Pallet for supporting article

Abstract: A pallet (10) for supporting articles comprising: a bottom plate member (16); a plurality of spacers (18) fixedly arranged in n rows and m lines and having the same heights; a top plate member (14), on which an article or articles (12) can be loaded, arranged on and fixed to the spacers (18) and spaced apart from the bottom plate member (16) by a predetermined distance; and a plurality of retainers (20) provided for holding the spacers in each of the rows altogether and having upper (20a) and lower (20b) surfaces fixedly attached to the top (14) and bottom plate members (16).

Description: The present invention relates to a pallet for supporting article according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a pallet can store and convey the article while supporting a predetermined weight of article thereon. In the past, a pallet comprising a plate member and prismatic leg members fixed to an undersurface of the plate member has been used as a pallet for supporting and conveying an article. Both plate member and leg members were made of wood, and, accordingly, such conventional pallet was heavy and was not suitable to convey small and/or light-weighted articles. Further, as disclosed in the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 48-694, a pallet comprising top and bottom main wall plates and a plurality of spaced cylindrical spacers fixedly arranged between the wall plates has been proposed. In addition, a pallet wherein such spacers are made of foam material has also been known. While such pallet comprising the wall plates and spacers had good resistance to pressure and/or load of the article supported thereon since the spacers were formed in the cylindrical configuration, adhesion strength between the top and bottom wall plates and the spacers was relatively weak because adhesion area between the wall plates and the spacers was small, and, thus, there arose a problem that the spacers were detached from the wall plates when the pallet had been used for a long time. Regarding the leg members, the construction and/or material thereof have been devised or improved in various ways. For example, the Japanese Utility Model Publication Nos. 52-22756 and 58-45227 disclose a technique for increasing the stiffness of the leg members. However, in any cases, such improvements in the pallet made the construction of the pallet complicated, with the result that the pallet became heavy and expensive. The pallet comprising a plate member and prismatic leg members fixed to an undersurface of the plate member is also disclosed in the US-A-2,996,276, US-A-3,911,834, US-A-3,952,672, US-A-4,714,026 or the like. The conventional wooden pallet has now been used widely since it has good resistance to load and has an adequate application condition. However, the price of wooden material has recently been increased remarkably, and thus, the wooden pallet has recently been extremely expensive. Further, since the weight of the pallet itself is included in the transport weight determining the cost of transport of the articles, the reduction in the weight of the pallet itself leads to the reduction in the cost of transport directly. Accordingly, the reduction of the weight of the pallet is required. Particularly, in case of exportation of the articles with the pallets by ship, the wooden pallets must sometimes be fumigated for the purpose of moth proofing according to the regulation of an importing country; this will be obstacle to the reduction in cost of the pallet. Further, in general, the pallets used in the exportation are scrapped in an importing country. The scrapping cost, which is cheaper than the recovery or returning cost, can in no way be negligible. Accordingly, the reduction of such scrapping cost is also strongly requested. In conclusion, as mentioned above, the conventional wooden pallets could not achieve the reduction of cost thereof adequately, and thus, are expensive. Further, it is preferable to manufacture the pallet by paper material having various merits. However, if each of the leg members of the pallet is made of cylindrical paper material (cylindrical paper pipe), although adequate physical strength for usage of the pallet can be obtained, there is a problem in the connection or adhesion between the cylindrical paper pipes and the plate member of the pallet. This is to say, in order to connect or fix the cylindrical paper pipes (leg members) to the plate member, an adhesive or fastener members such as staples can be used. However, when the adhesive is used, adequate adhesion strength cannot be obtained since the contacting area between the plate member and the cylindrical paper pipe is relatively small; on the other hand, when the fastener members are used, the fixing strength between the plate member and the cylindrical paper pipe is not sufficiently large. A generic pallet is known from the FR-A-2 260 503. This conventional pallet comprises an upper plate member to which folded retainer members in the form of hollow housings are fixed. Cylindrical spacers are housed in the retainer members. The retainer members comprise two side walls and one bottom wall as well as a double-layer top wall. The outer layer of the top wall is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper plate member. However, the pallet according to the FR-A-2 260 503 has the disadvantage that it is heavy in weight. Furthermore, the spacers can easily slip out of their predetermined place. The GB-A-2 173 768 shows a further conventional pallet having retainer members in the form of a frame with a closed cross-section. Spacers are provided inside the retainer. However, the spacers are completely enclosed by the retainer members, so that the pallet according to the GB-A-2 173 768 has the same disadvantages as the generic pallet according to the FR-A-2 260 503. Furthermore, the EP-A-0 134 659 discloses a pallet, in the case of which the retainer members have U-shaped profiles. The U-shaped profile is fixed from below to an upper plate member by means of supporting legs which are bent outwards. In the U-shaped channel of the retainer members, cylindrical spacers are housed. It is the object of the present invention to further develop a pallet according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a manner that weight and production costs are reduced while the stability is increased. This object is achieved by the features indicated in the characterising part of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are set out in the subclaims. According to the invention, the outer edge portions of the surfaces of the retainer members comprise semi-circular cut-out portions which surround the cylindrical spacers provided within the retainer members, when the surfaces are folded to their hollow form. Therefore, the free ends of the spacers are embraced, whereby it is ensured that the spacer members do not slip out of their place. By designing the pallet in such a manner, the weight and the production cost can be reduced since less material is required for the retainers. According, to the present invention there is provided a pallet for supporting article, which is light-weighted, is inexpensive in the manufacturing cost thereof, is not needed to be fumigated and is inexpensive even in the scrapping cost thereof. Furthermore, there is provided a pallet wherein leg members (spacers) fixed to a plate member to separate the plate member from the ground are formed in hollow cylindrical shape and which can prevent deformation and/or positional deviation of the spacers. According to the present invention there is provided a pallet having a new structure comprising a plate member on which an article is loaded or supported and leg members for separating the plate member from the ground, which can increase the fixing strength of the leg members when they are fixed to the plate member by means of retainer members surrounding the leg members. Furthermore adequate fixing strength is obtained between the leg members and the plate member on which an article is supported even when they are made of paper material. Further, the present invention can solve a conventional problem that the leg members must be positioned in the adhesing operation in place when the plate member and the leg members are manufactured independently. Figs. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a pallet according to the embodiment; Fig. 2 is a development plan view of a retainer member used with the pallet; Fig. 3 is a side view of the pallet; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A2-A1 of Fig. 3; Figs. 5 to 9 show a further embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Fig. 5 is a development view of a portion of a plate member of a pallet according to the further embodiment; Fig. 6 is a development plan view of a retainer member used with the pallet; Fig. 7 is a perspective view explaining the bending of an extension of the plate member and the retainer member, and showing leg members; Fig. 8A is a side view of the pallet; Fig. 8B is an elevational view of the pallet; Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line A1-A2 of Fig. 8A; Fig. 10 is a plan view showing an alternation of a bottom plate member of the pallet; and Fig. 11 is an elevational view of a tractor used for conveying the pallet according to the invention. The present invention will now be fully explained in connection with embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings. A pallet for supporting articles (referred to merely as "pallet" hereinafter) is used, for example, to convey a plurality of packages in which the respective predetermined articles are accommodated. The packages are loaded on the pallet in three laminated layers, each layer includes two packages. The pallet on which a number of the packages are loaded can be stored in a warehouse, or can be loaded or unloaded with respect to a loading space of a truck, or can be transported by a goods wagon or by ship. The pallet are made of paper material, particularly cardboard, as a whole. Incidentally, in order to increase the efficiency of the transportation, the packages loaded on the single pallet have the same configuration. As an example each package is formed to include a bottom area having a dimension of 490 mm x 729 mm, and thus, an upper area of the pallet is selected to have a dimension of 980 mm x 729 mm. A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figs. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 is an exploded view a portion of a pallet according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing a top plate member 201, hollow tubular spacer members 202, and retainer members 204 for enclosing the spacer members. Fig. 2 shows a development of the retainer member 204. In Fig. 2, the retainer member 204 is made of foldable material such as a thick paper or a cardboard and includes five faces 204a₁ - 204a₅ bordered by bending lines x₁, x₂, x₃ and x₄. The retainer material is bent along the bending lines, as shown in Fig. 1, to form a hollow prismatic body. Each of both end faces 204a₁ and 204a₅ of the retainer material 204 is provided, at its outer edge portion, with semi-circular cut-outs or recesses 204b complementary to the cylindrical peripheral surface of the spacer member 202, whereas each of the faces 204a₂ and 204a₄ has through openings 204c formed therein, which through openings 204c are registered with each other when the retainer material is folded to face the faces 204a₂ and 204a₄ to each other. Next, an assembling method of the pallet will be explained with reference to Fig. 1. The top plate member 201 is made of a thick paper or plastic material. First of all, the spacer members 202 are obtained by cutting a cardboard pipe by a predetermined length. Three spacers 202 are arranged in line on the central face 204a₃ of the retainer material 204 (Fig. 2) and are fixed, at their lower end, to said face. Then, the retainer material having the spacer members 202 fixed thereon is folded along the bending lines x₁ - x₄ to enclose the spacer members and to fit the semi-circular recesses 204b in the end faces 204a₁, 204a₅ onto the outer cylindrical surfaces of the spacer members 202. A width (height) of each of the faces 204a₂, 204a₄ which constitute the opposite side walls of the completed retainer 204 is selected to be the same as the length of each spacer member 202 so that, when the retainer 204 is assembled, an upper end surface 202a of each spacer member 202 flushes with the folded faces 204a₁, 204a₅ of the retainer member 204. Further, the spacer members 202 are fixed to the faces 204a₃, 204a₁, 204a₅ at positions where the spacer members are not interfered with the through openings 204c when the retainer 204 is assembled, and accordingly, the registered through openings 204c formed in the faces 204a₂, 204a₄ are free from the spacer members. As shown in Fig. 3, the retainer members 204 each including the spacer members 202 therein act as leg members 206. The adhesive is applied to upper surface of each leg member 206 and to a lower surface of the top plate member 201, respectively. In this way, the leg members 206 are adhered to the lower surface of the top plate member 201. Fig. 3 shows a side view of the pallet wherein the leg members 206 are fixed to the top plate member 201, and Fig. 4 shows a section taken along the line A₁ - A₂ of Fig. 3. The above-mentioned top plate member 201, spacer members 202 and retainer members 204 constituting the pallet may be made of appropriate material. For example, if the articles to be loaded and transported are light-weighted, such members all may be made of thick paper material such as a cardboard; or, only the spacers 202 may be made of the cardboard and the top plate 201 and the retainers 204 may be made of plastic material. The length (height) of the spacer member 202 can be determined according to a desired height of the pallet when it is supported on the ground, and a wall thickness of the spacer member can be determined in consideration of the total weight of the article to be supported by the spacers. According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the spacer members are enclosed by the corresponding retainer member, and the folded faces 204a₁ and 204a₅ are abutted against each other to enclose the spacer members through the semi-circular recesses 204b so that the upper surface of the assembled retainer member 204 flushes with the upper end surface of each spacer member 202, thus fixing the spacers and the retainers simultaneously to the top plate member, the adhesion strength can be increased. In this embodiment, when the adhesive is also applied to edge surfaces of the semi-circular recesses 204b to be abutted against the outer cylindrical surface of each of the spacer members 202, the adhered area will be further increased. Further, in the embodiment, since the registered through openings 204c are formed in the opposed side walls 204a₂, 204a₄ of the retainer member 204, the forks of the pallet truck or fork lift can be inserted into these through openings. As a result, the forks of the pallet truck can be inserted into the pallet from all of four sides of the pallet. While in the embodiment, the example that the spacer member 202 comprises the hollow tubular member was explained, the spacer member may comprise a hollow prismatic body and the recesses 204c in the retainer material 204 may be semi-rectangular correspondingly. Next, a further embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figs. 5 to 9. A pallet according to the further embodiment includes a plate member 301 on which an article is loaded. The plate member 301 has a supporting portion 301a by which the article is supported, and extensions 301b₁ and 301b₂ positioned on both end of the supporting portion 301a (only the extension 301b₁ is shown). The extensions 301b₁ and 301b₂ each constitute an enclosing portion for enclosing cylindrical paper pipes 304 described later, and each is bendable along bending lines x₁ - x₄ as shown in Fig. 7. Faces 301b₁₋₁, 301b₁₋₂, 301b₁₋₃ and 301b₁₋₄ bordered by the bending lines of the extension 301b₁ constitute an outer side surface, a base surface, an inner side surface and an overlapped surface, respectively. The outer side surface 301b₁₋₁ and the inner side surface 301b₁₋₃ have through openings 301c formed therein. The overlapped surface 301b₁₋₄ is provided, at its outer edge portion, with semi-circular recesses 301d which can fit onto an outer cylindrical surface of each cylindrical paper pipe 304 described later. Fig. 6 shows a development of a retainer member 302. The retainer member is made of foldable material which can be bend along bending lines y₁ - y₄. Faces 302a₁ and 302a₂ outside of the bending lines y₁ and y₄ are folded to abut against each other so that these faces flush with each other, and these faces are provided, at their outer edge portions, with semi-circular recesses 302d for fitting onto the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical paper pipe 304 described later. Faces 302b₁ and 302b₃ has through openings 302c formed therein. Fig. 7 shows an assembling processes of the pallet. First of all, three cylindrical paper pipes 304 are fixed to the face 301b₁₋₂ of each of the extensions on both sides of the plate member 301 by the adhesive, and then the extensions are folded along the bending lines to enclose the three cylindrical paper pipes 304 as shown in Fig. 7. The adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the overlapped face 301b₁₋₄ and the upper end surfaces of the cylindrical pipes 304, and to the corresponding area on the lower surface of the plate member, thus adhering the overlapped face and the cylindrical paper pipes to the plate member. The through openings 301c formed in the outer side surface 301b₁₋₁ and the inner side surface 301b₁₋₃ are aligned with each other when the extension 301b₁ is completely folded. The other extension (301b₂; not shown) is similarly folded to include the cylindrical paper pipes fixed thereto. On the other hand, other three cylindrical paper pipes 304 are fixed to the central face 302b₃ of the retainer material 302 by the adhesive, and then, the retainer material is folded along the bending lines in order. In the folded condition, the semi-circular recesses 302d formed in the both end faces 302a₁ and 302a₂ are fitted onto the outer cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical paper pipes at the upper end of the pipes. Then, the adhesive is applied to the outer surfaces of the end faces 302a₁ and 302a₂ of the retainer 302 and to the upper end surfaces of the cylindrical paper pipes 304, and, thereafter, these members 302 and 304 are adhered to a central portion of the lower surface of the plate member 301 shown in Fig. 7. Figs. 8A, 8B show a side view and an elevational view of the assembled pallet, and Fig. 9 shows a section taken along the line A₁-A₂ of Fig. 8A. In this further embodiment, the material of the plate member 301 and the retainer member 302 of the pallet may be appropriately selected in accordance with the weight and/or size of the article which is loaded on the pallet; however, a foldable material, particularly cardboard material is preferable in view of cheapness and/or easiness of cutting operation. Of course, plastic resin material may be used, if necessary. The cylindrical paper pipe 304 may be made of plastic resin material or paper material so long as it has good adhesion property to the plate member 301 through the adhesive; however, preferably, the cylindrical paper pipe are made of a thick paper such as cardboard in view of the cheapness and workability. According to the pallet so assembled as shown in Figs. 8A, 8B and 9, since leg members positioned on both ends of the plate member are constituted by the extensions 301b₁, 301b₂ folded to enclose the cylindrical paper pipes 304 therein, the pressure from the article loaded on the plate member is transmitted from the plate member to the cylindrical paper pipes 304. Since the cylindrical paper pipes 304 have adequate strength to the buckling by appropriately selecting the length, diameter and thickness thereof, the leg members can bear the higher load. Further, in the pallet according to this further embodiment, since the pallet can be obtained only by blanking the through openings 301c and the semi-circular recesses 301d in the foldable extensions, by blanking the through openings 301c and the semi-circular recesses 301d in the retainer material 302, by folding the extensions and the retainer material and by adhering the cylindrical paper pipes and the retainer as mentioned above, the manufacture of the pallet can be simplified. In addition, since the cylindrical paper pipes are firmly held in the semi-circular recesses in the assembled condition as well as they are adhered to the retainer and plate member, the positional deviation of the cylindrical paper pipes can be effectively prevented, thus providing adequate durability and strength. Furthermore, in the pallet according to the further embodiment, by forming the through openings 301c, 302c in the extensions 301b₁, 301b₂ of the plate member 301 and in the retainer material 302 by the blanking operation, the assembled pallet is provided, at its opposed side walls, with the aligned through openings. Accordingly, the forks of the pallet truck or fork lift truck can be inserted into the pallet from all of four sides of the pallet as a whole (i.e., from both sides through the aligned through openings, and from front and rear sides through between the rows of the cylindrical paper pipes), whereby the pallet can be conveyed in any directions regardless of the direction of the article loaded on the pallet by means of the pallet truck. While in the further embodiment shown in Figs. 5 to 9 the example that the through openings 301c and 302c were formed in the extension of the plate member and in the retainer was explained, these through openings may appropriately be formed, and, if the forks are inserted into the pallet only from the front or rear side of the pallet, the through openings can be omitted. Next a first and second water-proof treatment for treating the cardboard will be fully explained. The water-proof treatment is carried out in order to eliminate the extreme reduction in strength of the cardboard due to the wetness of the same and to prevent uselessness of the cardboard, thus availing the various advantages of the cardboard such as lightness, cheapness and easiness of scrapping operation thereof. Now, the water-proof treatment is grouped into the first one and the second one according to the material to be treated (i.e., cardboard, used for top and bottom plate members, or craft paper, used for the spacers). That is to say, the first water-proof treatment is carried out regarding the cardboard material, and, briefly speaking, is effected by impregnating styrene group resin into the cardboard. In the first water-proof treatment, as a water-proof material, a mixture comprising polystyrene of 60 w% and petroleum resin of 40w% is used. Now, as the petroleum resin, hydrocarbon resin having number of molecular of 800 - 2000 and a melting point of 60 - 80 °C. The mixture is introduced into a heating bath and heated at a temperature of 60 °C to melt the mixture, and thereafter, the cardboard to be impregnated is completely immersed into the molten mixture for 10 - 15 minutes. Then, the cardboard removed from the heating bath is exposed in an atmosphere having a temperature of 40 - 60 °C for about an hour to remove the excessive polystyrene and the like by a dropping effect. Then, the cardboard is exposed in a heated atmosphere having a temperature of 110 °C for about two hours to dry the cardboard. Since the so dried resin-impregnated cardboard was dried too much, in order to supply the water component to the dried cardboard, finally, the cardboard is exposed in an atmosphere of high humidity for about an hour to make up for the necessary water component. In this way, the cardboard is subject to the water-proof treatment. On the other hand, the second water-proof treatment is carried out regarding the craft paper, rather than the cardboard, and, briefly speaking, is effected by impregnating parafin wax into the craft paper. In the second water-proof treatment, as a water-proof material, the parafin wax of 100% is used. The 100% parafin wax is introduced into a heating bath and is heated at a temperature of 80 - 100 °C to melt the parafin wax, and thereafter, the craft paper to be impregnated is completely immersed into the molten parafin wax for 20 - 30 seconds. Then, the cardboard removed from the heating bath is exposed in a room temperature (temperature: 25 °C, humidity: 65%) for four hours and then is exposed in a heated atmosphere having a temperature of 70 - 90 °C for two hours to remove the excessive wax by a dropping effect, thus setting the craft paper to include the wax of about 20 - 30 w%; in this point, the successive treatment processes have been completed. In this way, the craft paper is subject to the water-proof treatment. Accordingly, since the pallet is subject to the water-proof treatment as a whole, even if the pallet on which a plurality of packages are loaded is stored in a warehouse having high humidity for a long time, the pallet does not get wet, and accordingly, can keep the good pressure tightness. As mentioned above, since the whole pallet is made of paper material, the weight of the pallet can be reduced and the manufacturing cost thereof will be considerably cheap. Further, since no wooden material is used to construct the pallet, there is no need for fumigating the pallet. In addition, the pallet can be easily scrapped or disposed merely by burning up the pallet. In this way, the objects of the invention can be achieved. Furthermore, since the plates of the pallet are made of cardboard material, the configuration and/or size thereof can be easily altered or changed. Consequently, the configuration and/or size of the pallet can also be freely selected in accordance with the size of the package to be loaded, with the result that, by providing the pallet having the same size as that of the bottom of the package, the storage space in the warehouse can be effectively used without useless space. Further, as the above-mentioned water-proof treatment, a method for manufacturing a reinforced cardboard as disclosed in the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-43862 may be used. Fig. 11 shows a main portion of a pallet truck for conveying the pallet shown in Figs. 1 to 9. The pallet truck 24 may be one of the conventional conveying machines and, thus, the detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. However, it is to be understood that the pallet truck 24 includes a pair of left and right forks 26. An auxiliary wheel 30 is rotatably mounted on a front back surface of each fork 26 through a corresponding foldable leg 28. Further, a common rear portion of the forks 26 is supported, through a hydraulic jack 36, by a body portion 34 on which main wheels 32 are rotatably mounted, whereby the forks can be lifted or lowered by manipulating a lift handle 38. When it is desired to convey the pallet by the pallet truck 24, after the forks 26 of the pallet truck 24 are inserted into the pallet 10, the forks 26 are lifted with respect to the body portion 34 by actuating the hydraulic jack 36 through the manipulation of the lift handle 38. Consequently, the top plate member of the pallet is lifted. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 11, the auxiliary wheels 30 mounted on the forks 26 of the pallet truck 24 are gradually swung from the folded position to an erect or upstanding position in response to the actuation of the hydraulic jack 36. The upstanding wheels 30 are contacted with the ground GL without being interfered with the bottom plate member 16 by passing through openings 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d (Fig. 10) formed in the bottom plate member. Accordingly, as the forks 26 is lifted, the pallet is wholly elevated, thus separating the bottom plate member 16 from the ground GL as shown. In this way, the pallet is positively lifted from the ground and can be easily conveyed by means of the pallet truck 24 positioned on the ground through the main and auxiliary wheels 32 and 30.

Claims: A pallet for supporting articles comprising an upper plate member (201; 301), a plurality of retainer members (204; 301b₁, 301b₂; 302), each made of a foldable material and including a bottom surface (204a₃; 301b₁₋₂; 302b₂) bordered by side surfaces (204a₂, 204a₄; 301b₁₋₁, 301b₁₋₃; 302b₁, 302b₃), which are each bordered by one folding surface (204a₁, 204a₅; 301b₁₋₄, 301a; 302a₁, 302a₂), wherein said bottom surface (204a₃; 301b₁₋₂; 302b₂), said side surfaces (204a₂, 204a₄; 301b₁₋₁, 301b₁₋₃; 302b₁, 302b₃) and said folding surfaces (204a₁, 204a₅; 301b₁₋₄, 301a; 302a₁, 302a₂) are bent to form a hollow housing, and wherein said folding surfaces (204a₁, 204a₅; 301b₁₋₄, 301a; 302a₁, 302a₂) are either fixed to said upper plate member (201) or are formed as extensions of said upper plate member (301), and cylindrical or prismatic hollow spacers (202; 304), respectively having an upper end and a lower end and being housed in each of said retainer members (204; 301b₁, 301b₂; 302), characterized in that said folding surfaces (204a₁, 204a₅; 301b₁₋₄; 302a₁, 302a₂), not being an extension of the upper plate member (301), each comprise a plurality of semi-circular or semi-rectangular cut-out portions (204b; 301d; 302d) at their outer edge portions corresponding to an outer periphery of said cylindrical or prismatic spacers (202; 304) so that said upper ends of said cylindrical or prismatic spacers (202; 304) and the upper end surfaces of said folding surfaces (204a₁, 204a₄; 301b₁₋₄; 302a₁, 302a₂), not being an extension of the upper plate member (301) and having said semi-circular or semi-rectangular cut-out portions (204b; 301d; 302d), are flush with each other, whereby said upper ends of said cylindrical or prismatic spacers (202; 304) are fixed to said upper plate member (201; 301). A pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that only one retainer member (301b₁) extends from an edge portion of said upper plate member (301). A pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that two retainer members (301b₁, 301b₂) extend at opposite edge portions from said upper plate member (301). A pallet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said folding surface (204a₁, 204a₅; 301b₁₋₄; 302a₁, 302a₂) is fixed to said upper plate member (201; 301) by means of adhering. A pallet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said pallet further comprises a lower plate member spaced apart from said upper plate member (201; 301) and fixed to the bottom surfaces of said retainer members (204; 301b₁, 301b₂; 302). A pallet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said side surfaces (204a₂, 204a₄; 301b₁₁, 301b₁₋₃; 302b₁, 302b₃) are provided with openings (204c; 301c; 302c) into which forks of a fork lift truck can be inserted.

Inventors: MOTOMARU AKIRA, MOTOMARU, AKIRA
Applicants: CANON KK, CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1989
Main classification: B65D19
IPC codes: B65D19