Television signal processing apparatus

Abstract: A subsample signal processing apparatus includes a wide-band D/A converter receiving a digital television signal which is compressed in band by subsampling. A signal processor (500) subjects a video signal portion of an output signal from the D/A converter to wide-band processing. The signal processor subjects a sync signal portion of the output signal from the D/A converter to narrow-band processing. An output terminal of the signal processor and an input terminal of a subsequent A/D converter (206) are coupled with wide-band coupling characteristics.

Description: This invention generally relates to a television signal processing apparatus and particularly relates to an apparatus for processing a television signal via which sample values of a video signal are transmitted as an analog signal. Processing of video signals is well-known in the art. DE-A-36 29 536 discloses a circuit for noise reduction of a video signal in response to the level, in which high frequency components of the video signal are significantly attenuated at low signal levels and are not attenuated at high signal levels. According to this document the video signal path includes a low pass filter which can be switched on at low signal levels. However, this document refers only to analog processing of video signals. From EP-A-0 123 244, an apparatus for scrambling and unscrambling signals is known. According to this document, an apparatus for scrambling raster scan lines of a multiplex analogue component television signal having luminance and chrominance sections in analogue form comprises a writing means, a luminance store and a chrominance store and a reading means. A controlling means controls the writing means so that the luminance section of the signal is written into the luminance store and the chrominance section is written into the chrominance store. The controlling means then controls the reading means to produce a scrambled signal in which one of the analogue sections is divided into a plurality of information blocks which are separated by at least a part of the other analogue section. An unscrambling apparatus for unscrambling the signal scrambled by the apparatus disclosed in EP-A-0 123 422 comprises a writing means which is controlled by a controlling means to write the luminance information blocks into a luminance store and the chrominance information into a chrominance store. A reading means is controlled by the controlling means to read out the stores to provide undivided sections of analogue chrominance and luminance information. In this way, the apparatus of the EP-A-0 123 422 seeks to prevent the television signals from being received and reproduced by unauthorized persons. From EP-A-0 149 214 an adaptive comb filter is known for processing digitized color television signals. Particularly, this document discloses several luminance / chrominance signal separating filters with which separated, digitized luminance and chrominance signals are derived with a minimum amount of interference therebetween by determining the direction from a given point in which there is a minimum amount of change in the digitized image signal. The document also discloses a subnyquist sampling filter which operates upon this same principle. The document "An HDTV Broadcasting System Utilizing a Bandwidth Compression Technique - MUSE" by Y. Ninomiya et al, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, Vol. BC-33, No. 4, December 1987 discloses an apparatus according to the preambles of claims 1 and 8 respectively. In this document, a MUSE-subnyquist sampling transmission system is described. The received sampled signal is spatially and temporally interpolated pixelwise according to the motion of the picture, in a decoder. This document also describes the development of peripheral equipment, for example a video tape recorder. However, as will be explained later, prior art subsample television signal processing apparatus have some disadvantages. Summary of the invention It is an object of this invention to provide an improved television signal processing apparatus. This object is achieved by the apparatus according to the independent claims 1 and 8. Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims. Brief Description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first prior art subsample television signal processing apparatus. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second prior art subsample television signal processing apparatus. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third prior art subsample television signal processing apparatus. Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a subsample television signal processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of this invention. Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a portion of a subsample television signal processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of this invention. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the format of transmission of a MUSE signal. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Fig. 1 shows a prior art subsample television signal processing apparatus. In the prior art apparatus of Fig. 1, a transmitter includes a MUSE (Multiple Sub-Nyquist Sampling Encoding) encoder 1 fed via a signal input terminal 10 with three primary color (G, B, and R) HDTV (Hi-Vision) signals. The MUSE encoder 1 has an A/D (analog-to-digital) converter, a subsample processing circuit 30, a D/A (digital-to-analog) converter 40, and an LPF (low pass filter) 50. The input color HDTV (Hi-Vision) signals are digitized by the A/D converter 20. The output digital signals from the A/D converter 20 are subjected to multiple subsampling by the subsample processing circuit 30, so that they are compressed in band and are converted into a digital MUSE signal having a baseband signal bandwidth of about 8 MHz. The digital MUSE signal is converted into a corresponding analog MUSE signal via the D/A converter 40 and the LPF 50. The analog MUSE signal is outputted to a transmission line 11 including leading wires. In the case where the analog MUSE signal is used for satellite broadcast, some devices such as a preemphasis circuit and a frequency modulator are added for deriving frequency-modulated waves from the analog MUSE signal. In the prior art apparatus of Fig. 1, a receiver includes a MUSE decoder 2 receiving the analog MUSE signal transmitted via the transmission line 11. The MUSE decoder 2 has an LPF 21, an A/D converter 22, a subsample interpolation circuit 23, a D/A converter 24, and an LPF 25. The received analog MUSE signal is passed through the LPF 21 to the A/D converter 22. The analog MUSE signal is re-sampled and is converted into a corresponding digital MUSE signal by the A/D converter 22. The subsample interpolation circuit 23 subjects the digital MUSE signal to given signal processing for bandwidth expansion. The subsample interpolation circuit 23 outputs three digital signals which correspond to three colors respectively. The D/A converter 24 converts the digital output signals from the subsample interpolation circuit 23 into three original primary color hi-vision signals. In this way, original color hi-vision signals are recovered from the digital MUSE signal. The recovered color hi-vision signals are fed to an output terminal 30 via the LPF 25. In the prior art apparatus of Fig. 1, the signal transmission part from the D/A converter 40 to the A/D converter 22 is required to well satisfy prescribed -6-dB 10% cosine roll-off characteristics at 8.1 MHz. When this requirement is met, the output signal from the A/D converter 22 is essentially equal to the input signal to the D/A converter 40 so that any distortion is substantially absent during the signal transmission. As will be explained later, in some cases, a signal processing circuit including A/D and D/A converters is newly added in the transmission line 11. In the case where the transmission line 11 is a satellite broadcast system, it is necessary that the MUSE signal is made into a form which suits to frequency modulation. Therefore, preemphasis processing and deemphasis processing are necessary in the encoder 1 and the decoder 2 respectively. The preemphasis processing and the deemphasis processing are generally executed by a digital signal processing technique since analog signal processing tends to be inadequate for a high accuracy. Fig. 2 shows a prior art apparatus in which a satellite broadcast signal is received via an FM (frequency modulation) demodulator 4 and the received signal is recorded and reproduced in a MUSE signal form by a recording and reproducing device 5, and the reproduced signal is subjected to bandwidth expansion by a MUSE decoder 2. In the prior art apparatus of Fig. 2, after the received MUSE signal is converted by an A/D converter into a corresponding digital MUSE signal and then the digital MUSE signal is further converted through deemphasis processing into a desired form, the desired-form signal is recorded and reproduced by the recording and reproducing device 5. In the case where the recording and reproducing device 5 is of the analog recording type, a D/A converter is generally added to the part following the stage executing the deemphasis processing, and the digital MUSE signal is converted by the D/A converter back into an analog MUSE signal which is recorded and reproduced by the recording and reproducing device 5. In this case, the MUSE decoder 2 is fed with the reproduced analog signal from the recording and reproducing device 5. In the case where the recording and reproducing device 5 is of the digital recording type, the digital MUSE signal is subjected to deemphasis processing before being recorded and reproduced by the recording and reproducing device 5. It is generally desired that the reproduced digital signal can be fed from the recording and reproducing device 5 to the MUSE decoder 2 via only a single connecting line. Fig. 3 shows a prior art apparatus which can be applied to subscription satellite broadcast. In the prior art apparatus of Fig. 3, a transmitter side includes a scrambler 6 subjecting a video signal to a scrambling process while a receiver side includes a descrambler 7 which decodes the scrambled signal into a MUSE signal fed to a MUSE decoder 2. The scrambling process and the descrambling process are generally executed by digital signal processing techniques. In addition, it is generally desired that the MUSE signal can be fed from the descrambler 7 to the MUSE decoder 2 via only a single connecting line. In the prior art apparatuses of Figs. 2 and 3, A/D conversion and D/A conversion are performed at a plurality of stages. As described previously, it is necessary for each of the related A/D and D/A converters to satisfy the prescribed cosine roll-off characteristics to prevent a deterioration of the signal quality. Especially, in the case where analog LPFs are additionally provided at a plurality of stages, the characteristics of each of the LPFs are required to be maintained precisely so that a problem tends to occur in cost. When the maintenance of the characteristics of each of the LPFs is inadequate, the sample value signal tends to be contaminated by distortion during the analog transmission. In this case, ringing tends to occur at outline parts in a reproduced image due to interference between the sample values. In addition, coupling the band expansion decoder to the recording and reproducing device or the descrambler via the single digital-signal line requires PCM encoder and decoder, and there occurs a problem in cost. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST PREFERRED EMBODIMENT With reference to Fig. 4, a MUSE encoder 1 outputs an analog MUSE signal to an input terminal 501 of a first MUSE signal processing device 500 via a transmission line 11. The first MUSE signal processing device 500 includes an analog LPF 502, an A/D converter 503, a first signal processing circuit 504, a D/A converter 505, and a second signal processing circuit 506. The input analog MUSE signal is fed to the A/D converter 503 via the analog LPF 502. The analog MUSE signal is converted by the A/D converter 303 into a corresponding digital MUSE signal. The analog LPF 502 and the A/D converter 503 have frequency characteristics necessary to meet prescribed 10% cosine roll-off characteristics in conjunction with the D/A converter 505 and an analog LPF which will be explained later. The prescribed cosine roll-off characteristics agree with conditions for essentially distortion-free processing of a MUSE video signal. Therefore, the digital MUSE signal outputted from the A/D converter 503 is essentially free from any distortion. The first signal processing circuit 504 receives the digital MUSE signal from the A/D converter 503. The first signal processing circuit 504 includes a recording and reproducing device which records and reproduces the digital MUSE signal into and from an internal recording medium. The first signal processing circuit 504 may additionally include a deemphasis circuit. The first signal processing circuit 504 may include a descramble circuit. The first signal processing circuit 504 outputs the reproduced digital MUSE signal. The quality of the output digital MUSE signal from the first signal processing circuit 504 is essentially the same as the quality of the digital MUSE signal inputted into the first signal processing circuit 504. It is preferable that the first signal processing circuit 504 processes the digital MUSE signal while maintaining its digital signal form. The first signal processing circuit 504 may be of other types. Specifically, in one example of the other types of the first signal processing circuit 504, the digital MUSE signal fed from the A/D converter 503 is converted into an analog signal form which is recorded into an internal recording medium, and the analog signal is reproduced from the recording medium before being converted back into a digital signal form. In this case, the first signal processing circuit 504 is generally required to have wide-band transmission characteristics which essentially prevent a frequency-dependent deterioration of the quality of the MUSE signal. In the case where the digital MUSE signal originates from a satellite broadcast signal exposed to a non-linear preemphasis process, it is preferable that a deemphasis process is made on the digital MUSE signal regardless of whether the first signal processing circuit 504 is of the digital recording type or the analog recording type. The preemphasis process and the deemphasis process enable a reduction in the total amount of the transmitted information for the digital recording, and enables an increase in S/N ratio for the analog recording. The D/A converter 505 receives the digital MUSE signal from the first signal processing circuit 504. The digital MUSE signal received by the D/A converter 505 has a parallel form having, for example, 8 to 10 bits. The digital MUSE signal is converted by the D/A converter 505 into a corresponding analog MUSE signal. Specifically, the digital MUSE signal is subjected by the D/A converter 505 to wide-band D/A conversion which executes only weighted addition of the parallel-form MUSE signal. The output MUSE signal from the D/A converter 505 is fed to the second signal processing circuit 506 via a leading line 507. The second signal processing circuit 506 includes an analog LPF 508 and a signal selection circuit 511. The analog LPF 508 subjects the output MUSE signal from the D/A converter 505 to narrow-band signal processing to remove unnecessary noise components from the MUSE signal. The output MUSE signal from the analog LPF 508 is essentially equal in waveform to the analog MUSE signal fed to the input terminal 501 of the first MUSE signal processing device 500. The signal selection circuit 511 has input terminals 509 and 510 receiving the output signals from the analog LPF 508 and the D/A converter 505 respectively. The signal selection circuit 511 selects one of the output signals from the analog LPF 508 and the D/A converter 505 and passes the selected signal in response to a control signal fed from a control signal generator 512 within the first MUSE signal processing device 500. The control signal generator 512 generates the control signal on the basis of a vertical sync signal and a horizontal sync signal contained in the output signal from the first signal processing circuit 504. The control signal is a binary signal dependent on whether or not the current signal part corresponds to a video signal period, that is, whether or not the current signal part represents video information (display information). During each video signal period, the signal selection circuit 511 selects and passes the output signal from the D/A converter 505 in response to the control signal. In this case, the analog LPF 508 is bypassed or disabled. During other periods such as a period where a sync signal occurs, the signal selection circuit 511 selects and passes the output signal from the analog LPF 508 in response to the control signal. In this case, the analog LPF 508 is enabled. As a result of the previously-mentioned operation of the signal selection circuit 511, the output signals from the D/A converter 505 and the analog LPF 508 are multiplexed in a time division manner. The signal selection circuit 511 feeds the resultant multiplexed signal to an output terminal 513 of the first MUSE signal processing device 500. In summary, during each video signal period, the analog signal which results from the wide-band D/A conversion is outputted via the output terminal 513. During other periods such as a period where a sync signal occurs, the analog MUSE signal which has the waveform essentially same as the waveform of the input MUSE signal is outputted via the output terminal 513. A second MUSE signal processing device 200 constitutes a MUSE decoder and includes a first input terminal 201 and a second input terminal 202. In addition, the second MUSE signal processing device 200 includes an analog LPF 204, a signal selection circuit 205, an A/D converter 206, a subsample interpolation circuit 207, a D/A converter 208, and an analog LPF 209. The first input terminal 201 is directly fed with the analog MUSE signal from the MUSE encoder 1 via a leading line 203. The input analog MUSE signal is transmitted via the analog LPF 204 to a first input terminal 2051 of the signal selection circuit 205. The analog LPF 204 has characteristics equal to the characteristics of the analog LPF 502 in the first MUSE signal processing device 500. A second input terminal 2052 of the signal selection circuit 205 receives the output signal from the first MUSE signal processing device 500 via a leading line 514 and the input terminal 202 of the second MUSE signal processing device 200. The signal selection circuit 205 selects one of the output analog MUSE signals from the analog LPF 204 and the first MUSE signal processing device 500 and passes the selected signal in response to a control signal fed from a manual switch 2054 via a control terminal 2053. The output analog MUSE signal from the signal selection circuit 205 is applied to the A/D converter 206. The analog MUSE signal is re-sampled and is converted into a corresponding digital MUSE signal by the A/D converter 206. The subsample interpolation circuit 207 subjects the digital MUSE signal to given signal processing for bandwidth expansion. The D/A converter 208 and the analog LPF 209 which follow the subsample interpolation circuit 207 recover an analog hi-vision signal from the output signal of the subsample interpolation circuit 207. The analog hi-vision signal is transmitted via an output terminal 210 of the second MUSE signal processing device 200. In the case where the manual switch 2054 is operated so that the signal selection circuit 205 selects the output signal from the analog LPF 204 and passes the selected signal to the A/D converter 206, the output signal from the analog LPF 204 is converted by the A/D converter 206 into the corresponding digital signal. In the case where the manual switch 2054 is operated so that the signal selection circuit 205 selects the output signal from the first MUSE signal processing device 500 and passes the selected signal to the A/D converter 206, the A/D converter 206 and the D/A converter 505 of the first MUSE signal processing device 500 are coupled via a single connecting line. In addition, during each video signal period, the A/D converter 206 and the D/A converter 505 are coupled in a wide-band manner or the analog LPF 508 is bypassed. Accordingly, in this case, the output digital MUSE signal from the A/D converter 206 is essentially free from any quality deterioration due to interference between sample values so that the recovered hi-vision signal transmitted via the output terminal 210 is prevented from being contaminated by ringing distortion. During periods other than the video signal periods, the analog LPF 508 is enabled so that the output analog MUSE signal from the first MUSE signal processing device 300 is essentially equal in waveform to the analog MUSE signal inputted into the first MUSE signal processing device 500. As described previously, the control signal generator 512 generates the selection control signal on the basis of a vertical sync signal and a horizontal sync signal contained in the output signal from the first signal processing circuit 504. Fig. 6 shows the format of transmission of a MUSE signal in a vertical-horizontal two-dimensional expression. As described previously, the selection control signal generated by the control signal generator 512 is binary, being changeable between first and second predetermined states having different levels respectively. For example, during each video signal period where the current signal part represents video information (display information) including a color signal C and a luminance signal Y (see Fig. 6), the selection control signal is in the first state. During other periods including periods where the current signal part represents a horizontal sync signal HD (see Fig. 6), the selection control signal is in the second state. The control signal generator 512 can be a combination of a horizontal sync detector and a constant-width pulse generator. The horizontal sync detector senses each horizontal sync signal HD in the output signal from the first signal processing circuit 504. The pulse generator periodically generates a pulse of a predetermined width in response to the output signal from the horizontal sync detector, the pulse occurring for the period where the current signal part represents a horizontal sync signal HD (see Fig. 6). DESCRIPTION OF THE SECOND PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of this invention which is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 4 except for the following design change. In the embodiment of Fig. 5, a second signal processing circuit 506 in a first MUSE signal processing device 500 includes a D/A converter 505, an analog LPF 508, a signal selection circuit 511, and a digital delay circuit 5051. The output digital signal from a first signal processing circuit 304 is converted by the D/A converter 515 into a corresponding analog signal. The output analog signal from the D/A converter 515 is fed to a first input terminal 509 of the signal selection circuit 511 via the analog LPF 308. The output digital signal from the first signal processing circuit 504 is fed to the D/A converter 505 via the delay circuit 5051, and is converted by the D/A converter 505 into a corresponding analog signal. The output analog signal from the D/A converter 505 is applied to a second input terminal 510 of the signal selection circuit 511. The delay circuit 5051 compensates for a time difference between video signal components and other signal components which is caused by a signal delay effect of the analog LPF 508.

Claims: A subsample signal processing apparatus comprising: an A/D-converter-means comprising a first A/D-converter (206; 206); a wide band D/A converter-means (505; 5051, 505, 515) comprising a first D/A-converter (505; 515) having band characteristics which essentially prevent a frequency dependent deterioration of the quality of the signal; subjecting means (506; 508, 511) for subjecting a video signal portion of an output signal from the D/A-converter-means (505; 5051, 505, 515) to processing; coupling means (514, 202, 2052; 514, 202, 2052) for coupling the D/A- to the A/D- converter-means characterized by said wide band D/A converter-means (505; 5051, 505, 515) receiving a television signal in a first digital form which is compressed in band by subsampling; said subjecting means (506; 508, 511) subjecting a video signal portion of an output signal from the D/A-converter-means (505; 5051, 505, 515) to wide-band processing having band characteristics which essentially prevent a frequency dependent deterioration of the quality of the signal and for subjecting a sync signal portion of an output signal from the D/A-converter-means to narrow band processing (508; 508) having a second bandwidth smaller than said first band-width; said coupling means (514, 202, 2052; 514, 202, 2052) coupling with wide-band characteristics an output terminal (513; 513) of the subjecting means and an input terminal of the A/D-converter-means (206) which characteristics essentially prevent a frequency dependent deterioration of the quality of the signal. The subsample signal processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the A/D converter-means comprises a second A/D converter (503; 503) converting an analog television signal related to a subsampled television signal into a corresponding second digital signal and a signal processing circuit (504; 504) processing the second digital signal from the second A/D-converter (503; 503)into the television signal in said first digital form. The subsample signal processing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the analog television is of a MUSE type. The subsample signal processing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the signal processing circuit (504; 504) comprises a deemphasis circuit and a recording and reproducing device. The subsample signal processing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the signal processing circuit (504; 504) comprises a descramble circuit. The subsample signal processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the subjecting means comprises an LPF (508; 508) for subjecting a sync signal portion of an output signal from the D/A-converter-means to said narrow band processing to remove noise components caused by the wide band D/A-converter-means. The subsample signal processing apparatus according to any of the previous claims characterized in that said subjecting means (508, 511) comprises an LPF (508) subjecting the output signal of the first D/A-converter (515) of the D/A-converter means to narrow-band processing, said wide band D/A converter-means further comprises a digital delay circuit (5051) for delaying the television signal in a first digital form to compensate a signal delay caused by the LPF and a second wide-band D/A converter (505) receiving an output signal from the digital delay circuit (5051) ; said subjecting means comprises a means for selecting an output signal from the LPF during the sync signal period of the television signal in the first digital form and for selecting an output signal from the second D/A (505) converter of the D/A converter means, so that said subjecting means (506) subjects the sync signal portion of the output signal from the D/A-converter-means to narrow band processing (508) and subjects a video signal portion of the output signal from the D/A-converter-means (505) to wide-band processing; and in that said coupling means (514, 202, 2052) couples the output terminal (513) of the selecting means with an input terminal of the A/D-converter-means (206). An apparatus for processing a digital television signal which is compressed in band by subsampling, comprising: a D/A converter (505) converting the digital television signal into a corresponding analog signal; an LPF (508) processing the analog signal; an A/D converter (206); means (512) for detecting whether or not the digital television signal currently corresponds to a video signal period where the digital television signal represents display information; and characterized by means (511) for enabling the analog signal to bypass the LPF (508) and transmitting the analog signal from the D/A converter (505) directly to the A/D converter (206) when the detecting means (512) detects that the digital television signal currently corresponds to the video signal period, and for enabling the analog signal to be processed by the LPF and transmitting an output signal from the LPF to the A/D converter when the detecting means detects that the digital television signal does not currently correspond to the video signal period.

Inventors: HAMADA MASANORI, ISOBE MITSUO, MORITA KATSUMI, HAMADA, MASANORI, ISOBE, MITSUO, MORITA, KATSUMI
Applicants: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD, MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1990
Main classification: H04N7
IPC codes: H04N7, H04N5, H04N9