Recording apparatus

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes a recording head for effecting an recording operation on a recording material while it is being moved; a plurality of detectors for detecting plural conditions of the apparatus; a controller for effecting the recording operation in accordance with the conditions detected by the detectors; the plurality of detectors includes a detecting element movable together with the recording head and a plurality of members to be detected corresponding to the conditions of the apparatus and disposed along a movement path of the detecting element.

Description: The present invention relates to a recording apparatus provided with a carriage for carrying a recording head which is preferably detachably mountable on the carriage. The present invention is particularly applicable to a recording apparatus of the ink jet type having, in addition to a usual sheet feeding function, an automatic sheet feeding function, recovery function for sucking ink from the recording head and the like. A recording apparatus, particularly a serial type printer, requires a moving mechanism for the carriage carrying the recording head, a sheet feeding device for feeding recording material such as sheet and an automatic sheet feeding mechanism. In addition, when the recording apparatus is of the ink-jet type, it may require head capping means for preventing failure of ink ejection because of drying of the ink adjacent to the ink ejection outlets and a pumping means. In the conventional apparatus, these mechanisms and the devices are generally driven by separate driving means such as motors, solenoids and/or the like. In a less expensive recording apparatus, one reversible motor is employed to effect plural operations. However, the provision of independent driving sources for the respective functions results in costly apparatus and requires space for wiring. It is possible to use a reversible motor together with a one-way clutch as the driving sources for the sheet feeding and the automatic sheet feeding (ASF), but that prevents reverse feeding of a recording sheet, thus degrading the performance of the apparatus. In addition, the mechanism becomes extremely complicated with the increase of the multi-function mechanisms. Figure 16 is a perspective view of an ink jet printer as an exemplary recording apparatus of this kind. Figure 17 is a side view illustrating details of a part of the ink jet printer of Figure 16. The apparatus comprises a friction roller 5 for feeding a recording sheet 6 by friction to a recording position. The friction roller 5 is supported on a shaft 43 which is rotatably supported by left and right side plates (not shown) of the sheet feeding device. The recording sheet 6 is guided along the outer periphery of the friction roller 5 by a paper pan 38, and is pressed in to contact with the friction roller 5 by a pinch roller (not shown). Thus, when the friction roller 5 is rotated, the recording sheet 6 is fed by the friction force to the platen 4 provided above the friction roller 5. Rotational movement of the friction roller 5 is effected by a feed motor 21 through an intermediate gear 20 fixed on the shaft of the friction roller 43. A sheet confining plate 8 functions to guide the recording sheet 6 fed to the platen 4 so that the sheet is urged toward the platen 4 and thus the recording surface of the recording sheet 6 is maintained flat along the platen 4. An ink jet recording head 1 mounted on the carriage 2 is brought face to face with the recording surface of the recording sheet 6 on the platen 4. More particularly, the carriage 2 is slidably engaged with a guide shaft 3 and a rear guide shaft 45 extending parallel with the platen 4 between the unshown left and right side plates at the opposite ends of a frame 44 of the printer. The carriage 2 is connected with a part of a timing belt 47 extending parallel with the guide shaft 2 and around pulleys at the opposite ends of the printer. By this means, the carriage 2 is moved along the guide shaft 3 and the rear guide shaft 45 by a carriage motor 46 through the timing belt 47. During this movement, the ink jet recording head 1 effects a recording operation. The recording head is driven by recording signals supplied through a recording head cable 48 from a controller provided on a print board. Ink ejected by driving of the recording head is supplied from an ink cartridge 27 through an ink tube 58 and a subordinate container 51 to the ink jet recording head 1. A recovery means 52 is disposed at a position adjacent to a recording region covered by the range of movement of the ink jet recording head 1. The recovery means 52 includes a cap 13 movable towards and away from the ink ejection side of the ink jet recording head 1 and an ink suction pump (not shown) for sucking ink from the ink ejection outlets through the cap 13. A wiper 26 for removing residual ink, water droplet, dust or the like deposited on the ink ejection side surface of the ink jet recording head 1 is provided adjacent to the recovery means 52 along the moving path of the recording head. A home position sensor 11 is provided for discriminating the position of the movable recording head 1. The position at which the sensor 11 detects a part of the carriage 2 is defined as the home position, that is a reference position for the control of the movement of the ink jet recording head. Designated by a reference numeral 53 is an ink cartridge sensor for discriminating whether the ink cartridge 27 for supplying the ink is loaded or not. Figure 17 is a side view of the recovery means 52 of Figure 16 in detail. The cap 13 facing the ejection side of the ink jet recording head 1 and the ink suction pump 24 are movable, by rotation of a pump cam 23, in left-right and up-down directions in the Figure, respectively. The pump cam 23 is driven by a pump motor (not shown). A recovery means home position sensor 54 is mounted at a side of the pump cam 23 to discriminate the rotational position of the pump cam 23. The home position sensor 11 is detected while the pump cam 23 being rotated, and the rotational position upon detection is stored. The operations of the cap 13 and the pump 24 are controlled on the basis of the degree of rotation from the stored position. With this structure, however, the leads for the sensors for various discriminations in the recording apparatus are widely disposed. Therefore, the wiring from the sensor to the print board 49 having a controller for controlling the apparatus in accordance with the detections of the sensors, is complicated. The wiring is further complicated by the existence of the recording head cable 48 for supplying the recording signal to the ink jet recording head 1. This makes servicing difficult. The complicated wiring results in an expensive apparatus, and in the necessity for long leads. Furthermore, a complicated structure presents problems for the mechanism for detecting the presence or absence of a detachably mountable ink cassette. DE-A-2 705 282 discloses a recording apparatus comprising a carriage for carrying a recording head for effecting a recording operation on a recording material while it is being moved; a plurality of detecting means for detecting plural conditions of said apparatus and control means for controlling the recording operation in accordance with the conditions detected by said detecting means; wherein said plurality of detecting means includes a sensor provided on said carriage for movement together with said recording head, and a plurality of members to be sensed by said sensor disposed along a movement path of said sensor along the scanning range of said carriage. According to the present invention there is provided a recording apparatus having the features recited in claim 1. An embodiment of the present invention provides a recording apparatus in which various conditions of the apparatus can be detected, and in which the various sensors for detection are not indiscriminately arranged, so that the servicing operation and the assembling operations are made easier. In the accompanying drawings:- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an entire ink jet printer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a side view of a carriage and an ink cartridge in the apparatus of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a somewhat schematic view illustrating a transparent type sensor. Figure 4 is a somewhat schematic perspective view illustrating an operation of detecting means. Figure 5 is a control flow chart of detecting means shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the ink jet printer. Figures 7A and 7B are flow charts illustrating control operation shown in Figure 6. Figure 8 is a somewhat schematic perspective view illustrating an operation of the detecting means according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is a flow chart illustrating an operation of the detecting means shown in Figure 8. Figures 10 and 11 are sectional views illustrating detection of absence of the recording sheet according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 is a somewhat schematic perspective view illustrating an operation of the detecting means shown in Figure 11. Figure 13 is a somewhat schematic view illustrating a reflection type sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 is a perspective view illustrating an operation of the sensor shown in Figure 13. Figure 15 is a flow chart illustrating an operation of the detecting means shown in Figure 14. Figures 16 and 17 are a perspective view and a partial side view of a conventional ink jet printer. Figure 18 is a sectional view of a recording apparatus equipped with an automatic sheet feeder (ASF). Figures 19 and 20 are perspective view illustrating a driving gear switching mechanism, according to another aspect of the present invention. Figures 21A illustrates a driving gear switching mechanism for the mechanism shown in Figures 19 and 20. Figure 21B illustrates in detail a slide gear shaft used in the mechanism of Figure 21A. Figures 22A, 22B and 22C illustrate engagement between a carriage and a cap carrier, according to an aspect of the present invention. Figure 23 is a perspective view showing a modified gear teeth in a driving gear switching mechanism, according to an aspect of the present invention. Figures 24A, 24B, 25A and 25B illustrate a mechanism for detecting an ink cassette, wherein Figures 24A and 25A show it before the ink cassette is loaded into the apparatus; and Figure 24B and 25B show the ink cassette after it is loaded. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, an ink jet printer is taken, similarly to the description of the conventional apparatus, and therefore, in Figures 1 - 15, the same reference numerals as in Figures 16 and 17 are assigned, and the detailed description thereof are omitted for simplicity. Figures 1 - 7 illustrate detecting means for an ink jet printer according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ink jet printer illustrating the general arrangement thereof. Figure 2 is a side view of a carriage and an ink cartridge of the ink jet printer. Figure 3 is a somewhat schematic top plan view to illustrate an operational principle of a transparent type sensor of detecting means used in this embodiment. Figure 4 is a perspective view illustrating a fundamental operation of the detecting means. Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating control steps for the detecting means. Figure 6 shows a relationship between a position of the carriage having the detecting means and various operations. Figures 7A and 7B are flow charts illustrating the control steps. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an ink jet recording head 1 is mounted on a carriage 2 which is movable along a guide shaft 3 while the ejection side of the head 1 is being faced to a platen 4. To the platen 4, a recording sheet 6 is supplied by rotation of a friction roller 5, so that the recording head 1 effects recording on the recording sheet 6. The carriage 2 has an integrally formed spring member 2a which is slidably engaged with a rail 7a disposed on a paper guide 7. By the engagement of the spring member 2a with the rail 7a, the carriage 2 is urged in a rotational direction about the guiding shaft 3. The carriage 2 is provided with an abutment portion 2b at its platen side. By the rotational urging by the spring member 2a, the abutment portion 2b is abutted to a sheet confining plate 8. As will be understood, the carriage 2 travels while the abutment portion 2b is in sliding contact with the sheet confining plate 8, and therefore, the ink jet recording head 1 is maintained spaced from the recording sheet 6 with a predetermined gap. Therefore, a stabilized recording operation is possible. Adjacent a rear side of the ink jet recording head 1, electric contacts are provided to receive recording signals. The contacts are electrically connected to a head connector 9. The head connector 9 is mounted on a head print board 10. The head print board 10 is electrically connected with an unshown print board by an unshown head cable. The carriage 2 is also provided with a home position sensor 11 in the form of a light transparent type sensor and a sheet width detecting sensor 12 in the form of a light reflection type sensor. The home position sensor 11 functions to discriminate various conditions in the recording apparatus. The sheet width detecting sensor 12 functions to detect a width of the recording sheet 6 by the difference in the light reflection from the recording sheet 6 and from the other portion. A cap of recovery means is mounted on a recovering means moving portion 14. Together with the movement of the recovering means moving portion 14 along the recovering means shaft 15, the cap 13 is moved toward and away from an ink ejection side of the ink jet recording head 1 by way of movement of a cam 16 disposed behind the cap 14, so that the capping state and non-capping-state are selectively established. The leftward movement of the recovery means moving portion 14 in Figure 1 is provided by engagement of an arm 17 of the recovering means with a projection 2c of the carriage 2 when the carriage is moved to the left. On the other hand, the movement of the recovering means moving portion 14 to the right is effected by urging force to the right by a spring 18. Designated by a reference numeral 19 is a switchable transmission gear train which establishes different transmission pads to switch the transmission in accordance with positions of the carriage 2 and the recovery means moving portion 14. More particularly, the driving force of the feed motor 21 is transmitted to an intermediate feed gear 20 through the transmission gear train 19 to rotate the friction roller 5. On the other hand, the driving force of the feed motor 21 is transmitted to the pump gear 22 through the gear train 19 to rotate the pump cam 23 formed integrally, by which the pump 24 is driven. Within the movable region of the ink jet recording head 1, and at a position adjacent to the gap 13, absorbing means 25 and a wiper 26 are provided. When the recording head 1 is moved, the absorbing means 25 absorbs water droplet or the like on the surface of the recording head at the ejection side, and the wiper 26 removes dust or residual ink thereon. Adjacent the left-hand end in the recording head movable region, a cartridge guide 28 is disposed, along which an ink cartridge 27 is mounted into or dismounted from the apparatus, during which a needle 29 fixed on the cartridge guide 28 pierces the cartridge or is pulled out therefrom. The ink in the ink cartridge 27 is supplied to the ink jet recording head 1 through an unshown ink tube. On the cartridge guide 28, a home position detecting flag 30 is mounted at a fixed position to determine a position of the carriage 2. The home position flag 30 is disposed at a slit of the home position sensor 11 of the carriage 2, by the movement of the carriage 2. By this, the home position is detected. Similarly, to the left, in Figure 1, of the home position detecting flag 30 on the cartridge guide 28, there is an ink cartridge detecting flag 31. When the ink cartridge 27 is inserted on the cartridge guide 28, a projection 28b of an ink cartridge lever 28a formed integrally with the cartridge guide 28 is pressed, by which the ink cartridge lever 28a is resiliently flexed, and therefore, its leading end 28c is moved backwardly. By this, a cam 31a of the ink cartridge detecting flag 31 is urged upwardly, and similarly, the ink cartridge detecting flag 31 is rotated about the shaft 31b of the flag 31, so that the flag 31c is unset (laid down). As a result, when the flag 31c is set (upright), the home position sensor 11 is switched from its on-state to off-state by the movement of the carriage 2, so that the absence of the ink cartridge 27 is detected. The home position detecting flag 32 for the recovery means is mounted for rotation about a pivot 32a disposed behind the cartridge guide 28 in Figure 1. The detecting flag 32 has a flag portion 32c and a lever portion 32b formed at a position across the pivot 32a from flag portion 32c. When the lever portion 32b is lowered by a pump cam projection 23a of the pump cam 23, the flag portion 32c is set into a moving path of the carriage 2. By this, the sensor 11 and the flag portion 32c are engaged by the movement of the carriage 2, and therefore, it is detected that the recovering means is at its home position. If it is not at the home position, the flag portion 32c is not set, and therefore, the recovery means is not detected. The home position sensor 11 used in this embodiment is a light transmitting type sensor, as shown in Figure 3. Normally, the light emitted from an emitting element 33 is received by a light receiving element 34, so that the sensor is in the on-state. When the flag is set into the slit, the light emitted from the emitting element 33 is blocked, so that the electric current through the light receiving element 34 is stopped (sensor becomes off-state), so that the presence of the flag can be detected. Referring to Figures 4 and 5, an example of control for detecting various conditions will be described. Figure 5 is a flow chart of initial processing steps in the ink jet printer. As shown in Figure 4, the home position detecting fixed flag 30, the ink cartridge detecting flag 31 and the recovering means home position detecting flag 32 are disposed in the order named from the right-hand side of Figure 4. In order to detect the home position detecting flag 30 to detect the initial position of the recording head 1 at first, the carriage 2 is moved to the right in Figure 4 through a distance not less than (L1+L2) at step S51, and thereafter, the carriage 2 is moved to the left at step S52. Then, at step S53, the carriage 2 is moved while discriminating the whether the flag is detected or not. When the flag is detected, it is discriminated that the first detected flag is the home position detecting fixed flag 30. At step S54, the position is stored as a home position A. Then, at step S55, the carriage 2 is moved to the left from the home position A through a distance which is approximately (L1+L2), by which the home position sensor 11 is moved to a position C in the Figure, that is, the position where the flag portion 32c of the recovery means home position detecting flag 32 can be detected. Here, the carriage 2 is retained at the current position C, and the pump cam 23 is rotated at the next step S56. By the rotation, the flag portion 32c of the recovery means home position detecting flag 32 is detected (step S57), and then, the position is stored as the home position of the pump cam 23 at step S58. After the initial operation is completed, the carriage 2 and the pump cam 23 are controlled on the basis of the stored home positions by movement or rotation through known degrees with the reference of the home positions. When the carriage 2 is moved until the home position sensor 11 reaches the position B, the state of the home position sensor 11 is checked, by which the discrimination is made as to whether or not the ink cartridge 27 is mounted. In the ink jet printer of the first embodiment of the present invention, a carriage motor (CR motor) is used to move the carriage 2 with reference to the home position of the recording head 1. Figure 6 shows the relationship between the step numbers of the carriage motor (angular position) and the operations corresponding thereto. Figures 7A and 7B are flow charts illustrating the control steps performed on the basis of the positions of the carriage 2 from the initial operation of the ink jet printer to the first column recording. The carriage motor (CR motor) is provided with an encoder for detecting the rotational position thereof. The flow charts will be described. At steps S701, S702 and S703, the carriage motor is rotated through 50 steps while checking an output of the encoder at each of the steps, by which the carriage 2 is moved to the right (as seen in Figure 6). When the carriage 2 before the initial processing is within 50 steps from the right end of the apparatus, the carriage 2 stops by abutment to the right end, and therefore, the carriage motor is no longer rotated with the result of unchanged output of the encoder. In this case, the reverse drive of the carriage motor is terminated at this time, and the operation proceeds in the manner similar to the case in which the 50 step movement is completed. Next, at steps S704 and S705, the carriage motor is rotated in the forward direction one by one step, so that the carriage 2 moved to the left until the home position sensor 11 detects the home position detecting flag 30, and when the flag 30 is detected, the position at this time is stored as the home position at step S706. At steps S707 and S708, the carriage motor is rotated forwardly through 11 steps to move the carriage 2 to an ink cartridge detecting position, where the state of the home position sensor 11 is checked. When the flag portion 31c of the ink cartridge detecting flat 31 is detected, that is, when the sensor 11 is in off-state, it is discriminated that the ink cartridge 27 is not mounted, and the operation flow branches out to an error routine for the case of the absence of the ink cartridge. When the flag portion 31c is not detected, that is, when the sensor 11 is in on-state, it is discriminated that the ink cartridge 27 is mounted, and the subsequent steps are executed. At step S709, the carriage motor is rotated in the forward direction through 37 steps further, so that the carriage 2 is moved to the pump operating position. At this position, the transmission path of the switchable transmission gear train 19 is for the pump gear 22, and therefore, the rotation of the feed motor 21 (LF motor) rotates the pump cam 23 through the pump gear 22. While the carriage 2 is being retained at this position, the state of the home position sensor 11 is detected at step S710. When the flag portion 32c of the recovery means home position detecting flag 32 is detected, that is, when the sensor 11 is in the off-state, the feed motor 21 is once reversely rotated at step S712, S713 and S714 to establish the state of no flag portion (32c detection). After this state is established, or when the flag portion 32c is not detected at the step S710, the feed motor 21 is rotated in the forward direction at steps S714 and S715. The position where the home position sensor 11 detects the recovery means home position detecting flag 32 is stored as the home position of the recovery means. Further, at steps S716 - S721, the feed motor is rotated forward further with reference to the home position of the recovery means while the carriage 2 is retained at the position, and a series of recovery operations is performed, which includes a forced air supply operation, a sucking operation, a sucking state retaining operation and an idle sucking operation. Then, at steps S722 - S725, the carriage motor is rotated reversely through 21 steps to return the carriage 2 to the LF (line feed) operating position, by which the transmission path of the switchable transmission gear train 19 is switched to the intermediate feed gear 20. Then, the feed motor 21 is rotated reversely and forwardly, the adverse affect of the backlash of the gear is removed by shifting to one side. Thereafter, the recording operation is started at step S726 from the position after 88 step reverse rotation of the carriage motor. Figures 8 and 9 are somewhat schematic perspective view of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a flow chart illustrating the operation thereof. Figure 8 is similar to Figure 4, that is different from Figure 4 in that the home position detecting fixed flag 30 has a width Wa which is different from a width Wb of the recovery means home position detecting flag 32 and of the ink cartridge detecting flag 31. In Figure 8, the width Wa is smaller than the width Wb. In Figure 4, the home position detecting flag 30 is required to be at the right end. However, in this embodiment, the position of the home position detecting fixed flag 30 may be at any position relative to the ink cartridge detecting flag 31 and the recovery means home position detecting flag 32. In Figure 8, the home position detecting fixed flag 30 is between the ink cartridge detecting flag 31 and the recovery means home position detecting flag 32. Referring to the flow chart of Figure 9, the initial operation of the ink jet printer of Figure 8 will be described. First, at step S101, the carriage 2 is moved through a distance not less than L2 to the right (as seen in Figure 8). Next, at step S102, the carriage 2 is moved to the left while monitoring by the home position sensor 11 to detect the position where the flag is switched from the non-detection state to the detection state. At step S103, the flag is detected, and then, the carriage is moved further to the left from the detection position (S104) through a predetermined distance which is not less than the width Wa approximately and not more than the width Wb to confirm the detection by the home position sensor 11. At step S105, the discrimination is made as to whether the width of the flag is Wa or Wb. If it is Wb, it is discriminated that the detected flag is the flag portion 31c of the ink cartridge detecting flag 31. Then, the operation returns to the step S102 through the step S106 to move the carriage to the left. If the width of the flag is Wa, the detected flag is discriminated as being the home position detecting flag 30. Then, at step S107, the current position is stored as the home position B. Subsequently, at steps S108 - S111, the carriage 2 is moved further to the left through a distance approximately L2, and the initial operation of the pump cam is performed. Figures 10 - 12 show a third embodiment of the present invention. Figures 10 and 11 are sectional views for illustrating the operation of a flag 36 for detecting absence of the recording sheet in this embodiment. Figure 12 is a somewhat schematic perspective view illustrating the structure of the detecting means used in this embodiment. Figure 10 shows the state in which there is no recording sheet; and Figure 11 shows the state in which the recording sheet 6 is loaded. When the recording sheet 6 is not supplied, or when the trailing edge of the recording sheet 6 passes by a lever 37, the sheet absence lever 37 is not prevented from counterclockwise rotation in this Figure about the pivot 37a, and therefore, the sheet absence detecting flag 36 rotates in the clockwise direction about the pivot 36b by the weight of the flag portion 36a of the sheet absence detecting flag 36, by which the sheet absence lever 37 is raised by its rotation about the pivot 37a. In this state, the flag portion 36a of the sheet absence detecting flag 36 is out of the slit of the home position sensor 11. As shown in Figure 11, when the recording sheet 6 is supplied to between the friction roller 5 and the pinch roller 39 along the paper pan 38, the sheet absence lever 37 is lowered by the recording sheet 6. By the lowering of the sheet absence lever 37, the sheet absence detecting flag 36 is rotated clockwisely about the pivot 36b, and therefore, the flag portion 36a is inserted into the slit of the home position sensor 11. As shown in Figure 12, the sheet absence detecting flag 36 has the flag portion 36a having a width larger than those of the other three flags. By this, the detection is possible only when the sheet is fed when the carriage is within a range D in the Figure at the time of the trailing edge detection of the recording sheet 6, and therefore, the carriage position is not limited when the sheet is fed. Figures 13 - 15 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein a light reflection type sensor is used to detect various states. Figure 13 schematically shows the structure of a sheet width detecting sensor 12 of a light reflection type. When the refractive index of the objects 40 to be detected is high, the light emitted from the light emitting element 33 is detected by the light receiving element. When it is low, the light from the light emitting element 33 does not reach the light receiving element, and therefore, no current flows through the light receiving element. As shown in Figure 14, along the moving path of the sheet width detecting sensor 12 and within a region adjacent to the left of the recording region in which the recording sheet 6 is fed, there are provided a home position detecting fixed reflecting plate 41 having a width a and an ink cartridge detecting reflecting plate 42 having a width b, and movable upwardly and downwardly in accordance with mounting and dismounting of the ink cartridge, respectively. The surfaces of the home position detecting fixed reflecting plate 41 and the ink cartridge detecting reflecting plate 42 are coated in such that a white level (high reflective index) similarly to the recording sheet 6. On the contrary, the portion hatched in this Figure, that is, the surface of the platen 4, for example, has a surface such that the black level (low refractive index) is provided thereby. Figure 15 is a flow chart illustrating the initial processing in the ink jet printer. At step S161, the carriage is first moved to the right, as seen in Figure 15, through a predetermined distance. Then, at step S162, the carriage is moved to the left, while monitoring by the sheet width detecting sensor 12, to look for the white level position. At step S163, the white level is detected, and then, at steps S164, S165 and S166, the leftward movement is continued until the black level is detected, while counting a distance counter (not shown). By this, the white level width is counted, and at step S167, the discrimination is made as to whether the width is a or not. If the width is not a , the detected white level is not that of the home position detecting fixed reflecting plate 41, and therefore, the operation returns to the step S162, and the leftward movement of the carriage 2 is further continued. If the width is a , the position is stored as a home position A at step S168. Thereafter, the presence or absence of the ink cartridge or the like can be detected by moving the carriage through a known degree with reference to the home position. According to the structure and control in the first, second, third and fourth embodiment, the wiring for the detection of various conditions of the apparatus is only for the sensor 11 or for the sensor 12 on the carriage. The wiring can be disposed on the head print board of the carriage. Therefore, the results of the sensing can be transmitted to the print board through the head cable in a single route. Further, a single sensor may be enough for functioning as the home position sensor, the ink cartridge detection sensor, the recovery means home position sensor and the like. In the foregoing embodiments, the conditions of the recording apparatus to be detected are the presence or absence of the ink cartridge, the presence or absence of the recording sheet and the home position of the recovering means. However, the conditions to be detected may be another. For example, the condition to be detected includes the presence or absence of a font cartridge, the open or close state of a cover. By increasing the number of detecting flags, the detection may be effected by a single sensor. In the foregoing embodiments, the detecting means are for the ink jet printer, but the embodiments are applicable to the other type recording apparatus if the recording operation is effected while a carriage is moved. As will be understood from the foregoing description, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the various conditions of the apparatus can be detected together with the movement of the recording head, and the detection signals may be transmitted through the same wiring path for driving the recording head. As a result, the servicing and assembling of the apparatus are made easier. In addition, the various conditions can be discriminated using a minimum number of detecting elements, and therefore, the number of the detecting elements can be reduced with the result of significant reduction of the cost. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the flag is inserted into or retracted from the detection path of the detecting element. The flag is inserted or retracted in association with the ink cassette. The structure suitable for such an ink cassette will be described. In the case where the ink cassette 27 is mounted into the apparatus, when the attempt is made to retain the ink cassette at a predetermined position with a more or less tolerable margin, the flag 31 may displace to such a position as to obstruct the movement of the carriage, when it is mounted. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the ink cassette is provided with tapered portion at the two upper corner of which are leading when it is inserted into the apparatus. Two stopper members 84 are provided at positions continuing from the taper. In a cover for the ink cassette mounting at a side of the upper paper guide 7, there are two projections 86 at upper corners. The projections 86 permit passage of the tapered portion of the ink cassette, but prevents it when they are engaged with the stoppers 84. The position of engagement between the projections and the stoppers 84 is such that the flag 31c is outside the movable region of the carriage 2 so that the carriage movement is not obstructed, when the ink cassette 27 acts on the ink cartridge lever portion 28a. In addition, the engaging position is so determined that the flag 31c is out of contact with the sensor 11, but is assuredly in the clearance formed in the sensor 11. Therefore, the ink cartridge 27 can assuredly supply the ink, and simultaneously, a member insertable into and retractable from the movement path of a movable detecting element such as a flag 31 is prevented from being inserted beyond a predetermined position. Referring to Figures 18 - 23, major parts of the recording apparatus of Figure 1 will be described. As shown in Figure 18, the fixed platen 4 functions to retain the recording sheet 6 with a predetermined clearance from the ejection side surface of the recording head 1. The feed roller 5 functions to feed the recording sheet 6. The pinch roller 66 is press-contacted to the feed roller 5 to be driven by the feed roller 5 and to form a nip between the feed roller 5 and the pinch roller 66 to feed the recording sheet 6 through the nip. A pinch roller holder 83 functions to provide the press-contact force to the pinch roller 66. It is made of stainless steel plate or the like, and the spring force thereof is effective to urge the pinch roller 66 to the feed roller 5. The recording sheet 6 supplied by the feed roller 5 and the pinch roller 66 is retained by the fixed platen 4 inclined backwardly at approximately 30 degrees, and therefore, it is easy to watch the print. The recording sheet 6 on which the recording operation has been performed is gripped by a discharging roller 62 and a roller 63 press-contacted thereto, and then is discharged to a stacker 61. Figure 18 shows the apparatus of Figure 1 under the condition that an outer cover 64 and an automatic sheet feeding device (ASF) are provided. The recording sheet may be supplied manually at the front side, and recording sheet may be supplied by the rear ASF 60. If a pin feed tractor 67 is used, continuous paper is usable. The fixed platen 4 may be provided with a heater at its back side, by which the ink which is not easily dried can be used. The description will be made as to the ink supplying system, the recovery system and the sheet feeding system. Those systems are disposed concentratedly at the left side of the recording range of Figure 1. By doing so, the drive transmission mechanisms are simplified, and the space required thereby is reduced. In addition, the driving source is used for various purposes. The feed motor 21 is the driving source. As will be described hereinafter, the feed motor 21 functions to drive the feed roller 5, the discharge roller 62 and the ASF 60, and in addition, it can operate the recovery system through a series of recovering operation. The recovery device, as described in conjunction with Figure 1, comprises a cap 13, a cap carrier for carrying the cap 13, a cap guide shaft 15 for guiding the gap carrier 13A carrying the cap 13, a rail for moving the cap member 13 to the ink ejection side 1A of the recording head, a spring 18 for urging the right side initial position the cap member 13, a pump 24 for sucking the ink. In the recovery operation, after the capping is effected, a vacuum is produced in the cap 13 by driving the pump 24 with which the cap 13 communicates through an unshown tube, so that the ink is sucked through the nozzle of the recording head 1. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, the switching mechanism for the feed motor 20 will be described. In Figure 19, a reference numeral 68 designates an idler gear for transmitting the driving force from the feed motor 20 to a drive gear 70 supported on a slidable gear shaft 69. The slidable gear shaft 69 has a "D" shaped cross-section, and a slidable gear 71 slidable together with the slidable gear shaft 69 is supported on the slidable gear shaft 69 by a sliding holder 72. The sliding holder 72, as shown in Figure 20, is provided with forked legs 72A extending downwardly. The legs 72A are engaged with a channel-like member 74 supported in parallel with the gear shaft 69 by a frame 73, by which together with the movement of the legs 72a along the channel 74, the sliding gear 71 moves together with the sliding holder 72. A second arm 13C is projected from the cap carrier 13A to the channel like member 74, and a leaf spring 13D is supported on an end of the second arm 13C. The leaf spring 13D is gripped between the forked legs 72A of the sliding holder 72. As will be described hereinafter, when the gap 13 is moved to the left by the engagement with the carriage 2, the sliding holder 72 is moved in the same direction through the leaf spring 13D, the sliding gear 71 is maintained at the position corresponding to the cap 13. The gear train 19 having module meshable with the sliding gear 71 is supported by the frame 73 above the sliding gear 71, as shown in Figure 20. Disposed at the most light of the gear train 19, are sheet feeding gears 79 including a large gear 80A and a small gear 80B. The large gear 80A is meshed with the sliding gear 71, and the small gear 88B is meshed with the discharging roller gear 62A through the idler gear 20. The feed roller 7 and the discharging roller 62 may be rotated in the forward and backward direction through the feed gear 75 and the discharging roller gear 62 by the feed motor 21 under the condition that the sliding gear 71 is meshed with the sheet feeding output gear 79. Referring to Figure 20, the ASF output gear 78 has the same number of teeth and the same module as the coaxial large gear 80A. It is meshable with the sliding gear 71 depending on the position of the sliding gear 71, and is meshed with the input gear 60A of the ASF 60. Therefore, under the condition that the sliding gear 71 is meshed with the output gear 78 of the ASF 60, the input gear 60A may be rotated in the forward or backward direction. For example, the sheet may be fed by the ASF 60 by its forward rotation, and by the reverse rotation, a more complicated functional operation can be performed such as selection from first and second bins. A pump output gear 17 disposed at the most left of the gear train 19 in Figure 20, is meshed with the sliding gear 71 at the most left position, as shown in Figure 21A (chain lines), and one of the pump output gears 77 is meshed with a driving gear 31A for the pump cam 23. Therefore, when the sliding gear 71 is moved to such a position, the feed motor 21 drives the pump cam 23, and the cam 23 causes the pump 24 to effect the pumping action. As described in the foregoing, depending on the stop position of the carriage 2, the driving force of the feed motor 21 can be transmitted through the sliding gear 71 selectively to a sheet feed output gear 79, an ASF output gear 78 and the pump output gear 77. Together with the movement of the carriage 2 to the left outside the recording region, the cap carrier 13A is moved, depending on the position of the carriage 2. Together with the movement of the cap carrier 13A, the slide gear 71 is meshed with the above output gears. The operation will be described. In the switching operation of the output gear, the leaf spring 13D connected between the cap carrier 13A and the sliding holder 72 functions as a buffer. When the carriage 2 moves to the left from the right recording region in Figure 1 to the position shown in Figure 22A and further to the position shown in Figure 22B, the recording head 1 is engaged with the arm 13B of the cap carrier 13A, and thereafter, the cap carrier 13A is now movable along the guiding shaft 15. In Figures 22A - 22C, (A) - (D) indicate four positions which can be taken by the cap carrier 13A together with the sliding holder 72 and the sliding gear 71 while carrying the cap 13. In the positions (A) - (C), as shown in Figure 22C, for example, the cap 13 is pushed toward the recording head 1 by an operating arm 13E of the cap 13 guided along the rail 81. The position D is a waiting position before the sheet feeding during the recording operation. As shown in Figure 22C, when the carriage 2 is at the position D, the sliding gear 71 is meshed with the sheet feeding output gear 79, although the meshing engagement is not shown in the Figure. With this state, the sheet can be fed by the motor 21. At the position D, the recording head is faced to the cap, wherein the preliminary ejection not performing the recording operation can be performed in response to the electric signal to the electrothermal transducers of the recording head. In this embodiment, the preliminary ejection is performed at the start of the printing operation and the recording operation is continuously performed for one minute. When the carriage 2 is moved to the left beyond the position D, the sliding gear 71 becomes out of engagement with the sheet feeding output gear 79 at the position B, and is engaged with the ASF output gear 78. However, in this case, if the teeth are not meshed with each other, the proper meshing engagement with the ASF output gear 78 is not established. However, the cap carrier 13A is forced to the position corresponding to the position (B), upon which the difference in the movement distances due to the mismatch of the teeth is absorbed by the flexible leaf spring 13D. When the feed motor 21 is driven thereafter, the sliding gear 71 is driven through the driving gear 70, as shown in Figure 3, by which the proper engagement is established when the teeth are matched, and therefore, the ASF output gear 78 can be driven. For example, immediately after the sheet is fed while the sliding gear 71 is in meshing engagement with the sheet feeding output gear 79, the teeth of these gears are in firm engagement, and therefore, they are not easily disengaged from each other due to the friction therebetween. Even in this case, the firm engagement state is temporarily maintained by the flexible leaf spring 13D, and then, the feed motor 21 is reversely rotated to remove the frictional strong engagement between the teeth. The position (A) is a position for performing the recovery operation such as pumping operation or the like. Figure 22C shows this. With this state, the sliding gear 44 can be meshed with the pump output gear 32. As shown in Figure 21A, the pump 24 can be driven through the pump cam 23 by one of the gears 77A. The position (C) is a position for waiting with the recording head 1 being capped. The sheet can be fed even under this condition. Figure 23 shows the gear teeth of the sliding gear 71 and the gears in the gear train 19 meshable with the sliding gear 71. They are rounded at the teeth tips 82 smoothly for the smooth switching engagement with the sliding gear 71. As described in the foregoing, according to the structure described in conjunction with Figures 18 - 23, there are provided a train of plural gear arranged in parallel along a movement direction of the carriage and driven by a sheet feeding driving source, and a gear member for meshing engagement with a selected one of the plural gears depending on the position of the carriage outside the recording region, wherein the sheet can be fed when the gear member is meshed with one of the gears of the gear train; and an operation other than the sheet feed is possible when the gear member is meshed with another one of the plural gears. Therefore, plural desired operation can be performed selectively using a single driving source. Thus, the cost can be significantly reduced; both of the forward and backward rotation of the driving source can be used; and therefore, the latitude in the operation can be increased. In addition, the number of operations performed with the single driving force can be easily increased or reduced by increasing or decreasing the number of gears of the gear train. If it is combined with the cap moving mechanism, the capping or the recovery operations can be interrelatedly performed. Figures 24 and 25 show a compact ink cassette detecting structure. Where a protection member for protection from the needle or needles are provided, the size of the device is increased due to the necessity of the provisions of the presence or absence detecting circuit for the ink cartridge and switching members therefore. Figures 24A, 24B, 25A and 25B illustrate the structure for eliminating such inconveniences, and the size of the entire apparatus can be reduced. The structure of this embodiment is replaceable with the ink cassette detecting structure using the flag of Figure 1. In this embodiment, an openable protection plate made of electrically conductive material is provided around the needles 29 for connecting the ink cartridge with the recording apparatus. The protection plate openable in association with insertion of the ink cartridge. Upon completion of the insertion of the ink cartridge, the protection plate completes the circuit in the ink cartridge presence or absence detecting circuit means, by which the presence of the ink cartridge can be detected. The electrically conductive portion may be only at the switching portion or portions. Figure 24 best shows the protection member and the needle. The ink cartridge 27 is detachably mountable to be pierced by a needle 29 communicating with the recording head through an ink supply tube, when the ink cartridge is correctly mounted. A needle covering plate 91 is hinged for rotation at its one end and is provided with a window 91A adjacent the tip end of the needle. The hinge of the covering plate 91 is provided with a twisted coil spring to urge the covering plate 91 toward the tip end of the needle. A pawl is effective to lock the covering plate 91. When there is no cartridge, the opening and closing of the covering plate 91 is prevented. Two electrodes 88 and 89 constitute a part of a circuit 90 for detecting the presence of the ink cartridge 3 at the rear side. When the ink cartridge 27 is inserted in the direction indicated by an arrow, the pawl 87 is pushed by a side of the cartridge to release the locking of the needle cover. The needle cover 91 now free to rotate is directly pressed by the cartridge 27 and is rotated backwardly while exposing the tip end of the needle through the window 91A. The needle 29 then engages the ink cartridge, and an end of the needle cover 91 is brought into contact with the electrodes 88 and 89. The needle cover 91 having the electrically conductive portion now short-circuits the detecting circuit 90 to reduce the electric resistance from infinity to several milli-ohm., the reduction is detected as the presence of the cartridge. The circuit 90 may be such as to detect the resistance change, and another change, and the change of the resistance may be from the large side to the small side, or from the small side to the large side. When the ink cartridge 27 is retracted, the needle cover 91 is pushed to the front by the coil spring together with the retraction of the cartridge, and then, it is locked by the paw] 87 now reset. With this state, the tip end of the needle can be protected when foreign matter is inserted, and in addition, even if a hand of an operator is erroneously inserted, it can be protected from the damage. Figures 25A and 25B are perspective views of the similar structure but for the case of plural ink cartridges used. The ink cartridge 27A includes three difference color ink containers, and an ink cartridge 27B contains one color ink. Correspondingly, the main assembly of the recording apparatus is provided with three needles 29 for the ink cartridge 27A and a needle cover 94 having the corresponding three windows, and one needle 29 for the ink cartridge 27B, and a needle cover 93 having a corresponding single window. The ink cartridges 27A and 27B is provided with pawls 87A and 87B corresponding to the paw] 87 of Figure 24A. When plural ink cartridges 27A and 27B are to be inserted, the two electrodes 88 and 89 of the ink cartridge presence or absence detecting circuit are constituted by the needle covers 93 and 94 made of electrically conductive material. A common electrode 95 is effective to contact the needle cover 23 and the needle cover 94 when both of the cartridges 27A and 27B are inserted. In this case, the conductive portion of the plates 93 and 94 may be formed only at the circuit completing portion. As described in the foregoing, according to this embodiment, the needle protection plate which is opened only when the ink cartridges inserted is made of electrically conductive material, and therefore, the presence of the cartridge can be detected upon completion of the cartridge insertion, so that the number of parts of the switches or the like can be reduced, and therefore, the cost can be decreased. By the elimination of the necessity of the switches or the like, the required space can be reduced. In addition, the problem of erroneous detecting operation due to dissolved air in the ink when the presence or absence of the ink cartridge and/or the ink cartridge due to the change in the resistance through the ink, can be solved by the circuit completed by the mechanical contact. The present invention is particularly suitably usable in a bubble jet recording head and recording apparatus developed by Canon Kabushiki Kaisha, Japan. This is because, the high density of the picture element, and the high resolution of the recording are possible. The typical structure and the operational principle of preferably the one disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,723,129 and 4,740,796. The principle is applicable to a so-called on-demand type recording system and a continuous type recording system particularly however, it is suitable for the on-demand type because the principle is such that at least one driving signal is applied to an electrothermal transducer disposed on a liquid (ink) retaining sheet or liquid passage, the driving signal being enough to provide such a quick temperature rise beyond a departure from nucleation boiling point, by which the thermal energy is provide by the electrothermal transducer to produce film boiling on the heating portion of the recording head, whereby a bubble can be formed in the liquid (ink) corresponding to each of the driving signals. By the development and collapse of the the bubble, the liquid (ink) is ejected through an ejection outlet to produce at least one droplet. The driving signal is preferably in the form of a pulse, because the development and collapse of the bubble can be effected instantaneously, and therefore, the liquid (ink) is ejected with quick response. The driving signal in the form of the pulse is preferably such as disclosed in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,463,359 and 4,345,262. In addition, the temperature increasing rate of the heating surface is preferably such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,313,124. The structure of the recording head may be as shown in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,558,333 and 4,459,600 wherein the heating portion is disposed at a bent portion in addition to the structure of the combination of the ejection outlet, liquid passage and the electrothermal transducer as disclosed in the above-mentioned patents. In addition, the present invention is applicable to the structure disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. 123670/1984 wherein a common slit is used as the ejection outlet for plural electrothermal transducers, and to the structure disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 138461/1984 wherein an opening for absorbing pressure wave of the thermal energy is formed corresponding to the ejecting portion. This is because, the present invention is effective to perform the recording operation with certainty and at high efficiency irrespective of the type of the recording head. The present invention is effectively applicable to a so-called full-line type recording head having a length corresponding to the maximum recording width. Such a recording head may comprise a single recording head and a plural recording head combined to cover the entire width. In addition, the present invention is applicable to a serial type recording head wherein the recording head is fixed on the main assembly, to a replaceable chip type recording head which is connected electrically with the main apparatus and can be supplied with the ink by being mounted in the main assembly, or to a cartridge type recording head having an integral ink container. The provision of the recovery means and the auxiliary means for the preliminary operation are preferable, because they can further stabilize the effect of the present invention. As for such means, there are capping means for the recording head, cleaning means therefor, pressing or sucking means, preliminary heating means by the ejection electrothermal transducer or by a combination of the ejection electrothermal transducer and additional heating element and means for preliminary ejection not for the recording operation, which can stabilize the recording operation. As regards the kinds of the recording head mountable, it may be a single corresponding to a single color ink, or may be plural corresponding to the plurality of ink materials having different recording color or density. The present invention is effectively applicable to an apparatus having at least one of a monochromatic mode mainly with black and a multi-color with different color ink materials and a full-color mode by the mixture of the colors which may be an integrally formed recording unit or a combination of plural recording heads. Furthermore, in the foregoing embodiment, the ink has been liquid. It may be, however, an ink material solidified at the room temperature or below and liquefied at the room temperature. Since in the ink jet recording system, the ink is controlled within the temperature not less than 30 o C and not more than 70 o C to stabilize the viscosity of the ink to provide the stabilized ejection, in usual recording apparatus of this type, the ink is such that it is liquid within the temperature range when the recording signal is applied. In addition, the temperature rise due to the thermal energy is positively prevented by consuming it for the state change of the ink from the solid state to the liquid state, or the ink material is solidified when it is left is used to prevent the evaporation of the ink. In either of the cases, the application of the recording signal producing thermal energy, the ink may be liquefied, and the liquefied ink may be ejected. The ink may start to be solidified at the time when it reaches the recording material. The present invention is applicable to such an ink material as is liquefied by the application of the thermal energy. Such an ink material may be retained as a liquid or solid material on through holes or recesses formed in a porous sheet as disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 56847/1979 and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 71260/1985. The sheet is faced to the electrothermal transducers. The most effective one for the ink materials described above is the film boiling system. The ink jet recording apparatus may be used as an output terminal of an information processing apparatus such as computer or the like, a copying apparatus combined with an image reader or the like, or a facsimile machine having information sending and receiving functions.

Claims: A recording apparatus, comprising: a carriage (2) for carrying a recording head (1) for effecting a recording operation on a recording medium; detectable means (30,31,32) representing operational conditions of said apparatus disposed along a scanning path of said carriage; a sensor (11) on said carriage, for sensing said detectable means; and control means for controlling the recording operation in accordance with the conditions detected by said sensor; characterised in that said detectable means comprises a first member (30) indicative of a home position of said carriage fixed in the scanning path of said carriage, and at least a second member (31 or 32) disposed a predetermined distance away from said first member and movable between a position detectable by said sensor (11) and a position not detectable thereby. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said second member (31) is provided for indicating whether or not an ink cartridge is mounted on said apparatus. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the control means is operable to enable a recording operation to be carried out after mounting of the ink cartridge is detected. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said second member (32) is provided for indicating an initial position of a recovery mechanism. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that a third member (32) is provided for indicating an initial position of a recovery mechanism is provided. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first member (30) is of a different size from the other member or members. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a further member (36) is provided which is moveable between a position detectable by the sensor and a position not detectable by the sensor for indicating whether or not a recording medium is present. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sensor (11) is an optical sensor and the members (30,31,32,36) are arranged to interrupt an optical path to the sensor. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the sensor (11) is an optical sensor and the members (30,31,32,36) are optically reflective members. An apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that transmission gears (19) are provided to be driven by a driving source (21) and arranged in parallel with the movement path of said carriage; said gears being selectable in dependence upon the position of said carriage outside a recording region of said carriage; whereby a feeding operation for the recording medium and an ejection recovery operation are selectively carried out in accordance with the carriage position detected by said sensor. A recording apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that said recording head is adapted to eject a liquid droplet by a bubble formed by thermal energy produced by an electrothermal transducer, and the ejection recovery operation is to move the carriage temporarily to a position where the recording head is positioned opposite capping means, and wherein the electrothermal transducer is supplied with an electric signal to cause the recording head to eject liquid preliminary to the capping means. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised by an ink cartridge (27), an ink supply member (29) to be inserted into said ink cartridge, a protection member (91) for protecting said ink supply member, said supply member being movable and a detecting circuit (88, 89, 90) for detecting mounting of said ink cartridge; wherein said protection member is movable to expose said ink supply member on mounting said ink cartridge, and wherein said protection member functions as a switching member to which said detecting circuit is responsive.

Inventors: FUKAZAWA HIDEO, HASHIMOTO KENICHIROU, HIRAMATSU SOICHI, FUKAZAWA, HIDEO, HASHIMOTO, KENICHIROU, HIRAMATSU, SOICHI, FUKAZAWA, HIDEO, C/0 CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, HASHIMOTO, KENICHIROU, C/O CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, HIRAMATSU, SOICHI, C/O CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1990
Main classification: B41J21
IPC codes: B41J29, B41J21, B41J2