Joint device for connecting two rotatable members

Abstract: A joint device (10), wherein a shaft (16) is supported by a base member (15), and can rotate in a first direction (A) and a second direction (B). Two coil springs (31, 50) are mounted on the shaft. The first coil spring (31) has an end (32) fixed to the base member (15). The inner diameter of the first coil spring (31) is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft (16). The first coil spring (31) is wound around the shaft (16) in the first direction (A). The first coil spring (31) is wound tightly around the shaft (16) when the shaft (16) is rotated in the first direction (A). An arm (40) is attached to the shaft (16). The arm (40) twists the free end (33) of the first coil spring (31) in the second direction (B), whereby a return torque is accumulated in the first coil spring (31). The second soil spring (50) also has an end (51) fixed to the base member (15). The free end (52) of the second coil spring (50) is twisted when the shaft (16) is rotated in the second direction (B), thereby a return torque is accumulated in the second coil spring (50).

Description: The present invention relates to a joint device for connecting two members which are incorporated in an apparatus and which can rotate relative to each other, as is specified in the preamble of claim 1, claim 5, or claim 7. A corresponding joint device is described in JP-U-63-168 520. A laptop word-processor or a laptop personal computer comprises a main body and a rotatable display unit. The display unit is attached at one side to the main body by a hinge mechanism and is therefore rotatable. Once the unit is bent down onto the main body, it is held in a closed position by means of a lock mechanism. The hinge mechanism includes a friction member which applies a friction on the display unit which has been opened, thereby holding the unit at a desired angle to the main body. The hinge mechanism may also includes a spring which exerts a return torque on the display unit immediately after the unit has been moved up a little from the closed position, thereby quickly rotating the unit upward until the unit reaches a position where it is inclined to the main body at a predetermined angle. Recently it is increasingly demanded that the laptop apparatuses be made thinner. The thinner they become, the less space is provided for accommodating the hinge mechanism. Hence, it is required that the friction member and the spring be as small as possible. If the friction member and the spring are as small as desired, they may fail to generate an adequate friction and a sufficient return torque, respectively. Accordingly it is the first object of the present invention to provide a joint device which can apply a proper torque on a rotatable member. Further, the second object of the invention is to provide a joint device which can exert an appropriate friction between two members rotatable relative to each other. According to the present invention, there is provided a joint device which has a relatively small diameter and can, nevertheless, generate a proper torque and an appropriate friction. The joint device is designed to connect a first member to a second member rotatable relative to the first member, and comprises the features of claim 1, claim 5, or claim 7. Preferred developments of the invention can be taken from the corresponding subclaims. This invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a front view illustrating a joint device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint device illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a left-side view representing the joint device illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a right-side view of the device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the joint device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the arm member incorporated in the joint device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a side view of an apparatus in which the joint device shown in Fig. 1 is incorporated; Fig. 8 is a front view illustrating a joint device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a left-side view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a right-side view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is a bottom view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 13 is a front view illustrating a joint device according to a third embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 13; Fig. 15 is a right-side view of the device shown in Fig. 13; Fig. 16 is a front view illustrating a joint device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 17 is a sectional view showing the joint device illustrated in Fig. 16; and Fig. 18 is a right-side view of the device shown in Fig. 16. A joint device 10, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, will now be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6. As is shown in Fig. 7, two identical joint devices 10 are used in an apparatus 11 such as a laptop word-processor or a laptop personal computer. The apparatus 11 comprises a main body 12 and a display unit 13. The joint devices 10 connect the display unit 13 to the main body 12 such that the unit 13 can be rotated from a closed position P0 to an open position P2. The display unit 13 is held in the closed position P0 since the hook of a lock mechanism 14 is latched in the engagement section 14a of the main body 12. Needless to say, the joint device can be used in any apparatus other than a laptop word-processor and a laptop personal computer, that has at least two members rotatable relative to each other. Either joint device 10 comprises a base member 15 and a shaft 16 as is illustrated in Fig. 1. The base member 15 has a base 17 and a vertical wall 18 connected to one end of the base 17. A hollow-cylindrical bearing 19 is fitted in the vertical wall 18 and has a through hole 20. As is best shown in Fig. 5, the base 17 also has several holes 21. As is illustrated in Fig. 7, the base member 15 is fastened to the base 13a of the display unit 13 by means of screws (not shown) which pass through the holes 21. The shaft 16 extends through the hole 20 of the bearing 19 fitted in the vertical wall 18 of the base member 15. The shaft 16 can rotate in a first direction, or in the direction of arrow A shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and also in a second direction, or in the direction of arrow B shown in Figs. 1 and 4. As may be best shown in Fig. 2, the shaft 16 consists of a first portion 25, a second portion 26, and a connecting portion 27. The connecting portion 27 is coupled to the main body 12 of the apparatus 11. The first portion 25, which is a solid cylinder, has an outer diameter nearly equal to that of the bearing 19. As is evident from Fig. 4, the connecting portion 27 has a substantially rectangular cross section. As is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, either joint device 10 further comprises two coil springs 31 and 50 which are wound around the first portion 25 and second portion 26 of the shaft 16, respectively. The first spring 31 consists of a fixed end 32, a free end 33, and a coil portion 34 connecting the ends 32 and 33. The fixed end extend in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 34. As is shown in Fig. 4, the fixed end 32 is fixed in a hole 35 cut in the base member 15. The coil portion 34 is wound around the first portion 25 and also the bearing 19, in a first direction of rotation, or in the direction of arrow A shown in Fig. 1. When the coil portion 34 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the first portion 25 of the shaft 16. Therefore, the inner circumference of the coil portion 34 is in tight contact with the outer circumference of the first portion 25 of the shaft 16. The free end 33 of the first coil spring 31 extends in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 34. As is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, an arm 40 is attached to the shaft 16 by means of a pin 41. The arm 40 is specifically shaped as is shown in Fig. 6. It has a through hole 43, a hole 44, and a projection 45. The shaft 16 extends through the hole 43, and the pin 41 is inserted in the hole 44. The projection 45 protrudes in such a direction as to abut on the free end 33 of the first coil spring 31 when the arm 40 is rotated in a second direction of rotation, or in the direction of arrow B shown in Fig. 1. As has been described, the second coil spring 50 is wound around the second portion 26 of the shaft 16. The second coil spring 50 consists of a first fixed end 51, a second fixed end 52, and a coil portion 53 connecting the ends 51 and 52. The first fixed end 51 is bent outwardly in the radial direction of the coil 50 and fixed in a hole 54 cut in the base member 15. When the coil portion 53 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the second portion 26 of the shaft 16. The second fixed end 52 of the second coil spring 50 extends inward in the radial direction of the coil portion 53. As is shown in Fig. 2, a second projection 61 is integrally formed with the end of the shaft 16. The second projection 61 has a slit 60 extending in the diameter of the shaft 16 as is shown in Fig. 3. The second fixed end 52 of the second coil spring 50 is fitted in the slit 60. The second projection 61 also has an annular groove 62 cut in its circumference. A ring 63 is fitted in the annular groove 62, preventing the second fixed end 52 of the shaft 16 from slipping out of the slit 60. It will now be explained how either joint device 10 operates. When the shaft 16 is rotated in the first direction A, a friction is generated between the first portion 25 of the shaft 16 and the coil portion 34 of the first spring 31. Due to this friction, the coil portion 34 is twisted in the first direction A. As a result, the coil portion 34 is wound more tightly around the first portion 25 of the shaft 16. The friction between the first portion 25 and the coil portion 34 thereby increases and becomes strong enough to hold the display unit 13 at any position between the vertical position P1 and the rearward inclined position P2, both illustrated in Fig. 7. Meanwhile, the coil portion 53 of the second coil spring 50 is twisted in the first direction A when the shaft 16 is rotated in the first direction A. A return torque is thereby generated to bias the shaft 16 in the second direction B. If this torque is applied in the direction of arrow F1 in Fig. 7, the display unit 13 can be prevented from rotating downward toward the position P2 by its own weight. When the shaft 16 is rotated in the second direction B, the first projection 45 of the arm 40 eventually goes into abutment with the free end 33 of the first coil spring 31. As the free end 33 rotates in the second direction B, the coil portion 34 of the first spring 31 is twisted in the second direction B. Hence, a return torque is generated in the coil portion 34 to rotate the shaft 16 backward in the first direction A. At this time, the coil portion 34 expands in its radial direction. In other words, its diameter becomes greater than when it is in the unbiased condition. Meanwhile, a return torque is generated also in the coil portion 53 of the second coil spring 50 when the shaft 16 is rotated in the second direction B, thereby twisting the second fixed end 52 of the second coil spring 50 in the same direction. This return torque also acts to rotate the shaft 16 in the first direction A. The return torques generated in the coil springs 31 and 50, both acting in the first direction A, are used as force F2 for rotating up the display unit 13 from the closed position P0 to an intermediate position P3 (see Fig. 7). With reference to Figs. 8 to 12, a joint device 70 which is the second embodiment of the invention will be described. As is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, this joint device 70 comprises two base members 71 and 72 and a shaft 77. As is clearly illustrated in Fig. 12, the base member 71 has holes 73, and the base member 72 has holes 74. A hollow cylindrical bearing 76 is fitted to the base member 71. The bearing 76 has a through hole 78. The base member 72 also has a through hole 79. The shaft 77 passes through the holed 78 and 79. As is best shown in Fig. 9, the shaft 77 has an annular groove cut in the portion which is located just outside the base member 72. A ring 80 is fitted in the annular groove, thus restricting the axial movement of the shaft 77. Both base members 71 and 72 are fastened to the main body 12 of the apparatus 11 (Fig. 7) by means of screws (not shown) inserted in the holes 73 and 74. The shaft 77 is supported by the base members 71 and 72, such that it can rotate in a first direction and a second direction which are indicated by arrows A and B in Figs. 8 and 11. The shaft 77 consists of a first portion 85, a second portion 86, and a connecting portion 87. The first portion 85, which is a solid cylinder, has an outer diameter equal to that of the bearing 76. As is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, joint device 70 further comprises two coil springs 90 and 110 which are wound around the first portion 85 and second portion 86 of the shaft 77, respectively. The first spring 90 consists of a fixed end 91, a free end 92, and a coil portion 93 connecting the ends 91 and 92. The fixed end 91 extends in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 93. As is shown in Fig. 11, the fixed end 91 is fixed in a hole 95 cut in the base member 71. The coil portion 93 is wound around the first portion 85 and also the bearing 76, in a first direction of rotation, or in the direction of arrow A shown in Fig. 8. When the coil portion 93 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the first portion 85 of the shaft 77. The free end 92 of the first coil spring 90 extends in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 93. As is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, an arm 100 is attached to the shaft 77 by means of a pin 101. The arm 100 has a projection 103 at one end. The projection 103 protrudes in such a direction as to abut on the free end 92 of the first coil spring 90 when the arm 100 is rotated in a second direction of rotation, or in the direction of arrow B shown in Fig. 8. The base member 71 is held by a washer 104 and a ring 105, and thus prevented from slipping from the end of the shaft 77. As has been described, the second coil spring 110 is wound around the second portion 86 of the shaft 77. The second coil spring 110 consists of a first fixed end 111, a second fixed end 112, and a coil portion 113 connecting the ends 111 and 112. The first fixed end 111 is fixed in a hole 114 cut in the base member 71. When the coil portion 113 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion 86 of the shaft 77. The second fixed end 112 of the second coil spring 110 is bent around a second projection 115 protruding from the end of the arm 100. The operation of the joint device 70 will now be explained. When the shaft 77 is rotated in the first direction A, a friction is generated between the first portion 85 of the shaft 77 and the coil portion 93 of the first spring 90. Due to this friction, the coil portion 93 is twisted in the first direction A. As a result, the coil portion 93 is wound more tightly around the first portion 85 of the shaft 77. The friction between the first portion 85 and the coil portion 93 thereby increases. When the shaft 77 is rotated in the second direction B, the first projection 103 of the arm 100 eventually goes into abutment with the free end 92 of the first coil spring 90. The coil portion 93 of the first spring 90 is twisted in the second direction B. Hence, a return torque is generated in the coil portion 93 to rotate the shaft 77 reversely in the first direction A. In the meantime, a return torque is generated also in the coil portion 113 of the second coil spring 110 when the shaft 77 is rotated in the second direction B. This return torque acts to rotate the shaft 77 reversely in the first direction A. Thus, the two coil springs 90 and 110 co-operate to generate a great return torque. With reference to Figs. 13 to 15, a joint device 120 which is the third embodiment of the invention will be described. As is shown in Figs. 13 and 14, this joint device 120 comprises two base members 121 and 122 and a shaft 125. Hollow cylindrical bearings 123 and 124 are fitted to the base members 121 and 122, respectively. The bearing 123 has a through hole 126, and the bearing 124 has a through hole 127. The shaft 125 extends through the holes 126 and 127. A washer 131 prevents the base member 121 from moving in the axial direction. Similarly, a washer 132 prevents the base member 122 from moving in the axial direction. A ring 133 prevents the shaft 125 from moving in the axial direction. The shaft 125 is supported by the base members 123 and 124, such that it can rotate in a first direction and a second direction which are indicated by arrows A and B in Fig. 15. The shaft 125 consists of a first portion 140, a second portion 141, and a connecting portion 142. The first portion 141 and the second portion 142, either being a solid cylinder, have an outer diameter equal to that of the bearings 123 and 124. The joint device 120 further comprises two coil springs 145 and 160 which are wound around the first portion 140 and second portion 141 of the shaft 125, respectively. The first spring 145 consists of a fixed end 146, a free end 147, and a coil portion 148 connecting the ends 146 and 147. As is shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the fixed end 146 is fixed in a hole 150 cut in the base member 121. The coil portion 148 is wound around the first portion 140 and also the bearing 123 in the first direction A. When the coil portion 148 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the first portion 140 of the shaft 125. The free end 147 of the first coil spring 145 extends in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 148. As is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14, an arm 155 is attached to the shaft 125 by means of a pin 156. The arm 155 has a projection 157 at one end. The projection 157 protrudes in such a direction as to abut on the free end 147 of the first coil spring 145 when the arm 155 is rotated in the second direction B. As has been described, the second coil spring 160 is wound around the second portion 141 of the shaft 125. The second coil spring 160 consists of a fixed end 161, a free end 162, and a coil portion 163 connecting the ends 161 and 162. The fixed end 161 is fixed in a hole 164 cut in the base member 122. The coil portion 163 is wound around the second portion 141 of the shaft 125 and the bearing 124, in the first direction A. The coil portion 163 is wound in the direction opposite to that in which the coil portion 148 of the first spring 145. When the coil portion 163 is in an unbiased condition, its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the second portion 141 of the shaft 125. The free end 162 of the second coil spring 160 extends in tangent to the circumference of the coil portion 163 of the second coil spring 160. The coil portion 163 has the same diameter as that of the coil portion 148 of the first spring 145. The arm 155 has a second projection 170 at one end. The projection 170 protrudes in such a direction as to abut on the free end 162 of the second coil spring 160 when the arm 155 is rotated in the second direction B. The operation of the joint device 120 will now be explained. When the shaft 125 is rotated in the first direction A, a friction is generated between the first portion 140 of the shaft 125 and the coil portion 148 of the first spring 145, and also between the second portion 141 of the shaft 125 and the coil portion 163 of the second spring 160. Due to this friction, the coil portions 148 and 163 are twisted in the first direction A. As a result, the coil portions 148 and 163 are wound more tightly around the portions 140 and 141 of the shaft 125, respectively. The friction between the first portion 140 and the coil portion 148 and the friction between the second portion 141 and the coil portion 163 are thereby increase. When the shaft 125 is rotated in the second direction B, the projections 157 and 170 abuts onto the free end 147 of the first coil spring 145 and the free end 162 of the second coil spring 160, respectively. The coil portions 148 and 163 are there therefore twisted in the second direction B. Hence, a return torque is generated in either coil portion to rotate the shaft 125 reversely in the first direction A. Thus, the two coil springs 145 and 160 co-operate to generate a great return torque. With reference to Figs. 16 to 18, a joint device 180 which is the fourth embodiment of the invention will be described. This joint device 180 is identical in structure to the device 120 shown in Figs. 13 to 15, except for the following respects only. Hence, in Figs. 16 to 18, the same and like components are designated at the same numerals as those used in Figs. 13 to 15, and will not be described in detail. The joint device 180 comprises two coil springs 181 and 182. The springs 181 and 182 are wound around the first and second portions 140 and 141 of the shaft 125. The first coil spring 181 consists of a fixed end 185, a free end 186, and a coil portion 187 connecting the ends 185 and 186. As is shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the fixed end 185 is fixed in a hole 150 cut in the base member 121. The second coil spring 182 consists of a fixed end 190 a free end 191, and a coil portion 192 connecting the ends 190 and 191. The fixed end 190 is fixed in a hole 164 cut in the base member 122. The coil springs 181 and 182 have the same diameter, and wound around the shaft 125 in the same direction. A spacer 193 is mounted on and fixed to the shaft 125 by means of a pin 156, and is located between the first coil spring 181 and the second coil spring 182. In operation, when the shaft 125 is rotated in the first direction A as is shown in Fig. 16, the coil portion 187 of the coil spring 181 is wound tightly around the first portion 140 of the shaft 125. As a result, a great friction is generated between the shaft 125 and the first spring 181. When the shaft 125 is rotated in the second direction B, the coil portion 192 of the coil spring 182 is wound tightly around the second portion 141 of the shaft 125. A great friction is thereby generated between the shaft 125 and the second spring 182.

Claims: A joint device (10, 70) for connecting a first member (12) to a second member rotatable relative to the first member, comprising: at least one base member (15, 71, 72) fastened to the first member; a shaft (16, 77) supported by the base member (15, 71, 72), capable of rotating in a first direction (A) and also in a second direction (B) opposite to the first direction (A), and having a first portion (25, 85), a second portion (26, 86), and a connecting portion (27, 87) connected to said second member; a first spring (31, 90) having a fixed end (32, 91) set in engagement with said base member (15, 71), a free end (33, 92), and a coil portion (34, 93) connecting the fixed and free ends (32, 91; 33, 92) and wound in the first direction (A) around the first portion (25, 85) of said shaft (16, 77), the inner diameter of said coil portion (34, 93) being smaller than that of the first portion (25, 85) of said shaft (16, 77) when said coil portion (34, 93) is in free condition; and a first means (45, 103) added to said shaft (16, 77), for moving the free end (33, 92) of said first spring (31, 90) when said shaft (16, 77) is rotated in the second direction (B), thereby to twist the coil portion (34, 93) of said first spring (31, 90) in the second direction (B); characterized by : a second spring (50, 110) having a first fixed end (51, 111) set in engagement with said base member (15, 72), a second fixed end (52, 112), and a coil portion (53, 113) connecting the first and second fixed ends (51, 111; 52, 112) and located at the second portion (26, 86) of said shaft (16, 77), the inner diameter of said coil portion (53, 113) being greater than that of the second portion (26, 86) of the shaft (16, 77) when said coil portion (53, 113) is in free condition; and a second means (61, 115) added to said shaft (16, 77), for moving the second fixed end (52, 112) of said second spring (50, 110) when said shaft (16, 77) is rotated in the second direction (B), thereby to twist the coil portion (53, 113) of said second spring (50, 110) in the second direction (B). The joint device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said shaft (16) has a slit (60) cut in one end, and the second fixed end (52) of said second spring (50) is fitted in the slit (60) of said shaft (16). The joint device (70) according to claim 1, characterized in that an arm member (100) is located between the first and second portions (85, 86) of said shaft (77), and said first and second means (103, 115) protrude from the arm member (100). The joint device (70) according to claim 3, characterized in that said second means (115) is located so as to contact the second fixed end (112) of said second spring (110) when said shaft (77) is rotated in the second direction (B). A joint device (120) for connecting a first member to a second member rotatable relative to the first member, comprising: at least one base member (121, 122) fastened to the first member; a shaft (125) supported by the base member (121, 122), capable of rotating in a first direction (A) and also in a second direction (B) opposite to the first direction (A), and having a first portion (140), a second portion (141), and a connecting portion (142) connected to said second member; a first spring (145) having a fixed end (146) set in engagement with said base member (121), a free end (147), and a coil portion (148) connecting the fixed and free ends (146, 147) and wound in the first direction (A) around the first portion (140) of said shaft (125), the inner diameter of said coil portion (148) being smaller than that of the first portion (140) of said shaft (125) when said coil portion (148) is in free condition; and a first projection (157) added to said shaft (125), for moving the free end (147) of said first spring (145) when said shaft (125) is rotated in the second direction (B), thereby to twist the coil portion (148) of said first spring (145) in the second direction (B); characterized by : a second spring (160) having a fixed end (161) set in engagement with said base member (122), a free end (162), and a coil portion (163) connecting the fixed and free ends (161, 162) and wound in the first direction (A) around the second portion (141) of said shaft (125), the inner diameter of said coil portion (163) being smaller than the outer diameter of the second portion (141) of the shaft (125) when said coil portion (163) is in free condition; and a second projection (170) added to said shaft (125), for moving the free end (162) of said second spring (160) when said shaft (125) is rotated in the second direction (B), thereby to twist the coil portion (163) of said second spring (160) in the second direction (B). The joint device (120) according to claim 5, characterized in that the coil portion (148) of said first spring (145) and the coil portion (163) of said second spring (160) are wound in the opposite directions, an arm member (155) is located between the first and second portions (140, 141) of said shaft (125), and said first and second projections (157, 170) protrude from the arm member (155). A joint device (180) for connecting a first member to a second member rotatable relative to the first member, comprising: at least one base member (121, 122) fastened to the first member; a shaft (125) supported by the base member (121, 122), capable of rotating in a first direction (A) and also in a second direction (B) opposite to the first direction (A), and having a first portion (140), a second portion (141), and a connecting portion (142) connected to said second member; and a first spring (181) having a fixed end (185) set in engagement with said base member (121), a free end (186), and a coil portion (187) connecting the fixed and free ends (185, 186) and wound in the first direction (A) around the first portion (140) of said shaft (125), the inner diameter of said coil portion (187) being smaller than that of the first portion (140) of said shaft (125) when said coil portion (187) is in free condition; characterized by : a second spring (182) having a fixed end (190) set in engagement with said base member (122), a free end (191), and a coil portion (192) connecting the fixed and free ends (190, 191) and wound in the second direction (B) around the second portion (141) of said shaft (125), the inner diameter of said coil portion (192) being smaller than the outer diameter of the second portion (141) of the shaft (125) when said coil portion (192) is in free condition.

Inventors: KITAMURA YOSHIHARU C O KOMAGAN, KITAMURA, YOSHIHARU C/O KOMAGANE KOJYO
Applicants: NHK SPRING CO LTD, NHK SPRING CO., LTD.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: F16C11
IPC codes: E05D11, E05F1, F16C11, A47B49