate 20 of the second scroll member 15. The sealing rings 33, 34 may be modified to the structure as illustrated in Fig. 2 A, in which a ring-shaped slidable member 75 having high wear-resistant properties is fitted into the annular pressure chamber 32 with sealing rings 33a and 34a disposed along an inner and outer circumferential recesses or grooves of the slidable mamber 75. The modified structure shown in Fig. 2A is advantageous in that the sealing rings in the annular pressure chamber 32 is not directly contacted with a sliding surface of the limit plate 24 and, consequently, wearing of the sealing rings can be minimized. Referring again to Figs. 1 and 2, the idler shaft 22 has a discharge port 38 for discharging therethrough a compressed refrigerant in the compression space 23 into the high pressure chamber 27. The chamber 12 and the high pressure chamber 27 are separated from each other and hermetically sealed by a sealing member 39 disposed on the sliding surface between the subsidiary bearing 11 and the idler shaft 22. In Fig. 1 of the drawing, reference numeral 40 represents a suction pipe connected to the low pressure chamber 26 and reference numeral 41 a discharge pipe connected to the high pressure chamber 27. In the scroll compressor according to the present invention as described, when the electric motor unit 2 is driven, a rotational force of the motor unit 2 is delivered to the driving scroll member 14 through the main driving shaft 18, and then to the driven scroll member 15 through the driving device 29 so that the driven scroll member 15 is rotated in the same direction as the driving scroll member 14 while the driven scroll member 15 is held by the limit plate 24 and the driving scroll member 14. The idler shaft 22 of the driven scroll member 15 is eccentrically spaced from the driving shaft 18 of the driving scroll member 14 by a distance " " and accordingly the driven scroll member 15 is eccentrically rotated relative to the driving scroll member 14. Thus, the compression space 23 is gradually reduced in its volume as it is moved inwardly from an outer position to an inner position of the spiral wraps, and the refrigerant flown from the suction pipe 40 into the low pressure chamber 26 is directed into the compression space 23 for the compression purposes through the hole 28 of the main frame. The thus compressed refrigerant is fed to the dicharge port 38 of the idler shaft 22 of the driven scroll member 15 and then to the high pressure chamber 27 and after that discharged out of the sealed container through the discharge pipe 41. If the refrigerant is in a mid-compression stage and is of a middle pressure, it is discharged into the pressure chamber 32 from the small through-hole 37 so that it serves as a back pressure of the driven scroll member 15. The limit plate 24 is fixed to the projection 19 of the driving scroll member 14 by the bolt 25 to thereby limit the axial movement of the driven scroll member 15. Thus, a gap of the projected ends of the wraps 17, 21 for the driving and driven scroll members, respectively, is limited to a predetermined value or less so that a refrigerating capacity is not lowered at the start of operation whereat an axial force for pushing the driven scroll member 15 toward the driving scroll member 14 is relatively small. The pressure chamber 32 is hermetically sealed from the chamber 12 by the sealing rings 33, 34 so that a refrigerant discharged from the compression space 23 through the small hole 37 does not leak into the chamber 12. Specifically, the sealing rings 33, 34 are deformed at their sectionally C-shaped ends to contact both the limit plate 24 and the end plate 20, and the driven scroll member 15 is forced toward the driving scroll member 14 by the refrigerant pressure within the pressure chamber 32. Accordingly, even when the gap between the driven scroll member 15 and the limit plate 24 becomes large, the refrigerant in the pressure chamber 32 is prohibited from leaking into the chamber 12. Further, the sealing rings 33, 34 are disposed in the driven scroll member 15 of an orbiting movement which presents a relatively slow frictional movement with respect to the rotation of the limit plate 24 and, therefore, reduction of durability and of sealing effect can be prevented. The metal wires 35, 36 provided in the recess of the C-shaped sealing rings 33, 34 can prevent the sealing rings 33, 34 from being collapsed or crushed and maintain the desired sealing effect of the sealing rings in the pressure chamber 32. In order to avoid the structure in which the sealing rings are contacted frictionally with a rotating element as the limit plate 24, a slidable ring 75 of high wear-resistant properties with sealing rings 33a, 34a attached thereto can be provided as described with reference to Fig. 2A. This structure of Fig. 2A can prevent undesirable wearing of the sealing rings. According to the present invention, a limit member as the limit plate 24 is provided to one scroll member 14 to limit an axial movement of the other scroll member 15 toward the one scroll member 14, and a pressure chamber 32 connected to the compression space 23 is formed between the limit plate and the other scroll member 15 so that a resilient sealing device, such as the sealing rings 33, 34, provided in the pressure chamber 32 are contacted with the limit plate 24 and the end plate of the other scroll member 15. Accordingly, the two scroll members 14, 15 can be placed in a mutually engaged relation by an axially limited force, and an axial sealing force of the two scroll members can be improved. Further, a gap in an axial direction between the two scroll members can be maintained constant and, consequently, a refrigerting capacity at the initial stage of operation can be improved. Figs. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a tubular frame 70 is provided between the main frame 8 and the subsidiary frame 10, which is slightly modified in shape relative to the frame 10 of the first embodiment of Fig. 1, so that a space 50 is formed. The limit plate 24 which limits an axial movement of the driven scroll member 15 is of ring-shape and contacted with the end plate 20 of the driven scroll member 15. The limit plate 24 in this embodiment is contacted with the end plate 20 of the driven scroll member 15 and is fitted to a tubular member 52 which is fixed to the outer circumference of the end plate 16 of the driving scroll member 14. In the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, a separation plate 72 is disposed between the sealed container 1 and a cover 1A, and the separation plate 72 is held between the subsidiary frame 10 and the tubular frame 70 and the separation plate 72 is unitarily diposited between the sealed container 1 and the cover 1a. A sealing material 73 is provided between the subsidiary frame 10 and the separation plate 72. A driving device 54 has a ring 56 which is fitted to a sliding surface 55 on an outer circumference of the idler shaft 22 of the driven scroll member 15, and a key 58 slidably fitted to a key groove 57 which is formed on the limit plate 24 at a right angle to the sliding surface 55 of the idler shaft 22. By the separation plate 72, the interior of the sealed container 1 divided into the low pressure chamber 26 and the high pressure chamber 27, and the space 50 is connected with the low pressure chamber 26 through the hole 28 of the main frame 8. The main frame 8 has a pipe 60 for discharging the oil stored in the space 50 of the main frame 8 into the low pressure chamber 26. The idler shaft 22 has a discharge port 38 for discharging the compressed refrigerant in the compression space 23 into the high pressure chamber 27. In the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, the limit plate 24 is fitted to the tubular member 52 fixed to the outer circumference of the end plate 16 of the driving scroll member 14 to thereby limit an axial movement of the driven scroll member 15. Thus, a clearance at the end of the wraps 17 and 21 of the driving and driven scroll member 14 and 15, respectively, is limited to the predetermined value or less so that a refrigerating capacity is not lowered at the time of start of operation in which an axial force for moving one scroll member to the other scroll member is relatively small. The annular pressure chamber 32 is hermetically shielded from the space 50 by the sealing rings 33, 34 so that the refrigerant discharged from the compression space 23 through the small hole 37 is not introduced into the space 50. More specifically, the sealing rings 33, 34 are deformed outwardly at their upper and lower portions of the C-shaped cross section by the refrigerant discharged from the compression space 23, and the driven scroll member 15 is axially forced toward the driving scroll member 14. Thus, the refrigerant in the pressure chamber 32 is prevented from leaking into the space 50. The ring 56 of the driving device 54 is mounted on the slide surface 55 of the idler shaft 22 of the driven scroll member 15, and the key is fitted in the key groove 57 of the limit plate 24 fixed to the driving scroll member 14 so that the driven scroll member 15 is rotated in the same direction as the driving scroll member 14 which is driven by the electric motor unit 2 (Fig. 1). Besides, since the driving device 54 is engaged with both the idler shaft 22 and the limit plate 24 which limits an axial movement of the driven scroll member 15, the driving device 54 can be positioned inside the compressor unit 3 and, therefore, an expansion of the outer dimension of the sealed container 1 can be prevented. In the embodiment described above, the slide surface 55 is formed integral with the idler shaft 22 of the driven scroll member 15, a modification can be made as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. In the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6, a ring-like member 64 having a slide surface 62 is mounted in the ring 54 of the driving device 54 so that the ring-like member 64 is fixed by fixing members 68 disposed to the idler shaft 22 and stop rings 71 disposed on upper and lower axial positions of the idler shaft 22. Other structural features of the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6 are substantially similar with those of the previous embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4. In the embodiments of Figs. 3 to 6, the limit plate which can restrict an axial movement of the driven scroll member is provided with a guide device which slidably contacts the driving device and, therefore, the driving device is not effected in an axial direction by a pressure in the compressed space produced by the two scroll members and wearing of the driving device can be minimized. Further, since the driving device can be mounted inside the compression unit, the size, particularly an outer diameter, of the scroll compressor can be reduced desirably.

Claims: A scroll compressor comprising a scroll compressor unit (3), wherein the scroll compressor unit (3) has: a first scroll member (14) having an end plate (16), a wrap (17) of an involute curve projecting from one side of the end plate (16), a rotary shaft (18) projecting from the other side of the end plate (16), a second scroll member (15) having an end plate (20), a wrap (21) of an involute curve projecting from one side of the end plate (20), a rotary shaft (22) projecting from the other side of the end plate (20) of the second scroll member (15), the wrap (17) of said first scroll member (14) being in a juxtaposed engagement relation with the wrap (21) of said second scroll member (15), and the shaft (22) of said second scroll member (15) being eccentrically spaced from the shaft (18) of said first scroll member (14) so that the wraps (17,21) of the two scroll members are fitted closely together to form a plurality of compression spaces, a driving device (29,30,31; 54,55,56,58; 54,62,64,68,71) for rotating said second scroll member (15), limit means (24,19,25; 24,52,57), disposed on one of the first and second scroll members, for limiting an axial movement of the other of the first and second scroll members, and a pressure means (32) formed between said limit means (24) of the one of the two scroll members and the end plate of the other of the two scroll members; characterized in that: the scroll compressor further comprises an electric motor unit (2) connected to the rotary shaft of the first scroll member, and the electric motor unit (2) and the scroll compressor unit (3) are disposed in a sealed container (1); the scroll compressor unit (3) further comprises a main frame (8) rotatably supporting the shaft (18) of said first scroll member (14), and a subsidiary frame (10) rotatably supporting the shaft (22) of said second scroll member (15); the driving device (28,30,31; 54,55,56,58; 54,62,64,68,71) rotates the second scroll member (15) in the same direction as the first scroll member (14) and orbits the second scroll member (15) relative to the first scroll member (14) thereby continuously compressing the compression spaces radially inwardly from an outer portion to an inner portion; and in that the limit means (24,19,25; 24,52,57) is coupled to the driving device (29,30,31; 54,55,56,58; 54,62,64,68,71). The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein said pressure means (32) is sealed by resilient sealing means (33,34; 33a,34a) between said limit means (24) and said end plate (20) of said driven scroll member (15). The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein said pressure means (32) has a recess on either said limit means (24) or said end plate of said other scroll member to form a chamber. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein said resilient sealing means (33a,34a) has a slidable member (75) of a high wear-resistant material, said slidable member (75) having sealing rings. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein said limit means (24) has a guide portion (57) for slidably moving said driving device (54). The scroll compressor according to claim 5, wherein said driving device (54) is slidably fitted to a slide surface (55,62) of the shaft (22) of said other scroll member.

Inventors: ISHIAI YOSHIO, MASHIMO DENJI, MITSUNAGA TOSHIHIKO, NOBORU YOSHINORI, SUGIMOTO KAZUYOSHI, ISHIAI, YOSHIO, MASHIMO, DENJI, MITSUNAGA, TOSHIHIKO, NOBORU, YOSHINORI, SUGIMOTO, KAZUYOSHI
Applicants: SANYO ELECTRIC CO, SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: F04C18
IPC codes: F04C27, F04C18