Hair treatment composition, bleaching composition and hair color tone modifier composition

Abstract: The present invention provides the following hair-treatment composition, bleaching composition and hair color tone modifier composition: a hair-treatment composition containing: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) a nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound together with a ferrous ion, and having a pH value of from 3 to 6, wherein the stability constant (K₁) between said ferrous ion and said nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound is lower than 3 and the ferrous salt, which is the chelate compound of said ferrous ion with said nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound, is highly soluble in water; a hair-treatment composition containing: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) a nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxane ring, and m is an integer of from 1 to 6, capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion and having a pH value of from 3 to 6; a bleaching composition consisting of either one of the above-mentioned hair-treatment compositions as the primary agent together with an aqueous composition containing 0.01 to 3% by weight of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of from 3 to 6 as the secondary agent; and a hair color tone modifier composition obtained by adding a direct dye to the primary and/or secondary agents of the above-mentioned bleaching composition.

Description: This invention relates to a hair-treatment composition, a bleaching composition and a hair color tone modifier composition. It relates in particular to a hair-treatment composition capable of supplying ferrous ions in a stable state to the horny fibers under weakly acidic mild conditions; a bleaching composition whereby the horny fibers such as the hair or idle hair can be bleached without giving much damage thereto under weakly acidic mild conditions while scarcely irritating, for example, the skin during the bleaching process; and a hair color tone modifier composition (hair dyeing composition) obtained by adding a hair dye to said bleaching composition. Known bleaching agents for horny fibers such as the hair or idle hair contain hydrogen peroxide as an essential constituent. In most cases, said hydrogen peroxide, including perborates and percarbonates capable of liberating hydrogen peroxide at the application, exerts a bleaching effect in an aqueous state so as to oxidize and bleach melanine contained in the horny fibers such as the hair or idle hair. Such a bleaching agent is generally applied in the form of an alkaline aqueous solution (pH 8 to 11) in order to fully achieve the bleaching effect of the hydrogen peroxide. However there is a problem that hydrogen peroxide contained in an alkaline aqueous composition is unstable, which makes it difficult to store such a composition for a prolonged period of time. Thus a bleaching agent containing hydrogen peroxide is frequently supplied in the form of a one-pack powdery bleaching agent, which is to be dissolved so as to give an alkaline aqueous solution at the application, or a two-pack bleaching agent, wherein a powdery or aqueous alkaline agent composition is to be mixed with a water-soluble hydrogen peroxide composition immediately before the application. In order to fully achieve the bleaching effect of these powdery one-pack and two-pack bleaching agents, it is required to elevate the pH value within an alkaline region or to increase the hydrogen peroxide content at the application. However these treatments, namely, the elevated pH value or increased hydrogen peroxide content irritate the skin and mucosae so as to damage fibers including the hair. Thus a pretreatment with ferrous ions has been conducted before bleaching or dyeing horny fibers such as the hair or idle hair in order to minimize the damage to the hair or improve the bleaching or dyeing effect. For example, U.S. Patent No. 3,632,295 discloses a two-stage method for bleaching the hair comprising applying a primary agent containing a ferrous salt to the hair and then applying an alkaline aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (of pH 8 to 11) to the hair as a secondary agent; Japanese Patent Publication No. 37004/1987 discloses a three-pack bleaching agent which consists of a primary agent containing a sulfite, a secondary agent containing a ferrous salt and a tertiary agent containing unstable hydrogen peroxide; and Japanese Patent Publication No. 55483/1986 discloses a two-pack hair dye consisting of a primary agent in the form of a commonly used hair tonic containing a ferrous salt and a secondary agent which is in the form of a hair conditioner containing a color former and may be used at an appropriate stage thereafter. Furthermore, German Patent No. 3,149,978 discloses a method comprising applying a ferrous compound as a reducing agent together with phosphorous acid to keratin fibers and then bleaching the keratin fibers with hydrogen peroxide. An aqueous solution of a ferrous salt to be used as a pretreatment agent suffers from some troubles such that it hardly forms soluble ferrous hydroxide at a pH value of 5 or higher and that it irritates the skin or mucosae at a pH value of 3.0 or lower. US-A-3632295 discloses a hair treatment composition which comprises a ferrous salt, a chelate-forming compound, such as ascorbic acid, having a chelate formation constant with ferrous ion such that log K MA is from 2 to 8, the total ionic strength of the ferrous salt solution being from 0.5 to 2.5. When an alkaline aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleaching agent, as in the case of the above-mentioned method of US-A-3632295, the hydrogen peroxide in said alkaline aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is unstable. Thus it is difficult to provide a stable aqueous composition available in practice unless the product is formulated into a three-pack composition wherein an alkali composition ( a secondary agent) is mixed with a water-soluble hydrogen peroxide composition (a tertiary agent) immediately before the application. On the other hand, the above-mentioned three-pack bleaching agent of Japanese Patent Publication No. 37004/1987 cannot always be convenient, since it requires a complicated bleaching procedure and a long treatment period. DE-A-3149978 discloses a process for bleaching by use of a ferrous salt in the presence of a reducing phosphorous compound and optionally a chelate-forming compound. Said chelate-forming agent may be oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid or diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid. In the case of the above-mentioned bleaching method described in German Patent No. 3,149,978, furthermore, sufficient care should be taken in the pretreatment conducted under strongly acidic conditions and in the rinsing with an acidic solution such as phosphoric acid for removing the remaining phosphorous acid. Further, this product sometimes causes significant irritation of the skin and mucosae when applied to the body. When a hydrogen peroxide solution alone is used within a weakly acidic or neutral region, a satisfactory bleaching effect can scarely be achieved. When the hydrogen peroxide concentration is increased or the solution is repeatedly used in order to enhance the bleaching effect, fibers including the hair are frequently damaged. GB-A-2192645 discloses a process for dyeing human keratinous fibres comprising applying to the fibres in separate stages a composition comprising a metal salt, such as an iron salt and a composition comprising at least one dye such as a benzoquinone or naphthoquinone. DE-A-2028818 discloses a process for dyeing of human hair comprising pretreating the hair with an aqueous solution of ions, such as iron ions, and subsequently treating the hair with a specific dye. It is the object of the present invention to provide a hair-treatment composition which is capable of excellent bleaching or dyeing without hair damage by applying to the hair prior to an oxidizing treatment and/or a dyeing treatment and scarcely irritates the skin and mucosae, to provide an aqueous bleaching composition, which has a high safety to the skin and mucosae, exerts a bleaching effect superior to those of known alkalihydrogen peroxide bleaching agents and can be easily handled, as well as to provide a hair tone modifier composition (hair dyeing composition) whereby the color tone of the hair can be modified. Said objects are achieved by a hair-treatment composition comprising: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) an organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion, said composition having a pH value of from 3 to 6, wherein the stability constant (K₁) between said ferrous ion and said organic chelate-forming compound is lower than 3 and the ferrous salt, which is the chelate compound of said ferrous ion with said organic chelate-forming compound, is highly soluble in water, said composition being applied to the hair prior to an oxidizing treatment and/or dyeing treatment, characterized in that said organic chelate-forming compound is a non-reducing compound of the general formula (II) wherein R¹ and R² may be either the same or different from each other and R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain or branded alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R² represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, n is from 0 to 2 and m is from 0 to 6. This hair-treatment composition will be called the first hair-treatment composition hereinafter. Furthermore, the present invention provides another hair-treatment composition comprising: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) an organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion, said composition having a pH value of from 3 to 6 and being applied to the hair prior to an oxidizing treatment and/or dyeing treatment, characterized in that said organic chelate-forming compound is a non-reducing compound of the general formula (I) wherein R represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxane ring, and m is an integer from 1 to 6, wherein the hydroxyl group may be bound to any position of the hydrocarbon group R. This hair-treatment composition will be called the second hair-treatment composition hereinafter. The present invention furthermore provides a bleaching composition which comprises the above-mentioned first or second hair-treatment composition as a primary agent and an aqueous composition containing 0.01 to 3% by weight of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of from 3 to 6 as a secondary agent. The present invention furthermore provides a hair color tone modifier composition obtained by adding a direct dye to the above-mentioned primary agent and/or the secondary agent of the above-mentioned bleaching composition. The hair-treatment compositions of the present invention, in which ferrous ions are stably blended, can supply the ferrous ions in a stable state to horny fibers. Thus the hair can be excellently bleached or dyed without being damaged. Further these compositions are adjusted to a pH value of from 3 to 6 and thus scarcely irritate the skin or mucosae. Further, the bleaching composition of the present invention is highly safe to the skin and mucosae and exerts a bleaching effect superior to those of known alkali-hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents. In addition, it can be readily handled while scarcely damaging the hair. Furthermore, the hair color tone modifier composition of the present invention is highly safe to the skin and mucosae and can be easily handled so as to widely modify the color tone of the hair. The first or second hair-treatment composition of the present invention may be used in the following manner. First, said composition is applied to horny fibers such as the hair and then slightly rinsed. Thus the ferrous salt penetrates into the hair and prevents the hair from being damaged in the subsequent bleaching or dyeing step. In addition, the bleaching and dyeing can be excellently conducted. The bleaching composition of the present invention may be used a follows. First, horny fibers such as the hair are treated with the primary agent and weakly rinsed. Next, the secondary agent is applied to the hair, which is allowed to dry as such or dried by heating with, for example, a blower. Thus the hair is bleached. Alternately, the secondary agent may be washed away after the completion of the bleaching, if desired. The hair color tone modifier composition of the present invention may be used in the following manner. First, the hair is treated with the primary agent and weakly rinsed. Next, the secondary agent is applied as such to the hair, which is allowed to dry as such or dried by heating with, for example, a blower. Thus the color tone of the hair can be modified and dyeing can be excellently conducted. Figs. 1 and 2 are each a graph showing a relationship between the lightening effect observed in the bleached hair and the content of cysteic acid. The first hair-treatment composition of the present invention comprises an aqueous composition containing a ferrous salt and having a pH value adjusted to 3 to 6. Examples of the ferrous salt include ferrous acetate, ferrous nitrate, ferrous sulfate and ferrous chloride. Among these compounds, ferrous sulfate and ferrous chloride are preferable from the viewpoints of, for example, odor. The ferrous salt may be preferably contained in the first hair-treatment composition of the present invention in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% by weight. When the pH value of said hair-treatment composition is adjusted within the range as specified above, said composition becomes safe to the skin and mucosae during the treatment of the hair therewith. Further, it scarcely damages fibers and the ferrous ions of the ferrous salt can be readily incorporated into the hair to form a complex with melanin. The pH value of the first hair-treatment composition of the present invention may be adjusted to from 3 to 6 by using a commonly employed acid such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid or a common alkaline aqueous solution such as a sodium hyroxide or potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. The first hair-treatment composition of the present invention further contains a nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound of the general formula (II) capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion. The stability constant [K₁; refer to Chaberek; "Organic Sequestering Agents", published by John Wiley (1959)] between said ferrous ion and said nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound is lower than 3 and the ferrous salt, which is the chelate compound of the above-mentioned ferrous ion and the above-mentioned nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound, is highly soluble in water. The expression "highly soluble in water " as used herein means that the solubility of said ferrous salt in purified water at 20°C is 0.1% by weight or more. When the stability constant (K₁) of the ferrous salt, namely, the above-mentioned chelate compound is adjusted to lower than 3, the ferrous salt can be more stably blended and stored in the form of an aqueous solution. The above-mentioned nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound is a compound which forms a chelate compound with a ferrous ion, suppresses the formation of a hydroxo complex of said ferrous ion, which is insoluble and forms a precipitate, and promotes the effective and rapid penetration of the ferrous ion into the hair. Examples of such nonreducing organic chelate-forming compounds include organic acids such as lactic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, glyceric acid, β-hydroxyglutaric acid, gluconic acid and glucuronic acid. By taking the odor into consideration, it is preferable to use a hydroxy carboxylic acid such as lactic acid or glycolic acid. It is undesirable to use commonly employed organic chelate-forming compounds, for example, citric acid, its salts, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or its salts, since each of these compounds has a stability constant (K₁) with a ferrous ion exceeding 3 and the formation of a complex of said compound with a ferrous ion lowers the oxidation potential of the complex. Consequently, when the composition thus obtained is stored, in particular at a high temperature, the complex is partially oxidized by contact with the dissolved oxygen in the composition or with the atmosphere, which frequently causes coloration and the formation of a Fe³⁺ complex. Furthermore, succinic acid, malic acid and tartaric acid each form a complex salt with a ferrous ion. Although this complex salt has a stability constant (K₁) lower than 3, it has only a low solubility in water and thus can be hardly obtained in the form of a stable aqueous composition. Thus it is also undesirable to use these acids. The above-mentioned nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound is preferably contained in the first hair-treatment composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0% by weight. A nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound, which has a stability constant (K₁) lower than 3 and forms a chelate compound (i.e., a ferrous salt) highly soluble in water, can be used together with an organic reducing agent such as ascorbic acid. Now the second hair-treatment composition of the present invention will be described in detail. Similar to the above-mentioned first hair-treatment composition, the third hair-treatment composition of the present invention is an aqueous composition containing a ferrous salt and having a pH value adjusted to from 3 to 6. As said ferrous salt, those described with respect to the above-mentioned first hair-treatment composition may be used. Similar to the case of the above-mentioned first hair-treatment composition, the ferrous salt may be preferably contained in the composition in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% by weight. The pH value of the third hair-treatment composition of the present invention may be adjusted in the same manner as the one employed in the case of the above-mentioned first hair-treatment composition. As the nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound of the above-mentioned general formula (I) to be used in the second hair-treatment composition of the present invention, lactic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, glyceric acid, gluconic acid and glucuronic acid may be used. By taking the odor into consideration, it is still preferable to use lactic acid or glycolic acid. This nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound (I) may be preferably contained in the second hair-treatment composition of the present invention in an amount of from 0.1 to 10.0% by weight. The second hair-treatment composition of the present invention may further contain an organic reducing agent such as ascorbic acid as another chelate-forming compound. It is preferable to add a cationic polymer and/or a cationic surfactant to the above-mentioned first and second hair-treatment compositions of the present invention to thereby improve the texture of the hair. In order to further improve this conditioning effect, these compositions may be formulated into an emulsion by optionally adding appropriate additive(s) such as a higher alcohol. Furthermore, the above-mentioned first and second hair-treatment compositions of the present invention may be processed into various forms, for example, rinse, treatment or preshampoo treatment. Thus various additives commonly used in the production of these products, for example, UV absorbers, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, wetting agents, thickeners such as water-soluble polymers, pearlescent pigments such as glycol esters, antidandruff agents, medical ingredients such as vitamins, preservatives such as paraben, hair-setting polymers such as acrylic acid resin solutions, various perfumes and colorants may be added thereto, as long as the effects of the present invention are not deteriorated thereby. In order to maintain the first and second hair-treatment compositions of the present invention in a stable state for a prolonged period of time, it is preferable to prevent these compositions from contact with external air. Therefore they may be preferably filled in hermetically sealed containers such as a laminate tube or an aerosol container. Examples of these containers include a double-wall aerosol container of a piston can type filled with a liquefied gas, for example, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, Freon, LPG or a mixture thereof, a nonaerosol double-well container of a piston can type, a batting can and an Excel System (mfd. by Container Industries Inc.) where a container is directly pressurized with a rubber so as to extrude its contents, which are substitutes for the above-mentioned piston cans, a laminate tube made of a gas-impermeable material and a unit-dose package. The first and second hair-treatment compositions of the present invention may be used in, for example, the following manner. The first or second hair-treatment composition of the present invention is applied to the hair of the body to be treated allowed to stand for a while, and weakly rinsed. This procedure is repeated so as to penetrate the ferrous salt into the hair. Subsequently, the bleaching treatment (oxidizing treatment) according to an oxidization with the use of peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide or an oxidization with the use of air (oxygen) is conducted. In this case, since the hair is pretreated with the above-mentioned first or second composition of the present invention, this treatment enhances the bleaching effect and prevent the hair from being damaged. When the hair to which the ferrous salt has been thus penetrated is subsequently dyed with a dye composition containing a colorant such as tannic acid or gallic acid, alternately, the color is developed by the reaction with iron which has penetrated by the pretreatment with the first or second hair-treatment composition of the present invention. Thus the hair can be excellently dyed. Now the bleaching composition of the present invention will be described in detail. The bleaching composition of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned first or second hair-treatment composition as a primary agent together with an aqueous composition containing hydrogen peroxide as a secondary agent. The above-mentioned secondary agent of the bleaching composition of the present invention is an aqueous composition which is employed as a bleaching agent after treating the hair with the above-mentioned primary agent. The secondary agent contains hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of from 0.01 to 3% by weight and has a pH value adjusted to 3 to 6. When the hydrogen peroxide concentration exceeds 3%, the hair might be damaged. When the pH value falls within the range as specified above, the composition can exert an excellent bleaching effect while lowering the damage to the hair and the irritation on the skin and mucosae in the treatment with the secondary agent. The pH value of this secondary agent can be adjusted in the same manner as that employed in adjusting the pH value of the above-mentioned first or second hair-treatment composition, namely, the primary agent. The secondary agent can further contain a chelating agent, for example, EDTA, an oxyquinoline salt or acetanilide so as to stabilize the hydrogen peroxide. When this bleaching composition is to be applied to the hair, the above-mentioned secondary agent may contain a polymer stable in the hydrogen peroxide system, for example, a specific ester type polymer having the following structural formula as a styling agent: The above-mentioned ester polymer can impart a stable hair styling effect to the secondary agent containing hydrogen peroxide. Thus the secondary agent can be applied not only to a preparation to be used exclusively for bleaching but also to a commonly available hair styling agent which also exerts a bleaching effect and can be repeatedly used everyday, as will be shown hereinafter. Thus the bleaching composition of the present invention, which scarcely damages horny fibers, can be widely used as, for example, a pretreatment agent to be used prior to bleaching or dyeing the fibers. Since it scarcely irritates the skin and mucosae, it is particularly suitable for treating idle hair and the hair. Further, the primary agent of the bleaching composition of the present invention can be emulsified so as to give an aqueous gel, a cream or an emulsion. Furthermore, it can be formulated into a mousee by blending with a propellant. On the other hand, the secondary agent of the bleaching composition of the present invention may be used in the form of an aqueous liquid or a gel. Thus it can be applied to the hair as such. Alternately, it may be filled in a spray container or an aerosol container and sprayed at the time of use. Now the hair color tone modifier composition (hair dyeing composition) of the present invention will be described in detail. The hair color tone modifier composition of the present invention, which is obtained by applying the above-mentioned bleaching composition, is prepared by adding a direct dye to the above-mentioned primary and/or secondary agent of the bleaching composition. The addition of the dye to the primary and/or secondary agent of the bleaching composition makes it possible to bleach and lighten the inherent color of the hair as well as to dye the hair with the direct dye to thereby give a desired color during the bleaching stage. In addition, it is highly safe to the skin and mucosae and scarcely damage the hair. Therefore, the hair color tone modifier composition of the present invention can modify the color tone of the hair over a wide range of dark colors, including dark blond, dark brown and black, compared with a conventional hair color tone modifier composition which contains not an oxidation dye but a direct dye alone and exclusively depends on the dyeing effect of said dye. Examples of the direct dye to be used in the hair color tone modifier composition of the present invention include basic direct dyes, acidic direct dyes, disperse dyes and nitro dyes. It is particularly preferable to use a basic dye such as an allyanol basic dye, a disperse dye, a nitro dye or a mixture thereof as the direct dye to be added to the secondary agent, since such a dye should be stable to the oxidizing agent. When the above-mentioned direct dye is to be added to the primary agent of the bleaching composition alone, it may be preferably contained in the primary agent in an amount of from 0.0001 to 5% by weight. When it is added to the secondary agent of the bleaching composition alone, it may be preferably contained in the secondary agent in an amount of from 0.0001 to 5% by weight. When it is added to both of the primary and secondary agents, it may be preferably contained in the primary agent in an amount of from 0.0001 to 5% by weight and in the secondary agent in an amount of from 0.0001 to 5% by weight. To further illustrate the present invention the following Examples will be given. Example 1: Bleaching test of a bleaching composition In this Example, products 1 to 6 according to the invention, each consisting of the primary and secondary agents listed in Table 1, were prepared and subjected to the following test. Undamaged black hair of a German was used as the test hair. Samples each weighing 1 g were taken from the test hair and treated with each primary agent specified in Table 1 at 55°C for 60 minutes. Next, the hair sample was washed with warm water for one minute and the excess moisture was removed. Then it was treated with the corresponding secondary agent specified in Table 1 at 55°C for 60 minutes. The change in the color tone of the above-mentioned black hair thus treated with the primary and secondary agents was measured. The change in the color tone was determined by measuring the lightness (L) in the Hunter color difference meter and expressed by the change in the lightness (Δ L) which is employed as a measure. Table 1 gives the results. The damage to the hair caused by the above-mentioned bleaching procedure was examined by using the content of cysteic acid formed by the treatment as a measure. Namely, the bleached hair was hydrolyzed and the content (% by mol) of the cysteic acid determined with an amino acid analyzer was compared. Table 1 gives the results. The irritation on the skin was evaluated in the following manner. Each of the primary and secondary agents was subjected to a closed patch test for 24 hours with the use of Guinea gigs (N = 4 or 5). 48 hours thereafter, the average scores were compared with each other. -: 0, ± : 1, +: 2, and ++: 3. In a comparative case, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide was mixed with an alkali solution immediately before the use to thereby prepare the secondary agent (cf. Table 1), which was then applied to the hair so as to examine the effect of a conventional alkaline bleaching agent. The results given in Table 1 suggest the following facts. (1) The products 1 to 6 according to the invention showed each a large change in L (ΔL), which gave a remarkable lightening (bleaching) effect compared with the comparative product 1. (2) The products 1 to 6 according to the invention had each a low cysteic acid content, and gave a slight damage to the hair compared with the comparative product 1. Furthermore, the products 1 to 6 according to the invention gave each a slight irritating effect on the skin compared with the comparative product 1. Example 2: Bleaching test of a bleaching composition In this Example, products 7 to 9 according to the invention each consisting of the primary and secondary agents listed in the following Table 2 were prepared and subjected to the following bleaching test. Similar to Example 1, samples, each weighing 1 g, of undamaged black hair of a German were prepared and treated with each primary agent listed in Table 2 at 55°C for 60 minutes. Next, it was rinsed and the excess moisture was removed. Then the corresponding secondary agent listed in Table 2 was applied to the hair sample thus treated and dried by allowing it to stand overnight, as in the case of the application of a conventional set lotion. Subsequently, this treatment with the secondary agent was repeated every day. Thus the treatment with the secondary agent was conducted ten times in total. In a comparative case, a hair sample was treated with the secondary agent of the comparative product 2 (listed in Table 2) in the same manner as the one described above. The results are given in Table 2 and Fig. 1. The results given in Table 2 and Fig. 1 indicate that the products 7 to 9 according to the invention gave each a slight damage to the formation of cysteic acid, when compared with the comparative product 2 at the point giving the same bleaching effect. Composition (%) Product according to the invention Comparative product 2 7 8 9 Primary agent ferrous sulfate (7H₂O) 0.027 0.27 2.70 - ascorbic acid 0.6 0.6 0.6 - lactic acid 4.5 4.5 4.5 - sodium hydroxide q.s. q.s. q.s. - xanthan gum 0.3 0.3 0.3 - water balance balance balance - pH 3.6 3.6 3.6 - Secondary agent hydrogen peroxide 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 (30%) acetic acid 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 acetanilide 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 oxyquinoline 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 sodium hydroxide q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. water balance balance balance balance pH 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 Skin irritation score Primary agent 0.2 0 0 - Secondary agent 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Example 3 In this Example, products 10 to 12 according to the invention consisting of the primary and secondary agents listed in the following Table 3 were prepared and subjected to the following bleaching test. Similar to Example 2, 1 g of undamaged black hair of a German was treated with each primary agent listed in Table 3 at 35°C for five minutes. Next, it was rinsed and the excess moisture was removed. Then the corresponding secondary agent listed in Table 3 was applied to the hair and dried by allowing it to stand overnight, as in the case of the application of a conventional set lotion. This procedure was repeated ten times in total every day with the use of the primary agent together with the secondary agent. In the cases of the comparative products 3 to 5, the secondary agent listed in Table 3 was used alone in the treatment. Table 3 gives the results. The results given in Table 3 and Fig. 2 indicate that the products 10 to 12 according to the invention gave each slight damage to the hair, when compared with the comparative products 3 to 5 at the point giving the same bleaching effect. Example 4: Stability test on hair-treatment composition Hair-treatment compositions of formulations specified in the following Table 4 (invention products 13 and 14) were prepared. Then the stability of each product to a ferrous salt was tested. The stability was evaluated by determining the solubility of the ferrous salt when added to each product and observing the coloration of each product when stored at 40°C for 20 days. Table 4 summarizes the results. product according to the invention 13 14 Formulation (% by wt.) ferrous sulfate (7H₂O) 0.98 0.98 lactic acid 4.5 4.5 glycolic acid - 3.8 ascorbic acid 0.40 0.40 sodium hydroxide q.s. q.s. hydrochloric acid - - xanthan gum 0.3 0.3 purified water balance balance pH 3.6 3.6 Stability coloration no change no change solubility soluble soluble As Table 4 shows, the ferrous salt was stably contained in each hair-treatment composition of the invention. Example 5: Skin irritation test of hair-treatment composition The irritating effects on the skin of the products 13 and 14 according to the invention, each obtained in Example 4, were evaluated in the following manner. A closed patch test was conducted with the use of Guinea pigs (N = 4 or 5) for 24 hours. 48 hours later, the conditions of the animals were observed with the naked eye and evaluated according to the following criteria. Table 5 gives the results. Criteria: 0: no change, 1: slight erythema, and 2: significant erythema. product 13 product 14 Skin irritation score 0 0 As Table 5 shows, the products of the invention showed no skin irritation. Example 6: Application test of hair-treatment composition Hair-treatment compositions of the formulations specified in the following Table 6 (the products 15 to 17 according to the invention) were prepared. Further, a hair-dyeing cream of the following formulation was prepared. Formulation of hair-dyeing cream % by wt. (1) self-emulsifiable glyceryl monostearate 4.5 (2) ethylene glycol monostearate 3.5 (3) polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate 1.0 (4) paraffin wax 3.0 (5) liquid paraffin 25.0 (6) vaseline 5.0 (7) ceresin wax 2.0 (8) isopropyl myristate 4.5 (9) sodium cetyl sulfate 1.5 (10) gallic acid 1.0 (11) ferrous sulfate 1.0 (12) ascorbic acid 0.2 (13) citric acid 0.2 (14) ethylene carbonate 10.0 (15) water 37.1 (16) perfume 0.5 total 100.0 Preparation of hair-dyeing cream The above-mentioned components (9), (10) and (13) were homogeneously dissolved in part of the water at approximately 80°C. The above components (1) to (8) were molten by heating to approximately 90°C and then added to the mixture solution obtained above under stirring. The resulting mixture was homogeneously stirred and cooled. The above-mentioned components (11) and (12) were homogeneously dissolved in the rest of the water and then added together with the component (14) to the mixture obtained above at 50°C. After mixing and cooling, the mixture was filled in an Excel bottle to thereby give a creamy hair-dye (hair-dyeing cream). Dyeing The effect of the product according to the invention given in Table 6 was examined in the following manner. An appropriate amount of said product given in Table 6 (a conditioning composition) was applied to gray hair after shampooing and allowed to stand for several minutes. Then it was rinsed away and the hair was further treated with the above-mentioned hair-dyeing cream. This procedure was repeated. Thus the white hair slowly turned black in very excellent conditions. Example 7: Application test of hair-treatment composition A hair-dyeing lotion of the following formulation was prepared by the following method. Formulation % by wt. (1) solid logwood extract (hematoxylin content: ca. 50%) 2.0 (2) glucose 1.0 (3) perfume 0.5 (4) purified water 96.5 total 100.00 Preparation of hair-dyeing lotion The above-mentioned component (1) was dissolved in the component (4) under stirring. Next, the components (2) and (3) were added thereto and stirring to thereby give a transparent aqueous solution (a hair-dyeing lotion). Dyeing Another effect of the product obtained in the above-mentioned Example 6 was examined in the following manner. An appropriate amount of the product according to the invention given in Table 6 (conditioning composition) was applied to white hair after shampooing. Then it was allowed to stand for several minutes and rinsed away. Next, an appropriate amount of the above-mentioned hair-dyeing lotion was applied to the white hair. After being allowed to stand for several minutes, it was rinsed away. This procedure was repeated. Thus the white hair slowly turned black in very excellent conditions. Example 8: Conditioning effect of hair-treatment composition In this Example, the conditioning effects of the products 15 and 16 according to the invention obtained in Example 6 was tested. The products 15 and 16 and the comparative product 13 were applied to the hair. Then the touch of the hair at the application and after drying was organoleptically evaluated to determine the conditioning effect of each product. Table 7 gives the results. As Table 7 indicates, the products 15 and 16 according to the invention showed each an excellent conditioning effect. Product according to the invention 15 16 Formulation (% by wt.) ferrous sulfate (7H₂o) 0.98 0.98 ascorbic acid 0.6 0.6 lactic acidid 4.5 4.5 cationized cellulose - 0.5 cationic surfactant 5.4 1.1 cationic surfactant 2.0 - nonionic surfactant - 0.5 nonionic surfactant 1.0 - behenyl alcohol 2.0 - propylene glycol 10.0 4.0 perfume 0.2 0.2 methylparaben 0.3 0.3 sodium hydroxide q.s. q.s. purified water balance balance pH of cmposition 3.8 3.8 Form of composition creamy transparent Conditioning effect O ○ O ○ Example 9: Hair color tone modifier composition In this Example, products 18 and 19 of the formulations specified in the following Table 8 were prepared. The product 18 according to the invention, wherein a direct dye was directly added to the primary agent, was a treatment suitable for daily use. The product 19 according to the invention, wherein a direct dye was directly added to the secondary agent, was a set lotion having a hair color tone modifying effect. The color tone of the hair could be excellently modified by using either of these compositions. The first agents of the products 18 and 19 were each hermetically sealed in an Excel bottle.

Claims: A hair-treatment composition comprising: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) an organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion, said composition having a pH value of from 3 to 6, wherein the stability constant (K₁) between said ferrous ion and said organic chelate-forming compound is lower than 3 and the ferrous salt, which is the chelate compound of said ferrous ion with said organic chelate-forming compound, is highly soluble in water, said composition being applied to the hair prior to an oxidizing treatment and/or dyeing treatment, characterized in that said organic chelate-forming compound is a non-reducing compound of the general formula (II) wherein R¹ and R² may be either the same or different from each other and R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain or branded alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R² represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, n is from 0 to 2 and m is from 0 to 6. The hair-treatment composition of claim 1, wherein non-reducing organic chelate-forming compound is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, glyceric acid, β-hydroxyglutaric acid, gluconic acid and glucuronic acid. A hair-treatment composition comprising: (1) a ferrous salt, and (2) an organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound with a ferrous ion, said composition having a pH value of from 3 to 6 and being applied to the hair prior to an oxidizing treatment and/or dyeing treatment, characterized in that said organic chelate-forming compound is a non-reducing compound of the general formula (I) wherein R represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxane ring, and m is an integer from 1 to 6, wherein the hydroxyl group may be bound to any position of the hydrocarbon group R. The hair-treatment composition of claim 3, wherein the non-reducing organic chelate-forming compound is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, glyceric acid, gluconic acid and glucuronic acid. The hair-treatment composition of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the non-reducing organic chelate-forming compound is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0% by weight. The hair-treatment composition of any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an organic reducing agent. A bleaching composition comprising the hair-treatment composition of any of claims 1 to 6 as a primary agent together with an aqueous composition containing 0.01 to 3% by weight of hydrogen perioxide and having a pH value of from 3 to 6 as a secondary agent. A hair color tone modifier composition obtained by adding a direct dye to the primary and/or secondary agent of the bleaching composition of claim 7. The hair color tone modifier composition of claim 8, containing the dye in an amount of 0.0001 to 5% by weight in the primary and/or secondary agent. A method for bleaching hair, which comprises the following steps: a) applying to the hair the hair treatment composition of any claims 1 to 6, and b) subsequently applying to the hair an aqueous composition containing 0.01 to 3% by weight of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of from 3 to 6.

Inventors: KAWASE JIRO, NAGASHIMA EMI, UKAJI KAZUO, KAWASE, JIRO, NAGASHIMA, EMI, UKAJI, KAZUO
Applicants: KAO CORP, KAO CORPORATION
Application year: 1990
Main classification: A61K7
IPC codes: A61Q5, A61K8, D06L3