Tunnel boring machine

Abstract: Tunnel boring machine for reaming of a pilot tunnel (11). The machine housing (12) is provided with a projecting part in front of the boring head (13), said projecting part comprising a part (20) being fixed relative to the machine housing and a shield (19) being separable from the fixed part.

Description: The present invention relates to a tunnel boring machine for reaming a pilot tunnel. When reaming a pilot tunnel the problem may arise that material broken loose may get stuck between the boring head and the tunnel front at the transition between the reamed tunnel and the pilot tunnel, so that the boring work must be interrupted and the blocks broken loose removed. The German document DE-B-1 188 021 describes a tunnel boring machine where a projecting part is used to guide the machine in a pilot tunnel. This part must be moved out from the pilot tunnel when the cutters are to be exchanged. There is no protection against falling blocks during the exchange procedure. The present invention, which is defined in the subsequent claim, aims at solving the above mentioned problem through preventing blocks broken loose from getting stuck between the boring head and the tunnel front and also preventing loose blocks from falling during exchange of cutters. An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which fig 1 shows a tunnel boring machine according to the invention from the side partly in section. Fig 2 shows a view according to 2-2 in fig 1. Fig 3 shows a view according to 3-3 in fig 1. Fig 4 shows a view according to 4-4 in fig 1 partly in section. Fig 5 shows a section according to 5-5 in fig 1. The tunnel boring machine for reaming the pilot tunnel 11 shown in the drawings comprises a machine housing 12. The machine housing is built up from a number of modules through which the machine in a relatively simple way can be rebuilt to be adapted to different requirements in different tunnels. The shown tunnel boring machine is provided with two units provided with clamping shoes 15 for clamping the machine in the tunnel 14. The clamping shoes act against the tunnel wall 16. The clamping shoes are movable relative to machine housing 12 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by means of hydraulic cylinders 17. A boring head 13 is rotateably mounted on machine housing 12. The boring head is rotated relative to the machine housing by one or more, not shown, electric motors. Boring head 13 is pressed against tunnel front 18 by means of hydraulic cylinders 17. A unit provided with support legs 21 is mounted between the units with clamping shoes 15. By means of these support legs, comprising hydraulic cylinders, the tunnel boring machine is aligned vertically. The different machine housing parts and the boring head are provided with flanges having standard form so that the different modules can be exchanged without extensive design work. Machine housing 12 is at its front end provided with a projecting part which extends into the pilot tunnel 11. This projecting part comprises a part 20 being fixed relative to the machine housing and a shield 19. Shield 19 is by means of wires or chains 22 connected with fixed part 20. As a result shield 19 is moved into pilot tunnel 11 when tunnel 14 is bored. The purpose of shield 19 is to prevent that blocks broken loose at the transition between tunnel 14 and pilot tunnel 11 fall down and get stuck between boring head 13 and tunnel front 18. Boring head 13 is provided with a number of cutters 23 for crushing of the rock. These cutters are worn and must be exchanged at intervals. For this purpose shield 19 can be separated from the fixed part 20. After separation boring head 13 can be moved backwards to give access to the cutters. Shield 19 then remains as protection at the transition between tunnel 14 and pilot tunnel 11. As shown in fig 4 support legs 21 are provided with feet 24. Hydraulic cylinders 25 are connected between support legs 21 and machine housing 12. Cylinders 25 make it possible to turn machine housing 12 about the longitudinal axis of the tunnel when clamping shoes 15 are not in engagement with tunnel wall 16. Through this it is possible to counteract the turning which the tunnel boring machine often encounters as a result of reaction forces during the boring. Horizontal control of the tunnel boring machine is obtained by means of hydraulic cylinders 27 which move the machine housing 12 relative to clamping shoes 15. When the adjustment has been done clamping is obtained by pressurization of pistons 26.

Claims: Tunnel boring machine for reaming of a pilot tunnel (11) comprising a machine housing (12), a boring head (13) being rotatable relative to the machine housing, a number of clamping shoes (15) movable in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel (14) relative to the machine housing (12) for pressing against a tunnel wall (16), and means (17) arranged between said clamping shoes (15) and said machine housing (12) for displacing the machine housing (12) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (14), so that said boring head (13) is pressed against a tunnel front (18), said machine housing (12) being provided with a projecting part in front of the boring head (13), said projecting part extending into said pilot tunnel (11) to prevent material broken loose from getting stuck between the boring head (13) and the tunnel front (18). characterized in that said projecting part comprises a part (20) being fixed relative to the machine housing (12) and a shield (19) being separable from the fixed part (20).

Inventors: ANDERSSON OLOV, DICK HELMUT, HARTWIG SVERKER, ANDERSSON, OLOV, DICK, HELMUT, HARTWIG, SVERKER
Applicants: ATLAS COPCO CONSTR & MINING, ATLAS COPCO CONSTRUCTION AND MINING TECHNIQUE AB
Application year: 1990
Main classification: E21D9
IPC codes: E21D9