Engine with flywheel generator

Abstract: An engine has a flywheel which has a high peripheral speed even when the engine rotates at a low speed. The flywheel has a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on an outer circumference thereof and having alternately different magnetic poles. A stator is disposed in confronting relation to radially outer ends of the permanent magnets. Electric energy induced by the stator upon rotation of the flywheel is supplied to a rotary electric machine combined with a turbocharger to assist the turbocharger in supplying air under pressure to the engine when the engine rotates at low speed.

Description: The present invention relates to an engine with a flywheel generator comprising permanent magnets mounted on the outer circumference of a flywheel and a stator confronting the permanent magnets, for generating electric energy to assist a turbocharger in increasing a boost pressure when the engine rotates at low speed. Conventional engines, particularly two-cycle engines, are required to be supercharged. Since the exhaust and intake strokes of a two-cycle engine are effected at the same time, the exhaust gases are forced out of a cylinder by introduced intake air, and therefore the intake air has to be forced into the cylinder. Various devices have been proposed to supply intake air under pressure into the cylinder. One of the proposed devices is a turbocharger having an exhaust turbine rotatable by the energy of exhaust gases, and a compressor rotatable by the exhaust turbine to force air under pressure into the cylinder. As the two-cycle engine has a power stroke each time the crankshaft makes one revolution, the amount of discharged exhaust gases is larger than that of the four-cycle engine. Thus, the two-cycle engine is suitable for driving the turbocharger. However, even the two-cycle engine discharges a small amount of exhaust energy when it rotates at low speed, and air cannot effectively be forced into the cylinder with such a small amount of exhaust energy. To overcome the above drawback, there has been proposed in EP-A-0 215 589 a turbocharger with a rotary electric machine connected to the rotatable shaft of the turbocharger. When the rotational speed of the engine is low, the rotary electric machine is supplied with electric energy to operate as a motor which assists the turbocharger to increase the boost pressure. If the electric energy is supplied from a battery to the rotary electric machine, then the battery is large in size, weight, and volume. According to another proposal, a recovery turbine is disposed downstream of the exhaust turbine, and actuates a generator to generate electric energy. When the engine rotates at low speed, however, the above cannot be solved since the energy of available exhaust gases is small. Document EP-A-0 349 151, which is a document according to Article 54(3) EPC, describes a system for driving a turbocharger installed on an internal combustion engine and combined with a rotary electric machine which is mounted on a rotatable shaft of the turbocharger, includes a generator drivable by output power of the engine. When the rotary electric machine is driven as an electric motor, depending on an operating condition of the engine, electric power generated by the generator is supplied to the rotary electric machine through an inverter under control of a controller. According to the present invention, there is provided an engine system comprising an engine, the engine including a flywheel having a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on an outer circumference thereof and having alternately different magnetic poles, a stator disposed in confronting relation to radially outer ends of the permanent magnets, for inducing electric energy in response to rotation of the flywheel, a turbocharger for supplying air under pressure to the engine, the turbocharger having a rotatable shaft, a rotary electric machine disposed on the rotatable shaft, and means for supplying electric energy generated by the stator to the rotary electric machine to assist the turbocharger in supplying air under pressure, when the rotation speed of the engine is lower than a predetermined speed. Even when the engine rotates at low speed, the stator effectively generated electric energy, which is supplied to the rotary electric machine. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example. The sole figure is a front elevational view, partly broken away and in block form, of an engine with a flywheel generator according to the present invention. The figure shows a two-cycle engine 1 which repeats its cycle strokes each time a crankshaft makes one revolution. The engine 1 has an exhaust pipe 11 extending and joined to an exhaust turbine casing of a turbocharger 12 with a rotary electric machine. The turbocharger 12 comprises an exhaust turbine and a compressor which are held coaxially with each other. The rotary electric marine is disposed on the rotatable shaft of the turbocharger 12 which interconnects the exhaust turbine and the compressor. The rotary electric machine. operates as a motor when supplied with electric energy from an external source. The compressor communicates with an intake pipe 13, which supplies compressed air from the compressor into a cylinder of the two-cycle engine 1. To the rotatable shaft of the engine 1, there is coupled a flywheel 2 having a plurality of permanent magnets 21 disposed on the outer circumference thereof. The permanent magnets 21 have magnetic poles on their radially outer sides, the magnetic poles having alternately different polarities. The radially inner ends of the permanent magnets 21 are held against a magnetic path ring 22 of magnetic material. A stator 3 is disposed adjacent to the outer circumference of the flywheel 2. The stator 3 comprises a pair of magnetic poles confronting the outer magnetic poles of two of the permanent magnets 21, and a coil wound around a core by which the magnetic poles of the stator 3 are interconnected. The coil of the stator 3 and the rotary electric machine are electrically connected to a controller 4 to which a battery 5 is also coupled. The controller 4 controls the flow of electric energy. More specifically, when the engine 1 rotates at low speed, electric energy from the stator 3 and the battery 5 is supplied to the rotary electric machine by the controller 4. When the engine 1 rotates at high speed, electric power generated by the rotary electric machine is supplied to the battery 5 by the controller 4. Operation of the engine 1 will be described below. When the engine rotates at low speed, exhaust gases flow at a low rate from the exhaust pipe 11 to the turbocharger 12, and hence the boost pressure of intake air supplied to the intake pipe 13 does not increase. The controller 4 converts DC electric energy from the battery 5 and the stator 3 into AC electric energy of a predetermined frequency, and supplies the AC electric energy to the rotary electric machine of the turbocharger 12. The rotary electric machine then operates as a motor, i.e., rotates at a rotational speed corresponding to the frequency of the supplied AC electric energy, thus assisting the compressor in compressing air. The flywheel 2 has a relatively large diameter. If the diameter of the flywheel 2 is 400 mm, then when it rotates at a speed of 1,000 rpm, the electric energy produced by the stator 3 corresponds to the electric energy which would be generated by a generator having a core of a diameter of 40 mm and rotating at 10,000 rpm. As the rotational speed of the engine 1 rises and the energy of exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe 11 increases to a level sufficiently high to drive the turbocharger 12, the controller 4 stops supplying the electric energy to the rotary electric machine. At this time, the electric energy generated by the stator 3 may be stored in the battery 5, or the stator 3 may be arranged to apply no load to the flywheel 2, thus reducing braking forces imposed on the flywheel 2. When the rotational speed of the engine 1 increases further to the point where the energy of exhaust gases exceeds the amount of energy required by the supercharging process, the controller 4 connects a load to the rotary electric machine to operate the same as a generator. Therefore, the excess exhaust energy is converted into electric energy, which is used to charge the battery 5. Although a certain preferred embodiment has been shown and described, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: An engine system comprising: an engine, said engine including a flywheel having a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on an outer circumference thereof and having alternately different magnetic poles; a stator disposed in confronting relation to radially outer ends of the permanent magnets, for inducing electric energy in response to rotation of said flywheel; a turbocharger for supplying air under pressure to the engine, said turbocharger having a rotatable shaft; a rotary electric machine disposed on said rotatable shaft; and means for supplying electric energy generated by said stator to said rotary electric machine to assist the turbocharger in supplying air under pressure, when the rotational speed of the engine is lower than a predetermined speed. An engine system according to claim 1, wherein said engine comprises a two-cycle engine.

Inventors: KAWAMURA HIDEO, KAWAMURA, HIDEO
Applicants: ISUZU CERAMICS RES INST, ISUZU CERAMICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO., LTD.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: F02P1
IPC codes: F02P1, F02B63, F02B37, H02P9, H02K7, F02B41, F02B61