Vacuum cleaner with fuzzy control

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner with fuzzy control comprises a detector (1) for detecting condition of sucking of dust, such as an amount of dust, a kind of dust, a kind of a surface of a floor to be cleaned and a fuzzy inference section (5) responsive to the condition of sucking of dust for determining a sucking force to control a sucking force through fuzzy inference.

Description: This invention relates to a vacuum cleaner according to the preamble of claim 1 whose sucking force is controlled. A vacuum cleaner is known, whose sucking force is set to about four degrees in accordance with a detected amount of dust. There is another type of a vacuum cleaner whose sucking force is set to some degrees in accordance with a floor surface condition, such as a kind, for example, a woody floor, or straw matting, and length of piles of a carpet. However, it distinguishes a floor surface into only about three degrees. In the above-mentioned prior art there is a problem as follows: The amount of dust on the floor and the condition of the floor cannot be distinguished into three or four degrees but it changes continuously. Thus, the sucking force should be set to a lot of degrees. However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the sucking force cannot be set optimally in accordance with the amount of dust and the condition of the floor. A generic vacuum cleaner is known from the EP-A-0 312 111. The cleaner comprises a detection means for detecting dust and for producing a suction condition signal. In response to this suction condition signal a sucking force control signal is produced by which the sucking force of a fan motor is controlled. This vaccum cleaner is, however, possibly not able to optimally set the sucking force, so that sucking operation cannot be carried out satisfactorily. Furthermore a vacuum cleaner is known from the EP-A-397 205, which is taken into consideration only under Article 54 (3) EPC. This vacuum cleaner determines its sucking force only on the basis of a counted number of dust particles. It is the object of the present invention to further develop a vacuum cleaner according to the preamble of claim 1 such that the sucking force is optimally settable. This object is achieved by the features indicated in the characterizing portion of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are set out in the dependent claims. According to the invention a dust amount, a dust amount change rate and a kind of dust are established in a sucking force control signal means comprising a fuzzy inference section from the dust detected by a detection means, and computed in accordance with a predetermined fuzzy inference rule. The features of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of the invention of the vacuum cleaner with fuzzy control; Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a fuzzy inference section of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows curves of change in the dust accumulation amount; Fig. 4 shows waveforms of the dust detection signal; Fig. 5 shows a flow chart for obtaining change rate of the dust amount; Figs. 6 and 7 are tables showing rules of the sucking force; Figs. 8 and 9 are tables showing rules of the rotational speed of a motor of floor nozzle; Figs. 10-14 show membership functions used in this embodiment; Fig. 15 is a flow chart of the embodiment; Fig. 16 is a plan view of an indicator provided to a handle portion of the cleaner; Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the handle portion; Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 19 is a block diagram of a modified embodiment of the invention of the vacuum cleaner. The same or corresponding elements or parts are designated as like references throughout the drawings. Hereinbelow will be described an embodiment of the invention with reference to drawings. Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the vacuum cleaner. A floor nozzle 8 comprises a beater brush 14 for picking up dust particles laying between piles of a carpet, which is rotated by a floor nozzle motor 19 included therein. The floor nozzle 8 is connected to a body 10 of the vacuum cleaner through an extension pipe 15, a handle portion 16, and hose 17. The body 10 comprises a fan motor 7, a filter bag (not shown). Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a handle portion 16 where a portion of the handle portion 16 is cut to show an inside view thereof. Dust particles passing through a passage of the handle portion 16, which are detected by the dust sensor 1. Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the embodiment of the invention of a vacuum cleaner with fuzzy control. In Fig. 1, a dust sensor 1 is provided to the handle portion 16 comprising a light emitting portion 11 and a light sensitive portion 12 which are so provided that each sucked dust particle crosses a light path made therebetween. A dust signal from the dust sensor 1 is sent to a dust amount detection section 2, a dust amount change rate calculating section 3, and to a dust kind detection section 4. The dust amount detection section 2 detects an amount of dust by counting dust particles sucked for a given interval. The dust amount change rate calculating section 3 calculates a rate of change of the amount of dust for a predetermined interval. The dust kind detection section 4 detects a kind of the dust sucked, by measuring an interval needed for a dust particle passing thorough the light path of the dust sensor 1. Outputs of the dust amount detection section 2, the dust amount change rate calculating section 3, and a dust kind detection section 4 are sent to a fuzzy inference section 5. The fuzzy inference section 5 determines a sucking force of the fan motor 7 and a rotational speed of the motor 19 provided in the floor nozzle 8 in accordance with outputs of the dust amount detection section 2, the dust amount change rate calculation section 3, and dust kind detection section 4 through fuzzy inference. The fuzzy inference section 5 produces a fan motor control signal and a floor nozzle control signal in accordance with the inference. A power control section 6 drives the fan motor 7 and the floor nozzle 8 in accordance with the fan motor control signal and the floor nozzle control signal. Structure of the above-mentioned fuzzy inference section 5 will be described more in detail. Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the fuzzy inference section 5. An antecedent part membership function storing section 20 stores membership functions of the amount of dust, a rate of change of the amount of dust, and a kind of dust. It sends the membership function of the amount of dust to the dust amount grade operation section 21, the membership function of the change rate of dust to a dust amount change rate grade operation section 22, and the membership function of the dust kind to a dust kind grade operation section 23. A dust amount signal from the dust amount detection section 2 is sent to the dust amount grade operation section 21 for providing a grade of the amount of dust by applying the dust amount value to the membership function of the dust amount. The dust amount change rate signal from the dust amount change rate calculating section 3 is sent to the dust amount change rate grade operation section 22 for providing a grade of the dust amount change rate by applying the dust amount change rate to the membership function of the dust change rate. The dust kind signal from the dust kind detection section 4 is sent to the dust kind grade operation section 23 for providing a grade of the dust kind by applying the dust kind signal to the membership function of the dust kind. A dust amount grade signal from the dust amount grade operation section 21, a dust amount change rate grade signal from the dust amount change rate grade section 22, and a dust kind grade signal from the dust kind grade operation section 23 are sent to an antecedent part MIN (minimum) operation section 24. A sucking force inference rule storing section 28 stores at least one inference rule of the sucking force, which is read out, sent to, and used in the antecedent part MIN operation section 24 and the consequent part MIN operation section 25. The antecedent part MIN operation section 24 provides a result of the antecedent part of the fuzzy inference section 5 by MIN operation among the dust amount grade signal, the dust change rate grade signal, and the dust kind grade signal in accordance with each rule read from the sucking force inference rule storing section. Therefore, the number of the antecedent part results corresponds to that of the rules stored in the sucking force inference rule storing section 28. A sucking force membership function storing section 26 stores a membership function of the sucking force which is read out, sent to, and used in the consequent part MIN operation section 25. The consequent part minimum operation section 25 provides a result of the consequent part by MIN operation among each result of the antecedent part and the sucking force membership function in accordance with the inference rule stored in the sucking force inference rule storing section 28. Each result of the consequent part is sent to a center of gravity operation section 27 for defuzzification, i.e., finally determining the sucking force by calculating a center of gravity after MAX (maximum) operation among all results obtained with respect to all rules in read from the sucking force inference rule storing section 28. The fuzzy inference section 5 can be realized readily by a microprocessor. Membership functions and inference rules stored in the antecedent membership function storing sections 20, the sucking force inference rules storing section 28, the sucking force membership function storing section 26 are optimally set in advance by leaning rules of the method of steepest descent (one of leaning rules used in a neural network) and the like from data of the sucking force of the fan motor 7 and data of the rotational speed of the floor nozzle 8 in view of the amount of dust and the rate of change in dust amount, the kind of dust, and feeling of operation during cleaning. Similarly, the floor nozzle sucking force signal is determined. A floor nozzle rotational speed membership function storing section 29 stores a membership function of the floor nozzle rotational speed used in the consequent part minimum operation section 25. The consequent part minimum operation section 25 provides a result of the consequent part of a rule by minimum-operation among the result of the antecedent part and the floor nozzle rotational speed membership function in accordance with the inference rule stored in the floor nozzle inference rule storing section 30. Then, the consequent part minimum operation section performs MAX operation among the results of all rules to obtain a result of the consequent part. The result of the consequent part is sent to a center of gravity operation section 27 for finally determining the floor nozzle rotational speed by calculating a center of gravity. Membership functions of the floor nozzle rotational speed inference rule storing section 30, and floor nozzle rotational membership function storing section 29 are optimally set in advance by leaning rules of the method of steepest descent (one of leaning rules used in a neural network) and the like, similarly. The power control section 6 controls the fan motor 7 and the floor nozzle 8 whose phase control amount is calculated in accordance with the determined sucking force and rotational speed to the floor nozzle. Hereinbelow will be described operation of the above-mentioned vacuum cleaner. Light emitted from the light emitting portion 11 of the dust sensor 1 is received by the light sensitive portion 12 when there is no dust. When a dust particle passes therethrough, the light from the light emitting portion 11 is intercepted by the dust particle. Therefore, the output of the light sensitive portion 12 provides information of existence of dust. The dust amount detection section 2 accumulates a count of dust particle detected by the dust sensor 1 for a given interval (for example, 0.1 seconds). Accumulating of the dust particle provides the amount of dust on the floor at the present instance. This technique is disclosed in an European patent application No. EP 0 397 205 A1 (Figs. 4-8). Fig. 16 is a plan view of an indicator 13 provided to the handle portion 16 as shown in Fig 17. It comprises four LED (light emitting diode) lamps G, R1, R2, and R3. The LED lamps R1, R2, and R3 turn on in the order mentioned sequentially as the accumulating value of an amount of dust increase. If there is substantially no dust, the LED G is turned on to indicate an operator that there is no dust and gives attention to the operator to move to another place. Fig. 3 shows change in the dust amount accumulating values for a given interval during continuously cleaning at a given place. In Fig. 3, curves 51-53 of the dust amount accumulating values show rapid decrease from beginning of cleaning to an instance T1. This means that the dust on the floor surface has been sucked almost at the instance T1. After the instance T1, tendency of change in the amount of dust is largely divided into three types as shown in Fig. 3. In the case of the curve 53, an accumulation value of the dust is almost zero after the instance T1. This means that the dust has been sucked till the instant T1 and the floor surface to be cleaned is considered as a wood floor, a cushion floor, or straw matting. In the case that a floor surface is of a carpet, there is a difficulty in sucking dust perfectly because dust particles are lie between piles and the amount of dust is larger than that of the wood floor and straw matting. In such case, the change of accumulating value of the dust decreases gradually as shown by the curves 51 and 52. The rate of change in the amount of dust is calculated by the dust amount change rate calculating section 3. The rate of change in the amount of dust provides information as to which kind of characteristic the floor surface under cleaning belongs to. If a rate of change in the amount of dust is small, this means the floor surface showing a difficulty in cleaning dust. If a rate of change in the amount of dust is large, this means the floor surface showing easiness in cleaning dust. The change rate in amount of dust is obtained by a processing in accordance with a flow chart of Fig. 5. In Fig. 5, the dust amount change rate DCR is obtained by subtraction of an amount of dust at instance n-1 from that at an instance n in step 101. In the following step the value n is increased by one. This processing is carried at every detection of the dust amount value, i.e. at every predetermined interval for accumulating dust count. The dust amount value is obtained through the technique disclosed in the European patent application No. EP 0 397 205 A1 (Fig. 8). Fig. 4 shows waveforms of the dust detection signal. An waveform 54 shows a waveform of dust which is a piece of cotton, an waveform 55, an waveform of dust which is a sand grain. The dust kind detection section 4 detects a kind of dust by distinguishing whether the dust is a large and light dust particle such as a cotton dust or is a small and heavy dust particle such as a sand grain by detecting a pulse width P1 or P2. The optimum sucking force is determined by the amount of dust, the kind of dust, and a characteristic of the floor to be cleaned. It is inferred by the fuzzy inference section 5 from outputs of the dust amount detection section 2, the dust amount change rate calculating section 3 and the dust kind detection section 4. Such pulse width detection of a dust particle passing through the light path of the dust sensor 1 is disclosed in the European patent application No. EP 0 397 205 A1 (Figs. 9 and 10). Hereinbelow will be described processing of the inference of the sucking force. Figs. 6-9 are table showing rules of fuzzy inference of this embodiment. The table of Fig. 6 shows rules of the sucking force when sucked dust particles are a light and large dust particle. The table of Fig. 7 shows rules of the sucking force when sucked dust particles are a heavy and small dust particle. The rule is such that the sucking force is set to an extremely large value when an amount of dust is large, when the dust is a small size particle such as a sand particle, and the floor shows a tendency that it is difficult of clean the dust thereon (dust amount change rate is small) as shown in Fig. 7. That is, one of rules is given by: IF the amount of dust = large, the dust amount change rate = small, and pulse width of a dust particle = small, THEN the sucking force = extreme large. A table shown in Fig. 8 shows rules of the rotational speed of a motor 19 of the floor nozzle 8 when sucked dust particles are light and large in size. The table of Fig. 9 shows rules of the sucking force when sucked dust particles are heavy and small in size. The rule is such that the rotational speed is set to an extremely large value when an amount of dust is large, when the dust has a small size particle such as a sand particle, and the floor shows a tendency that it is difficult of clean the dust thereon (dust amount change rate is small) as shown Fig. 9. That is, it is given by: IF the amount of dust = large, the dust amount change rate = small, and pulse width of a dust particle = small, THEN the rotational speed = extreme large. Qualitative degrees such as the amount of dust is large, the change rate in the amount of dust is small, and the sucking force is set to "extremely large" are represented quantitatively by membership functions shown in Figs. 10-11. The dust amount grade operation section 21 obtains a dust amount grade by MAX (maximum) operation between the output of the dust amount detection section 2 and a membership function of the amount of dust stored in the membership function storing section 20. The dust amount change rate grade operation section 22 obtains a dust change rate grade similarly, by MAX operation between the output of the dust amount change rate calculation section 3 and a membership function of the dust amount change rate stored in the antecedent membership function storing section 20. The dust kind grade operation section 23 obtains a dust kind grade similarly, by MAX operation between the output of the dust kind detection section 4 and a membership function of dust kind stored in the antecedent membership function storing section 20. In the antecedent part minimum operation section 24 obtains a result of each rule in the antecedent part by MIN (minimum) operation among three grades, namely, the dust amount grade, the dust amount change rate grade, and dust kind grade. The conquest part minimum operation section 25 obtains a result of each rule by MIN operation between the result of the antecedent part and the membership function of the sucking force of the conquest part stored in the sucking force membership function storing section 26. The conquest part minimum operation section 25 obtains a result of the conquest part by MAX operation among result of all rules. The result of the consequent part is sent to the center of gravity operation section 27 which obtains finally the magnitude of the sucking force by MAX operating among all results and then calculating the center of gravity of all results. The power control section 6 controls by calculating the phase control amount of the fan motor 7. Determination of the rotational speed of the motor 14 of the floor nozzle 8 is obtained by the result of the antecedent part as similar to the above-mentioned processing of the determination of the sucking force. Then, the rotational speed of the motor 14 of the floor nozzle 8 is determined by the rule read from the floor nozzle rotational speed inference rule storing section 30 and the floor nozzle rotational speed membership function storing section 29. More specifically, operation of this embodiment will be described. The above mentioned functions are performed sequentially by a microprocessor (not shown) in accordance with a flow chart shown in Fig. 15, actually. Processing of the antecedent part is as follows: Processing start in step 101. In step 101, the microprocessor obtains dust accumulation amount by counting dust particles for a given interval. In the following step 102, the microprocessor obtains a rate of change of the amount of dust through processing shown in Fig.5. In the following step 103, the microprocessor detects a pulse width of a dust particle. The microprocessor reads out one of rules in the following step 104. In the succeeding step 105, the microprocessor reads out a membership function of the amount of dust, which is described in an antecedent part of the read out rule. The microprocessor determines a grade of the amount of dust in accordance with dust accumulation amount and the membership of the amount of dust in the following step 106. In the succeeding step 107, the microprocessor reads out membership function of a rate of change of the amount of dust. Then, the microprocessor determines a grade of dust amount change rate in step 108. In the succeeding step 109, the microprocessor reads out a membership function of a kind of dust. In step 110, the microprocessor determines a grade of a kind of dust from the pulse width obtained in step 103. In step 111, the microprocessor obtains the result of the antecedent part by MIN operation among these three grades, i.e., choosing the smallest value among them. Processing of the conquest part is as follows: In the following step 112, the microprocessor reads out the membership function of the sucking force described in the consequent part of the read out rule. In the succeeding step 113, the microprocessor determines a grade by detecting matching degree with the membership function. In the following step 114, a decision is made as to whether all rules have been processed. If NO, processing returns to step 104 and this process is carried out until the answer turns to YES, i.e., all results of all results have been obtained. If the answer is YES, processing proceeds to step 115, In step 115, the microprocessor determines a center of gravity among results of all rules after MAX operation among all consequent results. That is, the microprocessor performs a defuzzyfication. In the following step 116, the microprocessor determines the phase control amount in accordance with the determined center of gravity. Fig. 19 shows a modified embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 19, a floor surface kind detector 63 comprises a light emitting portion 61 emitting a light toward a light sensitive portion 62, and a comparator 63 for comparing an output of the light sensitive portion 62 with a reference signal. An output of the floor surface kind detector 64 is used for controlling the sucking force and the rotational speed of the motor in the sucking nozzle 8. Such technique is disclosed in Japanese Patent application provisional publication No. 64-8942. In this embodiment, MAX-MIN composition method and the center of gravity method are used. However, other methods can be used. The sucking force in the consequent part is represented by a membership. However, a real number value or a linear equation can be used. As mentioned above, the vacuum cleaner with fuzzy control of this invention provides high efficiency during cleaning because the sucking force is controlled in accordance with the amount of dust, the change rate of amount of dust, or the kind of dust through fuzzy inference. Therefore, this feature provides an excellent operational feeling because the floor nozzle does not stick to the floor due to the optimally controlled sucking force. Moreover, if the number of input information and the number of output control increase, it is difficult to control the output, i.e., the sucking force or the rotational speed of the motor of the beater brush, with relations between these input information and relations between output controls maintained. Control of this invention is optimally provided with Fuzzy inference.

Claims: A vacuum cleaner comprising a fan motor (7) for producing a sucking force, detection means (1, 11, 12) for detecting dust to be sucked from a surface to be cleaned and for generating a dust signal, sucking force control signal means (2, 3, 4, 5) responsive to said dust signal for generating a sucking force control signal and power control means (6) responsive to said sucking force control signal for controlling said sucking force, characterized in that said sucking force control signal means (2, 3, 4) comprises a dust amount detection section (2) for detecting an amount of the sucked dust by counting dust particles per time, a dust amount change rate calculation section (3) for calculating a rate of change of the amount of dust per time and a dust kind detection section (4) for detecting the kind of the sucked dust by measuring the time needed for a dust particle to pass said detection means (1, 11, 12), wherein the outputs of said sections (2, 3, 4) are sent to a fuzzy inference section (5) to generate, in accordance with a predetermined fuzzy inference rule, said sucking force control signal. A vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, characterized in that said detection means (1, 11, 12) comprise a dust sensor (1) which detects separate dust particles. A vacuum cleaner according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said detection means (1, 11, 12) comprise a light emitting portion (11) and a light sensitive portion (12), wherein said dust passes through the light path. A vacuum cleaner according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by an indicating means (13) which indicates said amount of dust. A vacuum cleaner according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a surface kind detector (64) is provided to a sucking nozzle (8) and detects a kind of said surface to be cleaned for generating a surface kind signal, which is sent to said fuzzy inference section (5) to generate said sucking force control signal. A vacuum cleaner according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that drivable floor contacting brush means (14) are provided to a sucking nozzle (8) of said vacuum cleaner for picking up said dust from said surface and are driven by a drive motor (19), which is controlled by said power control means (6).

Inventors: ABE SHUJI, HARA YUMIKO, KONDOH SHINJI, TERAI HARUO, YAMAGUCHI SEIJI, ABE, SHUJI, HARA, YUMIKO, KONDOH, SHINJI, TERAI, HARUO, YAMAGUCHI, SEIJI
Applicants: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD, MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: A47L9
IPC codes: A47L9