EQUIPMENT FOR DELIVERING FLUID

Abstract: Equipment for delivering fluids such as herbicides comprises a handset which supports delivery means such as a spraying head on a support tube 4. The handset receives a container 134 of fluid which is to be distributed, this container being received within a cavity 132 in the handset. The container is retained within the cavity 132 by latching elements 166 provided on a pivotable lever 162. As the container 134 is inserted into the cavity 132, the container engages a cam 168 which causes the lever 162 to pivot into the engaged position. An outlet fitting 150 provided on the container is automatically engaged with an inlet fitting communicating with a supply duct 10 for supplying fluid from the container to the spraying head.

Description: This invention relates to equipment for delivering fluids, and is particularly, although not exclusively, concerned with equipment for delivering herbicides over the ground. There exist hand-held lances for delivering herbicide which comprise a handset and a delivery device, in the form of a spraying head, which is connected to the handset by a tubular support. The handset is held by the operator, and the tubular support enables him to position the delivery device just above the ground to be treated. Such a lance is disclosed in EP-A-0175998. It is conventional for the herbicide to be supplied to the lance from a container which may be supported over the shoulder of the operator or carried in a back-pack. One form of known container is a collapsible bag, for example of plastics material, which is accommodated in a rigid casing, such as a cardboard box. Such containers are similar to those which are sometimes used for packaging wine. This however, is a relatively expensive form of packaging, since it is necessary not only to form and fill the bags, but also to form the cardboard boxes and then to insert the filled bags into the boxes. It is also known for the container to be in the form of a bottle having a screwthreaded neck which is engagable with a correspondingly screwthreaded socket provided on the lance, a duct extending from the socket to the delivery device. However, this arrangement is somewhat clumsy to use, since the bottle must be presented to the lance without a cap, and cannot be connected to the lance with a rapid action. Instead, both the relatively unwieldy lance and the bottle must be held by the operator while the neck of the bottle is screwed fully home into the socket. There is subsequently a serious danger that herbicide may be spilt during this operation. Such spillage is wasteful of a possibly expensive product, is hazardous to the operator, and may be destructive of plants on which it may unintentionally fall. Hand-held lances of the types described above have so far been designed with professional users in mind. By "professional users" is meant local authorities and similar undertakings who need to treat relatively large areas of ground, using properly trained personnel. It is appropriate for such users to purchase the herbicide in relatively large quantities, for example in packages containing three litres. It would not make sense, however, for most domestic users to purchase herbicide in such large quantities when much smaller quantities, for example less than 0.5 litres, would be sufficient to treat the average-sized private garden. Furthermore, the dangers of spillage which are present with the second type of lance described above are even more likely to occur when the equipment is used by untrained amateurs. DE-C-3517122 discloses a paint spray gun having a support bracket for receiving a container of paint to be sprayed, the container being retained in the bracket by releasable retaining means, comprising a retaining member which is pivotably mounted on the spray gun. The container has an outlet fitting which releasably engages an inlet fitting of a duct of the spray gun which extends from the inlet fitting to a discharge opening of the spray gun. In the known spray gun, the retaining member must be moved separately into a retaining position after the container has been fitted. Also, the retaining member can be overcome merely by moving the container out of the bracket. According to the present invention, the container is releasably retained with respect to a support member by a latch member which has a cam which is operable by the container during displacement of the container to engage the outlet fitting with the inlet fitting, thereby to cause the latch member to be displaced from a released position to a retaining position in which it engages the container. With equipment in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to connect the container securely to the supporting member with a single rapid action, minimising the possibility of spillage. The mere action of presenting the container to the supporting member in such a manner as to engage the outlet fitting with the inlet fitting is sufficient to cause the latching means to be operated to secure the container to the handset. The container then cannot be removed from the supporting member without first moving the latch member to the released position. The latching means is preferably entirely separate from the outlet and inlet fittings, so that the weight of the container is not supported solely by the outlet and inlet fittings. This avoids unnecessary strain on these fittings, and consequently reduces the possibility of leakage. In a preferred embodiment, the latch member engages the container with a snap action so that it is maintained in the retained position by the cooperation of the latch member with the container. Preferably, the supporting member is provided with a cavity within which the container is at least partly received. The cavity and the container may be provided with cooperating formations which serve to guide the container with respect to the supporting member as the container is being inserted and withdrawn. This provision ensures reliable engagement between the outlet and the inlet fittings, which may be engagable with each other as a push fit. For a better understanding of the present invention, and to show how it may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a sectioned side view of a handset of a lance for delivering herbicide; Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the handset of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a rear view of the handset of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 is a side view of a container provided in the handset of Figures 1 to 3; Figure 5 is a front view of the container of Figure 4; and Figure 6 is a rear view of the containers shown in Figures 4 and 5. The handset 2 shown in Figure 1 is provided with a rigid support member in the form of a tube 4. The tube 4 carries a delivery device at its end opposite the handset 2, in the form of a spraying head which accommodates an electric motor for driving a distribution element in the form of a spinning disc. A duct 10 extends from the handset 2 through the tube 4 to the spraying head. The handset 2 comprises a somewhat U-shaped body made up of a first limb 102, which receives the tube 4, a second limb 104, which constitutes a handle member, and a connecting portion 106. The duct 10 enters the limb 102 and is connected to the outlet of a valve 110. The valve 110 is operated from a control pivot 112, provided on the handle 104, through a linkage comprising two rods 114 and 116 which are operatively connected to each other by a rocker 118. A microswitch 120 is provided on a wall of the connecting portion 106, and is actuated by displacement of the rod 116 when the control pivot 112 is operated. Thus, for operation of the lance, the control pivot 112 serves both to open the valve 110, to cause herbicide to flow to the spraying head, and to actuate the switch 120, to supply power to the motor in the spraying head for rotating the spinning disc 8. The power for this purpose is derived from batteries (not shown) accommodated in the handle 104. As shown in Figure 2, the inlet to the valve 110 comprises a short length of metal pipe 122 having an oblique end 124, the purpose of which will be discussed later in this description. The tube 122 is secured within a partition 126 which is mounted in a fixed position with respect to the handset. The valve 110 is also secured to this partition 126. The partition 126 is provided with an inlet fitting for the valve 110 and consequently for the tube 10. This inlet fitting comprises a tubular socket 128 surrounded by a skirt 130. The tube 122 projects into the socket 128. The socket 128 and the skirt 130 project into a cavity 132 provided in the handset. This cavity 132 is occupied by the forward portion of a container 134 of herbicide. The rearward part of the container 134 projects from the cavity 132, as shown in Figure 1. The container is shown in greater detail in Figures 4 to 6. It comprises two casing halves 136 and 138 which adjoin one another at a seam 140. The two casing halves 136, 138 are substantially mirror images of one another, and so the container as a whole is generally symmetrical about the seam 140. The housing parts 136 and 138 each have a peripheral lip 142, these lips meeting at the seam 140 to provide a peripheral flange extending around the container 134. Furthermore, lateral ribs 144 are provided in the forward portion of the container 146. This forward portion 146 is somewhat narrower than the rear portion 148, with the result that the rear portion 148 of the container is generally flush with the outer surface of the region of the handset defining the cavity 132. A flexible partition (not shown) extends between the casing halves 136 and 138, being secured to these casing halves at the seam 140. The interior of the container is thus divided into two compartments, one of which is defined between the flexible partition and the casing half 136, and the other of which is defined between the flexible partition and the casing half 138. The casing half 136 is provided with an outlet fitting 150 which, as seen in Figure 2, comprises a spigot 152 for engagement within the socket 128, and a collar 154 for engagement around the skirt 130. The tube 122 enters the spigot 152. The casing half 138 is provided with a vent hole (not shown) to permit air to flow into and out of the compartment between the flexible partition and the casing half 138. Although not shown in the drawings, the outlet fitting 150 is provided with a stopper, connected by a flexible strap to the collar 154, for closing the spigot 152 when the container is removed from the cavity 132. A recess 156 may be provided in the flange 142 (see Figure 2) for accommodating the stopper when the container is inserted into the recess 132. The container has, on each side, a recess 158 which opens downwardly and outwardly. Each recess 158 has, on its inner surface, a dimple 160. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the handset is provided with latching means in the form of a lever 162. This lever is freely pivoted, about a pivot axis 164, to the portion 102 of the handset. The lever 162 has latch elements 166, which, when the container 134 is inserted into the recess 132, engage within the recesses 158 to retain the container 134 within the recess 132. These latch elements 166 are provided with projections (not shown) which engage with a snap action in the dimples 160 to retain the lever 162 in the position shown in Figure 1. The lever 162 is provided with a cam 168 which is positioned within the handset. This cam 168 is movable, upon displacement of the lever 162, into and out of the cavity 132. The internal walls of the cavity 132 are provided with formations, such as grooves (not shown) for cooperation with the flange 142 and the ribs 144 to guide the container into and out of the cavity 132. For operation, the container 134 is inserted into the cavity 132 in the direction of the arrow A in Figure 1. During the initial stage of this insertion movement, the lever 162 is pivoted downwardly, for example under its own weight, from the position shown in Figure 1, with the result that the cam 168 projects into the cavity 132. The container 134 is guided into the cavity 132 by cooperation between the formations within the cavity 132 on the one hand, and the flange 142 and ribs 144 on the other hand. This guidance directs the outlet fitting 150 of the container onto the inlet fitting 128, 130 within the handset, so that the spigot 152 enters the socket 128. Similarly, the tube 122 enters the spigot 152, and, if the container is being used for the first time, the oblique end face 124 of the tube 122 serves to cut through a partition provided within the spigot 152, to enable flow from the container, through the valve 110 (when opened), into the tube 10. During the final stage of the movement of the container into the cavity 132, the forward end of the container engages the cam 168, and further displacement of the container 134 causes the lever to be displaced into the position shown in Figure 1, in which the latch elements 166 engage in the recesses 158, the projections on these latch elements 166 snapping into the dimples 160, in order to retain the lever 162 in the engaged position. The final engagement of the latch elements 166 with the recesses 158 and the container 134 may be accomplished by pushing the container firmly inwardly of the cavity 132 in the direction of the arrow A. The proper engagement of the latch elements 166 with the container 134 provides a visual indication that the container is properly seated within the cavity 132, with the outlet fitting 150 cooperating properly with the inlet fitting 128, 130 of the tube 10. The equipment may then be used by an operator, who grasps the handle 104 with one hand and manipulates the control pivot 112 with the thumb of that hand both to open the valve 110 and to actuate the switch 120. The lance is intended to be used with the support tube 4 sloping downwardly from the handset 2 to the spraying head, and so herbicide will flow under gravity from the container 134 to the delivery head. The spinning disc is rotated by the electric motor in the delivery head, under the control of a voltage regulator 16, and the herbicide, upon reaching the disc, is distributed by the disc in the form of droplets. As liquid flows from the container 134, the flexible partition deflects in order to reduce the volume of the compartment containing the herbicide. At the same time, air flows through the vent hole to occupy the other compartment. This avoids the need to provide venting means in the container 134 to permit air to enter the enclosure occupied by the herbicide, without leakage through the venting means. When the container 134 is empty, the flexible partition will be substantially in contact with the entire inner surface of the casing half 136. When the container 134 is completely empty, it is a simple matter to remove it from the cavity 132, by manual operation of the lever 162, and replace it by a full container. It will be appreciated that the containers 134 are not intended to be suitable for refilling by the user, but instead the containers 134 are intended to be replaced in the manner of a cartridge, in order to reduce the risk of operator contact with the herbicide or other fluid within the container 134. Similarly, if the same lance is to be used for different forms of plant treatment, it is a simple matter to replace a container 134 of one fluid, for example a herbicide for killing weeds on paved areas, by a second container 134 containing another fluid, for example a formulation for treating lawns. Of course, it would normally be necessary to pass a cleaning fluid through the lance in order to remove all traces of the original herbicide and such a cleaning fluid may also be packaged in a similar container 134. It will be appreciated that the centre of gravity of the container 134, whether it is full or empty, is behind the handle 104 and so counterbalances the weight of the tube 4 and the spraying head. This feature makes the lance less tiring to use for long periods. At the end of a spraying operation, the container 134 can be removed from the cavity 132 by grasping the lever 162 and pulling it manually downwardly (as shown in Figure 1). This releases the latch elements 166 from the recesses 158 and, at the same time, causes the cam 168 to push the container 134 out of the cavity 132, disengaging the outlet fitting 150 from the inlet fitting 128, 130. The spigot 152 can then be closed by means of the stopper previously retained in the recess 156. It will be appreciated that the system described above enables containers of herbicide, or other fluid such as cleaner, to be rapidly and safely connected to, and disconnected from, the handset with minimal risk of spillage or leakage. It will also be appreciated that, although, in the embodiments of the present invention which have been described with reference to the drawings, the container has been shown within the handset, it would be possible for the container to be fitted at other locations on the delivery equipment, for example on the spraying head.

Claims: 1. Equipment for delivering fluid, comprising a supporting member (2), having a delivery device, and a container (134) of the fluid to be delivered, which container (134) is secured to the supporting member (2) by releasable latching means comprising a latch member (162) which is mounted pivotally on the supporting member (2), the container (134) having an outlet fitting (150) which releasably engages an inlet fitting (128) of a duct (10) of the supporting member (2) which extends from the inlet fitting (128) to the delivery device, characterized in that the latch member (162) has a cam (168) which is operable by the container (134) during displacement of the container (134) to engage the outlet fitting (150) with the inlet fitting (128), thereby to cause the latch member (162) to be displaced from a released position to a retaining position in which it engages the container (134). 2. Equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the container (134) is provided with a recess (158) at a position away from the outlet fitting (150), which recess (158) is engaged by the latch member (162) when the latch member (162) is in the retaining position. 3. Equipment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the latch member (162) engages within the recess (158) with a snap action. 4. Equipment as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the latch member (162) comprises two latch elements (166) which engage respective recesses (158) provided on opposite sides of the container (134). 5. Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container 134 is received, at least partly within a cavity (132) provided in the supporting member (2). 6. Equipment as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the cavity (132) has internal formations which cooperate with external formations (142, 144) on the container (134). 7. Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet fitting (150) and the inlet fitting (128) are engagable with each other by a push fit. 8. Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior of the container (134) is divided by a flexible partition into two compartments, one of which communicates with the outlet fitting (150), and the other of which communicates with the surroundings through a vent hole. 9. Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting member (2) comprises a handset on which the delivery device is supported by a support tube (4), the container (134) being secured to the handset.

Inventors: ALI, EREN, GILL, DAVID CHARLES
Applicants: NOMIX-CHIPMAN LIMITED
Application year: 1988
Main classification: A01M7
IPC codes: A01M7, B05B3, B05B9, B05B7