Sheave array of a self propelled elevator using a linear motor on the counterweight

Abstract: Movement of an elevator is derived from a linear motor (12) forming a part of the counterweight assembly (10) of the elevator. Overhead guide sheaves (30, 32, 34, 36) carry the ropes which connect the counterweight (10) with the elevator cab (6). The guide sheaves (30,32 34, 36) are mounted laterally of the cab (6) on both sides thereof whereby there are no sheaves (30, 32, 34, 36) directly above and in line with the cab (6). A cab mount beam (18) connects to the center of gravity of the cab (6) but lies skew to the lateral vertical plane of symmetry (14) of the cab (6) so that the ropes will be offset fore and aft of the guide rails (16) of the cab (6).

Description: This invention relates to an elevator assembly having an overhead sheave arrangement where none of the sheaves is aligned with the elevator cab. More particularly, this invention relates to such an elevator assembly which derives its motive power from a linear motor mounted on the counterweight assembly of the elevator. U.S. Patent No. 4,402,386 describes an elevator assembly which is powered by a linear motor mounted on the counterweight of the elevator. The armature of the motor is a pole fixed in the elevator hoistway. The sheaves which carry the ropes connecting the counterweight and elevator cab are not traction sheaves, but are merely guide sheaves. Thus, the sheaves in the aforesaid elevator system are not connected to a drive motor, and there is no need to have a machine room, either overhead, or below the cab. In some areas of the world, safety codes require that overhead sheaves not be installed in the hoistway directly above the roof of the cab. Compliance with these codes results in a very complex roping arrangement, typically requiring two sheaves mounted on the cab frame below the floor of the cab, and wherein a 2/1 roping ratio is used. This arrangement is complicated and costly as it requires extra sheaves and an excess of rope. This invention relates to a system of roping an elevator cab which does not involve the use of overhead sheaves which are directly over the roof of the cab. Viewed from the one aspect the present invention provides an elevator assembly mounted in a hoistway, said assembly including a cab with side walls and a door; a counterweight; ropes interconnecting the cab and counterweight; first and second sheave sets mounted in an upper end of the hoistway, said sheave sets engaging said ropes to guide the latter in the hoistway during movement of the cab and counterweight in the hoistway, said hoistway including opposed guide rails for guiding said cab in said hoistway; characterised in that: one of said sheave sets is mounted on each side of the cab whereby none of the sheaves directly overlie the roof of the cab; and in that said assembly includes means attached to said cab for securing said ropes to said cab at points outboard of said side walls of said cab, said means for securing defining a first rope securement location outboard of one of said cab side walls and located on the cab door side of a vertical plane containing the center of gravity of the cab and said guide rails, and said means for securing defining a second rope securement location outboard of the other of said cab side walls and located on the side of said vertical plane away from the cab door whereby the ropes travel from the cab in the hoistway along fore and aft paths spaced apart from said vertical plane. The ropes may be fastened to opposite sides of the counterweight, and may be fastened to the cab at opposite ends of a beam mounted on the cab frame above the roof of the cab. The ends of the beam lie outside the side walls of the cab in the hoistway, whereby the path of travel of the ropes is outside of the cab side walls. The beam may be positioned skew to a transverse vertical plane of symmetry of the cab, whereby the beam passes through the center of gravity axis of the cab, with one of its outer ends being fore, and the other of its outer ends being aft of the aforesaid plane of symmetry. The path of the lateral cab guide rails in the hoistway is thus free of contact with the ropes. The cab sheave of one pair of the sheaves, i.e. the sheave over which the cab rope passes, may be aft of one of the cab guide rails, and the cab sheave of the other pair may be mounted so as to rotate about an axis which is coplanar with the other cab guide rail. The rope beam may be articulated on top of the cab so as to automatically adjust rope tension between the sets of ropes connecting the cab and counterweight. The sheaves are thus laterally offset from the cab roof, and the sides of the hoistway are used for rope travel without interfering with the cab guide rails. Other advantages of the roping system of this invention will become more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGURE 1 is a plan view of the top of the elevator system looking down through the hoistway at the top of the cab and counterweight; FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the placement of the overhead sheaves in the hoistway; FIGURE 3 is a side elevational view of the hoistway, cab and counterweight looking from right to left in FIG. 2, not showing the foremost sheaves or rope array; and FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but looking from left to right in FIG. 2. Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 a somewhat schematic view of the hoistway, cab and counterweight utilizing the roping system of the invention. The hoistway is designated generally by the numeral 2, the hall doors by the numeral 4, the cab by the numeral 6, and the cab doors by the numeral 8. The counterweight 10 which carries a linear motor 12 supplying motive power for the elevator is mounted to move up and down on a pole 11 (see FIG. 2) in the hoistway 2 against the wall thereof furthest from the hall doors 4. The phantom line 14 designates the transverse plane of symmetry of the cab 6 which contains the center of gravity of the cab 6. Guide rails 16 are mounted on the side walls of the hoistway 2 in the symmetry plane 14 for guiding movement of the cab 6 in the hoistway 2. A beam 18 is mounted on or above the roof of the cab 6 and is positioned thereon so as to be skew with respect to the symmetry plane 14. One end 20 of the beam 18 lies to one side of the symmetry plane 14 and provides means for attaching the left hand rope array to the cab 6, while the other end 22 of the beam 18 lies to the opposite side of the symmetry plane 14 and provides means for attaching the right hand rope array to the cab 6. The left hand rope array is attached to the counterweight 10 at 24, and the right hand rope array is attached to the counterweight 10 at 26. The beam 18 is fixed to the cab 6 by means of a bracket 28 or the like, and the beam 18 can be articulated on the bracket 28 if desired to provide for automatic tension adjustment of the ropes. FIG. 2 shows the positioning of the left and right hand sheave pairs in the hoistway 2. On the left hand side, sheaves 30 and 32 are mounted overhead in the hoistway 2, with the sheave 30 guiding the rope array directly upwardly from the beam end 20, feeding the rope array over the left hand cab guide rail to the sheave 32 from whence the ropes are fed directly down onto the counterweight attachment point 24. The left hand ropes thus pass over the left side cab guide rail without interfering with the cab's engagement therewith, as shown in FIG. 3. On the right hand side of the hoistway 2, sheave 34 takes the right hand rope array directly up from the beam end 22 and feeds it over to the second sheave 36 from whence it goes directly down to the end 26 of the counterweight 10. The sheave 3 is mounted on the right hand side of the hoistway to the rear of the symmetry plane 14. The right hand rope array is thus fed from the cab 6 to the counterweight 10 in a spatial envelope rearwardly offset from the symmetry plane 14, whereby the right hand rope array does not interfere with engagement of the cab 6 with the right hand cab guide rail, as shown in FIG. 4. It will be readily appreciated that the roping system of this invention is uncomplicated, and uses a minimum of rope. The sheaves are mounted overhead in the hoistway, but are not directly over the cab roof. The ropes are arranged in left and right hand arrays which interconnect the cab and counterweight without interfering with engagement between the cab and its hoistway guide rails. The use of the skew cab beam allows the sheaves to take up rope from the cab fore and aft of the cab guide rails, while allowing the beam to be connected to the cab along its central axis of symmetry, or center of gravity. The cab beam may be articulated to the cab, if so desired, to provide automatic tension adjustment to the rope arrays. Since many changes and variations of the disclosed embodiment of the invention may be made without departing from the inventive concept, it is not intended to limit the invention otherwise than as required by the appended claims.

Claims: An elevator assembly mounted in a hoistway, said assembly including a cab (6) with side walls and a door (8); a counterweight (10); ropes interconnecting the cab and counterweight; first and second sheave sets (30, 32, 34, 36) mounted in an upper end of the hoistway (2), said sheave sets engaging said ropes to guide the latter in the hoistway (2) during movement of the cab and counterweight in the hoistway, said hoistway including opposed guide rails (16) for guiding said cab in said hoistway; characterised in that: one of said sheave sets is mounted on each side of the cab (6) whereby none of the sheaves directly overlie the roof of the cab; and in that said assembly includes means (18) attached to said cab for securing said ropes to said cab at points (20, 22) outboard of said side walls of said cab, said means for securing defining a first rope securement location (20) outboard of one of said cab side walls and located on the cab door side of a vertical plane (14) containing the center of gravity of the cab (6) and said guide rails (16), and said means for securing defining a second rope securement location (22) outboard of the other of said cab side walls and located on the side of said vertical plane away from the cab door (8) whereby the ropes travel from the cab (6) in the hoistway (2) along fore and aft paths spaced apart from said vertical plane. The elevator assembly of Claim 1 wherein said assembly includes a linear motor (12) mounted on one of said cab (6) and said counterweight (10) for providing motive power for said assembly. The elevator assembly of Claim 1 or 2 wherein said ropes are attached to said counterweight (10) at opposite ends of the latter. The elevator assembly of Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said means attached to said cab (6) for securing said ropes comprises a beam (18) secured to said cab and disposed skew to said vertical plane with one end (20) of said beam (18) being disposed outwardly of a side wall of said cab on the side of said vertical plane away from said counterweight (10), and the other end (22) of said beam being disposed outwardly of the opposite side wall of said cab on the side of said vertical plane toward said counterweight (10). The elevator assembly of Claim 4 wherein said beam (18) is secured to said cab at a location aligned with the center of gravity of said cab (6). The elevator assembly of Claim 4 or 5 wherein said beam (18) is secured to said cab (6) by a pivot joint (28) operable to provide automatic rope tension adjustment of said ropes. The elevator assembly of any preceding claim wherein said first sheave set is mounted in said hoistway above said cab roof and outwardly offset from one of said cab side walls, one of said sheaves in said first set is being positioned to guide one of said ropes directly upwardly from one securement location, and the other of said sheaves in said first set being positioned to receive said one rope from said one of said sheaves and guide said one rope directly downwardly onto one end of said counterweight; and wherein said second sheave set is mounted in said hoistway above said cab roof and outwardly offset from the opposite one of said cab side walls, one of said sheaves in said second set being positioned to guide another of said ropes directly upwardly from the other securement location, and the other of said sheaves in said second set being positioned to receive said other rope from said one of said sheaves and guide said other rope directly downwardly onto the other end of said counterweight, whereby the sheaves and ropes are disposed in areas of the hoistway which do not directly overlie the cab roof.

Inventors: PAVOZ MARCEL, PAVOZ, MARCEL
Applicants: OTIS ELEVATOR CO, OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY
Application year: 1990
Main classification: B66B11
IPC codes: B66B11, B66B7, B66B9, B66B15