Low-irritant detergent composition

Abstract: A low-irritant detergent composition comprising alkyl saccharide surfactant and sulfosuccinate surfactant is disclosed. The detergent composition possesses excellent foaming capability and low-temperature stability. The detergent composition also imparts fine feeling when used as a detergent for the hair and the skin without irritation to the skin.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention : The present invention relates to a low-irritant detergent composition, and, more particularly, to a detergent composition comprising an alkyl saccharide surfactant and a sulfosuccinate surfactant. The detergent composition possesses high foaming capability and low irritation to the skin. The detergent composition also imparts favorable feeling when used as a detergent for the hair or the skin without irritation. Description of the Background Art: Nonionic surfactants have conventionally been used as a component for detergent compositions for the skin and the hair They are less irritant in nature. However, since they are inferior in foaming capability to other types of surfactants, the amount which can be formulated is limited when they are incorporated especially in detergent compositions which call for high foaming properties. such as shampoos, body detergents. and the like. Some other drawbacks have accompanied the detergent compositions containing a single conventional nonionic surfactant, which include creaky feel upon use, poor foaming capability, and insufficient detergency when they are used as a detergent for the skin or the hair. Among nonionic surfactants. alkyl saccharide surfactants have excellent foaming capability. Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 104625 1983 discloses compositions containing an alkyl saccharide surfactant together with an anionic surfactants such as alkylsulfate. The proposed compositions exhibit high foaming capability They, however. provoke irritation to the skin or the sculp Furthermore, compositions containing an alkyl saccharide surfactant having an alkyl group of C 10 or more are unstable at a low temperature and tend to precipitate. EP-A-0 280 143 ciscloses a liquid detergent composition for dish-washing on the basis of alkylglycosides with a content of dialkylsulfosuccinates. This detergent composition has an enhanced detergency power. There has existed. therefore, a desire to develop detergent compositions which are usable as a detergent for clothing. dish-washing, human body including the hair and the skin, and the like, and are stable and less irritant to the skin and the hair. and which can provide sufficient foaming capability and detergency. In view of this situation, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems, and, as a result, found that by formulating an alkyl saccharide surfactant together with a sulfosuccinate surfactant, the foaming capability could be improved and the composition was capable of producing creamy foam which gives excellent slippery feel to the skin when it was foamed. The inventors also found that the composition gave excellent feeling to the skin and the hair after washing without irritation to the skin and that the composition was also improved in low-temperature stability. These findings have led to the completion of this invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-irritant detergent composition in accordance with claim 1. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will hereinafter become more readily apparent from the following description DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS There is no restriction to alkyl saccharide surfactants to be used in this invention inasmuch as they can be used for an ordinary detergent. These alkyl saccharide surfactants are the compound represented by the following formula (I): R 1 -(OCH 2 CH 2 ) I -(G) p wherein R 1 represents a C 8-11 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkylphenyl group, G represents a C 5-6 reducing sugar, I denotes a number of 0 to 20, and p denotes a number of 1 to 1.4 preferable examples of R 1 are nonyl groups, or decyl groups. The basic unit of a hydrophilic saccharide portion is a C 5-6 reducing sugar (G in formula (I)). Given as preferable examples of the reducing sugar are glucose, galactose, and fructose. The degree of polymerization (S) of saccharide (p in formula (I)) is in the range of 1 to 1.4 as mentioned above. From the aspect of securing good foaming capability the polymerization degree (S) of saccharide is in the range of 1 to 1.4 in a mixed surfactant composition of an alkylsaccharide surfactant and a sulfosuccinate surfactant. The foaming capability decreases with an increase in the polymerization degree. The mean value of polymerization degree (S) can be determined by the Proton-NMR method. Given as examples of the alkyl saccharide surfactant are β-alkyl saccharides synthesized by known Koenings-Knorr method, such as octyl glucoside, nonyl glucoside, decyl glucoside, polyoxyethylene(EO = 2)dodecylglucoside and the like [alkyl saccharides produced from a higher alcohol, polyoxyethylene alkylether alcohol, and a reducing sugar such as glucose, galactose, maltose, and the like (U.S. Patent No. 3,839,318 and U.S. No 3,598,865)]. The alkyl saccharide surfactant of this invention is preferably incorporated in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight. It is desirable that the surfactant be formulated into the detergent composition of this invention in an amount of 2 to 30% by weight if the composition is a shampoo. 5 to 50% by weight if the composition is a detergent for the skin, and 2 to 40% by weight if the composition is a dish-washing detergent. The sulfosuccinate surfactant used in the present invention is represented by formula (II) or (III): wherein R 2 represents R 3 -O-(CH 2 CH 2 O) m - or R 4 CONH-(CH 2 CH 2 O) m - (wherein R 3 represents a C 8-22 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, R 4 represents a C 7-21 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, and m denotes a number of 0 to 20), and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cation capable of forming a water-soluble salt and selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal. ammonium and organic ammonium. Given as examples of a sulfosuccinate of higher alcohol or its ethoxylate, the compounds represented by formula (II) or (III), are a disodium salt of sulfosuccinate of a secondary alcohol having 11 to 13 carbons [Softanol® MES 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, manufactured by NIPPON SHOKUBAI KAGAKU KOGYO CO., LTD (each number denotes an average addition mol of ethylene oxide (EO))], a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of lauryl alcohol or lauryl alcohol ethoxylate (EO = 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, Kohacool® L-400, etc., manufactured by Toho Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.), a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of synthetic primary alcohol with a C 12-15 carbon content or its ethoxylate (EO = 2 - 12), a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of Guerbet alcohol with a C 8-12 carbon content or its ethoxylate (EO = 2 - 12). Given as examples of the sulfosuccinate derived from a higher fatty acid amide are a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of polyethylene glycol (EO = 1, 2) amide laurate, a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of polyethylene glycol (EO = 1, 2) oleate, a di-sodium salt of sulfosuccinate of coconut oil fatty acid polyethylene glycol (EO = 4). Among these, a linear mono higher alcohol succinate with a C 11-13 carbon content is preferable in view of agreeable feel and foaming capability. It is desirable that a sulfosuccinate surfactant be incorporated in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight into the detergent composition of this invention. with particularly desirable amount being 2 to 20% by weight when it is used as a surfactant of a shampoo, 5 to 50% by weight when it is used as a surfactant of a detergent for the skin, and 2 to 40% by weight when it is used as a surfactant of a dish-washing detergent. It is preferable that the total amount of an alkyl saccharide surfactant and a sulfosuccinate surfactant to be incorporated into the detergent composition of the present invention be 5 - 90% by weight with 10 to 60% by weight being particularly preferable The proportion of an alkyl saccharide surfactant a sulfo succinate type surfactant may be arbitrarily selected in the range of 1 : 9 to 9 : 1 The range of 1 : 4 to 4 : 1 is particularly preferable. The detergent composition of this invention is preferably adjusted to pH 3 to 10 by adding known acidic or alkaline agents. It is particularly preferable that the pH of the detergent composition be adjusted to 4 to 8. In addition to the above essential ingredients, conventional components used for detergents may be arbitrarily incorporated into the composition of this invention to the extent that the effect of the invention is not impaired. Given as examples of these components are humectants such as propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, and the like; viscosity modifiers such as methyl cellulose, carboxylvinyl polymer, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyoxyethyleneglycol distearate, ethanol, and the like; pearling agents; perfumes; coloring agents; UV ray absorbers; anti-oxidants; germicides such as trichlosan, trichlorocarban, and the like; antiphlogistics such as potassium glycyrrhizate, tocopherol acetate, and the like: antimicrobial agents such as methylparabene, butylparabene. and the like; solubilizing agents such as sodium or potassium salt of toluenesulfonic acid or xylenesulfonic acid, urea. and the like; viscosity adjusting agents such as a mineral clay, a water-soluble polymer, and the like; water-insoluble abradants such as calcite, fluorite, calcium phosphate, zeolite, polyethylene, nylon, polystyrene, and the like; enzyme, and the like. The detergent compositions of the present invention can be used as various detergents such as detergents for clothing, dish-washing detergents. detergents for the hair and the skin, and the like. The detergent composition of this invention may be formed into any forms known to the art to be adopted for detergents. It is desirable that the total content of an alkyl saccharide surfactant and a sulfosuccinate surfactant to be incorporated into the detergent composition be above 30% by weight if the formulation is a solid type, above 20% by weight if the formulation is a paste type, and above 10% by weight if the formulation is a liquid type. Other features of the invention will become apparent in the course of the following description of the exemplary embodiments which are given for illustration of the invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof. EXAMPLES Example 1 The detergent compositions (pH 7) having the formulation shown in Table 1 below were prepared. Foam amount, foam quality, feeling to the hair and the skin. storage stability, irritation to the skin of the compositions were evaluated. Foam quality. feeling to the hair and the skin, and irritation to the skin were evaluated by the following method. 1 gm of the detergent composition was applied onto healthy Japanese woman's hair weighing 10 gm and 15 cm wide. The hair immediately after the detergent was foamed for one minute was rinsed and then dried with a drier and was then subjected to evaluation. While, 1 gm of the detergent was taken on the palm of the hand and foamed by adding an appropriate amount of water. The skin of the hand immediately after foam was made and the skin after rinsed and dried were evaluated. The evaluation was conducted by a panel consisting of 5 specialists. The foam amount was determined by reverse stirring method. The low-temperature stability of the detergent compositions were evaluated by observing by naked eyes after they were stored at 5 ° C and -5 ° C for one month. The irritation to the skin of the detergent composition was evaluated on the skin of a guinea pig after the skin was washed seven times with 25% aqueous solution of the detergent. 〈Evaluation Standard〉 Foam amount AAA: abundant foam was observed BBB: insufficient foam was observed CCC: little foam was observed Foam quality AAA: creamy and slippery BBB: a bit coarse and not a bit slippery CCC: coarse and non slippery Feel to the hair and the skin AAA: not creaky and agreeable BBB: rather strongly creaky and slightly objectionable CCC: strongly creaky and objectionable Low-temperature stability AAA: transparent BBB: slightly turbid CCC: turbidity or precipitate occurred Irritation to the skin AAA: non irritant or slightly irritant BBB: weakly irritant CCC: moderately and acutely irritant Example 2 〈Dish-washing detergent〉 (1) C 10.2 -(G) 1.3 15 wt% (2) Disodium Polyoxyethylene(3) laurylsulfosuccinate 5 wt% (3) Lauryl dimethylamineoxide 2 wt% (4) Ethanol 3 wt% (5) Perfume Slight amount (6) Coloring substance Slight amount (7) Tap water Balance 〈Preparation〉 Components (1), (2), (3), (4), and (6) were added to water to dissolve. Component (5) was then added to the solution. The dish-washing detergent obtained had hign detergency an excellent foaming capability. The detergent also imparted fine feeling upon use and good rinsing capability. Experimental Example 1 The effect of polymerization degree (S) of saccharide (p in formula (I)) on foaming capability of a detergent was investigated. The tests were performed using 0.3% of decyl polyglycosides having polymerization degrees (S) shown in Table 2 and 0.2 % of disodium polyoxyethylene(EO = 3)monolauryl sulfosuccinate according to a reverse stirring methoc using 0.5% lanolin. The results are shown in Table 2 Polymerization degree Foam amount (ml) p = 1.15 223 p = 1.4 206 p = 1.8 180 p = 1.15 130

Claims: A low-irritant detergent composition comprising an alkyl saccharide surfactant and a sulfosuccinate surfactant, characterized in that the alkyl saccharide surfactant is a compound represented by the following formula (I): R 1 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) I -(G) p wherein R 1 represents a C 8-11 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkylphenyl group, G represents a C 5-6 reducing sugar, I denotes a number of 0 to 20, and p denotes a number of 1 to 1.4, the sulfosuccinate surfactant is represented by the following formula (II) or (III): wherein R 2 represents R 3 -O-(CH 2 CH 2 O) m - or R 4 CONH-(CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -, wherein R 3 represents a C 8-22 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, R 4 represents a C 7-21 , linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, and m denotes a number of 0 to 20, and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cation capable of forming a water-soluble salt and selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and organic ammonium. Use of a composition according to Claim 1, as a detergent composition for the skin and hair. The low-irritant detergent composition according to Claim 1, which contains said alkyl saccharide surfactant 1-60% by weight and said sulfosuccinate surfactant 1-60% by weight. The low-irritant detergent composition according to Claim 1, wherein the ratio by weight of said alkyl saccharide surfactant to said sulfosuccinate surfactant is 1:9 to 9:1.

Inventors: HIROTA HAJIME, KAMEGAI JUN, TAKAMURA HIROMI, HIROTA, HAJIME, KAMEGAI, JUN, TAKAMURA, HIROMI
Applicants: KAO CORP, KAO CORPORATION
Application year: 1989
Main classification: C11D1
IPC codes: C11D1