BUILDING ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR WALL OR CEILING ELEMENT

Abstract: A building element, in particular a wall or ceiling element, of the kind composed of different layers of material, whereby in particular the inner layer or layers of material present(s) a limited stability of shape, and whereby such building elements in particular are wanted able to be assembled, respectively able to be joined in case of premanufactured building element(s), along at least one side edge or portion hereof is described, and which building element exhibits a larger strength, in particular in lateral direction, and which is easy to assemble and easy to keep clean to achieve a high degree of cleanliness is characterized in that the outer layer(s) of material (7) exhibit stability of shape, in that an of shape stable edge material (3) having sufficient width to reach between the layers of material exhibiting stability of shape (7) is fastened in lateral direction to the edge surfaces, being joinable, along these unto the building element, and in that a further material (2) is fastened unto in particular the opposite side of this edge material (3), and whereby this further material (2) in part is rather vaguely or to some extent elastomeric. A set of joining means (10, 11) is described.

Description: Building Element, in particular Wall or Ceiling Element. The present invention relates to a building element, in particular a wall or ceiling element, of the kind com¬ posed of different layers of material, whereby in particu- lar the inner layer or layers of material present(s) a limited stability of shape, and whereby such building ele¬ ments in particular are wanted able to be assembled, re¬ spectively able to be joined in case of premanufactured building element(s), along at least one side edge or portion hereof. It belongs to the prior art to compose building ele¬ ments, such as wall or ceiling elements, of more layers of materials, whereby their manufacture takes place in a manufacturing plant, whereafter the single building ele- ments as premanufactured building elements are transported to the erection site, where they together with other building elements are joined to form a building being wan¬ ted. The assembling of suchbuilding . elements takes placeby means of suitable joining means, such as pins, protruding from side edges of the elements and being shaped to fit together with holes or apertures in the side edges of the building elements to be joined with the pin means carrying building element(s). The pin means are being kept in place by means of suitable embedding " aterial or the like in the building elements, respectively the pin means could be loose such which first are put in place at the erection site, etc. Fish joints, etc. may naturally also be used as joining means. The problem connected herewith is, that in case of light-weight wall or ceiling element structures the joints are not strong and safe enough in practice to transfer the existing forces between the elements, of which reason such wall or ceiling elements do not remain sufficiently plane. but, due for instance to influences from the forces yield resulting in bulgings of the elements. The purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide a building ele¬ ment which is of a light-weight material structure, can be premanufactured as a building element, by means of easily handed joining elements may be joined at the erection site and features a considerable mechanic strength. Thebuilding element shall also present high heat insulationproperties. An embodiment of the building element shall be possible which permits easy cleaning of wall and ceiling surfaces making it possible to use the building element at places requiring a high level of hygiene, such as within food industry, cold stores, food stocks, etc. A building element of the aforementioned kind is according to the invention characterized in that the outer layer(s) of material exhibi (s) stability of shape, in that an of shape stable edge material having sufficient width to reach between the layers exhibiting stability of shape is fastened in lateral direction to the edge sur- ■ faces being joinable along these unto the building ele¬ ment,and which shape stable edge material in particular may be plate shaped, and in that a further material is fastened unto in particular the opposite side of this edge material, and whereby this further mate- rial in part is rather stable of shape and in part is vaguely or to some extent elastomeric. As the further layer of material according to the inventionmaybe contemplatedas asturdy and relativelythin, but of shape stable material, such as a steel plate, re- spectively as a stainless steel plate or as a plaster plate or plates, which material comprises the side surfaces or substantially the side surfaces of the building elements, whereby the internal layer of material may be of limited stability of shape and may be a foamed, insulating ate- rial, as according to the prior art, but might also be a mineral wool or rock wool material of the kind designated as concrete element bats for instance having a specific weight being roughly 1 % of the specific weight of the steel plate. For instance a .6 mm thick steel plate of the same kind as used for car bodies may be usable for a building element of roughly 100 mm thickness. The shape stable edge material may for instance consist of wooden material. The further material along the outer edge of the building element is contemplated to have a width corre- sponding to the width of the shape stable edge material. This material can for instance be socalled terrain bats exhibiting a specific weight being 2 to 3 times larger than for instance that of the concrete element bats. It is important that the fibres of such a material are oriented transversally to the building elements, i.e. athwart in relation to the building elements, because according to practice a more sturdy building element to be used as wall or ceiling element is provided in this way. A further embodiment according to the invention may be characterized in that the outer layer(s) of material and the surface of the shape stabilizing or surface of the material supporting layer(s) of material of the building element run(s) uninterrupted from the building element out over the further shape stabilizing edge material and out to the range comprising the terminating outer edge of this material. In total, a more shape stable embodiment of the building element is achieved in this way. In respect of manufature, it is possible to manufac¬ ture the building element according to the invention by use of gluing in between the more central portion of the building element and the edgematerial and the further edge material, thus again in concern of the more porous mate¬ rials to achieve a mutual relation of strength providing the building element with its surprisingly large strength (also in lateral direction) . The present structure of the building element pro¬ vides the possibility to put joining means in place to enable a joining of it with neighbouring elements and especially by means of under cut way of fastening to the shape stable edge material.In thismanner an.in extentionmo¬ rewide fastening surface for the joining means is achieved than it is possible by means..of• for instance the prior art pin joining. eans. According to the invention a joining means may con- sist of a joining means having a protruding hook means for the gripping into an in similar under cut manner fastened joining means of the building element to be joined there¬ to. By means of a set of joining means being formed in this manner it becomes possible to provide a fast joining of the building elements to each other at the erection site, and similarly the use of such joining means results in less critical influences on the established joints at the abutting surfaces of for instance similar building elements due to the existence of minor height level diffe¬ rences between the building elements. In this respect, for the achieving of a safe abutting between two building elements to be joined, it is according to the invention advantageous if the outer edge surfaces are shaped exhibiting a vaguely labyrinthic shape,mutually being of opposite shape. In this manner the abutting sur¬ face and the mutual gripping between them is safeguarding- ly and supportingly augmented for joining means having for instance the aforementioned hooklike shape. In case of a building element with dimensions as aforementioned, roughly spoken a power of at least 5000 N may be transferred per joining means. Hereof ,it is understood, that for many pur¬ poses it is sufficient with one joining means per meter length of the side edges of the building element. To achieve an increased fire resistance,it is possible that the outer layer(s) of material, such as a steel plate,. is(are) covered with an internal plaster plate. Embodiments according to the invention are descri- i bed in further details in the following with reference to the drawing, in which: Fig.s 1 and 6 as viewed from above illustrate a buil¬ ding elementembodied according to the invention being on both sides along ver¬ tical edges assembled to two other cor- responding building elements, Fig.s 2 and 7 in enlarged scale illustrate one of the assembly ranges according to Fig 1 , re¬ spectively according to Fig 6, as viewed from above in between two building ele- ments, Fig.s3 and 8 in the perspective illustrate the upper portion of that which is shown in Fig 2, respectively in Fig 7, in relation to the right building element as viewed obliquely from above towards the ele¬ ment, Fig.s 4 and 9 with further details shown in dotted lines illustrate the same as Fig 3, re¬ spectively Fig 8, and Fig.s 5 and10 supplementary to Fig 4, respectively to Fig 9, at some distance therefrom illu¬ strate the other building element accor¬ ding to Fig 2, respectively to Fig 7, showing details not shown in Fig 3 and re- spectively also not shown in Fig 8. In Fig.s 1 through 5, respectively in Fig.s 6 through 10, two possible embodiments according to the present in¬ vention are shown. Means which are equal or ocuupy the same functions are referred to with the same reference numeral in the drawing. The essential difference between Fig.s -1 through 5 and Fig.s 6 through 10 lays in the fact that according to Fig.s 6 through 10 two further layers of material 9 are comprised inside a further layer of mate¬ rial 7. The building element thus, comprises at .eas.t,one_ internal layer of material of limited stability of shape being in total referred to in the drawing as 1,. To achieve fire resistance it may be advantageous on both sides of the at least one internal layer of material 1 to position or fasten or apply for instance plaster plates 9. If these are relatively sturdy they may possibly as an alternative function as substitute for the layer(s) of material 7 ex¬ ternal to them. On the other hand the idea is that the layer(s) of material 7 is(are) layer(s) of steel plate which for instance may be glued unto layer(s) 1, respec¬ tively glued unto layer(s) 9. The layer of steel plate(s) may be covered with a plastic foil of not further speci¬ fied kind able to serve as a protecting layer against as well external chemical as mechanical attacks. It may be very advantageous if the layer(s) 7 on the outside is(are) provided with equidistantly spaced grooves or depressions 17. These serve to augment the sturdiness of such a steel plate also if the layer(s) 7 is(are) made of a stainless steel like or similar material. At the side edges the layers of material 7 and 9 protrude further out over a shape stable edge material 3 running along the side edge of the layer of material 1. This shape stable edge material 3 may consist of wood, hereunder also plywood, being with suitably strong means, such as with gluing, connected to as well layer(s) of ma¬ terial 1 as material 1 , respectively material 9. The thickness of this shape stable material may for instance be of the order of one tenth of the width (or of the thickness) of layer(s) of material 1. In the longitudinal direction of the building element the thickness of the shape stable material 3 is though dependent of the appli¬ cation of the building element, and the mentioning of this here should only be regarded as an example. Onto theother side of the shape stable edge material 3 is glued a further shape stable and vaguely or to some extend elastomeric material 2. This may be fastened by means of any suitable fastening means including gluing. The side edge surface being present on the layer(s) of material 2 which per se may be provided by more than one layer of material are shaped vaguely labyrinthic with labyrinthic surfaces 4 and 44 which at the joining of the two building elements are abutting against each other. In one of the building elements a joining means 10 with a hook means 11 being pivotable by means of an in dotted line shown tool 19 is shown that is insertable through for instance a side aperture 18 into the joining means 10. The hook means 11 is determined to grip together with a transversal pin 20 within a corresponding joining means housing 12. This joining means poses less demands to the two building elements so they may be joined even if they do not share the same common height of level. For sealing sealing tape, sealing lists or sealingcom¬ pound may be applied onto the side edge of the layer of material 2. The joining means 10 and 12 may comprise base portions, for fastening purpose, 10A and 12A for gripping under or behind an opening in the shape stable edge mate¬ rial 3. Grooves between the building elements are referred to with 5 in drawing. The element may possibly also be suited to serve as an external wall covering element.

Claims: C L A I M S 1. A building element, in particular a wall or cei¬ ling element, of the kind composed of different layers of material, whereby in particular the inner layer or layers of material present(s) a limited stability of shape, and whereby such building elements in particular are wanted able to be assembled, respectively able to be joined in case of premanufactured building element(s), along at least one side edge or portion hereof, c h a r a c t e - r i z e d i n t h a t the outer layer(s) of material (7; 7, 9) exhibit(s) stability of shape, in that an of shape stable edge material (3) having sufficient width to reach between the layers of material exhibiting stability of shape (7; 7, 9) is fastened in lateral direction to the edge surfaces, being joinable, along these unto the buil¬ ding element, and in that a further material (2) is faste¬ ned unto in particular the opposite side of this edge ma¬ terial (3) , and whereby this further material (2) in part is rather vaguely or to some extent elastomeric. 2. A building element according to claim 1 c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the further material (2) along the outer edge of the buidling element has a width corresponding to the width of the shape stable edge material (3) . 3. A building element according to claim 1 or 2 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the shape stable material (3) has a specific weight being larger, for instance 2 to 3 times larger, than the specific weight of the inner layer of material (1), which for instance can be attained if the inner layer of material (1) consists of concrete element bats, and if the shape stable material (3) consists of terrain bats. 4. A building element according to claim 1 , 2 or 3 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the shaoe stable edge material (3) is fibre containing material with the fibres preferably being oriented transversally, i.e. in direction of the width, in the building element, and the thickness of the shape stable material (3) is for instance on the order of 1/1Oth of the width (or thick¬ ness) of the inner layer of material (1). 5. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the outer layer(s) of material (7) and the surface of the shape stablizing or surface of the material supporting layer(s) of material (9) of the building element run(s) uninterrup¬ ted from the building element out over the further shape stabilizing edge material (3) and out to the range compri¬ sing the terminating edge of this material (3) . 6. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the building element is manufactured by use of gluing in be¬ tween the more central portion (1) of the building ele¬ ment and the edge material (3) and the further edge mate- rial (2) for augmenting the strength of the building ele¬ ment in for instance lateral direction. 7. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t joi¬ ning means (10, 11) are put in place to enable a joining of it with neighbouring elements and in particular by means of under cut way of fastening to the shape stable edge material (3) , whereby for instance such a joining means may have a protruding hook means (11) for the grip¬ ping into an in similar under cut manner fastened joining means (10, 13) of the building element to be joined there¬ to. 8. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the outer edge surfaces (4, 44) are shaped exhibiting avaguely labyrinthic shape, mutually being of opposite shape. 9. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the outer layer(s) of material (7) internally are covered with aplaster plate (9). 10. A building element according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n H a t for sealing sealing tape, sealing lists or sealing com¬ pound is applied in or on the side edge of the layer of material (2) .

Inventors: ODGAARD RICHARD, ODGAARD, RICHARD
Applicants: ISOCOOL AS, ISOCOOL A/S
Application year: 1989
Main classification: E04C2
IPC codes: E04B1, E04C2