Method of and apparatus for dyeing or otherwise treating an elongate fabric material

Abstract: A method of dyeing or otherwise treating an elongate fabric material (F) including slide fastener stringers comprises winding said fabric material on a rotatable frame means (47) disposed in a dye chamber (26 - 30) and reducing the diameter of said frame means to an extent necessary to compensate for the amount of shrinkage developed in said fabric material during the dyeing operation. A dyeing apparatus (10) for dyeing or otherwise treating an elongate fabric material (F) comprises a cylindrical vessel (11) and a beam (14) mounted concentrically therein and removable therefrom, the beam (14) having a plurality of chambers (26 - 30) isolated one from another and a dye frame unit (47) rotatably mounted on a driven shaft (17) extending axially through the beam (14), a first motor (20) rotating the driven shaft (17) and a second motor (23) operatively associated with means (45, 46) for moving the driven shaft (17) axially toward and away from the first motor (20), and means (52) radially movable toward and away from the driven shaft (17) to adjust the overall diameter of the dye frame unit (47) on which the fabric material (F) is wound.

Description: This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for dyeing or otherwise treating fabrics in the form of cloth, tapes, yarns and other elongate materials. An apparatus known in the art of fabric dyeing typically comprises a cylindrical vessel in which hot dye liquor is circulated, and a cylindrical beam rotatably mounted on a drive shaft journalled in the vessel and having wound thereon a fabric material to be dyed. Since the beam was only rotatable with the shaft and held otherwise immovable, the material wound on the beam was susceptible to swelling or shrinking on contact with heated dye medium and consequently pressed under increased tension against the periphery of the beam. This would lead to insufficient dye penetration in the areas of the fabric material which were held in close contact with the beam, and as a result, it was difficult to dye the material homogeneously throughout its entire dimensions. This problem would become aggravated in the case of dyeing a chain of slide fastener stringers where the chain was subjected to excessive tension particularly in the region of the coupling head portions in the rows of coupling elements secured to the tape edges, resulting in deformed or otherwise inoperative coupling elements. FR-A-1 464 607 describes a retractable bobbin around the core of which is wound a synthetic thread to be subjected to a heat treatment. The bobbin is not adapted to be rotated during the treatment. Furthermore, the tension in the thread is adjusted by a spring acting through connecting rods against retractable segments forming the core of the bobbin. The resiliency of the spring can be adjusted before the treatment but not continuously during the treatment. FR-A-2 427 417 describes an apparatus for heat treating a textile material, namely slide fastener stringers, comprising an horizontally mounted cylindrical vessel, provided at one end with a removable end cover and at the opposite end with a vertical end wall, and a cylindrical beam. The textile material is wound around the beam and a dyeing liquid is circulated in the vessel in such a manner that it passes through the textile material. No means are provided to change the tension in the textile material during the dyeing. The present invention seeks to provide an improved method of and apparatus for dyeing fabric materials which will eliminate the foregoing difficulties of the prior art. The present invention further seeks to provide a beam dyeing apparatus which has a means of controlling the tension in a fabric material so as to compensate for the amount of shrinkage developed in the material during the dyeing operation. The above and other objects and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. According to the invention there is provided a method of dyeing or otherwise treating an elongate fabric material including slide fastener stringers which comprises winding the fabric material on a rotatable contractable frame means disposed in a dye chamber and reducing the diameter of the frame means to an extent necessary to compensate for the amount of shrinkage developed in the fabric material during the dyeing operation. According to the invention there is also provided a dyeing apparatus for dyeing or otherwise treating elongate fabric materials including slide fastener stringers which comprises a horizontally mounted cylindrical vessel provided at one end with a removable dished end cover and at the opposite end with a vertical end wall, a cylindrical beam concentrically mounted within said vessel and removable therefrom, a driven shaft extending axially and centrally through said beam, a first motor adapted to rotate said driven shaft, a second motor operatively connected to means for moving said driven shaft axially toward and away from said first motor, a plurality of partition walls disposed in spaced parallel relation and separating said beam into a plurality of independent dye chambers, a rotatable dye frame unit having a pair of annular spaced parallel support rims and a pair of spaced parallel arm assemblies each having a plurality of equally spaced radial arms, and a cam lever connected via a hub to and movable radially toward and away from said driven shaft to adjust the overall diameter of said dye frame unit on which is mounted a fabric material. Figure 1 is an elevational, partly sectional, view of a beam dyeing apparatus embodying the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view on enlarged scale taken on the line II - II of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view on enlarged scale of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a perspective view on enlarged scale of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view on enlarged scale of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1, showing the same in one mode of operation; and Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the apparatus in another mode of operation. Referring now to the drawings and Figure 1 in particular, there is shown a beam dyeing apparatus 10 for dyeing or otherwise treating a fabric material F in the form of cloth, tapes, yarns and other elongate textile materials including a slide fastener chain. The apparatus 10 comprises a horizontally mounted cylindrical treatment vessel 11 having a circular cross-section (Figure 2) and provided at one end with an outwardly dished end cover 12 which is removable and at the opposite end with a vertical end wall 13. Designated at 14 is a cylindrical beam concentrically mounted within the vessel 11 and may be placed into and out of the vessel 11 conveniently on a pair of guide rails 15 and 16 (better shown in Figure 2) secured to the bottom of the vessel 11. A driven shaft 17 extends axially centrally through the beam 14 and is operatively connected to a series of dye frames later described. The beam 14 is mounted with one or rear end 14a connected via coupling 18 to a first drive shaft 19 of a first motor 20 and the other or front end 14b connected via bearing 21 to a second drive shaft 22 of a second motor 23. Operation of the first motor 20 rotates the dye frames, while operation of the second motor 23 causes the driven shaft 17 to move axially in either direction in a manner hereafter to be described. The beam 14 is closed at both ends by respective circular end walls 24 and 25 and separated into a plurality of independent dye chamber 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30 by spaced parallel partition walls 31, 32, 33 and 34. The beam 14 is thus hermetically sealed except at its upper portion where there is provided a hinged flapper lid 35 in each of the dye chambers 26 - 30. The lid 35, as better shown in Figure 2, may be opened to feed or remove a dye liquor and wind or rewind the fabric material F. A heating medium such as hot water is fed into the vessel 11 from a supply source 36 provided externally of and at the bottom of the vessel 11. The heat medium is pumped through an inlet 37 to a level indicated at L₁ and circulated back through an outlet 38 and past a heat-exchanger 39. The construction of this supply unit is well known and hence will require no further explanation. At the top of the vessel 11 is provided a pressure fluid supply unit 40 for supplying for instance compressed air into the vessel 11 to maintain its interior pressure at a predetermined level, the unit 40 comprising a valved conduit 41 communicating with the vessel 11, a pressure meter 42 and a control valve 43. This unit construction is also conventional and hence will require no further explanation. A resilient means such as a spring 44 is interposed between the coupling 18 and the rear end of the driven shaft 17 to normally urge the shaft 17 axially toward the front end 25 of the beam or toward the second motor 23. The second drive shaft 22 is threaded as at 45 at an opposite end to the bearing 21 and engaged with a nut 46 so that rotation of the second motor 23 in one direction causes the second drive shaft 22 to advance axially of the beam 14 and move the driven shaft 17 likewise axially toward the rear end 24 of the beam 14 or toward the first motor 20 against the tension of the spring 44. Rotation of the second motor 23 in the opposite direction causes the second drive shaft 22 to retract axially and move the driven shaft 17 likewise axially backward toward the front end 25 of the beam 14 or toward the second motor 23. Means of effecting axial movement of the driven shaft 17 may be of other construction than that just described as appears obvious to those skilled in the art. The dye chambers 26 - 30 are isolated one from another and can be filled each with different colour dyestuffs to facilitate treatment of the fabric material F with so many different colours as are the number of dye chambers 26 - 30. Rotatably mounted in each of the chambers 26 - 30 is a dye frame unit 47 generally in the form of a wheel which comprises a pair of annular, equally spaced, parallel support rims 48, 48 and a pair of spaced parallel arm assemblies 49 each having a plurality of equally spaced radial arms 50 each of which extends radially at one end from a hub 51 secured to the driven shaft 17 and is connected at the other end to the respective annular support rim 48 as better shown in Figures 2 and 3. Each dye frame unit 47 further comprises a cam lever 52 generally in the form of a rectangular frame, as better shown in Figure 4, which has longitudinal vertical side portions 52a supported between a pair of spaced pins 53 extending axially from each arm 50. To the lower end of one of the vertical side portions 52a of the cam lever 52 is pivotally connected one end of a link 54 whose other end is supported in a slot 55 formed in the hub 51. The dye frame unit 47 further includes a flip-flop vane 56 having a pair of spaced parallel vertical support lugs 57, a cross-sectionally elliptical perforated hanger 58 interposed between the support lugs 57, and a cross-sectionally inverted-Y member 59 integral with the support lugs 57 and hingedly connected as at 60 to the upper end portion 52b of the cam lever 52, as better shown in Figure 4. Designated at 61 is a flip-flop limiter secured to the upper end portion 52b of the cam lever 52 and having outwardly diverged limiter arms 61a and 61b defining therebetween the extent of flip-flop or pivotal movement of the flip-flop vane 56 as better shown in Figures 5 and 6. The advantage of the member 59 being inverted-Y shaped is found in accelerated penetration of a dye liquor, as this liquor can be kicked up dispersedly into and through the layers of fabric F wound around the hangers 58 in each dye chamber 26 - 30. In operation of the dyeing apparatus 10 thus constructed, a dye liquor or liquors D is filled in each of the dye chamber 26 - 30 to a predetermined level L₁, with compressed air and heating medium supplied to the vessel 11 from their respective sources 40 and 36. As the fabric material F wound on and around the hangers 58 in the dye frame unit 47 becomes shrunk or contracted in immersed contact with the dye liquor D, the driven shaft 17 is moved axially in a direction to cause all of the links 54 to tilt pivotally downwardly which in turn pull the flip-flop vanes 56 radially inwardly via the cam levers 52 thereby reducing the overall diameter of the frame unit 47 to an extent corresponding to the amount of contraction of the fabric F, or stated otherwise to compensate for shrinkage of, or adjust the tension in the fabric F during treatment with the dye liquor D. Since the flip-flop vanes 56 are pivotally connected to the levers 52, they flip toward and abut against one of the arms 61a and 61b of the flip-flop limiter 61 during rotation of the dye frame 47 in one direction and flop toward and abut against the other of the limiter arms 61a and 61b as the direction of rotation of the frame unit 47 is reversed, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. On account of the above flip-flop movement of the vanes 56 the fabric material F becomes slightly shifted in place at its portions in contact with the hangers 58 so as to eliminate irregularities in the dye finish which would otherwise develop with conventional dye beams. Another advantage of the apparatus 10 according to the invention is that with shifting or changing contact position of the material F with respect to the hangers 58, the portions of the material F which haev been warped or sagged will stretch straight out and the portions of the material F which have been held taut will conversely become warped or sagged. This behavior of the material F is repeated so as to maintain shrinkage and related physical properties of the material F uniform throughout its entire dimensions. In order to ensure smooth flip-flop movement of the vanes 56, the tension applied to the fabric material F wound in the dye frame unit 47 should be adjusted by moving the driven shaft 17 axially in one or the other direction in a manner already described. The axial stroke of the driven shaft 17 can be automatically controlled by a control signal supplied to the second motor 23, which signal represents an operating parameter based for example on the relations between the temperature of the dye liquor D, the length of dyeing time and the extent of shrinkage of the particular item of material F to be dyed. As for an example, the vanes 56 may be fixedly connected to the cam levers 52, or the hangers 58 alone may be directly connected to the levers 52.

Claims: A method of dyeing or otherwise treating an elongate fabric material (F) including slide fastener stringers characterized in that it comprises winding said fabric material on a rotatable contractable frame means (47) disposed in a dye chamber (26 - 30) and reducing the diameter of said frame means to an extent necessary to compensate for the amount of shrinkage developed in said fabric material during the dyeing operation. A dyeing apparatus (10) for dyeing or otherwise treating elongate fabric materials including slide fastener stringers which comprises a horizontally mounted cylindrical vessel (11) provided at one end with a removable end cover (12) and at the opposite end with a vertical end wall (13), a cylindrical beam (14) concentrically mounted within said vessel (11) and removable therefrom, a driven shaft (17) extending axially and centrally through said beam (14), a first motor (20) adapted to rotate said driven shaft (17), characterized in that it further comprises a second motor (23) operatively connected to means (45, 46) for moving said driven shaft (17) axially toward and away from said first motor (20), a plurality of partition walls (31 - 34) disposed in spaced parallel relation and separating said beam (14) into a plurality of independent dye chambers (26 - 30), a rotatable dye frame unit (47) having a pair of annular spaced parallel support rims (48) and a pair of spaced parallel arm assemblies (49) each having a plurality of equally spaced radial arms (50), and a cam lever (52) connected via hub (51) to and movable radially toward and away from said driven shaft (17) to adjust the overall diameter of said dye frame unit (47) on which is mounted a fabric material (F). A dyeing apparatus (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that said dye frame unit (47) further includes a flip-flop vane (56) pivotally connected to said cam lever (52) and a flip-flop limiter (61) adapted to restrict the pivotal movement of said vane (56). A dyeing apparatus (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that said dye frame unit (47) further includes a link (54) connected at one end to said hub (51) and at the other end to said cam lever (52) to raise and lower the latter as said driven shaft (17) moves axially. A dyeing apparatus (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that a resilient means (44) is provided to normally urge said driven shaft (17) axially toward said second motor (23). A dyeing apparatus (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that said means (45, 46) comprises a threaded end portion (45) of said driven shaft (17) and a nut (46) engaged therewith. A dyeing apparatus (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that each of said dye chambers (26 - 30) is hermetically sealed except at an upper portion of said beam (14) to which a flapper lid (35) is hingedly connected.

Inventors: NAKAYAMA KIYOSHI, UMINO MITSUGU, NAKAYAMA, KIYOSHI, UMINO, MITSUGU
Applicants: YKK CORP, YKK CORPORATION
Application year: 1989
Main classification: D06B5
IPC codes: D06B5