Roadway barrier system

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a roadway barrier system which provides a safe separation between opposing lanes of vehicular traffic and is capable of being moved across a lane to change the direction of traffic flow in the lane. A plurality of barrier sections (65.........70) are positioned end-to-end along one side of the lane, and a vehicle (51) which travels along the lane has a transfer beam (58) in the form of a figure-8 with a portion (56) of the beam extending diagonally across the lane for transferring the barrier sections from one side of the lane to the other as the vehicle travels along the lane. Hinged connections (119) between the barrier sections permit the sections to be positioned different distances apart and at different angles relative to each other, and striations on the side faces of the barrier sections help to prevent vehicles which contact the barrier sections from climbing over the barrier.

Description: This invention pertains generally to barriers such as are used on highways to separate traffic lanes and, more particularly, to a system in which the barrier sections can be shifted laterally across the lanes to increase or decrease the number of lanes in a given direction of travel. U.S. Patents 4,474,503 (see preamble of claims 1 and 11) and 4,500,225 disclose systems in which sections of a roadway barrier may be shifted laterally from one lane to another. The equipment and methods described in these patents are relatively complicated in that they employ a large number of wheels or rollers which engage the extended top flanges of the barrier sections to lift the sections and transfer them from one side of a lane to the other. With rollers on both sides of the sections, the sections are, in effect, forced to pass through a narrow, winding channel or pathway. This limits the length and, hence, the weight of the sections and may result in insufficient mass in any one section to resist the impact forces of a crashing vehicle, in which case complicated locking or torsional devices may be required to promote interaction between adjacent sections. Another problem with the movable barrier systems heretofore provided is that the transfer vehicles may be of such dimensions as to protrude beyond the barrier into the active traffic lanes, creating a hazard. U.S. Patent 4,881,845 discloses an improved barrier system having a number of interconnected sections of substantial length and mass which are engaged at their ends by a transfer vehicle and moved in such manner that the transfer vehicle is protected from passing traffic and the transfer operation poses no hazzard to that traffic. It is in general an object of the invention to provide a new and improved roadway barrier system which overcomes the limitations and disadvantages of the systems heretobefore provided and which is relatively simple and reliable. This invention provides a roadway barrier system which provides a safe separation between opposing lanes of vehicular traffic and has a plurality of elongate barrier sections positioned end-to-end along one side of a lane and a vehicle which travels along the lane and moves the barrier sections across the lane to change the direction of traffic flow in the lane, characterised in that a transfer beam is carried by the vehicle in the form of a closed loop with a portion of the beam extending diagonally across the lane and a return section which crosses over the diagonally extending portion, with a plurality of trolleys mounted on the transfer beam and connected together for movement around the loop and into lifting engagement with successive ones of the barrier sections for carrying the barrier sections via the diagonally extending portion of the beam from one side of the lane to the other as the vehicle travels along the lane. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of one embodiment of a roadway barrier system according to the invention. Figure 2 is a diagrammatic elevational view of the embodiment of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Figure 1. Figures 4 and 5 are elevational views of a pick-up element affixed to the barrier sections in the embodiment of Figure 1. Figure 6 is an elevational view of a trolley on the transfer beam in the embodiment in Figure 1. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in Figure 6. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating the manner in which the pick-up elements are engaged by the trolleys in the embodiment of Figure 1. Figures 10 and 11 are fragmentary elevational views illustrating the manner in which the barrier sections are lifted and lowered in the embodiment of Figure 1. Figure 12 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating a hinged connection between two of the barrier sections in the embodiment of Figure 1. Figure 13 is an enlarged elevational view of the hinged connection of Figure 12. Figure 14 is an enlarged plan view of the hinged connection of Figure 12. Figure 15 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the exit portion of the system in the embodiment of Figure 1. As illustrated in Figures 1-3, the transfer vehicle 51 has a truss-like frame 52 and at least four ground engaging wheels 53. This vehicle is preferably self-propelled, but it can be towable, if desired. A transfer beam 54 is suspended from the frame 52 of the transfer vehicle 51. This beam is in the form of a closed figure-8 loop with an s-shaped section 56 extending diagonally between the two sides of the lane where the barrier sections are placed, a pair of generally semicircular end sections 57, 58 and a straight return section 59 which crosses over the diagonally extending s-shaped section. The beam is an I-beam, with an upper flange 61, a lower flange 62 and a web 63. The end portions 56a, 56b of the s-shaped section 56 are sloped in a manner similar to the end portions of the beam in the embodiment of Figure 1, and the central portion 56c of the s-shaped section is flat and generally parallel to the roadway. Return section 59 rises from each end toward the middle to pass over s-shaped section 56 with sufficient clearance that trolleys passing along the return section will pass freely above the s-shaped section. In Figures 1 and 2, the transfer vehicle is assumed to be travelling from left to right, and the barrier sections are being transferred from the upper side of the lane to the lower side in Figure 1. However, the vehicle can also travel in the other direction, i.e. from right to left, in which case the barrier sections will be transferred from the lower side of the lane to the upper side. In these figures, six barrier sections are shown. Sections 65, 66 are on the left, or upper, side of the lane, sections 67, 68 are being transferred across the lane, and sections 69, 70 are on the right, or lower, side of the lane. Each of the barrier sections has a pair of pads 72 spaced inwardly from the ends of the section by a distance on the order of 20 per cent of the length of the section. These pads can be fabricated of rubber or any other suitable material with a relatively low shear modulus. By holding the barrier sections clear of the roadway, they perform multiple functions. Surface water can drain freely beneath the barrier, lane marker buttons or reflectors can be used to delineate all lanes without danger of being destroyed during a lane transfer operation, and the barrier sections stand solidly without rocking even though the roadway surface may be somewhat uneven. Each of the barrier sections has a pair of upstanding pick-up elements 73 located toward the ends of the section. These elements are utilized in picking up the barrier sections to transfer them from one side of the lane to the other. As illustrated in Figure 4, each of the pick-up elements includes a flexible wire rope or cable 74 having a knob 76 with a cylindrical body 77 and an enlarged head 78 affixed to the upper end thereof. The lower end of the cable is affixed to a clevis 81 which is pivotally mounted by a bolt 82 to a plate 83 embedded in the concrete body of the barrier section. As illustrated in Figure 5, a helically coiled spring 84 encircles the pick-up cable and clevis assembly and holds the cable in an upright or erect rest position while permitting it to be deflected in any horizontal direction. A plurality of trolleys 86 are mounted on the transfer beam 54 for engagement with the pick-up elements 73 to transfer the barrier sections from one side of the lane to the other. Each of the trolleys has four wheels 87 which ride on the top side of the lower flange 62 of the transfer beam. The wheels are rotatably mounted on cheek plates 88 by axle bolts 89, and an arm 91 is suspended from the cheek plates. The arm is affixed to the cheek plates by bolts 92 which extend between the plates, with spacers 93 between the plates and the arm. A foot plate 94 is affixed to the lower end of the arm and is supported in a generally horizontal position by the arm. The foot plate is generally rectangular in plan view, and it has a tapered notch 96 which opens through the outer end thereof for receiving the knobs 76 at the upper ends of the pick-up cables. The inner portion of the notch is slightly wider than the cylindrical body of the knobs but narrower than the enlarged head. The outer end portion of the foot plate slopes in a downward direction to facilitate engagement with the pick-up elements. An upstanding guide flange 97 is provided at the inner end of the foot plate. The trolleys are connected together by a cable or chain (not shown) for movement as a group around the loop formed by the transfer beam. Means is provided for guiding the foot plates of the trolleys into and out of engagement with the pick-up elements of the barrier sections. As illustrated in Figure 9, this means includes a guide channel 98 for the foot plates and an inner guide rail 99 and an outer guide rail 101 for the pick-up cables. Channel 98 is an inverted u-shaped channel in which the guide flanges 97 of the foot plates are received, and it follows the curvature of the transfer beam at the junction between the semicircular end section 57 and the s-shaped section 56. Guide rails 99, 101 are aligned generally with the centerline 103 of the barrier sections on one side of the lane, and they engage opposite sides of the pick-up cables and prevent the cables from deflecting laterally during engagement with and disengagement from the foot plates. In Figure 9, the transfer vehicle is assumed to be travelling in an upward direction, and the guides shown in this Figure are located at the forward end of the vehicle. Similar guides are provided at the other end of the vehicle. As the vehicle travels in the forward direction, the foot plate 94 moves successively through positions 106 to 109 as it moves along the transfer beam, with the inner end of notch 96 being brought into alignment with the centerline 103 of the barrier sections ahead of the vehicle. At the same time, pick-up element 73 successively occupies positions 111 to 114 relative to the vehicle and guide rails. As the foot plate and pick-up element approach positions 108 and 113, they come into engagement, with the knob of the pick-up element being received in the notch of the foot plate. If the vehicle were travelling in the other direction, the foot plate would move successively from position 109 to position 106, and the pick-up element would move from position 114 to position 111, with the foot plate becoming disengaged or separated from the pick-up element. The manner in which the barrier sections are picked up by the trolleys is illustrated in Figures 10 and 11. In these figures, the vehicle is assumed to be travelling from right to left. The beam slopes in an upward direction from the junction 116 between the semicircular end section 57 and the s-shaped diagonally extending section 56 to a point 117 near the start of the diagonal run of the section. In Figure 10, one of the trolleys 86 has engaged the pick-up cable 73 on the trailing end of barrier section 66 and is starting to move up the inclined section of the transfer beam as the vehicle travels toward the left, thereby lifting that end of the barrier section off the ground. The next trolley 86 is moving into engagement with the pick-up cable 73 at the leading end of the next barrier section 65, but has not as yet started up the inclined section of the beam. Consequently, section 65 is still on the ground. In Figure 11, the trolley which has picked up the trailing end of barrier section 66 has reached the level section of the beam, and the trolley which has picked up the leading end of barrier section 65 is approaching the level section. Section 66 is thus fully suspended in a level position and is moving across the lane, and section 65 is being carried up the inclined section of the beam. The manner in which the barrier sections are set back down on the roadway is the reverse of the manner in which they are picked up. The trolleys move from the level portion of the diagonally extending section of the transfer beam down an inclined portion to the level section at the trailing end of the vehicle, thereby setting the barrier sections down on the ground. Since inclined sections are provided at both ends of the vehicle, the vehicle can travel in either direction, with the barrier sections being picked up at the leading end and set down at the trailing end. As illustrated in Figures 12-14, the sections of the barrier are connected together by hinges 119 which permit the sections to be placed at different angles to each other and to be spaced different distances apart. Each of the hinges includes a section 121 at the leading end of one barrier section, a section 122 at the trailing end of the next, and a pin 123 joining the two hinge sections together. Section 121 includes a horizontal plate 126 which projects longitudinally to the front of barrier section 127. Plate 126 is affixed to a base plate 128 which is affixed to reinforcing bars 129 embedded in the concrete body of the barrier section. Hinge section 122 includes a pair of horizontally spaced apart plates 131 which project longitudinally to the rear from barrier section 132 above and below plate 126 of hinge section 121. Plates 131 are affixed to a base plate 133 which is affixed to reinforcing bars 134 embedded in the body of the barrier section. Vertically aligned openings 136 are formed in the hinge plates for receiving the hinge pin 123. These openings are elongated in the longitudinal direction to permit the barrier sections to be set different distances apart. Means is provided for controlling the spacing between the barrier sections as they are set down on the roadway. This means includes two pairs of drive rollers 138, 139 and 141, 142 which are carried by the transfer vehicle for engagement with the sides of the respective barrier sections. The rollers on opposite sides of the barrier sections are driven in opposite directions, and the relative speeds of the two pairs of rollers is adjustable to control the spacing between the barrier sections. In this figure, it is assumed that the transfer vehicle is travelling toward the left and that barrier section 137 has already been set down on the pavement. By increasing the speed of rollers 141, 142 relative to rollers 138, 139, the spacing between the two barrier sections can be reduced, and by decreasing the speed of rollers 141, 142, the spacing can be increased. The side walls or webs of the barrier sections are provided with striations which extend downwardly and forwardly relative to the direction of traffic flow in the lanes adjacent thereto and help to dissipate the energy of a vehicle contacting the barrier as well as helping to prevent the vehicle from climbing over the barrier. The striation can formed an an integral part of the side walls or webs, and they can also be formed separately and affixed to the barrier sections. It is apparent from the foregoing that a new and improved roadway barrier system has been provided. While only certain presently preferred embodiments have been described in detail, as will be apparent to those familiar with the art, certain changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims: A roadway barrier system which provides a safe separation between opposing lanes of vehicular traffic and has a plurality of elongate barrier sections (65 to 70) positioned end-to-end along one side of a lane and a vehicle (51) which travels along the lane and moves the barrier sections across the lane to change the direction of traffic flow in the lane, characterised in that a transfer beam (54) is carried by the vehicle in the form of a closed loop with a portion (56) of the beam extending diagonally across the lane and a return section (59) which crosses over the diagonally extending portion, with a plurality of trolleys (86) mounted on the transfer beam and connected together for movement around the loop and into lifting engagement with successive ones of the barrier sections for carrying the barrier sections via the diagonally extending portion of the beam from one side of the lane to the other as the vehicle travels along the lane. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the closed loop transfer beam (54) is in the form of a figure-8. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that pick-up elements (73) are attached to the barrier sections near the ends thereof, and the trolley have means (91 to 96) for engagement with the pick-up elements. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 3, characterised in that the pick-up elements include flexible cables (74) and coil springs (84) encircling the cables and urging the cables toward upright positions. A barrier system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that hinge means (119) connect successive ones of the barrier sections together. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the hinge means between successive barrier sections includes horizontally extending plates (126, 131) affixed to the respective barrier sections and projecting from the end portions thereof in overlapping relationship, and a pin (123) passing through vertically aligned openings (136) in the overlapping plates. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that the horizontally extending plates (126, 131) on adjacent ends of the barrier sections are spaced apart vertically, and the openings (136) in the plates are larger than the pins to permit the successive barrier sections to be positioned at different angles relative to each other and different distances apart. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the openings (136) in the hinge plates (126, 131) are elongate in the longitudinal direction. A barrier system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a drive wheel (138 to 142) is carried by the vehicle engageable with the barrier sections as they exit from the diagonally extending portion of the transfer beam for adjusting the longitudinal spacing between the sections. A barrier system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the barrier sections have side walls facing the traffic lanes with striations in said walls extending downwardly and forwardly relative to the direction of traffic flow in the lanes adjacent thereto. A roadway barrier system which provides a safe separation betweeen opposing lanes of vehicular traffic and has a plurality of elongated barrier sections (65 to 70) positioned end-to-end along one side of a lane, hinge means (119) connecting successive ones of the barrier sections together, and a vehicle (51) which travels along the lane and moves the barrier sections across the lane to change the direction of traffic flow in the lane, characterised in that a transfer beam (54) is provided in the form of a figure-8 with a portion of the beam (56) extending diagonally across the lane and having a return section (59) which crosses over the diagonally extending portion, a pair of upstanding pick-up cables (73) being affixed to each of the barrier sections, and a plurality of trolleys (86) being mounted on the transfer beam and connected together for movement around the loop and into engagement with the pick-up cables on successive ones of the barrier sections for carrying the barrier sections across the diagonally extending portion of the beam from one side of the lane to the other as the vehicle travels along the lane. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that the hinge means includes horizontally extending plates (126, 131) affixed to the successive barrier sections and projecting from the end portions thereof in overlapping relationship, and a pin (123) passing through vertically alinged openings (136) in the overlapping plates. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that the hinge plates (126, 131) on adjacent ends of the barrier sections are spaced apart vertically, and the openings (136) in the plates are larger than the pins to permit the successive barrier sections to be positioned at different angles relative to each other and different distances apart. A barrier system as claimed in Claim 12 or Claim 13, characterised in that the openings (136) in the hinge plates are elongate in the longitudinal direction. A barrier system as claimed in any of Claims 11 to 14, characterised in that a drive wheel (138 to 142) is carried by the vehicle and is engageable with the barrier sections as they exit from the diagonally extending portion of the transfer beam for adjusting the longitudinal spacing between the sections. A barrier system as claimed in any of Claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the barrier sections have side walls facing the traffic lanes with striations in said walls extending downwardly and forwardly relative to the direction of traffic flow in the lanes adjacent thereto.

Inventors: MCKAY ALAN R, MCKAY, ALAN R.
Applicants: MCKAY ALAN R, MCKAY, ALAN R.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: E01F15
IPC codes: E01F1, E01F15