Adjusting apparatus for cathode ray tube equipment

Abstract: An adjusting apparatus for cathode ray tube equipment for convergence and/or image distortion adjustment includes a pattern generator (15) connected to a cathode ray tube (1) to be measured and which generates a predetermined pattern having a plurality of bars and a white area, a probe (4) attached to a front face (2) of the cathode ray tube (1) to be measured and which includes a photo detector (215) and a switch (SW) for starting measurement, an analogue-to-digital converter (6) connected to the probe (4), a measured data memory (7) connected to the analogue-to-digital converter (6) for storing data received by the probe (4) and a processor (8) for controlling the pattern generator (15), receiving data from the measured data memory (7), and calculating the data according to various measurement routines.

Description: This invention relates to adjusting apparatus for cathode ray tube (CRT) equipment. Characteristic parameters which may be adjusted include convergence, distortion of lines (also called bars) over time, and image distortion at each line location. Various types of convergence measuring apparatus of phase detection type have been proposed, which measure a convergence state of a colour CRT television receiver. One such apparatus is described in Japanese patent application number 63-310670 and includes a pattern generator, a photo sensor, and a processor. The pattern generator outputs a video signal to the colour CRT, and gradually shifts lines in the vertical or horizontal direction on an area of a tube face of the colour CRT, and generates a video signal which displays a white pattern on another area thereof. The photo sensor, disposed opposing the tube face, has a directional sensitivity capability with a uni-modal characteristic for detecting the light intensity values of each primary colour from the CRT screen. Data detected by the photo sensor are supplied to the processor which calculates a misconvergence quantity from the light intensity data of each primary colour derived on the basis of the output of the photo sensor. The photo sensor is disposed at an arbitrary position of the tube face of the colour CRT. The pattern generator displays the lines for the respective primary colours on the tube face of the colour CRT. The processor forms an envelope curve for each primary colour on the basis of the output of the photo sensor, to derive the position of the peak value of each envelope curve, and calculates a misconvergence quantity by comparing the positions of the peak values for each respective primary colour. The measurements of such misconvergence quantities as described above are carried out at a plurality of positions on the tube face of the colour CRT by manually changing the position of the photo sensor on the tube face. The structure of a photo sensor as described above includes a casing having an opaque main body casing and a transparent glass forming one end of the main body casing. A light receiving element is disposed within the end of the casing, the light receiving element detecting incident light via the transparent glass, a face of the glass being constituted as a contact face. Thus, the light receiving element detects light emitted from the tube face when the photo sensor is disposed so as to bring the contact face thereof into tight contact with the tube face of the CRT. It is noted that it is necessary to measure the image distortion as well as convergence when television receivers are assembled. A CRT displays an image when fluorescent irradiating points emit light from the CRT tube face after being energised by an electron beam. Therefore, an appropriate image cannot be achieved when the direction of the electron beam is deviated from a desired position due to aging or other causes. Hence, to correct such problems, lines in the vertical and/or horizontal direction are generated on the tube face of the CRT to measure distortion of lines over time (time distortion, or time lapse distortion) at respective positions on the CRT tube face, and to adjust the positions of lines on the basis of the measurement results so that no distortion occurs. It is noted that for line distortion measurements, the positions of lines are measured with a scale arranged on the tube face or with a quality control (QC) scope. The previously proposed convergence measuring apparatus has the following drawbacks. Since the dimensions and thicknesses of tube faces are different in various makes and modes of colour CRTs, intervals between lines and the distance between the irradiating points on the tube face and the photo sensor are different according to the make and/or model of the colour CRT. Therefore, since the directional sensitivity capability of the photo sensor has a constant uni-modal characteristic, the difference between the detected maximum value and the detected minimum value of light intensity data becomes inaccurate in a case when the line interval with respect to the distance between the fluorescent screen and photo sensor is not held to a predetermined constant. An envelope curve derived by interpolation of the detected output of the photo sensor will be distorted with respect to a sinusoidal waveform. When the envelope curve is distorted, the position of an accurate peak value cannot be calculated and an erroneous misconvergence quantity will be derived. A white area is provided on the tube face (screen) of the CRT so as to suppress voltage variations in the area of the CRT which is displaying colour(s), to allow more accurate measurement of colour characteristics. It is noted that when lines of green (G), red (R), and blue (B) only are displayed, the beam current voltage of the colour CRT changes. Therefore, a positional change in the colour electron peak occurs. Consequently, the white area needs to be provided to prevent voltage fluctuation during measurement of the CRT. However, since measurements cannot be made on the white area of the tube face, it is necessary to change the location of the white area as different portions of the tube face are being tested. This operation is carried out by, for example, an operator keying change data for the white area through a keyboard. Consequently, such measurements are time consuming and the operation is troublesome. Additionally, a longer time is also required to measure convergence. For example, the following measurement time is required to calculate a single misconvergence quantity during measurement; suppose that the number of samples required to form the envelope curve of any one of green, red, or blue is S, and a unit of time for line shift is t. The light intensity data for each of green, red, and blue is sampled. The measurement time for the misconvergence quantity of either the vertical or horizontal direction is expressed as follows: T (measurement time) = 3 (three colours) x S (the number of samples) x t (unit shift time). In order to improve the measurement accuracy, it is necessary to increase the number of samples (S). However, an increase in the number of samples means an increase in the measurement time. An irrefutable relationship exists between measurement accuracy and measurement time. Unit shift time (t), however, cannot be set any faster due to the functional limitations of such a measuring apparatus. Furthermore, the brightness of lines is often reduced due to video frequency instability early in the measurement, due to transient characteristics of the video circuit, the pattern generator and the colour CRT, etc. Therefore, initially, light intensity data are detected at a value lower than its actual value due to error in the detected output of the photo sensor (light intensity date). When error is present in the light intensity data, the position of a peak value derived from the light intensity data will be deviated and the measurement accuracy is lowered. In addition, the photo sensor of the previously proposed measuring apparatus has a number of drawbacks; When the contact face of the photo sensor is pressed against the tube face of the CRT, the contact face is inclined and contacted with the tube face. If the horizontal axis n of the contact face must be disposed so as to be vertical with respect to the tube face, it is troublesome for an operator to bring the contact face into correct alignment with the tube face due to the slightly rounded surface of most CRT screens. Once the contact face is in tight contact with the tube face of the CRT, the casing may be easily displaced while being handled by an operator. Such displacement causes variations in the positions of the contact face 232 and the light receiving element 231 such that the photo sensor may erroneously detect the position of the lines described above. Finally, the previously proposed line distortion measuring apparatus has the following drawback, that is to say, measurement by scale and QC scope cannot measure line distortion with high accuracy since the operator must manually read a graduated scale affixed to the CRT which itself has a certain thickness. This, when coupled with the curved surface of the CRT can lead to misreading due to the operator's viewing angle, the portion of the screen being read, etc. Since highly accurate CRTs are now demanded, the above-described devices prove increasingly inadequate. As the burdens of measurement and scale reading are imposed on the operator, it becomes desirable to find a way to measure line distortion in CRT equipment in the simplest, most efficient way possible. This invention provides an adjusting apparatus for cathode ray tube equipment, the apparatus comprising: a pattern generator which generates a predetermined pattern and is connected to a cathode ray tube under test; a probe for positioning on a front face of said cathode ray tube and which comprises a photo detector for generating a light intensity signal in response to said pattern displayed on said cathode ray tube under test, and a switch for starting measurement; an analogue-to-digital converter connected to said probe for digitizing said light intensity signal; a data memory connected to said analogue-to-digital converter for storing data representing said digitized light intensity signal; and a processor which controls said pattern generated by said pattern generator, receives data from said data memory, and calculates measurement data therefrom indicative of the convergence of said cathode ray tube under test; wherein said probe further comprises a body including said switch, a light detector holder which holds said photodetector and is held movably with respect to said body around a pivot, and bias means for biasing said light detector holder away from said body, said light detector holder having a contact face, facing away from said pivot, for positioning against said front face of said cathode ray tube under test. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, throughout which like parts are referred to by like references, and in which: Figure 1 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data including measurement error in a measuring apparatus for colour CRT equipment, described in Japanese patent application number 63-310670; Figure 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a photo sensor (probe) used in the measuring apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a circuit block diagram of a convergence measuring apparatus for colour CRT equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an overall perspective view of the apparatus of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a cross sectional view of a relationship between a CRT tube face and a photo sensor; Figure 6 is a characteristic graph of the directive sensitivity characteristic of a photo sensor; Figure 7 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data for a CRT received by a photo sensor; Figure 8 is a characteristic graph of light intensity when a modulation factor (MD) of the light intensity from a CRT received by a photo sensor is appropriate; Figure 9 is a characteristic graph of light intensity when the MD of the light from a CRT received by a photo sensor is relatively small; Figure 10 is a characteristic graph of light intensity when the MD of the light from a CRT received by a photo sensor is relatively large; Figure 11 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data received by a photo sensor including data generated from a dummy line in the measuring apparatus in the preferred embodiment; Figure 12 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data received by the photo sensor at a certain phase (A phase) of a phase interlace; Figure 13 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data received by the photo sensor at another phase (B phase) of the phase interlace; Figure 14 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data in a case where the number of samples is two, due to phase interlace; Figure 15 is an elevational view of a CRT in which a white area and lines are displayed; Figure 16 is an elevational view of a CRT in which the lines are arranged without phase interlace; Figure 17 is an elevational view of a CRT in which the lines are arranged with phase interlace; Figure 18 is an operational flow chart for a measurement routine in the embodiment; Figure 19 is an elevational view of a CRT when a positional relationship between the white area and lines is changed according to activation of a white area change program; Figure 20 is a characteristic graph of light intensity data received by the photo sensor in a case where the photo sensor is disposed on the white area; Figure 21 is an elevational view of a pattern displayed on a CRT in a case where sensitivity calibration is carried out; Figure 22 is a perspective view of a photo sensor used for sensitivity calibration; Figure 23 is an elevational view of a CRT when a line pattern is displayed by means of a line distortion measuring apparatus; Figure 24 is a circuit block diagram of a line distortion measuring apparatus; Figure 25 is an elevational view of a CRT in which a line pattern is displayed by means of a line distortion measuring apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 26 is an operational flow chart of a time lapse effect measuring apparatus in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 27 is an operational flow chart of the line distortion measuring apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 28 is a vertical cross sectional view, with portions broken away, of a photo detecting probe; Figure 29 is an elevational view of the photo detecting probe of Figure 28; Figure 30A is an explanatory view of an action of a force on a photo element holder portion of the photo detecting probe; Figure 30B is an explanatory view of an action of a force on the photo element holder portion of the photo detecting probe; Figure 30C is an explanatory view of an action of a force on the photo element holder portion of the photo detecting probe; and Figure 31 is a vertical cross sectional view, with portions broken away, of the photo detecting probe of Figure 28 in an operational mode. Before explaining the preferred embodiment of the CRT convergence measuring apparatus, a light intensity data measured using a previously proposed CRT convergence measuring apparatus and a structure of a photo sensor disclosed in the Japanese patent application number 63-310670 described above will be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2. As shown in Figure 1, initial light intensity data, measured by the previously proposed photo sensor, and shown in Figure 1 is deviated towards a lower value than its real value due to error in the detected output of the photo sensor at the time of a first frame A, since the brightness of lines is often reduced due to transient characteristics of a video circuit, pattern generator, and colour CRT. In Figure 1, the lateral axis denotes frame switching times. Figure 2 shows the structure of the photo sensor in the previously proposed CRT convergence measuring apparatus. Referring to Figure 2, the above-described photo sensor includes a casing 230 having an opaque main body casing 230a and a transparent glass 230b forming one end of the main body casing 230a. A light receiving element 231 is disposed within the end of the casing 230, the light receiving element 231 detecting incident light via the transparent glass 230b, a face of the glass 230b being formed as a contact face 232. Thus, the light receiving element 231 detects light emitted from the tube face 202 when the photo sensor is disposed so as to bring the contact face 232 thereof into tight contact with the tube face 202 of the CRT. As described above, the photo sensor used in the previously proposed measuring apparatus has a number of drawbacks. When the contact face 232 of the photo sensor is pressed against the tube face 202 of the CRT, the contact face 232 is inclined and contacts the tube face 202a. If the horizontal axis n of the contact face 232 must be disposed so as to be vertical with respect to the tube face 202 it is troublesome for an operator to bring the contact face 232 into correct alignment with the tube face 232 due to the slightly rounded surface of most CRT screens. Once the contact face 232 is in tight contact with the tube face 202 of the CRT, the casing 230 may easily be displaced in the arrow-marked directions in Figure 2 while being handled by an operator, and such slight displacement causes variations in the positions of the contact face 232 and the light receiving element 231 such that the photo sensor may erroneously detect the position of the lines described above. A preferred embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a convergence measuring apparatus will now be described. Figure 3 shows a circuit block diagram of a colour CRT convergence measuring apparatus of the preferred embodiment. Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the convergence measuring apparatus A in a measurement state. A colour CRT 1 is incorporated into a television receiver B to be measured, the tube face 2 of the colour CRT being exposed. A signal cable 3 of the convergence measuring apparatus A is connected to a video signal input terminal in the television receiver B so that a video image is displayed on the tube face 2 in response to a video signal from the convergence measuring apparatus A. The convergence measuring apparatus A has a photo sensor 4 connected to a main body of the apparatus A via a cable. The photo sensor 4 is disposed so as to oppose the tube face 2 at a contact position on the tube face 2. Figure 28 shows a cross sectional view of the photo sensor 4 of Figure 4, and Figure 29 shows an elevational end view. The photo sensor 4 includes a main probe body 206 and a photo element holder 207 arranged at an end of the main probe body 206. The outer surface of the main probe body 206 is enclosed is a cylindrical casing 208 and a hole 209 is formed at the centre of the end of the casing 208. A signal processing circuit (not shown) is installed within the casing 208. The output of the signal processing circuit is transmitted via a cable 204. In additional, a push switch SW for activating a light receiving element 215 is fixed and arranged at the end of the casing 208. The switch SW includes a main switch body 210 and a switch rod 211 projecting from the main switch body 210. The switch rod 211 is movable and is biased in the fully extended direction by means of a spring (not shown). When the switch SW is pressed downward against the spring force, it is turned on. The end of the switch rod 211 retracts into the main probe body 206 through the hole 209. A bushing 212 is installed between the switch rod 211 and the casing 208 to support the switch rod 211. The photo element holder 207 is a cylindrical envelope having the same diameter as the main probe body 206. A casing 213 thereof includes an opaque main casing body 213a and a glass window 213b enclosing the end of the main casing body 213a. A light receiving element 214 containing the light receiving element 215 is formed within the casing 213. The light receiving element 215 receives incident light via the window 213b. The output of the light receiving element 215 is transmitted to the signal processing circuit. Three screw holes 216 are formed on the side opposite to the window 213b of the casing 213a at intervals of 120 ° . Three screws 217 project from their corresponding screw holes 216 and the end of each screw 217 is threaded into the end of the casing 208 of the main probe body 206. Hence, movement of the screw 217 along an axis n is limited to the range in which a head 217a of a screw 217 may slide within a screw head retaining cavity 216a formed between the casing 213a and the window 213b. In addition, since the diameter of each screw hole 216 is formed so as to provide a clearance between the screw hole 216 and the screw 217, the photo element holder 207 is constructed so as to enable a swinging motion with respect to the axis n in a range corresponding to the extent to which the screw 217 can be moved according to the clearance provided in the screw hole 216. This compensates for curvature of the CRT screen when the window 213b contacts it. The end of the switch rod 211 contacts the centre of the facing surface 213a1 of the casing 213. The photo element holder 207 is pushed in a direction away from the main probe body 206 by the spring force of the switch rod 211 which functions as a pushing means. Forward facing projections 218 are provided on the edge of the annular front of the photo element holder 207, spaced equally at intervals of 120 o around the circumference thereof, projecting slightly beyond the front surface of the window 213b. A rubber member is installed over each projection 218 and the tip of the rubber member serves as a contact face 219 which contacts the face of a colour CRT to be tested. The contact face 219 makes positional error difficult, since it is a rubber material having a high frictional resistance and contacts the tube face so as to keep the photo-element holder 207 in a fixed positional relationship with respect to the tube face of the colour CRT. Operation of the measuring apparatus will now be described. An operator grasping the main probe body 206, presses the contact face 219 against the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1. As shown in Figure 31, pressing against the stationary tube face 2 causes the photo element holder 207 to be displaced with respect to the main probe body 206. The switch SW is turned on by the switch rod 211 being pressed inward. With the contact face 219 pressed against the tube face 2, the photo element holder 207 is moved to a position in which the counter force from the tube face 2 and the pressing force F of the switch rod 211 are balanced. Therefore, the contact face 219 of the photo element holder 207 is pressed against the tube face 2 with the pressing force F. Even if the axis n of the main probe body 206 is not exactly perpendicular to the surface of the tube face 2, the axis of the photo element holder 207 will incline according to the clearance allowed by the screw holes 216, and the screw head retaining cavity 216a, so as to meet the surface of the tube face 2 perpendicularly, to maintain an accurate position for testing. Hence the photo sensor 4 is disposed in the correct detecting position. In addition, even although the main probe body 206 may be displaced or inclined relative the axis n, as shown by arrows in Figure 31, due to handling movements or external vibrations, the photo element holder 207 is not affected by these disturbances, since it is tiltable relative the main body holder 206, so as to maintain alignment of the axis n with respect to the tube face 2. Hence, since the contact face 219 is tightly pressed against the tube face 2, the light receiving element 215 is held stationary, so erroneous detection does not occur. Figures 30A to 30C show the action of the force F of the switch rod 211 imposed on the light element holder 207. In Figure 30A, suppose that the width of the light element holder 207 is D, the point of application of the switch rod 211 is O, and points of reactions from the tube face 2 are a, b, and c (c not shown). Since the direction of pressure F derived from the switch rod 211 coincides with the axis n of the main probe body 206, compressive force is applied to all lines if the force F is applied within the range (central angle ) enclosed by lines Oa, Ob, and Oc (not shown), in this condition all of the contact faces 219 will firmly contact the tube face 2. See also Figure 30B where the direction of pressure F is only slightly non-coincident with the axis n. In Figure 30C however, a pressing force is applied out of the range (centre angle ) enclosed by lines Oa, line Ob and line Oc (not shown). In this example, a tensile force is created along line Ofa, resulting in an insufficient compression force fb being exerted on line Ob, consequently the contact point 219 which corresponds to b will float from the tube face 2. Hence, as the centre angle  becomes larger, the stability of the light element holder 207 is increased. Hence, it is preferable to reduce the width D of the photo element holder 207 or to widen intervals between the points a, b, and c. However, if the intervals between the points are widened substantially, it becomes difficult to measure at locations near the corners of the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1 owing to the increased circumference of the photo element holder 207, which would result if the distances between the points a, b and c widened. Hence, it is preferable to reduce the width D of the light element holder 207 rather than increase its circumference. Although the above described probe is applicable to a convergence measuring apparatus, it may also be applied to any apparatus which carries out detection via contact with a surface. Hence, the present invention is applicable to cases where measurement is made using a luminous element and a photo coupler as the photo element according to certain kinds of measurement. Figure 5 shows a cross sectional view indicating a positional relationship between a tube face 2 and the photo sensor 4. In Figure 5, the tube face 2 has a fluorescent portion 2b disposed on the inner surface of the panel glass 2a. When the electron beam of the CRT irradiates the fluorescent portion 2b, the fluorescent portion 2b emits light. In addition, a microswitch SW installed on the photo sensor 4 is turned on when the photo sensor 4 is contacted with the tube face 2. Measurement is started in response to an ON signal from the microswitch SW. At this time, the operational flow chart shown in Figure 18 is executed. A diagram of the directional sensitivity characteristic of the photo sensor 4 is shown in Figure 6. The horizontal axis denotes an incident angle (degrees) of light incident on the photo sensor 4 from the tube face 2 of the CRT 1, and the vertical axis denotes the intensity of the incident light from the photo sensor 4 at each incident angle. The light intensity value defined as 100% is a relative value referring to an intensity of light received when the incident angle is 0 o . As shown in Figure 6, the directional sensitivity characteristic of the photo sensor 4 is a maximum when the incident angle is 0 o . As the absolute value of the incident angle becomes large, the light intensity becomes small. Therefore, the directional sensitivity characteristic is a so-called uni-modal characteristic, which indicated 0% when the absolute value of the detected incident angle is approximately 20 o . Figure 3 shows a circuit block diagram of the colour CRT testing and adjusting apparatus A. In Figure 3, the output from the photo sensor 4 (light intensity data) is supplied to an A/D converter 6 via an amplifier 5 and digitised by means of the A/D converter 6. The digitised light intensity data are written into a measured data memory 7 on the basis of a write signal derived from a central processing unit (CPU) 8. The CPU 8 controls the read and write of a calculating memory 9 and a program memory 10 as well as the data memory 7. The CPU 8 outputs a write control signal to the data memory 7 at a predetermined time, corresponding to the frame switching interval of the video signal, in order to write the light intensity data from the photo sensor 4 into the data memory 7. However, during measurement start-up, the CPU 8 outputs the write control signal only on receiving the second set of light intensity data (that is, the output from a given line during its second video frame). The first line pattern output in the first frame during measurement start-up is considered a dummy line, and the output detected from the dummy line is excluded from the measurement data. The calculating memory 9 stores the calculated data required when various kinds of data are processed. The program memory 10 stores data for executing the measurement program, modulation factor calculating program, white area change program, line interval automatic correction program, misconvergence quantity calculating program, and the display program. The contents of each program will be described below. The CPU 8 drives and controls a line interval controlling portion 11, a white area generating portion 12, and a display portion 13 in accordance with each program. It will be understood that each of such "portions" is a sub-routine carried out by the CPU 8. The CPU 8 includes a modulation factor calculating program and a misconvergence quantity calculating program. The modulation factor calculating program lists the maximum value MAX and minimum value MIN from among the light intensity data of a primary colour (green, for example) measured at the initial stage, and calculates the modulation factor F by executing the equation: F = (MAX - MIN) / (MAX + MIN) If the value of the modulation factor F falls in a range from 0.2 to 0.6 (Figure 9), the CPU 8 determines that it is appropriate. If it is not in this range (Figure 10), the CPU 8 determines that it is not appropriate. When the CPU 8 determines that it is not appropriate, the modulation factor data are supplied to the line interval calculating portion 11. In the preferred embodiment, the modulation factor calculating program determines the modulation factor F from the difference between the maximum value and minimum value of the light intensity data. However, the modulation factor F (MD) can be determined from the state of an envelope curve of the light intensity data (for example, the difference between the maximum value and minimum value of the curve and inclined angle). If the value of the modulation factor F is substantially zero, (indicating that the sensor is positioned on the white area - Figure 19) the CPU 8 transmits a white area change command to the white area setting portion 12. The white area setting portion 12 specifies the white area of the screen. In the preferred embodiment, either a right half portion or a left half portion of the tube face 2 is set as the white area. With a white area change command supplied from the CPU 8, white area data are output to the colour CRT 1 which displays a white area position opposite the presently set area (Figure 15). The line interval setting portion 11 outputs line interval data determining an interval δ between the lines displayed on the tube face 2 (Figure 15). If the value of the modulation factor F from the CPU 8 is in the appropriate range of 0.2 to 0.6, line interval data are output which correspond to the value of the modulation factor F. In a case where a line interval automatic correction program is not provided, the value of the modulation factor is displayed for manually correcting the line interval. In a case where the line interval has to be manually corrected, the appropriate data is input through a keyboard 14. Data input through the keyboard 14 can also be used to update data through the calculating memory 9 and the program memory 10. A pattern generator 15 inputs the line interval data and white area data via the CPU 8. The pattern generator 15 also generates and outputs a video signal which respectively shifts a plurality of lines of the colour being tested across the CRT screen by 1/N per frame, with the interval between each coloured line in the display being maintained at a constant screen area interval of δ , in an area of the tube face other than the white area. That is to say, as shown in Figure 16, the arrangement of lines is shifted 1/N per frame, advanced as in the positions denoted by the sequence of solid to dotted to double dotted to triple dotted lines. In addition, such a line pattern can be prepared in two phases, A phase and B phase, in which line positions alternate, the line position of one phase being arranged adjacent the other. Specifically, suppose, for example, that the line solid positions shown in Figure 17 are A phase, and the intermediate line positions (dotted lines in Figure 17) are the line positions of the B phase, with the line patterns of both A and B phases being supplied respectively for the testing of each primary colour (red, green, and blue constitute the primary colours for the subtractive colour method used for colour television and/or CRTs). For each primary colour, the pattern generator 15 transmits alternate lines of each phase to the CRT 1. The pattern generator 15 repeatedly outputs the line pattern in this order. When the line pattern is generated on the tube face 2, the detected output of the photo sensor 4 is such that the light intensities at the time at which a frame is switched (A, B, C, D, a, b, c, d, , .... in Figures 11 to 14) indicated discrete light intensity data which exhibit characteristics similar to alternating current waveforms as shown in Figures 12 and 13. The misconvergence quantity calculating program can interpolate discrete light intensity data (shown in Figure 7) read from the data memory 7 for conversion into a light intensity envelope curve which changes precisely as shown in the broken line of Figure 8 to detect a point of time (position) at which the peak value of light intensity (envelope curve peak) for each primary colour is achieved. The misconvergence quantity is the difference in the time in which a peak value of light intensity for red, green and blue can be achieved. In the preferred embodiment, the line pattern includes two phases, an A phase and a B phase. The misconvergence quantity calculating program carries out arithmetic averaging of the misconvergence quantity of the presently input phase in relation to the previously input misconvergence quantity to calculate an average misconvergence quantity. Therefore, the misconvergence quantity calculating program calculates an average misconvergence quantity by arithmetically averaging the misconvergence quantity in the case of the presently measured A (or B) phase and that of the previously measured B (or A) phase. The photo sensor 4 can be placed at an arbitrary position on an area of the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1 other than the white area. The measurement time can principally be four frame intervals. In addition, the pattern generator 15 can generate lines in the vertical or horizontal direction. The action of the above-described CRT testing and adjusting apparatus will be explained with reference to an operational flow chart of Figure 18. Beginning at step 300, when the photo sensor 4 is brought into contact with the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1, the microswitch SW is turned on. In response to the ON signal of the microswitch SW at step 302, the CPU 8 first executes the modulation factor calculating program at step 304. That is to say, the control signal of the CPU 8 causes the line interval data of the line interval calculating portion 11, and the white area data of the white area setting portion 12 to be transmitted to the pattern generator 15. The pattern generator 15 generates a video signal on the basis of this data. Upon start-up of the pattern generator 15, a green line of the A phase is the initial frame displayed on the tube face 2, arranged on an area of the tube face other than the white area, as shown in Figure 19. While the line is shifted at each frame, the light intensity data for each shift (Figure 12) is fetched into the data memory 7. The CPU 8 does not output the write signal when the first line pattern light intensity data are fetched after the start of measurement. Only the second and subsequent light intensity data after the start of measurement are written into the data memory 7, as shown in Figure 11. At least four frames of light intensity data are required to calculate the modulation factor. When green light intensity data (G1, G2, G3, ....) of at least four frames are fetched, the modulation factor calculating program calculates the modulation factor of the light intensity data. At step 306, if the CPU 8 determines that the value (MD) of the modulation factor is substantially zero (sensor is on the white area), the white area change program is initiated at step 310 to change the white area position. That is to say, in a case where the photo sensor 4 is arranged on the white area (Figure 15), the light intensity data indicates that all data values are substantially the same as shown in Figure 20 and MD is substantially zero. Then, a white area change command is supplied from the modulation factor calculating program to the white area setting portion 12 at step 310. The white area setting portion 12 supplies white area data different from those derived so far to the pattern generator 15, so that the video display on tube face 2 is switched as shown by comparing Figures 15 and 19. At step 308, the CPU 8 determines if MD is between 0.2 and 0.6. If not, the line interval automatic correction program is initiated at step 312 to correct the line interval δ . For example, in a case where the photo sensor 4 measures an area other than the white area as shown in Figure 15, and the line interval δ is narrower than an appropriate value, the light intensity data would read as shown in Figure 9 indicating that MD is below 0.2 (0.1, for example). On the contrary, in a case where the line interval is wider than the most appropriate (optimum) value, the light intensity data would read as shown in Figure 10 that MD is above 0.6 (0.7, for example). In each of these cases MD is supplied by the CPU 8 at step 312 to the line interval calculating portion 11 so that an appropriate line interval can be calculated, according to MD, and supplied to the pattern generator 15. Upon completion of the white area change program at step 310 and line interval automatic correction program at step 312, if the MD falls in the range of 0.2 to 0.6, the routine is transferred to the measurement program at step 314 without initialisation of other programs. In the measurement program, lines of green, red and blue are displayed on the tube face 2 in that order. The data memory 7 stores the detected light intensity data as shown in Figure 7 for each of the green, red and blue lines. The order of measurement (by frame) for green, red and blue in the preferred embodiment are: green, G1 -- G2 -- G3 -- G4. Thereafter, red, R1 -- R2 -- R3 -- R4 --, and finally, for blue, B1 -- B2 -- B3 -- B4. This order is adopted for testing convenience, however, a measurement sequence of G1 -- R1 -- B1 -- G2 ---R2 -- B2 -- G3 -- R3 -- B3, can also be implemented to reduce jitter at low frequencies (by several times 10 Hz). If the value of the modulation factor for the initially displayed green frame in the modulation factor calculating program falls in the range of 0.2 to 0.6, the light intensity data of green are directly adopted as a true value thereof, so that the measurement program continues measurement only for red and blue. Next, the misconvergence quantity calculating program is executed at step 318. The mlsconvergence quantity calculating program calculates the difference between a time position at which a peak green light intensity is achieved and the time positions at which peaks for red and blue light intensities are achieved, that is, the misconvergence quantity (A1). Since calculation of the misconvergence quantity begins after the first frame of measurement, in which the brightness of the line would be less than the true value as explained above, an accurate misconvergence quantity can be derived. When the first misconvergence quantity (A1) is calculated, the display program is executed and the misconvergence quantity is displayed at step 320 on the display portion 13. As will be explained hereinafter, this sequence is repeated for each colour and phase. Thereafter, the CPU 8 ends this program at step 322. Unlike the measurement program, which is concerned only with light intensity, during calculation of the misconvergence quantity, lines of each phase must be considered separately as well as the combined light intensities of the three primary colours. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment the display outputs a series of green, red and blue lines on the screen simultaneously. The measurement cycle (4 frames) is as follows: lines of G1 (A phase), R1 (A phase), B1 (A phase) are output for four frames; followed by, G2 (B phase), R2 (B phase), B2 (B phase) in the next four frames, and; four frames of G3 (A phase), R3 (A phase), B3 (A phase), then; another four frames of G4 (B phase), R4 (B phase), B4 (B phase). This can be continued as necessary. Upon completion of the first measurement cycle, (four frames of G, R and B of the A phase), the pattern generator 15 displays the next cycle, which is a line pattern of the B phase. These light intensity data (Figure 13) are fetched into the data memory 7. Thereafter, a second misconvergence quantity (B1) is calculated on the basis of the B phase light intensity data. In addition, the misconvergence quantity calculating program calculates (A1 + B1)/2 to derive an average mlsconvergence quantity, the average misconvergence quantity also being displayed on the display portion 13. It is noted that in a case where during the calculation of the average misconvergence quantity, an abnormal value may be indicated due to unexpected motion of the photo sensor 4, these misconvergence data is not added to the average data. In this way, when the third measurement (line pattern of A phase), fourth measurement (line pattern of B phase), .... and so on, are carried out, the measurement result are displayed as shown in the following table on the display portion 13. Average Misconvergence Quantity First A1 Second B1 ( (A1 + B1)/2) Third A2 ( (B1 + A2)/2) Fourth B2 ( (A2 + B2)/2) ---- ---- Since the average misconvergence quantity is, as shown in the Table, derived for each measurement of each phase, misconvergence data can be complied in a short period of time. Then, although the first measurement indicates only the misconvergence quantity derived from the A phase line pattern (four samples), the average misconvergence quantities are, thereafter, derived from the line patterns of A phase and B phase (eight samples). Consequently, the average misconvergence quantities obtained use twice as many samples as light intensity measurements (as shown in Figure 14) and very accurate data thereof can be achieved. It is noted that the misconvergence quantity can be displayed on the colour CRT 1 to be measured. The horizontal and vertical misconvergence quantities can be measured by measuring the line state in both the horizontal and vertical directions, according to the output of the signal generator, without moving the photo sensor 4 from its position on the tube face 2. It is noted that although, in the preferred embodiment, the pattern generator 15 generates line patterns of two phases A phase and B phase, the pattern generator 15 can be made to generate line patterns of more than two phases (A phase, B phase, and C phase, ....). In this case, the average misconvergence quantity is calculated using the equation of (A + B + C + ....)/2. It is also noted that although in the preferred embodiment the white area setting portion 12 is constructed so as to set either one of the right half portion or the left half portion of the tube face 2 as the white area, a range which is sufficient to suppress voltage variations of the colour CRT 1 except at the point at which the photo sensor 4 is arranged can be set as the white area. Therefore, the dimensions and location of the white area are widely variable. Furthermore, although in the preferred embodiment the pattern generator 15 generates a plurality of lines at constant intervals, only a single line need be displayed and the single line can gradually be shifted by a predetermined distance. Although, in the preferred embodiment, the write signal supplied by the CPU 8 to the data memory 7 is controlled so that the first line after the start of measurement is considered a dummy line, light intensity data from the first frame of measurement are nevertheless fetched into the measured data memory 7 without control of the write signal of the CPU 8. However, these date are not used for the calculation of the misconvergence quantity. There can also be various alternative means which can be provided to regard the line(s) in the first frame of measurement as a dummy line. In addition, although in the preferred embodiment, only the first frame after the start of measurement is a dummy line, two or more frames after the start of measurement can serve as dummy lines according to the user's requirements, with the circuit characteristics of the video circuit and the colour CRT 1 taken into account. It is also noted that when, in the preferred embodiment, an ON signal of a microswitch SW is input, the CPU 8 immediate executes the modulation factor calculating program. However, the modulation factor calculating program can be delayed, to be executed 0.1 to 0.5 seconds after the ON signal is inputted. Since the photo sensor 4 is stably positioned at a position on the tube face 2 when the ON signal of the microswitch SW is inputted, erroneous measurement can be prevented. Figure 21 shows a front view of the CRT 2 of a television receiver B when a sensitivity calibration is carried out. In Figure 21, if a sensitivity calibration program is selected through a key of the keyboard 14, the sensitivity calibration program is executed so that line patterns 130 at appropriate intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions are displayed on the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1 (each interval is ten times the line interval at the time of measurement program). Each line interval is measured and the measurement data is input through the keyboard 14. Figures 22 and 23 show modifications of other sensitivity calibrating means. The length of the photo sensor 4 is formed at a constant dimension as shown in Figure 22. When the sensitivity calibrating program is selected, two longitudinal lines are displayed on the tube face 2 of the colour CRT 1. In addition, one of the two lines can be shifted in the right and left directions by a shift key 1a on the keyboard 14. However, as shown in Figure 23, when the sensitivity calibrating program is selected by a key of the keyboard 14, two lines are displayed on the tube face 2 of the CRT 1. Next, when the photo sensor 4 is pressed lengthwise against the tube face 2 as shown in Figure 23, one line is moved through the shift key 14a, so that two lines are respectively positioned at either side of the contact surface of the photo sensor 4. That is to say, the length of the photo sensor 4 is used as a unit of measurement. Additionally, since the light receiving face 4a is formed on the detecting face of the photo sensor 4 as shown in Figure 22, three supporting pads 4b project from an outer periphery of the light receiving face 4a. Since each pad 4b is formed of a rubber material, the photo sensor 4 will not be deviated when contacted with the tube face 2. Next, another preferred embodiment in which the present invention is applied to line distortion measurement will be explained with reference to the related drawings. Figure 24 shows a rough sketch and block diagram of the line distortion measuring apparatus in this preferred embodiment. In Figure 24, a pattern generator 101 receives line interval data from a CPU 111. At this time, the pattern generator 101 generates a video signal of a line pattern 106 (as shown in Figure 25) such that bars are arranged at constant intervals in both the horizontal and vertical directions, forming a grid pattern, and outputs the video signal to a CRT 102. The CRT 102 to be measured/adjusted can be built-in to a television receiver and a light detecting portion 104 is attached onto the tube face 103 of the CRT 102. The light detecting portion 104 has the same outer diameter as the tube face 103 and has a frame body 105 in a quartered rectangle shape, that is, a square frame quartered by two cross-pieces set perpendicularly to each other. A plurality of photo sensors S1 to S21 are fixed on the frame body 105 at constant intervals. The photo sensors S1 to S21 are arranged at accurate intervals provided in straight lines both horizontally and vertically along the tube face 103. In addition, each photo sensor S1 to S21 is arranged so as to make tight contact therewith (refer to Figure 5). The output signal (light intensity data) of each photo sensor S1 to S21 introduced into a multiple A/D converter 108 via a multiple amplifier 107. The amplifier 107 and the A/D converter 108 amplify and digitise the detected output signal of each photo sensor simultaneously and supply the digitised light intensity data to a selector 109. When an output control signal is supplied from the CPU 111 to the selector 109, the digitised input light intensity data are selected in a predetermined sequence and are serially supplied to a memory 110 and the CPU 111. Writing and reading to and from the memory 110 is controlled on the basis of write and read control signals supplied by the CPU 111. Similarly, the write and read to and from another memory 112 is controlled through the CPU 111. The memory 112 stores arithmetic operation data necessary for arithmetic processing of each kind of data, as well as program data for executing a time distortion measurement program and an image distortion measurement program. The contents of these programs will be explained below. The CPU 111 is programmed to carry out the above-described functions as well as a time quantity calculating program and a line position calculating program. The time distortion quantity calculating program calculates a difference between reference data and comparison data. All reference light intensity data supplied are measured first and supplied to the memory 110. Comparison data are measured in a second measurement cycle and supplied to the memory 112. The difference data are supplied to the display circuit 113 together with line position data, for display on the tube face 103. The line position calculating program derives line position with respect to each photo sensor S1 to S21 and from the light intensity data (measurement data) fetched into the memory 110. Specifically, the distance data are calculated on the basis of the converted data stored in the memory 112 (data corresponding to the light intensity data and to the distance from each photo sensor to the displayed line). The distance data are supplied to a display circuit 113 together with the positional data to be displayed on the tube face 103. Alternatively, the line position calculating program can calculate the difference data with respect to reference data supplied from one of the photo sensors S1 to S21 arranged in a straight line on the tube face, and can supply the difference data and positional data to the display circuit 113. The display circuit 113 generates a video signal to display the supplied positional data and difference or distance data in a numerical form or figure form. In addition, a signal is input from a keyboard 115 into the CPU 111. The keyboard 116 serves to command measurement start/end and to select the time distortion measurement program or image distortion measurement program. Figure 5 shows a cross sectional view of a positional relationship between the tube face and a photo sensor. The tube face 2 has a fluorescent portion 2b on an inner portion of a glass panel 2a. When electron beams (denoted by arrows) are irradiated on the fluorescent portion 2b, the fluorescent portion 2b emits light. Figure 6 shows a directive sensitivity characteristic diagram for each photo sensor. In Figure 6, the horizontal axis denotes an incident angle (degrees) of light incident on each photo sensor from the tube face 103 and the vertical axis denotes an intensity of incident light onto each photo sensor at each incident angle (a light intensity of 100% being when the incident angle is 0°). A position at which the incident angle is 0° denotes a line directly opposing the position of the photo sensor. The directive sensitivity characteristic of each photo sensor is a maximum when the incident angle indicates 0°. As the absolute value of the incident angle becomes large, the light intensity becomes abruptly reduced. The directive sensitivity characteristic thereof exhibits a uni-modal characteristic such that the absolute value of the light incident angle indicates substantially 0% when the incident angle becomes substantially 20°. The operation of the above-described line distortion measuring/adjusting apparatus will be described below. As shown in the program flow charge of Figure 26, when the operator uses the keyboard 115 to select the time distortion measurement program, the CPU 111, at step ST 1 transmits the line interval data to the pattern generator 101 so that the line pattern 106 is displayed on the tube face 103 of the CRT 102 (Figure 25). Each light sensor S1 to S21 detects light emitted from a single (adjacent) line. Each detected output (light intensity data) is introduced into the selector 109 via the amplifier 107 and via the A/D converter 108. Next, at step ST 2, when the CPU 111 outputs an output control signal to the selector 109, the selector 109 outputs the light intensity data in a constant order to the memory 110 and CPU 111 (in, for example, the output orders of the light intensity data from each photo sensor, (that is, S1, S2, S3, ....). At step ST 3, the CPU 111 outputs a write control signal to the memory 110 in synchronisation with the output control signal without writing light intensity data thereinto. Thereafter the light intensity data of each photo sensor S1 to S21 are written into the memory 110 in a constant order. When a constant time t has elapsed at step ST 4 upon the end of the reference measurement, the CPU 111 again outputs the output control signal to the selector 109 at step ST 5. The selector 109 outputs the light intensity data to the memory 110 and the CPU 111 in the same order as described above. The CPU 111 derives the comparison light intensity data after a constant time t has passed, but these data are not stored in the memory 110, but only by the CPU 111. When fetching of the light intensity data is ended, the CPU 111 outputs the read control signal at step ST 6 into the memory 110, so that the light intensity data are also fetched into the CPU 111. At step ST 7 the CPU 111 runs an age distortion quantity calculating program which calculates the difference between the reference data and the comparison data. The light intensity data read from the memory 110 are the reference data and the light intensity data derived from the selector 109 are the comparison data. The difference between the reference data and the comparison data is thus with reference to the same photo sensors S1 to S21 in the same input order. The positional data (positions of the photo sensors S1 to S21 on the tube face 103) and the difference data are output to the display circuit 113 at step ST 8. At step ST 9, the CPU 111 determines if the constant time t has elapsed in the comparison measurement, that is, a time 2t has elapsed since initiation of the reference measurement. If so, the CPU 111 returns to step ST 5 and again outputs the output control signal to the selector 109, and calculates the difference data in the same way as described above. When the above-described action is repeated, the line position change for the constant time t can be displayed on a monitor 114 in real time. It is noted that if no time distortion is present, the difference data indicate zero. In addition, if time distortion occurs due to geomagnetism or temperature drifts in other circuit elements, the difference data indicate values other than zero. As the distortion quantity becomes large, its absolute value indicates a larger value. The change in the difference data thus indicate a time distortion change. As shown in Figure 27, when the image distortion measurement program is selected through the keyboard 115, the CPU 111 at step SP 1 transmits the line interval data to the pattern generator 101, the line being displayed on the tube face 103 of the CRT 102 (Figure 25). Each photo sensor S1 to S21 detects light emitted from a single (adjacent) line. Each detected output (light intensity data) is introduced into the selector 109 via the amplifier 107 and the A/D converter 108. Next, at step SP 2, the CPU 111 outputs an output control signal to the selector 109. The selector 109 outputs the light intensity data in a constant order (for example, in the order of the outputs of the photo sensors S1, S2, S3). The CPU 111 does not fetch to itself the light intensity data, but instead outputs a write control signal to the memory 110 in synchronisation with the output control signal at step SP 3. The light intensity data of each photo sensor S1 to S21 are then written into the memory 110. Upon completion of all writing of light intensity data, the CPU 111 reads the light intensity data of a single photo sensor (for example, the light intensity data of the photo sensor S1), and at a step SP 5 outputs a read control signal to the memory 112 to read the conversion data. The line position calculating program calculates distance data from the conversion data for the light intensity data (measurement data) at step SP 6. The distance data and positional data (position of the photo sensor S1) on the tube face 103 is output to the display circuit 113 at step SP 7. Upon completion of the output of the data to the display circuit 113, the CPU 111 determines at step SP 8 if all of the light intensity data have been read. If not, the process returns to step SP 4 to read subsequent light intensity data (for example, the light intensity data of the photo sensor S2) and calculate distance data according to the same process for all sensors. The monitor 114 displays the line positions of the respective photo sensors S1 to S21. It is noted that if the lines are displayed as straight lines no image distortion occurs. Therefore, the distance data of a group of the photo sensors placed in a straight line (for example, a group of S1, S2, S2, S3, S4, and S5 or a group of S1, S6, S14, and S17) indicates a constant value. A curved line is displayed when image distortion occurs due to magnetic field leakage within the chassis, such as from a fly-back transformer. If the distance data of a group of photo sensors placed in the straight line do not display as a constant value due to the change in the distance data, an image distortion state is recognised. In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of photo sensors S1 to S21 are arranged in straight lines in the horizontal and vertical directions. In the case where time distortion is to be measured, the photo sensors S1 to S21 can be positioned at arbitrary positions or alternatively be positioned at a single arbitrary position. In addition, although in the preferred embodiment measurement of lines in the horizontal and vertical directions occur simultaneously, they can be measured separately. Although the lines are constructed so as to be generated at constant intervals, the lines can be generated only on positions of the tube face substantially opposing the photo sensors S1 to S21. As the lines of constant intervals are gradually shifted during display, the light intensity data for the respective shifts are sampled, so that envelope curves on the light intensity data are prepared. The position of a peak value on the envelope curve can be derived and compared so that time distortion and image distortion can be derived. As described above, in the CRT measuring/adjusting apparatus a plurality of lines arranged at constant intervals on the tube face of the CRT are shifted and displayed for the respective constant values. Photo sensors, each having a uni-modal directional sensitivity characteristic, are disposed opposing the tube face. The detected output of each photo sensor is used to calculate the modulation factor. A CPU is then used to determine whether the modulation factor data is appropriate. Therefore, for various colour CRTs in which sizes and thicknesses of tube face are different, a highly accurate measurement of convergence and/or image distortion can be made at an appropriate line interval. In the CRT testing/adjusting apparatus in which lines for each primary colour are gradually shifted on the tube face, the light intensity for each primary colour is detected by a photo sensor arranged at an opposing position on the tube face, and the convergence state is measured according to the light intensity data. A CPU determines whether a position on the tube face at which the photo sensor is arranged is a white area or not and resets the white area position if the photo sensor is positioned over a white area. Therefore, due to the fact that no operator input is required for transfer of the white during measurement, the measurement process described above is quick and easy. In addition, the colour CRT testing/adjusting apparatus described measures the convergence state from the light intensity of displayed lines of the respective primary colours which are gradually shifted on the tube face of the colour CRT. The light intensity for each primary colour is detected by a corresponding photo sensor arranged opposing the tube face, and a line pattern having a plurality of phases is repeatedly displayed in a constant order. The lines of the respective primary colours are gradually shifted and a misconvergence quantity is prepared for each line pattern. The latest misconvergence quantity of each phase of measured data is arithmetically averaged to derive the average convergence quantity. Therefore, highly accurate measurements can be made without extension of the measurement time. Moreover, line patterns for each primary colour are gradually shifted on the tube face of a CRT, photo sensors are arranged opposing the tube face for detecting the light intensity for each primary colour, and the convergence state of the colour CRT is measured from the light intensity data. The line at the first measurement is considered a dummy line and light intensity data from the dummy are excluded from all measurement data. Therefore, measurement error due to lower brightness at the time of the first measurement can be prevented and the measurement accuracy is improved. In each photo sensor the photo element holder is installed to be movable in the direction of an axis with respect to the probe main body and is swingable with respect to the axis. Means are provided for pressing the photo element holder portion in a direction other than that of the probe main body. This allows the photo sensor to be easily disposed in the detecting position and erroneous detection due to the manipulation thereof can be prevented. The CRT measuring apparatus includes a pattern generator which outputs a video signal displaying a line pattern on the CRT tube face. Photo sensors are arranged opposing the tube face. A memory is provided for storing the light intensity data which is the detected output of each photo sensor. Means are provided for calculating the difference between the light intensity data stored in the memory and that detected after the storage of light intensity data. Time distortion of the lines can accurately and easily be measured with this apparatus. The relative distortion of images (image distortion) at each position of the lines can also be accurately and easily measured.

Claims: An adjusting apparatus for cathode ray tube equipment, the apparatus comprising: a pattern generator (15) which generates a predetermined pattern and is connected to a cathode ray tube (1) under test; a probe (4) for positioning on a front face (2) of said cathode ray tube (1) and which comprises a photo detector (215) for generating a light intensity signal in response to said pattern displayed on said cathode ray tube under test, and a switch (SW) for starting measurement; an analogue-to-digital converter (6) connected to said probe for digitizing said light intensity signal; a data memory connected to said analogue-to-digital converter for storing data representing said digitized light intensity signal; and a processor which controls said pattern generated by said pattern generator, receives data from said data memory, and calculates measurement data therefrom indicative of the convergence of said cathode ray tube under test; wherein said probe further comprises a body including said switch (SW), a light detector holder (207) which holds said photodetector (215) and is held movably with respect to said body (206) around a pivot (211), and bias means for biasing said light detector holder away from said body, said light detector holder having a contact face (219), facing away from said pivot, for positioning against said front face of said cathode ray tube under test. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the pattern generated by the pattern generator comprises a plurality of spaced bars of a test colour, said bars being shifted across said cathode ray tube screen at each frame. Apparatus according to claim 2, in which said pattern comprises red, green and blue bars, and in which said processor derives said measurement data by comparing times at which peak values of light intensity for red, green and blue bars are detected by said photodetector. Apparatus according to claim 2 or claim 3, in which the processor (8) comprises: means for calculating a modulation factor (F) from the data representing the digitized light intensity signal, the modulation factor being given by: F = ( Max - Min ) ( Max + Min ) where Max is the maximum value and Min in the minimum value of the data representing the digitized light intensity signal for a primary display colour; means for controlling the pattern generator to increase the interval between the spaced bars if the modulation factor is below 0.2; and means for controlling the pattern generator to decrease the interval between the spaced bars if the modulation factor is above 0.6. Apparatus according to claim 4, in which the pattern generated by the pattern generator also comprises a white area, said bars being arranged on an area of the cathode ray tube display other than the white area; and in which the processor comprises: means for detecting whether the modulation factor is substantially zero; and means, responsive to a detection that the modulation factor is substantially zero, for controlling the pattern generator to displace the white area in the pattern to another portion of said cathode ray tube screen not covered by said probe (4) placed onto said screen so that said bars are displayed on a portion of said cathode ray tube screen covered by said probe. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the processor does not calculate measurement data from light intensity data derived from one or more frames after the start of a measurement. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a display (13) for displaying a result of said measurement.

Inventors: ICHIGAYA HIROSHI, SATO SATOSHI, ICHIGAYA, HIROSHI, SATO, SATOSHI, ICHIGAYA, HIROSHI, C/O PATENTS DIVISION, SATO, SATOSHI, C/O PATENTS DIVISION
Applicants: SONY CORP, SONY CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: H04N17
IPC codes: H04N17