Apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle comprises primary (13) and secondary power supplies (16) for supplying an electric power to the electric machine. In non-driving state of an engine (11), the primary power (13) supply is selected as a power supply for the electric machine when an electric power consumption is over a predetermined value, and the secondary power supply (16) is selected when the consumption is below the predetermined value. Therefore, the absentee receiving of facsimile information, the absentee recording of telephone message, etc. are carried out, even in a state of turning-off of an ignition switch (14). The secondary power supply (16) is used mainly in the case that the electric machine is in waiting mode, so that the complete exhaustion of the secondary battery (16) can be prevented.

Description: This is invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle, and more particularly to an apparatus for controlling the change-over between a primary power supply and a secondary power supply for an electric machine such as a telephone set, a facsimile machine, etc. in a vehicle. A conventional power supply of an electric machine such as a mobile (portable) telephone set in a car is connected through an ignition (key) switch to a car battery, so that an electric power is supplied to the telephone set, when the ignition switch is turned on. Therefore, the supply of an electric power is shut off to avoid unintentional consumption thereof, when the ignition switch is turned off. This structure is adopted, for the reason that electric power is consumed in the telephone set during not only in an occupied state for communication, but also in a waiting state for receiving a call. Consequently, the exhaustiveness of the car battery is avoided by turning the ignition switch off. However, the conventional power supply of an electric machine in a car has a disadvantage in that an absentee (caretaking) recording of telephone message, an absentee receiving of facsimile information, etc. are not carried out, when an ignition key is pulled out and a driver leaves the car, so that the ignition switch is turned off to shut off the supply of an electric power to the telephone set. US-A-2 866 907 discloses a dual battery switch system with a main battery and a reserve battery, the latter being for driving an engine starter when the main battery is exhausted. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle, by which an absentee recording of telephone message, an absentee receiving of facsimile information, etc. are carried out, even in a state of turning-off of an ignition switch. This object is solved with the features of the independent claim. The invention will be explained in more detail in conjunction with appended drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional power supply system of an electric machine in a car, Figs. 2 to 4 are block diagrams showing an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a car in first to third preferred embodiments according to the invention. Before describing an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle, a conventional power supply system of an electric machine in a vehicle briefly described before will be explained in conjunction with Fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows the conventional power supply system of an electric machine in a car, in which a telephone set 30 as an electric machine with an antenna 31 is connected through an ignition switch 14 having terminals A and B to a car battery 13 to be charged by a generator 12 which is driven by an engine 11 of the car. An electric power is supplied to the telephone set 30 from the car battery 13, when the ignition switch 14 is turned on. On the other hand, the supply of an electric power is shut off to avoid unintentional consumption thereof, when the ignition switch 14 is turned off. In this structure, however, an absentee recording of telephone message cannot be carried out, when the ignition switch 14 is turned off and a driver leaves the car. EP-A-408 028 (post-published - Art.54(3)EPC- and corresponding to US-A-5 157 271) discloses an improved apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle, in which a secondary battery is added to supply an electric power to the electric machine, when an ignition switch is turned off. The present invention further improves the copending application in that the exhaustive power consumption of the secondary battery which is caused by long-period or repetitive power supply is avoided. Fig. 2 shows an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a car in the first preferred embodiment. A car battery 13, as a primary power supply for supplying an electric power to electric machines in a car including a telephone set 30, is connected to and charged from a generator 12 which is driven by an engine 11 of the car. An ignition switch 14 is connected at one terminal A to the car battery 13 and at the other terminal B to a charger 15. A secondary battery 16, as a secondary power supply for supplying an electric power to the telephone set 30, is connected at a positive terminal to the charger 15 by which the secondary battery 16 is charged, and at a negative terminal to ground. A relay 17 includes a relay coil 17a which is connected at one terminal to an output of an OR gate 18, and a relay contact 17b, which is connectable via a first fixed contact point A to a first photocoupler 19 and via a second fixed contact point B to a second photocoupler 20, having a movable contact point C connected to a power supply terminal PS of the telephone set 30. The OR gate 18 has two inputs, one of which from the first and second photocouplers 19 and 20, and the other from the terminal B of the ignition switch 14. The first photocoupler 19 includes an LED 19a and a phototransistor 19b and is connected between the secondary battery 16 and the first fixed contact point A of the relay 17. On the other hand, the second photocoupler 20 includes an LED 20a and a phototransistor 20b and is connected between the car battery 13 and the second fixed contact point B of the relay 17. Signal outputs of the photocouplers 19 and 20 is connected to the input of the OR gate 18. The telephone set 30 is connected at a signal receiving terminal SR to an antenna 31. In this circuitry arrangement, the OR gate 18 functions as a control unit, the photocouplers 19 and 20 as a current detecting circuit, and the relay 17 as a power supply selecting circuit. In operation, the generator 12 is driven to provide an electric power to the car battery 13 which is thereby charged, when the engine 11 is rotated. As a matter of course, the ignition switch 14 has been turned on in this state, so that the relay coil 17a of the relay 17 has been energized by a signal from the output of the OR gate 18 to turn the relay contact 17b on the fixed contact point B of the relay 17. As a result, the power supply terminal PS of the telephone set 30 is connected to the car battery 13 through the relay contact 17b and the second photocoupler 20, and is disconnected to the secondary battery 16, so that the telephone set 30 is supplied with an electric power from the car battery 13 and can be in operation for communication. At the same time, a current flows from the car battery 13 through the ignition switch 14 to the charger 15, by which the secondary battery 16 is charged to have a predetermined voltage. On the other hand, when the ignition switch 14 is turned off, the relay coil 17a is not energized to turn the relay contact 17b off the fixed contact point B and on the first fixed contact point A of the relay 17, so that no current flows from the car battery 13 to the power supply terminal PS of the telephoneset 30, but a current flows from the secondary battery 16 through the first photocoupler 19 and the relay contact 17b. Therefore, the telephone set 30 can operate in a waiting mode for a call. At this stage, the current which flows through the first photocoupler 19 is relatively small, so that a signal of the first photocoupler 19 which is supplied through the OR gate 18 to the relay coil 17a is small. As a result, the relay coil 17a is not energized, so that the relay contact 17b remains on the first fixed contact point A of the relay 17 to provide a connection between the telephone set 30 and the secondary battery 16. When the telephone set 30 receives a call and goes into an occupied state, a relatively large load current flows from the secondary battery 16 through the first photocoupler 19 to the telephone set 30, so that a signal of the first photocoupler 19 becomes large to energize the relay coil 17a. As a result, the relay contact 17b turns on the second fixed contact point B to provide a connection between the telephone set 30 and the car battery 13. At this stage, a current does not flow through the first photocoupler 19, so that the first photocoupler 19 does not supply any signal to the OR gate 18. However, a relatively large current flows through the second photocoupler 20, so that the second photocoupler 20 supplies a selecting signal through the OR gate 18 to the relay coil 17a. As a result, the relay coil 17a is maintained to be energized to stay the relay con tact 17b on the second fixed contact point B to provide a connection between the telephone set 30 and the car battery 13. When the telephone set 30 finishes conversation or communication, the current which flows through the second photocoupler 20 becomes small, so that the relay contact 17b turns on the first fixed contact point A of the relay 17 to connect the telephone set 30 to the secondary battery 16, so that the telephone set 30 is supplied with an electric power from the secondary battery 16 and goes back into a waiting state. In the operation explained above, the secondary battery 16 is used only in case that the telephone set 30 is in a waiting mode, so that a consumption of an electric power of the secondary battery 16 is quite small. Consequently, a complete exhaustion of the secondary battery 16 can be prevented. The capacity of the secondary battery 16 is determined in accordance with the consumption of an electric power of the telephone set 30 which is in a waiting mode and a period for which the telephone set 30 should be maintained to be in a waiting mode. Therefore, the capacity thereof does not need to be large. Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a car in the second preferred embodiment, wherein like parts are indicated by like reference numerals as used in Fig. 2. In the second preferred embodiment, though a basic structure of the apparatus is the same as one explained in the first preferred embodiment, a current detecting circuit of the apparatus additionally includes adjustable (variable) resistors 21 and 22, which are connected to phototransistors 19b and 20b of first and second photocouplers 19 and 20, respectively. These adjustable resistors 21 and 22 are provided, in order to adjust the sensitivity of the photocouplers 19 and 20, so that a threshold level of currents, by which a relay 17 is activated, can be adjusted. The operation of the apparatus is the same as one explained in the first preferred embodiment, therefore the operation thereof is not explained here. Fig. 4 shows an apparatus for controlling a power supply of an electric machine in a car in the third preferred embodiment, wherein like parts are indicated by like reference numerals as used in Fig. 2. In the third preferred embodiment, an OR gate 18 has two inputs from one terminal B of an ignition switch 14 and an operation signal output terminal OS, through which an operation signal is transmitted from a telephone set 30. In operation, when the ignition switch 14 is turned on, a relay coil 17a is energized by a signal from an output of the OR gate 18 to turn a relay contact 17b on a fixed contact point B of the relay 17, so that the telephone set 30 is supplied with an electric power from a car battery 13 and can be in operation for communication. When the ignition switch 14 is turned off, the relay coil 17a is not energized to turn the relay contact 17b off the fixed contact point B and on the first fixed contact point A, so that no current flows from the car battery 13 to the power supply terminal PS of the telephone set 30, but a small current flows from the secondary battery 16 through the relay contact 17b thereto. In this stage, the telephone set 30 is in a waiting state for a call. When the telephone set 30 receives a call, the telephone set 30 transmits an operation signal through the operation signal output terminal OS to the OR gate 18, so that the OR gate 18 supplies a signal to the relay coil 17a, which is energized to turn the relay contact 17b on the second fixed contact point B of the relay 17 to provide a connection between the telephone set 30 and the car battery 13. As a result, the telephone set 30 is supplied with an electric power from the car battery 13 during a communication. When the communication of the telephone set 30 ends, the telephone set 30 stops transmitting an operation signal to the OR gate 18, so that the relay coil 17a is not energized, and the relay contact 17b moves on to the first fixed contact point A of the relay 17. As a result, the telephone set 30 is supplied with an electric power from the secondary battery 16.

Claims: An apparatus for cotrolling a power supply of an electric machine in a vehicle, comprising: a battery for storing an electric power supplied to said electric machine (30), said battery being charged by a generator (12) driven by an engine (11) of said vehicle; a switch (17) for turning a supply of said electric power to said electric machine on and off; and a controller (18) for controlling said switch (17) to be turned on and off; characterized in that said battery comprises a primary battery (13) to be charged by said generator (12), and a secondary battery (16) to be charged by said primary battery (13); and said controller (18) controls said switch (17) to connect said electric machine to said primary battery (13), when a load current of said electric machine is equal to or more than a predetermined value or when the electric machine (30) is in an operating mode, and to said secondary battery (16), when said load current is less than said predetermined value or when the electric machine (30) is in a waiting mode. An apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: a detecting means (19,20) with first and second detecting means for selecting load currents supplied from said primary and secondary batteries (13 and 16, respectively), respectively, to said electric machine (30). An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: said first and second detecting means are photocouplers (19,20, resp.) each including an LED (19a and 20a) and a phototransistor (19b and 20b). An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: said switch is a relay (17) including a coil (17a) energized by said predetermined value of said load current and first and second relay contacts, respectively, selected by energization and non-energization of said coil (17a). An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: said controller (18) is an OR gate supplying said switch (17) with a selecting signal dependent on a level of said load current.. An apparatus according to claim 3, 4 or 5, further comprising: variable resistors (21 and 22) connected to the bases of said photocouplers (19 and 20), respectively, for adjusting a threshold level to select said one battery. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: said switch (17) is a relay activated by a selecting signal supplied from said controller (18) dependent on said mode of said electric machine, and said controller is an OR gate having input terminals connected, respectively, to said electric machine (30) and an ignition switch (14) of said vehicle to supply said relay (17) with said selecting signal. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising: means for detecting a driving state of the engine (11) in said vehicle; and wherein the controller comprises: means for controlling said switch (17,14) to select said primary battery (13), in a condition selected from a first condition that said engine (11) is in said driving state and a second condition that, in case of non-driving state of said engine, said load current is equal to or more than said predetermined value, and to select said secondary battery (16) in a condition that said engine (11) is in said non-driving state and said load current is below said predetermined value. An apparatus according any of claims 1 to 8, wherein said primary battery comprises a car battery (13).

Inventors: FUJIWARA RYUHEI C O NEC CORPOR, FUJIWARA, RYUHEI, C/O NEC CORPORATION
Applicants: NIPPON ELECTRIC CO, NEC CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: B60R16
IPC codes: B60R16, H02J7