ENCODER

Abstract: An encoder having two encoder units. An encoder having two encoders each having means for storing offset between said two encoder units and means for reading and correcting the offset. An encoder having an encoder with means for storing amplitude difference and phase difference between the encodes and means for reading and correcting the amplitude difference and phase difference, and further having two encoder units and means for generating an offset erasing signal between the two units. An encoder having an encoder that has means for storing offset between each unit and the offset erasing signal generating means, and means for reading and correcting the offset, and further having two encoder units and means for generating an offset erasing signal between the two encoder units. An encoder has means for storing amplitude difference and phase difference between the units, and means for reading and correcting the amplitude difference and phase difference.

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an improvement applicable to an encoder. More specifically, this invention relates to an improvement applicable to a plurality of means for correction of offset, difference in amplitude and/or difference in phase which may occur in output signals of an optical encoder. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Referring to Fig. 1, an exemplary means available in the prior art for correction of offset, difference in amplitude and/or difference in phase existing in output signals of an optical encoder. The upper half of Fig. 1 illustrates an A phase encoder, and, the lower half of Fig. 1 illustrates a B phase encoder. The A phase encoder and the B phase encoder are substantially identical to each other, excepting each of them has a function to individually detect the angular position of two independent parts of a single rotator, the angular position of the two independent parts differring from each other by 90 degrees in terms of phase. A first means for sensing angular position of A phase (1A) detects the inverse phase of the phase which a second means for sensing angular position of A phase (2A) detects. The output signals of these two means (1A) and (1B) are input to a sine wave generator means of A phase (3A), which subtracts the one of the two signals from the other of the two signals and generates a sine wave signal which represents the angular position of the rotator. If the sine wave generator means of A phase (3A) happens to generate a sine wave signal containing an offset caused by a difference in amplitude existing between the output signal of the first means for sensing angular position (1A) and the output signal of the second means for sensing angular position (2A), an operational amplifier for erasing offset of A phase (31A) is employed for the purpose to erase the offset existing in the output signal of the A phase encoder. In other words, an adjuster means e.g. a volume resistor of the operational amplifier for erasing offset of A phase (31A) is adjusted to adjust the amplification factor of the operational amplifier for erasing offset of A phase (31A), resultantly causing the amplitude of the output signal of the first means for sensing angular position of A phase (1A) to become equal to the amplitude of the output signal of the second means for sensing angular position of A phase (2A). Similar operation is conducted also for the B phase encoder which detects the angular position of a part whose angular position differs from that of the part of the same rotator whose angular position is detected by the A phase encoder, by 90 degrees in terms of phase. In other words, the output signals of a first means for sensing angular position of B phase (1B) and the output signals of a second means for sensing angular position of B phase (2B) are input to a sine wave generator means of B phase (3B), which subtracts the one of the two signals from the other of the two signals and generates a sine wave signal which represents the angular position of the rotator. If the sine wave generator means of B phase (3B) happens to generate a sine wave signal containing an offset caused by a difference in amplitude existing between the output signal of the first means for sensing angular position (1B) and the output signal of the second means for sensing angular position (2B), an operational amplifier for erasing offset of B phase (31B) is employed for the purpose to erase the offset existing in the output signal of the B phase encoder. In other words, an adjuster means e.g. a volume resister of the operational amplifier for erasing offset of B phase (31B) is adjusted to adjust the amplification factor of the operational amplifier for erasing offset of B phase (31B), resultantly causing the amplitude of the output signal of the first means for sensing angular position of B phase (1B) to become equal to the amplitude of the output signal of the second means for sensing angular position of B phase (2B). If a difference in amplitude happens to exist between the output signal of the sine wave generator means of A phase (3A) and the output signal of the sine wave generator means of B phase (3B), an operational amplifier for erasing amplitude difference of A phase (32A) which is attached to the sine wave generator means of A phase (3A) or an operational amplifier for erasing amplitude difference of B phase (32B) which is attached to the sine wave generator means of B phase (3B) is employed for the purpose to make the amplitude of the sine wave output of the sine wave generator means of A phase (3A) equal to the amplitude of the sine wave output of the sine wave generator means of B phase (3B). In other words, an adjuster means e.g. a volume resistor of the foregoing operational amplifier (32A) or (32B) is adjusted to adjust the amplification factor of the foregoing operational amplifier (32A) or (32B), resultantly satisfying the above purpose. If the difference in phase between the sine wave output signal of the sine wave generator means of A phase (3A) and the sine wave output signal of the sine wave generator means of B phase (3B) happens to differ from 90 degrees, either an operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of A phase (33A) or an operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of B phase (33B) is employed for the purpose to erase the error in phase difference. In other words, the output signal of either the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of A phase (33A) or the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of B phase (33B) is added to or subtracted from the output signal of the sine wave generator means of the other phase (3B) or (3A) respectively, to shift the phase, resultantly to erase the error in phase difference. In this case, adjustment of the output signal of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of A phase (33A) or adjustment of the output signal of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of B phase (33B) is generally conducted by adjusting the amplification factor respectively of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of A phase (33A) or of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of B phase (33B), the adjustment of the amplification factor being conducted by employing an adjuster means e.g. a volume resister of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of A phase (33A) or by employing an adjuster means e.g. a volume resister of the operational amplifier for erasing phase difference error of B phase (33B). The above description has clarified that an optical encoder available in the prior art and which is employable for detecting the angular position of a rotator is designed to erase or correct various errors, including a difference in amplitude which happens to exist between two signals which represent the angular position of the foregoing rotator and which have a difference in phase by 180 degrees or 90 degrees between each other, an error which happens to exist for the difference in phase which theoretically should be 90 degrees or 180 degrees, and/or an offset which happens to exist for the one or both signals described above, by adjusting the amplification factor of one or more operational amplifiers, such adjustment being conducted by adjusting one or more adjuster means e.g. one or more volume resistors attached to the foregoing one or more operational amplifiers. Since the foregoing adjustment is troublesome and requires a long time to conduct, and since the foregoing operational amplifiers accompanied by adjuster means e.g. one or more volume resistors readily requires a large space for installation, the optical encoder available in the prior art is involved with a drawback which is desirable to remove. US-A-4 686 510 describes a method of averaging a plurality of measured modulo values, wherein an offset is measured between the measured modulo values selected as a reference and each of the measuring devices. The object of this invention is to provide an encoder particularly an optical encoder which has various advantages including easy operation or handling, less space for installation, and the like. The above described object can be achieved as set out in claim 1, with further embodiments according to claims 2-6. A first encoder in accordance with this invention is provided with a means for erasing an offset caused by a difference in amplitude which may happen between two detected signals of which the phase differ 180 degrees from each other. As is illustrated in Fig. 2 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the first encoder in accordance with this invention is provided with a first angular position sensing means for detecting the angular position of a rotator, a second angular position sensing means for detecting the angular position of the rotator, the angular position having an inverse phase with respect to the angular position which the first angular position sensing means detects, a sine wave generator means for generating a sine wave signal by subtracting either one of the output signals of the first and second angular position sensing means from the other one, characterised by: an offset ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the average of the maximum and minimum values of the output signals of the first angular position sensing means which are detected in advance and the average of the maximum and the minimum value of the output signals of the second angular position sensing means which are detected in advance, and an offset eraser means for erasing the offset by multiplying or dividing either the output signal detected by the first angular position sensing means or the output signal detected by the second angular position sensing means by the offset ratio memorized in the offset ratio memory means. A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing offset ratio memory means (4). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing offset eraser means (5). A second encoder in accordance with this invention is provided with a means for erasing a difference in amplitude which may happen between A phase signal and B phase signal of which the phase differs from the phase of A phase signal by 90 degrees. As is illustrated in Fig. 3 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the second encoder in accordance with this invention is provided with an A phase encoder (10) substantially identical to the first encoder in accordance with this invention and a B phase encoder (20) for generating a sine wave signal having a phase different from the foregoing A phase encoder (10) by 90 degrees, wherein the encoder is further provided with a sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6) for memorizing the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was detected in advance and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) which was detected in advance, and a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) and/or a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B) for erasing the difference in amplitude of the foregoing sine wave output signals by multiplying or dividing at least one of the output signals of the foregoing A phase encoder (10) and the foregoing B phase encoder (20) by the foregoing ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) memorized in the foregoing sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) and as the foregoing sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B). A third encoder in accordance with this invention is provided with a means for adjusting a difference in phase which exists between the A phase signal and the B phase signal and which should be 90 degrees. As is illustrated in Fig. 4 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the third encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder identical to the second encoder in accordance with this invention, wherein the encoder is further provided with a phase difference memory means (8) for memorizing the phase difference between the phase of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was in advance detected and a phase which differs from the phase of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) of which the phase should differ from the phase of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10), and a phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and/or a phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing either the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3A) of the A phase encoder (10) or the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3B) of the B phase encoder (20) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or subtracting the product or the quotient from respectively either the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3B) of the B phase encoder (20) or the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3A) of the A phase encoder (10). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing phase difference memory means (8). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and as the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B). A fourth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder provided with a means for sensing angular position of A phase, a means for sensing angular position of B phase, and an offset eraser signal generator means, further provided with a means for erasing an offset which may happen between the offset eraser signal and either of the output signals of the means for sensing angular position of A phase and of the means for sensing angular position of B phase. As is illustrated in Fig. 5 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the fourth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder provided with a means for sensing angular position of A phase (51), a means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) of which the phase differs from the A phase by 90 degrees and an offset eraser signal generator means (53), wherein the encoder is further provided with a first offset ratio memory means (56) for memorizing the ratio of the offset of the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) which was in advance detected and the offset of the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) which was in advance detected, a first offset eraser means (57) for erasing the foregoing offset by causing an adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) to multiply or divide the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) by the foregoing offset ratio which was detected in advance and is memorized in the foregoing first offset ratio memory means (56) and to subtract the product or quotient from the the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of A phase (51), a second offset ratio memory means (58) for memorizing the ratio of the offset of the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) which was in advance detected and the offset of the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) which was in advance detected, a second offset eraser means (59) for erasing the foregoing offset by causing an adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) to multiply or divide the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) by the foregoing offset ratio which was detected in advance and is memorized in the foregoing second offset ratio memory means (58) and to subtract the product or quotient from the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of B phase (52). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing first offset ratio memory means (56) and the foregoing second offset ratio memory means (58). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing first offset eraser means (57) and as the foregoing second offset eraser means (59). A fifth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder identical to the fourth encoder in accordance with this invention, further provided with a means for erasing a difference in amplitude which may happen between either the output signal of A phase or of B phase and the offset eraser signal. As is illustrated in Fig. 6 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the fifth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder identical to the fourth encoder in accordance with this invention, wherein the encoder is further provided with an amplitude ratio memory means (60) for memorizing the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) which was in advance detected and the amplitude of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55), an amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (61A) and/or an amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (61B) for multiplying or dividing at least one of the output signals of the foregoing adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the foregoing adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) by the amplitude ratio memorized in the amplitude ratio memory means (60). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing amplitude ratio memory means (60). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (61A) and as the foregoing amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (61B). A sixth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder identical to the fifth encoder in accordance with this invention, further provided with a means for adjusting a difference in phase existing between either the output signal of A phase or of B phase and the offset eraser signal to approximately 90 degrees. As is illustrated in Fig. 7 which is the schematic drawing thereof, the sixth encoder in accordance with this invention is an encoder identical to the fifth encoder in accordance with this invention, wherein the encoder is further provided with a phase difference memory means (8) for memorizing the phase difference between the phase of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) which was in advance detected and a phase which differs by 90 degrees from the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) of which the phase differs from the phase of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54), and a phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and/or a phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing either the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or subtracting the product or the quotient from respecting either the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing phase difference memory means (8). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and as the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B). The philosophy which each embodiment of the present inventions is commonly based on, will be summarized below. For each model, a mother table indicating the relations between the offset, the amplitude difference or the phase difference and the value required for correcting the errors of angular position caused respectively by either of the aforementioned various parameters is prepared. When each encoder is finished, it is individually examined, and if any offset, amplitude difference or phase difference happens to exist in the various detected signals for obtaining the angular position of a rotator, the corresponding value required for correcting the errors imposed on the output angular position of the rotator caused by the offset, the amplitude difference or the phase difference is input to the offset ratio memory means, the sine wave amplitude ratio memory means, the phase difference memory means and/or the phase difference memory means, each of which actually is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. Whenever each encoder is employed, each value required for correcting the errors to be caused by the offset, the amplitude difference or the phase difference is read out of the offset ratio memory means, the sine wave amplitude ratio memory means, the phase difference memory means and/or the phase difference memory means, in terms of digital value to be output into the offset eraser means, the amplitude difference eraser means and/or the phase difference adjuster means, each of which is made of an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly correcting the error imposed on the output angular position of the encoder in accordance with this invention caused by offset, amplitude difference and/or phase difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Referring to drawings tabulated below, a detailed description will be presented below for encoders in accordance with six embodiments of this invention. Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of an encoder available in the prior art. Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the first embodiment of this invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the second embodiment of this invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the third embodiment of this invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the fourth embodiment of this invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the fifth embodiment of this invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic drawing of an encoder in accordance with the sixth embodiment of this invention. FIRST EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ERASING AN OFFSET CAUSED BY A DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE BETWEEN TWO DETECTED SIGNALS OF WHICH THE PHASE DIFFERS 180 DEGREES FROM EACH OTHER Referring to Fig. 2, the numeral (1) indicates a first angular position sensing means for detecting the angular position of a rotator, the numeral (2) indicates a second angular position sensing means for detecting the angular position of the foregoing rotator, such an angular position having the inverse phase with respect to the foregoing first angular position sensing means (1). The numeral (3) indicates a sine wave generator means for generating a sine wave signal representing the angular position of the foregoing rotator, such a sine wave signal being generated by subtracting either one of the output signals of the foregoing first and second angular position sensing means (1) and (2) from the remaining one of the foregoing output signals of the foregoing first and second angular position sensing means (1) and (2). The numeral (4) indicates an offset ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the average of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signals of the first angular position sensing means (1) which output signals were in advance detected and the average of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signals of the second angular position sensing means (2) which output signals were in advance detected. The numeral (5) indicates an offset erase means for erasing the offset by multiplying or dividing either the output signal detected by the foregoing first angular position sensing means (1) or the output signal detected by the second angular position sensing means (2) by the foregoing offset ratio memorized in the foregoing offset ratio memory means (4). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing offset ratio memory means (4). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing offset eraser means (5). A preferable value desirable for correction of an error imposed on an output angular position of a rotator caused by an offset (the ratio of the average of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signals of the foregoing first angular position sensing means (1) and the average of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signal of the foregoing second angular position sensing means (2)) is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between the foregoing offset and the corresponding preferable correction amount is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for erasing the offset described above. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If an offset happens to exist in the detected signal thereof, the value of the offset is input into the foregoing table to read the preferable correction amount corresponding to the offset in terms of digital value, out of the table to be input into the offset ratio-memory means (4) which is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. When each encoder is employed, the correction amount memorized in the offset ratio memory means (4) is input into the offset eraser means (5) which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly erasing the offset caused by the difference in amplitude between the two detected signals of which the phase differs 180 degrees from each other, for the ultimate purpose to allow the encoder of the first embodiment of this invention to output a correct angular position of the rotator. SECOND EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ERASING A DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE EXISTING BETWEEN A PHASE SIGNAL AND B PHASE SIGNAL OF WHICH THE PHASE DIFFERS FROM EACH OTHER BY 90 DEGREES Referring to Fig. 3, the numeral (10) indicates an A phase encoder which is identical to the encoder of the foregoing first embodiment of this invention, and the numeral (20) indicates a B phase encoder which is identical to the A phase encoder but which outputs a sine wave signal having a phase different from the foregoing A phase encoder (10) by 90 degrees. The numeral (6) indicates a sine wave amplitude ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was detected in advance and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) which was detected in advance. The numeral (7A) indicates a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase for erasing the difference in amplitude of the foregoing sine wave signal of A phase by multiplying or dividing the foregoing output signal of the foregoing A phase encoder (10) by the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20). The numeral (7B) indicates a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase for erasing the difference in amplitude of the foregoing sine wave signal of B phase by multiplying or dividing the foregoing output signal of the foregoing B phase encoder (20) by the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) and as the foregoing sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B). A preferable value desirable for correction of an error imposed on an output angular position of a rotator caused by an amplitude difference or an inballance existing between the amplitude detected by the A phase encoder (10) and the amplitude detected by the B phase encoder (20) is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between the foregoing amplitude difference and the corresponding preferable correction amount is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for erasing the offset described above. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If an amplitude difference happens to exist in the detected signal thereof, the value of the amplitude difference is input into the foregoing table to read the preferable correction amount corresponding to the offset in terms of digital value out of the table, to be input into the sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6) which is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. When each encoder is employed, the correction amount memorized in the amplitude ratio memory means (6) is input into the sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) and/or the sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B) each of which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly erasing the amplitude difference between the A phase signal and the B phase signal, for the ultimate purpose to allow the encoder of the second embodiment of this invention to output a correct angular position of the rotator. THIRD EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ADJUSTING A DIFFERENCE IN PHASE EXISTING BETWEEN A PHASE SIGNAL AND B PHASE SIGNAL OF WHICH THE PHASE DIFFERS FROM EACH OTHER BY 90 DEGREES Referring to Fig. 4, an encoder in accordance with the third embodiment of this invention is an encoder in accordance with the second embodiment of this invention further provided with the members tabulated below. The numeral (8) indicates a phase difference memory means for memorizing the phase difference between the phase of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was in advance detected and the phase which differs from the phase of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) which was in advance detected. The numeral (9A) indicates a phase difference adjuster means for the A phase for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the sine wave signal generator means (3A) of the foregoing A phase encoder (10) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or by subtracting the product or the quotient from the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3B) of the B phase encoder (20). The numeral (9B) indicates a phase difference adjuster means for the B phase for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the sine wave signal generator means (3B) of the foregoing B phase encoder (20) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or by subtracting the product or the quotient from the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3A) of the A phase encoder (10). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing phase difference memory means (8). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and the foregoing phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B). A preferable value desirable for adjusting the phase difference between the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) to approximately 90 degrees is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between the detected phase difference between the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) and the corresponding preferable value for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for adjusting the phase difference to approximately 90 degrees. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If the phase difference between the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) happens to differ from 90 degrees, the actual phase difference is input into the foregoing table to read the preferable phase difference adjusting amount corresponding to the actual phase difference in terms of digital value out of the table, to be input into the phase difference memory means (8) which is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. When each encoder is employed, the phase difference adjusting amount memorized in the phase difference memory means (8) is input into the phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) or the phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly adjusting phase difference between the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) to approximately 90 degrees, for the ultimate purpose to allow the encoder of the third embodiment of this invention to output a correct angular position of the rotator. FOURTH EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ERASING AN OFFSET EXISTING BETWEEN EACH OF THE OUTPUT SIGNALS OF A PHASE AND B PHASE ENCODERS AND OFFSET ERASER SIGNAL Referring to Fig. 5, the numeral (51) indicates a means for detecting angular position of the A phase, and the numeral (52) indicates a means for detecting angular position of the B phase of which the phase differs from that of the A phase by 90 degrees. The numeral (53) indicates an offset eraser signal generator means. The numeral (56) indicates a first offset ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the offset of the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) which was in advance detected and the offset of the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) which was in advance detected. The numeral (57) indicates a first offset eraser means for erasing the foregoing offset by causing an adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) to multiply or divide the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) by the foregoing offset ratio which was detected in advance and is memorized in the foregoing first offset ratio memory means (56) and to subtract the product or quotient from the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of A phase (51). The numeral (58) indicates a second offset ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the offset of the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) which was in advance detected and the offset of the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) which was in advance detected. The numeral (59) indicates a second offset eraser means for erasing the foregoing offset by causing an adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) to multiply or divide the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) by the foregoing offset ratio which was detected in advance and is memorized in the foregoing second offset ratio memory means (58) and to subtract the product or quotient from the output signal of the foregoing means for sensing angular position of B phase (52). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing first offset ratio memory means (56) and the foregoing second offset ratio memory means (58). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing first offset ratio eraser means (57) and the foregoing second offset ratio eraser means (59). A preferable value desirable for erasing an offset between the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) and the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) and a preferable value desirable for erasing an offset between the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) and the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between each of the foregoing offsets and the corresponding preferable offset erasing amount is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for erasing the offset described above. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If the foregoing offsets happen to exist in the detected output signals, each of the value of the offsets is input into the foregoing table to read the preferable offset erasing amount corresponding to the offsets in terms of digital value out of the table, to be input respectively into the first offset ratio memory means (56) and the second offset ratio memory means (58) each of which is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. When each encoder is employed, the offset erasing amount memorized in either the first offset ratio memory means (56) or the second offset ratio memory means (58), is input into respectively either the first offset eraser means (57) or the second offset eraser means (59) each of which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly erasing the offset between the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of A phase (51) and the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53) and the offset between the output signal of the means for sensing angular position of B phase (52) and the output signal of the offset eraser signal generator means (53), for the altimate purpose to allow the encoder of the fourth embodiment of this invention to output a correct angular position of the rotator. FIFTH EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ERASING AMPLITUDE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EITHER A PHASE OUTPUT SIGNAL OR B PHASE OUTPUT SIGNAL AND THE OFFSET ERASER SIGNAL Referring to Fig. 6, an encoder in accordance with the fifth embodiment of this invention is an encoder in accordance with the fourth embodiment of this invention further provided with the members tabulated below. The numeral (60) indicates an amplitude ratio memory means for memorizing the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) which was in advance detected and the amplitude of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55). The numeral (61A) indicates an amplitude difference eraser means for A phase for erasing a difference in the foregoing two amplitudes by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the foregoing adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) by the amplitude ratio memorized in the amplitude ratio memory means (60), and the numeral (61B) indicates an amplitude difference eraser means for B phase for erasing a difference in the foregoing two amplitudes by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the foregoing adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) by the amplitude ratio memorized in the amplitude ratio memory means (60). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing amplitude ratio memory means (60). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (61A) and the foregoing amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (61B). A preferable value desirable for erasing amplitude difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between the foregoing amplitude difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal and the corresponding preferable amplitude difference erasing amount is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for erasing the foregoing amplitude difference described above. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If the foregoing amplitude difference happens to exist in the detected output signals, the detected amplitude difference is input into the foregoing table to read the foregoing corresponding preferable amplitude difference erasing amount in terms of digital value out of the table, to be input in the amplitude ratio memory means (60). When each encoder is employed, the foregoing preferable amplitude difference erasing amount is input to either the amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (61A) or the amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (61B) each of which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly erasing the amplitude difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal. SIXTH EMBODIMENT ENCODER PROVIDED WITH A MEANS FOR ADJUSTING A DIFFERENCE IN PHASE EXISTING BETWEEN A PHASE SIGNAL OR B PHASE SIGNAL AND OFFSET ERASER SIGNAL Referring to Fig. 7, an encoder in accordance with the sixth embodiment of this invention is an encoder in accordance with the fifth embodiment of this invention further provided with the members tabulated below. The numeral (8) indicates a phase difference memory means for memorizing the phase difference between the phase of the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) which was in advance detected and a phase which differs by 90 degrees from the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55). The numeral (9A) indicates a phase difference adjuster means for A phase for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means of A phase (54) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or subtracting from the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55). The numeral (9B) indicates a phase difference adjuster means for B phase for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the foregoing phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or subtracting the product or the quotient from the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54). A table look-up system can be employed for implementing the foregoing phase difference memory means (8). An amplification factor variable digital amplifier can be employed as the foregoing phase difference memory means for A phase (9A) and the foregoing phase difference memory means for B phase (9B). A preferable value desirable for adjusting the phase difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal to approximately 90 degrees is predetermined for each encoder model, and a mother table indicating the relations between the detected phase difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal and/or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal and the corresponding preferable value for adjusting the foregoing phase difference to approximately 90 degrees is prepared to use it for implementing a table look-up system for adjusting the phase difference to approximately 90 degrees. After each encoder is finished, it is individually examined. If the phase difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal happens to differ from 90 degrees, the actual phase difference is input into the foregoing table to read the phase difference adjusting amount corresponding to the actual phase difference in terms of digital value out of the table to be input into the phase difference memory means (8) which is a daughter table of the foregoing mother table. When each encoder is employed, the phase difference adjusting amount memorized in the phase difference memory means (8) is input into the phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) or the phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) which actually is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier, resultantly adjusting the phase difference between the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for A phase (54) and the offset eraser signal or the output signal of the adder (subtracter) means for B phase (55) and the offset eraser signal to approximately 90 degrees, for the ultimate purpose to allow the encoder of the third embodiment of this invention to output a correct angular position of the rotator. The foregoing description has clarified that this invention successfully provided a plurality of encoders each of which is provided with a table showing the relations between an offset, a difference in amplitude or a difference in phase and the corresponding value desirable for erasing errors to be caused thereby or for adjusting some of them, such values being predetermined for each encoder model, or with an offset memory means, an amplitude difference memory means and/or a phase difference memory means which memorize at least a part of the information memorized in the foregoing table, such a memorized piece of information being selected for each encoder, and with one or more offset eraser means, one or more amplitude difference eraser means, and one or more phase difference adjuster means, such means being allowed to conduct correction and/or adjustment of one or more foregoing detected output signals, based on the information memorized in and picked up from the foregoing various memory means, resultantly allowing each of the encoders in accordance with this invention to output one or more correct signals, regardless of existence of one or more offsets, one or more amplitude differences, and/or one or more phase differences on a plurality of output signals which differ from one another by 90 degrees or 180 degrees.

Claims: An encoder comprising: a first angular position sensing means (1) for detecting the angular position of a rotator, a second angular position sensing means (2) for detecting the angular position of the rotator, the angular position having an inverse phase with respect to the angular position which the first angular position sensing means (1) detects, a sine wave generator means (3) for generating a sine wave signal by subtracting either one of the output signals of the first and second angular position sensing means (1,2) from the other one, characterised by: an offset ratio memory means (4) for memorizing the ratio of the average of the maximum and minimum values of the output signals of the first angular position sensing means (1) which are detected in advance and the average of the maximum and the minimum value of the output signals of the second angular position sensing means (2) which are detected in advance, and an offset eraser means (5) for erasing the offset by multiplying or dividing either the output signal detected by the first angular position sensing means (1) or the output signal detected by the second angular position sensing means (2) by the offset ratio memorized in the offset ratio memory means. An encoder in accordance with Claim 1, wherein the offset ratio memory means (4) is a table of a table look-up system, and the offset eraser means (5) is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier. An encoder comprising: an A phase encoder (10) substantially identical to an encoder in accordance with Claim 1, and a B phase encoder (20) substantially identical to an encoder in accordance with claim 1 and which generates a sine wave signal having a phase differing from that of the A phase encoder (10) by 90 degrees, further comprising: a sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6) for memorizing the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was detected in advance and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) which was detected in advance, and a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) or a sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B) for erasing the difference in amplitude of the sine wave signals by multiplying or dividing at least one of the output signals of the A phase encoder (10) and the B phase encoder (20) by the ratio of the amplitude of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) and the amplitude of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) memorized in the sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6). An encoder in accordance with Claim 3, wherein the sine wave amplitude ratio memory means (6) is a table of a table look-up system, and each of the sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for A phase (7A) and the sine wave amplitude difference eraser means for B phase (7B) is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier. An encoder in accordance with Claim 3, further comprising: a phase difference memory means (8) for memorizing the phase difference between the phase of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) which was detected in advance and a phase which differs from the phase of the output signal of the B phase encoder (20) of which the phase differs from the phase of the output signal of the A phase encoder (10) by 90 degrees, and a phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) or a phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) for adjusting the phase difference to approximately 90 degrees by multiplying or dividing either the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3A) of the A phase encoder (10) or the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3B) of the B phase encoder (20) by a coefficient obtained from the phase difference memorized in the phase difference memory means (8) and by adding the product or the quotient to or subtracting the product or the quotient from respectively either the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3B) of the B phase encoder (20) or the output signal of the sine wave generator means (3A) of the A phase encoder (10). An encoder in accordance with Claim 5, wherein the phase difference memory means (8) is a table of a table look-up system, and each of the phase difference adjuster means for A phase (9A) and the phase difference adjuster means for B phase (9B) is an amplification factor variable digital amplifier.

Inventors: TANIGUCHI MITSUYUKI F MANSION, TANIGUCHI, MITSUYUKI F. MANSION HARIMOMI 8-205
Applicants: FANUC LTD, FANUC LTD.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: G01D5
IPC codes: G01D5