BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATIONS

Abstract: Benzimidazole derivatives of the following formula, wherein R¹ indicates hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 6 or dimethylaminopropyl group, R² indicates hydrogen atom or lower alkanoyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 3, R³ indicates hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 3 or lower alkanoyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 3, X indicates sulfur atom, sulfinyl group, sulfonyl group, amino group or methylene group, A indicates alkylene group having carbon atoms of 1 to 12, which alkylene group may optionally be substituted by hydroxy group or lower alkyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 3, - (CHR′)n-CR″=CR″-(CHR′)m-, (in which R′ and R″ are each independently hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 3 or hydroxy group, and n and m are equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3), and Y indicates oxygen atom or sulfur atom; their acid or alkali salts and hydrate thereof are useful as antiallergic agents.

Description: This invention is concerned with certain novel benzimidazole derivatives, which have strong and selective anti-leukotriene action and useful for prevention or treatment of allergic diseases such as asthma, their intermediates and process for their preparation thereof. Leukotrienes (leukotriene C₄, D₄ and E₄), which are metabolites of arachidonic acid through 5-lipoxygenase pathway, are constituents of SRS-A (slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis), important mediator of the immediate type allergic disease such as bronchial asthma. For this reason, the drugs which antagonize leukotrienes are promising in treatment of bronchial asthma. But, the drugs having those effects through the internal use are unknown. According to EP-A-0 191 401, (corresponding to Japan Patent Kokai No. 61-186368) the present inventors have found that compounds represented by a general formula (described below) have a strong inhibitory action on leukotrienes-induced broncho-constriction. (wherein Ar represents a benzimidazol-2-yl group and n means an integer of 0 to 2). It has been the problem underlying the present invention to provide benzimidazole derivatives possessing an antagonizing effect on LTD₄ which is better than that of the above mentioned prior art compounds. As a result of diligent studies, the inventors have found that compounds represented by a general formula (I) have a strong and selective inhibitory action on leukotriene-induced broncho-constriction. Accordingly, the subject matter of the present invention relates to benzimidazole derivatives represented by the following general formula (I), wherein R¹ indicates hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a dimethylaminopropyl group, R² indicates a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R³ indicates a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X indicates a sulfur atom, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an amino group or a methylene group, and A indicates an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which alkylene group may optionally be substituted by hydroxy groups or lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or, -(CHR')n-CR"=CR"-(CHR')m- (in which R' and R" are each independently hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or hydroxy groups, and n and m are equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3), their acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof. According to the invention, the compounds represented by the general formula (I) are prepared by the following routes. (1) The compounds wherein X is a sulfur atom and R¹ is a hydrogen atom in the general formula (I) can be prepared by allowing phenoxyalkyl derivatives represented by the general formula (III) or (III') to react with compounds of the general formula (II). Typically, they can be prepared by allowing phenoxyalkyl derivatives (III) to react with compounds of the general formula (II) in suitable solvents such as, for example, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or alcohol, in the presence of bases such as, for example, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonates or potassium hydroxide; wherein R¹ and R³ are the same as described above, wherein A has the meanings as described above and Z indicates a leaving group. (2) The compounds wherein X is a methylene group in the general formula (I) can also be prepared by allowing phenoxyalkyl derivatives represented by the general formula (V) to react with compounds of the general formula (IV). Typically, they can be prepared by allowing phenoxyalkyl derivatives (V) to react with compounds of the general formula (IV) in suitable solvents such as, for example, methanol or ethanol and then heating with an alkali solution such as, for example, potassium hydroxide or, sodium hydroxide, under stirring; wherein R¹ is the same as described above, wherein R² is the same as described above, A' indicates X-A or CH₂-A (in which X and A are as described above) and R⁴ indicates a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. (3) The compounds wherein X is a sulfinyl group in the general formula (I) can be prepared by oxidizing compounds wherein X is a sulfur atom in the general formula (I). Typically, they can be prepared by allowing compounds wherein X is a sulfur in the general formula (I) to react with an equivalent or excess amount of mild oxidizing agents such as, for example, m-chloroperbenzoic acid or hydrogen peroxide in suitable solvents such as, for example, dichloromethane, or alcohol. (4) The compounds wherein X is a sulfonyl group in the general formula (I) can be prepared by oxidizing compounds wherein X is a sulfur atom in the general formula (I). Typically, they can be prepared by allowing compounds wherein X is sulfur atom in the general formula (I) to react with mild oxidizing agents similar to (3) in twice or more excess amounts. (5) The compounds wherein R² is a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the general formula (I) can be prepared by esterification comprising reacting compounds wherein R² is a hydrogen atom in the general formula (I) with an acylating agent, for example, acyl halides or acid anhydrides in inert solvents, for example, dichloromethane or chloroform in the presence of excess bases, for example, pyridine, triethylamine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or in pyridine only. Moreover, the compounds represented by the general formula (I) can be converted to the salts by treatment with an acid or an alkali. The acid may be an inorganic acid such as, for example, hydrogen chloride, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid, or an organic acid such as, for example, methanesulfonic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid or tartaric acid. The alkali may be an alkali metal such as, for example, sodium or potassium. The compounds represented by the general formula (V) are new compounds and can be prepared from the compounds represented by the general formula (VI). Typically, they can be prepared by allowing alcoholic hydrogen chloride to react with compounds of the general formula (VI) in suitable solvents such as, for example, ether under stirring. wherein R² and A' are the same as described above. In the following, the invention will be illustrated based on concrete examples, but the invention is not confined to these examples. Example 1 2-[3-(4-Acethyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid A mixture of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (3.25 g), 3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy) propylbromide (2.00 g) and potassium hydroxide (1.27 g) in ethanol (30 ml) was refluxed for 4 hours. Then, the reacting mixture was poured into ice-water, made acidic with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol (10:2:1), and recrystallized from n-hexane-ethyl acetate to give the title compounds (3.00 g, 67.1 %) as pale yellow crystals, mp 106-108 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₅S: Calcd. (Found); C, 61.67 (61.76); H, 5.65 (5.89); N, 6.54 (6.26). Example 2 2-[2-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)ethylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid A mixture of 2-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)ethyl bromide (2.71 g), ethyl 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-5-carboxylate (2.00 g) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (1.49 g) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 ml) was stirred at 80-90 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water, made acidic with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate (10:1), to give ethyl 2-[2-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)ethylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylate (2.33 g, 58.5 %) as yellow oil. The above ester (2.20 g) was added to 1 N sodium hydroxide solution (20 ml), and the mixture was refluxed for 30 minutes, then poured into ice-water, made acidic with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-methanol (10:1), and recrystallized from n-hexane-ethyl acetate to give the title compound (1.60 g 77.1 %) as colorless crystals, mp 108-110 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₁H₂₂N₂O₅S: Calcd. (Found); C, 60.86 (60.65); H, 5.35 (5.35); N, 6.76 (6.61). Example 3 2-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid Ethyl 2-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylate was prepared in a similar manner to Example 2 with 3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)-1,2-epoxypropane (1.91 g) and ethyl 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-5-carboxylate (1.70 g). 2.10 g (58.1 %) of the esters was obtained as yellow oil. This ester (2.10 g) was converted to the title compound (870 mg, 44.1 %) as pale brown crystals in the same manner as Example 2, mp 133-135 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₆S: Calcd. (Found); C, 59.45 (59.94); H, 5.44 (5.60); N, 6.30 (6.23). Example 4 2-[3-(3-Acetoxy-4-acetyl-2-propylphenoxy)propylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid A mixture of 2-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (1.50 g), triethylamine (4 ml), acetic anhydride (4 ml) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (100 mg) in dichloromethane (50 ml) was stirred at 0 °C and then at room temperature for 5 hours. Methanol (4 ml) was added to the mixture, further stirred for an additional 30 minutes and then the mixture was evaporated. The residue was washed with water, dissolved in ethanol, and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol (10:2:1), and recrystallized from n-hexane-chloroform to give the title compound (970 mg, 58.2 %) as yellow crystals, mp 85-87 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₄H₂₆N₂O₆S·1/3 H₂O: Calcd. (Found); C, 60.49 (60.64); H, 5.64 (5.78); N, 5.88 (5.72). Example 5 2-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylsulfinyl]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid To a mixture of 2-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (1.00 g) in dichloromethane (30 ml) and methanol (3 ml) stirring in ice-salt-water bath, was added m-chloroperbenzoic acid (80 %, 503 mg) in a small portions below 0 °C. Further stirring for an additional 15 minutes, the mixture was evaporated, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol (10:2:1), and recrystallized from ethanol-water to give the title compound (540 mg, 52.1 %) as colorless crystals, mp 173-175 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₆S: Calcd. (Found); C, 59.45 (59.61); H, 5.44 (5.46); N, 6.30 (6.30). Example 6 2-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylsulfonyl]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid To a mixture of 2-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propylthio]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (1.08 g) in dichloromethane (30 ml) and methanol (3 ml), stirring at 5-10 °C, was added m-chloroperbenzoic acid (80 %, 1.20 g) in a small portions. Further stirring for an additional 15 minutes, the mixture was evaporated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol (10:2:1), and recrystallized from ethanol-water to give the title compound (890 mg, 76.7 %) as colorless crystals, mp 212-215 °C (decompd.). Analysis (%) for C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₇S: Calcd. (Found); C, 57.38 (57.50); H, 5.25 (5.27); N, 6.08 (6.09). Examples 7-31 Other new compounds (Examples 7-31) which were prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1-6 are listed in Table 1. Example 32 Ethyl 5-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)pentanimidate hydrochloride Into a mixture of 5-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)valeronitrile (5.5 g) and ethanol (0.95 ml) in ether (30 ml), cooled on ice-salt-water bath, was bubbled hydrogen chloride for 20 minutes below 0 °C. The resulting solution was allowed to stand for 30 minutes at the same temperature and for overnight in a refrigerator. The mixture was evaporated under a reduced pressure and the resulting residue was triturated with anhydrous ether to give the title compound (4.0 g, 81.1%) as colorless crystals, mp 104-105 °C. Analysis (%) for C₁₈H₂₇NO₄·HCl·1/2 H₂O: Calcd. (Found); C, 58.93 (58.75); H, 7.97 (7.75); N, 3.82 (4.02). Example 33-35 Other new compounds (Examples 33-35) prepared by the same procedure as in Example 32 are listed in Table 2. Example 36 2-[4-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)butyl]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid A mixture of ethyl 5-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)pentanimidate hydrochloride (3.0 g) and ethyl 3,4-diaminobenzoate (1.4 g) in ethanol (40 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. To the mixture was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (1.6 g/30 ml of water) and the resulting mixture was refluxed for 40 minutes. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the mixture was poured into ice-water, acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The extract was evaporated and the resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-ethanol (9:1), to give the title compound (2.0 g, 58.1 %) as amorphous powder, mp 98-100 °C. Analysis (%) for C₂₃H₂₆N₂O₅: Calcd. (Found); C, 67.30 (67.14); H, 6.38 (6.40); N, 6.82 (6.85). Examples 37-39 Other new compounds (Examples 37-39) prepared by the same procedure as in Example 36 are listed in Table 3. The compounds of this invention exhibit a powerful antagonizing effect on LTD₄ in the isolated guinea pig ileum. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that they exhibit remarkable effectiveness when administrated orally. Male Hartley guinea pigs weighing about 450 g were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg,i.p.). The change in transpulmonary pressure was measured by the method of Konzett-Rössler (J. Harvey, et al., J. Pharmacol. Method. 9. 147-155, 1983) under an artificial ventilation. The animals were treated with indomethacin (10 mg/kg,i.v.) and propranolol (1 mg/kg,i.v.). The bronchoconstrictor response was obtained by bolus injection of leukotriene D₄(3 µg/kg,i.v.). The test compounds were suspended in 5 % Gum Arabic solution ond orally administrated 2 hours before the challenge with leukotriene D₄. As shown in Table 4, the compounds of the invention inhibited bronchoconstrictor response at oral doses lower than that of the reference compound. Example Dose (mg/kg,p.o.) Inhibition (%) 1 100 47.8 200 63.3 6 200 40.5 11 25 27.6 50 73.1 100 84.6 12 200 33.3 24 200 57.1 36 100 44.6 200 88.6 Ref. 1 400 19.5 It is well-known that FPL55712, a typical leukotriene antagonist can exhibit no effect when administered orally (P. Sheard et al: Monogr. Allergy, P. 244-248, S. Karger, 1977). Accordingly, the compounds of the invention are useful for the diseases in which leukotrienes play an important role, such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, or urticaria.

Claims: Claims for the following Contracting States : BE, CH, DE, FR, GB, IT, LI, NL, SE Benzimidazole derivatives represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹ indicates a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a dimethylaminopropyl group, R² indicates a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R³ indicates a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X indicates a sulfur atom, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an amino group or a methylene group, and A indicates an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which alkylene group may optionally be substituted by hydroxy groups or lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or -(CHR') n -CR" = CR" - (CHR') m -, (in which R' and R" are each independently hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or hydroxy groups, and n and m are equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3); their acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1, and X indicates a sulfur atom; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (II): wherein R¹ and R³ have the meanings specified in claim 1, with the compounds represented by the following general formula (III): or general formula (III'): wherein A has the meanings specified in claim 1 and Z indicates a leaving group. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R² and A have the meanings specified in claim 1, R³ indicates a hydrogen atom and X indicates a methylene group; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (IV): wherein R¹ has the meaning specified in claim 1, with the compounds represented by the following general formula (V): wherein R² has the meanings specified in claim 1, A' indicates X-A or CH₂-A (in which X and A have the meanings specified in claim 1), and R⁴ indicates a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R², R³ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1 and X indicates a sulfinyl group or a sulfonyl group; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises oxidizing the compounds represented by the general formula (I): wherein R¹, R², R³ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1 and X indicates a sulfur atom. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³, A and X have the meanings specified in claim 1 and R² indicates a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³, A and X have the meanings specified in claim 1 and R² indicates a hydrogen atom, with acid halides or acid anhydrides. A compound represented by the following general formula (V): wherein R² has the meanings specified in claim 1, A' indicates X-A or CH₂-A (in which X and A have the meanings specified in claim 1), and R⁴ indicates a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and their acid salts. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (V): wherein R², R⁴ and A' have the meanings specified in claim 6; and the acid salts thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (VI): wherein R² and A' have the meanings specified in claim 6, with alcoholic hydrogen chloride. Claims for the following Contracting State : ES A process for the preparation of benzimidazole derivatives represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹ indicates a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a dimethylaminopropyl group, R³ indicates a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, A indicates an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which alkylene group may optionally be substituted by hydroxy groups or lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or -(CHR') n -CR" = CR" - (CHR') m -, (in which R' and R" are each independently hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or hydroxy groups, and n and m are equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3) and X indicates a sulfur atom; the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (II): wherein R¹ and R³ have the meanings specified above, with the compounds represented by the following general formula (III): or general formula (III'): wherein A has the meanings specified above and Z indicates a leaving group. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1, R² indicates a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R³ indicates a hydrogen atom and X indicates a methylene group; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (IV): wherein R¹ has the meaning specified above, with the compounds represented by the following general formula (V): wherein R² has the meanings specified above, A' indicates X-A or CH₂-A (in which X and A have the meanings specified above), and R⁴ indicates a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1, R² indicates a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and X indicates a sulfinyl group or a sulfonyl group; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises oxidizing the compounds represented by the general formula (I): wherein R¹, R², R³ and A have the meanings specified above and X indicates a sulfur atom. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³ and A have the meanings specified in claim 1, X indicates a sulfur atom, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an amino group or a me-thylene group, R² indicates a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and the acid or alkali salts and hydrates thereof, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the general formula (I): wherein R¹, R³, A and X have the meanings specified above and R² indicates a hydrogen atom, with acid halides or acid anhydrides. A process for the preparation of the compounds represented by the following general formula (V): wherein A' indicates X-A or CH₂-A (in which X indicates a sulfur atom, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an amino group or a methylene group and A has the meanings specified in claim 1), R² indicates a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R⁴ indicates a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and their acid salts, which comprises reacting the compounds represented by the following general formula (VI): wherein R² and A' have the meanings specified above, with alcoholic hydrogen chloride.

Inventors: AWANO, KATSUYA, MASUZAWA, KUNIYOSHI, NISHINO, KEIGO, OHASHI, MITSUO, OKAMURA, KYUYA
Applicants: KYORIN PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1988
Main classification: C07D235
IPC codes: C07D235