SULFOSUCCINATE DETERGENT COMPOSITION

Abstract: The invention is a composition containing a sulfosuccinate surfactant and a viscosity increasing and foam improving amount of an aliphatic polyglycoside and an alkali metal chloride.

Description: SULFOSUCCINATE DETERGENT COMPOSITION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention: The Invention is a detergent composition containing a sulfosuccinate an alkyl polyg.ycoside, an alkal imetal chloride and water. The detergent compos-- ion has improved foair properties and increased viscosity. 2. Statement of the Related Art: Su1fosA»£_ln__t-_ surfactants are a εla.s of surfa.tants which " are known to possess excellent surfactant properties and low irri¬ tation potential. However, the liquid compositions have weak framing properties and low viscosity. In many applications high foam properties and high viscosity are required. It 1s known that the foaming properties and viscosity of sulfosuccinate surfactants can be improved by addition of certain anlonlc surfactants to the sulfosuccinate containing composition. However, the additives used to Improve the foaming characteris¬ tics and increase viscosity generally adversely affect the mild¬ ness or non-1rr1tat1ng properties of the sulfosuccinate surfactants. U.S. patents 4,784,800, U.S. 4,732,707, U.S. 4,734,223 and U.S. 4,596,672 disclose formulations containing sulfosuccinate surfactants, anlonlc and/or non-an1onlc surfactants to Improve the foam and viscosity properties of the composition. However, the additional surfactants generally Increase the Irritation propensity of the composition. U.S. patent 4,576,744 discloses a composition containing a sulfosuccinate surfactant and a viscosity increasing amount of cer¬ tain water soluble polymers. In many applications, water soluble polymers have an adverse effect on the desired detergent proper¬ ties of the composition. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Other than in the operating examples and claims, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of Ingredi¬ ents or reaction conditions used herein are to be understood as modified 1n all Instances by the term "about". The present invention is based on the discovery that a sur¬ factant composition comprising a sulfosuccinate surfactant in com¬ bination with an aliphatic polyglycoside surfactant, alkali metal chloride and water provides improved foam properties and Increased viscosity without unduly adversely effecting the mildness or non irritating properties of the composition. According to the present invention a detergent composition comprises: a) a sulfosuccinate of the formula R 1 - C - X - C - R 2 (I) I SO3M n I wherein x is -CH2CH-; M 1s solubiHzlng cation selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and R3 I N - R4 wherein 1 ™_J — R3, R4 and R5 are Independently H, alkyl having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and n is the valence of M; R 1 1s R 6 0(CH2CH2θ)-τ) wherein R 6 1s alkylphenol, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl or hydroxyalkenyl group each having from about 3 to about 24 carbon atoms and 1s a num¬ ber of from 0 to about 10, 0 H R 7 C-N{CH 2 CH2θ)- rn wherein R 7 1s an alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl , hydroxy alkenyl or alky.phenyl each having from about 2 to about 23 carbon atoms; R 2 is M or R 1 with the proviso that when n R 2 1s R 1 the sum of the number of carbon atoms in R 2 and R 1 is from about 7 to about 24 and when R 2 1s M the number n of carbon atoms in R 1 is from about δ to about 24; b) an aliphatic polyglycoslde of the formula R0 CH 2 CH 0 - m G r ( I I) wherei n R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, m 1s as defined above, G 1s the residue of a reducing saccharlde and r is a number of from about 1.05 to about 10; c) an alkali metal chloride; and d) water; wherein the ratio by weight of b) to a) 1s above about DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The sulfosuccinate compositions useful 1n the practice of the present Invention according to the formula I encompass compounds such as disodium ethoxylated nonylphenol half ester of sulfosuc- cinic add, disodium isodecyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dia yl sulfo¬ succinate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium di-1sobutyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dlhexyl sulfocucdnate, disodium N-octa- decylsulfosuccinate, disodium cocamide HIPA sulfosuccinate, d1- sodium lauranr.de monoethanolamine sulfocucdnate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, disodium decyl-PEG-4 sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium sulfosuccinate ester of lauMc diethanolamide, sodium sulfosuccinate ester of lauric monoethanol- amide, disodium oleylamido PEG-2 sulfosuccinate, sodium N-octa- decyl sulfosucdπamate, mixed fatty amine sulfosuccinate, disodium • monococoamide sulfosuccinate, disodium monooleamide sulfosuccinate, ethoxylated lanolin alcohol sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth-5 sulfosuccinate, dianmoniu lauramido MEA sulfosuccinate, disodium laura ido -MEA sulfosuccinate, diaim-onium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium trldecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium undecylene amido mono¬ ethanolamine sulfosuccinate, disodium coca ido monoethanolamine sulfosuccinate, disodium N-octadecyl suifosuccinamate, diammonium N-octyldecyl ulfosuccina ate, disodium oleamido MIPA sulfosuccin¬ ate. The above are examples of typical sulfosuccinate composi- tlons which are useful in the practice of the present invention. Generally, the sulfosuccinate surfactants are present in the com- position 1n a concentration range of from about 1 to about 20% by weight of the detergent composition. The aliphatic polyglycoside surfactants useful 1n the prac¬ tice of the present Invention are non1on1c surfactants of the formula RO(CH2CH2θ) m G r wherein R 1s an alkyl or alkylenyl group having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms. The aliphatic group can be alkyl or alkylenyl but is preferably alkyl. In the formula, m 1s a number of from about 0 to 10 and preferably 0. G is the residue of a reducing saccharide and r 1s a number of from about 1.05 to about 10 and preferably from about 1.1 to about 2. The aliphatic polyglycosides are known composition and can be prepared by the method disclosed in U.S. 4,713,447 which 1s Incor¬ porated herein by reference. The saccharides useful for preparing the aliphatic polyglycosides useful 1n the practice of the present invention are reducing onosaccarides or materials which can form reducing monosaccarides during the process for preparing the polyglycoside composition. The reducing saccharides Include hexoses and pentoses. Typical examples of suitable monosaccharides Include glucose, manose, galactose, talose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, ribose, lyxose, and the like. More for reasons of Its low cost and ready availability, glucose 1s the prefered saccharide. The aliphatic polyglycosides are present 1n the composition of the present Invention 1n the range of from about 1 to about 25% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 3-20%. The ratio of aliphatic polyglcoslde to sulfosuccinate 1s at least about 1:3, preferably higher than about 2:3 and most prefer- ably higher than 1:1 and less than about 4:1. -b- The compositions of the present Invention contain a small but viscosity Increasing effective amount of an alkali metal chloride. The alkali metal chlorides include lithium chloride, sodium chlo¬ ride and potassium chloride. The alkali metal chlorides are included 1n the composition of the present invention in a viscosity improving effective amount. Generally, the amount of alkali metal chloride 1n the composition of the present invention ranges from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of the composition. The amount of the alkali metal chloride present 1n the composition Is dependent upon the ratio of aliphatic polyglycoside to the sulfosuccinate surfactant -n the composition and the viscos¬ ity required. The preferred alkali metal chlorides are sodium chloride and potassium chloride. The composition of the present invention can contain up to about 40% by weight of other additives usually present 1n deter¬ gent compositions. The composition can contain additional surfactant, additional foam boosters such as alkylamides, pH adjusters and buffers such as citric add, re-fatting agents such as CETIOL, fragrances, and other materials which are generally found in detergent compositions especially mild detergent compo¬ sitions which are directed to providing an emollient and enhanced conditioning action for the skin. A typical liquid hand soap composition of the present inven¬ tion 1s as follows: Percent by Weight Standapol SH-124-3- 1 ) 2.5 Texapon ASV ( 2 ) 2.5 CETIOL HE( 3 ) 2 Al kyl polygl ucoside (APG2-600 SP) ( 4 ) 5 NaCl 2 ci tri c acid 0.1 fragrance - 0.05 preservative 0.05 water 75.8 (1) Standapol SH-124-3 1s disodium laureth sulfosuccinate with three ols of ethylene oxide. (2) TEXAPON ASV 1s an alkyl ether sulfate. (3) CETIOL HE 1s a polyol fatty add ester. (4) APG®600 SP 1s a lauryl polyglucoside with a degree of polymerization of 1.4. Another exemplary formulation 1s as fol lows: Percent by Weight STANDAPOL SH-124-3 13 • disodium laureth sulfosuccinate (3PEG) lauryl polyglucoside (APG*600 SP) 15 LANEPON S 9 (potassium coco-hydrolyzed animal protein) STANDAMIO LDO 3.0 (laura ide DEA) STADAMOX LAO-30 3.0 (laura ine oxide) CETIOL HE 0.5 (PEG7 glyceryl cocoate) KATHON CG 0.05 (preservative) sodium chloride 2 fragrance and dyes as required water to provide 100 The pH of the formulation 1s adjusted to about 6 with citric add. The above formulation can be used as a bath and body shampoo. Advantages of the present Invention wi l l be I l l ustrated by way of the fol lowing examples. A test formula was prepared con¬ taining the fol lowing: Total surfactant 12.0% acti ve I ngredi ents cocamide DEA 3.0% ci tri c add to pH 6.5 water bal ance The formulations were prepared and the surfactant adjusted by substituting for a portion of the surfactant the aliphatic polyglycosides useful in the practice of the present invention. A 10% aqueous solution of the composition to be evaluated was prepared. Four (4) grams of the 10% aqueous solution were added to 14£ grams of water (hardness 50 pp ) heated to 29 °C + 1 °C. The mixture was agitated for (10) seconds 1n an osterlzer type blender. The agitation was medium speed. The contents of the blender were transferred Into a 500 millillter graduated cylinder. The Initial foam volume was measured to the nearest 5 ml. The position of the foam/water Interface was recorded after 3.5 minutes. The position of the interface Indicates the foam drain- age or the stability of the foam. The foam drainage should be as low as possible. The results of the experiment are shown 1n Table I. TABLE I Ratio of SULFOSUCCINATE^/APG- 3 ) by Weight Viscosity (CPS-Centlpoise seconds) % NaCl 100/0 75/25 50/50 25/75 0.5 <100 <100 <100 2600 1.0 120 5000 2.0 350 2800 3.0 1300 — 4.0 3250 — 5.0 5000 — 6.0 6600 — 7.0 6000 — Foam generation 240(D /135 ( 2 ) 245/135 265/135 265/1 (1) MllHHters of foam after mixing for 10 seconds (2) Interface (mllimters) after 3.5 minutes (3) APG-R0G Γ wherein R 1s C12-14 alkyl, G 1s glucose residue, r 1s 1.4 5 (4) Laureth PEG3 disodium sulfosuccinate. As can be seen from the data 1n Table I, the addition of a small amount of alkali metal chloride and substitution of an aliphatic polyglycoside for a portion of the sulfosuccinate pro¬ vides for increased viscosity and an increase 1r> the amount of 10 foam and the foam stability of the composition. The use of aliphatic polyglycosides and 1n particular alkyl polyglucoside are particularly useful since they are ecologically safe and biodegradeable, exhibit very low levels of toxicity, contain no nitrosoamines or 1,4 dioxane and can be made 15 from renewable natural resources. As 1s well known in the art, the sulfosuccinate esters suffer from hydrolysis during storage. There 1s some Indication that the aliphatic polyglycosides Improve the stability of the sulfosuccinate5 useful in the practice of the present invention. 20 As can be seen from the data presented, the compositions of the present Invention have improved foam stability, increased viscos¬ ity with no substantial adverse effect on the mildness or Irrita¬ tion potential of the composition. As shown in the examples the pH of the compositions are 25 adjusted in the range of about 6 to about 8 to reduce the hydroly¬ sis potential of the sulfosucdnates.

Claims: 90/14411 _!!_ CLAIMS 1. A composition comprising: a) a sulfosuccinate of the formula 0 0 RI . C - X - C - R 2 (I) S0 3 M n wherein x is -CH2CH-; M is solubilizing cation selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, arrmonium and R3 N - R4 wherein I R5 R3, R4 and R5 are independently H, alkyl having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and n 1s the valenc-ε of M, R 1 1s R 6 0(CH CH θ) m wherein R 6 is an alkylphenol, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl or hdyroxyalkenyl group each having from about 3 to about 24 carbon atoms and 1s a number of from 0 to to about 10, r 0 H R 7 fC-N I(CH 2 CH 2 0) πι wherein R 7 is an alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy alkenyl or alkyl- pheπyl each having from about 2 to about 23 carbon atoms; R 2 is M or R 1 with the proviso that when n R 2 1s R 1 the sum of the number of carbon atoms in R 2 and R 1 1s from about 7 to about 24 and when R 2 1s H the number n • of carbon atoms in R 1 1s from about 8 to about 24; b) an aliphatic pol glycosice of the formula 0-(CH2CH20-) Tn G r (II) wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, is as defined above, G is the residue of a reducing saccharide and r 1s a number of from about 1.05 to about 10; c) an alkali metal chloride; and d) water; wherein the ratio by weight of b) to a) 1s above about 1:3. 2. A composition of claim 1 wherein a) is 0 0 R 1 C X C ONa I Sθ3Na 3. A composi tion of claim 1 wherein a) 1 s 0 0 II II CH3(CH2) ιoC-0- (CH 2 CH2θ)3 C-X-C-ONa S0 3 Na 4. A composition of claim 1 wherein b) 1s R0G r wherein R is alkyl o-f from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, G is a glucose residue and r 1s a number of from about 1.1 to about 2. 5. A composition of claim 4 wherein R is an alkyl of from about 10 to 18 carbon atoms. β. A composition of claim 2 wherein b) is ROG r wherein R 1s alkyl of from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, G is a glucose residue and r is a number of from about 1.1 to about 2. 7. A composition of-claim 3 wherein R is an alkyl of from about 10-14 carbon atoms, G 1s a glucose residue and r 1s a number from about 1.2 - 1.8. 8. A mild, liqui-d, cleaning composition comprising: a) 2-15% by weight sulfosuccinate as defined above b) 1-25% by weight APG as defined above c) 0-6% by weight fatty alkanolamlde d) 0-5% by weight re-fatt1ng agent e) 0.25-10% by weight alkali metal chloride f) 0-1.0% by weight preservative g) 0-1.0% by weight fragrance h) 0-1.5% by weight pH adjuster 1) water 9. A composition of claim 8 additionally containing from about 1-10% by weight of an additional surfactant. IC. A composition of claim 9 wherien the additional surfactant Is an anionic surfactant.

Inventors: BATOR PATRICIA E, SALKA BARRY A, BATOR, PATRICIA, E., SALKA, BARRY, A.
Applicants: HENKEL CORP, HENKEL CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: C11D1
IPC codes: A61K8, A61Q19, C11D1