LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITIONS AND CONCENTRATES

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is described which is useful in internal combustion engines and which exhibit improved oxidation and wear performance. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions are described which comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; (B) at least about 1.0 % by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylating agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and (c) at least one manganese compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 1 to about 500 ppm of manganese as metal, provided that the manganese compound is not a neutral manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate. The oil compositions also may contain other desirable additives including (D) at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate ; (E) detergent effective amounts of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid; and/or (F) at least one carboxylic ester derivative is defined herein. In one embodiment, the oil compositions of the present invention contain the above additives and other additives described in the specification in an amount sufficient to enable the oil to meet all the performance requirements of the API Service Classification identified as "SG".

Description: LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITIONS AND CONCENTRATES Field of the Invention This invention relates to lubricating oil compo¬ sitions. In particular, this invention relates to lubri¬ cating oil compositions exhibiting improved oxidation and wear performance. Background of the Invention Lubricating oils which are utilized in internal combustion engines, and in particular, in spark-ignited and diesel engines are constantly being modified and improved to provide improved performance. Various organ¬ izations including the SAE (Society of Automotive Engi¬ neers), the ASTM (formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials) and the API (American Petroleum Institute) as well as the automotive manufacturers continually seek to improve the performance of lubricat¬ ing oils. Various standards have been established and modified over the years through the efforts of these organizations. As engines have increased in power output and complexity, the performance requirements have been increased to provide lubricating oils that will exhibit a reduced tendency to deteriorate under condi¬ tions of use and thereby to reduce wear and the forma¬ tion of such undesirable deposits as varnish, sludge, carbonaceous materials and resinous materials which tend to adhere to the various engine parts and reduce the efficiency of the engines. In general, different classifications of oils and performance requirements have been established for crankcase lubricants to be used in spark-ignited and diesel engines because of the differences in/and the demands placed on, lubricating oils in these applica¬ tions. Until recently, high quality commercially avail¬ able quality oils designed for spark-ignition engines were identified and labeled as "SF" oils. These oils are capable of satisfying the performance requirements of API Service Classification SF. A new API Service Classification SG has now been established, and this oil is to be labeled **SG". The oils designated as SG must pass the performance requirements of API Service Classi¬ fication SG which have been established to insure that these new oils will possess additional desirable proper¬ ties and performance capabilities in excess of those required for SF oils. The SG oils are designed to mini¬ mize engine wear and deposits and also to minimize lubri¬ cant thickening in service. The SG oils are intended to improve engine performance and durability when compared to all previous engine oils marketed for spark-ignition engines. An added feature of SG oils is the inclusion of the requirements of the API Service Classification CC category (diesel) into the SG specification. In order to meet the performance requirements of SG oils, the oils must successfully pass the follow¬ ing gasoline and diesel engine tests which have been established as standards in the industry: The Ford Sequence VE Test; The Buick Sequence HIE Test; The Oldsmobile Sequence IID Test; The CRC L-38 Test; and The Caterpillar Single Cylinder Test Engine 1H2. The Cater¬ pillar Test is included in the performance requirements in order to also qualify the oil for the light duty die- sel use (diesel performance catetory "CC"). If it is desired to have the SG classification oil also qualify for heavy duty diesel use, (diesel category "CD") the oil formulation must pass the more stringent performance requirements of the Caterpillar Single Cylinder Test Engine 1G2. The procedures and performance criteria for all of these tests have been established by the indus¬ try, and the tests are described in more detail below. When it is desired that the lubricating oils of the SG classification also exhibit improved fuel econ¬ omy, the oil must meet the requirements of the Sequence VI Fuel Efficient Engine Oil Dynamometer Test. A new classification of diesel engine oil also has been established through the joint efforts of the SAE, ASTM and the API, and the new diesel oils will be labeled "CE". The oils meeting the new diesel classifi¬ cation CE will have to be capable of meeting additional performance requirements not found in the present CD category including the Mack T-6, Mack T-7, and the Cummins NTC-400 Tests. An ideal lubricant for most purposes should pos¬ sess the same viscosity at all temperatures. Available lubricants, however, depart from this ideal. Materials which have been added to lubricants to minimize the vis¬ cosity change with temperature are called viscosity-modi¬ fiers, viscosity-improvers, viscosity-index-improvers or VI improvers. In general, the materials which improve the VI characteristics of lubricating oils are oil solu¬ ble organic polymers, and these polymers include polyiso- butylenes, polymethacrylates (i.e., copolymers of vari¬ ous chain length alkyl ethacrylates); copolymers of ethylene and propylene; hydrogenated block copolymers of styrene and isoprene; and polyacrylates (i.e., copoly¬ mers of various chain length alkyl acrylates). Other materials have been included in the lubri¬ cating oil compositions to enable the oil compositions to meet the various performance requirements, and these include dispersants, detergents, friction modifiers, corrosion-inhibitors, etc. Dispersants are employed in lubricants to maintain impurities in suspension, parti¬ cularly those formed during operation of an internal combustion engine, rather than allowing them to deposit as sludge. Materials have been described in the prior art which exhibit both viscosity-improving and disper- sant properties. One type of compound having both properties is comprised of a polymer backbone onto which backbone has been attached one or more monomers having polar groups. Such compounds are frequently prepared by a grafting operation wherein the backbone polymer is reacted directly with a suitable monomer. Dispersant _additives for lubricants comprising the reaction products of hydroxy compounds or amines with substituted succinic acids or their derivatives also have been described in the prior art, and typical dispersants of this type are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patents 3,272,746; 3,522,179; 3,219,666; and 4,234,435. When incorporated into lubricating oils, the compositions described in the '435 patent function as dispersants/detergents and viscosity-index improvers. Lubricating oil compositions containing oil-sol¬ uble transition metal-containing compounds also have been described in the prior art. The transition metal compounds often are salts of acidic materials such as carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, or mixtures thereof. For example, U.S. Patent 4,162,986 (Alkaitis et al) describes transition metal salts of mixed organic carbox¬ ylic and sulfonic or second carboxylic acids and their use as lubricant additives. The transition metal com¬ pounds are also suggested as being useful as catalysts, anti-knock agents, combustion improvers, smoke suppres¬ sants, curing agents, driers, micronutrient sources, etc. Hydrolyzable manganese soaps which are stabilized by the inclusion of propionic acid are described as useful in greases, lubricating oils, fuels, etc. in U.S. Patent 3,762,890 (Collins). Other patents and publications suggesting the use of various manganese salts and compounds as addi¬ tives in lubricating oil compositions include, for example, U.S. Patents 2,364,283 (Freuler); 2,378,820 (Amott); 2,389,527 (McCleary); 3,346,493 (LeSuer); 3,827,979 (Piotrowski et al); 4,252,659 (Ali); 4,505,718 (Dorer); 4,633,001 (Cells); 4,664,677 (Dorer et al); European Patent Application 0271363; and European Patent Application 0,290,457. U.S. Patent 3,941,606 (Collins et al) describes hydrocarbon-soluble compositions com¬ prising the reaction product of a polyvalent metal (e.g., Mn, Co and Ni) or polyvalent metal derivative (e.g., MnO, CoO and NiO) with a mixture comprising at least one acidic compound (e.g., fatty acids) and at least one polyhydroxy compound. The compositions are described as useful as siccatives in paint and similar coating drier compositions, fuel additives, and stabil¬ izers for plastics. U.S. Patent 4,505,718 and EP 0,290,457 describe hydrocarbon-soluble compositions which comprise one or more transition metal salts of at least one organic carboxylic acid, and at least one hydrocarbon-soluble ashless dispersant. The transition metal salts describ¬ ed in these patents include manganese salts of organic acids including carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and phosphorus acids. A preference is expressed for over- based transition metal salts including manganese salts of the organic acids. Overbased metal salts are defined in the art and herein as salts in which the metal is present in excess of the stoichiometric amount required to react with the acidic groups of the organic acids. A larger number of ashless dispersants are disclosed as being useful in combination with the transition metal salts. » References are included to many patents and several textbook publications describing ashless dispers¬ ants. Acylated nitrogen-containing dispersants are included in the types of dispersants utilized in the lubricant compositions. U.S. Patent 4,505,718 describes lubricating oil compositions containing from 1 to about 500 ppm of the transition metal (as metal) and about 5 to about 1000 ppm by weight of ashless dispersant. U.S. Patent 4,664,677 describes compositions comprising a mixture of manganese salts and copper salts. The compositions are described as being useful in fuel compositions. Fuels containing the copper and manganese compositions are disclosed as being useful for reducing the ignition temperature of exhaust particulate from diesel engines when operated using the described fuel compositions. European Patent Publication 271363 describes oil-soluble compositions which contain a dispersant material, a detergent material, a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate anti-wear material, and a compatibiliz- ing material which comprises a metal salt of a hydrocar¬ byl-substituted mono- or dicarboxylic acid. A number of dispersants are described including those based on long chain hydrocarbyl-substituted mono- or dicarboxylic acid materials such as long chain hydrocarbons, generally polyolefin-substituted with an alpha- or beta-unsaturat- ed dicarboxylic acid. The dispersants generally contain at least about 1.05 moles (e.g., 1.05 to 1.2 moles, or higher) of the acid per mole of polyolefin. The olefin polymers usually have a number average molecular weight of above 700 including number average molecular weights within the range of from 1500 to 5000. Polyisobutylene is described as an especially suitable starting mater¬ ial. The dispersants are obtained by reacting the dicar¬ boxylic acid materials with amines, alcohols, amino alcohols, etc. The metal salts suitable as compatibil¬ izing materials include salts of metals from Groups lb, lib, IHb, IVb, Vb, VIb, VHb and VIII of the Periodic Table. Preferred metals are from Groups lb and lib, and the most preferred metal is copper. The salts may be basic, neutral or acidic, and they may be formed by reacting the reactive metal compound with any of the materials described as being dispersant materials which have at least one free carboxylic acid group. Specific examples of compatibilizing materials include the copper and zinc salts of polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride. Summary of the Invention A lubricating oil composition is described which is useful in internal combustion engines and which exhibit improved oxidation and wear performance. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions are described which comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating vis¬ cosity; (B) at least about 1.0% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by react¬ ing (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound character¬ ized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being character¬ ized by the presence within their structure of an aver¬ age of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and (C) at least one manganese compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 1 to about 500 ppm of manganese as metal, provided that the manganese compound is not a neutral .manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphorodi¬ thioate. The oil compositions also may contain other desirable additives including (D) at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphoro¬ dithioate; (E) detergent effective amounts of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid; and/or (F) at least one carboxylic ester derivative is defined herein. In one embodiment, the oil compositions of the present invention contain the above additives and other addi¬ tives described in the specification in an amount suffi¬ cient to enable the oil to meet all the performance requirements of the API Service Classification identi¬ fied as "SG". Detailed Description of the Invention Throughout this specification and claims, refer¬ ences to percentages by weight of the various compo¬ nents, except for component (A) which is oil, are on a chemical basis unless otherwise indicated. For example, when the oil compositions of the invention are described as containing at least 2% by weight of (B), the oil composition comprises at least 2% by weight of (B) on a chemical basis. Thus, if component (B) is available as a 50% by weight oil solution, at least 4% by weight of the oil solution would be included in the oil composi¬ tion. The number of equivalents of the acylating•a- gent depends on the total number of carboxylic functions present. In determining the number of equivalents for the acylating agents, those carboxyl functions which are not capable of reacting as a carboxylic acid acylating agent are excluded. In general, however, there is one equivalent of acylating agent for each carboxy group in these acylating agents. For example, there are two equivalents in an anhydride derived from the reaction of one mole of olefin polymer and one mole of maleic anhy¬ dride. Conventional techniques are readily available for determining the number of carboxyl functions (e.g., acid number, saponification number) and, thus, the number of equivalents of the acylating agent can be readily deter¬ mined by one skilled in the art. An equivalent weight of an amine or a polyamine is the molecular weight of the amine or polyamine divid¬ ed by the total number of nitrogens present in the mole¬ cule. Thus, ethylene diamine has an equivalent weight equal to one-half of its molecular weight; diethylene triamine has an equivalent weight equal to one-third its molecular weight. The equivalent weight of a commer¬ cially available mixture of polyalkylene polyamine can be determined by dividing the atomic weight of nitrogen (14) by the %N contained in the polyamine and multiply¬ ing by 100; thus, a polyamine mixture containing 34% nitrogen would have an equivalent weight of 41.2. An equivalent weight of ammonia or a monoamine is the molecular weight. An equivalent weight of a hydroxyl-substituted amine to be reacted with the acylating agents to form the carboxylic derivative (B) is its molecular weight divided by the total number of nitrogen groups present in the molecule. For the purpose of this invention in preparing component (B), the hydroxy1 groups are ignored when calculating equivalent weight. Thus, ethanolamine would have an equivalent weight equal to its molecular weight, and diethanolamine has an equivalent weight (based on nitrogen) equal to its molecular weight. The equivalent weight of a hydroxyl-substituted amine used to form the carboxylic ester derivatives (F) useful in this invention is its molecular weight divided by the number of hydroxyl groups present, and the nitro¬ gen atoms present are ignored. Thus, when preparing esters from, e.g., diethanolamine, the equivalent weight is one-half the molecular weight of diethanolamine. The terms "substituent", "acylating agent" and "substituted succinic acylating agent" are to be given their normal meanings. For example, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms that has replaced another atom or group in a molecule as a result of a reaction. The terms acylating agent or substituted succinic acylating agent refer to the compound per se and does not include unreacted reactants used to form the acylating agent or substituted succinic acylating agent. (A) Oil of Lubricating Viscosity. The oil which is utilized in the preparation of the lubricants of the invention may be based on natural oils, synthetic oils, or mixtures thereof. Natural oils include animal oils and vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil, lard oil) as well as mineral lubricating oils such as liquid petroleum oils and sol¬ vent treated or acid treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthen- ic types. Oils of lubricating viscosity derived from coal or shale are also useful. Synthetic lubricating oils include hydrocarbon oils and halosubstituted hydro¬ carbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene- isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated polybutylenes, etc.); poly(l-hexenes), poly(l-octenes), poly(1-dec- enes), etc. and mixtures thereof; alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di-(2-ethylhexyl)-benzenes, etc.); polyphenyls (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenyls, etc.); alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulf- ides and the derivatives, analogs and homologs thereof and the like. Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof where the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc., constitute another class of known synthetic lub¬ ricating oils that can be used. These are exemplified by the oils prepared through polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (e.g., methylpolyiso- propylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of about 1000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 500-1000, di¬ ethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1000-1500, etc.) or mono- and polycar- boxylic esters thereof, for example, the acetic acid esters, mixed C3_g fatty acid esters, or the C j ^ Oxo acid diester of tetraethylene glycol. Another suitable class of synthetic lubricating oils that can be used comprises the esters of dicarbox¬ ylic acids (e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, etc.) with a var¬ iety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol, etc.) Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl adi- pate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azel- ate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid and the like. Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C 5 to C-J2 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, tri- methylol propane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, etc. Silicon-based oils such as the polyalkyl-, poly- aryl-, polyalkoxy-, or polyaryloxy-siloxane oils and sil¬ icate oils comprise another useful class of synthetic lubricating oil (e.g., tetraethyl silicate, tetraisopro- pyl silicate, tetra-(2-ethylhexyl)silicate, tetra-(4- methylhexyl)silicate, tetra-(p-tert-butylphenyl) sili¬ cate, hexyl-(4-methyl-2-pentoxy)disiloxane, poly- (methyl)siloxanes, poly(methylphenyl)siloxanes, etc.). Other synthetic lubricating oils include liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids (e.g., tricresyl phos¬ phate, trioctyl phosphate, diethyl ester of decane phosphonic acid, etc:), polymeric tetrahydrofurans and the like. Unrefined, refined and rerefined oils, either natural or synthetic (as well as mixtures of two or more of any of these) of the type disclosed hereinabove can be used in the concentrates of the present invention. Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a natur¬ al or synthetic source without further purification treatment. For example, a shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations, a petroleum oil obtained directly from primary distillation or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment would be an unrefined oil. Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purifica¬ tion techniques are known to those skilled in the art such as solvent extraction, hydrotreating, secondary dis¬ tillation, acid or base extraction, filtration, percola¬ tion, etc. Rerefined oils are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils applied to refined oils which have been already used in service. Such rerefined oils are also known as reclaimed, recy¬ cled or reprocessed oils and often are additionally processed by techniques directed to removal of spent additives and oil breakdown products. (B) Carboxylic Derivatives. Component (B) which is utilized in the lubricat¬ ing oils of the present invention is at least one carbox¬ ylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound containing at least one HN< group, and wherein said acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from a polyalkene charac¬ terized by an Mn value of about 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn ratio of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least about 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups. Generally, the reaction involves from about 0.5 equiva¬ lent to about 2 moles of the amine compound per equiva¬ lent of acylating agent. The carboxylic derivatives (B) are included in the oil compositions to improve dispersancy and VI prop¬ erties of the oil compositions. In general from about 1% to about 10% or 15% by weight of component (B) can be included in the oil compositions, although the oil compo¬ sitions preferably will contain at least 2% and in some instances 3% or more by weight of component (B). The substituted succinic acylating agent (B-1 ) utilized the preparation of the carboxylic derivative (B) can be characterized by the presence within its structure of two groups or moieties. The first group or moiety is referred to hereinafter, for convenience, as the "substituent group(s)" and is derived from a poly¬ alkene. The polyalkene from which the substituted groups are derived is characterized by an Mn (number average molecular weight) value of from about 1300 to about 5000, and an Mw/Mn value of at least about 1.5 and more generally from about 1.5 to about 4.5 or about 1.5 to about 4.0. The abbreviation Mw is the conventional symbol representing the weight average molecular weight. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is a method which provides measurements of molecular sizes from which both weight average and number average molecular weights as well as the entire molecular weight distribution of the polymers may be determined. For purpose of this inven¬ tion a series of fractionated polymers of isobutene, pol isobutene, is used as the calibration standard in the GPC. The techniques for determining Mn and Mw values of polymers are well known and are described in numerous books and articles. For example, methods for the deter¬ mination of Mn and molecular weight distribution of poly¬ mers is described in W.W. Yan, J.J. Kirkland and D.D. Bly, "Modern Size Exclusion Liquid Chro atographs", J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1979. The second group or moiety in the acylating agent is referred to herein as the "succinic group(s)". The succinic groups are those groups characterized by the structure wherein X and X' are the same or different provided at least one of X and X 1 is such that the substituted succinic acylating agent can function as carboxylic acylating agents. That is, at least one of X and X' must be such that the substituted acylating agent can form amides or amine salts with amino compounds, and otherwise function as a conventional carboxylic acid acylating agents. Transesterification and transamida- tion reactions are considered, for purposes of this invention, as conventional acylating reactions. Thus, X and/or X' is usually -OH, -0-hydrocar- byl, -0-M + where M + represents one equivalent of a metal, ammonium or amine cation, -NH2, -Cl, -Br, and together, X and X 1 can be -0- so as to form the anhy¬ dride. The specific identity of any X or X' group which is not one of the above is not critical so long as its presence does not prevent the remaining group from enter¬ ing into acylation reactions. Preferably, however, X and X 1 are each such that both carboxyl functions of the succinic group (i.e., both -C(0)X and -C(0)X' can enter into acylation reactions. One of the unsatisfied valences in the grouping -C-C- of Formula I forms a carbon carbon bond with a carbon atom in the substituent group. While other such unsatis¬ fied valence may be satisfied by a similar bond with the same or different substituent group, all but the said one such valence is usually satisfied by hydrogen; i.e., -H. The substituted succinic acylating agents are characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups (that is, groups corresponding to Formula I) for each equivalent weight of substituent groups. For purposes of this invention, the equivalent weight of substituent groups is deemed to be the number obtained by dividing the Mn value of the polyalkene from which the substituent is derived into the total weight of the substituent groups present in the substituted succinic acylating agents. Thus, if a substituted succinic acylating agent is characterized by a total weight of substituent group of 40,000 and the Mn value for the polyalkene from which the substituent groups are derived is 2000, then that substituted succinic acylating agent is characterized by a total of 20 (40,000/2000=20) equivalent weights of substituent groups. Therefore, that particular succinic acylating agent must also be characterized by the pres¬ ence within its structure of at least 26 succinic groups to meet one of the requirements of the succinic acyla¬ ting agents used in this invention. Another requirement for the substituted succin¬ ic acylating agents is that the substituent groups must have been derived from a polyalkene characterized by an Mw/Mn value of at least about 1.5. The upper limit of Mw/Mn will generally be about 4.5. Values of from 1.5 to about 4.5 are particularly useful. Polyalkenes having the Mn and Mw values discuss¬ ed above are known in the art and can be prepared accord¬ ing to conventional procedures. For example, some of these polyalkenes are described and exemplified in U.S. Patent 4,234,435, and the disclosure of this patent relative to such polyalkenes is hereby incorporated by reference. Several such polyalkenes, especially polybut- enes, are commercially available. In one preferred embodiment, the succinic groups will normally correspond to the formula ( ID wherein R and R 1 are each independently selected from the group consisting of -OH, -Cl, -O-lower alkyl, and when taken together, R and R 1 are -0-. In the latter case, the succinic group is a succinic anhydride group. All the succinic groups in a particular succinic acylat¬ ing agent need not be the same, but they can be the same. Preferably, the succinic groups will correspond to (A) (B) and mixtures of (111(A)) and (111(B)). Providing substi¬ tuted succinic acylating agents wherein the succinic groups are the same or different is within the ordinary skill of the art and can be accomplished through conven¬ tional procedures such as treating the substituted suc¬ cinic acylating agents themselves (for example, hydrolyz- ing the anhydride to the free acid or converting the free acid to an acid chloride with thionyl chloride) and/or selecting the appropriate maleic or fumaric react¬ ants. As previously mentioned, the minimum number of succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substitu¬ ent group is 1.3. The maximum number generally will not exceed 4.5. Generally the minimum will be about 1.4 suc¬ cinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent group. A range based on this minimum is at least 1.4 to about 3.5, and more specifically about 1.4 to about 2.5 succinic groups per equivalent weight of substituent groups. In addition to preferred substituted succinic groups where the preference depends on the number and identity of succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups, still further preferences are based on the identity and characterization of the poly¬ alkenes from which the substituent groups are derived. With respect to the value of Mn for example, a minimum of about 1300 and a maximum of about 5000 are preferred with an Mn value in the range of from about 1500 to about 5000 also being preferred. A more prefer¬ red Mn value is one in the range of from about 1500 to about 2800. A most preferred range of Mn values is from about 1500 to about 2400. Before proceeding to " a further discussion of the polyalkenes from which the substituent groups are derived, it should be pointed out that these preferred characteristics of . the succinic acylating agents are intended to be understood as being both independent and dependent. They are intended to be independent in the sense that, for example, a preference for a minimum of 1.4 or 1.5 succinic groups per equivalent weight of sub¬ stituent groups is not tied to a more preferred value of M or Mw/Mn. They are intended to be dependent in the sense that, for example, when a preference for a minimum of 1.4 or 1.5 succinic groups is combined with more preferred values of Mn and/or Mw/Mn, the combination of preferences does in fact describe still further more preferred embodiments of the invention. Thus, the var¬ ious parameters are intended to stand alone with respect to the particular parameter being discussed but can also be combined with other parameters to identify further preferences. This same concept is intended to apply throughout the specification with respect to the des- cription of preferred values, ranges, ratios, reactants, and the like unless a contrary intent is clearly demon¬ strated or apparent. In one embodiment, when the Mn of a polyalkene is at the lower end of the range, e.g., about 1300, the ratio of succinic groups to substituent groups derived from said polyalkene in the acylating agent is prefer¬ ably higher than the ratio when the Mn is, for example, 1500. Conversely when the Mn of the polyalkene is higher, e.g* * , 2000, the ratio may be lower than when the Mn of the polyalkene is, e.g., 1500. The polyalkenes from which the substituent groups are derived are homopolymers and interpolymers of polymerizable olefin monomers of 2 to about 16 carbon atoms; usually 2 to about 6 carbon atoms. The interpoly¬ mers are those in which two or more olefin monomers are interpolymerized according to well-known conventional procedures to form polyalkenes having units within their structure derived from each of said two or more olefin monomers. Thus, "interpolymer(s)" as used herein is inclusive of copolymers, terpolymers, tetrapolymers, and the like. As will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, the polyalkenes from which the substi¬ tuent groups are derived are often conventionally refer¬ red to as "polyolefin(s)". The olefin monomers from which the polyalkenes are derived are polymerizable olefin monomers character¬ ized by the presence of one or more ethylenically unsat- urated groups (i.e., >C*?C<); that is, they are monoole- finic monomers such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1 , isobutene, and octene-1 or polyolefinic monomers (usual¬ ly diolefinic monomers) such as butadiene-1 ,3 and iso- prene. These olefin monomers are usually polymerizable terminal olefins; that is, olefins characterized by the presence in their structure of the group How¬ ever, polymerizable internal olefin monomers (sometimes referred to in the literature as medial olefins) charac¬ terized by the presence within their structure of the group can also be used to form the polyalkenes. When internal olefin monomers are employed, they normally will be em¬ ployed with terminal olefins to produce polyalkenes which are interpolymers. For purposes of this invention, when a particular polymerized olefin monomer can be classified as both a terminal olefin and an internal olefin, it will be deemed to be a terminal olefin. Thus, 1 ,3-pentadiene (i.e., piperylene) is deemed to be a terminal olefin for purposes of this invention. Some of the substituted succinic acylating agents (B-1 ) useful in preparing the carboxylic esters (B) are known in the art and are described in, for exam¬ ple, U.S. Patent 4,234,435, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The acylating agents described in the '435 patent are characterized as con¬ taining substituent groups derived from polyalkenes having an Mn value of about 1300 to about 5000, and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4. There is a general preference for aliphatic, hydrocarbon polyalkenes free from aromatic and cycloali- phatic groups. Within this general preference, there is a further preference for polyalkenes which are derived from the group consisting of homopolymers and interpoly- mers of terminal hydrocarbon olefins of 2 to about 16 carbon atoms. This further preference is qualified by the proviso that, while interpolymers of terminal ole¬ fins are usually preferred, interpolymers optionally containing up to about 40% of polymer units derived from internal olefins of up to about 16 carbon atoms are also within a preferred group. A more preferred class of polyalkenes are those selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and interpolymers of terminal olefins of 2 to ab ut 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms. However, another preferred class of polyalkenes are the latter more preferred polyalkenes optionally containing up to about 25% of polymer units derived from internal olefins of up to about 6 carbon atoms. Obviously, preparing polyalkenes as described above which meet the various criteria for Mn and Mw/Mn is within the skill of the art and does not comprise part of the present invention. Techniques readily appar¬ ent to those in the art include controlling polymeriza¬ tion temperatures, regulating the amount and type of polymerization initiator and/or catalyst, employing chain terminating groups in the polymerization proced¬ ure, and the like. Other conventional techniques such as stripping (including vacuum stripping) a very light end and/or oxidatively or mechanically degrading high molecular weight polyalkene to produce lower molecular weight polyalkenes can also be used. In preparing the substituted succinic acylating agents of this invention, one or more of the above-des¬ cribed polyalkenes is reacted with one or more acidic reactants selected from the group consisting of maleic or fumaric reactants of the general formula X ( 0 ) C-CH=CH-C ( 0 ) X ' ( IV) wherein X and X' are as defined hereinbefore in Formula I. Preferably the maleic and fumaric reactants will be one or more compounds corresponding to the formula RC(0)-CH=CH-C(0)R' (V) wherein R and R 1 are as previously defined in Formula II herein. Ordinarily, the maleic or fumaric reactants will be maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, or a mixture of two or more of these. The maleic reactants are usually preferred over the fumaric reactants because the former are more readily available and are, in gen¬ eral, more readily reacted with the polyalkenes (or derivatives thereof) to prepare the substituted succinic acylating agents of the present invention. The especial¬ ly preferred reactants are maleic acid, maleic anhy¬ dride, and mixtures of these. Due to availability and ease of reaction, maleic anhydride will usually be em¬ ployed. Examples of patents describing various proce¬ dures for preparing useful acylating agents include U.S. Patents 3,215,707 (Rense); 3,219,666 (Norman et al); 3,231,587 (Rense); 3,912,764 (Palmer); 4,110,349 (Cohen); and 4,234,435 (Meinhardt et al); and U.K. 1,440,219. The disclosures of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference. For convenience and brevity, the term "maleic reactant" is often used hereinafter. When used, it should be understood that the term is generic to acidic reactants selected from maleic and fumaric reactants corresponding to Formulae (IV) and (V) above including a mixture of such reactants. The acylating reagents described above are intermediates in processes for preparing the carboxylic derivative compositions (B) comprising reacting (B-1 ) one or more acylating reagents with (B-2) at least one amino compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group. The amino compound (B-2) characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group can be a monoamine or polyamine compound. Mixtures of two or more amino compounds can be used in the reaction with one or more acylating reagents of this invention. Preferably, the amino compound contains at least one primary amino group (i.e., - H 2 ) and more preferably the amine is a polyamine, especially a polyamine con¬ taining at least two -NH- groups, either or both of which are primary or secondary amines. The amines may be- aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic amines. The polyamines not only result in carboxylic acid derivative compositions which are usually more effective as dispersant/detergent additives, relative to derivative compositions derived from monoamines, but these preferred polyamines result in carboxylic deriva¬ tive compositions which exhibit more pronounced V.I. improving properties. Among the preferred amines are the alkylene polyamines, including the polyalkylene polyamines. The alkylene polyamines include those conforming to the formula wherein n is from 1 to about 10; each R~ is indepen¬ dently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbyl group or a hydroxy-substituted or amine-substituted hydrocarbyl • 3 group having up to about 30 atoms, or two R J groups on different nitrogen atoms can be joined together to form a U group, with the proviso that at least one R group is a hydrogen atom and U is an alkylene group of about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms. Preferably U is ethylene or propylene. Especially preferred are the alkylene poly- amines where each R J is hydrogen or an amino-substi- tuted hydrocarbyl group with the ethylene polyamines and mixtures of ethylene polyamines being the most prefer¬ red. Usually n will have an average value of from about 2 to about 7. Such alkylene polyamines include methyl- ene polyamine, ethylene polyamines, butylene polyamines, propylene polyamines, pentylene polyamines, hexylene polyamines, heptylene polyamines, etc. The higher homo- logs of such amines and related amino alkyl-substituted piperazines are also included. Alkylene polyamines useful in preparing the carboxylic derivative compositions (B) include ethylene diamine, triethylene tetramine, propylene diamine, tri- methylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, decamethy ene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, decamethylene diamine, octamethylene diamine, di(heptamethylene) triamine, tripropylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, trimeth- ylene diamine, pentaethylene hexamine, di(trimethylene)- triamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, 1 ,4-bis(2,aminoeth- yDpiperazine, and the like. Higher homologs as are obtained by condensing two or more of the above-illus¬ trated alkylene amines are useful, as are mixtures of two or more of any of the afore-described polyamines. Ethylene polyamines, such as those mentioned above, are especially useful for reasons of cost and effectiveness. Such polyamines are described in detail under the heading "Diamines and Higher Amines" in The Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Second Edition, Kirk and Othmer, Volume 7, pages 27-39, Interscience Publishers, Division of John Wiley and Sons, 1965, which is hereby incorporated by reference for the disclosure of useful polyamines. Such compounds are prepared most conveniently by the reaction of an alkylene chloride with ammonia or by reaction of an ethylene imine with a ring-opening reagent such as ammonia, etc. These reac¬ tions result in the production of the somewhat complex mixtures of alkylene polyamines, including cyclic conden¬ sation products such as piperazines. The mixtures are particularly useful in preparing carboxylic derivative (B) useful in this.invention. On the other hand, quite satisfactory products can also be obtained by the use of pure alkylene polyamines. Other useful types of polyamine mixtures are those resulting from stripping of the above-described polyamine mixtures. In this instance, lower molecular weight polyamines and volatile contaminants are removed from an alkylene polyamine mixture to leave as residue what is often termed "polyamine bottoms". In general, alkylene polyamine bottoms can be characterized as having less than two, usually less than 1% (by weight) material boiling below about 200°C. In the instance of ethylene polyamine bottoms, which are readily available and found to be quite useful, the bottoms contain less than about 2% (by weight) total diethylene triamine (DETA) or triethylene tetramine (TETA). A typical sample of such ethylene polyamine bottoms obtained from the Dow Chemical Company of Freeport, Texas designated "E-100" showed a specific gravity at 15.6°C of 1.0168, a percent nitrogen by weight of 33.15 and a viscosity at 40°C of 121 centistokes. Gas chromatography analysis of such a sample showed it to contain about 0.93% "Light Ends" (most probably DETA), 0.72% TETA, 21.74% tetraethylene pentamine and 76.61% pentaethylene hexamine and higher (by weight). These alkylene polyamine bottoms include cyclic condensation products such as piperazine and high¬ er analogs of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and the like. Other polyamines which can be reacted with the acylating agents (B-1 ) in accordance with this invention are described in, for example, U.S. Patents 3,219,666 and 4,234,435, and these patents are hereby incorporated by reference for their disclosures of amines which can be reacted with the acylating agents described above to form the carboxylic derivatives (B) of this invention. The carboxylic derivative compositions (B) pro¬ duced from the acylating reagents (B-1 ) and the amino compounds (B-2) described hereinbefore comprise acylated amines which include amine salts, amides, imides and imidazolines as well as mixtures thereof. To prepare the carboxylic acid derivatives from the acylating rea¬ gents and the amino compounds, one or more acylating reagents and one or more amino compounds are heated, optionally in the presence of a normally liquid, substan¬ tially inert organic liquid solvent/diluent, at tempera¬ tures in the range of about 80°C up to the decomposition point (where the decomposition point is as previously defined) but normally at temperatures in the range of about 100°C up to about 300°C provided 300°C does not exceed the decomposition point. Temperatures of about 125°C to about 250°C are normally used. The acylating reagent and the amino compound are reacted in amounts sufficient to provide from about one-half equivalent up to about 2 moles of amino compound per equivalent of acylating reagent. Because the acylating .reagents (B-1 ) can be re¬ acted with the amine compounds (B-2) in the same manner as the high molecular weight acylating agents of the prior art are reacted with amines, U.S. Patents 3,172,892; 3,219,666; 3,272,746; and 4,234,435 are expressly incorporated herein by reference for their dis¬ closures with respect to the procedures applicable to reacting the acylating reagents with the amino compounds as described above. In order to produce carboxylic derivative com¬ positions exhibiting viscosity improving capabilities, it has been found, generally necessary to react the acylating reagents with polyfunctional amine reactants. For example, polyamines having two or more primary and/or secondary amino groups are preferred. Obviously, however, it is not necessary that all of the amino com¬ pound reacted with the acylating reagents be polyfunc¬ tional. Thus, combinations of mono and polyfunctional amino compounds be used. In one embodiment, the acylating agent is react¬ ed with from about 0.70 equivalent to less than 1 equiv¬ alent (e.g., about 0.95 equivalent) of amino compound, per equivalent of acylating agent. The lower limit on the equivalents of amino compound may be 0.75 or even 0.80 up to about 0.90 or 0.95 equivalent, per equivalent of acylating agent. Thus narrower ranges of equivalents of acylating agents (B-1 ) to amino compounds (B-2) may be from about 0.70 to about 0.90 or about 0.75 to about 0.90 or about 0.75 to about 0.85. It appears, at least in some situations, that when the equivalent of amino compound is about 0.75 or less, per equivalent of acylat¬ ing agent, the effectiveness of the carboxylic deriva¬ tives as dispersants is reduced. In one embodiment, the relative amounts of acylating agent and amine are such that the carboxylic derivative preferably contains no free carboxyl groups. In another embodiment, the acylating agent is reacted with from about 1.0 to about 1.1 or up to about 1.5 equivalents of amino compound, per equivalent of acylating agent. Increasing amounts of the amino com¬ pound also can be used. The amount of amine compound (B-2) within the above ranges that is reacted with the acylating agent (B-1 ) may also depend in part on the number and type of nitrogen atoms present. For example, a smaller amount of a polyamine containing one or more -NH groups is required to react with a given acylating agent than a polyamine having the same number of nitrogen atoms and fewer or no -NH2 groups. One -NH group can react with two -COOH groups to form an imide. If only second¬ ary nitrogens are present in the amine compound, each >NH group can react with only one -COOH group. Accord¬ ingly, the amount of polyamine within the above ranges to be reacted with the acylating agent to form the car¬ boxylic derivatives of the invention can be readily determined from a consideration of the number and types of nitrogen atoms in the polyamine (i.e.., -NH2, >NH, and >N-). In addition to the relative amounts of acylat¬ ing agent and amino compound used to form the carboxylic derivative composition (B), other features of the carbox- ylic derivative compositions used in this invention are the Mn and the Mw/Mn values of the polyalkene as well as the presence within the acylating agents of an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups. When all of these fea¬ tures are present in the carboxylic derivative composi¬ tions (B), the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention exhibit novel and improved properties, and the lubricating oil compositions are characterized by improved performance in combustion engines. The ratio of succinic groups to the equivalent weight of substituent group present • in the acylating agent can be determined from the saponification number of the reacted mixture corrected to account for unreact¬ ed polyalkene present in the reaction mixture at the end of the reaction (generally referred to as filtrate or residue in the following examples). Saponification num¬ ber is determined using the ASTM D-94 procedure. The formula for calculating the ratio from the saponifica¬ tion number is as follows: Ratio = (Mn)(Sap No..corrected) 112,200-98(Sap No. ,corrected) The corrected saponification number is obtained by dividing the saponification number by the percent of the polyalkene that has reacted. For example, if 10% of the polyalkene did not react and the saponification number of the filtrate or residue is 95, the corrected saponification number is 95 divided by 0.90 or 105.5. The preparation of the acylating agents is illustrated in the following Examples 1-3 and the prepar¬ ation of the carboxylic acid derivative compositions (B) is illustrated by the following Examples B-1 to B-26. In the following examples, and elsewhere in the specifi¬ cation and claims, all percentages and parts are by weight, temperatures are in degrees Celsius and pres¬ sures are at or near atmospheric unless otherwise clear¬ ly indicated. Acylating Agents: Example 1 A mixture of 510 parts (0.28 mole) of polyisobu- tene (Mn=1845; Mw=5325) and 59 parts (0.59 mole) of maleic anhydride is heated to 110°C. This mixture is heated to 190°C in 7 hours during which 43 parts (0.6 mole) of gaseous chlorine is added beneath the surface. At 190-192°C an additional 11 parts (0.16 mole) of chlorine is added over 3.5 hours. The reaction mixture is stripped by heating at 190-193°C with nitrogen blow¬ ing for 10 hours. The residue is the desired polyiso- butene-substituted jsuccinic acylating agent having a saponification equivalent number of 87 as determined by ASTM procedure D-94. Example 2 A mixture of 1000 parts (0.495 mole) of polyiso- butene (Mn=2020; Mw=6049) and 115 parts (1.17 moles) of maleic anhydride is heated to 110°C. This mixture is heated to 184°C in 6 hours during which 85 parts (1.2 moles) of gaseous chlorine is added beneath the surface. At 184-189°C an additional 59 parts (0.83 mole) of chlor¬ ine is added over 4 hours. The reaction mixture is strip¬ ped by heating at 186-190°C with nitrogen blowing for 26 hours. The residue is the desired polyisobutene-substi- tuted succinic acylating agent having a saponification equivalent number of 87 as determined by ASTM procedure D-94. Example 3 A mixture parts of polyisobutene chloride, pre¬ pared by the addition of 251 parts of gaseous chlorine to 3000 parts of polyisobutene (Mn=1696; Mw=6594) at 80°C in 4.66 hours, and 345 parts of maleic anhydride is heated to 200°C in 0.5 hour. The reaction mixture is held at 200-224°C for 6.33 hours, stripped at 210°C under vacuum and filtered. The filtrate is the desired polyisobutene-substituted succinic acylating agent hav¬ ing a saponification equivalent number of 94 as determin¬ ed by ASTM procedure D-94. Carboxylic Derivative Compositions (B): Example B-1 A mixture is prepared by the addition of 10.2 parts (0.25 equivalent) of a commercial mixture of ethylene polyamines having from about 3 to about 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule to 113 parts of mineral oil and 161 parts (0.25 equivalent) of the substituted succinic acylating agent prepared in Example 1 at 138°C. The reaction mixture is heated to 150°C in 2 hours and stripped by blowing with nitrogen. The reaction mixture is filtered to yield the product as an oil solution. Example B-2 A mixture is prepared by the addition of 57 parts (1.38 equivalents) of a commercial mixture of ethylene polyamines having from about 3 to 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule to 1067 parts of mineral oil and 893 parts (1.38 equivalents) of the substituted succinic acylating agent prepared in Example 2 at 140-145°C. The reaction mixture is heated to 155°C in 3 hours and strip¬ ped by blowing with nitrogen. The reaction mixture is filtered, and the filtrate as the desired product. Example B-3 A mixture of 1132 parts of mineral oil and 709 parts (1.2 equivalents) of a substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agent prepared as in Example 1 is prepared, and a solution of 56.8 parts of piperazine (1.32 equivalents) in 200 parts of water is added slowly from a dropping funnel to the above mixture at 130-140°C over approxi¬ mately 4 hours. Heating is continued to 160°C as water is removed. The mixture is maintained at 160-165°C for one hour and cooled overnight. After reheating the mix¬ ture to 160°C, the mixture is maintained at this tempera¬ ture for 4 hours. Mineral oil (270 parts) is added, and the mixture is filtered at 150°C through a filter aid. The filtrate is the desired product containing 65% oil and 0.65% nitrogen (theory, 0.86%). Example B-4 A mixture of 1968 parts of mineral oil and 1508 parts (2.5 equivalents) a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 is heated to 145°C where¬ upon 125.6 parts (3.0 equivalents) of a commercial mix¬ ture of ethylene polyamines as used in Example B-1 are added over a period of 2 hours while maintaining the reaction temperature at 145-150°C. The reaction mixture is stirred for 5.5 hours at 150-152°C while blowing with nitrogen. The mixture is filtered at 150°C with a fil¬ ter aid. The filtrate is the desired product containing 55% oil and 1.20% nitrogen (theory, 1.17). Example B-5 A mixture of 1503 parts of mineral oil and 1220 parts (2 equivalents) of a substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agent prepared as in Example 1 is heated to 110°C whereupon 120 parts (3 equivalents) of a commercial mix¬ ture of ethylene polyamines of the type used in Example B-1 are added over a period of about 50 minutes. The reaction mixture is stirred an additional 30 minutes at 110°C, and the temperature is then raised to and main¬ tained at about 151°C for 4 hours. A filter aid is added and the mixture is filtered. The filtrate is the desired product containing 53.2% oil and 1.44% nitrogen (theory, 1.49). Example B-6 A mixture of 3111 parts of mineral oil and 844 parts (21 equivalents) of a commercial mixture of ethyl¬ ene polyamine as used in Example B-1 is heated to 140°C whereupon 3885 parts (7.0 equivalents) of a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 are added over a period of about 1.75 hours as the tempera¬ ture increases to about 150°C. While blowing with nitro¬ gen, the mixture is maintained at 150-155°C for a period of about 6 hours and thereafter filtered with a filter aid at 130°C. The filtrate is the desired product containing 40% oil and 3.5% nitrogen (theory, 3.78). Example B-7 A mixture is prepared by the addition of 18.2 parts (0.433 equivalent) of a commercial mixture of ethylene polyamines having from about 3 to 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule to 392 parts of mineral oil and 348 parts (0.52 equivalent) of the substituted succinic acyl¬ ating agent prepared in Example 2 at 140°C. The reac¬ tion mixture is heated to 150°C in 1.8 hours and strip¬ ped by blowing with nitrogen. The reaction mixture is filtered to yield the filtrate which is the desired product containing 55% oil. Example B-8 An appropriate size flask fitted with a stir- rer, nitrogen inlet tube, addition funnel and Dean- Stark trap/condenser is charged with a mixture of 2483 parts acylating agent (4.2 equivalents) as described in Example 3, and 1104 parts oil. This mixture is heated to 210°C while nitrogen was slowly bubbled through the mixture. Ethylene polyamine bottoms (134 parts, 3.14 equivalents) are slowly added over about one hour at this temperature. The temperature is maintained at about 210°C for 3 hours and then 3688 parts oil is added to decrease the temperature to 125°C. After storage at 138°C for 17.5 hours, the mixture is filtered through diatomaceous earth to provide the desired acylated amine bottoms containing 65% oil. Example B-9 A mixture of 3660 parts (6 equivalents) of a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 in 4664 parts of diluent oil is prepared and heated at about 110°C whereupon nitrogen is blown through the mixture. To this mixture there are then added 210 parts (5.25 equivalents) of a commercial mixture of ethylene polyamines containing from about 3 to about 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule over a period of one hour and the mixture is maintained at 110°C for an additional 0.5 hour. After heating for 6 hours at 155°C while removing water, a filtrate is added and the reac¬ tion mixture is filtered at about 150°C. The filtrate is the desired product. Example B-10 The general procedure of Example B-9 is repeat¬ ed with the exception that 0.8 equivalent of a substi¬ tuted succinic acylating agent as prepared in Example 1 is reacted with 0.67 equivalent of the commercial mix¬ ture of ethylene polyamines. The product obtained in this manner is an oil solution containing 55% diluent oil. Example B-11 The general procedure of Example B-9 is repeat¬ ed except that the polyamine used in this example is an equivalent amount of an alkylene polyamine mixture com¬ prising 80% of ethylene polyamine bottoms from Union Carbide and 20% of a commercial mixture of ethylene poly¬ amines corresponding in empirical formula to diethylene triamine. This polyamine mixture is characterized as having an equivalent weight of about 43.3. Example B-12 • The general procedure of Example B-9 is repeat¬ ed except that the polyamine utilized in this example comprises a mixture of 80 parts by weight of ethylene polyamine bottoms available from Dow and 20 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine. This mixture of amines has an equivalent weight of about 41.3. Example B-13 A mixture of 444 parts (0.7 equivalent) of a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 and 563 parts of mineral oil is prepared and heated to 140°C whereupon 22.2 parts of an ethylene polyamine mixture corresponding in empirical formula to triethylene tetramine (0.58 equivalent) are added over a period of one hour as the temperature is maintained at 140°C. The mixture is blown with nitrogen as it is heated to 150°C and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours while removing water. The mixture then is filter¬ ed through a filter aid at about 135°C, and the filtrate is the desired product comprising about 55% of mineral oil. Example B-14 A mixture of 422 parts (0.7 equivalent) of a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 and 188 parts of mineral oil is prepared and heated to 210°C whereupon 22.1 parts (0.53 equivalent) of a commercial mixture of ethylene polyamine bottoms from Dow (E-100) are added over a period of one hour blowing with nitrogen. The temperature then is increas¬ ed to about 210-216°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. Mineral oil (625 parts) is added and the mixture is maintained at 135°C for about 17 hours where¬ upon the mixture is filtered and the filtrate is the desired product containing 65% oil. Example B-15 A mixture of 414 parts (0.71 equivalent) of a substituted succinic acylating agent prepared as in Exam¬ ple 1 and 184 parts of mineral oil is prepared and heat¬ ed to about 80°C whereupon 22.4 parts (0.534 equivalent) of melamine are added. The mixture is heated to 160°C over a period of about 2 hours and maintained at this temperature for 5 hours. After cooling overnight, the mixture is heated to 170°C over 2.5 hours and to 215°C over a period of 1.5 hours. The mixture is maintained at about 215°C for about 4 hours and at about 220°C for 6 hours. After cooling overnight, the reaction mixture is filtered at 150°C through a filter aid. The filtrate is the desired product containing 30% mineral oil. Example B-16 A mixture of 414 parts (0.71 equivalent) of a substituted acylating agent prepared as in Example 1 and 184 parts of mineral oil is heated to 210°C whereupon 21 parts (0.53 equivalent) of a commercial mixture of ethyl¬ ene polyamine corresponding in empirical formula to tetraethylene pentamine are added over a period of 0.5 hour as the temperature is maintained at about 210- 217°C. Upon completion of the addition of the poly- amine, the mixture is maintained at 217°C for 3 hours while blowing with nitrogen. Mineral oil is added (613 parts) and the mixture is maintained at about 135°C for 17 hours and filtered. The filtrate is the desired product containing 65% mineral oil. (C) Manganese Compound. The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention contain at least one manganese compound in an amount which is sufficient to provide from 1 to about 500 ppm of manganese as metal, provided that the mangan¬ ese compound is not a neutral manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate. In one embodiment, the manganese compounds are soluble in the lubricating oil composi¬ tions of the invention. The manganese compounds (C) gen¬ erally are salts of acidic materials, and in particular, salts of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, and phenols. In another embodiment, the amount of manganese compound in the oil will provide from about 50 to about 300 ppm of manganese as metal. The manganese compounds may be neutral manganese compounds or "overbased" manganese compounds, and the overbased manganese compounds general¬ ly are preferred. The term "overbased" as applied to the manganese compounds utilized in the present inven¬ tion is an indication that the compounds contain more manganese than is required to neutralize the acid. Thus, overbased manganese salts contain more than one equiva¬ lent of metal per equivalent of acid. Overbased magne¬ sium salts of acidic materials such as carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, phenols and phosphorus acids are known and have been described in the art. See, for example, U.S. Patent 4,162,986 (Alkaitis); U.S. Patent 3,827,979 (Piotrowski et al); U.S. Patent 3,312,618 (LeSuer et al); U.S. Patents 2,616,904 and '905 (Aseff et al); and U.S. Patent 4,252,659 (Ali). It should be noted that although neutral manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioates are not included in the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention, overbased manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioates are contemplated as being useful manganese compounds. The overbased manganese salts are preferred because they provide high manganese content with retention of solubility and are useful, therefore, for introducing high amounts of metal while minimizing the amount of acidic compound introduced into the lubricat¬ ing oil which merely serves as a carrier for the manga¬ nese metal. As noted, the metal- o-acid mole ratios of overbased manganese compounds is greater than 1 to 1 and is generally greater than 2 to 1. The mole ratio of metal-to-acid in overbased compounds often is referred to as the Metal Ratio. The organic acids used in the preparation of the manganese salts contain carbon atoms and include carboxylic acids, particularly those containing from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, sulfonic acids, particularly those containing an aromatic ring structure substituted with one or more alkyl groups of from 4 to about 22 carbon atoms, phenolic compounds, particularly hydrocar¬ bon-substituted phenols; and when the manganese compound is an overbased compound, phosphorus compounds contain¬ ing within their structures, one or more organic groups of from 1 to about 30 or more carbon atoms. All of these acidic materials are well known in the art. The carboxylic acids can be aliphatic, cycloali- phatic, or aromatic mono- and polycarboxylic acids. Monocarboxylic acids include ~ -\ _.η lower acids (acetic, propionic, etc) and higher C β + acids (e.g., octanoic, decanoic, etc.) as well as the well known fatty acids of about 12-30 carbon atoms. The fatty acids are often mixtures or straight and branched chain acids contain¬ ing, for example, from 5% to about 30% straight chain acids and about 70% to about 95% (mole) branched chain acids. Other commercially available fatty acid mixtures containing much higher proportions of straight chain acids are also useful. Mixtures produced from dimeriza- tion of unsaturated fatty acids can also be used. Higher carboxylic acids include the well-known dicarboxylic acids made by alkylating maleic anhydride or its derivatives. The products of such reactions are hydrocarbon substituted succinic acids, anhydrides, and the like. Lower molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, such as the polymethylene bridged acids (glutaric, adipic, and the like), can also be used to make the salts of this invention as well as the lower molecular weight substituted succinic acids such as tetrapropenyl succinic acid and its analogs of to about C30 substi¬ tuted acids. Higher molecular weight substituted succinic anhydrides, acids, and analogs described above in the preparation of the dispersants (B) are also useful in making the manganese salts of this invention. The aliphatic acids generally contain at least 8 carbon atoms and preferably at least 12 carbon atoms. Usually they have no more than about 400 carbon atoms. Generally, if the aliphatic carbon chain is branched, the acids are more oil-soluble for any given carbon atoms content. The cycloaliphatic and aliphatic carbox¬ ylic acids can be saturated or unsaturated. Specific examples include 2-ethylhexanoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, propylene-tetramer-substituted succinic acid, behenic acid, isostearic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, undecylic acid, dioctylcy- clopentane carboxylic acid, myristic acid, dilauryldeca- hydronaphthalene carboxylic acid, stearyl-octahydro- indene carboxylic acid, palmitic acid, commercially available mixtures of two or more carboxylic acids such as tall oil acids, rosin acids, and the like. The manganese salts also can be of oil-soluble organic sulfur acids such as sulfonic, sulfamic, thiosul- fonic, sulfinic, sulfenic, partial ester sulfuric, sul- furous and thiosulfuric acid. Generally they are salts of carboxylic or aliphatic sulfonic acids. Examples of such carbocyclic or aliphatic sul¬ fonic acids are mahogany sulfonic acids; bright stock sulfonic acids; sulfonic acids derived from lubricating oil fraction having a Saybolt Viscosity from about 100 seconds at 100°F to about 200 seconds at 210°F; petrola¬ tum sulfonic acids; mono- and polywax substituted sulfon¬ ic and polysulfonic acids of, e.g., benzene, naphtha¬ lene, phenol, diphenyl ether, naphthalene disulfide, diphenyl amine, thiophene, alpha-chloronaphthalene, etc.; other substituted sulfonic acids such as alkyl benzene sulfonic acids (where the alkyl group has at least 8 carbon atoms), cetylphenyl mono-sulfide sulfonic acids, dicetyl thianthrene disulfonic acids, dilauryl beta-naphthyl sulfonic acids, dicapryl nitronaphthalene sulfonic acids and alkaryl sulfonic acids such as dode- cylbenzene (bottoms) sulfonic acids. Dodecylbenzene (bottoms) are principally mixtures of mono- and di-dode- cylbenzenes. The aliphatic sulfonic acids include paraffin wax sulfonic acids, unsaturated paraffin wax sulfonic acids, hydroxy-substituted paraffin wax sulfonic acids, hexapropylene sulfonic acids, tetra-amylene sulfonic acids, polyisobutene sulfonic acids wherein the polyiso¬ butene contains from 20 to 7000 or more carbon atoms chloro-substituted paraffin wax sulfonic acids, nitro- paraffin wax sulfonic acids, etc.; cycloaliphatic sul¬ fonic acids such as petroleum naphthene sulfonic acids, cetyl cyclopentyl sulfonic acids, lauryl cyclohexyl sul¬ fonic acids, bis-(di-isobutyl) cyclohexyl sulfonic acids, mono- or poly-wax-substituted cyclohexyl sulfonic acids, etc. Further details concerning sulfonic acids used herein can be found in U.S. Patents 2,616,905; 3,027,325; 3,312,618; 3,350,308; 3,471,403; 3,488,284; 3,595,790; 3,798,012; 3,829,381; 4,100,083; and 4,326,972. These are hereby incorporated by reference for their disclosures in this regard. Neutral and overbased manganese salts of phenolic compounds (phenates) also are useful in the lubricants of this invention. Hydrocarbon-substituted phenols, sulfurized phenols and alkylene (e.g., methyl- ene) coupled phenols also are useful. Mixtures of phenols can be used to prepare the manganese salts, or mixtures of separately prepared manganese phenates can be included in the lubricating oils of this invention. Typically, the organic acids used to make the manganese salts used in this invention are carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, or mixtures thereof. A particu¬ larly useful group of manganese salts are those described in U.S. Patent 4,162,986 to Alkaitis et al which is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosure of manganese compositions and, particularly, of manganese salts of organic acids which are useful in the composition of the present invention. It should be noted that the manganese salts used in this invention are preferably overbased. Such salts are known to the art. See, for example, the just cited U.S. Patent 4,162,986 as well as the following U.S. Patents 3,827,979; 4,252,659; 4,505,718; and 4,664,677. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference for their disclosure of overbased manganese salts of organic acids. Particularly useful overbased manganese salts of organic acids which are highly overbased manganese metal organic compositions comprising manganese oxide- hydroxide-carboxylate complexes wherein the metal con¬ tent is in chemical combination partly with oxygen in a polynuclear metal oxide crystallite core and partly with at least two different monocarboxylic acids or a mixture of one or more monocarboxylic and monosulfonic acids con¬ taining at least 2 carbon atoms as hydroxyl-metal-carbox- ylate and hydroxyl-metal-sulfonate groups, at least one of the acids being a monocarboxylic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms, and when the second acid is also a monocarboxylic acid, the second acid contains a number of carbon atoms in its longest chain differing by at least 2 carbon atoms from the total number of carbon atoms in the other, at least a portion of the carboxyl- ate and sulfonate groups being hydrogen bonded to oxygen atoms of the core, and the remainder of the carboxylate and sulfonate groups are unbonded and in equilibrium with the bonded groups, and the ratio of total metal moles to the total moles of organic acid is greater than one. These preferred compositions and their method of preparation are described in more detail in U.S. Patent 4,162,986, and in particular, in Cols. 8-14, and the entire patent is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosure regarding such manganese salts. Useful overbased manganese salts containing high concentrations of manganese are commercially avail¬ able from Mooney Chemical Company: FOA 910™ liquid carboxylate containing 40% manganese as metal; and 12% Manganese CEM-ALL®. Overbased manganese salts made from phosphorus acids also are useful in the lubricants of the inven¬ tion. The phosphorus acids may be represented by the formula wherein R 1' and R"_? are each independently hydrocar¬ bon groups; X , X , X 3 and X are each independent¬ ly oxygen or sulfur; and a and b are each zero or 1. The preparation of overbased manganese salts of such phosphorus acids is described in the prior art such as U.S. Patent 2,695,910 (Asseff et al). This patent is incorporated herein for its disclosure of such overbased manganese salts. In addition to the above-described and required carboxylic derivative dispersants (B) and manganese compounds (C), the lubricants may, and generally do, contain other additives to provide additional desirable properties to the oil which are required for acceptable performance in gasoline and diesel engines. Such addi¬ tives include anti-wear additives such as metal phosphor¬ odithioates, detergents, other dispersants including carboxylic ester derivatives, etc. (D) Metal Dihydrocarbyl Phosphorodithioates. In another embodiment, the oil compositions of the present invention also contain (D) at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate characterized by the formula wherein R 1' and R" are each independently hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to about 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal, and n is an integer equal to the valence of M. Generally, the oil compositions of the present invention will contain varying amounts of one or more of the above-identified metal phosphorodithioates such as from about 0.01% to about 5% or from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight, and more generally from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight based on the weight of the total oil composition. The metal phosphorodithioates are added to the lubricating oil compositions of the inven¬ tion to improve the anti-wear and antioxidant properties of the oil compositions. The hydrocarbyl groups R 1 and R_? in the phosphorodithioate of Formula VIII may be alkyl, cyclo¬ alkyl, aralkyl or alkaryl groups, or a substantially hydrocarbon group of similar structure. By "substantial¬ ly hydrocarbon" is meant hydrocarbons which contain sub¬ stituent groups such as ether, ester, nitro, or halogen which do not materially affect the hydrocarbon character of the group. Illustrative alkyl groups include isopropyl, isobutyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, the various amyl groups, n-hexyl, methylisobutyl carbinyl, heptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, diisobutyl, isooctyl, nonyl, behenyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, etc. Illustrative lower alkylphenyl groups include xylyl, cresyl, butylphenyl, amylphenyl, heptyl- phenyl, etc. Cycloalkyl groups likewise are useful and these include chiefly cyclohexyl and the lower alkyl-cy- clohexyl radicals. Many substituted hydrocarbon groups may also be used, e.g., chloropentyl, dichlorophenyl, and dichlorodecyl. The phosphorodithioic acids from which the metal salts useful in this invention are prepared are well known. Examples of dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioic acids and metal salts, and processes for preparing such acids and salts are found in, for example, U.S. Patents 4,263,150; 4,289,635; 4,308,154; and 4,417,990. These patents are hereby incorporated by reference for such disclosures. The phosphorodithioic acids are prepared by the reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide with an alcohol or phenol or mixtures of alcohols, mixtures of phenols or mixtures of alcohols and phenols. The reaction involves four moles of the alcohol or phenol per mole of phosphor¬ us pentasulfide, and may be carried out within the temp¬ erature range from about 50°C to about 200°C, preferably from about 50°C to about 150°C. Thus the preparation of 0,0-di-n-hexyl phosphorodithioic acid involves the reac¬ tion of phosphorus pentasulfide with four moles of n-hexyl alcohol at about 100°C for about two hours. Hydrogen sulfide is liberated and the residue is the defined acid. The preparation of the metal salt of this acid may be effected by reaction with metal oxide. Simply mixing and heating these two reactants is suffi¬ cient to cause the reaction to take place and the result- -47- ing product is sufficiently pure for the purposes of this invention. The metal salts of dihydrocarbyl phosphorodi¬ thioates which are useful in this invention include those salts containing Group I metals. Group II metals, aluminum, lead, tin, manganese,, cobalt, and nickel. The Group II metals, tin, iron, cobalt, lead, manganese, nickel and copper are among the preferred metals. Zinc and copper are especially useful metals. Examples of metal compounds which may be reacted with the acid include lithium oxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrox¬ ide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, silver oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, strontium hydroxide, cadmium oxide, cad¬ mium hydroxide, barium oxide, iron carbonate, copper hydroxide, lead hydroxide, tin butylate, cobalt hydrox¬ ide, nickel hydroxide, nickel carbonate, etc. In some instances, the incorporation of certain ingredients such as small amounts of the metal acetate or acetic acid in conjunction with the metal reactant will facilitate the reaction and result in an improved product. For example, the use of up to about 5% of zinc acetate in combination with the required amount of zinc oxide facilitates the formation of a zinc phosphorodi¬ thioate. In one preferred embodiment, the alkyl groups 1 2 R' and R are derived from secondary alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, secondary butyl alcohol, 2-pentan- ol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-hexanol, 3-hexanol, etc. Especially useful metal phosphorodithioates can be prepared from phosphorodithioic acids which in turn are prepared by the reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide with mixtures of alcohols. In addition, the use of such mixtures enables the utilization of lower cost alcohols which in themselves may not yield oil-soluble phosphoro¬ dithioic acids. Thus a mixture of isopropyl and hexyl alcohols can be used to produce a very effective, oil- soluble metal phosphorodithioate. For the same reason mixtures of phosphorodithioic acids can be reacted with the metal compounds to form less expensive, oil-soluble salts. The mixtures of alcohols may be mixtures of dif¬ ferent primary alcohols, mixtures of different secondary alcohols or mixtures of primary and secondary alcohols. Examples of useful mixtures include: n-butanol and n-oc- tanol; n-pentanol and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol; isobutanol and n-hexanol; isobutanol and isoa yl alcohol; isopropanol and 4-methyl-2-pentanol; isopropanol and sec-butyl alco¬ hol; isopropanol and isooctyl alcohol; etc. Particularly useful alcohol mixtures are mixtures of secondary alco¬ hols containing at least about 20 mole percent of isopro¬ pyl alcohol, and in a preferred embodiment, at least 40 mole percent of isopropyl alcohol. In another embodiment, the lubricating oil com¬ positions of the invention contain a mixture of metal salts of dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioic acids wherein in at least one of the dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioic acids, one the hydrocarbyl groups (D-1 ) is an isopropyl or secondary butyl group, the other hydrocarbyl group (D-2) contains at least five carbon atoms, and at least about 20 mole percent of all of the hydrocarbyl groups present in (D) are isopropyl groups, secondary butyl groups or mixtures thereof. In yet another embodiment, the lubricating oil compositions contain a mixture of metal salts of dihydro- carbyl phosphorodithioic acids wherein in at least one of the phosphorodithioic acids, one of the hydrocarbyl groups (D-1 ) is an isopropyl or secondary butyl group and the other hydrocarbyl group (D-2) contains at least five carbon atoms, and the lubricating oil composition contains at least about 0.05 weight percent of isopropyl groups, secondary butyl groups, or mixtures thereof derived from (D). In a further embodiment, the lubricat¬ ing oil compositions of the invention may contain at least about 0.08 weight percent of isopropyl and/or secondary butyl groups derived from (D) . The amount of isopropyl or secondary butyl groups derived from (D) in the oil or to be added to the oil can be calculated using the following formula: wt % of iPr or s-butyl groups == wt % of P in oil x 2(43* or 57*) x mole % of iPr or s-butyl groups in 31* 100 hydrocarbon mixture of (D) *43 is formula weight of an isopropyl group. *57 is formula weight of a secondary butyl group. *31 is atomic weight of phosphorus. The alcohol mixtures which are utilized in the preparation of the phosphorodithioic acids of this last embodiment comprise mixtures of isopropyl alcohol, secon¬ dary butyl alcohol or a mixture of isopropyl and secon¬ dary butyl alcohols, and at least one primary or alipha¬ tic alcohol containing from about 5 to 13 carbon atoms. In particular, the alcohol mixture will contain at least 20, 25 or 30 mole percent of isopropyl and/or secondary butyl alcohol and will generally comprise from about 20 mole percent to about 90 mole percent of isopropyl or secondary butyl alcohol. In one preferred embodiment, the alcohol mixture will comprise from about 30 to about 70 mole percent of isopropyl alcohol, the remainder being one or more primary aliphatic alcohols. The primary alcohols which may be included in the alcohol mixture include n-amyl alcohol, isoa yl alco¬ hol, n-hexyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexyl alcohol, isooctyl alcohol, nonyl alcohol, isodecyl alcohol, dodecyl alco¬ hol, tridecyl alcohol, etc. The primary alcohols also may contain various substituent groups such as halogens. Particular examples of useful mixtures of alcohols include, for example, isoρropyl/2-ethyl-1-hexyl; isopro- pyl/isooctyl; isopropyl/isodecyl; isopropyl/dodecyl; and isopropyl/tridecyl. In one prefered embodiment, the pri¬ mary alcohols will contain from 6 to 13 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms per phosphorus atom in the required phophorodithioic acid salt will be at least 9. The composition of the phosphorodithioic acid obtained by the reaction of a mixture of alcohols (e.g., iPrOH and R^OH) with phosphorus pentasulfide is actual¬ ly a statistical mixture of phosphorodithioic acids as illustrated by the following formulae: R 2 0 PSSH R ~O•" * In the present invention it is preferred to select the amount of the two or more alcohols reacted with 2 5 to result ia a mixture in which the predominating dithio- phosphoric acid is the acid (or acids) containing one isopropyl group or one secondary butyl group, and one primary or secondary alkyl group containing at least 5 carbon atoms. The relative amounts of the three phos¬ phorodithioic acids in the mixture is dependent, in part, on the relative amounts of the alcohols in the mixture, steric effects, etc. The following Examples D-1 to D-6 illustrate the preparation of metal phosphorodithioates prepared from mixtures of alcohols. Example D-1 A phosphorodithioic acid is prepared by react¬ ing a mixture of alcohols comprising 6 moles of 4-meth- yl-2-pentanol and 4 moles of isopropyl alcohol with phos¬ phorus pentasulfide. The phosphorodithioic acid then is reacted with an oil slurry of zinc oxide. The amount of zinc oxide in the slurry is about 1.08 times the theore¬ tical amount required to completely neutralize the phosphorodithioic acid. The oil solution of the zinc phosphorodithioate obtained in this manner (10% oil) contains 9.5% phosphorus, 20.0% sulfur and 10.5% zinc. Example D-2 A phosphorodithioic acid is prepared by react¬ ing finely powdered phosphorus pentasulfide with an alco¬ hol mixture containing 11.53 moles (692 parts by weight) of isopropyl alcohol and 7.69 moles (1000 parts by weight) of isooctanol. The phosphorodithioic acid obtained in this manner has an acid number of about 178- 186 and contains 10.0% phosphorus and 21.0% sulfur. This phosphorodithioic acid is then reacted with an oil slur¬ ry of zinc oxide. The quantity of zinc oxide included in the oil slurry is 1.10 times the theoretical equiva¬ lent of the acid number of the phosphorodithioic acid. The oil solution of the zinc salt prepared in this man¬ ner contains 12% oil, 8.6% phosphorus, 18.5% sulfur and 9.5% zinc. Example D-3 A phosphorodithioic acid is prepared by react¬ ing a mixture of 1560 parts (12 moles) of isooctyl alco¬ hol and 180 parts (3 moles) of isopropyl alcohol with 756 parts (3.4 moles) of phosphorus pentasulfide. The reaction is conducted by heating the alcohol mixture to about 55°C and thereafter adding the phosphorus pentasul¬ fide over a period of 1.5 hours while maintaining the reaction temperature at about 60-75°C. After all of the phosphorus pentasulfide is added, the mixture is heated and stirred for an additional hour at 70-75°C, and there¬ after filtered through a filter aid. Zinc oxide (282 parts, 6.87 moles) is charged to a reactor with 278 parts of mineral oil. The above- prepared phosphorodithioic acid (2305 parts, 6.28 moles) is charged to the zinc oxide slurry over a period of 30 minutes with an exotherm to 60°C. The mixture then is heated to 80°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. After stripping to 100°C and 6 mm.Hg., the mix¬ ture is filtered twice through a filter aid, and the filtrate is the desired oil solution of the zinc salt containing 10% oil, 7.97% zinc (theory 7.40); 7.21% phos¬ phorus (theory 7.06); and 15.64% sulfur (theory 14.57). Example D-4 Isopropyl alcohol (396 parts, 6.6 moles) and 1287 parts (9.9 moles) of isooctyl alcohol are charged to a reactor and heated with stirring to 59°C. Phos¬ phorus pentasulfide (833 parts, 3.75 moles) is then added under a nitrogen sweep. The addition of the phos¬ phorus pentasulfide is completed in about 2 hours at a reaction temperature between 59-63°C. The mixture then is stirred at 45-63°C for about 1.45 hours and filtered. The filtrate is the desired phosphorodithioic acid. A reactor is charged with 312 parts (7.7 equiva¬ lents) of zinc oxide and 580 parts of mineral oil. While stirring at room temperature, the above-prepared phos¬ phorodithioic acid (2287 parts, 6.97 equivalents) is added over a period of about 1.26 hours with an exotherm to 54°C. The mixture is heated to 78°C and maintained at 78-85°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture is vacuum stripped to 100°C at 19 mm.Hg. The residue is filtered through a filter aid, and the filtrate is an oil solu¬ tion (19.2% oil) of the desired zinc salt containing 7.86% zinc, 7.76% phosphorus and 14.8% sulfur. Example D-5 The general procedure of Example D-4 is repeat¬ ed except that the mole ratio of isopropyl alcohol to isooctyl alcohol is 1:1. The product obtained in this manner is an oil solution (10% oil) of the zinc phosphor¬ odithioate containing 8.96% zinc, 8.49% phosphorus and 18.05% sulfur. Example D-6 A phosphorodithioic acid is prepared in accord¬ ance with the general procedure of Example D-4 utilizing an alcohol mixture containing 520 parts (4 moles) of isooctyl alcohol and 360 parts (6 moles) of isopropyl alcohol with 504 parts (2.27 moles) of phosphorus penta¬ sulfide. The zinc salt is prepared by reacting an oil slurry of 116.3 parts of mineral oil and 141.5 parts (3.44 moles) of zinc oxide with 950.8 parts (3.20 moles) of the above-prepared phosphorodithioic acid. The prod¬ uct prepared in this manner is an oil solution (10% mineral oil) of the desired zinc salt, and the oil solu- tion contains 9.36% zinc, 8.81% phosphorus and 18.65% sulfur. Additional specific examples of metal phosphoro¬ dithioates useful as component (D) in the lubricating oils of the present invention are listed in the follow¬ ing table. Examples D-7 to D-11 are prepared from sin¬ gle alcohols, and Examples D-12 to D-15 are prepared from alcohol mixtures following the general procedure of Example D-1. TABLE I Component D: Metal Phosphorodithioates Example s 1 R 2 M n D- -7 n-nonyl n-nonyl Ba 2 D- -8 cyclohexyl cyclohexyl Zn 2 D- -9 isobutyl isobutyl Zn 2 D- -10 hexyl hexyl Ca 2 D- -11 iso-decyl iso-decyl Zn 2 D- -12 (n-butyl + dodecyl) (1 :1 )w Zn 2 D- -13 (isopropyl + isooctyl) (1 :1 )w Ba 2 D- -14 (isobutyl ■+ ■ isoamyl) (65:35)m Zn 2 D- -15 (isopropyl+sec-butyl) (40:60)m Zn 2 Another class of the phosphorodithioate addi¬ tives contemplated for use in the lubricating composi¬ tion of this invention comprises the adducts of the metal phosphorodithioates described above with an epox- ide. The metal phosphorodithioates useful in preparing such adducts are for the most part the zinc phosphorodi- -thioates. The epoxides may be alkylene oxides or arylal- kylene oxides. The arylalkylene oxides are exemplified by styrene oxide, p-ethylstyrene oxide, alpha-methylsty- rene oxide, 3-beta-naphthyl-1 ,1 ,3-butylene oxide, m-dode- cylstyrene oxide, and p-chlorostyrene oxide. The alkyl¬ ene oxides include principally the lower alkylene oxides in which the alkylene radical contains 8 or less carbon atoms. Examples of such lower alkylene oxides are ethyl¬ ene oxide, propylene oxide, 1 ,2-butene oxide, trimethyl- ene oxide, tetra ethylene oxide, butadiene monoepoxide, 1,2-hexene oxide, and epichlorohydrin. Other epoxides useful herein include, for example, butyl 9,10-epoxy- stearate, epoxidized soya bean oil, epoxidized tung oil, and epoxidized copolymer of styrene with butadiene. The adduct may be obtained by simply mixing the metal phosphorodithioate and the epoxide. The reaction is usually exothermic and may be carried out within wide temperature limits from about 0°C to about 300°C. Be¬ cause the reaction is exothermic, it is best carried out by adding one reactant, usually the epoxide, in small increments to the other reactant in order to obtain con¬ venient control of the temperature of the reaction. The reaction may be carried out in a solvent such as ben¬ zene, mineral oil, naphtha, or n-hexene. The chemical structure of the adduct is not known. For the purpose of this invention adducts obtain¬ ed by the reaction of one mole of the phosphorodithioate with from about 0.25 mole to 5 moles, usually up to about 0.75 mole or about 0.5 mole of a lower alkylen oxide, particularly ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, have been found to be especially useful and therefor are preferred. The preparation of such adducts is more speci¬ fically illustrated by the following examples. Example D-16 A reactor is charged with 2365 parts (3.33 moles) of the zinc phosphorodithioate prepared in Exam¬ ple D-2, and while stirring at room temperature, 38.6 parts (0.67 mole) of propylene oxide are added with an exotherm of from 24-31°C. The mixture is maintained at 80-90°C for 3 hours and then vacuum stripped to 101°C at 7 mm. Hg. The residue is filtered using a filter aid, and the filtrate is an oil solution (11.8% oil) of the desired salt containing 17.1% sulfur, 8.17% zinc and 7.44% phosphorus. Example D-17 To 394 parts (by weight) of zinc dioctylphos- phorodithioate having a phosphorus content of 7% there is added at 75-85°C, 13 parts of propylene oxide (0.5 mole per mole of the zinc phosphorodithioate) throughout a period of 20 minutes. The mixture is heated at 82-85°C for one hour and filtered. The filtrate (399 parts) is found to contain 6.7% of phosphorus, 7.4% of zinc, and 4.1% of sulfur. Another class of the phosphorodithioate addi¬ tives (D) contemplated as useful in the lubricating com¬ positions of the invention comprises mixed metal salts of (a) at least one phosphorodithioic acid of Formula VIII as defined and exemplified above, and (b) at least one aliphatic or alicyclic carboxylic acid. The carbox¬ ylic acid may be a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid, usually containing from 1 to about 3 carboxy groups and preferably only 1. It may contain from about 2 to about 40, preferably from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, and advantageously about 5 to about 20 carbon atoms. The preferred carboxylic acids are those having the formula R J COOH, wherein R J is an alipha¬ tic or alicyclic hydrocarbon-based radical preferably free from acetylenic unsaturation. Suitable acids include the butanoic, pentanoic, hexanoic, octanoic, nonanoic, decanoic, dodecanoic, octadecanoic and eico- sanoic acids, as well as olefinic acids such as oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids and linoleic acid dimer. For the most part, R 3 is a saturated aliphatic group and especially a branched alkyl group such as the iso¬ propyl or 3-heptyl group. Illustrative polycarboxylic acids are succinic, alkyl- and alkenylsuccinic, adipic, sebacic and citric acids. The mixed metal salts may be prepared by merely blending a metal salt of a phosphorodithioic acid with a metal salt of a carboxylic acid in the desired ratio. The ratio of equivalents of phosphorodithioic to carbox¬ ylic acid salts is between about 0.5:1 to about 400:1. Preferably, the ratio is between about 0.5:1 and about 200:1. Advantageously, the ratio can be from about 0.5:1 to about 100:1, preferably from about 0.5:1 to about 50:1, and more preferably from about 0.5:1 to about 20:1. Further, the ratio can be from about 0.5:1 to about 4.5:1, preferably about 2.5:1 to about 4.25:1. For this purpose, the equivalent weight of a phosphoro¬ dithioic acid is its molecular weight divided by the number of -PSSH groups therein, and that of a carboxylic acid is its molecular weight divided by the number of carboxy groups therein. A second and preferred method for preparing the mixed metal salts useful in this invention is to prepar a mixture of the acids in the desired ratio and to reac the acid mixture with a suitable metal base. When this method of preparation is used, it is frequently possible to prepare a salt containing an excess of metal with respect to the number of equivalents of acid present; thus, mixed metal salts containing as many as 2 equiva¬ lents and especially up to about 1.5 equivalents of metal per equivalent of acid may be prepared. The equiv¬ alent of a metal for this purpose is its atomic weight divided by its valence. Variants of the above-described methods may also be used to prepare the mixed metal salts useful in this invention. For example, a metal salt of either acid may be blended with an acid of the other, and the resulting blend reacted with additional metal base. Suitable metal bases for the preparation of the mixed metal salts include the free metals previously enumerated and their oxides, hydroxides, alkoxides and basic salts. Examples are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide, lead oxide, nickel oxide and the like. The temperature at which the mixed metal salts are prepared is generally between about 30°C and about 150°C, preferably up to about 125°C. If the mixed salts are prepared by neutralization of a mixture of acids with a metal base, it is preferred to employ tempera¬ tures above about 50°C and especially above about 75°C. It is frequently advantageous to conduct the reaction in the presence of a substantially inert, normally liquid organic diluent such as naphtha, benzene, xylene, miner¬ al oil or the like. If the diluent is mineral oil or is physically and chemically similar to mineral oil, it frequently need not be removed before using the mixed metal salt as an additive for lubricants or functional fluids. U.S. Patents 4,308,154 and 4,417,990 describe procedures for preparing these mixed metal salts and disclose a number of examples of such mixed salts. Such disclosures of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference. The preparation of the mixed salts is illustrat¬ ed by the following examples. Example D-18 A mixture of 67 parts (1.63 equivalents) of zinc oxide and 48 parts of mineral oil is stirred at room temperature and a mixture of 401 parts (1 equiva¬ lent) of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphorodithioic acid and 36 parts (0.25 equivalent) of 2-ethylhexanoic acid is added over 10 minutes. The temperature increases to 40°C during the addition. When addition is complete, the temperature is increased to 80°C for 3 hours. The mixture is then vacuum stripped at 100°C to yield the desired mixed metal salt as a 91% solution in mineral oil. Example D-19 Following the procedure of Example D-18, a product is prepared from 383 parts (1.2 equivalents) of a dialkyl phosphorodithioic acid containing 65% isobutyl and 35% amyl groups, 43 parts (0.3 equivalent) of 2-eth- ylhexanoic acid, 71 parts (1.73 equivalents) of zinc oxide and 47 parts of mineral oil. The resulting mixed metal salt, obtained as a 90% solution in mineral oil, contains 11.07% zinc. (E) Neutral or Basic Alkali Metal Salt. The lubricating oil compositions of this inven¬ tion also may contain at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of at least one sulfonic or carboxylic acid. The amount of alkali metal salt in the lubricat- ing oil is an amount which is effective to provide the desired detergent properties to the oil. Generally, the lubricants will contain from about 0.01% to about 5% of the alkali metal salt, and more often from about 0.01% to about 3%. A general description of some of the alkali metal salts useful as component (E) is contained in U.S. Patent 4,326,972 (Chamberlin) . This patent is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosure of useful alkali metal salts and methods for preparing said salts. The alkali metals present in the basic alkali metal salts include principally lithium, sodium and potassium, with sodium and potassium being preferred. The equivalent weight of the acidic organic compound is its molecular weight divided by the number of acidic groups (i.e., sulfonic acid or carboxy groups) present per molecule. In one preferred embodiment, the alkali metal salts (E) are basic alkali metal salts having metal ratios of at least about 2 and more generally from about 4 to about 40, preferably from about 6 to about 30 and especially from about 8 to about 25. The acidic organic compound from which the salt of component (E) is derived may be at least one sulfur acid, carboxylic acid, phosphorus acid, or phenol or mixtures thereof. The sulfur acids include the sulfonic acids, thiosulfonic, sulfinic, sulfenic, partial ester sulfuric, sulfurous and thiosulfuric acids. The sulfonic acids which are useful in prepar¬ ing component (E) include those represented by the formu¬ lae R χ T(S0 3 H) y (IX) and R'(S0 3 H) r (X) In these formulae, R' is an aliphatic or aliphatic-sub¬ stituted cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon or essentially hydro¬ carbon group free from acetylenic unsaturation and con¬ taining up to about 60 carbon atoms. When R' is alipha¬ tic, it usually contains at least about 15 carbon atoms; when it is an aliphatic-substituted cycloaliphatic group, the aliphatic substituents usually contain a total of at least about 12 carbon atoms. Examples of R 1 are alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals, and alipha¬ tic-substituted cycloaliphatic groups wherein the alipha¬ tic substituents are alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxy¬ alkyl, carboxyalkyl and the like. Generally, the cyclo¬ aliphatic nucleus is derived from a cycloalkane or a cycloalkene such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclohex- ene or cyclopentene. Specific examples of R' are cetyl- cyclohexyl, laurylcyclohexyl, cetyloxyethyl, octadec- enyl, and groups derived from petroleum, saturated and unsaturated paraffin wax, and olefin polymers including polymerized monoolefins containing about 2-8 carbon atoms per olefinic monomer unit and diolefins containing 4 to 8 carbon atoms per monomer unit. R' can also contain other substituents such as phenyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxy, mercapto, halo, nitro, amino, nitroso, lower alkoxy, lower alkylmercapto, carboxy, carbalkoxy, oxo or thio, or interrupting groups such as -NH-, -O- or -S-, as long as the essentially hydrocarbon character is not destroyed. R in Formula IX is generally a hydrocarbon or essentially hydrocarbon group free from acetylenic unsat- uration and containing from about 4 to about 60 alipha¬ tic carbon atoms, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as alkyl or alkenyl. It may also, however, contain substituents or interrupting groups such as those enumerated above provided the essentially hydro¬ carbon character thereof is retained. In general, any non-carbon atoms present in R 1 or R do not account for more than 10% of the total weight thereof. T is a cyclic nucleus which may be derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene or biphenyl, or from a heterocyclic compound such as pyridine, indole or isoindole. Ordinarily, T is an aromatic hydrocarbon nucleus, especially a benzene or naphthalene nucleus. The subscript x is at least 1 and is generally 1-3. The subscripts r and y have an average value of about 1-2 per molecule and are generally also 1. The sulfonic acids are generally petroleum sul¬ fonic acids or synthetically prepared alkaryl sulfonic acids. Among the petroleum sulfonic acids, the most useful products are those prepared by the sulfonation of suitable petroleum fractions with a subsequent removal of acid sludge, and purification. Synthetic alkaryl sulfonic acids are prepared usually from alkylated ben¬ zenes such as the Friedel-Crafts reaction products of benzene and polymers such as tetrapropylene. The follow¬ ing are specific examples of sulfonic acids useful in preparing the salts (E) . It is to be understood that such examples serve also to illustrate the salts of such sulfonic acids useful as component (E). In other words, for every sulfonic acid enumerated, it is intended that the corresponding basic alkali metal salts thereof are also understood to be illustrated. (The same applies to the lists of other acid materials listed below. ) Such sulfonic acids include mahogany sulfonic acids, bright stock sulfonic acids, petrolatum sulfonic acids, mono- and polywax substituted naphthalene sulfonic acids, cetylchlorobenzene sulfonic acids, cetylphenol sulfonic acids, cetylphenol disulfide sulfonic acids, cetoxy- capryl benzene sulfonic acids, dicetyl thianthrene sul¬ fonic acids, dilauryl beta-naphthol sulfonic acids, di¬ capryl nitronaphthalene sulfonic acids, saturated paraf¬ fin wax sulfonic acids, unsaturated paraffin wax sulfon¬ ic acids, hydroxy-substituted paraffin wax sulfonic acids, tetraisobutylene sulfonic acids, tetraa ylene sulfonic acids, chlorine substituted paraffin wax sul¬ fonic acids, nitroso substituted paraffin wax sulfonic acids, petroleum naphthene sulfonic acids, cetylcyclo- pentyl sulfonic acids, lauryl cyclohexyl sulfonic acids, mono- and polywax substituted cyclohexyl sulfonic acids, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acids, "dimer alkylate" sulfonic acids, and the like. Alkyl-substituted benzene sulfonic acids where¬ in the alkyl group contains at least 8 carbon atoms including dodecyl benzene "bottoms" sulfonic acids are particularly useful. The latter are acids derived from benzene which has been alkylated with propylene tetra- mers or isobutene trimers to introduce 1, 2, 3, or more branched-chain C-^ substituents on the benzene ring. Dodecyl benzene bottoms, principally mixtures of mono- and di-dodecyl benzenes, are available as by products from the manufacture of household detergents. Similar products obtained from alkylation bottoms formed during manufacture of linear alkyl sulfonates (LAS) are also useful in making the sulfonates used in this invention. The production of sulfonates from detergent manufacture by-products by reaction with, e.g., SO3, is well known to those skilled in the art. See, for example, the article "Sulfonates" in Kirk-Othmer "Ency¬ clopedia of Chemical Technology", Second Edition, Vol. 19, pp. 291 et seq. published by John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1969). Other descriptions of basic sulfonate salts which can be incorporated into the lubricating oil compo¬ sitions of this invention as component (E), and techni¬ ques for making them can be found in the following U.S. Patents: 2,174,110; 2,202,781; 2,239,974; 2,319,121; 2,337,552; 3,488,284; 3,595,790; and 3,798,012. These are hereby incorporated by reference for their disclo¬ sures in this regard. Suitable carboxylic acids from which useful alkaline earth metal salts (E) can be prepared include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic mono- and poly- basic carboxylic acids including naphthenic acids, alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclopentanoic acids, alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclohexanoic acids, and alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted aromatic carboxylic acids. The aliphatic acids generally contain from about 8 to about 50, and preferably from about 12 to about 25 carbon atoms. The cycloaliphatic and aliphatic carbox¬ ylic acids are preferred, and they can be saturated or unsaturated. Specific examples include 2-ethylhexanoic acid, linolenic acid, propylene tetramer-substituted maleic acid, behenic acid, isostearic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, undecyclic acid, dioctylcyclopentanecarboxylic acid, yristic acid, dilauryldecahydronaphthalene-carboxylic acid, stearyl- octahydroindenecarboxylic acid, palmitic acid, alkyl- and alkenylsuccinic acids, acids formed by oxidation of petrolatum or of hydrocarbon waxes, and commercially available mixtures of two or more carboxylic acids such as tall oil acids, rosin acids, and the like. In one preferred embodiment, the basic sulfon¬ ate salts (E) are oil-soluble dispersions prepared by contacting for a period of time sufficient to form a stable dispersion, at a temperature between the solidifi¬ cation temperature of the reaction mixture and its decom¬ position temperature: (E-1 ) at least one acidic gaseous material selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, with (E-2) a reaction mixture comprising (E-2-a) at least one oil-soluble sulfon¬ ic acid, or derivative thereof susceptible to overbas- ing; (E-2-b) at least one alkali metal or basic alkali metal compound; (E-2-c) at least one lower aliphatic alcohol, alkyl phenol, or sulfurized alkyl phenol; and (E-2-d) at least one oil-soluble carbox¬ ylic acid or functional derivative thereof. When (E-2-c) is an alkyl phenol or a sulfurized alkyl phenol, component (E-2-d) is optional. A satis¬ factory basic sulfonic acid salt can be prepared with or without the carboxylic acid in the mixture (E-2). Reagent (E-1) is at least one acidic gaseous material which may be carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide; mixtures of these gases are also useful. Carbon dioxide is preferred. As mentioned above, component (E-2) generally is a mixture containing at least four components of which component (E-2-a) is at least one oil-soluble sul¬ fonic acid as previously defined, or a derivative there¬ of susceptible to overbasing. Mixtures of sulfonic acids and/or their derivatives may also be used. Sulfon¬ ic acid derivatives susceptible to overbasing include their metal salts, especially the alkaline earth, zinc and lead salts; ammonium salts and amine salts (e.g., the ethylamine, butylamine and ethylene polyamine salts); and esters such as the ethyl, butyl and glycerol esters. Component (E-2-b) is preferably and generally is at least one basic alkali metal compound. Illustra¬ tive of basic alkali metal compounds are the hydroxides, alkoxides (typically those in which the alkoxy group contains up to 10 and preferably up to 7 carbon atoms), hydrides and amides. Thus, useful basic alkali metal compounds include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium propoxide, lithium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium butoxide, lithium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium amide, sodium amide and potassium amide. Especially preferred are sodium hydroxide and the sodium lower alkoxides (i.e., those containing up to 7 carbon atoms) . The equivalent weight of component (E-2-b) for the purpose of this invention is equal to its molecular weight, since the alkali metals are monovalent. Component (E-2-c) may be at least one lower aliphatic alcohol, preferably a monohydric or dihydric alcohol. Illustrative alcohols are methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-hexanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, 2-pen- tanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, ethylene glycol, 1-3-pro- panediol and 1 ,5-pentanediol. The alcohol also may be a glycol ether such as Methyl Cellosolve. Of these, the preferred alcohols are methanol, ethanol and propanol, with methanol being especially preferred. Component (E-2-c) also may be at least one alkyl phenol or sulfurized alkyl phenol. The sulfurized alkyl phenols are preferred, especially when (E-2-b) is potassium or one of its basic compounds such as potas¬ sium hydroxide. As used herein, the term "phenol" includes compounds having more than one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic ring, and the aromatic ring may be a benzyl or naphthyl ring. The term "alkyl phenol" includes mono- and di-alkylated phenols in which each alkyl substituent contains from about 6 to about 100 carbon atoms, preferably about 6 to about 50 carbon atoms. Illustrative alkyl phenols include heptyl- phenols, octylphenols, decylphenols, dodecylphenols, polypropylene (Mn of about 150)-substituted phenols, polyisobutene (Mn of about 1200)-substituted phenols, cyclohexyl phenols. Also useful are condensation products of the above-described phenols with at least one lower aldehyde or ketone, the term "lower" denoting aldehydes and ke- tones containing not more than 7 carbon atoms. Suitable aldehydes include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propional- dehyde, the butyraldehydes, the valeraldehydes and benz- aldehyde. Also suitable are aldehyde-yielding reagents such as paraformaldehyde, trioxane, methylol, Methyl For cel and paraldehyde. Formaldehyde and the formalde¬ hyde-yielding reagents are especially preferred. The sulfurized alkylphenols include phenol sul- fides, disulfides or polysulfides. The sulfurized phen- ols can be derived from any suitable alk lphenol by tech¬ nique known to those skilled in the art, and many sulfur¬ ized phenols are commercially available. The sulfurized alkylphenols may be prepared by reacting an alkylphenol with elemental sulfur and/or a sulfur monohalide (e.g., sulfur monochloride) . This reaction may be conducted in the presence of excess base to result in the salts of the mixture of sulfides, disulfides or poly sulfides that may be produced depending upon the reaction condi¬ tions. It is the resulting product of this reaction which is used in the preparation of component (E-2) in the present invention. U.S. Patents 2,971,940 and 4,309,293 disclose various sulfurized phenols which are illustrative of component (E-2-c), and such disclosures of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference. The equivalent weight of component (E-2-c) is its molecular weight divided by the number of hydroxy groups per molecule. Component (E-2-d) is at least one oil-soluble carboxylic acid as previously described, or functional derivative thereof. Especially suitable carboxylic acids are those of the formula R 5 (COOH) n , wherein n is an integer from 1 to 6 and is preferably 1 or 2 and ς R is a saturated or substantially saturated aliphatic group (preferably a hydrocarbon group) having at least 8 aliphatic carbon atoms. Depending upon the value of n, R will be a monovalent to hexavalent radical. R 5 may contain non-hydrocarbon substituents provided they do not alter substantially its hydrocarbon character. Such substituents are preferably present in amounts of not more than about 20% by weight. Exemplary substituents include the non-hydrocarbon substituents enumerated hereinabove with reference to component (E-2- a). R" 3 may also contain olefinic unsaturation up to a maximum of about 5% and preferably not more than 2% ole¬ finic linkages based upon the total number of carbon- to-carbon covalent linkages present. The number of car¬ bon atoms in R 5 is usually about 8-700 depending upon the source of R . As discussed below, a preferred series of carboxylic acids and derivatives is prepared by reacting an olefin polymer or halogenated olefin polymer with an alpha,beta-unsaturated acid or its anhy¬ dride such as acrylic, methacrylic, maleic or fumaric acid or maleic anhydride to form the corresponding sub¬ stituted acid or derivative thereof. The R 5 groups in these products have a number average molecular weight from about 150 to about 10,000 and usually from about 700 to about 5000, as determined, for example, by gel permeation chromatograph . The monocarboxylic acids useful as componen (E-2-d) have the formula R 5 C00H. Examples of suc acids are caprylic, capric, palmitic, stearic, isostear ic, linoleic and behenic acids. A particularly prefer red group of monocarboxylic acids is prepared by th reaction of a halogenated olefin polymer, such as chlorinated polybutene, with acrylic acid or methacryli acid. Suitable dicarboxylic acids include the substi tuted succinic acids having the formula R 6 CHC00H I CH 2 C00H wherein R° is the same as R 5 as defined above. R may be an olefin polymer-derived group formed by polymer ization of such monomers as ethylene, propylene, 1-bu tene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 1-hexene and 3- hexene. R may also be derived from a high molecular weight substantially saturated petroleum fraction. The hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acids and their deriva¬ tives constitute the most preferred class of carboxylic acids for use as component (E-2-d) . The above-described classes of carboxylic acids derived from olefin polymers, and their derivatives, are well known in the art, and methods for their preparation as well as representative examples of the types useful in the present invention are described in detail in a number of U.S. Patents. Functional derivatives of the above-discussed acids useful as component (E-2-d) include the anhy¬ drides, esters, amides, i ides, amidines and metal or ammonium salts. The reaction products of olefin poly¬ mer-substituted succinic acids and mono or polyamines, particularly polyalkylene polyamines, having up to about 10 amino nitrogens are especially suitable. These reac¬ tion products generally comprise mixtures of one or more of amides, imides and amidines. The reaction products of polyethylene amines containing up to about 10 nitro¬ gen atoms and polybutene substituted succinic anhydride wherein the polybutene radical comprises principally isobutene units are particularly useful. Included in this group of functional derivatives are the composi¬ tions prepared by post treating the amine-anhydride reaction product with carbon disulfide, boron compounds, nitriles, urea, thiourea, guanidine, alkylene oxides or the like. The half-amide, half-metal salt and half- ester, half-metal salt derivatives of such substituted succinic acids are also useful. -71 - Also useful are the esters prepared by the reac¬ tion of the substituted acids or anhydrides with a mono or polyhydroxy compound, such as an aliphatic alcohol or a phenol. Preferred are the esters of olefin polymer- substituted succinic acids or anhydrides and polyhydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2-10 hydroxy groups and up to about 40 aliphatic carbon atoms. This class of alco¬ hols includes ethylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, pen- taerythritol, polyethylene glycol, diethanolamine, tri- ethanolamine, N,N'-di(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine and the like. When the alcohol contains reactive amino groups, the reaction product may comprise products resulting from the reaction of the acid group with both the hydroxy and amino functions. Thus, this reaction mixture can include half-esters, half-amides, esters, amides, and imides. The ratios of equivalents of the constituents of reagent (E-2) may vary widely. In general, the ratio of component (E-2-b) to (E-2-a) is at least about 4:1 and usually not more than about 40:1, preferably between 6:1 and 30:1 and most preferably between 8:1 and 25:1. While this ratio may sometimes exceed 40:1, such a excess normally will serve no useful purpose. The ratio of equivalents of component (E-2-c) to component (E-2-a) is between about 1:20 and 80:1, an preferably between about 2:1 and '50:1. As mentione above, when component (E-2-c) is an alkyl phenol or sul furized alkyl phenol, the inclusion of the carboxyli acid (E-2-d) is optional. When present in the mixture, the ratio of equivalents of component (E-2-d) to compo nent (E-2-a) generally is from about 1:1 to about 1:2 and preferably from about 1:2 to about 1:10. Up to about a stoichiometric amount of acidic material (E-1 ) is reacted with (E-2). In one embodiment, the acidic material is metered into the (E-2) mixture and the reaction is rapid. The rate of addition of (E-1 ) is not critical, but may have to be reduced if the temp¬ erature of the mixture rises too rapidly due to the exothermicity of the reaction. When (E-2-c) is an alcohol, the reaction temp¬ erature is not critical. Generally, it will be between the solidification temperature of the reaction mixture and its decomposition temperature (i.e., the lowest decomposition temperature of any component thereof) . Usually, the temperature will be from about 25°C to about 200°C and preferably from about 50°C to about 150°C. Reagents (E-1 ) and (E-2) are conveniently con¬ tacted at the reflux temperature of the mixture. This temperature will obviously depend upon the boiling points of the various components; thus, when methanol is used as component (E-2-c), the contact temperature will be at or below the reflux temperature of methanol. When reagent (E-2-c) is an alkyl phenol or a sulfurized alkyl phenol, the temperature of the reaction must be at or above the water azeotrope temperature so that the water formed in the reaction can be removed. The reaction is ordinarily conducted at atmos¬ pheric pressure, although superat ospheric pressure often expedites the reaction and promotes optimum util¬ ization of reagent (E-1). The reaction also can be carried out at reduced pressures but, for obvious prac¬ tical reasons, this is rarely done. The reaction is usually conducted in the pres¬ ence of a substantially inert, normally liquid organic diluent, which functions as both the dispersing and reaction medium. This diluent will comprise at least about 10% of the total weight of the reaction mixture. Upon completion of the reaction, any solids in the mixture are preferably removed by filtration or other conventional means. Optionally, readily removable diluents, the alcoholic promoters, and water formed dur¬ ing the reaction can be removed by conventional techni¬ ques such as distillation. It is usually desirable to remove substantially all water from the reaction mixture since the presence of water may lead to difficulties in filtration and to the formation of undesirable emulsions in fuels and lubricants. Any such water present is read¬ ily removed by heating at atmospheric or reduced pres¬ sure or by azeotropic distillation. In one preferred embodiment, when basic potassium sulfonates are desired as component (E), the potassium salt is prepared using carbon dioxide and the sulfurized alkylphenols as com¬ ponent (E-2-c). The use of the sulfurized phenols results in basic salts of higher metal ratios and the formation of more uniform and stable salts. The basic salts or complexes of component (E) may be solutions or, more likely, stable dispersions. Alternatively, they may be regarded as "polymeric salts" formed by the reaction of the acidic material, the oil- soluble acid being overbased, and the metal compound. In view of the above, these compositions are most con¬ veniently defined by reference to the method by which they are formed. The above-described procedure for preparing alkali metal salts of sulfonic acids having a metal ratio of at least about 2 and preferably a metal ratio between about 4 to 40 using alcohols as component (E-2-c) is described in more detail in Canadian Patent 1,055,700 which corresponds to British Patent 1,481,553. These patents are incorporated by reference for their disclosures of such processes. The preparation of oil- soluble dispersions of alkali metal sulfonates useful as component (E) in the lubricating oil compositions of this invention is illustrated, further in the following examples. Example E-1 To a solution of 790 parts (1 equivalent) of an alkylated benzenesulfonic acid and 71 parts of polybu¬ tenyl succinic anhydride (equivalent weight about 560) containing predominantly isobutene units in 176 parts of mineral oil is added 320 parts (8 equivalents) of sodium hydroxide and 640 parts (20 equivalents) of methanol. The temperature of the mixture increases to 89°C (re¬ flux) over 10 minutes due to exotherming. During this period, the mixture is blown with carbon dioxide at 4 cfh. (cubic feet/hr.). Carbonation is continued for about 30 minutes as the temperature gradually decreases to 74°C. The methanol and other volatile materials are stripped from the carbonated mixture by blowing nitrogen through it at 2 cfh. while the temperature is slowly increased to 150°C over 90 minutes. After stripping is completed, the remaining mixture is held at 155-165°C for about 30 minutes and filtered to yield an oil solu¬ tion of the desired basic sodium sulfonate having a metal ratio of about 7.75. This solution contains 12.4% oil. Example E-2 Following the procedure of Example E-1 , a solu¬ tion of 780 parts (1 equivalent) of an alkylated benzene¬ sulfonic acid and 119 parts of the polybutenyl succinic anhydride in 442 parts of mineral oil is mixed with 800 parts (20 equivalents) of sodium hydroxide and 704 parts (22 equivalents) of methanol. The mixture is blown with carbon dioxide at 7 cfh. for 11 minutes as the tempera¬ ture slowly increases to 97°C. The rate of carbon diox¬ ide flow is reduced to 6 cfh. and the temperature de¬ creases slowly to 88°C over about 40 minutes. The rate of carbon dioxide flow is reduced to 5 cfh. for about 35 minutes and the temperature slowly decreases to 73°C. The volatile materials are stripped by blowing nitrogen through the carbonated mixture at 2 cfh. for 105 minutes as the temperature is slowly increased to 160°C. After stripping is completed, the mixture is held at 160°C for an additional 45 minutes and then filtered to yield an oil solution of the desired basic sodium sulfonate hav¬ ing a metal ratio of about 19.75. This solution contains 18.7% oil. (F) Carboxylic Ester Derivative Compositions. The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention also may, and often do contain (F) at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition produced by reacting (F-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agent with (F-2) at least one alcohol or phenol of the general formula R 3 (OH) m (XI) wherein R 3 is a monovalent or polyvalent organic group joined to the -OH groups through a carbon bond, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 10. The carboxylic ester derivatives (F) are included in the oil compositions in amounts of up to about 10% by weight and more generally in amounts of from about 1% to about 10% by weight based on the weight of the total lubricating oil. The carbox- ylic esters (F) provide additional dispersancy, and in some applications, the ratio of carboxylic derivative (B) to carboxylic ester (F) present in the oil affects the properties of the oil compositions such as the anti-wear properties. The amount of carboxylic ester derivative (F) contained in the lubricating oil composi¬ tion may vary from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight. The substituted succinic acylating agents (F-1) which are reacted with the alcohols or phenols to form the carboxylic ester derivatives are identical to the acylating agents (B-1 ) useful in preparing the carbox¬ ylic derivatives (B) described above with one exception. The polyalkene from which the substituent is derived is characterized as having a number average molecular weight of at least about 700. Molecular weights (Mn) of from about 700 to about 5000 are preferred. In one preferred embodiment, the substituent groups of the acylating agent are deriv¬ ed from polyalkenes which are characterized by an Mn value of about 1300 to 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5. The acylating agents of this embodi¬ ment are identical to the acylating agents described ear¬ lier with respect to the preparation of the carboxylic derivative compositions useful as component (B) describ¬ ed above. Thus, any of the acylating agents described in regard to the preparation of component (B) above, can be utilized in the preparation of the carboxylic ester derivative compositions useful as component (F). When the acylating agents used to prepare the carboxylic ester (F) are the same as those acylating agents used for preparing component (B), the carboxylic ester compon¬ ent (F) will also be characterized as a dispersant hav¬ ing VI properties. Also combinations of component (B) and these preferred types of component (F) used in the oils of the invention provide superior anti-wear charac¬ teristics to the oils of the invention. However, other substituted succinic acylating agents also can be util¬ ized in the preparation of the carboxylic ester deriva¬ tive compositions which are useful as component (F) in the present invention. For example, substituted succin¬ ic acylating agents wherein the substituent is derived from a polyalkene having number average molecular weights of about 800 to about 1200 are useful. The carboxylic ester derivative compositions (F) are those of the above-described succinic acylating agents with hydroxy compounds which may be aliphatic compounds such as monohydric and polyhydric alcohols or aromatic compounds such as phenols and naphthols. The aromatic hydroxy compounds from which the esters may be derived are illustrated by the following specific exam¬ ples: phenol, beta-naphthol, alpha-naphthol, cresol, resorcinol, catechol, p,p'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 2-chloro- phenol, 2,4-dibutylphenol, etc. The alcohols (F-2) from which the esters may be derived preferably contain up to about 40 aliphatic carbon atoms. They may be monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isooctanol, dodecanol, cyclohexanol, etc. The polyhydric alcohols preferably contain from 2 to about 10 hydroxy groups. They are illustrated by, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, trieth- ylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, tributylene glycol, and other alkylene glycols in which the alkylene group contains from 2 to about 8 carbon atoms. An especially preferred class of polyhydric alcohols is those having at least three hydroxy groups. some of which have been esterified with a monocarboxylic acid having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms such as octanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, dodecanoic acid, or tall oil acid. Examples of such partially esterified polyhydric alcohols are the monooleate of sorbitol, distearate of sorbitol, mono- oleate of glycerol, monostearate of glycerol, di-dodecan- oate of erythritol. The esters (F) may be prepared by any of sever¬ al known methods. The method which is preferred because of convenience and the superior properties of the esters it produces, involves the reaction of a suitable alcohol or phenol with a substantially hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydride. The esterification is usually carried out at a temperature above about 100°C, prefer¬ ably between 150°C and 300°C. The water formed as a by¬ product is removed by distillation as the esterification proceeds. The relative proportions of the succinic react¬ ant and the hydroxy reactant which are to be used depend to a large measure upon the type of the product desired and the number of hydroxyl groups present in the mole¬ cule of the hydroxy reactant. For instance, the forma¬ tion of a half ester of a succinic acid, i.e., one in which only one of the two acid groups is esterified, involves the use of one mole of a monohydric alcohol for each mole of the substituted succinic acid reactant, whereas the formation of a diester of a succinic acid involves the use of two moles of the alcohol for each mole of the acid. On the other hand, one mole of a hexa- hydric alcohol may combine with as many as six moles of a succinic acid to form an ester in which each of the six hydroxyl groups of the alcohol is esterified with one of the two acid groups of the succinic acid. Thus, the maximum proportion of the succinic acid to be used with a polyhydric alcohol is determined by the number of hydroxyl groups present in the molecule of the hydroxy reactant. In one embodiment, esters obtained by the reaction of equimolar amounts of the succinic acid react¬ ant and hydroxy reactant are preferred. Methods of preparing the carboxylic esters (F) are well known in the art and need not be illustrated in further detail here. For example, see U.S. Patent 3,522,179 which is hereby incorporated by reference for its disclosures of the preparation of carboxylic ester compositions useful as component (F). The preparation of carboxylic ester derivative compositions from acylat¬ ing agents wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkenes characterized by an Mn of at least about 1300 up to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn ratio of from 1.5 to about 4 is described in U.S. Patent 4,234,435 which was incorporated by reference earlier. As noted above, the acylating agents described in the '435 patent are also characterized as having within their structure an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups. The following examples illustrate the esters (F) and the processes for preparing such esters. Example F-1 A substantially hydrocarbon-substituted succin¬ ic anhydride is prepared by chlorinating a polyisobutene having a number average molecular weight of 1000 to a chlorine content of 4.5% and then heating the chlorin¬ ated polyisobutene with 1.2 molar proportions of maleic anhydride at a temperature of 150-220°C. The succinic anhydride thus obtained has an acid number of 130. A mixture of 874 grams (1 mole) of the succinic anhydride and 104 grams (1 mole) of neopentyl glycol is maintained at 240-250°C/30 mm for 12 hours. The residue is a mixture of the esters resulting from the esterification of one and both hydroxy groups of the glycol. It has a saponification number of 101 and an alcoholic hydroxyl content of 0.2%. Example F-2 The dimethyl ester of the substantially hydro¬ carbon-substituted succinic anhydride of Example F-1 is prepared by heating a mixture of 2185 grams of the anhy¬ dride, 480 grams of methanol, and 1000 cc of toluene at 50-65°C while hydrogen chloride is bubbled through the reaction mixture for 3 hours. The mixture is then heat¬ ed at 60-65°C for 2 hours, dissolved in benzene, washed with water, dried and filtered. The filtrate is heated at 150°C/60 mm to remove volatile components. The resi¬ due is the desired dimethyl ester. The carboxylic ester derivatives which are des¬ cribed above resulting from the reaction of an acylating agent with a hydroxy containing compound such as an alco¬ hol or a phenol may be further reacted with (F-3) an amine, and particularly polyamines in the manner describ¬ ed previously for the reaction of the acylating agent (B-1) with amines (B-2) in preparing component (B) . In one embodiment, the amount of amine which is reacted with the ester is an amount such that there is at least about 0. Q 1 equivalent of the amine for each equivalent of acylating agent initially employed in the reaction with the alcohol. Where the acylating agent has been reacted with the alcohol in an amount such that there is at least one equivalent of alcohol for each equivalent of acylating agent, this small amount of amine is suffi- cient to react with minor amounts of non-esterified car¬ boxyl groups which may be present. In one preferred embodiment, the amine-modified carboxylic acid esters utilized as component (F) are prepared by reacting about 1.0 to 2.0 equivalents, preferably about 1.0 to 1.8 equivalents of hydroxy compounds, and up to about 0.3 equivalent, preferably about 0.02 to about 0.25 equiva¬ lent of polyamine per equivalent of acylating agent. In another embodiment, the carboxylic acid acylating agent may be reacted simultaneously with both the alcohol and the amine. There is generally at least about 0.01 equivalent of the alcohol and at least 0.01 equivalent of the amine although the total amount of equivalents of the combination should be at least about 0.5 equivalent per equivalent of acylating agent. These carboxylic ester derivative compositions which are use¬ ful as component (F) are known in the art, and the prep¬ aration of a number of these derivatives is described in, for example, U.S. Patents 3,957,854 and 4,234,435 which have been incorporated by reference previously. The following specific examples illustrate the prepar¬ ation of the esters wherein both alcohols and amines are reacted with the acylating agent. Example F-3 A mixture of 334 parts (0.52 equivalent) of the polyisobutene-substituted succinic acylating agent pre¬ pared in Example F-2, 548 parts of mineral oil, 30 parts (0.88 equivalent) of pentaerythritol and 8.6 parts (0.0057 equivalent) of Polyglycol 112-2 demulsifier from Dow Chemical Company is heated at 150°C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture is heated to 210°C in 5 hours and held at 210°C for 3.2 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled to 190°C and 8.5 parts (0.2 equivalent) of a com- mercial mixture of ethylene polyamines having an average of about 3 to about 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule are added. The reaction mixture is stripped by heating at 205°C with nitrogen blowing for 3 hours, then filtered to yield the filtrate as an oil solution of the desired product. Example F-4 A mixture of 322 parts (0.5 equivalent) of the polyisobutene-substituted succinic acylating agent pre¬ pared in Example F-2, 68 parts (2.0 equivalents) of pen- taerythritol and 508 parts of mineral oil is heated at 204-227°C for 5 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled to 162 C C and 5.3 parts (0.13 equivalent) of a commercial ethylene polyamine mixture having an average of about 3 to 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule is added. The reac¬ tion mixture is heated at 162-163°C for one hour, then cooled to 130°C and filtered. The filtrate is an oil solution of the desired product. Example F-5 A mixture of 1000 parts (0.495 mole) of polyiso¬ butene having a number average molecular weight of 2020 and a weight average molecular weight of 6049 and 115 parts (1.17 moles) of maleic anhydride is heated to 184°C over 6 hours, during which time 85 parts (1.2 moles) of chlorine are added beneath the surface. An additional 59 parts (0.83 mole) of chlorine are added over 4 hours at 184-189°C. The mixture is blown with nitrogen at 186-190°C for 26 hours. The residue is a polyisobutene-substituted succinic anhydride having a total acid number of 95.3. A solution of 409 parts (0.66 equivalent) of the substituted succinic anhydride in 191 parts of min¬ eral oil is heated to 150°C and 42.5 parts (1.19 equiv- alent) of pentaerythritol are added over 10 minutes, with stirring, at 145-150°C. The mixture is blown with nitrogen and heated to 205-210°C over about 14 hours to yield an oil solution of the desired polyester intermed¬ iate. Diethylene triamine, 4.74 parts (0.138 equiva¬ lent), is added over one-half hour at 160°C with stir¬ ring, to 988 parts of the polyester intermediate (con¬ taining 0.69 equivalent of substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agent and 1.24 equivalents of pentaerythritol). Stirring is continued at 160°C for one hour, after which 289 parts of mineral oil are added. The mixture is heated for 16 hours at 135°C and filtered at the same temperature, using a filter aid material. The filtrate is a 35% solution in mineral oil of the desired amine- modified polyester. It has a nitrogen content of 0.16% and a residual acid number of 2.0. Example F-6 (a) A mixture of 1000 parts of polyisobutene having a number average molecular weight of about 1000 and 108 parts (1.1 moles) of maleic anhydride is heated to about 190°C and 100 parts (1.43 moles) of chlorine are added beneath the surface over a period of about 4 hours while maintaining the temperature at about 185- 190°C. The mixture then is blown with nitrogen at this temperature for several hours, and the residue is the desired polyisobutene-substituted succinic acylating agent. (b) A solution of 1000 parts of the acylating agent preparation (a) in 857 parts of mineral oil is heated to about 150°C with stirring, and 109 parts (3.2 equivalents) of pentaerythritol are added with stirring. The mixture is blown with nitrogen and heated to about 200°C over a period of about 14 hours to form an oil solution of the desired carboxylic ester intermediate. To the intermediate, there are added 19.25 parts (.46 equivalent) of a commercial mixture of ethylene poly¬ amines having an average of about 3 to about 10 nitrogen atoms per molecule. The reaction mixture is stripped by heating at 205°C with nitrogen blowing for 3 hours and filtered. The filtrate is an oil solution (45% oil) of the desired amine-modified carboxylic ester which con¬ tains 0.35% nitrogen. Example F-7 (a) A mixture of 1000 parts (0.495 mole) of polyisobutene having a number average molecular weight of 2020 and a weight average molecular weight of 6049 and 115 parts (1.17 moles) of maleic anhydride is heated to 184°C over 6 hours, during which time 85 parts (1.2 moles) of chlorine are added beneath the surface. An additional 59 parts (0.83 mole) of chlorine are added over 4 hours at 184-189°C. The mixture is blown with nitrogen at 186-190°C for 26 hours. The residue is a polyisobutene-substituted succinic anhydride having a total acid number of 95.3. (b) A solution of 409 parts (0.66 equivalent) of the substituted succinic anhydride in 191 parts of mineral oil . is heated to 150°C and 42.5 parts (1.19 equivalent) of pentaerythritol are added over 10 min¬ utes, with stirring, at 145-150°C. The mixture is blown with nitrogen and heated to 205-210°C over about 1 hours to yield an oil solution of the desired polyester intermediate. Diethylene triamine, 4.74 parts (0.138 equiva¬ lent), is added over one-half hour at 160°C with stir¬ ring, to 988 parts of the polyester intermediate (con- taining 0.69 equivalent of substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agent and 1.24 equivalents of pentaerythritol). Stirring is continued at 160°C for one hour, after which 289 parts of mineral oil are added. The mixture is heated for 16 hours at 135°C and filtered at the same temperature, using a filter aid material. The filtrate is a 35% solution in mineral oil of the desired amine- modified polyester. It has a nitrogen content of 0.16% and a residual acid number of 2.0. The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention also may contain, and preferably do contain, other additives to import certain desirable properties to the lubricant. For example, the oils may contain at least one friction modifier to provide the lubricating oil with the proper frictional characteristics. Various amines, particularly tertiary amines are effective fric¬ tion modifiers. Examples of tertiary amine friction modifiers include N-fatty alkyl-N,N-diethanol amines, N-fatty alkyl-N,N-diethoxy ethanol amines, etc. Such tertiary amines can be prepared by reacting a fatty alkyl amine with an appropriate number of moles of ethyl¬ ene oxide. Tertiary amines derived from naturally occur¬ ring substances such as coconut oil and oleoamine are available from Armour Chemical Company under the trade designation "Ethomeen". Particular examples are the Ethomeen-C and the Ethomeen-0 series. Sulfur-containing compounds such as sulfurize C 12-24 fa s, alkyl sulfides and polysulfides wherei the alkyl groups contain from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an sulfurized polyolefins also may function as frictio modifiers in the lubricating oil compositions of th invention. In one embodiment, a preferred friction modifi¬ er to be included in the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention is at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, and generally, up to about 1% by weight of the partial fatty acid esters appears to provide the desired friction-modifying char¬ acteristics. The hydroxy fatty acid esters are select¬ ed from hydroxy fatty acid esters of dihydric or polyhy¬ dric alcohols or oil-soluble oxyalkylenated derivatives thereof. Suitable partial fatty acid esters of polyhy¬ dric alcohols include, for example, glycol monoesters, glycerol mono- and diesters, and pentaerythritol di- and/or triesters. The partial fatty acid esters of gly¬ cerol are preferred, and of the glycerol esters, mono- esters, or mixtures of monoesters and diesters are often utilized. The partial fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols can be prepared by methods well known in the art, such as by direct esterification of an acid with a polyol, reaction of a fatty acid with an epoxide, etc. It is generally preferred that the partial fat¬ ty acid ester contain olefinic unsaturation, and this olefinic unsaturation usually is found in the acid moi¬ ety of the ester. In addition to natural fatty acids containing olefinic unsaturation such as oleic acid, octeneoic acids, tetradeceneoic acids, etc., can be utilized in forming the esters. The partial fatty acid esters utilized as fric¬ tion modifiers in the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention may be present as components of a mixture containing a variety of other components such as unreacted fatty acid, fully esterified polyhydric alco¬ hols, and other materials. Commercially available partial fatty acid esters often are mixtures which con¬ tain one or more of these components as well as mixtures of mono- and diesters of glycerol. Among the commercially available glycerol esters are ester mixtures containing at least about 30% by weight of monoester and generally from about 35% to about 65% by weight of monoester, about 30% to about 50% by weight of diester, and the balance in the aggregate, generally less than about 15%, is a mixture of triester, free fatty acid and other components. Specific examples of commercially available material comprising fatty acid esters of glycerol include Emery 2421 (Emery Industries, Inc.), Cap City GMO (Capital), DUR-EM 114, DUR-EM GMO, etc. (Durkee Industrial Foods, Inc.) and various mater¬ ials identified under the mark MAZOL GMO (Mazer Chemi¬ cals, Inc.). Other examples of partial fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols may be found in K.S. Markley, Ed., "Fatty Acids", Second Edition, Parts I and V, Interscience Publishers (1968). Numerous commercial¬ ly available fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols are listed by tradena e and manufacturer in McCutcheons' Emulsifiers and Detergents, North American and Interna¬ tional Combined Editions (1981). The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention also may contain at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound. Such salt compounds generally are referred to as ash-containing detergents. The acidic organic com¬ pound may be at least one sulfur acid, carboxylic acid, phosphorus acid, or phenol, or mixtures thereof. Gener¬ ally, the basic or overbased salts are preferred. The basic or overbased salts will have metal ratios of up to about 40 and more particularly from about 2 to about 30 or 40. Calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium are the preferred alkaline earth metals. Salts containing a mixture of ions of two or more of these alkaline earth metals, can be used. A commonly employed method for preparing the basic (or overbased) salts comprises heating a mineral oil solution of the acid with a stoichiometric excess of a metal neutralizing agent, e.g., a metal oxide, hydrox¬ ide, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfide, etc., at tempera¬ tures above about 50°C. In addition, various promoters may be used in the neutralizing process to aid in the incorporation of the large excess of metal. These pro¬ moters include such compounds as the phenolic sub¬ stances, e.g., phenol, naphthol, alkylphenol, thiophen- ol, sulfurized alkylphenol and the various condensation products of formaldehyde with a phenolic substance; alco¬ hols such as methanol, 2-propanol, octyl alcohol, cello- solve carbitol, ethylene, glycol, stearyl alcohol, and cyclohexyl alcohol; amines such as aniline, phenylenedi- amine, phenothiazine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, and dodecyl amine, etc. A particularly effective process for preparing the basic salts comprises mixing the acid with an excess of the basic alkaline earth metal in the presence of the phenolic promoter and a small amount of water and carbonating the mixture at an elevated tempera¬ ture, e.g., 60°C to about 200°C. As mentioned above, the acidic organic compound from which the salt alkaline earth metal is derived may be at least one sulfur acid, carboxylic acid, phosphorus acid, or phenol or mixtures thereof. Some of these acidic organic compounds (sulfonic and carboxylic acids) previously have been described above with respect to the preparation of the alkali metal salts (component (E)), and all of the acidic organic compounds described above can be utilized in the preparation of the alkaline earth metal salts. In addition to the sulfonic acids, the sulfur acids include thiosulfonic, sulfinic, sulfenic, partial ester sulfuric, sulfurous and thiosulfuric acids. The pentavalent phosphorus acids may be an organophosphoric, phosphonic or phosphinic acid, or a thio analog of any of these. The alkaline earth metal salts may also be prepared from phenols; that is, compounds containing a hydroxy group bound directly to an aromatic ring. The term "phenol" as used herein includes compounds having more than one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic ring, such as catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone. It also includes alkylphenols such as the cresols and ethyl- phenols, and alkenylphenols. Preferred are phenols containing at least one alkyl substituent containing about 3-100 and especially about 6-50 carbon atoms, such as heptylphenol, octylphenol, dodecylphenol, tetrapro- pene-alkylated phenol, octadecylphenol and polybutenyl- phenols. Phenols containing more than one alkyl substi¬ tuent may also be used, but the monoalkylphenols are preferred because of their availability and ease of production. Also useful are condensation products of the above-described phenols with at least one lower aldehyde or ketone, the term "lower" denoting aldehydes and ketones containing not more than 7 carbon atoms. Suit¬ able aldehydes include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pro- pionaldehyde, etc. The amount of alkaline earth metal salt includ¬ ed in the lubricants of the present invention also may be varied over a wide range, and useful amounts in any particular lubricating oil composition can be readily determined by one skilled in the art. The salts func¬ tion as auxiliary or supplemental detergent. The amount contained in a lubricant of the invention may vary from about 0% to about 5% or more. The lubricating oils of the invention may con¬ tain at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of an alkylphenol sulfide. The oils may contain from, about 0 to about 2 or 3% of said phenol sulfides. More often, the oil may contain from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of the basic salts of phenol sulfides. The term "basic" is used herein the same way in which it was used in the definition of other components above. The neutral and basic salts of phenol sulfides provide anti- oxidant and detergent properties of the oil compositions of the invention. The oil compositions of the present invention also may contain one or more sulfur-containing composi¬ tion useful in improving the antiwear, extreme pressure and antioxidant properties of the lubricating oil compo¬ sitions. Sulfur-containing compositions prepared by the sulfurization of various organic materials including olefins are useful. The olefins may be any aliphatic, arylaliphatic or alicyclic olefinic hydrocarbon contain¬ ing from about 3 to about 30 carbon atoms. U.S. Patents 4,119,549, 4,505,830 and Re 27,331 are incorporated by reference herein for their disclo¬ sure of suitable sulfurized olefins useful in the lubri¬ cating oils of the present invention. Several specific sulfurized compositions are described in the working examples thereof. Other extreme pressure agents and corrosion- and oxidation-inhibiting agents also may be included and are exemplified by chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorinated wax; organic sulfides and polysul¬ fides such as benzyl disulfide, bis(chlorobenzyl)disul- fide, dibutyl tetrasulfide, sulfurized methyl ester of oleic acid and sulfurized alkylphenol; phosphosulfurized hydrocarbons such as the reaction product of a phos¬ phorus sulfide with turpentine or methyl oleate; phos¬ phorus esters including principally dihydrocarbon and trihydrocarbon phosphites such as dibutyl phosphite, diheptyl phosphite, dicyclohexyl phosphite, pentyl phenyl phosphite, dipentyl phenyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, distearyl phosphite, dimethyl naphthyl phosphite, oleyl 4-ρentylphenyl phosphite, polypropylene (molecular weight 500)-substituted phenyl phosphite, diisobutyl-substituted phenyl phosphite; metal thiocar- bamates, such as zinc dioctyldithiocarbamate, and barium heptylphenyl dithiocarbamate. Pour point depressants are a particularly use¬ ful type of additive often included in the lubricating oils described herein. The use of such pour point depressants in oil-based compositions to improve low temperature properties of oil-based compositions is well known in the art. See, for example, page 8 of "Lubric¬ ant Additives" by C.V. Smalheer and R. Kennedy Smith Lezius-Hiles Co. publishers, Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. Examples of useful pour point depressants are pσlymethacrylates; polyacrylates; polyacrylamides; con¬ densation products of haloparaffin waxes and aromatic compounds; vinyl carboxylate polymers; and terpolymers of dialkylfumarates, vinyl esters of fatty acids and alkyl vinyl ethers. Pour point depressants useful for the purposes of this invention, techniques for their preparation and their uses are described in U.S. Patents 2,387,501; 2,015,748; 2,655,479; 1,815,022; 2,191,498; 2,666,746; 2,721,877; 2,721,878; and 3,250,715 which are hereby incorporated by reference for their relevant disclosures. Anti-foam agents are used to reduce or prevent the formation of stable foam. Typical anti-foam agents include silicones or organic polymers. Additional anti- foam compositions are described in "Foam Control Agents" by Henry T. Kerner (Noyes Data Corporation, 1976), pages 125-162. The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention also may contain, particularly when the lubri¬ cating oil compositions are formulated into multigrade oils, one or more commercially available viscosity modi¬ fiers. Viscosity modifiers generally are polymeric mat¬ erials characterized as being hydrocarbon-based polymers generally having number average molecular weights be¬ tween about 25,000 and 500,000 more often between about 50,00-0 and 200,000. Polyisobutylene has been used as a viscosity modifier in lubricating oils. Pol methacrylates (PMA) are prepared from mixtures of methacrylate monomers having different alkyl groups. Most PMA's are viscosity- modifiers as well as pour point depressants. The alkyl groups may be either straight chain or branched chain groups containing from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms. When a small amount of a nitrogen-containing monomer is copolymerized with alkyl methacrylates, dispersancy properties also are incorporated into the product. Thus, such a product has the multiple function of viscosity modification, pour point depressants and dispersancy. Such products have been referred to in the art as dispersant-type viscosity modifiers or simply dispersant-viscosity modifiers. Vinyl pyridine, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are examples of nitrogen-containing monomers. Polyacrylates obtained from the polymerization or copolymerization of one or more alkyl acrylates also are useful as viscosi¬ ty-modifiers. Ethylene-propylene copolymers, generally refer¬ red to as OCP can be prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and propylene, generally in a solvent, using known catal¬ ysts such as a Ziegler-Natta initiator. The ratio of ethylene to propylene in the polymer influences the oil- solubility, oil-thickening ability, low temperature vis¬ cosity, pour point depressant capability and engine per¬ formance of the product. The common range of ethylene content is 45-60% by weight and typically is from 50% to about 55% by weight. Some commercial OCP's are terpoly¬ mers of ethylene, propylene and a small amount of non- conjugated diene such as 1 ,4-hexadiene. In the rubber industry, such terpolymers are referred to as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer). The use of OCP's as viscosity modifiers in lubricating oils has increased rapidly since about 1970, and the OCP's are currently one of the most widely used viscosity modifiers for motor oils. Esters obtained by copolymerizing styrene and maleic anhydride in the presence of a free radical ini¬ tiator and thereafter esterifying the copolymer with a mixture of ^_ -\ Q alcohols also are useful as viscosity modifying additives in motor oils. The styrene esters generally are considered to be multifunctional premium viscosity modifiers. The styrene esters in addition to their viscosity modifying properties also are pour point depressants and exhibit dispersancy properties when the esterification is terminated before its completion leav¬ ing some unreacted anhydride or carboxylic acid groups. These acid groups can then be converted to imides by reaction with a primary amine. Hydrogenated styrene-con- jugated diene copolymers are another class of commercial¬ ly available viscosity modifiers for motor oils. The above described hydrogenated copolymers have been described in the prior art such as in U.S. Patents 3,551,336; 3,598,738; 3,554,911; 3,607,749; 3,687,849; and 4,181,618 which are hereby incorporated by reference for their disclosures of polymers and copolymers useful as viscosity modifiers in the oil compositions of this invention. Hydrogenated styrene- butadiene copolymers useful as viscosity modifiers in the lubricating oil compositions of the present inven¬ tion are available commercially from, for example, BASF under the general trade designation "Glissoviscal". A particular example is a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer available under the designation Glissoviscal 5260 which has a molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography, of about 120,000. Hydro¬ genated styrene-isoprene copolymers useful as viscosity modifiers are available from, for example, The Shell Chemical Company under the general trade designation "Shellvis". Shellvis 40 from Shell Chemical Company is identified as a diblock copolymer of styrene and iso¬ prene having a number average molecular weight of about 155,000, a styrene content of about 19 mole percent and an isoprene content of about 81 mole percent. Shellvis 50 is available from Shell Chemical Company and is ident¬ ified as a diblock copolymer of styrene and isoprene having a number average molecular weight of about 100,000, a styrene content of about 28 mole percent and an isoprene content of about 72 mole percent. General¬ ly, the polymeric viscosity improvers are used in concen¬ trations of about 0.2 to about 8% and more particularly, in amounts from about 0.5 to about 6% by weight of the finished lubricating oil. The lubricating oils of the present invention may be prepared by dissolving or suspending the various components directly in a base oil along with any other additives which may be used. More often, the chemical components of the present invention are diluted with a substantially inert, normally liquid organic diluent such as mineral oil, naphtha, benzene, etc. to form an additive concentrate. These concentrates usually comprise from about 0.01 to about 80% by weight of one or more of the additive components (A) through (C) described above, and may contain, in addition, one or more of the other additives described above. Chemical concentrations such as 15%, 20%, 30% or 50% or higher may be employed. For example, concentrates may contain on a chemical basis, from about 10 to about 50% by weight of the carboxylic derivative composition (B), and from about 10 to about 5000 ppm of manganese as metal. The concentrates also may contain from about 0.01% to about 15% of the metal phosphorodithioates (D), from about 1 to about 30% by weight of the carboxylic ester (F) and/or from about 1% to about 20% by weight of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt (F) . Typical lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention are exemplified in the follow¬ ing lubrication oil examples wherein the percentages are on a volume basis and the percentages indicate the amount of the normally oil diluted solutions of the indicated additives used to form the lubricating oil composition. For example, Lubricant I contains 3.5% by volume of the product of Example B-10 which is an oil solution of the indicated carboxylic derivative (B) containing 55% diluent oil. Lubricant Example I Components Percent Product of Ex. B-10 3. ' 5 Product of Ex. D-1 0.4 Zinc salt of a phosphorodithioic acid prepared from amyl and isobutyl alcohol mixture (35:65)m 0.47 Product of Ex. E-1 0.25 Basic magnesium alkylated benzene benzene sulfonate 0.33 Basic calcium alkylated benzene sulfonate 0.41 Overbased manganese carboxylate (40% Mn) (Mooney FOA-910) 250 ppm Amide-based friction modifier 0.1 Cg mono- and Cg-di-para-alkylated diphenylamine 0.1 Sulfurized butyl acrylate-butadiene product 0.15 Silicone antifoam 0.006 Mineral oil remainder Lubricant Example II Component Percent Product of Ex. B-10 3.0 Zinc salt of diisooctyl phos¬ phorodithioic acid 1.07 Product of Ex. F-6 2.8 Basic magnesium sulfonate 0.35 Basic calcium sulfonate 0.92 Nonyl phenoxy ρoly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol 0.1 Overbased manganese carboxylate (40% Mn) - Mooney FOA-910 250 ppm Propylene tetramer phenol reacted with sulfur dichloride 2.3 Silicone antifoam 0.001 Mineral oil remainder The lubricating oil compositions of the present invention exhibit a reduced tendency to deteriorate under conditions of use and thereby reduce wear and the formation of such undesirable deposits as varnish, sludge, carbonaceous materials and resinous materials which tend to adhere to the various engine parts and reduce the efficiency of the engines. In one embodi¬ ment, lubricating oils can be formulated within this invention which can pass all of the tests required for classification as an SG oil. The lubrication oils of this invention are use¬ ful also in diesel engines, and lubricating oil formula¬ tions can be prepared in accordance with this invention which meet the requirements of the new diesel classifica¬ tion CE. The performance characteristics of the lubricat¬ ing oil compositions of the present invention are evalu¬ ated by subjecting lubricating oil compositions to a number of engine oil tests which have been designed to evaluate various performance characteristics of engine oils. The ASTM Sequence HID engine oil test simul¬ ates high speed, high load operation and is a severe test of an oil's ability to lubricate under demanding conditions. This test utilizes a production 5.7 liter, 2-barrel 8.5:1 compression Oldsmobile V-8 gasoline engine. Each test requires that the engine be built to the specific instructions outlined in ASTM STP 315H. The test is conducted in two parts consisting of a 4-hour break-in period followed by a 64-hour steady- state test period. The engine is operated at 100 bhp/- 74.6 kw and 3000 rpm during the 64-hour test period. The test is monitored by sampling and analyzing the lubric¬ ant every 8 hours. New test oil is added to replenish the oil lost to sampling and blowby. The performance criteria for the Sequence HID test (SF Quality) are as follows: maximum viscosity increase measured at 45°C after 64 hours = 375%; average engine sludge rating 9.2 minimum; average engine piston rating 9.2 minimum; average oil land deposits 4.8 minimum; cam and lifter wear (inches), average = 0.0040, and maximum = 0.0080; and oil consumption, quarts = 6.38. The results of the Sequence HID test modified to use non-phosphated cam shafts and conducted on Lubricants I and II and Control Lubricants I and II are summarized in the following table. Control Lubricants I and II are identical to Lubricants I and II respectively except that the Controls contain no manganese. (The normal Sequence HID cam shafts are manganese phosphated to enhance scuffing resistance and to provide a lubric¬ ant reservoir in the contact zone.) Results of the tests are reported in the following table. TABLE II ASTM Sequence HID Test Results Non-Phosphated Non-Phosphated Test Camshafts Camshafts Lub cant Cont-I Cont-II I II Average Sludge* 9.67 9.72 9.74 9. 66 Average Piston Skirt Varnish* 9.15 9.32 9.32 9. 34 Average Ring Land Deposits* 6.Θ0 8.13 7.91 8. 14 Cam Plus Lifter Wear ( nches) maximum 0.0005 0.0087 0.0006 0. 0023 mlnlmum 0.0001 0.0002 0.0003 0. 0002 average 0.0003 0.0016 0.0004 0. 0006 Viscosity Increase (X) o 64 hr. 283 44 36 50 0 1 Consumption (qts.) 4.64 4.67 3.97 4. ,55 10 - clean. As mentioned above, in order for a lubricating oil to be qualified for API Service Classification SG, the lubricating oils must pass certain specified engine oil tests. However, lubricating oil compositions passing one or more of the individual tests also are useful in certain applications. The ASTM Sequence HIE engine oil test has been recently established as a means of defining the high-temperature wear, oil thickening, and deposit pro¬ tection capabilities of SG engine oils. The HIE test, which replaces the Sequence HID test, provides improved discrimination with respect to high temperature camshaft and lifter wear protection and oil thickening control. The HIE test utilizes a Buick 3.8L V-6 model engine which is operated on leaded fuel at 67.8 bhp and 3000 rpm for a maximum test length of 64 hours. A valve spring load of 230 pounds is used. A 100% glycol cool¬ ant is used because of the high engine operating tempera¬ tures. Coolant outlet temperature is maintained at 118°C, and the oil temperature is maintained at 149°C at an oil pressure of 30 psi. The air-to-fuel ratio is 16.5, and the blow-by rate is 1.6 cfm. The initial oil charge is 146 ounces. The test is terminated when the oil level reaches 28 ounces low at any of the 8-hour check inter¬ vals. When the tests are concluded before 64 hours be¬ cause of low oil level, the low oil level has generally resulted from hang-up of the heavily oxidized oil throughout the engine and its inability to drain to the oil pan at the 49°C oil check temperature. Viscosities are obtained on the 8-hour oil samples, and from this data, curves are plotted of percent viscosity increase versus engine hours. A maximum 375% viscosity increase measured at 40°C at 64 hours is required for API class¬ ification SG. The engine sludge requirement is a mini¬ mum rating of 9.2, the piston varnish a minimum of 8.9, and the ring land deposit a minimum of 3.5 based on the CRC merit rating system. Details of the current Sequence HIE Test are contained in the "Sequence HID Surveillance Panel Report on Sequence HI Test to the ASTM Oil Classification Panel", dated November 30, 1987, revised January 11, 1988. The results of the Sequence HIE test conducted on Lubricants I and II are summarized in the following Table III. For comparison, results are also summarized for Control Oil I and Control Oil 2 which corresponded to Lubricants I and II, respectively except that the control oils do not contain the manganese additive. TABLE III ASTM Sequence III-E Test Test Results Oi X V1s Engine Piston Ring Land VTW a Consum Lub. Increase Sludqe Varnish Deposit Max/Min/Avq fqt Cont I 3300 9.3 8.4 5.0 106/7/19 2. I 210 9.6 8.9 6.3 12/7/9 1. Cont II 2400 9.2 8.8 3.7 1175/3/176 3. II 740 9.3 9.0 4.5 133/6/70 3. a In ten-thousandths of an inch. While the invention has been explained in rela¬ tion to its preferred embodiments, it is to be under¬ stood that various modifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention disclosed herein is intended to cover such modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: Claims 1. A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines which comprises: (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating vis¬ cosity; (B) at least about 1.0% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by react¬ ing (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound character¬ ized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being character¬ ized by the presence within their structure of an aver¬ age of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and (C) at least one manganese compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 1 to about 500 ppm of manganese as metal, provided that the manganese compound is not a neutral manganese dihydrocarbyl phosphoro¬ dithioate. 2. The lubricating composition of claim 1 which is substantially free of copper. 3. The lubricating composition of claim 1 wherein the manganese compound (C) is a overbased mangan¬ ese compound. 4. The lubricating composition of claim 1 also containing (D) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate characterized by the formula wherein R 1 and R"_? 6 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to about 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal, and n is an integer equal to the valence of M. 5. The lubricating composition of claim 4 wherein at least one of R and R 2 of (D) is attached to the oxygen atoms through a secondary carbon atom. 6. The lubricating composition of claim 1 also containing (E) a detergent effective amount of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid. 7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the manganese compound (C) is a salt of an acidic material selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, and phenols. 8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the manganese compound (C) is an overbased manganese salt of a mixture of carboxylic acids. 9. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 containing from about 50 to about 300 ppm of manganese as metal. 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the value of Mn in (B) is at least about 1500. 11. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the value of Mw/Mn in (B) is at least about 2.0. 12. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein in (B), from about 0.5 equivalent up to about 2 moles of the amine (B-2) is reacted per equivalent of acylating agent (B-1 ) . 13. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein the acylating agents (B-1 ) are characterized by the presence within their structure of at least about 1.5 up to about 2.5 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of the substituent groups. 14. A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines which comprises: (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating vis¬ cosity; (B) at least about 1% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by react¬ ing (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound character¬ ized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being character¬ ized by the presence within their structure of an aver¬ age of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and CO at least one overbased manganese salt of a carboxylic or sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide from about 1 to about 500 ppm of manganese as metal. 15. The lubricating oil composition of claim 14 which is substantially free of copper. 16. The lubricating oil composition of claim 14 wherein the manganese compound (C) is a overbased manganese carboxylate. 17. The lubricating oil composition of claim 14 also containing (D) from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate characterized by the formula wherein R 1 and R_? are each independently hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to about 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal, and n is an integer equal to the valence of M. 18. The lubricating oil composition of claim 17 wherein at least one of the above R 1 and R2 of (D) is attached to the oxygen atoms through a secondary carbon atom. 19. The lubricating oil composition of claim 17 wherein (D) comprises a mixture of metal salts of dihydrocarbylphosphorodithioic acids wherein in at least one of the dihydrocarbylphosphorodithioic acids, one of the hydrocarbyl groups (D-1 ) is an isopropyl or second¬ ary butyl group, the other hydrocarbyl group (D-2) con¬ tains at least 5 carbon atoms, and at least about 10 mole percent of all of the hydrocarbyl groups present in (D) are isopropyl groups, secondary butyl groups, or mixtures thereof. 20. The lubricating oil composition of claim 14 also containing (E) a detergent effective amount of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid. 21. The lubricating oil composition of claim 20 wherein the alkali metal salt (E) is characterized as having a ratio of equivalents of alkali metal to equivalents of sulfonic or carboxylic acid of at least about 2:1. 22. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 also containing (F) at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition produced by reacting (F-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (F-2) at least one alcohol of the general formula R 3 (OH) m (XI) wherein R~ is a monovalent or polyvalent organic group joined to the OH group through a carbon bond, and m is an integer from 1 to about 10. 23. The lubricating oil composition of claim 22 wherein m is at least 2. 24. The lubricating oil composition of claim 22 wherein the composition obtained by reacting the acylating agent (F-1) with the alcohol (F-2) is further reacted with (F-3) at least one amine containing at least one >NH group. 25. A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines which comprises: (A) a major amount of oil of lubrication vis¬ cosity; (B) at least about 1.0% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound character¬ ized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and (C) at least one overbased manganese salt of at least one carboxylic acid in an amount sufficient to provide from about 50 to about 300 ppm of manganese as metal; and (D) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of at least one metal dihydrocarbylphosphorodithioate characterized by the formula (VIII) wherein R1' and Rϋ? are each independently hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to about 13 carbon atoms, at least one of R 1 and R_? is attached to the oxygen atom through a secondary carbon atom, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Group II metals, aluminum, tin, iron, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, mangan¬ ese, nickel or copper, and n is an integer equal to the valence of M. 26. The lubricating oil composition of claim 25 also containing (E) from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight of at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid. 27. The lubricating oil composition of claim 25 also containing (F) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition produced by reacting (F-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (F-2) at least one alcohol of the general formula R 3 (0H) m (XI) wherein R 3 is a monovalent or polyvalent organic group joined to the OH group through a carbon bond, and m is an integer from 1 to about 10. 28. A concentrate for formulating lubricating oil compositions comprising: (A) from about 20% to about 90% by weight of a normally liquid, substantially inert organic diluent/- solvent; (B) from about 10% to about 50% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1 ) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound character¬ ized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group wherein said substituted succinic acylat¬ ing agents consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being character¬ ized by the presence within their structure of an aver¬ age of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups; and (C) at least one manganese compound in an amount to provide from about 10 to about 5000 ppm of manganese as metal provided that the manganese compound is not a neutral manganese dihydrocarbylphosphorodi- thioate. 29. The concentrate of claim 28 also contain¬ ing 0.05% to about 15% by weight of (D) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of at least one metal dihydrocarbyl phosphorodithioate characterized by the formula wherein R' and R 2 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups containing from 3 to about 13 carbon atoms, M is a metal, and n is an integer equal to the valence of M. 30. The concentrate of claim 28 also contain¬ ing from about 1% to about 20% by weight of (E) at least one neutral or basic alkali metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid.

Inventors: ROBY STEPHEN H, ROBY, STEPHEN, H.
Applicants: LUBRIZOL CORP, THE LUBRIZOL CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: C10M141
IPC codes: C10M141, C10M163, C10N10, C10N30, C10N40