An electromagnetic induction heater

Abstract: In an electromagnetic induction heater for use in heating a strip by electromagnetic induction between a pair of magnetic-pole elements, a plurality of guide rollers are arranged between the magnetic-pole elements to guide the strip. The strip may be guided on the guide rollers in a staggered manner. Each guide roller may comprise a roll element of a ferromagnetic material. Each end surface of the magnetic-pole elements may be concave so that each end surface surrounds each guide roller with a gap left therebetween.

Description: This invention relates to an electromagnetic induction heater for use in heating a continuous thin sheet due to electromagnetic induction. An electromagnetic induction heater of the type described is operable to heat by the use of electromagnetic induction a thin sheet, such as a strip, which is very thin as compared with its breadth. This electromagnetic induction heater is usually equipped with electromagnets disposed with a space left therebetween so as to induce eddy currents on the strip which is transported between the space in a predetermined direction. In order to induce eddy currents on the strip, the electromagnets are energized by an alternating current. In the electromagnetic induction heater, it is desirable that the strip is uniformly heated while the strip is transferred within the space interposed between the electromagnets. In addition, it is also preferable that, even if the strip is varied in breadth, uniform heating of the strip can be achieved. To accomplish the above-described uniform heating, such a conventional heater is disclosed in US-A-4,678,883. In the conventional heater mentioned above, each of the electromagnets is constituted by a plurality of magnetic pole-segments separately disposed in a direction transverse to the predetermined direction and common coils which wind the magnetic pole-segments. Such a heater may be called a transverse magnetic flux type of an electromagnetic induction heater. The magnetic pole-segments can be individually moved towards the strip. In addition, a shielding plate of a nonmagnetic material is disposed at each end portion of each magnetic pole-segment which is near the strip. Such a shielding plate serves to abruptly weaken a magnetic field which is generated at both breadthwise ends of the strip and which may be referred to as a fringing field. Herein, let the strip of a ferromagnetic material be heated by the use of the conventional heater. In this event, the strip is likely to be undesirably or unevenly attracted to both the magnetic-pole segments opposed to one another. Moreover, consideration should be made about the fact that the strip of the ferromagnetic material has a Curie point and drastically changes its characteristics at the Curie point. Therefore, such a strip of a ferromagnetic material must be uniformly and accurately heated rather than the other strip. At any rate, the conventional heater is not suitable for heating a strip of a ferromagnetic material because the strip is unevenly heated by the conventional heater. Such uneven heating brings about occurrence of a warp or undulation on the strip. In addition, when the strip is brought into contact with the magnetic-pole segments, the strip is undesirably broken off, which results in a reduction of a yield of the strip. In order to prevent the strip from being broken off, attempts will have been made to widen a space interval of the magnetic-pole segments. However, these attempts are disadvantageous in that heat efficiency is degraded because a lot of magnetic-pole segments should be arranged over a range wider than the width of the strip. US-A-3 008 026 discloses an induction heater for heating metal strips with guiding rollers acting as poles, i.e. the magnetic poles contact the metal strip. It is an object of this invention to provide an electromagnetic induction heater, wherein it is possible to avoid occurrence of a warp or undulation on a surface of a strip, regardless of a material of the strip. It is another object of this invention to provide an electromagnetic induction heater which is suitable for heating a strip of a ferromagnetic material. The object is solved with the features of claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. An electromagnetic induction heater to which this invention is applicable is for use in heating a strip which is transferred in a predetermined direction. According to this invention, the electromagnetic induction heater essentially comprises a pair of magnetic-pole elements arranged in face-to-face relation to each other with a space left between the pair of magnetic-pole elements to heat the strip during the transfer of the strip due to electromagnetic induction and at least one of guide rollers that is located within a space left between the pair of magnetic-pole elements for guiding the strip transferred in the predetermined direction. Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an electromagnetic induction heater according to a first embodiment of this invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the electromagnetic induction heater illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a guide roller used in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an electromagnetic induction heater according to a second embodiment of this invention. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, an electromagnetic induction heater of a transverse magnetic flux type according to a first embodiment of this invention is for use in electromagnetically heating a strip 1 which has a long length, a width, and a thin thickness and which is transported lengthwise. As a result, the illustrated strip 1 is moved in a predetermined direction directed downwards of Fig. 2. The electromagnetic induction heater comprises a pair of magnetic-pole frames 21 and 31 which are opposed to each other and disposed with a gap space left therebetween. Thus, the magnetic-pole frames 21 and 31 are in a face-to-face arrangement with each other. Each of the magnetic-pole frames 21 and 31 is composed of stacking a plurality of magnetic pole-segments 21m and 31m, as shown in Fig. 1 where m represents a natural number. The magnetic pole-segments 21m and 31m are arranged widthwise of the strip 1. In the illustrated magnetic pole-segments 21m and 31m, specific-pole segments depicted at 21p and 31p are included to adjust fringing fields on widthwise ends of the strip 1 and projected towards the strip 1 relative to the remaining magnetic pole-segments. In Fig. 2, each of the magnetic-pole frames 21 and 31 is divisible into a plurality of partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d which are partitioned by recessed portions along the predetermined direction. Each of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d is directed towards the gap space and in a face-to-face arrangement with each of the partial magnetic poles 31a to 31d. Each of coil parts 22a to 22d is wound around each of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d. In the illustrated example, first through fourth guide rollers 4a to 4d are arranged within the gap space between the partial magnetic poles, such as 21a and 31a, 21b and 31b, 21c and 31c, and 21d and 31d, and have the same diameter d. In Fig. 2, the guide roller 4a is located in the gap space with a first gap L1 spaced from the magnetic-pole frame 21 and with a second gap L2 spaced from the magnetic-pole frame 31. On the other hand, the guide roller 4b is spaced by the second gap L2 from the magnetic-pole frame 21 and by the first gap L1 from the magnetic-pole frame 31. Thus, the first and the second gaps L1 and L2 are changed from one to another at each guide roller, as will readily be understood from Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 2, the strip 1 abuts on a lefthand side of the guide roller 4a and thereafter abuts on a righthand side of the guide roller 4b. Thereafter, the strip 1 alternatingly and successively abuts on a lefthand side and a righthand side of the guide rollers 4c and 4d. At any rate, the strip 1 is brought into contact with the respective guide rollers 4a to 4d in a staggered manner and is driven downwards of Fig. 2. With this structure, it is possible to uniformly heat both surfaces of the strip 1 in a manner to be described later. Referring to Fig. 3, the respective guide rollers 4a to 4d comprises a roll element 41 formed by a plurality of ferromagnetic layers, such as silicon steel, a hollow axis 42 which passes through a center portion of the roll element 41 and which is formed by a non-magnetic material, such as stainless steel, and a heat-proof coating layer 43 which is formed by a material, such as Teflon, and which is coated around the roll element 41. A width of the roll element 41 is greater than that of the strip 1. The hollow axis 42 defines a passage which serves to pass through a refrigerant on demand. The guide rollers 4a to 4d may be operable as idle rollers. Alternatively, the guide rollers 4a to 4d may comprise a rolling mechanism (not shown) which may be rotated at a rotation speed adjusted to transfer speed of the strip 1. Now, an operation of this embodiment will be explained in detail. The strip 1 is guided by the guide rollers 4a to 4d and abutts on alternate sides of respective guide rollers 4a to 4d, as mentioned before. Thus, abutting parts are formed on the respective guide rollers 4a to 4d. Each abutting part of the guide rollers 4a to 4d is effective to prevent the strip 1 from being undulated in the width direction of the strip 1 because each abutting part is present on alternate sides of the guide rollers 4a to 4d. The strip 1 is continuously fed or transferred in a direction depicted at the arrows A, that is, lengthwise of the strip 1. During the transfer of the strip 1, the strip 1 is heated by eddy currents induced in the strip 1 by the electromagnetic induction. Referring to Fig. 1 through 3, a distance between the partial magnetic poles, such as 21a and 31a; 21b and 31b, is depicted at D. Each guide roller 4a to 4d includes the roller element 41 of the ferromagnetic material, as mentioned before. Accordingly, a magnetic circuit is formed between each guide roller 4a to 4d and each of the magnetic-pole frames 21 and 31 and it may be considered that the guide rollers 4a to 4d act as yokes. In this case, the distance D between the partial magnetic poles, such as 21a and 31a; 21b and 31b, may be magnetically equivalently represented by (L1+L2). Herein, the first gap L1 specified by a distance between each of the abutting parts of the guide rollers 4a to 4d and each partial magnetic pole 21a, 31b, 22c, and 32d while the second gap L2 is specified by a distance between each of the guide rollers 4a to 4d and the partial magnetic poles 31a, 21b, 32c, and 21d. Accordingly, it is possible to make the first and the second gaps L1 and L2 short because the guide rollers 4a to 4d are never brought into contact with the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d. This shows that the first and the second gaps L1 and L2 can be shortened in comparison with the D. As a result, high heat efficiency can be achieved as compared with the conventional heater. Thus, the strip 1 is continuously and uniformly heated during the transfer of the strip l, irrespective of a material of the strip 1. Moreover, the strip 1 can uniformly be heated even when a temperature of the strip 1 exceeds the Curie point. Referring to Fig. 4, description will be made about an electromagnetic induction heater according to a second embodiment of this invention. The illustrated electromagnetic induction heater is similar in structure and operation to that illustrated in Figs. 1 through 3 except that end surfaces of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d are directed to the strip 1. More specifically, each of the illustrated partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d or 31a to 31d has the end face which is concave and has a predetermined curvature greater than that of the guide rollers 4a to 4d. However, each partial magnetic pole 21a to 21d or 31a to 31d may have a curvature which is substantially equal to that of the guide rollers. Thus, the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d are effective to augment an effective field by controlling a fringing field of the edges of the strip 1, namely, a circumference of the strip 1. In order to further augment the effective field, each of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d comprises projection parts 21p and 31p (Fig. 1) which are effective to strengthen the magnetic field of the circumference of the strip 1. As a result, the strip 1 is efficiently heated all over the width of the strip at every position of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d or 31a to 31d. In addition, it is possible to heat the strip 1 even when the strip 1 is formed by a ferromagnetic material. This is because the strip 1 is never touched to the partial magnetic poles regardless of the material. Moreover, it is possible to favorably heat the strip 1 uniformly regardless of the Curie point. While this invention has thus far been described in conjunction with a preferred embodiment thereof, it will readily be possible for those skilled in the art to put this invention into practice in various other manners. For example, as the guide rollers 4a to 4d and the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d are never touched together, all or a part of the guide rollers 4a to 4d and projecting partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d may be movable by a driving device so as to adjust positions thereof in the width direction of the strip. Moreover, all of the guide rollers 4a to 4d may not always be arranged in the staggered manner as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4, but arranged in different manners. This shows that the invention is not restricted to the staggered arrangement. In addition, this invention may not be restricted to the above-mentioned magnetic pole frames 21 and 31 formed by stacking many magnetic pole-segments. Specifically, each of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d may be individually separated from one another. A plurality of the partial magnetic poles 21a to 21d; 31a to 31d may be accommodated in a housing and be driven by the only one driving source. As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, the present invention is very effective so as to prevent a strip of a ferromagnetic material from being broken off when applied to a transverse magnetic flux type of an electromagnetic induction heater.

Claims: An electromagnetic induction heater for use in heating a strip (1) which is transferred in a predetermined direction, said electromagnetic induction heater comprising: a pair of magnetic-pole elements (21,31) arranged in face-to-face relation to each other with a space left between said pair of the magnetic pole elements to heat said strip during the transfer of said strip through said pair due to electromagnetic induction, said strip (1) entering said space in said predetermined direction transverse to said pair, and said strip exiting said space in said predetermined direction transverse to said pair, said strip being transferred without touching an element of said pair, characterized by: at least one guide roller (4a to 4d) that is located within said space for guiding said strip (1) transferred in said predetermined direction through said pair. A heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said guide rollers (4a to 4d) is formed by a ferromagnetic material. A heater as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further including means for moving at least one of said magnetic-pole elements of said pair and said at least one of the guide rollers to change a space gap (L1, L2) between said at least one of said magnetic-pole element pair (21,31) and said at least one of the guide rollers (4a to 4d) from one another. A heater as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein each of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which is substantially identical in section with a roll face of said one of said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which faces at least one roll face of said guide roller and which is concave with a predetermined curvature substantially greater than a predetermined curvature of said roll face. A heater as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which faces at least one roll face of said guide roller and which is concave with a predetermined curvature substantially equal to a predetermined curvature of a roll face of said guide roller. An electromagnetic induction heater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: first and second pole frames (21,31) which are arranged with a space left therebetween along said predetermined direction and which are divided along said predetermined direction into a plurality of magnetic-pole element sets, each set comprising said pair of magnetic-pole elements ; wherein a plurality of guide rollers (4a to 4d) are arranged in said predetermined direction so as to be interposed between the magnetic-pole sets within said space with a first gap and a second gap left between said first and said second pole frames, said strip being guided by said plurality of guide rollers so that said strip is brought into alternating staggered contact with said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in claim 7 for heating a ferromagnetic strip, wherein each of said guide rollers comprises a roll element formed by a ferromagnetic material. A heater as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein said first gap and said second gap are controllable by moving said first and said second pole frames relative to said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in claim 7, 8 or 9, further including means for moving at least one of said magnetic-pole elements of said pair and at least one guide roller, wherein said first gap and said second gap are controllable by said moving means by moving said first and said second pole frames relative to said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein each of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which is substantially identical in section with a roll face of said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein at least one of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which faces at least one roll face of said guide roller and which is concave with a predetermined curvature substantially greater than a predetermined curvature of a roll face of said guide rollers. A heater as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein at least one of said magnetic-pole elements has an end surface which faces at least one roll face of said guide roller and which is concave with a predetermined curvature substantially equal to a predetermined curvature of a roll face of said guide rollers.

Inventors: INOKUMA MASATOMI, MAEDA MORIO, SAKEMI TOSHIYUKI, INOKUMA, MASATOMI, MAEDA, MORIO, SAKEMI, TOSHIYUKI
Applicants: SUMITOMO HEAVY INDUSTRIES, SUMITOMO HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD
Application year: 1991
Main classification: H05B6
IPC codes: H05B6