Lawn and bush cutter

Abstract: A lawn and bush cutting device, comprises a housing (1) for rotation about an axis, a drive shaft (11, 13) fixed to said housing and drivable for rotation about said axis to rotate said housing, a wire cylinder mounted in said housing, said wire cylinder (27) being adapted for carrying a supply of wound cutting wire (F) having a cutting portion extending from said housing (1), and a hood (7) closing the upper end of the housing (1). The hood (7) is rotatably supported by a bearing (15) mounted on said drive shaft (11, 33), means being provided for preventing the hood from rotation with respect to the maneuvering rod of the device.

Description: The invention refers to a lawn and bush cutting device, comprising a housing for rotation about an axis, a drive shaft fixed to said housing and drivable for rotation about said axis to rotate said housing, a wire cylinder mounted in said housing, said wire cylinder being adapted for carrying a supply of wound cutting wire having a cutting portion extending from said housing, and a hood closing the upper end of the housing, means being provided for preventing the hood from rotation with respect to the maneuvering rod of the device. A device of this kind is known, for example from US-A-4,211,005. This device comprises a drive cable which extends downwardly in a tube forming a maneuvering rod of the device. The drive cable is connected to a drive shaft which is journaled by ball bearings within a bushing assembly. The bushing assembly is rigidly connected on one hand to the rod by means of a clampnut, and on the other hand to the hood. Thus, the hood is rigidly connected to the maneuvering rod of the device. This known lawn and bush cutting device is formed by a motor assembly, a maneuveing rod and a cutting head which are rigidly connected one to the other. It is therefore not possible to substitute the cutting wire head with a different device, as the rod is designed to match only with this particular lawn cutting device. The object of the invention is to provide a device of the above mentioned type, which does not have these drawbacks. According to the invention, there is provided a device of the above mentioned type which is characterized in that the hood is rotatably supported by a bearing mounted on the drive shaft, and said drive shaft is rotatably supported in the end of the maneuvering rod of the device. This makes it possible to disconnect the head and the hood from the maneuvering rod, without disassembling the hood from the head. Substitution of the cutting head with a different fitting is possible. Further advantageous embodiments are set out in the appended dependent claims. The invention will be better understood reading the following description reference being made to the attached drawings, which show a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention. In the drawings: Fig.1 is an axial sectional view of the lawn and bush cutting device in accordance with the present invention; and Fig.2 is a perspectie view of the top portion of the device shown in Fig.1. Referring to the drawings, the garden material cutting device includes an axially symmetrical drum or rotating closed housing generally designated 1 which is closed at its lower end by a bottom cover 3 fastened by a central screw 5 to the housing 1. The upper end of the housing 1 is closed by a hood 7 which is prevented from rotating with respect to a maneuvering rod or lidder of the device. The hood 7 covers the top of the housing 1 and prevents weeds and long grass from winding on the drum. A hollow shaft 11 with a prismatic external surface - mostly a hexagonal surface - is located in the housing 1. An end portion of the interior of the hollow shaft 11 is threaded into and locked to the housing 1. For the locking of the cover 3, the screw 5 is engaged to a first threaded cover end of shaft 11. A bolt 13 is inserted into the hollow shaft11 from its upper end, and secures the inner race of a bearing 15 to the hollow shaft 11 and housing 1. An external race or ring of the bearing 15 is, in turn, housed in a bushing 17 provided with holes 19 threaded for screws 21 for its connection to the hood 7. The relative rotation between the housing 1 and the shaft 11 is prevented by the engagement provided by external prismatic surfaces of the shaft 11 which are engaged on a prismatic seat 1A defined on the upper part of the housing 1. The following elements are mounted for sliding on hollow shaft 11: a ring 23 provided with right angular appendixes 23A which project out of housing 1 and into hood 7, through clefts 4 of the housing1; and a sleeve 25 which is provided with teeth 25A for its coupling with a channeled profile. Both the ring 23 and the sleeve 25 can slide axially on the shaft 11, but they cannot rotate with respect to it because of the prismatic configuration of the shaft 11 and the presence of a hole which passes through the ring 23 and the sleeeve 25. The teeth 25A of the sleeve 25 are coupled with homologous teeth 27A of a hollow cylinder 27 to form a tooth or gear coupling with a channeled profile. The external surface of the cylinder 27 has teeth 27B whereon homologous teeth are engaged of two or more reels or coils 29 and 31. Wire or lines F1 and F2, made of "Nylon" or eviqualent, are wound on reels 31 and 29, to form the cutting member of the cutting device. The end portions of the wires F1, F2 extend outside the housing 1 through holes 2 provided in the housing 1. The end portions of the wires F1 and F2 define the cutting area which wears away or is sheared. These end portions must be periodically restored in their length. A further sleeve member 33 is coaxially inserted on the sleeve 25, so that it can rotate thereon. Sleeve member 33 has exterior helical teeth or surfaces 35 with a large pitch, that is, a rapid pitch which is engaged on a corresponding toothed helical internal crown made on an internal collar 27C of the hollow cylinder 27. On its upper area the sleeve member 33 has a crown of projections 33A with triangular profile or analogous, which can engage in corresponding seats 23B made on the lower base of the ring 23. A small shaped disc 37 having a hole there through, is fastened on the shaft 11 by an elastic ring, circlip or the like. Disc 37 holds the hollow cylinder 27 in position (and thus the reels 29,31) and forms the support for a spring 39, which is based upwardly against the sleeve 25. A further spring 41, reacting on the collar 27C of the hollow cylinder 27, pushes upwardly against the sleeve member 33. Coaxially with the drum there is a ring 51 which is mounted inside the hood 7. The ring 51 is equipped with an appendix 53 having sliding profiles that slide on prismatic guides 55 that are fixed solid to the hood 7. Two guides, one behind the other in Fig. 1, are provided. Thus, the guides center the ring 51 and guide the up and down sliding thereof with respect to the hood 7. A support 57 is fastened to the guides 55 by screws 58 and acts as a support for a transmission pulley 59 the entrains a thin cable 61. The cable 61 is anchored at its one end 63 to the appendix 53 of the ring 51, and extends upwardly from the hood 7 into a sheath 65. The other end of the cable 61 is connected to a lever (not shown) connected to a support rod of the lawn cutter. The ring 51 is pushed upwardly by a spring 67, that reacts on the support 57 and produces a contrasting action to the tension of the cable 61. During normal working conditions, the hollow shaft 11, which is driven to rotate by the transmission of the device motor (not shown), drives the housing 1 for rotation. The ring 23 and the sleeve 25 also rotate, through their coupling to the corresponding prismatic surfaces of the shaft 11 and the member 1, 23, 25. The sleeve 25 in turn transmits its rotational motion to the reels 29 and 31 through its teeth 25A, the teeth 27A, the hollow toothed cylinder 27 and the teeth 27B. Thus, during normal working conditions the housing 1 and all the members housed therein are rotated by the shaft 11. The invention allows for the length adjustment of the external portions of the wires F1, F2, that form the cutting member of the device, inorder to adapt these lengths to the characteristics of the vegetation to be cut and/or to remedy the situation if the wires break. This is done without stopping the cutting device by simply temporarily stopping the rotation of the drum by disengaging it from drive clutch (not shown). The release of an increment of the length of wires F1 and F2 takes place as follows: After the drive clutch has been disengaged, and the rotation of the drum including the housing 1 has been stopped, the cable 61 is pulled toward the outside of the hood 7, that is in the direction f61, thereby the ring 51 is moved downwardly. This acts on the appendixes 23A of the ring 23, that is pushed downwardly also. Along the first portion of its stroke, the ring 23 pushes the sleeve 25 downwardly, up to the point of disengagement of the teeth 25A of the sleeve 25, from the teeth 27A of the cylinder 27. Cylinder 27 can thus now freely rotate with respect to the shaft 11. Along the further portion of the downward stroke of ring 23, the ring engages the sleeve member 33 through the seats 23B and projections 33A of the same sleeve member 33. In this way, along the further downward stroke of the ring 23, the rotation of the sleeve member 33 is prevented, the rotation of the ring 23 being in turn impossible because of the appendixes 23A sliding in the clefts 4 of the housing 1. The axial movement downwardly of the sleeve member 33, because of the helical teeth 35 with large, that is, rapid pitch, engaged with the collar 27C of cylinder 27, causes an angular movement or rotation of the same cylinder 27 and of reels 29 and 31 engaged to said cylinder 27. As a consequence, an unwinding of the wires F1 and F2 from these reels is obtained. After the unwinding of wires F1 and F2, the sleeve 25 and the sleeve member 33 are brought again to their position for normal working by the action of the springs 39 and 41 respectively, as soon as the cable 61 is loosened. The sleeve 25 in turn carries back the ring 23 to its normal position, while the ring 51 is carried back to its normal upper position by the spring 67. Repeated pulling of the cable 61 allow a greater unwinding of wires. By engaging the clutch the operation starts again. Cable 61 thus activates axial motion means for axially moving sleeve member 33 to rotate cylinder 27 in its housing 1.

Claims: A lawn and bush cutting device, comprising a housing (1) for rotation about an axis, a drive shaft (11, 13) fixed to said housing and drivable for rotation about said axis to rotate said housing, a wire cylinder mounted in said housing, said wire cylinder (27) being adapted for carrying a supply of wound cutting wire (F) having a cutting portion extending from said housing (1), and a hood (7) closing the upper end of the housing (1), means being provided for preventing said hood from rotation with respect to the maneuvering rod of the device, characterized in that said hood is rotatably supported by a bearing (15) mounted on said drive shaft (11,13) and said drive shaft is rotatably supported in the end of the maneuvering rod of the device. A device according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft comprises a bolt (13) inserted into a hollow part (11) of the drive shaft, said bolt securing the inner race of the bearing (15) to the drive shaft (11). A device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said hood (7) is provided with a bushing (17) in which the bearing (15) is housed. A device according to any preceding claim, wherein the hood (7) is prevented from rotation with respect to the maneuvering rod of the device by means of a U-shaped bracket the ends of which are engaged to the hood (7) and which embraces the saidmaneuvering rod. A device according to any preceding claim, wherein the hood supports means (51-59) for remote control of the wire cylinder (27) in order to cause paying out of the cutting wire (F).

Inventors: CALCINAI MARIA ROSA, CALCINAI, MARIA ROSA
Applicants: CALCINAI MARIA ROSA, CALCINAI, MARIA ROSA
Application year: 1990
Main classification: A01D34
IPC codes: A01D34