CLOACA CUTTER

Abstract: Device for cutting out the vent of a slaughtered bird, comprising an elongated centring pin (2), a rotatable cutting element (18) with an axially directed cutting edge, and an axially movable positioning element (10). In an end position of the positioning element (10) relative to a thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2) between these two elements an annular space is formed for the accommodation of the orbicular muscle (8) of the vent, while in this end position between the positioning element (10) and the thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2) an annular gap (16) remains open with a width which is smaller than the thickness of the orbicular muscle (8).

Description: The invention relates to a device for cutting out the vent of a slaughtered bird, comprising an elongated centring pin which is provided with a thickened end portion which can be inserted into the vent; a rotatable cutting element with an axially directed cutting edge, the axis of rotation running parallel to the axis of the centring pin, and the cutting edge being directed to and being movable towards the thickened end portion of the centring pin; and an axially movable retaining element of which the surface facing the thickened end portion of the centring pin is intended for interacting with the thickened end portion of the centring pin to retain the vent. Such a device is known from US Patent Specification 2 943 346. This specification describes a retaining element essentially comprising a hollow tube in which the centring pin is fitted in such a way that the thickened end portion of this pin, a cone, projects from the tube. Further, a partial vacuum is created in the tube by extracting air from it. When the cone is inserted far enough into the vent of a slaughtered bird, the skin around the vent comes into contact with one end of the tube. Due to the partial vacuum in the tube the skin is drawn against the end of the tube in the process. In this way the vent is retained, and an incision can be made around the vent by means of the cutting element, which is moved in the direction of the thickened end portion of the centring pin. The cutting edge of the cutting element in this case moves away from the end of the tube, and the resulting radially directed forces on the orbicular muscle produce the risk of the orbicular muscle being pulled away from the retaining element. This is extremely undesirable, since in this case faeces come away from the intestine of the bird and can contamitane the meat. If an attempt is made to overcome this problem by a stronger partial vacuum, there is a risk of the cut-out vent as a result being drawn into the tube and tearing the intestinal wall, again with the undesirable consequence of the contents of the intestine being released in an uncontrolled manner. The object of the device according to the invention is to ensure good positioning of the vent between the end of the retaining element facing the thickened end portion of the centring pin and the thickened end portion of the centring pin without the risk of uncrontrolled release of faeces or uncontrolled damage to the intestinal wall, and thereto the device is characterized in that in an end position of the retaining element relative to the thickened end portion of the centring pin between these two elements a semi-closed annular space is formed for the confinement of the orbicular muscle of the vent, while in this end position between the retaining element and the thickened end portion of the centring pin an annylar gap remains open with a width which is smaller than the thickness of the orbicular muscle. In the advantageous embodiment of the device the axial length of the annular space is greater than the thickness of the orbicular muscle. An annular space with such an axial length, which length is measured from the annular gap between the retaining element and the thickened end portion of the centring pin, provides an axially loose accomodation of the orbicular muscle and thus diminishes stress in the bird's skin around the orbicular muscle in the process of moving the retaining element in the direction of the thickened end portion of the centring pin. It has been found advantageous to choose the axial length of the annular space at least about 0.007 m. The optimum width of the annular gap, as well as the axial length of the annular space, depend on the species of birds to be processed. For chickens, the width of the annular gap may lie in the interval of about 0.0002 - 0.0005 m, while for turkeys the width of the annular gap may lie in the interval of about 0.0004 - 0.0007 m. The invention is explained with reference to the appended drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-section of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the thickened end portion of the centring pin is inserted into the cloaca of a bird; Fig. 2 shows the positioning of the vent on the thickened end portion of the centring pin with the aid of a retaining element, in a partial cross-section according to Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 shows a partial cross-section of another embodiment of the device according to the invention in the position of Fig. 2, the cloaca not being shown. Fig. 1 shows a centring pin 2 which is provided with a thickened end portion in the form of a cone 4. The cone is inserted into the vent of a slaughtered bird, of which bird only the end of the intestine 6 is shown schematically. The bird is suspended by both legs from a hook and is positioned by means of devices, not shown in any further detail, in a slaughter line relative to the device of which centring pin 2 forms part. Other drive and positioning means which, although they belong to a device according to the invention, are not essential for a description thereof are not shown either. The largest diameter of the cone 4 is such that during the insertion thereof into the anus the orbicular muscle 8 stretches, following which it closes again partially around the top part of the cone 4. Fitted in a sliding manner on the centring pin 2 is a retaining element 10 which is movable in the direction of the cone 4 until it meets the stop 12. This situation is shown in Fig. 2. The retaining element 10 comprises an annular cavity 14 with a diameter which is larger than the largest diameter of the cone 4. Fig. 2 shows that the cone 4, the stop 12 and the cavity 14 together determine a space whose cross-section is greater than the cross-section of the orbicular muscle 8. On the other hand, an annular gap 16 is left between the cone 4 and the bottom end of the retaining element 10, which gap is wide enough to accomodate the skin and the intestinal wall, but is not wide enough to accomodate the orbicular muscle. The orbicular muscle is thus confined in the above-mentioned space, and a rotating cutting element 18 can be moved parallel to the central axis of the centring pin in the direction of the cone 4, in which case the vent of the bird is cut out. Fig. 3 shows a device with a large annular space defined by the retaining element 10 and the thickened end portion 4 of the centring pin 2. The retaining element 10 is fixed to a tube 20. The centring pin 2 is fixed, e.g. screwed to a rod 22 which has a slightly larger diameter than the centring pin 2. Thus, a stop edge is formed at the transition from rod 22 to pin 2 by means of which the axial movement of the centring pin 2 relative to the retaining element 10 in one direction is limited. Similarly, the axial movement of the centring pin 2 relative to the retaining element 10 in the other direction may be limited by a stop ring 24 indicated in dashed lines, the stop ring being fixed to the centring pin 2. The large annular space ensures an excellent operation of the device. It will be clear that the dimensions of the space and the gap are adapted to the orbicular muscle dimensions of the species of birds to be processed.

Claims: Device for cutting out the vent of a slaughtered bird, comprising: an elongated centring pin (2) which is provided with a thickened end portion (4) which can be inserted into the vent; a rotatable cutting element (18) with an axially directed cutting edge, the axis of rotation running parallel to the axis of the centring pin, and the cutting edge being directed to and being movable towards the thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2); and an axially movable retaining element (10) of which the end facing the thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2) is intended for interacting with the thickened end portion of the centring pin to retain the vent, characterized in that in an end position of the retaining element (10) relative to the thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2) between these two elements a semi-closed annular space is formed for the confinement of the orbicular muscle (8) of the vent, while in this end position between the retaining element (10) and the thickened end portion (4) of the centring pin (2) and annular gap (16) remains open for letting the skin and the intestinal wall of the bird pass, which gap has a width which is smaller than the maximun dimension in the same direction of the annular space for retaining the orbicular muscle (8). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial length of the annular space is greater than the thickness of the orbicular muscle (8). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial length of the annular space is at least about 0.007 m. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the annular gap (16) is at least about 0.0002 m and does not exceed about 0.001 m.

Inventors: JANSSEN, PETRUS CHRISTIANUS MARIUS, VAN DEN NIEUWELAAR, ADRIANUS JOSEPHES
Applicants: STORK PMT B.V.
Application year: 1991
Main classification: A22C21
IPC codes: A22C21