Sliding door closer

Abstract: An automatic door or window closing device which includes a tube (10) attached to the edge of a movable door or window. The tube (10) has a weight (20) displaced therein with a cable (12) attached at the top which passes out of the top of the tube (10) across a pulley (13) and is connected to the door or window jamb. A pneumatic seal (29) is provided between the weight (20) and the inside wall of the tube (10) and works in conjunction with a port and valve (30, 38) at the bottom of the tube (10) for controlling the flow of air passing therethrough. When the door or window is opened, the weight (20) rises in the tube (10). When the door or window is released, the weight drops in the tube according to the adjustment of the port (30) and valve (38) at the bottom of the tube, until the door or window is completely closed.

Description: The present invention relates to sliding door and window closing mechanisms. In recent years, sliding doors and windows have come into great usage in hotels, homes and office buildings. At the same time, the cost of the energy needed to heat and/or cool such buildings has increased dramatically. Because large amounts of heated or cooled air may escape from a sliding door or window which has been left open, there is a great need for a simple automatic door and window closing mechanism. Various door closing mechanisms are known in the prior art including U.S. Patent Nos. 4,649,598, No. 4,003,102, No. 3,334,444, No. 4,126,912, No. 4,004,372, No. 4,301,623, and No. 3,978,617. Of these, No. 4,649,598 (Kinsey) and No. 3,334,444 (Hargrove) appear most pertinent. Both Kinsey and Hargrove disclose door closing mechanisms utilizing a cylindrical tube having a weight disposed therein which is connected to a cable which passes across a pulley which is attached to an anchor in the door jamb. Each of these door closing mechanisms utilizes a port or valve means at the bottom of the cylindrical tube to control the flow of air passing therethrough. In addition, the Kinsey door closer includes a valve means built into the top part of the weight so as to control the flow of air at the top of the weight, as well as the bottom of the tube. The specific function of the Kinsey valve is to allow air to escape when the door is closed quickly. Hargrove discloses an air regulation valve at the bottom of the cylinder in which the weight is disposed. The weight itself is very close to the same diameter as the tube. By adjusting the valve at the bottom of the tube, the speed at which the weight drops within the cylinder may be controlled. Both Kinsey and Hargrove suffer from numerous drawbacks. Most notably, neither provide for an efficient control of the column of air disposed within the tube below the weight and above the port means. Although Kinsey describes the pneumatic seal, a feature notably absent from Hargrove, this seal is part of the valve means at the top (not bottom) of the weight. This particular valve is virtually unnecessary and has been eliminated from the present invention. Moreover in a preferred embodiment of this invention, a pneumatic seal is provided in the present invention as a modified O-ring around the weight intermediate its ends, at a location near the bottom of the weight itself. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a door or window closing mechanism according to US-A-4.649 598 comprising a hollow cylindrical tube, a weight disposed within the tube for upward and downward movement therein, a valve controlled port at the bottom of the tube, whereby air is able to flow freely through the port during upward movement of the weight while air flow through the valve controlled port is restricted through downward movement of the weight, the valve controlled port being adjustable to selectively control the flow of air through the port when the weight is moving downward, a pulley attached to the top of the tube, a cable stretched across the pulley, one end of the cable being attached to the weight and the other end of the cable being attachable to a frame containing the door or window; characterized in that the port includes a variable restrictive valve to control the flow of air passing from the interior of the cylindrical tube to the outside atmosphere, the variable restrictive valve comprising a plug at the bottom of the tube, a wide axial bore in the plug, a narrow axial bore below the wide axial bore and in communication therewith, a check valve ball to control the flow of air between the wide axial bore and the narrow axial bore, a transverse bore bisecting the wide axial bore, and control means associated with the transverse bore for selectively adjusting flow of air from the tube to the outside atmosphere via the transverse bore, and a spring loaded stopping means are provided having a rubber-ended foot in the plug located at the bottom of the tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective environmental view of the invention in place on a sliding glass door. FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of the upper portion of the invention along lines 2--2. FIG. 3 is a cutaway view of the invention along line 3--3. FIG. 4 is a cutaway view of the invention along line 4--4. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cutaway view of the invention along line 5--5. FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of the bottom portion of the invention along line 6--6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Like reference characters throughout the several views of the invention refer to the same features. With reference to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the present invention is comprised of a hollow cylindrical tube 10 which may be attached by use of clamp means 11 to the side of a movable door or window. Detail of the clamp means is shown in FIG. 3. A pulley means 13 is mounted in the top of tube 10 by way of a special guide and plug adapter 14. This adapter provides a central bore 15 extending into the hollow tube 10 through which cable means 12 may pass into the adapter. The cable means stretches across pulley 13 and exits through gap 16 out of the top of the adapter. The cable may then be attached to the door header by attachment means 17. Disposed within the tube is a weight 20 enclosed in a casing 21. Additional weighted material may be added in void region 24 to increase the amount of weight. Separately molded mounting pieces 22 and 23 are located, respectively, at the top and bottom of weight 20. The upper mounting piece 22 has disposed therein a hook means 25 to which cable means 12 may be attached. A circumferential notch 27 is provided in upper mounting piece 22, and a flexible O-ring 26 is placed in the notch to hold the weight means away from the interior wall of the tube 10. An air escape valve 30 is provided in the lower portion of tube 10. The bottom mounting piece 23 has a similar circumferential notch 28 within which a pneumatic seal 29 is disposed. The seal comes in direct contact with the interior wall of tube 10 and blocks air from traveling from below the pneumatic seal as the weight descends within the tube. However, because of the deflection design of pneumatic seal 29, when the weight rises in the tube, air may pass from above the weight to below it across the pneumatic seal. A plug means 35 is provided at the bottom of tube 10. The plug means has a wide axial bore 36 cut therein in its upper portion, and a more narrow axial bore 37 at the bottom. The valve means 38 (in this case a ball) is disposed within axial bore 36. The valve prevents air from flowing out through bore 37 while the weight is descending; however, it allows air to enter through bore 37 when the weight is ascending. Bisecting axial bore 36 is a transverse bore 40 having a screw means 41 dispose therein. By adjusting the screw, the rate of the flow of air through bore 36 and out through bore 40 may be controlled. The screw means 41 also keeps valve means 38 from exiting the axial bore 36. Also disposed within plug means 35 is a stopping means 42 having a rubber foot 43 attached thereto. Spring means 44 holds foot means 42 against the ground in the unlocked position. Handle means 39 allows the user to pull foot means 42 away from the ground and lock it into gap 46 so as to hold rubber foot 43 away from the ground as shown in FIG. 6. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In operation, the automatic door or window closing mechanism of the present invention is attached to the outer edge of the sliding door or window. The invention consists of a cylindrical tube 10 having a weight 20 disposed therein, the top of which is attached to a cable 12 which passes across a pulley 13 at the top of the tube, and is fastened to the door header. The pneumatic seal 29 provided near the bottom of the weight works in conjunction with the port means 41 at the bottom of the tube. When the door is open, the weight is pulled upward in the tube. As it does so, the tapered pneumatic seal 29 allows air to pass along the sides of the weight into the portion of the tube below the weight. When the door is released, the weight drops causing the pneumatic seal to be formed. At this point, the only means for air to escape is through the air escape valve 30, and the variable restrictive valve 41 portion of the port at the bottom of the tube. The weight falls at a constant rate until the pneumatic seal 29 falls below air escape valve 30. Thereafter, the only way air may escape from below the weight is through valve means 41. By adjusting the restriction of this valve, the speed at which the weight drops may be controlled. This will be the speed at which the door is closed. No oil or graphite or other material is required to be disposed within the tube. By providing a weight of sufficient mass, any door or window may be closed. A hollow interior portion of the weight 24 may be filled with material so as to allow the mass of the weight to be increased as necessary. Furthermore, if the user causes the door or window closing process to be stopped before full closure is achieved, and then allows closure to continue, the mechanism provided by the present invention will close the door regardless of the point at which the stop occurred. The same is true if the user causes the door to be closed faster than the port means will allow the weight to fall within the tube, because of air escape valve 30. As soon as the weight catches up to the position of the door, it will commence and/or complete closure. The advantage of the present invention is in its simplicity. By controlling the column of air below the weight by use of the escape valve and port means, the rate at which the door closure is achieved may be easily controlled. By providing a weight of sufficient mass, any door may be fully closed regardless of how much or how little it is opened. No oil, graphite, or other material is required to be disposed within the interior of the tube. While this invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is manifest that many changes may be made in the details of construction in the arrangement of components without departing from the scope of the disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiment set forth herein for purpose of exemplification, but is limited only by the scope of the attached claim or claims, including the full range of equivalency to which each element thereof is entitled.

Claims: A door or window closing mechanism comprising: a hollow cylindrical tube (10); a weight (20) disposed within the tube for upward and downward movement therein; a valve controlled port (36, 37) at the bottom of the tube, whereby air is able to flow freely through the port during upward movement of the weight while air flow through the valve controlled port is restricted through downward movement of the weight, the valve controlled port being adjustable to selectively control the flow of air through the port when the weight is moving downward; a pulley (13) attached to the top or the tube, a cable (12) stretched across the pulley, one end of the cable being attached to the weight and the other end of the cable being attachable to a frame containing the door or window; characterized in that the port includes a variable restrictive valve to control the flow of air passing from the interior of the cylindrical tube to the outside atmosphere, the variable restrictive valve comprising a plug (35) at the bottom of the tube, a wide axial bore (36) in the plug, a narrow axial bore (37) below the wide axial bore and in communication therewith, a check valve ball (38) to control the flow of air between the wide axial bore and the narrow axial bore, a transverse bore (40) bisecting the wide axial bore (36), and control means (41) associated with the transverse bore (40) for selectively adjusting flow of air from the tube to the outside atmosphere via the transverse bore; and spring loaded stopping means (42) are provided having a rubber-ended foot (43) in the plug (35) located at the bottom of the tube. The mechanism as claimed in Claim 1 characterized by a pneumatic seal (29) on a lower portion of the weight intermediate its ends and between an outer circumferential surface of the weight and an internal circumferential area of the tube, the seal permitting substantially free passage of air as the weight moves upward in the tube but preventing free passage of air as the weight moves downward in the tube. A mechanism as claimed in Claim 2 characterized in that the seal has a deformable tapered edge to permit free passage of air as the weight moves upward in the tube, but prevents passage of air as the weight moves downward in the tube. The mechanism as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterized by an air escape valve (30) in the wall of the tube near the bottom thereof. The mechanism as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterized by an O-ring (26) provided near the top of the weight to restrict lateral movement of the weight within the tube. The mechanism as claimed in any one of the proceeding claims characterized by a spring loaded locking means (42) disposed within the plug located at the bottom of the tube.

Inventors: TATHAM GERALD F, TATHAM, GERALD F.
Applicants: TATHAM GERALD F, TATHAM, GERALD F.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: E05F3
IPC codes: E05F1, E05F3