A plastically deformable bush for use in an automotive door hinge assembly and method for manufacturing such bushes

Abstract: A door hinge assembly is disclosed, which comprises a door hinge assembly for pivotally connecting a door to a fixed structure. The assembly comprises a first wing member (1) secured to the fixed structure, the first wing member (1) having first aligned bores (3) formed therethrough; a second wing member (4) secured to the door, the second wing member having second aligned bores (5) formed therethrough, the first and second wing members being so arranged that all of the first and second aligned bores are aligned; a pivot shaft (11) passing through the aligned first and second bores to pivotally connect the first and second wing members; plastically deforable bushes (7) respectively disposed in the second bores (5) while rotatably receiving therein the pivot shaft (11); a first structure (11b, 11d) for suppressing rotation of the pivot shaft (11) relative to the first bores (3); and a second structure (4d) for suppressing rotation of the bushes (7) relative to the second bores (5). Each bush (7) includes a tubular part (7a) intimately and tightly received in the corresponding one of the second bores (5), and a first flange part (7b) integrally formed on one end of the tubular part (7a) and intimately contacting with one surface of the second wing member (4). The bush (7) further is formed with a slit (8) which extends axially throughout the tubular (7a) and flange parts (7b) thereby to provide the bush (7) with circumferentially opposed terminal end portions (9, 10).

Description: The present invention relates in general to door hinge assemblies, and more particularly, to automotive door hinge assemblies of a type which comprises one wing member secured to a vehicle body, the other wing member secured to a door, a pivot shaft pivotally connecting these two wing members and bushes disposed about the pivot shaft to smooth the pivotal movement between the two wing members. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with a plastically deforamble bush for use in a door hinge assembly, according to the pre-characterizing part of claim 1. Furthermore the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing such bushes Description of the Prior Art Hitherto, various types of door hinge assemblies have been proposed and put into practical use particularly in the field of motor vehicles. Some of them are of a type which comprises one wing member secured to the vehicle body, the other wing member secured to the vehicle door, a pivot shaft pivotally connecting these two wing members and bushes disposed about the pivot shaft to smooth the pivotal movement between the two wing members. However, hitherto, the construction of the hinge assemblies and that of the bushes for such door hinge assemblies have been given little thought. In fact, for just convenience sake, the bushes employed in such door hinge assemblies are those of a type which is commonly used in light duty devices. Thus, due to the nature of such light duty bushes, frequent opening and closing movements of the door have sometimes induced severe abrasion of the bushes shortening the life of the door hinge assembly in which the bushes are employed. Such abrasion becomes much severe when the bushes are unstably installed in the hinge assembly. In fact, hitherto, it has been difficult or at least troublesome to install the bushes to their right positions without inducing a play of the same. Japanese Utility Model First Provisional Publication 55-103371 shows bushes of a type whose outer surface is shaped polygonal. In use, the bush is fitted in a corresponding bore having the polygonal outer surface compressed, for the purpose of suppressing the undesirable play of the same relative to the bore. However, even the bushes of the Publication have failed to exhibit a satisfied result. From FR-A-2 432 600, a plastically deformable bush for use in a door hinge assembly is known, comprising a tubular one piece body including a tubular part having one end portion tapered toward its free end and a slit which extends substantially axially throughout the tubular part, thereby, to provide the bush with circumferentially opposed end portions which are formed with mutually engageable wave-like portions, each wave-like portion including a rounded projection and a rounded recess. The bush of FR-A-2 432 600 is made of steel with higher resistance, which means that for providing a rigid construction the thickness of the bush is relatively large. This, on the one hand renders the bush of this document rather heavy and, on the other hand is subjected to abrasion, in particular, when the bush is unstablely installed and hinge assembly. As shown in Figure 1 and 5 of this document, the slit is maintained after introduction into the hinge, leading to an unstable fixing of the bush, which according to vibrations of the hoor hinge occuring with respect to opening and closing the door or during the running conditions of the car, leading to movement of the bush, in particular, in the vertical direction, which leads to a malfunction of the hinge. Therefore, is an object of the present invention to provide a plastically deformable bush for use in a door hinge assembly, according to the pre-characterising part of claim 1, which can easily be installed and comprises a prolonged life compared with the conventional door hinges assemblies. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a process for manufacturing such bushes. These object are achieved by the characterising features of claims 1 and 4, respectively. According to the subject-matter of new claim 1, there is provided a plastically deformable bush, having a very strong and flexible construction being resistant against abrasion and leading to a extended life. Furthermore, as the bush is a one piece body, this emphasises or promotes the robust construction of the bush. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a door hinge assembly which is a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing one (movable) wing member and two bushes which are employed in the first embodiment; Fig. 3 is a sectional, but enlarged, view taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a bush employed in the door hinge assembly of the first embodiment; Fig. 5 is a sectional, but partial view, of a press machine in a condition wherein the bush of the first embodiment is being pressed by the machine; Fig. 6 is a sectional, but enlarged, view of the bush installed in the right position; Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the second embodiment; Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the second embodiment, which view is taken along the line IX-IX of Fig. 7; Fig. 10 is a sectional, but enlarged, view taken along the line X-X of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a third embodiment; and Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings, particularly Fig. 1, there is shown a door hinge assembly of a first embodiment of the present invention. The door hinge assembly comprises one wing member 1 adapted to be secured to a vehicle body (namely, a pillar of the body). For ease of understanding, this wing member 1 will be referred to as "fixed wing member" hereinafter. As is shown in Fig. 1, the fixed wing member 1 comprises a vertical base portion 1a which is to be bolted to the vehicle body, and two spaced horizontal supporting arms 1b and 1b which extend laterally from upper and lower ends of the base portion 1a. The supporting arms 1b and 1b have at their leading ends aligned bores 3 and 3 formed therethrough (see Fig. 3). For achieving the bolted connection, the base portion 1a is formed with openings 2 through which bolts (not shown) are inserted. Pivotally connected to the fixed wing member 1 in an after-mentioned manner is another wing member 4 which will be referred to as "movable wing member" hereinafter for ease of understanding. The movable wing member 4 is secured through bolts (not shown) to the vehicle door. As is seen from Fig. 2, the movable wing member 4 comprises a protruded middle portion (4a, 4b, 4b) which is put between the upper and lower supporting arms 1b and 1b of the above-mentioned fixed wing member 1. The movable wing member 4 further comprises upper and lower vertical base portions 4c and 4c which extend upward and downward from the protruded middle portion respectively. The protruded middle portion comprises a vertical bridge part 4a, and upper and lower horizontal parts 4b and 4b which extend laterally from upper and lower ends of the vertical bridge part 4a and merge with the upper and lower vertical base portions 4c and 4c. The upper and lower horizontal parts 4b and 4b are respectively formed with aligned bores 5 and 5. The upper and lower vertical base portions 4c and 4c are formed with respective openings 6 and 6 through which bolts (not shown) are inserted to achieve a bolted connection of the movable wing member 4 to the vehicle door. As is seen from Fig. 2, bushes 7 and 7 are respectively put in the bores 5 and 5 of the upper and lower horizontal parts 4b and 4b. The bushes in the bores are arranged in a mirror image manner, as shown. For the reason which will be described hereinafter, when each bush 7 is finally set in the corresponding bore 5, there is no movement of the bush 7 relative to the bore 5. The bush 7 is produced by stamping a plastically deformable material sheet which comprises an expanded metal mesh and a suitable plastic (for example, tetrafluoroethylene or the like) filling up the meshes of the metal mesh. The material sheet for the bush 7 is disclosed in Japanese Patent First Provisional Publication No. 64-79414. Each bush 7 employed in the first embodiment comprises a tubular part 7a intimately received in the corresponding bore 5, a larger circular flange part 7b projected from the bore and intimately contacting the outer surface of the corresponding horizontal part 4b and a smaller circular flange part 7c projected from the bore 5 and intimately contacting the inner surface of the corresponding horizontal part 4b. For the reason which will become apparent, the cylindrical inner surface of each bush 7 is made very smoothed. As is best shown in Fig. 4, the bush 7 is formed with a slit 8 which extends generally axially to define circumferentially opposed terminal ends 9 and 10 of the bush 7. As shown, the opposed ends 9 and 10 are formed with mutually engageable wave-like portions, each including a rounded projection (or convex portion) 9a or 10a and a rounded recess (or concave portion) 9b or 10b. That is, when kept unstressed, the bush 7 assumes its expanded state as shown in Fig. 4, while, when stressed from the outside, the bush 7 completes its cylindrical shape having the wave-like opposed portions 9 and 10 neatly mated. This will be understood from Fig. 6. Fig. 5 shows the method for installing the bush 7 to the bore 5 of each horizontal part 4b of the movable wing member 4. For carrying out this method, a press machine is used, which comprises upper and lower press dies 13 and 17. The press die 13 is provided with a guide shaft 14 which extends perpendicularly from a recessed part of the upper press die 13. The recess of the die 13 is denoted by numeral 13a. The lower press die 17 is formed with an annular shallow recess 15 and a center bore 16. First, an untreated bush 7 is inserted into the bore 5 of the corresponding horizontal part 4b of the movable wing member 4. (If, as is shown, the tubular part 7a of the bush 7 is tapered toward its free end, the insertion of the bush 7 into the bore 5 is very faciliated.) Thereafter, the upper press die 13 is placed on the horizontal part 4b having the guide shaft 14 thereof slidably inserted into the bush 7. Then, the lower press die 17 is raised while slidably receiving the guide shaft 14 in the center bore 16 thereof. Finally, the lower press die 17 is strongly pressed against the horizontal part 4b keeping the upper press die 13 on the horizontal part 4b. With this strong pressing, the leading end portion of the tubular part 7a of the bush 7 is plastically deformed to produce the smaller flange 7c (which is illustrated by a phantom line in Fig. 5) and at the same time, the tubular part 7a is somewhat swelled to achieve a tight engagement with the cylindrical wall of the bore 5. Thus, as has been mentioned hereinabove, rotation of the bush 7 relative to the bore 5 is suppressed. The tight engagement of the bush 7 to the bore 5 will be well understood from Fig. 6. That is, when a bore 5 is provided by using a stamping machine, there are usually produced both a smoothly cut surface 5a and a roughly cut surface 5b. However, as is understood from the drawing, the swell of the tubular part 7a due to the pressing achieves the tight and intimate engagement between the tubular part 7a and the cylindrical wall of the bore 5. For pivotally connecting the movable wing member 4 to the fixed wing member 1, a pivot shaft 11 is used, which, as is seen from Fig. 3, comprises an enlarged head part 11a, an upper serrated part 11b, a cylindrical major part 11c, a lower serrated part 11d and a grooved lower part. The groove of the lower part is denoted by numeral 11e. As is understood from Figs. 1 and 3, for assembling the door hinge assembly, the protruded middle portion (4a, 4b, 4b) of the movable wing member 4 is put between the upper and lower supporting arms 1b and 1b of the fixed wing membert 1 in such a manner that the bores of the bushes 7 and 7 (which have been tightly installed in the bores 5 and 5 of the movable wing member 4) become aligned with the aligned bores 3 and 3 of the supporting arms 1b and 1b. The pivot shaft 11 is then inserted into the aligned bores of the supporting arms 1b and 1b and those of the bushes 7 and 7. Then, the snup ring 12 is fitted to the to groove 11e of the pivot shaft 11. As is seen from Fig. 3, upon proper assembly, each bush 7 is tightly installed in the corresponding bore 5 of the movable wing member 4 having the corresponding horizontal part 4b tightly sandwiched between the larger and smaller flange parts 7b and 7c thereof, the enlarged head part 11a of the pivot shaft 11 contacts the upper surface of the upper supporting arm 1b, the larger flange part 7b of each bush 7 is sandwiched between the corresponding supporting arm 1b and the corresponding horizontal part 4b, the serrated parts 11b and 11d of the pivot shaft 11 are tightly engaged with the cylindrical walls of the bores 3 and 3 of the supporting arms 1b and 1b, and the cylindrical major part 11c of the pivot shaft 11 is rotatably received in the tubular portions 7a and 7a of the upper and lower bushes 7 and 7. Since the serrated parts 11b and 11d of the pivot shaft 11 are tightly engaged with the bores 3 and 3 of the upper and lower supporting arms 1b and 1b of the fixed wing member 1, there is no rotation of the pivot shaft 11 relative to the fixed wing member 1. Furthermore, since the swelled tubular part 7a of each bush 7 is tightly engaged with the bore 5, there is no rotation of the bush 7 relative to the movable wing member 4. Thus, when the movable wing member 4 is subjected to movement relative to the fixed wing member 1, the relative rotation takes place only between the cylindrical wall of the bore of each bush 7 and the cylindrical surface of the pivot shaft 11 and between the outer surface of the larger flange part 7b of each bush 7 and the inner surface of the corresponding supporting arm 1b. Referring to Figs. 7 to 10, there is shown a door hinge assembly of a second embodiment of the present invention. Since the second embodiment is similar in construction to the above-mentioned first embodiment, ony the parts which are different from those of the first embodiment will be described in the following. The similar and identical parts are denoted by the same numerals as those in the first embodiment. As is understood from Figs. 8 and 9, in the second embodiment, the upper and lower horizontal parts 4b and 4b of the movable wing member 4 are provided at their outer surfaces with small stopper pins 4d and 4d, each being located near the corresponding bore 5, as shown. Each bush 7 employed in this second embodiment is somewhat different from that of the first embodiment. That is, as is seen from Fig. 8, the slit 8 of the bush 7 is made straight. As is seen from Fig. 10, the slit 8 of the bush 7 formed in the flange part 7b has a sectoral cross section which becomes enlarged as it nears the outside. As shown in Fig. 10, upon proper assembly, the sectoral slit 8 of the flange part 7b of the bush 7 has the corresponding stopper pin 4d latchingly engaged therewith, so that the bush 7 is assuredly prevented from making rotation relative to the horizontal part 4b. It is to be noted that the length of the stopper pin 4d is smaller than the thickness of the flange part 7b of the bush 7. As will be understood from the above-description, in this second embodiment, the pressing work for providing the tubular part 7a of the bush 7 with a smaller flange part (7c, see Fig. 3) and for achieving the tight engagement between the tubular part 7a and the cylindrical wall of the bore 5 is not necessary because of provision of the latching engagement between the slit 8 and the stopper pin 4d. Referring to Figs. 11 and 12, there is shown a door hinge assembly of a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, only the means for suppressing the rotation of each bush 7 relative to the bore 5 of the movable wing member 4 differs from that (viz., the stopper pins 4d and 4d) of the second embodiment. Thus, only the means will be described in the following. That is, as is understood from Fig. 11, in the third embodiment, the upper and lower horizontal parts 4b and 4b of the movable wing member 4 are respectively formed at their inner surfaces with three radially outwardly extending notches 18. As shown, each notch 18 extends from the corresponding bore 5 and the depth of the same is gradually reduced as it goes radially outwardly. As shown in Fig. 12, upon assembly, the notches 18 receive a part of the bush 7 to achieve a so-called "latching engagement" therebetween. This latching engagement is made by plastically deforming the tubular part 7a of the bush 7, like in the case of the above-mentioned first embodiment, Thus, each bush 7 has a smaller flange part 7c which contacts the inner surface of the corresponding horizontal part 4b. Due to the latching engagment thus provided, the tight engagement of each bush 7 relative to the bore 5 of the movable wing member 4 is much assured. In the following, advantages of the present invention will be described. First, since the bushes 7 and 7 are unmovably and stably received in the bores 5 and 5 of the movable wing member 4, undesired play of the bushes 7 and 7 is suppressed. This induces a reliable operation of the door hinge assembly and a life prolongation of the same. Second, since the relative rotation takes place only between the limited portions as described hereinabove, the pivotal movement of the movable wing member 4 relative to the fixed wing member 1 is assuredly and reliably carried out without generating any play and noises. Third, since the door hinge assembly of the invention is simple in construction, the same can be easily massproduced by means of automation with a reduced cost.

Claims: A plastically deformable bush for use in a door hinge assembly, comprising: a tubular one-piece body (7) including: a tubular part (7a) having one end portion (7d) tapered toward its free end; a slit (8) which extends substantially axially throughout the tubular part (7a) thereby to provide the bush with circumferentially opposed end portions (9, 10), which are formed with mutually engageable wave-like portions, each wave-like portion including a rounded projection (9a, 10a) and a rounded recess (9b, 10b), characterised in that said tubular one-piece body (7) includes a metal mesh and a plastic which fills up the meshes of said metal mesh, that an annular flange part (7b) is integrally formed on one end of said tubular part (7a); and that said slit (8) also extends throughout the flange part (7b). A plastically deformable bush as claimed in claim 1 in which said plastic filling up said metal mesh is tetrafluoroethylene. A plastically deformable bush as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which an inner surface of said tubular part (7a) is smoothed. A process for manufacturing a plastically deformable bush as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which said one-piece body is produced by stamping a plastically deformable material sheet which comprises an expanded metal mesh and a plastic filling up the meshes of said metal mesh. A process for manufacturing a plastically deformable bush as claimed in claim 4, in which the tapered end portion of said tubular part (7a) is formed into a smaller flange part when pressed in a direction toward said annular flange part (7b). A process for manufacturing a plastically deformable bush as claimed in claim 4 or 5, in which an intermediate portion of said tubular part (7a) is swelled when compressed.

Inventors: HATANO TOSHIAKI C O OHI SEISAK, KOHAMA MASAYUKI C O OILES CORP, MAKISHIMA KENJIRO C O OHI SEIS, MIYAJI TAKAYUKI C O OILES CORP, NAKAMURA YOICHI C O OHI SEISAK, TAGA SHIGENORI C O OHI SEISAKU, TSUNODA KOICHI C O OILES CORPO, UMEKI TADAYOSHI C O OILES CORP, HATANO, TOSHIAKI, C/O OHI SEISAKUSHO CO., LTD., KOHAMA, MASAYUKI, C/O OILES CORPORATION, MAKISHIMA, KENJIRO, C/O OHI SEISAKUSHO CO., LTD., MIYAJI, TAKAYUKI, C/O OILES CORPORATION, NAKAMURA, YOICHI, C/O OHI SEISAKUSHO CO., LTD., TAGA, SHIGENORI, C/O OHI SEISAKUSHO CO., LTD., TSUNODA, KOICHI, C/O OILES CORPORATION, UMEKI, TADAYOSHI, C/O OILES CORPORATION
Applicants: OHI SEISAKUSHO CO LTD, OILES INDUSTRY CO LTD, OHI SEISAKUSHO CO., LTD., OILES CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: E05D5
IPC codes: E05D5, E05D9, F16C33