Radio transceiver

Abstract: A radio transceiver includes a control section for setting a transmitting output level higher or lower than a prescribed output level within a tolerance range, in response to a signal from a level conversion circuit. The level conversion circuit may designate a lower transmitting output level to reduce power consumption, and may designate a higher transmitting output level in the presence of high noise levels.

Description: The invention relates to a radio transceiver which sends a signal according to one of a plurality of standard levels, each standard level having a permission range, the transceiver comprising: an amplifier for amplifying a transmission signal; transmission level detecting means for detecting the output level of said amplifier; receiver means for receiving a radio signal and outputting transmission level information contained in the radio signal, the transmission level information designating one of the plurality of standard levels; control means for outputting a transmission level selecting signal which indicates a transmission level included in the permission range of the standard level corresponding to the transmission level information from said receiver means; transmission power control means responsive to the output signal of said transmission level detecting means and the transmission level selecting signal from said control means, for setting the gain of said amplifier so that a reference voltage corresponding to said transmission level selecting signal is equal to the output signal of said transmission level detecting means; and switch means for outputting an indication signal indicating that the output level of said amplifier is to be set to a level within the permission range of the standard level corresponding to the transmission level information outputted from said receiver means. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a transmission output control section for an automobile telephone set of a conventional type. In the figure, 10 is a transmission signal input terminal at which a transmission signal is to be received; 11 is an amplifier for amplifying the transmission signal; 12 is a detector (transmission power detecting means) which detects the level of an output signal of the amplifier 11; 13 is an automatic power control comparator (hereinafter referred to as APC comparator) which constitutes a transmission power control means in which a DC voltage output by the detector 12 and an output of a voltage generator 14, to be explained later, are compared; the voltage generator 14 (transmission power control means) outputs a reference voltage based on a selection signal 152; 15 is a control section which develops selection signal 152 converted from the level information to the voltage generator 14; 16 is a receiving section which demodulates an input signal; 17 is an antenna multicoupler which supplies an amplified transmission signal from the detector 12 to an antenna input-output terminal 22 and also supplies a received signal from the antenna input-output terminal 22 to the receiving section 16. The operation is explained in the following. An input signal sent out from a base station or the like (hereinafter referred to as simply a base station) is inputted to the input-output terminal 22 and through the antenna multicoupler 17 to the receiving section 16. The input to the input-output terminal 22 may be from a separate antenna 22a. The receiving section 16 demodulates the input signal and outputs transmission output level information (hereinafter referred to as level information) to the control section 15. The level information which is contained in a demodulated signal specifies the output level of the transmission signal (transmission output level). The control section 15 develops a selection signal 152 from the level information and outputs signal 152 to the voltage generator 14. The selection signal 152 differs from the level information only in the data format, otherwise containing substantially the same information. The transmission signal is inputted to the transmission signal input terminal 10, amplified by the amplifier 11 and supplied to the antenna 22a through the detector 12, the antenna multicoupler 17 and the antenna input-output terminal 22. The detector 12 detects an amplified transmission signal level and generates a DC voltage corresponding to the transmission output level. The signal passes through filter capacitor 12a and charges capacitor 12d according to the RC time constant determined by resistor 12c. A diode 12b is provided to prevent negative components of the AC signal from amplifier 11 from affecting the charging of the capacitor 12d. The voltage generator 14 generates a specified voltage corresponding to the output level specified by the base station as represented by selection signal 152. The APC comparator 13 compares the DC voltage and the specified voltage and adjusts the amplification factor (gain) of the amplifier 11 so that both voltages are in balance. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing detailed configurations of the detector 12, the APC comparator 13, the voltage generator 14 and the control section 15. The component parts in the figure are explained as follows. 131 is an operational amplifier for changing the amplification factor of the amplifier 12; 132 is a feedback resistor; 133 and 134 are transistors for amplifying the output of the operational amplifier 131; 141 is a selector for selecting one of the resistors 143x to 143z; 151 is a selection signal setter which receives the level information from the receiving section 16 and converts it to a selection signal for selecting a corresponding resistor among the resistors 143x to 143z; 144 is a resistor which is used together with resistors 143x to 143z, for setting a reference voltage 145 which is connected to a non-inversion input terminal of the operational amplifier 131. Next the operation will be explained. The values of the resistors 143x to 143z, resistor 144 and a feedback resistor 132 are so selected that the amplification factor of the amplifier 11 can be set to correspond to each of the plural levels dictated by the level information. In this state, the selection signal setter 151 outputs a selection signal 152 for selecting one of the resistors 132x to 143z which develops a reference voltage proportional to the amplification factor corresponding to the level information received from the receiving section 16. The selector 141 selects one of the resistors 143x to 143z based on the selection signal 152. If the resistor 143x, for example, is selected, a generated voltage divided by the ratio between the resistor 144 and the resistor 143x becomes the output reference voltage of the voltage generator 14. The operational amplifier 131 produces an output signal which, through feedback connection of resistor 132, changes the amplification factor of amplifier 11 until the input voltage at the inversion input terminal, that is, the voltage output by detector 12, is equal to the reference voltage, and the amplification factor of the amplifier 11 is determined based on the output signal of operational amplifier 131. When level information designating a different transmission output level is input, a selection signal 152 for selecting another resistor 143y or 143z is output to the selection signal setter 151. In this way, an amplification factor corresponding to one of these plural levels of the level information is selected, and a transmission output level is determined by controlling the gain of amplifier 11 as designated by the level information. The number of levels of the level information is assumed to be three to simplify the explanation; that is, the number of steps of the output voltage of the voltage generator 14 is assumed to be three but actually the proper number of steps corresponding to the system requirements will be used. Fig. 3 shows an example of discharge characteristics of a battery which can be used for this transceiver. In the figure, "C" means the battery capacity in ampere-hours and a discharge rate of 1C represents a discharge current flow that will discharge the battery in one hour. When the current consumption is 2C, the usable time duration of the battery becomes about half in comparison with the case where the current consumption is 1C. The conventional types of transceivers are constituted as mentioned above; therefore, even if each level has an allowable tolerance range for the reference value, the transmission output at each level is a fixed level corresponding to the level information, and an increase or decrease in the transmission output level is not possible, so that lowering the power consumption or raising the transmission output level in the range of tolerance when the noise level is high is not possible. These have been problems in the conventional prior art equipment. Similar prior art is described in Japanese laid-open Patent Application No. 97020/88. To summarize the prior art, in communication systems including a plurality of transceivers working together with a base station, it is known to automatically control the power output of the transceivers by a radio signal received from the base station. If the received radio signal indicates that the output power of the transceiver has to be increased, the output power will be set to a higher standard power. If the radio signal indicates that the output power of the transceiver should be lower, then this is set to a lower value. These standard output power levels have a permitted tolerance range, also called "permission range". GB-A-21 99 467, on which the preamble of present claim 1 is based, also refers to such a known transceiver system. In addition, the output power of the transceiver is reduced when a thermosensor senses that the temperature within the transceiver is too high, in order to avoid breakdown of the transceiver. Moreover, US-A-4,523,155 discloses a temperature compensated automatic output control for RF power amplifiers. The RF power amplifier provides one of eight power levels within narrow limits, and an improved temperature compensated, automatic output control uses level setting resistors and is provided to achieve this narrow tolerance range. It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved radio transceiver in which the power consumption of the transmitting section can be decreased and also the transmission output level can be raised within the range of tolerance. In accordance with the present invention, a radio transceiver as defined in the preamble of claim 1 is characterized by the features as defined in the characterizing clause of claim 1. Preferable embodiments are defined in the dependent claims. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the transmission output control section of a radio transceiver of a conventional type; Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram showing the detailed configuration of each block shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a characteristic chart showing the discharge characteristics of a battery; Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the transmission control section of the radio transceiver according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5A is a circuit diagram showing the detailed configurations of the voltage generator and the control section shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 5B is a table showing ROM data applicable to Fig. 5A; Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the detailed configurations of the voltage generator and the control section of the radio transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the operation of the control section shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the transmission output control section of the radio transceiver according to a third embodiment; Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram showing detailed configurations of the voltage generator and the control section shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing the transmission output control section of the radio transceiver according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in which a display and/or buzzer 21 is added to the embodiment of Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the transmitting output control section of the radio transceiver according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram showing detailed configurations of the voltage generator and the control section shown in Fig. 11; Fig. 13A is a graphical chart showing the relation between receiving point field intensity levels and transmission output levels; and Fig. 13B is a flow chart showing the operation of the control section shown in Fig. 12. Embodiments of the present invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 4, 15a is a control section which outputs a transmission output selection signal; 18a is a selection switch for lowering power consumption (hereinafter referred to as a first switch) which gives a designation to the control section 15a to lower the transmission output level; 18b is a switch for increasing transmission output (hereinafter referred to as a second switch) which gives a designation to raise the transmission output level. The first switch 18a and the second switch 18b are components of a level conversion designating means. The other component parts are denoted with the same numbers shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5A is a circuit diagram showing detailed configurations of the voltage generator 14 and the control section 15a. In the figure, 141a is a selector for selecting one of the resistors 143a to 143i; 153 is a ROM whose address inputs are signals input from the first switch 18a and the second switch 18b, and a selection signal 152 output from a selection signal setter 151; 152a is the output signal of the ROM 153. The output signal 152a of the ROM 153 is a transmission output selection signal supplied to the voltage generator 14. Stored in the ROM 153 are data for selecting one of the resistors 143a to 143i for each address designated by the selection signal 152 output from the first switch 18a, the second switch 18b and the selection signal setter 151. For example, the data as shown in Fig. 5B are stored in ROM 153. Each of the resistors 143a to 143i has a resistance value which can set the amplification factor of the amplifier 11 to a reference value in each level or to a set value in the permissible tolerance range of the selected level. The operation is explained as follows. In the condition where the first switch 18a and the second switch 18b are set to OFF, the control section 15a performs similar operation to that of a conventional device. In other words, the ROM 153 receives a two bit address selection signal 152 corresponding to one of three levels of level information output from the selection signal setter 151 and outputs one of data "0000" to "0010" as shown in Fig. 5B. According to the data, the selector 141a selects one of the resistors 143a to 143c. This means that the resistors 143a to 143c correspond, respectively, to the resistors 143x to 143z shown in Fig. 2. The voltage generator 14 outputs a voltage from the voltage divider formed by the resistor 144 and one of the resistors 143a to 143c as an output voltage 145. When the first switch 18a is set to the ON state, the two bit address selection signal 152 is modified by a third bit set to "1" and one of the data values "0011" to "0101" is outputted from the ROM 153; and the selector 141a selects one of the resistors 143d to 143f. Each of the resistors 143d to 143f has a selected resistance value such that the corresponding output level of the amplifier 11 is lower than the reference value but within the permitted tolerance range of the respective transmitting output levels. The voltage generator 14 outputs a voltage obtained by dividing the generated voltage with the resistor 144 and one of the resistors 143d to 143f as its output voltage 145. In a manner similar to the above, when the second switch 18b is set to the ON state, the selection signal 152 is modified by a fourth bit set to "1" as shown in Fig. 5B and the selector 141a selects one of the resistors 143g to 143i. With the values of resistances 143a to 143c set to those corresponding to the rated values in each level, the values of resistances 143d to 143f are set in steps corresponding to lower values than the rated values within the permitted tolerance range. Since the values of resistances 143g to 143i are set to higher values than the rated values in each level in the tolerance range, if the first switch 18a is turned ON, the transmission output level is lowered in steps in the tolerance range, and if the second switch 18b is turned ON, the transmission level is raised in steps in the tolerance range. The number of rated levels is assumed to be 3 in this case, but the number can be varied according to the system in which the present invention is to be applied. A system with a configuration in which only the first switch 18a is provided is also effective. In this case, a transmission output level cannot be raised in the range of tolerance but there is an effect of decreasing power consumption. Fig. 6 shows in detail the voltage generator 14 and the controller 15b of the radio transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the operation of the control section 15b. In Fig. 6, 155 is a microprocessor in which an input-output port, a ROM storing a program and a RAM storing data are installed. The microprocessor 155 receives level information from the receiving section 16 and stores it in the RAM (step ST1), and examines the input port. When it is detected that the first switch 18a is ON and the second switch is OFF (step ST2, ST3), the microprocessor outputs one of "0011" to "0101" as shown in Fig. 5B corresponding to the level information (step ST4) from the output port. The selector 141a responds to the transmission output selection signal 152a by selecting the corresponding one of the resistors 143d to 143f. In the case where the first switch 18a is turned OFF and the second switch 18b is turned ON (step ST2, ST5), one of "0110" to "1000" as shown in Fig. 5B is output according to the level information (step ST6). When both switches are turned OFF or ON, one of "0000" to "0010" is output according to the level information (step ST7). In this embodiment, the condition in which both switches are turned ON is regarded as cancelling out the switching functions. The same effect can be obtained in the embodiment of Fig. 5A by making the data in addresses "1101" to "1111" of ROM 153 to be the same as the data in addresses "0001" to "0011". Fig. 8 shows the transmission output control section of the radio transceiver according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 19 is a battery and 20 is a voltage comparator which detects the output voltage of the battery 19. In this case, as shown in Fig. 9, the output signal of the voltage comparator 20 and the output signal of the first switch 18a are gated in an OR circuit 154 in the control section 15c. The arrangement is such that when the output voltage of the battery 19 becomes lower than a specified value, the output signal of the voltage comparator is set to ON, thereby providing an ON signal to one input of the OR gate 154 and setting the system to operate in the same manner as when first switch 18a is ON. In the arrangement as described above, when the output voltage of the battery 19 becomes low, the transmission output level is automatically adjusted to be lower than the reference value in the tolerance range. As a result, the usable time of the battery 19 can be extended. The control section 15c can also be formed with a microprocessor as in the case of the second embodiment. Fig. 10 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention in which a display section and/or a buzzer 21 is added to the configuration shown in Fig. 8. In this case, when the output signal of the voltage comparator 20 is ON, the control section 15d can display the low output voltage of the battery 19 in the display section 21, and/or it can activate the buzzer to signal that the output voltage is low. The display and/or buzzer 21 can also notify the user when the switches 18a and 18b are turned ON or OFF. If the first switch 18a is eliminated from the configuration shown in Fig. 10 as a modified embodiment, when the output signal of the voltage comparator 20 is ON, the control section 15d outputs a transmission output selection signal 152a to the voltage generator 14 which makes the transmission output level lower than the reference value and also the lowering of the output voltage is notified by the display section or buzzer 21. Fig. 11 is a block diagram similar to Fig.1, and showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment takes advantage of the fact that a lower transmission level can be used when the receiving station is relatively close in range. This can be determined by detecting the field intensity level of a signal transmitted from the receiving station. The output signal of a detecting circuit of a received signal field intensity level provided in the receiving section 16 is introduced to a control section 15e, and as shown in Fig. 12, all the data signals of a ROM 153 are output from the control section 15e. As shown in Fig. 13A, when the received signal field intensity level is higher than the reference value, a transmission output selection signal 152a which makes the transmission output level lower than the rated level within the tolerance range is output automatically to the voltage generator 14. Fig. 13B is a flow chart showing the operation of the control section 15e when the resistor 143a is selected as a resistor corresponding to a reference value. At first, a transmission output selection signal 152a is output for selecting a resistor 143a so that the transmission output level becomes equal to a rated level. In other words, an address signal "0001" is output to make the output signal of the ROM 153 be "0000" (step ST11). If a received signal field intensity level is higher than a reference value plus tolerance at the time (step ST12), an address signal "0101" is output to the ROM 153 (step ST13). Then the ROM 153 outputs the data "0011" and the selector 141a selects the resistor 143d. As a result of the above, the transmission output level is lowered in the tolerance range. In this embodiment, as the level conversion designating means, a detecting circuit for detecting received signal field intensity level provided in the receiving section 16 and a comparator for comparing a reference value with a detected value in the control section 15e are utilized. The control section 15e can be implemented by a microprocessor as in the case of the second embodiment. As described in the above, a transmission output level of a radio transceiver according to the present invention can be made higher or lower than each of the reference levels within the tolerance range in each level by the level conversion designating means; thereby the power consumption of a transceiver can be lowered and the transmission output level can be raised when noise level is high.

Claims: A radio transceiver which sends a signal according to one of a plurality of standard levels, each standard level having a permission range, the transceiver comprising: an amplifier (11) for amplifying a transmission signal; transmission level detecting means (12) for detecting the output level of said amplifier (11); receiver means (16) for receiving a radio signal and outputting transmission level information contained in the radio signal, the transmission level information designating one of the plurality of standard levels; control means (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e) for outputting a transmission level selecting signal (152, 152a) which indicates a transmission level included in the permission range of the standard level corresponding to the transmission level information from said receiver means (16); transmission power control means (13, 14) responsive to the output signal of said transmission level detecting means (12) and the transmission level selecting signal (152, 152a) from said control means (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e), for setting the gain of said amplifier (11) so that a reference voltage corresponding to said transmission level selecting signal (152) is equal to the output signal of said transmission level detecting means (12); and switch means (18a, 18b) for outputting an indication signal indicating that the output level of said amplifier (11) is to be set to a level within the permission range of the standard level corresponding to the transmission level information outputted from said receiver means (16); characterized in that said transmission power control means (13, 14) comprises a voltage generator (14) including a plurality of standard level setting resistors (143a-143c) each having a resistance value which can set the amplification factor of the amplifier (11) to a reference value in each level, a plurality of higher level setting resistors (143g-143i) each having a resistance value corresponding to a higher value than the standard value in each level in the permission range, a plurality of lower level setting resistors (143d-143f) each having a resistance value corresponding to a lower value than the standard level in each level in the permission range, and a selector (141a) for selecting one of said level setting resistors (143a-143i) so as to output a voltage (145) according to the transmission level selecting signal (152) from said control means (15a) as the reference voltage. A radio transceiver according to claim 1, wherein said transmission power control means (13, 14) includes a comparator (13) for automatic gain control which adjusts the amplification factor of said amplifier (11) so that the voltage from said detecting means (12) and the reference voltage are equal. A radio transceiver according to claim 2, wherein the comparator (13) for automatic gain control comprises an operational amplifier having a non-inversion input terminal for receiving said reference voltage and an inversion input terminal for receiving the output voltage of said detector (12). A radio transceiver according to claim 1, wherein said switch means (18a, 18b) includes a first switch (18a) which outputs a signal designating a reduction of the output level of said amplifier (11) designated by said transmission level information. A radio transceiver according to claim 4, wherein said switch means (18a, 18b) comprises a second switch (18b) which outputs a signal designating an increase of the output level of said amplifier (11) designated by said transmission level information. A radio transceiver according to claim 4, wherein said control means (15a) comprises a ROM (153) which receives said transmission level selecting signal (152) and the signal (A2) from said first switch (18a) as address inputs, and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) stored at the address indicated by said address inputs. A radio transceiver according to claim 5, wherein said control means (15a) comprises a ROM (153) which receives said transmission level selecting signal (152), the signal (A2) from said first switch (18a) and the signal (A3) from said second switch (18b) as address inputs and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) stored at the address indicated by said address inputs. A radio transceiver according to claim 4, wherein said control means (15b) comprises a programmable microprocessor (155) which receives as inputs said transmission level information and the signal (I0) from said first switch (18a), and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) corresponding to said inputs. A radio transceiver according to claim 5, wherein said control means (15b) comprises a programmable microprocessor (155) which receives as inputs said transmission output level information, the signal (I0) from said first switch (18a) and the signal (I1) from said second switch (18b), and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) in response to said inputs. A radio transceiver according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a voltage comparator (20) which detects the output voltage of a battery (19) and outputs a signal when the output voltage is lower than a predetermined level, and an OR circuit (154) which performs a logical OR operation on said output signal from said first switch (18a) and said output signal from said voltage comparator (20). A radio transceiver according to claim 10, further comprising an alarm means (21) including at least one of a display section and a buzzer, wherein said control means (15d) detects the output signal of said voltage comparator (20) and activates said display section or said buzzer in response thereto. A radio transceiver according to claim 1, comprising a field intensity detecting circuit for detecting the field intensity of a received signal; and means (151) provided in said control means (15e) for outputting a signal (152) designating a reduction of the transmission output level when the received signal field intensity level detected by the field intensity detecting circuit is higher than a predetermined reference level. A radio transceiver according to claim 12, wherein said control means (15e) comprises a ROM (153) which receives said reduction designating signal and said transmission output level information as address inputs, and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) stored at the address indicated by said address inputs. A radio transceiver according to claim 12, wherein said control means comprises a programmable microprocessor (155) which receives as inputs said reduction designating signal and said transmission output level information, and outputs a transmission output selection signal (152a) in response to said inputs.

Inventors: FURUNO KENICHI, FURUNO, KENICHI, FURUNO, KENICHI C/O MITSUBISHI DENKI K.K. COMMUN.
Applicants: MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP, MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1989
Main classification: H04B7
IPC codes: H04B1, H04B7