DEVICE FOR ELIMINATING RATTLE IN A GEAR BOX

Abstract: Device for eliminating mechanical rattle in a gear box. One of a pair of inter-engaging gears (4, 5) is made with a shoulder (9) on which a disc (8) is rotatably mounted. The disc is made with gear teeth (7) corresponding to the gear teeth (6) of the gear (5). Pre-tensioned rubber elements (13) laid into opposing cavities in the inner circumference of the disc and in the shoulder, strive to angularly displace the disc relative to the gear, so that the teeth of the disc compensate for the backlash between the gears (4, 5).

Description: Device for eliminating rattle in a gear box The present invention relates to a device for eliminating mechanical rattle between a pair of inter-engaging gears, comprising a gear element cooperating with one gear, said gear element being rotatably mounted on a hub portion joined to said one gear, having the same tooth profile and number of teeth as the gear and being connected to the gear via rotationally resilient elements, which are pre- -tensioned in the engagement position of the gears. In most automobiles with a manual transmission there is a mechanical rattle when idling. The noise is produced when the teeth of the gears strike each other at a certain frequency since the gears in the gear box are imparted an acceleration due to the non-uniform running of the engine at low rpm. The oscillations which are produced are trans¬ mitted via the clutch and the input shaft and are caused not only by the engine but also by the drag torque of the gear box. The engine flywheel has a greater angular acce¬ leration and oscillation amplitude at low engine speeds, so that idle rattle increases in most cases with decreas¬ ing rpm. A low idling rpm is, however, in general desir¬ able since it improves fuel economy. Several different methods of reducing or completely eli- minating idling rattle in gear boxes are known. It is for example possible to use clutches with special stiffness and dampening, to increase the moment of inertia of the flywheel or to reduce the backlash between the gears. It is also possible to use a friction brake in the gear box, to pre-tension the gears or alter their moments of in¬ ertia. In most cases these methods are either not suf¬ ficiently effective for reducing rattle or they are expensive since they require relatively extensive modi¬ fications of existing components. As regards the reduction of backlash, it is for example not practically possible to achieve a small enough play to provide effective reduction of rattle. The pre-tensioning devices hitherto brought into use have had a tendency to produce their own addi- tional noises. By means of a device of the type described in the intro¬ duction, which is known by for example EP 0 199 265, it is possible to achieve an effect which is nearly the same as when the backlash between the gears is practically comp¬ letely eliminated. The known device has gear members interconnected with the aid of a pre-tensioned leaf spring fixed between pins, said spring being housed in a space formed by grooves in opposing sides of gear members. Such a device is relatively complicated to manufacture and assemble and there is a risk that it will produce its own rattle, especially when wear has caused play in the spring mounting. The purpose of the present invention is to achieve a de¬ vice of the type described, in the introduction, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and assemble and which eliminates the risk of producing its own noise. This is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that the resilient elements comprise elastic elements which are disposed in opposing, circumferentially spaced cavities in the hub portion and in the circumferen¬ tial inner surface facing the hub of the gear element and are disposed to keep the gear element and said one gear angularly displaced relative to each other before they are brought into engagement with the other gear. The device according to the invention has a low pr.oduction cost and is simple to assemble. The cavities in the gear hub and the gear element, respectively, can be produced by simple milling operations. By virtue of the fact that the cavities lie in the radially inner portion of the gear, they do not affect the tooth shape during the quenching process. Assembly is simplified by virtue of the fact that the elastic elements can in principle lie loosely in the cavities. The device produces no noise by itself if elas¬ tic elements of rubber are used, which elements not only provide a pre-tensioning torque but also attenuate oscil¬ lations . The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an example shown in the accompanying draw¬ ings , where Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a portion of a gear box with a device according to the invention. Figure 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a section along the line III-III in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a portion of the gear in Figure 2, Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 of a prefer¬ red embodiment of the device according to the invention in an unloaded state, and Figure 6 shows a view of the device in Figure 5 in a pre- -tensioned state. In Figure 1. 1 designates a portion of a gear box housing, in which two shafts 2, 3 are rotatably mounted. The shafts carry individual gears 4, 5. which engage each other. Gear 4 is rotatably mounted on its shaft 2 and is lockable and releasable by means of an engaging sleeve (not shown) , while the gear 5 is non-rotatably fixed on its shaft 3. As is most clearly shown in Figure 4, the gear 5 is divid- ed into two parts 6, 7. The gear portion 7 is in the form of a thin annular disc 8, while the gear portion 6 is a portion of the gear proper 5. The disc 8 is rotatably mounted on a shoulder 9 in the hub portion 10 of the gear 5. Cavities 11 and 12 in the inner edge of the disc 8 and in the shoulder house rubber elements 13, which form the resilient element, against the force of which the disc 8 5 is rotatable relative to the gear 5. A thin plate 14 between the hub portion 10 of the gear 5 and an adjacent bearing 15 fixes the disc 8 and the rubber elements 13 axially relative to the gear 5. The rubber elements 13 can be loosely placed or fixed by heat into the cavities 11, TO 12. The cavities 11, 12 are so arranged relative to the gear portions 6 and 7 that, when the disc is mounted in place on the shoulder 9 and the rubber elements 13 are laid into T5 the cavities, but before the gear 5 has been mounted into the gear box and brought into engagement with the gear 4 r the gear portions 6, 7 are angularly displaced in relation to each other. This is illustrated, exaggerated to some degree for the sake of illustration, in Figure 4. In prac- 20 tice, there is a lateral displacement of 1-2 mms between the teeth addenda in the gear portions 6 and 7. The main requirement is that the lateral displacement between the gear portions 6, 7 is greater than the backlash between the teeth of the gears 4, 5. 25 When the gear 5 is mounted in engagement with the gear 4, the angular displacement of the disc 8 is reduced relative to the gear proper 5, which creates a pre-tensioning in the rubber elements 13. The teeth of the disc 8 will thus 30 be constantly spring-biased so that one flank 16 (Figure 3) will always be in contact with the opposing tooth flank of the gear 4. In this way, backlash is practically eliminat¬ ed between the gears. By virtue of the fact that one flank 17 is always unloaded, it can be machined to lower re- 35 quirements of precision and finishing, which reduces production costs. The embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6 differs from that described above in that the resilient elements comprise, in addition to the rubber elements 20 corresponding to the elements 13 above, metal leaf springs 21 as well. The elements 20 are made with projections 22 extending into dove tail grooves 23 in the disc 8. The leaf springs 21 are fused to the rubber elements 20 and the resilient elements consisting of the parts 20. 21 are held together in place in the disc 8 by the projections 22 and the cavities 23 when mounting the disc on the shoulder 9 on the gear hub 10. The cavities 12 in the hub are so dimen¬ sioned relative to the shape of the leaf springs 21 in the unloaded state, that there is a slight play "S" which facilitates assembly. This play "S" provides an expansion space for compressed rubber when pre-tensioning the resi¬ lient elements, as is evident from Figure 6. By dividing the resilient elements in two different components in the manner described above a device is provided in which each component can be "tailor-made" for a specific task. Thus the rubber elements 20 are primarily designed to damp oscillations, while the leaf springs 21 are primarily designed to achieve sufficiently great pre-tensioning torque. As can be seen in Figures 2, 5 and 6, the cavities 12 in the shoulder portion 9 of the hub 10 are arcuate. The cavities 11 in the gear disc 8 have a bottom portion 11a which extends essentially tangentially to the hub portion 9, and a rear wall lib, which extends essentially perpen¬ dicular to the bottom portion 11a. Each leaf spring 21 has a portion 21a with a shape adapted to the arc of the cavity 12 and an adjacent portion 21b extending into the cavity 11, which abuts the rear wall lib. Trials over long periods of time have shown that the design described fulfills useful life requirements as regards rattle elimination and resilience and the device produces no noise of its own even after extended use.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Device for reducing mechanical rattle between a pair of inter-engaging gears, comprising a gear element cooperat¬ ing with one gear, said gear element being rotatably mounted on a hub portion joined to said one gear, having the same tooth profile and number of teeth as the gear and being connected to the gear via rotationally resilient elements, which are pre-tensioned in the engagement posi¬ tion of the gears, characterized in that the resilient elements comprise elastic elements (13; 20) which are disposed in opposing, circumferentially spaced cavities Cll. 12) in the hub portion (9) and in the circumferential inner surface facing the hub of the gear element (8) and are disposed to keep the gear element and said one gear angularly displaced relatively to each other before they are brought into engagement with the other gear. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavities (12) in the hub portion are arcuate, as viewed in a radial plane, while the cavities (11) in the gear ele- - ment have a first limiting surface (11a) which is tangen¬ tial relative to the circumference of the hub, and a second limiting surface (lib) which extends essentially perpendicular to and radially inwards from the radially outer end of the first limiting surface. 3.. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the resilient elements comprise, firstly an elastic ele¬ ment (20) of rubber or a rubber-like material and secondly a metal leaf spring (21) which abuts against the side of the elastic element facing the cavity (12) in the gear hub (9). 4_ Device according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the leaf spring (21) has a portion (21a) with an arcuate shape adapted to the cavity (12) in the hub por¬ tion and an adj'oining portion (21b) extending into the cavity (11) in the gear element, said portion (21b) abut¬ ting against the second limiting surface (lib) of the cavity.

Inventors: JANISZEWSKI GRZEGORZ, JANISZEWSKI, GRZEGORZ
Applicants: VOLVO AB, AB VOLVO
Application year: 1989
Main classification: F16H55
IPC codes: F16H55