Compact read/write scanner

Abstract: Combined input scanner and output scanner has a scanning carriage (20) adapted for scanning movement having a reading head (21) secured thereto for scanning a document (14) to produce a digital image and a printing head (25) secured thereto for relative movement with respect to a copy sheet (13) and electrically connected to the reading head for printing a digital image on a copy sheet. The reading head includes a solid state device (26) with input reading elements and the printing head includes a solid state device (27) with output printing elements, which devices are securely comounted in the same plane to the same planar substrate (52) in the scanning carriage.

Description: The present invention relates to scanners and, more particularly, to combined input/output scanners. Historically, copies of original documents have been produced by a xerographic process wherein the original document to be copied is placed on a transparent platen, either by hand or automatically through the use of a document handler, and the original document illuminated by a relatively high intensity light. Image rays reflected from the illuminated document are focused by a suitable optical system onto a previously charged photoconductor, the image light rays functioning to discharge the photoconductor in accordance with the image content of the original to produce an electrostatic latent image of the original on the photoconductor. The electrostatic latent image so produced is thereafter developed by a suitable developer material commonly referred to as toner, and the developed image transferred to a sheet of copy paper brought forward by a suitable feeder. The transferred image is thereafter fixed to the copy paper by fusing to provide a permanent copy while the photoconductor is cleaned of residual developer preparatory to recharging. More recently, interest has arisen in electronic imaging where, in contrast to the aforedescribed xerographic system, the image of the document original is converted to electrical signals or pixels and these signals, which may be processed, transmitted over long distances, and/or stored, are used to produce one or more copies. In such an electronic imaging system, rather than focusing the light image onto a photoreceptor for purposes of discharging a charged surface prior to xerographic development, the optical system focuses the image rays reflected from the document original onto an image reading array which serves to convert the image rays to electrical signals. These signals are used to create an image by some means such as operating a laser beam to discharge a xerographic photoreceptor, or by operating some direct marking system such as an ink jet, direct thermal or thermal transfer printing system. It would be generally advantageous if the normally separate document reading and copy printing operations could be combined. If some of these reading/writing functions could be combined, system operation and synchronization could be simplified and system cost reduced through the use of fewer parts. There are systems in the prior art that address the above identified concerns. For example: U.S. Patent No. 4,496,984 to Stoffel and U.S. Patent No. 4,583,126 disclose an input/output scanner for simultaneously reading a document and writing a copy. The document and copy sheet are fed in back to back relation to the read/write station. A monolithic full width reading array reads each line in two steps, to improve resolution. The writing array consists of rows of ink jet nozzles, of which the number and disposition is in direct correspondence to the sensors of the read bar. U.S. Patent No. 4,424,524 to Daniele discloses a full width read/write LED array for scanning a document in the read mode or exposing the photoreceptor in the write mode. A Selfoc optical fiber lens array is used for focusing the full width LED array on the document and the frame assembly includes copy sheet and document or photoreceptor.transport paths including means to index a document to the document path in a direction transverse to the first direction, and to index a copy sheet through the copy sheet path, in the opposite transverse direction of indexing said document. U.S. Patent no. 4,636,871 to Oi discloses a copying machine comprising separate reading and printing arrays and a scanning mechanism for moving the subject copy. A relative movement between the copying paper sheet and print element and between the document and read element is effected so that scanning is performed in the same pattern on both the reading and printing sides. A difficulty with these prior art systems is the complexity and cost of separate components such as the complex optics, photoreceptor and developer in a typical xerographic process such as the Daniele system. In other systems such as the Stoffel system, it is necessary for an operator to manually combine a document and copy sheet into a single unit for manual insertion to the machine feed rolls. Such a system also has a significant cost penalty associated with components such as the monolithic full width reading array. Other prior art that may be of interest comprises US-A-4 575 317 and US-A-4 707 747: U. S. Patent No. 4,574,317 to Scheible discloses a hand scannable portable copier and method which uses a LED array and a thermal print head array which are co-planar with respect to each other. See column 2, lines 50-54. The copier uses a transparent copy sheet in order that a document and the copy sheet may be placed on top of one another. See column 2, lines 45-50. The apparatus allows a small band of information to be copied. U.S. Patent No. 4,707,747 to Rockwell, discloses a hand held scanning device in which a LED array and several chips are mounted on the same substrate. See column 4, lines 10-12. The device is solely intended for scanning purposes. IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin Vol.16, No.11, pp.3568-3569 discloses a document reader and printer fabricated on a monolithic IC chip. The chip comprises a set of thermal printer elements, a set of optical sensors and registers which interface the printer elements and optical sensors. US-A-4,920,421 discloses a combined input and output scanner comprising in combination a stationary support for holding a document, a carriage system adapted for scanning movement in a first direction across the document and for indexing movement in a second direction transverse to the first direction, the carriage system scanning a band of information across the document and then indexing a first distance to scan another band of information across he document, a reading head rigidly secured to the carriage system for scanning the document to produce a digital image of the document, a copy sheet support, the copy sheet support indexing in said second direction to convey the copy sheet in the direction of indexing of the carriage system, said copy sheet being indexed a second distance in the direction of the index of the carriage upon the completion of each scan across the document, and a printing head rigidly secured to the carriage for relative movement with respect to a copy sheet and electrically connected to the reading head for printing said digital image on said copy sheet. This known scanner, which is acknowledged in the preamble of claim 1 of the present European patent specification, requires a large amount of additional components to enable the scan assembly to move down the length of the paper. In addition, this prior art discloses the necessity of providing a mechanism for forwarding the final printed document from the apparatus after printing is completed. The present invention provides a combined input scanner and output scanner comprising a reading head for scanning a document to produce a digital image and a printing head adapted for relative movement with respect to a copy sheet and electrically connected to said reading head for printing said digital image on said copy sheet, said reading head including a solid state device with input reading elements and said printing head including a solid state device with output printing elements, and a scanning carriage movably mounted in a frame assembly and adapted for scanning movement in a scanning path in a first direction along the length of said frame assembly, the reading head and the printing head being secured to a mounting substrate of the scanning carriage, said frame assembly including copy sheet transport path including indexing means to index a copy sheet through a copy sheet path in a second direction, transverse to said first direction, such that the end pixel on one side of the read head coincides with the lead edge of the document to be copied and the end pixel on the opposite side of the print head coincides with the lead edge of the copy sheet to form a right reading image on the copy sheet, characterised in that said frame assembly further includes a document transport path including indexing means to index a document through a document path in a direction opposite to said second direction, so that said document and said copy sheet are simultaneously indexed in opposite directions by said indexing means, in that said mounting substrate has the shape of a planar substrate, and in that said solid state devices are securely comounted in the same plane to said planar mounting substrate. The invention yields the advantage that there is no need to provide an additional mechanism for delivering the final copy out of the system. The invention also provides a simplification of known copy systems by eliminating the need for an elaborate mechanism for moving a scan carriage along the length of a document original. This allows for a copy system of compact size. The claimed arrangement also enables said solid state devices to be mounted on the same planar substrate, thereby substantially reducing mechanical tolerance requirements. This configuration also enables these solid state devices and possibly all control chips to be combined into a single chip. The scanning carriage may move between an image plane and a printing plane parallel to the image plane, and the planar mounting substrate may be perpendicular to both the image plane and the printing plane. The substrate may be ceramic. In one form of the present invention, the input device and output device are comounted in a vertical plane. In another form of the present invention, the input device and output device are comounted in a horizontal array in a vertical plane. The output chip may be a thermal ink jet array, a direct thermal print head or a thermal transfer head. A control chip, which may be part of the input chip, may also be comounted to the planar substrate. In an embodiment of the present invention, the carriage is movably mounted in a frame assembly for scanning movement in a scanning path in a first direction across the length of the frame assembly, and the frame assembly includes copy sheet and document transport paths including means to index a document to the document path in a direction transverse to the first direction, and to index a copy sheet through the copy sheet path, in the opposite transverse direction of indexing said document. The reading and writing may occur essentially simultaneously without information storage. The scanning carriage may be mounted for bi-directional movement in the frame assembly. In this embodiment of the invention, the right side pixel of the read head coincides with the lead edge of a portion of a document to be copied and the left side pixel of the print head coincides with the lead edge of the print of said portion on a copy sheet to form a right reading image on the copy sheet. The scanning carriage is movably mounted between the plane of said document transport path and the plane of said copy sheet transport path. More specifically, the document transport path is above said copy sheet transport path and said reading head and printing head are comounted on said scanning carriage for essentially simultaneously reading a document face side down in said document transport path and printing a digital image face side up on a copy sheet in said copy sheet transport. In this embodiment, the indexing means simultaneously indexes a document in said document transport path and a copy sheet in said copy sheet transport path. More specifically, when said carriage moves in said first direction the reading head scans a band of information across the document and the printing head essentially simultaneously prints the same band of information across a copy sheet and upon completion of said scanning movement said indexing means indexes the document and copy sheet through their respective paths a distance equal to the width of said band of information before said carriage scans another band of information across the document. The indexing means includes a first pair of synchronously driven rotatable drive rolls, each drive roll forming a feeding nip for a document with a document feed idler roll and a feeding nip for a copy sheet with a copy sheet feed idler roll. The drive rolls may have a circumference equal to the width of the band of information. By way of example, embodiments of the invnetion will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals are applied to the same parts in several figures and wherein: Figure 1 is an exploded isometric view of a compact copier. Figure 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of the compact copier. Figure 3 is a plan view illustrating the scanning carriage system of the copier. Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line AA of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in Figure 3. Figure 6A, 68, and 6C are three isometric views illustrating the general operation of the compact copier. Figure 7 is an illustration of the scanning operation. Figure 8 is an isometric representation of the scanning carriage. Figure 9 is a view in cross section illustrating a modification of the copier. Referring now to Figure 6A, 6B and 6C a general overview is provided of the compact portable copier described in greater detail below. The copier is generally illustrated as comprising a frame assembly 15 having a maintenance station 12 at one end and a top cover 11 pivotally mounted to the frame assembly. To make a copy of document 14 the top cover is rotated to the open position as shown in Figure 6A, copy sheet 13 is inserted at the entrance of the copy sheet transport path and the document 14 is inserted against a registration stop member in the top cover after which the top cover is closed and the copying sequence begins by the scanning carriage scanning a band of information across the document. During the scanning operation the image on the document is digitized by an input digitizing system and, in the preferred arrangement a digital image is essentially simultaneously printed by a printing system on the copy sheet. Subsequently, the document is indexed to the right and the copy sheet is indexed to the left to enable the scanning carriage to scan a second band of information in the reverse scanning direction across the document. The distance of the indexing of both the document and copy sheet is the width of the band of information across the document. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 8 of the drawings, the copier comprises a combined input scanner and output scanner designated generally by reference numeral 10. The scanner 10 includes the frame assembly 15 composed of a base unit 18, rails 19 within which scanning carriage 20 is transported during its scanning path. When not in scanning operation the scanning carriage 20 is parked in the maintenance station 12 where it is protected from contamination and maintained in a relatively constant environment. The scanning carriage 20 includes an array of light emitting diodes 21 mounted to substrate 52 which is typically ceramic or planar plastic, and has a heat sink 54 (Fig.4) built into its rear portion. Input and control chip 26 and output chip 27 with print bar 25 are comounted in the same plane to the same planar substrate 52. During operation the scanning carriage scans a document which is in an image plane and prints on the copy sheet which is in the printing plane parallel to the image plane. The planar substrate to which the input chip and output chip are comounted is perpendicular to both the image plane and the printing plane. Power is provided to the substrate by connector 53 (Fig.8). The chip substrate is mounted to the scanning carriage 20 by means of docking pins 56 cooperating with docking holes 57. When assembled, the document can be scanned with the image being reflected by mirror 22 through half-lens 23 back to the input and the control chip 26 which can essentially simultaneously activate the output chip 27. This arrangement enables the input chip and the output chip to be mounted on the same planar substrate, thereby substantially reducing mechanical tolerance requirements. This configuration also enables the input chip and output chip and possibly all control chips to be combined into a single chip. The substrate may be made of any suitable planar material. Typical materials include and ceramics such as alumina which are mechanically stable with good heat transfer and thermal expansion properties. This assembly scans or reads document originals 14, the image area being converted to electric image signals or pixels. The image signals generated by the reading head are input to print bar 25 which may be any suitable direct imaging device such as a thermal transfer head or preferably a thermal ink jet array to write copies of the document originals in accordance with the image signals onto a suitable substrate or copy sheet 13. It will be understood that while reference has been made to input and output chips, ink jet arrays etc. that the present invention is directed in a more generic sense to the mounting of solid state devices with input reading elements and solid state devices with output printing elements. It will be understood that the number of scanning elements or sensors that comprise the image read bar 17 determine the initial scanning resolution while the number of ink jet nozzles that comprise the print bar 25 determine the resolution of the image copy. In a preferred embodiment the number of input scanning elements equals the number of output printing elements. Both the scanning head and the print head are secured for movement on scanning carriage 20 which is mounted for forward and backward bi-directional scanning movement in a scanning path along the length of the frame assembly by means of scan stepper motor 32 through gear 31 pulleys 29 and 30 and cable 28 to move the scanning carriage in the rails 19. The movement of the scan carriage 20 supporting image read assembly 21, 22, 23, 26 and print bar 25 is further illustrated with respect to Figure 7. Arrows 33a and 33b illustrate the forward and reverse scan of the carriage 20 across a document and copy sheet, also shown in Figure 2. The arrows 68 illustrate that a number of pixels, perpendicular to the direction of movement of scan carriage 22, are both read by the read assembly and printed by the print bar as the carriage scans the document and copy sheet. In a typical embodiment, 192 pixels at 300 per inch are read and printed perpendicular to the movement of carriage as it scans. In this example arrow 68 represents a band of information .0033 inch long and 0.64 inch wide which is read and printed. The movement of the carriage can be continuous or in discrete steps, but in a preferred embodiment, the 192 pixels are read and printed in increments that are one pixel apart as shown. In one embodiment, each time the scan carriage moves a distance of one pixel width across the sheet, the electronic image of 192 pixels down the sheet are moved into a shift register and then amplified and shifted in reverse order into the print bar to fire the 192 ink jets and thereby create a print of the 192 pixels previously read. This sequence is repeated each time the scan carriage has moved a distance of one pixel width. It should be noted that the scanning could also be done with 192 parallel channels, each channel reading and writing a single line of pixels as the carriage sweeps across the page. While it is preferred that the read/write operation be substantially simultaneous it should also be noted that a digital buffer or register could be incorporated to initially store the scanned or read signals for later printing after a predetermined or arbitrary time period. It should also be understood that the combined scanner illustrated has multimode capability and could be operated independently as a printer modulated by any suitable device providing digital information, operated independently as a scanner to convert source documents to a digital representation, or operated as a facsimile device using the reading and printing elements when combined with a suitable modem, or operated as a copier by combining the scanning and printing operations. Following a scanning run in either direction across the length of the frame assembly the document and copy sheet are each indexed through the scanner in opposite directions a distance equal to the width of the band of information on the document scanned by the reading head which is the same as the width of the band of information printed on the copy sheet by the printing head. This width can be any width from a minimum of a single pixel line to a maximum of the width of the entire document. In practical terms, however, in order to keep the cost of the read and write components low the width of the band is of the order of a fraction of an inch to several inches wide. The method for achieving this is illustrated with further reference to FIGS. 1, 2 & 3, wherein an indexing means is provided at one end of the frame assembly comprising a pair of synchronously driven rotatable drive rolls 35 forming a feeding nip for a document with document feed idler rolls 42 contained within the top cover 11 of the scanner. The term synchronously driven is intended to define only that the drive rolls 35 are synchronized to each other. The drive rolls 35 also form a feeding nip for a copy sheet with the copy sheet idler rolls 46 in the copy sheet transport path. The drive rolls 35 are driven by index motor 38 through pulley gear 37 and belt 36. The scan motor 32 and the index motor 38 are controlled by appropriate logic. With additional reference to Figure 5, the top cover 11 is pivotally mounted to the frame assembly 15 (in particular the base unit 18), and pivots about points 41. When the top cover is pivoted to the open position the document feed idler rolls 42 are disengaged from the drive rolls and the registration edge 44 is inserted into the plane of the document transport path enabling the placement of a document to be copied in the scanner with its lead edge registered and inhibiting transport of the document through the document transport path. In a similar manner the first incoming copy sheet idler roll 46 in the base unit is retracted from engagement from the drive roll 35 by linkage (not shown) when the top cover is raised to the open position. Similarly, registration gates 47 are inserted into the copy sheet transport path to enable manual registration of the copy sheet. In a preferred embodiment the circumference of the drive rolls is equal to a the width of the band of information across the document scanned by the scanning carriage to eliminate run out and shaft straightness tolerance defects which otherwise might cause some mis-registration between scan widths. As further illustrated in Figure 4, the base unit 18 has ink supply 49 connected to the ink jet print head 27 by means of a flexible umbilical ink supply tube 50. While the scanner may have power supplied by conventional connection to household electrical circuit Figure 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment wherein a rechargeable battery 43 is contained within the top. In operation when the top cover is opened the idler rolls in the document path which are mounted in the top cover are moved out of position enabling placement of the document against front registration edge which is part of the top cover assembly. Opening the top cover also causes the first incoming copy paper idler roller to disengage from its drive roller and a set of registration fingers in the copy paper path to move into the copy paper path. A copy sheet may be inserted from the right until its lead edge contacts the registration finger and a document may be inserted from the left on the top of the scanner face down. Following insertion of the copy sheet and the document the top cover is closed thereby re-engaging both the copy paper and document idler rolls with the drive roll. In addition, the copy paper registration fingers are withdrawn, two sensors (not illustrated) detect that both the document and the copy paper have been loaded accordingly and the logic initiates the copying sequence. The scan carriage containing the read and write head disengages from the maintenance station and scans across the document and copy sheet while both remain stationary. The document is positioned so that its lead edge coincides with the right side pixel of the read head, and the copy paper is positioned so that its lead edge coincides with the left side pixel of the print head. This enables the formation of a right reading image on the copy sheet. A line of information on the document read on the right extreme of the image read head fires the print head on the extreme left of the printing array during the scan of the carriage 20. This may be illustrated with reference to Figure 5. The pixel data received by the input chip at the extreme right of the chip (R) is transmitted and amplified, as the carriage 20 moves in the direction into and out of the paper, to modulate the print head to fire the print head at the extreme left (L) of the print head. This scheme enables the printing of right reading copies with essentially simultaneous reading and writing without information storage. As the carriage scans across both the document and the copy paper, the 0.64 inches band of information being read off the document is immediately printed onto the copy paper. When the first scan is complete the carriage motion stops. Both the document and copy paper are then indexed in a direction transverse to the scanning direction the width of the band of information previously scanned. This indexing is accomplished by driving the single pair of drive rolls which engage the document at the 12:00 position with the document feed idler rolls forming a feeding nip therebetween, and the copy paper at the 6:00 position with the copy sheet feed idler roll forming a feeding nip therebetween. The clockwise motion of the drive rolls of one revolution causes the document to be indexed 0.64 inches to the right and the copy paper to be indexed 0.64 inches to the left. In this way the second band of information from the document is moved into a position over a scan carriage and a second portion of the copy paper is moved to a position under the print head. The scan carriage scans across the document and copy paper in the reverse direction from the first scan again reading the document and immediately printing the copy. Alternatively, the scan carriage may return to the maintenance station and scan again in the same direction. This sequence is repeated until the entire document is read and the entire copy is printed after which time the print head returns to the maintenance station and is parked. After the last scan across the document and copy paper is completed, the index motor is activated to eject the trial edge of the document to the right and the copy to the left after which the scanner returns to the dormant state until the top cover is again opened and closed to reinitiate the next copy sequence. Attention is directed to Figure 9 for an alternative embodiment where the input chip 26 and printing chip 27 are comounted in a horizontal array to planar vertical substrate 52 at the front or rear of the scanning carriage as it moves into and out of the Figure. Thus, a mounting geometry has been described which minimizes tolerance requirements in the mounting of the input chip and ink jet chip in a combined input scanner and output scanner. This enables minimizing pixel placement error by enabling the alignment of photo sights in the input chip with the lines of print elements in the output chip by securely comounting the two chips in the same plane to the same planar substrate. It further facilitates all the electronics being mounted to the same planar substrate and indeed enables the mounting of the input chip, the control chip and the ink jet chip directly to the planar substrate thus reducing the number of harnesses, flex cables and connectors required. Although the above description relates specifically to a copier, the described arrangement is also capable of being applied to printers, scanners, or facsimile devices.

Claims: A combined input scanner and output scanner comprising a reading head (21) for scanning a document (14) to produce a digital image and a printing head (25) adapted for relative movement with respect to a copy sheet (13) and electrically connected to said reading head for printing said digital image on said copy sheet, said reading head including a solid state device (26) with input reading elements and said printing head including a solid state device (27) with output printing elements, and a scanning carriage movably mounted in a frame assembly (15) and adapted for scanning movement in a scanning path (33a, 33b) in a first direction along the length of said frame assembly, the reading head (21) and the printing head (25) being secured to a mounting substrate (52), of the scanning carriage, said frame assembly including copy sheet transport path including indexing means (35, 42, 46) to index a copy sheet through a copy sheet path in a second direction, transverse to said first direction, such that the end pixel on one side of the read head coincides with the lead edge of the document to be copied and the end pixel on the opposite side of the print head coincides with the lead edge of the copy sheet to form a right reading image on the copy sheet, characterised in that said frame assembly further includes a document transport path including indexing means (35,42,46) to index a document through a document path in a direction opposite to said second direction, so that said document (14) and said copy sheet (13) are simultaneously indexed in opposite directions by said indexing means (35, 42, 46), in that said mounting substrate (52) has the shape of a planar substrate, and in that said solid state devices are securely comounted in the same plane to said planar mounting substrate. A scanner as claimed in claim 1, wherein said scanning carriage is adapted for scanning movement between an image plane and a printing plane parallel to said image plane, and said planar mounting substrate is perpendicular to both of said image plane and printing plane. A scanner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the input solid state device and output solid state device form an array perpendicular to the image plane on the mounting substrate. A scanner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the input solid state device and output solid state device form an array parallel to the image plane on the mounting substrate. A scanner as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said substrate is ceramic. A scanner as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said output solid state device is a thermal ink jet array, or a direct thermal print head, or a thermal transfer print head. A scanner as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, further including a control chip which is also mounted to the mounting substrate and which may be part of the input solid state device. A scanner as claimed in any of the preceding claims, where said indexing means comprises a single index motor (38) for simultaneously indexing said document in said document transport path and said copy sheet in said copy sheet transport path. A scanner as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein said document transport path is above said copy sheet transport path, and said reading head and printing head are comounted on said scanning carriage for essentially simultaneously reading a document face side down in said document transport path and printing a digital image face side up on a copy sheet in said copy sheet transport. The scanner of any of the preceding claims, wherein when said carriage moves in said first direction, the reading head scans a band of information across the document and the printing head essentially simultaneously prints the same band of information across a copy sheet and upon completion of said scanning movement said indexing means indexes the document and copy sheet through their respective paths a distance equal to the width of said band of information before said carriage scans another band of information across the document, said indexing means including a first pair of synchronously driven rotatable drive rolls (35), each drive roll forming a feeding nip for a document with document feed idler rolls (42) and a feeding nip for a copy sheet with copy sheet feed idler rolls (46), said drive rolls having a circumference equal to the width of the band of information.

Inventors: ROBIDEAU ROBERT, STEMMLE DENIS J, ROBIDEAU, ROBERT, STEMMLE, DENIS J.
Applicants: XEROX CORP, XEROX CORPORATION
Application year: 1991
Main classification: H04N1
IPC codes: H04N1