TRANSMISSION SHIFTER ASSEMBLY

Abstract: A shifter assembly for a manual transmission includes a yoke (20) mounted within a shift tower (13) for pivotable movement about a shifting axis (15). A shift lever (30) is mounted within the yoke (20) for pivotable movement about a selecting axis (26) located above and perpendicular to the shifting axis (15). The lower end of the shift lever extends into cooperation with conventional shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c) disposed within the transmission. By locating the shifting axis (15) relatively close to the shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c), a mechanical advantage is provided when moving the shift lever about the shifting axis. Since the selecting axis (26) is located farther away from the shift rails than the shifting axis (15), the lower end of the shift lever (30) travels farther when the upper end of the shift lever is moved a predetermined distance about the selecting axis (26) than when the upper end of the shift lever is moved about the shifting axis (15). Thus, the upper end of the shift lever (30) may be moveable over a shorter distance when would otherwise be required in order to select one of the shift rails for use, thereby providing a convenient shift pattern. A neutral start switch (43) is mounted in the tower (13) adjacent to the yoke (20). The neutral start switch (43) is respnsive to the pivoting movement of the yoke (20) out of its neutral position for generating an electrical signal.

Description: This invention relates to a transmission shifter assembly as specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such an assembly is known from EP-A-147927. In a typical multiple speed vehicle transmission, a shifter assembly is used for providing a desired one of a plurality of available gear ratios for use between rotatable input and output shafts. A plurality of shift rails are provided within the shifter assembly for accomplishing this gear ratio selection. If, for example, the transmission is capable of five forward gear ratios and one reverse gear ratio, the shifter assembly usually includes three of such shift rails. The shift rails are typically oriented in parallel fashion adjacent to one another, each being supported for longitudinal movement in opposite directions from a central neutral position. Since each of the three shift rails is capable of being moved to two different gear engaging positions, a total of six different gear ratios (five forward, one reverse) can be selected. The shifter assembly further includes a shift lever for selecting and shifting the shift rails. The upper end of the shift lever extends upwardly to a position where it is easily grasped and manipulated by an operator of the vehicle. The lower end of the gear shift lever extends into the shifter assembly so as to selectively extend into and cooperate with notches formed on the shift rails. By moving the upper end of the shift lever about one axis of movement (the selecting axis), the operator can move the lower end thereof into a single desired one of the notches formed in the three shift rails. This selecting movement of the shift lever does not move any of the shift rails out of their central neutral positions, but rather selects on of such shift rails for such movement. The operator can then move the selected shift rail out of its central neutral position into one of the two gear engaging positions by moving the upper end of the shift lever about another axis of movement (the shifting axis). Generally, the shifting axis is transverse to the selecting axis. EP-A-147927 discloses a shifter assembly for a transmission disposed within a transmission housing and having a plurality of movable shift rails, the shifter assembly comprising: a hollow tower having a lower end connected to the transmission housing; a yoke mounted within said tower for pivoting movement relative thereto about a first axis; and a shift lever mounted on said yoke for pivoting movement relative thereto about a second axis, said shift lever extending into cooperation with the shift rails. According to the present invention the second axis is disposed above the first axis and the shift lever is movable about said second axis for selecting one of the shift rails for movement and being movable with said yoke about said first axis for moving the selected one of the shift rails. To provide a selected gear ratio, the shift lever is initially pivoted relative to the yoke about the selecting axis. Consequently, the lower end of the shift lever is moved into a selected one of the shift rail notches. Neither the yoke nor any of the shift rails are moved out of their neutral positions during this initial movement of the shift lever about the selecting axis. Next, the shift lever and the yoke are pivoted about the shifting axis, causing the lower end of the shift lever to move the selected one of the shift rails out of its neutral position. A neutral start switch may be mounted in the tower adjacent to the yoke. The neutral start switch is responsive to the pivoting movement of the yoke out of its neutral position for generating an electrical signal indicating that one of the gears of the transmission is engaged. The neutral start switch signal may be used to prevent an engine of the vehicle from being started when any of the gears of the transmission are engaged. For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how it may be carried into effect reference will now be made by way of example to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a sectional elevational view of a dual ratio transmission shifter assembly in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevational view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Referring now to the drawings, there is illustrated a transmission shifter assembly, indicated generally at 10, in accordance with the invention. The shifter assembly 10 is mounted on a housing 11 of the transmission. The transmission itself is conventional in the art. Three elongate shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c are disposed within the transmission housing 11. Each of the shift rails 12a, 12, and 12c is associated with a gear engaging mechanism (not shown) of the transmission. The gear engaging mechanisms are adapted to selectively engage and connect various gears within the transmission to provide a plurality of available gear ratios between input and output shafts (neither shown) in a conventional manner. When the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c are in their illustrated neutral positions, the respective gear engaging mechanisms disconnect the transmission gears from one another, and no power is transmitted through the transmission. However, as will be described in greater detail below, the shifter assembly 10 can selectively move the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c both forwardly and rearwardly from their neutral positions (left and right when viewing Fig. 1) so as to cause the transmission to provide a desired one of a plurality of gear ratios for use between the input and output shafts of the transmission. The shifter assembly 10 includes a tower 13 having a base which is secured to the transmission housing 11 by any conventional means, such as a plurality of threaded fasteners (not shown). As best shown in Fig. 2, the tower 13 is hollow and has a pair of threaded apertures 13a formed therethrough. The apertures 13a are aligned with one another on opposite sides of the tower 13 near the base thereof. An axis 15 (the shifting axis, as will be explained below) is defined by the apertures 13a. A support member 16 is threaded within each of the apertures 13a. Each of the support members 16 terminates in a cylindrical trunnion 16a extending within the tower 13 along the shifting axis 15. An annular bearing 17 is mounted about each of the cylindrical trunnions 16a. A shift yoke, indicated generally at 20, is mounted within the tower 13 for pivoting movement about the shifting axis 15. As best shown in Fig. 2, the yoke 20 includes a pair of lower legs 21, each of which has an aperture 22 formed therethrough. The apertures 22 are sized to receive the annular bearings 17 therein such that the yoke 20 is pivotably supported within the tower 13 for movement about the shifting axis 15. As best shown in Fig. 1, the yoke 20 further includes a pair of upper legs 23. An aperture 25 is formed through each of the upper legs 23 which are aligned so as to define an axis 26 therethrough (the selecting axis, as will be explained below). The selecting axis 26 is perpendicular to the shifting axis 15 and is located near an upper end of the tower 13. A pivot pin 27 extends through the apertures 25 between the upper legs 23 of the yoke 20. Between the upper legs 23, a pair of annular bearings 28 are disposed about the pivot pin 27. A shift lever 30 extends vertically through the shifter assembly 10. An aperture 31 is formed through the shift lever 30. The pivot pin 27 and the annular bearings 28 are received within the aperture 31 such that the shift lever 30 is mounted for pivoting movement relative to the yoke 20 about the selecting axis 26. The upper end of the shift lever 30 extends upwardly out of the tower 13 to a location where it can easily be grasped and manipulated by an operator, as will be discussed below. A flexible boot 32 is connected between the tower 13 and the shift lever 30. The lower end of the boot 32 is attached about the upper end of the tower 13 by a band 33, while the upper end of the boot 32 is attached about the shift lever 30 by a band 35. The boot 32 prevents dirt or other contaminants to enter within the tower 13, while permitting unrestricted movement of the shift lever 30. The lower end of the shift lever 30 extends downwardly through the tower 13 into an area defined by aligned notches formed in each of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c. As shown in Fig. 2, a boss 40 is formed on one of the lower legs 21 of the yoke 20. The boss 40 extends outwardly from the leg 21 and terminates in a generally flat end surface having a small recess 41 formed in the center thereof. The boss 40 is aligned with an aperture 42 formed through the tower 13. A neutral start switch assembly 43 is retained within the aperture 42. The neutral start switch assembly 43 is conventional in the art and includes a movable plunger 45 adapted to engage the end surface of the boss 40. As will be described in greater detail below, the neutral start switch assembly 43 generates electrical signals in response to movement of the yoke 20. To operate the transmission, the upper end of the shift lever 30 is initially moved such that it is pivoted about the upper selecting axis 26. As described above, such movement of the shift lever 30 occurs without movement of the yoke 20. Consequently, the yoke 20 remains in its illustrated neutral position, wherein the plunger 45 of the neutral start switch assembly 43 is received in the recess 41 formed in the end surface of the boss 40. By moving the shift lever 30 about the selecting axis 26, the lower end thereof can be moved into a single desired one of the aligned notches formed in the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c. This selecting movement of the shift lever 30 does not move any of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c out of their central neutral positions, but rather selects one of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c for such movement. As is well known, it is desirable to prevent a vehicle engine from being started when the transmission is not in neutral. So long as the plunger 45 of the neutral start switch assembly remains in the recess 41 of the boss 40, the neutral start switch assembly 43 generates an electrical signal indicating that all of the gears of the transmission are disengaged such that no power can be transmitted therethrough, i.e., that the transmission is in neutral. This signal is used by a conventional ignition interlock (not shown) or other means to enable the engine of the vehicle to be started. To engage the transmission, the selected one of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c can be moved out of its central neutral position by moving the upper end of the shift lever 30 about the shifting axis 15. As described above, such movement of the shift lever 30 also causes pivoting movement of the yoke 20 out of its neutral position. The movement of the yoke 20 causes the recess 41 on the boss 40 to move relative to the plunger 45 of the neutral start switch assembly 43. As a result, the plunger 45 is retracted within the neutral start switch assembly 43. Such retraction causes the neutral start switch assembly 43 to generate an electrical signal indicating that some of the gears of the transmission are engaged, i.e., that the transmission is not in neutral. This signal is used by the ignition interlock to prevent the engine of the vehicle from being started. Thus, it can be seen that the appropriate electrical signals are generated by the neutral start switch assembly 43 by sensing the movement of the yoke 20. The relative orientation of the shifting axis 15 and the selecting axis 26 as described above is advantageous. By locating the shifting axis 15 near the lower end of the tower 13 and relatively close to the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c, a mechanical advantage is provided to the operator when moving the shift lever 30 about the shifting axis 15. Such mechanical advantage reduces the amount of effort required to be exerted to move the selected one of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c than if the shifting axis 15 were disposed further upwardly within the tower 13. This is important in accounting for comfort or "feel" of the shifter assembly 10 during the shifting process. Since the selecting axis 26 is located above the shifting axis 15 (i.e., farther away from the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c than the shifting axis 15), the same mechanical advantage does not apply to movement of the shift lever 30 about the selecting axis 26. However, the lack of such mechanical advantage is of no consequence, since the lower end of the shift lever 30 does not engage or move any components when it is moved about the selecting axis 26. Furthermore, because the selecting axis 26 is located farther away from the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c than the shifting axis 15, the lower end of the shift lever 30 travels farther when the upper end of the shift lever 30 is moved a predetermined distance about the selecting axis 26 than when the upper end of the shift lever 30 is moved about the shifting axis 15. Thus, the operator does not have to move the upper end of the shift lever 30 as far as would otherwise be required in order to select one of the shift rails 12a, 12b, and 12c for use, thereby providing a more convenient shift pattern.

Claims: A shifter assembly for a transmission disposed within a transmission housing (11) and having a plurality of movable shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c), the shifter assembly comprising: a hollow tower (13) having a lower end connected to the transmission housing (11); a yoke (20) mounted within said tower (13) for pivoting movement relative thereto about a first axis (15); and a shift lever (30) mounted on said yoke (20) for pivoting movement relative thereto about a second axis (26), said shift lever (30) extending into cooperation with the shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c), characterized in that said second axis (26) is disposed above said first axis (15) and in that said shift lever (30) is movable about said second axis (26) for selecting one of the shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c) for movement and being movable with said yoke (20) about said first axis (15) for moving the selected one of the shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c). A shifter assembly as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the yoke (20) has a pair of lower legs (21), each having an aperture (22) formed therethrough, and in that said shifter assembly further comprises a pair of support members (16) connected to said tower and extending therein, said support members (16) being aligned with said first axis (15) and receiving said lower leg apertures (22) thereon so as to support said yoke (20) thereon for pivoting movement about said first axis (15). A shifter assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said yoke (20) further comprises a pair of upper legs (23), each having an aperture (25) formed therethrough, and in that said shifter assembly further comprises a pivot pin (27) extending through said shift lever (30) through said upper leg apertures (25), said upper leg apertures (25) being aligned with said second axis (26) so as to support said shift lever (30) on said yoke (20) for movement about said second axis (26). A shifter assembly as claimed in any preceding claim characterized in that said shifter assembly further comprises means (43) mounted in said tower and responsive to the movement of said yoke (20) about said first axis (15), for generating an electric signal to indicate that one of the shift rails (12a, 12b, 12c) has been moved. A shifter assembly as claimed in claim 4 characterized in that said means includes a switch. A shifter assembly as claimed in claim 5 characterized in that said switch includes a plunger (45) adapted to engage a boss (41) formed on said yoke. A shifter assembly as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 characterized in that said electric signal prevents the starting of a vehicle engine.

Inventors: HOLMAN, JAMES L., WILLFORD, GEORGE A.
Applicants: DANA CORPORATION
Application year: 1989
Main classification: B60K20
IPC codes: F16H59, F16H63, F16H61