Shared object status indicating

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a user dependent status indication for shared electronic mail objects within a distributed computing system. In certain electronic mail systems multiple users are permitted to share access to selected electronic mail objects in a so-called "affinity" relationship whereby selected end users are permitted to access identical address space within a computer. Within such systems it is difficult to ascertain a particular status of a selected electronic mail object with certainty due to the fact that multiple users may have access to that electronic mail object. An attribute list is associated with each electronic mail object which may contain multiple sets of attributes, each set associated with a group of recipients, a subgroup of recipients or an individual end user having access to that electronic mail object. Thereafter, the activities of each end user are used to modify each attribute list associated with that end user. An end user may then periodically determine and display the status of an individual mail object with regard to the entire group of recipients, a subgroup of recipients or an individual end user.

Description: This invention relates to shared object status indicating in electronic mail systems, primarily those which permit multiple end users to share access to an electronic mail object and is thought to,efficiently provide user dependent status indication for such shared mail objects. The electronic mail is rapidly supplanting Post Office mail as a means for communicating between individuals - see Cabrera, L.F. et al.: Pollster - A Document Annotation System for Distributed Environments, USENIX ASSOCIATION SUMMER CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, June 1986, ATLANTA US, pages 142-158. One significant advantage of electronic mail is that the transmission time associated with each electronic mail message is ordinarily only seconds, or fractions of a second, as compared to Post Office mail which ordinarily requires several days. The mailing time associated with Post Office mail often causes significant delay in the conduct of business and has been largely ignored, and consequently tolerated, until the advent of Express Mail services and electronic mail. Currently, this widespread delay of business is identified as "float" and the minimising or eliminating of this float has become one goal of business managers, efficiency experts and others hoping to increase societal productivity. The widespread use and increased sophistication of electronic mail systems have given rise to a problem wherein multiple users are permitted to share access to a particular mail object. The difficulty associated with such systems revolves around the inability of end users within the system to determine the status of a particular mail object with regard to a particular end user due to the fact that the mail object may have been accessed by multiple users. Thus, it should be obvious that a need exists for a method for providing a user dependent status indication suitable for use with shared electronic mail objects. It is therefore one object of the present invention to provide an improved electronic mail system. The present invention provides a method for indicating the status of a shared mail object within a distributed computing system having a plurality of end users, more than one of which may have access to the shared mail object, the method comprising the steps of: establishing an attribute list for a shared mail object received from the distributed computing system; automatically modifying portions of the attribute list in response to the activities of each end user having access to the shared mail objects; and automatically determining the status of each shared mail object with regard to an end user by means of the modified attribute list. Such an arrangement is thought to provide an improved electronic mail system which permits multiple users to share access to a single electronic mail object and can provide a user dependent status indication for such shared electronic mail objects. In modern electronic mail systems multiple users are sometimes permitted to share access to selected electronic mail objects in a so-called "affinity" relationship wherein more than one user is permitted to access a designated address space within the computer. Within such systems it is difficult to ascertain a particular status of a selected electronic mail object due to the fact that multiple users may have access to that object. In one arrangement according to the present invention disclosed hereinafter, an attribute list is associated with each electronic mail object which may contain multiple sets of attributes, each set associated with a group of recipients, a subgroup of recipients or an individual end user. Thereafter, the activities of each end user are used to modify each attribute list associated with that end user. An end user may then periodically determine and display the status of an individual mail object with regard to the entire group of recipients, a subgroup of recipients or an individual end user. The present invention will be described further by way of example with reference to one embodiment thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a block diagram of a distributed computing system ; Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating the different types of multiple status attribute lists that can be invoked; Figure 3 is a logic flowchart illustrating the association of multiple status attribute lists with the receipt of electronic mail objects; and Figure 4 is a logic flowchart illustrating a modification of multiple status attribute lists in response to the activities of an end user. With reference now to the figures and in particular with reference to Figure 1, there is depicted a distributed computing system 8 comprises a Local Area Network (LAN) which serves to connect a plurality of end users. In this manner Users A, B, C, D and E are all connected together in a manner which will permit the transfer of electronic mail objects. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that other distributed computing systems may be used, such as, for example, a Host processor and a plurality of Interactive Work Stations (IWS). Referring now to Figure 2, it will be seen that different types of multiple status attribute lists can be invoked. The disclosed process is applied upon a receipt of mail 10, which may comprise one or more mail items which have been received from the distributed computing system. Of course, mail 10 may include a group of associated mail descriptors 12 which provide general information concerning mail 10 such as: addressees; folder information; data/time sent and/or received; and, other such information. Next, a plurality of "view profiles" are established. In the disclosed arrangement, there are provided three different view profiles, each of which is used to aid in the specification of an indication of the status of a shared mail object or a component of a shared mail object with regard to all of the recipients, a subgroup of the recipients or an individual recipient. For example, public view profile 14 is a specific view or profile of a particular electronic mail object which is presented to all users having access to that shared electronic mail object. Naturally, only one public view is permitted per mail object. Similarly, group view profile 16 may be used to aid in the specification of the status of the mail object with regard to certain subgroups of end users specified by the mail object owner. Of course, the mail object owner may not specify any subgroups for a particular mail object so there may be no group view profile in that case. In this manner, the mail object owner may elect to specify selected subgroups of end users for which status may be determined. Finally, private view profile 18 may be defined for any end user having access to a particular shared electronic mail object. From each view profile defined above, a set of attributes is established and maintained whereby the status of a shared electronic mail object may be determined with regard to all recipients, a subgroup of the recipients or an individual recipient of that mail object. By way of illustration, shared attributes 20 serve to provide the public view of a selected electronic mail object which is visible to Users A, B, C, D and E. Shared attributes 20 will preferably contain status indications such as "New" or "Old", "Opened" or "Unopened" which are perceived by all users having access to the mail object. The public view attributes associated with shared attributes 20 may also be used with user set attributes 22 and 24, in addition to other specific user group attributes, such as action items. Each user set of attributes may be associated with a particular subgroup of end users. As is illustrated, user set attributes 22 are associated with Users A and B and user set attributes 24 are associated with Users C, D, and E. Finally, user attributes 26, 28, and 30 are each associated with an individual end user and may be used to provide a private view of the status of an individual mail object. For example, a mail object may be "Opened" by any user having access; however, the object may not be "Seen" by a user who has not previously opened the mail object. In this manner, the status of a shared electronic mail object may be accurately determined with regard to a particular end user. In accordance with the method of the present invention, each set of attributes is continually modified by the activities of individual end users in order to update the status of each shared mail object. Additionally, the "status" of a mail object may disclose more than the transmission and receipt status of electronic mail. For example, the user set attributes may be used to provide action items which are only visible to a particular set of end users, based upon the nature of the action item. Similarly, user attributes may be used to provide personal reminder notes placed by a particular user which are then private to that user and not visible to other users. The logic flowchart of Figure 3 illustrates the association of multiple status attribute lists with the receipt of an electronic mail object. As may be seen, the process begins at block 40 which illustrates the receipt of electronic mail from the network which is placed into the electronic mail-basket of a particular end user within a group of end users. Next, as depicted in block 42, the shared attributes are set based upon the public view profile which is determined by the recipients of the shared mail object. Thereafter, the user set attributes are set based upon any group view profiles which may have been defined by the mail object owner, as described above and as illustrated in block 44. Finally, the user attributes are set, as depicted in block 46. The user attributes are set based upon the private view profile which is established by any end user having access to the shared mail object. Thereafter, as illustrated in block 48, certain automatic actions may be performed based upon the public view profile. For example, a mail waiting notification may be sent to all affinity users after the receipt of a mail object. Similarly, certain automatic actions based upon the group view profile may be accomplished, as depicted in block 50. One such example may be the placing of action items for a particular defined user set, as defined above. Finally, certain automatic actions may be accomplished based upon the private view profile which has been established, as illustrated in block 52. Thereafter, the process terminates, as illustrated in block 54. Referring now to Figure 4, there is depicted a logic flowchart illustrating the modification of multiple status attribute lists in response to the activities of a particular end user. As may be seen, this process begins at block 60 with the user wishing to view his or her mail-basket. Next, as depicted in block 62, the list of mail objects within the mail-basket is presented to the user based upon the aforementioned public, group and private views. As illustrated in block 64 the user may then view and manipulate any mail object within his or her mail-basket. Automatically, in response to the activities of the user depicted in block 64, each appropriate attribute set for that particular mail object is altered to reflect the change in status brought about by the activities of the end user, as illustrated in block 66. Next, block 68 depicts the determination of whether or not the end user is to continue processing and if so, the process returns to block 64 so that the end user may access and possibly modify a subsequent mail object. In the event the end user elects to discontinue processing, then the process terminates at block 70, as illustrated. Those skilled in the art will have appreciated that the disclosed arrangement provides for the status of individual shared electronic mail objects to be determined in a user dependent manner. That is, rather than the global status which has previously been possible using known electronic mail systems, the disclosed arrangement permits individual users to accurately and rapidly determine the status of a particular mail object with regard to all recipients of that mail object, selected subgroups of recipients of that mail object or individual recipients of that electronic mail object.

Claims: A method for indicating the status of a shared mail object within a distributed computing system (8) having a plurality of end users (A-E), more than one of which may have access to the shared mail object, the method comprising the steps of: establishing an attribute list for a shared mail object received from the distributed computing system (8); automatically modifying portions of the attribute list in response to the activities of each end user having access to the shared mail objects; and automatically determining the status of each shared mail object with regard to an end user by means of the modified attribute list. A method as claimed in Claim 1, further including the step of periodically displaying the status of a selected shared mail object. A method as claimed in either preceding Claim, wherein the attribute list established for a shared mail object received from the distributed computing system (8) comprises at least one set of attributes containing an indication of the status of the shared mail object with regard to at least one end user. A method as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the attribute list established for a shared mail object received from the distributed computing system (8) comprises at least one set of attributes containing an indication of the status of the shared mail object with regard to at least one subset of end users. A method as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the attribute list established for a shared mail object received from the distributed computing system (8) comprises at least one set of attributes containing an indication of the status of the shared mail object with regard to all end users (A-E) having access to the shared mail object. A method as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the step of modifying portions of the attribute lists in response to the activities of each end user (A-E) having access to the shared mail object comprises the step of modifying each set of attributes containing an indication of the status of the shared mail object with regard to the end user. A method as claimed in Claim 2 or any Claim appendant thereto, wherein the step of periodically displaying the status of a selected shared mail object comprises the step of displaying the status of a selected shared mail object in response to a selection of the selected shared mail object by an end user.

Inventors: HEYEN JOHN GARY, KASIRAJ CHANDER, WOLF TIMOTHY JAMES, HEYEN, JOHN GARY, KASIRAJ, CHANDER, WOLF, TIMOTHY JAMES
Applicants: IBM, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
Application year: 1989
Main classification: H04L12
IPC codes: H04L12, G06F13, G06Q10