SECURING HANDLES TO PLASTICS CONTAINERS

Abstract: A plastics strap handle is secured to a plastics container body by means of a spigot (2) which is pushed into the wall (7) of the container body to form a socket (11). Material from the wall around the socket is coined into an annulus (12) surrounding the shank (4) of the spigot to retain the head (3) of the spigot in the socket.

Description: The invention relates to the field of securing a strap handle to a preformed plastics container body. Large plastics containers such as paint cans are generally provided with a wire or strap handle made of steel or plastics; this handle being usually retained on the container body by rivets or lugs moulded integrally with the container body and projecting outwardly thereof. Such outward projections from an otherwise uninterrupted surface cause difficulties in the high speed decoration of the containers and hence moves have been made to introduce alternative means of retaining the handles using inwardly projecting sockets on the container body and matching projections on the ends of the handle. The sockets may be moulded as an integral part of the container, but this necessitates the use of collapsible core moulds which are complicated, expensive, and prone to operational problems. In a method and apparatus described in European Patent Application 0207764 the sockets are cold-formed using standard tooling after the decoration of the container has been accomplished, and oversized projections on the two ends of the plastic handle are forced into the sockets using an appropriate handle assembly machine. The disadvantages of this prior method lie in its being a two-stage process and in the accuracy of the positional alignment required on the second machine by which the handle projections are located against the mouths of the sockets and forced into them. The object of the present invention is to utilize the well known cold-forming (coining) characteristics of resilient thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene, to effect the securing of a plastics or metal strap handle to the wall of a container body in one operation. According to the present invention there is provided a method of securing a handle to a preformed plastics container body, wherein the handle is in the form of an elongate strap having a lateral projection at least one end thereof in the form of a spigot having a head portion at its free end and a shank connecting the head portion to the strap; the diameter of the shank being less than the diameter of the head portion, the method comprising the steps of: a) locally supporting the wall of the container body on the inside by means of a female die having a recess of diameter greater than that of the head portion of the spigot and opening against the wall of the container body; b) pushing the spigot into the die from the outside of the container body such that material from the container body wall is plastically deformed into the recess of the die around the spigot head portion to form a socket; and c) squeezing the wall of the container body in the region of the socket such that material from the wall of the container body is plastically deformed into the annulus surrounding the shank of the spigot to retain the head portion of the spigot in the socket. Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIGURES 1a and 1b show the end of a plastics strap handle having a projection in the form of a spigot formed thereon; FIGURE 2 shows a cross-section through one end of a plastics strap handle at a first stage of the operation in which it is secured to the side wall of a container body; FIGURE 3 shows a cross-section through the plastics handle at a second stage of the operation in which it is secured to the side wall of a container body; FIGURE 4 shows a cross-section of the end of a strap handle secured to the side wall of a container body and having an alternative construction of projection; FIGURE 5 shows a schematic representation of the tooling used to effect securing of the handle to the container body wall; FIGURE 6 shows a modified construction of handle projection being secured by means of modified tooling; FIGURE 7 shows a further modified form of handle projection; FIGURE 8 shows a side view of a container body with a handle of Figure 7 secured thereon and held in a downward position; FIGURE 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the end of a handle and tooling for fitting the handle to a container body wall; FIGURE 10 shows a side view of a container body having a handle according to Figure 9 secured thereto and held in a downward position; and FIGURE 11 shows a section through a yet further modified form of handle projection. In Figure 1a the end of a handle 1 in the form of an elongate moulded polypropylene strap is shown having a spigot 2 projecting laterally therefrom. The spigot has a rounded head portion 3 at its free end, a base portion 5 connected to the strap and forming a platform raised from the web of the strap, and a cylindrical shank 4 connecting the head portion 3 to the base portion 5. As can be seen from the drawing, the diameter of the shank 4 is less than the diameter of the head portion 3 and the diameter of the base portion 5 is greater than the diameter of the head portion 3. An annular step 6 is formed at the junction between the shank 4 and the head portion 3. Figure 1b shows an alternative embodiment of the handle end shown in Figure 1a in which the face of the base portion directed towards the head portion is inclined at an angle of approximately 30°. This construction of the spigot has been found to be more efficient in plastically deforming material from the container wall into the annulus surrounding the shank 4. The operation of securing the handle to the body of a container (also moulded from polypropylene) is shown in Figures 2 and 3. The side wall 7 of the container body is locally supported on the inside thereof by a female die 8. The die 8 has a cylindrical recess 9 formed therein of diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the head portion 3 of the spigot projection. A hammer 10 forces the spigot projection into the recess 9 from the outside of the container such that material from the container wall 7 is plastically deformed into the cylindrical recess 9 around the spigot head portion to form a socket 11. Further movement of the hammer beyond the position shown in Figure 2 into the position shown in Figure 3 causes the side wall of the container to be squeezed between the base 5 of the spigot and the supporting die 8. As shown in Figure 3 this causes material from the side wall 7 to be plastically deformed into the annulus 12 surrounding the shank 4 to retain the spigot head portion 3 in the socket 11. In an example, the container body is moulded from polypropylene (although other resilient thermoplastic materials may be used) and has a wall thickness of about 1.5 mm. Using a spigot having a hemispherical head portion of diameter 7 mm and a die having a recess 9 of diameter 8 mm and adequately robust socket of wall thickness about 0.3 mm can be formed. A force of between 5,000 and 10,000 Newtons is required to be applied between the hammer 10 and the die 8 to effect deformation of material into the annulus surrounding the shank 4. In order to improve the strength of the handle attachment it may be required to increase the diameter of the head portion of the spigot to about 9 mm so that the shank has a diameter of about 7 mm. In this case the diameter of the recess 9 will be about 10 mm. In an alternative embodiment shown in Figure 4 the shank 4 is of extended length and the head portion is reduced. As can be seen from Figure 4, some elastic recovery of the socket takes place when the pressure of the hammer is removed. In the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 this recovery serves to hold the step 6 on the spigot tightly against the material coined into the annulus 12, whereas in the case of the Figure 4 embodiment some degree of translational movement of the spigot will be possible even after elastic recovery has taken place and this will facilitate removal of the spigot projection from the socket if required. A spigot projection formed in this way can be re-secured to the container body wall by snap-fitting into the socket 11. Apparatus for securing both ends of a strap handle to a container body wall is shown diagrammatically in Figure 5 in which a single die tool 8 having cylindrical recesses 9 at either end is shown and co-operates with coaxially aligned hammers 10 which may be pneumatically or mechanically operated. Figure 6 shows an alternative construction of handle and method of securing wherein the base 5 of the spigot projection may be omitted. In this case, coining of the body wall of the container around the socket is effected by means of a profile formed on the end of the die 8. In the embodiment shown the profile is provided by an annular ridge 13 formed on the die 8 surrounding the mouth of the recess 9. When the handle is secured to the container body wall 7 the ridge 13 is forced into the wall and causes material therefrom to be deformed plastically into the annulus 12 surrounding the shank 4. As an example, for a polypropylene container body having a wall thickness of 1.5 mm and a polypropylene handle having a spigot head portion of 7 mm diameter, the die recess 9 may have a diameter of 8 mm and the annular ridge 13 may be 2 mm wide and 1.5 mm high. If the shank of the spigot is about 3 mm in length a load of only 5,000 to 7,500 Newtons is required to effect satisfactory coining of material into the annulus around the shank. Figure 7 shows an alternative construction of the handle and spigot projection which ensures that the handle can be held reliably in a downward orientation. This is important to the commercial exploitation of handled containers where random orientation of the handles on the containers can give rise to difficulties on the equipment for filling the containers. As shown in Figure 7 the head portion of the spigot projection is slightly oval rather than circular. The effect of using such a projection in conjunction with a correspondingly shaped die tool, is to form a slightly oval socket which resists rotation of the handle away from the position in which the socket is formed. Hence if the deformation is effected with the handle in the required downward position, as shown in Figure 8, a slight effort is required to raise the handle, although this is possible due to the elasticity of the socket. An alternative method of providing the hold down feature is shown in Figures 9 and 10 in which the die 8 is provided with a projecting pip 20 at its end engaging the inside wall of the container body. A corresponding depression 21 is provided in the strap handle. When the socket is formed by forcing the spigot projection into the die 8 the pip 20 simultaneously forces material from the container body wall into the depression 21 to form a bump on the outside of the container body wall. As shown in Figure 10, this bump cooperates with the recess 21 to releasably retain the handle in a downward orientation. In a further modification of the spigot, shown in Figure 11, the head portion is of generally hemispherical form but has one or more flat surfaces 30 provided thereon. The flat surfaces help to hold the handle in the downward position in which the socket is formed, but permit the use of a circular die 8.

Claims: 1. A method of securing a handle to a preformed plastics container body (7), wherein the handle is in the form of an elongate strap (1) having a lateral projection at least one end thereof in the form of a spigot (2) having a head portion (3) at its free end and a shank (4) connecting the head portion (3) to the strap (1); the diameter of the shank (4) being less than the diameter of the head portion (3), the method comprising the steps of: a) locally supporting the wall (7) of the container body on the inside by means of a female die (8) having a recess (9) of diameter greater than that of the head portion (3) of the spigot (2) and opening against the wall (7) of the container body; b) pushing the spigot (2) into the die (8) from the outside of the container body such that material from the container body wall is plastically deformed into the recess (9) of the die (8) around the spigot head portion (3) to form a socket (11); and c) squeezing the wall (7) of the container body in the region of the socket (11) such that material from the wall of the container body is plastically deformed into the annulus (12) surrounding the shank (4) of the spigot (2) to retain the head portion (3) of the spigot (2) in the socket (11). 2. A method of securing a handle to a preformed plastics container body as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plastic deformation of material into the annulus (12) surrounding the shank (4) of the spigot (2) is effected by providing the spigot with a base portion (5) connected to the strap (1) and having a diameter greater than that of the head portion (3), and squeezing the wall (7) of the container between the base portion (5) and the die (8). 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plastic deformation of material into the annulus (12) surrounding the shank (4) of the spigot (2) is effected by providing the end of the die (8) surrounding the recess with a ridged profile (13). 4. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the handle (1) is provided with a spigot (2) at each end thereof and wherein the projections are simultaneously pushed into the wall (7) of the container body at two opposite regions thereof supported by the ends of a single die (8).

Inventors: COLLINS, MALCOLM GEORGE, PARRY, CHRISTOPHER STEPHEN
Applicants: CMB FOODCAN PLC
Application year: 1988
Main classification: B29C65
IPC codes: B65D5, B29C65, B29L22, B21F45, B65D25