Method of tuning and compensating power levels in a radio telephone

Abstract: In a method according to the invention the tuning information determined by a measuring computer (20) is stored in the memory of the radio telephone (1). When the radio telephone is in operation the microprocessor (10) receives from the sensors (14) information e.g. about the temperature, and it selects from its memory tuning information, with which the transmitter (11) power is con­ trolled via a D/A-converter (15). The tuning can be made automatically, without opening the casing of the radio telephone.

Description: The invention relates to a method of adjusting and compensating power levels in a radio telephone having a logic section which controls the operation, and to the use of this method in series production and maintenance. The invention also relates to an adjustment system for a radio telephone, which is adjusted with a method according to the invention. A method for the setting of electronic circuits can be found in EP-A-376 666, published on 4/7/90, which represents State of the Art acc. to Art 54(3), EPC. Generally the power levels in a radio telephone are adjusted by adjusting built-in trimmer potentiometers and monitoring the output power of the radio telephone. The adjustment is generally made manually, although in some cases adjustment with the aid of robots could be possible. It is however common to these prior art methods to adjust electromechanical components, such as trimmer potentiometers, with the aid of tools. The power of the transmitter may vary with the operating conditions of the radio telephone. The operating conditions are influenced by the selected channel frequency, the radio telephone's internal temperature and the supply voltage (accumulator or battery voltage). In prior art it is generally tried to compensate for the power variations with means of analog technology. Diodes or NTC resistors are used to compensate for power variations due to temperature changes, for example. The transmitter output power of individual radio telephone units can behave in very different ways at various temperatures and with various voltages, and thus the compensating circuitry designed for a radio telephone type does not necessarily function in a desired manner for every unit in series production. The known methods entail many problems and drawbacks. The trimmer potentiometers, being electromechanical components, are less reliable than the electronic components used in the radio telephone and they take up a substantial area on the device's circuit board. The need for a large space is a problem, particularly concerning handsets. In addition, adjustment of the trimmers is slow and requires a skilled person performing adjustment. Adjustment precision depends on the person, and thus human errors are possible. The radio telephone casing has to be opened for adjustment in order to get access to the various components. The power levels are usually compensated for temperature and battery voltage variations by analog techniques, so that the accuracy of the compensation depends on component tolerances, and a fully individual compensation will not be possible in series production. The object of the invention is to devise a method, with which the above mentioned prior art problems and drawbacks are obviated. The solution to the problem is achieved with the inventive method according to claim 1. In the invention it is essential to store individual adjustment results for chosen operating conditions into the radio telephone's memory as compensating values, whereby the transmitter's respective power level is controlled in accordance to the adjustment results by the logic section via a D/A-converter when the radio telephone is in operation. Preferably the adjustment is made by connecting the adjusting equipment to the normal external connections of the radio telephone, the adjustment being made without opening the radio telephone casing. This adjustment arrangement may be applied to the final testing in series production of radio telephones, and to the maintenance of radio telephones. The adjustment system as set out in Claim 6 of set A and in Claim 5 of set B, according to the invention comprises a radio telephone which includes sensors connected to the logic section and detecting the radio telephone's operating conditions, and between the logic section and the transmitter a D/A-converter is arranged, which converts data corrected with compensating constants and output by the logic section into a voltage controlling the transmitter power. Other preferred embodiments of the invention are presented in the subclaims. The invention is described in greater detail below by way of an example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which the only figure is a simplified block diagram illustrating the adjustment arrangement according to the invention. The adjusting equipment 2 is connected to the radio telephone's 1 antenna interface 31 and auxiliary equipment interface 32 including the low frequency interface 33. The test signal selected for the adjustment (e.g. a constant microphone voltage or sound pressure to the microphone) is connected from the measuring device 21 of the adjusting equipment 2 to the low frequency interface 33 of the radio telephone. The measuring computer 20 of the adjusting equipment is connected to the logic section 10 through the auxiliary interface 32. The measuring computer 20 can via the logic section 10 control the radio telephone to select a desired channel (radio frequency). Through the logic section 10 it can also control the A/D-converter 15, whose output voltage is used to control the output power of the transmitter 11. The transmitter output power is connected to the antenna interface 31, e.g. through a duplex filter 13, and it will be measured with measuring devices 21 (i.a. a power level meter), the measuring results of which are transmitted on an internal bus 22 to the measuring computer 20. The radio telephone receiver 12 is also connected to the antenna interface 31. The radio telephone also includes a temperature sensor 14 to detect the internal temperature of the radio telephone. The logic section 10 i.a. also includes a microprocessor, memories -especially a non-volatile memory to store programs and compensating data - and an A/D-converter, with which the operating temperature of the batteries or accumulators and the voltage from the temperature sensor 14 is converted into a digital format which can be used by the microprocessor. During adjustment the microprocessor is connected to the measuring computer 20 via the auxiliary equipment interface 32, through which information is transferred in both directions, e.g. information about the temperature measured by the sensor 14 to the measuring computer and set values from the measuring computer to the microprocessor. The operating channel (or channel range), the temperature (or temperature range) measured with the sensor 14, and the operating voltage (or the operating voltage range) measured with the D/A-converter, constitute the operating conditions of the radio telephone. The adjustment of the radio telephone according to the invention is carried out in the following manner. The adjustment is initially made at room temperature, on the middle channel and with nominal operating voltage. The radio telephone is placed in a climate chamber (cold/hot chamber), and the measuring devices 21 are connected to the antenna interface 31 and the low frequency interface 33. 1) As the first set value to the microprocessor 10 the measuring computer 20 places (in series production) the long-time mean value of the set values of previous telephones, for the corresponding operating condition. 2) The measuring computer 20 reads the antenna interface 31 power level measured by the measuring device 21. 3) The memory of the measuring computer contains information about the power level target value, with which the measured value is compared. According to the comparison result the need for a set value change is calculated (calculated by the measuring computer in automatic adjustment) and a new set value is transmitted to the microprocessor 10 via the auxiliary equipment interface. 4) The microprocessor 10 controls the output voltage of the D/A-converter 15, and thus the output power of the transmitter, in a desired direction. 5) The power level at the antenna interface is measured again, the measurement result is transferred to the computer 20, the result is compared with the desired value, and a new set value for the radio telephone is calculated. The steps 2) to 5) are repeated until the desired power level target value is achieved with a selected, sufficient precision. The adjustment result, or the obtained set value for the selected operating condition to provide the desired target level, is stored as a compensating value in the non-volatile memory of the microprocessor 10. 6) In the next step the adjustment is performed for the highest channel (the upper channel range) and for the lowest channel (the lower channel range) and for the highest and the lowest operating voltages, repeating the steps 1) to 5). When adjustment at room temperature is completed, the steps 1) to 6) are repeated at extreme temperatures (the higher temperature range, the lower temperature range). It should be noted that the adjustment may also be carried out with operating conditions in an order differing from the above order, depending on the available climate chamber arrangement and other productions reasons. The number of operating conditions to be adjusted may be chosen to suit the production and the operation of the radio telephone. The number of the operating conditions can be reduced in a convenient way by using e.g. only one adjustment point representing a middle range, a higher range and a lower range, respectively, for each variable (channel, temperature, operating voltage). For example, in practice the ranges could be: a middle channel representing a middle range, the highest and the lowest channel representing the higher and the lower ranges; and correspondingly room temperature (e.g. 25 °C for the range +5...+45 °C), the highest (e.g. +55 °C for the range +45...+85 °C) and the lowest temperature (e.g. -10 °C for the range -25...+5 °C); and the nominal value, the minimum value and the maximum value of the operating voltage. In extreme operating conditions it will be tried to use the same compensating values as in "normal conditions", but if the power level deviates more than a certain amount from the desired value, the adjustment is made for the respective operating conditions. In the production the adjustment can be made in the final testing, when the radio telephone is otherwise completely ready. The adjustment can now be made without opening the telephone's casing. Furthermore, by suitable programming of the steps 1) to 6) in the measuring computer, the adjustment can be made completely automatically, whereby the results of the adjustment will become more reliable (no human errors), and individually for each radio telephone. Due to the automation the testing throughput time and the amount of required personnel will be reduced. From a production management standpoint the inventive method signifies a great advantage, when for example the production is transferred to another plant, because the automatic adjustment program does not require much training of personnel for the adjustment tasks, as all information required in the adjustment can be incorporated in the adjustment programs of the measuring computer. The adjustment method according to the invention can also conveniently be used in the maintenance of radio telephones, whereby the adjusting equipment may be replaced by simpler service equipment, with which e.g. the adjustment of the radio telephone is checked, and/or adjustment is made only at room temperature. In a radio telephone realizing the method according to the invention the range of the operating conditions is measured during operation with a sensor 14 and A/D-converters (not shown). In accordance with the operating conditions the microprocessor 10 selects from its non-volatile memory a compensating constant or value adjusted for the respective operating conditions, and the transmitter power level is set according to this value. The objects mentioned in the introduction will be met with a radio telephone according to the invention, because no trimmer potentiometers are required, whereby the reliability of the radio telephone is increased and the space requirements for the circuit board (boards) will be reduced. No individual adjustment points (connectors, pins, etc.) are now needed on the circuits boards, which further reduces the space requirement. Adjustment steps of separate modules are not needed either, because the adjustment is made with an assembled radio telephone, utilizing its normal interfaces. The invention can be applied to different types of analog and digital radio telephones, cellular radio telephones, portable and mobile radio telephones.

Claims: Claims for the following Contracting States : DK, LU, AT, ES, GR A method of adjusting a radio telephone having a logic section which controls its operation, characterised in that an external adjusting equipment (2) is connected to the radio telephone's (1) antenna interface (31) and auxiliary equipment interface (32) or corresponding interfaces, a test signal from a measuring device (21) of the adjusting equipment (2) is applied to a low frequency interface (33) of the radio telephone, the power level delivered by a transmitter (11) of the radio telephone to the antenna interface (31) is measured by the measuring device (21) of the adjusting equipment (2) and the power level is adjusted in a feed-back loop (32, 1, 31, 2) via the logic section (10) until the desired power level adjustment result is achieved, the individual adjustment results for the radio telephone (1) are stored as compensating values in a non-volatile memory arranged in the logic section (10), whereby the transmitter's (11) respective power level is controlled via a D/A-converter (15) according to the adjustment results stored in the logic section (10) when the radio telephone (1) is operating. A method according to Claim 1, wherein adjustment can be made without opening the radio telephone (1) casing. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein in the adjusting equipment (2) there is arranged an antenna interface (31) power level measuring device (21) and a computer (20) with a stored program and stored target values for the power level, according to which the adjustment is performed, optionally either as automatic or semiautomatic adjustment. A method according to any previous claim, wherein the adjustment is made sequentially for several selected operating conditions of the radio telephone, or for several channels or channel ranges and for one or more operating temperature ranges, whereby information about the radio telephone (1) operating conditions detected by sensors (14) is transmitted through the auxiliary equipment interface (32) to the adjusting equipment (2), and whereby every adjustment result is stored as a compensating value into the non-volatile memory of the radio telephone's logic section (10). A procedure for adjusting radio telephones in series production employing a method according to Claim 3 or 4 so that in adjusting a radio telephone of the series, the computer (20) supplies to the logic section (10) of the radio telephone as a first set value the long-time mean value of the set values corresponding to the adjustment results of previously tuned telephones. An adjustment system for a radio telephone comprising a radio telephone and an external adjustment equipment, said radio telephone comprising an antenna interface (31), a low frequency interface (33) and auxiliary equipment interfaces (32) or corresponding interfaces, a logic section (10) which controls operation of the radio telephone, a non-volatile memory arranged in the logic section (10), sensors (14) detecting the radio telephone's operating conditions connected to the logic section (10), a transmitter (11) by which power is delivered to the antenna interface (31), and a D/A converter (15) by which the power level of the transmitter (11) is controlled arranged between the logic section (10) and transmitter (11), the converter (15) being so constructed and arranged as to convert data corrected with a compensating value and output by the logic section (10) into a voltage controlling the transmitter (11) power; the external adjustment equipment being connected to the antenna interface and the auxiliary equipment interface or corresponding interfaces of said radio telephone, and comprising: a device (21) for applying a test signal to the radio telephone via a low frequency interface of the radio telephone and to measure an output signal of the antenna interface resulting from the application of said test signal, a measuring computer (20) for adjusting said output of the radio telephone in a feedback loop via the radio telephones logic section, until a desired power level of said output signal is achieved. A radio telephone according to Claim 6, wherein the logic section (10) comprises a microprocessor. A radio telephone according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein the sensors (10, 14) detecting the operating conditions comprise a device (10) detecting the operating channel or channel range and/or a temperature sensor (14) and/or a supply voltage sensor (10). A radio telephone according to any one of Claims 6 to 8, wherein it does not include trimmer potentiometers or corresponding electromechanical means for the adjustment and/or the compensation of the power level. Claims for the following Contracting States : BE, CH, DE, FR, GB, IT, LI, NL, SE A method of adjusting a radio telephone having a logic section which controls its operation, characterised in that an external adjusting equipment (2) is connected to the radio telephone's (1) antenna interface (31) and auxiliary equipment interface (32) or corresponding interfaces, a test signal from a measuring device (21) of the adjusting equipment (2) is applied to a low frequency interface (33) of the radio telephone, the power level delivered by a transmitter (11) of the radio telephone to the antenna interface (31) is measured by the measuring device (21) of the adjusting equipment (2) and the power level is adjusted in a feed-back loop (32, 1, 31, 2) via the logic section (10) until the desired power level adjustment result is achieved, the individual adjustment results for the radio telephone (1) are stored as compensating values in a non-volatile memory arranged in the logic section (10), whereby the transmitter's (11) respective power level is controlled via a D/A-converter (15) according to the adjustment results stored in the logic section (10) when the radio telephone (1) is operating wherein the adjustment is made sequentially for several selected operating conditions of the radio telephone, or for several channels or channel ranges and for one or more operating temperature ranges, whereby information about the radio telephone (1) operating conditions detected by sensors (14) is transmitted through the auxiliary interface (32) to the adjusting equipment (2), and whereby every adjustment result is stored as a compensating value into the non-volatile memory of the radio telephone's logic section (10). A method according to Claim 1, wherein adjustment can be made without opening the radio telephone (1) casing. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein in the adjusting equipment (2) there is arranged an antenna interface (31) power level measuring device (21) and a computer (20) with a stored program and stored target values for the power level, according to which the adjustment is performed, optionally either as automatic or semiautomatic adjustment. A procedure for adjusting radio telephones in series production employing a method according to Claim 3 so that in adjusting a radio telephone of the series, the computer (20) supplies to the logic section (10) of the radio telephone as a first set value the long-time mean value of the set values corresponding to the adjustment results of previously tuned telephones. An adjustment system for a radio telephone, comprising a radio telephone and an external adjustment equipment, said radio telephone comprising an antenna interface (31), a low frequency interface (33) and auxiliary equipment interfaces (32) or corresponding interfaces, a logic section (10) which controls operation of the radio telephone, a non-volatile memory arranged in the logic section (10), sensors (14) detecting the radio telephone's operating conditions connected to the logic section (10), a transmitter (11) by which power is delivered to the antenna interface (31), and a D/A converter (15) by which the power level of the transmitter (11) is controlled arranged between the logic section (10) and transmitter (11), the converter (15) being so constructed and arranged as to convert data corrected with a compensating value and output by the logic section (10) into a voltage controlling the transmitter (11) power; the external adjustment equipment being connected to the antenna interface and the auxiliary equipment interface or corresponding interfaces of said radio telephone, and comprising: a device (21) for applying a test signal to the radio telephone via a low frequency interface of the radio telephone and to measure an output signal of the antenna interface resulting from the application of said test signal, a measuring computer (20) for adjusting said output of the radio telephone in a feedback loop via the radio telephones logic section, until a desired power level of said output signal is achieved and for sequentially selecting several operating conditions or several channels or channel ranges of the radio telephone. An adjustment system according to Claim 5, wherein the logic section (10) of the radio telephone comprises a microprocessor. An adjustment system according to Claims 5 or 6, wherein the sensors (10, 14) of the radio telephone detecting the operating conditions comprise a device (10) detecting the operating channel or channel range and/or a temperature sensor (14) and/or a supply voltage sensor (10). An adjustment system according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, wherein the radio telephone does not include trimmer potentiometers or corresponding electromechanical means for the adjustment and/or the compensation of the power level.

Inventors: VAISANEN RISTO, VAISANEN, RISTO
Applicants: NOKIA MOBILE PHONES LTD, NOKIA MOBILE PHONES LTD.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: H03J3
IPC codes: H04B17, H03J3