5-Methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides and 2-hydroxyethylidene-cyano acetic acid anilides for the treatment of ocular diseases

Abstract: The use of 5-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides and 2-hydroxyethylidene-cyano acetic acid anilides for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology is disclosed.

Description: Background of the Invention This invention relates to the use of certain 5-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides and 2-hydroxyethylidene-cyano acetic acid anilides for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation in treating ocular diseases with immune etiology and to pharmaceutical formulations adapted for ophthalmic administration comprising a therapeutically effective amount of these compounds and uses thereof. The compounds are also useful to prolong graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissues and as surgical adjuncts in patients who are atopic or immune impaired. The 5-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides are generically disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,087,535, which patent is fully incorporated herein by reference to the extent it defines the 5-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides and their synthesis. The compound, 5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid-4-trifluoromethyl-anilide (leflunomide) which is encompassed within the generic class, is specifically disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,284,786 and 4,351,841. The metabolite of leflunomide and the metabolite's derivatives are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,061,767 which is fully incorporated herein by reference to the extent it defines these compounds, which are 2-hydroxyethylidene-cyano acetic acid anilides, and their synthesis. Leflunomide's use as an antirheumatic, antiphlogistic, antipyretic, analgesic and as a compound for combating multiple sclerosis is also disclosed. In U.S. Patent Application No. 911,328, now U.S. Patent No. 4,965,276, leflunomide and its metabolite, herein referred to as AL 3318, are disclosed for combatting chronic graft-versus-host and autoimmune diseases. Ocular indications and topical administration is not discussed. SCAND. J. RHEUMATOLOGY, vol. 75, 1988, p. 290 - 299, BARTLETT et. al, discloses some effects of HWA 486 on MRL/pr mice. Treating these mice with HWA 486 resulted in decreased autoantibodies, decreased immune complex deposits on the glomeruli, restoration of depressed immune response and extended longevity of the MRL/pr mice. EP-A-0 217 206 discloses that the 4-trifluoromethylanilide of 5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid and its metabolite have immunomodulating properties such that they are suitable as medicaments to combat chronic graft-versus-host diseases and to combat autoimmune diseases, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus. Steroids and antimetabolite compounds, such as cyclophosphamide, have been used orally to treat severe uveitis, such as that associated with Behcet's disease. Oral steroid therapy is usually accompanied by the topical use of steroid therapy (ocular) to more rapidly control the inflammation. Steroids are also used in conjunction with antiviral, antiparasitic or antifungal agents to treat uveitis associated with microbial infections. Both antimetabolite and steroid therapies are general immunosuppressive treatments with ocular and systemic side effects. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a fungal-derived immunosuppressive agent, has recently been used to treat dry eye (in dogs), severe uveitis, vernal conjunctivitis and to prevent corneal graft rejection in humans; see, for example, Nussenblatt et al., Survey of Ophthalmology , Vol.31, No.3 (Nov.-Dec.,1986); and BenEzra et al., American Journal of Ophthalmology , Vol.101, p.298 (Mar.,1986). CsA is effective, but has major side effects, including kidney damage and predilection for tumor formation. This makes long term therapeutic use, which is usually necessary, deleterious. In addition, due to its size and structure, CsA is not water soluble and currently must be delivered in a suitable lipophilic formulation which is not optimal for topical ophthalmic use. Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to the use of a therapeutically effective amount of 5-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid anilides and hydroxyethylidene-cyano acetic acid anilide derivatives for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology, to a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration containing these compounds and uses thereof. In addition the compounds are useful for treating ocular manifestations associated with systemic diseases with immune etiology. The compounds exhibit immunosuppressive, antiinflammatory, and mild antiallergic activity and are useful for the treatment of eye diseases such as uveitis (including rheumatoid nodules), retinitis, allergy (vernal keratoconjunctivitis and allergic or giant papillary conjunctivitis) and dry eye (Sjogren's syndrome). Additionally the compounds are useful for prolonging graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissue and are useful as surgical adjuncts in patients which are atopic or immune impaired. The compounds are not universally cytotoxic, thereby overcoming the antimetabolite toxicity problems associated with the use of, for example, cyclophosphamide. In addition, the problems associated with the long term use of steroids are not encountered. The compounds of the present invention offer an alternative to cyclosporin and the complications associated with its long term use. The compounds can be used for the treatment of ocular diseases and ocular manifestations associated with systemic diseases with immune etiology via oral, intravenous, intramuscular, topical and/or intraocular administration. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments The present invention relates to the use of a therapeutically effective amount of compounds with the following formulas: in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1,2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stands for a halogen substituent, such as chlorine, fluorine, or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen, and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology. The compounds described in [I] and [II] above exhibit antiallergic, antiinflammatory and/or immunomodulating activity. Because it is believed that the compounds are not general or broad spectrum immunosuppressants, such as antimetabolites and steroids, and because it is believed the compounds suppress T and B cell functions differently than CsA, the compounds of the present invention offer an alternative method for the treatment of ocular diseases and ocular manifestations of systemic diseases with immune etiology, collectively referred to herein as "ocular diseases". The compounds represented by I and II above may be administered orally, intravenously, intramuscularly, topically and/or intraocularly for the treatment of ocular diseases. The compounds may be formulated as tablets, solutions or suspensions. The dose may vary from about 0.0001 mg/kg/day to about 30 mg/kg/day. Topical or intraocular delivery can include the use of ointments, liposomes, microspheres, palmitic-acid attachment or other lipid-like molecules useful in enhancing delivery to the eye. Oil or oil-like vehicles may also be used, however, an aqueous based vehicle is preferred. The present invention relates, furthermore, to a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration characterized by comprising: (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula: wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration comprising (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a metabolite compound, said metabolite being of the formula: in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Furthermore, the present invention relates to uses thereof. The preferred compounds of the present invention have the following structures: N-(4-Trifluoro-methylphenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamide (Leflunomide) N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-cyano-3-hydroxycrotonamide (AL 3318) Additional compounds which can be used according to the present invention based on structure II include: wherein: For the treatment of uveitis, dry eye and conjunctivitis leflunomide or AL 3318 can be administered systemically at a concentration of about 0.01-10 mg/kg/day or topically four times daily at a concentration of about 0.05-10 percent by weight (wt.%). For the prevention of corneal graft rejection leflunomide or AL 3318 can be administered topically at about 0.05-20 wt.%; or systemically at about 0.01-30 mg/kg/day. The following Examples illustrate formulations of the compounds of the present invention useful for the topical treatment of ocular diseases, particularly uveitis. They are in no way limiting. EXAMPLE 1 (Suspension) Ingredient Concentrations(wt.%) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 0.5 Na2HPO 4 0.2 NaCl 0.8 EDTA 0.01 Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) 0.01 Tween 80 0.05 Purified water q.s. volume pH 7.4 Osmolality 290 mOsm/kg Leflunomide 1.0 + 2% xs Procedure 10ml of the above suspension was made by first making the vehicle. This was done by adding, and quickly stirring, 2.508g of HPMC in 250ml of water at 90-100 o C. The composition was cooled to 5 o C with stirring. 1.013g Na 2 HPO 4 , 4.002g NaCl, 0.0535g EDTA, 5.002g BAC, 0.2569g Tween were dissolved in about 200ml of water, filtered through a corning 0.2 um filter unit and then added to the HPMC composition. The resulting mixture was brought to 500ml with water. A suspension of leflunomide was then prepared by ball milling 0.1006g leflunomide and 10ml of the mixture made above with about 3g of glass beads for 2 hours. The final suspension was then brought to volume with the mixture made above. EXAMPLE 2 (Aqueous) Ingredient Concentration(wt.%) Na2HPO 4 0.2 NaCl 0.8 EDTA 0.01 BAC 0.01 Tween 80 0.05 Purified water q.s. pH 7.42 Osmolality 291 mOsm/kg Leflunomide 1.0 Preparation The above formulation can be made according to procedures known to those skilled in the art of making pharmaceutical preparations. EXAMPLE 3 (Ointment) Ingredient Concentration(wt.%) Leflunomide 1.0 Methyl paraben 0.05 Propyl paraben 0.01 Anhydrous liquid lanolin 4.0 Mineral oil 15.0 White petrolatum 79.94 Procedure The above formulation can be made according to procedures known to those skilled in the art of making pharmaceutical preparations. EXAMPLE 4 (Suspension) Ingredient Concentration(wt.%) Leflunomide 0.5 + 2% xs Carbopol 934P 0.5 Sodium chloride, USP 0.4 Mannitol, USP 2.0 Polysorbate 80, NF 0.25 Benzalkonium Chloride, NF 0.01 + 5% xs Disodium Edetate, USP 0.01 Hydrochloric acid, NF and/or sodium hydroxide, NF pH 7.2 Water for injection, USP q.s. volume Procedure The above suspension was prepared by first making the vehicle. The 500ml of vehicle was prepared by adding to a 600ml beaker, 10.0095g of mannitol, 2.0002g of NaCl, 0.0578g EDTA and 2.510g of carbopol to 400g of water and stirring until homogenous. The pH was adjusted to 7 + 0.1 with NaOH. In a 50ml beaker 0.1018g BAC, and 1.2616g Tween were added to about 30ml of water and stirred, and added to the carbopol mixture, and water added to 500g. A separate suspension of 0.1277g leflunomide and 25.14g of the above described vehicle was made. 20g of that suspension and 10g of 4mm glass beads were stirred for 2 days.

Claims: Claims for the following Contracting States : AT, BE, DE, DK, FR, GB, IT, LI, LU, NL, SE Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 1. Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 1. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 3. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: wherein: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 3. Use according to one or more of claims 1-5 characterized in that the compound is delivered at a concentration of between 0.0001-30 mg/kg/day, preferably at a concentration of 0.01 to 10.0 mg/kg/day. Use according to one or more of claims 1-6 characterized in that the ocular disease with immune etiology is selected from the group consisting of uveitis, retinitis, allergy, and dry eye. Use according to one or more of claims 1-6 further being useful for prolonging graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissue and as surgical adjuncts in patients which are atopic or immune impaired. A pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration characterized by comprising: (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula: wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The formulation of claim 9 characterized in that the compound is a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula A pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 9 characterized by comprising: (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a metabolite of a compound of claim 9, said metabolite being of the formula: in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The formulation according to claim 11, characterized in that the metabolite is of the formula A pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 11, characterized in that the compound is a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula wherein: Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 14. Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 14. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 16. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: wherein: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 16. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the compound is delivered at a concentration of between 0.0001-30 mg/kg/day, preferably at a concentration of 0.01 to 10.0 mg/kg/day. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the compound is delivered topically to the eye at a concentration of 0.05 to 10.0 wt.%. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the ocular disease with immune etiology is selected from the group consisting of uveitis, retinitis, allergy, and dry eye. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 further being useful for prolonging graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissue and as surgical adjuncts in patients which are atopic or immune impaired. Claims for the following Contracting State : ES Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 1. Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 1. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 3. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: wherein: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 3. Use according to one or more of claims 1-5 characterized in that the compound is delivered at a concentration of between 0.0001-30 mg/kg/day, preferably at a concentration of 0.01 to 10.0 mg/kg/day. Use according to one or more of claims 1-6 characterized in that the ocular disease with immune etiology is selected from the group consisting of uveitis, retinitis, allergy, and dry eye. Use according to one or more of claims 1-6 further being useful for prolonging graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissue and as surgical adjuncts in patients which are atopic or immune impaired. A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising compounding (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula: wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to obtain a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration. The process of claim 9 characterized in that the compound is a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula A process according to claim 9 characterized by comprising compounding (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a metabolite of a compound of claim 9, said metabolite being of the formula: in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to obtain a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration. The process according to claim 11, characterized in that the metabolite is of the formula The process according to claim 11, characterized in that the compound is a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula wherein: Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound with the formula wherein: R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for an alkyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted partly or totally by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms; halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; nitro; cyano; alkoxycarbonyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and in which R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally can stand for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or in which R 1 stands for hydrogen, R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 14. Use of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , which may be identical or different, each stand for a halogen, such as chlorine, fluorine or bromine, an alkyl group of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which groups may be substituted entirely or partly by identical or different halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; for a nitro, cyano or alkoxycarbonyl group of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; R 1 and R 2 each further stands for hydrogen, in which case, however, R 3 cannot stand for methyl but additionally stands for a phenyl group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or for a phenoxy group which may carry one or two fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms, alkyl groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or alkyoxy groups of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R 1 stands for hydrogen and R 2 and R 3 together stand for a methylene-dioxy group, or together with the phenyl ring, to which they are linked, they stand for a naphthalene ring, and in which M stands for hydrogen, an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium, or ammonium; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 14. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 16. Use of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: wherein: for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for ophthalmic administration for treating ocular diseases with immune etiology according to claim 16. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the compound is delivered at a concentration of between 0.0001-30 mg/kg/day, preferably at a concentration of 0.01 to 10.0 mg/kg/day. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the compound is delivered topically to the eye at a concentration of 0.05 to 10.0 wt.%. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 characterized in that the ocular disease with immune etiology is selected from the group consisting of uveitis, retinitis, allergy, and dry eye. Use according to one or more of claims 14-18 further being useful for prolonging graft survival of corneal or other ocular tissue and as surgical adjuncts in patients which are atopic or immune impaired.

Inventors: LANG LAURA SMITH, ROBERTSON STELLA M, LANG, LAURA SMITH, ROBERTSON, STELLA M.
Applicants: ALCON LAB INC, ALCON LABORATORIES, INC.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: A61K31
IPC codes: C07C255, A61K31, C07D413, A61P37, C07D261, A61P27