BADGES AND A METHOD FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method of manufacturing badges and insignia, for example of the type worn by policemen and army personnel. The method comprises extruding metal, preferably aluminium, to form a channel-shaped section (5). The section has a flat planar surface portion (6) and a pair of spaced parallel flanges (7) projecting rearwardly from the rear face of the surface portion and at right angles to the face. The extruded section is passed through a punching machining machine, and side-acting punches remove portions of the metal forming the flanges (7) to form lugs (3). A badge is formed in the planar surface portion (6) of the section (5), and the completed badge is severed from the remainder of the extrusion. The invention also includes a badge made by the method which includes fastening lugs (3) projecting from the reverse of the badge and formed integrally with the badge by extrusion.

Description: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing badges which comprises taking a metal section, forming a badge on the obverse thereof and providing at least one fastening lug projecting from the reverse thereof, and to a metal badge comprising a metal section having a substantially flat portion bearing a badge on the obverse thereof, and at least one lug projecting from the reverse of said flat portion and substantially at right angles thereto. The invention is particularly concerned with badges, insignia, buttons, and the like of the type used on uniforms and uniform caps, for example those worn by policemen and army personnel (and which are hereinafter collectively referred to as "badges"). Such badges are commonly provided with a pair of lugs (usually referred to as "button backs") which extend rearwardly from the badge and at right angles to the plane of the badge. The lugs are intended to be inserted through perforations made in the material of the uniform or cap such that the badge can be held in position on a uniform or cap by inserting a pin through apertures in the lugs. Traditionally such badges were pressed from copper or brass or a mixture of these metals and the lugs were subsequently welded or soldered to the rear of the badge. More recently, it has been the practice to manufacture such badges from aluminium, and the lugs are fused to the rear of the badge by fusion welding. However, this has not been satisfactory in practice and there has been a high incidence of failure of the fusion weld with the result that the lugs frequently are broken away from the badge. It has been known to produce badges, brooches and the like having lug portions which are formed without welding or soldering. For example, British Patent Specification No. 284,484 describes a bar brooch which is formed from a metal blank which has at one end two oppositely projecting ears and the blank is folded and bent to bring the ears into a vertical plane. British Patent Specification No. 370,595 discloses an attachment or suspension device for brooches, medals, badges or the like, in which lugs are formed in a similar manner from a sheet metal blank by bending. However, lugs formed by bending sheet metal tend to lack sufficient rigidity and require the use of flexible sheet metal. It is known from British Patent Specification No. 632 696 to manufacture a mounted button or cap badge according to the preamble of claim 1 by forming by means of a die stamping operation a mount or badge and simultaneously forming on the rear face of the mount or badge small projections for use in attaching the badge to a button cup. It is an object of the invention to overcome the aforesaid disadvantages of known badges and to provide a metal badge having fastening lugs which cannot easily be displaced. US-A-3082595 discloses a method of manufacturing expansible wrist bands for use with wrist watches. The bands produced include a male link produced from a T-section metal stock. The central limb of the stock is partly removed to leave spaced posts which are used to mate the male link with its female counterpart to form one strut in a Nurenburg scissors-type linkage. The method according to the invention is characterised in that the metal section is an extrusion comprising a planar surface portion having a front face and a rear face, and at least one flange projecting rearwardly from the rear face of the surface portion, removing a portion of the metal of the or each flange to form at least one lug, forming a badge in the planar surface portion and severing the badge, which has at least one lug formed integrally therewith, from the remainder of the extrusion. A metal badge according to the invention is characterised in that the metal section is an extruded metal section and the lug(s) is/are formed integrally with said flat portion by cutting the lug(s) from a flange or a pair of spaced parallel flanges formed during the extrusion process. The metal used in the formation of the badge may be selected from copper, brass, bronze and aluminium, but preferably is aluminium. The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a rear perspective view of a conventional chevron-type badge made from aluminium; Figure 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a metal section for use in manufacturing badges according to the invention; Figure 3 is an end elevation of the extrusion of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the formation of lugs in the extrusion of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a side view of the extrusion of Figure 4; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the extrusion of Figure 2 showing a further stage in the manufacture of the badge; Figure 7 is a rear perspective view of a chevron-type badge made according to the invention; Figure 8 is a perspective view illustrating the formation of a badge according to the invention by means of a coining operation; Figure 9 is a perspective view from above of a badge made by the coining operation of Figure 8; Figure 10 is an underside perspective view of an extruded aluminium section shown partly cut in the formation of lugs; Figure 11 is an underside perspective view of an extruded metal section having a single flange shown partly cut in the formation of lugs; Figure 12 is a side elevation of a tool for use in the formation of a badge of the invention; Figure 13 is a plane view of the tool of Figure 12; and Figure 14 is an end elevation of the tool of Figure 12. Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings this illustrates a conventional chevron-type badge made from aluminium. The badge comprises a flat planar portion 1 from which two substantially V-shaped apertures 2 have been punched to form the chevron. Lugs 3 are attached to the flat planar portion 1 by means of fusion welds 4. It has been found in practice that such welds have a tendency to fracture such that the lugs 3 are broken off in use. A method of manufacturing a chevron-type badge of the type illustrated in Figure 1 but with the lugs 3 formed integrally with the remainder of the badge, is illustrated in Figures 2 to 6. According to the invention, a channel-shaped extrusion 5 is extruded from a suitable metal, in well known manner. The extrusion 5 comprises a flat planar strip 6, of indefinite length. A pair of longitudinal flanges 7 extend at right angles from the strip 6. The flanges 7 are disposed parallel to each other in spaced relation and are inset slightly from the edge of the strip 6 as shown in Figure 3. The positioning of the flanges corresponds to the positioning of the lugs 3, as hereinafter described. The extrusion 5 is passed through a punching machine. A suitable punching tool is illustrated in Figures 12 to 14. The punching tool comprises a base 20 which supports a work platform 21. The work platform is formed with a pair of spaced parallel grooves 22 (see Figure 13). The grooves 22 are spaced apart a distance equal to the spacing of the flanges 7 of the extrusion 5. The extrusion 5 is passed into the punching machine in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 13. The flanges 7 are inserted in the grooves 22. A pair of side-action punches 23 move inwardly, transversely to the direction of travel of the extrusion 5. The punches are shown in more detail in Figures 12 and 14 and are illustrated in the closed position. Each punch 23 is a composite punch having cutting edges 24, 25 on opposite sides thereof. Associated therewith is a circular punch 26. The punches 23, 26 are caused to move inwardly by means of a downwardly descending cam member 27. The cam members 27 are formed with inclined faces 28 which contact cam followers 29 on the punches, forcing them to move inwardly as the cam members descend. The cams are shown in the fully descended position in Figure 14. The punches are moved into the open position by return springs (not shown) when the cam members 27 are raised. As the extrusion 5 is passed through the punching machine, cutting edges 24, 25 each cut out a part of the material of the flanges 7 to form the lugs 3 as shown in Figures 4 and 5. It will be appreciated that during one operation of the punching tool, punches 23 remove the material between each exceeding lug 3, so that each lug 3 is only partly formed during each inward operation of the punches 3. At the same time, the circular punch 26 forms the pin-holes 8 in the lugs. As the lugs 3 are cut the extrusion 5 is moved forwardly in the punching tool and a forward pair of lugs 3 is located in grooves 27 formed in the platform 21 while a rearwardly pair of lugs is located in grooves 28 formed in the platform 21. A vertically acting punch descends to cut out the substantially V-shaped apertures 2 to form the chevrons and to sever the badge 1 from the extrusion along the lines of cut shown in Figure 6. The vertically acting punch has three blades 30, 31 and 32. The smaller blades 30 and 31 remove metal from the flat planar portion 1 to form the V-shape apertures 2, whereas the blade 32 cuts along the line of cut 9 to sever each formed badge from the extrusion. For the sake of simplicity, only one formed badge 1 is shown in Figure 6 although it will be appreciated that the lugs 3 and remainder of the badge 1 are formed simultaneously during the cutting operation. The completed chevron-shaped badge is shown in Figure 7. By using the method of the invention, the lugs 3 are formed integrally with the remainder of the badge. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, a coined badge is obtained from the channel-shaped metal strip using a compound coining and blanking tool. In this arrangement, the lugs 3 are cut from the flanges 7 as described in relation to Figures 2 to 7. However, the badge itself is cold-formed using male and female dies of a compound coining and blanking tool. The tool first cuts the outline of the badge from the strip 6 then coins the shape 10 of the badge. Figure 10 shows a further embodiment of an extrusion in which the longitudinal flanges 7, and hence the opposed lugs 3 are located closer to each other than is the case with the extrusion of Figure 2. For illustrative purposes the drawing shows the removal of part of the flange 7. An embodiment having a single flange 7 is illustrated in Figure 11, and with this arrangement a single lug 3 is formed on each badge cut from the extrusion. The metal used in the manufacture of badges according to the invention may include any metal capable of extrusion. For example, the metal may be selected from copper, brass, bronze and aluminium. Aluminium has been found to be particularly suitable because it is easy to extrude, is robust and rigid in use, and is economical in use. The invention is not restricted to the particular shapes of the badges illustrated, and a wide variety of badges, including numeral-type badges, can be manufactured using the method of the invention. Because the lugs 3 are formed integrally of the remainder of the badge, the badge is a much stronger construction than conventional fusion-welded aluminium badges. The finished badges may be anodised as required to alter the colour of the metal.

Claims: A method of manufacturing a badge which comprises taking a metal section, forming a badge on the obverse thereof and providing at least one fastening lug projecting from the reverse thereof, characterised in that the metal section is an extrusion (5) comprising a planar surface portion (6) having a front face and a rear face, and at least one flange (7) projecting rearwardly from the rear face of the surface portion (6), removing a portion of the metal of the or each flange (7) to form at least one lug (3), forming a badge (2,10) in the planar surface portion (6) and severing the badge, which has at least one lug (3) formed integrally therewith, from the remainder of the extrusion (5). A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the metal section is a substantially channel-shaped extrusion (5) having a pair of spaced parallel flanges (7) projecting rearwardly from the rear face of the surface portion (6), removing a portion of the metal of the flanges (7) to form lugs (3), forming a badge (2,10) in the planar surface portion (6) and severing the badge, which has a pair of lugs (3) formed integrally therewith, from the remainder of the extrusion (5). A method as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the pair of parallel flanges (7) project rearwardly substantially at right-angles to the rear face of the surface portion (6). A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that holes (8) are cut in the lugs (3). A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the extrusion (5) is fed through a punching machine in which side-acting punches (23) remove a portion of the metal of the flanges (7) to form oppositely arranged lugs (3) integral with and projecting from the flat surface portion (6), forming a badge in the flat planar surface portion (6) of the extrusion, and severing the badge with a pair of lugs (3) formed integrally therewith from the remainder of the extrusion. A method as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the badge (2,10) is formed and cut from the extruded section by vertically acting punches. A method as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that holes (8) are cut in the lugs (3), simultaneously with the formation of the lugs, by means of circular punches (26). A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims characterised in that the metal is aluminium. A metal badge comprising a metal section having a substantially flat portion bearing a badge on the obverse thereof, and at least one lug projecting from the reverse of said flat portion and substantially at right angles thereto, characterised in that the metal section is all extruded metal section (5) and the lug(s) (3) is/are formed integrally with said flat portion (6) by cutting the lug(s) (3) from a flange or spaced parallel flanges (7) formed during the extrusion process. A badge as claimed in either of claims 8 or 9, characterised in that the metal is aluminium.

Inventors: WOODS, WILLIAM JOSEPH
Applicants: WOODS, WILLIAM JOSEPH
Application year: 1988
Main classification: A44C27
IPC codes: A44C3, B21D53, A44C27