HAIR-DYEING COMPOSITION

Abstract: Disclosed is a hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more compounds selected from water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts. The composition may be in the form of either a one-solution-type or a two-solution-type. The composition may dye hair in any desired color, and the color fastness of the dyed hair is excellent.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more metal salts. The composition is safe and does not damage the skin or hair. Using the composition, hair can be dyed in various colors. Prior Art In general, a so-called gray-hair-dyeing composition for dyeing gray hair of the aged is widely used. On the other hand, a so-called "dressing hair-dyeing", which dyes hair into colors other than black, such as brown, light brown, yellow or gold, for the decorative purpose of modifying the personal appearance (looks) and matching with make-up and wear, has become popular these days. Hitherto, conventional dressing hair-dyeing compositions comprises a main agent of an aromatic amino compound, such as p-toluenediamine, p-aminophenol, 2-amino-5-hydroxytoluene, 5-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, o-phenylenediamine or o-aminophenol and a retouching agent of m-phenylenediamine, pyrogallol or resorcinol. The composition is oxidized and colored in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide so as to color a hair into the desired color of light reddish brown, yellowish gold, reddish yellow or orange. In the prior art, oxidizing dyes are essentially used in the dressing hair-dyeing compositions for dyeing hair into various colors other than black. However, the oxidizing agents to be used in hair-dyeing with this composition would often damage the hair and skin. EP-A-0124393 describes in Example 5 a hair-dyeing composition comprising tannin and an aluminum compound. That aluminum compound, however, is a stable complet and therefore not a water-soluble salt. EP-A-013329 discloses on page 12 tannins as colourants and on pages 4-7 solutions which can contain salts as provided for in the invention, but colourants and metal salt containing solution are not used together. The same applies mutandis mutandis for the disclosure in CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 59, no. 12, 9th December 1963, columns columns 14150h-14151a, Columbus, Ohio, US; V.S. SHUKLA et al.: "(Geranium nepalense) root extracts for dyeing silk and rayon", & RES. IND. (New Delhi) 8, 131-2(1963) and JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, PERKIN TRANSACTIONS I, no. 1, 1982, pages 9-14, The Chemical Society, Letchworth, GB; T. OKUDA et al.: "Constituents of Geranium thunbergii sieb. et zucc. Part 12. Hydrated stereostructure and equilibration of geraniin". SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a non-oxidizing type hair dyeing composition which may dye hair in any desired color without damaging the hair and skin. The present inventor studied the coloration by combination of tannins and metal salts and has found that reaction of tannins and metal salts of zinc, copper, tin, magnesium or aluminum forms various colors of dark or light or dense or sparse brown, yellow or green. The present invention has thus been completed on the basis of such finding. The present invention provides a hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more compounds selected from water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts; a hair-dyeing composition additionally containing one or more compounds selected from L-cysteine and salts thereof, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite and vitamin E, in addition to the said tannin(s) and water-soluble salt(s); a one-solution-type hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more compounds selected from water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum as a mixture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, tannins are polyoxyphenols existing in plant components and it is said that they have an astringent action to the skin and mucosa. Because of this action, in the past tannins have widely been utilized as a tanning agent, an antidiarrheal and an antiinflammatory agent. Tannins are roughly grouped into pyrogallol-tannins and catechol-tannins, any of which can be used in the present invention. In particular, geraniintannin and tanniic acid in the group of pyrogallol-tannins and catechin-tannin in the group of catechol tannins are preferably used. Geraniintannin is especially preferred as it has a high dyability. Geraniintannin is known as the main component in a herb cranesbill (Geranium nepalense var. thunbergii) . It does not taste bitter and hardly stimulates the skin and mucosa, although it has a strong binding capacity with proteins. Geraniintannin is derived from a herb cranesbill. A powdered form of the herb is extracted with a mixed solvent of ether/water (3/1), and the ether layer is harvested. This is concentrated under reduced pressure and ethanol is added thereto. The resulting mixture is discolored, filtered and further concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrated liquid is dried to obtain a powder. The powder thus obtained contains geraniintannin in an amount of about 90 %. The water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts for use in the present invention may be in the form of a water-soluble salt, such as chloride, acetate, sulfate or phosphate, of the respective metal. In particular, stannous chloride, zinc acetate, cupric chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride and zinc phosphate are preferred. The hair-dyeing composition of the present invention comprises one or more of the above-mentioned tannins and one or more composition selected from the above-mentioned water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts. The composition may be in any form of one-solution-type compositions, which may properly be selected in accordance with the use of the composition. When catechin-tannin or catechol-tannin is used, the tin salt forms an yellowish brown color, the zinc salt a reddish brown color, the copper salt a yellowish green color, the magnesium salt a liver brown color and the aluminum salt a reddish brown color; when geraniintannin or pyrogallol-tannin is used, the zinc salt forms an yellow color, the copper salt a green color, the tin salt an yellow color, the magnesium salt a pale yellow color and the aluminum salt a gold color; and when tannic acid is used, the copper salt forms a green color, and the tin salt and zinc salt form a white color. On the basis of the said color tones, plural tannins may be combined so as to control the density and deepness of the color tone to be formed on the hair dyed with the composition. When two or more kinds of the said water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts are combined, the intermediate colors may be obtained. The hair-dyeing composition of the present invention is a one-solution-type composition, and it is in the form of an aqueous solution containing one or more tannins in an amount of from 0.1 to 10.0 % by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 5.0 % by weight, and one or more water-solbule zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and/or aluminum salts in an amount of from 0.01 to 5.0 % by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 % by weight. A polyhydric alcohol such as propylene glycol or glycerin or ethanol is added to the said aqueous solution to form a liquid, emulsion or cream, which may directly be applied to hair to dye the same in a desired color. Alternatively, it may be incorporated into shampoo or rinse. Addition of one or more selected from sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, L-cysteine and L-cysteine hydrochloride and resins for hair such as ethoxyethyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer or cationated celluose to the hair dyeing composition of the present invention is advantageous, since the hair as dyed with the resulting composition may have an elevated color fastness even after repeated hair-shampooing. The amount of the said additives to be added to the composition of the invention is from 0.1 to 5.0 % by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 % by weight. They are added to the mixture of the two components for the one-solution-type composition. When the one-solution-type hair-dyeing composition of the present invention is actually used for hair-dyeing, the mixture comprising both tannin(s) and metal salt(s) may be directly applied to the hair to be dyed. Next, the following examples illustrate some embodiments of the hair-dyeing composition of the present invention and the hair-dyeing method using the composition. EXAMPLE A Composition : 1.0 % geraniintannin, 5.0 % propylene glycol, 30.0 % ethanol, 1.0 % cupric chloride, 0.5 % L-cysteine hydrochloride and 62.5 % pure water were blended to form a hair-dyeing composition. (The "percentage" is all by weight.) EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE (b) Test Method: 1 ml of the solution of the sample was applied to the hair of the back of a ddy mouse (male, 7 to 10-week age). After left as it was for about 5 minutes, the hair was dried with hot air from a drier. (c) Test Result: The test result was shown below. The hair-dyeing composition of the present invention is safe, without damaging the skin or hair, and it can easily be used for dyeing a hair into various colors. The composition is therefore an extremely useful dressing hair-dyeing composition.

Claims: A hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more compounds selected from water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts. The hair-dyeing composition as claimed in claim 1, in which the tannin component comprises one or more compounds selected from geraniintannin, tannic acid and catechin-tannin. A one-solution-type hair-dyeing composition comprising one or more tannins and one or more compounds selected from water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts as a mixture thereof. The hair-dyeing composition as claimed in claim 1, which further contains one or more substances selected from L-cysteine, salts of L-cysteine and resins for hair. The hair-dyeing composition as claimed in any one of claims 1, and 4, in which the water-soluble zinc, copper, tin, magnesium and aluminum salts are selected from zinc acetate, cupric chloride, cuprous chloride, magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride. The hair-dyeing as claimed in claim 1, which further contains one or more resins for hair selected from ethoxyethyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer and cationated cellulose.

Inventors: MOTONO, MASAHIRO
Applicants: HAYASHI, TERUAKI, SANSHO SEIYAKU CO., LTD.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: A61K7
IPC codes: A61K8, A61Q5