Quinoxaline derivatives and antiulcer agents

Abstract: Quinoxaline derivatives of formula (I) are provided. wherein A is a hydrogen atom or 2-quinoxalyl group, B is 2-­ pyridyl or 4-quinolyl group and n is 0 or 1, or a pharmaceu­ tically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. They are useful as antiulcer agents.

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to new 2-pyridylmethylsulfinyl- or 4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl-quinoxaline derivatives, or 2-pyridylmethylthio- or 4-quinolylmethylthio-quinoxaline derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are of prominent antiulcer activity. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The agents used as the antiulcer drugs include H₂-receptor antagonists, anticholinergic agents, gastric mucosal protective agents and antacids, which are used depending upon the symptom of patients. These known agents, however, are of such drawbacks as generally weak activity and frequent occurrence of side effects. For example, cimetidine, which is a H₂-receptor antagonist widely employed, is known to have side effects such as gynecomastism. Moreover, numbers of cases are reported about recurrence of ulcer after suspension of administration with cimetidine. Anticholinergic agents are known to have such side effects as suppression of gastric motility, core-diastasis and thirst. Furthermore, they exhibit activity only for a limited period of time. Antacids are known to have frequent occurrence of such side effects as constipation. As described above, known antiulcer agents were limitedly used in terms of manner of administration due to their side effects, and they have common drawback of exhibiting somewhat weak activity. In EP-A-0 234 690 2-pyridylmethylsulfinylquinoxalines and in JP-A-62 209062 2-pyridylmethylthio- and pyridylmethylsulfinylquinoxalines are disclosed, which are useful as anti-ulcer agents. Further, EP-A-0 285 089 discloses 4-thioquinazoline derivatives and processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions which are also used as anti-ulcer agents. Another group of compounds having anti-ulcer activity are disclosed in EP-A-0 301 422. However, the compounds of the foregoing documents show the above mentioned disadvantages. The present invention results from efforts to develop new quinoxaline derivatives with more improved antiulcer activity. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION According to the invention, there are provided quinoxaline compounds of formula (I) wherein A is a hydrogen atom or a 2-quinoxalyl group, B is a 2-pyridyl or 4-quinolyl group and n is 0; or wherein A is a hydrogen atom, B is a 4-quinolyl group and n is 1; or wherein A is a 2-quinoxalyl group, B is a 2-pyridyl or 4-quinolyl group and n is 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. The compounds of formula (I) wherein n is 0 are prepared by reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein A has the same meaning as defined above, with a compound of formula (III) HalCH₂ - B (III) wherein Hal represents a halogen atom and B has the same meaning as defined above in the presence of a base, e.g., inorganic and organic bases, or alkali metal alkoxides. In this reaction, the compound of formula (III) is used in the proportion of 0.5 to 5 moles per mole of the compound (II). The reaction can be conducted at temperatures between 0°C and 150°C in an aqueous medium or an organic solvent, e.g., lower alcohols, ether solvents, ethyl acetate, acetone, or halogenated hydrocarbons. The compounds of formula (III) used in the reaction include those wherein halogen is chlorine, bromine or iodine, but the preferred compounds are those wherein halogen is chlorine because of their easy availability. Further, the compounds of formula (I) wherein n is 1 are prepared by subjecting the compounds of formula (I) wherein n is 0 to an oxidative reaction. The oxidizing agents used in the oxidative reaction include peroxides, e.g., peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid or hydrogen peroxide, halogen, e.g., bromine, N-bromosuccinimide, nitric acid, chromic acid, potassium permanganate, or sodium metaperiodate. The oxidative reaction is usually carried out using an equal or excess amount of the oxidizing agent for the compound of formula (II). The reaction may be conducted in an aqueous medium, but is preferably carried out in an organic solvent, e.g., halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, chloroform, or acetic acid. The reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, and reaction time, are varied depending on the kinds of the reaction solvents used, the reaction starting materials and the oxidizing agents used. For instance, the reaction using m-chloroperbenzoic acid as the oxidizing agent and chloroform as the reaction solvent is carried out at the temperatures between -40°C and 100°C, preferably -20°C and 30°C for the time between several minutes and several hours. Representative examples of the compounds represented by formula (I) are recited below. 2-(4-Quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline, 2-(2-Pyridylmethylsulfinyl)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline, 2-(4-Quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline, 2-(2-Pyridylmethylthio)-quinoxaline, 2-(4-Quinolylmethylthio)-quinoxaline, 2-(2-Pyridylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline, and 2-(4-Quinolylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline. The compounds of formula (I) can be converted, if desired, to pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which are included within the scope of the present invention. Concrete examples of addition salts include the salts of the compounds with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or oxalic acid. The compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are of prominent antiulcer activity. Thus, the present invention also provides antiulcer agents which comprise as an active ingredient the compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, optionally in admixture with additives for pharmaceutical preparation. The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may by formulated into various forms which are commonly used in the art and which are administered orally or parenterally. For example, they may be formulated into tablets, capsules, suppositories, troches, syrups, creams, ointments, granules, powders, injectable solutions or suspensions. Alternatively, they may be formulated into double or multiple layer tablets, together with other active principles. Furthermore, they may be formulated into coated tablets such as sugar-coated tablets, enteric-coated tablets and film-coated tablets. In order to obtain solid preparations, the compound of this invention are mixed with such conventional diluents or fillers as lactose, refined sugar, crystalline cellulose, corn starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, magnesium stearate or talc. In order to obtain semi-solid preparations, the compounds of this invention are mixed with such additives as plant wax, synthetic wax or fats. In order to obtain liquid preparations, the compounds of this invention are mixed with such diluents or additives as sodium chloride, sorbitol, glycerol, olive oil, almond oil, propylene glycol or ethanol. The compounds of the invention may normally be contained in a preparation in an amount of from 0.1 to 100% by weight, more suitably in an amount of from 1 to 50% by weight in the case of preparations for oral administration and from 0.2 to 20% by weight in the case of injectable preparations. There is no particular limitation as to the method of administration and the dosage of the antiulcer agents according to the invention. They are chosen, depending on the form of preparation, age of patients, sex or degree of symptom. Normally, however, the dosage will be in the range of from 10 to 1,000 mg per day. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be administered in conjunction with one or more other active principles such as antacids, non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents or other types of antiulcer agents. Example 1 Preparation of 2-(2-pyridylmethylthio)-quinoxaline 11.7 ml of 28% methanolic solution of sodium methoxide were added to a solution of 4.9 g of 2-mercapto-quinoxaline and 4.9 g of 2-chloromethylpyridine hydrochloride in 50 ml of methanol and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 10% ethyl acetate/chloroform to give 4.51 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from ether/hexane) mp 64.8-69.9°C NMR (CDCl₃): 4.73(2H,s), 7.10-7.20(1H,s), 7.49-7.75(4H,m), 7.87-8.04(2H,m), 8.06(1H,d, 5Hz), 8.12(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1600, 1580 MASS: 253(M⁺), 220 Example 2 Preparation of 2-(2-pyridylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline 7.2 ml of 28% methanolic solution of sodium methoxide were added to a solution of 4.9 g of 2-mercapto-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline and 3.0 g of 2-chloromethylpyridine hydrochloride in 50 ml of methanol and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The reaction solution was poured into 100 ml of water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 6% ethyl acetate/chloroform to give 1.62 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from ethyl acetate) mp 165.3-167.5°C NMR (CDCl₃): 4.78(2H,s), 7.10-7.19(1H,m), 7.55-7.90 (6H,m), 8.00-8.07(1H,d,7Hz), 8.12-8.34(3H,m), 8.56(1H,d,5Hz), 9.97(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1600, 1585 MASS: 381(M⁺), 348, 289 Example 3 Preparation of 2-(4-quinolylmethylthio)-quinoxaline 9.1 ml of 28% methanolic solution of sodium methoxide were added to a solution of 7.65 g of 2-mercaptoquinoxaline and 8.17 g of 4-chloromethylquinoline in 100 ml of methanol and stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. To a reaction solution was added 100 ml of water, the solution was extracted with chloroform, and purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 10-15% ethyl acetate/chloroform to give 6.55 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from isopropyl ether) mp 94.1-107.0°C NMR (CDCl₃): 5.04(2H,s), 7.59-7.82(5H,m), 7.95-8.08 (2H,m), 8.21(2H,d,5Hz), 8.59(1H,s), 8.84(1H,d,5Hz) IR (nujol): 1590 MASS: 303(M⁺), 270(100%), 173 Example 4 Preparation of 2-(4-quinolylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline 5.9 ml of 28% methanolic solution of sodium methoxide were added to a solution of 4.5 g of 2-mercapto-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline and 4.91 g of 4-chloromethylquinoline in 50 ml of methanol and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The crystals precipitated in the reaction solution were collected by filtration. Recrystallization from chloroform/hexane gave 1.35 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from chloroform/hexane) mp (dec) 212.4-214.2°C NMR (CDCl₃): 5.07(2H,s), 7.53-8.32(13H,m), 8.82(1H,d, 5Hz), 9.90(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1600 MASS: 398(M⁺-33), 289 Example 6 Preparation of 2-(2-pyridylmethylsulfinyl)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline A solution of 0.63 g of 2-(2-pyridylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline and 0.34 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid in 50 ml of chloroform was stirred for one hour. The reaction solution was washed with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 50% acetone/chloroform to give 0.54 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from chloroform/hexane) mp (dec) 197.4°C NMR (CDCl₃): 4.59(1H,d,12Hz), 5.22(1H,d,12Hz), 7.20-7.28(1H,m), 7.74(1H,t,7Hz), 7.04-8.01(4H,m), 8.20-8.27(1H,m), 8.31-8.43(2H,m), 8.54(1H,d,5Hz), 8.72-8.80(1H,m), 10.11(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1610, 1590 Example 7 Preparation of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline A solution of 6.5 g of 2-(4-quinolylmethylthio)-quinoxaline and 4.4 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid in 100 ml of chloroform was stirred for one hour under ice-water cooling. The reaction solution was washed with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with acetone to give 3.91 g of the title compound. Pale yellow crystals (from ethyl acetate) mp (dec) 147.1-149.9°C NMR (CDCl₃): 4.69(1H,d,13Hz), 4.96(1H,d,13Hz), 7.23-7.48(2H,m), 7.60(1H,t,8Hz), 7.79-7.95(3H,m), 8.03-8.18(3H,m), 8.83(1H,d,5Hz), 9.03(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1600, 1060 MASS: 319(M⁺), 270, 142 Example 8 Preparation of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline A solution of 1.1 g of 2-(4-quinolylmethylthio)-3-(2-quinoxalyl)-quinoxaline and 0.75 g of m-chloroperbenzoic acid in 50 ml of chloroform was stirred for one hour under ice-water cooling. The reaction solution was washed with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with acetone to give 0.41 g of the title compound. Yellow crystals (from chloroform/hexane) mp (dec) 182.2-189.4°C NMR (CDCl₃): 5.04(1H,d,13Hz), 5.36(1H,d,13Hz), 7.12 (1H,t,8Hz), 7.42(1H,d,8Hz), 7.55(1H,d,4Hz), 7.64-8.28(10H,m), 8.90(1H,d,4Hz), 10.03(1H,s) IR (nujol): 1590, 1050 MASS: 415(M⁺-32), 399, 397, 289, 144 Example 9 This example illustrates the determination for the antiulcer activity of the compounds according to the invention. Four-week-old ddY series male mice were used as the test animals after they were fasted for 24 hours. Each test compound suspended in a 1% gum arabic solution was administered to the stomach of each mouse at a dose of 100 mg/kg, and then, after 30 minutes, 20 mg/kg of indomethacin was administered orally. Four hours after the administration of indomethacin, the stomach of mouse was extirpated and the length of ulcers was measured. Then, the ulcer index was determined by the total sum of the scores as calculated in Table 1. Length of ulcer 0.5mm< 1mm< 2mm< 3mm< Score 0.5 1 2 3 The mean ulcer index of each group was calculated and the suppression rate against the control group in terms of difference in the mean ulcer index was determined. The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows that the compounds of the invention possess prominent antiulcer activity. The following examples illustrate the various types of preparations which comprise as an active ingredient the compounds of the invention. Preparation 1 Tablet 50 mg of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline, 77 mg of lactose, 15 mg of crystalline cellulose, 7 mg of corn starch and 1 mg of magnesium stearate (each per tablet) were thoroughly mixed, and then the mixture was tableted with a rotary tableting machine into a tablet of 7mm diameter, weight 150 mg. Preparation 2 Granule 50 mg of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline, 230 mg of lactose, 110 mg of corn starch and 100 mg of crystalline cellulose were thoroughly mixed. Meanwhile, 10 mg of hydroxypropyl cellulose were dissolved in 90 mg of ethanol and the solution was added to the previously prepared mixture. The whole mixture was kneaded and granulated. The granules were air-dried at 50°C and then sieved into the grain size of from 297µm to 1460µm. 500 mg of the granules were packed into a unit dosage form. Preparation 3 Syrup 5 g of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline, 30 g of refined sugar, 25 g of 70 w/v % D-sorbitol, 0.03 g of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and 0.015 g of propyl p-hydroxybenzoate were dissolved in 60 ml of warmed water. After the solution was cooled, a solution of 0.2 g of a flavor in 0.15 g of glycerol and 0.5 g of 96% ethanol was added. The whole mixture was diluted with water to balance 100 ml. Preparation 4 Injectable solution 5 mg of 2-(2-pyridylmethylthio)-quinoxaline and 10 mg of sodium chloride were dissolved in sterilized distilled water to balance 1 ml. Preparation 5 Suppository 20 g of polyethylene glycol 4000 were added to a solution of 10 g of 2-(4-quinolylmethylsulfinyl)-quinoxaline in 70 g of glycerol. The mixture was warmed and poured into a suppository mold and then cooled to give suppositories, each weighing 1.5 g.

Claims: A compound of formula (I) wherein A is a hydrogen atom or a 2-quinoxalyl group, B is a 2-pyridyl or 4-quinolyl group and n is 0; or wherein A is a hydrogen atom, B is a 4-quinolyl group and n is 1; or wherein A is a 2-quinoxalyl group, B is a 2-pyridyl or 4-quinolyl group and n is 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises at least one compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. Use of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, for the preparation of medicaments having antiulcer activity.

Inventors: HAGIHARA KOICHIRO, NAKAMARU KOICHI, SUZUKI YOSHIKUNI, TAKAHASHI TOSHIHIRO, HAGIHARA, KOICHIRO, NAKAMARU, KOICHI, SUZUKI, YOSHIKUNI, TAKAHASHI, TOSHIHIRO
Applicants: NISSHIN FLOUR MILLING CO, NISSHIN FLOUR MILLING CO., LTD.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: C07D401
IPC codes: C07D401, A61P1, A61K31