Method for controlling the presentation of nested overlays

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling the presentation of nested overlays on a display medium. An overlay function resource is provided which includes its own environment specification which is independent of the space and data environment specifications. Mixing attributes are associated with each overlay and are utilized to determine which overlay space and data are to take precedence and be visible when the overlayed spaces are combined and imaged on a display medium. In a preferred mode of the present invention, the foreground and background of each overlay are separately controlled by the mixing attributes which define the mixing rules for the layered presentation of multiple overlays. Additionally, the order of precedence for displaying multiple overlays may be selectively altered or varied to provide multiple displays and to permit an individual overlay to be repetitively utilized.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Technical Field This invention relates in general to the presentation of layered or nested overlays and in particular to the utilization of layered overlays to provide an effective three-dimensional image with a two-dimensional display medium. Still more particularly, this invention relates to the provision of an overlay function which permits the simultaneous display of a large number of overlays to form a composite display. Background Art The simultaneous display of multiple overlays or viewports is known in the prior art. For example, in multi-tasking environments it is common to have two or more applications active and displayed in viewports or "windows" which may fully or partially overlap. A known technique for handling this type of display involves a so-called "toggle" presentation wherein one of two overlapping windows is alternately displayed in accordance with the state of a control variable. This technique works well for alternately viewing one of two windows but will not permit the merging or mixing of multiple overlays to form a composite display. Similarly, a second display technique is known for viewing layered viewports or windows which involves the utilization of a pseudo-three-dimensional cursor wherein the operator may "drive" the cursor into the display to view a layer beneath the layer being displayed. While this technique permits the user to separately view a selected one of multiple overlayed windows, it will not permit the merging or mixing of multiple overlays to form a composite display. Recently, a system has been proposed which permits the controlled display of multiple layers of display by allowing a user to select a particular layer. For example, an architectural display of a building may be presented which depicts an outer elevation of the structure. The user may then select a second display which may depict the electrical distribution system or the plumbing system associated with the building, or some additional display which is associated with the primary display. As with the previously discussed systems, this system permits the selective presentation of one of a plurality of layered presentations. In document EP-A-0 019 045, is provided the technical capability of placing a large variety of different cell images on a display screen, without a large character generator, by avoidance of a complicated shifting, reflecting and masking logic. While this technique can be useful to optimization of the logic necessary to go from the image, ready to display and residing in the computer memory, to its actual display on the computer screen down to the screen pixel level, it does not, and neither do any of the previously discussed systems, help the person skilled in the art solve the problem that the present invention seeks to solve, i.e. a composite presentation to be displayed on the computer screen. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore one object of the present invention to provide an improved method of displaying nested overlays. It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved method of displaying nested overlays which permits multiple overlays to be simultaneously displayed in a composite presentation. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an improved method of displaying nested overlays which permits the order or precedence of multiple nested overlays to be selected or altered. The foregoing objects are achieved as is now described. An overlay function resource is provided in accordance with the method of the present invention which includes its own environment specification, which is independent of space and data environment specifications. Mixing attributes are associated with each overlay and are utilized to determine which overlay space and data are to take precedence and be visible when the overlay spaces are imaged together on a display medium. More particularly, the invention consists in a method of displaying an image including a plurality of overlayed windows on a computer screen comprising the steps of dividing the image into areas each incorporating a selected combination of overlayed windows, associating with each of said areas a mixing attribute between each pair of overlayed windows for controlling the combination of said pair in said area, and presenting the image for display on the computer screen. In a preferred mode of the present invention, the foreground and background of each overlay are separately controlled by the mixing attributes which define the mixing rules for the layered presentation of multiple overlays. Additionally, the order or precedence for displaying multiple overlays may be selectively altered, or varied by the operator, to provide multiple displays and to permit the utilization of a particular layer in multiple applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself; however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: FIGURE 1 depicts a pictorial representation of a computer screen which includes multiple nested overlays which are selectively combined to form a composite presentation in accordance with the method of the present invention; FIGURE 2 is a graphic representation of the overlay function which controls the mixing of the multiple layered presentation of Figure 1 in accordance with the present invention; and FIGURE 3 is a logic flow diagram of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT With reference now to the figures and in particular with reference to Figure 1, there is depicted a pictorial representation of a computer screen 10 which includes multiple nested overlays which are selectively combined to form a composite presentation 12 in accordance with the method of the present invention. As can be seen, computer screen 10 includes a composite presentation 12 which is divided into nine separate display areas: upper left quadrant 14; upper leg 16; upper right quadrant 18; left leg 20; midsection 22; right leg 24; lower left quadrant 26; lower leg 28; and, lower right quadrant 30. In accordance with the method of the present invention, each display area within composite presentation 12 incorporates a selected combination of four separate overlays. The actual data within overlay 1 is depicted within upper left quadrant 14, overlay 2 is depicted within upper right quadrant 18, overlay 3 is depicted within lower left quadrant 26 and overlay 4 is depicted within lower right quadrant 30. The display within each of the remaining display areas is a result of selected combinations of these four overlays in a manner which will be explained in greater detail herein. Referring now to Figure 2, there is depicted a graphic representation of the overlay function which controls the mixing of the multiple overlays to form composite presentation 12 (see Figure 1). As can be seen, row 32 depicts the visual result present in each display area of Figure 1 with "b" indicating a blank space in the display. Similarly, rows 34, 38, 42, 46 depict the content of each of the four overlays which are utilized to form composite presentation 12. Still referring to Figure 2, rows 36, 40, and 44 depict the mixing attributes for each display area within composite presentation 12 which may be utilized, in accordance with the method of the present invention, to combine or merge the multiple overlays into the resultant display. As may be seen, each display area includes a mixing attribute between each pair of overlays which controls the combination of that pair of overlays. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, each mixing attribute includes two portions, the first of which applies to the background of an overlay and the second of which applies to the foreground of the overlay. The combination of multiple overlays is accomplished in accordance with the aforementioned mixing attributes as will be explained below. The first character in each mixing attribute is applied to the background of the appropriate overlay and may consist of one of the characters: "I"; "O"; and "T" or a blank space. The "I" character signifies "Ignore", indicating that the entire content of the upper overlay is to be considered invisible and does not appear. Next, the "O" character signifies "Opaque", indicating that anything below the upper overlay will not be seen through the upper overlay. The "T" character signifies "Transparent", indicating that anything below the upper overlay will show through the background or holes in the foreground. Finally, a blank space is utilized where an "O" character above renders anything below not visible and no mixing attribute is required although in practice mixing attributes may actually be specified. These indications are also utilized as the second character in each mixing attribute and are applied in that position to the foreground of each appropriate overlay. As can be seen, by utilizing the overlay function resource depicted herein, it is possible to efficiently describe a three-dimensional view of a space on a two-dimensional medium. Further, global overlay modifications are facilitated by providing a local identifier for global overlay name mapping making it simple to add or delete overlays and to change their order by localizing the changes to the name mapping function. Similarly, the use of an overlay function resource permits individual overlays to be repetitively utilized for different purposes within a single display. Referring again to the graphic representation of Figure 2, several examples of the effect of the utilization of these mixing attributes may be illustrated. For example, the content of lower left quadrant 26 is generated by applying the mixing attributes "II" of row 36 between overlay 1 and overlay 2, mixing attributes "II" of row 40 between overlay 2 and overlay 3 and mixing attribute "OO" of row 44 between overlay 3 and overlay 4. That is, overlays 1 and 2 are ignored and overlay 4 is not visible since it is below an opaque mixing attribute for overlay 3. Similarly, the content of midsection 22 is generated by reviewing the mixing attributes "TT" of rows 36, 40, and 44 indicating that all four overlays are to be combined with transparent backgrounds. With reference now to Figure 3, there is depicted a logic flow diagram of the method of the present invention. As is illustrated, after starting at block 50, the image area is initialized in block 52. Next, block 54 determines whether or not the image area includes an overlay. If not, the image area is presented, as depicted in block 62 and the program ends, as illustrated in block 64. In the event the image area includes an overlay, block 56 depicts the calling of a mixing routine which is specified in the manner depicted in Figure 2. The results of the application of a mixing routine are then stored, as illustrated in block 58, and block 60 is utilized to determine whether or not an additional overlay is present within the image area. If an additional overlay is present, the program returns to block 56 and the next mixing routine is called. This process continues until the last overlay has been evaluated. Thereafter, the resultant composite image is presented, as depicted in block 62 and the program ends. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that by utilizing the overlay function resource of the present invention, it will be possible to utilize an overlay repeatedly to generate a complex composite presentation. Additionally, a self-contained method of specifying an overlay environment is utilized which makes the overlay independent of overlaid data and other overlays thereby permitting it to be reused at different locations without undesirable side affects being introduced into the overlay by the environment for the data or other overlays.

Claims: A method of displaying an image including a plurality of overlayed windows on a computer screen comprising the steps of: dividing the image into areas each incorporating a selected combination of overlayed windows, associating with each of said areas a mixing attribute between each pair of overlayed windows for controlling the combination of said pair in said area, and presenting the image for display on the computer screen. The method of claim 1, characterized in that it further includes the step of selectively altering the order in which said windows are overlayed. The method of claim 1, characterized in that it further includes specifying a visual characteristic of the background of portions of windows that are present in each of said areas. The method of claim 3, characterized in that it further includes causing said background to become transparent. The method of claim 3, characterized in that it further includes causing said background to become opaque. The method of claim 1, characterized in that it further includes specifying a visual characteristic of the foreground of portions of windows that are present in each of said areas.

Inventors: BARKER BARBARA ANN, EDEL THOMAS R, STARK JEFFREY A, BARKER, BARBARA ANN, EDEL, THOMAS R., STARK, JEFFREY A.
Applicants: IBM, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
Application year: 1989
Main classification: G09G5
IPC codes: G06F3, G06T11, G09G5, G06T15