A CRUISE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE HAVING A CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION

Abstract: A control system (40) for a motor vehicle has a continuously variable transmission (4), a transmission ratio control system for controlling the transmission ration, and a cruise control system for controlling the speed of the vehicle to a desired cruising speed. A resume switch (47) is provided for producing an acceleration signal during the cruising of the vehicle. In response to the acceleration signal, a throttle valve (18) of the engine (1) is opened, and the transmission ratio is downshifted by a predetermined value

Description: The present invention relates to a presettable speed or "cruise control" system for controlling transmission ratio and vehicle speed drive for a motor vehicle, and more particularly to a system for allowing acceleration of the vehicle whilst the cruise control is in operation. In a constant speed cruise control system for a motor vehicle having an automatic transmission, acceleration of the vehicle may be initiated by the driver, the vehicle will then accelerate in accordance with the opening degree of a throttle valve without downshifting of the transmission ratio. Under the aforesaid conditions the acceleration of the vehicle depends solely on the rate of increase of the engine torque. Thus, the vehicle can only be accelerated slowly. The object of a conventional cruise control is to fix the speed of the vehicle irrespective of the incline of the road over which it is passing (see for example US 4 470 478). To achieve this it is usual for the driver to select a speed by means of a finger operable set/decelerate switch. The system then compares the set speed with the actual vehicle speed and operates a throttle actuator to accelerate or decelerate the vehicle towards the set speed. Where there are frequent changes in inclination this system results in significant fluctuations in the vehicle speed because the engine response is slow. To alleviate this problem, it has been proposed, for example in JP 60-135 335, to change the transmission ratio in accordance with the difference between the set and the actual vehicle speed in addition to adjusting the throttle valve, thereby improving the engine response time and maintaining a more nearly constant speed. It is desirable to provide a cruise control system in which the vehicle can be accelerated by the driver without disengaging the cruise control. Accordingly the present invention provides a cruise control system for a motor vehicle with a continuously variable transmission, wherein a throttle valve of an engine is adjustable by an actuator to converge the vehicle speed to the set speed and including means to downshift the transmission ratio characterised in that the system includes a manually operable acceleration switch to generate an acceleration signal to which the actuator responds by opening the throttle valve and said means being responsive to the acceleration signal to downshift the transmission ratio by a predetermined amount. Some embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a power transmission system including a continuously variable belt-drive transmission for a motor vehicle according to the present invention; Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a control unit of the system according to the present invention; Fig. 3 is a graph showing a characteristic of the transmission ratio in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 4 is a graph showing downshift quantities in relation to the actual transmission ratio and vehicle speed; and Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the transmission ratio control operation of the system according to the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, a motor vehicle is provided with an engine 1, an electromagnetic powder clutch 2 for transmitting the power of the engine to a continuously variable belt-drive transmission 4 through a selector mechanism 3. The belt-drive transmission 4 has a main shaft 5 and an output shaft 6 provided in parallel with the main shaft 5. A drive pulley (primary pulley) 7 and a driven pulley (secondary pulley) 8 are mounted on shafts 5 and 6 respectively. A fixed conical disc 7b of the drive pulley 7 is integral with main shaft 5 and an axially movable conical disc 7a is axially slidably mounted on the main shaft 5. The movable conical disc 7a also slides in a cylinder 9 formed on the main shaft 5 to provide a servo device. A fixed conical disc 8b of the driven pulley 8 is formed on the output shaft 6 opposite a movable conical disc 8a. The conical disc 8a has a cylindrical portion which is slidably engaged in a cylinder 10 of the output shaft 6 to form a servo device. A drive belt 11 engages with the drive pulley 7 and the driven pulley 8. The cylinder 9 of the drive pulley 7 is so designed that the pressure receiving area thereof is larger than that of the cylinder 10 of the driven pulley 8. Thus, the running diameter of the drive belt 11 on the pulleys is varied dependent on driving conditions. Secured to the output shaft 6 is a drive gear 12 which engages with an intermediate reduction gear 12a on an intermediate shaft 13. An intermediate gear 14a on the shaft 13 engages with a final gear 14. The rotation of the final gear 14 is transmitted to axles 16a of vehicle driving wheels 16 through a differential 15. A throttle valve 18 is mounted in an intake manifold 17 of the engine 1. An actuator 19 is operatively connected to the throttle valve 18 for controlling the throttle valve in accordance with an output signal from a control unit 40. Describing a hydraulic circuit of the transmission 4, the cylinder 9 of the drive pulley 7 is supplied with pressurized oil by an oil pump 20 from an oil reservoir 31 passing through a line pressure passage 21, a line pressure control valve 22, transmission ratio control valve 23, and passage 24. The cylinder 10 of driven pulley 8 is applied with pressurized oil through a passage 21b. The passage 21 is further communicated with a regulator valve 25 through an orifice 32. A constant pressure of oil regulated at the regulator valve 25 is provided in a passage 26. The passage 26 is communicated with an end chamber of the line pressure control valve 22 through an orifice 32a, a solenoid operated on-off valve 27 and an accumulator 30, with an end chamber of the transmission ratio control valve 23 through an orifice 32b and a solenoid operated on-off valve 28, and with the other end chamber of the valve 23 through a passage 26a and an orifice 32c. The solenoid operated valves 27 and 28 are operated by duty signals from the control unit 40. When energized, valves are communicated with a drain passage 29. Thus, actuating pressures controlled by the on-off valves 27 and 28 are applied to control valves 22 and 23. The line pressure control valve 22 controls the line pressure PL in accordance with the transmission ratio. The transmission ratio control valve 23 has a spool which is shifted to an oil supply position by control oil in the opposite end chambers, communicating the passage 21 with the passage 24 and to an oil drain position for draining the oil from the passage 24. The operating conditions in two positions varies in accordance with the duty ratio, so that the flow rate of oil supplied to or drained from the cylinder 9 of the drive pulley 7 is controlled to provide optimum transmission ratio in dependence on the opening degree of the throttle valve and the speed of the engine. The control unit 40 consisting of a microcomputer is provided with the transmission ratio control system and the line pressure control system, to which the cruise control system is operatively connected. Referring to Fig. 2, the system has a drive pulley speed sensor 44, driven pulley speed sensor 42, throttle valve position sensor 43, main switch 45 for starting the cruise control, set/coast switch 46, brake switch 48, engine speed sensor 41, resume switch 47, and select position sensor 49. The set/coast switch 46 is adapted to produce a cruise set signal when a button of the switch is depressed for a short period and to produce a coast signal while the button is continuously depressed over a predetermined period. A system for controlling the transmission ratio and the line pressure will be described. Output signals N P and N s of sensor 44, 42 are fed to an actual transmission ratio calculator 50 to produce an actual transmission ratio i in accordance with i = N P /N s . The actual transmission ratio i and output signal ϑ of the throttle position sensor 43 are fed to a desired drive pulley speed first table 51 to derive a desired drive pulley speed Npd in accordance with values of the ratio i and signal ϑ. The desired drive pulley speed Npd and the driven pulley speed N s are fed to a desired transmission ratio calculator 52 to calculate a desired transmission ratio id in accordance with the speeds Npd and N s which corresponds to vehicle speed. The desired transmission ratio id is fed to a desired transmission ratio changing speed calculator 54 which produces a desired transmission ratio changing speed did/dt. The speed did/dt is the amount of change of the desired transmission ratio id during a predetermined time interval. A coefficient setting section 55 is provided for producing coefficients K1 and K2. The actual transmission ratio i, desired transmission ratio id, desired transmission ratio changing speed did/dt and coefficients K1 and K2 are applied to a transmission ratio changing speed calculator 53 to produce a transmission ratio changing speed di/dt from the following formula. di/dt = K1 (id - i) + K2 · did/dt In the formula, the term of (id - i) is a control quantity dependent on the difference between the desired and actual transmission ratios and did/dt is a term for advancing the phase of the control operation. The speed di/dt and actual ratio i are applied to a duty ratio table 56 to derive a duty ratio D in accordance with D = f (di/dt, i) using a table at upshift and downshift of the transmission. The duty ratio D is supplied to a solenoid operated on-off valve 28 through a driver 57. On the other hand, engine speed Ne from the engine speed sensor 41 and throttle opening degree ϑ from the throttle position sensor 43 are applied to an engine torque table 58 to derive an engine torque T. The engine torque T and the actual transmission ratio i from the calculator 50 is applied to a desired line pressure table 59 to derive a desired line pressure P LD . In the hydraulic circuit, oil pressure discharged from the pump varies in accordance with the change of the engine speed Ne, so that a maximum line pressure P LM also varies. In order to detect the variance of the maximum line pressure P LM , the control unit is provided with a maximum line pressure table 60 to which the engine speed Ne and the actual transmission ratio i are supplied. Therefore, the maximum line pressure P LM is obtained. The desired line pressure P LD and the maximum line pressure P LM are applied to a reduced line pressure calculator 61 wherein a reduced line pressure P LR is calculated based on the proportion of the desired line pressure P LD to the maximum line pressure P LM . The reduced line pressure P LR is applied to a duty ratio table 62 to derive a duty ratio D L corresponding to the reduced line pressure P LR . The duty ratio D L is supplied to a driver 63 which operates a solenoid operated on-off valve 27 at the duty ratio. Describing a system for the cruise control, a desired driven pulley speed deciding section 65 is applied with the driven pulley speed signal N s from the sensor 42, and output signals from switches 45 to 47. When the main switch 45 for the cruise control is turned on and the set/coast switch 46 operates for a short period to produce the cruise signal, the desired driven pulley speed deciding section 65 operates to set the driven pulley speed N s applied to the section 65 at that time as a desired driven pulley speed N SDCR , that is a desired cruising speed. On the other hand, a cruise control cancel deciding section 64 is applied with output signals from the switches 45 to 48 and select position sensor 49. When the brake switch 48 is turned on, the set/coast switch 46 and the resume switch 47 are on at the same time, the select position sensor 49 produces a signal representing other ranges than a D range, or the main switch 45 is turned off, the cruise control cancel deciding section 64 operates to cancel the cruise control, so that the desired driven pulley speed N SDCR and an amount for actuating the actuator 19 becomes zero. At setting of the cruise control, the section 65 derives the desired driven pulley speed N SDCR in accordance with the driven pulley speed Ns. The output signal N SDCR is fed to a desired drive pulley speed second table 66 from which a desired drive pulley speed N PDCR for the cruise control is derived. The signal N PDCR is applied to a desired drive pulley speed correcting section 67 where a corrected desired drive pulley speed N PDCR ′ is calculated in dependence on the desired drive pulley speed N PDCR and driven pulley speed N s from the section 66 and the sensor 42. A vehicle speed increase/decrease deciding section 68 is provided to be applied with output signals from the switches 45, 46 and 47 to produce an acceleration signal or a deceleration signal. The acceleration or the deceleration signal is applied to the desired transmission ratio calculator 52 to which the output signal of the correcting section 67 is applied, so as to obtain the desired transmission ratio id. The output signals of the desired driven pulley speed deciding section 65 and cruise control cancel deciding section 64 are applied to a desired throttle valve opening degree table 69 so as to derive a desired throttle valve opening degree ϑD during the cruise control. The desired throttle valve opening degree ϑD is applied to a desired throttle valve opening degree correcting section 70 to which the acceleration or deceleration signal from the section 68 is applied so as to correct the desired opening degree ϑD. A corrected desired opening degree ϑD′ is applied to a throttle actuator actuating quantity deciding section 71, to which the output signal from the section 64 is applied. The section 71 determines an actuator actuating quantity in accordance with the throttle opening degree ϑ and the corrected desired degree ϑD′. An output signal of the section 71 is applied through a driver 72 to the actuator 19 comprising a DC servo motor. The throttle valve 18 is controlled for providing the desired opening degree ϑD′. When the resume switch 47 is turned on, the vehicle speed increase/decrease deciding section 68 feeds an acceleration signal to the desired transmission ratio calculator 52 and the throttle opening degree correcting section 70. In the calculator 52, a downshift quantity Δi is added to an actual transmission ratio i at that time so as to downshift the transmission. As shown in Fig. 4, the downshift quantity Δi is a function at least one of the actual transmission ratio i and driven pulley N s , which is the present vehicle speed. Accordingly, the transmission is downshifted as shown by an arrow in Fig. 3. On the other hand, the desired throttle opening degree correcting section 70 produces a signal so as to increase the actuating quantity of the actuator 19 when the acceleration signal is applied thereto. Accordingly, the throttle valve 18 is opened little by little thereby increasing the torque of the engine. The operation of the system for controlling the transmission ratio will be described hereinafter with reference to the flowchart shown in Fig. 5. At a step S101, it is determined whether the vehicle is in a cruise control. When the vehicle is not in cruise control, the program proceeds to a step S102 where the desired transmission ratio id is obtained in dependence on the desired drive pulley speed N pd derived from the first table 51. Thereafter, the program goes to a step S107 for the normal transmission ratio control. If the cruise control is determined at the step S101, it is determined at a step 103 whether the acceleration of the vehicle is selected by the resume switch 47. If the switch 47 is not turned on, the desired transmission ratio id is calculated at the calculator 52 in dependence on the desired driven speed N SDCR and the desired drive pulley speed N PDCR derived from the respective tables 65 and 66 at step S104. The program further proceeds to the step S107. When the acceleration is determined at the step S103, it is further determined at a step S105 whether the program is the first loop immediately after the acceleration signal is generated. If it is the first loop, at a step S106, the downshift quantity Δi is added to the actual transmission ratio i at the desired transmission ratio calculator 52. Accordingly, the transmission is downshifted at the step S107 as shown in Fig. 3. When the program is a loop succeeding the first loop, the program proceeds directly to the step S107 from the step S105. Thus, the transmission is downshifted right after the acceleration is selected. The throttle opening degree is increased at a large transmission ratio than the cruising so that, as shown in the graph of Fig. 3, the vehicle is accelerated at a larger acceleration than the above described conventional cruising system. Although in the presently described embodiment, the transmission downshifting quantity Δi is set as a function at least one of the actual transmission ratio i and driven pulley speed N s which is the vehicle speed, the quantity Δi may be set as a constant value. From the foregoing, it will be understood that the present invention provides a cruise control system for a motor vehicle having a continuously variable transmission, wherein when a vehicle is intended for acceleration, the vehicle speed can be rapidly increased at a large acceleration by downshifting the transmission a predetermined quantity, as well as by opening the throttle valve. While the presently preferred embodiment of the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it is to be understood that this disclosure is for the purpose of illustration and that various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims: A cruise control system for a motor vehicle with a continuously variable transmission, wherein a throttle valve of an engine is adjustable by an actuator (19) to converge the vehicle speed to the set speed and including means to downshift the transmission ratio characterised in that the system includes a manually operable acceleration switch (40) to generate an acceleration signal to which the actuator (19) responds by opening the throttle valve and said means being responsive to the acceleration signal to downshift the transmission ratio by a predetermined amount. A system according to claim 1 characterised in that the continuously variable transmission comprises a drive pulley (7) and a driven pulley (8) each having a hydraulically shiftable disc (7a, 8a) and a respective hydraulic servo-device (9, 10) for operating the disc (7a, 8a), a belt (11) engaged with both pulleys (7, 8), and a hydraulic circuit having a pump (20) for supplying oil to both the servo devices (9, 10), the transmission ratio control system has desired transmission ratio providing means responsive to an actual transmission ratio and engine load and the desired cruising speed for producing a desired transmission ratio and a transmission ratio control valve for controlling the oil supplied to the servo devices to change the transmission ratio to the desired transmission ratio.

Inventors: MORIMOTO, YOSHIHIKO
Applicants: FUJI JUKOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1988
Main classification: B60K31
IPC codes: F02D29, F16H61, B60W30, B60K31, B60W10