MUSCULAR EXPANSION ORAL SHIELD APPLIANCE

Abstract: A muscular expansion oral shield appliance (10) having a buccal shield (12) supported laterally and anteriorly away from the expansion appliance to engage the buccal musculature. The shield may be formed integrally with the appliance or may be mounted thereto in a permanent manner such as by a wire (22) or wires secured to the appliance and the shield or may be mounted thereto in a removable manner such as with a ball and socket type attachment (23).

Description: Field of the Invention The present invention relates to orthodontic appliances and more particularly to an appliance for assisting in lateral expansion of the upper and/or lower posterior segments. Description of the Prior Art Overcrowding of the teeth, particularly the anterior teeth is one condition which can be corrected with orthodontic treatment. Oftentimes metallic bands and wires are used in the permanent dentition stage to provide a desired spacing. There have also been provided devices such as my prior device disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,139,944 in which a plastic movable positioner is provided for use in correcting certain conditions in a permanent or mixed dentition stage. It is known in various applications (e.g. US-A-4 799 884) to use a buccal shield to hold the buccal musculature away from the teeth so as to remove pressure against the teeth in the buccal to lingual direction. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a bi-lateral buccal shield with a thinner portion extending around the anterior labial area of the teeth in the sulcus between the alveolar bone and the lips in the mucobuccal fold. This would allow the patient to open and close the mouth and still maintain the "lifting away" of the buccal musculature from the teeth during speech and eating. The appliance can be relatively hard across the front covered with a softer material or it can have a wire embedded in this labial section covered with soft plastic that could be bent and adapted to the tissues of the mouth to prevent abrasion of the plastic against the tissues either labially or buccally. The buccal shield would simply expand the posterior segments laterally and could be worn all the time as a primary appliance or as an expansion day or night part-time appliance when less expansion would be necessary. Both kinds may or may not have an anterior tooth bearing area. The appliance preferably is preformed in several sizes to accommodate different sized mouths (or teeth) and would be coordinated in size with the expansion appliance with an anterior tooth bearing area. The appliance could be made of several types of plastics, hard or soft, and could also be made of a thermal variable plastic where it could be softened in a range of, for example 49°C (120°F) to 100°C (212°F) and adapted to the mouth. The appliance could have one or more labial cross beams across the labial of the mouth for support or a single beam with a large breathing hole or several breathing holes in the middle in the front of the mouth. The buccal shield is detachably secured to the appliance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an appliance embodying the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the invention wherein the shield is detachably secured to the expansion appliance. FIG. 3 is an occlusal view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIGS. 1-3 there is illustrated a muscular expansion oral shield appliance which includes a bilateral buccal shield 12, 12A as part of and incorporated into an expansion appliance 14A. The expansion appliance 14A can be similar to those previously disclosed in my U.S. Patent Nos. 3,939,598; 3,898,736 and 4,073,061 with the exception that the lingual posterior upper and lower flanges have been removed and the occlusal isthmus has been slightly shortened on the lingual. Generally, the expansion appliance comprises at least one of an upper tooth receiving trough 16A and a lower tooth receiving trough 18A separated by a central web or isthmus. The appliance is designed and fitted so as to urge the posterior teeth at least laterally and perhaps distally. The posterior segment has a shortened central web, while lingual flanges have been removed so lateral pressure is exerted by the tongue to move the posterior teeth to the buccal since the buccal shield 12, 12A has been expanded away from the teeth. The buccal shield 12, 12A can be expanded laterally from the teeth and the shield 12, 12A is held in this spaced relationship by means of a wire 22, 22A which is molded into the shield 12. Preferably, the portion of the wire within the shield 12 has a serpentine or wavy form as seen in FIG. 1 so that the buccal shield 12 will not twist on the wire. The buccal shield 12 has a portion extending around the anterior labial area of the teeth, a buccal portion of the shield extending around the posterior buccal area. The anterior portion could comprise one or more cross beams 28, as illustrated in FIG. 1, to provide lateral support between the buccal shield on either side of the mouth, and if a single beam is used, then a large breathing hole 30 preferably is formed in the middle in the front of the mouth. FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an embodiment in which a buccal shield portion 12A is detachably secured to an expansion appliance portion 14A. Fastening means 23 are provided between the two parts to permit the selected attachment and detachment. The particular fastening device which is shown is a ball and socket connection although numerous types of connections could be utilized. The buccal shield 12A is formed of two materials, a relatively hard material forming the main body of the shield and a relatively soft material covering the hard material to prevent abrasion of the tissues within the mouth. As is apparent from the foregoing specification, the invention is susceptible of being embodied with various alterations and modifications which may differ particularly from those that have been described in the preceding specification and description. It should be understood that I wish to embody within the scope of the patent warranted hereon all such modifications as reasonably and properly come within the scope of my contribution to the art.

Claims: A muscular expansion oral shield appliance comprising an expansion appliances having at least one of an upper tooth receiving trough (16A) and a lower tooth receiving trough (18A), said trough being formed between a labial-buccal flange and a lingual flange connected by an isthmus to be engaged by the occlusal surfaces of the teeth, and a bi-lateral buccal shield (12A) held outwardly of said labial-buccal flange, characterized by said bi-lateral buccal shield having a thinner portion to extend around an anterior labial area of the teeth and a pair of thicker portions extending posteriorly of the anterior portion and means for holding said buccal shield away from the teeth and in contact with buccal musculature when the appliance is being worn by a user, said means comprising a detachable connection (23) formed on facing portions of the buccal shield and the labial-buccal flange. A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 1, wherein said labial portion comprises at least one cross beam (28) providing lateral support between the posterior portions on either side of the mouth. A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 2, wherein said cross beam (28) has a central breathing opening (30) therein. A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 2, wherein said labial portion comprises two spaced cross beams (28). A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 1, wherein said buccal shield (12A) is formed of two materials, a relatively hard material forming a main body of the shield and a relatively soft material covering the hard material. A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 1, characterized by a wire (22A) embedded in said buccal shield, wherein said wire is pliable so as to permit the bucal shield (12A) to be slanted with respect to said expansion appliance A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 1, characterized by a wire (22A) embedded in said buccal shield, said portion of said wire embedded in said shield (12A) having a serpentine form such that the buccal shield will not twist on the wire. A muscular expansion oral shield appliance according to claim 1, characterized by said detachable connection (23) comprising a ball member carried on an inwardly directed post secured to an inside surface of the shield and a socket formed in said labial-buccal flange to snappingly receive said ball.

Inventors: BERGERSEN, EARL O., DR.
Applicants: BERGERSEN, EARL O., DR.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: A61C7
IPC codes: A61C7