CONTAINER WITH TAMPER INDICATOR USING PIPED LIGHT

Abstract: A tamper evident device comprising in its most basic form a light guide (1) with finished ends; one of which serves to collect light (2), the other to emit said light to serve as a light emitting indicator (3). The invention is attached to closures and containers so that upon opening, the light path is interrupted causing the indicator to go dark, thus signalling a tampered condition.

Description: CONTAINER WITH TAMPER INDICATOR USING PIPED LIGHT _-AOGRODND OF THE P1VENTION The invention generally relates to closures and containers that provide an indicating means for tampering. The invention more .specifically relates to an improved tamper indicating means which was a light guide. It can be applied to any type of 5. container. For more than sixty years a wide variety of tamper indicating closures have been invented. Generally, these closures all strive to give a visual indication of opening, most of these closures have been for medicines and drugs. These past 10 • designs have generally been narrw in their application; for example, a device for a bottle cap would not be suitable for a box. Although marry of these past designs have been ingenious in their cwn ri t, they all suffer several important limitaticflns. The first limitation is that the indication that most of these 15. designs provide is not obvious unless one has a knowledge of the indicator's uπtairpered appearance. Most people will not take the time, especially in a store, to read instructions; and many do not have eyesight good enough to read the fine print on labels and to examine packaging for signs of tampering. Since there are 20. go many different types of indicators, this makes it even more difficult for the consumer. A second limitation is that a large number of the tamper indicators can be replaced with a little glue or epαxy. Even if the tairperer should substitute, say, a different piece of foil, or seal for the original, the customer 25. nay not recognize this. Many bottles have wound up being .studied in laboratories in attesrpts to determine if they had been opened. A final proble is that many of the tamper indicating means are not visible until a buyer brings the product hone and opens it. This can cost the ___anufacturer a large sum of money when the possibility of other containers being contaminated triggers a 5. recall and the necessity of opening thousands of containers. The object of the present invention is to provide a tamper evident means that is so noticeable and obvious that people with poor vision that prevents them fr n reading labels can differentiate between tampered and uπtampered containers at the 10. store, before purchase. The indication should be bright enough to be seen at a glance, and, at a distance. Another object is to provide a taπper evident device that cannot be repaired after opening, and that cannot be painted over or faked with another strip or label. 15. A further object is to provide a tamper evident device that can be a apted to any type of container design without large c angeβ in iranufacturing lines, and cost effective designs. The containers can be for foods, drugs, valuables, or anything that requires security. 20. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention ccuprises a liφ guide, a means far ambient liφ to enter the guide, a light exit or indicator, and, a section far interruption. In its most basic form it is a length of optical material such as glass, plastic optically clear or 25. colored, or a length of a fiber optic li t guide with flat finished ends and of a size and strength that will break under the force arvailable in the intended design. The invention is attached to a closure or cαntainer such that ambient liφt enters the guide and exits at the indicator end. Upon opening the closure, the liφt path is interrupted. This causes the liφt leaving the exit or indicator to change. The interruption can be 5. a break, a displacement or a misalignment, a bending past the maximum angle of transmission, a blodking of the liφt path, or a destruction of the cuter surface of the guide. The most basic mode of operation is one in which a safe container displays a liφt emitting indicator, while for a 10. tampered container, the indicator goes dark. OP rπτγrT Xt OF THE INVENTION To enhance the operation of the invention the liφt collecting end should be facing generally up or up and somewhat forward, toward the front of the package since in stores the 15. lighting is frαn overhead and a forward and upward direction works well en shelves. This positioning is not critical since the angle of acceptance of sane cr-iiu-i. liφt guides can be more than 55°. Under average lighting, the invention will appear as a glowing liφt emitting dot. One of the best choices for liφt 20. guides are optical fibers of glass and plastic. These fibers ooαa in a wide range of sizes and bend radius capabilities. A nσteh, scratch, αr necking down at the section of -interruption will further enhance breaking. Another form is the fiber optic bundle that σonsists of a large number of very fine fibers. The 25. closure should be designed to produce a tear, or jagged break and as many breaks as possible in each liφt patch. A s.ect-icn under tension or a length along which there is no bending or support generally produce the most uneven breaks. There are an endless number of versions one can employ to utilize this invention, and even thouφ they can have different 5. mechanical configuration, the invention works the same in all cases. A simple way to use the invention with a cap and bottle is to permanently bend the invention between both cap and bottle so that the guide nust be broken to remove the cap. The invention can be positioned between both bottle and cap in 10. numerous ways, but generally a configuration is desired that will produce breaks in difficult to reach areas, far example, under the cap skirt. The invention can be molded into the cap and/or bottle as an insert, -cechanically fastened, or bonded by glue, epαxy, or other suitable means. 15. The invention may be produced as a liφt guide in a strip of plastic σr similar material, in single, or multiple light guides, and, wrapped and bonded around a container so that one end points generally up and the other end generally horizontal. In this fcαi with a suitable adhesive, the invention can be used as a 20. tape, ftoen a piece is cut off, the end must be finished flat and flBoσth. This can be aαxπylished by a number of methods, all of which are well known to the fibercptics industry. Plastic fibers can be cut using a hot knife, leaving a finished surface, or, for both glass and plastic, the ends can be held in jigs and lapped 25. by starting with a coarse abrasive paper and progressively lapping with finer paper. Closures of the self contained type that are tamper evident can be made using this invention. Me_hanisms such as those in patents 4,603,785 and 4,588,098 utilize relative movement between the outer cap and an inner cap or disc and, can be combined with 5. this invention. The invention can be mounted in the outer cap so that the liφt collecting end and the indicating end are disposed in generally vertical and horizontal positions respectively. The liφt guide then can be acted on by interruption means driven by the relative movement of the inner cap or disc upon opening. 10. A new ocnfiguraticn for a coπ-bination child proof and taπper evident closures can be made by combining the invention with a dcuble cap closure that has a ratchet .system, a ccnpli entary drive system, and a vertical interruption mechanism. The ratchet system stays engaged at all times and is used for initially 15. putting the cap on the container. The vertical inteiτuption mechanism breaks the liφt path when the outer cap is pushed down. In the down position the «___plimeπtary drive can be engaged to open the closure. This is the child-proof feature. Another version for machine insertion works in a similar 20. manner. The closure has a starting position of the cuter cap in a raised position and the indicator emitting liφt. In this position the outer cap cannot be pn.shpri down. The cap is then threaded on the container and tightened. Now, the cap is backed off and pushed down, interrupting the liφt path and causing the 25. indicator to go dark. With the outer cap in the dcwn position, the cc^limeπtary lugs can be engaged, providing the child proof feature. Another good design to utilize this invention has the liφt guide pass thrcuφ both the cap and the bottle neck, bonded to both with a suitable adhesive. The liφt guide will be broken at least twice if passed thrcuφ both sides, once if passed thrcuφ from the cap top to the side. A similar aj-range eπt can 5. be made by placing an σvercap over the top of a capped container with axally aligned transverse holes throuφ both caps. The invention can be inserted throuφ the holes with a thin layer of adhesive; upon removing the σvercap, the guide will be broken in at least thro points, thus ijiterrupting the liφt path and causing 10. the tamper indicator to go dark. Colors can be added to the indicator in several different ways. Most liφt guides in short lengths transmit all colors. Thus colored filters can be placed in the liφt path to produce an indicator of a given color. Another method is to use tinted 15. glass on plastic, or to clad with tinted cladding. The use of a proprietary color can add further security. Another use of color is to have a change of color to indicate tampering. In place of a blocking element, a filter of a different color can be inserted in the liφt path to change the color, or a 20. clear liφt guide with a liφt exit or indicator can be axially aligned to a liφt guide with liφt collecting means of one color far a safe indication, and displace by opening the container to axially aliφ with another guide of another color to indicate taπpering. Another method to change color is color mixing. At 25. least two liφt guides irust feed at least tsre different colors of liφt to an area in which the colors can be sv_per-L-tposed on one anσther to form a resultant color as an indicator. When one of the liφt guides is interrupted, the resultant color changes. The above methods can be iirplemented by a large number of mechanical configurations; several additional variations are: a 5. flip open cap with a liφt guide placed in a position to interrupt as the cap flips up, a lever design in which the lifting of the lever ruptures a liφt guide, and, a bottle mouth seal ∞rAa-Lning said invention disposed across the seal such that the liφt guide must be broken to open the seal. Although the 10.best positions for the liφt collecting and emitting surfaces are up and outward respectively, the invention will work in most positions and, a large number of versions can be designed around these other positions. RRT F DESCRIPTION OF THE CRA INGS 15. Fig. 1 shows a tamper evident liφt path device. Fig. 2 shews the liφt path device of Fig. 1 interrupted by a break. Fig. 3 shows a two piece liφt path device. Fig. 4 shows the two piece device of Fig. 3 interrupted by a 20. elative displacement between the two halves. Fig. 5 shows a two piece liφt path device with a gap. Fig. 6 shows the liφt path device of Fig. 5 with an interruption of the liφt by blocking. Fig. 7 shows a liφt path device with a lens for collecting 25.more liφt. Fig. 8 shows a front view of a bottle cap with a tab containing the invention. Fig. 9 shows a left side view of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a left side view as in Fig. 9 mounted on a bottle. Fig. 11 is an iscmetric view of a container sealed by the 5. invention in the form of a rectangular cross section strip with the invention -Jihfrided in the strip. Fig. 12 is a left side view of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is an iscmetric view of a box sealed with the invention in the form of a fiberoptic tape. 10. Fig. 14 is a front view of a tamper evident bottle cap cco-bination with a groove in the skirt of the cap and the bottle shoulder ready to accept the invention. Fig. 15 is a left side view of Fig. 14 with the invention inserted. 15. Fig. 16 is a left side view of the invention and, a bottom view of the invention. Fig. 17 is an e_-ploded iscmetric view of a childproof and tamper evident cap utilizing the invention as a tamper evident element. 20. Fig. 18 is a front view of the invention. Fig. 19 is a left side view of Fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a sectional view of the top cap 61 of Fig. 17 along the line 90-90. Fig. 21 is a plain bσttcm view of the top cap as in Fig. 20. 25. Fig. 22 is a cross section along 91-91 of Fig. 21 of the top cap 61 coD_bined with the inner cap 65 and the tamper evident device 10. Fig. 23 is a top view of the inner cap. Fig. 24 is a tcp view of the ratchet teeth of the inner cap shewing another version of the teeth. Fig. 25 is a bottom view of the outer cap shewing a version 5. with notches for the ratchet teeth to prevent accidental breaking of the liφt guide. Fig. 26 is a cross sectional view as in Fig. 20 but with notches for the ratchet teeth. Fig. 27 is a cross sectional view of the invention inserted 10.transversely thrcuφ both cap and container neck. Fig. 28 is the invention as used in Fig. 27. Fig. 29 is a front view of an σvercap design with the σvercap shewn in cross section. Fig. 30 is an enlarged and modified view of the upper riφt 15.hand corner of Fig. 22 shewing a color mixing version of the tamper evident device. Fig. 31 is an enlarged and modified view of the upper riφt hand corner of Fig. 22 shewing the displacement mode of operation. 20. Fig. 32 is an enlarged and modified view of the upper riφt hand corner of Fig. 22 -shewing the blocking mode of operation. Fig. 33 is an enlarged and modified view of the upper riφt hand corner of Fig. 22 showing a color switching mode of operation. 25. In the basic form of the novel invention the end surfaces are similar and thus either end can serve both functions. In more complex versions, the liφt collecting end can have a lens to provide a greater collection of liφt, while the liφt exit can be shaped to represent a symbol. The invention provides a new improved approach to the design of tamper evident containers that can be applied broadly, to most 5. container types. Fig. 1 shews a device 10 ccmprising a liφt guide 1 of an optically transparent material, a means for allowing liφt to enter 2, which, in this case, is simply a flat end with a smooth surface. An indicator 3 is shewn, which, in this case, is nothing more than another flat smooth surface, and, 10. a section for -Interruption, which in this instance is the body of the guide. The body could be a necked dcwn or weakened section. Liφt enters the device 10 at 2, travels throuφ the guide 1 and exits at the exit 3, which appears as a glcwing spot. Fig. 2 shews the device 10 after an i_nterπ_ptiαn in the form 15. of a break 4 in the guide. The break 4 results in that the liφt cxming dcwn the guide 1 impinges an the jagged surface of the break 4 and scatters. Most of the liφt is lost and the exit 3 goes to a semi-dark state, indicating tampering. To make the exit go cαrpletely dark, the break should leave the broken 20. surfaces misaligned as well. Fig. 3 shows the device 10 in a two piece form. The liφt enters the surface 2, travels thrcuφ the upper guide 1, thrcuφ the section for interruption which in this case is a gap 5, thrcuφ the lower guide 6, and cut the exit 3, thus indicating an 25. urrta pered state. There will be seme liφt loss due to the gap 5, however, this can be kept to a -tti-r-imum by preparing the gap surfaces to be flat, smooth, parallel, and close. Fig. 4 shows the device 10 of Fig. 3 after the relative displacement of the upper guide 1 with respect to the lcwer guide 6 caused by opening a cαπtainer. The liφt travels throuφ the upper guide 1 but cannot enter the lower guide 6 because of the 5. axial misalignment. Thus, the exit 3 goes dark indicating tampering. Fig. 5 is another two piece configuration of the device 10. Liφt enters the device 10 at the surface 2, travels throuφ the upper guide 1, thrcuφ the section for interri-ption which in this 10. case is a ap sufficiently wide to allcw the -Introduction of a blocking element, travels thrcuφ the lcwer guide 6 and exits thrcuφ 3. Fig. 6 is the invention of Fig. 5 after the blocking element 7 has inserted in the gap 5, and thus, the exit 3 goes dark, indicating a tampered state. 15. Fig. 7 is the device 10 wherein the means by which liφt enters the guide 1 cαrprises a surface 2 and a lens 8. The lens 8 enables more liφt to enter the guide 1 and exit from the indicator surface 3, thus providing a briφter indicator 3. Fig. 8 is a front view of cap 20 with a tab 24 depending 20. from the skirt 28. The device 10 is disposed lengthwise and vertically throuφ both the cap skirt 28 and the tab 24. The liφt collecting means 2 is exposed to liφt thrcuφ the cap top 29. The indicator or liφt exit 3 is at the bottom of the tab 24; however, when mounted, the tab will be bent and the indicator 25. will point horizontally. The tab 24 has two weakened tear points 22 and 23 in the section for interruption and a tab handle 21 which is vtsed to tear off the tab 24 and break the cptical guide 1. Fig. 9 is a left side view of the cap 20 of Fig. 8. The liφt guide 1 can be seen positioned toward the back of the tab 5. 24. The tear points 22 and 23 are shown as "v" grooves. The "v" groove 23 also serves as a bend point. Fig. 10 is a left side view of the cap in Fig. 8 mounted on a bottle 25. The tap 24 is bent at the groove 23 and is bonded with a suitable permanent adhesive to the bottle shoulder 26. 10. The point 27 of the liφt guide 1 is bent and under stress, this is the section for interruption, a break at this point will cause the portion of the guide 1 bonded to the shoulder 26 to flex back such that the guide 1 axis is perpendicular to the neck of the bottle 25. This will cause a misalignment should a person try to 15. rebαnd the tab back in place. The bottle neck can be grooved at the point of bonding with the tab, making a more secure bond that is more difficult to circumvent. Fig. 11 is a front view of a container 31 wrapped and bonded by the device 10 in the farm of a liφt guide 1 in a flexible 20. strip 32; such a strip can be produced by extrusion. Bonding is applied between the strip 32 and the container 31 and the cap 30 by a permanent epαxy, glue, heat banding, or other suitable means. Two notches 33 and 34 at the points of -Interruption serve as break points. The end with surface 2 is banded to the cap 30 25. in a vertical direction to collect overhead liφt, the surface 3 is positioned to be visible along a horizontal plane. Fig. 12 is a left side view of Fig.. 11. The notches 33 and 34 are positioned to receive the shearing force generated by applying a twisting effort to the cap 30. Liφt enters the invention thrcuφ the surface 2, travels around container 31 and 5. exits thrσuφ the surface 3, giving the appearance of a glowing dot. To open the container, the liφt path must be broken twice, causing the dot 3 to go dark, indicating a tampered condition. Fig. 13 shews the device 10 in the form of a flat flexible strip 41 with multiple liφt guides, applied to a box 40. As in 10. Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, the strip is bonded to the box 40 with a .suitable adhesive. The operation is essentially the same as the bottle in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 only now a row of glowing dots consisting of liφt exits 3 appear to signify an uπtampered container. To open the box, the strip is cut thrcuφ causing the 15. liφt exits to go dark. Fig. 14.shews a container 50 and cap 51. The cap 51 has a vertical groove 52 cut into the skirt 56. The container 50 has a groove 53 cut in the shoulder 57. Fig. 15 is a left side view of Fig. 14 with the device 10 20. inserted in the grooves 52 and 53. Fig. 16 shows the device 10 from the left side view above and the end view belcw. The cap is put on the bottle so that the grooves 52 and 53 are in alignment. The device 10, which in this case, is a short length of fiber optic material with ends 25. finished smooth as shown in Fig. 16, is inserted and bonded by a suitable adhesive so that the liφt collecting end 2 is at the tcp of the cap 51. The invention extends dcwn thrcuφ the groove 52 in the skirt 56, thrcuφ the gap between the lower edge of the sskirt 56 and into the groove 53 in the shoulder 57 with the fiber end 3 facing outwards. Liφt enters the surface 2, travels thrcuφ the guide 1, around the bend in the guide 55 and out the 5. exit 3, giving a briφt appearance to the dot. To open the container 50, a torque is applied to the cap 51. This results in a tearing apart of the liφt guide 1 near the point 55 which is bent and under stress, this is the section for .Interruption. Upon breaking, the broken ends tend to flex away from one another 10. further increasing the difficulty of repair. Fig. 17 is an exploded view of a cx-mbinatiσn child proof and taπper evident closure 60 which does not require bonding to the container. The closure 60 comprises an cuter cap 61, the device 10, and an inner cap 65. The device 10 is mounted in the outer 15. cap 60 so that the liφt collecting surface 2 is placed facing upward in the hole 62 in the tcp of the outer cap 61. The liφt exit or indicator is situated in the hole 63 in the skirt 76 of the cuter cap 61 and faces forward. The inner cap 65 comprises a lower cup shaped portion with internal treads, a rim 66 for 20. interlocking to outer cap 61, cc^limeπtary lugs 67 for engagement to lugs 72 of the cuter cap 61 for the child proof feature, a cylindrical upper portion 70 with ratchet teeth 69, and an upper surface 68 for interruption of the device 10. Fig. 18 shews a front view of the device 10 configured to 25. fit the cap 60 of Fig. 17 comprising a liφt guide 1, a surface 2 for collecting liφt, and an indicator -surface 3. Fig. 19 shews a left side view of the device 10 shewn in Fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a vertical section of the outer cap 61 taken along 90-90 as in Fig. 17. We see in Fig. 20 the hole 62 in the tcp of the outer cap 61 5. for the end 2 of the device 10. The hole 63 in the skirt 76 can also be seen. New, referring to Fig. 21, the device 10 is banded dcwn into the support 74 and 75 such that the end 2 enters the hole 62 and the end 3 enters the hole 63. The liφt guide 1 is now bridged 10. across the gap between the supports 74 and 75, this is the section for interruption. To assemble the closure 60, the inner cap 65 is pushed into the cuter cap 61 such that the upper cylindrical section 70 of the inner cap 65 enters the inner cylinder 71 of the outer cap 61 with the ratchet teeth 69 of said 15. inner cap 65 entering the slots 77 in said cylinder of said outer cap 61. Referring to Fig. 22, the closure 60 can be screwed onto the bottle 80. In the closure on direction, the ratchet teeth 69 lock in the slots 77 of the cuter cap 61 and the closure 60 can 20. be screwed on the neck 80 of the container until the seal 81 is fully seated. The closure 60 is made frcm a scsnewhat flexible material, and thus the teeth will ratchet escape in the closure off direction due to a flexing inward of the cylinder 70 and a flexing outward of the cylinder 71. For stiffer cuter cap 61 25. materials, the ratchet teeth can be designed to be more flexible as shown in Fig. 24. Also, more pairs of slots and teeth can be employed. Qnce the cap 60 is tiφtened on, a twisting effort in the closure off direction will result in the teeth 60 ratchet escaping and thus, the cuter cap 61 will simply turn about the inner cap 65 and the closure will not ccme off. To remove the 5. closure 60, the outer cap 61 must be pushed dcwn to engage the (xs-plimentary lugs 67 of the inner cap 65 with the lugs 72 of the cuter cap 61. As said cap 61 is depressed, the interrupting surface 68 of the inner cap 65 tears a section from the liφt guide 1 between the supports 75 and 74. The liφt exit 3 now 10. goes dark, indicating tairpering. Another version that prevents the outer cap from being accidentally pushed down during the initial capping of the bottle is shewn in Fig. 25 and Fig. 26. The inner cylinder 71 of the outer cap 61 has a pair of notches 82 cut from the surfaces. When the closure is assembled, 15. the inner cap 65 is inserted such that the ratchet teeth 69 or the version 81 of Fig. 24 of said cap rest in the notches 82. New, this version of the closure 60 cannot be accidentally pushed dcwn into the tampered state before or during the cap on tightening down. Once tiφtened, the cuter cap 61 must be 2Q. lifted, backed off, and then pushed dcwn to break the liφt guide 1, and engage the lugs. New, with downward pressure and a twisting effort in the cap off direction, the closure can be removed; the indicator 3 new being dark. The angled ends of the lugs 67 of the inner cap 65 make necessary a constant downward 25. pressure during removal, thus providing the child proof feature. Fig. 27 is another example of hew the device 10 can be used. A bottle closure 100 comprising a plug 110, a skirt 109 with inner threads 108, a vertical groove 101 in said skirt 109, a hole 113 intersecting with said vertical groove 101, a hole 103 thrcuφ said plug 110 and a hole 111 at the opposite side of said closure 100 frcm said hole 103. Said hole 103, 113, and 111 5. being axially aligned and of a diameter to accommodate the device 10. The closure 100 is screwed en the bottle neck 104 until the plug 110 is seated on the seal 106 over the inner rim 105. The series of holes 103, 113, and 111 are aligned with the holes 102, and 112 in the bottle neck 104. The device 10 is then inserted 10. with a suitable permanent adhesive such that the vertical section of the device 10 is upriφt in the vertical groove 101 of the skirt 109. The liφt guide 1 passes throuφ the holes 113 in the skirt 109, 102 in the neck 104, 103 in the plug 110, 112 in the neck 104, and 111 in the skirt 109. Liφt will now be collected 15. by the surface 2 of the device 10, passed thrcuφ the liφt guide 1 and cut the exit 3, indicating a safe bottle. New, upon opening, the liφt guide 1 is broken in four places, two breaks between the skirt 109 and the bottle neck 104 and t∞ breaks between the inside of the bottle neck 104 and the 20. plug 110; the indicator 3 goes dark, indicating that tampering has taken place. In another version of this design, the invention can be placed so that the surface 2 is positioned above the plug 110 and thus only two breaks would take place. 25. Yet another version of this design can be made by preassembling the closure 100 with a neck section which then is attached to the container after filling. Fig. 29 shews another way to utilize the device 10, this method uses two caps. T e first cap screws onto the bottle 130 and can be of any type, with the addition of a top section with holes throuφ which the liφt guide 1 can be threaded, lugs, blocks, or just an extension of 5. the cap itself will do, in this design, a cylindrical extension 126 with holes 128 and 129 is employed. The σvercap 120 cαπprises a cup shaped main body 124 and an inner plug 121 concentrically mounted. The skirt of the σvercap has two holes 122 and 123 axially aligned and spaced 180° apart. The plug 121 10. has a throuφ hole 131 axially aligned with said holes in the skirt. The plug 121 is of a diameter and depth so as to fit within the cylindrical extension 126 on the top of the first cap 125 with the hole in the plug axially aligned with the holes 128 and 129 of said cylindrical extension 126. The plug can be a set 15. of lugs with holes, or any other equivalent means. After the first cap 125 is tiφtened to the bottle 130, the σvercap 120 is pushed dcwn over the neck 127 so that the holes in said σvercap 122 and 123 axially align with the holes 128 and 129 of the cylindrical extension 126 of the first cap 125. 20. The device 10 is then inserted with a coating of a suitable adhesive, so hat the face 2 is up. The face 3 will now glow under average liφting ccnditicn, thus indicating that the container is safe. Upon opening the container, the twisting effort applied to 25. the σvercap 120 will cause the liφt guide 1 to break in four places; providing that the torque required to break the liφt guide is less than that to break free the inner cap, if not, a seal or the like can be used to bond the inner cap to the bottle. Upon breaking, the indicator 3 will go to a dark condition. Fig. 30 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of the upper riφt 5- hand corner of the closure 60 as shewn in Fig. 22, modified to provide a color change mode. The liφt impinges from above and enters the surfaces 2 of the liφt guides 140 and 141, both of which feed the larger guide 142. Wherein the two colors A and B respectively combine to yield a resultant color C at the liφt 10. output 3. An example of this would be A = Yellow, B = Blue, and then C would be Green. This follows standard rules of color mixing. New as in Fig. 22, the section for interruption of one of the liφt guides is bridged between the support 74 and 75, the 15. cuter cap 61 is pished down to open the container and the surface 68 of the upper cylinder of the inner cap 65, breaks the yellow liφt guide 140 causing the output to change from green in the untairpered state to blue in the tampered state. A wide range of color changes can be chosen by utilizing a chrcπaticity diagram 20. for color mixing. Fig. 31 is another modification of the upper riφt hand corner of Fig. 22 and shows another version of the di-splacement type. The liφt enters the surface 2, travels throuφ the upper guide 1, throuφ the gap 5, formed by the supports 74 and 75, 25. throuφ the lcwer guide 6, and cut the exit 3. Upon depression of the outer cap 61, the surface 68 of the upper cylinder 70 of the inner cap 65 displaces by bending the lcwer guide 6 away from the upper guide 1. In this version, the surface 68 is sαnewhat narrower with respect to said gap between 74 and 75 and contacts the lcwer guide 6 near the gap 5. Fig. 32 is another version utilizing the closure 60 of Fig. 5. 22 with a modification of the upper riφt hand corner. This is a blocking version. Liφt enters the tamper evident device throuφ surface 2, travels thrcuφ the upper guide 1, across the gap 5, throuφ the lower guide 6, and out the exit 3. The blocking element 145 is a snug fit in the space between the supports 74 10. and 75. Upon depressing the cuter cap 61, the surface 68 pushes the blocking element up, entering in the gap 5, thus blocking the liφt and causing a change of the indicator output 3. Fig. 33 is another exaπple utilizing the closure 60 of Fig. 22 with a modification of the upper riφt hand corner. This is a 15. tamper evident design which produces a color change after tampering. The design comprises two liφt guides 150 and 151 of different colors A and B and a switching arrangement that interrupts one liφt guide and connects the other upon tampering. Liφt enters the surfaces 2 of the liφt guides 150 and 151. In 20. the uπtaπpered state, the liφt travels thrσuφ the liφt guide 150, across the gap 152, throuφ the guide 153, and cut the exit 3, providing an indication of color A. When the cuter cap 61 is depressed, the surface 68 of the inner cap 65 pushes the block 155 up, interrupting the liφt firm 150 and repositioning the 25. guide 153 to receive the liφt from 151. The block 155 is a tiφt fit in the space between the supports 74 and 75 and stays in the new position. Thus the liφt output changes from color A in an untampered state to color B after tampering. While the foregoing embodiments have illustrated the principals of the invention, it is clear that a large number of 5. different versions are possible. For exaitple, many designs will readily occur when the closure material is made tran∑sparent. The liφt entrance and exit need not be disposed throuφ the cuter cap, and the cap itself can serve as a lens. A clear bottle can be employed so that viewing of the indicator occur thrcuφ the 10. wall. Thus numerous changes and modifications can be made without departing frcm this invention in its broader aspects and therefor, the aim of the claims is to cover all such variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims: IN THE CLAIMS: 1. 1. In combination, a closure with a tanper evident device 2. comprising: means for incorporating said tanper evident device 3. in said closure, at least one liφt guide, at least one means for 4. liφt to enter the guide, at least one section adapted for 5. interruption, means for liφt exiting said guide to act as an 6. indicator whereby upon removing said closure, liφt passing 7. throuφ said device is -Interrupted causing the liφt output of 8. said indicator to change. 1. 2. The invention according to claim 1 wherein said section 2. adapted for interruption is a breakpoint of sufficient weakness 3. to be ruptured by forces generated during opening of the 4. container. 1. 3. The invention according to claim 1 wherein said section 2. adapted for .interruption is a two or more member optical coupling 3. which can be misaligned by a relative displacement of said 4. members. 1. 4. The invention according to claim 1 further comprising a 2. blocking element wherein said section adapted for interruption is 3. a gap, into which said blocking element enters. 1. 5. The invention according to claim 1 wherein said change 2. of liφt output is a change of color. 1. 6. The invention according to claim 5 wherein said section 2. adapted for iπtem-pticn further cαmprispes a means for switching 3. liφt from at least one liφt guide of one color to at least one 4. other liφt guide of another color. 1. 7. The invention according to claim 5 further comprising at 2. least two guides with means for -Introducing color, means for 3. ccBifoining the liφt outputs of said guides for color mixing to 4. produce a resultant output as an indicator, and at least one 5. guide with a section adapted for interruption. 1. 8. The invention aσcordirig to claim 1 wherein the closure 2. comprises an cuter cap, an inner cap, said outer cap having a 3. raised and lowered position with respect to said inner cap, said 4. cuter cap having ratchet locking engagement with the inner cap in 5. a thread an direction, and, ratchet escaping engagement in the 6. thread off direction, a selectively engageable normally 7. disengaged torque transmitting coupling located between the two 8. caps, said coupling being engageable upon a dcwnward force to the 9. cuter cap. 1- 9. The invention according to claim 8 further ccaπprising at 2. least one notch for engagement of ratchet teeth in said cuter 3. cap, said notch when engaged preventing downward movement of the 4. cuter cap. 1. 10. The invention according to claim 1 wherein the closure 2. comprises an inner cap, said inner cap having at least one hole 3. and, an over cap fitting over the inner cap and having at least 4. one hole, wherein the tanper evident device is inserted and 5. bonded into said holes; whereby upon removing toe outer cap, the 6. guide is broken causing the indicator to change. 1. 11. In combination, a closure, a container, and, a tanper 2. evident device comprising: means for incorporating said tamper 3. evident device into said cc bination, at least one liφt guide, 4. at least one means for liφt to enter the guide, at least one 5. section adapted for interruption, means for liφt exiting said 6. guide to act as an indicator whereby upon removing said closure, 7. liφt passing throuφ said device is interrupted causing the 8. liφt output of said indicator to change. 1. 12. The invention of claim 11 wherein said section adapted 2. for -interruption is a breakpoint of sufficient weakness to be 3. ruptured by forces generated during opening of the container. 1. 13. The invention of claim 11 wherein said section adapted 2. far interruption is a two or more member cptical coupling which 3. can be misaligned by a relative displacement of said members. 1. 14. The invention of claim 11 further coπprising a blocking 2. element wherein said section adapted for interruption is a gap 3. into which said blocking element enters. 1. 15. The invention of claim 11 wherein said tamper evident 2. device is attached to both container and closure. 1. 16. The invention of claim 11 wherein said change produced 2. by ta_rpering is a change of color. 1. 17. The invention of claim 11 further comprising a closure 2. having means for switching liφt frcm at least one liφt guide of 3. one color to at least one other liφt guide of another color. 1. 18. The invention of claim 11 further coπprising at least 2. two guides with means for iirtroducirig color, means for cαribining 3. the liφt output of said guides for color mixing to produce a 4. resultant color output as an indicator, means for interrupting at 5. least one liφt path. 1. 19. The invention of claim 11 further comprising the liφt 2. path of the tanper evident device disposed throuφσut the 3. container body whereby cutting into said container causes an 4. iπterrupticn of said liφt path. 1. 20. The invention of claim 11 further comprising a 2. container with a neck, said container having at least one hole, 3. said closure having at least one hole, wherein said tanper 4. evident device of claim 11 is inserted in said holes and bonded.

Inventors: DIEHL EDWARD P, DIEHL, EDWARD, P.
Applicants: DIEHL EDWARD P, DIEHL, EDWARD, P.
Application year: 1988
Main classification: B65D55
IPC codes: B65D55