Machine for winding two pole stators

Abstract: A machine for winding two-pole stators includes a revolving table around which are located at least three working stations: a station to feed the machine with unwound stators from a conveyor placed alongside the machine and for returning the wound stators to the conveyor; a winding station where one or more winding needles with alternating translatory and angular motion wind the stator; and a terminating station with means to anchor the coil leads to the stator. The revolving table carries a plurality of circumferentially spaced stator housings, each stator housing having stator-containing means. The stator housings and table are equipped with mechanical, reciprocally meshing means, those on the table being located between the winding station and the load/unload station for rotating the stator housings about the horizontal axis tangentially to the table between a position in which the axis of the stator-containing means is vertical and a position in which that axis is horizontal. The stator housings further include a spring to keep the axis of the associated stator-containing means horizontal during movement of the housings from the load/unload station through the winding station to the terminating station.

Description: Background of the Invention This invention relates to machines for winding two-pole stators for electric motors. In particular, the invention relates to machines for winding two-pole stators which do not employ wire-guiding winding forms, thereby permitting change-over from one stator type to another with a minimum of work. These machines are disclosed, for example, in documents EP-B-0 200 236, EP-B-0 208 811 in the name of the same Applicant. It is an object of this invention to provide a machine fed from a conveyor system for completely automated winding of stators within a very short cycle time. It is another object of this invention to provide a very reliable and flexible machine, i.e., a machine able to wind stators of various stack diameters and stack heights. These and other objects of the invention are accomplished by providing a machine for winding two-pole stators, said stators being conveyed to said machine and, after winding, being conveyed away from said machine by a conveyor on which the longitudinal axes of said stators are substantially vertical said machine comprising: a table mounted for rotation about a first substantially vertical axis, means for selectively rotating said table about said first axis, first, second and third means spaced from one another around said table, said first means including means for transferring an unwound stator from said conveyor to said machine and for transferring a wound stator from said machine to said conveyor, said second means including means for winding said stator, and said third means including means for anchoring the ends of the windings applied by said second means to said stator; the machine being characterized in that it further comprises: a plurality of stator housings spaced around the periphery of said table and rotatably mounted with respect to said table, each stator housing having a longitudinal axis and being adapted to receive and hold a stator with the longitudinal axis of said stator substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said stator housing, the axis of rotation of each stator housing being substantially perpendicular to said first axis and to the longitudinal axis of that stator housing; and means for rotating each of said stator housings about its axis of rotation so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially vertical when that stator housing is adjacent at least one of said means spaced around the table and so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially horizontal when that stator housing is adjacent at least another one of said means. Further features of the invention, its nature and various advantages will be more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Brief description of the drawings FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a first embodiment of the invention in which the machine includes only one terminating station. FIG. 2 is a top view of the machine of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a top view, partly in section, of a stator housing fitted to the machine of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 is rotated 180 degrees relative to FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a front view of the revolving table of the machine of FIGS. 1 and 2, including the stator housings shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is taken in the opposite direction from FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a partly sectional front view of the table of FIG. 4. FIGS. 6 and 7 are plan view layouts of two different embodiments of the machine. FIGS. 6a and 7a are surface developments of two details of FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively. FIG. 8 is an alternative embodiment of the table shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a pallet and a stator housing at the load/unload station. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a partially disassembled stator housing. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a transport system 10 located at one side of the machine carries stators 11 on pallets 12. Next to conveyor 10 is a first working station indicated at A in FIG. 2. Station A is a load/unload station including a column 13 rotatable about a vertical axis by means of pneumatic cylinder 14 and gear 15. Column 13 carries arm 16 having a vertically slidable gripper 17. Gripper 17 is moved downward by means of pneumatic cylinder 19 with its shaft 20. After gripping stator 11, gripper 17 moves up. Column 13 then rotates 180° to bring gripper 17 and stator 11 into the position shown by arrow F in FIG. 1. A stator housing 21 under gripper 17 (better seen in FIGS. 3 and 4) has an outer body 22. Fixed to one side of outer body 22 by screw 26′ is a half-chuck 23 having inner sidewalls 24 defining an arc of a circle for engaging stator 11. On the opposite side, half-chuck 25 is fixed by screw 26 to transverse rod 27. Around screw 26, springs 28 are compressed between outer body 22 and half-chuck 25. By unscrewing screws 26 and 26′, half-chucks 23 and 25 can be quickly removed and replaced with others having different inner sidewalls 24 for stators with different stack diameters. Rod 27 ends in rollers 29 slidable along surfaces 30 (FIG. 5) formed as circular arcs. The axis of arcs 30 is parallel to but not coincident with the pivotal axis X by which housing 21 is pivotally mounted to support 31. As shown in FIG. 10, each stator housing 21 can be rapidly removed and replaced by unscrewing just two screws 18 and pulling the housing up and out. This operation may be necessary when the stators to be wound require different lead holding claws 9. In such cases, removal and replacement of both half-chucks and of claws 9 would take more time than replacing the whole stator housing 21 by unscrewing two screws 18. Supports 31 are connected to rotatable table 32 carrying four stator housings 21 identical to the one previously described. Housings 21 are located 90° apart on table 32, and the table is fitted to a thrust bearing and indexed through 90° at each step, driven by conventional motor means (not illustrated). The stationary base 33 (FIG. 4) of table 32 carries a vertical circular curved plate 34 for a portion of its circumference between load/unload station A and the last working station (FIG. 2). Plate 34 has a curvilinear upper surface 35 with its section increasing toward the load/unload station. Surface 35 is the running surface of roller 36 fixed to bar 37, which in turn is vertically slidable and pushed downwards by spring 38. Bar 37 carries rack 39 which engages gear wheel 40 integral with the pivot pin of the axis X about which stator housing 21 is pivotable. In this way, when roller 36 runs along surface 35, the associated stator housing 21 rotates from the position shown in the center and on the right side of FIG. 4 (in which the stator is held with its axis horizontal) to the position shown on the left side of FIG. 4 (in which the stator is carried with its axis vertical) to facilitate loading and unloading of stators 11 in housings 21 by gripper 17. FIG. 9 shows that, with stator housing 21 turned with its axis vertical and with the gripper arms vertical, gripper 17 is able to transfer stators with different stack heights between pallet 12 and stator housing 21 without the need to adjust either the gripper or the housing. Another advantage is that stator 11 reaches its proper position on pallet 12 and inside stator housing 21 by gravity, without the need to adjust any of the apparatus, thereby reducing production costs. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the supports 31 of each stator housing 21 are fixed to sliders 41 which move on radial rods 43. Springs 42 maintain supports 31 toward the central vertical rotation axis of table 32. Cylinder 44, having the same axis as the rotation axis of table 32, carries a rod 45 on the end of which is fixed an appendage that has an inclined sidewall 46 (FIG. 5) projecting at the side opposite to the load/unload station. After each 90° indexing of table 32, cylinder 44 retracts rod 45 so that inclined surface 46 goes from the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 5 to the position shown in full lines, thereby pushing the slider 41 associated with the stator housing 21 adjacent winding station B away from the center of table 32 as roller 47 slides along inclined surface 46. In this way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stator housing adjacent winding station B is pushed toward winding station B where one or more winding needles 48 wind stator 11 inside stator housing 21. The kinematic system 49 (FIG. 2) moving needles 48 will not be explained in detail here, nor will the cutting means 50 (FIG. 1) which cut off the leads after winding, because the details of these elements do not concern the present invention. Terminating station C (FIG. 2), where the coil leads are anchored to the stator, is situated between winding station B and load/unload station A, with the revolving table 32 indexing clockwise. Terminating station C has a terminating group moving along three axes, controlled by a step motor or a D.C. motor with encoder. The group has wire gripping means for catching the coil lead and putting it into the stator terminal. The gripping means are combined with crimping means for completing termination of the stator. Again, this station will not be described in detail because it does not concern the present invention. As explained above, the machine includes a first station A for loading and unloading, with gripper 17 on column 13 which transfers stator 11 between the conveyor system and the stator housing with its half-chucks 23 and 25, said housing in said station having its axis vertical. The stator inside stator housing 21 arrives at a second station D, which in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is a waiting or intermediate station, after a 90° rotation about its axis X, so that stator 11 (held by half-chucks 23 and 25) arrives with its axis horizontal. The half-chucks firmly grip stator 11, because from the moment when the stator housing starts to rotate about axis X, rollers 29 running on curved surface 30 release the force opposing the operation of springs 28 so that these springs can push half-chuck 25 toward half-chuck 23, thereby locking the stator inside the housing. The above-described rotation of housing 21 starts as soon as table 32 revolves clockwise and roller 36 leaves cam surface 35. Spring 38 then pushes sliding bar 37 downward, so that rack 39 rotates gear wheel 40 which is also the pivoting point of housing 21. After another 90° indexing of revolving table 32, the stator housing 21 with the stator to be wound arrives at winding station B. Cylinder 44 then retracts its rod so that inclined sidewall 46 pushes slider 41 (together with housing 21) outward, thereby bringing the stator near the winding needles which now start winding the stator. After the coils have been wound, revolving table 32 again indexes through 90°, bringing the stator inside the housing to terminating station C where the coil leads are anchored to the stator terminals. A further 90° indexing of revolving table 32 brings the stator back to load/unload station A. Gripper 17 is pivoted over the stator, descends, grips the stator, and unloads it onto conveyer 10. During this last indexing of the table, roller 36, running along surface 35, had moved sliding bar 37 upwards. Rack 39 rotates gear wheel 40 so that housing 21 arrives at the load/unload station with the stator axis vertical. At the same time, rollers 29, running along surfaces 30, cause half-chuck 25 to be moved outward, unlocking stator 11. An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 6 in which load/unload station A and winding station B are adjacent to one another, followed by two terminating stations C and D. This arrangement can be especially advantageous for stators with intermediate taps which require two successive terminating operations on the same stator. FIGS. 6 and 6a concern a first embodiment as described above in which the stator leaves winding station B with the coil leads held by claws 9 (FIG. 10) on stator housing 21. After a 90° indexing of revolving table 32, the wound stator arrives at the first terminating station C where the coil leads coming from stator face a are taken out of the claws and terminated on the stator. Then the revolving table 32 indexes again through 90° and brings the stator from terminating station C to the second terminating station D. Roller 36 runs over a first section 35 (FIG. 6a) of cam 34 similar to the one shown in FIG. 4. However, in this embodiment, gear wheel 40′ (FIG. 8), acting as the pivoting point of housing 21, instead of directly engaging rack 39 does so by way of gear wheels 50 and 51. As a result of this gear transmission, the housing 21 rotates through 180° on its way from the first to the second terminating stations, where the leads on stator face b are terminated. After operation of second terminating station D, revolving table 32 indexes again through 90° to bring the stator from the second terminating station to load/unload station A. During this last indexing, roller 36 runs over the second section 35′ of cam 34 (FIG. 6a). Gear wheels 40′, 50, and 51 rotate the stator housing through 90°, so that the stator arrives at the load/unload station with its axis vertical. Another embodiment with two terminating stations is shown in FIG. 7. After terminating coil leads on stator face a at terminating station C, revolving table 32 indexes through 90° and brings the stator housing to terminating station D. In this embodiment the stator housing 21 is the same as shown in FIG. 4, with rack 39 engaging only one gear wheel 40. As shown in FIG. 7a cam 34 permits only a 90° rotation of the stator housing, presenting stator face b , with the stator axis vertical at terminating station D, and maintaining that orientation of the stator housing through load/unload station A. The terminating group of station D is accordingly located above the stator housing and carries out the same operations for anchoring the leads to stator face b as at station C. After termination at station D, the revolving table indexes again through 90° and brings the stator to load/unload station A with the stator axis still vertical. The advantage of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 as compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that it reduces machine dimensions at station D.

Claims: A machine for winding two-pole stators (11), said stators being conveyed to said machine and, after winding, being conveyed away from said machine by a conveyor (10) on which the longitudinal axes of said stators are substantially vertical said machine comprising: a table (32) mounted for rotation about a first substantially vertical axis, means for selectively rotating said table (32) about said first axis, first (A), second (B) and third (C,D) means spaced from one another around said table, said first means (A) including means (13) for transferring an unwound stator (11) from said conveyor (10) to said machine and for transferring a wound stator from said machine to said conveyor, said second means (B) including means (48) for winding said stator, and said third means (C,D) including means for anchoring the ends of the windings applied by said second means (B) to said stator (11); the machine being characterized in that it further comprises: a plurality of stator housings (21) spaced around the periphery of said table (32) and rotatably mounted with respect to said table, each stator housing (21) having a longitudinal axis and being adapted to receive and hold a stator (11) with the longitudinal axis of said stator substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said stator housing (21), the axis of rotation of each stator housing being substantially perpendicular to said first axis and to the longitudinal axis of that stator housing (21); and means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) about its axis of rotation so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially vertical when that stator housing is adjacent at least one of said means (A,B,C,D) spaced around the table (32) and so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially horizontal when that stator housing is adjacent at least another one of said means (A,B,C,D). The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) is responsive to rotation of said table (32) about said first axis. The apparatus defined in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) rotates each of said stator housings so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing (21) is substantially horizontal when that stator housing is adjacent at least said second means (B) for winding said stator. The apparatus defined in claim 1, wherein said third means (C,D) includes fourth means (C) for anchoring a first plurality of winding ends to said stator (11) adjacent a first longitudinal end of said stator, and fifth means (D) for anchoring a second plurality of winding ends to said stator (11) adjacent an opposite second longitudinal end of said stator, said first (A), second (B), fourth (C) and fifth (D) means being spaced from one another around said table. The apparatus defined in claim 4 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings rotates each of said stator housings approximately 180 degrees about its rotational axis as said stator housing moves from said fourth means (C) to said fifth means (D). The apparatus defined in claim 5 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) rotates each of said stator housings so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially horizontal when that stator housing is adjacent both of said fourth (C) and fifth (D) means. The apparatus defined in claim 4 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) rotates each of said stator housings approximately 90 degrees about its rotational axis as said stator housing moves from said fourth means (C) to said fifth means (D). The apparatus defined in claim 7 wherein said means (35,36) for rotating each of said stator housings (21) rotates each of said stator housings so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially horizontal when that stator housing is adjacent said fourth means (C), and so that the longitudinal axis of each stator housing is substantially vertical when the stator housing is adjacent said fifth means (D). The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the rotational axis of each stator housing (21) is substantially perpendicular to a radial axis extending from that stator housing to said first axis. The apparatus defined in claim 1 further comprising: means (31,41) for mounting each of said stator housings (21) on said table (32) so that each stator housing is movable along a radial axis extending from that stator housing to said first axis. The apparatus defined in claims 1 and 10 further comprising: means (44,45,46) for moving each of said stator housings (21) along the associated radial axis so that each stator housing is at a first location along the associated radial axis when that stator housing is adjacent said first means (A), and so that each stator housing is at a second location along the associated radial axis when the stator housing is adjacent at least one of said second (B) and third (C,D) means. The apparatus defined in claim 11 wherein said first location is closer to said first axis than said second location. The apparatus defined in claim 12 wherein said means (44,45,46) for moving each of said stator housings (21) moves each stator housing to said second location when the stator housing is adjacent said second means (B). The apparatus defined in claim 1 further comprising: stator clamping means (23,25) associated with each of said stator housings (21) for selectively clamping a stator in the associated stator housing. The apparatus defined in claim 14 further comprising: clamp control means (28,29,30) associated with each of said stator housings for causing the associated stator clamping means (23,25) to clamp a stator in the associated housing whenever the longitudinal axis of the associated housing is not substantially vertical, and for causing the associated stator clamping means (23,25) to release a stator in the associated housing whenever the longitudinal axis of the associated housing is substantially vertical. The apparatus defined in claim 14 wherein said stator clamping means (23,25) is removably mounted in the associated stator housing (21) to allow said stator clamping means to be changed to accomodate stators (11) having different characteristics. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein said stator housings (21) are removably mounted on said table (32) to allow said stator housings to be changed to accomodate stators (11) having different characteristics. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the stator (11) in the stator housing (21) adjacent said first means (A) is at substantially the same level vertically as a stator on said conveyor (10) adjacent said first means (A). The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein said first (A), second (B) and third (C,D) means have predetermined angular spacings from one another around said table (32), all of said predetermined angular spacings being integer multiples of the smallest of said predetermined angular spacings. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein said stator housings (21) have equal angular spaces from one another around said table (32). The apparatus defined in claim 20 wherein said stator housings (21) have equal angular spacings from one another around said table (32), and wherein said equal angular spacing is equal to said smallest of said predetermined angular spacings of said first (A), second (B) and third (C) means. The method of winding two-pole stators, said stators having a longitudinal axis and being supplied by a conveyor on which the longitudinal axis of said stators are substantially vertical, said method being characterized by the steps of: removing a stator having a substantially vertically oriented longitudinal axis from the conveyor and placing it in a stator housing with its longitudinal axis still substantially vertical; rotating said housing (21) so that the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) in said stator housing (21) is substantially horizontal; applying windings to said stator (11) while the longitudinal axis of said stator is substantially horizontal; anchoring the ends of the windings to the stator (11); and discharging the stator (11) from said stator housing (21). The method defined in claim 22 wherein the stator (11) discharged from said stator housing (21) is conveyed away from said conveyor (10), and wherein said method further comprises the step of: rotating said stator housing (21) after the winding has been applied so that the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) is substantially vertical. The method defined in claim 23 wherein said step of discharging the stator comprises the step of: removing the stator (11) from said stator housing (21) and placing it on said conveyor (10) with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical. The method defined in claim 24 wherein said step of anchoring the ends of the windings to the stator comprises the steps of: anchoring a first plurality of winding ends to said stator (11) adjacent a first longitudinal end of said stator; and anchoring a second plurality of winding ends to said stator (11) adjacent a second longitudinal end of said stator. The method defined in claim 25 further comprising the step of: rotating said stator housing (21) 180 degrees about an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) after said step of anchoring said first plurality of winding ends and before said step of anchoring said second plurality of winding ends. The method defined in claim 26 wherein the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) is substantially horizontal during said steps of anchoring said first and second pluralities of winding ends. The method defined in claim 25 further comprising the step of: rotating said stator housing (21) 90 degrees about a horizontal axis which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) after said step of anchoring said first plurality of winding ends and before said step of anchoring said second plurality of winding ends. The method defined in claim 27 wherein the longitudinal axis of said stator (11) is substantially horizontal during said step of anchoring said first plurality of winding ends and substantially vertical during said step of anchoring said second plurality of winding ends. The method defined in claim 22 further comprising the steps of: clamping said stator (11) in said stator housing before completing said step of rotating said stator housing; and releasing the clamping of said stator (11) in said stator housing (21) after performing said step of anchoring the ends of the windings.

Inventors: LOMBARDI MASSIMO, SANTANDREA LUCIANO, LOMBARDI, MASSIMO, SANTANDREA, LUCIANO
Applicants: AXIS SPA, AXIS S.P.A.
Application year: 1989
Main classification: H02K15
IPC codes: H02K15