Vehicle engine mounting system

Abstract: A sweeper or other utility vehicle having an engine/motor mounting arrangement whereby the engine/motor and accessories may be rotated about a vertical axis out of the vehicle into a more accessible position for maintenance and the like. Apparatus (114,116), is provided for clamping the engine/motor (25,29) in its normal operating position and a safety interlock mechanism (104) ensures that the ignition and/or starter circuits are disconnected when the engine/motor is rotated to its more accessible position.

Description: The present invention relates to powered vehicles and particularly to an internal combustion engine powered industrial vehicle having a unique layout and engine mounting arrangement which facilitates access to the engine and its accessories. As is well recognised, industrial-type vehicles, or vehicles used in an industrial environment, are subject to very hard continuous and often abusive use and are consequently more in need to maintenance than many other types of equipment. It is therefore a primary object of this invention to provide a vehicle layout and engine mounting arrangement which permits the engine and most of its accessories to be readily pivoted in a powered manner out of the engine compartment to a position in which there is ready access to virtually all parts of the engine and its accessories, thereby facilitating inspection, cleaning, maintenance, replacement and the like of the engine and/or accessories. This is believed to be particularly advantageous with respect to internal combustion engines (gasoline, gas or diesel), but is also of significant benefit to vehicles having relatively complex hydraulic systems regardless of whether powered by an internal combustion engine or only an electric motor. GB-A-2 189 754 discloses a vehicle in accordance with the pre-characterising portion of claim 1. As compared therewith, the present invention, as defined in claim 1, not only provides motor means for facilitating the movement of the whole powering means of engine and accessories but also provides sensing means for sensing the realigning of the engine for movement from its operating or drawing position and inhibiting operation of the engine whenever it is removed from its operating position inboard of the vehicle. As shown in a later described and illustrated preferred embodiment a vehicle is provided which is easy to operate to accomplish the desired access, which has durable and accurate means for mechanically locking the engine in place for normal operation, which has provision for easy adjustment of engine position and which provides all the necessary safety lockouts to prevent the engine from being actuated to its full-access position while being operated or operable. In the preferred embodiment later described in detail the vehicle is a sweeper comprising two front driven wheels and a transverse rotating broom. The sweeper has a layout in plan comprising four roughly equal sized quadrants, the front two quadrants comprising a hopper and a hopper lifting and dumping linkage system, the right rear quadrant comprising an operator's compartment and including necessary vehicle and hopper controls, and the left rear quadrant comprising an engine compartment having a pivotal top hood, a pivotal side door and motor engine support means, said support means being pivotal about a vertical axis to swing said engine between a first normal engine-operating position and a second position in which said engine projects from said vehicle in an exposed condition facilitating access thereto. A single steerable rear wheel can then be disposed conveniently generally between the two rear quadrants. These and other objects and advantages will become more apparent when viewed in light of the accompanying drawings and following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the left side of a sweeper vehicle embodying the present invention; Figure 2 is a top plan view of the vehicle of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a rear elevational view of the vehicle of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1, but with parts broken away to shown the engine and how it is mounted; Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing the engine swung out to its fully accessible position; Figure 6 is a fragmentary top plan view of the engine supporting apparatus of the present invention with parts broken away and the engine and accessories removed; Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 7-7 in Figure 6; Figure 8 is a partial side elevational view looking in the direction of arrow 8 in Figure 6; Figure 9 is a partial side elevational view looking in the direction of arrow 9 in Figure 6; Figure 10 is a diagrammatic partial perspective view of the interlock device of the present invention; and Figure 11 is a simplified schematic wiring diagram of an exemplary interlock circuit which can be used with the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention is applicable to numerous types of vehicles, but is particularly useful in connection with vehicles subject to heavy (higher maintenance) industrial usage, such as sweeper vehicles, fork lift trucks, etc. The preferred embodiment of the invention is therefore disclosed for exemplary purposes incorporated in s sweeper vehicle. Referring first to Figures 1-5, the overall sweeper vehicle comprises a body 10 supported on a conventional frame (not shown in these figures) and defining: an open operator's compartment 12 having the usual steering wheel 14, a seat 15, foot pedals 16, instruments 18 and hydraulic controls 20; a rear engine compartment 22 having a side door 23, a hinged hood 24, and having disposed therein a conventional engine 25 (Figures 2, 4 and 5) arranged in a fore-aft orientation and cooled by a rearward facing fan and radiator 27, and a conventional variable capacity hydraulic pump 29 and hydrostatic transmission powered by engine 25; a forward hopper receiving cavity 26 in which a hopper 28 is mounted for loading, lifting and dumping; a conventional sweeper assembly 30 including a rotary broom 32 for sweeping refuse into hopper 28; and an optional rotary side brush 34. The vehicle also includes a pair of conventional front driven wheels 36 and a single steerable rear wheel 38 of the usual type. Except for the novel features hereinafter described, the vehicle is constructed and functions in a conventional manner. Power is applied to wheels 36 by hydraulic motors (not shown) powered by pump 29. The present invention resides in a unique engine (or motor) mounting concept whereby the engine may be very easily rotated about a vertical axis with respect to the vehicle to a position projecting therefrom in which it is almost fully accessible for inspection, cleaning, maintenance, replacement or the like. As best seen in Figure 4, the sweeper vehicle has the usual frame, a portion of a longitudinally extending frame member of which is shown at 40, on which is pivotally mounted an engine support pan 42 to which engine 25 is mounted using a plurality of right-angle mounting brackets 44 bolted to engine 25 and to pan 42, with an elastomeric isolating pad 46 disposed between each bracket and the pan. Radiator 27 is similarly mounted to pan 42. With reference to Figures 6 and 7, the vehicle frame also includes transverse frame members 48 and 50 affixed at one end to frame member 40. A further longitudinal frame member 52 extends between and is affixed to members 48 and 50, and a further transverse frame member 54 extends between members 40 and 52. A bearing support plate 56 having a bearing housing 58 bolted to the top thereof is affixed to member 48 and to the tops of members 52 and 54. A vertical shaft 60 is journalled in housing 58 by a pair of tapered roller bearings 62, the assembly being held together by shoulder 61 and threaded collar 63. A crank arm 64 is non-rotatably affixed to the bottom of shaft 60 by a nut 66, whereby rotation of crank 64 will cause pan 42 to rotate about a vertical axis. Permanently affixed to the top of shaft 60, as by welds 68, is an engine support plate 70. Pan 42 is of a generally inverted hat-shape in cross-sectional configuration, including a flat bottom wall 72, a pair of longitudinally extending side walls 74 each having a longitudinally extending mounting flange 76 to which engine mounting brackets 44 are bolted (the engine and its mounts are not shown in Figures 6 and 7). Engine support plate 70 is bolted to bottom wall 72 of pan 42 by means of a plurality of bolts 78 which extend through pan 42 and threadably engage plate 70. Adjustment of the exact relationship between pan 42 (and hence engine 25) and the remainder of the vehicle is accomplished by a plurality of bolts 80 extending downwardly through and threadably engaging bottom wall 72 and engaging the top surface of plate 70. Pan 42 is stiffened in the vicinity of the bearing by means of a pair of partitions 82 rigidly affixed to the upper surface thereof. Actuation of crank 64 to cause the engine and its accessories to rotate from its normal position shown in Figures 2 and 4 to its position shown in Figure 5, is accomplished using a conventional electrically powered ball-screw linear actuator 84 pivotally affixed to frame member 50 at 86 in any suitable manner. As best seen in Figure 6, electrical actuation of actuator 84 from its retracted position shown will cause crank 64 to rotate in a counter clockwise direction to rotate the engine and its accessories to the position of maximum accessibility shorn in Figure 5. The pivotal axis of shaft 60 is positioned so that the swinging parts clear all of the fixed structure (e.g., the rear wheel pivot 88) and so that the end of the engine having the most accessories requiring service, i.e., the forward end having the hydraulic pump, transmission, etc., is made the most accessible. For clarity all of the flexible hoses connected to the hydraulic devices are not shown, nor is the flexible fuel line, but because of their flexibility the rotational displacement illustrated is easily accomplished without disconnecting any fluid lines. Similarly, most of the standard flexible cables used for engine and pump control are not shown, but as can be visualized they can easily accommodate rotation of the engine and pump. The only element which must be disconnected is the transmission shift selector cable, and this fact provides a unique way to provide a safety interlock to prevent rotating the engine out of the engine compartment when it is running or runable. Referring to Figure 10, shaft 90 represents the transmission shift selector shaft which has at its free end a crank 92 having an actuating ball 94 projecting laterally therefrom. During normal operation, as can be visualized, ball 94 is operatively engaged by a quick-release ball connector 96 affixed to the end of a conventional control cable 98, the opposite end of which is connected to the proper control 20. However, when it is desired to rotate the engine outwardly for access, hood 24 and door 23 are opened and connector 96 is manually disconnected from ball 94 and merely dropped into a holder 100 having a connector retaining channel 102 and a microswitch 104 having an actuator 106 which actuates switch 104 whenever the connector is put in the channel or removed therefrom. As can be seen from Figure 11, switch 104 now places a suitably located reversible actuating switch 108 in connection with the vehicle battery 110 and a motor 112 forming part of linear actuator 84. At the same time the normal vehicle engine ignition and starting circuits are disconnected from vehicle power, thus providing a safety lock-out. Switch 108 can then be manually actuated in the proper directions to actuate motor 112 to swing engine 25 to the desired position. The limits of travel of the engine may be restricted in any suitable manner, such as by the use of conventional limit switches in the circuit, physical stops and clutching the output of motor 12, and/or the like. The engine is rotated back to its normal position by merely actuating switch 108 in the opposite direction. Referring to Figures 6, 8 and 9, pan 42 (and hence engine 25) is accurately locked in position by means of a locating assembly 114 and a manually actuatable clamp 116. As best shown in Figures 5, 6 and 8, assembly 114 comprises a body 118 adjustably but rigidly affixed to frame member 48 by means of a pair of bolts 120 passing through appropriate adjusting slots in body 118, a pair of fixed jaws 122 at one end of body 118 defining a V-shaped slot and at the opposite end a threaded adjusting screw 124 passing through a threaded abutment 126 fixed to frame member 48, and a locking nut 128 threadably engaging screw 124 and abutting the end of body 118. The V-shaped slot defined by jaws 122 is adapted to normally freely engage and therefore accurately locate a catch 130 having a complimentary V-shaped configuration at one end and being rigidly affixed at its opposite end to pan 42 by means of a support 131. Clamp 116, best seen in Figures 6 and 9, comprises a support 132 rigidly affixed to the vehicle frame, a portion of which is indicated at 134, a pair of jaws 136 defining a V-shaped slot, and a conventional toggle clamp comprising a threaded arm 138 pivotally connected at one end (when engaged) to support 132 by a threaded cross-piece 139 engaging a strap 140 and at the other end to a manually actuatable handle 142 which is pivotally mounted at 144 to pan 42. Also rigidly affixed to pan 42, by means of a support 146 and a reinforcing plate 147, is a catch 148 having a V-shaped nose complimentary in shape to and normally tightly engaging the slot defined by jaws 136. The clamp is opened by raising handle 142 which causes arm 138 to move over center and then to the left as shown in Figure 9 to a point where cross-piece 139 can be manually lifted out of strap 139 in the usual manner. Once hood 24 and door 23 are opened, clamp 116 is opened, and connector 96 is placed in holder 100, switch 108 can be actuated to cause actuator 84 to rotate the engine outwardly to the desired accessible position. To move the engine back to its normal operating position, the procedure is simply reversed. Clamp 116 is closed by placing cross-piece 139 in strap 140 and then moving the handle to the over-center position shown in Figure 9. Such movement causes pan 42 and hence catches 130 and 148 to be drawn tightly into the positions detrmined by jaws 122 and 136 to accurately position engine 25. This final position is determined at the time of vehicle assembly by the location of the pivotal axis of shaft 60, the adjusted position of adjustment screws 80, the adjusted position of body 118 on frame member 48 (maintained by lock nut 128) and the adjusted position of cross-piece 139 on threaded arm 138. Although the invention has been described in connection with an engine located in the left rear quadrant of the vehicle, it will be appreciated that it is also applicable to vehicles having the engine in other locations.

Claims: A vehicle comprising a frame (40, 48, 50, 52, 54), vehicle powering means including an engine (25) powering said vehicle, and support means (42) supporting said engine (25), said support means (42) being pivotally mounted to said frame (40, 48, 50, 52, 54) for movement between a first normal engine-operating position and a second position in which said engine projects from said vehicle in an exposed condition facilitating access thereto, characterised in that motor means (84) are provided to move said engine (25) between said first and second positions and in that sensing means (104,106) are provided to sense when said engine (25) is ready to be moved to said second position and, in response to such sensing, to render said engine (25) inoperative. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing means (104,106) renders said engine inoperative by disconnecting power from the ignition and/or starting means for said engine. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said sensing means (104,106) is adapted to render the motor means (84,112) operative. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, which includes control means (98) for transmitting control information to said powering means and manually disconnectable connecting means (94,96) for connecting said control means (98) to said powering means, said sensing means (104,106) sensing when said control means (98) has been disconnected from said powering means. A vehicle as claimed in claim 4, which includes a holder (106) for holding said connecting means (96) when disconnected from said powering means. A vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein said sensing means (104) senses when said connecting means (96) is disposed in said holder (106). A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said engine (25) is rotatable about a vertical axis (60) to pivot between said first and second positions. A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising at least one catch (122,130) operative between said support means (42) and said frame accurately to position said engine (25) in its normal operative position. A vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein said catch (130) includes a V-shaped slot (122) in one of said support means or frame and a complimentary V-shaped projection (130) on the other of said support means or frame. A vehicle as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein two of said catches (122,130) are provided. A vehicle as claimed in claim 8, 9 or 10, wherein the catch or one of said catches includes a manually actuatable toggle clamp (116) for engaging said catch and connecting said support means (42) to said frame. A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said powering means includes a hydraulic pump (29) disposed at one end of and driven by said engine (25) to actuate hydraulic motors for powering said vehicle. A vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein said pump (29) is connected to said hydraulic motors by flexible hoses which extend near the pivotal mounting whereby the hoses can remain connected during pivotal movement of the engine and support means therefor. A vehicle as claimed in claim 12 or 13, wherein said one end of said engine (25) projects from said vehicle in said second position. A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising means (70,80) for adjusting the position of said engine (25) with respect to that of said support means (42) and means (80) for locking the resultant adjusted portion of said engine (25) with respect to said support means (42). A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said support means comprises a longitudinally extending pan (42) including a relatively flat bottom wall (72), longitudinally extending side walls (74), and a generally coplanar longitudinally extending flange (76) projecting outwardly from each of said side walls, said engine (25) being fixed to said flanges. A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said engine (25) is mounted in a fore-aft position and said powering means includes a radiator (27) disposed on said support means rearwardly of said engine and a fan for blowing cooling air rearwardly through said radiator (27) for cooling said engine (25), and further comprising vent means for directing said cooling air rearwardly outside said vehicle. A vehicle as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said vehicle is a sweeper vehicle comprising two front driven wheels (36) and a transverse rotating broom (34). A vehicle as claimed in claim 18, having a layout in plan comprising four roughly equal sized quadrants, the front two quadrants comprising a hopper (28) and a hopper lifting and dumping linkage system, the right rear quadrant comprising an operator's compartment (15) and including necessary vehicle and hopper controls (14,20), and the left rear quadrant comprising an engine compartment (22) having a pivotal top hood (24), a pivotal side door (23) and the motor engine support means (42). A vehicle as claimed in claim 19, further comprising a steerable rear wheel (38) disposed generally between said two rear quadrants.

Inventors: KNOWLTON CHRISTOPHER MARK, O'HARA ROBERT JAMES, KNOWLTON, CHRISTOPHER MARK, O'HARA, ROBERT JAMES
Applicants: AAR CORP, AAR CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: B60K5
IPC codes: F16M7, A47L11, F02B77, B60K17, B60K5, E01H1