DEVICE FOR A BUILDING WITH PROVISIONS FOR THE DISCHARGE OF EXHAUSTED AIR, THE SUPPLY OF FRESH AIR AND THE HEATING OF THE ROOMS OF THE BUILDING

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for controlling the climat in a building. This device consists of a combustion boiler (2) pro­ vided with a warm water heat exchanger (3) in the fluegas duct and a second heat exchanger (8) in which the heat from the fluegases and from the exhausted air is delivered to fresh air. This second heat exchanger (8) is situated next to the boiler (2) whereas the supply means are situated at the upper side and the discharge means at the underside. Preferably boiler and heat exchangers are carried out as a unity together with a hood.

Description: The invention is related to a device for a building with several rooms, suitable for habitation, which device has provisions for the discharge of waste air and for the supply of fresh air and further provided with a combustion boiler with a burner and a first heat exchanger situated in the discharge of the fluegases above the boiler, which first heat exchanger forms part of a water circuit for delivering warm water to heating convectors and/or tap points for warm water, and with a second heat exchanger situated downstream of the first heat exchanger in the path of the fluegases which second heat exchanger is situated in the discharge of the waste air as well, such that the fluegases and waste air are in heat exchange relationship with the flow of fresh air, which may enter the rooms through this second heat exchanger, which boiler, first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger are situated in a casing, which casing has means for feeding waste air into it, means for feeding fresh air into it, means for discharging fresh air out of it and common means for discharging fluegases and waste air out of it, as well as fans (13, 16) in the flow of the fluegases and the fresh air respectively. Such a device is known from EP-A-0148988. In this known device a reservoir for warm water, a boiler, a heat exchanger for heating water and a second heat exchanger for heat exchange of fresh air with the warmth contained in the fluegases and the waste air are arranged above each other, whereas the connections for fresh air and for the discharge of waste air are situated in the upper part. This device is very space comsuming despite of the statement, noted in this publication, which says that a compact form is possible. Aim of the invention is to obtain a really compact form of the device and according to the invention this aim is reached in that the second heat exchanger is situated directly next to a side of the boiler such that the inlet for fluegases and waste air is at the upperside of the second heat exchanger, the inlet for fresh air is at the upper side of the second heat exchanger as well, but separated from the fluegases and waste air, whereas the outlets for fresh air, fluegases and waste air respectively are separated from each other at the underside of the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger requires a relatively large surface as the cold external air has to be preheated therein to a temperature which is at, or approaches, that one of the room temperature in exchange with air coming from the rooms as well as in exchange with the temperature, which is of course higher, of the fluegases, which, however, have lost already a part of their warmth energy in the first heat exchanger in which they have to bring the water of the water circuits at the required temperature. By placing this second heat exchanger next to the boiler, a large height saying is obtained without the width of the device becoming unacceptable. The present materials offer the possibility to obtain a heating boiler with compact form, resulting in a boiler which even compared with the dimensions of the heat exchanger, can be small. This compact form also offers the possibility to position the chambers, which must be present at the supply respectively the discharge side of the second heat exchanger, close to each other. The heat exchanger may be a counterflow heat exchanger. Alike the known device, the heat exchanger preferably is a crossflow heat exchanger. According to the known device the fresh air flows obliquely from above downwardly through the heat exchanger and the fluegases and the exhausted waste air flow obliquely from beneath upwardly to a common discharge point. Due to the position of the heat exchanger next to the boiler the flow of fluegases and waste air is obliquely from above downwardly to a discharge chamber whereas according to this configuration the fresh air enters a chamber situated between the boiler and the discharge chamber resulting in extra preheating especially by the heat emitted by the boiler wall, before this fresh air reaches the duct system for supply to the rooms of the building. The inflow of waste air from above offers the possibility of a compact form and a better connection to the duct system destined for the discharge. Due to this arrangement of the several parts of the device it is possible to construct the device so small that it may be combined with a kitchen hood, i.e. that its plan dimensions of depth and width do not differ from those of the kitchen hood. It is also possible to place the device as a whole, for instance above the kitchen hood, and according to the invention in that case the heat present in the vapours which must be discharged through the kitchen hood, can be used as well. For this purpose the kitchen hood is connected to the chamber in which the fluegases and waste air are gathered, in such a way that the vapours supplied by the kitchen hood can leave through the same discharge destined for the fluegases and the waste air. According to the invention, however, in that case flaps should be incorporated which, when the kitchen hood is functioning, ensure that the connection to the kitchen hood is open and the supply means for waste air is closed. Reason for this is that with the kitchen hood functioning, the vapours discharged by this kitchen hood and brought into the system should not enter the rooms via the waste air discharge system, whereas on the other hand with the kitchen hood not functioning the waste air should not enter the room considered through the kitchen hood. The attention is drawn to the fact that it is known in itself, e.g. from FR-A-2,372,394, to combine a kitchen hood with a heat exchanger for preheating the air. Other possibilities are not offered here, however. Also from DE-A-3,404,589 it is known to close the discharge means for waste air from a room in case a heating boiler starts to function. The device to the invention can be provided with a third heat exchanger, forming part of a warm water circuit in the space or chamber in which the fluegases, waste air respectively vapours of the kitchen hood are gathered. This may be a heat exchanger in which the water destined for the first heat exchanger is preheated. In the chamber in which the fresh air is gathered after passing the second heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger can be present, forming part of a warm water circuit which still further preheats the air. Furthermore the first, third and fourth heat exchanger may play a role in preheating the air in case the heating boiler is switched off, whereas the warm water circuit, however, contains heat. The fan in the fluegas discharge will also in case the combustion boiler is not functioning, suck in air through the boiler. Furthermore the waste air provides for preheating of the fresh air. The invention will further be described with the help of the drawings. Figure 1 shows a first embodiment. Figure 2 shows a second embodiment. Figure 1 shows a casing 1, in which is located a heating device 2 for water provided with heating elements 3 for warm water for convectors and for tapwater. At position 4 combustion air is supplied along the burners 5, whereas through discharge duct 6 the fluegases are discharged. The heating device is also provided with a jacket 7. The fluegases are conducted to heat exchanger 8. Together with the fluegases vapours from a kitchen hood are supplied through duct 9, as well as waste air from the rooms through duct 10. The flap 21 prevents the vapours from flowing back through duct 10. A dividing wall 11 may be provided between these supply flows, in order to have the fluegases flowing through the heat exchanger while they are not mixed, to ensure a good heat exchange. Preferably the heat exchanger consists of two parts 8a and 8b. Part 8a is destined for the fluegases and consists of material suitable for this purpose. Part 8b may consist of cheaper material. Through chamber 12 and fan 13 these flows are finally discharged in a mixed state. Furthermore fresh external air is supplied through supply chamber 14 to heat exchanger 8. This external air flows through heat exchanger 8, which is a crossflow heat exchanger, and the air flowing through said heat exchanger absorbs the heat from the fluegases, the vapours originating from the kitchen hood as well as from the waste air originating from the rooms. Next fresh air is supplied to the room through duct 15 and fan 16. Also the fresh air flows along the wall 7 of the heating device 2 in such a way that it is heated additionally. Furthermore a kitchen hood 19 may be placed directly underneath the casing 1. Such an embodiment is very compact, and could be hung as a unity above a furnace. Figure 2 shows in the casing 1, also a heat exchanger 17, is situated in the connecting chamber 6, for heating liquid. In this heat exchanger 17 the liquid to be heated can be preheated by the fluegases, which increases efficiency. In this embodiment a further heat exchanger 18 is situated as well in the chamber 15 for the supply of fresh air into the rooms. This heat exchanger heats the fresh air up to a temperature such that an air heating is provided. The air plenum casing 20 in figure 1 is situated at the upper side of casing 1. The kitchen hood 19 is situated at the underside. The reverse case is also possible, with the air plenum casing at the underside, especially when no kitchen hood is provided. Furthermore the direction of functioning of the fans 13, 16 respectively may be reversible, especially when the air casing is situated at the underside, in which case the connection to e.g. the chimney, should be of course adapted.

Claims: 1. Device for a building with several rooms, suitable for habitation, which device has provisions for the discharge (13) of waste air and for the supply (16) of fresh air and further provided with a combustion boiler (2) with a burner (5) and a first heat exchanger (3) situated in the discharge of the fluegases above the boiler, which first heat exchanger forms part of a water circuit for delivering warm water to heating convectors and/or tap points for warm water, and with a second heat exchanger (8) situated downstream of the first heat exchanger (3) in the path of the fluegases which second heat exchanger (8) is situated in the discharge (10, 12, 13) of the waste air as well, such that the fluegases and waste air are in heat exchange relationship with the flow of fresh air, which may enter the rooms through this second heat exchanger (8), which boiler (2), first heat exchanger (3) and second heat exchanger (8) are situated in a casing (1), which casing has means for feeding waste air into it, means (14) for feeding fresh air into it, means (16) for discharging fresh air out of it and common means (12, 13) for discharging fluegases and waste air out of it, as well as fans (13, 16) in the flow of the fluegases and the fresh air respectively, characterized in that the second heat exchanger (8) is situated directly next to a side of the boiler (2) such that the inlet for fluegases and waste air is at the upperside of the second heat exchanger (8), the inlet for fresh air is at the upper side of the second heat exchanger as well, but separated from the fluegases and waste air, whereas the outlets for fresh air, fluegases and waste air respectively are separated from each other at the underside of the second heat exchanger (8). 2. Device for a building according to claim 1, characterized in that above the inlet of the second heat exchanger (8) for the fluegases and waste air a connecting chamber (6) has been provided, connecting the exit of the first heat exchanger (3) to the second heat exchanger (8), which connecting chamber (6) has an opening (10) forming the connection with the means for feeding waste air towards the second heat exchanger (8), whereas the casing underneath the second heat exchanger 98) has a chamber (12) which in its turn is connected with the means (13) for discharging waste air and fluegases out of the casing. 3. Device for a building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet of fresh preheated air of the second heat exchanger (8) opens into a chamber (15) located beneath the second heat exchanger (8) and between the adjacent wall of the boiler (2) and a wall separating said chamber (15) from the discharge chamber (12) of fluegases and waste air. 4. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fans (13, 16) for the discharge and supply respectively are situated in the chambers (12 and 15 respectively) which are located beneath the second heat exchanger (8). 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims 2-4, characterized in that a guide plate (11) is provided in the connecting chamber (6) for the supply of fluegases and waste air towards the second heat exchanger (8), which guide plate (11) at least partly separates the flows of fluegases and waste air. 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casing (1), provided with the boiler (2), the heat exchangers (3 and 8), the connecting chamber (6) and the fans (13, 16) is combined with a kitchenhood (19) having a discharge duct (9), the outlet of which opens into the connecting chamber (6) for fluegases and waste air, which outlet of said duct (9) as well as the inlet (10) for waste air are provided with flaps (21), such that when the kitchenhood (19) is functioning, the outlet of the duct (9) towards the second heat exchanger (8) is open and the inlet (10) for waste air is closed, and vice versa. 7. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the connecting chamber (6), destined for feeding fluegases and waste air towards the second heat exchanger (8), a third heat exchanger (17) is placed, forming part of a water circuit. 8. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fourth heat exchanger (18) is placed in the chamber (15) lying next to the boiler wall (7), said fourth heat exchanger forming part of a water circuit.

Inventors: FEIKEN, DERK
Applicants: LE PAIR BEHEER B.V.
Application year: 1988
Main classification: F24H1
IPC codes: F24H8, F24C15, F24H6