A device for discharging sheets from the bottom of a stack

Abstract: A device whereby sheets can be discharged one by one from the bot­ tom of a stack of sheets from a holder provided with a carrier (1) and lateral supports (2, 5). The carrier (1) of the holder is sagged per­ manently transversely of the direction of sheet transport. In the vicinity of the deepest part the carrier (1) is provided with at least one aperture (10) beneath at least one edge zone of a side edge of a stack of sheets to be received, in which aperture (10) a partial vacuum can be created so that the bottom sheet is sucked against the carrier. Means are also provided to blow air against the side edge of the stack, as considered with respect to the direction of sheet transport, in order to create a layer of air at least between the bot­ tom sheet and the stack thereabove, said means being so disposed that the air flow is blown out over the deepest part of the carrier (1). The friction between the sheet to be discharged and the stack thereabove is thus reduced. At the instant that the layer of air forms between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove the sheet is discharged by a transport means (16).

Description: The invention relates to a device for discharging sheets one by one from the bottom of a stack of sheets, comprising a holder provided with a carrier said carrier having a deepened part and lateral supports, for a stack of sheets, means being provided for blowing air against the side edge of the stack, as considered with respect to the direction of transport of the sheets, in order to create a layer of air at least between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove, transport means being provided to discharge the bottom sheet, the carrier (1) is provided with at least one aperture (10) in the vicinity of the deepest part beneath at least one edge portion of a side edge of a stack of sheets to be received, and the means for blowing air against the stack side edge are so disposed that the air flow is blown over the deepest part of the carrier (1). A device of this kind is known form US-A-3,099,442. The device has apertures to blow air to the underside of the bottommost sheet. A similar device with a planar carrier is known from US-A-4,579,330, in which there is described a device in which two parallel lateral abutments are provided which have a number of blowing apertures on the facing sides. By blowing air through these apertures towards the sides of the stack thin air layers are formed between the bottom sheets of the stack. The bottom sheet is then drawn towards a rotatable suction roll provided with holes in which a partial vacuum is created, whereafter the sheet is discharged from the stack by means of said roll. In this known device, considerable leakage occurs during the air supply to the stack, such leakage being situated at the front and rear of the sheets, as considered in the direction of sheet transport, and as a result it is necessary to supply considerable amounts of air to separate the bottom sheet from the rest of the stack, and this necessitates the use of large fans. The noise produced with this device is considerable due to the large air supply. If there is a small number of sheets to be discharged, vibration of the sheets in the holder also occurs rapidly, and this has an adverse effect on the sheet separation and further increases the noice. To prevent a plurality of sheets from being transported simultaneously, a retaining plate is used which has to be adjusted to the thickness of the sheets to be transported. In practice it has also been found that even a slight deformation of the side edge of the sheet situated directly above the bottom sheet in such a device prevents the said sheet from being separated from the bottom sheet. It has also been found that unless air is blown over the full length of the side edges of the sheets in the stack in such a device the stack deflects in a convex shape during the air supply. The resistance of the stack to such deformation in such cases counteracts the forece exerted by the supplied air, so that not only the weight, but also the bending resistance of the stack of sheets therabove exerts an influence on the air layer that has formed so that the influence of the nature of the stack on the reliability of separation is considerable. The object of the invention is to provide a device in accordance with the preamble without the said disadvantages. According to the invention this object is attained in that the carrier is sagged permanently transversely of the direction of sheet transport, and that it is possible to create a partial vacuum in said at least one aperture, and the means for blowing air against the stack side edge are so disposed that the air flow is blown out over the deepest part of the carrier. Since air is blown towards the side edge of the stack in the vicinity of the deepest part of the carrier while the bottom sheet is simultaneously sucked against the carrier, an air layer forms between the said sheet and the stack thereabove and the stack is lifted from the bottom sheet, thus reducing the friction between the bottom sheet and the rest of the stack. As a result the bottom sheet can be transported without disturbance and, for example, the simultaneous transportation of a pluarity of sheets obviated. Since only the bottom sheet does sag in the device according to the invention while the stack remains substantially without deformation, the bending resistance of the stack has practically no effect on the air layer and good separation of the bottom sheet from the stack thereabove can be obtained, for example, with different stack weights, different stack heights and different sheet stiffnesses, within wide limits, without any adjustment of the amount of air blown in. Preferably, the carrier has at least one aperture in the vicinity of the deepest part beneath the edge zones of the two side edges of the stack of sheets to be received, it being possible to create a partial vacuum therein, and the means for blowing air against the stack side edge are so disposed that the air flow is blown over the deepest part of the carrier against the two side edges of the stack. As a result, during the air blowing operation the forces exerted on the sheets are distributed more uniformly, thus improving the device reliability. Preferably, in order to improve separation of the bottom sheet from the stack thereabove, the part of the carrier between the front edge and the middle as considered in the direction of transport is sagged permanently. By blowing air into the vicinity of the deepest part of this part of the carier, an air layer forms at the front between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove so that the contact between the front edge of the bottom sheet and the front edge of the stack is reduced. In another embodiment, the carrier is sagged in a deflected shape transversely of the direction of transport, the front part of the carrier forming an obtuse angle with the rear part. This angle is preferably 150 - 175°. When the bottom sheet is sucked against the carrier, said sheet will follow the deflected shape in the carrier better than the stack thereabove so that an opening forms between this sheet and the stack at the deflected shape. By blowing air into the side edges of the stack in the vicinity of the deflected shape the air layer will thus form mainly in the vicinity of the deflected shape between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove. Devices are known in which air is blown into the stack at the front thereof as considered in the direction of sheet transport. By comparison with these devices, the device according to the invention has the advantage that simple displacment of one or both lateral supports within certain limits makes it suitable for the use of different formats. When the device according to the invention is applied to an electrophotographic copying machine in order to discharge a set of documents repeatedly sheet by sheet to the exposure window of the machine, whereafter the sheets are copied and then re-deposited in the holder, this device also has the advantage that the sheets are not deposited in opposition to the air flow, so that the sheets come to rest on the stack very rapidly and well positioned. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the device according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the device according to the invention. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing the lifting of the stack by means of a device according to Fig. 1 or 2 whith a carrier sagged in a deflected shape. Figs. 4a to 4d are diagrammatic side elevations each showing a different embodiment of the carrier. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic top plan view of another embodiment of the carrier. Fig. 6a is a diagrammatic top plan view and Fig. 6b a side elevation of a transport means having a movable endless belt as used in the embodiments according to Figs. 1 and 2. The device according to Fig. 1 comprises a holder for a stack of sheets having a permanently sagged carrier 1 and, as a lateral support, a side wall 2 to which there is secured an air supply duct 3 which is adapted to be connected to an air supply source and which terminates in a blowing aperture 4 in the vicinity of the deepest part of the holder, through which aperture air is blown towards one side edge of the stack perpendicularly to the direction of sheet transport and parallel to the carrier. The holder is also provided with a second side wall 5 and a back wall 6 formed with apertures 6a. In the vicinity of the blowing aperture 4 the carrier 1 has an aperture 10 via which the bottom sheet is sucked towards the carrier 1 at said aperture 4. Aperture 10 is formed as a slot which extends near the area where there is an effective air blow into the stack and is situated near a side edge of the sheet to prevent the air blown into the stack from being blown between the bottom sheet and the carrier 1. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the two sides walls 2, 5 of the holder are provided, in the vicinity of the deepest part of the carrier 1, with an air supply duct 3 adapted to be connected to an air supply source. Near the deepest part of the carrier 1 the two side walls 2, 5 are provided with a blowing aperture 4 into which the air supply duct 3 leads. Near the two blowing apertures 4 the carrier 1 has a blowing aperture 10. As shown in Fig. 3, the blowing of air into the stack causes a layer of air 7 to form between the bottom sheet 8 sucked against the carrier 1 and the rest of the stack 9. In alternative embodiments of the device according to the invention, the carrier 1 can be sagged permanently in other ways. Figs. 4a - 4d show some of such embodiments. It will be clear to one skilled in the art that several embodiments can be used in the device according to the invention and that the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in these Figures. The embodiment of the carrier 1 shown in Fig. 5 is sagged in a deflected shape at the place indicated by the line I-I, the angle between the front part of this panel and the rear part being 168°. Near the deflected shape the carrier is provided with a number of apertures 12 near the side walls, said apertures having the same function as the apertures 10 in the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the carrier 1 has apertures 13 in the vicinity of the middle as considered in the direction of transport of the sheets, in which apertures a partial vacuum can be created. The carrier 1 is also provided with a recess 15 for a transport means 16 used to discharge the bottom sheet. The transport means 16, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 6a and 6b, comprises a movable endless rubberized belt 17 formed with apertures 20 in which a partial vacuum can be created. The rubberized belt 17 runs about two rollers 18 and about a suction box 19 situated within the periphery of the belt 17. Suction box 19 is connected to a vacuum device (not shown) whereby a partial vacuum can be created in the apertures 20. To enable the bottom sheet to be discharged the belt 17 must exert such a force on the bottom sheet that the friction between said sheet and, on the one hand, the carrier 1 and, on the other hand, the sheet situated directly above the said sheet, is overcome. The force exerted by the belt 17 on the bottom sheet depends, inter alia, on the coefficient of friction between the belt 17 and the sheet to be transported, the partial vacuum in the suction box 19 and the effective suction area. The effective suction area is the operative surface where the partial vacuum is located and depends, inter alia, on the roughness of the belt 17 and of the sheet to be transported, the size of the apertures 20, and the pattern of holes in the belt 17 and the size of the suction box 19 beneath the belt 17. It may be advantegeous to make the apertures 20 in the belt 17 wider at the side facing the sheets than on the opposite side so that the effective suction area is increased while retaining the firmness of the belt 17. Other transport means known for this purpose can be used instead of the transport means 16. Inter alia, it is possible to use a friction roll or a suction roll as disclosed in US-A-4,579,330, but the transport means 16 according to Figs. 6a and 6b is preferable because of its larger effective suction area. The lateral supports need not necessarily consist of side walls extending along the entire side edge of the stack as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 but may, inter alia, be formed as lateral abutments against part of the stack, or as locating pins, one or more air supply ducts being disposed near the part where the carrier is the deepest, such ducts leading into blowing apertures directed towards the stack. It is not necessary for the lateral supports to directly adjoin the stack. In an electrophotographic copying machine the device can be used in order to discharge a set of documents repeatedly sheet by sheet to the exposure window of the machine, whereafter the sheets are copied and then re-deposited in the holder. In order to promote good positioning of the sheets to be deposited on the stack and good separation, it is desirable for the holder to be so situated, as considered in the direction of transport, that the front edge of the carrier 1 is higher than the rear edge. By making one or two lateral supports movable, it is possible within certain limits to use the device for discharging sheets of different formats. The rear wall can also be made movable for this purpose. The device described above operates as follows. By creating a partial vacuum in the various apertures in the carrier 1 and the transport belt 17 and by blowing air against the side edge of the stack in the vicinity of the deepest part of the carrier the bottom sheet is sucked against the carrier and a layer of air or air chamber forms between said sheet and the stack thereabove because the front and rear sides of the stack operate as a seal because of the dead weight of the stack. The pressure exerted by the air in said layer of air causes the stack situated above the bottom sheet to be lifted therefrom so that the friction between the bottom sheet and the rest of the stack is reduced. The size and shape of the space between the bottom sheet and the rest of the stack is influenced, inter alia, by the shape of the carrier, the place where the air is blown in, the number of blowing apertures 4 in the side walls 2, 5, the shape of said blowing apertures 4, the direction in which the air is blown, the amount of air blown into the stack, the air velocity, and the presence of leakage apertures through which air can escape from the stack. Depending upon the construction of the device, one skilled in the art can, by simple experimentation, arrive at the combination required between the air velocity, amount of air blown in and blowing direction to achieve good separation. At the instant that the layer of air forms between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove the bottom sheet is discharged by the transport means 16. In these conditions it is particularly advantageous to pull the bottom sheet away beneath the stack at high acceleration. The sheet situated directly above said bottom sheet then remains behind due to mass inertia. Good results can be obtained with an accelaration from about 30 m/s². If the carrier is formed with apertures 13 in which a partial vacuum can be created as shown in Fig. 5, near the middle of the carrier as considered in the direction of transport of the sheets, then after the bottom sheet has been pulled away from said apertures 13 the air present between the sheet and the stack thereabove can be discharged so that the sheet situated directly above said sheet is conveyed rapidly to the carrier, whereafter said sheet is sucked against the carrier at the apertures in which there is a partial vacuum. After the bottom sheet has been discharged from the holder the drive for the transport means 16 is stopped. Some time is required before a new layer of air forms between the next sheet sucked against the carier and the stack and the next sheet can be transported. This time depends, inter alia, on the amount of air blown in, the air velocity and the stiffness of the sheets. It should be noted that during the discharge of the sheets one by one the partial vacuum in the various apertures of the carrier, the partial vacuum in the suction box 19 situated within the periphery of the transport belt 17, and the air supply to the stack can be maintained.

Claims: A device for discharging sheets one by one from the bottom of a stack of sheets, comprising a holder provided with a carrier said carrier having a deepened part and lateral supports, for a stack of sheets, means being provided for blowing air against the side edge of the stack, as considered with respect to the direction of transport of the sheets, in order to create a layer of air at least between the bottom sheet and the stack thereabove, transport means being provided to discharge the bottom sheet, the carrier (1) is provided with at least one aperture (10) in the vicinity of the deepest part beneath at least one edge portion of a side edge of a stack of sheets to be received, and the means for blowing air against the stack side edge are so disposed that the air flow is blown over the deepest part of the carrier (1), characterised in that the carrier (1) is sagged permanently transversely of the direction of sheet transport and that it is possible to create a partial vacuum in said at least one aperture (10). A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the carrier (1) near both side edges has at least one aperture (10) in the vicinity of the deepest part beneath the stack of sheets to be received, it being possible to create a partial vacuum in the aperture, and the means for blowing air against the stack side edge are so disposed that the air flow is blown over the deepest part of the carrier (1) against both side edges of the stack. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the apertures (10) extend either individually or jointly at least near the zone were air is effectively blown into the stack. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the part of the carrier (1) between the front edge and the middle as considered in the direction of transport is sagged permanently. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (1) is sagged in a deflected shape and the front part of the carrier as considered in the direction of tranport forms an obtuse angle with the rear part. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the front part of the carrier (1) as considered in the direction of transport forms an angle of 150 to 175° with the rear part. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (1) is provided with additional apertures (13) in which a partial vacuum can be created.

Inventors: LA VOS PETER GEORGE, VLIETSTRA SIETSE, LA VOS, PETER GEORGE, VLIETSTRA, SIETSE
Applicants: OCE NEDERLAND BV, OCE-NEDERLAND B.V.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: B65H3
IPC codes: B65H3