Method for making a resin bonded magnet article

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet, which comprises steps of mixing a magnet element and microcapsules each of which contains at least one component of a thermally polymerizable resin composition as a binder component, mechanically breaking at least a part of the microcapsules during formation of a green compact comprising said resin composition and said magnet element to discharge the components of said resin composition from the capsules, and curing said resin to produce the resin-bonded magnet.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet article comprising a Fe-B-R type magnetic element. Description of the Related Art The resin-bonded magnet is usually formed into a ring-form article such as a ring, a cylinder or a C-shaped article, and a supporting member for such molded article has also a ring form or a hollow or solid cylinder form although the supporting member optionally has an engaging element. It is, however, very difficult to form a ring-form article from the sintered magnet which comprises a rare earth element and cobalt and has, for example, a composition of RCo₅ or R(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n wherein R is a rare earth element such as Sm and Ce, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements of the IV, V, VI and VII groups in the Periodic Table, and n is an integer of 5 to 9, and to impart magnetic anisotropy in a radial direction of said ring-form article. One of the major reasons for this difficulty resides in that coefficients of expansion vary due to anisotropy during sintering. Particularly, when a thin wall ring magnet is to be produced, this drawback should be avoided through isotropy of magnetic properties. Thus, the magnetic characteristic of the sintered rare earth element-cobalt magnet decreases from its inherent value of 20 to 30 MGOe to only about 5 MGOe. In case of the rotor member of the permanent magnet motor which requires high dimensional accuracy, ground finish of the formed rotor member is necessary, which results in a poor yield. In view of such poor yield and use of expensive Sm and Co as major components, the performance and the production cost of the rotor member are not well balanced. Further, since the sintered magnet is mechanically fragile, a part of the magnet will be peeled off, splashed or transferred to other element. This will influence the maintenance of the function or reliability of the permanent magnet motor. In case of the ring-form article made of the compound of the rare earth element-cobalt magnet and the resin, since the resin matrix compensates the difference of coefficients of expansion of the magnet which is made anisotropic in the radial direction, the ring-form magnet article can have the magnetic anisotropy in the radial direction. For example, when the magnetic anisotropy is imparted to the injection-molded resin-bonded magnet comprising the rare earth element-cobalt magnet in the axial direction, the magnetic with 8 to 10 MGOe is obtained. Further, the compound magnet has a 30 % smaller density and higher dimensional accuracy and is less fragile than the sintered magnet. Therefore, the resin-bonded magnet is a superior material for producing the ring-form magnet, particularly the thin wall ring-form magnet to the sintered magnet. As the compound magnet with high magnetic performances, known is a resin-bonded magnet comprising a magnet having the composition of Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n wherein M and n are the same as defined above bound with 2 to 6 % by weight of the epoxy resin composition. Herein, the epoxy resin composition is intended to mean a composition comprising an epoxy resin and a curing agent which three-dimensionally cross links the epoxy resin. In some cases, the epoxy resin composition may have large influence on the productivity or the performance of the resin-bonded magnet. In the context of the specification, the epoxy resin is intended to mean a compound having at least two oxirane rings of the formula: wherein in Y is a polyfunctional halohydrin, which may be a residue formed through a reaction between epichlorohydrin and a polyfunctional phenol. Preferred examples of the polyfunctional phenol are resorcinol and bisphenols which are produced by condensation of phenyl with an aldehyde or a ketone. Specific examples of the bisphenols are 2,2′-bis(p-hydroxyphenylpropane) (bisphenol-A), 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenylmethane, 2,2′-dihydroxydiphenyloxide and the like. One of the most general epoxy resin is the compound of the formula: wherein R is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of a saturated alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an oxygen atom and a sulfone group, y is an integer of 0 to 25, and m is 0 or 1. A typical example of this epoxy resin is a condensation product of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A (DGEBA). Examples of the curing agent for the epoxy resin are, in case of the resin-bonded magnet comprising the magnet element of Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n , azole compounds having an amino group and specifically the imidazoles of the formula: wherein R₁₁, R₁₂, R₁₃ and R₁₄ are the same or different and each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a phenyl group or a lower alkyl-substituted phenyl group, examples of which are imidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-methylimidazole, 1-methylimidazole, 1,2-dimethylimidazole and the like (cf JP-A- 37106/1985 and JP-A- 207302/1985). The epoxy resin composition comprising the above described epoxy resin (e.g. DGEBA) and the imidazole compound as the curing agent generally gives a cured epoxy resin having good chemical resistance and heat resistance. Therefore, such epoxy resin composition is useful to produce the resin-bonded magnet comprising the epoxy resin composition and the magnet of Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n which compound has improved chemical resistance and further a reduced irreversible coefficient at high temperatures. However, since the imidazole compounds are solid materials having high melting points of usually higher than 200°C, their mixing with the epoxy resin composition is very difficult, and the duration of use of the epoxy resin composition comprising the imidazole compounds is usually less than a week at room temperature. Further, the epoxy resin composition comprising the epoxy resin and the curing agent is gradually polymerized and cured to form dimers or trimers, whereby viscosity of the composition is increased. Since the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition will be increased also in the mixture of said composition with the magnet, when the resin-bonded magnet comprising the magnet of Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n with magnetic anisotropy is to be produced, a degree of magnetic orientation is decreased due to increase of viscosity and for example a residual magnetic flux density is reduced depending on the viscosity increase. Finally, the mixture forms gel, which makes the production of the resin-bonded magnet difficult. When it is necessary to impart the magnetic anisotropy to the magnet such as Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n , usually the epoxy resin composition is in the liquid form at room temperature so as to make the magnetic orientation easy. However, since the liquid epoxy resin composition has no flowability suitable for compression molding, it is extremely difficult to prepare a green compact for the production of the resin-bonded magnet article. In addition, since the green compact has very low mechanical strength, it is difficult to obtain the resin-bonded magnet article having good quality and performance. To overcome such defects of the epoxy resin composition, may proposals and suggestions have been made in relation with properties of a binder to be used in the preparation of the green compact. For example, JP-A- 63808/1980 discloses the preparation of the green compact by dry blending fine powder of a thermally polymerizable resin and the magnet element. Although this method has some effects on the maintenance of the property of the green compact, a large amount of the binder is required to homogeneously wet the surface of each magnet particle with the thermally polymerizable resin fine powder. As the result, the content of the magnetic element decreases and then the magnetic performance of the magnetic is deteriorated. JP-A- 194509/1985 discloses a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet article comprising coating the magnetic element particles with a thermally polymerizable resin composition which is in the solid state at room temperature, molding the green compact at a temperature higher than the softening point of the thermally polymerizable resin and releasing the molded article from the mold at a temperature lower than said softening point. Although this method has some effects on the maintenance of property and performance of the green compact, during molding, the green compact should be heated and cooled in relation to the softening point of the resin. This will create difficult problems in maintenance of production facilities for technical mass production of the resin-bonded magnet articles. Since some salts of the imidazole compounds with lower fatty acids or phosphoric acid are liquids or solids with lower melting points, the use of such salt will facilitate blending of the epoxy resin with the imidazole compounds. Since the use of such salt will extend the duration of use of the epoxy resin composition, the production of the resin-bonded magnet article which requires the achievement of magnetic anisotropy is stabilized. However, the reaction of the salt of imidazole compound with the epoxy resin produces the monofunctional epoxy resin since the acid residue of said salt reacts with the epoxy resin. Thereby, the crosslink density is decreased so that the chemical and heat resistances of the epoxy resin composition are deteriorated. The stability of the imidazole salt in which the basicity is neutralized with the acid is improved as the acidity of the acid becomes larger. But, this will further deteriorate the chemical and heat resistances of the epoxy resin composition. That is, the advantageous characteristics of the resin-bonded magnet comprising the imidazole compounds such as chemical resistance and suppression of the irreversible coefficient are deteriorated. It is possible to produce, for example, a ring-form article from the magnetic element Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n and to impart magnetic anisotropy in the radial direction. For example the method for imparting the magnetic anisotropy to the ring-form article in the radial direction disclosed in JP-A- 170501/1982 uses a mold in which magnetic yokes and non-magnetic yokes are alternately arranged around the mold cavity and a magnetizing coil is provided outside the mold or the magnetizing coil is embedded in a mold wall surrounding the cavity. In this method, to generate predetermined strength of magnetic field, a power source with low voltage and large current is used and a magnetomotive force is made large. To effectively focus a magnetic flux excited from outside the mold with the magnetizing coil through the yokes, a magnetic path should be made longer. Particularly, in case of a small ring-form magnet, a large portion of the magnetomotive force is consumed as leakage flux. The magnetic anisotropy in the radial direction cannot be sufficiently imparted to some ring articles having a certain shape. In addition, because of volumetric shrinkage caused by solidification of melt resin-bonded magnet comprising the rare earth element-cobalt magnet element during molding, the ring-form magnet with a thin wall may be cracked. In view of the above described difficulties such as maintenance of the magnetic property in the radial direction or volumetric shrinkage due to solidificatiorr of the melt, even the rare earth element-cobalt magnet element has poor shape flexibility in the production of the ring magnet. This will have large influence on design philosophy of the permanent magnet motor including the performance and structure. When the ring-form magnet is used as a rotor member of the permanent magnet motor, the ring-form magnet is often fixed to a shaft through a support which material varies from non-magnetic to magnetic rather than the ring-form magnet is directly fixed to the shaft. In the former case, the ring-form magnet and the support are mechanically engaged or bonded with an adhesive which is supplied in a narrow gap between them. This is because, in case of the ring-form magnet which quires the generation of magnetic anisotropy in the radial direction, it is very difficult to form the support which material varies from non-magnetic to magnetic integral with the ring-form magnet because of limitations on the mold structure with which the ring-form magnet is molded. When the ring-form magnet and the support are mechanically engaged, the ring-form magnet tends to be damaged. When they are bonded with the adhesive, since the gap in which the adhesive is supplied should be present between the ring magnet and the support, bonding strength and dimensional accuracy between the ring-form magnet and the support are not sufficient or the workability is not good. Thus, improvement of assembling property is desired. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an article comprising said resin-bonded magnet such as a ring-form magnet. The present invention relates to the production of a resin-bonded magnet article such as the rotor member of the permanent magnetic motor which is required to be thin and to have high efficiency and high performance as well as to be assembled easily. Accordingly, there is provided a method for producing a resin-bonded magnet article, which comprises steps of providing a granular compound comprising an Fe-B-R type magnet wherein R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr and a curable binder resin in a cavity formed by a support member and a mold wherein the support is heated at a temperature higher than the softening point of the binder resin and the mold is heated at a temperature lower than said softening point, pressing the granular compound in the cavity to form a green compact which is integrated with the support member and curing the binder resin to produce the resin-bonded magnet article. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figs. 1A to 1E schematically show the actions of a molding machine for directly molding the green compact integrally with a support member according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a rotor member consisting of the resin-bonded magnet article comprising the support member and the resin-bonded magnet which is directly bonded to the support member and a rotor shaft assembled in the bore of the composite article, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the preheating temperature of the support member and the bonding strength between the resin-bonded magnet and the support member which were integrally bonded according to the present invention, Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the outer diameter and the weight of the resin-bonded magnet in the rotor member, Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the integrally bonding strength and the times of thermal shock applied to the resin-bonded magnet article, Figs. 7A and 7B are photographs of the appearance of the granular resin-bonded magnet (I) with different magnifications, Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear strength between the support member and the resin-bonded magnet and the atmospheric temperature, Fig. 8 is a photograph of the bonding surface of the resin-bonded magnet which was removed from the support member through shear fracture, and Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a conventional rotor member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Preferably, the thermally polymerizable resin composition used in the present invention is the epoxy resin composition which is used as the binder in the conventional resin-bonded magnet. The epoxy resin composition herein used is intended to mean a composition comprising an epoxy resin, a curing agent for three dimensionally cross linking the epoxy resin and optional additives which may be reactive or unreactive with the essential components. The epoxy resin is intended to mean a compound having at least two oxirane rings of the formula: wherein in Y is a polyfunctional halohydrin, which may be a residue formed through a reaction between epichlorohydrin and a polyfunctional phenol. Preferred examples of the polyfunctional phenol are resorcinol and bisphenols which are produced by condensation of phenyl with an aldehyde or a ketone. Specific examples of the bisphenols are 2,2′-bis(p-hydroxyphenylpropane) (bisphenol-A), 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenylmethane, 2,2′-dihydroxybiphenyloxide and the like. These may be used independently or as a mixture thereof. Examples of the preferably usable epoxy resins are glycidyl ether type ones of the formula: wherein R₁ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R₂ to R₉ are the same or different and each a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a fluorine atom, A is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, -S-, -O-, or -CO₂-, and n is an integer of 0 to 10. The curing agent also may be any of the conventionally used ones. Specific examples of the curing agent are aliphatic acid polyamines, polyamides, heterocyclic diamines, aromatic polyamines, acid anhydride, aromatic ring-containing aliphatic polyamines, imidazoles, organic acid dihydrazide, polyisocyanates, etc and mixtures thereof. Specific examples of the optionally used additives are monoepoxy compounds, aliphatic acids and their metal soaps, aliphatic aid amides, etc. The microcapsules containing the components of the thermally polymerizable resin composition may be prepared by a known in situ polymerization process which comprises suspension polymerizing a monomer in the presence of such components. Preferred examples of the monomer to be used for the formation of the microcapsules are vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylates and mixtures thereof. The suspension polymerization can be carried out in the presence of a cross linking agent for a polymer prepared from these monomers. Preferably, the components of the thermally polymerizable resin composition are in the liquid forms at room temperature and inactive with the material of the microcapsules. Each microcapsule preferably has a single nuclear spherical form and a particle size of several to several ten micrometers. Two or more different components of the thermally polymerizable resin composition may be contained in one microcapsule. Other materials which may be contained in the microcapsules should form a non-cohesive solid in the finally prepared binder. As understood from the above, various combinations of the materials are possible according to the present invention. The materials to be used in the methods of the present invention includes, for example, (A) the component of the thermally polymerizable resin composition, which component is in the solid form at room temperature, (B) the component of the thermally polymerizable resin composition, which component is in the liquid form at room temperature, (C) the component of the thermally polymerizable resin composition contained in the capsules, which component is in the liquid form at room temperature, and (D) the magnetic element. Then, the combinations of the materials include a combination of (A), (B), (C) and (D), of (A), (C) and (D), of (B), (C) and (D) and of (C) and (D). When the material (B) is used, care should be taken on its influence on the flowability as the raw material for compression molding and the mechanical strength of the green compact. When the epoxy resin in the solid form at room temperature is used in the present invention, it should be easily soluble in an organic solvent. For example, the condensation product of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A (DGEBA) having a molecular weight of 900 or higher is in the solid form at room temperature. The latent curing compound used according to the present invention can be at least one hydrazide compound selected from the group consisting of dicyanediamide and its derivatives, carboxylic acid dihydrazide and diaminomaleonitrile and its derivatives. These compounds have high melting points and are difficultly soluble in an organic solvent. Preferably, they have an average particle size of several to several ten micrometers. The dicyanediamine derivatives are represented by the formula: wherein R₁₅ and R₁₆ are the same or different and each hydrogen, a lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group. Specific examples of the dicyanediamine derivatives are o-tolylbiguanide, α-2,5-dimethylbiguanide, α,ω-diphenylbiguanide, 5-hydroxynaphthyl-1-biguanide, phenylbiguanide, α,ω-dimethylbiguanide, etc. Carboxylic acid dihydrazide is represented by the formula: NH₂-NH-CO-R₁₇-CO-NH-NH₂ wherein R₁₇ is a divalent hydrocarbon group such as an alkylene group, a divalent aromatic group such as phenylene group or the like. Examples of the carboxylic acid dihydrazine are succinic acid hydrazide, adipic acid hydrazide, isophthalic acid hydrazide, p-oxybenzoic acid hyrazide, etc. The lubricant herein used includes higher fatty acids and their metal soaps, hydrocarbons, fatty acid amides, etc. The Fe-B-R type magnet element may be prepared by the melt spin method such as a single roll method as disclosed in Japanese Patent Kokai Publication No. 64739/ 1984. The produced thin particles may be used as such or thermally treated and used in the present invention. Preferably, such magnet element has a composition of the formula: Fe 100-x-y-z Co x R y B z wherein R is the same as defined above, and x, y and z are atomic percentages of Co, R and B, respectively and satisfy the following equations: 0 ≦ x ≦ 30, 10 ≦ y ≦ 28, 2 ≦ z ≦ 12, y + z ≦ 34 and 6z + y ≦ 34. Insofar as the inherent properties of the permanent magnet element are not impaired, the magnet element may further include randomly at least one of other elements such as Co, C, N, Si, P, Ge, Mo, Pd, Zr, Y, Tb, etc, or a part of Fe, B and/or R may be regularly replaced with such other elements. In addition, the particles of the melt-spin Fe-B-R type magnet element may have a coating film of a mono- or multi-molecular layer of a carbon-functional silane thereon. The coercive force of the melt-spin Fe-B-R type magnet element is based on the R₂Fe₁₄B tetragonal system. The crystal orientation of the tetragonal system is random in the particles. That is, in general, the particles are magnetically isotropic. Therefore, this type of the magnetic element requires no magnetic orientation treatment during the molding of the resin-bonded magnet, which is inevitable in the Sm(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n . In following Examples, the production of the resin-bonded magnet article of the present invention will be illustrated. Now, the procedures for producing the resin-bonded magnet article according to the present invention is explained by way of example by making reference to the drawing. Fig. 1A to 1E schematically show actions of a molding machine for directly molding the green compact integrally with a support member from the granular raw material for the resin-bonded magnet according to the present invention. In the machine of Fig. 1, as the die 6 is lifted, a cavity defined by the die 6, the lower punch 7 and the lower floating core 8 is formed. Then, the feeder cup 5 is shifted on the upper surface of the die 6 over the cavity, and the granular compound 12 is flowed into the cavity (Fig. A). The feeder cup 5 is shifted away from the cavity to finish the charge of the granular compound (Step A). On the top of the lower floating core 8, placed is a support member 11 which has been heated to a temperature higher than the softening point of the binder resin in the granular compound 12 as shown in Fig. 1B (Step B). As the upper floating core 9 is lowered, the support member 11 is lowered together with the lower floating core 8 as shown in Fig. 1C (Step C). The temperatures of the die 6, the lower punch 7, and the upper and lower floating cores 8,9 are kept lower than the softening point of the binder resin of the granular compound, while the temperature of the support member is kept higher than said softening point. Under such conditions, the upper punch 10 is lowered and the lower punch 7 is lifted to compress the granular compound 12 in the cavity to the high density as shown in Fig. 1D (Step D). In this step, as the density of the granular compound increases, the formation of the green compact 13 which is compressed and solidified proceeds, while a part of the binder resin in the compound is softened with the heat from the support member 11. Thus, the temperature of the support member is lowered through heat dissipation finally to a temperature lower than the softening point of the binder resin. As the result, the softened binder resin is again solidified and adheres directly to the support member. Thus, the magnet element is firmly bound or partly fused together with the binder, and the green body is bonded to the support member 11 through fusion bonding of the binder to the support member 11 to form the resin-bonded magnet article comprising the integrally bonded green body and the support member. Then, the green body 13 which is integral with the support member 11 is removed from the machine by lowering the die 6 and lifting the upper punch 10 and the floating core 8 (Fig. 1E) (Step E). In this step, mold releasability of the article is not deteriorated, since none of the mold parts except the support member 11 is fusion bonded to the binder. Thereafter, the binder is polymerized and cured to obtain the resin-bonded magnet article according to the present invention. The production of the resin-bonded magnet article according to the present invention will be illustrated by following Examples. Example 1 As the magnet element, used is the Fe-B-R type magnet element which was produced by the melt spin method and had an atomic composition of: Nd 0.13 (Fe 0.93 , B 0.07 ) 0.87 , a coercive force of 15 KOe and particle sizes in the range of 53 to 350 µm. As the binder, a mixture of DGEBA having a softening point of 64 to 70°C, 1,3-bis(hydrazinocarboethyl)-5-isopropylhydantoin having the particle sizes in the range of 5 to 20 µm as the carboxylic acid dihydrazide and calcium stearate was used. Firstly, a solution of DGEBA (34 g) in acetone (50 ml) was mixed with the magnet element (96 g). After evaporating off acetone, the residual solid was ground, sieved and blended to particle sizes in the range of 53 to 500 µ m. Then, the particles were dry blended with the hydrazide (5.8 g) and calcium stearate (0.2 g) to prepare a granular compound containing 96 % of the magnet element. The support member used in this Example was prepared by blanking an electromagnetic steel sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm to a ring-form plate having an outer diameter of 48 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm and laminating 22 sheets of such plate. From the above prepared granular compound and the support member, the resin-bonded magnet article was produced by the steps of A to E shown in Fig. 1. In the step A, a predetermined amount of the granular compound was filled in the feeder cup 5. In the step B, the support member preheated at 120°C was placed on the top of the lower floating core. In the step C, the upper floating core was lowered to from the cavity in combination with the support member and the mold parts. In the step D, the granular compound in the cavity was compressed with the upper and lower punches under pressure of 7 ton/cm² to form the green compact. In the step E, the green compact integrally bonded to the support member was removed. The removed green compact was heated at 120°C for 1 hour to cure the binder. As shown in a perspective view of Fig. 2, in the center bore of the resin-bonded magnet article 14 comprising the support member 14b and the resin-bonded magnet 14a which was directly bonded to the member 14b, a rotor shaft 15 was inserted to form a rotor member. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the preheating temperature of the support member and the integrally bonding strength between the resin-bonded magnet and the support member which were integrally bonded according to the present invention. The integrally bonding strength is expressed in terms of a shear force between the resin-bonded magnet and the support member in the axial direction. As understood from Fig. 3, when the preheating temperature is higher than the softening point of the binder which was 64 to 70°C in this Example, the resin-bonded magnet is firmly bonded to the support member. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the outer diameter and the weight of the resin-bonded magnet in the above rotor member. At the outer diameter of 50.20 mm, the outer diameters of 30 rotor members (n=30) had such excellent dimensional accuracy that the maximum diameter was +0.10 mm and the minimum diameter was -0.06 mm. The coefficient of correlation (γ) of -0.011 suggests that the pressure deviation during the formation of the green compact had less direct influence on spring back of the green compact so that the permanent magnet rotor with high dimensional accuracy could be produced. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the integrally bonding strength and the times of thermal shock applied to the resin-bonded magnet article. One thermal shock was applied by heating the article at 120°C and then dipped in a methanol bath kept at -30°C. The integrally bonding strength is expressed in terms of a shear force between the resin-bonded magnet and the support member in the axial direction. As understood from the graph, the composite article of the present invention has high reliability. For comparison, a mixture of 93.5 % of the rare earth element-cobalt magnet element having the composition of Sm(Co 0.668 , Cu 0.101 , Fe 0.214 , Zr 0.017 )₇ and a polyamide resin was injection molded, and a mixture of 97 % of said magnet element and a liquid epoxy resin was compression molded. But, in both case, no resin-bonded magnet article as in the present invention could be produced. Example 2 A mixture of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate in a weight ratio of 50:50 was in situ polymerized in the presence of a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin (70 g) which had been prepared by condensation of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A and had a viscosity [η] of 100 to 160 poises at 25°C to produce microcapsules. The microcapsules were of single nuclear spherical form and had an average particle size of 8 µm. The content of the epoxy resin was 75 % based on the total weight of the microcapsules. In a separate step, 96 parts of thin particles of Nd₁₄Fe₇₈B₈ which was prepared by the melt spin method and had an inherent coercive force of 14-15 KOe and particle sizes in the range of 53 to 350 µm was mixed with 3 parts of 50 % solution of the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin having softening temperature range of 65-75°C (Durran's mercury method) in acetone. After evaporating off acetone, the residual solid was ground, sieved and blended to obtain intermediate granules having particle sizes in the range of 53 to 500 µm. With the intermediate granules, 2 parts of the microcapsules, 0.45 part of 1,3-bis(hydrazinocarboethyl)-5-isopropylhydantoin and 0.20 part of calcium stearate were mixed to obtain the granular resin-bonded magnet (I) containing 95.9 % of the Fe-B-R type magnet element. Figs. 7A and 7B are photographs of the appearance of the granular resin-bonded magnet (I) with different magnifications. Apparent from these photographs, the microcapsules containing the liquid epoxy resin, the curing agent for the epoxy resin and calcium stearate are deposited in the fine particle form on the surfaces of the intermediate granules made of the Fe-B-R type magnet element and the solid epoxy resin having the Durran's softening temperature range of 65 to 75°C. Due to such structures, the granular resin-bonded magnet compound (I) is non-tacky at room temperature and has flowability suitable for compression molding. By using an annular shape support member consisting of 22 sheets of doughnut shaped electromagnetic steel sheet each having an outer diameter of 47.9 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm and the granular resin-bonded magnet (I), the green compact was bonded around the support member in the same manner as above. Then, the article was removed from the mold and heated at 120°C for 1 hour. The green compact was firmly integrally bonded to the support member. By inserting the rotor shaft in the bore of the support member, the rotor member as shown in Fig. 4 is obtained. In following Table 1, the outer diameters and deviation of the outer diameters of the 30 resin-bonded magnet articles produced by the above described method was measured. Although the layer of the resin-bonded magnet having a wall thickness of about 1 mm was directly bonded to the peripheral surface of the support member having the outer diameter of 47.9 mm, the articles have very good dimensional accuracy. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear strength between the support member and the resin-bonded magnet and the atmospheric temperature. As understood from this graph, the shear strength decreases at high temperatures due to the property of the binder resin. However, even at 100°C, the shear strength was still 300 kg, which means that the support member and the resin-bonded magnet were firmly integrally bonded. Fig. 8 is a photograph of the bonding surface of the resin-bonded magnet which was removed from the support member through shear fracture. This photograph shows that the microcapsules as the binder component were mechanically broken during the formation of the green compact from the granular resin-bonded magnet. The contents of the microcapsules, which was, in this Example, the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin having the viscosity of 100-160 poises at 25°C were discharged to wet the support member directly. Example 3 97 Parts of thin particles of Nd₁₄Fe₇₈B₈ which was prepared by the melt-spin method and had an inherent coercive force of 14-15 KOe and particle sizes in the range of 53 to 350 µm was mixed with 1.6 parts of 50 % solution of poly(p-vinylphenol) which is a kind of the alkenylphenyl polymer having a softening temperature range of 160-170°C in acetone. After grinding the mixture and evaporating off acetone, the residual solid was ground, sieved and blended to obtain intermediate granules having particle sizes in the range of 53 to 350 µm. With the intermediate granules, 2.2 parts of the microcapsules prepared in Example 5, 0.05 part of BF₃/2-methylimidazole complex and 0.05 part of calcium stearate were mixed to obtain the granular resin-bonded magnet (II) containing the Fe-B-R type magnet element. By using an annular shape support member consisting of 11 sheets of doughnut shaped electromagnetic steel sheet each having an outer diameter of 47.9 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm and the granular resin-bonded magnet (II), the green compact having the outer diameter of 50.2 mm was bonded around the support member in the same manner as above. Then, the article was removed from the mold and heated at 160°C for 1 hour. The green compact was firmly integrally bonded to the support member. By inserting the rotor shaft in the bore of the support member, the rotor member was produced. The rotor member was rotated at 8,000 rpm for 6 hours in an atmosphere kept at 100°C. The resin-bonded magnet was not mechanically broken or removed from the support member by the centrifugal force. Comparative Example 1 97 Parts of Sm(Co 0.668 , Cu 0.101 , Fe 0.214 , Zr 0.017 )₇ which was prepared by the melt-spin method and had an inherent coercive force of 9.5 KOe and particle sizes in the range of 32 to 106 µm was mixed with 3 parts of a mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin having a viscosity [η] of 100 to 160 poises at 25°C and 1-benzyl-2-methyl-imidazole in a weight ratio of 10:1 to prepare a compression molding grade R(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n type resin-bonded magnet raw material. In the same manner as in Example 2, around the annular shape support member consisting of 22 sheets of doughnut shaped electromagnetic steel sheet each having an outer diameter of 47.9 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm, the prepared raw material was molded in the cavity having the outer diameter of 50.2 mm. It was difficult not only to charge the raw material in the cavity but also to integrally remove the molded annular composite and the support member from the mold. The green compact was removed from the support member because of spring back of the former. Comparative Example 2 92 parts of Sm(Co 0.668 , Cu 0.101 , Fe 0.214 , Zr 0.017 )₇ particles which was prepared by the melt-spin method and had an inherent coercive force of 9.5 KOe was mixed with 8 parts of 12-polyamide of the formula: H-[NH-(CH₂)₁₁-CO] n -OH having a relative viscosity of 1.6 (c=0.5 %, m-cresol, 25°C) to prepare an injection molding grade R(Co, Cu, Fe, M) n type resin-bonded magnet raw material. In the same manner as in Example 3, around the annular shape support member consisting of 11 sheets of doughnut shaped electromagnetic steel sheet each having an outer diameter of 47.9 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm, the prepared raw material was molded in the cavity having the outer diameter of 50.2 mm. Not only it was difficult to charge the raw material in the cavity but also the resin-bonded magnet was cracked due to shrinkage caused by solidification of the melt resin. Comparative Example 3 Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a conventional rotor member comprising a support member 15 consisting of the laminated electromagnetic steel sheet each having a thickness of 0.5 mm, a sintered ferrite magnets 16 with 4.2 MGOe to which magnetic anisotropy is imparted in the wall thickness direction and a shaft 17 assembled in the support member. The ferrite magnets are bonded to the peripheral surface of the support member with an adhesive. The outer diameter of the rotor member is 50.2 mm, which is substantially the same as the diameter of the rotor member of Fig. 4 (Example 3). However, the thickness and the volume of the magnet of Fig. 9 are 1.5 times and 4 times those of Fig. 2, respectively. Table 2 shows performances of the rotor members of Figs. 2 and 9 when they are used in a brushless fan motor which is one of the typical permanent magnet motors. In Table 2, the torque and output were measured under the fan load of 1,420 rpm. In both motors, the maximum load current in the rated current of 7 to 35 V was less than 1 A. As is apparent from the results of Table 2, the resin-bonded magnet article according to the present invention can be used in the field in which the conventional annular magnetic is hardly applied.

Claims: A method for producing a resin-bonded magnet article, which comprises steps of providing a granular compound comprising an Fe-B-R type magnet wherein R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr and a curable binder resin in a cavity formed by a support member and a mold wherein the support is heated at a temperature higher than the softening point of the binder resin and the mold is heated at a temperature lower than said softening point, pressing the granular compound in the cavity to form a green compact which is integrated with the support member and curing the binder resin to produce the resin-bonded magnet article. The method according to claim 1, wherein the support member consists of a laminated annular electromagnetic steel sheet, and the green compact is integrally molded around the spherical surface of the support member.

Inventors: DOHI HIROSHI C O KOHPORASU KUN, MIYAGAWA MASAHARU, WADA MASAMI, YAMASHITA FUMITOSHI, DOHI, HIROSHI, C/O KOHPORASU KUNITAKA, MIYAGAWA, MASAHARU, WADA, MASAMI, YAMASHITA, FUMITOSHI
Applicants: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD, MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: H01F41
IPC codes: C22C32, H02K15, H01F41, H01F1, B22F1, B22F3