FLUID DISCHARGE DEVICE

Abstract: This invention relates to a fluid discharge device which includes a valve seat, a valve body urged rearwardly relative to the valve seat and a push member disposed at the back of the valve body in such a manner as to move forwardly against the urging force to the valve body and to open a valve when a forward push force is applied, and wherein the push member is disposed inside a shaft body so that the push force is applied indirectly to the push member through a fluid tank which is fitted removably to the push member. An outward projection portion is disposed on the outer wall of the push member and a recess is formed on the inner wall of the shaft member so that when the projection portion of the push member is positioned to this recess, the fluid discharge device limits the rotation of the push member. The present invention provides also a liquid discharge device wherein if the fluid is a liquid, the push member described above is biased rearwardly so as to form a gap between it and the valve body when the push force is not applied thereto, and an anchor portion to be anchored with the push member is disposed on the shaft member so as to limit the rearward displacement distance of the push member.

Description: The present invention relates to a fluid discharge device according to the preamble of claim 1. Here, examples of the fluid include writing fluids such as bokuju or China ink (black writing fluids), paint and ink, cosmetic fluids such as an eye liner, a lip color, and a nail color, solutions such as a seasoning, machine oil and a cleanser, or suitable powder. Japanese Utility Model Publication 63-19171/1988 which forms the basis for the preamble of independent claim 1, discloses an example of the fluid discharge device of the kind described above. This publication shows a writing instrument of the type which operates a valve body by the push operation of a knock rod to supply ink in an ink storage portion toward a pen body or a nib of the instrument. A cylindrical member is fitted into a shaft cylinder neck portion, a valve seat is formed at the front open portion of the cylindrical member and the valve body is brought into pressure contact and engaged with the valve seat from the front by a spring member. A leg portion of the valve body is loosely fitted into a through-hole of the cylindrical member and faces and comes into contact with the front end of an ink cartridge member fitted loosely into a rear shaft cylinder. A flexible cylinder member is interposed air-tight between the cylindrical member and the ink cartridge member to connect then together, and a small space for extension and contraction of the flexible cylindrical member is formed between the shaft cylinder and the ink cartridge member for the purpose of allowing the forward and rearward movement of the ink cartridge member by the operation of the knock rod at the tail end of the shaft cylinder. In the fluid discharge device having such a valve structure, which uses a fluid tank fitted removably to the push member, the following problems which are not encountered in those fluid discharge devices having no valve structure arise. A first problem is the leakage of the fluid. When the fluid tank is fitted to and removed from the push member, turning force is often applied. As one can understand more easily by imagining the case of fitting and removing of the cartridge of a fountain pen, many users feel that the operation becomes easier by fitting or removing the cartridge while applying the force of "twist". Needless to say, this turning force does not in most cases cause any problem in the case of ordinary fountain pens. In the case of the valve structure described above, however, the application of the turning force to the fluid tank might result in the unnecessary leakage of the fluid. A second problem is variance or unacceptable difference of the feel of the operation. When a plurality of products are produced, the feel of operation varies from product to product. A third problem is the defect of handleability. These problems will be explained further with reference to the device disclosed in the aforementioned publication (63-19171/1988). If the turning force is applied to the main body of the ink cartridge when fitting and removing the main body of the ink cartridge to and from a convex reduced diameter member, this turning force is transmitted to the convex reduced diameter member. Accordingly, the convex reduced diameter member attempts to rotate but since a flexible cylindrical member is fitted to this convex reduced diameter member and this flexible cylindrical member is fitted to a cylindrical member fitted into the shaft cylinder neck portion, the turning force of the convex cylindrical member produces the twist of the flexible cylindrical member. It is true that the flexible cylindrical member may exhibit some flexibility and such a twist might not generate breakage, but the twist force applies an excessive force to the fitting portion with the flexible cylindrical member or to the fitting portion with the flexible cylindrical member or to the fitting portion with the cylindrical member. As a result, even if the flexible cylindrical member is not broken, the first problem of the ink leakage often occurs from these fitting portions. The structure wherein the leg portion of the valve body faces the front end of the ink cartridge causes the second problem in that when a plurality of products are produced, the feel of operation differs remarkably from product to product. For, in order for the leg portion of the valve body to face and come into contact with the front end of the ink cartridge member fitted to the flexible cylindrical member while the valve body is brought into pressure contact and engaged with the valve seat by the spring member, dimensional design must be made so that the flexible cylindrical member is brought into a tensional state where at least a light tension is applied to the flexible cylindrical member by the spring member when the push operation is not made. However, existing dimensional variance must be considered. Therefore, when a plurality of products are produced, variance occurs in this tension. Furthermore, the third problem of inferior handleability occurs from fall-off of the main body of the cartridge from the convex reduced diameter member. In other words, when the main body of the cartridge is removed from the convex reduced diameter member, a tension is further applied to the flexible cylindrical member besides the tension described above and this results in breakage of the flexible cylindrical member, and the like. In this case, "fitting" might permit "removability" and might prevent the above-mentioned breakage of the flexible cylindrical member with reference to the cylindrical shaft neck portion, the cylindrical member, the flexible cylindrical member, the ink cartridge member or the convex reduced diameter member. In this case, however, "fitting" must be made once again when fitting and removal are made between the ink cartridge and the convex reduced diameter member and this becomes troublesome. If fitting and removal between the ink cartridge and the convex reduced-diameter member have weak force, the occurrence of the breakage of the flexible cylindrical member might be avoided, but the problem of the ink leakage becomes severer accordingly. It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems with the prior art technique described above and to provide a novel fluid discharge device for discharging safely and stably a fluid. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fluid discharge device which prevents as much as possible the fluid leakage due to the application of excessive force when a fluid tank is fitted. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a fluid discharge device having stable seal of operation even when a plurality of products are produced. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a fluid discharge device which has exellent handleability and can be used stably for a long period. These objects are achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1. Fig. 1 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the fluid discharge device in accordance with the present invention, Figs. 2 through 13 show respective components shown in Fig. 1, wherein: Fig. 2 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view of a tubular member; Fig. 3 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view of a tip shaft; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a valve body; Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the valve body shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view of bellows; Fig. 7 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view of a pusher; Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along line VIII - VIII of the pusher shown in Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a front shaft; Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view taken along line X - X of the front shaft shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a transverse sectional view taken along line XI - XI of the front shaft shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view of an inner shaft; and Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional view taken along line XIII - XIII of the inner shaft shown in Fig. 12, Fig. 14 is a transverse sectional view taken along line XIV - XIV of the fluid discharge device shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 15 is a partial exploded longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the fluid discharge device in accordance with the present invention. Referring first to Fig. 1 which shows an embodiment of the fluid discharge device, the main body of the fluid discharge device comprises a brush 1 as a nib or a pen body, a tubular member 2, a tip shaft 3, a stopper 4, a pipe 5, a resilient member 6, a valve body 7, bellows 8, a pusher 9, a front shaft 10, an inner shaft 11, a fluid tank 12, a ball 13, a connection shaft 14, a rear shaft 5, a resilient member 16 and a knock buttom 17, and a cap 18 consisting of an outer cap 18a and an inner cap 18b is put to the main body. In other words, the drawing illustrates an example of a painting device, and mutual relation between these members will be explained below. The brush 1 has a flange-like rear end portion 1a. It stores a bundle of suitable natural or synthetic brush hairs. If a thermoplastic synthetic resin fiber is used for the brush, for example, a heated sheet is brought into contact and fused with the rear end of the bundled fiber so that the bundle and the sheet are integrated and the flange-like rear end portion 1a has a portion expanding in the flange-like form. This brush 1 is prevented from falling off by the tubular member 2. The tubular member 2 has a center hole 2a having an intermediate portion whose diameter is somewhat reduced forwardly and a protuberance 2b at the rear end (see Fig. 2). The brush 1 is fitted from the back of the center hole 2a. The protuberance 2b comes into contact with the front surface of the flange-like rear end portion of the brush 1. The protuberance 2b makes easy the deformation of the protuberance 2b itself or the deformation of the portion with which the protuberance 2b at the rear end portion 1b of the brush 1 comes into contact, so that even when any variance of the dimension of components (e.g. dimensional variance of the thickness of the flange-like rear end portion 1b in the longitudinal direction) exists, it is helpful to offset such variance and to fix securely the brush 1. The tubular member 1 is fitted to the tip shaft 3 by press-fit or the like. Although four protuberance 2b are shown in the drawing, the number and shape of the protuberance 2b are arbitrary. The tip shaft 3 has a center hole 3a whose diameter becomes progressively smaller toward the rear end portion 3c as a whole (see Fig. 3). The taper portion 3b at the rearmost portion of the center hole 3a is a seal-contact portion with the valve body 7. In other words, the rear end portion 3c of the tip shaft 3 is a portion of the valve seat. The stopper 4 is anchored to the center hole 3a. The pipe member 5 extending inside the brush 1 is fitted to this stopper 4 and the stopper 4 supports the rear end of the brush 1. Namely, the brush 1 is clamped between the tubular member 2 and the stopper 4 at its rear end portion 1a. The rear wall of the stopper 4 is the support portion of the reslient member such as a coil spring 6. The rear end of the coil spring 6 is anchored to the valve body 7 and biases it rearward. The valve body 7 consists of a front member 7a and a rear member 7b (see Fig. 4). The front member 7a has a taper wall portion 7c whose diameter decreases progressively in the rear direction. The taper wall portion 7c comes into contact with the taper portion 3b of the center hole 3a and establishes the valve closing state shown in Fig. 1. The degrees of taper of the taper wall portion 7c and taper portion 3b (i.e., the degree of decrease of the respective diameter in the rear direction) are such that the degree of taper of the taper wall portion 7c is more gentle than that of the taper portion 3b. In other words, design is made so that the rear end of the taper portion 3b of the center hole 3a of the tip shaft 3 comes peripherally into linear contact with any portion of the surface of the taper wall portion 7c due to variance of the dimension of components. The rear member 7b has an odd-shaped cross-section (see Fig. 5), as will be described presently. The bellows 8 are disposed outside the valve body 7. The bellows 8 have an intermediate portion 8a capable of extending, contracting and deforming self-flexibly (see Fig. 6). The tip portion 8b is fitted to the tip shaft 3 by push-in or like means, and similarly the rear end portion 8c is press-fitted to the pusher 9. The pusher 9 has protuberances 9a and a center hole 9b. Though the number of protuberances is four in the drawing, it may be a suitable number. The through-hole 9b is the passage for a fluid. The components ranging from the brush 1 in the frontmost position to the pusher 9 in the reaward position described above are assembled in advance as a pre-assembly before they are assembled into the state shown in Fig. 1. (Hereinafter this pre-assembly will be referred to as a "nib assembly"). The nib assembly is fitted from before the front shaft 10 and the tip 3 of the nib assembly projects from, and is fixed to, the front shaft 10, and the tip portion 8b of the bellows 8 is clamped between the front shaft 10 and the tip 3. The inner shaft 11 is press-fitted to the rear end of the front shaft 10. Under the state shown in Fig. 1, the pusher 9 is in contact with the inner shaft 11 and the bellows 8 are somewhat contracted from the free length. However, the pusher 9 is out of contact from the rear end of the rear member 7b of the valve body 7 and a space S1 is secured between them. The front shaft 10 has an inner hole 10a whose intermediate portion has a small diameter portion 10b and whose rear portion has a large diameter portion 10c and a recess passage 10d extending to the large diameter portion 10c in the longitudianl direction is formed in the small diameter portion 10b (see Figs. 9 through 11). The recess passage 10d is the portion which serves as a passage for the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9. Though the passage shown in the drawings has the structure wherein the bottom of the recess passage 10d forms a step with respect to the large diameter portion 10c, it is arbitrary and hence, the step can be omitted. A recess portion 10e is disposed along the recess passage 10d in the small diameter portion 10b of the inner hole 10a. The used of an injection molded article of the synthetic resin is assumed for the front shaft 10 as that the thickness of the molded articles is made as uniform as possible in order to attain a desirable resin flow at the time of molding. Accordingly, the step 10f is formed at the boundary between the small diameter portion 10b and large diameter portion 10c of the inner hole 10a except for the recess passage 10d. A projection portion 10g projecting rearward from the step 10f is formed in the large diameter portion 10c of the inner hole 10a. In other words, after the elements of the nib assembly is assembled, the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 passes through the inner hole 10a of the front shaft 10 from the front and through the recess passage 10d of the smaller diameter portion 10b and reaches the large diameter portion 10c but when the nib assembly is rotated thereafter (clockwise with respect to the front shaft 10 when viewed from the front side of the front shaft 10 in this embodiment), the rotation of the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 is restricted at the portion where it strikes the projection portion 10g formed in the large diameter potion 10c. Accordingly, positioning of the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 to a predetermined postion is confirmed by sensing this contact and the nib assembly is fixed to the front shaft 10. (Since the front shaft 10 is not always transparent, the physical contact or touch is often used for confirmation.) In this manner, the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 is positioned at the back of the step 10f between the small diameter portion 10b and large diameter portion 10c of the inner hole 10a. Furthermore, the inner shaft 11 is fitted. The inner shaft 11 has a protuberance 11a at its tip and an odd-shaped portion 11b outside its rear end (see Figs. 12 and 13). The odd-shaped portion 11b fits to the notch 10h which is formed at the rear end of the front shaft 10. In other words, the inner shaft 11 is fitted to the front shaft 10 in a predetermined position relation. Due to this fitting, when the protuberances 11a of the inner shaft 11 are positioned to the large diameter portion 10c of the inner hole 10a of the front shaft 10, they are positioned on both sides of the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 along with the projection portion 10g of the front shaft 10. When the inner shaft 11 is fitted to the front shaft 10, the projection base portion 11c of each protuberance 11a of the inner shaft 11 somewhat pushes forward the protuberance 9a of the pusher and causes its displacement. After the protuberance 9a of the pusher is set in this manner, its both sides are encompassed by the projection portion 10g for restricting rotation and the protuberance 11a, its front is encompassed by the step portion 10f for restricting the advance and its rear portion, by the projection base portion 11c for limiting the retreat. The protuberance 9a is the "outward protuberance" in this embodiment, and it is the "recess" in this embodiment that is formed by the protuberance 10g, the protuberance 11a, the step portion 10f and the projection base portion 11c. (The assembly of the components ranging from the brush 1 to the inner shaft 11 described above will be hereinafter referred to as the "front shaft assembly"). The fluid tank 12 is fitted removably to the rear part of the pusher 9 assembled as the front shaft assembly. The fluid tank 12 shown in the drawing incorporates a ball 13 in it. This ball 13 is used for stirring the fluid in the fluid tank 12. In other words, this embodiment represents and example where a solution such as a cosmetic solution is stored in the fluid tank 12. When the fluid tank 12 is fitted to the pusher 9, the pusher 9 advances until it comes into contact with the step 10f of the front shaft 10. Under this state, the fluid tank 12 further advances to the pusher 9. If the application of the force for pushing the liquid tank 12 to the pusher 9 is continued without restriction at this time, the pusher 9 might be broken. In this embodiment, therefore, the rear end wall of the inner shaft 11 stops the advance of the fluid tank 12. In Fig. 1, the front end of the fluid tank 12 is shown out of contact from the pusher 9 for this reason. Here, when the fluid tank 12 is fitted to the pusher 9, the rotation is restricted and advance and retreat of the pusher 9 are also restricted. Moreover, the nib assembly in the front shaft assembly is inserted from the front portion of the front shaft 10. These relations are satisfied by the pusher 9, the front shaft 10 and the inner shaft 11. The connection shaft 14 is fitted to the tip portion of the rear shaft 15 by push-in or the like, and its rear end wall serves as the support portion for the resilient member such as a coil spring 16. The coil spring 16 biases rearward the knock button 17 and the knock button 17 is prevented from falling off by its engagement with the rear end reduced diameter portion of the rear shaft 15. Part of its rear end portion is exposed from the notch-like portion of the rear end of the rear shaft 15. The knock button 17 has a space S2 between it and the fluid tank 12. (The assembly of the components ranging from the connection shaft 14 to the knock button 17 will be hereinafter referred to as the "rear shaft assembly".) The front shaft assembly and the rear shaft assembly are fitted removably. This fitting may be attaind by push-in or the like but in this embodiment, a screw portion is formed between the front shaft 10 and the connection shaft 14 to provide a threaded engagement. Accordingly, when the device of this embodiment is used, the screw engagement between the front shaft assembly and the rear shaft assembly is released, the fluid tank 12 is then fitted to the pusher 9 and the front shaft assembly and the rear shaft assembly are meshed with each other under the state shown in Fig. 1. When the push force is applied to the knock button 17, the knock button 17 advances a little and comes into contact with the rear end of the fluid tank 12 and the pusher 9 start moving forth. When they further advance a little, the push member 9 comes into contact with the valve body 7. Accordingly, the valve body 7 advances to open the valve and the fluid is delivered to the brush 1 for painting or coating. At this time the space S1 separates the reaward biasing force applied to the pusher 9 from the other rearward biasing force applied to the valve body 7 independently of each other. The rearward biasing force which the pusher 9 receives is not affected by the rearward biasing force which the valve body 7 receives, so that the biasing force to the pusher 9 can be set freely accordingly. In other words, it is possible, for example, to keep the biasing force by the bellows 8 to the pusher 9 "zero" under the state shown in Fig. 1 where the push force is not applied to the knock button 17, that is, the state where the bellows 8 are extended completely, or to set it to a certain set value as described already. Accordingly, even when a plurality of products are produced, the feel of operation becomes stable with each of them. Since the pusher 9 has the space S1 between it and the valve body 7, the space S1 can prevents unnecessary valve opening. In other words, even when the fluid tank 12 is about to move forth due to the force of inertia of the fluid or the fluid tank 12 itself resulting from the impact during transportation or by the impact of the ball 13 to the fluid tank 12, the presence of the space S1 prevents the abrupt advance of the valve body 7. Furthermore, the unnecessary valve opening is likewise prevented by the presence of the space S2 between the knock button 17 and the fluid tank 12 or the exposure of only part of the rear end portion of the knock button 17 from the notch-like portion at the rear end of the rear shaft 15. Since the engagement portion by the projection base portion 11c for limiting the rearward displacement distance of the pusher 9 is disposed in the inner shaft 11, the pusher 9 and the bellows 8 are not pulled excessively when the fluid tank 12 is removed from the pusher 9. Needless to say, the anchor of the pusher 9 by the engagement portion may be used only when the fluid tank is removed, and thus handleability becomes excellent and the stable use for a long period becomes possible. Since the engagement portion by the projection base portion 11c for limiting the rearward displacement distance of the pusher 9 is disposed in the inner shaft 11, the pusher 9 and the bellows 8 are not pulled excessively when the fluid tank 12 is removed from the pusher 9 and the bellows 8 are not pulled excessively when the fluid tank 12 is removed from the pusher 9. Needless to say, the anchor of the pusher 9 by the engagement portion may be used only when the fluid tank is removed, and thus handleability becomes excellent and the stable use for a long period becomes possible. Since the rear member 7b of the valve body 7 has an odd-shaped cross-section, the center hole 9b of the pusher 9 as the fluid passage and the inerior of the bellows 8 are allowed to communicate with each other even when the pusher 9 comes into contact with the valve body 7. When the contact between the balve body 7 and the pusher 9 closes the through-hole of the pusher 9, the volume change of its front space results in positive fluid pressurization and air introduction. Such an arrangement will be preferable, but not always preferable in some cases, depending on the kind of fluids. This embodiment represents the case where the occurrence of such a pressurization is prevented as much as possible. When the present device is used as the painting device of a liquid as in this embodiment, it is advisable to set the maximum quantity of volume contraction, which is limited by the step 10f of the front shaft 10 in this embodiment, of the fluid existence portion at the back of the valve portions (i.e., portion formed by the fluid tank 12, the center hole 9b of the push member 9 and the interior of the bellows 8 in this embodiment) greater than the volume of the space portion in front of the valve portion (i.e., the space in which the coil spring 6 exists and the portion where the center hole of the pipe 5 is formed in this embodiment) but smaller than the maximum fluid quantity which the painting tip (the brush 1, in this embodiment) can keep. This arrangement can eliminate the fall of the droplet of the fluid due to an excessive push quantity when the fluid is discharged by the push operation, and the trouble of repeating the push operation several times to render usable the device which has not been used can be avoided, too. As described above, this embodiment represents an example of the device which restricts not only the rotation of the pusher 9 but also its advance and retreat and which moreover provides a desired assembly efficiency. Next, another embodiment of the fluid discharge device will be explained with reference to Fig. 15. The same reference numeral will be used to identify essentially the same portion as described above. The defference of this embodiment from the foregoing embodiment lies in that the bellows 8 is not used in the embodiment of Fig. 15. Instead, the rear end portion 3c of the tip shaft 3 is extended rearward so as to function as a piston portion, the tip portion 9c of the pusher 9 is extended forward so as to function as a cylinder portion, a resilient member such as a coil spring 19 is used for biasing rearward the pusher 9 and these members slide in a piston-cylinder relation. Here, the piston-cylinder can make relative rotation. However, such relative rotation often results in the fluid leakage. It is therefore desirable to limit the rotation. Another difference of the embodiment of Fig. 15 from the first embodiment of Figs. 1-14 lies in that the components are suitably integrated, omitted or work as a plurality of components. For example, the valve body 7 consists of one member. The connection shaft 14 in the first embodiment is not used but the rear shaft 15 is provided with the function of the connection shaft 14. As to the disposition of the coil spring 16, a tail crown 20 is fitted to the rear end. The stopper 4 merely supports the brush 1 without using the pipe 5. An air passage 21 is formed by disposing a notch in this stopper 4, or the like. One of the differences other than those described above lies in that suitable components are shaped in suitable shapes. For example, the shape of the knock button 17 is different as shown in the drawing. The shape of the rear shaft 15, too, is different, so that the projecting state of the knock button 17 becomes different, as well. Besides the differences described above, various changes and modifications can be made suitably without departing from the spirit of the invention, though the explanation with reference to the drawings is omitted. For example, another resilient member or a spring can be used suitably if self-resilience of the bellows 8 cannot be expected sufficiently. If the protuberance 9a of the pusher 9 is made self-expansible, the painting tip set can be fitted from the front of the front shaft 10 without forming positively the recess passage 10d in the inner hole 10a of the front shaft 10 and moreover, restriction on advancing can be made. Further, the fluid tank 12 may use the ball 13 as its plug and need not slways have the ball 13. The fluid tank 12 can project as it is from the rear end without using the knock button 17, and if necessary, the bellows 8 and the pusher 9 may be molded in a unitary structure. This also holds true of other elements. The engagement portion can be disposed in other components of the shaft member in place of in the inner shaft 11. Furthermore, though the foregoing embodiments represent examples of the painting device having the brush, they can be applied to a writing instrument equipped with a pen tip or a predetermined writing nib, which is obtained by extrusion molding of a synthetic resin and is ordinarily referred to as a "resin pen", or a felt pen, or a device having merely an open end such as ordinary oilers for mechinery.

Claims: A fluid discharge device comprising a valve seat, a valve body (7) biased rearward with respect to said valve seat and a push member (9) disposed at the back of said valve body so as to move forth and to open a valve against the biasing force to said valve body when a forward push force is applied thereto, said push member (9) being disposed inside a shaft body (10) in such a manner that said push force is applied indirectly to said push member (9) through a fluid tank (12) fitted removably to said push member, characterized in that said fluid discharge device further comprises outward protuberances (9a) on the outer wall of said push member (9), and recesses (10d) on an inner wall of said shaft body (10) so that said protuerances (9a) of said push member are positioned in said recesses (10d) to thereby limit the rotation of said push member (9). A fluid discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (8) for biasing rearwardly said push member (9) in such a manner as to define a gap (S1) between said push member (9) and said valve body (7) when said push force is not applied, and an engagement portion (11c) on said shaft member (10) for engaging with said push member (9) so as to limit a rearward displacement distance of said push member.

Inventors: KUROKAWA TAKUMI PENTEL SOKA FA, KUROKAWA, TAKUMI PENTEL SOKA FAMILY MANSION
Applicants: PENTEL KK, PENTEL KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1990
Main classification: A45D34
IPC codes: A46B11, B43K5