Atomizer

Abstract: A pump-type atomizer is disclosed having a movable nozzle head (2) and plunger (3) that are operatively associated with a stationary cylindrical element (1). The cylindrical element (1) has an upper portion (1a) and a lower portion (1b), the lower portion (1b) having a tapered configuration such that its diameter decreases in a direction away from the upper portion. A valve element (8) within the cylindrical element (1) has valve body which cooperates with a passage (9) in plunger (3) to normally close the passage (9). The valve element (8) also has a piston (8b) which, when the nozzle head (2) is depressed, cooperates with the lower, tapered portion (1b) of the cylindrical element (1) to form, in cooperation with the plunger (3), encloses a portion of the liquid. Further movement of the nozzle head (2) increases the pressure on this fluid, which overcomes a biasing force on the valve to open the valve and allow the fluid to pass through the passageway and exit through the nozzle head (2).

Description: This invention provides a liquid atomizer having an improved valve body. A conventionally structured atomizer, mostly like that shown in Figure 6, meant to atomize liquids contained therein, embodies a valve element which is composed, as a rule, of a pair of individually moulded, but correspondingly shaped hollow-set valve stubs 14a, 14b. Between such two semi-cylinders is mounted a steel ball check valve 14c to unite both together. Such a ball type valve as used in an atomizer has several disadvantages that should be removed in order to make best use of an atomizer. As one example, such a conventional ball valve 14c is typically made of rigid materials such that the presence of any kind of oxides adhered to its surface will add to the detriment of liquid-tight performance and eventually result in prejudicing the compression efficiency, further resulting in liquid drops being present in the resulting spray. Furthermore, in operation, the valve element 14 may easily get clogged in the wall surrounding the journal of the compression cylinder. Additionally, when a conventionally structured valve is subject to excessive externally induced shock, vibration or tilting stresses, the steel ball 14c will respond accordingly so that the high pressure liquids being compressed in the compression chamber will have a chance to enter the semi-cylinder by passing the interval gap existing between the steel ball 14c and the medium chamber 14b. All of these disadvantages are reflected in obvious reduction of the pressure prevailing in the compression cylinder and, consequently, reduction in the rate, power of the liquid being fed out, and substantial decrease in the atomizing performance of the nozzle head which would then eject atomized particles accompanied by liquid drops, rather than fully atomized particles. In addition, the construction of a conventional valve element, disclosed accordingly, by virtue of a separately run production involving assembling procedures for the embodiment that necessarily incurs much labor and time, and of the additional costs owing to the presence of a steel ball to be fitted therebetween, is far from being advantageous from economical as well as production efficiency viewpoints. Both GB-A-2110771 and FR-A-2181198 disclose a hand-held pump-type dispenser in which depression of a nozzle causes increasing pressurisation of a fluid in the dispenser to a point at which the pressure forces open a valve in a passage connecting the fluid and the nozzle to allow pressurised fluid to exit the nozzle. A main objective of the present invention is to provide an atomizer wherein the valve body is prepared differently in contrast to the conventional steel valve bodies so that it will not suffer from any external shocks and maintain a tightly closed condition, a relatively higher compression ratio so as to permit optimum atomization, and which should prove advantageous in respect of economy of production costs. According to the present invention there is provided a pump-type atomizer comprising a nozzle in communication with one end of a first passage member, the first passage member comprising a valve seat, the other end of the first passage member communicating in a fluid-tight manner with one end of a second passage member and being mounted for slidable movement relative thereto, a valve member being mounted within the second passage member, the valve member being contactable in a fluid-tight manner with the other end of the second passage member or with the valve seat, and biassing means for urging the valve member away from the other end of the second passage member and toward the valve seat, wherein the second passage member comprises an upper portion and a lower portion with a maximum diameter less than the diameter of the upper portion, characterized in that the lower portion has a tapered configuration such that its diameter decreases in a direction away from the upper portion. To achieve such an objective, there is provided an atomizer construction of a type incorporating a nozzle head connected to the plunger of a hollow-set piston in the lower section thereof, said piston being engaged by continuous overlapped fitting to a large diameter portion of a cylinder. The underside of the cylinder, having a reduced taper diameter, is engaged in the liquid container. The plunger is provided with a passage hole in association with the spraying outlet of the nozzle head, and tops the end portion of a valve body in communication with the valve seat being formed in the central area of the passage hole, to the effect that a steel spring seated in the reduced area of the cylinder will bear the end portion of the valve body against the valve seat such that the valve element may come to a position for fitting into the cylinder. A piston provided down the valve element will maintain a tightly bound engagement with the interior wall of the reduced diameter of the cylinder as the nozzle head is depressed. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the atomizer structure in one illustrative, non-limiting embodiment; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-section illustrating the embodiment of Fig. 1 with the nozzle head depressed to activate the valve element; Fig. 3 is an illustration of the valve element covered in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross section of the plunger-lid sealing area on an enlarged scale; Fig. 5 is a frontal view of the nozzle, prepared according to the invention, on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 6 is a longitudinally exploded schematic of a conventional atomizer using a steel ball type valve element. Referring to Fig. 1, showing the atomizer of the present invention in a longitudinal cross section while no depression is made to the nozzle head thereof, it will be seen that the cylinder 1 comprises, in combination, a portion of larger diameter 1a and one of a reduced diameter 1b, the larger diameter 1a telescopingly engaged with a hollow-set piston 4 provided as part of the plunger 3 of the nozzle head. The lower end of the reduced diameter 1b extends in the form of a suction tube 11 into the vessel 5. The valve seat 1c lies between the larger diameter portion 1a and the reduced diameter portion 1b. The nozzle 7 is in connection with plunger 3 through opening 6. One end of the valve element 8 points upwards and forms a tight-bound valve body 8a together with valve seat 9 and is mounted central to the opening 6. The valve element 8 is fitted in cylinder 1, the valve body 8a being borne against the valve seat 9 by means of spring 10 fitted in the reduced diameter portion 1b. The lower part of the valve element 8 is structured such that the interior of the reduced diameter 1b will maintain a tight-bound engagement with the piston 8b upon depression of the nozzle head 2. According to this illustrative embodiment, piston 8b is made from emollient resin materials having highly reliable water and ethyl alcohol tightness characteristics. Initial depression in operation will bring liquids A into cylinder 1 through suction, spraying of atomized particles with the invention is through fingertip depression of the nozzle head 2. In the meantime, the plunger 3 will move downward, the valve seat 9 forming a part of the plunger 3 and being positioned on the valve body 8a will move the valve element 8 in conjunction therewith. The hollow-set piston 4, also forming a part of the plunger 3, is telescoped within the larger diameter portion 1a in the downward displacement. The underside of the valve element 8 is formed into a piston 8b which forms an enclosure with respect to the larger diameter portion 1a when slid into engagement with the reduced diameter portion 1b of the cylinder 1. The liquids theretofore stored in the space confined by the valve seat 9, relative to the plunger 3, through the cylinder 1 are restricted from flowing into the reduced diameter portion 1b and as such are compressed by the depression of the nozzle head 2, to the effect that the piston 8b will come into engagement with the reduced diameter portion 1b and pressure on the confined liquid will be increased. The pressure passes to the valve element 8 by means of the piston 8b thereon. The valve element 8 overcoming the biasing force of spring 10 in response to such pressure is further depressed with concurrent disengagement of the top end of the valve 8a from its contact position with the valve seat 9 relative to the plunger 3. As a result, liquid acted upon by the high pressure will instantly find its way out of the nozzle through opening 6 via valve seat 9 in atomized particles. When the nozzle head 2 stops spraying following release, the interior of the cylinder will assume a passive condition, the compression spring 10 automatically lifting the valve element 8 upwards, the piston 8b for the valve element 8 rising upward in the reduced diameter portion 1b, and functioning as a suction pump therein. Returning more specifically to Fig. 2, it is seen that via suction tube 11 the liquid in the vessel 5 is sucked upwards through the reduced diameter portion 1b to reach the cylinder 1 and the interior of plunger 3 and remains there for use in the next operation. The nozzle head 2 of the atomizer illustrated in Fig. 1 is screwed to lid 12 through threaded area 12a formed about the opening 5a of the vessel in relation to the cylinder 1. Surrounding the periphery of the plunger 3 is provided flange 12b meant to secure in tight-bound condition the liquids contained within. Plunger 3 is connected to the nozzle head 2 overhead by passing through an aperture 13 about which flange 12b forms a depending skirt, such an arrangement ensures the absolute leak-free condition of the liquid once established in the vessel container. Such a tight-bound means is provided on the flange 12b, as shown in Fig. 4, wherein the flange 12b, having a tapered rim thereon, which will secure a tight-bound engagement with the supplementary seal 3a, formed as an annular lip on plunger 3 when it is free of pressure, this will help secure a yet more reliable sealing effect and is an optional modification which shall by no means restrict the scope of the invention hereunder. The spraying nozzle 7, as illustrated in Fig. 5, and structured hereunder, is provided with a plurality of gently curved grooves 7a extending radially to even better enhance the atomization effects. The diversification through moment of torsion will be improved all the more advantageously when the liquids are ejected under high pressure, high speed conditions, since atomized outputs twirling in a curl are seen as tiny mist sprays. Again, the construction of the nozzle herein accounts but for one feature of the invention and by no means shall restrict the scope thereof. To summarize, the present invention makes possible the provision of a valve element having the characteristics of a regular pump and permitting convenient contact displacements up-and-down between the cylinder and plunger of an atomizer device having excellent atomization performance and defying imitation by like products by the provision of outstanding tight-sealing thereof to maintain advantageous compression efficiency such that the invention device will withstand shock and tilting that would prove detrimental to a regular atomizer structured otherwise. An atomizer structure embodying the invention will not shed liquid drops when driven to yield atomized sprays such as occurs with conventional atomizers utilizing steel ball components within, and has been proven to be economically advantageous for mass production.

Claims: A pump-type atomizer comprising a nozzle (7) in communication with one end of a first passage member, the first passage member comprising a valve seat (9), the other end of the first passage member communicating in a fluid-tight manner with one end (1a) of a second passage member (1) and being mounted for slidable movement relative thereto, a valve member (8) being mounted within the second passage member (1), the valve member (8) being contactable in a fluid-tight manner with the other end (1b) of the second passage member (1) or with the valve seat (9), and biassing means (10) for urging the valve member (8) away from the other end (1b) of the second passage member (1) and toward the valve seat (9), wherein the second passage member (1) comprises an upper portion (1a) and a lower portion (1b) with a maximum diameter less than the diameter of the upper portion (1a), characterized in that the lower portion (1b) has a tapered configuration such that its diameter decreases in a direction away from the upper portion (1a). An atomizer according to Claim 1 further comprising a fluid reservoir having an aperture (5a) in a wall thereof, with which aperture (5a) the first passage member is movable. An atomizer according to Claim 2 wherein the reservoir further comprises a depending flange (12b) surrounding the aperture (5a), which flange (12b) is cooperable in fluid-tight manner with an upstanding lip on the exterior of the first passage member. An atomizer according to Claim 3 wherein the depending flange (12b) has a tapered rim. An atomizer according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising: a) a movable nozzle head defining a spray nozzle (7); b) a substantially stationary cylinder element (1), the cylinder element (1) having an upper portion (1a) and lower portion (1b) with a maximum diameter less than the diameter of the upper portion (1a), the lower portion (1b) having a tapered configuration such that its diameter decreases in a direction away from the upper portion (1a); c) a plunger (3) attached to the movable nozzle head so as to move therewith, the plunger (3) defining a passage extending through the plunger and communicating with the spray nozzle (7), a valve seat (9) around the passage and a plunger piston (4) movable within the upper portion (1a) of the cylinder element (1); d) a valve element (8) located within the cylinder element defining a valve body (8a) and a piston; and e) biasing means (10) operatively associated with the valve element (8) to normally bias the valve body (8a) against the valve seat (9) to close the passage whereby movement of movable nozzle head (7) and plunger (3) causes movement of the valve element (8) such that the piston (4) sealingly contacts the lower portion of the cylinder element (1) and wherein further movement pressurizes a fluid which acts on the piston to displace the valve body (8a) away from the valve seat (9), thereby allowing the pressurized fluid to pass through the passageway and exit through the spray nozzle (7). An atomizer according to Claim 5, further comprising: an assembly comprising said plunger (3), cylinder element (1) and valve element (8) attached to a liquid reservoir by means of a threaded lid (12) defining an aperture (5a) through which said plunger (3) passes; a depending peripheral flange (12a) formed on the lid (12) adjacent to aperture (5a); and an annular lip (12b) located on the plunger (3) so as to operate with said depending peripheral flange (12a) in a tight-bound engagement to prevent leakage of liquid through said aperture (5a). An atomizer according to Claim 5, wherein the nozzle is provided with a plurality of curved, radially extending, atomization enhancing grooves (7a). An atomizer according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said peripheral flange (12a) has a tapered rim.

Inventors: SU CHENG-YUAN, SU, CHENG-YUAN
Applicants: SU CHENG YUAN, SU, CHENG-YUAN
Application year: 1991
Main classification: B05B11
IPC codes: B05B11