DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN ANTIBODIES AGAINST HTLV-I, HTLV-II OR RELATED RETROVIRUSES, NEW PEPTIDES, DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES AND IMMUNOASSAY KITS

Abstract: A method of discriminating between specific antibodies in samples of sera or other body fluids from humans or other primates containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-II or containing antibodies arising from infection with related retroviruses, is described. In said method, the sample to be analyzed is subjected to at least four immunoassays, each using a different diagnostic antigen selected from four defined groups of peptides. Additionally, an immunoassay kit adapted for said method of discrimination, new peptides and a method of detecting antibodies with said peptides, are described.

Description: DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN ANTIBODIES AGAINST HTLV-I, HTLV-II OR RELATED RETROVIRUSES, NEW PEPTIDES, DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES AND IMMUNOASSAY KITS The present invention relates to a method of discri¬ minating between specific antibodies in samples of sera o other body fluids from humans or other primates containin antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, HTLV-II or related retroviruses. Additionally, it relates to an immu- noassay kit adapted for said method of discrimination, an new peptides and a method of detecting antibodies with said peptides. BACKGROUND Up to now the following techniques for differentia¬ ting infection with the two viruses have been used: Virus isolation with typing, serological techniques (based on antibody competition or neutralization), or nucleic acid techniques (nucleic acid amplification or hybridization). Most of these techniques are laborious and require specia competence. Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) are widespread human retroviruses ( a short review is given in ref. 6) (1, 2, 3, 20). HTLV-II has for several years been considered to be rare, but has recentl proved to be a rather common infection among intravenous drug abusers primarily in the United States of America. The viruses cross-react serologically. It is therefore impossible to discriminate between an infection with one virus from an infection with the other with current anti- body tests. It may prove clinically important to differen tiate between infections with the two viruses. HTLV-I is associated with a type of leukemia (Adult T cell Leukemia ATL) while HTLV-II has been observed in a few cases of hairy cell leukemia. There is a need for simple tests to differentiate between the two infections. Even if the amino acid sequences of HTLV-I and HTLV- -II proteins are similar there are several regions where they are markedly different. Our idea is to use synthetic peptides from such regions as antigens in antibody tests. We have found peptides with sequences which e.g. are suitable for solid phase immunoassays and which give a type-specific antibody reactivity. We have found techni¬ ques where we use them to discern infection with HTLV-I from infection with HTLV-II. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION One.aspect of the invention is directed to a method of discriminating between specific antibodies in samples of sera or other body fluids from humans or other primates containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-II or containing antibodies arising from infection with rela¬ ted retroviruses, whereby the sample to be analyzed is subjected to at least four immunoassays, each using a dif¬ ferent diagnostic antigen selected from the following groups a) to d): a) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I gag comprising antigenic structures; b) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II gag comprising antigenic structures; c) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I env comprising antigenic structures; d) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II env comprising antigenic structures; with the proviso that at least one peptide from each of the groups a) to d) is selected and, further, that at least one pair of peptides corresponding to at least partially overlapping sequences of HTLV-I and HTLV-II is selected from each of the groupages a ) plus b ) , and c ) plus d ) , and that the analyzed, different binding strengths of the antibodies of the sample in said at least four immuno¬ assays are used to discriminate between antibodies arising from infection with one specific retrovirus and antibodies arising from infection with other specific retroviruses . In an embodiment of this aspect of the invention the diagnostic antigens are selected in the above manner from the peptides: a) HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVHHPHGAPPKHRPWQMKDLQAIKQEVSQAAPGSPQFMQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLVA b) HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQMKDLQAIKQEVSSSALGSPQFHQT RLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSS W a) HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKEC KLLQARGHTNSPLGDHLRACQTVTPKDKTKVLW PKK b) HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAWTPKDKTKVLWQPRR a) HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA b ) HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS a ) HTLV-I sag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b ) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP a ) HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL a ) HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH a ) HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT a ) HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ b ) HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ a) HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT a) HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL b) HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL C) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF c) HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR c) HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN c) HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL c) HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE c) HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL d) HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML In a preferred embodiment at least the following peptides are selected: a) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP C) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF In a further preferred embodiment the sample to be analyzed is subjected to at least eight immunoassays and the analyzed pattern of binding strengths is processed with a computer program. Optionally, at least one of the selected peptides is attached to an inert soluble or insoluble carrier. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a pep- tide, which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I, HTLV-II or a related retrovirus each comprising antigenic structu¬ res and which comprises a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues selected from the following sequences: HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVHHPHGAPPNHRPWQKKDLQAIKOEVSQAAPGSPQFHQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLVA HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSMRPWQKKD QAIKQEVSSSA GSPQFMQT RLAVQQFDPTAKD QDLLQY CSS W HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKECQKLLQARGHTNSPLGDKLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLVVQPKK HTLV-II gag 305-356 RSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAWTPKDKTKVLWQPRR HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML Yet another aspect of the invention is directed to a method of detecting antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, HTLV-II or a related retrovirus in a sample of 5 serum or other body fluid from a human or an other prima¬ te, whereby said sample is subjected to an immunoassay using as a diagnostic antigen at least one peptide of the invention. Still another aspect of the invention is directed to 10 an immunoassay kit for the discrimination between samples of sera or other body fluids from humans or other primates containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-II or containing antibodies arising from infection with rela- 15 ted retroviruses, which kit comprises at least four peptides selected from the following groups a) to d): a) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I gag comprising antigenic 20 structures; b) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II gag comprising antigenic structures; 25 c) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I env comprising antigenic structures; d) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 30 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II env comprising antigenic structures; with the proviso that it comprises at least one peptide from each of the groups a) to d) and, further, that it 35 comprises at least one pair of peptides corresponding to at least partially overlapping sequences of HTLV-I and HTLV-II from each of the groupages a ) plus b ) , and c ) plus d ) . In an embodiment of this aspect of the invention the immunoassay kit comprises at least four peptides selected in the above manner from the peptides : a) HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVHHPHGAPPNHRPWQMKDLQAΪKQEVSQAAPGSPQFHQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKD QDLLQYLCSSLVA b) HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQHKD QAIKQEVSSSALGSPQEMQTLRLAVQQFDPTAKD QDLLQYLCSSLW a) HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKECQKLLQARGHTSSPLGDHLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLWQPKK b) HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEMLRTCQAWTPKDKTKVLWQPRR a ) HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA b ) HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS a ) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b ) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP a ) HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL a ) HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH a ) HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT a ) HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ b ) HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ a ) HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT a ) HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL b ) HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL C) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF c) HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR C) HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN c) HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL c) HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE • c) HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL d) HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML In a preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention the immunoassay kit comprises at least the following peptides: a) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP c) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF Short description of the drawings Figure 1. Distribution of antibody reactivity with the peptide pair 1GB/2GB. Data from 15 HTLV-I and 10 HTLV- II positive sera from USA. Filled circles=HTLV-II positive sera. Figure 2. Distribution of antibody reactivity with the peptide pair 1EA/2EA. Symbols and sera as in Figure 1. Figure 3. Classification of serological reactivity with the help of the computer program HTLVPARS. HTLV-I and HTLV-II points have been computed with the same sera as in Figures 1 and 2, and are shown with the same symbols. One-letter code for amino acids. In the specification and claims the following conventional one-letter code is used: A Alanine C Cysteine D Aspartic acid E Glutamic acid F Phenylalanine G Glycine H Histidine I Isoleucine K Lysine L Leucine M Methionine N Asparagine P Proline Q Glutamine R Arginine S Serine T Threonine V Valine W Tryptophan Y Tyrosine MATERIAL Synthetic peptides The following peptides were synthesized. The letters to the left in the following symbolize the peptides era- ployed. 1GA HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA 2GA HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS 1GB HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL 2GB HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP 1GC HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL 1GD HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH IGE HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT ' 2GF HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ GG HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ GH HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT GI HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL GI HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL 1EA HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL EA HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF 1EB HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR 1EC HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN 1ED HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL 1EE HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE 1EF HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL 2EF HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML The peptides were synthesized with a solid-phase technique according to the FMOC technology on an Applied Biosystems 430A machine. They were purified to 99.5% purity on a C18 column in an HPLC chromatograph, and were characterized by analytical HPLC, amino acid sequencing and amino acid analysis. Sera We used sera from 4 HTLV-I seropositive patients with adult T cell leukemia (a gift from dr Yorio Hinuma, Japan) one HTLV-I seropositive patient with tropical spactic para paresis (TSP; an ethiopian immigrant to Sweden), five STLV I antibody positive cynomolgus monkeys ( found by us durin testing of a large number of monkey sera, cf (5)), 15 HTLV-I seropositive intravenous drug abusers from the USA (sera typed with competitions RIPA (17, 25); a gift from d Marjorie Robert-Guroff, National Cancer Institute, USA). used 38 sera from Swedish blood donors as negative con¬ trols. Immunoenzymatic antibody determination We utilized an enzymatic antibody detection techniqu (Enzyme immunoassay; EIA) where the synthetic HTLV pep¬ tides dissolved at a concentration of 20 μg/ml were allow¬ ed to adsorb from a volume of 100 μl to an activated plastic surface, and thereafter allowed to react with antibodies in a patient serum, followed by enzyme(peroxi- dase) labelled indicator antibodies. The technique cor¬ responds to the one we have described earlier (4, 15). As a measure of the serological reactivity (the IgG activity directed against the respective synthetic peptide we used the difference in absorbance at 450 nm between a peptide- coated and a not-peptide-coated microplate well which had been incubated with the same serum at a dilution of 1/50. RESULTS Table la. In a series of 35 sera with known or prob¬ able specificity the analyses yielded the results shown below. The figures are the absorbance difference between peptide-coated and not-peptide-coated well in EIA. Only results from peptides which gave a clear and specific re¬ activity (absorbance difference of >=0.3, and an absence of reactivity with the negative controls) are shown: Our Known result /Probab 1GB 2GB 2GF 1EA 2EA 1EB 1EC 1ED 1EE 1EF 2EF type Sera from four patients with adult T-cell leukemia. 1.4 0.9 0.0 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) 1.1 0.20.0 0.7 0.2 0.00.2 0.00.0 0.20.0 1 ( 1 ) 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.40.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.1 1 ( 1 ) 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) Serum from one patient with tropical spastic paraparesis. 0.6 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 1 (1) Sera from five STLV-I positive cynomolgus monkeys. 1.7 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) 1.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) 1.6 0.3 0.1 1.00.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) 1.5 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 ( 1 ) Table lb. Sera from 25 intravenous drug abusers, and 6 negative control sera, all from the USA (25). These sera were analyzed blindly. The results from one serum constitute one row. Our Known/ result Probable 1GB 2GB 2GF 1EA 2EA 1EB 1EC 1ED 1EE 1EF 2EF type 0 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 0.1 0. 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 1 1 0.8 0.8 0 1.0 0.5 1.1 0.4 1. 0 1.4 0.3 0 1 1 0 0 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0 0. 2 0.4 0.1 0.4 2 2 0 0 0 .1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0 0 1.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 1 1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.8 0 0. 8 1.3 0 0 1 1 0.7 0.1 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 1 1 0.3 0.3 0 0.1 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.4 2 2 0 0.5 0 0 0.6 0.3 0 0 0 0.1 0.5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ό 1 0 0.2 0 0 0.4 0.2 0 0. 5 1.0 0.1 0,6 2 2 0 0 0 0 0.6 0.3 0 0 0.3 0.1 0.5 2 2 0.8 0.3 0 0.3 0 0 0 0. 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0.4 0.2 0 0 0.5 0 0.3 2 2 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0.9 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.1 1 1 0 0.2 0 0 0.1 0 0 0. 5 0.6 0.1 0.3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.1 2 2 0 0.2 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 0.1 0 0.1 2 2 0.1 0 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0 0 1.0 0.9 0.1 1 1 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.1 0 1 1 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0 0. .2 0 0 0 *» 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ό 0 0.3 0.6 0 0.3 0 0.1 0 0 0.2 0 0 7 1 0.1 0.5 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 2 2 0.4 0 0 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Frequency of reactivity (absorbance-difference >0.3) wit 38 Swedish blood donor sera. 1/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 0/38 Explanation: 0: control serum, 1: HTLV-I positive serum, 2: HTIV-II positive serum, ? serum with an uncertain reactivity. Improved type discrimination with a combination of the results from an HTLV-I and an HTLV-II peptide. As can be seen in table 1, EIA with a single peptide could not clearly differentiate between HTLV-I and HTLV- -II. We then tried to analyze data in a two-dimensional diagram. At least two peptide pairs proved to give a re¬ latively good type-specific discrimination (Fig 1 and 2). However, even with these pairs there were a few discrepancies. Automatic interpretation of HTLV serotype: To further improve the discrimination between the two HTLV-types we tried to take all results into account by multiplying the absorbances with weights according to the relative ability to discriminate for each peptide para- meter. The weighted absrobances were then used for cal¬ culation of "HTLV-I-" and "HTLV-II-" points, respectively. The operations were performed in accordance with a compu¬ ter program written in dBASE II as follows. ♦HTLVPARS.CMD, A ROUTINE FOR SEROLOGICAL TYPING SERA ♦INTO HTLV-I AND -II POSITIVITY. SET INTENSITY OFF SET TALK OFF CLEAR STORE "OK" TO HINDT SET ALTERNATE TO HTLVTYP.TXT DO WHILE HINDT="OK" ERASE E 1, 0 SAY " «• έ 1,50 SAY." » t 2,24 SAY "PROGRAM FOR HTLV-TYPING OF SERA" έ 3, 0 SAY " « έ 3,50 SAY " » READ STORE " " TO HDBAS έ 5,5 SAY "Which is the name of the database? (S=stop) "GET HDBAS READ IF HDBAS=" " LOOP ENDIF IF !(MDBAS)**" » S" QUIT ENDIF STORE TRIH(!(HDBAS))+".DBF" TO HFDBAS IF .NOT. FILE("&HDBAS") LOOP ENDIF CLEAR GETS SET PRINT OFF USE &MDBAS SET ALTERNATE ON SET CONSOLE OFF ? CHR(12) ? " Results of the HTLV-typing of the serum samples registered in •• ? " the database "+HDBAS+"." ? "Nr- Sample Result „ SET CONSOLE ON SET ALTERNATE OFF DO WHILE .NOT. EOF E 7,5 SAY STR(/,3) ≤ 9,5 SAY "Serum number "-.AOHR+" "+YR+" "+STR(VAL(LABNO),5)+" being teste d " t 11,5 SAY "+« READ STORE 0.0 TO HTLVPOINT STORE 0.0 TO HTLV1POINT STORE 0.0 TO HTLV2POINT IF G2:117>0.20 IF (Gl:lll/G2:117)>=1.4 STORE HTLVlPOINT+1 TO HTLV1POINT ENDIF IF (Gl:lll/G2:117)<=0.6 STORE HTLV2P0INT+1 TO HTLV2P0INT ENDIF ENDIF IF Gl:lll>0.3.AND.G2:117<0.1 STORE HTLV1POINT+1 TO HTLVIPOINT ENDIF IF Gl:lll>0.3.AND.G2:117>0.3 STORE HTLVPOINT+0.5 TO HTLVPOINT ENDIF IF G2:398>0.3 IF Gl:392/G2:398<0.5 STORE HTLV2POINT+0.5 TO HTLV2POINT ENDIF ENDIF IF E2:186>0.20 IF El:190/E2:186<0.6 STORE HTLV2POINT+1 TO HTLV2POINT ENDIF IF El:190/E2.186>=1.4 STORE HTLVlPOINT+1 TO HTLVIPOINT ELSE IF El:190/E2:186>2.5 •STORE HTLV1POINT+2 TO HTLVIPOINT ENDIF ENDIF ELSE IF El:190>0.5 STORE HTLVlPOINT+1 TO HTLVIPOINT ENDIF ENDIF IF El:290>0.25 STORE HTLVPOINT+1 TO HTLVPOINT ENDIF IF El:380>0.25 STORE HTLVPOINT+X TO HTLVPOINT ENDIF IF Dl:24>0.25 IF (Dl:19/Dl:24)>1.9 STORE HTLVlPOINT+1 TO HTLVIPOINT ENDIF ENDIF IF (Dl:19+Dl:24)>2 STORE HTLVPOINT+1 TO HTLVPOINT ENDIF IF Dl:19>5 STORE HTLVPOINT+0.5 TO HTLVPOINT ENDIF REPLACE HTl WITH HTLVIPOINT, HT2 WITH HTLV2POINT,; HT WITH HTLV1POINT+HTLV2POINT+HTLVPOINT IF HT>1.0 IF HT>3.5 STORE "A clear" TO HEPITHET ELSE STORE "A" TO MEPITHET ENDIF DO CASE CASE HTLV1P0INT>HTLV2P0INT.AND.HTLV1P0INT>1 REPLACE TYPE WITH "1" STORE MEPITHET+" serological reactivity corresponding to HTLV-I."; TO HTYPECOM CASE HTLV1P0INT>HTLV2P0INT REPLACE TYPE WITH "1?" STORE MEPITHET+" serological reactivity resembling that of HTLV-I."; TO MTYPECOH CASE HTLV1P0INT=HTLV2P0INT REPLACE TYPE WITH "HT" STORE MEPITHET+" reactivity compatible with both HTLV-I and HTLV-II "; TO MTYPECOH CASE HTLV1P0INT<HTLV2P0INT.AND.HTLV2POINT>i REPLACE TYPE WITH "2" STORE MEPITHET+" serological reactivity corresponding to HTLV-II."; TO MTYPECOM CASE HTLV1POINKHTLV2POINT REPLACE TYPE WITH "2?" STORE MEPITHET+" serological reactivity resembling that of HTLV-II."; TO MTYPECOM ENDCASE ELSE REPLACE TYPE WITH "00" STORE "The serological reactivity was too weak for typing." TO MTYPECOH ENDIF E 11,5 SAY MTYPECOM READ SET ALTERNATE ON SET CONSOLE OFF ? STR(/,3)+" "+AOMR+" "+YR+" "+STR(VAL(LAB_.0) ,5)+" "+MTYPECOM SET CONSOLE ON SET ALTERNATE OFF SKIP EN&DO EHfaDO RETURN The result is shown in figure 3. In four cases the typing result was "not typable". Two of these sera were earlier classified as HTLV-antibody negative and two were earlier typed as weakly HTLV-I reactive. Thus, in no case the peptide-typing result was clearly different from the known or probable result. Judging from this a serotyping according to our technique would not lead to false typing results, but to a small number of results in the categories "not typable", or "HTLV of indeterminate type". DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS OF THE TEST SERIES. Immunogenicity of HTLV proteins The HTLV-I and -II genomes are 50% similar at the nucleic acid level (6, 10). The similarity is larger in gag than in env. Obvious similarities are however present also in env (10). Long type-specific sequences are present primarily in env. Within the two virus species the variation is very small. This means that peptides taken from one sequence potentially can detect antibodies in many infected persons provided that their sequence is immunogeniσ enough. The HTLV-antigens have both been studied with conventional serology (19, 17) and with monoclonal antibodies (8, 22, 27). Serological reactivity in gag: Palker et al (23) earlier showed that the C-terminus of HTLV-I pl9 contains an important epitope, which reacts with certain monoclonal antibodies in a type-specific man¬ ner. The HTLV-I and -II peptide which we used in this work (1GB and 2GB) partially correspond to the peptide which Palker studied, but they are longer. We have in a larger serological material with our two peptides from this region found that antibodies against the C-terminus are very frequent in both HTLV-I and -II positive sera, and that the combinaton of our two peptides gives a better discrimination than each peptide in itself. Our longer peptides recreate the native conformation of pl9 better and has better possibilities to maintain it while bound t a solid phase, which is customary in many serological techniques. This is a prerequisite for performing the typ discrimination analysis in a practical way. We have found several other sequences in gag from HTLV-I which react with antibodies from both HTLV-I and -II seropositive persons (primarily 2GF, to a lesser ex¬ tent 1GA and 2GA, data not shown). These function as general serological HTLV markers. Serological reactivity in env: We also found that the evolutionarily- conserved se¬ quences in gp21 (corresponding to peptides 1EC, 1ED and 1EE) could be used as type-common HTLV-serological mark¬ ers. We found seven sera which reacted with a very con- served sequence (1ED), which is very similar to sequences in the murine leukemia virus pl5E which probably has an immunosuppressive activity. This may have diagnostic implications and implications for the understanding of th pathogenesis of the diseases which are associated with HTLV (15). It is known that the serological difference between HTLV-I and -II remains if a neutralization test with pseudotypes between VSV and HTLV is performed (10). This confirms that in the envelope there are important type- -specific determinants (cf 19, 30 ). We have found one such determinant, here represented by the peptides 1EA an 2EA, which were derived from the outer envelope glyco- protein. In our series 10 of 15 HTLV-I positive sera and of 10 HTLV-II positive sera reacted with their homologous counterpart of the two. It has been reported that human sera can react with a shorter HTLV-I peptide, which is contained within peptide 1EA, at a similar frequency (24) We found that as with the peptide pair 1GB and 2GB the combination of the peptides 1EA and 2EA was required for an optimal type discrimination. In 21 of 25 sera with known type the combination of the two peptides gave the right type. The four remaining sera reacted "too weakly t allow typing. No type-discordant reactivity was observed with this pair. It is known from bovine leukosis virus (7) that the outer envelope glycoprotein (gp56) contains both linear and conformational epitopes. Some of them contribute to the neutralization of BLV. The antibodies which we de¬ monstrate with the three gp56 peptides thus can also indirectly become useful for detection of neutralizing HTLV antibodies. Even the C-terminal peptide 1EB reacted relatively frequently (6 of 35 known HTLV positive sera). It was however not very type specific. Our findings underline the type specificity of the outer glycoprotein, the most variable env-protein and of the C-terminus of pl9m one of the most variable parts of gag. The STLV-I positive sera reacted mainly like the HTLV-I positive sera. The reactions with many of the env peptides were however relatively weak (cf 19, 29, 30). The high degree of similarity between these two viruses from different primate species, which then is reflected also at the peptide serological level (cf 12), indicates a common ancestry which is of more recent date than the common ancestry of HTLV-I and HTLV-II (29). HTLV-I and -II as medical problems. The need for a stringent serological technique. HTLV-I is a virus with an almost global distribution, even if the highest frequency of infected persons is present in southern Japan, the western Pacific, Carribean, Africa and southern Italy (6, 19). It is an important factor behind the diseases adult T-cell leukemia (6, 19) and tropical spastic paraparesis (21, 25). HTLV-II so far is associated with a few cases of hairy cell leukemia (6, 16, 20). Gradually both HTLV-I and -II have become great medi¬ cal problems also in countries with a relatively low percentage of infected persons. Both can be transmitted with blood, and in the USA and Japan HTLV-I antibodies are analyzed routinely in blood donations (32). Thus a large need for confirmation of the serological screening results with as dependable methods as possible has been created. It has also become important to differentiate between HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection. The importance for the patient of differentiating between the two infections is however still uncertain. Both are associated with serious diseases. It is reasonable to assume that there are important differences in the degree and type of disease which may occur in the HTLV-I and HTLV-II positive pa- tient. In the USA recently a surprisingly high degree of HTLV-seropositivity was found in intravenous drug abusers (14, 26). When these sera were typed most of these re¬ actions proved to be due to HTLV-II. HTLV-II earlier was considered very rare. It is unclear from where the virus has come. Also in great Britain (28) and Italy (11) HTLV of both types has been shown to occur in intravenous drug abusers. Current technique for demonstration and typing of HTLV infection. In spite of widespread use HTLV serology still is an incomplete tool for demonstration and typing of HTLV infection. A large part of the initially positive finding become negative at a comprehensive analysis. Weak and indeterminate reactivities are common. Therefore there ar probably a not insignificant portion of false-negative results in the serology (3). However, a number of possi¬ bilities for confirmation of initally positive findings exist. The techniques which now are available for typing of an HTLV infection comprise virus isolation with typing, western blot with HTLV-I and HTLV-II antigen, radioimmu- noprecipitation assay (RIPA) with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and antigen from both viruses, neutra- lization assay with pseudotypes of both viruses and nucleic acid amplification, possibly followed by restric¬ tion enzyme analysis, hybridization or sequencing. In western blot with HTLV-I antigen there are often few cross-reactions with HTLV-II on pl9. In RIPA type specific reactions can be studied especially well. In competition RIPA type specific reactions have been demonstrated also on p24. PCR (polymerase chain reaction, a type of nucleic acid amplification) has proven to be of great potential for discriminating between the two viruses, but has so far required lymphocytes from the patient. These techniques all require comparatively much time and competence. A simple, cheap and rapid test is needed. Computer-aided interpretation of multiparametric sero¬ logical results. The pattern of serological reactivity with synthetic peptides often is individual (15). Therefore the sensi¬ tivity is increased when results from several synthetic peptides are combined. In a commercial test one can some¬ times mix the peptides directly in the analytical well, but this means that the qualitative contribution given by each peptide is ignored. By analyzing the reactivity of each peptide the sensitivity can be kept high without loss of specificity information. The above given computer program illustrates the principle. We have later modified the program somewhat and thereby acheived a somewhat better type discrimination. The program judges if a typing can be performed with the available information. If that is not the case this is indicated. If the number of HTLV-I and HTLV-II, respectively do not differ clearly the result is classified as "HTLV antibodies demonstrated. Typing not possible". If the number of points for a certain type is at least twice as high as the number of points for the other, that type is reported. The program can easily be modified. New peptides can easily be added when their general HTLV reactivity and ability to type discriminate become approximately known. The weighting factors may have to be modified continuously depending on the reactivity of controls and increasing experience. This pattern recog¬ nition problem can be treated in many ways, among others with a learning machine approach, the multivariate analy¬ sis method and by the use of dichotomous parsing. However, these principles are not discussed here in detail. For practical reasons we have chosen a program which primarily works according to the third principle. The new technique The use of a panel of synthetic peptides gives a detailed insight into the immune response to HTLV, and complements other techniques for confirmation and typing of HTLV infection. Peptides from the envelope glycoprotein gene yielded a particularly good result. The reactivity with the envelope glycoproteins is often weak in western blot, but often strong in our peptide tests. The peptide tests thus give an opportunity to demonstrate antibody activity against both envelope (env) as well as internal (gag) components, which is an important criterion of true HTLV antibody activity. Conclusion: In 32 sera of 36 with known or probable HTLV type we were able to correctly decide whether a serum was HTLV-I or HTLV-II positive. The discrepant sera all gave very weak reactions. Four additional peptides In addition to the above synthesized and tested peptides, we synthesized, by a similar technique, the following four peptides: a) HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVMHPHGAPPNHRPWQMKD QAIKQEVSQAAPGSPQFMQTIRLAV^QFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLVA b) HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQHKDLQAIKQEVSSSALGSPQFHQTLRAVQQFDPTAKDQD LQYLCSSLW a) HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKECQKLLQARGHTNSPLGDHLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLWQPKK b) HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAVTPKDKTKVLWQPRR Preliminary results support that these peptides, which are derived from p24 of HTLV-I and -II, can detect HTLV-I and HTLV-II antibodies and that they react in a type-specific way in an immunoassay according to the present invention. The distinguishing feature of these peptides in that due to their length they simulate HTLV- specific epitopes better than shorter peptides. LITERATURE: 1. Asher DM, Goudsmit J. Pomeroy KL, Garruto RM, Bakker M, Ono SG, Elliott N, Harris K, Askins H, Eldadah Z, Goldstein AD, Gajdusek DC. Antibodies to HTLV-I in populations of the south-western pacific. J Med Virol 26:339-351 (1988). 2. Ben-Ishai Z, Haas M, Triglia D, Lee V, Nahmias J, Bar- Shany S, Jensen F. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I antibodies in Falashas and other ethnic groups in Israel. Nature 315:665-666 (1985). 3. Blattner WA, Nomura A, Clark JW, Ho GYF, Nakao Y, Gallo R, Robert-Guroff M. Modes of transmission and evidence for viral latency from studies of human T— cell lymphotropic virus type I in Japanese migrant populations in Hawaii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:4895- 4898 (1986). 4. Blomberg J, Nilsson I, Andersson M. Viral antibody screening system that uses a standardized single di¬ lution immunoglobulin G enzyme immunoassay with mult¬ iple antigens. J Clin Microbiol 17:1081-1091 (1983). 5. Blomberg J, Nilsson I, Kjellen L. HTLV in Sweden: An- tibodies to HTLV I antigens in experimental monkeys and their caretakers. Scand J Infect Dis 17:135-139 (1985). 6. Blomberg J. HTLV-I -prototyp i en vSxande grupp av leukemogena virus. LSkartidningen 86:2294-2295 (1989) 7. Bruck C, Portetelle D, Burny A, Zavada J. Topograp¬ hical analysis by monoclonal antibodies of BLV-gp51 epitopes involved in viral functions. Virology 122:353-362 (1982). 8. Cogniaux J, Jacquemain PC. Production of monoclonal antibodies against HTLV-I proteins recognizing surfac epitopes of live infected cells. Leukemia Research 9:1117-1126 (1985). 9. Clapham P, Nagy K, Weiss RA. Pseudotypes of human T-cell leukemia virus types 1 and 2 : Neutralization by patients' sera. Proσ Natl Acad Sci USA 81:3083-308 (1984). 10. Chen ISY, McLaughlin J, Gasson JC, Clark SC, Golde DW Molecular characterization of genome of a novel human T-cell leukemia virus. Nature 305 : 502-505 (1983). 11. de Rossi A, Bortolotti F, Cadrobbi P, Chieco-Bianchi L. Trends of HT1V-I and HIV infections in drug addicts. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 24:279-280 (1988). 12. Dracopoli NC, Turner TR, Else JG, Jolly CJ, Anthony R Gallo RC, Saxinger WC. STLV-I antibodies in feral populations of East African vervet monkeys (Cerco- pithecus aethiops). Int J Cancer 38: 523-529 (1986). 13. Gallo RC, Kalyanaraman VS, Sarngadharan MG, Sliski A, Vonderheid EC, Maeda M, Nakao Y, Yamada K, Ito Y, Gutensohn N, Murphy S, Bunn Jr PA, Catovsky D, Greav MF, Blayney DW, Blattner WA, Jarrett WFH, zur Hausen H, Seligmann M, Brouet JC, Haynes BF, Jegasothy BV, Jaffe ES, Cossman J, Broder S, Fisher RI, Golde DW, Robert-Guroff M. Association of the human type-C retrovirus with a subset of adult T-cell cancers. Cancer Res 43:3892-3899 (1983). 14. Jason JM, McDougal S, Cabradilla C, Kalyanaraman VS, Evatt BL. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I ) p24 antibody in New York city blood product recipients. Amer J Hematol 20:129-137 (1985). 15. Klasse PJ, Pipkorn R, Blomberg J. Presence of anti¬ bodies to a putatively immunosuppressive part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp41 is strongly associated with health among HIV- -positive subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:5225- 5229 (1988). 16. Kalyanaraman VS, Sarngadharan MG, Robert-Guroff M, Miyoshi I, Blayney D, Golde D, Gallo RC. A new subtype of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-II) associated with a T-cell variant of hairy-cell leukemia. Science 218:571-573 (1982). 16. Kalyanaraman VS, Sarngadharan MG, Poiesz B, Ruscetti FW, Gallo RC. Immunological properties of a type C retrovirus isolated from cultured human T-lymphoma cells and comparison to other mammalian retroviruses. J Virol 38:906-915 (1981). 17. Lee H, Swanson P, Shorty VS, Zack JA, Rosenblatt JD, Chen IS. Hight rate of HTLV-II infection in seropo¬ sitive i.v. drug abusers in New Orleans. Science 28:471-475 (1989). 18. Lee TH, Coligan JE, McLane MF, Sodroski JG, Popovic M, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC, Haseltine W, Essex M. Sero¬ logical cross-reactivity between envelope gene products of type I and type II human T-cell leukemia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:7579-7583 (1984). 19. Manzari V, Gradilone A, Barillari G, Zani M, Collalti E, Pandolfi F, De Rossi G, Liso V, Babbo P, Robert- Guroff M, Frati L. HTLV-I is endemic in southern Italy: Detection of the first infectious cluster in a white population. Int J Cancer 36:557-559 (1985). 20. Osame M, Matsumoto M, Usuku K, Izumo S, Ijichi N, Amitani H, Tara M, Igata A. Chronic progressive myelopathy associated with elevated antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I and adult T-cell leukemialike cells. Ann Neurol 21:117-122 (1987). 21. Palker TJ, Tanner ME, Scearce RM, Streilein RD, Clark ME, Haynes BF. Mapping of immunogenic regions of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I ) gp46 and gp21 envelope glycoproteins with env-encoded synthetic peptides and a monoclonal antibody to gp46. J Immunol 142:971-978 (1989). 22. Palker TJ, Scearce RM, Copeland TD, Oroszlan S, Haynes BF. C-terminal region of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV- I) pl9 core protein is immunogenic in human and contains an HTLV-I-specific epitope. J Immunol 136:2393-2397 (1986). 23. Palker TJ, Scearce RM, Ho W, Copeland TD, Oroszlan S, Popovic M, Haynes BF. Monoclonal antibodies reactive with human T cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I ) pl9 internal core protein: Cross reactivity with normal tissues and differential reactivity with HTLV-I type I and II. J Immunol 135:247-253 ( 1985). 24. Robert-Guroff M, Weiss SH, Giron JA, Jennings AM, Ginzburg HM, Margolis IB, Blattner WA, Gallo RC. Prevalence of antibodies to HTLV-I, -II and -III in intravenous drug abusers from an AIDS endemic region. JAMA 255:3133-3137 (1986). 25. Robert-Guroff M, Gallo RC. Establishment of an etio- logic relationship between the human T-cell leuke- mia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) and adult T-cell leukemia. Blut 47:1-12 (1983). 26. Tanaka Y, Lee B, Inoi T, Tozawa H, Yamamoto N, Hinuma Y. Antigens related to three core proteins of HTLV-I (p24, pl9 and pl5) and their intracellular localiza¬ tions, as defined by monoclonal antibodies, Int J Cancer 37:35-42 (1986). 27. Tedder RS, Shanson DC, Jeffries DJ, Cheingsong-Popov R, Clapham P, Dalgleish A, Nagy K, Weiss RA. Low pre¬ valence in the UK of HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection in subjects with AIDS, with extended lymphadenopathy, and at risk of AIDS. Lancet ii: 125-128 ( 1984). 28. Tozawa H, Andoh S, Takayama Y, Tanaka Y, Lee B, Naka- mura H, Hayami M, Hinuma Y. Species-dependent anti- genicity of the 34-kDa glycoprotein found on the membrane of various primate lymphocytes transformed by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I ) and simian T-cell leukemia virus (STLV-I). Int J Cancer 41:231-238 (1988). 29. Weiss RA, Clapham P, Nagy K, Hoshino H. Envelope pro¬ perties of human T-cell leukemia viruses. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 115: 235-246 ( 1985). 30. White PM. Comparison of assays for antibody to HTLV-I. J Clin Pathol 41:700-702 (1988). 31. Williams AE, Fang TC, Slamon DJ, Poiesz BJ, Sandier GS, Darr II F, Shulman G, McGowan El, Douglas DK, Bowman RJ, Peetom F, Kleinman SH, Lenes B, Dodd RY. Seroprevalence and epide iological correlates of HTLV- I infection in US blood donors. Science 240:643-646 (1988).

Claims: 29 CLAIMS 1. A method of discriminating between specific antibodies in samples of sera or other body fluids from humans or other primates containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-II or containing antibodies arising from infection with related retroviruses, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the sample to be analyzed is subjected to at least four immunoassays, each using a different diagnostic antigen selected from the following groups a) to d): a) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I gag comprising antigenic structures; b) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II gag comprising antigenic structures; c) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I env comprising antigenic structures; d) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II env comprising antigenic structures; with the proviso that at least one peptide from each of the groups a) to d) is selected and, further, that at least one pair of peptides corresponding to at least partially overlapping sequences of HTLV-I and HTLV-II is selected from each of the groupages a) plus b), and c) plus d), and that the analyzed, different binding strengths of the antibodies of the sample in said at least four immuno¬ assays are used to discriminate between antibodies arising from infection with one specific retrovirus and antibodies arising from infection with other specific retroviruses . 2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the diag¬ nostic antigens are selected from the peptides a) HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVHHPHGAPPNHRPWQHKDLQAIKQEVS AAPGSPQFHQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLVA b) HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQMKDLQAIKQEVSSSALGSPQFHQT RLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLW a) HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSKANKECQKLLQARGHTNSPLGDHLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLWQPKK b) HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAWTPKDKTKVLWQPRR HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT a HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ b HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ a HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT a HTLV-I 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL b HTLV-II 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL c HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF C) HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR c) HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN C) HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL c) HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE c) HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL d) HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML 3. A method according to claim 2, wherein at least the following peptides are selected: a) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP c) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF 4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sample to be analyzed is subjected to at leas eight immunoassays and the analyzed pattern of binding strengths is processed with a computer program. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein at least one of the selected peptides is attached to an inert soluble or insoluble carrier. 6. A peptide, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I, HTLV-II or a related retrovirus each comprising antigenic structures and that it comprises a sequence of at least 17 amino aci residues selected from the following sequences : HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVMHPHGAPPNHRPWQHKDLQAIKQEVSQAAPGSPQFMQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDILQYLCSSLVA HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQHKDLQAIKQEVSSSA GSPQFHQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKD QDLLQYLCSSLW HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKECQKLLQARGHTKSPLGDHLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLW PKK HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSKANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAVTPKDKTKVLWQPRR HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML 7. A method of detecting antibodies arising from in¬ fection with HTLV-I, HTLV-II or a related retrovirus in a sample of serum or other body fluid from a human or an other primate, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said sample is subjected to an immunoassay using as a diag¬ nostic antigen at least one peptide according to claim 6. 8. An immunoassay kit for the discrimination between specific antibodies in samples of sera or other body fluids from humans or other primates containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-I, containing antibodies arising from infection with HTLV-II or containing anti¬ bodies arising from infection with related retroviruses, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it comprises at least four peptides selected from the following groups a) to d): a) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I gag comprising antigenic structures; b) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II gag comprising antigenic structures; c) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-I env comprising antigenic structures; d) peptides comprising a sequence of at least 17 amino acid residues which corresponds to a sequence of HTLV-II env comprising antigenic structures; with the proviso that it comprises at least one peptide from each of the groups a) to d) and, further, that it comprises at least one pair of peptides corresponding to at least partially overlapping sequences of HTLV-I and HTLV-II from each of the groupages a) plus b), and c) plu d). 9 . An immunoassay kit according to claim 8 , wherein it comprises at least four peptides selected from the peptides a) HTLV-I gag 130-197 PVHHPHGAPPNHRPWQMKDLQAIKQEVSQAAPGSPQFMQTIRLAVQQFDPTAKDLQDLLQY CSSLVA b) HTLV-II gag 137-214 PILHPPGAPSAHRPWQKKDLQAIKQEVSSSALGSPQFH TLRLAVQ FDPTAKDLQDLLQYLCSSLW a) HTLV-I gag 298-349 LRSLAYSNANKECQKLLQARGHTNSPLGDHLRACQTWTPKDKTKVLWQPKK b) HTLV-II gag 305-356 LRSLAYSNANKECQKILQARGHTNSPLGEHLRTCQAWTPKDKTKVLWQPRR a ) HTLV-I gag 4-20 IFSRSASPIPRPPRGLA b ) HTLV-II gag 4-20 IHGLSPTPIPKAPRGLS a ) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b ) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP a ) HTLV-I gag 265-285 SILQGLEEPYHAFVERLNIAL a) HTLV-I gag 302-320 LAYSNANKECQKLLQARGH a ) HTLV-I gag 323-341 SPLGDMLRACQTWTPKDKT a ) HTLV-I gag 337-355 PKDKTKVLWQPKKPPPNQ b ) HTLV-II gag 343-361 PKDKTKVLWQPRRPPPTQ a ) HTLV-I gag 378-399 PCPLCQDPTHWKRDCPRLKPT a) HTLV-I gag 392-411 DCPRLKPTIPEPEPEEDALL b ) HTLV-II gag 398-416 DCPQLKPPQEEGEPLLLDL c) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF c) HTLV-I env 290-312 HNSLILPPFSLSPVPTLGSRSRR c) HTLV-I env 360-378 AIVKNHKNLLKIAQYAAQN C) HTLV-I env 376-392 AQNRRGLDLLFWEQGGL C) HTLV-I env 380-398 RGLDLLFWEQGGLCKALQE C) HTLV-I env 465-488 RQLRHLPSRVRYPHYSLILPESSL d) HTLV-II env 463-486 IQALPQRLQNRHNQYSLINPETML 10. An immunoassay kit according to claim 9, wherein it comprises at least the following peptides: a) HTLV-I gag 111-130 PDSDPQIPPPYVEPTAPQVL b) HTLV-II gag 117-136 PSPEAHVPPPYVEPTTTQCP c) HTLV-I env 190-213 LLPHSNLDHILEPSIPWKSKLLTL d) HTLV-II env 186-209 LVHDSDLEHVLTPSTSWTTKILKF

Inventors: BLOMBERG JONAS, PIPKORN RUEDIGER, BLOMBERG, JONAS, PIPKORN, RUEDIGER
Applicants: REPLICO MEDICAL AB
Application year: 1990
Main classification: G01N33
IPC codes: C07K7, C07K14, C07K16, G01N33