Method of identifying frame numbers of photographic film

Abstract: A photographic film is provided with decimal numbers and bar codes both representative of serial frame numbers. When a sensor reads a bar code, measurement of the advanced length of a photographic film is started to obtain a distance of either the bar code or the decimal number relative to the sensor. After the positioning of a frame to be printed in a film framing mask at the printing station, a frame number represented by a decimal number or bar code whose moved distance is within a predetermined range of distances is drawn, thereby identifying the picture frame in the film framing mask to have the drawn frame number.

Description: Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of identifying a frame number of a picture frame of a photographic film according to the preamble of claim 1. More particularly the present invention relates to a method of identifying a frame number of a photographic film placed in a film framing mask, which method is used in a photographic printer, a negative film inspection apparatus, a numbering apparatus for printing frame numbers on prints or the like. Disk films now available have a circular arrangement of exposable frames at regular angular intervals or spacings, each exposable frame being attached with a decimal number and a binary bar code both of which are latent image and represent a serial frame number. In a disk film printing system, the binary bar code is read with a bar code sensor or bar code reader to print a number in decimal figure representative of the serial frame number of each eaxposed frame of the disk film on the back surface of a print. Moreover, when providing extra prints of an exposed frame, required operation for the disk film printing system is only to enter data on the serial frame number of the picture frame to be printed and the number of extra prints to be made from the picture frame. The disk film printing system reads binary codes based on the entered data to identify the serial frame number of picture frame and then places automatically a picture frame having the specified serial frame number at a printing station. The disk film printing system, thereafter, provides automatically prints as many as requested. Since the positions of respective exposed frames of a disk film are specifically fixed, the exposed frames and their frame numbers completely coincide with each other. However, a roll of photographic film, e.g. a 35 mm. size negative film, is loaded in different positions in a camera, and exposed frames are often out of registry from the predetermined exposable frames correspondingly. Consequently the frame numbers printed on the film has no one-to-one correspondence to the images, leading to many inconveniences. For instance, if extra prints of a picture frame are requested, a print made at the time the negative film is developed is visually compared with the negative film to identify the picture frame to be reprinted its frame number. For easy identification of the frame number of a picture frame from which a print has been made, an apparatus is known being enabled to print the frame number of a picture frame on the print at the time of first printing. For example, according to the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.56-128,933 and using a method according to the preamble of claim 1, a mark is recorded on the center line of the first picture frame of a negative film and, thereafter, the frame number of each picture frame at the printing station is specified based on a advanced length of the negative film after detection of the mark. The specified frame number is then printed either on the peripheral margin of a print of the picture frame or on the back surface of the print by using a number printer. Otherwise, an apparatus such as disclosed for example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.52-111,718 is used. In this apparatus, if extra prints of a picture frame are requested, the frame number of a picture frame to be printed is read with an optical character reader, such as an image sensor, to identify the requested picture frame and to place the picture frame having the identified frame number in position in the film framing mask at the printing station in order to make prints as many as requested. A problem associated with the above described apparatus is the necessity of recording a start mark or of providing a complicated optical character reader. Such a problem may be solved by way of providing latent image bar codes indicating the frame numbers which are optically printed in manufacturing a film aside the respective exposable frames of the negative film in the similar manner as manufacturing the above noted disk films. A bar code can be read with an optical sensor disposed on the passage of the negative film to identify the frame number of a picture frame positioned in the film framing mask at the printing station. Although the provision of bar codes makes it easy to read frame numbers, it is, however, still hard to form an image at each exposable frame in proper registry with the frame-corresponding bar code. In US-4,659,213 a method for detecting photographic image information is described in which image imformation corresponding to all areas of the original film as pixel units obtained by segmenting a frame of the film and marginal information which has been recorded outside of the frame of the original film is detected while the frame is detected at one position. It is the object of the present invention to provide a method of identifying a frame number of a picture frame of a photographic film placed in a film framing mask at a printing station in accordance with the preamble of claim 1, which method is improved over the prior art. This object is solved by the features indicated in claim 1. Brief Description of the Drawings The above objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates the positional relation among a film mask, a bar code sensor and a negative film which shows the principal scope of the method of placing a picture frame in the film mask at the printing station according to the present invention; Figure 2 is an illustration showing a placement of latent image bar code indicating a frame number; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a photographic printer embodying a method according to the present invention; Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a part of a controller shown in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a flow chart showing the procedure of printing process; Figure 6 illustrates the positional relation similar to that shown in Figure 1, wherein a negative film is formed with notches in connection with picture frames to be printed; Figure 7 a block diagram showing a part of a controller, similar to Figure 4, embodying a method according to another embodiment of the present invention in which a picture frame is placed in position at the printing station by detecting a notch attached to the picture frame to be printed; Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the procedure of printing process according to the method of Fig. 7; Figure 9 illustrates the positional relation similar to that shown in Figure 1, wherein an edge sensor is provided to detect edges of picture frames; Figure 10 a block diagram showing a part of a controller, similar to Figure 4, embodying a method according to still another embodiment of the present invention in which a picture frame is placed in position at the printing station by detecting an image of the picture frame to be printed; Figure 11 is a flow chart showing the procedure of printing process according to the method of Fig. 10; Figure 12 illustrates the positional relation similar to that shown in Figure 6, wherein a negative film is formed with notches in connection with picture images to be printed; Figure 13 a block diagram showing a part of a controller, similar to Figure 4, embodying a method according to a further embodiment of the present invention in which a picture frame is placed in position at the printing station by the use of one of several picture-frame-positioning means selected in order of a predetermined priority; Figure 14 is a flow chart showing the procedure of printing process according to the method of Fig. 13; Detailed Description of the Invention Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a negative film 2 viewed from the back. At a distance L from the center of the film framing mask 7, there is a bar code sensor 6 disposed near and after the film framing mask 7 at a printing station of a printer for reading bar codes. In this embodiment, a line image sensor is preferably used as the bar code sensor 6. However, other suitable sensors can be used in dependence upon types of bar code systems. The negative film 2 has bar codes 3 representing frame numbers (which are hereinunder referred to as frame number bar codes) in one side margin thereof and DX bar codes 4 representing a photographic character of the negative film 2. In addition to these bar codes 3 and 4, there are frame numbers in decimal figures in both of the side margins thereof. Each picture frame is attached with two same frame numbers 5 in each side margin, one of which accompanies an reference character of "A". The presence or absence of a code bar of the frame number bar code can be detected by the bar code sensor 6 during the advancement of the negative film 2. This bar code sensor 6 can be a line sensor disposed along a direction of the advancement of film or sensor unit having two light receiving elements spaced apart by the minimum width of code bar. The two element sensor unit detects the width of code bar by judging whether the two light receiving elements provide outputs of a same level. If only one light receiving element is used, the width of code bar can be detected based on an output therefrom with reference to the speed of advancement of the negative film 2. As will be described later, the frame number bar code 3 includes an entry code bar in transverse alignment with the entry code bar of the DX code 4. Therefore, it is possible to read the data on a frame number by detecting the presence of a bar code in the clock track of the DX code 4. A DX sensor for reading the DX code 4 is disposed in the passage of the negative film 2. To this end, two sensors, each being consisting of four light receiving units arranged in two rows and two columns, can be mounted on both sides of the passage of the negative film 2 and on one side of the film framing mask 7, or four sensors can be mounted, two on each side of the film framing mask 7. Fig. 2 shows an example of a frame number bar code. As well known in the art, various bar code systems are known in various fields; for example, "Interleaved 2 of 5", "Industrial 2 of 5", and "Code 3 of 9" as a bi-level bar code system, and "UPC" and the like as a multi-level bar code system. Any one of these bar code systems can be used in this invention. In this embodiment, "Code 3 of 9" is used for the five-bit data array 3a. In addition, entry and exit zones 3b and 3c are provided on the opposite sides of the data zone 3a, respectively, to allow the identification of the first and last bit bar of the data zone 3a. "Code 3 of 9" consists of wide and narrow bars and blanks alternately arranged; the wider bar representing a binary number in 1's and the narrower bar representing a binary number 0's. As well known in the art, "Code 3 of 9" does not represent a binary number so that odd or even of a decimal number cannot be determined from the last bit bar. The frame number bar code 3 of the data zone 3a shown in Fig. 2 represents "001001100" in the binary system and means "24" in the decimal system. The correspondence between frame number bar codes (indicated by decimal number for convenience sake) and frame numbers is given in Table I by way of example. Both a length A of the frame number bar code 3 and a distance B from the center of the frame number 5 to the start bit 3b are predetermined and constant. Therefore, a distance C between the frame number 5 and the bar cord of the array is constant. Furthermore, the pitches between each two adjacent frame number bar code 3 and between each two adjacent frame numbers 5 are constant, respectively, and take a value D . In Fig. 1, upon the bar code reader 6 reads a frame number bar code 3, the measurement of the negative film 2 is started to detect the length of advancement of the negative film 2 simultaneously with the storing of data on the read frame number bar code 3, so that a distance by which the frame number bar code 3 is displaced from the position of the bar code sensor 6. The measurement of advanced length of the negative film 2 is effected referring either to the entry bar 3b or to the exit bar 3c. Therefore, the advanced length of the negative film 2 can be known by adding to a detected length the distance B in the case of using the entry bar 3b or the distance C in the case of using the exit bar 3c. In this embodiment, since the distance L between the bar code sensor 6 and the center of the film framing mask 7 is designed to be a half of the two times and half of the length of picture frame, locations of five frame number bar codes can be detected simultaneously. Because picture frames 2a of the negative film 2 are arranged in line substantially at regular spacings or pitches, the negative film 2 is intermittently advanced by a length as long as a unit regular pitch. If the picture frame 2a is not accurately positioned in the film framing mask 7, the picture frame 2a is slightly moved back or forth to adjust in position. For this end, a fine adjusting key is manually operated. After the accurate positioning of the picture frame 2a, a frame number can be identified by detecting two of the five frame number bar codes 3 which are within a distance L₃ between the limits defined by a distance L₀ from the center of the film framing mask 7. This can be effected by detecting the frame number bar codes within the distance L₂ and out of the distance L₁. The distance L₃ is to be slightly longer than both a unit pitch at which the frame number 5 is disposed in the margins of the negative film 2 and shorter than the length of picture frame. If two frame numbers are detected simultaneously, either one without the indication "A" or one whose advanced length is more close to the length L than the other is selected. If the distance L₃ is made equal to the length of picture frame, it is necessary to change the length L₃ according to the sizes of picture frames; half size frame and full size frame. In detecting the advanced position of the frame number bar code 3, it is apparent that one is on the right side of the center of the film framing mask 7, the corresponging frame number 5 is relatively close to the center of the film framing mask 7 and that, on the other hand, one is on the left side of the center of the film framing mask 7, the corresponding frame number 5 is relatively far from the center of the film framing mask 7. Therefore, if detecting the position of the exit bar 3c, the right side extremity from center of the film framing mask 7 must be expanded by the length C . Referring now to Fig. 3, there is shown a photographic color printer with which a method of specifying frame numbers of film according to the present invention is applied. As shown, there are three complementary color filters 11, 12 and 13, namely cyan, magenta and yellow. Each color filter 11, 12, 13 is controllably insertable independently of the other two between an illumination lamp 10 and a mixing box 14 which comprises a square hollow tube having inner mirrored walls 14a and top and bottom diffusion plates 14b. The white light from the lamp 10 passes through the color filters 11, 12 or 13 to regulate each color component of the white light into the mixing box14 and is diffused thereby. The diffused light, after passing through a color negative film 2 placed between a film holder 17 and a film framing mask 7 so as to be held flat in the printing station, is focussed on a color photographic paper 37 by means of a printing lens 36 to create a latent image of the negative film 2 under the control of a shutter 39 which is controlled by a shutter controller 38 to open and close. The negative film 2 is advanced from the left to the right relative to the printing station during film inspection, and from the right to the left during printing, respectively, by means of pairs of feed rollers 19 and 20 disposed on both sides of the printing station. The feed rollers 19 and 20 are cooperatively rotated in the normal or reverse direction by a pulse motor 23 through chains or the like. The film framing mask 7 is disposed over the film holder 17 at the printing station to press down the negative film 18 against the film holder 17 and maintain it flat. The film framing mask 7 has a framing aperture 7a formed therein to define an image area corresponding in size to the picture frame 2a of the negative film, as well known. The film framing mask 7 is lifted up and down by a solenoid (not shown) to allow the film 2 to move and to press the film 18 against the film holder 17 while it is inspected or printed. The bar code sensor 6 is disposed after the feed rollers 20. An image sensor 30 constructed of a lens 32 and an image area sensor 33 is disposed obliquely above the printing station to measure three color components of the transmitted light from each point of the negative image of the picture frame of the negative film 2 placed in position at the printing station. Output signals from the sensor 30, after being translated into a mean transmission density, maximum and minimum densities and the like for each color, are sent to a controller 35. The printing lens 36 is disposed above the printing station to project a negative image of each picture frame of the negative film 2 onto the photographic paper 37. A framing mask 40 is disposed between the printing lens 36 and the photographic paper 37. The photographic paper 37 is withdrawn a roll of photographic paper 41 by one picture frame, and advanced by means of a guide roller 40 and a pair of rollers 44 driven by a pulse motor 43. A cutter 45 is provided after the framing mask 40 to cut the photographic paper 37 exposed to print strips each including a predetermined number of picture frames. The paper strip is sent to a photographic processor 46 where it is subjected to photographic processing, cut into individual prints by a cutter 47 and delivered into a tray 48. A number printer 50 actuated printing signals from the controller 35 is disposed just after the exposure position to print frame numbers on the back of the photographic paper 37 after exposure. The frame number is printed, for example, in the form of a dot pattern. Instead of the number printer 48, a character printing unit such as having a liquid crystal panel, a light emission diode array or the like can be used to print frame numbers of, for example, dot pattern, in one side white margin of the photographic paper simultaneously with negative image printing. Alternatively, a character printing apparatus can be provided in addition to the photographic printing apparatus, which character printing apparatus reads and store frame numbers in a floppy disk or the like. The floppy disk and the developed photographic paper are set in the character printing apparatus to print the frame numbers on the developed photographic paper. Then, the photographic paper is cut into the respective prints. The direction and the number of rotations of the pulse motors 23 and 43 are controlled by means of the drivers 51 and 52, respectively, under the control of the controller 35. The controller 35 mainly consists of a microcomputer controls the filter controller 15, the shutter controller 38 and other necessary elements, and also an exposure based on the large area transmittance density of each picture frame. A keyboard 53 is provided with a fine adjustment key 54 for acurately positioning the negative film 2, a pass key 55 for passing over a picture frame which is not needed to print, a print start key 56 for initiating the printing process, a correction keys 57 and 58 for entering correction data regarding density and color, respectively, an alphanumeric key 59. The fine adjustment key 54 includes two keys 54a and 54b for the advancement of the negative film back and forth, respectively. Fig. 4 shows details of an essential part of the controller 35, for use in reading and printing a frame number. As was previously described, the negative film 18 is printed with the frame number bar code 3 in one side margin thereof, and the DX code 4 on the other side margin thereof. The frame number 5 is printed in both side margins of the film 18. The frame number bar code 3 is read with the bar code sensor 6 and converted into binary numerical data with a decoder 62, which data are stored in a memory 63. The memory 63 has two memory sections, each having, for example, five memories 64a - 64e, 65a - 65e for storing five frame numbers and the numbers of drive pulses corresponding the frame numbers. The respective frame number memories 64a - 64e renew their binary numerical data with the binary numerical data stored in the adjacent memories prior to and every time storing a new binary numerical data in the memory 64a. The respective drive pulse number memories 65a - 65e store the number of pulses needed to move the negative film to detect the corresponding frame numbers. The data stored in the memory is changed by an increment of one every time the driver 51 receives one driving pulse. The drive pulse number memories 65a - 65b therefore constitute frame number counters. Since the drive pulse number memories, in this embodiment, start to store or count drive pulses upon the bar code sensor 6 detects the exit bar 3c, the drive number memories 65a - 65e are preset to the number of pulses corresponding to the length C shown in Fig. 2 and then change the counted numbers by increment of one. It is of course that the data of each drive pulse number memory 65 is shifted into upper memory with the shift in the frame number memory 64. Because the frame number bar codes 3 are at regular pitches and located at a preselected or predetermined position relative to the frame numbers 5, each of the memory sections 64 and 65 can be permitted to have only one memory, for example the memory 65a, 65a. In this case, the latest binary numerical data and the number of drive pulses corresponding to the binary numerical data are stored in the memories 64a and 65a, respectively. The data in the memory 65a is increasingly renewed by the number of drive pulse corresponding to the pitch at which the frame number bar code 3 is arranged and the data in the memory 64a is changed by increment of one to detect a frame number close to the film framing mask 7. A frame identifying section 66 retrieves the binary numerical data corresponding the number of drive pulses within a certain range of numbers of driving pulses from the memory 63 when the picture frame 2a of the negative film 2 is placed in the printing station and then writes it in a memory 67. The binary numerical data stored in the memory 67 is decoded by a decoder 68 and translated or decoded into a frame number. According to the translated or decoded frame number, the number printer 50 prints the frame number on the back surface of the exposed color photographic paper 37 advanced to the number printer 50. A motor control circuit 70 provides a predetermined number of drive pulses upon starting or after printing and sends them to the drive pulse number memory section 65a - 65e and the driver 51. The driver 51 controls the pulse motor 23 to rotate through a certain number of revolutions so as to advance the negative film 2 by a certain distance. Even when the fine adjusting key 54 is operated, the motor control circuit 70 provides divided drive pulses to cause the pulse motor 23 to rotate slowly. The memories 65a - 65e count up or down the drive pulses thus provided according to the directions of rotation of the pulse motor 23. Operation of the photographic printer with which the present invention is applied and described above will be described with reference to Fig. 5 in association with Fig. 3. When turning a power switch (not shown) on after having placed the negative film 2 over the film holder 7, the motor control circuit 70 is actuated to provide drive pulses. With the application of the drive pulses, the pulse motor 23 starts its rotation to advance the negative film 2 in a direction shown by an arrow in Fig. 3. During the advancement of the negative film 2, the bar code sensor 6 reads one frame number bar code 3 printed on the side margin of the negative film 2. Synchronously with the reading of frame number bar code, the drive pulses applied to the pulse motor 23 are counted and the pulse number 65a stores the counted number of the drive pulses while the frame number memory 64 stores a binary numerical data into which the frame number bar code 3 thus read is translated or decoded by the decoder 62. This counted number stored in the memory 65a is changed and renewed by increment of one every time the driver 51 receives one drive pulse When the bar code sensor 6 reads another frame number bar code 3 next to the frame number bar code 3 already read, the binary numerical data in the frame number memory 64a is shifted into the upper one, namely the frame number memory 64b and simultaneosly the number of drive pulses in the drive pulse number memory 65a is shifted into upper one, namely the drive pulse number memory 65b. The memory 65b continues to count drive pulses adding to the shifted number of drive pulses. After shifting the number of drive pulses, the memories 64a memories the number of driving pulses corresponding to the binary numerical data. In the same manner, the shifting and renewing of binary numerical data and the drive pulse counting are effected. When the motor control circuit 70 provides a predetermined number of drive pulses, the pulse motor 23 stops its rotation to suspend advancement of the negative film 2. Thereafter, the negative film 2 is examined to place the picture frame 2a in position in the film framing mask 7. If in fact the negative film 2 is out of position, the fine adjusting key 54 is operated to correct the negative film 2 in position so as to place the picture frame 2a properly in the film framing mask 2. Responding to the operation of the find adjusting key 54, the motor control circuit 70 provided a direction signal indicating a direction in which the pulse motor 23 is to rotate and drive pulses. According to the direction signal and the drive pulses, the pulse motor 23 rotates slowly in the direction indicated by an arrow in which the fine adjusting key 54 is pushed, so as to move the negative film forwardly or backwardly. Each of the drive pulse number counter 65a - 65b increment or decrement by the drive pulses provided as a result of the operation of the fine adjusting key 54. Then, the negative film 2 at the printing station is observed to determine whether the picture frame 2a of the negative film 2 is to be printed or not and whether the picture frame 2a of the negative film 2 may produce a subject failure in its print. If no print of the picture frame 2a is needed due to, for example, an out-of-focus image, the pass key 55 is operated to advance the negative film 2a so as to replace the picture frame 2a with another one. If it is expected that a print made from the picture frame 2a will be accompanied with a subject failure and therefore will have poor color density and/or color balance, then the color and density correction keys 57 and 58 are operated to manually enter exposure correction data. When operating the print key 56, the image sensor 30 measures the negative image of the picture frame 2a to detect data of a large area transmittance density, maximum and minimum density for each color and each data is send to the controller 35. In the controller 35, an exposure for the picture frame 2a is calculated using the data detected automatically and the exposure correction data manually inputted. According to the resultant exposure, the filter controller 17 controls the filters 11 - 13, independently and the lamp 10 is excited to emit light at its full rate for a predetermined time. Then, the shutter controller 38 controls the shutter 39 to open for an appropriate time, so as to expose the photographic paper 37. After the completion of printing the picture frame 2a, the frame identifying section 66 selects binary numerical data in one of the memories 64a - 64e corresponding to one of memories 65a - 65e whose count of drive pulses is within certain limits and sends the binary numerical data to the memory 67. If the negative film 2 has 35 mm full size frames and there are two binary numerical data within the certain limits, the memory 67 selects and stores binary numerical data not including the indication "A". On the other hand, if the negative film 2 has 35 mm half size frames and there are two binary numerical data within the certain limits, the memory 67 stores both of the two binary numerical data. The controller 35 then cause the pulse motor 43 to rotate, withdrawing the photographic paper 37 by one picture frame to place the unexposed portion in position at the exposure station. Thereafter, the controller 35 reads out the binary numerical data from the memory 67 and sends it to the decoder 68 to translate into data of frame number with reference to Table I and sends it to the number printer 50. The number printer 50 drives the printing head in accordance with the inputted data of frame number to print a frame number on the back surface of the print of the first picture frame. Each picture frame is printed in the similar manner as described above. After a predetermined number of picture frames have been printed on the photographic paper 37, the cutter 45 operates to cut the exposed portion of the photographic paper 37 and sends it to the photographic processor 46. The exposed, cut-off photographic paper is then subjected to the photographic processing at this processor 46 and, thereafter, cut into strips of picture frames to be ejected out into the tray 48. Referring now to Figs. 6 to 8, showing still another embodiment of the present invention which is applied to the color printer shown in Fig. 3. A particular feature of this embodiment is to identify a frame number of a picture frame of a negative film with side notches in position at a printing station. By detecting a side notch of the negative film at the center of the film framing mask with a notch sensor, the negative film is stopped. A frame number of the picture frame at the printing station is specified by a frame number existing within predetermined limits defined based on a distance between the bar coded sensor and the center of the film framing mask. As shown in Fig. 6, a negative film 2 is formed with semi-circular notches 1, one for each picture frame which is to be printed. The notch 1 is formed in the side margin where the DX bar code 4 is printed and located at the center of the picture frame of the negative film 2. At a certain distance from the center of the film framing mask 7 there is provided a notch sensor 90 to detect the notch 1. In this embodiment, the notch sensor 90 is at the same distance L as but opposite to the bar code sensor 6 relative to the negative film 2. These bar code sensor 6 and notch sensor 90 may be located at different distances from the center of the film framing mask 7. The notch sensor 90 detects the notch 1 to start measurement of the length of advancing negative film 2. The negative film 2, when advanced by a length equal to the distance between the notch sensor 90 and the center of the film framing mask 7, is stopped to place the picture frame 2a accompanied with a notch 1 in position in the film framing mask 7 at the printing station. In this embodiment, advanced distances of three notches 1 are measured at once and the negative film 2 is, therefore, continually advanced by a length equal to the distance between the two adjacent notches 1. Upon having positioned the picture frame 2a to be printed, the frame number of the picture frame 2a at the printing station can be specified by detecting two of the five frame number bar codes 3 which are within a distance L₃ between the limits defined by a distance L₀ from the center of the film framing mask 7. This can be effected by detecting the frame number bar codes within the distance L₂ and out of the distance L₁. Fig. 7 shows details of an essential part of the controller 35 for use in identifying and printing frame numbers. The number printer 50 is actuated in the same manner as described in connection with the embodiment in Fig. 4. The notch sensor 90 detects a notch 1 to provide a notch signal and sends it to notch counter means 81 through a selector 80. The notch counter means 81 includes three counters 81a - 81c which are selectively activated by the selector 80 to count drive pulses. Data on the number of drive pulses counted by the counters 81a - 81c are transferred to a comparator 82 to be compared with data on numbers of drive pulses corresponding to a distance L between the center of the film framing mask 7 and the notch sensor 90 stored in a memory 83. When the data of any one of the counters 81a - 81c becomes coincident with the data stored in the memory 83, the comparator 82 provides a coincident signal and sends it to the reset-terminal R of a flip-flop 84 so as to thereby reset the flip-flop 84. Upon resetting the flip-flop 84, the output terminal Q changes its output signal level to high "L", changing output signal levels of OR and AND gates 85 and 86 to low "L", respectively. Consequently the AND gate 86 shuts off drive pulses to pass therethrough to stop the pulse motor 23, stopping the negative film 2. At this time, the notch 1 attached to the picture frame 2a to be printed is located at the center of the film framing mask 7. Operating the manual advancing key 54, a direction signal indicating a direction in which the pulse motor 23 is to be rotated is sent to driver 51 though the OR gate 87 and to the OR gate 85. As a result, the AND gate 86 opens to pass drive pulses, driving the pulse motor 23 in the direction according to the direction signal sent thereto so as to advance manually the negative film 2. The pulse motor 23 rotates in the normal direction to advance the negative film 2 forwardly when the OR gate 87 provides a high level output "H" and, on the other hand, in the reverse direction to advance backwardly when the OR gate 87 provides a low level output "L". Since the OR gate 87 is connected to the flip-flop 84 at the Q terminal, the pulse motor 23 rotates in the normal direction at the end of printing of each picture frame. Sequential operation of the photographic printer with which the frame identifying method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to Fig. 8 in association with Figs. 3 and 7. After the inspection of picture frames of the negative film 2 and having set the negative film 2 in the film framing mask 7 and the punched tape 92 in the tape reader 93, the automatic operation key 91 and then the print key 56 are operated. The flip-flop 84 is set, causing the pulse motor 23 to rotate in the normal direction so as to advance the negative film forwardly as shown by an arrow in Fig. 6. During the advancement of the negative film 2, the bar code sensor 6 reads frame number bar code 3 printed on the side margin of the negative film 2 to provide frame number bar code signals. The frame number bar code signals are sent to the decoder 62 and are translated or decoded into binary numerical data therein and then stored in the frame number memory 64a. In the same manner as described in connection with the previous embodiments, the selected binary numerical data is finally converted into frame number data with the decoder 68 and sent to the number printer 50. The notch counter means 81 starts to count drive pulses every time the notch sensor 90 detects a notch 1 during the forward advancement of the negative film 2. When the counted number with any one of the counters 81a - 81c becomes coincident with the number stored in the memory 83, the comparator 82 provides a high high level output "H", resetting the flip-flop 84 to close the AND gate 86 so as to stop the pulse motor 23, and hence the negative film 2, to thereby place the detected notch 1 at the center of the film framing mask 7. After the positioning the negative film 2, exposure correction data for the picture frame 2a associated with the detected notch 1 is read from the punched tape 92 with the tape reader 93 and inputted into the controller 35. Then, the image sensor 30 measures the picture frame 2a to detect a large area transmittance density of the picture frame 2a for each color and sent it to the controller 35. In the controller an exposure is calculated based on the detected large area transmittance density data and the exposure correction data from the punched data tape 92 for each color. According to the calculated exposures, the filter controller 17 controls the filters 11 - 13, independently, and the lamp 10 is excited to emit light at its full rate for a predetermined time. Then, the shutter controller 38 controls the shutter 39 to open for an appropriate time, so as to expose the photographic paper 37. Thereafter, the exposed color paper 37 is subjected to frame number printing, development and cutting in the same manner as described in connection with the previous exempraly embodiment. In performing manual printing, the color and density correction keys 57 and 58 are operated to enter color and density correction data into the photographic printer after positioning the individual picture frame. Thereafter, the print key 56 is operated to effect the above-described sequential operation and becomes ready for the next printing after positioning the next picture frame with a notch 1. Referring now to Figs. 9 to 11, showing another embodiment of the present invention which is applied to the color printer shown in Fig. 3. A particular feature of this embodiment is to detect a negative film in position at a printing station by detecting front and rear edge of a picture frame of the negative film with an image sensor for measuring three color components of the transmitted light from each point of the negative image of the picture frame of the negative film placed in position at the printing station. As shown in Fig. 9, the image sensor 30 is disposed to sight the center of the film framing mask 7 for detecting an edges 9a and 9b of the picture frame 2a of the negative film 2 advancing in a direction shown by an arrow in Fig. 9 as well as three color components of passed light through the picture frame 2a. When the image sensor 30 detects the frame edges 9a and 9b at predetermined or preselected positions relative to the film framing mask 7, respectively, the negative film 2 is stopped to be placed in position in the film framing mask 7 at the printing station. Fig. 10 shows details of an essential part of the controller 35, for use in identifying and printing frame numbers. As was previously described, the negative film 2 is printed with the frame number bar code 3 in one side margin thereof, and the DX code 4 on the other side margin thereof. The frame number 5 is printed in both side margins of the film 2. The frame number bar code 3 is read with the bar code sensor 6. After storing temporarily the output singal from the bar code sensor 6 in a buffer memory 91, it is converted into binary numerical data with the decoder 62, the binary numerical data being stored in a memory 63. The image sensor 30, as is well known in the art, comprises a large number of pixels arranged in a matrix which convert incident light thereupon into electric signals and accumulate them in the form of as electric charge. The electric signals accumulated in the respective pixels are periodically read out to provide time-serial signals. The time-serial signals are converted into a digital form by an A/D converter 110 at at timing synchronized with reading out the electric charges from the image sensor 30. The digital signals are converted into a digital form by a logarithmic transformer 111 to provide density signals, in particular to signals representative of values proportional to densities and then sent to a comparator 112. As is well known, unexposed portion of the negative film 2 has a base density value lower than density values of exposed frames of the negative film 2. According to the fact, an exposed frame can be detected by comparing the density value of an exposed frame with the base density value. For this end, a comparator 112 is provided having a threshold level representative of a density value slightly higher than the base density value to convert a density signals of each pixel of the picture frame from the logarithmic transformer 111 into a binary signal. Data of the binary signal is stored in a frame memory 113. The frame memory 113 stores data of the binary signals in synchronism with the reading out of electric charges from the image sensor 30. As is illustratively shown in Fig. 10, a shadowed area of the frame memory 113 is allocated to one picture frame. A frame identifying section 114 reads out binary signals for one line from the frame memory 113 to detect positions of the front and rear edges 9a and 9b of each picture frame and to find the center of the picture frame which lies halfway between the front and rear edges 9a and 9b. Since picture frames have indistinctive edges if exposed under artificial light, it is preferred to read out binary signals for a plurality of, for example three, lines, namely upper, middle and lower lines to find the center of a picture frame. Ar the time the center of the picture frame reaches the center position of the frame memory PL, the negative is stopped. For stopping gently the pulse motor 23, the pulse motor 23 begins to decelerate at a time the front edge 9a reaches a preselected point, for example the center position PL of the frame memory 113. A motor control circuit 115, under the presence of a print end signal, provides periodically drive pulses and sends them to the drive pulse number memory section 65a - 65e and the driver 51 and simultaneously a direction signal indicating a direction of rotation to driver 51. The driver 51, when the frame identifying section 114 provides a deceleration signal, increasingly changes the period at which the drive pulses are provided therefrom to control the pulse motor 23 to decelerate. The image sensor 30, after the negative film 2 is positioned to locate the picture frame in position, detects the three colour components of light passed through the picture frame. The output from the image sensor 30, namely density signals, are sent to a characteristic value drawing section 117 to draw characteristic values, such as large area transmittance density value, maximum and minimum density values, a density value of a specific area of the picture frame and the like, for each color. Based on these drawn characteristic values provided for the respective colors, an exposure calculating section 118 calculates exposure for each color for controlling color filters 11 - 13. Operation of the photographic printer with which the present invention is applied and described above will be described with reference to Fig. 11 in association with Figs. 3 and 10. In advancing the negative film 2, the image sensor 30 periodically reads also the picture frame in the film framing mask 7 to provide time-serial signals which are, after having been subjected to digital and logarithmic conversions, changed into binary numerical data with the comparator 112 and stored in the frame memory 113. Since the frame memory 113 stores data in synchronism with the reading the picture frame with the image sensor 30, it stores the latest binary numerical data. The frame identifying section 114 reads out binary numerical data for one line from the frame memory 113 to detect the front edge 9a of the picture frame 2a. When the front edge 9a reaches the center PL of the frame memory 113, the frame identifying section 114 provides a deceleration signal and applied it to the motor control circuit 115. Under the application of deceleration signal, the motor control circuit 115 periodically provides drive pulses with a period changed longer to slow down the pulse motor 23. The frame identifying section 114 also detects both the front and rear edges 9a and 9b to find the center of the picture frame and, when the center of picture frame reaches the position PL, provides a stop signal and sends it to the motor control circuit 115, stopping the pulse motor 23 to thereby placing the picture frame in position at the printing station. As was previously described, after the picture frame 2a of the negative film 2 is placed at the printing station, picture frame inspection, light measurement, color paper exposure, frame number printing, and exposed color paper development are executed in sequence. Because picture frames will often has indistinctive edges if they have been exposed under an artificial light, such as an electric flash light, it is preferred to identifying a picture frame with reference also to a fixed length of advancement of the negative film 2. In particular, if the image sensor 30 detects no edge even the negative film 2 is advanced by a length as long as a half of the pitch at which the picture frames are arranged, a frame identifying section 114 specifies the picture frame with reference to the length of advancement of the negative film 2 prior to the detection of the edges. In this case, when the negative film is advanced by a length as long as the pitch, the pulse motor 23 is stopped. Referring now to Figs. 12 to 14, showing an modification or improvement of the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 9 to 11. The improvement is suitable for printing a negative film strip. A negative film strip 2 includes a plurality of, for example six, picture frames. Such a negative film strip 2A is usually made from a 12, 24 or 36 exposure roll of developed film for the convenience of insertion into envelope. The leading edge 2f of the negative film strip 2 is detected with an edge sensor 120 located at a certain distance L₅ from the center of the film framing mask 7. Since the distance of each picture frame 2a - 2e from the leading edge 2f is previously known, each picture frame can be positioned by detecting an advanced length of the leading edge 2f of the negative film strip 2 after the detection of the leading edge 2f with the edge sensor 120. Fig. 13 shows details of an essential part of the controller 35, for use in identifying and printing frame numbers. In a large scale photographic laboratory, negative film strips are formed with notches aside picture frames which are to be printed in negative film inspection. When printing such a negative film strip with notches, the notch sensor 90 detect the notch to provide a signal which causes a counter 121 to count drive pulses from a motor control circuit 115. Upon the detection of a notch next to the detected notch, the counter 121 shifts its already counted value and restarts to count drive pulses. This means that the counter 121 can detects advanced lengths of two notches at once. A picture frame identifying section 122 decides whether the counter 121 has counted the number of drive pulses as many as sufficient to advance the negative film strip 2A by a distance L₄ between the film framing mask 7 and the notch sensor 90. The yes decision indicates that the picture frame to be printed is placed in position in the film framing mask 7 at the printing station. Then, the identification section 122 provides a set signal. If printing a negative film strip without notches, it is impossible to positioning a picture frame which has indistinctive edges. To avoid such an impossibility of positioning the film with indistinctive edges, a counter 123 is provided to be reset with a signal provided from the edge sensor 120 and thereafter to count drive pulses. As was previously noted, since the distance of each picture frame 2a - 2e from the leading edge 2f is predetermined, each picture frame can be positioned by measuring the advanced distance of the leading edge of the negative film strip 2A. For example, assuming that the picture frames are arranged at regular spacings of 2 mm and the length of picture frame is 36 mm, the distance between the leading edge 2f and the center of the picture frame 2a is 20 mm (18 + 2 mm). Accordingly, the first picture frame 2a of the negative film strip 2A can be positioned by stopping the advancement of the negative film strip 2A when the counter 123 counts up drive pulses as many as corresponding to L₅ + 20 mm The second picture frame 2b is at a distance 58 mm. (2 + 36 + 2 + 18 mm), it is positioned by stopping the advancement of the negative film strip 2A when when the counter 123 counts up drive pulses as many as corresponding to L₅ + 58 mm. A memory 124 stores data of the numbers of drive pulses corresponding to distances of the respective picture frames 2a, 2b, .... . from the leading edge 2f, namely the distances of (L₅ + 20) mm, (L₄ + 58) mm, ....... . An identifying section 125 checks the counted vale of the counter 123 with reference to the data in the memory 124 to provide a frame set signal. A set signal drawing section 126 draws frame set signals from the identifying sections 114, 122 and 125 in predetermined priority order, for example in order of notch detection, frame detection and leading edge detection. If the negative film strip 2A has notches, the notch detection is prior to the other two and the set signals drawing section 126 draws a frame set signal from the identifying section 122 to provide a stop signals to the motor control circuit 115, thereby stopping the pulse motor 23 to position the picture frame. If the negative film strip 2A has no notches, the frame detection is prior to the leading edge detection and the set signals drawing section 126 draws a frame set signal from the identifying section 114 to provide a stop signals to the motor control circuit 115, thereby stopping the pulse motor 23 to position the picture frame. In the case that it is hard to detect a picture frame with the image sensor 30, the set signals drawing section 126 draws a frame set signal from the identifying section 125 to provide a stop signals to the motor control circuit 115, thereby stopping the pulse motor 23 to position the picture frame. The motor control circuit 143, under the presence of a print end signal, provides a direction signal indicating a direction of rotation of the pulse motor 23 and sends it to the driver 51 simultaneously with periodic drive pulses which in turn are sent both to the driver 51, to drive pulse memories 65a - 65e and to the counters 121 and 123. In order to avoid rapid stopping of the pulse motor 23, it is preferred to monitor the advancement of picture frame so as to cause the identifying section 114, 122 or 125 to provide a deceleration signal with which the period of drive pulse is prolonged. Operation of the photographic printer with which the present invention is applied and described above will be described with reference to Fig. 14 in connection with Figs. 3 and 13. In the advancement of the negative film strip 2A, the edge sensor 120 detects the leading edge 2f of the negative film strip 2A to provide a signal. Upon the provision of the signal, the counter 123 is cuased to count drive pulses, thereby detecting an advanced length of the leading edge 2f of the negative film strip 2A. Because the negative film strip 2A shown in Fig. 12 is formed with no notches, the notch sensor 90 provides no notch signal and the counter 121 is not caused accordingly. Then, the identifying section 122 provides a signal indicating the absence of notch and sends it to the set signal drawing section 126. The image sensor 30 measures periodically a picture frame of the negative film strip 2A in the film framing mask 7 to provide time-serial signals which in turn are changed to binary numerical data with the comparator 112 after having been subjected to digital and logarithmic conversions and then stored in the frame memory 113. Since the frame memory 113 stores the binary numerical data in synchronism with the reading the picture frame with the image sensor 30, it stores the latest binary numerical data. The frame identifying section 114 provides an edge signal when detects both of the front and read edges 9a and 9b of the picture frame 2a and sends it to the set signal drawing section 126. The edge signal indicates that the positioning of picture frame is effective by way of frame image detection. The frame identifying section 114 also detects both of the front and rear edges 9a and 9b to find the center of the picture frame and, when the center of picture frame reaches the position PL, provides a set signal and sends it to the set signal drawing section 126. On the other hand, the frame identifying section 125 provides a set signal according to a position to which the leading edge 2f of the negative film strip 2A is advanced. Because the image frame detection has priority to the leading edge detection, the set signal drawing section 126 draws a set signal from the frame identifying section 114. The set signal drawing section 126 thus receiving the set signal provides a stop signal and sends it to the motor control circuit 115, stopping the pulse motor 23 to thereby placing the picture frame in position at the printing station. In a same manner as descrived avove, inspection of each picture frame and development of the exposed color paper are effected. Frames will often has indistinctive edges if they have been exposed under an artificial light, such as an electric flash light. In this case, the set signal drawing section 126 draws a set signal from the frame identification section 125 prior to the frame identification section 114. Therefore, the negative film strip 2A is positioned with reference to the distance data in the memory 124. In the case of negative film strips with side notches, the notch sensor 90 detects a notch to provide and send a notch signal to the counter 121. Consequently the counter 121 starts to count drive pulses at one counting section. When the notch sensor 90 detects another notch, it cause the counter 121 shifts the previous count of the one counting section to the other counting section and restarts to count drive pulses at the two counting sections. Upon the counter 121 starts its counting operation, the set signal drawing section 126 receives a signal indicating that the notch priority film positioning is possible. When a distance detected with the counter 121 becomes equal to the distance L₄ between the center of the film framing mask 7 and the notch sensor 90, a frame set signal is provided from the frame identifying section 122 and sent to the set signal drawing section 126. Then, the set signal drawing section 126 provides and sent a stop signal to the motor control circuit 115 to stop the pulse motor 23. In placing a picture frame at the printing station, it is permissible to manually place a picture frame in position in the film framing mask at the printing station while viewing the picture frame to be printed. In the above embodiments, the frame identifying method of the present invention is applied to a printer in order to print frame numbers. Instead of the printer, the present invention can be embodied in a printer to automatically position a picture frame of a negative film or film strip to be reprinted. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to negative film inspection apparatus. With such a negative film inspection apparatus, the exposure correction data or exposure amount data during the negative inspection process, and the identified frame number data are recorded or stored in a paper tape or a floppy disk. Such storage medium and the negative film are set in the photographic printing apparatus to print a photograph and a frame number. Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible within the scope of the following claims.

Claims: A method of identifying a frame number (5) of a picture frame (2a) of a photographic (2) film placed in a film framing mask (7) at a printing station, the photographic film (2) including a series of picture frames, comprising the steps of: moving said photographic film (2) past a detecting location (6) for detecting at least one reference point (3b;3c) on said film (2) moving towards the printing station; measuring the film movement from the time of detection of said reference point (3b;3c) to monitor the distance (L) between the reference point and the detecting location (6); determining the frame number (5) of a picture frame (2a) from said monitored distance (L) by using a stored relation between said distance and the numbers of picture frames, characterised by using a film (2) each picture frame of which is accompanied by a decimal number (5) and a bar code (3), both being representive of the respective frame number; moving the film (2) past the detecting location (6) by means of a pulse motor (23) driven by drive pulses applied thereto, the detecting location comprising a bar code detector; reading successive bar codes (3) and thereby detecting reference points (3b;3c) associated with the respective bar codes; keeping track of film movement by accumulating drive pulses from the time at which a reference point is detected in a series (65) of counters (65a-65e), whereby upon detection of a succeeding reference point the content of each counter is shifted to the respective next counter and counting is continued in each counter of the series of counters, thus the contents in the counters represent the distance between each detected reference point and said detecting location (6); storing data corresponding to the read bar codes in a series (64) of memories (64a-64e) each of which is associated with one of the counters (65a-65e), wherein upon detection of a succeeding reference point the content of each memory is shifted to the respective next memory and the data associated with the read bar code (3) is stored in the first (64a) of the series of memories, thus a relation between said distance and said read bar codes is stored; positioning a picture frame (2a) of the photograhic film (2) in said film framing mask (7) at said printing station; and determining the frame number (5) of the picture frame (2a) positioned in the framing mask (7) in accordance with a predetermined distance range, corresponding to the position of the framing mask (7) relative to the detecting location (6), using said relation between said distance and the read bar codes. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said bar code (3) representative of a frame number (5) includes entry (3b) and exit (3c) bars. A method as defined in claim 2, wherein said keeping track of film movement is begun at detection of either one of said entry (3b) and exit (3c) bars where the respective bar code (3) is read. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning step is effected by advancing the photographic film by a predetermined certain length. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning step is effected by detecting that said picture frame (2a) is in said film framing mask (7). A method as defined in claim 5, wherein said positioning step is effected by detecting an image of the picture frame (2a) with an image sensor (30) to stop said photographic film (2) with a picture frame placed in position in said film framing mask (7). A method as defined in claim 5, wherein said positioning step is effected by manually placing said picture frame (2a) in position in said film framing mask (7) while viewing said picture frame. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning step is effected by detecting an advanced length (L) of the leading edge (2f) of said photographic film (2). A method as defined in claim 8, wherein said positioning step is effected by measuring the advanced distance of the leading edge (2f) of said photographic film (2) with reference to distances of said plurality of picture frames (2a-2e) from said leading edge (2f) previously measured. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning step is effected by detecting a notch (1) formed in said photographic film (2) on the centre line of each picture frame. A method as defined in claim 10, wherein said positioning step is effected by detecting the side notch (1) with a notch sensor (90) located at a predetermined distance (L) from said film framing mask (7) to stop said photographic film (2) when said detected side notch (1) reaches the centre of said film framing mask (7). A method as defined in claim 1, wherein detecting said picture frame (2a) positioned in said film framing mask in said positioning step is effected by detecting a notch (1) formed in said photographic film (2) on the centre line of each picture frame, with higher priority than by detecting an advanced length of the leading edge (2f) of said photographic film (2).

Inventors: TOKUDA KANJI C O FUJI PHOTO FI, TOKUDA, KANJI C/O FUJI PHOTO FILM CO. LTD.
Applicants: FUJI PHOTO FILM CO LTD, FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD.
Application year: 1988
Main classification: G03B27
IPC codes: G03B27