Machine for dispersion, mixing and grinding

Abstract: The machine comprises a cylinder (2), a mixer (7) and some glass balls. The cylinder (2), enclosed by perforated walls and having the upper part modelled so as to be able to hold the bottom end of a shaft (4), which conveys the movement originated by engine (5) to the cylinder (2). Inside the cylinder (2), besides the balls, there is a mixer (7) integral with a shaft (8) which is co-axial with shaft (4), and it is stationary or turns driven by a separate engine which may rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction with respect to the movement of the cylinder shaft.

Description: It is a well-known fact that the industrial production of many products, especially chemical ones, requires the realization of homogeneous masses starting from different kinds of components. Paint, for example, mainly consist of a mixture of several components which, put together in predetermined quantities, are subsequently dispersed, mixed and amalgamated until the desired end product is obtained. A previous Italian patent IT-A-51661 A/77, of the same holder, describes and illustrates a machine which, by means of suitably designed plates, placed one opposite to the other, grinds and amalgamates the paint components. Said machine, even though it represented a great progress compared to previously uses machines, in which the product to be grinded was added into cylinders by means of pumps and in which suitable devices then ground and amalgamated it, nevertheless, it presents the drawback that it has to be built with extreme precision and requires very accurate maintenance; these drawbacks, of course, do not make the machine very competitive, in respect of both construction and sale costs and of the cost of the end product. The Japanese patent JP-A-60 48126 describes a machine consisting of a fixed meshwork structure placed inside a container for the dispersion of a liquid suspension of solid particles. The fixed meshwork structure contains a means of dispersion, which is not allowed to pass through the meshes. Inside the meshwork structure there is a rotating stirrer driven by a shaft in order to stir the means of dispersion and on the bottom of the meshwork structure there is a propeller, which is also driven by the stirrer shaft.. However the cleaning of the device requires under certain circumstances much effort. The object of this invention is a machine for the dispersion, mixing and grinding of more than one substance at the same time, for the production of homogeneous mixtures of a predetermined grain, such as paint, for example, and which is easy to clean before the working cycle is started. This object is achieved by the machine according to claim 1. The principle upon which this machine is based is that the paint components, i.e., the film-forming substances, pigments, diluents, plastifying substances, siccatives and other sundry components required to obtain the end product, are all poured into a container, in suitable quantities, where they are mixed by means of a perforated cylinder, inside which there is a stirrer and numerous glass balls or similar objects made of glass or other suitable materials. The stirrer may have the most diverse shapes, for example, it may be flat and plate-shaped or it may consist of one or more elongated elements placed crosswise, or of any other shape deemed suitable to carry out the stirring function inside the perforated cylinder; it goes without saying that the material of which the stirrer is made may also vary, according to specific requirements and to the treated materials. The perforated cylinder is driven by an engine which is preferably placed at the top end of the shaft connecting these two elements, while the stirrer inside the perforated cylinder is supported by a shaft which is coaxial with the driving shaft and which remains still when the machine is working. When the perforated cylinder starts to spin, the relative motion between the perforated cylinder and the stirrer determines a swirling motion of the glass balls or similar objects, contained inside the cylinder itself, thus causing the dispersion, grinding and mixing of the components placed inside the container. As previously mentioned the mode of operation according to the invented machine can be taken as following: the cylinder is almost entirely perforated so that when it is lowered inside the container its spinning movement determines the creation of a vacuum, which sucks the components into the cylinder, while the centrifugal force also determined by the spinning, produces a pressure which throws the components out of the cylinder, thus allowing the perfect grinding and mixing of all the paint components contained inside the container. According to a possible variant and in the case of special kinds of paint. it is possible to provide the machine with a second engine for driving the stirrer also, with the possibility of modifying the relative speed between the stirrer and the cylinder, increasing or decreasing it or even changing the direction of rotation of the stirrer or of the cylinder. The foregoing brief summary may be better understood from the following detailed description, which provides a non limitative example, with reference to the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the machine; Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the perforated cylinder, of the stirrer and of the end part of the driving shafts. With reference to said figures, the machine for the dispersion, grinding and mixing of more than one substance at the same time, in order to obtain homogeneous mixtures of a predetermined grain, such as paints for example, consists of the following: a container (1), suitable for receiving the components, a cylinder (2), preferably made of metal or other material which is suitably resistant to the paint components; said cylinder (2) is perforated and may be lowered inside the container (1). The top (3) of the perforated cylinder (2) is shaped in such a manner as to house the bottom end of the hollow driving shaft (4) and to be fastened to the same by means of screws. The bottom of the cylinder (2) is provided with an element (6) necessary for fixing it to the hollow driving shaft (4). An engine (5) is placed above the container and is connected with the top end of the hollow driving shaft (4). Inside the cylinder (2) there is a stirrer (7) fixed to the driving shaft (8), which is coaxial with the hollow driving shaft (4). The bottom end of the shaft (8) is shaped in such a manner as to house a pivot (9) located on the bottom part of the cylinder (2), thus allowing the cylinder to spin without involving the stirrer (7) in its movement. Inside the cylinder (2) are placed numerous glass balls the movement of which is caused by both the rotation of the cylinder (2) and the stirrer (7), which also acts as an obstacle against which the glass balls collide, thus continuously changing their direction and contributing to the dispersion and mixing of the paint components when the cylinder is lowered inside the container (1), in which said components have been previously placed. The dispersion, grinding and mixing of all the paint components depend on various factors: the rotation of the perforated cylinder (2) when it is lowered inside the container (1) determines the creation of a vacuum inside the cylinder which sucks the components into the cylinder, while the centrifugal force also determined by the spinning, produces a pressure which throws the components out of the cylinder; the stirrer (7), which is still, determines the further mixing of the liquid inside the cylinder (2) and the glass balls, which are present in large quantities inside the cylinder and which are set in motion by the spinning movement of the cylinder (2), collide against the stirrer (7) and against themselves and are thus subject to continuous changes of direction, so as to determine the perfect grinding and mixing of the components. For the purpose of optimizing the machine's working, the heat produced during the processing is preferably dispersed by cooling the container (1) with known means. It is clear that, leaving the previously described operating principles untouched, both the cylinder (2) and the stirrer (7) may be of different shapes: the plate shape, for example, according to a possible variant, could have two suitably sized terminal edges. The machine described in this invention may also be provided with a second engine (10) which is connected to the second driving shaft (8), coaxial with the hollow driving shaft (4). This enables the stirrer (7) to rotate independently of the direction and speed of rotation of the cylinder (2). Said cylinder, according to need, is either lowered inside or pulled out of the container (1) by means of an electric, hydraulic or similar control, thus making the container totally accessible. A further positive feature of this machine is that the cleaning operations, necessary before starting a new working cycle, are extremely simple, all one has to do is to pour a certain amount of solvent inside the container and let the cylinder spin for a while, so that the same elements which determine a perfect dispersion, grinding and mixing of the paint components also allow the total and perfect cleansing of the machine, thus solving another of the problems which are typical of machines of this kind. All that has been hereto described and illustrated may be subject to modifications suggested by the technical and practical implementation of the device, however, without modifying the basic features described in the following claims.

Claims: A machine for the dispersion, grinding and mixing of several components, in order to obtain an homogeneous end product of a predetermined grain, said machine comprising a container (1) for the reception of the components; a perforated cylinder (2) which can be lowered into the container (1); to the top side (3) of said cylinder a hollow driving shaft (4) is fastened by means of screws and at the bottom side of the cylinder (2) an element (6) for constraining and supporting it relative to the hollow driving shaft (4) is provided; a driving engine (5) which is disposed above the container and to which the upper end of the hollow driving shaft (4) is linked; a stirrer (7) which is provided inside the cylinder (2) and which is fixed to a shaft (8) extending coaxially inside the hollow driving shaft (4); the bottom end of the shaft (8) is shaped so as to house a pivot (9) located on the bottom side of the cylinder (2), thus allowing the cylinder to rotate without involving the stirrer (7) in its motion; numerous glass balls or similar objects which are contained in the cylinder and the movement of which is determined both by the rotation of the cylinder (2) and by the stirrer (7) acting as an obstacle against which the glass balls or the similar objects collide, thus continuously changing direction. A machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the shaft (8) is connected to a second driving engine (10) in order to permit the stirrer (7) to be rotated independently from both the direction and the speed of the rotation of cylinder (2).

Inventors: VITELLI RENATO, VITELLI, RENATO
Applicants: MIRODUR ENG SRL, MIRODUR ENGINEERING S.R.L.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: B01F7
IPC codes: B01F13, B01F7