Adhesive dressings containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient

Abstract: A dressing comprising a flexible backing member and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer. The adhesive layer comprises one or more poly­ isobutylenes, elastomers, and one or more moistrue absorbing, moisture transmitting, water soluble and/or water swellable agents. A dispersion of the active ingredient in a medium compatible with the adhesive layer is laminated to the skin contacting surface.

Description: This invention relates to adhesive dressings. A pressure-sensitive, adhesive dressing comprising a flexible backing member and a pressure-sensitive rubbery elastomer having one or more water-soluble or water-swellable hydrocolloids and one or more anticeptic or germicidal agents dispersed therein, has previously been described in our European Patent Application EP-A-55023. This invention is directed to a pressure-sensitive, adhesive dressing containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient and to the method of preparing such dressing as hereinafter set forth in claims 1 and 6 respectively. The adhesive layer of the dressing is capable of releasing the active ingredient to the surface of the skin covered by the dressing over a period of time of from several hours to one or more days. The surface of the adhesive layer opposite the skin-contacting surface is attached to a flexible backing member. The adhesive layer comprises a homogeneous blend of one or more polyisobutylenes or mixture of one or more polyisobutylenes and an elastomer, such as butyl rubber, medium or high molecular weight polyisobutylene, and/or styrene radial or block type copolymers, and one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents. The adhesive may contain other optional ingredients such as mineral oil, tackifiers, antioxidants, etc. Such an adhesive has previously been described in our European Patent Application EP-A-130061. However, the pharmaceutically active ingredient of this invention is incorporated into the adhesive layer so that it resides at the skin-contacting surface and in the regions of the adhesive layer closest to the skin-contacting surface. This is accomplished by forming a suspension of the active ingredient in a material which is compatible with the composition of the adhesive layer. This suspension is then cast onto a sheet of silicone-coated release paper which is then laminated to the skin-contacting surface of the adhesive layer. The pressure-sensitive adhesive dressing of this invention consists of an adhesive layer formulated from materials suitable for use on human skin and a flexible backing layer. The adhesive layer must be capable of bonding to the skin for from several hours to several days. The polyisobutylene component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions functions to provide adhesion to dry body surfaces, i.e., dry tack, and along with the flexible backing layer maintains the structural integrity of the dressing. Preferably, the polyisobutylenes employed are one or more low molecular weight polyisobutylenes having a viscosity average molecular weight of from about 8,700 to about 11,700 (Staudinger). Such polyisobutylenes are, commercially available under the trademark Vistanex from Exxon as grades LM - MS and LM - MH. The polyisobutylene can be combined with one or more elastomers. These materials function to increase the elasticity, tear resistance, and cohesiveness of the adhesive compositions. Suitable elastomers include butyl rubber which is a copolymer of isobutylene with a minor amount of isoprene having a viscosity average molecular weight of from about 350,000 to about 450,000 (Florey), medium and high molecular weight polyisobutylene such as Vistanex MM L-100 having a viscosity average molecular weight of from about 81,000 to about 99,000 (Staudinger) and styrene radial or block copolymers. Particularly suitable styrene copolymers include styrene-butadiene-styrene (S-B-S) and styrene-isoprene-styrene (S-I-S) block type copolymers both of which are commercially available, for example, from Shell Chemical Co. under their tradename Kraton 1100, 1101, 1102, 1107, etc. The moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble or water-swellable agents permit the adhesive compositions to adhere to moist body surfaces, i.e., wet tack. In addition, while not being limited in attempting to explain the mechanism by which the pharmaceutical ingredient is released from the dressing, it is believed that the absorption of moisture from the surface of the skin into the adhesive layer results in a dynamic change in the microenvironment at the adhesive layer-skin interface caused by hydration of these agents at the adhesive surface and gradually throughout the entire adhesive layers. This results in the continuous release of the topically active pharmaceutical agent from the adhesive layer. Suitable water-soluble agents for incorporation within the adhesive compositions are hydrocolloid gums including sodium carboxymethylcellulose, potassium carboxymethylcellulose, pectin, gelatin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, xanthan gum, mixed sodium/calcium salts of alginic acid, carrageenan, etc., and mixtures thereof. Suitable water-swellable agents include substantially water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose such as that commercially available under the trademarks AcDiSol or Aqualon or that described in U.S. Patent 3,589,364, substantially water-insoluble starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer such as that in U.S. Patent 3,661,815 and that commercially available from Grain Processing Corp. under their Water-Lock trademark, and substantially water-insoluble cross-linked dextran such as that commercially available under the trademark Sephadex. Mineral oil can be included within the adhesive layer both as a component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive formulation and, as explained below, as the preferred agent for incorporating or depositing the pharmaceutically active agent at the skin-contacting surface and in the regions of the adhesive layer closest to the skin-contacting surface. In this connection, it should be noted that US Patent US-A-4,031,894 has already proposed a mineral oil-polyisobutylene mixture as a carrier for a pharmaceutically active agent in an adhesive layer of a bandage. The agent and the carrier are also present in a reservoir layer behind the adhesive layer. Tackifiers can also be included within the adhesive layer of this invention. Suitable tackifiers include the pentaerythritol esters of rosin commercially available from Hercules under the trademark Pentalyn H, trimethylol propane ester of rosin commercially available from Hercules under the tradename Staybelite Ester 10 and the beta pinine resins such as Piccolyte S115 or the cyclopentadiene resins commercially available from Exxon such as Escorez 5300 or the Arakawa cyclic tackifiers namely the Arkon products. The adhesive layer can also contain small amounts, i.e., less than about 2% by weight of an antioxidant such as zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (commercially available from R.T. Vanderbilt Co. under the tradename Butyl Zimate) or those available from Ciba Geigy such as Irganox 1010, tetrakis [methylene-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate] or Irganox 1076, octadecyl 3-[3,5-ditert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-phenyl]-propionate, etc. The thickness of the adhesive layer can be varied. In general, the adhesive layer will be from about 20 to about 100 mils (about 0.51 mm to about 2.54 mm). Thicknesses greater than 100 mils (2.54 mm) are undesirable as being uncomfortable to wear and more prone to accidental removal. Preferably, the composition of the adhesive layer prior to incorporation of the pharmaceutically active ingredient contains from about 15% to about 50% by weight of polyisobutylenes or blends of polyisobutylenes and one or more elastomers, from about 20% to about 70% by weight of one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents, up to about 25% by weight of mineral oil, and up to about 20% by weight of tackifiers. The surface of the adhesive layer that does not contact the skin has a flexible backing member affixed to it. Suitable backing members include polymeric films, woven and nonwoven fabric backings, and polymeric foams which themselves have a film or skin on the outer surface opposite the adhesive layer. Suitable commercially available polymeric films include films made from polyethylene, polyurethane, polyether polyamide block copolymers, etc. Suitable commercially available nonwoven fabric backings include materials made from polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers, composite olefin fibers, or cellulosic fibers. Suitable woven fabric backings include cotton, cotton blends, etc. Suitable polymeric foams include semi-open cell polyurethane foam as described by Chen in U.S. Patent 3,972,328. The skin-contacting pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be affixed to the polyurethane foam by means of a secondary adhesive layer as taught by Pawelchak et al. in U.S. Patent 4,538,603. When the flexible backing member is a polymeric film or fabric, it will vary in thickness from about 1 to about 5 mils (about 25.4 µm to about 127 µm). When the flexible backing member is a polymeric foam, it will vary in thickness from about 20 to about 100 mils (about 0.51 mm to about 2.54 mm). The pharmaceutically active ingredient is incorporated into the adhesive layer so that it resides at the skin-contacting surface and in the regions of the adhesive layer closest to the skin-contacting surface. This is accomplished by forming a suspension of the pharmaceutically active ingredient in a material or medium which is compatible with the composition of the adhesive layer, i.e., able to be absorbed or intermixed or dissolved in the surface of the adhesive layer without impairing its adhesive characteristics. Of course, this material must be inert with respect to the active ingredient and capable of dispersing or dissolving it. This material must also be non-irritating, non-sensitizing, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. The resulting suspension is then cast onto a sheet of silicone-coated release paper which is laminated to the skin-contacting surface of the adhesive layer. Various classes of pharmaceutically active ingredients can be incorporated into the dressing of this invention. Among the classes are topical anti-inflammatory agents and antipruritics including steroids such as triamcinolone acetonide, halcinonide, betamethasone valerate, hydrocortisone, tipredane, etc., and non-steroidal agents such as bufexamac, camphor, aspirin, etc., antipsoriatrics such as dithranol, coal tar extracts, etc., keratolytics such as salicylic acid, urea, etc., local anaesthetics such as lidocaine, benzocaine, etc., antibacterials such as benzalkonium chloride, fusidic acid, chlorhexidine, etc. antifungals such as nystatin, dithranol, amphotericin, econazole, etc., anti-viral agents, anti-acne agents such as benzoyl peroxide, vitamin A derivatives, etc., biological factors such as urokinase, tissue plaminogen activator, angiogenesis factor, etc., wart-removers such as salicylic acid, lactic acid, etc., and enzymes such as fibrinolytic or proteolytic enzymes. The preferred material for forming the suspension of the active ingredient is mineral oil and particularly mineral oil thickened by mixing with a polyethylene and liquid petrolatum base, i.e., Plastibase, the mineral oil and Plastibase being mixed on a 1:1 basis. The active ingredient is suspended in the mineral oil in an amount up to about 15% by weight with about 10% by weight being preferred. Other agents such as surfactants, suspending agents, skin-penetration enhancers, thickeners, etc., can optionally be added in small quantities to the suspension. The adhesive layer can also contain various optional ingredients. For example, the adhesive layer can contain up to about 10% by weight of the pharmaceutically active ingredient blended directly into the mixture of polyisobutylenes, elastomers, water soluble and/or water swellable agents. While such blended pharmaceutically active material is not released from the adhesive layer in an amount and at a rate to be useful by itself, it is released in a sufficient amount to augment the release of the pharmaceutically active material contained at and adjacent the skin contacting surface of the adhesive layer. Alternatively, the dressing can include a reservoir containing the pharmaceutically active material and this reservoir can be employed to augment the release of the pharmaceutically active material contained at and adjacent the surface of the adhesive layer. In addition, the adhesive layer can contain up to about 10% by weight of one or more agents to enhance the penetration of the pharmaceutically active agent into the skin of the user. Suitable penetration-enhancers include oleic acid and other unsaturated acids, methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, lactic acid, phosphatidol choline and other phospholipids, dimethylisosorbide, dimethyl sulfoxide, Azone, etc. The pharmaceutically active adhesive dressings of this invention can be prepared as follows. The process will vary somewhat depending upon the particular polyisobutylenes and/or mixtures of polyisobutylenes and elastomers employed in the adhesive layer. However, in general, these viscous materials along with the mineral oil and tackifiers are combined and blended in a sigma blade type mixer at room temperature or with heating. A blend of the powdery water-soluble or swellable agents along with any other optional ingredients are added gradually and mixing is continued until a homogeneous mass is obtained as described in the Pawelchak et al. patent discussed above. The adhesive mass is layered onto a sheet of silicone-coated release paper, flattened to the desired thickness by either calendering or extruding, and a flexible backing member is laminated to the other surface of the adhesive layer. A dispersion or suspension of the pharmaceutically active ingredient in a medium compatible with the adhesive layer is formed. This dispersion is cast onto a sheet of silicone-coated release paper as a thin uniform layer using a knife-over-roller, Meyer Rods, a transfer roll coater, etc. The release paper is stripped off the adhesive layer and the adhesive layer is laminated to the silicone release paper coated with the dispersion of the pharmaceutically active material. The adhesive dressings of this invention can be sterilized by means of gamma radiation. The following examples are illustrative of the invention. Example 1 A pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared consisting of the following ingredients: Ingredient Weight percent within the adhesive mass Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM - MH) 8 Styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer (Kraton D1107) 6 Butyl rubber (Grade 065-Exxon) 16.25 Tackifier (Pentalyn H) 12.75 Mineral oil 11.50 Antioxidant (Irganox 1010) 0.50 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 15.00 Pectin 15.00 Gelatin 15.00 The mineral oil (40.83 kg.), polyisobutylene (28.40 kg.), Kraton D1107 (21.30 kg.), Irganox 1010 (1.80 kg.) and butyl rubber (57.68 kg.) are combined in a sigma blade mixer with heating (about 115°C) and agitating for approximately 1 to 2.5 hours. The mixture is cooled to about 100°C and after another 30 minutes of blending, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (53.25 kg.), pectin (53.25 kg.), gelatin (53.25 kg.), and Pentalyn H (45.26 kg.) are added. Mixing is continued at about 100°C. for 30 minutes to give 355 kg. of a homogeneous adhesive mass. The mass is allowed to cool and is flattened into an adhesive layer of the desired thickness of about 35 mils (about 0.889 mm). A sheet of polyethylene is laminated to one surface and silicone-coated release paper to the other. Powdered triamcinolone acetonide ( 10.0 g.) is dispersed in a mixture of mineral oil and Plastibase 50W at a 1:1 ratio (90.0 g). The dispersion is cast onto silicone-coated release paper by means of a Meyer rod (#2) to give a uniform layer of dispersion of 7 to 8 mg./in.² (1.24 mg/cm²). The release paper is removed from the adhesive layer and this layer is laminated on the triamcinolone acetonide dispersion layer. In a few hours the dispersion is absorbed into the adhesive surface creating a smooth, glossy, tacky surface. The resulting dressing contains at its surface 0.75 mg./in.² (0.116 mg/cm²) of triamcinoline acetonide. Example 2 Following the procedure of Example 1 but dispersing ( 2 g.) of triamcinolone acetonide in the thickened mineral oil, the resulting dressing contains 0.15 mg./in.² (0.0232 mg/cm²). of triamcinolone acetonide at its surface. Example 3 A pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared consisting of the following ingredients: Ingredient Weight percent within the adhesive mass Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM - MH) 9.55 Styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer (Kraton D1107) 20.55 Tackifier (Pentalyn H) 12.80 Mineral oil 20.45 Antioxidant (Irganox 1010) 1.55 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 25.70 Cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di-Sol) 9.40 The mineral oil (22.5 kg.), polyisobutylene (10.5 kg.), Kraton D1107 (22.6 kg.), and Irganox 1010 (1.7 kg.) are combined in a sigma blade mixer with heating (about 115°C) and agitating for approximately 1 to 2.5 hours. After cooling with additional blending, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose (28.3 kg.), Ac-Di-Sol (10.3 kg.), and Pentalyn H (14.1 kg.) are added. Mixing is continued at about 100°C. for 30 minutes to give 110 kg. of a homogeneous adhesive mass. The adhesive mass is allowed to cool and is flattened into an adhesive layer of the desired thickness of about 35 mils (about 0.889 mm). A sheet of polyethylene is laminated to one surface and the triamcinolone acetonide-mineral oil dispersion described in Example 1 is laminated to the other adhesive surface. The resulting dressing contains 0.75 mg./in.² (0.116 mg/cm²) of triamcinolone acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 4 Following the procedure of Example 3 but employing the triamcinolone acetonide-mineral oil dispersion of Example 2, a dressing is obtained containing 0.15 mg./in.² (0.0232 mg/cm²) of triamcinolone acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 5 A pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared consisting of the following ingredients: Ingredient Weight percent within the adhesive mass Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM - MH) 9.5 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex MM - L100) 9.5 Mineral oil 14.4 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 22.2 Pectin 22.2 Gelatin 22.2 The Vistanex MM-L100 (5.7 kg.) is added to the mixer and agitated for several minutes. The Vistanex LM-MH (5.7 kg.) is added and mixing continued for about 5 minutes. The gelatin is then added (13.3 kg.) and mixing continued for another 5 minutes. This is followed by addition of the mineral oil (8.7 kg.) over a period of several minutes followed by the sodium carboxymethylcellulose (13.3 kg.) and pectin (13.3 kg.). Mixing is continued for another 20 minutes to give 60 kg. of a homogeneous adhesive mass. The adhesive mass is flattened into an adhesive layer of the desired thickness of about 35 mils (about 0.889 mm). A sheet of polyethylene is laminated to one surface and the triamcinolone acetonide-mineral oil dispersion described in Example 1 is laminated to the other adhesive surface. The resulting dressing contains 0.75 mg./in.² (0.116 mg/cm²) of triamcinolone acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 6 Following the procedure of Example 5 but employing the triamcinolone acetonide-mineral oil dispersion of Example 2, a dressing is obtained containing 0.15 mg./in.² (0.0232 mg/cm²) of triamcinolone acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 7 An adhesive dressing is prepared as described by Pawelchak et al. in Example 1 of U.S. Patent 4,538,603. The dressing consists of a layer of open cell polyurethane foam of about 0.045 inches (about 1.14 mm) thickness having a skin formed on one surface and an adhesive layer of about 0.005 inches (about 0.127 mm) on the other surface. This adhesive layer consists of: Ingredient Percent by weight in the adhesive layer Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM - MH) 18.0 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex MM L-100) 20.0 Tackifier (Piccolyte) 20.0 Antioxidant (BHT) 0.5 Mineral oil 8.5 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 18.00 Gelatin 15.0 A skin-contacting adhesive layer of 0.04 inches (1.02 mm) thickness is laminated to the adhesive layer described above. The skin-contacting adhesive layer consists of: Ingredient Percent by weight in the skin-contacting adhesive layer Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM - MH) 40 Pectin 20 Gelatin 20 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 20 The triamcinolone acetonide - mineral dispersion described in Example 1 is laminated to the skin-contacting adhesive layer to give a dressing containing 0.75 mg./in.² (0.116 mg/cm²) of triamcinolone acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 8 Following the procedure of Example 7 but employing the triamcinolone acetonide-mineral oil dispersion described in Example 2, a dressing is obtained containing 0.15 mg./in.² (0.0232 mg/cm²) of triamcinole acetonide at the adhesive surface. Example 9 Following the procedure of Example 1 but replacing the triamcinolone acetonide with betamethasone valerate at a concentration of 0.1 mg. per 5.5 mg. of mineral oil-Plastibase-betamethasone valerate mixture and 1.0 mg. per 5.5 mg. of mineral oil-Plastibase-betamethasone valerate mixture to give dressings having from about 0.075 to 0.093 mg./in² (about 0.0116 to about 0.0144 mg/cm²) and from about 0.85 to 1.0 mg./in² (about 0.132 to about 0.155 mg/cm²) of betamethasone valerate at the adhesive surface. Example 10 Following the procedure of Example 1 but replacing the triamcinolone acetonide with dithranol at a concentration of 0.l mg. per 5.5 mg. of mineral oil-Plastibase-dithranol mixture and l.0 mg. per 5.5 mg. of mineral oil-Plastibase-dithranol mixture to give dressings having 0.075 mg./in² (0.0116 mg/cm²) and 0.95 mg./in² (0.147 mg/cm²) of dithranol at the adhesive surface. Examples 11 - 17 Following the procedures of Examples 1 to 10, pressure-sensitive adhesive layers are formed of the following ingredients and a pharmaceutically active agent dispersed in thickened mineral oil is laminated to the skin-contacting adhesive surface at varying concentrations. EXAMPLE Ingredient 11 12 13 14 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM-MH) 10.2 8.0 20.0 35.0 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex MM-L100) - - 20.0 - Butyl rubber - 16.25 - - Styrene-isoprene stryrene copolymer (Kraton D1107) 12.6 6.0 - - Tackifier 8.95 12.75 20.0 - Mineral Oil 25.1 11.50 19.5 9.5 Antioxidant 0.05 0.50 0.5 0.5 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 31.0 20.0 - - Calcium carboxymethylcellulose - - - 15.0 Pectin - - - - Gelatin - - - - Guar gum - 15.0 - - Gum karaya - 10.0 - - Xanthan gum - - - 15.0 Mixed Sodium/Calcium alginate - - - 15.0 Carrageenan - - - - Water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di-Sol) 12.1 - - - Water-insoluble starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer (Water Lock A-100) - - 20.0 - Water-insoluble cross-linked dextran - - - 10.0 Concentration of pharmaceutically active ingredient at skin-contacting adhesive surface 0.65 mg/in² (0.101 mg/cm²) 0.55 mg/in² (0.0852 mg/cm²) 0.45 mg/in² (0.0697 mg/cm²) 0.25 mg/in² (0.0382 mg/cm²) EXAMPLE Ingredient 15 16 17 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex LM-MH) 10.0 10.0 30.0 Polyisobutylene (Vistanex MM-L100) - - - Butyl rubber - 15.0 10.0 Styrene-isoprene stryrene copolymer (Kraton D1107) 15.0 8.0 - Tackifier 5.0 7.95 - Mineral Oil 9.5 20.0 15.0 Antioxidant 0.5 0.05 - Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 20.0 15.0 - Calcium carboxymethylcellulose - - - Pectin - 12.0 - Gelatin - 12.0 - Guar gum 20.0 - 20.0 Gum karaya - - - Xanthan gum - - - Mixed Sodium/Calcium alginate - - 15.0 Carrageenan 20.0 - - Water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di-Sol) - - - Water-insoluble starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer (Water Lock A-100) - - 10.0 Water-insoluble cross-linked dextran - - - Concentration of pharmaceutically active ingredient at skin-contacting adhesive surface 0.70 mg/in² (0.108 mg/cm²) 0.50 mg/in² (0.0775 mg/cm²) 0.30 mg/in² (0.0465 mg/cm²)

Claims: An adhesive dressing containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient and comprising a flexible backing member laminated to one surface of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a pharmaceutically active ingredient in the adhesive layer, said pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprising a homogeneous mixture of one or more polyisobutylenes or one or more polyisobutylenes and one or more elastomers, one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents, and various optional ingredients, wherein said pharmaceutically active ingredient is present substantially only at the skin-contacting surface of the adhesive layer and in the regions of the adhesive layer closest to the skin-contacting surface, and wherein said pharmaceutically active ingredient is incorporated or deposited at the skin-contacting surface by dispersing the active ingredient in a medium which is compatible with the composition of the adhesive layer, casting such dispersion on release paper, and then laminating said coated release paper onto the skin-contacting surface of said adhesive layer, said dispersing medium being selected from mineral oil and thickened mineral oil. An adhesive dressing of claim 1 wherein said adhesive layer prior to incorporation of the pharmaceutically active ingredient comprises from 15% to 50% by weight of one or more low molecular weight polyisobutylenes or blends of one or more low molecular weight polyisobutylenes and one or more elastomers, from 20% to 70% by weight of one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents, up to 25% by weight of mineral oil, and up to 20% by weight of tackifiers, and wherein said elastomer if present is selected from butyl rubber, medium and high molecular weight polyisobutylenes, and styrene radial or block copolymers, said moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble agents are selected from sodium carboxymethylcellulose, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, pectin, gelatin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, xanthan gum, mixed sodium/calcium salts of alginic acid, and carrageenan, said moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-swellable agents are selected from water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-insoluble starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymers, and water-insoluble cross-linked dextran, and said flexible backing member is selected from polymeric films, woven and nonwoven fabrics, and polymeric foams. An adhesive dressing of claim 2 wherein said pharmaceutically active ingredient is a topically active anti-inflammatory agent. An adhesive dressing of claim 3 wherein said anti-inflammatory agent is triamcinolone acetonide and said dispersing medium is thickened mineral oil. An adhesive dressing of claim 4 wherein said skin-contacting adhesive layer prior to incorporation of the active ingredient comprises: a) 8% by weight of low molecular weight polyisobutylene, 6% by weight of a styrene-isoprene-styrene block polymer, 16.25% by weight of butyl rubber, 12.75% by weight of tackifier, 11.5% by weight of mineral oil, 0.5% by weight of antioxidant, 15% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15% by weight of pectin, and 15% by weight of gelatin; or b) 9.55% by weight of low molecular weight polyisobutylene, 20.55% by weight of a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, 12.8% tackifier, 20.45% mineral oil, 1.55% antioxidant, 25.7% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and 9.4% water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose; or c) 9.5% by weight of low molecular weight polyisobutylene, 9.5% by weight of medium molecular weight polyisobutylene, 14.4% by weight of mineral oil, 22.2% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 22.2% by weight of pectin, and 22.2% by weight of gelatin; or d) 40% by weight of low molecular weight polyisobutylene, 20% by weight of pectin, 20% by weight of gelatin, and 20% by weight sodium carboxymethylcellulose. A method of preparing an adhesive dressing containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient comprising: a) forming a pressure-sensitive adhesive mass by blending until homogeneous one or more polyisobutylenes or one or more polyisobutylenes and one or more elastomers, one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents, and various optional ingredients, b) converting said pressure-sensitive adhesive mass into a flattened skin-contacting adhesive layer, c) laminating a flexible backing member to one surface of the homogeneous pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, d) dispersing a pharmaceutically active ingredient into a medium that is compatible with the composition of the skin-contacting adhesive layer, said medium being selected from mineral oil and thickened mineral oil, e) coating or casting said dispersion as a uniform layer onto release paper, and f) laminating said coated or cast-on release paper onto the skin-contacting adhesive surface so that said active ingredient is transferred substantially only to the skin-contacting adhesive surface and to the regions of the adhesive layer adjacent said surface. The method of claim 6 which comprises layering said pressure-sensitive adhesive mass onto a sheet of silicone-coated release paper in step b) and, after step c), removing said sheet of silicone-coated release paper from said skin-contacting adhesive layer to provide a skin-contacting adhesive surface onto which said coated or cast-on release paper is laminated in step f). The method of claim 7 wherein said pharmaceutically active ingredient is a topically active anti-inflammatory agent. The method of claim 8 wherein said anti-inflammatory agent is triamcinolone acetonide and said dispersing medium is thickened mineral oil, said skin-contacting adhesive layer prior to incorporation of the pharmaceutically active ingredient comprises from 15% to 50% by weight of one or more low molecular weight polyisobutylenes or blends of one or more low molecular weight polyisobutylenes and one or more elastomers, from 20% to 70% by weight of one or more moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble and/or water-swellable agents, up to 25% by weight of mineral oil, and up to 20% by weight of tackifiers, said elastomer if present is selected from butyl rubber, medium and high molecular weight polyisobutylenes, and styrene radial or block copolymers, said moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-soluble agents are selected from sodium carboxymethylcellulose, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, pectin, gelatin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, xanthan gum, mixed sodium/calcium salts of alginic acid, and carrageenan, said moisture-absorbing, moisture-transmitting, water-swellable agents are selected from a water-insoluble cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-insoluble starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymers, and water-insoluble cross-linked dextran, and said flexible backing member is selected from polymeric films, woven and nonwoven fabrics, and polymeric foams.

Inventors: CILENTO RODOLFO DOMINIC, FAIRBROTHER JOHN ESAM, FRANK MARGARET ANN, FREEMAN FRANK MICHAEL, CILENTO, RODOLFO DOMINIC, FAIRBROTHER, JOHN ESAM, FRANK, MARGARET ANN, FREEMAN, FRANK MICHAEL
Applicants: SQUIBB & SONS INC, E.R. SQUIBB & SONS, INC.
Application year: 1988
Main classification: A61L15
IPC codes: A61K9, A61L15