Help display forming device for computers or computerized systems

Abstract: The help display forming device for computers and computerized systems comprises at least one help key (13) in a keyboard (10), a display unit (11), a plurality of memories (18, 23) and a microcompu­ ter for detecting operational errors of the keyboard, for designa­ ting desired locations of data displayed and for controlling the dis­ play unit (11). The microcomputer has a function for displaying the content associated with error(s) in a first memory on the display un­ it, when an error is detected and the help key (13) is operated once, and a function for displaying a terminology index stored in a second memory on the display unit when the same or different help key is ope­ rated twice successively, for displaying the terminologies in the third memory corresponding to a capital letter designated by the cur­ sor in the terminology index displayed on the display unit, and for displaying the stored content of a fourth memory corresponding to a terminology designated by the cursor among the terminologies dis­ played on the display unit (11).

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a help display forming device which displays the explanation of terminologies and its operating method or the like on a display, when the operating method and so on are unknown to the user of a computer such as a word processor and personal computer. 2. Description of the Prior Art Conventionally, in large-scale computers, it is so constituted that various error conditions are displayed by messages on a display when errors occur. In a word processor or the like, it is common that, when a specific key is depressed, a help mode which is capable of displaying the explanation of key effective in the state where the specific key is operated during the specific key is operated is included. For example, in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. SHO61(1986)-234426, there is shown a circuit for a business machine comprising a central processing unit, a first memory for storing operation programs of the central processing unit, a second memory for storing help messages and a help key. When the help key is depressed, this interrupts the control program and initiates the display of particular help messages which correspond to the particular conditions in that phase of the control program from the second memory which are then displayed on the screen. In the aforesaid Publication, a function which indicates terminologies responsive to various functions included in the business machine at the request of the user is not disclosed. In Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. SHO62(1987)-49528, a help guide system is shown in which the guide explanation and help explanation are displayed at the user's request, including the explanation of technical expressions or terminologies such as "tab", "indent", "rule", etc., which may not be familiar to the user can be displayed when the user designates them. In the aforesaid system, only the explanation of the terminology in the guide or help explanation is included, but explanation of certain other terminologies can not be indicated independently. Furthermore, in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. SHO61(1986)-223923, an information processing apparatus is disclosed which comprises an analytical functions component for analyzing the sequence or history of input operation or error information, a help information retrieval function component for retrieving help information of a command corresponding to the analyzed result obtained by the analytical function component, and a necessary item extract function component for extracting and displaying only the necessary item corresponding to the analyzed result among the help information retrieved by the help information retrieve function component, and displayes help information including the command, directions for use, etc., when the command input operation in any way is hindered or error information is generated by a particular command. In the aforesaid apparatus, however, the help information displayed is only for the error which occurs at command input, but those for the error responsive to the operational error of input devices such as a keyboard are not indicated. A help display forming device having the features of the preamble of appended claim 1 and of the characterizing part of appended claim 2 is known from Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol. 11, No. 58 (P-550) [2505] corresponding to the publication JP-A-61-223923. Further it is known e. g. from the document EP-A-0 190 419 to select help displays based on an analysis by the system as to what commands are valid or active in the next step in the process or task that the system is performing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is the object of the invention to provide a help display forming device for computerized systems, which device provides the user in a convenient way with help messages when errors occur in operating a key input means. This object is solved by the help display forming device according to the teaching of appended claim 1. It is an essential feature of this device that it automatically displays a help message as soon as an input error has occurred by a predetermined number of times in succession, e. g. twice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the embodiment, Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D and 3E are flow charts showing operations of the embodiment, Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C are views showing displays of state explanation messages in the embodiment respectively, Fig. 5A is a view showing a display of print settings in the embodiment, fig. 5B is a view showing a display of the state explanation message when a help key is operated in the state of print setting display in the embodiment, Figs. 6A, 6B and 6C are views showing displays of error reason messages in the embodiment respectively, Fig. 7 is a view showing a help mode selection display in the embodiment, Figs. 8A, 8B and 8C are views showing help function selection message displays in the embodiment respectively, Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C are view showing terminology explanation message displays in the embodiment respectively, and Figs. 10A, 10B and 10C are views showing key explanation message displays in the embodiment respectively. In Figs. 4 - 10 aforementioned, in respective displays in practice, Japanese characters corresponding to English meaning (translation) shown displayed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Key input means in the present invention usually comprises a keyboard having alphabetical keys or alphabet/kana keys for inputting Japanese, numeral keys and a plurality of function keys, an interface with a microcomputer and control programs. Arrangements of respective keys on the keyboard may be those known in the art, or in the Japanese version, may be arranged in Japanese alphabetical order (kana). Display means is constituted by, for example, a CRT, liquid crystal display panel, its driving circuit and interface with a microcomputer. Error detecting means, in ordinary text input and function input modes, compares whether or not the input-table key is operated with information stored in advance to determine if an operational error of the key input means has occurred and when an error has been detected by disagreement of the compared result, also includes a function to inform the user the occurrence of an error by the sound of an electronic buzzer or by displaying characters on the display means. Terminology used in the present invention means the heading word showing various functions of the device. In the second memory means, terminology indexes in which capital letters of the terminologies are arranged respectively in alphabetical order or in Japanese alphabetical order, for example, a , ka , sa , ta , na , ......, (kana) read laterally are stored. In response thereto, in the third memory means, a plurality of terminologies corresponding to capital letters are stored, and in the fourth memory means, explanations about the functions of the terminology and the operating method for executing the functions are stored. stored. Cursor means comprises a plurality of cursor key in the key input means, a circuit for indicating the cursor on the display means and control programs, and includes a function for moving the cursor indicated on the display means by the operation of the cursor key. Control means comprise basically a microcomputer and a memory such as a ROM for storing programs for controlling the display means. Help key comprises at least one key, and preferably positioned at a distance from various keys of the key input means for inputting the text. The help key may also comprise two keys which are distinguished as the first help key and second help key. According to the aforesaid configuration, when the user has performed the same operational error twice, the explanation corresponding to that particular operational error is displayed automatically, and therefore the operation is convenient to use. One embodiment of the present invention will be explained in conjunction with a Japanese word processor as follows. In Fig. 1, numeral 10 denotes a keyboard including alphabet/kana (letter) keys, numeral keys, function keys and so on, 11 is a display unit such as a dot-matrix type liquid crystal display, 12 is a printer for printing texts generated and 13 is a help key positioned independently at a distance from the keyboard. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the embodiment, in which 14 is a key input select processing unit which determines how to process character strings (data) and function signals inputted from the keyboard 10, and transfers the inputted character strings and function signals to either the function processing unit 15 or the kana/Chinese character conversion processing unit 16 or to a state judging processing unit 17a. The function processing unit 15 is a unit for executing the edit processing function (i.e., right margin shifting, centering, copying, printing, etc.) defined on the keyboard 10, the kana/Chinese character conversion processing unit 16 is a unit for converting the transferred character string of kana or the like into the character string including kana and Chinese characters, and the state judging processing unit 17a is a unit for monitoring the input state at the time when the character string is inputted continuously in order to operate the help mode processing, which is initiated by the help signal sent from the key input select processing unit 14 and generated when the help key 13 is depressed, and by detecting the state when the input error has occurred more than once (for example, twice) in succession. 17b is an edit processing unit which edits and processes the character string including kana and Chinese characters and stores it in a text memory 18. The character string stored in the text memory 18 is converted into bit image data for display in an edit processing text memory development processing unit 19 and also stored in an image buffer 20. The bit image data stored in the image buffer 20 is stored in a display buffer 22 via a buffer switching unit 21 and displayed successively on the display unit 11. 23 is a help memory unit which stores explanations (messages) corresponding to respective cases, when some function processing is displayed selectively (state help), when a character string or function signal which can not be received by the existing processing are sent (error help), when the help signal is generated in the ordinary kana/Chinese character conversion input processing state, and successively the function signal defined on the keyboard 10 is sent (key explanation help), and when the help signal is further generated in succession to the help signal in the ordinary kana/Chinese character conversion input processing state (terminology explanation help). Respective explanations stored in the help memory unit 23 are read by a help data processing development unit 24 and developed into bit image data and stored in an image buffer 25 when the help mode is initiated. The bit image data stored in the image buffer 25 is displayed by the display unit 11 via the buffer switching unit 21 and display buffer 22. Respective processing units aforementioned are constituted by a microcomputer. Help mode defined herein is the mode which informs the user how to operate and cope with when the operation is incomprehensible due to unfamiliarity and counter-measures at the occurrence of error are unknown. Furthermore, in the case other than the operation of the help key 13, the error help can be initiated in response to the detection of the state of error which has occurred twice in succession by the character string and function signal which have not been received by the existing processing. Next, operations of the embodiment will be explained with reference to Fig. 3 to 10. Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D and 3E are flow charts showing operations of the embodiment. First, the operation of state help aforementioned will be explained. When the text input mode is switched over to the function mode while the user is inputting the desired text (Steps 100, 101), a certain function key required is then depressed to call up the function mode. It is determined in this state whether the receivable key is operated (Step 102). The act of switching to the function mode is detected by the state judging processing unit 17a, which in turn waits for the input of the help signal. When the help key 13 is depressed in this state (Step 103), the help signal is inputted to the state judging processing unit 17a, and the state explanation message corresponding to the function key which has been depressed is read from the help memory unit 23 and processed by the help data development processing unit 24, then transferred to the display buffer 22 via the buffer switching unit 21 after having been stored in the image buffer 25. Bit image data stored in the display buffer 22 is displayed successively on the display unit 11 (Step 104). State explanation messages to be displayed comprise the text which explains the function of the function key which has been depressed, or in other words, which function is in the selected state, and explanation statements of the key executable in the displayed state of the state explanation message and the key function. Fig. 4A is a display showing examples of the state explanation message displayed by operating the help key 13, when the function key of "Print" is operated and the ordinary print is selected in the selection display corresponding to the print function. Similarly, Figs. 4B and 4C are displays showing examples of the state explanation message in the state where normal print and one line print are selected respectively in the selection display of corresponding to the print function. In the state where the state explanation message is displayed, it is determined whether the executable key (execution key, release key and cursor shift key in Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C) is depressed (Step 105), and if the executable key is depressed its function is executed. That is, if the executable key is the execution key, the function in that state is executed, if it is the release key, release of the help mode and function mode is executed and if it is cursor shift key, cursor shift to the next item is executed respectively. If the executable key is not operated in Step 105 and the help key 13 is further depressed (Step 106), the processing returns to the initial state of the function mode and the key input is to be waited. When the function key of the "Print" function is depressed and the help key 13 is also depressed in the print setting display shown in Fig. 5A, the state explanation message shown in Fig. 5B is displayed in Step 104. In the print setting display shown in Fig. 5A, since the cursor 26 is at a position designating print start page, the numeral key and execution key are shown as the executable keys in the state explanation message. If the user wants to execute the print function immediately in this state, he may operate the execution key and if the input for setting the print start line, he may operate the numeral key, when he does not want to set the executable keys but the item after the second one in the print setting display, he can return to the print setting display by depressing the help key 13 again. As a means to get out of the state help display, there are two methods, one is to operate the executable key shown in the display and the other is to operate the help key 13. When the help key 13 is not depressed in Step 103, it is first determined whether or not the execution key is depressed (Step 107), and if it is, function processing is executed, and if the release key is depressed instead (Step 108), it returns to the initial state after releasing the function mode. The operation of error help which is initiated when the keyboard 10 is operated incorrectly will now be explained. The text input mode is determined in Step 100, and in Step 109 it is determined whether or not a key not receivable (execution is not possible by depressing the key at that point) is depressing. When the key not receivable is operated the error state is determined, and in Step 109A it is judged whether the error has occurred twice in succession. When the error has occurred twice, the processing moves immediately to Step 111 and the error reason message is displayed. When it is the first error, it is determined whether the help key operation or the key other than the help key 13 such as the error release key is inputted (Step 110). When the release key is depressed, it returns to Step 109 to detect the state of next key input. When the help key 13 is depressed, the processing moves to Step 111 to display the error reason message. The error reason message is read from the help memory unit 23 in the same way as the case of the state help and displayed on the display unit 12 (Step 111). The error reason message which is displayed is composed of explanation statements of the reason corresponding to the error plus the receivable key and its function. It is determined whether the help key 13 is depressed to finish the explanation of the error help (Step 112), and if the help key 13 is depressed, the processing unit 14 waits for the next key input. When the error has occurred in the function mode which is different from the aforementioned case, namely, when it is depressed the key not receivable, in Step 102 the error state is determined, and in Step 102A it is judged whether the error has occurred twice in succession. If it is the second error, the processing moves to Step 114 immediately to display the error reason message. When it is the first error, it is determined whether the help key operation or a key other than the help key 13 such as the error release key is depressed (Step 113). When it is the release key, the processing returns to Step 102 to detect the state of next key input. When the help key 13 is depressed, the error reason message is displayed in Step 114. It is determined in Step 115 whether the help key 13 is depressed in succession to Step 114, and if it is depressed, the processing unit 14 waits for the next key input. Fig. 3D is a flow chart showing the aforesaid error help operation more particularly when the error state is detected by determining the key not receivable in Step 109 (or 102), the error is indicated in Step 130. The user is informed acoustically by an electronic buzzer and the like, or simultaneously, "Error" may be displayed on the display unit 12. Thereafter, it is judged in Step 109A (or 102A) whether the error has occurred twice successively, if it is the second error, the processing moves immediately to Step 111 (or 114), and if it is the first error, it is judged whether the help key or the release key is depressed (Step 110 (113), Step 131). When the release key is depressed, the processing moves to Step 132 from Step 131 to release the error state and returns to Step 109 (or 102) to detect the next key input. When the help key is depressed, the processing moves to Steps 111 (or 114) and 112 (or 115). It is a feature of the error help to display the error reason message automatically without depressing the help key 13 when the error has occurred twice successively to improve operating performance. Displays showing examples of the error reason message in the function mode are shown respectively in Figs. 6A, 6B and 6C. Fig. 6A is a display showing an example in which the key error has occurred in the selection display of directory lists in the function mode of "address management". Fig. 6B shows an example which is displayed at the directory list print stop in the function mode, and Fig. 6C shows an example displayed with respect to the error occurred in the selection display in the function mode of "calling of letter statement example". Errors occurring in the respective cases above are communicated to the user acoustically by the electronic buzzer and the like, or simultaneously, an "error" may be displayed in the display unit 12. Next, the function of help mode and the operation of the explanation of terminology will be explained. In the text input mode, after determination in Step 109, whether or not the help key 13 has been depressed twice is determined (Step 116, 117). That is, when the help key 13 is depressed twice successively, it is switched to the help mode selection display as shown in Fig. 7 (Step 118). In the help mode selection display, when the cursor is moved to the display of "explanation of help key" by a cursor shift key and the execution key (Step 119), help function explanation messages as shown in Figs. 8A, 8B and 8C are displayed in the display unit 12 (Step 120). The help function explanation message is a statement explaining how to operate the help key, and explains the help functions for three cases shown in Figs. 8A, 8B and 8C. When the "explanation of help key" is selected, first the display of Fig. 8A is indicated, and thereafter, by operating the cursor shift key displays are scrolled and contents shown in Fig. 8B and 8C are displayed successively in the display unit 12. Then, it is determined whether the release key has been depressed in succession to Step 120 (Step 121), and when it is depressed, the processing unit 14 waits for the next key input when it is in the text input mode. The operation of terminology explanation will now be explained. First, in the help mode selection display in Step 118, the cursor 26 is moved to the display indicating the explanation of terminologies" by the cursor shift key to depress the execution key. Thereby, the terminology explanation message is displayed (Step 122). Terminology explanation message displays are constituted by, as shown in Figs. 9A, 9B and 9C, the index retrieval display of various terminology explanations, the index selection display of the terminology included in a line in which the capital letter designated the specific terminology to be selected by using the index retrieval display, and the explanation display for explaining the function and operation of the terminology selected by the index selection display. Fig. 3E is a flow chart showing the terminology explanation message display (Step 122) more particularly. First, the terminology index is displayed in the display unit 11 (Step 122a). In the terminology index display or index retrieval display, the capital letters of terminologies are displayed such as, a , ka , sa , ta , na ...... , Japanese alphabets (kana) read horizontally. When the user moves the cursor 26 to the desired character display by operating the cursor shift key for retrieval and depressed the execution key (Step 122b), the display on the display unit 11 is switched to the index selection display or listing display of the terminologies corresponding to the selected character. It is assumed that a line is selected here. When the cursor shift key is depressed to move the cursor 26 to the desired terminology display in the index selection display and when the execution key is depressed (Step 122c), the explanation display is switched and the desired terminology explanation is displayed (Step 122d). Assuming "print address" is selected here, examples of the index selection display and explanation display for that case are shown in Figs. 9B and 9C. It is determined then whether the release key is depressed in succession to Step 122 (Step 123), if the release key is depressed, the processing unit 14 waits for the next key input in the text input mode. When it is determined in Step 116 that the next key selected is not the help key 13, in Step 124 it is determined whether the key depressed is a character key, if it is a character key, character codes corresponding to the character key are stored in the text memory 18 (Step 125) and the processing unit 14 waits for the next key input. When the help key 13 is not depressed in Step 117 after it has been depressed in Step 116, it is determined whether another key is depressed (Step 126). When a certain key is selected in Step 126, the key explanation message is displayed in the display unit 12 (Step 127), and if no key is selected, the processing returns to Step 117. Key explanation messages are, as shown in Figs. 10A, 10B and 10C, constituted by statements which explain the function of the key selected and the operation for executing its function. Fig. 10A is a display showing an example of key explanation messages when the print stop key is depressed, similarly, Fig. 10B is an example of the key explanation message when using the half width key and Fig. 10C is that of the double width key. Then, it is determined whether the release key is depressed in succession to Step 127 (Step 128), and if then the processing unit 14 waits for the next key to be inputted. Though embodiments in the Japanese word processor have been explained, it follows that they are also applicable in the other machines using the microprocessor such as the English word processor, personal computer and office computer. According to the present invention, since the desired terminology can be retrieved easily among a number of terminologies at request of the user, and explanations of the function of retrieved terminologies and the key operation for executing its function can be displayed on the display means by simple key operation, it is easy to operate. Moreover, when functions of some key itself are unknown, the user can obtain the explanation of the key functions by a simple key operation. Furthermore, when an operational error occurs because of key input error, since the explanation statement giving the reason for that operational error is displayed automatically, only when required by the user, or when the error has occurred, for example, twice successively, an explanation statement can be obtained according to skill of the user.

Claims: A help display forming device for a computerized system comprising: key input means (10); display means (11) for displaying data; memory means (23) for storing explanations of operating methods of the key input means; and error detecting means (17a) for detecting errors in operating the key input means, and for retrieving an explanation from said memory means which is associated to the detected error; characterized in that said error detecting means (17a) is arranged to detect the state when an input error has occurred by a predetermined number, which is at least 2, of times in succession, and for automatically outputting said associated error explanation on said display means. A device according to claim 1, which comprises a help key (13) responsively connected to said error detecting means (17a) to display the error explanation as retrieved by said error detecting means when an error has occurred once.

Inventors: ITO MATSUTAKA, MAKINO FUSAO, NAGASAWA HIROYUKI, TAKEDA KATSUNORI, ITO, MATSUTAKA, MAKINO, FUSAO, NAGASAWA, HIROYUKI, TAKEDA, KATSUNORI
Applicants: SHARP KK, SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1988
Main classification: G06F3
IPC codes: G06F9